davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1953-08-20

farm, one at John Stephens, at
the James Wilson farm and one
at the Steve Williams farm.
There were several on the Beav-
er Creek and several on the
Gladly Creek.
Nov there is just one left, at
Sam Leach's, which will soon
be replaced by a concrete bridge.
Jim Wyscarver and l made
a trip over and around Harrietts-
vile not long ago. We noticed
several covered bridges. There
are several on the Possum road
but in pretty bad shape. They
soon will have to be replaced.
1T is like the little red school
houses. When l began teaching
school in Beaver township, we
had nine schools. Now we have
none. Then we get in out of the
rain in the covered bridges and
we could go to school with a
pair or OVerdllS ana a Snlrt on.
'Times have changed. Is il
better or worse?
Shred Bates went to school
one whole winter wearing an old
Buckley straw hat. Sundays, we
went to Sunday school in the
forenoon, swimming in the after
noon. Everybody seemed to be
happy and healthy.
Nov it seems everybody is
growing about what they have
to do and are not satisfied with
the times.
1--WE worked for so cents a day.
Now they want $1.00 an hour and
are unhappy"
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1953-08-20

ed SNUG little sum of gold by
work at marble cutting, gave this
gold to farmer for a quarter
interest in lot near Mr.. Dut-
tons well. He took hold of the
'spring-pole', helped to kick
down a hole and brought in a
'duster.'
Score: First oil we'll, Mr.. Dut-
ton and first dry hole, Peter Nc
Laren."
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1953-08-20
INTELLIGENCE
Dear Editor:


AS people realize, write publish and sell books
This varied and wide experience find people in all
of they with
put the when they
Tonight have returned from trip back the hills selling
book "Oho Builds Nation feel depressed and dis
Not did sell thing
bothrs the stupidity of many many people Their
intelligence about that of eighth grader and less
Here few of the get hant got time to
bother about readin Don't read the That
don't read nothin the funnieS
history state anyhow One Of them the
front of the book and had good big laugh said
idoc smile haint that somethn
station and dressed little above
ptful Young interested
aged in gaddng about the country the
older people tired have lost
in the
So now and again when meet with a interest
books good reading material like finding of
water hot day 1t makes you feel good
Let's have intelligence Sam
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1953-08-20

How dear to my heart are the
old covered bridges and little
red school houses! When we boys
and girls would be out and get
caught in the rain, we could
run to the bridge. There, we
could enjoy ourselves while it
rained.
when l was a boy, quite a
lot of covered bridges were on
Willscreek: at Calais, at Guiler's,
at Sam Leach's, at McVicker's,
three on the Old Tim Bates
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1953-08-20
G. p. Moore. Willscreek Writer.
Bemoans Passing Of Covered Bridge

c. p Moore, writer for this from the Wills
creek Community township storekeeper and
former teacher mourning the passing of the od covered
bridges Noble has the following to
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1953-08-20
Macksburg's First Oil Well Is
Part OF International Exposition

Ohio and the southern tip Noble honored
at the international exposition held in Tulsa Okla, along with
Missouri New York Tennessee and the middle countries
The Tulsa metropolitan had the following
cerning the first producing oil well in Ohio
Evening star., 1953-06-14
BruziI Imports MACHINERY

Brazil has issued licenses for
the import of $40 million worth
OF machinery from Western Ger
many
Evening star., 1953-06-14
New Substance 10 Make
Concrete Last Is Reported
BY the Assoeiated Press

ATLANTA, June 13.-Georgia
Tech has developed a new sub
stance that will make concrete
last indefinitely, an engineer at
the school announced today.
DR.. Herschel Cudd, director of
Techs engineering experiment
station, says the new product
liquid synthetic rubber and a
dry cement base-may revolu-
tionize the construction industry.
Dr.. Cudd said the substance,
Surco, was developed by Ray
mond Tooke, jr., Georgia Tech
graduate engineer, who was COM
missioned by an Atlanta engi-
neer to find a material for
surfacing concrete which would
stand up better under wear and
water than ordinary concrete.
The material adheres to steel,
glass. wood. stone or concrete
''as firmly as if they were made
together" DR.. Cudd reported. He
claims it will stand up under
heavy vibration or impact, take
colors and polishing for orna-
mental floors or walls, and pre-
serve the structural steel that
holds concrete up. He said more
than 500 laboratory experiments
were recorded in developing the
substance. S.. .s.
Evening star., 1953-06-14
IS Area Men Returned
From Korea in Week

