davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Dorothy Thompson

The opening of the school
year has raised very serious
problems for local school
boards, teachers. parents, and
students in those parts of the
Nation affected by the Supreme
Courts decision reversing pre-
vious rulings that equal edu-
cational facilities must be pro-
vided for white and colored
students in public schools, and
declaring segregation to be
unconstitutional.
In Milford and Hampden,
Del, and in Baltimore, fights
have reached violent proper
tions. In Baltimore, a mob
demonstrated against Negro
students before a high school.
The principal told the Negroes
that if their parents wished
them to go home they would
be excused, and 10 of the IA
who had attended-out of So
who were eligible-took advan-
tage of the offer. The 10 had
to be escorted from school by
police, among the insults of
demonstrators, and the four
who remained were beset as
they left, one Negro boy being
punched in the face.
Milford, it is reported, has
returned to normal" .ftef
Evening star., 1954-10-06

a slogan. They are finding
that the Eisenhower program
in their hands lacks political
sex appeal. Some of them.
along with Vice President
Nixon, are taking the pitcher
of subversion to the election
we'll again. They aren't sure
it will work.
The President and Vice
President will make a coast
to-coast telecast Friday from
a Colorado G. o. P. rally. They
will be eagerly wached coast
forecast for new clues and
fresh inspiration.
Their appearance is a sweet
break for Colorado Republi-
cans, whose big State names
are not on the ballot this year
while those of the Democrats
are. Gov. Dan Thornton, the
Presidents close soma !
friend, decided he must re-
turn to his private affairs.
Senator Eugene D. Millikin, a
Senate powerhouse and a
marvelously humorous cam
paigner, is not up and has
not been well.
1t. Gov. Gordon Allott is
the G. o. P. candidate for the
Senate and State Senator Don
aid G. Brotzman inherited the
nomination for Governor.
They confront a ticket
headed by Big Ed Johnson-a
former Governor, now Sen
ator, whose wife wearied Of
Washington and made him
come home. Big Ed is a
famous vote-getter and he has
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Constontne Brown
Dulles New Undersecretory
Herbert Hoover, Jr., Brings New and Fresh Outlook
To Stote Department.; His Success in Iran Recalled

cause the fields and the Aba
dan refineries had ceased to
produce, as because of the po-
litical implications in the in
ternal crisis in Iran.
From the end Of the war
the Soviets had a covetous eye
on Iran. It looked until a year
ago as if the Reds long cher
ished dream of getting the
upper hand in that country
might be fulfilled.
When Herbert Hoover, jr.,
stepped into the picture 1t ap-
peared he had accepted a
hopeless task. 1t was his first
excursion in diplomacy and he
had no ambition to become a
Government official. But he
accepted the job at the request
of the White House and Secre-
tary Dulles.
Mr.. Hoover worked with such
tact and common sense that
within a few months. he
brought together the two wide
ly separated sides in the dis
pute. A just agreement, help
ing the Iranians as well as the
stockholders of the Anglo
Iranian Oil Co., was thus
reached and one of the most
explosive situations in the
Middle East was settled. All
this thanks only to one man
who had never tried his hand
at international problems.
From the time Of the IRAN
ian settlement, Mr.. Dulles had
his eye on Mr.. Hoover for his
No. lieutenant.
Undersecretary Walter Be-
dell Smith had decided to re-
tire for a more lucrative and
less exacting position in pri-
vate industry. He had been a
staff officer rising to the rank
of lieutenant general; he had
been the director of our top
intelligence outf1t-the Gen.
tral Intelligence Agency-and
he had been Undersecretary Of
State.
There were frowns among
a number of State Department
officials and among Gen. Eli
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Thomas L. Stokes
Odd Campaign in New Mexico
Hondsho<ing Caravans in State Where Cows Outnumber
People Include One Candidate Who Admits He's Losing

