davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-05-08

tors and Communist conspirators,
and that he was not going to
stand for answers of a nature I
had given to him." The general
also referred to the Senator's
Threatening manner"
It was Mr.. Stevens indigna-
ton over the Senator's treat
ment Of Gen. Zwicker that
brought about the Secretary's
first brush with the Senator
which started the train of events
eliminating in the public
charges and the subcommittee
hearing.
The subject Of the Mccarthy
hearing also came up during the
afternoon in. the Senate when
Senator Hennings, Democrat, of
Missouri, took the floor to de-
scribe the conduct of the investi-
cation as "unsavory and sordid."
Senator Hennings said "the
picture is sordid because of the
basic one -sidedness of the hear
ings and their monopoly by one
party to this dispute through
dilatory and wasting til
rades and self-serving soliloquies
loaded with improved assertions
in the guise Of questions and
points of order"
President Eisenhower, the
Senator said, should personally
intervene in support of Mr.. Ste
vens in order to stop the steady
inroads on the Executive Branch.
Senator Mccarthy took no
notice of the Hennings speech
in the Senate. To reporters later,
he said:
Tom was just bleeding again.
He always bleeds when we go
after Communists in the Govern
ment."
Evening star., 1954-05-08
throughout the Nation in favor
Of political realignment.

throughout the Nation in favor
Of political realignment.
Clarence E. Manion, former
dean of the University of Notre
Dame Law School, and Robert
E. Wood, retired chairman of
Sears, Roebuck & Co.. were
named co-chairmen.
Mr.. Wood headed the America
First Committee, which opposed
United States participation in
World War II before Pearl Har-
Dor. Mr.. Manion resigned as
head of Government commits
sion after he spoke in favor
of the Bricker Amendment,
which would have placed con-
trolls on treaty making.
Members of the organizing
committee are Burton Wheeler,
former Democratic Senator from
Montana; John T. Flynn, New
York author: Howard Buffet,
former Nebraska Congressman;
Hamilton Fish, former Republic
can Congressman from New
York, and Mr.. Manion. Daniel
Rice. Chicago broker, was named
treasurer.
Called ''NO Third Party"
Mr.. Fish told newsmen that
the new organization is mo
third party"
He said it will be nonparti-
san, that it will take an active
role in the November elections
and will flight within both par
ties" for candidates who share
the views of the new unit.
Mr.. Fish said internationalists
have taken over the press, tele-
vision and radio and declared:
People have nowhere to go.
There should be an organiza-
ton to take care of people who
want realignment. There is no
organization representing States
rights except what are repre-
sented here. It is evident that
even the Republican Party has
gone over to internationaliSm
and interventioniSm."
Evening star., 1954-05-08
Army Making Intensive Search
or McC0rthy's Informant

document sent to the Army by
Mr.. Hoover.
Law Violation.
officials point out that it Is
against the espionage laws to
abstract" such documents and
turn the information over to
unauthorized persons. Those
laws are contained in Army reg
ulation 380-10 entitled Military
Security.
The paragraph which officials
believe would apply in this case
follows:
Whoever. being entrusted with
or having lawful possession or
control of any document, writ
ing. code book, signal book,
sketch. photograph. photograph
ic negative, blueprint, plan,
map. model. instrument, appli-
ance, note or information relat-
ing to national defense (1)
through gross negligence per-
mitS the same to be removed
from its proper place. of custody
or delivered to any one in vio-.
lation of his trust. or to be lost,
stolen. distracted, or destroyed,
or (2) having knowledge that
the same has been legally re-
moved from its proper place or
custody or delivered to any one
in violation of his trust or lost
or stolen, distracted or destroyed.
and fails to make prompt re-
port of its loss, theft, abstraction
or destruction to his superior Of
f1cer, shall be fined not more
than $4,000 and imprisoned not
more than 10 years or both"
Evening star., 1954-05-08
Paper Leases Building

