davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
Churchill Visit

The visit Of Prime Minister
Churchill and Foreign Secretary
Eden was arranged on the spur OF
the moment less than fortnight
ago. And In light Of subsequent
events, it could hardly have come
at q more difncult moment.
The two British leaders left
London Thursday. Just before their
departure, Mr.. Eden addressed the
House of Commons and enunclateo
a new British approach to the PROB
lem Of Southeast Asia.
United States officials long have
held the view that the best. way TO
cope with the Communist menace
that is now being felt in 1ndo- emma
is to form a Southeast Asia defense
organization along the lines OF
NATO in Europe. Such an alliance
obviously, would include non
Communist states and would be
directed specifically against Com
munist aggression.
Mr.. Eden's idea was entirely dif-
ferent. His recipe for primary
peace insurance envisioned sort
of "Locarno" pact. with Communist,
neutralist and anti Communist
states all undertaking to guarantee
the peace of the area.
Side by side with a "Locarno,
Mr.. Eden said, there could also De a
defensive alliance like NATO Cor
like the Soviet Chinese treaty..
''These two systems" he said,
"would be quite different, but
need be in no way inconsistent.
Locomo Recalled
The American view was quite the
opposite. Locarno, 1t was recalled
in Washington, was signed IN 1879
in an effort to keep Germany on
other nations necks. It lasted less
than q decade and half, before
Germany plunged the world into It's
second great war. To cook up SUCH
an agreement with Russia or REQ
China, American leaders believed.
would be about like asking the cat
to help take care of the canary.
But in addition to the interna-
tional aspects of what Mr.. Eden
said, there seemed to be a matter
of personalities in his speech. TO
Commons. Although he referred In
pleasant terms to the work OF Rus
sian. Chinese and French officials
at Geneva-and even had a kind
word for American Undersecretary
of State Walter Bedell Smith-he
pointedly failed to mention Secre-
tary Dulles.
The omission vas not lost on his
listeners on either side Of the At
Iantic. And the question arose:
What effect will Mr.. Eden's ap-
parent attitude toward Mr.. Dulles
and Mr.. Dulles toward Mr.. Eden
lave on the uncertain future OF
Anglo-American unity against Soviet
Imperialism?
When the Prime Minister and
Mr.. Eden arrived on Friday. the
aged Sir Winston said, 1--WE come
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
Free World Leaders
Compete With TuIks
Between Nehru, Chou


On two sides Of the world this
week end. leaders Of three great
blocs were meeting for talks that
might well shape the future OF
Southeast Asia-if not Of the entire
globe.
In Washington. PRIME Minister
Winston Churchill and Foreign
Secretary Anthony Eden OF the
United Kingdom were closeted in the
White House with President Eisen-
hover and Secretary Of State John
Foster Dulles in an attempt TO
iron out Anglo-American differences
on Asia.
In New Delhi. Premier Chou En-
lai of Communist China was confer
ring with the worlds leading
"neutralist," Prime Minister Java
harlal Nehru of India in a meeting
seemingly designed primarily to take
part of the worlds attention away
from the White House.
And meanwhile, in other parts
of the world. the pot Of Communist
free world strife kept bubbling
dangerously.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
French Progress

Nine days ago, Pierre Mendes-
France took over the premiership OF
France on q pledge to get peace IN
Indo- China by July 20 or resign.
Already he seemed to be making
progress this week end-if progress
is the proper word.
After q false start earlier last
week, M. MendeS-France met IN
Bern, Switzerland, with Chou En-lai
to talk over settlement in the
wartorn Southeast Asian peninsula.
He came away, apparently quite
happy, with substantially the same
offer as the one Chou had given
the other Western powers a week
earlier:
1. A political settlement as well
as an armiStice must be arranged
at Geneva.
2. A unified government must be
established in Wet Nam, with
eventual countrywide elections.
3. Laos and Cambodia, the small
er two of the three Associated States
of Indo- China, will be confirmed as
French sponsored governments, but
must be "neutralized" militarily.
Reporting Thursday to the French
National Assembly M. Mendes-
France said the Geneva outcome
probably would be an armistice first,
then a political settlement. In
return the Assembly gave him what
amounted to rouSing vote OF con-
fidence by agreeing. 1928, to defer
indefinitely an examination OF the
new cabinet and M. MendeS-France'S
policies.
On another peace" front Chou
had dinner with the Cambodlan ana
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
American Views

