davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-05-10

French and the Associated States
OF Indo- China. AS Wet Mini troops
stood poised to strike early last
week, Cambodia announced its
price for taking up arms against
the Communists if invaded: Com
plete independence from France.
Whatever Frances reasons for
viewing the Laos invasion as
purely internal matter, she was
able to breathe a sigh of relief at
the end of the week. The monsoon
rains, due May Is, were already be-
ginning to fall. French military
experts told correspondents con-
f1dently that the weather had
taken over mastery of the situation
until mid-July. Gen. Omar Bradley
echoed this evaluation In testi-
n0ny Thursday on Capitol Hill.
Evening star., 1953-05-10
Korea

A TURN CAME in the stalemated
IA Korean truce negotiations
last week, but the Eisenhower
administration was not so sure the
turn was for the better.
The two sides had come to an
impasse over these points:
l. The Communists insisted that
prisoners not volunteering to be
repatriated be shipped bodily to a
neutral nation where they could
be questioned" by their home
governments. The Reds refused
to nominate a neutral"
2. The United Nations negotia-
tors insisted that the reluctant
prisoners be given into custody
of a neutral but left in Korea.
The U. N. offered Pakistan as a
neutral.
After almost a week of stale
mate, the Reds made another pro-
posal: Let the prisoners stay in
Korea; turn them over to q COM
mission made up of representatives
of Poland, Czechoslovakia, Switzer-
land, Sweden and India, whose
troops would keep order; leave
final disposition Of reluctant priS-
oners up to a Far East political
conference.
Flaws in the Plan
The new plan seemed to have
several flaws. Poland and Czech
oslovakia could hardly be consid-
cred neutrals. What would hap
pen If satellite troops were allowed
to supervise some Of the prisoners?
Would they still be given q free
choice?
And what would happen to the
unrepatriated prisoners II the po-
ntical conference could not agree?
On past performance, there was
serious doubt that all nations con-
cerned with q final Far East set
tlement could agree on such vital
matter.
Defense and State Department
heads met with President Eisen-
hover last week to discuss the
Communist offer. They asked
themselves: Could it be amended
or interpreted" to cover their OBJ
jections? For instance, could India,
AZ the Swing" nation on the pro-
posed commission, be given the
authority to protect the rights Of
the prisoners? And could q time
limit b set on the whole process,
Evening star., 1953-05-10

the men still remaining to be given
into the care Of the United Ma
tions?
At Saturdays truce talks the
United Nations Command asked
large number Of questions to clear
up some of this vagueness in the
Communist offer. The Reds asked
for a recess until today.
Later yesterday, Secretary of.
State Dulles told a press conference
that the Communists plan would
have to be modified. He said he
thought that the United States
allies in Korea agreed that clari-
f1cation, and perhaps modification,
was necessary before the proposal
could be accepted.
Evening star., 1953-05-10
Brief Invasion

