davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-05-22
WoIther League Bonquets

Washington members Of the
International Waltlrer League,
Lutheran young peoples organ
ization, will hold 6lst anniversary
banquets at 6 o'clock tonight at
Christ Church, Sixteenth and
Gallatin streets NV, and at
$50 pm. tomorrow. sponsored
by the First Trinity Church
group, at the Carlyle Hotel, 500
North Capitol street.
Evening star., 1954-05-22
PTA Congress Elects

The Washington Congress Of
Parents and Teachers has re-
elected Robert F. Brooks presi-
dent. Other officers are Eugene
Robertson and Mrs. Edith King,
vice presidents; Mrs. Dorothy
Walker, executive secretary, and
William Douglas, treasurer.
Evening star., 1954-05-22
Roqution Day Tomorrow

st. Thomas Episcopal Church.
Eighteenth and Church streets
NV, will celebrate "Rogation
Day" with a festival service at
1890 am. tomorrow, including
a flower procession, a brass en-
semble of trumpets, trombones,
horns and kettledrums and
prayers for gardens and crops.
Evening star., 1954-05-22
Governors
Interested in
School ParIey
Two Of IS in South
| Invited by StunIey
Turn Down Bids
By The Asseeie..d rrsss

RICHMOND. Va. May a.
Indications were today at least
half the Is Southern Governors
invited would attend-or send
personal envoys-to Gov. STAN
ley's proposed conference on
school problems posed by the
Supreme Courts segregation
ruling.
Eight Of the chief executives
have shown interest in the con-
ference. Until today. four had
accepted. two others said they
might attend and two others
limited they might send repre-
sentatives. Two turned down the
invitation.
Gov. Stanley suggested the
conference because he said he
felt it would be beneficial II the
Southern Governors exchanged
ideas on the school problem.
Four Accept Invitation.
Acceptances have been re-
ceived from Cows. Hugh White
Of Mississippi, Herman Tall
madge of Georgia. william B.
Umstead of North Carolina and
Allan Shivers of Texas.
Gov. Umstead said he couldn't
be here on the suggested June
7-8 dates but could attend June
8 or 9. Gov. Stanley suggested
June 7-8 cor some date near
that time"
Gov. Johnston Murray of Okla
homa telephoned Gov. Stanley's
Office to say he hoped to make
it but if he couldn't, he would
send a representative. Gov.
Frank Clement of Tennessee said
he probably" would come.
Kennon Can't Attend.
Gov. Robert F. Kennon of
Louisiana wired his regrets but
said he would send q representa-
tive. He said he couldn't come
because his States Legislature
is in session. And Gov. Francis
Cherry Of Arkansas said he might
send representative.
Maryland Gov. McKeldin said
he was undecided about attend
ing due to previous commit
mentS.
Cows. Lawrence Wetherby of
Kentucky and Gordon Persons
of Alabama turned down the in
vitations. Gov. Wetherby said
he believes the court decision
ruling segregation in public
schools unconstitutional affects
each State in different way and
said he was going to name an
advisory committee for Ken
lucky.
Evening star., 1954-12-01
Portuguese Premier Hits
Vatican Activities In India
BY ihe Assosiated prsss


LISBON. Dec. / Premier An
tonic Oliveira Salazar has OPEN
" blamed the Vatican's world
wide missionary organization.
Propaganda Eide, for much Of
PortugAl's troubles In India.
Mr.. Salazar made the accusa-
ton In speech yesterday at the
opening Of debate in the National
Assembly on Portuguese overseas
territories.
The premier charged that
Propaganda Eide has destroyed
Portngals nearly 5OO-year -old
leadership in propagating the
Roman Catholic faith in India.
Without spelling out the
charges. Mr. Salazar indicated
he felt the Vatican missionary
organization in India was being
too soft on Communists there
and on Nationalists who have
stirred up demands for the re-
turn to India of the Portuguese
territory Of Goa.
The premier said, however, the
present attitude Of Propaganda
Fides may be q passing ne
cessity."
Ardent nationalisn1s are ma
tionalisnfs breaking out in Asia
and Africa" Mr.. Salazar said,
"and Asia is heading right into
communism as Europeans are
leaving it."
Evening star., 1954-12-01
virginian 10 Wed
EarI's Daughter
BY the Associated Press

