davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03

ner. the chairman of the In.
ternal Security Subcommittee.
announced the forthcoming in.
vestigation of the orders is
sued to the War and Navy
Departments in 1914 to destroy
tens of thousands of files on
subversion.
The co-chairman of this
dinner, attended by some $50
guests, was the Democratic
Senator from Nevada. Senator
McCarran, former chairman Of
the subcommittee. He spoke Of
the threats from the subver-
sives to the security Of the
country. The struggle against
communism in America must
transcend party lines, he said.
It should be waged by DEM
ocratS and Republicans alike.
Then he added that he could
foresee the possibility that the
members on both sides Of the
House and Senate aisles,
Americans ALL" would join
ranks in this fight for survival
of the republic. It was the first
public statement from a rank
ing Democrat about the posi-
bility of a coalition of Repub-
licans and Democrats who
think alike on this subject.
Such thinking has developed
only recently not only as a re-
suit of the revelations of sub
version in our institutions but
also under the impact of what
is happening abroad. The diff
ficulties which beset the gov
ernmentS of Europe and par
ticularly those of France and
Italy are admittedly caused by
the manipulations of the Com
muniSts and their fellow trav-
elers of various shades.
Communist ideologies are
shared by relatively few in the
Western countries-and even
in the U. S. S. r. and her
satellites. But the clever ex-
ploitation of all kinds of dis
content. which exists inevitably
in every country. by those de-
voted to the Red regime is to a
large degree responsible for
the present uncertain world
situation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
Dorothy Thompson
Dorot1y Ihon1pson-
Observation-Disclosures Situation
Assumption That World Is Divided Into Two Power BIocs
With Two Bio Nations Leading Satellites Is Wrong

The picture Of the interna-
tional situation as it has been
made to appear since the enun-
citation of the Truman Doc
trine," during the Eisenhower
administration, and as it ap-
pears now, on the surface,
during the four-power con-
ference in Berlin, Is deceiving.
In this picture, the world
Is divided into two great
theological and power blocs,
the one dominated and guided
by the Soviet Union. the other
by the world leadership" of
the United States, with East
and West contending for un-
committed areas--notably the
states of the Arab-ASian bloc.
The world struggle is thus
depicted as between Washing
ton and Moscow, each with
firm associates or satellites,
and each bidding to enlarge its
sphere of influence until one
or the other will be strong
enough to set the course Of
history for generations to
come.
This picture is deceitful in
assuming that the detectives
of the two world leaders are
shared by their more powerful
associates. They are not. They
cannot be.
Great Britain is in no sense
a satellite Of the United States.
On the contrary, and to an ex-
tent hardly dreamed Of by the
American people, Great Britain
influences American foreign
policy to the point of guidance.
now. as she has since World
War I,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
Congress- Duty to Investigate
Senate by ISL Approves $214 900 for Mccarthy Group
There Are but Few Non-Portisons in Fight on Reds
David lawrence

They are impersonal and
non-partisan in the United
States Senate when it comes
to fighting communism inside
or outside this country. BY a
vote Of IS to l, the Senate
approved the expenditure Of
$214.00O for the use Of the
Senate Committee on Govern
mental Operations.
This is the committee of
which Senator Mccarthy. Re-
publican, of Wisconsin is
chairman. For several weeks
now there have been press dis
patches saying that the Wis
conSin Senator would have
trouble getting a continuing
appropriation for his commit
tee and that he was about to
be punished for sundry aber-
rationS in the field Of his in
quiries. But, as has happened
time and again for the last 20
years, when there is a roll call
vote in either house Of Con-
gresS, the tally is overwhelm-
ingly in favor Of carrying on
the Investigations by congress
Sional committees on the sub
ject of communism or corrup-
ton or irregularities in gov
ernmental administration.
The anti-Communist issue is
one that has aroused deep
feelings, but the grass roots"
sentiment is that it is up to
the Congress as a watchdog
to keep an eye on what is
being done by the executive
branch of the Government to
ferret out SubverSives and to
protect the security of the
United States.
Many people who never have
understood their own ConSti-
tuition, with its separation Of
powers and with its checks and
balances, have assumed that
the legislative branch Of the
Government is subordinate to
instead of coordinate with the
executive branch. For years
there has been a campaign be-
lifting or ridiculing members
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
Thomas L. Stokes
Small Toxpoyer Has Defenders
IN Election Year, Both Parties VIII Wake Up to Him,
But as Is Usual; Each Will Preach q Different Line