Here is the story of the Wet
Minis 28-day flash invasion:
On April IL some four divisions
OF Wet Mini troops began their
trip into Laos from Northern Wet
Nam. They moved along two
mountain routes toward Luang
Prabang, the royal capital, and
the Plaine des Jarres, where the
French Union forces at first hoped
to engage them. Later a third
spearhead moved out of the vicin-
ity of Vinh, in Red-held Central
Wet Nam, took Thathom, and
headed for Paksane on the Thai
land border.
The big battles were expected
last week end. The French ap-
pealed for American aid, and got
some in the form of huge Clio
Flying Boxcars, rushed in from
Japan to help ferry troops and
equipment. Thailand (Siam) took
one look at the column which was
charging toward Paksane and
Laos administrative capital OF
,Vientiane and asked the United
States for more equipment, which
was promptly dispatched. The
Siamese also began evacuating Wet
Namese from their Laos and Cam
bodia border regions because many
of the people were believed to be
Wet Mini SympathizerS.
But the weekend battles did not
materialize. French Union forces
dug in and waited for the Reds.
French planes sought out some of
the invaders for straf1ng and
bombing runs, and there were a
few sharp clashes or 10 miles out
Of Luang Prabang. But these were
only minor skirmiShes. It was eSti-
mated that fewer than 100 men
died in these short battles.
Wednesday night the French re-
ported that the Wet Mini invaders
had started to retire. The with
drawal continued the rest of the
week. On Friday the French an
nounced they were sending q new
commander for the Indo- China
operation.
Worry Here
The alarm already had spread to
Capitol Hill and the State Depart
ment. Secretary Of State Dulles
disclosed that the administration
was worried about the tnvasion
and ito apparent threat to the
whole free world position In South
east Asia. He added that talks
were being held with France, Laos,
Cambodia, Wet Nam and Thailand
about bringing the matter before
the United Nations. France was
opposed to the idea. She said this
would merely give Moscow a chance
to veto any U. N. action there.
Others speculated that 1t would
also give Arab nations an oppor-
tunity to chide the French about
colonial policies In Africa % well.
There was, indeed, new evidence
that all was not well between the
Evening star., 1953-05-10

the Communists ever did move in
force toward the Gulf of Siam.
A lot of people were set to WON
dering how the people OF Thailand,
that gay, mad, wonderful oasis in
the Far Eastern desert of misery,
could be helped to fend off a Com
munist threat. All the people who
have visited and read about Siam
were asking themselves this ques-
ton:
If the Reds do choose to involve
Thailand, what can the free world
expect from the Siamese them
selves?
Evening star., 1953-05-10
Possible Reasons

Newsmen and various spokeS-
men for free world governments
meanwhile poStulated an assort-
ment of reasons for the strange
Wet Mini maneuver. Some saw
political motivations, others mill
tary ones. Here are four popular
theories on the political reasons for
the episode:
Moscow called off the Wet Mini
drive because it was fouling up
the Kremlin peace offensive.
. Peiping called it off because it
was disrupting the Korean truce
talks.
. This campaign was merely the
first phase in international COM
munism's drive to take over
Southeast Asia. The objective was
to set up a Free Thai" movement
on Laos soil. This has been done
at Samneua, in Northern Laos.
The Reds are now expected to
expand on this Free Thai" base.
They presumably intend to include
Thailand, the leading Thai-speak-
ing country, in the new Red state
eventually.
Q The Wet Mini are just trying
to keep Southeast Asia in a tur-
moil, thus preventing the free
world from consolidating its posi-
ton there.
MiIitory CouSes
Four other theories attribute the
reversal to military considerations:
. Monsoons caused the Wet Mini
to pull back. (This leaves unex-
planned why the drive was ever
started.)
. Supply lines were overextended.
(This also implies poor planning,
and overlooks the Wet Mini habit
of living of the land and fighting
with little heavy equipment.)
Q The Wet Mimi actually at
tanned their three objectives: To
seize Laos rice stores and opium;
to plant a Communist under
ground; to divert French Union
troops (18 battalions Of them were
sent to Laos) from the Tonkin area
Of Wet Nam.
. Increased United States aid IN
timidated the Laos invaders.
AL these theories were admit
edly speculative, Of course.
Whittier the Dove?
From the free world standpoint
the most important result Of the
Laos episode has been to give the
lie to Moscow's peace offensive.
The comparatively small Wet Mimi
attack was widely advertised as q
sample Of the new Kremlin admin
istration, under Premier Georgi
Malenkov, talking out of both
sides Of its mouth at once.
There was another salubrious
effect. The United States and It's
allies were forced TO think seri-
ously about what they would do II
Evening star., 1953-05-10
Logical Target

