davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25
Partition Can Be Made to Last

Warnings that the partition
Of Wet Nam Is another sMu-
mich" have been flying thick
and fast In this country. But
the analogy is none too apt,
as Gen. Walter Bedell Smith
has pointed out.
True. Munich was an act
Of appeasement. and the Indo-
China agreement - certainly
not q victory--is viewed by
some as appeasement of the
same cloth. Munich pro-
duced the decision to turn
over part Of Czechoslovakia
to the Germans. and the Ge-
nevA agreement in effect pro-
vided for ceding half Of Wet
Nam to the Communists.
There is q possibility that the
Reds viii eventually win all
Of Indo- China, Just as The
Germans won all Of Czecho-
slovaxia.
But there the analogy ends.
The Other Side
The Czech Army without
outside help) could have stood
up. to the Germans much
better than the Wet Namese
Army could have opposed the
Communists.
Munich was not preceded by
eight years OF Czech civil war.
There were no negotiations be-
tween Czechs and Germans,
as there were between the
Wet Namese and French on
one side and the Wet Mini
and their Red allies on the
other.
CzechoSlovakia was, ct the
time Of Munich, q sovereign
state and a democracy Of 90
years experience; Indo- China
has been a colony for several
decades. The Czechs. left to
themselves, could have solved
their problems democratically
chat is, our way. But Wet
Nam, left to itself, probably
would have gone Communist
long ago.
Need partition of Wet Nam
be another Munich, another
appeasement- with the same
dire consequences? 1t could.
but it need not be. There are
presidents dating back 1000
years to prove it. And the
most recent precedent is Ko-
rea. where Syngman Rhee is
showing how rigid a partition
line can be. Postwar Germany
Is another example.
An example from early
German history, in fact, pro-
vides a much closer analogy
to the present Indo-C China
situation than Munich. In
AID. the Romans had been
In contact with the Germans
for some time. In fact, they
had already occupied the
fringes of the German terri
tory. as the Westerners have
occupied the fringes of the
Chinese Empire, to which
Indo : China once belonged.
With other parts of Germany
the Romans had treaties and
contracts, the same as the
Western. powers had with
China proper. for decades.
Then came the battle of the
Teutoburg forest where the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25

ton Of grains and clothing.
The country now has "suffi-
cient" food and clothing. ac-
cording to Harold E.. Stas-
sen, director of the Federal
Operations Administers t. o n,
the agency charged with dis
bursting the 5000 million q
year.
Industry. Production In the
republics all-important tex
tile industry had dropped to
one-half It's prewar level
when the truce was signed.
The largest chemical factory
had been three-fourths de-
stroyed. Lack Of SUFFICIENT
machinery had inactivated
more than half Of South Ko-
rea's mines.
About $50 million dollars was
spent in the past year for con-
struction of q new fertilizer
plant and rehabilitation Of
damaged textile mills. The
chemical factory is under re-
pair and some new mining
equipment has been imported.
So successful has this pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25

the fishing fleet had caused
n per cent decline in landings
Of marine products which pro-
vide IS per cent Of the animal
proteins Cor the Korean diet.
Importation Of fertilizer
contributed much to the 1854
bumper rice crop. And restora-
ton Of the fishing fleet Is now
under way.
Housing. OF the 95 cities
with q population Of 10000 or
more, So suffered major dam
age. More than 400, 900
homes were completely de-
stroyed and 400. 900 damaged.
South Korea today has two
million homeless people. Some
housing Is under construction,
but relatively few units are
ready for occupancy.
Public Utilities. City water
and telephone systems. and
wire and radio facilities were
extensively damaged. They
received immediate attention,
however, because Of their i'm
portance to the recovery plan.
Transportation. r abroad
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25

