davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-09

OF the actual commission of a
felony. cognizable by a court of
the. United States. conceals and
does not as soon as possible make
known the same to some judge
or other person IN civil or mill
tary authority under the United
States. shall be fined not more
than $500 or imprisoned not more
than three years. or both"
Congress, when it re-enacted
the Federal criminal code in
1948, was careful to retain this
criminal statute, which in eff
feet makes it a crime for any one,
including employees of the ex-
ecutive branch. to conceal evil
dence of felonious conduct. So
serious did the Congress regard
the offense of concealing in
formation on the commission of
a felony that it made the act
of concealment Of a felony itself
"a felony punishable by i'm
prisonment for a term up to
three years.
Holds Status Clarified.
Now the query will be raised
as to whether a United States
Senator is one in civil author
ity" to whom such evidence of
wrongful conduct can be pre-
sented in compliance with the
mandate of the above-outlined
statute. Fortunately, it is not
necessary to rationalize, con-
lecture. or speculate in a legal
vacuum on this matter, for the
United States Supreme Court
has expressly passed on the sta
tus of a member of Congress.
In Lamar VS.. u. S., 241 u. S. 1O2,
it expressly held that a member
of Congress- is civils officer of
the United States. part of the
civil authority of the Govern
ment. 80.
Accordingly, Senator Mccarthy
by virtue of express statutory
law and Supreme Court prece-
dent was entitled to receive, and
employees had the duty to give
him or some one else in civil au-
thority information on graft, cor
ruption, Communist infiltration
and espionage within the execu-
tive departments. Over and
above McCarthy's position as a
member of Congress, he, by virtue
of the election of the Senate, is
chairman of a committee, the
express duty of which is to study
"the operation of Government
activities at all levels with a view
to determining it's economy and
efficiency" The Standing Rules
OF the Senate so provide.
Didn't Seek Secrets.
All of the historical, judicial
and congressional precedent must
be viewed in proper context as
applicable to the facts in this
matter. There is no charge
against Senator Mccarthy that
he has solicited employees of the
executive branch to bring him
general classified" and conf
Dental" information. He has not
asked for this. He has asked for
information on graft. corruption,
Communist infiltration and es-
pionage inside the executive
branch.
There is nothing novel or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-09

order giving the honorable dis
charge to an officer who was q
member of the Communist Party
who had taken the Fifth Amend
ment while in the Army and be-
fore his discharge, what was his
answer with respect to what
should be done concerning that
situation, that particular gen.
eral?
Senator Mccarthy II asked
whether he should be removed
from the military. And then
down In the middle of page 153
the answer of Gen. wicker is
given as:
II do not think he should be
removed from the military"
The Chairman - The purpose
Of that question. obviously. was
to get the attitude of Gen.
Zwicker with respect to some
other general.
Senator McCarthy-It was to
find out, Mr.. Chairman, whether
there was Communist infiltra-
ton, whether it was condoned,
whether the commanding officer
condoned it and allowed an hon.
orable discharge. And he said, 81
do not think he should be re-
moved from the military" And
then you asked for my answer to
that. I said, which appears near
the bottom of page 1853: 1.-THE
ChairmanSThen, General, you
should be removed from any
command. Any man who has
been given the honor of being
promoted to general and who
says. I will protect another gen.
eral who protected Communists
is not fit to wear that uniform,
General. I think it is a tremen-
dous disgrace to the Army to
have this sort of thing given to
the public. I intend to give it to
them. I have a duty to do that.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-09

Mr.. Williams - Would you
point that out?
Senator McCarthy-On Page
154 he says, or. rather. I said.
DO you think that the higher
authority would be guilty Of i'm
proper conduct?
Gen. Zwicker-It is conceiv-
able.
1.-THE chairman-Do you think
they are guilty of improper con-
duct mere?
Gen. zwicker-I am not their
judge, sir.
"The chairman-Do you think
to order the honorable discharge
for a Communist major was i'm
proper conduct?
Gen. Zwicker-I think it was
improper procedure, sir"
Mr.. Williams-Then I cali
your attention to page 154, i'm
mediately above that where you
say, Let me ask one question. ="
Will you read that colloquy?
Sen. McCarthy-"Let me ask
one question. In other words.
you think it is proper to give an
honorable discharge to a man
known to be a Communist?
Gen. Zwicker-No, I do not. :"
Mr.. Williams-Senator, want
to ask you to describe if you will
in the most accurate manner,
but in very brief time, the
demeanor, the attitude, of this
witness as he testified before tie
committee.
Sen. Mccarthy would say
he was one of the most arrogant,
one of the most evasive wit
nesSes that have ever had be-
fore my committee, one of the
most irritating.
The chairman-Just what did
he do, other than answer the
questions? Was there something
with respect to his manner?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-09
Legal Brief Cites Precedents
As Basis for Mccarthy Action

