davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-11-12
| Journalists Label
Secret Government
AS Threat 10 Liberty
BY the Associoted Press

ST. LOUIS, Nov. 12.-The
Executive Council of Sigma Delta
Chi, journalism fraternity, la
bells "secret Government" and
news censorship as the most
dangerous threats to American
freedom.
Meeting in a pre-convention
session, the council yesterday ap-
proved a report by the frater-
nity's Committee for the Ad-
vancement of Freedom of In
formation. which found news
secrecy still prevails at local,
State and National levels of gov
ernment.
The committee, headed by v.
M. Newton, jr., managing editor
of the Tampa (Fla) Tribune,
said it had studied 100 cases in
volving censorship of Govern
ment records by dictatorial pub
lie servants and secret meetings
by arrogant elected officials"
Not all of the criticism was di-
rected to public officials. how
ever. Members of news medias
also were cited by the committee
which noted "the refusal of GER
tain segments of the press and
radio, because of selfish or other
reasons, to live up to obligations
which a free people confer with
the press"
The report added "a very real
need for a very real houseclean-
ing inside the profession" is in
dicated.
Sees HOusecleaning Need.
Also criticized was public apa-
thy toward "the dire effects of
secret government upon their
liberties"
The 15-page report, to be pre-
sented to the full convention
group which opens business
meetings today, urged formation
of a National Council for the Ad-
vancement of Freedom of In
formation which would be COM
prised of national press and
radio representatives. The coun-
Gil would conduct a constant
Evening star., 1953-11-12
ANHeovyweights Needn't Fear
Heart Trouble, Doctor Asserts

so from the standard weight,
obesity as fatness and obesity as
excess weight are by no means
identical.
There is not enough evidence
that fatnesS of a fairly mild de-
gree is really involved in higher
risk of heart ailments, he said.
Much more research is needed
on such questions as the kind of
food people eat, the amount of
work or exercise they do and the
strain they put upon their hearts
and what their gross weight,
whether from fat or not. has to
do with this. DR.. Keys declared.
Evening star., 1953-11-12

patrol Of the governmental
'front.'"
Mans struggle for his right
to know about his government
has been synonymous with his
struggle for freedom" the re-
port said. THE two great prin-
ciples are so interlocking
you cannot have one without the
other.
Freedom depends absolutely
upon the exercise of public
opinion UP on the peoples gov
ernment, which is impossible un-
less the people have all the facts
at the time and not after the
fact, when it is too late"
Cite Specific Examples.
Specific examples of secret
government" during 1858, as
listed in the report, included the
closed proceedings in the Jelke
vice case in New York and a
'brazen demonstration of auto
cratic public servants taking
over the peoples business be-
hind locked doors" when the
North Carolina Legislature de
clined to meet as long as news
men were present, then rushed
through repeal of the States
anti-secrecy act"
The report also criticized the
House Un-American Activities
Committee for its failure to iden-
tify clergymen accused of Com
munist links until two months
after the original charges.
While noting a 'freer access"
to news for radio and television
reporters in 1853, the report
strongly urged the fraternity to
support legislation:
l. Guaranteeing the right of
public inspection of Government
records in the 26 States still
without such statutes.
2. Outlawing secret meetings
of public officials on all Govern
ment levels.
3. Opposing secret meetings by
congressional committees and
the censorship of Government
records.
A panel discussion on freedom
Evening star., 1953-11-12

Of information is on today's
schedule in the three-day con-
vention with Ed Dooley, man
aging editor of the Denver Post,
presiding.
Guest speakers for the con-
vention include James Hagerty,
presidential press secretary;
Theodore c. Streibert, director
of the United States Information
Agency. and a panel of newspa-
per columnistS: Doris FleeSon,
Marquis Childs, Thomas l..
Stokes, Roscoe Drummond and
Stewart AlSop.
Evening star., 1953-11-12
Two Get Degrees
With Assists by
Cat and Rabbit

