davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-07-01
Shower Keeps Heat Off,
Gain on Feeder Pigs
By BILL STELLMON, Rovimg Reporter

FEEDER PIGS DON'T put on much
gain when the mercury climbs near
the top of the thermometer. Generally,
they hunt the shade OR the wallow and
stay there, hungry or not. Last summer,
though, Alex Defines, Yellowstone Coun-
ty farmer, marketed top weight pigs
two weeks earlier than usually giving
his feeders hot-weather Showers"
And shower is exactly what they got.
Deines poured an 18x32-foot concrete
slab near their feed area and, leaving
three sides open, rooted it over to pro-
vide shade. Along the length of the
ceiling, about six feet above the slab,
he fixed 24-inch pipe connected to
the water pressure system, and spaced
along it three ordinary garden hose
noZZleS.
Hot days, he turns the shower on for
6 or z hours and the nozzles, set fine,
spray most of the slab. That keeps the
whole area cool, Defines says, and keeps
his pigs happy. Instead of staying un-
der cover most of the day, they come
under the shower for an hour or two
at time, then head back to pasture
or the self-feeder to eat. Their gain is
Steady-and more profitable.
Pigs are one of the main enterprises
on Deines' 52O-acre, partially irrigated
farm. He raises and feeds out about
20 litters a year under the two-litter
system narrowing in February or March
and again in August or September.
His narrowing house, concrete
floored, compact unit with 6x13-foot
individual pens, is typical of the facil-
tiles he has geared for making his pig
enterprise profitable one. 1t is large
enough for narrowing purposes; small
enough to be a labor-saver. 1t is easy
to bed and to clean and, with the floor
sloped toward the doorways, it is easy
to keep clean. All partitions can be
easily removed or changed around
whenever necessary.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-07-01
For L0tVer Costs
Use More Alfalfa
In Swine RatiOns
BY J. o. TRETSVEN

and good growers experiences, are due
to the difference in the quality of the
alfalfa hay and pasture used. In the
past, we have not fully appreciated the
wide variation in the feeding value of
alfalfa hay.
Most alfalfa is cut too late to make
good hog feed AS the alfalfa plant ma
lures it contains less leaves and many
of the leaves fall off in curing. Further
more, the stems become lignified, max
ing them less digestible. Most of the
feeding value of alfalfa is in the leaves
and finer stems.
Choice, leafy, pea-green, early cut
alfalfa is not only high in calcium but,
when grown on fertile soil, will also
contain fair amounts of phosphorus as
well as many of the other essential
minerals. Choice alfalfa also contains
a high percentage of protein of fairly
good quality and much less crude fiber
than ordinary alfalfa hay-a point Of
great Importance.
Rich in Car0tene
Furthermore, choice alfalfa hay is
rich in carotene, the mother substance
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-07-01

of vitamin A; has fair amount of
vitamins D and E and will contain am
pie amounts of most of the essential B
complex vitamins and perhaps other
essential vitamins not yet recognized.
Coarse, stemmy, bleached alfalfa that
has lost most of its leaves is of little
value as feed for brood sows and less
so in the ration for young, growing pigs.
Due to the limited size of the pigs
stomach and digestive tract it cam
not consume enough coarse, low-grade
roughage to survive-say nothing about
making body gains. Thus, it is essential
that the forage used for hogs be of
the finest quality Even so, young pigs
cannot consume enough to make eco
nomical gains without some grain or
other concentrates.
Alfalfa for Growing Fattening Pigs
For years, corn and tankage was
common ration for pigs in the mid
west. Young pigs continuously fed such
a ration in dry lot often became un-
thrifty and made slow gains. In study
ing this problem, research workers at
the Wisconsin Station found that the
addition of five per cent high-quality
alfalfa hay would promote faster gains
and protect the pigs against vitamin A
deficiencies.
This lead to the development of the
''trio" mixture or supplement which is
a mixture containing so per cent tank
age or meat scrap, Is per cent ground
or chopped alfalfa and Is per cent lin
seed oil meal. Morrison's book entitled,
Feeds and Feeding" states-'In a to-
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-07-01

