davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-06-17
Princeton President
Halls EisenFlower's
ok-Burning' Talk
BY tho Assoeiassd Press

PRINCETON, N. j., June IT.
The president Of Princeton Uni-
versity says President Eisenhow-
er's speech in which he warned
against book burning" was
worthy to be classed as a great
state paper"
DR.. Harold w. Dodds, in brief
informal remarks at the close Of
Princeton's 206th annual COM
mencement exercises yesterday,
said the Presidents speech last
Sunday would become "a chart
by which a distracted America
can regain her spiritual unity"
Gen. Eisenhower, speaking at
Dartmouth University's COM
mencement, said, Don't join the
book burners. Don't think you
are going to conceal faults by
concealing evidence that they
ever existed -" He added, How
will we defeat communism unless
we know what it is-what it
teacheS?"
858 Degrees Awarded.
More than 5000 persons gath
cred in front of Nassau Hall as
Princeton awarded 858 degrees.
Students representing A States
and "a foreign countries filed
past DR.. Dodds to receive their
diplomas.
The class Of 1853 numbered
621 and was the smallest grad
uating class since the end of
World War II. Ninety-six re-
ceived bachelor of science degrees
and 525 were awarded bachelor
Of arts degrees.
In addition, 237 advanced de-
grees were conferred.
Joshua Logan HOnOred.
Two Of nine honorary degrees
were awarded to Princeton
alumni.
Joshua Logan, 81, who won
the Pulitzer prize for his direc-
tion Of the musical, South Pacific,
received a master Of arts degree.
Mr.. Logan left the university
a few months before he was to
graduate.
Others honored were John j.
McCloy, former high commits
sioner for, Germany and now
chairman Of the board of the
Chase National Bank, and DR..
Grayson L. Kirk, president of
Columbia University.
Evening star., 1953-06-17
By Cecil HoIIond

Senator Mccarthy, Republic
can. Of Wisconsin, today mapped
out new hearings on the Gov
ernment's overseas information
program after blandly brushing
aside President Eisenhower's de-
nunciation of "book- burning" as
not applying to him.
The chairman Of the Senate
Investigations subcommittee told
reporters he had read Gen. Eli
senhower's Dartmouth College
speech. He said the subcommit-
tee only had exposed the use Of
books by Communist authors in
the overseas libraries operated
by the State Department and the
only books that have been re-
moved have been removed by
the order Of the Eisenhower Ad-
ministration."
Referring to the State Depart
ment's order for the removal of
such books, Senator Mccarthy
added:
obviously, Eisenhower agrees
with what his cabinet officers
are doing or he could counter
mand the order"
Not q Book Burner.
The Wisconsin Republican said
it was impossible that Gen. Eli
senhower had been referring to
him in his Dartmouth speech.
II haven't burned any books
since I was a kid back on the
farm and used them to start a
fire." he added with a grin.
Along with his discussion of
what the President had to say
about "book-burning," Senator
Mccarthy disclosed:
2. His subcommittee viii hold
public hearings in New York
Friday and perhaps Saturday to
take the testimony of "a sizable
number of witnesses" on the
Student-teacher exchange pro-
gram operated by the State
Department.
/. He has called a closed meet
ing Of his subcommittee for this
afternoon to look into IAN inn
portant matter" with q witness
whose name the Senator declined
to reveal.
8. He intends to look further
into the operation Of the infor-
national program in the Office
of United States High Commis-
sioner to Germany James B.
Conant with whom he clashed
at a Senate Appropriations Com
mittee hearing Monday. He said
he planned to call Glenn Wolfe,
executive assistant to DR.. Con-
Evening star., 1953-06-17

vania avenue NV, and Claude
c. Wilson, jr., 81. a clerk In the
store who lives in the 2400 block
Of Fortieth street NV.
Detective Sergt. Joseph Gabrys
said Wilson sold the iodine to q
narcotics squad detective last
Sunday while Mr.. Strauss. who
lives in the 1400 block of Kama
wha streets, Hyattsville, was out
Of town.
The men were charged with
violating the Districts pharmacy
regulations.
Evening star., 1953-06-17
President Asked to Holt
MiIitury's Profanity
BY the ASsoeiofed Press

