davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-10-10
Ireland and Partition

In his good speech to the National Press
Club recently, Mr.. Sean LemaSs, Deputy Prime
Minister of Ireland, gave a kind of progress
report on what his country has been doing in
the social and economic fields since regaining
it's independence from Britain. Crediting much
of it to American aid, he made clear that the
progress has been striking in both rural and
urban areas, but he qualified his generally op-
timistic account with the statement that "our
work is being seriously impeded by the persist
ence of Partition-the exclusion from the ju
risdction of the Irish State of six of the counties
of Ulster"
Although this is an issue stepped in bitter
ness pro and con, Mr.. Lemass spoke with ad-
mirable restraint in calling it to the attention
of his Press Club audience. He summed it up
in these words: Nobody can fully understand
either Irelands special problems, or its position
in relation to some matters of international
Importance, who does not understand about the
partitioning of our country . The intense
desire of the great majority of the Irish people
for the ending of Partition is inspired mainly
Evening star., 1953-10-10
urkey on the Council

Andrei Vishinsky resorted to a wornout
Soviet argument in his effort to browbeat
the United Nations General Assembly into
electing satellite Poland as temperament
member of the 11-nation Security Council. The
argument-based on the so-called "gentlemens
agreement" of 1946-haS failed Turkey the
candidate backed by the United States, has
been elected to the Council, winning the neces-
sary thirds majority to succeed Greece for
a two-year term.
Seven years ago, in the "gentemen's agree
ment," the great powers-the Security Councils
five permanent members-informally provided
that non-permanent membership should go
to pro-Soviet Sav state representing Eastern
Europe. Ever since then the Kremlin has in
sisted that its candidate should be automatically
elected to any such vacancy as the one just
voted on. But the United States has contended,
with the support of France, Britain and Ma
tionalist China, that the 1916 understanding
was meant to be effective for only one year
the formative period of the U. N. Despite
bitter Russian opposition, this Interpretation
has been upheld on three separate occasions
by the General ASsembly-frSt in the case of
YugoSlavia'S election in 1949, next when Greece
was named to the Council in 1851, and now
in Turkeys victory. So it would seem that
Moscow, although it will not, ought to accept
the verdict gracefully and acknowledge that
the "gentlemens agreement" is dead and buried
Actually, of course, except perhaps in terms
of prestige, Soviet failure to get Poland elected
does not mean a great deal. The Kremlin,
with it's veto, will still be as capable as ever
of paralyzing the Councils work. Nevertheless
it is gratifying that the Turks have won out
in this contest. Although they will be allowed
to vote only on procedural matters, those
matters-as demonstrated at the start of the
Korean aggression-can be important. 1t is
therefore good to know that we will have
Turkeys support in the Council as one of the
free worlds stancheSt allies.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
Restoring the Mall

1t is particularly appropriate that the
American Institute of Architects should take
leading part in the growing movement to
restore the Mall to its original purpose and plan.
Architects, both of the structural and land
Scape Schools have been prominent in the
planning and development of Washington from
its very beginning. It was the French archi-
tect and engineer, Pierre L'Enfant, who laid out
the city with an eye to parks and avenues. His
far-sighted planning of "the Congress Garden,
with the Presidents Park" linking the Capitol
with the Potomac River, led to creation of the
Mall. The desecration of the Mall with tempo
rary" Government buildings was tolerated only
as wartime measure. Now that two world
wars have passed and the "tempos" still are
here, it is high time that serious demands be
made for their removal.
The Ala hopes to arouse widespread sup
port for restoration of the Mall through exhibits,
frsthand inspections and discussions of the
problem at its forthcoming convention here
later this month. Some TOO architects and en-
gineers from the Middle Atlantic States will
come to Washington for the meeting. Exhibits
showing the past, present and future of the
Mall already have been installed at headquarters
of the Ala on New York avenue. Later the
exhibition may be taken on a tour of the large
cities of the country, with view to arousing
national interest in problem which concerns
the whole Nation
1t is not an easy undertaking which the
architects have in mind. Many other persons
and groups have protested the delay in making
at least a start on the clearing of the Mall.
Always they have been frustrated by official
contention that there was no other place for
occupants of the temporary buildings to go.
The chances are, however, that determined
effort to effect a better utilization of Office
space in some of the agencies would weaken
that old contention. Properly applied pressure
of the sort planned by the Ala may help to
generate the determination needed to bring
results.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
This and That

