davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11
lndo-Chinu
Operation Auyergne'
Ends With French
Pent in Hunoi Pocket

Operation Auvergne" was
completed in Indo-C hina's Red
River Delta area last week.
With the conclusion of this
major French Union evacua-
ton Of the entire southern
delta region. the defenders of
Hanoi were left inside a
tightly contracted perimeter
Is miles away from the city on
the north, 35 on the north
west, Is on the southwest, and
rs on the west. Against this
fortified line the Wet Mini
continued to hurl sizable as
saults at strategic points.
To counter the adverse psy-
Geological flee is Of the
French Wet Nam withdrawal.
the French High Command
has used every means to re-
assure the population. From
pronouncements to placards,
the Wet Namese have been
told that French Union forces
are ready and willing to fight
to prevent Red conquest of
Hanoi and Haiphong. Mean
while the Wet Mimi have been
showering Hanoi with leaflets
warning that q major Often
sive viii be unleaShed against
Hanoi within the next week.
Some reports were that D-day
was set for Wednesday. July
IA, French Bastille Day.
But q more hopeful Bias
tile Day note was struck
when French and Wet Mimi
liaison officers meeting at
Trung Cha. 80 miles north of
Hanoi. agreed to begin the
exchange Of sick and wounded
prisoners Of war on that day.
The talks are designed to
!, pave the way for solution of
technical problems If the con-
ferees at Geneva succeed in
working out q cease-fire for
Indo-C China.
Geneva Picture
Affairs at Geneva were less
than hopeful last week. With
top statesmen from both
camps absent. efforts to find
common ground in negotia-
lions for q cease-fire In Indo-
China dragged. But Soviet
Foreign Minister Vyacheslav
Molotov new back to the Swiss
aAA Thursday. and COM
"a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11
Big Deal
Bridge Tolls
Cut "a Bit
BY McKeIdin
Big Deal

With an election coming up,
Gov. Theodore Roosevelt Nc
Keldin was careful to stress at
Silver Spring last Thursday
night that there was nothing
political about his plan to re-
duce tolls on Maryland's Ches-
apeake Bay and Susquehanna
River bridges. Political or not,
motorists who have chafed at
the tariffs ($1.4O for car and
driver plus Is cents per pas
senger on the bay span, 10
cents fiat on the river BRIDGE
looked forward to lower tolls.
The Maryland Governor said
he would spell out the reduc-
tions on Friday.
Though the details still were
ostensibly roll-politicaI it was
apparent on Friday that the
people most likely to benefit
from the reduced tolls would
be voters. General tolls were
not reduced, but ''commuter"
rates were cut. On the bay
bridge, the T0-cent coInmuter
charge was halved to IS cents;
on the river span, the Scent
commuter charge was slashed
to q pee1y.
An indication Of the scope
Of the toll reduction as well as
the proportion of commuter
traffic on the two bridges could
be gained from this informa-
ton: Revenue loss to the State
will amount to about 1h per
cent on the Susquehanna
crossing and slightly less than
3 per cent on the Chesapeake
bridge.
Washington, Virginia and
other out-of- State driversas
well as Marylanders who use
the bridges infrequently-will
continue to ante up the old
fares.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11

seetee would look just like
ordinary material, would
weigh the same. and would
react physically and chemi-
cally with other seetee sub
stances just as terrene coun-
terparts react. Unfortunately
1t would explode spontane-
ously and violently on contact
with terrene matter.
Somewhere In the far
reaches Of the universe, SCI
fic fans have always thought,
there might be Q seetee world
circling seetee sun in q see
tee galaxy.
As long as such q world
existed only in imagination
and even there several million
light years away-the cause
for concern was not too great.
Last week, however, q cos
mic ray scientist named Mar
eel Schein told the American
Physical Society that he had
detected q subatomic particle
Of seetee in the earth's upper
atmosphere. Travelling at ter
rife speed, the particle struck
q Photographic film attached
to an observation balloon
100000 feet up-and exploded
with q force Of 10 million
billion volts. This is about so
million times as much power
as is given out by q fissioning
uranium atom.
DR.. Schein did not know
where the seetee particle came
from. There is a possibility
that 1t may have been travel
ing close to the speed Of light
(186, 900 miles q Second) for
millions Of years.
There were two encourage
ing facts for the human race
to digest, however. First. the
atmosphere provides q pro-
tective blanket. since seetee BY
definition would explode on
contact with the first terrene
atoms to be encountered. Ssc-
ond, no one need concern
himself over the possibility Of q
seetee bomb; like the univer-
sal solvent. what could be used
as q container?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11
PRAGUE soye

