davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31
Moneuver

The Bricker forces opened the
week with firm stand of mo
COMPROMISED" The Senator said
he would accept different wording,
but no weakening of his amend
ment.
Senator Knowland, speaking for
the administration, already had
offered one substitute as a COM
promise. It would provide that
treaty could not be unconstitu-
tional, direct roll-call vote on
Senate approval of a treaty, and
permit the Senate to require ap-
propriate congressional legislation
to make treaties effective as in
ternal law. The latter is power
the Senate already has and fire.
quently exercises.
Senator Bricker said the Know
land substitute was not enough.
Then the Democrats put out a
helping hand. Senator George of
Georgia offered another substitute.
It would specify that any inter-
national agreement-not Just
treaty-would have to conform to
the Constitution and that special
act of Congress would be manda-
tory to implement the domestic eff
fects Of an international agree
ment other than a treaty.
Introduction of the George
amendment made it clear that Mr..
Bricker could not win all his OBJ
jectives. President Eisenhower's
Endorsement of the Knowland sub
stitute would take away some of
Bricker's Republican supporters;
the George substitute would wean
away most Democrats.
Majority Leader Knowland tried
the rest Of the week to get the
principals to agree on a substitute
along the lines Of his and Georges
suggestions. Senator Bricker was
having none of it, however.
Meanwhile, Senate votes were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31

TINE BIG FOUR foreign minis
Il ters' conference which opened
in Berlin last week had at least
one characteristic that might be
termed virtue: It was going no
where fast. And that was much
to be preferred over going nowhere
slowly, as the last six Big Four
meetings had done.
The man who said, 1.-THE more
things change, the more they re-
main the same" could well have
been thinking Of East-West rela-
tions. For although there was an
element of dispatch about the
meetings, it was merely quick
agreement to disagree. And dis
agreement has been plaguing the
worlds two big power blocS since
the end of World War II.
But at least this time the Amer
lean people and their West Euro
pean friends have been carefully
prepared to expect little. Ever
since the Big Three Bermuda con-
ference, western public opinion has
been warned about a deadlock.
They were unusually well on the
way to getting it last week. What
to do with Germany, the sadly
worn core of the dispute, was still
there, insoluble as ever.
The West wants a free Germany,
united and brought into the West
ern camp. The Kremlin wants
Germany neutralized, and, If pos
sible, oriented toward Moscow
but in any event weak enough so
that the Soviet Union can walk
over her when the time comes.
Both sides think giving in to the
others view would be serious de-
feat. To avoid it they have done
nothing for several years. Last
week, it looked as if that was what
they expected to continue doing.
The propaganda, meanwhile,
flowed like vodka.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31

Governments mortgage buying &C
tiyity; continue grants and loans
to local areas for slum clearance;
increase presidential authority to
adjust mortgage payment terms on
Federal loans and start an expert
mental" program of long-term
home purchase loans with small
down payments.
Adoption of the construction
program would call for a shift
in congressional sentiment Last
years request for $4,000 units was
approved by the Senate, but the
House voted for none at all.
Finally, a compromise of 10000
was agreed upon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31
Congress! 6!

