davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-05-14
The Gloomy Outlook at Geneva
Returning Diplomats Look Ahead to Long-Ronee Threat
To the West-Dominution by Communist Asiotics
Constantine Brown

American officials who have
returned from Geneva are
gloomier than the press and
radio reports from the con-
ference city.
It is not so much the fate
Of Wet Nam. Korea or South
east Asia which is being set
tied there but that of the
white race. It is not so much
the policy Of Asia for Ash
atics" which is involved, but
the question of whether or not
the end of this century will
see the twilight of Western
civilization and the beginning
Of domination by the yellow
races.
The alarm sounded some so
years ago by Emperor William
of Germany about the yellow
peril"-which was then inter-
preted to be only a thin dis
guise to grab some special
privileges in China-emergeS
with more meaning these days.
There seems to be no doubt
In the minds Of clear-thinking
political men that a likely
capitulation of the West to the
Communists at Geneva will
open the way for the yellow
era" within possibly less than
half a century.
The Communist delegates
from China, the Wet Mimi
and North Korea are saturnine
individuals. They are being
displayed to Western eyes for
the first time since diplomatic
initiative passed from the
hands Of the Western powers
to those of the U. S. S. r.
and Communist China. The
Asiatic Communist diplomats
overshadow the representa-
tives Of the West. Even their
mentor, Moscow'S Foreign
Minister Molotov, treats them
with a difference and respect
he never showed his Western
colleagues during the last war
when the Kremlin desperately
needed our help.
Observers watching the So
Wet foreign minister detect
an element of almost humility
Evening star., 1954-05-14

league. AS chairman Of the
Senatorial Campaign Commit
tee, Senator DirkSen still has
expectations Of using Senator
Mccarthy as q Republican
campaigner this fall.
The part of Senator Dirk
sens proposal designed to
please Senator Mccarthy was
that which would have pre-
vented public testimony by
John G. Adams, counsel to the
Department of the Army, as
well as public testimony by the
Senator's two aides, Roy Cohn
and Francis P. Carr. Senator
Mccarthy is reported to fear
Mr.. Adams because he was
the Army's direct liaison with
the Senator and his aides and
knows much more detail of the
relationship between the Army
and them than does Secretary
Stevens. Mr.. Adams testi-
mony already about Roy
Cohn's threats and his abusive
language gives a clue as to
why Senator Mccarthy would
have preferred not to have him
or Mr.. Cohn testify in public.
Also, the Senator is leary gen.
orally of cross-examination by
MIR. WEIGH, special counsel for
the Army in the controversy.
Evening star., 1954-05-14

"the feel Of the job" and
wonder how to help him get it.
There is considerable injus-
tice IN the harsh words heaped
on the Republican congress
sional leadership. These lead
ers have bare majorities; the
party is faction-ridden and
bedevilled by Mccarthy. They
get no clear mandate from the
White House, day in and day
out, to help them keep fretful
members in line. COP. pa
tronage problems remain large
ly unsolved.
Congress talks a great deal
about its prerogatives and it's
independence of the Execu-
tive. In actual practice, mem
bers, especially in the House,
depend on the President to
make so strong a case for his
policies that they can use him
as an alibi at home for their
votes.
Scripps-Howard editors re-
port a very favorable re-
sponse" to their Get Going"
warning to the President. At
least his attention should be
attracted to the fact that a
major supporter has taken him
to task while informing him
that Harry Truman has given
him good advice.
Evening star., 1954-05-14

in his dealings with the Ash
50 atics. When Chou En-lai.
Nam II and Van Dong. the
delegates from China. North
Korea and the Wet Mini,
arrived in Geneva, Molotov
not only met them at the air
port but escorted them to
the luxury hotels, where whole
floors had been reserved for
them, and followed them to
their quarters.
Like the Russians, the Ash
attic Communists provide their
own security. The chief of the
Geneva police, Maurice
Knechte. a man accustomed to
handling international confer
ences, has his hands full this
time. The Communist diplo-
mats are accompanied by some
200 special secret policemen
who have nothing to do with
the Swiss police.
Molotov, who lives in a man
sion in Geneva's suburbs, has
ordered the Swiss police guard
to remain outside the several
acres of grounds. Some SO
MVD men armed with tommy
guns mount guard day and
night inside the compound.
Chou, Nam II and Van Dong
are always escorted by some
20 tough-looking individuals
who fan out in Information
every time their excellencies
alight from or enter their
shiny Cadillac and Chrysler
automobiles, rented for the
duration Of the conference
from a Swiss agency. The
rest of the secret agents stand
guard at the Palais >des Nations
and in the lobbies of the hotels.
We are playing second fiddle
at Geneva. But there is no
question that the other two
Western principals, the French
and British, are concerned.
Yet a kind of fatalistic doom
seems to have gripped them.
While they admit that the
impending surrender, which
Messrs. Bidault and Eden de-
scribe as a compromise agree
ment to avoid further blood
Evening star., 1954-05-14

