davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-06-02

perity. All that is necessary Is to set
UP financial machinery for the Govern
ment to insure the banks so that they
can provide long-term loans to the
individuals for the purchase OF housing
and other basic essentials.
It must be understood here that
lenient housing financing is for the
benefit of the individual and not the
builder. The builder only performs
the work of assembling the land and
materials from which he produces the
finished housing unit. For this service
he should be paid without the need
of adding a speculative profit. If
proper financing is, provided the pur-
chaser, then competition between build
ers will bring about good housing at a
reasonable cost. The economy will also
be strengthened by the proper flow of
money and the elimination of the costly
free-banking operations which are
forced on the suppliers Of building ma
terialS.
A properly financed housing industry
will maintain high level Of gainfully
employed workers and this coupled with,
an ever-increasing percentage Of home
owners will put to rest the threat OF
communism. The Government inSur-
ing type of financing can be applied to
basic small businesses which do not
have the organizational setup to sell
stock and obtain the necessary capital
for expansion to see them through the
rough spots Of a recession.
Small business profits can no longer
be depended on to supply the money
needed for growth as taxes and short
profits are slowly stagnating and
drowning out the traditional independ-
ent businessmen in America.
The insuring of loans by the Govern
ment should also be used for programs
such as iva and other flood control
and power projects which are too large
for private capital to tackle. If the
Government insured these projects and
they were operated under controlled.
efficient private management the inter-
est and principal would be paid back
along with taxes and the threat OF
socialism would be put to rest.
The suggested Government insuring
program is needed because the private
financial interests Of the country are
failing to do the job. mainly because
they are controlled by the Treasury
Department Of the Government. Con-
sequently, under existing policy there
is no hope Of q realistic increasing Of
the money supply except by new leg1s-
lation.
Joseph II. Deckman.
Evening star., 1954-06-02

to the States and 10 were ratified. The
two that failed would have provided for
at least one member of the House for
every $4,000 citizens and prevented any
congressional pay raise from taking
effect until an election had intervened.
Before the Bill of Rights amend
mentS went to the States, the House
killed a proposal to allow the con-
stituents to instruct their members of
Congress how to vote. The Senate
turned down several other suggested
clauses, such as those that would have
exempted conscientious objectors from
military service or blocked any of the
three branches of the Government from
exercising powers vested in the other"
Thus the sound of constitutional
amendment ideas down through the
years continues to have modern ring
today. No fewer than 400 amendment
proposals were submitted to House or
Senate between 1900 and 1860. More
than a century ago there were moves
for popular election of Senators, aboli-
ton or revision of the electoral college,
restriction of presidential tenure to two
terms, and Stricter requirements for ad-
mission OF States to the Union. And
amendments envisioning representation
or for the voiceless and voteless District
have long been urged.
Most of the proposals advocated be-
fore the Civil War centered mainly on
hoped-for improvements in govern
mental procedures or were aimed at
limiting or more clearly defining the
extent OF Federal powers and functions.
The 18th Amendment that abolished
slavery has been described as "the first
use OF the amending process to accom-
Evening star., 1954-06-02
By Charles E. TroceweN
Joseph II. Deckman.

being brought up to be courteous" he
said.
isn't it?" agreed the lady.
Later on, down the avenue, the boy
looked inquiringly at the bell cord.
He tried to reach it. but couldn't quite
make it over the heads Of the passen-
gers.
do you want to get OFF," Jones
smiled at the boy.
Eyes, sir" replied the lad.
"I1l ring it," said Jones.
THANK you very much" replied the
boy.
Templeton Jones felt a little better.
Maybe the year 1854 wasn't too bad,
after all.
That evening he met friend from
the next block, and he asked him about
the silent man who had refused to
speak even when goaded.
Templeton Jones is, by the way, good
at goading.
Goading is something he has trained
himself at for many years.
"Oh, the man in the old Smith
house?" asked his friend.
mo wonder he didn't answer you.
He lost his hearing in the battle Of
Leyte Gulf"
Templeton Jones face began to burn
again.
Evening star., 1954-06-02
Eisenhower-Two for Two

