davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01

the last war. Yet the Ankara
government replied to Moscow's
threatening notes, accompa-
MED by a maSsing Of Red divi.
sions, with Come and take
uS!"
The weak and poverty
stricken Iran resisted the So
viets in 1916 when the Red
troops we're at the gates of Te-
heran with an appeal to the
United Nations. Thanks to our
strong support. the Russians
had to withdraw. Twice since
that time Iran has been al
most taken over by the u. S. S.
R. A small but effective Com
muniSt Party was close to es-
tablishing itself in power. Yet
at the 18th hour the Iranian
people. and particularly the
wild" tribesmen, resisted these
attempts.
Pakistan with it's IS mil
lion inhabitants has not yet
been threatened by Moscow in
the same direct manner as
Turkey and Iran. But the
Karachi government feels the
hot breath of the Red colossus
and does not mean to sur
render as some other unfortu-
nate countries have done.
None of these three Middle
Eastern countries has any
ideas or ambitions of terri
torial ACKNOWLEDGMENT. But
neither do they want the
U. S. S. r. or any of her present
or future satellites in Asia to
expand at their expense. They
have been urging Washington
to do something to help them
defend their freedom. They
want to Join forces with Tur-
key which already has a re-
spectacle military establish
ment. And they urge the
United States to provide them
with the necessary material
and advisers to help them fol-
low the Turkish pattern.
Not only Middle Eastern
military men but many Amer
lean strategiSts believe that if
there is another war it Will
be fought not in Europe but
on the plains, mountains and
valleys of Asia in that vast
area between the Black Sea
and the Pacific.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01

corrective. But they warn
against "complacency" which
seems to describe the ostrich
like pose of some Republican
leaders.
Furthermore, if these same
hush-hushers would take the
trouble to read the Presidents
Economic Report they would
find that his economic advisers
who drafted it are frank
enough about what has hap
pened. They tell in detail of
it's ramifications and effects.
They confess some mistakes,
notably the tight money"
policy that had to be modified.
But. more than that, they
reveal that several months ago
the administration sent out
instructions to all departments
to prepare lists of public works
that could get started quickly
in case the "readjuStment"
didn't readjust. And the Ad-
miniStration has recommended
a program that includes about
every sort of stimulant and
booster for the economy which
economists have devised and
the national Government has
used since we went into that
awful tail spin in 1929 and
found that prosperity wasn't
Just around the cerner," as
we were told, nor could wish
.ng make it so.
The boosters include old-age
pensions and unemployment
insurance, which the admins
tration would broaden and
fortify to make them more
effective cushions; extension
of the minimum wage to mil
lions not now covered and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01

spot to fill: they just aren't
counting on him.
An existing situation makes
it possible that some Of labor's
dissatisfactions with their role
in the new administration may
be aired very shortly in the
Senate.
One Albert C. Beeson. an
official of the Food Machinery
and Chemical Corp. of San
Jose. Calf. has been nomi-
mated by the President as a
member of the National Labor
Relations Board. His nominal
ton was reported to the Sen
ate by a straight party vote of
7 to 6 from the labor commit
tee and consideration Of it
was scheduled for tomorrow.
Chairman Smith of the
committee has now requested
that action be postponed so
that Mr.. Beeson can go back
and explain to the committee
some of mis- testimony about
his relations with his COM
pany. Democrats contend that
he is a company man" and n
San Jose newspaper. The Mer-
curry, which strongly supported
Gen. Eisenhower. mas said Mr..
Beeson planned 10 return to
his job in a wear or two.
What Republicans are learn
ing also from a careful scru-
tiny of the committee testi-
mony, not yet published, is
how Mr.. BeesOn happened
upon the horizon here. It
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
David Lawrence

