davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-06-15
E|eventh-Hour Talks
Slated in Attempt 10
Avert Shipping Strike
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, June 15.-Rep-
resentatives of CIO seamen and
major Atlantic and Gulf Coast
shipping lines scheduled elev-
enth-hour wage talks today in
an attempt to avert a threat
ened midnight strike.
However, the two sides were
reported over the week end to
be apparently SO far apart that
only a complete reversal of po-
Sition by one side could bar a
work stoppage-the first general
East and Gulf Coast maritime
tieup in two years.
Joseph Curran. president of
the CIO National Maritime Un-
ion, has said today's bargain
ing session could be the shortest
on record" unless ShipownerS
show "a different attitude"
General Increase Sought.
The NMU is seeking an un-
disclosed general wage increase
for its 1900 Atlantic and Gulf
Coast members. NMU contracts
with steamship and shipping
lines expire at midnight, and
the union has told the employ
ers, mo contract, no work."
Bargaining sessions today
bring NMU representatives to-
gether with the committee for
Evening star., 1953-06-15
Doris FIeeson:
Eisenhower Pininq for q Break
Only Now Revealing His Problems President He Is Quoted
AsFeeing He Does Not Get the Purty Backing He Merits

President Eisenhower has
begun to open up to old
friends about what it is like to
be the first Republican Presi-
dent in 20 years. In a word,
it's tough.
The Presidents willingness
to admit that everything is not
for the best as yet in this best
of all Republican worlds rep
resents a departure from his
early days in Office. Then he
seemed almost obsessed by the
idea that it was proper to dis
cuss his problems only with
"the team" or a card-carrying
Republican.
This standoh hishness, it
should be promptly added, did
not carry over into his hours
of relaxation. It is not the
Presidents fault that the IA
nous Burning Tree golf club
has lost some of it's celebrated
intimacy and informality. The
Secret Service has insisted
upon certain precautions and
the club also suffers some
what now from the attentions
of that type of member COM
monty described as a name
dropper.
The President however has
never forgotten a friend and is
as easy and congenial with one
and all as he always has been.
A few of the Col. Blimps who
are in every club complain that
at least Mr.. Truman didn't
golf but they are in a tiny
minority.
Evening star., 1953-06-15

to the truce. The South Ko-
rean government was not.
If Russia dictated to Gen.
Nam, nobody can prove it.
But that the U. S. A. is die
tating to South Korea is widely
publicized.
The psychological effect on
Korea and Asia is to demon
trate that President Rhee is an
American "puppet," but that
Gen. Nam can speak and ne
gotiate with the West as an
equal.
The failure of President Tru-
mans Korean war should lead
to a re-examination of our
whole foreign-u. N. policy; the
policy that got us into the war
in the first place; a policy
booming us to continual war
for unattainable objectives. If
that were the result the war
would not have been fought in
vain.
But this column does not
foresee such a re-examination.
The failure will not be ad-
mitted. We will, instead. make
further military commitments
while the U. S. S. r. skill
fully plays the game of ex-
plotting the wars of others.
Evening star., 1953-06-15
Constantine Brown:

President Eisenhower as
sored Senate and House lead
erS last week that this country
will not only oppose but work
strongly against admission of
the Peiping government to the
United Nations. He seems con-
vinced that he will succeed.
The American Ambassador to
the United Nations, Henry
Cabot Lodge, followed shortly
afterward with a statement
that the United States would
veto Red China's admission
to the U. N, ''if the veto could
be legally invoked"
There are, however, strong
miSgivings in diplomatic and
political quarters in Washing
ton as to whether President
Eisenhower will be able to
make good his pledge, short of
America withdrawing from the
U. N. by Congress cutting off
appropriations for that world
organization.
The reason for such mis-
givings is based on two facts:
Cd The determination of Great
Britain, the Commonwealth
and the vast majority of men,
bers of the U. N. to give the
men in Peiping the seat held
now by the representatives of
the Chinese Nationalist govern
ment; and (2) it is doubtful
that we can use our veto power
in the matter of refusing one
Chinese government the seat
held by another Chinese gov
ernment.
Last week, following the
coronation of Queen Elizabeth
II, the nine prime ministers Of
the Commonwealth had a
six-day conference with Win
ston Churchill at No. 10 Down.
ing street, the official resi-
dence of the British prime
minister.
The 10 policy makers ex-
pressed. according to official
reports, their delight at the
prospective signing of an
armistice in Korea and also
their confidence that soon
thereafter the Chinese Cont
munists would be seated in
the u. N.
India'S Prime Minister Nehru
who plays a dominant role in
the association of states under
the nominal rule of the Brit
ish monarch stated that:
with the conclusion of an
Evening star., 1953-06-15

the Companies and Agents, At
lantic and Gulf Coasts, which
represents about 40 lines and
usually sets a pattern for some
80 other shippers.
Union delegates meet this aft
ernoon with tanker and collier
operating groups which ordinar-
lily set up contract formulas for
more than Is such lines.
Extension Granted.
Normally the negotiations also
would involve two other CIO
maritime unions - the Ma
rine Engineers Beneficial Asso-
citation and the American Radio
ASscoiation-with the same con-
tract expiration dates. However,
the engineers have granted a
one-month extension in their
agreement and the radiomen are
conducting talks on the West
Coast.
M. Hedley Stone, treasurer of
the NMU, said yesteday that the
union was asking for an increase
in overtime rates in addition to
a general increase. He said a
pay raise was justified by in
creases granted in other indus
tries.
Able-bodied seamen now earn
Evening star., 1953-06-15
Dovid Lowrence:
Einstein Has q Wrong Theory
He Errs When He Advises Citizen to Refuse to Testify
At Copito Inquiry When RIGHTS Are Protected

famous LaFollette committee
of the Senate not so many
years ago which Investigated
espionage inside unions by en-
ployers and strong arm tactics
allegedly used to break down
unions or prevent their organ
ization among employees.
Methods" of committees of
Congress are easy to criticize
and often such methods are
reprehensible but the highest
courts in the land have put
virtually no limit on the right
of congressional committees
to elicit information and to
comment thereon as they
please with full immunity
from prosecution. The Con-
stitution, of course, could be
amended by the people to re-
peal that right but it would
be a sorry day for liberalism
and the downtrodden or ex-
plotted minorities if that ever
happened. The true liberals of
today might well recall the
legal opinion of a great lib
eral, the late Justice Oliver
Wendell Holmes, who said
freedom of speech is free
dom for the thought we hate"
Comments by investigating
committee members, however
irrelevant or distasteful or
unjust, are protected by the
freedom of expression clause
of the Constitution and by the
freedom to gather information
in order to legislate, which the
Constitution gave to Congress
as a concomitant right. The
remedy against abuse is not to
encourage the citizen to defy
the provisions of the existing
Constitution but to agitate for
their modification or repeal
and to crusade for the defeat
at the polls of all members of
Congress whose views are dis
liked by a majority of the
voters of a district or a State.
It takes time to get all the
facts understood when highly
controversial issues are at
stake but the peoples true
will in resolving those issues
ultimately prevails. The place
to encourage revolution and
sedition is among the peoples
behind the Iron Curtain who
are up against despotic gov
ernments that menace the
peace of the world.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1953-06-15
y. S. Holds Ace in Peipinq Deal
Threat to Withdraw From United Nations Could Force Issue
On Admitting Communist Chino Peoce-Lovinq Circle