FOLLOWING is q partial tert
OF brief submitted by At
torney EdWdrd Bennett VIII
liams to the Watkins Com
mittee today citing latDs and
precents relative to the charge
that Senator Mccarthy in
Uited Government employees
to giDe him classified informa-
ton on graft, corruption and
espionage:
:. 1t is submitted that under
the law and under the oaths
taken by employees in the Exec
utive Branch that it is not only
their express right to furnish
information on the above sub
jects to the Chairman of the
Government Operations Com
mittee, but it is their duty both
under the common law and un-
der the statutes of the United
States to afford him or some
other qualified officer in civil
authority such information.
1t has long been statutprily
recognized that the status of
Federal employment does not
preclude an employee from eth
er petitioning a member of Con-
gress or from furnishing infor-
nation to a member of Con-
.gress. S use. ss652 Cd speci-
fically provides as follows:
1.-THE. right of persons employed
in the civil service of the United
States, either individually or COL
lectively, to petition Congress, or
any Member thereof, or to furn-
ish information to either House
of congress. or to any commit
tee or member thereof, shall not
be denied or interfered with"
This statute was re-enacted by
the Congress of the United States
in its present form so recently
as 1948. It lis clear and UNI
eqHvocal, in its import. No quail
fications or restrictions are i'm
posed upon the right of federal
employees to take up matters with
and give information to Mem
bers and Committees of the
Congress of the United States.
This right is unequivocally and
Internationally guaranteed to
them.
Obligation Stressed.
Not only do such employees
have the right to petition and
give information to members of
Congress. but with respect to
certain matters, they have duty
under pains of criminal penal
ties to give such information to
those in civil authority, includ-
ing members of Congress. When
Senator Mccarthy invited en-
ployes of the executive depart
ments to give him information,
he restricted his request to in
formation On graft, corruption,
Communist infiltration and espi-
onage. 1t was his position that
such information could not be
insulated from exposure by a
rubber stamp. 1t was further
his position that it is wrongful
to conceal feloniously criminal
conduct and block it's disclosure.
For this he finds express author
ity, again, in the statutes of the
| United States. 18 use. ss4
provides as follows:
Whoever. having knowledge
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-09

I intend to repeat to the press
exactly what you said. So you
know that. You will be back here,
General
Mr.. Williams-Now then, did
you say. you are not fit to wear
the uniform"
Repeats Blasts.
Senator McCarthy-No. said
he was not At to wear the uni
form Of a general, and I think he
was not. think any man VINO
says that it is right to give hon
orable discharges to known Com
munfsts is not fit to wear the
uniform of a general. said 1t
then. I will say it now. will say
it again. I feel that as strongly
as I-feel anything.
Mr.. Williams-Has this state
ment been quoted, or should ]
say misquoted. to read fire.
quently "is not fit to wear the
uniform?"
Senator McCarthy-Yes. it has
been quoted to that effect.
Mr.. Williams-By that state
ment were you impugning his
judgment. or were you impugn-
ing his loyalty?
Senator McCarthy-Not his
loyalty. He might be completely
loyal and feel that Communists
could get honorable discharges.
felt that his judgment was bad
beyond words when we have such
a tremendous military force
spending billions of dollars to
defend this country against COM
munism, and then have a gen.
eral say in effect: 1T is all right
to give Communists honorable
discharges"
Mr.. Williams-Did Gen. zwick-
er thereafter in the interroga-
ton. change his position?
Senator McCarthy-Yes, he
did.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-09
Senator Describes
Events Connected
With wicker Case

Following is a partial tran
script of the testimony OF Sem
dtor Mccarthy at yesterday
afternoons session OF the Wat
kins committee cenSure hear
ing:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-09

