davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
Review Of The Week

all three countries must ratify
the treaty before it goes for
mally into effect.
Last Mondays signing was
a logical :outgrowth of the
f1ve-year treaty of friendship
and collaboration which Greece
and Turkey signed with Yugo-
slavia on February %, 1858.
Since that time the three
countries 20 divisions have
become the principal deter
rent to Soviet expansion
through the Balkans.
Tito and NATO
The triangular mutual de-
Tense pact is q sort Of second
class ticket into NATO for
President Tito's Red regime.
One clause provides for con-
sultation II there Ii an attack
on any country having q mu-
tual defense arrangement
with one Of the signatories.
Mutual assistance in other
fields besides defense Is also
provided for.
A permanent council formed
by the three foreign ministers
will meet regularly twice q
year to transact the main
business Of the Balkan trio.
A secretariat in Ankara will
act as the standing group.
The three countries now will
seek to form a consultative
assembly of an equal number
Of members from each country
to study means Of developing
cooperation.
The joint general star OPP
erations Of the three countries
continue as they have since
TehrIiarv last wear
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15

plant pours millions Of gallons
Of raw or incompletely treated
sewage into the Anacostia
River daily.
The WSSC will have to ex-
tend its main sewer to the
District line for connection. It
is expected that Maryland's
stake In use of the District
plant and new construction
will be about SIS million by
1864.
The Blue Plains plant now
provides only superficial treat
ment but contemplated ex-
pansion of facilities will pro-
vide secondary or complete
treatment partially by 1856
and entirely by 1859.
X 81 \
Alexandra Feud
Bitterest feud now running
in the area is probably be-
tween Alexandra Mayor Mar
shall Beverley and City Man
ager Ira Willard.
So far Mr.. Beverley has
been doing most Of the talk
ing and has made no bones
about wanting q new man in
the job. MIR. Willard has shown
no indications that he viii
surrender.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15

nevertheless greatly influenced
by the Hindu philosophy Of
mystic contemplation and
Gandhi's example Of passive
resistance.
The difference In geography
breaks down into two parts:
Size and continuity. Pakistan
Is developing . split person
atty. and q certain complex
Of weakness, because Of the
separation Of East and West
Pakistan. AS for size and re-
sources, India is four times
as big in population and area
and feels strong enough to
spurn aid If 1t Is not preferred
with hat in hand. Pakistan.
on the other hand, is smaller
and feels the need Of help.
How have these basic differ
ences been reflected in the two
countries /. foreign policies2
Pakistan has reacted by sign
ing a mutual security treaty
with the United States. She
will get about $75 million
worth of defense equipment
as a starter. She has Joined
Turkey in an anti-C Communist
defense pact. She has spoken
out against the Reds in South
Asia conferences.
India. on the other hand,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
Economy
President Is Hopeful;
Studebuker Workers
Vote Own Pay Cut

The President took q mid
year look at the Nations
economy and reported last
week that things are just fine.
Specifically. he said the
business downturn was over
and that it had been a very
minor one. And the outlook
for the future, he continued
cautiously, seemed good. He
said he was glad to see that
imitation had not hit the people
during his administration.
Material in the report came
from various Government
agencies and was announced as
a midyear checkup similar to
the annual economic report
made to Congress each jan
uary.
Meanwhile in South Bend
some 6 1000 Studebaker workers
demonstrated less optimism.
They voted, 8 to /, to take q
pay cut. The alternative, ac-
cording to the company. was a
possible shutdown Of the plant.
Union officials recommended
acceptance of cuts after COM
pany officials had paved the
way by reducing their own
salaries.
Reason for the crisis:
Higher-than-average pay Of
Studebaker workers, and in
creased competition from big
ger auto makers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
Senate