Thirteen District area Army
personnel arrived at San Fran
cisco this week after tours OF
duty in Korea.
The Army listed them as:
Corpl. Robert L. Alexander, 715
First street NV; Pfc. James
Ball. jr., $50 Forty fifth street
N e; Corpl. Joseph A. Cant, 12l
v street NV; Sergt. James C
Hayes, 5720 Allentown road Sc;
Corpl. Arthur j. Holt. 319 Fifth
street Sc: Corpl. Harold G. Mil
Ter. 1893 Congress street Sc,
Sergt. Clarence S. Walton, 1872
Ninth street NV, and Corpl
Bennie H. Washington. 624 Sec
ond street S.W.
Also. from Maryland: Pvt. Ear
B. Brooks, 4618 Annapolis road
Bladensburg; Sergt. George F
Martin. l6 Black Hawk drive
Forrest Heights: Corpl. Raymond
L. Miller. 1920 Tilden road, Bla.
denSburg. and Sergt. Elmer F.
Powell, 5611 Thirty-f1fth avenue
HyattSville.
Also. from Virginia: 1t. Jack
L. Wellener. 5000 North George
Mason drive. Arlington.
Evening star., 1953-06-14
Authority 10 Operate
New York Transit
BY the Assoeiossd Pres.

NEW YORK. June l3.-The
city-operated transit system
largest in any municipality in
the world-will be taken over
Monday on a l0-year lease by
the New York City Transit Au-
thority
The authority, with power to
raise the present 10-cent fare,
was established by the State, leg
islature in a move to make the
system self-supporting. 1t has
been operating at a deficit.
Gen. Hugh j. Casey, authority
chairman. said in a statement
issued today that the authority
hoped to attain "the most eff
cient and economical operation
possible in order to keep fares to
the minimum required to cover
operating costs"
Studies already are under way
into methods to effect economies,
he said.
In describing the subway, troll
Evening star., 1953-06-14
Truce
Continued From First Page)

would support an attempt. to
fight on alone.
Mr.. Rhee's demands for an
immediate defense agreement
with the United States has
strengthened the belief that he
Is bargaining for favorable post
truce concessions to his coun-
try. Yesterday. in reply to ques-
tions from q Norwegian news
man. Mr.. Rhee expressed. his
need for something concrete to
show the people that our security
has been guaranteed and that
"a defense pact) would help"
Asked If he saw any possible
hope Of unifying Korea by po-
litlcal conferences after an arm
istice, Mr.. Rhee replied:
If any nation has ever sue
ceeded in settling anything at a
political conference with the
Soviets. I would like to know"
Bid for Public Sympathy.
Talk Of a defense pact before
the signing of a truce is not
being taken too seriously here.
President Eisenhower has assured
the Korean president that such
an agreement would get early
consideration after the signing
OF a truce. Mr.. Rhee's latest
statement is not regarded as a
real demand that defense pact
be pulled out of the hat within
the next day or SO. Rather, it is
viewed as an attempt to rouse a
sympathetic public reaction here.
In this connection, the Korean
Affairs Institute here yesterday
released a cable from it's presi-
dent. Yongjeung Kim to Mr..
Rhee criticising the presidents S
resistance to a Korean truce.
THE American people, Mr..
Kim warned, "are not so naive
as to believe that the anti-truce
demonstrations are spontaneous.
On the contrary, despite your
warnings against violence, they
may be construed in the United
States as anti-American demon
strations. I fear that melting
emotion and using mob psychol-
ogy on innocent young people
might result in creating ill-will
between the Korean and Ameri-
can peoples. I think you are
losing many friends here and de-
feating your ultimate purpose. !"
Mr.. Kim called on the Korean
president to support the United
States and the United Nations
in bringing about a truce as a
first step toward a solution of
our problem. n5
Swiss and India Accept.
Clearing the way for final sign
ing of the truce document were
the formal acceptances received
yesterday from Switzerland and
India that they will serve on
repatriation commission for pris-
oners of war. Both countries
had earlier expressed doubts
that they could serve in view of
ROK opposition to thc agree
ment.
The Indian decision, relayed
to the State Department by Ba-
Evening star., 1953-06-14
Taft Undergoes Tests
In New York HOSPITAL
Ry the As,ocioted Pies,

NEW YORK. June 13.--Sena-
tor Taft. Republican. of Ohio
underwent tests at New York
Hospital today as a preliminary
to treatment for the hip ailment
which forced him to give up the
active Senate majority leader
ship.
The tests were begun earlier
this week when he spent four
days in the same hospital. He was
re-admitted last night for COM
pletion of the tests and the start
of treatment.
The 63-year-old Ohioan re-
linquished his post as floor leader
to Senator Knowland. Renuhli-
can. of California after return
ing from his first stay in the hos
pital Wednesday. -.
Senator Taft said then that the
ailment. described as a bone le-
sion, was serious. ...
A hospital spokesman de-
scribed the Senator's condition
today as fairly comfortable"
Evening star., 1953-06-14
By Robert Eunson
Associoiad Press Stoff Writep


