davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
Civilians Early Targets
For War, Official Says
BY the AssocIatsd Press

The next war may start at the
stage which brought previous
wars to an end, a civil defense
leader said tonight.
Col. Justice M. Chambers,
planning chief for the Civil De-
Tense Administration, said that
in past wars, enemy forces in the
field had to be destroyed first
and only later were centerS of
production attacked.
Now, he said in a talk over the
American Broadcasting Co. net
work, I'VE face the possibility of
decisive opening attack with
atomic bombs aimed first at
civilian centers of population
and production"
If several American cities were
bombed simultaneously, he said,
the country might not be able to
carry on the war successfully.
America must awake to the
fact" he said, that for the first
time in its history it is exposed
to decisive initial attack. And
that the job of countering such
an attack has to be done at State
and local levels and by civilians.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
BY the Associated Press

INCHON, Korea, Aug. g.
With tears in his eyes. a young
soldier just back from a Com
munist prison camp pleaded to-
day for the return of the body
of his best friend from a burial
ground beside the Yalu River.
HE died during the night
when conditions were bad there
at Pyoktong," said Corpl. Fred
w. Porter, %, of Los Angeles.
THE others. took him across
a little inlet in the Yalu to the
place we buried our dead" he
said "One guy who wanted to
become a reverend said a service
over the grave. I didn't go. I
said a prayer at the side of the
building.
(Well call Corpl. Porter's
friend Joe. Censorship for
bids use of his real name.)
Joe saved my life twice be-
fore we were captured" Corpl.
Porter said in an interview. He
was from a little town in Ala
bama. He was 6 foot /. I'm S
foot 4. He called me half pint.
He was just a few months older
than me, but he treated me like
a little brother.
Taught Him How to Fight.
HE taught me everything I
know about fighting on the line.
He was a soft-spoken kid. and
slow talking. He used to tell
me not to get excited"
Corpl. Porter and Joe were in
the same squad in the United
States I'd Division. Joe was cap
tured by the Chinese Commu-
nists at Kunu November Is, 1850.
Corpl. Porter was captured the
next day.
Joe just wasted away in prison
camp. The food was bad-millet
and ground cortland there
wasn't much of it. Joe died in
March. 1851. just when manage
ment of the camp was turned
over from the North Koreans to
the Chinese Reds, and conditions
began to get a little better.
There was a hill across the
inlet. where the prisoners buried
their dead. The hill is in North
Korea, but at the edge of the
Yalu. Corp. Porter said there
are 1,700 on 1,750 Americans
buried there. Other estimates
have run as high as 1000.
Wants Bodies Returned.
my best buddy is over on that
hill today" Corpl. Porter said.
He took out a handkerchief and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09

and messengers is excessive, es-
pecially in Washington and other
cities where major departmental
field offices are maintained.
2. Development of unauthor-
lied programs. The subcommit-
tee charged that numerous I'M
important programs are carried
on by some departments and
agencies with no authorization
from Congress or the President
"other than the desire of some
officials with available money"
Some department and agency
heads have been lax in curbing
the tendencies of bureau and di-
vision chiefs in initiating I'M
authorized programs, the sub
committee said.
3. OvepemphaSiS of defense re-
SpOnSibilitieS. The subcommittee
charged that readiness is the
word universally used by Govern
ment bureaucrats in recent years
to describe the degree of pre-
paredness for any future military
eventuality." 1t asserted that
agency after agency and every
unit thereof has been frantically
engaged in developing it's own
relationship to defense in an
effort to get more money, more
employees, and special prerogative
from the Congress.
T. Splinter organizations. Al
most every department and
agency has created special groups
to carry on special functions.
These special units take the form
Of boards, committees, task
forces and commissions. Many
of these units are unnecessary
and have long ceased their USE
fulness. but they are permitted
to continue, the subcommittee
charged.
5. Internal organizations. The
subcommittee declared that small
cliques of key employees exist in
most agencies and that these
people actually run the person.
mel operations of their bureaus.
They seldom are the kings, but
they are the kingmakerS," the
subcommittee observed, noting
that they are able to get good
jobs for friends of theirs, usually
in the management field. The
operations of these groups tend
to cause dissension and disrup-
ton of employe morale and also
are conducive to overstaffing and
uneconomical utilization of man
power.
6. Staff organization. Too
many specialists are still being
employed on a permanent basis,
the subcommittee declared. It
said REORGANIZATION at the
lower levels of operation con-
tinues at an alarming rate. In
most agencies. neither budget
nor personnel management seems
concerned with this "unwar-
ranted expansion" which results
in the waste of both manpower
and money.
z. Pyramiding. The practice
Of baSing position and pay on
the number of employees super
vised still exists in all depart
ments and agencies. AS a result,
supervisors tend to build up their
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09

