davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Hungry Horse news., 1954-10-22
VituI Statistics
MARRIAGE LICENSES

1
Floyd Hagen, Columbia Falls
and Patricia Mae Witczek, Col
umbia Falls.
Billy E. Arnold, Holly Springs
Ark, and Dorothy Jane Reynolds
Camden, Ark.
Elmer E. Drake and j. jeanne
Wilson, both of Kalispell.
Willard j. Reimer, Whitewater,
Kans., and Gladys Naomi Kauff-
man, Creston.
Gordon Delton Weber, Suernsey,
Sask., Canada and Lille Myrene
Kaufman, Creston.
Clifford R. Street, Whitefish and
Margaret L. Ferrell, Fortine.
Raymond L. Managhan, Kalis-
pell and Beverly Ann Van Rim
sum, Somers.
(kalispelI General HospitaI)
Mrs. Neptune Lynch, Plains,
boy.
Mrs. Fred Wagner, Kalispell,
girl.
Mrs. John Mathison, Columbia
Falls, boy.
Mrs. Claire Wendt, Kalispell,
girl.
Mrs. Mack Johnston, Kalispell,
girl.
Mrs. David Fredenberg, Kalis-
pell, boy.
Mrs. William Seward, Kalispell,
boy.
Mrs. Lawrence Knutson, Olney,
girl.
Mrs. Ortie Root, Kila, girl.
Mrs. Grant Nelson, Kalispell,
girl.
Mrs. Charles Betram, Kalispell,
boy.
Mrs. Orlando Alstad, Kalispell,
girl.
Mrs. Robert Wood, Somers, boy.
(John B. Simons HospitaI)
Mrs. Caroline Fossett, White
fish, boy.
Mrs. Eva F. Seville, Martin City,
boy.
Mrs. Joseph Keister, Whitefish,
girl.
Mrs. Dorothy Dortch, Whitefish,
boy.
Mrs. Lamar Hamon, Whitefish,
boy.
DEATHS
William Robetts, 80, of Kalis-
pell, died Oct. Is.
John R. Davis, 70, former resi-
dent of Troy, died Oct. 16.
Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Ammer, SO,
of Kalispell, died Oct Is.
John Heinrickson, 68, of Kalis-
pell, died Oct. Is.
The Rev. Father Fabian x. Kel-
ley, II, died Oct. 16.
Mrs. Obert A. Kleppin, Al, died |
Oct. 18.
Andrew Erickson, 70, Kalispell,
died Oct. 18.
DIVORCE SUITS FILED
Thore j. Sesby against Mary E.
Sesby.
Beverlu Jean McChesney against
Harold L. McChesney.
Hungry Horse news., 1954-10-22

Dropped into Smitty's gas sta
tion last week and met his new
partner who turned out to be a
real talker.
"What'll it be?" asked Smitty.
Before 1 had a chance to answer
heard strange voice "Fill her
up! Fill her up!" And there was
Smitty's partner = one of those
parakeets perched next to the
gas pump.
"Took me a month" Smitty
said, "but I finally taught him to
say those magic words. It's sure
paid off he's had a good infiu-
ence on my customers"
Hungry Horse news., 1954-10-22
Joins Internal Revenue
Staff at KaliSpell

KALISPELL-Robert Gay, Mis-
soula, has joined the Internal Rev
enue department staff in the post
office building. He succeeds j. A.
McGeorge who is transferring Nov.
l to the Butte office. Other staff
members at Kalispell are Earl SEQ
vel and B. J. SchmitZ.
Hungry Horse news., 1954-10-22
Benefit Dance

A benefit dance for the Flat
head Rescue and Lifesaving as
sociation will be held at the Blue
Moon Friday, Oct. 29 sponsored by
the electricians union.
Dancing will be to the music of
Joe Fisher and his orchestra.
Hungry Horse news., 1954-10-22
Engineer from Israel
Visits Hungry Horse

HUNGRY HORSE-Victor Men
delson, civil engineer on water
planning, from Haifa, Israel was a
visitor at Hungry Horse Dam
Wednesday. He is in the United
States under the point 4 program.
Mendelson was born in Jerusal-
EN- and is fifth generation Pal
estinian.
Hungry Horse news., 1954-10-22
From where | sit =. by Joe Marsh
smitty's
Nof-So-SiIenf Porfner

