davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21

umes will have been forgotten
and will probably have gone out
of print. That is to say, they can
be expected to suffer the more
or less inevitable fate of Jour
nalism as opposed to literature
In quotes.
This is not to imply, however,
that Whitaker Chambers Wit
ness" is necessarily better IN ev-
cry respect than the autobIogra-
phies of the many other ex-con1-
munists who have recently tried
their hand at analyzlng the ma
ture of the communist menace.
On the contrary. it might well be
argued. with all due respect to
Mr.. Chambers admittedly su-
perior literary talents, that the
people of the next generation
as well as those of our own gen
eration-will be making a SER
ious mistake if they restrict their
study of the contemporary COM
munist menace to witness" or
any other single volume.
In the interest of rounding out
their understanding of a very
complicated subject, they will
want to check some of MIR. Cham
bers. highly personalized conclu-
sions against the conflicting opin-
ions of other equally sincere and
knowledgeable ex communists
who have approached the, sub
iect autobiogaphically from a
somewhat different point of view.
a Partial Corrective
In the opinion of the present
writer, one recent volume IN par
ticular ought to be studied by
our own and by succeeding gen
erations as a partial corrective to
some of the more controversial
opinions expressed by Mr.. Cham
bers. This particular volume
published at the end of April by
The Viking Press Is Where We
Came Out" by Granville Hicks. A
member of the Communist Party
from 1885 to 1889 and since that
time literary editor of the vigor-
ously anti-communist New Lead
er. Mr.. Hicks has played a sig
nificant role in combating the
communist menace at home and
abroad.
There IS spiritual undertone
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21
WASHENGTON LETTER

WASHINGTON-Press reports
from the Geneva Conference con-
tinue to confirm and deepen the
pessimism that marked official
and unofficial opinion in this
country even before the sessions
in Switzerland opened.
In the light of past experien-
ces with the masters of commun-
isl Imperialism, there was, no
doubt, ample justification for
expecting nothing fruitful and
constructive from the Geneva ses-
sions-barring complete reyer-
sal of Moscow'S attitude, which
was most definitely mot in the
cards"
Looked upon in this way, the
developments al Geneva should
have offered no cause for sur
prise or dismay at something ut
terly unexpected. On the con-
trary, one might have expected
these events to solidify American
public opinion In firm support
of a clear-cut foreign policy de-
signed 10 cope with Moscow'S
schemes and ambitions.
However, even the most cas-
ual observer of the scene must
note that neither this country's
public opinion nor its foreign
policy regarding the Geneva Con.
ference are marked for firmness
and detisiyeness.
There appears to be rather
steadily rising, indefinable sense
of uncertainty whether the Gus
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21

tomary world picture-commun-
ism. led by Moscow, on one side,
and the free world. led by Wash.
ington, on the other cores.
ponds TO reality. There are in
creaSing questions whether, pos
sibly, there might be other fac
tors complicating what at first
sight looks like a very simple
equation. There are gnawing
doubts whether the press re-
ports creating and feeding pub
lie opinion give q complete pic
ture or merely a earlcature of
the truth.
Faced with such a state of
mind, a letter from an American
who has spent many years In Eu-
rope and is at present in Geneva
may serve to indicate some Of
the reasons contributing to the
increasing doubts and uncertain
ties IN American opinion.
The writer Of this letter is we'll
aware of the danger of generaliz-
ing personal views and impress
sions. Yet. he states il is as his
firm opinion that European
minds, including those of per-
sons prominent in religious life,
simply disbelieve the American
thesis that the free world must
make sacrifices in order to
mount military defense against
international communism.
He makes the assertion-which
will be startling to many Amer
leans but has been made before
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21

thousands of letters TO senators,
congressman, and the White
House. These communications,
which public officials in Wash
ington do not often recognize as
Communist-inspired, have one
major theme: the surrender of
the United States at Geneva.
On April 26, the Daily Work
er commanded all Communists
10 move 'other Americans IN
this direction. ordering that mes
sages be sent to Washington de-
manding peace in Indo-China
and recognition OF the Mao Tse-
tung regime in China. I'VE must
insist" said the Daily worker,
that these messages be sent ito
the White House and 10 every
Congressman and Senator. "
Even More RepuIsive
The big argument to be spread
through the American commun-
ity. in order TO induce these let
tiers and kilograms. is that the
lives of our boys are involved.
This is audacious when we con-
slider how the Reds in Asia have
not only killed but brutally MAIN
ed and massacred our young men
in Korea. II is eoen more re-
patlSlge tn thar this counsel OF
surrender icill lead to the death
IN future conflicts of hundreds
of thousands of our young men.
In the Soviet dictatorship We
are dealing with an enemy which
is driven forward by its own
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21