GRAND RAPIDS, Mich, June
1.-THE Christian Reformed
Church wants President Eisen-
hover to curb and prevent"
profanity in the armed forces.
A petition to that effect was
dispatched by the church synod
at its session here yesterday.
1t commended the President for
his sense Of the need for Divine
guidance" as evidenced in his
inaugural day prayer.
Evening star., 1953-06-17
7 Forfeit 500 Collaboration ILLEGAL Iodine Sale

Even i tiny bottle Of iodine
must be sold BY q registered
pharmacist or a clerk directly
under the pharmacists super
vision.
The legal reason iodine is a
poiSon-was presented to a phar-
macist and a clerk yesterday and
each forfeited $100 collateral at
Municipal Court.
They were Leon Strauss, 81,
manager and pharmacist at the
State Pharmacy, l701 Pennsyl-
Evening star., 1953-06-17

large red, letters saying the books
were writtep ~ Communists.
Comment Is Varied.
The Presidents speech aroused
varying comment among MEM
bers Of Congress. Senator Hem
'nings, Democrat, Of Missouri,
commended the President for
what he said, but added that the
current campaign to burn books
Is at present completely in the
control Of the Eisenhower ad-
ministfation.
"All that the State Depart
ment has to do is to stop burn
ing books" Senator Hennings
said in a Senate speech yester-
day. He added that by book
burning" he meant ''any effort
to remove books from Libraries. y
Senator McCarran, Democrat,
Of Nevada, on the other hand,
described the Eisenhower speech
"a pitiful thing"
Senator Hennings made no
reference to Senator Mccarthy
personally, but said that many
Of US who have been dismayed by
the brazen attacks on basic
American freedoms, recently
loosed from several quarters,
have been deeply concerned lest
the administration continue to
give in to the "book- burners" IN
abject submission"
Senator Mccarthy, however,
had a tart comment on the Hen
nings speech.
"He doesn't make it clear" :"
the Wisconsin Republican said,
whether he. wants us to buy
more books by Communist au-
thors or just keep those the
AcheSon regime bought"
Evening star., 1953-06-17

used II they were stamped with
large red letters saying the books
were written ~ Communists.
Evening star., 1953-06-21
By Crosby S. Noyes

American cold-war quarterbacks,
recovering from q week Of breath
taking events, are turning their
thoughts once more to Bermuda
and the problems Of free-world
strategy that will be hammered out
there.
They are finding it necessary to
make certain readjustments in their
thinking in the light Of what has
happened in Europe and Korea
within the last few days.
In spite Of the present uproar in
Korea. it Is still assumed that some
sort Of truce can be arranged be-
fore the Big Three meeting gets un-
der way, probably in July. Unless
present expectations are completely
of base, the Big Three will be able
to turn their attention to the next
phase Of the struggle: The political
conference which will follow three
months after the conclusion Of q
Korean truce, and the broader pos
sibility Of general settlement with
Red China Of Far Eastern issues.
First Big Test
These deliberations will inevitably
provide the first major test Of post
Korea allied solidarity. Delicate
political issues. submerged In the
interests Of the common military
effort, will have to be faced. A
general settlement in the Far East
is likely to turn into a major horse
trade. involving Chinese admission.
to the United Nations, the future
Of Chang Kai-shek on Formosa and
the continuing threat Of Commu-
mist aggression in Southeast Asia.
So far as Korea itself is con-
cerned. the primary u. N. objective
is the unification Of the country by
free elections possibility that at
best can be regarded as somewhat
remote. It is expected that the
United States will try to limit the
Korean peace talks to strictly Ko-
rean matters, leaving the broader
issues to a later conference. It is
certain that the Communists will
do their best to drag in everything
they can in the hope Of making
the most favorable deal. The posi-
tion of Britain and France on this
question Is uncertain to say the least
and will provide points of the Ber-
muda discussion.
Now. however, the Big Three mas
an added problem: What should be
the future attitude of the allies
toward South Korean President
Syngman Rhee in the light Of his
open defiance of the U. N. and his
attempts to sabotage the Korean
truce?
From the beginning, Britain and
Evening star., 1953-06-21

