davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-09-16

rechristened Vijaya Lakshmi, goddess
of victory"
Mohandas K. Gandhi was guest at
the lavish wedding party in 1921. He
was friend of the brides father He
had started his civil disobedience move
ment only two years earlier in the
campaign for freedom.
Eventually the whole family became
interested in Gandhi's teachings. They
were willing to accept Imprisonment as
part of the price in the independence
movement which finally was successful.
Mrs. Pandit was the mother of three
daughters, the youngest only 3, when
she was first jailed in 1882. The last
time she was held was q decade later.
Her husband died in 1914, partly as
the result of hardships in Jail. That
year she came to the United States as
delegate to the Pacific Relations Con-
ference at Hot Springs, Va. The next
year she began her association with
the U. N.
All has not been sweetness and light
for Mrs. Pandit in the U. N Only last
spring she was rejected in the Security
Council in the race for secretary general
to succeed Trygve Lie of Norway She
was regarded as a Russian candidate
but colleagues said she preferred not
to be tagged as candidate of either
Russia or the West.
Americans frequently have been wary
OF Indias position, feeling that it leans
too much toward Russia. However, Mrs.
Pandit declared when she was ambas-
sador here that India wishes to keep
completely clear" of any power blocs.
Evening star., 1953-09-16
Petite but Outstanding in World Affairs
By Arthur H. Koonce

EOR Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit,
l. the presidency Of the United Ma
tions General Assembly is but another
job in international affairs in which
she already was an outstanding figure
This trim, 5-foot. silver-haired,
53-year-old woman has said that in
her native India politics is nothing
but service" Lady diplomats are old
hat there. India had her first one in
the fifth century. Women are unable
to employ their feminine wiles to ad-
vantage. she said. and people there
"are interested only in what do in my
job"
Mrs, Pandit wears colorful saris and
flawleSS hairdos. She is regarded as an
attractive woman. If this has not
helped her career, it at least has not
held her back.
Mrs. Pandit spoke unofficially for
India at the launching Of the United
Nations in San Francisco in 1945. She
is intelligent and eloquent. The next
three years she led the Indian delega-
tion to the U. N She was named her
country'S first ambassador to Russia
in 1947 and the first woman ambassa-
dor to the United States in 1949, serv-
ing two years each in Moscow and
Washington.
Besides holding high diplomatic
positions abroad, Mrs. Pandit has
served in many capacities in her
homeland. She was chairman of the
board of education in her native city
of Allahahad from 1885 to 1897. In
the latter year she became a member
of the Legislative Assembly as well as
minister for local self government and
public health in the united provinces.
She held those jobs for two years and
compiled book, $50 Became a Min
ister." From 1912 to 1914 she was presi-
dent of the All-India Women's. Confer
ence. In the latter year she came to
the United States for the first time on
a speaking tour in the interest of
Indian independence.
After her first years of service in the
U. N. and as ambassador to Moscow and
Washington, Mrs. Pandit returned to
India in 1851 to run for Parliament.
She won overwhelmingly.
But all has not been service in high
positions for Mrs. Pandit. She was
jailed three times during India's long
fight for independence. Her imprison-
ment totaled more than two years. She
fought hard for her country'S freedom
as matter Of principle She said
simply: "The law Of the land was
against the people of the country"
1t was not fight of an oppressed
person. Mrs. Pandit and her brother,
Jawaharlal Nehru who is now Prime
Minister, were born into a wealthy
family. The Indian name of the Nehru
home is translated "a home OF Joy"
The family had swimming pool, large
garden, horses, dogs, carriages and
autos Mrs. Pandit was named Swarup
Kumari, meaning beautiful" She was
educated at home by governess en-
gagged in England while the family was
there on trip when she was s.
At 81 Swarup was married to Ranjit
S. Pandit, a noted lawyer. In ac-
cordance with Hindu custom she was
adopted into her husbands family and
Evening star., 1953-09-16

