davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11

tl1etically Of what he had seen.
He was called O Bolshevik and
q Red. -
Jolt from Prof. Counts.
Then there was q Jolt from
Prof. George IS. Counts Of Co
lumbia. Speaking to the Pro-
greSsive Education Association
In the panic year Of 1882. he
challenged the teachers to ac-
cept the responsibility for for
mulating Q social program and
using the schools to promote it.
The next year the association
appointed q Committee on Social
Problems under Prof. Counts
leadership. It called for edu-
Gators to recognize the corporate
and interdependent character OF
the contemporary order and
transfer the democratic tradi-
ton from individualistic to COLI
lectivist economic foundations"
Prof. Counts earlier had adj
vocated replacing private cap
italism by some form OF social
lied economy"
It all seems silly now. But
there we're q lot Of strange pro-
posals made when millions were
out of work and capitalism itself
was being questioned. The
American people. however, were
not letting one group change
the social order and certainly
not the teachers who would be
doing it all by themselves by
teaching the young.
/ Brand Members Conservative.
How Ear these proposals and
others went is hard to determine.
No doubt there were some
teachers fired by enthusiasm who
preached the doctrines to their
pupils. But consider the fact
there are more than 10000 school
districts in the country and
school board members are usually
conservative. They didn't fall
for the collectivist idea.
There were those who ridi-
culed the proposals at the time.
The committee named by the
association later refused to give
allegiance to the concept Of a
planned society and the direc-
ton of education toward that
end.
Some people. however. see no
elimination al the danger c.
a teacher dominated change in
the social order. Let a teacher
urge her pupils to cooperate
with one another and it recalls
the advocacy of collectiviSm and
may be branded subversive.
Tomorrow: The report card
and the disputes over what it
ShOIlEd he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11
Kalamazoo Schools
Like Insurance Plan
Br De Assoeieted Pre.s

KALAMAZOO, Mich. - The
Kalamazoo Board of Education
adopted a low -cost insurance
plan covering accidents to chill
dren at school or en- route to
classes. Parents pay a 81 yearly
premium for each child.
A day after the policies went
into effect Marilyn Joan Walsh,
a high school student, was in
jured in a gymnasium accident.
Her policy paid hospital bills dur
ing the several days treatment
for a dislocated knee.
Later John Wesley Phillips, 6,
was fatally injured when struck
by a car on his way to classes
His policy paid a $1,000 death
benefit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11
Sixth Of a Series


schools. there, laid them to "too
many left-wingers and liberals;
they're all for progressive edu-
cation and every cockeyed, new
tangled thing that comes along"
He said they came into the
county in the Franklin D. Roose-
welt and Henry Wallace era.
= Another resident equated Pro-
gressive Education with the pro
gressives" among the Americans
who became prisoners of war in
Korea. The "progressives" were
the miserable little group which
fell for the Communist line or
accepted it to win favors for
themselves.
The term Progressive Educa-
ton" has about as many mean
ings as there are people who
use it.
Progressive Education is often
accepted as synonymous with
lack of discipline: With it came
greater classroom informality
than in the good old days. This
has troubled some people, as has
the development of classroom
projects"
In these projects, a group of
children may be set to the task
of learning all they can about
such subjects as rice. tralSporta-
ton or radio. It is the idea that
the projects call on the children
for reading, writing, geography,
mathematics, exploring the re-
sources of books and learning to
work comparatively.
MesSianic Mission.
There is impressive evidence
that Progressive Education
methods result in improved edu-
cation. If the movement had
not gone beyond education. the
story would have been much
simpler. But in the depression
1905, some of the leaders de-
veloped a meSsianlc mission to
make over the social order.
They attracted following,
but they didn't get very far with
their program. One result, how
ever, was that some people see
Progressive Education as a hell
ish plot in which the chief devil
was the late John Dewey, Coz.
lumbia University educator.
In the first years, Progressive
Education was lampooned in
cartoon and joke. There was
one portraying little Willie belt
ing little Mary over the head
with a ruler, while the teacher
remarked complacently. Willie
is expressing himself" 81
There was also one about the
child asking plaintively. DO
we have to do Just what we want
to do again today"
American schools around 1900
were undergoing q change. Writ
ers trace this back to Frederick
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11

