davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-07-06
Thonoos L. Stokes:
Ihonos [. Stokes:
Capitalize on Satellites Unrest
Resolution by Flanders and 81 Senators Fovong Disarmament
Would Give Hope to Slaves and Emborross Moscow

There has been much hasty
Scrambling around here over
ways to capitalize on the un-
rest and rebelliouS outbreaks
among Russia's eastern Euro
pean satellites, including East
Germany, and to aid and en-
courage the tugging at the
Communist yoke.
The Senate Foreign Rela-
tions Committee came up with
a resolution, which it approved
unanimously, to express the
sympathy Of our Nation,
through Congress, with the
East German revolters, and to
declare our approval Of their
aim Of q unified and free Ger
many.
There is another resolution
all ready and waiting, and has
been since June 3, which would
seem a most fitting corollary
to the one above mentioned. It
has q bigger and broader aim
and carries hope to all people
everywhere who are yearning
for . peaceful world and for
easing Of the crushing burden
Of ornaments which Is made
necessary by the threat of
Russian aggression.
This Is the concurrent reSo-
luton sponsored by Senator
Ralph E. Flanders. Republican,
Of Vermont, and 80 Senators Of
both parties. It would put the
stamp Of approval of Congress
on the disarmament and world
rehabilitation proposal made
by President Eisenhower in his
notable speech before the
American Society of News
paper Editors here last April
16.
That address, which at the
time lifted the spirits of peo-
pie all over the world, has been
submerged meanwhile in the
clamor and confusion over i'm
mediate and plaguing prob
lems-the controversy over how
many billions of dollars our
own defense budget should
Evening star., 1953-07-06
Dovid Lowrence:

President Eisenhower is
either the victim of mistakes
by members of the White
House staff who fail to inform
him on controversial subjects,
before he enters his press con-
ferences. or else he actually
doesn't mind spending the
taxpayers money to give rec
ognition on the shelves of
overseas libraries of the Amer
ican Government to authors of
books on subjects unrelated to
communism written by Com
muniSts or Communist Sympa-
thizers.
It is difficult to accept the
second assumption. It is easier
to believe the first.
The other day at the PreSi-
dents press conference he was
asked about the detective
stories of Dashiell Hammett,
which it was reported to him
by newsman, had been barred
from the shelves Of the State
Departments Libraries abroad.
Mr.. Eisenhower said he
wouldn't have removed such
books, and that somebody
must have been frightened.
Nobody at the press confer
ence, however, told Mr.. Eisen-
hover that what he was really
being asked was to pass judg-
ment on the issue of whether
he favored the use in Govern
ment libraries abroad of books
written by persons who, claim
ing immunity under the fifth
amendment Of the ConStitu-
tion, had refused to answer
questions asked them either by
congressional committees or
the courts. Nor did anybody
mention to the President that
there was something more in
volved in the case of Ham
NETT, namely a denial of such
immunity claim by the Su-
preme Court of the United
States and a jail sentence of
six months for contempt. This
was because of a refusal to
answer questions asked by the
court concerning the records
Evening star., 1953-07-06
Police Charge virginian
Beat Wife With Gun Butt

James F. Wolfrey, At, Of Lor-
ton. Va, has been charged with
felonious assault in the beating
Of his wife who suffered a frac-
tured skull, Fairfax County police
said today.
Police said Wolfrey beat his
wife, Pansy Virginia, Al. with
the butt of a shotgun after an
Evening star., 1953-07-06
Lyon, Discouraged
Over Mines Post, 10
Quit Federal Service
BY the Associated Press

Tom Lyons wants to quit his
post with the Defense Material
Procurement Agency, reported
ly because he is "discouraged
and disgusted" by the events
that led to withdrawal of his
nomination to be Bureau of
Mines director.
General Services Administra-
tor Edward F. Mansure, who also
heads DMPA, told reporters to-
day he has persuaded Mr.. Lyon
to stay on as Acting Deputy Ad-
ministrator until a replacement
can be found in the $15,00O-a-
year job.
Mr.. Lyon, a 65-year-old Salt
Lake City mining engineer, was
nominated by President Eisen-
hover for the Mine Bureau post.
Mr.. Lyon testified before the
Senate Interior Committee that
he is getting an annual $4,000
revocable pension from the Ana
conda Copper Mining Co., for
which he worked for "a years,
and that he dislikes the new
Federal Mine Safety Law, which
he would have had to administer.
This stirred up such opposition
that Gen. Eisenhower formally
withdrew Mr.. Lyons name at
his own request.
Mr.. Mansure said Mr.. Lyon told
him after this incident that he
was "going out of Government
service entirely" as of June 80.
He agreed, however, Mr.. Mansure
said, to remain until a perma-
nent deputy administrator is
found. DMPA is charged with
procuring and stockpiling stra-
tegic metals.
Mr.. Mansure said neither the
White House nor any other
quarter has indicated a desire
that Mr.. Lyon get out of the Gov
ernment.
Evening star., 1953-07-06

