davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-11-12

tyranny OF an empire and the
skill Of Chinese workers" |" said
my guide unctuously.
The rewarding thing about
Communist guides Is you never
quite know what answers you
may get. A good deal of the
time they respond to casual
questions with: II regret, ] do
not know" which is at least
honest.
Then you get a nice quotable
statement like the one above.
Hopefully ! pursued the ques-
ton.
what empire?" II am afraid
! don't know he replied.
Since the day of Peking man
(whose fossilized bones were un-
covered near here on Dragon
Bone HID. human communica-
tions have improved somewhat.
-. Z ~
My companion. so conscientious
in packing sandwiches and ar
ranging a fathomless supply Of
tea. had forgotten that a library
Of books has been written about
this military secret.
100000 WOrkmen Used.
Two. thousand years ago there
were walls here, and then along
came Che Huang-ti, emperor of
the Tsin dynasty and founder Of
China's first imperial entity. He
decided to build a wall to dwarf
them all and keep the Mongols
on their own side of the fence.
They say he used TOO, 900 Grim
inals and political prisoners to
start the task, which shows times
have not changed.
The last Tartar to work on it
is supposed to have drafted l mil-
lion men to fill in the remaining
gap within 10 days. More than
half died on the job. This is
hardly surprising. Great blocks
Of stone had to be carried on
human backs up hillsides steep
enough to exhaust even a youth
full climber.
Today the national anthem of
New China contains these rous-#
ing words: Arise all we who re-
fuse to be slaves. With our flesh
and blood let us build our new
Great Wall"
This was something else my
government companion forgot to
mention. He had returned to
where the wall bridged the cara
van route and looked preoccu-
pied. 1t was necessary for him to
go down to the neighboring viii
Evening star., 1954-11-12
eeTHE EVENING STAR Washington. d. q
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 1854
from inside lhIn0
3 9
Newsmon Finds Great Wall
is Still q Military Secret

wider than an airport runway,
Here the Mongolian caravans
pierce it through ancient arches
and at the peak of every hill in
view stand great stone towers
from which the E emperorS'
guardians could dispatch their
mobile striking units at high
speed along the broad cobbled
road that tops the wall itself.
My Communist guide had to
check before giving its length or
its age. Every schoolboy learns
those facts. He, however, was
not going to disturb those mill
tary minds who have Labelled
the Great Wall confidential
ever since the day Mao Tse-
tung's 18th Route army took
possession.
His caution was more than
justified ! found, when ! chased
with a camera two nomadic
characters tramping down the
dusty road into Mongolia, with
pet monkeys loping along be-
hind. There Was a shout. a
khaki figure popped UP from a
small stone fort. and the Peo-
pies Liberation army was
launched into action before you
could say Chang Kai-shek."
Many have met worse fates
after saying those words. My
punishment was to come later.
At the time I waved cheerily to
the troops who retired in what
I trusted was bafflement and
confusion. What in fact they
retired to was a telephone con-
nection with Peiping.
Guide Answers Surprising.
labored meanwhile up the
Great Wall to the top of a hill.
Some local members of the trade
union of bus drivers munched
sandwiches there. The main
function of China's non-striking
unions seems to be the arrange
ment of excursions, and all
along the wall, such little groups
toiled up the steep stones, tiny
blue ants in their Sunday over
alls.
This wall reminds us of the
Evening star., 1954-11-12