ing here is q failure not of al
lied diplomacy-which, indeed,
has been resourceful and en-
ergetic in its effort to find ac-
ceptable solutions-but a plain
manifestation of the Commu-
mist refusal to bend an inch
on Korea. together with almost
as unyielding a position on
Indo- China
This conference has been
told by Soviet representative
Molotov that Moscow has no
faith in the United Nations as
an impartial body to supervise
elections in Korea and that,
in fact. the organization was
actually a "belligerent" in the
Korean war. Such reputation
of the United Nations makes
little sense when 1t is consid-
cred that the Soviet govern
ment has been trying to get
the government of Red China
admitted to the Security
Council.
Mr.. Molotov's speech here
denouncing the United Nations
makes it clear that he is not
concerned with what that or
ganization does. One wonders,
therefore, why the other mem
bers Of the United Nations
haven't long ago expelled So
Wet Russia for giving military
aid to the Communist armies
in the Korean war-a fact
publicly admitted by Soviet
delegate Vishinsky 1t a ses-
sion of the United Nations
General Assembly over a year
ago. Maybe if the Communists
were expelled from the United
Nations-as the Moscow gov
ernment was fired out of the
League of Nations a few dec
AIDES ago-there would be more
unity on the side Of the nom
Communist countries as they
strive to perfect truly pow
erful instrumentality of COL
lective security.
Evening star., 1954-05-14
David Lawrence
No Settlements Of Asia Crisis
mposse on Korea IndecisNe Proposal on ndoChino Seem
Only Possible Results Of Communist Intronsigeonce

GENEVA, May 14.-It is pos
sible now to give an outline Of
what is going to happen at this
conference with respect to both
the Indo-C China and the Ko-
rean problems.
First. there is to be no set
tlement of the controversy
over unifying North and South
Korea. The proposal of the
Communists that an all-Ko-
rean election be held without
supervision by the United Ma
tions has brushed aside all
hopes Of any agreement. This
conference will merely an
nounce in due time the points
. OF difference and express the
hope that at some future time,
perhaps with the rising in
f1uence of world opinion, the
United Nations itself can take
it up again.
Second, as to Indo-China.
there will be patched-up pro-
posal to bring about a cessa-
ton OF hostilities, but the
United States will not be salts
fed with the plan because of
a fear that the Communists
will be able thereby to over
run all of Indo- China. Accord
ingly. as was announced in the
early days of this conference
by Secretary of State Dulles.
the American Government
will "disassociate" itself from
the proposal.
There is no certainty that
the Communists will accept it
which, of course, would re-
lieve everybody on the allied
side from embarrassment
Such a result would also mean
stepped-up military operations
In 1ndo-China. with more ma
terlal aid from the United
States than before, though
America has no intention at
present Of using any of her
manpower there. This can
Evening star., 1954-05-14
Fletcher KnebeH
Potomac Fever

Chairman Mundt permits commercial
Mccarthy hearings Best bet manufacturers
pete with psychiatrists
Harry Truman demands lower taxes and higher spending
Very sound If tried earlier this country wouldn't
had business sumpor business wouldn't country
to slump in.
Army Counselor Adams says he just tried to get along with
Joe Mccarthy Did just right he'd along
better, Dave Schne might be major general today.
Senators Jenner and McCarran demand that United
States diplomatic relations with Russia
feels conpimented This the somebody
Congress is accusing him of diplomacy.
One Washington official reports he has been overwhelmed
by the Mccarthy hearings After watching
on TV his wife went out and bought living suite
Ike signs into law the st.
Washington this will ree-consdering the
employed lobbyists who'll be applying for it,
They that Army Secretary responding very
well to his penicn shots after days testimony Any day
now he'll be ready for the pasma
Evening star., 1954-05-14
Doris FIeeson-
President Is Urged to Lead
EISENHOWER Bockers Warn He Must Take the Helm
Vigorously Despite His Dislike for Controversy