with some success that by joining
the defense community, Germany
would be Slamming the door on the
chance to reunite the country. They
have suggested that a four-power
agreement on German unity-even
one which left the country demili-
tarized and neutralized-was the
proper course.
Sentiment Exploited
Naturally enough, Russia has
played on this sentiment for all it
was worth. The last two weeks
have brought a succession Of con-
ciliatory gestures, all calculated to
encourage West German hopes that
the time had come to try for some
kind of deal. A positive offer to
agree to the reunif1cation of Ger
many-on Soviet terms-was con-
f1dently expected before the elec-
tionS.
What happened in Berlin last
week changed this picture radically.
The open defiance Of East Germans
to Russian military power and the
bloody repriSals which followed,
brought the Red peace offensive to
a sudden. screeching halt. To the
most confirmed wishful- thinker, it
showed what playing along with the
Russians would mean for Germany
submission to a tyrannical puppet
regime. backed by the machine guns
Of the Red Army.
Unquestionably. the impact Of the
Berlin revolt in West Germany will
strengthen the political position aof
Chancellor Adenauer, and the
chances Of EDO. Beyond that, it
has raised the possibility that, the
issue of German unification, on the
basis Of free elections. may be
turned into a major propaganda
weapon for the free world. In the
light Of their Berlin experience, it
seems unlikely that the Russians
would agree to free expression of
political sentiment in their zone.
But even If they refuse. the effect
Evening star., 1953-06-21
Officials Say Only Fear Can Cause Depression After Truce

more businesses to stall and still
more jobs to disappear.
Washington figures that only this
kind Of downward Spira1-born of
fear or cupidity-could cause q seri-
Gus recession blamed on q Korean
truce. To forestall unjusti1led fears
that could be touched of by the
"readjustment" period, the admin
istration is trying to get all Amer
leans to anticipate and understand
the mild and temporary business
decline that Washington expects.
Undersecretary Williams puts it
this way:
1--WE must recognize that in free
economy-a static economy can be
had only under q totalitarian gov
ernment-we must accept the fact
that business moves in cycles
according to changing times.
After a Korean truce, it is obvi-
Evening star., 1953-06-21

who would venture to predict that
there won't be loud demands that
1.-The draft be stopped and that the
armed services be cut before very
many weeks pass.
Thus the Army faces the unenvi.
able task of keeping its forces in the
Far East and in Europe in fighting
trim with largely reluctant draftees.
and with large numbers of involun-
tary-service second lieutenants. COM
miSSioned out Of the ROTC units Of
the colleges. The training Of these
men will become progressively more
difficult as the country becomes
progressively more complacent.
Marines Moy Pull Out
The Marine Corps does not anti
cipate that it will have to call on
selective service. 1t reports that its
present enlistment and re-enlist-
ment rates are extremely encour-
aging. For example, IS per cent Of
the Marines June enlistment goal
was met in the first nine days Of
the month. A Korean truce might
slow this rate down, but the Leath-
ernecks are confident that they can
remain volunteer unit. The
Marine division in Korea could pos
sibly be the first large -sized combat
unit to be rotated out of Korea If a
reduction Of United States strength
was considered possible. The off,
cial Marine Corps line Is that the
corps is proud to serve under
either the Army or the Navy" but
1t also likes to be considered an in
dependent fire brigade"
The Air Force has found the Ko-
rean conflict terrific drain on its
highly trained manpower. In recent
months some pilots have returned
to Korea for second tours of combat
duty. With q truce, however, the
Air Force may. in time. be able to
adjust its schedules and get back to
q sounder base Of operations.
The Navy's contribution to the
Korean war has been extremely vi
tai. but there has been less strain on
our sea forces than on the other
services. SO the sailors ought to be
able to adjust to truce with little
difficulty. A few months ago Presi-
dent Eisenhower relieved the Navy
Of the responsibility for protecting
Red China afrom an invasion from
Formosa. A truce will relieve 1t Of
the responsibility Of patrolling North
Korean coastal waters and furnish
ing naval gunfire and carrier
aircraft support to the 9th Army.
Still. the Pacific Fleet will continue
the vital task Of protecting United
States supply lines to the Far East
and shielding the vast United States
Pacific interests. from the Aleutians
to Japan. the Ryukyus and Philip
pines.
To the armed services then, q Ko-
rean truce means that men will no
longer be wounded and killed, and
for that every man in uniform In
grateful. But otherwise an armi-
stice in Korea win create as many
problems as 1t solves. II Is not at
al easy to keep your guard UP
when your opponent cleverly pre-.
tends to drop his own.
Evening star., 1953-06-21

