davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15
Montana's Soil KnOw-HOw

SOIL BLOWING has become an increaS-
ingly troublesome problem in some of the
southwestern states in recent years. Dust
storms were particularly bad there this sea-
son. Farmers down that way realize that
they are going to have to do something to
keep their soil from taking off into the STRAIT
osphere every time the wind blows hard.
While few of the southwestern farmers
have been strip-cropping the last year or SO,
most of the crop land is still handled in
blocks just the way it used to be farmed
in Montana. With respect to control of soil
blowing, the farmers of that region are about
where our Montana farmers were 20 years
ago.
Farmers there are being told about the
success Montana growers have had with
strip-cropping and many of them are looking
for all the information they can get on the
subject. Late in July group of It's Texas
farm people, travelling by special train on
tour of the western states, stopped off in
the Great Falls area to study dryland farm
ing practices. They toured some of the
wheat territory, visited one of the large
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15

farms and listened to panel of soil tech
nicians and farmers who discussed the meth
DDS and practices followed in this area.
The Texans asked many questions and
were greatly interested in the tilIage and
stripping practices followed by Montana
growers.
Montana farmers still have some tillage
problems to solve. But they have come
long way since the difficult days of the 20s
and 30s. With the aid of the Montana Ex-
pertinent Station and Extension Service, as
well as the Soil Conservation Service, they
have developed techniques of soil handling
that have proved effective.
Montana agriculture is widely recognized
as one of the worlds outstanding examples
of successful adaptation of farming methods
and techniques to soil and climatic condi-
TONS
This recent visitation of the Texas group
is just the most recent Of many pilgrimages
that have been made by farmers and agri-
cultural experts from other states, and from
foreign countries, to study the dryland
farming methods practiced here.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15

IN EXPERIMENTS and demonstrations
conducted years ago, Montana Agricultural
Experiment Station found that early seeded
winter wheat is susceptible to root-rot. For
this and other reasons the station has long
recommended that growers delay seeding
until September Is.
Many farmers have demonstrated the
soundness of this practice. But as individual
wheat acreages have increased, some have
been tempted to start the seeder going in
late August or early September. In some
areas this earlier seeding has appeared to
bring reasonably satisfactory results most
of the time.
The evidence has been piling up, how
ever, that it is poor practice to put the drills
into the field before mid-September. The
danger of root-rot is just one of the reasons.
This season wheat streak mosaic proved
destructive in few winter-wheat areas of
central Montana. While only limited num-
Der of fields were affected in serious way,
few farmers suffered almost total loss.
Judging from the experience in some
of the wheat growing states of the Middle
west and Southwest, the small outbreak in
Montana this year may be warning of more
serious trouble in the future unless precau-
tons are taken to control this virus disease.
In every instance of serious damage from
mosaic this season, the injured crop was
seeded considerably earlier than September
IS In other states where mosaic has caused
trouble, growers have found that one of the
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15
Seed Wheat After Sept. Is

best control measures is later seeding.
Many Montana growers have come to
the conclusion in recent years that wheat
seeded after September Is makes more eff
cient use of limited soil moisture than wheat
planted before that time The heavier
growth of the early planted wheat is also
thought to be more susceptible to wind
damage.
Recent experiments conducted by the
Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station
show that wheat planted in demonstration
plots in that state on September 25 produced
more than twice the yield of that seeded
August Is during the past two years. Protein
content of the late planted grain was also
somewhat higher. Here are the planting
dates, protein content and yield results from
last years demonstrations in Nebraska:
August Is, 81 per cent, 172 bushels
August Is, 1913 per cent, 22.1 bushels.
September S, 81 per cent, us bushels.
September is, "a per cent, 81 bushels.
September 25 1877 per cent, 359 bushels.
October 5, II per cent 1913 bushels.
Soil samples taken in the Nebraska ex-
pertinent indicated that the early seeded
wheat removed as much as three inches of
moisture, while the later planted grain made
more efficient use of much of this moisture
the following spring.
While it is not always feasible to hold
off seeding until September Is, particularly
on larger farms, both practical and expert
mental evidence indicate that this is the best
practice and will pay out in the long run.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15
@66L1da563 MHeNjMdl


