davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
4 Drown in Maryland
As Skiff Upsets
BY the Asseciatsd Press

CENTREVILLE. Md, Oct.
IA Sunday boat outing
turned into a tragedy when a
skiff overturned yesterday and
four of eight persons aboard
drowned. All of the victims
were Negro oyster workers.
Two were rescued after cling
ing to the overturned boat. A
third was pulled from the waite,
and revived and a fourth swan
to safety.
The accident occurred a few
miles east of the western end OF
the Chesapeake Bay Bridge, and
just southwest Of Grasonville, In
Kent Narrows.
State police said all the VIC
Tins lived in houses owned by
the Harvey Ruth oyster Pack
ing House.
Police listed the dead as
James Albert johnson, 81; Cor
rine Dobson. 81: James Oths
Conyer, A, and ONEIDA MAY
Stubbs, 81. They said the bodies
OF the Dobson woman and
Conyer were not Immediately
recovered.
Pulled from the water and
revived by artificial respira-
ton, police said, was SamueI
Hobbs, Al.
Mary Lou Conyer, 80, and
Leon Turner. SO. also were
rescued. Grace Eta King, %
swan to safety and gave the
first word of the accident.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12

tige." This has cost this coun-
try, and indirectly ourselves,
a good deal. Instead of having
today a homogeneous force of
at least Is divisions, fully
equipped with the latest mill
tary devices. Turkey has at
present 81 divisions. But only
a little more than half that
number has full modern equip
naent.
This has come about in the
following manner: Guided by
a somewhat ill-advised senti-
ment of playing in the big
league. the Ankara government
insisted on becoming a part of
the NATO. Before joining the
Big League, Turkey was OBJ
tanning assistance from us
under the only effective BIZ
partisan action of the last adj
nlinistration: the Truman doc
trine of 1947. Had Turkey
remained under that regime Of
assistance it Is probable that
she would have received from
Congress the necessary funds
for economic and military re-
construction in keeping with
her own unf1inching efforts
and sacrifices.
Turkey is the only ally we
have which has never given
Washington hints or warnings
that unless we come across
with more cash the govern
ment would fall and the Com
munists might take over. Com
muniSm is effectively outlawed
in this country and pink" is
known only as a color. But
moved by an ill-conceived
sentiment of pride and anxiety
for international prestige the
Turkish government insisted
on becoming a full f1edged
partner in the NATO organi-
cation. Former Secretary of
State Dean Acheson had to use
all his power Of persuasion to
overcome the opposition of the
French and British govern
mentS, and after making con-
cessions in other fields. OBJ
tanned their consent to admit
Turkey to the CLUB"
The result became apparent
within a short time. Congress
appropriates a lump sum for
the military needs of NATO.
The amount is divided amongst
the various partners. But the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
Dorothy Thompson
Not Even a Moral Victory
Dispute Over Repatriation of Prisoners Korea Threatens
To Block Peoce and Leove Y. S Going 1t Alone

place, and responded to it by
releasing $4,000, or about half
of the anti-Communist pris-
oners, 10 days after it was
signed.
In this struggle between
Syngman Rhee and the repat-
ration commission, the United
States, spokesman for the U. N.
Command, has, as write,
taken no clear position though
urged to do so in behalf of the
commission by India, backed
up by the Western neutral
members and by our U. N.
allies in the Korean war as
well.
The issue threatens to block
a Korean peace and to leave
the United States isolated with
DR.. Rhee against the North Ko-
rean Communists, India, the
European neutralS and all our
British Commonwealth allies.
One recalls the warning of
the late Senator Taft, criti-
cized by President Eisenhower
himself, that we may "have to
go it alone in Korea"
But if peace founders and
the United States has to "go
it alone" not only against the
Asian Communist states, but
also against the Soviet Union,
and India which leads the
Arab-Asian bloc-presently in
neither camp; If, in short, we
go it alone against the whole
of Asia and without a single
reliable Western ally, we shall
go it alone to perdition.
Going it alone requires a
policy totally different from
the one we have pursued since
1947 via the U.N. and our
unique Interpretation of its
obligations.
It requires that the United
States limit its positive and
known commitments and
strike the hardest diplomatic
bargains it can through the
existence of formidable power
in reserve-not dissipated over
the whole globe; power which
does not take the lead count
ing on dubious followers, but,
uncommitted, awaits the APP
propriate moment; power with
which everyone must reckon,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12

