davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1953-11-15

REAN1S HAVE BEEN written
about the ''best" form of organiza-
ton for a ranch operation. From
time to time the m p h sis has
changed, with the proprietorship, the
partnership and the corporation al
ternating in favor.
Currently, the partnership is the
most popular, having displaced the
corporation at the time Section Iii
was amended to permit capital gains
treatment of breeding stock profits.
Until the tax structure changes
again, the corporation will be avoid
ed, other considerations being equal,
for it is tax saving alone that usually
motivates a change of form-some-
times unfortunately, for the ambi-
tious taxpayer often loses sight of
the legal consequences of his tax
saving device.
In this article, the differences in
tax treatment will be touched upon,
but the emphasis will be on the
legal implications of the partnership.
What is a partnership?
AS defined in the Montana Codes,
a partnership is San association of
two or more persons to carry on as
co-owners business for profit :. :. -
From this definition stem the legal
and tax consequences that distin-
guish this form of business enter
prise.
What are the legal implications?
Most of these are contained in the
words association" and "co-own-
ers." A general partnership has been
hkened to marriage. There must
exist between the partners complete
trust and confidence, for in a very
real sense each partner entrusts to
his follow partners his economic
destiny. The parallel is not complete.
however, for a marriage is more
easily dissolved than a partnership,
LiabilitY-In the absence of proof
OF knowledge of the creditor to the
contrary, each partner has an equal
right to bind the partnership. Not
only are the assets of the entire part.
nership subject to partnership debts
but all the individual assets of each
partner. Was the action of the part
ner within the apparent scope of hi.
authority? If so, the creditor of tn,
partnership has an easy time of it.
he need not go farther than a singl,
partner. The burden of collecting ;
pro-rata share from the other part
ners is imposed upon the buckles
partner first attacked.
A creditor of an individual part
ner, that is, one who is owed for
non-partnership debt, can satisfy hi
debt against the partnership to tn
extent of the debtor-partner's inter
est, which may cause failure of tn
business in the forced liquidation
of one interest.
To degree the general liabilit
of partner for partnership debt
can be limited. This is accomplishe
by special or Limited partnership
The procedure in forming such
> partnership is set forth in our Code
and must be exactly followed.
any event, one general partne
whose liability exposure is complet
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1953-11-15

absence of a provision in the agree
ment to the contrary, partner has
no right to use partnership property
for his private purpose, nor can he
assign his general interest as a
partner.
With the permission of the other
partners, partner can subdivide
his interest as easily as he could
stock in corporation, so a partner
ship can be used for testamentary
planning without too much diff
Guilty.
What are tax consequences?
The partnership, although now
recognized as a business entity by
the federal government, pays no tax
as such. The partnership return is
an information return only, and the
separate partners pick up their re-
spective shares of the ordinary profit
or loss and of the capital gains or
losses, in their Individual returns.
From this come two important adj
vantages over corporation:
because the tax is always paid
currently by the voters, the part
ners have no problem getting money
out of the business. In the case of
corporation, the stockholder-own
can draw part of the current earn
ings as salary, provided the salary
drawn is reasonable" but the bal
ance must come as dividends or wait
upon liquidation of the corporation
when capital gains tax must be
paid. This is the so-called double
tax" burden of corporation. The
corporation pays a tax when the
profit is earned, and the owners an
other tax when it is distributed.
2-B ecause a corporation can
never pay less than 26 per cent of a
capital gain, whereas an idividual is
subject only to a maximum of 26
per cent of the capital gain, and
depending on how much less than
$4,000 his total income is Gf mar
ried), including only one-half of the
capital gains-may pay as little as
IL per cent of the total capital gain
the advantage to livestock operator
is obvious. When combined with the
cash basis the tax-saving possibili.
ties are enormous.
Because of the adoption of the
entity theory, the government now
recognizes any gain on the sale Of
partnership interest by partner
where the partnership continues, a.
a capital gain exactly as if corporate
stock had been sold.
Most ranch partnerships are so
called family partnerships" wha
must be done TO compel recognition
by the government for tax purposes
Regulations have now been ISSUED
regarding the tests a partnership
must meet.
a-The transfer of an interest mus
be bona fide and complete. Their
can be no strings. A written partner
ship agreement is certainly the start
ing point for your argument.
b-Capital ownership must be di
vided. The interest of the othe
members of the family must be NOR
, 1953-09-10

