davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-12-13
Machine Built With u. S. Aid
Finds Loke Under Egypt Sand

dreds Of miles Of barren desert
into arabic land and to keep
it fertile.
In places. such as remote
silva Oasis, 100 miles south of
Mersa Matruh, the top of the
sandstone formation is fairly
near the surface and the water
has pushed upward to form nat
ural springs.
Elsewhere. the tremendous un-
derground reservoir can be
tapped by artesian wells through
which the water will squirt with
the force Of an Oil gusher.
The Egyptian government has
allocated some SIS million for
the development of water re-
sources and desert reclamation
in the next three years.
Research already has proved
that the desert will grow almost
any crop if given adequate water.
A chain Of agricultural settle
Evening star., 1953-12-13

and teachers IN Japan are pro-
Communist. according to Jap
anese university oficials. Older
Chinese who may be privately
sympathetic to the Nationalists
are keeping their political opin-
ions to themselves for business
reasons.
Reasons Listed.
Here are some practical rea-
sons why Chinese in Japan are
turning to Peking:
!. Over crowded Formosa Of
ferS little or no opportunity to
a young Chinese while Red
China promises him a place in
building a new China.
2. Peking can afford to SUBJ
Sidize Chinese students here
while Nationalist China cannot,
3. Mainland China, Commu-
mist or not. has an emotional
magnetism for the overseas Chi
nese because his family roots are
there. Formosa Is alien country.
4. The japanese government,
although politically conservative,
is encouraging trade with Red
Evening star., 1953-12-13
New Venezuela Road
Worlds Most Costly
AT ST Million a Mile
By the Associated Press

CARACAS, Venezuela. Dec. IL.
A four-lane highway rated here
as. the most expensive In the
world-$7 million q mile-has
been opened between Caracas
and the Caribbean seaport Of
La Guaira.
Workers gouged the route. a
little over 10 miles long. through
the mountains and finished the
job in three years.
The highway cost q total Of
$71 million. It cuts driving time
between La Guaira and the cap
ital, 5000 feet above sea level.
from about 90 minutes to IS
minutes. With only 36 easily
banked curves, it replaces a 19-
r-''e. twisting road with 366
Evening star., 1953-12-13

CAIRO. Dec. IL fNANA) "A
"divining machine" has located
an immense underground '.lake''
deep under the hot sands Of
Egypt's western desert.
The "diviner" is the Jovisky
apparatus-ope by Ameri-
can aid technicians-which in
dicates the presence Of subter-
ranean water in much the same
way as a marine echo-soundel
tells the distance between q
ships keel and the ocean bed.
The ''lake" is within the po-
rous Nubian sandstone forma-
ton. extending from the Sudan
Mountains northward to near
the Mediterranean.
For centuries this layer, 5000
feet thick in parts. has absorbed
moisture after the occasional
torrential rains. Geologists cal
culate that it now contains suf-
ficient water to transform hum
Evening star., 1953-12-13

precarious curves niched into the
mountains.
Along It are the three largest
prestressed concrete bridges in
the world, constructed by q Paris
engineering firm. Campenon-
Bernard. The largest is 1880 feet
long. with q 500-foot span 220
feet above the ground.
The highway also has two
tunnels. one 1,940 yards long
and the other sos yards. They
feature an automatic traffic COM
troll system and a ventilation
system which automatically ad-
juStS the fresh-air intake accord
ing to the carbon monoxide gas
left by the varying traffic flow.
The highway meets a long
time Venezuelan need, for ap-
proximately SO per cent of all
Venezuelan imports come to La
Guaira for Caracas. Venezuela Is
principal international airport,
Naiquetia, which handles over
200 scheduled flights daily, is
located near the La Guaira end
of the highway. Traffic on the
old road was calculated at 5000
cars and trucks daily.
Evening star., 1953-12-13

ments along the course Of the
"lake" would help Egypt solve
the twin problems Of producing
food and finding employment for
a population increasing at the
rate of 1000 a day.
Evening star., 1953-12-13
Reds Gain Loyalty
|0f Most Chinese
Living in Japan
By Reyes Beech

Chicago Daily News FOREIGN Service.
TOKYO. Dec. l2.-Red China
is winning the battle with Ma
tionalist Formosa for the alle-
glance Of nearly $4,000 Chinese
living In Japan.
Although Japan recognizes the
Nationalist government and not
Peking. the cards are stacked in
favor of the Red regime for
practical reasons.
Nearly all Chinese students
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09
THE PRESIDENT ON AIR POWER

