davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-12-26
Morally the Right Thing

A constructive and realistic report on United
States participation in technical cooperation
programs has been made to Harold E. Stassen,
Director of Foreign Operations, by the Interna-
tional Development Advisory Board.
Headed by Eric Johnston, the 12-memper
board summed up its point of view in four rec
concentrations: Cd That the Government
United Nations programs "as long-range part
of United States foreign policy and that the
planning and budgeting for such programs
should be on long-range basis; (2) that
expenditures for such programs should be con-
sidered as ordinary and necessary business
expenditures and not as give-aways; 60 that
private voluntary organizations, private enter
prise and educational institutions should be
mobilized in support; az that periodic reports
should be made public on the cost, operation
and achievements of the programs.
In one succinct paragraph the board defines
in terms of American history and accom-
plishment what technical cooperation" really
means. It says:
Technical cooperation is but catch
name for the principles and the techniques
with which the immigrant from Europe built
a world in this country. Every frontier
settlement was based on the sharing Of knowl-
edge and on helping ones neighbor. 1t prac-
ticed Self-improvement through using the
knowledge accumulated in the settled areas,
adapting it to new conditions. applying it to
the point where the settlement itself
became capable of rendering technical assist
ance to yet newer settlements farther on.
Technical cooperation is but another name
for our unique history and unique achieve
ment. It has brought us to the point where.
with but per cent of the world area and
per cent of the population, we produce over 40
per cent of the worlds manufactured goods and
are therefore in position to project tech
ncal assistance beyond our own boundaries.
While noting that technical cooperation is
a relatively low-cost program-calling for less
than per cent of our foreign aid budget in
fiscal 1954-the board emphasized throughout
its summary the vital Importance of local
responsibility in the host countries. No project
should be undertaken, 1t cautioned, in which
1t cannot be determined in advance that the
host country will eventually be able to take over,
and technical assistance should be given only
as long as necessary to accomplish this objec-
equal ours and increase steadily in proportion.
There is danger, the board added that technical
assistance may become a fad in some areas"
fully qualified to handle their own development
projects.
In substance, therefore, the board is giving
strong Endorsement to the principle of technical
cooperation, accompanied by equally strong
counsel that this form of aid must contain
safeguards against extravaganza and incompe-
tent administration. It should, in brief, be a
sharing Of skills rather than of money. AS
such it can indeed become politically, econom-
ically and morally the right thing to do"
Evening star., 1953-12-26
By Charles E. TroceweN

liked eggs, and wanted every one to
taste them at their peak of perfection.
The egg, when right (and it is pretty
terrible and dangerous when it is not)
is such delicate affair that nothing
should be added to it, except little
sprinkle of salt at the exact time of
eating.
Yes, there are many additions, but
really they add very little, and all tend
to spoil that fine taste the egg eater
loves.
Those unhappy and unfortunate per-
sons who must smother a poached egg
beneath veritable layers Of salt and
pepper are to be pitied.
One day we were watching man in
restaurant. He had two poached
eggs and was sprinkling them with
condiments.
He had an enormous salt shaker, with
large openings, and he shook this Is
times over each egg Each shake was
really throw, made with strong pull
of the wrist.
Then he took an equally enormous
pepper shaker and subjected the eggs
to the same ceremony, 16 times per
sort.
When he had finished. the eggs were
black, and undoubtedly the complete
and wonderful flavor was completely
lost.
Well, that is one way to eat them,
but 1t is pretty poor way.
Evening star., 1953-12-26

n1its quicker deliveries on contracts. Lower
wage scales help in underbidding British and
American rivals and favorable financing terms
are being offered to customers result is high
employment which would be even more uniform
II the continuing stream of refugees from East
Germany were not creating work problem.
Although this West German competition
obviously cuts into the foreign trade activities
of such other nations as Britain and France,
the industrial and economic vitality of the Fed
eral Republic does add to the overall strength
of the West European community. In effect,
areas Of strength more than Offset areas of rel
ative weakness. The net result is on the IA
vorable side.
Evening star., 1953-12-26
Low Cost Health Security

