davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1954-05-29
Kimelmdn Of Virgin
Isle Hotel Elected to
Curib. Tourist Bodrd
Henry [. Kimelman, Man

Henry l. Kimeman, Man Radio reports say that ovel
aging Director of the Virgin five hundred prelates, includ
Isle Hotel, has just been adj ing forty Cardinals, from al
vsed of his unanimous cleo most every country in the
ton to the Board of Trustees world are in Rome for the oc
Of the Caribbean Hotel ASSo- casion. Cardinal Spellman o.
citation. s4.o. New York, one of America:
The, annual meeting Of the famous c~lergymen, arrived To-
Caribbean Hotel Association the ceremonies which vii
will be held in San Juan at the last for two days. Tomorrow
.Caribe Hilton Hotel on Tues Pope Plus XII will preside a
day, June 5. The morning SEES a solemn mass in St Peters il
sion is scheduled for ESQ pm. honor Of the new saint
Luncheon will be held at the Among the lavish -decora
..Caribe Hilton and a banquet tons being installed for thu
dinner, preceded by cocktails, ceremonies are 365 chande
is on the program at the Con=tiers with q total OF loJOO
Continued on page AZ Continued on page a
, 1954-05-29
Thousands to Witness
Cunonizdtion Of Pope
Plus x to Suinthood

Pope Plus X will be canon
lied this afternoon during spe
cial ceremonies to be held on
st, Peter Basiliica. He will be
the seyenty-eighth Pope to
be elevated to the highest hon.
or that the Roman Catholic
Church can bestow,
Radio reports say that over
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30
Economic Aid and
Technical Assistance

Assistance extended in the
past by the United States to
other free nations has played
an effective part in strength
ening the national security,
developing important re-
sources. and opening up sig
nificant opportunities. for our
selves and for others. 1t has
also carried with it, in many
instances, particularly in tech
meal cooperation and famine
relief, a deep humanitarian
response by our people. How
ever, economic aid cannot be
continued indefinitely. We
must distinguish between an
emergency and a chronic mall
ady, between a special case
and a general rule.
I subscribe, therefore, to the
principle that economic aid on
a grant basis should be termi-
mated as soon as possible con-
SiStent with our national in
terest. In cases where support
is needed to establish and equip
military forces of other gov
ernments in the interest of our
mutual defense. and where this
is beyond the economic capac-
ity of another country, our
aid should be in the form Of
grants. AS recognized by the
commission, there may be
some cases in which modest
amounts Of grant aid to under
developed countries will i'm
portantly serve the interest Of
security. l further agree that
in other situations where the
interest of the United States
requires that dollars not other
wise available to a country
should be provided, such sup
port to the maximum extent
appropriate should be in the
form of loans rather than
grants.
$3.50
I approve the recommended
tons Of the Commission on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30
in your considerations, which
provides for:

