davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1954-08-11
Good for Egypt, Bad for IsroeI?

The settlement Of the Suez Canal dis
pute may be greeted as a welcome sign
OF change In the rigid situation that
has prevailed between Great Britain and
Egypt, in which the United States is
implicated as an anxious friend Of both
parties. However, the general relief felt
as q result of the establishment of this
restricted sector of peaceful relations
should not obscure the profound dis
trust that must arise as a result of the
fact that Egypt continues its unfiagging
intentions Of aggression against Israel,
and that as an inducement for accept
ing England's evacuation Of military
position held for rs years, Egypt is also
being offered an extra bonus Of free
grants of arms from the United States.
Israel cannot be expected to stand by
as q silent witness while the threat to
its security is increasingly ramified and
organized. The British evacuation of
the Suez Canal will leave Egypt in pos
session of one of the great military
bases in the world. Once in Egypt's
hands the stores, the equipment and
the vast military installations Of the
base will bring Egypt's greatly increased
military strength right up to Israel's
southern borders. Moreover, the value of
American arms, which in this backward
area is incalculable, is going to be still
further enhanced by American military
guidance and organization.
E, Thus, what Egypt is receiving Is OBJ
viously quite substantial; what 1t is
giving Isl dubious.
In point of fact, Egypt is at present
in the position of self-confessed and
unregenerate violator of United Ma
tions decisions. 1t has not only made
no modification of its intransigent po-
sition with respect to Israel, it has not
only rejected all proposals to transform
the armistice agreement with Israel
into a treaty Of peace, but on the eve Of
the recent preliminary Anglo Egyptian
agreement, Salah Salem, Egypt's Min
lister OF National Guidance, made the
following public declaration on the ra-
dio during visit to Beirut. as though
to lend a defiant emphasis to Egypt's
unchanging vindictiveness:
Il "As for the problem Of Palestine, that
is problem which can be solved only
by force. That force will not be achieved
until the Suez Canal is freed. The
Egyptian army is unable to fight as long
Evening star., 1954-08-11
The Bride

Priscilla and her husband tDalk dotDn
the pdTTot0 street.
And all the villaOe people turn to
smile or stare:
GIGncing at the naughty lift of her
slender feet
Noticing the subtle tDdv OF sunlight
Dith her hair.
NARROWED eyes of tpomen match as he
bends GboUe her,
Women uho haze loued and k,1oiDn
the iDays OF life and death;
See each little gesture that PROBES
himself her loper.
With tired lips lifting and sob
beneath their breath.
But loDely young Priscilla. yet untouched
By sorToiD.
Goes lightly doipn the Uillage street,
from Others set apart:
UnqiDdTe of envious eyes or toIlGt may
be tomorrow,
Conscious only OF the loUe that leans
against her heart.
Marion Doyle
Evening star., 1954-08-11
1t Could Be Important

BY the terms Of the bill 1t has sent to
the President, Congress recognizes the
right of residents of the District of Column
bia to participate in the choice of District
delegates and alternates to the national
political conventions. Recognizing that
right Congress has provided for board
Of elections, which will set up the machin-
cry for and supervise the choice of the
delegates.
One of the beneficial results of the bill,
when made law by the Presidents sigma
ture, is that it will emphasize the indefen-
sible anomaly which Congress must some
day remove. The anomaly will be provided
by the spectacle of elections in the District
Of Columbia, regulated by law. of delegates
and alternates to political convention
called to nominate a President and Vice
President Of the United States. But the
same people who elect the District dele
gates for the nomination of President and
Vice President will have no right to partici-
pate in the final election of that President
and Vice President by the people of the
United States.
That is condition which makes no
sense, and in The Stars opinion the formal
election, under law, of District delegates to
political conventions will help to publicize
the un-American denial to residents of
Washington Of real voting representation in
their National Government. The law to
regulate choice of delegates to political
convention has been long in coming, but
now that 1t is almost here it could be the
logical forerunner of more important voting
rights. For that reason, it will be welcome
addition to the statutes.
Evening star., 1954-08-11
New STRENGTH in the BoIkdns

