davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-02-21

international communism or any
other totalitarian doctrine" The
fourth meeting Of consultation
(foreign ministers meet periodically
to consider urgent matters) at
Washington In March, 1851, ordered
studies made Of methods for fight
ing communism. The whole issue
Of communism will break open In
the discussion Of these studies.
The fact that Guatemala now has
an "undemocratic regime" with an
alien flavor will not deter that coun-
try from pressing this issue. Guate-
mala may see it as a wedge that
can be driven between the Western
allies.
The agenda question relating to
colonialism is another test for
United States diplomacy. The pres
ence Of British, French and Dutch
colonies has become increasingly
unpopular In Latin America. The
1948 Bogota Conference resolved
that "colonialism and the occupa-
tion Of American territories by
CAVA q -NOAA1AA1C4Av0A OOuA1Lk 1CS
be brought to an end" The confer
ence also named a committee to
study the whole question and submit
report at Caracas.
When this report comes UP the
delegations will divide along three
lines-those considering European
colonies a United Nations question.
those suggesting the conference
should produce at least another reso-
luton supporting self-determination
and those with territorial claims
against the British. Guatemala re-
CARDS British Honduras as part of
its territory occupied by Britain.
Argentina feels similarly about the
Falkland Islands: in fact, Argentina
has issued stamps showing the
islands % Argentine territory.
Naturally. these countries will
Evening star., 1954-02-21
Conference Site
Sparkling New Meeting Place Awaits Delegates
In Air-Conditoned' Capitol of Venezuela
By WiIIiom Hines

Oy Vub'
A sparkling new University City
has been rushed to completion for
the March meeting of American
states in Venezuela's capital, Ca
racaS.
Delegates will use meeting and
working facilities in buildings which,
for sheer architectural modernism.
put even the avant-garde United
Nations center in New York to
shame. The aul0 magma, or univer-
sity auditorium, where plenary ses-
sions of the convention will be held,
is nothing short of startling. A photo
of the interior of the auditorium
appears on this page.
The huge assembly hall-it seats
more than 1000 persons-has walls
of stark plaster white. Overhead
hang strangely shaped objects in
almost every color. They look like
flying saucers. Actually, these king
size mobiles are sound battles which
can be manipulated by cables to
change acoustical characteristics in
side the building.
Like the U. N. Assembly building,
the Aula Magma will be wired for
the babel of sound that accompanies
any international meeting. Simul-
taneous translatorS will render all
proceedings into the four official
languages of the conference: English
(for the United States), French
(for Haiti. Portuguese (for BrazlD
and Spanish (for the II other
republics that will attend).
Librory for Offices
Adjacent to the auditorium stands
a History library building that will
be used as Office space for the dura-
tion of the meeting. It bears to
the Aula Magma the same ,architec-
tural relationship that the secre-
tariat building bears to the assembly
building at the U. NJ. as well as the
same business relationship.
Just outside the big auditorium is
a spacious covered patio where dele
gates can stretch their legs between
sessions. .
Except for q small area that has
been in use for short time as an
educational institution, the Unlver-
sity City is brand-new. 1t was dedi-
Gated early last December at special
ceremonies attended by Venezuelan
President Marcos Perez Jimenez.
The University City is more or
less symbolic of Caracas, city with
probably the worst growing pains in
the world. More than 100000 per-
sons now jam the city-twice the
number that lived there a decade
ago.
The Venezuelan government, roll
ing in money from oil wells, has
been doing it's best for a year and
half to remake an old Colonial
capital into a modern American
metropolis. It has succeeded to an
amazing degree. but traces of old
Spain remain. The most irksome
leftover from the old days-from the
point Of view of "progress"-is the
network Of narrow streets down.
town. An estimated 100000 auto
mobiles maintain q perpetual traf-
fic jam-but without the deafening
-honking that characterizes
tie-ups In the States. A fine Of 500
Evening star., 1954-02-21