Mr. Stones half century Of thespianisn. Nature
gave him fine figure and a quick, incisive
mind. He put his own rich intelligence Into
even secondary roles. Thus his portrayal Of
the cardinal in the recent spectacular produc-
tion of 1.-THE Prisoner of Zenda" was a mem
orable contribution to the plot as well as to the
pageantry. He had been the star in the same
piece behind the footlights in 1907 and in the
primary cinema version in 1922. What hap
pened between the latter date and 1853 was
progress on an unprecedented scale and at an
unprecedented pace-progress to which Mr..
Stone devoted his talents unreservedly.
He saw within his own experience the de-
velopment of toy into an authentic cultural
instrument, and he was himself an exemplar
of that great advancement. His art increased
with the growth Of improved techniques and
mechanisms. The value of his acting was de-
mocratized to the pleasure and profit of mil
lions of people. With his skill went his cordial
friendliness. Hundreds of communities counted
Lewis Stone good neighbor.
Evening star., 1953-09-16
This and That
By Charles E. TroceweN

Was she his mother?
Nov am in for it," he thought to
himself.
Mentally he braced himself for the
blow, but it did not fall.
Then he saw how it was. The woman
had been as much annoyed as he had
been, but lacked the initiative to deal
with the situation.
The man quietly waited for the boy
(the old man and the whistler, not the
sea- to resume his whiStling.
What would he, the shutter upper,
do in that case?
Would he try his voice of command
again, or suffer humiliation in silence?
Fortunately for his pride, the boy
got off at the second stop, still without
uttering sound.
The boy swung across the car tracks
and made for a place where he could
bathe his whistler in a cola drink, but
still no sound came forth from that
imitation mockingbird.
X
The old man threw back his shoulders.
"He recognized daddy's voice." he
said to himself. with quiet smile.
He wondered If he could say Jaw,
shut up," to the fat woman two seats
ahead.
Evening star., 1953-09-16

She was telling about her trials and
tribulations of the day before, and how
Junior had swallowed the tip end of
an evergreen.
Evergreens are prickly, and nobody
should swallow the end, tip or otherwise.
Junior, however, he gathered, had
done just that.
II smacked him on the back" said
the fat woman, land he turned red in
the face"
What did you do them" asked her
friend.
What she had done then. the mother
said, was to turn Junior upside down
and shake him even more vigorously.
BY this time, she intimated, he had
begun to turn purple.
The old man. listening, started to
hum "Over the Rainbow"
II shook him, and shook him, and
shook him." went on the mother.
"One more shake" said the old man
to himself, land it's up"
Sure enough, one more shake did it.
II shook him." cried the mother, land
up it camel
The listener groaned and spoke
softly. "Aw. shut up." he said, but the
woman did not hear him.
Evening star., 1953-09-16
Impressions Of q
Mountain Town

Its little streets are redolent Hith boz
And tresh-cut grass; Wtth fences
green or tDhite, ..."
Back gardens rich in heliotrope and
phlor
Breathe softly on the silUer-tinted
night
While traffic In q Teper ending stream
PourS in from nearby hills and out
again,
The small toun slun1bers In UGkin0
dream,
Untouched By thoughts that scar the
souls OF men.
Here, neither very rich nor Derv poor.
The people liUe their calm, tDetl-
ordered liUeS:
While as for money, some may Dtsh
for more,
Within these mountains real con-
tentment thriueS,
And strangers passing through haze
paused to say
That such a totDn Uould be their home
some day.
Grace Z. Botehelos
Evening star., 1953-09-16
Political Test in New Jersey

An off-year straw in the wind" political
campaign is getting under way up in New
Jersey this month"; and when the voting is
completed on November the Republican and
Democratic high commands probably will be
searching eagerly for significant trends.
The contest is a gubernatorial one being
fought almost entirely on local issues but with
the shadow of Eisenhower versus Stevenson
lowering in the background. Actually, there
has been no indication that either of the ma
tional candidates of last fall will intervene in
the New Jersey fight. Intervention followed by
defeat or even by unimpressive victory for
their favored candidate would involve greater
loss Of prestige than the stakes warrant. The
fact remains, however, that the New Jersey
results will be given meaning by the analysts
In terms of a sampling of what may be national
reaction toward the two major parties.
With Republican Governor Driscol barred
by law from running for reelection, the Re-
publicanS have nominated Paul L. Troast,
construction company executive who has never
before run for public office. The Democratic
candidate Is Robert B. Meyner, an attorney
Since 1910, no Democrat has won major Office
In New jersey and, ironically, the Democratic
campaign now is being pitched primarily on
charges of corruption against the Republican
of1ceholders and on the time for a change"
last years national campaign. The Republicans
are emphasizing record of keeping the State
solvent and running it efficiently without
either sales or income tax and the lowest per
capita State tax load in the country, substantial
State aid to education, improvements in the
highway system (Mr. Troast has been head of
the State authority which planned financed
and built the New Jersey Turnpike), and the
Turing of considerable new industry into the
State in the past decade.
President Eisenhower carried New Jersey
last fall by approximately 100000 votes while
Senator Smith was winning reelection by about
100000 votes. Governor Driscoll won in 1949 by
only $4,000 votes Even the Republican spokes-
men acknowledge that their candidate must
better the Driscoll mark if the result is not to
be interpreted as a cooling off toward the
Republican national administration, and per-
hapS toward President Eisenhower himself.
Evening star., 1953-09-16
LAWYERS Who Switch Sides