SALISBURY, England, Dec. /.
=. The engagement of Lady.
Phoebe Pleydell- Bouverie, daugh-
ter of the Earl of Radnor, and
Hubert Phipps of Marshall, Va,
was announced today. s n
Lady Phoebe, %, was one Of
many children who resided with
Mr.. Phipps' parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. ]. S. Phipps of Westbury.
Long Island, N. Y, during the
war years.
Lady Phoebe and Hubert Phipps
met again last August when he
visited London. The wedding
date has not been set but is ex-
pected to be in January.
The couple will reside in Vir-
ginia. where Mr., Phipps owns
Rockburn Farm and publishes
the Breeders Stockman, q month
" livestock magazine, as well as
two newspapers. the Fauquier
Democrat of Warrenton and the
Loudoun Times-Mirror of Lees
burg.
The groom-t -to-be was a two
goal polo player. His brother,
Michael G. Phipps Of Palm
Beach. Fla, is a 10-goal interna-
| tionalist.
Lady Phoebe is the third
daughter of the Earl of Radnor
/ OF Longford Castle and Mrs. M
w. w. Selby-Lowndes of Ciren-
cester, Worcestershire. his first
wife.
Evening star., 1954-12-01
u. n. Aide Asks End
l0f Press Abuses BY
Some Governments
By she kssoeiu,ei Press

Z : q f
UNITED NATIONS. N Il.
Dec. IA u. N. expert on free
dom of information charged yes
terday that newspapers and
editors are still being harassed
throughout the world and urged
immediate bold action here to
curb what he called abuses of
the press by some governments.
| Salvador r. Lopez, Philippines
delegate and until early this
year one-man inquiry board
for the y. N. on the question of
censorship, proposed to the U. N.
Economic and Security Council
| that the General Assembly
quickly create a three-member
panel or appoint another indi-
vidual to study the situation.
| The expert or board would be
instructed to investigate the
effect of the media of informa-
tion on relations between peoples
with particular attention to war
| tensions"
Strangling Control.
Ade Johnson, United States
delegate, said: within certain
| political areas of our goth CEN
tury world, we find governmental
systems which not only hamper
and restrict the flow of informa-
tion across their borders, but
maintain a strangling control
over everything that their citi-
zens may read in their news
! papers and mazagines. /. !"
Such situation, he added,
"can contribute nothing to
peace" but would create misun-
derstandings that "conceivably
could lead to war"
He said there was no basic
| right to which Americans are
more alert than the freedom to
| speak and be heard. He cited
some 10000 newspapers and Pc
riodicals published in the United
States regularly.
Basis of Statements.
G. F Saksin, Soviet delegate,
answered that both Mr.. Lopez
and Mr.. Johnson based their
statements on reports of the AS
sociated Press about the censor
ship situation.
| fThe Associated Press makes
a semi-annual survey of censor
ship over the World).
Perhaps In the United States,
| the Associated Press is a high
standard" Mr.. Saksin said, but,
he added, the same does not ap-
4 ply in the So other countries of
| the u. N.
| Neither man had been in the
Soviet Union, Mr. Saksin said.
They had merely copied the re-
port on censorship from the AS
sociated Press and accepted it
as truth. he asserted.
Evening star., 1954-12-01
Bicycle Army FOR ROKs

SEOUL, Dec. ! tF Chung 4
KWon. South Korea's army chief
of staff. today began gasoline
conservation drive by ordering
his 20-division army to use BIZ
cycles s.as much as possible"
instead of jeeps.
Evening star., 1954-12-01
Sheriff Has Problem,

MUSKEGON, Mich. t41.
Sheriff Axel NJ. Peterson faces
an unusual interior decorating
problem. While the inside Of
the county Jail is being painted
he must find outside lodging
for so or 10 prisoners.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-16

