davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27

little effort is being put toward road
paving.
The one good road in Yugoslavia
connects the principal cities of Bel
grade and Iagreb, a distance Of 240
miles. It was completed only four
years ago. During the 24O-mile drive
this writer saw only nine automobiles.
Gasoline can be obtained only at CO.
mile intervals.
There are no privately owned pas
senger cars. They are owned by the
government and allotted for use only
to Communist Party officials, factory
managers, hotel directors, bankers,
doctors, government officials. The car
goes with the job, not with the indi-
vidual. There are q total Of about
5000 cars in Yugoslavia, one for. each
5000 persons. I'm the United States
the ratio is one for each four persons.)
The government has unique way
of discouraging factory or hotel from
buying too many automobiles for use
OF its officials. It multiplies the pur-
chase price by nine to determine the
tax. Thus Chevrolet, for example,
costs $4,000. the car being $4,000 and
the tax $4,000.
The Yugoslavian government, follow
ing the basic Communist doctrine, is
anti-church. The religions are East
ern Orthodox CAT per cent?. Roman
Catholic t36 per cent?, Mohammedan
Gil per cent?, q few Professionals.
Tito Is careful about attacking the
church openly. preferring to combat 1t
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27
Welcome, Leqionnoires!

Washington takes pride in welcoming
and extending traditional hospitality to the
American Legion, an organization dedicated
to upholding the high principles of the
founding fathers and composed of men who
have demonstrated their willingness to fight
for those principles.
The Legion, conceived in World War
and greatly expanded in World War II and
In the Korean conflict, truly is representa-
tive OF croSS-section of American citizenry
Veterans OF all the armed services who
joined in defense Of their country in these
emergencies now are banded together in
peacetime in behalf Of many worthwhile
causes and projects. Foremost in their
minds in their annual conventions is de-
termination to work for a stronger national
defense, especially through more attention
to trained manpower and better provision
for those serving under arms or who have
completed service. The Legion has been a
powerful force for attainment of these
detectives.
It has been predicted that this will be
the largest convention and parade in local
history. Certainly the influx of so many
visitors presents the city with unusual traf-
f1c, housing and other problems But careful
preparations have been made by public and
private authorities and groups to accommo-
date the throngS with a minimum of in
convenience to both the visitors and the
residents. Legion officials have evidenced
commendable willingness to cooperate
with the police in traffic arrangements and
In preserving order throughout the conven-
ton period. Washingtonians, proud of their
city as the seat of Government, are glad to
share the Capitals oft-publicized attrac-
tions, natural and man-made, with the
thousands of guests making up the Legion's
1854 pilgrimage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27
Associated Press wirephoto.

The official Yugoslav reply is. I'VE
can't conceive Of q war without Yugo-
slavia being involved"
This, Of course, is anything but pre-
else. It leaves unanswered q basic ques-
ton: Would she voluntarily become
involved" if, for example, West Ger
many were attacked? Would she volun-
tarily become involved" If Russia were
to attack the United States?
What about Tito and his grip on
YugoSlavia? German, French, American
and English newspapermen in Yugo-
slavia agree that in severing ties with
Moscow, Tito was expressing the senti-
ment Of the people. Russia had ex-
pected a revolt.
Tito and his Executive Committee
of about IS have absolute control
Competent observers report little evil
dence of an underground; revolu-
ton against the Communist regime
who themselves gained power through
revolution-is considered remote. The
secret police are coldly, brutally effi-
cient. IS
The government keeps close check
taurant in Belgrade a newspaperman
with many years experience in Yugo-
slavia pointed out to this writer a
person sitting inconspicuously in a far
corner. We were told he was Of the
secret police to ascertain If any Yugo-
slav was spending beyond his known
income Gall incomes are approximately
the same.
The theory is that if any native is
spending too much he must be getting
the money from black market or
is being paid by anti-Tito sources.
The Yugoslav rulers. from personal
experience, know all the tricks of the
trade and they are taking no chances.
Yet it seems clear, judging from in
formation available in Belgrade, that
despite Yugoslavia's sad economic
plight and her lack of individual lib
critics, the people are eating high on
the hog compared to her Iron Curtain
neighbors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27

