davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-05-05
Curb
In D. {. Sought
byHouseGroup
Big Slash Unlikely
As Spencer Reports
Budget in Balance
BY Don S. Warren

"A H1ouse subcommittee today
began a search for economies in
the Districts spending program
for the year beginning July /
but there was no outward sign
a meat ak would be used.
Chairman Wilson told report
ers he was, of course, looking for
means of reducing proposed out
lays in the 1854 city budget.
He added: But am not penny
wise and pound foolish"
He noted from a general state
ment submitted by Commissioner
Samuel Spencer that the new
budget, while considerably larger
than this years spending plan.
was balanced.
Spencer Tells of Cuts.
Mr.. Spencer, leadoff witness
at the closed session, told the
subcommittee District depart
ment heads had asked for out
lays in the year beginning July
l of $181 million. He said this
would have exceeded estimated
city revenues by about $31 mil
lion and that the Commission
els therefore had made heavy
cutbacks.
The total submitted in Janu-
ary was $143.8 million. Just re-
Gently the Commissioners for
warded an additional 81 million
in supplemental requests, to
bring the total to about $148
million.
Commissioner Spencer pro-
vided a cheering note by report
ing that the Commissioners now
find revenues higher than had
been estimated earlier.
Bigger Surplus Seen.
In consequence, he told the
subcommittee, the estimated sur
plus at the end of the next fiscal
year, on the basis of the present
spending plan, had been in
creased from Sill million to $4.4
million. He said this calcula-
ton as to the Districts general
fund had been approved by the
Federal Budget Bureau April /.
Such a surplus, however, some
officials said, will be eaten up
quickly If Congress grants some
of the pressing demands for
extra money for a variety of
justifiable needs.
The Commissioners told the
subcommittee District govern.
ment reorganization was pro-
ceeding and that the basic plan
should be finished on schedule
by July /. Under reorganiza-
ton, "a District agencies and
units are to be streamlined into
some Is departments. Already,
the Commissioners said, action
has been taken to realign %
units.
Economy Aim Stressed.
Commissioner Spencer told the
subcommittee the Commissioners
regarded the planned budget as
an economical one. He submitted
financial data to show that all
four separate funds would end
the next year with some sur
pluSes.
Testimony was given this
morning by Corporation Counsel
Vernon E. West, Arthur L. Pill
kerton. accounting officer; James
L. Martin. finance officer:
Schuyler Lowe, director of gen.
eral administration, and by
spokesmen for the zoning COM
mission.
After listening to city officials
during the day, the Wilson SUBJ
committee will hear citizen pleas
at night sessions, to be held in
the caucus room of the old
House Office Building. Scores of
public witnesses already have
been listed.
Spokesman for various groups
are to be heard tonight on the
budget in general. Tomorrow
nights hearing is to be devoted
more specifically to schools, rec
reation and the library. The
prime questions Thursday night
are to concern police, fire, health,
hospitals and welfare.
Evening star., 1953-05-05

gress on Foreign Aid. Po9e Az
the appropriation, while Secre-
tary of State Dulles led a parade
of cabinet officials teStifying to
the need for a continuation of
the overseas program.
The sum sought is $1.772 bill
lion less than the foreign aid
estimate in the budget submitted
in January by former President
Truman.
Can't Afford to Relax.
Proposing to allot $5,25O,000,-
900 for weapons and other direct
defensive measures and $3.50
million for technical economic
and developmental purposes,
Gen. Eisenhower warned, I'VE
cannot afford to relax our de-
fenses until we have seen clear,
unmistakable evidence of gen.
timely peaceful purpose on the
part of the Soviet Union"
The President stressed that
more must be done in the Far
East and that new aid is to be
given the French and associated
states in the Indo-China area.
Gen. Eisenhower said the fig
ure goes to Congress after care
full study and added:
-"Unequivocally I can state
that this amount of money judi
ciously spent abroad will add
much more to our Nations ulti-
mate security in the world than
would an even greater amount
spent merely to increase the size
of our own military forces in
being"
Dulles Warns on Cut.
Secretary Dulles told a joint
Senate-H House Committee that
developments good or bad" may
make it unnecessary or impru-
dent to spend all of this new
authorization. On the other
hand, he warned it would be
dangerous not to have available
at least the sums requested.
II believe that if we have
erred. we have erred on the side
of asking for too little rather
than for too much" Mr.. Dulles
added.
"The reduction is not as great
as many of us would like to see,
having regard to the need to
balance the budget, to restabilize
our currency and, eventually, to
reduce taxes" Mr.. Dulles said.
THE reduction is, however, as
great as. in our judgment, can
be reconciled with the essential
security of the United States"
Others who took the stand to
back up Mr.. Dulles were: Mu-
tual Security Director Stassen,
Defense Secretary Wilson and
Treasury Secretary Humphrey.
Just back from Western Eu-
rope, Mr.. Wilson testified that
the defense ministers of the
NATO countries were unanimous
in the conviction that nothing
could be derived from recent de-
velopments in Russia to justify
any lessening of the defense
buildup by the North Atlantic
Community.
The total of $5,828, 100000
was broken down by the Secre-
tary of State as follows:
Military aid to all parts of
the world, $4,O24, ,523, 900; for de-
(See FOREIGN AID, Page A-2D
Evening star., 1953-05-05
Trade Board Rewards
District Builders

