davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-03-11

Tenolists tried msuccessfully
for the second time in 6 months
to kin the pro-French Sultan Of
Morocco.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1954-03-11

traditional freedom and independ.
ence Of the American Farmer.
The Nome nugget., 1954-04-07

mer President said the act did
not cover the British American
agreement.
eve weren't sharing our sec
rets with the British, Truman ex-
planned. "They were sharing
theirs with u.s."
He said the British had spent
$20,000,000 on atomic research,
found they couldn't swing it and
asked our aid. Under the accord
the tWo-nation agreement was set
up for development Of the A
bomb.
AS for the secrecy" Of the
agreement, Truman said:
II knew about it and so did
foreign relations committees Of
both houses. It was a good agree
ment There was no secret about
it to the people who were entitled
to know about it."
The former President said he
renewed the agreement with for
mer Prime Minister Clement At
tlee Of Britain and Prime Minister
Mackenzie King Of Canada when
l got back from Potsdam" In the
summer of 1945. He said he did
not recall the exact date.
He added that members of the
Foreign Relations Committees of
both houses were present when
the agreement was renewed.
"There was nothing mysterious
about it," Truman said. 1T was
done to bring and preserve peace
in the world"
The Nome nugget., 1954-04-07
Churchill Discloses Wartime
Anglo American Atomic
Agreement Is Still In Effect

KANSAS CITY. Up - Former
President Harry S. Truman said
today the Anglo-American war
time atomic agreement still is irl
effect.
The agreement was disclosed
publicly Monday for the first time.
by Prime Minister Churchill in a
House of Commons debate. AS a
result he was. involved in one
Of the bitterest political storms
Of his career.
James Hagerty, White House
press secretary, said last night the
agreement was not in effect at
the present time
Tuesday, however, Truman, in
an interview, said it was.
The former President said, how
ever, the agreement did not apply
to the hydrogen bomb which was
developed later.
Asked whether such an agree
ment had not been terminated by
the Mcmahon Act, which forbids
sharing Of us. atomic secrets
with foreign governments, the for
The Nome nugget., 1954-04-07
Fire Destroys BILL. Co.
COmmissary and Mess Hall
On ElmendOrf ALB.

ANCHORAGE, Up - Fire de-
stroyed the B. J.L. Construction
Co. mess hall and commissary in
side Elmendorf Air Force Base
Monday night with damage esti-
mated unofficially at $4,000.
Winds with gusts up to 40 miles
an hour famed the blaze sending
billowing smoke clouds over parts
Of Anchorage.
For a time the blaze threatened
the construction company's civil
ian housing units on the base and
the new multi-million dollar Sun
flower development, where scores
of service families are housed.
More than $50 firemen fought
the stubborn flames in below
freezing weather. After three
hours they succeeded in contain
ing the blaze to- the mess hall
a large H~shaped structure form
ed of wooden barracks type build
ings covering a city block in area.
The fire broke out just at dusk
and some 1000 spectators were
drawn from the base and An
chorage. Volunteer Air Force men
assisted regular fire companies in
handling hose lines.
Fire companies from Elmendorf
and nearby Fl. Richardson, An
chorage, and the Alaska Railroad
fire departments responded to the
alarm.
The Nome nugget., 1954-04-07
Receding Glaciers
Seen AS Cause OF
Increase in Golfer

CHICAGO, Up A possible in
creased health problem from goi-
ter in the wake Of continually
receding glaciers in various parts
of the world was forecast Mon
day at the opening Of the annual
meeting of the American College
of Physicians.
1t was foreseen by a physician
who was prominent in the re-
search that led to the develop
ment of ''iodized salt" This salt
has shown value in preventing
endemic goiter''-a simple swell
ing of the thyroid gland in the
neck which sometimes can have
serious consequences.
DR.. David Marine Of Rehoboth
Beach, Del, said. it is almost uni
versally agreed by scientists that
'endemic goiter" is due to a de-
ficiency Of iodine in the water
and food of various areas Of the
world, including parts Of North
America.
And this iodine deficiency has
in turn been traced he, said, to
a Teaching" Of the iodine from
the soil by the waters Of melting
glaciers which four times over a
period Of million years creaked
down over the United States and
other parts Of the globe.
'As existing glaciers continue
to recede and world population
increases" DR.. Marine said, more
of these (glaciaD valleys will at
tract settlers and protection ag-
ainst goiter will be necessary"
He pointed out that there al
ready has been an increase in the
incidence Of goiter in Portland,
Ore, since the city began using
water from the melting ice of
Mt. Hood
The Nome nugget., 1954-04-07
Churchill Would Welcome
Eisenhower to Britain

