davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-12-09
u. S. Monopoly of Atom
Power Ceased Years Aqo

The Soviet Union has in
formed us that. over recent
years, it has devoted extern
sive resources to atomic Weap-
ons During this period, the
Soviet Union has exploded a
series of atomic devices, in
cluding at least one involving
thermo-nuclear reactions.
If at one time the United
States possessed what might
have been called a. monopoly
Of atomic power, that monop-
oily ceased to exist some years
ago. Therefore, although our
earlier start has permitted us
to accumulate what is today a.
great quantitatiye advantage,
the atomic realities of today
comprehend two facts of even
greater significance.
First, the knowledge now
possessed by four nations will
eventually be shared by others.
Second. even vast superb
ority in numbers of weapons,
and a consequent capability
of devastating retaliation, is no
preventive, of itself, against
the fearful material damage
and toll of human lives that
would be inflicted by surprise
aggression.
The free world, at least
dilnly aware of the facts, has
naturally embarked on a large
program of warning and de- (
fense systems. That program
will be accelerated and eX-
panded.
But let no one think that
the expenditure of vast sums
for weapons and systems of
defense can guarantee abso-
lutte safety for the cities and
citizens of any nation. The
awful arithmetic of the atomic
bomb does not permit of such
an easy solution. Even against
the most powerful defense, an
aggressor in possession of the
effective minimum number of
atomic bombs for a surprise
attack could probably place a
sufficient number of his bombs
on the chosen targets to cause
hideouS damage.
Evening star., 1953-12-09

United States approaches this
conference with hopeful sin
cerity. We will bend every eff
fort of our minds to the single
purpose of emerging from that
conference with tangible results
toward peace-the only true
way of lessening international
tension.
We never have, and never
will, propose or suggest that the
Soviet Union surrender what is
rightfully hers. ~
We will never say that the
peoples of Russia are an enemy
with whom we have no desire
ever to deal or mingle in
friendly and fruitful relation
ship.
On the contrary. we hope
that this conference may ini-
tiate relationship with the
Soviet Union which will
eventually bring about a free
inter-mingling of the peoples
of the East and the West-the
one sure, human way of de-
veloping the understanding re-
quired for confident and peace
ful relations.
Evening star., 1953-12-09

of all a threat to the peoples of
Russia.
Beyond the turmoil and
strife and misery of Asia, we
seek the peaceful opportunity
for these peoples to develop
their natural resources and to
elevate their lot.
These are not idle words or
shallow visions. Behind them
lies a story of nations lately
come to independence, not as
a result of war, but through
free grant or peaceful negotia-
ton. There is a record of as
sistance gladly given by nations
of the West to needy peoples
and to those suffering the tenn
porary effects of famine,
drought, and natural disaster.
These are deeds of peace.
Evening star., 1953-12-09
Great Accomplishment
Still in the Future

But the great tests and the
great accomplishments still lie
ahead. And in the confident
expectation of these accom-,
pliShment, I would use the
Office which, for the time be-
ing, hold, to assure you that
the Government of the United
States will remain SteadfaSt
in its support of this body.
This we shall do in the con-
viction you will provide faith
which can bring to this world
lasting peace for all nations,
and happiness and well-being
for all men.
Clearly it would not be
fitting for me to take this oc-
CaSion to present to you a uni
lateral American report on
Bermuda. Nevertheless, I as
sure you that in our delibera-
tionS we sought to invoke those
same great concepts of uni
versal peace and human dig
nifty which are so clearly
etched in your Charter.
Neither would it be a meas
ure of this great opportunity
merely to recite, however
hopefully, pious pIatitudes.
l therefore decided that this
occasion warranted my saying
to you some of the things that
have been on the minds and
hearts of my closest legislative
and executive associates and
on nine for a great many
months-thoughts I had origt+
nally planned to say primarily
to the American people.
Evening star., 1953-12-09
America Wants to Move
Out of Horror Chamber

So my country's purpose is
to help us move out of this
dark chamber of horrors into
the light, to find a way by
which the minds of men. the
hopes of men, the souls of men
everywhere, can move forward
toward peace and happiness
and well being.
In this quest, I know that
we must not lack patience.
I know that many steps will
have to be Caken over many
months before the world can
! look at itself one day and truly
realize that a new climate of
mutually peaceful confidence
is abroad in the world.
But I know, above all else,
that we must start to take
these StepS-noW.
Evening star., 1953-12-09
Ability to RetoIiote
Not End Goal of u. S.

