davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
Butter Not for Eotina

When Secretary Of Agriculture Benson
reduced dairy price supports from 90 to IS
per cent Of parity In April it, resulted In
lower retail prices about cents per pound
for butter and about cents per pound for
cheese. Butter and cheese consumption by
the American taxpaying public then rose
about 5 per cent above last year.
The House last week passed legislation
that would require 80 per cent parity pay
ments or an estimated cents per pound
retail increase on butter. The Senate Agri-
culture Committee since has voted an IS
per cent parity meaning nearly cents
per pound difference to the hutter-eating
taxpayer. Actually, of course. it simply
means that more of the taxpayers viii stop
eating butter again and the effort OF the.
administrators to have rood raised FOR eat-i
Ing rather thasS lust for storing. at him
cost, Is damaged by that much.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
his and That
BY Charles {. Trocewen
starlings like tlaeml

Starlings like theml
Also cardinals, eatbirds, mockingbirds,
sparrows and others.
There is no better food for birds
that viii eat them.
: The raisin eaters, as we call them,
comprise some Of our very best species.
They are pretty. Intelligent and help
full. and this applies to sparrows and
even starlings, in our book.
Working up spleen about one or
more garden residents Is rather absurd,
don't you think?
There is enough In the world to foam
at. without Transforming your beautiful
garden into an arena.
A very fine gentleman with whom we
were talking the other day was irri-
tated by a neighbor's cat.
To hear him explain it. you would
have thought the animal was deyast-
ating his garden.
He was very much upset about it.
He even threatened retaliation, and
spoke Of q deadly poison, just as people
do when they have no idea Of going
TO such extremes.
Did you ever see an animal die Of
poison?s We asked him.
He had not. he sad
They die slowly. 8e added. q con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10

In the short space Of less than four
years. Hamilton had barred Burr from
two of the Nations top offices, the
presidency Of the United States and the
g6vernorship Of New York. They had
long been enemies. In letter written
years earlier. Hamilton, in letter to
Virginia's John Rutledge, described
Burr as q "voluptual in the extreme"
"scheming" and unfit to hold public
Office" for fear that he might sell out
to foreign power to get money.
In the election of 1900, both JEFF
ferson and Burr had the same number
OF votes for President in the electoral
college (because the Constitution was
drawn without provision for separate
votes for President and Vice President)
That automatically threw the election
to the House Of Representatives. Burr
tried to bargain with the Federalists to
support him for the presidency. Thirty
five ballots between the two in the
House resulted in tie votes. Burr un-
doubleday lost the presidency because
Hamilton, who disliked jefferson but
detested Burr, refused to let the FEEDER
alists elect Burr President. on the seth
ballot, Jefferson won.
In 1904. Burr ran as an independent
candidate for Governor of New York.
He probably would have won had not
Hamilton fought him. It was because Of
Hamilton's alleged ''libels" in this CAM
paign that Burr challenged Hamilton
to the Inflated duel.
Following Hamilton's death, public
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
Robert L. Trbovich.

vulsion every three minutes for five
hours"
Mrs. L. need not be afraid Of over
feeding raisins. j.
They are good food, and may be used
as often as one pleases.
A good way Is to sprinkle them
through the grass at chosen site,
maybe the middle Of the back yard.
The fact that they are unseen to human
eye win not keep the birds from finding
them.
Birds, as group. have keener eye
sight than humans. ct least for what
concerns them.
Once they get onto the feast await
ing them at q certain place. they
gather every morning, or evening. or
whenever you put out the food.
They wait patiently. all except the
mockingbird.
That fellow, having q bit more brains
than most birds, becomes rather testy
about the delay.
Where are those raisins?"
He flies to window, looks In, flies
to another window. maybe pecks on
the pane.
He Is. an impatient fellow, heaven
bless him; what would this world be
without ytnpatience, art being long
and life snort?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
SesquicentennidI Of Hon1ton-Burr Duel
BY poyid a. Heller
WASHINGTON HAS had

