davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
By Charles E. TroceWeH
P. the Second.

telligences, to do what is best for them
selves, their families and their groups.
They have no schools, colleges or
encyclopedias, but they have some
thing else that is better for them.
They have the collective experience
of their race telling them what to do.
In our own neighborhood we have
had distinct lessening in the number
of wood thrushes in the last two years.
Where for the quarter of century
before there were literally scores OF
these sweet singers in the two blocks
of our street. today there are perhaps
half a dozen, of which we have seen
only two.
What has happened? We cannot
place the blame on starlings, or crows,
or any other species of bird. In our
own block, many tall locust trees have
been taken down in Is years, and this
might account for the lack of wood
thrusheS, as it does for the lack OF
nuthatches, but what about the next
block? There only three new homes
have been built in a quarter of a
century, and the tall oaks stand today
as they did when we first came to the
neighborhood. yet the number OF
thrushes has declined as much as IN
our own block. What has happened?
We do not know. but realizing that
man, the great meddler, has destroyed
so much life in the past. we are Keep
ing our eyes open to see what ne has
been I'D to in regard to one OF the most
beautiful of all birds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
SEGREGATION and Law
X. v. NJ.

Rules, not authorities, are the way
of Justice; but in eliminating the Ca
price of authority, rules do not elimi-
nate restraint as the basic aspect OF
government. Our American advance
has been to spell out principles which
restrict legislative acts. Our courts,
umpires in the contests of life, cannot
properly write the rules. They can
only see that the rules are followed;
see that the legislative arm in making
the laws and the executive arm in
enforcing them do not violate the re-
strictionS imposed on their acts. This
is an ideal that is rudely dissipated, for
lack of organized government, in for
eign relations Here the caprice OF
authority is perforce retained.
Any government is better than none;
but that government is best which gov
ems least because its rules are reason
able and easily followed, requiring a
minimum of judgment and of punish
ment for violations either by officials
or by citizens. What must not be vio-
lated in the final analysis is natural
law" This requires eternal vigilance
to keep conscience and law compatible.
But pursuing natural law is not an
easy pursuit of happiness in doing
what comes natural" While it is not
a proper function of government to
enforce inequality as in racial Segrega-
ton in public schools, neither is en-
forced equality in education, or nu-
triton, or income, or anything else in
human life. proper or feasible. Pa
ternalism is a moral paradox when en-
f0rnod hx1 fovofiN Worse still the
cancerous growth of taX-exemption in
religious, educational, and charitable
organizations. Our huge private" edu-
cational and research foundations are
very largely financed this way, and by
no means always beneflcently, in
vicious spiral of taxation without repre-
Sentation..
In this confusion over methods we
must not lose sight of the utter neces-
sity for sticking to rules while working
out their compatibility with conscience.
One of the ways the courts have en-
ployed to this end has been GmicuS
cuTiae. If the court is liable to err, it
may be checked by any one who can
get its assent to intervene with advice,
not as party in the action, but as
disinterested friend of justice.
In its recent ruling on the conStitu-
tionality of segregation the Supreme
Court invited an extended brief from
the Department of Justice as GnicuS
curide. While the department was not
a party to the suit, it nevertheless vio-
lated the rule that an GnlicuS curine
cannot advise on matters of constitu-
tionality. It did this in support of adj
ministration policies politically inspired.
This seems perilously like the New Deal
position that means are justified by
ends, even If rules do have to be vio-
lated.
It seems a vicious technicality which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
The Drama of the Sky

