davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-01-16
Silicosis, Workmen's Comp.
Needed

Some of those who proclaim loud
est the need for balancing the budget,
at the same time have been most re-
luctant to do anything about making
industry carry the load for Silicosis
benefits or pay sufficient insurance
premiums to cover subsistence cost
of living for industrially disabled
workers and their families. When n
piece of equipment needs repairs or
wears out, industry the public
must figure replacement as cost
of doing business. Why then should
MT the same apply to workmen's COM
pensation?
Why should the people of Mon
tana be expected to pay out over
$75O,OOO in the next bi-ennium
through Public Welfare, benefits
to victims of Silicosis?
Why, too, should the people have
to dig up about the same amount
for supplemental assistance to dis
abled workers and their families?
Should not both of these be con-
sidered "cost of doing business,
the same as replacing a mine pump
or logging truck?
Remember what the Chamber of
Commerce said in its January, 1862,
analysis of Provisions of Work
mems Compensation Laws and Dis
cussion of Coverages":
"The ECONOMIC THEORY un-
DERIVING workmen's compensation
is referred to frequently as the
doctrine of occupational risk, the
principle being that the risk of
economic loss through personal in
jury in the course of employment
should be borne by the industry.
"The economic loss which re-
suits from such disablement is now
considered COST OF PRODUC-
TON, and should be incorporated
in the price of production in ac-
cord with the current price sys-
tem."-HARRY L. BILLINGS.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-01-16
This Could Go On and On

| could cite many more examples.
You wouldn't read them. Besides, I'm
tired Of huntin' and peckin out all
of these. What then is the point?
This cry of NO NEW INCOME
NEEDED is a cruel, shortsighted
hoax that some few willful people
both within the halls of the legis-
lature and in the third house,
are perpetrating on the people of
Montana. These few powerful
interests, long accustomed TO let
ting George carry the tax load, re-
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-01-16

they including "Ma Bell"-paid the
magnificent sum of $1,236.29. This
multi-million dollar business surely
should be able to contribute a humid
red thousand or more dollars to the
economy of state which is doing so
we'll by it in ensuring AT&T's sacred
SO per year dividend to it's stock
holders.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-01-16

You can send messages around the
world in one-seventh of a second,
yet it may take years to force
single idea through a quarter-inch
of human skull.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-01-16

democracy is based upon the con-
vfctiOn that there are extraordinary
possibilities in ordinary peOple."-
DIR. HARRY EMERSON FOSDICK.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-01-16
Notice, Letter Writers

exceeding will be considered for publication Let
presently without
abover restrictions applying-EDITOR.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-01-16
HEY, PLEASE DON'T FENCE

DON'T forget, THE VOICE parking
lot is on the west side of Coop Pub.
building-not in front! Well appre-
ciate your cooperation in leaving us
at least access to our building.-ED.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-01-16

DEMAND THE UNION LABEL
Evening star., 1953-07-15
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

Freshman Republican Congressman dinner
These Republicans determined to along with another
takes every box of bcarbonate of soda in America.
X
French Foreign Minister Bdaut criticize
France from afar" Don't about the French-no
alton ever gets so bad they can't aggravate it,
The Supreme Soviet called to special Moscow meeting
late this month. They'll salute Russia's former cop
famous words I'VE come to Beria not to praise yuh"
Leaders predict Congress will hike postal rates
immigration quota The idea to let in bunch of tax
then soak much for postage they write
home to be rescued.
Senator Joe Mccarthy confes with Central Intelligence
Allen Dulles Joe promises to investigate CIA employees without
revealing their secret which newspapers they clip
them from.
,. D..
Representative Condor attacks the Atomic Energy Commits
sion for barring him from Nevada Abomb tests Just because
Congressman is in Nevada instead of Washington
to deny him his traditional right to be bewildered.
8
Edgar Hoover his nabbed Is per cent
fugitives you say
expanding civilization that it gives lot Of cities
to try to get away from.
Evening star., 1953-07-15
Doris FIeeson-
Mccarthy and the Southerners
Southern Democrats Called Most Effective Choenqers
Of Wisconsin Republican After Committee Control Row