judged to possess q high degree
Of intellectual curiosity and drive
and o high degree Of resource
fulness in meeting new situations.
Furthermore. It appeared that
the more experimental the
school. the more successful were
their graduates.
Attacks Continue.
However good records Progress
sive School graduates make. this
does not relieve Progressive Edu-
cation from attack. Develop
ments in educational methods
may be assailed on the ground
they are y manifestations Of
Progressive Education.
This applies to "core" curricu-
lum. Core. or general education
as It is called in some areas. is
usually q double period in junior
high school, which combines two
or more subjects. These subjects
may be English and one or more
Of the social studies or science
and music or art. In purpose,
they are somewhat like the gen.
eral education courses colleges
began to offer in the 1920s to
relate to one another the vari-
Gus subjects being taught In
packages"
The United States Once Of
Education, in 1949. found 833.
or only 3.5 per cent Of the Ma
tons $4,000 public secondary
schools. had adopted core. Three
years later, It found some Of the
schools had dropped core but
that there was also "a continued
or increased interest in the core
curriculum"
There are no core classes in
the District schools.
In Maryland, in 1852, Of the
States 1874 county public second
airy schools, 152 schools in 81
Of the % counties were using
core programs.
Virginia Program.
General education (core) pro-
grams were recommended to
Virginia's elementary and Sec
ondary schools in 1884 as part
of the Virginia program for
improving instruction. This &C
ton by the State Department
of Education has been repeated
since then.
This reporter visited q core
class in a junior high school
in Arlington County. Va. The
combined subjects were English
history and literature. The class
was alert and interested. The
students appeared to have
learned things and to be learn
ing things.
Blame for lack Of discipline
and even juvenile delinquency
is laid to- the door of Progress
Sive Education. Discipline is a
problem, particularly now when
it seems the times are out of
joint. But so far, Progressive
Education has not figured sig
niflcantly in testimony on iu-
venile delinquency at the Sen
ate committee hearing on that
subject.
The claims that Progressive
Education is sinister and even
Subversive refer back to events
a quarter of a century ago.
In 1928, Dewey visited Russia.
The period when pupils gave
orders to teachers and school
officials in the name of Marx
was over. Dewey met enthusi-
astic teachers and students who
impressed him as intent on
building a new and better world.
| On his return, he wrote sympa-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11
Avo Gurdner in Nevada

HOLLYWOOD. June II R.-
Ava Gardner, suspended for re-
fusing q Aim role. left by auto
yesterday for Lake Tahoe. New.
where she plans to establish resi-
dence for a divorce from Frank
Sinatra. She was, accompanied
by her two sisters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11
WHO'S Wong With Our Schools
Progressive Education Means
Fighting Words to Some People

Froebel (1782-lS52), founder Of
the kindergarten. and even
earlier. One factor in the change
was the advance in psychology.
particularly with the publication
by william James of his 'Prin-
ciples Of Psychology" There also
came the manual training move
ment.
Father Of Idea.
Many regard Francis Waylahd
Parker as the father of Progress
sive Education He had been q
Civil War colonel. He put new
ideas in education into effect in
Quincy, Mass. and Chicago.
Dewey had begun to test out
his ideas in philosophy and edu-
cation in Chicago. Then he went
to Columbia in New York at
about the time Teachers Col
lege evolved from an earlier
school.
In 1919, the Progressive Edu-
cation Association was formed
It drew up q statement in which
the first point was freedom for
the child to develop naturally
It said:
"The conduct of the pupil
should be governed by himself
according to the social needs OF
his community. rather than ar
bitrary laws. Full opportunity
for initiative and self-expression
should be provided, together
with an environment rich In In
teresting material that is avail
able for the free use OF every
pupil"
The second point was that in
terest is the motive of all work.
The third was that the teacher
is a guide, not a taskmaster.
Some private schools were
formed to operate on the new
philosophy, and others adopted
it. A number of public schools
were swayed, but most ap-
preached it gingerly. Here in
the Washington area, the public
schools maintain they are pro-
gressive in methods but that
they do not follow Progressive
Education, in capital letters.
Encountered at Columbia.
Many teachers and future
teachers encountered Progressive
Education at Columbia. They
were described as going out pro-
claiming Dewey as their prophet.
Like many disciples, they mis-
understood their prophet.
In some of the progressive
schools, there was disorder. The
answer was that the master
had said the school would be
"child-centered." Actually his
position was not that the school
should be a circle with the child
in the center, but an ellipse with
two axis points: the child and
the community's needs. One OF
those needs is order.
y The point that interest was
the motive of work could be in
terpreted as calling on the
teacher to see that the child was
interested. Or as not calling for
work if the child was not inter-
kested.
On guide VS.. tasknaSter, the
teacher either had to pitch in
and provide effective leadership
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11
PurIey on Indonesic