stats rather than reduce them,
the report charged.
In it's recommendations the
subcommittee admonished heads
of agencies that they should take
these steps:
Immediately review the Spe-
cial units within their organiza-
tions with a view to their elm
nation.
Analyze the programs for
which they are responsible for
the purpose of eliminating or
consolidating those not author
lied or necessary. This should
also include transfers of neces-
sary but misplaced programs to
other agencies.
Reconsider their agency's po-
sition in the defense picture so
as to reduce or eliminate pro-
grams and functions which have
mushroomed under the fictitious
promotion inherent to the
readiness theory of their bu-
reau chiefs"
Give additional emphasis to
development of better trained
and qualified supervisors and ex-
ecutives.
Instill a profound respect for
efficiency and economy.
Using the agencies own per-
sonnet. make surveys directed to-
ward 1.-The elimination of the
extensive use of specialists, staff
organization and other waste
full practices" Immediate plans
should be made for a complete
management survey to bring the
organization into line with eff
flcient business practices.
Administer personnel programs
efficiently within present laws,
orders and regulations so as. to
eliminate abuses, violations and
questionable treatment of the in
dividual employee. This will re-
quire overcoming "a defeatist at
titude" on the part of some ad-
ministrators and may require
an injection of new blood in po-
sitions of administrative author
ity.
Make recommendations to Con-
greSs for remedial legislation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
Silly Queries No Joke
To Bus EMPLOYEES

by :he ASsocIofed FresS
LAKELAND. Flat sounds
like a vaudeville joke, but people
really do ask that question:
What time does the 10 o'clock
bus leave for Bartow?"
John Mcintosh, bus executive
here, said employees have been in
structed to give a straight answer
to this and other seemingly silly
questions.
More women than men COM
plain to drivers, said Mcintosh.
One of the loudest and most fire.
quent complaints is by the woman
who doesn't like the passenger
ahead of her keeping the window
open. 1t blows her hair around,
and threatens her with a cold.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
The Weather Here and Over the Nation

District and vicinity-ConSid-
cradle cloudineSs today, with
scattered showers. High about
81. Tomorrow, fair and cooler.
Observation-Disclosures and
scattered showers. High. IS to
IS. Cooler tonight, fair and
cooler tomorrow.
Virginia-MoStly cloudy, with
thunderstorms and scattered
showers. Cooler tonight, tomor-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
Civil Service
Continued From First Page.)

that the departments and agen-
cieS can, through a thorough
self-inSpection, make great
contribution toward efficient uti-
lization of manpower by elimi-
mating certain unnecessary oper-
ations and voluntarily working
out the transfer of others to
agencies where they can be more
properly and efficiently admin
iStered."
BY way of illustration, the re-
port said the establishment of the
General Services Administration
has not resulted in a correspond
ing reduction in procurement
operations of the various agen-
cies. 1t asserted every depart
ment and agency is maintaining
some procurement personnel
which is unnecessary and dupli-
eating. 1t also said transporta-
ton facilities for personnel, mail
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
Freed Corporal TeorfuIIy Asks
Body of Buddy Be Returned

brushed it across his moist eyes.
II think you ought to get those
bodies back and take them to
America"
The corporal said some of the
graves have washed away. be-
cause they are so close to the
river. One day, he said, he
helped to bury 26 men on the
hill. Most of them had lost
weight and had dysentery.
I'VE buried them foot to head
and foot to head in a slit trench
about 3 feet deep and so yards
long. We said prayers over
them" he related.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
II. 5. Closes Door
To u. n. Trusteeship
Over Pacific Islands
BY the Associated Press

