davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-09-16
Noyes
Continued From First Page.)

eign Minister Anthony Eden took
off this week on his tour of
western European capitals, he
was acting in response to a wide
spread feeling that British states
manship offered the best chance
of salvaging something worth
while from the wreckage of the
European Defense Community.
1t was generally felt here that
Mr.. Dulles, after his monumental
setback on EDO. approved Mr..
Eden's effort.
Now, at the climax of Mr..
Eden's trip, Secretary Dulles has
arrived in Europe. The immedi-
ate effect of his coming is to steal
most of the thunder from the
highly critical talks in progress
here between the British Foreign
Minister and French Premier
Mendes-France. But far more
serious than that is the fear that
Mr.. Dulles-intentionally or not
may effectively upset the apple
cart that Mr.. Eden has been so
diligently constructing.
The British plan seems to be
to set up Western European re-
gional security system based on
the Brussels Treaty of 1948 to
which West Germany would be
admitted as an equal partner.
The result would be restoration
OF German sovereignty and even-
tual rearmament of that country
within NATO.
Although the all-important re-
action of the French govern
ment to this scheme is still
unknown. Mr.. Eden is reported
to have had an enthusiastic re-
ception in other Western Euro
pean capitals. Admitting that
the talks were still in the ex-
ploratory stage, observers here
were cautiously warming up to
the idea that a genuine alter
native solution" to the EDO was
actually in the process of de-
velopment.
Inevitably Mr.. Dulles arrival
at this precise moment adds a
confusing and disturbing ele-
ment to this picture. If nothing
else the pointed omission of
France from his itinerary can
have no other effect than to
arouse resentment and antag-
onism.
French press reaction today is
universally bitter and the WASH
ington explanation that Mr..
Dulles is in too much of q hurry
to stop in Paris is considered
here as nothing more than a
calculated insult. London pa
pers also were critical.
The question Is why Secretary
Dulles chose this moment to
take a. Swipe at France. Rufling
French feathers is, to be sure,
a popular and perhaps justified
pastime these days. But unless
the majority of observers here
are mistaken, it is not one that
is calculated to help along de-
velopment of a new security
system which requires French
cooperation.
Evening star., 1954-09-16
Religious Sects Hit
Both Sides in Row
Of Wet Nam Leaders
Bythe A.soeioted Pres,

SAIGON, Indo-China, Sept.
16.-Viet Mans three most pow
erful religious sects denounced
both sides today in the squabble
between Premier Ngo Mini Diem
and his army chief of staff and
called for a new government.
The sects-the Gao Daists.
Hoa Haoh and Binh Xuyen-
issued a statement condemning
the friction caused by Mr.. Diem's
attempts to get rid of Gen.
Nguyen Mini. They charged the
current regime does not truly
represent the Wet Namese peo-
pie.
The three orders represent
nearly five million of South Wet
Mans IL million people and
have the backing of some $4,000
armed troops of their own.
Gen. Hinh, meanwhile said
he and Mr.. Diem have reached
an agreement which has averted
the threat of an army coup in
South Wet Nam. Under the pact
the general repeatedly will:
Keep his army title, designate
his temporary successor and
choose the date of his departure
for France as demanded by
Diem.
Repeatedly Gen. Hinh, who or
iginaly was ordered to leave i'm
mediately for France ION a study
mission" will not go for some
time because of the reorganiza-
ton of the Wet Namese army
now going on.
Evening star., 1954-09-16
Shivers Agrees
To Be Himself
ForHoHywood
BY the Associoted Press

AUSTIN, Tex, Sept. 16.-
Gov. Allan Shivers of Texas is
going to play himself in movie
about Texas oil boom town.
The tall, dark and handsome
Governor, recently was renom-
inated-equivalent to election
in usually heavily-Democratic
Texas-for a tradition-breaking
third term. He will appear in
the Pine Thomas production of
Lucy Gallant"
Others in the film are Jane
Wyman, Charlton Heston, Claire
Trevor and Thelma Ritter.
Gov. Shivers and his family
plan to leave Saturday by train
for San Francisco and a Today
California vacation.
Evening star., 1954-09-16
Jack Benny's Tax Case
Against U. 5. Opens Today
BY the Associoied Press

