davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-03-22

1eftist groups have received
any recent new strength.
Mr.. Yoshida has announced
he will seek popular approval
of his stand against re-arma-
ment and will continue his
policy of otherwise close re-
lationship with the United
States.
Mr.. Shigemitsu, who was
convicted as a major war GRIM
inal and served his prison
sentence, has announced he
favors strong rearmament of
Japan and a move away from
too close a position alongside
the United States.
Mr.. Hatoyama has not an
nounced his policies. But
since it is known that the big
business interests behind him
are looking to a re-armament
program. largely financed by
American funds, to keep their
factory wheels turning, it is
presumed Mr.. Hatoyama favors
that policy.
Prestige Problem
Any move by Japan away
from its pledged mutual de-
fenSe stand alongside the
United States at this time
would be a serious blow to
American prestige in Asia.
Even a move toward a declara-
ton of neutrality would have
an adverse effect.
The signs which will de-
termine the decision made be-
hind the scenes by Japan's
real powers-the big business
aristocracy-bureaucracy COM
bination-will appear in the
form of legislation put forward
in the Diet after next months
election. The cabinet writes
almost all bills brought before
the Diet.
If the legislation is of the
type which commits Japan to
taking its place among the re-
arming free world nations,
then American policy carried
out during the occupation and
in the peace treaty formulated
by John Foster Dulles will
have proved correct.
If the Japanese refuse to
re-arm, it will be an unmis-
taxable sign that the rulers
have gone back to their pre-
war policy Of opportunism.
Evening star., 1953-03-22
Private Broodcoster Thinks He Con CutNQA Costs

businessman who is sold on the
idea Of selling America. He
would like to take a crack at
substituting for VOA, a job
he already does in part. AS a
Navy radio officer assigned to
President Wilson at the Paris
Peace Conference in 1919, Mr..
Lennon discovered the pos
Sibilities of American infor-
nation programs overseas. He
set up a small broadcasting
station aboard his ship and fur
niShed news of the conference
to French and United States
officials who could hear him
through the crude radio re-
ceiverS Of that era.
After 10 years planning,
he set up WRUL, which
started beaming its programs
to Latin America and Europe
in 1881. The station was
financed largely through Mr..
Lemmon's other interests and
from foundation grants.
During World War II. WRUL
went all-out against the axis.
Mr.. Lemons many decora-
tions from European nations
are proof of his success against
the propaganda Of Hitler and
MuSSolini. He continued his
work in the postwar period.
AS a matter Of fact, the State
Department credits him with
a major role in swinging the
1948 italian elections away
from the Kremlin.
A few years ago Mr.. Lem
mon inaugurated a special
type of cultural and informa-
ton program for Latin
America. Each week, WRUL
beams several hours of English
lessons southwark. To those
who write-and letters run
into the thousandS-the sta
ton sends a free textbook to
aid the radio student.
WRUL has other programs
for our neighbors to the South.
When the tired Latin Ameri-
can businessman arrives home
from his office, he tunes in on
WRUL's nightly summary Of
the New York Stock Exchange
quotations and other financial
news necessary to his business.
This is a sponsored show
bennington Randi that helps
Mr.. Lennon pay the bills.
Evening star., 1953-03-22

the entire section was pock.
marked under q tremendous
barrage of meteors which now
lie deep beneath the soil.
In many places it is impos-
sible to receive or transmit ra.
dio signals. The meteor de-
posits act as an invisible bar
rier. Advocates of free enter
prise operation of VOA say
such mistakes would not hap
pen If private enterprise were
footing the bills.
100000 PIont in Boston
The WRUL plant on the
shore near Boston has a value
Of about 100000, as compared
to the multimillion = d ollar
outlay for single Voice sta
tions. Mr.. Lennon says the
expenditure of a few hundred
thousand dollars more would
enable WRUL to outperform
any international broadcaSting
setup operated from this
country. A feature of the
Washington State and Caro-
lima Voice stations was to have
been an elaborate aerial or
"antenna array" each costing
approximately 100000. Mr..
Lennon and his assistants
have designed their own array
and can erect it for about
100000.
To complete his case for the
private broadcasting industry,
Mr.. Lennon points out that
his entire staff consists of 80
employees for five stations, less
than half the number working
in many individual Voice OUT
lets.
In a few weeks Walter
Lennon will lay his proposals
before Congress. He already
has support there. It's pos
sible that he may find friends
in the State Department for
the plan. Some Voice off,
cials admit off the record that
if he and other free enterprise
stations can do the job he out
lines, they'd be glad to get rid
of the Voice as a multimil-
lion-dollar he dache and
merely use a relatively small
appropriation to lease pri-
vately owned stations for Of
f1cial policy outlets.
Evening star., 1953-03-22