On the one hand, Thailand's 18
million citizens are a gentle, zany,
fun-loving lot who often have been
accused Of being childlike. In
manyARttefs important to the
West they don't care whether
school keeps or not, and pride
themselves on this attitude.
On the other hand, Thailand is
the only country in Southeast Asia
that has never been subjected to
European colonization. In the 10Th
century, when the British and
French were feeling their imperial
istic oats, Siam played the two
against each other with such
f1nesse that she never lost her in
dependence. The Siamese lost q
little territory in the deal, but did
not worry too much about that.
In World War II, they resisted
Japan for exactly five hours, and
then joined the fray as co-bellig-
erents on both sides. It couldn't
happen anywhere but Siam.
Now, In the 2Oth century, after
the Japanese interlude, Thai SOL
diers are giving a heroic account
Of themselves in Korea. Thailand
was the first country to join the
United States in sending troops and
naval units there. In proportion
to their strength, the Thai forces
have lost as many men as the
United States.
AS one American official here
puts it, the Thai have proved that
they can fight and that they can
die for q cause.
Lucky and Wise
Looking at Thailand in the con-
text Of her neighborhood in South
east Asia, there is no escaping the
conclusion that she has been both
lucky and wise. It took brains
as well as good fortune to carry
the country to its present happy,
solvent state. There Is no hunger
in Siam. There are food surpluses,
in fact, and exports Of tin and
teakwood, as well.
Siam is, for Asia, q sparsely set
tied country, somewhat smaller
than Texas. A high death rate
keeps the population down, and
gives Siamese frequent opportuni-
ties for funerals, which are consid-
cred gala occasions.
The average Siamese dies at the
age Of 50, . fact which Il far more
shocking to Western do-gooders
than to the siamese themselves.
American technical experts are
now trying to cut the infant NOR
tanty rates.
Their lessons may stick-if the
Siamese see any advantage in
them. Like the Japanese, the Thai
long have been ready to adopt
western culture-at least that part
which is technologically advanta-
geous to Siam. AS q result, the
country is quite advanced in COM
parison with other Southeast Asia
nations.
About q thousand years ago
Thailand instituted its own land
reform. Every man got enough
land to support bis family. Today.
Evening star., 1953-05-10

Rounding of effects this to,ol.
In addition to the reduction in
total spending, the Eisenhower
program is notably different In
that it shifts emphasis from Europe
to Asia. Western Europe receives
73 per cent of the current foreign
aid spending. It would get only So
per cent next year. The. change
reflects the view of the Republic
cans, whose platform criticized the
Truman administration for ignor-
ing the vital Far East.
Evening star., 1953-05-10

The administration did not re-
lease all details of the Defense
budget, but 1t was obvious that the
Air Force would have to abandon
or postpone its goal Of 143 wings.
Unofhcial Defense Department ex-
PLANTATION was that the Eisenhower
budget would buy a smaller but
more up-to-date Air Force. The
net result would be a stronger air
arm, the administration believes.
The Army would get an increase
in appropriations in order to put
the Korean war on q cash basis.
Funds for the long-range Army
buildup would be cut back, as
would be funds for the Navy. It
was estimated that the overall
strength Of the armed services
would be cut by about 200, 900 men.
The Eisenhower budget marked
the frst time since fiscal 1851 that
Army requests exceeded those for
the Air Force.
Reaction to the budget on Capt.
tol Hill was divided. Economy ad-
vocates said the budget could be
cut further. Senator Byrd asserted
that enough new cuts can be made
to balance the budget, a hope the
administration has ofncially aban-
doned. Former Truman supporters
said the Nations strength would
be weakened by the Eisenhower
cuts.
A total Of $5.8 billion was re-
quested for foreign aid. The money
broke down like this (the details
could not be compared with the
Evening star., 1953-05-10