An important break has
taken place in the almost mon
ollthic press support President
Eisenhower personally has en-
Joyed since the beginning of
his candidacy.
Get Going. Ike" is the cap
ton on a tart editorial in the
ScrippS = Howard newspapers
which have been increasingly
unhappy about current trends
but up to now had blamed
only Mccarthy and Republi-
cans in Congress. In their pres
ent view "it is about time for
Ike to lose his temper and
raise some hell"
Asserting that the President
us dealing with a Congress
which has defaulted-a Re-
publican leadership which has
failed to lead" the editorial
admoniShes him to provide
the leadership or he will be
run over by an ox-cart."
An unanswered question
when the new administration
took over was how the Presi-
dent would react to the criti-
cism bound to come his way
II he stayed in the White
House very long. He had had
almost none of it during his
10 years tenure as a military
hero and an international ad-
ministrator.
Evening star., 1954-05-14
Bricker Asks Regulation
OF ~, Radio Networks
BY the Assoeioted Press

Senator Bricker, Republican,
of Ohio called yesterday for Fed
eral regulation of radio and tele-
vision networks.
Only individual stations now
are subject to Federal licensing.
"The ability of an individual
station to obtain network pro-
gramming too often determines
whether that station lives or
dies" Senator Bricker told the
Senate.
Senator Bricker, chairman of
the Senate Commerce Commit
tee. said it had received many
complaints from all parts of the
country, and also from several
Senators, outlining the difficult
Evening star., 1954-05-14

The policies he then exc
cuted were devised by Pres
ldentS Roosevelt and Truman.
They did not reach him until
they had been hammered out
on the congressional anvil and
had passed muster in the court
of public opinion. BY that
time, they were national pol
1cies. If not universally popu-
lar at least widely accepted.
In the process of achieving
policy. Gen. Eisenhower was
of course often called as an
expert witness. But he was
beyond controversy in that
role, praised and supported by
Democrats and Republicans
alike. For his part. he was al
ways adroit and sincere, ef-
fortlessly creating an aura of
being above partisanship,
which surely helped him to
win the presidency so easily.
In refusing to "take the ball
and run with it" he has acted
in character and not even the
harsh realities he is presently
facing have sufficed to change
him. The Senate has not
curbed Senator Mccarthy but
the President still declines
that combat. He is delegating
more authority. not less. The
experienced politicians on
Capitol Hill quietly talk about
Evening star., 1954-05-14
Thonos L. Stokes
Thon1os 1. Stokes
Stevens Foi|s Political Operators
Victory Seen for Secretary of the Army Blocking Attempt
To Gut Oft Hearing Before Other Principals Testify

Secretary Of the Army Robert
Stevens is supposed to be
somewhat naive politically
and that very likely is so.
Nevertheless, the quiet
spoken, mild-mannered gen.
tleman completely foiled some
of the slickest political opera
tors in the business, and the
capital Is chuckling about it.
He did it when he stopped
their attempt, directed by the
veteran Senator Dirksen. Re
publican, of Illinois, to cut
short the current investiga-
ton before it got the whole
story of Senator Joe Nc
Carthy's assault upon the
United States Army.
The story of Secretary Ste
vens' triumph is a fascinating
one 1t has some of the as
poets of the clean-cut young
man who routs the ruff1ans.
1t reflects credit on him, but
hardly the same on some Re-
publican Party leaders who
were ready to sacrifice him
cold-bloodedly in an effort to
shut down the damaging spec
tacle or to appeaSe Senator
Mccarthy.
At their own devious, ruth
less political game. the politi-
cally unskilled Secretary of the
Army beat them not by trying
to play politics, but by playing
it straight. That is often the
best way in politics, though
seldom tried. The Army Secre-
tary took his stand for getting
the whole truth on the record
in the public gaze. for putting
all the other principals" in
volved in the controversy
through the same ordeal he
had endured, and there he
stood firmly along with his
shrewd counsel, Joseph N.
Welch, who has absolutely no
fear of Joe Mccarthy or any,
body else, high or low.
Politicians frequently are
unable to see clearly because
of the atmosphere of intrigue
in which they operate. They
often fail to assess properly
the effect of their maneuvers
upon the public. That hap
pened with Senator DirkSen
and his Republican associates
on the committee, with a sin
gle exception.
At least Senator Mundt, Re-
Evening star., 1954-05-14