LOS ANGELES, Sept. 16.-
Jack Benney's capital gains case
against the Internal Revenue
Service was scheduled to come
before the United States Tax
Court today for trial.
The comedian and his wife
Mary are appealing the COM
missioner's decision that the
entertainer should have paid
income tax on money received
from the sale of stock in Amuse-
ment Enterprises, Inc, to CHS
and Columbia Records in 1948.
This case marks the first chal-
lenge by the Government of a
capital gains deal involving the
sale of services of an entertainer.
Evening star., 1954-09-16
Nehru Backs Bill 10 Grant
Divorce by Mutual Consent
BY the Assoeioted Press

NEW DELHI, India, Sept. Is.
Prime Minister Nehru gave his
support today to proposal for
a law permitting divorce by mu-
tual consent.
He told parliament: II am
absolutely convinced that by
bringing in divorce you make for
happier marriage normally"
He added that while he agreed
that a reason for divorce was that
two persons cannot continue live
together in peace and amity. "at
the same time one should allow
time for reconciliation and all
that"
II welcome therefore, the
amendment which gives a years
time diving apart before di-
vorce is possible)
The divorce bill is still under
debate in parliament.
Evening star., 1954-09-16
Several 5-Year Plans
In Store for China,
Mao Tells Congress
Rx The A.soeiatsd Pres.

TOKYO. Sept. 16. - Red
China's National Peoples Con-
gress convened yesterday and
was told by Communist boss Mao
Tse-Tung that it will take.sever-
al five-year plans to industrialize
the country.
A, Pieping broadcast said l.
141 delegates applauded almost
every sentence of Macs keynote
address.
Mao, chairman of the Central
Peoples Council, urged tn e
populace of Red China to:
"Work hard, adopt the ad-
vanced experiences of the Soviet
Union and of other brother
countries. be honest and modest.
earnest and industrious, en-
courage and help each other,
guard against conceit and arro-
gance and be prepared in the
course of several five-year plans
to turn our country, at present
economically and culturally
backward. into a great industri-
allied country with a high stand
ard of modern culture"
Mao said one important task
of the session will 'be to adopt
the new constitution, which will
greatly advance our country's
Socialist power"
The Peiping speech text made
no mention of foreign policy and
Red China's desire for a United
Nations seat. except to quote
Mao as saying, Our general task
is to unite the people of the
whole country, to win the sup
port of our friends in all nations,
to strive to build a great Socialist
state and to pledge ourselves to
defend peace between nations
and to further the cause of hui
man progress"
Evening star., 1954-09-16
GoIfbuII Loser Wins

When a seagull swooped and
swallowed a golf ball on the
Flamborough Head golf course in
England, players agreed another
ball could be dropped without
penalty. The player who lost
the ball won the hole.
Evening star., 1954-09-16
Little Evidence Found
OF Red Subversion at
Antioch, Probers Say
BY the Assoeioied Press

DAYTON, Ohio, Sept. ia
Congressional investigating COM
mittee says it has turned up less
concrete evidence of subversion
at traditionally liberal Antioch
College than it had been led to
believe existed.
The three-man subcommittee
of the House Un-American Ac-
tivities Committee had received
many reports of widespread
Communistic activity in the
Dayton area and at nearby Yel-
low Springs - seat of the 49,
year-old college.
But, after the three-day hear
ing ended yesterday, committee
sources said their investigation
showed nothing conclusive about
the school.
Three witnesses said they had
been members of Marxist study
groups" there but later quit the
party.
Professor Testifies.
Prof. Robert M. Metcalf said
he belonged briefly in 1896 to a
study group made up of about
10 members of the Antioch fac
ulty and townspeoplee. Mr.. Met
calf, a stained-glass artist. has
been a professor at Antioch since
1945. Other witnesses testified
there was study group made up
of about seven or eight students.
Mr.. Metcalf said he believes
there hasn't been a group on the
campus like the one he belonged
to since 1916.
The two former students who
said they were members of study
groups at Antioch and Commu-
mist Party members in postgrad-
uate days are Mr.. and Mrs. John
Ober. now of Chagrin Falls. Ohio.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ober testified
the student group at Antioch
actually was a part of the Young
Communist League. Mr.. Ober
is a former Air Force major; Mrs.
Ober is a former organizer for
the United Electrical Workers
Union, which was kicked out of
the CIO for reputed left-wing
leanings.
Mr.. Ober, now a lawyer, said
the student study group was "en-
tirely open-advertiSed as such
and never conducted in any
other way" But both he and
his wife testified it was super
vised, run and operated by one
Herbert Reed, an out-of-town
man who had no connection with
Antioch"
Named by Ex-FBI Agent.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ober and "a
others were identified as Com
munists during the first day of
the hearing by Arthur Strunk,
Dayton, former FBI agent inside
Communist ranks.
The colleges attitude toward
Mr.. Metcalf is to be pubiiciZed
today. Samuel B. Gould. college
president, said he would release
a statement on the professors
status on the faculty 'in the
light of his testimony before the
committee hearing"
Regarding the Obers' testi-
mony, President Gould said:
Antioch College believes firm
ly in the principle Of free in
quiry. We do not however sub
scribe to the idea that individ-
uals outside the community
should direct students in such in
quiries without our invitation.
We believe in the right of stu
dents to examine various pollti-
cal ideas and philosophers under
direction of competen. faculty
members selected by The college.
Faculty members and adminis-
tration officials who we're pres
ent in the period of which the
Obers spoke did not know Her.
bert Reed, did not know he was
appearing on our campus"
Evening star., 1954-09-16