Southern Democrats now
stand in the role of the most
effective challengers of Sen
ator Mccarthy. They confess
to some sardonic amusement
over finding themselves widely
admired in quarters which so
often attack them for their
general attitudes.
AS Democrats, which they
are more fervently when out of
power, they are also pleased
by the embarrassment of the
Republicans. AS political tao
ticians-the best in the Con-
gress-they feel the isolation
of Mccarthy was we'll justified
and shrewdly accomplished.
How did it happen?
Their own answer is that
Mccarthy erred fatally when
he underestimated the senior
Senator from Arkansas, John
r. Mcclellan, ranking Demo-
crat on the Mccarthy subcom-
mittee.
The country met Mcclellan
for the first time when he led
the Democratic minority out
of that subcommittee in pro-
test against McCarthy's as
sumption Of dictatorial powers
over the staff. Southern SEN
ators explain, however, that
If Mccarthy had deliberately
set out to pick on the COL
league most allergic to bully
ing, he could not have done
better than Mcclellan.
An ultra conservative from
q small and sparSely populated
State, Senator Mcclellan val
ues his place and the great
institution of which he is a
member. AS a Southerner, he
has a keen sense of the minor
ity's need to maintain the pro-
Evening star., 1953-07-15
Thompson
Dorothy Thompson
Siqnificunce of Berid Purqe
Elimination of Police Chief Seen as HeroIding Policy
Of Increasing Touqhness by Russo ToWord West

Whenever, in the Soviet
Union, a policy is tried and
found wanting, somebody's
head is sacrificed. Every
purge. especially when a lead
ing personality in a central
policy-making role is involved,
is a post facto recognition by
the governing majority that
a policy should be abandoned
and a pre- facto announce
ment that another will be
initiated. The persons sacri-
feed are merely scapegoats;
those who accuse and purge
them may have been initially
associated with the policy later
repudiated, and those who sur
vive may even at some later
date return to the policy for
which a comrade has been
executed. A purge is the So
Wet way of indicating that it
Is time for a change"
Diplomats and close stu
dents of Soviet affairs have
always linked Malenkov and
Beria together. as initiators
and upholders of the same pol
icy, with Kruschev and Molo-
tov in the opposition. The sac
rif1ce of Beria by Malenkov is
no proof that this has not
been so. Soviet leaders have
often thrown a companions
Evening star., 1953-07-15

head to the wolves to keep
their own on their shoulders.
A grisly business, but this is
the Soviet, Communist, and
even in longer prospective the
Russian pre-Communist way
of conducting politics.
It. is, however, a long time
since any one of the impor-
tance of Beria has been 'axed.
Beria was not only the head
of the dreaded .MVD (Secret
Police; he also headed the
Russian Atomic Eenergy Com
mission. Under him were the
vast battalions of the forced
labor camps. In the monopoly
state capitalist system of the
U. S. S. r. he was the greatest
single industrialiSt. Some head
to be removed!
Nevertheless, during the past
20 years, all heads Of the Sc
cret Police have met violent
ends: Jagoda, though he was
Stalin's dearest friend, and his
successor, Jeshov. It is a post
in which one makes innumer-
able enemies nursing revenges
until the appropriate moment.
But we must try to see what.
rather than who, has been
purged. What has been the
Malenkov-Beria policy since
the death of Stain? OF what
is Beria, in the Pravda article,
accused?
He is accused of putting his
own henchmen into positions
of power and through them
collaborating with the activ-
tiles of international reac-
tionary forces; of aiming at
seizure of personal power; of
impeding and undermining the
further collectivization of
agriculture; of activizing bour-
geois nationalist elements
within the Soviet Union
(and presumably in. the sat-
ellites); and of thus being
the ''hireling of international
imperialism"
In short, he is accused Of
the recent soft" policy.
Evening star., 1953-07-15
Hunger and Political Ideo|oqies
No Connection Seen Between Outbreaks in Satellites
And Political Troubles and Purqes in the KremIin