TOR ONE of the few times in his
l. tempestuous career, Red-hunt-
ing Senator Joe Mccarthy of Wis
consin retreated last week. The
effect was almost as unusual as it's
cause: Tranquility in the Perma-
nent Subcommittee on InveStiga-
tons. The Democratic minority
Senators Mcclellan of Arkansas,
Jackson of Washington and
Symington of Missouri who
walked out a year ago in protest
over Senator McCarthy's "one-man
rule" returned to the fold.
They had resigned when the
Republican majority voted the
chairman sole right to hire and
fire all committee employees includ-
ing the minority staff.
The walkout left the subcom-
mittee without minority party
representation This, Senator Nc
Carthy himself admitted, was "a
dangerous precedent" But he in
sisted that absolute authority over
the entire committee was the
chairman's right.
Last week, peace came with the
Wisconsin firebrand still asserting
this right, but agreeing anyway to
give the minority the right to hire
its own counsel and clerical help,
simply in the interests of harmony.
The reconciliation came soon
after issuance of a 20,000-word re-
port (signed by Chairman McCar-
thy only on the subcommittee
work in 1858. The report covered a
vast territory including communis-,
tic trends and bureaucratic inefi-
cheney.
But its chief fire was aimed at
what the Senator likes to call
fifth amendment Communists"
those witnesses who hide behind
the Constitution on grounds of
possible Standardization.
One member of the Mccarthy
group, Everett M. DirkSen of ILL
nois, has prepared bill calling for
the mandatory firing of any Gov
eminent employe using the fifth
amendment. There already is an
executive order on the books label
ing such a refusal to testify as
ground for dismissal.
Meantime, the Senate was ready
to appropriate almost 100000 for
tracking down Communists during
the coming year.
The Internal Security Subcom-
mittee, headed by Senator Jenner
of Indiana, was voted 1928, 900,
while the Rules Committee recon-
mended the Mccarthy subcommit-
tee be given $4,000. This is an
increase of $4,000 over last year
for the Mccarthy unit. 1t would
be used to hire the counsel and
clerical help for the minority
members which was the cause of
last years fuss.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31
Korea Pact

Sandwiched into the Bricker
amendment debate last week was
a brief action ratifying a treaty
with the Republic of Korea
The pact was, in effect. prom
Use by the United States to come
to the aid of South Korea in case
of another Communist attack. It
would have no effect, Senator
Wiley assured the Senate, If South
Korea attacked the Communists or
if the Rhee government were over
thrown by an internal coup.
Vote on the treaty was 81 to 6.
South Korea already has ratified it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31

. Correct the tax inequities
pointed out by the President.
. Keep existing corporation in
come taxes.
Q But cut excise taxes.
The proposal to reduce excise
taxes would mean a loss of about
81 billion year in revenues. All
excuses, under the plan, would oe
cut to 10 per cent except those on
liquor and tobacco. Most "lux-
uries" now are taxed at 20 per cent.
1t was, in effect, an offer to trade
the President his corporate tax ex-
tension in return for break on
excise taxes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31
Broker

0M OF THE MOST notable
~ things about the "Bricker
amendment" is that almost no one
seems to understand it. And no
wonder. Legal experts have been
disagreed for weeks on the effect
of the proposed amendment to the
Constitution, and Senator Bricker
has claimed that even President
Eisenhower was "misinformed."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31
Opposing Views

BaSically the differences are
these:
Senator Bricker believes there is
a "loophole" in the Constitution
which permits the Federal Govern
ment, through use of the treaty.
making power, to make internal
laws it could not otherwise con-
stitutionally enact. The Senator
believes there is a clear danger
that States rights and civil rights
can be undermined through ire
sponsible use of the treaty power.
President Eisenhower believes
the treaty-making power is not a
danger to our. rights and freedoms
and that no unconstitutional law
can be put on the books through
the treaty route.
The principal arguments pro
and con are marshalled on Page
A-23.
To protect the country against
the danger he sees, Senator Bricker
is pushing adoption of the amend
ment which popularity bears his
name. The first Of the three KEY
sections is this:
"A provision of a treaty which
conflicts with this Constitution
shall not be of any force or effect"
Senator Bricker said this would
make it clear that a treaty, su-
preme law of the land along with
the Constitution and acts of Con-
greSs, cannot be unconstitutional.
His opponents say the courts al
ready have said that treaties must
square with the Constitution.
Therefore, the administration says,
an amendment is unnecessary.
The Which CIouse'
The most controversial section of
the Bricker amendment is the So
called (which clause" It goes like
this:
"A treaty shall become effective
as internal law in the United
States only through legislation
which would be valid in the alb
sence of treaty"
The Senator says this means
that any treaty which would affect
domestic Federal law-for instance
treaty to allot radio broadcasting
channels in this country and
abroad-would first have to pe
ratified and then made into do
nestle law by regular act of both
Houses of Congress, signed by the
President. And treaty which
touched an area reserved by the
Constitution to State jurisdiction
could be operative only in States
which passed special implementing
legislation.
The effect of all this, Mr. Bricker
says, would be to make sure that
an unwanted law could not be
forced on States or the Federal
Government by treaty.
But the administration says the
effect would be to tie diplomacy in
knots; that the mechanism would
be too cumbersome to be practical
in these days Of rapid foreign de-
velopments. And besides, his critics
add, plenty Of safeguards against
abuse OF the treaty-making power
now exist.
The third section Of the Bricker
amendment reads:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31
The Week at Berlin

