davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03
The President Asks Caution

The President of the United States
opened his news conference this week with
an appeal to the American people to be
careful OF their lives during this holiday
week end. It was an unusual but fully JUS
Unable request and there was grave sim
certify In the Presidents voice as he asked
the newspapers, television and radio to do
everything they could to cut the toll OF
holiday fatalities. It Is very worthy cause,
he told the correspondents, and the grim
record OF past holiday week ends bears out
his statement.
The National Safety Council has esti-
mated that 40 million automobiles will be on
the highways during this week end and that
$50 persons will die In traffic mishaps. The
council has become remarkably adept at
estimating correctly the death toll for any
travel period, but It's reputation for accu-
racy provides no comfort In this case. About
400 died over the Fourth Of July holiday last
year.
In his appeal to the country through
the press-the President said he did not
know how much "leeway" there is for cut
ting the holiday fatality list. Whatever
leeway there is lies In the area Of human
behavior, for the statistics show that me-
chanical failures account for only about
per cent Of the serious automobile crashes.
Most Of the others are traceable to the
shocking carelessness or deplorable judy
ment of the human beings who seem to
value life so cheaply.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03
Not So independent IS We Used to Be
BY John Dos ? asses

mr.. Dos Pnssos Is the autl,Or III
ssThe Head and Heart Of Thomas
Jefferson. " s.. IA. !" Chosen C0an-
try and otlaer sUidely acclaimed
books
IT'S STARTLING to think that only
= 128 years. the span Of q couple of
lifetimes, have gone by since Thomas
Jefferson died ut Monticello on July
4. 1926. On the same Independence
Day his old friend and political oppos
nent. John Adams, died at Braintree,
whispering, SO the old tradition has ii:
Jefferson still survives"
IA good many years Of reading JEFF
ferson's correspondence with his friends
and opponents have strengthened my
conviction that he does indeed survive.
His example and that Of the extraor-
binary group Of men who dedicated
public can be Of use TO us today.
What does 1t all boil down to?
Which Of these grand old notions can
still move mems lives? First you have
to face the fact that in the compare
lively short period that has gone by
since jefferson and Adams were In
their prime, the structure OF society
has radically changed. Though there
had been some evolution through the
ages, the technology these men knew
was not too different from that Of the
time Of Abraham. The shape Of society
was simple. Farming, manufactures
and commerce were still carried on by
fanily-type organizations. The brains
that made the decisions were never toe
far from the hands that did the work
Most men had first-hand knowledge Of
how every segment of their society
operated.
Today the average individual works
away from his home with q random
crowd Of other individuals in some
ONCE building or factory. carrying out
tasks set for him by planners whom
he never sees. Except In the ever more
limited field of his private life. he !!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03
Confusion Over Inteerution

