davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-08-26

only a few exceptions-Turkey,
for instance, in the Middle
East, and China In the Far
East-most of the peoples of
the world are hedging against
definitely aligning themselves
on either side. In the con-
temporary picture, the United
States and the U. S. S. r. ap-
pear rigid; elsewhere, there is
an undercurrent of desire to
find a middle, or third, way
between the two titans.
1 cannot report that the
main pillars of American policy
are more firmly established
than a year ago.
Is there, for instance, any
prospect of creating a Middle
East defense command, tied
in with NATO? I do not
enVisage it. The struggle of
France with her North African
protectorates and of Egypt
with Britain have repercussions
in all Arab countries. The
Arab press cries against
British air bases in Libya and
exhorts the fabulously rich
Ibn Saud to pay Libya's def
icit presently carried by the
British and "liberate" the
former Italian colony. A
Middle East defense alliance
without Israel is unthinkable
and with Israel is politically
impossible.
In Italy the fall of the
De Gasperi government has
certainly postponed and con-
ceivably torpedoed the ratif1-
cation of the European de-
fense treaty.
In France a government that
cannot put down a mutiny of
its own civil servants can
hardly obtain ratification of
any measure as controversial
Evening star., 1953-08-26
Ever-Shifting Political Issues
One View of How Stevenson Can Win Nomination Again;
Senator Byrd Called Most Logical Democratic Choice
David Lawrence

Adlai Stevenson says that
while the Democratic Party
lost the last election 1t won the
admiration of the free world.
He added-in a facetious vein
that the Democrats could
have carried every country
from Britain to Korea"
That was just the reason
why the Democrats lost
there were too many Ameri-
cans who thought the Tru-
man-Acheson policy was a
Europe first" affair and that
American billions were not
limitless The free world
and it might be added face
tiously, too, that nearly every
thing was free so far as giving
away American billions was
concerned-naturally believed
the Democrats would be more
liberal with American funds
than the Republicans.
AS it turns out, the Eisen-
hover administration is con-
tinuing foreign aid in rather
substantial quantity, so the
Europeans were unnecessarily
alarmed when they put their
bets on Stevenson and feared
the Republican "economizers."
What former Gov. Stevenson
didn't touch on was the real
reason why the Truman-Ache-
son administration has been
popular abroad, entirely apart
from the money given foreign
countries. The belief has
existed abroad that all Repub-
licans are "isolationists" and
that only the Democrats would
maintain a large standing
army of American soldiers
overseas for many years to
come, whereas the Republi-
cans might become impatient
and require that Europe un-
dertake the biggest burden in
defending itself. The truth is
the Eisenhower administration
doesn't differ from its pred
ecessor on long-range objec-
tiveS abroad.
But what Europe or Asia
thinks about American policy
Evening star., 1953-08-26
Isolation Of u. S. From Allies
India Is Seen as Test Case in Russians Attempt
To Line Up All Rest of World Against Americu

Chinese than those Of the
U. s. S. r.
Comrade ViShinsky and the
Indian delegate, t'Near-Com-
rade" Menon. are now ex-
tremely active behind the
scenes to garner as many votes
as possible from the South
American republics to defeat
the American opposition to
seating India at the Korean
peace talks. They are already
assured of the cooperation Of
most Of the Western European
nations.
In the meantime, across the
Atlantic the Kremlin is busy
promising an economic millen-
mum to the NATO members
If they only decide to accept
Malenkov's outStretched hand
and break away effectively If
not formally from their Ameri-
can entanglementS.
Malenkov is hankering for
a Big Four parley to include
eventually Red China also.
Prime Minister Churchill not
only shares this wish but is
also the pacemaker for such
a parley between the U. S. S. R.
and the major Western powers.
And in order to make its scope
as wide as possible, he wants
no definite agenda but wants
to cover the whole water front.
The Soviet diplomats have
been able to convince our Eu-
ropean allies that they need
fear neither a Red invasion
nor the effects of the much
advertised Red hydrogen bomb
II they only disaSsociate them
selves from "hysterical Ameri-
can jingoism." The Western
governments have convinced
themselves that the present
struggle is between America
and Soviet Russia and can see
no practical reason why they
should be caught in the middle.
The work of iso1ating this
country from the purchased
alliances" we have formed in
the last few years started
shortly before Stains death.
The Western European neu-
tralist movement advocated by
Western Socialists and Ma
tionalists was indirectly in
Evening star., 1953-08-26

