davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-03-06

watched the Wisconsin Sena-
tor, from his seat on the dais.
weave a web as skillful as a
lawyer in a Russian purge trial.
THE truth is on my side"
the State Department official
said as he brought to a climax
his penetrating indictment of
the Mccarthy method, and
added that he intended to es-
tablish the truth and defend
his character. for he has al
ways been a loyal American.
That. in fact, he had done
already. He took up, one after
another. bits of information
about his past life and con-
nections which the Senator
had picked out for the pattern
he wanted to display, and, by
telling the real facts and the
whole truth about each Incl
dent and circumstance, he
completely demolished the
Mccarthy creation.
Only when you watch Sena-
tor Mccarthy operate can you
appreciate how difficult can
become the defense of any
mans character.
The trick upon which he re-
lies heavily is to string to-
gether his Pigments, his innu-
endos, his half truths and
spread them abroad over the
land before the person vilified
can get a chance to reply or,
if he is in the witness chair
Mr.. Harris called it this very
Evening star., 1953-03-06

hot seat'-to stifle him, bully
rag him. until the Mccarthy
version is neatly laid out.
This was followed to the
letter in the case of Reed Har-
r1s, who was five days before
the committee before he was
permitted to speak on his own
behalf to puncture the Nc
Carthy myth. Before that he
was kept busy explaining this
and that act as an official,
with Senator Mccarthy break
ing in constantly and trying to
twist and torture every ex-
planation. throwing in new
inSinuations, bringing up
something else.
A vengeful impulse was very
clear in the Mccarthy treat
ment of Mr.. Harris. The
State Department official had
made the mistake, so far as
the Senator is concerned, of
speaking up at the outset and
too accurately about the Nc
Carthy methods. That obvi-
ously CALLED the Senator, who
is not accustomed to such
apostasy from witnesses of
lesser stature. Those are cas-
lily intimidated, in fact are
cowed, by the very act of COM
ing into the Senate commit
tee room. with its aweSome at
mosphere, with the cameras
clicking and the prosecutor
sitting in judgment on the
daiS. Senator Mccarthy
Evening star., 1953-03-06

ease he could do away with his
satellite servants.
Incessant and effective prop
aganda made the name of
Stain a myth while he still
lived. None of the prospective
successors had glamor or in
spired terror. an essential in
gredient in any dictatorship.
Washington officials are eye
ing Communist China with
particular interest. It is be-
lieved Mao Tse-tung and Chou
En-lai derived their inspira-
ton from and paid their
obeiSance to Stain rather
than the Politburo. Stain was
their Buddha, their teacher.
whose wishes had to be obeyed.
The men in the Politburo are
considered mere equals. Hence,
some optimism prevails, par
ticularly among State Depart
ment and Pentagon officials
who have strenuousiy opposed
strong military measures
against Com m unist China,
that the disappearance of
Stain from the world picture
may induce the Peiping rulers
to adopt a more independent
foreign policy.
The White House, State De-
partment and Congress are in
tently watching developments
in Moscow. They realize that
Stains death may be a mile
stone in world history. Nobody
expects his successor to change
the policy of aggressive i'm
perialiSm into one of peace
and world cooperation. But
what most trained observers
do expect is revulsion in the
satellite countries. particularly
in Europe.
The recent purges, believed
to have been ordered by the
PreSidium-the successor to
the Politburo-are said to
have been inspired by the po-
tential successors of Stain
when they realized that their
Evening star., 1953-03-06
David Lawrence:
Dovid Lowrence:
No Substitute for Victory'
Gen. Van Fleet Has Presented the Rare Spectacle
Of.o Commander Who Believes in Winning War

They pinned a decoration on
his chest for distinguished
service-but they might better
have decorated him as the
vanishing American"
For the phenomenon of a
general who comes back home
to say that he believes in a
military victory is nowadays so
strange, so unique, so different
from what has been the doc
trine prevailing here for the
last two and a half years that
when the words fell from the
lips Of James Van Fleet, top
commander in the Korean war,
it became news of headline i'm
portance.
Why shouldn't a military
commander believe in victory?
Why shouldn't he urge that the
offensive be taken and the
enemy defeated? Why shouldn't
the troops under his command
have enough ammunition to
fire at the enemy? And who
dares to tell him not to fight
to win?
These questions would have
sounded odd to the Americans
in combat less than eight years
ago. But today billions of dol
lars can be spent on gadgets
for intercontinental wars that
may never come to pass, and
yet ammunition, so sorely
needed by the foot soldier, has
been lacking at critical mo-
mentS to our troops in Korea.
What explanation can the
Truman-Acheson administra-
ton make to these charges?
Senator Byrd, Democrat, has
demanded with indignation
that the Defense Department
get the facts of the ammuni-
tion shortage and tell them to
the public so responsibility
can be fixed.
The American people have
known that, upon instructions
from the Department of State
-so-called diplomatic policy
orders were issued in the
autumn of 1850 to counter
mand Gen. MacArthur's own
orders to his airmen to blow
up the bridges across the Yalu
River so that the Chinese
Communist armies could be
Evening star., 1953-03-06
Thomas L. Stokes:
Thonos L. Stokes:
Mccarthy Meets His Match
Reed Harris Spoke for Most Americans in Puttino
Ihe Finger on the Symbol Of Modern Inquisition