ton banknotes Of the devalued
crown and tin coins with the
symbolic Bell Of Freedom. Re-
suits seemed doubtful: besides.
there was reason to fear that
the regime could easily find"
the coins whenever 1t wished
to persecute an innocent victim
To-day 1t is apparent that
this was only q trial attempt, a
preparation for things to come.
Last April, millions Of balloon
carried leaflets dropped down
on CzechoSlovakia from high
attitudes. On eight pages of a
tiny pamphlet Free Europe
carried the 10 basic demands
Of the Czech and Slovak
people. Later, balloons began
to shower the land with the
figure 10" This balloon at
tack known as Operation
Veto" was perfectly timed to
hit the Communists sore spot.
Radio Free Europe co-operated
by advising the people in ad-
vance what to expect and DUR
ing the operation on what was
going on.
Another Election Farce
just at that time the Com
munists we're preparing to
strengthen their weakened
regime with an election farce.
They laid before the people
the usual list Of hand-picked
candidates Of one party alone.
Despite severe compulSion and
strict supervision, uadef which
over SO per cent of the voters
had to go to the polls, 8 per
cent--Inore than half-a-mil-
! lion somehow managed to
cast a protesting vote.
The leaflets carried no new
revolutionary ideas: Simply
the 10 basic demands the Com
munists had always advocated
and promised when enticing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11
Review Of The Week: Indo-C China; Reverse Matte

munist sources continued to
predict the return of Chou En-
lai. Premier of Red China, for
early resumption Of talks with
French Premier. Me r des-
France. Anthony Eden, Bri-
fish Foreign Secretary, is ex-
pected tomorrow. But there
will be no top-levei Americans
on hand.
Secretary Of State John Fos-
ter Dulles announcement
that neither he nor Gen. Wal
ter Bedell Smith. Under
secretary Of State, win return
to Geneva plunged French
hopes for an Indo- China ac-
cord into deepest gloom.
French officials predicted that
the United States position
would force France to q peace
of capitulation, since it ap-
peared obvious that America
would not guarantee or other
wise participate In any armis-
tice arrangement arrived at In
Geneva. Mendes-France has
declared he will not sign q
peace of capitulation for Indo-
China. He took office on the
pledge Of a cease-fire there
before July 20 or he would re-
sign, so the outlook was grim
for the French cabinet.
Frenchm en- were already
beginning to talk Of the adj
vent Of a man, on horse
back"
M. Mendes- France went be-
fore the National Assembly
Wednesday to warn that con-
scription Of troops for Indo-
China must be resorted to If
a cease-fire is not forthcom-
ing. The Assembly has been
consistently sadarnant in for
bidding CONSUMPTION for Indo-
China. But this handicap on
the French forces must be re-
moved if fighting there is to
continue, M. Mendes-France
declared. He told the Deputies
that all arrangements had
been made for the mobilization
and transport Of troops to the
fighting zone, in corporation
with the Supreme Commander
of NATO forces, and that he
would demand that the AS
sembly approve CONSUMPTION
for Indo-C China as his last Of
ficial act before resigning.
Those familiar with French
politics observed that any such
demand by Mendes- France on
July 20 would make his resig-
nation unnecessary.
Wet Nomese Unhoppy
The leaders and people Of
Wet Nam last week seemed
unreconciled to the French
high commands decision to
yield the southern delta re-
gion without q fight. The
new Premier, Ngo Dinh Diem.
renewed his demand that the
French Union forces reoccupy
the area, % demand most url-
likely to be realized: the gov
ernor OF North Wet Nam.
Nguyen Tuu Tri. announced
his resignation in the wake Of
his protest ct the withdrawal.
From Peiping Radio came
word that Chou En-lai had
held q secret border confer
ence with Ho Chi Mini. leader
of the Wet Mimi. and on
Thursday the Communist
New China News Agency re-
ported that Ho had warned
M. Mendes-France that cease
IRE negotiations on Indo China
might be stalled unless France
'fruStrates" United States poll
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11

