davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-08-02
Will Nerve Gas Be the No. Horror Weapon of War III?

The sight Of a victim in the
throes of a nerve-gaS attack
is terrible in the extreme. He
struggles in a vain effort to get
his breath, experiencing wheez-
ing, gaSping convulsions and
massive salivations. Nerve gas
enters the body through the
eyes. nose, mouth and pores,
seeking out the nervous system.
It does not affect the lungs or
skin, but by damaging the
nerves it renders muscles use
less and seriously affects the
brain.
Moddenine Cos
Al recent United Nations
publication labeled the dead
liest variety Tabun, "the gas
that drives men mad"
In either of it's two forms
liquid or fumes-nerve gas will
easily penetrate normal thick
nesses of clothing and cause
instant death If introduced
into the body in food or water.
A few seconds after receiv-
ing q fatal dose, the telltale
symptoms appear in the fol-
lowing order:
The pupils shrink to mere
pinpoints, the head aches and
the victim becomes sick from
Evening star., 1953-08-02
Personalities in Legislation Cause
Rows Like the FoWIer-Lowe Case

organization be left under Mr..
Lowe. He said he felt those
who had started it should finish
it. He did. however. reiterate
his position that his budget
Office should report directly to
the Commissioners. Senator
Case called Commissioner
Spencer to see how he felt
about the matter. Apparently
he got no strong reaction.
In any event, on Tuesday,
while Senator Morse was in
New Hampshire for the fu-
neral of Senator Tobey, the
conference report came out,
passed and was sent to the
White House. It recommended
that the Commissioners have
Mr.. Fowler report directly to
them.
Mr.. Morse made an indig-
nant speech on the floor of
the Senate the next day. He
now turned his fire on the
Commissioners.
If they knuckle under to the
appropriations conferees, he
indicated, they can expect
trouble from him.
Effects of Rider
To Mr.. Fowler, the recon-
mendation is just what he
wants.
To Mr.. Lowe it is a calamity
that could break the back of
reorganization-"the beginning
of the end'-if allowed to
stand. While he had nothing
to do with putting the budget
department under himself, he
believes it belongs there where
it can be integrated with other
fiscal services-assessing, tax
collection, accounting and au-
diting. If budget is to be sepa-
rate. why not others? It is
more serious than the heavy
cuts in his budget that will
force him to let go about half
his staff.
The Commissioners are sand
Wiched between powerful Sem
Evening star., 1953-08-02

American officials are certain
Russia has the production
knoW-hoW.
A German Invention
Nerve gas is a German in
vention. Swarming onto Ger
man soil in the closing days
of World War II, the Russian
Army made a beeline for
Hitler's vargas plants. All
the secrets were there, in
cluding facts about nerve gas
all Americans should know.
Nerve gas ranks with the
most horrible of weapons be-.
cause of the alarming speed
with which it downs it's victims.
the extraordinary difficulties
encountered in rescue opera
tions and its capacity for
causing panic. Because it is
invisible, tasteless and usually
odorlesS, it is difficult to dis
cover until its detection is too
late.
Death can follow contami-
nation in / to 20 minutes,
depending on the dosage. And
the gas is contagious: Contact
with a nerve gas victim can
contaminate physicians, am
balances and hospital equip
ment.
Evening star., 1953-08-02
By John M. Rosson

While the worlds greatest
fear in recent years has CEN
tered around the atomic and
hydrogen bombs, public con-
Germ for other weapons-just
as lethal in character-has all
but gone by the board.
One of these is nerve gas
by far the most potent war
chemical known to man.
Use of this deadly chemi-
cal on unsuspecting, unpre-
pared Americans-they know
little or nothing about its
no less a possibility today than
an attack on the United States
by Russia.
At a closed-door hearing
last month (the testimony was
released three weeks later)
Civil Defense Administrator
Val Peterson told the House
Appropriations Com mittee
that Russia would probably
resort to nerve gases and
other chemical agents in any
attack on this country"
Mr.. Peterson's reasoning
was based on two considera-
tions: Nerve gas is cheap COM
pared to atomic bombs, and
Evening star., 1953-08-02
The Metropolitan Scene

