davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-01-15
Rural Progress in Actiom
Reports Available on Every
Phase of Poultry Husbandry
By II. e. CUSHMAN
Extension Poultry Specialist

extension R0i
This is another in series of
articles in which Montana ex-
tension service specialists discuss
sources of information and prac-
ticaI means of putting rural
progress conference recommen-
dations into practice.
THE SCIENCE of caring for the
laying hen is the most recently de-
veloped phase of scientific animal
husbandry. Poultry husbandry ac-
companied by experimental work is
only about 35 years old. But be-
cause the bird is rapid growing
unit (she can have granddaughter
in production within years time),
much animal experimentation is
practiced on poultry.
Work on vitamins and antibiotics
was first done on poultry. Genetic
experiments were also run on birds.
Consequently, even though it is a
fairly new field, we do have re-
search work and bulletins on every
phase of poultry husbandry from the
egg, the chick, on through to the
roast chicken on the platter.
BY the same token this fast living
mechanism can bankrupt person
or put him on easy street faster than
any other animal enterprise, so that
the person going into the poultry
business feels that he must study
up on the subject before plunging.
Information Available
In this brief space a whole course
in poultry husbandry can't be given
but we can tell what is available.
BY the time you have collected all
these bulletins, you'll have quite a
poultry library. Most of this printed
matter is available through your
county agent but if he does not have
it, you or he can get it from the
poultry specialist at Montana State
college at Bozeman.
Let's begin with the fertile egg.
There is the USDA bulletin on 'In-
cubation," but most people purchase
day old chicks or poults from a re-
liable source, so they should have
National Poultry Improvement
Plan," USDA Miscellaneous Pubica-
ton 300, which tells one how tc
interpret chick advertising. Also oul
Montana Extension leaflet on "Pul
forum Disease" will be help.
Maybe it's proper brooder Oh
brooder house that's needed. Their
get Poultry Equipment No. $50
This not only gives types of brood
ers such as the "Dutch Oven" brood
er or the home made electric type
but it also describes gadgets which
will make work simpler and more
efficient.
Then, of course, the little duffer
must be fed. Circular 1873, Feeding
and Management of Chicks ant
Growing Pullets," gives all sorts o
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-01-15

The breeding in our chicks is better than
ever this year. All of our White Leghorn
sres are from hens that have layed from
you get such high egg production breeding
at our low prices7
Our Austria Whites HampWhites and Leg
Orcas carry the same bloodlines as our
White Leghorns. Our New Hampshires and
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-01-15

1853 CATALoGS
end Eoriy Order Discounts
Write at ence for our PREB
1853 Circular and Price List.
Get Full Information on our
List OF Breeds. Remember, dig
counts expire February !.
Evening star., 1953-11-22

years. and creates a realistic
image of the sky.
An American company. Spitz
Laboratories, Inc. of Philadel-
phia, has had experience at
building small planetariums
and now is offering full-scale
machines.
Spitz is the only source
which could produce an excel
lent large instrument on short
order. Armand N. Spitz says
he can offer this package on
six months delivery: A pro-
jector. dome, special seats, in
stallation and q trained direc-
tor for one year-all guaran-
teed and costing 100000. A
large Spitz protector alone
would cost about 100000.
The Spitz is built on new
principles, and previews of a
protector just built for Monte
video, Uruguay, indicated it
will outperform the Zeiss in
quality of the illusion and in
ease Of maintenance.
There are two small Spitz
projectors in the Washington
area. Howard University re-
Gently bought one for it's gen.
eral science and astronomy
courses, but has not yet found
room to set it up. Fort Bel
voir has one which is used for
star Identification and map
ping in its topography training
course. 1t cost only $4,000,
seats go persons and has a
dome 20 feet in diameter.
Fort Belvoir technicians
have created several different
planetarium programs which
are shown to the public on
Tuesday and Thursday eve
nings. It almost always plays
to a full house-frequently
reservations only.
Boston found third source
for it's protector. Two broth
ers. Frank and John Korkosz,
we're found to have the tech
nical skill to design and build
a large protector. so they were
commissioned to build one for
Boston. They now are in busi-
ness as the American Planeta-
rum Corp. of Chicopee, Mass.
and probably would welcome
another order.
Their first machine, if it
lives up to expectations, will
be more realistic and versatile
than the Zeiss instruments.
It will cost not more than
$91 900 as it uses many stand
ard parts. The Boston install
lation-building, astronomical
museum, protector and audi
Evening star., 1953-11-22

