davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-04-11
Mccarthy Doesn't
Brighten Teachers,
Professor Declares

The teachers Of the country
are not afraid Of Senator Nc
Carthy, Prof. Sidney Hook OF
New York University told the
spring conference of the Educa-
ton Association of the District
yesterday.
1T is simply not true" he said.
shat Senator Mccarthy has
frightened American teachers
and professors into silence.
Those who assert +. that
the entire teaching profession
of the United States is now
lntimidated' are actually helping
to produce the very conditions
they profess to report" he de-
elared, adding, irresponsible ex-
aggerations of this order should
be left to Mccarthy"
Education Defended.
Prof. Hook defended the mod
ern education system against
criticism by DR.. Robert HutchinS.
by Albert Lynd, author OF
"Quackery in the Public Schools
and others.
He praised the American edu-
cational system as 1.-The greatest
experiment in mass education
in human history" The difficult
ties in contemporary education,
he said. result from its efforts to
reach the entire population, in
Guiding many groups which in
previous generations would have
been considered ineducable.
Earlier In the sessions at the
Mayflower Hotel. the conference
heard DR.. Frederick Reissig, eX-
ecutive secretary of the Wash
ington Federation of Churches,
point out that all public school
teachers and administrators
should know what separation of
the church and state means and
does not mean.
It does not mean that religion
cannot be taught in the public
schools, but it does mean that
sectarian religion cannot be
taught, he said.
Use of P.-T.A. Urged.
Mrs. Franklin G. Sartwell,
past president of Mckinley
High School Parent Teacher As
ISOLATION. said the parent
teacher association should be
used to it's fullest extent in the
effort to solve the problems of
children.
DR.. Donald A. Bloch, chief of
the Children's Health Service
of the National Institute of Men
tai Health. pointed out that one
of the ways child gets security
is by developing a sense of his
own competence and ability to
deal with the world and the
people in it.
Thus, he said, the teacher
who generally fosters the pupils
ability to deal more competently
with the world is contributing to
the security which everyone
needs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-04-11
South Africo Opens
Polio Research Unit

JOHANNESBURG, South AZ
rica.-The Polio Research Foun-
dation's laboratories, the worlds
largest complete research unit
under one roof, was opened re-
Gently at Rietfontein, near
johannesburg. The building
and the equipment cost the
equivalent of nearly a 81 mil
lion dollars-all donated by the
public.
According to DR.. H. w. An
derson, chairman of the board
of trustees of the foundation.
polio research in South Africa
is perhaps more advanced than
in America.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-04-11
BUILDING Job Rise Seen

NEW YORK, April 10 (P.-
Martin Durkin, former Secre-
tary of Labor, said today he be-
lieved the decline in building con-
struction had reached it's low
point and that employment in
the industry would increase dur
ing 1854. He expressed doubt
however, the upswing would
match the 1853 volume of build
ing construction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-04-11
Beauty Stoys With Age

SAN JOSE. Calf. GA cos
metologiSts' association chose
new queen from its members
most faithful customers for the
longest time. She was Hannah
Jones, 81 years old,
Evening star., 1954-06-23

Fortunate is the man who, when he
This is wisdom which comes only
with the years, and to some 1t never
comes.
Nothing is more usual than the per-
son who knows it all beyond correction.
You hear him (more rarely herr
every place you go.
He knows where the fault lies, al
ways, and it never lies with him. Nat
urally!
He can select the guilty in any pub
lie case, even before the hearing starts!
And no one is quite as sure as the
teen-ager.
Especially when it comes to the mat
ter of wearing eye glasses, particularly
dark ones for summer.
The juvenile female Of the species
somehow has come to the almost uni
versal conclusion that wearing spec
tacles is the thing.
It is daShing. smart, and casual, as
far as she is concerned-what more
could any woman want?
**
Old Templeton Jones is not so old
that he does not admire pretty girl
when he sees one.
That nice morning recently (the one
after the weather bureaus near-hur-
ricane that didn't come ofO Jones
watched q really pretty number get
aboard his bus.
She was tall, timber and tanned.
Evening star., 1954-06-23
Mrs. Smith Stoys Here