head for us. While 3 per cent larger than
last year, it is still 10 per cent below the 10
year average. 1t was "a per cent crop based
on number of lambs saved per 100 ewes.
This was an all-time record comparing with
80 per cent in 1858 and a 10-year average of
3D. Montana's lamb crop this year totaled l.
10000 compared with 1,124000 last year
and 10-year average of 100000 Wyoming's
lamb crop this year totaled 1891, 900, COM
pared with 1,338,000 in 1858 and 1O-year
average Of 100000.
State highway patrols and other safety
agencies have been commencing American
National Cattlemen's Association for it's
combination of traffic safety slogans with
beef messages on auto stickers and roadside
signs. The association is featuring the pop
ular slogan watch Your Curves - Eat
Beef" and other such double meaning.
More meat will be produced in the United
States this year than ever before in history,
the American Meat Institute reports. Pro-
duction will total about 2512 billion pounds.
This will be 3 per cent above last years
output. But the per capita supply will be
about 154 pounds, the same as last year, be-
CduoC VI IA1S I'LL casing pOpuAdIOh'
Most livestock market authorities agree
that the long-run market outlook for beef
cattle is decidedly favorable because of the
rapidly increasing consumer population. In
spite of occasional ups and downs in prices,
total consumer demand will most certainly
trend upward in the years ahead.
Vital defense materials are wisely being
Stockpiled against the possibility of a
war emergency. Food is perhaps the most
essential commodity of all, in war or peace.
Present SURPRISES of basic crops would be
none too large if war emergency and Sc
riouS drouth should coincide.
Even i'm the humid eastern states, farm
ers are finding supplemental irrigation of
pastures a profitable practice. The trend
toward this type of irrigation is even more
pronounced in the middleweSt and south,
with the result that farmers are Scrambling
for water rights.
Irrigated pastures usually make profit
able response to the application of fertilizers.
In fact, many operators find that fertiliza-
ton is essential to successful pasture.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1954-08-15

August Is. 1851
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31
OPPOSITION TONES DOWN FIGHT AGAINST
MONROE'S KEEPING HIGHWAY ACREAGE

The Citizen has gained headway decisivey in its
fight to retain for the people of Monroe County the Over
seas Road and Toll Bridge District acreage aside from
that which is included in the Overseas Highway right
of-way.
AS readers may recall, The Citizen took John Kill
to task for story he had in the Miami Herald
era weeks ago about the districts ou-andout ownership
OF the acreage in question In that story Kgore spoke
about "land grab" loca bill" and "state money" that
had been used in acquiring the acreage. Thursday Kill
had another story in the Herald about the districts
lands The story fair because he gave both sides of
the question. He used the term 'and grab" again. but
explained that what was called by opponents of
the provisions in the Papy b Kgore the next para
graph Says
'The Key West Citizen has protested the term land
grab, saying that district funds used to buy the
rght-ofway More state spent in the project
whole"
That was not exactly what The Citizen said The
Citizen pointed out that district funds to which Florida
taxpayers aside from those in Monroe County had not
contributed cent used buy the acreage as
well the rght-ofway, from the Florida East Coast
Railway.
@ It is true that state money and much more federal
money were spent 'n the project WHOLE" but not
penny OF was spent for the that opponents
trying to take from the people of Monroe County.
The state and federal money used to improve
the Overseas Highway and parts of the rghtoway and
the Overseas Bridge Commission is willing transfer
them to the State Road Department.
Kilgore, the Herald and the opponents" he men,
toned need not be perurbed an instant that the lands
will be diverted to private interests But there's ques-
ton which the Overseas Bridge Commission will be CRATE
full to the State Board of Administration for to decide
All the 763 is not suitable for conversion into parks
parkways Three hundred of the acres are on Long
Key and were they turned into parks, they would COM
prise much more than one-quarter of the Key.
Should the Board of Administration decide to sell
any of the lands the Overseas Bridge Commission recon-
mends that they be sold at public auction to the highest
bidders.
Another question the commission will request the
SBA to decde the leasing of lands for the sole pur
pose OF Monroe Contys obtaining to keep the
parks and parkways in good condition Should Monroe
County be given the authority to lease specified lands
the leases also will be awarded to the highest bidders
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31
Grandparents Set
Up Dream Tree
House For Boy