noted with considerable interest
the splendid editorial which appeared
in The Star of September 8, Lawyers
Who Switch Sides"
Your important journal is to be
commended for bringing to the atten-
ton of ~your readers the Importance
of the recent resolution of Attorney
General Brownell, restricting activities
of former Government lawyers or other
employees during a two-year period
following the termination of their Fed
eral service, and as the editorial states,
the ruling never has been enforced.
Information as to the ruling not be-
ing enforced does not come to us as
any great surprise because Senate
committee was told in February. 1947,
by then Assistant Attorney General,
Evening star., 1953-09-16
Start Digging Here

The Senate's Juvenile Delinquency Investi-
eating Committee will not have to 60 far to
fnd an ideal spot to begin digging. The pre-
hmtnary inquiry begun by the committee staff
Il sure to show that Washington is fruitful
neld Of research for those concerned with the
youth-in-crime problem. The committee could
render valuable service to the Nation and to
fts Capital by launching ful-scale investiga-
hon Of the alarming rise in juvenile delinquency
here.
Chairman Hendrickson of the committee is
known to favor a comprehensive study of local
crime conditions among the younger genera
ton. The final decision will be made by the
committee as a whole after receipt of recon-
mendations from staff members conducting the
preliminary check. The committee is acting
under Senate resolution authorizing Nation
wide investigation. Cities which are the chief
eenters of juvenile lawlessness will receive
special attention. Washington, unfortunately,
qualities for such attention, as The Stars recent
survey Of conditions here revealed.
While The Stars articles cited no organized
gang problem of the type that disgraces some
other large cities, they contained ample evi-
dence of a serious situation involving very
young hoodlums and criminalS-operating as
lone wolves or in groupS-bent on more than
mischief Police have encountered 15-year- r-olds
Will uISldr LOOlS ana RECORDS OF 1elOnl-
Gus crimes. Rowing mobs of muggers and thieves
have terrorized some communities Even few
boys not yet in their teens have become known
rs criminal repeaters. Juveniles were involved
In 80 per cent of the more serious crimes COM
mitted in the District in fiscal 1953 as COM
pared with q per cent in 1852 and "a per cent
IN 1851. Included were murders, rapeS, rob-
berries and assaults with dangerous weapons.
A senatorial inquiry undoubtedly would
uncover what The Star found in it's survey,
namely, that there is a distressing lack of
1nteragency coordination in the attack on
Juvenile crime in this city. An intensive, OBJ
1ective study, with carefully prepared recon-
mendations, would be helpful in bringing about
better integration in this sadly neglected
field. Any reforms proposed here should be of
interest to other cities faced with similar prob
lens. The Nations Capital should be model
for other cities to follow, rather than an ex-
ample of poor progress in dealing with youthful
outlaws.
Evening star., 1953-09-16
Mr.. Stevenson Reports