Although there is nothing unexpected about
1t, Senator Margaret Chase Smiths runaway
victory in Names Republican primary is
gratifying nonethelesS.
1t is, in the first place. triumph for that
school of Republicanism which does not think
that the clock can be turned back half a
century. 1t is also triumph, and an impress
sive triumph for woman who has not hesi
tated to put herself publicly on record against
the exceSSes of Senator Mccarthy.
In all probability Senator Mccarthy was
not much of an issue in the Maine primary.
The Wisconsin Senator spoke in the State twice
last winter, and in each speech he mentioned
Robert L. Jones, Mrs. Smiths opponent, as
young Maine man who was making a name
for himself in Washington. Senator Mccarthy
stayed out Of the primary campaign, however,
and Mr. Jones did not try to bring him into it.
The fair inference is that Mr.. Jones, having
sampled Maine sentiment, found nothing to
encourage a belief that Senator McCarthy'S
support would be political asset. If this is
correct, it is gratifying. For if Mr.. Jones.
backed openly by Senator Mccarthy, had
beaten Mrs. Smith, or even if he had seriously
threatened, the result would have been big
boost for that type of politicking which has
come to be known as McCarthyism.
Evening star., 1954-06-23

ken record Of bad faith and It's clear intent to
dominate Europe and the world. nothing could
seem more obvious than that such deal-in
any form-would be bleakly tllusory thing
dangerous alike to Germany and the West as
a whole. Still, the fact remains that the idea
is favored by many anti Communist Germans
who have come to believe that something like
it is required to promote the uniflcation OF their
partitioned country, and their feeling on that
score has been intensified by the conviction
right or wrong-that the French will continue
to block creation of the EDO.
Needless to say, all this is precisely in line
with what the Kremlin wants. and Premier
Malenkov has been quick to capitalize on it
with sweet and wooing talk designed to befuddle
the people of the Bonn Republic into thinking
that good deal is possible. Such propaganda
has dangerous potentialities. It needs to be
countered with affirmative Western action land
no action could be better than French ratifica-
ton of the EDC) If DR.. Adenauer's position Is
not to be undermined by growing "neutralism"
among his countrymen.
Evening star., 1954-06-23
By Charles E. TroceWeN

premely SNUG as she peered out Of her
dark cavern.
Yes, said Templeton Jones to himself.
this is one of the bits of knowledge
that women universally know" that
somehow they look dashing when they
go around in blinkers.
Equally, they know" that eyes
should be so protected.
The fact that nature made the hu-
man eye, and all animal eyes. to have
the ability to protect themselves from
too much light never seems to occur
to them. Whoever heard OF animals
wearing dark glasses? Even the lions
on the Sahara desert do not flnd sun
shades necessary.
But the average young American girl
knows better. Some households have
been torn asunder by the ferocious de-
mand of a teen-age daughter for eye
glasses. Daddy, and Nom. and all the
little siblings are kept under her royal
disapproval until she is set up with a
neat pair whether she needs them or
not.
There are some persons, it is true.
who, suffering from photophobia, ac-
tually must have dark glasses in sum-
mer. They would do better to stay
indoors with blinds drawn.
The average human. old or young.
male or female, needs no other protec-
ton from light than God gave his
eyes. But just try to tell the American
people that. They know"
Evening star., 1954-06-23
This and That :.

She had on a neat light blue dress,
with standup collar.
Her hair was blond. with just the
right amount of wave to it, and one
portion lighter than the rest. all neatly
blended in.
Her nails were slightly pink, and her
lips not too red. Jones hoped she was
pioneering q new fashion.
=
Then it happened.
The pretty girl pulled pair Of these
big dark glasses out OF her capac1ous
pocketbook.
They were blue, with lens shaped in
that absurd peaked fashion which most
women, even young ones, think gives
them a daredevil look.
Just why women want to have this
look Jones does not know. If they sue
ceed, they are doing themselves no
service, he says.
Well, anyway, there was old Jones,
eyeing the pretty girl.
Then. poof, she slipped on the glasses
and disappeared.
She just disappeared.
The pretty girl was gone. and in her
place was a homely girl. Fading out
those pale blue eyes had put her into
another classification altogether.
Now it was easy to see that she was
rather lanky, her hair was not really
clean, and her mouth was none too
pretty.
Yet this young thing looked su-
Evening star., 1954-06-23