The first two days were con-.
sumed with opening statements
from the four countries foreign
ministers. In a show of Western
solidarity on Monday, France led
off with a demand for a peace
treaty in Austria and free elections
IN Germany to be followed by a
peace treaty there. Britain Sec
onded the motion.
Then Soviet Foreign Minister
Vyacheslav Molotov played his
usual tune about admitting Red
China into the highest and might
lest circles of world power. He
added some cutting remarks about
the United States and proposed an
agenda: First discussion of q Ave
power conference Of the Berlin
participants plus Red China; Sec
ond, the German question; third,
Austria.
Mr.. Dulles held his peace over
night after the Molotov TRADE
against America, and on Tuesday
morning delivered a sharp mol"
to the Soviet plea for an invitation
to Red China for Big Five con-
ference. Communist China is a
world power all right, Mr.. Dulles
admitted, but cit is one thing
to recognize evil as a fact. It is
another thing to take evil to ones
breast and call it good"
M. Dulles Surprise
At the end of his speech Mr..
Dulles sprang a surprise. He ac-
eepted the Soviet agenda, and the
French and British followed suit.
Herewith Mr.. Molotov was de-
prived Of long hours, maybe weeks
and months Of propagandiStic ar
Hu11aentation,
This move by the West disclosed
q new confidence in its peoples
awareness Of the issues. It risked
the usually ready, If ill-founded,
criticism against accepting any
thing proposed by the Communists.
It also gave the Reds an oppor-
tunity to demand officially and
with Big Four sanction a larger
world role for their big Far Eastern
neighbor.
Mr.. Molotov aired the Soviet pro-
posal at length Wednesday and
the Big Three spent the rest Of
that day and most of Thursday
opposing it.
But the Communists also added
something new. They called for
a new global conference on dis
armament, under United Nations
auspices but not confined to U. N.
members; i.e., it would include Red
China. On Friday, the Big Three
agreed to discuss that proposal
next week, in secret. At the same
time, a French-proposed disarma-
ment plan will be talked over.
There was no more reason to ex-
pect four-power agreement on dis
armament now, however, than
there has been in the lengthy U. N.
talks Of the past.
The Pdyoff
From the western viewpoint, the
first bright note of the conference
was sounded Friday, when the
Vests maneuver accepting the
Red agenda paid on. Mr.. Dulles
took over the Craftsmanship that
day and was able to shut of the
Molotov entreaties on behalf Of
Red China after only two days. He
did it by the simple expedient Of
recognizing first his French col
league, M. George Bidault, and
then the British foreign minister,
Anthony Eden.
Both Of them talked about Ger
many. Thus, after only four days
Of meetings, the discussions were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31

wholesale prices were up 40 per
cent. However, dispoSable personal
income had risen Sc per cent, and
corporate profits after tdres had
increased 48 per cent.
. Still. farmers gripes seemed
justified in light of parity figures.
The farm parity ratio, by last year,
had declined to 80 per cent of its
1916 level.
. Plenty of credit was outstanding
in 1858. The volume of consumer
credit was almost 312 times that
of 1916, and mortgage debt was up
nearly 21a times.
. Deposits and currency in 1858
had risen 10 per cent over the 1916
level, and commercial banks loans
and investments had increased %
per cent.
The lesson to be adduced from
these facts was that things have
long way to go nationally before
they get bad. But the administra-
ton offered in general terms a
program designed to combat a
slump as soon as it begins to show
itself.
No Tinkerine
Gen. Eisenhower ruled out the
possibility that the Government
was going to tinker with the eco
nomic machine before the strategic
moment.
"The Government can greatly
help to maintain prosperity" his
report said. But no govern
ment can of itself create real and
lasting prosperity. A thriving
economy depends fundamentally
on the enterprise of millions of
individuals, acting in their own
interests and in the interests of
their families and communities. ..
1.-THE best service that the Gov
eminent can render to our econ
omy is to create an en-
vironment in which men are eager
to make new jobs, to acquire new
tools of production, to improve or
scrap the old ones. design new
products and develop new markets,
increase efficiency all around, and
thus be able and willing to pay
higher wages and provide better
working conditions"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31
Status of Major Legislation