Dr. Charles Greeley Abbot, former Secretary
of the Smithsonian Institution and one of the
leading solar scientists of the world today, once
went to Bolivia to view such a phenomenon as
will occur tomorrow morning when the shadow
of the moon falls upon the face of the earth. He
tells how the poor mountain Indians watching
the spectacle interpreted it as contest between
darkness and light, the forces of evil and the
powers of good. That conflict, he says has been
going on for ages and still may be continued for
milleniums to come. The symbolism of it,
naturally, will occur to many watchers of to-
morrow'S eclipse. Some, in Minnesota, Canada
and the Scandinavian countries and then in
distant India will see the brighter orb momen-
tarily conquered by intervention of its lesser
rival but Others including uncounted thousands
here in the Capital of the United States will see
the moon fail to dominate the sun. The obscu-
ration locally will commence at 6:O5 daylight
time, reach its climax at 657 and be all clear at
7:55. Only 70 per cent of the diameter of the sun
will be covered at the moment of greatest intru-
sion. Not until 1859 is there to be another par
tial eclipse and not until 2024 will there be
total eclipse visible in this area.
But even if the sun completely were BACKED
out tomorrow and even were that event to be
followed by such another occluSion year after
year indefinitely the drama which DR.. Abbot
and his Indian friends watched in Bolivia al
ways let us hope would end in the same fash
ion, No final victory of evil over good ever will
happen so long as men have sense enough to
fear it and are willing to dedicate themselves
to its defeat.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29

by one were affixed to the wall in their original
position as far as that could be ascertained in
each instance. Thus the head of Philip, the
tunicS of Saints Bartholomew and Jude and the
costume of Christ, the dishes and food on the
table, the decorated cloth, the landscape seen
through the three windows and many other
details were given a new brilliance. Much Of
Leonardo's achievement was lost as far back as
a few decades after his death in 1919. This was
a tragedy which never could be corrected. The
fault predominantly was that of the artists
choice of tempera as his medium. His colorS
did not hold firmly to the plaster nor the plaster
to the brick and stone wall The Cenacolo
scaled, was hurt by mildew and by changes of
temperature and still more seriously was in
jured by oils and varnisheS applied to the
disintegrating surface. Bellotti, Mazza, Barezzi
and Cavaliere Cavenaghi successfully strove to
bring the painting back to its pristine glory in
vain What now has been accomplished appears
to be the most successful endeavor Of its kind
ever carried through to completion.
Americans who have seen "The Last Sup
per" in Milan generally have come away from it
sad at heart over its ruined condition. But
when they remember, as most of them surely
do that Da Vinci created his masterpiece in
1894 and that it was contemporaneous with
Columbus discovery of America, they realize
that it is a miracle that any semblance OF the
original design still exists. What is left after
more than four and half centuries may be
only wreck infeasible of restoration worthy
of the word, but it still represents art at its
nobleSt and religion at its inspiring best. Prof.
Peliccioli deserves gratitude for his services to
both values.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
What Happened in Guatemala?

The Organization of American States has
decided wisely to go on with its plans for
Western Hemisphere foreign ministers meet
ing next month and to have the Inter-American
Peace Committee proceed meanwhile, with its
on-the-spot investigation of events in Guate-
mala For from two Nrces the disturbing
charge has been made that the military junta-
or at least several of its members-that forced
the resignation of Communist President
Arbenz possesses his same liking for the polit-
cal left and that the public outlawing of the
Communist Party is merely hoax.
First Secretary Francisco Anguiano of the
Guatemalan Embassy here, resigning and ask
ing political asylum in this country, made the
charge in one instance. In the other case, it
was broadcast from the headquarters of Colonel
Castillo ArmaS, leader of the revolutionary
movement. Both claimed that the junta mem
berS approved the Arbenz policies and would
not change them basically or permanently.
Whether this is so or not, the true proper
tons of Communist activity in the little country
are currently obscured. The Inter American
Peace Committee may be able to find out
exactly what is going on-and perhaps what
is impending The hemisphere foreign min
listers, scheduled to meet in Rio de Janeiro on
July Z, may be able, under terms of the hemi-
spheric defense treaty of 1947 and the Caracas
declaration of last March, to set in motion.
some action to end this Red menace in CUR
part of the wdrE. =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
The Song Beyond

