davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Toniqht's Eclipse

If the weather permits, the total eclipse
of the moon this evening should be a celestial
event convenient as we'll as intensely interesting
to watch. Especially between 917 and 9:47 the
observation will be fascinating because Of that
effect which Shakespeare mentioned in "Rich
ard 1.-THE pale-faced moon looks bloody on
the earth" Even though men no longer gaze
upon such spectacle with superstitious dread
and whisper fearful change" the impression
is memorable. Children who see an eclipse
tonight for the first time in their responsive
experience will count the date an important
occasion In their lives. Part Of the wonder of 1t
is that astronomers over the centuries have
learned how to forecast practically every par
ticular of the proceeding. One of the details is
that Of the moons journey Of $500 miles
through the earth's shadow during the period
Of darkness. What we will see as pause of
the heavenly pageant will be in fact swift
flight through space. Back of the movement lies
the whole tremendous cosmos Of galaxies be-
yond galaxieS, all dynamic. and all operating
within the orbit Of one Divine Unity.
Evening star., 1954-01-18
BY Charles E. Trocewen

It's that look again.
Even the people who dish out these
big jobs don't understand much about
1t. They just muddle around and wait
to be impressed.
Impression is the key word.
They wait for the man with the
look.
He is the one who has beef, Drawn,
height. and big head.
There you have the secret of modern
success in a nutshell or something.
It's these big-headed boys who get
the breaks. The old Buffalo Heads.
Not that some big-headed guys are
not flops. Oh. plenty Of them are flops.
But look over all those heads Of de-
partments. those key men, those born
leaders, as the books say, and you will
see the Buffalo Heads shaking right up
to the top of the heap.
So, Georgetown reader, don't worry
over it.
Maybe your head lacks an inch Of
what it should have, to be the head OF
one Of these exalted ones for whom
the big firms are just pining without
finding enough of you to fill the jobs.
Console yourself, if you can. with the
thought that there must be mistake
somewhere. Probably there is. But re-
member that Napoleon. though he was
q little man, also had big head. He
was q Buffalo Head, too.
Evening star., 1954-01-18

gust, 1860, when he brought here a
Zouave outfit he then commanded in
Chicago. They wore gaudy Algerian
uniforms and when they went through
their involved drills on the White House
lawn President Buchanan and his niece,
Miss Harriet Lane, looked on.
Ellsworth had been one of the young
men who read law in Lincoln's Office
He was one OF four officers in Lincoln's
escort from Springfield to the Capital.
He hoped for a chief clerkship in the
War Department. What he got was q
second lieutenancy and, from the Lin
coin boys, a case Of the measles.
His ambition led him to New York
and the recruiting of the Fire Zouaves.
He returned as their colonel, wearing
the brilliant uniform and little red
cap atop his shorn head.
When the Zouaves arrived in Alex
andria, Ellsworth went to the roof of
the Marshall House and pulled down
the Confederate flag flying there. The
innkeeper shot him dead. A private
killed the innkeeper.
Ellsworth's body was brought to
Washington by steamer and taken to
the White House. Thousands filed
through the East Room where it lay in
state. White lilies were on his breast,
and on the casket Mrs. Lincoln placed
his picture framed in a laurel wreath
Of wax.
Washington's church bells tolled as
the funeral procession moved to the
railroad station. Lincoln rode with
bowed head behind the hearse drawn
by four white horses.
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Child Awake at Midnight

1t is twelve o'clock. The big hand and
the little
Point straight to heaven noD through
the ceiling and roof,
And the black sky pricked in pattern
of crosS-stitched stars.
Every one else is asleep. The tick OF the
clock,
The retrioerator's hum, creak in the
floor,
And dog barking far aDay are the
only sounds.
Is God a,Dake? Is my angel here beside
me?
What is she like: are her tDirg feathers
soft as the do,Dn
on ne1Dborn chick. or disGpprovtn0
and stiff?
What is that noise? Is It only my o,on
heart beating
Like a covered drum In the ear pressed
hard on the pillotD?
What is toreUer-G railroad track lost
in clouds?
This is the midnight: Is 1t yesterday or
tomorrow?
The old day is dead and the 1eto has
not yet begun.
What is today? Am I dreaming? C1H
Mother:-Mother!
AImo Roberts Giordon
Evening star., 1954-01-18