major powers, France, Britain
and Italy, obtain the lions
share. After entering the
NATO, Turkey received only
the left overs. Thus, while the
assistance extended to our
major European allies since
1850 goes into billions, Turkey
has received during the last
years. altogether less than 81
billion in military and eco
nomic assistance.
Turkey is spending on ma
tional defense an amount com.
parable with our own military
expenditures. if we keep in
mind the relative resources Of
both countries. Heavy taxa
ton is equally burdening all
citizens. Turkey became q
democratic republic only 80
years ago through the untiring
driving power of Renal Alta
turk, its George Washington.
Its progress was stymied by
the second World War when
Turkey had to walk a tight
rope to maintain its neutrality.
This she could do only by
keeping a sufficiently strong
army on its borders to discour-
age both Germans and Rus
slams from attempting to make
Turkey into another Belgium
or Finland. Later. Americas
moral support helped her hold
off a Soviet invasion between
1945 and 1947. Now its gov
eminent and people are firmly
convinced that only military
strength will keep the Muscov-
ties away. All her meager re-
sources had to be devoted,
principally during the last IA
years, to military prepared
ness. Today 70 per cent Of
the male population and 80
per cent of the women are
illiterates. This is not due to
any lack of interest in educa-
ton on the part of the Ankal :.
government, but to the inter-
national crisis.
If the American assistance
is more limited than many
members of Congress would
like to see, the fault lies not so
much with the American as
with the Turkish government,
which has not realized the
high price it would have to
pay to become member Of
the exclusive NATO club.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12

On May 26, President Eisen
hover said. apropos the Ko-
rean prisoner. of war issue,
there are certain principles
which are basic and not sub
ject to change -. no prisoners
will be. coerced or inundated
in any way :. the procedures
used in handling these prison.
ers must reflect these princi-
pies"
This statement was made Is
days in advance of the agree
ment finally concluded between
the United Nations and the
North Korean Communist
command.
Now the carrying -out Of the
provisions of the agreement
has led to a dispute between
the u. N. Command and the
Communists: between the U.
N. Command and the Neutral
Repatriation Commission; and
a vehement struggle between
the neutral commission and
Syngman Rhee. president of
South Korea. who never signed
the agreement in the first
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
Life in the U. S.
Life in the U. S.
Sea Gull Struts
Despite Arrow
| Through Body

SYRACUSE, N. Y, Oct. 49,
That mysterious sea gull with
an arrow through it's body seems
less troubled about it's condition
than are officials of the Society
for Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals.
After photos Of the gull ap-
peared in the newspapers, bird
fanciers began to protest that
it should be put out Of its misery.
But the gull seems to feel diff
ferently about it. It struts and
flies around unhampered and
appears to enjoy the stares OF
its fellows.
SPCA Director William E.
Rapp says it might be a good
idea to catch the bird and try
to get the arrow out.
But the gull wants none OF
that either. Even amateur pho
tographers, who have swarmed
to its home on nearby Danforth
Lake, have trouble getting close
enough for a shot.
The arrow appears in pictures
to have entered the birds body
at the right rear and poked out
the left front-but no one has
been able to explain how it got
there.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12

out against sin and PERSONAL
lied it in q television show Of
grubby big city gangsters and
hoodlums far away from Ten
nessee. With his name and
fame thus established. he con-
Quoted his campaign for the
Democratic presidential nomi-
nation by personalizing voters,
in effect, all over the country.
In SnoWbound villages in New
Hampshire and Wisconsin, in
sun-speckled towns in Califor-
mia he walked up and down
the streets shaking hands with
the folks and making them feel
like personalities in their own
right and very warm to the big
tall fellow who made them feel
that way. That snowballed
him into the Democratic con-
vention where he lost eventu-
ally to Adlai Stevenson.
Senator Kefauver is making
the same sort Of personal,
door to-door, town to = town
campaign now in Tennessee.
He is reported to face a hard
fight in his contest for re-
nomination and reelection
next year to the Senate-and
he must get back to the Senate
to have a base from which to
try again for the presidency in
1856.
So he's running against Ike.
Another TenneSsean, Gov.
Frank Clement, who was so
bold at the Seattle governors
conference last August, as to
challenge President Eisenhower
to his face on IVA, never
theleSS was very careful when
he was here last week for his
talk with the President to
speak very highly Of the Chief
Executive. He sought to give
the President an tout" on IVA
by blaming the aides who had
briefed Mr.. Eisenhower on the
great Tennessee Valley project.
Gov. Clement. a very per-
sonable and vocal young man
with ALMOST the breezy Texas
manner to match his broad
brimmed white hat. may run
against Senator Kefauver for
the nomination, or he may be
content to seek another term
as Governor. The latest guess
is for the latter course. If that
is correct. Representative Pat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
British See Reds inNeW Light
Speedy Action to Ban Communist Rebellion in Guiana
Moy Lead to Better Anqo-Americon Relations

