davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
Ieamsters DRAFTING )
Rejection Of AFL-CI0
'No-Raiding' Pact
By the Assoeiossd Press

MIAMI BEACH, Fla, Feb. 10.
The AFL Transfers Union to-
day drafted a rejection of a pro-
posed AFL-CIo mo raiding"
agreement. a move expected to
kill off any early prospects of a
labor merger.
The mo raiding' pact is re-
garded as a necessary first step
toward a merger of the AF'L and
the CIO that would put nearly
Is million members In a single
organization. However. the
teamSters' Executive Board was
due to veto the plan.
Wants More Members.
Dave Beck, teamsters' union
president. is openly ambitious to
swell his unions membership.
already at 100000. He also
was known to believe that sepa-
rate alliances between individ-
ual unions are more likely to
solve union rivalries.
The expected teamsters turns
down Of the AFL-CIO agreement
against raiding-or the practice
of one union winning over al
ready organized members of an
other union-probably would
defeat current moves for labor
peace and efforts for an ALL
CLIO merger.
AFL President George Meany
said here at the AFL Executive
Council meeting last week that
40 of the AFL's ITO unions were
agreeable to signing the pact.
However, teamSters union
sources said several big AFL
unions, other than the teamsters,
were against the plan.
Most of CLIO Seen Willing.
CLIO President Walter Reuther
has said practically all CLIO
unions-except only a few with
less than 2 per cent of CLOS
membership-are willing to go
along with the mo raiding" plan.
Mr.. Beck was reported ready
to contend that Cd other unions
have more than $4,000 members
belonging in teamsters jurisdic-
ton. co the AFL-CIO plan can't
work. and 90 it is illegal under
the Taft Hartley Act.
The plan would require that
the disputes over the right of
unions to organize particular
groups of workers should be de-
cided by a neutral. but Mr.. Beck
is reported convinced unions
would not accept such decisions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18

thought while the correspond
ence was read into the record,
also described his confession as
having been "ridiculous" in every
detail. He said that he had pur-
posely made it that way so that
it would be taken as false and
as having been made under
duresS by the American authori-
ties and the world.
Given Broadcast Transcript.
Gen. Shepherd had sent the
colonel a transcript Of a broad
cast purported to have been
made by Col. Schwable over the
Peiping radio. 1t told of top
secret Joint Chiefs of Staff Or
derS to engage in germ warfare
and how it was carried out.
Col. Paul o. Sherman. Col.
Schwable's counsel. challenged
the introduction of the docu-
mentS. He said their admission
would be against the rules. of
evidence and protested that
Gen Shepherd did not caution
Col. Schwable he was suspected
or accused of any offense" as
required by the Unified Code of
Military Justice.
However, he said he would
waive his objection if the inquiry
body would rule the exchange of
letters would not be admissible
in formal court martial" if one
should result. The courtroom
posed of three Marine major
generals and a Navy medical
admiral-admitted the docu-
mentS but gave no ruling as to
their admiSsibility in a court
martial.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
Economic
Continued From First Page0

March he would institute a
number of measures designed to
improve the economic health, in
Guiding a possible recommended
ton for a new cut in individual
income taxes.
DR.. Nourse said the present
economic readjustment is much
more formidable than mere in
ventory trimming" He said
there were not adequate
grounds" for counting on a re-
covery in the second or third
quarter of this year and that
remedies against further down.
turn though impressive are as
yet unproven and quite difficult
Of application.
He added, he was considerably
"less sanguine" that was the
President in his report to Con-
greSs "as to the prospect of a
spontaneous upturn in business
in the next few months"
The former Government econ
omist was critical of the admin
istration'S new tax program
which gives emphasis to relief of
bushes sand stockholders rather
than to consumers.
Stresses Consumer Buying.
He said that sound economic
strategy for economic stabiliza-
ton and recovery in 1854 would
give maintenance of consumer
buying priority to stimulus TO
plant expansion and moderniza-
ton or the enlargement of profit
incentives to operation"
DR.. Nourse said the President
had not gone far enough in his
proposals for dealing with a
possible recession in the way of
lending Federal aid to the
economy.
Representative Wolcott OF
Michigan, chairman of the joint
committee, said every effort
would be made to have the COM
mittee's report ready by March
l. 1t will contain the members
appraisal of the economic stu
alton and recommendations for
legislation held necessary to meet
1t. Mr.. Wolcott believes, how
ever, that the present business
downturn is near an end and
the spring months will bring a
definite improvement in the en-
ployment situation.
Pleased by Tax Scheme,
Several members of Congress
today commended Gen. Essen
hownr's determination to ACT
=
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
By l. Edqor Prina