lage. he said. All unsuspectingly,
sat on the roadside to wait.
Cricket Fighting Il sport.
There was lots of activity
mule trains came painting up the
hill, paused at the lower gate
and then plodded on beneath the
beautifully arched bridge. Long
freight trains whistled in the
valley below as they puffed along
the railroad to inner Mongolia.
Groups Of men and boys
trudged past with bamboo sticks
in hand. The sticks were split
at the top. and trapped there
were huge crickets. The insects
make good eating, but they also
provide sport. Two dropped in
a bowl and then tickled with
twigs become so enraged they
fight each other to the death.
1t must have been the warm
suns influence. the rural quiet
high In the Tai Hang hills and
the fact that was sitting on
stones assembled by human
hands before Christ was born.
At any rate this all seemed q
timeless scene and when a party.
of picnickers started to throw a
medicine ball around, I joined in.
One thing led to another. A
youngster began playing his
mouth organ. some Of the girls
wanted to sing, and then the bus
drivers rummaged through the
back of their truck (surely a
strange vehicle to choose for a
busman's holiday, and out came
a string violin, an accordion and
a clarinet. So it happened that
! found myself partnered with a
girl soldier of the Chinese Peo-
pies Liberation army in sort
of Chinese square dance. I shall
have to plead no defense if ever
the McCarthyites try to find me
guilty by association.
His Dancing Brings Laughter.
It must be said that the best
efforts to hide the charms of
Chinese girls in soldiers or other
uniforms never quite succeeded.
A pretty girl with long braids tied
at the ends IN red ribbon, a
smock and blue jeans bearing
two large patches in the seat
showed me the steps Of a COM
munal folk dance.
MY performance was greeted
with roars of laughter from the
gypsy characters who, coming on
this slightly fantastic spectacle,
Evening star., 1954-11-12
From Inside China
By WiIliom Stevenson

s&Copyrisht 1854, The Toronto star
Newspaper Seryice.)
ACHTNLUNGKIAO, China. -
qnce again a man with a long
Hpse and no Communist SYM
rathies stands on the Great
Wall of China. It is is years
Ss1ce local hillmen nudged each
other to see the immense nasal
dtgans Of Western travellers,
ahce OF course a Russian in a
comrade's cap is not fair game.
ssFrom the crests of these hills
Hong the Mongolian borders,
Evening star., 1954-11-12

Seventeenth Of series written under
- Red. promise Of no censorship.
Evening star., 1954-04-20
New Mountain Grows
After Volcano ExpIodes
BY the Assoeiufed Press

COMA, Belgian Congo.-A
new mountain is growing on the
border between the Belgian
Congo and the Belgian trust ter
ritory of Ruanda.
Recently the low saddle link
ing an extinct and an active
volcano-the Nyaragongo and
the Nyamuragira-blew up with
a bang that was heard so miles
around and flames started tC
shoot out of the hole. mixed
with ash and pumice. Lava
poured out and ran down the
mountain threatening an i'm
portant road. A few days later
the new crater started to build
new cone of cinders and hot
tones around the first hole.
Evening star., 1954-04-20
Iowa Man Sentenced
In Sports Bribe Case
Rx the Assoeiufesl Pres.


DES MONIES. Iowa. April 90
Floren DiPaglia, 27-year-old Des
Moines businessman, was sem
fenced yesterday to an indeter-
inmate term of up to 10 years in
prison on a charge of attempting
to bribe a Drake University bas-
ketball star.
DiPaglia's attorney immedi-
ately announced the case would
be appealed to the Iowa Supreme
Court. DiPaglia remained free
on $4,000 appeal bond.
It was the first case OF its
kind under a law passed by the
1853 Iowa Legislature to provide
punishment for bribery in an
athletic contest.
DiPaglia was convicted April
8 by a Jury of offering Ben Bum
Evening star., 1954-04-20

bry. former Drake basketball
star, money to. shave points"
on the Drake-Iowa State game
last December %.
The player testified he refused
the alleged December 18 offer
and promptly told police and
his coach about it.
DiPaglia. a building supply
firm executive. denied Offering
the player money. He said he
merely asked young Bumhry's
opinion on the outcome of the
game because he planned to
place a bet with a friend.
Evening star., 1954-04-20

&
said yesterday he would ask the
subcommittee to invite India to
send a representative "at an early
date to express her views" Sir
Pierson termed the Indian pro-
posal "very important.
The subcommittee is the out
growth Of a General Assembly
resolution Of last November %
and of a Berlin agreement of the
Big Four foreign ministers, an
nounced February 18. to "hold an
exchange of views" on diSarma-
ment. 1t is to report back to the
full commission by July Is.
Evening star., 1954-04-20
Indian Mission to Moscow

NEW DELHI, India, April 20
R.-Eighteen Indian women
will go to Moscow April "a on a
goodwill mission led by Socialist
Party leader, Mrs. Kamaladevi
Chattopadhyaya, the group an
nounced today. They will attend
Moscow's big annual May Day
parade,
Evening star., 1954-04-20
West Votes 10 Bar
Red China in Talks
On Disarmament
Nv The A..ocia,.d Press

