davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
know|and Splits
With President
On Job Order
Senate Leader Asserts
Unemployment Plan
Needs Modification
By RowIond Evons, Jr.
Associated Press Stott Writer

Disagreement has broken out
between President Eisenhower
and his chief lieutenant in the
Senate, Senator Knowlanu of
California. over a new admins
tratlon program to combat un-
employment.
Just a week before the open
ing of Congress next Wednesday
Senator KnoWland called the
new policy disappointment and
said he will back Legislation to
modify it He took that posi-
ton in the face of Gen. Eisen-
hower's statement two days ago
declaring complete agreement"
with the policy.
Whether the disagreement
would affect Senator Knowland's
attitude toward other White
House policies could not be fore
told.
The policy is designed to steer
some Government defense con-
tracts into areas plagued by
large-scale unemployment
Southern Democrats voiced
bitter protests over the program.
similar to one put into effect
by the Truman administration
in 1852 and dropped last August.
Legislative Move Planned.
Senator Maybank, Democrat,
of South Carolina said in a
statement today he would lin
troduce legislation the very first
instance I can" to prevent the
program from being carried out.
But even if Congress should
block or drastically curb the pro-
gram. there remained the facts
of Senator Knowland's un-
eouivocal opposition to it and
the as yet unappraised effect the
incident might nave on Demo-
cratic support for Gen. Eisen-
hower's legislative program.
Senator Sparkman. Democrat.
of Alabama said the President
seemed to be doing everything
in his power calculated to drive
the Democrats away from giving
him support on his program.
Actually. few Northern Demo-
Gratis praised the unemployment
move: the opposition was con-
centrated in the South.
Other Southern Complaints.
Southern Democrats have also
condemned the policy on grounds
it deprives the Southern textile
industry of Government con-
tracts and places them in New
(See CONTRACTS. Page A-4)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
By J. A. O'Leoy

Senate Democratic Leader
Johnson of Texas returned to
Washington today with a wait
and-see attitude toward the
problems confronting the 1854
session of Congress until after
the administration presents its
program.
The Texan said he has &C
copied gladly President Eisen-
hower's invitation to attend a
meeting of leaders of both par
ties at the White House Tues
day.
But, with one exception. he
stuck firmly to his decision not
to comment on specific legisla-
tive issues now.
The exception was the bill to
make Hawaii the 49th State.
He confirmed the fact that he
has not changed his past posi-
ton of opposition to that
measure, which has passed the
House an d is one of the bills
Republicans hope to call up
early in the Senate.
Without making any new
statement on the subject, Sen
ator johnson also left no doubt
that the Democrats have no
intention of trying to take con-
troll of the Senate or of COM
mittees. even though they now
outnumber the Republicans,
48-47.
The decision OF Senator Morse,
the Oregon Independent, to vote
with the Republicans on organ
ization guarantees Republican
floor control, since Vice President
Nixon could vote with the Re-
publicans to break a tie if the
issue was raised. All indications
are it will not be raised.
The Democratic gain of one
seat resulting from the appoint
ment of Senator Burke of Ohio.
Democrat, to succeed the late
Senator Taft, give Senate lead
ers a problem of readjusting the
total number of committee
places without upsetting Re-
publican control.
Except on two minor commit
tees, the Republicans now con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
u. 5. Bans Red Paper
In Retaliation for
Action in Romania
Legation Here Ordered
To Cease Publication
Of Propaganda Bulletin
By Gornett D. Homer

The State Department today
ordered the Romanian Legation
here to stop publishing and
distributing within the United
States a four-page weekly prop
ganda PUBLICATION called THE
Romanian News"
The action which also bans
"other similar pamphlets" was
in retaliation for a Romanian
order Tuesday banning further
distribution in Romania of a
United States monthly bulletin
called News From America"
Published Here S Years.
The "Romanian News" has
been published here for about
i've years. Recent issues car
rled stories about activities in
Romania under such headlines
as Wages Up, Taxes Down."
Film Studios Prepare Biog-
raphy Features" Chemical
Plants Increase Output of Fer
tlllzers and Insecticides" and
"Romania's Wild Life, Source
OF Sport and Profit"
This Government started pub
LEGATION of News From Amer
lea In Romania in October. The
State Department said the
monthly bulletin sought to give
It's readers an accurate picture
OF American life and thought"
Its circulation was approx
mately 1000 copies a month.
State Department officials said
they did not know the circula-
ton of the Romanian News.
Follows Similar Moves.
Today's action was another
move toward clamping down on
distribution here of propaganda
publications by the Iron Cur
tam countries. The Soviet EN-
bassy'S information bulletin was
stopped in July, 1852. in retalia-
ton for the strangling of
Amerlka, a monthly magazine
this Government had been dis
trloutlng in Russia. The Polish
Information Service in New
York was shut down in 1851 in
retaliation for the closing of the
United States Information Serv-
ice in Poland,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
RossIyn Gas Merger
Approved by Virginia
BY the Associated Press