indirectly. A current government pub
lication. for example, castigates the
Catholic bishops for their lack Of en-
thuSiaSm for communism.
Less than month ago the Serbian
Orthodox Church leader of Montenegro
was convicted of anti Yugoslav activ-
tiles and sentenced to II years and six
months in prison.
But church attendance in Yugoslavia
has increased, perhaps a tribute to the
desire for freedom on the part of the
people.
Is Yugoslavia potentially strong
enough nation to be an effective ally?
Primarily an agricultural nation, it
is the Balkans principal mineral pro-
Queer: Iron ore. coal. fifth in world
production of antimony, sixth in chro-
mite production, eighth in bauxite and
10th in lead. It is one Of Europe's lead
ing timber producers.
Yugoslavia has 100000 men under
arms, including the police force. This is
more than any other nation except the
United States. Russia and three others.
Is the United States justified in pour
ing American dollars and military aid
into this Communist nation? To this
question, dozens and dozens of Italians
additionally unfriendly toward Yugo-
Slavia, replied: I'VE do not understand
America. You say you are fighting
Communists and communism, yet you
are building up Communist country
and Communist dictator"
But to American military men, aid
to YugoSlavia makes sense. They like
the 00.000-man army. They like the
superb fighting qualities of the Yugo-
slav soldier, his capacity to endure
hardships and the bitter winters. Many
are enthusiastic about the new Balkan
pact between Yugoslavia. Greece and
Turkey.
But none can answer the basic ques-
tion-and the answer to that determines
the wisdom or unwisdom Of American
aid to Communist Yugoslavia: "Will
Tito fight II Western nations are
attacked"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27

being, perhaps more for psychological war
fare reasons than for their potentialities as
fighting ships. The huge craft are useful in
making show Of force at appropriate times
and places during cold war, but their uses
are limited in a hot war. The Navy In this
atomic era would rather have large carriers
than battlewagons So the proud Missouri
is headed for retirement, her place In, his
tory secure as a veteran of two Pacific cam
paigns and as the scene Of the japanese
surrender. Few ships have served their
country so well.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27
The Mccarthy Charges

Senator Watkins and his committee
colleagues have done good job Of screen
ing the charges against Senator Mccarthy.
AS things stand, the censure proposal
will be decided on the basis Of i've catego-
ries Of charges, embracing 10 of the original
46 overlapping accusations filed by Senators
Morse, Fulbright and Flanders. The others,
for one reason or another, have been dis
carded.
There will be regret that some of the
accusations have been dropped. It is re-
ported, for instance, that the committee
does not intend to make an issue of Sena-
tor McCarthy's shameful attack Of last June
on General Marshall Certainly this was a
performance which, in the popular sense,
invites cenSure. It is understandable, how
ever, that the Watkins committee should
be reluctant to undertake anything which
might lead to the curbing of Senator's
freedom of expression. More harm than
good might be done if the price Of prevent
ing occasional abuse were to be curtailment
of the freedom itself. If Senator Mccarthy
is to be censured for the things he put in
the record about General Marshall, the CEN
surfing will have to be done by his constitu-
ents when he comes up again for election.
The burden of the complaint against
Senator Mccarthy revolves around three of
the five categories The two others seem
less impressive One of these concerns his re-
fusal to accede to a request, dated November
81, 1852, that he appear and testify before
subcommittee on privileges and elections.
This charge is weakened by the fact that
the incident occurred nearly two years ago,
and the Senate, at that time, did nothing
about it. The second charge which seems
rather on the weak side deals with his
abusive criticisms of other Senators. # no
issue is to be made of Senator McCarthy'S
scurrilous attacks on General Marshall, it
may be wondered whether there will be
much stomach for censuring him because OF
milder attacks on Senator'S.
Actually, the three remaining catego-
ries cover the nub of the grievance against
the wisconsin Senator. These include his
appeal to executive employees to come to him
with confidential information in violation
of their oaths, his alleged improper use OF
a classified FBI document, and his intern
perate attack, while serving as an agent OF
the Senate, on the patriotism and character
of General wicker when the latter was
witness before the Mccarthy subcommittee.
It seems to The Star that these charges,
it they can be proved, and if they cannot be
satisfactorily explained away, afford ample
basis for cer1suring Senator Mccarthy. 1t is
gratifying that the Watkins committee Is
proceeding on such a sound basis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27
/ letters to The Star