with ! Definite discrimination and ! deep desire Ao help the people
Of these Islands work out their problems and assist in every way
possible. II shall be my constant eMozt to smeliorate hyngSsonuAs
tions and generally to rehshiitate an economy which shifting cur
@I shall work sunstintsdY to secure Tor the people g ness q
Lands ali The benefits Of The various acts lending toward social and
economic bettezment that are now enjoyed bY The people Of CONT
nensal United States I shall give my best efforts to promote ne wet
We have come a long way, my friends, since mat teDruHy
afternoon some dozen years ago, toward the full enjoyment cf these
benefits Mt by beating our gums, but rather by burning the mld-
night candlepower and giving much more than that required g
us for the job. BY the more eloquent tones of earnest and ey
haustSve work done by the succeeding administration Of Governor
William II. Haste and BY my own and with the soldi backing 81
genuine friends III Congress and in the Intersog Department. the
supreme purpose Of Governor Harwods mission here-the weh-be-
ing of all our peoples being carried forward to extend better
living conditions and contentment to every family ln the Islands.
Governor de Casfros address continued 4omOrrOwl
, 1953-09-10
NO.2OO
ADDE'S
by Governor Morris f. de Castro


bv Governor Morris F. de Castro
q ne onening ceremony Of the Charles HARDWOOD Memorial
HOSPITAL. Christiansted, st. Croix, y. T, on September 9, %
Dr.. Canegata, Dr. Evans, Mrs. HarWood, Assistant Director
and Mrs. Lausi, Dr.. Anduze, Chairman and Members Of the
Municipal Council, distinguished guests, fellow citizens q
the Virgin Islands:
We are herethis afternoon to witness an act that may be des-
cribed as the end Of the beginning. IN our time, n the meol-
cal care and treatment program for our Virgin Islands. WITH
ii j few moments we shall remove the wraps, as IT were,
from this second brand-new hospital Tor St Crolx-tnls
fourth and final institution in the hospital construction pro-
Gram under the aHarwood Act"-and we shall dedicate IT 70
the health and ~wellbeing Of all the people Of our homeland
We have special reason to rejoice at this moment, my fellow
cit;zans for ii also gives us. the opportunity to renew to our honor
"a cues. Mrs. Charles Harwood, our lasting gratitude to and APP
probation Of the memory Of her late distinguished husband.
Il IS therefore my pleasure, Mrs. Harwood, to welcome you
back. both personally and officially, among q people N whose M
terest your husband worked se1flessly. We have reciprocated, as
the record win show, with the utmost that we have-our deep res
pect, admiration and honor.
Mrs. Harwood, want you to accept this welcome and the
many tributes we shall offer during this program. as well as those
you will receive throughout your stay, as expressions for you 70
cherish coming from grateful hearts. We want to do everything
perience, one which will fill you with q longing to return and make
possible to make your visit z very pleasant ana stmulaune *
perience. one which will dlIyou with q longing to return ana make
your permanent home among us. in the same manner as our many
continental friends in the Islands.
Governor Harwood came upon the Virgin Islands scene when
our Nation was being caught up, and the this tiny possession with
her. in the eddying currents of World War q. His administration
stood us well inthat eventful period when we voluntarily ntteo u
selves into the pattern Of national defense. But AS administrator
had greater and more LASTING benefits. For his vision IN planning
will indeed outlast even Our time. His example of seliess service
will long survive the wood and stone OF these memorials named
to him by a people heshasS helped.
Eloquence-if it remains mere lp-service-is not enough; i
we are genuine in our attempt to produce more than Just the
sound of our voice. An untitled promise, my friends, particularly
when not i frqar is raised to trirg about some result carries
hollow sound and is but sham Governor HarWocds inaugural
address at Charlotte Amalie in I941. particulagly as We appreciate
~ robust echoes now, was mo mere gesture to gain friends and
isffuepce peoEls alone 1 am happy to read into the record the i'm
n0rfaat -ronisas he made to US then:
Z come 10 you 10 admsn.ster the affairs Of The Virgin Islands
, 1953-09-10

