davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02
JACKSON ADVOCATE

the postal establishment a social
service or business And where
is the line drawn between social
values and business values?
We feel very strongly that swift,
dependable and frequent postal
service is a vital necessity in the
life of every American, whether
he lives in the humblest cottage
or the richest mansion. Business
and commerce depend on gocH
postal service, whether it is con-
Quoted in a little country store at
the fork of the road of from one
Of our modern skyscraper build
ings.
The National Association of Let
ter Carriers has long maintained
that Congress should once and fol-
all define the mission of the postal
service. The closest to a real def
milton we have ever had came not
from the legislative branch of gov
eminent but from the executive
branch. In 1922, President Monroe
told Congress: 'Postoffices were
made for the country and not the
country for them" Congress has
ducked the issue for years.
Until Congress faces up to the
task and says how much we want
to encourage our airplane industry,
how great is the desire and need to
increase the spread of informa-
ton and knowledge through the
printed word, how far we must 90
to facilitate the flow of merchan-
disc, catalogs and other similar
services to our sparsely populated
areas, what is the degree of aid
small town papers require, how far
will business be subsidized through
preferential rates on circulars and
advertising matter-until all these
are answered and unless they are
answered there will never be a
conclusive ending to the historical
profit versus service argument in
the postal establishment.
Business must share part of the
blame for the apparent misunder-
standing about the so-called postal
deficit. One seldom, if ever, sees
industry or our big corporations
buying full-page ads in the daily
press to publicize the benefits they
are receiving via subsidies from
less than-cost postal service. Yet
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02
PAGE FIVE

ance sheet of the Postoffice De-
partment. We want to make if
clear that we do not oppose the
idea of subsidies. Realty would
seem to insist, however, that they
be brought out in the open and
paid for by direct appropriation in
stead of charging their cost to the
operating overhead of the Post
/ office Department. We not ONLY
favor a reasonable rate structure
we agree with those who maintain
that upward adjustments Should
be made in some charges and fees
now in effect.
The biggest handicap presented
to postal employees when they seek
legislative benefits from Congress
is the time-worn deficit bugaboo,
1t has been used effectively as
political football for years and is
hauled out every time postal work
ers ask for pay raise or other
! improvements in their walfare and
conditions of work.
Our friends in the great Amcri-
can Federation of Labor can per
form a genuine service for their
colleagues in the postal service if
time and effort are given to a bet
ter understanding of the so-called
postal deficit.
If those who foot the bill under
stood what they are getting for
their money and advertised the fact
that they are satisfied with reason
able rates for good postal service,
Congress would have a yardstick
by which to determine how much
of the cost of the postal service
should be met by rates and fees
and how much should be written
off as social service to the entire
nation.
When that happy day arrives.
postal employees will no longer be
obliged to live under the cloud of
an alleged postal deficit. No long
er will their limited bargaining
rights be further diminished be-
cause, unlike now, Congress will
be able to give full consideration
to the petitions of the employees.
AS matters now stand, Congress
Is IN the bad habit of keeping one
eye on the merit of the employees
request and the other on public re-
action to the so-called postal def
icit.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

The airlines of the nation are
not only paid for hauling mail but
likewise receive an additional bonus
in the form of a subsidy. In 1882
there was a 324 million dollar loss
on domestic mail; another 21.1 NIL
lion dollar loss was incurred IN
the field of foreign mail service.
Railroad transportation costs
have been in dispute for several
years. Of the estimated 381 mil
lion dollars paid to railroads IN
1852, it would be difficult to say
with any degree of accuracy how
much was actual cost for hauling
and how much was subsidy, if any.
There are also preferential rates.
Preferential rates have long been
in effect for second, third and
fourth-class mail matter Second
class mail, consisting chiefly OF
newspapers and magazines, was
granted low rate Of postage in
the 1905, following the Civil War.
The thought behind this gesture
vast that wide dissemination of
newspapers and periodicals would
be of great value in tying together
the thinking of our country. Per
hapS it continues to be true that
newspapers, magazines and books
are probably the greatest media
of adult education that have ever
been devised anywhere. The loss
to the postoffice in 1852 for han
ding 2.3 billions pounds of second
class mail amounted to $240,386,-
26O.
Users of third-class mail, con-
sisting among other things of cir
culars and advertising material,
have always advanced the argu-
ment that their product was val
liable in building up the volume of
sales in the country, hence build
ing up national income. The loss
in 1852 on handling 11.6 billion
pieces of this type of mail matter
was $191, 913,098.
Parcel post, or fourth-class mail
matter, lost S153, 735, AL during the
same period in handling 1.2 bll-
lion separate pieces.
Adding up the losses on all these
free and below-cost items, we find
whopping service cost of 720
million dollars.
Regardless of what it is called
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02
Some Facts About
The Postal Service
BY WILLIAM c. DOHERTY
President. National Association
of Letter Carriers