The number of revealed loyalty
dismissals in Federal agencies
climbed to 40 today as Senator
PaStore, Democrat, of Rhode
Island demanded that the ad-
ministration make public at the
earliest moment the breakdown
of alleged security risk cases now
being undertaken by the Civil
Service Commission.
Commerce Department figures
were the latest to be announced,
like the others, in hearings of a
House appropriations subcom-
mittee. Assistant Secretary
James c. Worthy testified that of
1872 persons fired or forced to
resign for security reasons last
year. % were accused of alleged
subversion or disloyalty."
This was by far the largest
number of loyalty cases listed
by any agency to date. 1t rep
resents approximate II per cent
of all Commerce Department
security separations and more
than doubles the II loyalty cases
unofficially reported for the
State Department. Previously,
the Treasury Department re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18

swiftly if the economic situation
weakened further next month.
But some of them, as we'll as
labor organization spokesman
suggested specific moves at once.
Senator Flanders, Republican,
of Vermont described the Eisen-
hover promise as lust right" He
said he was especially impressed
by Gen. Eisenhower's previous
recommendations designed to in
crease business by giving some
tax relief to corporations and in
veStors.
Senator Ferguson, Republican,
of Michigan agreed with Gen.
Eisenhower that March will be
the key month in showing the
economic trend. The Michigan
Senator said he personally be-
lieves March will show. an i'm
provement in the economic stu
alton, specifically in his own
State where some automobile
manufacturers have laid off largs
numbers of workers.
But if March does not show
an upward trend. Senator Fer
guson added, he would be willing
to support some emergency moves
such as public works projects.
Labor Men Ask Speed.
Representative Boiling, Demo-
crat, Of Missouri, told reporters
he believes that it is as import
ant to give greater tax relief to
consumers as to businesses and
investors. He urged that income
tax exemptions be raised. excise
taxes cut, and public works pro-
grams speeded up as the most
effective way of increasing con-
sumption.
Statements by CIO President
Walter Reuther and AFL Presi-
dent George Meany to the Joint
committee earlier yesterday
! turned out to have a close bear
ing on Gen. Eisenhower's re-
marks at his news conference
| Mr.. Meany urged Congress to act
promptly on moves to bolster
consumer buying power" and
halt the present recession"
| Mr.. Reuther, voicing worry
over the rise in unemployment
declared the problem is real. ii
is here now and it is inexcusable
in a country like ours"
Tax Relief Mentioned.
Gen. Eisenhower indicated that
further relief of individual in
come taxpayers, as means OF
increasing purchasing power. will
4 be one of the measures recon-
mended if the expected drop in
unemployment does not take
place in March.
He was asked at his news
conference If he thought the eco
nomic downturn had reached q
point where consumers should
get larger tax concessions than
the program he suggested to
Congress called for.
The President replied that
March should be the key month
That is the time employment
normally begins to pick up.
If that doesn't prove true thi.
time. Gen. Eisenhower contin.
ued, the Government would have
definite warning that would cal
for institution of a number 0.
measures. He added tax reduc'
ton possibly would be one o.
the first considered. He WASH
| certain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
Senator Carlson to Talk
At Frederick Dinner
By The Assoeio,ed Press

FREDERICK, Md, Feb. 18.-
Senator Carlson. Republican. of
Kansas will speak at the annual
Washington Birthday banquet
here Saturday night. About 500
Republicans are expected to at
tend.
Both of Maryland Senators
have been invited, as have At
torney General Edward D. E,
Rollins and National Committee
man p. Eldred Rinehart. Repre-
sentative Hyde.j Republican. of
Maryland, will be POSTMASTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
German Lows Yield
New Juwbreuker
BY the Associated Press

BONN.-German fondness for
big words has resulted in this
beauty:
"Kriegsgefangenenentschaedi-
gungSgeSetZ."
1t was published in the gov
ernment's official book of new
laws, and means claw to provide
compensation for former prison.
ers of war" e.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
Repatriation Unit Votes
To Disbond:: Reds Protest