RICHMOND. Dec. 31.-Vir-
ginia's State Corporation Com
mission today approved the
merger of Washington Gas Light
Co. and the Rosslyn Gas Co.,
which serves parts of Northern
Virginia.
The commission approved the
merger upon the recommended
ton of the boards of directors
OF both firms. Rosslyn Gas. in
corporated in 1911. has been a
wholly owned subsidiary of
Washington Gas Light.
At a hearing on the merger
recently, Arlington County OPP
posed the merger on the conten-
ton that it might result in
higher gas rates.
One of the arguments against
consolidation was that it would
end present regulation of rates
charged Rosslyn by Washington
Gas Light.
The plan also was opposed
because of Washington Gas
Light Co. plan to ask the State
Corporation Commission to apply
the same retail gas rates in Vir-
ginia that now apply to the
District and Maryland gas con-
SumerS.
Approval of the consolidation
completes the firms long-range
program for unifying all gas
companies in the Washington
Metropolitan Area.
The Virginia move is similar to
the consolidation approved early
this year for the gas company
and its Maryland subsidiaries.
RoSslyn serves Alexandria,
Falls Church. and Arlington and
Fairfax Counties.
Washington Gas Light will
maintain an Office in Arlington
as headquarters for its Virginia
operations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Federal Workers
Noon Exodus Again
Crowds Parkway

The noon-time release
of Government employees
on Christmas Eve created
one of the worst traffic
jams Rock Creek Parkway
has ever had.
The situation built up
today when Government
workers poured home short
ly after noon Just as they
had a week ago. Traffic was
backed up from the Wa
terside drive exit at Massa-
chusetts avenue NV. to
beyond the P street bridge.
During normal rush-hour,
the Parkway is one-way
outbound at 4 pm. going
home time. Park police were
stationed at the park exit
on Massachusetts, avenue
today but made no effort to
convert the street to one
way traffic.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

to give more priority to the over
crowded. understaffed institu-
ton from which six boys escaped
in a mass break Tuesday.
At the same time, they decided
on immediate measures to in
crease the security of the insti-
tuition at 1000 Mount Olivet
road NE.
Conditions at the Receiving
Home were emphasized by men,
berS Of the Senate Juvenile De-
linquency subcommittee, who
visited the institution and then
told Commissioner Samuel Spen-
Ger they hoped the Commits
Sioners would include enlarge
ment Of the institution in their
next budget request.
Added to Works Plan.
Instead, the Commissioners
decided to pin hopes for enlarg-
ing the Receiving Home to the
fate of the entire public works
program in this session. Previ-
ously, some enlargement of the
Receiving Home was scheduled
in the fiscal 1856 part of the
public works timetable.
The Commissioners we're told
by Archie HutSon, District di-
rector of construction, and We'll
fore Director Gerard Shea that
the building could be made more
secure now by putting Stats on
the doors to decrease the size
of the individual glass panes.
The boys in the mass escape
wriggled through an aperture
five by nine inches. These panes
would be cut in half under pres
ent plans.
Mr.. Shea told the Commits
sioners he had $1,000 for these
projected bars and more fences
If the money can be stretched
far enough, floodlights will be
installed.
Community Protection Cited.
Commissioner Renah Cana
lier, who visited the institution
with Mr.. Hutson and Mr.. Shea
this morning said the protec-
ton of the whole community
was more important than mol
lycoddling" the children held
in the home.
He said correcting avenues of
escape was not done with the
idea of making the place more
of a penal institution, but Sc
curity was essential.
Commissioner Camalier de-
clared during Your Commits
sioners Report" over Station
WMAL-TV last night that the,
mass escape from the institution
"dramatized" the overcrowding
and undertaking at the Receiv-
ing Home.
The Welfare Department has
requested 10000 to provide two
more wings, another floor on an
incompleted wing and a high
wall to replace the chain-link
fence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Johnson Awaits COP. Plans
Before Setting Democrat Policy
Senator Going to White House Briefing,
Indicates Party Won't Seek Control

