davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-01-15

less than seven years ago. The
masses were hungry. down.
trodden and unemployed.
Communist propaganda was
more active among the Ger
man workers and intellectuals
than in any other part of the
world. The fantastic economic
and political recovery of that
country, whose people had
ample reasons to embrace the
Red doctrines, shows that hun.
ger and oppression are not pri-
mary causes for turning to
communism.
The foundations for COM
munism in its present viru-
lence in France and Italy were
laid by the resistance groups
which on orders from Moscow
fought the Germans after Hit
Ter invaded the U. S. S. r. They
were a power after the de-
feat of the Austrian maniac.
Under MOScow'S pressure the
first free governments in Paris
and Rome included Commu-
mist leaders such as Maurice
Thorez and Togliatti as dep
uty prime ministers. They
did not remain in office more
than two years. But during
that time they managed to-
place their destructive SUBJ
verSive agents in every rela-
lively obscure but influential
position in the government
and in the labor unions.
Political men who at one
time had been either neutral
toward communism or OPP
posed to it's militant political
power are now succumbing to
the neo-Marxism of Moscow
because they are deeply con-
vinced that they can keep war
away from the frontiers Of
their countries by yielding
rather than antagonizing the
Muscovites.
We must always remember
that despite the "shrinkage"
of the world through new
means of communication
America is still far away in
the mind of the average
European. while the U. S. S. r.
Is next door.
Evening star., 1954-01-15

to symbolic a refuge away
from foreigners" It is the
easy way of isolation all over
again. pulling the Atlantic and
Pacific Oceans over us like a
warm blanket to shut out the
cold, grim world and. as a
matter of fact, old-time isola-
tionists are leading the Bricker
crusade.
The amendment has a plau-
sibility in the explanation by
its sponsors Of it's very brief
and technical language which,
when translated, specifies that
a treaty cannot nullify State
laws; that treaties must be
approved by both branches of
Congress in addition to their
ratiflcation-aS now under
the Constitution by two
thirds of the Senate; that
Congress can regulate execu-
tive agreements with other
nations, and that any treaty
that is contrary to our Consti-
tuition is null and void. The
last has always been true,
being in the Constitution itself,
and the Supreme Court has
from time to time pointed
that out. It is worth pointing
out that the constitutionality
Of a treaty never has been
challenged. so that the danger
Senator Bricker fears never
has arisen. 1t is the provision
for veto Of a treaty by State
laws that President Eisen-
hover said he could never ac-
cept, as that would not leave
the President free, as the Con-
stitution provides, to act for
the whole Nation In dealing
with other nations, but would,
he said. recreate the situation
under the Articles of Con-
federation government which
caused abandonment of that
loose federation for the Union
created by the Constitution.
The BrickeF amendment
Evening star., 1954-01-15

the Ohioan has told them
repeatedly with bitterness and
anger.
The President is prepared
to demand of the Senate why
it wants to cast a vote of no
confidence in itself. This is
what it will be doing. in his
view, if it shares with the
States its present right to
ratify treaties.
One of the wisest men and
aolest lawyers of the Senate,
George of Georgia. privately
agrees that this is precisely
what the Senate will be doing.
His public position is that he
would like to vote for some
compromise but is not willing
to go as far as the Senator
from Ohio.
What Mr.. George and other
Senator's are up against is
the support the Bricker forces
drummed up for the amend
ment during the Truman ad-
ministration. Patriotic organ
izations were persuaded that
the issue was simple, not COM
plex, and committed them
selves to it. The American
Bar Association backed it. The
doctors were persuaded it was
merely another step in the
fight against socialization.
The President is late in
reaching these groups, all Of
Evening star., 1954-01-15