fellows with q certain look. the big
beefy look.
It is the look that goes with being at
the head of the heap.
George Washington had 1t, and so did
BENJAMIN Franklin. I'm those days.
they were strong on abbreviations Of
first names, so 1t was written and signed
Geo. Washington" and BENZ. Frank
linz
Every Office in the world has these
guys with the "look." even more famous
than Mr.. Dior's, and far less UNDER
stood.
Because everybody concerned wants
to throw dust In your eyes, my friend,
even those who write show to succeed"
books.
1t is the precious secret they fail to
reveal.
They want, you to think it is all
ability, whatever that Is. and, sure
enough, it is ability Of a sort. But what
they want you to believe Is that it is
all intelligence. get up and go, do it or
die, something you can do, if you read
my book. Didn't Henry Ford do it?
Didn't Rockefeller have it? (What
would those fellows do without old
RockefellerO
They won't tell you that 1t isn't
something you do. but something you
have. ,
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Foresow ArIinqton's Growth


The official squabbling over whether
an E street bridge or Reaches Run
bridge should be built across the Po-
tomac indicates a lack of broad per-
spective. After studying Arlington
County for several years, when the Lee
(now Arlington) boulevard was assured
and the population scarcely equaled
5000, decided that, with increasingly
better highways, the proximity of that
region to downtown Washington upon
crossing the river soon would stimulate
its growth to amazing proportions: So
In 1927 went there and purchased
house with $4,000 square feet of
ground. I was appointed in 1880
member of the county's first public util-
tiles commission, and in 1885 erected
brick house on another part Of my land.
In 1941, acquired a parcel Of future
business property. Before long the
telephone company estimated that the
county's population would reach 300,-
900 within the foreseeable future BY
the end of 1949. had sold that resi-
dental property and retired to our
Messing the predicted growth Of Arling-
VII NOu4lGy'
The present population of the Wash
ington Metropolitan Area is about
100000 and there are five highway
bridges across the Potomac, with the
greatest density of traffic of any such
bridges in the world. Paris, France.
with twice that population and less
automobile traffic per capita. had 80
bridges across the Seine River when I
was there in 1850. Whether any
others have been built since do not
know. On this basis, Washington,
which is expanding more rapidly than
Paris, should have fully Is bridges
across the Potomac River. Conse-
quently. the answer to the pending
problem is to build both of the proposed
bridges, on the assumption that the
location of each is suitable to the
growing movement of traffic. This
would make only seven bridges in all to
and from an area that will continue
to expand, scarcely half the number
ultimately necessary within another
decade; although fewer but wider
bridges will serve the same end.
Calvin Kephart.
Shady Side, Md.
Evening star., 1954-01-18

have pioneered In new designs and Nash has
had additional strength from It's merger with
Kelvinator and liberalization into the home-
appliance feld With smaller production and
fewer sales outlets, the independents have
lacked some Of the advantages Of mass produc-
tion and mass sales efforts enjoyed by the Big
Three.
The current merger win make the new COM
pany-American Motors Corporation fourth
largest in the industry. moving It ahead Of
Studebaker. The results will be watched with
interest, not only by the automobile industry
but by other industries where competitive
smaller companies may be approaching period
Of dividing losses rather than pooling profits
which might come from the combination Of
facilities and efforts.
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Industrial Weddinq

The merger Of Hudson and Nash-Kelvina-
tor, voted by directors of the two companies
and expected to gain stockholder approval, is
the most important corporate change in the
automobile industry since the end of World
War II. Coming at this time it probably re-
fleets some of the current recession" fear-a
feeling that this is an appropriate time for
increased operating efficiency and economy and
that effective salesmanship will play larger
part than in recent years in determining the
profit or loss position at the end of 1854.
The automobile industry hit its postwar
production peak in 1850 when nearly 6.6 million
passenger cars were manufactured, plus an addi-
tional Ia million motor trucks and buses. Pro-
duction declined in 1851 and was down to a.
million passenger cars in 1852. Last year, when
materials controls were lifted, production was
back at approximately 81 million but a soften
ing" in the market became evident as the year
went on. There have been estimates of passen-
ger-car production Of SIS million this year,
although some people in the industry have ex-
pressed feeling that As million would be a
better and more marketable goal
With the industry dominated in recent
years by the Big Three-General Motors, Ford
and Chrysler-the so-called independents, in
cluding Hudson and Nash, still have been able
to operate prohtably in q sellers market Both
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Those Zouoves Were DeviIish Fellows
By Eroncis p. Douqlos

