davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
First of Several
Crucial Bricker Plan
Tests Possible Today
By J. A. O'Leor

Senate leaders today began q
drive to wind up the long fight
over changes in the treaty
making power.
The first of several crucial
votes may be taken today or to-
morrow. The pending question is
the proposal of Senator Bricker.
Republican of Ohio, to require
an act Of Congress before any
treaty or international agree
ment could become effective as
internal law.
This is the heart Of the con-
troversy that has been before the
Senate for nearly q month. Sen
,ator Bricker has modified his
original proposal to make it clear
that the Senate could still make
any particular treaty effective
Immediately following Senate
ratification.
But even with this modiflca-
ton the Bricker plan is still Wig
orously opposed by the admins
tration and by a group Of more
than Is Democrats who contend
no changes in the Constitution
are necessary.
Three Minor Tests.
The vote on the Bricker
amendment is expected to pro-
vide the first real test of strength
in the treaty fight. Although
three amendments to the pro-
posed Constitutional amendment
already have been adopted. these
were not decisive, because they
were supported both by the ad-
ministration and the Bricker
forces.
These tentatively approved
amendments merely emphasize
that no treaty or international
agreement may conflict with the
Constitution. One amendment
requires a roll call vote in the
Senate on all treaties.
Following action on the
Bricker amendment, Senator
Morse, Independent, Of Oregon
will try to send the whole issue
back to the Judiciary Committee
for further study. but present
indications are this will fail.
George Plan Given Chance.
Senator George. Democrat, OF
Georgia then will offer his sub
stitute, which is believed 70 have
the best chance for adoption
The George plan would make nc
change in the treaty process, but
would require an act Of Congress
before any international agree
ment could take effect as internal
law.
While a simple majority may
, substitute the George plan fol
the administration amendments
already adopted, it will Their
require two-thirdS for f1naI
passage.
Over the holiday week end
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23

Tense Society. which he said was
organized to protect the people
from subversive corruption in
public office"
Says Society Backs Charges.
Mr.. Moore said Mr.. Wilson, 43,
is a Government relations coun-
selor and a payroll tax admins
traitor who represents employers
at hearings on unemployment
compensation. He said the So
ciety stands with Mr.. Wilson in
his charge against Chief Justice
Warren.
Mr.. Moore added that Mr.. Will
son. married and the father of
three children. has been living
in Hollywood for a year and a
half and lis not a fugitive from
justice"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Fletcher Knebel-
Potomac Fever

Proposed in the diary of Mccarthy: II
declared Russia dawn modified at and by
nghtfa had completely surrounded the United States Army
Bassett Los Angeles newsman is named Republican
publicity chief His job to get the picture of just Re-
publican leader the front who didn't his black
from another
appears Dulles will
foreign affairs all alone Joe Mccarthy has resigned
tay of State to devote full time to being
Democratic Senator Hill farm price supports only cost
IS cents each Republicans keep in shape going
health clubs-Democrats do it by juggling figures.
PakiStan asks for American military aid. Sorry, admin
istraon leaders need all home cabinet ohcer
doesn't dare venture out the streets unarmed-he might
meet another Republican.
Navy recruiting slogan Join the Navy the world
while Joe McCarthy's still busy with the Army"
Senate Leader Knowand predicts Earl Warren will be
confirmed Chief Justice by Overwhelming"
just get with the plain vote peasehe already been
overwhelmed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Lowell MeiIett-

Some reason to believe that
Congress may be disposed to
curb the giveaway tendencies
Of the present administration
was offered in the House Of
Representatives last week. In
any case, the House curbed
itself in that respect in a mat
ter vitality affecting the ma
tional forests.
Before the House was a bill
which provided that when any
Government agency buys land
from a private lumber COM
pany the company must be
given timber land Of equal
value in the same area. The
theory behind the proposal is
that Government purchase or
condemnation Of timber land
for flood control. reclama-
ton, power lines. military
posts and other purposes
sometimes interferes with a
suStained-yield operation Of
the company. Sustained yield
operations are largely limited
to companies with immense
holdings.
The bill. a joint effort Of
Representative Ellsworth and
Senator Gordon of Oregon, had
been favorably reported by
the Interior Committee and
granted a rule by the Rules
Committee. It ran into OPPOSE
ton on the floor that gradu-
ally grew into a storm. The de-
bate lasted for the greater part
Of two days. The final vote was
226 to 161 to recommit the
bill. in effect killing it. at least
for this session.
One Of the principal objec-
tons to the bill was that it
would seriously curtail the
power Of the United States
Forest Service to protect the
national forests.
who finally decides whether
or not the transfer would be
in the public INTEREST,"" Rep
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Man Drifts $50 Miles
Alone in Open Boat
BY the Associates Press