consumers. Any lessening Of de-
mand. however. could bring price
reductions on luxury and semi
luxury items.
Government Aid Reody
GO The administration will watch
the way the economy rolls with the
punch Of peace. II business starts
to stagger. the Government would
rush in with first aid.
The first sniff of smelling salts
probably would be in the form of
loosened credit. Republicans intent
on curbing imitation have boosted in
terest rates on Government bonds
and this has spread throughout the
economy. This tends to discourage
borrowing because Of the cost. This
Evening star., 1953-06-21

toward Europe, where Russia last
week suffered major cold-war set
back. In its simplest terms the
problem is how the free world can
best exploit the political unrest be-
hind the Iron Curtain which ex-
ploded in the bloody revolt of Ger
man workers in East Berlin.
On the most important question
facing the Big Three at Bermuda
the problem Of building European
Defense Community that will in
clude German military strength
the effect of the incident is clear
enbugh. One of the major barriers
to the realization of the EDO has
been the precarious political posi-
ton of West German Chancellor
Konrad Adenauer, who has staked
his political future on the integra-
ton of Germany with the West.
In his fight for reelection next Sep
tember, DR.. Adenauer has been hav-
ing serious trouble with the burning
issue OF German reuniflcation. His
Socialist opponents have argued
Evening star., 1953-06-21

peace endangered the administra-
tion'S hopes for extension of the
excess-prof1ts tax beyond June 80.
IF the truce really develops, more
tax cuts for individuals and corpo-
rations seem assured. This would
give quick pep to the economy.
While the post-Korean economy
may suffer some painful bruises, the
underlying structure is strong. and
the Government stands ready to try
to cure any real illness that could
develop.
With these facts in mind, admin
iStration men like Undersecretary
Williams tell anxious businessmen
and consumers: 3
Don't worry. Take it easy. We're
doing fine"
Evening star., 1953-06-21
The Compromises
Canadians Are Establishing Themselves
As Mediotors in Disputes Between Allies
By GeroId Worina

tine to be premature, and consider
able bitterness developed between
Washington and london over it. Mr..
Pearson did much to wash away
that bitterness by taking the lead in
producing partition formula which
was acceptable to both countries.
Last fall Mr.. Pearson was instru-
mental in bridging the gap between
American views on the Indian pro-
posals for Korean truce. and those
Of India, Britain and other q. N.
members. This entailed persuading
each side to make concessions until
they arrived at q common meeting
ground.
AS sequel to this, Canada re-
Gently let it be known that it shared
the British view that in negotiations
at Panmunjom the United States
had departed from the intent of the
Indian resolution. This was an un-
usual step for the Canadians. who
prefer to work behind the scenes.
but it was designed to persuade
the Americans to re-examine their
position.
Neithers Mouthpiece
It was merely coincidence that
Canada saw practically eye to eye
with Britain on this matter. Ottawa
is not a mouthpiece for London, any
more than it is for Washington.
For example, the Canadians strove
hard to bring Britain into the new
international wheat agreement.
They suggested compromises on
prices to bridge the gap between the
high ceiling price the United States,
Canada and the other wheat-export-
ing countries wanted, and the low
ceiling which Britain and the other
wheat-importing countries sought.
The fact that the negotiations
ended with Britain still outside the
international wheat agreement be-
cause 1t wouldn't go higher than 81
a bushel, and the United States
wouldn't go lower than $2.05 a
bushel, was partial failure of Ca
madam mediation. But at the same
time the renewal of the interna-
tional wheat agreement, even with
out Britain, is a monument to Ca
madam perseverance in seeking a
middle ground of agreement.
AS a bridge between Washington
and London, Ottawa is unique. AS
an advocate Of compromise in set
Ting international problems, Canada
is only one Of many nations. But
through experience in their own ma
tional affairs, Canadians seem to
have become more adept at compro-
mise than most peoples.
Evening star., 1953-06-21

