davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-09-21

smilingly he herded them back
behind the walls Of his prison.
They could leave later, of
course.
This is a tiny but typical in
cident in the Russian effort to
seal off from the West it's
people and it's zone of Ger
many. The harder is closing,
the railroads are being double
tracked at great expense to
avoid the hub Of Berlin where
it is impossible to- conceal
everything from the allies.
Only four crossing points out
of an original 70 are open be-
tween the zone and East Ber-
lin, only nine out of an orig
lnal % open between West
and East Berlin.
Since the June II riots have
proved otherwise, West Ger
mans will admit now that
they had begun ITO fear very
deeply that the inexorable
Russian pressure was alienat-
ing the East Germans from
them for a very long time,
maybe forever. The riots re-
moved that apprehension: the
East Germans are not yet
Subdued.
West Germans attach almost
as much Importance to the
fact that the Russians did not
fire on the rioters, not even
on the man who attempted to
tear down the aerial from a
tank at Brandenburg gate. It
Evening star., 1953-09-21
By Representative
Chorles A. Halleck

It has often occurred to me
that writing a regular news
paper column must be one Of
the more strenuous ways Of
making a living. Thus, as a
sympathetic byStander, it is
a pleasure for me to pinch
hit for day while Mr.. Brown
enjoys a well-earned rest.
The fact that his invitation
to fill this space gives me q
chance to reach a large read
ership was, of course, a sec
ondary consideration in my de- :
cision to accept his offer.
Since there are those who
would deny that Congressman
are creatures of logic am not
going to spoil their fun by dis
cussing what I might be ex-
pected to discuss as House Ma
jority Leader in the 83d Re-
publican Congress.
Instead, I am going to talk
about what we didn't do.
First of all. we didn't spend
more Of the taxpayers money
than any other Congress in
history.
We didn't increase the ma
tional spending budget by bill
lions of dollars.
In fact. we did just the op-
posite-in spite of many SNUG
prophecies that it simply
couldn't be done.
The first session of the Re-
publican 83d Congress cut
more than $14 billion from the
budget estimate submitted last
year by former President
Harry S. Truman.
This action just happens to
be the biggest slash in Fed
eral spending proposals ever
made by any Congress in his
Tory.
OF course. in cutting this
$14 billion from Mr.. Truman's
budget there is something else
we didn't do.
We didn't welsh on a Re
publican campaign promise
that we would make cutting
the cost of Government our
first order Of business.
I realize that this quaint
habit Of promptly forgetting
party pledges made to the
American voter has been so
much a part and parcel of ma
t1onal administrations for the
Evening star., 1953-09-21
An American Abroad 7 oIks Bock
1t Took Bob Hope Heckled in England About cCorhysn
To Give Europeans Blunt Answer and Some Facts

to recognize at the outset that
no one in authority in the adj
ministration, or In the House
or in the Senate, has ever sug-
gested that the public libraries
in the United States should
not have books by Communist
authors on their shelves"
How many Americans have
been told the very opposite of
that last statement-and how
many American politicians
have falsely accused Senator
Mccarthy of advocating that
very thing? These statements
have been widely reprinted in
the European press. Yet when
on the authority of the Vice
President a lie was nailed, it
never got quoted in the press
abroad because it was not fully
covered by our own press. Con-
tinuing Mr. Nixon's speech:
IT think we will all agree
that the American people
should know more, rather than
less, about the Communist
idea If we are going to COM
bat the idea effectively it is
necessary for us to read what
the Communists and the fell
low travellers write concerning
that idea.
I'VE must all recognize that
the right to advocate unpopu-
lar ideas is part of our Amer
ican tradition. On the other
hand, we must distinguish par
ticipation in the Communist
conspiracy from advocacy of
the Communist idea. We should
also recognize that as Ameri-
cans we have the right and the
duty both to expose the Com
munist idea for what it is and
to advocate our own American
idea in opposition to it.
"It is our belief that the
best way to combat a fallaciouS
idea is through exposure and
not suppression. We are con-
vinced that if the two ideas
which appeal to the people Of
the world today-communism
on the one side, freedom and
justice on the other-come to-
gether in the open market
place of public discussion there
can not be any question as to
the outcome"
The foregoing quotation is
the American creed. It is true
liberalism.
Reproduction rights reserved)
Evening star., 1953-09-21

