davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15
EeO AUG is

and ranchers. The better operators
figure, as part of their costs, their
annual machinery and building de-
probation. In computations of federal
income tax, or Montana personal in
come taxes, allowances are permitted
for machinery and building deprecia-
ton costs.
Even so, some operators do not take
proper account of depreciation costs
each year and, consequently, when the
machinery or buildings have to be
replaced, it means borrowing stable
sums, or going without In good times,
and with successful operations, the
typical farm or ranch is able to bor-
row the money to replace worn out or
obsolete machinery or to replace build
ings when needed.
If times happen to be tough, with
farm prices low and other commit
ments heavy, the farmer may find it
difficult to get the necessary credit to
replace his machinery when it should
be replaced. This results in decreased
efficiency and higher costs of produc-
ton, right at the time when the farm
er's efficiency should be at a maximum.
Systematic Savings
1t would seem to be sound policy
for Montana farmers and ranchers to
save Systematically to meet at least
significant part of the costs of replac-
ing machinery and buildings when
needed. U.S. Savings Bonds represent
a very good media by which such saw
ing can be achieved Farmers and
ranchers could keep the machinery de-
probation bill paid annually by invest
ing an annual amount in Savings Bonds.
This program could greatly ease the
future problem of financing farm ma
chinery requirements. Savings Bonds
appear to be excellent for this purpose
because they are sufficiently removed
from normal spending channels to re-
main intact until the need arises for
which they were purchased.
Establishing Reserves
The best time to set up depreciation
reserves is during the harvest season
please turn to page 45)
August IS, 1854
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15
No. 1181vEAzyzERM
NunMANEzHMNNN|ZaO zlO0HM.#
|%Z||M~z1 ~#>>%nMMsafAn44ss 4ssAn11aa4TINs|<<%W
b. OSCAR NOLDENHAUER
august IS to September 1
b. OSCAR MOLDENHAUER
august IS to September 1

CONSIDERABLE Of
substantial widespread hgght outlook
September t Showers hunderstoms viii different
days but for the most will either
bring general moisture relief Unfortunately do
povement the moisture situation with the September
There
of them will quickly Canadian without
bringing much cooling effects deep this exception will be
August 18th to 10th when cool
and Wyoming the effective relief The most
favorable period for moisture is the 18th to 18TH
weather designed
read forecast of when certain kinds of weather
three
correct at least three times of four.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15

MOnanas
beef cattle Marng these products heaviest the four
Chart
data Maurice associate Of agu
tma economics, Agricultural Experiment Station
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15
By ROLAND K. RENNE, President
Montana Stare College

cal machinery investment of about ST.
100 per ranch. This is made up of the
following:
tractors Sl, $50
Trucks and automobiles ....... $3.50
Other machinery ............. 3,077
In addition to this investment in ma
chinery, the average investment in
buildings on cattle ranches is approx
mately $l0,272.
Assuming an average life of 10 years
for machinery, the typical Montana
cattle rancher would have to include in
his costs of production, an annual ma
chinery depreciation cost in excess of
$500. Assuming the life of ranch build
ings to be about IS years, his annual
cost for building depreciation would be
in excess of $500, thus his total annual
depreciation account would be more
than $1,000 This is considerably less
than that of the typical mechanical
Montana wheat farmer, who has an an
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15

DEPRECIATION OF machinery is
today major production cost for
American agriculture and particularly
for Montana farmers and ranchers. Too
often depreciation costs go unnoticed,
or are not provided for until the day
when the machinery must be replaced.
This places heavy drain upon the OPP
orator to buy the new units. 1t is esti-
mated that the annual machinery de-
probation bill for American agriculture
exceeds So billion.
If this amount were divided equally
among the approximately 21k million
farms in the United States that have
tractors, it would average more than
$1,000 per farm. Then, simply to main
tain the present level of mechanization
would require purchasing thousand
dollars of new machinery, or setting
aside reserves of this amount each year
per farm to replace worn out and OBJ
solete machines. Farmers must save
ahead for such farm machinery re-
placement, or some agency must fur
nish credit to buy new machinery.
Major Farm Cost
Montana farmers and ranchers' in
veStment in machinery is higher than
the national average A typical Mon
tana wheat farm has the following
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15