bolivares $500 awaits any one
caught sounding an auto horn with.
out good reason.
The New City
In the eastern part of the valley
filled by the capital, few traces Of
HiSpanic culture can be seen. The
culture in this new. rich section Of
the city is symbolized by the neon
sign on tall building just outside
the University City gates. The sign
reads, Chevrolet" About a mile
from the university is a large de-
partment store operated by Sears,
Roebuck y Cia.
On hill about miles from the
university stands magnificent new
hotel, built by government and pri-
vate interests and operated by tho
International Hotels Corp, an
American-dominated concern. This
hotel, the Tamanaco, out -ShamrockS
the elegance of Houston's famed
hostelry. It will be jammed to the
rafters with delegates. It's 400 rooms
have long since been reserved for
the duration of the conference-at
average rates of SIS a day without
meals.
Prices Are High
This room rate more or less indi-
Gates the economic situation in Ca.
racas, one of the most expensive
cities in the world. The Tamanaco's
night club boasts $40 cover charge.
Dinner in any good restaurant will
set the diner back from So to $12
without wine. A Smile taxi-ride
downtown cost at least So, and more
If the driver can get it.
For delegates and visitors on ex-
pense accounts. however, Caracas
should be a pleasant place to stay.
Though it is definitely in the tropics
only 10 degrees north Of the
Equator-the city does not suffer
from the Suffocating heat usually
associated with those latitudes. It
lies in valley 5000 feet above the
sea. which is high enough to mod
crate the heat but still low enough
not to cause discomfort due to rarity
OF air. Parallel mountain ranges
about miles apart channel prevail
ing winds through the city. giving
Caracas a sort of built-in air con-
ditioning. There is little artificial
cooling of air. even in the newest
buildings. Architects prefer to take
advantage of cross-ventilation. At
night, it is not unusual to need q
light blanket on the bed.
Some delegates. however. will find
the political climate of Caracas no
match for its natural climate. Costa
Rica, for instance, has boycotted
the conference because of alleged
political oppression of opponents by
the government of Col. Marcos Perez
Jimenez.
There is no doubt that serious
limitations on freedom of political
opinion exist in Venezuela, and that
these limitations are more stringent
than would be considered conStitu-
tional in the United States. Anti
Perez elements say 5000 enemies Of
the regime are behind bars. Neutral
sources estimate 2,400. President
Perez Jimenez contends the total 10
only 800.
Evening star., 1954-02-21

can countries of similar conspiracy.
The issue of fomenting revolu-
tions or civil strife in another coun-
try will also be considered under
another item on the agenda. The
1928 Convention on Duties and
Rights Of States in Event of Civil
Strife required states to prevent
aliens from forming armies on their
soil to invade another country. It
was signed by II states, but the
practice continued. This confer
ence will consider adding a proto-
col that would make the 1928 con-
vention more effective.
Economic Problems
While these political issues are
interesting and important for the
stability Of United States allies. the
economic issues present a greater
challenge to United States national
interests. Here we must stand and
be counted. And it looks as if we
may be counted out before the vot-
ing Is over.
For the nrSC time since 1923, we
have few economic concessions to
offer. The Eisenhower administra-
tion has not yet clearly committed
itself to reciprocal trade agreements.
1t is retrenching on foreign eco
nomic aid.
Latin countries will, however, en-
ter the conference with the strongest
economic bloc they ever had. They
will negotiate on the inference Latin
America must have markets for its
raw materials. If the United States
doesn't lower its tariff barriers, they
will find markets in the Soviet bloc.
Coffee viii be in the immediate
background Of economic debate. It
will remain a symbol Of the griey-
ances among Latin countries, whose
Evening star., 1954-02-21

