davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1953-01-29

daughter-and another daugh-
ter 1--WE hope) arriving soon. "
A complication described by
her physician as a rare" con-
dition resulting in interna'
hemorrhage claimed the life Of
the expectant mother on Mon
day. Just before her death the
infant was delivered by caesar
ian operation. 1t was a boy,
and was born dead.
Pictures of the family-the
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1953-01-29
Veteran Councilman Says
Extra Man Is Useless Expense

Objections to the continued increase in police expense in
Chardon voiced by Councilman Lloyd Carlson at the
hearing the budget at the last council meeting.
"How long going to keep increasing these ex-
he asked when the council reached the safety fund
division of the budget-which this year totals $20320
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1953-01-29
ChardonCas
Lose to
Perry,5 5O-52

Perry Highs basketball team
rolled to its fourth Western Re-
serve League triumph, edging
Chardon, So so, here Tuesday
night. Ernie Trubinski paced
Perry with 16 points.
pERRV-E0
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1953-01-29
FOX HUNT AT NEWBURY

NEWBURY - Newbury will
stage a fox hunt next Sunday,
Feb. l, starting at 8 am, at
Newbury Grange Park, a half,
mile west of Newbury Cent?
Only shotguns will be used
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1953-01-29
YOUR NEWSPAPER

Is made possible by the
advertising of your local
merchants. More advertising
means more news space.
Evening star., 1953-05-24

that test. a government Is ready for
recognition if it:
o Is in possession of the machin-
cry Of the state;
. Administers the government
with the assent of the people-that
is, without armed resistance to it's
authority;
. Is willing and able to fulfill all
normal international obligations of
sovereign state.
1t is doubtful that China could
qualify, even after truce, on all
three points. The State Department
could argue that as long as Chang
still holds part of China in the role
of President of the Republic of
China, then the Reds do not quite
have ale the machinery of govern
ment. Furthermore, Chiang's forces
and the guerrilla groups on the
mainland would constitute armed re-
sistance. Nor can Red China be said
to be responsible nation in inter-
national affairs as long as she backs
aggression in Asia, miStreatS foreign
nationals and refuses to honor inter-
national agreements.
On the other hand. some argue
that those three traditional stand
ards should not be applied at all
to Red China. She is a case stand
ing alone. The Chinese Commu-
nists represent a major portion Of
worldwide Communist conspiracy
Evening star., 1953-05-24
Official Silence Greets Newest Ruors of Deal With Franco

chemicals. There are deposits Of
coal, iron, copper, zinc and lead
available, but mining techniques
leave much to be desired.
Most of Spain's foreign trade is
with Britain, France and the United
States. Top exports are oranges,
cotton goods, olives and olive oil.
The tourist trade-that So-called
invisible export is bringing
in a good return. Principal imports
are petroleum products, raw cotton,
machinery, electrical material, fer
tilizerS, autos and wheat.
Francois armed forces include a
land army of from 100000 to 400
900 men, a navy Of cruisers, 18
destroyers, 6 submarines and va
rious other vessels, and an air force
of $500 pilots equipped with obso-
lete planes.
Admittedly TotoIitorion
When Franco set up business back
in 1889 he made it clear that he
intended to keep tight control in
the country and that's the way it
has been.
The legislature, or Cortes, is
mainly a rubber stamp. There is
little legislation that it can orig
mate. Franco has final authority
over it. He rules through a cabinet
which he appoints.
Democratic rights like habeas cor
pus, trial by jury, religious liberty
and the right of free association Gin
trade unions, for example) are de-
MED Spaniards, under the F@nco
regime.
Franco Spain has been denied en-
try into the United Nations because
of it's close ties with Hitlerts Ger
many and Mussolini's Italy and it's
present totalitarian government. U.
N. members were asked to with
draw ambassadors from Spain in
1916. The United States, unrepre-
sented by an ambassador in Madrid
Evening star., 1953-05-24

at the time, did not send new man.
Like Britain, France and other U. N.
members, however, the United States
kept lower-ranking diplomatic rep
resentatives in Madrid.
The purpose of withdrawing am
bassadors was to bring pressure on
Franco to change his ways, to move
in the direction of more democratic
government. The scheme didn't
work. Secretary Of State Acheson
acknowledged in 1850 that the idea
was a mistake. It was inconsistent.
he pointed out, for the free world
to withhold ambassadorial recogni-
ton from Spain while accrediting
ambassadors to East European to-
talitarian regimes.
The United States and Spain ex-
changed ambassadors in 1851. And
on the initiative of Latin American
and Arab countries, Franco Spain
was allowed to join United Nations
affliates. In 1852 Spain entered the
Food and Agriculture Organization
and UNESCO. At present, James c.
Dunn is our envoy in Madrid and
Spain's Ambassador here is Don
Jose Felix de Leguerica.
Americas attitude toward Spain
began to change when the Commu-
nistS moved into South Korea. AS
fear of general war mounted,
Spain's strategic position on the
Iberian peninsula suddenly became
more important. At Defense Depart
ment inSistence, the attitudes toward
the Franco regime were modified.
Congress voted $62.5 million loan
for Spain in 1850, although it was
not programmed until 1852.
In October, 1851, Congress voted a
$100 million grant for Spain and
this was augmented by $25 million in
June last year. None of this money
has been spent yet. however. It is
expected to become part of the pres
ent bases-for- deal.
Observers who have been drawn
Evening star., 1953-05-24

that was a good idea and went
along with the policy.
President Wilson was a great
supporter of that theory and ap-
piled it by withholding recognition
in several instances in Central and
South Notwithstanding that of
the Huerta government of Mexico
in 1918.
President Hoover, in his relations
with Central and South American
nations, began shift back to the
policy that recognition merely ac-
cepted the existence of another
government-good or bad. He i'm
posed one condition, however. A
government imposed on a nation by
foreign power by force would not
be recoonized.
President Roosevelt implied no ap-
proval when he recognized Commu-
mist Russia in 1888, even though her
government was unpopular. Presi-
dent Truman refused after World
War II to recognize the puppet gov
ernments imposed on the Baltic
countries.
So, strictly speaking. historic prec-
edent is a poor guide. 1t can be
cited to support either recognition
or non-recognition of Red China.
Then how about the well-known
triple-test of recognition, that has
been recited, with variations. by
Presidents since Jefferson? Under
Evening star., 1953-05-24
BY Richard FrykIund

With Congress to the right of
them, Britain to the left of them
and Chang Kai-shek ahead of them.
State Department officials are peer
ing into the jaws of death and wish
ing fervently that the question of
recognition of Red China did not
exist.
But nothing could be surer than
this: The State Department will be
dragged into the recognition dilem-
ma just as soon as truce is con-
cluded in Korea.
The United States does not recog-
nize the Chinese Communist govern
ment. But Britain does, and Prime
Minister Churchill has indicated he
would like America to join in recog-
milton after the fighting stops.
Other Britishers-and other Euro
peanS and AsianS-have been even
more firm and more vocal on that
point than the diplomatic Prime
Minister.
A powerful group Of Republican
Congressman, men like Senators
Knowland Of California, Bridges of
New Hampshire and Mccarthy of
Wisconsin, insist, however. that our
attitude toward Red China already
is becoming too lenient. Recognition
would be totally unthinkable for
them.
The administration apparently
agrees that recognition of the Reds
in the foreseeable future, even after
a truce, would be bad policy.
DipIomots in the Middle
Thus the diplomats are in the
middle. To give ground on recogni-
ton would mean riot on Capitol
Hill, and to hold out would mean
possible estrangement from the rest
of the free world.
Perhaps an answer could be found
in the field of historic precedents.
How have we treated other nations
under similar circumstances?
President Eisenhower indicated at
a recent press conference that pre-
cedent would lead us to keep our
policy of non-recognition. He said
it had been American policy since
Wilson that recognition" also
meant tacit approval of the other
government.
But the President seemed to be
on shaky ground. For historic
precedent actually goes both ways.
In some instances we have refused
recognition of Illegal" revolution
ary governments, but in other in
stances we have recognized an un-
popular government OF the theory
that recognition does not imply ap-
proval. And there have been wide
variations on both those themes.
Post Policies
Through the 18O0s. the usual
American policy was that recogni-
ton did not imply approval. In
1907, however, five Central Ameri-
can nations signed an agreement
not to recognize revolutionary gov
ernmentS which might seize power
from one of the five. Presumably
this would discourage prospective
revol6tionistS. It also implied that
approval was implied in recogni-
ton. The United States thought
Evening star., 1953-05-24

of aggression and should not be
recognized even If the government
attainS a surface legality. So runs
one argument.
Those favoring recognition say
that the Red Chinese government
represents an undisputed fact in
world politics and must be recog-
nized, if we are to increase our
chance of peace, even though that
government fails to qualify under
the old rules.
These views bring one to what is
obviously the best guide for the State
Department: Enlightened self-inter-
est. What would we stand to gain or
lose by recognizing Red China after
the truce is signed?
We would gain added confidence
of our European and Asian friends
who fear our Far East policy has be-
come so rigid we may drag the world
into a war. But the State Depart
ment would lose the confidence of
persons, particularly Republican
Congressman, who believe it is
neither possible nor morally right to
compromise with a rattleSnake.
We would be able to protect our
commercial interests and mission
aries in China if we had consular
representatives there. But we would
also expose our representatives to
more harassment by the Reds.
We would be able to reopen trade
Evening star., 1953-05-24
By EorI H. Voss

The air is atingle once more with
rumors that Spain and the United
States are about to complete bases
for-aid deal. But still there is no
official word from either side on
what is involved in the negotiations,
which have been going on inter-
mittently since 1851. Nobody on
the outside really knows how many
Spanish bases or how many dollars
are to be traded. although some very
knowledgeable speculation has come
out from time to time.
Meanwhile enthusiastic friends
and equally fervent enemies of Gen.
Francisco Franco, dictator Of Spain,
continue to exchange well-worn
verbal brickbats.
Franco Spain came into being
March 18. 1889. when the National
ist (rebeD forces, aided by Fascist
Italy and Nazi Germany, wrung
final victory from the Popular Front
forces, backed by the Soviet Union
and left-wing volunteers from
France, Britain and the United
States. Fourteen days later, on
April l, the United States recognized
Gen. frances admittedly totalitari-
an regime. We have not withdrawn
recognition since, although we did
withhold an Ambassador for a few
years.
Franco played very clever game
throughout World War II. He called
it neutrality. Each of the belliger-
ents however. thought he was help
ing the other side.
Help to Allies
Here are some of the things
Franco did during World War II
which his American friends cite as
proof he helped the allied cause:
. Gave 1900 American airmen
refuge and allowed them to leave
Spain freely if they were forced
down there. He did not intern them.
. Allowed Free French, in numbers
variously estimated at from $4,000
to 10000, to escape German -occu-
pied France through Spain to join
French forces in North Africa.
Q Winked at American intelligence
operations based in Spain to get
information out of German occupied
France.
. Resisted German pressure for aid
in taking British-held Gibraltar and
entering Africa in a pincer move
ment.
Q Remained neutral while Gen.
Eisenhower staged the invasion of
North Africa. Prime Minister Church
i'll said of this in 1914: "Spain's
power to injure us was at its very
highest when United States and Brit
ish forces descended upon Northwest
Africa"
Help to Axis
Frances enemies, on the other
hand. recall other World War II
acts which show certain amount of
interest in the Axis cause:
. Sent the famous Blue Division of
$4,000 Spaniards to fight with Ger
many against the Russians. He
withdrew it in 1914, after a strong
United States protest and after Hit
Ter started losing.
. Allowed Nazi U-boats to operate
out of Vigo, on Spain's northeast
coast, near the Portuguese border.
Expressed cordiality for Jose
Laurel, the Japanese choice to head
the Philippines during the war years.
Winked at Axis intelligence op-
erations inside the country.
In playing the game this way.
Franco protected his already dew
Evening star., 1953-05-24

into the speculation about what sort
of deal Franco and the United
States are planning usually make
the unspent $125 million their mini
mum point of departure. Many be-
lieve that Franco will get much more
assistance than that before the deal
is completed.
In return America is expected to
get naval bases at two or three Of
Spain's best ports, probably Coruna,
Cadiz and Cartagena, and airbases
to handle the heaviest types of air.
craft. Among the locations for air
bases prominently mentioned have
been Madrid, Seville, Burgos, Lugo,
Valencia and Barcelona. Both the
naval and air bases are said to be
in need of extensive improvements.
Hiehwoy Rumored
Some of the more hopeful reports
say that America may spend some
of its aid money on a military high
way bisecting the Iberian Peninsula
from north to south. 1t would run
from Irun in the north, through
Madrid to Gibraltar.
One of the most important effects
Of American bases in Spain would
be to establish the United States
permanently as the leading Mediter-
ranean power, diSplacing Great
Britain. How the American forces
would fit into the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization is a problem
still to be worked out. Britain is
known to favor British control of
the American ships from Gibraltar.
The United States, of course, would
prefer to have units in Spain report
directly to the Supreme Allied Com
mander, Atlantic, Admiral Lynde
Mccormick, headquartered in Nor
folk. Va.
If the United States were to get
all three naval bases mentioned,
she would, of course, command both
the Atlantic approaches and the
Mediterranean approaches to South
west Europe. Adding the naval
and air bases already set up in
Italy, Morocco and the Middle East,
it is apparent that United States
power would completely dominate
the area.
Second Line of Defense
One of the principal advantages
CT Spain as military base is its
sheltered position behind the Pyre-
nees. It is the ideal second line
of defense in case Soviet aggressors
sweep over the rest of continental
Europe. One misgiving of the
French and British is that the
United States may be showing a
lack of confidence in France and
Germany to stem any aggression
from the East.
Airbases in Spain would be within
striking range Of Moscow, Of course.
The air distance from Gibraltar to
Moscow is 2,413 miles. BritainS
Gibraltar base would benefit, too.
American bases would have to be
equipped with early warning radar
and fighter cover, which also would
protect Gibraltar.
How soon a definite agreement
will be reached remains anybody's
guess. There have been several
false alarms in the past. Franco
drives a hard bargain. and makes
no secret of his distaste for any
foreign interference in his affairs.
Rumor has it that any agreement
reached will cover only five years.
That should be time enough, how
ever. for the Defense Department
and Frances generals to Judge the
worth Of the idea.
Evening star., 1953-05-24

astated country and made the most
of his chances to prof1teer from the
worlds war economy.
The Spaniards, Of course, have
their own slant on their World War
II conduct. Here is how Frances
brother in law, Ramon Serrano
Suner, explains the Blue Division:
"The aim was to repay commu-
nism, not Russia, for the damage
done to- us in the civil war by its in
tense activity. The reply was small
compared to the offense. Actually,
$4,000 men without arms added to
the military machine of Germany
could not be of any Importance in
the final result. This force
could not compare with the vast
help given by Russia and the Com
munistS to our enemy which enabled
them to resist us for nearly three
years in the 1936-1939 civil war.
Thanks to the Blue Division, our re-
lationS with Germany were i'm
proved and we were spared many
difficulties at the hands of our pow
erful German neighbor, for the Ger
mans were on the Pyrenees and pos
sibly the Blue Division saved us
from being involved in the war. The
Spanish people understood it that
way"
Even Mr.. Churchill found some
thing in this reasoning. He COM
mented in 1913: 1.-The way Hitler
and Mussolini were treated by Gen.
Franco is a monumental example
of ingratitude."
There are an estimated % million
people in Spain today. Agriculture
is the backbone of the economy.
Wheat is the principal crop. Others
are olives. grapes, oranges, potatoes,
barley, oats, rye, cork and pulses.
The land is old, tired and, in gen.
eral, poorly fertilized and irrigated.
SpainS main industries are tex
tiles, wine, olive oil, fishing and
Evening star., 1953-05-24

in the China area. But the Chinese
Reds would increase their trade even
more and would reap most of the
benefits from an end to the blockade.
We would be able to "regularize"
our relations with the Reds and in
fluence them in more favorable di-
rectionS. The British in particular
have liked this argument. But the
Reds would get the better end of the
influence" deal. The prestige of
the Communists would soar in the
Far East, and other nations-Burma
and Thailand, for instance-might
find it easier to emulate the Chinese
and spit in the Western imperialist
eye.
We would help separate Red
China from Russia if we recognized
her. But Red China apparently has
more independence than did Tito
when he detected. So China would
not see the same necessity for a
break. If break did come, how
ever, a Red China that was COM
pletely independent from Russia
would be in q stronger position to
appeal to Asian 'neutrals."
Furthermore, if we recognized Red
China, we would lose much of the
value that the Nationalist Chinese
regime has for us as comparatively
free" rallying point for non-Com-
munist Chinese everywhere.
No Hurry to RECOGNIZE
There is nothing to indicate the
State Department feels the argu-
mentS for recognition outweigh
those against. There is, moreover,
nothing to indicate that the State
Department feels that anything
short of an unlikely reformation of
the Chinese Reds would tip the
scales far enough to make recogni-
ton desirable.
So the State Department certainly
is not looking for an excuse to rec
ognize Mao Tse-tung's Red govern
ment. 1t seems ready to continue
its policy of not even mentioning
the name, Central Peoples Govern
ment of the Peoples Republic of
China. (We refer to the Reds at
Panmunjom, for instance, as your
side" or '"the Chinese Communist
Authorities.
While maintaining the non-recog-
milton policy, the State Department
probably will continue to try to win
Britain over to it's point of view.
There are reports already that Brit
ain is beginning to realize some of
the drawbacks in it's hasty recogni-
tion of the Reds. The Communists,
incidentally have refused to return
the compliment and recognize
Britain.
Unless conditions change radically
in the China area. however, it is
difficult to see how the State De-
partment can perform forever the
trick of ignoring the existence of
the government of 400 million Chi
nese. The worst strain is expected
to come When-and if-the post
truce Far East political conference
opens and we are forced to negoti-
ate general settlements with the
Chinese Reds and with other coun-
tries having a stake in the Far East.
The State Departments gallant
Six Hundred is not looking forward
to that ride into the mouth of Hell.
Evening star., 1953-05-24
Weird Tax
No Wonder Excess
Lew Is ReviIed
By WiIIiom Hines

When Senator Taft of Ohio said
last week that the excess profits tax
was a vicious" levy, there were
fervent Amen" Not all, by q long
shot, were big business types, and
not all objected to taxation of cor
porationS in general.
One of the chief objections to the
tax is that it tends to destroy initia-
tive and penalize efficiency. Here is
the story of three companies and
how they Jared in the never-never
land of the excess profits tax. Except
for the fact that the companies do
not exist and their product is f1cti-
tious, the story is true-in the sense
that 1t could happen.
On Smog boulevard in Middle
town, q. 8. A., stand three factories,
the homes, respectively. Of the Acme
Co., Bullseye, Inc, and the Criterion
Corp. The three Arms make foith-
boinders. these articles being utterly
without strategic or defense value,
yet not notably in the luxury class.
Each Of these concerns Is an
established operation, with q corpo-
rate history going back well before
World War II. Each is capitalized
exactly like the others, to the tune
of 81 million, in 10000 common
shares Of 500 par value. Each COM
pany derives all its income from
production Of goods, pays out all
its earnings after taxes in dividends,
and has had no capital additions
or reductions in recent times. And
each company'S foithboinders are
precisely as good as the foithboind-
ers Of its competitors.
And as far as war profiteering is
concerned, that did not enter into
the picture. The total profits (be-
fore. taxes) of the three companies
increased As per cent between 1949
and 1852, while the general price
level went up about 1874 per cent.
So the industry's real profits before
taxes (meaning the purchasing
power of its earnings) Slumped
about II per cent in that period.
Last year, when the auditors
struck balance sheets. each COM
pany had a net taxable income of
100000. What taxes did each pay?
The logical assumption would be
that whatever the tax bill of one, it
should be equal to that of it's COM
petitors on Smog boulevard. But
such an assumption reckons without
the excess profits tax. This year,
when tax-paying time arrived, the
picture looked like this:
Evening star., 1953-05-24

Thus arises an Alice-in-W Wonder
land situation in which the stock
of a prosperous, well-operated COM
pany sells far below that of a firm
in a less favorable financial posi-
tion-all because of the working
6 the excess profits tax.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-06-09
Knoxville

Mr.. and Mrs. Raymond Brook
ing and children, of Richmond,
are visiting Mr.. and Mrs. E. l..
Wooten
Mr. and Mrs. w. F. OMeara
and Linda. of Bluefield, w. Va.
spent the week end with Mr.. and
Mrs. John Word
Mr. and Mrs. James f. Gillispie
and sons. and Miss Ruby Gillispie.
Of Richmond. spent the week end
with Mr. and Mrs. c. B. Wooten.
Miss Edith Maxey, OF Howards-
vile. spent several days last
week in the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. c. L. Duty.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. f. Coleman. of
Farmville. visited Mr.. and Mrs.
B. G. Ransom. Saturday afternoon.
j. G. Snow spent several days
last week visiting Harold Coleman.
en- route from his home, at Fort
Myers, Fla, to Battle Creek,
Mich, his place of business. He
and Harold were friends when