The small taxpayer is due
to have his day in Congress
once the new bill revising our
revenue laws gets to the floor.
Democrats are ready to be-
friend him in this election
year. Republicans likewise will
be solicitouS.
Secretary of the Treasury
George M. Humphrey got a
preview when he appeared be-
fore the Joint Congressional
Committee on the Economic
Report and was quizzed about
taxes, along with business pros
poets and other subjects ex-
plored in President Eisenhow-
er's economic report submitted
last week.
The nature Of the Demo-
cratic approach on the tax
issue was plainly indicated by
two committee members of
that party, Senators Fulbright
Of Arkansas and Douglas of
Illinois. They commended that
the administration tax pro-
posals would do more for bust
ness, the corporate taxpayer
and dividend recipients than
for those of low incomes.
This was disputed by Secre-
tary Humphrey. In refutation
he cited a series of direct tax
relief proposals for the bill
revising revenue laws designed
to help the average family in
numerous ways. And, as for
such business relief proposals
as modification Of double tax
alton on dividends and liber-
allied depreciation for plant
and equipment, he advanced
the familiar philosophy Of in
direct relief to the small tax
payer. This is to the effect
That the relief of business and
industry thus provided en-
courageS expansion and in
creased production and thus
. creates more jobs and higher
wages. That reaches down to
the small taxpayer.
It Is another version. much
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03

led to an abuse which was far
worse than anything that has
happened since. The memory
Of these injustices burns vivid
ly in the minds Of many loyal
citizens who were subjected to
embarrassment In those days
by self-appointed investigators.
A citizen, acting as an in
dividual, has a right to send
information to his Govern
ment. but the information
ought to relate solely to some
thing concrete Of which he has
personal knowledge as to law
violation. It is valueless If it
Is only hearsay, or If it is
rumor. or If it merely concerns
another persons views.
The question Is asked:
Cant the FBI be depended
upon to do it all?" Not long
ago. j. Edgar Hoover, head Of
the FBI. appealed for help
from former Communists and
others in touch with Commu-
mist activities so that the Gov
eminent might be better in
formed. But he has said there
Is need also for the work Of
congressional committees. BY
the power Of subpoena. Con-
gress can bring to light many
things that the FBI cannot
touch unless there is concrete
proof of law violation.
So far as employment in the
Government is concerned, it is
not necessary for a case to be
provable in a court of law. It
is only necessary to establish
a reasonable doubt as to the
integrity Of an individual en-
ploye. Sometimes congressional
committees disclose practices
that have covered up actual
and potential security risks.
For today, If a Government
employe refuses to answer a
question from a congressional
committee on the ground that
it may incriminate him, this is
automatically ground for dis
miSsal from the Government
service without further pro-
ceedingS.
Reproduction Rishts ReservedJ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03

more moderate, of what DEM
ocrats used to call the "trickle-
down-from- the-top" theory of
Republican administrations
back in the 1920s when An
drew w. Mellon was Secretary
of Treasury. The latter, how
ever, used q meat ak literally
on the high schedules of taxes
on the wealthy and big corpo-
rations that had prevailed dur
ing World War I. That gave
Democrats an issue which they
exploited by forcing in Con-
gress much deeper cuts for the
small taxpayer than Mr.. Mel
Ion had provided.
Secretary Humphrey Is pro-
posing nothing of the Mellon
sort at all. In fact, beyond the
II per cent reduction in nor
NAL income taxes which went
into effect automatically on
January /, the Treasury is
standing pat on present rate
schedules. Both the President
and Secretary Humphrey have
urged Congress to act to keep
corporation rates as now. in
stead Of permitting a reduc-
ton due to go into effect auto
matically on April /. and also
not to permit the automatic
reductions at the same time of
certain excise taxes. including
those on liquor. tobacco, gaso-
line. automobiles. trucks and
accessories.
Senator Fulbright argued
that exemptions should be in
creased to add to purchasing
power. He recalled that Secre-
tary Humphrey had refused to
approve an increase in the ex-
emption from 5000 to $70O.
The Arkansas Senator thinks
the administration places too
much emphasis on production,
too little on consumption. He
thinks also there has been
too much emphasis on quick
amortization Of taxes. This was
In reference to the Secretary's
proposal for quicker arnortiza.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03

