davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-09-22

The Army announced today
the award of the Medal Of Honor
to an Arkansas sohier who died
in a desperate, successful fight
to save the life of his command
ing officer In Korea.
The soldier is Sergt Gilbert
George Collier, husband Of Mrs.
Peggy Collier of Chicago, and
son Of Mr.. and MIS-. George H.
Collier, Tichnor, Ark.
Sergt. Collier was assistant
leader of a combat patrol Of the
40th Division assigned to probe
deep into enemy territory on the
night of July 10, 1858, just a
few days before the cease-fire
in Korea. AS the group pushed
forward, both SerEt. Collier and
the patrol commander, 1t. Rich
ard S. Agnew. Cromwell. Conn.,,
now stationed at the Army Avia-
ton School at Fort Sill, Okla. :,
stepped off a 60-foot precipice
and fell into the darkness. Both
were injured, 1t. :Agnew with a
twisted ankle and Sergt. Collier
with a strained back.
1t. Agnew, realizing that day
Evening star., 1954-09-22

48 Republicans, ~ Democrats
and Senator Morse Of Oregon, an
independent.
Profess Optimism.
In addition to the six key
States. the Republicans profess
optimism about their chances Of
picking up seats in New Mexico.
Iowa, Colorado and Montana
while the Democrats voice high
hopes of unseating Republicans
in Massachusetts,, Oregon and
Idaho.
The Democratic candidate in
Kentucky is Alben w. Barkley
who served in the Senate for %
years, part of the time as ma
jority leader, before he resigned
when elected Vice President in
l948. Democratic strategists con-
cede Mr.. Barkley faces strong
Republican vote-getter in Sena-
tor John Sherman Cooper.
In New Jersey. Democrats are
counting on a split in Republican
ranks to put over their Sem
ate candidate. Representative
Charles r. Howell. The Repub-
lican nominee. former Repre-
sentative Clifford P. Case. is ,op-
Evening star., 1954-09-22
Plain Talk on Campaign Issues
Senator keouver and Labor Secretary Mitchell SheVe
The Potitudes and Slogans and Get Down to Business

San Francisco will be the
opener in a Kefauver tour Of
10 States, the most extensive
speaking schedule any Senator
is undertaking this year. AL
though he himself is UP for re-
election, he has won his pri-
mary in Tennessee. This is
almost the absolute equivalent
of election and he will spend
only six days at home.
From California he will go
into Oregon to help Richard
Neuberger's effort to unseat
the veteran Guy Gordon. At
Portland he will reply to Gen.
Eisenhower on power, drawing
on his long experience with
the IVA. Power is the issue
on which Mr.. Neuberger Is
chiefly relying.
So extended a tour naturally
raises the question Of Senator
Kefauver's presidential aspira-
tions. His answer is that he is
not running again in 1856, but
that he naturally hopes for an
open convention-and he Is
available.
Though never quite accepted
by such Washington aces as
Senators Russell and Byrd in
his own party, it Is possible
that Senator Kefauver. by rea-
son Of his crime committee
and handshaking primary CAM
paign, is the best known DEM
ocratic Senator among the
rank and file. His mail indi-
Gates that he has a following
in almost every State.
Evening star., 1954-09-22

CHICAGO, Sept. 22.-The
chairman of the 7 board Of the
United States of Commerce yes
terday urged a ban on cut-rate
transportation OF Government
passengers and freight.
Richard L. Bow Glitch of Boston
said the practice OF giving special
rates to Government agencies
has become so widespread,
especially in the movement of
household goods, that shippers in
this branch of thestransportation
industry have heen forced to
make legislative relief "a major
objective"
In a speech at a Joint luncheon
session of the Chicago Associa-
ton of Commerce' and Industry
and the Traffic Clalb of Chicago,
Mr.. Bowditch saidt
1.-The Nations largest shipper
and traveller is given privilege
that is specifically, prohibited by
law to be given a commercial
Evening star., 1954-09-22

were dismantled, generals were
hanged, and war J" criminals
tried, ex post pacto by victors
who, had their laws been ap-
p. piled to themselves, would also
have been guilty in many par
ticulars.
Such draconic measures
would normally have created
precisely what they were de-
signed to prevent, and would
have been natural" reactions
if the Germans were con-
genitally given to war-loving
nationalism. .a.
But the view that nations
do not change has no histori-
cal justification whatever.
They do change, not in re-
sponse to "re-education" but
to changed realities. Actually.
the Germans were the last
great European people to be-
come a unified, centrally gov
erned nation with a national
army. Historically Germans
started or engaged in fewer
wars than any Of the great
European states. Always the
German mind was torn be-
tween pan-Germanism and
Europeanism; between the de-
sire to expand into the premier
European and world power,
and to merge herself into a
greater Europe. To an enor-
nous extent the Illustration
of the European-minded Ger
man, especially by France, has
contributed to the recurrent
rise of the opposite type Of
German leadership.
The result has been the
tragedy of Europe and may yet
mean the end of European
civilization.
For Europe" as it has ex-
listed for centuries, is no more.
It's eastern outposts. military
and cultural, have passed be-
hind the Iron Curtain, to be
Evening star., 1954-09-22