Congressional clamor for
private operation Of all Amer
ican information" radio
broadcastS to combat COM
munism is rising again.
Stimulated by Senator Nc
Carthy'S inquiry into charges
that a Communist tone has
been slipped into the State
Departments Voice of Amer
ica," proponents Of private
operation seem to have q
better-than-average chance of
success. But, there are a
number Of vital questions to
be answered:
. Do American broadcasters
want to take on the job Of
winning friends and influenc-
ing governments abroad?
. Can they handle the often
delicate problem of psyche
logical warfare behind the
Iron Curtain? Would they be
able to insure the mainte-
nance Of q clear-cut foreign
policy front in programs to
friendly nations?
o Under existing charges Of
Communist infiltration into
the shaping of American for
eign policy, can private broad
casters keep themselves clear
Of suspicion?
Q Can privately owned radio
stations equal or surpass the
Voices effort at less expense
to the taxpayer?
The 0riginoI Voice
Since 1881, at least one in
dependent broadcasting sta
tion has successfully passed
most Of these tests with high
marks. Known as the orig
inal Voice of America" long
before the State Department
entered the field, the five
high-powered short-w ave
transmitterS of Station WRUL
in New York and Massachu-
sets have been selling the
United States to Latin Amer
lea and Europe for two decades.
WRUL is owned and oper-
ated by the World Wide
Broadcasting System, headed
by Walter Lennon of New
York. Mr.. Lennon is a work.
able human mixture of inter-
national altruiSt, veteran radio
engineer and economy wise
Evening star., 1953-03-22
Where Is Japan Headed?
BY Fronk White

The political alignments that
will emerge in Japan after
next months Diet election will
be watched with interest from
both sides Of the Iron Curtain.
Japan, with her large, growing
population and industrial po-
tential holds the balance Of
power in the Far East.
On the surface, the election
appears to be a three-cornered
fight by aspiring conservative
politicians for support from
the powerful combination Of
big business, the aristocracy
and the huge bureaucracy
which has ruled Japan almost
continuously during modern
times.
The question intriguing OBJ
servers, however, Is not so
much the name Of the leader
who winds up with the largest
number Of adherents in the
new Diet. but the policies
which will become evident
later, when the new cabinet
begins introducing proposed
legislation.
This is because issues figure
very little, If at all, in the
campaigns Of aspirants to Diet
seats. Voting is based almost
entirely upon personalities.
AS a result there are many
fractional combinations even
within the major parties. Diet
m e m b ers switch allegiance
from leader to leader. as well
as from party to party, with
q facility which is amazing to
WesternerS. Bribery. advance
ment within the party leader
ship and intimidation are
freely used to bring about the
switches. The strings are
pulled by the big financial and
industrial combines and their
supporters.
To understand the present
situation it is necessary to re-
view some Japanese political
history.
At the end Of the war, the
occupation started out by bar
ring from Office any persons
who were members Of or sup
ported the militariSts. The
allies also called for the in
stitution Of Western democratic
principles Of government, in
which power was to be in the
hands Of the people. expressed
by their votes at the polls.
There Is ample evidence to-
day that the ordinary jap
anese never grasped the idea.
Japanese have an ingrained
habit Of obedience to orders
from above and a reluctance
to take on responsibility.
Early in 1916, after several
interim cabinets had fallen,
the occupation looked for a
leader who could unite enough
support to get the wheels
of peaceful industry turning
again and restore the economy
of the country.
Hotoyomo's Purge
The conservative business
interests and their supporters,
the ariStocracy and bureauc-
racy, agreed upon Ichiro Hato-
yama, who had succeeded to
the leadership Of the Liberal
Party by right of seniority, a
right much respected in tradi-
tional Japan. But group Of
foreign correspondents dug up
a book written by Hatoyama
before the war in which he had
expressed admiration for faS-
ciSt principles. This exposure
created such a furor in the
Evening star., 1953-03-22

THE CAPITAL GARAGE
1870 New York Ave. NV, Washington, DC.
TOMS AUTO SERVICE, INC.
637 N Street NV, Washington, D. c.
WHEELER, INC.
AeO0 Wisconsin Ave. NV, Washington, D. e.
MERSoN 8 THOMPSON
472l Hompden Lane, Bethesda. Nd.
Don't Miss "Fomous Playhouse" Tue
Evening star., 1953-03-22

ANAcosTIA MOTOR CO., INC.
1908 Gccd Hope Rd. Sc. Washington. D. c.
n. B. LEARY. JR. 3 BROS, INC.
l6l2-l620 You St. NV, Washington. D. c.
ROYAL MOTORS, INC.
400 Gsorsia Ave-. Washington. D. c.
SKlElI<ER MOTOR CO., INC.
l2I6-2s Twentieth s.. NV, Wosh. D. c.
Evening star., 1953-03-22
!: WHAT LEADING AMERICANS WANT. ..

