davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Steel Merger Ruling Awoited
Proposed Consolidation Of Bethlehem and Youngstown
Moy Have For-Reoching Effect on Nations Economy

Looked at from an economic
standpoint solely. the merger
OF the two companiesBethle-
hem and Youngstown-would
furnish q real competitor to
the q. s. Steel Corporation by
setting up q new national en-
terprise. Since Bethlehem has
plants on both the Pacific and
Atlantic coasts. the addition of
Youngstown's facilities would
enable the merged company to
have a Midwest as well as an
Eastern and Far Western op-
portunity to compete with ex-
isting steel companies in those
areas.
Ever since freight absorption
became the vital factor it is
today in the competition be-
tween steel companies situated
at a distance from the par
ticular market sought, the geo.
graphical location of plants in
different sections of the coun-
try has become of paramount
Importance.
While-if the merger took
place competition would be
eliminated as between Youngs-
town and Bethlehem, theo-4
retically there might be re-
duced costs to the public
through the consolidation OF
STATS, sales organizations and
skills. But this test has be-
come in recent years Of less Ina
portance to the Government
in shaping its policy toward
mergers as the fear Of lessened
competition has become of
greater concern.
The Department Of Justice
cannot actually prevent the
merger because only the courts
can decide whether the con-
solidation is in violation of the
letter or the spirit of the anti
trust laws. The negative state
ment, however. expected to be
issued this week by the De-
partment of Justice. is equiva-
lent to notice that any steps
taken to consummate the mer-
ger would be met with an ap-
plication for a court injunc-
ton. Since mergers are nan
died these days by an exchange
OF equity securities, the inter-
lection Of legal proceedings
would make difficult an imme-
diate effectuation of the
merger itself and for all prac-
tical purposes it would be held
in allegiance until the court
case. which might take months.
or years. is finally decided.
It is known that several of
the steel companies which
would be competing with the
merged company have ex-
Evening star., 1954-09-20

condescending tone was an ex-
ample.
Democrats report that they
now are detecting q feeling OF
disappointment with the Pres
ident, 9 feeling among many
former supporters that he has
let them down. that he has not
lived UP to the promise of his
dramatic appearance upon the
political scene two years ago.
In short, that the hero's halo
has. slipped slightly askew.
One prominent Democrat
here, a shrewda veteran Of
many campaigns. described the
attitude as one of being sorry
for the President. They still
like Ike" but are beginning
to be sorry for him.
Time will tell whether the
Democrats have correctly In
terpreted the mood Of our
people, or whether their anal
ysis may be colored somewhat
by wishful thinking. The pur-
pose here Is to report their
assumption. for it explains the
Democratic campaign tack. as
well as the confidence ex-
hibited at their meetings here
Of a victory of considerable.
proportions In November,s
congressional elections.
How this assumption viii
be capitalized by Democrats in
the campaign probably win
range from such q crack as
ives. made at one Of the ses-
sioh BY Representative Ray
Evening star., 1954-09-20

noticeably in Importance.
Publicity Director Clayton
Fritchey solved his Mitchell
problem by absorbing himself
in The Democratic Digest.
Mr.. Mitchell has worked
hard, himself, and he has run
a clean committee. His most
notable reform was an absolute
refusal to accept contribu-
tions in anything but the most
direct. personal and public
way. It didn't help the budget
but it greatly improved the
party's reputation.
Some of the aspiring Dem
ocrats believe Mr.. Mitchell has
worked against the interests of
any one who might threaten
Mr.. Stevenson. For example,
Senator Kefauver was not
amused by Mr.. Mitchell's fea-
turing of Governor Frank
Clement of Tennessee on
various occasions.
No one man has gathered
real strength as yet in the
struggle over Mr.. Mitchell's
successor. Mr.. Stevenson will
get important support from
leading Governors like Meyner
of New Jersey and from liberal
Senators of whom Monroney
and Fulbright are representa-
tive. He had been claiming
Averell Harriman's support but
it now looks as If Hartman
might be a Governor in his
own right, looking for his own
national chairman.
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Fletcher KnebeI
Potomac Fever

