davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-01-20
Whut Would Jefferson Soy?

If Thomas Jefferson, reSplendent In
green homespun and brass buttons,
were suddenly to appear outside the
White House on Inauguration day, the
scene would cause him to remove his
periwig and scratch his head in be-
wilderment. He would still recognize
paint and the addition of a new ball
cony. But the battery of television
cameras and the tiers of wooden seats
stretching down Pennsylvania avenue
would likely make him mutter, "Things
were never like this in my day!"
Yet, it was Jefferson who, as we'll as
being the first President inaugurated
in Washington also started the fashion
Of inaugural parades.
Trains and steamboats, were still in
the future when Jefferson rode down
Pennsylvania avenue. The faint glow
of the industrial revolution was just ap-
was no State Department, no Treasury
Building. There were few cheering
spectators to mark his progress. The
United States consisted of l3 States
with population of 100000. Each
succeeding President saw more build
ings erected along the Avenue, more
citizens crowding the streets, as
America came to world power. The his
toric cavalcade spans the history of the
Republic from its infancy to it's present
greatness.
Before he died, Jefferson prophesied,
"The election of President of America,
some years hence, will be much more
interesting to certain nations >. than
ever the election of King of Poland"
Russell HI. Argent.
Evening star., 1953-01-20

Every time this column incautiously
carries letter about lost parakeet. it
receives letters to the intent:
"This could be my parakeet."
Then again, it couldn't.
In practically 100 out of 100 cases
it isn't, but the persons with lost pets
cling to hope.
He or she, seeing something about
a blue parakeet, instantly thinks Of the
lost bird, also blue, and there you are.
The trouble is that too much time
has gone by, even if the bird seen by
some one might have proved to be the
one desired.
The chances are that the bird has
flown away with the group Of sparrows
to which it has attached itself.
It seems that the increasingly popular
parakeets are always getting out. or
loose.
It is in their blood
A window or a door open an inch.
and away it goes. to freedom, or so
it thinks.
Freedom, evidently. is as dear to the
parakeet heart as it Is to any other
wild bird.
Let there be no mistake. this little
beauty is wild, though now often
domesticated.
He longs for the wide open spaces,
the wider and the opener. the better.
Evening star., 1953-01-20
Advice for New Regime

propose that the new adminiStra-
ton expend all their energies looking
ahead instead of attempting to show
how poorly their predecessors may have
administered the Government by re-
viewing all the actions of those prede-
cessors.
In 1925 Attorney General Writ voiced
a choice thought on this matter in a
well-considered opinion to President
John Quincy Adams.
g.. 1t is but decent degree of re-
spect for each administration to enter
tain of its predecessor, to suppose it
as well qualified as itself to execute the
laws according to the intention of their
makers: and not to set an example Of
review and reversal which, in its turn,
may be brought to bear upon itself, and
thus keep the acts of the Executive
perpetually unsettled and af1oat +.
although partial injuries may now and
then remain unredressed by the opera
ton of this, in common will all other
general rules; yet it is better to bear
that partial evil, or leave it to legisla-
tive redress, than to introduce the
more extensive and incalculable evils
which must result from considering all
the past acts of all the past Executives
as open to reconsideration and read
judication at the pleasure of the in
dividuals who were interested in them"
H. r. Prince.
Norfolk, Va.
Evening star., 1953-01-20
This and That

He seeks the open sky, and the cold
wind, and doesn't mind either.
This ought to set the worrying mind
of the owner at some rest, at least;
little Timmy, or whatever his name is.
probably is doing all right with his
new sparrow friends.
Parakeets come from mountainous
countries in South America, where
there is perpetual snow.
They have faced hardship for
centuries.
There is not likely to be any
weather around here worse than their
ancestors have undergone in nature.
They revel in fresh air, cold winds,
even snow and sleet.
Despite their beauty, they are strong
and hardy.
What they need. as seed eaters, is
plenty of seed.
That is where you come in.
X
There is a strange breed of bird
lover" as they like to call themselves,
who have built up. in their own minds,
the idea that they are helping birds by
killing cats and some species of birds.
To listen to their rawlings, you might
think no song sparrow ever ate with
common sparrows, and that no garden
had both cats and birds together.
Nature gives them the lie.
Evening star., 1953-01-20
New Commissioner of Patents

