davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31

provements to harbors and air.
ports.
To help solve the population
problem, emigration from the
mainland to the colonies is
emphasized and encouraged.
To our question as to
whether Portugal would well
come foreign capital to bolster
the industrial program, DR..
Salazar showed little enthusi-
asm. 1--WE want to build grad
ually," he said. "A small
amount of outside capital
would be all right, but we
wouldn't want too much"
How does Portugals shrewd.
scholarly dictator view world
affairs?
Communism, he said, is a
grave threat everywhere; there
is very little in Portugal, but
much in South America, par
ticularly Brazil; if it gains a
foothold in any Central or
South American country it
will spread to others.
He was greatly heartened
by the ousting of the Commu-
mist government in Guatemala
In Asia. he said. the anti
Communist world should at
tempt to save Cambodia and
Laos.
DR.. Salazar has very little
enthusiasm for the North At
lantic Treaty Organization, of
which Portugal is a member;
he feels it is not working too
well. He believes, however, that
it must do until something bet
ter is developed.
How about rearming West
Germany?
A calculated risk. he feels,
the danger being that in arm
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31

once an effective, alternative.
The real answer lies in the
immediate admission of West
Germany to the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization. It may be
a risk to restore full sovereignty
to- the West Germans, but the
French cannot, on the one
hand, refuse to let German
troops come into their ter
ritory as a part of a European
defense army and at the same
time object to the building
Of a German national army
to stand between France and
the invader from Soviet Russia.
Either the Germans are to be
trusted or the Communists will
rule central Europe and threat
en- France from a vantage
point on the Rhine.
Germany can be trusted as
long as she retains a republic
can form Of government. She
would have been able to pre-
vent a Hitler from grabbing
power in 1888 II the Western
nations had not stood off and
declined to give the necessary
economic and moral support
to the Weimar Republic OF
Germany.
Britain and France and
America have their chance
now to solidify Europe's de-
lenses or to aggravate the
weakened condition of the con-
tinent. which may tempt the
Red army to march as did
Hitler. Such a miscalculation
could bring on a third world
war. That is why, with the
EDO out of the way, the decks
have been cleared for action on,
an MISUNDERSTANDING Ger
many to an independent posi-
ton in Europe. It's a chance to
take. but not nearly as danger
Gus a chance as leaving Europe
at the mercy of Soviet Rus
STA today.
Reproduction Rights Reservedo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31
Fletcher Knebel-
Potomac Fever

Ike speaks at the Republicans hope win
this election "fa play" issue-with Ike giving
every fair in the country
The French Assembly votes to kill the
ec The French haven't time for foreign warhey haven't
finished beating themselves yet.
Carol along Coast
be heard in Washington-the American Legion town.
gets ovation from the American Legion old
soldiers like Ike He's general who proved that
late reform.
Conservatives hail the victory Of Gov Shives in Texas
White House wire to Gov Shiver"Please calling
self Eisenhower Democrat, on, a Shvers
Republican"
Republican Chairman Hall says Congress "do
thing Congress Judging by the of the deficit,
"do everybody" Congress.
Dr. Sturtevant a California scientist says H-bomb ex-
posions changing the human The frightening thing
is that danger of becoming like people,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31
Report From Europe
Portugal: Peace, but Not PLENTY
DR.. Solozor, WideY-loved, Kindly Dictator Balances
Portuguese Budget With Very Simple Formula