ton on the Potomac River
between Memorial and Key
Bridges.
Freud?
Acting FILA Commissioner
Norman P. Mason said the ac-
ton was taken probably on
the basis Of fraud in filing
applications" for mortgage In
surance. John McShain, whose
construction company was In
volved. Immediately asked to
testify and Senator Capehart
said he could. Apparently.
though, he will have to wait
until the recess ends.
Another Washingtonian who
viii have to wait II Ian Wood
ner, builder Of the woodner
Apartments and other projects
here, who originally was sum-
moned for next Tuesday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25

bridges, tracks and rolling
stock and many Of the repub-e
lies roads were heavily dam
aged. Repairs will take q
long time. Some progress has
been made. however. with al
lotment from this years 5000
million parcel of SITS million
for railway facility repair
and SIS million for roads.
Health. The three years Of
war inflicted on South Korea
a staggering rate Of smallpox,
typhus and typhoid. A post
war drive to stamp out COM
municable diseases has in
cluded As million NEGOTIATIONS.
Eight additional hospitals and
100 new diSpensaries have
been put into operation. Com
struction also has been COM
pleted on q rehabilitation CEN
ter outside Pusan for 5000
disabled veterans, 5000 of
them amputees.
Education-O One year ago the
pupils per classroom In South
Korea's elementary schools
numbered lis. There was one
teacher for every so students.
Large tents have been donated
by American relief groups as
classrooms. An extensive pro-
gram is in full swing to train
young Koreans as teachers.
One educator. however. re-
Gently pointed out that "even
under the most favorable cir
cumstances 1t viii be many
years before the schools OF
South Korea can reach an ac-
ceptable standard where build
ings and equipment are con-
cerned."
IN addition to American
economic aid, and United Ma
tons contributions which this
year totaled $37A million.
other big donors are the
many non-profit American re-
lief agencies such as CARE
and the American Korean
Foundation. The latter, under
the leadership Of Gen. james
A. Van Fleet, currently is con-
Quoting q campaign for $40
million. So far the foundation
has received So million in con-
tributed goods and So million
in cash. Much Of this has
been spent or budgeted for
health, social welfare and edu-
cational projects.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25
Housing

The Housing Act Of 1854
was laid on the Senate's door
step last week, waiting for
that body to wrap 1t up and
send 1t to the White House.
Conferees settled 154 points
Of difference between the YER
sions passed by the House and
Senate, including agreement on
0 microscopic version Of the
once-broad public housing pro-
gram desired by President
Eisenhower. The House quick
ly voted to take the compro-
mise package.
In doing so. the chamber
for the second time refused to
authorize the four-year, 140.-
000-unit public housing pro-
gram backed by Mr.. Eisen-
hover. The vote was 234 to
156-a margin Of 70 out Of
the $50 ballots cast.
The conference compromise
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25
By John w. Thompson, Jr.

by Jonn w. thompson, ~.
juvenile crime in the county.
The issue was raised the
other day by Woodworking
Juvenile Judge Alfred D.
Moves. He questioned the pre-
negatives of the council to have
released the names of youths
involved in the Bethesda thrill
bombings. He asked that the
council leave to him decision
on what. if any, publicity
should be given to youth crime
in the county.
The position taken by Judge
Noyes is highly debatable. It
probably hinges on just where
youthful offenders come under
his Jurisdiction. At the time
the names were released by
the council-hecause Of COM
munity turmoil over the Of
fense-the youths were in the
hands of the county police,
who are under the council, not
the court jurisdiction. Moth
ing in Maryland State law
prohibits release or publica-
ton Of the names. The police
normally don't do it because
of the councils willingness to
cooperate with the court In
the matter of simple delin-
quency. Most folks thought
the hombings went beyond
that.
What probably will prevent
the council from agreeing to
leave the whole discretion to
Judge Moves Is the feeling
that there probably wouldn't
be any publicity at all in the
future.
Publicity" Judge Moves
told the council, should be
given only with the consent of
the court or of the parents
themselves"
Since he would not have re-
leased the names In the thrill
bombing case, one must won-
der under what circumstances
he would. And how many
parents Of young hoodlums
would voluntarily consent to
such publicity?
It becomes necessary to re-
peat here that neither the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25