It seems here, as elsewhere, that
MANY humans give no care to some
thing that costs them nothing. 1t
is the same with dogs. The gift puppy
gets little attention, whereas the animal
that cost $50 is going to receive better
treatment from the start.
Even paper books. which may be said
to be all dust jacket, can be covered
again with profit. They are saved
getting dirty, but even more. they get
additional flrmness, which they Sorely
need.
The easiest thing a paper book does
is dog-ear, as 1t is called. This means,
in plain language, to bend over. Moth
ing looks worse, to the careful book
man, than this.
It is bad enough to dog-ear a page,
as is so often done. or bend it down
to mark ones place" But to dog-ea
the cover is worse, and for this offense,
if there were any penalties in so pleas
ant a recreation, bad reader should
have his ears bent down, or SOME
thing.
Keeping ones place where one left
of should be done mentally, not physl-
cally
1t is a small crime to put book
mark, even, in a good book.
If such must be chosen, it should be
the thinnest piece of paper.
Discarded newsprint serves excel
lently as bookmark, if a silver is taken
from the margin. Never use an old
Evening star., 1953-10-10

occur. There are suggestions that the
whole amount should come from the
average working person in the form
of manufacturers excise tax.
1t was stated in The Sunday Star
that 81 billion per year loss will result
from the cut in income taxes and some
excise tax reductions in April Another
$4 billion per year loss will result from
the cutting of corporate income taxes.
The current aim of the National
Association of Manufacturers, in an
effort to help the Government, is to col
lect this entire amount from the con-
sumer. Can it be that they have over
looked the fact that they are receiving
so per cent of the benefit of the tax
cuts in their effort to sell the country
this "easy solution" to help balance the
budget?
At time when large industry and
corporation profits were never higher,
1 think some one should suggest these
sources of much-needed revenue be
tapped.
am quite willing to pay my fair
share of taxes, but cannot go along
with this one-sided solution of this dis
criminatory tax supplied by NAM.
Taxpayer.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
By Charles E. TroceWeH

paper, however, for book jacketing. A
sheet of newsprint is fine for feeding
the cat on, or wrapping up things in,
but it is too inky for making cover
for book, even 25-cent paper book.
Another way to make an excellent
bookmark is to take apart. if possible,
the two sheets of tissue which usually
make up one tissue, and then tear, if
possible, silver off the one sheet.
X
The best way to keep ones place is
mentally. The reader should be so
aware of what he is reading that he
has no difficulty, on going back TO a
book, in finding Just where he left of.
He may be off a few sentences, or
maybe paragraphs, or even pages, but
that makes no difference-he is in the
neighborhood, and shortly picks up the
narrative or gist, as we say, Of what
he has been reading. This is where
the fast reader shines. Unlike the
slow and very slow reader, who always
needs a physical mark of some kind,
the fast reader is so aware of where
he has been that he turns to it almost
instinctively. A great effort has been
made in recent years to speed up the
rate of reading, and this is good
thing. because the faster one reads,
the better ne reads, all things being
equal, which they often are not.
Take care then, not to mess up the
cover Of book, or the innards, and
it follows as the night the day that
thou wilt not be mean to any man.
Evening star., 1953-10-10

by conceptions Of justice and moral right, but
its economic consequences are forcible impe-
tus to the campaign to end it. The economic
consequences of partition are experienced on
both sides of the Irish border Partition is
one fundamental factor that disturbs the nor
NAL good relations which otherwise would exist
between Ireland and its nearest neighbor-
which is one Of the reasons why we want to
see it ended"
Considering the intensity of the opposing
views on this problem the outlook for near
future solution seems less than encouraging.
But Mr.. Lemass-who feels that Britain should
take the initiative toward an agreement-has
shown that the issue, complex and embittered
though it u.s. can be discussed in an even-tem-
pered manner, without rancor or fiery polemics.
If both sides to the dispute could get together
to deal with it in that kind of spirit, the pos
sibility of an amicable settlement would be
greatly enhanced.
Evening star., 1953-10-10