The big Anglo-American family.
at the moment, did not seem to be
a happy one. Leading American
srokesmen, from Gen. Eisenhower
on down, were in no mood to toy
with formulae for getting along
with the Soviet bloc
Speaking Tuesday evening to
convention of weekly newspaper
editors, President Eisenhower said it
was absolutely mandatory" to the
safety of this country to keep Japan
IRON falling into the hands Of Com
muniSts. That island kingdom. he
said, is the keystone of American
policy in Southeast Asia and the
Pacific.
Earlier, Under Secretary of State
Smith returned from Geneva to ex-
press the view that the talks there
have failed. The question of Korea.
OF course, was dropped without &C
tiop week before last. Gen. Smith
banned "inf1exible opposition by the
Communists" for the Stalemate on
Korea. He seemed to have little
more hope for anything construc-
tive coming out of the Indo-China
phase of the Geneva talks. From
now on, he said, the American role
at Geneva will be that Of friendly
and interested nation. neither a
belligerent nor q participant in the
negotiations.
Congressional Reaction
Gen. Smith later briefed congress
sional leaders on the Indo-China
situation. He told/t the meeting Of 20
LEGISLATORS from both parties that
this country'S main aim now Is to
limit free world losses in Indo-
China. Among his listeners was SEN
ator william F. Knowland Of Cali
iornia, Senate majority leader, who
had felt even before Geneva that
Indo-China should not be discussed
At that meeting
A direct result Of Mr.. Eden's
"Locarno" suggestion was to snag
the $3.4 billion foreign aid bill in
the House. Representative John M.
Vorys, Ohio Republican on the For
eign Affairs Committee, warned that
'It must be made crystal clear,
either by executive statements or
legislative action, that we are not
buying any Locarno pact"
On the other side Of the Capitol.
the Senate Democratic leader, Lyn-
don johnson of Texas, called on us
and our allies to close ranks
so we can take the steps that are
necessary to preserve the free
world"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
The'Wor'

Col Carlos Castillo Armas. a
Guatemalan Communist exile
who had made an unsuccessful coup
d'etat attempt in 1850, started this
liberation war" from Honduras
week ago Friday with great fanfare
and almost immediate claims OF
spectacular successes. His goal, ne
said. was to free the Guatemalan
government of its heavy Communist
influence.
He boasted after the first day that
q third of the country, including key
ports on the Caribbean and the "a
ciflc. had been taken by his force
of 5000 men" BY this week end II
appeared that Col. Castillo had
closer to 500 men and much less
strategic real estate than he claimed.
Most of his army is made up OF
Guatemalan student exileS who hao
been living in Honduras and Mica
ragua.
Col. Castillo had counted heavily
on help from friendly peasants and
defectors from the GOODMAN Guate-
malan army, which is believed to be
non-Communist. He didn't get much
aid. Contrary to early reports,
Puerto Barrios, the big Caribbean
port, was held against the rebels.
The invaders were credited. however,
with taking a strip 10 to Is miles
wide along the 125-mile Guatemala
Honduras border.
Rodio War
Most of the fighting was on the
air waves, between rival radio broad
casters. The rebels had made
enough claims by last Thursday Tor
Col. Castillo to promote himself to
general.
The Guatemalan government OF
President Jacobo Arbenz Guzman,
meanwhile, boosted it was on the
verge of demolishing the aggression"
After a week of this kind OF hyper
polio diet, however. the outside
world had developed hard shell
of skepticiSm.
While the rebels and loyalistS were
fighting the war largely with their
mouths, neighboring Honduras got
into the act. Claiming her territory
had been bombed. Honduras pro-
tested to Guatemala and the U. N.
Three Bosic Questions
The tangled picture gets no clearer
when viewed from long range. Be-
fore the outside world can judge
this "war" it needs the answers to
three fundamental questions:
Q Who is backing the opposing
sides?
Q What are their motives?
Q How can peace and order be
restored?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
Behind Guatemala