MocArthurs Action Defended
Book by Gen. Wioughby Documents the Real Story
OF the Illustrations Which Plagued the General

how we'll tied that hand was.
The unbelievable spectacle Of
a great nation fighting an
all-out war with It's military
forces strictly enjoined against
taking any measures to blast
the enemy's bases. with no
reinforcements available, and
with constant preoccupation
with the prejudices and purely
national interests of its allies
acting as a prohibition against
truly effective action, is not q
pretty one. 1t Is safe to say
no other such war has ever
been fought in the history Of
mankind.
Not only was Gen. Mac
Arthur forbidden by the jos
to bomb the Yalu River bridges
across which poured the Chi
neSe Reds in numbers afford
ing them overwhelming odds
against the battered American
and South Korean armies. but
the presence of Chang Kai-
shek's 5 million men in For
mosa was neutralized by the
Truman neutrality" order
which in effect guaranteed the
Peiping Reds that Chang
would not annoy them. Two
entire Red armies were thereby
released from duty on the
mainland opposite Formosa,
and promptly dispatched to
the Yalu for war on American
troops.
That Gen. Macarthur was
able, in the face of these fan
tastic impediments, to con-
duct the Korean operations at
all was little short of a mir
acle. But the record in the
book shows that he not only
conducted them despite all the
obstructionism and defeatism
from his own side. but con-
Quoted them in the superbly
skillful manner displayed in
his masterful tactics and STRAIT
egy of the Pacific in World
War II.
If the facts are known,
Americans everywhere should
have no difficulty in correctly
appraising the world Commu-
mist conspiracy and the steps
so obviously needed to meet it.
In the record of Gen. Mac
Arthur's conduct of the Ko-
rean war can be found, in
startling detail, all the facts
we need.
Evening star., 1954-09-22
Thomas [. Stokes

INDIANAPOLIS.-It is very
clear that the cry of prophets
of gloom and doom" raised
against the Democrats by
President Eisenhower has
made little dent on them. They
will not thus be scared off
from raising as major issues
against the administration the
failure Of our economy to
expand normally during the
past year and the continued
. unemployment that has
speckled the country with
fostering sores.
If they needed any infusion
of spunk on this score they got
it from the plain talk of two
comparative youngsters po-
litically who have had first
hand experience on the firing
line and know what the people
are thinking--and also how
they react. @
In fact, Governor ELECT Ed
mund s. Muskie of Maine is an
expert on how people react.
When Maine elected him the
first Democratic Governor in
20 years. he found, lout--and
so did Republicans. He and
the other younger party lead-a
er. Gov. Mennen Williams Of
Michigan, who has seen the
unemployment problem on very
close view in his State. made
an impression with Democratic
leaders who gathered here
from all over the country last
week end to plan the con-
gressional campaign.
The two tall gentlemen were
impressive because they bold
ly challenged, as younger men
will do, the idea that our
economy can become static. or
that unemployment is neces-
sary. Governor-elect Muskie
was refreshingly frank, saying:
Evening star., 1954-09-22
President Needs 6-Week Miracle
twill Be Tough Task for Eisenhower to Inspire
Disoffected Republicans in the Short Time Left
Dovid Lawrence [