In the weller of confusion resulting
from the uninSpired utterance OF
various District officials since the SUI
preme Courts ruling with respect to-
segregated schools, at long last the
trouble has been correctly diagnosed
by the Federation Of Citizens Associa-
tions in its telegram to the Board Of
Education, copy of which was pub
lished the other day.
Al little thought at the outset should
have convinced every one concerned
that the opinion of the Supreme Court
could not and did not vest authority
in the Board Of Education or Superin-
tendent of Schools to desegregate the
District schools; that the formulation
of any policy with respect to school
deSegregation is matter which can
be accomplished legally only by the
Congress; and that, in the interest of
maintaining orderly government. which
at the same time is responsive TO and
respected by Its people, prerequisite
to the development Of the desired
model plan of desegregation was the
submission Of the problem to the legis-
! lative process.
From newspaper and other accounts
OF events which have taken place To-
cally since the historic ruling, It seems
that the Corporation Counsel has
verbally told the Superintendent Of
Schools that legislation is not required
although he was first quoted as saying
1t was required. Developments indicate.
however, that whatever statements
were made. were made "off the cuff"
SO to speak: that no supporting legal
memoranda have been prepared on the
subject; and that the District commit
tees Of Congress have not been fur
nished by the District Commissio
Corporation Counsel, Board Of Educa-
ton, Superintendent Of Schools or
other District officials with any de-
segregation plan or proposal for legis-
lation to cover the situation. In the
meantime, haste, confusion and con-
troversy are the order of the day
rather than the solid, constructive
planning and action which can be a
reality only when officials are acting
pursuant to duly constituted authority.
In this light. it matters little whether
the board and superintendent ulti-
mately formulate policy sound in
0AUDtaAACCs A1O AdkkA ~ NAEetA -SAv &CBASV
lative recognition Of the problems Of
desegregation and the absence Of legal
criteria relating thereto ind the board
and superintendent cropping and fun
bling with problems beyond their legal
competence. The confusion and dis
putes which have ensued were inevita-
BILE and will persist SO long as the
actions of local officials are not backed
up with the requisite legislation.
Once again, residents Of the District
are compelled to stand by helpless.
while local officials. who have no par
ticular experiences on the issues in
volved and apparently little awareness
Of local needs. muddle through in typ
zeal style and dictate to such residents
what is best for them. The futility Of
it all Is illustrated by the fact that
the only recourse citizen has In
attempting to improve the situation Is
writing letter to the editor"
r.. N. Shoemaker.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03
The Way 1t Had to Be Done

IL has been suggested that the Atomic
Energy Commission, In dealing with the
case Of DR.. J. Robert Oppenheimer, could
have followed a procedure that would have
fully protected the Nations interests and
at the same time spared him the personally
tragic experience Of being declared a secu-
rity risk. The fact is, however, that the
Acc was obliged by the very nature Of the
problem involved to take the course it did.
The reasons for this have been clearly
set forth in Eugene NJ. zuckert's concurring
opinion in the commissions 4-to-1 decision
against DR.. Oppenheimer. !. Mr.. Zuckert, for
his own part, gave serious consideration at
one point to the possibility OF avoiding or
circumventing the security-risk question
through quiet, unpublished procedure In
which the Acc would merely have decided
to put a permanent end to its use OF the
physicists services as q consultaat. But
then, the more Mr.. Zuckert thought about
the matter the more he realized that there
could be no such easy way out-of the
situation
In other words, both before and after
the findings of the Gray board, the issue
had to be faced squarely and uneQuivo cally
It could not be resolved simply by telling
DR.. Oppenheimer that as of June 30--the
expiration date Of his contract his con-
sulting assistance would no longer be
wanted by the commission. Instead, re-
CARELESS of unacceptable publicity, the Acc
had to make up its mind whether or not, in
view of the derogatory data about him, his
security clearance could be continued with
out nisgivings or reasonable doubt. This
! was so, as Mr.. zuckert has explained, be-
cause II he were really risk, and II he were
merely dismissed as q consultant, he would
still have access to the most secret and most
sensitive types of information bearing upon
atomic hydrogen Developments and the
country's defense activities In general.
Thus, as Mr.. Zuckert has emphasized,
DR.. Oppenheimer because Of his great en-
inencc in the scientific field received re-
ports on the s'most intimate details Of
progress In the thermometer and fission
programs even when he was playing an in
active role In the Acc Similarly, until his
clearance was suspended some weeks ago
pending the hearings on his risk status, the
Defense Department and other agencies Of
the Government were constantly calling
upon him for advice In q manner that made
him privy 10 highly classified information
involving delicate problems OF national
security.
Accordingly, because d decision simply
to drop him as conSultant would not have
affected His clearance or debarred him from
receiving the most restricted data, the Acc
had no choice but to determine whether or
not he was security risk. Even though
some may question the wisdom Of the nnal
Judgment, the commission followed the only
procedure Ii could have followed In line
81 with the national interest.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03
Senator KnowIond Serves Notice