neglected military training;
but. their main defense, In two
World Wars, which toppled
their bigger and militarily
more powerful neighbors, was
their economic and political
and cultural strength and skill.
Indo-C China. Of course, is no
Switzerland. Nor is it COM
parable to the Roman or Of
toman Empires. But the gen.
eral lesson about untenable
lines applies to Indo- China
just as it applied throughout
history. Boundaries hold the
better the less they resemble
an irnpenetrable wall. Masonry
works are hard, but they break.
all the more easily. The in
visible lines of cultural infiu-
ence are tougher. According
to some observers. the lines"
In Germany still exist. The
difference of cultural attitudes
on opposite sides Of this line
still prevail. It is more than
$500 years ago that the Ro-
mans built the visible line.
The Romans themselves have
disappeared.
Some will, OF course. insist
that, finally. the Roman EN-
pire did break up under the
impact Of the Germanic tribes.
They will use this example as
proof Of the futility of q pol
icy Of co-existence.
What they do not consider
Is that the Germans who later
conquered the Roman Empire
were not Of the same kind az
those who defeated 1t in the
woods, 400 years previously.
They were no longer barba-
rians. The Germans Of the
great migration were, to q
large degree, Romanized. Most
OF them were Christians. They
did not even intend to de-
stroy the Roman Empire, but
rather. to take 1t over. And
the intervening 400 years of
co-existence were q prize that
would look very good indeed In
Southeast Asia today.
History's Lesson
The lesson Of history, then,
is that partition In Indo- China
car, be kept from becoming APP
peasement. as Czechoslovakia
turned out to be so tragically
Is years ago. To prevent the
dizzy succession of defeats that
followed Munich, however, the
West must look to its cultural
and theological defenses.
For as the historian Arnold
Toynbee has written, culture
does not expand through mill
tary means but through the
charm it exerts on the people
on its fringes. If the West be-
lieves in its cultural values it
need not despair.
1t can provide the Wet
Namese people a kind of cul-
tural TRANSMISSION to throw of
the Communist contagion. If
the West can do this, Cochin
China and Southern AMMAN
could become a rallying point
for the forces Of freedom. in
Southeast Asia. This. Of
course. Is o very large If.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25
Metropolitan Scene
Gas Stotion Tries zoning End Run

council nor police nor the
press are INDUCING In whole
sale release and publication
of juvenile names. Judge
Moves and police handle way
ward youth cases every day in
which the names are withheld.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25
Anti-Red

President Eisenhower's anti
Communist legislative pro-
gram, designed to take the
play against ome-front Reds
away from over-eager con-
gressional committees. moved .
few hating steps closer to
enactment last week.
In final action the House
sent the Chief Executive o bill
requiring subversive organiza-
tons to list with the Attorney
General any printing or re-
producing equipment they
own.
In addition, the House
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25

ministration still were begged
down in House and Senate
Judiciary Committees.
In one minor upset a House
Judiciary subcommittee made
headlines by approving, 8 to
/, a bill to outlaw the Com
munist Party - measure
strongly opposed by the At
torney General. Approval of
the full committee was not ex-
pected.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25

passed and sent the Senate
two bills, one to strip United
States nationality from any
citizerl-even If native-born-
convicted of violating the
Smith act provision against
plotting or teaching violent
overthrow Of the Govern
ment. and the other to
increase penalties for bail
jumping. All other anti
Red bills sought by the adj
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25
Continued From Page A-25o

ICont1nued Fr0m Page A-Z5J
taxation" of stock dividends by
giving shareholders some relief.
The amount of that relief.
the conferees decided. would
be $50 in dividends. to be ex-
cluded from taxable income
for 1854, plus a 4 per cent
credit on all dividends received
after July 81. A ceiling limits
the I per cent credit to 2 per
cent Of all taxable income
this year and to 4 per cent in
any future year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25