ton of President Eisenhower.
A few may be seriously en-
barrasSed in their campaigns
this fall by their failure to
realize that a Republican
President was soon to be
elected who would take a dim
view Of such a straitjacket.
The White House, however,
gave its word to its supporters
that this was a no-nonsense
battle on principle and that it
would not yield. Attorney
General Brownell is under
stood to be the counselor who
is telling the President he can
have his principle but with
political icing on it.
It has been a dangerous
game and now finds the SEN
ate split roughly into four
camps. One is Senator Brick
er's, a dedicated army whose
solid core is the conservative
nationalistS. Its defections
are numerous but it is still
formidable in so confused a
situation. A second group,
which probably will attract
most middle-road Republicans,
will rally around the Millikin-
n-Saltonstall amend
mentS.
Those Democrats faithful to
the johnson leadership and
acknowledging Senator George
as their elder statesman can
be expected to support his
amendment. A fourth Demo-
cratic faction, led by Estes
Kefauver of Tennessee and
Joined by Wayne Morse, the
Oregon independent. have for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03

This was the real issue in
the struggle between the parti-
sans of Senator Taft and Gen.
Eisenhower.
The supporters of Senator
Taft wanted an independent
American foreign policy. The
supporters Of Gen. Eisenhower
Gas previously those Of Wen
dell Willkie) wanted a contin-
uation of the closest ties be-
tween the White House and 10
Downing Street.
The Eisenhower partisans
having won in the convention,
the campaign debate was illu-
sorry on foreign policy-and
therefore on domestic policy
since the latter is critically in
fluenced by the former.
Great Britain is still great
world power, despite her eco
nomic and financial exhaus-
ton after World War II, and
despite the crumbling away Of
so much Of her empire. Her
chief assets remain what made
her a great empire in the first
place: political genius, national
pride, fluid capacity for adj
justment to new realities, and
the willingness of her people.
almost by instinct, to make
immense sacrifices for her sur
vival, if not as the leading
world power, at least as a lead
ing power.
Since this column believes
that such a purpose is a mark
of greatness and its achieve
ment useful, on balance, to
some measure Of world stabil-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03

ity and freedom, this Is not
written as an attack. And,
in any case. we have come
to believe that the prime
function Of journalism is not
to exhort but to describe.
But if Great Britain is to
maintain herself as a world
power. she cannot wish either
side to win the world struggle.
Her purpose must be to
see the United States strong
enough to check and contain
the Soviet Union, and the
Soviet Union strong enough
to check and contain the
United States, with neither
strong enough to eliminate
the other as a power factor.
For only in such a condition
can Great Britain Cor any
other third power) survive as
such.
This purposeful policy ex-
plains why the Eisenhower
administration and its most
influential supporters have re-
treated from the original
greater dynamism," roll
back" and liberation" cru
SADIE. It explains the British
China policy; and it explains
what will undoubtedly emerge
as the result of the four
power conference in Berlin.
1t is implicit throughout the
memoirs of Winston Church.
Ill.
1t also explains why an
American analyst must read
the leading organs of the
British presto find out. for
one thing, how American poll
cy is likely to develop.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
lucky & Indiana Railroad span.

lucky & Indiana Railroad span.
He drove a fourth Of the way
across before the car stuck. A
passenger train was forced to
stop. and train service was de-
layed about an hour while
wreckers removed the car.
Mr.. Mcknight pleaded guilty
in circuit court yesterday to
drunken and reckless driving
charges. He was fined $40 and
costs and his license was sus-
pended for q year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
Doris FIeeson-