It is gratifying that in picking man for
such key post as Commissioner Of Patents,
President-elect Eisenhower has relied on the
advice of professional men rather than poll
ticians. Robert G. Watson past president Of
the American Patent Law Association, was
proposed for the commiSSionership by that or
ganEation and by the patent section OF the
American Bar Association. He was the sole
choice" of the former body and the preferred
candidate Of the latter.
In the past the preferences of such profess
sional groups often were ignored in the selection
of men for Offices usually held by members Of
the legal fraternity. Many judgeships have
been filled in recent years by persons not on
the lists of candidates favored by local or
national law groups. Partisan considerations
were major factor in some Of these appoint
ments. Mr.. Watson, however, is not poll
tician. A native Washingtonian, his only
political activity has been that Of voter in
Montgomery County, where he is registered
as q Republican. He has never met General
Eisenhower or Secretary of Commerce designate
Evening star., 1953-01-20
Some Lines With Historic Continuity
By Robert K. WaIsh

INAUGURAL ADDRESSES Of 1.-THE
i Presidents could fit into the motto of
the United States itself-E PluribuS
Unun-one from many.
The IL messages previous to this in
auguration day vary in length. scope,
style, suggestions, circumstances and
personal characteristics. Yet, they hew
remarkably to line of historic con-
tinuity-not as presidential platitudes
but in democratic inspiration, reverent
invocation and responsible intention.
What Abraham Lincoln, on assuming
the presidency, called the mystic
chords of memory" echoing now as
they do from 1889 to 1858, still add in
augural themes to continually for
ward moving chorus of national unity.
Here, then, is an inaugural message
delivered by no one President but con-
tributed by many. These single SEN
tenceS, each from a different President
at his inauguration. seem to support
James Monroe'S conclusion: THE
events of one year have influence on
those Of another and, in like manner,
Of preceding on succeeding admins
tration. The movements of a great
Nation are connected in all their parts"
On the first Inauguration day. Presi-
dent Washington told his fellow coun-
trymen: 1.-THE preservation of the
sacred fire of liberty and the destiny of
the republican model Of government
are justly considered - perhaps as
deeply, as finally-staked on the expert
ment intrusted to the hands of the
American people. -.
What other form of government,
indeed, can so well deserve our love and
esteem?" President Adams asked.
I'VE are firmly convinced" President
: Jefferson replied, land we act on that
conviction, that with nations as with
individuals our interests, soundly cal
culated. will never be found inseparable
from our moral duties. =.
"The present situation in the world"
President Madison reported, "is indeed
without parallel and that of our own
country full of difficulties. :.
II shall do all can to assure econ
omy and fidelity in this important
branch Of the administration" Presi-
dent Monroe promised. land I doubt
not that the Legislature will perform
its duties with equal zeal.
"A rigorous accountability of public
expenditures, President John Quincy
Adams specified, Should guard against
the aggravation and alleviate when pos
sible the burden of taxation. :.
I'm administering the laws of Con-
gress." President Jackson pledged, Il
shall keep steadily in view the limita-
tions as well as the extent of executive
power. >.
"All the lessons of history and ex-
perience." President Van Buren, warned,
must be lost upon us if we are con-
Evening star., 1953-01-20

tent to trust alone to the particular
advantages we happen to possess.
THE great danger to our inStitu-
tions." President William Henry Har-
rison cautioned. "does not appear to me
to be usurpation by the Government
of power granted by the people. but by
the accumulation in one of the depart
ments of that which was assigned to
others:
Without solicitation on my part"
President Polk explained. II have been
chosen by the free and voluntary Suf-
frages Of my countrymen to the most
honorable and most responsible Office
on earth.
1T is to be hoped" President Taylor
continued, that no international ques-
tion can now arise which a Govern
ment, confident of its own strength and
resolved to protect its just rights. may
not settle by wise negotiation. -.
I'm the administration of domestic
affairs" President Pierce added, you
expect devoted integrity in the public
service and rigid economy in all de-
partments so marked as never justly to
be questioned. >.
Next in Importance to the main
tenance of the Constitution and the
Union," President Buchanan Summa-
rized, lis the duty of preserving the
Government free from the taint or even
the suspicion of corruption. :.
Neither party" President Lincoln
said. expected for the war the magni-
tude or the duration which it has
already attained. 80.
1T is either this" President Grant
avowed, cor war of determination
Let me assure my countrymen of the
Southern States" President Hayes de-
clared, "that it is my earnest desire to
regard and promote their truest
interest.
Freedom can never yield its fullness
of blessings" President Garfield en-
phasized, 80 long as the law or it's
administration places the smallest OBJ
stacle in the pathway of any virtuous
citizen.
"He who takes the oath today to pre-
serve. protect and defend the Consti-
tution." President Cleveland reminded,
Evening star., 1953-01-20
RumbIings on Labor Front