There was what might be called a decent
minimum OF partisanship in Adlai Stevenson's
report and comment on his recent trip around
the world.
The burden of his address was an appeal
for new initiative" in seeking an agreement
with Russia and a reduction of armamentS.
The question here is what Is meant by a new
initiative. Certainly President Eisenhower Is
not opposed to renewed discussions with the
SovietS provided there is some reasonable
prospect Of worthwhile results. The attitude
of the administration seems to be that nego-
tiation should be on a step-by- step basis; that
a settlement of the Korean war should precede
a general discussion of Far Eastern issues, and
that, for instance, an Austrian settlement
should come before any meeting to deal with
the more comprehensive Western differences.
Past experience-unhappy experience-in deal
ing with the Russians indicates that there is
wisdom in this approach.
Governor Stevenson on the other hand,
seems to favor one more try on the grand
scale-one more attempt to find through a
comprehensive conference at least the founda-
tionS for secure settlement He indicates
that he has no great faith in the efficacy of
such an undertaking, but he argues that to
make the attempt, and fail, would at least
expose the bad faith of those on the opposite
side of the conference table,
This is a question on which respectable
opinion may and does differ. There are those
who share the Stevenson view; others are
inclined toward the attitude of the admin
iStration.
Underlying this disagreement, however, If
it may really be called that, is one firm, heart
ening fact, 1t is clear from what Governor
Stevenson had to say that there is no funda-
mental difference between his and the Presi-
dents appraisal of the world situation, nor is
there any substantial conflict as to the over
riding Importance of finding acceptable solu-
tions to world problems. To the extent that
there is difference, it runs to timing and
methods. In this area, debate serves a con-
structive and useful purpose-provded, OF
course, that it is debate on the high level and
not mere partisan snipng.
Evening star., 1953-09-16
Letters to The Star,

that ''for 35 years or more the admin
istrations had merely given lip serv-
Ice to the enforcement Of the anti
trust laws"
1t has been most discouraging to the
few Of us who honestly and sincerely
represent independent business to find,
every so often, high Government Of
flcials when they leave the Govern
ment employ, either directly or in
directly representing clients who have
had or do have major cases under con-
sideration by Government bureaus, all
of which cases contain charges by the
Government of violations of Federal
statutes.
1t is our hope that the action of
the Attorney General, as ably expressed
in your editorial, will not be another
Zip service" action
The law must be enforced to the
limit if the free enterprise system and
small business is to remain in our
economy.
George J. Burger,
Vice President in Charge Washing.
ton Office, National Federation
of Independent Business.
Evening star., 1953-09-16
Lewis Stone

Few actors of his time were as popular as
Lewis Stone The pictures in which he played
the part of the father of Andy Hardy were
largely responsible for the hold which he had
upon the public. But he was an artist of dis
tinction long before he was teamed with Mickey
Rooney. His career on the speaking stage be-
gan in 1900 when he was only 81. The first of
his silent movies was filmed in 1915, his original
talkie in 1928. Except for military service in
both World Wars, he was in "show business
all his active life.
Great love of his work obviously inspired
Evening star., 1953-09-16
Too Much Tree Trimming

Many residents of New Hampshire
avenue, NV. are disturbed by the man
ner in which the grand old elms along
the street are being overturned"
Some appear to be almost mutilated.
Nothing is being put on to keep the
main trees from bleeding or to prevent
the base. where big limbs are sawed off,
from decaying.
Protests over removal of branches
with green leaves are met with the
assertion that they are too near the
houses. Other branches on which the
leaves have turned early on account of
the drought and the fall season, but
would leaf out again next summer, are
also landing in the cleanup truck. 1t
looks as if some of this work is done
merely to make jobs for the tree crews
rather than to get rid of dead limbs.
More supervision appears needed by
top officials who really are interested
in saving the elms.
Too Jealous ee-trimming is also not
ed in other sections of the city. Per-
haps these officials should visit Paris
where sightseeing lecturers say there
Evening star., 1953-09-16
-AP Wirephoto.

She described the position as "aloof"
and not neutral" She believed 1t was
possible" with sincere efforts on both
sides for the United States and Russia
to live together in peace but would not
say it was probable" She said India
hoped her friendship for all would con-
tribute to world peace.
Mrs. Pandit headed an Indian cul-
tural mission to Peiping last year. She
reported back to Parliament that the
mission was impressed by some ad-
vances made under the Communist
regime. but said the Red methods are
exceedingly drastic and do not fit in
with my concept Of democracy"
Only a few weeks ago the United
States fought to block Indian partici-
patton in the political conference on
Korea. Some quarters felt that India
had remained too aloof from the U. N.
military action against Red. aggression.
Having won its point in conflning
deliberations on the future of Korea
to those nations which played a mill
tary role there, the United States then
decided to back Mrs. Pandit for the
Assembly preSidency-she was a fully
qualified candidate-thus soothing In
dia's injured feelings and setting inter-
national amity Alright.
Mrs. Pandit has proved herself an
able and tactful diplomat in some i'm
portant posts. Now the world will have
a chance to see how this tiny, charming
woman will meet problems in the in
ternational arena with scores Of tough
and willy male diplomats.
Evening star., 1953-09-16
Ice Box Deaths

