davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-12-19
Women Now Reported Filling All Job Types

way things we're In 1910, and It
says: -
Women are now in all the 446
occupations that the census re-
ports"
80 Per Cent of Labor Force.
Reporting that about 80 per
cent of all workers in the United
States, are women. the study
says:
The presence Of women in all
occupations, even though their
representation is still small in
some, indicates their growing
contribution to the economy of
the United States and suggests
an increasingly important role
for women in the years to come" "
The Labor Department en-
phasizes that its new look at
women's work" shows that they
are mot taking over from the
men but are contributing their
own skills and aptitudes."
Among the 16 million women
now employed. the study lists
lady carpenters, sailors deck
hands,. bootblacks. bartenders,
tractor drivers, airplane pilots
and navigators, telephone line
men, paperhangers, lumbermen,
raftsmen and wood choppers.
laborers, locomotive engineers
Evening star., 1954-12-19

and firemen, and even stevedores
and longshoremen.
Lady BARRIERS Too.
Lady BARRIERS are Jumped to-
gether with manicurists under
"beauticians."
Among the last male frontiers
to fall during the decade were
railroading jobs and flremen
(the kind that chase after fires)
Listed in the statistical tables
for the first time are 444 fire.
men; 304 railroad brakemen:
ats switchmen: 352 conductors;
430 locomotive engineers and 1876
locomotive firemen.
A footnote says: Reports of
women employed in these occu-
pations, unusual for women,
were not accepted by the Bureau
of the Census prior to 1885,"
Evening star., 1954-12-19
President Sets Rules
For Cost Sharing Of
Watershed Projects
Rx .he As,eeiatsd Pres,

President Eisenhower laid down
the rules yesterday for admin
istering the new law under which
the Federal Government will
share with local interests the
cost Of projects to conserve water
and soil.
The White Mouse described the
presidential order as "an i'm
portant step toward the achieve
ment of a sound national pro-
gram for the development, use.
and conservation of the Nations
soil and water resources"
The Law, approved last August,
authorizes the Agriculture De-
partment to give technical and
financial aid to organized groups
of farmers living in small water
sheds where floods. drought and
soil erosion are causing serious
damage.
Theory Of Conservation.
The Interior Department, Army
engineers and other agencies
also figure in the cooperative
venture.
The watershed theory Of con-
servation and flood control in
wolves harnessing and using
water where it first falls, rather
than allowing it to run un-
checked into rivers and churn
downstream where huge dams
are needed to handle it.
Watershed practices include
Evening star., 1954-12-19

accomplishments Of the depart
ment in personnel matters.
Mr.. Mitchell said 21S employees
have been given grade promo
tions during the past six months
and that there was a rs per cent
increase in the number Of cash
awards given for meritorious
suggestions. He also cited the
departments lateral transfer"
program whereby employees can
transfer from one Labor bureau
to another to give them a great
er range of experience and, in
creased opportunities for ad-
vancement.
POST OFFICE-The Post Of
flee Department is having a diff
ferent sort Of Christmas party
for its departmental employees
this year. The gathering on
Thursday afternoon in Post
master General Summerfield's
reception room will stress the
religious significance Of Christ
mas with an invocation and the
reading Of passages in the Bible
dealing with the birth of Christ.
y y II
CAPITAL ROUNDUP IT h e
following employees of the Treas
ury Departments Bureau of Pub
lie Debt have been given out
standing performance ratings:
James w. Arnold. Mrs. Rosalyne
v. Austin, Violet Baker, Mrs.
Helen o. Bell, Mrs. Dorothy
Carta, William L. DziagWa, Frank
A. Eddy. Patricia A. Freeze, Mrs.
Frances q. Golden, Mrs. Rose
mary A. Griffin, Bernard G..
Holtzhauer, Stanley H. Kluk.
Mrs. Esther c. Lawton. Betty s.
Marcus, Mrs. Angeline Monaco.
William H. Moore. Meta S. Pat
ten, Mrs. Harriet L. Pitt, William
P. Pridgen, Julia r. Simon, Mrs.
Ruth E. Stitt and Mrs. Mildred
A. Warvin. -Four employees OF
the Navy's Bureau of Supplies
and Accounts have been given
promotions. They are James F.
Wolfe. Harry J. Dickinson. jr.;
James l.. Frisbee and Dale D
Wilbur. :. Henry P. Birming-
ham of the Naval Research Lab
oratory has been awarded the
meritorious civilian service
award. The following have
been elected to the Federal Com.
munications Commissions EN-
ploye Representative Board: Will
liam H. Hunter, jr.; Joseph w
Brumbaugh, John D. Sweeney
Joseph Hanyok, Ellis Crocker
Catherine Lunders, Edward w
Hautanon, Russell G. Wilkins
Lewis Greenberg, Herb L. Beury
Virginia Hughes, Waleska Wat.
son. Carl A. johnson, Elizabeth
Batman, Mary B. Fowler and AL.
vim C. Holmes. Max w. Do.
man of the Marine Corps Insti.
tute has received an outstanding
performance rating. :. The Rev
Ernest e. Bruder, chaplain Of st
| Elizabeths Hospital, and McDuf.
fle Little and Luther L. Rhode.
have received outstanding per.
] formance rating,
Evening star., 1954-12-19