wants the lighting at the out
break Of war kept as far from
these shores as possible. Al
most every one favors some.
form of international cooper
alton. Nobody wants to with
draw all aid and all troops
from all parts Of the world
and crawl into a shell. though
the extremists who want
American taxpayers to be bled
while vast funds are wasted
abroad often criticize those
who disagree with them and
employ smearing epithets like
"isolationist."
The four-party system pre-
walls primarily on domestic is
sues. The Democrats who are
conservative liberals" believe
in maintaining individual ini-
tiative and enterprise as
against Government ownership
and the welfare state"-the
characteristic theme Of the
radical liberal" along with
a tendency to put the Govern
ment in control of everything.
President Eisenhower's legis-
lative program has been called
a middle of the road" pro-
gram. If by this is meant a
series of compromises between
extremes. it is an incorrect
designation. What the Presi-
dent has done is to lend the
weight of his Office to certain
positions which he thinks are
desirable and sound whether
they come from the left side
or the right side. That's not
really a middle of the road"
philosophy. It's a recognition
Of fundamental principles Of
fairness and equity. It dis
regards the origin Of the prof.
ect and concerns itself with
the merits.
That's why Mr.. Eisenhower
will get a working majority.
which will be drawn from the
conservative liberals" on the
Democratic side and their
brethren of similar view on the
Republican side. No single
majority on one issue will re-
semble the lineup on another
issue. This is not new-not
a single major piece of legis-
lation has been adopted by
Congress in nearly Is years in
which there has been a strict
party vote on both sides. That's
the -four party" system.
Reproduction Rights Reseryed.)
Evening star., 1954-01-15
Thonos L. Stokes,

Few "fads" or "crazeS" in
fashions or manners have
stirred up such an emotional
fever and fret as a matter
that is, unlike them, almost
completely beyond the pale of
everyday popular interest
the proposed Bricker amend
ment to the Constitution.
"Fads" and "crazes" of the
sort mentioned leave us none
the worse off, beyond a touch
OF chagrin maybe. But the
amendment sored by
Senator John w. Bricker.
Republican, of Ohio could
leave us, in event of it's adop-
tion, much worse off for the
big job constantly before us
and the free world, which is
to cope with the Communist
threat.
President Eisenhower sud-
denly has realized the danger
inherent in the Bricker ma
neuver because of the surpris-
ing strength it has gathered
In Congress. AS happens with
every President, he recognizes
his duty to protect that Office
and its obligations and powers
as originally devised and as
handed down to his keeping.
His back Is up insofar as the
Bricker amendment inter-
feres with that solemn and
grave trust and he seems ready
to go to the mat with the
Ohio Senator in what may be-
come a historic battle.
{. The Presidents back is up,
too, because of his awesome
responsibility to the free ma
tons, the leadership of which
we now have accepted, and the
hobbling and paralyzing effect
that the Bricker amendment
would impose on the freedom
OF action and the often neces-
sary promptness Of action in
agreements and understand
1ngs with our allies that could
Evening star., 1954-01-15
Fletcher Knebel-
Potomac Fever

Ike asks Congress to increase odage pension benefits
pubicans this has nothing do with winning the eec
tion-ns insurance against losing it,
The House Committee dividends
Republicans determined get vote-startng
the country club
House Democrats chide Republicans for not balancing
budget Democrats that the
build surplus that the Democrats forward
to squander1ng
Navy order taking warships commission came
just in time They're going to need all the scrap they
to make those new swords for naval officers
Ike asks $12 increase in social security thing
about security The you
feel you have
The Big Four can't agree suitable place hold
conference That's the penalty diplomacy
old days the diplomats would have several genial months
agreeing a lot Of places unsuitable to everybody
committee Of businessmen demands thorough overhaul
Of the The this
call for drastic action-such complete change
Evening star., 1954-01-15
3
'Four-Porty System at Work
Several Shades of Political Spectrum Seen Represented
In conservative Lbero and 'Rodco LiberoI Groups
Dovid Lawrence

Whether one likes it or not.
the most significant fact about
the present session of Congress
is that it is governed not by q
two-party but by a "four-party"
system.
Only by accepting that piece
of realism can one understand
what is going to happen to the
multifarious recommendations
in President Eisenhower's sew
eral messages.
For the last few weeks now
the country has been told in
various news dispatches that
the Republicans have Al mem
bers of the Senate and the
Democrats have 48 and that
one former Republican now
votes independent. An impress
sion is created that the two
political parties are about even
up and also that inside the Re-
publican Party there is a big
: split. Little has been said about
the fact that five Democrats
promised the late Senator Taft
that. if any votes were needed
by the Republicans to retain
control of the Senate organiZa-
ton. those five would absent
themselves and let the Repub-
lican Setup prevail. That group
feels the same today.
The truth is there are about
IS Democrats in the Senate
who cannot be counted upon
to hew to the party line on
legislation and there are about
five constant Republican dis
senters. But even these figures
are meaningless. The impor-
tant question is whether there
Is a majority for each of the
HfeSlQenCS proposals.
Any survey made today must
necessarily concede that the
major part of the Presidents
program will be adopted by
Congress in some form and
that. if the remainder comes to
a vote. it viii also be approved
with the changes that are re-
quired in order to attain ma
jority support.
The names Republican"
and Democrat" in Congress
are meaningless except for
political fireworks and cam
paign purposes or for the pro-
cedural side of the two houses
Of Congress. So far as law
making is concerned, there are
Evening star., 1954-01-15
Dots and BIobs on AerioIPh
Tell All to Photogrdmmetrists