Amendment to support five
basic commodities-wneat, cot
ton, corn, rice. peanuts-on a
flexible scale ranging from
82.5 per cent to 80 per cent of
parity in 1855. Agreed to,
1914.
81, S s;ssH g. b. va Vi, 's sss.r. !s
Amendment by Aiken (R.,
Vt.) to; continue price support
for dairy products between Is
and 90 per cent Of parity and
extend the same range sup
ports to whole milk. Agreed to.
49-43.
Fer: Bsall. Butler. BYRD. Rossrtson.
Omnibus farm bill ir1stitut-
ing flexible price supports,
extending the conservation
program, and revising market
ing agreement authority.
Passed. 62-28.
For: Beall. Brtisr. Byrd. Robertson.
Senate : House compromise
on the atomic energy bill,
which the Senate rejected.
41-4S, August Is. Debate
centered on a compromise
patent provision which would
give preference In granting
atomic licenses to firms which
agree to share their patents
for i've years.
For: Beall. Butler, Byrd. Against:
Robertson
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
Metropolitan Scene
Zonine Rules Head for Overhaul

the statute was enacted that
Architect Louis Justement Of
the advisory committee pro-
posed and the committee al
most Endorsed a proposition
that Congress repeal all zon-
ing statutes. This would have
left the matter up to the Com
missioners and would have
permitted a start from scratch.
While this may well be a good
solution, it needs more study
than it has received, and the
committee did well to delay
action.
Phone Bills
In the District, your phone
bill probably. went up Friday.
Single-line 1iat-rate residen-
tial service went from $5.25 to
$5.75. Two party line fiat rate
service went up q quarter to
$3.50. Phone extensions were
increased Is cents to rs cents.
Chesapeake and Potomac Tele-
phone Co. expects to get ST.
625.000 increase in gross an
nual revenues from the boosts.
X AAA
Sewage Outlook
A significant step toward
control Of pollution Of the Po-
tomac River was taken the
other day with the signing Of
an agreement between the Dis
trict and Washington Subur-
ban Sanitary Commission.
Under the agreement. all SUI
burban Maryland sewage Of the
WSSC will be treated at the
Districts sewage disposal plant
at Blue Plains. At present
Maryland sewage west Of Geor-
gia avenue Is being handled by
the District. That from the
burgeoning area east of. Geor-
gia avenue is being treated at
q plant in Bladensburg. This
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
By John w. Thompson. j.

IA significant first was the
meeting the other day Of. the
Commissioners Zoning ADJ
yisory Committee.
1t marks the beginning Of
the first real zoning revision
for washington In "a years.
While the zoning Commits
sion has been meeting regu-
larry and in many instances
adjusting zones to changes in
the community. and while the
Board Of Zoning Adjustment
has been acting on special
cases in which variations from
the zoning plan are sought,
the time is ripe for q thorough
overhaul Of the zoning plan.
For example, there are some
5000 non conforming uses
which need to be dealt with
according to an overall plan
rather than individually. The
problems created by these uses
are well illustrated by the
recent move by Representative
John L. Mcmillan Of South
Carolina to tack q rider onto
an alley-dwellings bill which
would permit gas station at
Wisconsin and Massachusetts
avenues NV. to remodel
something 1t cannot do be-
cause 1t is in. an area zoned
against gas stations. The sta
ton was built before the Zon-
ing act was passed and has
remained even though the
area was zoned residential.
The Mcmillan rider had
the effect Of holding up action
on the bill to repeal the alley
dwelling ban but fortunately
did not block 1t. It was passed
finally without the gas station
proviso. It is absurd that such
q matter should be handled
by Congress. 1t La q zoning
problem properly subject to
modernized city coming con-
troll.
Indeed, the coming problem
has grown 90 complex since
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
Trieste Agreement Will Clear Air

