davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget. [volume] (Nome, Alaska) 1938-????, 1954-05-05
Qu~c&l&'

the letters start. Then from
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The Nome nugget. [volume] (Nome, Alaska) 1938-????, 1954-05-05
Pulitzer Prize Awarded
Newspaper Which Broke
Labor Racketeer's Power

NEW YORK, R-The successful
four-year fight by Newsday, Long
Island daily newspaper, to break
the power of a labor racketeer has
won the 1854 Pulitzer Prize for
meritorious public service.
The 1854 Pulitzer awards, an
nounced Monday, also honored
John Patrick for his play, "The
Teahouse of the August Moon,"
and Brig. Gen. Charles A. Lind
bergh for the photographed ac-
count of his 1927 transatlantic
flight in his book, "The Spirit of
St. Louis"
There was no fiction award.
Literature awards, in addition
to drama and biography, were:
History-Bruce Cation, a S.
year-old former newspaperman,
for his Civil War study, "A Still
ness at Appomattox."
Poetry-Theodore Roethke, for
''The Waking" He is University
Of Washington professor.
The Nome nugget. [volume] (Nome, Alaska) 1938-????, 1954-05-05
$40 Million Allocated
For Dust Storm Relief

WASHINGTON, REPresident
Eisenhower Tuesday allocated 10
million dollars for relief from
dust storm and drought conditions
in Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico,
Oklahoma and Texas.
The Nome nugget. [volume] (Nome, Alaska) 1938-????, 1954-05-05

John Moore. well known pilot
for Alaska Airlines for many
years will be stationed here this
summer for the company. Moore's
wife and two children accom-
panied him here.
The Nome nugget. [volume] (Nome, Alaska) 1938-????, 1954-05-05
Wilson to Visit FOrmosa

TAIPEH, Formosa, R-The us.
Embassy announced Tuesday that
Defense Secretary Charles E. Will
son will visit Formosa late this
month.
The Nome nugget. [volume] (Nome, Alaska) 1938-????, 1954-05-05
PAN AMERICAN ANYWAYS

Arriving yesterday: Mr.. NAL
lally, Mr.. Mosely, Mr. Lewis, and
Francis Fay.
Departing: Don DeLima, DR..
and Mrs. Mackenzie, Bishop Glea-
son and Herbert KunZ.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
a
Domestic

The President wanted to bring
Hawaii into the Union as the 49th
and, incidentally, Republican
State. But Democrats insisted on
having Alaska as a new Stately
coincidence, Democratic. The White
House would not accept Alaska. say
ing it was not ready for statehood.
and the Democrats would not swal-
low Hawaii unless Alaska were IN
cluded. So no new States were voted.
One of the innovations recon-
mended by the President was pro-
gram of Government insurance for
private health insurance companies.
It was designed to bring the high
cost of medicine closer to the reach
of the average voter. But the old cry
Of .socialized medicine was raised
and the plan was killed in the House.
There was no labor legislation OF
consequence In the session. The
White House wanted to amend the
Taft-Hartley Act. mostly cleaning
up administrative details, but both
labor and management were sus-
picious Of some amendments. Re
suit was defeat for the bill.
President Eisenhower wanted an
18-year-Old vote law, but he could
arouse no enthusiasm for the con-
stitutional amendment. It died in
the Senate.
The old plea for District home
rule was turned down through con-
gressional inaction. Only one meas
ure. to give Washington q city
council. as much as cleared COM
mittee.
A big gun In the anti Communist
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Welfare

The Republican Congress did not
put an end to the welfare state, but
it did strike few blows at Creeping
socialism" The Presidents request
for 100000 public housing units was
slashed to $4,000. Other programs,
however, for home construction loan
guarantees, slum clearance and COM
munity rehabilitation, were approved
as the President asked.
At the last minute, social security
bill was passed. It extended cover
age, mostly to farm, domestic and
self employed workers, and in
creased payments. Threats to re-
vamp the social security program
were not carried through.
Bills to extend unemployment
benefits and to give States o bigger
hand In spending the money were
approved.
A White House conference on aid
to education was approved.
And one small health bill-to ex-
pand the program Of aid to States
for surveys Of medical facility needs
was passed.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Other Probes