Should such an atomic at
tack be launched against the
United States, our reactions
would be swift and resolute.
But for me to say that the
defense capabilities of the
United States are such that
they could inf1ict terrible
losses upon an aggresSor-
for me to say that the retail
iation capabilities of the United
States are so great that such
an aggreSSor's land would be
laid WaSte-all this while fact,
is not the true expression OF
the purpose and the hope of
the United States.
To pause there would be to
confirm the hopeless flnallty
of belief that two atomic
colosSi are doomed malevo-
lently to eye each other in
definitely across a trembling
world. To stop there would
be to accept helplessly the
probability of civilization de-
stroyed-the annihilation of
the lrreplaceable heriyaee of
mankind handed down - us
from generation to generation
and the condemnation of
mankind to begin all over
again the age-old struggle up
ward from Savagery toward
decency, justice, and righ>
Surely no sane member of
the human race could discover
victory in such desolation.
Could any one wish his name
to be coupled by history with
such human degradation and
destruction?
Occasional pages of history
do record the faces of the
great destroyers"; but the
Evening star., 1953-12-09

velopment of atomic weapons
has been no less remarkable.
This development has been
such that atomic weapons have
virtually achieved conventional
status within our armed serv-
ices. In the United States
services. the Army, the Navy,
the Air Force, and the Marine
Corps are all capable today of
putting this weapon to mill
tary use.
But the dread secret and the
fearful engines of atomic might
are not ours alone.
In the first place, the secret
is possessed by our friends and
allies, Great Britain and Can
ada, whose scientific genius
made a tremendous contribu-
ton to our original discoveries
and the designs of atomic
bombs.
The secret is also known by
the Soviet Union.
Evening star., 1953-12-09
Uranium StockpiIe
To Improve Worlds 5
Economy Is Urged

1.-THE tert of President EiSen-
hotDer'S address to the General
Assembly of the United Nations
yesterday tollotDS.'
Madame President. Mr.. Sec
retary General and Delegates:
When Secretary General
Hamrnarskjold's invitation to
address this General Assem-
bly, reached me in Bermuda,
I was just beginning a series
of conferences with the Prime
Ministers and Foreign Minis
ters of Great Britain and
France on some of the prob
lens that beset our world.
During the remainder OF
the Bermuda conference, I
had constantly in mind that
ahead of me lay a great honor.
That honor is mine today as
I stand here, privileged to ad-
dress the General Assembly Of
the United Nations.
At the same time that I
appreciate the distinction of
addressing you, I also have a
sense of exhilaration as I look
upon this assembly.
Never before in history has
so much hope for so many
people been gathered together
in a single organization. Your
deliberations and decisions
during these somber years
have already realized some of
this hope.
Evening star., 1953-12-09
Disarmament Study ."
Offers New Way to Peace

In it's resolution of Novem-
ber 18. 1858, this General AS
sembly suggested-and I quote
THAT the disarmament
commission study the desira-
bility of establishing a sub
committee consisting of repre-
sentativeS of the powers prin-
cipally involved, which should
seek. in private. an acceptable
solution-and report on such
a solution to the General AS
Sembly and to the Security
Council not later than Sep
tember l, 1854"
The United State, needing
the suggestion of the General
Assembly of the United Ma
tions, is instantly prepared to
meet privately with such other
countries as may be "prin-
cipally involved" to seek IAN
acceptable solution" to the
atomic life, of the world.
We shall carry into these
private or diplomatic talks a
new conception.
The United States would
seek more than the mere re-
duction or elimination of
atomic materials available for
military purposes.
1t is not enough just to take
this weapon out of the hands
of the soldiers. 1t must be put
into the hands of those who
will know how to strip its mill
tary casing and adapt it to the
arts of peace.
The United States knows
that if the fearful trend of
atomic military buildup can be
Evening star., 1953-12-09
Seek Peaceful Chance
For Europe's Prooress