BRISBANE. Australia. Feb. %.
-Viktors zvejnieks. %, stag
gered ashore north Of Cairns
yesterday. suffering from MANU-
triton and exposure, after drift
ing $50 miles through the Coral
Sea in an open l2-foot diney
without a paddle. He had been
at sea IS days.
Latvian born, Zvejnieks put
out in the dinghy January 6 from
Thursday Island. just OF the tip
Of Cape York Peninsula. the
northernmost part Of Australia.
Some days out. he lost his pad
dies in q storm and was forced
to drift.
Today he was hospitalized in
Cairns, too weak today to tell his
full story, but said he trapped
rainwater in a cup and lived
largely on seaweed and a small
shark he caught.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Associate Believes
Accuser Of Warren
Is Ready 10 Give Up
By the Associated Press

LOS ANGELES, Feb. 23.-An
associate Of Roderick j. Wilson,
sought by police at the request
of San Francisco's district attor-
ney, said yesterday Mr.. Wilson
is an attorney and a candidate
for the Democratic gubernatorial
nomination.
One of the unevaluated charges
against Chief Justice Warren has
been attributed to Mr.. Wilson.
The district attorney. Thomas
C. Lynch, says Mr.. Wilson is a
former press agent and private
detective who is wanted in San
Francisco under q 1852 indict-
ment charging subornation Of
perjury in connection with an
automobile accident damage case
Paul Lee Moore, who described
himself as an associate of Mr..
Wilson. also said the San Fran
cisco charge against Mr.. Wilson
Is not true. and that he believes
Mr.. Wilson is comforting with
attorneys preparatory to surren-
dering to San FranciSc
authorities.
Mr.. Wilson himself could not
be reached for comment.
Charges Disclosed Friday.
The charges against Chief JUS
| tice Warren were disclosed FRI
day in Washington by Senate
Judiciary subcommittee. Wayne
Smithey. subcommittee counsel
said one of the unevaluated
charges was that Chief Justice
Warren twas at one time under
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
David Lawrence

George Kennar1, chairman
of the State Departments
policy planning staff under
the Truman-Acheson admin
istration, has expressed him.
self in criticism of the way
the Government has been
handling the cases OF those
in Government employ who
are charged with loose morals.
Because of the controversy
that has arisen about the dis
charge of security risks"
from the Government and the
frequent references in print
to morals cases. what Mr..
KEENAN, has to say Is of cur
rent interest.
MIR. Remnants speech before
the annual Christian Confer
ence on the Relevance Of Re-
ligious Belief to Problems Of
Everyday Living was originally
delivered last December off,
the-record at Princeton Uni
versity. In the February IL
issue Of the Princeton Alumni
Weekly. however. it is stated
that Mr.. KEENAN, reconSidered
and allowed his address to be
printed. The section Of MIR:
Remnants speech dealing with
criticism of the Government
is as follows:
Let us. for the love Of God,
keep out of the ranks Of the
finger pointing holier : than
thous-the people who sub
Innate their own sex urge in
the peculiarly nasty and sad
istic practice of shopping on
others and exploiting the fall
ures and embarrassments OF
others in this most excruciat-
ing and difficult Of problems.
In particular, let us not fall
into the sort of immature
PhilistiniSm that seems to have
taken possession of our Gov
eminent in its latter.day pre-
occupation with the morals OF
the public servant. What has
gone on in Washington in
these recent months in this
regard has brought the great
est dismay and disgust to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23