This chor through Jonuoy 49, 1884, the advancement
a fina decision of these major legislative proposals:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-10
You and
Formers Are Not forgotten InNew Deductions Allowed

be counted in figuring whether
you made a profit on the sale.
Experts believe half a million
farmers will claim new deduc-
tons under the new law. They
figure the farmers will get tax
cuts amounting to SO million
The revenue loss would be great
er. except many farmers pay
little or no income tax already
Aside from his personal ex-
penditures. the law permits a
farmer to deduct special assess
ments by soil and water conser-
walton districts If they are spent
for purposes which would be de-
ductible on the farmers .individ-
ual return.
A farmer can deduct expenses
starting last January /. But he
must decide, in the first year he
pays for such things. whether he
wants to deduct them or. still
follow the old law. Once he re-
ports his decision he can't
change his methed without per-
mission from the Revenue Serv-
ice.
Another tax benefit for farm
ers in the new law provides that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-10

bury and primate Of all Eng
land, issued a statement yes
terday stating there has been no
discussion with other Anglican
churches about the communion
service at Evanston, since the
Protestant Episcopal Church is
naturally the sole authority in
this country"
This is the first Anglican Con-
gress to be held in the United
States, and the first anywhere
since 1908. The congress in
cludes bishops, priests and lay
men as delegates from the IA
branches of the Anglican COM
munion, which regards the
Church of England as the mother
church. The Today meeting.
on matters of common concern
to the communion, ends on Fri
day.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-10

Tor soil or water conservation
in any one year. you can carry
forward the amount over IS per
cent and deuct it on your re-
turn the next year, You can
keep on carrying these expendi-
lures forward as many years as
needed to get your full deduc-
tion--but you still can't deduct
more than 25 per cent of farm
income in any one year.
Soil and water conservation
expenses involve moving or
treating dirt. They can include
such things as leveling, grading
terracing, contour furrowing
construction of diversion chan
neis. drainage bitches. controlling
and protecting Watercourses,
ponds, earthen dams, elimina-
ton of brush or planting of
windbreaks.
In the past. expenditures for
most of these things generally
have been added for tax pur-
poses to the original cost of the
land. Usually no deduction was
allowed for them unless the
land was sold. Then they could
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-10
Not Church Place
To Mould Politics,
AngIicans Are Told
By Cospor Names
Star Sicff Correspondent

MINNEAPOLIS. Mimi, Aug.
i0.-An English church leader
declared today at the Anglican
Congress here that it is not "the
church's task to mould the po-
litical opinions of her members"
nor the church's business ITO act
as though she were herself a
political party"
DR.. Kathleen Bliss of Roches-
ter, England, told the $40 dele
gates of churches in the Angli-
can communicable Episcopal
Church of the United States is
one-that Christ did not die for
one region or one community of
men, nor did He die for the
church.
"He died for the world, that
Is for all men," DR.. Bliss as
serted. This means that the
C11ulCIA WO1AO Ill IGo OWA P1dSC,
knowing that that place and all
the rest Of the world are under
the dominion of Christ"
The English church leader
further contended that Chris
tians in other than Iron Curtain
countries have battle on mans
behalf.
The Right Rev. Henry Knox
Sheriff., presiding bishop of the
Episcopal Church, in a signif1-
cant statement issued yesterday
said the Anglican communion
service will be open to all bap-
tized communicate members Of
other denominations at the Sec
ond assembly of the World
Council of Churches meeting,
starting Sunday at Evanston, Ill.
The Most Rev. Godfrey Fran
els Fisher, Archbishop of Canter-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-10
Philip Arriving Today
Inside Arctic Circle
BY the Associated Press