Instead of the discomfort
which is now settling upon
Eastern Germany, occupied
Austria, and the countries Of
Eastern Europe, we seek IA
harmonious family Of free
European nations, with nulie
threat to the other, and least
Evening star., 1953-12-09

whole book of history reveals
mankind's never-endlng quest
for peace and mankind's God
given capacity to build.
1t is with the book of his
tory, and not with isolated
pages, that the United States
will ever wish to be identified.
My country wants to be con-
structive, not destructive. 1t
wants agreements, lot wars,
among nations. 1t wants it
self to live in freedom and in
the confidence that the people
OF every other nation enjoy
equally the right of choosing
their own way of life.
Evening star., 1953-12-09

The United States and its
allies, Great Britain and
France, have over the past
months tried to take some of
these steps. Let no one say
that we shun the conference
table.
On the record has long stood
the request of the United
States, Great Britain and
France to negotiate with the
Soviet Union the problems of a
divided Germany.
On that record has long
stood the request of the same
three nations to negotiate an
Austrian state treaty.
On the same record still
stands the request of the
United Nations to negotiate
the problems of Korea.
Evening star., 1953-12-09
Looks to New Farley
With Hopeful Sincerity

Most recently, we have re-
ceived from the Soviet Union
what is in effect an expression
of willingness to hold a four
power meeting. Along with
our allies, Great Britain and
France, we were pleased to see
that this note did not contain
the unacceptable pre-condi-
tions put forward by the So
vietS.
AS you already know from
our joint Bermuda COM
munique, the United States,
Great Britain and France have
agreed promptly to meet with
the Soviet Union.
The Government of the
Evening star., 1953-12-09

They speak more loudly than
promises or protestations of
peaceful intent.
But / do not wish to rest
either upon the reiterati0a Of
past proposals or the restate-
ment of past deeds. The
gravity of the time is such that
every new avenue of peace, no
matter how dimly discernible,
should be explored. ,
There is at least one new
avenue TO peace which has not
Yet been explored-an avenue
now laid out by the General
Assembly Of the United Ma
tionS.
Evening star., 1953-12-25
Correa Denies Obstruction
In ColIazo Case Probe
BY the Assoeioted Press

NEW YORK, Dec. 25.-John
Correa sobbed out denial yes
terday that he influenced a wit
ness to give false testimony be-
fore a grand jury concerning the
attempted assassination of for
mer President Harry S. Truman
in 1850.
Correa. IS, his wife, Mary, 40.
and Mrs. Tomasa Flores, 40, are
accused of conSpiring to obstruct
justice by influencing Mrs. Julia
Santiago, so, to give false in
formation to grand jury.
Occasionally sobbing, Correa
testified in Federal court he had
not attempted to persuade Mrs.
Santiago to testify falsely before
anybody. At one point he broke
down and court was recessed
briefly.
Oscar Collazo and Grisselio
Torresola attempted to storm
Blair House in Washington to
shoot Mr.. Truman. Terresola was
killed and Collazo wounded. Col
lazo later was convicted of mur-
der. A death sentence was COM
muted to life Imprisonment by
Truman.
The conviction was for the
Staying of a White House guard,
shot in the fray outside Blair
House.
Evening star., 1953-12-25
Welcome Rains Ease
Long Spanish Drought
By the Associated Press

MADRID, Spain, Dec. 25.-Re-
cent rains have broken year.
long drought in Spain and
brought relief to farmers. But
the precipitation was only a
relative drop in the bucket as far
as the nations reservoirs were
concerned.
On the strength of the rains,
which were heavy in some
sectors, and because of the holi-
day season, the government sus-
pended restrictions on the use
of electricity imposed since the
start of the dry spell in Oc-
tober, 1852.
Considerable criticism of the
move was voiced, however, be-
cause of the low water level in
storage reservoirs. Even with
the rains, the level of the reser-
voirs at the Guadiana and Jucar
Rivers-principal sources of
power for Central Spain and
Madrid-stood at and 4 per
cent of capacity, respectively.
The drought, which crippled
production of most grain and
root crops, reduced the water
stored in the nations reservoirs
from an average rs per cent of
capacity to 19 per cent. Follow
ing the rains, this figure jumped
to 80 per cent and the amount
of electric power available the
country over rose S per cent.
Evening star., 1953-12-25
Railroads Will Ask ice
For 10 Pct. Mail Pay Boost
bv The Associufed Press