There has been nothing OF q pubic
nature to indicate that the President or any
policy making of1icial In his administration
is ready to support or to acuuiesce in the
admission Of Red China to the United Ma
tionS this year.
Senator McCarTan has stated, however,
that there is q definite movement to bring
about the substitution Of the Chinese CONF
muniSts for the Nationalist Government Of
China III the u. N. General Assembly And
the Nevada Democrat celebrates In this
fashion: 81 think there is grave danger
that the National Security Council may be
persuaded by those to whom 1t listens most
carefully and who have the largest share
In preparing and hltering the information
which comes to 1t, and formulating the
language of its pronouncements; and on
the basis Of such persuasion, may counsel
that the Chinese Communists be permitted
to replace the rightful government Of China
In the United Nations. IL that should come
about, grayely fear that the Secretary
Of State would bow to the view OF the
Security Council
Although Senator McCarran offered
nothing in detail to support this view, he
may, of course, be right. There is no doubt
that the Communists constitute the effec-
tive government OF China, and while there
are reasons why they should not be admit
ted to the U. n, there is also certain
logic In the opposing point OF view.
The factual arguments, pro and con,
have little to do, however, with the practical
question involved. This question concerns
the realities Of domestic politics In the
United States today-realities which SEEM
ingly would make It virtually impossible
for the administration to approve the seat
ing Of the Chinese Communists Almost
certainly, IL the issue should be posed in
the Security Council, we would veto the
proposal
It may come up, however, In another
way. The proposal may be presented as a
procedural question, to be dealt with by q
vote in the General Assembly. In that
event the veto would not apply, and 1t is
conceivable that Red China might be seated
over our opposition.
Presumably, 1t is this possibility to
which Senator Knowland has addressed
himself. He has served unequivocal notice
that II Red China is admitted he will resign
as majority leader and devote himself to
q campaign to take the United States out
ofsthes UsN. Other Senators, including the
minority header, have associated themselves
with this warning.
The result is threat which cannot be
lightly disregarded. For these Senators
mean business. In evSnt the Communists
are seated, they may very well be able to
take this country out of the u N. And If
that happens, the u N. Is dead.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03
Unleushed Dogs

It Is very discouraging to read Of the
reaction Of Sol j. Pokrass to his receipt
of notice of violation Of the law when
his dog was found roaming the streets.
We live In Chevy Chase. .. c.. have
dog who is kept in his fenced yard
or on leash when on the street. The
dog catcher Is never seen In this area.
and 1t is most unpleasant to walk
dog because Of the number Of uncon-
trolled dogs roaming the streets. Beagles
are among the worst offenders In bark
ing and charging at other dogs, which
makes It difficult to enjoy d walk with
ones dog. II Mr.. Pokrass' dog was
roaming with three others, they truly
constituted menace to children and
adults; since dogs under those circum-
stances are more dangerous than when
alone.
All dog breeders and true lovers Of
dogs know that the only happy dogs
are those who are kept under control
at all times, and know what is expected
Of them. They are quick to assume
responsibility and will repay in loyalty
and devotion the time required to take
proper care OF them. Tt is certainly not
humane to permit dogs to roam the
streets, where 1t is quite likely that they
will be killed or injured by an automo-
bile. Moreover, they often become dis
eased through eating garbage and root
ing through trash. Also, delivery people
and neighbors who are annoyed by them
may kick or hurt them. it is an inn
position to ones neighbors to allow q
dog to run loose, damaging their lawns
and gardens, upsetting trash and gar
bage in the alleys, and constituting .
public nuisance.
will Judy, probably the greatest dog
authority In this country today, states
In the July issue Of Dog World Maya
zirles:: !" For years have campaigned
for better dog control by way Of requir-
ing every dog to be on lead when on
the owners premises. Dogs and their
owners must adjust themselves to the
crowded, regimented life we undergo
III other matters. The days Of free
roaming dogs are past. My specific so
luton to this problem II to treble the
number OF dog catchers.
If Mr.. Pokrass did not intend to teach
his son to care for the dog, he should
not have accepted 1t. The training and
care Of dog can be fine experience
for O. boy, but TO permit II 70 run WHO
isrunkind and inhumane.
It Is my hope that the laws Of the
District regarding dogs viii be enforced,
so that dog lovers may enjoy their pets
under proper conditions. and without
the annoyance OF unframed, undisci-
plined dogs bothering them.
Mrs. r.. X. Jameson.
s35f
Why is it that dog owners have to
have their pets on leashes, vet cats are
allowed to roam on anybody's property?
They climb over the fence. turn over
garbage and trash containers, help
themselves to your flower beds. II dog
banks he is reported to the police, yet
somebody's cat can squawk under your
window from midnight until morning,
keeping one awake. You can run them
away and they will come back.
Dogs have to have tags and are not
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03