several functions, including the
approval Of applications for as
sistance.
Congress during the past two
years appropriated $1O.5 million
to carry out work on some so
small watershed projects. These
projects are being paid for gen.
orally on a $3.50 basis by the
Federal Government and local
interests. Congress also appro-
priated more than 81 million for
a study of possible additions to
the program.
Evening star., 1954-12-19

District and vicinity-Consid-
erable cloudiness, rather windy
and cold today and tomorrow.
High today around 40.
Maryland and Virginia-Con-
siderable cloudiness and rather
windy today and tomorrow with
snow fiurries in the mountains.
Colder today with high 34-40
Evening star., 1954-12-19

area will receive maximum pay
ments of $50 a week for a maxi.
mum of 26 weeks.
In addition to Federal en-
ployes who work in Washington,
those employed at the Pentagon,
Navy Annex, Gravelly Point.
Andrews Air Force Base. the
Census Bureau and Navy units
at Suitland and other nearby
installations will receive the
Districts unemployment COM
pensatiorl rate of benefits.
1t will make no difference
where the employe resides. AS
long as he worked in the Dis
trict or nearby Maryland or
Virginia, he or she will receive
the District rates.
officials said there will be a
few exceptions to this rule, such
as Fort Belvoir. Va. In this
case, for example, the employees
would be paid at Virginia's rate
of a $24-a-week maximum bene-
fit for a maximum of 16 weeks.
Federal workers who are un-
employed as of January !, 1855,
are eligible to apply for benf1ts
If they were employed as late as
October !, 1858.
However, employees will not be
eligible if they quit their job
without good reason, or If they
were fired for cause. or if they
don't accept a reasonable job
. that might be found for them by
the United States Employment
Service.
Johless white, collar Clerical
and professionally employees
should apply at any time after
January l to the United States
Employment Service on the first
floor of the Old Post Office
Building, Twelfth street and
Pennsylvania avenue NV, to
register for unemployment COM
pensation benefits. They then
will be referred to the District
Unemployment Compensation
Board. SOL K street NV. job
less blue collar (skilled trades,
etc. employees need not apply to
the USES office but should go
directly to sol K street NV.
! n *ts~ ..sA.t
LABOR DEPTH a meeting
/ with 7 Labor Department EN-
ployes last week, Secretary
Mitchell outlined some of the
Evening star., 1954-12-19

fits to jobleSs
Federal work.
ers, signed
into law this
year goss into
effect on jan,
uary l.
The, Dis
trict's jobless
benefit rates
a ! SO W e r e
liberalized by
Congress this
wear .iahlaSS
Federal work.
ers in tn e
w a S h | ngton
Evening star., 1954-12-19

small dams and various land
practices. such as systematic
planting Of trees and other vege-
tation. on the upper reaches Of o
river valley.
The White House said to-
days order stresses local initia-
tive and responsibility and close
cooperation with State agencies.
Defines Improvements.
The order defines the types of
improvements to be carried out
and assigns responsibility to Sec
retary of Agriculture Benson for
Evening star., 1954-12-19
Eisenhower Plans
To Proclaim Finish
Of Korea Emergency
BY 4hs Assoeioted Pres