President Dwight d. Eisenhower pointed out in his
recent speech on taxes and defense that the nation would
spend sixty cents out of every tax dollar in fiscal 1864 on
air power Congress accepts the reduced requests of the
Eisenhower Administration The former Supreme Com
mander OF World War IT, and later North Atlantic Treaty
Organization Supreme Commander stressed the fact that
the to what some critics charge
lis air minded
The President, in defending his defense budget re-
quest stated that three modern aircraft could do the Job
some 1000 accomplished D-Day, June 6h 1914 When
one remembers the desruceness of the atom bomb he
can understand the truth behind the Presidents statement
The President in his speech to considerable eff
Tort to prove to the nation that he not guilty of neglect
ing the air In fact Eisenhower stated the conviction
that air power grows relatively important with each
new day. The fact that sixty cents of every defense
dollar is destined to produce air power fact which has
not generally been stressed in the newspapers or by the
coumnists and the President performed public service
by bringing this to the attention of the country.
The Presidents explanation of the air power cuts
makes certain will not be easy for Congress to over
ride his or the Defense Secretays judgement in the mat
ter Mr.. Eisenhowers decision to take his case to the
people was wise since OF the facts he outlined
clearly had seemingly been missed in the confusion and
criticism which followed the revelation of the Admnistra-
tons 1854 defense request.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09
Flying Hazard

LERE (chad1 French Africa
tRl - Hippopotaml have develop
ed into 3 major Iying hazard II
the Chad and ways and means are
noH beng sought 70 pat 81 ed
70 Il. TIE Hippop0tami live Ia tie
lake 81 LsFe. = vast shallow ax-
panks q Eatef Used ~ The
France Hydro" alr-eompanv Tor
Tying boats wkleh ~ eosian 70
The coast, msehlHss ard drinkH %
re chaa. IL the beginning, TIE
pilots made sore iow altitude
sH0opz 70 chase TIE hippspoaami
aNay. bul TIE LATER quickly learn.
ea that tie flyi1g beats xers rsr.
feeilY harmless ard today hsy
doz't hadge.
Il has bees decided 70 fake O.
beasts easshaeEs. Bvt krw several
hanered hippeposxms cas- - cap.
faged sd Transferred, Is ct 81
TsQNa.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09
BY SICRlD ARNE
APP Newsfeafures Write

WASHINGTON R-At $3.50 a. m.
every week day, Sherman Adams,
assistant to President Eisenhower
runs his blue eyes around con.
ference table and says: "An right,
gentlemen"
The White House staff is off on
another days grind.
Most congressman are still crack.
ing their breakfast eggs. Stores
won't be open for another hour.
Outside on Pennsylvania Avenue
StenographerS are still on their
way to work.
This $3.50 group is the Presidents
like with all the phases of his COM
pick job. 1t culls and briefs the
flood of problems headed for the
Presidents desk. II solves those ii
can. Adams takes the knotty ones
on to Eisenhower.
Thus is the job of running the
worlds biggest business kept with
in manageable bounds.
Four men in this group are
closest to the Presidents ear.
The top man is Adams, who
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09
BY RELMAN MoR,N

DETROIT, R,-The guaranteed
annual wage is the glamor goal of
a major section Of organized labor
today.
1t may not actually be the most
important of all the events taking
shape in the house of labor. The
renewed effort toward labor unity
could hold far greater potential
ties in industrial relations.
Who can yet say what changes
viii develop out of the new leader.
ship that came SO suddenly to the
ALL, the CLIO, and the Steelwork.
ers union? Labor confronts a null
tiplicity of problems and has a
hatful of plans.
But among them, high on the
list, is the guaranteed annual
wage.
In this system, a worker is guar
anteed years work at a base
rate of pay, plus overtime, incen-
tive, production money and bene-
fits.
The idea is not new, in theory
or practice. AS an officer of the
AL said, with some asperity.
What's all the excitement about?
Some of our unions have had it
for years"
The plan is being pushed hard
by Walter Reuther, new president
of the CLIO.
At the last convention of the
United Automobile Workers, three
giant, wedge shaped banners
reaching nearly to the roof behind
the speakers dais blazoned the
keynote--''Next Step Forward
Guaranteed Annual Wage-FulI
Employment, Full Production, Full
Distribution"
Reuther said ''the guaranteed
annual wage will be won in the
next series of major negotiations. :"
What the JAW has in mind, in
detail, is q guarded secret, and
most probably will remain so until
the union Is able, in formal nego-
tiations. TO present them to the
automobile industry.
Consequently. motor executives
said they were unable to discuss
the outlook in any definitive terms.
In midway, negotiations began
between representatives Of United
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09