sion. Both confessed that we
are not all-wise and don't
know all the answers. A cap
sule catalogue is useful for
samples. thus:
Stevenson: "But the world is
weary; there is universal anx-
iety and impatience to ease
the tensions, to explore every
possibility of settlement by
conference and negotiation"
Dulles: "I have, however,
spoken of the major causes of
present tension. and I have,
I hope, made clear the willing
ness of the United States to
discuss them ALL"
Stevenson: And at this mo-
ment a new fact .confers a
grim and pressing urgency on
the international situation
the hydrogen bomb"
Dulles: But there is no
problem that compares with
the central. universal problem
Of saving the human race from
extinction"
Stevenson: "Once more, I
think, we should fix our sights
high again, as we did in 1947,
and resume the initiative in
re-exploring the possibilities Of
disarmament"
Dulles: I'VE have faith that
the time may comet might
come quickly and suddenly
when political leaders would
be prepared to put into effect
international agreements lin
iting ornaments. When that
moment comes the nations
should be able to seize it."
Stevenson: I'VE must think
afresh; and. believe. in terms
of a European system of dura-
able assurances of non-ag-
gression-- for Russia as well as
for France for Germany and
the rest of u.s."
Dulles: "The Russian people.
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Doris Fleeson-
Doris Eeeson-
Points Of Contact Rare in Berlin
Riots Have Proved to Worried Citizens of Western Sect
Thot Population Under Reds Is Not Yet Cowed

BERLN.-One of the rare
points of contact between
United States and Russia mill
tary is the four-power air
safety conference held weekly
in Berlin. While these too are
degenerating into exercises
in dialectics in the usual pat
tern of conferences with Com
munists the world over, the
topic is too vital to permit
any skimping of the job. The
Berlin air corridor has not
made headlines lately but its
potentialitieS for doing so are
never out of mind here.
Last week Col. Joseph Dasher.
secretary of the staff of
USAFE at Wiesbaden, accom-
panied Brig. Gen. Royden E.
Beebe to the Russian military
compound at KarlshorSt, an
East Berlin suburb, to inter-
pref the conference for him. AS
usual, the prof1tless talk
droned on all day. Mildly
frantic mentally, and physi-
cally slugged by the coarse
Russian provender, the colonel
suggested to Gen. Beebe's sec
retary a brief constitutional
before supper.
Sunset and a glimpse of
trees beckoned them outside
the stone compound. But they
were scarcely through the gate
when a Russian soldier, car
bine on back, came after them.
He had no language, but his
gestures were eloquent. Un-
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Ihon1os L. Stokes
More Unity on Foreign Policy
!oP Democrats and Republicans Now Seem Closer
AS Evidenced by Dulles and Stevenson Speeches

At top party levels of au-
thority and responsibility Re-
publicanS and Democrats seem
now to be closer to a common
approach and purpose in for
e1gn policy than at any time
since the passing of the late
Senator Arthur Vandenburg.
the Michigan Republican
leader who helped create-and
hold together-the bipartisan
foreign policy front in the
Roosevelt and Truman re-
gimes.
At least that is an almost
inevitable conclusion from the
tone and direction of speeches
last week by Democratic Party
Leader Adlai Stevenson at Chi
cago and Republican Secretary
of State John Foster Dulles
before the United Nations AS
semblX, in New York. Both
were eloquent, moving and in
spring. and. should not only
sn6ake Us proud, but remind us
that it is possible for us to
stand together limited in a
crfSfs, G,F+t SNdi1 - Ds79+ss,,,.-
There IS ON one threat to such
unity. Already we are getting
ready for another of our con-
stantly recurring national elec-
tions. We are certain to hear
from the stump in next years
Congressional election cam
paign the distortions we heard
last year. That was apparent
in the immediate cries of soft
on Communism" and zap
peaser" hurled at Adlai Ste
venson in a manifestly parti-
san fuSillade.
Secretary Dulles, of course.
had no part whatever in that.
Nor will he. But, prime among
his responsibilities in the COM
ing months as the campaign
unfolds is to restrain an ele-
ment In his party, a minority
but well-entrenched and OUT
Evening star., 1953-09-21