President Eisenhower is get
ting ready tc proclaim an end
TO the Korean War emergency.
Q move expected to save the
Treasury hundreds of millions Of
dollars In future veterans bene-
ITS.
James c. Hagerty, presidential
press secretary, said yesterday
such an order Is In the works.
though he addee that he thought
1t would be quite a little while"
before It ls issued.
President Truman declared the
emergency OH December 16, 1850.
Though the Korean fighting has
been ended for more than a
year, every ersoL entering serv-
ice while t1e proclamation is in
effect is discharged as a war
veteran.
This entities them to extra
benefits such as education and
training: insured loans for
homes, farms and businesses;
mustering-ou pay, unemploy-
ment compensation and help in
finding jobs
$40 Million More a Month.
Veterans Administrator Har-
vey v. Higley said recently he
believed the President or Con-
gress would soon name date
after sWhic,, al, who enter mill
tary service will be discharged as
peaceti1ne veterans" The order
would not apply to persons en-
tering serviue before that date.
Mr.. Hig!ey said that for every
month the emergency continued
1t added u potential" Of $40
million in future benefit pay
ments.
The Official end of the emer-
gency Is not expected to have
much effect except in the field of
veterans benefits. Remaining
Government powers to take
special action in the field Of
business, fol example. are most
ly embodied in separate laws,
which woull not be affected by
the presidential. proclamation.
The veterans benefits are pro-
vided In a GI bill. which speci-
fles that they can be ended by
Congress or the President by
declaring an end to the emer-
gency. .-. .
Chamber Writes Higley.
The United States Chamber of
Commerce said yesterday the
Government should call a halt
to giving benefits Of this bill to
future veterans.
In a letter to Mr.. Higley, Glen
D. Johnston, Chamber president,
said:
"The prospective deficit of
$4,700, ,000, 900 in the current fis-
cal year makes it more i'm
perative than ever that steps be
undertaken at once to scale
down every excessive expendi-
ture and to eliminate every un-
Necessary expenditure.
\ Mr.. Jchnston said there is a
great difference in wartime
service" for which the G1 bill
was set up land thesskind ot
service for which men are now
being enlisted and drafted"
Evening star., 1954-12-19
Fiqueres Plans Amnesty

SAN JOSE, Costa Rica, Dec.
18 (R.-President Jose Figueres
announces he will shortly sub
NIT a bill to Congress for a
general amnesty law to bene-
fit political exiles and persons
sentenced for offenses during
this Central American repub-
lies l948 civil war.
Evening star., 1954-12-19
BY the Asseeioted Pfsss

The Department Of Labor yes
terday put out a bulletin that
should make the male popula-
ton sit UP and take notice
It says that women can now do
any work a man can do. ac-
cording to Census Bureau /. job
classification standards, and are
bringing home the pay checks
to prove it.
The study is based on the 1850
census, as compared with the
Evening star., 1954-12-19
The Federal Spotlight
II. S. Workers in Area to Get
Districts JobIess Poy Scale
By Joseph Young

District of Coumbas unemployment compensation rates
will apply virtually all Government workers in this in
cludng Federal installations nearby Mary
land and Virginia
This decided by United States Employment Service
Evening star., 1954-12-19

Record Temperatures This Year.
Highest. 103. on July 81.
Lowest. Is. on January %.
High and Low of Last "a Hours.
High, SO, at 400 pm.
Low 80, at 1000 p.ln.
Evening star., 1954-12-19
The Weather Here and Over the Nation

in the west and 40-45 in east
portions. Continued cold tomor-
row.
Wind-WeSt to northwest 15-
Is miles per hour.
Evening star., 1954-12-19
wirephoto Map.

Al
Great Lakes expect cold and cloudy weather today
can the Valley region eastward to the Middle Atlantic
England coastal sections Snow hurries
exnected for most of Southern New
land and Middle Coas where rain is predicted Clear
to partly cloudy forecast for the remainder Of
Nation with colder temperatures in the Eastern section Little
temperature change is forecast elsewhere
Evening star., 1954-12-19

tFrom United States Engineers.)
Potomac River muddy at Harpers
Ferry and very muddy at Great Falls:
Shenandoah muddy, at Harpers Ferry.
Evening star., 1954-12-19

The new program giving un-
employment compensation bene-
Evening star., 1954-12-19

This edition also contains
This Week Magazine of 20
pages, a 10-page comic section
and 16 pages of rotograuure.
Evening star., 1954-12-19

LABOR DEPTH a meeting
with Labor Department EN-.
ployes last week, Secretary
Mitchell outlined some of sthe
Evening star., 1954-12-19
The Sun and Mool

PrecIDitatl0n.
Monthly precipitation in inches In the
Evening star., 1954-12-19

Humidity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-21
L:X333T19<2X7;II13

Organza ties, bows, double collars, inSets,
and cuffs of white liven up not only dark
spring colors but neutral shades of gray and
beige.
Pert Peter Pans, Buster Browns, big organdy
bows, or fiat little self-bows do still more to
point up a season where the white touch"
is one of fashions favorite accents
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-21

IF THERE'S one touch that can be termed
i springs own" it's the use of white to
accent suits, dresses, hats, shoes. gloves and
handbags.
lone long stemmed white artificial rose
pinned on a black silk faille coat-dress is
enough to set it apart as real high fashion
spring costume.
Evening star., 1954-09-27
Mccarthy
Continued From First Page.)