Mars, a thunderstorm or q
meteor shower. Virtually any,
thing the sky itself can show
a fully equipped planetarium
can show.
What good is all this? What
is the purpose of a plane
tarium?
. Instruction. It can be
used to teach astronomy-a
fascinating science-to the
public. More can be learned
about the stars. the planets
and their relation to each
other and the earth in a few
minutes inside the planetarium
than can be put across In
many hours of classroom and
textbook instruction.
. Entertainment. Planetari-
UNI shows are fascinating
even to persons who know
nothing about the skies. In
New York, for instance, the
Hayden Planetarium shows are
listed on the amusement
pages of local newspapers.
Many persons attend every
time the show changes.
. Meditation. A planetarium
is a vehicle which can carry
the mind to the limits of Gre
alton. It is impossible to
watch the stars moving across
the planetarium sky without
pondering the infinite majesty
of the universe. A visit to a
planetarium can be as stimu-
lating as a visit to a great
cathedral.
Cultural Void
A planetarium is a natural
part of a city's cultural and
entertainment complex which
includes museums, art CALLER
les, ZOOS and parks. Wash
ington is well equipped with
all but the planetarium. The
Nations capital does not even
have an astronomical museum.
The Smithsonian Institution,
of course. would be the logical
organization to build and op-
crate national planetarium.
DR.. Leonard Carmichael. Sec
retary of the Smithsonian.
Evening star., 1953-11-22
By Richard FrykIund

Persons who have wondered
for several years why the
Nations Capital does not have
a planetarium can be assured
that it's not because nobody
wants one. The main reason
is at least 100000 and per-
hapS a million.
A million dollars is q rough
estimate of what it might
cost for a building and pro-
jector, plus space for an
astronomical museum. The
estimate is rough because
final cost would depend on the
size and completeness of the
planetarium and on the un-
certain cost of an appropriate
protector. A million dollars,
however, should buy the best
in the world-new building
and all. But if a new building
is not needed, then 100000
could purchase the planeta-
rum.
What is a planetarium? It
is a device for reproducing in
doors all the visible phenom-
ena of the skys: Stars. sun
and moon, rainbows, clouds,
lightning, meteors and comets
ali in proper relation to
each other, but with the time
element drastically condensed.
Complex Device
The heart of the plane
tarium is the protector, an
incredibly complex mechanical,
electronic and optical device
that creates the illusion of the
heavens by casting lights and
shadows on the dome of a
large hemisphere room up to
rs feet in diameter. Several
hundred persons can watch
from inside the dome. The
protector, which can be larger
than a man. stands in the
center of the room. Powerful
lights shine through lenses
or pinholes, projecting beams
onto the dome. A pinpoint Of
light against a black "sky"
will look like a star. Some
$500 such pinpoints can be
used to represent every star
which can be seen by the
naked eye. Consultations are
easily spotted. The moon can
be projected the same way,
and it will look like the real
moon. full or crescent and
with the man" visible, just
as he is in the night sky. The
stars and moon can be made
to fade while a sun comes up
on the horizon. Other attach
ments on the protector make
perfect rainbows, comets with
long tails. shooting stars and
cracking lig htning with
thunder sound effects.
Speedup for Stors
The stars, moon and planets
can be made to move exactly
as they do in the sky. but at
a more rapid speed. The mo-
ton of a full night or full
year can be shown in a few
minutes. Or the motion of the
stars and planets over a period
Of thousands of years can be
shown in the same short space
of time. Time in the plane
tarium can be made to move
backward or forward. For
instance, the Star of Bethle-
hem can be shown as it looked
to the wise men on the first
Christmas.
Special effects can be Gre
ated: A trip to the moon or
Evening star., 1953-11-22