credit for Arana's murder, and Arbenz
was elected with little opposition.
Castillo Arnas meanwhile had risen
first to assistant director and, in 1948,
director of the Guatemalan Military
Academy. In July, 1949, at the time of
Arana'S murder, he was chief of mill
tary zone No. 4. But when the govern
ment refused to take action against
the aSsasSins, CaStillo-who had pub
licly criticized the Communist policies
of the Arevalo government-resigned
his army commission in protest.
A year later Castillo Armas, now a
bitter, implacable foe of the Arevalo-
Arbenz-C Communist coalition, engaged
on his third revolutionary venture. He
led tiny band of 40 poorly armed
followers against the military base at
the Aurora Air Field, on November 5,
1850, confidently expecting that it
would be surrendered to him without
resistance, and that the forces there
would join him in a march on the
capital.
He had received what he thought
Evening star., 1954-06-23
West German 'NeutroIism'

Owing largely to Frances failure thus far
to ratify the European Defense Community
treaty, Chancellor Konrad Adenauer is faced at
home with mounting and potentially serious
difficulties in his efforts to make West Germany
a firm and potent ally of the free Atlantic
world. And the Kremlin, of course, is losing
no time in attempting to exploit the situation to
its own advantage.
The opposition to DR.. Adenauer'S efforts in
cludes considerable numbers of conservative
and influential West German politicians and
induStrialStS. They are pretty well convinced
that the goal of European observation-disclosures
of French hesitancy and other factors-cannot
be attained in the foreSeeable future, and so
they have become rather entranced with the
idea that it might be possible to realize Ger
nany's unihcation by working out some sort
Of deal to establish direct cultural, diplomatic
and trade relations with the Soviet Union.
In one form-as proposed by prominent
"neutraliSts" like Heinrich Bruening, chancellor
of the pre-Hitler Reich-the deal would rule out
the EDO, or any alliance with the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization, and would instead give
Germany an on-the-fence position between the
Soviets and Western Europe. And in a less ex-
treme version-as advocated by the Free Demo-
Gratis who represent the second biggest party.in
Dr. Adenauer'S coalition government-it would
permit partnership with the NATO countries
but at the same time would bring about a close
rapprochement with the Kremlin through dip
lomatic and other ties that could hardly fail
to undercut that partnership.
True, in view of the Soviet Unions unbro-
Evening star., 1954-06-23
Civil War Aftermath

In the aftermath of the Civil War
and the eliminating Of slavery, many
citizens of the District of Columbia
felt surge of Righteousness. The City
Council for Washington, D. c., petit
toned the Senate District Committee
on May 2, 1870, as follows: .
whereas. by proclamation and
amendments to the Constitution OF the
United States, slavery has been forever
abolished and forbidden in these United
States, and all men have been declared
to be citizens of the United States,
whether native born or naturalized;
and
Whereas we believe that by erad-
icating the word white from all laws
and ordinances is the only sure way
of breaking down the barrier Of unjust
prejudices against men on account OF
the color of their skin: and in order
to have the higher and more profound
principles implanted in the hearts OF
the young and rising generation, who
are to govern and control the affairs
of this great Nation in years TO come
and at the same time know that nc
citizen is to be prescribed on account
of his color nationality: Therefore
BE it resolved. ETC.. That the Senate
Committee on the District be respect
fully and earnestly requested to report
and secure, if possible. the passage of
a bill for the reorganization of the
public schools in the District of Coium-
bia and give us one common school
system by which all children can be
educated, regardless Of their color. to be
governed by one board of trustees.
Resolved further. That the Mayor
be respectfully requested to cause a
copy of the foregoing preamble and
resolutions to be forwarded to the chair
man of the Senate District Committee.
Act of the City Council. Approved.
May 2, 1870"
For some reason the resolution was
not acted upon, but it is in evidence
that the Mayor and Council consider
ed their sentiment and feeling worthy
of expression to the Senate.
Had the United States Congress Of
1870 acted favorably on this resolution.
at least as far as the District Of Colum-
bia is concerned. we would not have
the period of travail we are going
through today.
E. b. Henderson.
Evening star., 1954-06-23
Quality of Justice for Juveniles