not Offset the steady stream of refu-
gees from East Germany to the West.
DR., John and Deputy Schmidt
Wittmock show that we are winning
the cold war.
Claude Marshall Lee, M. ID.
Coins in Fountains
There are beautiful fountains in
and around Washington, and now that
the emergency drive of the March of
Dimes is on, I would like to suggest
that people throw coins into these
fountains and make wish with the
throwing of each coin. Samuel Glenn.
Tripoli Treaty
The letter in your August II issue
from Donald M. Succop, field represen-
tative. American Humanist Association,
simply repeats the allegation made
about the 1897 treaty with Tripoli in
James E. Curry's letter, published
August 3. It quotes from Barlows pur-
ported translation of the only official
version of the treaty. which is in Arabic.
Barlow, however. was not competent
Arabic scholar. When examined by ex-
perts in Arabic, what had passed as
Article XII of the treaty was found to be
a letter from the Dey of Algiers to the
Pasha of Tripoli, in no way relevant to
the treaty. Somewhere, somehow,
substitution had been made. Article XII,
to which Mr.. Succop refers. does not
now exist, and what it originally con-
tanned nobody knows. This is matter
of record open to public inspection.
The mstances-discussed at length
in the State Department publications.
also available at the Archives Building
are so curious that investigation at
the source is well worth the effort.
A.A. Williamson.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27
Consolidated Giving

laud your editorial titled Console
dated Giving" because it suggests q
precedent for what we all hope win
become an established practice pro-
gram that win take in those not
affected by the payroll plan, the ordi-
nary householders.
We all are besieged by pleas from
different sources, many perhaps worthy.
I doubt if all of us give to the point of
personal sacrifice. But because those
who can afford it give freely to pleas
by mail, phone, or door solicitation, are
we not imposing nuisance on those
less affluent and encouraging an irri-
tating practice which in the end will
defeat the purpose of requests for
worthy causes?
Example: For several years ] pur-
chased inferior merchandise, in re-
Spouse to telephone appeal, because
the solicitors used what I now believe
to be spurious title including the word
veterans" which sold me of course.
It probably would take many months
Of program planning but there must be
many persons with time and know-how
who could work out an efficient system
to which the average family happily
would subscribe perhaps a monthly
plan like the church envelope idea;
anything consolidated that we may
budget accordingly
Lillian l.. Blanchard
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27
For Tougher els

There is undoubted merit In Defense
Secretary Wilson'S project to find ways OF
helping captured American serv1cemen to
Withstand Communist brainwashing. And
this is all the more true II captured person.
mel who break under Red torture are to be
contaminated upon their return to the
States.
There is even greater reason, however,
for Mr.. Wilson to lend a receptive ear to
complaints which have been emanating
from Army posts where young recruits
presumably are being trained for combat
service.
According to recent Associated Press
dispatch from Fort Benning, Georgia, the
boys now going into the Army are not get
ting the right kind of training. The train
ing is physically tough. But 1t is not Sufh-
Gently realistic to acquaint the CT with
combat operations under closely simulated
battle conditions.
One spokesman says that training pro-
grams are often tempered by visions OF
mothers writing to Congressman to COM
plain that their boys are being unnecessarily
exposed to danger 1t is painfully eStab-
lshed fact, however, that the safety OF SOL
diers, if thrown into combat, depends to
large extent on the realistic nature of their
training
This lesson was first learned in World
War II Training up to the time of the war
was anything but realistic AS the need
less combat casualties mounted, however,
tougher training methods were introduced.
It was not long before the recruit was prac
ticing with live grenades, crawling through
barbed wire under live machine-gun fire,
,o;y, 1nd iy1f hor 20 nf q n
vancing close behind his protective screen
of live artillery fire. OF course there were
training casualties. But there were far fewer
casualties when the properly trained troops
went into action against the Germans or
the Japanese.
This type of training was abandoned
with the end of the war. And the results
became distressingly evident when Ameri-
can troops were ordered into combat in Ko-
rea. Major General Richard w. Stevens was
in command of the 21st Regiment, oath
Division. His troops had been on occupa-
ton duty in Japan. Many Of them were
soft and half trained. Here is how General
Stevens describes the outfit: when took
over the 21st Regiment it was falling apart.
1t was lousy outfit. It took five months to
get em up in the saddle and to realize that
they were fighting for keeps. They were
good Soldiers-the ones who lived that long. "
In one form or another, the same story
is repeated by training fficers-especially
the combat veterans They want training
program that Is both tough and realistic.
They see nothing in the outlines of any pos
sible future war which leads them to doubt
that such program will save many thou
sands Of lives.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27
IL $50
Bomb at Right AnqIes

