davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-08-15

lea In Guatemala, on which the
company pays $50 per car for
usage and competitors pay $3.50 per
car.
Mr.. BGggett says the company has
invested over five million dollars in
rolling stock which competitors use
when United doesn't require it, thus
justifying the rate difference.
Price Cutting Charged
The Government charges the COM
pany engaged In price cutting to
drive competitors out Of business.
Mr.. Baggett says bananas are per-
ishable and must be sold quickly--at
whatever the market will bring, il
not the asking price. I'VE know Of
no cases Of price cutting for the
purpose Of injuring any one else.
However. we do not control the
price OF bananas as shown by the
fact that other importers often sell
their bananas at higher prices than
those received by United"
The Government charges United
has coerced customers under the
threat Of withdrawal of future sup
ply.
Mr.. BGggett: "There is effective
competition in the sale of bananas,
and we cannot coerce our customers.
If we tried to do so we would drive
them away"
The Government says that in 1858,
when United imported 90 million
stems of bananas into the United
States, Standard Fruit & Steamship
Co.. the next largest importer.
brought in less than million stems.
Standard Fruit declines to say
whether it thinks United Fruit is
monopoly.
The courts will decide that ques-
ton. But no court In the land can
rule on the bigger question: What
does the future hold for American
business investments in Latin Amer
lea? That's a question only the
peoples Of North America and Latin
America can solve together.
Whatever the outcome, United
Fruit will remain in the spotlight
as an American enterprise having
profound effect on Latin Amer
lean trade and upon our relations
with the Latin Americans them
selves.
ASSOCIATED Press)
Evening star., 1954-08-15
South Asia Pact
Il Will Rely Mostly on Moral Determination
lnsteud Of One Precise Promise to Use Guns
BY Jomes {. Roper

The new Southeast Asia defense
alliance win bristle with moral
determination instead of guns.
The guns win be in the back
ground. OF course. but the alliance
will base much Of It's appeal on high
principles and economic co-opera-
ton.
Secretary Of State Dulles isn't
getting everything he has hoped
for. but he can feel elated when
Foreign Ministers sit down at
Baguio. In the Philippine Islands,
on September to write Southeast
Asia defense treaty.
Joining In the pact are the United
States. Great Britain. France, Aus
tralia. New Zealand. the Philip
pines, Thailand and Pakistan.
Although the final wording Of the
treaty has not been worked out,
It is known that the pact will
pledge each member nation to re-
Evening star., 1954-08-15
By Charles Mercer

On the heels Of the Guatemala
revolution q few weeks ago, the
United States Department of JUS
tice brought. civil antitrust suit
against the United Fruit Co. Of
Boston, accusing 1t OF being q
banana monopoly and demanding
that it break UP its allegedly re-
strictive structure and give COM
petitors q chance. United Fruit has
large holdings in Guatemala and
throughout Latin America.
This suit raises profound ques-
tions for four groups with interests
in Central America.
o American business. Many busi-
nesSmen express alarm at the suit
against United Fruit. They ask:
How far win the Federal Govern
ment go in supporting Americans
interests in the worlds economically
underdeveloped countries?
o Latin America. Great masses Of
peoples In many countries are sin
cerely seeking greater control Of
their own destinies. Some jealous
nationalists urge expropriating YAM
kee interests.
. The United States Government.
On the one hand 1t has gone to
great pains to encourage American
business overseas. On the other, it
must meet Latin Americas rising
nationalism with something bigger
than mere goodwill oratory when a
conference on the economic future
Of the American nations is held in
Rio de Janeiro later this year.
. The tDorld- -tUide Communist ma
chine. Its own interests undivided,
its only purpose Is to divide and
conquer the, other principals.
The Empire
United Fruit today is one Of the
largest American companies in for
eign operations, with total assets
Of $579, ,342 ,684 and nearly 100, O,000
employees. Chiefly In the steam
ing jungles Of the lowlands Of
America. it grows q major part Of
the worlds supply of marketable
bananas and ships more than half
of those imported into the United
States. In Jamaica and Cuba it
grows and refines large amounts of
sugar. On Latin American planta-
tions 1t produces cacao, molasses,
palm oil. hardwoods and abaca, the
fiber used to make manila hemp.
It owns q fleet of 65 ships. It
owns or leases 2,692,9 ,989 acres of
land in the tropics. It operates
1874 miles Of railroads in Guate-
mala. Honduras. Costa Rica. Co
lombia. Cuba. Jamaica, Panama and
the Dominican Republic, owning all
but % miles Of those roads and all
the rolling stock. Among its 60
odd subsidiaries is Tropical Radio
Telegraph Co., one Of the largest
communications networks in Latin
Evening star., 1954-08-15

