davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-10-02

Mrs. Elizabeth WHEELER is doing
nicely at Forest County Hospital.
She wishes to thank her friends
for their cards, flowers and visits
during her illness.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-10-02

Mrs. Armelda G. Tharpe has
gone to the windy City" to visit
her sister. We sincerely hope her
stay will be pleasant one.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-10-02

The Mt. Oliver Church will begin
seal saving campaign Monday
night after the first Sunday, Oct.
4. The evangelist is the Rev. C.
B. Guile of Laurel, Miss. Rev. E.
L. Jones, pastor.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1954-10-02

The Singing Union No. 2 will
be held at the Mt. Zion NJ. B.
Church. Rev. F. L. Barns, pastor;
Miss James Dace, president; Miss
Wherlin Carr, secretary.
Evening star., 1954-11-24
Life in the u. S.
Life in the U. S.
Dog Is WMed
Cash, Dies of
Broken Heart
BY the Associated Press

PATERSON, N. j., Nov. "a
Sandy. a 10-year-old boxer dog
which stood to inherit $1,000,
died in a city pound early to-
day-apparently grieying over
his late owner.
When his owner. Mrs. jose
phine Zuzak. 73, was found dead
from natural causes in her home
two weeks ago. Sandy lay on the
bed beside her body.
Later Sandy was believed lost,
but was turned up In the city
pound--where he refused to eat
or drink. Senior Dog Warden
Manuel Goldring said the dog
was pining away for his owner.
Mrs. Zuzak's win was filed for
probate yesterday in the Passaic
County Surrogate's Office, and II
provided that $1,000 be left In
trust for Sandy.
The will also provided that
If the 81 900 was found not need
ed for Sandy, it would go instead
to two New York City institu-
tions.
But the loss Of his owner ap-
parently was too much for Sam
day. He died shortly before 2
am. today.
Evening star., 1954-11-24
constontine Brown
Vishinsky, Master Turncoot
The Former Choir Singer Switched From Socialist
To Menshevik to Communist to Legal Murderer

adolescence to kiss the hand
Of the Russian Orthodox par
ish priest, which sometimes
was not scrupulously clean.
It is difficult to conceive that
he could have so completely
rejected his Maker in later
life.
Vishinsky, like many stu
dents Of his period. became a
Socialist and later a Menshe-
vik--opposed to bolshevism-
before he came to realize that
in order to obtain a place in
the Russian sun he had to join
the Communist Party.
The Czarist oligarchy had
become completely outmoded
in Russia after the turn Of the
century. The move for liberal,
ization and for a real consti-
tutional government was es-
poused enthusiastically by the
intellingentsia and particularly
by the younger generation in
colleges and universities. It
was discreetly shared even by
the enlightened members Of
the aristocracy, including some
Of the family of the Romanoff
dynasty. Vishinsky, an am
bilious intellectual. Joined en-
Enthusiastically in the move but
never advocated extreme vio-
lence. But he was quick to
realize that bolshevism had
gained in the battle for Rus-
sia. And instead of sulking in
his tent he Joined the move
rather than stand on his prin-
ciples and risk being sent to
a labor camp.
Vishinsky's brilliant legal
qualities brought him to the
attention of Trotsky and later,
when this Lenin partners star
began to set, Vishinsky went
to Stalin's camp. The Red
dictator was not particular
about the past of his servants.
He could dispose of them with
ease If they showed signs of
Evening star., 1954-11-24
Dorothy Thompson
No Relaxation Of Tension Seen
Todoy's international Incidents Only Few Years Ago
Would Have Meant War, but Atom Changed That

the Germans. as they have
reason to be.
In World War I, Germany,
fighting on two fronts, defeat
ed Russia, and only the West
ern victory prevented the de-
struction Of the Russian En-
pire.
In World War II, Russia
again was saved from defeat
by the Germans having to fight
simultaneously with Great
Britain and the United States.
A German military power
secure in the West will, the
Russians fear, wage fsoonef' or
later q revenge" war-mean-
ing q war to recover the indis-
putably German territory an
nexed by the Soviet Union and
Communist Poland by uni
lateral action.
The argument that the Ger
man army as part of the Euro
pean Union and NATO will be
restrained by its allies obvi-
ously fails to quiet Russian
apprehensions.
Granted that neither France,
Britain nor the United States
would join Germany in a war
to unity the country and re-
cover her lost lands, suppose
Germany should eventually
undertake the project alone
with nothing from the West
except disinterested neutrality,
providing her aims are limited?
There are people in Germany
who speculate thus: Sooner or
later there must be a settle
ment with Russia, by diplo-
macy If possible. by war If
necessary. There are German
military minds who speculate
that this could be accom-
plished by force without a
world war resulting-that the
West could be persuaded to let
Germany and Russia fight it
out next time between them
selves, and that the result
would be a German victory.
Certainly Russian intelli-
gence is informed of such spec
ulations. They do not dominate
today. But who can tell what
will dominate tomorrow?
Normally speaking" one
Evening star., 1954-11-24
Constantine Brown