photography is
probably the
only one of any
permanent lit
erary value
the only one
which will be
on the reading
list of colleges
and universe
Ties q ReLleF a.
tion h en- e.
Within a rela
tively few years
the other vol
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21

full advantage
of this politi
cal palsy which
has struck
W as h n gton
MalenkovS fol
lowers hsv e
h it h o m e
against The
United States
through hun
dreds of tele
gram a n d
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21

OF all the many books written
by ex-communists in the United
States during the past 10 or Is
years, Whitaker Chambers au-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21

While Congress has been
brought to a standstill in learn
ing anything about subverSlon,
the Soviet fifth column has taken
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21
Just Among Ourselves
Passing Comment eon.id.r.s or Ineon.id.r.t.

Look presents the views of Dr. James H. Mich
OILS on What Disturbs Protestants About Ca
tholics." In the next issue, under date of May
25, Mr.. John Cogley of Comntonwedl will pre-
sent a Catholics views"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21

There is an emo error, implied and
outSpoken, under any such discussion as this
one. 1t is error of supposing that Catholicity
and Professionalism are two varieties of Chris
tianity, roughly par, and capable of being
modified in practice as to achieve generally
pleasing compromise.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1954-05-21

The instructed Catholic knows that his
Church. despite all the instances of unworthi-
ness (some real, more fictionaD in those who
are TO represent the Church, lay and clerical,
is the only Christian Church there is.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

trio refrigerators, and other mod,
ern convenienceS.
However, Mr.. Mitchell states that
all Of the farmers are not doing
well. Some are failing for a va
riety of reasons. The principal
ones, he thinks, are: o. failure to
adopt modern practices, (2) slow
ness in developing pastures and
adding livestock, CD planting poor
varieties Of corn and other crops,
(4) taking chances and letting in
sects and diseases claim a size
able share Of their products, and
(5) lack Of adequate credit re-
sources to expand their operations
into a sound economic unit.
Looking to the future, the ma
tional leader sees increased oppor-
tunities for some of these farmers
in 1854 when cotton acreage allot-
ments will enable them to develop
diversified farming program.
Although reducing the cotton
acreage, he says, may mean that
some of the sharecroppers and
tenants will no longer be needed
on the farm, others may have more
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

ders Of Quincy, Fla, he said The
All Club boy took first place
recently in the junior division of
the Gadsden County Fair with q
Duroc pig he bought from Florida
A. & NJ. University and fattened
into a prize winner. Solomon won
out over both white and colored
Alters.
Or Mr.. Mitchell points to Az
year-old Theodore Jackson Of St.
Joseph, La, who is said to be the
best poultry farmer in his county.
He collects as many as 240 dozen
eggs a week from his $50 White
Leghorns.
But the kind Of progress that
imDresses the national leader most
is the increased evidence of bet
ter living which results from quail
ity farming. On a recent tour Of
areas of North Carolina, Georgia,
Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas,
Missouri, and Tennessee, he says
he observed better farm homes
than he had ever seen before in
that region. Many of the homes
he saw had running water. cleo
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