None of the proposals adj
vanced either by the oppo-
nents or proponents of the
Bricker amendment to the
Constitution has really come
to grips with the fundamental
isSue-how the people of the
United States may be safe
guarded against becoming in
volved without their consent
in commitments that could
mean the sacrificing of their
youth in war.
The Bricker amendment
doesn't begin to meet the real
abuse that has arisen in the
last quarter of a century
the tendency of the Chief
Executive to refuse to submit
to the Senate for ratification
or rejection the agreements he
has made with foreign gov
ernments. Nor does it meet the
objection raised for decades in
the past that a small minority
in the Senate can block ratifi-
cation of an all-impurtant
treaty when the necessary
two-thirds vote for ratification
is lacking by a narrow margin
of one or two Senators.
Amid all the controversial
statements that have been is
sued on the subject by both
sides. it seems strange that
the same protection against
abuse of power afforded the
people of Canada. our next
door neighbor. is not being
offered to the American peo-
pie. There are some oppo-
nentS of the Bricker amend
ment. for example. who drgue.
in effect, for dictator in for
eign affairS-a President who
can operate in the realm of
AOA CAS4 RO4ANy A1tAAuAAAHC1CN,
as they call it, but actually
unchecked at all by the peo-
pies legislature.
What is happening, nf
, course, is that the American
system of government. which
never was seriously challenged
as to its effectiveness in the
handling of matters of foreign
policy until recent years. has
suddenly proved unavoidable in
an atomic age because of the
separation of the Executive end
legislative branches of Govern
ment. Instead of a RESPONSE
BILE" Government-one that is
directly responsible to the peo-
pie at all times-the United
States has what some his
torians have described as an
irresponsible" system.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01

If there is speculation it is
over estimates of supply and
demand. Because of weather
conditions the supply is shorter
than normally, but the Specu-
lators are betting that regard
less of price the demand will
not fall so substantially as to
wreck the market-that what
ever decline there may be in
consumption will be marginal
and profitably Offset by in
creased price.
In short, coffee growers and
dealers are specializing upon
the behavior of people, espe-
cially upon the behavior of the
American people. who are the
worlds largest consumers of
coffee.
Coffee has become a staple
Of the American diet. One
hundred and sixty million
Americans consume it at the
rate of about 1877 million
pounds per month. or nearly
2.25 billion pounds per year.
Why do they? Because they
like it. and out of habit. which
determines so much of what
We eat and drink. Nobody
needs to drink coffee; nobody
pretends that it contributes to
nouriShment. Regardless of
price, we don't feed it to our
children, because we believe
caffeine is bad for them
though. perversely. we do allow
them to absorb quantities of
cola drinks.
At the birth ofs Nation,
we, like our British ancestors,
were inveterate tea drinkers.
When our British governors
put a tax on tea Thereby
raising its price,, there was
no sense in asking the Gov
eminent to intervene, because
the Government was the cul-
prit. But American patriots
interviewed and dumped a
shipload of tea into Boston
harbor. That would not have
accomplished much if move
ment had not spread to stop
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
Republican Labor 7 rOub|es
Unions Aren't Counting on Mitchell; Beeson Selection
Expected to Draw Democratic Fire Shortly in Senate

seems that NLRB Chairman
Guy Farmer told him about
the existing vacancy on the
board and urged him to go
out and get it.
Mr.. Farmer is a former law
associate of Mr.. Humans for
mer Secretary of Defense.
Louis Johnson Mr.. Beeson's
company is a client of that
Office which is how the Farm
ericsson acquaintance came
about.
The club atmosphere thus
attached 10 the nomination is
receiving the close attention
of the Senators who will be
expected t. defend it. 1t is
understood that Mr.. Beeson
wants to talk to the commit
tee about it some more. too.
Democrats declare that in
the past board members have
been drawn neither from labor
nor business but from oEjec-
tive sources that could have no
special interest In the job.
They plan to talk quite a lot
about the nomination from
every point of view.
Republicans cautiously ad-
nit the situation needs "clari-
fication." One more candid
than the others suggests that
the best Qualification of all
would be withdrawal Of the
nomination. arguing that his
party cannot profit from OPEN
ing up a debate on labor top
les.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
Fletcher Knebei-
Potomac Fever