1t is encouraging, at last, to
find a symbol of the American
people who will talk back to
the symbol of modern inquisi-
tion on the dais.
Meaning, for the latter, Sen
ator Joseph r. Mccarthy, Re-
publican. of Wisconsin. And,
speaking for all of us, Reed
Harris, deputy director of the
international In forma tion
Service of our State Depart
ment.
For Mr.. Harris was speaking
for all Of us when, before Sen
ator McCarthy's Government
Operations Committee, he
gave one of the most intuitive
and devastating analyses ever
made of the Mccarthy method
of character assassination-its
sly use of innuendo. of loaded
questions designed to create a
false impression, the stringing
together of fragments of the
real truth to build up a case
tailored to fit the misleading
picture the Senator wants for
his own purposes, the refusal
to permit a witness to speak
for himself, the cat-and-mouse
technique.
He minced no words. he
pulled no punches-this slen-
der, gray-haired 43-year-old
Government servant-as he
expressed clearly and coura-
geously. but calmly and in a
quiet voice, what so many OBJ
servers have felt as they
Evening star., 1953-03-06
Doris FIeeson:
Resolution on Pocts Is Dead
Cause Of Deoth Overdose of Republican Notonoism;
Fancy Footwork by Texans Left G. O. P. Red-Foced

The first foreign policy
issue presented to the Re-
publican Congress by Presi-
dent Eisenhower - the pro-
posed declaration on the war;
time Yalta and Potsdam agree
ments-is by common consent
moribund.
Cause of death: An over
dose of Republican national
ism.
Cause of the overdose:
Failure on the part of the
White House and Secretary Of
State Dulles to consult with
majority members of the Sem
ate Foreign Relations Commit
tee before they wrote the
declaration, instead of after
wards.
Two canny Texans must be
credited with an assist to the
situation which has left
the Republicans red-faced.
Speaker Rayburn and Minority
Leader Johnson were quick to
perceive that the Dulles ver-
sion on Yalta and Potsdam
supported the Democratic posi-
tion and they nailed down
their advantage with some of
the fastest footwork seen
lately around the Capitol.
Leading Republicans admit
their embarrassment over the
developments which have been
pictured as Senator Taft's
first break with the Eisenhower
administration. They are hop
ing for a frank autopsy which
will help both White House
and Congress to avoid similar
pitfalls next time.
Present complications were
certainly not difficult to fore
see. Republicans have for a
long time used the Roosevelt
Truman agreements which
worked so badly in practice
as high powered campaign
ammunition. The nationalist
wing of the party is emo
tional about them; it's views
Evening star., 1953-03-06

How can any army ever be
trained for modern combat If
it is not trained to fight for
victory? Is the American youth
to be indoctrinated with the
concept that, when he gets on
the football gridiron, he must
not play to win but only to
achieve a nothing g-to-nothing
score?
Morale in the fighting armies
Of the world f1uctuates with the
national spirit. It was the
complacency of the French
nation. dominated by an enemy
fifth column, that ruined the
morale of the French army in
1910, and history is full of
instances where the fighting
quality of a national army dis
appears as patriotism and ma
tional spirit deterioratec.
It was right for the United
States to intervene in Korea,
but it was wrong to keep armies
there without adequate ammu-
milton. It was right to tell
American boys to sacrifice their
lives for victory in Korea-more
than 10000 have done so-but
it was wrong to tell them that
they could not use all the
weapons, including all manner
Of air power, to win and that
the foot soldier must bear the
brunt of the fighting without
the benefit of maximum mill
tary power.
Gen. Van Fleets testimony
is that there is no substitute
for victory on the battlefield"
But the general is a lone voice
crying in a wilderness of
pacifism and timidity in WASH
lngton that still permeates
some official quarters. It may
come as a shock for him to
learn that American boys have
apparently been used as guinea
pigs for experiments in inter-
national appeasement. Gen.
Van Fleet will be surprised at
the America he finds typifed
in Washington today - but
maybe his words will remind
the new administration that it
was elected on a platform Of
doing something. instead of
permitting the Korean war to
drag on indefinitely without
victory.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1953-03-06
Commons Approves
British Defense Fund
By the Associated Press