LONDON, Up Prime Minister
Churchill said Tuesday he would
be delighted to welcome President
Eisenhower to London for talks
on the hydrogen bomb and other
world problems. But, the prime
minister added, he did not think
the President could leave the
United States right now.
The Nome nugget., 1954-04-07
4S-Hour Lull In Red
Attack On Diem Bien Phu

HANOI, Indochina, Up - The
lull in the Communicated Wet
minis infantry assaults on bat
tered Diem Bien Phu passed the
48-hour mark today. For the sec
ond successive morning, a terse
French communique announced
'Iast night was calm" at the
northwest Indochina bastion
The calm was relative, how
ever, as rebel artillery and mortar
batteries and the French long
range guns kept up their sporadic
firing.
With the monsoons almost at
hand, rainy weather forced
French fighters and bombers to
let up in their constant hammer
ing of the Vietminh troop con-
centrations and war depots
around Diem Bien Phu. But they
still roared northward, hitting
rebel supply conveys on the
mountain trails and highways
leading from Communist China,
The Vietminh virtually halted
their infantry assaults on the fort
ressed plains barbed wire and
bunkers Monday after suffering
extremely heavy losses in a week
Of fighting from the superior
French firepower and the con-
tinual bombings and strafings.
The plant from which vanilla
The Nome nugget., 1954-04-07
Maj. Gen. James f. Collins
To Become Alaska Army
Commander In August

ANCHORAGE, Up Maj. Gen.
James F. Collins, who now is as
signed to the Pentagon, will be
the Army's new commander in
Alaska.
Army headquarters here an
nounced he will fill the top Army
post in the territory after an an
nouncement in Washington Of his
transfer in August. He will sue
coed Maj. Gen. William M. Miley
Collins is deputy to the Assist
ant Secretary Of Defense for Man
power and Personnel.
He served through World War
II in the South Pacific. He rose
to command of the LIST Corps and
Of that unit during the occupa-
ton of Japan, until July 1916. He
has been in the United States
since that time.
The general is So, a native of
Jersey City and a 1927 graduate
of the US. military academy.
With about per cent Of the
worlds population, the United
States has about three-fourths Of
the worlds automobiles.
The Nome nugget., 1954-04-07

The plant from which vanilla
is extracted is an orchid.
Evening star., 1954-04-20
Russian Parliament
Meets With National
Budget Top Business
BY the Assoeiosed Press

MOSCOW. April 2O.-with
Premier Georgi Malenkov, For
eign Minister v. M. Molotov, and
other leaders on the dais, the
newly elected Supreme Soviet
(parliament) of the U. s. S. r.
convened in the Grand Palace
of the Kremlin today. The ses-
sions are expected to last the
remainder of this week.
The main business will be
adoption of the national budget.
1t is possible, but highly uncer-
tain. there may be a major policy
speech by Malenkov or some
other top official.
The parliament session began
at 2 pm. (6 am, EST with an
organizational meeting of the
Council of the Union. The other
chamber of the bicameral legis.
lature, the Council of National
tiles. was to meet at 4 pm.
Budget Speech Tomorrow.
The two houses will meet to-
morrow in joint session to hear
the budget speech, which is
closely watched each year for
the amount allocated for ma
tional defense.
The Council of the Union
adopted a siX-point agenda fea-
turing presentation of the budget,
election of a new presidium of
the Supreme Soviet, and the
confirmation of the present gov
ernment of the U. S. S. r.
1t also elected Alexander Pet
rovich Volkhov, chairman of a
Moscow regional council, as it's
permanent chairman and chose
four permanent commissions.
Mr.. Malenkov sat in the front
row of a box behind the speakers
roStrum. He wore his familiar
dark tunic and occasionally
chatted animatedly with his
neighbors in the two-tiered box.
MolOtOv Seats at Left.
Mr.. Malenkov was danked on
his left by Mr.. Molotov and on
his right by Nikitai S. Khrush-
chey, first secretary of the Gen.
trail Committee of the CommuG
mist Party. Others in the front
row with Malenkov were Presi-
dent Klementi Voroshilov and
Lazar Kaganovich, a first vice
chairman of the Council of Min
listers.
In the chamber sat more than
700 delegates from all sections
of the Soviet Union who make up
this Council of the Union. The
Council of Nationalities has more
than 600 members.
The delegates ranged from
shawl-wearing peasant women to
Red Army marShals and leading
scientists of the Soviet Union.
They all raised their hands in
affirmation for every vote called.
Evening star., 1954-04-20
CONTINUED From First Page.