LEESBURG, Va, May 8 (Spe-
ciaD:-The Lodoun Times Pub
fishing Co., which owns and pub
fishes the TimeS-Mirror, has
leased from Mrs. Leon H. Frye
the building on Market street in
Leesburg now occupied by the
Virginia Electric & Power Co.
The Times-Mirror has been pub
lished in its present quarters on
King street since 1927.
Evening star., 1954-05-08
Soviet DELEGATE Dies

GENEVA, May 8 R.-Pietr
Jukov, a minor official of the
Soviet delegation to the Geneva
conference, died in the Soviet
headquarters hotel yesterday.
His body was taken to Moscow
in a Soviet military plane.
Evening star., 1954-05-08
Nee Corthy Orders
Him to Answer

Tim 10 Answer
Since ! considered that this
was an irrelevant question I
replied that I didn't believe
I could give a constructive an
Swer: however. upon being di-
rected by Senator Mccarthy
to either answer the question
or "Seek refuge in the fifth
amendment, I answered it
in the negative.
The Senator then stated
that I was unsuitable as an
Army officer, that I was shield
ing traitors and Communist
conSpirators. and that he was
not going to stand for answers
OF a nature I had given to him.
He asked, I believe, two other
questions to which I respect
fully declined an answer under
the directive as expressed in
Change l. AR 380-10. The SEN
ator further stated that I was
a disgrace to the uniform, that
he couldn't understand how
the Army would ever select a
person like me to be a general
officer, and indicating that he
was certainly going to see to
it that the Army does some
thing about it.
He told me that I was either
stupid or deliberately trying to
protect Communist conspir-
ators. At least twice during
the Senator's aforementioned
statements I objected stren-
uously to any implication that
I was lying, trying to protect
Communists or that I was a
disgrace to my uniform. Sem
ator Mccarthy ordered me to
contact the Department of the
Army and obtain a release per-
mitting me to tell his COM
mittee any and all facts, clas-
sified or otherwise, to the
Peress case. I respectfully de-
clined to do this. I replied, II
refuse to do this" (under the
provisions of the executive
order which directs that in
formation of this nature must
be requested in writing from
the executive department of
our Government by the person
requesting it.
Senator Mccarthy then di-
rected me to appear before a
public hearing of his comit-
tee to be held at 10:30 am.
Tuesday. February %, at the
U. S. Courthouse, New York
city. and said to me in effect,
I want the public to see just
what kind of incompetent per-
sons the Army has in it's officer
corps" He then dismissed me
as a witness. Il remained in
the room during the time he
held his press conference)
During all Of the proceedings
Of the aforementioned hear
ing a stereotype reporter was
present and appeared to be
recording everything said ver-
batirn.
Evening star., 1954-05-08

general. in spite of having read
the press releases and being
familiar with his case and
knowing that this officer was
a Communist conspirator. per-
mitted his discharge, did I not
think that the general should
be tried and himself separated
under dishonorable conditions
from thn corx,iao
Evening star., 1954-05-08
FOUND.

COLLIE TYPE-Male sable and white.
vicinity Of 900 Alfred St. Alex, Va
owner, call KI. 9-3959.
HOUND TYPE. male. tan and white, vi
cinity OF Marthas rd" We atlls. own
Evening star., 1954-05-08
Zwicker'S Charges.

In the memorandum, Gen.
zwicker described his treatment
by the Senator. who, he said.
to- him II was shielding trail
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-24

