davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-31
Young Wonen's
Circle Will
Attend Service

The members If the Young Wo-
mems Circle, husbands and friends,
win attend the morning church ser
vice Of the First Congregational
Church Sunday At 11:0o. Mrs.
James Marshall q member Of the
Organization win sing q solo,
Cleanse Ne" BY Mcneil. Mrs.
W. r. Dean win be at the organ.
In keeping with Reformation sun
day the Rev. Chas n. Meeker has
chosen for his sermond subject,
1.-THE Heritage and Principles Of
Professionalism. " The Sunday School
win begin at s:4s with classes
meeting for worship and study In
their respective departments.
Joseph Bona win be In charge.
The regular monthly Communion
viii feature the evening service at
1850. The choir under the direction
Of Gerald Saunders win sing the
anthem. "Bless His Holy Name
BY Van Woert. Mrs. Paul Archer
win be ct the organ. ''When We
are Wronged" is the subjectof the
Communion meditation.
The Women's Auxiliary viii meet
ut the Center on Monday afternoon
at $3.50 with Mrs. Oscar Ramirez
presiding and Mrs. Joseph Boza as
hostess. The Adult Bible Class viii
meet for business and q social eve.
ming ct the Center on Tuesday
night at 7:45. The Missionary Soc.
Iiety win have charge Of the mid
week meeting on Wednesday night
at 1880 with Mrs. Berthe Riggs pre-.
siding.
The Rev. and Mrs. Chas Meek
er viii spend most Of next week
ct Lake Byrd Lodge, Avon Park.
Mrs. Meeker viii be attending the
annual meeting Of the Florida Fed.
Grafton Of Congregational Christian
Women, Nov. 20. Mr.. Meeker win
attend the annual meeting Of State
Conference Committees. Nov. Is.
He is member Of the Committee
On the Ministry.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-31

wenevolence is mans mind, and
righteousness Is mans path.
--MenicuS.
Evening star., 1953-07-01
u. S. Would Go 1t Alone in Korea
Language Of Military Treaty With Rhee Makes 1t Clear
That Any Action Will Be Taken Irrespective of u. N.
Dovid Lowrence:

1t is doubtful whether the
American people have any idea
of just what commitments are
being made to involve the
United States in military ac-
ton in different parts of the
world. A case in point is the
negotiation going on between
resident Eisenhower and
President Syngman Rhee Of
the Republic of Korea.
For, in effect, the United
States has agreed to "go it
alone" in Korea, irrespective
of the United Nations. in the
event of future aggression
which the U. N. does not re-
solve to resist.
The language of the pro-
posed mutual defense pact"
with Korea is supposed to be
identical with the text Of the
treaties of mutual defense, al
ready ratified by the Senate,
with the Philippines and with
Australia and New Zealand.
The pertinent articles read:
Article ": Each party rec
ognizes that an armed attack
in the Pacific area on either
of the parties would be dan
gerouS to its own peace and
safety and declares that it
would act to meet the common
danger in accordance with it's
constitutional processes.
ANY such armed attack and
all measures taken as a re-
suit thereof shall be immedi-
ately reported to the Security
Council of the United Nations.
Such measures shall be ter
minated when the Security
Council has taken the meas
ures necessary to restore and
maintain international peace
and security.
Article V: For the purpose
of Article w. an armed attack
on any of the parties Is DEEM
ed to include an armed at
tack on the metropolitan ter
ritory of any of the parties.
or on the island territories
under it's jurisdiction in the
Pacific or on it's armed forces,
public vessels or aircraft in
the Pacific"
Evening star., 1953-07-01

tleman himself. he told the
President very bluntly that
unless the Federal Gov
ernment acted, and acted
promptly, to help the cattle
men and farmers who are in
distress. the party would be
in danger in Texas. The State
Just must have Federal aid.
You may recall the first
time that Jack Porter got into
the national news in a big
way-and what a State-righter
he was then! That was when
correspondence was made pub
lie between him and Gen. Ell
senhower about the so-called
tidelands oil bill. The Texas
oil man had urged the gen.
eral, in a letter some time be-
fore the Chicago Republican
convention. to indorse State
ownership Of offshore oil lands.
Gen. Eisenhower had replied
favorably. although it de-
veloped that, at the time, he
did not know that the Su-
preme Court had ruled that
the Federal Government had
paramount rights in those
lands.
Jack Porter was a loud,
states rights man-about oil.
He got his wish when the
President signed the State
control bill recently. Now he
Is q Federal" man so far as
the farmers and cattlemen Of
Texas are concerned, and
Evening star., 1953-07-01