France. Its main provinces
are Angola Portuguese West
Africa, Mozambique CPortu-
guese East Africa, Portu-
guese Guinea and Portuguese
India. The Portuguese are
proud Of their overseas possess
SionS.
Portugal itself is largely
agricultural, its chief products
being cork, of which it is one
of the worlds leading pro-
ducers; wine grapes, olives
almonds, wheat and livestock.
The farms are small, average
ing about 20 acres. Every foot
is utilized; steep hillsides are
terraced Ito prevent washing)
and planted Farm wages are
10 cents a day. plus lunch.
There is little industry, ex-
cept textiles and porcelain
tiles. Industrial wages are
SIPS a day; domestic help,
$10.50 a month. On the other
hand, the prices of food, rent
and clothing are reasonable.
The government determines
the wages and the prices. keep
ing the two in what it regards
as proper balance.
The weakness of Portugal, q
weakness found in most Euro
pean countries, is the lack of
a strong middle economic class.
In Portugal. about 10 per cent
of the people own 80 per cent
Of the wealth. The income tax
is negligible. A sales tax sup
plies the government with the
bulk of its funds.
DR.. Salazar has initiated q
six-year plan of industrial de-
velopment, both for the col
onies The prefers to call them
overseas provinces) and for
the homeland.
His development plan. be-
gun last year. offers a basis for
solving the fundamental prob
lens of Portugal's economy:
Low national income. low pro-
ductivity, high and quickly in
creasing population.
The program is built around
irrigation and drainage prof.
ectS, reforestation, the con-
struction of railways and hy-
droelectric plants and I'M
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31
David lawrence

Nationalism, which burns so
fiercely in the hearts of men
in the smallest as well as the
largest countries of the world,
has not died in France. This
primarily is why the European
Defense Community agreement
failed Of ratification in the
French Parliament.
The wonder is that the
British and American officials
who wanted France to ratify
it have not realized how the
same nationalism which fights
for freedom against colonial
ism in Morocco and Tunis and
Egypt and Indo- China cannot
be submerged in. q superstate
when a democracy as old as
France is asked to give up its
sovereignty.
Neither Britain nor the
United States, If the tables
were turned, would agree to
any such structure as a
merged military force with
a supranational parliament
above it.
But the Eisenhower admin
istration felt committed to the
so-called EDO as 1t was spon-
sored by the Truman admin
tstration. The British govern
ment felt it had to urge France
to ratify EDO to please the
United States. but actually
had no heart for the plan
either and never joined it.
Soldiers fight best under
their own flag and not under
some hybrid banner. They
fight with the greatest spirit
under their own commanders
as a separate army. Military
men in every country in Eu-
rope as well as in the United
States have felt that the idea
of a single army rather than
a federation of armies was q
mistake, but they have MAIN
tanned q tactful silence in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31

behind the Iron Curtain, little
can be taken for granted here.
Officially, the United States
sees no evil, hears no evil,
speaks no evil of Germany.
Chancellor Konrad Adenauer
has been given a free hand
and is being helped in every
possible way. He never calls
On the United States High
Commissioner; the High Com
missioner, calls on him. The
wheels are creased, in fact,
for the High Commissioner
to become an ambassador as
soon as possible.
Exactly a year ago this pros
pect appeared unfawed.
Chancellor Adenauer had
proved his touted European
point Of view by embracing
the French concept of the Eu-
ropean Defense Community
and he had won a sweeping
mandate from his country
men in a free election. In that
election the reactionary right
and reactionary left both were
voted down and out. The
Chancellor also got a parlia-
mentary majority that Presi-
dent Eisenhower might envy.
On the first anniversary of
that famous victory, EDO was
dealt a near-mortal blow at
Brussels. with all that means
to the Chancellor who adopted
it as the best solution for Ger
many. At the same time two
OBJECTIONS to the Russians by
important officials of the gov
eminent, one appointed and
one elected, raise grave ques-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31

tons about its internal admin
iStration.
DR.. Adenauer interrupted
his vacation to go to Brus-
sells. A persevering and stub
born man, he returned there
(before the vote in the French
Parliament) just long enough
to say that EDO, while hurt,
was not dead and to gather up
the latest detection particulars.
Then he resumed his vacation.
The Chancellor is far from
being on the defensive with
the allies. Ironically, the
French stood alone at Brus-
sells and the others stood to-
gether, DR.. Adenauer among
them. It was the first time he
had attended such a confer
ence and. whatever his tech
nical status, he spoke for
Germany. and everybody knew
it. To that extent, he added
to his international stature.
But he is on the defensive
at home, nevertheless. Hope
deferred maketh the heart
sick here, as elsewhere. The
Germans, not noted for their
patience, went along on
EDO. but now they will ask
for other solutions. It has not
helped that the West has suf-
fered a series of defeats-in
Berlin, Geneva, Indo-C China.
Its prestige-including that of
the United States-has dipped
correspondingly.
Politicians VIGOROUSLY do
not benefit from association
with failure. no matter what
the extenuating circumstances.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31
Report From Europe
By Harry F. Byrd. Jr.

