davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-11-10
All U. n. Delegates
Invited 10 Show
On Atoms-for-Peace
BY the Assoeietsd Press

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y, Nov.
10.-The United States invited
delegates of all SO other United
Nations to a special show late
this afternoon on peaceful uses
of atomic energy. The Russians
were expected to attend.
The show was scheduled for
the spacious Sert Room of the
Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. On the
program were two movies, some
exhibits and three explanatory
lectures. None of the irlforma-
ton involved is secret.
Invitations went out last night
to the leaders and political
committee representatives of all
delegations to the u. N. General
Assembly's current ninth .ses-
sion and to selected news cor
respondents. Soviet sources said
the Russians would attend.
Acc Co-operates.
The United States delegation
arranged the program with the
help of the Atomic Energy Com
mission. It did so in connection
with the Western resolution
now before the Assembly's po-
litical committee.
The resolution proposes es-
tablishment of an international
agency and the holding of a
1855 international Scientific
Conference, both to encourage
the use Of atomic energy for
peaceful purposes in line with
plan originally outlined by
President Eisenhower. The
sponsors are the United States,
Australia. Belgium, Britain,
Canada, France and South
Africa.
The committee has been de-
batting the resolution since last
Friday.
A Is for Atom.
The movies on the program
are an animated cartoon, titled
"A Is for Atom" and giving a
simplified explanation of atomic
physics, and another film show
ing application of atomic science
to industry, medicine and agri-
culture.
The exhibits include models of
nuclear energy plants.
Evening star., 1954-11-10
Thon7os [. Stokes
Seat Of Congressional Power
Who Really Won the Election, in Legislative Terms,
Depends on COMPLEXION of House Rules Group

tees composed Of Democratic
members of the House Ways
and Means Committee. This
group is, itself, composed Of
party elders, being the No. l
legislative committee, whic h
means that usually it is con-
servative in inclination. The
Ways and Means Committee
handles tax and tariff legisla-
ton.
In picking men to fill vacan-
cies on the Rules Committee.
the Democratic Committee on
Committees n aturally will
counsel with the Speaker Of
the House, who again will be
Representative Sam Rayburn
Of Texas. So the Speaker will
have influence in the makeup
of the Rules Committee as Of
others. There is a practical
condition, however, which re-
Stricts the choice somewhat.
That is the seniority rule that
governs promotions in the
Evening star., 1954-11-10
Dovd LoMence;-
Watkins Committee Criticized
Mccarthy Censure Probers Accused of infringing
Upon Rightfu Jurisdiction of Senate Rules Group

Of the Communist menace at
Fort Monmouth, N. j.. until
Senator Mccarthy came into
the picture. Radar secrets Of
Importance in the interception
of enemy planes were handled
there. Gen. Zwicker Is alleged
to have expressed disdain for
and a prejudice against the
Wisconsin Senator. which is
believed to have had a bearing
on the zwicker attitude at the
hearing.
It is difficult to see also how
the incident involving the pro-
motion of Mai. Peress, alleged
to be a Communist. can fail
to be aired, too. on the floor
Of the Senate. Also the Wat
kins resolution doesn't say
what particular "denuncia-
ton" is condemned. It implies
that the Senate intends to ac-
cept as its own the entire
zwicker testimony and conduct
as approved when it is obvious
that the general was at fault
in several particulars. This
correspondent has always
stated that the Wisconsin SEN
ator was intemperate and, in
deed, lost his temper but that
the issue is what was the
provocation.
The Watkins committee
dropped other counts in the
censure controversy because it
deemed the "provocation" was
such as to cause Senator Nc
Carthy to say what he did
about other Senators. But in
the coming debate it will be
necessary to try all over again
the whole question of what
does or does not constitute
"provocation." If the censure
resolution is adopted, more
censure resolutions will be pro-
posed at this session to con-
denim the conduct of other
Senators who have said worse
things to witnesses than the
Wisconsin Senator ever did.
Such resolutions probably will
be tabled. But the point will
be made-that only a Sen
ator fighting communism is
censured.
Several Senators, recogniz-
ing all the implications, are
trying to work out a "compro-
mise" resolution which will call
attention to intemperate state
ments but will praise the Wis
consin Senator's objectives in
the anti Communist fight.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1954-11-10