Eisenhower's great conception. I
myself met several times with
the Soviet foreign minister at
Berlin and at Geneva to discuss
this matter. We are quite will
ing that all documents ex-
changed between the United
States and the U. S. S. r. during
these negotiations be published.
We hoped and believed that
if the Soviet Union would join
with the United States, the
United Kingdom and other ma
tons possessing fashionable ma
terial and atomic "know-how,"
this act of cooperation might
set pattern which would ex-
tend itself elsewhere.
The plan we submitted could
not have hurt any one. 1t was
motivated by the hope of lifting
the darkest cloud that hangs
over mankind. It's initial di-
mansions were not sufficient to
impair the military capability of
the Soviet Union, and there was
no apparent reason for its re-
lection. Above all, it was a
practicable, easily workable plan,
not dependent on elaborate sur
VIGILANCE.
Nevertheless, the proposal was
in effect rejected by the Soviet
Union last April. It's rejection
was not because Of any alleged
defects in the plan itself. Any
such would certainly have been
negotiable. The Soviet position
was in effect to say-we will not
cooperate to develop peacetime
uses of atomic energy unless it
is first Of all agreed to renounce
all those uses of atomic energy
which provide the free nations
with their strongest defense
against aggression.
To date, the Soviet govern
ment has shown no willingness
to participate in the implement
tation of President Eisenhower's
plan except on this completely
unacceptable condition. Yester-
day. when it was known that I
would speak on this topic today,
the Soviet Union broke a five
months silence by delivering a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-24

note affirming its readiness to
talk further. But the note still
gave no indication that the
U. S: S. r. had receded from
its negative position.
The United States remains
ready to negotiate with the
Soviet Union. But we shall no
longer suspend our efforts to
establish an international atomic
agency.
The United States is deter
mined that President Eisenhow-
er's proposal shall not languish
until it dies. 1t will be nurtured
and developed. We shall press
on in close partnership with
those nations which, inspired by
the ideals of the United Nations
Charter, can make this great
new force a tool of the humani-
tartan and of the statesman,
and not merely fearsome addi-
ton to the arenal of war.
The United States is proposing
an agenda item which will en-
able us to report on our efforts
to explore and develop the vast
of atomic energy. These efforts
have been and will be directed
primarily toward the following
ends:
/. The creation of an inter-
national agency, whose initial
membership will include ma
tionS from all regions of the
world. 1t is hoped that such an
agency will start it's work as
early as next year.
2. The calling of an inter-
national scientific conference
to consider this whole vast sub
ject, to meet in the spring of
1855 under the auspices of the
United Nations.
8. The opening early next
year, in the United States, of
a reactor training school where
students from abroad may
learn the working principles of
atomic energy with specific re-
gard to its peacetime uses.
4. The invitation to a sub
stantial number of medical
and surgical experts from
abroad to participate in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-24

the spirit Of fellowship which
gave it birth, should serve once
and for all to end the myth that
there is inherent incompatibility
between East and West, The
peoples of Asia who are already
free, or who seek freedom. need
not remain weak, divided and
unsupported in the face of the
new imperialism which has al
ready reduced to colonial servi-
tude 800 million people, of what
were once is truly independent
nations.
ATOMIC ENERGY.
The past year has been marked
by intensive efforts in the field
of atomic energy. The United
States has sought to share its
commanding position in this
field in ways that would permit
many to join in great new adj
venture in human welfare. We
hoped to turn atomic energy
from being an instrument of
death into a source of the en-
richment or life.
I wildly recall December 8.
1858, when we here heard Presi-
dent Eisenhower propose that
the nations possessing atomic
material should cooperate under
the auspices of the United Ma
tons to create a world atomic
bank into which they would each
contribute fashionable material
which would then be used for the
purposes of productivity rather
than destruction.
I shared the drama of that
moment and sensed the univer-
sal applause which then greeted
that proposal-applause which
echoed around the world.
Because it seems that often
times negotiations publicly con-
Quoted with the Soviet Union
tend to become propaganda con-
tests, President Eisenhower pro-
posed that these new negotia-
tons should be privately con-
Quoted. The United States, after
consultation with others, then
submitted a concrete, detailed
proposal to carry out President
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-24

