davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-09-13
The Reaction

Organized labor, which has been
closely identified for years with
the fortunes of the New-Fair Deal
wing of the Democratic Party, lost
no time in coming to grips with
the issue. Durkin and AFL Presi-
dent George Meany spoke porten-
touSly of labor'S adherence to
agreements. CIO President Walter
Reuther emphasized what he re-
CARDS as the anti-labor tone of
the Government. Selected quotes
from each:
Durkin: Gas one who comes from
labor, I always tried to abide by
agreements and have my union
members abide by them"
Meany: "It has long been a ira
dition in the labor movement that
once an agreement is reached the
parties abide by it. i. . (Mr. Dur
kim resigned because he could not
continue serving on a team where
agreements are not kept"
Reuther: Every effort on the
part of the Secretary of Labor to
strengthen the department :.
has been frustrated Under the
circumstances Durkin, in all
good conscience, had no choice but
to resign his office"
Democrats, meanwhile, gleefully
recalled Interior Secretary McKay'S
speech last April before the United
States Chamber of Commerce in
which he characterized the Eisen-
hover team as IAN administration
representative of business and
industry"
Before the Durkin- Eisenhower
split was out in the open, Demo-
Gratis were making political capital
of the administrations makeup.
In Detroit on Monday, former
President Truman used the words
"pro-Republican and anti-union,"
and Immediately followed them
with this remark:
Evening star., 1953-09-13
Germany

A NEW, DEMOCRATIC Germany,
"A truncated but throbbing with
vitality, has stepped firmly back
into leadership on the West Euro
pean Continent, only eight years
and four months after Hitler.
That was the overpowering first
fact of the Christian Democratic
Unions victory in the West Ger
man elections last Sunday.
With his triumph at the polls,
Konrad Adenauer, the Shrewd TT
year-old Chancellor who had car
ried his country from the bottom
to the top, became the new leader
Of Europe's slow march toward
military, political and. economic
federation. In his hour of victory
DR.. Adenauer was conscious of his
destiny. He promised to bring a
new drive to two tasks:
f.. /. The completion of the Euro
pean defense community.
2. The building of a European
political community.
Evening star., 1953-09-13
The Reaction

West Germany's friends and
enemies alike were taken aback
by the outcome. In America the
reaction was one of elation; in
France, apprehension; in Russia,
anger and bitter disappointment.
France, ever nervous about Ger
many, was taking it hard. Ger
man stability contrasted sharply
with French chaos. Plagued by
troubles from Paris to Morocco
and on to Indo-C China, France now
faces the problem of the Euro
pean Defense Community. She
must ratify the treaty; she dares
not let resurgent Germany turn
from a potentially strong ally to
an actually stronger rival. Ger
many is willing to give troops to
an international army as a part of
NATO. If France ratifies the
EDO she can retain some say in
German rearmament. But if
France dawdleS, Germany will
almost inevitably become the mill
tary leader in continental Europe's
battle against communism, as she
already is the economic leader.
This ascendancy probably would
gain Germany more American
military aid.
Because the French know this,
their indecisiveness is hardly real
istic. The smart thing for France to
do would be to take the initiative
in this transition period and rush
Western Europe into a United
Evening star., 1953-09-13

the flags flew at half staff in
Washington. They were lowered
in memory of Fred M. Vinson, Chief
Justice of the United States, who
died of heart attack on Tuesday
morning at the age of So. His was
the second death in one week of a
noted, highly respected American.
The first was that of Gen. Jona-
than Wainwright, hero of Corregi-
dor, the preceding Wednesday.
Gen. Wainwright was buried at
Arlington a few hours after the
jurist died.
For 80 years Fred Vinson had
been a Washington figure, rising
to the top in all three branches of
Government. A man with heart
as well as an intellect, he had
uncounted numbers OF friends
here.
Two of them, President EiSen-
hover and former President Tru-
man, were among his mourners at
funeral services Thursday. The
Chief Justice was buried at Louisa,
on Friday.
His death meant more than
simple grief to Gen. Eisenhower.
1t meant, too, the vast RESPONSE
bility of choosing a successor (See
article by William Hines on
Page A-27).
Evening star., 1953-09-13
The Future