The st. Louis meeting of the Ameri-
can Medical Association did not sup
port President EiSenhower'S dynamic
forward-looking legislative program. It
opposed his proposed extension of So
cial Security to include coverage of
physicians. Our ANA must know that
discriminatory provisions pertaining to
the general welfare, creates costly
bureaucracy to certify or challenge
eligibility. Our ANA urged continued
action to obtain passage of the Bricker
amendment. How will straight jacketing
our President in conducting foreign
policy improve the public health? And
it was an administration spokesman
agreeing with our ANA, who killed all
hope of low cost, Self-help against the
bankrupting cost of childbearing and
catastrophe illness. DR.. Chester Keefer
of the Department of Health, Educa-
ton and Welfare declared: "The volun-
tary way has been the most successful
in the, past and there is no reason to
believe it will not continue to be in the
future"
The voluntary way consists of non
profit Blue Cross disqualification, Blue
Shield medical service and profit
venture, private insurance plans. The
non profit plans help good risks without
existing disability as long as their illness
is not beyond average. All private
insurance are commercial ventures.
They insure only the safest risks; their
overhead is high; their premiums are
prohibitive for senior citizens; their
promises are deceptive and all too
frequently they default on reasonable
expectation. The know-how of non
profit plans could become State
approved administrators of national
health security insurance. Our Presi-
dent has no duty to profit-motive plans.
In 1853 some 17,76O.O57 patients spent
479,231 1892 days in our hospital system.
No trick of bookkeeping can hide the
fact that one purse eventually pays all
health security bills. 8 1t is also true
that self-help in sharing common
burdens is not socialism. Therefore it
is a reasonable hope and prayer that
President Eisenhower will include pro-
posals for low cost self-help health
security in his State of the Union
message
Thomas E. Mattingly, M. ID.
Evening star., 1953-12-26
Peace

Peace is ,Dord that "passeth under
standing"
Yet simple as Babe tDithir ntdnger.
A child may haze it, but no man COM
mdnding
Can force it-stiH to him peace is a
stranger.
Peace is iDitKin the heart. quiet glotD.
Warm and secure though t0tnter
,Uinlds be rude.
An OF may share 1t, and an ass may
kno1D
The blessings that all humble hearts
include.
Sometimes king, a ,Dise and tDilltng
king.
Is lighted by the star that leads to
peace,
And tolIows to an Infant he tDonld
bring
World treasures to-his hearts JOY
1DiH increase:
For 10, the Bdby's hand In benedtctton
Is raised dbore him. Peace Is con-
pictton.
Alma Roberts Giordon
Evening star., 1953-12-26
All According to Law

There is good reason for qualification in
the surprisingly strong showing which the
newly formed AFL longShoremens union has
made in the New York waterfront election.
The final result will not be known until
some 400 challenged ballots have been counted.
But the AFL union, which some said would be
beaten by 10-to-1 margin: polled 1858 ballots
to 5000 for the racket-ridden International
Longshoremen's Association, which has ruled
the harbor for 63 years.
This is the more remarkable since the
fight to clean up the water front has been
waged against heavy odds. The new union was
established by the AFL only three months ago
after it had evicted the lila for refusing to
clean its own house. Thus, there has been
little time for organizing. Another blow came
when John L. Lewis, embittered foe of the AFL
and its president, George Meany, moved in on
the eve of the election to extend both financial
aid and an aura of reSpectability to the crimi-
nal-controlled lila. For this Mr.. Lewis will not
readily be forgiven by those who are trying to
introduce some element of decency into this
sordid waterfront situation.
There were still more obstacles Four sup
porterS OF the new union were slashed and
beaten. Numerous former convicts, now Of
fcialS of the lila, were present on the street
corners near the polling places. In the face
or all this, 1t is indeed gratifying that nearly
half, and perhaps majority, of the longshore-
men voted for decent union. However, the
opposite side of the coin must be examined.
What shameful spectacle all this becomes
when one remembers that this election, this
solemn procedure which may operate to leave
the waterfront workers as captives of thugs
and criminals is all according to law! What
farce it is when the full authority of the
United States is invoked to give the criminals
and the racketeers in the lila an equal chance
to control and dictate the economic destiny
of thousands of Americans!
Evening star., 1953-12-26
Fuzzy Record