politically. He is the first
Republican Governor of New
Mexico in a quarter of CEN
tury. He surprised everybody
when he got elected in 1850.
He was reelected in the Ell
senhower landslide. though
Democrats won other con-
tests. including the two men,
bers of the House in WASH
ington who are up for
reelection this year-Repre-
sentatives John j. Dempsey
and Antonio M. Fernandez.
The Governor is a plain and
friendly fellow who has prob
ably shaken more hands and
knows more folks in this State
than any politician in its his
tory. These are his chief
assets, and it is on these that
he is capitalizing. with no
pretense of tackling his very
knowing opponent on the big,
controversial issues of these
complex times. He seems to
be trying to smile and hand
shake his way into the U. s.
Senate.
That has happened before.
So Clint Anderson is taking
no chances. He is making the
rounds of New Mexico's towns
and villages, it's barbecues and
fiestas. He, too, goes up and
down the main streets shak-
ing the hands of all and sun
dry. like a New Mexico Estes
Kefauver. He emphasizes To-
cal issues, telling what he has
done in Washington for the
people here in the small ways
that are important.
All of this has its part in
Gov. Mechem's truth" 1t is
true that Senator Anderson
is ahead. If we take the word
of the best informed politi-
cally and the evidence of polls
and. beyond that, he should
be ahead on election day and
win. So also should the two
Democratic House members
and the candidate for Gov
ernor, John F. Simms, jr.,
scion Of a well-known family,
lawyer and former Speaker Of
the New Mexico House OF
Representatives.
Evening star., 1954-10-06

similar troubles, which had re-
duced school attendance to 80
per cent. Normal" means $50
per cent of attendance instead
of the usual 95 per cent. re-
stored only when the Negro
students who had been the
cause of the boycott stayed
home.
The Florida Attorney Cen
eral has petitioned the Su-
preme Court to permit a grad
ual readjustment from segre-
gated to unsegregated schools
and to recognize that the So
year-old system of separate
but equal schools" involves the
States entire administrative
system, the simple repeal of
which would create a vacuum.
He reported that a survey of
public opinion by an inter-
racial commission had shown
three fourths of Florida's
whites for segregation, a large
majority of colored for the
new ruling, but a majority Of
both against immediate and
complete desegregRtion, both
white and colored leaders ap-
pretending violence beyond
the capacity of peace officers
to handle.
This columnist thought the
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Constantine Brown

A man with a fresh outlook
came into the State Depart
ment with the swearing in of
Undersecretary of State Her.
bert Hoover, jr.
Heretofore - by necessity,
some say, while others con-
tend it was by design - the
top jobs in the State Depart
ment have been filled with
persons who had much to do
with the Roosevelt-Truman
foreign policies.
Secretary Dulles himself was
ambassador at large or special
consultant for a long period,
representing the Republican
contribution to a bipartisan
foreign policy.
The top, middle and lower
echelonS in the State Depart
ment are in many cases
filled with officials who had
similar responsible positions in
the Democratic administration.
This. it is explained, was un-
avoidable because after 20
years of Democratic rule it
was difficult to find outsiders"
conversant with the complexi-
ties of our foreign relations.
One such outsider finally
was discovered by Secretary
Dulles and was approved by
President Eisenhower. He is
the son of the elder states
man, former President Her
bert Hoover.
The new Undersecretary Of
State has not been in politics
before and had no ties with
the previous Democratic ad-
ministration.
Mr.. Hoover, who has made
a sizeable fortune as a con-
sulting engineer, was entrusted
last year with the delicate
task of solving the British
Iranian dispute over the ma
tionalized oil fields in south
ern Iran. Most other Ameri-
can and British negotiators
had given up. The situation
was critical, not so much be-
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Will Eisenhower Magic Work?
Colorado G. O. P Hopes Presidents Popularity Will Rub
Off on Their Entries but Democrats Have the Edge

at long last made up with
John Carroll, the favorite OF
the liberal faction, who won a
primary fight for the Demo-
cratic Senate nomination.
Senator johnson was very
happy in the Senate with Sem
ator Millikin as his opposite
number. since their views
roughly conceded. In fact, a
survey once showed Senator
johnson voting Republican
oftener than Senator Millikin.
Four years ago Big Ed cold
shouldered Mr.. Carroll in a
oll-Millikin race. This
year he wants to be Governor
and, besides, he won't be
around to have his voting
record compared with that of
a young liberal colleague-per-
haps, in some quarters, in
sidiously.
Another name familiar in
Washington appears this year
on the Democratic slate. Alva
Adams. son and grandson of
Colorado Governors and SEN
ators, is trying to beat the vet
.eran Republican incumbent,
Representative j. Edward
Chenoweth, in the 3rd district.
This is one reason Speaker
Martin came here. Mr.. Chen
oweth is his pipeline on the
powerful House Rules Com
mittee which decides what
legislation reaches the floor.
The President may alter the
climate. AS of now, Senator
Johnson, Mr.. Carroll and Mr..
Adams all are given the edge.
Evening star., 1954-10-06