The military alliance just negotiated
and signed between Greece, Turkey and
Yugoslavia promises to add very substantial
strength to the Western defenses in the
Balkan area.
It was in March, 1858, that these three
powers initiated pact of friendship and
collaboration" In July of last year, the trio
announced jointly and through individual
amplifying statements Of each Of their for
eign ministers that the accord between
them would include military cooperation
BY coincidence, if not by design, these dec
larations of intent came closely after the
Soviet government had opened an obvious
peace offensive" in the Balkans-waiving
long standing territorial claims on Turkey
and proposing resumption Of full diplomatic
relations with Greece and Yugoslavia. That
these friendly" gestures would not be al
lowed to deter the Balkan states from their
plans for military collaboration was made
clear by their statements then.
The terms of the new agreement take
into account not only the mutual interests
but also the differences in status among the
three powers. For example, all are men,
bers of the United Nations. The treaty
specifically repledges allegiance to that or
ganization and promises use Of arms only
in accordance with q. N. principles. Only
Greece and Turkey, however, are members
of NATO. The treaty, therefore, does not
expressly commit Yugoslavia to direct mill
tary action on behalf of NATO but it does
provide for immediate consultation should
a NATO nation be attacked. The effect, 1t
would seem, is to draw YugoSlavia closer to
the military alliance that really Is the key
stone to the entire defense structure Of the
West.
The timing of the Balkan agreement
may be fortunate also. Progress in efforts
to strengthen further the defense arrange
ments for continental Europe has been
halted pending French and Italian decision
on the European Defense Community. The
French Assembly Is scheduled to debate
ratification of the EDO treaty this month.
Italy has been standing by-meanwhile ne
gotiating with YugoSlavia on the Trieste
issue. The latter is reported near resolu-
ton and the example Of positive and collec-
tive action by the Balkan powers on behalf
Of their own security may have good effect
upon the governments of Paris and Rome.
Throughout the development Of this
Balkan alliance, the three governments
have suggested several times that other
nearby states would be welcomed into some
form Of closer association. While it Is not
likely that Soviet satellites in South apd
Central Europe can be lured easily away
from Moscow, the freedom and the cour-
age of the Balkan entente could be tempt
ing to countries that have been suffering
for decade now from the iron-handed
domination Of the Kremlin. There may,
III other words, be substantial psychological
as well as military values stemming from
the new alliance.
Evening star., 1954-08-11
What Manner of Justice?

The freeing of time gangster
Roger (The Terrible) Touhy by Federal
Judge John P. Barnes in Chicago is an
astonishing thing. It Is amazing that a
Federal district judge should, in effect, re-
verse the United States Supreme Court,
which in 1947 denied Touhy's appeal based
on apparently the same grounds And it
is disturbing to know that this notorious
hoodlum, once described by FBI Director
Hoover as leader of one of the "most vicious
and dangerous gangs in the country, is at
large again. What manner of justice is
this?
The tears which Touhy shed for the
benefit Of reporters who greeted him on
his release on $4,000 bond are hardly in
character with this man. The Touhy gang
won its terrible" reputation during long
reign of lawlessness in Chicago in the roar
Ing I'twenties and thirties. It.was a rum
rubbing, gun-swinging mob that included
such hardened criminals as Basil (The OWD
Banghart, reputed to be the gangs chief
machine gunner, and Eddie Darlak, con-
. victed of killing policeman. Touhy man
aged to escape serious trouble with the
police, however, until the FBI ran him
down for the kidnapping in 1888 OF Jake
(The Barbef) Factor. There never was
any doubt on the part of the FBI that
Touhy was the kidnaper, and FBI evidence
against him was used to convict him in
the State courts, since the kidnapping did
not involve interstate transportation Of the
victim. Touhy's appeals through the State
courts and on to the United States Supreme
Court were futile.
Now, 20 years after Touhy's i'm
prisonment, Federal Judge Barnes has
granted a i1abeas corpus writ freeing the
gangster-b because the Judge says he is con-
vinccd that perjured testimony was used to
gain conviction, that Touhy did not have
counsel of his own choice and that the kid
naping itself was hoax perpetrated by the
victim to forestall his extradition to Eng
land to face fraud charges. (How such
hoax would forestall extradition is not made
clear.) Presumably Judge Barnes (who has
been studying the Touhy case for several
years. had no more evidence of false testi-
mony or OF other trial defects than did the
State tribunals and the Supreme Court
which denied Touhy's appeals. OF course
Touhy can be retired, but what chance
would there be of another conviction so
many years after the crime was committed?
If any of the original witnesses are avail
able, their memories of events more than
90 years ago are apt to be rather vague
today.
So the prospects are that one of the
Nations most vicious. outlaws will roam
at large indefinitely, thanks to a judicial
action that Is bound to bewilder the average
law-abiding citizen. Small wonder that
confidence in the courts as protectors OF the
general public Is being shaken in these days
of judicial overemphasis Of the so-called
'rights" of criminals.
Evening star., 1954-08-11
| etters to he Star