THE HAGUE, Netherlands.
June IL (RL-An Official four
man Ipdonesian delegation win
arrive June 20 to discuss with
the Dutch government the noui-
dation Of their 4h-year-old
loosely linked union. the Dutch
Foreign Ministry said today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11

or resign responsibility on the
ground the teacher was not to
be q taskmaster.
BY 1880. one writer was saying
that some Of Dewey's disciples
understood him to have taught
that intelligence is achieved
through exercise Of freedom,
whereas he had insisted free
dom is achieved through the ex-
ercise of intelligence.
Dewey Takes . Hand.
Dewey then took q hand. He
found progressive schools with
different aims and methods. He
also found that some of these
schools indulge pupils in unre-
strained freedom Of action and
speech, in manners and lack OF
manners. Schools fartnest to
the left '(and there are many
parents who share this fallacy)
carry this thing they call free
dom to the point Of anarchy"
Many progressive schools
which had taken extreme posi-
tons receded from. them. Some
Of the progressive ideas were
adopted by conventional schools.
Where psychology demonstrated
improved methods Of teaching,
those methods found acceptance
on both sides of the fence.
How progressive, or "ad-
vanced," or experimental
schools made out in the job of
teaching had a demonstration in
the 1930s.
For years there had been q
fight between the colleges and
the secondary schools over col
lege entrance requirements. The
schools held that they were
ait-jacketed by the college en-
trance requirements.
Finally the Progressive Educa-
ton Association got the colleges
to agree to an experiment. Thir-
ty-eight colleges and UNIVERSE
ties, ranging from conservative
Eastern endowed colleges to
State universities, took part. On
the other side were what came
to be known as the Thirty
Schools.
On Principals Say.
The colleges agreed to accept
graduates of the Thirty Schools
practically on the recommends
tions of the principals. Prepara-
ton of the students was de-
scribed as ranging from fairly
close to the orthodox pattern of
college preparation to the "al-
most wildly heterodox."
One Of the reports on the ex-
pertinent. did They Succeed in
College?" by Dean Chamberlin
and others, was published in
1912. A study was made of 2,108
students from the Thirty Schools,
but chiefly of 1.475 who were
matched as closely as possible,
student for student, with gradu-
ateS of conventional schools in
terms of scholastic aptitude, in
terests and background.
The students entering college
in 1896 were followed for four
years, those in 1887 for three
years, those in 1888 for two years
and those in 1899 for one year.
From the comparisons of the
records of the matched pairs
these were among the findings:
The graduates of the Thirty
Schools earned slightly higher
total grade average and higher
averages in all subject fields eY-
cept foreign languages. They
received slightly more academic
honors each year and a higher
percentage of non-academic
honors. They were more often
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11
.A,436,OOO Included
In Bill for Howard
PrecIinicaI Building

Howard University is In line
for q $4.43e. 900 clinical med
ical building, If the $40 billion
appropriation bill for the Labor
and Health. Education and We'll
fare Departments gets through
the Senate
The bill includes $4,S0S. 900 for
construction at the university of
q pre-clinical medical building,
as well as $272. 900 for q power
substation to enable the uni
versity to use commercial electric
power rather than make extern
sive additions to its own generat-
ing plant.
Other Funds Later.
Committee members have in
dicated next year may see an
attempt to provide three already
authorized buildings at Howard
An auditorium. mems dormi-
tory and a fine arts building.
No construction is planned at
Ere admen's Hospital for the COM
Ing year..
)ther appropriations calling
for construction are those for
the Columbia Institution for the
Deaf. The bill includes $685.
600 for construction Of a library
classroom building. An addi-
tional $4,000 is for renovating
an existing building to provide
adequate gymnasium facilities.
In the committees report on the
bill 1t was stated that the in
creases were only a stopgap
measure.
Review of Needs Urged.
cit is the strong desire of the
committee" the report said,
that the Department Of Health,
Education and Welfare review
the need for additional construc-
ton of buildings at this insti-
tuition and be prepared to present
a program when hearings
are held on the 1856 budget"
Although no major construc-
ton is planned by st. Elizabeths
Hospital, also under the control
of the Welfare Department. the
mental institute was allowed
81, $50 900 for major repairs and
preservation of building and
grounds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11
By Froneis P. Douglas