Ada Stevenson addresses big Democratic rally
Gratis they deserve vote their budget
can't be balanced-and they the first party prove It.
Agriculture Secretary Benson attends the national plow
ing contest Republicans Benson
didn't get plowed under once
Natives Tibet rebel against Red chinas occupation
forces Tibet country It's only against
Reds the yak America State Depart
ment uses yak-yak, $4 ss#e sess9Ss
Il A +
Democrats the hat dollars for Democrats" drive
They fair about this believe the Democratic
cries OF gloom and dooyou only have to give so cents
Europe happy again It's that
and Britain will West Germany against Russia
France will keep the by being mad at everybody
Democratic Congressman Kirwan says "capsive Of
big business As matter Of fact business
OF juvenile denquencyor has been the Democrats
favorite whipping boy
Russia claims new records in For the
st time IN Soviet history thanks to the miracles Of Communist
industry pushed plane equipped with
a chute
Evening star., 1954-09-20

Although these positions are
under Communist artillery fire,
the opinion In Washington lis
still divided on what the enc
my may intend to do this year.
But there is almost unanimity
that Peiping will attempt a
mass invasion within the next
10 months.
The decision on what to do
If the Reds launch q major
amphibious operation against
the Quemoy Islands is still q
military secret. But, according
to some sources, the Navy
would not hesitate to bring its
ships into play to destroy the
Red armada Of junks and am
phibious craft. The possibility
is seen that Russian SUBJ
marines might support such
an invasion. But our naval
commanders have handled
more difficult situations in the
Atlantic and Pacific against
far abler submariners than the
Russians.
The skill with which a cap
tain and his crew fight" their
ship is more important In naval
warfare than quality OF the
craft and numerical superior
ity. Mussolini'S navy, for in
stance. had the fastest and
best armed cruisers in the
Mediterranean. However, the
speed was used only to help
them get away from the older
and slower British men of war.
The unofficial position of
navy officers is that they "can
do the job" whatever the
higher authorities In WASH
ington may decide,. whether
around the Quemoys or around
Formosa.
The question has been raised
frequently in public and in the
Evening star., 1954-09-20

fear that would react against
them. So they say. in effect,
that it's too bad. but the Pres
ident's party just can't be de-
pended upon to do for him in
Congress what the President
needs, but that Democrats can.
Or, as former President Harry
S. Truman put it in message
to the Democratic National
Committees rally here over
the week end:
"It behooves the American
people. I think, to give Mr..
Eisenhower a Democratic Com
gress and hope that we can
save him from the misdeeds
of his own party"
How Democratic campaign
ers generally have been fol-
lowing the hands-off- -Eisen-
hover approach which their
former President has. in effect.
made official was revealed In
a check with party leaders
from all parts of the country
at the rally and work session
here. There are some few ex-.
ceptions. but Just enough to
prove the rule.
There is. however. an in
direct sort OF attack on the
President to which Democrats
are beginning to resort to At
in with what they believe
Is q slowly changing attitude
among many people toward
the President. As q matter
Of fact, ex-President Truman's
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Life in the u. S.
Life in the u. S.
candidates
Fight toDrow;
Fall OFF Lou
BY The Assoeiossd Press

OROFINO. Idaho, Sept. 2O.-
Two political candidates battled
to q draw Western lumberjack
fashion-in this little North
Idaho town yesterday.
Oracle Pfost. Idaho's Demo-
cratic Congresswoman, and her
Republican rival. Erwin Schwei-
bert. INDUCED in the old-time
logging sport called birling as
part Of an Orofino lumberjack
celebration. In birling two OPP
ponents get on a floating log.
start it revolving and attempt
to spin each other or.
Assistants held q log until
Mrs. Pfost and MIR. Schweibert
had assumed their best birling
position. then let go. The log
started rolling and the contest
ants started falling. They hit
Evening star., 1954-09-20

Governments high council as
to what the Navy would do II
the Red air force, which is con-
sidered eficient and ample.
were ordered into the battle.
Can surface vessels operate
without very serious risk In
such an eventuality? The an
swer given is that the Navy
could not stand for q long PEE
riod Of air attacks. But the
antidote to such an operation
is retaliation against the enc
my's airfields and land install \
lations. And 1t Is here that the
rub comes. ss
II we had been permitted to
use the air power we had In
Korea in 1850 there is little
doubt that the Red attack
which reeled the UN forces
back never would have been
successful. Fear Of interna-
tional complications gripped
our British and French allies
and also contaminated WASH"
ington.
viii the same fear prevail
again If the Chinese Comrau-
nists attack the remnants Of
Free China despite the clear
warnings that the United
States is committed to defend
that area? Or will the adj
ministration use every means
at its disposal to prevent an
other spectacular Communist
victory In Asia? A preliminary
decision on this matter is said
to have been made a week ago
at Denver. What it is, only
time will tell.
One thing Is certain, how
ever. # the order .'go" is given.
neither the Navy nor the Air
Force shows the slightest con-
cern as to the ultimate OUT
come.
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Dovid Lowrence

