davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03
Sun Highway To
Be Open by June |

Indications are that Going-to-
the-Sun Highway throughout its
5O-mile stretch will be open for
motor traffic by June /. By mid.
April snow-clearance is expected
to reach the head of Lake Nc.
Donald and Avalanche camp.
ground. Already cleared is the
Babb- Many Glacier stretch of IL
miles.
On the basis of early opening
of the Sun Highway, there are
indications that park travel will
get an early start and will be in
a commanding position to exceed
last years all-time record.
There is already a flood of in
quiries in the hands of the Park
Service regarding prospective
travel, according to Supt. J. w.
Emmert.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03
Mrs. McDougaI| Home
From Utah Visit

Mrs. Eda McDougall returned
home ! a 81 Friday fro m Mt.
Pleasant, Utah, where she had
been visiting her daughter. Joy
Anne, who is attending Wasatch
Academy. Her mother was call
ed there in January because of
her daughters illness from flu.
Having later recovered, she is
now in the best of health. She
is a member of the senior class
and will be graduated in May.
Mrs. McDougal, while at Mt.
Pleasant, had the honor to act as
chaplain at a meeting of the
Order of Eastern Star during the
official visit of the Utah Worthy
Grand Matron.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03

Leo Kennerly, who is running
for reelection, and Lester K.
johnson. Kennerly has served
on the school board for several
terms. johnson is a rancher in
the district, with five years resi-
dence. His family includes a
wife and five children.
The polls will be at the high
school and will be open from IL
noon to 6 p. m.
At the Town election Monday,
Continued on last page)
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03
School Election Tomorrow,
City Election Monday

With two elections Immediate
ly ahead of voters, one the
trustee election of School District
No. 9 tomorrow afternoon and
the other the biennial Town cleo
ton, Monday, citizens qualified
to participate have occasion to
ponder in a serious vein. In fact.
every election is and should be a
serious matter.
At the school election, voters
will name one trustee for a three.
year term. The candidates are
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03
Demonstration
Club Meeting
Monday Evening

The Browning Home Demon.
stration Club will meet at the
Yegen Cafe banquet room next
Monday evening at 7:30.
The club, which was organ
lied a month ago, meets the sec.
ond and fourth Monday of each
month.
Officers include Mrs. Ed Aub.
ert, president; Irene Goss, vice.
president and Florence Parsons,
secretary-treasurer.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03
Bake Sale Tomorrow

The Guild of the Transfgura-
ton will hold a bake sale in the
bank annex tomorrow morning
from $50 to IL. Various sump-
tuous delicacies and specialties,
baskets filled with delectable
Easter candies and cookies, will
be on SALE
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03
Public Welfare
Program Under
Better Control

| Montana's IL million dollar a
year public welfare program will
be subject to better control as a
result of three Reorganization
Commission bills enacted by
The Thirty-third Legislation
Assembly, according to the
! Montana Taxpayer. The three
improvements are ID abandon
ment of secrecy in welfare rolls.
which probably will deter many
undeserving from applying IT, a
property lien and recovery pro-
vision which in some states has
reduced caseloads as much as 20
percent and 90 a relative respon-
sibility law which will compel
fathers, mothers, sons, daught-
ers, husbands, and wives to
contribute to the support of their
INDECENT kinfolk when financially
able to do so.
The report said that in other
states the lifting o f the iron
curtain of secrecy has had none
of the evil affects expected by the
opponents of the move but on
t h e contrary has increased
administrative efficience and has
increaced public confidence in the
welfare rolls. The new Montana
laws. B. l5) provides that a list
showing names of welfare recip-
tents shall be filed quarterly with
the county clerk and recorder and
provides strict penalties for any
use of such lists for purposes not
directly connected with admins
tration Of the law.
The recovery act Is. B. 16) re-
quires that applicants for public
assistance m u agree t h t
assistance paid shall constitute an
obligation which shall be secured
by lien upon all real property
that is owned by the applicant or
thereafter acquired while on the
welfare rolls.
! The law does not deprive the re-
cipient or his dependents of their
home but effectively allows
recovery from the estate of tax
money paid to welfare recipients.
Experience n other S tates
indicates that strong lien and
recovery laws have been instru-
mental in promoting economy in
welfare programs it was started.
The relative responsibility law
Is. r. ~ sets up a schedule of
contributions respon sible
relatives are expected to make
for the support of sons
receiving public assistance. Thus,
a son or daughter with no depen-
dents and monthly income of
$470 would be required to con-
tribute $40 per month to h is
INDECENT father or mother. The
Welfare Department, in admins
tering t h e ct, may inspect
income tax returns filed with the
State Board of Equalization in
order to determine the financial
circumstances of relatives.
Similar laws in other states have
been important factors in limiting
eligibility for public welfare and
in conserving funds for use by
those in real need. according to
the taxpayer report.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03
Gerard Couple
Celebrate
Wedding Event