Alleged abuses of the housing laws
were investigated by two committees.
They found evidence of "windfall"
profits to some builders running into
the millions of dollars, made pos
sible by poorly worded laws and lax
administration. There also was a
strong possibility of fraud, but more
would be heard from that quarter in
months to come.
Most exasperating investigation
was conducted by a special House
committee studying tax-exempt
foundations. Before the investiga-
tion started, a committee staff
report found major foundations
guilty of leaning vaguely toward the
left. Then the prosecution" wit
nesses were heard in lengthy public
sessions. But before the defense"
could speak up. the hearings were
closed, and stayed closed.
One investigation might have been
major factor in the current reduc-
tion OF coffee prices. Congressman
tried to find the cause of the sudden
jump in prices early in the year.
They found some speculation and
some plain confusion. Prices row
are coming down, and reforms in the
coffee industry seem likely in the
next Congress.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
EDO
Mendes-Frunc~ Gets
Cought in q Tight Bind
Of His Own Devising

There are two ways of looking at
Frances brash new Premier.
To some, Pierre Mendes-France Is
a breath of fresh air-a man who
has lifted his country out OF the
quicksand in which 1t has floundered
these postwar years and onto the
hard ground Of reality. He mas
made France act like the second
class power it is and quit pretending
it still is a first-class power.
To others, he Is the man who has
given Indo-C China to the Com
munists after only half b fight and
who wants to destroy Europe's best
chance for a peaceful, prosperous
future Through the European De-
tense Community.
News of the mortal peril of EDO
burst upon the world last week when
M. Mendes-France's drastic plan for
modifying the controversial six-na-
ton military organization. was re-
veaIed.
EDO was a French concoction.
originally. 1t was device to pre-
vent uncontrolled German rearma-
ment.
Under the present edo treaty.
West Germany, France, Italy. Bel
gium, the Netherlands and Luxem-
bourg would form an international
army whose command would be a
six-nation composite. Thus five
neighbor nations would share with
Evening star., 1954-08-22

Federal workers pay. It was a nice
present to the civil service and
postal employes-averaging 5 per
cent raise-but 1t also was a DEM
onstration of responsibility by
Congress. Both houses refused to
vote additional revenue to finance
the pay increases, as the President
had requested.
In its role as Washington's city
council, Congress approved a $305
million city works program, ap-
proved construction of two new
bridges across the Potomac, voted
to keep arrest books open to the
public, approved record $170 mill
lion annual budget. voted to set
up District Maryland transit
regulatory commission and ap-
proved a plan to survey Metropoli-
tan area traffic problems.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
cCorthy's Year

Though Congress had its investi-
gative finger in many pies, none OF
its probes was more exciting-or.
apparently, less def1nitive-than
that having to do with Senator
Joseph r. McCarthy's dealings with
the Army in the matter of Pvt.
Gerard David Schine.
Like most of the things involving
the junior Republican from Wis
consin, this one had wheels within
wheels. AS head Of the Senate's
permanent Investigations subcom-
mittee, Senator Mccarthy last
winter and spring had produced
considerable smoke (but little OBJ
servable fire) in inquiries into SUBJ
versive influences in defense plants
and Army installations. AS he con-
tinued to ride the Army mule, a
saddle-gall developed and finally
broke open on the issue of Brig. Gen.
Ralph w. Zwicker.
From Zwicker to Schine
BY a route too tortuous to chart
briefly. the trouble over Gen.
Zwicker's testimony Gin the case
of an Army dentist accused Of being
a Red) led to trouble over one of
the Senator's own men-Dave
Schine. Mr.. Schine, hotel-chain
heir, had been an unpaid con-
sultant to the Mccarthy group
before being drafted into the Army.
Talk about favored treatment Of
Pvt. Schine had been heard for
many months. It was given formal
status In list of accusations by the
Army involving Senator Mccarthy.
Roy M. Cohn (his chief counseD and
Frank Carr (his staff chief. The
three, the Army said. had used all
manner Of pressure to get Pvt.
Schine commission, and failing
that, to get preferential treatment
for him as an enlisted man.
The Mccarthy side countered with
charges that the Army had used
Pvt. Schine as . hostage in an
effort to end the Mccarthy probe
of Red influences in the Army.
From this situation developed the
now-famed Army Carthy hear
ings-161 hours and 20 minutes Of
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Review Of The Week: Congress Ends Hectic Session

