davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-13
By Soul Pett

SUMNdERTON, s. C.-This is
Clarendon County, in the deep
South. where humans. not legal alb
stractions, are caught up in o two
color world they never made.
Riding through this back country.
where the march toward integration
of the white and colored races is
likely to meet more resistance than
In most places in the South. you
pass magnolia and gum trees and
towering pines dripping with Span
ish moss. You pass gray loan cotton
fields and white sandy roads and
scrubbed-up Negroes going to town
on q Saturday afternoon. some in
cars. others in surveys or high side
board wagons drawn by mules. Here,
Negroes far outnumber the whites.
Occasionally, where Sherman by
passed them. you see old Colonial
houses hidden behind moss-draped
trees like dim dream. The old
slave huts are gone but many Negro
Shacks remain, implanted, tiny,
crowded with humanity.
Along the highway you pass Negro
kids waving cans of bait for sale.
In the fields you see whole Negro
families at work. The father of in
one quarter blowing behind mules.
The mother and children out with
their hoes and floppy hats, Chop
ping" or thinning cotton plants.
Perhaps it is only a visitors i'm
agination, but as he looks at the
hot haze sitting heavily on the fields
and farms. he senses a brooding
quiet. This is a place with a long
memory.
MY grandfather was slave"
said a Negro farm woman. HE never
knew what a shoe was. He never
knew who bought his father and
mother. He had it tough. We've got
1t better. Our children will have
1t better still when they get all
their rights as humans"
MY grandfather was slave
owner" said a white farm woman.
"You Northerners don't understand
that we've only known Negroes as
our servants. We feel kindly toward
them but we only know them as a
completely separate race. We aim to
keep it that way"
Summerton, where one Of the his
toric Supreme Court cases on school
segregation began three years ago
has about $500 people-roughly
100 colored to 400 whites. Most
folks farm for living, cotton gen.
orally being the money CROP" The
town business district is little more
than one block of State highway,
where promptly at Thursday noon
every storekeeper closes up to go
fishing.
Occasionally, you see small white
and colored children going OF to
play, together. In such cases the
Negro boys parents usually work for
the white parents, as household or
farm help. Almost invariably, when
the children reach a later age, II or
H.. they stop playing together. The
whites. insist on it. The Negroes ex-
pect it.
In Summerton, where Negroes
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-13
Hoey's Successor Is Man
Of Calm, Judicial Mien
By Robert E. WaIioms

RALEIGH, N. CAS- soon as cleo
ton laws can be complied with,
North Carolina will have two new
members Of the United States
Senate.
One Of them is already sworn in
but the other, who was designated
first, must wait until late in the year
to take Office. After some hesitation,
Gov. William B. Umstead completed
the shift in Senators last Saturday
by appointing Associate Justice Sam
j. Erwin of the State Supreme Court
to succeed the late Senator Clyde
r. Hoey, who died on May IL.
Under North Carolina law. the
appointment will run until the next
general election on November 2. In
the meantime, the Democratic State
Executive Committee must meet and
nominate a candidate to run in
that election for the remainder of
the Hoey term, which ends January
3, 1857. Enough members of the
committee have already expressed
themselves in favor of the nomina-
ton of Justice Erwin to make it
virtually certain he will be nomi-
mated. In this State the Democratic
nomination means election, al
though the Republicans will have
candidates for both Senate seats.
Won Primary Bottle
Former Gov. w. Kerr Scott de-
feated Senator Alton A. Lennon,
who was appointed by Gov. Umstead
last July, following the death of
Senator Willis Smith, in a
holly contested Democratic primary
on May 20. Mr.. Scott will be elected
in November for the few remaining
weeks of the Smith term and for
O full six-year term ending January
3, 1861. But Mr.. Scott will have to
wait until after November %, the
date fixed by law for certifying the
election returns, to take office.
In the meantime. Gov. UmStead
(who himself served in the Senate
by appointment from December,
1916, to November. 1948) viii have
the rare distinction Of having two
of his NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. Len
non and Ervin-serving simultane-
ously.
Mr.. Scott. who now leads the lib
eral wing Of the party in North
Carolina, lost no time in pronounc-
ing the Erwin appointment good. I"
thus making favorable action by the
committee even more certain. How
ever, the conservative wing Of the
Democratic Party In this State,
headed by Gov. UmStead. effectively
controls the committee. Senator
Erwin could have won the nomina-
ton without any help from Mr..
Scott In the absence Of strong oppo-
sition.
Strong Conservative
Senator Erwin. at 81 just i've
months younger than Mr.. Scott, is
definitely Q conservative. Friends of
both men predict, however. that
Senators Erwin and Scott will ex-
perience friendly personal relations
in the Senate. They are expected to
disagree on some important issues,
but the lines Of disagreement are
not fully practicable.
The new Senator is much better
known in the State than was Sem
ator Lennon at the time of his ap-
Monument. The latter's public serv-
ice had been confined to two terms
ia the State Senate and the judge
ship Of o county recorders court.
Senator Erwin. on the other hand.
has long been well-known 70 North
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-13