Full Time Power Steering and Power Brakes further
add to the utter road supremacy Of the Imperial
Once you inspect this hand-crafted motor you win
discover still other superior values m superb fabrcs
decor in exquisite TASTE appointments lovely to the
eye that have equal Finally, if you measure motor
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leaders Of the nation and Of your own community who
are choosing the Imperial.
Your Chrysler-Pymouth dealer win welcome an op-
portuny to let the Imperial demonstrate its through
and through supremacy in everything you want.
Evening star., 1953-03-22

nat. VERNON MOTORS
1908 DiosonoI 3D.. Alsxondrio. Va.
AIS MOTORS. INC.
1910 Wilson Boulevard. Arlington. Va.
r. B. CLARK MOTOR co.
ga S. Woshinston st., Folls Church. Va.
BAUSERMAN'S SERVICE, INC.
Columbia Pike & GIebe Rood. Arlington. Va.
Evening star., 1953-03-22
JERMAN BROTHERS

1901 Rhode Island Ave-, Brentwood. Nd.
FASANKo MOTOR SALES
tbs BGltimore BIvd. College Pork, Nd.
SHIPLEY MOTOR SALES, INC.
405 {. Montgomery Ave-. Rockville, hd.
SID WELLBoRN MOTOR, INC.
100 Eost-West Hishwoy. Silver Spring. Nd.
oys, 9 P.M.. WEAAL-TX. cksnnsl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-08-09

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Evening star., 1953-07-07
Ex-Novy Man Reported
TeLlinu of Reds Work Here

CHICAGO, July 7 (P.
former Navy Bureau of Ordnance
engineer disclosed yesterday the
existence of an underground net
work of Communist subverSives
operating in Government de-
partments from 1888 to 1948, the
Chicago Tribune reported today.
The Tribune reported that Max
Elitcher, 33, identified as a close
friend of executed atomic spies
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg,
testified in secret before the
House Committee on Un-Ameri-
can Activities in New York.
The paper said Mr.. Elitcher's
testimony was heard in secret
session at the demand of the
Justice Department, which as
serted national security was in
volved.
In New York yesterday COM
mittee members declined to
identify the witness specifically
to newsmen, but it was learned
he apparently was Mr.. Elitcher.
A committee spokesman would
identify the witness only as "a
very, very important" one.
The Tribune said Mr.. Elitcher
described how Communist cells
infiltrated the Navy, Commerce
and Agriculture Departments and
identified their members. Most
of those named are still in WASH
ington. the paper said, but it is
understood all have left the Gov
ernment since 1949.
Evening star., 1953-07-07
Government Answers
Stamp Tax Challenge
In Frank Lewis Trial

The Government yesterday filed
an answer in Municipal Court to
a motion by Attorneys Myron
Ehrlich and Walter E. Gallagher,
who are trying to upset the Fed
eral gambling tax stamp law.
On trial before Judge Thomas
c. Scalley is Frank Lewis, 81, of
the first block of deFrees street
NV. on a charge Of falling to
purchase the $50 gambling tax
stamp.
Last May, Mr.. Ehrlich and Mr..
Gallagher asked the court TO dis
miss the charge. They charged
the law is unconstitutional in the
District because it imposed PEN
alties under the guise of taxes,
required a witness to lncriminate
himself by purchasing a stamp
and required Lewis to place him
self in a position leading to un-
lawful search and seizure.
Assistant United States Attor-
ney Lewis A. Carroll, in his mo-
ton yesterday, argued that the
Supreme Court has already held
the gambling tax to be valid and
Constitutional.
He also said the privilege
against standardization can
not be raised by a taxpayer
Oewis) who has not registered
Evening star., 1953-07-07

alier said during the telecast
that he had asked for a com.
plete report on q recent charge
OF "repressive and harsh" dis
cipline at the Industrial. Home
School for Colored Children.
Mr.. Camalier said he had re-
quested the report from Wendell
P. Tucker, head of the institu-
ton.
Special Needs Held Ignored.
The charge was made by Mrs.
Margaret McCane in a letter of
resignation as assistant super
intendent in charge Of girls.
She said for one thing that there
was no concern in the schools
program for the special needs
of girls.
Mrs. McCane was superin-
tendent of the now -defunct Ma.
tional Training School for Girls,
which has been abolished as q
separate facility. The colored
girls Joined the colored boys In
a combined institution.
Evening star., 1953-07-07
Congress Approves Post
For Retired Gen. Erskine
~ the Associated Pres.