yellow bruises on the legs and
arms Of her 3-year-old son and
said the Wet Mini had tried to
wrest him from her arms when
she boarded a refugee river boat
near Phat Diem.
At Haiduong, a white-b bearded
village chief said scores of fami-
lies from his village northwest
of That Binh abandoned fight
when Wet Mimi soldiers grabbed
children and forcibly dragged
them back to the village.
At a camp near Haiphong,
three lean and leathery ancients
said the 68-year-old priest lead
Evening star., 1954-09-16
By Forrest Edwords

Associated Press Foreisn Correspondent
HANOI, Indo- China (Mon-
day.. Sept. 13.-Roman Catholic
refugees in three different camps
told today Of repeated attempts
by the Wet Mini to stop their
fight to freedom. Thousands of
others, they said. are still held
against their will under Com
munist domination in the lower
half of the Red River Delta.
At Hanoi, a young Wet Namese
mother pointed to purplish
Evening star., 1954-09-16

This dispatch on Wet Mons refugee
problem was delayed in tronsit from
Honoi. where censorship and re-
stneted communications ore common
hoxords to news copy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-12

the beam is reflected off the
clouds back to q photoelectric
cell which triggers a calculator
which does a little triangula-
ton and figures the height of
the clouds.
Measure Water vopor
Another device, almost per-
fected. will do the hitherto
impossible job Of measuring
precisely the amount Of water
vapor in the air-automati-
cally. continuously and at any
temperature.
knowledge of the water
content Of the air is essential
in figuring dewpoints, which,
in turn, is essential in pre-
dieting the weather. The pres
ent system of whirling wet
and dry bulb thermometers in
the air is tedious and, at low
temperature, Is inaccurate.
The new device, called the
infra-red absorption hygro-
meter, runs samples Of air
through a beam Of infra-fed
light. The water vapor alb
serbs some Of the light-the
amount absorbed indicating
the quantity Of water in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-12

are well within striking range
Of such Russian centers as
Odessa 1,400 miles away and
Moscow (2,000 miles distant).
It's sole value as a defense In
stallation is its deterrent effect
on any possible Soviet offen-
sive move.
Last week in Benghazi,
United States and Libyan ON
cials signed q 16.year "lease"
on Wheelus. The agreement
gives the United States use Of
the field until December "a,
1870. In return, the United
States will furnish hungry and
underdeveloped Libya a maxi
mum Of $4,000 tons of grain
before next June and $42 mil
lion worth of economic aid
during the term Of the "lease."
One Of the economic projects
to be undertaken will interest
students of current affairs and
antiquities alike. Part of the
$40 million aid grant appar-
emily will enable Libya to re-
build and extend an aqueduct
system originally built by the
ancient Romans.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-12