but now lives in Atlanta, supplies
the house and the go acres which
Mr.. Hilton farms. He has IL acres in
cotton, the remainder in corn, sweet
potatoes, oats and wheat. The an
nual rent is one-quarter of the cot
ton crop, which in recent years had
averaged about $3.50.
Ages Of the children range, from
to %. The two oldest boys, one of
whom was wounded while fighting
in Korea. now work in New York
and Washington, D. c. The Oldest
girl majors in home economics at
South Carolina State, Negro school
at Orangeburg. This costs her father
about $700 year. In the hope Of
earning money to send other chill
dren to college, Mr.. Hilton has ex-
banded his livestock. He now has
nine head of cattle and eight head
of hogs.
Until two years ago. the Hilton
children went to small, wooden pub
lie schools. Heat, they said, was sup
piled by a coal stove in each class
room which sometimes smoked them
out; the roof leaked and the school
was so overcrowded that in some
cases two teachers had to teach two
different classes in the same room
at the same time.
Now the picture has changed
sharply, in the wake of previous
lower court decisions which ordered
the State to make Negro school
facilities equal to the white. Today,
the Hilton children attend class in
clean, bright, modern buildings
which would shame many schools in
the North.
Result of Court ActioK ~
The Scott Branch school is good
example. It was here that the
parents Of 40 Negro children began
their court fight against segregation
in 1851. A Federal district court up
held the doctrine of separate-but-
equal facilities and ordered the State
to equalize Negro schools. Ulti-
mately. this became one Of the four
cases in which the Supreme Court
outlawed the separate but equal
doctrine.
The new building, now being used.
is one story. It has many windows,
cheerful classroomS which did not
seem overcrowded to this observer
and a large, modern cafeteria which
doubles also as an auditorium. A
combination gym and auditorium
now is being built.
Scott Branch, which is both an
elementary and high school for
Negro children in and around Sum-
merton, has 81 teachers and 80
classrooms for 1900 students. The
salary schedule for the Negro teach
ers is the same as for the whites.
The pay ranges from $3.50 to- $278 a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-13

Chief Justice Earl Warren, either
on the bench of the Supreme Court
or at the bar of public opinion,
hardly would pass judgment on the
first year of the life term he &C
copied last October. Without hand
ing down a final decision, however,
observers outside the marble halls
already can come to some convic-
tions about him.
The most surprising achievement
credited to him by many lawyers
and laymen was the unanimity Of
the opinion in the school Segrega-
ton cases. A look at other majority
opinions he wrote, the diSSentS he
made and the amount of legal and
administrative work he did during
the term that ended last Monday
produces additional surpriSeS-espe-
cially to any one who last fall tabled
him as a genial middle-of 1.-The
roader with more of an executive
bent than a judicial temperament.
The Chief Justice has grown
steadily surer of himself in presid-
ing on d Gays ana at oral arguL1e1lI
sessions. He quickly dispelled any
expectation that for the first season
he would coast along by letting his
colleagues row-or rock-the juridi-
cal craft.
Harmony Coins
Less outward evidence of personal
bitterness or pickering among the
nine brethren was diScerned at this
session than at any session in many
years. That seems a sure sign that
Chief Justice Warren has put to
good advantage his talent for team
work, peacemaking and reasonable
compromise.
Meanwhile, it is pertinent to note
that Chief Justice Warren wrote
more than his share of opinions, not
including the per curtain unsigned
opinions. He turned out nine, more
than any other member except JUS
tice Black who produced an equal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-13