troll committees by a one-vote
margin.
Until he confers with Re-
publican Leader Knowland, Sen
ator johnson refrained from re-
vealing which of a variety of
solutions he will favor.
There are strong indications,
however, that the most likely So
luton will be to give each party
the same number of seats on
whatever committees are select
ed for Senator Burke, with the
understanding that the vote of
the Republican chairman would
be decisive on bills to be re-
ported.
This would insure Republican
control in committees as well as
on the floor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Navy Reveals Ship Crash
Off Japan; One Killed
BY the Associated Press

The Navy reported today that
one man was killed and one
slightly injured when two United
States destroyers collided De-
cember 20 during night training
of the coast of Japan.
Both ships, the Ault and the
Haynsworth. were damaged but
were able to proceed under their
own power to Yokosuka, Japan,
for repairs
Seaman Eugene Merrill Whit
tington. Buffalo. w. Va, was
killed. The name of the injured
man was not announced but the
Navy said his injuries were slight
and that he was treated aboard
his ship. Both the casualties were
crewmen of the Ault.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Industrial Output Drops
1.59o, Reserve Board SAYS
BY the Associoted Press

The Federal Reserve Board
said TODD industrial production
declin Il per cent in Novem-
Der. = .lStruction activity and
retail sales were up somewhat.
The board said industrial pro-
duction in November dropped to
a seasonally adjusted index level
of 130-that is, 80 per cent more
than average production in the
newly adopted 1947-49 base
period.
The revised index of produce
ton in october was 1872. 1t had
reached a peak last July at 1877.
In November a year ago indus
trial production stood at 1873 in
the revised index.
Thus, industrial production in
November was 81 per cent below
the July peak and 2.3 per cent
under the production level of
November, 1852.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Hostage of Bandit
Gets Happier News:
Birth of Douqhter

Frederick D. Wildman. %.
acting assistant manager of
the Household Finance Co.,
at 1926 Rhode Island ave-
nue. NE. was a hostage of
an armed bandit at $50 pm
yesterday. (See story on
Page BID.
Four hours later, he had
a much pleasanter expert
ence, His wife Sue gave
birth to a 6-pound. 4-ounce
baby girl in Garfield Hos
pital It was the Wildmans'
second child. They have a
son, Jimmy. 2 years old.
Mrs. Wildman did not know
about her husbands unwill-
ing role in the attempted
holdup.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Star Phone Service
Today and Tomorrow

Todoy-Moin telephone switchboard
(ST, $4,000 closes II pm. Phone
service to Classified Advertising, Bust
ness Counter in lobby and Circulation
ends 9 pm.
Tomorrow. JonuoTy l-Moin teIe.
phone switchboard closes 9 pm. Phone
service TO Classified Advertising,
Business Counter ond Circulation ends
s pm. DeodIine for Saturday ond
Sunday Won't Ads is s pm.
Night service telephone numbers os
follows: News Dept, ST. 3-507S;
Detoil Dept. ST. 3-5079.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

lachlans. much of it in the form
Of snow north of Virginia. Sub
normal amounts are indicated
west of the Continental Divide
and in the Central Plains and
near normal amounts in areas
not specified.
The bureaus outlook was
backed up by the arrival here of
several more snowy owls. Ira
dition has it that these birds
leave their homes in the Far
North when the winter promises
to be severe. Actually, a peri
odic food shortage drives them
South.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Soviet General Dies