It was about a year ago that
President Eisenhower used his
first veto to block an effort by
two oil companies to crack the
District coming code.
The bill would have permit
ted two gas stations located in
areas which are not now zoned
for such use to make substan-
tial improvements. The COM
missioners, zoners and PLAN
ners opposed the measure, but
the bill got through both
houses backed by the Amer
lean Oil Co. and the Sinclair
Refining Co.
One of the stations was at
Massachusetts, and Wisconsin
avenues opposite the Cathe-
dral. It was opened there
prior to establishment of the
present coming. However,
the owners are unable to make
any improvements except
regular maintenance. The
hope was that ultimately they
would give up the locations.
The case had almost been
forgotten since the veto until
the Senate-passed bill to re-
peal the ban on alley dwell
ings came out Of the House
District Committee the other
day. To everybody's surprise.
tackled on to the measure was
language allowing the city
heads to permit reconStruc-
ton Of the gas station. Who
did it? Representative McMil-
Ian, Democrat. Of South Caro-
lima. sponsor Of the vetoed
bill.
Mr.. Mcmillan would not say
what his motive was, but some
of his colleagues are prepared
to try to kill the rider on the
House floor tomorrow as not
"germane" to the alley dwell
ing measure. Bets are that it
won't get through.
y 4 ~ =
Nomins Names
It's unlikely that the Mont
eomery County Council will
surrender any prerogatives 1t
may have over publicity Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25
Nearby Votes

Votes Of the Maryland and
Virginia congressman on ma
jor roll calls July II through
"a.
Senute
Amendment to- ban the
Atomic Energy Commission
from contracting for power
not supplied directly to its
installations (Which would
have ruled out the Presidents
proposal to contract with
private utilities for replace
ment Of power obtained BY
Acc from TvA). Rejected.
$685..
Against: -Beail tR.. Md, Butler
r.. Md. Byrd Cd. Val. Robertson
Amendment to authorize
Acc to produce electric power
but require that preference be
given to public bodies and CO.
operatives in disposing Of ex-
cess power from Acc plants.
Agreed to. 45-41.
For: Byrd. Robertson.
Against: BealL Butler.
House
Motion by Spence Cd, KY
to restore to Housing bill pro-
visions for 100000 public hous-
ing starts over q four-year
period, as originally requested
by the President. Rejected.
156-234.
AEainst: Hyde fR.. Nd. J Small fR..
Md. Broyhill tR.. Val. smith Cd.
Val
Passage Of q bill for increase
in both postal pay and postal
rates. tTwo-thirds or 266
yeas" were required for this
shortcut attempt to combine
two bills.) Failed TO pass, 22s-
I'll.
FER; HYDE small. Broyhili.
ARainst: smith,
Compiled By Conversational Guarteriy.J
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25
NAMING Names

It's unlikely that the Mont
eomery County Council win
surrender any prerogatives 1t
may have over publicity Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-25

Votes Of the Maryland and
Virginia congressman on ma
jor roll calls July II through
Evening star., 1954-12-22
Harold A. Wise, Headed
Macfadden Publications

NEW YORK, Dec. %. 2.Harcid
A. wise, Chairman Of the board
of Macfadden Publications. was
found dead yesterday IN a smoke
filled Madison avenue penthouse.
Another member Of the firm.
Charles Simonson, a. was found
unconscious in the apartment.
but was revived.
Mr.. Wise, 58, apparently died
Of q heart attack. police said.
Both men had returned to the
penthouse after an office Christ
mas party that broke up about
midnight Monday night.
Police said the smoke was
caused BY b cigarette that Set
q sofa 70 smoldering.
They said. Mr.. Wise, Of
Cnancock, Accomack County,
Va. apparently had been aWak-
ened by the smoke during the
night and broke q window pane
TO let ID an. He evidently re-
turned 70 bed and suffered q
fatal heart attack. OfiiciaIs of
the firTn said he had had 4
heart condition for several years.
Mr.. SinonsoKl apparently col-
lapsed III the living room when
he went to investigate the smoke,
Evening star., 1954-12-22
Rev. Michael NeaIy
Native Of Ireland and
Pastor al s.. Cyprian