Many big league ball clubs-including our
currently proud SenatorS-make practice Of
frowning on golf playing after the baseball
season officially gets under way. If it could be
done-without infringing upon the zealously
defended responsibilities of the executive branch
of the Governmental might be highly ad-
vantageouS if Mr.. Clark (Old Fox) Griffith could
extend this prohibition to President Eisenhower.
For at this point in the 1854 season the Presi-
dent has two wins in two starts at the ball park
better perhaps than his performance at
Burning Tree
On opening day it took him ten innings
with some home run help from Mickey Vernon
Ito pull one out of the fire by SIS score over
the New York Yankees. There was some ap-
prehension on that occasion that Ike would
Evening star., 1954-06-02
Open Season on Amending Constitution
By Robert K. WoIsh

THIS SESSION OF Congress. as
II Senator HenningS Of Missouri re-
marked. baSkS in an open season" Of
efforts to amend the Constitution. That
points up q condition which fiourished
even when the supreme law Of the
land was hardly more than theory.
Constitutional cries Of "It's time for
change" began some l65 years ago.
Although most Of the proposals have
perished. numerous hardy perennials
persist. Hope still springs eternal with
a variety Of suggested articles of
amendment.
A Senate "great debate" early this
year resulted in defeat of the Bricker
amendment aimed at the Presidents
treaty-making prerogativeS. Consider
ably more than the necessary two
thirds majority. however. passed a res
olution offered by Senator Butler Of
Maryland to fix the size Of the Supreme
Court and require Federal judges to
retire at rs. Still more recently the SEN
ate defeated an amendment to set the
voting age at Is. And the Senate Judi
ciary Committee has reported out an
amendment that would allow the Pres
ident to veto individual items in an
appropriation bill without rejecting the
entire measure.
Whether or not the Supreme Court
follows the election returns, there is
clear and present belief that consti-
tutional amendment introductionS
sometimes follow Supreme Court opin-
ions. Since the tribunal outlawed pub
lie school racial segregation, both
Senate and House have received reso-
lutions that would let States maintain
separate but equal educational facil-
tiles.
Scores of constitutional amendment
bills have been dropped into the House
hopper since the 83d Congress con-
vened in January, 1858. Many are re-
peat or retreads, not merely from the
82d Congress but from years-if not
generationS-back.
Their sponsors, while conceding lit
tie chance of adoption at this session.
can always lean on history. They recall
how many of the % existing amend
ments to the Constitution frequently
had to overcome apparently insur-
mountable odds, opposition or indif-
ference before enactment by Congress
and ratification by three-fourths Of
the States.
The story Of the Bill Of Rights was
not as smooth as some of it's more
pronounced modern champions sup
pose. President George Washington's
first inaugural address expressly asked
Congress to consider group of amend
lnents in line with requests even be-
fore the Constitution became operative.
Representative Madison of Virginia in
troduced set of amendments in the
House.
Congress submitted IL amendments
Evening star., 1954-06-02
We Cont Afford 1t

The Star recently commented edi-
torially on the serious decline in the
number of college graduates in the
scientific fields, concluding that I'VE
Can't Afford It." You cited that Russia,
for example, in 1854 would have twice
tile number Of engineering graduates
as the United States-some 10000 to
about 10000.
The situation is indeed cause for
concern, particularly when considered
in relation to reports from the National
Science Teachers Association. Last De-
cember CA. P. dispatch Dec. 5, 1859
the association announced tue results OF
surveys which showed a continued de-
cline of interest in science courses
among high school students. If this de-
cline persists, the country's scientific
manpower problem can become really
critical. The sources Of interested college
science students (and graduates) will be
seriously narrowed. and the prospects
for essential scientific progress and ma
tional security both may be endangered.
Currently the National Science Foun-
Evening star., 1954-06-02
A Law Unto Himself