State Senator Harry F. Byrd,
jr, of Virginia, editor and
publisher of the Winchester
Star, has Just returned from
an automobile trip through
seueral countries of Europe.
He has authorized The Star to
reprint the following article.
giuing some OF his impressions
OF Portugal.
Portugal considers common
place what in the United
States has become a rarity: A
balanced budget.
For % years its Premier and
dictator, DR.. Antonio Salazar,
has made this the cardinal
principle Of his government.
Portugal is one Of the few ma
tons in the world whose cur
rency-the escudo-is based
on the gold standard.
This writer, talking with DR..
Salazar at his private resi-
dence. asked how Portugal
managed to balance its budget
so consistently. Replied the
Premier: 1.-THE legislature sets
the policy. but the government
(meaning DR.. Salazar) deter
mines how much is to be spent.
The government Is less Sus-
ceptible to pressure than are
legislators. If legislators want
to spend more money. they
are required to raise an equal
amount in taxes"
World history probably will
record few dictators more un-
dictatorlike than is Antonio
Salazar. Trained for the priest
hood, he became an economics
professor. Shortly after the
army overthrow the govern
ment in 1926. it gave to DR..
Salazar the task of stabilizing
Portugal's economy. He be-
came Premier and dictator in
1892.
DR.. Salazar appears to be
held in genuine affection by
his people. Many, many per-
sons told this writer: HE has
helped us so much. You should
have seen Portugal before he
became chief Of state. He
brought order out of chaos"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31

How is the dictator of Por-
tugal viewed by his ally and
neighbor, uniformed General
lssimo Francisco Franco? Said
Franco when we conveyed to
him the well-wishes of Por-
tugal's Premier: "Salazar is
a great man who has sacri-
feed his personal life for his
country. I have told him." he
said smilingly. that he is so
mild-mannered and so >retir-
ing that he doesn't act like
dictator"
In Lisbon there are almost
no photographs of DR.. Salazar,
in sharp contrast to Spain
where there are portraits of
Gen. Franco everywhere and to
Yugoslavia where Marshal
Tito's profile dominates every
street and every store.
Indicative of DR.. Salazar's
lack of pomp, following our
interview he came to the door
and stood there waving until
our car drove away.
There is virtually no Com
munist sentiment in Portugal.
That is the belief not only of
Premier Salazar, but also of
informed observers with whom
this correspondent talked. Por-
tugal is proud of being the
only nation in the world which
never has had diplomatic re-
lations with Soviet Russia.
The country is poor and
the people are poor. But, as
several persons explained it.
II would rather be poor in
Portugal than be poor else
where"
The government keeps tight
controls on the basic COM
modities. BY so doing it keeps
the peoples stomaclls full,
even if it cannot provide the
nicer things. Backbone of the
diet: Sardines, rice, potatoes
and red wine.
There are no such appliances
as washing machines, dish
washers or televiSion sets.
Portugal Is about the size Of
Indiana. with a population OF
nine million. 1t has a colonial
empire % times the size of the
homeland, exceeded only by
that of Great Britain and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31
Constantine Brown
y. S. Policy Failures
France Seen as Proof That Collective
Security Has Been Unsuccessful