mOSG 4Hdl farmers SLlll own Lnelr
own land, and grow enough rice to
be an exporting nation.
The typical siamese village is
placid cluster of thatched huts on
stilts. Each family has its own
hut, with the family water buffalo
garaged below. The diet Is rice
and fish, both Of which come out
Of the rice paddy. No one goes
hungry, though practically endemic
yaws, elephantiasis and syphilis
may occasionally cause loss of
appetite.
Nationalism, which burns with
white flame in more recently in
dependent areas of Asia, smolders
almost forgotten in perennially in
dependent Siam. AS far as politics
Is concerned, the common people
couldn't care less. So national
issues are usually settled by coups
d'etat, which are almost invariably
carried out with politenesS and
good humor. Occasionally COM
pletely successful coup will result
in no discernible change in the
government.
The popular attitude toward
coups can be evaluated from public
reaction to the last one, in Deem
ber, 1851. The Bangkok radio
broadcast a play-by play account,
and the people bet on the out
come. When it was over, the losers
paid off their bets and everybody
went home.
Cleries and Dope PeddIers
Both the government and the
people are bewilderingly, some
times exasperatingly tolerant.
Missionaries of off-brand religions,
opium smugglers, Malayan Com
munist terrorists, Wet Mimi Reds,
all find sanctuary in Thailand.
The Thai are tolerant of almost
all things except the Chinese. One
sixth of the population is Chinese,
and most big business is in Chinese
hands. Thailand recognizes neither
the Red nor the Formosa govern
ments, but deals informally with
Formosa.
Another object of Siamese Sus-
picion is colony of 10000 to 1OO,-
900 Indo-C Chinese in the area bor-
dering Laos. Considering many
OF these refugees to be Red SYM
pathizers, Thai forces rounded up
the menfolk of military age and
sent them inland for safekeeping.
Most world travellers know
Thailand from its fantastic capt.
tai, Bangkok, "the Paris of the
East"
This Is the city where the i'm
posing, modern post Office has
eight drop slots for city mail, air
mail, up-country mail, up-country
airmail, Europe, Asia, North
America and Africa. Each evening
at 5 o'clock a little old man with
a cart comes by and empties all
the boxes into one big pile.
This is the city, too, which har-
bors . government which, when
New Zealand declared war In 1o41,
sent the declaration back with q
note saying it was unacceptable be-
cause the country's name was
spelled wrong. (This Is the reason
Siam never had to sign . peace
treaty with New Zealand; the
countries had never legally been
at war;
This is the city, to 60 on, where
people 60 each morning to the
thieves market" to buy back
what was stolen the night before.
There are two prices on q pair of
pants. Two dollars for the pants
alone or So for the pants and what
was in the pockets. The thieves
are extremely honest about re-
turning the contents intact.
In 1882, Thailand's absolute
Evening star., 1953-04-08
Deaths Reported

From D. C. Bureau Of vital Statistic.
Julia e. Lee, "a. 1918 Wisconsin ave
AlonEo c. Cox, 80. Soldiers Home.
Walter L. Kline, ST.. 81. Chevy Chase
Margaret McNamara. 70, 1241 Dslafslt
Julia T. Jones. ,7s. 1880 R street NV.
Daisy v. Boss. 20, 4SO5 South Dakots
Benjamin +. Carpenter. 81. 1s4s Ontario
Thomaa on a'T7 ". orm., %, Fairfax, Va.
r. Lester Rose. bb. 1000 Cathedral ave
Harry Hess. 55. Beltsville. Nd.
George Z. Morse, "a, Chevy Chase, Nd
Ethel 3. Sibley, 81, 2712 Ontario I'd. NV
Elizabeth g. Roberts. 81, 1881 PARK
Jennie II. Newman. 50. 2617 K st. NV.
Robert z. Mlnnich, 80. Silver Spring. Nd
Corrine F. CLARK. 4S, 1404 49th ave. n e
Irene Lovelace. ~, 2716 Central ave
Theima D. Thrift. ~. 715 Hamlin St
Nathaniel johnson. "A. 1910 cOlumbia
Mary Terrell. 7S. 21os H st. ne.
Emma, Artis, ~, 1853 Calvert ter. Sc.
Ella Shanklin, 63. Alexandria, Va.
Maude Moss, go. Ills Fairmont street
KnoE Chi. 81. Arlinston. Va.
BaHrEess A BumEardner. SO, Fairmont
Mamie Whiting. 81. 767 Harvard st. NV
Rosie Newman. 40. 71e sra st. s.w.
Amy r. Williams. 4b. 72O L st. Sc.
The guardian., 1953-11-28