support Of o settlement; and
Foreign Minister Attilio Pic
conf hopes to get Trieste out
Of the way 90 that Italy can
ratify the European Defense
Community treaty.
In Yugoslavia. which has
centered much Of its negotia-
ton in London. Foreign Min
lister Koca Popovic found Tri-
este Q rather awkward obstacle
In negotiating the Balkan pact.
When the Balkan pact II In
effect Yugoslavia will practi-
cally belong to the NATO
group. The Trieste issue stand
ing between neighbors and de-
fensive partners" would be
embarrassing.
Besides, settlement Of the
Trieste question costs Yugo-
slavia nothing except hopes Of
gaining what it never owned.
Signature Of the Trieste
agreement will leave the North
ern Adriatic area without o
territorial dispute for the first
time since the Austro- Hunga-
rian empire was put out Of
business in 1918. Trieste was
the seaport Of that empire.
By the peace treaty Of 1919,
Italy acquired the Austrian
coast on the Adriatic south
ward through the Istrian Pc
ninsula and a hinterland in
habited by Slovenes. italy later
seized Fiume, just across the
new border to extend Italian
holdings In the Slavic area.
In April, 1945, Marshal Tito,
having become dominant in
Yugoslavia, occupied the Ital-
ian territory on the eastern
side Of the Adriatic, includ-
ing Trieste. This action pro-
voked an agreement on June
8, 1945. by which Trieste and
a narrow strip Of territory to
the south was turned over to
the Allies, while Yugoslavia
was permitted to remain in
the southern areas. This was
the start of zones A and B.
U. N. Control
In the treaty of peace with
Italy Of February 10, l947,
the Free Territory Of Trieste
was set up, contiguous along
the Adriatic coast to Italy.
The free territory was to be
under q governor appointed by
the Security Council Of the
United Nations. He was to
operate under q statute guar
anteeing its demilitarization,
independence and integrity.
Annexes provided for q pro-
visional regime until elections
were held and set up q free
port under an international
commission.
The Soviet Union, in one Of
its first moves in the "cold
war;" saw to 1t that the Sc
curity Council did not appoint
. temporary governor for the
Trieste area. On March 20,
1913. the United States, United
Kingdom and France proposed
to the Soviet Union and italy
that they agree to place the
Free Territory Of Trieste once
more under Italian sover-
eighty" The Soviet Union
neither accepted nor rejected
the proposal. Since then the
British American command
has kept order in zone Al.
Until YugoSlavia broke with
the Soviet Union, the allied ac-
ton was resisted before the
Security Council. Since then
Yugoslavia has continued to
administer the southern zone
B and It's relations with tha
NATo group have improved.
=
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
Seven Years Of Freedom Find ndo Pokton Still Far Apart

to Pakistan. But actually. IN
dia probably could improve its
relations with the United
States.if she tried. For funda-
mentally she Is more neutral
in favor Of the West than
in favor Of the Kremlin.
Less than 5 per cent Of the
voters chose Communists in
midas national election in
1852. And India takes only
American aid, not Communist.
She is even building up her
defenses slightly. showing q
certain awarenesS Of the Chi
nese Communist menace to
the north and east.
India makes no effort to
bring home these facts In
America. She flaunts her neu-
tralism. In fact.
America has gotten only the
most perfunctory thanks for
the $500 million worth of aid
sent India since 1851.
What EFFORT the Indians
make to spike rurmors they
are pro- Communist is highly
ineffective. Not even the most
hostile Pakistani thinks In
r Is pro-Red. But many
mericans, in this age Of sus-
picion, do. Former Ambassa-
dor to India Chester Bowles
and current Am b assa dor
George v. Allen have shouted
that India Is not pro- ommu-
mist. But they need more pub
lie declarations from India
herself to convince all Amer
lea.
Paklstan's popularity in the
West, on the other hand, has
grown in the last few months.
Her gratitude for last years
gift Of American wheat was
made to be felt in this coun-
try. When her food problem
improved, she asked the Unit
ed States not to ship the last
100000 tons. She also offered
free labor for the construc-
ton Of the new American EN-
bassy in Karachi.
The one ray Of hope that
India and Pakistan will some
day bury the Ratchet is that
they both are aware Of the
folly Of trying to settle their
differences with fire ana blood
shed as In 1947.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
BY Ann, cottreII Free

A good tin trunk. the man
In the white dh0ti in New Del
hi said. It would not rust.
would keep out mildew. things
you put in it would be as good
as new in years to come.
He was right. The news
papers tossed in it are as white
and fresh looking today as
they were on the day they
were bought-August Is, 1947.
Birth of midas Freedom"
read the Times OF India BAN
ner that day. And Pakistan'S
birth sometimes referred to
by Indians as 'seceSsion") on
the previous day was not over
looked.
Those were days of high en-
thusiasm in Delhi and Ka-
rachi. Even Pandit Nehru
was so excited that he rushed
up to the roof of Parliament
House and tried to quell the
crowds as the last Viceroy Of
India drove up in his gilded
carriage.
Mahatma Gandhi was in CAL
cutta trying to hold back Mos
lem Hindu passions as the
area north of that Seething
city joined Pakistan. In La
hore and other parts Of the
Punjab, there was fire and
bloodshed.
And in the Times OF India
that day there was a remark
able article saying India and
Pakistan should combine their
military forces because only in
unity could there be strength
against an invader.
Same Domestic GooIs
Domestically, India and
Pakistan are devoted to SINH
lar goals. India, with her five
year plan, and Pakistan, with
her six-year one, are trying to
grow more food. develop water
power, educate their people
and build their industries. The
United States. \ the British
commonwealth and the United
Nations are helping both
countries.
But when it comes to for
eign relations. between them
selves and with the rest of
the world, the two nations
are travelling widely divergent
paths.
In the seven years that
have passed since they came
into the world, neither coun-
try has spoken of independence
quite SO often as it has Of
partition" Constant reference
to that one word shows that
the division and bitterness
between the two countries has
remained as great as ever,
rather than reduced since 1947.
Nehru summed up the In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15