President Eisenhower has
about six weeks in which to
perform the political miracle
that a small group of so-called
liberal" Republicans who are
his intimate advisers evidently
expect him to achieve. For in
six weeks the President is sup
posed to inspire the disaffect-
ed Republican workers and
make them work their heads
off to get to the polls the in
different voters who stay away
when they aren't particularly
aroused about issues or can
didates.
It's a tough job. because
Gen. Eisenhower is starting
late. A Republican national
committeeman told this writ
er the other day, for example,
that he had checked with
other national committeeman
at the recent meeting at Gin
cinnati to ascertain if any of
them. had ever had a private
conference with the President
since he took Office on Janu-
airy 20. 1858. He couldn't find
a single instance. He added
that he wasn't referring only
to former Taft committeeman
but to pro-Eisenhower COM
mitteemen as we'll.
Now a national committee
man is elected by the delega-
tions at the national conven-
ton. He is one Of the political
leaders of his State and is
higher in rank than a State
chairman. who is supposed to
be concerned largely with
State and local Offices.
Why didn't Gen. Eisenhower
see something of the Republic
can national committeeman in
the various States? Maybe it's
because there has been q
steady effort to discredit the
Republican Party by those in
the Eisenhower camp who
keep insisting that the Presi-
dent won in 1852 not because
of his party but in spite of it.
Again and again, the state
ment has been made that
Gen. Eisenhower ran ahead
of the Republican ticket be-
cause his party was reaction
ary," but this doesn't explain
why his own campaign mana
ger. Senator Henry Cabot
Lodge, a progressive, was de-
feated in Massachusetts, in
Evening star., 1954-09-22
,er to inspire

1852. Nor does it explain those
instances where the Republi-
can nominees who won seats
in Congress ran ahead OF Gen.
Eisenhower in 1852.
The fact remains that, in an
off-year election. the name of
the incumbent President isn't
on the ballot. It's an out-and-
out fight between the two
major parties.
The real trouble with the
Republican high command -
the Eisenhower managers ~
this time is that they have
thought they could win while
alternating many of the men,
bers of the Republican Party.
There seems to be little
thought about how to unite
the party and considerable
thought on how to keep 1t
disunited. Many letters are
pouring in to this writer from
various States from Repub-
licans who express that point
of view. Typical among them
are one from Maine and an
other from Connecticut. The
correspondent in Maine, an.
eminent lawyer who has taken
very little part in politics him.
self but who is in a position
to know the undercurrents in
his State, writes:
I'm my opinion, the Repub-
licans of Maine suffered, but
perhaps not as much as in
some localities. through. the
breach between Senator Taft
and Gov. Dewey. AS Ayou
may be well aware, the defeat
of Senator Brewster (Taft
leader) by Gov. Payne doubt
less left many wounded spirits
which have not yet healed :,
1.-TWO years ago last spring,
in the June primaries, Gov.
Cross was nominated by the
efforts of his friends, hitherto
not actively engaged in reg
ular party politics. Most
unfortunately. Republican
Party workers have not only
failed to forget this defeat Of
their candidate but the Gov
ernor apparently turned to his
followers, SO to speak. in the
primary for advice during this
two-year interval, with the re-
suit that the Republican Party
organization. at least In our
Evening star., 1954-09-22
Fletcher N1ebei-
Potomac Fever

Ike campaigns in three Republican
Congress Looking at the Republican candidates. Ike
reminds of the fellow who wncesbut always takes his
medicine like o. man. t##
20
Democrats select candidate for Governor Of New York
Tammany hope that loyal Democrat will vote his
scence-preferahbly under as many names as possible
- ~.
Indonesan women because President Soekarno
take aSsecond wife thing about
that mans better half win only so cent Of the family
arguments. @+s s@'
boo1 says the super Hbomb has the power OF
Is million tons of This just the thing to against
flies, rats termAes-and your better judgment.
Chairman H tells Ike that Republicans have hard hght
keep control f Congress trouble with this election
noisier it's liable to wake OF
the voters. .ta
Agriculture Secretary he relaxed
political purposes He did the farmer could to
his convictions-without Of bloody
murder from hisswanet #~
Vice President Nixon answers Aai Stevenson Michigan
Nixon far Republicans made some
hes afraid the Democrats will have to take the
blame for them.{ @~fzs1
Evening star., 1954-09-22

During the campaign, I was
criticized by my opponent
when I cited figures showing
Names serious economic
problems. Twas called a proph-
ct of gloom and DOOM I was
accused of selling the people of
Maine short. I have faith in
the people of Maine. just as I
have faith in the people of all
of our United States. I believe
we have a future of unlimited
growth, if we have creative
leadership. and if we use and
not abuse our bountiful re-
sources.
But first we must face the
facts. And the people are ready
to listen to the facts. Maine
proved that on September 13.
The rest of the Nation will
prove it in November"
Both he and Gov. Williams
struck at the apathetic atti-
tude in Washington toward
the economic situation and
unemployment. AS you get out
into the country and talk to
people from all over. you are
impressed with the growing
feeling of resentment about
the apathy. It seems bound to
reflect itself politically at the
first opportunity = and that
will be, of course, on Novem-
ber 2.
The economic plight OF in
dustrial cities in this State, as
In this whole area, is a con-
slant source of discussion
where politicians get together.
here with Democrats as it was
with Republicans three weeks
ago in Cincinnati in a similar
meeting. For 1t is going to
mean changes in Congress.
They talk in terms of at least
two Democratic gains In House
Evening star., 1954-09-22