said. or sold to another opera
tor for that purpose.
One OF the most revealing
exchanges occurred between
Representative Gavin. Penn
sylvania Republican. and Rep.
resentative Howard Smith,
Virginia Democrat, who was
defending the bill. Mr.. Gavin
argued that under present law
the Forest Service could lease
land to a private company de.
string to continue a sustained.
yield operation. Now" he
said. you want an exchange.
You want the land"
THE gentleman" said Mr..
Smith. lis going on the as
sumption that we can get along
with the Forest Service. I have
had a great deal Of trouble In
getting along with them"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
TYPICAL DINNER MENU

DESSERT
Coconut Layer Cake
Chocolate Pudding
Peach Halves
In Syrup
Vanilla Ice Cream
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23

Senator Bricker declared in New
York that the furore over his
constitutional amendment is a
smoke screen to cover "the greed
for power on the part of public
officials" Addressing banquet
Of the Sons of the Revolution,
Senator Bricker attacked CEN
tralization of government power
in Washington.
At the same time Senator Byrd,
Democrat, of Virginia, told a
New Jersey audience the Bricker
plan is designed to protect the
powers of Congress from "usur-
patton by any President so in
clined." Senator Byrd addressed
New Jersey chapters of the Sons,
Daughters and Children of the
American Revolution.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Dutch Aide in Quuntico

QUANTICO MARINE BASE,
Va. Feb. % (R.-Cornelis STAFF
Netherlands Minister of Defense,
visited the Marine Corps schools
here yesterday and saw a hell
copter demonstration including
an airlift of mighty mite. the
Leathernecks' famed combat
vehicle
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23

the domination and control of a
notorious liquor lobbyist Cart
Samish)." This charge. said Mr..
Smithey, came in a letter from
Mr.. Wilson, mailed in Los
Angeles.
Mr.. Moore. Is, identified him
self as a commercial artist and
president of the California De-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-23
Lake Michigan Level

CHICAGO.-The level Of Lake
Michigan is about 81 feet lower
than that of its neighboring Lake
Superior.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31

have urged the Post ONCE to
try more colorful and "prettier"
stamps to stimulate a demand
for them overseas. Few coun-
tries have more monotonous
tones of color, in their postal
issues. A major drawback in
producing brighter. multi
colored stamps here has been
in the method of printing.
Postal officials see an OPP
portunity to advertise" the
United States abroad through
the issuance of these poster
type" stamps that can be pro-
duced through modern print
ing methods.
A glance through SCOTS
Postage Stamp catalog (the
standard reference book for
philatelistS) shows that hun
dreds of the most beautiful
and valuable postal issues pro-
duced abroad are turned out
by photography and other mod
ern means.
There is no official fear Of
stamp counterfeiting. Postal
officials ask, Where can you
get rid of a large number of
stamps today?" Mail-order
houses and many other busi-
neSses which once accepted
stamps in lieu of money orders
or cash for small purchases
no longer do so. Before the
advent of "metered mail"
these firms used the incoming
stamps to cover their outgoing
mail and parcel post. Today.
the familiar meter imprint
eliminates the stamp.
Philatelists. however. do fear
counterfeiting of forthcoming
United States stamps. But,
postal officials say, most
United States stamps have
little value above their face
denomination because Of the
volume of production. A new
issue always gets a first run
of 10 million copies and is
available for months and even
years after printing. If that
policy is continued there is
little reason to fear counter
feiting for such a low rate of
profit.
OF course. Treasury and
Post Office officials admit, it
is possible to counterfeit any
thing, but would it be worth
the risk? So far. Post Office
inspectors have a record of
SO per cent convictions for
postal violations and the Sc
cret Service isn't far behind
IN the war on phony money.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31
By HUGH Humphrey


