davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-07-31
Ihon1oS z 9tokes-
Public Housing Seen Menoced
Little Hope Held Out for SIun-CIeoronce Programs
After House Refuses to Allow Any New Units

in the other case there were
contracts between the South
western Power Administration
and REA co-ops in Oklahoma
and Missouri for additional
steam plant capacity and
transmission lines which Con-
gress repudiated in the In
terror Department bill.
In housing, the House this
year refused to authorize a
single new unit, while the Sen
ate voted for $4,000. which is
what President Eisenhower
asked, as compared with the
$4,000 which President Tru-
man requested in his final
budget. In conference between
the two branches, a compro-
mise was reached on 10000,
though with conditions at
tached by the House con-
ferees leaving it to the ad-
minstrator of the Housing and
Home Finance Agency to de-
eide what, if anything, is to
be done about public housing
henceforth and to report to
Congress by February /. There
was some confusion, and con-
siderable debate, about the
language of the conference re-
port on the Independent Of
fees Appropriation bill in
which housing is included,
some Senators understand
ing that even the 10000 units
could not be started until the
administrators report next
February. What it all added
up to. however. to Senator
Humphrey. Democrat, of Min
nesota, a staunch public hous-
ing advocate, he put thus:
II am afraid it is the begin
ming of the end with reference
to public housing"
Another strong housing
champion, Senator Lehman.
Democrat, of New York, said
1--WE are virtually destroying
all successful efforts for slum
clearance, a program which I
believe every right-thinking
Evening star., 1953-07-31
David lawrence

why don't they let the
FBI do it?"
For many months now this
has been the outcry from those
who have objected to the ef-
forts of congressional COM
mittees to ferret out Com
munists and SubversiveS in
America.
For many months, also,
many a witness has refused to
answer questions asked by a
congressional committee and
has claimed constitutional i'm
munity on the ground that
the information if given might
tend to incriminate him.
For many months a con-
troversy has been going on as
to whether these same wit
neSSes would cooperate with
their own Government if they
could do so in secret-if they
could be spared the publicity.
Obviously to give such infor-
nation to the FBI would be
one means of helping the Gov
ernment and yet not making
any headlines or public scam
dal about the mention of
names of persons who might
be innocent.
The Senate Internal Secu-
rity Subcommittee has just
received from the FBI an
analysis which shows that
most of the witnesses refuse
to cooperate even with the
FBI. Here is the information
furnished by the FBI to the
committee:
"A review of 35 cases on
individuals who invoked their
constitutional privilege against
Standardization when they
appeared before congressional
investigative committees, re-
fleets the following informa-
ton:
I'D Thirty-three of these
individuals had some type of
Identification with the Com
munist Party. Of the re-
naming two persons one was
Evening star., 1953-07-31
Doris FIeeson-
Eisenhower Fails to Budqe Byrd
A Member Of the Other Team Refuses to Play Ball
With Administration on Increasing Debt Ceiling

President Eisenhower has
personally tried and failed to
get Senator Byrd of Virginia
to go along with the admins
tration's proposed SIS billion
increase in the national debt.
In a private White House
conference, after congressional
leaders had been briefed on
the debt situation, the PreSi-
dent told the Senate's chief
economizer that there was no
alternative to the increase.
Senator Byrd disagreed. He
has confidence in his own
figures on the debt which give
Treasury Secretary Humphrey
a working account of $4.5 bill
lion as compared to the Sc
billion the Secretary. says he
needs. So slight a difference,
in the Senator's opinion, does
not justify the drastic step Of
a peacetime rise. in the debt
limit. -.,
The Senator also pointed out
the President could impound
sums appropriated but not yet
obligated by contract.
Failure of Gen. EiSenhow-
er'S personal intervention with
Mr.. Byrd insures a real fight
against the debt-limit pro-
posal. All the early indications
were that the Democrats and
some Republicans would take
their time on it, despite their
haste to adjourn. Senator
Byrd's firmness gives them an
srticulate and informed leader.
Senator Byrd supported Gen.
Eisenhower last fall against his
own party largely because he
did not believe that the big
Evening star., 1953-07-31