in your considerations, which
provides for:
(a) Taxation Of business i'm
come from foreign subsidiaries
or from segregated foreign
branches which operate and
elect to be taxed as subsidiaries
at a rate71 percentage points
lower than the regular cor
porate rate;
(b) Broadening the defini-
ton of foreign taxes which may
be credited against the United
States income tax to include
any tax, which is the principal
form Of taxation on business in
a. country, except turnover,
general sales taxes or excise,
and social security taxes;
Co Removing of the overall
limitation on foreign tax
credits; and
Cd Permitting regulated in
vestment companies concen-
trating on foreign investment
to pass on to their stockholders
the credit for foreign taxes
which would be available on
direct investment.
In connection with legisla-
ton authorizing the Mutual
Security Program. I suggest
that the Congress consider the
deSirability of broadening the
existing authority to guaran-
tee against losses on new in
vestment abroad. so as to COW
err losses caused by war. revolu-
ton and instruction.
The commission has pointed
out that uncertainty as to the
application Of United States
antitrust laws to the oper-
atoms Of American firms
abroad is a deterrent to foreign
investment. It recommended
that our antitrust laws be re-
stated in a manner which
would clearly acknowledge the
right Of each country to regu-
late trade within its own bor-
ders. At the same time. the
commission insisted that it
should be made clear that for
eign laws or established buSi-
ness practices which encourage
restrictive price. production or
marketing arrangements will
limit the willingness of United
States businessmen to invest
abroad and will reduce the
benefits of such investment
to the economies Of the host
countries.
have requested the Depart
ment of Justice to consider this
recommendation in connection
with its current study Of the
antitrust laws.
Buy-Americon Legislation
At present certain of our
laws require that. in specified
Federal or Federally financed
procurement. preference be
given to domestic firms over
foreign bidders. Except where
considerations of national Sc
curity, persistent and substan-
tial unemployment. or encour-
agement of small business re-
Quire otherwise, / agree with
the commission that it is inn
proper policy. unbusinesSlike
procedure and unfair to the
taxpayer for the Government
to pay a premium on its pur-
chaSes.
I request, therefore, that
legislative authority be pro-
vided to exempt from the pro-
visions Of this legislation the
bidders from nations that
treat our bidders on an equal
basis with their own nation
ais. Meanwhile, the executive
branch is clarifying the appli-
cation of these preference
principles to Government pro-
curement. It will limit the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30
Foreign Economic Policy that
the United States participation

Foreign Economic Policy that
the United States participation
In technical cooperation pro-
grams should be pressed for
ward vigorously. Such pro-
grams should concentrate on
providing experts and know
how rather than large funds
or shipments of goods except
for necessary demonstration
equipment. -. The legislation
which I shall later propose
for the Mutual Security Pro-
gram will reflect these prin-
ciples.
Eost-West Trode
In viewing the problems of
other nations of the free
world. we are forced to recog-
nize that the economies Of
some of them have been weak
ened by the disruption of the
broad historic pattern of trade
between East and West.
Curtailment of our aid pro-
grams will increase the pres
sures for resumption Of such
trade. A greater exchange of
peaceful goods between East
and West-that is, goods not
covered by the Battle Act nor
otherwise considered strategic
so far as it can be achieved
without jeopardizing national
security, and subject to our
embargo on Communist China
and North Korea, should not
cause us undue concern. I
shall, of course, take appro-
pirate action to insure that our
security is fully safeguarded.
ConvertibiIity
The commission rightly re-
CARDS positive progress toward
currency convertibility as an
indispensable condition for a
freer and healthier interna-
tional trade. Steps toward en-
abling holders of foreign cur
rencies to convert them freely
into other currencieS deserve
our encouragement.
The commission has cor
rectly observed that the initia-
tive and responsibility for in
Producing currency converti-
bility must rest with the coun-
tries concerned. I am happy to
say such initiative is being
taken. The British and other
members of the Common
wealth of Nations have met
twice. in London and in Sgd
ney. to consider plans for con-
vertibility of the pound ster-
ling. The United Kingdom and
other important nations of Eu-
rope have discussed their aims
with us. Individually they are
taking constructive steps af-
fecting their own currencies.
X + 4
Conclusion
What I have outlined to
you is a minimum program
which should be judged as a
whole. It's various parts are
interrelated; each requires the
other.
Conceived as a whole. this
program consists of four major
parts:
Aid-which we wish to cur
tail.
Investment-which we wish
to encourage.
Convertibility - which we
wish to facilitate; and,
Trade-which we wish to ex-
pand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30
Message 10 Congress
Also Urges Easing Of
Buy American Laws