Congress has completed action
on a bill to allow retired Marine
Gen. Graves B. Erskine to head
the Defense Departments Office
of Psychological Policy.
The bill now goes to the White
House for President Eisenhower's
signature.
Existing law forbids an officer
retired neither for age nor phySi-
cal disability to take a civilian
job in the Government if his
retirement pay would exceed
$2,500 year.
The Senate approved a bill. al
ready passed in the House, to
exempt Gen. Erskine. He will not
draw retired pay while he is on
the job.
The Senate Armed Services
Committee said Gen. Erskine is
particularly qualified" for the
job he is about to take.
Evening star., 1953-07-07
Mrs. Roosevelt Arrives
In Belgrade for Visit
BY tho Assoeiatsd Press

BELGRADE. Yugoslavia, July
Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt
arrived here by plane yesterday
in a driving electrical storm fol
a two-week visit to Communist
Yugoslavia. She made it clear
she wants no conducted tour.
Looking spry despite her rough
trip from Athens, Greece. Mrs,
Roosevelt said that on this tour
she is ION my own"
Before taking of from Athens
Mrs. Roosevelt declared that Sen
ator. Mccarthy. Republican, of
Wisconsin, has done "a great deal
Of harm to my country"
Crediting the Senator with
"p e r haps creating something
which is essential" public reali-
zation Of the danger of commu-
nism, she added that Senator
Mccarthy also "haS made the
great mass Of people blindly
afraid"
Mrs. Roosevelt is visiting Yugo-
slavia in the course of a. world
tour. She will spend two days
here as the personal guest of
President Marshal Tito.
Evening star., 1953-07-07
Grand Jury 10 Probe
'N Bribery Report
By the Assoeluisd Press

BALTIMORE, July THE
city's prosecutor said yesterday
he will lay before the grand Jury
"at the earliest possible time" a
story that some one tried to get
$4,000 out of a television station
for getting a bill through the
City Council.
States Attorney Anselm So
daro made the announcement in
obvious anger after a four-min-
ute session with Morris J. Soy
pher, an attorney who is q MEM
ber of the Maryland House Of
Delegates from Baltimore's 4th
legislative district.
Mr.. Soypher acted as attorney
for a group Of residents who ap-
peared before the City Council in
May to protest a change in zon-
ing regulations. The change was
sought by WBAL-TV so it could
erect a 750-foot transmitter tow
er on a plot it owns adjacent
to it's present transmltter station
in Northwest Baltimore.
Mr.. Sodaro since last week has
been checking into charges some
one approached the stations
agent and said it would cost
$4,000 to get the bill through
the Council.
The prosecutor already has in.
terviewed station officials, their
attorneys, the chairman of the
City Council Committee on Zon-
Evening star., 1953-07-07
Syndicofed Sports CoIvmnisf
BILL CORUM
NAMES HIS FAVORITE SPORT

What do you say is the king of sports-the
real, all-round champ of all games?
Opinions on this bull session topic vary like
the weather. Personally, there is no sport
don't like. There are three like particularly.
Boxing one. I've been associated with boxing
as "a writer and broadcaster many years. Then,
there's baseball. I've written baseball for so
many years hate to admit how many World
Series I've covered.
But somehow, to me, horse racing is the
king of them all. AS president of Churchill
Downs I'll admit I'm prejudiced, but think
the Kentucky Derby is the greatest of all
sporting events. It would take whole page
to explain why. Even then, I'm sure most of
my arguments would stem from emotion
Evening star., 1953-07-07
Public Works Plans
Due 10 Go Back 10
Congress Next Week

