davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25
Raises for Public
Sc RYAN IS

special commission of industry labor and farm leaders has
recommended pay for congressman Supreme Court justices
and other federal Judges For the Justices the figure proposed
$145o0 year; for the others, 81 $500.
We think raises are justified because Of higher living and
greater demands these public servants Whether the COMMITS
ons figures proper public debate through hearings and
popular reaction should determine.
1t up Congress make the adjustments, any made
and most discussion will center whether Congress should
increase its pay
Members of the House and Senate receive salary Of
year plus axexempt expense of $4,000 The
commissions Recommendation is for $4,000 year.
On paper the $4,000 paid may great deal But
be remembered that congressman maintain home in
Washington we'll their constituencies they must - or
naturally do make several trips between their homes and the
national capital each year whe being eompensed for only one
and they called upon for expenditures which private citizens
DO have meeting those they special calls for charity
and in seeking election.
Most congressman interviewed by the Associated Press
quick salary would be high for the work
they do and the expenses they face Their original reaction to the
proposal however, also POLITICAL Will the voters 60 for it in
election year?
The election year part of shouldn't be consideration all
if enuousy object anything they aren't going forget
it because done year before election date.
There has been flip criticism of the pay raise proposal and
sne remarks the effect that Congress should hand itself bushels
of farm upuses rather than con there to be an increase
But salary figures should be and just those who and
should be such that the best candidates will be encouraged to
The congressional salary figure isn't fair and just now
1rom The Ce,ear1 Plain DsAlev)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25

Housing Problems of Minority
Group Fomilies

StUUW UOHNttSS
1t must be frankly and hon
estly acknowledged that many
members of minority groups.
regardless Of their income or
their economic status, have
had the least opportunity Of
all of our citizens to acquire
good homes. Some progress, al
though far too little. has been
made by the Housing Agency
in encouraging the production
and financing Of adequate
housing available to members
Of minority groups. However,
the administrative policies gov
erning the operations of the
several housing agencies must
be, and they will be. materially
strengthened and augmented
in order to assure equal oppor-
tunity for all Of our citizens to
acquire, within their means,
good and well-located homes.
We shall take steps to insure
that families of minority
groups displaced by urban re-
development operations have a
fair opportunity to acquire ad-
equate housing: we shall pre-
vent the dislocation of such
families through the misues of
slum clearance programs; and
we shall encourage adequate
mortgage financing for the
construction of new housing
for such families on good. we'll
located sites.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25
Conservation and improvement
of EXISTING Housing


Because Of the housing short
ages that developed during the
depression and war years. re-
cent Federal housing activities
have been directed mainly to
increasing the production OF
new homes But while the high
demand for new, homes win
continue, and while private
activity will be encouraged to
meet that demand. we must
also undertake the long-de-
layed job of maintaining ex-
listing homes In good condition.
Millions of our people live in
older homes in which they
have invested their savings;
our people and our economy.
will greatly benefit if these
homes can be kept in good re-
pair and are brought up to
modern standards of comfort
and convenience.
1t is not enough. therefore.
to rehabilitate homes in obso-
lete neighborhoods. To en-
courage the maintenance and
Improvement of homes wher-
ever located, I recommend the
following additional amend
nnents to the National HOuS.
ing Act:
/. The maximum permissible
terms authorized for the in
surance of loans on existing
homes should be made COM
parable to those available for
new housing. This amendment
will end the present discrim-
inatory policy which favors
the purchasing Of new as
against existing homes. It
should have the important adj
ditional advantage of facili-
tating the trading in Of older
homes on new home pur-
chaSes.
2. The maximum loan which
can be insured under Title I
of the National Housing Act
to repair and modernize sin
gle-family homes should be
increased from $4,000 to $4,000
and the maximum term should
be extended from three years
to five years Comparable re-
visions should be made in loan
limitations and terms author
ized for the rehabilitation Of
multiple dwellings. Since the
terms of such loans have not
changed for Is years. these
adjustments are obviously
needed to help our citizens re-
pair and improve their homes.
Housing for Low-Ineome
FomiIies
The continued lack of ade-
quate housing, both new and
used, for low-income families
is evidence of past failures in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25