PANMUNJOM, Feb. 18 (P.-
The Neutral Nations Repatria-
ton Commission today voted to
disband at midnight Sunday. de-
spite strong opposition from its
Communist members, Poland and
Czechoslovakia.
The commission was in charge
of non-repatriated war prisoners
for about four months.
The decision was in accord
with the United Nations Com
mand Interpretation of the Ko-
rean armiStice.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
Loyalty Frings Total Hits 40
As Democrats Press for List

ported 4. Agriculture / and Jus.
tice l.
Senator Pastore. accusing the
Republicans of "pussyfooting
and "camouflaee." asserted that
the public should be told how
many of the entire 1900 en-
ployes fired under the security
program were dropped because
of questionable loyalty.
He said he still thought the
Senate Civil Service Committee
should investigate the origin anc
meaning of the 1900 figure
despite the breakdown into -four
broad categories being prepared
by the Civil Service Commission
He was backed IN this by Sena-
tor Johnston. Democrat. of South
Carolina. who said the Commits
sion analysis could mean any
thing-it only confuses the con-
fusion"
The csc report is to De made
to the National Security Council
Presumably, the Council will
recommend 10 President Essen
hover a decision on whether tc
make the data public.
Under Steady Pressure.
For more than a month, the
White House has been under un-
relenting pressure from news
papers and Democratic leaders
to produce a breakdown by cause
of the 1900. At a recent press
conference, Gen. Eisenhower said
he had asked his aides to look
into the matter and come up
with a recommendation.
Mr.. Young gave no indication
when the information would be
ready or whether it would in
clude up-to-the-minute dismis-
sals-that is, go beyond the 1900
figure which was announced on
January Z.
YOung'S Statement.
In his statement Mr.. Young
said:
I'm order to make available to
the National Security Council as
much information as can feas-
IDLY be assembled about the
(security) program, 1 have called
upon the heads of the executive
departments and agencies to
analyze their security cases on
the basis of the following types
of information contained in the
files:
Il. Number whose files con-
tanned information indicating, in
varying degrees, subversive activ-
tiles, subversive associations, OF
membership in subversive organ
izations.
ut is believed this category
would include persons against
whom there was no question OF
personal disloyalty. but who. be-
cause they had close relatives be-
hind the Iron Curtain, may be
considered doubtful security
riSkS.)
"(2) Number whose files con-
tanned information indicating
sex perversion.
"(3 Number whose files con-
tanned information indicating
conviction of felonies or mis-
demeanors.
go Number whose files con-
tanned any other type or types
of information falling within the
purview Of Executive order 10450
as amended"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18

two boys in the yard. the auto
continued to 3719 Grant street
and knocked down 80 feet of
fence.
They said the driver, who told
them he had six months driv-
ing experience, was charged
with reckless driving.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
Steel Capacity Boosted

RIO DE JANE1RO.-Brazil's
largest steel plant, Volta Re-
donda. has put into operation 81
new coke ovens. which are ex-
pected to boost coke output by
about 38 per cent and increase
total steel-production capacity
from 435,o00 tons to 10000 a
year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
SchwubIe
Continued From First Page)