provide, the disillusionment
over a Korean truce, the
Squabble over taxes, and such.
But that speech did stir a
responsive chord in the Senate,
and it found a practical We
hicle in the Flanders resolu-
ton, and quite naturally; for
President Eisenhower adopted
an idea originally proposed by
a Senator, and New England
er also-the late Brien Nc
Mahon, Democrat, of Connec-
ticut, who campaigned for it
tirelessly until his untimely
death.
1t envisaged an incentive to
disarmament by providing that,
once disarmament is achieved,
the money formerly devoted to
arms be pooled in a revolving
fund of the United Nations
that would be used to relieve
poverty and distress and to
build up the nder-developed
areas Of the world.
Giving legislative sanction to
the Mcmahon Eisenhower
project, the Flanders resolution
would put us once more on
record for enforceable diSarm-
ament through agreements
within the United Nations, and
would request the President to
continue to seek a practical
program for disarmament and
to develop a plan for the
transfer of resources and man
power now being used for arms
to constructive ends at home
and abroad"
Celebrating further. the res
olution requests the President
to recommend similar action
to the United Nations and
member States, such plans to
give due consideration to the
possibilities for vastly increased
trade with other nations, and
to the vital share which the
United States and other ma
tions should undertake in help
ing to overcome hunger, dis
ease. illiteracy and despair.
which have been among the
Evening star., 1953-07-06

are reducing the East German
armed forces.
Such a solution would re-
duce Germany to complete
impotence even over her in
ternal affairs. It would
mean, in the not so long run.
a total though bloodless Rus
sian victory over the whole Of
Europe.
Yet, I am frankly afraid
that President Eisenhower will
be pressured by France and
Great Britain to accept such q
solution.
There is only one acceptable
alternative to Germany as part
of the European Defense Com
munity and that is not "neu-
tralization," i.e., impotence.
but neutrality in the Swiss
sense: Armed neutrality "a
neutrality able to protect and
defend neutrality.
The Russians could bring no
legitimate arguments against
such a solution. They know
perfectly we'll that except in
alliance with all Europe and
the United States, Germany
could never successfully con-
duct a war against the Soviet
Union. A self-protective neu-
trail status would put Germany
outside any military alliance.
Genuine armed neutrality
would be q blow to hopes for
a united Europe: it would
probably not be to the liking
of the French-one cannot
imagine anything reasonable
that would be. But neutrali-
cation plus demilitarization
would perpetuate the power
vacuum which is the cause Of
the crisis, and would lead, in
exorably. to the surrender Of
the West, the isolation of the
United States, or-to war.
Evening star., 1953-07-06

be uncertain. Stain was a
dictator who held in his hand
the entire military and politi-
cal machinery of the u. S. S. r.
and its satellites. The trium-
virate which succeeded him
has no such power and fol-
lowing by any stretch of the
imagination. It appears to be
in the throeS of an internal
struggle among the three heirs
to the Red mantle: a struggle
which might well mean a
crumbling of the whole sy-
stem.
The insurgence in the satel-
lite countries Is significant
not only because it proves that
peoples who have been free
will willingly die to regain
their freedom but also they
have waited until the masters
death to start their rebellions.
They have taken chances only
when they sensed that the
Kremlin had weakened.
But even if the men in
the Kremlin got together for
the purpose of saving the
headquarters of world COM
munism and decided on
military mpaign it is
doubted in Washington that
the military leaders would
agree to go along. If their
hands were forced we might
see the creation of a number of
military juntas - something
which would be entirely new
in Russia.
Until last year a Red cam
paign against Western Europe
would have been almost a
military march to the Chan
mel, despite the existence Of
the NATO forces. Gen. Mat.
thew Ridgway stated last year
that he thought that his
armies could successfully op-
pose the Russians for about
60 days. His ground troops
commander, Marshal Alphonse
JUN, was less optimistic. He
believed that about 80 days
would be the maximum.
The situation is greatly
changed today, not because
the NATO forces have grown
in any way in strength but
because the Reds must now
reckon with the rebellious
Poles, East Germans and
Evening star., 1953-07-06