troops she has in zone A.
They have been trying to do
that for years. but Yugoslavia
had been firmly intrenched in
zone B while conditions in
zone A were unsettled.
A memorandum of May Q,
1852, attempted to pave the
way for withdrawal by giving
Italy virtual control over the
civil administration of Trieste.
But the Anglo : American =
Italian understanding led to
riots in Rome, Belgrade and
Trieste itself and was aban-
doned. The allies tried unsuc-
cessfully to bring italy and
Yugoslavia together. Then, in
an effort to force the issue. an
Anglo American declaration
of October. 1858, announced
the intention Of withdrawing
troops from zone A and In
trusting its administration to
Italy.
Quiet Reception
Credit for the quiet recep-
ton of that announcement by
both parties, and their willing
ness to seek an agreement. is
due each country, but for diff
ferent reasons. Apparently
both ale politically convinced
that, under present circum-
stances, the issue of Trieste is
one of diminishing returns.
Premier Giuseppe Pella Of
Italy. after discussions last
autumn with Ambassador
Clare Boothe Luce, began
agitating for q solution Of the
problem before the issuance
of the Anglo Italian state
ment in October. The present
Premier, Mario Scelba. has
shown courage in continuin
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
By Denys P. Myers

When Italy and Yugoslavia
finally sign the agreement on
Trieste-an agreement which,
in basic form, already has been
reached log jam In inter-
national diplomatic problems
will be broken.
First, Yugoslavia will prob
ably be ready to welcome Italy
into the Balkan pact, which
was signed with Greece and
Turkey last week; and italy
will have no further objec-
tions to Yugoslavia's joining
NATO. These two moves will
I'LL in the defense outline Of
the NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
ranean area.
Second, the way will be
cleared for Italian ratification
of the European Defense Com
munity treaty, which Italy Is
holding up to assure help from
its NATO allies on the Trieste
negotiations.
Third, normal development
of economic and political
relations between italy and
Yugoslavia can get under way.
The agreement, now close to
signature, has been arrived at
with the active encourage
ment of Britain and the
United States. Technically 1t
will be described as "juridi-
cally provisional" For all
practical purposes, however.
it is expected to be the final
word on the Trieste area in
the foreseeable future.
Russia Freeze Out
But by terming it provi-
sional, the negotiators can
keep the Soviet Union out of
the transaction. Russia, Of
course, was party to the
1947 Italian peace treaty
which provided for a free
territory of Trieste" under q
U. N.-appointed governor. The
Soviet Union blocked appoint
ment of a governor. but 1t
claims the treaty still stands
and insists on a voice in deter
mining the future of Trieste.
meanwhile the northern
portion of the Trieste area.
known as Zone A." has re-
NAMED under joint British
American control; the south
ern part, Zone B." has been
under Yugoslav administra-
tion.)
The free territory idea
now will be tossed into the
already crowded attic Of his
tory's foresaken projects.
Russia may complain. but
with Italy. Yugoslavia and
the Western powers in agree
ment the complaints will net
the Kremlin little.
AS far as Italy and Yugo-
slavia are concerned. the re-
ported terms of the agree
ment look like the best
settlement presently attain
able. The agreement divides
UP the Trieste area, but does
not prejudice any final claims
either party might some day
make.
Division
The area win be cut in two
near the present dividing lin,
between zones A and B.
Zone A, containing some 81
square miles of territory. in
GLIDING the free port city o.
Trieste and having a popula'
ton of about 100000, wouls
be placed under italian sdmin'
istration. Zone B, about III
square miles with a popula
ton Of about $4,000. woult
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
BoIkons