The Democrats head
The dinners will honor the anybody they
don't speak to after they leave the hail.
You thing James Roosevelts race for
Congress-heu ask for a
There Senator Bcker whom treaties sicker
and Sicker He blamed them Truman others inhuman
and promptly stabbed Ike all the quicker.
Republican bigwigs will hold 81 so supper Washing
ton Friday That's so cents for the boxand 81 for the
Democratic Chairman Mitchell twoweek of
West The Democrats have formed kind loyal opposition
They're loyal to Ike-and opposed to anybody who isn't
The Byrd committee reports $4,000 foreigners United
States payros abroad The idea that if friends
abroad busy they won't find much time dislike
IayS third government in six months falls. We
transitions smoothly In
Democratic Party the Republican Party-to
party.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
Bricker Debate IS Revealing
Recent Tendency Of Presidents Withhold Foreign Pocs
From Senote Under!ines Weaknesses in Constitution

agreement" and a treaty.
When an executive is afraid
the Senate will noS ratify. he
usually calls it an executive
agreement" and doesn't submit
it to the Senate. The late
President Roosevelt and his
successor, Mr.. Truman. never
submitted the Yalta agree
ments to the Senate. Indeed.
many of them were kept secret
long time. and yet those
agreements changed the course
of history in the Far East and
may have led to the Korean
War in which 100000 Ameri-
can casualties were suffer I'd.
Sometimes. as a result of
presidential inaction. obliga-
tons are piled up which be-
come so entangling that Con-
gress is subsequently compelled
to enact legislation to carry
out those obligations or place
the United States in the posi-
ton before the world of having
repudiated the signature of its
President.
To this day the rest of the
world thinks the United States
WEIGHED on its signature when
the Senate refused to ratify
the Versailles treaty. creating
the League of Nations. which
President Wilson signed at
Paris in 1919. The Senate
acted unwisely but within it's
constitutional right to reject
a treaty failing to get a two
thirds majority.
There would be no such trag-
ic consequences if all treaties
and agreements had to be sub
mitted to a majority vote OF
both houses coincident with
the signing of such treaties and
agreements or within a brief
specified interval. Unless some
safeguard like this is provided
and the Bricker amendment
does not cover such a contin-
gency-the only other way to
protect the American people
against the arbitrary action
of the President or the Con-
gress is to provide a parlia-
mentary method like that en-
joyed by Canada. which GER
tainly has one of the most
stable governmental systems in
the world. The debate over
the Bricker amendment should
be welcomed-it opens the eyes
of the people to some con-
spicuous weaknesses in the
Constitution.
Reproduction Rights Reseryed.l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
Life in the u. S.
Life in the u. S.
Heat Wave
TiesUp Traffic
For 3Hours

LOS ANGELES, Feb. 1.-The
weather, auto engines and tenn
pers were hot in Cahuenga Pass
yesterday.
Police blamed a king-Size traf-
flc jam on the Cahuenga Freeway
on vapor lock-a type of engine
failure due to overheating
Traffic was stalled for nearly
three hours. The mercury
reached Sc here, SO in San
Gabriel.
Police said it works this way:
One car stalls. hating the flow
of traffic. The drivers behind
allow their engines to idle. the
engines become overheated-
vapor locks
Twenty-four policemen. striv-
ing sweatily to unscramble the
mass of cars, even carried water
in buckets to pour over steaming
engine manifolds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
Doris FIeeson-

The Eisenhower adminiStra-
ton is still floundering in the
labor field. Furthermore, its
chances of being able to re-
pair its labor fences before
the congressional elections next
fall are remote. 8
Labor leaders frankly say
they can't get up any steam
about the Taft Hartley revi-
sions proposed w the Presi-
dent. They say that tough
fight would inevitably be re-
quired for any TIL changes.
especially in the House, and
that the Eisenhower changes
are not worth their while. In
stead. they will concentrate
their money and time on the
coming elections.
Labor is also fretful about
the Presidents anti-recesSion
policy. Gen. Eisenhower is
not attempting to treat local
outbreaks of unemployment
but is waiting for a trend.
Labor leaders sardonically
raise the question of who has
to be hurt by a trend before
the President moves.
Actually they would not be
as fearful if they felt they had
real friends and spokesman
close to the President, but they
don't. The new Secretary of
Labor, Mr.. Mitchell, does not
appear to them as a champion
worthy Of the steel of Secre-
tary of Commerce Weeks. They
admit Mr.. Mitchell has a hard
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
Thon1os [. Stokes
What's Wronq With To|kinq?
Pretending Everything is Right Won't Halt Recession;
President Adopts Attitude Of Speaking Out Plainly