What it has taken India 80 years
to attain politically and Ceylon 10
years, the Gold Coast Ca British
West African dependency of As mil
lion people, will probably attain in
less than four years. Under recent
constitutional changes, the Gold
Coast will soon become the first
African colony to have an all-Afri-
can Legislative Assembly and an ALL
African cabinet. The speed with
which this change is taking place
has aroused both sympathetic and
understanding support and highly
critical opposition. CONSERVATION
and fear among Asian and African
states as well as in Europe and the
United States.
In 1851, when the first general
elections were held in the Gold
Coast, elaborate steps were taken to
train the entire population Qiteracy
rate varied from per cent in GER
tain sections of the Northern prov
inces to Is per cent in the capital
city Of Accra) in matters Of regis
tration and voting.
When the Convention Peoples
Party (CPP) attained an over
whelming victory at the polls. the
British Governor-Sir Charles Noble
Arden larke-with the courage
that has characterized his entire adj
miniStration, made q quick and mo-
mentouS decision. He released the
CPP's leader. Observation-Disclosures
Kwame Nkrumah. from jail where
he had been imprisoned on charges
of sedition against the government,
and made him leader Of govern
ment business.
One year later, Mr.. Nkrumah was
made Prime Minister. Dire prophe-
cies were made that the govern
ment's pace was much too fast. that
Mr.. Nkrumah was "a leftist agitator
with close ties with the Communist
Party" and that no good could come
Of his appointment.
Trust Appears Justified
Four years Of responsibility, how
ever, have shown that the Prime
Minister is q courageous but mode
rate statesman. who has justified
Sir Charles confidence in him. His
government has managed its eco
nomic and financial affairs well
(ths budget u balanced and charges
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-13
Whites Are Adomont

In Summerton, the white position
is clear and strong. If integration
is forced on them. they say. they'll
send their children to private
schools. There is some talk Of rails
ing money for such schools by pri-
vate subscription.
Most Of Summerton's whites fear
that school contact would lead to
social contact and social contact
would lead to intermarriage.
That one word, intermarriage, is
the end fear in all the discussions
and leads to the inevitable question
put to the visitor, would you want
your daughter to marry Negro?"
White people in Summerton don't
take kindly to a Northern reporter
down here on segregation story.
They think that Yankee writers
tend to distort the white side OF
the picture in favor of the Negro.
They think Northern writer's are in
clined to picture all Southern whites
as deSpotic and illiterate hillbillieS
and all Southern Negroes as down.
trodden, poverty stricken doctors OF
philosophy.
For this reason, no white person
interviewed for this story would al
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1954-05-21

KAPPAs HONOR WILKINS - Approximately
Loco Chicagoans recently attended q banquet given
by tho Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity In honor Of
assistant Secretary OF Labor, j, Ernest wilkins
(leftl and Virgin Islands governor, Archie A. Alex
ander (who could not aticndl. Judge Fred Duke
Slater presents the certificate 20 wilkins News
press Photol
Evening star., 1954-05-05
PACKARD SALES .KNOW.NOW
80 YEARS

We acquired an organization that has been SELL
ing and servicins PACKARD at the same loca.
ton for over 80 years! When you talk PACK
ARD with u.s. you are talking to folks who
KNOW PACKARD inside and out, and who
want to meet you personally.
Evening star., 1954-05-05
Love Thy Neiehbor, You Say?
At Least Some Politicians Do

father of all. It means that the
political power Of any govern
ment must be considered an op-
portunity, not to favor individ-
uals but to do well for ALL"
DIR. Martin NiemOiler, German
anti-Nazi religious leader: Read
the Sermon on the Mount, as
st. Matthew has it in Chap
tiers ST. Then compare what
is going on in the so. called
Christian world with what hap
pened in India in Mahatma
Gandhi'S days"
Robert Schuman, former
French Foreign Minister: poll
tics ought to be human brother
hood in practice. It means that
our European politics will also
have to be founded on solidarity
among European nations"
DR.. Hewlett Johnson, the So
Evening star., 1954-05-05
Wheels Of Government
Payroll Checks Roll Out
At Rate of 500 Per Hour

agent Of the Treasury Depart
ment, and given to you.
If you make overtime in a pay
period, you get supplemental
check, produced by a different
process. The agency sends a list
of the payments to the disburs-
ing officer. This list is copied on
a sheet with a piece of special
carbon paper upside down un-
derneath it.
The sheet is passed across the
check, pressure and a special
fluid are applied from the top.
and the carbon comes off on the
check face. This method also is
used for payments for goods and
services bought by the Govern
ment, income tax refunds and
the like.
Each check costs the Govern
ment and average of 5A cents.
Evening star., 1954-05-05