The Rev. Michael J.. Neary,
6S. pastor Of st. Cyptian Church.
I242 G street S.E.. died yesterday
Ii Georgetown Hospital after Z
heart attack.
rather Nealy had been pastor
Of st. Cyprian,s since l94s. Be-
fore that, he was pastor Of the
Church Of the Incarnation. 1Ol6
Browning place NE. for SIX
years.
Born in County Roscommon,
ireland. Father Neary came tc
the United States In 1911. He
studied for the priesthood at
Epiphany College and st. Jo-
seph's Seminary, both In Balti-
more. He was ordained June,
1921. at Belmont Abbey in North
Carolina.
Father Neary was assistant
pastor OF the Church of the Holy
Redeeiner, 210 New York avenue
wv, In 1024-5. He had also
Seryed as cure In Richmond. Bal
tirnore, Nashville, Tenn, and
Mobile and Prichard. Ala.
Survivors are q twin brother,
Patrick j.. and another brother,
John, both Of Ireland.
Services will be held at 10 am,
Friday In st. Cyprian Catholic
Church. Burial viii be in Mount
Olivet Cemetery.
Evening star., 1954-12-22
Naihan Swifkes, s.,
Apartments Decorator

Nathan Switkes, So, a decorator
at the Westchester Apartments
died this morning in George
Washington Hospital after q long
illness.
Mr.. Switkes, OF 6420 Seventh
street NV, came to Washington
20 years ago from New Haven,
Conn. He was born in Ronania.
He was active in the Farband
Labor Zionist Order, the United
Bessarabian Relief Society, the
United Jewish Appeal Fund and
in the Chain Weitzman Schulz.
Mr.. Switkes Is survived by
his widow Mae, two sons, Joseph.
Of 6l09 Eastern avenue NE.
and william, Of his fathers
address, and q brother. Norris
Sweetkind, of New Haven, Conn.
Funeral services win be at l
pm. tomorrow at Danzansky's
funeral home. 1901 Fourteenth
street NV.
Evening star., 1954-12-22
Frank N. Griiton, 81,
Retired GpO Pressman

Frank M. Gritton, 81. retired
Government Printing Once
pressnan who hAd been treas
urer Of the Printing Pressnnan's
Union No. ! for 80 years. died
yesterday at his home, 20l3
Lawrence street NE.
Mr.. Gritton was born in Dam
Vile, ILL.,. and came to Washing
ton in 1898.
His son, Harry A. Grittcn.
1895 Third street NV. is clerk
to the oiiicial reporters Of the
House Of Representatives.
Other survivors are his widow,
Cynthia; q daughter. Mrs. John
s.. Mansuy, 315 Jefferson street
NV; d brother, Edward. De-
oatur, nl.; four grandchildren.
six great-erandch children and one
eat-ereat-grandchild.
Services will be held at 2:30
pm. Friday at the Lee Funeral
Home, Fourth street and Mas
sachusetts avenue NE. Burial
viii be in Mount Olivet Ceme-
terry.
Evening star., 1954-12-22
Col. Frank Tompkins,
LED Famed Infantry Unit
sy ,hs A..o.,eiiossd !, iI',r Pres.