ment has been given. That's
unity with a capital IL"
Maybe the London govern
ment will appreciate what the
United States Government
didn't do - as, for instance,
rushing in to recognize the Red
government in British Guiana
with an argument that, after
all, the local government there
exercises complete military
control Of the whole country
and, therefore, is entitled to
diplomatic recognition, as the
British have argued in defense
Of their recognition Of Red
China.
Maybe Prime Minister Nehru
of India will disagree with
what has been done in British
Guiana. He has q sentimental
interest, because half the popu-
lation Of British Guiana came
originally from India. The
Asian leader, on the other
hand, usually confines his cpl
thets about irresponsible gov
eminent" to the South Korean
regime. He never criticizes
Moscow or Peiping, but aims
his verbal bombs at the United
States because it refuses to
treat as q satellite the South
Korean government, set up
originally by the United Ma
tons. and regards it as an
independent government which
has made great sacrifices for
freedom. The developments in
British Guiana will certainly
furnish a test of Nehru's con-
sistency.
What has occasioned sur
prise here. however. is that
the British government in
London has itself risen so
resolutely to the occasion and
that it discovered before it
was too late how Communists
inflltrate a free country. The
British evidently are not so
much in need Of Mccarthy,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12

Sutton would probably be the
Senator's chief opponent in
the Democratic primary.
Nowhere else thus far has
President Eisenhower had such
close personal identification
with an issue as in Tennessee.
In time it may get to the point
where responsibility will be
pinned on him instead of on
Republicans in Congress or
cabinet members such as
Messrs. Benson, Mckay, Dulles,
ct al.
Democrats generally are
loath to do that until and UNI
less they are sure it's safe. II
the President continues pop
ular, they don't want to be
put in the position of running
against him in the congress
slonal elections next year,
which they would invite if they
opened up on him and made
him the issue. That is Just
what Republicans would like.
1t will be another matter, ma
turally, If the President suffers
slump in popularity.
If that occurs, then Senator
Kefauver can thumb back in
his date book and claim he was
a prophet.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
Fletcher Knebel
Potomac Fever

win address the Future Of America this week
which certainly Republican right than
addressing the present farmers Of America.
finally agree the peace talks The
getting oneyits months since they've had
a decent conference to walk out
Churchill calls for conference Of the heads Of state
of the big There's talk of expanding the Big
to the Big Five-to include Mccarthy.
Workers assails
opposing manufacturers The only the
Democrats favor is the office tax-tats the you'll get
when they're back in Office
Yugosav troops bristling Italy Our
State Department feels Snubbeds liable the first
pean war in some years that we weren't invited to.
Attorney General Brownel asks to fight
Browne doesn't want drastic powes-just the
old Congress denied the New Deal will be good enough
Republican Senator Bcker Secretary Dulles
of illegal Soersaults Brcker growing
toerana least he's found State Department movement
he regards as legal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
Star and 6. U. Forum
Given Service Awards