Immediately after the war,
and obviously well and pre-
cisely informed, holds out no
such perspective. He believes
that Russia is not looking for
foreign adventures now, but
does not encourage the notion
that she will not fight for what
she holds, or sell it except for
a high price.
Is Russia laundering eco
nomically?
The September issue of the
Nations Business "a publica-
ton of the United States
Chamber of Commerce) re-
ports that in the past seven
years Russia's steel output has
risen 1913 per cent while ours
rose 73 per cent; that from
1948-53 Russian production
rose II per cent to our 4.3 per
cent; that Russia's per capita
income, though way below that
of the United States, Canada,
Australia and a few North Eu-
ropean countries, is three
fourths that of France, half
that Of Britain, above that Of
Italy and Spain and on a par
with those of Japan and Ar
gentina. It is way above the
per capita incomes Of a bill
lion Africans and Asiatics.
I don't assume the United
States Chamber of Commerce
is an instrument of Soviet
propaganda and recommend
the article to the trigger-happy
who think Russia is about to
crack up.
There are many weaknesses
in the Soviet, but there are
many weaknesses in the West
ern System-if we can claim a
Western system. And all
though courage is a primary
virtue, recklessness is not.
There is no greater error Of
craftsmanship than to under
rate an opponent or overrate
ones own capacities.
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Dorothy Thompson
Dorothy Thompson
Why Europe Doubts u. S. Po|icy
a Symposium Of Ideas Shows Gen. Wedemeyer
To Be More Cautious Than Civilians on Russia

One can understand why
Europe doubts American pol
icy by reading a symposium in
the September 18th issue of
the New Leader. The con-
tributors are James Burnham
(author of 1.-THE Coming De-
feat of CommunismO, Elmer
Davis (former director of
OVID, Senator Flanders of
Vermont. Averell Hartman,
Senator Humphrey, Edgar A.
Mowrer, veteran foreign cor
respondent, Boris Shub, for
merly director of Radio Rias,
Berlin, and Gen. Albert C.
Wedemeyer.
These distinguished gentle
men do not wholly agree on
what to do about Russia. Mr..
Burnham and Mr.. Shub advo-
cate the most dynamic"
policies. Mr.. Burnham, who
has the counterrevolutionary
zeal of a former Communist,
considers America passive and
negative, advocates a policy
Of liberation. and, with Mr..
Shub. is against a conference
with Soviet leaders under any
conditions whatever.
Senator Humphrey favors a
conference. if it is under
strong and specific condi-
tfons." No one else holds
forth any hopes.
All agree that American
Evening star., 1953-09-21

is seen here as a reflection Of
their political weakness and in
no sense a military misgiving,
as they have all the guns.
Harsh as they are as an oc-
cupying power, they did not
dare to fire.
1t is remembered too that
the East Berliners get a far
heater look Fat the Red Army
is permitted the allies.
HDEfully, West Berliners sug-
geEt that therefore East Ber-
liners fear it less.
The distribution Of food
parcels to the East is petering
out. 1t was successful and in
sitSeafly days dramatic spec
tacle. IT proved that, while
East Germany is not starving,
its subsistence diet is bitterly
resented. No American would
take any chance at all to get
the staples in those packages;
East Berliners took many.
1t does not do to be too
cheerful about Berlin in spite of
recent Developments. The Rus
slams still have all the guns
in the East sector. West Ber-
liners are still deprived of
normal economic existence
its production is only so per
cent of prewar. It still must
shelter refugees and it ha
100000 unemployed.
Since the West German elec-
ton two weeks ago, however.
1t must be said that, westward,
Look! the land is bright"
Evening star., 1953-09-21

Beyond that, this new Con.
gress failed to pass a measure
that would socialize American
medicine thereby necessitating
aSSembly-line techniques for
the treatment of the i'll.
The Brannan farm plan to
make the American farmer a
Government ward wasn't even
mentioned.
Instead, the Congress moved
to take the Government out Of
competition with private enter
prise, providing for the sale Of
Government-owned synthetic
rubber plants, and 1t estab-
lished a commission to investi-
gate the whole complex field Of
Federal-business relations so
that further gains may be
made in this trend away from
socialism.
But this is not the Con-
gressional Record, and my
space is running out.
Let me admit to just one or
two more things we didn't do
in the first session of the 83d
Congress.
We didn't provide for the
further growth of bureaucracy.
We didn't pass a single law
that would give the executive
branch an opportunity to put
new thousands on the Federal
payrollS.
And we didn't grab more
power from the States to pro-
mote the Capitalization of au-
thority in Washington.
Instead. we approved 10 ma
jor reorganization plans de-
signed by the Eisenhower ad-
miniStration to carry out
pledges of new efficiency at
less cost in the operation Of
Government.
We established the rights Of
States to resources within their
traditional boundaries while
upholding the rights of the
Federal Government to those
resources found in or on the
continental shelf which lies
beyond the State boundaries.
We called on a group of dis
tinguished Americans to help
us formulate a program for re-
turning a greater share of self
government to the State and
local levels, where it belongs in
our form of political society.
In short, the first session of
the Republican 83d Congress
didn't give the American peo-
pie the kind of spendthrift,
socialistic, bureaucratic legis-
lation they had been getting
for a generation.
1t Just hammered out a solid
record of accomplishment on
behalf Of free, strong and
prosperous Nation.
Evening star., 1953-09-21