PORT RADIUM. Northwest
Territory, Aug. 10.-The Duke of
Edinburgh. husband of Queen
Elizabeth II, arrived at. this
Great Bear Lake port last night
after an eigh-hour fight from
Whitehorse, Yukon.
Today the Duke was to proceed
to Coppermine, 140 miles farther
north, where, he will become the
first member of British royalty
TO arrive inside the Arctic Circle.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-10

proceeds from sale or exchange
of diseased livestock are not
taxed If they are reinvested in
livestock within one year.
Farmers also pay no tax on
proceeds from sale of land nee
eSsary to meet acreage limita-
tons under reclamation laws,
provided they invest the proceeds
into more land-presumably in
another reclamation or irriga-
ton district.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-10

sion law. In passing out scores
of tax benefits, Congress didn't
forget the farmer in this con-
gressional election year.
The law permits farmer to
deduct from his income, on tax
returns. many OUTLAWS for soil
or water conservation. Even at
the minimum 20 per cent tax
rate, each 500 in new deduc-
tons means a tax cut of $40.
The deductions for that pur-
pose are limited in any one year
to IS per cent of the taxpayers
gross income from farming. Note
that If you have income aside
from farming. you can't deduct
Is per cent of your total income
If you spend more than Is
per cent Of your farm income
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-10
You and the Tax Low
By chorles +. Barrett
Assoeiosed Press stuft Wr,.e.,

A farmer can now get tax
cut by building himself a pond
or digging a ditch.
This is one Of the special eff
fects Of the huge new tax reyi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-10

Seventh in q Series
Smyrna times., 1954-06-17

afternoon, there is a two hour re-
creation period for individual and
team sports. A roller skating
party will be held at the Merry
land Roller Rink on Monday even
ing.
The state All Dress Review will
be held Tuesday evening at which
time a state winner will be chosen
to represent Delaware in the Ma
tional Review in Chicago in the
fall. Four older club members
from each county will be initiated
into the honorary Order of Links
at a ceremony the same night.
Two other special programs are
planned.
Three top winners from each
county will participate in a talent
show sponsored by the Order of
Links. This will also be held on
Tuesday evening. The state Public
Speaking Contest will be held on
Wednesday morning to select a
state winner from the three coun-
ty winners.
A group picture of all members
Short Course will be
taken. Several of the Campus All
members will be on hand to help
with the program.
Any All club member who will
be IA years of age by July 1 is
urged to attend Short Course.
Local club leaders are invited too,
says Samuel M. Gwinn, state Al
leader. County club agents in
Newark, Dover, and Georgetown
will furnish registration details.
Smyrna times., 1954-06-17
LEADERSHIP WINNERS To
ATTEND CAMP MINIWANCA

State All Leadership winners
Esther Klair of Marshallton and
James Derickson of Marshallton
will represent Delaware at a ma
tional All leadership conference
at Camp Miniwanca, Michigan
during August. These club men,
bers were chosen to attend the
leadership training camp as re-
suit of their interest, participation
and achievement in club work and
activities.
Esther Klair, a member of the
White Oak Club, has been in All
work for 10 years and was a dele
gate to National All Camp last
year. She has exhibited in state
and county fairs and has been ac-
tive in dairy foods demonstrations.
She has taken part in several
judging contests and in county
and state dress reviews.
AS state winner in her room
improvement project, Esther at
tended the National Club Con-
gress. Her other projects includ-
ed yard improvement, health,
clothing, cooking, gardening, froz-
en- foods and personal accounts.
She has been secretary and trea-
surer of the State All Links As
sociation. Now she is serving as
junior leader of the Union 4-H
Club.
James Derickson has been a
member of the White Oak Club
for 8 years. He has served as
president, treasurer and now is
junior leader. He has exhibited in
state and county fairs, participat-
ed in several judging contests and
was state winner in a dairy pro-
duction demonstration. His pro-
jects have been room improve
ment, dairy, field crops and trac-
tor maintenance. He has shown
his leadership ability also in
Grange, church, and Future Farm
ers of America work. Last year
he was chosen as the Diamond
State Farmer in FLA.
Camp Miniwanca, a leadership
training camp located in Shelby,
Michigan is based on a four-fold
development - mental, physical,
social and religious. The purpose
of this four year camp is to train
leaders.
The boys and girls attend camp
at different times. Miss Klair will
attend August 2-15, and Mr.. Der
ickson will go to camp August
1929.