davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

and Frank Carr appeared at one
or more Of these functions. These
are not the amenities of men who
deem each other guilty Of inn
proper conduct or bad faith.
These are not the actions If le-
sponsible men who suspect each
others purposes or motives.
Significant also Is he fact that
not until Senator Mccarthy In
late January of 1854, served no.
tice that subpoenas would be is
sued for certain members of the
Army, loyalty and screening
board. did the first hints that a
controversy was brewing over
Mr.. Schine and Mr.. Cohn come
to light. Until January %. 1854.
when Mr.. Adams called on me
and suggested my intervention
to halt the issuance of the SUBJ
poenas, neither I nor any other
member of the committee had
any knowledge that the alleged,
activities in behalf of Mr.. Schine
were regarded as improper or
might prove embarrassing to the
committee If disclosed to the
public. How then does one es-
cape the conviction that the
Schine matter was closely cou-
pied with the subpoenas for the
Army loyalty and screening
board and would never have been
revealed If Senator Mccarthy
had not insisted on summoning
the members Of this board? If
this is the caSe--and ] firmly
believe that it waS--a motive for
making the charges against Sem
ator cCarthy and his STAFF was
clearly established.
Monitored Phone Calls.
Finally. a review Of the moni-
tored telephone calls impels the
conclusion that the Secretary Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

aggressive and persistent In the
contacts he made with various
individuals In the executive de-
partments In regard to his friend
and associate. Mr.. Schine.
We find that Mr.. Cohn con-
,sumed an inordinate amount Of
committee time In his efforts to
be helpful to Mr.. Schine.
We And. however. that the
investigation at Fort Monmouth
was not designed or conducted
as q leverage to secure prefer
entail treatment for q. David
Schine.
The whole period Of associa-
lions, during which the activi-
ties resulting in the allegation Of
improper influence" transpired,
was permeated with luncheons,
dinners, theater parties. prize
fights, privileges Of an exclusive
New York City club, photo
graphs. invitations to the home
Of Mr.. Schine. and, other social
amenities.
Under the circumstances that
prevailed, it Is difficult to know
what was said between Adams
and Cohn in a facetious spirit
and what was intended to be
considered seriously at the time,
or which. upon later recollection,
was designed to take on q more
serious implication by one party
or the other than was intended
by the speaker at the time the
statements were made.
The MCCARTHY Charges
Against Mr.. Hensel.
The allegations against Mr..
II. Strive Hensel concerning
certain conduct more than 10
years ago were deemed mad
MISSILE. and no testimony on
these charges was taken, nor
was 1t established that Mr..
Hensel had any important
identity with the Army charges
except in supervisory capacity.
BY formal committee action, by
a majority vote in open session.
Mr.. Hensel was eliminated from
the investigation.
The Mccarthy Charges
Against Stevens, Adams.
The gist OF the countercharges
by Senator Mccarthy and his
staff was that the Army charges
were dishonesty made and In
bad faith and motivated by the
desire to Cal hinder the commit
tee investigation Of Communist
inflltration into the Army. and
(b) to stop the summoning Of
members of the Army Loyalty
and Screening Board to give
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

Senator Mccarthy is in the
clear. He, has much to an
swer for, including especially
his shameful abuse Of Gen.
Zwicker and his appeal to the
executive employees to convert
themselves into a host Of in
formers. Neither does 1t, mean
that the questions of veracity
have been resolved. The con-
flicts in the direct testimony
the conflicts in which one side
said one thing, in which the
other side said the opposite,
and in which some one obvi-
ously was not telling the
truth-remain to be cleared up
If it Is possible to do so.
"The formal accusation from
the Army in this hearing,
however. is of a different
nature. The claim is that
Senator Mccarthy, his COM
mittee counsel. Roy Cohn, and
Staff Director Francis Carr
exerted improper pressure on
Secretary Of the Army Stevens
and Army Counselor Adams in
behalf Of Pvt. David Schine.
(The complaint against MIR.
Carr has been dropped.)
"The Army claim is destroyed
by the phone conversations.
On March 8. 1854, the day be-
fore the Army filed its charges,
Secretary Stevens called Sem
ator Symington. Some OF the
things said by the Missouri
Senator in that conversation
have been used effectively
against him by Senator Nc
Carthy. But this Is what Sec
rotary Stevens said: I person.
ally think that anything in
that line Tin the nature of the
Army charges) would prove to
be very much exaggerated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01
Democratic Minority Cites Many Serious Contradictions