+
VIII
Reorganization Of Federal
Housing Activities
The present organization Of
Federal housing activities is
unsatisfactory. The Housing
and Home Finance Agency is
a loosely knit federation OF
separate organizations. Its
present structure is curnber-
some, inefficient and lacks
clearcut recognition of adj
miniStrative authority. The
result is confusing to the pub
lie. Neither the Congress nor
the Executive Branch can ex-
pect it to achieve good and
efficient management under its
present structure. ! shall,
therefore, submit to the Con-
greSs a reorganization plan to
provide a better grouping Of
housing activities headed by
an administrator with ade-
Quate supervisory authority.
I believe that this message
offers the means whereby our
Nation may provide more and
better homes for our families.
BY applying these recommen-
dations we shall add to the
comfort and the health of our
people; we shall strengthen
the economic and social fibers
Of our Nation; and we shall
reinforce the freedom and
self reliance which have
brought greatness to our land.
I urge, therefore, that the
Congress give to these recon-
mendations its early and IA
VOrable consideration
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25

must eliminate the causes Of
slums and blight. This is es-
sentially q problem for our
cities. However. Federal as
Stance is justified for COM
munities which face up to the
problem of neighborhood de-
cay and undertake long-range
programs directed to its pre-
ventjon. The main elements
of such programs should in
clude:
Prevention Of the spread
Of blight into good areas Of
the community through strict
enforcement of housing and
neighborhood standards and
strict occupancy controls:
Rehabilitation of saliva
BILE areas, turning them into
sound, healthy neighborhoods
by replanning removing con-
gestion, providing parks and
playgrounds,re organizing
streets and traffic, and by IA
cilitating physical rehabilita-
ton of deteriorated structures;
3.--Clearance and redevel-
opment of nonsalvable slums.
Existing housing programs
permit an effective attack on
only the third Of these essen
tial tasks. A new approach
will help our communities to
deal effectively with the other
two. l, therefore, make the
following recommendations:
/. Title / Of the Housing Act
of 1949 should be broadened.
It should make available q pro-
gram of loans and grants for
the renovation of Salvable
areas and for the outright
elimination of non-salvable
slums. Under this program,
there would be Immediately
available from existing au-
thorizations approximately
$70O million of loan funds and
$3.50 million in capital grant
funds. AS our communities
are enabled by this broadened
authorizations to increase the
scope and pace Of their efforts,
I shall request such additional
loan and grant authorizations
as can be effectively used.
2. The Federal Housing Adj
ministration should be au-
thorized to insure private
credit to rehabilitate homes in
declining neighborhoods. This
new program should be limited
to specific areas where the
local community has given ade-
quate assurances that it will
carry out workable plan OF
neighborhood renewal.
8. A program Of matching
grants to States and metro
politan areas should be eStab-
lished to enable smaller COM
munities and metropolitan
area planning agencies to do
the planning job which is nee
essary to arrest the spread Of
Stun conditions. ! recommend
that the Congress authorize
the appropriation of SIS million
for this purpose.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25
Church Program on TV

The Washington Federation of
Churches will sponsor a discus
sion program, entitled "Ambas-
sailors of Faith" at $3.50 o'clock
tonight on Television Station
WTTG. Participating will be the
Rev. John D. Hayes, former mis-
sionary to China, and Repre-
sentative Hays, Democrat, of
Arkansas.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25

Neiehborhood Rehabilitation
and Elimination and Prevention
Of Sums
In order to clear our slums
and blighted areas and to
improve our communities, we
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25