Commanders will be hampered by
their inability to use age-old and
proved methods of keeping a unit
in fighting trim. Battle patrols into
the enemy's lines have been used by
wise commanders for many centuries
to keep an army on its toes between
campaigns, and during lulls in bat
tie. But this will no longer be pos
sible. Only wise leadership and an
insight into the realities Of the stu
alton at all levels Of command can
solve the problem.
The Navy and Air Force have
certain advantages over the Army
and Marine Corps in such period
Of watchful waiting. The everyday
tasks Of the former-to keep the
feet sailing and the aircraft flying
require the application of the same
skills, whether the war is hot or
cold. Only the sense of playing
for keeps" makes the work more
urgent when the bullets are real.
AS for the Army, there will be
good deal of rotation out of the
forward lines. to be sure. This should
help morale, or keep troops on their
toes while they are in the line. But
the rotation will be of units and not
individuals, except as individuals
finish their overseas tours and are
rotated back home. And it will be
rotation back only few miles to
rest camp or training area. There
may be occasional "reSt and recrea-
ton" leaves to Japan. But Korea, a
war-torn and poverty stricken coun-
try, will be the end Of the line for
most Of the men serving there.
Up to now the combat man in
Korea could, If he lived. anticipate
that he would be going back home
in 10 or IL months. But q truce win
Evening star., 1953-06-21

has brought a number of complaints
from borrowers. But the Republi-
cans Tightening of credit in the last
few months has given them just that
much reserve strength. They can
loosen credit-encourage borrowing
and spending-when they think the
economy needs it.
The administration also is draw
ing up long-range plans for Govern
ment pump printing should the econ
omy dip too low. Republicans talk
mostly about building roads and
schools rather than building big
dams or raking leaves as the New
Deal did.
Another way to increase con-
sumer power is to cut taxes. The
very first prospect Of a Korean
Evening star., 1953-06-21
Will Be Mixed Blessing for Soldiers Still in Kore

When and II the truce in Korea is
finally signed and the guns grow
silent, troops on both sides will move
back the agreed one and one-quar-
ter miles s(to create q two-and-one-
half-mile neutral zone), the United
Nations air forces will no longer fly
north to the Yalu, and U. N. naval
forces will retire from North Ko-
rean coastal waters.
Then. into the lines and airbases
will move joint observer teams con-
sisting Of representatives from both
sides and neutral observer teams
representing the Neutral Nation Su-
pervisory Commission. These teams
will call the tune and enforce the
armistice. But they won't solve any
Of the immensely difficult and COM
plex problems that q truce will i'm
mediately thrust upon the profess
sional soldiers, sailors, airmen and
marines, Of all ranks, who set the
pace and give continuity and spirit
to the armed forces of the United
States.
A drawn-out truce period that re-
quires our military forces to keep
their powder dry, their shooting
eyes keen, and their foxholes and
gun positions serviceable will be q
unique experience to American
arms. Our armed forces have q long
tradition Of fighting the Nations
wars aggressively, stubbornly and
with considerable skill. And they
also know how to exist quietly and
almost unnoticed in peacetime on
crumbs Of appropriations that are
barely big enough to keep the spark
OF professional interest burning. But
how to rest on well-oiled guns is
something they have had little ex-
perience in doing.
Words to the Wise
Recognizing this the Department
Of Defense just this last week pre-
pared fact sheet" that is now
being sent to all commanders. The
document cautions that ''watchful-
ness and readiness" must be the
watchwords Of the services during
the period Of the truce.
It warns the forces in Korea to
"stay sharply alert ands ready to
cope with any false move the Red
forces may make" It also warns
them to be wary Of Communist
propaganda, including planted ru-
mors, which will undoubtedly be
used in ar attempt to create dis
cord. confusion and general dis
satisfaction.
The unprecedented actions Of
Syngman Rhee are unmentioned in
the fact Sheet" possibly because
they are so delicate. But those ac-
'tions up to now suggest strongly that
the non-Korean U. N. forces may
also have to keep one eye on their
allies. thus adding another difficult
mission to the job.
When the truce gets into gear, life
in the front lines and forward out
posts along that neutral zone is GO
ing to be dull and exasperating, .
challenge to the noncomS and Of
ficers who have the responsibility
for maintaining the "watchful
readiness" that win be expected.