Less spectacular than some
Of the international and ma
tional happenings Of the last
few days. but far-reaching in
its possible effect on the eco
nomic system Of the United
States, Is the battle which has
been going on behind the
scenes inside the administra-
tion on whether or not to ap-
prove o proposed merger Of
the Bethlehem and Youngs-
town steel companies.
The decision tentatively
made by the Department of
Justice and submitted by At
torney General Brownell in
Denver to President Eisen-
hover several days ago was
not to approve the merger,
but the opportunity has been
afforded to lawyers for the two
steel companies to argue
the matter this week before
the DEPARTMENTS antitrust
division.
II the merger were to 60 into
effect 1t would mean that the
u. s.. Steel Corporation with
its 80 per cent Of the total
capacity In America and the
merged companies with about
10 per cent though In compe-
tition-would together have q
volume In excess Of so per
cent Of the industry. This
would mean 65 million out Of
100 million tons Of steel max
ing capacity per year.
Time. was when mergers
didn't matter much unless
some company by itself got
from 10 to 80 per cent Of the
annual volume of business.
The Supreme Court in de-
fining what Is or is not q
monopoly has never laid down
a mathematical percentage
rule. But in the domain of
politics there has been a steady
stream of criticism articu-
lated at congressional investi-
eating committee h hearings
against letting three or four
companies dominate an in
dustry though no one of them
had q monopoly.
This concentration of busi-
ness in the hands Of a few
companies has been called
"oligopoly" and the subject
has been especially agitated by
Representative Emmanuel Gel
Ter Of New York, Democrat.
who was chairman of the
House Judiciary Committee in
the previous Congress and
probably will get the same post
II the Democrats gain control
In the November congressional
election.
Evening star., 1954-09-20

Madden, the only Democrat in
the House from Indiana, a
rough-and tumble polite al
rabble-rouser from the steel
town Of Gary, to the polished
and indirect manner of Adlai
Stevenson in his address at the
$100-a-plate dinner here.
From Representative Madden
(criticizing the "give-aways"
Of the Eisenhower administra-
tom:
I'm not talking about Ike.
! don't think he knows what's
going on. Give him Q golf
stick and some balls and he's
on his way"
From A6lai Stevenson:
''The Republican party is
so split that 1t cannot pursue
consistent policies anywhere"
And, at another place: "But
the point Is that drift, division
and Decentralization have for
20 months obscured American
purpose. discredited American
leadership. and heightened the
perils and tensions In this
tense and perilous world at
home and abroad"
Evening star., 1954-09-20

pressed themselves to the Gov
ernment III unequivocal terms
as opposed to the merger.
Some have said that they
themselves would be compelled
to merge In self-protection II
the Youngstown Bethlehem
combination went through.
Certainly the Eisenhower adj
ministration. which has been
accused Of favoring big busi-
ness, Is on the spot politically
in the controversy, and 1t may
well be hereafter that console
dations which sponsors feel are
justified on economic grounds
viii be prevented because Of
political factors.
Certainly the whole merger
question in industries Of all
kinds will be directly or iI1di-
rectly affected by the final dis
position Of the proposed steel
merger. The auto industry, for
example, has in it a three
company domination Of the
market. but mergers are being
permitted among the lesser
units there In order to build up
more competition against the
Big Three. So the merger ques-
ton isn't all black or all white,
and the courts which do not
have to think about elections
can alone make the final de-
cision in the public interest.
This correspondent recalls a
conversation in 1852 in London
with Aneurin Bevan. spokes-
man of the radical wing Of the
British Labor Party, who said
after an evening of argument:
eyes, you have efficiency under
your American system, but you
of course have monopolies.
Now I don't object to monop-
olieS as such only I think the
Government should run them. "
So at one end of the ideolog-
ical road stands always the
spectre Of Government control
and statisn If the perplexing
questions Of monopoly and
competition are not satisfac-
torily resolved to achieve these
detectives: Maximum produc-
tive capacity to meet CONNER
cial demand and the needs Of
national defense; maximum
efficiency so as to give the
consuming public the maxi
mum benefit through reduced
prices: and the earning of a
reasonable profit out of which
to pay a fair return to inves-
tors and to build up the neces-
sary reserve fund for modern
ization, replacement and ex-
pansion Of plant capacity.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Doris Fleeson-
Fight Flares for MitcheIrs Job
Senators Ambitious for Presidency Seek to Replace
Chairman With One Not Committed to Stevenson