DO you always wrap your BOOKS In
a plain paper jacket, over the regular
dust jacket?" he asked.
The man held up his wrapped VOL
ume.
yes, do" he replied. Look at
this extra cover.
Mote the smudges on 1t, the nnger
marks. Now watch me-"
And he took OF the jacket, ana
showed the book beneath.
Still in pristine condition" he went
on. "And why not?"
Why not. indeed?
Clean books, clean hands and clean
hearts
Here we have good trio. much to
be desired in q world full Of smut,
germs and just plain dirt.
Loaning books is often heartache
to the careful reader.
Loaning libraries take care OF this
matter by supplying their own new
dust jackets, but the individual loaner
has no such protection. unless he wraps
his own.
A dirty, smudged, torn book cover
is even worse than none at all, yet
that is the end condition after q book
goes the rounds.
One solution is, Of course. not to lend
at all.
1t is often arrived at in tears, al
most. as the careful owner surveys
what friends may have done to his
books.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
Civil Defense Confusion

The editorial, "A Super Pearl Har-
bor?", in The Star of October 5 struck
me as missing the head of the proven
bial nail. It was good, of course, to
point out that Senator Symington sees
great danger; that Representative Cole
has changed his mind about the budget;
that Defense Mobilizer Arthur S. F1em-
ming also "Sees great danger" and all
three realize the tremendous potential
of Russia.
However, you end by saying that "if
our people can be told more which
would rouse them to the danger, the
time for telling is overdue"
Personally / believe the American
people have been talked to too much,
too often, by too many officials and with
too much contradiction in the field of
civil defense. We have seen civil de-
fense passed from Federal Government
to State government and even further
in some cases. Even the Director of
Civil Defense. Val Peterson, has been
so confusing on question-and-anSwe
programs that you felt you knew less
after the program than you did before.
On one program Mr.. Peterson said in
the early part that we (the United
States) could build bomb shelters with
all necessary equipment that would be
so impervious to enemy bombing that
we could literally stay down there and
thumb our noses at enemy bombers
flying over. Now correlate that with
Mr.. Petersons views at the end of the
program in answer to a query from a
somewhat confused reporter who had
been listening to Mr.. Peterson tell how
Evening star., 1953-10-10
North Koreu and North ireland

Before the fighting stopped in Ko-
rea, President Syngman Rhee bitterly
denounced the terms of the truce and
stated his determination to fight the
war to a finish rather than have the
northern portion of his country remain
in Communist hands. He mentioned
the case of Ireland where small north
ern section of that country is still under
British domination, although many
years have elapsed since Ireland won
her freedom on the battlefield. The
parallel is apt. The concensuS among
the experts now is that war will not
be resumed and that the status quo in
Korea will remain unchanged no mat
ter what attempts may be made at
the peace conference to effect a settle
ment on the basis of getting the Com
munists out. In this respect the Com
munists are no worse than the British,
and are merely taking leaf from the
book of our so-called peace-loving ally,
Patrick J. Murphy.
Evening star., 1953-10-10

we could have no effective defense
against an enemy atomic bombing:
There just isn't any effective defense
we could use that would be practical"
It surely does confuse me.
Why haven't our President and Con-
gress done something about building
bomb shelters for us? Why have we
been so poorly led in such a vital field?
Why has so much money been spent
abroad on allies whose allegiance is
questionable and whose anti-Commu-
mist effort leaves much to be desired,
while at home we are unprotected?
President Eisenhower was elected
largely for his powers of leadership.
How wonderful it would be for him to
lead us in this tremendously important
crusade to save millions of American
lives. If he doesn't, he is going to have
an awful lot less people to lead.
Michael OBrien.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
Dr.. Zenkl Defends Himself