ell dinero neeesario para adquirir
formula indicada.
Su deSintereS, su generosidad,
Su falta de amor al dinero, ha he
cho que llegue al final de su exis-
teneia, sin haber podido acumular
riquezas de ninguna elase, pero,
como decimos en- nueStra carta al
DR.. Cobo, pGseyendo Ia gratitud y
ell cariho de sus Semejantes, que
es para el la mayor de las riquezas
" la mas valiosa de todas. Y acaso
tai vez, la mas difieil de adquirir.
en- esta picara existencia.
Nosotros. que pocas veces es-
eribimos para cantar loas en- favor
de nuestros semejantes, esta veg
al hacerlo, nos sentimos muy sa-
tiSfechos. TODD elogio que nosotros
prodiguemos en- honor del doctor
Rodriguez Basso, ha de resultar
palido y pequeho, cuando Sc COM
paren con sus "eineusnsa y eIneo
amos de elsreieio de Is HedIeIna.y
Sus estudios fueron cursados en-
Barcelona, Espaila. Desde sus
primeros amos de curse en- Ia es.
cuela de medicine de aquella Uni
versidad espanola, Sc destac0 no
solo por su capaeidad para ad.
quirir eonocimientos y Su amor q
Ia profession que habia escogido,
sino tambien por su concepto del
compaherismo y por su amor a Ia
terra eubana. donde naeiera. Un0
de sus companeros de estudios, 10
fne el DR.. SueiraS Miralles. que
mas tarde fuera coronel de Eglado
Mayor del General calixto Garcia.
en- Ia Guerra del IS. Dicho doctor
Sueiras, ejercio muehos amos en-
la eiudad de Tampa y "a con una
avanzada edad, retorn6 q Cuba y
suponemos que por ALA debe de
andar. heeho un polio ''lnvefeFs.
do, 81 es que no ha partido "a
para el viaje del que jamas Sc re-
lorna.
De aeordarse por Ia Ciudad este
homenaie al DIR. Rodriguez, est.
names que todas las insiituciones
cubanas. tanto culturales. como
fraternales. deben dc adherirse al
mismo. Va que seguramente. en-
todas esas prestisas asociaeiones
han dc haber mnehos miemhros,
a quienes mas De una ven, haya
eurado y hasta deiado De pereibir
sus honorarios 81 DR.. Rodrignez
Basso.
Asi 10 espeFamos de nuestro
qberido pueblo , dc nueztFa buena
Colonia.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09

actually is an extra set of arms.
legs and eyes for the President. He
takes those phone calls that are not
intercepted before reaching the
presidential office, directs the
search for information the Presi-
dent needs, decides when depart
mental policy questions have boiled
high enough that the President
should see top men.
The other three report to Adams
but see the President frequently.
They are:
Thomas E. Stephens, appoint
ment secretary.
Maj. Gen. Wilton B. Persons, re.
tired. whose job-new in the White
House-is to keep both Congress
and President informed on how
each feels about laws in the
making.
James c. Hagerty. press secre-
tary, who keeps the press and
radio abreast of White House news
and advises the President on how
and when to give information.
Top-man Adams, a trim 81 with
thick white hair, horn trimmed
glasses and pink healthy cheeks,
is an icicle of efficiency at work
but can switch in a second from
deepest concentration to a relaxed
chuckle.
HE scares inexperienced stem
ographerS with his intense drive"
says one White house hand. "he
President calls him 'boSS'-but he
grins when he does it."
Adams gets to the White House
at 1880 to run over plans for the
day. At $50 he opens his staff
conference. From nine to six he
sees people (about 30) and takes
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09
Guaranteed Annual Wage, Clamor Coal OfNost
Organized Labor, Is Pushed By Ruether