whether she had our help or not
would Turkey. Pakistan has already
expressed her willingness to be q charter
member Of any mutual security organi-
zation for Asia. India refuses.
The door is now open for our help
through the Arms Aid Agreement. The
great danger is that PakistaN's ef-
fectiveness IN such q struggle will be
reduced. because reutralist midas
antagonism might succeed In slowing
the buildup. It Is really strange
situation. for Pakistan. both in the
northeast and in the northwest, is
midas main defense on the possible
Red invasion routes.
p. Carter Speers.
Evening star., 1954-08-11
Dovid FuirchiId

DR.. David Fairchild, dying at IS, once
wrote that "the world was my garden" He
60 titled the best known Of his several books
Evening star., 1954-08-11
Questions and Answers

a reader can get the answer TO any question
OF @ fact BY writins The Evening Star Intor-
ton 5. D G Please inclose three Is, ents for
return ncstaFe
Evening star., 1954-08-11
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

@. How many Rhodes scholars are
elected in the United States every
year?--J. v.
A. Thirty-two. The only variations
in this number occurred when Rhodes
Scholarships were interrupted by war.
The scholarships are tenable at the
University Of oxford, England. and
each appointment is made for two
years in the first instance, with q
possible third year to follow.
Evening star., 1954-08-11

@. Will members of Congress make
appointments to the new Air Force
Academy as they do to West Point
and Annapolis?-W. j. p.
A. Yes. Members of Congress have
255 to start. After the Academy gets
into full swing at its permanent loca-
tion at Colorado Springs, Colo, the to-
tai enrolment will rise from 800 to
about 2,496.
Evening star., 1954-08-11

@. What do gophers feed on?-N. s.
A. Gophers. or prairie dogs. live on
green vegetation, illsec.a, and an occa-
sional egg or young bird. They can
go longer without water than camels,
obtaining moisture from grasses or
other plant food.
Evening star., 1954-08-11

@. Is it true that bayberries must
be gathered after frost If they are to
be used for making candles?-F. F.
A. Yes. Unfrosted berries contain no
wax. Bayberry candles if unadulter-
ated, are fragrant and dripless.
Evening star., 1954-08-11

Q. When the 2O0-inch Hale tele-
scope was set up on Palomar Noun
tain, California, it was said to be so
powerful that it could pick up the
light of candle thousands of miles
distant. Is this true?-F. D.
A. Yes, it is. The telescope could
detect the. flame Of a single candle
$4,000 miles away.
Evening star., 1954-04-04

Free speech" for employers
in labor disputes: nom Com
muniSt affidavits from employ
ers as well as union heads;
fewer restrictions on secondary
boycotts.
There was no substantial
change in Taft-Hartley ham
ding of national emergency
strikes.
Just such a strike was ended
in the port of New York last
week-but the existing labor
law still did not have the sit
uation under control. (See
story by James Y. Newton on
page A-31)
The old racket-infested In
ternational Longshoremen'S
Association had walked out
last fall when its contract ex-
pired. The union had been
thrown out of the AFL. and
pressure was put on the em-
ployers by city and State Of
flcials to recognize the new.
pure, ILA-AFL as representa-
tive of the longshoremen.
Injunction Issued
A Taft-Hartley injunction
stopped the strike for 80 days.
Then the old lila won" a
disputed election among the
longshoremen. Since then.
work has been tied up in a
series of official and informal
strikes by the lila, and the
problem of union representa-
tion has been tied up in legal
action. A new election was
ordered.
AS last week opened most
Of the waterfront was closed
down while grand juries and
courts studied the strickland
the future of the LILA.
But the NLRB produced an
argument which spelled back
to work" for the lila. The
labor board said If the strike
did not stop. then the lila
would be left off the new elec-
ton ballot. Strikers were
ordered back to their jobs.
Both unions squared of for
another brass-knuckles ballot
box battle.
Evening star., 1954-04-04
Nearby Votes