cumbent. Senator Guy Gordon.
who as chairman Of the ap-e
preparations subcommittee on.
the Interior Department had
channeled huge sums Of Fed
eral money into the develop
ment of the Northwest.
But what surprised the cam
paigning politicians Is that
Dixon Yates registered as an
issue in areas apart from those
where public power dams have
been built. In their own dis
cussions they suggest that the
big trouble is no one has come
forward to claim authorship
of the plan. It is not, poll
ticians believe, what was at
tempted but how it was at
tempted that is chiefly at fault.
1t may be, too, that new
headlines about the arguments
within the Atomic Energy
Commission will attract Presi-
dent Eisenhower'S attention.
They are based on the public
testimony of Commissioner
Thomas Murray that ACC is
being distracted from its sober
and critical primary mission
by being drawn into the Dixon
Yates fray.
This same point was made in
a letter to the budget director
last spring, signed by Commis-
sioners Smythe and zuckert.
both now resigned. There is
grave doubt that this letter
reached the President, as he
Evening star., 1954-11-10
Thomas L. Stokes

Who really won the recent
election, that is, in terms of
the likely philosophy Of legis-
lation in the new 84th Con-
gress, may depend in large de-
gree upon what happens about
the House Rules Committee.
That body has power to give
the "go" sign or sidetrack bills
approved by regular legislative
committees of the House OF
Representatives.
Often during the Roosevelt
New Deal and the Truman Fair
Deal, this committee of dozen
House elders blocked economic
and social welfare measures
through a coalition of South
ern conservative Democrats
and Republicans that ruled it.
This was one of the chief de-
tense strong points of the coa-
lition which, as you may recall,
dominated both branches of
Congress during the last half
of the Roosevelt regime and
most of the Truman regime.
Frequently the Senate would
enact progressive bills, only to
have them buried by the Rules
Committee in the House.
A key figure in the new 84th
Congress will be a veteran Vir-
ginia Democrat, Representa-
tive Howard Smith, who will
become chairman of the House
Rules Committee. He is one of
the most conservative Of the
Southern Democrats who will
succeed to the bulk Of commit
tee chairmanships in both
House and Senate. From long
service on the Rules Commit
tee he is skilled in maneuver.
Much depends on the make
UP Of his committee, and the
Democratic leadership has
considerable leeway there. This
Evening star., 1954-11-10
Doris FIeeson-;

Republican politicians with
an eye on 1856 have moved into
the Dixon-Yates picture. They
are warning the White House
that the controversial private
power contract proved to be
pay dirt for the Democrats
during the last campaign and
that the end is not in sight.
This was the situation be-
hind the scenes as public hear
ings Of the Joint Congressional
Committee on Atomic Energy
continued to furnish a forum
for opponents of the contract.
Technically, the contract is
not before the committee and
cannot be until after it has
been signed by the Atomic
Energy Commission and rep
resentatives of the Dixon Yates
interests. The congressional
committee has asked for the
signed contract and has been
put off from day to day.
The commissioners have the
power to sign the contract. All
that is required now is for
them and for the President to
summon up the nerve to go on
with it in view of the conse-
quences that may ensue.
What has been added since
November 2 is the sure knowl-
edge now being urged on the
White House that 1t is an ef-
fective political issue. The most
striking evidence comes from
Oregon where Richard Neu-
berger beat the veteran in
Evening star., 1954-11-10

is because the Democrats, as
the majority party, will have
eight of the IL seats on this
committee, with the Repub-
licans having four, and that
means that five Democratic
places must be filled. There are
three carry-over Democratic
membership. Smith, who will
be chairman; one other
Southerner who likewise has
been a member for years, Rep
resentative william M. Col
mer Of Mississippi, and an
Indiana Democrat of New
Deal and Fair Deal leanings,
Representative Ray Madden
who comes from the Gary steel
district. The other Demo-
cratic member in the last
Congress, Representative John.
E. Lyle, jr., of Texas, retired
and did not run for e-election.
In charge of making COM
mittee states for Democrats
is the Committee on Commit
Evening star., 1954-11-10
lois TI9eSO7F--
Dixon-Yotes and the Elections
Fact That Issue Proved to Be Democratic Pay Dirt
Causes CONSERVATION Among Some Republicans

stated at a press conference
that he did not accept the
premise that a commission
majority opposed the contract
last spring.
It is an argument to which
responsible members of Con-
gress and the public must pay
attention, whatever their
feelings; about public power
and the future of iva.
Democrats are not at all
sure they can stop the con-
tract if the President deter
mines to proceed with it. They
think they might be able to
pass legislation to stop it. but
should the President veto that.
they would expect Republicans
to rally behind him and make
it impossible to get the two
thirds majority necessary to
pass a bill over a presidential
veto.
What they might try to do
is to increase iva appropria-
tions so it could build new
steam plants and run COM
petition to Dixon-Yates.
They certainly will continue
to seek the author of the idea
and they especially want to
know who persuaded the Pres
ident to, put the Atomic En-
ergy Commission into the pic
ture as a kind of power broker.
The Acc in this respect is on
the defensive and 1t will not
soon regain its privileged posi-
tion.
Evening star., 1954-11-10