improving the housing condi-
tions Of all Of our people. Ap-
proval Of my preceding recoin-
mendatiolls will increase the
opportunities Of many families
with low incomes to buy good
older homes. But q more d.
rect and more positive app
proach to this serious problem
must be taken by the Govern
merlt. ] recommend. there
fore, q new and experimental
program under which the Fed
eral Housing Administration
would be authorized to insure
long-term loans Of modest
amounts, with low initial pay
ments. on both new and exist
ing dwellings, for low-income
families. The application Of
this new authority should be
limited to those families who
must seek other homes as d
result Of slurn rehabilitation,
conservation. and similar ac-s
tivities In the public interest.
] recognize. as did the ADJ
viSory. Committee, that this
program represents q chai-
lenge to private builders and
lenders: In order to assist
them in meeting this chal-
lenge. a greater proportion Of
the risk should be underwritten
by the Federal Housing ADJ
ministration than it regularly
inSures. The success develop
ment of this pogram will afford
a much greater proportion Of
our lower income families an
opportunity to own or rent a
suitable home.
Until these new programs
have been fully tested and by
actual performance have
shown their success. we should
continue at a reasonable level
the public housing program
authorized by the Housing Act
Of 1949. ! recommend. there
fore. that the Congress author
ize construction during the
next four years Of 100000
units of new public housing.
to be built in annual incre-
ments Of $4,000 units. Spe-
cial preference among eligible
families should be given to
those who must be relocated
because of slum clearance,
neighborhood rehabilitation, or
similar public actions. The
continuance of this program
will be reviewed before the end
of the four-year period, when
adequate evidence exists to
determine the success of the
other measures I have recon-
mended. In addition to this
requested extension Of the
public housing program, the
housing administrator will
recommend amendments to
correct various defects which
experience has revealed in the
present public housing pro-
gram.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25

Adjustment of Permissible
Terms Of Government Insured
or Guoronteed Mortgages
Because inf1ationary or de-
f1ationary pressures can be
accentuated or diminished by
mortgage credit terms, Gov
eminent operations in connec-
ton with the insurance. or
guarantee of mortgage loans
should be judiciouSly adjusted
to prevailing economic condi-
tions. The Congress has already
given the President limited
authority to adjust from time
to time, in the light Of eco
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25

terest indicate the need for
such action.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25
Modernizotion Of Notionol
HOUSING Act

There are certain deficiencies
and numerous obsolete and
unnecessary provisions in the
National Housing Act. The
H ousing Administrator will
present to the appropriate
committees Of the Congress q
number Of proposals to mod
ernie this basic law. These
recommendations will include
a scale of mortgage ceilings
more realistically related to
the increased cost of both
single-family and multi-family
structures and complementary
revisions in mortgage ceilings
for cooperative projects.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-25
The Public Gets What
HPays For in Government
s N
BY HAROLD |. IckEs

The international Latex Corporation persH1ded
tbe late Honorable Harold l. Iekes to evite THE to
Ioting editorial in 1915 1t then inserted in some
of tbe Naions leading nesOspabers as fbs editorial
advertisement of the company.
In May 1858, ye-rsn this piece in leading papers.
= II still makes good sense, today!-LLC.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
HyatfsviIIe TO Open
SO-Acre Play Area

A new S0-acre recreation area
in Hyattsville will be dedicated
at $3.50 pm. today in memory of
a little boy who was killed by a
truck.
Howard Dreyer. of 7408 Twen-
ty-f1fth avenue. Hyattsville.
president of the Lane Manor
Citizens Association, and officials
of the Maryland National Park
and Planning Commission. which
cleared the land and provided
two baseball fields and play
ground equipment, are to speak
briefly at the ceremony.
Mr.. Dreyer's two-year-old son.
jeffrey was killed by a truck in
September, 1852, near the spot
where the wooded parkland now
stretches for half a mile from
the Lane Manor subdivision UP
to the University Hills Apart
mentS.
Money to improve the park
land came from $260,0O0 re-
ceived by the planning commits
sion from the sale of the Queens
Chapel triangle. the commission
said. Lane Manor residents
raised $500 to buy athletic equip
ment. A supervised recreation
program will begin there Tues
day.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
7 Seized in RiVerdaIe
On Gambling Charges

Eight Prince George County
police detectives raided a private
home in Riverdale yesterday and
arrested two men on gambling
charges.
1t. Charles Thomson, chief of
detectives, who led the raid, said
they found two telephones. num-
berS slips and adding machines
on the second floor of the $500
block Of Taylor road. indicating
that the place was being used
for a numbers and horse betting
operation.
Arrested were Jacob Ehrlick.
AZ. of the 400 block Of Park
road NV, and Thomas Martin
Boucher, So, Of the 5000 block
Of Barton road, Radiant Valley.
They were released on $1,000
bond each on charges of book
making. operating lottery and
possessing lottery slips. Their
hearing was set for July IL in
Hyattsville Police Court.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
North Dakota 6. 0.P. Spill
May Nominate Democrat
b. me A..oeio,ed Pres,