With an assist from the
animal kingdom, two grad
uate students at George
w shingto University
earned their doctorates in
philosophy, conferred last
night.
William A. Krivoy's dis
sertation was entitled: "a
Pharmacologic Study of
Cholinergic and Adrenergic
Influences on the Respira-
tory Center of the Cat"
Stylianos Demetrois Pro-
tonotarios of Greece wrote
on "Physiologic Effects of
the Bacterial Polysaccaride
on the Blood Pressure of
Splenectomized and Sham
Splenectomized Rabbits"
Evening star., 1953-11-12
Chuvez Visits Franco

MADRI, Spain, Nov. IL (P).--
Senator Chavez. Democrat, of
New Mexico called on Generals
Simo Francisco Franco yesterday
at his Pardo Palace. He is here
on an inspection tour of sites
for proposed United States mill
tary bases in Spain.
Evening star., 1953-11-12
Wind Sets Film Record

FRANKFURT, Germany, Nov.
IL (P.-The movie Gone With
the Wind" is making a record
showing in Western Germany.
1t is in it's 18th week at a Frank
furt theater and has been seen
by more than 10000 people.
Evening star., 1953-11-12
Degrees Conferred on 344
At CIV Fall Convocotion

n 1O1 1IlcI I'll dIlSIdJOI dIlu III
terpreter of Japanese for British
Army Intelligence was among
344 students who received de-
grees last night at the fall con-
vocation of George Washington
University in Lisner Auditorium.
Donald J. Pearce, %, of 1415
Chaplin street NV, who was
attached to the British General
Staff in India during the war,
and who also served in Wash
ington with the American Gen
eral Staff and with the Ameri-
can authorities in Japan, re-
ceived a degree of bachelor of
arts with distinction and with
special honorS in French.
He is native of Southamp-
ton, England. and has been in
the United States for five years.
He is a naturalized citizen. He
and his wife, June, have a g.
month-old daughter, Kristin.
Egyptian Gets Degree.
Kamal Mohamed Aboul-Kheir.
attache of the Egyptian Embassy
here, received a degree of mas
ter. of comparative law. He is a
graduate of the Fouad University
in Cairo.
One of two doctor of educa-
ton degrees awarded went to
Orson w. Trueworthy, 1011 Fifer
drive, Alexandria, Va. A State
Department administrative Of
ficer, he received a bachelor of
arts degree from Wilson Teach
ers' College in 1886, and a master
of education degree from George
Washington in 1910. His thesis
for the latest honors concerned
the problem of space in sec
ondary schools.
The other student awarded a
doctorate in education was Will
lard w. Blaesser, who previous
ly received degrees of bachelor
of science and master OF arts
from the University of Wiscon-
sin.
The commencement speaker
was DR.. Henry Grattan Doyle,
dean of the Columbian College,
in the absence of DR.. Cloyd H.
Marvin, president of George
Washington. Dean of Faculties
Oswald S. Colclough gave the
charge to the graduates.
Need of Capable Teachers.
Dean Doyle in his address
pointed to the need for capable
and dedicatd teachers.
Teaching. DR.. Doyle declared,
is a "top-fight job" which calls
for respect and loyalty on the
part of those engaged in it. 1t
also calls for mastery of ones
subject, he stressed, including
knowledge extending beyond the
limits of the particular course
being taught.
You can't be a good teacher
even of elementary French and
know only elementary French"
DR.. Doyle asserted. You must
know the cultural wealth to
which knowledge of the language
ic Or1U tho 1oocto1 onl x,o1I oon
not do that if you possess only
the key to the first door, which
is elementary French"
All good teachers, the dean
said, are interested in becoming
better scholars. Those who
aren't "have no business in the
teaching profession"
The graduates follow:
Evening star., 1953-04-04
By the Associated Press