From where I sit, Smitty's bird
may be good for business = and
may get him a few laughs. But
when people act like parakeets,
they're not so funny. For in
stance, those who keep insisting
over and over again that their
neighbors shouldn't have a glass
of temperate beer with their sup
per now and then. They're simply
repeating their own ideas, with
out any regard for the rights of
others.
2Se M~,4<
Hungry Horse news., 1954-10-22

FOR R EMIT CLEAN QUIET
rooms for men. Phi. 2-5621, White
fish. 15*
Hungry Horse news., 1954-10-22
Coffee to Address
LIQUOR Dealers

KALISPELL-O. E. Coffee, Mis-
soula, chairman of Montana's state
liquor board, is to speak at the an
nual meeting of Flathead county
retail liquor dealers association
Tuesday at an. at Hennessey's.
dies plan on doing some craft
work in the afternoon. Mrs. Ber-
gan will be the instructor.
Mrs. Fred Kost, Kalispell, and
Mrs. Lawrence Benner spent
Thursday and Friday picking ap-
pies at the George Wendt farm.
Hungry Horse news., 1954-10-22

Copyright 1854, United States Brewers Foundation
The Southern Jewish weekly., 1954-01-29
Worlds S Largest Cigar Center"

where the Exodus from Egypt is
mentioned. This is the section
which the Rabbis ordained to be
recited on major Jewish holidays
Except on Rosh Hashonah and
Yom Kippur), as well as on Chan
ukah, Purim and Rosh ChodeSh.
The last group of Psalms in the
Book of Psalms psalm 146-150)
were also given the general name
of "Hallel." These are said in the
daily morning liturgy. One other
section of the Psalms is known as
"Hallel Ha-godor' or the Great
Hallel." This is the 136th Psalm
which is said in the early morn
ing service of the Sabbath and Of
festivals as well as Passover eve
in the Haggadah. To some of these
sections the Rabbis have added
selections from other portions in
the Psalms.
QUESTION: What is the pur-
pose of these different forms Of
CONTINUED on Page 43l
The Southern Jewish weekly., 1954-01-29
TAMPA, FLORIDA
The Jewish Quiz Box

praise to the Almighty. The term
''Hallel'' means praise" There
are actually three such sections.
The most common one known to
the average Jew is that which is
called "Hallel Hamitzri" or the
Egyptian Hallel." This section is
so called because it consists of the
Psalms between the 18th and the
118th Psalm Gnclusive) and one of
these Psalms begins by saying
''When Israel came forth out of
Egypt"-one of the Instances
The Southern Jewish weekly., 1954-01-29
BY RABBI SAMUEL J. FOX

Copyright, 1854, Jewish Telegrapl1ic
Agency, 1nc.)
QUESTION: What is Hallel2
ANSWER: '''Hallel" is the name
given to a certain portion OF the
Book of Psalms which express
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11
CURTAINS


"Sunroy" So" Cos Ronoe Divided
top Light and timer. Window in
oven Floor somple ----l7o.95 1899
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11

Cotton and NyIon Bros. Broken
sizes
PuII-on Upper Style GirdIes. Ponty
GirdIes. Royon, cotton; sizes IS g.
TO 80 in the group ---- II
Royon and Cotton, Stretch, Firm
Book Foundations. Boned front,
side zippered, Sizes "a. IS, 36, II
As, 46 -- - IS
Lansburgh' s-CORSETS-Third
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11
RUGS

Orig. NOW
] Administer Broodoom Rug, green
tone-on-tone, 8'3"x3 28.35 1925
! Administer Broodoom Rug, grey
tone-on-tone, 9x4'6" 3l.25 21.95
! Wilton Broodoom Rug, carved
grey 81o"x3's" ---------- sl5o 7lss
| Wilton BroodIoom Rug, embossed,
green, 1859" -.-------- 5l85 zl.ss
! Wilton Broodoom Rug embossed
rose, 4'e"xe' -----,-:: ---- $3.50 zl.ss
Administer SorpIe Rugs, figured de-
signs. 46"x6' -D--------- $500 z4ss
! Administer Broodoom Rug, BEIGE
tone on-tone. 63"x8 42.95 1885
] Wilton Broodloom Rug, embossed
beige, $3.50 5000 1925
] Twist Broodoom Rug, wool foce,
grey, 1883 1850 s49s
] Wilton BroodIoom Rug. corved, Gin
nomon. elx9'2" -----~ $500 $500 1925
! Wilton Broodoom Rug cored
grey, T3"xl2' -------------- 5000 6495
] Wilton Broodloom Rug, carved
green. e'xloll"- s--,----- 1900 ess5
Twist Broodoom Rug, wool foce,
green lo'6"x2' - 1880 losoo
] Twist BroodIoom Rug, soiIed, beige.
l2'xl6' l55 90 1900
! Administer Broodloom Rug, green,
wo-tone 12'Mee"- $3.50 1900
LanSburgh's- Floor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11