BRADENTON R - When you
were a child did you ever long
for a tree house?
Mr.. and Mrs. Benjamin +. Harris
have built one here that is some.
thing special for their grandson.
It boasts running water, a two.
burner gas stove, refrigerator, and
eating and sleeping accommoda.
tions.
The grandson, 12-year-old Jackie
Unseld of Cascade, Mich. looks
forward to enjoying the tiny house
on his summer vacations here.
A winding stairway leads to the
cool, screened-in house, fitted into
the spreading branches of a moss.
draped oak tree, about 10 feet
above the ground.
1t is a favorite retreat for
Jackie's friends. When they finish
playing, Mrs. Harris viii cook for
them and six can be seated At n
time on folding stools around a lit
tie table.
When jackie gets ready to 70
to sleep the table is pushed into
corner and a small sofa bed is
opened.
Adults like the place too. Mr..
and Mrs. Harris often 60 UP there
to take advantage of the breeze.
Once a couple lived there while
their new home was being built
and a widower was a temporary
resident last winter.
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31
FLuoRIpATIoN7

Editor, The Citizen:
With all aspects Of huoridation
momentarily set aside, there is one
very healthy ingredient we must
not overlook, that being free and
open discussion as reflected by
your whole editorial page of July
28th.
Considering the antitheticaI ex-
tremities of thought presented by
your columnists Sneigr, Cobb, and
Gibb, it is puzzling to conjecture
their coexistence in the same of.
flee! Unless, of course, they all
commonly share the apodixis Of
upper plates. y
These men have not mentioned
the tedious hours of scientific re-
search necessary to even identify
and categorize the properties Of
fluoride. No scientist wants to poi
SON the populace, and in the hands
of a qualified scientist this would
not be done. What is to be feared
is arbitrary supervision of a flu
oridation program. Entrusting this
to academic public health officials
politically appointed is question
able. AS Glib implies, fluoridation
is dynamite.
But so were Jenner's expert
ments in vaccination, and Pas
teur's developments of inoculation,
and all the innumerable "experi.
ments" of modern medicine. What
has been accomplished? AS a civil
lization unparalleled In history we
have heightened the span of life,
given new hope and usefulness TO
the ages, and we have poisoned"
ourselves to do this.
Fear of new things is universal.
AS a consequence, and not a re.
commendation, humanity is starv-
ing. These sons of the sea who
grew from the caves are weanns
themselves upon empty breasts Of
materialism and subterfuge. Fluo-
ride, whatever its helpful proper.
ties, cannot substitute the human
requirements of proper diet. Bal
anced meals and swamp water is
more commendable than sweetrolls
and fluoride!
When in the name of chlorophyll
is man going to take cognizance Of
himself!
H. v. B.
p. o. Box 642
Key West, Fla.
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31
This Rock
Of Ours
Nv RilI Gihh
By Bill Glib

The Key West Citizen ran an ad.
mirable editorial this week with
regard to speed It seems that this
is Just a 'speed-crazy' age - yet
the urge to hurry does produce .
few good results.
For instance, l was amazed to
learn recently of a new high speed
Teletypesetter transmission system
which can operate at 600 words
per minute. Brother! that's fast.
Imagine this entire column being
put over the wires in less than six.
ty seconds! BY old.fashion stand.
ards, sixty words a minute is con.
sidered prettygood
What advantage is there to this
speedy transmission?
Well, to quote Editor and Pub
Usher:
Stock reports have been trans
mitted daily on an experimental
basis since June 16 between AP
headquarters in New York and the
Boston Herald-Traveler. The en-.
tire financial quotation sent to the
Herald-Traveler, over conventional
circuits requires IL hours of trans
mittion time. The same material
has been sent by the new high
speed methord in 81 minuets."
Newspapers of course will save
quite a sum Of money on trans.
mission time but the biggest
change with the new system, as l
see it, will effect buying markets
- especially in such fields as
stocks and bonds.
And think of the gamblers!
If wire transmission gets any
faster, We'll soon know the results
OF races before they've been run!
IhatIl be the day that we get re.
tribution from our bookies.
Did l say "our bookies?" Shame.
shame. / told a fib because / never
patronized a bookie in my life -
don't know any to patronize and
don't have any money to give them
anyway. I should have said:
"That'n be the day that YOU get
retrlbution from YOUR bookies!"
Eddie Ramirez
Once in awhile, this column at.
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31