The United States postal system
is as old as our nation. In fact,
there is ample historical proof
that our mail service is older than
our present form of government.
One of the first acts of the Cont
mental Congress was establishment
of the postoffice. Benjamin Frank
lin of Pennsylvania was named
Postmaster General by an act of
July, 1775.
Franklin was a logical choice.
He had served as postmaster at
Philadelphia for the British from
1853 to ITS when, because his
sympathies lay with the cause of
the colonists, he was summarily
ousted.
For more than a century prior
to Franklin's appointment there
was postal service Of a sort in the
colonies. In view Of the constant
hue and cry today about postal
deficits" it is interesting to note
that not a single one of those early
postal ventures was a financial
success. Each in turn was aban-
doned. Despite this fact, none de-
MED the great convenience of these
early postal systems to the colo
nists. None questioned their use
fulness for cutting through the
wilderness, promoting travel, open
ing new areas to settlers and, above
all, as a means Of binding together
our pioneer forefathtrs.
The mission of the postal system
today is not totally unlike the OBJ
jective Of the earlier postal estab-
lishments. We are living in an
atomic era, but our mail service
continues to be dedicated to the
work of giving our nation the
greatest communication system on
earth, cementing the ties Of good
viii, culture and democracy among
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

they never hesitate for a moment
to spread over the press of the
nation their side of labor dispute.
1t is general knowledge that we
substitute the farmer and that sim
liar gestures are made through
our tax laws for business. There
is no great clamor against this
type of Socialism," even though
only a segment our our population
benefits. The entire population
shares in the benefits of good pos
tai service, yet the cry is always
heard about deficits" spending"
and waste" in the postal estab-
lishment.
As an organization representing
postal employees, we have more
than a normal interest in the bal
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

deficit, service charge or operating
expense-it is nothing new. In
the past 100 years there have been
only thirteen in which postal reve-
nues exceeded expenditures, and
those were years of wa1 (when the
military assumed large portion
of the charge for transporting the
mails) or, for example, when some
new or unusual service, like the
establishment of parcel post IN
1914, brought in additional income.
If deficits are not new, neither
are Congressional Investigations,
ordered for the purpose OF reduc-
ing such deficits. The records of
Postmaster General Richard Bache,
who served under President Wash
ington, disclose that Congress or
dered several inquiries to determ-
inc if costs could be reduced with
out unduly decreasing service. In
that respect conditions have not
changed materially in our day.
This postal deficit would right
fully be a matter of serious con
Germ to every taxpayer If postal
functions were rendered to linn
tied few of our population. Such
is not the case. AS matter OF
fact. no service offered the people
by their federal government is as
widely available or more unlvers-
ally used than the postal service.
Statistics alone prove this claim.
For example, during the past five
year period, pieces of mail per cap
tia increased from 261 to 316. This
is 33 per cent increase in mail
volume during period when the
population of the United States
grew only 10 per cent. In 1854
it is estimated that the postal SER
vice will handle 53,700,000,0C0
pieces of mail, or 329 pieces for
every, man woman and child in
the United States.
The question is therefore, it
seems to US, not one of presence
or absence of a deficit-very def
initely postal expenditures greateiy
exceed revenues-but is the postal
service performing worthwhile
function in our lives? If the an
swer is in the affirmative, the
next determination is how much
in dollars and cents it is worth
to taxpayers. In other words, is
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02