TOKYO, Sunday, June A.
United Nations forces will have
to give up valuable, hard-won
ground when they haul their
cooling weapons back slightly
more than a mile along the
blood-soaked Korean front after
the signing of truce.
However, competent military
observers believed that from a
stategy standpoint the Reds will
be in just as vulnerable positions
as the ground troops of Gen.
Mark w. Clark when the two
sides dig in,
Each side will have to pull
back two kilometers-about a
mile and a quarter-within 72
hours after the Korean armis-
tice is signed.
Luke the Cooks Castle and
Sandbag Castle are eastern front
strongholdS which probably will
fade into the aWesome stiffness
of no mans land when the
shooting stops. - $50 s.
In the central front area, the
allies seem bound to lose Sniper
Ridge and Rocky Point. A few
hundred yards to the west, the
U. N. command also will lose
Jane Russell Hill, an approach
to Triangle Hill, which the Chi
nese have regained. The capture
of Sniper Ridge and temporary
seizure of Triangle cost the
Americans and South Koreans
close to 10000 casualties last
october and November in the
biggest battle of 1852.
Reds Spared Air Attacks.
The Reds greatest gains will
not be on the ground but in their
assured relief from air and naval
attack.
Grounding the fighter-bomb-
ers of the 5th Air Force, and the
SuperfortreSSeS of the Far East
Air Forces would allow the Reds
to rebuild their airfields and
supply their troops, without in
reference.
One of the major U. N. c. con-
cessions was allowing the Reds
to rebuild their bomb-pocked
airf1eldS.
They haven't had more than
two serviceable fields at one
time in North Korea for the
past two years. Once an armis-
tice is signed, the Reds will be
able to rebuild airfields 18 miles
from Seoul. If they want to, and
have bombers within easy range
OF Kimpo, Suwon and Chunchon,
major Allied bases.
The U. N. c. also will have to
call off its naval siege of Won
san now in its third year, and
withdraw radar- sounding posts
from the islands off the Korean
coast. These hravely-manned
little stations have brought the
warning of MICS approaching
MIG Alley and sent many a
Sabre pilot winging out to the
kill.
Kumwha, with its important
five road junction, is so close
Evening star., 1953-06-14

hadur Singh. charge d'affaires at
the Indian Embassy. included ac-
ceptance Of 1.-The entire prisoner
of war agreement of June g."
which gives India the key role OF
guarding Communist war prison.
ers until they are released or re-
turned to their own countries.
The Swiss acceptance reversing
an earlier decision of the Swiss
cabinet is looked on as a feather
in the diplomatic cap of Secre-
tary Of State Dulles. Mr.. Dulles
decided that the original refusal
was based on a misconception OF
the Korean military setup and
he took the initiative in setting
them straight on the, facts.
Since Sweden had accepted
earlier, only two members of the
Ave-nation neutral commission
are still to be heard from. Both
Poland and CzechoSlovakia have
agreed informally to serve, but
their formal notification has not
yet reached the State Depart
ment.
Evening star., 1953-06-14
Truce WIFCost u. N. Ground
Won at High Cost in Blood

! to where the pull-back line will
be stabilized. it's hard to say
whether the Allies will save il
or lose it. Loss of Kumwha would
! be a serious hardship since il
would cut an important east
west road paralleling the front
line. It may be saved by a few
hundred yards.
It seems fairly certain the
Chinese will save their terrible
fortress of "Papa-san," over
looking Kumwha and dominating
the whole central front. 1t lies
four miles north of Kumwha.
But the U. N. c. will save a
mountain to the south which is
200 feet higher than the $500
foot Papa-san.
On the western front the
famed hills of Old Baldy, Reno,
Vegas. Elko and Carson recently
have been won by the Chinese.
This brought the line of contact
to within only a few hundred
yards of the Allied frontline po-
Sitions.
A two kilometer withdrawal
here would mean not only losing
old front line bunkers. but pull
ing back considerably more than
two kiloraeters before defendable
positions are reached.
No Key to Invasion Routes.
Although this will bring the
Chinese just that much closer
(the exact distance is a security
matter) to Seoul, it doesn't mean
the Reds control the historic in
vaSion route any more than the
Allies control the invasion route
to Pyongyang.
The plains country in the west
Is suitable to tank warfare, as
the United States 1st Cavalry
Division proved in 1851. It also
is open enough country for pilots
to strafe in without too much
fear of crashing into mountains
The last time the Reds tried
to take Seoul. the United States
9th Army, then commanded by
Gen. James A. Van Fleet. merely
rolled back with the punch for
about a week. then turned like
a tiger and clawed the Red Jug
gernaught to pieces on the plains
north of Uijongbu.
Because of the recent shifts
in the point of contact on the
western front. it is believed this
sector is causing the demarca-
ton line craftsmen the most
trouble right now.
There are fewer defendable
positions in the west. Both sides
are arguing for every possible
hill that might be worth stick
ing a gun on.
Settling the dispute over pos
session of KumWha also is prob
ably causing deep concern or
both sides.
| The original demarcation line
was established in November
1851. Both sides agreed, after
considerable debate, that thi:
should be the area between th'
two frontlines. AS a rule O.
thumb it was decided the lint
of demarcation would be wher'
Evening star., 1953-06-14
| Allies Battle Enemy
| Hand 10 Hand After
Heavy Red SheIIfire
BY the Assoeioted Press