THURSDAY SEPTEMBER 10, 1858
, 1953-09-10

September 8th thru 18th
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-05-01

Enjoying cherry blossoms in one of
the East Shore cherry orchards. Top TO
bottom: Connie MCGOWAN and Karol
Klaus of Ka1ispell and Joan Hopkins of
Bigfork. Mildred Kelso photo)
MONTANA HIGHWAY No. 35
along the east shore of Flathead
Lake is popular drive about the
first of May, when sweet cherry
blossoms are at their peak.
Some 10000 poisoning sweet
cherry trees line the highway along
the 80 mile drive from Poison on
the south end of the lake to Bigfork
at the north, and local residents
mingle with tourists to enjoy the
spectacle of Montana's cherryland
white with bloom.
To make the drive complete, a
circle tour of Flathead Lake is rec
commended by most old hands at
this particular brand of sightseeing.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-05-01

men club meetings or ask members
of local groups to attend their own
meetings in the hope that they will
be able, as is usually the case, to
forward mutually satisfactory rec
ommendation. If such arrangements
are not possible, the Commission
will be pleased to hear directly from
any rural groups and to meet with
them whenever they feel our at
tendance will help solve their prob
lens.
The Commission is cognizant of
our game increases and has estab-
lshed more liberal seasons each sue
ceeding year. This past season, we
had for the first time in twenty
years, an either sex deer season in
most of the state and I am sure
that similar liberal seasons will be
promulgated as necessary to assure
the game populations will not be-
come serious burden to rural
landowners.
We are in complete agreement
that hunters and fishermen should
respect property rights by request
ing permission to trespass in pursuit
of game or to fish. We continually
impress sportsmen with the precept
and we are hopeful that better rela-
lions will be the result. I suppose
that we. shall always have few
people that will have little respect
for others but we do believe that the
majority are good people and we
hope the minority will decrease.-R.
Fl. Lambeth, State Fish and Game
Warden.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-05-01
Cooperation Will Solve
Antelope Problem

THE ANTELOPE is, as you know,
an open plains animal and abounded
prior to white settlement all through
the Great Plains region. Slaughter
by uncontrolled hunting decimated
their numbers until it appeared they
were in danger of extinction. More
rigid law enforcement, transplant
ing and reduction of predators have
allowed the antelope to increase in
numbers sufficiently large to allow
hunting in not only Montana but in
several other Western states.
In 1943 the Montana Fish and
Game Commission authorized an
antelope reduction of $50 head. This
has increased each year until take
of $1,000 head was authorized in
1852 for a total of about $4,000 ami
mails since 1913. Our present ante
lope population is between $4,000
and $4,000 head.
The Commission is most anxious
to maintain antelope in numbers
that will not create an excessive &C.
onomic hazard to land owners and is
therefore pleased to receive recon-
mendations for seasons from both
sportsmen and farmer stockmen
groups. Many of our recommends
tons now have their origin in joint
meetings of the people just men
toned. Such meetings by stock
men-sportsmen seem to result in
both sound recommendations for
harvest and in increased co-opera-
ton between the two groups.
We recommend that whenever
possible rural people attend sports
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-05-01
Winter Wheat Is Like
1t Was i'm 1920