Historically, legislative riders
tackled to District budgets have
plagued city government.
There was the famous Red
Rider" of 1935-1937 under
which all employees Of the
school System-even the jani-
tors - were required, before
they could be paid, to sign an
AFFIDAVIT monthly that they
had not advocated commun-
ism.
There was the white ele-
phant" highway testing labor
atory in 1888. The late High
way Director H. C. Whitehurst
had set up and equipped a
laboratory to test materials
used in city highways. But
each year thereafter until
1916, principally at the instiga-
ton Of House Appropriations
Committee Chairman Cannon,
Democrat of Missouri, a rider
was attached requiring the
testing to be done by the Bu-
reau of Standards. For all
those years the District test
ing equipment went unused.
Finally permission was given to
sell it as surplus.
There was the case of the
woman employe in the Traffic
Department who enlisted a
Senator's aid to get a pay in
crease. Each year since 1914
a rider to the bill has fixed her
salary. It's still in effect and
she's still there.
Cose of the Poundmoster
There was the time when
PoundmaSter Frank Marks
and his dog catchers were sep
arated from the Health De-
partment into an independ-
ent unit. In 1887, House Ap-
preparations Subcommittee
Chairman Ross Collins of Mis-
sisSippi, decided that 5000
authorized by law, was too
much for a poundmaster and
summarily whacked it to
$4,000 by rider. It was not
Evening star., 1953-08-02

tamination only if all outside
air was prevented from enter.
ing. Gas masks would help a
little but every pore of the
body holds the door wide open
for nerve gas.
Once the subject is contami-
mated, the restoration of nor
NAL health also is extremely
difficult-moSt of the time inn
possible, depending on the
dosage. Serious damage to the
nerves and brain can rarely
be repaired.
Nerve gas cases are treated
with a common drug called
atropine, which can do much
for minor cases, but for the
more seriously affected it can
only ease the pain. 4
Widespread ignorance Of
nerve-gas characteristics and
the probable success with
which it might be used against
uninformed Americans is not
the fault of the public. They
simply have not been told.
Many high-ranking officials
are just as much in the dark.
And still there are no signs
which point to an administers
tion program designed to edu-
cate the public along these
lines.
Evening star., 1953-08-02

dizziness. The nose runs and
tightness in the chest makes
breathing extremely difficult.
The muscles twitch and the
heart beats rapidly, followed
by a sudden drop in blood pres
sure. Commissions rack the VIC
tim and he loses consciousness.
The end result is death by suf-
location. When the convulsion
stage is reached, hope for sur
vival is abandoned.
Civilian nerve gas targets,
of course, would be metropoli-
tan areas and industrial CEN
ters. Here it would achieve
added deStruction-aside from
the fact that these are always
the primary targets-since re-
stricted air circulation would
prolong the chemicals lethal
effect. The highly toxic fumes
can remain in such an area for
as long as IL hours. Food,
water and clothing will hold
them even longer.
Few Defenses
Effective defenses against
nerve gas contamination are
startlingly few. Extraordinarily
heavy clothing would help only
to- a small extent. Structural
enclosures would prevent con-
Evening star., 1953-08-02

until several years later, after
Mr.. Collins was out of Con-
gress, that the salary was re-
stored to the amount author
lied by law.
This sort of thing is bad
enough when it intervenes in
principles. It is even worse
when it is based on person
alities.
Now comes the latest District
budget with a conference re-
port interfering both in prin-
ciples and personalities. It
recommends that the District
budget Office report directly to
the Commissioners.
The effect is to remove Dis
trict Budget Officer Walter L.
Fowler from the jurisdiction
of General Administration Di-
rector Schuyler Lowe. And
thereby hangs a tale.
Evening star., 1953-08-02

ate Republicans and Senator
Morse. Politically, now, the
Oregonian's bite is q lot less
dangerous. .s
What to do? Senator Case
thinks the Commissioners will
heed the recommendation.
Maybe. It's the course of least
resistance and the practical
effects may be exaggerated by
Mr.. Lowe. Mr.. Fowler might
seek retirement if they don't.
In the best interests of the
District, however, the city
heads should try to work this
one out independently of Con-
gressional pressures. If they
agree with Mr.. Lowe that to
make the change would be the
beginning of the end, then
they should not do it. If they
can see no practical damage
resulting, then perhaps they
might go along.
Evening star., 1953-08-02
By John W. Thompson, Jr.