ever attempted to foist on the
world" Col. Schwable declared.
The veteran aviator then went
on to defend his military record,
He pointed out that he few the
first experimental night fighters
in the South Pacific during World
War II in action against the
japanese. He added that when
his plane was shot down by the
Chinese Communists in North
Korea on July 8, 1852, he was
preparing to take over a fighter
command and was reconnoiteer-
ing the territory over which his
men would soon have flown.
Record Islands on Merits"
His record. he added. stands
on its own merits as proof of my
willingness to expose myself"
Then he went on to assert that
ANY man can be broken down
eventually. heroics notwithstand-
ing"
Col. Schwable then attacked
the American military training
system which fails to give per-
sonnet any guidance as to what
to do under mental and physical
torture.
He said that he and his fellow
prisoners were not prepared by
the United States for the treat
ment accorded them by the Reds.
Such treatment, he said, SIS
little known by our military men
let us realize this innovation
and prepare for the future. Let
us decide the question on cold
facts, not heroicS."
The only instruction received
by American military personnel
is to give only their name, rank
and serial number upon capture
under any circumstance.
Describes His Treatment.
Describing his own treatment,
Col Schwable declared:
Every effort was made to de-
grade and humiliate me and to
reduce me to the level Of an
animal wallowing around in dirt
and filth. living practically like
a beast in a cage.
My inherent pride as a Ma
rine officer was submerged and
with it my morale and spiritual
outlook was contaminated.
Like the slow dripping of
water on the nerves, the Commu-
nists kept repeating that the
only course of action open to me
was to confess, confess. con-
fessi"
He described how he was forced
to sit for hours on end in freez-
ing lean-to in North Keora, how
the guards flashed light into
his face hourly during the night
and how he was refused permis-
sion to go to the latrine.
In, addition. he added. mental
poisoning was poured into my
ears continuously"
Finally Capitulated.
In November, 1852, Col,
Schwable said he finally capitu-
lated adding he could see little
value to the United States six
feet under the ground"
At this point he pointed out
that if the Reds had so desired
they could have forged his con-
fession.
He wrote Gen. Shepherd that
he had been advised the off
cial attitude is to condemn, cru
city and disgrace" the ex-priSon-
ers who signed the confessions
telling them they must sacrifice
their lives"
Such an attitude. he main
tanned, was mot conducive to
good morale"
Col. Schwable. who sat in deep
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
R0K General 10 Block
Indians Exit Unless
Conditions Are Met
By the Associated Press

SEOUL. Feb. 18.-South Ko-
rea's provost marshal declared
today in the face of American
warnings that he will block the
departure of Indian troops I'M
less India meets ROK condi-
tons.
1t. Gen. Won Yong Duk in
sisted that India guarantee the
safety of 76 Korean war prison.
ers en- route to India and warned
Il will carry out my plan if this
assurance is not given"
Il could mobilize all patriotic
Republic of Korea personnel,
military and civilian" Gen. Won
declared. Many will volunteer"
The rs Koreans, along with IL
Chinese POWS. asked to live in
neutral nations and were sent
to India until arrangements are
completed.
Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor
warned South Korea yesterday
that his 9Th Army will permit no
interference with the departure
of Indian troops which guarded
unrepatriated war prisoners for
about four months in the de-
militariZed zone.
Stand by Pledge.
And ROK Foreign Minister
Pyun Yung Tai said his govern
ment would not revoke its pledge
of safe passage for the Indians
from the neutral zone to the port
of Inchon.
The next group of Indian
troops is scheduled to make the
rail trip to Inchon tomorrow. An
Indian spokesman said about 200
soldiers will travel along the
usual route. which has been
guarded by American tanks, ma
chine gunners and infantry, plus
ROK national police units.
South Korea's Defense Minis
ter Sohn Won II replied to Gen.
Taylor'S warning. He said the
United Nation command, in ad-
ton to being responsible for the
Indians safety, should be respon-
sible for obtaining assurances of
the prisoners safety.
Mr.. Sohn said the minimum
assurances asked were that the
men would not be sent to Com
munist countries, that they
would not be a financial burden
to South Korea and that if no
neutral nation takes them they
be returned.
"No Trouble Among Friends"
Asked what he would do if
American troops tried to stop a
ROk move against the Indians,
Gen. Won answered:
There will be no trouble
among friends"
But when asked if he would
back down. Gen. Won replied
firmly: No" -. 3,
Informed observers said Gen.
Won appeared to be acting with
the support of President Rhee,
who last June gave Gen. Won
orders that released $1,000 anti
Red Korean war prisoners.
An 9Th Army spokesman said
there has been no change in
plans for the movement of In
dian troops.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-18
Arkansas Pioneers

LITTLE ROCK.-First white
men to settle in Arkansas were
French traders who, in 1886.
established a trading post which
is now marked by State park.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-12-05

SLOW DOWN.. Speed Checked by Radar'
7onsba
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-12-05

