davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1954-03-30
Facts About
Folks

Judge and Mrs. James F. Bell,
Richmond Avenue, on Thursday
night were in Blanchester where
Judge Bell, as Governor of Dis
trict 231 Rotary International,
spoke at the banquet in celebration
of the twenty-fifth anniversary of
the Rotary Club there.
~ ~
H. J. Vogel, Park Avenue, has
returned from 2 two weeks busi-
ness trip through the southwest in
the interest of the London Grave
Vault Company. Among states he
visited were, Oklahoma, Texas,
Arkansas and Kansas.
~ ~
Mr.. and Mrs. H. A. Tyson, Elm
Street, spent the week end in
Youngstown, guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. William Sampson.
~ ~
Mrs. ]. c. Cromwell, Big Plain
Pike, spent the week end in Oak
Harbor, guest of Mr.. and Mrs.
Raymond Boiler.
~ -
Jane NJ. Bell, of the Osie Rose
Beauty Shop, last week attended
Hair Coloring Glasses sponsored
by Clairol, Inc, at Capital School
of Beauty Culture, Columbus.
Mr.. and Mrs. Edward Morgan
and Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Ramsey,
Hawthorne Avenue, spent the week
end in Nashville, Tenn. for the
week end performance of The
Grand Ole Opry.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1954-03-30
London Group On
$3.50 Luncheon
TV Program March "a

Mrs. K. j. Bardon, Mrs. Cletus
Higgins, Mrs. Robert Day and
Miss Ruth E. Armstrong, Wednes-
day motored to Cincinnati for the
day and appeared on the $3.50
Luncheon Television program.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1954-03-30
Ladies Auxiliary
To Elect Officers
At Supper April 3

The Ladies Auxiliary of London
Aerie, FOE will have a pot-luck
supper at the Eagles Home Tues
day evening April 6 at $50 o'clock,
At the meeting following the ses-
sion, officers will be elected and
there will be a discussion of the
Ruth Lyons Fifty Club Television
program. Members are expected to
attend.
~ ~
Mr.. and Mrs. P. E. Bacon, North
Union Street, arrived home by
plane Sunday morning after a ten
days visit with their son-in-law
and daughter, M.-Sgt. and Mrs,
James Alexander and their son.
Master Guy Phillip in Havanna
Cuba.
Evening star., 1954-04-19

suggest that If the use Of
American troops had been ut
terly ruled out in discussions
at the Security Council or the
White House. the Vice Presi-
dent would not have made
exactly the same reply.
Unless a gigantic storm of
opposition develops from the
weekend stir over the Nixon
speech, the administration can.
be expected more and more to.
develop its argument that Indo-
China is crucial to the free
world. It Is difficult to see how
it then can refrain from STEP
ping Up defense, since the
military experts continue to
say that massive retaliation"
would not work in Indo- China
and If applied to China itself
might provoke World War III.
The cloudy circumstances
under which the Nixon speech
was first publicized shows again
how badly the art Of publicity
can be practiced in a town sup
posed to be the last word on it.
How the Vice President could
have supposed that his name
could be held of a speech so
important is a mystery.
The only excuse that can be
offered for the editors who
gave him what was to have
been an anonymous forum for
it is that they must have
thought the speech wouldn't be
important.
Evening star., 1954-04-19

troll squadrons plowed through
the Mediterranean to enforce
the decree of the League of
Nations. But at the same time
a highly prosperous smuggling
operation began across the
highways and paths leading
from France to Italy. British
and French merchants began
bootlegging vital needs for the
Italian army by railway, trucks
and even by mule-back under
the benevolent eyes of the
British and French officials.
There is a remarkable
similarity between what was
happening nearly 20 years ago
in the Mediterranean and
what is happening now in the
China Sea. The shipping lanes
between Singapore and Hong
Kong and the Chinese Com
munist ports. are full OF ves-
sells carrying materials which
China needs to continue it's
aggressive policies on the Ash
attic mainland. In 1885. as In
1854, there were official denials
that such Illicit trade was
taking place. But the fact re-
mains, denials notwithstand-
ing. that this trade is going on.
It Is one Of the main headaches
OF our Joint Chiefs of Staff.
When Mussolini was rising
we did not belong" to Europe
and had no voice in its affairs.
We could only warn our erst-
while allies that they were
digging their own grave. To-
day the British and French are
our closest allies. Yet they
follow the same policy-under
worse circumstances. They are
attempting to build up China's
Communist regime in the
same manner they stimulated
the building up of the Fascist
regime after Mussolini had
become dictator Of Italy.
The advent Of Hitler was re-
garded as "ominous" by the
French and British political
leaders. But no sooner did he
get q tight grip on the reigns
Of dictatorship than the
French and British began to
coddle him. Hitler, too, had
to impress his subjects. The
mere announcement that Ger
many had thrown of the
shackles of the Versailles
treaty was not sufficient to
Evening star., 1954-04-19
Constantine Brown
Constontine Brown
Down the Same Old Road
British and French Urge Realistic Attitude on Reds;
Tactics Recall CoddIng of MussoIin and Hitler