The Importance Of the first ques-
ton. from the American point OF
view. lies in the strong conviction
here that the Guatemalan govern
ment is backed, if not controlled, oy
Moscow directed Communists. But
the stand of the Guatemalan gov
eminent. as expressed by its Charge
d'Affaires in washington last week,
Is that the "few" Communists in the
country follow the government nne'
rather than vice versa.
GuotemoIo's Cose
Here is the detailed Guatemalan
defense on the Communist charge:
Q President Arbenz is not q Com
muniSt.
The constitution. like that OF
pro-United States Costa RIGA, for
bids political parties with foreign
connections.
Q The government maintains no
diplomatic relations with Russia.
Q No member Of the Arbenz cab
met is q Communist.
o Agrarian reform and nation
alization programs in Guatemala
have no connection with commu-
nism. They do "clash with the in
terests of foreign companies. and
that is the chief cause of the cam
paign against Guatemala"
Guatemala doesn't follow the
Communist line in the U. N. On
az record votes in the 1923 ses-
sions Of the u. N. General Assembly
(plenary sessions and committee
meetinSs) Guatemala sided with
the United States 20 times, with
the Soviet bloc 20 times and abb
stained rs times. On colonial is
sues and on economic development
of backward areas. Guatemala uSu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
GuotemoIon Conflict Throws
u. N, Pan American Units
Into State of Confusion

In the days that led up to World
War II it was the fashion among
axis powers to call their local wars
incidents" Last week on the
Guatemala-H Honduras border there
was what appeared to be an incident
which both sides insisted on calling
Q war"
The confusion this war" was
causing In the diplomatic fleld-ln
the United Nations and the Organl-
cation Of American StateS-was out
of all proportion to the size and I'M
portance of the conflict itself.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27

the two companies are located at
South Bend, Ind, and Detroit.
Former President Harry S.
Truman was recuperating last
OO week at Kansas City. Mo-,
after an emergency gall bladder
and appendix operation. The TO
year-old Democrat was attended by
his former White House physician,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27

ally backed the Soviet Union. 80 ola
other Latin American countries. In
the most recent General Assembly'S
plenary sessions only. Guatemala
voted with the United States 10
times, with the q. s. s. r. 10 times
and abstained once.
U. S. Cose
Against these facts which tend to
show at least that the Guatemalan
government is not an East European
type satellite the United States has
ranged these significant points: :
Q Although the Guatemalan con-
stitution bans parties with foreign
connections, there is Communist
Party in Guatemala with close con-
nections with Moscow. 1t Is the
Guatemalan Labor Party, q member
of the governing coalition, with 4
Of the Sc seats in the Guatemalan
legislature. It's leaders visit Moscow
regularly. The Cominform mas
openly accepted it.
o Guatemala illustrated the "fal-
lacy of numbers" in equatlng RED
strength with open party members.
Estimated Communist membership
in Guatemala is only 500 to $500.
But Communists hold important
positions in government, labor,
agrarian groups, press. radio and
other influential private organlza-
tons.
President Arbenz may not be
Communist. but his political party
openly supported two Communist
leaders in the January, 1858, con-
gresSional elections.
Q The Guatemalan governments
official radio and newspaper have
disseminated prof. Communist, anti
United States propaganda for years.
o Red propaganda films accusing
the United States of archaeological
warfare" were shown widely IN gov
eminent buildings.
Q President Arbenz' wife Is
founding member of Communist
front women's organization, the
Guatemalan Feminine Alliance.
o Heads of all four pro-Arbenz po-
litical parties participated in cele-
bration of "the Communist victory
over American Imperialism in Ko-
rea." It was held in a government
school building July 81, 1858.
Five weeks ago the Guatemalan
government received 2.OOO-ton
shipment of Communist arms from
CzechoSlovakia via Communist Po-
land. Only the Kremlin'S friends
get Red arms.
Who and Why?
Answers to the first two questions
thus begin to emerge. The Aroenz
regime is getting at least some OF
it's backing from the Kremlin. whose
motive is to disrupt the tight little
club of American states which has
run Western Hemisphere affairs
since President Monroe's time.
But in the past week it has be-
come obvious, too, that the Guate-
malan Army, believed to be non
Communist if not Gntt-CommunlSt'
has at least withheld its support
from the rebel forces. To the ex-
tent of not opposing him, the army
has supported President Arbenz.
It is possible that the army is sit
ting back and waiting to provide
its services to the highest bidder.
So far, at least, President Arbenz
has managed to prevent the whole
sale assertions which could ruin
him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27