spired by Moscow. It was pre-
sented to the people Of Britain
and France as the only practi.
cal solution for their difficult
economic problems and "as the
only escape from the American
domination" represented by
dozens Of billions Of dollars
given to Western Europe under
the Marshall and MSA pro-
grams.
Stain wrote last October q
long article which created q
sensation in European politi.
cal circles. He forecast not q
war between Europe and the
U. S. S. r., but a war between
the capitalist nations for world
markets. From that time on,
the Kremlin diplomats have
been relentlessly active in tell
ing our allies, convincingly,
that unless they break away
from their burdensome mill
tary and political commit
ments to the United States
they will never be able to
achieve any economic recovery
and social progress.
Malenkov, last March,
launched his famous peace
dove from the Kremlin. Our
allies, out of consideration for
us, joined in describing it as a
phony. But in the meantime,
they listened carefully to the
Kremlin diplomats who were
whispering in their ears. These
words were different from the
official propaganda utteranceS
of the Muscovites. Our allies
were being told. and Washing
ton has some pretty definite
information to that effect, that
since America has embarked
on an adventure which will
ultimately result in war with
the U. S. S. r.. they had bet
ter save their own skins and
quitely remove themselves
from the dangerous alliance.
What we see today at the
U. N. in New York and what
we experience in our relation
ship with the Western allies
is nothing but the beginning of
the Kremlins "isolationist"
drive.
Evening star., 1953-08-26
Thomas L. Stokes
7 Toriff Expected to Be an Issue
High Duties of the 192Os Recalled as Contributing
10 Depression; Warnings Already Being Heard

The tariff is likely to become
q really major issue at the
next regular session of Con-
gresS beginning in January.
More so, perhaps, than since
the 1920S when Congress was
the scene of two fierce and
prolonged Sieges over the tariff
which gave us, first, the
Fordney-McC Act of
1922 and, second, the Smoot-
Hawley Act of 1880.
Through these laws our
tariff rates were raised so
high that other nations re-
taliated against our trade by
increasing theirs. The result
ing sitting of international
trade was a contributing factor
to the great depressions of the
l93Os.
This was so generally recog-
nized that one of the early
reforms of the first Roosevelt
administration was to take
tariff making out Of the hands
of Congress where log-rolling
for political purposes was the
order rather than sound eco
nomicS. Under the Reciprocal
Trade Act of 1884, sponsored
by then Secretary of State
Cordell Hull, the State De-
partment was delegated to ne
gotiate with other nations for
mutual lowering of tariffs and
elimination of trade barriers
of various sorts.
Something has been ac-
complished through these ne
gotiations. even if not as much
as some envisaged. The act
regularly was renewed. But the
limit of reductions possible
under it has about been
reached. Now it is up to Con-
gress to determine future
policy.
The logic Of events would be
tOg Congress to widen the lati-
Evening star., 1953-08-26
Fletcher Knebel-
Potomac Fever

Inc stocK market goes down. Wall takes dim view
OF the world situatons been it got any
Ike will meet Mexican
IN October Men spend trying get into the White
ouSe- makes such good home address list distant
hotel registers. - ~
Aoal stevenson says the Democrats loSt
election at home but they're foreign countries
Democrats will do anything to tap treasuynow
they're trying to qualify for foreign-aid handouts
Fathers lose their drat-deerment status girls ideal
prospect for husband these days fellow been stood
up so often by the other girls that he's gotten
The Ike administration sets network of who'll
report secretly business conditions Operative
aren't too bad in the next counhey haven't
Republican yet"
Atomic Energy Commissioner people have
ample atomic information. Sure, we've all
all know when to where hide-and why probably
get there
Evening star., 1953-08-26
Constantine Brown