OFFICIAL WASHINGTON HAS had
- its share Of sensations scan
dial, intrigue. momentous events
Of all kinds-but there has been
nothing quite ike the duel be-
tween two Of Americas most famous
sons. Alexander Hamilton, first Secre-
tary Of the Treasury, and Vice Presi-
dent Aaron Burr.
It was early On the morning Of July.
IL, 1904, that Hamilton and his Sec
Iond. Or. Pendleton, crossed the Hud-
son from New York City to that part
of the New Jersey shore known as "the
WeahawR (now Weehawken). There
they met Burr and his second, q Mr..
Van Ness, who had arrived FIRST and
were clearing away underbrush Tor the
dueling ground. IS
Cold greetings were exchanged. The
seconds loaded the pistols and cast
lots for choice Of positions and to see
which second would give word to IRE.
Hamilton's second won on both counts.
Pendleton asked the principals Il
they We're ready. Upon getting an az
firmatiye answer. he gave the ritual
word Present." The duelists were free
to fire at will.
Al newspaper story published q few
days after the event. related: when
Mr.. Pendleton gave the word, Mr..
Burr raised his arm slowly. deliberately
took his aim, and fired. His bali entered
General Hamilton's right side. AS soon
as the bullet struck him, he raised
himself involuntarily on his toes.
turned little to the left, at which
moment his pistol went of, and fell
upon his face"
Hamilton's second Immediately called
for the doctor who had been agreed
upon in advance by the parties. An
interesting footnote to the affair is
that Burr's second shielded him with
a big umbrella so the doctor could not
later swear under oath that he had
seen the Vice President on the dueling
field. While the physician gave emer-
gency treatment to Hamilton, Burr and
his second returned to New York.
Early rising New Workers who FREE
quented Tonture's Coffee House were
shocked to read the following terse
message posted in the window:
Gen. Hamilton was shot by Col.
Burr this morning in duel The gem
eral Is said to be nortally wounded"
Hamilton chung to life for several
hours but died the next day. July IL.
1904.
Why did two such eminent men
choose to fight to the death rather than
compose their quarrels in reasonable
manner? Like most political events, it's
hard to understand out of the con-
text OF its time. There seems to be little
doubt but that the affair occurred be-
cause Burr insisted upon It and left
Hamilton no honorable way out con-
sistent with the standards of the day.
This is the background Of the duel:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
BIumes Court for HoodIumism

In regard to the. recent stoning of
Congressman wish to tell Of my ex-
periences with similar gangs Of hood
1ums.
Several years ago while coming away
from my place of employment near
First ana 4 streets NE. I was stoned
by gang Of colored youths who fired
large rocks and pieces Of brick.
Again last year near 18th and L
streets NV. was surrounded by
gang Of q dozen colored youth ranging
in age from 8 years old to about 10.
They demanded my money and when
I refused and made q break to get
away, they followed me with curses,
hurting rocks.
Both Of these attacks were entirely
unprovoked as had never seen any
of the youths Before.
I do not blame the police for not.
stopping this sort Of thing. put the
blame squarely where 1t belongs on
Judge Edith Cockrill and her easy
going and Star-chamber methods of
running the Juvenile Court.
Apparently her procedure is this:
When youth is arrested for some
such hoodlumism the Judge refers the
case to social worker. In most cases
the social worker gives the offender
scolding or perhaps couple of days
in custody. Then the offender is re-
leased.
Once free and having received no
adequate punishment, most Of these
offenders thumb their noses at police
and Juvenile Court and soon repeat
their offenses.
( All this should be changed. Congress
should take away the power of Judge
Cockrill to run her court in this man
ner and compel her to afford some pro-
lection to the general public. At the
present time she seems to be working
against the police and not cooperating
with them.
Roy J. Sontar.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10

