davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Mccarthy Treated Former Red
With Difference, Zwicker Says

said. and sent Peress to Camp
Kilmer. Four months later Gen.
Zwicker was assigned as COM
handing general at Camp Kill
mer.
Saying he could not discuss
the case further, Gen. Zwicker
said he was bound at the COM
mittee hearing by a section of
the law requiring that informa-
ton wanted from Government
department must be asked for
in writing and approved by the
President.
I'm an officer Of the Army"
Gen. Zwicker said. There are
certain things I'm not permitted
to do. To begin with, don't
know who in the Department Of
the Army issued the order di-
recting that PereSs be given an
honorable discharge. I'm not
supposed to know"
Quotes From Order.
He quoted from a copy of the
order that Maj. PereSs be re-
lieved from active duty and hon.
orably discharged from the Army
at the earliest practicable date,
depending on the officers de-
sires. but in any event not later
than 80 days from the date of
receipt of this letter"
This order, he said, was adj
dressed TO the commanding gen.
eral of the LIST Army at Gov
erenors Island here, and for
warded to him at Kilmer in rou-
tine fashion. There was nothing
for him to do. he said, but carry
it out.
If I disobeyed an order, I'd
be properly relieved of COM
mand in the morning." Gen.
Zwicker said. That's the way
it is in the Army and the way
it always has been"
Gen. Zwicker is career Army
man and veteran of the D day
assault in World War II.
Fifty years old, he is a native
Of Stoughton, Wis. and was as
signed to Camp Kilmer in July,
1853. four months after he had
been promoted to the rank of
brigadier general.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
McCurthy-ZWicker Transcript

criticize my Commander In
Chief.
The chairman: General. you
will return for q public ses-
sion at 1890 Tuesday morn
ing.
Gen. zwicker: This coming
Tuesday,
The chairman: Yes.
Gen. Zwicker: Here?
The chairman: Yes.
Gen. Zwicker: At what time?
The chairman: 1890. In
the meantime. in accordance
with the order which you
claim forbids you the right to
discuss this case. you will con-
tact the proper authority who
can give you permission to
tell the committee the truth
about the case before you OPP
pear Tuesday, and request
permission to be allowed to
tell us the truth about the
Gen Zwicker: Sir. that is
not my prerogative. either.
i. The chairman: You are or
dered to DO it.
Gen. zwicker: ] am sorry,
sir. I will not do that.
The chairman: All right.
Gen. Zwicker: II you care
to have me. I will cite certain
other portions of this.
The chairman: You need
cite nothing. You may step
down.
tThe committee was re-
cessed. subject to the call Of
the chair.).
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Gen. wicker Again
Refuses to Answer

Mr.. Jones: General, what is
your considered opinion of this
order here forbidding you to
assist this committee In ex-
posing the Communist con-
spiracy in the Army?
Gen. Zwicker: Sir. I cannot
answer that. because 1t is
signed by the President. The
President says don't do it
and therefore ! don't.
Mr.. Jones: What is your
considered opinion of that or
der? You see now. here is a
perfectly good example Of a
Communist being promoted
right in the ranks, all because
this executive order here. in
many respects, where we could
not get at these things earlier.
What is your considered opin-
ion Of an order Of that nature?
Gen. Zwicker: I won't an
swer that. because ] viii not
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Alabama Convict Killed
In Try 10 Scale Wall
BY the AssocIoied Press

SPEIGNER, Ala, Feb. GA
20-year-old convict was shot to
death and another wounded
while trying to escape over the
wall at Draper Prison early
today
First reports said three or
more men were believed to have
taken part in the attempted
break and that at least one
prisoner had made a getaway.
Deputy Warden j. H. Robertson
said, however, that a check OF
the prison population showed
only the two inmates were in
volved.
The dead convict was identi-
fed as Ronald Coleman OF
Birmingham. who had been in
prison only since June, 1858
and who also figured in an es-
cape plot in January. The in
iured prisoner was listed as
William Glover. 81, from Wing
ham, Ga.
MIR. Robertson said the two
men were caught in the cross
fire of two tower guards using
high-powered Shotguns.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Does Not Recall
Talking to Adams