work Of our cancer hospitals
in which atomic energy tech
niques are among the most
hopeful approaches to con-
trolling this menace to man
kind.
I would like to make perfectly
clear that our planning excludes
no nation from participation in
this great venture. As our pro-
posals take shape. all nations
interested in participation and
willing to take on the RESPONSE
bilities Of membership will be
welcome to join with us in the
planning and execution Of this
program.
Even though much is denied
us by Soviet negation. neverthe-
less much remains that can be
done. There Is denied the i'm
menSe relaxation of tension
which might have occurred had
the Soviet Union been willing to
begin to cooperate with other
nations in relation to what offers
so much to fear and so much to
hope. Nevertheless, there is
much to be accomplished in the
way of economic and humane
tartan gains. There is no miracle
to be wrought overnight. But a
program can be made and vital
lied to assure that atomic energy
can bring to millions a better
way of life. To achieve that re-
suit is our firm resolve.
LIMITATION OF ARMAMENT.
Closely allied to this question
of peaceful uses of atomic en-
ergy is the whole vast and COM
pick question of disarmament.
At this Assembly last year the
United States affirmed its ardent
desire to reduce the burden Of
armament. I stated here that
the United States would vigor-
ously carry forward the techni-
cal studies on armament control
and limitation which are vital to
any solution of this problem.
Last spring the United States
participated in discussions in
London with the Soviet Union,
Continued on Page 40, Col. 81
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-24

we possess in favor of a peaceful
solution of the Korean problem,
and we have not lost faith that
this solution is possible.
SOUTHEAST ASIA.
At the Geneva Conference the
belligerents in Indo-China also
dealt with the problem of peace.
An eight-year conflict Of mount
ing intensity was brought to a
close. We can all rejoice that
there has been an end to the
killing. On the other hand, we
cannot shut our eyes to the fact
that several hundred thousand
in North Wet Nam have at their
desire been transferred to nom
Communist areas, and that there
still remain millions unwillingly
subject to an alien despotism. In
this case, an end to fighting has
been bought at a heavy price.
and the final result is still
obscure.
One result, however, has been
the driving home to the nations
interested in Southeast Asia Of
the Importance of a collective
organization for defense against
further aggression. At Manila
this month, eight nations met
and negotiated and signed a
treaty calling for collective de-
Tense against aggression.
The Manila pact constitutes
significant action taken under
the Charter of the United Ma
tions. which recognizes the in
herent right of individual and
collective self-defense. Those
who cry out when others exer-
else their inherent right of self
defense only expose their own
aggressive purposes.
EXPERIMENTATION.
The Manila conference did
much more than extend the area
Of collective security. It adopted
the Pacific Charter. Thereby,
the eight nations-ASian and
on-Asian-which met at Mani
la proclaimed in ringing terms
the principles of self-determina-
ton, self-government, and in
dependence. This charter, and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-24