The next act in the German
drama will be played october 2
when the BundeStag opens. 1t will
re-elect DR.. Adenauer Chancellor;
it will approve his cabinet.
Meanwhile, the Bonn Constitu-
tional Court probably will have de-
cided whether to give Adenauer
his EDO treaty the easy way or
make him take it the hard way.
Meanwhile, too, DR.. Adenauer
must do something about the coal
rich Saar. Control of the Saar is
considered a big obstacle to French
ratification of EDO. With his solid
Bundestag majority, Adenauer is
in position now to waive German
claims to the Saar, as the Quid to
Frances quo.
But the German Premier knows
his F'renchmen. So he has an
cor else" to go with the Quid and
the quo. The threat seems to be
this: Either France ratifieS EDO
or Germany finds some other way
to contribute to Western defense.
DR.. Adenauer wants to get into
the defense act for a good reason.
He seeks liberation of East Ger
many. But he thinks the only way
to negotiate with Russia is from
strength, and in NATO, he be-
lieves West Germany will find that
strength. .....
Evening star., 1953-09-13
Love Feast

w HEN THE RETURNS came in
w last November 3, Adlai Ste
venson addressed himself to the
difficult task of taking himself out
of the public eye. He did so,
gracefully and with good humor,
by recalling Abe Lincoln's story
about the dilemma of the boy who
had stubbed his toe in the dark:
"He was too old to cry and it
hurt too much to laugh"
In the months following the
election, Stevenson made himself
scarce, first with a longish vaca-
ton, then with a tour of the world.
This week, back in the United
States, he was ready to get back
into circulation. To help him
along, the Democrats arranged a
two-day love feast - actually a
meeting in Chicago of the Demo-
cratic National Committee.
Though there will be some alb
sent brethren (such States Right
ers as Gov. Byrnes of South Caro-
lima and Gov. ShiverS of Texas
among them) the meeting will be
an opportunity for the Democratic
Party to show that there's life in
the old jackass yet.
Purpose of the meeting, in ad-
dition to resurrecting the 1852
standard bearer, will be to map
Democratic strategy and tactics.
The strategy is simple: To wrest
control of Congress from the Re-
publicanS in 1854. The tactics
how to do this-may be a little
more difficult to arrange.
Highlights of the meeting will
be two evening affairs. Tomor-
row, the Democratic National
Committee will stage a dinner,
with Senator Guy Gillette of Iowa
as chairman and Mr.. Stevenson,
former President Truman, Senator
Paul Douglas of Illinois and for
mer Speaker Sam Rayburn of
Texas as speakers. On Tuesday,
at the Chicago Civic Opera House,
Mr.. Stevenson will give what the
Democrats call his report to the
people on his world tour"
But with recent developments
at home and abroad (see the Re-
view sections Immediately above
and below, and articles by Earl H.
Voss and Richard Fryklund on
Page A-27) the Stevenson speech
can be expected to be more than
Evening star., 1953-09-13