ment of Mussolini and Hitler,
have not taught our allies any
thing The reason is that APP
peasements and changing Of
allies are as inherent In Euro
pean history as idealism is in
American history.
France still, regards her
neighbor across the Rhine as
an enemy not because Of three
wars in the last "a years but
because Germany is challeng-
ing her leadership in Western
Europe.
The presence Of six Ameri-
can divisions in the former
Reich and the continuation
of NATO for as long as France
wants it should take care Of
the French apprehensions
about the intentions Of the
Germans. But this fear alone
is not the fundamental reason
why the edo is being buried
without honors.
France, like Britain and some
other members Of the NATO.
no longer sees the. U.S.S.R. as
a militant threat to her ter
ritories. She no longer fears.
as in 1850. that the Red
hordes will march to the Chan
mel in 80 days.
The French may still have
a suspicion that the u. S. S. r.
is concentrating her forces
against the United States.
That is too bad. they say.
But after all. they say, 1t is
Americas own fault if the
danger exists. Why doesn't
America follow the European
pattern and accept the prin-
ciples of co-existence pro-
pounded by Malenkov and Mao
Tse-tung? In the event Of an
Americana Communist war, the
political leaders of our allies
feel they can help more by
being neutral than particle
pants.
Mendes-France is not anti
American. He is pro-French.
He reflects the point of view
of the overwhelming number
of his compatriots that Frances
political and economic inter-
ests demand a parting from
American policies and a rapid
rapprochement with Red total
itarianiSm.
European political leaders
see alliances and security pacts
as worthy instruments only as
long as they answer the i'm
mediate needs of national poll
icy. And they are being thrown
into the ashcan whenever
national interests seem to re-
quire it.
The death of EDO and
France and Britain's lack Of
enthusiasm for SEATO are
clear proof that our policies
of militant collective security
have failed utterly. But our
diplomats and political leaders
are reluctant to admit that
their diplomatic strategy which
cost upward OF $40 billion has
Topped.
The French Assembly's de-
bates. the Chinese Commu-
nists' cordially to the British
party headed by former Prime
Minister Atlee and the visits
of many allied commercial and
industrial groups to Moscow
show clearly the way the wind
is blowing in Europe these
days.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31

ing the Western Germans they
then may attempt to free East
Germany. thus precipitating
an about war. He concluded.
however, that it is a risk which.
under the circumstances, is
worth taking.
There is nothing to indicate
that Portugal. once q great
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-08-31

commercial empire and one Of
Europe's major powers, is
likely to resume that role any
time soon. But one cannot
spend an hour with Portugals
Salazar without reaching the
conclusion that he is one of
the remarkable men of the
Goth century.
, 1954-04-29
Legislative Assembly
Will Strongly Protest
|Orgunic Act Druft

Members of the Legislative
Assembly have decided to
voice strong objections to a
draft Of organic act for the Vir
gin Islands adopted by the
House Interior and Insular
Affairs Committee.
The Assembly will submit
a brief to members Of Con-
.gress ~re-stating its recommen-
dations for amendments to
the organic act, and will write
letters to Congressman and
others in an attempt to OBJ
tain support for the peoples
draft. Resolutions in support
of the amendments desired BY
the people are expected to be
passed shortly BY the two
Municipal Councils.
All members of the ST.
Croix Council, with the excep
ton of Hon. Walter Hodge,
who is at present in Washing
ton and Wilfred Benjamin,
who is said to be III, were pre-
sent at the conference All but
one Of the st. Thomas legators
attended. Also participating
in tht discussions were Yalde-
mar HILL Roy r. Gordon and
Omar Brown, members Of the
Continued on page Al
, 1954-04-29
ST. Croix Council
Agrees 10 Approp.
$1,000 for Plunninq BID

Members Of the st. Croix
Municipal Council have pro-
missed to appropriate $4,000
toward operation of the Vir-
gin Islands Planning Board
at its next meeting.
The Board has been operat-
ing without funds since April
Is. However, it was the first
time since the law was passed
that the St .Creix body has
decided to appropriate funds
for it. The st. Thomas body
appropriated funds for it but
its work thus far has been de-
voted to St. Thomas alone.
, 1954-04-29
Orgunic Act May be
Voted on MuY 10.
Reports Indicute

The House Of Representa-
tives is scheduled to meet on
May Is to vote on II. r. 5181
which was reported out by
its subcommittee on Interior
and Insular Affairs. The full
committee under thechair-
manship of DR.. Arthur Z.
Miller Of Nebraska, will meet
on May 4, to consider the sub
committee report, but no
amendments are expected to
be made to the report. The
subcommittee was presided
over by Congressman Saylor
Of Pennsylvania.
The Senate
on Interior and Insular Al
fairs will meet in executive
session on May 3 to consider
its report to the Senate.
, 1954-04-29
Women's League Of
Frederiksted Elects
New Officers April ~