training. Mr.. Cohn sought a posi-
ton for him in the Central In
telligence Agency. That would
have allowed Mr.. Schine to avoid
military service altogether. That
effort also failed. Then Mr.. Cohn
sought and succeeded in arrang-
ing for Mr.. Schine to have a
two-week Through Immediately
upon his induction into the
Army, on the basis that he was
needed for subcommittee work.
Significant Point.
We think it significant that no
claim for such need for Mr..
Schine's services to the subcom-
mittee had been interposed until
after attempts to obtain a COM
mission had failed.
Senator Mccarthy became APP
prehensive of criticism from the
press about this furlough, and it
was terminated at the end Of
one week.
Because Of Mr.. COINS insist
ence that Mr.. Schine was
needed for committee work. Sec
rotary Stevens on November 6
arranged for Mr.. Schine to have
special passes from Fort Dix.
During the 81 days that Pvt.
Schine was In training at Fort
Dix, he received leave passes for
all or part of 81 days. whereas
the average draftees in basic
training there received leave
passes for al or part Of only
nine DAYS.
On week ends Pvt. Schine went
10 New York City because it was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

and screening board. And very
shortly thereafter the Army be-
gan to- compile from various
notes and memoranda, the events
which dealt with the efforts in
behalf Of Mr.. Schine and which
were issued in March of 1854 as
the so-called Chronology of
events" which appear in the APP
pendix. On April Is, 1854, the
Army filed its formal charges.
based upon the chronological
recital of events mentioned
above.
Time Lapse Cited.
II was therefore thirteen
months after Mr.. Scl1ine joined
the committee staff that the So
called chronology Of events"
was released to certain members
of Congress, and fourteen
months after he came to Wash
ington that the formal charges
were filed.
In that long period Of more
than a year, there was no hint
of anger or hostility or bitterness
or friction between the Army
and the committee. It was, in
fact. q period OF congenial and
Fictitious relationship, marked
by such differences Of opinion
as one might reasonably expect.
The record discloses that in
October, November and Deem
Der. 1953-nine months after Mr..
Schine joined the staff-there
were dinners and luncheons,
prize fights and theater tickets,
visits to the Stork Club and
luncheon at the exclusive Mer-
chants Club, photographs and
dinner at the Waldorf apart
ment Of Mr.. and Mrs. Schine.
Secretary Stevens. MFR. Adams.
Senator Mccarthy, Roy Cohn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

pensation. He was then Is years
old. Senator Mccarthy had not
met him previously. He was en-
ployed primarily on the recon-
mendations of Mr.. ,Cohn. who
had just been appointed chief
counsel of the subcommittee.
Prior thereto. Mr.. Schine had
had no experience as an investi-
gator or in the interrogation Of
witnesses. In his testimony Sem
ator Mccarthy stated that the
reasons he employed Mr.. Schine
were: I'D He was willing to work
without compensation: and t21
he had made q study Of the In
formation Services abroad. The
testimony further showed that
he had written q pamphlet on
communism which had been dis
tributed throughout the chain of
hotels owned and operated by
his family and that he, had also
prepared an outline on psyche
logical warfare.
Not Full Time.
Mr.. Schine had not been pre-
viously employed either BY the
Government or by any firrn Or
Il. n - a ~ - - ! z -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