ucts Of their fertile lands.
Czechoslovakia, while more in
dustrialized, was all the same
Self-suf1icient agriculturally.
The war destroyed many
homes and industrial plants
but did not impair the pro-
ductivity of the land. There
have been in all these
countries occasional droughts
which caused crop losses.
Sometimes the populations
suffered because they did not
have enough for export; but
they never went hungry.
But after they were forced
to accept the blessings of
communism" they saw their
crops and farm animals,
which even the poorest peas
ant owned in the past, taken
away to be stored in govern
ment warehouses controlled
exclusively by the men from
Moscow. It was farm collectiv-
ism which threatened a seri-
Gus rift between the Yugoslav
people. Marshal Tito pre-
ferred to be thrown out of the
Cominform rather than face
a rebellion of his countrymen.
There seems to be no con-
nection, according to Ameri-
can analysts of the situation
behind the Iron Curtain, be-
tween the outbreaks in the
satellite countries and the po-
litical troubles and purges in
the Kremlin.
The former are the out
growth of hunger which the
workers who were compelled
to work long hours can no
longer endure. The latter were
the result of another kind Of
hunger peculiar to Dictator
ships--the hunger for power.
The developments in the
months to come will be
watched with utmost care by
the Western nations and par
ticularly by the United States.
The various orders given by
the proconsuls appointed by
Moscow in the satellite coun-
tries to improve the lot of the
Evening star., 1953-07-15
Constontine Brown

Hunger seldom, if ever, pro-
duces communism; but in a
dictatorship, hunger does pro-
,duce violent anti-communism.
The masses of workers and
land tillerS in Eastern Ger
many and other satellite coun-
tries are in. an uproar against
the puppet governments i'm
posed on them by the Krem-
lin rulers. They are taking
unbelievable chances with
their own lives, not SO much
because. they cannot stand the
expressing form of govern
.ment forced upon them since
the end Of the war, but be-
cause their stomachs are
empty.
The rebellions we are now
witnessing in Eastern Ger
many, Poland. Romania. Hun
gary and Czechoslovakia have
not been caused by any po-
litical ideologies: neither were
they melted by agents who
wished to cause trouble for
the Muscovites. AS a matter
of fact, the underground
which has existed in all these
countries since Hitler's days,
and has merely shifted from
anti-Nazi to anti-Russian, has
attempted to prevent out
breaks which would cause only
bloodshed without achieving
any positive political results.
A fight for political ideals is a
luxury which people who live
in a dictatorship can ill-afford.
The hungry workers, how
ever, paid no attention to the
counselS of caution and faced
the Red tanks and machine
guns with their bare hands.
The areas involved in the
uprisings against the Commu-
mist rule happen to be those
where food has always been
plentiful. Eastern Germany
used to be the breadbasket of
the Reich. Hungary, Romania,
Bulgaria and Poland derived
their wealth and prosperity
from the export Of the prod
Evening star., 1953-07-15

including Senators. Byrd,
George and Russell. Senator
Clements of Kentucky, the
Democratic whip, who has
been doing a slow burn on
Mccarthy, is said to have given
some assurances of Democratic
unanimity in the matter.
Mccarthy yielded on the
resignation of Matthews, but
exacted from his fellow Re-
publicans the face saving mo-
ton to give him absolute
power to hire and fire the
staff. At the climactic sub
committee meeting, Senator
Mcclellan listened quietly
when the motion was made,
suggested it lie over until the
next week so that discussions
might be had.
Mccarthy arrogantly replied
that the vote would be taken
Immediately. that the press
was waiting to hear the result.
McClellan's response was in
slant and fiery-a cry of vote"
with a descriptive epithet.
With Senators Jackson and
Symington, who throughout
deferred to their senior col
league, he walked out.
He has said that the story
is over, he would write no new
chapters. His closest associ-
ates expect him to stand on
that.
A would-be peacemaker,
Senator Mundt of the sub
committee, has more or less
offered up Cohn and Schine as
a burnt Offering on the shrine
of subcommittee amity. Nc
Carthy says no; the Democrats
won't comment. Meanwhile,
Republicans admit their un-
happiness.
Evening star., 1953-07-15
Kin Of u. ). General
F|ees Red Hungary
By the Associcted Press

VIENNA, July 15.-The sister
in-law of the son Of a retired
United States general has escaped
from Communist Hungary to
Vienna with her family, but was
severely injured in crossing the
Iron Curtain. American author
tiles have disclosed.
She was Mrs. Eva Kapus, re-
lated to retired Maj. Gen. w. S.
Key, who was head Of the United
States element of the Allied
Control Commission in Hungary
after the war.
With her Hungarian-b born hus-
band Geza and 6-year-old daugh-
ter Eva Mrs. Kapus crossed the
Austro-H Hungarian frontier early
Sunday morning.
While approaching the barbed
wire on the Hungarian side OF
the frontier, they were fired on
Evening star., 1953-07-15
David Lawrence