II Andrei Vishinsky. the
Kremlin's most vitriolic Char
lie Mccarthy, had passed
away in his homeland there
would have been much spec
ulation that he had been put
away by his superiors.
Violent death is a fate that
awaits most, If not all, mem
bers of the Communist hier-
archy and many of lesser rank.
But there seems to be no
doubt that ViShinksy died
after a severe attack Of a
heart ailhnent he had suf-
fered with for q number Of
years.
Vishinsky's death causes no
sorrow but just a little SYM
pathy from all believers in
God and religion. This cruel
individual who was instru-
mental in the illegal" murder
of the f1rst-echelon Commu-
nists In 1896, many of whom
were his old-time friends,
must have had some of the
seeds of religion in him which
had been planted in his youth.
For it was not until he was 81
years old that he Joined the
ranks of the atheists.
Vishinsky was the son of a
rich Odessa lawyer who traced
his family lineage to a baron
Of the Holy Roman Empire.
He was brought UP like all
children of the upper middle
class in Russia in belief In
God and a hereafter.s AS a
child he regularly attended
church and followed the habit
of other Russians in the PEE
riod of the Czars Of uncovering
and crossing himself every
time he passed a church. In
his early youth he even sang
in the church choir. He re-
counted with scorn, in Moscow
in the late 20s, how it was
distasteful to him in his
Evening star., 1954-11-24
Dorothy Thompson

What increased security
measures" the Russians plan
to take if and when the Brus-
sells treaty is ratified and
West Germany becomes a
member of NATO, nobody
knows. The Russians will,
however, remain in East Ger
many and prevent the reuni-
f1cation of the country, and
it is. inconceivable as of the
present time that they will
withdraw from Austria, and
from Hungary and Romania.
It will take an estimated
two years to create the new
German army, and the proc
ess Of building it win go on
while the country, under the
protection of Western troops,
is surrounded everywhere In
the East, and to the center Of
Berlin, with Russian-directed
armed forces determined to
prevent it.
That such a condition prom
ises no relaxation of inter-
national tensions" is obvious.
Were the atmosphere what
it was in 1899, one would pre-
dict certain war. But over
the whole world the spectacle
Of another war. immeasurablyN
more destructive than the
last. appears as impossible"
it's outcome politically and
militarily unpredictable, and
promising little advantage
even to victors.
Thus, incidents that Is years
ago would certainly have
caused immediate war (such as
the shooting down Of American
planes) pass with only formal
protests. Thus, the Russian
stand on German rearmament,
which once would have been
taken as an ultimatum, whose
rejection would be automati-
cally followed by war, fails to
cause international panic.
The extraordinary situation
exists that peace. in the sense
that all-out clashes between
two bitterly hostile great power
blpcs is avoided, is kept by the
ever-growing ornaments Of
both sides: A peace through
fear which has, I think, no
historic parallel.
This abnormality makes It
impossible to say, Normally
speaking -"
Normally speaking" the re-
arming Of a nation which has
recently made a demonstration
Of amazing military prowess,
before its status is settled be-
tween Its victors, and while it
has bitter outstanding griev-
ances. would make war GER
tain.
The Russians are, I believe,
genuinely scared to death of
Evening star., 1954-11-24
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