The word game now being
dignif1ed by such phrases as
the struggle over the Bricker
q m n d m ent had already
reached the farical stage be-
fore that patient conservative,
Senator George, suddenly got
his substitute made the pend
ing order Of business in the
Senate.
The haSty maneuverS Of the
Republican leadership to re-
capture control of the situation
did nothing to add dignity to
the picture.
All this confusion is the d.
rect responsibility of the White
House. It has had the votes
for days to beat the Bricker
brainchild which it unalterably
opposes.
Yet in the vital field of con-
stitutional amendment it has
continued an effort to find
an arrangement Of words
to conceal that defeat and
diminish the fact that
Democrats share credit for the
victory. It has long been clear
that the original attempt to
find ways to quiet the legiti-
mate doubts some Senators en-
teftain on the treaty power had
yielded to a desperate search
for a political solution.
Some indulgence must be
permitted to the Republican
Senators bent on that search.
Most of them signed the orig
inal Bricker amendment in
their anti-Truman frenzy i'm
mediately preceding the cleo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03

of Congress and the institution
itself. There are citizens who
have grown up in recent years
believing that a congressional
committee hasn't any right
to make an inquiry except when
it has a specific legislative aim.
They overlook the fact that
Congress can investigate for
the purpose of writing new
laws or amending the Consti-
tuition or repeating any laws
or provisions of the Constitu-
ton. The citizen is not obi
gated always to answer the
questions Of Congress, but the
committees have a virtually
unlimited right to ask the
questions.
The Senate Committee on
Governmental Operations has
a broad scope. It goes into
questions Of improper inf1u-
ences inside the Government,
misuse of authority, corruption
and irregularities of all kinds.
BY centering in one committee
in the House and one in the
Senate the supervision Of Gov
eminent personnel operations,
an extensive work of checking
the executive departments and
agencies is conducted.
Some citizens, of course.
have an exaggerated idea Of
the anti Communist issue. The
other day a group in Norwalk.
Conn, decided to send in
names to the Federal Bureau
of Investigation based on their
own impressions of the loyalty
of individuals. This has been
rightly condemned as a dan
gerous practice. The self-ap-
pointed group of vigilantes can
do harm to a good cause
the furnishing Of information
to the Government. During
World War I there were units
in various cities which sent to
the Department of Justice
lists of those with German
names because they suspected
possible connection with the
German cause in the war. This
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
Life in the u. S.
Rheumatic
Gives Blood,
Finds Cure
By The AssoeIated Press

PHILADELPHIA, Feb. s.
Ira J. Russell. 40. who main
tains he keeps in good health
by giving blood. donated his
105th pint to the Red Cross
blood bank yesterday.
II was on crutches suffer-
ing from rheumatism 20 years
ago when q doctor suggested
I give blood" Mr.. Russell said.
"A little while later, I threw
the crutches away. Believe it
or not. I've been in perfect
health since"
The 205-pound donor, who
operates his own scrap BUSH
ness IA nearby Stafford, Mont
gomery County. donates a pint
Of blood about every eight
weeks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
City Workers Rewarded

ROCHESTER, N. H., R.-
City warkers. credited by
Mayor John Shaw with help
ing pile up a $4,000 surplus
in the municipal treasury. are
going to get profit sharing"
pay increases.
The City Council voted last
night to reward the rs en-
ployes with 81 to 50 weekly
raises.
The Mayor said the eff
cheney Of city workers was a
big factor in bringing about
the surplus.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
Ticket, Please

ENDICOTT. N. Y. R.-
Walter Keneller of Bingham
ton walked into police head
quarters and reported that
some one had taken his over
coat while he was in a diner.
Mr.. Keneller got his coat
back in jig time. Police located
the man who had taken it
through a traffic ticket found
in the coat Keneller picked
up in the exchange.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
Coffee Strike DeIoyed

NAPA. Calf. (P.-The Napa
Business and Professional
Women's Club. 35 strong. SOL
EMMY pledged Monday night
not to buy. serve or drink cof-
fee again until the price
comes down."
BY unanimous consent, how
ever, the women voted a six
hour delay on their pledge
when they were informed cof-
fee had already been ordered
for the evenings festivities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
Hold Your Fire, Children

WELLS. Me. R.- If they
don't smoke before they're 81,
each OF Mr.. and Mrs. William j.
Lessard's eight grandchildren
will be $1,000 richer.
The Lessards. non-smokers,
have promised the gifts to John
g.. 13: Patricia. 10, and Carolyn
Chase. 10, all Of Sanford, and
Victor L. Lessard. jr., 10; Paul
and Pauline. 11-year-old twins:
Francis. 8. and Mary, 4, all of
Skowhegan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03
Right Way, Wrong BRIDGE