union responsibility for acts Of
agents"
4. Streamline NLRB procedures
to eliminate delay.
5. Broaden grounds for unions
expulsion of members in union
shops.
6. Broaden rights of unions to
act as hiring halls.
7. Change experience and union
membership provisions.
8. Ease collective bargaining cri-
terra for unions in seasonal in
duStries.
8. Allow certain types of second
ary boycotts.
10. Reduce contract termination
notice from 80 to 80 days.
II. Ban bargaining elections for
four months after a strike begins.
IL. Eliminate mid-contract elec-
tions whereby employees can with
draw representation rights from
unions.
13. Restrict reopening of con-
tracts before expiration.
IA. Eliminate duplication in in
formation filed by unions.
Is. Eliminate union officers
Communist oaths.
16. Streamline proceedings in
secondary boycott cases and ban
injunctions without hearings.
II. Delineate Federal and State
Jurisdictions over labor.
18. Eliminate the one-year
''checkoff" time limitation.
10. Eliminate mandatory partic-
ipation of employers in admins
tration of jointly financed welfare
funds.
This program appears to have
been concocted after conferences
involving Mr.. Durkin, Senator Taft
and White House off1cials-the
President apparently not among
them. AS he resigned last week,
Mr.. Durkin said he and White
House lawyers Bernard Stanley
and Gerald Morgan had come to
agreement in July on the revisions,
which were cleared with Senator
Taft. After Mr.. Taft died, the
Labor Secretary said, he got the
impression that the administra-
tion did not intend to live up to
it's agreement.
Evening star., 1953-09-13
Review Of The Week: Plumber DurE<n Quits The Team

States of Europe" This status,
once achieved, would submerge
forever the old nationalisms that
got tragically out of control in
1870, 1914 and 1899.
Frenchmen, however, are like
swimmers on this subject: They
would like to get in the pool, but
can't stand the thought of that
first cold plunge.
Red Attitude
How Is communism reacting to
the Adenauer victory? Like man
who comes home from a hard day
at the Office and takes it out on
the children. East Germany is in
for trouble.
The hope that Moscow might
accept the Vests invitation to dis
cuss Germany and Austria at Luz
gano, Switzerland, beginning Oc-
tober Is has received setback.
The Soviet press judged the
Adenauer victory as the virtual
doom of unification, since it raised
a serious threat" that the Bonn
peace contract and EDO would be
ratified in Europe.
Evening star., 1953-09-13

confidence which could be used
with telling effect in the cold war
during the months ahead.
But no matter how comforting
it was to think so, the average
German did not vote for Chancel-
lor Adenauer solely because he
liked American democracy and the
two-party system. DR.. Adenauers
popularity stemmed mainly from
his record of German prosperity.
He had a formula that got work
out of his people and money out
of America. Arbeit and Geld added
up to good times. for Fritz.
His princ1pa1 opponents, the
Social Democrats, had no answers
to the cheering facts of Spectacu-
lar industrial and agricultural re-
vival, increased employment, an
impressive housing expansion,
higher family incomes and rela-
lively steady prices. SDP, more
over, could find no areas of dis
content to exploit. Dr. Adenauer,
it seemed, was on the popular side
of all the issues.
DR.. Adenauer's Christian Demo-
crat-Free Democrat-German Par
ty coalition now controls BOT seats
in the Bundestag. His own group
has 244 - one more than half.
Thus, Adenauer conceivably could
go it alone, but is sticking with
the coalition because he will need
tWo-thirds vote in the Bundestag
to change the constitution if such
an act becomes necessary in con-
nection with ratification of the
European Defense Community
treaty.
Three days after the election,
Chancellor Adenauer moved de-
cisively to quell a palace revolt.
His hitherto faithful lieutenant,
Heinrich Won Brentano, audaciously
called a press conference to an
nounce his own promotion from
head of the Bonn delegation at
the Council of Europe to the job
of foreign minister DR.. Adenauer
himself had not given up the for
eign portfolio, so things were
little crowded.
DR.. Adenauer dispelled the crowd
with a counterstatement that the
REIMBURSEMENT of the foreign
ministry by Chancellor DR.. Ade-
nauer cannot be considered as rele-
want" after "such a clear re-
quest for the continued conduct
of foreign policy by the Chancel-
lor" as last Sundays election
provided.
Obviously, the iron -willed DR..
Adenauer, who once claimed he
was 10 per cent of the German
cabinet, intended to keep Bonn a
one-man operation.
Evening star., 1953-09-13
The Outlook