ANNAPOLIS. Md, April A.
Vice Admiral C. Turner JOY.
chief United Nations negotiator
for II months in the fruitless
Korean truce talks, finds room
for a little encouragement and
plenty of skepticism in the latest
Communist proposals for new
armistice conference.
Now superintendent of the
Naval Academy here, Admiral
Joy said in an interview the
most encouraging feature of the
new offer was its timing. 1t
came in the midst of Communist
peace overtures in several parts
of the, world.
But he said there were enough
loopholes in the published Red
offer on prisoner exchanges to
occupy negotiators for many
more wearying sessions.
For instance, whom will the
Communists propose as the "neu-
tral nation" for screening pris-
oners to be returned?
when we last discussed neu-
trail teams for behind the Lines
inspections. they wouldn't even
consider Switzerland a neutral"
said Admiral Joy. Before that,
they had proposed a neutral
team COMPOSED of Poland,
Evening star., 1953-04-04
Doctors
Continued From First Page.

\NOt1L1uuGO fTOM FlTSG FdBG.J
voked by the presidium of the
supreme Soviet las incorrect in
connection with the actual cir
cumstances which have been
disclosed at the present time"
At the time the medal was
given, an official announcement
said 1t was "for assistance given
the government in the matter of
exposing doctor assassins."
Correcting q Mistake.
The Moscow press had called
editorially for the death of the
accused and demanded height
ened vigilance against foreign
spies.
The release of the doctors ap-
parently indicates that Beria's
new ministry is not going to
allow any investigating organs
to use means and methods other
than those allowed by the So
Wet constitution.
(This dispatch, which
passed through Russian CEN
SorShip, did not mention what
methods are permitted.)
Speaking at Stalin's.- funeral
in Red Square March 8, Beria
said the government would pro-
tect the interests of the people.
Obviously. this is being done.
The Malenkov government has
moved swiftly to correct a mis-
take and it pointed out the mis-
take in definite. frank fashion.
Evening star., 1953-04-04
Vivian Truman's S FILA Job
Urged for Republican
BY the Associated Press

ST. LOUIS, April 4.-Replace-
ment Of Missouri's two Federal
Housing Administration direc-
tors. including Vivian Truman
brother Of the ex-President, has
been recommended by State Re-
publican leaders.
A. D. Welsh, Republican ma
tional committeeman from Mis-
souri,. said last night these rec
concentrations have been sent to
Albert M. Cole, new administra-
tor Of the Housing and Home
Finance Agency in Washington:
F. Harold Fenix of Joplin, for
mer Jasper County collector, to
replace Vivian Truman as FILA
director for the western district
of Missouri, with Offices at Kan
sas City.
Alan. T. Smith to replace Hugo
P. Albrecht as director for the
eastern Missouri district, with
headquarters in st. Louis. Mr..
Smith is assistant FHA director
here.
Both men are Republicans.
Evening star., 1953-04-04
By The Assoeiqled Press

e "A difference, Of opinion be-
tween Senate Republican Leader
Taft and FBI Director j. Edgar
Hoover as to when Communist
teachers should be removed from
faculties came to light today.
Mr., Hoover made no reference
to Senator Taft in testimony re-
leased by the House Appropria-
tions subcommittee, considering
the FBI budget. But In the tes-
timony. parts of which were
deleted from the printed record,
Mr.. Hoover said:
while we must jealousy pro-
tect our academic freedom. there
is no room in America for
Communists or Communist sym
pathizers in our educational
system"
Senator Taft has said. in
discussing r d S : in education
probes. he would not favor firing
a college professor for being a
Communist unless I was GER
tain that he was teaching COM
munisrn and having some effect
on the development Of the
thought of the students"
The Ohio Senator voiced his
views in a February q speech
before the National Gamers AS
sociation at Chicago.
Senator Taft upheld the right
of Congress to expose Com
munists anywhere but said he
could "see no particular pur-
pose in examining the view Of
Evening star., 1953-04-04
By the Associated Press