Far more important than
whether a congressional COM
mittee staff investigator who
Is. bitterly anti-Communist
shall be summarily fired with
out q hearing, while the rights
Of anybody in the Government
accused Of being a security risk
are well protected by an elab-
crate system of review boards
with hearings, is another issue
now developing in the Senate.
It is whether a minority group
of a committee shall be able
to resign and a minority party.
by refusing to appoint men,
bers in their places, shall ef-
fectively block the majority
operation Of congressional
committees.
A "sitdown strike" against
the majority by the minority
in committees is something
unprecedented in the history
Of Congress, and it could be
destructive. If, for example,
the majority party was con-
f1dent it could uncover cor
ruption in the executive
branch Of the Government, it
could be prevented from max
ing such exposure by the SIM
pie refusal of minority men,
bers to serve on a congressional
committee.
The issue has arisen in con-
nection with the action of
three Democrats on the sub
committee of the Senate Com
mittee on Government Opera
tionS-SenatorS Mcclellan of
Arkansas, Symington of Mis-
souri, and Jackson of the State
of Washington - who first
voted to remove j. B. Mat
thewS, former Methodist
clergyman and staff 1nvestiga-
tor. When the latter quit any
how, the three Democratic
Senators then voted against
letting the chairman of the
committee, Senator Mccarthy
Of Wisconsin, choose the mem
,bers of the operating staff.
The Republican majority up
held the right of the chairman
to select his aides.
Each committee can make
Evening star., 1953-07-15

lection Of the rules of Con-
gress.
Soft-spoken and quiet in his
ways, he is. like many small,
spare men-and women-a
scrapper. And like another
scrapper, Harry Truman, he
learned the art of political in
fighting at the best of all
schools, the courthouse.
Senator McClellan's conserv-
ative temper was not initially
offended by the Mccarthy
tactics; IN fact, he shared Nc
Carthy's suspicion of liberal
influences in past administra-
tions. He co-operated eagerly
when Mccarthy investigated
allied trade with Red China.
The appearance on the scene
of the "junketeering gum
Shoes" Cohn and Schine,
troubled him. These young
men were too brash and self
assured for his taste. He now
admits that he felt it was
- improper to let them romp off
to Europe on their book-burn-
ing spree without senatorial
supervision. Reports of their
journey were of course not
calculated to soothe his appre-
tensions.
Senator Mcclellan spoke up
firmly at the start of the
Matthews incident. He prob
ably expected his much young
er Catholic colleague to heed
the advice of a Protestant in
a matter affecting Protestant
religious sensibilities. Instead,
Mccarthy treated him as cav
alierly as if he were a witness.
Mcclellan began then a
quiet series of conversations
with his Southern colleagues.
Evening star., 1953-07-15

by small arms and a Hungarian
border guard threw a hand
grenade which severely injured
Mrs. KapuS.
Her husband threw the child
over the wire into Austria. They
arrive din Vienna Monday. Mrs.
Kapus was operated on in an
Austrian hospital for the United
States sector today. Her condi.
ton was described as critical.
Evening star., 1953-07-15

The arrest of Beria followed
Immediately upon the conven-
ton in Moscow of the Com
munist chieftains from the
satellite states. All must have
been called to report on their
areas, where, especially in
Czechoslovakia and East Ger.
many, there have been Sc
rious disturbances despite at
tempts-in East Germany. at
least-at appeasing widespread
discomfort. Which satellite
leaders favored an easier pol
icy and which were for greater
f1rmness may be shortly re-
vealed by individual fates.
Within the Soviet Union, the
policy of bourgeois national
ism" now attributed to Beria
was especially notable in the
Ukraine, where Melnikov, the
Russian oppressor of Ukrainian
strivings for a little more say
in their own affairs, was re-
Gently ousted in favor of a
Ukrainian; in the Baltic states.
and in Georgia, where leaders
ousted under Stain for favor
ing more autonomy were re-
instated by Malenkov-Beria.
These changes will apparently
now be returned to status quo
ante. Even the liberated doc
tors may be rearreSted!
The Pravda article which be-
gins with a firm, even exultant.
declaration of Soviet power in
the face of a disunited West.
seems to say, in effect, that
there is no necessity whatever
for Soviet appeasements any,
where-whether by words or
deeds. It seems to indicate the
return to a tough" Soviet pol.
icy-perhaps Of necessity. For
recent events indicate that
Communist power cannot ap-
pease without risking general
revolt.
But the West should be
warned, foreseeing a more, not
less, aggressive Soviet strategy.
Evening star., 1953-07-15
The WoIkout by Democrats
'Stdown Strike Against Majority by the Minority
Is Called Unprecedented in Annals of Congress

