davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-11-18
BY the Assoeioted Press

LOS ANGELES, Nov. ia
new, all-time world speed record
of 1912 miles an hour was
established october IA in a
Douglas Skyrocket by Scott
CroSsf1eld, pilot for the National
Advisory Committee for Aero
nauticS, the Times says today.
The former mark was 1888
miles an hour, set August Is.
1851, by Bill Bridgeman, Douglas
test pilot, in the same plane.
Marvin Miles, Times aviation
editor, says the NACA verified
the new mark.
Mr.. Crossfield, 80, World War
II Navy fighter pilot, began his
research speed fight after his
rocket plane was dropped from
the belly of a superfortreSS
bomber at about $4,000 feet.
He climbed over Edwards Air
Force Base on the Mojave
Desert.
Mr.. Crossfield zoomed up at
an angle of Is to 80 degrees,
gaining momentum as he
reached the crest of his arc
at $4,000 feet. Then he started
down, giving the aircraft its
final burst of fuel. At that in
slant it reached its greatest
" speed.
Evening star., 1953-11-18
Record 7,272 MPH Reported
Set by Douglas Skyrocket

The plane was under power
only for about three minutes
before being nosed down toward
dead-stick landing in II min
utes at better than $50 m.p.h.
Mr.. Miles said NACA's West
ern headquarters at Moffett
Field, Calf, acknowledged that
Mr.. Crossfield had established
the new mark. Mr.. Crossfield
has made about so flights in the
Skyrocket, several since the rec
ord-making fight. A Marine
pilot, 1t. Col. Marion Carl, set
world altitude mark of 1925
feet in the Skyrocket last Au-
gust 81.
Research speed marks repre-
sent the fastest man can. fly
as opposed to official speed rec
ords made at low attitudes in
level fight over specified
courses.
Evening star., 1953-11-18
Fruit Group to Meet

MARTINSBURG, w. Va, Nov
18 (SpeciaD The Cumberland
Shenandoah Fruit Workers Con-
ference. embracing research
scientists in this four-State
fruit-producing belt, will hold its
29th annual meeting at the
Shenandoah Hotel here Friday
and SATURDAY..
Evening star., 1953-11-18

|. 1000 Dupont nyIon inside and
out makes q heaven sent snowsuit
for your little angel. Washable,
fost drying, lightweight. Boys
coIors: dark green, red, blue, yellow.
Girls coIors: red, copen, yellow.
Z, 8 and 3x. 17.95
WGL-Nursev Corner, 4th Floor oIso
Chevy Chase and Alexandria
2. For boys or girls, the nyIon snow
suit with snug, tipped crusader
hood. The jacket zips, so do the
ski-ponts. With washable AcriIon
fur-Ike trim; in navy, dark green.
3 to Ok. $500
WGL-JuveniIe Apparel, 4th Floor
olso Chevy Chase and Alexandra
8. The fovorite pea coat for girls,
pure wool Melton cloth in navy with
red corduroy lining, brass buttons,
beIted back. 7 to IA. 14.95
Bright plaid square wool heodscorf,
1000 wool, with frineed ends. 100
WGL-GirIs' Apparel, 4th Floor
:. oIso Chevy Chose and Alexandria
4. TrundIe Bundle Estron sleeping
bag is downy soft and warm, lets
baby sleep in any position. Yellow,
mint, pink, blue, z years. 7.95
WGL-NurseY Corner, 4th Floor
=. oIso Chevy Chose and Alexandria
Evening star., 1953-11-18

and of Christmas shortest gifts eothebound
EveHones falling in love With shcu jackets in supple
kdskn sky blue jackets candy pink jackets bright lug
gage jackets and the white thot kind to compilations.
Wear it beIted or beItIess Sizes u to 18 1895
WoL-sporweo. oko Chevy Alexandria
Evening star., 1953-01-16

achievements that we can all
be proud Of. Think of the
difference between our course
now and our course 80 years
ago. After the first World
War. we withdrew from world
affairs-We failed to act in
concert with other peoples
against aggression-we helped
to kill the League of Nations
and we built up tariff bar
riers which strangled world
trade. This time, we avoided
those mistakes. We helped to
found and to sustain the
United Nations. We have
welded alliances that include
the greater part of the free
world. And we have gone
ahead with other free coun-
tries to help build their econo-
mics and link us all together
in a healthy world trade.
Evening star., 1953-01-16
Text of the Presidents Farewell Message to the Nation