people, widely separated though
they may be. People have changed
and chronological advances have
provided new methods with which
to carry out the functions of the
postal service, but the real pur-
pose of the system remains UNI
changed.
In early days the principal
means of transportation was by
horse or coach. AS intercoastal
Waterways were opened, dispatches
were made by boat. The idea was
to get letter from the sender to
the addressee as fast as possible
That is still the first objective of
the service Today, however, the
Postoffice d p rtment utilizes
trains, planes, ships, steamboats,,
trucks, buses, automobiles, trac-
tors, trailers, riverboats, tugs,
pneumatic tubes, helicopters, sleds,
wagons, hores and mules to move
the mail and get it delivered in the
shortest possible time.
Behind all these methods of han
ding mail are more than half a
million employees. Their skill and
devotion to duty make the postal
service tick. No mechanical CON
trivance can substitute for their
pride in their work; no machine
can match the skill of their brains;
their loyalty to the traditions Of
the service is irreplaceable.
In colonial days the sole function
Of the postal service was to deliver
letters and mail packets. 1t was a
cash-and-carry system, the postage
stamp not coming into use until
l847. In Benjamin Franklin's day
there were less than seventy-five
postoffices and only 1000 miles
of post roads. The total budget
was approximately $25, 900.
Today the postal department is,
in effect, one of the worlds largest /
businesses. Its revenues equal .
about two and one-half billion dol .
lars. 1t employs half a million
people. 1t operates more than Al !
900 postoffices. 1t has a fleet of |
10000 motor vehicles. 1t manages
over $4,000 buildings and leased
quarters. Its delivery system
reaches every home and office in
every section Of our country and I
its possessions.
The point is often overlooked,
however, that collecting, sorting,
transporting and delivering mail
are but one part of the many func-
lions rendered the American people
by the postal establishment. Among
the eXtracmricular services which
come to mind is the sale of savings
stamps and bonds, documentary
stamps, internal revenue stamps
and migratory bird stamps. The
Postoffice Department also oper-
ates the worlds largest savings
system, with deposits Of rs mil
mion dollars.
In most instances, it operates
and maintains the federal building
In your city. 1t furnishes person
mel to conduct the thousands of
civil service examinations going on
all over the United States practic-
ally every day of the year. At
various times the Postoffice De
partment has given without charge
It's facilities and manpower to ac-
complish the mission of some fed
eral agency. Two of the better
known instances in this category
were the registration of foreign
aliens for the Justice Department
and the distribution of adjusted
savings bonds, following World
War |, for the Treasury Depart
ment.
No one knows better than the
working men and women that ev-
prGyf iaor ryo11 - IL
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-01-02
SALUTE MARCH OF DIMES

right Carl Murphy Baltimore Md president of the
National Publishers Association Morrow
Spaudng Washington D. c. assistant the secretary S. De-
Health Education Welfare; Mrs. r. StillmOn
Smith Ga president Womens Auxiliary to the National
Association and Dr. j. H. Jackson Chicago president of
the National Baptist Convention Inc These leaders praised polio
Polio Prevention Program research
professional education They to
respond Literally bring the when polio VIII no longer
be 1854 of Dimes Jan. 2-3l.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-07-22
Luther II. Moore,
EtchisOn Native,
Dies in Damascus

Funeral services were held July
IS for Luther II. Moore of Damas
Gus, at 2 pm. in the Damascus
Methodist Church, with the Rev.
A. Dean Kesler and the Rev. A.
O'Dell Osteen officiating.
Mr.. Moore, who died after an
illness of several weeks, was a
native of Etchison, the son Of the
late Luther ]. and LYDIA Warfield
Moore. He was IS.
Surviving are his wife, Mrs.
Louise Moore; two daughters,
Mrs. David Pope of Damascus
and Mrs. Mark Fleming of Eli
colt City; three brothers, William
F., Clifton L. and Russell G., all
of Etchison, and three grand
children.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-07-22
Achievement Days of Montgomery County All Girls
Next Week at Gaithersburg's Agricultural Center

Achievement Days for Mont
gomery County's All girls club
will be held next Tuesday and
Wednesday at the Agricultural
center in Gaithersburg.
Biggest event of the year for
Alters, members will display
their projects and results of 9th.
err activities.
The public has been invited to
attend Tuesdays main events
/ to A pm. for exhibits, and s
pm. Wednesday at the County
Style revue.
Mrs. John Morris is chairman
of the Achievement Day commit
tee. Members of the committee
are Mrs. Milton Tabler, Mrs. l..
A. Biggs, Mrs. Paul Stadler, Mrs.
Rodney Whitaker, Mrs. Everett
Trumbo and Mrs. William RObey.
Fourth girls will enter their
exhibits between 10 and II am,
July q, at the Agricultural Cen
ter. The exhibits will be judged
in the afternoon of this day. En-
try blanks which are to accom-
pany the exhibit may be obtained
from Miss Elizabeth Skeats, as
sistant home demonstration agent
in charge of girlss All Club work,
Room SOL, County Office Build
ing.
Parents are urged to have girls
participating in the Style revue
at the Agricultural Center at Z
pm. on July %, in order that
the official entry list may make
up and to enable all the girls to
receive the same instruction for
modelling.
The following local leaders and
girls will be working toward the
successful management of the
event: Mrs. Roland Green, chair.
man, entry committee, assisted
by Mrs. William Robey, Mrs.
John Candy, Mrs. Dale Hunt,
Mrs. Milton Tabler, Mrs. Harri-
son King, Betty Henderson, Janet
Candy, Betty Henderson and
Joyce Tabler.
Also, Mrs. Roy Arnold, chair
man, recording committee, as
sisted by Mrs. Rodney Whitaker,
Mrs. Martin Poole, Mrs. John
Wells, Mrs. Geral Morgan, Mrs.
Leo Mccarthy, Mary Jan Arnold,
Mary Virginia Dorsey, Libbey
Lou Kelley, Virginia Jensen, Dor
othy King, Sandra Lee King.
Mrs. Russell King, chairman,
awards committee, along with
Mrs. Rodney Keith, Mrs. Allie
Messer, Anita King, Marilyn
Mumford, Joan Breslin, Mary
Louise Kirk, Ruth Ellen Burdette,
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-07-22