LONDON. Mar. 6.-The House
of Commons last night approved
government plans to spend more
than $4.5 billion on defense in
the coming financial year after
Prime Minister Churchill warned
the heavy load was essential in
this testing time of the free
world"
The vote was 295-254. It
came on a government white
paper outlining defense policy
that accompanied the defense
budget for the new fiscal year.
Evening star., 1953-03-06

plainly was determined to give
Mr. Harris the works" and
he did.
Finally, after five days, al
lowed to speak for himself, he
thanked the Senator and COM
mitted a bit of lese majeste by
saying such an opportunity
was unusual" as it is. Nor
are others who have been pill
loried as capable of speaking
for themselves. when rarely
permitted to do so, as Mr..
Harris. He proved himself the
match of the Senator.
The irony of this whole per-
formance, at least to one OBJ
server, was that this veteran Of
Government service, holder Of
many important posts. a man
of recognized character and
ability, had to defend himself,
alone, in the Mccarthy lions
den, with no apparent support
from the head of the great de-
partment for which he works.
In the past there have been
cabinet officers who would not
tolerate such misunderstanding
with valued and loyal employees
without resistance, or at least
protest.
What Mr.. Harris said about
the Mccarthy methods should
nave been said by some one
high in authority. But he did
very we'll for himself by him
self, and did very well also for
all of us who must sit by and
watch traditional American
fair play so abused and
corrupted.
Evening star., 1953-03-06

Perhaps they took that de-
sire too much for granted. Per-
haps also Senator Taft's in
tense partisanship was famed
by the agile Rayburn-John
tactic of publicity and unani-
mously hailing the Dulles
declaration. Both Democratic
leaders achieved a high degree
of party unity on the issue.
This. too, could have been
foreseen. The public may think
first of the Southern Demo-
Gratis as conservatives opposed
to civil rights. Washington
knows they have been a strong
bulwark of the internationalist
foreign policy, even those per-
sonally against Roosevelt and
Truman.
This week under Taft's in
f1uence the Senate Foreign Re-
lations Committee voted to
harden the resolution. When
Democratic lines held with the
distinguished George of Geor-
gia leading the attack on the
Taft amendment as "ridicu-
lous' the wastebasket began
to loom as the fate Of the
whole issue. Now the President
has refused to fight on; SEN
ators also are refusing.
Democrats have gained more
than a successful defense of
Roosevelt and Truman foreign
policy. They have savored
unity and found it good. Sen
ator Humphrey is praising
Senator George and Senator
George is enjoying a return to
influence. AS Democrats, they
naturally like to see the Re
publicans having some of the
family trouble that afflicted
them.
1t may be that the President
must in the end break with the
nationalists of his party. Even
his friends think he ought
to do it by design, not ac-
cldent, on grounds of his own
choosing.
Evening star., 1953-03-06

were strongly catered to in
the platform adopted last July.
Mr.. Dulles himself wrote the
foreign-policy plank, frankly
admitting it was designed to
hold both the nationalistS and
internationalists.
Gen. Eisenhower accepted
the platform and campaigned
on it. Having won, he called
for reputation of secret agree
mentS in his State-of the
Union message and reaped
loud cheers, but solely from the
Republican side.
Against this background,
Republican congressional lead
ers went to the White House
to preview the declaration sent
recently to the Congress. Ma
jority Leader Taft returned to
the Hill glum and taciturn.
Privately he said the proposed
language was rubbish.
BY this time, however, Sec
retary Dulles had already told
a press conference that the
declaration could be nothing
more than a weapon in psy-
Geological warfare and that he
hoped it would get bipartisan
support. He later told a House
committee that unless it got
virtually unanimous support it
would be worse than useless.
Senator Taft simmered. Eli
senhoWer Republicans say he
should have protested at the
White House conference. Mr..
Taft's friends reply it was too
late even then.
At the very least the Presi-
dent and Secretary Dulles
failed in understanding of the
Taft character. The Senator
from Ohio hates hypocrisy in
any form and it is difficult for
him to compromise his strong
feelings. The White House still
had a big advantage in the
Senator's genuine desire to
have a successful Republican
administration.
Evening star., 1953-03-06