gard aggression In the Southeast
Asia area as a threat to its own
security.
The treaty won't say what the
allies should do about aggression:
it won't even define aggression:
and 1t won't say exactly what area
OF Southeast Asia the treaty covers.
Full FlexibiIity
Thus, when crisis arises in the
future. members of the SEATO
treaty will have full flexibility in
deciding-at that time-what to do.
Except in the case Of q fiagrant
military invasion across an inter-
national border, treaty members
could do lot Of honest arguing
about whether they should swing
into action. In any event. each
treaty member could follow its own
conscience in deciding what to do.
In a way, this arrangement leaves
the treaty too vague to mean much
If you folloy the letter of the pact.
The United States and Great Brit
ain. however. feel that the real
strength Of such treaty lies in the
moral determination of it's members
to oppose communism-andt this de-
termination isn't decided by the
wording of the pact.
Secretary Dulles started the drive
for the defense alliance March 30.
In radio-TV address. he called for
united action" to halt communism
IN Southeast Asia.
At times, his progress toward the
treaty seemed agonizingly slow. This
was accentuated by the speed with
which Northern Wet Nam collapsed
before Red armies.
Mr.. Dulles, however, finally has
persuaded respectable lot Of ma.
tions to join the pact. He would
like to have at least four other mem
bers: India, Indonesia. Burma and
Ceylon.
! This quartet decided against sign
ing the military alliance. The rea-
: sons include their own domestic
politics and a genuine reluctance to
take sides so boldly in the Soviet
American feud.
These nations sitting on the side.
lines are not necessarily sulking. All
have indorsed the Geneva settle
ment that ended the Indo- Chinese
war. They also called on all sides
to observe the peace.
Thus they would be morally
bound to oppose in some way any
Red violation of the Geneva settle.
ment.
Economic Plans
India. Indonesia, Burma and Cey-
lon would be linked in another way
with the Vests anti-Communist
plans. AS a supplement to the
SEATO treaty, the United States
and Great Britain have economic
plans for Southeast Asia.
The idea is to build prosperity
that will encourage the Asians to
shun communism.
The United States will contribute
money. So. perhaps. will other
countries But the United States
wants even the poorest states in
the area to do what they can.
This might mean gifts in goods
from one country to another. Or
1T could mean-and this perhaps is
more mportant-encouragement of
trade among the Asian states out.
side the Red sphere.
All OF this is aimed at strength
ening' what Mr.. Dulles hopes is the
ow-demonstrated determination to
stop the Reds one way or another.
Evening star., 1954-08-15