The 5Oth wedding anniversary
of Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Gerard, Sr.
was celebrated at their home on
Tuesday afternoon of last week,
many Of their legion of friends
visiting them between 2 and 5 to
express their well wishes and to
enjoy the traditional refresh
ments daintily served by the hos
tesses.
Parents of five sons and three
daughters, all but one were in
attendance at the happy event.
Absent was their son. John, of
Billings, who was unable to be
away from his work on that par
ticular day of the week. The
ones present were Fred, Jr. and
James Of Cut Bank. Forrest of
Helena and Charles, Mrs. Mary
Parker, Mrs. Hazel Powers and
Mrs. LYDIA Shelton of Browning.
Husbands and wives of some of
the group were also in attend
ance.
A singular guest was Mrs.
Gerard's sister, Mrs L. G. Muir
ply of Augusta, who was accom-
panied by her husband. Mrs.
Murphy at the long-ago marri-
age of her sister was the brides
maid.
The Gerard couple were united
in marriage at a charming event
at the home of the BRIDES moth
er, Mrs. Mary Douglas, at Aug
usta March "a, 1903. The Rev.
FIR. Smell, pastor of the Catholic
Church, officiated.
An old photograph, taken of
the couple at the time of the
wedding, picturizes h m as
handsome, she being gowned in
"a white silk trousseau, with a
long streaming veil.
The groom is dressed in an ap-
lpropriate black suit-a perfect
"'Jim-dandy." Thirty years of
;aee at the time, today's receded
lhair-line, with thin gray hair as
"a sort of vestige of a once crown
ing glory of heavy and flashy
black hair is eloquent of the fact
that time is on the wing hair or
no hair.
Mr.. Gerard came to the Black
feet Reservation in 1896. After
his marriage his bride Joined him
in making this immediate section
their permanent home.
For a number of years Mr..
Gerard was in the early-day H.
dian Service. being employed as
superintendent of livestock. In
those days around Is, O0O head of
Indian-owned head of cattl lie,
which were supplied by the fed
eral government, were grazed
upon the Blackfeet Reservation.
In other years Mr.. G era d
own e d and oper ted a
cattle ranch on Milk River. In
1882 he was elected county COM
missioner of Browning District
and was reelected in 1888.
But what about Mrs. Gerard,
the helpmate, who has g o n e
down through the long years as
to finally realize that the mar
riage knot" tied so years ago has
endured firmly-like o t h e r of
life's beautiful and sacred things!
Motherhood, loyalty, love, pat
fence a d forbearance-these
worthily enshrine her. What
more deserving honor than that
%: being The National Mother of
1853.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03

Mr.. and Mrs. Sid Brown, Jr.
are leaving this week for San
Diego, Calf, where they will
make their future home.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03
A New Salad

n 1NtW 0AIHU
For different salad, combine
carrots, peanuts, and raisins with
mayonnaise, place the mixture on
lettuce leaves. and arrange orange
sections around the edge.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03
Madrid

Madrid
SPANS capital, Madrid, lies al.
most at the exact geographic CEN
ter OF the country.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1953-04-03

Renew your subscription.
Evening star., 1953-05-12
No Time to Cripple Our Air Arm
Economy Drive Nay Cost More Than U S. Can Afford
Especially If 1t Means Fewer Planes in Troubled Skies