Certificates of public service
were presented to The Evening
Star and the Georgetown Uni
versity Forum last night by
Washington Lodge, No. IS, of
the Benevolent and Protective
Order of Elks.
The presentations we're made
by James P. Heating, the lodges
exalted ruler, on the forum pro-
gram over television station
WTTG and the Dumont net
work. Accepting for The Star
was it's news editor, I. William
Hill, and for the forum, its mod
orator, Matthew Warren.
The Stars award, linked with
newspaper week, was "for meri-
torious public service in further
ancc of the public's heritage: An
| Informed Press Means an In
formed People
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12

after all. as has been thought
by some American observers,
including this writer. For
somehow the British govern
ment now has come to believe
that the left wing" Peoples
Progressive Party in British
Guiana isn't Just a political
party but a reasonable con-
spiracy, and that to interfere
with the sacred right Of "free
speech" and the right to
political beliefs" In such a
situation is merely to assert
the right of self preservation
for British rule as against a
plotted rebellion.
Maybe now there will be
less scoffing in Britain at So
called witch hunting" or
"hysteria" in America and
those reckless Americans"
who insist on exposing o Com
munist plot long before it gets
to the point of actually TAX
ing over q government. Ger
tainly this concrete example
IN British Guiana Of what
Communist inf1ltration can do
when its activities are too
long looked upon as merely
political beliefs" without re-
gard to conspiratorial acts
will have a salutary effect
throughout the world. It GER
tainly vindicates the persis-
tent efforts of the committees
of Congress here in exposing
Communist methods" For,
if the British government,
known everywhere for its
tolerance, cannot brook the
treason of the Communist
leaders in British Guiana,
Britons can hardly sheer at
the American attitude toward
Communist conspiracieS. It
could lead to a decided inn
provement in British-Ameri-
can relations.
Reproduction Fights Reserved.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12

no one can exploit, and many
will WOO.
A power which a frightened
world is trying to escape in-
stead Of cajole; which traipses
the globe handing out aims
and aid, trying to buy good
will; which rushes headstrong
into military adventures In
areas all but impossible to de-
fend under conditions depriv-
ing it of authority, is no power
at all. st
This column thinks the
agreement regarding anti
Communist POWs was atroci-
Gus, but that the neutral COM
mission is working entirely
within its frames of refer
ence."
We cannot agree that it pro-
vided that no prisoners should
be "coerced." They may not
be driven back by bayonets.
If the explanations" are to
be limited, as the Swedish gov
eminent affirms, to 25-minute
interviews per man-and IL
prisoners are not to be SUBJ
Jected to mass broadcasting-
they are not going to be victims
of "brain-washing."
But the hard fact, clearly
stated in the agreement, is
also that If they refuse repa-
triation they will not be free
men either, but homeless wards
Of undetermined fate.
It is that which convinceS
India that most of the $4,000
will, if not inundated by the
hard core" of ti-Communist
fellow prisoners, choose repa-
triation.
This column predicted that
they would so choose before
India was ever heard from.
1t is not by chance that the
United States should wind UP
in Korea (if the venture does
wind up with everyone against
her - enemies, neutrals, and
allies and without even q
moral victory.
CReleased by The Bell Syndicate. Inc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
Doris FIeeson-

MADRID, Oct. IL. - The
controversial American agree
mentS with Franco Spain have
now been signed-a historic
foreign-policy step which both
countries by tacit consent de-
layed until the Republicans
achieved power in the United
States.
The Eisenhower administra-
ton is thus politically liable
for the wisdom or unWisdom of
the step. 1t can be expected
to defend its vested interest in
1t by generous appropriations
which in this period of budget
balancing may have profound
repercussions among the North
Atlantic Treaty nations.
No figures are mentioned in
the agreements. Informed
sources here believe that the
United States has committed
itself to about 81 billion to be
spent over a period of three
years.
The lengthy agreements
themselves are said frankly by
American negotiatorS to repre-
sent principally an agreement
to agree. They reminded one
of them Of George AIDES IA
nous apology: Pardon the
long letter. I didn't have time
to write a short one" Since
1t is recognized, he said, that
all details must be most pains
takingly hammered out be-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
Drvid Lowrence-