MAYOR MARSHALL J. BEVERLEY
IVA Of Alexandria, Va, Is not the first
to lose skirmish to the New York Fire
ZouaveS.
This group. the Mayor contends. ran
away with an old hand-pumper. Wheel
ing 1t OF from Alexandria to the Empire
State in 1861 after the first battle Of
Manassas. The Mayor had hopes for
the engines return to Alexandra. but
the New York State Volunteer Fire.
mems Home now says his claim Is un-
substantiated and that the pumper win
remain a museum piece at Hudson,
N. Y.
The Fire Zouaves were turbulent
crowd when they were in Washington.
In fact, the turbulence began In New
York where they were recruited from
among volunteer firemen and COM
manded by Elmer e. Ellsworth. He had
them quartered in q big building on
Canal street in New York until they
were equipped.
When boxes Of rluskets arrived they
refused to unpack and clean them
Ellsworth appealed for help to Chester
A. Arthur, then on the stan Of the
New York Governor, later President OF
the United States. With the aid Of
police, Arthur put the ring leaders Of
the insubordination under arrest.
Travelling by steamer to Annapolis
and then by rail to Washington. the
Zouaves arrived here In May. 1861.
Their uniforms were scarlet blue and
gray, In addition to their muskets
they carried huge Bowie knives.
According to Margaret Leech's book.
"Reveille in Washington; 1860-1865,"
they growled because they had not
come by way Of Baltimore where the
9th Massachusetts, regiment had had
to fight of a mob. One Of the Zouaves
boasted to reporter for The Star,
I'VE would have gone through Balti-
more like dose Of salts"
1.-THE regiment was soon installed
in the old, and new Halls Of Represent
atives," Miss Leech wrote. I'm their
gaudy fancy dress the brawny firemen
sat about the floor smoking, reading.
sleeping or playing cards. They swung
themselves down on ropes from the
cornice Of the rotunda, walked around
the outside parapetS and hung like
monkeys from the edge Of the dome.
Zone day some Of the men contrived
to have the fire bell rung. ran to the
Franklin engine house on the avenue
opposite Willard's (hoteD and 'snaked
out the engine and hose reel. i.
After galloping around town they re-
turned to their quarters, hot and
satisfied"
They bought new shoes and directed
that the bill be sent to "Old Abe !"
They charged dinners. cigars and other
purchases to JEFF Davis. They fright
ened old ladies and became known as
those awful New York Zouaves."
They redeemed themselves momen-
tarily when a tailoring shop next to
Wizards caught fire. Since the WASH
ington fire companies were notorious
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Corruption of Children

THE Receiving Home was intended to pro-
vide temporary detention for children await
Ing action by the Juvenile Court. It now
provides detention for numerous purposes for
children of all Sorts It is appallingly over
crowded. The Home was designed for 43
children. The available sleeping space has now
been doubled by the addition of extra beds,
but the population regularly exceeds even this
maximum Of SO beds. During october the daily
average was over 80 children At one time in
November there were 118 children in the
Receiving Home The overflow of children must
sleep on mattresses placed on the floor or on
tables. Since most Of the space Is taken up
with sleeping facilities, there Is practically no
room for training or recreational facilities. The
children spend their days huddled on benches,
with almost nothing to occupy their time
"Such conditions provide the maximum
opportunity for the younger children to learn
the tools of adult crime from the older children.
The possibilities of evil influence are enhanced
by the fact that there are no separate facilities
for sex deviates, drug addicts, psychotics or
emotionally disturbed children.
while boys Of IA and over are now kept
apart from younger boys, girls of all ages are
kept together. Small girls, as young as or 10
years Of age, some Of them merely dependents
rather than delinquents live in cramped quar-
VeES, originally designed as omce space, with
seriously delinquent girls of 16 and II. In the
latter group are girls who have been involved
in prostitution, drug addiction and similar
serious behavior, and there are usually several
pregnant girls who, because Of the lack Of
other facilities, will remain at the Receiving
Home until the point Of admission to hospital
for delivery. Such conditions tend to make
the Receiving Home an institution for the
corruption Of children"
From the final report of the Committee
on JuOenile Crime to the Council on Law
Enforcement of the District of Columbia
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Man With q Plan