with funds approved by the
Senate.
Z. We recommend that the
Congress approve the legislation
introduced by Senator'S Mundt
and jackson providing that the
Federal Bureau of Investigation
should. upon request Of q ma
jority of the members Of q COM
mittee. make q complete field
investigation Of all present and
potential staff members Of
congressional committees.
8. We recommend that q SUBJ
committee Of the Senate Conn
mittee on Judiciary be requested
to make q carful and compre-
hensive study of the respective
rights and prerogatives both Of
the executive departments and
the committees Of Congress in
the controversial area of Just
what facts, figures. records. and
personnel data the executive de-
partments are justified in de-
nying to the peoples representa-
tives In Congress. This should
include some study concerning
the status of loyalty and security
board members vis-a-vis in.
vestigating committees and an
exploration Of the area, If any, in
which Congress should be pre-
cluded from exercising its
powers of subpoena on individ-
uals in the executive depart
ments and upon classified ma
terial.
Insofar as possible, the historic
differences which have developed
from time to time between
the executive and legislative
branches Of Government, as a
result Of the American concept
Of separation of powers, should
be more adequately resolved.
8. We recommend that when
committees of Congress are a.
bout to understake an investi-
cation Of conditions in an execu-
tive department. earnest effort be
made to develop q formula Of
cooperation between the de-
partment involved and the com.
mittee Of Congress to the end
that the public interest may be
most completely served. This
should in no sense weaken the
powers or the duties of Congress
to investigate. Under optimum
conditions, however, this should
facilitate such an investigation
by aiding honest administrative
officials to have ready access to
the facts developed in order to
make certain that neither dis
honesty nor disloyalty is present
In their areas of influence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

the Army entertained no belief
Of improper means or influence
on the part Of Senator McCar-
thy or his staff. One p1onitored
call took place between Secretary
Stevens and a member of the
committee on March 5, 1854.
That call was made thirteen
months after Mr.. Schine joined
the committee staff. 1t came
about three weeks after the date
of the last item set forth in the
chronology of events" Number
Al. That call was made three
weeks after the date of the last
specification (Number 29) in the
formal Army charges. And it
took place FIVE weeks before the
formal Army charges were filed
on April Is. 1854. This can only
mean that Secretary Stevens was
fully acquainted with every facet
and angle Of the Schine story.
Against this background, Sec
rotary Stevens said in the course
of that telephone cali. IT person.
ally think that anything in that
line would prove to be very much
exaggerated. That would be my
opinion. In other words. think
there has been some talk around
that has been very much exag-
gerated over anything that is
there. I am the Secretary and I
have had some talks with the
committee and the chairman,
and so on, and by and large as
far as the treatment of me Is
concerned. I have no personal
complaint. In others words
when he got after Zwicker, of
course. then I hollered. but as far
as ! personally am concerned I
don't have a lot Of stuff so far
as my contact with Joe or the
committee is concerned"
Even though this statement is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

is special committee created
for Dne and only che purpose and
that was to Ievaluate the truth
or falsity Of the formal charges
made by the Army on the. one
hand and the countercharges
made By Senator Mccarthy for
himself sand his associates on
the other.
No Statutory Offense.
Nor is the question of the
amount or type Of work per-
formed by Mr.. Schine as an
unpaid staff consultant before
the committee. How much or
how little, or the quality of the
work he may have performed,
relates only to the operations Of
the regular investigating COM
mittee and must be resolved as a
matter of committee policy.
The Army charges involve no
statutory offense.. The element Of
legality is not before the COM
mittee. The charge concerns it
self with personal conduct. The
committee is therefore con-
fronted with the task Of render
ing moral or ethical judgment.
One of the most revealing
aspects of the whole proceeding
is the factor of time. It was four
months after Mr.. Scnine Joined
the committee staff fFebruary
1859 that the first alleged i'm.
proper effort was made to assist
him in securing an Army COM
mission tJuly. 1889. Four
months later October, 1859 the
committee first began to formal
ize its investigation at Fort Mon
mouth. One month later (No-
vember, 1851 Mr.. Schine was
drafted. In Januaryof 1854 came
the first indication that the COM
mittee would subpoena certain
members of the Army loyalty
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