opportunity to get started on their
own by raising livestock feed on
acres taken out Of cotton. He points
out that when troopers plant all
OF their acres to cotton, they are
not able to raise feed for prespec
tive workstock which they MAJ
acquire. And without his own work
stock, a cropper has a slim chance
Of ever climbing up the ladder to
farm ownership, he says.
In addition to increased oppor-
tunities for diversification, Mr..
Mitchell expects colored farmers to
receive better assistance from apri-
cultural extension agents next wear.
as more and more of these work
ers take advanced training, and as
their equipment and facilities are
improved.
He points to $4,000 library
and extension building for Negro
agents which was dedicated recent
ly in Salisbury, N. c., and to the
establishment of the Maryland Ne
gro State extension office at the
University Of Maryland.
And other states, he says, are
making marked improvements, too.
All these, together with stable
farm prices, will make 1854 a pref
ty good year for Negro farmers,
Mr.. Mitchell predicts.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02
Annual March -.
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One)
pollo-fighting programs of the
National Foundation for Infantile
Paralysis-a non-profit organiza-
ton founded in 1888. The National
Foundation has a small staff of
paid personnel in New York and is
done by an army or hundreds of
thousands of volunteers who raise
the funds and man the 300 county
chapters from coast to coast. With
out the volunteer there would be no
National Foundation. This is their
organization; built with their hands
and hearts.
Funds raised in the annual
March Of Dimes have in the past
Dee h+woan the
chapter raising them and national
headquarters, wi h the chapter
using it's share for its polio patient
aid program and for use elsewhere
as needed. Headquarters funds are
used for Research, Professional
Education and for emergency Pa
tent Aid to chapters hard-hit by
polio.
In 1854, the cost of the Fourth
Front against polio-Polio Proven
on will amount to S26,500,000.
nT r -aa r.s.s Of he Vaccine
L ais ana i triPlel supply Of gam
ma globulin, one-third Of the net
receipts from the March of Dimes
will be initially sent to headquar-
ters and then the remainder divided
$3.50 as before A total of $75,-
100000 is needed in the 1854 March
of Dimes to sustain all four pro-
grams.
MARCH OF DIMES SERVICES
l. Patient Aid Program
Since 1888 the March of Dimes
has directly aided 100000 polio
patients roughly four out of every
five cases. This aid has paid for
hospital bills, doctor bills, nursing
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

care physical therapy treatments,
hrances. wheel chairs, orthopedic
-r0r0tions an1 other rehabilitation
This aid is oiven to any
clio patient who cannot finance
such costs without undue financial
sacrifice.
Each year, in addition to giving
did to new polio patients, the March
Of Dimes must take care of an in
creasing backlog of "old" cases still
requiring assistance. In 1853, co.
600 such patients were aided and
an estimated $4,000 "old" patients
will be carried over into 1854. Some
patients still on chapter rosters
were stricken by polio as long as
so years ago. New rehabilitation
techniques are constantly being de-
veloped by March of Dimes medical
guarantees so there is increasing
hope for the long-term patient to
be further rehabilitated.
2. Research
The goal of the March of Dimes
has always been to wipe out polio
- crinnler Of children and adults.
7'' e Dimes research grantees
h"~e made medical history in the
last 16 years. Since 1888, $20,50O,-
900 has been allocated for research
to reach the goal Of defeating polio.
Over 200 grants have been made to
113 institutions from coast to coast.
March Of Dimes funds paid for
the research that Identified the
three polio viruses-Lansingt Leon
and Brunhilde. The same funds
financed the research that dis
covered that the virus could be
grown on non-nervous tissue in test
tubes. This opened the door to the
development and testing of a trial
vaccine by DR.. Jonas E. Salk, a
March Of Dimes grantee.
3. Professional Education
To provide the skilled hands and
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02
Trend Towards.
Continued from Page One)

in terms of numbers" he said,
pointing out that over 10000,
or a fifth Of the colored farmers
of the South, moved to town be-
tween 1910 and 1850, compared
with a 10 percent shift among
white farmers of that region. And
he said he thinks the movement
from the farm to town is con-
tinuing at high rate.
But he thinks the shift in the
farm operator population is not
disadvantageous, since many find
good jobs in town and are able
to raise their standard Of living.
Likewise, those who have remained
on the land have improved the
quality Of their farming and raised
their level of living.
The national leader said that
Increasingly he has observed that
colo}ed farmers are difersifying
tho'r topping program, adding
Nou .rr, hogs, and cattle, and de-
clipping pastures and building wat
ering and fishing ponds. And he
pointed out that these farmers are
increasing their yields by taking
better care of their land, using
commercial fertilizer, selecting bet
ter seed and better breeds Of live
stock, and by protecting their crops
and animals from insects and di-
seases.
Negro farmers, he asserted, are
increasing t h cir efficiency and
making up for their labor shortage
by buying tractors. at all adds up
to higher quality farming which is
nowhere more evident than at coun-
ty fairs" Mr.. Mitchell declared.
Take 10-year-old Solomon San
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

welt, of both the Georgia Warm
Springs Foundation and the Ma
tional Foundation. Symbol of the
1854 March of Dimes is Debby
Dams, 4-year-old Gooding, Idaho
boy whose picture appears on all
campaign material. Like countless
other polio victims, he is being
aided by the National Foundation.
The 1854 March of Dimes cam
paign theme is: HELP NOW
RESEARCH WILL WIN.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