half have broken diplomatic rela-
tions with Russia and outlawed local
Communist parties. But some Latin
countries say communism Is o do
nestle or constitutional matter, and
collective action against it may con-
flict with their principle Of nom
intervention In domestic affairs.
Latin statesmen pushed this prin-
ciple. for many years and hailed
United States recognition Of it in
1884 as the cornerstone Of the inter-
American system. Some are more
concerned about an infraction Of
this principle than the problem Of
communism.
Collective Action
Even Guatemala's worst enemies
in neighboring Central America are
reported hesitant to subscribe to
effective collective action. There are.
however, some who will for price
economic concessions.
At best, the United States can
expect support from several dicta-
tors. This would place us in the
poor theological position Of being
supported by totalitarian regimes
and opposed by democratic ones.
To avert this embarrassment, we
may delay showdown for later
conference under better circum-
stances. Or we may get some neigh
Dor Of Guatemala to press the
project.
Ironically, this issue. now directed
at Guatemala. got on the agenda
through the action of an earlier and
more moderate Guatemalan govern
ment. It proposed at Mexico City in
1945 "to stop the establishment of
undemocratic regimes in the Amer
icas. At Bogota the threat Of "un-
democratic regimes" was defined as
Evening star., 1954-02-21

Latin America, with population
already equal to that of the United
States and Canada combined, is the
faStest-growing area in the world.
This fact alone would be enough
to make Uncle Sam look southwark.
as he will be doing at the coming
Caracas conference. to firm up ties
with an important part of the world.
But there is another good, practical
reason for paying closer attention
to Latin America: Much of that
area is moving from an underde-
veloped status onto higher produc-
ing and consuming level. South and
Central Americans are bound to
grow more important in the near
future, both economically and po-
litically.
The population Of Latin America,
according to latest estimates, is
about 173 million. Canada and the
United States, the only two English
speaking nations. count about 1876
million and 100 million persons, re-
spectively. Three Latin American
countries are more populous than
Canada-Brazil, the eighth largest
nation in the world with about 81
million; Mexico with more than 81
million, and Argentina with 18
million.
There are 81 cities in Latin Amer
lea with q population Of more than
100000, compared with 106 in the
United States. The third, fourth,
fifth and sixth largest cities in the
Western Hemisphere are in Latin
America: Buenos Aires g million),
Rio de Janeiro CA million), Sac
Paulo, Brazil (2.2 million), and Mex
leo City CO.. million).
The Future
All this is small potatoes COM
pared with what is to come. While
world population Is growing at the
rate Of l per cent a year and the
United States Is growing IL per
cent q year, Latin America Is swell
ing by as per cent. II that rate
continues, Latin Americans will out
number North Americans $50 mil
lion to ESQ million in another so
years.
Reasons for the amazing growth
are the high, steady birth rates
(Chile, for instance. has had an
annual birth rate Of 80 or 80 q year
per thousand persons since 1894;
Venezuela Is up to 44.3 per thousand
and still gaining; no Latin Ameri-
can nation has as low a birth rate
as the United States 24.5) and
steadily declining death rates (Peru.
0.2 . year per thousand. down from
16 In 1897; Argentine, 81 compared
with 116 in 1887: Honduras. lot
compared with 1872 in 1887: the
United States has dropped slightly
from lib to o.7 over the same pc
rioO.
Birth rates in Latin America. pre-
dominantly Catholic countries. are
expected to remain high, but mod
ern health measures are expected to
lower the death rate further. So
populations are expected to con-
tnue gains like these: Argentina,
lS.6 million to more than 1S mil
Lion since 1887: Brazil. from 38.7
million to "a million; Mexico. 1877
Evening star., 1954-02-21
Inter-Ameicon Conference:
By Henry B. Lee