ing at Korea, where the ally
has become the enemy"
There is already talk, here,
and in Europe-quiet talk but
in not unimportant circles
of Chancellor Adenauer being
a possible obstacle" to a set
tlement-like Syngman Rhee.
The United States holds
out for free elections in all
zones. Conceivably the Soviets
might grant this-for a price.
The question is what price the
West can afford to pay,
morally and strategically.
The European Defense Com
munity including West Ger
many is still an idea, not a
reality. Never enthusiastically
accepted by Great Britain, it
has been consistently sabo-
tagged by France, and is dying
in Germany of discourage
ment.
The realities of the military
situation and the prevailing
psychological defeatism and
disunity do not create a posture
of strength from which to
hold out for this against the
Soviet peace offensive, while
postponing indefinitely the
liberation of East Germany. A
year and a half ago, when
the SovietS first proposed a
Four Power conference on the
German question. the Western
allies were actually stronger,
because they were more uni
fed, than they are today. It
is entirely unlikely that the
Soviets would yield on this
basic issue, in return for a
"Locarno" to protect Russia.
What the Russians want is
German Naturalization: A
Germany with totally mad
equate means for her own
protection, guaranteed" by
signatures on scraps of paper.
That this is their aim is indi-
Gated by the fact that Russia's
East German henchmen have
already announced that they
Evening star., 1953-07-06
Does Eisenhower Get the Facts?
His Reply to Question on Banning Doshe Hommett Stories
Indicates He Missed the Real Intent Behind the Query

versial figure. Not only did he
refuse to answer questions put
to him by the court but by a
congressional committee which
had asked him about his con-
nection with a large number
of Communist front organiza-
tions. Robert L. johnson, di-
rector Of the State Depart
ment'S information program,
told a press conference six days
before the Presidents meeting
with the newsmen-and the
stories were widely published
that while he had not yet
worked out a directive for the
guidance Of overseas libraries
he didn't himself favor putting
books on Government shelves
abroad by authors who had re-
fused to answer the questions
Of congressional committees by
claiming immunity.
The question is not whether
Mr.. Hammett's books should
be put on the shelves OF Ii
braries generally in the United
States-they should of course
be available to those readers
who wish to select any detec-
tive stories they like. The real
question is whether the Gov
ernment of the United States
itself should give recognition
or prestige to Mr.. Hammett in
communistic circles abroad by
putting his books in overseas
libraries paid for by the Amer
lcan taxpayer. Why, in these
years of unbalanced budgets,
did the Truman administra-
ton spend the taxpayers
money to supply Europeans
with detective stories anyway
and why does the Eisenhower
administration feel it has to
stand back of such a policy
now?
AS for the voters of the
United States, they would
make short shrift of any can
didate for Congress who said
during his campaign that he
approved Of spending their
money for detective stories
written either by Communists
or non-CommuniSts.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1953-07-06

the palaver about teamwork,
they are not a team. They are
practical administrators chan
neled into their special fields
and more or less warned to
stay there.
On the hill, even with Sem
ator Taft to bring up the aver
age, Republican leadership, in
cluding committee chairmen, is
inferior to that of the recent
past. Moreover, in the absence
OF one clear call from the
White House, Congress is play
ing by ear.
There are no signs whatever
that the administration is
making any broad attempt to
devise new goals for this Ma
tion with methods of attain
ing them. Instead, it gives the
impression of being begged
down in its day-to-day prob
lens.
It is hard to believe that this
is a conscious policy deemed
suitable to present world con-
ditions.
The attempt to equate COM
munism with planning, think
ing and intellectuals general
ly, is of course a conscious Nc
Carthy policy. It is no acci-
dent that the Senator was the
prime mover of the book burn
ing. That a supine State De-
partment should yield to him
is surprising. the more so since
Secretary Dulles has the best,
almost the only claim, in the
Eisenhower cabinet to being a
practicing intellectual.
Evening star., 1953-07-06

