davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-01-20
Dorothy Thompson
Dorothy Thonpson-
Cows Are Never Good MQrxists
Russian Form-Producs Shortage Blamed on Fact That
Growing Things Respond to Mature, Not DioIectcs

There is an incipient agri-
cultural crisis in the United
States and another in the
Soviet Union. Here the crisis
follows the accumulation of
vast stocks of wheat, corn, but
ter. and other agricultural
products, produced in excess of
market demands under guar
antees of Government absorp-
ton at assured over-world
market prices, q policy intro
duced to even farm income
with industrially produced in
come. or parity" The crisis
is due to the preposterous
prospect Of adding further
to the already undisposable
stocks and the proposed intro
duction of some measure to
regulate overproduction.
The Soviet crisis is the op-
posite. It Is crisis of cumu-
lative underproduction and the
inability Of country with huge
resources of land to fulfill the
food needs of it's people.
Soviet analyses, reports. and
actions all admit it.
The Soviets, like ourselves,
have attempted to close the
scissors" between industrial
and agricultural production
by government intervention.
Their problem is to increase
production They have at
tempted it by collectivizing and
nationalizing agriculture. con-
trolling it by commissars, turn
ing farmers into wage workers,
and exacting from each COL
lective and individual farmer a
production quota that must be
fulfilled under heavy penalties
for failure.
Generally speaking they at
Evening star., 1954-01-20
David Lawrence

Mothers Of many American
boys captured and still held
by Communist Chinese and
North Korean armies are con-
sidering the organization Of a
movement to plead with Pres
ident Eisenhower and Secre-
tary of State Dulles for help
These boys have never been
given q chance to be repatri-
ated and are being held
against their will in slave
labor camps somewhere In
China and Siberia.
Originally it was estimated
that there were 944 American
boys in the group. but within
the last few days the Penta-
gon has revised the figure to
768. The names Of many Of
them were made available to
our Government by other pris-
oners who returned last sum-
mer and who stated they had
seen alive many of their fell
low Americans at various
times in the last two years.
The Department of State last
autumn announced that, under
the terms of the Korean armi-
stice agreement, all prisoners
were to be returned-and the
word "all" was particularly
emphasized.
The mother of one Of the
boys writes to this correspond
ent as follows:
IT am the mother of one
Of the 944 men whom our
Government has chosen to
forget. My SON. wife and ]
have recently written to the
families of all Of these men
with the hope that by some
collective action we might
make our unified voice heard
in Washington.
Although we as a family
have written numerous letters
to those men in Washington
who should be concerned with
this terrible situation, we have
never received one reply which
would indicate anything be
yond polite and empty-sound
ing words.
"In contracting the families
we have asked each and every
one to keep sending letters of
protest. and if some positive
action does not result, and it
looks most unlikely. we should
then send a delegation of
Evening star., 1954-01-20

It is true that since the re-
turn Of the Conservatives to
office conditions in Britain for
the average individual have
improved through the removal
Of the restrictions imposed by
the Labor Party. The expert
ment Of former Prime Minister
Clement Attlee to make Brit.
ain into a welfare state ended
in near disaster for Britain's
finances and economy. Free
enterprise has been reinStated
in most Of England's industries
and trade. Government con-
troll over consumers goods has
also been removed, as have
many price controls.
In spite of these apparent
Improvements there is increas-
ing restlessness In the ranks
Of labor and white-collar work.
ers because wages and salaries
don't keep pace with prices.
Churchill is convinced that
If the restoration Of free en-
terprise is to be fully success
full new fields for Britain's
industry and commerce must
be found in order to gain full
employment for all categories
of wage and salary earnerS.
This explains his strong in
siStence . on cancelling the
existing restrictions on trade
with the satellite countries.
But while ne could do this on
his own governments initia-
tive, he must obtain the
U. s. S. RS and Communist
China's good will to entice
those vast countries to trade
freely with Britain. The Reds
have been interested in the
past in purchasing only a
selective amount Of industrial
products from Britain-princi-
pally strategic materials.
Since Stalin's death there
has been a superficial change
of heart toward Western Eu-
rope among the Kremlin lead
ers. Their present policy is to
Evening star., 1954-01-20