The Frederiksted branch of
the Women's League elected
new officers at its meeting
held on Tuesday night, April
", for the ensuing term.
Mrs. Beryl Armstrong, is the
new president; Mrs. Frances
Christensen, vice president;
Mrs, Edwina La Bega, Secre-
tary; Miss Ruby Arnold, As
sistant Secretary; Miss Ina
James, treasurer.
Mrs. Armstrong, who sue
ceeds Mrs. Eulalie Rivera, has
issued an appeal to all women
in the Frederiksted District to
become active members Of the
League.
, 1954-04-29
Governor Alexander
Book In ISL. Tho1nus
From Washington

Governor Archie Alexand-
er returned from Washington
on Tuesday of this week after
appearing before a Senate
subcommittee on appropria-
tions and urged restoration Of
at least the 100000 in the Vir
gin Islands deficit appropria-
ton funds.
Governor Alexander also at
tended the conference Of Gov
errors held at the White
House.
# - -- -
, 1954-04-29
D. S. Now Has Is
Atomic Guns in
Gerrnuny

American forces in West
Germany have been strength
ened with a third American
battalion Of six $50 ! NM
atomic" cannon, the United
States Army European head
quarters disclosed recently.
The new battalion increases
to eighteen the number Of IS
ton cannon now stationed
somewhere in Germany.
The artillery pieces are ca
pable Of firing regular or
"atomic" shells about 40
miles
The firsts unit Of the @atom
ic, artillery, The 265th Y S.
Field Artillery Battalion, ar
rived III West Germany ia
October. The s68th Battalion
arrived in January 1854.
, 1954-04-29
Alexander Extends
Invitdtion to Opening
Of West Indies Bunk

Joseph Alexander, secre-
tary of the West Indies Bank
and Trust Company has issu-
ed an invitation to the public
in general to be present at the
opening Of the Frederiksted
branch Of the West Indies
Bank and Trust Company.
"A few special invitations
were sent out to local officials
and Others.
, 1954-04-29
Virgin Is. Curnivul
Officially Opens in
ST. Thornus Tonight

The annual Virgin Islands
Carnival opens officially in
the sister island of ST. Thomas
tonight with a pageant, writ
ten especially by J. Antonio
Jarvis, distinguished local
author and educator. The pa
geant will be under the direc-
ton Of Norman Chelquist, al
50 an outstanding actor.
The celebrations will begin
in earnest tomorrow morning
when Gevesnef Alexander
places the crown on the head
Of Eleanor Roberts, as Queen
Of the Carnival on Kings
Wharf at 8 am. The corona
ton will be followed by a pa
rade with bands, troupes
and floats together with steel
bands from ST. Kits and An
tigua and clowns that are ex-
pected to accompany them.
The entire day will be given
over to reviews and demon
STATIONS and will doubtless
continue into the night when
an extensive lighting system
will be exhibited.
Saturday, according to Ron
de Lugo, will be devoted to
children's activities, during
Continued on page a
, 1954-04-29

Egypts strong man, replacing President Mohamed Naguib e. Pre-
me-. Napuib. who kept his presidential post, swOre in 3 new cabt
net, in which was created . new post, that Of Minister Of State n
Charge Of Presidential Affairs, to keep an. eye on Naglib. Nasser
gave Napuib9s poor health Is reason for the cabinet shift IN this
photo NaRuib Is shown going toward the x-ray room q the General
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1954-04-22
TERMS OF SALE

A cash deposit of ten per cent
of the purchase price will be re-
quired at the time of sale. The
balance in cash, with interest at
six per centum per annum from
the date of sale to the date of
payment payable within ten days
after final ratification of sale.
Adjustments on all taxes, pub
lie charges and special or regular
assessments will be made as of
TIE date of sale and thereafter
be assumed by the purchaser
Title examination, conveyancing,
State and Federal revenue stamps
and all other costs incident to
settlement are to be paid by the
purchaser.
Compliance with terms of sale
shall be made within ten days
after final ratification of sale or
deposit shall be forfeited and To-
property resold at the risk anu
cost of the defaultant purchaser.
THEODORE A. SEDAN
JOHN M. CONROY
Trustees
Conroy, Williams and Nylen
By: John D. Gilmore 1888
Attorney for Trustees