The speech of Soviet Deputy
Premier Maxim z. Sahurov on
the occasion of the 37th ami
versary of the Bolshevist revo-
luton holds regrettably lit
tie encouragement for those
searching for signs that the
Kremlin desires to "relax in
ternational tensions" with a
view to ending the cold war on
terms conceivably acceptable
to nom Communist powers. The
tone and phraseology are bet
ter than we became accus-
toned to under Stain, but the
content is not hopeful. The
usual lip service is paid to the
doctrine of co-existence," but
no tangible suggestions are ad-
vanced to settle the issues
which prevent or initiate
against relaxation.
The Kremlin spokesman en-
phasized the military strength
Of the Soviet Union, stating
that the Soviet "even on the
admission of its enemies has
multiplied its forces still fur
ther," but in the same para
graph attacked certain leaders
of the United States" for
planning to negotiate with the
Soviets from a position of
strength" This in the context
of the speech suggests that the
Communist world which has
united under its banner 900
million people" is already in
such a position of strength
that an attempt to equalize it
is impossible.
For there is no logic in argu-
ing that the Soviets intend to
negotiate from a position of
strength already attained and
multiplying, and that this tre-
mendous military strength rep
resents peace, while strength
anywhere outside the Commu-
mist bloc is ipso facto aggres-
sive; that one can simultane-
ouSly proclaim ones own
military power while counsel
ling ones enemies to negotiate
from weakness!
The military strength Of the
Soviet Union is acknowledged,
Evening star., 1954-11-10
Constantine Brown

President Eisenhower cor
rectly estimated the world sit
uation when he stated in Bos-
ton on Monday that the threat
of a shooting war has been
eased in recent months. But
while the Muscovites are pre-
tending to spread sweetness
and light all over the world
their Red peace dove never
flies toward the United States.
The masterminds in Moscow
and Peiping are now concen-
trating on consolidating their
power and influence in the Far
East, whence the Western
nations are being expelled
through military actions such
as in Indo- China and Korea.
Another military effort may
be necessary against FormoSa
to clinch the Red domination
Of Asia. But the men in Mos
cow and Peiping hope that no
major effort will be needed.
They trust that the impact Of
their co-eXistence policies on
the Western nations will en-
able them to ram through the
next session of the United Ma
tionS Assembly a resolution
giving the Communists the
seat in that body now held
by the Nationalists.
And the Reds reckon that
the pressure of Americas al
lies will force us to refrain re-
luctantly from offering any
physical assistance to Chang
Kai-shek's government in the
event the Red hordes from the
mainland start rushing the last
stronghold of the Nationalists.
1t may be a year or more
before the Red plans for the
Far East materialize. In the
meantime, the Soviets are
making every possible effort
to damage American prestige
all over the world. They have
learned over the years that
American patiences is mex
haustible and the chances OF
our retaliating are infinitesi-
NAL.
The Reds learned they could
step on our toes with impunity
when they were our so-called
comrades in arms during the
last war. It will be recalled
that when American pilots
Evening star., 1954-11-10
Russians Attack u. S. Prestige
Reds Learned as Long Ago as World War Il That They
Could Walk Upon American Toes With Impunity