8-hour day. To fill an order for
80 million annually, Is of these
presses must run at full speed
almost $50 days.
Throug more modern
printing methods, bonds of
comparable quality in appear
ance can be produced at a rate
of 100000 per press in an g.
hour day. Using Is presses. the
90-million-bond order can be
filled in less than Is working
days each year.
The saving, Treasury Off
Gals say. is obvious.
Counterfeiting? Trea sury
men point to the terminal
leave bonds issued by the mil
lions to veterans after World
War II. These issues were not
hand-engraved, yet the Treas
ury says it has no record of a
single phony certificate being
caShed or produced.
Large denomination negoti-
able bonds aren't even con-
sidered in the economy print
ing plan. Nor is currency. de-
spite rumors that the dollar
bill soon would lose its en-
graved surface.
No 'Woiting Period
Treasury officials are so
confident that counterfeiting
is not a threat, they deny any
plan - as rumored - for a
waiting period" between the
time of demand and the actual
caShing of a bond. Each
security has a serial number
and banks always have been
careful to require positive
identification of the bond
holder. If a number of
counterfeits were dumped on
the market land Savings
bonds are not TRANSFERABLE
the hoax would be caught
quickly when serial numbers
failed to jibe with Treasury
records.
And. the Treasury cites its
Secret Service record in round
ing up counterfeiters as a
main deterrent against bogus
bond printing. It's just too
risky, officials say.
Sometime this year, produc-
ton of stamps will be switched
on an experimental basis to
photo-lithography. Post Office
executives feel that they. too,
can economic in printing
costs, but according to their
experts. another factor is in
volved in the plan.
For years, many philatelists
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31
Bond-Stomp Printing Experiment

II any group of Government
officials ever had the right to
ask, What's all the fuss
about?" puzzled Treasury and
Post Once Department execu-
tives seem to have had top
priority on the question in re-
cent weeks.
After almost q year of Re-
publican economy indoctrina-
ton, these agencies recently
announced plans to expert
ment in the production of
savings bonds and postage
stamps by methods more mod
ern than hand engraving.
The resulting uproar couldn't
have been louder-from select
circles II had the President
suddenly outlawed baseball or
golf.
Two Factions
When the screaming sub
sided, opposition to the pro-
poSalS seemed to be centered
in two factions, neither repre-
senting the average small tax
payer who may benefit from
the plan eventually.
The men who engrave and
print bonds and stamps by
the me-honored intaglio
process argue that it signals
the end of a real bit of art and
the loss of their jobs at the
Bureau Of Engraving and
Printing.
Another and much larger
group raised the spectre. of
counterfeiting. This predic-
ton is supported by the
unions involved, but the bulk
of the DIRECTORS appear to be
stamp collectors. To them,
the slightest hint of producing
stamps through photo-lith-
ography, photo-engraving or
any form Of Offset printing is
anathema.
From both camps, predic-
tions of million dollar swim
dies in counterfeit bonds and
stamps were a dime a dozen.
The Treasury ignored the
protests and recently ordered
a test run on savings bonds.
The experiment was suspended
for evalution within a few
days. and from an economy
point, it appears to have been
successful.
According to Treasury Of
ficials, 80 million savings bonds
must be produced each year to
meet demand. A printing press
used to reproduce hand-en-
graved plates turns out a
maximum Of $4,000 bonds per
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31
Costly Coffee Is Here to Stay

