davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

kov and the other protected
by Beria, chief Of the Russian
MKVD. Beria has been losing
and is apparently withdrawing
to cover. Also. Losovsky and
Manuilsky-Comintern leaders,
the latter for a long time its
chief-have disappeared since
1851. Many of the purged
were their former subordinates.
One may conclude that the
Communist jews, being pub
licly tried for Jewish connec.
tons, have already been pri-
vately sentenced for the wrong
Communist connections.
1t is even conceivable that
the very policies of national
Bolshevism (Titoism) that led
to earlier purges may yet pre-
vail in the Russian-led inter-
national Communist apparatus
to facilitate detaching Western
Germany from the American
led bloc. d.
Equally sensational right
about-faces have happened.
1t is a mistake, I believe,
for analysts to be diverted by
the red herring of anti
SemitiSn. The Jewish Com
munists who have backed the
victorious faction or not COM
mitted themselves to the de-
teated one will survive. The
others, together with many
non-Jews, will perish.
released by the Bell Syndicate. Incl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

the problems faced by this
country In its relations with
the rest Of the world. For an
other, it made equally clear
that for most Of these prob
lens there are no easy solu-
tions and that the most to be
expected from the Govern
ment is patient, unremitting
effort in every direction that
offers opportunity to clear UP
the coSmic mess. This was the
extent of Mr.. Dulles promise
to the people and all he could
promise.
The campaign behind him,
sobered now by responsibility.
the Presidents agent and
spokesman in foreign affairs
indicates o purpose to carry
on virtually the whole Of the
program inherited from his
predecessor. Some parts Of
it he naturally hopes to do
better. but he forecasts no
drastic changes in general
policy. He will merely seek
to avoid the stumbling and
bumbling," about which his
candidate spoke so feelingly
during the campaign. That's
about all he can do, since the
country's course. rightly or
wrongly. seems pretty firmly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Dorothy Thompson
Who Has Won Over Whom?
Purges and Prosecutions of Jews in Russian Territory
Result Of Struggle for Power Within Soviet Union

The West is seeking to trace
the meaning Of the purges
and prosecutions in the So
Wet Union and it's satellite
states. I think that these &C
lions, now involving so many
Jews, do not illustrate the ap-
parent policy but are the re-
suit of a struggle for power in
the Soviet Union and the in
ternational Communist appa-
ratuS.
They confirm that the
struggle has occurred and that
one faction has prevailed. The
trials are now, as in the past,
the show by which a victorious
faction announces it's triumph.
The real question is: Who has
won over whom and on what
issues?
1t is certain, ! think, that
Zionism and international Jew
ish organizations have not
been important. The Zionist
Jewish question is played up
in Czechoslovakia, Romania
and East Germany, but not in
Poland, Hungary or the Soviet
Union. A faction within the
party having been defeated,
the leaders of that faction, and
their associates, must be elm
mated.
Some grounds for their
elimination. other than the
real ones. must be produced
to form the substance of the
shows staged by the Peoples
Tribunals. What grounds are
chosen depends on how to give
the cases a veneer of plausi-
bility. The already con-
demned must confess to some
thing other than having bet
on the wrong dogmas and per-
Sonalities. To what. then,
shall they confess? II they
are Jews, let them confess to
being Jews-Zionists. and.
therefore, by Zionist claim,
members Of the Jewish nation,
whose home is Israel; or cos
mopolitans, connected with
international Jewry and espe-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
One Trouble Spot Here at Home
Messrs Dulles and Stossen While Examining Difficulties
In Foreign Field Cannot Forget Troublesome Congress

set and since he, in his BIZ
partisan days, had considerable
hand in setting it.
In q few days the Secre-
tary, accompanied by the new
Mutual Security Administra-
tor, Mr.. Stassen, will depart
on a tour of some Of the
troublesome spots in the
foreign field. Unhappily, in
doing so he must turn his back
for a time on an equally
troublesome spot at home, the
Congress mentioned above.
Before he can see for himself
or, at least, make a fresh
estimate Of what the country
can spend wisely in the
furtherance of its foreign
policy he is made aware that
strong elements in Congress.
largely in his own party, are
determined to slash expendi-
lures, regardless. Before he can
develop useful understandings
concerning foreign trade, de-
signed to ease the difficulties
of desperate friendly nations,
entrenched interests that may
be affected are digging in to
resist any loss to themselves.
The Secretary has Of me-
ceSsity done some hard think
ing with regard to Western
Germany and, in his mind. has
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Mccarthy Hovers in Wings
Eisenhower Administration Has Run Heodlong
Into SCIENTIFICALLY Issue Difficulties