The Tenth Inter- american Con-
ference meets at Caracas O week
from tomorrowsto try to resolve in
one month issues that have been
developing for years. These issues
involve communism, colonialiSm,
coffee, and diplomatic asylum. Some
are deeply rooted in inter-American
history. Most are interrelated. and
all are complicated.
Each is loaded with implications
for United States diplomacy. Some
countries may oppose collective &C
ton against international commu-
niSm. Some will insist on Self-de-
termination for Latin American col
onies held by strong European allies
of the United States. A stronger,
Peron-led Latin bloc will press the
United States for economic conces-
EionS.
In addition, there are issues in-
volving disputes among Latin coun-
tries. The question Of diplomatic
asylum involves tense dispute be-
tween Peru and Colombia. Guate-
mala and the Dominican Republic
charge others with granting terri
torial asylum to promote revolution
ary movements against them. Last
week Costa Rica said it would not
attend the conference because 1t IS
being held within sight of a jail
crowded with Venezuelan political
prisoners. Chile'S Radical Party
went on record Thursday in oppo-
sition to Caracas as the site for the
same reason.
Thus this conference is confronted
with the severeSt test since the first
and founding conference at WASH
ington In 1889. Its agenda Is loaded
with explosive controversies. 1t may
DO the first time o member state
boycotts conference.
Much to Lose
The United States, moreover. has
much to lose and little to gain.
There are several issues on which 1t
can hardly take Q stand without
impairing relations with essential
allies.
In historical perspective the con-
ference Is nonetheleSs important. 1t
Is the first under the Organization
of American States, which replaced
the old Pan American Union at the
strife-torn 1948 Bogota Conference.
The conference, supreme OAS body,
meets every i've years to formulate
general policy for the next half dec
ade. Since Bogota, the United States
has scattered its foreign policy COM
mitments about the globe in response
to cold war demands. It's inter-
American commitments must be
made in the light of global demands.
It Is in the light of these extended
global demands that the United
States wants collective inter -Ameri-
can action against the growing
threat Of communism in the West
ern Hemisphere. The need for such
action is emphasized by the appar-
0nt control Communists have ac-
quired in Guatemala and the elec-
ton of q Communicated govern
ment In British Guiana last spring.
Except for Guatemala. all Latin
American governments are anti
Communist to some degree. About
Evening star., 1954-02-21

Exported from U. S.
Machinery, ears, chsmicols.
Machinery, cars, textiles.
Machinery, cars, chsmieols.
Machinery, eors, iron and steel.
Machinery, cars, chemicals.
Textiles, chemicals. machinery.
Foodstuffs, machinery, textiles.
Textiles. machinery. cars.
Machinery. eors, chemicals.
Textiles. machinery. chemicals.
Textiles, machinery, chemicals.
Textiles, machinery, cars
Machinery. textiles. chemicals.
Machinery, cars, chemicals.
Machinery. textiles, chemicals.
Textiles. chemicals, machinery.
Cors, machinery, textiles.
Machinery, cars, chemicals.
Machinery, cars, chemicals.
Machinery, eers, fOodstuffs.
eaknan.,,D ea-na1;t;ns Z. 40
Evening star., 1954-02-21

Imported to U. 5.
Wool. beef. tonnins extroet.
Tin, tungsten, lead ores.
Coffee, cocoa, eornoubo wox.
Copper. iron ore, nitrotes.
Coffee. bononos. crude oil.
Coffee, bononos, oboeo fiber.
Cone sugar. moIosses, tobacco.
Coeoo. coffee. ehocolote.
Bononos. coffee. eoeoo.
Coffee. vegetable oils.
Coffee, fbers, bononos.
Coffee, sisoI, cocoa.
Bananos, coffee, oboco fiber.
Iced. coffee. petroleum.
Coffee, vegetable oils, wood.
Bononos, fibers, cocoa.
Tonnins sxtroet, veg. oils, meota
leod. zinc. "copper"
Wool, wool tops, canned beef.
Crude oil. fuel oil, coffee.
It column. SOURCE: Bureou eI
Evening star., 1954-02-21

NOTE: 1883 % include sses for December exclude speeiuI
Ferssa Commerce. United Statss Department q Commerce
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-18

STORE with living quarters and
about acre. Is mi. south of d. c.;
hard road. bus line: So, 800, $500
down. $50 mo. TIE. 6-413l. ---22
GROCERY-About $500 stock and
Fo in SALE Akp REs s An n Lee hwy.
at Merrifield, near open-air theater;.
restaurant fully equipped; reas. Low
down payt. Call JE- $4,000 bet. Q
D Ell 3 Z ESSEN in ess.b. neiehSor-
ne sss d Snr soGa 1s ysaTE ,9sn s st
Priced for Qrdck sale. Cash or terms
OPPORTUNITY OPPORTUNITY ron IsDErENDENcE
Cur product Is making sales his
tory throughout the country, You
have heard US on Nv and radio. II
selected, person, will be. assigned
elusive ana protected territory with
with large weekly income. No sell
ing qualification necessary. A mini
mum investment Of $3.50 required,
which is secured by merchandise and
territory. Do not reply unless re-
sponsihle and ready to start inn.
dress drss and telephone number to Box
500 DoWN-Frozen food shop. rent.
$35: selling because Of other in
isrests. II; 3.9032 -. 20s
equipped. absentee owner forced to
sell for q fraction Of equipment cost.
New lease available. Part OF shop
ment: $4,000. terms. TO responsible
person. CAN MRS. KISER, 20. B.
"a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-18
HOUSES FOR sAlE-N.W.