THE BEST BUILDINGS-The Boord
Of Trode makes owords onnuoIIy TO
the buildings and houses which. in its
opinion, improve the appearance Of
the city most. For list and pictures
Of this years owords see story on
Pose B-l.
A LABOR CHAMPION PASSES
chompion Of labor and New Deol lesis-
Iotion, former Senator Robert 2. Wos-
ner is decd in New York. The detoils
ore on Poee A-l0.
Evening star., 1953-05-05
Opposes Move
To Cut Off All
Trade With Reds
By the Associated Press

Secretary of State Dulles
sharply challenged today the
view that friendly and Allied
nations should be pressured to
cut off all trade with Com
munist nations.
Mr.. Dulles said in testimony
prepared for a congressional
committee hearing on the mu-
tual security program that there
are many forces at work within
the United States which would
result in a further abdication
of leadership"
Among those forces he listed
"thoSe who would seek to impose
upon our friends and Allies ad-
ditional restrictions upon their
trade with the Communist world
even in terms of non-strategic
articles"
While Mr.. Dulles carefully
chosen words made no reference
to Senator Mccarthy, Republl-
can, of Wisconsin, he expressed
his view on the subject of Red
trade a day after Senator McCar-
thy abruptly broke off hearings
on the issue with the demand to
know what Mr.. Dulles thought
about banning all allied trade
with Red China.
AT Odds With Two Officials,
Senator Mccarthy had said he
did not believe two officials who
testified before his Government
Operations subcommittee that
the United States does not now
fovor fiat ban on all such trade.
The two officials were John M.
Leddy, Acting Deputy Assistant
Secretary of State for Economic
Affairs and Kenneth r. Hansen,
deputy to Mutual Security Di-
rector Stassen. Senator McCar-
thy told Assistant Secretary of
State Thruston B. Morton to get
"a clear-cut statement" on the
Red China trade issue from Mr..
Dulles.
Il am not going to take any
more testimony from this wit
ness" shouted Senator Nc
Carthy, until I get Mr.. Dulles
assurance that he is speaking for
the State Department"
Dulles Argument.
The passage of Mr.. Dulles
testimony bearing on the issue
posed by Mccarthy was this:
Many countries which have
always looked to the Western
world, and particularly the United
States as the source of greatest
power, both moral and material,
are beginning to wonder whether
the center of power has not
shifted from Washington to Mos
cow. Even in the Western world
there are non-Communist ele-
ments ready and eager to take
power upon a platform of ap-
peasement of Soviet communism,
or at least benevolent neutrality
toward Soviet communism.
"At this juncture there are
many forces at work within the
United States which would re-
suit in a further abdication of
leadership. There are those who
would sharply raise our tariff.
There are those who would
sharply cut foreign aid. There
are those who would seek to i'm
pose upon our friends and allies
additional restrictions upon their
trade with the Communist world
even in terms of non-strategic
articles. There are those who
would sharply cut the military
contributions of the United
States to NATO North Atlantic
Treaty Organization) and other
alliances.
IF these things happen, then
the United States will be isolated
and in the greatest danger Of its
entire history"
Evening star., 1953-05-05
Guide for Reoders

Amusem'ts B-l6-l7 Lost, Found -.A-3
Classified, B-lS-24 Obituory ----A-l0
Comics BIS II Rodio- -Tv ---B-z5
Editorial -----A-S Sports ----A-l5-H
Edit Articles 40 Womon's
oneioi -A-lS.loI Section --B-3-6
Evening star., 1953-05-05
Is NATO Worth 1t?
ItoIy-Up by the Bootstrops,
With Tug From u. S. Economy
Unemployment and overpopuIotion Still Dog
A Nation Facing Crucial Elections in June
BY Crosby S. Noyes
Stor SfuH Correspondent