weeks ago before the American
Legion convention at st. Louis.
A year-old comment favorable
to President Truman. on Korea
was picked up and sensational
lied but the real news-a dis
cussion of hook burning
was almost totally ignored by
the reporters in the press box
at the convention. One would
suppose by any of the custom
ary standards that what a Vice
President of the United States
says in his speeches is news
especially if he discusses
"book burning" What the Vice
President said that day on the
subject has not yet been pub
lished in whole or in part by
many newspapers because they
didn't receive it from the press
associations. The full text of
the section of Mr.. Nixon'S
speech of August 81 relating
to book burning"-which in
cidentally got the biggest
round of applause-follows:
I'VE have heard a lot of
talk about book burning dur
ing the past few months. A
great editorial controversy has
been raging on the subject and,
under the circumstances, I
think it would be well to put
some of the issues in perspec-
tive.
"The controversy began, as
you will recall. over the books
which are in the libraries of
our Foreign Information Serv-
ice abroad. I think all of us
will agree that the taxpayers
of the United States should not
have to pay for the disSemi-
nation of Communist propa-
ganda in Spec1al-purpoSe IL
braries set up abroad for the
express purpose of presenting
the American position in it's
best light.
"But there has unfortunately
been a tendency for the con-
troversy to spill over into a
second field which should not
be confused with the first.
What about public libraries in
the United States? Should they
contain books advocating the
Communist idea written by
Marx, Lenin. Stain and other
Communist authors?
I'm this connection it is well
Evening star., 1953-09-21

like the French people, have
not forgotten what their ma
ton suffered from Hitlerite
Germany during the Second
World War. They expect, and
they are entitled to, assurances
against a repetition of such
events"
Stevenson: Some of the
misunderstanding Chat is,
about the United States
abroad) may seem incredible
to us, but it is well to try to
see ourselves as others see U.S."
Dulles: 1--WE are ready to
learn from others. :. We know
that we have no monopoly Of
wisdom and virtue. Also we
know that sometimes time
alone provides the final ver-
dict"
An elevating spirit of pa
tience and tolerance, coupled
with firmness, dominates the
thinking of both men. and we
all could well rise to that.
Evening star., 1953-09-21

port that they started work in
June, 1851, and have completed
the section of road between
Kangting and Chamdo. Con-
struction of the road at the other
terminus, from LhaSa east to
Taichao, is officially stated to
be about so per cent completed.
Work also is being pushed on
the section of the route through
Jyekundo and Shining that con-
meets with China's Central Asian
highway and new railhead at
Lanchow in KanShu province.
Chinese Red Army units are
used to help build the road
across the wind-swept Tibetan
plateau and over snow-capped
mountain ranges more than 49,
600 feet high. This section of
Tibet is mostly two miles above
sea level and contains some of
the worlds roughest terrain.
U. S. Army Made Surveys.
American technicians made
preliminary surveys Of the re-
gion during World War I when
the United States Army explored.
possible overland supply routes
from India to Free China that
would bypass Japanese forces in
North Burma. They decided the
time and investment required
to construct such a road would
be prohibitive. It was then esti-
mated that special attachments
would be needed for truck en-
gines in order to permit them
to operate effectively at roughly
3 miles above sea level.
Construction of the Tibetan
highway and other routes into
the hinterland is essentially
Communist attempt to find a
way to maintain Peiping's au-
thority over such national mi
norities" as the Tibetans, Mon
golians, Moslems and numerous
smaller tribal peoples.
Since Completing their, con-
quest Of Tibet in 1950-51, the
Chinese Communists have main
tanned a substantial political and
military mission in Lhasa. And
Red army troops are stationed
at key centers throughout Tibet.
But these Chinese Communist
officials who want to travel fast
to and from Lhasa go by way
of India.
Evening star., 1953-09-21