Mr.. Truman's crack, as much as
anything, probably will set the
pattern for Democratic campaign
ers in the coming months. In fact,
his Labor Day speech contained
this passage, which in all likeli-
hood will become the prevailing
theme for Democrats:
There ore plenty Of signs Of return
Of thot old philosophy thot the object
Of government is to help big business
on the theory thot, if big business is we'll
enough off, its wealth and income will
triekle down to the rest Of the populo-
tion to keep the system going.
There was thot fellow Detroiter Of
yours who eove his views on how to
run the Government when he sold, "Whot's
good for General Motors is good foE
the country"
M could go along with thot il he ia
, cluded the people who work for General
Motors and dIIs the rest Of the working
people Of the country, the formers, the
white -eoIIor workers and smoII- I-business-
men-not to mention Ford and ChysIer.
More recently another member Of the
cobinet sold, Were in the Saddle as
on administration representing business
and industry" No mention Of the form
ers or consumers or lobor-iust business
and industry.
With former President Truman
to outline the theme and former
Gov. Adlai Stevenson to develop
it (see below, the Democratic
Party and its adherents could be
expected in the coming weeks to
have a great deal of fun with the
nine millionaires and no plumber
at all.
Evening star., 1953-09-13
Promise and Performance

Though Taft-Hartley was a Re-
publican law, passed by what
Harry Truman called again last
week "that famous do-nothing
Both Congress-" not even the Re-
publicans contended it was per-
feet. In the 1852 campaign, both
parties promised to change the
Nations basic labor statute, the
Democrats by Scrapping it en-
tirely, the Republicans by amend
ing it.
The Republican platform,
adopted at Chicago July 10, 1852,
said this about Taft-Hartley:
1--WE urge the adoption of such
amendments to the Taft-Hartley
Act as time and experience show
to be desirable, and which further
protect the rights of labor, man.
agement and the public"
AFL Speech
In a speech on September II,
1852, Candidate Eisenhower told
the American Federation of Labor
that he discerned in Taft-Hartley
a potential union-busting weapon.
This, he said, would have to be
changed: america wants no law
licensing union busting. Neither
do l."
Earlier, in a message on Labor
Day eve, the COP. standard
bearer had pledged himself to con-
suit labor, not coerce it with laws.
On February 2, in his State-of-
the-Union message to Congress,
President Eisenhower said the past
"had shown the need for some cor
rective action and we should
promptly proceed to amend the
Taft-Hartley) act"
Labor waited as the first session
of the 83d Congress wore on.
House and Senate Labor Commit
tees went through the motions of
studying TIL reviSionS. Between
February and May they waded
through 3 million words of testi-
mony-and waited for guidance
from the other end of Pennsyl-
vania avenue.
l9-Point Plan
The guidance did not come
Finally, on the eve of adjourn
ment, congressional leaders got
draft of 10 proposed changes,
most of them favorable to labor.
Action was to be taken at the sec
ond session of Congress. The 10
points were:
/. Limit National Labor Rela-
tionS Board Jurisdiction over small
companies.
2. Reduce the number of super
visorS" as defined in law.
3. Ease the laws provisions on
Evening star., 1953-09-13
r1HE EISENHOWER CABINET.