States Steel and the steelworkers
union. The company agreed to lis.
ten to union statements proposing
joint committees study the ques.
ton of a guaranteed annual wage,
No commitments were given, how.
ever.
In the arguments over a guar.
anteed annual wage, labor and
management frequently appear to
have crossed party lines.
John L. Lewis. for example, ex.
pressed serious doubt of the fea.
sibility of the plan in the coal in
dustry.
Emil REEVE, president of the tex.
tile workers, questioned it on eco.
nomic grounds in that industry.
Now here's another view:
Labor, no matter how much
justice there may be in present
employe-employer relations - la.
Dor today is generally still treated
as any other commodity which
can be bought and sold as need.
ed.
THE only way to change that
is to adopt a plan which viii make
labor an integral part of the bust.
ness organization, with the same
mutual interest in the sale of prod.
ucts that management has.
When a man doesn't know how
long his job viii last or how steady
it will be, it is ridiculous to say
he should be loyal to the company
that employs him"
Those were the words of Henry
Num-, former president of the
Nunn-Bush Shoe Co. in Milwaukee,
spoken nearly 20 years ago when
he installed the guaranteed annual
wage. That plant still has it.
AT about the same time, in Aus.
tin, Mimi. j. c. HORNED brought
the plan into his packing plant.
The plants 1900 employees are
paid on a weekly basis, and guar
anteed So weeks notice before any
layoff.
In the Nunn.Bush plant, the plan
provided weekly pay checks for
IS weeks work of 20 hours each.
For several years the organization
has been on nine-hour day with
four hours on Saturday. The extra
nine hours weekly are paid for
as overtime, at time and one-haH.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES GLIMPSE
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. GLIMPSE
Presidents Aides Have Full Time Tasks

EDITORS Note: President Eisen-
hover must make the decisions,
but the complex executive task of
the man in the White House is
many times more than a one-man
job. The White House day begins
early and ends late for the 10 hard
working men who make up the
Presidents personal headquarters
staff. In this timely article, the
first of four, Sigrid Arne takes you
behind the scene for a glimpse of
likes top aides at work.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09

house of labor, John L. Lewis OBJ
served, with a wry smile:
1.-The people in those negotiations
have more problems than The peo-
pie at Panmunjom."
He was referring to the confer
ences between representatives Of
the cI0 and AFL. They have been
meeting for several months, hunt
ing an avenue that viii lead to
merging the two major labor
groups.
Considerable progress in the d.
rection of a marriage was seen
earlier this month when Reuther
and George Meany, ALL president,
announced an agreement TO stop
"raiding"--a practice under which
union from one federation tries
to seize bargaining rights held BY
a union In the other.
Reuther called il "a first step
essential 10 achieving the desired
merger" II will be effective Jan.
/ If ratified By the membership.
Reuther, at the start. laid down
the CLOS terms for the merger.
Preservation o. the CLOS indus
trial structure. agreement on ma
ehinery for handling iarisdictional
disputes: no membership bars be-
cause Of race. creed or color, no
Communists or racketeegs In posi-
tons Of leadership.
4 big question: How can you
have a unified labor movement
that leaves out Lewis and the 81.
ant miners uni0ng II was posed
at an ALL convention By Seattle
delegate. wbo said, addressing the
chair: so far. yoa havent even
answered the telegram Of John /.
Lewis, saying you we're willing
10 cooperate with bin
Meany himself replied. He re-
viewed iung story % eHfogt@ 10
ward unlaeaiion. AZ Gre paint, be
said. a method bad been agreed
HTon.
"Phii Murray presented That 80
John Lewis in hla office ard John
LeAix walked ever 70 The wsax2ow
Ioaked oal the wGnagx. looked est
she w1adow Tor ab9ui ~ Entamtes.
ard then se5emHly STRIDE back %
hts desk. ture Up IRE proposal ard
pei ii il tire waste basket wrsAoat
reading Il
MsAny eeneisaaed gnzt pAzse e.
bis story wzn tass taFs ststement
III Jaha L.e@ss @aasa 70 set &c.
thsz CO ne tasNst II LABOR massY
ard Geels tAst Ire assaeFs se
cone h4ek, Be Is qaste laEs lar
wEtA fAw praeeks Is retsraasss g.
80 AL. He h stea assse tansasAF
w1sA tAe proeeak ~ JeasAag th&
AL
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09