UNITED NATIONS. N. Y.
April 20.-Spurred by the men
ace Of the hydrogen bomb, the
western powers prepared today
for new disarmament talks with
out knowing whether the Soviet
Union will take part.
The 12-nation U. N. Disarma-
ment Commission set up SUBJ
committee yesterday to start the
talks. in private, here Friday.
It adopted, 9 to /. a British
proposal naming Britain, Can
ada, France, the Soviet Union
and the United States to the
sub-group.
It rejected, 10 to /, a Soviet
bid to add Communist China,
Czechoslovakia and India.
Only Soviet Delegate Andrei
Y. Vishinsky voted against the
British resolution and for his
own amendment. Lebanon and
Nationalist China abstained on
the former. Lebanon on the lat
ter.
Warned of Difficulties.
Mr.. Vishinsky had warned be-
forehand that adoption of the
British plan, which he called
one-Sided, would create Difficult
ties for the Soviet Union as re-
CARDS its participation in the
work of the subcommittee"
Henry Cabot Lodge, jr.. of the
United States called this "a
thinly veiled threat to walk out
{. q thinly yelled threat to
torpedo the peace" Britain's s
Sir Pierson Dixon asked If Mr.
Vishinsky meant to sabotage ef-
forts to solve the disarmament
problem.
Sir PierSon was the last West
erner to talk with Mr.. Vishinsky
before the Russian left U. N
headquarters last night. A Brit
ish spokesman said he did not
learn whether the Soviets planned
to boycott the subcommittee.
Parties Questions.
When newsmen asked the So
Wet delegate whether he would
show up for the first meeting
Friday, MIR. Vishinsky said, Il dc
not understand your question. >
Before the vote he had said his
attendance ''will depend on the
circumstances"
India has given the commission
Prime Minister Nehru's pro-
poSal for an agreement to halt
hydrogen-bomb tests. Mr.. Lodge
Evening star., 1954-04-20
$13 Million Aid for IsroeI

The Foreign Operations Ad-
ministration yesterday allocated
$13 million for economic aid for
Israel in the final quarter of this
fiscal year. This makes the total
for the fiscal year $52.5 million.
Evening star., 1954-02-27

The Associated Press reports that
the Billy Graham Evangelical Associa-
ton put out calendar for distribution
in Britain during Mr. Graham's re-
ligious crusade which carried the quo
tation: When the war ended, a sense
of Illustration and disillusionment
gripped England. and what Hitler's
bombs couldn't do. socialism with its
accompanying evils shortly accom-
plished." OF course. British Laborites
gave vent to their displeasure in no
uncertain terms. Mr.. Graham and his
association then extended profuse apol-
ogies. It seems that the word socialism
was inadvertently used instead of
"secularism."
Whatever may have been the intent
OF the author Of the quotation. it was
historically accurate. 1t is well-knoWn
fact that the socialist policies of the
British Labor Party all but wrecked
the economy of Britain In response
to the earnest pleas of Mr.. Attlee, bill
lions of American tax dollars were OBJ
tanned with which the collapse of his
socialist government. like a house of
cards, was prevented. Reverend Billy
may be a champion convincer, but it
is a safe bet that he will not succeed
in convincing the British public that
it was lack Of religious faith and not
the American taxpayer which saved
Britain from financial and economic
chaos. Old ReactiOnary.
Evening star., 1954-02-27

Tired Of the annual hassle, Congress In 1853
passed a law giving permanent authority to the
District Commissioners to proclaim daylight
saving whenever they saw At. Under this au-
thority, the Commissioners wisely have made
the proclamation well in advance of the time
change, thus giving television and radio sta
tions, railroads, airlines and other interested
parties plenty of opportunity to prepare. Last
year there was widespread confusion because of
congressional dillydallying, which delayed the
start Of daylight time here until several days
after other large Eastern cities had started the
program
Congress showed good sense in voting to
leave the time decision hereafter to the folks
directly concerned-the people of Washington.
The Commissioners proclamation is in accord
with past evidence of the overwhelming prefer
ence of Washingtonians for daylight saving
when the days grow longer and warmer.
Evening star., 1954-02-27
This and That

"a man must eat peck of salt with
his friend before he knows him." said
Cervantes in Don Quixote."
That would work out to about a
million meals. the way Templeton Jones
uses salt.
Spain'S most famous writer cat least
in America) merely meant that one has
to really know friend before he knows
him.
A peck of salt is a peck of salt. The
way some consumers throw it into and
on their, food is enough to cause a
multitude of maladies, and does.
Bookstores today are full of volumes
on the salt-free diet, as it is called.
Salt is sodium, and sodium comes in
most foods. Milk is full of it. Even
though person uses no salt cellar, he
still might consume great deal.
Perhaps it would not take as long to
eat peck as one might at first think.
If all the salt in all the food eaten
could be measured.
Patients put on saltlesS diet COM
plain to their doctors. But food has
no taste without salt!"
The doctors do not say so. but it is
the patients fault If their food has no
taste without salt.
They have got into bad eating habits.
Templeton Jones. who is something of
. cook in his own right. believ that
Evening star., 1954-02-27
Worth Trying, at Least

AS a matter of law, it may be doubtful
whether the Public Utilities Commission will
be able to obtain an injunction restraining the
proposed financial moves of the Capital Transit
Co. AS long as there is any propect of success,
however, the commission should press its fight,
and press it vigorously.
The commission is charged with the duty
of seeing to it that the transit company renders
adequate service to the community. At the
moment, the company has two projects afoot.
1t proposes to draw on its cash and securities
bonds which are not due until 1864 If the COM
pany can do this, then it can use somewhat
more than So million of surplus for another
dividend melon cutting party. The second prof.
ect looks toward continuing the payment of div
1dends on 81 go annual basis this year. This
will mean a disbursement far in excess of the
company's current rate of earnings.
Quite UNDERSTANDABLE, the Public Utilities
Commission views these moves with suspicion
and misgivings For if they are carried through,
the cash position Of the company will be seri-
ously depleted. And If the transit company,
considering its earnings, Is to be free to deplete
its cash position, there is an excellent prospect
that, before long, it will be rendering inadequate
service to Washington, and possibly no service.
At any rate, the outlook is too serious for
the Public Utilities Commission to acquiesce
quietly in the proposed financial moves. It's
duty primarily is to the community, and it
would be remiss in its duty it, in this situation,
1t did not seek the aid of the courts.
Evening star., 1954-02-27

most Americans can't taste anything,
anyway.
Tobacco, for one thing, vitiates the
taste buds. Smokers have to throw salt
and pepper at their food in great guam
titles to taste it at all.
The taste of butter, for instance, is
one of the most delicate in the world
of foods.
It is questionable whether one who
smokes can taste butter at all.
Templeton Jones watched an as
sociate sprinkle Is sprinkles of salt and
16 sprinkles of pepper on one poached
egg.
Sprinkle" was a polite word for it.
Actually, each sprinkle was deliberate
throw, made with the snap of wrist.
The egg was completely covered with
condiment.
Templeton Jones has found that the
true delicate tastes of foods, especially
fruits and vegetables, are their own
best sauce.
To water them down with sauces.
as old-time cookery did, is to lose
the taste. and probably the vitamins.
The cooks Of yeSteryear didn't know
anything about vitamins.
Many Of them rather distrust vita
Minis even now. after years Of publicity
and speculation.
vitamins have no tasSa. at least as
Evening star., 1954-02-27
By Charles E. TroceweN

far as the eater is concerned. They are
chemical food factors which make us
tick, but we are unaware of them, un-
less we take the Synthesized ones in
capsules.
The person who thinks he cannot eat
without salt is probably right, but
Templeton Jones says that doesn't
mean to throw it on with lavish hand.
He claims that any one can try an
experiment:
Try going without added salt for
week.
The first day, he will think all foods
perfectly taSteleSs.
The second, the same.
But by the third or fourth day, he
will begin to realize that poached egg
does have taste all it's own.
Even if he does not give up salt en-
tirely, as would not be desirable except
on doctors orders, he will discover that
he can use a great deal less salt than he
did hitherto.
Today's American no doubt eats
much more sugar and salt in year
than is good for him. He would get
the same eating experience if he cut
down on both, but he would have to
use a little will power and determine
ton. He would find he would know
his friends, too, just as well after half
a peck. as aNer a peck Of salt.
Evening star., 1954-02-27
DST-Without Orotory