MORE NEW CONCERNS: New
business interpretations in Mas
sachusetts in September num-
bered 255, a gain of 209g over
August, and 1887 over
September 1852.
WOMEN'S APPAREL LEADS:
In Boston department stores
during the spring season of
1858 the three departments hav-
ing the largest sales were wo-
mems and misses ready-to
wear apparel, 1882 Of the to-
tai, home furnishings .6.786
and women's and misses ready
to-wear accessories 15.57qo
Main store sales amounted to
1882 of the whole, basement
sales 25. $40 and nonmerchan-
disc sales, 2.97So, as reported by
Federal Reserve Bank of Bos-
ton.
BUMPER CRANE ERRY
CROP: A record cranberry crop
in Massachusetts, is expected
this fall, 100000 barrels $50
above the 1852 harvest and 3796
above the 1942-1951 ten-year
average of 503,50O barrels, as
reported by the U. S. Dept. Of
Agriculture The average yield
per acre of potatoes in Massa-
chusetts is placed at 235 bush
The guardian., 1953-11-28

Next Sunday the pastors theme,
1890: "One Returned To Give
Thanks; 7 pm, Christ Is
Transfigured." The sick list in
cludes: Mrs. Olivia Miller and
Mr.. Thomas Taylor, Whidden
Hospital, Everett; Mrs. Annie
Breedy, Mrs. Ida High, Mr.
Lucius Carter, Sr., Mrs. Rosa
Rogers. Church from Miss Dor
othy ndrews of U. S. Aair Force
stationed at Fort Myers, Va.
Christmas candles have been
given out for Foreign Mission
ary. The service will be held
December 13 at Metropolitan
Baptist Church, Boston. A Sun
day School Workers Conference
will be held at the Parish House
December 4.
The guardian., 1953-11-28
GAMB RIDGE
ST. PAUL
A. M, {. CHURCH
Rev. c. B. BARROW, Pastor

Rev. c. B. Barrow, Pastor
Threatening weather did not
daunt the ever increasing at
tendance at the morning serv-
ice of st. Paul's last Sunday,
when they were again inspired
and instructed by a disserta-
tion based on Romans 1:21, and
setting forth conditions con
sistent with the season Of
Thanksgiving. Several addi-
tions were made to the mem
bership in this service. Musi-
cal background was capably
furnished by the Gospel Cho-
rus, and the intermediate
Choir. The afternoon session
of the Missionary Circle was an
outstanding success, piloted by
Chairman Margaret Bushfan.
The guardian., 1953-11-28
MAIDEN
EMMANUEL BAPTIST CHURCH
Rev. Earl w. Lawson. pastor


Rev. Earl w. Lawson, pastor
At the morning worship the
pastor preached to an overflow
congregation on the theme "In-
debted To Some Helping Hand
Music was rendered by the
Junior Choir under the direc-
ton of Mrs. Adele Evans. Sun
day School convened at 1890
under the leadership Of Mr..
Fred Gibson and Mr.. Ebert
Sneed. Jr. Missionary Services
at $50, Mrs. Margaret Jackson,
President; speaker, Rev. E. w.
Lawson, who preached on the
theme Some Great Missionary
Appeals" Tuesday evening
Prayer Meeting was led by the
Sunday School, Mystic Alumni
and Senior Choir. Pastor had
charge Of the devotionals In
city-wide Thanksgiving iservices
at Center Methodist Church, 8
pm, Wednesday, November %.
The guardian., 1953-11-28