An immediate result of the
newly acquired Democratic
confidence Is the sudden fare
UP at indianapolis of the rum
ming battle for control Of the
national convention machin-
cry in 1855.
Stephen A. Mitchell, Adlai
Stevenson's choice as national
chairman, Is pledged to re-
sign after the fall election.
For some time Senators am
bilious for the Presidency have
been quietly cooperating to
replace him with some one not
committed to Mr.. Stevenson.
Last week end an Indiana
Democratic faction now out of
power was inspired to fish in
these troubled waters. It en-
Enthusiastically embarrassed Mr..
Mitchell and the ruling faction
by spreading stories that 1t
had been necessary to cut the
indianapolis $100-a-plate din
ner to $3.50 to get out the
crowds to hear Mr.. Stevenson.
"Purposely exaggerated" re-
torted Mr.. Mitchell.
Two angles made the story
more piquant. The outs were
led by former Truman asso-
ciates: his last national chair
man, Frank Mckinney, and
former national committee
man Frank McHale. The leader
Of the ins, Paul Butler. Mr..
McHale's successor on the ma
tional committee, is said to be
Mr.. Mitchell's choice for next
chairman.
Evening star., 1954-09-20

MIR. Truman has made a
point Of his loyalty to Mr.. Nc
Kinney. as usual. But the for
mer President says he will not
mix into national committee
politics and, Of themselves, Mr..
Mckinney and Mr.. McHale are
no present threat.
. The episode does clearly
show Mr.. Stevenson and Mr..
Mitchell that from now on
they can expect all kinds of
permutations and combina-
tions to be used against them.
There is no shadow of a
doubt that Mr.. Stevenson
hopes to be renominated. It
is hard enough for him to OPP
crate in the political vacuum
resulting from the fact that
he holds no Office now. It
would be a heavy blow il he
fails to keep the national COM
mittee in friendly hands.
No change Of chairman will
solve what has been Mr..
Mitchell's greatest problem
finances. He can not get big
money and has had to stage
the Embarrassing dinners which
offer SO much opportunity for
byplays like MIR. McKinney's.
The dinners have been on the
whole successful but a sub
stantial deficit remains.
He has also had trouble with
personalities in the committee.
The formidable India Edwards
abruptly took herself of and
the woman's division shrank
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Constantine Brown,
Confident OF Repulsing Red Invasion Of Fornosu
If There IS No .Dplomotc- Political Interference.

The Navy is confident 1t can
make rnincemeat out OF any
Communists attempting to land
on Formosa provided there is
no political diplomatic inter-
ference as there was In 1850
in Korea when United Nations
troops under Gen. Douglas
Macarthur reached the Yalu.
The possibility Of Soviet ma
val forces supporting q Red
Chinese amphibious operation
does not seem to worry our
admirals unduly. Their often
publicized concern over the
growing Soviet naval might is
q matter of the future. At
present, American naval power
can take care of whatever
forces the Reds may boast.
The Chinese Peoples Re-
public" has been advertisinN
for several weeks that For
mosa will be liberated The
bombastic statements Of Pre-
mier Chou En-lai and the in
Spired Broadcasts of the Chi
nese Communist radio have
been ably supported by Mos
cow.
Britain's Labor leader Aneu-
rim Bevan has publicly sup
ported the Communist claims.
Former Prime Minister Glenn
ent Attlee. in view Of his
position as leader Of the OPP
position (which in Britain in
wolves official responsibilities
was more moderate on leaving
Red China two weeks ago. He
expressed the belief that q ma
jor ASiatic conflict could be
averted by placing Formosa
under a United Nations trus-
teeship.
Saber rafting In the island
outpoSts of FormoSa continues.
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Thon1os L. Stokes
Thon1os [. Stokes
Election Spotlight on President
6 O. P and Democrats, Too Urge Election Of Congress
Thot Will Help Eisenhower With His Program