Key Westers are beginning to
show the first symptoms of foot
ball fever as the season approach
eS.
1t is amazing how Key Westers,
many of whom had never seen .
football game up until the game
was revived here three years ago,
have taken to the sport and learn.
ed its finer points.
But it was pretty hectic and
there were lot of laughs until
Key Westers cut their football
teeth.
Kermit Levin had this anecdote
to tell the other day - at the ex-
pense of Charley Wardlow:
Levin and Wardlow, being die
hard Conch fans, journeyed up 10
Lake Worth three years ago to see
the high school team make its first
start in many years.
Kermit knew the game very well.
Wardlow didn't know a first down
from an end run.
AS the ballgame progressed and
the inexperienced Conchs made
battle out of it, Wardow became
increasingly excited - even though
he wasn't exactly sure what was
going on.
Finally, Key West, deep in their
own territory smashed into the line
on three straight plays. They didn't
gain an inch.
On fourth down, they decided t.
punt.
The Conch kicker dropped back
and booted beauty. 1t spiraleI
deep into enemy territory.
But Wardlow kurned TO Levin
with q stricken look on his face.
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31

Everyone seems to be pretty well
agreed that the Key West Cuba
ferry operation is going to give
the town a boost.
It's sure to bring more winter
visitors to town and give Key West
some priceless national publicity.
But, there is one phase of a the
operation which has not been dis
cuSsed much in public and which
may prove to be a real boon to the
city, although a lot of people may
take a rather dim view of it.
I'm speaking of the ships gam
bling casino which is expected to
be one of the best selling points
to tourists considering a Cuban
jaunt. Charles Rosen, local restau-
rant and real estate operator re-
portedly has the inside track on
the gaming concession.
Gambling, probably more than
any other factor, will serve to lure
the moneyed folks aboard the yes.
sci.
Ever since Mr.. Kefauver and his
investigators put the lid on in Flo
rida, there have been scores of
folks just itching to wager a few
bucks on the slot machines and
the dice.
They've been having a tough
time finding any action.
Probably a lot of folks who don't
give a hoot about travelling will
suddenly blossom out as interna-
tional tourists when they hear
that they can sit down at a card
table without Mr.. Kefauver looking
over their shoulder.
Some of them will probably even
forget to get off the boat when it
arrives in Cuba.
It's legal, too.
The local customs office says
that they don't care whether or not
there is gambling aboard - as
long as the gambling rooms are
sealed when the ship enters the
three-mile territorial limit.
Cuban officials will probably
wink at the operation.
There is a good chance, how
ever, that there will be a hue and
cry raised from some quarters in
Key West.
Personally, l think it is a good
deal. l can't afford to gamble, but
those who have the fever are 90
ing to, come what may. And they'll
probably get fairer shake aboard
the Patricia than they would in
many of the clandestine games
ashore.
Only possible bad reaction for
Key West might be that the hood
lums who surround any gambling
operation may move In from Mia.
mi or other parts.
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31
White Gets Out
OF Silo Unaided

NEW WINDSOR, Md. R-Whitie
isn't stuck in the silo any more.
Stanley Simons said he didn't
know how his 7-year-old Holstein
got out. He left her to her own
devices overnight. When he went
out to milk Friday morning, there
she was-free.
SimonS said White wandered off
after he MIXED her Thurs. night.
Somehow she squirmed her way
through the 21a by 2-foot silo door.
"She's not very tall" said
Simons, "but awfully broad"
Simons had checked at midnight
and she was still trapped.
"She got in by herself, figured
she could get out by herself" he
said. "She's in good condition. No
damage"
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31