SEOUL. Sunday, June IA
Americans and South Koreans
grappled Communist troops in
bloody hand-to-hand combat to-
day after Red guns unloaded
their heaviest bombardment Of
the Korean war.
Communist forces in four days
Of heavy pre-armistice assaults
have swept South Korean de-
tenders of Capitol Hill, east
central front bastion, and have
smashed at least four holes in
the main allied line.
Stubborn allied defenders
weathered heavy Red shellfire
and strong Chinese assaults at
most points along the flaming
central front where the biggest
Communist blows fell.
At some points, South Korean
troops mounted counterattacks
In the predawn darkness aimed
at recovering lost ground.
The 9th Army said the Reds
in the a. hours ended at 6p.m.
last night fired 1856 artillery
shells along the front. That top
ped their previous high of 1O7,-
600 rounds in the bitter western
front fighting Of last May.
At sea. the battleship New
Jersey turned her 16-inch guns
in the Anchor Hill section of the
extreme eastern front near the
Sea Of Japan.
Nineteen B-29 Superforts rode
through intense anti-aircraft
fire. searchlight nets and circ-
ling Red fighters last night and
bombed the Sinanju and Kunu
airfields in northwestern Korea.
B-26 light bombers and F-84
Thunderjets destroyed 40 trucks
north Of Pyongyang last night,
the 5th Air Force said.
Communist planes raided Seoul
last night for the second time
in the week but dropped no
bombs. U. S. Sabre Jets destroy
ed two MICS in Northwestern
Korea.
Evening star., 1953-06-14
Illinois, Governor Signs
Anti Divorce Measure
By ihs ,Asseeisted Prsss N. !.

SPRINGFIELD. III, June 49,
Gov. William g. Strattcn an
nounced today he has signed a
bill aimed at cutting down the
divorce rate In Illinois by provid-
ing for a 60-day cooling of
period.
The plan was authored by
Circuit Judge Julius Miner Of
Chicago.
The law requires that divorce
petitioners wait two months be-
fore they file contemplated suits
for divorce, separate MAIN
tenance or annulmsnt. They first
must file q statement of intent.
During the waiting period,
judges could use their discretion
Ia calling for private conferences
in an effort to compose differ
enceS and preserve the home.
Evening star., 1953-06-14

ley and bus network as tho
largest in any city, Gen. Casey
said:
Some two billion passengers
are carried annually, or four
times the total carried on all
Glass I railroads in the United
States. Almost 1000 passenger
cars. 300 trolley cars and over
1000 buses are operated and
maintained on this system"
1t has TOO miles of subway
lines and 600 miles Of surface
lines. and $4,000 employees.
Evening star., 1953-06-14
j. ). Soldiers Fire
Over Heads Of Korea
Demonstrators
BY the Assoeioisd Press