America. To keep all this running
1t owns q lot Of other things in
cluding nearly 10000 horses and
mules and $1,000 head Of cattle.
In the public imagination United
Fruit has been crowned with regal
powers in Latin America reputa-
ton that makes the company
squirm with annoyance.
There is no record, however, Of
specific instances in which the
company has overthrown govern
ments or forced legislation favoring
its interests.
1T wasn't necessary" says old
time Guatemala Newsman FREDERICK
Hernandez de Leon. 1.-THE man
after contracts could fix things at
the very top with the minister con-
cerned and more than half the
battle was won by the time approval
was requested Of the legislature"
Attitude chonges
There has been quite q change
in the social consciousness Of United
Fruit in the past three decades.
In Honduras 80 years ago, for ex-
ample, 1t paid plantation workers
by the job, the amount depending
on the sagacity Of an overseer. Re-
Gently a two-month strike was set
tied there with the minimum daily
wage rate raised from 81 SO to $2.O4.
Government sources say the average
daily wage for unskilled day laborers
in Honduras is rarely above 81.
Commenting on the Honduras
strike, j. w. Montgomery, a COM
pa1y vice president, remarked that
United Fruit lis quite willing to rec.
ognize labor unions as soon as they
are formed" But the big problem
in settling the Honduras strike, he
said, was finding labor leaders with
negotiating authority.
Wages Of United Fruit workers
vary from country to country, but
in each they are paid q higher rate
than workers In comparable lines.
the company claims. In Costa Rica.
for example, the company says it
pays almost twice the wages the
average coffee plantation worker re-
ceives.
Banana plantations are carved
out OF remote jungle lands which
are good for nothing else. To at
tract workers to these areas the
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1954-10-29

Norton Rubenstein. Baltimore.
Nd; Joel Schneider, Eureka. Cal:
Ronald Schneider. Richmond. Va;
Harvey Schwartz. Newark. N. j.;
Arthur Solo m o n. Clarksdale.
Miss: Thomas Spector. Athens.
Ca: Robert Stern. Pine Bluff.
Ark: Lew Stolar. Washington. D.
c.
KAPPA NJ: (2D Ronnie Pizitz,
Jay Wilensky, Morton Banks,
Huntsville; Macy Applebaum,
Alan Berman, Howard Bearman,
Bobby Denaberg, Eugene Gold
smith, Perry Lee Jaffe, David
Koplan, Dickie Lande, Leonard
Schwab, Birmingham; Jerom e
Smith, Montgomery; Barrie Hal
nan, Mobile; Stanley Collar, Bob
by Yuspeh, Edgar Sapir, New Or
leans, La; Shelly Weiner, Flush
ing, N. Y; Ronny Nacht, Hillsdale,
u. j.; Bubba Silberstein, Phoenix,
Ariz.; Howard Taradash, Nash
vile, Tenn.
SIGMA ALPHA MU: (ls) Leon
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1954-10-29
"World's Most Beautiful Beaches"

Cohen. Barry Warshaw. Patter-
son. N. j.: Stephen Wing. Jerry
Korn. Philadelphia. Pa: Leonard
Scholsberg. Barry Smith. Brook
lYn. N. Y: Richard Sheldon. Bud
dY Hollingar. Mt. Vernon. N. Y:
Herbert Rosenblum. Russellville:
Jack Senior. Montgomery: Will
liam Weinirob. Harrisburg. Pa:
Richard Turkisher. Cedarhurst. N.
Y: Malcolm Indy Jackson.
Tenn; Harry Manners. Wood
mere. II. y; Tom Rosing. ST.
Petersburg. Fla: Bob Zuckerman.
Bronx. N. Y: Richard Ohrbach.
Miami. Fla: Alvin Schultz. Lam
bert. Miss: Stuart Bilgre. White
Plains. N. Y.
zETA BETA TAU: Q2) Leo
nard Cohen, Joel Fleisher, Birm-
.ngham; David Barton, Joe Bar
ton, Selma; Terry Shainbert,
Memphis, Tenn; Jerry Sklar,
Louise, Miss; Robert Forhman,
Laurel, Miss; Melvin Goldberg,
Tupelo, Miss; Ronald Horn, Oak
Ridge, Tenn; Stanley Klyman,
Nashville, Tenn; Charles Rosen-
thai, Rolling Fork, Miss; Warren
Benedek, New York, N. Y.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1954-10-29
COEBBELS' ESTATE TO GO
FOR PAYMENT OF
COMPENSATION TO VICTIMS