with passers-by from windows
and doorways. An estimated
1000 political refugees are be-
lieyed crowding the embassies
Of the various South and Cen
trail American nations. with
about 500 at the Mexican En-
bassy alone. None of the en-
bassies would comment on the
refugee situation or on the
junta's memorandum.
Asylum Sought
On Friday Arbenz Guzman,
who had thoughtfully taken
legal steps which--he believed
would protect properties
owned by his wife and family,
called on neighboring Mexico
to get him out Of Guatemala
where his life expectancy was
extremely low. Arbenz faces q
murder rap in the 1949 assas-
sination Of Col. Francisco
Javier Arana, whose death
made Arbenz President.
Mexico City obliged Thurs
day by asking Guatemala to
grant the former President
safe-conduct from the Mexican
Embassy to the Mexican bor-.
der. II granted, this would give
him license to plot against
Guatemala again.
AS the junta strove to con-
solidate its power. steps were
taken to weaken the political
base on which the Arbenz re-
gime had built its Iron Cur
tain-rod. Most important was
a decree denying the franchise
to flliterates. Since illiterates
constitute some 73 per cent Of
Guatemala's population of 3
million. the effects OF the de-
cree on future elections are
sure to be drastic. Hardly less
important was the action of
the iunta suspending "for fur
ther study" the Arbenz agrar-
ian reform law, considered by
many observers to be the
foundation for Communist ac-
tiyity among the nations
peasants. Other social laws
are so far unaffected by the
changeover.
On foreign affairs the junta
proclaimed itself In favor OF
friendly relations with ''occi-
dental democracies, " but de-
clared it would seek neither
friendly nor diplomatic rela-
tions with IRON Curtain cOun-
tries. Both Yugoslayia and
Spain would be considered
occidental democracies'' I'M
der the formula. the junta de-
cided.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11
u John w. Thompson. II.

Too bad about the bill for
4 family court.
It passed the Senate May ~
but was held up BY d move
for reconsideration ~ Senator
Gore. Democrat. Of Tennessee
acting for Senator McCaFraa,
Democrat. Of Nevada.
The Nevadan wanted to add
judges to u. S. District Court
for the District of Columbia
instead Of establishing q sep
arate family court. He was
sponsoring . bill to create a
number OF additional Federal
judges throughout the country,
including three III the District.
On being advised this measure
had no chance Of congress
sional action at this session,
he withdrew his opposition to
the family court bin Wednes-
day and it went to the House
too late for action there
this session. House leaders say.
- So
District department heads
have received instruction on
preparation Of quarterly re-
ports for the Commissioners
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11
Continued from Page AIS,

tContlnued from Page A-Z5o
good deal Of the ground from
under Senator Knowland.
Later In the week he agreed
to accept and support an ale
most meaningless congress
sional resolution asking the
President to let Congress know
II Red China ever did make
the grade.
So the showdown seemed
postponed at least until the
u. N. meets in the fall. At
that time. If Red China can
point to q reasonable settle
ment in Indo- China, there
will be q strong move to seat
her. But Americas opposition
and British reservations that
Red China must, show 1t has
a law abiding government
should make q Communist
victory difficult.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11


has to uproot their ties and
contacts with the West; she
destroys their literature. pub
fishes only Communist anti
Western newspapers and books,
! and spouts hatred and derision
over the government con-
trolled radio. Goebbels was q
flop compared to Communist
propagandiStS. Am orleans
would be shocked to hear the
charges hurled at them in one
month by the radio and press
behind the Iron Curtain.
In spite of the anti-Ameri-
can barrage Czechoslovaks
hold steadfast to their convic-
tions. It is not easy. They CAM
not do it alone as the Commu-
nists have removed all their
resources and it is all the
harder as they have already
been subjected to is years
of bondage first to the Nazis
and now to the Reds. It means
that young people Of Is
do not remember freedom.
1t is therefore essential that
the free world keep them in
formed on freedom and that it
find ways Ut countAracting the
poisonous effects Of Commu-
mist propaganda by giving truth
In place of Les. That is why
hroadcasting to countries be-
hind the Iron Curtain is so
important. especially for the
direct, quick reaction it cre-
ates.
Thus it was possible to in
form the people Of Czechoslo-
vakia last year Of the secret
revolutionary underground in
their midst It had come into
being in q number of districts
as a result Of the anti-regime
riots which had taken place
early in June 1853. It was the
American radios job to spread
the news Of the program so
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11
Guatemala
Things Simmer Down
AS Castillo Armus
Moves Into Control