wives and mothers to WASH
ington to plead for the as
sistance these boys so desper-
ately need If they are not to
remain slaves to the Commu-
nists for the rest Of their
lives We feel that time is
running out and that the Gov
ernment will soon consider
sending out communications
to the effect that no further
information Is available so
that these men must be pre-
sumed dead,
I'VE would like to talk to
those who are responsible for
The making Of this do nothing
policy.
II remember reading In a
newspaper when President
Eisenhower's son departed for
Korea that the President. as
a father. told his son that he
could stand 1t II he were killed
but If he were taken prisoner
he could not find the strength
to go on-or words to that
effect. These are the normal
emotions of any father or
mother How can he ignore
those of us whose lives are
empty and deSolate because
Of the loss of our sons-espe-
cially when we know that there
is a great possibility that our
sons or husbands may be alive?
I am sure the President would
climb the highest mountain
or anything else to once again
be able to have his son near
him were he in the position
that we are in today"
The latest development in
The situation has been reported
in a press dispatch from Pan
nunjom. which says:
"The u. N. Command
charged the Communists had
impressed captured allied SOL
diers into two Communist
army units and demanded a
neutral investigation. A letter
to the neutral nations armi-
stice supervisory commission
said the prisoners were forced
into North Korean or Chinese
armies and still were held
there when all remaining pris-
oners were to have been hand
ed over to the Indians last
September "a"
There has been no infor-
nation revealed as to how
many Americans are included
Evening star., 1954-01-20

out for the Labor Department
post. In his new job he has
found labor leaders most CO.
operative and he and they
have found 1t possible to dis
cuss any and all problems.
He Is still engaged in a thor
ough survey Of his new do
main. His endeavor is to CO.
ordinate 1t and install some
central direction into what
had become a loose confedera-
ton of bureaus acting inde-
pendently of one another. One
after another he called in the
heads of bureaus and divisions
to find out functions and cost
OF each. Some requirements
are being made; but many
veteran officials who were
found most competent public
servants are being retained,
so there is no upheaval. He ad-
vised the Senate Labor Com
Evening star., 1954-01-20

tribute the failure to every
reason but the real one, which
is this: Agriculture deals with
organic life. Organic life re-
fuses to organize itself ac-
cording to DEGREES or dialectic
theory. One can plan, predict.
and, to some extent, secure
the output of plants and fac
tories, machines and men.
One can. by applied psychol-
ogy. condition human minds
and behavior patterns. But
the rain continues to fall on
the just and the unjust, the
sun pays no attention to
dialectics. and the COW Is not
a Marxist.
Animals respond only to
care. Care involves, perhaps
chiefly, material factors. Breed
ing counts. Regardless of the
test Of ancestral record. you
cannot get 10000 pounds Of
milk per year from the best
bred Jersey COW without feed
ing her balanced ration Of
grass. hay, ensilage, and gram,
according to her body weight
and milk-production average.
These factors can be mechan-
ically controlled. But only to
some extent.
Every COW is an individual.
have one whose milk pro-
duction falls whenever she is
fed the proper" amount of
grain. Obviously. she doesn't
digest it and does better on
hay.
Cows have temperaments.
They like some people and not
others. A change of hands in
the barn can-affect their pro-
duction Immediately, and so
can noise. Cows, like all nurs-
ing animals, including nursing
Evening star., 1954-01-20
Fletcher Knebei-
Potomac Fever

Senate committee approves statehood for Hawaii and
Alaska An uncertain future held back these territories for
nobody whether they'd Republican Democratic
Secretary Of State Dulles he hopes the Russians enter
the Big Constructive mood" leave
the sickle at home comrade-you knock enough with
the hammer.
Democratic Congresswoman Sullivan the biggest
tonal problem the 15-cent Of coffee Suivans
slogan vote Democratcand bring back the nickel Of
coffee to a dime"
Republican Representative Wolverton doctors have
failed with rising medical Politically there's only
thing against doctorstheye outnumbered by patients
Senate committee approves Robert Lee friend Of Sem
ator Mccarthy for the Federal Communications Commission
This keeps the Federal payroll evenly divided between Repu
lcans and Democrats-and McCarthyites.
Agriculture Secretary Benson defends the plan to 81
billion in farm products foreign nations Republicans
sed to stop Democratic this giveaway
to end all give-aways
The Communists refuse their Korean prisoners
This is principle high level The Reds battle for mems
minds-somebody else can feed their stomachs
Evening star., 1954-01-20
GonstdntI1e BToWT1-
Churchill Believed Ready to Quit
Venerable Prime Ministers Age and Stote Of His Health
Cited as Reasons. Plus Growing Labor Restessness
Constantine Brown