accusers promised to produce or
admit error.
Watson Miller AsSailed.
Mr.. Forer also charged Mr..
Cain was an apologist for Franco
and said the Joint Anti-Fascist
Committee aided refugees from
that Spanish regime. Mr.. Cain
observed he also urged inclusion
Of Greece and Turkey as well as
Spain in the North Atlantic pact.
Mr. Forer also charged that Mr..
Cain, when he has a violent
political disagreement, accuses
the other party of being identified
with the Communist Party.
Another board member, Wat
son B. Miller, former Commission
of immigration and Naturaliza- -
tion, was also attacked as not
impartial, due to his official acts.
But the Governments lawyers,
Clifford j. Nelson and John j.
Wachter. argued IL, the organi-
cations succeed in having Mr..
Cain and Mr.. Miller disqualified,
they will attack all board
members.
Evening star., 1953-07-01

ington has not been quick to
take advantage Of the situation
and exploit it for all tits worth.
The rebellions in Czecho-
slovakia and especially in
Eastern Germany have not
brought forth any strong
protests against the Red op-
pressors of those countries
from our Government. We
quietly applauded the efforts
of the German and Czech
workers. the administration
wrote a sympathetic letter to
Chancellor Konrad Adenauer,
and that ended our official
demonstration in favor of those
unfortunate slaves Of the Reds.
Yet our present administra-
ton has been officially on
record since last year as saying
that if elected by the American
voters 1t would do its utmost
to liberate the satellite coun-
tries which were taken over by
Muscovite trickery. The reason
we have adopted the present
extremely moderate attitude is
said to be that we could not
gain the support Of our West
ern allies for a common front
to take full advantage of these
national uprisings.
And this brings us to the
even more difficult situation in
which our Government finds
itself now.>
The allied governments have
become so weak that they can
not be expected to join us in
any strong positive action. In
Britain, the government in Of
flee has become more Of a
care-taking government and
cannot display its usual past
virility.
The serious illness of Foreign
Secretary Anthony Eden de-
prived Prime Minister Winston
Churchill of his main lieu
tenant on whom he relied for
handling Of foreign affairs. Mr..
Churchill, whose strength has
been overtaxed for nearly a
year. insisted on handling Mr..
Eden's business himself, with
the result that he became so
exhausted nervously that he
had to give up the helm
temporarily, according to some,
and permanently according to
others.
The two men who are pinch
hitting for Mr.. Churchill and
Mr.. Eden, Chancellor of the
Exchequer Butler and Lord
President of the Council Sails
Evening star., 1953-07-01
Constantine Brown:

At no time throughout the
history of this republic have
the skill and competence of
those in charge of our interna-
tional relations been put to a
greater test than today. And
it is fervently hoped that they
will live up to the task en-
trusted to them by the Ameri-
can people.
The international crisis is
even more severe than in war
time. In Korea we are faced
with a hopeless situation. even
If the So-called armistice
which has been in process Of
negotiation for "a months
were to be signed.
The Peiping Communist
leaders are truculent and offer
us little hope that they would
use a truce for any other pur-
pose than to further their am
bition to dominate the whole
of the Far East.
In Indo-C China, although we
have assumed 40 per cent Of
the French war expenditure,
the position Of our ally has be-
come desperate from the polit-
ical as we'll as the military
point Of view. The recent de-
fection Of the King of Cam
bodia, who has openly chal-
lenged the French rule and
the inability of the French
Wet Nam forces to stand UP to
the Communists, may compel
the Paris government to evacu-
ate that area, leaving the
.VietnameSe to the tender mer-
cies of the Communist leader
Ho Chi-minh.
In Europe the situation has
become very. fluid. There Is
more trouble in stock for the
= men in the Kremlin concern
ing the satellite countries
which are now asserting their
will to be free. Reports that
similar trouble may be devel-
oping in the Ukraine and Bye
lo-Russia are still in the ru-
NOR stage.
These chain reactions of
oppressed peoples should be the
chance we have been hanker-
ing for ever since the end of
the last war when the Musco-
vites began to establish their
empire to the borders of the
West and aimed at taking over
the remaining free countries
on the European continent.
But, unfortunately. Wash
Evening star., 1953-07-01