1t al,Uays seemed to her. her whole life
through,
There tDas song that only she could
sing
Waiting little Uay beyond the blue
Clear air of evening gentled By the
Jung
OF one uhite bird, little tUGy beyond
The haze that lay toreuer on her hills.
A song to which mems spirits must
respond.
Forgetting, for little. all their ills.
The song Uds always there; but l0hen
she tried
To uoice its words and melody. it fell
Dull on her ears, and all the t0onder
died.
If it uas bane or bliss she could not
tell
To hear not far at0ay, her whole lite
long.
Faint whispers of an uncreated song.
( Jone Merehqt
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29

In a letter finding fault with The
Stars crossword puzzle, an anonymous
male signing himself Up" suggests the
puzzle was the work of woman. While
it may be so, generally speaking, that
women are out of their element when
they attempt intellectualism," let me
suggest that "P" offer himself up to
receive the sound thrashing he so
freely prescribes for the composer elf
male) of the crossword in question.
His letter takes issue with ram
parts" as an accurate solution to What
Francis Scott Key watched" "P"
thinks that Key watched over the
ramparts." He therefore is misinter-
preting the words of the Star-Spangled
Banner, which go:
"Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's
early light,
What so proudly we hail'd at the twi-
lights last cleaning?
Whose broad stripes and bright stars,
thro' the perilous fight,
Ger the ramparts we watched. were so
CALAMITY streaming?"
1t is clear that the "ramparts" were
indeed what Francis Scott Key
watched" Key was aboard a British
ship in Chesapeake Bay at the time,
having gone there to secure the release
of a DR.. William BeaneS who had been
captured after the burning of WASH
ington, D. c., and it is certain that
while Key watched the ramparts of
Baltimore's Fort McHenry through the
morning miStS it was a ships rail he
watched "over," not rampartS.
While I'm about it, let me say that
The Star and its customers are getting
their moneys worth from this new
series of croSSwords. Particularly do I
admire their avoidance, wherever pos
sible, of run-of-the-mine words and
definitions, so that the solver finds in
each puzzle new reminders of things
he hasn't thought of lately or run
across in some other crossword recently.
Elizabeth p. Carlson.
1 suggest that "P" get husky chap
to administer to him the sound
thrashing.''
Mr. Key watched all night through
the fog and smoke of bombardment,
anxiouSly awaiting the dawn to show
him whether or not the flag was still
flying. He watched the ramparts. He
had to-he couldn't see the flag! If
he had been able to see the flag flying
during the night, there would not have
been his question, "Oh, say, can you
see, by the dawn's early light . 2"
and We would not have his glorious
Star-Spangled Banner
GOvmint StenOg.
It is human, though deplorable. for
a crossword puzzle addict to blame
the puzzle-maker rather than his own
ignorance.
P.'s mistake was not, of course. the
worst one possible. A child of my
acquaintance once rendered it, "O'er
the pots what we washed" But then.
the child was only 4,years DID, and
without pretensions to intellectual
ISM"
P. the Second.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
Do VincTs Last Supper Restored

THE Last Supper considered by many
critics to be the most important picture in the
world, has been restored and rededicated in the
refectory of S. Maria dele Grazie in Milan.
Seven years of labor were spent on the task,
Prof M. Pelliccioli directing the enterprise from
its start Modern scientific methods of repair
were employed, as might be expected; but no
attempt was made to alter the essential charac-
ter of Da Vincis composition. The picture has
not been spoiled by unwiSe efforts to redeSign or
even to repaint it,
Five layers of glue and pigment dating
from different periods of earlier renovation
Aere removed Then loose scalesksnd flakes one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29