increase in the minimum Of
those now covered; improving
credit facilities for home
building and modernization; a
highway program; revision of
tax laws. especially to help
small business, and many other
ways and means.
There is no reason why we
should have a recession of any
consequence. We learned a
great deal from the big de-
preston of the early 193O's
and buttreSsed our economy
with all sorts of anti-depres-
sion safeguards. The President
is surrounded by experts who
are familiar with this mech
aniSm. including fiscal policy
and its uses. If we used them
IN time. we should be able to
ward off any economic dis
tress. Walter Reuther put it
concisely and aptly when he
spoke up in reply to criticism
of the CIO for warning of
a recession. He said:
Name calling won't solve
our economic ills. Constructive
programs will"
This reporter has learned
from f1rst-hand observation of
Washington in recession" and
depression" that you can't
either talk the country into
one, or out of one. You never
heard such fancy talk as came
from the Hoover administra-
ton back in 1929 and 1890
but the thing wouldn't listen
and wouldn't go away. Then,
on the other hand. there were
all those dire predictions from
Government economists a year
or so before the Second World
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01

There would be no need of a
debate about a Bricker amend
ment today If the United
States had a parliamentary
system of government wherein
the executive and legislative
are merged so that both are
responsible to the people, who
can at any time dissolve a
legislature or remove 6 prime
minister.
What has been lost sight Of
by both sides in the contro-
versy over the Bricker amend
ment are these basic prin-
ciples which none of the pend
ing proposals would remedy:
l. A President of the United
States is under no obligation
contained in the Constitution
to submit any international
agreement or treaty to the
Senate at a particular time.
He can wait a month or four
years and his successor can
continue indefinitely to ignore
the ratification process of the
Senate.
2. A President of the United
States is not limited as to his
right to send the youth of the
Nation into war instantly -
which, of course, is a good
thing in, case of a direct attack
on territory of the United
States. but there is no require
ment in the Constitution that
he must then submit his action
for approval or disapproval by
both houses of Congress. Also.
there is no provision of the
Constitution which bars the
President from ordering our
military forces into action to
protect some other country
that is attacked if he vaguely
deems it to be in the national
interest.
3. No obligation is written
into the Constitution requiring
that the elected representatives
of the people in both houses
of Congress shall vote to ratify
or reject international agree
mentS and treaties that in
volve commitments which
could lead to the use of our
armed forces. Yet the Con-
stitution specifically says that
both houses of Congress alone
have the right to declare"
war.
4. No definition is provided
by the ConStitution-or by any
Supreme Court Interpretation
which tells clearly the differ
ence between an executive
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01

War ended that it would be
followed by one awful setback
But there was none.
Another thing this reporter
has learned from watching
economic phenomena from
here is that there is an element
in Congress which refuses to
be concerned or to take the
initiative when the economy is
maladjusted. but relies on
natural forces" to assert
themselves. This element is
represented among those who
today are loath to act. and
Shush those who want to act.
If they prevail in Congress,
then we could get into a recess
sion from our current eco
nomic reimbursement"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
Fun at the Dentists

DENVER (P,.-The Denver
Dental Association, prying and
probing the molars of some 400
orphans. tried new means today
+ of making the experience less
painful to the children: Comic
books.
Prepared by the American
Dental Association, the comics
relate the adventures of Dare
devil Davey in trapping such
evil characters as Sugar
Sweets" Punk Diet" Lazy
Brusher" and Hap Hazard"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
Thomas L. Stokes

II you'll take it from a gray
beard without the beard who
saw and heard what was done
and said here in Washington
in a minor depression u92D.
a whopper of a depression
u929-35) and couple of re
cessions Q937-38 and 194Y:
Pretending that nothing is
wrong, when something plain
ly is. won't help. Nor, on the
other hand, is it unpatriotic
to holler that something is
wrong, even if you holler too
loud and long and stretch the
truth. That's just an old
American custom.
Some Republican political
leaders, among them Chair
man Leonard w. Hall of the
National Committee and
Speaker of the House Joe Mar
TIN, seem 70 suspect some
dastardly political plot in talk
about recession" or read
justment" or whatever name
you prefer. You just shouldn't
mention such things. This is
not to say that you may not
find a political motive in some
of the comment from patiently
political figures on the Demo-
cratic side who are warning of
recession" or REIMBURSEMENT"
or whatever name you prefer.
There is inconsistency in the
shushing attitude taken by
some Republican leaders in
that the President himself,
and his Council of Economic
Advisers spoke plainly about
the current economic read
justment" in the recent eco
nomic report to Congress. They
think 'tl: be brief and self.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
Profitable Accident

CHICAGO (P.-Police said to-
day they had evidence-a piece
of a 1853 Buick bumper and blue
paint chips-that an auto moved
down six parking meters.
What is more, they added, the
driver apparently looted the coin
boxes of each ter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
Good Excuse?