The United States yesterday
closed the door on any United
Nations trusteeShip over the
American base on Okinawa or
other islands in the strategic
Ryukyu and Bonin chains south
Of Japan.
The action, marking a shift
in U. s. policy, was taken by
Secretary of State Dulles in a
statement at Tokyo announcing
the return to Japan Of one group
Of islands in the Ryukyu system.
Secretary Dulles statement was
released simultaneously in
Washington.
The Ryukyus and Bonins were
taken from Japan by the jap
anese peace treaty of 1851.
TrusteeShip Expected.
The treaty committed Japan
to concur in any proposal of
the United States to the U. N. to
place (the island groups) under
its trusteeship system with the
United States as the sole adj
mlnistering authority"
The treaty also stated that
pending the making of such
a proposal" and its APPROVAL by
the U. NJ, the United States
would have the right to rule the
islands. Until today the under
standing had been that even
tually some kind of U. N. trustee
ship system would be set up
probably parelling the strategic
trusteeShip which the United
States holds over the old League
of Nations inundated islands
which Japan lost in the last war
Now, however, Secretary Dulles
has declared that with respect
to the Ryukyus and Bonins-ex-
cept for the Amami group being
returned to Japan-"it will be
necessary during the present in
ternational tension in the Far
East for the United States to
maintain the degree of control
and authority now exercised"
Due to Political Pressure.
This change of position ap-
parently is due to JapanseS po-
litical pressures and to the stra-
tegic Importance of the Ameri-
can-held Okinawa air base.
State Department officials said
Secretary Dulles statement
meant that during the period OF
tensions" the United States
would not propose a U. N. trus-
teeship. officials said it was
highly unlikely that the United
States ever would propose such
a trusteeship.
With a strategic" U. N. trus-
teeship over the islands, the
United States would have vir-
tually unlimited control over the
area, being allowed to fortify
the islands and exclude any Wis
itors, even representatives OF
U. N.
The U. N. Security Council,
however. must approve the
granting of strategic" trustee
ships. 1t can be assumed that
under present world conditions,
the Soviet Union would veto any
such trusteeShip that the United
States might now propose.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
Dulles Coming Back
After Two Strategic
Moves in Earl East
By the As,oeinfed Pres,

TOKYO, Sunday, Aug. g.
United States Secretary of State
John Foster Dulles leaves today
for Washington after making
two strategic moves to strengthen
the free worlds position in the
Far East.
In South Korea yesterday he
initiated a mutual security pact.
1t pledges United States troops
will fight again in Korea if the
Reds violate the armistice and
strike south. The agreement
also provides that both coun-
tries will walk out of the Ko-
rean political conference after
go days if the Communists do
not get down to brass tacks in
discussions on a Korean truce.
Wants to Give Up Islands.
In Tokyo last night Mr.. Dulles
revealed the United States de-
sire to relinquish the Amami
Oshima group of islands near
OkinaWa. major United States
base in the Pacific. The islands
were taken from Japan after
World War II.
Observers viewed the move as |
an attempt to drive a wedge be-
tween Japan and Russia, which
is trying to WOO this country
into signing a peace treaty.
The 100000 inhabitants of
Amami OShima have clamored
for return to japanese juriSdic-
ton. The government is expected
to act quickly on the United
States offer and accept it. The
diet (parliament) last December
passed a resolution asking re-
turn Of the islands.
A similar move to regain lost
Islands is under way in Japan
aimed against the Russians.
Expelled From Islands.
The japanese were expelled
from several small islands of
the Kuriles group that extends
from Hokkaido, Japan'S north
ernmoSt island, to Siberia. The
KurileS were given to the Soviet
Union at the Yalta conference of
allied leaders in World War II.
A treaty between Czarist Rus
STA and Japan, before the Russo
japanese war in 1904-05. defined
the Kuriles only as extending
north of Etorofu and Kunashiri
and also the Habomai group.
But after World War II Rus |
STA occupied these islands. Eto-
rofu is the site of the big naval
port of Hitokappu (Tankan) |
from which the japanese task |
force that hit Pearl Harbor de-
parted. 1t also has several air
fields now used by the Soviets.
Russian and American fighters |
tangled last February near the |
Habomai group.
Strengthens U. S. Relations.
The decision on Amami Osh-
Ina was looked upon as strength
ening United States relations
with Japan. And it left Rus
STA with another problem-to
decide what stand it will take
with regard to Japan's island
demands in the north.
Mr.. Dulles met last night with
Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida
and Foreign Minister Katsuo
Okazaki.
Details Of the talks were not
disclosed.
But Mr.. Dulles said on his
arrival here from Korea that he
was here to talk over matters
of common concern, both relat-
ing to Japan and to the free
world position in the Far East,
where Japan plays so important
q part"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
RuiI-Stution Menue
Easier for Foreigners