1taly's President Luigi Eli
naudi is discovering that his
job is no longer the bed of
roses it was for SO many years
when Prime Minister Alcide
de Gasperi had a sufficient
majority to keep himself in
office.
When Signor de Gasperi
failed to obtain a majority in
Parliament last month fears
were expressed in Washington
that Italy might follow in
Frances footsteps and change
it's Premiers every few months
These fears appear to have
materialiZed now.
The fate of any italian
Premier is now in the hands
of the major opposition par
ties: the Communists and the
Nenni Socialists who hold more
than 81 per cent of the seats
in the Chamber of Deputies;
the Monarchists who hold
nearly 7 per cent and the neo-
Fascists who hold about 6 per
cent.
These are parties bitterly
opposed to each other. But,
as in France, where the men
of the right join the Commu-
nists to overthrow their gov
ernments, the main opposition
parties in Italy join hands to
decide the fate of their cabi-
nets.
There is, however, a more
difficult problem which faces
any prospective italian Pre-
mier in addition to the parlia-
mentary situation: the ques-
ton of Trieste.
De Gasperi was known to be
a staunch advocate of a united
Europe and a good friend of
the United States. Without
our official and unofficial sup
port. he and his Christian So
cialists would have been de-
feated in 1948.
Heavy contributions in crisp
dollar bills were rushed to
Italy by De Gasperi well wish
ers in the United States. But
when it was obvious that this
support could not assure him
a majority, the State Depart
ment used what appeared then
as a clever maneuver: It prom
ised Italy the return of Tri-
este.
Nothing was done about this
in the following five years
In the meantime Yugosla-
Was dictator Tito broke with
the Kremlin and veered to
the Western side militarily
and economically.
The allied governments in
quest of additional military
power to offset a possible Red
aggression in Western Europe
found it inexpedient to press
the matter of Trieste in which
Tito was as interested as the
Italian government.
We found it convenient to
forget about the whole thing,
leaving De Gasperi to face the
political consequences. We ac-
tually did not have the power
to give Trieste back to Italy.
This question has become
even more complex than
it was in 1948. The italian
Communists who once worked
in close cooperation and took
their orders from Tito hate
him bitterly now. He may
still be a Communist in his
own eyes and in the eyes of
the Western nations but ne is
Evening star., 1953-07-31
Six Seized in 'SitdoWn'
Al Office Of Cardinal
By the Associo,ed Press

CHICAGO, July 31.-Six young
men, followers Of Boston priest
excommunicated by the Roman
Catholic church for his teach
ings, were seized by police yester-
day after they refused to leave
the office of Samuel Cardinal
Stritch.
Police said the men entered
the Office of the Chicago Archdio-
cese and asked to see the cardi-
nal. When told he was out and
that they needed an appoint
ment, they announced their de-
cision to stay The police were
called and they were taken to
a police station and held with
out charge for questioning.
Evening star., 1953-07-31
The Fear Of Standardization
Most Who Refused to Cooperate in Congressional
Quzzes Also Refused to Answer FBI Questions

Ten out of the IS indi-
viduals were called before
congressional sessions prior to
the outbreak of the Korean
war in June, 1850. All 10 were
unco-operative. OF these 10.
eight were called to testify
after the outbreak of the
Korean war; they remained
unco-operative.
Three out of the 35 indi-
viduals were called before an
executive session. They re-
fused to cooperate. OF these
3. two were then called before
public sessions; again they
refused to cooperate"
It will be observed that the
witnesses had a chance to i'm
part their information with
out testifying under oath. Such
informality aids the FBI with
out involving a witness in any
possibility of perjury charges.
But even with such protec-
tions. most of the witnesses
have refused to tell what they
knew.
If lnformers were not &C
cepted by Government-in-
deed, in tax cases Congress has
authorized the payment of re-
wards to citizens who help to
detect criminal fraud-the
jails would not contain as
many convicts as they do.
Many murderers are convicted
only as result of testimony
coming from witnesses who
have turned States evidence"
To discourage the requirement
of testimony in that way is to
weaken the legal processes
through which crime is de-
tected and punished.
Any congressional commit
tee which helps, therefore, the
processes of disclosure by
interrogating persons who
have refused to cooperate
with the FBI can assist in
exposing conspiracies to over
throw the Government of the
United States.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1953-07-31