Operation Isolation" one
Of the most important politi-
cal-diplomatic actions so far
undertaken by the q. s. s. r.
against the United States, Is
in full swing not only in Eu-
rope but in the private suites
of the members of the United
Nations representatives in New
York.
While outwardly these rep
resentatives have gathered in
New York to discuss the Or
ganization of the Korean peace
conference. they actually are
engaged in formulating more
far-reaching plans.
These plans are the expan-
sion of the conference to de-
eide on the admission of Red
China to the United Nations;
the settlement. according to
the Red pattern, of all Asiatic
problems, and the packing"
Of the Korean peace confer
ence to place this country and
the South Korean republic in
the minority at the diplomatic
table.
The inclusion of India is
the test case. There is no
secret as to how that sub
continent stands in the Ko-
rean conflict. The fact that
when the Korean war broke
out she refused to participate
in any military operation is
less significant than her inter-
ference with PakiStan's plan to
send a full combat division to
help the U. N. in the fall of
1850.
The Karachi government Of
fered a division provided India
gave positive assurances that
while the Pakistan troops were
fighting in Korea she would
not engage in any aggressive
operations connected with the
Kashmir dispute. The Indian
government refused to give
that assurance.
Under the cloak of lofty
theology, Prime Minister
Nehru's pro-Peiping activities.
at first little suspected by
Washington, have been more
useful automatically to the
Evening star., 1953-08-26

is the attitude which Mr.. Ste
venSon may decide to take on
the record of the Truman
Roosevelt administrations.
While he can say in general
that he applauds that record,
he must sooner or later begin
to show that he is not going
to be Trumanite but an in
dependent-minded person who
doesn't hesitate to criticize
some of the serious economic
mistakes made by the Demo-
cratic Party. If Mr.. Stevenson
is going to depend for his plat
form on the spending of larger
and larger sums for so-called
social welfare, he will not en-
dear himself to the vast major
ity of the taxpayers who want
their levies reduced. The
spending spree is nearly over
and the day that some alert
and able personality in the
Democratic Party discovers it,
he will be on the road to a
nomination by his party and
possible victory at the polls.
AS matter of fact, the most
logical individual in the DEM
ocratic Party today to become
the presidential nominee is
Senator Harry F. Byrd of Vir-
ginia. He could get not only
the support of the regular
Democratic vote but a sub
stantial Republican vote if he
were nominated.
The Democrats might as we'll
realize that the trend toward
radicalism and state socialism
has been reversed and that the
majority to be corralled will be
largely made up of the middle
of-the-road American voters
in both farm and factory. Is
sues rather than personal
charm or eloquence on the
stump bring about the selec-
tion of candidates by a polit-
ical party in America-and
Gov. Stevenson has a good
chance to be the Democratic
standard bearer again only if
he interprets correctly the
trend away from Trumanism
and New Dealism.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1953-08-26

as one involving the rearming
of West Germany.
In West Germany the situa-
t1on is not nearly as stable as
it superf1cially appears. Chan
cellor Adenauer is stronger
than he is popular. He COM
mands a large press, some of
which is subsidized by the
United States, most of the rest
by powerful industrialists. He
rules his party with an iron
hand in its velvet glove, but
even within its ranks are res
tive dissidents.
The June II revolts in the
Russian zone contain many
enigmas. Were they spontane-
Gus and undirected? Appar-
emily, in Berlin, they started
as such, but as they extended
throughout the zone they gave
every evidence of organized
direction. Who were the di-
rectors? Underground Social
Democrats? National. Boil
shevists? Or a combination of
both, aided by agents? These
are disagreeable but pertinent
questions, but whatever the
answers, there is no indication
that the East German rising
was a demonstration for Ade-
nauer or American policy. We
must get out of our minds that
everything anti-Russian is
pro-American.
The Austrian anti-Com-
munist chancellor has indi-
Gated that Austria wants a
peace treaty even at the price
of no military alliance West or
East.
The cold war thus has many
fronts. And, as I see it, neither
the United States nor the So
viets Is in control Of them.
Evening star., 1953-08-26
Chemist Kills Himself
With Monoxide Potion
Bv the Associoted Press

LOS ANGELES, Aug. ga
city chemist sealed himself in
a small cabinet, police reported
and then mixed together chemi-
Gals that produced carbon mon
oxide.
The body of Eugene M. Dis
kant, 81, was found yesterday
in his laboratory in the Offices
of the Department Of Water and
Power, where he apparently had
gone Sunday night. Police said
he wrote a long letter to his
employer saying he was a mis-
fit" and tired of the daily strug-
gle leading to nowhere"
Evening star., 1953-08-26