IF you are on a Government
payroll in the Washington area,
this is the way you get your pay:
In a file cabinet in the Treas
ury Annex is a metal plate with
your name and the amount of
your pay stamped on it. Also in
the plate are a constellation of
holes.
Trays full Of these plates are
taken. on a tight schedule. to
machines that stamp your name
and the amount on the familiar
green IBM card check. Another
machine punches holes in the
check to indicate the amount
and the date (these are trans
cribed from the holes in the
plate). The completed check is
thrown into a machine that
signs the name of Paul D. Ban
ming. Chief Disbursing Officer.
This operation, finishing
checks untouched by human
hands, is the pride of the dis
bursting Office. It is made pos
sible by a special Addressograph
machine. developed by Govern
ment experts and the equip
ment manufacturers. It can
produce your check, and those
of 500 fellow workers, in one
hour.
The checks are fed into an
other machine, which writes
the information on a roll of pa
per. This is sent to the agency
you work for. where it is veri-
fed. If you no longer are en-
ployed. your name is taken off
at the agency, and the roll is
returned to the annex, Your
check is then destroyed.
Meanwhile, the checks have
been run through a microfilm
machine, which photographs
them at the rate of $50 a min
ute.
Your check is then forwarded
to your agency. as a certified
Evening star., 1954-05-05
Orotory Winner Enters
Eastern Zone Contest

Frank Narr, 17-year-old senior
at Suitland (Md.) High School,
will compete in the eastern zone
Hearst Oratorical Contest May
II in Albany, N. Y.
He recently won the Maryland
title from five other contestants.
Young Narr is the son of Mr..
and Mrs. A. j. Narr, 5151 Silver
Hill road. Suitland. Md.
Evening star., 1954-05-05
The Assoeiossd Press

AARHUS, Denmark, May S.
A young Danish theological stu
dent asked world political and
religious leaders if ''love thy
neighbor" still applied. He got
no replies from the Communist
world. but half a dozen answers
from Western leaders. including
United States Secretary of State
Dulles.
Tage Elmholdt, a 21-year-old
student at Aarhus University,
said he asked the same question
in all letters: Does neighborly
love mean anything at all in
politics?"
Here are some Of the replies:
Mr.. Dulles: "Neighborly love,
in political action, means loving
others. based on the brotherhood
that was created with God as the
Evening star., 1954-05-05

called Red dean" Of Canter.
bury: ITO love your neighbor
means giving the chance of liv-
ing a full. rich. life to every one,
regardless OF race and pation-
allty. ~. Until we begin to
hight for this we had, perhaps,
better not mention the word
ne1ghborly love at ALL"
Evening star., 1954-05-05

Mr.. Banning. a cost accountant,
watches his production techni-
queS in the manner of a four
eyed hawk and hopes to cut the
price of each check to under a
nickle this year.
The Washington disbursing
ofdce-one of 26-iS under P. j..
Larkin, regional disbursing Of
ficer. His 435 co-workers turn
out IS million checks a year. In
one recent two-week period, SAL
aries alone paid by his Office
totaled $32, 2,480, ,062.77.
Evening star., 1954-05-05
Reserved for CIerics

BOSTON.-The word "vener-
able" while meaning worthy of
honor. respect and reverence, is
specifically used as a title of ad-
dress to designated archdeacons
of the Anglican Church.
Evening star., 1954-05-05
FoirIond Supper

The women's guild of st.
Marks Episcopal Church. Fair
land. Md. will serve chicken
and ham supper from S to 8
pm. tomorrow in the parish
hall.
Evening star., 1954-05-05
X FIRST PRIZE

A one.week trip for two to the Carib.
bean by air with room and meals at the
Caribe.Hilton and $500 Gift Certifi.
cate on the fabulous Packard Caribbean.
Evening star., 1954-05-05
PACKARD SERVICE KN0W.HOW
80 YEARS

For PACKARD service, you can't beat our
accumulated experience. Our service MANAGER
alone has been with this company over Is years,
the Oldest mechanic, 50 years, the youngest
years. These years of experience 90 into any
servicine of your Packard to assure you Of the
finest in care and repair.
Evening star., 1954-10-30

South Uhle street. Arlington.
owner and builder: dwelling In
Bush Hill Woods: cost, $18. 900:
designer, Edward r. Tyler.
Ralph r. West, s141 S. Seven
teenth street, Arlington. owner
and builder; two dwellings In
Brookland Estates on Brookview
drive: cost, $10,500 each.
Accotink Properties. Spring
field, owner and builder: two
dwellings In Accotink Bluff; cost.
$4,000.
William B. Funkhouser. Alex
andria, owner: dwelling In Glyn
Alta Park: cost. $l2, 900; builder,
Wyatt A. Winkler.
F. w. Mallan. 725 Monticello
drive. Falls Church, owner and
builder: dwelling in Brookland
Estates: cost. $14,500: designer.
C. w. Herr.
o. H. Hall, owner: dwelling in
Glyn Alta Park; cost. $11. 900:
builder, Wyatt A. Winkler.
Frank j. Murphey. Jr., Inc.
and Smell Construction Corp,
Arlington, owner and builder: Ia
dwellings in Sleepy Hollow
Manor; cost, $4,000 each: de-
signer, George A. Smell.
Harry Davis. Fairfax, owner
and builder: two dwellings in
Pine Ridge; cost. $4,000 and
$16.50O.
Evening star., 1954-10-30