expenditures at high level and in
dividualS to make personal eXpendi-
lures Already the general downward
trend has been halted. The all-time
record of construction and home build
ing established in the first five months
of 1854 indicates the confidence of our
people. The construction industry is
the largest single user of steel.
Basic steel is one of our most essen
tial commodities in peace and war, en-
ploylng currently approximately 8OO,-
600 with payrolls amounting to over
half billion dollars monthly. Basic
steel could not carry on without the in
vestment of the savings of hundreds of
thousands of citizens of small income.
Yet these thrifty citizens are diScrimi-
mated against by being doubly taxed.
In 1853 nearly three-f1fths of the
stockholders of United States Steel had
incomes that were less than 5000 a
year. Other surveys indicate that stock
holders as class are not wealthy. The
really wealthy have been driven into
municipal bonds and other tax-exempt
fields by the high tax rates and double
taxation on investors in private enter
prise.
Yet the key to our future economic
advance, the maintenance and increase
of employment, production and income
is capital formation. Research. engi-
neering and development, so charac-
teristic of the rapid progress our coun-
try has made economically and socially
is dependent on investment. Unless in
vestment is encouraged, the number Of
jobs in business and industry will de-
cline. 1t costs $4,000 just to supply
the tools and equipment for one worker
on the average in industry today.
Too few realize that after paying the
operating costs of plants. including
wages and salaries. Federal taxes then
take 60 per cent or better of the earn
ingS that remain.
The growth of our economy on which
much of the world is leaning heavily
today will be best served by approach
ing our tax problem from the common
interest of the consumer and the in
weston at the same time.
That is what the tax bill now before
the Senate aims to do.
This tax bill proposes real founda-
ton on which the country can build
and go forward with renewed conf
dence. The President by sponsoring
these proposals shows he has faith in
his country and his fellow countrymen.
HOey Hennessy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
At Odds With Dorothy Thompson

Just how long is Dorothy Thompson
to continue writing such unmitigated
nonsense as she has in her mixed-up
article, "Germany'S MiSgivings on
EDC"? That she wishes to show her
self a francophobe is her own business.
On the other hand, when she comes
forth with the statement that at Dien
Bien Phu, German defenders greatly
outnumbered French" she would do
well to provide some proof for her
extravaganza. And then to top it of,
she describes some German newspaper
article about German Legionnaires in
Paris military hospital. Obviously,
the Germans are entitled to their share
of sensational journalism. But, let us
not forget that these valiant Germans
were not drafted but volunteered.
It seems that between wars it is
always fashionable in the United States
to blame the French for just about
every international problem that looms
on the political horizon. We seem to do
it inStinctively, forgetting that France
was invaded three times within a gen.
Grafton by her neighbor. After all.
which country launched the last two
world wars in which so many Ameri-
cans were killed, France or Germany?
Moreover, which of these two countries
contributed the most to our own polit-
ical philosophy and democratic thought
in the 18th century?
No one could reasonably deny Ger
many her rightful place among nations.
But there is no reason this cannot be
done without tearing down the French
who need all the sincere encourage
nent they can get despite their weak
ness. And there are many intelligent
Germans who will agree with this
view. At the same time, it behooves
many Americans, such as Miss Thomp-
son, to revise some of their francopho-
bic views tranSplanted tot this country
by waves of German immigrants at the
turn of the century. This writer has
certainly heard enough of such pref
udice from his own German-American
grandparents.
Veteran World War III.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
DR.. Bish on Inteerotion


Passage of President Eisenhower's
tax bill is essential to the maintenance
of the private enterprise system on
which the economy of the country and
the progress and freedom of our people
depend. Strangely enough, the most.
vocal opponents of the bill contend it
places too much emphasis on stimulat-
ing investment and expanding produc-
ton. They dub it rich mans bill be-
cause it modifles slightly the present
double taxation on monies invested in
business. Yet many of these same OPP
ponents predicted full-size depression
in 1854 and urged broad emergency
measures to meet the "criSis."
The Presidents own calm and refusal
to tinker in broad way with the nor
NAL functioning of the economy en-
couraged business to continue capital
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
Stoped Congressman

