davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-11-25
Arms Aid 10 Europe
Can Be Cut Next Year,
Stdssen Declares
BY the Associated Press

Foreign Aid Director Harold
Stassen has informed Congress
it will be possible to make "a
considerable reduction" in Amer
ican military aid to Western
Europe next year. He said that
economic aid, with few excep-
tionS, can be ended.
Mr.. StaSSen set out these con-
clusions in a special report he
sent to four congressional COM
mitteeS on November 16. A
summary of his letter was made
public today by the Foreign
Operations Administration.
BY next year." Mr.. StaSsen
had reference to the next Gov
ernment fiscal year-the IL
months beginning next July l..
His report to Congress
summed up his views after at
tending a meeting Of the IT.
nation Organization for Euro
pean Economic Cooperation.
No Estimate on Cuts.
Mr.. Stassen gave no estimates
as to the size of reductions
he believed might be possible
Western Europe was allotted
$2.250, 100000 of the $4,531, $780,
900 in new funds which Congress
appropriated for military and
economic help during the pres
ent fiscal year.
He expressed belief American
aid of some kind will have to
continue to Spain, Greece and
Turkey, and to France for the
Indo-China war during the year
beginning next July l.
He said all four countries
either do not have adequate re-
sources to maintain their de-
fenSe efforts or would be hurt
by imitation if they received no
outside aid.
Looking at Western Europe as
4 whole. Mr. StaSsen said re-
covery reports are uniformly
favorable-more so in some cases
than in others"
Il also have the definite sense"
he said, that there was an up
turn in friendliness and warmth
toward the United States this
past month in Europe.
Sees Confidence Growing.
There seems to be a growing
understanding of our United
States policies, and increasing
confidence in their own economic
future, and a broadening relax
alton of dollar restrictions.
Granted continued high eco
nomic activity within the United
States, these conditions should
lead to a gradual step-up of a
sound trade with Europe at the
same time that our economic
aid declines"
Evening star., 1953-11-25
Rezoning Pleas Granted
BYMontgomerY Council

The Montgomery County
Council yesterday rezoned from
residential to commercial a A.
acre tract on Rockville pike at
Wall lane.
The council also granted a
request for a change from single
family to apartment house use
of an 18,850-square- foot lot on
Colesville road just south of the
Ashton intersection.
The lot is occupied by two
story frame house which will be
converted into apartments. The
council said in its opinion that
there was a need for apartments
in the Ashton area. The Mary
land-National Capital Park and
Planning Commission opposed
the reZoning.
Evening star., 1953-11-25

enough to take care of the
nuisance" Mr.. Nesbitt said.
In other legislative actions
yesterday the Council:
/. Tabled an ordinance that
would have barred the parking
of trucks and buses on resi-
Dental streets.
2. Ordered a new draft of an
Evening star., 1953-11-25
Berqson
Continued From First Page.)

could merge without violating
the antitrust laws.
The conflict of interest" laws
say that q lawyer within two
years after he quits the Gov
ernment may not represent pri-
vate interests in prosecuting a
claim" against the Government
involving the same matter that
he handled on behalf of the
Government.
Mr.. BergSon contends that
asking a letter of clearance from
the Justice Department was not
a claim" in the legal sense; At
torney General Brownell con-
tends that it is.
Mr.. Wilson also said it was
astonishing" that the Govern
ment should oppose Mr.. Berg
sons waiver of a jury trial in
favor of a trial before a judge
Mr.. Wilson still is seeking q
non-jury trial. This motion will
be argued later. Judge Laws set
December 9 as the deadline for
filing motions.
Evening star., 1953-11-25
Palsy Drive Leaders
Named in Fairfax

United Cerebral Palsy of Fair
fax County and Falls Church to-
day announced the appointment
of the following committee
chairmen for the current year:
Robert McCandlish, legiSlati
Ruth Proctor, nominating; j. j.
Mathy, qualifications and ad-
missions; Mrs. M. D. Smith, pub
lie relations. Also L. M. Proctor,
finance; Mrs. Lambert Miller,
information; Col. r. F. Richard,
campaign; Clarence Collins, pro-
gram planning, and Mrs. G.. D.
SuSSkind, operations.
Evening star., 1953-11-25
Coil Russell Arrested