MOSCOW, Dec. 81 R.-The
Soviet armed forces newspaper
Red Star announced today the
death of Col. Gen. Leonty Yak
harovitch Kotlyar, So, who rose
from the ranks after volunteer
ing as a private in 1920. His
many decorations included four
Orders of Lenin, the Soviet
Unions highest award. and four
Orders of the Red Banner.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

which has pinned its hopes so
firmly to the revival of a demo-
cratic Germany, This makes the
Clark case more important than
has been indicated so far by the
headlines.
Judge Clark was fired from his
job as head of the American
court system in Germany for in
subordination when he refused
to return to Washington. His
diplomatic passport was revoked
last week. The deported juriSt
passed through Paris on his
way home
In an exclusive interview with
The Star, he detailed for the first
time his charges of interference
which led to his summary dis
miSsal.
Holds Strong Opinions.
In the course of the interview
it quickly became clear why
Judge Clark has been in hot
water during much of his career
A large man with a florid COM
plexion and salty tongue, he
has a number of emphatic
opinions about himself, his job
and many of his former en-
ployers. This is his version of
what happened:
He was appointed in 1948 by
Gen. Lucius B. Clay, then occu-
patton commander, to reorganize
the court system in occupied
Germany. His jurisdiction COW
cred all cases involving Ameri-
cans and. German civilians and
all charges of espionage. Until
then such cases had been tried
by military courts. Judge Clark,
himself out of a job at the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
SpeIImun Returning

TOKYO, Dec. 81 R).-Francis
Cardinal Spellman of New York
few to japan tonight after a
nine-day tour Of Korea. He
visited by jeep, helicopter and
plane every American Division
and Air Force, Navy and Marine
unit throughout Korea.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

time. had. served as a judge OF
the Circuit Court of Appeals
before resigning for wartime
duty with the Army. When he
failed to be reappointed after
the war he had sued to get his
job back under the Gil bill. His
case was thrown out of court.
Opposed Military Control.
From the beginning Judge
Clark insisted that courts in
Germany should be independent
of military control and operated
in the tradition of the American
civilian judicial system. This
agreement was not specified in
writing. but it worked satisfac-
torily as long as the military
government lasted. When the
civilian occupation government
was established in 1850. Judge
Clark was reappointed by High
Commissioner John j. McCloy
In Judge Clark's opinion the
appointment was made with lit
tie enthusiasm on the part of
the commissioner.
Differences OF opinion soon
broke out between the new
American Government IN Bonn
and its free-wheeling chief
judge. The chief difference, so
far as Judge Clark is concerned,
was on the question of his
courts independence. His charge
is simple: That Mr.. McCloy
looked on the courts as a mere
arm of high commission govern
ment, with the principal duty
of carrying out the detectives
OF American foreign policy as
promulgated by the State De-
partment. The judges. according
to Judge Clark, were regarded
as little more than clerks.
FORCED to Apologize.
Interference and harassment
which developed continued un-
der successive high commission
ers. Judge Clark said. On one
occasion. he was ordered to
apologize for testifying in favor
of a German civilian at loyalty
hearing. In two cases where
the court refused to send chill
dren back to Iron Curtain coun-
tries. the commission tried to
influence the courts ruling
Once they won reversal of q
three-judge panel.
According to Judge Clark, in
reference was informal. USUALLY
taking the form of telephone
Calls from interested officials to
judges involved. The payoff
was the case of Richard K.
Knorr, American businessman
brought up this fall on charges
of failure to pay a certain Ger
man tax in connection with his
business. In November. Mr.
Knorr found himself in a
Frankfurt Jail awaiting a hear
ing.
His predicament was not un-
usual in Germany, where local
courts follow the European pfac-
tice of denying bail and delay
ing trials for long periods. At
one time. as many as so Ameri-
cans were in German jails
among them one man who
waited six months before trial
on charges of failing to pay a
hotel bill. Another spent a year
in prison before being acquitted
on a traffic charge.
Won Friends Release.
For months, Judge Clark had
been fighting this system un-
successfully, trying to get the
high commission to do something
(See MOVES, Page A-3D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Communists Attempt
To Explain Poverty

FLocKs OF PROFESSIONAL BEG.
GARS-There ore bessors in every
city. soys Wilton |. Ryon in the
fourth OF series Of articles on the
Soviet Union. The Reds explain them
owoy BY coIIins them professionals"
Poee At.
FASHIONS IN l953-The stor',
foshon editor. Elem, reviews the post
years trends in women's fashions on
poee BIZ.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