man and woman in the United
States must favor"
There was more than these
opinions. There was the state
ment of a House member of
the conference committee,
Representative Phillips, Re-
publican. of California, re-
peated on the Senate floor,
that he believed the conference
report as it was finally adopted
meant that public housing
would be killed. Equally frank
were private statements about
the objective of the REA
scheme put over by the House
namely, to throttle this CO.
operative program.
The February l date is inter-
eSting. For. as in the housing
issue, so in the REA matter,
that date is fixed for a re-
port by Secretary of Interior
Mckay as to the future of con-
tractual relations between the
Southwest Power Administra-
ton and the REA co-opS in
Oklahoma and Missouri upon
which the survival of the CO.
ops depends. Secretary Nc
Kay could hardly be called a
crusader for public power and
yet his attitude might be de-
scribed almost as enthusiastic.
as contrasted with that of AL
bert M. Cole. administrator of
the Housing and Home FL
nance Agency, toward public
housing. At least, all during
his years in the House of Rep
resentatives, Mr.. Cole bitterly
fought every housing measure.
Introduction of these two ad-
ministration figures into the
REA and housing issues was
hardly accidental.
Senator Lehman probably
came very close to the truth
when he said "the intention is
to liquidate low-cost housing"
This would, of course, be
turning back the clock, as
would be the Gripping Of REA.
The President, IN his CAM
Evening star., 1953-07-31
Fletcher Knebel-
Potomac Fever

Ike asks Congress to raise the national debt limit Republ
always promised they'd conduct higher
level.
Treasury Secretary Humphrey picked odds
from the Air fire his
lmt-incuding theme song of go into the wild blue
yonder." ,-...-
XIX.
The Rev Jack McMichael tanges with investigators
investigation clergy
Congressman the ers One member jumped feet
voter said he'd remember him in his prayers
East Germans organize marches to the west for United
States food Things tough behind
Gordon of police has been thrown around Len ombto
his ghost from eating his
Democratic Senator Nicely the Senate being talked
death windbags What the
could go good long strike and then.
Six Philadelphia Reds arragned charges consprng
to overthrow the ortfying
its defenseseven national being suspended
from barrage balloons
The Atomic Energy Commission it's production atomic
increasing. doubt
stay-whch is than you say for the rest of
Evening star., 1953-07-31
Thonos L. Stokes

Herewith is continued a rev.
elation of the raw deals that
are being put over in Congress
under cover of hurry to ad-
journ.
This one has to do with the
virtual stoppage Of the slum
clearance-public housing pro-
gram.
In method, this raw deal has
sirnilarities with the one pre-
viously disclosed here. That,
you may recall, was what
Senators from States directly
involved saw as the opening
of a movement, spanked by the
private utilities. to cripple or,
if possible. destroy REA and
the rural electric co-opera-
tives which have independent
ly, and on their own, carried
electricity to millions of farm
homes which the private utili-
ties would not serve. The idea,
the Senators charged, is to
make it impossible for the elec-
tric co-ops to survive, bank
rupt them, and then have
them taken over by private
utilities. The pattern was
laid down in connection with
the Southwest Power Admins
tration and REA co-ops in
Oklahoma and Missouri in the
Interior Department appro-
priation bill.
Each of the raw deals was
perpetrated by the House,
where it is much harder to put
your finger on the culprit and
fix responsibility, Loud pro-
tests CANT from the Senate
which, in the last-mlnute
rush, seemed to find itself un-
able to stop the raw dealing,
however.
Each also represented a re-
pudiation of contract by Con-
gress. In housing. for instance,
there were outstanding con-
tracts previously authorized by
Congress between the Public
Housing Administration and
local housing authorities for
e2.6o5 housing units, just as
Evening star., 1953-07-31
Constontine Brown
The Italian Dilemma
Without a Workable Coalition, Solution
To Many Problems Will Prove Difficult

a dirty renegade" in the eyes
Of the Kremlin and also in
those of the Italian Commu-
mist Party.
The Royalists and neo-Fas-
cistS hate Tito not only be-
cause he is a Communist but
also because he is the STUN
bling block in the matter of
Trieste.
The Italian people are easy
going and have never as a ma
ton been interested in terri
torial aggrandizement. Their
excursions in colonialism were
the work of the leaders who
were followed because it was
believed that they could get
away with it.
But they are all interested to
the point Of fanaticism in the
question Of the italian IRE
denta," territories with a pre-,
ponderant Italian population
which until the end of World
War I were in the hands of the
AuStrians and have been under
allied control since the end of
the last war.
The Communists, leftist So
cialists. Fascists and Monarch
lists are all of one mind on
this subject, although for diff
ferent political reasons. They.
can get easy backing from all
sections of the country and
also from many members of
the Christian Socialists and
the splinter parties in the
Chamber. While De Gasperi
was thrown out by a vote of
no-confidence on relatively
trivial matters. there is no
doubt that his failure to pro-
duce anything tangible on the
irredentist question was at the
bottom of his defeat.
The threat which was so
unwisely used by Ambassador
Claire Luce during the elec-
toral campaign that a defeat
OF the Christian Socialists at
the polls might mean the end
of the American bonanza
which has run so far into
nearly Sd billion made no i'm
preston on the Italian voters.
There is little likelihood that
this threat will be more effec-
tive if our diplomats should
decide to renew it in order to
help solve the cabinet crisis in
Rome.
The Communists, the Nenni
Socialists and even some of
the more moderate parties say,
apparently with good reason,
that the rank and file of the
Italian people have received
only q few crumbs from the
feast table provided for the
wealthy few by the American
billions. Signor de Gasperi's
administration had promised
important land and social re-
forms but has kept few.
Nobody knows where Presi-
dent Einaudi can find the man
who will satisfy the national
list demands Of the Italian
people, bring about the much
needed reforms and at the
same time maintain De Cas-
peri's pro-American and Eu-
ropean-minded policies alive.
Evening star., 1953-07-31
Probe Of Air Crash
lin Florida That Took
Lives Of AZ Pushed
BY the AssoeTated Press

