Evening star., 1954-10-10
Justice Jackson Dies at 81;
Suffered Heart Attack in Car

Suffered Heart
CONTINUED From First Page,
dent Roosevelt In June. 1941,
Justice jackson figured pronli-
nently at least twice in specula-
tion that he would be named
Chief Justice.
His death creates the second
vacancy in the Supreme Court
in little more than q year. Il
also gives President Eisenhower
the responsibility of naming an
other member. The first Eisen-
hover appointee was Chief
Justice Earl Warren who sue
ceeded the late Chief Justice
Fred M. vinson a year ago this
month. Chief Justice Warren
and Justice Harold H. Burton
are the only Republicans on the
court at this time.
Justice jackson. whose home
was in Mclean. Va. Is survived
by his widow, Mrs. Irene G.
Jackson, a son. William e. Jack
son Of New York City, and q
daughter, Mrs. Bowdoin Craig
hill. jr., Of Mclean. He was born
in Spring Creek, Pa, on Febru-
ary 13, 1892, but spent the
greater part Of his early life in
upper New York State.
Robert Houghwout jackson
came to Washington, officially,
only 20 years ago. A compare
lively unknown jamestown IN.
Y.) lawyer. he had finished AL
bany Law School too young Gage
20) to receive a degree. He was
brought here in 1884 by Presi-
dent Roosevelt to be general
counsel of the Internal Revenue
Bureau. He had attracted the
attention of Mr.. Roosevelt be-
cause of service on a State COM
mission that recommended i'm
provement in the States Judi
cial system.
Named to Court In 1941.
Within seven years he was on
the Supreme Court, having sue
ceeded Justice Stanley F. Reed
as Solicitor General in March,
1888, and the late Justice Frank
Murphy as Attorney General in
January, 1910. He was nomin-
ated to fill the court vacancy
resulting from promotion of the
late Harlan Fiske Stone to Chief
Justice in 1941.
In the Roosevelt administra-
ton. Justice Jackson became
such an outstanding advocate OF
the New Deal and participated
SO actively in momentous legal
issues while Solicitor General
and Attorney General that he
occasionally was mentioned as
possible Presidential timber.
On the Supreme Court he sell
dom could be fitted into any
set pattern of liberals" or "con-
servatives. He quickly gained
and retained until the end a
reputation for independence, lit
erary style, clarity and gift Of
phrase-plus a knack of getting
to the root of litigation.
One of his most notable, and
perhaps prophetic. utterances
was in his comment last term
during arguments on the school
segregation cases. He predicted
that a decision either for or
against constitutionality Of seq
regation might lead to a gen
Grafton of litigation"
Opposed Steel Seizure.
When President Truman's
seizure Of the steel industry was
tested in the Supreme Court in
1852, Justice Jackson was one OF
the sjx-member. majority which
held it, illegal. sTT ~
He was with the majority. too,
IN the ruling setting aside the
stay granted the Rosenbergs by
Justice William o. Douglas,
which delayed the execution OF
the atom spies "a hours.
A concurring opinion Justice
Jackson read shortly after
coming to the court Is we'll
remembered.
AS the court invalidated the
"anti-Okie" law by
which California sought to bar
transient indigents from her
borders, the jurist said tersely
that unless ascitizen may migrate
freely to any part Of the land he
might be called on to defend,
then our heritage Of Constitu-
tional privileges and immunities
is only promise to the ear to be
broken to the hope: a teasing
illusion like a munificent bequest
in a pauper's will"
Justice jackson, then in his
30s, was practicing law in James
town, N. Y, when Governor
Franklin D. Roosevelt named
him on a committee to recon-
mend improvements in the
States judicial system. His work
left an impression, and when
President Roosevelt wanted a
man for the top legal post in
the Internal Revenue Bureau,
Justice Jackson was appointed.
He took over as general counsel
on February /. 1884.
Won Mellon Judgment.
In the Bureau he won an In
come tax Judgment against An
drew w. Mellon, Secretary of the
Treasury under the Coolidge and
Hoover administrations. Then
MFR. jackson moved on to the
Justice Department, first head
ing the tax division and next
being designated as Assistant At
torney General in charge Of the
Division.