senhower's staff when the
name of Herbert Hoover, jr.,
was mentioned as successor to
Gen. Smith. Some contended
that since Secretary Dulles is
absent from Washington fire.
quently on official business, it
would be unwise to have a
man without diplomatic and
intelligence experience as his
understudy. When these OBJ
jections were voiced, lone Of
Mr.. Hoover's fans" wise
cracked that it is among the
understudies that Broadway
and Hollywood discover their
stars.
Token opposition from the
friends of other candidates
was easily overcome. But 1t
took a lot Of persuasion to in
duce Mr.. Hoover to accept the
burdensome position. His close
friends finally succeeded.
The new Undersecretary
brings to the State Depart
ment an entirely new ap-
proach to most problems.
There is no doubt that he is
in sympathy with the major
points of the Eisenhower
Dulles foreign policy. But in
the first few months he faces
the problem of internal organ
ization Of the department
which has been much neg
lected. There have been COM
mittees and subcommittee
planning and recommending
changes streamlining the old,
cumbersome machine. The
French saying that "the more
it changes the more it is the
same thing" applies most aptly
to the State Department.
Mr.. Hoover took over with
out fanfare. He doesn't like
publicity and doesn't want it.
Unlike many others who have
tried to improve the depart
ment, he has not announced
any radical changes and has
not pledged himself to mira
cles. But he is expected to do
eventually a real engineering
job.
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Tachen Islands Gunners
Fire on ; Red Planes
By the Associofed Press

TAIPEH, Formosa, Oct. g.
Nationalist anti-aircraft guns
on the Tachen Islands, off the
coast of Red China. opened fire
yesterday on three Communist
planes but scored no hits, the
defense ministry said today.
The planes were sighted a few
hours after radar screens here
picked up an unidentified plane
flying toward Formosa from
China and this island was
blacked out for SIS minutes.
Published reports said one of
the three planes sighted over the
Tachens was a MIG-15 jet, but
1t. Gen. Chang Yi-ting, army
spokesman, said he had no such
detailed identification.
At Quemoy, $50 miles south of
the Tachens, Nationalist artil-
lery traded more shells with
Communist batteries on the
mainland 7 miles away.
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Not All Scientists in One Camp
At Least One of Them Finds the Naive FuIociousnes
Of CoI!eaiote LiberoIs Leods Only to Confusion

nology and the University Of
California. ] came to know
DR.. Oppenheimer and served
upon committees with him.
He, impressed me as a person
of very pleasant personality
and enormous ability in his
field. but also as a case of
almost arrested development
in social problems and in his
relation to constituted author
ity. Like EinStein, he seemed
to be governed by his emotions
rather than his reason in such
matters, and I am not at all
surprised at what has finally
happened.
"The Oppenheimer case
leads me to a few remarks
about the large group, mainly
in the colleges and universi-
ties, who call themselves 'liber.
als'-a much abused word
and sometimes 'intellectuals,'
but the irreverent public calls
them 'pinks' and on occasion
'eggheads.'
"They are an amazingly in
consistent group. They make
a good living out of the system
of private enterprise, but then
seek to undermine it by favor
ing all sorts of socialistic ven-
lures and enterprises. They
dislike intensely Mccarthy and
his methods-as we all do
but go along with him in
allowing individuals to set up
their own standards of secrecy,
regardless Of governmental
and military regulations.
'They learn nothing from
experience, and the leakage of
information about the atomic
bomb and the loss Of China,
in part at least through left
ist sympathizers IN the De-
partment Of State, have never
been taken to heart by them.
Apparently, too. they have no
conception of the distinction
Evening star., 1954-10-06