Communist brain washing"
subtle torture that makes a
man spout a lie and think it's
the truth, may cause American
captives Of the Reds to refuse
publicly to come home.
Official quarters here were Civ
ing increasingly serious study to
this possibility as prospects
brighten for actual agreement on
an armistice in Korea.
The big stumbling block to a
truce agreement has been United
Nations refusal to force prison.
ers of war to go back to their
homes. But the Communists, in
line with Kremlin peace over
lures, have indicated they might
agree to some sort of voluntary
repatriation.
It would be a feather in the
cap of Red propagandists if, in
the wake of an armistice, Ameri-
cans they hold in China would
tell the world they prefer to re-
main under Red rule.
That's where brain washing
comes in.
John D. Hayes. a Presbyterian
Evening star., 1953-04-04
FBi Chic; Opposing Toft View.
Foyors Barring Red Teachers

q few individual professors If
they are not part Of an organi-
zation promoting the spread Of
communism"
The. House Un-American Ac-
ttvities Committee, headed by
Representative Velde. Republic
can. Of Illinois, was much in the
news about then as it launched
its search for subversives in ed
ucation.
Mr.. Hoover expressed his
opinion February Is at a closed
session of the House subcom-
mittee, which released his testi-
mony today.
On the subject of Communists
in education, Mr.. Hoover had
this to say:
"The Communist threat to our
educational structure is not yet
recognized fully in some quar-
ters. Individuals and groups,
some liberal but frankly nom
Communist in their outlook,
others taken in by the Com
munist line. and still others
working for the Communist
cause continue to defend the
right Of Communists to hold
teaching positions unless and
until they demonstrate a dis
loyalty to cur country.
1T behooveS every thinking
American to re-examine criti-
cally the essential facts Of the
matter. When he does so he will
find the Communist ill-equipped
on every score for a place in the
teaching field"
Evening star., 1953-04-04
Admiral Joy Sees Hopes Dim
4 For Results at Punn7uniom

ICzec hs1ovaki and the
U. S. S. R."
Another barrier would be de-
Gliding who within the neutral
nation would make final de-
cisions on which prisoners were
to be exchanged, he added.
The Communist message itself,
Admiral Joy said, carried over
tones of the same argument to
which he was exposed for almost
a year-that the only reason
some prisoners do not wish to
return to China and North Korea
is because they have been intimi-
dated by their U. N. captors.
He said he believed one factor
in the Red decision to propose
new talks was the military and
diplomatic "f1rmness" by the
U. N.
The admiral also said there
seemed little doubt that the U. N.
position on the prisoner question
that no prisoner would be
forced to return to Communist
forces if he preferred to remain
with the U. N.-remained un-
changed.
The success Of the truce talks
opening Monday. he said. un-
doubtedly depends on whether
the Communist position has
changed.
Evening star., 1953-04-04

reorient some Of the operations
Of the National Bureau of Stand
ards. and in this connection
would like to have a man of his
own choosing in charge of the
bureau.
Although I had expected tc
work with the Secretary of Com.
merce toward improving the eff.
fectiveness of the important
services which the bureau rend-
ers to science. industry and Gov.
ernment, this appears not to be
desired by the Secretary.
II, therefore, submit herewith
my resignation as Director of the
National Bureau of Standards
to be effective at your pleasure
EiSenhOwer's Reply.
Two days later, Gen. Eisen-
hover replied:
"As rendered in your letter of
March 80, I hereby accept your
resignation as director of the
National Bureau of Standards,
effective April 18.
I'm doing so, I want to ex-
tend to you my best wishes for
the future"
Reporters wanted to know
what DR.. Astin planned for his
future.
II want to take a good rest"
he said wearily. II haven't had
a real vacation since 1910.
think I deserve one"
Evening star., 1953-04-04
Effects of Brain Wushinq'
On Prisoners Feared by u. S.