That would be my opinion. In
other words, I think there has
been some talk around that
has been very much exag-
gerated. - On November Z,
1858, three days before Pvt.
Schine reported to Fort Dix.
Secretary Stevens told Sem
ator Mccarthy with reference
to the Schine matter: You
never have done or said any,
thing that spurred me on in
this situation at all, other
than to take a friendly inter-
est
1.-THE Army's first complaint
Of improper pressure was dated
July 8, 1853. On September %
Mr.. Stevens told Mr.. Cohn:
The way you have played ball
with me has been 100 per
cent The record also discloses
that on October 81 of that year
Secretary Stevens phoned
Schine to tell him that he had
discussed his case with De-
tense Secretary Wilson: that
they could not see any APP
propriate' way for him to
avoid basic training. but
that when basic training was
over I personally would like
to arrange. it In such a way
that you would come into this
Army or military establish
ment in such q way that you
would use. the knowledge and
ability you have in certain
fields. >
This Is a record which GER
tainly reflects an extraordinary
readiness on the part of the
Secretary Of Army to please
Mr.. Schine. It is not q record,
however, which reflects pres
sure, improper or otherwise, in
any significant degree"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

Following is the teri OF the
summary and findings OF fact
OF the majority report signed
by Senator's Mtndt. Dirksea,
Potter and Dfoorshak on the
rmy-Mccarthy inquiry:
There was much irrelevant and
iInmaterial testimony presented
during the hearings which has
no bearing on the charges and
countercharges which our COM
mittee was called upon to adju-
dictate. While considerable lati-
tude was given witnesses on all
sides to present their points Of
view on various collateral mat
tiers, we are limiting our findings
solely to the area of the charges
and countercharges, themselves.
In the main, these charges
and countercharges can be epit-
omized as follows:
/. Did Senator Mccarthy.
Frank Carr, and Roy Cohn, indi-
vidually or collectively. use i'm
proper means to seek preferen-
tial treatment for G. David
Schine?
2. Did Secretary Stevens and
John G. Adams. individually or
collectively. endeayor to use
g. David Schine as q pawn in
an effort to influence the hear
ings at Fort Monmouth and to
call on the issuance of sub
poenas for members Of the 10y
atty board?
Testimony on both sides Of
the controversy was frequently
inconclusive and at times COM
pletely contradictory with the
testimony Of other witnesses.
The Department of Justice has
been supplied with a copy Of
the transcript of the hearings.
and the question Of whether
serious contradictions which
occur In the testimony are EVIL
dence of wilful perjury or grew
out of errors of recollect.ons and
failing memories are matters to
be determined by the Depart
ment of Justice rather than by
this committee.
The Charges Against
Senator Mccarthy
We find that the charge OF
exercising improper influence on
the part of Senator Mccarthy in
behalf of G. David Schine was
not established insofar as the
personal involvement of Sena-
tor Mccarthy in any effort un-
duly or improperly to influence
the determination Of the Penta-
gon decisions was concerned.
We find that Senator Nc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

lifted out Of context. it does no
violence to the thought. The sec
rotary had no complaint about
the treatment he received. He
thought there had been some
exaggerated talk. He did not
have a lot Of stuff so far as. his
contact with Joe or the commit
tee was concerned. What then
shall one say Of the Army's
charges?
I am fully sensible Of the in
timations which have been made
from time to time that my bias
lay on one side Of this controversy.
Such charge would naturally
invite the belief that my esti-
mate of this whole matter might
be colored. would serve no pur-
pose to argue the point. Rather,
I prefer to conclude these views
with an editorial which appeared
in the June 8, 1854, edition of
The Washington Star. It's staff
covered the hearings every day.
It reproduced much Of the testi-
mony in verbatim form. It's repu-
tation for fairness and OBJECTIVE
ity is well recognized. That edi-
torial states the case quite well.
tSenator Dirksen then quoted
the following editorial from The
Starr
"Those Monitored Calls"
"It, is hard to understand
why any one on the Army side
of the dispute with Senator
Mccarthy thought that the
transcriptions of the moni-
tored telephone calls would
help the Army's case. For
actually, if it be thought that
the Army once had a case, 1t
has collapsed In the face Of
these telephone conversations.
This does not mean that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