testimony and argument. most Of 1t
acrimonious. much of 1t irrelevant.
Enter Ralph Flanders
Midway in the televised hearings,
a new figure emerged Ralph e.
Flanders. the 73-year-old Republic
can junior Senator from Vermont.
In a series Of Senate-floor attacks
on Senator Mccarthy, Senator
Flanders called his Wisconsin coll
league everything from Dennis the
Menace" to a Hitler (junior r-grade).
Finally. he asked for censure of SEN
ator Mccarthy.
This series of attacks, gleefully
latched onto by other anti-McC Carthy
personages (their name is legion)
resulted in the appointment of
six-man select committee to study
the question Of censure. This is q
seldom attempted. even more rarely
invoked. means of Furnishing re-
calcitrant member.
AS Congress folded its tents, both
issues were still in doubt. The spe-
cial Army Nice Carthy inquiry had not
yet published its report; the select
committee on censure still was not
sure 1t could start its hearing by the
target date Of August 80.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Politics
MitcheII's IVA Churoe,
Presidents Tounts Open
The Vote-Huntinq Season

The kickoff of the fall political
campaign came in Chicago Monday.
when Democratic National Chair
man Stephen A. Mitchell booted a
large mud-ball in President Eisen-
hower's direction.
The private power company which
got the contract the Tennessee
Valley Authority wanted, said Mr..
Mitchell, had a special Gin" with the
President. One of it's directors is
Bobby Jones, the golfer-friend of
Gen. Eisenhower. Steering business
to ones friends is pretty sinister
business, Mr.. Mitchell implied.
President Eisenhower laughed it
off next day. That's a heckuva
way to talk about great American
: like Bobby Jones, he cracked. Mr..
Mitchell stubbornly reasserted his
vague charge Wednesday.
Older hands in the Democratic
Party were none too pleased with
the Mitchell performance, however.
They weren't averse to mud-slinging
but they deplored the elemental
folly Of attacking a national hero
of Mr.. Eisenhower's stature with
so feeble q weapon as Mr.. Mitchell's
appeared to be. No evidence Of
malice aforethought was produced.
Thursday President Eisenhower
charged back to the hustings in
Springfield's Illinois State Fair
grounds. He taunted the prophets
Of gloom who have been conducting
hand-wringing sessions about the
state of the Nations economic
health. Foremost among these. 1t
so happens, Is Democratic Senator
Paul Douglas of Illinois who is run
ming for reelection in November.
Mr.. Douglas continues to be appre-
hensive, in spite of the Presidents
increasing optimism about an eco
nomic pickup this fall.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Appropriations

The sessions record in clearing
the unglamorous money bill was an
impressive one. For the first time
in several years all the regular ap-
preparation bills were passed before
the new fiscal year started, July /.
Equally impressive was the sue
cess President Eisenhower had in
getting his way. He asked for $442
billion in new regular appropria-
tions. Congress gave him SAT-.
Going by recent standards. he could
have expected cuts of another three
or four billion. Last years new,
regular appropriation totaled $48.3
billion.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Tax, Economic

AS spending went down, so did
taxes. Excise taxes came down
about 81 billion, despite President
Eisenhower's request they be held
steady.
An omnibus tax reform bill also
reduced payments on some dividend
income and some personal income.
Corporation taxes were kept at ex-
tsting levels, but other concessions
were given business. Main purpose
of the monumental reform bill.
however. was to codify O hodge,
podge Of existing laws.
Congress lifted the national debt
ceiling by Sc billion, to $281 billion.
but warned the Treasury it would
have to go back to the old ceiling
next July.
Another major victory for the
President was passage Of the first
Evening star., 1954-08-22

That perennial money-loser, the
Post Office, tried to engineer postal
rate boost, but was turned down in
votes by both Senste and House.
A bill to raise congressional and
judicial salaries was allowed to die
because congressman were afraid
the voters would misunderstood a
pay boost. And after all, this is
election year.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Investigations

It was not an investigating Con-
gress, despite numerous headlines
generated by q few spectacular
probes. Compared with the 82d
Congress, when by actual count in
vestigations outnumbered public
bills passed, the SD was q piker.
There were q few worth noting,
however.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Passed