BISMARCK, N. OAK. June IS.
"A long-standing split in the
North Dakota Republican Party
has set up a situation which
could lead to selection of a DEM
ocrat as the Republican nominee
for Governor IN Tuesdays State
primary election.
And Republican nomination
usually amounts to election in
North Dakota.
The Non-Partisan League. one
Republican faction, has Endorsed
Wallace Warner, an avowed
Democrat. as its candidate for
Governor.
Warner is pitted against Gov
Norman Brunsdale. seeking his
third term with the backing OF
the Republican Organizing Com
mittee.
Leaders Of the two factions
Senator william LANCER, Non
Partisan League, and Senator
Milton Young. ROC. have cam
paigned in behalf Of their re-
spective states.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
Woman Skaters Window
Fleeing Baltimore Bandit

BALTIMORE, June ga
young woman clerk who plunged
through q realty Office window
when q bandit tried to hold up
the place today was reported in
fair condition with cuts over
mosto I her body.
Miss Bessie Settler. %, was
taken to Union Memorial Hos
pital by q passing motorist.
She told police she was alone
in the Office when colored man
came in, brandished q pistol and
ordered her into the back room.
The woman moved in the OPP
poSite direction. and jumped
through a 2 by 3 foot section Of
window to the sidewalk 10 feet
below. The gunman fed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
Moose Lodges 10 Sponsor
BOYS Baseball Schools
BY the Associated Press

BALTIMORE, June 26.-Del-
egates representing the SO Moose
lodges in Maryland, Delaware
and the District of Columbia
voted today to sponsor baseball
schools for youngsters in their
communities.
Adoption of the program was
one of the actions taken at the
closing business session of the
Maryland Moose Associations
three-day annual convention.
Paul P. Schmitz Of Moosehart.
Ill.,, director general of the or
der's Supreme Lodge, explained
that local units all over the
country are setting up the
schools for boys over Z.
william Carscaden, Cumber-
land attorney, was elected the
associations new president. sue
ceeding M. c. Brown Of Sails
bury.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
Conferees Vote to Strengthen
Yorktown Victory Monument

Of the 70-year-old shaft, fire.
quent victim of lightning bolts.
Mr.. Hansen preferred an en-
tirely new shaft rather than a
repaired shaft. He also MAIN
tanned it would be more econom-
ical in the long run to build an
entirely new structure.
But his proposal struck a
snag. Residents Of Yorktown OBJ
jected and Congress declined to
Appropriate the money.
In approving the new $4,000
fund, Representative Jensen said
Congress cleared the way for a
safe structure.
Mr.. Hansen's statue is Is feet
high. It is being Sculptured at a
cost of $4,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
CeremonytoN Note BicentennioI
IOf Fort Necessity Surrender