4 Mems All-Wool Suits. Sizes: 2-37
reoulor: IA regular - 5000 1850
Lansburghs-MENS CLOTHING-Street Floor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11
BOYS CORDUROY WEAR

orig. NOW
30 Boys Solid Color Cotton Corduroy
Shirts. 2-pockets; broken sizes 3.o5 2.S8
80 Forous Make Junior Husky Boys
Cotton Corduroy Slocks. Some 5.o5G
with double knees. Sizes 10 TO IL $40 4.39
- Famous Moke Junior Boys Cotton
Tweeduroy Texturoy Stocks. 6.95G
Broken sizes 6 to z --- 1880 500 4.os
~ Prep-Boys' Cotton Corduroy SIocks. 1896
Solids toncies; sizes O TO 20 7.99 4.98
g Husky Boys Cotton Corduroy
Stocks, Solids foneies broken 1919
sizes 70 to 81 wost 500 s.9s
LanSbwgh's-BOYS' WEAR-Fourth Floor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11
HOSIERY
GLOVES

I. - ORG.
z Double Woven NyIon Gloves Soiled $50
IS Double Woven Cotton Gloves.
Soiied. Broken sizes - l.oo
LGssbUTCh' s-GLOVES-Stxeet Floor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11
TEEN SHOP

Orig NOW
50 Teens Assorted Royon Toffeto,
Wool Skirts Sizes 10 TO l6 1900 $40 800
20 Teens Assorted Wool Sweaters.
Assorted styles; sizes So to 40 - 800 l.49
80 Teens Orion" ond Wool Cordi-
gan Sweaters. Short sleeves; sizes
81 to 40. - -----~'-~-- 500 800
8 Teens Fur Color Groy Wool Top
pers. Sizes 0 TO II .- - 1895 1929
Teens Royon Velvet Wool Jump
ers Some wool felts in the group; l2o5t TO
sizes 9 to IS ------------.- l4.95 1879
4 Teens Wool Fleece Coots. Sizes
a to Is - $500 $500
20 Teens Nyon Short Sleeve Bouses
Consoles. Sizes II to Is ------ 800 1879
'01''i Io 1s1sr sHop-Fourtn Floor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11

Org NOW
! Famous Make 81 Gu Fl Refroero-
tor with across the top frozen food
compartment. Floor sonple 1885 1855
I Fomous Make 8-Cu.-Ft Refroero-
tor, 25-Ib frozen food chest, porce-
loin enomeied finish. Floor sample 24995 1882
Famous Make Cuff Refraero-
sompe 45995 ss7.ss
Fonous Make 9-Cu.-Ft. Electric Re-
Demonstrate geot tor O'''l - $1,000 1899
Forous Moke ll-Cu.-Ft. Electric
Refrigerator with automatic ice
nnoker.. Floor sompe $3.50 1889
Fonoous Make "a HIP Window Nod
ell Room Air Conditioner with buit-in
thermostot. Floor somple 3o9 IS 1899
Fomous Moke v HIP Window Nod
ell Room Air Conditioner. Floor
somple 1895 1899
Famous Moke u HP Window Mod
eI Room Air Conditioner. Floor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11
a.: on :s3t!I ,
WASH Frs

WASHERS
Orig NOW
1853 Eosy Spindrier with quito
motto Spindrer. Floor sample -2loo5 l64.o9
1858 Easy Spndrier with power
flush rinse Floor sample -l7oo5 I34.99
Kitchen Cabinets, Sinks
Orig. NOW
8" Knee Kitchen Bose Cobinets
complete with eroy Mother Of Peorl
formco tops ------------- eIe5 1929
II" Knee Kitchen Bose Cobnet
like above e495 44.ss
Fomous Make Combination Dish
er-Sink, AZ" 469 IS $3.50
Knee 54" Pot n Pan Cabinet
Sinks. Double droin board, porceoin
eenoneI top --~--l3995 s4ss
Fomous Make 54' Cobnet Sinks
Porcelain enoneled double droinboord
top -- 13495 $500
APPLIANCES-4fS Sepenth
st. or Through the Archaay Main Bldo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11
WoMEN'S SHOES