Navy, Marine Corps and Civil
AeronauticS Board officials are
continuing their investigation of
Marine transport crash near
Pensacola, Fla, July II which
killed AZ people. including 81
Navy ROTC cadets.
The Navy said here yesterday
that both the pilot and co-pilot
of the packet, a twin engine air.
craft, met qualification require
ments for the Naval and Marine
Air Service.
officials said it may never be
known which officer was han
ding the controls at the time of
the crash since both we're killed
and the airplane had dual con-
trolls so that either officer could
operate.
Had 1875 Flight Hours.
The pilot, Capt. c. E. Graft.
had logged 1916 fight hours as
a pilot. His total flying hours
In multi-engine aircraft is not
known here because the record
of his flying time was contained
in his first log book which is
among his personal effects.
Capt. Crafts second log book,
which commenced last October.
recorded 226 hours in multi-en-
gine aircraft, all in the type of
plane, involved in the crash.
The co-pilot was Capt. G. L.
Yoder of Maysville, N. c., who
had logged 500 flight hours. His
time in multi-engine aircraft
was 1876 hours, of which 101 were
recorded in packet-type air.
planes.
Capt. Yoder graduated in
April from the all-weather flight
school at Corpus Christi, Tex,
with the highest instrument rat
ing given young officers.
Qualifications of Pilots.
Navy and Marine Corps policy
states that a plane commander
should be qualified after IL
months of flying experience and
$500 flying hours. The first
pilot, equivalent to a co-pilot in
a commercial airline, should be
qualified after IL months expert
ence and 1000 hours.
The Navy and Marine Corps
pointed out that these are guide
lines for the rating of aircraft
pilots and that men who show
high ability and unusual aptitude
are advanced more rapidly.
Evening star., 1953-07-31

spending trend of the past two
Democratic decades could be
halted by another Democratic
President. Only recently the
President sent him a hand
written note wishing there
were more Byrds in Congress,
a dig at Harry Truman's old
complaint that there were too
many.
The Senator gave fair warn
ing of his last-ditch opposition
to the debt-limit increase. In
a private conversation with
Budget Director Dodge early
this week he said bluntly, you
won't get away with it, Joe;
don't try it,"
Dodge replied that they
could "sell it to the country"
The long-diStance telephones
are now rejecting what he had
in mind. Members of Congress
are receiving calls from the
principal businessmen and
bankers Of their communities
asking them to stand by the
President" Doubt is freely
expressed by some recipients
of those calls that they would
be made had Mr.. Truman Of
fered a similar proposal in the
closing hours of Congress.
The Dodge reply provoked
the public warning from Sena-
tor Byrd Wednesday that the
Treasury proposal was unnec-
eSSary and would be fought.
Apparently, Mr.. Humphrey
and Mr.. Dodge were not con-
vinced.
Senators suggest the trouble
is that these gentlemen still
think they are running cor
Evening star., 1953-07-31

porations where they can tell
their vice presidents what to
do. Many Senators resent what
they regard as a squeeze
play" by the administration
during the adjournment rush
when most members have their
bags packed and tickets home
in their pockets.
Quite apart from its merits
the new debt proposal has an
intensely political aspect For
one thing. it is so far removed
from the Presidents hard
money and economy campaign
as to be the subject of much
jocular comment, despite it's
seriousness. Nor is it usual for
the White House to try to
stampede Congress literally in
it's closing hours on so i'm
portant a question which is
tied in with the whole problem
of spending and taxes.
The amount desired an in
crease so much larger than
the immediate need-suggests
that the administration is try
ing to get it over with for the
whole Eisenhower term and
that they are not optimistic
about future budgets.
It would, of course, be en-
barrassing if a proposal to
raise the debt limit should
coincide-or collide-with the
tax bills that will be necessary
next year. A major reason why
Senators Byrd, George and
others are reluctant to deal
with the debt limit now is
that it would encourage the
tax cutters before the budget
is in balance.
Evening star., 1953-07-31
Doomed Womun's S BODY
Born by Cuesureon
BY the Assoeiofed Press