Senator Mccarthy is going to have trouble
getting out of the hole that he is digging for
himself.
He has now renewed his arrogant refusal to
respect the secrecy stamps of "some little
bureaucrat." He has again announced that he
will not be bound by "any presidential directive
Of secrecy" And he has taken the further
significant step of refusing to permit members
OF his own committee to inspect what pre-
Sumably are committee files.
This last came about in a tilt with Senator
Mcclellan, who wanted to see the files which
would show how much work, if any, Private
Schine actually did for the committee. Senator
Mccarthy said he would not let Senator Nc
Clellan inspect the files because the latter might
disclose the identity of secret informants
There is a certain logic to this. Senator
Mcclellan has said he thinks the person who
gave Senator Mccarthy information from a
CONFIDENTIAL FBI report is guilty of a crime
Presumably the same applies to any other
employe in the executive branch who leaks
confidential or classified information. If this
is so, then Senator Mcclellan, upon learning
the identity of any such informant, would be
duty bound to reveal his name to the proper
authorities
But where does this lead? Senator Nc
Carthy is promising to protect any and all
executive employees VINO come to him with secret
information. He will not even let Senators on
his own committee know who they are Obvi-
ously, II any informants do come to him, SEN
ator Mccarthy is going to be operating one
man secret police agency And other Senators.
ignorant OF the identity of his secret informants
will not know whether to believe or disbelieve
any alleged information which Senator Nc
Carthy produces
1t is a reasonable assumption that the
end result Of this is going to be to DESTROY
Senator McCarthy's usefulness as chairman Of
the committee. That is, it will destroy his use
fulness unless the Republicans as well as the
Democrats in the Senate are willing to close
their eyes and give their Wisconsin colleague
free hand to destroy, if he can, a Republican
administration.
Evening star., 1954-06-02
u. S. Guaranteed Financing

AS one who has been consistent foe
of New DealiSm and Socialism I feel
called upon to make certain obServa-
tions which may cause me to be accused
of changing horses in the middle Of
recession.
That we are in a recession only a
would deny.
On the surface the country may ap-
pear to be prosperous and nothing Seri-
GUS financially wrong. But the most
serious problem facing America today
Is that of an adequate money supply so
that the work of expansion can go for
ward. Financing for housing new fam
lilies on a reasonable basis from year to
year must be worked out. Small buSi-
neSses should be considered a part of
the business world and receive adequate
financial tools If full employment and
a high standard of living is to be a pol
icy of our Nation.
Apparently what is happening in the
present recession is return to the
philosophy of hard money and the gold
standard. The rich are to get richer
while the rest of the people reduce their
SCduOdTO VI AVAAAS dAAu O A1A Sc PoOA "a
unemployed walks the land. This sit
uation can develop rapidly, as the
money supply has already been shrunk
over a billion dollars since last year.
America is living, growing Nation
because it has basically operated on a
program of production for use; and
money has been considered a medium
of exchange with no intrinsic value
except as measure of the labor Of the
individual. This philosophy has been
distorted by the New Deal socialism.
but that does not mean we should re-
sort to a policy Of counting the gold at
Fort Knox while an army OF unem-
ployed builds up.
We do not have to 60 to war In order
to provide Government spending as q
means to bring about pseudo pros
Evening star., 1954-06-02
Our Declining Socialists

In the November elections of 1852 Darling
ton Hopes, the Socialist candidate for Presi-
dent, received only 20,189 votes out of a total
of more than 81 million cast by the American
people. So it was not surprising, month later,
when the partys executive committee decided
that it would be rather foolish to make a bid
for victory in the 1856 campaign for the White
House.
Nor is it surprising now that Norman
Thomas has reafirmed that decision at the
partys 29th national convention, which has just
been held in Philadelphia. Although he has left
some room for possible last-minute change of
mind, he has made clear that as matters stand
at the moment-with the political and economic
realities being what they are-it is improbable
in the extreme that the Socialists will nominate
presidential and vice presidential candidates
for the 1856 race. Instead as things look today,
they will concentrate solely on congressional
contests, with the hope-none too robust-that
they may be able to pick up a seat or two.
In a way, this news seems somewhat re-
grettable, especially as it bears upon Norman
Thomas himself. For he has been Americas
"Mr. Socialist" for so many years-lending his
distinguished presence and resonant anti
capitalist and anti-C Communist voice to so many
national campaigns-that one feels sense of
nostalgia, certain measure Of sadness, when
ne says that his party Is dlSlncllned 10 enter
the next presidential race. After ALL he has
run for election to the White House no fewer
than six times-from 1928 to 1948 inclusive
and our political scene will lose bit Of its old
color without him or q comparable successor.
But MIR. Hopes forlorn showing in 1852
the first time in "A years that the Socialist
presidential candidate was somebody other than
Mr.. Thomas remains as convincing evidence
that the party's appeal has grown to be too in
consequential to warrant the expenses involved
in national electioneering. The party, in Short
is up against political and economic realities
that make it more or less pointless in America,
and it is accordingly following the dictates of
common sense in shying away from efforts to
wrest the White House from either the Re-
publicanS or Democrats.
Evening star., 1954-06-02
Atomic Dog in the Monger