the major issues raised by the
charges and countercharges. II
The second section deals with
major collateral issues.
THE CHARGES
AND COUNTERCHARGES.
The Questions:
A. Did Senator Mccarthy.
Mr.. Cohn. and Mr.. Carr indi-
vidually, or collectively, seek
favors and preferential treat
ment for Mr.. Schine and use
improper means and influence.
including improper use Of their
official positions and the power
Of this subcommittee. to secure
such favors and preferential
treatment?
B. Did Secretary Stevens and
John Adams individually, or COLI
lectively. undertake to influence
or induce the subcommittee to
modify. halt. or discontinue It's
investigation of the Army by
improper means and actions. In
GLIDING threats Of blackmail, or
the detention OF Pvt. Schine as
q hostage?
G. David Schine.--Much Of
this controversy revolves around
q. David Schine. Therefore. some
understanding Of his background
Is essential and should be taken
into account in the evaluation Of
evidence and arriving at con.
illusions. Mr.. Schine was hired
by Senator Mccarthy as q con-
Sultant to the Senate Subcom-
mittee on Investigations In early
February, 1858. He was willing
to. and did, work without CONF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

testimony Ia certain cases where
the findings Of inferior boards
had been reversed.
We find no evidence Of dis
honesty or bad faith on the
part Of any Of the principals in
this controversy as distinguished
from frequent evidence Of mis-
taken Judgment. injudicious ac-
ton, and indiscreet activities.
We ind further that the evi-
dence reasonably inspires the
belief that Secretary Stevens
and Mr.. Adams made efforts to
terminate or influence the In
vestigation and hearings at Fort
Monmouth.
We ind that Secretary Ste
vens and Mr.. Adams were dere-
lict In not registering vigorous
protest with the committee
when they first felt that
anybody connected with the
committee or It's staff had ap.
preached them with requests
and demands considered by
them to be attempts at i'm
proper influence" and that they
were Grant in failing to give q
fiat and firm .'No" with re-
sounding emphasis to any sug-
gestion about changes In orders
or assignments Of duty for G..
David Schine which they may
have considered to be out Of
order.
We find that Mr.. Adams, &C
least. made vigorous and diligent
efforts when the subpoenas were
issued for the Army Loyalty and
Screening Board to halt this
action BY means Of personal
appeal to certain members Of
the committee.
We find that the motives Of
Secretary Stevens, as head Of
the Army, were beyond reproach,
but that he followed q course
of placation, appeasement, and
vacillation throughout the period
leading up to this controversy
when he should have asserted
himself by protesting such action
promptly to the committee or
by terminating such contacts
through administrative action.
We find, finally. that Mr..
Adams used deliberate and in
defensible methods in disclosing
to certain selected and sympa-
thetic members of the press the
preliminary charges forming an
important part of the "Chronol-
ogy of Events" eventually issued
on March 10.
In their respective parts in the
foregoing. we feel that Secretary
Stevens and Mr.. Adams failed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-01

into the service. Senator Nc
Carthy and Mr.. Cohn were app
prised of this. Some four months
thereafter. November 8. 1853, Mr..
Schine was indicted into the.
Army.
The case Of Senator Mccarthy
and Roy Cohn. the Army's
charges are true, then efforts
were made to relieve Mr.. Schine
from the usual obligations Of
military training and to inter-
fere with his orderly and nor
NAL routine after induction as
q private into the United States
Army.
At all times during the course
of the events involved. Senator
Mccarthy. as chairman Of the
Senate Investigations Subcom-
rnittee. and his stan were en-
gagged in an investigation Of the
Army. This relationship between
the investigators and the officials
Of the Army is q strong factor
that Yields weight and influence
in any proper evaluation Of the
facts. Any request of the Army
made by Senator Mccarthy or
Mr.. Cohn on behalf of Mr..
Schine is bound to have as
sumed unusual significance by
reason Of the fact that. ct the
same time they were made. an
Investigation Of the Army was
In progress.
Sought Favors.
It is clear to us that MIR. Cohn
persistently sought. with MI.
Schine's acquiescence. and with
S.s,k y-orict = ~ f,.nY4a Carrntns Me-.