SANTA MONICA, Calf, Nov.
25 (P).-Police report that they
booked Actress Gail Russell last
night on suspicion of drunk
driving. Officers Ed Sweeney
and Bert Dillinger arrested her,
they said, after she repeatedly
honked her horn at their police
car, which was stopped at red
Evening star., 1953-11-25

ordinance to guarantee con-
struction of streets before build.
ing permits are issued. )
3. Ordered a new draft of an
amendment to the building code
to require a survey of a buildI
ing's location before construc-
ton proceeds beyond the flrst-
floor joistS.
Evening star., 1953-11-25

THE EVENING STAR, Washington D. c. 50 A-3
Evening star., 1953-11-25
FOUND.

CAT AND KITTENi blk. female. white
patch on chest; handsome male; blk,
white feet, Vie. Lincolnis rd:. Alex.
Owner or good home XII. 9-3a59.
EYEGLASSES. tortoise shell frames. Call
EN-. S-9292.
Evening star., 1953-11-25
u. S. Chief Justice in Germany
Defies Dismissal Orders

vices in Commissioner Conant's
Office was raised by the Amer
ican Association of Lawyers in
Germany November IA. At that
time, Attorney Earl Carroll of
San Bruno. Calf, said, I'VE
know the telephones are equipped
with recording devices" The
United States High Commission
declined comment on the law
yers' charges, and Justice Clark
was named to head the three
man group sent to Bonn to
investigate.
Evening star., 1953-11-25
British COLLEGE Count

Students from British colonies,
including Nigeria, the Gold
Coast, Hong Kong, Malaga, Cyp-
rus and East African countries.
in English or Northern Ireland
colleges now total 1869, London
reports.
Evening star., 1953-11-25
Anderson in PeurI Hurhor

PEARL HARBOR, Nov. 25. lP).
Navy Secretary Anderson ar
rived by plane yesterday for a
three-day stay before continuing
on a tour of Navy installations
in the Pacific.
Evening star., 1953-11-25
HopeweII Votes Curfew

HOPEWELL. Va, Nov. 25 (P).
-Hopewell City Council last
night voted to impose a curfew
at 10 pm. on all children IA
years old and under.
Evening star., 1953-01-01
30 Orig. 1895 to 1895
HOSTESS GOWNS
1870 to 30

Org. NOW
to.58 w. -'--~-~-'-~-~-- - 7.95 s.ss
- no~y; rT,y" 7e to- to 81 s woist ~ ~-~ 795 sss
4 NyIon Trcot Petticoots with embroid-
cred ruffle; white in sno and me-
dunn 8.9o 9S3
7 TERED Ruffed Petticoots with
broidered Insertions; small size;
white 6.9o 4.S5
White NyIon Tricot Slips with pIeoted
ruffes; sizes SO and AZ ----- 1926 7S5
Lansburghs-KNIT LINGERIE-Third Floor
Evening star., 1953-01-01

IS Orig. $25 to 1875
MISSES, WOMEN'S
DRESSES
14ss

Wool jerseys Royon crepes! Royon nensweor!
|, z and o few Ape. ensembles! Mony styles and
colors: misses sizes 10 to s, wonnens sizes l4h
to 24Gz in the group.
Lnnsburgh's-MISSES AND WOMEN'S
DRESSES-Second Floor
Evening star., 1953-01-01
GLOVES

so Pr. Fomous Moke Double Woven
Royon Gloves in broken sizes and
coIors. Wool gloves soiled from han
ding. Mostly white and postels with
fancy trims ------
so Pr. Anooro Gloves in pink only y---
so Pr. Famous Make Double Woven
Cotton Cloves. Many hand sewn.
Soiled from handling
Is Pr. Copeskin, Pieskin, Kidskin Cloves
All excellent volues. Broken sizes
and cosors ---------------
h,s--5LOVES- Street
Evening star., 1953-01-01
JUNIOR DRESSES

Is Junior Dresses in dressy and cosu-
al styles including some suit dresses.
Royon foille, royon flonneI ond
royon crepe dresses. Broken sizes
9 to 5
4 Junior Stropless Royon Toffeto For
mols with jockets or stoIes. Broken
sizes 9 TO IS
h's-JUNIOR DRESSES
Evening star., 1953-01-01