Contemporary history ap-
parently has taught little to
our British and French friends
who are urging us to take OF
the dark glasses with which
we look at the Kremlin and
Peiping regimes and adopt a
realistic policy" toward them.
The British and French for
get that 1t was their soft atti-
tude toward Mussolini and
Hitler which gave those two
dictators real power and even
tually unleashed World War II.
Mussolini became the die
tator of italy with the tacit
approval of King Victor EN-
manuel and the armed forces
because Of the state Of con-
fusion which reigned in that
country Immediately after
World War I. But Mussolini
became the real strong man
Of Italy when he began to
fulfil his plans to establish
once more the Roman En-
pire" in Africa. The high mark
Of his ambitious plan was the
conquest of Ethiopia. In this
adventure he was helped by
France and Britain.
Mussolini invaded Ethiopia
in the summer of 1885. Prior
to this undertaking which he
had conceived a year earlier,
he talked the matter over at
a meeting in Paris with
Frances Foreign Minister
Pierre Laval and Britain's
Prime Minister Ramsay Mac
Donald. Mr.. Laval under
stood" Italy's need for a place
in the sun. Mr.. Macdonald
didn't quite. But in the end he
offered no serious opposition
on condition that Mussolini
operated in Ethiopia without
inflicting hardship on the
people Of that country.
Within some four months
after the British and French
statesmen gave what amounted
to a green light to the Italian
dictator, military operations
started.
The members Of the League
Of Nations-the predecessor of
the United Nations-became
alarmed. The League decreed
severe measures against the
Italian aggressor, including
cutting him of from all trade
including strategic materials.
Combined British-French pa
Evening star., 1954-04-19
Thomas l. Stokes
u. S. Acts to Bolster Allies
Rapid Moves in Foreign Affairs are Designed
To BoIk Reds at Geneva and in Indo-Chino

weapons, without divulging any
secret scientific knowhow.
4. Decisions on Indo-China
policy.
This last is extremely impor-
tant now because Of the crisis
in Indo- China. It included a
campaign to inform our peo-
pie Of the stakes in Indo- China
of ourselves and the whole free
world 50 they might under
stand the premise upon which
the administration intends to
act henceforth. which is, that
the battle for Indo- China is
the battle for Asia.
What was apparently the
start Of this education cam
paign was an "off-the-record"
speech by Vice President Nixon
last week to the American
Society Of Newspaper Editors
convention here. It caused
some anxiety in Congress be-
cause Of the Vice Presidents
suggestion that American
troops might have to be used
in Indo- China should France
pull out or in other possible
contingencies. The State De-
partment felt compelled to
issue a statement that the
situation the Vice President
mentioned was highly un-
likely" Otherwise, however,
the Vice Presidents analysis of
our policy in Indo-C China was
said to be in full agreement
with that already enunciated
by the President and Secre-
tary Dulles.
This is the way it is about
o-China:
The administration regards
it as the key to stopping of
further spread Of communism
IN Asia. Therefore we have a
vital interest to hold the line
there. So does the rest Of the
free world. But the admins
tration takes the position that
: ours must be the chief re-
sponSibility. as the United
States is the only country
strong enough politically at
home to take the load. Both
France and Britain are under
tremendous pressure politically
to negotiate q peace now.
There are no easy answers
Evening star., 1954-04-19