The Kremlin-Speaking indirectly through
Pravda-now has so libeled President Eisen-
howers atoms-for-peace plan that there would
seem to be no point whatever in continuing the
secret Soviet-American talks on the subject.
For the Malenkov regime is quite evidently
determined-at least as Of this time-not
merely to refuse cooperation, but also to play
a -in-the-manger role calculated to dis
courage other nations from working with the
United States in an effort to make the project
reality.
This is the only conclusion to be drawn
from the latest Soviet disquisition in Pravda.
Thus, employing the technique of the big lie
with vicious abandon, Moscow's propagandists
have attacked the Presidents plan as pro-
posal made in complete bad faith for COM
pletely evil ends-a mere facade behind which
the United States is seeking to achieve
nuclear- energy monopoly in the capitalist world,
is striving to prevent international control of
A-weapons and the hydrogen bomb and is
preparing the ground for creation of a new
cartel Of dealers in atomic DEATH" Hence,
according to the Kremlin, no country anywhere
should cooperate in the fraudulent" EiSen-
hover project because such cooperation would
weaken the vigilance of the peoples in relation
to the growing threat of war with the use Of
means of mass destruction"
Actually, OF course, as presented to the
United Nations last December 8, the Presidents
plan has been proposed with the utmost
sincerity for the good of all mankind, its i'm
mediate objective being to establish-under the
aegis of the u. Nan international pool of
fashionable materials as a first step toward
harnessing the atom for human betterment
everywhere, economically, socially and other
wise. Further than that, as for its long-range
objective, it is based on the idea that the
effective operation of such a pool, with the
Soviet Union participating, would help to de-
crease diStrust among nations and promote
new cooperative climate in which the
groundwork could be laid for real world control
of substitution weapons. But the Russian
and satellite peoples are not being informed to
that effect. Instead, they are being told that
the whole project is nothing but dangerous
maneuver by American warmongerS.
Given this monstrous perversion of the
truth, the United States and all minded
nations should now do everything possible to
bring the atomic pool into being without Soviet
participation. Certainly, as the President him
should be allowed to wither away simply because
Premier Malenkov and his co-conSpirators are
opposed to it, just as they are opposed to effec-
tive control of A-weapons and the H-bomb.
Let Tho Russians play dog in the manger against
it if they want, but that should not in the least
deter the free world from going forward with
the plan to realize its bright promise.
Evening star., 1954-06-02
Heoving the Leod,
Boy of Tunis

The caster feres his broiDn arm:
A splash. the hemp line bores
knife-cIedn:
Aboue smooth tuGter. blue and iDarns.
! hear him: BY the mark ftteenp
/ listen: his frank. casual voice
Contains no hint OF gods and men
Who plunge and do not hear rejoice
Rone's trumpets through the Sea
VOLTS den.
WaiSt-nude and slim and competent.
Careless, obliuious and young.
Not his the heart Dith pity rent
As blue depths Quench nations
tongue.
Our ship olides fairly on: shrug:
Secure lies tohat Is buried there.
Coins, columns. cntapults. and snug
The botOstrin0s of nraiden's hair.
John Aekenoa
Evening star., 1954-06-02
A Service Worth CONTINUING

