davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-03-15

Miss Carolyn b. Crutchheld.
Miss Carolyn Berkeley Crutch-
field, daughter of Mr.. and Mrs.
Angus L. Crutchfield of ,Havre
de Grace, was married on March
IA to 1t. Leo Henry Padlog, U. S.
A. F. He is the son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Aaron Padlog of New York
City. The All Souls Unitarian
Church was the scene of the
ceremony with DR.. A. Powell
Davies officiating. There was
a reception in the library Of the
church.
Following a Southern Wedding
trip the couple will reside in BIZ
loxi, Miss.
Evening star., 1953-11-03
Constontlne Brown
What America Gained in Spain
Our AirfeIds There Regarded as Safer, More Secure
And Cheoper Thon Those We Built in Morocco

necessary sums to build these
vital installations and also to
modernize a portion of the
Spanish Army.
These projects progressed
slowly and came to ffuition
only on September 26 when
our Ambassador at Madrid,
James Clement Dunn, and
Spain's Foreign Minister, AL
berto Martin Artajo. signed the
treaty which in effect makes
Spain a partner of the United
States in the struggle against
Red world domination. It also
brings this country indirectly
into the NATO, since in case
of an emergency Spain will
lend all her resources to the
drive against the Communists.
The immediate results of the
signing of the treaty will be
a reduction of expenditures for
air bases abroad.
In order to provide the Air
Force with the necessary bases
whence it could strike retalia-
tory blows at the enemy we
contemplated building five air.
fields in Morocco. Only three
have been built so far, at a
much higher cost than original
estimates The fault cannot
be attributed to miSmanage-
ment by American authorities
alone, but also to the squeeze
by French and Moroccans.
They knew the Importance
which we attached to these
installations and made us pay
through the nose. They
thought that we had nowhere
else to go for similar facilities.
The treaty with Spain was
drafted with much more care
than the agreement with
France. We learned from ex-
perience and also dealt with
a government in Madrid which
is not subject to leftist political
pressure
The French government
took us for granted and be-
lieved that so long as other
sites were not available to the
Air Force we would have to
pay the price. The Madrid
government does not take us
Evening star., 1953-11-03
Doris FIeeson-
Doris FIeeson-
AShOWdoWn After the Election?
6. O. P Politicians Are Giving Eisenhower Trouble;
Edrno Problem VIII Be Due Some

A showdown of some kind
between President Eisenhower
and the politicians seems to be
rushing toward a climax.
On the eve of scattered elec-
tions in which Republican
prestige is at stake, Secretary
of Agriculture Benson ordered
into effect a reorganization of
his department. Important
Benson changes are being
openly opposed by many farm
Spokesmen in Congress, includ-
ing Representative Hope of
Kansas. chairman of the House
Agriculture Committee.
Mr.. Benson said he acted
with the full knowledge and
approval of the President.
He then rushed off to the
Southern Governors confer
ence, most of whose members,
including such Democrats for
Eisenhower as Gov Byrnes of
South Carolina, oppose the
Benson policy also. Byrnes,
always the in-fighter, snorted
that the Benson abolition of
the regional Offices of the Soil
Conservation Service was an
old Henry Wallace scheme.
Mr.. Benson'S timing, any of
these experienced Southern
hands would have told their
friend in the White House, was
terrible.
True. they are currently a
little nervous because for the
first time the State organiza-
Evening star., 1953-11-03

When the 40-hour week was
first introduced, it was sup
posed to be a spread-the-work
measure in times when the la
Dor force was not fully en-
ployed. The me-and-a-half
idea was a means Of penaliz-
ing overtime and keeping it
down. But with a labor force
of So million or more fully en-
ployed, the time e-and-a-half
premium became a necessity
when the Korean program
called for increased production
in a hurry.
The labor unions, after the
close of World War II, insisted
that hourly rates be increased
to take care of losses in pay due
to elimination of overtime and
the cry was "48 hours pay for
40 hours work" It is signif1-
can't that this year, even as
overtime pay has been reduced,
the Department of Commerce
reports that hourly rates Of pay
have been rising notwithstand-
ing the fact that fewer hours
are being worked.
The big question for the fu-
ture of the American economy
is whether labor costs will con-
tinue to rise. If SO, there is
little hore of a drop in prices
to the consumer, which used to
be the way that demand was
stimulated when sales fell off.
If labor costs keep rising, the
price spiral will in due time
cause a squeeze for the indus
trial world not unlike that
which is worrying the farmer.
Thus, while the outcry from
the agricultural areas is that
farm income is dropping, there
would be less and less concern
about it If the things the
farmer has to buy were also
Evening star., 1953-11-03
Constantine Brown