The case of the Secretary
of State has a weird fascina-
tion of its own. His friends
insist he is only obedient to
the President. A charitable
guess is that, now in the job
he long yearned and worked
for, he will do nothing to
jeopardize it. Certainly he is
giving no light and leading,
with their inevitable risks, to
the White House.
Eric F.. Goldman, associate
professor of history at Prince
ton, suggests in The Saturday
Review that the new admin
istration is conservative but
timid about proclaiming it
despite the fact that the coun-
try now seems receptive to
business leadership. He cites
two major Cabinet officers:
Defense Secretary Wilson who
said, What is good for Gen.
eral Motors is good for the
country" and Treasury Secre-
tary Humphrey who, COM
menting on Hemingway's "The
Old Man and the Sea-" asked,
why would anybody be in
terested in some old man who
was a failure?"
Many Republicans would
cry havoc If their administra-
ton threatened to adopt that
philosophy. Meanwhile. as the
administration hangs sus-
pended on the Eisenhower
personality, its men of achieve
ment are those with the
strongest will and some ad-
vantage Of position.
Evening star., 1953-07-06

of a fund of which he was
chairman and from which
bond had been furnished to
four convicted Communists,
including Gerhard Eisler, who
jumped their bail and escaped.
After the press conference
one correspondent asked a
member Of the White House
staff if the President knew,
when he was discussing Ham
mett's books. that the author
had refused to answer ques-
tions before a congressional
committee. The reply from
the member of the White
House staff was that it could
be assumed that the President
knew that fact.
This has led to published
reports that mere refusal to
answer questions on the ground
that it would be self lf-incrim-
mating to do so doesn't in Mr..
Eisenhower's opinion disqualify
an author from having his
books on the shelves of the
American Government libraries
abroad and that the American
taxpayers should continue to
pay out money for such
purposes.
But such. a view will not be
shared either by Congress or
by many citizens who will ask
why the detective stories of
some other authors who have
not become involved in con-
troversies over Communistic
connections cannot be found
for the overseas libraries-if,
indeed. the law governing
Government purchases does
permit any detective story
books to be bought for those
libraries. The statute would
seem plainly to exclude books
of entertainment, conf1ning
the overseas libraries to books
OF information, but the Tru-
man administration didn't pay
much attention to the wording
OF such laws and it was the
preceding administration which
put all the books now in con-
troversy on the overseas
shelves.
Mr.. Hammett is a contro-
Evening star., 1953-07-06

prime causes of war"
Passage of this resolution
now. in this session of Con-
greSs, would serve once again
to dramatic the fact that it
has been Russia which has
constantly blocked attempts
in the U. N. to get disarm-
ament and international con-
troll of atomic weapons-and
this at a time when Russia is
under pressure in her satellite
constituencies.
The 80 Senators who joined
Senator Flanders in sponsor
ing his resolution represent
every shade Of opinion in the
Senate. Consequently, it
should not be difficult to get
approval of this resolution
which restates the high aims
Of our President and our people
and at a time when this could
be most helpful.
"Its passage" Senator
Flanders said, would reaffirm
to the world the United States
genuine desire for permanent
peace. Such unity in support
of this purpose among all free
nations would result in great
pressure on the Soviet Union
to join such q program. We
have no guarantee that the
pressure would be sufficient to
produce eventual Soviet ac-
ceptance, but 1t is certainly
worth trying. And so long as a
United States offer and a So
Wet refusal are extant, the
Soviet Union is to that ex-
tent diSadvantaged in the bat
tie for mems minds and
hearts"
Evening star., 1953-07-06
COP. 10 Offer Same
Farm Price Supports
In 81, Aiken Predicts
BY the Associaied Press

Senator Aiken, Republican, of
Vermont, predicted today the
Republicans will face the voters
nextsyear with a farm price sup
port program very similar to
that now on the statute books.
The present price support law
expires next year. Senator Aiken,
the chairman Of the Senate Ag-
ficulture Committee, said:
II don't think there will be
too much change in existing
legislation. There probably will
be an effort to place permanent
price supports on the books, but
I think Congress will want to
keep its finger on that situation" 3"
Benson Offers No Suggestions.
Secretary of Agriculture Ben
son has said the present price
support system is inadequate
and that a better one must be
found. but he has not made
specific recommendations.
This is just one of the major
issues which Congress will be
called upon to wrestle with next
year. Also tentatively pro-
grammed for 1854, are major
rewriting of the tax laws and
possibly Of the Reciprocal Trade
Agreements Act.
There may be some controver-
sy. too, over foreign aid.
Hope for Compromise.
Senator Aiken said he hopes
some compromise can be worked
out at this session to give Pres
ident Eisenhower limited auth
ority to dispose of crop surpluses
for famine relief.
II can see where, If the Presi-
dent had this authority, he
might be able to change the
course of history" Senator AK
en- said. Fifty million bushels
of wheat, put in the right place
at the right time, might turn q
country from communism to our
side"
Evening star., 1953-07-06
Doris FIeeson:
Doris Fteeson:
Hard Times for |nteI|ectuo|s
Ihe Book Burning Action, Hurting the Administration
Does Show Up Tendency to Put Off Major Decisions

