davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-05-12
Constantine Brown

The Defense Department
probably will have to reap
praise its budgetary estimates
for the Army and ask Congress
to restore most Of the $6 bill
lion which has been cut from
that department. This cut
also involves a reduction of the
Army's strength by about
three divisions. an economy
decision which in the light of
present international develop
ments appears short-sighted. :
The new tension caused by
the situation in the Far East
apparently unforeseen when
the 1855 budget was drafted
may necessitate an upward re-
vision Of our ground forces.
Secretary Of State Dulles is
at present busy trying to align
other nations interested in the
South Pacific in q defensive
alliance Of the NATO type.
There is every indication the
free Asiatic nations are eager
to join such an organization.
Britain and France are still
doubtful. They have decided
to sit it out pending the
Geneva discussions for an
armistice or a peace in Indo-
China.
Our policy makers believe
that regardless of the outcome
of that parley we and the free
ASiatics-who may be joined
by Australia and New Zealand
will be compelled to organize
in an alliance to stem the
Communist offensive.
Everything reported back to
Washington from Geneva
points to a determined drive
by the Communists, spear
headed by Soviet Foreign Min
lister Molotov, to place the free
or nom Communist peoples Of
Southeast Asia under the
Communist yoke. This we
cannot tolerate for interna-
tional and national reasons.
The free Asiatics who realize
the deadly Communist threat
are anxious to join us.
Besides the grave situation
in the South Pacific, the little
mentioned Korean situation.
also gives us cause for concern.
Evening star., 1954-05-12

TALLY powerful. rich, and tech
nologically advanced, can lead
others If it cannot govern it
self. An administration which
is afraid of a handful of willfuf
men and whose President does
not, to quote Mr.. Truman's
words, for once true and neces-
sary, have authority in his own
house, will not be accepted as
a leader by others.
If France had won in Indo-
China, it would have been that
miracle that Paul Reynaud
uselessly invoked on the eve
of the fall of France in 1910.
For France cannot govern
herself. And if the United
States can pull the free world
together, it will be another
miracle. because it's Govern.
ment cannot pull itself to-
gether.
Leadership. like charity. be-
gins at home. What is most
necessary at this moment is
to set our own house in order.
lest all the houses stable to the
conditions of this house fall
away.
This country is indulging in
the luxury of circuses it cannot
afford, nor is it the first time
that a world power has done
so, to it's tragic undoing.
Evening star., 1954-05-12

=, ously in evidence south of the
border.
IT see little to be gained by
Canada lecturing a restless,
powerful. and divided neighbor
to the south.
II do think it should be re-
iterated and in a nice, friendly,
but firm manner, that Canada
does not propose to be COM
mitted in advance to any ac-
ton that may arise from the
diverse attitudes and peculiar
circumstances south of the
49th parallel.
while the damage inherent
in a divided Western world is
obvious, false semblance of
unity and a failure to give fair
warning, well in advance, that
We disaSsociate ourselves from
the ineptness Of any sort of
Las Vegas slot-machine di-
plomacy. would be at least
equally hazardous. Until this
generous and impulsive giant
can himself resolve his per-
plexity and gain his equilibrium
in bewilderingly complex
and potentially explosive world,
a watchful and friendly neigh
bor should not withhold an
occasional cold towel from a
fevered brow"
At present Mr.. Dulles is
trying to rally the nations
not yet committed to COM
munism and the Russian al
lance to a common and uni
fed defense of the rest Of
Southeast Asia. He is trying
to do so in the face OF a Bit
ter but not ignominious French
defeat at Dien Bien Phu. In
Washington hope is expressed
that the gravity Of the situa-
ton in Indo-C China and the
heroism of Gen. Christian de
Castries' last stand may in
Spire and heighten the morale
of the French people.
The correspondents, writing
from Paris. record rather bit
terneSs. disgust with the gov
ernment. and a tendency to
look for a Scapegoat. One re-
ports that if France had, in
this moment, one strong leader,
he could rally France. But
there is no such leader on the
horizon.
But where is a strong leader
in the free world? What of
the United States on whom
all else depends? Who, in the
present moment. can hope for
steadfastness OF purpose here?
regret to have to agree
with my Canadian correspond
ent's picture of the United
States, and to add explicitly
what is implicit in his letter.
No nation. however poten-
Evening star., 1954-05-12
Thon1os L Stokes-
Ex-President q Valuable Critic
Harry Truman Goes to Heart of Serious Problem
In Pointing to Encroochments on the Executive