The Children's Bureau has reported, after
q survey, that the quality" of Juvenile Court
judges and probation officers is the "chief con-
cern" of citizens and civic groups throughout
the country. The public has right to be con-
cerned over this problem, for the quality of
services rendered by these vital courts and their
stats has a direct bearing on any communitys
efforts to cope with the growing challenge of
juvenile delinquency.
A summary of suggestions received by the
bureau (Which conducted the survey in CO.
operation with the Special Juvenile Delin-
quency Project, a privately supported study
stressed the need for establishing definite
standards for selection of judges and other
personnel and for training them in the i'm
portant duties for which they are responsible.
An apathetic public was blamed for most of
the shortcomings of the present system"
Many of the advisory groups questioned during
the survey recommended educational cam
paigns to better inform the public as to weak
nesses of the machinery dealing with juvenile
crime in all its ramifcationS.
The bureau said: "The primary conclusion
to be reached from the reports is that in
surveying conditions in their States, citizen
groups have been most impressed by the lack
of coordination among the various agencies
that do or could serve delinquent children"
The District of Columbia was not among the
Is States and territories included in the survey,
but this comment was particularly applicable
to Washington, nevertheless. In fact, the Chill
dren's Bureau could have cited the local Situa-
ton as horrible example of nonco-ordinatiOn.
study here would have shown that the lack
of coordination here was not the fault of the
police, the Welfare Department or other official
agencies interested in reducing crime among
youth, but the result of strange reluctance
of the Juvenile Court to cooperate with such
agencies in certain matters of mutual concern.
It is evident therefore, that to this extent,
at least, Washington is not receiving the quality
of Juvenile Court service to which it is entitled
and which is absolutely essential to an effective,
united attack on juvenile delinquency in the
Nations Capital.
Evening star., 1954-06-23
Firemen and Segregation

The Supreme Court decision provid-
ing for the ultimate de-Segregation of
public schools is being overworked
somewhat, since it is now being used
by propagandiStS as a prying bar to
nudge other pro-Negro projects toward
accomplishment. The complete inte-
grafton of the Washington Fire De-
partment is certainly an irrelevant
issue with respect to the amalgamation
of the races on the scholastic front
The logic that might provide work.
able premise to support a contention
of discrimination against a citizen of
a particular race or color is definitely
not applicable to the organization OF
the Fire Department. There is no de-
nial of opportunity for advancement
in the department for properly quail
fed men nor is discrimination exer-
cised in the original appointment pro-
cedure The long hours of duty and
intimate relationships necessitated by
the peculiaritieS of the position abSo-
lutely preclude the usual system where
by men of both races might perform
their duties side by side and yet seek
their own living level as prescribed by
natural inclination.
The forced integration Of this vital
emergency service could only provide
for a dramatic and unnecessary up
heaval in the usual living patterns OF
white and colored fire fighters. Since
there are definitely two sides to the
nebulouS proposition that all races must
be Joined by official edict, the jubila-
ton of those who shout for Nation
wide amalgamation would be Offset by
the misgivings of the contingent that
would abide by the traditional status
quo. The men of the Fire Department
would squirm uneaSily in their role as
a testing group for radical social re-
form, while no benefits Of any kind
would cap the abortive pressure cam
paign.
The overwhelming majority Of the
men of the Fire Department deplore
the fact that the business Of protec-
ton of life and property in the Dis
trict of Columbia must be swept up
by tub-thumpers who have long since
discarded the logical theory Of equal
rights for all. as they push toward goals
that far transcend this proposition. 1t
is further deplorable that the stand
ard practice by pressure groups has
come to be the introduction OF the scare
words Communism" and "un-Ameri-
canism" in the attempt to erase honest
differences of opinion. The fire fighters
of the District abide by an oath to risk
their lives for all citizens, without par
ticularly worrying about the Red con-
cept Of their stand on a particular
matter. Our duties are not so consti-
tuted as to compel us to worry more
Evening star., 1954-06-23
The Narrowing Cop