time I saw some of you was
during the campaign when you
said the one thing you wanted
was for the Federal Govern
ment to leave you alone"
He was, Of course, just
kidding, for he gave instruc-
tions for Federal help after
he heard the story.
Cattlemen not only besought
Gen. Eisenhower for a hands
off policy by the Government
back during the campaign but,
before that, they descended
upon Congress and demanded
an end of Federal, controls on
their industry. Those con-
trolls were safeguards to pro-
tect the rest of us-the con-
sumers. But the cattlemen
then wanted no Federal Gin
reference" Of any kind. They
got their way.
The first Texas enissary on
the present drought disaster
was Jack Porter, Houston oil
man, former Democrat who
rose to command of the Texas
Republican organization, after
two previous futile efforts in
1948 and 1850, by attaching
himself to the Eisenhower five
stars in 1852. He is Republi-
can national committeeman
from Texas now.
Mr.. Porter arrived in .
somewhat anxious frame Of
mind. for he came In his polit-
ical capacity. Though no cat
Evening star., 1953-07-01
Dorothy Thompson:
1010thY Ihonpson:
Some Libraries Can't Be Neutral
Should Ant-Arob Volumes Be Placed on USIS Shelves
In Damascus? Or Anti-Germun Books in Germany

The manifesto of the Amer
tcan Library Association. en-
titled Freedom to Read" is
a fine document. We are glad
President Eisenhower backed
1t up.
1t is needed. Citizens COM
mittees" are invading public
libraries and demanding the
removal of books and publica-
tions from the shelves.
Yet the American Informa-
tion Libraries abroad do repre-
sent a special problem. which
involves the purpose of these
libraries and the standards of
professional Judgment that
govern the selection of their
contents and determine what
books express the finest ideals
Of responsible freedom.
These libraries have been,
say the librarians, operated
with a single-minded devotion
to the interests of the United
States"
This, it seems to me, begs
the question. Is it the function
of a free library. as the librar-
ians conceive it, to promote
any political or national in
terests?
The United States Informa-
ton Services are an adjunct
of American foreign policy.
That policy is to fight world
wide theological war against
communism, to intervene with
military force wherever Com
muniSt governments use force
to expand; to check and con-
tain Communist power that ex-
lists, and if possible cause it to
retreat.
But libraries as such are
ideologically neutral. Their
function is not to screen the
private lives or public opinions
of authors but to make avail
able every sort of opinion.
Censorship of any kind i'm
pedes that function.
Such neutrality is incom-
patible, however, with an in
Evening star., 1953-07-01

sides. Then it took the cases
under advisement, without in
dicating when it will hand down
a decision. Lawyers for the three
groups have asked the cases be
thrown out or that they be de-
layed until a final determination
by the courts on the Communist
Party case; that they be fur
nished with certain documents
and a list of the Governments
witnesses. Government counsel
argued they were entitled to none
of these things.
Abner Green, executive sec
retary of the Foreign Born
group, filed an affidavit against
Mr.. Gains impartiality in the
case. He charged Mr.. Cain had
voted against admission Of jew
ish displaced persons to this
country.
Cain Demands Facts.
Mr.. Cain Immediately asked
Attorney Joseph Forer for the
specific legislation he had in
mind. Mr.. Forer was unable to
produce this Immediately. MIR.
Cain observed he assumed the
lawyer would have come pre-
pared with facts when accusa-
tions were made against a board
member.
Mr.. Green was also asked to
produce this evidence, and prom
ised to search his files when he
returned to New York. Mr.. Cain
said he wants the supporting
data that he voted to keep
Jewish displaced persons out of
the United States.
The former Senator said he
did vote, with others, to recon-
NIT displaced persons legislation
to the Senate Judiciary Com
mittee to perfect it, but this
neither delayed it unduly nor
showed any anti-Jewish bias. He
said on June %, 1948, displaced
legislation for which he voted
passed the Senate and this en-
abled more than 100000 dis
placed persons to enter the
United States. OF these, 26 per
cent were Jewish, he said.
He asked clarif1cation for
what he called a thoroughly
erroneous statement" and his
Evening star., 1953-07-01