The tert OF President Tru-
mans address to the Nation
last night:
I am happy to have this op-
portunity to talk to you once
more before I leave the White
House.
Next Tuesday. Gen. Eisen-
hover will be inaugurated as
President of the United States.
A short time after the new
President takes his oath of
Office. I will be on the train
going back home to Independ-
ence, Mo. I will once again
be a plain. private citizen of
this Republic.
That is as it should be. In
auguration Day will be a great
demonstration of our demo-
cratic process. I am glad to
be part of it-glad to wish
Gen. Eisenhower all possible
success, as he begins his term
glad the whole world will
have a chance to see how
simply and how peacefully our
American system transfers the
vast power of the Presidency
from my hands to his. It is a
good object lesson in democ-
racy. / am proud of it. I
know you are, too.
During the last two months.
I have done my best to make
this transfer an orderly one.
I have talked with my success
sor on the affairs of the coun-
try, both foreign and domestic.
and my cabinet officers have
talked with their successors.
I want to say that Gen. Eisen-
hover and his associates have
co-operated fully in this effort.
Such an orderly transfer from
one party to another has never
taken place before in our his
tory. I think a real precedent
has been set.
Evening star., 1953-01-16
Secret Service Caution
Made Life Restrictive

OF course, for more than
three years. Mrs. Truman and
were not living in the White
House. We were across the
street in the Blair House. That
was when the White House al
most fell down on us and had
to be rebuilt. I had a study
over at the Blair House, too,
but living in the Blair House
was not as convenient as liv-
ing in the White House. The
Secret Service wouldn't let me
walk across the street, so I
had to get in a car every morn
ing to cross the street to the
White House Office. again at
noon to go to the Blair House
for lunch, again to go back
to the office after lunch. and
finally take an automobile at
night to return to the Blair
House. Fantastic, isn't it?
But necessary, so my guards
thought--and they are, the
bosses on such matters as that,
Now, of course, we're back
in the White House. It is in
very good condition. and Gen.
Eisenhower will be able to take
up his residence in the house
and work right here. That will
be much more convenient for
him, and I'm very glad the
renovation job was all COM
pleted before his term began.
Your new President is taking
Office in quite different cir
cumstances than when 1 be-
came President eight years
ago. On April II. 1945, I had
been presiding over the Senate
in my capacity as Vice Presi-
dent. When the Senate re-
cessed about 5 o'clock in the
afternoon. I walked over to the
Office of the Speaker of the
House. Mr.. Rayburn, to dis
cuss pending legislation. AS
soon as I arrived, I was told
that Mr.. Early, one of Presi-
dent Roosevelt's secretaries.
wanted me to call. I reached
Mr.. Early. and he told me to
come to the White House as
quickly as possible. to enter by
way of the Pennsylvania ave-
nue. entrance, and come to
Mrs. Roosevelt's study.
When / arrived, Mrs. Roose-
welt told me the tragic news.
and I felt the shock that all
of you felt q little later-when
the word came over the radio
and appeared in the newspa-
pers. President Roosevelt had
died. I offered to do anything
I could for Mrs. Roosevelt. and
then I Pked the Secretary Of
Evening star., 1953-01-16
Gas Company Liquidation
Plan Approved by PUC

The Public Utilities Commits
sion has approved the plan Of
the Washington Gas Light Co.
to take over its two Maryland
subsidiaries, the Washington
Gas Light Co. of Maryland and
the Prince Georges Gas Corpo-
ration and liquidate them.
Last November, the gas COM
pany fled an application with
the PUG to be permitted to take
over the Maryland companies,
and agreed to take over all
mortgages on the companies and
liquidate all debts owed by the
Maryland companies.
The plan will not mean that
any employees Of the Maryland
companies will be discharged,
the Washington company said
in a hearing before the PUG last
December.
Evening star., 1953-01-16
President Grateful
For Help of PEOPLE

We have made progress in
spreading the blessings of
American life to all of our
people. There has been a
tremendous awakening of the
American conscience on the
great issues of civil rights
equal economic opportunities.
equal rights of citizenship, and
equal educational opportunities
Tor all our people, whatever
their race or religion or status
of birth.
So, as empty the drawers
of this desk, and as Mrs. Tru-
man and I leave the White
House, we have no regret. We
feel we have done our best in
the public service. I hope and
believe we have contributed to
the welfare of this Nation and
to the peace of the world.
When Franklin Roosevelt
died, I felt there must be a
million men better qualified
than I. to take up the presi-
Dental task. But the work was
mine to do. and I had to do
1t. I have tried to give it
everything that was in me.
Through all of it, through
all the years that I have
worked here in this room, I
have been we'll aware I did not
really work alone-that you
were working with me.
No President could ever hope
to lead our country, or to
sustain the burdens of this
Office, save as the people
helped with their support. /
have had that help-you have
given me that superior all
our great essential under
takings to build the free
worlds strength and keep the
peace.
Those are the big things.
Those are the things we have
done together.
For that I shall be grateful,
always.
And now, the time has come
for me to say good night and
God bless you all.
Evening star., 1953-01-16
Fote of Americans
Tied to President