Once Defines pens his brood Sows in
the narrowing house, he keeps nearly
constant watch over them and their
itterS. He doesn't use guard rails in
the pen. Instead, he boards off one
corner of the pen and inside this sets
a homemade heat unit With the far
rowing house kept cool-at about so
degrees-the little pigs head for this
supplemental heat and stay there He's
found it an effective system for keep
ing losses down.
For the first few days these heat
units are 55-gallon drums cut in half
with 10O-watt bulbs inside. AS soon as
possible, Defines switches from the
larger bulbs to 50-watt size. And, at
about 10 days or when the pigs can get
around well, he removes the half-bar-
rels and substitutes a large wooden
box-unit which has metal, rejecting
top. These are kept operating until the
pigs are Weaned.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-07-01

PROFITS IN SWINE production de-
pend upon the spread between what is
received for hogs and the cost of pro-
duction. The producers, individually,
cannot change the price received other
than by marketing top quality animals.
The cost of production, however, can be
reduced on many farms.
The general practice in the past has
been to feed hogs largely upon grains,
or other high priced concentrates, with
a limited amount of roughage. In many
cases, when the cost of feed is SUBJ
tracted from the returns, there is rel
atively little left for miscellaneous ex-
penses and profits.
Experiment station records and the
practices adopted by good swine grow
ers now show that a much higher per-
centage of alfalfa, or other good legume
forage, can be used to better ad-
vantage than has been considered prac-
teal in the past.
Better Quality Alfalfa
Perhaps the difference in the general
feeding practice in the past, as COM
pared to the recent research findings
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-07-01

At the same time, ne puts two litters
of pigs together in a double pen, keep
ing both sows in one 6x13 pen but al
lowing the pigs freedom of l2x13 area
The sows, then, can 60 out to feed and
exercise, Defines says.
By mid-April, the spring -farrowed
pigs are on irrigated alfalfa pasture
and there they stay until fattened.
Defines has found pastured pigs to be
little trouble as long as they have
plenty of room to Craze. He doesn't
ring them, but has never been bothered
with roofing. Last year, he kept more
than 20 pigs on 22-acre alfalfa field
without damage, and cut Az tons of
hay per acre from the field besides.
Alfalfa, as pasture and as hay, is
an almost constant part of Defines
feeding and fattening rations. Aside
from it, he buys all the feed his pigs
require. II figure it is actually cheaper
for me-" he explains MY principal
crops are hay and alfalfa seed. And
with an acre of seed, I've been able to
buy two acres of grain-without need
ing all the equipment investment.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-07-01

I1C lG0uS SOWS oil Tic dlldlId IlSy Can
eat, plus tankage and grain, through
out the year. In the farrowing house,
the grain ration is about two pounds
of rolled barley. Water, too, is always
available in any of several automatic
pig waterers, placed around the pig
lots.
Defines keeps grain mixture in front
of his young pigs from the time they
will start eating. They are creep-fed
in the narrowing house and, on pasture,
they eat from 200-bushel self-feeders,
which take care of some 80 pigs with
out needing constant refilling.
The pigs are started on 5-to-1 mix
ture of steam-rolled barley and wheat,
Defines says, but when they get up to
about $50 pounds, this is changed to a
ground ration of rs per cent barley and
Is per cent wheat. Tankage, too, is
available at all times Defines figures
his average gain on pasture from wean-
ing to market is a pound for each
to 31a pounds of grain. For fall-farrowed
pigs, he says, it's a pound for about
a pounds of grain
tai of 81 such experiments, pigs fed
the trio mixture gained 1.28 pounds
per head daily for an average weight
of So pounds until they reached mar
ket weights, while those fed corn and
tankage gained 1.1O pounds per day
On the trio mixture an average of
351 pounds corn and 63 pounds trio mix
ture was required per 100 pounds gain
while on tankage as the only supple
ment there we're required 334 pounds of
corn and A pounds tankage In these
experiments each 100 pounds of the
trio mixture saved 20 pounds tankage
and So pounds corn, without placing
any value on the increase in rate of
gain"
80 Per Cent ROughage
A recent report from the Nevada FIX
pertinent Station shows that good gains
can be made when 80 per cent ground
alfalfa is used in the ration for grow
ing-fattening hogs Following are the
results of one of their feeding trials:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18

result: one pitch for getaway,
another pitch for gas saving fuel
efficiency.
And chat you get in the way of
instantaneous safety surge sOith
absolute SmOOthneSS, you can only
believe aOhen you feel it.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18