The railroad industry yester-
day was reported to have de-
cided to ask the Interstate Com
merce Commission for q 10 per
cent increase in their railway
mail pay. instead of As per cent.
Railroad sources said there
have been a series of confer
ences with Post Office transpor-
tation officials at which an
understanding had been reached
that the Post ONCE will not
oppose a 10 per cent hike. The
department had previously an
nounced strenuous opposition to
the pending petition for IS
per cent.
The projected new increase in
the mail transportation rates is
now set for q hearing January
6. Principals in the case de-
clined to comment on the re-
ported change in the railroads
plans, but there were indications
that the compromise would be
laid before the ICC on the hear
ing date. thus avoiding a pro-
ceeding which might run into
one or two years.
The railroads received slightly
more than a so per cent boost
in their mail pay in 1850 after
hearings which stretched over
three years.
Evening star., 1953-12-25
More State Control
OF School Spending
Urged in Virginia
By the Assoeio,ed Pres.

RICHMOND. Dec. 25. - The
Virginia d.visory legislative
council has recommended that
the State exercise greater control
over the costs of local school con-
struction.
An 11-page report submitted
yesterday to Gov. Battle and the
1854 General Assembly noted
that the State 'has been fur
nishing a great deal Of the money
in many cases and yet has had
little to say about how it should
be expended"
The council, whose report was
based on the investigation of a
1O-man committee headed by
State Senator Mosby Perrow of
Lynchburg, suggested that local
tiles be required to get the advice
OF the division of institutional
engineering in planning school
construction for which the State
has put up funds.
If the State contributes
toward the cost of State or local
capital outlay expenditures" said
the report. "it is only reasonable
that the State should be permit
TED some voice as to how it's con-
tribution shall be expended.
There is no desire on the part
OF the council to interfere with
local freedom in the selection of
styles of architecture, materials,
site or any of the aspects of
building construction which
should be decided upon by those
who will use the buildings.
However, it is felt that where
savings can be effectuated by the
use of new materials, by making
available to one locality the
benefit of experience in others,
and by supervision of the con-
tractor in the execution Of the
building project, these savings
should be brought about and the
locality as well as the State will
receive the benefit thereof"
To those localities which don't
receive State aid, the council
suggested that the divisions
services be available on a volun-
tary basis.
Evening star., 1953-12-25
Santa Doesn't Forget
Mrs. Claus on Christmas
BY the Associated Press

LOUISVILLE, KY, Dec. 25.-
Santa Claus has come to Mrs.
Santa Claus.
Mrs. Agnes Leverett, who posed
as Mrs. Santa Claus in telephone
calls to children after getting
Santa Claus letters from the
dead letter Office, got a new re-
frigerator.
"Oh, no! I never heard of
Santa Claus getting a Christmas
PRESENT." She said as a truck
pulled up in front of her house
with the gift from a refrigera-
ton firm.
A newspaper story about Mrs.
Leverett'S masquerade as Mrs.
Santa had said her refrigerator
had worn out years ago, and she
couldn't afford another one.
She said she decided to play
Mrs. Santa because she got the
blues" at Christmas.
Evening star., 1953-12-25
Board Will Decide
What State Agencies
To Shift 10 Annapolis
BY the Associated Press