proceedings. He said that in
his opinion the two and one
quarter page document was
not officially classified" and
therefore could be released to
the public. He denied he had
given copies of the document
to newSmen.
lowton Returns
Gen. Lawton returned to the
witness stand after the De-
tense Department had "clari-
fed" it's restrictions on his
testimony. He was not to talk
about high policy, the Penta-
gon said, but could relate
details of the Lawton-Zwicker
conversation If he wanted.
The general told the COM
mittee that in his talk with
Gen. Zwicker he had gained
the impression that Gen.
Zwicker was hostile to SEN
ator Mccarthy. But he didn't
recall any specific statements.
The hearings recessed yes
terday after Chairman Wat
kins said he hoped all testi-
mony could be. completed
tomorrow. There seemed to
be only odds and ends to be
cleared up.
The group then will study
the testimony and the docu-
ments to decide il Senator
Mccarthy deserves a recon-
mendation of q Senate vote
of cenSure.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-12

stances where other Senators
had received security infor-
nation informally" from the
executive branch. Chairman
Watkins ruled that the COM
mittee had neither the time
nor the mandate to investi-
gate other Senators.
And Maj. Gen. Kirke B.
Lawton was stopped by Army
advice from testifying for
Senator Mccarthy regarding
a conversation he had had
with Gen. Zwicker. He testi-
fed he had been told a presi-
Dental directive kept him
from speaking up on the
wicker issue.
Senator Mccarthy protested
vigorously both roadblocks.
He said they destroyed his
chance of refuting charges
made against him.
The Mccarthy side finished
its direct testimony Friday,
and the committee then turned
to croSS-examination.
Cross-examinations and re-
buttal witnesses enlivened the
hearings Friday and Saturday.
Opinion Of wicker
The committee counsel tried
to pin Senator Mccarthy down
on his precise opinion Of Gen.
Zwicker. 1t developed that
the Senator had not accused
the general Of being untruth-
full, merely Of "misstating the
facts" and Of telling three
contradictory stories" It was
also brought out that Gen.
zwicker had cited a presiden-
tial order which kept him from
answering all questions of the
Mccarthy committee.
In other action, Senator
Carl Hayden, Democrat, of
Arizona defended the legality
of the 1852 committee probing
Senator Mccarthy. And Sem
ator Mccarthy himself testi-
fled he had perfect right" to
call Senator Ralph Flanders.
Republican, Of Vermont "se-
nile" after what Senator Elan
ders had said about him.
Roy Cohn, former chief
counsel of the Mccarthy Com
nittee, took the stand last
week, but added little to the
& 4 + i
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-12

air.
It is so sensitive the needle
will move when q person walks
into the room where it is being
tested.
When the machines are In
stalled around the continent,
forecasters for the first time
viii get fast, reliable hui
Nudity reports from north
ern stations in winter time.
The Inconsistencies
An instrument will even take
the place of the observer who
looks out the window and de-
cides If it is clear or hazy.
Another beams of light gadget,
called q transmiSsometer, will
do it neatly and accurately by
recording the amount Of light
lost travelling between two fixed
points.
1t is not enough, Of course.
for the robot station to gather
the information. It also must
record it and then transmit it
over a teletype circuit to CEN
trail offices. And 1t, must be
able to send up-to-the- second
information at regular inter-
walls or Immediately when ever
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-12

Despite the two handicaps
of cramped laboratories
(housed in a building on Naval
Observatory grounds here that
no one else wanted) and q
small budget (about $125, 900 a
year for research and develop
ment) the weather engineers
are devising robot stations
which will do almost every
thing but conduct visitors on
guided tours.
In developing the auto
matte stations the laboratory
sometimes has only to adapt
existing instruments to remote
control use. But sometimes
the technicians have to invent
entirely new devices.
For instance. 1t obviously
would be difficult for a
machine to measure the
height Of an overhead layer
of clouds. But the Instrument
Division solved the problem
with a gadget they call
the rotating beam ceilometer.
A beam of light continuously
searches the sky above the
robot station, looking for q
cloud layer. II clouds roll In,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-12
By GeroId Woring

officers visited him in prison.
seeking advice on how to fight
Russians.
Meyers friends in Germany
enlisted the support Of private
Canadian citizens. Their eff
forts to spring the general
almost succeeded In 1850, but
the government feared home
reaction. The following year
, they did succeed in persuad-
ing the government to trans
fer him from a Canadian
prison to a British prison in
Germany. There, under the
lenient rules the British adopt
ed to mollify the West Ger
man government, he was even
eligible for vacations from
prison to visit his family.
Sentence Reviewed and Cut
The Adenauer government
had already asked Canada to
release Meyer. but without
success. However, when the
United States, Britain and
France agreed to review the
sentences of all their war
criminals, as a further bid for
West German support against
Russia, the Canadian govern
ment acquiesced to a review
of Meyers sentence.
The review cut the sentence
to IA years which, with liberal
time of for good behavior,
meant his release within a
year. The only other war
criminal still held by Canada
is Johann NeitZ, a German
civilian who shot and wounded
q Canadian prisoner. Neitz
had been sentenced to 20 years,
but his sentence also was re-
duced to IA years. With time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-12
BY Richord FrykIund