NEW ALBANY. Ind. (P.-It
was the right direction but the
wrong Ohio River bridge for
Howard r. Mcknight of Mays
field, Ky.
Mr.. Mcknight was driving his
automobile from New Albany to
Louisville. KY. Monday night,
when he turned onto the Ken
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-03

lion in reduction for Income
groups who own industry"
This was disputed by Secre-
tary Humphrey, who claimed
the program was divided about
$3.50 between tax relief and
tax changes and reductions
for incentive.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-07

Finnegan. ''they came away
shocked to find the great number
Of Air Force personnel and
American civilians who regularly
attend church. They were as
tonished to learn that one of
the first things that happens to
the new airman is an interview
with the chaplain of his own
faith. Every time he goes to, a
new post he is interviewed by
the chaplain.
1.-THE Europeans now have a
better understanding of our be-
lief that a strong moral char
acter is an absolute necessity in
this world today. That the man
in the POW camp or fighting in
combat must have spiritual
strength is the idea stressed over
and over in our character
guidance lectures" Gen. Fin
negan asserted.
with God on our side, chow
canswe lose?" asked Gen. Fin
negan.
There is reason to believe the
Communists are privately asking
themselves the same question.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-07
Reds Sat Out Allied Session
On Religious Policy for EDO

The need for an annual plenary
conference Of the various re-
ligious groups was emphasized
as a means of easing differences
once the forces Of free Europe
and the United States merge
into a single military arm
against threatened Red aggres-
sion.
Among the recommendations
adopted by the 13-nation chap
lain board was the publication
of religious material in each of
the languages represented. Cost
of printing will be borne on a
pro-rata basis.
Gen. Lauris Norstad, chief Of
the United States Air Force in
Europe, was the prime mover
OF the chaplain board. confer
ences, first of which was held
in 1851. The first three meet
ings were not very productive,
said Gen. Finnegan, but the May
conference was an unqualified
success.
Thought Us Materialistic.
Europeans used to think of
us as strongly materialistic, in
the game for everything we can
get out of it. That impression is
rapidly fading away" the Air
Force general pointed out.
"For example," he continued,
"a number of European chap
lains came over here a year ago
on tour. of Air Force installa-
lions to study what we've being
doing in a religious way. They
came over here confident that
the richest, most powerful coun-
try in the world would have very
little to offer in the matter of
religion.
Believe me-" declared Gen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-07
Members Of Church
| axe Part in Retreat
All Methodist Camp

Members Of Union Methodist
Church are taking a vacation
from city life this week end.
Under the direction of the pas
tor. the Rev. Edward B. Lewis,
close to 100 members of the
church at 814 Twentieth street
NV. are taking part in a re-
treat at the Methodist Church
Camp, Churchton, Md.
The group left Friday and will
return tomorrow night. It is
thought to be the first time that
such a church-wide vacation has
been organized by church in
the Washington area.
How to Know Christ and
Share Him" is the theme of the
retreat. Leaders are Dr.. Jurgen
Winterhager. of Berlin, Ger
many; DR.. James A. Dryden, of
Washington, and the Rev. Ray
nond w. Cooke, Shadyside, Md.
DR.. Winterhager, a delegate
Of the United Church of Ger
many to the World Council of
Churches. meeting in Evanston,
ILL.,, August 1881. has worked
with the international Church
Ecumenical movement in Europe
for 20 years, except for an in
terruption during the Nazi re-
gime.
DR.. Dryden, former pastor of
New York Avenue Presbyterian
Church and known as a teacher
and writer, will discuss "Prin-
ciples of Approaching the Bible
for Interpretation"
Mr.. Cooke, pastor of the Sha-
dyside Methodist Church, Will
lead the retreat vacationers in
a, study of Paul's Letter to the
Ephesians.
The entire group will return
to Union Methodist Church at
1880 pm. tomorrow to hear
Bishop Friedrich Wunderlich,
Bishop of the Methodist Church
of Germany, speak. y