TIME EISENHOWER CABINET,
l. which Washington jokesters
have characterized as mine mil
lionaireS and a plumber" was
struggling along without a plumber
this week end.
In the first detection from the
Eisenhower team" Labor Secre-
tary Martin P. Durkin resigned
from the cabinet in a polite huff
last Thursday. The issue: Revision
of the Taft-Hartley Labor Act.
The reason: Mr.. Durkin implied
strongly, but in the most genteel
of terms, that he and labor in
general had been double-croSsed.
The result: A top-drawer issue for
the Democrats to exploit.
Mr.. Durkin'S return to the presi-
dency of the United Association
of Journeymen and Apprentices of
the Plumbing and Pipe Fitting
Industry (AFL) brought into the
open what everybody had been
saying for a long time-that such
slim labor support as the Eisen-
hover administration had enjoyed
up to now was fast diminishing
to the vanishing point.
Terrible Timing
From the teams point of view,
Mr.. Durkin'S timing was terrible.
The resignation came midway be-
tween two windy fieStas: Labor
Day and the forthcoming Demo-
cratic love feast at Chicago.
Led by former President Tru-
man. last Mondays orators SlaShed
at the "big business" complexion
of the new government. Next
. Mondays politicians can be ex-
pected to make Grade A political
capital of the Durkin- Eisenhower
rift as the first guns of the 1854
election campaign are fired.
One ironic touch seemed to be
that the split might not have de-
veloped if one pivotal figure had
not died. That man was Robert
A. Taft, principal author of the
law that brought about last weeks
imbroglio in the cabinet.
Incredible
It was Bob Taft who, early this
year, termed Marty Durkin'S ap-
pointment as Labor Secretary Gin
credible."' Durkin, a professional
unionist, was a Stevenson Demo-
crat Despite Taft's opposition to
Durkin's appointment, he did not
fight Senate confirmation.
AS the new team got into play,
the Ohio Senator appointed him
self custodian of the labor status
quo, holding together with some
success those who - like Com
merce Secretary Weeks - would
have made Taft-Hartley tougher
on labor, and those who-like Dur
kin-would have tempered it.
But when Mr.. Republican died
July 81, the cord that bound the
millionaires and the plumber to-
gether was severed. It took Al days
for the cleavage to become COM
plete.
Evening star., 1953-09-13
a %

CLOWLY BUT SURELY, it
- seemed, civic Righteousness
was coming back to Washington.
The Republicans, elected on a
cleanup platform, had been in
office only 256 days and already
the going rate on influence-ped-
ding had been cut from per
cent to 4.
That was the picture revealed
last week by House Armed Serv-
ices subcommittee.
The latest case in influence SELL
ing was, with the sole exception
of the selling price, fully as repre-
henSible as the many cases un-
covered during the Truman "mess-
in-WaShington" days. An appar-
emily influential Republican was
involved: Warren L. Stephenson
of Washington, executive secretary
of the Eisenhower inaugural COM
mittee and a passenger on the Eli
senhower campaign train. Another
figure in the case was Jon Jonkel,
1850 campaign manager for Mary
land Senator John Marshall But
Ter. (Mr. Jonkel was fined $4,000
after the election for violating the
Corrupt Practices Act.)
Secret Doto Used
But the most serious aspect was
the admission by Mr.. Stephenson
that he had used secret Navy in
formation to promote his influence
deal.
Here was the story unfolded by
the subcommittee:
Mr.. Jonkel had an unSpecif1ed
business deal with Stanley L.
Bishop, man who makes a living
as tipster on Government con-
tracing. At the Jonkel office Mr..
Bishop was introduced to Mr..
Stephenson. Bishop told Stephen
son that the Navy was about to let
some contracts for rocket launch
ers. Stephenson also said that
Bishop gave him classified informa-
ton about bids on the launchers,
but Bishop denied passing on
anything that was secret.
Stephenson's Offer
Stephenson then told Century
Engineers, Inc, of Burbank, Calf,
one of the bidders, about the con-
tracts-including the classified in
formation-and offered his services
in landing a bigger share of the
business for Century. He asked a
fee of $4,000 a month or 4 per cent
of the value of any contract signed.
Stephenson Dragged of his inside
connections and his ability to in
f1uence the signing of contracts.
Century turned the information
over to the Government.
When the testimony was COM
pleted, this was the situation: JON
kel denied having anything to do
with the deal and said he knew of
many influence peddlers like Ste
phenson and Bishop but paid little
attention to them. Stephenson said
he had been "indiscreet," but put
the blame for securing the secret
information on Bishop. Bishop
said all he knew was what he over
heard in Government snack bars;
he had no classified information
to give.
Only Democratic campaigners
could take even a little comfort
from the sordid story. The Demo-
Gratis could no longer be accused of
a monopoly on influence peddling.
The Chicago Democratic rally GER
tainly would not overlook that
point.
Evening star., 1953-09-13
Vinson

