davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-06-18
Prison I Ternns to Save Lives on Eiqhwoys

Editors Note: The following por-
ton Of an address recently delivered
before the Virginia Statewide Safety
Conference at Roanoke by Judge
George d. Nelson Of the Municipal
Court Of the District Of Columbia de-
serves reprinting In The Star as
contribution to the current discussion
Of traffic hazards, their causes and
correctionS)
T URGE A THOROUGH re-examina-
i ton Of the adequacy Of penalties
being meted out for traffic violators.
Inconsistent and uncertain penalties
have constituted serious obstacle to
the success of enforcement programs
here and throughout the country.
Engineering and education-good as
they. may be-cannot by themselves
solve the safety problem, without effec-
tive traffic enforcement. This, of neces-
sity, places great responsibility on the
courts responsibility which in very
fact means life or death for many Of
our fellow citizens.
The imposition Of adequate penalties
is not an easy task. There are many
factors to be considered, including all
Of the pertinent facts of any given case.
the prior record Of the defendant, If
any, and possible extenuating circum-
stances. Obviously the judge should
have wide discretion in determining
what penalty should be imposed. How
ever, this should not, and must not. be
the guise for the imposition Of penalties
which cannot be justified by the facts.
The penalties over q period Of time
should show semblance of consistency.
They should not be rigid, but they can
follow a definite pattern.
always have felt that automobile
drivers were entitled to know in ad-
vance that If they violated any given
traffic law they could expect certain
punishment. Furthermore, they should
be able to anticipate the approximate
penalties-in money fines or jail SEN
tences-which they would be called
Evening star., 1953-06-18
For the Record
Minneapolis.

Your June II article "26 Voice Pros
and Cons on School Issue" did not ac-
curately reflect my brief statement.
possibly because of the heat and con-
fusion in the crowded Rockville hearing
room.
would appreciate your making the
following corrections by publication Of
this letter:
Cd am not former president Of
PTA Council"
(2) appeared as an individual and
did not this year participate in the
study Of the Montgomery County
budget by any group.
(3) made only one point. Two as
sistant superintendents now are being
paid a combined salary Of $4,000
Though 1t probably was not intentional,
the County Managers recommendation
would cut the total Of their two salaries
to $4,000. If the County Managers
recommendations prevail, the present
salaries Of three more officials would be
cut at time when salaries are not
being cut across the board. IF the
County Managers recommended cuts in
present salaries were intentional, I
objected on the principle that the Ques-
ton Of the competence. capacity and
ability Of school officials is q respon-
sibility Of the Board Of Education and
not a matter to be handled by the
County Manager through the budget
process.
Carroll d. FentresS.
Evening star., 1953-06-18
Nocturnal Scene

The houses stand like uGults pherein
the dead
AtDGit awakening on the Judgment
Day;
No sound is heard, sdue notD and then
the tread
OF some one homeUdrd on his tDeary
1DGy.
The moon mounts In the hedvens. shotr-
eTing dot0n
Its siIDer sheen of peGrls-Gn angel
1DeepS
With joy and tDedpes golden crotDn
To place upon the city iotile 1t sleeps.
A restless rustic tn the trees Is heard.
The lGnp-hohts flicker, family falls
their 0lolO;;
A barking dog. the ttpitter of bird,
These are the only signs of lite belotc.
No protDler comes abroad this tDitchtn0
hour.
No eye beyond the curtotned tDindoio
peeps,
And saints and sinners share the scented
Sh0tDer
OF Gods great blessing-tDllIe the
city sleeps.
John Joy Dolly
Evening star., 1953-06-18
To Strengthen the Police