over, the military, political and
international situation varied
from time to time, and would be
relevant to views and attitudes
on the hydrogen bomb.
y = =
Procedure Indicated.
In judging the straightfor-
wardness of DR.. Oppenheimer's
account Of his relation to the
hydrogen bomb program ard Of
his changed attitudes and posi-
lions, the Commission should
consider the procedure that was
followed in the hearings in con-
nection with the production of
documents for purposes Of cross
examination. For example nr
Oppenheimer was first asked
whether he knew how DR.. Sea-
borg, a member of the 9. A. C.
who happened to be absent III
Sweden, felt about the subject
of the 1949 G. A. c. meeting. ana
he said he did not. When asked
whether DR.. Seaborg wasspolled
by mail, DR.. Oppenheimer said
this was not a convenient thing
to do. It was only then that
special counsel for the Commits
sion showed to DR.. Oppenheimer
letter from DR.. Seaborg to DR..
Oppenheimer. dated October IA,
1949, which was then and there
classified. The letter expressed
certain tentative views favorable
to the hydrogen bomb program.
DR.. Oppenheimer said thar he
had forgotten the existence of
the letter.
Apart from anything else,
there would have been no point
to DR.. Oppenheimer'S not being
candid about this letter if he had
remembered it. for if he had, he
also would have remembered of
course that the commission had
the letter, since it had been
taken from his files at Princeton.
And by the same token there was
no reason-especially in pro-
ceeding which, by commission
rules, is supposed to be IAN in
quiry and not trial"-why DR..
Oppenheimer should not have
been shown the letter instead of
first being committed by oral
testimony to the statement that
he had not heard from DR.. Sea-
borg.
DR.. Evans pointed comment
on this incident was:
6. = He CDR. Oppenheimer)
said on one occasion that he had
not heard from DR.. Seaborg
when in fact he had a letter
from DR.. Seaborg. In my opin-
ion he had forgotten about the
letter or he would never have
made this statement for he
would have known that the
Government had the letter. L
do not consider that he lied in
this case"
Under this form Of cross-ex-
animation the fallibility Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-16
Replies to Security ASen Was Candid HBon Queries

| any injury that ! should moi
have done to Peters"
In that letter. written after his
testimony before the House Com.
mittee, DR.. Oppenheimer re-
corded I'd that DR.. Peters nov
denied ever having advocated
the overthrow of the constitu-
tional Government Of the United
States. and CD that DR.. Open
heimer believed this statement Of
DR.. Peters. DR.. OppenheimeI
did not retract his earlier testi-
mony to the House Committee,
to the effect that DR.. Peters had
said he had been q member of
the German Communist Party;
but DIR. Oppenheimer did record
in his letter to the Rochester
newspaper that DR.. Peters now
denied having been a member of
that party. And in testimony
before the board, DR.. Open
heimer added: II am not in
fallible in these things d.e.,
matters of memory as is being
made very clear in these pro-
ceedings."
AS to the boards comment
that DR.. Oppenheimer's testi-
mony before it indicated that he
failed to appreciate the great
improperly of making state
mentS Of one character in a Sc
cret session and of a different
character for publication, this is
what. DR.. Oppenheimer said in
his testimony:
Mr.. Gray. Do you think
on the basis of the same facts
it is appropriate to say one thing
in executive session, and another
thing for public consumption?
The Witness-It is very I'M
desirable. wish I had said more
temperate, measured and &C
curate words in executive ses-
sion. Then it would not have
been necessary to say such very
different words publicly"
y \
Incidents Called "FIimsy."
These, then, are the few and
flimsy incidents from which the
board derives a finding of "a
susceptibility to influence which
could have serious implications
for the security interests of the
country"
What the three incidents in
question in fact show is: In the
first, that in 1913 DR.. Open
heimer was anxious. as were
others, to keep the scientific
services of an able scientist; in
the second, that he sought to
correct in public the unfair i'm
preston which publication of
secret hearings had unexpectedly
created; and in the third, that
he was prepared to bear witness
in support of man who, he be-
lieved. deserved it even though
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-16

duced in order that he could stay
on in Rochester.
1S49 Hearings Depicted.
What DR.. Oppenheimer had in
fact done at the House Commit
tee hearings in 1949 was essen
TALLY to confirm a conversation
related to him by counsel for the
House Committee. This was a
conversation that DR.. Open
heimer had had with the security
officer in regard to DR.. Peters
during the Manhattan District
days. The conversation of earlier
years was said to be to the effect
that DR.. Peters was dangerous
man and quite a Red" and 'that
his background was filled with
incidents that would point to-
ward direct action" When DIR.
Oppenheimer was asked by the
House Committee to give the
basis Of this prior statement to
the security officer, he said that
DIR. Peters had been a member
Of the German Communist Party,
that DR.. Oppenheimer knew of no
Communist Party activities by
DR.. Peters after he came to this
country but that DIR. Peters past
life in Germany had involved vio-
lent action mot pointing to tenn
perance." DR.. Oppenheimer said
that when DR.. Peters arrived in
Enthusiastically in the late
30s-he violently denounced the
Communist Party as being a do
nothing party" and "as begin too
constitutional and too concilia-
tory an organization, not suf-
ficiently dedicated to the over
throw of the Government by
force and Violence"
To this DR.. Oppenheimer also
added in his 1919 testimony be-
fore the House: II may say I
have no evidence that his views
today are the same" He also
said: 9. I would believe that
if DIR. Peters could teach what
he knows to a young man cap
able of learning it, the country
would be better off, because if
DR.. Peters cannot be employed
by the War Department, at least
the young man could be en-
ployed by the War Department"
When parts Of this testimony
become public, as already re-
counted, a number of DR.. Open
heimer's friends thought that
DR.. Peters. University position
was jeopardized. So DIR. Open
heimer wrote a letter to the
Rochester newspaper, and, as he
said, "the sum total of my in
tention was not to get this guy
fired from the University of
Rochester because of intem-
perate remarks made before
the House Committee" The pur-
pose of his letter was "to undo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-16
that man may. have personally
angered him.
= \ 4
ALLEGED DISREGARD
FOR SECURITY SYSTEM