COBLENZ, Germany. - For
the convenience of foreign trav-
elers in Germany, menus in the
main railroad station dining
rooms in Coblenz, Hamburger AL
tona, Mannheim, and Stuttgart
are now being printed in Eng
lish, French, and the Scandi-
navian languages, in addition to
German.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
East German Official
Reported 0usted for
Appeasinq Workers


BERLIN, Aug. 8.-EaSt Ger
many's Acting Foreign Minister
Anton Ackermann has been fired
for supporting a policy of ap-
peasement for rebellious workers.
the United States State Depart
ment's Neue Zeitung said to-
! night.
The merican controlled
newspaper said Education Min
lister Else Zaisser, whose hus-
band Wilhelm was dismissed as
Red Gestapo chief last month.
would be ousted in the near flu
ture.
Neue Zeitung said Acker-
manns custer was pushed
through by his Communist enc
my, Deputy Premier Walter u
BRIGHT, at a secret meeting of the
East German cabinet earlier this
week.
Predecessor Jailed as Spy.
Frail, sickly Ackermann took
over the foreign ministry last
January when his predecessor,
George Dertinger, was jailed as
a Western spy"
After the June II revolt of
two million East German work.
ers, Ackermann Joined State
Security Minister Wilhelm zais-
ser in an abortive move to
strip Upright of his Communist
Party control. The two dissidents
argued that Upright must go in
order to appease the still mutt
nous working class.
Last month Upright forced
Zaisser from the government and
expelled him from the Politburo.
He also removed Ackermann
from the list of Politburo
candidates.
Was Absent from Office.
Ackermann made his last pub
lie appearance at a meeting of
the Volkskammer (parliament)
July 80. West Berlin sources re-
ported yesterday that he had
been absent from his Office five
days, but could not confirm
whether he had been dismissed
or had fallen ill.
Neue Zeitung said Frau Zaisser
would continue briefly as educa-
ton minister because the cabinet
wanted to avoid appearing to
punish her for her husband S
party misdeeds. But the cabinet
has decided she must be removed
them" the paper added.
1t case no light on the fate
of former Justice Minister Max
Fechner. who was jailed after
the June revolt as IAN enemy
of the republic" and is held
incommunicado.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
Calcutta Police Phones

Telephone = equipped police
boxes are to be placed at i'm
portant intersections in Calcut-
ia, India, to enable prompt
emergency calls to headquarters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09

Record Temperatures This Year.
Highest. 90. on July 80
Lowest. %. on March 2.
High and Low Of Last "a Hours.
High. 80. at pm.
Low, 20, at 6:15 am,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09

row fair and cooler.
Wind = Southerly about Is
niles per hour.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09

mostly fair the Nation except for showers
thundeStOrmS in New England the Middle Atlantic
thundershowers likely in the Southeast
States in the Northern Plains slight warming
trend is forecast for the Upper Mississippi Valley.
ZAP WirephOtO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09

tFrom Us Engineers
Potomac River clear at HarperS Ferry
and at Great Falls: Shenandoah clear at
Harpers Ferry
/ Humidity
| tReadings Washington National Airport.
Yesterday Pct.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09

This edition also contains
This Week Magazine OF 20
pages. 14-page comic section
and 20 pages of rotogr1Uure.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09
coast and
The Sun and Moon.

Rises Sets
Sun, today 6:l5 Sill
Sun tomorrow 6:l6 $40
Moon today 6:01 pm. sos pm.
Automobile lights must be turned on
one-half hour after sunset
Precipitation.
Monthly precipitation in inches in the
Capital (current month to datel:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09

Tide Tables.
: TT~fk.l -.
The guardian., 1953-06-06

Lynn: 2 family for $4,000.
Looks like expensive single.
GI-nothing down. After 6:
LY 3-6129.
The guardian., 1953-06-06
BLOCKBUSTERS A.C.
AMAZINGLY ACTIVE