Regardless of your politics,
whether you are Republican or
Democrat. your fate is tied up
with what is done here in this
room. The President is Presi-
dent of the whole country. We
must all give him our support
as citizens Of the United States.
He will have mine, and I want
you to give him yours.
I suppose that history will
remember my term in Office as
the years when the cold
war" began to overshadow our
lives. I have had hardly a day
in Office that has not been
dominated by this all-embrac-
ing Struggle-this conflict be-
tween those who love freedom
and those who would lead the
world back into slavery and
darkness. And always in the
background there has been
the atomic bomb.
But when history says that
my term of Office saw the be-
ginning of the cold war, it will
also say that in those eight
years we have set the course
that can win it. We have
succeeded in carving out q
new set of policies to attain
peace-positive policies, poll
cies Of world leadership. poll
cies that express faith in other
free people. We have averted
World War III up to now. and
We may already have sue
ceeded in establishing condi-
tions which can keep that war
from happening as far ahead
as man can see.
These are great and historic
Evening star., 1953-01-16
Americans Have Will
To Win the StruquIe

1o l 14dPC C1IOuSIlG dUOuG our
worldwide struggle with the
Communists these past eight
years-day in and day OUT
have never once doubted that
you, the people of our coun-
try, have the will to do what
is necessary to win this ter
rlble fight against commu-
nlsm. Because I have been
sure of that. ! have been able
to make necessary decisions
even though they called for
sacrifices by all of us. And I
have not been wrong in my
Judgment of the American
people.
That same assurance of our
peoples determination will be
Gen. EisenhoWer's greatest
source of strength in carrying
on this struggle.
Now, once in a while, I get
letter from some impatient
person asking, why don't we
get it over with? Why don't
we issue an ultimatum, make
all-out war, drop the atomic
bomb?
For most Americans, the
answer is quite simple: We are
not made that way. We are a
moral people. Peace is our
goal. and justice and freedom.
We cannot. of our own free
will, violate the very principles
that we are striving to defend.
The whole purpose of what
we are doing is to prevent
World War III. Starting a
war is no way to make peace.
But if anyone still thinks
that just this once, bad means
can bring good ends, then let
me remind you of this: We are
living in the eighth year of the
Atomic Age. We are not the
only Nation that is learning
to unleash the power of the
atom. A third world war
might dig the grave not only
of our Communist opponents
but also of our own society,
our world, as well as theirs.
Starting an atomic war
is totally unthinkable for
rational men.
Then, some of you may ask,
when and how will the cold
war ever end? I think I can
answer that simply. The Com
munist world has great re-
sources. and it looks strong.
But there is a fatal flaw in
their society. Theirs is a God
less system. a system Of
slavery; there is no freedom
in it. no consent. The iron
curtain. the secret police. the
constant purges, all these are
OSu1pOOlAS VI q SICdI UdSlC
weakness-the rulers fear Of
their own people.
In the long run, the strength
of our free society. and our
ideals, will prevail over a sys-
tenn that has respect for
neither God nor man.
Last week, in my State of
the Union message to the
CongresS-and I hope you will
all take the time to read it
I explained how I think we
will finally win through.
As the free world grows
stronger. more united, more
attractive to men on both sides
Of the iron curtair-and as
the Soviet hopes for easy ex-
pansion are blocked - then
there will have to come a time
Of change in the Soviet world.
Nobody can say for sure when
thatkts going to b. or exactly
Evening star., 1953-01-16
Trumon Outlined Plan
To Continue Policies

