davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-05-19
2
No Revo|utioninD Dixie T his Time
Lack Of FeEotng Snoring Defiance From the South
Indicates Its People Are Ready to Accept the Inevitable

likely to extend over many
months, perhaps years.
It is surmised that most
Southerners expected the kind
of decision that was rendered,
which may help to explain the
restrained reaction. It is sug-
geSted that they foresaw it be-
cause, deep in their hearts, a
great many must feel that it
was the right decision.
Not to be overlooked in the
reserve with which Southern
politicians received the deci-
sion is the fact that, being
politicians, they are conscious
of the multitudes of Negroes
at least a million or more
who now are voting in the
South. No longer is it wise to
offend them with the wild
demagoguery that once was the
standard equipment of the
run-of -the-mine Southern pol
itician.
Recognizing. this, we come
to see that the anti-segrega-
ton decision of the Supreme
Court is, itself, just another
step in a process that began
some time ago. 1t owes a good
deal, it would appear, to some
thing else that the Supreme
Court did a few years back.
That was its decision outlaw
ing the white primary" by
which Negroes were dis
frsnchised. The vote still is
the most powerful weapon in a
democracy. Politicians respect
it as they respect nothing else.
animate or inanimate. That
Supreme Court decision was
followed by those admitting
Negroes to law schools and
graduate schools which, in
turn, were influential in OPEN
ing some colleges to Negro
students at the undergraduate
level, The decision this week
was a natural sequel.
While 1t is probably an ac-
Evening star., 1954-05-19

land for excellent reasons)
the consolidation of Asia un-
der a single Asian power. She
feared Japan's attempt to es-
tablish such hegemony, saw
merits in "Asians fighting Ash
ans" and heartily welcomed
though she had a treaty with
Japan-the Japanese-Ameri-
can war.
It may be laid down as ak
iomatic that Russia cannot
wish to see China, under what
ever leadership. inherit the
position that Japan coveted
but failed to achieve For a
China governing all of South
east Asia. and stationed right
on Russia's frontiers. eventu-
ally would be enormously
stronger than the Soviet Union
itself. China is several times
as numerous in population, her
people are far more adept as
colonizerS, her leaders are for
midably intelligent and Of
boundleSS ambition.
The Asian revolution is thus
creating a FrankenStein po-
tentially more menacing to
Russia than to any Western
country because it is right in
RusSia's back yard.
What would best serve Rus
sian interests in the East is a
war in Asia from which she
could stand aloof until or un-
less her intervention during
the final stage Of the conflict
would give her the decisive
role, with the least expendi-
ture Of blood and energy.
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Public Wants More HeorinQs
Columnist Thinks the Army Has Come Out
Question of 'NotionoI Security Is Challenged

Wisconsin Senator nor his
chief counsel, Roy Cohn, will
be put on the witness stand to
be crosS-examined.
So far the Army. and espe.
cially its legal counsel, John
Adams, have had the short end
of the stick. They were not
able to establish to the salts
faction of any fair-minded
listener that the committees
chief of staff. Francis Carr.
was guilty of anything but
silence in Mr.. COINS efforts
to obtain special treatment"
for Pvt. Schine. Those who as
sociate with Mr.. Carr know
him to be a man of very few
words. outside of matters in
volvlng his investigative work.
he is a good listener but sell
dom butts into any conversa-
tion unless his views are
sought.
The fact that Mr.. Adams
after being overwhelmed with
vituperations. and unprintable
words" by Roy Cohn accepted
not only his hospitality but
an expensive ringside ticket
for a prize fight in New
York and theater tickets for
himself and his aunts has also
an unpleasant flavor. His ex-
plsnation that Mr.. Cohn would
not accept the price Of these
tickets until four months later
when he forced it into his
pocket appears somewhat
f1imsy. The conventional meth
cd of mailing him a check i'm
mediately would have. solved
the problem. Whether Mr..
Cohn cashed it or not was Of
secondary Importance. The
Army counselor could always
have proved his intention to
settle that matter by showing
the stub in his check book.
There are many other side
lights of this problem which
hurt the Army's case unless
the hearings are continued.
Yet, according to the private
views of Democrats and Re-
publicans on the committee.
they will be adjourned sine
die if the White House does
not modify disposition Of Mon
day.
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