State-and them. He has an
appeal here, likewise, among
conservatives. including Re-
publicans, as we'll as among
Eisenhower Republicans. The
latter know that he helped to
save the Eisenhower farm pro-
gram, deserting most of his
party to help put over flexible
price supports which. as a mat
ter of fact, he had sponsored
when he was Secretary of
Agriculture in the Truman
administration before he re-
signed and ran for the Senate.
On the farm issue as on some
others. the Senator let's 1t be
known how he supported the
President, who is still very
popular in this State.
So the consequences" of
Big Ed Mechem's truth"
works out in an interesting
way-for Senator Anderson
and not the Governor-if you
accept the evidence of polls
among many who are very fond
of their Governor and voted for
him for the post. This is a
typical observation:
"I'd like to vote for Ed. He's
been a good Governor. If it
were for Governor-why I'd
vote for him. But for Senator
I think we'd better keep Clint
Anderson. He knows his way
around and has done a lot for
the State"
President Eisenhower, it is
noted, has not come to this
State to give a plug to Ed
Mechem in his race against the
Democratic Senator who
fought for the Eisenhower
farm program. He's staying
away from this one, though
the State is on the schedule
of the flying corps of cam
paigners, including Vice Pres
ident Nixon, Attorney General
Brownell and Senator Dirksen
of Illinois.
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Dovid LoWrenee-

Quite a furor is being stirred
UP because some of the top
scientists in the country are
being criticized for their lax
ity in developing the H-bomb.
Judged by some Of the COM
mentS being made in support
of those scientists, it might
be imagined that, unless these
men are immunized from crit
iclsm hereafter, they will en-
gage in a sit-down strike and
refuse to serve their country.
But there is evidence that
not all scientists believe that
a man who lies to his own Gov
ernment on a vital security
matter, when information is
sought from him., is a hero.
There are scientists who be-
lieve that morality does not
stop at the laboratory door
nor honesty either
Lest the country think that
scientists with Communist con-
nectionS or affiliations or SYM
pathies are in the majority
inside or outside the Govern
ment, evidence is presented
here which paints an entirely
different picture. Thus a top
scientist, whose identity must
for the present be withheld,
says in a letter to this cor
respondent:
In the recent particularly
trying case of DR.. Open
heimer, your analysis of the
situation and the conclusions
you have reached are receiv-
ing more support among phys
ical scientists than you per-
haps realize. They are not so
vocal as those on the other
side. nor are they given so
much to passing resolutions.
but plenty of them exist and
form an influential group.
81 have had many contacts
with nuclear physicists at the
California Institute Of Tech
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

Ike Republican leaders to political pow-wow.
that things pretty Repub
Ncans-and better for the Democrats
Things getting complicated that when somebody says
co. you're not whether it's United States
Senator talking-or Marilyn Monroe.
Senate investigators oused Democratic housing
official banked $38000 than his salary in 10 Demo-
cratic slogan: Don't let em take worst
worst, bury it,"
thousand GIs will home from Trieste following
the Yugosav there Democrats dsnayed
peace epidemic of the stuff before
election.
This normal election year. politicians running
in earnest. The voters are running in debt
Chairman Mitchell President
of sandering the Democratic Party Sander terrible thing
politics. It's what happens when opponent
facts you can't get hold any
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Doris FIeeson-

DENVER-"Guilt by asso-
citation" is the phrase report
ters apply to the desperate
effort of Republicans to rub
off on themselves some Of the
Eisenhower magic. 1t Is par
ticularly apparent in this
area where people like Ike
and are complimented by his
choice of a summer White
House in the West.
With the World Series over
and the President, Vice Presi-
dent and House Speaker Joe
Martin all on the hustings
here this week. the so-far
lethargic campaign will get
off the ground. 1t should be
possible soon to tell whether
the so called Democratic
trend is a transient mood or
a fact of life.
The time is growing short
for any bombshells such as
indictments of prominent
Democrats, which were once
confidently expected from the
Justice Department. Justice
spokesmen say these were al
ways a fgment of Steve
Mitchell's imagination. Mr..
Mitchell, national Democratic
chairman, retorts that when
the courts threw out JUS
tice Department indictments
against Democrats Bergson
and Casey, Attorney General
Herbert Brownell got cold
feet.
Republican candidates are
frankly looking to their "big
wheels" for a fresh spark or
Evening star., 1954-10-06

between what a man may be-
heve and practice as a private
individual and what he may
believe and practice in a pub
lie position Of trust. Although
a mans beliefs are normally
a matter of private concern,
they can well debar him from
many positions he might like
to hold. For example. we can
hardly conceive that the de
rectors of = bank would elect
to its presidency a believer in
MARKHAM theories of finance
and economics.
There are two brief quota
tions which I feel right well
be recommended to the coll
legiate self-styled liberals of
this country. The first is by
Winston Churchill and, as I
remember. it runs: Although
socialism and communism are
not the same thing, I have
always found that communism
always f1ourishes in an atmos-
phere of socialism,
1.-The second quotation goes
back to Socrates and the
Athens Of his day. His pet abb
horrence was a group of we'll
educated men who, to show
their assumed intellectual SUI
periority, utilized their abili-
ties to twist and distort the
beliefs and motives of the COM
mon people until they were
unrecognizable. Socrates said
of these 'sophists.' as he called
them: They delight to make
the worse the better reason.
The author of the forego-
ing letter was head of an i'm
portant scientific body for
many years, is a member OF
the National Academy of Sci
ences, a member of the French
Academy and a foreign asso-
ciate of the Royal Society Of
London and an outstanding
scientist in his field.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Thomas L. Stokes