In the early years aICer the SECOND WOIlu
War, the United States undoubtedly was far
ahead of the Soviet Union in the field Of weap-
ons technology. But that time has now passed.
and any American who thinks otherwise is
deluding himself with a lot of complacent as
sumptions that are at once factually unwar-
ranted and potentially dangerous-d dangerous
in the sense that their widespread acceptance
might lull our country into making the serious
mistake of Understanding the military ca
pacities of the Red empire.
Actually as indicated at the recent GUAM
tico conference of our top military and civilian
authorities, those capacities have grown to such
an extent in recent years that our former wide
margin of uperiority-repreSented chiefly by
our air strength and atomic hydrogen weapons
has steadily diminished. In other words ac-
cording to Assistant Defense Secretary QuarleS,
the RuSsians-especialy within the past IL
monthS-have markedly narrowed the gap be-
tween themselves and us in the development
and production of Supermodern ornaments, and
their progress in that respect must be very
carefully reckoned with in terms OF the inter-
national balance of power.
Defense Secretary Wilson, who has tended
to be generally optimistic on this subject, has
qualified the Quarles statement by expressing
the conviction that the United States still leads
the Soviet Union by two or three years in most
though not all fields of weapons technology.
But he has made clear at the same time that
our military and civilian planners have come to
realize-deSpite earlier misconceptions and con-
siderable wishful thinking-that the Red en-
pre has at it's disposal scientific and technical
skill too impressive in quantity and quality to
be underrated. AS he has put it, eve know now
that Russia has the capacity to do everything
we have done"
This is another way of saying that the So
Wet Union, in addition to maintaining its big
submarine fleet and it's great numerical Supe-
riority in ground forces, is fully capable OF
building up huge arsenal of atomic-hydrogen
weapons, developing fleets of intercontinental
strategic bombers, arrning itself with guided
missiles, and in general becoming steadily more
powerful in all such fields of modern military
technology. Accordingly, our present lead of two
or three years must be regarded as feeting
thing that may vanish altogether unless special
measures are taken-including action to end
our very serious shortage of young engineering
ahead in the race.
It is obvious, in any event, that the Rus
slams are doing their best not merely to catch
up with us but also to leave us behind. And
they have the wherewithal to attain that objec-
tive if we ourselves slacken our pace or fail to
quicken it as needed. There is therefore no
Justification for the slightest degree of Ameri-
can complacency. Our present margin OF SUI
periority-such as it ISIS not nearly so wide
as it was only few years ago, and to maintain
or increase it will require a continuing major
effort.
Evening star., 1954-06-23
Mystery Man Of Guatemala Revolution

were firm assurances from the base
commanders.
But Castillo Armas was betrayed, and
he and his small band were met with
withering blast Of machine-gun fire. A
few escaped. Most were killed. Castillo
himself fell severely wounded, with two
machine-gun bullets in his hip.
Then followed one of the griSliest
incidents in the history even of any
revolution. The soldiers mistook Castillo
ArmaS for dead. They tossed him, still
unconscious, in truck containing the
corpses Of his slain followers. On the
way to the morgue he recovered con-
SciouSneSS but decided to feign death,
hoping for an opportunity to escape.
But as the morgue attendants were
carrying him to a marble slab. he
WINGED from the pain of their rough
handling. Terrified at the sudden re-
vitalization Of the corpse" the two at
tendantS dropped him and fed. Sol
diers standing guard, however. took him
to the hospital operating room, where
his wounds were attended.
Then Castillo Armas, as many a
Guatemalan has since learned, found
what it is really like to cross an iron
curtain-type government.
He was taken directly to q cell in
the police station, dumped on the con-
crete floor and stripped naked except
foI his bandages. For the next 48 hours
he was subjected to unceasing questions
about the names Of fellow conSpirators.
He was deprived Of sleep. food, water
and drugs.
Fearing that he might die on their
hands and that his death might provoke
new disturbances, his 1nquisitors gave
up-transferred him to the peniten-
tiary.
Castillo Armas proved his tough
ness by recovering sufficiently to escape
six months later. He and five convictS
Castillo ArmaS Of course had never
been given formal trial and official
sentencing) tunneled so feet from a
storeroom, under compound and an
eight-foot-thic wall and fled on June
II, 1851.
He separated from his fellow escapes
and made his way to the Colombian
Embassy, short distance from the
penitentiary. There he was granted po-
litical asylum and few months later
the Colombian government negotiated
his safe conduct from the country.
After a few months in Colombia, he
went to Tegucigalpa. where he joined
his lovely and vivaciouS wife who had
succeeded in fleeing Guatemala the
night of his arrest. Ever since he has
devoted himself to the new revolution.
North American Newspaper Alliance)