Passage of the police pay-raise legislation
not only gives merited recognition to the men
Of Chief Murray's reorganized force but promises
to ease the manpower shortage which has
plagued the department. Strenuous efforts to
recruit more men for the undermanned force
have failed to produce the results hoped for.
Everywhere the recruiting teams went last year
they encountered the same objection to Joining
Washington's law-enforcement agency-too low
pay. Some prospective recruits said they might
sign up later II Congress granted an increase
In salaries
Congress has done its part, although not
to the extent that the policemen and firemen
had urged. The IL per cent raise Is a COM
promise between the per cent recommended
by the Budget Bureau and the 16 per cent sought
by Chief Murray and police and fire organiza-
tions. But coupled with the compromise sched-
ule is speeded-up promotion system that
places the local department In a favorable
position among police departments Of major
cities. Hereafter 1t will take only three years,
instead of five, for private to advance to top
pay In his group.
Still another step needs to be taken by
Congress If Chief Murray's force is to be brought
to full strength. Pending before the Senate are
House approved items in the District budget
for hiring of 200 crossing guards and for
putting more patrolmen on the street. The
guards will release policemen for more i'm
portant crime-war assignments and the added
funds will enable the chief to employ more
men or, in lieu of recruits, to put present
members of the force on six-day week. The
budgetary items are as essential as better pay
for policemen and hremen.
Evening star., 1953-06-18
Wants q Curfew

I have been reading various articles,
also having some experiences regarding
the tactics Of some of the teen-agers
and am thoroughly convinced Washing
ton should have curfew which would
require these children to be in their
homes and under the supervision Of
their parents after 10 o'clock at night.
Otherwise, arrest the parents.
I have two teen-age children and hold
myself responsible for their conduct,
which does not include racing around
the streets in my expensive auto nor
staying out until early morning destroy
ing the property of business people.
A curfew is the solution!
G. G.. Shaw.
Evening star., 1953-06-18
By Charles E. TroceweN
Carroll D. FentresS.

shop Of the future. and think that in
friendly competition.
yours most sincerely, M. De f."
Those who love books look upon
them as something more than mer-
chandise. and this applies both to
seller and purchaser.
During the past 20 years, the book
men Of the Nation have had many
heated conferences as to what was
going to happen to them. First it was
the rising cost of manufacture, and
then the book clubs.
They all seem to be doing very
well, as far as the random booklover
can tell, but he will feel slightly Ill at
ease, himself, when he sees the book
he is asked 81 for in the bookstore 60
for $3.45 from a club, or notice that
the last four books he purchased for
approximately $25 in the stores can
be had free Of all cost just for joining
q club and promising to purchase four
other books in q year.
This sort Of thing (actual cases)
makes the random book purchaser won
der. He feels that for his refusal
to join cooperative" as you might
say. he is penalized a good sum, and
he doesn't like it. Maybe the whole
world is going communistic, and this
is just as good a beginning as any, but
still he doesn't like it. He believes that
the individual booklover is the support
of it all, and that he should be ca
tered to, not the person who just
agrees to join gang.
This column wishes to congratulate
the owners and proprietors Of what
shop. They do everything first in New
York.
Evening star., 1953-06-18
This and That

"Our shop has been open only bit
over two months, and already the re-
SponSe has been most gratifying. We
have at present over 1000 different
titles on display in our small place,
and we are constantly increasing that
figure.
within the next week we are hav-
ing q wall knocked out to allow Us
bit more shelf space.
"I am afraid that neither I nor my
partner can qualify on all the interest
ing requirements that you set for the
ideal bookShop proprietor; however,
both of us have a supreme interest in
books and in people who share that
interest, and we hope that this COM
pensates in some part for not having
lots Of money in our pockets, prize
fighters shoulders or Einstein's brain.
Zone note I might add-even lack
ing such helpful qualities, we are hav-
ing q wonderful time. This is new
kind of store, and every day, every
minute is exciting and enjoyable and
challenging.
I'VE have in stock all Of the titles
you mentioned in your article, with the
unfortunate exception of His Majesty
OKeefe,' which we have not yet been
able to locate. But don't worry-we
are working on it.
"It was the challenge part, think,
that has kept others out of the field.
People in the book trade are con-
stantly curious about us. How can
you make a living on just pocket
books?' we are asked on every side.
The answer is quite simple, really. !
fail to see how any bookseller is going
to be able to make very much money
on anything else within the next five
years. I think our shop is the book
Evening star., 1953-06-18
Letters to The Star !.

health at the present time, and that
there are many local boards of health
working under State boards. Washing
tons population Is greater than any of
several States, and the congested popu-
lation requires most careful health
supervision. The citizens associations,
the PTA. the luncheon clubs, the Board
of Trade and the individual citizens
all can help to obtain a Board of
Health for the District Of Columbia by
communicating their wishes to the
Board of Commissioners.
James A. Cannon, MD.
Evening star., 1953-06-18
The Rosenberg Stay

Chief Justice Wilson's promptneSS in re-
calling the full Supreme Court to review the
stay granted by Justice Douglas in the Rosen-
berg case was demanded by the circumstances
Justice Douglas may have been justified in
his action. Certainly he was justified in his
own mind. 1t is possible that the full court
will agree with him. The important point,
however, is that the full court, and not one
Of its members, should decide whether the
new doubts which aSsailed Justice Douglas are
based on substantial grounds
Had the Attorney Generals application for
immediate review of the stay order gone un-
answered, with the court in recess and its
members scattered, it would be months and
possibly years before there could be q final
determination on the point cited by Justice
Douglas. That still may be the case. But If
30, 1t will be the Supreme Court and not one
Of its members which sanctions this delay.
The stay order by Justice Douglas directs
that the question as to whether the Rosen-
bergS were convicted under the right law must
go all the way back to the District Court, after
which, of course, it would have to be reviewed
in the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court
Meanwhile, under his order, the execution Of
the RoSenbergs must be stayed
There is doubt, of course, as to whether the
full Supreme Court can or will overrule and
strike down stay order granted by one of its
members No case comes to mind in which
such action has been taken and it may be that
the full court is powerless to act now Neverthe-
less, an immediate ruling from the full bench
is required.
The sole point raised by Justice Douglas in
granting the stay concerned the question
whether the RosenbergS should have been tried
under the Atomic Energy Act, passed August l,
1946 or under the 1917 Espionage Act. And,
~
Rosenbergs or their attorneys, but by two
lawyers representing a stranger to the case
Last week, Federal Judge kaufman, who tried
the case, described these lawyers as interlopers.
Still, 1t cannot be doubted that the question
Is important. If the Atomic Energy Act was the
applicable statute, the Rosenbergs could have
been sentenced to death only if the jury had
recommended the death penalty and If the
RosenbergS had been charged specifically with
giving atomic secrets to the Russians with the
intent to injure the United States. Neither
Of these conditions was met.
So unless the contention that the Atomic
Energy Act should apply is a frivolous one
which may be the Casa substantial question
bearing upon the lawfulneSS of the sentence
has been raised. And while, to many people,
this will seem to be piddling and perhaps an
infuriating technicality, a final ruling must be
awaited For this Government should not take
the lives Of two persons-even though they be
atomic spies-unleSs the lawfulness Of the
execution is clearly established.
Evening star., 1953-06-18
T0ckIinq the Postal Deficit

It is encouraging to learn that the new
administration has definite plan for reducing
the staggering deficit of the Post Oh1ce Depart
ment. For many years this deficit has been
mounting higher and higher, until today the
department is losing money at the rate of 81
million every working day. The annual shortage
now totals more than $500 million, despite cur
tailed deliveries and other economies Post
master General Summerfield put it mildly when
he told the Advertising Federation of America
that this sort of losing business operation can
not be viewed with complacency"
Mr.. Summerfeld disclosed that his depart
ment has four-part program for attacking
the deficit problem. First, there are being eff
fected numerous economies within the depart
ment, including a general reorganization Of
administrative procedures. These changes are
in line with recommendations Of the Hoover
commission. Second Congress will be asked to
make another upward revision in postal rates.
Third, President Eisenhower has proposed the
transfer of airline subsidies from the postal
service to the Civil AeronauticS Administration.
Fourth, the Postmaster General viii urge that
Federal departments and agencies reimburse
the Post Office Department for services now
rendered free Of charge.
The third and fourth suggestions are more
in the nature of bookkeeping transactions than
IN net savings TO the taxpayers. AS long as
there are subsidies for air transportation of
mail, the appropriations viii have to be forth
coming for one agency or another to pay out.
And the distribution of charges for postal serv-
ices to Government agencies would mean larger
appropriations for each department affected.
But, as MIR. Summerf1eld has pointed out these
changes would give the public truer picture
Of actual postal deficits. It is hardly fair to the
postal service to blame 1t for that part Of the
debt resulting from subsidy policies Of the
Government and free services to the Federal
establishment
OF more particular interest to the public,
however, is the plan to ask Congress for au-
thority to raise postal rates. Any such proposal
invariably meets with opposition from many
quarters, especially if it comes in the wake of
reduced services. The Interstate Commerce
Commission has just granted a department
request for an increase in parcel post rates
Speaker Martin Indicated after visit to the
White House, that general raise in rates will
be sought by the administration, including
possibly q four-cent letter rate. And when it Is
considered that the cost Of transporting second
class mail exceeds revenues from that class, the
Evening star., 1953-06-18

when the police are right, the latter.
viii lose interest In the proper dis
charge Of their duties, with the unfor-
tunate result that the public suffers. I
have indicated that the police must use
sound discretion and much common
sense in enforcing traffic laws. How
ever. can see no Justification for q
tolerant attitude on the part Of the po-
lice or the courts when dealing with
repeaters or major traffic offenders.
Drunken, reckless and hit-and-run
drivers are menace of the first order
to society. These killers and potential
killers on our highways by their very
actions have forfeited all claims to
sympathy or leniency.
It is high time to put halt to this
form of unintentional murder, and the
surest way to do so is for the courts.
backed up by public opinion. to jail
drunken, reckless and hit-and-run
drivers. Not money fines, but jail SEN
tences are the real deterrents.
I urge once more the adoption Of a
national slogan which I suggested in
Traffic Quarterly Magazine and in
Richmond:
I'm traffic safety there is no favor
ite-drunken. reckless, hit-and-run
drivers go to jail"
If the courts of this State and those
throughout the country would adopt
and carry out this idea, thus making
jail sentences the rule, rather than the
exception, as at present, predict with
out fear of successful contradiction the
AIv Ae& NOnawa
ately a miraculous reduction in needless
highway deaths and accidents.
The public. I am sure, will support
the judges in their earnest endeavorS If
the latter make certain in every case
that all constitutional and legal rights
of the accused have been fully re-
spected, both before and during the
trial, and that he has been fairly and
impartially tried and convicted on COM
petent evidence.
Evening star., 1953-06-18

need for further revision Of charges for this
heavy mailing burden Is obvious. The whole
subject Of postal rate3 needs additional study
by Congress against the alarming background
of the huge deficits that threaten to become
permanent fixture Of this phase OF the Gov
ernment's business
Evening star., 1953-06-18
Questions and Answers

The Stars readers can get the answer to any
question OF fact by either writing The Evening
Washington 3, d. c., and inclosing 8 cents re-
turn postage. or By telephoning Gterline 8.T80a
Evening star., 1953-06-18
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.

@. Does motion-picture studio
maintain a regular staff to design cos
tunes for its players? Do these people
belong to unions?-L. o.
A. Most studios have two to four de-
signers with a staff Of assistants and
additional workers. All except the head
designers must belong to the Screen Set
Designers and Decorators Union.
Evening star., 1953-06-18

Q. How is it that q vehicle as heavy
as tank does not make q deeper i'm
preston on the ground?-P. B. o.
A. Because Of the wide treads, the
weight Of the tank is spread out so
thinly over the ground that the i'm
preston Is not very deep.
Evening star., 1953-06-18

Pen-111n1es may be used if letters carry
1OriterS' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.
Evening star., 1953-05-08
THE EVENING STAR, Washington, p. g.
FRIDAY, MAY o lO00

A Sale So Big
We Have:
. Extra SoIespeopIe!
. Extro Filters!
. Extra Cashiers!
Extra checkwriters!
Evening star., 1953-10-11
.Isotopes Proving
Significant Aid 10
Medical Diagnosis
By Alvin S. Mccoy

LAWRENCE, Kas., Oct. 10 up.
Little Marilyn just wasn't max
ing it.
From the day of her birth she
had been listless, torpid. failing
to respond to light or to objects
dangled before her eyes. She
didn't cry normally, wouldn't eat
and had to be force-fed. Fluids
had to be injected under her skin
to keep her fabby little, body
from drying out.
Her abdomen was swollen, her
face expressionless.
How Marilyn was changed into
a normal baby, rescued from life
Evening star., 1953-10-11
Boys Admit MoiIbox BIostings;
FBI Rules Out Thern1ite Bomb