tempts to bring about friendlier re.
lations between individual police.
men and the public. Don't ask me
the reason for this because l don't
know. Probably it is a result of
having worked with them and OF
having seen a side of their nature
which the public fails to appre.
ciate. No group Of police officers
fall into q certain pattern. Each
man maintains his individual cha.
racteristics but basically, they all
strive for one objective - the pro.
lection Of your life and your pro.
perty.
Take Eddie Ramirez
Eddie is a big bluff! If YOU
didn't know him, you'd thing he
was q happy-go-lucky guy who put
in his hours waiting from one paw
check till the next. He is ex-Nayy
not too tall but well-developed
Grins most of the time.
Eddie Ramirez is all policeman.
He is capable, honest, and loyal.
That happy-go-lucky attitude is
purely bluff. Eddie can be rough
If the occasion demands it but gen.
orally speaking, he is one of the
most understanding officers on the
Force.
incidentally, don't ever get your.
self in position where gun fire
is necessary with Officer Ramirez.
He is a crack-shot - a former in.
structor in the Navy and one of
the top-hight shooters in the Key
West .'olice Department.
Few compliments can be aimed
solely at one person. In Eddie's
case, they must be extended to in
clude his family for, from fray-
ments of his conversation and var.
ious casual comments, it is evi.
dent that he received a firm train.
ing in religious subjects. The pro-
per term for this would be "spiri.
tual values" but so many readers
object to that expression that I'm
sort of hesitant to use it.
Yes - Eddie Ramirez is all man
- he's all policeman - and he's
a credit to the community.
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31
A Grain
Of Salt
By Bill SpiIIman

1t seems that everyone wants to
get into the nuoride act. So far
be it from me to stand aside and
let everybody chatter while l say
nothing.
Since Pm not an expert on any,
thing, I'll naturally advise every
body what to do on everything.
This should bring me up to par.
Jack Delaney told me the otser
night that he was going to bring
up the subject at the next City
Commission meeting. Jack said
that he was going to request that
the commission instruct the city
manager to obtain the opinions on
the fluoride subject from every
doctor in the city.
The outcome of this request
should be very enlightening and if
l do say so 1t is a sensible pro-
poSal.
Since doctors in this city put on
their pants one leg at a time and
by the same token, drink the same
water that everybody else drinks,
they will surely advise something
that will not kill us all.
l think that one of the best ways
to solve the question of ITO have
or have not" is to put in two wa.
ter systems. Naturally we wouldn't
want the upper Keys to miss out
on the fluoride question so we
could run the extra water system
all the way from Florida City.
The extra water line can be put
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31

in for about $50, 1000, 900 including
the extra distribution pipes
throughout the city. To connect up
to the new system would cost pro-
perty owners about a hundred and
fifty bucks.
If all this was done we could
have two spigots in the house. The
old spigot could be marked "PIain
water"
don't wish to advise that a new
water system be put in right now.
We should naturally wait until the
streets have all been carefully
paved.
Another solution would be to Just
start tearing up the streets again
- no reason - just tear them up.
People would become so mad at
who ever is tearing them up that
they would knock each others teeth
out. If this were the case I don't
think anyone would need fluoride
unless it has a decided effect on
the gums.
One fellow told me that he would
sure be glad when they started
putting that stuff in the water that
keeps teeth from decaying SO he
could stop buying tooth paste.
One question that has not been
answered concerning this fluoride
business is what is the effect it
will have on false choppers. If the
stuff Is going to harm plastic teeth.
then we better give it some SER
ious thought, false teeth costing
what they do today.
Ny children are the ones who will
naturally be on the receiving end
of the fluoride question. I asked nv
eight year old son what he thought
about it.
YES" he answered.
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31

"My gosh, Kermit" he moaned,
"what'l we do now. That guy
kicked the ball all the way down
the field and we didn't have
anyone there to catch It,"
The Key West citizen., 1954-07-31
Red Aid Offered

NEW YORK R-The New York
Times published a report that
Russia has offered $50 million
dollars in point-four type aid to
underdeveloped Afghanistan as a
potential Communist ally"
The Times dispatch from Ka-
rachi, Pakistan, said the Afghans
were seriously considering accept
ing the offer of technical aid to
build roads, launch hydroelectric
projects and develop the natural
resources of the mountainous, land
locked Asian country bordered by
Pakistan, Iran and Soviet Asia.