Votes Of Maryland and Vir-
girfia representatives on the
major roll calls in Congress
during the period March 27
through April 2.
Senate
Bill to admit Hawaii and
Alaska into the Union. Passed.
57-28.
For: Beall (R., Md.
Against: Butler (R.. Md, Byrd
3D.. Va). Robertson 3D.. Va.).
House
Motion to recommit housing
redevelopment bill with in
structions to add provision for
$4,000 public housing units
yearly for four years (the Eli
senhower program), Rejected,
176-211.
Against: Hyde (R., Md. Small tR.
Md. Broyhill (R.. vao. Smith 3D..
Val.
Evening star., 1954-04-04

Continued From Page A-29.)
excise tax cut bill signed into
law on Wednesday.
It was the second tax break
for individuals In four months.
On January 4. personal In
come taxes were reduced 10
per cent. The new reduction
cut Federal sales taxes ON q
variety Of luxury goods. house
hold wares, luggage. phone
calls. amusement tickets, sport
ing goods, cameras and foun-
tain pens.
Old rates were set during
the Korean war. They ranged
from Is per cent on phone
calls to 10 per cent on house.
hold appliances. New rates
cut most Of these in half.
Wartime high taxes will re-
main. however, on such things
as automobiles and liquor:
New price tags were hung
in the stores Thursday morn
ing. except for a few instances
in which the seller decided not
to pass the cut on to the Gus
toner and few instances
where new prices on articles
taxed at the manufacturers
level had not been figured out.
Local merchants said they
noticed a slight upturn in sales
Ia picture reflected across the
Nation. But the real effects
were expected to be felt grad
ually.
President Eisenhower, in
signing the bill, said he hoped
it would result in an upturn in
business. Secretary of the
Treasury Humphrey predicted
just such an event.
Inat, however, was the only
piece Of good news for the
Treasury. Mr.. Humphrey,
when recommending the origi~,
nal bill to Congress had asked
only that wartime excise taxes
be Standardization that would
bring in $1,077. 900, 900 q year
into the Treasury. But by the
time Congress finished its
work, taxes had been cut to
the tune Of 1893 million. It
was net gain to the Govern
ment Of only $78 million.
Next tax cutting will take
place in a few weeks when
Democratic Senators get q
chance at the large omnibus
tax revision bill. Democratic
leaders have promised to cut
personal income taxes again by
raising individual exemptions.
Housing
The administrations public
Evening star., 1954-04-04

housing program was down
again, up again and down
again last week as the Presi-
dents own party helped adj
minister the coup de grace.
Here was the situation when
the week opened:
President Eisenhower had
asked for a four-year extern
sion Of the housing program,
requesting specifically. that
100000 homes, $4,000 a year,
be built during that period.
But the House Appropriations
Committee hung q rider on a
money bin to specify that not
more than $4,000 units could
be built. 10000 of them in the
coming fiscal year.
A group Of conservative Re-
publicanS, however, believed
even that was too much. So
when the bill came to the
House floor. the group pro-
tested that permission to build
$4,000 homes was Legislation"
in an appropriation bill and
therefore contrary to House
rules. The objection was suS-
tanned; even the $4,000 figure
was thrown out.
But administration leaders
claimed. after passage of the
bill. that instead Of killing
all public housing. the action
had left the Government with
permission to build almost 35,-
600 units now scheduled or
in the works.
Then, when a general hous-
ing bill came to the House
later in the week, an attempt
was made by Democrats to
authorize the full Eisenhower
request. It was beaten down
by a Republican-led major
ity. And a Republican try for
amodest a $4,000 homes for fls-
cal IS was defeated by Demo-
Gratis and Republicans.
So as the week ended the
administration could build only
the homes already programmed
for.
Evening star., 1954-04-04

ka. normally Democratic, wait
a while. The House last year
duly voted for Hawaiian state
hood.
But the Senate changed the
picture. 1t voted a statehood
bill last week that included
both Hawaii and Alaska. It
was move thought to be de-
signed to kill both proposals,
but enough Republicans and
Northern Democrats were will
ing to accept both Territories
that the bill was passed by a
vote of 81 to %.
The measure now goes back
to the House. where opposition
to either Hawaii or Alaska
adds up on paper to more than
>enough to defeat the bill.
But If President Eisenhower
changes his mind and decides
to accept Alaska. then the bill
would stand a good chance Of
passage.
Evening star., 1954-04-04
Butter