the road. AS you approach the sec
ond police Car, an officer steps out
onto the road and flags you down.
You get a ticket.
Chances are you're stuck. If the
evidence is properly presented,
you will have a hard time ques-
tioning the accuracy of the radar
device. 1t will never be off more
than two miles per hour, is usually
accurate to less than one m.p.h.
BY contrast, the average Car speed
ometer is five m. phi. too fast or too
slow. If your car is getting old,
your speeeiometer probably shows
less than your actual speed.
An even trickier device is now
being demonstrated to possible
manufacturers and users by its
inventor. Leon Pearle, a New York
lawyer. This is an electronic cam
era called "Foto Patrol" and,
according to Mr.. Pearle, it should
work this way:
The camera is placed alongside
the road. Every so often a police
man loads it with motion-pictue
film and sets it at five or 10 miles
over the speed limit. Then he
makes sure the camera is working
by driving past it too fast.
So. And Snap
SAY the speed limit is so m.p.h.
The camera is set at SIS. Every
time a car passes going over SIS, the
camera snaps a picture Of its rear
end. The picture shows the license
plate and, usually, a good rear
window shot of the drivers head
and shoulders.
The camera simply ignores all
cars going under SIS.
MIR. Pearle says the camera will
even work at night with strobo-
scope equipment. 1t can use color
film for better identification of car
and license plate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-12-05

are going radar happy. The AAA
has just issued a breakdown of
radar devices licensed by cities and
states. It might be called a 60
Slow Guide"
For example, if you like to drive
fast, bypass Ohio, especially
Cleveland. Ohio has acquired lO7
radar speed control units, and Is
of them nestle in Cleveland.
Police and traffic courts have
been quick to discover one big
advantage in radar arrests: once
caught, the accused speeder us
ually pleads guilty and pays his
fine. Here and there, however, en-
trapped drivers are fighting back.
Their methods differ.
There is the elderly farmer in
North Carolina who got ticket in
a radar speed trap which was hid
den around a curve near his farm.
He went home boiling mad, made
himself a red flag and devoted the
next few days to tagging down
traffic on the near side of the curve.
u Lawyers Elan
In CEDARBURG, Wis, P. F. Leuch,
a lawyer, drew $50 fine for
radar speed arrest. He is going all
out to fight it. Lawyer Leuch in
sists that evidence provided by the
usual method of radar- speed detec-
ton is hearsay, and, as such, vio-
lates established rules of evidence.
If the courts are going to be taken
over by machines, MIR. Leuch sug-
gests we might as well do it this
way:
I'm place of the judge. a robot;
to the right, a lie detector: to the
left, a radar machine; in front, a
television set; behind the court,
a machine to determine the alco-
holic content of the driver"
For the great majority of Amer
Continued on next page
his Week NaR0 sine -- December 5. 1854
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-12-05

AS the lawyer-inventor sees it,
the camera short-circuits a lot OF
problems for the police by making
a mail-order business of speed de-
lection. All the police have to do is
develop the film, then trace the
registered owner of each offending
car by the photo of the license
plate. A summons and print of the
picture are mailed to the owner.
He can send in check to cover the
speeding fine, or he can take the
trouble to 60 to court and try to
prove he wasn't driving at the
time of the alleged violation.
N8o9e Fines and Arrests
Is THIS soEt of thing going to
make America into a safe-driving
paradise by wiping out the speeder
who, last year, was blamed for
nearly three out Of every 10 traf-
fic fatalities all over the country?
Or is it the thin wedge of an
electronic police state, which could
boomerang on you?
Both these questions are getting
involved in an angry maze of pros
and cons, as traffic patrols every
where report that use of radar has
doubled or tripled arrests and fines.
Authorities of the superb, 49,
mile New Jersey Turnpike, where
radar is used very extensively to
hold speeds to about 60 miles per
hour, boast an average of AZ speed
ing arrests every day in 1853.
Small towns, with speed limits
i'm the 2O's and sos, can do even
better. One Maryland hamlet,
enforcing a 3O-mile-an-hour limit
with radar, caught IT motorists
in 80 minutes. All of them were
doing more than SO.
Mass arrests like these make
local police departments and JUS
tees of the peace beam with joy.
As a result, some cities and towns
Evening star., 1954-04-25

University list as recovered from
the food passages Of .2.316 pa
tients this variety: 745 bones, 5O7
coins and disks, 276 safety pins,
IS buttons, " nuts, seeds and
shells, 20 pins and needles, nine
dentures, "a articles of jewelry,
plus other objects.
A swallowed object is most
dangerous while still in the
esophagus, but it can usually be
removed with special instru-
ments.
You can't tell from the size
and shape of an object whether
it will pass through the ESQ.,
phagus to the stomach, says
Spectrum, q magazine dis
tributed with the Journal of the
American Medical Association.
About 80 per cent do and then
they usually 60 on through the
body without trouble.
One medical rule is that any