Reports from oficial and un-
ofiicial circles In London con-
cur in the belief that the
premiership days Of Winston
Churchill are numbered and
that he will resign before the
end Of the summer at the
latest.
Two reasons are advanced:
First. the age and state Of
health Of the Prime Minister
and, second, the mounting
restleSsness In the ranks Of
labor which is now being man
ifested by political" strikes.
For the first time in many
years there is an overt rebel
lion against the aged leader in
the ranks Of some Conservative
members Of Parliament. A
group Of 81 members no
longer answer to the crack Of
the whip and are determined
to 60 their own way even at
the risk of a new election.
They. and others outside the
House Of Commons. say that,
while Churchill's niche in
history is well assured and that
while he will keep a foremost
position in the history of Great
Britain, he has now outlived
his usefulness as an effective
leader in practical politics.
Anyhow. they add. domestic
policies in peace or near
peace time were never Church
Ills strong point.
To the voices Of these "reb-
els" are added those Of some
Of the cabinet ministers. They
complain that the "P. M" does
not function lucidly for more
than two or three hours q day;
that he has now become more
irascible and unapproachable
than in recent years and that
he frequently goes his own way
without consulting either his
cabinet or the other party
leaders.
Evening star., 1954-01-20

human mothers, dry If nerv-
ously excited. People are sue
cessful with cows and other
animals only when they care
for them-are fond of them.
The good herdSman has a sense
above what he learns in agri-
cultural college. A COW is a
personality, to be comforted,
cajoled, or treated firmly ac-
cording as she is docile, sensi.
tive or obstinate. Some cows
boss and others follow. No
commissar can decide which,
or decree equality.
Cows, no more than small
children, respond to argument,
or exhortation. You can't
make them give milk under
threat Of labor camp. You
can't argue with them about
their duty to the community.
1t Is so with all living grow
ing things. Some people do
have green fingers. Others
don't. The green finger is a
tender finger, and there may
be something else involved,
some magnetism, or acidity,
or alkalinity, that flows from
those transplantins seedlings.
But it is certainly not me-
chanical or organiZable
And that is why collectivist,
industrial. and mechanical
methods will always be limited
in agriculture.
Evening star., 1954-01-20

mittee that he is seeking larger
appropriations for his depart
ment. That was when he ap.
peared In connection with his
confirmation.
Like his predecessor. he
finds himself in the middle of
the Taft-Hartley law contro-
versy, He Is taking 1t in his
stride. His view. according to
his friends. is that this attains
the proportions Of q hot battle
only among the professionals.
that is. labor leaders and
management. He is confident
that amendments proposed by
the President will go far to
satisfy rank-and-file labor and
the public. and for that rea-
son regards the administra-
tion's promises as a good move
politically with labor.
He Is Skeptical OF the Pres
ident's proposal for q secret
strike vote conducted by the
Government, which originated
with Secretary Of Commerce
Weeks on behalf Of some en-
ployers. It does not seem USE
full or worth the trouble or
cost. Experience with the
World War II Smith Connally
Act. long expired, showed that
In 81 per cent Of elections un-
der 1t the vote of employees
was for q strike, and such it
Is believed still would hold. On
the theory, however. that some
way might conceivably be
found to carry out the Presi-
dents idea, Secretary Mitchell
is expected to suggest to con-
gressional committees when he
appears that this proposal be
separated from the rest Of q
revision bill and handled sep
arately.
Evening star., 1954-01-20
Britain 10 Aid Firms
Seeking Red China Trade
BY the Axsoeioted Pres,

LONDON. Jan. 20.-The Brit
ish government pledged all pos
sible aid yesterday to British
firms wanting to trade with Red
China.
Lord Reading. minister of
state for foreign affairs. told the
House of Lords that British
businessmen wanting to discuss
trade in goods" would be given
all proper facilities in the gov
ernment's power to get to China.
Lord Readings pledge. made
in reply to questions from men,
bers of the house. apparently
is part of a new program de-
signed to push this country's
trade with Communist nations.
The government still observes
the strict allied embargoes on
export of potential war goods
to these, countries but. accord
ing to official sources these en-
bargoes are being reviewed and
revised constantly.
Evening star., 1954-01-20
u. 5. Bars Shipment
OF Butter 10 Russia
BY the Assoeiosed Press