said. "that Gen. Zwicker was a
most recalcitrant witness on
February 18, and a most reluctant
witness on September 49,"
He said the question. from the
standpoint of the Mccarthy
case. is whether vigorous cross
examination was warranted"
"Our position" he said, sis
that vigorous cross-examination
was warranted on February 1s
and was necessary on September
49,"
He said the record would pro-
vide "a very vivid refutation OF
any censure regarding the way
Gen. Zwicker was handled"
He said the record of the gen.
erals testimony disclosed many
Evening star., 1954-09-27

contradictions and inconsist-
encies."
Mr.. Williams said he expects
that other members OF the Sen
ate. whom he did not name.
would wish to present arguments
supporting Senator McCarthy's
position. He said he expected to
be present on the Senate floor at
Senator McCarthy's side during
the debate.
Senator McCarthy's Office. re-
ceived promptly at 9 am. today
a copy Of the special Senate
committees report. But some
time later Office aides said SEN
ator Mccarthy had not seen it
so far as they knew.
Senator Mccarthy went this
morning to Bethesda Naval
Hospital for treatment Of a
sinus ailment. He has chronic
sinus trouble and began daily
trips to the hospital last week
for treatments.
Members of his staff said they
did not know where the senator
would 60 upon leaving the hos
pital. but that he was not e4-
pected at his Office in the Sem
ate Office Building today.
Evening star., 1954-09-27

Senator Mccarthy said he was
justified in referring to Senator
Flanders as "senile" because the
Vermonter had used stronger
language about him.
The Wisconsin Republican re-
fused an opportunity to with
draw his remark referring to
Senator Hendrickson as "a liv-
ing miracle. without brains OF
guts.p He said he thought he
was justified in saying what he
did when Senator Hendrickson
Joined in the Election subcom-
mittee's report.
On the charge that he re-
ceived and made use of confiden-
tial FBI information unlawfully
obtained from a classified docu-
ment, Senator Mccarthy and his
attorney insisted that the docu-
ment in question. a two and one
quarter page letter which figured
in the Mccarthy Army investi-
CATION, was not properly claSsi-
fed since the security informa-
ton contained in it had been
deleted. He insisted he had a
right and duty to use the docu-
ment.
Senator Mccarthy, in defend
ing himself against the charge
that he had urged Government
employees to supply him with In
formation even if it meant vio-
lating the law and their oath of
Office, contended he was not ask
ing for general classified in
formation" such as atomic or
military secrets. but only for
evidence on graft, corruption,
communism and wrongdoing.
Evening star., 1954-09-27
Charges Not Covered
10 one who had no share OF the

The committee said that while
1t studied various other charges
against Senator Mccarthy. 1t
decided to stick with its original
list of five categories embodying
13 charges.
It broke down into II gen
eral grounds its reasons for re-
jecting charges. These included
charges. which. even II proved.
would not or. might not amount
to cenSurable conduct; charges
that were too vague and uncer-
tain: charges which. If held CEN
Surable, might tend to place un-
warranted limitations on the
freedom of speech In the Sen
ate";; charges that would be i'm
possible to prove; charges involv-
ing the conduct Of committee
staff members, and others.
It then listed SO charges 1t
did not consider and after each
indicated which of the II rea-
sons for non-consideration ap-
piled.
The committee said its most
difficult job was determining
what constitutes illegal insuffi-
cheney" In considering a censure
charge. No helpful precedents
were found. it said, adding: 'The
path Is narrow and the guide
posts few"
It said that the decision to
eliminate certain charges was
arrived at only after very careful
and thorough consideration, and
commented that I'VE do. not
want to be understood as saying
that this committee approves of
the conduct alleged.
The committee also pointed
out that "unqueStionably," the
overall time factor figured in
The elimination If ohio vernc
Evening star., 1954-09-27
censure Of Mccarthy
On Z Charges Urged
In Committee Report
Continued From First Page.) }