UNIV. PARK, S25.95O--
Detached brick, bedrms., 2 baths
3rd a. finished and heated; paneled
rec. rm., screened and inclosed
porch, Diet: garage, h:-w. heat;
sxSsl l,,,T Gond;, must asoo sell Ell; a W. B.
BARNABY WOODS. p. C.. located
ton. this 2M-story modern brick
home has an appeal for home
ownership. LIST n. has lge. liv. rm.,
din. rm.. kit. breakfast rm:. rear
screened porch for privacy; 2nd A.
has 3 bedrms. (all twin sized), \.
dec; garage; gas a.-c. heat; nice
WRIGHT. EN-, $4,000 till Q.
EXHIBIT HOME. 1900
46th st. n.w.-Open daily, 81. Visit
Berkeley today and. You will under
stand why. in such q short time,
families decided to make their homes
here. Both ,2-story and one-fiooI
Colonial homes: from S34, $50 to
$4,000. FoXhall I'd. to Fulton, west
to 49th. left to w ST., left 4tith St
FRANK s. PHILLIPS, DI. T-I41I;
ewes. ~. 5-6456,
ais bath homes: s-bedrm. and den
hon es are to be. built Immediately
Price about $4,000. Ewes. WO. g.
CHEVY CHASE, D. C.-spac o,de,
house with charm. construction and
cs sns . wall sho 70 N Nssys.e sch0l
trees. cal Mr.. BoihaSen. JAMES L.
DIXON - CO., ST. $4,000; eyes,,
u III f-4S CHASE, D. C.. s1s,5oS--
Excellent value in this 3-bedrm., 2
KIT. electric dishwasher end dis
posal. w. B. WRIGHT, EN-. 3-5Gli
r iaE u CHASE. D. C., sao.soo.-A
good older house. Ideally located
has SOFT Me p iiv q iot dim aif fm. si Ill.,
bedrms.. bath on end a.; plu.
dressing rm. or nursery. rec. rm
with "a bath. Avail. Sept. 10
LEY REALTY CO.. EN-. 2.2a.6,
c 4 w CHASE. D. c-rirst time 3 81.
fered is this charming 2-bedrm.
stone-and-brick residence located /
blk. from excel. transp. Features are
famiyl-size liy. rn.. din. .rn., and kit
and real. screened porch on LIST H.;
z very lge. bedrms. and bath on
Priced to sen at $4,000. can Wo.
6-23o0. EDWARD H. JONES CO.,
INC. Chevy Chase. p. G. lie
chevy CMASE-Wonderfu home for
Q large family: convenient for the
city's finest public and parociial
schools; Al brick, heavy slate roof;
beautiful condition; first-fi, lavatory;
4 twin-size bedrms., 2 baths on End
a.: huge unfinished Bird floor with
many windows; lovely wooded corner
lot; In q splendid neighborhood.
Priced ct $29.500. FRANK s.
PHILLIPS, DI. 7-14l1; ewes. EN-.
CHEVY CHASE. d. c.-cony. in-town
loc., excel. neighhorhood, Diet, brk., /
yr. old: bedrms and den, 21a baths;
dishwasher. disposal. fin. rec. rm.
with lge. picture window. SIS, 900
cash win handle; asking S34 $50.
No agents. $500 Yuma St. nv. EN-.
Chevy CHASE, D. C.-4-bedrm., q
bath center hall detached with extra
finished rom on third moor: 2S-ft.
liy. nm, oil h.-w. heat: l blk. west
Of Conn. ave. nr. all schools. Priced
n the twenties: REALIsTINGs
CORP. HU. 3-5333 day or night.
go
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-18
MOVING. PACKING. STORAGE