BONN, (JTA) - A Berlin COM
pensation court will assess the
estate Of the late Joseph Goeb-
bells, Nazi Propaganda Minister, tc
help pay victims of Nazi persecu-
ton compensation and indemni-
fication, it was revealed here. The
estate will be assessed next month
and two villas in Berlin formerly
owned by Hitler's associate will
be taken as part of the compensa-
ton.
Chancellor Konrad Adenauer OF
West Germany declared this week
that his government was doing
the best it could to make restitu-
ton for the damage caused by
the Nazis. He made this state
ment at the opening session OF a
three-day meeting here of the
Free international Federation OF
Deported and Interned Resistance
Fighters, which was attended by
100 delegates from West Ger
many, Austria, France, Italy and
the Benelux countries.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1954-10-29

While there is no closed season
on fraternity rushing-nearly all
p1edging has been completed.
A few bids may still be made
but the planned program of in
vitations TO dinners and parties is
over.
Pledges to the four Jewish fra
ternities on the Capstone campus
follow:
ALPHA EPSILON Pr: tl9) Bob
B e njamin. Philadelphia. Pa:
Bruce Berkat. Valdosta. Ca:
Stephen B erkson. Scottsbluff.
Neb.: Gerald Bluhm. Boston.
Mass: Shep Burns. Beacon. N. Y;
Howie Fox. Chicago. ILL.,: Don
Harris. Fayetteville. Ark: Her
bert Kahn. Laredo. Tex.; Herbert
Kess1er. Fort Wayne. Ind; Lew
Lieberman. BaYside. N. Y: War
rem Newman. Brooklyn. N. r:
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1954-10-29
JEWISH GROUP SEEKS
RECOVERY OF PROPERTY
SEIZED BY VICHY REGIME

PARIS, (JTA) - The 50-year-
old Jewish philanthropic organi-
cation, "Zadoc Khan" has insti-
tuted legal proceedings against
the French Ministry of Finance
for recovery of property confis-
Gated from the group by the
Vichy Government. This is the
first suit of its kind in France and.
if successful, may set a precedent
for other Jewish groups in this
country.
During the German occupation
Of France, the Nazi-appointed
Judenrat, acting on instructions
from the Vichy Commissar for
Jewish affairs, confiscated a
building in Strasbourg, stocks,
bonds and a considerable sum in
cash from Zadoc Khan. None of
these assets were ever returned
under the French law for re-im-
bursement of victims of Nazism.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1954-10-29
Panama City,. Florida
Jewish I raterniiies Al Alabama u.
Announce Pledges

UNIVERSITY. Ala Especial Jewish Weekly
University of Alabama social this week the
pIedging Of SAL far this fall.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-15
Mrs. ]. Barker Morris,
Wife Of Kann Official

Mrs. J. Barker Morris. 50. &C
tive in church affairs. died Of a
heart attack Sunday at Ocean
City, Md, where she was SPEND
ing the week end. A Silver Spring
resident for i've years, she lived
at 4O8 Mansfield road.
The former Josephine c. Jack
son, Mrs. Morris was born in
Rockland, Me-, and formerly
lived in Cottage City, Md. She
was a member Of st. Michael's
Catholic Church, the Sodality
and the Ladies' Guild Of the
House of the Good Shepherd.
Survivors are her husband. who
is service director of S. Kann
Sons Co.: two daughters. Miss
Ruth E. Morris of the home;
Mrs. Raymond Heindl. lillian
dale, Md, and two sisters, Mrs.
Helen c. Lynch of the home, and
Mrs. Charles L. Lambert, Fred
erick. Md.
Services will be held at 10
am. tomorrow at st. Michael's
Catholic Church. Silver Spring.
Burial win be In Fort Lincoln
Cemetery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-15

grated into one personnel sys-
tenn"
2. 81 believe, with the COM
mittee, that the national interest
dictates the creation of a For
eign Service Officer Corps (FSO)
that is more flexible and broadly
versatile than at present. We
must take into particular ac-
count the need for specialized
skills in the solution of the vastly
complex problems of today. I
have directed that this be done.
8. II have accepted the COM
mittee'S recommendation that a
substantial number of depart
mental positions. probably about
1,450, be designated for stating
by the ESQ Corps, and that the
present incumbents Of those
positions be encouraged to enter
the new Foreign Service to serve
at home or abroad, as the de-
partment'S needs require.
4. II also agree that all officer
positions abroad under the
Chiefs of Mission should be SIM
ilarly designated. and members
Of the Foreign Service Reserve
(FSR Corps and such of the
Foreign Service Staff (FSS)
Corps as presently hold those
positions. should likewise be en-
couraged to enter the ESQ
group"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-15