VIZ HENEVER A HIGH function
w ary dies in Washington, the
Capital goes into official mourning.
Occasionally the mourning is gen.
uine and personal as well as
official.
This was the case last week as
Evening star., 1953-09-13
War in Asia

A 5 EVERY ONE KNEW when
N Operation Big Switch" be-
gan in Korea, the return of pris-
onerS of war to American control
would not resolve all doubts about
men listed during the war months
as missing in action"
Last week, with Big Switch"
completed, a cloud of mystery
Shrouded the fates of more than
1000 Americans. And the military
services as much as admitted that
the mystery surrounding some
5000 of these men would never be
solved.
In note passed to the Commu-
nists at Panmunjom by Maj. Gen.
Blackshear M. Byran, the United
Nations demanded specific infor-
mation-or else-about 3,404 allied
prisoners, including 944 Americans,
who failed to show up in big
Switch" He did not specify "or
else, what"
These apparently were men
about whom the U. N. command
had reasonably accurate informa-
tion., Their identity was estab-
liShed in a number of ways: From
reports of returned prisoners who
identified them as being alive and
in Red custody; from letters re-
ceived by relatives during the
shooting phase of the war; from
broadcasts over Radio Peiping;
from photographs taken inside
Communist prison camps.
A Grim Admission
But in demanding information
about the 944 Americans, the armed
forces tacitly acknowledged that
a far larger group was not likely to
return. Here is how the some
what confused arithmetic of Korea
appears to work out:
Missing when big Switch" beson- u .7o6
Returned in Big Switch" -..--------- 3,5U
Still misSinq ----.----- 7,l0o
Number known captured --- pa
Bolonce in unknown status ---------- o,lo5
The balance of 6,165 is not far
from an estimate made in Novem-
ber, 1851, by the Judge Advocate
in Korea, Col. James M. Hanley.
He said 6,720 Americans captured
by the Communists had been put
to death, deliberately or through
neglect, between mid-1950 and
mid-1951.
1t seemed likely last week that
the 6,165 were dead. Though in
normal times men do not "disap-
pear off the face of the earth," in
wartime they do. Final figures on
World War II list 30,314 Americans
who vanished without trace.
The immediate Red reaction to
Gen. Bryan's demand for news
about the 944 was that the list was
"a fake" The Conf munistS
countered with a demand that 27,-
900 POWS, released in June by
Korean President Syngman Rhee,
be rounded up and returned.
1t was-and the Reds knew it
utterly impossible to comply with
their demand. Whether they would
4 Continued on Page A-290 4
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1953-05-09

aren3 geines geliebten Sobnes: !:
u@er Neeiil Singer iein min, Der
nebme iein areu5 ouf iih unb foIge
Mir nnh." Das min ib iett Derin-
hen, benn ole groBte @irfiamfeit in
Ser @elt lit bas 2eioen. Muf Wieoer-
ieben BORT, mo aIle Irdtten periiegen,
nuf @ieOerieben bel iinierem bintm-
Iiihen Tnter. Waria, oie llnter Dem
&reu5e ibres 5obnes itano, itebt BEL
mir rno bilft meiiler Shnahbeit ].
Weine 2ieben aIle! Gang ipeit brei-
te id) meine Sdnoe iiber gu1 oIle nnD
ienoe glldb aus meinem prieiterliben
Imte meinen prieiterliben Segen:
ISM gtanen oes 8aters lnb bes
Sobnes uno bes 81. @eiItes. Mmen. :"
Sn oieler Stunoe ihlieBe ib guh al
Ie, uniere beilige Stride llnb inein ge-
liebtes 8aterlano, in meinen Segen
Elm, oaB 5rieoen lino Segen nnb
Slid iiberan berrihe. v8ie freute ib
mid, als man mir iagte: sssebt geben
mir in oas Saus oes Serrn!"
&nplan Serbert Sim o.
lett, bingeri6tet in Salle a. 8.
Saole am 13. gtopember 1914.