spoken in Congress, which. in
fact, Adlai Stevenson described
aptly in his Chicago speech
men less concerned with
strengthening our alliances
abroad than appeasing our iso-
lationists at home" To this
noisy crew, the administration
previously has yielded on oc-
casion as Mr.. Stevenson sug-
gested.
What he said was tacit warn
ing. 1t should carry weight,
for it was Democrats who
helped to repel this Republican
element on major issues of for
eign policy in the last session,
and who must be relied upon
again, as Mr.. Dulles we'll
knows. Mr.. Dulles also knows
how closely attuned are he and
Adlai Stevenson on overriding.
overall objectives, and how
valuable this can be in man
agement of our foreign policy.
and how false was the charge
of "appeaser" leveled at Adlai
Stevenson. 1t could have been
as well directed at the Secre-
tary of State; for an examina-
tion of the two speeches re-
veals significant parallels,
some on positions that caused
the 1862 Democratic presiden-
tiar candidate to be called
"appeaser.'"
Each expressed a willingness
to explore all possibilities of
negotiation with Russia grow
ing from an appreciation of
the direful meaning of the hy-
drogen-bomb age, but with a
challenge to Russia that she
must now come forward in
good faith. Each called for
new steps toward disarma-
ment, Each exhibited an un-
derstanding that the Russian
people, too, have fears and
that these must be recognized
by assurances Of non-aggres-
Evening star., 1953-09-21
CommunistsW
On Highway TO Link
China With Lhasa
By Albert RovenhoIt
Foreign Correspondent Of The Sfor and
the Chicago Daily News

HONG KONG, Sept. 21.-The
Chinese Communists are build
ing a road roughly 1000 miles
long across the ''roof of the
world" It will link China proper
with the T1betan capital Of
Lhasa.
This new highway opening up
the hitherto largely isolated land
of the Buddhist ,lamas is one of
series of roads the new Peiping
government is pushing through
China's backward western and
northern regions. Their an
nounced purpose is to encourage
economic and cultural develop
ment and trade. They also per-
NIT the consolidation of Com
munist political and military
control.
The road to LhaSa starts at
the end of the truck route built
by the Chinese NationalistS from
Chengtu, capital of the rich and
populous West China province of
.Szechuan, west of Kangting in
Sikang Province. From Kang-
ting it follows the old Yak Car
avan trail northwest along the
upper tributaries of the Yangtze
River and west to Chamdo,
(ChantU then it crosses the up
per reaches Of the Mekong and
Salween rivers and continues
west into the holy city of Lhasa.
Action Completed.
Northwest Of Kanting another
road branches off following the
headwaters Of the Yangtze River
to Jyekundo (Yushu). This
route. on which the Chinese Ma
tionalists worked during the war
with Japan, swings northeast
past the Anne Machin Noun
tains to Sining, the capital of
Chinghai province.
The Chinese Communists re-
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Ackerman DiscIaims
Gift Of the Sea- Land
BY the Associated Press

SALISBURY, Md, Sept. 90
Leon s. Ackerman, Washington
real estate man, said today he
does not want any "gift of the
sea-"
He referred to claims for land
patents filed in the State land
Offices by Robert Craig Walker,
New York and Washington en-
gineer.
Mr.. Walker claimed the
beach front south of Ocean City
has been eroding to the point
where land has actually dis
appeared in the sea. However,
he said the erosion action has
been building new land and it
is unowned.
Mr.. Walker filed claims to the
Evening star., 1953-09-21

land on behalf of himself and
Mr.. Ackerman and called the
new land a gift of the sea-" A
conSultant for Mr.. Ackerman,
he proposed the land be dedi-
Gated to public use.
Mr.. Ackerman, informed Of
the claim, said, "It's not mine,
and I'm not interested in it.
Evening star., 1953-09-21

Constantine BroDn Is on pa
cation. His guest columnist for
today is Representative Charles
A. HGlleck. Republican of In
diana, majority floor leader in
the House, tDho does a sUitch-
ero0 presentation of w1at the
Republican 83d Congress
"dtdn't dO.")
Evening star., 1953-09-21
BruziI Most of Continent

RIO DE JANEIRO. - Brazil,
with about S,285,000 square miles
in area, occupies more than one
half of the total of South Amer
ica
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Britain BUYS Butter

Special purchases from Argen-
tina. Poland and Norway enabled
one-ounce boost in the British
butter ration to four ounces
weekly.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1953-08-29
TRINITY G.. M. E. CHURCH
2nlA NV 5th Court
ST. MATTHEW'S
FREEWILT. BAPTIST
4Os NV. 21st Street

Sunday School ........... Gas am
Morning Service ............ 1890 am
Evening Service ........... 7:45 p.m
Come out and enjoy worship
ping with us. You are alway'
welcome.
Rev. j. B. Woodley, pastor
Mrs. Mildred Gibson, PsD.