had been decreed from the
White House itself. The first
victim was the State Depart
ment which had its day-or
days-last year with Senator
McCarthy's attack on the
Voice of America and the
furore over book k-burnings" in
State Department libraries
overseas. Then. when this hole
ran dry, the Senator moved
his dynamite over to the
Pentagon.
On broader front was the
assault on the powers of the
presidency at the beginning
of this session in the guise of
the Bricker amendment de-
signed to clip the Presidents
power in the conduct Of for
eign affairs. The President was
barely saved from a bad de-
feat there. Before that, at the
first session of this SD Con-
gress, was the vain but noisy
and blatant attempt by the
Mccarthy clique. which num-
bers about a dozen in the Sen
ate. to reject the nomination
Of Charles Bohlen as Ambas-
sador to Russia.
But. back Of all that was the
Presidents very earnest as
surance when he assumed Of
flee. and even before, that Con-
gress would again be restored
to equal partnership" with the
Executive. This was immedi-
ately interpreted by Congress
as a surrender and as license
for it to move in and assume
dominance in government.
That has been happening in
q way not seen around here
since the early 1920s when the
senatorial clique that NOM
mated Warren G. Harding un,
Evening star., 1954-05-12
Nine Men Evaded
STA Million Taxes,
Grand JuryCharges

Nine men were indicted in New
York yesterday on charges in
volving evasion of STA million
in income taxes in what Govern
ment officials said was possibly
! the largest such case in history
Among them were Hymar
Harvey Klein, who told a House
committee in 1852 he parlayeo
$1,000 in cash into a SIS million
profit and his attorney, Ellis
Rosenberg of 60O9 New Hamp-
shire avenue NE. Mr.. Rosen-
berg currently is a patient at
Emergency Hospital.
All of the indictments involved
profits from liquor deals in
World War II and postwar years
when whisky was scarce.
In 1948 the Government had
slapped 81 million in jeopardy
tax assessments against Klein
He denied before the House Tax
Inquiry Committee that he ever
asked Senator Bridges, Repub-
lican, Of New Hampshire or
Henry Grunewald, a mysterious,
influential figure here at the
time, to intervene in his tax
troubles.
Baltimore Liquor Dealer.
Other witnesses said that Sem
ator Bridges made inquiries at
the Internal Revenue Service
about Klein's case. He is
charged in yesterdays indict-
ment with failing to pay $4.4
million in income taxes for 1914
through 1916, while a LIQUOR
dealer in Baltimore.
Others indicted were Klein's
brother, Isidore j. Klein: Al
bert McLennan and George
Morgan. all Of Vancouver, British
Columbia: Maurice Haas. attor.
ney and certified public account
ant, Mount Vernon. N. Y; Nor
ris o. Alprin of Brooklyn, N. Y:
Irving A. Koerner of Great Neck.
N, Y. and Albert Roer of Brook
lyn.
The indictment charged ISL
dore Klein, McLennan and
Morgan with conspiracy to evade
payment of $13 million in in
come taxes for 1914 through
1916.
Charged With Conspiracy.
All nine were charged with
conspiracy to evade payment of
income taxes by forming foreign
corporations in Cuba and
Panama to receive profits from
sale OF Harwood's whisky in the
United States.
Each defendant, if convicted
on all five counts of the indict-
ment, could draw up to Is years
IN prison and a maximum fine
of $4,000.
Evening star., 1954-05-12

This comes close to challenging
the true meaning Of the Ameri-
can pronouncement and, when
matters get so close to the
edge Of war. it is natural for
the Eisenhower administration
to begin considering ways and
means Of meeting such a
: challenge.
It can readily be imagined
what Gen. Eisenhower would
say to Congress. He would
naturally remind the American
people that the armiStice was
signed in Korea>on the assump-
tion that the aggression which
had been repelled there would
not now be renewed in an
other part Of the Pacific area
with munitions and troops
released by the ending of the
fighting in Korea. Would the
Democrats. whose administra-
ton ordered the defense
against aggression in Korea
in 1850. now back away from
a move to make sure that the
sacrifices which have been
made in that country were
not in vain? Would they ven-
ture to dissent from the judg-
ment of a man whose military
experience led him to conclude
that American interests were
in jeopardy and that the way
to prevent a larger war was to
take timely action now to halt
the further spread of the Com
muniSt armies into the terri
tory of the free world?
It is unlikely-once a deci-
sion to ask for authority to
use our armed forces is pre-
sented to Congressional such
a request would be denied.
Former President Truman was
quoted the other day as say
ing that he didn't ask Con-
gress when he ordered our
forces into Korea, but Gen.
Eisenhower gave the American
people a pledge that he would
not do so without the authority
of congressional resolution.
It is true that Mr.. Truman
considered he did not have to
ask Congress for specific
authority because America had
signed a treaty undertaking to
carry out the obligations of
the United Nations Charter.
But there is no United Nations
relationship to the Indo-
China dispute, unless it be in
the fact that troops taken
Evening star., 1954-05-12
Fletcher KnebeiE
Potomac Fever