declined comment. Senate Re-
publican Leader Knowland
would say only that Secretary
Dulles had given them a f1ll-in.
Senator Saltonstall, Republic
can, of Massachusetts, said the
session was very interesting" !"
Senator Green. Democrat. of
Rhode Island, described the ses-
sion as illuminating" but did
not say whether any heat ac-
companied the light.
Senator Ferguson said. "the
Secretary has got the thing in
hand as well as he can have it
at the present time"
| Asked whether he expected
the Geneva conference to bring
peace in Southeast Asia, Sem
ator Ferguson said:
I'VE must have that hope but
we must always remember that
we are dealing with Commu-
nistS."
Asked whether he favored the
use of GIs as a last resort meas
ure to thwart a Communist con-
quest of Indo-C China, Senator
Ferguson replied, no" He
said he forsaw no need for
American manpower in South
east Asia.
At Geneva, Mr.. Dulles hopes
to encourage France to resist
any Indo-China overtures that
might clear the way for a Com
munist political conquest of
Southeast Asia.
Mr.. Dulles discussed such
prospects yesterday during a
three-hour conference with va
cationing President Eisenhower
at Augusta. Ga. Afterwards, Mr.
Dulles issued a statement and
answered questions in a way that
pointed to one conclusion: The
Eisenhower administration is
counting on collective action by
free nations to make unneces-
sary the direct use of American
combat troops to save Indo-
China from Communism.
Mr.. Dulles said he thinks it
unlikely" that GIs will have to
enter the battle against Reds in
Indo- China.
But he said he and Gen. Eli
senhower reviewed the persistent
worldwide menace of Soviet
communism which makes collec-
tive measures to meet it ''imper-
ative." And he declared that
Communist aggression in Indo-
China is "rousing the free ma
tions to measures which we hope
will be sufficiently timely and
vigorous" to save that vital area.
Asker. directly whether he
would advocate the use of Amer
ican troops as a final means of
saving Indo- China, Mr.. Dulles
replied that he did not want to
answer that question on the rec
ord.
Evening star., 1954-04-20
Australia
CONTINUED From First Page.)

need for such large establish
ment, one of the biggest in the
Canberra diplomatic corps.
A royal commission with in
creased legal powers already has
been authorized to sift the mass
of documents Petrov turned over.
Mr.. Menzies said that data re-
vealed a large Soviet spy net
work in this country. Other
sources said at least 30 Austral-
ians were implicated.
Mr.. Menzies told reporters of
the dramatic series of events
leading up to Mrs. Petrov's deci-
sion to ask asylum in Australia
and declared it could "be seen
Australia behaved with scrupu-
lous care and regard for inter-
national protocol"
The Russians at Darwin
claimed the action against the
couriers violated their diplomatic
immunity. Legal experts pointed
out Australian air travel laws
forbid passengers to carry fire
arms aboard a plane. They said
that, although country cannot
take punitive action against dip
lomats of another country, it
can take measures to prevent
law violations.
Three Reds Go On.
Once disarmed, the couriers
were left alone. They and the
embassy's second secretary, F. v.
KislitSin, went on to Europe with
the BOAC airliner.
The government announced it
was throwing the same cloak of
secrecy over Mrs. Petrov as it
had over her husband, and there
would be no interviews with
newsmen. 1t was thought likely
she would be flown back to re-
Join her husband in Canberra
tonight.
Following suspicious that Mrs.
Petrov might not be a willing
returnee to her homeland, Mr..
Menzies set into motion the ma
chinery to make sure she would
have a chance to say whether
she wanted to go on or stay.
AS she was hustled aboard the
Evening star., 1954-04-20

fused to talk about events be-
tween Mrs. Petrov's boarding the
airliner at Sydney and her de-
cision at Darwin to seek asylum,
other passengers on the plane
said she cried the first two hours
out of Sydney.
Dutch-born Importer c. JAMS
sens. en- route from Melbourne
to Holland, said Mrs. Petrov
definitely was not kidnapped
by the Australians at Darwin.
She was very sorry to be leav-
ing Australia" he added. The
Russians accused Australian au-
thorities of kidnapping her.
The strictest security precau-
tions ever seen at Singapore were
in force at Kallang Airport as
the plane landed.
Evening star., 1954-04-20