Mr.. WilliamS-AS a result OF
the testimony developed in exec
utive session on that occasion,
was a request made for his APP
pearance in open session?
Senator McCarthy-He APP
peared on the 18th day of Febru-
airy. In the meantime. ] wrote
to Secretary Stevens and sug-
Evening star., 1954-03-07
Rodor Con Serve
Visitors Invited
Todd Plantation S
DuffodiI Gurden
GLOUCESTER. Va,

Making its debut this spring
at Little England plantation in
Gloucester County is a hobby
which lowered into an exhibition
daffodil garden. containing 1911
of these spring favoriteS in Gil
varieties.
Mrs. Theodore Pratt. the owner
of Little England. has cross-bred
and named daffodils and has re-
ceived 216 awards from the Royal
Horticultural Society and other
shows for prize winning blooms.
Flagged walks set off the
species. ranging from miniature.
old-fashioned blooms to giant
trumpets in yellows. pinks and
dazzling whites. with a delightful
view of the York River.
This years blooming period
will be from March IS through
April 80. While the house at
Little England will not be open
to the public this spring, viSi-
tors are invited to see the daffo-
dill garden between 10 am.
and S pm. each day during
the blooming period. There is
no admission charge.
Little England, established in
1851 through a grant of the
British crown, is easily reached
by taking U. S. II to Hayes Store,
then Va. Route 216 to Bena on
Va. Route 70.
Evening star., 1954-03-07

Trail and Daniel Shay's highway,
better known as Routes 10, 9 and
202, have their share Of new
overnight accommOda Odations.
Pioneer Valley has an abun-
dance of historical sites.
Old Deerfield, scene Of Indian
massacres in the early 17O0s is
Of particular interest to stu
dents Of the past. Storrowton.
the reconstructed Colonial VII
1age on the Eastern States Ex-
position grounds at West Spring
field, Is a step into the 18th CEN
tury, complete with tavern and
overnight accommodations.
The Small Arms Museum at
Springfield traces the develop
ment Of small arms in the Ma
tion's military history from the
past to the present. The Bishop
Huntington house at Hadley,
untouched for nearly 200 years.,
portrays the life of a Colonial
gentleman farmer.
Evening star., 1954-03-07
The Travellers Notebook
Pocific Vocation Wonders Reviewed

delegates adopted q policy on the
use Of radar and other speed-de-
terminins devices. thousands Of
which are being used through
out the country. We believe that
radar can be Of real assistance In
making the scientific studies re-
auired for speed coming which
viii meet reasonably and realis-
tically the needs of today's traf-
fic.
II believe that the solution to
the Nations traffic jam would
be much closer, and the final
cost to the taxpayers would be
far less. il the, States would put
more emphasis on this construc-
tive approach, II they would
modernize obsolete speed laws
and reappraise the use of pres
ent traffic-control devices In the
light of today's traffic needs"
Evening star., 1954-03-07
Pioneer Valley
Adds Several
New MoteIs
sMITHs FERRY. Mass.

More than q dozen new motels,
ranging in size from 8 to 81
units. will open this year in the
Pioneer Valley Of Massachusetts,.
The new tourist accommoda-
tions can be found on all main
highways in the 2.500-square-
mile vacation area. The main
route from New York to the
north-U. S. Route 5--has ex-
cellent accommodations every
few miles from the Connecticut
to the Vermont State lines. The
famed Mohawk Trail, crossing
the northern end Of Pioneer VAL
ley from east to west, has sew
eral new motels.
College highway. the Berkshire
Evening star., 1954-03-07

commodations, all meals, gala en-
tertainment, including the Cap
tain's dinner, and many social
features. The ship serves as hotel
while in Bermuda. This is an
ideal trip for the vacationer who
seeks a pleasure packed cruise
at very reasonable rates. Don't
miss out on the vacation-cruise
Of q lifetime-call or visit the
new UNITED TRAVEL AGENCY
OFFICE, 807 18th Street NV,
Sterling 3-5420.
Evening star., 1954-03-07

For the first time in history a
cruise ship will embark from
Washington, D. c., on May 28th,
when the S. S. "Silverstar" will
sail on a 6-day cruise to Bermuda.
A second sailing is scheduled for
June 4th. Reservations are open
for both sailings on the COM
pletely air-conditioned S. S.
"Silverstar" for the round-trip
cruise. The round-trip all-ex-
pense fares are from sos up. plus
taxes, and include stateroom ac-
Evening star., 1954-03-07
Inn Changes Plan
VERO BEACH.