I HAVE BEEN raising winter
wheat for the last IS years, and the
condition of the winter wheat this
spring is similar to what it was in
the spring of 1920. The wheat was
sown Sept. 20. The ground was
very dry. Some grain that was near
the top of the ground sprouted and
came out of the ground and lived.
Down deeper some of the kernels
sprouted and some remained just
as when they were planted.
That spring reseeded the fields
to Marquis about April 20. I had
a good crop-about 20 bushels to
the acre of both spring and winter
wheat, which sold as winter.-E. G.
Crandall, Madison County.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-05-01
Something Should Be
Done About Antelope

1 noticed the article by Mr.. Wolff
of Custer County. My sympathy
is with him.
I counted more than 100 grazing
in my winter wheat the other day,
and that was just one band. They
do as much damage as that many
sheep, and there doesn't seem to be
anything we can do.
They are a pest and something
should be done.-A Cascade County
Farmer.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-05-01
Young Teachers Best

HEARTILY agree with "Odds
Are Against Our Young Teachers"
In the 80 years that I have been
sending pupils to school I've found
some of the most capable teachers
with one year of college and less.
They are kind and patient and try
to make go of their work. Higher
grade teachers seldom feel they are
paid enough for their work.
Give me a teacher with good
eighth grade diploma, if was going
to send another family back to
school.-Mother of Eleven.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-05-01
Tbongbts on Life
Worth of Work
By DR. JOHN w. HOLLAND

SOME ONE HAS. said that men
are about as lazy as the. struggle
for existence and their wives pride
will allow them to become. This
is not the whole truth about mere
man, but there is some truth in it.
In spite of the fact that many
people feel that labor is curse, the
upward advancement of mankind
has been through work. The poets
have praised it in glowing terms.
Let Machines Do II
This insane sentiment that is
growing up in America that work
should be avoided, if possible, bodies
no good for our nation. Older civil
lizations began to die when the
people said, 'Let the slaves do the
work" Today we say, 'Let the
machines do it," and prove our
selves little wiser than peoples in
past ages.
The Bible reads, go to the ant.
thou sluggard, consider her ways
and be wise" 81 went by the field
of the slothful and the man void of
understanding, and 10, it was all
overgrown with weeds"
Labor is healthful. Our bodies
function better when we do some
physical toll. Physicians have their
hands full with people who want
the ''rest cure" when what most of
them need is to exercise. Doctors
prescribe, in many cases, not rest.
but a change of activity.
Labor is invigorating to the mind.
Blood flows faster to the brain and
muscles. Most of our best thoughts
come to us when our bodies are
active. Evil thoughts come rarely
to US while we are busy. Satan
finds tasks for idle hands to do"
And, AN idle brain is the devils
work h o p" An old copy-book
maxim, 100 per cent true.
honest toll is spiritually cleansing,
Think of the Savior's words: 'My
Father worketh hitherto" Cor up to
this moment), "and 1 work" The
final word of Jesus, 81 have finished
the work Thou gavest me to do"
sets a divine crown upon labor.
The artists of the past have mis-
represented the true Christ. They
painted His hands as those of a
woman. He had calloused hands
gotten at helpful labor.
The youth who wants a livinp
without working is doomed at the
start. No one of us can preserve
MS morals without falling in love
with work" Labor is the prayer
we offer to God for the gift of life
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-05-01
Letters to The Editor

Constructive letters on subjects of general
rural interest will be published under this
heading as space permits. Comparatively short
letters must necessarily be favored although
excerpts from longer letters may be used.
Letters must be signed, though only initials
will be used if requested. Montana Farmer
Stockman may or may not agree with the
opinion expressed.
The Northwest times. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1947-1955, 1953-03-04