ALBRIGHT NEW FRESHNESS greetS
N your eyes and tells you:
Bucks done it again.
You see it in the bold distinction
of that cleaning Wide Screen
Grille. You see it in the rakiSh
sweep of the rear end contours.
You see it in the whole fore and
aft newness of fleet lined grace
that marks Buick the beauty thrill
of 1855.
New horsepower up TO 236
You learn more when you get the
power story. Up to new peaks 90
the hOrsepowers of every Buick
w engine-a walloping 1873 hp in
the lOw-price SPECIAL-a mighty
236 hp in the CENTURY, SUPER
and ROADMASTER.
And it's new, more responsive, far
ADLER power you can literally feel
as you 60.
But even bigger Buick news for
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18

Subscribe for The Republican
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18
Have lnter-CIub Meeting

Around 1870 persons attended an
intcr-club meeting Of the Garrett
county Rotary clubs at Northern
High school on Tuesday night. The
Grantsville club was in charge Of
the program with Benny Epstein,
Grantsville club president, as toast
master.
1t was also ladies' night for the
Grantsville, Friendsville and Oak
land clubs.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18

us. informed U.N. it had set
aside 220 pounds of fashionable ma
terials to activate atomic reaetors
for peaceful purposes throughout
the world.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18
Firemen Answer Alarm

Oakland firemen were called
Monday morning at Z o'clock as
the result of fire in the kitchen
Of the home Of Cecil Paugh, on
Fourth street. The blaze was eX-
tinguished without damage.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18
SWANTON

Members of the Girl Scout troop
II with leaders visited the farm
of Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Bowers Mon
day night to observe the way milk
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18

1855 is something more than style
and power. It's lOhat the variable
pitch propeller" noS0 has done for
DynafoaO Drive.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18
Up goes performance -
and gas mileage too

When you find it necessary to push
the pedal to the floor board, you
do more than call on the greatest
high compression VS. power in
Buick history.
You do what pilot does when he
heads his plane down a runway.
You do in oil what he does in air
you cut dozen fake-0F time BY using
"Variabie pitch brObelierS. ="
In this case, the propeller blades
are inside the. Dynaflow unit. But
they're engineered to swivel or
change their pitch" just like plane
propellers-and with the same
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18

A new gas we'll in Hampshire
county, w. Va, is said to have ca
pacity Of over million Gu. fit. daily.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18
s. Marriage Permits
Granted Past Week