INV
fe6 Clearance Of Womens Fornous
Moke Slippers! FIot ond Cuban
heel styles. Sizes 4 " TO 9, nor
row and medium widths in the 8 1910
> group 700 2z9
! acknowledgements SHOES-Second Floor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11
RADIOS

I Famous Make Personal Pocket Rodio,
demonstration - -..-- 1879
Fomous Make 3-Speed Portable
Photograph; den1onstrotor 1895
Famous Make Combination with
AM-FM Rodio; 3-Speed Automatic
Record PIoyer, two | 2" speakers in
mahogany veneered cobinet; floor
sompe 335. OC
Famous Make Combination, g.
Speed Record Player; AM and
veneered cobinet; floor sompIe 22e.es
Fomous Make High Fidelity Combi-
notion, AMIN Radio; full ronee
base and treble tone control; mohoo-
strotor 10000
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. APPLIANCES-41S
Street or through the ArchtoGy. Main b
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-11
TELEvlSloNS


1854 Forous Moke q" TobIe
Model TV with de luxe Ghosts
and buit-in filter. Walnut plastic
cobnet ---- 1906 zz4.oo
1854 Fomous Moke Il" Console
Model TV in handsome lined ook
cobnet. Floor sompe ------~- $50. so 1899
1854 Famous Moke II" Console
Model TV Mahogany veneered
cobnet. Floor sample 1895 224.o9
1854 Fomous Make Console TV
with "a" picture tube. Mahogany
veneered cobinet 4ee.95 s74so
1854 Famous Moke Il" Cabinet
Console, lined ook. Floor somple $3.50 1899
1854 Fomous Make Combination
with "" picture tube, AM-FM
rodo, 3-speed automatic record
pioyer. Mahogany veneered cobinet.
Floor sompIe 1895 349.99
1854 Famous Make "a" TV in
mahogany veneered console cobinet
Floor sompIe $500 5000
1854 Fomous Make "a" TV Mo-
hoeony Veneered Console Cobinet
with doors. Floor sompIe -------575.0 90 1882
IS Indoor TV Antennos 8.95 4.99
8 Whwn Indoor TV Antennos - 8.o5 4.99
o LINED Ook TV Corts 22.95 1899
Lined Oak TV TobIes 1875 1879
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-18

the termination Of the administra-
tive condominium in the Sudan. The
Security Council was unanimous
that Egypt and the United Kingdom
resume direct negotiations, but, as
usual. kept the item on its agenda,.
just in case anybody got obstrep-
erOuS.
In May. 1913, there were other
conversations: In January, 1850, q
general election In Egypt brought
the Wafdist leader Moustapha ell
Nahas Pasha into power and he
vigorously set out to get the British
to comply with the dictates of
justice" The British were not too
responsive to the Egyptian demands
during the next is months and by
October 8. 1851. Moustapha had de-
cided the time had come for Egypt
ito obtain her national rights and
to convince Britain of the necessity
OF respecting these rights" The
specifications consisted of Egyptian
decree-laws abrogating the alliance
Of 1886 and the Sudan condomin-
ium agreements Of January 10 and
July 10. 1899. giving the king the
title King Of Egypt and the Sudan"
and providing special constitu-
ton for the Sudan.
Wafdist nationalism specialized
on anti-foreign excitation and the
latter part Of 1851 witnessed some
disturbing manifestations in the
Arab world. In Egypt a full-scale
guerrilla war was carried on against
the British garrison in the Suez
Canal Zone. Ugly local incidents
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-18
Asylum for otins
Whut Moy Happen TO Him Tomorrow Conditions
The PoIitico's Attitude Toward His Foes
By Henry 3. Lee