PORTLAND, Greg, March 4
Especial to Northwest Times)-At-
tractive Mkt Matsumura receiving
trophy of Spokane was declared
winner of the Cratorical contest
sponsored in conjunction with sixth
annual postwar Northwest Young
Buddhist League convention last
Saturday in the Portland Buddhist
church. Her topic was Buddhism
The Road to enlightenment Cla-
renee f. Oliver extreme right
principal of Couch Elementary
School in Portland, was one of the
Judges. Others in the picture above
are. LETT to right Rev Kenryo Ku-
mata, Los Angeles, and Art Sasaki
Portland, president of Northwest
Young Adults of NWYBL.
Second place honors in the speech
contest went to Fumi Uyeda of Sc
attic who spoke on My Conception
of Dharma". Other participants
and their subjects were: Yoshi Nit
ia, Wapato, Buddhism in the Flu
ture", Jean Matsumoto, Portland
Buddhism in the World of Faith
and Eleanor Yoshioka, Tacoma, "Ot
Men and Faith"
With Oliver, the judges were DR.
Howard Impecoyen, registrar, Port
land State College, and Swami De
vatmanana, minister of Vedant;
Society of Portland.
In addition to winning the cup
Miss Matsumura, the victoriou
SPEAKER, also earned a free trip, al
expenses paid, to the Western YOUNG
Buddhist League convention in Lo
Angeles, Calf.
The Northwest times. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1947-1955, 1953-03-04
Nisei Casualties

WASHINGTON, D. C., March a
(JACD-The biggest Nisei casualty
list since the beginning of the Pan
munjom armistice talks, was an
nounced last Saturday by the De-
partment of Defense.
Included we're one wounded from
California, seven wounded from
Hawaii, and three killed from Ha-
wall.
The Northwest times. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1947-1955, 1953-03-04
NISEI CALENDAR
MARCH

boy scout ana cub pack COM
mittee of st. Peters Episcopal
church will spons,r an ice skating
party at the Civic Ice Arena. Skat-
ing hours will be from 10:45 pm. to
1890 am.
Injecting of Seattle JACb
CHAPTER at Nisei Vet hall.
2o-"It Might , as Well be Spring
stag-stagette dance sponsored by
Lotus Dharmas and Samanas in the
Buddhist Auditorium. Hours: $3.50
pm. to IL midnight.
81 = Japanese Congregational
| church bazaar.
The Northwest times. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1947-1955, 1953-03-04
APRIL

2-"More Bounce to the ounce
roller-skating party sponsored by
Savoy Athletic Club at Rollerlano
Skating Rink. Hours: 1898 pm.
to 1890 am.
11-Nisei Centennial Revue spon-
sored by Sunday School and parents
of St PETERS church at st. Peters
narish hall, 1910 King st. 7:30 pm
The Northwest times. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1947-1955, 1953-03-04
Gives to NVCCause

Ted Imanaka of It'll Ave Service
this week donated SIS toward the
NVC Memorial clubhouse, Com
mander Joseph D Nakatsu amour
ced.
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1953-04-25

irgenoeine nnangenebme, ia bittere
5olge nidt iibertreten tperoen. Man
made ltur ipieber bie einfad)e Ged-
nung: @enn iid) oieies 8erbieten
uno uebertreten, oieies 9efeblen uno
Nidtboren nift 40mal I'M Gage
nieoerbnlt = id ielblt babe beim 3u-
i6auen in einem Spielporf BEL einenl
abnli6en 8aar uaino- -Willtter" MINI
oeitens 5ebn dbnlihe iSdne in elmer
balben Stunbe ge5dblt =, 10 n1adt
oies bonn pierten Biz gum 5rpolften
Sebensiabre, alIo in a6t Sabren, $50
NAL 40 mol s. 115,2O0 giftige
Sanolungen oieier Irt. 9ieie 115, 200
pergifteten Sanolungen bouen aIs
ebenlo piele 3eIlen ein fiir sen ,3u-
ldauer iuiberpdrtiges Organ ouf.
oas genannt miro: ritdli6tsloie Sc.
bor- unb 8efiiblloiigfeit gegeniiber
Ben 8orten ser eigenen Mutter.
Ser 6remoe iiebt oft iprodlos por
Gmporl1ng elmer iolben S5ene 5u, es
5uden linn oie 5dnoe, bereit, Sen un=
gerotenen Sungen 81 obrfeigen. So
traurig Oie gan5e So6e lit, 10 lnub
i6 ood bea al1flabenb an Sic gu
l6auer oie sSroge lteqcn: r@enn ser
&nabe 115, ,20Onal es 10 gema6t bat,
mas glallbt ibr, pie miro er es oos
ndflternal lna6en?"
Gos eesenteilige 9ilo ergibt ii6 bel
gutter slngeipobnung. Sic CUTE 9lnI-
fiibrung bes &inbes erbdlt Damn Sen
Gbarafter5ug bes Notiirli6en, oeS
|Selbitperltdnolihen uno beIobnt reid
lid iene Wiibe, sic uns oie 9ufmerf-
lamfeit alf oie pieberfebrenoe, tpenn
au6 unideinbore 8elegenbeit 1na6t.
@eraoe 5u bieier itGnoigen, un=
ermiiolid) nieoerfebrenoen slufnerf-
iamfeit in tleinIten 9inger, 5u oieiem
snelnarocrreiben fleinlter 3elen bot
bas Otdoden ltno Die 6ra1 cine
natiirlife 9egobung. 9lus lln5Gbli-
gen fleiniten Moifen ltridt lie Sen
StrunpI, NIT unee51blten Stiben
Itidt lie ibr Sii6tu6, ibren Sorbang
@ieoiel ldoner unb foItbarer ober it
oleie &leinarbcit al ser Gr5iebung
oes &inoes. - F. P.
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1953-04-25