truce is only a trap to permit
the enemy to rehabilitate his
chewed-up forces in the course
Of the inevitably protracted
armistice and peace" nego-
tiationS.
The Pentagon and State De-
partment have definite infor-
nation that hundreds of new
type jet fighters have reached
Manchuria in the last few
weeks. At the same time heavy
military equipment is being
rushed across Siberia to Har-
bin. Thence it is being sent
by the recently completed rail
network to the Yalu River or
to Southern China in prepara-
ton for another blow at South
east ASA after the end of the
monsoon season 'early next
September. Traffic on the
Observation-Disclosures railway
is heavier than ever.
The recent survey Of the
U.S.S.R.'s military strength by
Gen. Speidel, the Bonn Repub-
lies liaiSon officer with the
NATO, shows that the Reds
have 220 combat divisions un-
der arms. OF these, no less
than 81 are armored. The Red
air force is conservatively es-
timated at $4,000 first line
planes including "at least"
5000 Jets. Another 200 Red
divisions can be mobilized
within 80 to 80 days. The
combat strength of the Euro
pean satellite countries is esti-
mated at is million men with
an appropriate number Of
fighter planes.
Gen. Speidel's report is re-
ceiving much attention not
only because it dovetails with
the estimates Of the NATO
intelligence but also because
the former chief of staff Of
the desert fox" Marshal Err
win Rommel, is known for
painstaking accuracy in his
evaluations. Moreover. he has
some special sources of infor-
nation in East Germany in
the Central European satel-
lites which are not available
to the allies.
It is an unpleasant fact that
insofar as the United States
is concerned, the choice of the
Government must be between
guns Cor more accurately air
planes) and butter. This does
not necessarily apply to our
Western European allies. They
no longer are the actual target
OF the Kremlin's aggression.
Evening star., 1953-05-12

Also, when a Senator sup
porting Governor Stevenson in
the 1852 campaign publicly
threatened to investigate and
then ask for laws Furnishing
certain periodicals which were
supporting President Eisen-
hover and did urge that their
postal rates be increased be-
cause Of their views, no left
winger rose to ask that the
Senator be repudiated. Last
year another Democratic Sen
ator threatened a New York
publishing company with pos
sible loss OF a tax deduction
claiming as a business expense
the cost of an advertisement
in a local newspaper express
ing views different from his
own On controversial subject.
The fact is. these Senators
had a right to say what they
pleased about the press, just as
the press has a right to say
what it pleaSes about them.
The wisdom Of such attempts
at coercion and intimidation
might well be questioned lust
as the wisdom Of Senator Nc
Carthy might be questioned by
those who differ with his anal
ysis Of what a witness has writ
ten or done. To say that the
first amendment to the Consti-
tuition, guaranteeing freedom
Of the press, Is abridged because
a Senator makes an irrelevant
interrogation of a witness is to
put the press above all law and
to ask that rights be granted
which other citizens do not en-
joy before congressional COM
mitteeS.
There is infringement, of
course, where there is sup
preston and prohibition of
the written word but not when
Congress merely wants to
know if an editor was once a
member Of the Communist
Party and whether, when he
has broken with that party, he
still publishes doctrine close to
the Communist line or doc
trine which plainly contradicts
the Communist line, as the
case may be. The pattern that
Communist inflltration takes
in America, whether it goes
into the behavior of individual
newSpapermen or movie ac-
tors or clergymen, is clearly
within the right of Congress to
investigate, and there is no
violation of constitutional
rights involved unless Congress
passes a law in any way abridg-
ing those rights. Certainly it
isn't a crime yet for Senators
or Representatives to chastise
the press even as the press
chastiseS them.
Evening star., 1953-05-12
Doris Fieeson:
Churchill Mends Some Fences
His Call for BgThree Meeting Was Only for Consumption
Of Restve British Voters Now Leaning More to Labor

When Prime Minister Win
ston Churchill suggested a new
high-level conference of the
leading powers, he had no in
formation that is not available
here nor any different grounds
for hope than the Eisenhower
administration possesses.
What he did have is some
thing in large supply here, and
that is domestic political prob
lens. His speech was designed
to satisfy a British public opin-
ion which recent events in this
country have made increas-
ingly restive.
His countrymen made their
dissatisfaction known to Sir
Winston Enthusiastically in re-
cent city council elections
where Labor made decisive
gains. Admittedly, the vote was
light, but Labor regained con-
troll Of nine big British cities
which are important guides to
the nations state of mind.
It is believed here that
Churchill would personally
have preferred to continue his
outspoken support of President
Eisenhower's policy, but be-
came convinced that the price
at home was higher than the
Conservatives could afford.
Thus there seems little
reason to anticipate that an
Eisenhower = Churchill -Malen-
kov meeting is any nearer as
Evening star., 1953-05-12
Constantine Brown:

A story is current in WASH
ington that efficiency experts
canvasSing the Pentagon en-
tered a room in which two
men sat at their desks. One
was asked What are you do
ingP" The answer was "Noth-
ing" The second was asked
the same question and the re-
ply was the same. The experts
whispered to each other and a
decision was reached on the
spot. This is a definite exam
pie of duplication. One of these
two must co.
This is, Of course, Just one
Of many jibes at Washington's
bureaucracy which needs and
is expected to get a thorough
trimming. But at present in
the frantic drive for economy
Congress may err by cutting
much Of the lean when it en-
deavors to get rid Of the sur
plus fat. This is especially true
in connection with pending
cuts in naval and ground
based air power.
The previous administration
made a similar mistake in
1949 and 1850 when the then
Secretary of Defense Louis
Johnson reduced the Air Force
from an approved 10 groups to
less than 48 and also ordered
drastic cuts in naval air power.
The excuse used then was that
there was no longer an actual
risk of immediate conflict with
the u. S. S. r.
Intelligence estimates pro-
duced by the administration
indicated that the MuScovites
were going 70 continue to
rattle the saber in Western
Europe. The administration
also concluded that there was
no danger Of a Communist ag-
gression in Asia, except pos
sibly against Formosa and no
body in the Government cared
what happened there. Within
q few months the Reds in
vaded Korea.
The situation is far more
critical now. Even inveterate
wishful thinkers no longer
speak about there being no
threat to our security. Off,
cially, the administration is
taking no more stock in the
Kremlin's peace offensive"
than in Satan's friendly smile.
In Asia, the antics of the
Reds should put us on guard
more than ever. High person.
alities in the Government adj
NIT that the proposed Korean
Evening star., 1953-05-12
Juror Needs Common Sense,
Judge Tells Citizens Group

A Federal Judge here last night
offered his opinion that the "edu-
Gated man is not always the best
juror"
Judge Alexander Holtzof, Of
the q. s. District Court for the
District Of Columbia. said that
common sense, a conscientious
attitude and intelligence are
much more important than edu-
cation"
Speaking at a meeting Of the
Glover Park Citizens Associa-
ton, Judge Holzoff related the
story Of how a streetcar motor
man, serving on a recent. jury
panel including magazine edi-
tor and a college professor. was
always elected foreman.
And there was no delay with
the verdict" the jurist added
with a laugh.
Tracing the history Of the jury
system to England, Judge Holt
zoff declared that. when juries
make mistakes, "they almost al
ways err on the side Of leniency."
Evening star., 1953-05-12
Fletcher Knebel:
Potomac Fever

Prime Minister Churchill big conference at
"he highest level" Don't about the altitude Winnie
we'll be satisfied with place where get the Russians
the level.
Churchill backs a Korean truce without a united Korea.
Britain isn't lodging this issueshe taking m standst
Representative Dan Reed. Republican of New York
Ike has run the white flag in trying to balance the budget
Republicans have brought dignity to Government They
quit fighting without formal surrender ceremonies
Democrats drive against the Eisenhower admnistra
higher interest Democrats suspect Republican
plot money that people will quit eecting
Democrats to throw it away.
% Americans Federal State local
payroll the Census Bureau reports OF the other 2
Democrat-and half expectant Republicans
Judiciary Committee $4,000 raise
Congressman It's guaranteed to produce better
fact, most Congressman feel better already.
committee considers establishment Of national
golf day. Golf ideal for the human race-the win
fellow who xpends the least amount Of effort getting
back where he started from
Evening star., 1953-05-12

He said 1t is virtually unknown
for Q jury to convict an innocent
person.
Admitting that most citizens
regard q summons to jury duty
as distasteful as a plunge into
cold water. Judge Holtzoff said
that inconvenience is a small
price to pay for democracy.
In other business. Henry Back
enheimer was reelected presi-
ident Of the association. Other
officers named were:. L. P. Walsh,
first vice president: j. K. Berry.
second vice president: j. e.
Sharkey, secretary: Mrs. Eliza
beth A. Reavis, treasurer; and
Miss Rosa Backenheimer, SER
geant.
Elected delegates to the North
west Council were Mrs. j. K.
Berry and Eugene Reavis. Fed
GRAFTON delegates are Mr.. Back
enheimer and J. S. McMullen.
The group met in the Stoddert
School, Fortleth and Calvert
streets N w.
Evening star., 1953-05-12
No Crime to Criticize the Press
There Was No Cry About Press Freedom From Leftists
When the Wagner Act Was Applied to the Newsroom
David LoWrence:

Because Senator Mccarthy,
as chairman of a Senate COM
mittee, ventured to ask a news
paper editor to explain his
one-time membership IN a
Communist group and to ex-
plain also his present-day
views on communism, a hue
and cry has gone up from GER
tain quarters that this in
fringes upon the freedom Of
the press.
The cry comes mostly from
left-wingerS who were strange
ly silent and indeed ridiculed
the complaint Of the newspaper
publishers back in 1885 when
the latter asked the courts to
exempt them from the pro-
visions Of the Wagner labor re-
lationS law on the ground that
it violated freedom Of the
press. But that law was up
held, and the Supreme Court
said newspapers had to bargain
collectively with writer's and
editorial employees even though
such members had become af-
flliated with q national labor
union and conceivably might
hold partisan or theological
views opposite to that Of the
newspaper employing them and
perhaps in the editors judg-
ment could not write fairly on
labor-relationS matters.
Likewise, when some news
paper publishers in certain
cities had to open their files
in the last three years to in
vestigators who sought to de-
termine the pattern OF the re-
lationships between the news
papers and their customers
over a long period Of time. no
left-winger got up to defend
the newspapers as immune
from investigation under the
antitrust laws.
Likewise, a few years ago.
when a New York labor union
of newspaper reporters was
found to be dominated by Com
munistS, Congress had the
right to investigate that sub
ject but didn't. The newspaper
men in New York who were
anti Communist cleaned house.
But Congress has the right to-
day to look into what hap
pened. In fact. recently a Sem
ate committee headed by Sen
ator Humphrey, Democrat. Of
Minnesota did feel that the
subject Of Communist -domi-
mated unions was a proper mat
ter for inquiry. There could
not have been any justified OBJ
lection, therefore, to such an
inquiry if it had included news
paper writer's in the New York
union. So, the subject isn't
novel.
Evening star., 1953-05-12
Heart Ailments Killed
10000 in U. S. in 81

NEW YORK.-More than 750,-
900 persons died Of heart ailments
in 1852. over three times the
number Of deaths from cancer.
26 times those caused by tubercu-
losis,- and more than the next
five causes of death combined.
More than a third of the heart
victims were under age IS. and
of all the persons who died be-
tween the ages Of Is and A,
nearly Is per cent were victims
of heart diseases.
Evening star., 1953-05-12

the strong local pull Of the
protective tariff advocates.
"The President has got to
furnish Congressman with a
powerful alibi for not respond
ing to local pressure" one
Southerner put it. THAT alibi
Is defense and security for the
Nation. If the President doesn't
furnish national-interest lead
ership, there won't be any"
The British are irked by Sem
ator McCarthy's personal en-
barge on trade with China
which cuts across what they
feel are their own efforts to
come to an accommodation
with the State Department on
this troublesome question. An
other trade headache for them
was the Defense Departments
refusal to accept a low British
bid on equipment for a West
Coast dam.
In the Korean sector, there
are also mutterings. That
100000 reward for q MIG,
said to be the product of the
new psychological warfare ex-
perts, didn't appeal to Britain.
They are also Of the opinion
that Gen. Harrison holds too
many press conferences at the
scene Of the truce talks.
All this is the subject of out
spoken comment with which
the British Prime Minister, an
elected official, must deal.
Evening star., 1953-05-12
Lowell WeNett:
A Need for Better Intelligence
Since We Base All Policies What We Think Enemy Can
And Will Do, We Might Improve Information Channels

You don't have to be so aw-
fully old to remember when
this was a cocky, relatively
young country, prepared, emo
tionally at least, to take on all
comers-with a standing army
numbering $4,000 men. (No
women, to speak off, Our
cockiness, under all the cir
cumstances, doubtless wasn't
quite justified, but it is a pleas
ant state Of mind to remember
in contrast to that OF today.
Today our defense establish
ment Is somewhat larger. We
have ground forces totaling
is million; air forces, mil
lion; naval and Marine forces.
100000. Nots Of women in
cluded.) # the figures are not
precisely correct, they don't
err by more than a few hun
dred thousand. In any case
our armed strength, Just in
men and women, is not merely
ten times what 1t was in those
brave days Of not so long ago;
it is not merely one hundred
times: it is almost incalculably
greater.
And yet we live in a state OF
uncomfortable jitterS.
Much has happened, OF
course. to bring our big defense
forces into being on the one
hand and to produce our nerv-
Gus tension. on the other. There
have been two wars Of q mag
nitude unprecedented In world
history, with ourselves involved
In both, and there has devel-
oped an aggressive force hos
tile to our way Of life and ap-
parently prepared to challenge