in Asia" His remarks were
taken inferentially to reflect
also on our efforts to prevent
the replacement of the nom
Communist Chinese in the U. N.
by the Communists.
The question Of our apply
ing the veto in the Security
Council against Red China's
admission is a moot one. Am
bassador Lodge seems to think
that it can be done. Former
Secretary of State Acheson and
his legal advisers appeared to
be convinced that we were not
entitled in this instance to
cast a veto.
The question is, however, not
up to us but to a decision Of
the legal talents in the U. N.
They claim that in the matter
of Red China's admission the
situation is entirely different
from that of accepting into
that body a new applicant who
must produce proof that he Is
peace loving"
China is at present rep
resented, say those who believe
we cannot use the veto, by a
government which has taken
refuge from the mainland on
the small island of Formosa.
Another government-even II
it is admitted to have come to
power by revolutionary meth
ods-is actually in full control
of the vast Chinese mainland.
Many U. N. members and es-
pecially the principal powers,
except the United States and
momentarily France. have rec
ogniZed the Peiping regime
and have withdrawn their rec
ognition from the Formosa
government.
The question, according to
Britain and the U. S. S. R.
which extended their full rec
ognition to the Mao Use Tung
government, is not one of ac-
cepting a new country into the
United Nations but replacing a
fallen regime repudiated by
many powers with one which
London, Moscow and New
Delhi describe as the "legiti-
mate" government of China.
This is described as a proce-
dural matter for which a con-
current vote is not admissible.
One thing might give our
allies and friends some food
for thought, however. That is
the possibility of the United
States withdrawing from the
United Nations.
Evening star., 1953-06-15
Dorothy Thompson:
Korea War Is q Racial lesson
National Leaders Urged to Face Reality Armed Venture
Doomed From Inception by Rising Tide of Asian Revolt

From the beginning, as
readers of this column know,
we have taken a dim view of
the so-called United Nations
police action in Korea.
We believed that a war on
the Korean peninsula would
be bound to involve China and
that no war against China
could possibly be won.
We believed, furthermore,
that for both psychological
and military reasons any
Western military intervention
in Asia would fail.
What we are seeing is pre-
ciSely what Lothrop Stoddard
predicted a generation ago:
1.-The rising tide of color" The
Asian revolution is not only
social. It is racial; a revolt
of the whole colored world
against white Western man,
who has ruled the planet for
the last several hundred
years.
Two wars, essentially civil
wars between the nations of
the West, each resulting in a
punitive peace, have greatly
accelerated this revolt.
The West has trained and
equipped Asian armies, ex-
ported to Asia its technology
and its own ideas of political
and national freedom, and
now Asia is striking back.
Russia, a semi-Asiatic nation
itself, hes supported and fur
thered these essentially ma
tional anS racial revolutions.
Whether this will be, in the
long rur, advantageous to
Russia is very dubious.
Militarily. Western opera
tons anywhere on the Asian
Evening star., 1953-06-15

mainland are doomed by sheer
superiority of numbers. Wars
over vast spaces cannot be
won by atom bombs.
That is why we have been
defeatist on the Korean war.
1t has been our opinion (Which
we have hesitated thus bru-
tally to expreSs) that eventu-
ally we would have to quit in
Korea on any terms we could
get, and that any terms would
eventually work out as U. S.
U. n. failure and a North
Korean-Red China victory.
That is our view of the pres
ent truce. If we express it,
it is not with satisfaction but
with grief. It is not to back
up President Syngman Rhee,
but to exhort our national
leaders to face and draw the
consequences of reality.
We refuse to join other
columnists in asserting that
the North Korean and Chinese
Reds yielded" on the prisoner
of war issue. They did not.
They set and obtained condi-
tions which will assure the
repatriation of most of the
prisoners and with the aid of
a neutral" commission. They
yielded only on not, for the
time being, seeking to unity
Korea by force of arms. Mean
while, crowds are demonstrat-
ing against the Americans in
South Korea. and demanding
that all foreign armies-U. N.
and Chinese-leave Korean
soil. So the South Koreans
place US, with the Red Chi
nese, as invaders.
President Eisenhower has
Evening star., 1953-06-15