20 Gtdles; boned and boneIess styles in
,nyIon. royon and cotton; Upper or
side hooks - ------
IS Famous Make GrdIes and Panty
GirdIes in nyIon and royon with side
ripper, firm front and stretch back
20 Fomous Make Foundations; royon
satin, boned front or nylon and satin
lostex; some boneless in group; pull
on and side Tolon styles -
so Brossieres in black sotin and white
cotton; sizes 30 IA to 81 B; strop-
less style in white cotton only
s Pink Sotin Brossieres; size BIC only
Lansburgh'S-CORSETS-Third
Evening star., 1953-01-01
coTToNs! NYLoN!
Freezers, Refrigerators
WooLENS!

Orig. NOW
Amono Freezer, II Gu. #. upright. s
storage compartments, direct cold to
floor; floor somple e-------5l4.o5 399.9S
G.E. Gu #. two-door Refrigerator
and Freezer; floor somple 467 90 3so.s5
Kevinotor Refrigerator. Gu #. two
door combination freezer and refrioer.
otor; no defrostino needed in refrioer-
otor section; erispers, odjustobe
Or indirect current t----~--."---~l29ss - s7.so
tulI width freezer; floor sompe- IS 1885
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-06

the highlights and deposits adj
ditional ink in the deeper
areas, increasing the contrast
on the final print.
If the print dries out dur
ing the pigmenting it is re-
turned to the water bath and
after removing all the water
from the surface the linking is
continued to completion.
At this point the process al
lows major corrections to be
made involving removal of
the pigment. Clouds can be
worked in by pressing a finger
or thumb on the wet bro
moil," and thereby removing
parts of the ink. Fortunately,
the pictorialiSt can choose
any shape or size cloud that
fits in we'll with the picture,
and at the same time avoid
distracting cloud mergers.
The final retouching of the
clouds can be completed after
the Debating operation later
described.
Electric wires and poles, fire
plugs, commercial signs. which
have always been the bane of
pictorialists, aren't any prob
- lens at all for the bromoil
worker. The ink is simply
lifted while wet with the end
of a "kneaded" eraser. These
erasers are used by artists and
can be readily shaped to a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-06
Bridge Players
Nationals at End, Fans Await D. c. Events

seconds to D. ]. Harris-J. T.
McDermott, Victor Ottenstein-
SchwartZbach.
Section B winners were Mrs.
Florence Millspaugh-MrS. Her.
man Moe, Robert Custard-
Leonard Plotkin; Mrs. Freda
Bentley Lew Levenson. Mr..
and Mrs. Andy Gabrilovitch
placing. Leaders in Section c
were Arthur Fribourg-J. B.
Rintels, DR.. E. H. Bakersfield
G. F. Linkens. Thomas Smith
Robert Sucker, Mrs. 0. c.
Robins-O. T. Forman were
runnerSup.
Washington Bridge Leag-
uers will help to make a glad
der Christmas for the boys and
girls at the Industrial Home
School, 2453 Wisconsin avenue
NV. Members of WBL's Wom-
ems Auxiliary will collect toys,
clothing and money during the
December 16 game sponsored
by the league. Clothing for
boys and girls aged 10 to 18
and athletic equipment for
outdoor use are especially de-
sired.
Plans for the annual Christ
mas benefit were completed
at a recent meeting of the
auxiliary. Mrs. Robert Du
Bots and Mrs. Herman Moe
are in charge of arrange
ments. assisted by Mrs. Leo
Crane, Mrs. Jack Bennett.
Mrs. William PoiSsant and
Mrs. Dora Schwartz.
Mrs. j. r. McGhee-Mrs. M.
L. Fisher, Mrs. Fulton Bylaw
ski-Mrs. Agnes Fischer rated
master point awards in the
duplicate contest which fol-
lowed the auxiliary meeting.
Runnersup were Mrs. Leo
Crane-MrS. E. At. st. John,
Mrs. John G. Fletcher-Kath-
leen McNutt.
The Playfair Club held its
first master point game on
Thanksgiving Day. Winners
in the Mitchell contest were
Rita Levi-Thomas Snyder,
John and Joseph Savage.
Mrs. Dixie T. Wright-M Sergt.
E. L. Esh, David Anderson
c. w. Walker were runnersup.
Two sections were required
November % to accommodate
competitors when the Walsh
Club divided its November
master point awards. Section
A winners were Mr.. and Mrs.
Andy Gabrilovitch, DR.. Ralph
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-06