.js Lieutenant General George E. Strate-
meyer, a witness who will command respect,
now has added his testimony to that of
other military leaders who contend that
political interference prevented us from
winning the Korean war.
General Stratemeyer, retired COM
n1ander Of the Far East Air Force, told the
Senate Internal Security subcommittee that
he was not permitted to do job" and that
General Macarthur was 'handcuffed."
ID He said that 1--WE weren't allowed to win
the war;" although sufficient troops and air
power were available. General MacArthur'S
advance toward the Yalu was defended by
General Stratemeyer as a master stroke"
Had the advance not been made, he said,
the Chinese hordes would have been able
to organize and probably totally destroy the
United States 9th Army"
i. General Stratemeyer added that he had
enough air power at his command to stop
the Chinese and prevent their troops being
supplied, but was prevented by political
decision from using his planes properly. AS
an Illustration, he said his planes were not
allowed to bomb the Yalu River bridges
lengthwise, which would have made them
easier targets, but were required to bomb
W41A1C VAC PAd4LSo WSAO NAOooaAA6 ou AASAAV
angles $50 we would not violate the Man
churian or Siberian borders"
This is an almost fantastic piece of in
formation. Here an American army was
under attack and in danger of being de-
stroyed by Chinese forces, supported by Rus
sian supplies and advisers. Nevertheless,
our planes were forbidden to use the most
effective tactics in bombing bridges across
the Yalu, and, in fact, were able to knock
out only one bridge.
How many American soldiers died as
result of this policy will never be known.
But one thing ought to be clear: We should
stay out of war if, because of political or
any other reason, we are not willing to fight
to win.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27
She Served Well

With the end of fighting in Korea, it
was inevitable that the Mighty Mo" finally
would be consigned to resting place in
the Nays "mothball fleet" 1t costs more
than Sc million a year to keep such big
ship in commission during peacetime. The
Missouri was saved from mothballs prior to
the Korean outbreak oply because Of the
personal intercession of former President
Truman. The Navy at that time retired her
sister ships. the Iowa, wisconsin and New
Jersey. After an embarrassing grounding
Incident in Chesapeake Bay, the Mo went
on training duty. But she and her sisters
we're brought into active service during the
Far Eastern crisis. And the Mos big guns
helped our troops in Korea by bombarding
the coast almost as far north as the Man
churian border.
The Navy will keep the Iowa, Wisconsin
and New Jersey in active service for the time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-27
Pointed Deserters

The detection of DR.. John month
ago and now that of Deputy Schmidt
Wittmock make it obvious that they
both were planted men whose we'll
timed escapes were arranged in adj
undoubtedly is dramatic, but they can
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-06-15
WAR Bulls Average
$40 at Falls Sale