Remember first to possess
his books; for without them
he's but a sot, as I am, nor
hath not one spirit to COM
mand. They all do hate him
as rootedly as 1. Burn but his
books"
-Caliban in 1.-THE Tempest"
The book burning contro-
versy which will plague the
Eisenhower administration in
definitely is a strikingly apt
expression Of the climate of
anti-intellectualism which now
prevails in Washington and
perhaps in the country.
Politically it is of the great
est significance. It largely ac-
counts for the clear tendency
Of the administration to drift,
to postpone hard decisions and
to lean back upon "the dogmas
OF the quiet past"
Government planning upon
a broad scale is necessarily a
function of intellectuals. It
cannot be effective, however,
unless the planners have the
confidence Of political leaders
with prestige and practical
wisdom.
The hard fact is that lead
ing Republicans here have no
intellectuals of any bent, con-
Servative or liberal, whom they
trust, and admire.
President Eisenhower is sur
rounded by men much above
the average Of the Truman ad-
ministration In competence
and character. Yet despite all
Evening star., 1953-07-06

argument Saturday night. She is
in critical condition at Arlington
Hospital.
Wolfrey is being held in Fair
fax County jail in lieu Of $4,000
bond. He was arrested in q tavern
near his home shortly after a
daughter, Mrs. Myrtle Parrish, 20
found her mother, police re-
ported.
Evening star., 1953-07-06
Reception 'Tenderizes'
Mrs. Luce's Hand
By the Assoeiofad Press

ROME, July 6.-Ambassador
Clare Booth Luce nursed a tender
right hand today.
She greeted 1000 hand-shak-
ing guests at a Fourth Of July
reception and many more at a
United States Chamber of Com
merce dinner. For the dinner
she bandaged the hand to lessen
the wear and tear.
She said today the hand "is
still tenderized," but no longer
bandaged.
Evening star., 1953-03-29
In-Between Age for Lon
Came at q Youthful 20
By Bob Thomas

good money" he remarked. "I
didn't mind being called q
tightwad in those days"
But the years inactivity
caused him to reassess his
career. He now says he'll give
1t two years to blossom out
into something permanent. If
things don't pan out. he'll
turn to something more re-
liable. Last year he studied
real estate. which is his IA
ther's business. He liked it. and
even studied and got q IL
cense to become q real estate
broker.
But he hasn't given up on
Hollywood yet. Right now he's
embarking on q venture which
he hopes viii give him produc-
ton experience as well as
commercial success.
Lon takes of next Sunday
for South America. He plans
to tour the continent for five
months, shooting travelogues
to be shown on TV or on the
lecture circuit. This is no
flighty venture. Lon has spent
many hours in the Hollywood
library doing research and at
the Wiltshire Ebell Theater,
local showcase Of the trav-
elogue merchants.
"It's q funny thing about
Hollywood" said Lon. II sat
around for a year without q
job. But when I set a March
20 deadline for leaving I got
several offers.''
Among these have been two
TV films and q war picture,
'Combat!" He was delighted
with the latter, because he
was allowed to play the oldest
age he has been on the screen
20.
Evening star., 1953-03-29
Bette Goes Home
HOLLYWOOD.

In spite of the applause
and the prolific offers to try 1t
again, Bette Davis has had her
fill of the stage. After recov-
cry from the operation on her
jawbone. she viii return to
Hollywood. content to wind up
her career as q screen actress
and the sooner she gets back in
the groove the better she'll
like it.
Probably no actress ever dis
played greater fortitude over
a long period than did Bette.
both preceding and during the
run Of her show, "Two's
Company" A throat ailment
caused her to ring down the
curtain on opening night in
Detroit and several times dur
ing the Broadway run-and
right up to closing-she went
on against doctors orders.
Bette proved to herself and
to her public that she's one Of
the grand troupers Of all time
but now she'll welcome more
than ever the comparative
tranquility Of the sound
stages.
(Released By NANA.)