Communist states being the
sine qua non to the fulfillment
Of this millenial goal, all devia-
ton is suppressed, suspicion is
nine-tenths of the law, and
the human mind is enslaved:
The total triumph Of security
over freedom.
On the other side are
aligned the "open societies."
whose philosophy is that life
is continually unfolding, that
the survival of civilizations
depends upon character and
the exercise Of reason, that
those who fear to stand for
their beliefs lose their char
acters and are unable to exer-
else reason. that ends do not
justify means, but that the
means employed determine
the ends achieved.
In such societies, which have
given the world almost all the
civilization, culture, and
progress it has so far de-
veloped. the line between toler-
ance and the tolerable is
precisely the line between free
dom and security-personal
freedom and personal security:
national freedom and national
security. The person who
subjects every other considera-
ton to personal security is
Self-enslaved. The society
which sacrifices freedom of
thought to security becomes,
eventually, a slave society. The
free society lives dangerously.
The slave society dies Of in
ternal Stagnation.
OF all the types Of mind
that flourish or perish accord
ing to the balance of weight
Evening star., 1954-04-19
Stiff Physical Exams
Urged for Marines
BY the Assoeioied Press

The House Armed Services
Committee has called on the
Marine Corps to require stiff
physical examinations for train
ees fresh from civilian life. The
action resulted from the heat
stroke deaths of two officer can
didates at Quantico, Va, last
summer.
The committee also recon-
mended in a report made public
yesterday that the corps give
"the highest priority" to studies
dealing with susceptibility to
heat or sunStroke.
The recommendation followed
an investigation Of the deaths Of
William E. Malone. jr., Of Pei
ham, N. Y. and Joseph j. Con-
well. jr., Of Greensburg, Pa.
The men, in their early 20s
and just out of college, were
stricken after taking training
hikes during a heat wave.
Evening star., 1954-04-19
Dovid Lowrence-.-
Eisenhower Puts u. S. onRecord
Countries in Europe Can Nov DispeI Doubts Tho
Americas First Line of Defense Is There

and members Of the Foreign
Relations Committees OF both
parties in Congress Is all part
Of a master plan to prevent a
third world war. It tells the
potential aggressor explicitly
what to expect If he miscon-
strues our pacific attitude as
weakness.
The Eisenhower statement
is not In itself an executive
agreement. but an interpreta-
ton. It is not a new commit
ment. but an explanation Of an
existing obligation. The key to
it all is the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization which the
Senate ratified by an over
whelming vote. It provides that
an attack on any one of the
13 other member countries
will be regarded as If it were
an attack on the United States
itself. That's why American
troops now are in Europe and
an allied command is set up in
Paris. That's why Moscow is
so anxious to break up the
North Atlantic Treaty Organ
ization, for it is designed as a
deterrent to Soviet aggression.
But Germany has not been
permitted-due to French fears
Ito become a member Of
NATO and so the European
Defense Community plan for
continental countries only was
devised. Germany ratified it.
Britain last week said her
troops would be integrated
with EDO though she is not
a member. America is not a J
member but would associate
her troops with it in defense
Of continental Europe. France
has been hesitant to ratify
the European Defense Com
munity agreement. There have
been contentious by French
politicians that America would
withdraw from NATO as soon
as the European Defense Com
munity plan was consumated.
To allay such fears Gen.
Eisenhower pointed out that
American troops were COM
Evening star., 1954-04-19
Dorothy Thompson
Meaning of Oppenheinoer Case
Sacrifice of Freedom Of Thinking to Security
Could Mean Ultimate Loss Of Security

assigned by society to free
dom. that of the scientist 10
pre-eminently affected. The
scientific mind can function
only on the assumption that
all assumptions are open to
further exploration.
The Western world owes its
scientific and chronological
pre-eminence wholly to the
fact that it has provided the
climate in which this type Of
mind could function. It could
not function freely under
Fascism or Nazism. which i'm
posed assumptions in contra.
diction to scientific findings.
Jews, with their extraordinary
capacity for abstract thought.
could not function at all. The
scientific mind saw correctly
that the triumph Of Nazisn.
with It's plan to organize man
kind into hierarchies of SUI
perior and inferior breeds.
would mean the death Of free
inquiry.
We owe our pre-eminence
in atomic science almost en-.
tirely to the rejection by in
ternational scientists Of Ma.
zism, and Communism-to the
fact that they put their serv-
ices at the disposal of Great
Britain, the United States, and
the free world, and not at the
disposal Of Germany or the
Soviet Union. That among
them were a few pro-Soviet
persons and spies Is beside the
main point, which is that the
United States, with their aid,
did discover and perfect the
A and H bombs, and that the
SovietS were compelled to dis
cover atomic secrets here be-
cause the Soviet climate for
science prevented their dis.
covering them themselves.
Now the risk we entail 10
that we shall gradually lose
our scientific and technological
pre-eminence by paralyzing
the scientific mind.
Then the sacrifice Of free
dom to security will entail the
sacrifice Of security, too.
Released By The Bell Syndicate. Ins.l
Evening star., 1954-04-19