There Is nothing especially newsworthy
about the fact that Washington will 90 on
daylight-Saving time again this year, beginning
April Is. The city has been making the most
of "fast time" for good many summers. There
is real news however, in the fact that, on the
first occasion since daylight time was adopted
for Washington, the decision to reinstitute the
plan was not preceded by outbursts of debate in
Congress on the merits of daylight saving,
particularly in rural areas.
Year after year these debates had been
wasting the time of Congress and ofttimes they
had complicated timekeeping here by delaying
the advent of daylight time Each year Con-
greSS finally would pass an enablingsact, good
for tksat year only That is until last year.
Evening star., 1954-02-27
Bonn and the EDC

In keeping with Chancellor Adenauers fer
vent recommendations the BundeStag-the
lower house of the West German Parliament
has given a striking and highly significant
response to Soviet efforts to "neutralize" Ger
many and force the scrapping of the projected
Sx-naton European Defense Community.
The response, which has come as a swift
reaction to the Kremlin'S negativiSm at the
recent Berlin conference, has taken the form
of an overwhelming vote 1894 to 144) in favor
of constitutional changes insuring West Ger
many'S full participation, militarily and other
wise, in the EDO. In effect, since the changes
are certain to meet with similar approval in the
Bundesrat (the upper house,, the vote virtually
guarantees an end to the legalistic objections
that have been raised against the decision of
the Bonn Federal Republic to join France, Italy
Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg in
organizing an internationalized army for the
defense of free Europe.
This decision was reached last May when
both houses of West Germanys Parliament
ratified the EDO treaty. But the formal compile
tion of the ratification process has been held up
by the German Socialists with suit filed in the
Federal Republics supreme court in an effort
to have the whole enterprise declared uncon-
Stitutional. The changes that have just been
approved, however, specifically affirm the
treaty's conStitutionality and authorize the
Bonn government to arm 100000 soldiers for
service in the yet-to-be- organized European
army. AS result DR.. Adenauer expects that
the court will be convinced that there is no
valid basis for further consideration of the
legal challenge now before it,
But it is not only for this reason that DR..
Adenauer has SO ardently and successfully ad
vocated these constitutional changes. He has
been motivated by yet more important fact
the fact, as stressed in his stern warning to the
Bundestag. that the Berlin conference has
demonstrated beyond doubt how imperative it
is for West Germany and its free neighbors to
pool their military resources in the European
Defense Community in order to cope with the
menace Of massive Soviet armed power lodged
deep in the heart of the continent. What he
has said on that score applies not only to his
own country but to all the other signatories of
the EDO treaty.
OF these signatories, only the Netherlands
has followed Bonn's ratifying lead. The four
others have yet to take the necessary action,
and until France does so the entire project will
remain inoperable-the way the Kremlin wants
it. What must be hoped for, in the circum-
stances, is that West Germanys fine example
will serve as a prod against further parlia-
mentary delays in Paris.
Evening star., 1954-02-27
"HOme-BreW.'

that the welfare of the satellite peoples
never was the Kremlin's concern, nei-
ther does fear prevent it from granting
them gradually increasing Self-rule
The satellite area IS in the process of
being built under tightest Soviet con-
troll into one huge armed bridgehead
from which the leaders of the Com.nu-
mist conspiracy intend to direct the Red
advance into Western Europe-by po-
litical subversion, economic maneuver.
ing, or worse.
Furthermore. we have to accept the
fact that the satellite peoples would be
the last to derive any advantage from
greater trade and acceptable aid
all their eventual future business profits
and supplies being in advance mort
gagged to their Unsuitable big brother
and beneflting but his enormous arma.
ment effort.
Indeed, the Kremlin has nothing to
gain by relaxing its rule over the sat-
elites. 1t calculates that a couple Of
peaceful decades will suffice to turn
those peoples through continued ruth
less pressure into Communist automa-
tons-and $4,000. .000-odd enemies of the
West.
In this perspective. the American pre-
occupation with the satellite problem
deserves to be viewed as a matter of
enlightened self-interest rather than of
unrealistic sentimentality.
Central European Refugee.