would act to meet the common
danger in accordance with its
constitutional processes"
Does this mean that the
President would ask Congress
for authority to use our armed
forces instantly, or that he
would act and then ask for
ratification of the steps he
will have taken? Or does it
mean that the Truman-Ache-
son Interpretation Of the Con-
stitution-presumably ignoring
the war-making power of Con-
gress whenever the Executive
chooses to disregard its to
be the pledge implied in the
forthcoming Korean-Amerl-
can defense pact?
Maybe Syngman Rhee isn't
getting an assurance Of an
ironclad nature at all through
the type of treaty at present
being offered him by Wash
ington. That's why he wants a
treaty with automatic" inter-
vention-that is, without any
step requiring a request from
! the President for authority
from Congress for immediate
action.
The willingness Of the Presi-
dent to sign any mutual de-
fense treaty with Korea only is,
of course, a "going-it-alone"
policy on the part of the
United States. 1t is as de-
tached from the u. N. as is the
NATO treaty. But the critics
who were so quick to jump on
Senator Taft recently when he
stated plainly the facts of life
with reference to the U. N. in
the Far East, are strangely
silent now and evidently see
nothing wrong in a commit
ment with a single country
that could obligate America to
go to war on the mainland of
Asia.
Surely the policy of the
United States in the long run
will have to be modified to
negotiate a wider alliance like
NATO for the Pacific, after
which all the bilateral pacts
would be repealed or super
seded.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1953-07-01

should contain. one would
think, the state papers and
speeches of our greatest Pres
idents; the works, not only of
contemporary but past his
torians; all the American
poets; the outstanding nov
elists, biographers, political
thinkers and social reformers
Of the past. They don't, be-
cause they can't. Many of the
greatest American writer's and
thinkers-and not even of the
remote past-are out Of print.
and can be found only in pub
lie or university libraries, or,
by long search, through sec
ond-hand book dealers. The
Government has no mandate
to republish the American
classics.
The mass of Information
Service books is contemporary.
The service selects 1000 vol
umes out of the approximately
$4,000 annually published, and
sends this reduced list to the
various centers for further Sc
lection. But selection there is,
of necessity. Eleven-twelfths
of new books are banned" at
the outset.
The State Department in
herited Army libraries, assem-
bled primarily for GIs. We
suspect they contained a large
number of whodunits, West
erns, comics. Should these all
be kept, or some eliminated?
Would their elimination be
book-burning?"
We suggest that a small
non-political committee of Ii
brarians and scholars go over
the whole setup and recon-
mend a selection policy,
which, from the utter con-
fusion of conflicting direc-
tives, seems never to have
existed.
But as long as the cold war
lasts these libraries will be in
politics.
They are political instru-
ments.
Evening star., 1953-07-01
Thomas L. Stokes:
Thonos L. Stokes:
Some Mighty Proud Beggors
Texas, Where the Droughts Are Also Bigger, Detests
Federal Interference, Except When Trouble Hits

It happens quite frequently,
year after year-but it always
has the same irony.
That is. the way folks who
cry aloud about the sacredness
of States rights" and against
Federal Government "interfer-
ence" begin to show up here
when they get into trouble
with floods or drought and
similar natural catastrophes,
and demand that the Govern
ment come to their aid. It is
only proper, of course, that the
Government should. For the
Government is all of us and
our means Of helping one an
other when disaster strikes;
but you wouldn't know that,
the way some "State-righters"
talk - until they, too, need
help.
AS now. for example, in the
case of the terrible drought
that has devastated some parts
of Texas and that has brought
delegations of State political
leaders, cattlemen, business
men and bankers here to de-
mand financial aid from the
Federal Government. That is
now being arranged.
President Eisenhower saw
the irony of the Texas invasion
Of the National Capital. When
a group Of Texans went in to
see him to plead for Federal
help, he grinned and said:
Il GAn remember the last
Evening star., 1953-07-01
Fletcher KnebeI:
Potomac Fever
LOUIE
BY Harry Honun