mitted under the NATO plan
to stay IN Europe as long as
there Is a threat to peace. He
now spells out clearly that
America counts on both the
EDO and NATO fplans to as
sure the defense of Europe
and that American military
strength will be integrated in
definitely in both.
Now, if France and Ger
many ever get to fighting
again, America would have a
free hand to decide what to
do. But as things look today
all the free countries includ-
ing West Germany are to-
gether in showing a united
front against the Soviet en-
pire. The Communists have
been trying to divide the allies
and fruStrate their diplomacy
but on the eve Of the Geneva
conference the allies are
standing together as firmly as
ever. This solidarity was of
incalculable value before the
Berlin conference and it is a
tremendously important factor
on the eve Of the Geneva con-
ference.
What a different page in
history might have been writ
ten If those Of us who urged
American entry into the
League Of Nations in the
1920's had been able to per-
suade the Republican admin
istrations of those years to
adopt a policy of announcing
in advance Americas prospec-
tive military co-operation with
France and Britain. Also
what q profound impression on
Hitler might have been made
If President Roosevelt's So
called quarantine speech" in
Chicago in the 1930's, which
so many of us supported, had
been followed by as explicit a
projection of American policy
as President Eisenhower has
just made. Maybe then the
Second World War would
never have happened.
(Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1954-04-19
Dovid Lawrence

There is something inspir-
ing about the resoluteness
with which President EiSen-
hover has proclaimed anew
Americas fidelity to the prin-
ciple Of collective security as
against the policy of isolated
aloofness which prevailed two
decades ago.
For in this age of the atomic
bomb and the intercontinental
bomber the old idea Of the two
ocean defense with a strong
navy has been superseded by
the more realistic concept
that Americas first line Of
defense is in Europe far away
from our shores.
What the President has just
said in his momentous pro-
nouncement is that the United
States is committed to the de-
tense of all of Free Europe. in
cluding Germany, and that
those abroad who have had
misgivings about the f1rmness
of our view can dispel them
now.
The fact that Gen. EiSen-
hover issued his statement Just
after the return of Secretary
of State John Foster Dulles
from conference with the
heads of the British and
French governments means
that in advance Of the Geneva
conference an allied front Of
unmistakable solidarity is being
presented. Mr.. Dulles by his in
defatigable labors and personal
persuasiveneSs has brought to
a dramatic climax a policy that
didn't start with this trip but
with many visits he has made
to Europe in the last is months.
Nor is the skill of Mr.. Dulles
and his statesmanlike approach
to the tangled problems Of
the world fully revealed by
the phrases of the statements
themselves. What is begin
ming to be realized here is that
the timing of certain state
ments and the careful prepara-
ton through discussions with
the National Security Council
Evening star., 1954-04-19
Doris FIeeson-
No New Policy in Nixon Speech
Officials Also Deny That Remarks on Use Of els
In Indo-Chino as Last Resort Was Trial Balloon

Administration spokesmen
worked hard over the week end
to isolate and sterilize Vice
President Nixon's now-famous
remark that the United States
might have to send troops to
Indo- China If the French quit
fighting there.
The Vice President, they con-
tended, did not state q new
policy or outline a new course
of action.
They point out-correctly-
that his comment came in an
swer to a hypothetical ques-
ton, and they stress. too, that.
he rejected the premise in the
question that the French might
withdraw. Frankly, they wish
he had resisted the temptation
to answer the question at all.
1t is firmly denied also that
the Vice President was floating
a trial balloon. either for the
benefit Of our allies or in the
court of American public opin-
ion. The Secretary Of State did
not see his speech in advance,
and the White House is said
to have known only that in a
general way he would drive
home the gravity Of the situa-
tion in Asia. especially with re-
spect to Indo-China.
The trouble with all this
fuller explanation is that the
Vice President carried the ar
gument which has been made
consistently by the admins
tration, including the Presi-
Evening star., 1954-04-19
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