Or a total investment OF $500. $z5,5UO
The average length of life of this
machinery is about 10 years. Therefore
the average annual machinery depreci-
alton costs are about $3.50 year.
This means Montana wheat farmers
should include in their annual costs Of
production, about $3.50 yearly for ma
chinery depreciation or requirements.
This is just as much a real cost of
production as the cost of seed wheat,
gasoline, tires, lubricating oils, etc.
Cattle Ranches
Montana cattle ranches have typi-
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15

Combine 5000
Tractors (2) ............. 5000
Seeding equipment ......... 5000
Tillage equipment .......... 1000
Trucks ....... 4,5OO
Miscellaneous equipment 49,. 5000
Evening star., 1954-05-07
BY Ben PhIeeor
Associated Press Sports Writer

Banjo-hitting Johnny Temple,
who aims for first base instead
of the fences, is proving the
sparkplug of the Cincinnati Red
legs first-division fight.
Sandwiched into a lineup
which breathes power at almost
every position, this 24-year-old
North Carolinian has parlayed
his humpback liners over the in
field into 1878 batting average,
tops on the club.
Temple, who plays second
base, has been personally re-
sponsible for the winning run
in exactly Is per cent of the
Redlegs' victories this spring.
He drove in the deciding run
again yesterday as Cincinnati
shaded the New York Giants. S.
4, and moved into second place
in the National League with a
1913 record. The Reds trail the
Phillies by only half a game.
While Ted KluszewSki, Jim
Greengrass, Gus Bell g. Co. aim
for outer space, Temple. a grad
uate from the Texas League, is
Evening star., 1954-05-07
Southern Conference
Votes 10 Use Freshmen
BY the Associaied Press

ROANOKE, Va, May THE
Southern Conference voted to-
day to allow freshmen to partici-
pate on varsity athletic teams.
The vote was z to 3.
In roll-call vote, West Vir-
ginia University cast the decid-
ing vote A two-thirds majority
OF the 10 members was needed
for passage of the proposal made
by Washington and Lee Univer-
SitV.
Clyde Colson. West Virginia's
faculty. representative of ath-
leticS, rose from his seat when
West Virginia was called on to
cast its vote. Colson said he felt
he should vote yes for the good
OF the conference but not as far
as West Virginia was concerned
After considerable hesitation
he cast a yes vote.
Evening star., 1954-05-07
Unusual Procedure
In Willie Mays Case
Conceded by Army
By Bill Fuchs

The Army was prepared to
concede today that the basic
training of Willie Mays was de-
layed so the New York Giants
outfielder could play baseball
with Fort Eustis in 1852.
Col. Alfred Crawford, deputy
chief of staff at EuStis, planned
to give complete details of this
unorthodox procedure at today's
open hearing before the Hess
subcommittee of the House
Armed Services Committee which
is investigating preferential
treatment allegedly given to
athletes in the services.
II am going to state that I
personally feel Mays basic train
ing was purposely held up so he
could play ball with the post
team" Col. Crawford told this
reporter after the close of yes
terday's hearing. "He was in
Quoted on or about June IL, 1852.
Normally he should have been
through basic training by the
end of August at the latest. He
want through until some time
in October"
One Of 10 Samples"
Mays, since discharged and
once again performing with the
Giants, is one of 10 sample cases
being reviewed by the commit
tee. To what purpose the dirty
wash" is being hung out for pub
lie airing isn't quite clear at this
point, insomuch as the investi-
cations already have accom-
plished their purpose" in the
words of the chairman, Repre-
sentative Hess, Republican, of
Ohio.
"We merely want to show the
patterns of these cases." Repre-
sentative Hess said after the
highly irregular pattern of
Featherweight Champion Sandy
Saddler's Army stay was re-
vealed yesterday. "The Army al
ready has issued new regulations
and documents to curb such
practices. I'd say we've accom-
plished a great deal already"
Hess added that he hoped to
wind up the hearings today. but
would keep the investigations on
an open status in case any of
the athletes involved wanted to
testify.
How the boom NIT t e e
planned to get through eight
more cases in session begin
ming at 1880 pm. was not dis
closed. 1t required more than
21a hours to get through the
records of Saddler and Dick
Brodowski, Boston Red Sox
pitcher. Names remaining on
the list, besides Mays. are AL
Konikowski. Whitley Ford and
Billy Martin, baseball players;
Eddie and Johnny O'Brien, ia
nous basketball and baseball
twins, and Chico Vejar and
Sugar Ray Robinson, boxers.
It was revealed yesterday
that Saddler received a 30-day
leave from Germany to which he
(See ATHLETES, Page ca
Evening star., 1954-05-07
Spotlight Stolen From Mccarthy
Bonnister Gets Top Headlines,
Sets Street Corners Buzzinq