tiny. almost invisible speck of
light on a high-altitude photo.
After grading the tests, the
instructor asked this fellow how
he knew that speck was a green
house. It was the correct an
swer. the instructor said, but he
couldn't understand how this
candidate got it when nobody
else had ever hit it right.
Sir" the candidate began. II.
uh, studied that part of the
picture closely. and, uh ="
We're listening" the instruc-
tor said.
Inspiration hit the candidate.
"And I saw long lines there.
like rows of plants. SO / knew it
must be greenhouse"
In the silence that followed,
he became an ex-candidate.
Evening star., 1954-01-15
Dorothy Thompson
Nav Be Preventive Of War
The Threat Of Atomic Reprsos Against Any Aggressor
Seen Preventing Outbreak; 1t May Even End All Wars

uation. Every home had con-
centrated rations. stored in
sacks, their size and
weight even calculated to the
carrying power Of small chill
dren, so that all not needed
for defense could start trek
king to a designated mountain
haven at the first signal.
According to my Swiss war.
time informants. Swiss intelli-
gence agents reported a plan
afoot to effect q junction OF
the German and Italian ar.
mics, via a Swiss valley adjoin.
ing both frontiers. The Swiss
government did not wait for
this to happen. It informed
the German and Italian am
bassadors that if such an idea
was being considered. the
Swiss felt themselves compelled
by considerations of humanity
to warn that the moment the
armies of either set foot in any
Swiss valley entrance. the pop
ulation would be evacuated to
the mountains, the valley
would be flooded with poison
gas, and every soldier in it
would perish.
AS far as I know this was
the only threat to use poisAl
gas against troops in the last
war, and it was made by Eu-
ropes most peace-loving ma
ton.
Switzerland has never staked
her neutrality on the advan-
tages it offers belligerents. but
on the determination of every
Swiss male to defend it, if
necessary by the most ruthless
means, but not without previ-
4,,e
Evening star., 1954-01-15

There is sure to be protest
against a policy that threatens
atomic reprisals against a
country that starts a war.
The question, however, is
what military policies are best
calculated to deter war max
ers, and encourage a firm po-
litical settlement; what means
are best fitted to American de-
fense: and which services are
least likely to create a mill
tarized America.
The objective is to stop
wars. Weapons do not wage
war. Men wage war those
who direct the affairs Of states.
If mankind were as advanced
in spiritual insight and reason
as it is in science. war would
have been abandoned long
ago.
But mankind is not so ad-
vanced. Men have improved
nearly everything in the physi-
cal world. including their
physical selves. but the human
character has hardly improved
at all. Men are still victims
of their own deadly sins:
Anger. pride. envy. covetous-
ness, lust, greed and Sloth.
Therefore, men will wage war
in expression of such passions
(alWays disguised as virtues)
as long as war appears to Of
fer calculable emoluments of
power. prestige and loot. Para
doxically. the more frightful
war promises to be, ands the
more uncertain of bringing
emoluments to any. the sooner
it will cease heinp emDloVed
Evening star., 1954-01-15
By Richord RODGERS