One Republican Investigator bored during
the in the Mccarthy hearings that
pick fight with Democrat
One reason Ike got such big welcome North Carolina
yesterday that he has lot of nok the
the Supreme Court
The Senate Banking Committee
profits FILA building Republicans to make
enment clean that the Democrats will lose interest trying
to recapture it.
The White House refuses to modify its secrecy
Mccarthy probers administration
slider its problems in private All publicly
is the final dilemma.
Now that the Supreme Court has ruled
all should study together maybe bright guy
figure out how to make kid study by himself.
The State Department Communist shipment to
Guatemala threatens hemisphere
hemisphere has security Nobody this neighbohood
to have any.
It's plain why the Supreme Court pedestrian it's
decision banning segregated schoono is running
for Office in the South
Evening star., 1954-05-19

Republicans and Democrats
in the present committee seem
pretty well in agreement
that the executive order has
unintentionally killed the in
vestigation. Under the exist
ing circumstances Senator
Mccarthy can truthfully claim
that the committee cannot
get to the bottom of the truth
the motives which prompted
the Army to publicize his
alleged pressures in behalf Of
Schine.
Nobody challenges the pre-
negatives of the executive
branch Of the Government to
withhold from the legislative
branch information whic h
could affect the Nations Sc
curity or be detrimental to
the public interest. The Sem
ators claim, however, that a
meeting held by some top ad-
miniStration advisers to de-
termine the strategy to silence
Senator Mccarthy and the in
vestigative work of his COM
mittee does not fall within the
purview of either national Sc
curity or the good of the
public.
The many millions who fol-
lowed the daily proceedings of
the committee were not SEN
Sation seekers in the sense that
they wanted to see rough
and-tumble fight. They were
interested in the picture of
what was going on in Wash
ington behind the scene-in
other words. how the Govern
ment they had voted into Of
flee was functioning. The
fact that the picture was not
particularly pretty did not
diminish the public's interest
quite the contrary.
The presidential decision.
unless modified in keeping
with the facts in this case.
means unquestionably the end
of the investigation.
The net result will be that
the Army will come out as sec
ond best. If the investigation
cannot be continued without a
complete accounting of what
happened in Mr.. Brownell's Of
fee on January 81 neither the
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Doris FIeeson-
Decisions Political Potentially
Blow to Decrots Is One Concrete Result Of Court Ruing
Other implications Are Not So Easy to Predict

Republicans in Congress be-
heve they will be helped this
fall by the historic Supreme
Court decision read by the
Eisenhower Chief Justice,
Earl Warren, outlawing segre-
cation. They expect it to be
especially useful in such Sen
ate races as Illinois, Mime
sofa and New Mexico, where
they hope to beat Democratic
liberals. and in Michigan and
Massachusetts,, where Repub-
lican incumbentS will be
strongly challenged.
Democrats reply that in all
States outside the South where
there are important contests.
their candidates have civil
rights records which will make
it impossible for their Re
publican opponents to profit
from the courts decision. This
generally appears to be the
case.
1t is conceded by Demo-
cratic political managers that
Senator Sparkman might have
been hurt in the Alabama
primary by the decision had it
come earlier. Sparkman has
just defeated a vigorous States
Rights candidate.
Actually any concrete polit-
ical results are hard to find
or even to predict except one:
The blow to the DixiecratS
who made up the bulk of the
big Eisenhower vote In the
South. 1t was the black coun-
ties" of the South which went
for the Republican President;
Evening star., 1954-05-19

greenbacks. and cigar store
owner Julius Scotch, who
bought five Of them for a quar-
ter. didn't know they were the
real thing. A bank and Fed
eral agents quickly set them
straight, however, after anoth-
er purchaser checked up on his
bargain.
Mr.. Olson told authorities he
found the bills, II of them. in
suitcase in a garbage can.
Mr.. Olson thought they were
"stage money" and so did Mr..
Scotch, who finally was per-
suaded to buy five of them.
The other six went for prices
ranging up to 10 cents.
While authorities set out to
recover the bills and find the
rightful owner, Mr.. Olson phil
osophized: e.. Just one of
those things"
Evening star., 1954-05-19