end Of the State-and I think
statewidewas so lukeWarm in
the recent election that very
little. and in some districts
nothing, was done Of a po-
litical nature, especially inso-
far as seeing that the Repub-.
lican voters exercised their
franchise. It is this failure Of
responsible politicians to bury
the hatchet' that, to my mind,
has caused the result in Maine
and will be very largely the
cause of what may well re-
suit in the return Of a Dem
ocratic House and Senate to
Washington"
From a merchant in a rural
community in Connecticut
comes this letter:
This town is typical rural
solid Republican. Many Re-
publicans who vote faithfully
year in and year out are
Mccarthy followers. In bar
room political discussions and
cornerstone gabfests McCar-
thy Republicans are shell
lacked not only by Democrats
but by their own brother Re-
publicans.
"The result is that the
Mccarthy Republicans are re-
sentful of this treatment from
party members. In this State,
with John Lodge up for re-
election as Governor, and he is
anti-McCarthy, I sense a spirit
of vengeance. and fear that
these Mccarthy Republicans
will stay at home. Most of
them are Taft Republicans
who year in and year out vote
Republican. They are the real
anti-Democrat party members.
My conclusion is that the ad-
ministration should in some
way unite the party or our
State will return to the Demo-
Gratis in November"
That's why Gen. Eisen-
hower's job is a tough one. He
has to secure harmony. in
spire the party workers and
get out the stay-at-home Re-
publican vote. Can he do 1t in
six weeks? That's the big ur1-
answered question, for there
has never heretofore been any
such task of reinvigorating a
political party accomplished in
such a short interval.
Reproduction Rights Reseryed)
Evening star., 1954-09-22

of his Office and win the war
his political masters had
handed him.
Here is the irrefutable proof
to set at rest for all time the
constantly repeated charge
that Gen. Macarthur crossed
the 38th Parallel after the
capture of Seoul in willful
and reckless defiance of his
orders. The vote of the U. N.
on October 6 giving the gen.
eral the explicit approval for
the move is noted, and the
orders of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff in Washington are
quoted.
But of more dramatic inter-
est are the staff notes taken
at the time of Gen. Mac
Arthur's flying visit to Wake
Island. in response to a Tru-
man summons. in the fall of
1850 before the Chinese Reds
had intervened in force in
Korea. Here another favorite
canard of the Macarthur
haters is exposed for what it
is The facts behind the we'll
publicized and completely false
report that Gen. Macarthur
pooh-poohed the possibility of
Red Chinese intervention. and
pledged the return of Ameri-
can troops from Korea be
fore Christmas" are revealed
in these notes to be at best
the product of a brisk imagi-
nation.
The record shows all too
clearly that Gen. MacArthur's
eadquarters had warned
Washington and the U. N.
repeatedly and consistently
that the Chinese Reds were
massing troops north Of the
Yalu. Clinching evidence on
the Wariness of the supreme
commander on this point is
to be found in his instructions
to the 9th Army on its ad-
vance north of the 38th Paral-
lel-that it was to be a re-
connaisance-in-force with pro-
vision made at all times for
an orderly and prompt with
drawal should the Chinese in
tervene.
Americans perplexed to know
the reasons why our Nation
fought a war with a hand
tied behind it's back will be
sharply amazed to know just
Evening star., 1954-09-22
Thomos [. Stokes
Prophets Of Doom, but Prophets
Democrats Described as Recognizing That Economic
Showdown Can't Be Hidden From Voters

seats in this State - in the
South Bend and Evansville
districts - and perhaps more
than that, maybe four or even
five. Indiana now has a single
Democrat in the House. Repre-
sentative Ray Madden from
the Gary steel district.
"In Washington" Gov. Will
liams observed, "they have
accepted economic distress not
only as something that cannot
be helped but as something
which will be good for us if we
just swallow it without protest.
In Lansing, where we take the
Democratic viewpoint, we re-
gard any degree of unemploy-
ment as a bad thing to be cor
rected by any reasonable means
at the Governments disposal" ;"
He said, "We add nearly /
million to our working force
every year. Unless our economy
grows we will have unemploy-
ment even though the total
number of jobs may remain the
same. This, I am sure. the
people understand. But I am
sure the Republicans do not
understand that the people
understand it,
He deplored the talk from
Washington that this is the
''second-best year in our his
tory" most recently from
Secretary of Labor James p.
Mitchell.
What he really should have
said is that this is the first
year in which we have slipped
backward in more than a dec
ade." Gov. Williams declared.
The two young men, one a
Governor Of considerable ex-
perience. the other a Governor
elect who showed by his sue
cess how he understands his
own people, are both politicians,
Evening star., 1954-09-22