The words Progressive Edu-
cation" have become an epithet
to be used in rows about the
schools. They are almost fight
ing words.
A resident Of Arlington County,
discussing difficulties Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-11

tlletically Of what he had seen.
He was called Q Bolshevik and
. Red.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-02-25
In AN, AROUND GaitherSburS
Mrs. George Darby Gathesbug $50
Gaithersburg $40
Mrs. George Darby

nN am1N Observation-Disclosures
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-02-25
Local Easter Seal
Campaign Plans
Are Under Way

The Easter Seal Campaign
plans are under way at the Mont
gomery County Crippled Chill
dren's Society headquarters, 1906
Rockville Pike Courtesy of
American Legion Post los B-CC).
Mrs, Dorland Davis, president of
the. Board of Trustees, announces
the following committee chair
men: Mrs. Harry Kantor, mailing
list; Mrs. William Prescott, coin
boxes; Mrs. Lee Pennington, cor
sages; Mrs. Herbert State, publ
city, along with Mrs. Arthur
Hazes, Mrs. Bennett Swenson,
Mrs. John Haltiwanger, Mrs.
Gerald Hall.
The Montgomery County Soci-
ETY. will celebrate the first ami
versary of its Treatment Center
on March 7. Mrs. Curtis Walker
is assisting the president, Mrs.
Dorland Davis, in arranging for
a gala birthday party for the
patients who received Speech
Therapy or Physical Therapy
during the first year.
To date, more than 1900
treatments have been given to
100 patients who come from all
parts of Montgomery County.
The Treatment Center, located
halfway between Bethesda and
Rockville, is supported by Easter
Seal contributions and by in
terested clubs. Residents of
Montgomery County are urged to
mail their Easter Seal contribu-
lions to 1906 Rockville Pike, or in
care of the Postmaster, Rockville,
Md. The National Easter Seal
Drive opens March 10.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-02-25

gathered and enjoyed games and
refreshments provided by Mrs.
Nicholson. Donna received many
beautiful presents from her lit
tie friends.
Word was received last Satur-
day of the serious illness of Mrs.
Lula DutroW, who was recently
moved back to Bonnie Blink" /,
the Masonic Home at Jockeys
vile, Md. from the Lutheran Hos
pital in Baltimore, where she was
taken after a fall the Sunday
after Christmas. We hope to have
better news from her soon.
Mrs. Russell Bennett, her son
John and her daughter, Mrs.
Mary Ellen Simpson, and three
little children motored to New
York last Thursday where the
latter boarded a boat bound for
Panama where her husband, Will
liam Simpson, is stationed.
Mrs. Bennett entertained about
fourteen people on Sunday pre-
ceding their trip, all of whom
came to bid Mary Ellen goodbye
for two years.
Mr.. Harry Wolstenhoime, Mrs.
BENEFITS father, went to Della
ware about two weeks ago to
attend the funeral of his wife's
sister.
Mrs. Mabel Ballenger wishes
to inform all the subscribers to
the electric light fund, that she
has taken over the collection of
funds to pay for the street lights
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-02-25
Garrett Park Man
Released From
Marine Corps

The release from active duty of
500 Marines was announced re-
Gently at the Treasure Island
Marine Barracks. The dis
charges are all veterans of Far
Eastern service who were re.
turned to the United States for
separation upon expiration of
their enlistments.
Among those discharged was
S/Sgt. Robert M. Cannon, son of
Mr.. and Mrs. Clifford M. Cannon
of 4419 Strathmore Avenue, Gar
rett Park. Cannon served II
months in Korea as an aviation
ordnanceman in the 1st Marine
Aircraft Wing.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-02-25