NORTFIFIEID, VT, Dec. a.
Retired Army Col. Frank Tomp-
kins, 86, commander Of Boston's
famed 30lst infantry during
world War I and q trustee Of
Norwich University for the last
"a years. died yesterday Of q
heart attack at his home.
A native Of washington, D. c.,
Col. Tompkins retired from the
Army for disability in 1920 after
80 years Of service in Cuba,
the Philippines. Mexico and
France. He held two Purple
Hearts, 3 Distinguished Service
Cross, the Silver Star and o
Congressional Life Saving Medal,
Col. Tcmpkins had been as
sociated with Norwich Univer-
sity, a military school. for nearly
so years.
Col. Tompkins was known for
his pursuit Of the Mexican
revolutionary villa during the
Mexican border skirmishes Of
1916. The next year he or
ganized the 30lst Infantry and
led 1t overseas, where he was
wounded In France.
Evening star., 1954-12-22

pair Of shoes that was needed
could be bought, and then they'd
go back to school.
.Long-Liyed Family.
Mrs. Payton's mother lived to
be 100 and her grandmother 90.
But Mrs. Payton claimed her
hearty breakfast and hard work
helped her reach the family
record Of 104. Her hearing was
good and she didn't wear glasses
to sew. She always made her
own soap until six weeks ago
when she became Ill.
Her daughter. Mrs. Halle Car
ter, with whom she lived. is a
baker at the Allies Inn. Also
surviving are two other daugh-
ters, Mrs. Adella Morton. Balti-
more; Mrs. Eva Pogue, Philadel-
phia: five grandchildren. two
great-grandchildren and two
great at-great-grandchild
Services win be held at / pm.
tomorrow at McGuire's funeral
home, 1920 Ninth street NV.
Burial will be in Woodlawn
Cemetery.
Evening star., 1954-12-22
John B. Moon, IS,
Retired Tax Attorney

John B. Moon, 85, retired In
ternal Revenue attorney. died
Monday at Bethesda Naval Hos
pital. He lived ct 1852 six
teenth street NV.
Born in Mclean County. III.
Mr.. Moon was educated 81
Illinois Wesleyan and George
town University. He held 3
master cf laws degree.
During World War / he was
4 captain in the Quarter1naster
Corps. He was b member of the
Organized Army Reserve until
he retired as q lieutenant colonel
IN 1891.
He was secretary-treasureT
emeritus Of the Potomac Boat
Club and q member Of National
Presbyterian Church. the Ameri-
can Legion. Portland. Greg. and
Phi Gamma Delta Fraternity.
Survivors are two daughters,
Miss Marjorie Moon, California:
1t. Jean Irwin Noon, u. s. N,
philadelphia, and tWo sisters,
Miss Anna r. Noon and Mrs.
Frank Page d California.
xsnrusrsne u,5lf ~ FnIA III III j, n,
Evening star., 1954-12-22
Emily Poyton, Born d Slave,
Lived 7O4 EventfuI Years
Virginia Woman
Kept Active Up
To Six Weeks Ago
By corter Gorsko

Mrs. Emily Payton, who once
said that 4 breakfast Of lamb
chops and raw onions helped her
live to 104, oleo Monday.
She died at her home 314 Oak
dale place NV, shortly after her
family had reaq aloud to her the
23d Psalm, he favorite portion
Of the Bible, the part she would
rap on the bed board to hear It
her family tried to read other
verses.
Mrs. Paytcn was born a slave
on a plantation lin Salem. Va,
now Marshall Va. Her father
was q kentucky slave who was
sold several times before he re-
turned to his family many years
later, q free man. Mrs. Payton
didn't like to talk much about
her life; il made her too sad,
her daughter said. But she did
tell about the time she saw her
father taken away in handouts
after he had been sold.
Raised 10 Children.
Mrs. Paylon never learned to
read or write. but she made
sacrifices So that her 10 children
could go to school. She took in
washing. raised turkeys and did
farm work III Virginia to make
enough money, They were living
In Rectorstown, Va. at that time.
Then at night, by lamplight,
when we wanted to play, she
would make us stand up and
read our lessons aloud to her, !"
her daughter recalled. Some
times she'd say. That just
doesn't sound right. read it over
And we'd read our lessons dozens
OF times till she thought they
were right"
Sometimes when the money
ran out. the children would take
turns working until the book or