Alexandria, Va. which has had
more than its share of home
made bomb cases recently, re-
ported two new developments on
the demolition front yesterday
/. Two 15-year-old boys were
taken into custody and charged
with blowing up two mailboXes
last January 81.
2. Police received an official
report from the Federal Bureau
of Investigation that a home
made bomb found in the base
ment of a new house didn't con-
tain thermite after all, as had
been reported by the Army in
Baltimore.
Boxes Are Destroyed.
The two 15-year-old boys were
picked up by Alexandria police
in the investigation of the base
ment bomb case. Police said
they denied any knowledge of
that bomb. but admitted the two
mailbox bombings. Police said
the boys made the bombs at
home. One was set off in a pri-
vate mailbox and the other was
exploded in a Post Office Depart
ment. box. Both boxes were de-
Evening star., 1953-10-11

Every one knows about the uses Of
atoms in wor-A-bom H-bombs.
otom- powered submarines. And there
hos been much speculation about
peoeetime uses. There is one reoi-
ity Of progress tod0Y-which one sci
enlist coils "the most important med
icol discovery since the microscope"
Here is the story Of radioactive iso-
topes.
Evening star., 1953-10-11
200 Atomic Scientists
Reported Held by Reds
By the Associated Press

CAMP FRIEDLAND, Ger
many, Oct. 10.-The Russians to-
day were reported holding 200
German scientists who refused
to renew contracts to work on
atomic research projects behind
the Iron Curtain.
The report was made by Ger
man prisoners of war who have
just returned after spending 10
years in Russian captivity.
The returnees, who would not
permit use of their names for
personal reasons, said they met
the German scientists at Camp
Dernitza, five miles from Kiev
in the Soviet Ukraine.
The repatriated soldiers said
that the scientists, including
physicists, chemists and highly
specialized technicians, we're re-
cruited in 1947 to sign two-yea1
contracts to work for the Rus
slams at a secret atomic research
institute at Suchumi, on the
Black Sea.
When the scientists refused to
renew the contracts in 1949,
they said, they were transferred
to Camp Detnitza to await a
promised return to Germany.
But, the POWs said, the sci
entiSts are still there.
Evening star., 1953-10-11

the aid of a counter so that the
surgeon will know where to use
his healing bone saw and scapel.
Radioactive iodine, the same
stuff that was used in a tiny
quantity to detect Marilyn's lack
of thyroid tissue, is being used
in large doses to slow down
overly active thyroids - some
times making surgery unneces-
Sary.
Treatment with these isotopes
must be carried on cautiously,
however. II be rays destroy cells
which limits their use in cancer
treatment. .-.-
DR.. Paul C. Aebersold, director
of the isotopes division of the
Atomic Energy Commission in
Oak Ridge, believes that in the
long run they will be most use
full in their tracer role-in dag
nosts and research.
Some 81 hospitals and ply
sicians in New York State have
been approved by the Acc to
receive radioactive isotopes, 66
in California. 33 in Illinois.s 80
in Pennsylvania, % in Texas, "a
in Massachusetts,, ,N20 in Ohio. and
SO on down to one each in Idaho
New Hampshire and Rhode
Island.
Evening star., 1953-10-11

dates back to his childhood in
Westfield, N. j. AS a boy artist,
he doodled skulls and bones. For
him, Halloween was a big pro-
duction. He never dressed as an
Indian or pirate, only as ghost.
He was fond, too, of roaming
through cemeteries at night and
visiting an old, deserted Victorian
ruin next door, which later be-
came the model for his weird
family home.
Encouraged to Study.
His father, who was wholesale
manager for piano company,
and his mother worried OCCASION
ally about the portent of
Charley's doodling, but both en-
couraged him to draw. After a
year at Colgate, he studied fine
arts at the University of Penn
sylvania and the Grand Central
Art School in New York.
His most valuable education,
he says, was two years 1882
1889 spent in the art depart
ment of MacFadden Publica-
tionS, where he worked as a
reluctant retoucher. His job was
to make photos of murder victims
less griSly. But Addams has al
ways felt they were kind of
interesting the way they were" !"
In 1888, he began selling to
the New Yorker, which today is
his chief market and steadiest
source of income. (He also does
some ads and has had three
anthologies published. which sold
10000 copies). Besides his
humor, he is appreciated at the
magazine for his thorough and
reliable craftsmanship.
Charley had been drawing
the witch-wife and other mem
bers of the family" for five
years before he met Barbara