Mr.. Dulles agreed to stand
surety for his people as loyal
citizens and good security
risks" He said he would re-
quest FBI Investigations and
upon their receipt, take appro-
pirate action.
It was when questioned
about this that Senator Wiley
said 1t was up to the execu-
tive department to determine
whether the FB1 files, which
are secret and contain rumor,
hearsay and other unevaluated
material, go to the Hill. This
position, incidentally, has the
support Of FBI Director j. Ed
gar Hoover.
Senator Mccarthy has indi-
Gated he does not like either
Gen. Smith, who has defended
a Mccarthy target, John P.
Davies, or DR.. Conant. DR..
Conant he accuses Of an at
tack on Catholic schools, which
the Harvard educator denies.
The Senator is also understood
to feel that his German con-
stituents don't like DR.. Conant
who once outlined q plan
for postwar Germany they
thought harsh. It was not the
Morgenthau plan. which came
later.
Senator'S report that McCar-
thy will write Gen. Eisenhower
asking him to withdraw DR..
Commits name.
A mere list Of the prior re-
sponsibilities of some Of the
Dulles nominees points to the
need for a sense Of proper
ton in these matters. AS CIA
chief, Gen. Smith has collected
the most secret espionage data.
DR.. Conant. q physicist, Is an
adviser on atomic energy and
was a major force in the
bombs construction.
Most Democrats will vote for
them all and only smile wryly
as they watch the G. o. P. re-
treat from their old campaign
ground.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Constantine Brown:
Dulles Has Spoken American
French Government Abondons Treaty Delaying Tactics
After Unity Warning of New Secretary Of State

Only a few hours after John
Foster Dulles made his maiden
speech as Secretary of State,
the French government de-
cided to abandon its delaying
tactics and present to the ram
bunctious National Assembly
the treaties providing for a
peace contract with Germany
and the creation of the Euro
pean Defense Community. Only
a few days earlier reports from
Paris indicated that the French
Parliament would take its time
before bringing those treaties
to a vote in a drastically re-
vised form.
The American people. as
well as those in friendly and
enemy countries. have heard
the man responsible for for
mulating our foreign policies
speak American" He assured
our allies and friends that this
country will stand unflinch-
ingly by it's commitments
which tend ultimately to as
sure world peace. But he
warned our allies that unless
they also push ahead toward
unity, the vast amount of as
Sistance received from this
country may be revised dras-
tically downward.
All this was said in matter
of-fact language without any
diplomatic double talk. After
using an understatement that
the six-nation army of Europe
was stalled somewhat" Mr..
Dulles added the following
sentence which may stir some
of our allies out of their
inertia: "If it appeared that
there were no chance of getting
effective unity, and If in par
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Doris Fleeson:

In It's first week Of executive
responsibility for the Govern
ment. the Eisenhower admins
tration has run headlong into
the practical difficulties OF the
security-loyalty issue which
Republicans developed 50 sue
cessfully against the Demo-
Gratis.
Their initial moves place
them at, or In the close v1cin-
ity Of, the old Truman-Ache-
son-Connally barricades.
Secretary Of State Dulles on
his own motion has accepted
the same kind Of responsibility
for his major subordinateS that
Dean Acheson took 50 long and
so thanklessly. Senate Foreign
Relations Chairman Wiley
stands on Capitol Hill In the
same protective and support
ing role former Senator Con-
nally occupied.
Senator Wiley, perhaps only
speaking individually, went fur
ther. He told reporters 1t was
entirely up to the executive
department whether FB1 re-
ports would come to US. It Is
an executive function"
This puts him with Mr.. Tru-
man, who doggedly held to
this position. One Of his great
est battles with Congress was
on this precise point, and
q. o. p. orators complained
every hour on the hour that
"a paper curtain" was being
lowered between the State
Department and Congress.
The new Republican version
Of the security-loyalty issue
has been developing rapidly
with q star-studded cast. As
always, Senator Joseph r.
Mccarthy is lowering in the
wings and 1t is still a question
whether he will be content
with q walk-on part or attempt
o starring role.
The prologue was spoken by
Mr.. Dulles, who proclaimed
upon his appointment as Secre-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Yelled Warning to Europe
Dulles Speech on the Eve Of His Departure to Europe
Could Have a Profound Effect on World Policy
David Lowrence:

The address Of John Foster
Dulles, Secretary Of State.
Tuesday night on the state Of
the world is the foundation Of
President Eisenhower's whole
program for world peace. It is
by far the most enlightening
and the most forceful pro-
rouncement on American
foreign policy that has been
delivered since the famous
quarantine" speech Of the
late Franklin D. Roosevelt in
1887.
Then as now, America told
the world that despotism must
be thwarted by the common
action of free peoples. But
Mr.. Dulles has gone further
than any Of his predecessors.
He explains in detail not only
why the United States cannot
and will not remain aloof from
either Asia or Europe but why
the United States cannot and
will not keep on pouring into
allied countries billions Of
dollars as well as divisions Of
our troops unless there is
effective unity" among the
free nations.
It is at one and the same
time a clear presentation to
the American people as to why
allies are necessary for the
actual defense Of the United
States and a yelled warning to
Europe that the American
people will have to re-examine
their relationship to Europe
If the British, the French and
the Germans go their separate
ways. The exact words Of that
sensational warning are as
follows:
"The United States has made
q big investment in Western
Europe on the theory that
there could be unity there. OF
the $40 billion which we have
sent abroad since the end Of
the Second World War, almost
80 billions have gone into
Western Europe. If, however,
there were no chance, and that
I Just refuse to believe, but II
1t appeared there were no
chance Of getting effective
unity, and II in particular
France, Germany and England
should 60 their separate ways,
then certainly 1t would be nee
esSary to give q little re-think-
ing to Americas own foreign
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

combed the country for the
man most competent to repre-
sent us there. He must have
been pleased by the widespread
approval of his choice of Presi-
dent James B. Conant of Har-
ward University. Yet now he
finds that he faces a fight in
getting DR.. Conant confirmed.
There are those in the Senate
disposed to challenge the
eminent educator on grounds
that have nothing to do with
his fitness for the proposed
assignment. Involved is the old
question of public versus
parochial schools.
If Mr.. Dulles can settle that
to everybody'S satisfaction by
talking with Congress he can
settle most any other question
he is likely to meet in the hard
years ahead.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

policies need now only to read
carefully the Dulles speech to
observe the courageous step
forward which he takes. espe-
ciahy the release he displays
from that curious timidity
which has heretofore given the
Communists so much to build
upon.
That's a gloomy picture.
said Mr.. Dulles, after present.
ing his review of Soviet infil-
tration in every continent.
"but it need not and it must
not discourage us. These Rus
sian Communists are not
supermen and their strategy is
not irresistible. ! feel absolutely
confident that we can make
it fail"
It is logical that Secretary
Dulles should withhold details
of future policy at this time,
but Moscow might as well
realize 1.-THE American Gov
eminent isn't afraid of Stain
and his crew, and will not act
as if it is either.
Not only shall we not in
woke war;" said Secretary
Dulles, ito achieve our pur-
poses but we shall try to the
best of our ability to stop the
wars that are now going on
in the world, notably these
wars in Korea and Indo-C China.
Today these wars go on because
the enemy thinks he is getting
an advantage by continuing
the war. believe that Gen.
Eisenhower will find the ways
to make the enemy change his
mind in that respect so that
they too will want peace"
It Is especially worth noting
that Mr.. Dulles speaks Of "the
enemy" and he does not fail
to name names. He says: 1--WE
have enemies who are plotting
our destruction. These enemies
are the Russian Communists
and their allies in other coun-
tries"
Here is a frankness of state
ment which has not been
matched before. It calls a
spade q spade. and notifies
Stain that the American
people not only know what is
going on but that they will not
fail to approve any proper
measures to change the situa-
ton from a "cold war" to a
state Of peace. It is a historic
utterance.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Fletcher Knebel::
Potomac Fever