Another ice box death of two chill
dren is in the news The campaign to
prohibit abandonment of refrigerating
devices without removal of their doors
is fine, but grown-ups, careless as they
are and children inquisitive and play
full as they are, require additional safety
measures to help them.
Why not make simultaneous attack
at the source of the trouble-the box
builders. Perhaps factory installation
of fool-proof devices for easily open
ing the doors from the inside should
be required. Or is it necessary to "re-
quire" such things?
E. H. ClOcker.
Evening star., 1953-09-16
The Trieste Deadlock

Theoretically at least, Premier Pella of
Italy has made reasonable proposal in urging
Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia to assent to
plebiscite to determine which of the two coun-
tries should have possession of the Free Terri
tory Of Trieste. There is little or no chance,
however, that the proposal will get very far
unless France Britain and the United States
can persuade the Rome and Belgrade govern
ments to use it as basis for negotiating COM
promise settlement.
AS matters stand, Tito is firmly on record
as declaring that there must be population
corrections" in the Trieste area before he
will even consider the idea of plebiScite His
contention is that scores of thousands of Yugo-
slavs (mostly Slovenes) were driven from the
territory during Mussolinis dictatorship. This
is gross exaggeration, of course, but he is
making the most of 1t, insisting that there can
be no vote in line with the Pella proposal unless
and until there is agreement to give due weight
to these scores Of thousands in the balloting.
Actually, in advancing this non-factual
argument, Tito has made clear that he is afraid
of plebiscite in Trieste. He is afraid of it for
the simple reason that the port city and
number of outlying communities are inhabited
predominantly by Italians. Accordingly, any
vote to determine the Free Territory's future
status would go against him and be over
whelmingly in favor of Italy, and that is why
he is against such a vote unless he Is granted
impossible concessions in the form of population
corrections" designed to offset Italy's present
advantage.
Tito'S own proposal for settling the issue is
similarly unacceptable to Italy Instead of
pleblscite, he has called for plan under which
the port city would be internationalzed Gas
provided forFin the outmoded Italian peace
treaty of 1946) and all the hinterland of the
Free Territory handed over to YugoSlavia-a
plan that has been understandably rejected and
ridiculed by the Italians, the more so because
OF the 1948 Anglo-French-Am declaration
advocating that the entire Trieste area be made
part of their country.
Despite the 1948 declaration, however
France, Britain and the United States have been
urging Italy and Yugoslavia to keep on striving
through bilateral negotiations, for compromise
agreement. But the negotiating effort has been
a dismal failure up to now, and there is scant
reason to suppose that the latest proposals and
counterproposals from Premier Pella and Mar
shal Tito will lead to break in the deadlock
deadlock that has hardened in recent days as
a result of harsh and threatful talk emanating
from both sides.
Since the Western Big Three-particularly
Britain and the United States-are directly
involved in this complicated issue, they have
a special responsibility to do everything possible
to improve the present atmosphere and en-
courage renewal of Yugoslav-Italian negotia-
tions on the basis of realistic middle-ground
proposals capable of leading to a sound COM
promise. Short of that, Trieste will be source
of constant friction potentially dangerous to all
parties concerned.
Evening star., 1953-09-16
'ScuIe Of Discomfort

Mark Twain allegedly once said:
Everybody talks about the weather, but
no one does anything about it." So
here is something that we can do about
it, at least psychologically:
AS every one knows, the temperature
alone does not account for our discom-
fort in hot weather; the relative
humidity also must be considered. With
a temperature of only 80 degrees, we
can feel mighty uncomfortable if the
relative humidity is 80 per cent
So 1 am suggesting a scale of dis
comfort to be arrived at by adding to-
gether the degrees of temperature and
percentages of relative humidity and
dividing the result by 2. The figure
thus obtained will be the degree of
discomfort.
THY
Evening star., 1953-09-16
Questions and Answers

reader can get the answer to any question
Of fact by writing The Evening star inIoIms-
D. c. Please inclose three t3I cents for return
postage.