Evening star., 1954-01-10
Eisenhower Backs
Putting Of Reserves
I'm Two Categories
BY the Asseeiassd Press

President Eisenhower yester-
day ordered "a new approach"
ito military reserve policies which
eventually may divide the Ma
stion's youth into these two cate
gorieS:
/. An Immediately callahle
reserve" consisting of we'll
trained men who would be ready
for immediate military service.
2. A "selectively callable re-
serve" composed Of men who
would be subject to. recall or
deferment on the basis of occu-
patton, special Skills. age. mari
tai and parental status, and
other factors.
In correspondence released by
the White House, President
Eisenhower agreed "in general"
with recommendations along
these lines submitted by Arthur
S. Flemning. director of the
once Of Defense Mobilization,
UNIT Plans Held Up.
The new approach which Gen.
Eisenhower directed Mr.. Flem-
ming to follow through on, will
-"hold in allegiance" any plans
for universal military training
pending a thorough study of
.nanpower reserve problems.
DR.. Flemming's recommended
tions were based on a report by
q special 24-man committee
headed by Lawrence A. Appley,
president of the American Man.
.agement Association.
This committee, noting that
The future "is fraught with grave
uncertainties in respect to mill
tary requirements" said:
The old concept of military
manpower in terms of sheer
numbers of people is being re-
placed by the concept Of man
power in terms of special apti-
tudes and skills-a concept which
is fully as germane to building
the strength of the national
civilian economy"
1t said that "a program based
on a training period which is in
suficient to provide the kinds of
military skills most urgently re-
quired creates the illusion rather
than the substance of a trained
military reserve"
Reserve Forces Inadequate.
DR.. Flemming told the Presi-
dent that I'VE do not now have
reserve forces adequately organ
lied and trained to meet the
needs OF national emergency"
and said:
In planning intelligently for
an age Of peril, we must reach a |
determination as to the proper
size and composition of our re-
serve forces promptly and ac-
curately. This problem is as sus-
ceptible Of solution as the prob
lem Of determining the size and
composition Of our active mill
tary forces"
! The Appley committees rec
concentrations differed from
those of the National Security
Training Commission headed by
Julius Ochs Adler, vice president
and general manager of the New
York Times.
The Adler Commission re.
ported last month that a token
training" Of 100000 men an
l1ually under UNIT should ne
started by next January !. It
said the program could be oper-
ated simultaneously with the
draft, by using a lottery system
to determine whether an 1S-year-
old should be indicted into the
armed forces or sent into train
ing.
Wants 3 Million in Uniform.
DR.. Flemming's report revealed
that the Defense Department es-
Inmates the armed forces will
need an average of three million
men in uniform through 1860. |
There now are approximately 3.3l
million in the armed services.
DR.. Flemming recommended,
and Gen. Eisenhower agreed,
that the National Security Coun-
al should decide the "size and
composition of military reserve
forces needed in the light of
current and future national Sc