n1btlide Geif Dor Dem Strabl Der
,anfgebenoen Sonne peridtpinoet, 10
miro iebe &dlte, ieber llnmlt aus
Dem Ser5en neiben, ltno tauienb 8Iii-
ten Ser Singebung, Der Spferfreube,
Der @eoulo uno gta6libt tperoen
froblid nno frildb emporiproiien. !"
Danf bieler erbabenen 9luffaliung
miro oenn altb Die hriitlibe Srau
5n Der mabren 6reibeit bes @eiltes
gelangen, bie lie bimmelbp6 iiber Den
Wehlel Ser 3eitlibfeit erbebt lnb
pel6e ibr @en,iit au finbliher gr-
gebung in BEN 8illen oes Mnerbo6-
item befdbist. 50 entipifelt iid bos
Ser5 our idoniten Singabe an @ott
nie an Die Bfliht ltno bie Seele miro
reif fiir ibre enige 9eitimnlung. 9as
gepnBtIein aber, nad oieiem berr=
liden Siele su itreben, unb bie Soft
rung, es 81 errei6en oas lit ser
6rieoe ser Seele, aus 1pel6em allein
bas tpabre gbegliid, bie bouernoe
Sarmonie Ser Ser5en berporgeben
fann.
(Sortiesung foIet)
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1953-04-25

.Sa, S5odpiirocn id babe ia idon
10 oiele Brebieten gebort!" 8eipiB!
aber ipeiBt or nod alles, fonnen Die
Seellorger Dir ni6ts neu auifrilben?
Soer iino nidt man6e unter eltd, Die
oes Gienites megen nid]t geben font
nen?
Sest made it einen 8oridIag: Die
Breoigten iino einmal oa. Wa6e quite
Miene gum ~boien Spiel. 8enfe an
Sen 9iiboi Setteler bon Woin5, bielen
9elebrten Monn. Gieler eing oft 5lt
Den Grebigten ieiner HrieIter. 8as
bot er gelagt? sd babe nod feline
GreOigt gebort, in ser ib ni6t 8utes
btitte lernen fonnen." aues min beute
8eIfdfte MAIDEN, rno bu nid)t fiir
beine 'Seele2
9efolee Die 8reoigten germ. Gin
gutes @ort finbet einen g,lten Srt."
Sol oieies Spri6lpprt nidt aud bel
oir gelten? @enoe alles auf Did an.
0e11fe Sir: 0eid) gebt's on! v8enn
ou milllt 10 fannit bu piel." 0u ge-
lteblt es ia, oaB bu 10 germ neugierig
bit. slu6 oa barfit on es lein. "a
it's niht einmol Siinoe.