would certainly like to have
one.
"Planetariums have been es-
tabliShed in many of the large
cities of our country" DR.. Car
michael said. "They have
shown themselves to be of
continuing interest and i'm
portance in scientific educa-
ton. It seems peculiarly
appropriate that as soon as
possible a planetarium be pro-
vided for the Nations Capital.
Each year millions Of visi-
tors come to Washington from
all over the country to observe
our national government in
operation and to visit our
unique museums and art gall
leries. Many of the visitors
come from areas in which a
planetarium cannot be main
tanned. From the national
point Of view, therefore, there
is a good reason that the Fed
eral Government might wish
to establish and support a
great scientific educational
unit of this sort in Wash
ington."
If the Smithsonian gets the
planetarium it wants. one of
the first big problems will be
to find a good protector.
Before World War II it
would have been no problem.
Then Zeiss, the optical concern
in Jena, Germany. would have
made 1t. Now Jena is behind
the Iron Curtain and it is un-
certain whether a protector
could be delivered with dis
patch and whether repair
parts could be readily acces-
sible-even if Uncle Sam want
ed to do business in East Ger
many.
What About Cost?
If a ZeiSs is available, it
would cost about $150,000 plus
another $4,000 delivery and
installation charges. according
to figures worked out by the
Boston Museum of Science,
which is now building a plan
etarium.
ZeisS once was the only
builder Of modern projectors.
About 25 were constructed, six
for American planetariums
(New York, Chicago, Philadel-
phia, Los Angeles, Pittsburgh
and the University of North
Cardinal. They are excellent
instruments. accurate and de-
pendable (the Chicago pro-
jector has been operating %
Evening star., 1953-11-22

-nriurn-will cost about $780,
600.
San Francisco's California
Academy of Sciences believes
it has outdone all the other
planetarium builders. It made
its own protector at a cost of
$4,000, and it Is a dandy.
Basically it is an adaptation
of the Zeiss design, but it has
more gadgets and can be COM
pletely automatic. Even the
lecture can be given by the
machine. 1t also Incorporates
the newer ideas of realism:
Stars are truer in their bril-
lance and they seem to
twinkle.
So apparently there are sew
eral possible sources OF pro-
jectorS.
But are there as many
sources of money? Congress
might be reluctant to appro-
pirate 81 million for an elabo-
rate planetarium during these
economy days. But, as DR..
Carmichael points out. "1t
would seem entirely appropri-
ate to consider the install
alton of a planetarium In a
new building that might be
erected for the Smithsonian to
house in an adequate way our
Nations unequalled collections
related to science. engineering
and technology"
If the planetarium were part
of a new Smithsonian build
ing, the cost might come down
to 5000, ,000-and the dome
would fit in nicely with Mall
architecture.
A Poyine Proposition
Once built, the planetarium
could reasonably be expected
to pay it's own way. The New
York and San Francisco PLAN
etariums are in the black.
They charge 65 to 95 cents for
adults. New York has six
shows on Saturdays and Sun
days and three on weekdays. It
entertained $4,000 persons
last year. Seating capacity
can vary, but arrangements
usually are made for 400 to
500 persons in New York.
Shows there change monthly.
ct would not be unusual for
the Government to charge ad-
mission. tional parks
charge, as does the Washing
ton Monument and the Ford
Theater.)
A majority of the New York
paying customers are tourists.
Washington, of course, could
take advantage of its own nu-
merous visitors, most of whom
come here for bit of educa-
tion mixed with sightseeing.
School children from all over
the Nation certainly would fill
a planetarium during the
summer months.
The New York planetarium
draws the largest crowds.
Washington would have to fig
ure on smaller attendance,
but, according to q Hayden
planetarium spokesman, prop
erly staged and promoted
shows here might we'll turn a
profit on, say, a 250,000 annual
gate.
Before any detailed plan
ming could be done, of course.
the money would have to be in
sight. If Congress is too slow,
DR.. Carmichael has another
gentle hint:
In the past the Smithso-
nian has been fortunate in
receiving large bequests that
now make possible some as
poets of it's service to the pub
lie. 1t may be that the es-
tablishment Of a memorial
planetarium under the aus
pices of the Smithsonian will
appeal to a citizen or group OF
citizens of the country who
may be interested in science
and its proper modern dis
Semination."
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-07-04
State American...
CONTINUED from Page One)