Former GIS may recall theil
courses in photo map reading
This improbable art asks it.
students to study camera por.
traits of geography made from
two miles up, and conclude what
the blobs and dots are.
Thousands of citizen soldiers
regarded the whole business
skeptically.
After all. who could look at a
pinhead-sized patch of light anc
tell 1t was a barn?
Well. some gentlemen at a con-
vention here are able to do it
What's more. they can tell
whether the barn is built on clay
or sand. In some cases. they
even spot what is beneath the
soil.
Their Ithica IN. " outfit
specializes in such wizardry. They
have a booth in the Shoreham
Hotel, where the American So
ciety of Photogrammetry is end
ing its three-day convention to-
day.
All-Revealing Sd.
An air views dark places and
light places and in-betweens re-
veal a great deal to these photo
analysts. And with Sd photo.
graphs, they can tell where roads
should go to avoid mud holes
where pipeline builders ought to
lay pipe, where supermarkets
should be located. what streets
are best for bus routes-all sorts
of deductions can be made.
They can also count coal.
Big utility companies keep bis
stockpiles Of coal. Camera air
planes shoot pictures of the coal
piles. and the analysts study
stereopticon views.
They put these SD pictures
in a wonderful contraption that
let's them measure the height OF
what they see. Then it's simple
to figure how much coal is in a
pile that high.
They count pulp wood the
same way.
Experience. enables experts to
tell what sort of rock is under q
certain shade of ground.
Can Predict Landslides.
Aerial photos also can revea,
where landslides are likely to
occur. This is important tc
know. when one has a railroad
under the potential slide.
The Ithicans disclaim sorcerel
abilities. They say they don't
issue specific findings unless
they're sure. If they are not
sure, they make it clear they're
generalizing.
Besides being honest, this
course is safer than bluffing, as
an officer candidate learned at
the Fort Benning Infantry
School.
From earlier graduates he OBJ
tanned a set of answers to the
map reading questions.
One required identifying a
Evening star., 1954-01-15

as an instrument Of policy. If
we have reached the end of
the great wars, as I rather
think we have, we can thank
nuclear weapons rather than
paciflst ideologies.
The certainty of involving
appalling punishment for
starting wars underscores the
existing deterrent of fear. The
rule, of course, works both
ways. 1t lays the United States
open to the same assaults, if
it starts a war.
It would have no virtue if
it were not openly declared, OF
if used to avenge past agrees
sions, or as a threat to back a
political ultimatum.
But do promises of dire pun
ishment ever deter aggressors?
I think so. If I am correctly
informed. a threat made in
advance of an aggression de-
tered the Germans and tai
ians from carrying out a prof.
ect under consideration in
World War II. And it came
from the only State whose
constitution forbids it to enter
military alliances or go to war
unless invaded or attacked on
it's own soil.
Switzerland, despite her ira
ditional and constitutional
commitments against starting
or joining wars, has the most
formidable defenses in Europe.
by no means furnished only by
nature. 1t also had, during
World War II, the most eff
cient system of civil defense
for non-combatants. Every
family in vulnerable areas was
in constant readiness for evac-
Evening star., 1954-01-15
FBI Assistant Director
Gets Mississippi U. Post
By the A,soeioted Press


Hugh H. Clegg, SIS, assistant
director of the Federal Bureau
of Investigation, will retire Janu-
airy 81 to join the University Of
Mississippi as director of uni
versity development.
A native Of Mathiston. Miss,
he has been with the FBI for
81 years, and has been assistant
director in charge of the train
ing and inspection division since
1882.
Prior to joining the FBI. Mr..
Clegg was a professor in science
and history at Wood Junior
College in MathiSton. in addition
to holding other college posts.
He has been in charge of the
FBI National Academy since it's
organization in 1885.
Evening star., 1954-01-15

would represent a confession
by Congress Of a lack of faith
in our system that has worked
so well for 1856 years. and q
lack Of confidence in the Sem
ate. itself. For we have not
only trusted our Presidents
with direction Of foreign af-
fairs. but we have trusted the
Senate with treaties, some of
which the Senate has modified,
some rejected, as it has au-
thority to do, and still has the
authority to do.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-19

Thomas F. Heffernnan OF NO., 8
Precinct. who was suspended
and charged specifically with
unauthorized use of a revolver. !"
The shooting took place early
in the morning of January 80
in front of the New Amerstam
Restaurant, $500 Fourteenth
street NV. The right leg of the
victim, Luther T. Medlin, 26. of
1400 Fairmont street NV, was
amputated on February IL. &C
cording to Capt. Reid L. Ham
man of No. 6 Precinct.
Pvt. Hefferman gave this &C
count OF the incident to his
superiors:
He stopped at the restaurant
after going off duty and saw a
man. place a knife against the
throat of another. He took the
man outside to search him. after
identifying himself, and five or
six other men crowded around
him.
He drew a .45-caliber Frontier
model colt, which went off acct
dentally and hit Mr.. Medlin, one
of the spectators, in the leg.
Police officials said the officer,
who is %, was carrying both the
Colt and his service revolver at
the time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-19
Hollywood Diary:
Lucy as q Guide
Isn't Reliable
Isn't Reliable