disrupte. Such conduct cannot
be condoned and is deemed i'm
proper.
However, the committee, pre-
ferring to give Senator McCar-
thy the benefit OF whatever
doubts and uncertainties may
have confused the issue in the
past. and In recognition Of the
Senator's responsibilities as
chairman Of the Committee on
Government Operations and It's
Permanent Subcommittee on IN
vestigations. does not feel JUS
titled in proposing his acts in this
particular to the Senate as
ground for censure.
''The committee recommends
that the leadership Of the SEN
ate endeavor to arrange q meet
ing of the chairman and the
ranking minority members of
the standing committees Of the
Senate with responsible depart
mental heads in the executive
branch of the Government in
an effort to clarity the mechan-
isnls for obtaining such re-
stricted information as Senate
committees would find helpful in
carrying out their duly au-
thorized functions and RESPONSE
bilities."
The Watkins group found
that. insofar as Senator Nc
Carthy invited Government en-
ployes to supply him with gen.
eral information of wrong
doing. not of aSclassified nature,
he was acting within his pre-
rogative as Senator and COM
mittee chairman. The report
also asserted, however, that the
Mccarthy invitation was broad
enough to be susceptible of the
implication that it covered clas-
sif1ed material as well. But the
committee concluded that in
issuing the invitation Senator
Mccarthy was motivated by a
sense of official duty and not
uttered as the fruit of evil de-
sign or wrongful intent"
The Committee also included
a warning to Federal workers
that if they transmitted any
classified material affecting ma
tional security they would be
running the risk of effective
penalties.
Evening star., 1954-09-27
Senate Rule Chances

The committee said that it
was convinced that if certain
rules had been in effect, much
OF the criticism against investi-
gative committee hearings would
have been avoided" Therefore.
it recommended four changes in
Senate rules on committee activ-
tiles.
The first proposed rule change
would permit a witness to re-
fuse to testify before a COM
mittee or subcommittee with
less than two members present.
unless the committee or sub
committee agrees by, majority
vote that one member may con-
duct a hearing.
The second would require that
witnesses be questioned only by
committee members or author
lied staff personnel and that
committees must approve per-
sons employed or assigned to in
vestigate activities.
The other two. charges would
prevent release of executive ses-
sion testimony unless authorized
by a majority committee vote
and would require that expense
vouchers be accompanied by a
statement of the committee
chairman that the investigation
involved was authorized and
conducted according to Senate
rules.
The committees report grew
out Of nine days of public hear
ings conducted in the nature of
a judicial inquiry without tele-
vision and the fanfare which ac-
companied the Army McC Carthy
investigation.
Senator Flanders introduced
the resolution of censure in
July after first asking the Sem
ate to strip Senator Mccarthy
OF his committee chairmanships.
Referred to Committee.
After three days of bitter
floor debate ending August 2.
the Senate referred the Flanders
resolution to the select COM
mittee with instructions that it
report on the charges before the
Senate adjourned finally for the
session.
In support of the resolution
Senator Flanders, Senator Full
bright, Democrat, of Arkansas,
and Senator Morse, independent,
of Oregon filed 46 charges, some
of them overlapping. against
Senator Mccarthy.
Following its appointment
August S, the Watkins committee
put s13 of the charges into five
main categories, as a basis for
the conduct of the hearings. The
other 80 of the original charges
were dropped.
Senator Mccarthy and his at
torney vigorously fought each
issue as it arose during the hear
ings. AS for the charge that he
had shown contempt for the
Senate and it's Elections sub
committee, the Wisconsin Re-
publican repeated his charge
that the subcommittee had is
sued a dishonest" report. He
and Mr.. Williams declared that
the subcommittee conducted IAN
| illegal and improper investiga-
ton" and that he could not have
been in contempt Of a group
acting without authority.
AS for the charge that he had
abused his Senate colleagues,
Evening star., 1954-09-27

Senator Flanders as "senile' and
said "they should get q man with
q net and take him to q good
quiet place."
The committee concluded:
THE remarks Of Senator Me-
Carthy concerning Senator
Flanders were highly improper.
The committee finds, however,
that they were induced by Sem
ator Flanders conduct in re-
spect to Senator Mccarthy in
the Senate caucus room and in
delivering provocative speeches
concerning Senator Mccarthy on
the Senate floor. For these rea-
sons, the committee concludes
the remarks with reference to
Senator Flanders do not consti-
tute a basis for censure."
The basis for the charge as
considered by the committee was
Senator McCarthy's remarks not
only about Senator Flanders but
also about Senator Hendrickson
and other members Of the 1851
So elections subcommittee.
The report pointed out that
the specific allegations against
Senator Mccarthy involving
Senator Hendrickson and other
members of the elections SUBJ
committee had been disposed OF
in the recommendations In
Category I.
The report said the evidence
showed that on June II, Senator
Flanders walked into the Senate
caucus room where Senator Nc
Carthy was ''testifying before a
vast television audience in the
Army McCarthy hearings and
Unexpectedly gave Senator Nc
Carthy notice of an intended
speech attacking Senator Nc
Carthy."
The report said shortly there
after Senator Mccarthy was
asked by the press to comment
on Senator Flanders intended
speech. This, it was pointed out
led to Senator McCarthy's COM
ments concerning the Vermont
Republican.