was held in Columbus, Mississippi
on Sunday, Monday and Tuesday,
June Ia, Is, 16, 1853. The 18th
District is composed of all Negro
Posts in the State of Mississippi
and has a membership of approx
mately three thousand.
Among the National and State
American Legion officers who ad-
dressed the Convention were Mr..
Lyon Count Brandon, National
Southern Vice Commander; Mrs.
C. B. Williams of Yazoo City, Past
National Southern Vice President
of the Auxiliary; Mr.. Robert E.
Thompson, Mississippi Department
Commander; Mrs. R. L. Lambright,
Mississippi Department Auxiliary
President and Mr.. Frank w. Cham
bers, Department Adjutant.
The highlight of the first day
of the Convention was the District
Final of the High School Oratorical
Contest during which time orations
were delivered by High School
students on various phases of the
Constitution Of the United States.
Miss Rosetta Munson of Union
Academy High School, Columbus,
was the unanimous choice of the
judges as first place winner and
was awarded a gold American
Legion Medal for Oratory and a
one hundred dollar savings bond
The runner-up, Miss Constance
Thomas of St. Mary's Catholic
High School, Vicksburg, was
awarded a gold medal and a fifty
dollar savings bond.
The entertainment features of the
Convention provided by the Column
bus Post were a banquet, dance
with music by Duke Huddleston
and His Orchestra and an Ameri-
can Legion Junior Baseball Game
ebtween two teams sponsored by
the Columbus Post of the American
Legion.
Mr.. c. Preston Holmes of Mound
Bayou was elected 18th District
Commander to succeed Mr.. Josef
W. Woodson of Vicksburg. Mr..
Hubert Owens of Yazoo City was
elected 18th District Vice Com
mander to succeed DR.. E. J.
Stringer of Columbus. Mrs. Pau
line Holmes of Mound Bayou and
Mrs. Matte j. Pierce of Indianola
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-07-04

Negro boys.
They told county officers that
they were swimming across the
pond and looked back for Josiah
but could not see him. 1t was be-
lieved that he was seized with
cramps and went down in about
nine feet of water.
The other boys, Percy Albert
Sprull, Oscar Wilson Davis, both
10 and Eddie Denton, Ia, went to
get help in locating Josiah.
Deputy Sheriff Bob Thomas said
four negro men who were working
IN the nearby fields worked for
an hour or more before they locat-
ed the body of the drowned boy.
He said Clinton physician was
summoned to examine the boy af-
ter he had been recovered from
the pond but pronounced him dead.
A coroner's jury was not necessary
since there were eye witnesses to
the incident, Deputy Thomas said.
The other boys who were swim
ming with the victim told officers
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-07-04
DR.. bunche
Addresses vassar
Common cement
Exercises;
His Daughter
Graduates

Poughkeepshie, N. Y. June 80
Addressing commencement exer-
cises at Vassar College here last
week, DR.. Ralph ]. Bunche did not
comment on a statement that he
is to be investigated by the I'm
American Activities Committee.
However, the director Of the UN
trusteeship division did blast what
he termed smearing and sniping
in our society, which he said stem
med from downright intolerance. 4"
Among the 200 graduates was
DR.. Bunche's daughter, Miss Joan
Bunche.
DR.. Bunche, Nobel Prize recipi-
ent for 1850, told the graduates
he described "the smearing and
sniping that have recently become
unpleasant and omnibus and, one
may hope, be passing peculiari-
ty of our society,""
The former Palestine and Arab
mediator failed to comment one
way or the other on the charge
in his address before the gradu-
ates of the all-girl school
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-07-04
Utica Man
Denied Bond In
Sunday Staying