tration was uncovered by a
Senate investigating commit
tee headed by Senator Tom
Walsh. Democrat. Of Montana.
AS for the FBI's attitude to-
ward congressional inquiries,
the best testimony comes from
j. Edgar Hoover himself in a
copyrighted interview In u, s.
News & World Report, pub
lished on August II. 1850. In
it the following exchange oc-
Cured:
%: Do you believe that pub
lie exposures through congress
sional committees, when prop
erly safeguarded to avoid i'm
plication of innocent parties,
could be helpful in drawing
public attention to instances
and episodes involving espio-
mage and other Communist ac-
tivity?
"Mr. Hoover: With the laws
of libel and Slander militantly
used by subversives, exposures
under oath, with safeguards to
protect the innocent, are nec-
essary. "A private citizen or
even a. great metropolitan
daily paper does not have the
facilities to make the investi-
cations. Hence, many expo
sureS can be made only through
an official investigating COM
mittee possessing the power of
subpoena with persuasive IA
cilities such as laws covering
perjury and the power to cite
for contempt"
It would be unfortunate if
the Democrats attempted to
make a partisan issue out of
their refusal to serve on the
subcommittee Of the Senate
Government Operations Com
mittee. For partisanship works
both ways-and some Repub-
licans could soon be claiming
that the real reason that the
Democrats have been baking
is that they are afraid of what
may be uncovered in the fu-
ture concerning some hitherto
undisclosed activities of Com
munist sympathizers inside the
Truman administration.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1953-07-15

Eisenhower a min i S tration
thus far-and have it in the
nature Of a Jackson-Jefferson
Day dinner affair, with a big
cover charge to wipe off the
100000 deficit still left from
the campaign.
It appears now that the So
luton will be a formal ap-
pearance first, perhaps on
television, Immediately after
or soon after his return, in
which Mr.. Stevenson would
report his observations abroad
and appeal to all our people
to unite on foreign policy,
regardless of party.
That would still leave open
the field of domestic policy
in which the Democrats al
ready have found much to
criticize in the Eisenhower re-
gime. For his treatment of
that, the party leader would
have as his forum a giant
party rally, a combined politi-
cal jamboree and money-rais-
ing enterprise which, as a mat
ter of fact, already is being
planned for September in Chi
cago. making it a Homecoming
affair with a Midwest back
ground.
Whatever is done, you may
be sure it will, in the end,
represent the best judgment
of the former Governor of Illi-
nois, himself, who demon
strated during the campaign
that he is perhaps his own
best campaign manager.
Mr.. Stevenson's personal
political problem and that of
his party as it relates to him
will just begin when he gets
back home. Everybody seems
to agree that 1t was most wise
that he was away while the
Evening star., 1953-07-15

new administration was feel
ing its way. He has no record
OF criticism or interference.
His own personal political
problem has two facets, that
is, as seen by those who want
to make him the. 1856 candi-
date. One is to keep him
before the public. The other
is to do that in such a way
that he does not antagonize
other party leaders, especially
those in Congress and, among
the latter, especially the
Southern wing of the party
which dominates Congress-.
1t is much more difficult for
a person not holding a politi-
cal office, such as Mr.. Steven
son, to keep in the public eye
than for one who has an Office
and a continual forum as we'll
as continual public duty that
gives him a reason for speak
ing and expounding upon pol
icy. For that reason, it is being
argued that Adlai Stevenson
is under quite a handicap to
keep "afloat," so to speak, on
the political waters for the
three years until the next
Democratic convention.
On the other hand, it is con-
tended by some of his sup
porters here that there are
very definite advantages in
not holding public offce-for
that permits freedom Of action
and speech such as is not al
ways expedient politically for
one who is in Office and there
fore somewhat under wraps
since he is conscious of the
next election. Being out of
Office gives. in short, a certain
objectivity and an aloofness
from political controversy.
Those interested In Adlai