The Eisenhower farm pro-
gram, calls for a continuation
Of price supports. but a grad
ual reduction in most OF them.
Supports in the future would
vary inversely with surplus
stocks on hand.
Last week one Of the first
steps was taken in the pro-
gram. Supports for butter
were dropped from 90 to IS
per cent Of parity. (Parity is
the price at which the farmer
is assumed to get a fair" re-
turn for his produce. On sew
eral crops, the legal minimum
Evening star., 1954-04-04
Statehood

The issue Of early statehood
for Hawaii and Alaska ap-
peared to be in President Eli
senhower's lap again last week
after the Senate voted a
change in the Chief Execu-
tive's original plans for those
Territories.
The President had recon-
mended that Hawaii, normally
Republican. be given state
hood this year, but that Alas
Evening star., 1954-04-04
Metropolitan Scene:
CreditSmith With q Sove
In Rescuing Copper Act
By John w. Thompson, Jr.

Dy JOHN W.
Timely Intervention by vet
eran. Representative Howard
Smith, Democrat. of Virginia
saved a pretty important area
project on the House floor the
other day. 1t was the Capper-
Cramton Act.
To Virginia, the act means
land acquisition on a $3.50
matching basis for the long
planned and partially COM
pleted George Washington Me-
mortal parkway along the Po-
tomac Shoreline. Uncle Sam is
building the road and will have
title to the parkway.
To Maryland. it means COM
pletion Of the development Of
its stream valleys as parks and
connecting them-a project
only a little more than half
complete.
To the District, it means
Federal advances Of about $4
million for parks and play
ground land purchase - what
is left of a total SIG million
non-intereSt- bearing advance
authorized when the act was
passed in 1890,
Three Little Words
All this was at stake in three
words in the big independent
Offices appropriation bill which
described an item of $545, 900
as "a final appropriation" un-
der the act.
It was the expressed intent
Of the Appropriations Commit
tee by this means to force q
review Of the act. If the Ian
guage had remained unchanged
additional legislative authori-
zation would have been re-
Quired before any more money
could have been granted.
Quietly Mr.. Smith told the
House that the language null
lifted the act. constituted leg
islation in an appropriation bill
and would "leave us just where
we were before" The COM
mittee spokesman handling
the bill conceded this was true.
The Virginian's point Of
order striking the limiting
language from the bill was
sustained.
Under the act the land pur-
chase in all three Jurisdictions
is handled by the National
Capital Planning Commission.
PIons Gone Awry
Veteran District officials say
the intent of the act. as far
as the District was concerned,
was that the city would borrow
the whole SIG million at once,
buy the land and repay at about
81 million a year for Is years.
1t never happened that way
somehow. Appropriations COM
mittees over the years since
1880 have cut back money re-
quests to the point that only
piecemeal acquisition was pos
sible.
To date the city has been
granted advances of roughly
$12 million through the plan
ming commission. About $11
million has been repaid.
The House action sustain
ing Mr.. Smith was as wise as
it was correct. Any time it
wants to it can review the
Capper- -Cramton Act through
proper legislative procedures.
%&+
Odd Decision
That was an odd ruling
the other day by the majority
of the Court Of Appeals in the
Capital Transit Co. bond re-
demption and dividend-pay-
ment plan.
In effect the majority told
the Public Utilities Commits
sion: You haven't made a
case against the company yet
but we'll give you until April
rs to see what you can dig
up."
The company wants to re-
deem $3.9 million in bonds.
thereby releasing some surplus
funds and permit payment of
q 1894, 1000 quarterly dividend.
While this was going on in
the courts. the move at the
Capitol to control utility divi-
Evening star., 1954-04-04
Trade

President Eisenhower un-
veiled a key part of his "for-
ward-looking" legislative pro-
gram last week. but the
legislators showed little in
clination to look forward with
him.
The recommendations were
on foreign trade. The Presi-
dent told Congress American
trade policy had to be liberal
lied so that the free world
could be helped in its struggle