Defense Secretary Wilson leaves Far East This
leaves Army Secretary Stevens practically helpless
defend him but the White House.
Committee members again fail to shorten Mccarthy
hearings This is the last time the investigators will
sides equally 1t takes to everybody
at
Secretary Dulles hght--attacked treaty with
Southeast Asia Aside from the war;
eating the last and paying we're usually i-his
is pretty soationS country
Army Secretary Stevens fights infection with penici
lin shots Aha cry the Mccarthy seuthso the enemy
guilty Of germ warfare!
The Government outvng by six years
The women need those extra six yeat takes
to get past 80.
The Defense Department bill to
bueproof vests to criminals. Pentagon all
it can get for the hearings Capitol Hill.
Senator Potter the Mccarthy hearings are competing
with Milton Bere Thank you, Senator Potter-no other
network show is willing to make that confession.
Evening star., 1954-05-12
Thomas L. Stokes

Former President Truman is
likely to become the most ef-
fective critic Of the Eisenhower
administration as an operation
in government.
And, incidentally, the most
constructive and most helpful.
This is, in the first place.
because he has been through
1t all behind the big desk
where Dwight D. Eisenhower
now sits. It is, in the second
place. because he has a knack
of talking in simple terms that
the public can easily grasp.
There is still a third reason.
This is that ex-PreSident Tru-
man has a sympathetic atti-
tude toward his successor and
Is able to impart that convinc-
ingly to those who listen to
him. as have audiences in the
East for the last several days.
He went directly to the
heart Of the present difficulty
In which the administration
1inds itself. This was by point
ing out how the President has
permitted Congress to arrogate
to itself more than its "co-
ordinate share" in government
and to assume the dominant
position or, as Mr.. Truman
phrased 1t. to expand its func-
ions and activities Into the
1ery center Of power Of the
executive branch"
This process and the con-
sequent erosion of the power
Of the presidency that is the
inevitable outcome have been
seen and understood here by
close observers for q long time,
and commented upon with
each development. However,
Mr.. Truman attracted ma
Evening star., 1954-05-12

away from Korea now have
been used for a further ag-
gression against the territory
Of the French Union, which is
a member Of the United
Nations.
The Paris government has
been reluctant to let the matter
go to the United Nations, not
only because it would furnish
a precedent for mischievous
byplay on the Tunisian and
Moroccan issues but because of
the certainty that the question
would merely drag on without
a decision.
Circumstances have arisen,
however, which might make it
desirable for the question to
go to the United Nations after
all, and Gen. Eisenhower
might find it desirable to ask
for a joint resolution from
Congress at the same time.
For. If the Communist aggres-
sion in Indo-C China is to be
halted, it apparently will not
be done at the conference
table here. The Soviet dele
cation shows no signs of mod
Grating the demands Of it's
satellite in Indo- China and
the danger is that, counting
on the recently exhibited weak
ness and diSSension of the
allies, further military moves
will be made by Red China
that would overnight alter the
whole world situation.
Regrettably, military force
is the only language the Com
munists have shown any signs
of respecting. America has no
desire to move alone in these
troublous times but, until the
Congress of the United States
has acted. other nations will
wonder If any such authority
will ever be forthcoming. So,
as a means Of bringing about
a strong united alliance in de-
fenSe Of Indo-C China and in
order to strengthen Americas
hand in negotiations with its
allies by making the words of
warning already given really
meaningful, Gen. Eisenhower
may find he has no other
course but to lay all the facts
before the two houses and
ask for the necessary author
ity to actin cooperation, of
course. with our allies. The
crisis seems nearer than most
people think.
Evening star., 1954-05-12