lie who. Jefferson imagined. would be
educated In the political arts by the
management Of his own farm or small
business to make snrewd decisions and
who would be constantly on the watch
to protect his liberties from the en-
croachment OF the leaders he had elect-
ed to manage the commonwealth.
Man learns slowly, but he does learn.
We can hope that in spite Of the dizzy
speed Of the chronological spiral we can
learn enough about our industrial So
ciety to get 1t under control before 1t
destroys us. In our emergency we can
turn back to the record Of JefferSon's
generation as great storehouse of in
formation on the art Of politics which.
in the best sense Of the word, is the art
Of adapting q society to human needs.
tCopyrisht. is54J
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03
Co-Existence or co-Deoth

In line with Prime Minister Churchill's
views on the same subject, President Eisen-
hover holds to the belief-as he has made
clear at his latest news conference.-the
(. the hope Of the world hinges on continu-
Ing earnest effort to achieve the peaceful
co-existence Of all nations. Unhappily,
however, the men Of the Kremlin have so
persistently and so systematic discour-.
aged'such co-existence that they apparently
do not want it unless they can have IT on
their own termS-mea Gaming terms Of global
domination and enslavement.
The Soviet leaders, Of course, have re-
peatedly spoken lot of fair words about
their desire for friendship and peace with
everybody, but their protestations have
been constantly belied by their black deeds,
by their unbroken record of bad faith, and
by what the President has branded-with
considerable restraint-as their aggressive
attitude. Clearly, as long as such circum-
stances prevail, or until the Kremlin offers
convincing evidence of a basic change in its
policy-a change that would put an end to
the cold war and make possible an honest
and just settlement of major international
issues-there can be no system Of co-exist-
ence in which the world can have confidence
or feel reasonably safe.
:
ments, the striving for decent and endur-
ing peace must go on without letup As
General Eisenhower has put 1t, the nations
on both sides Of the Iron Curtain have got
to find ways of living together. That is the
great imperative OF our atomic-hydroge
age-an age when the danger of an about
nuclear war confronts mankind with a
choice between co-existence and co-death.
Accordingly, what the world must hope for
is that the men of the Kremlin, who pre-
sumably realize what such war could
mean, will slowly but surely begin to act
along the lines urged upon them by the
President. Meanwhile, however, since 1t Is
not enough merely to be hopeful, the United
States and Its allies-if they are to preserve
themselves in freedom-rnust develop as
much unity as possible and be as strongly
armed as the present dark realities 50
plainly require.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03

side should retire without molestation, they
back 70 their fort at Monongahela and we
To Wills Creek,
Thus ended the iirst real battle and the
first campaign Of the flrst great citizen
commander III American history. Among
the lessons ii taught him was that Of avoid
ing besiegement. He became leading ex-
ponent Of Awar Of movement, and It was
through fidelity to that policy that he
finally won the Revolutionary contest.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03
First Virginia Regiment