MADRID, Spain (By Air
Mail)-There still are some
State Department officials who
lament the surrender to the
military. who, they say, insisted
that the American-Spanish
deal for air and naval bases be
expedited.
These diehards of the past
regime cannot help the situa-
ton They are now resigning
themselves to the new look"
in our foreign policy. which
they consider an abandonment
of democratic principles for
the sake Of military expedi-
ency."
They consider this abandon
ment at least partially the re-
suit of terrorism by "the Nc
Carran-McCa Carthy gang" and
that dreadful little man Scott
Mcleod" (the State Depart
ment's director of security and
PERSONNEL.
These diehards fought a los
ing battle up to the last min
ute. The story is told in Madrid
of certain official who was in
position to delay important
cables from Ambassador James
Dunn, thus retarding the nego-
tiations in their final stages.
His summary removal might
have created a hue and cry
of witch-hunting, particularly
since he did not come under
the category of a bad security
risk. He was handled with kid
gloves and was ordered to
Madrid to assist the American
negotiators in the last phases
of the treaty.
In this manner the official
was no longer able to delay the
cables. Everybody was happy.
The man was in Madrid CIV,
ing advice which nobody took
into account; the Secretary of
State received Madrid cables
promptly and the shouts of
witch-hunt we're avoided.
That the military contrib
uted greatly to the American
Spanish treaty is beyond doubt.
The late Admiral Forest Sher-
man initiated the conversations
for naval and air bases. Con-
gress twice appropriated the
Evening star., 1953-11-03

Benson do not seem to realize
is that they are mousetrapped
between the Eastern and Mid
west wings of their party and
that the MidwesternerS always
do and must prevail in Con-
greSS because they can count
on the Southerners in farm
policy.
The Fasteners don't raise
the basic farm crops, now
price-supported; they use them
as feed or raw materials and
they are interested in lower or
at least competitive prices on
such crops. The spokesmen for
this group are largely repre-
sented on the advisory COM
mittee which is helping MIR.
Benson draft an administra-
ton farm program. An able
spokesman for the Eastern
farm philosophy is the COM
n1ittee chairman, Dean Will
liam I. Myers of Cornell Uni
verSity.
Midwest Republicans are
protecting themselves from
guilt by association. They are
the more encouraged to do so
since the President called for
election of all Republicans re-
gardless of their political color.
The situa tion, politically
speaking, requires broad STRAIT
egy; it has been breaking down
into tactical engagements. And
that strategy is the Presidents
responsibility.
Evening star., 1953-11-03
Lowell MeHett-

Senator George Aiken of
Vermont, chairman of the Sen
ate Agriculture Committee,
thinks there is an organized
movement afoot Ito discredit
and destroy" Ezra Taft Ben
son. Secretary of Agriculture.
and that the Democrats are
back of it. 1t started, he told
a television audience, even
before Mr.. Benson took office
back in January.
This doesn't sound like the
Vermonter'S customary cool
appraisal of men and affairs.
It is true that the Democrats
are taking every possible ad-
vantage of the widespread dis
content among farmers and
that they are seeking to dis
credit Mr.. BenSon's policies,
but few if any have attacked
him personally. Their line has
been, Benson is an honest
man, but" AS for wishing
to destroy him, that doesn't
seem reasonable. They could
hardly hope to find a better
target. If they had known
before he took Office that
things we're going to turn
out the way they have, they
surely wouldn't have wanted
him destroyed.
No, the Democrats are doing
just what comes naturally to
a party out of power. They
are blaming the adminiStra-
tion for everything that makes
anybody unhappy. They are
giving Mr.. Benson the treat
ment the Republicans accorded
Secretaries Brannan, Ander-
son and Wallace in their day.
1t may be having some effect,
but probably not a great deal.
Farmers are disposed to dis
count what Democrats say
about Republicans.
But when Republicans say
the same things, as many are
doing, particularly in the farm
States, that's a different story.
That means that Mr.. Benson
and the Eisenhower admins
tration are in real trouble on
the farm front. If Mr.. Benson
is at least partly responsible for
this it could be due to his po-
litical ineptitude.
The new Secretary came to
Washington with certain theo-
ries concerning our agricultural
economy, theories at variance
with those held by the retiring
administration. But almost i'm
Evening star., 1953-11-03
Fletcher Knebel-
Potomac Fever