ALLISON, JOSEPH C., JR. In memory
of the late JOSEPH C. ALLISON, Jr.,
who passed away one year ago today.
Only those who love can tell what
u % 9ond fs e aSif I'VE TMH f %a yum
Of our husband and father. Rev. W.
d. ATKINS, who passed away two
'sf Eovi ne VIE RHPf an AID ls eSafiLpREN.
CLIFFORD, EMMA d. In sad but low
EMMA D. CLIFFORD, who departed
th1s g. fsas zs aE f sEH 1cea'
memory S q my DARING m sSS eSs pHIsY
l.. CURRY who departed this life two
years ago today, June Is, 1852.
Before my eyes mother faded.
Growing weaker day BY day;
Patiently bearing her suffering
Until God took her sway.
To see her slowly leave me
AS 1 helpleSsly stood by
And. drained the cup of bitter grief,
The evening I saw her die.
The one dear to me is .,, gone,
place is vacant in my heart
y Mhich ps sSp 1syer p q llsa AND
GEORGE GILLIAN.
HARMER. LILLIAN N. In sad but low
ing remembrance of our dear mother
and mediterranean, LILLIAN NJ.
HARMER who passed away hye years
ago today, June Is. 1919.
Faithful and honest in all your ways,
courageous. and true to the end Of
You WEI We're iosvinr. gentle. sweet and
6whE a beautiful memory you left
MARIE. CORA. HARVEY.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-15
1n Mrntnriaitt

HURLEY. CHARLES w. AND LAVINIA
c. In loving memory Of my beloyed
parents: Father, CHARLES w. HUR-
Jesrs s Tn0 tOas June s"fy T. sss AND
mother, IAVINIA C. HURLEY. who
passed away nineteen years ago, June
Oh. for the loved ones gone on,
Ali their pains and sorrows have gone.
Io SMSSGE' LONELY DAUGHTER
memory Of my dear wife. ELizABEETTlHz
one year ago today. June Is. 1858.
Loving and kind in all her ways,
Upright and Just to the end OF her
sincere and kind in heart and mind,
What e beautiful memory abe left
HER pESTSorED HUSBAND. HOWARD
love and devotion to the sacred mem-
DRY Of our dear mother. ELIZABETH
Z. POWELL. who departed this life
one year ago today, June Is, 1858.
God gave Us . wonderful mother.
And when ON earth her work was done,
He called her home to rest.
Just when life was sweetest,
And she could have lived her best.
The gates Of heaven opened,
And God took her home to rest.
HER LOVING CHILDREN.
TRAvERS, EDWARD HARRISON. In
loving remembrance Of our dear hus-
HARRISON TRAVERs. who died thir-
teen years ago today. June Is, 1041
The stars are brightly shining
Upon his silent grave:
In it lies our precious one
We loved, but could not save.
Within our home, where al was bright.
Death took from us our shining light:
Each hour We miss your smiling face.
But none On earth can take your
wI1 CHILDREN AND oRANDcHu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-15
Puerto Rican Tesfifies
He Expected Death in
House Shootinus
By Jack Jonos