delayed, If not prevented from
coming across into Korea.
The American people have
also known that, while the
Communist planes could come
into Korea from bases in Man
churia and strike at American
boys, the American bombers
were not allowed. by order of
President Truman and Secre-
tary Acheson, to pursue them
to their bases-because the
British objected.
But not until Gen. Van Fleet
testified before the Senate
committee was it known that
ammunition for the foot SOL
dier had been deficient. There
are, likewise, tales of anxious
hours when, if a certain ship
en- route across the Pacific had
been sunk, the fate of the en-
tire American Army in Korea
might have been tragic. There
are other details that have not
yet come out.
But Gen. Van Fleet has told
enough to alert the American
Nation to the kind of negli-
gence that has been going on
IN the conduct of the Korean
war.
The Van Fleet testimony is
sensational because it reveals
that, while billions of dollars
were being spent and billions
of taxpayers money was
being collected, the foot SOL
dier didn't have ammunition
with which to challenge the
enemy in close fighting on the
KSrean battlefront. It also
shows that victory was pos
sible. and yet the American
soldier was not allowed to
seek 1t.
The former commander of
the 9th Army tells, for in
stance, how the American
troops were about ready to
attain victory in May, 1851.
That was when Secretary of
State Acheson publicly stated
a willingness of the United
States to stop the fighting on
and around the 38th Parallel
and talk peace. The Commu-
nists accepted promptly and
then stalled. No time limit was
placed by the U. N. on the
length of the parleys.
Evening star., 1953-03-06

leader would soon depart from
this world. They intended to
secure Russia's grip on her en-
slaved neighbors by the usual
terroriStic methods.
The large number of persons
who took flight recently to the
West is an indication that
tension in the subjugated
countries has increased. These
refugees come not only from
Eastern Germany but from all
other countries behind the
Iron Curtain.
For the first time in many
months there seems to be a
unity of policy among the
Western. allies. Washington,
London and Paris are in agree
ment that nothing must be
done to give the peoples in the
U. S. S. R. the slightest i'm
preston that we intend to take
advantage of their change Of
rulers.
Foreign Secretary Anthony
Eden is believed to have urged
President Eisenhower and
Secretary Dulles to intimate
to the Chinese puppets, ,~pos-
sibly through Indian channels.
that since frictions and con-
vulsions must be expected in
Russia, they would be wise to
terminate the Korean conflict
and adopt policy independent
of that of the Kremlin which
they have been following
since 1850.
At the same time the ad-
ministration intends to use all
available means to present to
the satellites in Europe a pos
sibility that they could now
shake off the Russian yoke.
By showing determination they
might be able to follow Yugo-
Slavia's footsteps. This chance
is now offered them since, if
there is no internal struggle
over the succession to Stain,
the new Kremlin regime will
require a considerable time to
consolidate itself.
Evening star., 1953-03-06

The budget itself will be voted
on later.
Mr.. Churchill admitted that
the planned arms load of 1886
100000 pounds ($4,582,8 1923, ,00O)
would strain Britains economy
to the limit.
But he told the lawmakers
that what we are faced with
is not violent jerk but a long
pull"
The Prime Minister avoided
any direct predictions on the
cold war, but he rejected a
Laborite suggestion for a cut
in the nations two-year draft
term.
ut is not at present in any
way justified by the interna-
tional situation" he declared.
ANY sign of weakening purpose
would undermine what good al
ready has been done"
i Mr.. Churchill said that Britain
Evening star., 1953-03-06
Rochester Student Council
To Visit Gaithersburq

Fifteen members from the
Irondequoit High School Stu
dent Council of Rochester. N. Y.
will be guests this week end
of Gaithersburg High School
council members, who visited
the New York school earlier this
year.
The visitors we're to arrive to-
day and attend classes with
their hosts. Their four-day
itinerary will include visits to
Maryland University, the Naval
Academy and Capitol Hill.
Evening star., 1953-03-06

has 100000 men in active serv-
ice, yet the fact remains that
we have not a single combatant
division in this country"
The Nome nugget., 1953-03-04
Voice" Official Accuses Sen. Mccarthy of Unfair Investigation