phone calls Cat least 500. At six he
dasheS off dietation,
Adams seemed about to earn
himself a reputation as a martinez
recently when he ordered no smak.
ing and no lettering by the staff.
The staff still smokes, stenogra.
piers included. but the staff knows
it has to be on hand and working
at $50.
Washington hoSteSSeS have given
Adams up. One famous one said to
me: What can you do with a man
who gets up at $50 and goes to bed
at S:S0?"
Adams makes il clear he looks
on himself only as an impersonal
tool to cut down the labors Of the
President.
1--WE don't attempt to dictate in
this office" he told me.
Nevertheless, Adams is in and
out of the Presidents office sew.
eral times a day. His decisions on
what questions must go to EiSen.
hover cannot help but color events.
He is considered more powerful
than many cabinet members.
Adams graduated from Dart
mouth into the lumber business,
rose from camp clerk to general
manager.
He also caught the political bug.
He was elected to the New Hamp-
shire House in 1890, to Congress
for one term in 1874, governor in
194S.
He was one of the early Ike
hackers and was Eisenhower floor
manager at the Chicago Republi-
can convention. Hagerty says
"Sherm was a natural for cam
paign manager"
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09

One Of the HORNED Co. docu-
ments, explaining the contract,
says:
This guarantee of ours is de-
signed, not as protection to the
employees through the medium of
the guarantee, but rather as a
compulsion of management to so
conduct itself that the guarantee
need never be invoked. So when
using the phrase, guaranteed an
nual wage, we must ask the ques-
tlon-guaranteed by what?
1.-THE only guarantee we know
of is the ability of management
to manage, coupled with willing.
nesSsof workers to work. II either
fails, the guarantee fails"
David Mcdonald, steelworkers
president, made much the same
point. He believes that when
company has a certain base pay
roll as a fixed item in its operat-
ing costs, it will find the work for
the force to do. The result, he said.
would be that management finds
new markets and develops new
products, supplying the work for
which 1t had contracted to pay.
Reuther, in his latest report to
the JAW, put the idea this way:
IAN annual wage will give the
employer that financial stake. We
have seen again and again how
pursuit of profits can lead EN-.
ployers to do things they said were
impossible to do
Harry Anderson of General Mo.
tors, John Bugas Of Ford, and
Robert Gender of Chrysler will be
among the key men if another
battle of Detroit develops over this
point.
All three are young, affable,
handsome. alert. They are rated
among the best industrial brains
in America and all three have had
long experience. They asked not
to be quoted directly, and the fol-
lowing, therefore, is a summary
of their collective views:
Whether the economics Of the
automotive industry would permit
this annual wage system is doubt
full. The layoff periods, while tool.
Ing up for new models of cars. has
been so reduced that the problem
of maintaining work is no longer
acute.
They question whether workmen
with seniority or special skiIlS and
hence less subject to layoffs viii
support Reuther.
And they ask IL anyone has de.
vised plan for a guaranteed an
uual profit for industry?
As to steel. Adm. Ben Moreell.
chief executive officer Of Jones
and Laughlin, simply said that the
problems Of pricing. attracting in-
yestment capital. rehabllitatiag the
plants, and providing for research
must take precedence ever any
other considerations right now.
We have to operate al some
where near capacity. II We drop
below 50 per cent capacity. . steel
company Is IL } hell Of a fix
The plain fact is that steel
products have been under prices.
The first haS loh Is to gel a proper
price. !"
In textiles. Elmer Ward. pregl.
dent a Goodsll Sanford. said the
queStA0a Of . guaranteed wage has
nat been presented 60 hin. TIE
completing factor. as re sees Ii,
Is TIRE competitive difference BE-
swsea n0rtheTn ard southern mllla.
Tn sne al thase wfs9a nxs
afraid eE tae atea. Re saAa. hssi
Il We Gon't ed a competitive wugk
lead asa wagg rate. re AaKe g0s
- Ke Sesh
In nx ans 81 To- ether
Pc s "zs@ En $50
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-06-09

GUATEMALA 90 - A masss
sly hasgtsi e - bsdx. sossAaa
aness s. 90 80 rs opeaea kera
fseenslg. bsetsr Manses gasi<grez
ARD ethev pggmlnsas Co.'S mz1lsta
aefK a@asg EasSs sEtsasnf -
asasessssa esxsmszesz. Tss sakS
- RsaSsssfN aess pss8eaf
: iafas EFNg8 - lfose sttss4
- a4ea gae lsssxa4g = -
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