TULSA, Okla, July 31.-
Physicians delivered a prema-
ture baby by Caesarean section
yesterday because they feared
the mother might die before
normal birth could occur.
The child's mother, Mrs. Huey
Afford, 20, is suffering from
cancer of the lymph glands. The
baby was delivered two months
early.
Both mother and child were
reported doing fine"
Evening star., 1953-07-31

paign, pledged he would never
do that. But the simple truth
is that he is distressingly naive
about legislative legerdemain,
and does not seem to try to
learn. That, at least, is a
charitable explanation of what
goes on here, even If not COM
plimentary.
Evening star., 1953-07-31
AIdrich Sees Churchill

LONDON, July 81 R.-United
States Ambassador Winthrop
Aldrich had lunch today with
Prime Minister Churchill at
Chequers, his country home.
Evening star., 1953-07-31
BruziI Tunq Harvest

Brazil forecasts a 1853 tun g
harvest which will yield $50 tons
of oil, a 110-ton decline from last
years output.
Evening star., 1953-05-02
p Cousins, Each 18,
Take Over Thrones
OF Jordan and Iraq
By the Associated Press

BAGHDAD, Iraq, May 1.-Two
18-year-old descendants Of the
Prophet Mohammed today as
cended the thrones of Iraq and
Jordan.
Royal salutes of 101 guns
doomed out over this storied
Iraqi capital as youthful King
Faisil II took his simple oath
of allegiance to the constitution
and loyalty to his people.
Across the Middle East's noun
tains and deserts, FaiSal's cousin,
18-year-old King Hussein I, be-
came the third reigning monarch
of Jordan in a similar ceremony
in Amman's tiny Parliament
house.
Crowds See EnthrOnements.
The two young Kings were
enthroned at virtually the same
moment before overflow crowds
OF 1ofelgn representative and
leaders of their respective coun-
tries.
The cry of Long Live the
King" ringing from the Jordan
Parliament house announced
that Hussein, grandson of Jor-
dams first monarch, King Abdul
lah. had assumed his royal duties.
Guns Immediately roared out
their salute from a nearby hill
and Moslem priests proclaimed
the news from the city's nina
rets.
Royal Salutes also were fired
in the Jordan-held section of
divided Jerusalem, marking the
start of three days of celebra-
Evening star., 1953-05-02
N in CzechosIovukiu

VIENNA, May 2 (R.-Commu-
mist Czechoslovakia transmitted
it's first television program yes
terday, Radio Prague said today.
The first broadcast was a polit-
ical and cultural program in
cluding pictures of the May Day
celebrations in Prague.
Evening star., 1953-05-02
BroyhilI Crest Exhibit Home Is Adjacent to the New
"Younq America" Home of '53!

Here's that home that change in twnkng
from twoedroom to 3bed one Providing 180
feet of living designed especially give the feeling Of space
There's completely
equipped laundry approximately $245O
to this jewel of home Evyones talking about it, Every
One s in with
Evening star., 1953-05-02
Body Of Drowned Boy
Taken From Reservoir

The body of 7-year-old Isaac
Bradley, jr., colored, of the TOO
block Seventh street NV, was
recovered yesterday by harbor
police from Mcmillan Reservoir.
Police said the youth. with
several companions, climbed the
reservoir fence to take a swim.
The others headed for shore and
their clothes when they saw a
guard approaching. Young
Bradley, however. sank unno-
ticed by his friends. The guard
called police.
At the District Morgue the boy,
known as Junior" was identi-
fed by his mother, Mrs. Beulah
Bradley. She has four other
children, three girls and a son.
Evening star., 1953-05-02
By the Assoeiosed Press

y NV WSSVeEuIUU FEUbb
President Eisenhower yesterday
formally designated Sunday, May
10, as Mothers Day.
In a proclamation, the Pres
ident said ''it is our national
custom. hallowed by long observ-
ance, to devote one day each year
expressly to honoring, our
mothers and expressing our