-
fishing boat with sails APP
preaching the dock, but the
dock is now decorated with a
bright-colored gasoline pump,
complete with large advertis-
ing sign spelling the quaint
ness of the scene.
I know I have passed up
such picture opportunities be-
cause it was not practical to
make the necessary correc-
tions with the usual bromide
print. However, through the
use of the "bromoil'' process,
negatives of this type can be
printed and the Objectionable
elements modified or substan-
TALLY subdued.
Soft Tone Grodotions
Bromoils are just as far from
a glossy print as day is from
night. They depend, for their
effectiveness, on the soft gra-
dalton of tone and texture de-
tails so as to simulate three
dimension effect. To one who
has not examined them before,
they appear as fine etchings
or charcoal drawings. How
ever, they are actually pro-
duced from a negative in the
same manner as the usual
bromide print, but are then
subjected to additional proc
essing to make a bromoil.
Some people have heard
that bromoils represent an old
fashioned process. but it is
really one of the newest of the
Photographic techniques. Or
binary black-and-White prints
and engagements were per-
fected before 1890. whereas.
bromoils were not known until
1907. The latter process was
not emphasized until the work
of DR.. Emil Mayer came to the
attention of the world in 1924.
Europeans took an early in
terest in bromoils but in Amer
lea the process has received
little attention.
Details on Process
Now to explain the process:
Briefly, the technique begins
by making a bromide print on
a non-hardened Photographic
paper, such as Eastman por-
trait-proof. The print should
have a full range of tones, but
not too contrasty. Prints are
usually developed in amidol,
although other paper develop
ers at half strength can be
used.
Any standard amidol de-
veloper can be used. One rec
commended by Kodak, Ltd, is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-06
Duplicate Bridge
Calendar

TONIGHT: Dixie Wright Players. 6317
Blair road; pair game, 100 Regency
Club, 1888 Connecticut; pair game,
T:3Q (call Decatur 2-9S97 for res
erations).
TOMORROW. Congressional Secretaries
Bridge League, Sheraton Park Hotel;
team-of-lour and pair game (openD
T:45. Dixie Wright Players. master
point pair game, = (call Tuckerman
2-0729 for reservationS).
TUESDAY: Agriculture Club, 1855 Eu-
cid; pair game (open) 7:45 Andrews
Air Force Base Oficers' Bridge Club.
pair game, 7:45. Arlington Bridge
Club. 923 S; Wakefield; pair game
G SSpsno' $; state Department Bridge
tee, willard Hotel; meeting, 7:45.
WEDNESDAY: Stephan Studio, 1858
Euclid; pair game (openl, 1870.
Commissioned Oficers' Mess Bridge
Club. Waller Hall Quantico; pair
League. willard Hotel; pair game G
7:45.
THURSDAY; Chess Club. Gordon Hotel;
pair same; 7:45, Kenwood Golf and
o oIiveT Glqs pair game 40 ScsIl
Playfair Club: I43l Harvard; pair
for reservations).
FRIDAY: Alexandria Bridge Club, 1900
stee6an pair sipdio game oDen,i -
s sfHn" 1ope s'uoi 945 master point pair
SATURDAY: Stephan Studio. pair game
topenl, /. Chess Club, master point
pair game, 7;45; Goren. school 8
Club. l!a2 Massachusetts,; pair
game. 7:45.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-06