The Royal Park Motor Inn
and Restaurant here. the only
Treadway inn south of the
Mason-Dixon Line. Is the latest
to join the ranks Of Florida ho-
tells which have converted their
facilities to the European plan.
The inn Is situated in the heart
Of the Indian River citrus belt.
Evening star., 1954-03-07
S. S. Queen Of Bermuda" Selling
from Norfolk, Va, Moy l8 and q

liner queen of Bermuda" with
private bath with every state
room. Superb service. gala enter
tainment offered. including the
Captains Dinner, deck sports,
pre-release motion pictures, horse
racing shipboard style. While in
Bermuda the ship serves as hotel
and meals are included. Reserva-
tionS now being made for sailingS
from Norfolk May 18 and %. at
United Travel Agency, 807 18th
Street NV. STERLING $500.
Evening star., 1954-03-07
Whistle Recommended
CHARLOTTE AMALIE.

O11A1CAO1 = ANIAI1EI.
When approaching at least
one remote spot in the United
States Virgin Islands. it is con-
Sidered the thing to do to
whistle when approaching the
beach. since few swimmers
bother with suits. A loud clap
ping of the hands will be ac-
cepted as a substitute for those
who can't whistle.
Evening star., 1954-03-07
Behind the Times

Misuse Of traffic- control de-
vices and unreasonable speed
limitations are denying the mo-
toring public full use of the huge
investment in highways and
streets This charge was made
recently by Ralph Thomas. pres
ident of the American Auto
mobile Association.
Critical of some phases Of both
city and open-road conditions.
Mr.. Thomas declared that vast
volumes Of traffic are being
strangled by traff1c lights timed
to the Model T era and highways
are clogged by sluggishly moving
vehicles under the restraints Of
unrealistic speed limits.
He pointed out that, although
the investment in streets and
highways now exceeds $75 bill
lion, the estimated cost of put
ting the traffic plant in shape
to meet today's needs ranges
upward to $50 billion more"
Modernization, he declared, is a
must but is a long-range job.
at best. Meanwhile. motorists
want "every effort to extract
maximum benefit from our
present systems"
Rodor Con Serve
"Our association" he added,
'has called for enactment of pro-
visions for the Uniform Vehicle
Code authorizing the establish
ment of speed zones by a State
department following engineer
ing and traffic Investigations.
"At our last annual meeting.
Evening star., 1954-03-07

These all-expense cruises on the
fabulous Queen Of Bermuda"
one of the most luxurious liners
af1oat, have always captured the
imagination of vacationers. A
pleasant drive to Norfolk, Va,
the traveller finds parking space
available at the pier, and en-
barks on the cruise Of lifetime
f1ve days of pure pleasure cruis-
ing the Gulf Stream. The fare
from $135 up, plus taxes. includes
round-trip passage on the luxury
Evening star., 1954-03-07

ton? Contact Pacific Area
Travel Association, 230 Califor-
mia street, San Francisco IL.
Calif.'
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1954-12-24

During this 12-year period, pro-
grams and services of the Board have
been increased in almost every field.
Besides the Cerebral Palsy and Chest
X-ray programs, other increased ac-
Invites were tuberculosis control, hos
pital construction Halliburton Fed
eral legislation), licensing hospitals
and homes for aged, stream pollu-
ton, state aid to counties, cancer and
heart disease studies and educational
programs, narcotic and alcohol edu-
cation, and the inclusion of rheumatic
fever and congenital heart disease
cases for care under the Crippled
Children's program.
State Board Of Health funds come
from two main sources; state and
federal appropriations.
A sound public health program can
not be developed and maintained
when only 70 to II of it is supported
by state.
The year ending June 80, 1853
saw 61qo of the State Board of
Health's budget based on federal
funds. ($451,OO0 federal funds,
$285,0 state funds.)
The state appropriation of $751;
600 for the 1953-55 biennial was an
of 1870 over the legislatures
$550,O00 for the previous biennial.
But the increase was not enough to
offset the decline in Federal funds.
1t would have been necessary for the
state appropriation to have been in
creased by 1870, to meet the most
budgeted needs previously
met with federal funds.
Even with the $50 increase in
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1954-12-24