WASHINGTON, R - Re e d Harris, a State Department of ficial, accused Sen. Mccarthy yes terday of running an unfair in vestigation of the Voice of Am erica, and told him:
 Tt is my public neck you are very skillfully trying to wiring"
 Mccarthy heads the Senate in- vestigations subcommittee which is looking into the activities of the State Departments overseas information program, including radio broadcasts by the Voice
 Harris is acting chief of the h. ternationaI Information Admins tration, the department agency concerned.
 Harris protested bitterly at the public airing of his suspension from Columbia University in 1882, and the committee attitude on a book he wrote at about the same time defending socialists and what he termed Communists with a small C."
 He defined a Communist with a small as a Marxist not then recognizable as under Soviet dom ination.
The Nome nugget., 1953-03-04
Five Person Perish In NY. Furniture Factory Flash Fire

NEW YORK, RAAt least six persons - five of them women - perished in ightning-quick fire that flashed through a Bronx fur niture factory Tuesday. Bremen said there may be more loss of life"
 The six bodies were brought out by gasmasked firemen, who braved flames and dense smoke to rush inside the. two-story struc- ture at River Avenue and 150th Street.
 Scores of panicky workers fled from the building when the blaze broke out
 The furniture company, the Utility Airlite Manufacturing Co.,, was situated on the ground floor and employed 12O men and women.
The Nome nugget., 1953-03-04
WEATHER FORECAST
Compilad hv the

Compiled by the US. Dept. of Commerce Weather Bureau Partly coludy tonight and to- morrow. Winds light and vari- able. Lowest temperature expec- ted tonight IS, high tomorrow 5. Nome data last 24 hours as of ' am. today: High temperature 2, low -21. Max. wind mph from the north. Sunrise at a.m., sunset at 5:29 pm.
 Temperatures a year ago today: high 5, low IS. Extremes this date since 1907: high 33 in 1949, low -32 in 1922.
 Other c4afianS y1 +odav.
The Nome nugget., 1953-03-04
Matanuska Banker Sentenced 4 Years For EmbeZZlement

ANCHORAGE, R - Jack E. Maze, former manager of the Matanuska Valley Bank at Pal mer, Monday pleaded guilty to charges of embezzlement and forgery and was sentenced to serve four years in jail.
 The sentence was handed down by Judge George w. Folta at the recommendation of US. Attorney Seaborn Buckalew, who told the court that accountants still don't know how short the bank is as a result of the irregularities.
 The indictments were returned against Maze last fall by the grand jury. One accused him of embedding approximately $1O0,- 900 in bank funds between April 1949 and December 2, 1851. The second indictment charged him with forging the signature of two Palmer men on a $12,000 note.
 Defense Attorney Ralph Moody blamed MaZe's difficulties on the fact that "he was just a good fel- low, too good for his own good" He said neither Maze nor his fam fly received one cent of the em- bezzled funds.
 Maze's troubles began, Moody said, when two Palmer enter prises, already financed to the limit, overdrew their accounts while Maze was outside" Instead of putting a clamp on them when they asked more time to cover the withdrawals, Maze helped them out by forging 10 es on either fictitious or real people
 Moody said the 39-year-old de- fendant, his wife and six-year-old youngster have no money After his arrest on New Years Eve year ago the family turned over to the bank their entire equity of $47,OOO in house, a farm and the Butte Roadhouse.
 BuckaleW said Maze had been given a position of public trust and failed. He added that as a result of the irregularities the bank had been forced to change hands.
The Nome nugget., 1953-03-04
ALASKA AIRLINES

Arriving from Anchorage: Yer non Olsen, Rev. Reeves Ravens, Mrs. Andrew Nerland; from Nc Grath: Charlie Floyd; from Una lakleet: Mrs. Gertrude Kost.
 Departing for Anchorage: Col. Albee, It. Griffen, w. J. Miller, It. Falconer, Eugene Lemastic, Underwood, Wendell R. Burns, H. J. Rowe; for Moses Point: Frank Evans; for Kotzebue: AL bert Miller, Steve Stephenson; for McGrath: D. w. Dean.
The Nome nugget., 1953-03-04

US. coal mines have no shafts deeper than 1000 feet, but in Britain's mines, the average depth is 1000 feet.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1953-08-25

Mrs. Nettie Barnes has return
ed after a months vacation with
her son, Earl and his family in
Allentown, Pa. They spent two
weeks at Lake Bach, Springfield,
Maine, visiting also Mt. Washing
ton, New Hampshire, nearby
lakes and the seaShore. Mrs. Ora
Davis of Columbus, and her
daughter, Miss Frances Kimble
of Springfield, spent a few days
at the Barnes home in Pennsyl-
vania, Mrs. Nettie Barnes return
ing to London with them.