whose 4:01.4 record he broke, the
Englishman would have won on
his terrific last-lap burst. Com
parative lap times show Haegg
ahead at the three-quarter point
in 2:59.7 to Bannister's 3:00.5.
But the Englishman's $50 final
quarter would have been too
much for the fleet Swede. Arne
Anderson, of the top milers, had
the best half, 1878, compared
with 1882 for Bannister and
1:58.5 for Haegg. Anderson had
a 4:01.6 mile in 1914.
A calm-voiced track announcer
almost gave the small Oxford
gallery heart failure with his
drawn-out announcement of the
Bannister result. His announce
ment went like this;
Result of event No. 9: First,
No. Al, r. G. Bannister, AAA
and formerly of Exeter and Mer-
ton Colleges, with time which is
new meeting and track record
and which. subject to ratif1ca-
ton, will be new English native.
British nation, British all-cOm-
ers, European, British, Empire
and world record. Time was
three minutes, 59.4 seconds"
An odd coincidence was the
fact that there were fou" timers
on the race. At the en- oil of
them had their watches stopped
at the identical time, 1884.
BanniSter'S mile record re-
deemed his disappointing show
ing in the 1,500-meter (metric
mile) race in the 1852 Olympics
at HelSinki. which he had been
favored to win. JoStled at the
start, he finished fourth in the
race. won by Luxembourg's Josy
Barthel.
Evening star., 1954-05-07

by four timers in dual meet between the British Amateur
Athletic Association and Oxford University Bully Roger
and for Chataway and Brasher against him. as we'll
And bully for the four clockers for each got exactly
time
BANNISTERS ACHIEVEMENT indeed was all the more
remarkable IN that the 25yearod exOxford runner who
is to get his medical degree making his first run
OF the And it windy day. with evidence that
he was hndered rather than helped elements When
man or beast mile in 1894 he travelling at rate
OF better than Is miles hour This faster than some
OF the traers in the Kentucky Derby to be
moving in the stretch.
There track historians who say clocking of
mile winner occurred back 1854 when Engshman named
Charles LaweS caught in roughly 56 seconds
longer than it took Bannster assuming the
properly measured.
Persistent bighters those British miers Thev kent
nibblng at the time and finally reduced it in 1885,
Later that year, American named Tommy Conner
of the IrishAmerican C. it 4156 Then followed
notably such American greats John Norman
Tabor before the peerless Paavo Finland certainly
the most dynamic track figure of his day. along the
192Os
THE MOODY FINN is well known carried stopwatch
to which he made frequent reference this time
NurmS heydey that otherwise normal
in terms of 4-inute-mile supreme but there
Is no evidence that he set to 6Osecond
quarters Paavo waso had to Dissatisfied with 41O4
that he set in 1928.
More modern runners, course, have beaten Nurmis
time on numerous occasions. Ladoumegue Of
Lovelock OF New Zealand Wooderson OF England
Haegg and Anderson of Sweden -. Cunningham santee
and other Americans Landy of Australia among
the best known have besed and bring the
4minue-mile closer to realization But carried
through Some came close, but got cigar and in
interim the experts prophesied way another
majority including Les MacN1itchell of milling fame
himself, insisted that 4-minute mile in the near
ofng But others conceded that after ALL mile in minutes
less perhaps too much to expect human Now
Roger Bannister has the question: for ALL
UNLESS ONE IS INCLINED to read baseball accounts
very closely he may have missed trend Two of the
big league managers rockies bot have been throwing the
book out of the window The other day. game between
his Dodgers and the Cincinnati Redegs Walt Aston
that Sugger Ted Kuszewsk be walked Intentionally despite
the fact that nobody base.
Alston, who Chuck Dresser, he was
asking for criticism But the hitter Johnny Temple
who doesn't hit a long ball." Aston argued
There is dim recollection of the Cards having passed
Ralph Kiner with nobody base during game
with the Pirates. Could be. But Waite Hoyt famed
Yankee pitcher who broadcasts Cincinnati doesn't
that Babe Ruth Intentionally under
the same circumstances.
Birdie TebbettS manager of the Reds pulled one
his in the wake of AStonS decision on KuSzews
With two strikes Temple and with two out called
bunt 1t went FOUL ending the inning. Still interesting
to that both the Dodgers doing all right
Evening star., 1954-05-07
PinoIico Opens for 78 Days;
Dixie Handicap 7 omorrow