0y Jonn w. thompson, ".
Ever since Auditor Dan
Donovan died in 1910 and his
control of auditing and budg-
citing were split UP by the
Commissioners, Budget Officer
Fowler has been a power in
District government. It was
a good thing, too. that he was.
The Commissioners he served
were generally weak and need
ed support. In fact, Mr.. Fowl
er had and still has hopes of
someday being a Commission
er.
Then came the administra-
ton of Commissioner F. Jo-
seph Donohue and Engineer
Commissioner Bernard Robin
son. They wanted to run
things themselves. Inevitably
they crossed swords with Mr..
Fowler.
When the question of mu-
nicipal government reorgani-
zation came up, Mr.. Fowler
submitted a plan. They re-
jected it. Eventually the two
Commissioners, with public
support-beat off an attempt
of the Federal Budget Bureau
to put a council-manager re-
organization plan into effect.
They won from then President
Truman and his Democratic
controlled Congress the au-
thority to do it themselves.
Their initial draft set up
Department of General Ad-
ministration into which they
placed Mr.. Fowler and his de-
partment. The budget officer
objected. He felt he should
report directly to the Commis-
sioners. Gen. Robinson was
angry enough at one time to
contemplate firing Mr.. Fowler.
He brought in Schuyler Lowe,
whom he knew in Atlanta, to
direct the reorganizing and
head up the General Admins
tration Department.
The Inevitable CIosh
Inevitably. too, Mr.. Lowe
and Mr.. Fowler clashed. The
budget officer was unSym-
pathetic to some of the re-
organization proposals. On an
other occasion, he made a re-
port to Senator Case, chair
man of the Senate District
Committee, on financial pros
poets of the District in con-
nection with the proposed pub
lie works program. In submit
ting the report he by-passed
Mr.. Lowe and the Board of
Commissioners. Neither was
pleased.
Then came the bombshell.
The Senate subcommittee ham
ding the budget reported out
the bill with a rider trans
ferring reorganization to Mr..
Fowler and making him inde-
pendent of Mr.. Lowe.
The action caught Mr.. Lowe
and the Commissioners un-
prepared. Just who sold the
idea to Chairman Dirksen of
the Senate subcommittee Is
unclear. It was neither Mr..
Fowler nor Senator Case.
Senator Morse, Independent
of Oregon, who had accepted
service on the District Com
mittee with a crack about be-
ing denoted to an alderman,
Immediately criticised the pro-
posal on the floor as an inva-
sion of the reorganization pre-
rogative and legislation in an
appropriation bill. His point
of order was sustained, the
language dropped and the bill
sent to conference.
Mr.. Fowler then went to
Senator Case, who at one time
backed him for Commissioner,
and asked that, II the matter
came up in conference. re-
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-03-19

Park, Illinois. Before her mar
riage, his wife was Miss Alice
HiIty Of Cleveland. Ohio.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-03-19
DULLES ON RUSSIAN ENsLAvEMENTs

Secretary of State John Foster Dulles recently ex-
pressed the belief that President Dwight D. Eisenhowes
administration would take the lead in fostering "long-
ing for freedom among the captive peoples behind the
Iron Curtain In this way, Dulles asserted the enslave
ment of other peoples by Soviet leaders will be undone
We consider this approach of the more practical
ways of counterng the Soviet 1t is in the line of
and generals believe that the best de-
Tense offensive defense This apparently the new
approach
There is always the possibility that the Russians can
be kept busy holding the ensaved peoples under their
command in submission that they will have little time or
effort to spend cultvatng for ensavement AL
ready the Russians having considerable trouble in
Eastern Europe where purges consuming the lives of
numerous citizens who being accused of being either
spies or enemies of the State This strong evidence that
unrest is increasing in these satellite countries
The longing for freedom approach is very potent
weanon If the fires of individual freedom be stirred in
the hearts of the peoples under Soviet domination Prop
erv aroused against Russian desposm these people will
cause the Soviet Union trouble than several u S.
Army divisions. or fleets of aircraft
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-03-19

Childhood was not as pleasant as it seems.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-03-19
New Officers
Report To
'Copter Unit