In order to avert a setback
in Asia. it Is essential, accord
ing to military experts, that
we not only not reduce the
present strength of our ground
forces as provided in the
budget for the next fiscal year
but add from two to four di-
visions to the present force.
Too much reliance has been
placed in the past on the
effectiveness of the Air Force
as a tactical weapon. Its help
in the Korean war was lin
tied. It will be recalled that
when President Truman or
dered Gen. Douglas MacAr-
thur to protect South Korea
it was thought at first that
this could be done with a
small number Of infantrymen
assisted effectively by the Air
Force. The North Koreans
had no aviation of any kind.
There were then no Red
fighter planes in the air. Yet
the Air Force never played
a determining role in the bat
ties in the plains and noun
tainS Of Korea.
The same can be said about
the French aviation in Indo-
China. The Wet Mimi forces
were provided with modern
ground weapons by their
Kremlin masters. The French
were supreme in the air. But
that did not interfere with the
victory of the Wet Mini COM
mand which had numbers on
its side.
Only a well-balanced force
can be successful in modern
wars. Should Secretary Dulles
plans for the creation of a
Pacific alliance be successful,
our military experts believe
we can halt the Reds if we
have the Asiatic manpower.
trained by American teams
and supported by American
air and naval power. But in.
order to avert costly setbacks,
it is essential that our ground
forces be sufficiently strength
ened to provide the necessary
backbone to these younger"
armies.
Evening star., 1954-05-12

comments on what he conSid-
ers the Presidents failure to
uphold Gen. Marshall in cam
paign relationships with Sena-
tors Mccarthy and Jenner.
Mr.. Truman venerates Gen.
Marshall and fights battles
: for him that Gen. Marshall
: majestically disregards as not
worth his while.
If Mr.. Truman would cast
his mind back, however, he
might remember that some of
his White House staff came
between him and people who
could have been his friends.
A possible intermediary be-
tween ex-PHSident Truman
and President Eisenhower is
George Allen. It is interesting
that Mr.. Truman was bella
bored numerically for his con-
facts with this most
POLITICAL lawyer in recent his
tory, while President Eisen-
hower's much closer personal
friendship with him-which
extends to Mrs. Eisenhower
and Mrs. Allen-goes virtually
unnoticed The Aliens are the
favored companions of the
EisenhowerS' idle hours.
This is personal history
and personalities, of course,
often determine political his
tory. But what is of immediate
practical moment is that Mr..
Truman's gripes are the gripes
of q congressional minority
whose power to make or break
the Eisenhower program has
repeatedly been demonstrated.
Evening star., 1954-05-12
Dorothy Thompson
DorothY Thonpson-
Caution North Of the Border
Canadian Warns His Nation Must Beware Of FoIIowno
Y. S., Torn by an Anarchy of Attitude and Action

A few days ago I received
letter from a Canadian, per-
sonally unknown to me, in
closing a carbon copy of a
letter he had just addressed
to an influential member of his
own government. This COM
munication, which comes from
a person deeply concerned
about the condition of the
West. and from the country
most friendly to the United
States, and most closely tied
for better or worse to our own
destiny. confirms other letters
which ! have been receiving
from European countries, and
editorials that have appeared
in European newspapers and
publications. It is only. and
perhaps because it was never
written for publication, more
fortnight than these. Some
Of my readers are not going to
like it, but it is, I think, high
time that we became aware Of
reactions elsewhere in the free
world, to which our northern
neighbOr certainly, and indeed
eminently, belongs.
During the past few weeks"
writes my correspondent to a
member of his government, II
have been concerned, not
about what the United States
as a nation might do. but
what half-a-dozen individuals
in high places might touch off.
Neither the American people
nor their administration is war
eager or trigger happy. What
concerns me is, instead, a lack
of national purpose and unity;
an anarchy of attitude and
action on both national and
international levels.
Senator McCarthy's follow
ing is not, as I see it, an
indication of cCarthy's
strength, but rather an indi-
cation of weakness Of those
who might conStructively .op-
pose him. It is the semi
vacuum he operates in. that
makes him loom so large.
Secretary of State Dulles
brittle announcements seem,
from this distance. neither the
considered opinion Of a rea-
Sonably united administration
nor an expression of the pop
ular will Of the people. Under
such circumstances, a few lit
terry, stubborn or overt indi-'
viduals reaching for the con-
trolls might precipitate a con-
flagration that could become
rapidly beyond their intention
or control. to involve the en-
tire world.
Soviet and other Commu-
mist propagandists see. or pur-
port to see. a conspiracy Of
warmongers directing United
States Of America inner circles
Of business and government.
This I do not see at all. Ef-.
fective conspiracy requires
some calm examination Of the
facts. some unity Of purpose,
and a degree Of compromise
and discipline not conspicu-
Evening star., 1954-05-12
Gen. Clark Is Honored
By 33d-Deqree Musons
By the Asseeiotsd Press