The Republican Party will depend
on the many hundreds of public
bills passed this year to sell the
voters In November on another G.
o. P. Congress. 8.
Each Of these new laws will pro-
duce votes from some group Of in
terested persons. But here are the
major bills-the ones the whole Ma
ton viii use to Judge the eight
month session.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Foreign

One congressional failure" was
a significant victory for the ad-
ministration. The Bricker amend
ment to put more of the treaty.
making power into the hands Of
Congress was backed by the con-
servative wing of his party. But
White House pressure and Demo-
cratic votes defeated the constitu-
tionaI amendment.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Subversion

There was much talk during the
session about new weapons to fight
communism, but positive action was
delayed until the last few weeks.
Most spectacular bill was the result
Of an unexpected Democratic move
to outlaw the Communist Party.
(See article by Richard Fryklund on
Page A-27) It was opposed by the
administration, but popularity of the
bill forced White House acceptance
of what it hoped was relatively
innocuous amended bill.
In an attempt to circumvent pleas
of fifth amendment" Congress ap-;
proved a witness immunity law
which would remove q reluctant
witness fear of possible self-incrimi-
nation. The bill would permit
Federal Judge to grant immunity
from prosecution to q witness whose
testimony was deemed vital In q
national security investigation. I'm
mune from prosecution, the witness
would have to tell all or go to jail
for contempt.
Another new gimmick was q bill
to take citizenship away from a per-
son convicted Of conspiring to advo-
cate violent overthrow Of the Gov
ernment.
And espionage and sabotage laws
were extended to cover modern forms
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Byposse!d

But 1t was not just one smooth
sweep to success for the Republi-
cans. There were setbacks, aban-
doned bills and defeated bills. It
will be up to the Republicans to
explain away the failures as they
boast Of the successes.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
District

Not strictly aimed at Washington,
but more significant here than any
State was a last-minute increase in
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Farm

President Eisenhower exercised
his political power most effectively
on the farm price support bill. High,
rigid supports on basic agricultural
products had been fixture on the
Nations farms since World War II.
Recent Congresses have been stopped
dead by the powerful Midwest-South
farm bloc when they tried to aban-
don the program. This year, how
ever, the President forced a shift to
lower, flexible supports. It was a
real battle. He lost skirmishes In
both House and Senate Agriculture
Committees, but won close victories
in floor action. The new law also
gives the Secretary of Agriculture
more power to control farm pro-
duction.
Congress also voted, sorrowfully.
to increase the Commodity Credit
Corps borrowing power so that it
could buy up more surplus crops.
Evening star., 1954-08-22

session OF the 83Q congress. Two dig
questions were asked:
o How did Ike do?
Q To what extent did the first Re-
publican administration in 20 years
change the face of America?
The sideline scorekeepers had not
started their adding and subtract
ing when the White House produced
its own box score. At news con-
ference called just before Congress
went home, Eisenhower aides
proudly announced an $50 batting
average.
They figured it this way: Sixty-fve
bills were requested by the President.
only II failed to pass.
It was an impressive score, but not
quite SO accurate as the score indi-
Gated by a neutral survey. Con-
gressional Quarterly, private, non
partisan news and research organ1-
zation, keeps annual statistics on
presidential success with Congress.
It's preliminary findings indicate
President Eisenhower made about
225 specific requests, many OF them
Jumped together for legislative pur-
poses. It seems that the White
House had forgotten some OF its
requests and had added few when
no one was looking. SO his actual
batting average viii ruin below $3.50
but still well over 500.
Better Thon Trumon's
And 500 was way over the horizon
during recent Democratic years.
President Truman in the years l947
through 1852 averaged ATT, .457.
AL, .442, .404 and .349. President
Eisenhower last year scored .727.
but asked for only tiny program
Of A pieces Of legislation.
So 1854 was an excellent year for
the President, even II not as big as
his staff claimed.
The reason for the burst Of work:
First, much was left to be completed
from the first session: second. the
White House program was not whip
ped completely into shape until this
year; third, Congress; when 1t got
down to work along in June. did a
yeoman job.
Though the Presidents box score
was mostly quantitative evalua-
ton, It also is evident he did well
uualitatively. A close look at the
20 roll-call votes which in the long
run will likely prove the most sig
nificant of the session, shows ,Presi-
dent Eisenhower took stand on ,16.
His views prevailed 10 times, a .625
average.
He lost four times because of de-
fections from the Republican Party.
Democratic votes saved him on two
of his victories.
How Big a Change?
Did the Republicans undo the New
Deal revolution? Obviously not.
Major reversals were absent, but
some changes in direction were Wis
ible.
The atomic energy act, for in
stance, showed the new administra-
tion was putting greater reliance on
private enterprise. And the slow
down in Federal aid to States in
dicated de-emphasis of the role of
the National Government.
On the other hand, the Republi-
cans expanded and liberalized the
social security program and re-
tanned modest public housing law.
In foreign policy the outlook was
still "internationalist." with some
dissent in Congress. Taxes came
down, but not much. Benefits were
divided between business and in
dividuals. The budget was not
balanced, but great strides were
made In that direction.
The last two years demonstrate
there Is o difference between the
parties. albeit o modest one.
Evening star., 1954-08-22