What happened to Joe McCarthy's elbow? Well imagine
what would happen elbow you spent the
five years patting yourself the back.
Democrats post $4,000 for recount Ohio Politics
the business of spending friends money you
get into position where you spend your enemies
The U. N Political Committee unanimously approves Ike's
plan. Things improving The only thing
that used to get unanimous approval at the u the
cocktail hour.
Ike gets presidential airplane that will at
335 miles hour Now when Augusta and there's
meeting in Washington, he
they finish the first nine.
Russia names Jacob Mak as its new u N Ambassador
Russian actors and diplomats
cess. Follow the script carefully-and ad lib.
Some Southern Democrats boom Sam Rayburn of Texas
for national chairman. or the perfect politician
friends he makes he keeps The makes outves
Ike it's all right for soldiers wives live
There's less chance Of international trouble
the American soldier keep company wife he's
married to.
Evening star., 1954-11-24

the tense period preceding
United States entry into World
War II.
Gen. Eisenhower wants peace
and so do Americans. But
the price may be high and
unpalatable as, for example, it
might mean admitting Red
China into the United Ma
tionS.
Franklin Roosevelt wanted
freedom to survive the Nazi-
Fascist onslaught and so did
Americans. But the price was
war or the risk Of war.
The Roosevelt opposition
mobilized into America First
in an attempt to keep him
from paying a price they were
not prepared to accept. The
Eisenhower opposition tried to
move into position with the
Bricker amendment, and the
rnushrooming McC cCarthy prop
aganda outfits indicate the
shape Of the new-style Amer
lea First he may expect to
encounter In the clinches.
A counter propaganda COM
mittee organized by the late
William Allen White came to
Roosevelt's aid. 1t may be that
some such solution will soon
be in order for Gen. Eisen-
hover.
Evening star., 1954-11-24
Doris FIeeson-
Doris Feeson-
Eisenhower Champions Peace
President Is Determined to Advance Cause at Price
Unacceptable to Some Segments of Public Opinion

The great story in Washing
ington today is President Eli
senhower's determination to
advance the peace Of the world
even at a price unacceptable to
some segments of American
public opinion.
Nothing being done here
compares in Importance to it
and any attempt to forecast
how it will develop would be
foolish.
The Presidents method was
: demonstrated again at this
weeks press conference. sTt had
particular point because Sem
ate Republican Leader Know
land has called for q review
of his foreign policy to see
whether a change Of direction
Is warranted.
First, the President re-as-
sured the Nation that the adj
ministration is wary and in
tends to lead from strength.
He promised to take nothing
for granted in dealing with
Moscow and said again that
Russia's basic aim Is world
domination.
Then he held out hope. He
will not hold back, he said,
from any step to advance the
Evening star., 1954-11-24

peace Of the world. He will
talk with the Russians when
ever he is convinced they want
to talk earnestly and sincere
1y about peace.
Finally, he refused to be
drawn into an argument with
Senator Knowland, who also
wants to break off relations
with Russia.
The Presidents determina-
tion not to enlarge war areas
has been twice tested. Last
spring he refused to send ad.
ditional United States aid dis
Diem Bien Phu was falling
with the accompanying risk
that Indo- China would 60,
too. Again recently he We
toed more aid for the Nation
alist Chinese and sent an
emissary to Formosa to damp
en- down the Quemoy fighting.
There will be other tests Of
his nerve. The most likely
trouble spot is still Formosa,
and the Red Chinese could
precipitate it as well as Chang
Kai-shek.
The situation which is de-
veloping as the President pre-
pares to stake his leadership
on the prevention of atomic
war has much in common with
Evening star., 1954-11-24

you are not trying to destroy
some one else. But he ernpha-
sized that the word peaceful"
is an adjective which has
many connotations and that.
If we are talking about those
words in the sense of lulling
ourselves into complacency
while the other fellow is not
friendly or peaceful, then it
is something to watch very
closely.
Gen. Eisenhower was par
ticularly forceful as he dis
cussed a question propounded
to him by the Christian Gem
tury correspondent, who read
the objectives recently stated
by the World Council of
Churches which met at Evans
ton, Ill. Those objectives con-
cerned universal enforceable
disarmament" the prohibition
of atomic weapons, and the
conviction that "it is possible
for nations and peoples to live
together in a divided world"
The President thought these
ideals were all right as goals,
but he pointed out that the
world is also made up of a
lot of selfish and greedy peo-
pie of ignoble qualifications
and qualities. He said peoples
were of a dual nature and
that, If anybody thinks the
United States can be in a
better position in the pursuit
of peace by being weak, he
must disagree 100 per cent.
He said he couldn't say 1t too
emphatically. but he hoped
we wouldn't try again to find
peace in the world by disarm-
ing ourselves and being weak
and unready.
Gen. Eisenhower might have
added that nowhere in the
most respected books on
Christian ethics is there to be
found any doctrine which
condones the suicide of the
individual or the suicide of
the state.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1954-11-24