Cohen-Joseph Savage, section
B top scorers being D. r. An
derson-C. M. Walker, Lynn
D. Carrier-David Freedman.
Runnerup scorers in the two
contests were Mrs. Clara
Geier-Harve Mobley, Edythe
Decker-Laura Friedman, Mrs.
Lucy McConchie-Paris Keener,
and George Porter-Steven l..
Jennings, Ted Leahy-Louise
Payne.
Next night at the Stephan
Studio. Mrs. Elizabeth Ede-
lin-Stuart Dunlop, Lewis G.
Tubbs-John j. Connors won
master points in another
Mitchell contest. Seconds went
to Mrs. Alma Byrne-Miles
Magargel, Miner Ellis-Ralph
Taylor.
In still another MASTER
point contest, held Monday
under Federal Bridge Leagues
sanction, Mr.. and Mrs. R. E.
Chambers, John Lang-Lloyd
Schermerhorn were the win,
nerS. DR.. and Mrs. Gilbert
Rude, Mrs. M. L. Fishery Will
son Satterfield placing.
Winners and runnersup in
other local duplicate matches
last week included:
AGRICULTURE CLUB, Dec. 1: i
Mrs Eva Barsis-Lloyd Lambert, ,
Mrs: Alma Byrnes-Mrs. D. z. Stephan.
ALEXANDRIA BRIDGE CLUB. Nov.
Molony. 2-Mr. and Mrs. +. Z.
ANpREws AIR FORCE BASE OF
cEMEs BRIDGE e ps GLgB; SGv' A 70;
sIsdge: 2-charles RichteT-J. Free
y. c 9I IS :, CLUB q NOV! Nov. 20; I'D. J;
Mrs. ). p. Boyd tied with Mr.. Mr. and and
j.; D. Boyd-M/s ergt. z. L. Esh, j. @
s goydbr IsFf NJ 6 sbo wNOl Mrs aT5n
Moe-Mrs. June Hodgkins. Dec. /:
DIR. Charles Greenhow-Dr. c. c.
Mcdonnell "A. c. Raynor-Dr.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS MESS
BRIDGE CLUB. Quantico. Nov. %:
Lit. Col. and Mrs. A. L. Hicks. .
Mrs. x Boles-Mat. James i. Glen
coNGREssIoNAL SECRETARIES
BRIDGE CLUB. Nov 30: Mrs.
Fred Chace-Harve Mobley. Mr. and
Mrs. Charles Gardner. Eleanor
Goodwin George c. Baker Opal Van
Horn-Mrs. Elliott Window.
GAO BRIDGE CLUB Nov 30: l.
Herman Fink-Fenton Wilbourne. Nuel
Belnap Dave jenkins. . Il rma
Abrams-Ellen Miller, Freeman Morgan
GoREN SCHOOL OF BRIDGE. Nov.
IS: Opal Van Horn-George c.
Baker. Mrs. Gertrude Jennings-Mr.
Lewis. Mrs. Mae z. Butscher-
Elvin Thrower. Michael Labbate-
REGENCY CLUB. Nov. 90: Mrs.
Freda Bentley-Lew Levenson. -
Mrs. Jean Ellis-Mrs. Agnes Fischer.
STEPHAN STUDIO, Nov. %: l.
Mrs. j. G. Seabourne-M Jack Ben
nett: Mrs. Lester Gibson-MrS.
n, w 4 hi4nf Players. NOV. 20: l.
2ELsnn D. carrieT-comdr. ). B.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-06
Ickes' Diory Proves Stamp Interests