The most important hap
pening In the world at the
moment is the realistic change
in British policy toward Com
muniSt imperialism occasioned
by the sudden threat Of Com
munistS to take over control Of
British Guiana.
With a swiftness that used
to be characteristic of the
Colonel BlimpS Of British
diplomacy in the old days, an
aircraft carrier and three other
warShips and several hundred
troops have been ordered to
prevent the Communists from
taking over the Colonial gov
eminent and establishing q
dictatorship on the northern
coast of South America. The
Prime Minister and i've other
cabinet officers in British
Guiana have been booted out
by the London government
and q six-monthS-old constitu-
ton has been strapped.
Now nobody In America is
arising to propose a mon
aggression" pact between the
British government in London
and the Communists in British
Guiana. Nor Is there talk Of
negotiation" rather than q
show Of force as the best way
out. Indeed, nobody in the
United States is, expressing
alarm that the British have
been too "impulsive" or "im-
patient" and that this is the
kind Of thing that leads to
"warmongering" or enlarge
ment Of the cold war"
On the contrary the United
States Government, with a
deep-seated belief in the i'm
portance Of maintaining good
faith in alliances, has promptly
Endorsed the British action and
has notified all Latin-American
governments that such indorse-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
Old George Creates a Stir

TULSA, Okla. (P.-"George''
was taken into custody by police
last night and officers are Look
ing for pranksters who created
quite a stir.
Old George was lying in the
street, lifelesS.
OfncerS Herb Hartz and Thur
man Spybuck dashed to the
scene after receiving calls about
the body. They lifted Georges
hat and found he was Just q
dressmaker's dummy wearing q
shirt and khaki trousers.
They stuffed George into the
patrol car and carried him of
to jail for disturbing the peace
Now they're waiting to see who
claims him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
Thonos [. Stokes
7honos L. Stokes
Kefduver Decides to Attack
SENATOR IS First Democrat to Aim at Eisenhower PERSONAL
IVA Criticism Nay Make President an Issue in tennessee

Maybe the first cold weather
that blew in recently from the
West, or perhaps the meteor
shower, or both, can be blamed
on a phenomenon in the po-
htical world that was almost
earth-shaking for these times.
This was when Senator Estes
Kefauver of Tennessee hitched
up his britches, drew himself
up to his full height, and gave
out thusly:
"T'he time has come to call
q spade a spade and to say
that President Eisenhower is
q disappointing President"
It wasn't a slip of the tongue
for he said it twice. two days
apart, at Denver first and then
in a speech at Milwaukee on a
recent trip West.
The crime buster who want
ed to be President, himself,
and so far as known still has
that yearning. thus was more
braSh than most other Demo-
Gratis in reaching right up to
the man in the White House.
Other Democrats have avoided
saying that thus far as too
dangerous. They regard the
President as too popular and
fear a boomerang effect. In.
stead, it is the habit to pot
shot at other targets-the
whole Republican Party as
such, or members of the cabi-
net among whom just now
Secretary Of Agriculture Ben
son is the favorite whipping
boy for Democrats.
1t might be that Estes Ke-
fauver is holder than the rest.
fOr mayhapS he's clairvoyant.
Or, which is more likely, that
down in Tennessee President
Eisenhower, himself, has be-
come the best issue because of
what he said about iva, which
is a household god virtually in
that State. When the PreSi-
dent cited IVA as an example
of creeping socialism" it was
like Slandering a member of
the family-and that's not safe.
II you can personalize poll
tics, it is better. In fact that's
traditional down South. Sem
Ator Kefauver Is an old hand
at that. You may recollect
hoW some months back he took
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-10-12
Doris Feeson-
What Spain Pact MoyMeon
Penoeon Happy Over Navy and Air Bases Deal Believed
Delayed Until G. O. P Came to Power ST Billion Cost Seen

base at Cadiz which would
relieve them of the necessity
of relying upon the British
at the western end of the
Mediterranean. the Straits of
Gibraltar.
What the Air Force wants
are refueling bases to which
they can retreat if need be.
The Army will play little part
as far as their own troops
are concerned but they have
a big order in undermining the
Spanish army both as to train
ing and weapons.
1t is appreciated in Europe
and NATO. perhaps more
than at home. that the
Americans possess at this point
the greatest combat force
in the world. It's far-tlung
experience in World War II
has now been reinforced in
Korea. In all services, Ameri-
cans are the latest to fight
and to direct the 1853 model
war. Others may speculate
but Americans know what the
West is up against today.
So far as their opposite
numbers in the military are
concerned. therefore, they
don't get much argument
when they say what must be
done. Their principal problem
is the political, social and
economic realities of the rest
of the world.
Released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc.