davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-04-15
4 ak Cuts and Balanced Budqets
# Greot Britain Can Do 1t, Then Why Can't the H. S.
Perhaps Now Mr.. Reed Will Find More Support
David Lowrence:

"How do they do it-and why
don't we do it?" This is what
many . member Of Congress
asked as he read the news
that the government Of Great
Britain now has reduced in
come taxes. arranged to elimi-
nate exceSS-profltS taxes this
year, and put into effect a
tax-rebate plan to encourage
modernization of plant and
equipment.
The man who made the an
nouncement, r. A. Butler,
Chancellor Of the Exchequer,
is one Of the ablest officials
IN Europe today. He is looked
upon as a statesman capable
of succeeding Winston Church.
i'll as Prime Minister.
No other man in the British
cabinet has a keener apprecia-
tion of the financial help that
America has given TO Britain,
and Mr.. Butler never misses a
chance to express it publicly.
Last year, when he brought in
his economic program shortly
after the Conservative govern
ment came into power, he
begged the labor unions not to
press for increased wage scales
and said he thought he could
afford them relief In living
costs-an increase in real
wages-by bringing prices and
taxes down. He is making
good on that promise.
What is important for
Americans to observe is that,
in a postwar economy as
heavily burdened as that of
Britain, the planning which
now is manifested in it's legis-
lative proposals calls for in
centives to business. Taxes are
used not as a repreSSive but
as a stimulating influence.
The same approach could be
helpful in the United States,
especially if defense spending
tapers of in the next few years.
Evening star., 1953-04-15
Picnic Picked by Critics
As Best Broadway Play
BY the Assoeioted Press

NEW YORK. April 15.-Award
for the best play of the season
on Broadway was given by the
New York drama critics circle
yesterday to Picnic" the The
ater Guild production Of VIII
liam Inges play.
This story of life in a small
Kansas town won IL Of the
critics votes to four for 1.-THE
Crucible." two for Tennessee
Williams Canine Real" and one
for Climate in Eden"
For the best musical award.
the critics overwhelmingly chose
Rosalind Russell and Wonderful
Town" A lone dissenter voted
for Hazel Flagg."
Award for the best foreign
play went to THE Love Of Four
Colonels." which stars Rex Har-
rison and Lilli Palmer. This
received ~13 votes. In opposition
were eight votes of critics for
Dial NJ for Murder" in which
Maurice Evans plays the star
ring role.
Evening star., 1953-04-15

Until we enabled our allies
through the Marshall Plan to
rebuild their destroyed and
antiquated factories, thus in
creasing their industrial ca
pacity, the thought of East
West trade never entered their
minds. They were worried
mainly then about the political
threat from the U. S. S. r.
But once their industry was
reconstructed and modernized
with the latest types of Ameri-
can tooling the lure of 800
million potential customers be-
hind the Iron Curtain became
obsessive.
The Red propaganda that
America had "fattened them
up" to make them into cannon
fodder in a war of destruction
with Communist Russia took
deeper roots than may have
been expected. So long, how
ever, as the Kremlin dealt with
the Western European ma
tions as harshly as it did with
us, the peoples of Western
Europe accepted the idea Of
rearmament lukewarmly. But
as soon as the Kremlin began
to show the vaguest indication
of good will toward the Eu-
ropeanS they have not en-
slaved, the situation changed.
The Allied governments may
still be skeptical about the real
intentions of the U. S. S. R.
but their people do not share
this skepticism. They see in an
agreement with Moscow the
only possibility of removing
the present war clouds and
also a chance for outlets for
their production.
These factors which have
been Soft-pedaled heretofore
are obviously affecting our own
defense planning. It may be
that within a shorter time
than many people imagine we
Will find ourselves deprived Of
the complex NATO while still
remaining the U. S. S. RS
main target. Under such con-
d1tions, the first defense ne
cessity would be swarms of
fighter planes to defend our
own shores against a treacher.
Gus and ruthless enemy.
Evening star., 1953-04-15
Fletcher KnebeI:
Potomac Fever

Baseball fans applaud es decision the first
ba-basebals most famous hodou finally signed on the
dotted line.
The baseball throwing incident that only person
who the decisions of President Eisenhower
is Candidate Eisenhower of 1856
Ike plays golf with Ben Hogan and Byron Nelson For
presidential interview these days the best card
White House is one that reads: Outs. 1n-33"
former Treasury official refuses to whether he
Communist Republican Senators inclined doubt
he Communist he would have been working the
State Department
grand jury indcts five former revenue
agents for extorion. It's to
unless the be through regular
channels.
The administration to stop movie avoiding
income taxes by making pictures outside the United
Humphrey law
voluntary Holywood-known as the Holly
wood for Stevenson volunteers
Evening star., 1953-04-15
Thonoos [. Stokes
". S. Should Set Pace in Tariffs
Europe Feels That America Should Lead the Way
In Working for the Removal of Trade Barriers

recommendations for the next
session of Congress, beginning
next January.
Skeptical OEEC members,
who are stressing the great
Importance Of our continued
leadership and example to the
European community of free
nations, are saying frankly
that the situation can't await
a study" that what is needed
Is now very well known with
out a study, and are warning
that continuance of the exist
ing "stagnation." as they term
it, Of production and trade
might be dangerous, as it might
have a cumulative deteriorat-
ing effect.
Beyond really substantial
tariff reductions, OEEC officials
are asking changes in United
States laws which require that
a specific amount of Euro
pean export trade be carried
in American ships. They urge
that a larger share be diverted
to their shipping. particularly
British and Swedish, in order
to build up dollar balances.
They also are suggesting ex-
pansion of foreign investment
by us, but say this will have
to be largely public in nature
through our Point Four pro-
gram, because Of restrictions.
political and otherwise, that
still make private investment
risky.
On their part, the OEEC
delegation admits frankly that
there is still much that Europe,
itself. must do in removing
trade barriers within its own
community of nations, and in
lifting determinations against
United States goods, and all
this the OEEC is seeking to
promote.
But the measure Of their
success there. they say. depends
upon the example and leader
ship Of the United States.
Evening star., 1953-04-15

While the OEEC visitors are
gratif1ed at the Eisenhower ad-
ministration's gesture in ask
ing Congress for an extension
of the reciprocal trade pro-
gram, they consider this only
token aid in reality. Pointing
out that there is little leeway
left fog really effective tariff
reductions in the reciprocal
trade mechanism of negotiated
tariff cuts because of limita-
tionS in the law, they are
asking that we make very
substantial further reductions
beyond those now permissible,
especially on luxury and quail
ity type goods in which Euro
peanS specialize. They would
even have us do some of this
on our own, without reciprocal
cuts on their part.
AS to the prospect Of any
such action by us, the eyes Of
the visitors are being opened.
in turn, by what they have
discovered about Congress.
In order to meet their re-
quests for substantial tariff re-
duction, it is explained to
them, legislation would be re-
quired to expand the latitude
of the State Department to
negotiate reciprocally. It is
limited now to so per cent
of the duties in effect in 1945
and such reductions have been
made on many items. Various
formulae other than this per-
centage basis Of reductions
have been suggested.
But the administration has
no intention Of asking such
legislation now, and the visi-
tors have been so informed.
Our officials see no chance
whatever Of getting it through
Congress. AS a matter of fact,
the OEEC delegation is being
told, it was because of the
temper of Congress and the
obstacles thus raised that
President Eisenhower asked
only one-year extension of the
reciprocal trade powers in the
effort to save the principle,
and meanwhile has appointed
a commission, headed by Lewis
w. Douglas, former Ambassa-
dor to Great Britain, to make
a study of the whole foreign
trade problem. Its assignment
iS to bring in findings and
Evening star., 1953-04-15
Doris FIeeson:

Members Of the Senate
Armed Services Committee
who are already apprehensive
of another economy wave in
the Defense Department had
as their luncheon guest Tues
day, Field Marshal Montgom-
cry. and what he told them
about Russia did nothing at
all to soothe them.
The victor of Ell Alamein
expressed considerable respect
for the production picture in
side the Soviet Union. Sena-
tors reported that he also
called attention to certain
advantages the Communists
have which neither this coun-
try nor its allies can duplicate.
One was their ability to con-
centrate their production and
planning inside their own
country, with the result that
they can more readily seize
the initiative. Their one-boss
government the field marshal
also saw as q military advan-
tage. Nf
Finally. he suggested wryly
that Russia has no man-hour
problem-when the commisSarS
want more steel they Just say
no patriot would want a radio
until the country has enough
steel.
These are not exactly new
ideas to men who have put in
long hours wrestling with the
problem of defending the free
Evening star., 1953-04-15

The British tax program af-
fords about a two and q half
per cent reduction of taxes
on every dollar of income for
the individual. But the biggest
cuts have come in what are
called purchase taxes" which
are the same thing as sales
taxes. Thus the levies on many
household items, such as car
pets. linoleum, hardware and
bicycles, come down from 33
per cent Of the retail price to
Is per cent-a stiff tax in the
first instance that is some
what alleviated now. For in
England. while the income
taxes are relatively high, the
sales taxes in addition are
substantial. The taxes on
autos, refrigerators, washing
machines. radio sets. however,
are being materially reduced.
It is interesting to note
that government spending is
actually to be increased in the
new British budget by about
$302.4 million. But the total
reduction in taxes neverthe-
less amounts to about $473.2
million. This means that the
budget is in balance even with
the tax reductions. These re-
ductionS. incidentally. include
a repeal of the 80 per cent
exceSs-profits tax to take ef-
feet the end Of this year.
American businessmen will
be envious of their British
brethren in the marts of trade
who are to receive rebates in
taxes of 20 per cent Of the
cost of new machinery, 10 per
cent of the cost of new roads
and buildings. and 40 per cent
of the cost of new mines pro-
vided they use their profits to
improve capital assets.
The drive in this session Of
Congress to permit flexible
amortization has hardly be-
gun, though agitation for it
has been going on for many
Evening star., 1953-04-15

detail and as a whole the
Soviet proposals, I think it
will find them insincere.
A reason for doubling sin.
cerity is the condition of the
satellite states. Are the So.
viets likely to offer a united
Germany the freedoms they
deny to Poland. Czechoslo-
vakia. Hungary, Romania and
Bulgaria?
And if it is desirable for
world peace that Germany.
like Sweden, should be outside
any military alliance of one
bloc directed against the
other; if it is desirable that
Germany be liberated to form
a strong buffer between the
Atlantic powers and the So
viets, would not world peace
be even more advanced by tho
extension of the same status
to the whole of Central Eu-
rope?
Why should the West accept
military naturalization of its
most eastern defense post un-
less the Soviet Union accepts
naturalization of it's most
western defense posts, which
extend to within a few miles
of Berlin?
This, it seems to me, is a
counterproposition that might
be raised in a discussion Of
the Russian proposals. Diplo.
matically, it would enormously
hearten the East European
states by tying in German
freedom with theirs. If the
anticipated Russian proposals
are merely a propaganda ma
neuver, such a counterproposal
would out-trump them. It
would put the Soviets, for a
change, on the political de-
fensive.
Evening star., 1953-04-15
Russian Overture

for q German settlement.
It will not be the first. In
March, 1852. Stalin's govern
j. ment made a sensational over
ture. It. outlined the terms of
a peace treaty to be signed by
all the powers that fought
Germany. ITS points included
Cd unif1cation of Germany,
90 withdrawal of occupation
forces within a year of the
treaty's signing, 90 self-gov-
ernment with full civil liberties
except for organizations hos
tile to democracy and peace"
90 restoration of civil rights
to all not serving sentences
for crimes, 60 military neu-
tralization of Germany to bar
her from any military alliance
with either West or East, Ger
many to have national mill
tary forces for the defense of
her neutral position, CO no
limitations on her economy
or freedom to trade, Cd ac-
ceptance of the Potsdam
frontiers.
The Western powers refused
a four-power conference to
discuss these proposals as a
whole. They countered that
German unificatlon should
first be accomplished on the
basis Of free elections if a
U. N. commission previously
established that conditions
for free elections existed in
the Russian zone, and that
further peace arrangements
should wait.
This did not seem to most
Europeans at the time to be
an adequate response. 1t obvi-
ously precluded any possibility
OF German uniflcation or a
peace settlement. It proposed
that Russia should permit re-
unif1cation and elections, which
would certainly return an anti
Communist alderman gov
ernment, before Germany's
future military status was
agreed upon.
Since the Russian overture
was designed to prevent a Ger
man military alliance with the
West in return for abandoning
a possible German military al
lance with the East, that be-
ing, on the face of it, the only
price exacted for other radical
concessions, the move came to
nothing. But it did reveal that
the West has, itself, no scheme
for a settlement which equally
protects the Atlantic states,
Germany, and the Soviet
Union. Yet that is what any
settlement. to be self-sustain-
ing, must do.
1t is certain, I think, that any
new overture from Russia will
repeat in substance the pro-
posals of March, 1852. And in
the climate of the mounting
peace wave, and with elections
pending in Germany, Ameri-
can diplomacy and the Ade-
nauer government will risk
grave dangers by simply re-
peating its position of a year
ago.
For although the West is
militarily stronger than it was
then, the political situation has
not improved. The European
defense treaty has not been
ratified by France and it has
powerful opponents in Ger
many who will make them
selves heard during the election
campaign this summer.
If the Russians were really
prepared to permit a united
nom Communist Germany with
no interference in her internal
affairs, in return for her mill
tary naturalization between
the two blocs. the proposition
would be worthy Of earnest
consideration.
But II the West explores in
Evening star., 1953-04-15
Dorothy Thompson:
Dorothy Thompson:
MoIenkovMightBe Out-trumped
CounerProposoI to Any Typical Russian Overture
On Germun Identification Con Be Ace in Hole

In line with the peace over
lures of Malenkov, Washing
ton anticipates a Russian move
, 1953-11-09
No. 9O6
GOVERNMENT OF
THE VIRGIN ISLANDS OF THE UNITED STATES
Charlotte Amalie, ST. Thomas
CERTIFICATE Of REGISTRATION Of ASSIGNMENT
THE TINKER TOYS, INC.

for registration in the Virgin Islands Of the United States OF
assignment of Trademark bearing Certificate OF Reglstraton
135,346, registered in the u. S. Patent Office on Sept
28, 1920. and in the Virgin Islands Of the United States on
June !, 1858, and it having been shown that said trademark
has been assigned to A. G. Spalding & BrossInc Of Chicopee,
Mass, a corporation of Delaware, by instrument dated July
l6. 1858, and recorded in the U. S. Patent Office on July 70,
1858.
THIS IS 70 CERTIFY that the said renewal has been
recorded in the Office of heNEovernment Secretary OF the
Virgin Islands Of the United States. at St. Thomas, in accord
ance with the provisionsin thesRegulatons governing the re-
gistration of Patents and Trademarks in the Virgin Islands,
approved April ], 1916.
In testimony whereof. / have hereunto set my hand and
caused fhe Seal Of the Government of the Virgin Is
lands of the United States to be affixed at Charlotte
Amaie, St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, this 2srd day OF
October, 1858.
SEAL
DANIEL w. AMBROSE
Government Secretary for the Virgin Islands
#4 9-
, 1953-11-09
pIishment Of no mean proportions.

IT SHOULD NOT BE necessary here, nor is il the in
tention, to nulmerate detailed incidents Our people know
what is taking place, 50 that il is but necessary to call atten-
ton to the total picture in order for all the pieces to come tp
mind.
GOVERNOR DE- CASTRO has come in for his share #
criticism, and in a number Of occasions ne has deserved
them. And this paper has not hestatedto point out or differ
Whenever the occasion so dictated. Yet by the same token
this paper must sremind, its readers that the administration
Of Governor d. Castro has been a successful and productive
one. a 80
, 1953-11-09
MoNpAY. NoVEMRER |. 1858
eOYERNoR DE CAsTRQS TERM

GOVERNOR DE CASIRCS IEKM
S sgnsas saN9fN s te 81 HR rrH4oa IT'S a4sE
THERE IS NOTHING quite like a review. The guessese,
the criHcisms, the successes and failures can alb bedassessed
for what. they are worth. With this inamind we turn to the
threeyear term Of Governor Morris i. de Castro, which is
drawing to a close a
EVERYTHING CONSIDERED, the term Of. Governor
de Castro has been a successful on. This measured by two
main line Of accomplishment ~ the material, andthe social
political, There are those who would go to great lengths to
dscredit the administration of Governor de Castro but a
closer look will reveal that these critics. might have been SO
absorbed in the maze Of their self created criticism that they
lost sight of everything else. And that frequently happens
People can Become so engrossed in some pet peeves that
everything else is LOST. Its therefore necessary to start off BY
reminding our readers that any appraisal made here, to be
valuable at all, must be purely objective.
ON THE MATERIAL side, the administration Of Gov.
ernor de Castro can point with satisfying pride to extension
in housing, the construction of public buildings including
hospitals, schools, both high and elementary, waterfront de-
yelopment, and roads, perhaps the most significant OF which
is the road to two important sections of St. John, and now
the opening Of direct telephone communication between ST.
Croix, st. Thomas, and Puerto Rico. This will be extended
to the mainland the latter part Of this year,
o THEsOTHER SIDE Governor de Castros admins
tration can point to the quiet, but steady and firm determine
ton to see that discrimination get no foothold in these
parts. If his administration could point to little else, this
would by all means be enough, especially when it is con
sidered, though not seriously enough by many that this isl
undoubtedly one Of the most precious possessions Of these
Islands. But there are other intangible accomplishments to
which his administration could point with jusifiable pride
Among these is a constant effort to keep awake an aware
ness Of the need for economic independence. The quality OF
education has improved, an effort to raise standards, and
there has been an encouraging dwelling off Of effective work
ing relationships withthe Legislature. Again, this is an accom-
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-17