A1tcI IOIlB peTlOu Oh prosperity
large proportion Of the population is
finally supplied with most Of the dur
able articles that they require. Their
purchase Of new articles slackens. To
support this assertion, the writer will
merely cite typical case we'll known
to him. A man and his wife, past
middle age, have for a number Of years
had fair income. and now have
comfortable, adequately furnished home,
a durable automobile. and sufficient in
vestments for old age. There are few
material goods that they still lack. Ex-
cept for current needs they have virtu-
ally stopped buying. Meanwhile their
income remains one Of substantial
purchasing power.
Multiply this case by millions and
the result Is an economic slump.
At the same time the unsatisfled
wants Of the lower economic strata of
the population would be sufficient to
maintain high production levels If the
lower economic groups had the money
to buy.
To prevent an economic slump the
idle unused income Of the well-to-do,
as illustrated above, should be drawn
of by high progressive rates Of income
taxes, and utilized in public projects to
give employment to the lower economic
strata.
A uniform lowering Of taxes for every
body will accomplish nothing. We had
comparatively low taxes during the
hoover depression Dan Blachly.
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Saving Foce in Berlin

Although the way Is now clear for the four
power foreign ministers conference to get un-
der way on schedule next Monday in Berlin, the
protracted pickering and the subtleties which
were part OF the advance negotiations offer
scant encouragement of speedy and harmon
ious accomplishment.
The decision on where the meetings are to
be held during the first three weeks saves "face"
for both sides, perhaps, but any edge probably
should be awarded the Russians In this par
ticular dispute contrary to their tactics in many
others, Russian emphasis has been on treating
the three Western powers as single bloc and
arguing that the conference sessions should be
divided half and half between East and West
sectors OF Berlin. At this point there has been
agreement covering only three weeks Of meet
ings. the first and third to be in the Western
sector and the second in the Eastern area "The
course of the conference" will determine the
site for fourth week of talks, If any, but the
pattern Of alternating sectors seems to have
been established.
The advance confereeS went to great
lengths to guard against the text of their COM
munique being interpreted as a surrender by
either side on certain points. To satisfy Rus
sian arguments that the Allied Control Author
tty Building no longer is four-pow center,
it is described in the communique as the build
ing formerly used" as headquarters of the
Control Council. In the same fashion, because
the West was determined not to imply any rec
ognition Of the East German Government, the
Soviet locale for the conference is identified
as "the residence of the u S. S. r High Com
missioner" rather than Ambassador Actually,
the Red official holds both titles.
Putting aside all these grudging compro-
misses, however, it is good that the sessions will
be held and that they can open on the sched-
uled date The chances may not be bright for
conclusive agreements on German unity or an
Austrian peace treaty but the opportunity will
be on the conference tables in Berlin.
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Misconceived Principle