Gen. Zwicker: I don't re-
call. I don't believe so. sir.
The chairman: Did you talk
to anyone in Washington?
Gen. Zwicker: No, sir, about
this case.
The chairman: Within the
week preceding his discharge?
Gen. Zwicker: No, sir.
The chairman: Did you at
any time ever object to this
man being honorably dis
charged?
Gen. Zwicker: I respectfully
decline to answer that. sir.
The chairman: You will be
ordered to answer it.
Gen. Zwicker: That is on
the grounds of this executive
order.
The chairman: You are or
dered to answer. That is a
personal matter.
Gen. Zwicker: I shall still
respectfully decline to answer
1t.
The chairman: Did you ever
take any steps which would
have aided him in, continuing
in the military after you knew
that he was a Communist?
Gen. Zwicker: That would
have aided him in continuing,
sir?
The chairman: Yes.
Gen. Zwicker: No.
The chairman: Did you ever
do anything instrumental in
his obtaining his promotion
after knowing that he was a
Fifth Amendment case?
Gen. Zwicker: No, sir.
The chairman: Did you ever
object to his being promoted?
Gen. Zwicker: / had no OPP
portunity to, sir.
The chairman: Did you ever
C1lOCI ally OUJCCOAO41 W tAAC P4O@.
motion of this man under your
command?
Gen. Zwicker: I had no OPP
portunity to do that.
The chairman: You say you
did not, is that correct?
Gen. wicker: That Is cor
rect.
The chairman: And you re-
fuse to tell us whether you OBJ
jected to his obtaining an
honorable discharge?
Gen. Zwicker: ] don't believe
that is quite the way the ques-
ton was plrased before.
The chairman: Well, answer
1t again, then.
Gen. Zwicker: I respectfully
request that I not answer that
question.
The chairman: You win be
ordered to answer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23

Gen. zwicker: Under the
same authority as cited before,
cannot answer it.
Mr.. Cohn: Did anybody on
your staff, General - Col.
Brown or anyone in Ga -.
communicate with the Depart
ment Of the Army on Febru-
airy / or February Q? In other
words. in connection, with the
discharge?
Gen. Zwicker: I don't know.
but I don't believe so.
Mr.. Cohn: To the best Of
your knowledge. no?
Gen. Zwicker: No.
Mr.. Cohn: In other words,
on January Is. 1854, you re-
ceived a direction from the
Secretary, signed by the Ad-
jutant General, / assume. that
is. Gen. Bergin. telling you to
give this man an honorable
discharge from the Army at
any practicable date. depend
ing on his desire. but in no
event later than 80 days; that
that was the order. and you
have nothing from the order
to change that order in view
of mis- testimony before the
committee; and therefore,
when the man came in and
wanted an honorable dis
charge, you felt under this
order compelled to give it to
him as a decision that had
been made by the adjutant
general. Is that correct?
Gen. Zwicker: That is cor
rect.
Mr.. Cohn: And you received
no additional words from the
Adjutant General on February
l or February 2. and before
you gave the discharge you did
not call and say. lin view of
all this. and his testimony on
Saturday. and Senator Nc
Carthy'S request for a court
martial, this man is in here
now. and is that all right?"
You never made any such call?
Gen. Zwicker: No. I did not.
Mr.. Rainville: General. I
think at one place there you
said he changed his request
to an immediate discharge?
Gen. Zwicker: That is cor
rect.
Mr.. Rainville: Then he had
previously objected to the dis
charge or at least he wanted
the full 80 days?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23

quoted the statement as saying
in effect that Senator Potter
approved the Mccarthy blast
which set off the current battle
between Senator Mccarthy and
Secretary of the Army Stevens.
Mr.. Jones declared Senator
Potter's announcement was "a
surprise to me as / had sub
mitted by resignation the day
before Senator Potter says he
fired me-" Mr.. Jones had an
nounced earlier that II have not
been and shall not be a candi-
date for any political office in
1854" He said he had not au-
thorized circulation of petitions
to put his name on the Maine
primary ballot.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Army
CONTINUED From First Page