1t was a lovely party on Thurs
day afternoon at the attractive
country estate of Mrs. William
Farr when she entertained at tea
honoring the overall chairman of
the recent drive for Suburban
Hospital, Mrs. Donaldson, and
those who solicited in Upper
Montgomery.
DR.. and Mrs. David Beary of
Arlington, Va. were weekend
guests of Mrs. Lois Maxwell in
Comus.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Darby en-
tertained ID of the Darby rela-
tives at dinner Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Bliss left
Saturday for a three weeks vaca-
ton in Tampa, Florida Mr.. and
Mrs. Bill Bliss and Robby are
staying at the farm during their
absence.
Misses Mary and Lulu Hoskin.
son left Wednesday for a weeks
visit with Mrs. Wilbur Sherwood
n Chevy Chase, D. c.
Mrs. F. M. White was over
night guest of her daughter and
family, Mr.. and Mrs. AL Chakan
last week and while there attend
ed style show.
Congratulations to Mr. and
Mrs. Overton Lee Murdoch over
the arrival of their first baby
named Overton Lee, Jr., who ar
rived on February II. His father
celebrated his birthday on an
other famous date this month,
January %.
Mr. and Mrs. Raymond Poole
are the proud parents of baby
girl this bringing their family
number to A.
The Monocacy Garden Club
held a luncheon meeting on
Thursday at the home of Mrs.
Wilson Poole, Mrs. Sprigg Hays
and Mrs. ]. j. Chisolm assisting
hostesses. Plans were made for a
going in group to the National
Capital Garden and Flower Show
in Silver Spring, also several plan
to attend the international Show
in New York in March. Guest
speaker for the March meeting
will be Mr.. E. L. Stock.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-02-25
Miss Elizabeth Louise Byrne
Engaged to Fred CoIwell

Mr.. Harold S. Kingsley, of
Gaithersburg, announces the en-.
gagement of his granddaughter,
Miss Elizabeth Louise Byrne, to
Mr.. Fred T. ColWell, also of
Gaithersburg.
Miss Byrne is Librarian at the
Gaithersburg branch of the Mont
gomery County Library. She is a
graduate of the Montgomery
Junior College, Takoma Park,
and attended Western Maryland
College. She is a member of the
Gaithersburg Band Patrons Club
and the Epworth Methodist
Church.
Mr.. ColWell is Assistant to the
Vice President in charge of AID
vertiSing and Public Relations for
the Capital Transit Company, and
is a graduate of New York Uni
versity. He is a member of the
Washington Board of Trade and
has been active in community af
fairs including the Washington
Heart Association, Community
Chest and Red Cross. Mr.. Col
well is a former editor of the
Washington Junior Chamber OF
Commerce Bulletin and past
Chairman of the Jaycee's Public
Relations Committee.
No date has been set for the
wedding.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-02-25


Miss Joan Spring spent the
weekend visiting the home of
her fiance, William Soblotone, in
Cleveland, Ohio, having flown
there and back by Capitol Air
lines.
James Spring has been made
the mangaer of the office of the
"Trimalawn" Company, which
has recently established a place
of business in Gaithersburg. He
has been associated with the
same company in Rockville for
several years.
Mr.. and Mrs. Rufus Gillian
and family moved last week from
their home to the one they pur-
chased from Mr.. and Mrs. Pres
ton Weaver, which was former
ly the Pollock home. They have
rented their home to Mr.. and
Mrs. Hallock of Woodfield, who
moved in on Saturday.
The regular February meeting
of the Women's Missionary So
ciety was held at the home of
Mrs. Donald Nicholson on Satur-
Is at 8 pm. Mrs. Edward Ard
niger was the devotional leader
and gave very interesting talk
on Faith. The hostess served
delicious refreshments after the
study and business session and
a social time was enjoyed by all.
A birthday party was given by
Mrs. Donald Nicholson on aStur-
day last, for her little daughter
Donna, who was six years old
on Friday. About forty children
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-02-25

On Tuesday, the W.S.C.S. OF
Epworth Methodist Church ser
we'd banquet for the Damascus
Wesleyan Service Guild.
Mrs. c. E. Crawford entertain
ed Mrs. Merhle King and Mr.. ano
Mrs. William Birgfield of Ger
mantown at luncheon and cards
on Monday.
The Gaithersburg Business AS
ISOLATION now has on sale, in
many convenient spots around
town, new orange and black tags
bearing the name 'Gaithersburg.
Put your new state tag and a
Gaithersburg tag o nat the same
time. Proceeds from this project
will be used by the association
for charitable purposes.
Pentalpha, OE.S. will have q
benefit card party on Saturday
March 5, at 8 pm. at the Masonic
Hall. Tickets at $1.0O include
prizes and refreshments.
Congratulations to Mr.. anC
Mrs. Robert Otte on the birth
of their son, George Robert, Jr.
on February 10, at Montgomery
County General Hospital. The
young man weighed 7 pounds
5 ounces.
Congratulations to Mr.. and
Mrs. G. w. Bell on the birth of
a daughter on February % at
Montgomery County General Hos
pital.