ROME-Its problem here these days to get any to
talk about anything Mrs Clare Boothe Luce whose
pontment American Ambassador here set off
the greatest spree Roman waggng since the invasion
Visigohs you succeed the experience.
point, is a heartening
Italy has made progress since 1945 than the most
Evening star., 1953-05-05
President Asks $5>828 Million
Foreign Aid> Urges Vigilance;
Dulles Hits Mccarthy Views
Soviet Sincerity
Must Be Proved .
Message Says

The Eisenhower administra-
ton today asked Congress for a
foreign aid program of $5.828
billion in new funds for the year
starting July l.
The President sent a special
message to Capitol Hill urging
Evening star., 1953-05-05
Red Air General Dies

MOSCOW. May S (P.-Soviet
newspapers reported today that
Air Force 1t. Gen. Nikolai Buy
anskii. SO, has died after a short
illness.
Evening star., 1953-05-05


900 Chinese Red veterans of the
Korean war had been shifted to
South China not far from the
Tndo- China border.
Wet Mimi forces recently in
vaded the kingdom of Laos. one
Of the three associated states of
1ndo- China, and are threatening
its capital. Conquest Of Laos
could pave the way for a Red at
tack on Thailand. Burma and
other Southeast Asian nations.
Intervention Plans Reported.
Nationalist intelligence identi-
fed the general as Ii Lien PO
and said his deputy commander
was Tu Yu-kwang, another Red
Chinese general. Neither was
further identified.
The same reports claimed that
part Of Red China's ground,
naval and air units on Hainan
Island had been readied to in
tervene in Indo-C China if needed.
The reports added that 1900
"free Thai" troops had been or
ganized by Chinese Reds and
that Wet Mimi forces, aided by
Evening star., 1953-05-05

enLnUSlaSClC WOuId nave Cdreu 20
predict. Along the three primary
lines of Italian foreign policy
European unification, co-opera-
ton and friendship with the
Ninth Of Series
Evening star., 1953-05-05
BY the Assoeioisd Press

TAIPEH, Formosa. May S.
Nationalist Chinese intelligence
reports said today a Chinese Red
general has taken command of
Communist Wet Mini forces in
Indo- China and that $4,000 Chi
nese troops had Joined the rebels.
The reports said the Red gen.
eral was accompanied by Rus
sian advisers.
Earlier today, a Chinese Ma
tionalist news agency said 100,-
Evening star., 1953-05-05

Text of Eisenhower's Message to Con-
eress on Foreign Aid Poee AZ
Evening star., 1953-05-05

An Associated Press Newspaper
Evening star., 1953-05-05

Continued on Page ALA. Col. 81
Evening star., 1953-05-05

Reds Bolster Troops EneireIins outposts
Of loos Royal Copitol. Poee "A
Evening star., 1953-05-05
Day Off for Nom

A holiday from the kitchen may be a
welcome Mothers Day gift for the chief
cook in your house. The Stars food editor.
Violet Faulkner, offers some tips on Page
B-5.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-20

manages the dairy larm Of Mr.
r ass.
IN addition to hl All Cluo
Work. MIS- oldham has been
vouhg peoples d;r"c.t: Of Sharon
Baptist Church fGr G.X years. and
president Of Rice Elementary
School P-TA for two years. She Is
secretary of the " omans Mis-
sionary Union of Appomattov
Baptist Association. teaches the
intermediate Sunday School Class
Of Sharon Baptist C.lmch and
leads the Girls Auxiliary of
sharon Church
This All Club woIk offers me
50 much satisfaction because YOU
can see you have heIpcl thr c.:.,-
dren. You have given them some
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-20

will be able to give the demon
stration back to her
These Responsibilities are Just
share of her influence with club
members. AS a leac>l OF young
people members OF Rice IA
CLUB turn to Mrs Ouiiam as one
OF their examples to Italn how TO
live a useful, happy. Christian
adult life And she caches chill
dren in areas OF thcn lives teach
crs do not have time to explore.
In all Of these Responsibilities
Mrs. Oldham E,tasucrs up to the
best, according TO Prince Edward
County Extension Workers. She is
CONSCIENTIOUS. helpful, kind and
ambitious III her iii Club work.
Jhey said.
Personality
This year, girls u Rice All
Club have been studying person
atty. which has Included care of
har. teeth, skin and clothes. AT
asst weeks meeting ior A1agch
ihey learned how to wash and
care for WOOL skirts and sweaters.
IN April they viii lcarn how to
select wool skirts and sweaters
when they make OF puy one.
Boys have been concentrating
on safety. this year Reginald
Speir, assistant county agent
works with the boys. al The March
meeting. they talked ABOUT safety
With firearms.
OF course both boys and girls
nave OUTSIDE projects at home
These projects mag include live
stock, sewing. gardening cannlnA
freezing to1ds. crop, and home
and farm work projects With
these projects. they learn how TO
keep records. budget money, anu
compete with othe. Al Club
members IN county. district. sthte
and national contests.
AS an example OF one Of these
projects. Mrs Oldham told abbut
the work of her daughter. Judlu
Ann. who had chickens fJt
project. last year ouc sofa
ana made about $50 toward
college education with This plhi
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-20