A partial tert of President
EtSeRhOWeT'S message to Con-
0reSs on his foreign trade pro-
gram tollotUS::
I submit herewith for the
consideration of the Con-
gress recommendations con-
corning the foreign economic
policy OF the United States.
Due to the urgency and
significance of our problems
in this area, I previously rec
commended, and the Congress
approved. the establishment of
the Commission on Foreign
Economic Policy. It's member
ship, consisting of II elected
officials and private citizens,
was drawn from all parts of
the country and represented
diverse points of view. The
commissions report, prepared
IN the American tradition of
full debate and vigorous dis
sent. has been carefully re-
viewed by the various execu-
the departments of the Gov
eminent and forms the basis
Tor the program I submit in
this message.
Before the commission be-
gan its deliberations I said to
its members. II commend to
you an attitude both realistic
and bold. Above all, urge
you to follow one guiding prin-
ciple: What is best in the ma
tional interest"
The national interest in the
field Of foreign economic pol
icy is clear. It is to obtain, in
a manner that is consistent
with our national security and
profitable and equitable for all,
the highest possible level of
trade and the most efficient
use of capital and resources.
That this would also
strengthen our military allies.
adds urgency. Their strength
is of critical Importance to the
security of our country.
Volue of Trade
Great mutual advantages to
buyer and seller, to producer
and consumer, to investor and
to the community where in
veStment is made. accrue
from high levels of trade and
investment.
\ \ X X
In the press of other prob
lens and in the haste to meet
emergencies, this Nation-and
many other nations of the free
world-have all too often lost
sight of this central fact.
World wide depression and
wars. imitation and resultant
economic dislocations, have
left a sorry heritage: a patch
work of temporary expedients
and a host of restrictions,
rigidities. interferences and
barriers which seriously inhibit
the expansion Of international
trade. Thus are impeded the
very forces which make for
increased production, employ
ment and incomes.
\ y X X
Together we and our friends
abroad must work at the task
Of lowering the unjustifiable
barrierS-not all at once but
gradually and with full regard
for our own interests. In this
effort, the United States must
take the initiative, and, in
doing so. make clear to the
rest of the world that we
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30

expect them to follow our lead.
Many foreign restrictions
have been imposed as a con-
sequence of the so-called dol
lar gap" This phrase has be-
come the symbol of the failure
of the free world to find q
lasting solution to the imbal-
ance of international pay
ments. We, should no longer
fill it by major grants to en-
able other nations to secure
what they need but cannot
buy. Our aim must not be to
fill the dollar gap, but rather
to help close it. Our best in
terest dictates that the dollar
gap be closed by raising the
level of trade and investment.
U. S. Able to Sell
The United States stands
ready and able to produce and
sell more than the rest of the
world can buy from us. The
inability of many foreign
countries to buy our goods in
the volume we would like to
sell does not arise from any
lack of desire for these goods.
Such is far from the case.
Instead it arises out of an
inability of these nations to
pay-in dollars-for the vol
ume we have to sell.
Dollar grants are no lasting
solution to this impasse.
The solution is a higher
level of two-way trade.
X X **
Failure so to move will di-
rectly threaten our domestic
economy. for it will doom our
efforts to find ways by which
others. through their own eff
forts, can buy our goods. The
only practicable alternative is
to reduce exports. It is a
very important fact that over
4 million American workers
depend on international trade
for their employment.
Beyond our economic in
terest. the solidarity of the
free world and the capacity
of the free world to deal with
those who would destroy it
are threatened by continued
unbalanced trade relation
Ships-the inability of nations
to sell as much as they de-
sire to buy. BY moving boldly
to correct the present i'm
balance. we shall support and
increase the level Of our ex-
ports Of both manufactured
and agricultural products. We
shall. at the same time, in
crease the economic strength
of our allies. Thus shall we
enhance our own military Sc
curity by strengthening our
friends abroad.
4 +
Toriffs
I am convinced that the
gradual and selective revision
Of our tariffs, through the
tested method of negotiation
with other nations, is an es-
Sential ingredient of the con-
tinuing growth of our domestic
economy.
The Commission on Foreign
Economic Policy recommended
a three-year extension Of the
Trade Agreements Act with
amendments to authorize:
ta) Reduction, pursuant to
trade agreement negotiation.
of existing tariff rates on COM
modities selected for such ne
gotiations by not more than
5 per cent Of present rates In
each of the three years of the
new act:
tb) Reduction. by not more
than one-half over a three
year period. of tariffs in effect
on January 1. l945. on clod.
ucts which are not being inn
ported or which are being i'm
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30