loted the late Royce G. Martins
Goyamo to fourth place in the
Derby, is scheduled to ride
Brookmeade Farms Capeador
tomorrow in the Dixie. Eddie will
be back to ride in the PreakneSs
under present plans.
Those who prefer atmosphere,
such as ancient Pimlico and
Churchill Downs provide, over
modern comforts, will have
last look at some of the Balti-
more tracks weather beaten
boards. The day after the meet
ing closes May 81, the work Of
tearing down the small clubhouse
and half the adjacent grandstand
will begin. They will be replaced
in modern style.
Turf racing also will be inaug-
urated at Pimlico during the
meeting. Built over the former
steeplechasing course. the new
grass strip was laid out a year
ago with banked turns and will
be used for the first time tomor-
row if the weather is good.
Eleven allowance reuters were
entered in today'S feature, with
Brookmeade's Roaring Bull, w.
w. Waters Bea Marony, Henry
B. Cohen's Mully S. and Tyson
Gilpin's Arson expected to at
tract the most attention.
EatOntown Wins at Bowie.
Alfred Roberts Eatontown
celebrated the close of Bowie's
81 day meeting yesterday by
winning the 7-furlong, $4,000
added Bowie Handicap in record
time. With Jockey Joe Gull
none up. the veteran gelding
was clocked in 1:2335, clipping
one-fifth Of a second of the
mark made by Penocc last No
vember 81.
An extra race, staged for the
benefit Of injured Jockey Mike
Caf1arella, gave Eldon Nelson
his second winner of the day,
clinching riding honors of the
meeting for the wee Kansan.
Nelson finished with q winners
(See PIMLICO, Page C-2.)
Evening star., 1954-05-07
Ibriton May Try
For New Mark
AtS80 Yards
Coils Feat Overruted
Sees 3.56 Possible;
Enters Service Soon
BY the Assoeioted Press

OXFORD, England, May T.
Roger Bannister, the master
miller who crashed the four-min-
ute barrier, drew back into his
shell of shyness today while the
athletic world acclaimed his feat
of the century.
The quiet. 25-year-old medical
student shattered the world rec
ord with dazzling 1884 clock
ing in the blustery cold here late
yesterday and thus won the race
to the peak of trackdom's Mount
Everest-the minute mile.
II think the four-minute mile
has been overrated," Bannister
said quietly as if trying to justify
his feat. After ALL it's only a
time. The essence of athletics is
racing against an opponent rath-
er than a clock"
He said he was tired at the
end Of the race and that he knew
he'd just about make it to the
end.
Says Others will Do It.
Il think people have been
frightened of this four-minute
mile" he said. Nov that it's
Evening star., 1954-05-07
Temple Drives In Big Runs
Sproy-Hitting Second d-Socker
Real S SporkpIug for RedIegs