Kinds to care for the ever-increas-
ing number of polio patients, the
March Of Dimes has financed the
large program of assistance for
the training Of professional person
mel in the medical and related
fields. Since 1888. $16,200,000 has
been spent for BAT grants to 81
professional training institutions
and for 4,145 individual scholar
ships and fellowships. One third
of the registered physical thera-
pists in the country have been
trained under March of Dimes
scholarships. This program also
provides training for personnel
entering the research field. The
men and women trained under this
program enrich the whole field of
medicine and public health.
4. Polio Prevention The
Fourth Front
A VACCINE = The announce
ment in November that the Ma
t.onal Foundation would start field
trials of vaccine developed
through March of Dimes grants
brought new hope to the PARENTS
If America. Starting the week
of Feb. 8, some 100000 OF 1,OOO,-
900 second grade school children
in 200 or more scientifioallT Co
lected counties will receive shots
Of q trial vaccine that may prove
1ective against paralytic polio.
laboratory tests and preliminary
human studies provide the basis
IF hope for success.
In almost every community in
the country dramatic examples can
De found of how the March of
Dimes has aided local polio patients
make comeback. Such stories
are found by contracting the local
Chapter Chairman.
The 1854 March of Dimes is be-
ing led, for the 18th consecutive
year, by Basil O'Connor. president
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02
ScoveI
Continued from Page One)

TCOntlnued from Page OneJ
79-year history.
The vote on Richardson's appli-
cation was approved almost with
out discussion, but a secret ballot
was taken after a few scattered
mo" votes were heard in a voice
vote.
The associations parliamentary
ian, Howard Elliot, ruled that the
voice vote had been sufficient for
approval, but his decision was chal-
lenged. Lon Hooker, president Of
the association, directed a secret
ballot be taken.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

SKFEE
wi his Years
AboeEd r(cnte
n
Company Herb Susan
L. DAY Coa-Cd
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

The 1854 March of Dimes is be-
ing led, for the 18th consecutive
year, by Basil O'Connor, president
of the National Foundation for In
fantile Paralysis and co-founder,
with the late Franklin D. Roose-
Evening star., 1954-01-15
D. c. Soft Drink Firms
Must Pay Use Tax
As Ruling Is Reversed

Five local soft drink firms
must pay the Districts use tax
on their bottles and cases. the
United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia
ruled yesterday.
The appellate court reversed
an earlier ruling by District Tax
Court Judge 10 v. Morgan ex-
empting the companies. Judge
Morgan held the concerns did
not have to pay the $12,349 in
volved.
The Tax Court asserted the
bottles and cases were bought
for resale to retailers. How
ever. the Court of Appeals found
no sale of bottles and cases to
retailers was made by the soft
drink companies in the normal
course Of their business.
The "use tax" is a 2 per cent
levy on the purchase price of
items imported here for use in
business. Articles imported for
manufacture here and resold are
exempt.
The firms affected were:
Seven-Up Washington. Inc: DR..
Pepper Bottling Co. of Wash
ington, Inc: Pepsi-Cola Bottling
Co. Of Washington. Barq's Bot
tling Co. and the Rock Greek
Ginger Ale Co.. Inc.
Evening star., 1954-01-15

the Washington Real Estate
Board, and James H.s Simon,
president of Simon Distributing
Co., were added to the Riggs Ad-
visory Board Of the Branches as
a board meeting yesterday.
Six members Of the Riggs staff
also were promoted. They in
cluded:
Richard w. Brown and A.
Perry Hall. both formerly as
sistant cashiers, were named as
siStant vice presidents.
John F. Christian was reap
pointed assistant manager of the
Friendship branch and promoted
to assistant cashier.
A. Stanley Wolfe was reap
pointed assistant manager Of the
Seventh street branch and pro-
NOTED to assistant cashier.
James e. LunSon was elected
assistant cashier and Edward A.
Mitchell. jr.. was named assistant
trust officer.
Evening star., 1954-01-15