their ballots without military
coercion. there is little chance
Of an election being held.
The Korean phase of the
conference will break up, how
ever, not on these details but
on the main principle-that
an all-Korean election must
be held under United Nations
supervision. Already Mr.. Molo-
tov has rejected this proposal.
1t is a serious position for
Moscow to maintain, because
sooner or later there must be
a withdrawal of the million
Chinese from Korea. The
maintenance indefinitely of
an active military establish
ment by the Communists
north of the armistice line
is an expensive thing. and
there is always the danger Of
an outbreak of hoStilitieS.
The Republic of Korea dele
CATION has worked harmoni-
ously with the American Gov
ernment, and in due time the
Communists will find world
opinion rising against them
even in quarters hitherto
friendly to them. The letter
from the Swedish and Swiss
representatives on the So
called neutral commission to
supervise the Korean arlni-
Stice terms was made public
here for the express purpose
Of showing how phony. the
international-commission idea
is when governments under
Soviet domination, like Poland
and Czechoslovakia, are men,
bers of such a commission and
can Illustrate its operations.
The Americans here circulated
the letter as evidence of why
the United States will never
again agree, in Indo- China
or elsewhere, to "neutrals" on
international commissions who
are mere stooges for the Com
muniSts. That's one conStruc-
tive result of the Korean armi-
stice agreement-the rcvela-
ton by means of indubitable
proof that there Is no good
faith behind a Communist
signature.
Reproduction RIGHTS Reserved.
Evening star., 1954-05-19

curate diagnosis that Presi-
dent Eisenhower and the Re-
publicans will suffer politically
in the South from this deci-
sion Immediately. it is ven-
tured that, for the long range,
the series of events removing
remaining bonds from the
South's Negro citizens will
have a cleansing effect on
Southern politics that will
benefit both political parties
there. This should result from
eliminating the Negro as a
pawn in the low and cheap
sort of politics that has been
too common in the South, and
which plays on prejudice to
achieve it's effects.
There is significance, espe-
cially in the critical state of
world affairs, in the immediate
broadcast of the decision by
the Voice of America in "a
languages. It was like a great,
white light being beamed from
the Statue of Liberty. The
Supreme Court, thrusting aside
legalism, had removed a blem-
ish from our national shield,
seeking to make us in spirit,
as we are in fact, the leader of
the free people of the world.
1t was a recognition of our
coming Of age.
AS for the South-let us
quote the concluding words of
THE Negro and the Schools"
a study by the Fund for the
Advancement of Education,
prepared and edited by Harry
S. Ashmore, editor of the Ar
kansas Gazette, which was
published just before the Su-
preme Court decision:
I'm the long sweep of his
tory the public school cases
before the Supreme Court may
be written down as the point
at which the South cleared the
last turning in the road to re-
union-the point at which
finally. and under protest. the
Evening star., 1954-05-19
David Lawrence

GENEVA, May 19.-What-
ever else this conference
may do, it can be written
now to the everlasting credit
of the 16 nations which
participated in the fighting
in Korea that they are
maintaining here a united
stand in support of the great
moral principle that motivated
the United Nations forces in
seeking to repel aggression
there.
It should be a comfort to
the relatives Of the men who
made the sacrifices in Korea
that the Is nations are insist
ing on the same basic idea
which the United Nations has
supported ever since 1947-
that Korea must be unified by
free elections.
Although there has been q
strong tendency among some
of the allied countries to look
at the problem as one of a
single personality - President
Syngman Rhee-all the 16
participating nations now
realize that a. legal entity, the
Republic of Korea, cannot be
brushed aside and a start
made from scratch. Since in
dependence once recognized
must be respected, the 16 gov
ernmentS have concluded that
the steps taken here must be
in conformity with the will of
the Korean people as expressed
in their own constitution.
What this means is that,
while the delegation from the
Republic of Korea could agree
in principle to the idea Of an
all-Korean election. this can
be ratified only when two
thirds of the Korean assembly
adopt an amendment to the
existing constitution to provide
for such an election. It is real
lied here that 1t would be i'm
proper for President Rhee to
say he would agree to an all
Korean election when this is
a function of his Assembly.
Likewise, there is little use
talking about any general elec-
ton throughout Korea when no
provision has been made for
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Constantine Brown