photograph typical scenes Of
Russian life. When Mrs. Som
merlatte wanted to phone the
Embassy after producing her
diplomatic card issued in
Russian by the Soviet foreign
Office she was restrained by
force. Her companion walked
toward the door pretending
she was going to escape. The
MVD goons grabbed her. In
the scuffle which ensued she
pushed away one who had
seized her by the shoulders.
The ruSe had worked. During
the melee Mrs. Sommerlatte
had managed to phone her
husband who came to the aid
of the two women.
There seems to be no doubt
in the minds of our represent
atives in Moscow that the
Sommerlatte incident was
created on orders from the
highest officials in the Soviet
foreign Office. The Soviet ex-
pulsion of an American with
diplomatic privilege was skill
fully exploited. particularly in
Asia. And we did not retaliate
any more than we did when
Moscow kicked out our AM
bassador George Kennan two
years ago.
The shooting down of the
B-29 last Sunday was prompt
ed by the same motives Of
hurting American prestige
among the power-minded Ash
aticS. The Reds must have
suspected that we would reply
only with the customary diplo-
matte note. That never hurts
the thick-skinned, particularly
when it is not followed by
anything more drastic than
possibly the recall of our am
baSSador "for consultation"
President Roosevelt took such
action in connection with the
persecution of the Jews by
Hitler before the last war, al
though the democratic nations
in Europe considered such a
step as novice diplomacy"
We are not likely to follow
such Rooseveltian policy be-
cause, without admitting it. We
are now in a phase of appease-
ment under the theory of CO.
existence.
Evening star., 1954-11-10
House, including committee
promotions.

pIOtIIUIAOAlo.
The Rules Committee origi-
nally was set up as a traffic
directing committee to f1x the
schedule for consideration by
the House of measures ap-
proved by legislative commit
tees. But through the years
1t arrogated to itself legisla-
tive powers, that Is, to the eX-
tent Of holding back bills from
the floor on occasion. The ex-
tent of it's authority depends
somewhat upon its chairman
who, If he is a strong and able
man, can exert considerable
influence upon the caliber of
legislation enacted by the
House unless he is checked by
the personal intervention of
the Speaker and other leaders.
Speaker Rayburn thus holds
one of the keys to the degree
of power to be exercised by
Howard Smith, and thus to the
sort of legislation that gets be-
fore the House in the 84th
Congress. Sam Rayburn is
recognized as a strong and
able man, and he is, likewise.
more progressive on some issues
than many of his Southern
colleagues, and certainly that
is true with respect to Mr..
Smith Of Virginia.
We may find as the new
Congress unfolds that the
Rules Committee will again
become an issue and the CEN
ter of controversy. as it has
been periodically. Twice in
recent years Presidents of the
United States have interested
themselves in the Rules Com
mittee.
Most recent was Harry Tru-
man. During the 1948 cam
paign he made an issue of the
burying of Fair Deal legislative
measures in House commit
tees, including the Rules Com
mittee. in the Republican 80th
Congress. Consequently. after
his reelection, Democrats
brought forward and put
through the House a change in
rules that clipped the wings
Of the Rules Committee. But.
in the next Congress two years
later, Democrats themselves
rescinded this rules change, so
that the committee operates
again as before.
Ten years earlier, President
Roosevelt had taken notice of
the Rules Committee which,
under direction of Representa-
tive John J. O'Connor Of New
York, had blocked New Deal
bills. So the President in
cluded Representative O'Con-
nor among the Democrats
whom he sought. to defeat in
the 1888 primaries, the fa-
nous Roosevelt purge" Mr..
O'Connor was defeated, the
only one Of the Roosevelt
targets--all the others were
Senators-Wl1o was beaten.
Evening star., 1954-11-10
Dovid Lawrence

Maybe the Senate Of the
United States is interested in
orderly procedure and maybe
1t is not-but when a commit
tee which has nothing to do
with a subject, such as
changes In the Senate rules.
undertakes to report out di-
rectly to the Senate a resolu-
ton that belongs In another
committee in the first in
stance. it may be asked
whether this isn't disorderly
procedure.
For many months now the
Senate Rules Committee has
been holding hearings and
listening to testimony on the
subject Of congressional in
vestigations and how witnesses
shall be handled. Now, in the
middle of that task, the Wat
kins committee handling the
Mccarthy case has come forth
with a resolution to change in
certain respects the rules on
committee work, but no hear
ings have been held on that
particular proposal. This dis
regards entirely the work OF
the Rules Committee itself
thus far-before it has made
its own report.
The same Watkins commit
tee, moreover, has come forth
with a separate resolution
charging Senator Mccarthy
with refusal to cooperate with
a Senate committee whose in
vitation to testify in 1852
before his present term began
he did not accept. The exact
phrasing of the resolution is
that the Wisconsin Senator
was engaged thereby in "ob-
structing the constitutional
process of the Senate"
If it's a subject for censure
when a Senator refuses to ac-
cept an invitation of a Senate
committee. then at least one
other Senator has been guilty
OF the same conduct at the
present session of Congress,
but no proposal to censure
him has been offered.
Also. if "obstructing the
constitutional process of the
Senate" is really to be a basis
for censure hereafter-it never
has been before-then obvi-
ously the Senate must re-ex-
anime the filibuster which en-
gagged the attention of the
Senate and obstructed the
Legislative process" for nearly
three weeks last summer. It
Evening star., 1954-11-10