43 Cox Bulls average $40
So Kaufman grade yearling heifers
average $133
AuctiOneers: Ken Councilman, Bob
Amen
MARK T. COX, Wyoming Angus
Ranch, Cheyenne, Wyo., sold 4S Angus
bulls at his second annual sale in Great
Falls, May %, for $410 average. Cox,
reported to be the largest registered
Aberdeen Angus breeder in the world,
trucked his cattle from his Wyoming
ranch to Great Falls.
Adolph Mortag, Cascade, bid in the
high selling bull of the sale, deep,
thick, 2-year-old son of Ankonian 10th
for $500. o. Williams, Salmon, Idaho,
took one for $625, and o. ]. Gait, STAN
ford, two for $500 and $S45, respectively.
George Piprud, Broadus, proved to
be the largest investor in this offering,
taking nine head. Pugsley Bros, Ches-
ter, took three; Grant Flags, Galata,
three; while w. H. RAIDER, White Sui
phur Springs took two, as did S. L.
Taylor, Chinook; Bob Aiken, Waller,
and Skerky Bros, Chester.
Conrad Kaufman, Hawks Springs,
Wyo., consigned SO head of grade An
gus yearling heifers which sold i'm
mediately after the bull sale. These
went in lots of II, the first to l.. j.
Maurer, Eden, at $40 a piece Ivan
Remley, Circle S. Ranch, Polaris, bid
in the next four lots, including AZ head,
for a $1SO average.
The crowd was not large, but those
present were interested in Angus cattle.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-06-15

sis program is further carried out by
testing a certain percentage of the cat
tie in a county every three to six years.
If the percentage of infection is less
than one-half of one per cent, the coun-
ty is reaccredited-free of bovine tuber-
culosis. With these two means of
constant surveillance it is felt that any
increase of bovine tuberculosis can be
Immediately checked.
Pasteurize ON Farm
On the farm all milk or products
made from milk should be pasteurized.
This not only safeguards the consum-
ers from tuberculosis germs but num-
Der of other harmful bacteria. Along
with paSteurization of milk it is a good
idea to have your veterinarian test
that family milk COW about once year
for tuberculosis. Then about every three
years have the entire herd tested.
Yes, we can feel proud of the job
done in this country in reducing bovine
tuberculosis to almost nothing. But
we must not forget about this disease
and assume it will cause no further
trouble Just as sure as we do it won't
be long until we will again find areas
in which dairy cows are infected at the
rate of 40 per cent or more.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-06-15
Studies Show Cattle
De-louse Themselves

CATTLE WILL de-louSe themselves
if given the opportunity, recent USDA
research shows.
Provided with an inSecticide-treated
device they could rub against, both
beef and non-milking dairy cattle herds
completely freed themselves of lice in
less than four weeks during expert
ments conducted in Oregon.
Entomologists in USDA's Agricultural
Research Service are now carrying for
ward tests to determine which insecti-
eide available will be most effective
for farm and ranch use.
The de-louser used in the experiments
is a burlap-wrapped wire stretched
from the top of a 5-foot post and an
chored to the ground feet from the
posts base. About a gallon of per
cent chlordane oil solution was used to
treat the burlap.
In the tests, cattle reduced the num-
Der of live lice by 80 per cent after
Is days with the rubbing devices. No
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-06-15

live lice were found on their bodies
after the 25th day, and none during the
next 80 days of observation. Counts of
lice populations before treatment
showed all cattle on the test were in
tested at rates ranging from 1.8 lice
per square inch to Sc. Check cattle,
equally infested but not allowed to use
the rubbing device, showed no de-
crease in infestatiOn.
The insecticide-treated burlap was
not only effective but safe, according
to test results. 1t was not possible for
animals to overdose themselves by rub
bling against it.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-06-15

There's much any of do about the weather
and markets bit there something cattlemen can do
The strain their c0ay and market beapy caIves
this simmer and fall
think creep feeding is must' this year. Drouth has
plagued the West for many months relief has been
spoty Many COW herds showing distress signs Poor
range for the COW means less milk for the calf This
really is serious when there's little grass for the
calf either The this problem is creep feeding
Here's what creep feeding PUrinu meant in tests
with more than 5000 head of caffIe.
l. Heavier calves.
2. Better cow condition.
3. This condition meant 1879 more calves The fol-
lowing season.
a. 34o more Choice and Good grade slaughter calves
In creepfeeding work, dating back 1885, every
10 calves creep fed Purina returned weight equal
weaving sized calf Cows with creep-fed calves
ried average of 441z lbs. extra conditions
Think what this could today! One 390-lb.
calf out of every TO- plus AS lbs. condition on
the 10 sucking creepfed calves total of SIS
lbs. beef Figure this todays prices and
what creep feeding to you!