Oumansky's right was (Secre-
.tary of the Treasury Henry
Morgenthau, jr., who remarked
to Mr.. OumanSky that I was a
stamp collector, too, where
upon he Uitvinov) also drew
out several booklets of Russian
stamps which he handed to
me for my inspection, later
making me a gift of three of
the booklets. They were all
new issue stamps, some of
which have not yet reached
this country. Mr.. Litvinov gave
the President the stamps he
had been showing him and Mr..
OumanSky also gave some to
Mr.. Morgenthau, whose son is
a collector. Mr.. Oumansky told
me that he collected stamps
and he also confided to me
that Mr.. Litvinov was a secret
but passionate collector. Ac-
cording to his story, Mr.. Lit
vinov does not advertise this
hobby. On one occasion Mr..
OumanSky called at his home
and found him behind a closed
door. He kept him waiting
until he could put all of his
stamps away, so that he
wouldn't be caught at it,"
Philately, of course, is for
hidden in the Soviet empire.
If Stain had known that Lit
vinov was interested in stamps
in defiance of the Red dogma
against such recreation, the
Foreign Affairs commiSsar
would have been in serious
trouble.
Mr.. Ickes naturally appre-
ciated the commissar'S predic-
ament. The advantages of
freedom indirectly were en-
phasized in his diary on Feb
ruary %, 1885, when he chron-
icled a pleasant social evening
as follows: "Wednesday night
Anna CMrs. IckeS) and I went
to the Swiss Legation for din
ner. Nine. (Marc) Peter,
the wife of the Minister from
Switzerland. is one of the most
charming women in Washing
ton. I have met her on sew
eral occasions and like her very
much indeed. The Minister
himself is a very nice man.
Nine. Peter told me last
night at dinner that the Min
lister is a stamp collector and
that he also collects books and
paintings"
How the Secretary of the
Interior personally INDUCED
his philatelic instinct was il
Illustrated again in the diary
when he reported: IT spent
practically all day Sunday at
home. -. And I thoroughly
enjoyed my separation from
the Office. I dictated for
while in the morning, getting
onto paper another section OF
the running political biogra-
ply that I have been trying
to write at odd intervals.
Then before dinner and just
after, I finished hanging a lot
of framed stamps. 1t was tir-
ing work climbing a STEP
ladder and adjusting and re-
adjusting these stamps to
make them form some sort of
harmonious alignment. Then
I gave up a couple of hours
to working on my stamps, fol-
lowing which I went in the
late afternoon to the Ropers'
for a watermelon party.
The house to which Mr..
Ickes had reference was his
residence, Hayes Manor, in
Chevy Chase. Md. and the
stamps he had had framed
and was arranging were i'm
perforate sheets of new COM
memoratives which he had
bought from the Post Office
Department as "varities." No
mention of the excitement
created by these and similar
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-06

irregular MISUNDERSTANDING
those acquired by President
Roosevelt. Postmaster General
James A. Farley and other
officials-appears in the pub
lished first volume of the
diary, covering "the first 1000
days." Neither is there any
thing about the Farley Follies,
produced in a vain attempt to
quiet criticism. Mr.. Ickes,
however, played a large and
important part in these de-
velopments. To bring matters
into focus, he volunteered to
return his imperforates to the
Post Office Department. if Mr..
Roosevelt, Mr.. Farley, etc.,
did the same.
On October 9. 1896, the Sec
rotary again wrote about
Oumansky, confiding to his
diary: when the Russian
delegation, headed by Litvi-
nov, came to Washington a
couple of years ago at the time
that we recognized Russia,
there was in the delegation a
man by the name of ConStan-
tin Oumansky, who at that
time was in charge of press
relations for the Russian For
eign Office. I met him at a
luncheon at the White House
and it developed that he was
stamp collector. He gave
me some Russian stamps and
gave him quite a lot of new
American issues. I sent him
some after his return to Rus
STA but never had any &C
acknowledgement from him. He
is back in Washington now as
chancellor of the Russian EN-
baSsy and he called on me on
Monday. He brought me some
nice blocks of Cancelled Rus
sian stamps mounted in a
book"
But philatelic readers will
search in vain for the story of
how the national parks stamps
were brought into being with
Mr. Ickes as their principal
sponsor. His diary as pub
lished also is silent on the
Hoover Dam commemorative,
with which he was identified.
1t does not quote his praise Of
the Connecticut Tercentenary
(Charter Oak) issue. Neither
does it refer to his desire for a
series of American Indian
stamps. 1t is mute, too, on his
speech before the American
Philatelic Society convention,
held in Washington, in 1885.
Possibly the suppressed or
withheld pages of the Secre-
tary's journal eventually will
be released. If so, the phila-
telic aspect of his life will be
even more adequately repre-
Sented than it is in the first
volume as it stands. But with
out regard to the ultimate de-
ciSion of his widow on further
disclosures, it already is estab-
iShed beyond any reasonable
doubt that Harold L. Ickes
was an ardent stamp collector
and student.
Oumansky and his wife were
killed in an airplane crash jan
uary rs, 1945. He had been
named Ambassador to the
United States in 1889 and AM
baSsador to Mexico in 1943.