A small group of Weather
Bureau engineers working on
q shoestring are developing
new devices here which will
almost revolutionize the sci
ence Of gathering weather
data.
The problem facing the
Weather Bureau is twofold:
To meet the demand for faster.
more accurate weather report
ing, and to do it without
spending more money.
Congress and the Bureau Of
the Budget have been notori-
ously niggardly with the
Weather Bureau. It gets less
money in proportion to the
job it is required to do than
any other large weather service
in the world.
Meanwhile the need for its
services grows, and the diff
Guilty Of doing the job multi
plies.
Communications Problem
Most weather stations are
at airports. They are housed
there because civilian and
military fliers need better and
faster weather information
than any other group. The
customers want continuous
weather advice, and to supply
1t, the weather men must
shuttle continuously from the
Office to the instrument shelter
and back to the counter, night
and day.
The shuttle at most airports
has grown longer and longer.
instruments at all stations
must be housed 4 feet over
green grass in an average"
location. Most airports now
are surrounded by acres Of
concrete runways, parking lots
and huge buildings which dis
tort instrument readings. So
the instrument shacks are
moved farther and farther
from the weather Office in an
attempt to find that patch of
grass and average" condi-
tions.
AS the distance increases,
the undermined offices have
q harder time supplying con-
tinuous, fresh weather data.
The Weather Bureau has
decided that one way to meet
its problems is to use more
automatic and remote control
instruments. The ultimate in
mechanization will be. a Ma
tion-wide chain of robot
weather stations.
Emphasis on machinery to
gather the data will permit
the high-priced, scarce human
beings to concentrate on FORE
casting and disseminating
information.
The job of inventing the
necessary machinery has been
turned over to the Bureaus
small Instrument Division.
The engineers now are well
along with the job.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-12

IL

Wisconsin Sendtor gets in his
ticks as group weighing Gen.
sure turns to the defense;
fails in effort to introduce
doto to show thot his CO.
pers have tradition behind
them.
Senator Joseph r. Mccarthy
was having his days in court
last week, and, for the most
part, he made his defense with
dignity, in keeping with the
judicial atmosphere of the
Senate group studying mo-
ton to censure the Wis
consinite.
The committee finished lay
ing out what it thought were
the pertinent facts early Tues
day. Then the. special six
man committee, headed by
Arthur v. Watkins. Republic
can, of Utah invited Senator
Mccarthy to add any material
which he had-and which
would be permissible under
the committees rules of evil
dence.
The defense that Senator
Mccarthy and his attorney,
Edward B. Williams, unfolded
was roughly this:
Yes, I did the things the
record shows, but my &C
tons were legal. customary
among Senators. and fully
justified in each instance.
Point-by-Point Reply
Specifically, he said:
o Brig. Gen. Ralph w.
Zwicker was Clearly contemp-
tuous when he appeared before
the Mccarthy investigating
subcommittee and certainly
unfit to wear the uniform of an
Army general.
o AS chairman Of the Gov
eminent Operations Commit
tee he was eligible to receive
the notorious two-and-one-
quarter page "FBI" document
which was not, he pointed
out, marked secret" -
o He had never asked Gov
eminent employees to supply
him with general classified
material" but only evidence Of
wrongdoing-graft, corruption
and communism.
o The 1852 Senate commit
tee which had invited him to-
testify regarding his personal
finances had no jurisdiction
over the matter and he was
within his rights to reject its
invitation.
o Other Senators had done
the same things he had done.
Two Roodblocks
That was not all of the di-
rect testimony Senator Nc
Carthy wanted to supply. but
1t was all permitted. Senator
Mccarthy was stopped by the
!. ecAmittee from citing in