plane at Sydney, Mr.. Menzies
ordered Reginald Leydin, North
ern Territory government secre-
tary at Darwin, to be ready for
her arrival and to ask her
whether she wanted to go on or
stay.
When the plane touched down
here, security agents and a dozen
police swarmed aboard. AS Mr..
Leydin approached to talk to
Mrs. Petrov. the two couriers-
already having used strong-arm
methods during the trip to keep
other passengers and crew from
talking to her-muScled in.
Both Are Disarmed.
Police grappled with the cour-
iers, V KarpinSky and F. Zhar-
kov. One of the Russians thrust
his hand into his pocket. A
nearby policeman grabbed his
wrist and discovered the loaded
pistol. The other courier carried
a similar weapon in a shoulder
holster. Police said Zharkov
struggled f1ercely with police be-
fore he was disarmed. One police
sergeant came out of the tussle
with blood on his shirt.
The air hostess aboard the
plane, Joyce Bull, told reporters
after talking to Mrs. Petrov:
"She obviously wants to stay
in Australia but seemed too
scared to do anything"
While Mrs. Petrov. weeping
frequently. was holding highly
emotional talks for As minutes
with Mr.. Leydin at the Darwin
airport, Second Secretary Kis-
litsin protested bitterly. The
police neither restrained the
diplomat nor searched him.
To reporters he declared: IT
am astounded at the action of
the Australian authorities. Our
diplomatic immunity has been
infringed and I intend to report
it to my Embassy.
Mr.. Kislitsin and the two cour-
iers left on the plane, which
was delayed by the Petrov affair
for 80 minutes from it's sched-
uled takeoff for the next stop at
Singapore.
Mrs. Petrov was then whisked
to Government House. Not long
afterWard she was seen sitting
on the veranda at the mansion
with Mrs. Leydin. She had
changed from the trim gray suit
which had become sadly crum-
Piled in the tussle at Sidney-to
a floral summer frock, and ap-
peared to be enjoying a cup of
tea.
Although Mr.. Menzies had
Evening star., 1954-04-20
Congress Leaders Hear Dulles
Report on Asian Problems

Statements such as this and
Fridays talk by Vice President
Nixon encouraged Congressional
anxiety over administration in
tentions toward Southeast Asia,
In speech to the American So
ciety Of Newspaper Editors. Mr.
Nixon stated that the United
States should use its own troops
should France give UP the fight
for Indo-C China.
Mr.. Nixon'S stand helped pro-
woke prolonged Senate debate
Yesterday.
No New Policy.
Senator Saltonstan Of Massa-
chusetts. acting Republican floor
leader. relayed assurances from
high Government officials that
the United States has adopted
no new policy calling for Amer
ican manpower in Indo- China.
Senator Saltonstall interrupted
the critical remarks of several
Democrats to announce he had
talked with Defense Secretary
Wilson and acting Deputy Un-
dersecretary of State Thruston
Morton. He said Mr.. Wilson
told him there has been no
change in policy.
The Senator also expressed
confidence that if there is any
fundamental change in admin
lstration policy. congressional
committees will be fully advised.
Democratic Senators Hum
phrey of Minnesota and Lehman
of New York accused the ad-
ministration of a lack of candor
and clarity in dealing with Con-
greSs on foreign policy. They
cited Vice President Nixon's
speech to the editors as an ex-
ample.
Evening star., 1954-04-20

Senator Johnson, Democrat
Of Colorado, said:
"As a guest at a private party
in the company of a large group
of Democratic Senators some
weeks ago. ! heard the Vice
President. Mr.. Nixon, whooping
1t up for war in Indo-C China
Then ] thought he was express
ing private opinion. Now that
the editors of the Nation have
exposed his off-the-record war
in the Jungles' speech, I feel free
to speak.
II am against sending Amer
ican GIs into the mud and muck
of Indo-China on a blood-let-
ting spree to perpetuate colo
nialism and white mans exploi-
tation in Asia. The Monroe Doc
trine and Asia for Asians ought
to be the foundation of our for
eign policy"
Senator Flanders, Republican.
of Vermont, touched off the de-
bate by saying the President
cannot properly be asked to tell
Evening star., 1954-04-20

Congress in detail what the adj
mlnistration is going to do. He
said the President can be asked
to state what our purposes are
in our present interest and in
any future Intervention in
Southeast Asia"
Senator Flanders said he
hoped our purposes would be to
stop the advance of communism
and to help keep people from
being enslaved. not to support
a contest between two great
powers.
Evening star., 1954-04-20
Reds Reach Singapore
Under Strict Security