A large volume Of kilograms
and mail is reaching the mem
berS of the Senate committee
investigating the Army-Mc-
Carthy dispute. A sizeable pro-
portion is critical of the White
House order to withhold in
formation concerning the STRAIT
egy meeting on January 81,
when the Army was repeatedly
given the green light to pub
licize the arguments with Sen
ator Mccarthy and his staff
regarding Pvt. g. David Schine.
The kilograms and letters to
committee members and other
Senators urge, in a proportion
Of about 10 to /, that the in
vestigation be continued so
that the rest Of the witnesses
can take the stand.
Despite this popular demand,
the consensus of the Repub-
licans and Democrats on the
committee is that unless Pres
ident Eisenhower decides to
rescind or modify his order and
permit the Army representa-
tives to tell the full story of
what happened on January 81,
the curtain will fall on these
spectacular hearings and the
committee will be unable to
file a report.
When Senator Dirksen Of
fered resolution last week
to have the case heard in
executive session after Sena-
tor Mccarthy testified in pub
lie the Democrats were de-
termined. had that resolution
been approved. to bring the
case before the whole Senate.
Their thought was that the
Senate would order the crea-
ton of a new special commit
tee to go into the matter.
This strategy to force the
continued airing of the dis
pute has now been abandoned.
In view of the White House
order not to reveal what hap
pened at the strategy meeting
in Attorney General Brow
nell's Office, no good purpose
could be served, say the COM
mittee members. by having
another body investigate the
matter. since it would neces-
sarily face a similar situation.
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Dorothy Thompson

In dealing with the Asian
revolution, initially inspired
by a universal revolt against
colonialism and alien rule, in
terestS. cultures and tradi-
tiohs, Russia is playing with
fires very dangerous to her.
self. 1t is important for us
to see this. because it is i'm
portant neither to underrate
nor overrate the position of
ones adversaries.
The theory that a common
theology creates permanent
bonds between states and So
cieties transcendent to all
other conditions such as race,
culture, and rival ambitions
is not sustained by history
including very recent history
nor by common sense. Rus
sia-the Russian empire-a
Eurasian power, comprises
some 165 nationalities among
whom the most western of
them, the Slavs, are numer-
ically the strongest, the most
advanced, and occupy most
positions of leadership. But it
includes, also, non-Slavic and
Central Asian Eastern peoples
whose permanent loyalty to
Moscow is dubious. Russia's
eastern frontiers are quite as
vulnerable as her western, and
almost all Russia was once
conquered from the east and
long paid tribute to the de-
scendants Of Genghis Khan.
The whole history Of Rus
sia's Eastern policy shows that
whether under tsar or COM
rniSSar she alwavS has feared
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Dog Truuncy Urged

SMITHFIELD. r. I. R.-
Mary has a little dog which
follows her to school.
In fact. says Warren Man
chester, dog officer, so many
dogs are following children
to school that they are caus-
ing a nuisance, distract
children in their classes by
fighting in the school yard
and create accident hazards
by running into the street.
He suggested last night that
the dogs be kept near home
during school hours.
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Dorothy Thonpson-
Let Russia Build It's FrQnkenstein
APowerfuI China Governing All Of Southeast Asia
Eventually Would Be Stronger Than the Soviet

This is precisely what she
tried to do in World War II on
both fronts, succeeding in the
east.
If this analysis is correct
and in politics all depends
upon the correctness of analy-
Sis - how stupid to play the
Russian game!
If the West and. in particu-
lar, the United States. en-
broils herself in Asia, on q
terrain, in a form Of warfare,
and in a political atmosphere
that, Communist, anti-Com.
munist. or neutral, is revolu-
tionarily Asiatic and anti
Western, whose interests will
be served? Who will pull the
chestnuts out of the fire?
The American mind is i'm
patient, anxious always for
immediate solutions, indis-
posed to take a long view.
and largely incapacitated by
the education of the last gen.
Grafton to hard, precise analy-
sis.
Once we, too, understood
the superior value of saying
the last word instead of the
first one.
Now we do not even know
the value of occasional silence.
So within q month our leaders
have said directly contradic-
tory things about the impor-
tance Of Indo- China. both po-
sitions broadcast to the ends
of the earth.
There should be time Oh
for thinking.
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Belem Quieter After Riots

RIO DE JANEIRO, May 10
R.-Bus service was gradually
restored under Army and police
protection in the North Brazilian
city of Belem yesterday after
costly riots Monday protesting a
one cruizero (51s cent? hike in
fares. At least 43 persons were
injured and 1S buses burned in
the disorders.
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Thomas L. Stokes