The Commissioners hope to
take the Districts $335 million
public works program back to
Congress next week. Engineer
Commissioner Louis w. Prentiss
said last night.
Gen. PrentisS told interviewers
on Your Commissioners Re-
port" over Station WMAL-TV
that he still hopes for approval
OF the eight-year program before
the end of the present session.
He noted that the 1854 budget,
however, includes $50 million for
public works which would pro-
vide start on the improvements
even if the package program is
not approved Immediately.
Hopes for Tax Abolition.
Gen. Prentiss said also that he
hoped the pending move to abol-
ish the personal property tax
here. now being held up by
Chairman Case of the Senate
District Committee for study as
a part Of the whole District fiscal
picture. would pass even if the
public works program did mot
win approval this session.
Commissioner Renah F. Cam
Evening star., 1953-07-07
Military Supplies Probe
Opened by House Group
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, July IAN In
veStigation into charges of irreg-
ularity and influence-peddling in
procuring military supplies in
this area was opened by a House
subcommittee today with four
simultaneous closed sessions.
Representative Hess, Republic
can. of Ohio said in prepared
statement that testimony would
be obtained from nearly 100
ordnance inspectors at sessions
scheduled for the rest Of the
week.
I'VE are holding our sessions
in private" the Hess statement
said, because we want nothing
sensational about this inquiry
and we want to assure each witt
ness that he is free to speak the
truth. free Of tension and with
out fear of repriSal :"
The subcommittee split into
the four groups to expedite
gathering of testimony. One
group is scheduled to conduct
sessions in Newark. N. j., tomor-
row and Thursday.
Evening star., 1953-07-07
Un-American Probe
Turns 10 'Subversion
In Field Of Labor
BY the Asseeloted Press

NEW YORK, July 6.-The
House Un-American Activities
Committee is turning its atten-
tion to "subversion in the field
of labor"
This was announced yesterday
by the committee chairman, Rep
resentative Velde, Republican, of
Illinois, as the group completed
the first day of a series Of hear
ings here. The sessions resume
today.
One of the committees first
witnesses in the labor probe as
serted the inquiry was started
because of a strike in a New York
department store.
Statement Issued.
Mr.. Velde. who is in hospital
here. did not attend yesterdays
hearing, but had q statement is
sued in which he said his COM
mittee would "use every legal
weapon at our command to ex-
pose . un-American activities
wherever they exist" in labor.
In Mr.. Velde's absence, the
committee called six officers of
the Distributive, Processing and
Office Workers Union. All six
declined, on constitutional
grounds Of possible self-incrim-
nation, to say whether they are
or ever have been Communists.
Most of the same union off,
cials had been questioned during
similar probe in 1948.
One of the six was Carl An
dren. vice president of District IS
of the Distributive Workers
Union. Mr.. Andren said the un-
ion is involved in an 8-week-old
strike against Hearns Depart
ment Stores in a dispute over
severance pay and seniority for
personnel losing their jobs as a
result of Hearns' conversion to
Self-Service operation.
Told He Would Be Jailed.
Mr.. Andren said a Mr.. Green
field not further identified,
Threatened that a committee
would come into town"
The union official at another
point said, Here it (the COM
mittee is" Mr.. Andren added:
II was also told I would be
thrown in jail"
Mr.. Andren. shown copy of
a Taft-Hartley Labor Law non-
Communist affidavit, admitted
the signature was his, but de-
clined to say whether he signed
in good faith.
That's the kind of question
I'm frightened of because some
crackpot will come along and
make a charge of perjury against
me-" Mr.. Andren said.
The Distributive Workers Un-
ion was formed from several I'M
ions once ouSted from the CIO
for allegedly following a Com
mDniSt line.
Evening star., 1953-07-07

ing Regulations. and the three
city councilmen FROM TIE 9Th
district.
He also talked to James H.
Pollack. political leader in the
district and a controversial fig
ure in Maryland's Democratic
politics.
Evening star., 1953-07-07

under the tax law. The answer
continued that, lin any event
the privilege against self rincrim-
ination only pertains to past
acts and not to future acts"
Evening star., 1953-07-07

rather than reason
When was asked to tell folks why smoke
Luckies, realized that this choice, too, is
particularly personal thing. It's all matter
of taste. Somehow, in this department-taste,
I mean-Luckies have the edge over the other
cigarettes I've smoked. They just taste better.
I know it, for sure, just as I know I prefer
racing over all the other sports.
And that's why I've smoked Luckies for
the past fourteen years.
Evening star., 1953-07-07

Lucky Strike Names the Reason
Bill Corum and several million other people think Luckies
taste better because they do in fact, taste better
Probably the most important reason why is that
Luckes are made of fine tobacco LS./MFT.-Lucky
Strike Means Fine Tobacco And that means fine tobacco
from the day it's bought to the moment you smoke it,
Tobacco that gets the attention and of the worlds
foremost cigarette laboratory Then too Luckes taste
better because they're made better round and
firm and fully packed.
Light up and enjoy Luckys better taste. Try pack
today. Yes, Be Happy-Go Lucky. And remember,
Luckies are made by The American Tobacco Company,
Americas leading manufacturer of cigarettes.