not toeing the line. But he
recognized in this new turn
coat a personality which he
could use successfully in the
legal murders he had decreed
to get rid Of the last Of the
contenders for the mantle Of
Lenin.
ViShinsky's chameleonic past
more than his bourgeois origin
prevented him from ever be-
coming intimate In the Krem-
lin councils. Throughout his
late career, even when he was
foreign minister Of the U.s..
S.R., he was a mere executive
officer and not q policy maker.
Decisions frequently unknown
to him before they were
adopted were given to him to
put into effect without ques-.
tion as to their purpose.
Stain relied on Vishinsky's
oratory and biting sarcasm to
give the illusion that the ever
changing tactics of the Krem-
lin were in keeping with the
fundamental policy of the
Soviet government.
In Russia, Vishinsky was
accepted as a good func-
tionary. But in the free world
this man, a former Soviet
Foreign Minister and until his
death the Soviet representa-
tive at the United Nations,
was a political prostitute.
Vishinsky knew from his ex-
perience in sending hundreds
to their death that he had
better remain what the Krem-
lin regarded as a good func-,
tionary If he did not wish to
share the fate of some Of his
victims.
Vishinsky died suddenly and
probably unable to say even
secretly one Of the prayers he
had learned in his youth and
with which he might have
hoped to atone before appear.
ing before the All Merciful.
Evening star., 1954-11-24
Doyid LoMenee
Another Ponmunjom Violation
Chinese. Reds Give Peaceful Co-existence Punch
In the Eye With Imprisonment of is U. S Airnen

have already been repatriated
say they had heard about pris-
oners being kept for bargain
ing purposes. Now this report
is being verified by the action
Of the Peiping government.
1t is more than a COIN
cidence that on the same day
the news came about the sem
fencing Of the American air.
men the President of the
United States was expressing
his skepticism about peaceful
co-existence" in very much
the same vein as did Senator
Knowland of California, Re-
publican leader of the Senate,
a few days ago.
Whether Gen. Eisenhower
knew beforehand the facts
concerning the Chinese deci-
sion to hold the Is airmen has
not been disclosed, but the
newspapermen who interro-
gated him at his press confer
ence did not know about it,
because dispatches concerning
the affair had not been re-
ceived over the news tickers
when the correspondents as
Sembled at the White House.
The President, however, was
quite pointed in what he did
say about Russia. He declared
that, while, of course, the Rus
slams lately have been talking
In a different tone than they
have in the past, every study
he had ever seen about COM
munism reveals that there is
one underlying, unchanging
motive-world revolution and
dominance by a centrally con-
trolled Communist world state.
Gen. Eisenhower added that
Communist methods and tao
tics retreat and advance but
the free world cannot lose
sight of their basic objective.
But even more significant
was the Presidents handling
Of the phrase peaceful CO.
existence" He said "co-exist-
ence" itself has a relatively
simple meaning and implies
that you co-exist so long as
Evening star., 1954-11-24
Dovid Lawrence

Peaceful co-existence" has
just been given a punch in the
eye by Communist China with
the announcement that the
Peiping government has de-
cided to imprison is American
airmen, with sentences rang
Ing from four years to life.
This means that the truce
agreement adopted at Pam
munjom which set forth spe-
ciflcallly that all prisoners cap
tured during the Korean war
were to be returned--has been
flagrantly violated.
In the face of such a con-
spicuous disregard Of a written
pledge, it will be asked how
any one In Great Britain or
in any other country can seri-
ously recommend that Red
China be admitted into the
United Nations.
The episode underlines
clearly that 1t is the failure
Of the Red China govern
ment to show herself capable
Of honoring her obligations,
rather than her de facto con-
troll of any particular territory,
which has caused both the
Democratic and Republican
members Of Congress to unite
almost to a man to oppose
recognition of Red China or
its admission to the United
Nations.
Just how many more Ameri-
can prisoners who fell into the
hands Of the Communists in
the Korean war are still alive
and being held for ransom can
only be conjectured, but un-
doubtedly the news will in
crease the agony Of many Of
those parents who have been
told their sons are missing
and presumed dead" For there
Is no way Of telling how many
more American boys the Com
munists hold and how many
they will bring forth from time
to time in an effort to black
mail America into favoring ad-
mission to the United Nations.
Some Of the Americans who
Evening star., 1954-11-24