Three new officers recently re-
ported for duty with Helicopter
Ant-Submarine Squadron One
here. They are Ii. Il. 60 Frank
E. overbey. Jr.. Ensign James
d. Hamilton. and Ensign Henry
z. Perkins. all UsNR. They had
previously been stationed at Pen
sacola. attached 10 HeIicopteF
Training Unit One at Eilyson
Field.
Overbey is graduate Of Brook.
Ign Technical High Sehool In
Brooklyn. n. r. Prior 70 bis re.
call 10 duty. he received his B.
S. degree from Lafayette College
in June 1852. He is the Son Of
Mr. and Mrs. Frank z 0vsrbey,
ST.. Of Brooklyn. His wife Is the
former Miss Catherine stephens
Of South Orange, n. J.
Before entering Naval Service.
Hamilton graduated from RCtti.
neau High School in North Da-
kesa and attended the n OAK
Schoog Of FORESTRY He entered
the service In September. fsa2
ard AS ecrnmi8sirrea Is PER-
saeola il December asser eom.
pseting plot training. he = -
sea a Mr.. ard Mrs. Jekn G.
HamIllnn II Farsc, n. OAK.
Perkins received his 3. A. d.
gree from Hiram College, Hiram,
OAss. ID June Iss9. lie eassFe1
TIE Mary IL September 1sss. aae
wzs Ire HEmEstsn esEass sisted
sr 1e<sGsxT IL Iaag ysaF stteg
rs plot traaEiae was esn
RS parents arr Mr ard Mrs
Lesser FerkEns IL Ia gsraess
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-03-19
JAPANESE GIRL Is
CHANGED TO MALE

NrGATA, Japan IA success
fnl change ot SEX ihe reverse Of
Chrxtsns Joggeuxen naRash trans.
formation vas reported Tuesday
in domestic court here.
Klyoko HsroSe. 70. asked for q
name change To re masculine H
yoxki
Sinee bsr1A Kiyoko had been fe-
gardsd a. q female. see attended
girls school and toknee the yvung
3omea'x assoSiAtiaz u Der Vi
lage
Sc sStsfe4 Ke6xyssks Hegpssal
i Ara! Pei. . fs- tires sp1Fa-
saoas and . moSth sstsr. Kiyak1.
mss prnna0meeH q nan.
TIE epsErt ekayed kisosAi.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-03-19
THE EFFECTS OF DEcoNTRoL.

The first days of business without price controls have
varied little generally speaking from the days of control
President Eisenhower removed price controls early in Feb
ruary and there differing predictions the
of the step.
There have been cases of almost immediate price
hikes Standard Oil of California announced in mid-Feb-
ruary that raising the retail cost of gasoline 81
cents gallon at Standard service stations in five Pacific
Coast states Hawaii and Alaska Standard had requested
permission to invoke such increase far back as last
August when the Office of Price Sterilization was oper
alive.
Other companies have moved to increase prices
since the death of price controls However the whole
the general price level has not begun any steep as
result of the decontro move Many prices the other
hand, have continued to go down.
While is too early to appraise the result of the de-
control it may be said at this stage that the immed
late effects have not been in either direction
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-03-19
A Letter From
BILL LANTAFT
Dear Neiehbor:

Dear Neighbor:
Your Congressman was asked
the other day his opinion on i'm
posing blockade Of Communist
China.
If a blockade Of Red China
would end the Korean War, I
would certainly enthusiastically
support such a move. But here
are some Of the problems in
volved. Very few strategic war
materials are coming into Red
China today through its seaports.
Direct Military support for the
Chinese Communists comes from
Russian factories across the
Trans Siberian Railroad.
It is estimated that the Chinese
Reds are getting about rs per
cent of their imports, including
war materials, from Soviets. The
remaining Is per cent of their
imports comes from across the
seas, but not from Russia. So,
naval blockade would not af.
feet three.fourths Of Red China's
imports. In the first six months
of 1852, Ceylon shipped IL and
one-half million dollars worth OF
rubber to Communist China. Pa.
kistan shipped 81 million dollars
worth of cotton and India sold
five million dollars worth of jute
to the Red Chinese. Other than
Russia, these countries are the
three largest exporters to Com
munist China. II the United
States, acting by itself in block
aiding China, were to cut off this
trade those three countries would
blame Us for their economic cri
sis.
AS a result of the bill, that
introduced two years ago anC
which was aimed al reducing thu
free worlds trade with Red Chi
ma, the trade passing through
Hong Kong has dropped off con
Siderably. In 1851 over $50 mil
lion dollars worth of trade wen
to Communist China through
Hong Kong. In the first 81,
months of 1852, this volume o
trade dropped to 20 million dol
lars and consisted of Shipment
from various countries, such al
sulphate Of ammonia to be uset
| for fertilizer and paper whicl
were the two largest imports.
| No blockade of Red Chinl
would be successful unless we no
only blockaded Hong Kong bu
the Russian controlled ports o
Fort Arthur and Dairen becaus,
shipments would merely be di
verted TO those ports. Fear tha
this might lead to world War
il one Of the reasons for extrem,
caution 10 approaching this pro
blem.
Most observers seem to fee
that the United States viii max
renewed effort 10 strike At thl
| Chinese Reds through embargo
and that approval Of the Unite'
Nations viii be sought before
naval blockade Is undertaken.
Sincerely yours.
| BILL LANTAFF
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-03-19
VALE De WHALES