'President-elect Eisenhower's relations with
the large segment of labor represented by the
Congress of Industrial Organizations are likely
to suffer a cooling-off reaction, now that he
has named two American Federation of Labor
officials to the top-ranking posts in the Labor
Department. There was definite suggestion
of coolness in the CLOS comment on the ap-
pointment of Lloyd D. Mashburn of the AFL
Metal Lathers' Union as Undersecretary Of
Labor-a post coveted by the CIO to counter
balance the selection of Martin Durkin of the
AFL as Secretary of Labor. The CIO disclaimer
of any interest in patronage had terse note
that may foreShadow trouble for the new
administration.
The CIO had accepted philosophically the
appointment of Mr.. Durkin. In fact Walter
Reuther, president of the CIO, wrote General
Eisenhower a letter of congratulations and
appreciation" for his "wise" choice of Mr..
Durkin. He proposed, however, that considera-
ton be given to appointing CIO representa-
tive to the undersecretaryship and asked for an
opportunity to present his views to the general
In friendly reply, the President-elect explained
that he was leaving all such appointments in
the department to Mr.. Durkin and suggested
that Mr. Reuther get in touch with the Sec
retary-designate. The CIO head said he would
do that. few days later came the announce
The CIO comment on the second AFL
selection was in striking contrast to the cordial
tone of Mr.. Reuther's letter OF appreciation on
the Durkin nomination. The only desire Of the
CIO in urging appointment of CIO man as
Undersecretary, it was stated, was to "help
strengthen the Department of Labor" The
CIO release added that it would Judge the
Eisenhower administration by its actions as
they affect the welfare of the American people
and not by the number Of appointments which
CIO representatives may receive to public
positions"
It was inevitable-and unfortunate-that
the designation of an active labor official should
have caused tug of war between the rival
AFL and CIO over the Labor Department. To
Senator Taft such an appointment was Gin
credible" It was not however. unprecedented,
for President Hoover named William N. Doak,
an official of the Railway Trainmen, as Labor
Secretary, and two former union leaders had
served in that post previously. There was not
in those days, however, the wide breach In
labors ranks that exists between the AFL and
CIO today. In recent years 1t had been the
practice to reach outside these two organiza-
tions for the top job in the Department of
Labor, with division of lesser posts in the
department among various unions.
It is reassuring to know that the CIO does
not contend that it has right to be represented
on the department staff. Nor should the AFL
feel that it has been given mandate to run
the department In the interest Of any particu-
lar labor group. The Department Of Labor
belongs to all the people, whoever happen to be
the Secretary and Undersecretary Of Labor.
Evening star., 1953-01-20
This Day and Our Heritage