Wallace Graham. In accordance
with new post-operative practice.
Mr.. Truman was out Of bed briefly
within 48 hours after leaving the
operating table.
A record flood menaced Des
Il MOines, Iowa, last week.
We reaching a crest of 1898 feet
at 1 am. Thursday. About $500
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
Trade

TRADE, not aid" was one Of the
slogans of the Eisenhower campaign
for the presidency two years ago.
The phrase, it was explained to the
voters, meant that Republican adj
ministration would ease up on i'm
port reStrictions-tariffS and quotas
so that our allies would find it
easier to trade with us. Increased
commerce would make handouts I'M
necessary.
Last week action to substitute
trade for aid was postponed at
least another year. The Senate
voted to stick with the existing
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
for one year, meanwhile study
ing the recommended Eisenhower
changes. AS the House already has
voted to do the same, and the Presi-
dent has acquieSced reluctantly in
the one-year extension, the issue is
closed for the present.
Senate debate last week presented
a strange picture of 80 Democrats
fighting for the Presidents original
trade revision plan. while the Re-
publicans supported what all con-
cerned knew he really did not want.
The Name Is Invoked
Both sides quoted President
Eisenhower in Senate debate. The
group of Democrats, mostly northern
liberals" pointed out that the
Presidents own study group-the
Randall CommiSsion-had recon-
mended a three-year program Of
gradual tariff reduction. The DEM
ocratS offered this program as a
substitute bill.
But the Republicans pointed out
that the Randall recommendations
were controversial and complicated
and needed more study. The Pres
ident, they said, had announced he
was willing to back one-year
extension of the existing law so that
Congress would have time to thresh
out the matter thoroughly.
The key vote came on the Demo-
cratic Eisenhower substitute bill. It
lost 80 to As (32 Democrats against
80 Republicans and DemocratS).
Then the OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
bill was passed II to 3.
The measure will now go to q
House Senate conference where
minor differences between the two
houses can be worked out. White
House signature then is sure.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
star stan Photo by Gene Abbott.

mist conspiracy and the omni-
present Alger Hiss were varied
topics occupying the attention OF
Congress last week.
Meanwhile the clocks licked on.
and scheduled adjournment July 81
stood, this week end. only "a days
in the future. Whether the G. o. P.
program Con which President Eisen-
hover said the party would stand
or fall this November would be
completed remained very much Of
a question.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
Aid i

With the trade picture frozen for
a year by congressional action. the
decision on the reverse side of the
trade. not aid" coin was inevitable:
Foreign aid will continue.
The House Foreign Affairs Com
mittee approved a $3,470. sos. 900
Mutual Security Program authors
cation last week. The bill was
promptly cleared for House action
tomorrow.
There was surprisingly little
(See REVIEW, Page A-280
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
mood in France opposes any change
in the uneasy status quo.
Ship Seizure

A blast against the United States
came from a familiar quarter
Moscow-on Thursday in connec-
ton with an incident in blockaded
waters off Formosa two days earlier.
In an official note delivered to
the American Embassy at Moscow.
the Soviet Foreign Office charged
that an American destroyer had
intercepted a Russian tanker and
apparently had seized the vessel.
According to the Soviet view this
action was akin to piracy.
But the United States Govern
ment denied any such thing had
happened. Later. from Taipeh. For
mosa, came word that the Chinese
Nationalist Navy had taken the YES
sci in tow, and had impounded 1t at
the South Formosan port Of Kaoh-
Sung.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
o. The Week
Eisenhower-ChurchiII Meeting Begins

to talk over a few family mat
tiers and try to make sure there are
no Observation-Disclosures"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
EDO

EDO
In Brussels, meanwhile. the six
signatories to the European Defense
Community treaty were asked to
meet in an effort to keep edo from
dying. Paul-Henri Spaak, foreign
minister of Belgium, was believed to
have been the man behind the invi-
tation, which was issued jointly by
Belgium, the Netherlands and Lux
embourg. The other three EDO
signatorieS are West Germany,
France and Italy.
German Chancellor Konrad Ade-
nauer accepted the invitation.
Premier Mendes-France asked
that the meeting be held later than
this week.
There was the possibility, as
result Of the talks in Washington.
that West Germany might be given
full sovereignty this summer If
France continues to drag its feet on
EDO. What would happen to West
European unity in this event was
anybodys guess. but the prevailing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27