affidavit given by Gen. Zwicker
on his alleged mistreatment at
Senator McCarthy's hands at
the New York hearing.
Mrs. Markward's testimony
was interrupted frequently as
Democratic members of the sub
committee, attending their first
public hearing since rejoining
the Mccarthy group. insisted on
definite proof that the Pentagon
code clerk was the same one
the former FBI informant said
was a card-carrying Communist
Party member.
Senator Mccarthy and Roy
Cohn. the subcommittee chief
counsel, said there was no Ques-
ton of mistaken identity and
Mrs. Markward's testimony has
been confirmed in every detail
by "other confidential agents
who have not been exposed"
No Similar Name.
Mr.. Cohn said there was only
one Annie Lee Moss file in the
FBI and this is the same indi-
vidual employed in the Pentagon
code room.
Senator Mccarthy interrupted
the presentation of the data re-
garding the FBI files to empha-
size that reference was being
made to reports in files sub
poenaed from the Army and the
Civil Service Commission.
1--WE are not referring today
to any reports received directly
from the FBI," the Senator said.
The woman's personnel record
was read during the proceedings.
1t showed that an Annie Lee
Moss was employed by the Gen.
eral Accounting Office around
l945 and was transferred to the
Office of the Army's chief signal
officer in December, 1850. The
records showed, Senator McCar-
thy said, that a loyalty hearing
on the woman was held in l946
and poSt-audited by the Lolalty
Review Board in l949.
On January 81. 1851, the tes-
timony brought out, new loyal
ty hearing was held and the
employe was rated eligible"
Senator Mccarthy commented:
1T Is inconceivable the Army
would clear this woman without
calling Mrs. Markward.
Left Red Party in 1851.
Mrs. Markward testified that
she had left the Communist
Party. in which she had served in
various capacities. including
treasurer of a Northeast club, by
January, 1851. She added that
she had an understanding with
the Justice Department at the
time that she was available to
testify. Her first public testi-
mony took place in July, 1851,
when she appeared before the
House Committee on n-Ameri-
can Activities. 1t was after that.
Senator Mccarthy. said, that Mr..
Hoover sent a memorandum to
the Army and the Civil Service
Commission about Mrs. Moss.
Mrs. Moss was i'll and did not
appear at the hearing. Senator
Mccarthy said she would be
called for testimony later, and
added:
Il think that when she comes
before the subcommittee she will
deny membership in the Com
munist Party. But. of course,
cannot say for sure what she
will do when she is under oath.
If she denies membership, her
case will be referred Immediately
to the Justice Department"
Five More to Testify.
The subcommittee will resume
hearings in the case at 1920 am.
tomorrow with five witnesses
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
CorpI. Prather' S Death
In POW Camp Confirmed

The Defense Department to-
day officially confirmed the
death in Communist prison
camp of Corpl. Kermit @.
Prather, "a, of Rockville.
The Reds announced his death
August Is, 1858. He had been
carried on the missing faction
list since December 1850
Corpl. Prather, colored, was
the son of Spencer Prather, a
Rockville plumber, and Mrs. Ha-
vana B. Jackson of Poolesville,
Md. He is also survived by a
sister, Mrs. Dolores Crutchfiield.
Linden, Md.
Corpl Prather entered the
Army after finishing Lincoln
High School in Rockville. He
was sent to Korea in June, 1850.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
CONTINUED From Page A-4.)

fully satisfied. then. when you
got the order to give an hon-
orable discharge to this Com
munist major?
Gen. Zwicker: I am sorry.
sir?
The chairman: Read the
question.
(The question was read by
the renorter.l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
General Refused
To Question Order

Gen. wicker: Yes. SIR !
was. !
Mr.. Cohn: General. I have
Just one or two questions.
The chairman: Let me ask
one question. In other words,
you think it is proper to give
an honorable discharge to a
man known to be a Com
munist?
Gen. Zwicker: No. I do not.
The chairman: Why do you
think it is proper in this case?
Gen. Zwicker: Because ! was
ordered to do so.
The chairman: In other
words. anything that you are
ordered to do, you think is
proper?
Gen. Zwicker: That is cor
rect. Anything that I am or
dered to do by higher author
ity, I must accept.
The chairman: Do you think
that the higher authority
would be guilty of improper
conduct?
Gen. Zwicker: It is conceiv-
able.
The chairman: Do you think
they are guilty of improper
conduct here?
Gen. Zwicker: I am not their
judge. sir.
The chairman: Do you think
to order the honorable dis
charge for a Communist ma
jor was improper conduct?
Gen. Zwicker: I think it was
improper procedure, sir.
The chairman: Do you think
1t is improper?
Mr.. Cohn: General, I just
want to ask you this: Peress
was discharged on February
2. which was a Tuesday.
Gen. Zwicker: That is right.
Mr.. Cohn: He appeared be-
fore the committee on Satur-
day. On Monday or Tuesday.
did you speak to anybody. in
the Department of the Army
in. Washington. telephonically.
about the Peress case? On
Monday or Tuesday?
Gen. Zwicker: Let me think
q minute. It is possible that
I called LIST Army to inform
them that Peress had changed
his mind and desired a dis
charge as soon as possible.
Mr.. Cohn: Who would you
have told in the LIST Army?
Who would you call? CO., or
Gen. Burress2
Gen. Zwicker: I don't think
In that case ! would call Gen.
BurreSS
Mr.. Cohn: Gen. Seabree?
Gen. Zwicker: No. It would
have been 'G-1, or deputy
chief Of staff,
Mr.. Cohn: Who is that?
Gen. Zwicker: Gen. Cur
ney.
Mr.. Conn: You don't re-
member which one it was?
Gen. wicker: / don't re-
call that called.
Mr.. Cohn: Did you talk to
Mr.: Adams in those days?
Gen. Zwicker: No, sir.
Mr.. Cohn: Did you ever talk
to Mr.. Adams before yester-
day? You recall whether or
not you spoke to him?
Gen. Zwicker: I know Mr..
Adams. yes. There was one
call but I think that came
from a member of your COM
mittee, from Washington, re-
questing that this man appear
before your committee first.
The chairman: You under
stand the question. Did you
talk to Mr.. Adams before yes
terday?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23