reaction against Burr was intense. He
was bitterly denounced by many Of the
nations newspapers. New York indicted
him for issuing q challenge to duel.
The Bergen County. New Jersey. grand
jury indicted him for murder. Though
the Indictment was never pressed. it was
never withdrawn.
Congress was out Of session and on
cial washington watched Burr in fasci-
nation. The Republicans (now the DEM
ocrats) had dropped him from their
ticket for reelection. Would he return
to serve out the remainder of his term
even while under indictment for MUIR
der? He did. AS President Of the Senate,
he presided over the impeachment trial
OF Supreme Court Justice Samuel Chase
and even won applause for his fairness.
For time after he was out of office.
Burr dropped from sight. Then, in 1906,
he became involved in series OF mil
itary operations with a large body Of
armed men in the South. Government
officials believed Burr was about to
undertake an expedition against Mex
ico-or perhaps try to carve out Sepa-
rate nation in the Southwest with him
self as president. He was arrested and
tried for treason. In an epochal trial,
presided over by Chief Justice John
Marshall, he was freed.
BY this time. however, Burr was per-
soma non grata nearly everywhere. He
never again held public Office. The last
three decades of his life were anticli-
mactic and he died in 1885 with little
money and few friends.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
Too Much Talking

The exchange Of partisan accusation
and recrtmination over who Is to blame for
what In the field Of foreign affairs reflects
no creditor the participants III the squab-
BILE. And in the long run it may be that
the national interest will be dangerously
harmed by these sporadic outbreaks be-
tween political spokesmen-- with their
aftermath Of bitterness and the resultant
lessening OF chances for co-oheration and
reasonable interparty harmony.
The evil force In the world today is
aggressive communism for which neither
Republicans nor Democrats are responsible.
For more, than seven years--from the end
OF World War II In 1915 to January, 1855
the Democratic administrations Of President
Truman guided the foreign policy OF, this
country and provided the principal leader
ship for the free world. Since January.
1858, the Republican administration of
President Eisenhower has been filling the
same role. There have been successes and
failures in each period And with the gift
OF lindsight 1t becomes relatively easy to
pick out mistakes, or at least to recall sit
uations where different policies might have
produced better results But If and when
errors were made, they were not made be-
cause one administration was Democratic
or another Republican. Neither party has
monopoly on wisdom In international
affairs.
Furthermore, in trying to place respon-
sibility for given situation today, it must
be remembered that the United States
even as the most powerful nation of the free
worlds not the unquestioned boss OF "a
group OF satellites. That is, in fact, the
essential difference between the non-C Com
muniSt and the Communist parts of the
globe. And for that reason the failures and
the setbacks which have been suffered at the
hands Of the Communists LIN Indo- China,
at Geneva and elsewhere cannot justif-
ably be explained away as proof of partisan
guilt or incompetence in Washington.
Vice President Nixon has angered the
Democrats by blaming former President
Truman and former Secretary of State
Acheson for what Is happening now in
Indo-China The Democrats, more serisi-
tive as the minority than when they were
the administration party, have countered
angrily through Senator Mansfield Of Mon
tana that the blame rests solely upon the
"indecision" and confusion" within the
Eisenhower administration Mr.. Nixon and
Senator Mansfield are experienced politi-
clans. Both know better.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
Bottle for Mems Minds

D0ttie TOR mems Minds
The President recently stated that
since the Soviet menace might well stay
with us for another 40 years, we must
approach the broad face of the prob
lem-ayoiding fixation on single, mo-
mentary issues.
Although we have in fact q broad
program challenging the many-sided
Soviet threat, the vast field of psyche
. logical warfare is still far from reaching
full bloom, while events in the Far
East. South America and even Africa
cogently point out the need for suitable
action.
Speeches and reports regularly spank
United States information policies,
often with justification, but few offer
concrete, workable alternatives or i'm
provements.
The Soviets put forth per cent Of
their budget, or 10 times United States
expenditures, on information facilities,
and with some success, while we stead
lily diminish United States Information
Agency funds. However, it is now
clearly imperative that we help provide
the free world with mental tools that
will defeat Soviet theological imperial
ism.
Agreed, we must strive for as much
physical contact with our friends and
potential friends. through exchange of
students. technicians, etc., but it is on
the plane Of the broad masses that we
must seek practical solutions.
Radio must suffice for the Iron Cur
tain countries as they offer only their
ears. The rest of the world offers eyes
and ears. And this fact is vital since
learning through sight is rs per cent
faster, more interesting and retained
longer. I'm 1916 the Army Industrial
Personnel Division ran an exhaustive
survey to prove this long suspected
fact.)
A series of films under q title like
''The Free World Speaks" could illus
trate the true achievements, milestones
and dynamic forces that nodded West
ern and Eastern civilizations, while sup
plying short-memoried man with per-
Spective from a vantage point high
above the hustle and hustle of daily
life. Such films, geared to local con-
ditions and in native tongues, of course,
provide the most expeditions answer to
the accelerated cultural lag inherent to
the industrially mushrooming world
in which we live. A. Chinese proverb
states: One picture is worth thousand
words"
Robert L. Trb0vich.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
Clio Killing the Goose