NDIANAPOLISOn Now
ember 2 we are electing 435
members Of the House Of Rep
resentatives, 80 Senators, nu-
merous Governors and many
local officials. But one man,
who Is not running for Office
this year. is getting the most
attention-and the most con-
sideration.
The peculiar situation in
which President Eisenhower
finds himself is that CAM
paigners of both parties are
urging the voters to elect a
Congress Of their party--in
order to help President Eisen-
hover to get his program en-
acted and do for our people
what needs to be done.
This cannot be called an un-
gsual course for the party In
power, the Republican party.
Except perhaps for q matter Of
degree, that Is. The great em-
phasis on the President-ex-
plotting his popularity to the
nth degree. virtually run
ming him in every districts
all because party leaders rec
ognize how much stronger he
is with the people than is the
party
For the Democrats the stress
on their help for the PreSi-
dent is somewhat unusual.
What 1t means. so far as they
are concerned. Is that they vet
are, afraid to attack the Pres
id1nt. himself. directly. They
Evening star., 1954-09-20

yesterday under the watchfuls
eye Of Police Inspector O. T.
Boner. 81
The first customer: "A red.
faced Inspector Boner, who re.
ported his son missing. Seems
young Tommy wandered OF
while father was supervising the
erection Of the booth.
Discovered 90 minutes later at
the midway. 6-year -old Tommy
explained to officers, Daddy gots
lost" @
Evening star., 1954-09-20

State admitted to the union
before 1912.
An act was passed by Con-
gress last year - Ohio's ses-
quicentennial year-admitting
the Buckeye State.
But DR.. Benjamin H. Persh-
ing says that before 1912,
when Louisiana was admitted,
Congress had not set a prece-
dent as to how a State should
be admitted. He maintains
Ohio did become a State in
1903 - according to policies
then followed.
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Thief Gets Collection

TOLEDO, Ohio, (P).-A thief
collected the $4,000 collection at
st. Marks Lutheran Church yes
terday. When the second morn
ing service was in progress.
some one broke open a locked
door and made off with q bulky
Evening star., 1954-09-20

canvas bag containing an es-
tmated $4,000 and also a cash
box with $500. Most of the
money was received in q special
anniversary collection. the Rev.
Rennix Van Scoy told police.
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Strange Discovery

LEXINGTON, KY, B.-
Here in the heart of the Bour-
bon whisky country and not
far from the mountain moon
shine country, officers made a
strange discovery.
They captured a still Sat-
urday and conf1scated a guam
tity of barley malt--the basic
ingredient of Scotch whisky.
Evening star., 1954-09-20

the water at about the same
time.
1T was good clean fun" said
Mrs. Pfost.
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Ohio in Union All Along

SPRINGFIELD. Ohio. (R--
A Wittenberg College history
professor says all the fuss and
bother Of admitting Ohio TO
the Union last year was un-
necessary because Ohio was
as legitimate as any other
Evening star., 1954-09-20
Daddy Gets Lost

NASHVILLE, Tenn. P-The
'lost children" booth at the
Tennessee State Fair opened
Evening star., 1954-05-20
Vukovich Prepared
For Qualifying Run
BY the Associated Press

INDIANAPOLIS, May 90
Bill Vukovich, 1853 winner of the
Memorial Day 500-mile auto
race, was back in business today
after engine trouble kept him
from qualifying for this years
contest in opening time trials
last week end.
A new engine was flown in
from Los Angeles and Wild Bill
was clocked unofficially at 1895
miles an hour yesterday a few
hours after it was installed.
Vukovich, who likes to lead
all the way, had planned to
shoot for the pole position that
goes with the best speed on the
first day of qualifications. He
had held that spot last year and
was never headed except during
stops for fuel nd tires.
A tiny hole in a cylinder wall
let water seep into the original
engine and put it out of busi-
ness.
Vukovich won't have much
chance to charge into the lead
on the first lap this year. Re-
CARELESS of his speed in this
week ends qualifications-and
he may challenge Jack Nc
Grath's track record of 141.033
miles an hour-he will have to
start back of the earlier quail
! fierS.
Evening star., 1954-05-20
Five Texas Aggie Gridders
Punished Over Secret Societv

football fortunes, had not been
contacted for comment.
Names of the students in
volved have not been announced.
President Morgan said the
penalties assessed graduating
seniors included deleting their
names from the list of candi-
dates for degrees and requiring
them to take final examination
next week and then leave the
campus.
The graduating seniors, Mr..
Morgan said. may apply at a
future date for degree clearance
Non-graduate students, the
president continued, were sus-
pended indefinitely. However,
he said they will be permitted
to finish out the present term,
which ends next week.
II am confident" Mr.. Morgan
said. that the TT organiza-
ton will not reorganize at a fu-
ture date because of the CO.
operation of the present mem
bership in providing the college
with the complete records of the
organization.