publican. Of South Dakota.
committee chairman, reacted
as If he saw clearly. He acted,
too. as If he saw how the out
side observer, the man in the
street. would look upon the
Dirksen proposal to have Sem
ator Mccarthy only on the
stand after Secretary Stevens
and shove the other witnesses
into a closed session, or sweep
the dirt under the rug" as
Democrats put it. The only
conclusion of the outside OBJ
server would be how unfair
that would be to the Secretary
of the Army who had occupied
the witness chair for II DAYS.
and how cruel Of the party
which he serves to abandon
him thus. Secretary Stevens.
according to polls and reports,
has made a good impression
upon the public.
When Senator Mundt found
that Secretary Stevens felt
cutting short the hearings
as Senator Dirksen proposed
would be unfair, he cast the
deciding vote against the Illi-
nols Senator's motion. AS of
now, this seems the better
political Judgment.
So far as the course of
events can be pieced together
here, Secretary Stevens was
acting on his own. That was
the word from his superior.
Secretary of Defense Wilson.
Nor is there any indication
that Mr.. Stevens got any
prompting or announcement
from the White House, strange
as that might seem, other than
the public word from President
Eisenhower at a news con-
ference a week previously
reiterating the Presidents 100
per cent support. Obviously,
Senator Dirksen also was op-
Grating on his own, though
he had a cue from the PreSi-
dents publicly expressed de-
sire that the investigation
should be finished as early as
possible; but acting, of course,
on behalf of the party's Senate
leadership.
What Senator DirkSen was
doing was to Senator McCar-
thy's interest. The Illinois
Senator has somewhat of a
stake in his Wisconsin col
Evening star., 1954-05-14

happen only if there is a gen.
eral outbreak and the Chinese
engage in what is called by
Mr.. Dulles "open interven-
ton"
But if the Communists do
accept some sort Of armiStice
Setup, the United States will
go ahead anyway with its long
range plans for a Southeast
Asia collective security pact
and will try to wall off the
area and at the same time fur
niSh indirect assistance to the
allied governments which ac-
cept the armistice. The pur-
pose would be to prevent the
armistice line from breaking
down. While this doesn't
mean a guarantee, it does
mean an effort to contain the
situation within its bound
aries.
All this is a far cry from
real peace but, if Moscow and
Peiping do want to stop the
war-Something that hasn't
been evident thus far-then
such an opportunity is avail
able to them here. One
theory prevalent is that the
Communist leaders in Peiping
and Moscow are actually in
tereSted in seeing a plan
adopted that will make pos
sible a political infiltration in
the three Indo-China states,
rather than trying to keep the
area divided permanently by a
military armiStice line, and
hence the Reds will insist on
elections. This unpalatable
plan is vexing a wavering
French cabinet in Paris
So, while it is conceivable
that something of a stopgap
in the Indo- China situation
can materialize. there is only
a fifty-f1fty chance Of it. It
seems certain that the So
calledSSettlement will not be
one that the United States
Government would guarantee.
What the world is witness
Evening star., 1954-05-14
Dorothy Thonpson-
French Intelligence Failed
Entire Strategy Of Dealing With Reds in Indo-Chino
Was Based on an Estimate Now Proved to Be FoIse

What has emerged posthu-
mously to the fall of Dien Bien
Phu is the failure of the
French military intelligence.
The French strategy of
dealing with the Wet Mimi
forces (the Navarro plan)
was based on the belief that
the Wet Mimi did not COM
mand superiority of numbers
in the form of organized mill
tary forces, and that if they
could be drawn out for en-
gagement in decisive battle
the organized units could be
decimated, the Wet Namese
Evening star., 1954-05-14

shed in Asia. might be injuri.
Gus to the major interests Of
the West. they are unwilling
to adopt a different policy.
We have offered them the log
ical solution: "A united front
Of free nations and strong
warning to the Reds that their
aggressive endeavors will be
answered with a full retalia-
ton. This solution was in.
tended to serve short-range
and long-range purposes. The
short range purpose was to
halt further Communist ag-
gression against the free ASH
attic peoples. The long-range
policy was to enable the free
Asiatic nations to develop
their complete freedom in an
orderly manner and in CO.
operation with instead Of hos
tillty to the West.
The proposal was turned
down by the British. we are
told privately by some Of their
spokesmen, because it would
have caused q serious political
disturbance in the British Isles.
resulting probably in new elec-
tions. The Conservatives don't
want them now. They say that
until the question of success
sion to Winston Churchill as q
leader Of the party has been
decided. a general election
must be avoided at any price.
Special interests also have con-
ditioned public opinion in
Great Britain to believe that
only an agreement with the
Soviet and Peiping regimes can
bring prosperity back to Brit
ain.
The French are disheartened {
by their military defeats In
Wet Nam. Public opinion, con-
dltioned to see only Germany
as the mortal enemy Of their
country. demands an early end
OF the eight-year war in Indo.
China. Western statesmanship
follows an ostrich policy. It re.
1uses to see that behind the
present troubles which could
be solved by common action
looms the gravest threat to our
civilization: A Communist Asia.
Evening star., 1954-05-14