Of extensive remodeling opera
tions and an increase in interest
paid on savings accounts.
Net income amounted to ST.
-602. 1854 or $32.05 a share after
taxes. compared with $1,701, 1876
or. $34.02 a share in 1852. Taxes
were equal to 1881 a share VS..
$3l.49 a share in the previous
year.
Capital, surplus, undivided
profits and reserves for con-
tingencies set a new record of
$21 ,064 .926 at the close of 1858,
a gain Of $738.251 during the
year.
Daily average of deposits for
1858 was $342.708,157 VS.. $342.-
491 1922 in 1852.
Loans and discounts outStand-
ing averaged more than $100
million and the bank now has
lila stockholders with an aver
age Of 44.88 shares each.
Trust assets at the end Of
1858 reached a record $107,821,- =
1913, gain of more than $14 mil
lion from a year earlier.
Added to Advisory Board.
Edward r. Carr, well-known
realtor and a past president of
Evening star., 1954-01-15
Chicago Livestock

CHICAGO. Jan. Is tE1 tUSDA).--
Hogs, $500; moderately active; BUTCH
ers and sows. .25-5O higher: most choice
lS0-230-pound butchers, 25.60-26. %;
top 1880 sparingly; 240-270 pounds,
"a. 75-25.5 so. with few 240 pounds and
slightly heavier. .25. rs; 2sO-S2O pounds.
e. .00-24 70; bulk choice, 360-650-pound
Salable cattle. 1.000:. calves. 200
fairly active and mostly steady clean-up
trade on all classes and represented
grades; high choice and prime cattle
lacking and so per cent Of small-run
cows; few sales commercial and good
steers and mixed yearlings. 17.0O-22 90;
short load light utility steers. 1900;
o load Of choice 1,000-pound fed heif-
ers,. $780, some good to low choice
hei,fers. l,s,.. 1s;50-sl 90; odds and ends
utility and commercial cows. ii.O0,
1900; high commercial cows quoted up
100; utility to low commercial bulls,
la50-15.00; a few choice and prime
choice. 1s;00-2S.O0: Gull and utility.
12.00-17 90.
Evening star., 1954-01-15

expenditures will be undertaken
promptly and will be somewhat
of an Offset to the housing de-
cline, he said. The program has
been approved by the District
Commissioners and the Budget
Bureau.
Activity here was at a high
level in the last year, but reduc-
tions in Government personnel
curtailed buying power. he re-
ported. The reductions are ex-
pected to end within a few
months, he said.
Net Of Moderately.
Riggs Nationals net income
was off moderately in the year,
but capital funds reached a new
high mark, Mr.. Fleming reported.
Mr.. Fleming attributed the de-
cline to higher taxes, the expense
Evening star., 1954-01-15
New York Produce

NEW YORK. Jan. Is N CUSDA).-
Butter steady. Receipts 55S,754. Prices
unchanged
Cheese unsettled. Receipts 90 tco).
Prices UNCHANGED.
Wholesale egg prices we're full steady
to firm. Receipts 1B.S5S
Spot Observation-Disclosures mixed
colors; extra (4s-50 poundsl. 49-50;
extras medium. 46-47; smalls, 43-45;
standards large. 46-47; current receipts
rehandled, .45h-46;. dirties. 44-45;
pounds). 49-5Oh extras large 1855
pounds, 1910; extras medium, 471a-4S.
Browns; extra (4S-50 pounds). 49,
50M; extras large (45-48 pounds), 47h-
49H2; extras medium. 46l2-47.
Nearby: whites; top quality (4S-5O
pounds. 5la-53; mediums. 4S-4Sh;
Smalls, 44-45.
Evening star., 1954-01-15

years as manager of Logan
Co. formed a partnership with
Mr.. Taylor to operate a Stude-
baker leadership.
Mr.. Taylor came here about
20 years ago and prior to the
partnership was in the auto
business in both Cumberland
and Washington.
More Shores Planned
Plans for an additional 100000
shares of Atomic Development
Mutual Fund, Inc, were filed yes
terday for registration with the
Securities and Exchange Com
mission.
OF the recent initial issue of
100000 shares, $4,000 are now
outstanding in the hands of
about 500 stockholders in IL
States. 4
Evening star., 1954-01-15

y e a r, PreSl-
dent E. K.
M orris told
the ann u a !
S t o ckholders
m e e ting to-
day.
Mr.. Morris
reported that
while business
e x pane d e d,
accounts re-
ceiv a Bile de-
creased 6 per
cent and COM
mented that
this indicated