OGOOA, OUIIQdy1 JuLlS II. -
Street demonstrations in Korea,
raging through the fifth day in
mounting opposition to truce.
reached the point yesterday
where United States soldiers
fired carbines over the heads Of
stone throwing youths.
More than 10000 demonstrated
in Seoul Another 10000 demon
strated in Pusan.
Until yesterday. only fire hoses
had been used to discourage
crowds from approaching too
close to military equipment.
The latest incident occurred
In Pusan, southeastern port.
There a crowd of 200 youths,
II to 10 years of age. stoned an
American truck hauling another
vehicle.
The United States soldiers on
the truck fired 10 to IS shots
from carbines over the heads
Of the youths. This show of
force cleared a path for the
vehicles and the soldiers drove
away Later the soldiers were
questioned by military police.
Tried to Board Truck.
A military spokesman said the
soldiers fired only after the
Korean youths tried to board the
truck.
President Syngman Rhee, while
showing few signs of relenting
In his adamant stand against any
truce which would leave Korea
divided, sought to counsel his
supporters against violence.
He told war veterans demon
strating in Seoul:
II request that our people be
extremely careful in launching
popular campaigns so that no in
justices might be caused our
allies"
He urged the veterans to return
home and leave all to the gov
ernment."
Disabled veterans, including
some amputees. were among the
more than 10000 who marched
in Seoul yesterday. The veterans
carried banners reading I'VE
Will March North Until Our Re-
manning Arms and Legs Are Cut"
Fist Fight Break Out.
nake-dancing demonstrators
held up clenched fists. There
were first fights between the\vet-
erans and Korean national police
when the demonstrators ap-
preached barbed wire baYricades
protecting billets in Seoul where
United Nations war correspon-
dents are housed.
So fer the obviously govern
ment inspired demonstrations
have been more anti-truce than
anti-Amerlcan or anti-Aliled.
United States military police have
held to a policy of Hands Off,"
leaving it up to Korean national
and metropolitan police to keep
order.
But there we're unconfirmed re-
ports that Gen. Mark Clark, U. N.
commander in the Far East, had
received orders from Washington
to take all necessary measures to
maintain order and prevent any
violation of a truce once it is
signed.
Evening star., 1953-06-14

patrols met in no mans land.
At the time the front lines
were some distance apart, so the
two kilometer withdrawal wasn't
much to consider.
Now, however, both sides
stand to lose key ground, espe-
cially in the west.
The daily record., 1953-05-28
Brother Of Roork
Killed In Texas

Capt. Robert RoarK, who resides
in the Hilltop Apartm ents in Lii
lington, has been called to his
home near Flint, Kentucky by the
death of his younger brother, First
Lieutenant William Roark, 26.
Lieutenant Roark was killed in
plane crash on Monday around z
p. m. at Perrin Air Force base, Tex
as. Details, of the accident are
lacking, but in conversation with
the base Army Chaplain, Captain
Roark was informed his brothers
plane was on a routine flight when
it crashed.
At the time of the accident,
Lieutenant Roark lacked only two
weeks of completing a special three
months training period at the Tex
as base. A jet pilot, he had been
stationed in Washington, D. C. and
was scheduled to return there.
Funeral services will be con-
Quoted from the home near Flint.
Surviving are his wife who resides
in Michigan; his father, Wesley
Roark, of the home, one sister and
three brothers, Burnice, Kenneth
and Captain Roark.
CAPTAIN and Mrs. Rcark and
baby left Ellington on Tuesday for
Kentucky and will remain two
weeks with their father.
The daily record., 1953-05-28

ternoon from 300 o'clock to 500
and in the evening from 500 o.
clock to 1000 o'clock. No formal
invitations will be sent out and the
gathering CT relatives and acquain-
tances during the afternoon and
evening will be on the most infor-
NAL scale.
Mr.. burlington, now in his
eighties, and Mrs. burlington, who
is 70, live quietly in Benson with
their two daughters, Misses Meta
and Elsie. Mr.. burlington former
ly in the furniture and hardware
business, retired from the business
field a few years ago. Mrs. Tlrl-
ington, a great lover of flowers
and needlework, retains her in
terest in these two fields on a le-
duced scale. Both are as alert men
tally as young persons, out their
physical activities are somewhat
slowed down.
Mr.. burlington and his bride OF
sixty years ago, the former Miss
Nealie Dale Penny, daughter of
Ille ldIG MI. dIlu NlS. II. II. CllAly
of upper Johnston County, were
married at the home Of the brides
parents, on Sunday, June 4, 1893
with the late Elder j. Tom Coats,
founder of the town of Coats, hear
ing the VOWS. Following the cere-
mony the bridal party attended
services at the Fellowship Primi-
tive Baptist Church nearby where
several front pews had been re-
served for them. The only living
attendants (then called waiters) at
the Turlington-Penny wedding are
Mr.. and Mrs. Shepherd Penny of
near Benson. Mr.. Penny is a bro
ther of Mrs. burlington and Mrs.
Penny is the former Miss Liffie
Creech, their marriage having oc-
Cured some two or three years
following that of the Turlingtons.
Needless to say Mr.. and Mrs.
burlington are looking forward
with much pleasure to greeting
their friends on the day planned
for their anniversary party.
All persons whom they know,
young and old, in all walks of life,
are cordially invited to come by
and give this genial couple the
pleasure of seeing them and re-
newing, if only for brief time,
| their mutual friendship.