Congress would be showing good Judgment
If 1t spared the District Health DEPARTMENTS
Emergency Homemaker Service from the econ
omy Scalpel. This httle-publicized but verv
worthwhile agency has proved to be valuable
adjunct of public health and welfare ad-
miniStration in Washington. It has saved
homes from being broken up in emergencies
and in so doing has saved money that otherwise
would have had to be spent for foster-home
or institutional care of children of INDECENT
parents. And in keeping families together the
service has dealt blow to one of the main
causes of juvenile delinquency. It would be
false economy to abandon such q good work
now.
Actually, the service had to be suspended
temporarily several months ago because of
insufficient funds for the current year This
suspension ought not to be prolonged The
Health Department included in its new budget
q provision for maintenance of 10 homemaker
aids during the next fiscal year. There have
been fears that this item might fall victim
to economy operations at the Capitol. A
persuasive appeal for granting of the appropria-
tion was made to House Appropriations sub
committee by the Citizens Advisory Committee
OF the Emergency Homemaker Service. Mem
bers of the advisory group stressed the humani-
tartan aspects Of the program.
Once known as the Housekeeping Aides
Service, the organization gives practical and
important type Of assistance to low-income
families deprived Of mother and housewife care
through sickness. The uniformed, specially
trained "homemaker" takes over the essential
maternal, nurse-maid and housekeeping duties
where they were left of by the stricken parent
This obviates the necessity Of placing children
In foster homes or institutions, enables the hus-
band to continue his bread winning activities
and relieves the wife of worries that might ag-
gravate her illness. The agency works in close
collaboration with the Health and Welfare
Departments. 1t provides unique service not
otherwise available in Washington. It is a
service which should not be permitted to lapse
for want of the small appropriation needed to
keep it going.
Evening star., 1954-06-02

prove to be strictly an early-inning worker.
He was still In there pitching" however. when
Mickey lofted one over the right-field fence.
But at Red Cross Benefit day last Thursday the
President wrapped up his second victory as
early as the fifth inning. In the fourth, he had
q bottle Of soda pop In the fifth, the Senators
scored fve runs-while the President whooped
his approval and pounded Mr.. (Old Fox)
Griffith on the back. Just to be sure this one
didn't get away, Ike stayed until the finish
again. It looks as though Ike is real asset
the Yankees are his cousins" and he can do no
wrong at Grifith Stadium.
Evening star., 1954-06-02
Letters to The Star.

dation is reported to have under way a
comprehensive study which, among 9TH
er findings, may provide information
on our scientific manpower require
ments. This and other related efforts
should certainly be encouraged, for we
need a clear understanding of what
these requirements are and what can be
done to meet them. AS your editorial
points out, this is subject of vital con-
cern to the whole country, and we
can't afford to neglect it.
Harold Sandbank.
Evening star., 1954-06-02

plish o Nationwide substantive re-
FORM" In contrast to this approach.
President Monroe in 1917 wanted the
Constitution amended to authorize the
Federal Government to carry out q
broad program Of internal develop
ments such as roads, canals and navi-
cation aids that some Of the States
opposed or wanted to do themselves.
In a desperate effort to ward of
war between the states various men,
bers Of Congress and others devised
would : be constitutional amendments
that frankly sought to out-compromise
the Missouri Compromise. Others
seemed intent on circumventing or
clarifying the Supreme Courts deci-
sion in the Dred Scott case or easing
the strain caused by differing views of
such terms as sovereignty and delegated
powers.
Not the least remarkable and endur-
ing thing about the Constitution is
that Is has been so seldom amended.
It is. Of course, not easy to amend or
to "un-amend," Notwithstanding the
experience with repeal of the 18th
Amendment. Hardly a session Of Con-
greSS comes and goes without some
member demanding that the Consti-
tuition be amended so that it can be
more quickly amended. This generally
encounters a counterproposal to make
it even harder to amend.
Yet, despite all the ills that the body
polite falls heir to in these days, it still
can count on strong Constitution. The
doctrine and document have managed
thus far to Withstand almost all man
ner of operation. actual or advisory.
Evening star., 1954-06-02
Questions and Answers

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