Today's political fugitive in Latin
America may be tomorrow's presi-
dent.
The traditional practice Of POI
litical asylum there breeds recur-
rent revolution BY enabling rev
oluticnist to pull q coup without
gambling on d firing squad. # sue
cesSfll, he becomes q president. II
unsuccessful. he usually obtains
asylum and is treated somewhat like
q defeated candidate In the United
States.
This practice. q product Of both
humanitarian tradition and polit-
ical expediency. partially explains
frequent waves Of government in
stability and international tension
in Latin America. This is especially
true in the banana and sugar re-
publics around the Caribbean Sea.
There are two types of political
asylum. One is diplomatic asylum,
granted by foreign embassy to q
political offender In his native coun-
try. The other is territorial asylum,
which the offender acquires in for
seign country. The former lis, nor
mally, transitional phase into the
latter.
One with diplomatic asylum needs
Safe-conduct pass to proceed from
diplomatic asylum in his native
country to territorial asylum abroad.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-18

His liberal. anti-C Communist govern
ment proceeded too far and too fast
and a military junta returned to
power.
When the old military regime
was overthrown. its leaders obtained
territorial asylum in the Dominican
Republic. There, under the tutelage
of President Rafael Trujillo Molina.
they plotted counter -revolution.
Learning about this. Betancourt and
party helped organize an expedi-
tionary force of aSyleeS from Carib.
bean totalitarian regimes to invade
the Dominican Republic.
This force, named the Caribbean
Legion. trained in Cuba and failed
at two attempts to invade Trujillo's
land. 1t then disintegrated.
Costa Ricon Adventure
Remnants Of the legion figured
in a revolution that broke out in
Costa RIGA late In 1913. A conserva-
tive invalidated the free election Of
a liberal president. Jose Figures
modified a group OF young liberals
and forced the Com
munist coalition out. set himself up
as provisional president, and even
tually turned the government over
to the constitutionally elected preSi.
dent.
Betancouft Is in Costa RIGA. with
his friend, Figueres. Trujillo and
Anastasio moZa, Nicaragua'S
strong man. claim Figures and
Betancourt are reorganizing the
Caribbean Legion to invade Nicara.
qua and the Dominican Republic.
They further claim Figueres ID
harboring nest Of Communist con-
spiIatorS, q name they generally
use for any one diSagreeing with
them. Figures denies the charges
and says the phantomlike Carib-
bean Legion is only pigment in
the minds of Caribbean dictators."
These charges are part of war
of nerves that charge the political
air in the Caribbean today. For
mer liberal leaders now in exile are
plotting against the regime that de-
posed them. These regimes regard
the sole surviving liberal govern
ment Of Costa Rica as the symbol.
perhaps the foothold, of liberal
resurgence that threatens their Sc
curitys
Charges and countercharges in
this confusing theological and power
struggle now usually appear in two
or three paragraph stories sub
merged inside daily newspapers.
Someday they may move over to
page one, especially when Commu.
mist asylees from Guatemala scat
ter about the Caribbean area and
vet In the act. a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-18

socialized air venture Is going to
meet its first major challenge from
Japan, country which, though in
hospitable to Socialist experiment.
has much experience in state enter
prise.
This coming event has been fore
Swallowed by recent development.
The glehal network of Qantas routes
includes the twice-weekly run to
Japan, alternating through Singa-
pore, Hong Kong and through
Manila.
MoniIu Dropped
Manila has just been eliminated
because, pursuing its policy of ex-
Guiding competition wherever pos
sible, the Canberra government
refused to give reciprocal landing
rights in Australia to the Philips
pines Always. Qantas' public ex-
PLANTATION for dropping Manila from
its schedule was that more rapid
route to japan had been devised.
Qantas' astute and experienced
executives will have their biggest
test when the present agreement
with Japan for landing rights at
Haneda and Iwakuni airports comes
up for renewal in two years time.
The current agreement was drawn
UP before the signing Of the peace
treaty. when Japan was more COM
PLEASANT than she is today.
Now Japan has an international
airline and if she insists on re-
ciprocal landing rights in Australia
(and there is every indication that
she wild Qantas win either have to
drop out of this vital route or put up
with competition such as it suffers
grudgingly from Pan American to
San Francisco, and from K. L. M.
Dutch Airlines) through Darwin
and the Middle East.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-18