Despite the hoopla attendant on it. this is
essentially solemn and majestic day because
of what it symbolizes and reaffirms in the con-
tinuing constitutional life of our Republic. What
it symboli7es and reaff1rmS is the happy reality
that we are nation of free men and free wom
en- whose free vote determines-without any
dissenting challenge in the form of either speech
or force-who shall head and direct our demo-
cratic Government.
That is what this historic Tuesday signifies
above everything else. 1t is the climactic point
in the quadrenRial political process through
which the American people-whether voting to
retain party in office or voting to cast it out
in favor of another-have succeeded for more
than 100 years in preserving their liberties.
They have done so by holding fast, in practice
and principle to the Self-evident truth that
governments can derive their just powers only
from the consent of the governed. And the an
questioning acceptance of that truth-a truth
that has been crushed to earth in many lands
by forms of despotism much older than democ-
racy-is the great fact that is ritually under
scored when the retiring Chief Executive, as his
last official act rides with his successor to the
SWearing-in ceremonies at the Capitol.
This particular Inauguration day marks
the fifteenth time since 1889 that control of the
Federal Government has passed from one polit-
significance of the occasion, of the orderlinesS
of the tremendous shift involved and of the
friendly calm and patriotism of the ceremony
inducing the hew Chief Executive have been
we'll summed up by Mr.. Truman in his farewell
address to the Nation. AS he has put it, the
event is truly "a great demonstration of our
democratic process. am glad to be part of it
glad to wish General Eisenhower all possible
success, as he begins his term-glad the whole
world will have a chance to see how simply and
how peacefully our American system transfers
the vast power of the presidency from my
hands to hts. It is a good object lesson in
democracy"
In world where individual liberty, enlight-
ened self-government and the independence of
nations have been wiped out in an ever-widen
ing area by the forces of tyranny, this heritage
of ours is surely precious beyond calculation But
there is nothing to guarantee that it is ours to
have and to hold forever-nothing, that is, un-
less there is maintained in our country an un-
shatterabe resolve to see to it, at whatever cost,
that American freedom continues to prevail
now and in the future against its enemies every
where at home and abroad. The hoopla not
withstanding, today is uniquely fitting one for
all of us to renew in our hearts that kind Of
resolve. The times demand it as never before.
Evening star., 1953-01-20
Controlled Music

AS citizen, a musician and sup
porter of the National Symphony Or
chestra, protest the action of the inau-
gural committee ip canceling "A Lin
coin Portrait" by Aaron COPELAND, which
was scheduled for the inaugural con-
cert.
Must Congress now pass on all SYM
phony programs before the players can
begin to rehearse? And what of the ma
tion-wide program of hundreds of solo
and smaller ensemble artists? Musical
programs can, of course, be controlled.
Not too long ago, Adolf Hitler, arbiter
of musical programs in Germany, SIM
plified things by banning in toto the
works of Mendelssohn. It was a simple
matter.
Margaret TOlsOn.
Evening star., 1953-01-20
Letters to The Star
Pen-7,1n,es may be used If letters carry
,Driters' c,rrect names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.

lantic Ocean. If the world has got to
face the certainty of war, then I think
it is high time that civilization call it
day."
There were tears in his eyes as he
spoke. am sure he meant every word
he said And his actions since that day
prove. beyond question. that he did
mean these words.
But the generals true passion for
peace is not the only reason Americans
like Ike. We believe he, above all
others, can unite the American people,
and the whole of the free world. Any
man who could unite the Republican
Party, can surely draw together Re-
publicans and Democrats, labor and
capital, the intelligentsia and the man
in the street.
Genevieve G. Hubbard.
Evening star., 1953-01-20
She Beut the Bondwoeon

We Americans feel that our new
President is the one man best-qualified
to bring unity and peace to the free
world Many of us have been Ike
minded ever since 1945. became an
Ike-fan. when heard the general
testify before the House Military At
fairs Committee, in November of that
year. He had flown from Germany.
Representatives Arends. Republican, Of
Illinois. was questioning him:
Gen. Eisenhower, I would like to
ask you if you feel that there is no
chance of effectuating a lasting world
peace"
Gen. Eisenhower replied:
"Mr. Congressman, if did not think
there was chance of that, would
not be here. I would have jumped out
Of my plane in the middle of the At
Evening star., 1953-01-20
Trumon's 'Corping Critics,