arsenal, permission to use wiretap
evidence in trials involving sub
version, stalled and died in Senate
committee after being passed by
the House.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Batting Average Claim Of $3.50 Appears
Hiqh, but Work Done Still Looks Good

Congress It's demonstration Of how
group really when their quit for
and politics.
until the 84h Congress will
subject this fall by leaders
findings the committee studying the Mccarthy
action.
eauate the
Evening star., 1954-08-22

of warfare and to make peacetime
spying subject to the death penalty.
Evening star., 1954-08-22

st. Lawrence Seaway authorization
Other Presidents in both parties had
tried and failed.
The bill to amend the atomic en-
ergy law was mostly domestic In
its effects. It will permit some par
ticipation by private industry in
production Of atomic energy. This
was the bill which set of two
week filibuster in the Senate last
month and delayed adjournment of
Congress.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Foreign

The big job in foreign policy was
extension of the foreign aid pro-
gram for another year with an
other $28 billion to spend. Included
in the authorization law was a re-
quest that the President explain it
all to Congress II Red China is ad-
mitted to the United Nations
mild version Of Senate Majority
Leader William F. Knowland's de-
mand for automatic withdrawal
from the q. N. If Macs China is
admitted.
President Eisenhower was disap-
pointed by the foreign trade bill ap-
proved. He wanted to start on the
trade, not aid" program this year,
reducing tariffs drastically. But
Congress voted only to extend the
existing law year.
Part of the atomic energy act
was aimed abroad. It will permit
limited exchange of atomic ma
terial and information with allies.
A treaty of mutual defense with
South Korea cleared the Senate
with ease.
Evening star., 1954-08-22
Whot Next?

That would not mean the last
chance for linking West Germany
with the free world had passed, or
that European unification was
dead hope. But it would mean that
the West would have to move fast
(a) to save the friendly government
of Chancellor Konrad Adenauer in
West Germany, tb) to bring his
country into NATO on an equal
basis, and tc) to push political and
economic phases of European uni
fication.
Not the least of the worries would
be that France would turn away
from M. Mendes-France as he him-
Continued on Page A-28)
Evening star., 1954-11-29

summer theater circuit in
Autumn Crocus."
I asked her about her ambi-
ton as a concert singer, the
phase of the business which
started her off.
"Oh, I don't want to con-
centrate on any one thing now,
but I am going on another con-
cert tour after the first of the
year." she replied.
i Y y u
Miss Truman is very firm in
denying rumors that she has po-
litical ambitions, a conjecture
arising from her recent cam
paigning for Averill Hartman
| in New York.
Thirty years of living with
politics has been enough" she
said.
She added that her dad had
never lnterfered with her choice
of a career, but I discovered that
she sometimes exerts her will
over his.
Dad wanted to do a lot oil
campaigning in this past elec-
ton, but mother and I held him
back-with the doctors help
He's in fine health, but we knew
he would overdo it If he got
started"
She apparently was under nc
strain despite rehearsing fol
Jimmy's TV show.
II never learn the dialogue
until the night before the show
because I've learned that it's
always changed at the last min
ute In comedy shows anyway
she told me.
! (Copyright 1854, Mirror Enterprise Col