NueStrO Vale de Whales, de
belleza unica en- ell nundo, pare
ce un rincon donde la Madre Ma
turaleza quiSo derramar suS mas
preciados dones, como un home
maize la belleza de la campina
tropical.
Es un vale immense, que CO.
mo por arte de extrana magia,
posee en- SUI fondo una agreste
serrania, con todos los matices de
inigualahle pohcromia. Tai cual
81 fuera una mullida alfondra de
verdor encantador, que es surca-
da por los hilos de plata, que
brindan las aguas de un quieto y
poetico arroyuelo, que Sc desliza
entire mogotes y arboleS, mos
trando un paisaje, que nos hace
recordar las viejas leyendas ale
manas, los entretenidos y be-
Hos cuentos de hadas que acari-
ciaron nuestros oidos, en- los dias
de nuestra ingenua ninez.
Une a la fecunda flora que lie
circunda, la cantidad de ayes de
bellos plumajes y armoniosos
trinos. Parece como 81 ell sinson-
tie cantara ALI la gratitud de Gu
ba a la Madre Naturaleza, por
haberla dotado de tantas inefa-
bles bellezas.
Hasta la brisa que toea Suave
ell rostro del visitante, parece
que viene cargada de perfume de
tomillo y mejorana. Todo en- este
vale es solernne y digno de ad-
miracion.
AL fondo, Sc levanta la Cordi-
llera de los 0rganos, con Su ma
gestad inigualable, poniendo en- ell
paisaje una nueva expression de
dignidad, que pone tambien en- ell
espiritu del viajero, una sensa-
cion de respeto, que lie hace en-
mudecer, frente a tanta maravi-
LA de la Naturaleza.
Quien haya Observable de cerca
ell Vale de Whales, jamas po-
dra borrar de su mente ell re-
cuerdo del instante en- que OBJ
servandole, por su imagination
cruzaron .pensamientos plenos de
recogimiento, que es 10 que suele
producer en- las mentes cultivadas,
la presencia de esas grandes ma
nifestacioneS naturales, que ja-
mas pueden ser initials por la
mano del hombre, por adelantado
que Sc encuentre en- Ell estudio de
las artes y los dolores.
| A dicho rincon paradisiaco sc
llega siguiendo entire lindos pima
res, que perfilan artisticamente
la carretera que conduce a Puer-
to Esperanto. Tras de mostrar
al caminante toda la belleza y
grandeza de Guaniguanico, al
acercarse a la Iona de los JAZZ
mines, sc enfrenta con la Cor
dillera de los Organos. Muy cerca,
una laguna, cuya aqua tranquila.
SENECA una sabana de plata y
que por 10 cristalina, ell viajero
Ipuede mirarse en- su superficie,
como en- brunido espejo.
Pocos lugares existen en- el
mundo, que reunan tanta belleza
ly attraction, como este Undo va.
lie, que sc encuentra enclavado
en- ell coraz6n de la Provincial de
Pinar del Rio.
En- las horas caniculares, cuan.
do sopla ell aire pleno de calor,
siempre sc percibe una hrisa
confortante. que alivia al viaierC
de aquella temperature sofocante
Y en- los dias del invierno, cuande
ell norte violentamente sacude Las
copas de los arboles y parece
que desgrefia a las atlas palmai
de la terra pinarena. ALI frente
al Vale, TODD es encantamiento /.
Sc olvida Ia glacial temperature