Secretary Of Commerce Weeks
has refused to let a Minnesota
exporter ship surplus American
butter to Russia.
The Commerce Department
announced last night that Mr..
Weeks had formally denied an
export license to Dwayne An
dreas Of the Honeymead Co.,
Mankato. MINI. The department
gave no further details.
The Secretary told newsmen
last Friday he would not ap-
prove a license to permit ship
ment of butter to Russia at a
cost Considerably lower" than
prices paid by American house.
wives.
Mr.. Andreas had mentioned
an offer to pay about so cents a
pound for q large stock of sur
plus butter held by the Govern
ment under the price support
program. The Government paid
dairymen about IS cents
pound. In Washington, house.
wives pay 1915 cents a pound.
Evening star., 1954-01-20
Doris FIeeson-
DorIs Feeson-
y psetting Statehood App|ecort
DWorshoks UnintentionoI Switch in Committee Provides
RePubieon Leadership With On Unexpected Crisis

The Hawaii-Alaska state
hood eggs are scrambled again
and the probability Is now that
Presid ent Eisenhower will
either have to sign a bill ad-
citting both to the Union OF
consent to shelve the state
hood issue again this year.
A Republican leadership al.
ready heavily beset by the
Bricker amendment was Who'll
ly unpl epared for the state
hood crisis. It had assumed the
wheels were creased for pre-
sumably pro-Republican Ha-
waii as against presumably
pro-Democratic Alaska. The
President was so advised:
hence his recommendation to
admit Hawaii in which he did
not mention Alaska.
The key figure in the upset
OF the beSt-laid plans of mice
and men is a Republican con-
servative nationalist. Senator
DworShak of Idaho, who viii
be running for reelection next
fall. To the angry amazement
OF his G.. 0. P. colleagues.
Senator Dworshak switched
his vote in the Interior Com
mittee and thus furnished the
one-vote margin to tie Alaska
to Hawaii in the pending bill.
A careful check Of the story
as it developed leads to the
ineScapable conclusion that
Senator Dworshak has looked
the ground over and decided
he would have to win re-elec-
ton as Henry Dworshak and
not as a follower of President
Eisenhower.
Evening star., 1954-01-20

pared to offer In the Interior
Committee his amendment to
tie together Hawaiian and
Alaskan statehood. The We
hement CONSERVATION Of Sena-
tor Butler, the chairman. and
others when IL passed over
lowed the supposedly execu-
tive session.
Senator Dworshak was ut
:erly unperturbed when he
talked later to reporters. When
one Of them reminded him
that bis present vote repre-
;ented something Of a switch,
lie said blandly:
If it was a switch, 1t was
n unintentional switch" The
.ast three words are a phrase
certain to pass into the YER
lacular of the press galleries.
Democrats deny virtuously
hat they made any deals with
Oworshak, an assertion about
which time alone can furnish
the evidence. It is true that
Dworshak in the past has ia
vored Alaskan statehood. even
though he stood hitched on
last years voting. 1t is also
true that he is q Republican
to whom the popular general
was only a necessary evil in
order to win the White House.
and not q leader to be followed
from conviction.
Unfortunately, the aura Of
cynical politics which once
again shrouds statehood is
real and threatens the great
principle for which Eisen-
hover spoke out in 1850.
Evening star., 1954-01-20
$4,000 Javanese PeriIed
By Erupting Volcano
By the Asseeio,sd Press

JAKARTA, Indonesia, Jan. 20.
Twelve villages with a COM
bined population Of about $4,000
were in the danger zone today
Of Merapi. an erupting volcano.
The eruption, which started
Monday. killed 81 Javanese and
injured 10. Police and troops
moved thousands of panic
stricken villagers to places Of
safety The regional government
Of Central Java. which sets up
a 100000 relief fund. rushed
food and medical supplies.
Merapi is about 300 miles
southeast of Jakarta. 1t Is in
one of the worlds most dense!y
populated areas. with about 1.9
million persons living on the fer
tile eastern and southern slopes
and in the surrounding valleys.
Evening star., 1954-01-20