satisfied with his singles, many
of them Texas Leaguers. Against
the Giants he dumped one into
right field in the eighth inning
that scored Nino Escalera, pinch
runner. from second base for
the winning run.
In six years in organized
baseball Temple has hit only Is
home runs, less than half the
number Kluszewski probably will
hit this season. But the young
inf1elder consistently hit over
300 in the minors and he led
the Pioneer League in l949 with
an even 400. He's a Cincinnati
farm product all the way, since
he walked into a tryout camp
in 1948 and asked for a job
Cincinnati'S rise to second
(See BASEBALL, Page C-3.)
Evening star., 1954-05-07
Try Again in Boston Tonight
Senators Do Their Worst
With 2 Out in the Ninth

blanked, 10. with two down and
nobody on in the ninth. Three
straight singles tied the score
and the Senators lost in the
twelfth.
Johnny Schmitz was beating
the Indians. 80, with only one
out to go, but couldn't get it.
Larry Dolby singled across the
tying run and Cleveland won it
in the 10th.
Since Chicago would have
been the loser of one of those
contests, the Senators might
easily have been only a half
game out Of first place with an
Ill record. Instead they're 51a
games back, disgusted with the
world and dreaming of what
might have been.
In three weeks, possibly the
most promising Washington
team in 20 years has been
crushed. These 1854 Senators
could have overcome their oc-
casional hitting. but they've
made flock of errors and rare
has been the error that hasn't
hurt them. They've wasted pen
nant-winning pitching.
Startling Deal Needed.
They're awaiting announce
ment of a deal calculated to
bolster their inf1eld, but only a
trade of startling proportions
figures to snap the Senators out
of their bleary outlook on life.
They're looking, at the moment,
as if they've had it.
Spec Shea, the only Washing.
(See SENATORS, Page C-3.)
Evening star., 1954-05-07
Olympic Coach Sees
60-Foot Shot Put,
7-Foot Jump Next
BY the Associated Press

BERKELEY, Calf, May
7.-Brutus Hamilton, 1852
Olympic coach, says Roger
Bannister's 1884 mile is not
the ultimate in track per-
formances. Instead, he says,
it may mark only the second
of the impossible" marks to
be reached. The 15-foot pole
vault was first.
Parry O'Brien is Just
inches from a 60-foot shot
put and Ernie Shelton also
Of Southern California, is
within an inch of a 7-foot
high jump. Walt Davis holds
the worlds record at 6 feet,
111a inches, but retired from
high jumping last year to
play. pro basketball.
Every time I pick up the
sports section I half expect
to read about one or both
OF these records going by the
boards" Hamilton said.
Evening star., 1954-05-07
By the Assoeioted Press

NEW YORK, May 7.-Excite-
ment over Roger Bannister's fam
tastic 1894 mile-the feat they
said was impossible y was not
confined to the track world.
The story from oxford, Eng
land, cut in heavily on the
Mccarthy Army hearings in
front-page displays in the Ma
tion's newspapers. 1t stole the
top strea1hers from some.
One New York newspaper de-
voted six columns of space to the
achievement. league base
ball races became secondary, and
street corners buzzed with talk
of the tremendous mile run.
At a newsstand at Fifty-firS
street and Sixth avenue, where
the conversation often is all
about the Dodgers, a man pointed
to the paper and said:
He run it,"
"Who run ft?"
THAT Bannister guy-he run
it in better'n four"
On an elevator the conversa-
ton went something like this:
"BanniSter? I never heard Of
him."
II did. He's a doc, or some
thing"
The reddeSt faces belong to
some of our scientists. A couple
of months ago Science" the
official journal of the American
Association for the Advancement
of Science. reported Roger Ban
mister couldn't do it. This was
proved by appropriate graphs.
Know how fast Bannister was
travelling in setting his world
record? 1871 yards a second.
II BanniSter had been running
against the great Gunder Haegg,
Evening star., 1954-05-07
Baseball N Today
Senators at Boston. wTTG, Cha
$50 pm.