so that the contracting parties
acting collectively would con-
fine their functions to spon-
soring multilateral trade ne
gotiations. recommending
broad trade policies for indi-
vidua1 consideration by the
legislative or other appropriate
authorities in the various
countries, and providing a
forum for consultation regard
ing trade disputes.
shall act promptly upon
this recommendation. At the
same time, I shall suggest to
other contracting parties re-
visions of the substantive pro-
visions of the agreement to
provide a simpler. stronger in
strument contributing more
egectively to the development
of a workable system of world
trade. When the organizational
provisions of the agreement
have been renegotiated. they
will be submitted to the Con-
greSs for its approval.
Customs Administration
And Procedure
The problems of tariff clas-
sif1cation, of proper valuation
of imported articles and of
procedures for administering
the customs are complex and
perpleXing. Over the years
these problems have grown to
the point where they now con-
stitute an unwarranted and
unattended burden on trade.
The United States may be
no worse in this regard than
many other nations, but good
business practice alone is suf-
ficient to require:
(a) Simplif1cation Of COM
modify definitions, classical
tions and rate structure.
(b) Improvement in the
methods of valuation Of i'm
ports; and
Co Establishment Of more
efficient procedures for Gus
toms administration.
To this end I shall propose
legislation providing for the
simplification of the commodity
definitions and rate structures
in the Tariff Act, after a study
by the Tariff Commission, and
subject to appropriate stand
ards to be established by the
Congress. -. I further recon-
mend that the anti-dumping
law and procedures under it be
changed so far as necessary to
permit speedier and more eff
flcient disposal of cases and
to prevent undue interference
with trade during investigation
of suspected dumping.
To provide an improved basis
for customs valuations. urge
adoption Of the Treasury's
: valuation proposals. These
are embodied in H. r. 1884.
which has already been passed
by the House of Representa-
tives.
U. S. Investment Abroad
An increased flow of United
States investment abroad could
contribute significantly to the
needed expansion of interna-
tional trade. 1t also could help
maintain a high level of
economic activity and employ
ment in the United States.
Further, such investment con-
tributes to the development
abroad Of primary resources
needed to meet our own ever
increasing needs even while 1t
helps to strengthen the econ
omies Of foreign countries. In
view of the great Importance
Of private investment to our
foreign economic policy. I
emphasize the necessity for
passage Of the administration
tax bill already recommended
to you and already advanced
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30
President Asks 3Year Extension Of Power Cut Tariff Rates

price differential favoring do
nestle producers over foreign
bidders to a reasonable per
cent dependent upon the cir
cumstances over and above
whatever tariffs may apply.
\ \ y \
Row Materials
This country Is blessed with
abundant mineral resources.
but we must make the most of
them il we are to satisfy tine
ever-increasing appetite of an
expanding economy and at the
same time maintain an ade-
quate defense posture. We
must recognize, however, that
it is not possible for this Ma
ton. or any other nation, to
produce enough of every metal
and mineral needed by modern
industry. These materials are
not evenly distributed through
out the world. We have to de-
pend on one another. Our
foreign economic policies,
therefore, must encourage the
relatively easy flow of these
materials in international
trade.
The commission has made
two sets of recommendations
which believe will materially
assist in achieving an orderly
expansion of mineral produc-
ton both here and abroad.
The first is that the United
States Government should
make a constructive contribu-
ton toward greater stability
Of world prices of raw ma
terials by moderating or relax
ing impediments to interna-
tional trade, by encouraging
diversiflcation of foreign econ
omies, by avoiding procure
ment practices which disturb
world prices. by consultation
with other nations. and by
tempering the fluctuations in
our own economy.
The second calls for in
creased encouragement of in
vestment in overseas produc-
ton by our citizens and the
nationals of other countries.
I heartily indorse these
recommendations.
Agriculture
Perhaps no sector of , our
economy has a greater stake in
foreign trade than American
agriculture. In recent years.
for example, one-third of our
wheat. 40 per cent of our cot
ton and rice. and one-fourth
Of our tobacco and soybeans
have been exported. 1t is
highly important to maintain
foreign markets for our agri-
cultural products.
Any program designed to
serve the interests Of Ameri-
can agriculture must take due
account Of the necessity for
export markets. Put in the
words of the commission, 1T
is necessary to harmonic our
agricultural and foreign eco
nomic policies without sacri-
f1cing the sound detectives of
either" ] am convinced such
reconciliation is possible. Ac-
ceptance of the recommends
tions in my agricultural mes
sage Of January IL will. ! feel
certain, help accomplish this
objective.
Merchont Marine
With respect to our ocean
shipping. We must have a mer-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30
ported only in negligible
volume; and