TRUTH OR CONSE-
QUENCES, N. Mex.-This is
a borrowed dateline-though
real town in New Mexico.
This is being written on the
train after leaving Albuquer-
que where the usual check was
made on things political. Out
the train window are endless
square miles of brown empti-
ness interrupted by an oc-
casional mesa, with only rarely
a town, and few folks to be
seen-fewer folks than beef
cattle. That shows what a
politician looking for votes is
up against in this vast State.
He has to go a days journey to
find a handful of human be-
ings with the right Of fran
chise. The cows can't vote
The date line was appro-
priated for reasons that will
become clear. It can be de-
Tended in writing about poll
tics. For this week Truth or
Consequences is entertaining
a Republican caravan now
travelling about the State.
There will be a barbecue and
dance.
In the caravan, among other
candidates. is Big Ed Mechem.
He is in his second term as
Governor of New Mexico. He
is being amiable, shaking
hands. and thus promoting his
campaign to try to defeat
Democratic Senator Clinton P.
Anderson and go to Washing
ton in his place.
The truth" which Big Ed
has been telling is that Sem
ator Anderson is at present
ahead in the race. a confession
that is practically without
precedent among aspirants for
public Office. 1t confuses Clint
Anderson. What is Gov.
Mechem up to? Is this some
new wrinkle in political psy-
chology? Is he trying to dis
arm the Senator and kill him
with kindness?
Gov. Mechem, who got his
law education at the Univer-
sity Of Arkansas, would get
the point when it is said that
he has carried o rabbits foot
Evening star., 1954-10-06
Dorothy Thompson
For GruduQIisnn in |nteqrotion
Courts Held Incapable Of legsoting BrotherIy Love;
Moderation Urqed on All Who Know Compassion

Supreme Court decision but
another example of the folly
of an idealistic zeal over-reach.
ing its aim. The aim of every
measure affecting the rela-
tionship between the races IN
America must, with the well
fare Of each in mind, be to
alleviate the tensions between
them and to promote equal
justice in peace.
But long-ingrained tradi-
tions and prejudices cannot be
wiped out by judicial DEGREES.
No court can legislate broth
erly love. And any attempt to
enforce inter-racial associa-
tions more intimate than q
majority of any community
desires will not alleviate but
exacerbate racial tensions, the
sufferers will be the Negroes,
and years of steady progress
in Negro advancement can be
undone.
What 1000 years of Chris
tian teachings have been un-
able to overcome and what the
sanity example of Gandhi
was unable to accomplish in
India cannot be brought about
by a judicial ruling. Great
problems can never be so
solved, in any case. One must
live with them, suppressing
malice and cultivating charity
in the great loving meaning
of that word-and gradually
the problems, though never
solved" short of the millen-
mum, cease to be so acute as to
become a menace to domestic
peace.
The "rabble rouser," scream
ing white supremacy. and the
lynchers taking the law into
their own hands have been
yielding influence steadily in
the South, even over those
whom enlightened" North
erners (of course, with "prej-
judices") often call contemp-
tuously poor white trash"
The Bilbos are yielding to
nobler and more responsible
leadership. 1t is precisely these
who are in despair lest by
making haste in this matter
the rabble rouser is given a
new platform. Nothing is more
likely to furnish him a roStrum
for arousing emotionalism
than enforced associations. AL
ready 1.-THE National Associa-
tion for the Advancement of
White People," has been
formed and has spearheaded
the demonstrations in Del
aware. ..
We hope that the Supreme
Court, and every American
citizen with sense in his head
and charity and compassion in
his heart, especially for the
Negroes, will counsel modera-
ton and gradualism, over
riding the hasty and all too
often self-righteous, who want
ito bring the law against all
who disagree with them, no
matter what the counse-
Quences.