Senator's at Boston. WTTG, Channel s.
$3.50 pm.
Once there was a tie in the
same situation. Twice oppo-
nents had nobody on base, but
four times the Senators have
blown those close ones and if
it hasn't shredded their spirit
it's at least fractured their faith
in luck.
The old observation that the
game isn't over until the final
out has become too vivid to the
stumbling Senators. Against
the White Sox Yesterday they
owned a 4-3 lead with two out
and nobody on at Griffith Sta
dium, but they lost, Sd.
1t Started Early.
It's nothing novel. On the
second day of the season they
were battling the Yankees on
even terms but Wayne Terwil-
Tiger dropped a ninth-inning
pop fly to permit the winning
run to score.
Bob Porterfeld had the Tigers
Evening star., 1954-05-07

Preakness May %. Tomor-
rows $25.000-added Dixie Hand
leap at a mile and one-eighth,
and the ,000-added Black
Eyed Susan stakes for 3-year-
old f1llies May Is, are other
highlightS of the 18-day session.
Robert S. Lytle'S Correlation.
beaten favorite in the Kentucky
Derby, already is on the grounds
tuning UP for the Preakness.
Jockey Willie Shoemaker, who
rode the colt at Churchill Downs,
has notified Pimlico officials he
expects to be in Baltimore at
least a week before the race to
familiarize himself with the
track.
Jockey Eddie Arcaro, who pi-
Evening star., 1954-05-07
been broken, I'm sure other run
nnrc will hraolk IL kon

been broken, I'm sure other run
ners will break it. too
He added that at the 660-yard
point his Austrian physical
training adviser, Franz Stampl,
called: Relax, relax"
"That call made me feel really
good" he said. II felt them I
had a great chance. AS I neared
the end of the third lap, for the
first time I felt really confident
I could do it.
when I got to that last bend.
I wasn't thinking of anything
in particular. I just couldn't
think. I saw the tape family
ahead, put everything into get
ting there and that was the last
I knew about it,"
That's how the slim, 6-foot-1
(See BANNISTER. Page CAY
Evening star., 1954-05-07

A great deal of newspaper space in the
last year or two has been devoted to John
Landy of Australia who, largely due to the
sporting press from Down Under, always
seemed to talk a mite better than he ran.
In this country, Yves Santee was not pre-
ciSely blushing violet in his own right.
A recent literary effort of Santee's, if men,
ory serves, was entitled, 'I1l Run a Four
Minute Mile
But it remained for Roger Bannister of
England to break the 4-minute barrier
unothcially, anyway-with clocking
minutes 5925 seconds He was timed thus
Evening star., 1954-05-07
Probable Pitchers

AMERICAN LEAGUE.
Washington at Boston (night)-Shea
600 VS.. Nixon U-1) or Kiely (O-2)
Philadelphia at New York - Martin
G-1 or Portocarrero (0-0) VS.. Morgan
DO.
Only games scheduled.
NATIONAL LEAGUE.
Brooklyn at Philadelphia tnight)-
Newcombe t2-D VS.. Simmons t3-1.
New York at Pittsburgh (night)-
Aatonelli t2-D VS.. Law t2-2).
st Louis at Cincinnati (nightD -
Staley (2-1l VS.. Valentine (2-2l.
Chicago at Milwaukee (night) -
Hacker (0-D VS.. Buhl (O-1).
Evening star., 1954-05-07
Special Dispatch 10 The Stor

BALTIMORE, May 7.-Preak-
minded Pimlico opened the
third and final lap of Mary
lands spring racing season to-
day with an ordinary program
headed by the $4,000 Homeland
purse at a mile and one
sixteenth. Post time for the
first race was 2 pm.
Everything at the old track is
geared to the $100,000-added