ANNAPOLIS, Md, Dec. 25.-
The Board of Public Works will
decide all over again, probably
next month, which State agen-
cies will be shifted into a new
office building at Annapolis.
1t has pending a survey sug-
gesting another reshufde which
would keep the Departments of
Education and Welfare in Balti-
more.
The two agencies were the
largest of five intially assigned
to the capital when a projected
So million building is completed.
Albert P. Backhaus. secretary of
the State Office building commit
tee, recently proposed in a letter
to individual board members that
they stay in the big city.
Mr.. Backhaus, who also is
principal engineer for the De-
partment of Public Improve
ments, said movement to An
napolis would decrease efficiency
and increase costs.
He renewed the committees
original recommendation that
the Department of Game and
Inland Fish transfer to Annap-
oils but said it should maintain
a branch office in Baltimore.
The Water Pollution Control
Commission and State Board of
Appeals. which hears complaints
about liquor licenses in several
counties. also are slated to move
from Baltimore.
Annapolis has been allotted
So million and Baltimore $40
million for new Office buildings.
No decision has been made on
where to locate the Baltimore
structure, but Annapolis has a
site already laid out behind the
present Office building and
armory.
City officials and civic groups
in the capital also are tackling
the problem of housing more
than 100 families now living in
the area charted for the build
ing and access roads from a dual
lane Annapolis bypass.
Gov. McKeldin has told them
housing is a local responsibility.
They are promoting private con-
struction to take care of the
families now facing loss of their
homes by next May /.
The board of public works
which has the final say on State
building projects. meets again
January II. Besides the Cover
nor, it includes controller Tawes
and Treasurer Miles.
Evening star., 1953-12-25

United States. The jobs pay
$4,205 to 5000 a year.
Applications for positions in
grades GS-11 ana GS-12 must
be received by the Board of
United States Civil Service Ex-
aminers, sixth floor, Administra-
ton Building, Agriculture De-
partment. not later than January
5. 1854. Applications for grades
GS-7 and GS-9 will be accepted
until further notice.
Dietitian for jobs with the Vet
Grams Administration in the
United States and Puerto Rico.
The jobs pay $3,410 and $4,205
a year.
Applications should be sent to
the Central Board of United
States Civil Service Examiners,
Veterans Administration.
Elementary teacher for Jobs
with the Bureau of Indian At
fairs, Interior Department. main
ly in Western United States. The
jobs pay $3,410 a year.
Applications for positions in
California, Nevada and Arizona
Except at the Navajo and Hopi
Reservations) should be filed
with the Board of United States
Civil Service Examiners, Bureau
of Indian Affairs, Area Office,
P. o. Box 7007, Phoenix, Ariz.
Applications for positions at
the Navajo and Hopi Reserva-
tions should be sent to the Tenth
Civil Service Regional Office,
Building Al, Denver Federal Gen.
ter. Denver 2, Colo.
Applications for all other po-
Sitions should be sent to the re-
gional Office which has jurisd;c-
ton over the area which is an
applicants first preference for
employment. Addresses of these
Offices may be obtained from the
civil service representative at
most 1st and End class post Of
fees.
Evening star., 1953-12-25

leave by the end of the year or
else lose it. The only exceptions
are in the cases of employees who
had less than 80 days leave at
the start of this year. They can
accumulate this years leave,
providing it does not exceed 30
days.
In enacting the new law, Con-
gress gave employees the right
to use their excess leave over the
Christmas and New Year holl-
days. This is a break for en-
ployes, since the regular leave
wear normally would end on the
last pay period of a calendar
year-usually around December
20.
COMMIS SION ASSIGN
MENTS-Evelyn Harrison. act
ing director of the Civil Service
Commissions Bureau of Pro-
grams and Standards, has an
nounced the appointments of Xiv
RENEE as co-ordinating officer
and of Mrs. Mary V. Wenzel as
legislative control officer.
Other assignments made in the
bureau were: James j. McGur-
rim, program planner, overseas;
Sam Left, program planner,
manpower and special projects;
David F. Lawton, program plan
ner, employe relations and bene-
fits; Hugh P. Grove, program
planner, investigative programs;
Robert S. Hare, chief, pay sys-
TENS section. and Ross Pollock,
chief, career development pro-
gram.
Also, DR.. Albert P. Maslow.
chief, regulations and inStruc-
tions coordination section n;
Charles V. Denney, jr., chief,
instructions section, and Carl R.
Calabrese, chief, regulations Sec
tion. Harold L. McAdoo was ap-
pointed assistant chief of the
test development section in the
standards division of the bureau.
CURRENT EXAMS-Here are
the current examinations for
Government jobs now being
given by the Civil Service Com
mission:
Dental technician, dental hy-
gienist and histopathology tech
nician for jobs at Fort Meade.
Md. The jobs pay $2,950 to $4,-
205 a year.
Applications should be sent to
the Board of United States Civil
Service Examiners at Fort Meade.
X y X X
Veterinarian for jobs mainly
with the Agriculture Department
in Washington apd Midwestern