1896, signed with the Cairo govern
ment treaty of alliance. In 1887
Egypt was admitted to the League
of Nations and the same year gem
eral convention regarding extraterri-
torial rights in Egypt was concluded,
the mixed tribunals continuing until
1949. Acquiescence to occupation in
the Second World War was the un-
DERIVING reason for developing the
bases now under negotiation.
Along with q number Of other
"self-governing" entities, Egypt
helped make the Charter or the
United Nations, and forthwith be-
came forwardly independent. !"
When the alliance of 1885 was 10
years old, Egypt sought negotiations
to modify it and the United Kingdom
consented. There were two questions
in the alliance treaty which affected
Egyptian sovereignty.
The Sudan Question
South Of Egypt is the 967 500
square miles Of the Sudan, which
since 1899 was an Anglo Egyptian
condominium. The alliance of 1886
provided for its disposition when
Egypt became independent, and the
negotiations Of 1916 brought up the
matter. A draft treaty resulted in
October, 1916, but the parties then
disagreed on what they had written
down. In July. 1947. Egypt took the
dispute" to the Security Council
OF the United Nations. asking COM
plete and immediate evacuation of
British forces from the Sudan and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-18

when the British arrived in the after
noon, we still held. the bridges,
That's where lost my eye
In the war between the jews
and the Arabs, Gen. Dayan was
credited with the capture of LYDIA.
into which he led an "armored
column" of alf-tracks and armored
cars. He was one Of the leaders in
the fierce fight with the Egyptians
in the Negev.
Since the state Of Israel was set
up. his army jobs have been. sue
cessively, commander of Jerusalem.
senior Israel member to the Mixed
ArmiStice Commission, commander
OF the southern region, commander
Of the northern region, chief Of the
general staff branch, vice chief Of
staff, and now, chief Of staff.
We want to train strong army
las strong and as modern as we
can make it with the equipment we
have" he said. THE training has
four purposes. The first to be pre-
pared for war. The second, to han
die the present situation, guarding
the border and protecting the W.
lagos
The third, to be ready to join
with the democratic countries in the
event of another major war. And
fourth land one Of the most. inn
portant--to train young men and
women in democratic living.
It is an ambitious program. and
it looks like long time before Gen.
Dayan can settle down to q quiet
life with his farm. his wife and his
three children at Nal1aIal. The
quiet life. somehow. does not seem
70 at him anyway.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-18

but not yet ratified. at the recent
10th Inter-American Conference at
Caracas.
Anti-Revolution Clause
The latter convention imposes on
the state granting territorial asylum
the duty to restrain asylees from
fomenting revolutions In their ma
tive country. This duty was also
recognized in a convention drafted
at the Sixth Inter- American Con-
ference. Few states. however. have
paid much attention to this legal
proposition.
The principle Of asylum originated
in the middle ages when a fugitive
from justice could obtain refuge in
q local temple or q foreign country.
Later the embassy replaced the
temple as place Of refuge. Early
in the 10th century a distinction
was made between criminal and po-
litical offenses and asylum was re-
stricted to the latter. Only in Latin
America has political asylum clearly
stuck as a principle of international
law.
Besides the humanitarian motive,
there is practical aspect to this
practice. Many latin American pres
idents and politicians have once
raped on an embassy door with the
hot breath Of policeman at their
necks. They don't discount the
chances it may happen again.
The TTpifod Gtofoc Inoc.1lt raonc,
nize political asylum, regarding it as
a major cause of political instability.
Thomas Jefferson, who thought a
revolution now and then was good
for the soul. wouldn't like this atti-
tude. United States policy is that
the ballot--not the bullet-should be
the medium for changing govern
ments. In some Latin American re-
publicS, however, the bullet is needed
to acquire the ballot.
A Full Turn
The revolutionary process has had
q full turn In almost half the Carib-
bean republics in the past 10 years
diplomatic asylum for leaders of
an oyerthrown government, a safe
conduct pass. territorial asylum, q
revolutionary plot. and then q new
government.
Liberal revolutions succeeded In
Guatemala. Venezuela, Cuba and
Costa RIGA between 1914 and l948
and failed in several others. There
were barracks revolutions in Haiti
and Panama, in which control over
the palace guard merely changed
hands. The Guatemalan revolution
was the only one in which the Com
munists gained control. Then in
1948 military and conservative re-
gimes bounced back from the right
and began sweeping the leftist re-
gimes out of power. The liberal
regime in Costa Rica alone has sur
vived this trend.
Romulo Betancourt, a former
Communist. and his Democratic
Action Party. turned out the Vene-
zuelan military dictatorship in 1945.