One might get the impression from reading
reports of his testimony that Spruille Braden
has accused the Eisenhower administration of
playing the Communist game and that Senator
Jenner'S subcommittee has concurred in the
Indictment Such an impression, however, would
be wholly erroneous
Mr.. Braden, former Assistant Secretary of
State, testified before the subcommittee in New
York He warned of the danger of Communist
conquest of Latin America, and he told Of his
suspicious, while in the Safe Department, of
such figures as Harry Dexter White, Alger Hiss
and Laurence Duggan. Then he said
The Estate Department. career people
have been discouraged by the blunders and
worse which they never would have COM
mtted Career men of integrity and intelli-
gence after 20 or more years of loyal service
are being Summarily dismissed for reasons of
economy, while the newcomers of dubious
antecedents and ideologies are favored as they
take over our foreign operations.
The committee did not ask Mr.. Braden to
identify any of these newcomers of dubious
antecedentS and ideologies." Consequently, any
one reading the report, as distinguished from
the full text, of his testimony certainly would
think that these dubious newcomers must be
people who have come in under the Republican
administration.
Mr.. Braden has told The Star that this is
not the case-that he was referring to individ-
ualS who entered the diplomatic service long
before the new administration took over. The
subcommittee record will not clearly reflect
this, however, and that is both unfair to the
Eisenhower administration and misleading to
the public. Such faulty impressions could be
avoided If congressional committees, whenever
a witness uses such a ageneralized term as new
comers of dubious antecedentS," would press
him for names, dates and places.
Evening star., 1953-12-26
Tax Reduction

When tax reduction established by
Congress becomes effective, the admin
istration starts planning for new taxes
to replace the expected reduction in
revenue.
Why can't they realize that the rea-
son for the reduction established by
the previous Congress was the self
evident fact that taxes have passed
the point of diminishing returns?
Taxes already are strangling business.
A reasonable program of tax reduction
in easy steps-in all tegories-would
actually increase revenue by enabling
the wheels of producing business
to turn more freely.
GoOsetOwn GrOwIer.
Evening star., 1953-12-26
End of Beriu


affairs, can do little more than make guesses in
connection with the grim story of Lavrenti p
Beria. AS far as precise facts are concerned,
there is nothing available beyond what the
Kremlin itself has said, and what the Kremlin
has said is certainly about as murKy and unbe-
nevable as anything could be.
The story, as the Kremlin has told 1t, is
this: Beria, who was for long time chief of
RuSSia'S dread secret police and who was sec
ond In command to Premier Malenkov for some
months after Stains death, has just been exc
cuted Together with six of his associates, he
has been shot dead for high treason after hav-
ing confessed" and been found guilty at
secret trial before the Soviet Supreme Court,
which in this instance-signiicantly enough
was headed by Marshal Konev, an outstanding
military hero of the u. S. S. r. and very big
wheel in the Red army.
Beria'S treason-again according to the
Kremlin-began as far back as 1919, but it was
not uncovered until last July, when he was
arrested while still consolidating his power as
No. man in the poSt-Stalin triumvirate headed
by Malenkov, with Foreign Minister Molotov in
third place. The treason-continuing over
period of more than 80 years, during which,
Beria received the highest Soviet honors-took
the form of a conspiracy calculated, among
other things, Q) to stir up strife among Russia's
various nationalities, ~ to create difficulties
by sabotaging the collective farm program, 90
to undermine the country's industrial progress,
"a to use his secret-police power in order to
place himself above the Communist Party and
government, and 60 to wreck the Marxist way
of life and restore capitalism and bourgeois
control to the U.S.S.R.
What is an uniformed outsider to think of
all this? Why the secret trial? Why was not
Beria-who actually may have been killed at
the time of his arrest in July-allowed to tes-
tify in public? Why no open propaganda show
like the one staged for the terrible Soviet blood
purge in the late 193Os? Why was Konev, top
military commander, chosen to head the court?
Was the whole business concocted to demon
strate that the Red Army is the dominant
force in the USS.R.? Or was it contrved
primarily to create a scapegoat for Russia's
internal troubes-a villain who could be
blamed for the country's agricultural and
industrial ills?
These are questions that must remain in
the realm of speculation as long as the Iron
Curtain exists. Nevertheless, although they
cannot be answered knowingly at this time,
they serve to remind everybody that there is
no political legitimacy in the Soviet system
There is only the law of cannibalS devouring
their kind, the law of survival of the fittest
the law of gangster rubbing out his rivals for
mastery of the gang. Today it is Beria who goes
down. Tomorrow-who knows?-it may be Mol
otov, or Malenkov himself, who will get the
same sort of treatment. All that an outsider
can be sure of is that he is fortunate to live in
the free world instead of in the Soviet Union.
Evening star., 1953-12-26
School Segregation
j. Arnold.