EOK SECURATY SYSTEM
I'VE find that DR.. Open
heimer'S continuing conduct and
associations have reflected q se-
rious disregard for the require
ments Of the security system"
Here the majority gives q
catalogue of incidents thought
to show more specifically DR.. OPP
penheimer's disregard of the se-
curity system. They introduce
their catalogue with q sweeping
generalization never borne out
by the particulars:
Beginning Gin 1943) with the
Chevalier incident he has re-
peatedly exercised an arrogance
of his own judgment with re-
spect to the loyalty and reliable
ity of other citizens to an extent
which has frustrated and at
times impended the workings Of
the system"
In only very limited sense Is
this generalization true: It is q
true characterization Of the
Chevalier incident Of 1913. That
was a case where. although DR..
Oppenheimer was sincere in
his Interpretation that the secur-
ity interests of the country were
not Observed" he did. to follow
the words of the majority. exer-
else an arrogance Of his own
Judgment with respect to the
loyalty and reliability Of another
citizen to an extent which may
have impeded the working of the
system. But DR.. Oppenheimer
never made-never could have
made-any such mistake again.
In the language Mr.. Hartley
Rowe used in the testimony,
about the Chevalier incident, 81
think a man of DR.. Open
heimer's character is not going
to make the same mistake twice,
I would say he was all the more
trustworthy for the mistakes he
made"
John Won Neumann, professor
at the Institute for Advanced
Study, member of the GAO,
and conSu1Cant to Los AlamoS.
who has known DR.. Oppenheimer
since 1943 and lived in the same
small towns of Los Alamos and
Princeton with him almost con-
tinuously since then, has this
comment about the 1943 Che
Waller incident. After a long
hypothetical question by special
counsel for the commission, DR..
Won Neumann said:
Look, you have to view the
performance and the character
of a man as a whole. This cpl
sode, if true, would make me
think that [in] the course of the
year 1943 or in 1912 and 1913, he
Continued on Page A-10, Col. -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-16

4
timony given in secret session.
The incident was first brought
up in croSs-examination. AL
though DR.. Oppenheimer was
questioned extensively and
therefore testified fully about it,
it was certainly not made clear
that this item-which had not
been included in Gen. Mich
OILS letter-was to be considered
derogatory. To begin with, DR..
Oppenheimer said that he did
not think he was being placed
under pressure by either DIR.
Peters or DR.. Gordon; that, in
deed, DR.. Condon'S Intervention
merely angered DR.. Open
heimer that the "real pressure
came from people who were not
belligerent at all, but who we're
regretful Bethe, Weiskopf,
my brother. They wrote very.
very nice letters saying. this
guy was being put-was suffer-
ing for something because I had
done it and he should stay on
his job" And it was this view
point that influenced him.
Again, this is not a case of
susceptibility to coercion. It was
rather a case of listening to the
opinions of people for whom DR..
Oppenheimer had respect.
Furthermore, DR.. Oppenheimer
told the board that testimony he
had given in the House commit
tees secret session, as to whether
DR.. Peters should be employed on
a secret war job, had been made
public, and was being miscon-
Strued to mean that DIR. Peters
should lose his job at the Uni
versity of Rochester, despite the
fact that DR.. Opepnheimer had
specifically said in his testimony
that he thought it was good that
DR.. Peters should keep his uni
versity job. DR.. Oppenhainer be-
lieved and believes that political
opinion does not diSqualify a
scientist for a career in unclassi-
fed scientific work nor does it
diSqualify him as a teacher of
science. People for whom DR.. OPP
penheimer had respect told DR..
Oppenheimer that what he had
said was causing harm to DR..
Peters. DR.. Oppenheimer felt that
DR.. Peters "waS a good scientist
doing according to everyone's &C
count no political work of any
kind, doing no harm, whatever
his views. It was (the) over
whelming belief of the commu-
nifty in which lived that a man
like that ought not to be fired
either for his past or for his
views. unless the past is criminal
or the views lead him to wicked
action. I think my effort was to
compose the flap that I had pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-16