ect. Judith Ann is an eighth
grade student at Farmville High
School, this year
When Mrs. Oldham added Ali
Club work to her schedule. it was
4 matter Of adding more work
TO an already busy schedule. Mis-.
Oldham is active in cnul en-, com
nunity. and schoJi affairs.
A native of DiCkCl son county,
she is TIE daughter OF S. j. I.
Powers. owner Of Il beef and
honey farm. She Is uaincd
nurse. VINO studied Il, ST. Thomas
Hospital IN Nashville, Tenn.
Other Service
Mr. and Mrs. Ooham moved
from Johnson City, Tenn. seven
.eats ago. 20 the tai.n Of w. 2.
Bass. near Rice MI Oldham
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-20

teer worker is Mrs. " A Oldham
adult leader Of Rice All CLUB for
the past two years, II is MIS-
Odham's opportunity to put into
practice III The lives OF between
80 and 40 Elementary School stu
dents. each year, The All Club
Pledge y pledge NY head to
clearer thinking M heart to
greater loyalty. my hands to
larger service, and my health to
better living for my cllD. my COM
munity. and my country"
Il have always beeA interested
IN working with yonnG people. :"
Mrs 0 dham said II IS neglect
of young people in many areas Of
their lives that StnrtG this inter-
est in me
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-20
Hd1Uesi In I-H Club Work
Rich For Volunteer Leader

bulll on foundation Of volun-
teer leaders. All Club work re-
aects the personality. ambition,
hopes and faith of these leaders
1t has been long recognized by
The Virginia Extenslon Service
ana us personnel That the ef-
1ectlveness of All Cups depends
On a corps of hundreds Of faith
1ul. conscientious. volunteer work
ers.
VINO are these voicnteer work
efs VINO give many hours of tnei:
Tune each month 10 All CLUB
work? What is the faith that
these workers have 70 give many
OF their precious hours to this
kind of work?
one example Of such volun-
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-20

Through her Al Club work.
Mrs. Oldham said. 1T is neglect
give young people some thing
that they can Use III their every
day lives,
Teach child some thing that
Will come back to n.in in later
years and be uSefu! to him" she
SAID.
All Club Duties
What axe Mrs Ounam's re-
Sponsibilities toward tie Rice All
Club?
Typical of duties Of hundreds Of
other volunteer All Club workers.
her responsibilities include plan
ming years work for gul members
of the club. beinG present at
meetings to help ana advise both
girl and boy members. assembling
information ana materials to
teach the children, p'anning and
helping with All Clup activities
outside of legular All Club meet
ingS. and teaching The girls at
least one lesson at each monthly
meeting Vel enough that they
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-20

thing that they can use
time Mrs oldham Safe
Mrs. Oldham gives hel
All Club work, but the
Evening star., 1953-07-27
Business Hopes Korea Truce
Won't Coincide With Letdown

Wages, as a whole, have been
climbing.
The total value of goods and
services is running at an annual
rate of 1858 billion, compared
with 1924 billion in 1850, the
year the Korean fighting broke
out.
Personal income-Wages, SAL
aries, dividends, rents-is run
ming at an annual rate of around
$285 billion, compared with 1926
billion in 1850.
Out of this consumers are now
spending at an annual rate of
more than 1926 billion, COM
pared to personal consumption
expenditures of $194 billion in
1850.
Consumer spending, therefore e,
far overshadows the same $45-
billion military spending rate,
and is the real bulwark of busi-
ness prosperity.
Industrial production has
scared from 1879 per cent of
the 1859 average at the time
the Korean war started to
around 241 per cent at mid-year.
Greatly expanded industrial ca
pacity, plus a high rate of opera
tion, accounts for the striking
increase.
Chief Business Worries.
But business has some worries.
Here are the major ones:
Commodity prices in general
have tended to be weak for more
than a year now. Surpluses have
replaced shortages. Steel and a
few other metals are bout all
that's hard to get these days.
Total business inventories are
now around $78 billion, record
high. When the war started they
were only $54 billion. True, to-
days inventories are not out of
line now with increased sales.
The worry comes if sales should
turn downward with the truce.
Then, high inventories could be-
come a burden.
The Korean War set off a
Evening star., 1953-07-27
Prisoners
Continued From First Page)