office OF Richard l.. DAVIS, clerk
of the Circuit court, bringing the
+o+ol for Nrovo,,,ho,. t,,.. far 10 80
."'"' ,'' WV '.''''' '''''7 ''' W. -
Two licenses ISSUED were mafNe'
"don't publish"
Clifford Andrew Leach. %
trucker. Akron. o.. and Gwendolyn
Oren Lester Iloyd. Jr., 20, (par-
ents' conscnt) laborer. and Thclma
lean Pick II. (parent's consentO
both near Buckhannon. W. Va.
Richard Edward Workman. %.
trucker. and Vonda Sue Richards,
1G. (parcnt's consenD both Graf
ton. H. Va.
Fred II. James. 4G, brakeman,
and Cav Nell Whelchel. 80. both of
Pa1.ersburo.. w Va
Norman Edward Riggleman. %,
salesman. Kinewood. ". Va. and
Shirley Loss, II. Tunnelton, W. Va.
James Arthur Potts. p. L. S.
air force force Booth S ". Va. and Janet
Ruth Moore, 20, Morgantown, W.
VA
Wade Bernard Lowdermilk. Is,
(parent's consenD laborer, near
Nasontown. w. Va. and Elizabeth
Ann Manko. 10. Kingwood. w. Va.
Donald Ernest Richards, Is.
(narent's consent) laborer, Owings,
NJ Ia and TwiIla Ann Collins, IL.
Cnarant's consentD Worthington.
W Va
Edward Coppola. 81, laborer,
PittSb,r~b Pa and Priscilla Ann
lTetheny. II. narent's consent)
near Terra Alta. W. Va.
Robert Andrew James Petite,
% assist serv. mgr. Morgantown.
" Va. and Carol Joan Gorbv, 20.
Iittleton. W. Va.
William Arthur Shrout, "a, US.
r. Hack l0 IS, both i'1 Ki6gwood' W. Va.
Elton Francis Slusser. 10. (par-
ont's ronsnntl serv sta att. Fair
mont W Va. and Florice Jeane
Swis6e, 10 Catawba. W Va.
lanes Okev Goodin. 81. miner.
and Hester Hettie johnson. %.
both Cascade. w. Va.
Richard lee Biller. u. mechanic.
ani Alice Fave RIGHT. is. both Of
near BeIington. ". Va
Alfred Pitts Soccorsi %. paint
er. and Belnice Marie Savage. pa,
both M Wasontown. ", Va.
Josenh Anthony Nantia. As. real
estate salesman. and Maria Vim
cenza Lolita. al. both Pittsburgh.
pa ''N' i'''''''
lanes CIV. ~. salesman. and
Leila Mae Donaldson, %. both of
Weston. W. Va
Ruford Hugh WAGNER, "a. la
borer and Kathryn Irene Bibev.
"a both BeIington. w. Va.
Ernest Harrison Heavier. 35.
farmer, and Tressie Virginia Sher-
man, 20. both Mouth of Seneca,
" Va
Clair Arlington Murphy, %,
near West BroWnsVllle, Pa, and
Mary Alice Redmond, Is, near Fay
cite City, Pa.
Don Claire Watkins, p, I. 5:
air force, near Confluence, Pa, and
Helen Yvonne Thompson, Is, Daw-
son, Pa.
Harry Eugene Radcliffe, 81,
farmer, CoX's Mills, w. va, and
Dorothy Lee kmsely, Is, Troy, W.
Va.
hubert Wesley Stump, "A, la
borer, and Shirley Lee Ait, Is, both
Petersburg, w. Va.
Melvin Ray Howell, - and Bar
bara Luella Wilhelm, n, lparent, 5
CONSENT both near Albright W.
Va.
James William Edgar, -, stone
mason, McHenry, Md, and Mary
Geneva Elliott. II, (parent's con-
senD Hutton, Md.
William Richard Dove, y, farm
er, near Bayard, W. Va, IN Garrett
County, and Nancy Kate Lane, ~
near Gormania, W. Va, IN Garrett
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18
To Give Song Service

The Negro Singers from the
Kingwood Methodist church will
give a sacred song service at the
Deer Park Methodist church on
Sundas, November %. at 1880 o.
clock, it has been announced. The
public is invited.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-11-18
This you have to try

Of course, we want you to come
and see the trend setting new
BuickS-look into the betterments
in gasoline mileage that add new
thrift to these spectacular cars.
But this year, seeing" is only the
beginning. So while you join the
crowds viewing the new Bucks
this week end, make a date to get
behind the wheel as soon as you
possibly can. We promise you the
thrill of the year.
*Standard on Roa1lmatte,, optional at extra
cost on other Series.
, 1954-05-06

dressed poultry are rushed to the
quick-freezing machine. Here,
below zero temperatures are re-
leased and the original freshness
and nutritive value Of the food
are retained.
No wonder homemakers are
enthusiastic about this time and
Work-saving phenomena. Try the
quick-and-easy dinner Of fried
chicken, whipped potatoes, green
peas and strawberry shortcake-
all featuring quickSfrozen foods
and see for yourself what it
means.
Fried Chicken, Southern Style
Thaw quick frying
chicken or chicken parts just
enough to separate pieces. Dry
between towels and roll in sea-
soned flour. Fry in sizzling hot
fat, ia to 1/2 inch deep, in
heavy skillet until golden brown.
Reduce heat to medium, cover,
and cook slowly until almost
tender-about % to 40 minutes;
then remove cover and cook until
tender-about 5lminutes longer.
Turn frequently. Serve on hot
platter with or without pan
gravy made with milk Makes4
servings.
, 1954-05-06