Vice President Nixon America have to fight in
1ndoChina. Republican slogan "Outa Korea,
Editors in poll Mccarthy less popular year
than last That's This fewer people don't know him.
Congress is cool to sending American troops
We're in fix Our too small the big
H-bomb is too big for the small
Herbert budget be balanced by less
spending and no more tax cuts It n-poica speech
neither Democrats Republicans agreed with it,
Democrats blame themselves for the outcy public
housing scandal They they'd the election. you'd
never have heard of it.
First Korean Vet: Say. how do send letter
Ben Phu?" Second Korean Vet Why. know somebody
there? First Vet NO. but looks like my girl friend will
Republican leaders call Ie legislative program
looking They don't dare let 1t look behind might realize
hasn't gone anywhere yet
Evening star., 1954-04-19

establish him permanently as
the undiSputed ruler Of the
Reich. He had to demonstrate
his power abroad.
Hitler decided to re-
occupy the Rhineland when
the German army was still
weak and lacking modern
equipment. The French In
tended to oppose him. But
after World War / France
never believed in her own
capabilities. She wanted OUT
side help and sought Britain's
blessing The British politi-
clans said Hitler was only re-
occupying German land and
there was no reason to stop
him by force. international
morality forbade strong meas
ureS.
The British government ac-
cepted later Hitler's proposals
to open naval discussions
which ended in granting Ger
many permission to build a
navy one-third the strength Of
that of Great Britain. Then
followed the goodwill" poll
icieS of Prime Minister Cham
berlain. Munich and inevitably
World War II.
On the ruins of the Latin
and Germanic relationships
arose the Slavic Chinese die
tatorship which is threatening
more than the last one the
foundations of the worlds
civilization and freedom. Yet
history is repeating itself to-
day.
We are being pressed by
London and Paris to recognize
the Chinese Communist gov
ernment for the sake Of
political realism" We are
being equally urged by our
French and British friends to
adopt a more understanding
policy" toward the Kremlin--
for the sake of world peace.
Less than IS years ago the
Nazis and Fascists, after
creating a common front with
the Communists, unleashed the
devastating World War II. It
was the result of the Vests
coddling of the Berlin. Rome
and Moscow relationships at
a time when a positive NO
from the Western countries
could have nipped them in the
bud. We are now being urged
to repeat these past mistakes.
Evening star., 1954-04-19

Seldom in so short q space
has there been such a rapid
procession of developments in
our foreign policy as in the
last few days. They ramify
into every sector Of the free
world, from Western Europe to
Indo- China.
They are designed, immedi-
ately. to bolster our allies, par
ticularly France, so as to
strengthen the position of the
free world in the forthcoming
Geneva conference with Russia
and Communist China But
they likewise have a long-term
aim, whatever comes out of
that meeting which begins next
Monday. for their objective is
a solid and continuing founda-
ton for the free world al
lance.
To recapitulate, some OF
them are:
1. The Eisenhower Declara-
tion," q sort Of Monroe Doc
trine Of the free world. en-
bodied in the Presidents notes
to premiers Of the six nations
Of the projected European De-
tense Community. Here was
set forth the doctrine that any
action from any quarter that
threatens the integrity Of the
European Defense Community
will be regarded as "a threat
to the security Of the United
States" In his notes the
President gave reassuranceS
that American troops would
stay in Europe.
2. The agreement among the
United States. Great Britain
and France, reached by Secre-
tary of State Dulles in London
and Paris, to seek to create
q common anti-Communist
front in Southeast Asia similar
to NATO in Europe.
8. Introduction Of bills in
House and Senate to carry out
President Eisenhower's recon-
mendations q few weeks ago
for revision Of the atomic
energy act. They include.
among many other provisions.
authorization to inform our
Aallies about use Of atomic
Evening star., 1954-04-19

dent. to its logical conclusion.
If Indo-C China must not be
lost to the Communists. then
it Is certainly possible that the,
unpalatable step mentioned by
Mr.. Nixon must be made.
Vice President Nixon attends
the meetings of the National
Security Council, where the
policymakers review the Stub
born facts. His comment came
as he was in the process of
emptying his mind on Asia-a
mind filled with facts, possi-
.pilities and alternatives put
there by the! NSC.
It is not a new phenomenon
in Washington that officials
spill out what is on top Of,
their minds. Harry Truman
did 1t all the time; reporters
who understood what problems
had reached the White House
desk had very little trouble
provoking him into a discus
sion Of them.
The Vice President is a
working politician. He has
been presiding over the SEN
ate during some very shrewd
and probing debate about
Indo-China designed to get
the answer to just how far we
intend to go.
His reply to the editors in
dicates that in his own mind
he has decided: If it comes
to troops, troops it must be.
It Is not idle speculation to