Tension was eased In Qua
telnala at the end Of the
week as Col. Carlos Castillo
Arnas moved into control of
the shaky compromise junta
patched together in Ell Saliva
dor to end the civil war. Ner-
vousness, prevailing since the
present junta was formed with
the aid Of United States
Ambassador John Peurifoy,
reached a peak Wednesday
when Col. Castillo left the capi-
tai unexpectedly for a hur-
ried visit to his rebel army at
Chiquimula. The trip seemed
to verify reports that Castillo
Armas was sure to be unable to
reach an amicable agreement
with Col. Elfego Monzon. act
ing junta president, who has
been a member Of five succeed
Ing juntas Of the Red-tineed
Arbenz regime on June ~.
But the reports proved false
when Castillo returned In
peace, and Wednesday night
the junta announced his cleo
ton as provisional president of
Guatemala, and the reduction
Of the junta itself from FIVE
members to three: Castillo,
Col. Monzon and Maj. En-
riQuei Olivia, q Castillo Armas
supporter. The two resigning
members, 1t. Col. Luis Cruz
Salazar and 1t. Col. Mauricio
Dubois, said in q statement
I'VE promised we would retire
as soon as the overthrow of
communism had been accom-
plished and peace re-estab-
lished. Both detectives have
now been accomplished. !"
There were reports in Guate-
mala City that the two former
members would now get diplo-
matte posts.
Juils Are Filled
The roundup Of alleged
Communists continued at such
q pace that all the jails were
full to overcrowding, and con-
centration camps we're being
erected. More than 1000 Reds
had been arrested and special
police squads were continuing
the manhunt In a series Of
swift raids. Col. Monzon as
sured newslnen that each case
would get individual study BY
the Attorney General and said
he expected many to be re.
leased.
The higher-upS Of the Ar
benz regime, however. have so
far escaped the eager hands
Of the junta's police. Ex-
President Arbenz himself and
most of his top aides are still.
In asylum at the Mexican Ein-
bassy, and the, junta,s Foreign
Once has requested all en-
bassies granting asylum TO
political refugees to restrict
their activities. In 3 strongly
worded memorandum. the jun
To asked the embassies To end
the easy-going practice Of per-
hitting refugees To receive
visitors. send out money. pay
visits to their homes and chat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11
Metropolitan Scene
Me- orron- to Gore Squeeze Play
Blocks Bill for D. G. Family Court

that virtually say. s'Don't write
much, draw them q picture. |"
William zeckendorf. head Of
the New York f1f1n Of Webb
81 Knapp which wants to do
big things for Southwest re-
development, visited the White
House the other day, presurn-
ably to make q bid for admin
istration support Of the Auch-
incloss bill paving the way for
construction Of major Federal
buildings Ia the area.
It's the Zeckendorf plan that
contemplates q cultural CEN
ter in Southwest including an
opera house.
4M##
Leose-P Purchase Bin
Probably the most favorable
effect on the District Of the
pending lease-purchase bin. II
enacted. viii be elimination of
more temporary buildings.
Unless plans are changed,
General Services Administra-
zion Is thinking also about
completing the remaining half
of the the present State De-
partment Building on Virginia
avenue with some Of the
money provided under the bill.
Under the program. private
industry would construct
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11

icies IN Asia. The Red leader
strongly limited that peace was
possible in Indo- China only
on Wet Mini terms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11

Votes OF MlEylan0 ana VIZ
ginia legislators on major roll
calls July 8 through ?.
Senate
Amendment by Morse lind,
Ore.) to authorize Health, Ed
ucation, and welfare depart
ment to cooperate in setting
up d model vocational rehabil-
itation center in metropolitan
washington. to cost not more
than 81 million per year.
Agreed to, 44-41.
Fos; Byrd o.. ya.,, Robertson
], Assai - s.all a, Aa.s su'l.r
Passage Of vocational reha-
Initiation bill which would ex-
pand program BY providing
services to an estimated
$500 handicapped persona.
Passed, el-0.
Fafs BAaIl. butler, Robertson.
Net veting: BYRD.
House
Motion By Forand o.. r. II
10 expand and extend unem-
ployment benefits. Rejected.
1904.
Agaiusts sHyde 1R.. MO-. Small
e.. Md.ls BrOyhili tR., VAL, Smith
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11