Who would have thought twen-
ty-five years ago that the aver
age American family would be
enjoying such rareties as straw
berries in January or corn-on-
the-cob in March, or that the
choicest ocean-fresh fish would
be served a thousand miles in
land? And what homemaker
herself in 1929 thought that one
day in 1864 she could put a COM
plete dinner of chicken, green
peas, whipped potatoes and.
strawberry shortcake on the
table in less than an hour. But
actually allthis has occurred in
the span Of twenty-five years
since Birds Eye began to quick
freeze food two and half dec
AIDES ago.
Today quick-frozen foods know
no season and no limit to their
variety. From such items as fish,
poultry, vegetables, and fruits,
they have gone on to specialtfes
like quick-frozen orange juice
and lemonade and pre-cooked
foods like French fries, whipped
potatoes, and fish sticks.
Brimming over with flavor and
goodness, specially grown fresh
picked fruits and vegetables,
just-caught fish, and plump,
, 1954-05-18

Very Important People aren't
likely to forget appointments with
Crosley's new VIP precision clock
radio, It is designed especially for
the executives desk with the
alarm feature serving as 9 re-
hinder for appointments and im-
portant newscasts. Handsomely
styled with precision clock-radio
performance, including complete
automatic clock control and APP
pliance outlet, it features a newly
developed three-directional speak
er chamber for console-like tone.
The VIP is offered in four decora-
tor-5clected colors: maroon, blue,
black and green.
, 1954-05-18
SUPREME COURT
of an the world.

of all the world.
Senator Herbert Lehman of
New York said all free men
throughout the world must hail
this news with joy. The Court has
spoken with authority and final
ity in. outlawing the evil and de-
grading practice Of segregation in
our schools. The Court, he said,
has found the meaning Of moral
law.
, 1954-05-18
CPL.

tactical use Of atomic Wea-
pons.
Danielson, the son Of Mrs
Elizabeth Danielson. is a truck
driver with the 61st Medium
Truck Company. He entered
the Army in September 1852.
a large photograph Of him
in the act of checking the oil
gauge on a motor vehicle was
sent by the Army.
, 1954-05-18
ANNOUNCEMENT

AMMO
The Virgin Islands Flag
Commission, established by
Bill No. "a of til seventeenth
Legislative Assembly, an
nounces a
Contest for Designing 4 new
Virgin Islands Flag
which will adequately repre-
sent the history, growth and
traditions Of the Virgin Is
lands and their People.
The contest is open to all
residents Of the Virgin Islands
and Virgin Islanders abroad,
at least Is years Of age. Each
contestant may submit two en-
tries but no contestant is eli
gible for more than one prize.
Entries must be in the hands
Of the Virgin Islands Flag
Commission on or before
June 10, 1854:
a. Municipality Of ST. Croix,
Cyril Marshall, ST. Croix MI
scum, or
B. Municipality Of St. Tho
mas & St. John, Ivan A. Ifow=
ard, Department of Education
Or Miss Clarice Thomas, Beth
any School, St. John.
The Flag Commission shall
make the final choice Of flag
design to be submitted to the
Governor and the Legislative
Assembly. All entries become
the property of the Govern
ment Of the Virgin Islands.
For further details Of the
contest, including rules, condi-
lions, entry blanks, etc. con
tact Mr.. Marshall in ST. Croix,
Mr.. Howard in ST Thomas or
Miss Thomas in St. John.
Virgin Islands Flag Commits
sion
Ivan A. Howard
Chairman
, 1954-05-18
DR.. De FREsTAS cOMINGl