scheduled to testify. Senator
Mccarthy said the prospective
witnesses are persons he under
stands can be identified by Mrs.
Markward as having been active
in Communist operations here
and knew Mrs. Moss at the time.
But he added he was unable
to say they would admit know
ing her as a member of the
Communist cell.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Asked for Discharge
Within so Days


requested to be discharged on
the 31St of March. I think.
which would make it go days
from receipt. rather than the
full 90. He. did not ask for
the full 90, but he asked for
what amounted to so days,
two months.
Mr.. Rainville: Then he came
in as soon as he testified. and
asked for an immediate dis
charge and it was processed
routinely?
Gen. zwicker: That is cor
rect.
F. Mr. Rainville: But you never
thought it necessary after he
appeared before the commit
tee or when he made that re-
quest to discuss his appearance
before the committee with
tim2
Gen. Zwicker: am sorry.
Mr.. Rainville: My question
is this: After he appeared be-
fore the committee and he was
still a member Of your COM
mand, even though he was on
separation. you didn't ask him
to come in and report what he
testified to?
Gen. Zwicker: No. sir.
Mr.. Rainville: And you did
not think it was necessary
when he came in and asked
for an immediate discharge
instead of go days to ask him
what transpired so as to get
some kind of an idea as to
why he wanted it Immediately
Or why he is in a rush to get
out now instead of taking the
so days that he wanted before
that?
Gen. Zwicker: That was be-
yond my prerogative. did
not.
Mr.. Rainville: AS an officer
of your command. certainly
what we usually call the Old
Mans privilege there, prerog-
gative, they may ask that sort
of question. and so forth, so
long as he is one of your
command. But you didn't do
it?
Gen. Zwicker: No. He told
me he wanted to be released
and I said all right.
Mr.. Jones: General, did the
counsel of the Army advise
you not to discuss the Peress
case?
Gen. Zwicker: He did not.
Mr.. Jones: He did. not adj
wise you?
Gen. Zwicker: No, sir.
The chairman: Who did adj
wise you?
Gen. Zwicker: No one.
The chairman: What did
you and Mr.. Adams talk about
yesterday?
Gen. Zwicker: Mr.. Adams
and I talked about the various
procedures of prior meetings
such as this. He tried to in
dictate what I might expect.
Mr.. Jones: Did Mr.. Adams
advise anyone not to discuss
the PereSS case to this COM
mittee?
Gen. Zwicker: ! am sorry.
He did not advise me.
Mr. Jones: I mean to your
knowledge. did he advise any
other person?
Gen. Zwicker:: To my knowl-
edge he did MT
Arizona sun., 1954-01-15
GIoboI
Jottings
BY RUBY TENNYSON

NEW YORK, (GlobaD - Fol-
lowing his yearly custom, Cover
nor Thomas E. Dewey of New
York proclaimed January 5th as
George Washington Carver Day
in honor of the famous Negro
scientist who died on January 5,
1943. Celebrations were held
throughout the State.
Cynthia Musgrove, darling
little girl from Pompano Beach,
Florida, is the March of Dimes
Poster Girl this year. Polio has no
heart at all. 1t strikes at all ages,
and little children are such pa
thetic little victims. We under
stand the National Foundation last
year used over SIS million of March
of Dimes funds to increase avail
able supplies of gamma globulin.
Used in mass innoculation, it has
been proven that these injections
can effectively reduce the number
of caSoS
Arizona sun., 1954-01-15