M. ZsnkI formerly @os Deputy PHme
Minister Of czeehosIovokia and
Mayor Of Prague.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-11
Nearby Votes

Votes Of Maryland and Vir-
ginia legislators on major roll
calls July 8 through 3.
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1954-07-28
50 Year Dealer
Friend To All

When J. NJ. McGougan first emit
cred business thirty years ago his
electrical shop was the only one
in Tabor City. Although the Nc
Cougar Company can not still
claim to be the only electrical shop
in town it can still boast Of its
fine record of service to the people
of this area.
Mr.. McGCugan first began his
retail career by selling Delco light
plants and pumps. Electricity was
provided only for residents of
towns at that time and the rural
people relied on other means and
devices for lights and water.
The first electric refrigerator in
this area was sold by Mr.. McGou-
gan. 1t was constructed of wood
and was a product of Frigidaire.
Il have continued selling this
brand ever since and now have a
full line of Frigidaire appliances"
stated McGougan. He also is the
dealer for Delco water systems,
Maytag washers, commercial re-
frigcration, and air conditioning
equipment.
His primary aim in all sales and
service is to satisfy the customer
and to help him solve his prob
lens in every way possible.
Service is not limited to only
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1954-07-28
Prince Motor Co.
One 0f The Best

For four years Pridgen Street
has been graced with a modernis-
tic structure which houses the
Prince Motor Company. 1t is one
of the most attractive and we'll
equipped buildings of its kind
found anywhere in this vicinity.
The firm, which is the exclusive
dealer for Chevrolet and Odds
mobile in Tabor City, was begun
on July 26, 1914 when E. E. Prince
and j. B. Prince of Loris purchas-
ed the Fowler-Harrelson Com
pany, Inc.
Due to crowded conditions
which prevailed in the old Chev-
rolet Company's building, con-
struction of new structure began
in October, 1949, and was COM
pleted in May of 1850.
The new building contains TO-
600 square feet of floor space, de-
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1954-07-28
Gifts Galore
AT Cricket Shop

Nearly everyone who goes by
the Cricket Gift Shop either goes
in to browse around or pauses for
a few seconds to look at the num-
erous articles which catch the eye
from the street.
If it is an odd sort of gift or n
piece of crystal, china, or a piece
of brass from India you are lock-
ing for, you will more than likely
find it at the Cricket Gift Shop.
The Shop is owned and operated
by Mrs. Letha Butler of Tabor
City. She has been lifelong re-
sident of Columbus County and is
the daughter of the late John
George and Christiana Butler. She
is a member of the ST. Paul Meth
odist Church in Tabor City.
Mrs. Letha began her gift bust
ness in the fall of l949 with the
official opening on the Saturday
after Thanksgiving Day in 1949.
Mrs. Dorothy l.. Rice, a very
good friend, solicited Mrs. Buffers
interest in starting this kind OF
business in Tabor City. After re-
membering how hard il always
was TO get gifts Tor various occa-
sions such as weddings, showers,
birthdays or what have you. Mrs.
Letha finally persuaded herself to
give this type of business try.
1T was really quite struggle
for me to make up my mind TO
take such a step due to the size
of the town; thinking OF course.
that the town was too small TO
support such an enterprise" re-
lated the owner.
Mrs. Lotha opened with caution
ard had only a small amount of
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1954-07-28

F~eS 80 D&1s AA8s~Ao u
ne services any make or moiei.
obtaining parts from the factory II
necessary.
A complete line Of stock is kept
in his store at all times in order
to be able to show customers the
exact model which will meet their
requirements.
In l948, in order to keep abreast
with the towns progress and his
rapidly increasing volume of bust
ness, new place of business was
built on Pridgen Street. This
building is located next to the
postoffice and has a floor space of
5000 square feet. At the same
time of this expansion. the COM
pany in which J. Nj. McGougan
had previously been sole Owner,
was incorporated with ]. c. Bell,
Jr., as general sales manager and
Cecil Mercer as manager of the
service department.
The company has a personnel of
eight capable people, all of whom
are skilled in their service and are
keenly interested in maintaining
the reputation which the firm has
earned.