The CLIO urges that wages be further
increased because some of those still
employed are working fewer days and
fewer hours per day and thus their
take-home pay is not as great as for
merry.
The Go seems unable to grasp the
significance of the shutdown of a
whole coal industry because the de-
mands Of labor had choked the business
to death.
In like manner the demands Of the
maritime unions have choked the
American shipping industry almost to
death and unless there is an about-face
upon the part Of the maritime unions
it is only a question Of a short time
before all American produced exports
are carried under foreign flags. They
are killing the goose that for years
has laid the golden eggs for them.
Marion Waiver.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
Above the Bottle

The battle RACES all about.
The dust flies thick Ground--- ols
Nancy, on long April legs. ~
A robins nest has found.
The noise OF combat closes IN.
The air Is red NTH flame -
Nancy only Is concerned x
With baby robins name. ~
Upon the bridge the pictors stand,
BeloiU, the va1iquished lie
Nancy tiptoes close to hear
The robins lullaby.
The n10rnin0 dem fDzDnrffnlrv an
on Just and unjust falls
Nancy fDHDes sonthbonnd robins %:
Come back nert year" she cdils
l Alma Roberts GiordGn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
Tribute to EIbridge Gerry

Elbeidge Gerry was the only Signer Of
the Declaration Of Independence to find a
firlal resting place in Washington. He was
native Of Marblehead, Massachusetts, born
July II, 1744. The story OF his youth is In
complete, but it is known that he was grad
uated from Harvard in 1852, Joined his
father and two elder brothers in the ship
ping, export and import trade and was
elected to the Colonial General Court in
1772,s thus meeting and becoming closely
associated with Samuel Adams. A more
natural alliance never happened. AS events
developed John Hancock temporarily was
added to the partnership. Matters came to
climax on April 1919, TITS, at Lexington
and Concord.
Gerry also was Influenced by Thomas
Jefferson, whom he had met In New York
as early as 1764. When he journeyed to the
Congress In Philadelphia with John Adams
late in January, TITS, he was "an implacable
enemy" OF King George III. Naturally then,
he voted for Richard Henry Lees resolution
and the adoption Of the Declaration. His
work subsequently was more individualistic.
He was merchant and "a stern republic
can" His objection to the Federal Consti-
tuition drove him deeper into isolation and
"left him in gloomy frame Of mind" but
his usefulness to his country was by no
means ended He was member of the
xYz mission to France in 1877 1893, Gov
ernor OF Massachusetts, in l8lO-1812, Vice
President Of the United States in 1813-1814,
his term ending with his sudden death on
November 23 Of the last named year.
The relation Of Elbridge Gerry to WASH
ington was that Of father, for 1t was he
who, on October II, 1888, first suggested in
Congress the creation Of Federal Capital
lin the Potomac region, near Georgetown"
Three monuments in his honor exist in the
District of Columbia namely, the shaft
erected over his grave In the Congressional
Cemetery, his collection Of books in the
Supreme Court Building and the phrase
"gerrymanderingA often used in political
debate to connote geographical maneuver-
ing for partisan advantage. The District
of Columbia Society Of the Sons Of the
american Revolution did well to, honor him
on this past Fourth Of July.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
Time to Settle This One