First Virginia Regiment
Those 500 volunteers composing Col.
George Washington's famous LIST Vir-
ginia Regiment who fought In the rain
and the mud defending Fort Necessity
on July 5, 1854, seem to be getting the
cold shoulder in the reports from the
current bicentennial celebration up
there In Pennsylvania.
Washington's men recently have been
referred to as simply Virginia militia. !"
q term that surely would arouse the ire
OF washington and old Gov. Dinwiddie.
It was their Illustration toward getting
the militia together that led to the or
ganization Of the LIST Virginia Regi-
ment. martial ancestor Of military units
Of which Virginians today are proud.
When Dinwiddie sought to raise an
army to repen the French from the
northwestern frontier, the question was
raised whether militia could be used
outside the colony and his county lieu
tenants developed the harsh fact the
militia was almost nonresident and d
draft was not practical. The House Of
Burgesses voted 10000 pounds for de-
Tense and the Governor resolved to call
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03

Pen-nGnles may be used If letters carry
ipriterS' correct names and addresses.
AL letters are subject to condensation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1954-07-03
| etters to The Star

allowed to roam alone. Why not have
the same law on cats?
Constant Reader.
Evening star., 1954-11-11

plants, for the time being at
least.
Letter to Cole.
In his letter to Chairman Cole
c'Dear Stub"), Gen Eisenhower
said:
"If the Federal Government
assumes responsibility in per-
petuity for providing the iva
area with all the power it can
accept, generated by any means
whatsoever. it has q similar re-
sponsibility with respect to every
other area and region and
corner of the United States of
America.
The directive to the Acc to
make arrangements for the pur-
chase of private power-either
directly or by finding a new pri-
vate source to replace available
IVA power-waS designed to
allow time for a thorough ex-
animation of this whole vast
field, without hurting the citi-
zens of the Valley. -.
ut seems to me that there has
been a very great deal of talk
and argument-much OF it
partisan-about issues that are
really clear and simple. No one
in this administration has an
intention of destroying or dam
aging iva or of diminishing its
effectiveness in any way"
Evening star., 1954-11-11
reoty }.
CONTINUED From First Page.)

ma, the Associated : States of
Indo-China or others.
Mr.. Dulles said the only re-
striction on membership was
that mmunist-controlled ma
tions are excluded because we
do not place confidence in their
word" The door Is open to all
others to join when they so
desire. he said.
Senate Majority Leader Know
land of California asked the
Secretary to submit later in
closed session a full report on
how the Communists have COM
piled with the armistice terms
both in Indo- China and Korea
and whether the neutral armis-
tice commission is being per-
mitted to function in Korea.
Secretary Dulles emphasized
that, in the case of the United
States, an act of aggression
bringing the treaty into opera
ton would have to be Com
munist aggression. He also
stressed the point that if a
Southeast Asia partner is
threatened by subversion from
within the obligation of this
country would be merely to con-
suit with the other parties to
determine measures that should
be taken for common defense.
Evening star., 1954-11-11
Collins Says Legion
Will Not Ask Major
Veteran Legislation

The American Legion in the
coming year will not ask Con-
gress for any important new
legislation" to aid the returned
veteran.
This statement last night was
made by Seaborn P. Collins. ma
tional commander of the Ameri-
can Legion before an annual Ma
tional Commanders Dinner
meeting at the Shoreham Hotel.
Veterans Day, as I see it.
said Mr.. Collins, sis a day not
only of remembrance but of res
olution. 1t is a day for all Amer
leans to mediate on the great
price we have paid in defense of
ideals and institutions on which
no price can be set.
"Our goal, as veterans, is an
America free and strong In q
world at peace"
lne Legion, MI. COlllnS SdlQ,
believes the present program of
veterans rehabilitation is sound
and fair. Nevertheless, Mr.. Col
Inns asserted, the Legion shall
vigorously resist every attempt
by any source to wipe out serv-
ices and benefits now available
to the disabled. -"
IF a fight is forced upon US
by groups who would take away
from the hospitalized veteran the
opportunity for care and recov-
cry which is his by right, then
we will come out swinging" Mr..
Collins declared.