was killed. The incident is often
referred to as the first shot Of
the Seven Years War. the war
that lost France her colonies
in India and America and made
the British Empire possible.
The surviving Frenchmen were
made prisoners and sent to VIII
liamsburg, via Wills Cree k
Cumberland, Md..) and VIM
chester. It was a few days after
that word came to 1t. Col.
Washington that his command
ing officer. Col. Joshua Fry. had
fallen from his horse at Wills
Creek and had been fatally in
jured. That is how at %. WASH
ington became senior military
officer Of Virginia and comman-
der of q force Of about 400 men
with him and about an equal
number st the frontier forts at
his rear.
He did not have long to take
satisfaction in his victory or his
command. A brother Of Jumon-
vile, Coulon de Villers, set out
to avenge the death Of his
brother with a force Of 800 men.
Washington realized his danger
from the reports of scouts and
ordered his scattered forces to
rendezvous at the little outpost
in the Great Meadows between
Chestnut Ridge and Laurel Hill
Fort Necessity. It is just south
of Route 40 before it goes up and
over the hill to Uniontown, Pa.
Douglas Southall Freeman's
biography Of Washington. writ
ten from the gleanings OF old
and new research. gives an ex-
cellent account of the battle that
followed. Rain had made shall
low moats Of the trenches. The
field of fire around the fort had
not been properly cleared.
The Virginians were awaiting
Washington's order to fire a vol
ley that would disperse the ad-
vancing French troops, when at
so yards the attackers dropped
to the ground. "They then,
wrote Washington, from every
little rising. tree, stump. stone
and bush kept up a constant
CALLING fire upon U.S."
Late in the afternoon. accord
ing to Washington's report,
there fell "the most tremendous
rain that could be conceived"
Despite all precautions powder
became wet. During the firing
the French had made point Of
killing of all the cattle and
horses on which the defenders
depended for food and transport
Washington had refused to lei
a French truce emmissary in hi:
little fort. He would have seer
how bad of they were. He finally
sent two of his French speaking
officers out to parley.
The surrender terms brought
back in French script were hon.
orable, as they were translated
to Washington. The defending
commander could retire with hi
entire garrison to his own coun'
try. The defenders would receive
the honors of war and coult
march out Of the entrenchment
with drum beating and one small
cannon. This happened at day
break on July 4, something tina
President Washington must hav
always remembered in the cele
bration Of the national holida,
years later.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
Tuck WhoIeheortedly
Lndorses StonIeY.s Plon

Representative Tuck, Demo-
crat, of Virginia. said yesterday
he intellectually" indorseS
Gov. Stanley's plan to retain
segregation in Virginia's public
schools.
Representative Tuck. q former
Governor who replaced Mr..
Stanley in Congress just last
year, was commenting on the
Governors proposal to amend
the State constitution.
Senator Robertson, Democrat.
of Virginia. the only other MEM
Der Of the Virginia delegation
in Congress who could be
reached, said he never COM
| mented on State matters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-27
By George Kennedy

~ 9GOtSS NSuuS0y
The 2O0th anniversary of the
surrender Of Fort Necessity. an
incident that gets slight notice
in schoolbook histories. will be
observed Sunday in q Pennsyl-
vania meadow a little north Of
the sources Of the Potomac.
The little fort was surrendered
by young George Washington.
the acting colonel of an expedi-
tionary force that was sent out to
drive the French from their out
post on the site of present day
Pittsburgh.
Interior Secretary Mckay. Gen
George c. Marshall and Senator
Beall, Republican of Maryland,
will be among the speakers at
ceremonies next Saturday and
Sunday, which is independence
Day.
The site Of the fort was To-
Gated and a structure Of vertical
timber Stockade and log-cabin
magazine within was made from
available descriptions for the BIZ
centennial of George Washing
tons birth in 1892. Two years
ago, a contemporary description
Of what the fort. laid out by
Washington, looked like was
found in South Carolina. It was
made by a soldier of that colony
who had been under Washing
toms command in the defense OF
the fort.
It indicated that the stock
ade incloSed much less area than
the reconstructed fort; that ii
was circular whereas the 1882
one was rectangular. A Park
Service archaeologiSt directed
digging within the rectangular
Stockade and sure enough the
remains of the timberS of q
circular one were uncovered.
Thereupon, the rectangular
Stockade. and powder magazine
within it were torn down and
new and smaller ones erected
on the relics of the originals
This work has just been COM
pleted.
George Washington was only
20 years and months old when
he had the military response
bility for the frontier and the
defeat.
Washington had got his as
Signment by his feat of the year
before. At 81 he had volunteered
to carry the message Of Gov
Dinwiddie Of Virginia to the
commander of the French forces
telling him to clear out of the
territory south of Lake Erie. The
trip, made with a single guide
took him to a point IL mile:
south of Presque Isle. the French
,, fort on Lake Erie on the site o.
present day Erie, Pa. The star
was made late in the year anc
; the return was in midwinter
Washington and his guide were
dumped in the Allegheny il
January and had to swim for az
island. But he made it, all thl
way back to Williamsburg.
The defeat must have beer
: the more bitter because it camt
; just after his first taste of vic
tory. On May % with q scouting
party of about 80 men plus In
! dams, he had surprised ant
. fallen upon a party Of about 81
French. The leader. JOSEPH
Coulon, the Sieur de Jumonville