was, in fact, the first veto of a
tax bill in history, and mixed
up in this episode was Con-
gress' control over the purse
strings, which some members
OF Congress felt the President
was putting in Jeopardy. Sen
ator Barkley bitterly de-
nounced the Presidents mes
sage and resigned simultane-
ously as party leader. It was
a most dramatic scene and it
had, indeed. its melodramatic
aspects. For the very next
day the Senate Democrats
unanimously reelected the
Kentucky Senator as leader in
a combined gesture of defiance
OF the White House and sup
port for their leader. Then, to
end 1t sweetly, the President
wrote an apologetic letter.
Seemingly all was forgiven,
and the incident was forgotten
except that the Weep" who
Is returning to the Senate in
the new 84th Congress, believes
that the President did not for
get and that his act Of defiance
was responsible for the Presi-
dent passing him over and
picking Harry s. Truman, in
stead, as vice presidential rum
ning-mate in 1914. He so re-
lated in his recently published
autobiography "That Reminds
Me-" In short, ais it turned
out. Mr.. Barkley missed the
White House and Harry Tru-
man went there instead.
How unusual was q spat be-
tween q President and his party
leader was shown by all the
commotion a dozen years ago
over the Barkley affair. But
that was an isolated incident.
Senator Knowland has taken
issue with his administration
half a dozen times and when
he spoke up again recently, his
action attracted so much at
tention generally that the
question Of the ''propriety of
the Senator's conduct was
raised at this weeks news con-
ference with the President.
The Senator takes ii all In
his stride. he is earnest and
sincere and deadly serious,
and most positive about for
eign policy. He considers 1t his
duty to speak out obviously,
Evening star., 1954-11-24

and seems to see no impro-
priety in doing that while
party leader. He has not the
least intention Of resigning.
Nor does the President SEEM
ingly plan to do anything. He
recognizes, as he affirmed in
answer to a question at his
news conference, that the
party in Congress elects its
leaders and that those leaders
are agents Of party members
in Congress and responsible
to them. The President has
constantly made it plain that
he is a stickler for the division
OF powers in government, with
Congress q co-equal branch.
He has stressed this so much
that his leadership has been
diluted, not only in respect to
Congress, but in respect to
his own party, as the un-
abashed recalcitrance Of Sen
ator Knowland testif1es.
Without saying so, the
President let drop a hint that
he would like for the Senate
leader to reciprocate his own
consideration for Congress. He
explained that the President
was charged by the Constitu-
ton with conduct OF foreign
policy. with the assistance of
his Secretary Of State, but
with the Senate delegated to
advise and consent on treaties
in the field Of foreign policy.
He pointed out that it had
been his course to consult
with congressional leaders In
advance on matters Of foreign
policy and seek their approval
before submitting foreign
policy matters to Congress.
His statement OF my side, /"
as he described it. suggested
he was inviting the same sort
OF consultation in advance by
Senator Knowland before the
latter took to the stump or
the typewriter to criticize the
administrations policy.
Evening star., 1954-11-24
Job Decline Since So
Seen Clearly Hailed
In Commerce Survey
BY the Assoeio.ed Press

By the Assoeiafsd Press
The Commerce Department
says the steady decline in en-
ployment which began in August.
1858, seemed clearly to be
halted" this fall.
This appraisal was made in
the departments monthly re-
view of the general business situ-
alton In its publication" survey
Of current business.
Autumn is usually q period
Of expansion in business, and
seasonal gains have been. the
rule in recent weeks" the de-
partment said.
Factors Helping Rise.
"In some industries q better
than seasonal rise in production
and employment has been re-
ported. but retail sales did not
quite match seasonal expecta-
tions."
The report said that rehiring
OF workers In automobile plants
after an employment cutback
for model changeovers, sea-
son rise in school employment
with the opening of the new
school year, and the end of some
work stoppages due to labor dis
putes in manufacturing were
special factors that had helped
improve the employment picture
in September and October.
Decline Extended Year.
But aside from these special
influences, the report said, ''It is
significant that employment in
October was back to the May
level. Thus the steady decline
which had extended from Au-
gust, 1858, to August, 1954-well
after other major (economic) in
dicators had leveled off-seemed
clearly to be halted"
The report said that automo-
bile manufacturers were prepar-
ing for very heavy production
schedules" on 1855 models and
that this had brought about or
ders from auto makers which
had helped push up the rate of
steel production from SO per
cent of capacity in early Septem-
ber to a scheduled n per cent
in the second week of November.