eliminated numbers will make
the movie 10 minutes shorter and
save thousands Of dollars for
Jacks company.
Red Skeleton will wait until
Lucy and Desi leave New York
before he subs for Jackie
Gleason. CHS plans to give all
Manhattan to the II Love Lucy
stars.
Shirley Booth. with q sense of
humor, says she wants to travel
into the next Martin and Lewis
funny film And whoever
printed that the boys are spat-
ting has no sense Of humor. They
should listen sometime to Jerry
going to bat for Dean.
Tough luck for Ed Wynn: He
has a sponsor all ready to go for
his televiSion show. but no good
time spot available. Looking at
so much rubbish on TV, you have
to wonder why some network
doesn't open up for Ed. +. Burt
Lancaster has $4,000, 900 worth
Of pictures in the Kitty.
Deborah Kerr writes that when
she lived in Hollywood. every one
saluted her: Hi Deb" or "Hey
Deb" But in New York every one
is very polite, saying Miss
Kerr" with a low bow.
4 y 4 \
IT'S rumored that Janet Leigh
and Tony Curtis are in the Tex
pecting" class again. Hope so. II
it's true. you can bet Janet will
not be making any pictures until
after the baby's arrival.
That was some stampede al
the Mocambo the other night
after a prankster chalked on the
outside wall: "Marilyn and Joe
Di Maggie eating inside!"
Phil Silvers and Sheree North
join Frank Sinatra and Bert
Lahr for Ethel Merman's ANY
thing Goes" TV show. It's big
ger and better cast than most
Of the top pictures now in
production.
Donna Reeds next will be for
her husband. Tony Owen, unless
I'm very much mistaken. Reason
why Donna asked out of her
contract at Columbia: She
wasn't getting roles that meas
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-19

,ired up TO her alma In rom
Here to Eternity" \.
NV
Lauren Bacall has q wonder
full working arrangement with
Goth Fox. II she's available
i.e., not abroad with Humphrey
Bogart-and If they have a pic
ture she likes. "haby" works
Otherwise she's real content to
be Mrs. Bogey.
Dana Andrews has a word of
advice for actors who may have
to work In Africa. use your car
for your dressing room. as
did in Duel in the Jungle The
wild beasts hate the smell of
grease and gasoline and stay
away" I'll remember that.
And Bill Holden has taken so
many shots for Mexico, Korea,
Japan, England, ETC., for his
pictures, that he is even immune
to sneezing. Every country re-
quires different types of shots, "
Bill informed me.
released BY NANA.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-19
COLOR PHOTO PRINTS
Az Ssuo, rear nnleee

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-19
Lody Ross WEEDS
Francis {. de MoIeyns
BY The Assoeiu,sd Pres,

The Honorable Francis Eveleigh
de Moleyns. So. was married here
yesterday to Lady Dorothy Ross,
widow of Sir Charles Ross.
They were married by Judge
George T. Washington of the
U. S. Court of Appeals for the
District of Columbia, at his
chambers.
The couple was attended by
Philip B. Perlman, former So
licitor General of the United
States, and Prince Alex Droutz-
koy of New York City. They left
afterward on a wedding trip to
Florida.
Sir Charles Ross, who lived
here for a number of years. died
in 1912. Lady Ross was reported
to have home at Balanagown,
Scotland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-19
HOLLYWOOD.

All the Andrews Sisters will be
in Las Vegas at the same time
but not together. Patti will solo
at one hotel. with Maxine and
La Verne and Jane Withers at
another. I wish they'd kiss and
make up. It's too confusing this
way.
Is Lucille Balls face red!
When a wrangler and his horse
couldn't find the stage exit at
the Metros 30th anniversary TV
show. Lucille told the cowboy, II
know CHS like the back Of my
hand"-and then led the pair
smack to the powder room!
Did you know that Lana Tur-
ner's interview piece was filmed,
but Howard KeePs "Sobbin'
Women" hit was live? !
thought vice versa. Claire
Trevor, in that "Foggy Night"
telenlm, put Nv anead 10 years.
She was great. Kirk Doug
las has written his partner,
Willie Schorr, to find a big name
girl for Strange Harvest.
+ 4 y
Art Linkletter used only mil
lionaires for the two shows he
tapped at the Sahara Conga Room
for his People Are Funny" radio
show. There were eight on tap.
I'd like to tap one!
Now that Peter Lawford is to
marry Patricia Kennedy. daugh-
ter of ex-AmbaSSador to Great
Britain Joseph Kennedy, he will
eliminate night-club acts from
his repertoire.
I'm glad Jack Werner put his
foot down when Doris Day didn' t
show for Lucky Me-" The two