It is reasonable to believe that Harvard'S
Professor Wendell H. Furry Is standing upon
what he conceives to be basis of principle In
his latest defiance of Senator McCarthy's sub
committee. For Professor Furry's stand is one
which he must realize may result In severe
penalties without compensating beneflt to him
self Assuming the sincerity Of the belief,
however, Professor Furry has misconceived the
issue Of principle.
Heretofore, he had refused to tell congress
sional committees whether he was Commu-
mist, relying on the Fifth Amendments protec
ton against self discrimination Last week he
testified that he had been Communist, pre-
sumably until March, 1851, and he also made
the disturbing admission that he was one Of six
Communists engaged in secret radar work at
Massachusetts, Institute of Technology from
1943 to 1945 He refused, however, to identify
the Ave other Communists, stating his position
this way:
I'll respectfully refuse to answer ques-
tions that bring in the names Of other peo-
pie. wish to make 1t clear, however, that
If I knew Of any person whose conduct as
I saw It was criminal should feel bound
to reveal those facts.
am not seeking to protect the guilty
from prosecution. wish merely to secure
the innocent from persecution.
This has ring of sincerity about it. But
PROFESSOR furry mas no legal rIgnt 10 Set uiiH-
self up as the Judge Of whether crime has
been committed, or to refuse to identify his
fellow Communists because he thinks they were
not engaged in criminal activity. This is the
function of the Government, and Senator Nc
Carthy is right in suggesting that Professor
Furry, in shielding his former Communist as
sociates, may be making 1t possible for them
to continue to engage in activities inimical to
the United States
In any event, since the law does not protect
stand such as that which Professor Furry
has TAKEN the chances are that he will be sent
to jail for contempt. Meanwhile, there is the
question whether Harvard will continue to give
him the benefit OF what Senator Mccarthy un-
fairly calls "a privileged sanctuary for Fifth.
Amendment Communists" This question for
Harvard, is a difficult one. If 1t dismisses Pro-
fessor Furry now it will appear to be bowling to
the dictation Of Senator Mccarthy. On the
other hand, II it retains Professor Furry on the
faculty it will be employing a man who con-
tinued to be q Communist long after he should
have known better, and who refuses to identify
other Communists who still may be working
against this country. Harvard's decision should
rest on q single test-whether, on all Of the
facts Professor Furry may be said to have
those qualities Of character and intellect which
should be required Of a faculty member.
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Commodities for Oversees Cash

The idea, reported under examination of
trading Government-owned surplus commod-
tiles for goods and services to be provided by
our overseas allies has simplicity that is highly
appealing. It does, in fact, offer a possible
means Of serving several useful and desirable
purpoSeS-to us, reducing stocks that are costly
to store and stand as threat to normal COM
mercial supplies and, to friendly foreign coun-
cries, permitting the purchase of needed Ameri-
can commodities without cutting into scanty
dollar reserves.
Actually, what is proposed is not a straight
barter deal. In one case, commodities would be
sold by the Commodity Credit Corporation to
an American contracting group engaged in
building some of our defense facilities overseas.
This group, in turn, would sell the goods to the
foreign governments concerned for the local
currency, rather than for dollars, and this cur
rency would be used to pay for local labor and
supplies. In the other case the Foreign Opera
tions Administration would purchase the goods
from the CCC, sell them to friendly foreign
governments for local currencies and use the
proceeds to pay for supplies and services needed
at our military installations
Currently, the Government agencies that
would be parties to one or both of these plans
are reported studying the legal problems and
other aspects of putting them into effect. The
foreign governments which might participate
have not been queried formally but unofficial
interest already has been expressed. President
Eisenhower's suggestion in his farm program
that the surplus commodities be insulated"
from commercial markets but made available
for distribution or disposal under some category
of emergency usages might find a partial answer
in this pending scheme. It is mandatory, and
Of course proper, that the legal aspects be
studied and resolved and there must be official
interest and willingness on the part Of foreign
governments to apply the plan. It is to be hoped
that none of these considerations will stand as
a barrier to translating the idea into action.
Evening star., 1954-01-18
N Bod influence

May add my support to the words
Of our able Chief Of Police regarding
the injurious effects Of the schooling
in crime furnished by some Of the
shows on television?
So What with the exhibitions Of crime
and attempts to commit crime set forth
on TV. on the radio. in the movies, and
in the 25-cent paperbacks on sale all
over the city-if, after all that. our
kids do not see something criminal they
want to initiate. they are either para
gons of virtue or too dumb to learn.
If we allow them to have all that sort
of instruction and then expect them
not to become Juvenile delinquents."
we are asking too much Of human ma
ture. This is another mess down in
Washington" which needs cleaning UP.
william III. Ramsey.
Evening star., 1954-01-18
Letters to The Star.
Pen-nGn1eS may be used If letters carry
t0riterS' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.

to stay in this country and to live freely
under the full protection Of the Ameri-
can Constitution. Thus. this law would
only tend to increase the already
vast population Of non-citizen f1otsam
and jetsam floating around America
currently. Although Ike gave depraved
communism a verbal slap on the wrist,
weakness by not recommending outlaw
ing the Communist Party. 81
Ike seems possessed Of an odd mental
twist that doesn't permit Of clear and
consistent thinking on any subject, or
else he Is making rather wry attempt
to be all things to all people, which
apparently ends up by his meaning
nothing to any one.
Franklin r. Miles.