Union improvised a new condi-
ton. 1t said that it would not
free Austria from Soviet occupa-
ton until German peace treaty
was concluded.
There cannot be a German
peace treaty until Germany is
united. So, Austria continues to
be an indefinitely occupied
nation. Nevertheless. here again,
we do not accept as final
the denial of justice to
unhappy Austria - the first
victim of Hitherto agrees
sion and the object of the 1943
Moscow pledge of freedom and
independence. The three West
ern powers, constant in the spirit
Of peace, have again within re-
cent days urged that the Soviet
Union sign the Austrian state
treaty as deed which, far more
than platitudinous words, will
show whether other matters can
fruitfully be discussed.
EUROPEAN UNITY.
The problem of peace in Eu-
rope has become more compli-
Gated because of the recent set
back to the contamination of
the European Defense Commu-
nifty. That concept came from
recognition that the best guar
antee of permanent peace in
Europe was an organic unity
which would include France and
Germany. Also, If this unity
merged the military forces of
these two and other European
countries. that would assure
their non-aggressive character.
Such forces would clearly be UNI
available except as the whole
community recognized the need
for defensive action.
The votes of Communist dep
uties more than accounted for
the parliamentary ma jority
which in one country shelved the
EDO. Thus, they acted to per-
petuate European divisio n s
which have recurrently bred
wars.
However, the free nations con-
cerned do no accept with resig-
nation the perpetuation Of what,
historically. has been the world S
worst fire hazerd. They are alert
to the peril and are working ac-
lively to surmount it.
KOREA.
Last year, when I spoke here
about Korea, I was able to re-
port an armistice. That, I said.
was not because the Communist
aggressors loved peace, but be-
cause they had come up against
an effective military barrier. I
went on to say. 1.-THE Korean
political conference, if the Com
munistS come to 1t, will afford a
better test" It took seven
months of ardueus negotiation
to bring about the political con-
ference. When it occurred at
Geneva, the United Nations side
PROPOSED the unif1cation of Korea
on the basis of free all-Korean
elections to be supervised by the
United Nations. This proposal
was rejected by the Communist
side. They insisted that the
United Nations must itself be
treated as an instrument of ag-
erosion, and be debarred from
any further activity in Korea.
| This counterproposal, insulting
to the United Nations, was
unanimously rejected by those
who proudly hailed the Korean
action of the United Nations as
the first example in all history
of an international organization
which had in fact acted effective
ly against armed aggression.
The United States does not
believe that the unification OF
Korea must await another war.
| VIC = VA nvnrfal oI1 thu VaA,SAxnn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-09-24
BY The Asseeioisd Press

UNITED NATIONS. N. Y,
Sept. 24.-The tert OF Secre-
tary OF State Dulles policy
address before the United Ma
ttons General Assembly.
PARTNERSHIP FOR PEACE.
come to this opening of the
ninth General Assembly with a
deep sense of significance of this
occasion. This annual gather
ing of the representatives of go
nations representing mankind's
most hopeful effort to achieve
peace with justice. Here is made
manifest the close interdepend-
ence of today's world, and also,
the vast opportunity. for con-
structive results which lie in
good partnership efforts.
THE NATURE OF PEACE.
The people Of the United
States believe Fundamentally in
the purposes and principles set
out in the Charter of the United
Nations.
That document marks a mile
stone in the understanding of
the nature of peace, it recognizes
that peace Is not a passive con-
cept, but a call to action. 1t is
not enough to dislike war and
to denounce it. War has been
hated throughout the ages. Yet
war has been recurrent through
out the ages. One reason is that
men have never put into the
winning of peace efforts COM
parable to those which they put
into the winning of a war.
Mankind will never have last
ing peace so long as men reserve.
their full resources for tasks of
war. To preserve peace, and to
do so without the sacrifice of
essential freedoms, requires con-
slant effort, sustained courage
and at times a willingness to
accept grave risks. That is the
true spirit of peace.
During the past year, many
nations have actively worked to-
gether on behalf of just and
durable peace. There have been
moments when, it seemed, the
scales between general war and
peace were precariously bal
anced. that hazardous equation
still exists. But at least we see
the hazard and strive to shift
the balance in favor of peace.
The efforts of the past year
are not to be appraised merely
by whether they in fact pro-
duced concrete settlements. The
making of intelligent, resolute
and united efforts for just
settlements has itself con-
tributed to peace. It shows a
dynamic spirit and a vigilance
which are a warning to any
potential aggressor.
In the past. peace has often
been lost by default. That, let
us resolve, shall not happen
again.
I cannot. of course, touch on
all of the manifold activities
which have recently occurred
within and without this organi-
cation. I shall focus mainly on
political efforts with which my
own country was associated as
an active partner. -
The Organization Of American
States.
Let me first speak of the
Organization Of American States,
The inter-American system rests
on q long tradition of co-opera-
ton for freedom and peace in
this hemisphere. Faithfulness
to that tradition, and pride in
1t, have served to spare this
hemisphere from such wars as
have tragically ravaged Europe
and Asia during the last century
and more. Last March, the