Keeter Building Corp, 1886
Richmond highway, Alexandra,
owner and builder: dwelling at
Oxford and Downing streets;
cost, $4,000: designer. Edmund
w. Drefuss.
Porter H. Thomas, GALS North
Nineteenth road. Arlington. own-
er and builder: dwelling in Oak
Spring Village: cost. $4,000.
lC. c. Baxter. 1928 w street
Sc, Washington, owner: dwell
ling in Old Dominion Gardens;
cost, $1,000: builder. N. & H.
Masonry Construction; designer,
C. E. Reid. Jr.
Willis b Clingpeel, 1l5 Green
wood drive, Falls CHURCH.. owner
and builder; dwelling in Salona
Village: cost. $4,000.
Bragg q johnson. Jesse Build
ing. Fairfax. owner and builder:
dwelling in Mill Creek Park; cost,
$1,000: designer, A. M. Cole.
Norbert r. Kandl, 1888 Thir-
Evening star., 1954-10-30

teenth street NV, Washington,
owner: dwelling in Fairfax Hills:
cost. $l3. 600; builder. Northern
Developers; designer, Zeb T..
Hamilton. i
/ Samuel Enix. Annandale, own
er and builder: two dwellings in
Old Dominion Gardens; cost,
$14,5O0; architect, G. e. Reid, Jr.
Earl Craig. Oakton, owner;
dwelling on Miller road: cost,
$16.500, builder. C. G. Brecken-
ridge.
Trustees : Lincolnia Methodist
Church. Lincolnia, owner; church
at Duke street and Lincoln ave-
nues: cost. SOC. 900: builder. Ster-
ling Construction Co.; architect.
j. r. Minis & Sons.
Evening star., 1954-10-30
Foirfox Authorizes Residential Construction

Recent permits issued by the
Fairfax County building inspec-
tors Office include:
Millard I. Hayes, Alexandria,
owner and builder: dwelling in
Windsor Estates; cost. SO. 600.
James w. Valdouf, Clearneld,
Va, owner: dwelling in Brad
dock Acres: cost, $4,000: builder.
Frederick J. Hardbower.
Robt. F. Groves, SAB Semin-
ary road. Alexandra. owner and
builder; dwelling in Springvale;
cost. $4,000.
George H. Rucker Mortgage
Corp. l403 North Courthouse
road, Arlington. owner: service
station at Leesburg pike ana
Castle road: cost. $40 600;
builder. Kettler Bros.
| Edward r. DeMeter, 2725
Evening star., 1954-06-03
PERSONAL

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to investigate. Confidential. Box
CAMP FOR Or JUNIOR boys and girl.
on salt water. 90 miles from Boston.
Conducted by Chew Chase Country
Day School. Helpful invigcrating
aaars,. sli%ars Eesl for Souns mas children
SUMMER 'RiatSi RhcSE2TloE All School.
nursery and primary with some aca-
demie work, swimming Il desired;
scHooL, sHHoo CHASE ~ s-ssGa'u sG9uNrRY d DAY
MIMEOGRAPHING, 500 copies. $3.25
ICE CO 174O K NV ST 3-61s6
FORM 81. y. s; lob applisations
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HAIR TINTING-25 yrs. exper.: Roux.
81 SaTG S5 81 TRGNeg sGmPfs PsEAurY Whg gHDp 1ay
vacancy IN IN NNiUGRsHfNG GH HOME for
care; licensed by State and county.
PERMANENT. 81; shampoo and nm
ger wave, 75c. WARFLYNN BEAU
TY COLLEGE. 1910 G st. NV.
NUkS!NG CARE for those who care.
ST & 3HgN6N M!fs eSipPs III 60 52SSs &o
PITAI.. 1901 Calvert st. NV. Licens.
MEXICAN LAWYER. reg. Mexican
Consulate; all legal matters. Mexi-
can immigration: EDMUND CAS-
TILLO, ESQ Broadway, N. VT. NY.
EXPER. PUBLIC STENO. Is wanted
to 60 partnership with another. Box
29S-M Star.
IF IT'S WORTH REMEMBERING,
IT'S WORTH A PICTURE.
IF IT'S A PICTURE,
IT'S WORTH REMEMBERING.
CROWN PICTURE SERVICE
Call DI. 7-4871. 8"