After attending President
RooSevelt'S funeral, I went to
the halls of the House of Rep
resentatives and told a joint
session of the Congress that
I would carry on President
Roosevelt's policies.
On May seventh, Germany
surrendered. The announce
ment was made on May eighth.
my sixty-f1rst birthday.
Mr.. Churchill called me
shortly after that and wanted
a meeting with me and Prime
Minister Stain of Russia.
Later on, a meeting was agreed
upon, and Churchill, Stain,
and met at Potsdam in Ger
many.
Meanwhile, the first atomic
explosion took place out in
the New Mexico desert.
The war against Japan was
still going on. 1 made the de-
cision that the atomic bomb
had to be used to end it. I
made that decision in the con-
viction it would save hundreds
of thousands of lives-Japa-
nese as we'll as American.
Japan surrendered, and we
were faced with the huge
problems of bringing the
troops home and reconverting
the economy from war to
peace.
All these things happened
within just little over four
months-from April to August,
1945. I tell you this tp illus
trate the tremendous scope Of
the work your President has
to do.
All these emergencies and
all the developments to meet
them have required the Presi-
dent to put in long hours
usually II hours a day, with
no payment for overtime. I
sign my name on the aver
age 600 times a day, see and
talk to hundreds of people
every month, shake hands
with thousands every year. and
still carry on the business of
the largest going concern in
the world. There is no job
like it on the face of the earth
in the power which Is con-
centrated here at this desk,
and in the responsibility and
difficulty of the decisions.
I want all of you to realize
how big a job, how hard a
job, it is-not for my sake,
because I am stepping out of
it-but for the sake of my sue
cessor. He needs the under
standing and the help of every
citizen. 1t is not enough for
you to come out once every
four years and vote for a can
didate. and then go back home
and say. well, I've done my
part, now let the new President
do the worrying" he can't do
the job alone.
Evening star., 1953-01-16
No Political Talk,
Just a GOODBYE

In speaking to you tonight,
/ have no new revelations to
make-no political statements
no policy announcements.
There are simply a few things
in my heart I want to say to
you. I want to say goodbye
and thanks for your help And
I want to talk with you a little
about what has happened since
became your President.
I am speaking to you from
the room where ! have worked
since April, 1945. This is the
Presidents office in the west
wing of the White House. And
this is the desk where I have
signed most of the papers that
embodied the decisions 7 have
made as President. It has been
the desk of many Presidents,
and will be the desk of many
more.
Since I became President, I
have been to Europe, Mexico,
Canada. Brazil. Puerto Rico
and the Virgin Islands-Wake
Island and Hawaii. I have Wis
tied almost every State in the
Union. I have travelled $4,000
miles by air. 77,000 by rail, and
1900 by ship. But the mail
always followed me, and wher-
ever I happened to be, that's
where the Office of the Presi-
dent was.
The greatest part of the
Presidents job is to make deci-
sions-big ones and small ones,
dozens of them almost every
day. The papers may circulate
around the Government for a
while but they finally reach
this desk. And then, there's no
place else for them to go. The
President-however he is-has
to decide. He can't pass the
buck to anybody. No one else
can do the deciding for him.
That's his job.
That's what I've been doing
here in this room, for almost
eight years now. And over in
the main part of the White
House. there's a study on the
second f1oor-a room much
like this one-where I have
worked at night and early in
the morning on the papers I
couldn't get to at the Office.
Evening star., 1953-01-16
Change Will Occur
In Communist World

Whether the Communist
rulers shift their policies of
their own free will-or whether
the changes comes about in
some other way-I have not a
doubt in the world that q
change viii occur.
I have a deep and abiding
faith in the destiny of free
men. With patience and cour-
age, we shall some day move
on into a new era-a wonder
full golden age-an age when
we can use the peaceful tools
that science has forged for us
to do away with poverty and
human misery everywhere on
earth.
Think what can be done,
once our capital, our skillS, our
science-most of all atomic
energy-can be released from
the tasks of defense and
turned wholly to peaceful pur-
poses all around the world.
There is no end to what can
be done.
I can't help but dream out
loud a little here.
The Tigris and Euphrates
valley can be made to bloom as
it did in the times of Babylon
and Niweven. Israel can be
made the country of milk and
honey as it was in the time of
Joshua.
There is a plateau in Ethio-
pia some six to eight thousand
feet high. that has $4,000
square miles of land just ex-
actly like the Corn Belt in
Northern Illinois. Enough food
can be raised there to feed
100 million people.
There are places in South
America-places in Colombia
and Venezuela and Brazil
just like that plateau in Ethi-
opia-places where food could
be raised for millions Of
people.
These things can be done,
and they are self lf-liquidating
projects. If we can get peace
and safety in the world under
the United Nations, the devel-
opments will come so fast we
will not recognize the world in
which we now live.
This is our dream of the
future-our picture of the
world we hope to have when
the Communist threat is over
come.
I've talked a lot tonight
about the menace of commu-
nism-and our fight against it
because that is the over
riding issue of our time. But
there are some other things
we've done that history will
record. One of them is that
we in America have learned
how to attain real prosperity
for our people.
We have 62.5 million people
at work. Businessmen, farmers,
laborerS, white collar people.
all have better incomes and
more of the good things of
life than ever before in the
history of the world.
There hasn't been a failure
OF an insured bank in nearly
nine years. No depositor has
lost a cent in that period.
And the income of our
people has been fairly dis
tributed, perhaps more so than
at any time in recent history.
Evening star., 1953-01-16