BOSTON. May 12.-Gen. Mark
Clark yesterday was presented
with the Gourgas Medal, the
highest honorary decoration of
the Supreme Council 33d Degree,
for the Northern Masonic juris-
diction of the United States.
The medal was conferred Gin
recognition of notably distin-
guished service in the cause of
freemasonry. humanity or coun-
try"
The medal, given to only six
others previously, is named
for John James Joseph Gourgas,
33d degree. the dominant mem
ber Of a group which in 1913
established the Northern Su-
preme Council with jurisdiction
over Is States east of the Mis-
sissippi and north of the Ohio
Rivers. The present member
ship is about half a million.
Evening star., 1954-05-12
Export and Import Drop
In First Quarter Reported
By the Associoted Press

The Commerce Department
says United States exports, in
Guiding shipments of military
aid. during the first quarter of
this year were 13 per cent less
than in the first three months
Of 1858. and that imports during
the same period were 10 per cent
less than a year before.
During the first quarter of
1854. exports totaled 1894 200 =
900 compared with 1882 500, 900
in the first quarter of 1853. Ship
ments abroad of military gift
aid amounted to $557 100000 in
the first quarter of 1854, COM
pared with $3.50. 200 900 in the
three months of 1858.
With military aid shipments
taken out of the export total.
exports in the first quarter of
the year were 5 per cent less
than in the first quarter of 1858.
Imports during the first quar-
ter of this year totaled $2,499.-
100000, compared with $2,782,-
900, 900 in the first three months
of 1858.
Evening star., 1954-05-12
Doris FIeeson-
7 Trunnon's Criticism| |sDenocrots'
ExPresident Warnings Viewed Representing Feelings
Of Party, Whose Partial Support Eisenhower Needs

The Importance to President
Eisenhower of Harry Truman's
warnings on policy is that in
them Mr.. Truman well and
truly expressed the misgivings
of a bare congressional mi
nority. without whose partial
support no Eisenhower pro-
gram can succeed.
Men as important to the
White House as House Leader
Rayburn and all the Demo-
cratic members of the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee
have said privately-and sui
phurously - everything Mr..
Truman has now said publicly.
Their distrust is aimed
chiefly at Attorney General
Brownell in his capacity as
impreSario Of the Harry Dex-
ter White show. Their appre-
tensions were the reason Ma
tional Ch q irm a n Mitchell
warned the Democratic Ma
tional Committee that "WaSh-
ington is full of rumors that
we are again to be attacked as
traitors"
Apparently it is not in the
cards for Presidents to talk to-
gether in faith and trust de-
spite past closeness of their
contacts.
Personal relations between
Gen. Eisenhower and his pred
eceSSor have been strained
ever since the 1852 campaign.
The President resented Mr..
Truman'S attacks on him then,
so much that a marked chill
pervaded their enforced in
Evening star., 1954-05-12

auguration contacts. It was
relieved only after Mr.. Tru-
man confessed, in answer to
a speculation on Gen. Eisen-
hower'S part, that it was he
who ordered Maj. John Eli
senhower back from the Far
East to see his father take the
oath of Office.
Since then Mr.. Truman, on
his frequent Washington visits,
has never been invited to the
White House by the Chief Ex-
-ecutive who was appointed by
him as Army Chief of Staff
and Supreme Commander of
NATO. And though probably
the President never knew it,
his aides also rebuffed an ef-
fort Mr.. Truman once made to
welcome Gen. Eisenhower to
Kansas City.
With his restricted contacts,
a President is peculiarly sus-
ceptible to the exacerbations
of his resentments against pol
iticians and persons. For ex-
ample, the President told a
mutual friend that one reason
he accepted Mrs. Roosevelt's
resignation from the United
Nations was that she had gos-
siped unkindly about Mrs. Eli
senhower. Mrs. Roosevelt in
the gossip role, especially
where women are concerned, is
inconceivable to her friends.
Yet the President clearly be-
lieYed it and was indignant.
1t is possible that President
Eisenhower has had repeated
to him Mr.. Truman's scathing
Evening star., 1954-01-15

Easy to reach from all ports
of town. Just ocross the Ben
ming Rood Bridge and | block
to the right.