ported only in negligible
volume: and
tc) Reduction, over a three
year period, pursuant to trade
agreement negotiation, to so
per cent ad valorem, or its
equivalent, Of any rate in ex-
cess of so per cent ad valorem,
or its equivalent.
I have approved these rec
concentrations of the commits
sion and urge their adoption
by the Congress. I may also
recommend special provisions
for negotiation with Japan in
view of the economic prob
lens of that country.
The foregoing authority does
not contemplate across-the-
board tariff reductions. The
peril point and escape clause
procedures would, of course.
be preserved. and the three
proposed types Of rate reduc-
ton would not be cumulative.
Tariff reductions would be
made selectively on specific
commodities, and only after
notice and hearings in &C
cordance with past practice.
This would represent our part
in the gradual and careful
approach to the whole prob
lem of improved trade which
the world so urgently needs.
No sudden. sharp. or wide
spread adjustments within our
economy would be involved.
These escape. clause and
peril point provisions Of our
tariff legislation are designed
to mitigate injury to our do
mestic producers from tariff
reductions, Whenever recourse
is had to these provisions. I
shall carefully consider the
findings and recommendations
of the Tariff Commission. My
responsibilities for the welfare
of the Nation require that
continue TO base my decisions
at times on broader grounds
than the Tariff Commission is
empowered TO consider. The
Commission on Foreign Eco
nomic Policy supports this
position.
I have approved the COM
missions recommendations
that the United States with
hold reductions in tariffs on
products made by workers re-
ceiving wages which are sub
standard in the exporting
country. This policy shall be
placed in effect. I have also
approved the commission
recommendations concerning
raising Of labor standards
through consultative proce-
dures and cooperation in
international conferences such
as those sponsored by the In
ternational Labor Organiza-
ton.
These recommendations for
renewal and amendment of the
Trade Agreements Act are
based on the plain truth that
If we wish to sell abroad we
must buy abroad.
General Agreement on
Toriffs and Trode
Since 1948, virtually all the
major trading nations of the
world, including the United
States. have become parties to
a general agreement on tariffs
and trade. This agreement has
been the principal arrange
ment by which we. in the
United States. have sought to
carry out the provisions and
purposes Of the Trade Agree
ments Act. )
The Commission on Foreign
Economic Policy has recon-
mended that the United States
renegotiate the organizational
provisions Of the agreement.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30

chant marine adequate to our
defense requirements. / sub
scribe to the principle that
such support Of our merchant
feet as is required for that
purpose should be provided by
direct means to the greatest
possible extent.
International Trovel
International travel has cul-
tural and social Importance in
the free world. 1t also has
economic significance. For
eign travel by Americans is a
substantial source Of dollars
for many countries, enabling
them to pay for what we sell
them.
While the promotion of
tourism is primarily a respon-
sibility of the countries which
welcome visitors, and is a
function for private enter
prise. there are some specific
governmental actions which
can be helpful. For example,
there is H.R. 1852 which in
creases the duty-free allow
ance for tourists from $500 to
$1,000. exercisable every six
months. I recommend it's
passage. From time to time
I may have other recommen-
dations for legislative action
to stimulate travel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30

price differential favoring do
nestle producers over foreign
bidders to a reasonable per
cent dependent upon the cir
cumStances over and above
whatever tariffs may apply.
Il II II II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-03-30

ean,n
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