JOY Green, Patsey Stevens, Betty
10 Wear, Gloria Sirk, Pat Mead;
Mrs. Paul Stadler, hostess COM
mittee chairman, assisted by Mrs.
Andrew Miller and Mrs. l.. Reug-
err; Mrs. John Morris, style re-
vue chairman, assisted by Mrs.
Walter Hunter, Mrs. Cecil Baker.
Mrs. L. A. Biggs, Mrs. Merle
Bragdon, Mrs. Benjamin Stevens;
Mrs. Herbert Mumford, chairman
of the committee to return eX-
hibitS to the owners after the
style revue, assisted by Mrs.
George Lechlider, Mrs. Arthur
Stang, Mrs. Malcolm Morse, Mrs.
Russell UmStead, and Mrs Fran
els Howard.
All CLOTHING MEETINGS
One hundred and two degrees
in the shade? Some All girls had
no knowledge of it, so engrossed
were their interests in the cloth
ing projects they were completing
during the three-day clothing
meetings set up in their commune
ties or the Home Demonstration
office. Local leaders and home
demonstration agents were at
close range to keep hemlines even
and seam allowances large
enough. Girls received guidance
in clothing training, making all
types of garments, from simple
cotton aprons to tailored wool
suits. Credit for the success of
these seventeen different meet
ings goes to the following All
local leaders who gave generous
ly of their time and talents to
encourage the All girls in cloth
ing work:
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-07-22
the opening Of our new
CAT ER PILLAR
PARTS & SALES BRANCH
In FREDERICK MD.
...fo serve you BETTER

The Abon ree +hot the purchase wdened
products Excellent machines without good osome your
investment for any
We protect kind
need Ready provide with 24our emergency
Caterpillar products No guessing hoping when CAT genuine
Pot Proper design mofeo oens heat
has habit with The Abon personnel
large stock
talk to Mr. Hike our Ports Monoe the who knows
problem
The brand Of speed. service and accuracy provide
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-07-22

the style, the power, and the value that
have made Buick such best-selling
success this year. For Buick today is out
selling all other cars in America except fWO
of the so-called "losC-brice three. :"
Smart tip: With Buick such beautiful
buy this year, think what a winner it's
bound to be at trade-in time! Come see
us this weekO
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-07-22

N/oU can see for yourself the gay and
Il gorgeous styling that's sure to be the
fresh note next year, too.
And you can easily learn that here is
power a-plenty-the highest vs. power,
Series for Series, in the annals of Buick
history.
But what you can never know, till you
try it yourself, is the feel of Buick in
motion.
It's ride as precision soft and firm as
only coiled steel can make it.
Yes, coil springs on all four wheels. And
full-length torque tube drive for true
tracking. And massive X-braced frame
for solid steadiness. And specially cali
brated shock absorbers, " braced struts,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-18
ROOMS FURNISHED NV

NEW HAMPSHIRE HOUsE-Newl,
decorated rms. daily maid service.
s SaSasSas .y: serves 5i2 7as sss
eos.. SPACE sor@sa hot s aaee
81 nsRRsoSsp sSs7 e sssh
refgr.. grill. clock-radio. TV, air
foam. 2147 F st. NV. Elk. 3-0653.
SINGLE. SUNNY FRT. RIM. adjoining
p t5fps2 d "a; Sel l745 Que St, 1 NV
Nicely III Z, f urn i ssle. rm'. LIST H.
ACROSS FROM sTxTLER-1se. cor
ner rms. al. shower. twin beds:
sgle. IS; dble S14. 1901 K st. 80
ACROSS FROM STATLER,. zoos 10th
st. n.w.-Maid service: front; spa
cious: $50 ME. S-33S0. Is
DUPONT CIRCLE A.. Attrae. conf
I'M, pvt. bath Also student rm,.'
best location reas' men, AD 4
conn. AVE. mr.. shoreham--studio
rm. l4X2O. daily maid. pvt. entr.;
ideal for career girl. no. 2-6334,
1888 18th ST: NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..
Sgle. and dble. rms. Clean, beaut.
furn.; modern baths. NO. 7-9669:
1923 10TH ST. Nw.-lbvely single
rm, next to bath; all new turn.; Just
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-18
ROOMS HOUSEKEEPING