ALCONN moves local. long dist. One
min. III. s-7a7s. RIA. s-ssSS.
ARE you MOVING to California or
to some other Western State? Daily
service on household goods and autos
ct lower rates. JUDSON FORWARD
ING, MA. S-4S52.
MOVING ACROSS THE STREET or
across the country; safe storage in
separate rooms: expert packing.
Phone NO. 7-0l04, UNION STOR-
AGE CO., INC. Established 1906.
LIGHT HAULING. local moving;
beaches speciality. s. L. MORRIS.
tn, 2-1150 or Ii. 6-2SS9.
MOVE BY HILL-Home or bus: short
or long notices: extra services. any
time; sensibly priced. LU. 1-9600.
EDELMAN MOVING AND STORAGE
will accept surplus furniture as part
payment on your moving. storagei
reas. ia. 9-2937; ewes. RIA. 3,lAl6.
ARROW TRANSFERRING move ~
Job or hour. 9 rooms Is low as
WHEN MOVING you want It done
right. Call IL 3-hQ41. EDELIN
MOVING q TRANSFER SERVICE.
COLLEGE PARK MOVIES. s. per
hour, up; or BY the job. WE. 6-6s94.
--22
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-18
MONTGOMERY COUNTY

BETHESDA-CHEvY CHASE. home for
large family, LIST A., 2 bedrms., bath.
liv. rnl.. firepl., Ice. din. rm.. good
sized kit; 4 rms, bath up; full
s Ssmt;' E [s%S hiw-5 81 garage; near
BETHESDA AREA@BricE rambler
3 bedrms.: lge. liv. rm. with dinine
space: GE kit: full bsmt. with bar.
SI6,95o; NICHOLSON : CALDWELL
- cozy little red brick
rambler, with attrac. living and din
ing rm. comb, talousied den or Ord
Schools Lynbr Ssans oS close .s sS az y
Lourdes and B.-c.c. High School.
Ready to move into. Cali Mrs. G.
kenner. OIL. 4-1710, with THOS. L.
PHLLIPS, WO. $1,000.
COUNTRY CLUB special;
near near Burning Tree, CONGRESSIONAL and
din. rm.. delightful kit. with break.
fast space; 3 bedrms., 2 baths, rec.
nm, screened porch; garage. So 800,
Do. 7-i659; NE. S-4653. FULTON
B &; SffHERoN' straightforward Is 90. cir
cumstances riecessitate the sale Of
this attractive red brick Colonial
with slate roof; located on 4 shady
street: near Suburban Hospital: 8
ige. rms. and tiled bath incl. q lst-
n. den, full bsmt.. lRe. screened
porch: beautiful. level wooded lot,
completely fenced in rear. FRANK
:. PHILLIPS. OIL. 2-7006; ewes. 10.
4617 North chelsea lane
- bedrms., Ice. lot, sep. din. rm.,
full bsmt. Open l.e pm. OWNER.
BETHESDA RAMBLER, located in
wildwood Hills, on 1a-acre Of
ground. nicely Handicapped: COM
bination Hv.-din. rm. with fireplace,
large well-equipped kit, 3 bedrms.,
Ia baths. spacious patio: nearly
SSiIs.sso9 @ ROBERT 3. HALL CO.
BETHEsDA-Pretty as Q picture on
shaded corner lot. Ideal for small
family: immaculate, modern brick
Cape Cod; 2 huge bedrms. lovely
reception hall. big kitchen, fun
bSmt.. garage; $4,000 cash will
handle. Call Mr.. Mccandless with
EARL T. WRIGHT. OIL. 10000.
ewes. OIL. 9-E542
BETHESDA---3 bedrooms. . baths.
den. located on large wooded lot:
priced at S23.500. Submit an offer
Modern brick Colonial full bsmt.. !
sep. dining room. Assume. large 4ss
LIST trust, or owner will consider
FLA re-financing Vacant. Ewes. cali
OIL. 2-9346. SAMUEL 4. BOGLEY,
INC. Oh. $500. go