It is too bad the "stoning" incident
of Representative Curtis took place,
but why all this fuss-could 1t be be-
cause it happened to some one holding
a high position in Government? Each
day our papers print incidents Of
shameful hoodlum behavior. What
about the ordinary everyday" citizen
who has to put up with the disgraceful
goings on Of children and teen-agers
roaming the streets? ] do not blame
the police as the situation has gone
beyond the ordinary method Of dealing
with individuals disregarding the laws.
E. II.
Dear me, a Congressman was stoned
by a mob Of young hoodlums, and he
expressed great surprise over such a
thing! Said he had never seen anything
like it before. Now every available po-
liceman has been called QUITO see that
no more CongreSSmen are stoned. What
about Mr.. Average Citizen, who is most
likely to see this kind Of treatment each
time he sticks his head outside the
door? Why not sufficient police pro-
lection for all of US as well as Con-
gressmen?
Citizen.
So a gang takes the headlines and
a Congressman suggests that police be
taken off cruisers and put back on q
beat" to guard against such attacks.
In defense of police, who work all
hours, let me uphold their statement
that there is not much we can do
about it,"
They walk stheir shoes OF to make
arrests and what happens? A teen
ager is put in a. receiving home for a
day or two and then released. His
attitude remains unchanged and two
days later the same rop arrests the
same offender. Like playing cops and
robbers, only not funny. It's wonder
to me the police did not tell the truth.
namely, there is nothing we can do
about it,"
All right, Congress, let's pass q bill
to allow punishment Of these youthful
offenders before they go too far. Let's
carry on where the police force leaves
off. There must be long list OF Of
lenses now ready for classification, so
how about a punishment to fit the
offenses, regardless Of age?
Let's give the police force the sup
port needed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
By THE HASKIN SERVICE.

@. Is the Dick Tracy" wrist radio
on the market?-C. S.
A. No. The wrist radio was devel-
oped at the Army Signal Corps Engi-
neering Laboratories, Fort Monmouth,
N. j., as a means of further exploring
the possibilities of naturalization. It
is not available commercially.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
Questions and Answers

reader can get the answer to any question
of fact by writing The Evening star Infor-
ton 5. D. C. Please inclose three ~ cents for
return postage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29
Letters to The Star.

keeps any ordinary citizen or group
from intervening as GnsicuS curiGe to
point out unconstitutionality in court
actions involving the public interest.
Eternal vigilance is not Subserved by
ruling on conStitutionality only when
some citizen has his special interests
affected, and even then only when po-
litical pressures are brought to bear
as N this case Of executive Intervention.
Alden Potter.
DR.. Bish on lntegrotion
The spirit and substance of the talk
given by Principal Charles L. Bish to
his student body recently could well be-
come the credo Of every administrator,
teacher, and student in the Districts
public schools. DR.. Bish has again
showed that he not merely holds a big
job but has an even bigger heart.
predict that Mckinley Tech will
become the school systems model in
the integration process.
J. w. Haywood, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29

@. How many different kinds Of
clouds are there?-A. B. w.
A. According to the accepted system
of cloud classification, there are 10
main types, divided into high clouds.
middle clouds and low clouds. These 10
main types are further subdivided into
several species and varieties.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-29

Pen-nGn1eS may be used If letters carry
tOrtteTS' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.
Evening star., 1954-11-03
South Carolina Elects
Thurmond, Write-ln
Senate Candidate
BY the A.soeiotsd Press

COLUMBIA, s. c.. Nov. 81
South Carolina voters set q ma
tionwide precedent yesterday in
electing j. Strom Thurmond.
write-in candidate, as their new
junior United States Senator.
It is the first time a candidate
has been elected to Congress on
a write-in vote.
MIR. Thurmond, running on the
Democratic ticket. defeated his
nearest opponent, State Senator
Edgar Brown, by a decisive mar
gin.
With only scattered precincts
unreported, from a total Of
1869. Mr.. Thurmond had 139,-
16 write-in votes to 80,956 for
Mr.. Brown. Another write-in
candidate, Marcus A. Stone. had
245 votes.
Mr.. Brown was the official
nominee Of the South Carolina
Democratic Executive Commit
tee. His nomination without
benefit Of a special primary
brought protests from Gov,
James F. Byrnes on down, al
though the committee explained
that its 18th hour action, after
the death of Senator Burnet
Maybank, was its only recourse
under the States election law
Mr.. Thurmond had Gov.
Byrnes' support in the race.
Both men supported President
Eisenhower in his 1852 Republi-
can Presidential campaign,