SINGAPORE, April 20 (P.-
Three glum-faced Russians who
lost out in a struggle with Aus
tralian police over Mrs. Vlad-
imir Petrov arrived here by air
today en- route to the Soviet
Union, amid strict security pre-
cautions.
Although the Russians re-
Evening star., 1954-04-20

made the startling revelation of
Petrov's detection from COM
munism a week ago. dispatches
from Moscow said the Soviet
press still had not mentioned
the case.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-14

adopting constitution, and choos-
ing a completely representative
government. The only thing that
is holding them back is the civil war
with the Wet Mimi; they know they
need French help to beat the Com
munists.
Hope With Mo9soysoy
Only in the Philippines. where
Ramon MagSaysay has just been
elected for four-year term, is there
a good chance for stability. Presi-
Dental tenure is limited there to
one and one-half terms. In the next
four years--six if he is reelected
Mr.. Magsaysay should be able to
groom successor. or at least bring
enough political order out of the
present unsettled situation to pro-
vide progressive and stable govern
ment.
In swing around the crescent OF
principal American allies on the
far side OF the Pacific late last year,
this correspondent discussed alter
natives to present leadership with
some of the leaders themselves. with
other experts on the scene, gov
eminent officials. newspapermen,
and foreign diplomatic representa-
tiveS.
Next Sunday: Alternatives to
present leadership in Korea.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-14
By EorI H. Xoss

cabinet ministers, is now threaten
ing to rock him off the Premier's
seat.
In FormoSa, Chang Kai-shek is
Sc. There is no one among the
Nationalist Chinese within shouting
distance of him in. domestic or
world prestige. Although Chang
played coy at first. he is expected
to be reelected President over
whelmingly at the National As
sembly's election session next Sat-
urday. But if Chang is somehow
put out of the way quickly. either
by accident or design, there is no
assurance that the old time stability
would survive.
In Indo- China, there are two ap-
parently stable kingdorns-Laos and
Cambodia - whose kings outshine
the leaders of their parliaments.
But the largest of the three French
Union states, Wet Nam, is a highly
volatile mixture under an ex-em-
peror, Bao Dai, now called Chief of
State. Bao Dali is IL and in excel
lent physical health, but his political
health is not as good. Strong ma
tionalist forces, who look upon him
as French puppet. are exerting
heavy pressure to unseat him by
forming an elected parliament,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-14
Who Deserves Tax Cut First?

If you are one of the So million
Americans eligible to vote in next
falls congressional elections, you
are lucky, really lucky.
ALI Washington is on the lookout
for your economic welfare Is you,
job endangered through slackening
business? Are you one of the who
knows-how-many unemployed? JUS:
relax.
Congress, the President and his
cabinet, all are trying to help you.
What occasions all the cogitation
and declaration in Washington is
the fact that the Nations produc-
ton and employment and income
which climbed to peacetime high
last year thanks in considerable part
to Government spending for defense
and similar purposes, have been
showing distinct signs of falterina
When employment and incomes
recede from a high point. that's
recession. An economic recession
may be the forerunner of depres-
sion. The memory of the great de-
preston of the early 1930s is still
rather fresh.
i So politicians and others view
with concern and understandable
confusion the various Census Bureau
estimates of growing unemploy-
ment; and demand grows that the
Government do something about it..
In October we had a civilian labor
force of 63,404. 900 and, Census said,
100000 unemployed. In January
the corresponding figures were g.
$4,000 in the labor force and
2,359,00O unemployed. But, confus-
ing the picture. Census, issued a
second set of figures for January
on a new basis: 62,84O, 900 in the
labor force and 3,087 900 unem-
ployed. BY mid-February the new"
unemployment figure was up to 81
671, 900.
Whot to Do
What can the Government do to
counterfeit business recession and
stimulate employment? It can lower
taxes, SO that individuals have more
money to spend and thus to keep the
wheels Of industry and business
turning. It can step up to some
extent defense and other public ex-
penditures. thus printing the pump.
1t can in several ways make credit
easier, thereby stimulating private
borrowing and lending for business
purposes. Through tax changes 1t
can encourage private investment in
plant and equipment. with bene-
fetal effects on the economy.
How prompt and effective such
Government policies can be in sup.
porting the economy Is something
on which there is not universal
agreement. We can't even be sure
that a slackening of business is the
beginning of situation calling for
Government intervention or merely
a minor and natural readjustment
that will correct itself. But, in this
even-numbered year. the admins