Some meanings of the Su-
preme Court decision ruling out
segregation in our public
schools deserve emphasis.
Some of them flow from the
comparative restraint - when
all circumstances are consid-
ered-in the reaction from po-
litical Spokesmen of the South.
While a number deplored the
decision. only two closely para
phrased the famous outburst
attributed to President Andrew
Jackson over Chief Justice
John Marshall's decision in the
Georgia Cherokee cases: John
Marshall made his decision
now let him enforce it."
Pointedly. Gov. Herman Tai
madge of Georgia recalled that
case.
Senator Eastland, Democrat.
of Mississippi swelled up and
gave forth. taking in heap Of
territory with his blast that
"the South will not abide by
nor obey this legislative deci-
sion by a political court" He
is in a hot race for renomina-
tion, and the Supreme Court
here in Washington, several
hundred miles away, probably
is as good an issue as any, eS-
pecially since a Republican now
presides over it.
The lack of f1re-eating. rip
snorting defiance from the
South and the majority of its
political leaders possibly is due
in part to the great concern
exhibited by the court itself
about practical means Of carry
ing its decision into effect and
to its decree for plenty Of time
for conference and negotia-
ton. The conference called by
the court for next fall is ex-
pected to be only the begin
ming of similar community and
neighborhood conferences and
negotiations to try to work out
solutions in hundreds Of in
S'vidual schools. They are
Evening star., 1954-05-19

their generally Dixiecrat lead
ers are not in q position to
follow him on the Warren
decision.
Even this represents no sud-
den alteration in the political
currents. The Eisenhower ad-
ministration has failed to fol-
low up its Southern triumphs;
even in a promising State like
Florida the old line Republi-
cans. who like to keep their
club small and select, are back
in control.
Senator Russell of Georgia
surprised the Capital by the
vehemence of his denunciation
Of the court-an act which
could be fatal to any further
aspirations he might have for
the presidency. He has denied
those aspirations firmly. He
also has Gov. Herman Tai
madge breathing down his
neck and the filing date in his
primary is not yet past.
Washington Is also asking
how the nine justices who
usually divide so vocally and
vehemently. managed to hand
down a unanimous opinion on
segregation. Those who have
long watched them consider
it a reflection of their political
awareness and experience in
social problems before they
reached the court.
With the exception Of Justice
Frankfurter, who was q pro-
fessor, all of them came to
the court from politics. and
even he had held various and
Evening star., 1954-05-19

important political posts, such
as Assistant to the Secretaries
of War and Labor.
Only two years ago, the Chief
Justice was a candidate for
President. Justices Minton and
Black were Senators prominent
in shaping the New Deal.
Justices Jackson and Clark
were Attorneys General. JUS
tice Burton was a Senator, too.
Justice Douglas was the first
chairman of the Securities
and Exchange Commission and
a leading Roosevelt brain
truster.
Senator Stennis of Missis-
sippi has a point when he says
that members of the court
abandoned their role as judges
of the law and organized them
selves into a group of social
engineers"
Outside the South, however,
the court will seem to many
to have acted with both politi-
cal awareness and social re-
sponsibility. It was politically
aware when it postponed
the decision beyond a presi-
dental year. It was socially re-
sponsible when it delayed the
execution of its ruling.
Mr.. Dooley long ago pointed
out: "The Constitution fol-
lows the flag and the Supreme
Court follows the election re-
turns" It has also followed the
changing conditions Of the
social and economic life of
the country with more or less
alacrity.
Evening star., 1954-05-19

region gave up its peculiar
institutions and accepted the
prevailing standards of the Ma
ton at large as the legal basis
for its relationship with the
minority race. This would not
in itself bring any great shift
in Southern attitudes. nor even
any far-reaching immediate
changes in the pattern of BIZ
racial education. But it would
redef1ne the goal the Southern
people, white and Negro. are
committed to seek in the way
of democracy"
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Lawyer Is Attorney

CHEYENNE, Wyo. (P-One
man recently licensed to prac-
tice law in Wyoming has an
appropriate name.
He is John d. Lawyer of
Casper.
Evening star., 1954-05-19
Ideal Candidacy

GREENSBORO, N. C.. R.-
zack L. Whitaker, Democratic
candidate for reelection to the
Guilford County Board of Edu-
cation, in a required report on
campaign contributions and ex-
penses, wrote:
There is no opposing candi-
date, and / shall certainly not
spend any additional money in
the interest of my candidacy. .
I am also certain that no one
else will"
Evening star., 1954-05-19
$100 Bills Sell for Nickel

SEATTLE (R.-One-hun-
dred dollar bills sold for a
nickel apiece here recently.
Nels Olson, who found the