NEW YORK, (GlobaD = Joe
Louis and his revue, with Leonard
Reed and Lucky Millinder clicked
at Harlem's Apollo Theatre
Buck Clayton, Jimmie Crawford
and Don Abney currently at
Broadway's Basin Street
Billy Eckstine going great in
Hollywood.
Eartha Kit her usual dynamic
self on Jimmy Durante's Colgate
Comedy Hour two weeks ago d. .
Everything Joni James touches
turns to~a hit. A great gal with
such a nice voice Walter Bis
hops is one of Tin Pan Alleys well
known songwriters -. There
Was a Time" is one of the finest
ballads to come our way from
France in a long time. It was
penned by Charles Tremet of LA
NnSl IdlllS. AllO, OIIlllly GCW al OS
proves to be the perfect singer for
it.
Pearl Bailey making her first
local cafe appearance here in
more than a year at La Vie En-
Rose "The Younr Round"
all-NegrO revue tried out last
Spring in Harlem, is slated for a
Broadway opening April 10
Noble Sissle to do a six-day week
ly disc jockey program over radio
station WMGM starting January
18 -. &. Audrey Hepburn a cinch
to receive some kind of award for
her work in Roman Holiday"
Rita Faye, pert pint-sized child
star, has another pair of delightful
sides out. I'm Problem Child
and Mister Lightniin' Bug" Shir-
ley Hammer, the beautiful Canadi-
an thrush, has a lovely intimate
style Louis Jordan returning
from Miami soon to do a series OF
recordings.
Business minded show folk
Billy Eckstine investing in a fine
new Negro hotel in Miami Beach,
named the Carver-Gladys Hamp-
ton dionePs wife) planning to
open an exclusive dress shop here
in Harlem on 125th Street.
Show folk happy for w. C. Han
dy and his bride who has been his
devoted secretary for many years
Irma Louise Logan.
Arizona sun., 1954-01-15
Nationally Known and Beloved Figure Has Been
An Arizona Winter Visitor in the Valley
of the Sun for the Past Ten Years

Urban League in 1851 was due
largely to the contacts which Nh
Jones made while here, and the
encouragement and guidance which
he gave to the Board of Directors,
oOzonUnWltbe Wis EFT SH 40 RID
He is survived by a wife, the
former Blanche Watson; two chill
dren, Eugene Kinckle Jones Jr.,
attorney, and Mrs. Adele Penn, So
cial worker, and two grandchildren,
Betty and Vann Jones.
Arizona sun., 1954-01-15
How Can |?

U. How can l keep WOOlenS
soft?
A. If the WoolenS are rinSed
in water of the same temperature
as that in which they were washed
they will dry nicely and be as soft
as originally.
q. How can Reep window sills
i'm good condition?
A. Refinished window sills will
keep in perfect condition if a fine
floor wax is rubbed on them pc
riodically.
complishing many fine things, Miss
Johnson has never asked for or
sought credit or recogniation. She
is truly deserving Of the Citizen
award"
Arizona sun., 1954-01-15
EDUCAAT. 4 TON J. |
NOTES


long period of experimentation in
the field of education, the pendu-
lum seems to be swinging back and
educators are returning once more
to some of the tried and true meth
ods in teaching. In recent years,
the scientific approach to many
areas of activity in American life
was carried over into education
where teaching methods were de-
veloped by means of scientific at
tempts to catalogue human abili-
ties.
Educators soon began to ques-
ton the validity of 10" tests, for
instance, when they found that a
high 10 according to psychological
test did not in any way insure
success of the individual in later
life. Now scientists in the objec-
tive way of scientists, have studied
the results of their own work dur
ing the past years and have come
face to face with the fact that
science is not necessarily infallible,
especially when dealing with the
human factor.
A group of 5000 scientists, MEM
bers of the American Association
for the Advancement of Science,
met nj Boston last week and came
up with some startling information
regarding their findings in the
fields of business and education.
They seem to have learned that
carefully planned course of study
for a career in business does not
necessarily prepare a young man
for such a career. In fact, they
faced the 1act that carefully
planned colleeg educations, de-
signed to produce leaders, often
breed leadership out of the man" I"
On the other hand, they found that
many successful people in business
started with very little more than
an elementary school education
and learned their businesses from
actual work in the field and from
the natural stimulation of compe-
tition in business.
The group also found that many
children apparently learn more
from hit-or-miss eXtra-curricular
activities than they do from scien-
tifically worked out academic
studies. They found, too, that par
ents who were guided more by in
stinct and love than by science,
turned out better adjusted chill
dren.
These facts could have great in
fluence on the future planning of
curriculum in schools, and on the
development and operation of guild
ance programs.