ATTEMPT to isolate America by
dividing the members of the
NATO. This is being done not
only through well-planted po-
ljtical "neutralist" propaganda
but also by holding out the
carrot Of unlimited trade be-
tween East and West. Our
European friends are imper-
vious to the fact that what
the Kremlin has IN mind is to
soften their determination to
oppose the Red imperialism by
Offering them the prospects Of
"capitalistic gains" and infil-
trate them at the same time.
Churchill continues his drive
to get President Eisenhower to
attend a major parley with
Georgi Malenkov without first
being given some positive as
StlranceS that the U.S.S.R.
means what it says. He also
stubbornly insists that we rec
ognize the Peiping government
and thus gain the doubtful
good will of the Communist
world. These are part and par
Gel of his attempts to restore
Britain to her prewar economic
and financial prominence.
British labor is, however, inn
patient with the slow progress
of Churchill's efforts. 1t has
also begun to feel the pinch of
a depression due to lack of for
cign markets and the limited
purchasing power of the Brit
ish consumers. The fear Of an
overall recession in all the
Western world has also gripped
big British financial and in
dustrial circles as well as the
middle classes. These all seem
to believe now that the Labor
Party might be able to find a
cure easier than the Conserv-
atives under the leadership Of
the fine old gentleman who.
they say. has served his coun-
try brilliantly in war time but
is now too old to lead Britain
in peace time.
Evening star., 1954-01-20

Sometimes the best politics
is the best government.
That brings us to James p.
Mitchell, Secretary since Oc-
tober, who is no professional
labor leader, nor yet with any
ties to employers and manage
ment. His idea seems to be to
do the best job he can, in short.
good government. That is be-
ginning to look like the best
politics. It's a simple prin-
ciple; but so many politicians
and political manipulators
never get the point.
Mr.. Mitchell has two roles as
ne sees it. One is administrator
Of the Labor Department.
That post he considers as
frankly one for the promotion
Of the welfare of the wage
earners of the United States,
with no unctuous claims of sit
ting way up on a pedestal as
an umpire or something. His
other role Is as q staff officer
to the President In the field of
labor.
Sound Of judgment. equable
in temperament. experienced
in labor relations and In Gov
ernment, the Secretary has
impressed the people in his
department and labor leaders
with his ability and sincerity
and clear purpose in a position
that offers a real challenge al
ways. He was In charge of in
dustrial relations for Bloom
ingdale's, a New York depart
ment store. before coming to
Washington as an expert in
manpower for the Army. He
had 3 large circle Of friends
and admirers already In Gov
ernment before he was singled
Evening star., 1954-01-20

The Senator recently con-
flded to a Democratic COL
league that he was on an Ell
senhower list Of half a dozen
Republicans the President
thought he could get along
without. Dworshak said he
knew this when he returned
to Idaho last fall and feared
it would hurt him. He was re-
turning to Washington with
the feeling it would not, he
said.
Senator Malone, a Nevada
Republican Of convictions sim
liar to Dworshak's, Is also on
that list, according to the Sen.
ate grapevine. Last year i,
was Senator Malone who up.
set the statehood applicant in
the Interior Committee. His
loss was made up by the con-
version of Senator Russell
Long of Louisiana who has de-
cided he favors Hawaiian but
not Alaskan statehood.
A newspaper item also fig
ures in the Dworshak story.
though it is claimed he did
not see it until after his IA
nous vote. It quotes the then
Gen. Eisenhower as saying In
1850: "The quick admission of
Alaska and Hawaii to state
hood will show the world that
America practices what it
breaches"
With such ingredients to
work with, Senator Clinton
Anderson, New Mexico Demo-
crat and one of the real op-
orators Of the Senate. pre-
Evening star., 1954-01-20
Thon1os [. Stokes
Thonos [. Stokes
Good Politics, Good Government
Secretary Of Labor Mitchell Turns Out to Be What
Eisenhower Thought He Was Getting in Durkin

You never can tell in politics.
Take the case Of Secretary
Of Labor James p. Mitchell.
There are indications that he
may turn out to be for the
Eisenhower a dminis tration
what clever political strate-
gists thought they were getting
with his predecessor, Martin
Durkin. That is, a lure for
labor support. In fact, Secre-
tary Mitchell may be far more
help than Mr.. Durkin might
ever have been.
You will remember that the
latter, a professional labor
leader and a Democrat who
had voted for Adlai Steven
son, was very usly
picked with politics uppertnost.
The gesture was obvious-to
labor, especially organized
rank-and-file labor that had
voted for Gen. Eisenhower, and
to Democrats who had switched
to the man who now is Presi-
dent. It was thanks for Novem-
ber, 1852, and a promisSory
note for Mover m ber, 1854,
which is coming up.
The Durkin maneuver was
the handiwork of Attorney
General Herbert Brownell.
typical of the Dewey -Brownell
team; but it turned out to be
too clever. Martin Durkin was
embarrassed ultimately by his
double allegiance when the
Eisenhower a admins tration
made it plain it did not intend
to 60 as far as labor demanded
on Taft-Hartley revision. So
he got out.
The too patiently political
trick defeated itself.