great creditor nation that we
are and also seek to stabilize
currencies.
Unless further progress is
made in those directions, he
declared, lit is quite likely
that, despite international DO
litical institutions that have
been erected or may be erected
IN the future. the unity of the
free world will remain precari-
Gus and fragile"
Mr.. Douglas drove this chal-
lenge home by urging that the
administration make known it's
intention to seek a relaxation
OF restrictive trade legislation.
The President declared no such
intention in transmitting this
report to the commission which
is to study foreign trade,
headed by Clarence B. Randall
OF Inland Steel, but he COM
mended the report for it's IL
Elimination of the foreign trade
problem.
Another appeal came re-
Gently from Warren Lee Pier
son, former head of the Ex-
port-Import Bank, who spoke
on behalf Of the United States
Council of the International
Chamber of Commerce. He
regretted that Congress had
done no more than extend
the reciprocal trade law at it's
last session and had failed ito
take more decisive action to
improve economic relations
between this country and our
friends abroad"
Unless" he warned, "some
bold action should result in
the second session of the 83d
Congress, it will be very diff
cult for some nations to resist
the temptation to solve their
problems by placing further
restrictions on purchases from
Evening star., 1953-08-26

will not decide American elec-
tionS. Gov. Stevenson's chances
of being the presidential can
didate of his party in 1855
do not depend on the evolu-
ton of American foreign
policy. It was a good thing
from his own standpoint that
he made the lengthy trip.
because it had been argued by
critics that he lacked expe-
rience in international affairs.
Wendell Willkie after his de-
feat in 1910 became a world
traveller for much the same
reason.
But, if American historical
experience is any guide. it will
be domestic policy that will
determine the issues in the
next, campaign and especially
the selection of a candidate on
the Democratic ticket. Pre-
sumably all aSpirants to the
Democratic nomination will be
on the side of more money
and more troops for the de-
fenSe Of Europe and Asia as
against Communist imperial
ism. But what will be the diff
ferences of opinion as between
would-be nominees on domes-
tic questions?
First of all, Mr.. Stevenson
may not like it, but he will
discover that TrumaniSm is
still unpopular with the ma
jority and that "McCarthyism"
as an issue will not be ade-
quate to take care of the
deep-seated distrust which so
many voters have had con-
corning the Democratic Party's
bungling tactics in handling
Communists in the Govern
ment. A prospective candidate
who is 100 per cent anti
Communist and has such a
record by 1856 will have a
better chance of capturing the
party's nomination than some
one who is lukewarm on the
issue and spends his time
arguing academic questions
about congressional commit
tee methods"
Next, and not less important
Evening star., 1953-08-26
Nehru Defends British
Riqhf 10 Enlist Ghurkas
BY the ASsoeiofed Press

NEW DELHI, India, Aug. 26.-
Prime Minister Nehru defended
Nepal's supply Of it's tough Cur
kha warriors to the British
Army, asserting "You don't ex-
pect the Nepalese government to
take any step that might upset
the whole economy of Nepal."
The furnishing of Gurkhas
to British forces constitutes a
chief source of revenue for the
little Himalayan kingdom which
Is closely allied with India.
Mr.. Nehru intervened in de-
bate in Parliament's upper house
after Communist Deputy B..
Rath attacked India's grant of
Evening star., 1953-08-26

wants special numDer Tor his
plane.
In addition, CAA took in about
100000 for transmission of mes
sages along the airways for the
airlines. Most of this was in
the interest of safe operation and
served points where CAA facili-
ties were Immediately available.
The Federal Airways System,
which CAA operates, is a busi-
ness running to about 500 mil
lion year. How to charge this
cost against those who use it is a
problem. For instance, will a
bill for weather information
catch up with a private pilot
who is warned by radio that the
Washington airport is socked
in and that he had better go
elsewhere.
One suggestion has been made
to increase the tax on grades
of high-octane gasoline used by
planes and thus recoup the CAA
costs.
Charts May Go UP
The airplane pilot is probobly
going to face an increased charge
for another service. The Coast
and Geodetic Survey is con-
sidering increasing from $6 to
SO a year the charge for charts
showing radio beacons and other
radio information.
The Agriculture Departments
Production and Marketing Ad-
ministration keeps running
studies to see if it's costs for
service are being met. In fiscal
1852 its total cost of grading
inspecting, classifying and stand
ardizing farm products cost $18.5
million. But it recovered $75.8
per cent in fees.
In the year before the costs
were $13.9 million and the
amount covered fees was 71.5
per cent. There has been steady
development toward putting the
services on a self supporting
basis.
The Census Bureau for some
time has been doing special tab
ulations from census records.
Where a trade association or
company alone is interested in
the work it pays for it. The bu-
reau is studying to see whether
the charges cover the full cost.
SIS Million Income.
Last year the Census Bureau
took in SIS million. Of this
sum, $350,000 was from tran
scripts of census records relat-
ing to individuals. Formerly
charge Of 81 was made, or SO
where special handling was re-
quired to speed the work. Now
the charges are SO and 81, the
increase being made two years
ago.
The superintendent Of docu-
ments. who does a big business
in selling publications, is required
by law to charge the cost of
the publication, plus so per cent
for overhead. When production
costs go up, therefore, sales
prices go up, but there has been
no general increase recently.
The superintendent's best
seller. however, Infant Care"
now sells for 20 cents, up from
Is cents three years ago. Higher
costs required the increase.
1t has been suggested that the
Fish and Wildlife Service charge
a fee to identify a fish some
eager angler sends in. Or make
a charge for providing young
Evening star., 1953-08-26