will be surprising II any SEN
ators will allow themselves to
be placed in the embarrassing
position of being willing to
censure only a Senator who
fights communism and refus-
ing to censure any other Sen
ators guilty of a similar offense
in declining to testify and in
other alleged distractions dur
ing a session Of this very same
Congress.
Many of the Southerners
who believe in the filibuster as
a device to protect them may
find, if they vote to approve
obstruction of the constitu-
tional process of the Senate"
, as a censurable offense, that
they may have lost the one
means which they have always
relied upon to prevent the
passage of legislation thought
to be hostile to the interests of
the South. Everybody knows
that a filibuster is not really
debate on a pending issue but
a deliberate means of prevent
ing the majority from acting.
Another portion Of the new
resolution proposed by the
Watkins committee seeks to
place the Senate on record as
saying that 1t "disavows the
denunciation of Gen. Zwicker
by Senator Mccarthy as chair
man of a Senate subcommittee
and censures him for that ac-
ton"
This language is so broad
that it could bring weeks and
weeks of debate in the present
session, because it will be nec-
essary to try the whole zwicker
case over again. Senator Nc
Carthy and his supporters in
the Senate have been insisting
that the Department of the
Army gagged certain officers
who were willing to tell the
Mccarthy committee the in
side story of the Zwicker
episode. There is no way now
of keeping that story from
being told on the floor of the
Senate.
One version is that Gen.
Lawton, who was forbidden to
testify, did tell some of the
staff Of the Mccarthy COM
mittee of conversations he had
had with Gen. Zwicker at
Camp Kilmer, N. j., to the ef-
feet that he tGen. Lawton
couldn't get the Pentagon to
act expeditiously in getting rid
Evening star., 1954-11-10

who bombed Japan were
forced to land in Siberia they
were treated by our ally" as
prisoners Of war just as if
they had been enemies. The
State Department accepted the
pretext that this was because
the U.S.S.R. was neutral in
the Pacific and had a nom
aggression treaty with the
Japanese.
When number of American
planes, some armed and some
unarmed. were shot down by
the Communists during the
cold war in Europe we retail
ated with a mild bombardment
of diplomatic notes. These
must have caused general hi
larity in the Soviet foreign
Office.
When our Western European
allies started to nibble on the
Red bait of co-existence the
Russian political-military di-
plomacy toward them began
to soften. Our European allies
are no longer a handicap to
Communist plans for domina-
tion of the Asian continent.
The British have relinquished
all their possessions in East
Asia except Malaga and Hong
Kong. The French have been
pushed out of Indo- China and
signed an ignominious sur
render at Geneva.
But the United States still
appears strong and unbending
in the eyes of the Red dicta-
tors. Hence. the prestige Of
the one remaining power
which opposes Red rule of the
world must be reduced.
The expulsion of Mrs. Som
merlatte, wife of an American
diplomat in Moscow, is as
much a part of the prestige
war against America as was
the shooting down of a B-29
photo plane over Hokkaido by
Soviet MICS last Sunday. We
are sending notes but are not
likely to retaliate.
The story of Mrs. Sommer-
latte is interesting. She and
another American woman
from the Embassy in Moscow
were trapped by MVD agents
at a workers clubhouse where
they had been told they could
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1954-08-27
PUBLIC HEARING TO BE
HELD; POPLAR BRANCH

A public hearing on proposal
to close Currituck Sound waters
to commercial fishing each year
from April l to September Is
will be held at Poplar Branch in
Currituck County on September
81.
The hearing will be conducted
by the State Board of Conserva-
ton and Development and pro-
ponents and opponents of the
proposal will be heard, Director
Ben E. Douglas of the Depart
ment of Conservation and Devel-
opment said.
Douglas said the hearing will
start at IL am. in the Poplar
Branch schoolhouse.
Cecil Morris of Atlantic, chair
man of the C&D boards COM
mercial fisheries committe, will
preside. Other members of the
committee are: Charles H. Jen-
kins, Ahoskie, Charles A. Allen,
Durham, Henry Rankin, Jr.,
Fayetteville, and w. Eugene
Simmons, Tarboro.