5000 Excuse!
INDIANAPOLIS R.-
Bonnie Hatchett. 40. Indiana
polls. thought he had a good
excuse for hitting a car and
skidding into another early
yesterday.
Mr.. Hatchett said he
couldn't drive very we'll be-
cause a woman had just
stabbed him eight times at a
party.
Police took him to General
Hospital, saying he'd have to
answer later to charges of
reckless driving and disobey-
ing a traffic light.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
U. of Nd. Fraternity Boil

The University of Maryland
1nter-frate:nity Council will hold
its annual ball at 9 pm. Thurs
day in the Shoreham Hotel.
Music will be provided by Tex
Beneke and his orchestra.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01

buttons from an unlocked safe
at the ST. Augustine Catholic
Church yesterday. The money
had been collected during
morning masses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-02-01
$500 Stolen From Church

KALAMAZOO, Mich. (P).
Thieves stole between 5000
and $500 in church contri-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-04-11

SAW, 7-h.p. McCelloch chain saw
assortment Of blades and chains
cost 5000. sell for $500. Picks
shovels and rakes. 81 each. Alst
complete tree equipment. power
i fsn. L 1oT sa4t a9d so-ineh e miY
sAW-craftsman. Jig. OIL. 4-6317,
SAWS electric circular saw, 8-inct
Sears, peri. cond., used very little
with 1a1h.p. Westinghouse motor
and stand. Price. $50. KIRSON's
PHARMACY CT 4s19 Ga. ave. NV
SAVE In. Porter Gable, portable
cable, blades, dado to 2 in. lik'
ave. NV, sat, 1875. All SUN.
Sow aVs.r saw hot siR Blade. cra assa
than II hrs. See anytime. 500
SAW. LATHE, DRILL. SHOP SMITH
new: reasonable. Complete. Lo, 4
saw and M-h.p. motor. like new,
2.9505: 1922 23rd pl.. Hyatts-
SAWS Avs A MS WOODWORKING roofs
prices while they last: saws. SIS. 9i
up; new straight-line Dremel
sanders in stock, metal-workins
lathes; 20e6 of on floor samples;
new parking lot, now open. ELEC-
TRIO EQUIPMENT CO.. 2473 Sher-
man ave. NV.
ISAXOPHONE, Selmer alto, with case;
! brand new latest model, with T
sharp key; irst $3.50 takes it. XII
SCREEN Screen 4-panel oriental silk; per
feet condition. JU. 5-9776.
4-i$34. RUcKER LUMBER.
SECT. SOFA, foam rubber, new cost
$500, sac. $145; Hollywood bed,
sE ESShMsr RisrSai lamp co; 5oS60
sole sole mo node SELDOM Sa7 Used must sell
SEWING MACHINE. Singer feather
weight portable and attachments In
carrying case; excellent condition
cost $I60. priced $50. Phone
SEWING MACHINE, electric console
$50. INQUIRE At 1901 Dashiell I'd.
P p,s Ro Ghsr Sf1 Bel-Air DEVELOPMENT
SEWING Nv MACHINE. Singer. rounc
bobbin, portable; reverse; attach
ments. Sacrifice. RIA. 3-1O72.
SEWING MACHINE, WESTINGHOUSE
cleo. console. $45: also Coldspot
refgr., $40; both excel. cond. KE
SEWING MACHINE. Royal, port. cleo.
has fwd. and reverse stitch, darns
monograms. attachments; cost 5000
s liks sey' SS SSi Ri 29 MSn. and
Tuesday: brand-new round bobbin
portable; was $3.50, now 500. so;
others $3.50 up. 1912 Lee hwy,