The worlds only anti-Krem-
lin Communist government.
Yugoslavia. settled q little more
snugly into the free worlds
European network Of defenses
against the Soviet bloc last
week.
Foreign Minister Koca Popo-
vich. acting on behalf Of Presi-
dent Tito. initiated q 20-year
mutual defense pact with
Greece and Turkey, the two
southeast European end-men
in the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization. Parliaments in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15

has adopted . foreign policy
whose basic ingredient IL
neutralism. . frustrating thing
for many American leaders.
CALIFORNIA; Senator william
r. Knowland keeps insisting
that India make UP her mind.
India, however, feels her mind
il quite made up. She will join
no bloc. though she may be-
come the leader Of her own.
Public Relations Matter
Given these two foreign
policies. 1t Is not hard to
understand that Pakistan's
public relations in the United
States are good and midas are
bad. Behind the Iron Curtain
India obviously is preferred
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
Public Relations Matter
CONTINUED From Page A-250

S@OAAtAkAACA AOAA u6O "a 0O'
ment, almost one-fourth of
the gross national product,
which has expanded the in
dustrial plant quickly. Another
is the delay in bringing Ger
many into EDO. which left the
country unburdened by huge
defense costs and losses of
critical materials to unpro-
ductive military production.
Labor's contribution has
been q generally benign atti-
tude toward employers. They
have held OF from any big
campaigns for substantial pay
boosts. contenting themselves
i with modest increases-until
this summer.
Last week labor passed the
word that the honeymoon was
over. There were whispers Of
. general strike" but 20 far
stoppages were not that wide
spread. There was unrest In
both private industry and gov
eminent utilities. In Bavaria,
about half Of the areas 250-
600 metal workers-all that
were organized into unions
struck for an IS per cent raise
In basic wage, plus q 10 per
cent hike for those paid by
the hour. AL the ball-bear-
ing plants except one were
shut down.
In Hamburg. $4,000 public
transport employees won q rs
per cent increase in monthly
pay.
On the national level, the
Adenauer government refused
to consider q 10 per cent raise
for 825, 900 discontented pub
lie service, transport and COM
munication workers.
Other groups seeking raises
include the 100000 metal
workers in the Ruhr area,
100000 coal miners In the
Ruhr, and the nation wide Civil
Service Union with about ]
million members.
Another headache for the
Adenauer government has been
the growing indignation over
the detection Of DR.. Otto John
to Communist East Germany.
DR.. John held a press confer
ence last week to gloat over
fooling the West German adj
ministration (and the United
States. He deity parted
embarrassing questions and
took the current Communist
line that America is eager
to start a big war.
Yesterday in Washington, as
If in retaliation for the John
performance, the United States
paraded It's prize defector, Yuri
A. Rastvorov, Soviet ex-spy in
Japan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
House

Bill granting temporary Z
per cent pay BOOST to postal
workers. Passed. 352-29.
For: HYDE tR.. Md: Small tR.,
Md; Broyhill CR., Val,
Against: Smith 3D., va.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-15
Nearby Votes

Votes Of Maryland and Vir-
ginia legislators on major roll
calls, August Z through IA.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1954-07-09
GETTING ALONG WITH PEOPLE IS
DIFFICULT TASK SAYS WRITER
BY Minnie Lomax in the Los Angeles TRIBUNE

things in life that put the highest
relationships find it difficult to get along CON-
fortaby that TO and then
naturally qualified for the task Of getting
with their owmen indeed and very little attention
given the training of the
the pleasant Of the routine OF daily
can't for certain just what
viii that these cannot be associated with those
considered congena Human nature how
complex have long
viii something didn't dream there AL
sometimes in estimates Of people
the popular ideas who might associate agreeab to-
social station and
condition other companions This has look
probability until turn to know who really
hypocres facts they
perceive friendship is
spite fortune
Another belief is that interested in the things
associates would however Of
present Instances thing
Ill feeling especially convinced of the
oy Of his knowledge the subject II the thing
different seldom that the opposite
that that ourselves and desire
incnaons II
likeness that mutual understanding impossible there
certain charm to association with who different
personally particularly
organizations instinct avoid much
b treat with contempt those who not thoroughly
conditions place have
deal with who dstastefu whether like not
attitude forced
foster admiration make the asoca
along with people
different opinions something yielded both
sides Unsehness and asonableness will make compatibility
1t has been said that the ideal club both social and purosefu