sey Rucker and Rev p z Castle
as members. % Press and Pub
licity with c. F. Starks as chair
man, and Rev. c. A w, Clarke,
A. Maceo Smith, U. S. Tate and
Rev. |. B. Loud, as members, 80
Speakers Bureau Rev. E, C.
Estell as chairman, Mrs. NJ. A.
Flanagan, Mrs. Ruby Curl, Mrs.
Vareta Gulley, A. r. Hardesty,
Mrs. j. c. Craft, Rev A. V Voice,
and Mrs. II. II. Roark, as mem
bers. ca Mass Meeting Attorney
]. l.. Turner chairman: DIR, W. I.
Burke, Rev. B. r. Riley. 90 FIN
ance Committee George l., Al
len, chairman, Rev. Brooks JOSH
VA, Rev. C. C. Cyphers. DR.. l.. G.
Pinkston and Rev. c. A. w. Clarke.
90 Transportation and Shopping
Aids Committee will be named
later to facilitate organized shop
ping tours to nearby cities.
The next meeting will be called
by the chairman after appropri-
ate contacts have been made with
200 citywide organizations tn at
will designate representatives to
serve ON the general committee.
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-17
Public Housing
Jimcro Banned
By Federal Judge

EVANSVILLE. Ind Exclusion
of Negroes from occupancy OF
dwelling units in a federally-aid-
ed low rent housing project here
has been banned by a ruling
handed down by Judge William
~Rler of the United States
district court in response to
suit brought against the Evans
VILE Housing Authority by at
torneys of the National Associa-
ton for the Advancement OF Col
ored People,
In his ruling handed down on
July 6. Judge Steckler. for the
first time in any case, held that
approval tof segregation in the
project by the United States
Public Housing Administration
violates the public policy of the
United States He further held
Ehat the local housing authority'S
policy of enforced segregation
violates the rights secured to the
plaintiffs and other members of
their class by the equal protec-
fion and due process clauses of
she Fourteenth Amendment" and
OF the veterans preference and
eligibility sections of the Nation
Housing Act of 1949
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-17
Pennsfafe Factory
Sets Precedent

Philadelphia, the largest ei-
gar producing area in the United
States, is also the home of tn e
Pennstate Cigar corporation, man
ufacturers of the new Booker
T" cigar.
The Pennstate factory is To-
Gated in the greater northern Sec
ton of the city and employs two
shifts of workers totaling over
400 persons. Twenty years ago
when the factory first began OPP
erations, its owners, Walter X,
Lyon and Harry l. Tabakin, fol-
lowed the standards arbitrarily
established by the cigar industry
by hiring only white employees
to roll the cigars, At that time
Negroes were delegated to the
stripping room where the stems
were removed from the tobacco
leaf.
However, with the outbreak of
World War II, shortages in labor
were felt by Pennstate as well as
every other manufacturer thruout
the country. In facing this sudden
emergency. Lyon and Tabakin
compared notes and found that
each was willing to break the
long standing precedent as re-
CARDS to cigar making by placing
Negroes on the idle rolling ma
chimes.
The change was made gradual
ly and without any visible hard
feelings on the part Of the other
employees. It was found that Ne
gro girls could operate the COM
pick machines with the same de-
gree of skill as any white en-
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-17

with my work and my life. I am
now going back home to finish
the article on MAU MAU, and to
continue my work for first class
citizenship, for the implementa-
ton Of the Constitution of these
United States, PLUS ALL ITS A
MENDMENTS. for all our citizens,
and to work for peace and friend
ship with the people and peoples
l like and choose, not those some
very prejudiced people choose for
me.
II may be said that did not
cooperate with the Senate COM
mittee. When the Senate coope-
rates with me and the Negro
people to the extent of insuring
our first class citizenship. then I
will be able to give It first class
cooperation in carrying out le-
Ultimate Senate business.
| believe the real purpose Of the
Mccarthy committee and all the
other Congressional committees
prying into peoples politics and
preferences is to scare the peo-
pie into silence so that there will
be no real fight for equal job
rights, full voting rights, and an
end to all segregation and dis
elimination.
Congressional committees or no
congressional committees, I'm 60
ing to keep on fighting, and | be-
ieve the whole American people
will, too.