Sir Makins the British Ambassador says Britain
wants to do without United States aid possible Alta
boy Sir Roger England has the Makns of great ambassador
Foreign Committee agrees to clear
diplomats without FBI investigation. The FBT very busy
these dayyng to find out where Harry Truman hid
atomic bomb.
Ike former Gov Val Peterson of Nebraska
laison man with Government agencies aon nothing
but co-ordnator who's capable Of getting confused in
than department at a time.
Senate committee Roger KyeS
boss after he sell 240 Motors
pubicans should have trouble selling country on their
programstheyre doing magnificent selling themselves
White House employees asked working
Authorities don't want to anything burning around
ington except old stocks and bonds.
Democratic Senator Douglas says only depression will
turn the Republicans out Of Office of
depression for decadeu take the taxpayer that long
climb back up to some place high enough to fall
The White House the colds of Ike and Mamie are
getting better No wonder the doctors Republican
Ever since the G. O. took Office eeybodys been yelling for
the miracle drugs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

think about our doing anything
to push the Muscovites back
to their old European boun-
diaries, they have advocated for
some time the creation of q
common front in Asia extend
ing from Korea to Indo- China.
Last year Frances top-ranking
military man. Marshal Francois
JUN, visited Washington and
had exhaustive talks with our
Joint Chiefs Of Staff. He sug-
gested this as a purely military
strategic move. The political
men in Paris have also in
dorsed such a plan as a means
to ease the burden of the
o-China war and relieve
the drain on the French
treasury and manpower. par
ticularly in the ranks Of young
officers and noncoms. OF the
II nations which are partici-
pating either actively or by
token forces in the Korean
campaign, only the French and
the Turks have believed that
a strong military action could
solve the shooting war in Asia.
Mr.. Dulles has given no
indications of what steps
Gen. Eisenhower will take to
make the enemy want peace"
But judging by the Presidents
earlier statements and his
training, it is justifiable to
speculate that he will not
continue the present so-called
cease fire" which is costing
the allies daily casualties with
out any hope of ending the
bloodshed. The Reds. so far
have expected an allied sur
render with some perfunctory
face-saving devices. This is
certainly not in the mind Of
the conqueror Of Hitler's
legions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Lowell MeNett:

II hope" said the new Sec
rotary Of State In his broadcast
Tuesday night, never to be too
busy to talk with the Congress
and with the people of the
United States so that they will
know what it is we're thinking
about and what our purposes
and intentions are"
Ex-Secretary Dean AcheSon,
resting in the comfortable cli-
mate of the Caribbean, must
have chuckled If he had his
radio turned on. You'll never
be too busy, john" he could
have said out Of his own pain
full experience Of days, and
weeks, adding up to months.
spent talking with Congress.
Congress probably didn't
chuckle, but made q grim men
tai note to the effect that Mr..
Dulles would find that he never
was too busy for the suggested
conversations. AS for the Amer
lean people, they could be
grateful for the assurance that
they are to be kept informed
Of what is being done or in
tended in their name as q Ma
ton.
The Secretary's address, his
first such report to the people.
was useful. For one thing it
made clear the magnitude Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

cially the Jewish community
in America.
A startlingly large number Of
victims in the satellite states
have had Russian and interna-
tional rather than national
Communist backgrounds, many
with the Soviet army and the
international Brigade in Spain
linked to the Soviet army-as
did the American. Noel Field,
kidnapped into Russia from
Warsaw. He will yet reappear.
The top people in the defeated
faction were outstanding mem
bers Of the international Com
munist apparatus. They were
not Titoists-national Com
munistS. The Titoist purges
have subsidized. These are diff
ferent.
Rudolph Slansky, hanged in
CZechoSlovakia, was believed to
belong to the Zhdanov, faction
(Andrei zhdanov, secretary of
the Central Committee of the
BolShevist Party and founder
Of the Cominform). Zhdanov,
chief advocate Of a more ag-
gressive and revolutionary
policy in Europe, and strong
anti-Titoist. had partisans in
the Russian Politburo and
among satellite and West
European Communists. He died
under suspicious circumstances,
but it is now apparently his
followers, not his opponents,
who are being charged with
his murder (the Russian doc
torS).
Jews have always played a
greater role in the interna-
tional Communist apparatus
than In the Soviet Union
itself. They are good linguists,
and during the war could pass
into many countries as victims
Of Hitler's policies. Purges re-
sulting from power shifts
within this international ma
chine are, therefore. bound to
involve Jews. Following the
death Of Zhdanov there were
several factions within it, in
Guiding one favored by Malen-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