Mr.. Kurt Chaser has seen fit to COM
ment on my article, "Slave Labor in the
Twentieth Century" (The Star, Sep
tember 28), in a letter which was pub
liShed by you on October 3. He does
not take issue with the contents of the
article but restricts himself to an at
tempt at scandaliZing me and several
OF my countrymen. His statements are
either nebulouS or inaccurate or outright
false. cannot expect you to open your
columns to polemic with these state
ments. However, you will, I hope, per-
NIT me to illustrate their true nature
by few factual remarks:
The institution of the forced labor
camps was introduced into the Czecho-
slovak legal system by the Forced Labor
Camps Act of October 25, 1948, No. 247
of the Collection of Laws, exactly eight
months after the Communist coup when
I had already escaped from Communist
dominated Czechoslovakia.
If by "Slovak Ordinance No. 33/1945"
Mr.. Chaser means an ordinance of the
Slovak National Council, the autonom-
Gus Slovak legislative body, such ordi-
nance must have been passed in April
or early in May 1945, at time when
was either still in Nazi concentration
camp or in England. I became a mem
ber of the CZechoSlovak Government
(Cabinet) in July, 1916, ie., some Is
months later.
Czechoslovak citizens and other per-
sons who had committed war crimes
by collaborating with the Nazis were
tried under a presidential decree of
June 19, 1945, No. Is c. L. which took
effect on July 9, 1945, about one year
before I was appointed Deputy Prime
Minister. In 1945 there existed no
'zenkl's government" Among those
tried were members of the former
Agrarian Party but also members 6f
many other political parties or nom
partisans. Some were sentenced and
some were acquitted.
President DR.. Benes was not in Mos
COW in 1914 and, consequently, he could
not make a deal there. The appoint
ments of the Communist Ministers
were never cleared with the Central
Committee of the Communist Party
Our first President, T. G. Masaryk,
who is we'll known to the American
people, selected as the motto of our
Republic Truth Shall Prevail" We.
free Czeschoslovaks, respect Masaryk's
tradition and his motto. Fortunately,
the American people have many oppor-
tunities to ascertain this fact and do
not have to rely on "the whole truth"
as it is presented by men OF Mr.. Glaser'S
caliber.
DIR. Peter Zenkl.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
AS q Thief in the Night

Congratulation on your fine, timely
editorial September 81, "As a Thief in
the Night" This should arouse Amer
lea to awake, to observe the signs of
the times, the trend of events, to think,
and to act. I wish it could be Circu-
lated by the thousands as a reprint.
1 was especially impressed with your
reference to 2 Peter $40, which warns
us that its prophetic message is nearer
fulfillment than we think I like to
read from the 10th verse through the
18th verse. Says the latter: Never
theless we, according to His promise,
look for a new heaven and new earth,
wherein dwelleth righteousness"
Lucia Ramsey Maxwell,
Past President, Society for
Constitutional Security.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
Pilgrimage to Peace

Each year he came, and al,pays In the
tdH.
He strode across the empty field and
stood
Within the old home church of Death-
cred tDood.
He sought certain thing, and so let all
The simple marks of piety recall
The tranquil hours, hoU holy and hot0
good,
When peace waS simply air he breathed.
He could
Not breathe it now as when he had
been small.
Peace tuas not there. How hard it pus
to learn
That sitting in the tOooden pelG, that
seeing
The UliteUaShed W1llS again and hear
ing some
Old tert Would not restore 1t. Yet
return
Was urgent, this 1utumndl quiet being
As close to peace as he toould euer
come.
Frances Lyksett
Evening star., 1953-10-10
Questions Cunudiun 'Pentueon'

There are questions relating to the
Canadian "Pentagon" on Massachusetts
avenue which some citizens of the Dis
trict wish would be answered.
l. We understand this building is
being erected by the Canadian Military
Mission. Does the Canadian Military
Mission as we'll as the Canadian En-
bassy enjoy diplomatic immunity?
2. We understand that National Cap
ital Parks granted use permit of seven
feet belonging to Rock Creek Park to
the previous owner Of 2450 Massachu-
sets avenue. Has the Canadian Mill
tary Mission encroached on the boun-
Diary of Rock Greek Park and excavated
those seven feet?
8. Is it true, as Mr.. Brien OLeary of
the House of Commons Press Gallery
writes, that the Turkish Government
was not allowed to build embassy offices
in Rockcliffe. residential suburb of
Ottawa, as this would violate building
laws?
4. Did the Canadian Military Mission
realize it was violating the zoning laws
of Washington in erecting this building
on Massachusetts, avenue?
We should be grateful for answers to
these questions, either from the Cana
dian authorities or our own officials
B. T. West.
Editors Note:
l. The building is being erected by the
Canadian Government to provide Office
space for military attaches of the Ca
madam Embassy. AS such, the building
is not subject to local building regula-
tions or Zoning laws.
2. The park use permit was not re-
newed, and the new building does not
infringe on park property.
8. The Star has no reason to doubt
the accuracy of the letter from Mr.
O'Leary, containing the statement about
the Turkish Embassy in Ottawa.
4. The Canadian Embassy submitted
plans for its building to the Commits
sion of Fine Arts, which found no OBJ
lection. 1t also notified the zoning au-
thorities, who lack jurisdiction in the
matter and could take no action. Such
building could not be erected by an
American citizen without violation of
zoning regulations applying to the area.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
Virginia Democrats Scared