Laotian delegates to Geneva, and
later Wet Mini. French and Lao
tan military leaders conferred on
a ceaSe-f1re in Laos.
The war front in Indo- China had
a relatively quiet week. The chief
military development was an en-
gagement in South Wet Nam, 23O
miles northeast Of Saigon. where
1000 Wet NameSe repulsed an at
tack by 1000 Communists on the
coastal town of Tuyhoa.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
Congress
Trade. Aid and Forms,
McCorthy and Reds
Are Headline Topics

Foreign trade. foreign aid. the
farm program. Senator Joe Nc
Carthy of Wisconsin, the Commu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-20
HELP DOMESTIC

CLEANING WOMAN. age around 40:
experienced; 2 mornings weekly.
Dupont Circle area: refs. Phone
SATURDAY, ,AD. 2.-0324.
coon G.H.W.: live in, pvt. Irm..
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G.H.W.-2 in family; no children:
no ironing references necessary:
So week. 1915 Jennifer st. Wo.
G.H.W.-Good cook: live In; doc
tors home; Al references fond
OF and experienced with children:
EXCELLENT permanent position. Cau
G H.W.-spanish or Italian pref,
live in; $50 wk.; refs. EN-. 3-ls42.
HoUsEKEEPER. white; for fam. Of
ssfs. Sf ~ J HS,t 451 Z c,,Sd,
rectory. suburban Washin ston, good
cook for three priests, private room
and bath, maid does heavy laundry
and cleaning: Write Qualifications.
H 90 fiIhi ssa COMPANION. viii white,
aTiyfE's permit city refs ss5. BOX
MAID. T. to civ live in; some plain Coz COOK
ing; must like children (2); $50
goo week can ia. 2-7929 sun. or
before 1880 am. after pm.
weekdays. SO
WAITRESS (white) for private
home: must have references; good
salary. Write 1867 Whitehaven
St, Wash. s. D. c. -22
COUPLE, preferably with own car;
live in; home near Bethesda; good
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4-51O9 -2l
COLORED. SETTLED LADY to care
for B children; room and board;
SIS wk. Ii. 7-S246. -2l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-20
HEAD GARDENER

exper. man, white, to su-
pervise the care OF grounds for q
large hotel Liberal company bene-
fits with paid vacation, Apply
SHERATON PARK HOTEL, 1850
Woodley I'd NV. -22
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-20
ADAM A. WEsCHLER & SON
AuctiOneerS-App

i TWo-sfoRY 'R Row BRICK bWELL-
ING KNOWN AS 1927 THIRD
By virtue i, Fl a deed !. q s trust trust Fs q
corded In e1e No NO. S4o rd io9 az
the District of Columbia. and at the
request Of party secured thereby, the
undersigned trustees will offer for
sale by public auction. in front OF
premises on TUEspAAY. The 2SrSs
6 64Y ok f PH. az o heS4 at de-
scribed property in the District OF
Lot TO in Square 1868 in the sub
division made by the Thrift Building
Gomp nS. as per plat reeoF far tb IN
District Of Columbia in LiOer 70 at
TENNIS 1S#iS I1 Or SALE: Property will be
sold subject to the unpaid balance
of prior deeds of trust aggregating
approximately $500, particulars at
ssle NJ Baames cash; rd dsDos Of
sale. Examination of title, convey
ancing, recording. revenue stamps
and notarial fees at cost of pur-
chaser. Terms to be complied with
within thirty days from day. of sale.
to resell property at risk and cost
of defaulting purchaser. after B days
/ advertisement of such resale In some
newspaper published in WASHINGTON,
D. c.. or deposit may be forfeited
or without FORGETTING deposit trustees
may avail themselves of any legal
or equitable rights against de-
WERTH. GEORGE HAMLIN. Trus.
tees. HENDERSON a. MENDELSON
Attorneys for Party Secured. Colo.
RADIO Building.
fell, 13,16.1S.20