missionary who returned to the
United States recently after 10
months imprisonment by the
Chinese Reds, has told about his
experience with this technique.
In a copyrighted interview
with the magazine U. S. News
and World Report, Mr.. Hayes
said constant questioning and
innuendoes planted germs of
ideas in his mind until eventually
he was made to believe he was
a spy.
His IS days before a Red
court, he said, made it difficult
to distinguish between what the
court had suggested and what
one had known to be the facts" :"
Authorities who have seen a
Red propaganda movie of the
confession" of three American
airmen were impressed with the
detailed story they told of carry
ing on germ warfare against the
Communists.
The authorities said that, al
though the airmen's story had
not one shred of truth in it.,
they gave no evidence Of being
under compulsion or struggling
with any mental conflict.
Evening star., 1953-04-04
Russian Press Quotes
Eisenhower on Peace
BY the A.sociated Press

MOSCOW, April 4.-The
Soviet press and radio gave
prominent play today to Presi-
dent Eisenhower's statement
that all Communist peace moves
should be accepted at face value
until proved otherwise.
Newspapers put a Washington
dispatch reporting the Presi-
dents remarks Thursday in a
conspicuous place on their
foreign news pages and kept it
through all editions. There was
no immediate editorial COM
ment, however.
Moscow radio also carried the
account, distributed by the
Soviet news agency Tass, in both
home and foreign broadcasts.
Publication of the Eisenhower
statement followed one day after
the Soviet press quoted British
Prime Minister Churchill as well
coming Russian moves to better
relations with the Western
powers.
The names of both Mr.. Eisen-
hover and Mr.. Churchill now
appear in the Soviet press as
they used to during World
War II when the United States
and Britain were allied with the
Soviet Union.
Evening star., 1953-04-04
Tough Job 10 Save NAT0
Seen With Peace Talk
By the Associated Press

Gen. Alfred M. Gruenther says
the Russian peace talk could
make it tough to keep the NATO
alliance together"
The chief of staff of the
Western military alliance said
at a Pentagon news conference
yesterday the Soviets undoubt-
edly are making a major effort
to isolate us from our allies, u
particularly because what the
Russians are now saying "is
something all of us would like
to believe"
Gen. Gruenther is returning to
headquarters of the North At
lantic Treaty Organization ir
France after several weeks at
home.
He said that despite its ineffi-
ciencies and potential weakness
NATO is "a great thorn in the
side of the Soviets." He report
ed the Western alliance military
forces today are better off than
he thought they would be two
years ago and that the basic
machinery of the supreme COM
mand is virtually completed.
Evening star., 1953-04-04
DAV Units Heur Ming
At Dinner Tonight

Floyd L. Ming. national COM
mander of the Disabled Ameri-
can Veterans, will speak on the
groups national program at a
dinner at z o'clock tonight in
the DardenelleS Restaurant. Falls
Church, Va.
Host units will be Northern
Virginia Chapter II of Alexan-
dria. Arlington Chapter 10 and
Fairfax County Chapter Is Of
Falls Church.
Evening star., 1953-04-04
Liaison Officers Put
Finishing touches ON
Panmunjom Plans
BY The Assoeioted Press