The Star reported that Virginia's
70-year-old Representative Smith is
going to stump for Stanley Is
speeches throughout the rural 9th Dis
trict. This really indicates how scared
Virginia Democrats have become in
the face of vigorous, popular opposi-
ton from State Senator Ted Dalton
and his Republican running mates.
Ordinarily Judge Smith doesn't make
that many speeches for his own cam
paigns!
This time last year most people said
Eisenhower could not carry Virginia,
and nobody predicted three G. o. P.
Congressman would be elected. Now
they predict Dalton can't win, and the
local Republican candidates are all
losers. One month from today the
voters of Virginia will again give the
Republican Party their support. The
two-party system in Virginia is on the
march.
Johnnie ID. Schroeder.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
L etters to The Star.

hoped that they are from Arlington
County because of the fine programs
available there for handicapped chill
dren.
Such cognlzance. coming from an in
stitution with the outstanding reputa-
ton of Johns Hopkins, would be more
proof than would need to say that the
Arlington School Board, too. has an
outstanding reputation. Let no one de-
stroy this reputation in campaigns or
otherwise.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
Questions and Answers

The stars readers can get the answer TO any
question Of fact by either writing The Evening
Star Information Bureau, 1900 ] street NV,
Washington 3. D. c., and inclosing 8 cents re-.
turn postage or By telephoninR STerlinR 3-7363
Evening star., 1953-10-10
Rups NAM Tax Stund

Articles and letters have appeared
recently in The Star concerning the
type of tax that should be imposed to
help offset the cuts in revenue soon to
Evening star., 1953-10-10
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.

@. Is is difficult to keep wild animals
in good health in geological gardens?-
F. H. H.
A. There are some that are difficult
to maintain. notably gorillas, giant
pandas, walruses, koala bears, platy-
puses and some of the wilder hoofed
animals.
Evening star., 1953-10-10

@. Does monosodium glutamate i'm
prove the flavor of all foods?-M. M.
A. The foods most benefited are
cooked foods in general especially
meats and vegetables.
Evening star., 1953-10-10
'Operotion Condor'

1t looks as though Operation Candor"-
a name somebody dreamed up to describe a
hoped-for program to inform the American
people as to Russia's atomic weapons progress
is not going to amount to very much
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-04-11
2CathoIic Churches
To Enthrone Statue

Two Catholic churches here
will have ceremonies next week
enthroning the Pilgrim Virgin
Statue. a duplicate of the statue
of the Virgin Mary at Fatima,
Portugal.
Ceremonies will be held at
$3.50 pm. tomorrow at the Shrine
of the Most Blessed Sacrament,
Chevy Chase Circle. They will
consist of a procession, recita-
ton of the rosary. benediction
and sermon by the Right Rev.
William c. McGrath, director of
the Pilgrim Virgin Tour.
Services at 7:45 pm. Monday
and Tuesday at the shrine will
round out three days of prayers
for world peace and the welfare
of the United States.
On Wednesday, the statue will
be enthroned at Holy Redeemer
Church. Kensington.
The statue has received its
name from the fact that it has
been taken to many different
countries and American centers
in an effort to inspire devotion
to the Blessed Virgin. Catholics
believe the Blessed Virgin ap-
peared to three peasant children
at Fatima in 1917 to ask in
creased devotion to God.