gain time in which to build
their own organized native
forces. and the campaign
eventually be reduced to the
mopping up of guerrillas.
If this analysis were cor
rect, American aid was needed
only in the form of increased
firepower, the American warn
ing to Red China not to in
tervene directly in the war
could be fruitful, and the
Geneva Conference would be
well-timed. It would occur
when relative strength in the
test struggle in Asia would be
Evening star., 1954-05-14

on the side Of the West; when
the threat Of greatly increased
american Intervention, with.
out the commitment of An,cri.
can troops. would be an effec.
tive diplomatic ace; and when.
therefore. it would be possible
to negotiate an armistice from
"a position of strength"
The only trouble with this
logic was that its basic prem
Use was. as is now quite ap-
parent. incorrect-that the
Wet Mini forces were den.
cient IN effective organized
military units Of manpower.
Whether this effectively or
ganized manpower contained
Chinese units or individual
volunteers" is at this ad-
vanced stage, irrelevant. II
such participants were already
there an American threat to
stop them from starting to be
there could not be an effective
diplomatic weapon.
So the Wet Mimi and the
representatives of the Chinese
Peoples Republic came to
Geneva, not to compromise but
to demand terms amounting to
unconditional surrender, while
the United States went with
demands which it had not the
power or the force in being on
the spot to back UP. acting 90
though the thesis on which It
prepared its diplomacy were
still intact and not dissipated
by the events.
The moment Is not only crit
ical. It is alarming. It is
alarming because no power
would presently appear to be
in q position to stop the Red
Chinese by any means short Of
q possible world holocaust.
The Russians, who would
have every long-range reason
to do so, are their allies,
though in serious danger Of be-
coming their eventual prison.
ers. And American policy
identifies-and thus contrib
utes to solidify-RuSsian and
Red Chinese interests.
The United States. long be-
unused by reliance on super
duper weapons and committed
by its leadership to checking
communism ins Southeast Asia
as a major policy Of American
defense, has been engaged
during the past fortnight in q
ridiculous and irrelevant fight
within its own administration.
Our British allies have shown
themselves opposed to associ-
ate themselves even morally
with American Intervention,
and the United States Is thus
blocked abroad and cornered
at home.
In such a situation, where
any settlement that makes
important concessions will be
viewed at home as unacceptable
appeasement, choices appear
to be either further clustering,
intransigence and inaction.
accompanied by such bewilder.
ing public reversals as Mr..
Dulles Of May IL. implying
the total abandonment Of
Indo- China. or disguised with
drawal altogether from lack
of support, or a decision to
shoot a way out of both the
foreign and domestic impasse.
with or without allies.
All three alternatives are
alarming. and the third would
be catastrophe. Yet It may
come II the Communists. bent
on putting the "containment"
policy into reverse. everyday
their hand. convinced that in
a showdown there are no
limits to appeasement.
Evening star., 1954-05-14
Red Freiehter Reported
Seized by NotionuIists
BY the Associated Press

TAIPEH, Formosa. May IA
Nationalist navy and air force
units teamed to capture an
8,000-ton Chinese Communist
freighter east of Formosa yes
terday, newspapers here reported
today.
Official sources indicated the
report was substantially correct
but refused to comment. News
paper accounts said a naval
boarding party took over without
a shot being fired and is sailing
the vessel to a Formosan port.
Evening star., 1954-05-14

ties encountered by certain
broadcast stations in negotiating
affiliations with the various net
works.
The Senator said he had asked
the Federal Communications
Commission and other Govern
ment agencies to submit COM
ments as soon as practicable on
the bill he proposes. preparatory
to exploration of the matter by
the committee.
Evening star., 1954-05-14
Army Shifts Two Generals

SEOUL, May II (R.--Maj.
Gen. Edmund B. sebree today
was named commander of the
United States 7th Division. re-
placing Maj. Gen. Lionel G..
McGarr, the 9th Army an
nounced. Gen. McGarr will
take charge of the Caribbean
Command. Gen. Sebree headed
American forces in Trieste in
1851 and 1852.