BLOCKBUSTERS A C AMAz.
The youthful athletes with
O'Neil Shannon director - the
BlockbuSters - are forever on
the go. They have already en-
tered six marathon races this
season and have filed entries
for two more races. They were
in the Hyde Shoe A. A, road
race, u miles. March %, Cam
bridge; the Cathedral Young
Mems Catholic Association, road
race. 10 miles, April 4, Boston;
the B.A.A. Marathon April 20
Boston, the National Marathon,
as miles, May II, Yonkers, NY;
.NIethuen road race, 10 miles, May
"a, Methuen; Annual ]. Gordon
Flannery Marathan, 1876 miles,
May 30, Ftshkill, NY.
The Blockbusters will con-
tend in the New England 20
kilometer road race champion
ship June 13, Greenfield; the
New England Association of the
| AA.U. at its fifth annual 10
mile open handicap road race
of the VF.W. Post 3273, East
Cambridge, June IA.
At the J. Gordon Flannery
marathon in Yonkers. O'Neil
Shannon served as an official.
Gonzales Scott Of the Block
busters finished No. 40 in a
field of n runners. His time
was 1875.
The guardian., 1953-06-06
DO YOU
KNOW MASS?

DO YOU KNOW THAT !.
Weekly earnings per wage earn
er in Massachusetts, factories
in April averaged $65.30, an in
crease of $4.16 above that a
year ago The ten industrial
centers having highest average
factory wage earnings in April
were: Beverly $3.50, Lynn
$3.50, Pittsfeld $8147, Everett
$8O.75, Everett $80.75, West
Springfield $76.65, Quincy $76.35,
Worcester $73.55, Framingham
$72.66, Springfield $71.98, Gard
ner Stat, as reported by the
Department of Labor and In
dustries Tourist reserva-
tions for summer places on
Cape Cod are running well
ahead of last year I'M
portant changes occurred in
the size classifications of Mas
sachusetts' 912 towns between
1910 and 1850. The number OF
towns under 1000 population
decreased 7 per cent, those ir
1000 to $500 class decretsed q
per cent, those $500 to 5O0t
increased 27 per cent thosl
! 5000 to 10000 increased 8 pc
cent and those above 10000 in
creased 26 per cent. Population
trends among the 80 cities of
the Commonwealth were mixed
The Concord craps was
developed by Ephraim Bull in
Concord from the wild fox
grape after eleven years of Sc
lective cultivation and was first
exhibited in Boston in 1858.
Bank checks paid in ten lead
ing Massachusetts cities during
April amounted to $4, ,180 483 900,
gain of At per cent over
April last year Massachu-
setts factories produced 1885,
900 pairs of shoes in the first
quarter this year, a lead of 16
per cent over the nearest ON
petitor, New York state
The Town of Dartmouth recent
ly voted to re-establish its
planning board under the I'M
proved method Of municipal
planning.
DO YOU KNOW THAT
The registry of Motor Vehicles
reports that in 1852 motor veh-
icles in Massachusetts, travelled
1875 billion miles, an average
Of 10778 miles per vehicle
The guardian., 1953-06-06

2 VACANCIES. in Dorehesi-
er in 3 fam. 40 bank mig.
HI 2-13ls.
The guardian., 1953-06-06

NEAR HOSPITAL. at sss
Mass. av.. Boston. Former
DOCTORS residence of 10
rooms. BRICK; OIL heal.
Rent a few rooms 10 quickly
paw off cost of only $500.
Lei rents pay for if. Owner
CA 7-6600.
The guardian., 1953-06-06

MAGIC of extra rents cuts
cost your apartment TO 50
a month. 4 modernized apis.
for $500. Best investment
in Cambridge. Tonite call
TR s-7642.
The guardian., 1953-06-06

$500 buys deed 10 Doreesier
3-family with 2 vacant apis
Pay balance in rent. After
s. AS 7-2s2l.
The guardian., 1953-06-06

! WILL LOAN you THE MONEY
to buy your house for little as 40
interest yearly or l'll take your
present house or car at TOP VAL
ue if you prefer! Call Harold Lane,
CA 7-0700.
The guardian., 1953-06-06

s24 month for your apt.
Dorchester. Brick 3-familY.
Nothing down for G.I. Own
er: GA 7-7537.
The guardian., 1953-06-06

BRICK. IL rooms, 3 baths
Oil heat, sl572: rental as
3-apt.; use as Guest House
for BIG INCREASE in IN
COME. Total price $500. on
Easy Terms. SO DUDLEY
ST., near Terminal. Or call
owner: HI 2-2232.