FRONT ROOM AND ALCOyE in
quiet house; adults only; $50 mo.
lelec. retgr). 1406 Chaplin st. NV,
eS%i LEE Hwy, ARLINGTON. Va
Large room, refrigerator, stove:
next to bath. Phone IA. S-94o0.
1913 KENYON ST. and 2 rm.
apts.;. all utils., linen. wash. mach.
and dryer; wk. or mo. co. o-96l 8.
LIGHT FRONT RIM; Ink: / lady;
S40.75 per mo-: clean, quiet: 1923
1850 FILLMORE ST. N.W.-Lovely
studio room with kitchenette to a
refined person. $45 mo. NO. 7-2321
RID. NV. 1315-Large
Ink. rms. refgr., sink, S35-S3S mo.
Quiet, clean house. DE. 2-0135.
Mr.. DUPONT CIRCLE. completely
furn. incl. running water and rfgr
1912 2lst st NV. ME. S-5473..
WILSON HOUSES 1922 18th st, NV
Excellent rms. stove, retrg" lobby
WELCOME; > nice lee
rms. sinks and hot plate. laundry
PRIVILEGES in private homn No
drunks allowed: close to every
thing Call at any time. RA. 6-3S06
H. OF 2 70 or ; PERSONS, SIS n e Ca:
refEr. grill. clock-radio: nv air
foam. 2147 r st. NV. Elk. B-o835.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-18
SITUATIoNS-WoMEN

B.B.A. ADV. M.B.A. MANAGEMENT: 10
yrs. exper.; personnel, correspond
enee. advtg., adm. secy. oV. 3-03o3,
DFSTAL ASSISTANT or receptions.
experienced IN oral surgery. age 80,
pps Hyss1IrahlS, KE s-23:47.-2o
ing days. Call so. 5-7as1 after e
SECRETARY. expert. temporary;
available now; shorthand, tipping.
ssk pgGo sI:5o-Ssil;55 per hour. ia,
TYING DESIRED, will pick up and
deliver. Call LA. 6-6o22 before
WOMAN .o!a s. wishes 4noa,h housework and esild
WOMAN. colored. desires part-time
afternoons. 5 days. Ii. 4-3543.
WOMAN. colored. desires work clean
ing Office at night or 2 days laun-
dry work; expert refs. RIA. 81 9S.
l9s
YOUNG WOMAN. colored, good edu-
cation. neat. desires eve. work. II
RFFINED COL. GIRL desires work as
chamber maid in hotel. guest home.
EXCELLENT DOMESTICS. white and
cnlcred. cooks. housekeepers, nurses
QUEENS AGCY.. Elk. 3-S3I6. 10
COLORED GIRL desires work az
child care, g.h.w. or any kind. Gail
coIoREBS GIRL wishes job caring
5 days week, No. 7-soa2.
CoLORED GIRL. reliable. wishes 3
days work a week HU. 1886,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-18
SlTUATI0NS-MEN

ACCOUNT ANT. exper; books started
Kept part time: tax returns Refs. !;
lowest rates: prompt ~. 9-54O7
BOOKKEEPER, office mgr. s yrs
exper. mercantile. institutional and
public accounting; 81 yrs. old. vet
cram good refs. HE. 4-S5S4. 10
CHEF, colored, desires work in first
class hotel or restaurant; some ex-
per. Italian cooking., Ii. 3-O212.
CONSTRUCTION ENGINEER, coop
erative type with good general ex-
perience CO. 5-Ifi9. evenings .
CONTROLLER, accountant, office
s age e; excel refs; si26 wk; La.
MAN. 50. desires work full or part
time. day or night. bookkeeping &C.
counting. statistics, stock inventory
Box 253-D. Stal. 1Ss
MEN AVAILABLE for home cleaning.
yard work, painting and misc. odd
jobs THE SALVATION ARMY.
Harbor Light Corps. ME- $3.50:
RELIABLE CABINET. MAKER needs
full or part time work. Phone
Occoquan 1e6-J-11 ewes. and week
MAN desires Job driving:
Is years exper.; refs. AID. 2-571a.
C0LORED MAN desires lob as chauf-
feur and houSeman; city references:
free to travel. AID. 2-0793.
!sires day or night work OF any
kind co 6-3S3O