UTICA, June 20 - (SpeciaD-
Roosevelt Ross, Negro, was denied
bond at his preliminary hearing
here Monday morning for the June
21st shotgun Staying of Guy Clark.
County Attorney Hugh B. Giles
pie, Jr., said Ross was bound over
to grand jury action next Novem-
Der. He was brought to the Kinds
Jail.
Ross is charged with the fatal
shooting of 70-year-old Clark, but
mo motive for the killing was
established" Gillespie said The
shooting occurred at a colored res
taurant in Utica last Sunday, he
said.
Preliminary hearing Monday was
held with Judge S. C. Price of
Utica, presiding.
were elected President and Vice
President respectively of the 18th
District Auxiliary.
The Fifth Annual Convention of
the 18th District of the American
Legion will be held in Mound
Bayou, Mississippi on Friday, Sat
urday and Sunday, June II, IL,
IS, 1854.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-07-04
Virginia
Continued from Page One)


route traverses one mile through
the reservation of the Booker T.
Washington Birthplace Memorial,
itself dedicated to preserving the
memory and the ideals of the ia
nous educator.
S. J. Phillips, Memorial Presi-
dent, halls the event particularly
significant, stating that:
1. 1t is the nations first public
highway named to honor a Negro.
2. 1t will promote greater inter
est in the life and accomplishments
of Booker T. Washington.
8. 1t will further impress upon
future generations the story of his
rise from a slave cabin to a posi-
ton of world-renown.
4. 1t will inspire consciousness
of the historical significance of the
plantation birthplace throug h
which the highway passes.
5. 1t will help the area econom-
ically as result of increased tour
list traffic over the route.
Phillips also states that dedica-
ton of the Booker T. Washing
ton Memorial Highway" will be
sponsored by Booker T. Washing
ton Birthplace Memorial with the
state of Virginia and the counties
of Franklin and Bedford cooperat-
ing. The terminals of the high
way, Rocky Mount and Big Island,
are located, respectively, within
these counties. A three day dedi-
catory celebration has been set for
July 4th, 5th and 9Th, with the fea-
ture program on Sunday, July 9Th
at Washington's birth cabin on the
Memorial reservation.
The Governor of Virginia and
the Representative of the Con-
gressional districts through which
the roadway passes have been in
vited to participate. July 4 will
mark the seventy-second annivers-
airy Of the beginning of Booker T.
Washington's celebrated career. In
1881 he organized what was then
known as Tuskegee Normal and
Industrial Institute and served as
it's head until his death in 1915.
He distinguished himself as the ma
tons foremost advocate of inter-
racial cooperation, industrial edu-
cation, productive living, and eco
nomic advancement for the Negro.
He was identified with every major
movement for racial uplift, among
which were Negro Health Week,
National Negro Business League
and National Medical Association,
all of which he organized.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-07-04

The choice of Howard for the
Judgeshlp came as result of eff
forts by Negro group and the
vote of the Wyandotte County Re-
publican Central Committee. He
won out in two ballots of the COM
mittee whose recommendation the
governor had agreed to honor.
Howard has been practicing
attorney for more than 20 years. A
graduate of the Howard University
School of Law, he served as county
attorney of Wyandotte county
(1935-40) and as assistant county
counselor Q943-49). His other
political posts included service as
advisor to the board of county COM
missioners; 512 years service in the
Kansas State Guard, and work with
the mayors committee investigat-
ing false registrations and voting
irregularities.
Judge Howard has always been
a Republican. In civic activities he
is judge advocate general of the
Legion of Guardsmen and has
served as regional director of the
National Bar Association. He is
member of Kappa Alpha Psi
fraternity.
Among his other positions are:
former member, board of COVER
nors of the United Community
Campaign; president, Wyandotte
county Republican club; vice presi-
dent Wyandotte chamber of board
of trustees, Metropolitan Baptist
church, and member of the develop
ment authority for Kansas City.
He is married to the former
Cinders Stewart of Philadelphia.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-07-04
Deaf Youth Is
Drowning Victim

Clinton, Miss, July -(Special)
A 15-year-old Negro, a deaf.
mute who couldn't cry out for help,
drowned in his grandmother
pond about five miles west of Gin
ton Tuesday.
He was Josiah Azel Thomas, who
lived with his grandmother, Mary
Ella Bell, on her place near Gin
ton.
Josiah had gone into the three
quarter acre pond around noon
Tuesday with three other teenage