Agriculture Secretary Benson soil conservation Offices
despite protests Benson forging ahead through the po
might precpce
Republican Representative Bender of Cleveland investigates
the Agriculture Department revamping expert
farm probem-almos every farmer Ohio gets
of his Christmas cards from the CITY,
Southern Governors meet at Hot Springs Va. Cover
strong for States rightsevery State
decide itself what kind of relief
Secretary Talbot We'll A-bombs in Spain
treating Spain equashes got perfect right
get blown soon are.
Russia sells gold the world market
something in with the rest of after aheyre
running short of dollars
Evening star., 1953-11-03

ton of Senator Byrd of Vir-
ginia, another Democrat for
Eisenhower, has a real fight
on it's hands in the contest for
Governor. It is also true that
the current elections being
watched for trends are not in
farm States.
Still the Agriculture Secre-
tary has successfully adver-
tised anew the hole in the
farm section of the umbrella
which the President says he
is raising over his party.
If the elections fail to de-
velop any upsets. the general
G. o. P. tension may relax.
Should Democrats elect the
Mayor of New York, Senator
Byrd reassert his control of
Virginia, and Republicans
elect a Governor of New Jer-
sey and two Congressman from
normally Republican districts
in New Jersey and California,
a reasonable claim may be
made by Republicans that all's
right with the Nation.
It might then be possible
for some private converSa-
tions about their misunder-
standings to occur between the
White House and Republican
political managers. They have
much to discuss. Recent ham
ding of the matters at issue
has only shed heat, not light.
What the President and Mr..
Evening star., 1953-11-03

for granted. The agreement
sets forth clearly that all
American materials and what
ever the Americans who will
be sent here may need will
not be subject to any duty.
This will apply not only to the
taxes usually imposed by the
government but also to mu-
nicipal; provincial and other
similar taxes which our other
allies imposed on us after we
started construction work.
Moreover, all American civil
and military personnel en-
ployed under the agreement
will be given full diplomats
status.
The decision to abandon con-
Struction Of the remaining air
installations in Morocco has,
besides the advantage of econ
omy, also that Of better Sc.
curity.
The nationalist movement in
Morocco is increasing in spite
of the drastic measures taken
by the Paris government. For
diplomatic-political reasons
we sided with the French in
opposing presentation of the
Moroccan case to the United
Nations. This policy is bitter
~ resented by the Arab ma
tionaliStS. who can count on
the support of at least half of
the native population.
Under these circumstances,
1t is felt by our military men
that in the event of a conflict
with the U.S.S.R. neither we,
with our handful of troops
guarding our bases, nor the
French could effectively guar
antee the security of our in
stallations. They would be ex-
posed at the crucial moment
to sabotage and even raids
from the hostile nationalistS.
No such dangers are facing
us in Spain. where Commu-
niSm is more dreaded than bu-
bonic plague; where the
authority of the government
is unchallenged; and where
the population is genuinely
friendly with America and
Americans.
Evening star., 1953-11-03
Driver Didn't Know
OF Shots; Policeman
Freed Of Assault

A Prince Georges County po-
liceman charged with assault
with a dangerous weapon was
found not guilty in a directed
verdict yesterday in Hyattsville
Police Court.
The complainant, who said the
officer fired at him during a
chase, testified he did not know
he was being shot at until the
day after it happened.
The officer is Pvt. E. w. Ru-
pert, 81, of the Hyattsville sub
station.
The complainant is Walter H.
Heeley, jr., %, of 1905 DreXel
road.
He filed charges against the
officer Thursday shortly before
he was tried in Circuit Court on
traffic charges brought by the
officer May "a.
Policeman Off Duty.
Pvt. Rupert was off duty that
night. He said he saw the
young man violating traffic laws
on the East-West highway and
pursued him but was unable to
stop him until they arrived at
the Heeley home. On the way
the policeman fired three shots.
The complainant testified to-
day he did not know he was
being fired at until he saw bullet
holes in his car the next day.
He testified he thought the ex-
ploSions were backfires.
Young Heeley testified Pvt.
Rupert, in civilian clothes, iden-
titled himself and showed his
badge when they arrived at the
Heeley home. But even then,
he refused to sign a personal
summons and entered his home,
he testified. The officer took him
in custody the next day.
Directed Verdict Granted.
Trial Magistrate Theodore l..
Miazga granted the directed
verdict.
The warrant against Pvt. Ru-
pert was sworn out only a few
hours before Mr.. Heeley won
one appeal and lost another on
charges stemming from the
chase.
Pvt. Rupert originally charged
him with reckless driving, going
through a red light, speeding
and crossing double white line
In Hyattsville Police Court.
Mr.. Heeley was found not guilty
on the reckless driving and line
crossing counts, and fined $50 on
the other two.
In Circuit Court Thursday he
was acquitted of speeding but
the traffic light count was up
held.
Evening star., 1953-11-03
II American P0Ws
Reported in Grip Of
Five Hard-Core Reds