%. Marine Col. James C. Murray
spoke for the Allies and North
Korean Col. Lee Pyong II for
the Reds.
The U. N. said that about T.
800 North Koreans and $500
Chinese captives will be turned
over to the Neutral Nations Re
patriation Commission. These
prisoners have renounced Com
muniSm and do not want to re-
turn to their homelands.
800 Allies Per Day.
The Communists said yeSter-
day they would return 800 pris-
oners q day, including sick and
wounded. They did not give
the number of disabled men they
still hold.
The U. N. command informed
the Reds they will turn back
the Communists captured at the
rate of 2,400 able-bodied pris-
oners daily, plus $50 sick and
wounded each day until all the
disabled are released. The al
lies said they hold about 5000
sick and wounded in q. N.
camps.
The allied staff officers, how
ever, told the Reds the figures
"are approximate but may be
used for planning purposes"
The truce document requires
that all prisoners desiring to re-
turn home be exchanged within
so days after the signing.
Evening star., 1953-07-27

war should be the first step in
bringing peace to all Asia and re-
laxing cold war tensions through
out the world. If the master
minds in the Kremlin really pull
the strings on the Red Chinese
government at Peiping, and If
the Kremlin wants to push its
peace offensive by diplomatic ac-
ton, the Korean truce may be
the forerunner of many historic
readjustmentS in Communist
Western world relations.
But no one this side of the
Iron Curtain knows the state of
relations between Russia and Red
China. Many informed officials
doubt that Russia does pull the
strings, or that China's Red
rulers accord the same esteem to
Premier Malenkov that they held
for the late Joseph Stain.
If this is true, it could lead to
trouble between Peiping and
Moscow. For Moscow is more
accustomed to dictate to SateI-
lite governments than to treat
them as equals.
Evening star., 1953-07-27
Aggressors Punished, Secretary Dulles Says

and has marshalled force to
meet force. The aggresSor, at
first victorious, has been re-
pulsed. The armistice leaves
him in control of less territory
than when his aggression be-
gan, and that territory is
largely wasted.
The North Korean Army is
virtually extinct, the Chinese
and Korean Communist armies
have sustained about 2 million
casualties, and of the 10 mil
lion people of North Korea,
one out of every three has died
from the war ravages and the
inhuman neglects which their
rulers have imposed. These
tragic results will surely be
pondered by other potential
nominees for aggresSion-by-
satellite. All free nations,
large and small, are safer to-
day because the ideal of COL
lective security has been i'm
plemented and because awful
punishment has been visited
upon the transgressors.
In this hour, we welcome
also the triumph of the prln-
ciple of political asylum. Many
of the North Korean and Chi
neSe prisoners of war want
hereafter to live in freedom.
The Communists stubbornly
insisted that these prisoners
must be forcibly returned. Now
that demand is abandoned. No
prisoners will be returned
against their will. They may
choose freedom. The conse-
quences of this decision run
far beyond Korea. The Com
munist rulers now know that
if they wage another war of
aggression, those who unwill-
ingly serve in the Red armies
can escape to freedom, conf
dent that they will never be
handed back. Thus the Red
armies become less depend
able as instruments of ag-
greSsion and the chance OF
aggression is correspondingly
reduced,
Evening star., 1953-07-27
1900 of Indio's
Crack Troops Will
Guard Prisoners
BY the Associated Press

NEW DELHI, India, July 27.
"A Defense Ministry spokesman
said yesterday an all-India con-
tingent about 1000 strong, rep
resenting a dozen famous fight
ing units, will be assembled and
sent to guard prisoners at Pan
munjom.
The spokesman declared pres
ent plans provide for four bat
talions, each of 800 men to be
drawn fro mthe turbaned and
bearded Sikh regiment, the
hardy North Indian Jat regi-
ment, Maratha Light Infantry,
Rajputana Rifles and other crack
units Of the Indian Army. Nearly
1000 men will also be needed to
maintain vehicles, handle sup
plies and operate communica-
tions but the remainder will be
infantrymen. the spokesman
stated.