A Puerto Rican Nationalist
told a Federal Court jury today
that he bought a one-way tick
ct to Washington because he
expected to be killed when he
and three others staged a shoot
ing in the House last March 1.
Rafael Concel Miranda, IS, a
minor official of the Puerto
Rican Nationalist Party in New
York, said, he planned the trip,
climaxed by the shots which
wounded five Representatives.
His testimony came shortly
before the defense closed its
case. Defense attorneys called
only four witneSses-those who
are accused in the shooting.
Knew Bullets Would Kill.
Pressed by United States At
torney Leo A. Rover as to
whether he intended to kill or
hurt any one. Miranda replied:
II don't want to hurt any one,
but know bullets will kill. I am
happy that nobody was killed.
AS a human being I cannot be
satisfied to hurt any other
human being, but I am satisfied
with the act I performed there"
At this point his codefendant.
Mrs. Lolita Lebron, "a, Sobbed
audibly. When she returned to
the courtroom after a brief re-
cess her eyes were swollen and
red.
Miranda, whose father, Rafael
Concel, was released last month
after a three-year prison term
for his part in the 1850 upriS-
ing of the Nationalist Party in
Puerto Rico, insisted the demon
stration March was not plotted
by the Nationalist Party.
Claims Individual Act.
THAT was an individual action
Of ours and particularly on the
part of myself" he declared.
Miranda and Mrs. Lebron,
along with Andres Figueroa
Cordero. 20. and Irving Flores
Rodriguez. q. are on trial in
U. S. District Court for the Dis
trict of Columbia on charges Of
assault with intent to kill and
assault with a dangerous weapon.
Miranda was the last of the four
to testify. Like the others, he
said the shooting was a DEM
onstration for Puerto Rican in
dependence.
I'VE bought one-way tickets
because we thought we would be
killed." he said. so it adds up
to this: We would not have re-
turned"
1--WE did not want her (Mrs.
Lebron) to come, but she insisted
on coming with U.S." he testified.
Mr.. Rover said he would prob.
ably call only two rebuttal wit.
nesseS. It was indicated the
case might go to the jury late
today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-15
|. Howard MattingIy,
Retired FOA Official,
Takoma Park Native

L. Howard Mattingly, A, re-
tired chief Of the investment
guaranty branch Of the Foreign
Operations Administration, died
yesterday Of cancer at his home,
1904 deBeck drive. Rockville, Md.
Mr.. Mattingly had been with
FOA for three and q half years.
first as chief project ANALYST. He
had visited Europe and the Mid
die East on a number Of oc-
casions in connection with his
work.
Mr.. Mattingly was born in Ia
koma Park, Md, and attended
Northwestern University and
George Washington University.
He was in the automotive parts
business in Allegan, Mich, and
Baltimore before he Joined the
Government Is years ago. He
was first with the Census Bureau
and later was an industrial
analyst with the War Production
Board and the Foreign Economic
Administration. -
He was chief of the financial
review unit, renegotiation branch
of the Army before he Joined
FOA. He retired last September
due to illness.
Survivors are his widow, the
former Barbara Moor of West
Newton, Mass; a daughter, Mrs.
Frank Allen Sipe. Frederick, Md:
a SON, L. Howard (Chipper) Mat
tingly, jr., Of the home, and a
brother. Garrett Mattingly, pro-
fessor Of history at Columbia
University.
Private services will be held
at 8 pm. Thursday at Robert
Humphreys funeral home in
Rockville. The family requests
that any tokens of sympathy be
contributed to the American
Cancer Society.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-06-15
Mrs. Omar {. StraWn,
Prince Georges Resident

Mrs. Omar c. Strawn, 81, a
Prince Georges County resident
since 1904, died Friday at a rest
home in Laurel, Md. She lived
in Landover. Md.
Born in Maineville, Ohio, she
lived in Mississippi and New
York before she came here. Her
husband, a real estate agent,
died three years ago. Mrs.
Strawn was the former Ella
Crane.
Survivors are a daughter, Mrs.
Ella s. Tucker Of Landover; two
sons. Harry o. Of Fairfax, Va,
and Faber w. Of Los Angeles,
and a brother, Frank Crane of
American Falls, Ida.
Services were to be held today
in the Lee Funeral Home, Fourth
street and Massachusetts, avenue
NE. with burial in Fort Lincoln
Cemetery.