Five hard-core Communists
among the % Americans held in
the Korean neutral zone have
thrown up an Iron Curtain
around their II fellow prisoners,
the Pentagon announced yester-
day.
According to the Army an
nouncement. a ringleader and
four assistants deal with the
Indian guards in the neutral
zones north camp. These ring
leaders. according to the an
nouncement. "do not wish to
have any nonrepatriate remind
ed OF home. family. religion or
country" and do not allow them
to listen to radio broadcasts.
The Army said Indian guards
deliver all mail and parcels to
the addresses, but the ring
leaders deposit all such mail in
a locked box. This box, it is re-
ported, will not be opened until
after the 80 days of explanations
have expired late in December.
The Army said the ring exer-
cises discipline over the Amer
leans and the one Briton who
also is held in the north camp
The Communist leaders conduct
study sessions and apparently
intimidate any prisoners who
might be considering repatria-
ton.
This type of close supervision
Evening star., 1953-11-03
District Area Called Worst
In Income Tax DeIinquents

ployes, as they can those of ordi-
nary citizens. Consequently, the
revenue agents are handicapped
when they try to collect from
delinquent Federal workers.
The result, Mr.. Chamberlin
said. is his door-to- door canvass
in Washington and the two
counties in an attempt to COL
lect the taxes. He said as far as
he knows it is the only area of
the country where such extra
ordinary collection measures have
been used.
He said his house to- house
canvass is not to be confused
with another highly publicized
tax check in which agents went
from door to door in search of
tax dodgers.
The purpose of the Maryland
Washington search is to collect
back taxes from persons who
have filed returns but have not
kept up their payments.
Evening star., 1953-11-03
David lawrence

The gradualness of Amer
ica'S transition from a Korean
wartime economy to a peace
time basis is pointed up by the
latest Department of Com
merce figures. which shGW that
personal income dropped
slightly from a rate of $287 bill
lion last July to a rate of
$285 billion in September.
This is a decline of about
SIT billion for the Nation as
a whole and in all probability
is due to the elimination of
much of the overtime in indus
try.
The overtime bonus, which
has at times been necessary
when productive facilities were
being strained to get wartime
speed in manufacturing, has
become quite a big item. Some
idea Of what it means can be
derived from the experience Of
some toolmakers in the Chi
cago area. Earning $3.50 an
hour on straight-time pay, this
would bring $100 for a $40
hour week. But when the day
shift is stretched from 8 to IL
hours, the pay for each of the
additional hours is $3.75, since
overtime is figured on a basis
of straight time plus so per
cent extra. Also the 1915 rate
applies on Saturdays. where
the toolmaker might be work
ing II hours. Thus, if he
works on Sunday, too, for II
hours, it is possible for him to
total $3.50 a week. Such Incl
dents are rare, but they illus
trate the way overtime and
double time on Saturdays and
Sundays help to swell the
manufacturing payrolls. Pay
ments Of 5000 a week for tool
makers have been frequent.
Evening star., 1953-11-03

mediately he found himself
confronted by a condition, not
a theory, as Grover Cleveland
once expressed it. The condi-
ton was one of prices rising
everywhere else, but falling on
the farm. There wasn't very
much the Secretary could do in
the way of a ready remedy. He
could only wait for the situa-
ton to right itself, which, in
his theory, it presently would.
He could have promised higher
price supports. but that would
have been contrary to a theory
he seemed stubbornly deter
mined to vindicate. Eventually
the clamor from the farmers
did bring him to offer half
hearted assurances that the eX-
isting support system would not
be weakened. But the damage
the political damage-had
been done.
Then there was the devastat-
ing drought. Not even the
Democrats hold Mr.. Benson
responsible for that. But they
do charge him with inexcusable
delay in furnishing such re-
lief as the Federal Government
could provide and with fur
nishing less than needed. If he
is guilty it is due to his theory
that the States should do more
for their own people and the
Federal Government less.
Now the Secretary is putting
another of his theories to the
test. He believes the highly sue
Evening star., 1953-11-03
Time for Labor Craftsmanship
Unions Urged to Recognize That Removal OF Overtime
Won't Hurt Economy Unless Hourly Rates Go Up