The Associated Press reports from Lon
don that the British government is ready
to approach Egypt with new proposal for
settlement of the Suez Canal zone dispute.
The proposal would include withdrawal Of
British troops from the zone, leaving the
big military base under Egyptian jurisdic-
ton and with non-uniformed technicians
being engaged to take care of the inStalla-
ton. In event of war-specifically, in event
of attack upon any Middle East country by
an outside power - British forces would
have the right to reoccupy the base.
# this proposal is correctly reported, it
represents concessions on both the British
and Egyptian sides. Britain long ago
agreed in principle to the withdrawal OF
her troops from the Suez area but the me-
gotiations broke down on two points One
was the British inSiStence that technicians
remaining at the base for an interim period
should be responsible to British authority
and should be uniformed. The other was
Egyptian 'unwillingneSs to assure the right
OF reoccppation Of the base in event of war.
OF the two points Of disagreement, the sec
ond baSically is the much more important
to the West and probably to the security OF
the Middle East itself. The first, particu-
larry the issue Of whether technicians
should be in military uniform, seems rela-
lively trivial but involved the national pride
of both parties-plus reasonable concern
that the base should be kept In working
shape.
The Suez base is of highest strategic
Importance. More than 200 square miles
have been turned into a complex Indus
trialized area with railways, port facilities,
workshops ammunition and supply dumps,
a.. s4s.s
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
The baltimore Ruling

Judge E. Barrett Prettyman, speaking
for the majority of divided Court Of APP
peals, hewed strictly to the lire in the ruiz
Ing on the indictment Of Owen baltimore on
perjury charges.
The essence of the appellate decision
was to restore two Of four counts which had
been stricken from the seven-count indict-
ment by District Court Judge Luther
Youngdahl. One of these stricken counts
dealt with the charge that Mr.. baltimore
committed perjury when he denied before
q Senate committee that he had been
Communist sympathizer. Judge Youngdahl
had held this to be too vague, and so did the
Court Of Appeals. Although Chief Judge
Stephens disagreed, and the views which he
expressed were strongly argued, there will
be general agreement with the prevailing
ruling. It may be true, as Chief Judge
Stephens said, that Mr.. baltimore knew
what he meant by "sympathizer" when the
term was used The issue concerns a state
OF mind, however, and it is difficult to see
how a jury could pass Judgment on what
was in Mr.. Lattimores mind.
Judge Youngdahl was not content to
dismiss the count on the ground OF vague
ness. He went on to say that 1t violated
the First Amendment because it restricted
Mr.. Lattlmore'S freedom OF belief and ex-
preston. If the use Of the word sym
pathiZer" in the indictment was vague, this
judicial pronouncement was infinitely more
vague. And it is gratifying that the Court
OF Appeals did not concur in Judge Young
>dahIs view on this point. Judge Prettyman
summed up this aspect Of the matter when
he said:
1t is urged as general contention in re-
spect to this whole indictment that this PROS
ecution impinges on First Amendment rights.
But clearly the freedom Of speech to which
the people protected their right by this clause
In the Constitution does not include freedom
to lie under oath. i. When (Mr. Lattimore)
chose to speak under oath he was obliged to
speak truly and was subject to the penalties
OF perjury If he lied on material matter.
This, of course, should not be taken as
indicating any belief on the part Of the
appellate court that MIR. baltimore did lie
under oath. That question can be deter
mined only by the evidence produced at the
trial. The comment, however, is one which
cuts down any attempt to use the First
Amendment to obscure the real issue. The
question is simply whether Mr.. baltimore
did or did not tell the truth when he ,testi-
fed. And it should never be possible, in
an otherwise proper case. to use the First
Amendment as device to prevent the OBJ
tanning of an honest answer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10
Natter Of Hiss Pension

Every one seems to be taking stand
on the cancellation Of the Hiss pension,
so ! might as well get into the game.
Pensions are not rewards for good be-
havior. Therefore they are not subject
to cancellation for bad behavior. Re-
troactive punishment is the ''eye for an
eye" pattern Of procedure which Is
supposed to be obsolete In our Amer
lean philosophy. Pensions are pur-
chases and are the property of the
one who buys. A person not only buys
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-10

.tary aid from the United States, may Join
In this alliance or at least cooperate with
IT. Even 50, defense IN depth Is lacking
unless the full power Of the suez zone and
Its facilities is available with Egyptian
support. There IS good reason To believe
the British Egyptian dispute could have
been cleared up long age II the negotiations
had been seriously directed at settlements