Three new, simplified forms de-
signed to save many man-hours of
work and develop a more effective
and efficient reporting form, have
been adopted by the State Board of
Health.
A new syphilis serology report
form now being used by the State
Health Dept. archaeological labora-
tory is saving the work of one full
time clerk. In 1853 the bacteriology
lab ran an estimated 100000 tests
on $4,000 specimens submitted for
syphilis serology.
The new certificate of date and
place of birth form recently adapted
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1954-12-24

division of Environmental Santa
ton.
| For these services fee is charged.
The fee schedule is based on the type
of water system the community has
and the population. For ground water
supply systems the annual rate ranges
from $50 for communities in the 500
to 1000 population class up to $3.50
for communities with a population
under 1900 up to $3.50 year for
cities with populations over 10000.
Testing of water samples from pri-
vate sources is done for charge of
81 per sample tested. Upon receipt
of 81 water sample bottle will be
sent with complete instructions as to
how to take sample, how to mail 1T
to the laboratory in Helena, and how
to check the sanitary aspects of the
well.
The water samples submitted to
the archaeological laboratory are
tested for coliform organisms, an
organism found in the intestinal tract
of -blooded animals. Presence
of this organism in a water sample
indicates the possibility of the pres
ence of other organisms that cause
human illness, such as typhoid and
dysenteries.
Any water samples submitted as
part of local inspection or investi-
cation by local health officers or
members of their staff, are tested in
the psychological laboratory with
out charge.
The heaviest volume of bacteriolog-
ical water testing falls in the sum-
mer months.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1954-12-24

Today's public health dollar will
not buy as much as the dollar of
1941. 1t takes $1.85 to do the public
health work today in Montana that
81 did in 1941.
There is a need for more public
health dollars to do Montana's public
health job because of: % inflated
values; (2) declining federal public
health funds available to the state.
A review of State Board of Health
budgets shows that, in recent years,
% budgeted professional positions
on the staff have been filled. There
are still seven outstanding staff va
cancies. Many of these staff posi-
lions have been vacant for years.
Many have been provided for in
Board of Health budgeting since
1912, and some as far back as 1921.
When the 1858 budget of the State
Board of Health is reduced to 1912
purchasing power, it reflects an in
crease of only $55, 900 over the budg-
ct of II years ago. This increase is
much less than the sum needed for
the Cerebral Palsy Center and the
Chest X-ray Survey Program. Both
of these are postwar activities, fl
nanced with strong assistance from
private and federal funds.
Today's budgeted staff for all
services is only 10 more than for all
services IL years ago. By disregard
ing the two largest postwar activities
(the Chest X-ray Survey Program and
the Cerebral Palsy Service) the State
Board of Health staff, has been re-
duced since 1941.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1954-12-24

state appropriations for the current
biennial, the Board of Health budget
for fiscal 1854, excluding private
donations, was $4,000 less than for
the previous fiscal year and $4,000
less for 1866.
In addition to the reduction in
Federal funds, initiating values have
cut deep in the state health depart
ment budget. 1t would require a
budget today of approximately $685.
$50 to do the work the $343,O00 did
for Montana in the fiscal year of
1941-42.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1954-12-24

aminations year.
With the laboratory staff of five
psychologists and technician this
means that each worker is perform
ing in excess of 21, 900 examinations
each year.
Estimates on the number of exami-
nations which each laboratory worker
can perform in year vary from
5000 to 7,O00," according to David
F. Burgeon, Laboratory Consultant
in the Division of Medical and Hos
pital Resources of the Public Health
Service, in an article in a recent
issue of MODERN HOSPITAL.
This clearly indicates that the bac-
teriology laboratory is understaff.
In view of the volume of work re-
auired of the lab and this recon-
mended number of examinations that
should be required of lab workers,
the State Board of Health bacteria
logical laboratory should have larg-
er staff.
In the 1952-54 biennium, the bac-
THEOLOGICAL laboratory completed
247,832 examinations on 124,925
specimens of various types.
METEOROLOGICAL WATER
TESTING
The State Board of Health has
been providing meteorological water
testing service in Montana since 1918.
In the last seven years, since l947,
the number of archaeological water
analyses have jumped from 5,OO5
to 1903.
Sanitary services by the state
health department to public (munici-
paD water supplies includes: Field
testing; chemical testing; field in
spections; emergency work and serv-
ices; use of alternating equipment
when needed; archaeological water
testing and other services available
through the State Board of Health's