transit facilities for Gurkhas
en- route from Nepal to Malaga.
1T would be an extraordinary
thing for us not to let them 60
through" Mr.. Nehru said, add
ing, "the Nepalese government
wants this arrangement to con-
tinue."
Evening star., 1953-08-26
AIumnue Elect

CINCINNATI. Aug. rs (P.-
The National Association Of
Notre Dame Alumnae yesterday
elected Miss Marie j. Nerney,
Columbus, Ohio, to succeed Ger
trude Cable, Marysville, Calf,
as its president. Among others
named were Miss Margaret
Kramer. Catonsville, Md, vice
president, and Miss Kathleen
Cagney, Washington, D. c.,
auditor.
Evening star., 1953-08-26
u. S. Agencies Boost Charges
In Self Supporting Attempt

The costs of special Govern
ment services are being hit by
imitation.
It already costs SO instead OF
81 to get from the Census Bu-
reau official data from it's rec
ords to establish your age for
the purpose of obtaining Social
Security payments. Those who
turn to the bureau for informa-
ton on age. citizenship, resi-
dence and family relationships
are usually from among the so
million Americans whose births
were not officially recorded.
The Government now is study
ing how to charge an airplane
pilot for a weather report from
an airport control tower in re-
sponse to his radioed request.
The Patent Office is canvass
ing ideas for charging inventors
more for patents.
The Agriculture Department
is studying costs Of inspecting
farm products with the idea of
setting fees to cover expenses.
Dodge Sparks Move.
Behind the present urge to
extract more income from fees
and other special charges are
instructions from Budget Direc-
tor Joseph M. Dodge. He told
service agencies last July 9 to
charge higher fees to put their
Offices on self-supporting
basis.
In many instances. however,
Congress sets the fees. Any
raise will have to be authorized
by Congress.
This is not the first time the
Budget Bureau has urged jack
ing up charges for specialized
services. Similar instructions
were issued in May, 1851. The
Budget Bureau then ran a check
in December, 1852, to learn the
results. 1t found that collec-
tions had increased by $23 mil
lion.
Patent Office plans to increase
fees was laid before a group of
patent lawyers at the American
Bar Association meeting in Bos-
ton on Monday. Patent Com
missioner Robert c. Watson ex-
planned the Offices position and
asked the lawyers to support in
creaseS.
A $50 fee is charged now for
a patent-$30 when the applica-
ton is filed and another $50
when the patent is issued. This
scale has been unchanged for
more than 20 years. And, for
almost as long, the Patent Office
has operated in the red. The
deficit for the last fiscal year
was $6.4 million, more than half
VI U1lC p46 I1lI111O11 UuuSGO.
$S5 Fee Considered.
Patent Office officials are
studying various proposals for
upping the fees. One proposal
is to make the charge $85 in
stead of $50. Also under discus
sion is whether the charge for
printed copies of patents should
be changed. At present Is cents
is charged for each copy, whether
it runs one page or 200. This
charge is set by statute.
The Civil Aeronautics Admin
Stration charges fees for regis
tering aircraft, certifying titles,
recording mortgages, issuing pi-
lots certificates and similar du-
ties. 1t took in $177,689 for
these services last year. One new
source of income is a $40 fee
If is CHARGING now if the ou1onr
Evening star., 1953-08-26

the United States or by in
creasing their trade relations
with the Soviet bloc"
The situation, indeed, seems
to put it squarely up to Gen.
Eisenhower to see that we do
not go again through the cycle
of the 1920S.