Dr, Robert NJ De Freitas
3, a. o., D. Specialist in Eye
Examination Refraction Or
+hoptics; announces that on
Tuesday, May 10, from 10
am to 5 pm, and Wed, May
10, from 100 to 4:30 pm,
complete ~optometrie service
will be offered to the Munich
pality Of St. Croix.
Will be Ffederiksted
Municipal Hoenital from 600
am. until noon Wednesday
Tic latest dosions in Eye
glasses prepaid or c. O. D.
Evening star., 1954-10-14

Cl1VE bu4ldtE1J, ~ was uOt QultC
that easy. Also, 1t was too bad
q contract Of three no trump had
not been reached. That contract
probably would have been made
as the defenders would have had
considerable difficulty discard
ing on dummy's long diamond
suit.
Anyway, at the three-heart
contract, Mr.. Meek won the first
trick with dummy's queen Of di-
anonds and led a trump. Mr.
Masters ducked, thinking his
partner might have something
like the doubleton queen which
could come home for trick.
But the queen was played by
Mr.. Meek and Mr.. Abel won
with the king. In a further at
tempt to isolate the dummy. ne
returned his last diamond. Dunn
myas king won and Mr.. Masters
took the following heart lead
with the ace.
He was now faced with o
tough decision. A club lead would
probably lose a trick. The ace
and another spade would auto
matically give Mr.. Meek two
tricks in that suit. Finally Mr..
Masters solved his problem
neatly by returning the Jack of
spades.
Dummy's queen won and Mr.
Meek realized sadly that he was
on the board for the last time
Desperately. he cashed the ace
of diamonds and discarded MS
last spade, hoping the opponent
who was out Of diamonds was
also out Of trumps.
Int it was no good. Mr.. Abel
ruffed and returned a spade
Dummy's king was put up and
Mr.. Masters covered it with the
ace. xMr. Meek ruffed and while
he. lost no spade tricks at aliI
he could not avoid losing two
club tricks at the end and was
down one.
(copyrisht 1854, General Features corp.i
Evening star., 1954-10-14
Natures S Children

workers until it is expedient that
q few dozen drones be on hand.
II honey Is scarce during the
winter months. the drones are
the first to be rationed.
There can be no doubt the
bees communicate with each
other: how. we are not sensitive
enough to understand. Ants
have . touch system conversing
by contracting the antennae or
feelers of each other. II
When the hive becomes too
crowded and prosperous. new and
larger quarters are sought. The
inside Of the dwelling is sealed
against light and air. Sufficient
honey is brought from the old
home to feed workers and queen.
When wax ii needed for cells.
workers get busy. This Is q
highly complicated task.
Workers travel miles TO collect
3 mere drop OF sweet nectar
concealed IN most flowers. This
Evening star., 1954-10-14
Honey Bee,

The life Of the honey bee Is
that of an overworked slave. The
life Of every colony Is honey. the
food Of adult residents. TO this
end the bee works herself to
death In order that others might
live. No animal or human soci-
ETY. has been so perfectly organ
ized. Life in the hive is q sacri-
neal lnatriarchy. Every bee
performs his duty with unques-
tiOning zeal. Even the drones
are made TO shirk every task.
save being on hand to follow the
princess to the sky for the we'd
ding ceremony.
The queen has only one task.
Her attendants see to 1t that
she falfills this. She Is 3 mere
machine for producing $4,000 or
more eggs. Her special guard
guides her to clean empty cells
Ia which she deposits one small
esg All eggs produce female
Evening star., 1954-10-14
BY LiIIicn Cox Athey

Is carried in q special stomach
back to the hive where 1t, ID
given over to another worker.
Several chemical changes must
take place before the nectar y
transformed into honey.
Three months il the usual Life
span Of : nectar collector. She
may start out In the spring with
entire gauzy wings and . stout
constitution, but the daily travel
between flowers and hive takes
a heavy toll. BY the time the
blossoms have been drained and
pollinated, the little worker
wears tattered wings supported
by d weary body. Her mission
completed. she passes on outside
of the hive where q bird picks
her final remains.