0ermon SIoVe-loboT women ] ellis OF
Seeing Reds Kill 40. Poee Alb
-------
the aircraft carrier Yorktown
before the Japanese sank her in
1912 land that was a picnic"
compared to the Russian work
camps.
The two men were turned over
to the Americans in Berlin two
days ago. as a result of negotia-
tons between the State Depart
ment and Moscow.
Forced Way Into Russia.
Towers said he had tried to 60
to the Soviet Union to see what
the handspring of Communism
was like and had been refused a
visa. Then, he explained, ne
crossed into Russia over the
Finnish border in 1851 and was
arrested. convicted and sentenced
to three years for breaking in"
Ex-sailor Cox, a military po-
liceman in West Berlin. said he
was apparently "drugged" in a
cafe the night of September S,
1949, and when he awoke he was
in Russian hands. He said they
gave him So years after a quick
trial on charges of being part of
an intelligence" organization
and suspicion of having slain a
Russian officer.
Both men said they saw many
foreigners in various work camps
in the Soviet Union. Cox said
these included Bill Manhuk Of
Breckenridge, Pa, and Andrew
Verdine of StarkS. La, American
soldiers once stationed in Ger
many, and six other soldiers from
the Austrian occupation forces.
Qn NorriStown, Pa, Mrs.
Elmer F. Clemson, a sister of
Marchuk. said the family had
heard nothing from him since
the Army reported him AWOL
in Berlin five years ago..
Cox said he worked in coal
mine at the Infamous Vorkuta
Camp.
Every day somebody died."
he said quietly; some were ma
chine-gunned by Soviet troops
for tagging. Others were vic
tins of accidents Fights broke
out constantly and some resulted
in fatalities.
Worked in Lumber Camp.
Towers worked in a lumber
camp OF it. all he would say
was: "It was bad, very bad"
A Communist since 1947,
Towers said:
II don't know any more what
the word Communist means. I
thought and still think there is
lots wrong with the capitalist
system. but the Russians are
starting from scratch. l love
freedom more than ever now,
although I still think there is
plenty of room for improvement
in the capitalist world"
Tall, glib and intense, Towers
declined details of his expert
ence in Russia. Asked if he had
in mind some "capitalistic in
Stinct" for selling his story later.
he grinned sheepishly and said:
you're getting warm"
Asked whether he would be
a Communist again, Towers re-
piled: good God, no."
The Russian handling of their
Communist state is complete
Chaos he said. He plans to visit
Spain and Yugoslavia, before
(See CAPTIVES, Page A-3O
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Plans for EnIarging
Receiving Home Go
Into Works Program
Immediate Measures
To Boost Security at
Institution Backed

The Commissioners today de-
cided to include plans for en-
largement of the Receiving Home
for Children in the proposed
public works program for the
next fiscal year.
They announced they would
revise the public works program
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
5 Frozen to Death in Italy

ROME, Dec. 81 tP.-Two
more deaths today brought to
five the number Of persons frozen
to death in Italy during the past
48 hours.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Judge Clark sOusterStirsIssue
OnStdtus of Courts Germany
Fired Jurist Reiterutes Thut U. S. Bench
Should Be Independent Of All Agencies
By Crosby S. Noyes

PARIS Dec 31-Under the froth of invectve
ton in the of Judge William Clark lies question
1t is this What the status of American courts Germany?
Are they like those in the United States independent of the
executive? Or they be considered appendage
the State Department with judges serving under orders and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Young Mr.. 81 to Be Chilly,
But Not Cold, on His Arrival
Cloudy Tomorrow;
January Average
To Dip Under Normal

If the symbol of the New Year
arrives in his traditional garb,
he's going to be chilly, but not
as chilly as had been expected.
The Weather Bureau forecast
a low of 81 for tonight, after
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
TwoAmeriicans
Tell Of Years as
Soviet Captives
Murder and Violent
Death Described
AS Commonplace

BERLIN. Dec. 31.-Two Amer
leans released by the Russians
after years of imprisonment and
forced labor said today Soviet de-
tention camps are hell holes"
where murder and violent death
are commonplace.
Leland Towers. %. a merchant
seaman from San Francisco. told
a news conference he had been a
card-carrylng Communist but
never again"
Pvt. Homer Cox, of Oklahoma
City. Okla. said he was blown off
German SIove- Lobor Women Tells of
Seeing Reds Kill 100. Pooe A-3
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

District Presses for Approval Of Public
Works Proerom. Poee 3D.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

Areo All Set for Long and Coy New
Yeor Holiday. Poee B-l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

high commissioner in Germany?
The answer is perhaps OF some
to the United States,
100000
Judge Clork Leaves for U. S. With Blost
at "Gestopo" Methods. Poee A-3
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

(See CONTRACTS. Page A.,
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-09-18

Alaska