In the evening, the Pastor con-
tinued his onslaughts against
sin and error with the subject
Let Us Go On" based on He
brews GIL, and feeding the still
growing congregation with Spi-
ritual food. The same singing
units Of the morning rendered
service In the erening.
The guardian., 1953-11-28
ST. BARTHOL OMEW'S
CHURCH

hhSNs NSA AAAGACog ACNs
Advent Corporate COm'iOn
At st. Bartholomew
On advent Sunday, November
20, at eight o'clock the men
and boy of st. Bartholomew
Church will join in the national
observance of a celebration of
the Holy Communion. 1t will
be followed by breakfast in the
parish hall. The speaker will
be the Rev. John X. Mont
gomery of Grace Methodist
Church, Cambridge. Rev. Ken
meth Hughes is rector of the
parish. The event is sponsored
by the Mems Club of which Mr..
George Loshley is president.
Evening star., 1953-10-11

arts of business entertaining. If
you are phoning to reserve a table
for the evening, this can be solved
by mentioning your name as host
and requesting that the bill be
given direct to you. Or you can
make your request quietly to the
waiter or maitre d'hotel while the
meal is being ordered.
some hosts make an evening un-
comfortable by waving money at
cab drivers and walters, grabbing
for checks at dinners and tipping
lavishly at every turn. Often
guest will feel more at ease if he
can pay for a taxi or a round
Evening star., 1953-10-11

Leave your guest with the feel
ing you've genuinely enjoyed his
company for the evening. This is
probably the most important rule
of all. 1--WE had a wonderful time.
Let's do it again soon." will take
away any possible twinge of in
debtedness on his part.
It's worth the effort. Because
business hospitality, warmly and
sincerely extended, can often result
in the greatest of all rewards -
the making of a friend.
4
SCOWL and the trOrld ScOtCES
back, sCOrnS NEXT ,ceek's 0u-
thor, viii Bernard.
Evening star., 1953-10-11

more enjoyable evening.
Check your wallet
before the start of the
party. The one certainty
about bills for entertain
ment is that they are
higher than you think!
Figure approximate costs
for drinks, dinner and
entertainment - then
add to that for good
measure.
Paying a check grace
fully is one of the real
Evening star., 1953-10-11
by James II. Caldwell
PRESIDENT WOOSTER RUSGER COMPANY

group. 1t is very easy, especially at
meetings and conventions. to find
yourself inviting a group of scat
tered acquaintance to join you
for the evening. Until you are very
sure of yourself, leave this juggling
of parties to the more experienced
host. Limit your entertaining to
two or three compatible guests.
And when inviting an additional
guest, mention by name and busi-
ness connection the other members
who will make up your party.
The question of whom to invite,
in regard to rank in an organiza-
ton, is another matter settled by
common sense. If you are inviting
a young salesman, for instance, he
will probably be more relaxed in
the company of another young
businessman, rather than the head
of his sales department. Select
ing your guests with care doesn't
mean snobbishness. 1t is merely
a courtesy to help them to a
Evening star., 1953-10-11

of drinks. Follow the course that
will make your guests more COM
Portable, not initiate your own ego.
If possible, try to find the mood
and pleasure of your guest before
making plans for his entertain
ment. After hectic day, many
friends appreciate a relaxed chat
over plate of roast-beef hash in a
quiet restaurant. You're not
failure if he wants to get home to
bed early. Other out-of-towners
might want a whirl through the
night spots.
MAKE specific time and place
and transportation arrangements
for the evening. Almost every busi-
nessman has had the experience of
waiting alone at a steak house
while his host is at another spot,
rounding up the rest of the party.
Calling for your guest at his hotel
at a specified time will eliminate
any confusion about meeting at
Evening star., 1953-10-11

the dining place.
Keep away from busi-
ness topics unless
brought up by the guest.
Don't let him feel the
evening is just an extern
sion of his working day.
Any man rightfully feels
tricked if he is invited
to a social evening and
winds up by having to
prophesy trends in cop
per supplies for the COM
ing year.