In Alexandria, School Superintendent
Williams poses problem if integration
is ordered by court fiat. AS result of
segregation, children of the same grade
level in colored schools are about two
grades of achievement below white
children. Even our Washington schools
when tested have shown a similar
disparity. This is one of the bases of
argument against segregation. In cities
where non-segregated education takes
place" all children reach grades depen-
dent upon individual capacities and
abilities.
When, however, teachers operate
under like conditions of class size, equal
facilities and the same outlook on op-
portunities for life work in the COM
munity, we predict there will be little
or no test results attributable to racial
characteristics.
E. b. Henderson.
Evening star., 1953-12-26
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

Dy ITIE ftAON1N 0ENVIOEs
@. How large a fortune did Queen
Mary leave?-C. L. D.
A. The late British queens estate
amounted to 406,407 pounds ($1.137,-
939) gross, and 379,864 pounds net.
@. Have any sounds actually been
heard around the world?-W. z.
A. Within historic times there have
been several, according to scientists.
One was the explosion Of the island of
Krakatao in August, 1888; others were
the falls of great meteorites like the
one which fell in Siberia in 1908.
Evening star., 1953-12-26

LratlOn mas CAUSED CONFUSION, anxiety
and low employe morale.
Concerned.
Program for "a
To those of us who are addicted to
watching the political scene, it is Of
some little comfort to hear the Presi-
dents latest assurance concerning our
domestic and foreign programs. Espe-
cially so now, when even the most
auguring political eye would turn to
the warmth and festivity of the season.
For overs a year anxious minds have
awaited restatement of the campaign
speeches. At last we learn that under
careful guidance of the famous Ike,
Evening star., 1953-12-26

record he totally failed to see one when
such was actually pointed out to him.
A very interesting commentary indeed
on our presidential elections.
Charles A. CarricO.
Evening star., 1953-12-26
On Recognizing q Communist

The papers disclose that Harry S.
Truman has at last revealed some of
the truth. He openly acknowledges that
he would not have known Communist
had he ever seen one. AS matter of
Evening star., 1953-12-26
Questions and Answers

a reader can get the answer to any question
of fact by writing The Evening Star Informs-
tion Bureau. 1900 Eye st., NV, Washington
B., D. c. Please inclose three CD cents for
Evening star., 1953-12-26
st. Louis post-Dispatcb

Fitzpatrick. st. Louis Post st-Dispatch
'We're Conferring Now on a Program"
our Government will propose nothing
to Congress that Is in the disinterest
of the Nation. Self-interest, the infalli-
BILE yardstick of all activity, is to meas
ure our every act.
j. Arnold.
Evening star., 1953-12-26
Letters to The Star. !.

tration has caused confusion, anxiety
and lnu aYaYalnun r,nnroln
Evening star., 1953-01-24
Take NV Word for 1t >, f,e"1 Cob,

Las Vegas: Did you hear the an
nouncer on a national network
speak of removing the i-RIT-n'ts,
but not the flavor (from q Gig
arette) "?MrS. J. D.
Answer: Yes, but he corrected
his pronunciation In the next sem
tence. In the limited time allotted
to reading commercials on radio
and TV, it Is inevitable that the
announcer win '.fluff' q word now
and then, though I should like to
observe that this happens very
rarely.
Syracuse: Is 1t correct to speak
Of an "anti- PERSS-pi-r'nt' for
anti-perspirant?
Answer: can find no diction-
ary sanction for that pronuncia-
ton. All dictionaries list per-
SPIRE;; per-SPY-rlh-bl;; per-
SPY-ruh- n OE-rEE; per spy
r'nt. And ANN-tee-per-SP PY-r'nt
does suggest the word 'perspire'
more strongly than does -PERSS-
pi-r'nt.
(Note. The pronunciation press
PRE- is erroneous and dialectal.
Avoid it. The first syllable Of
perspire, and all its derivatives,
Is per-, not pre-
Sacramento: A book I an read-
Evening star., 1953-01-24
~--...-.--.--
u-n---.,i.-..-a..-....-s.uu.s
Natures Children