dropping in price. While the
political opponents of the ad-
ministration are urging that
subsidies be increased to main
tain high farm prices. little is
heard about the inflexibility of
labor costs, which may con-
tinue to rise until sales drop
of still more and unemploy-
ment enSueS.
This. therefore, is q time
for labor-union craftsmanship
"a time to recognize that the
removal of overtime in and of
itself need not injure the
economy. But if it is accom-
panied by a demand for higher
hourly rates to Offset over
time losses, serious situation
will be developed.
The diminution of personal
income thus far noted isn't,
relatively speaking, serious.
After all, the September rate
of $285 billion a year is above
the rate for the first nine
months of 1858, which was
1924 billion. This was 6.5 per
cent higher than for the first
nine months of 1852.
The readjustment now under
way-in fact, it has been going
on ever since the Korean war
shows every evidence of
being absorbed without any
indication of deep recession or
depression. 1t is the kind of
transition which forecasts an
even healthier economy when
production is again on a nor
NAL basis. And, incidentally,
the increase in leisure hours
brought about through the re-
duction of excessive overtime
tends in the long run to in
crease consumer spending and
to improve the health of the
workers.
Reproduction Rights Reserved0
Evening star., 1953-11-03
By the Assoeioted Press

BALTIMORE, Nov. 3.-An In
ternal Revenue Service official
said yesterday the rate of de-
linquency in income tax pay
ments is higher in the District
of Columbia and Montgomery
and Prince Georges Counties
than anywhere else in the
country.
L. Alfred Chamberlin, direc-
tor of the Baltimore district,
which includes all of Maryland
and Washington, said the condi-
ton is directly attributable to
the large number of Federal en-
ployes who live in Washington
and the counties.
Mr.. Chamberlin said his COL
lectors cannot diStrain wages
and salaries of Government en-
Evening star., 1953-11-03

some observers noted, might
have explained the action of
Corpl. John Dickinson, of Big
Stone Gap, Va, who reported
sick to the Indian hospital in
order to give himself up for re-
patriation.
An informed source in ran
munjon reported earlier that the
progressive" core consisted of
only three soldiers who intimi-
dated the other 10.
Evening star., 1953-11-03
Benson III D Against q Condition
Theories May Be Good But They Fail to Modify Discomfort
Of Formers Hurossed by Falling Prices, Rising Costs

ceSsful regional setup Of the
Soil Conservation Service has
outlived it's usefulness and in
the face of strong opposition
in Congress, including some OF
his Republican supporters, he
is undertaking to reorganize it.
Requests that he hold up his
plans for further consideration
have been rejected. This tosses
soil conservation into the polit-
ical arena in a way that can
do the administration no good.
Even if the Benson plan should
prove to be good. the proof
will not be provided by next
summer or in time to benefit
the party's candidates in the
rural districts.
And Honest George Aiken
can't blame the Democrats for
that.
Evening star., 1953-11-03
Economical Transport

London buses, which use &c.
100000 gallons of fuel a year,
still are the most economical
form of transport for the num-
Der of people they carry. a traf-
fic study in England showed.
Evening star., 1953-11-03
Indonesio Sets Policy

Indonesias newly announced
conditions under which foreign
firms may establish agencies
there specify that grants will be
on the basis of contributions to
the national economy.
, 1953-03-12
Councilmen Invite
Mckay 10 Dinner;
Hos Previous Appt.

The members of the Saint
Croix Municipal Council
through its chairman, the
Honorable Henry E. Rohlsen,
extended an invitation to Sc
cretary of the Interior Doug
las Mckay to dine with them
when he visits here shortly.
Because of a previous en-
gagement he was unable to
accept.
The telegram reads: MUM
cipal Council of st. Croix re-
spectfully extends invitation
to you and your party to dim
ner in your honor at 800 Pm.
on Monday, March 10th in
Christiansted at Hotel-on-the
Cay. RSVP." to which Mr.. Nc
Kay replied:
appreciate dinner invita-
ton for March 16 previously
accepted dinner appointment
st. Croix that evening. Please
convey my regrets to Munich
pal Council. Looking forward
to meeting you during Saint
Croix visit"