memory could wen be mistaken
for q lack Of frankness.
ALLEGED SUSCEPTIBILITY
TO INFLUENCE.
1--WE have found a susceptible
ity to influence which could have
serious implications for the Sc
curity interest of the country"
AS in the case of each of the
other so-called controlling
considerations that have led. the
board to its conclusions, we shall
analyze each specific incident
which the majority relates to
the finding in question.
y \ y \
Incidents Mentioned.
The incidents in question,
three in number, are recited in
a single paragraph in the ma
jority report. The first incident
is described as follows:
by his own testimony (the
majority says DR.. Oppenheimer
was led to protest the induction
into military service Of Giovanni
Rossi Lomanitz in 1943 by the
outraged intercession of DR..
edward ID Condor. It is to
be remembered that. at this
time, DR.. Oppenheimer knew of
Lomanitz's connections and Of
his indiscretionS."
The testimony is that DR.. OPP
penheimer thought he first
heard of the incident concern
ing Lomanitz's induction in a
letter from DR.. Condor. What
the board has overlooked is that
in those early days of the war,
the scarcity of able scientists to
work on the atomic project was
a matter of acute concern to
every one. Col. Lansdale testi-
fled in these proceedings that
DR.. Ernest o. Lawrence, director
of the radiation laboratory at
Berkeley where Lomanitz worked
as a physicist, also objected,
and even more vehemently, to
the cancellation of Lomanitz's
deferment.
It seems clear that DR.. Open
heimer'S concern related to the
loss of an able physicist from the
Berkeley project, which, in turn,
threatened a loss of some one
from the Los Alamos project to
replace him.
X y X
The next incident cited by the
majority concerns testimony by
DR.. Oppenheimer about DR.. Ber-
nard Peters before the House
Un-American Activities Commit
tee in 1949. and a letter which
DR.. Oppenheimer subsequently
wrote about DR.. Peters to a
Rochester newspaper. The ma
jority criticizes DR.. Oppenheimer
because, they say, he wrote the
letter "aS a result of protesta-
tons by DR.. Condor. by DR.. Pc
tiers and himself, and by other
scientists" and because the let
ter ''in effect, repudiated his tes-
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1954-09-30
RenrOCk

RENROCK - Vernon Reed
and family and Floyd Reed spent
Sunday at the home of David
Jones of near Olive Green.
The Renrock Circuit picnic
will be held at Lytlesburg
church Saturday, October l6.
Program in the afternoon.
Visitors at the James Waite,
Jr. home Sunday were Wayne
Bickford and family, Itol Reed
and Ray Waite and family.
Don't forget the grange meet
ing Friday night, Oct. /. Each
family bring pie.
Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Reed spent
Sunday at the home Of Mr.. and
Mrs. Albert Marshall of near
Summerfield.
Miss Pam Reed is spending
sometime with her grandpar-
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. Owen Reed.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence Nichols
entertained the following on
Sunday: James Reed and family
and Stanley Nichols.
Rollin Combs and family of
Senecaville, spent Saturday with
Irville Cain and family and
helped fill a silo.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1954-09-30
:5;;' ss WANT AD SECTION z&l2Z 'sSs' sS
FOR SALE
For Sale-DWELLTNGs LOTS

IT'S A GOOD five room house
with gas and electricity. A ten
minute drive from Caldwell.
Priced very reasonably.
IT'S A MODERN home, on Stag
road, located one mile from
town and church. Forty acres.
All necessary buildings. Home
strictly modern, insulated. bath
and furnace. If you are perfect
ly satisfied to take your bath in
a wash tub, don't come to see
this farm unless you want some
of the better things in life.
A GOOD FRAME building with
slate roof. Six good rooms up
stairs with separate stairwav
First floor can be converted into
living rooms, making two sep
arate apartments. Very cheap.
South on u. S. Route 21.
A GOOD LOT on North Street.
excavated for full basement
and garage. Very reasonably
priced. A bargain.
FOR SALE-A mighty nice lO1
acre 1lVe-foom country home,
-. running water, laundry
49, and furnace in basement.
A us minute drive from New
Concord. School bus transporta-
tion to New Concord schools.
FOR RENT-A strictly modern
five room apartment with
steam heat, centrally located in
Caldwell. First floor.
We are ready to talk to you
about any real estate you
may have for sale.
HOWARD M. SHAFER--Realtor
526 North Street--Caldwell, Ohio
Phone 333
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1954-09-30
Business Opportunity
$500 Monthly Spore Time

Refilling and collecting money
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