tiny crustaceans such as the
frisky waterfleaS. The fleas serve
as food for small fish resident in
the pond. That. is how the chain
Is set up and runs.
The principle reason the algaes
are 80 vital to aquatic hahitats
Is that they possess the ability to
make their own food from the
raw material about them. The
food making process IS dependent
on the pigments contained with
In the protOplasrn. or "living stliff''
OF the cell. These pigments per-
NIT the plant cell to capture the
suns energy for the foOd-making
process, called photosynthesis.
You discover that the scientific
grouping Of the algae rests upon
two features; first, the kinds Of
pigments present and the method
lOf oduction.
In Yosemite four classes Of algae
were discovered by ranger f1atu-
ralist, Sol A. Karlin. The blue
green algae; the red algae the
Ciatonls and the green.
Little study has been made 81
the cryptOgams, or woodworking
plants Of Yosemite. Among this
primitive group you find the
mOsses, fungi nchens and liver
Evening star., 1953-01-24

ing speaks Of "orgiastic revels." !"
What does "orgiastic" mean? -
L. L. T.
Answer: Orgiastic is the adjec-
tive form of orgy: "Of, pertaining
to, or Of the nature Of orgies:
characterized by orgies" Orgiastic
is pronounced: awr-jee-ASS-tik:
orgy IS: AWR-jee.
Pittsburgh: After my employer
finished dictatinng the other day,
he asked me to do three Of the
letters in "novenary." I finally
learned that he wanted nine copies
of the three letters, but I've never
heard the word before Secre-
tary.
Answer: It's unusual, but q per-
fectly good word. Novenary means
"of or pertaining to nine; q set
of nine" Pronounce It: NAHv-
uh-NAIR-ee.
Chicago: About a year ago you
had in your column word which
means color blindness" Will you
give it again, please? Mrs. q. K.
Answer: The words achroma-
topsia, pronounced: ak-kruh-muh-
TOP-see-ui1.
Distributed ~ McNsusht ssndisats. Ine.1
Evening star., 1953-01-24
BY LiIlion Cox Athey

worts also the algae In fascinat-
ing locations. Under q magni-
flying glass you can identify each
one. They remind you Of bac-
terra.
There are several excellent books
on algae, one Of which Is q refer
ence book. It is q. N. Smiths
standard work on the freshwatel
algae Of the United States. Nc
pond scum win be uninterestino
to you after discovering how vital
these plants are to the busy resi-
dents Of the pond.
Evening star., 1953-01-24
ALGAE FLORA

In towering plants, we admire
structure, beauty Of coloring and
frliitage, but we pass by the nom
Towering plants without second
glance. unmindful Of the import
ant part they play In nature.
Few realize how important
simple plants are to the, life In
the pond. # all plant life Of the
pond should suddenly depart. the
food chain would be broken and
animal life would perish.
Even though algae are simple
plants, they hold q key position
IN the balance Of nature In aqua
tic environments. The protozoans,
those microscopic one-celled ami
mails, consume great amount Of
the pond scums. And the proto-
zoans become the main food of
Evening star., 1953-01-24
A One-Minute Test of You
Ne1Ds Knowledge
NEWS QUIZ
By Tom Henry

I. POST-What university
president has been named
United States high commits
sioner to Germany?
2. POLIO-A total Of ST.
626 cases of polio in the
United States was reported
for last year. How does this
compare with other years?
3. OFFER-What $4,000
a-year Government official
has turned down a 10-year
contract at 500, 600 q year
as head of the international
Boxing Club.
4. DISTAFF - Who was
chosen woman athlete Of
the year" for 1858?
s. QUOTE TO what did
w. Averell Hartman refer
when he said: eft has
strengthened allies, ready
and willing to stand with us
on the threatened frontiers
of freedom?
Answers.
/. DR.. James Bryant Co
nant of Harvard University.
2. This sets a record; previ-
Gus high was 42.033 in 1949.
3. j. Edgar Hoover, director
of the Federal Bureau Of In
veStigation. 4. Maureen (Lit-
tie MOI Connally, worlds
best woman tennis player.
5. The foreign economic and
military aid program Of the
Truman administration.
Tom Henry's "Quiz 'Em"
appears every Sunday in
This Week Magazine with
The Star.