MUNSAN. Korea. April A.
Allied and Communist liaiSon
officers are expected to meet late
today or tomorrow in Panmun-
JON to put finishing touches on
plans for a Monday meeting
which could pave the way to a
truce in Korea.
A time must be set for the
session to discuss plans for ex-
changing sick and wounded
prisoners of war. And Gen.
Mark Clark's formal acceptance
must be delivered to the Com
munists.
Rear Admiral John c. Daniel,
the U. N. truce delegate who will
head the allied delegation Mon
day, announced selection Of four
officers as members OF the
Iaison group.
Early Exchange Seen.
Even before plans for Mon
days session were complete, the
U. N. command was virtually
ready to care for sick and
wounded prisoners the Reds may
free.
Most officers here expressed
belief that disabled prisoners
will be eXchanged-and soon.
1t. Col. Charles E. Hollings-
worth of Chickasha, Okla, COM
mander of a 60-bed hospital set
up near this advance base, said
the rate at which allied
prisoners are processed would
depend only on the rate they
were received from the Com
muniStS.
The thunder of artillery was
clearly audible here as officers
and troops worked feverishly on
preparations for handling dis
abled prisoners. Fighter -bombers
SWooped down on Red 'front.'
line positions only a few miles
away and column of United
States tanks runbled along the
dusty road near this truce camp
on their way to the front.
Freedom Village Ready.
Plans for processing disabled
prisoners neared completion
with the erection Of a complete
tent town called Freedom Viii
lage" less than half a mile from
here.
Marines who put up the viii
lage in a single day erected
sign at the gate reading: Free
dom Village-the End of the
Rainbow"
The village houses a mobile
Army surgical hospital, complete
with staff, and a processing CEN
ter through which will funnel
the prisoners returned by the
Reds.
The officers who will accom-.
pany Admiral Daniel to Pam
munjom are Army Col. Willard
B. Carlock. Galveston, Tex; Air
Force 1t. Col. H. M. Odren, Dunn
Center. N. OAK; Navy Comdr.
James Shew, Goldendale, Wash,
and South Korean Col. Lee 500
Young.
Evening star., 1953-04-04
Reds Free No Foreigners
Since Peace Offensive
BY the Assoeiated Press

HONG KONG, April 4.-None
of the many foreign nationals
held in Communist China has
been freed since the Red peace
offensive opened last week,
sources here said today.
Consular officials, missionary
headquarters and commercial
houses have kept close watch on
the Red China border. in hopes
the peace moves would include
release of foreign nationals.
About 80 Americans and at
least so other foreign nationals
are known to be in Jail or under
house arrest inside China. Most
face political charges such as
reactionism, opposing the Pei
ping-controlled church, or ex-
plotting the masses.
Evening star., 1953-04-04
Stevens, Back inD.C.,, ,
Calls 9Th Army Store Z
OF Ammunition Good
washington, d 9.
SATURDAY, APRIL T.. 1858

Secretary Of the Army Stevens
said today on his return from
an inspection trip to Korea that
the 9th Army is well supplied
with ammunition.
"The supply is good" he told
reporters at National Airport.
II found that true everywhere I
looked and I looked In q good
many places. This applies equally
to the forward areas and the
rear areas" T..
Avoids Controversy.
But Secretary Stevens refused
to be drawn into a controversy
over Gen. James A. Van Fleets
charge that there was an am
munition shortage while the lat
ter was commander of the Sth
Army. He said he had not UNDER
taken to investigate conditions
In the past.
Mr.. Stevens conceded, in an
swef to question, that arnmuni-
ton is not running out Of the
ears" but maintained the supply
is all right.
"The 9th Army is well sup
Piled" the Secretary said. "The
important thing, it seems to me,
is that we here at home keep the
supplies rolling to the troops"
Praises ROK Division.
The Secretary. who departed
just a week ago today. praised
Gen. Mark Clark, United Nations
commander in the Far East, and
also the forces Of the Republic
of Korea. He said he visited
the 1st ROK Division and was
inspired to find 1t such an OUT
standing organization.
Mr.. Stevens said he knew Of
nothing new in the prisoner-of-
war exchange proposals. After
noting that the allied liaisor
group will confer Monday with
Communist spokesmen. he ex-
pressed conviction that Gen.
Clark will "meticulously" follow
announced American policy. He
referred to President Eisenhow-
er's willingness to meet the Reds
half way and take "at face
value" any peace moves they
make.
The Secretary declared the 9Th
Army under 1t. Gen. Maxwell
Taylor is prepared to carry out
any mission assigned. He de-
clined to discuss capabilities for
an offensive or for defensive war;
fare. saying the mission would be
accomplished, whatever 1t may
ho