and good sense will prove en-
ticing to the voters who have
been so noticeably cool to the
huckster slogans of the Vice
President, and the happy plati-
tudes of the President. '9
On the Democratic side,
another spokesman accounted
somewhat junior by his peers,
Senator Estes Kefauver of
Tennessee. is about to tackle
the issue that every Democrat
knows is there but which most
of them lack the nerve to dis
cuss plainly. It is foreign
policy.
It is Senator Kefauver's
purpose to attack, in San
Francisco this week. the con-
duct of the Eisenhower foreign
relations. He will review the
confused course which pre-
ceded the fall Of Indo- China
and the history Of the now
rejected European Defense
Community.
He also expects to issue
some warnings about the pres
ent course Of Secretary of
State Dulles. Senator Kefau-
yer, who has Just returned
from Europe. believes that the
greatest pressures building up
In Germany ere for unifica-
ton. And he sees no guaran-
tees that those pressures will
not prevail. In any case, he
win be dealing with what
really frets Americans and will
raise the questions to which
they seek the answers.
Evening star., 1954-09-22
Sergeant Gets Medal of Honor;
Lost Life in Saving Lieutenant

light would mean great danger
for the patrol, ordered the group
to return to the American lines.
Sergt. Collier refused to abandon
his comrade and commander, the
Army said, and despite his own
painful injuries remained behind
to stand guard over the lieu
tenant until relief could get
through to them the following
night.
The two injured men managed
to creep back UP to the high
ground from which they had
tumbled, losing their radio and
one of their two carbines en-
route.
|, Shortly after darkness fell on
July 20, the two tried to work
their way back through the en-
emy territory between them and
their company.
1t. Agnew told the Army a
group of enemy soldiers am
bushed the pair and two of them
started to drag Sergt. Collier off.
1t. Agnew said Sergt. Collier
killed two with his bayonet and
drove off the rest. The sergeant
died after the two were rescued.
Evening star., 1954-09-22
Dorothy Thompson- ---
Fears That Are Built on FoIlocy
Apprehension Of an Effective Revival OF Wltor'sm
= on Previous Patterns in Germany Called Foolish

governed by an alliance be-
tween Moscow and Peiping.
From the center of Berlin to
the borders of India, the
European Peninsula reduced
by nearly 100 million people
faces the greatest complex OF
united contiguous power the
modern world has ever seen,
and its only great protector Is
5000 miles across the ocean.
In this situation to appre-
hend the effective revival"
of German national-milita-
rism on any previous pattern is
silly. Germany made her strike
for European mastery and
world power in 1899. That
was her last opportunity, and
every German not a fool knows
it.
Germany since World War II
can only become a menace to
peace and freedom If she
merges herself with Russia
and, with Russia. strikes for
the reduction of the remnant
of Europe, thus invoking war
with the United States. Al
though such action would
mean suicide for Germany.
there is q suicidal impulse In
frustrated strength.
Strength has to flow some
where; pent UP it explodes.
The function. however, of an
integrated Europe Is not to be
a spearhead or instrument Of
the United States or the So
Wet Union. 1t is to maintain
an equilibrium between them,
recognizing that its very sur
vival requires peace. Uninte-
grated it Is too weak to ex-
ercise this great historic role.
United it could do so.
But this argument has never
emanated from Washington.
Evening star., 1954-09-22
Party Strategists
Stake Election Hopes
On Six Key States
BY the Asseeikied Press

Republican and Democratic
campaign strategdsts apparently
regard six States as crucial bat
tlegrounds in the struggle for
control of the Senate in the 84tf1
Congress.
A check of rival Senate CAM
paign committees disclosed today
a heavy concentration of effort
in Delaware, Illinois and Ohio
where Republicans rate their
chances of unseating Democratic
Senators best-aud in Kentucky,
New Jersey and wyoming
where Democratic hopes of gain
ing Senate seats are highest.
Thirty six Senate seats are at
stake in the elections November
2. Maine voters last week gave
Senator Margaret Chase Smith,
Republican. second six-year
term.
The present Senate lineup is