Air Force Gen. Vandenberg. who blasted Arp cuts
gets medal from the administration he retes medal
of course, for extnguished service.
Harry Truman cancels his regular walk after night
clubbing in New York Harry has found that early bed and
early is not the life for dolls and guys
alocateS So million the drought stricken cattle lands
The G. O. p is the conservative party-no problem
that can't be solved by the last administrations old methods
Big foreign ministers meet in Washington
July TO- foreign minister not to be confused with
ambassador-hes got enough to do confusing himself.
Democratic Senator Mansfield. veteran Dealer says
it's about time to foreign aid
and invest in the election party that
doesn't blush every time it gives money away.
first Russian wives of American citizens permitted
the world Things different
ladies' Russia when your husband at
night you hope the police don't h-over you
Evening star., 1953-07-01

wants help from the Treasury
which comes from all our
pockets. But as for oil no, the
rest Of us can't share revenues
from that resource in the mar
ginal seas up to 1012 miles
from the Texas shoreline which
is so plainly the national pub
lie domain that belongs to all
Of us.
Mr.. Porter does seem incon-
sistent - but he gets away
with it.
Texas has been hard hit.
Secretary Of Agriculture Ben
son, in his inspection Of the
drought areas, saw the dust
storms in the Texas Pan
handle. They were reminiscent
of the dust storms in the
drought back in 1887 in parts
Of Oklahoma, Kansas, Iowa,
Colorado and Nebraska, a re-
gion that came to be called
"The Dust Bowl" That dis
aster prompted the Roosevelt
administration to institute a
broad-gauged Federal conser-
vation program, financed from
the common Federal Treasury,
to save that area. Saving it
meant saving it for all of us
as a national resource, not
just saving 1t for the people
who lived there.
It is the same way with
Texas now.
The hypocrisy of the Spe-
cious "State-righters" gets very
tiresome.
Evening star., 1953-07-01
Opportunity to Score q Victory
fostering Trouble in Iron Curtain Countries Offers
Us a Chance to Free Millions Under Red Lash

bury, do not have the stature
of the men for whom they are
substituting. They are COM
petent to run the current busi-
ness of the kingdom but we
cannot expect them to make
any decisions with important
international consequences.
In France, the new adminis-
tration headed by Joseph Lam
iel is only a little more than
a caretaker government intent
on putting some order in the
bad finances Of the country
but pledged to the National
Assembly to remain passive in
international affairs.
The De Gasperi government
in Italy-a minority admins
tration-is now seeking sup
port from the Moderate So
cialiStS headed by Saragat. who
in turn Is moving toward the
Extreme Socialists Of Pietro
Nenni, a close associate of the
Communists. These alliances
will prevent De Gasperi from
continuing overtly his policy
of close cooperation with the
United States.
This is the picture which our
Government must take into
consideration at this crucial
time when the Soviet domina-
ton of its own people and es-
pecially of the satellites is
shown to be breaking at the
seams.
For the last seven years, our
Government has been hoping
for such a situation. Many OBJ
servers had been forecasting
that the Kremlin will eventu-
ally suffer from an acute at
tack of indigestion, and it was
said during all these years
that will be our chance to
make these slaves into free
people once more without fir
ing a shot" The chance seems
to have arrived. The German
and Czech instructions have
been only temporarily stifed.
There are reliable reports that
these rebellionS have contain
mated other Soviet satellites
such as Hungary, Poland and
Romania, where even the Red
broadcasts indicate ominous
rumblings.
Our Government believes,
however, that we cannot go it
alone - even automatically
and at the same time obtain
the cooperation it would like
to have from our European
allies. Hence, it is marking
time in the hope that some
thing may develop beore it is
too late.
Evening star., 1953-07-01

The language of these
treaties make it clear that the
action to be taken is irrespec-
tive of the Security Council Of
the U. NJ, and the only require
ment is that the measures
taken must be Immediately
reported" and that they must
be terminated when the Secu-
rity Council takes the meas
ures necessary to restore and
maintain international peace
and security"
This is the same text that
was used in the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization. usually
referred to as NATO. But it
is doubtful whether the aver
age man in America knows
what this very tactfully worded
language means in terms of
sending American troops over
seas.
In the case of Korea, it
means that, If trouble arises
as it did in June, 1850, the
Republic of Korea would ex-
pect the United States to act
at once without reference to
the United Nations Security
Council.
There is a distinct difference
in the case Of NATO because
all IL countries are bound to-
gether to take concerted action.
In the Pacific, bilateral al
liances have been set up in
stead of a regional arrange
ment encompaSsing all the
countries with interests in that
area. Great Britain and France
have a direct interest in the
Pacific but are not obligated
to come to the aid of the
countries with which the
United States has signed or
will be signing mutual defense
pactS.
An examination of the lam
guage of the recently ratified
treaties with the Philippines
and with Australia and New
Zealand shows that, if the same
text is used in the treaty with
Korea, it does not necessarily
mean instantaneous action.
Indeed, there is a question as
to what is meant by the decla-
ration that the United States