This letter is about the David Law
renee column, Truman Buoys Red
Propaganda" which appeared jan
uary Is. Speaking in my professional
capacity as an analyst of Soviet radio
propaganda, I hasten to point out that
whereas Mr.. Truman'S public state
ments are generally given the silent
treatment by Radio Moscow, attacks on
him by American pundits are consist
emily given heavy play. One reason, of
course, is that our Chief Executives
statements and his official acts have
generally been most painful to the men
of the Kremlin-whereas the carping
of his habitual American critics. far
from hurting the Soviet cause, is ex-
tremely useful to them, propaganda
wise.
"You see," ESQ runs the Moscow line)
"even the well-known American COL
umnist, Christopher Stromboli, asserts
that Truman is petty politician, an
incompetent bungler, a megalomaniac
and a coward
Now, I am not suggesting that Con-
gress enact sort of embargo on grist
for the Soviet propaganda mills.
would merely remind Mr.. Lawrence
that: Cd There is very grim war on
between the Soviet Union and the free
world. ca The Kremlin bosses are pin
ming their hopes for ultimate victory on
internal frictions and pickering within
the opponents camp. CO The officer
relieved in April. 1851, by his Com
mander in Chief (MacArthur) was
given every opportunity to pit his
strategic concepts against those of the
Joint Chiefs in open hearings which
lasted six weeks. "a If it hadn't been
for Mr.. Trumans courage, the Com
munists might now be ruling all Of
Evening star., 1953-01-20

'only assumes the solemn obligation
which every patriotic citizen should
share with him. -.
Let those who would die for the flag
give an even better proof of their
patriotism and a higher glory to their
country" President Benjamin Harri-
SON urged. ''by promoting fraternity
and justice. =.
There are some national questions, /"
President Mckinley maintained, '"in
the solution of which patriotism should
exclude partisanship.
I'VE wish peace" President Theodore
Roosevelt proclaimed, "but we wish the
peace Of justice, the peace of right
eousness; we wish it because it is right
and not because we are afraid. -.
I'VE should be blind to existing con-
ditions and should allow ourselves to
become foolish idealists if we did not
realize" President Taft advised, "that.
with nations Of the world armed and
prepared for war, we must make our
selves in similar condition.
Here" exclaimed President Wilson,
muster the forces not of party but of
humanity. =.
Mankind" President Harding
pleaded, needs worldwide benedic-
ton of understanding. 49,.
"One of the greatest dangers to
peace" President Coolidge commented,
lies in the economic pressure to which
people find themselves subjected. i. .
Surely" President Hoover hoped,
civilization is old enough, surely man
kind is mature enough, so that we
ought in our own lifetime to find way
to permanent peace. :.
"We can gain no lasting peace"
President Franklin D. Roosevelt held,
''if we approach it with suspicion and
miStruSt or with fear. -.
Every period of our national history
has had its special challenges" Presi-
dent Truman observed. "Those that
now confront us are as momentous as
any in the past. Today marks the
beginning not only of a new adminis-
tration but of a period that will be
eventful, perhaps decisive, for us and
for the world
And now, President Eisenhower. q. .
Evening star., 1953-01-20
To Correct on Inequity

The Civil Service Commissions request that
Congress repeal the ill-considered Thomas leave
rider which prevents accumulation of leave by
Federal employees, shouldA be needed promptly.
Repeal is needed to make amends for breach
of faith with Government workers. 1t is needed,
also, to restore in the departments an orderly,
equitable system of apportioning leaves.
AS in the case with most riders on appro-
priation bills, the leave amendment was adopted
as an economy measure without benefit of study
or advice by either of the Civil Service Commit
tees. 1t is always unwise to bypass such groups
when matters of such complexity and impor-
tance as Federal leave are to be voted on In TAX
ing the short cut, Congress overlooked the fact
that it had promised Federal workers, when
leave was curtailed by an earlier act, that accu-
mutation of leave from one fiscal year to an
other would be permitted. Retiring Chairman
RamSpeck of the Civil Service Commission was
right in contending that Congress Broke its
word when it approved the Thomas rider, re-
quiring employees TO use up all their leave within
the fiscal year or lose it. The trouble with this
edict was that it was manifestly unfair to work.
ers in some of the buster offices, where the rush
of emergency work prevented their taking vaca-
tions when they wanted to. These unfortunate
public servants have been penalized for staying
on their jobs, while others enjoyed rest and
recreation.
The leave rider will remain in force until
Congress takes definite action to cancel it. This
action ought to be taken at the earliest oppor-
tunity. The good faith of Congress is involved.
Evening star., 1953-01-20

Sinclair Weeks, under whom he will serve. He
has devoted all his energies to his patent law
firm. and to the advancement of his profession
and of the patent system. AS an understanding
friend Of that system, he is exceptionally well
qualified to. take over administration Of the
Patent ONCE.