policy in relation to Western
Europe"
Coming, as this statement
does. on the eve Of the de-
parture Of Secretary Dulles for
conferences with the top
statesmen in Europe. it could
have a profound impact on the
course of world policy in the
years to come.
Mr.. Dulles has made the best
argument ever made to an
American audience as to why
the United States must have
allies in Asia as well as in
Europe, and how the Soviet
encroachments will menace
Americas own safety If not
stopped in their tracks. But
this address applies equally as
well to a European audience.
For lately the impression has
grown up in Europe that
America would keep on sending
troops and money indefinitely
without a corresponding mani
feStation of responsibility on
the part Of European nations
hitherto allied with us.
For it might as well be
faced-the United Nations is
but a forum for debate and.
though it is all-important as
an influence on world opinion,
the peace of the world will be
enforced only by regional
alliances and mutual-security
pacts based on military and
economic resources pooled to
give the most effective COM
bination that can be presented
against Soviet Russia.
Secretary Dulles significantly
pointed to the neglect Of Latin
America by our own Govern
ment, but he condoned this as
being due merely to our recent
preoccupation with Europe and
Asia. He indicated, however.
that Soviet Russia is busy in
flltrating not only in this
hemisphere but in Africa as
well as in Europe and Asia.
Most encouraging was Mr..
Dulles boldness in taking
American policy out Of the
realm of stagnation and frus-
tration and bringing it, even
this early, to a positive stage.
His effort to get rid Of the in
feriority complex Of the Tru-
man-AcheSon policies is most
refreshing.
Those who say they have not
seen the differences between
the Acheson and Dulles foreign
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

tary that he would seek an
FBI clearance. United Nations
Commissioner Henry Cabot
Lodge chimed in for himself
and American employees OF
U. N. The Senate Foreign
Relations Committee at its
first meeting unanimously
moved to require that all
executive nominations Of am
bassadors or ministers, as well
as assistant secretaries and
undersecretaries, should be
reported upon by the EBI prior
to confirmation.
Came the cold gray dawn
when Republicans had to
assume the responsibilities Of
power.
Faced with empty desks, the
committee sheepishly waived
FBI requirements for Mr..
Dulles, Commissioner Lodge
and Mutual Security Admin
istrator Stassen.
It put two Assistant Secre-
tarieS Of State-former Repre-
sentative Thruston Morton and
Carl McCardle, veteran news
papermen-in a second cate
CORY by agreeing to o mere
name check by the FBI. This
Ii described as proving that
they were not on any existing
lists Of suspects.
Still the names Of nominees
eager to get about the coun-
try's business poured In, in
Guiding that Of Gen. Walter
Bedell Smith, who was being
plucked from the Central In
telligence Agency to be Under
secretary for Policy; Winthrop
Aldrich, Chase National Bank
head and Rockefeller brother
in-law, for Ambassador to Brit
ain, and James Bryant Conant,
former president of Harvard,
for United States High Com
missioner to Germany.
When the list reached 1875,
Mr.. Dulles and the committee
threw in the sponge, acknowl-
edging that the FBI could not
in months complete the Job.
Evening star., 1953-01-16
Two FiTemen Sentenced
In Union EmbezzIement

Two firemen were given prison
terms today for conspiracy and
embezzling more than $500 while
serving as officers of the Uni
formed Firemen's Federal Credit
Union.
They are Pvt. Nathan c. Rob-
inson. So. former president Of
the union. who was given two to
six years and Pvt. Arthur G.
Ward. Al, its former secretary
treasurer, who was given from
Is months to four and one half
years. Sentence was by Judge
Edward A. Tamm Of the U. S.
District Court for the District Of
Columbia.
The f1remen were convicted
last month by jury after a
lengthy trial. The conspiracy
count on which they were con-
victed charged them with con-
spring to embezzle and to mis-
state the unions accounts. Coun-
sci for both men indicated they
would appeal the conviction. The
two firemen had been placed
under suspension some time af-
ter being accused of the offenSes.