critical OF the Latin American
countries. Even so. the
investigation and report
angered many Latin American
diplomats. The State Depart
ment. In the current contro-
versy. appears to favor letting
supply and demand regulate
the price.
Boycott Suggestion
There was the suggestion
and this came even from Con-
gressmen. who began practic-
ing what they preached-that
people quit drinking coffee un- !,
til prices come down. Some !
consumer resistance already
has developed. In New York
a survey of retail stores
showed buying had dropped so
per cent, after the scare buy
ing subsidized.
A similar situation devel-
oped in 1850 when coffee
prices moved toward 81 a
pound. People quit drinking
coffee and prices came down.
not to previous levels. but we'll
below 81 pound. Coffee inn
ports, meantime, dropped
nearly 4 million bags below
those for 1949. But the.
coffee merchants said con-
sumner resistance was not re-
sponsible. There had been
droughts in Brazil. they said.
There were indications also,
Of a long grange consumer re-.
sistance. AS prices rose over
the past three years imports
dropped. They fell by $4,000
bags in 1852 and by an esti-
mated 100000 bags last year.
about 2 per cent.
Teo as Substitute? ?
Some urged tea as a substi-
tute. The Tea Council, always
on the alert for ways to push
its product, was taking q look
at the situation to see If it
could be used as q lever to
increase tea drinking. Some
restaurants were reported serv.
ing free tea in an effort to
break the coffee market. But
restaurant owners complained
that making tea-good tea
was too much trouble. It was
not like drawing q cup Of
coffee from an urn. One had
to take the kettle to the pot.
If the Nation turned to tea.
there was the prospect that the
same high price situation
would develop in that COM
modify. The tea drinking Eng
lish already are having
trouble. This years crop in
North India. the major pro-
Queer, is smaller by some 81
900 tons than had been pre-
dicted. Tea has risen 5 cents a
pound, and there was talk in
England of turning to coffee.
The English have a good stock
of Latin American coffee on
hand, and the East African
suppliers are always ready to
do business with the Food
Ministry.
The coffee merchants feel
that the State Department
should do something about de-
veloping other areas. particu-
larry in Asia, so that the
United States won't be so de-
pendent on Brazil for It's
coffee. They say this might be
done under the pointSfour.
program for aiding underde-
veloped countries. 80. SIS
Despite the proposals and
the arguments. the outlook for
coffee drinkers remained black.
The National Coffee Associa-
ton said the public could look
for a general upward trend in
prices for at least two years.
But there was one bright
spot for the administration.
The high price Of coffee prob
ably would do more than any
departmental directive toward
elimin a t ing the morning
coffee break"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-01-31

Some like their coffee black.
some like It with u little sugar,
some like 1t heavy with cream,
and a small minority like it
laced with brandy.
But 1t seemed to harried
Congressman last week that
nearly everybody likes 1t, one
way or another. and with ris-
ing prices threatening to make
it . luxury. their constituents
wrote In to say there ought to
be q law.
When the rising price was
discussed. over q cup of tea
or a glass of milk, the question
usually boiled down, to one
word:
Why?
Reasons given for the short
term price rise-frost in Brazil.
a sudden increased demand,
market manipulation and
Scare-buyi1g offered little
Solace to the housewife who
paid 81 and more a pound for
coffee which five years ago
averaged So cents. A year ago,
the average price was 86.5
cents.
The National Coffee Asso-
citation, an organization of
merchants who handle coffee
in this country, now says one
thing Is clear: Unless people
drink less coffee. the price will
be $1.20 q pound by mid
February.
The cost Of a single cup of
coffee was not affected gen.
orally in Washington reStau-
rants, although in some other
cities it had gone up. But
most restaurants here aban-
doned the practice of giving
the second cup free.
The most immediate reason
for the skyrocketing prices in
this country was that the inn
port price had jumped in six
weeks from SIS cents to IS.
cents a pound. In the same
period there were two whole
sale hikes, one of 8 cents and
another of S cents. These were
being passed on to the con-
sumner.
Demand was growing else
where, too. and this affected
the market here. AS the
war-weakened economies of
the European nations were
strengthened. there were more
dollars available for such
commodities as coffee. This
was especially true for Ger
many, another big coffee Gus
toner. where recovery has been
phenomenal.
These were the short-term
causes of higher prices. But
even though the price of cof-
fee may come down slightly
when the current market
furry ends. the housewife
could not hope to buy coffee
again at the So cents a pound
she paid five years ago, unless
there were a major world de
preston. There were long -term
causes, which have brought
steady increase in prices since
prewar days.
Costs Are Up
First. there was the general
prosperity picture, with its re-
sultant imitation of costs.
1t costs more to bring cof-
fee beans from the farms to
the docks in Brazil. 1t costs
more to load the bags aboard
the freighters. It costs more
to ship a bag from Santos to
New York. In early 1851, for
example, the freight rate was
$l.45 for a 60-kilogram u32-
poundD bag. Today it is Sits.
It costs more to unload the
cargo at the docks. Taxes are
higher. Marine insurance rates
are up. Import-export paper
work costs more.
Second. coffee production