War. and I know what a SOL
dier goes. through. I know
well the anguish that mothers
and fathers and families go
through. So I knew what was
ahead if we acted in Korea.
But after all this was said.
we realized that the issue was
whether there would be fight
ing in a limited area now or
on a much larger scale later
on-whether there would be
some casualties now or many
more casualties later.
So a decision was reached
the decision I believe was the
most important in my time as
President.
In the days that followed,
the most heartening fact was
that the American people
clearly agreed with the deci-
sion.
And in Korea, our men are
fighting as valiantly as Amer
leans have ever fought-be-
cause they know they are
fighting in the same cause of
freedom in which Americans
have stood ever since the be-
ginning of the Republic.
Where free men had failed
the test before. this time we
met the test.
We met it firmly. We met it
: successfully. The aggression
has been repelled. The Com
munists have seen their hopes
of easy conquest go down the
drain. The determination of
free people to defend them
selves has been made clear to
the Kremlin.
Evening star., 1953-01-16
Free Men Didn't Act
To Deter Aggression

Think back for a moment
to the 193Os and you will see
the difference. The japanese
moved into Ethiopia and we
did not act. The Nazis marched
into the Rhineland. into Aus
tria, into Czechoslovakia and
free men were paralyzed for
lack Of strength and unity and
will.
Think about those years of
weakness and indecision, and
World War II which was their
evil result. Then think about
the speed and courage and de-
cisiveness with which we have
moved against the Communist
threat since World War II.
The first crisis came in 1945
and 1916. when the Soviet
Union refused to honor it's
agreement to remove it's troops
from Iran. Members ..f my
cabinet came to me and asked
II we were ready to take the
risk that firm stand involved.
l replied that we were. So we
took our Stand-we made it
cleal to the Soviet Union that
we expected them to honor
their agreement-and the So
Wet troops were withdrawn.
And then, in early 1947, the
Soviet Union threatened Greece
and Turkey. The British sent
me a message saying they
could no longer keep their
forces in that area. Something
had to be done at once, or the
Eastern Mediterranean would
be taken over by the Commu-
nlsts. On March 18th, I went
before the Congress and stated
our determination to help the
people of Greece and Turkey
maintain their independence.
Today, Greece is still free and
independent; and Turkey is a
bulwark of strength at a stra-
tegic corner of the world.
Then came the Marshall
Plan which saved Europe, the
heroic Berlin airlift, and our
military aid programs.
We inaugurated the North
Atlantic pact, the Rio pact
binding the Western Hemi-
sphere together, and the de-
tense pacts with countries of
the Far Pacific.
Most important of all, we
acted in Korea.
Evening star., 1953-01-16
Decision on Korea
Placed Before u. N.

I was in independence, Mo-,
IN June. 1850, when Secretary
Acheson telephoned me and
gave me the news about the
invasion of Korea. I told the
Secretary to lay the matter at
once before the United Ma
tions. and I came on back
to Washington.
Flying back over the fiat
lands of the Middle West and
over the Appalachians that
summer afternoon, I had a
lot OF time to think. I turned
the problem over in my mind
in many ways, but my
thoughts kept coming back to
the 1930's-to Manchuria-
. Ethiopia - the Rhlneland -
Austria-and finally to Mu-
Mich.
Here was history repeating
itself. Here was another prob
ing action. another testing ac-
ton. If we let the Republic
Of Korea go under, some other
country would be next, and
then another. And all the
time, the courage and conf
dence of the free world would
be ebbing away, just as it did
in the 1930's. And the United
Nations would go the way of
the League of Nations.
When I reached Washing
ton, I met Immediately with
the Secretary of State. the
Secretary Of Defense. and Gen.
Bradley. and the other civilian
and military officials who had
information and advice to help
.me decide what to do. We
talked about the problems long
and hard.
It was not easy to make the
decision that sent American
boys again into battle. Twas
. q q5disr in the First World