armistice the prospects of
Communist China's admission
would be much better since in
the Commonwealth there is
not much difference of opinion
about seating the Peiping del
egation."
Prime Minister st. Laurent
of Canada spoke in the same
vein and so did most of the
other prime ministers. The
attitude of Mr.. Churchill in
this respect is already known.
He concurred some three
weeks ago on the floor of the
House of Commons with the
leader of the opposition, Clem-
ent Attlee, that Red China
should be accepted into the
fold of the peace loving U. N.
soon after an armistice is
signed.
In France, resolution was
placed before the National As
sembly last week demanding
recognition for the Peiping re-
gime. AS soon as the French
manage to have a government
and this may be expected in
a few days-this resolution will
come to a vote and there is no
doubt that it will be approved
by a substantial majority.
Britain has now assumed
political leadership in Europe
and there is little doubt that
most, if not all Western Euro
pean countries would follow
Britain's and the Common
wealth's vote to seat the Chi
nese Communists.
The Arab-Asian bloc in the
United Nations usually follows
India's leadership. The mem
berS of this bloc are disgruntled
with our policies in the Near
and Middle East and are likely
to vote solidly for the Peiping
administration.
According to trained OBJ
servers at the U.N. headquar-
tiers in New York, the chances
Of the American representa-
tives succeeding in getting any
votes, except possibly a few
from South American repub-
lies, are practically nil regard
less of what efforts we make.
Lester B. Pearson, president
of the U. N. General Assembly,
speaking last Thursday at
Cambridge, Mass, said: 1.-THE
United States would find itself
almost alone in any attempt
to defeat Communism as such
Evening star., 1953-06-15

About his work however, un-
til lately the President
clammed up even with people
who had considerable claim to
his confidence and had boosted
him in his climb up the lad
der. He has been swamped, of
course, with work. Perhaps he
also felt that some of these
rather objective spectators of
the American scene would not
hesitate to give him the bad
news and that it could wait for
awhile.
The President told some
South Dakota politicos last
week that he was "a pretty
tough old bird" and this is just
about what he said to friends
after admitting some of his
problems. In fact he gave in
dicationS that some non-co-
operators on the hill might
find it out too.
Among other things, he
pointed out. that his supposed
legislative honeymoon was be-
set with one problem neither
Mr.. Roosevelt nor Mr.. Truman
had in theirs. The Republi-
cans, he said, may not have
liked them but the majority
in their own party gave them
support.
His principal troubles, he
admitted, are with Republicans
and he doesn't think the Of
Tending characters are giving
him the break to which he is
Evening star., 1953-06-15
Heavy Expense Delays
Grass Growing Project
q BY the Associoted Press

TUCSON, Ariz. - Growing
grass in public parks is an ex-
pensive proposition in the des-
ert area.
The City Council has post
poned action until next fiscal
year on a proposal to grass Oury
Park because the park depart
ment funds have been almost
completely committed.
The park is named for the
man who was elected delegate
from Arizona to the Confederate
Congress in the Civil War but
who never took his seat and later
became a civic leader in the
Territory of Arizona.
Evening star., 1953-06-15
Fletcher Knebel:
Potomac Fever

Communists smash U. N. lines the of a
truce In dealing with the Allies the Communist slogan is
divide and concur"
The President gets honorary degree from Dartmouth
College He did better than lot Of college boys athletes
have to spend four college degree they
Books attacked by Senator Mccarthy from
American library shelves Germany written
himself about housing and about Mccarthy.
convincng-readers convinced about
both subjects than he let
India and Switzerland formally handle the
war prisoners South Korea will greet them with
all firing at
Mailmen object to Senator Douglas proposal that they all
ride bicycles The Senator figured
postman to ring twice in the give
with bell on it.
Democrats claim the Harry coming
to Washington this month up Republicans
retort that he's coming back because there
forgot to burn.
Evening star., 1953-06-15
Dovid Lowrence:

Prof. Albert Einstein's theory
of "relativity" in mathematics
may be difficult for the average
person to understand but the
advice he has just given to a
New York school teacher to re-
fuse to testify at all before an
investigating committee of
Congress is very easy to under
stand. It is a preachment that
amounts to the encouragement
of disobedience to constitution
al authority.
Prof. Einstein may be for
given for his lack of knowledge
of the American Constitution
and the code of laws that gov
ern his adopted land because
he has come over from Europe
only recently and probably has
not become as familiar as he
might be with either the rights
or the duties of American citi-
zens in connection with law en-
forcement.
For the right of a citizen to
refuse to testify about himself
on the ground that to give
such testimony would be
self-incriminating is specified
by the Constitution and has
been repeatedly upheld by the
Supreme Court. But there is
no right to refuse to testify
about other persons concern
ing whom the citizen may have
knowledge even though it may
bring prosecution to such per-
sons because of the crimes they
have committed or conspired
to commit.
Crimes when committed usu-
ally do not have an official
photographer present from the
district attorneys Office to OBJ
bduA P4OOA' Law C111OI CC11IC1IG
can be assisted only through
the cooperation of good citi-
zenS who are willing to testify
as, for instance, by catching
the numbers on the license
plates of a hit-and-run driver
who has killed a child. It is
the same way with conSpiracies
to overthrow the Government
of the United States, which,
according to court decisions, is
the avowed object of the Com
munist Party in the United
States. Unfortunately the Mos
cow government doesn't furnish
our Government with an affi-
davit listing the names of their
agents and helpers in the
United States.
Evening star., 1953-06-15

entitled. He stressed his own
insistence upon getting along
with Congress and intimated
some members might recipro-
cate a lot better.
The President also showed
some irritation at the decrying
of the military that he said
had been going on. He men
toned various old comrades
in-arms, including Gen. Brad
ley, whose services to the coun-
try he thought spoke for them
selves, but he did not identify
the critics.
They must certainly include,
besides right wing members of
Congress, his own Deputy Sec
retary of Defense, Mr.. Kyes.
Possibly in his zeal to defend
the reduced defense budget,
Mr.. Kyes has attacked the mil
itary in terms which certainly
lacked tact and even real 10y
atty to his own department.
The President may merely
have been grousing with old
friends in the manner natural
to the human race. If the
signs of his dissatisfaction in
dicate a deeper emotion, a
more driving determination to
run the show, it Is news of
great Importance.
That determination could
stem in part from the realiza-
ton that Senator Taft, the
great middleman, is retired to
the sideines for an indefinite
period. So a leadership vacuum
must be filled.
Evening star., 1953-06-15

a base pay of $302.32 a month
with an overtime hourly rate of
$1.87.
Defense Work Unaffected.
Mr.. Stone, who said last night
that a strike appeared imminent,
asserted the NMU planned to
make arrangements for moving
defense shipments in the event
of a walkout.
A work stoppage would affect
about 200 American vessels, in
cluding the superliner United
States and other large passenger
ships.
Evening star., 1953-06-15

So it is important for every
arm of the Government to be
used in a constitutional man
ner to elicit information to
help prevent Communist con-
spiracies from being success
full.
Prof. Einstein's exact words
are important to examine
he wrote as follows concerning
the problem of responding ito
requests for information by in
veStigating committees:
Frankly, ! can see only the
revolutionary way of non-co-
operation in the sense of
Ghandi's. Every intellectual
who is called before one of the
committees ought to refuse to
testify, that is he must be pre-
pared for jail and economic
ruin, in short, for the sacrifice
of his personal welfare in the
interest Of the cultural well
fare of his country.
"This refusal to testify must
be based on the assertion that,
it is shameful for a blameless
citizen to submit to such an
inquisition and that this kind
of inquisition violates the spirit
of the Constitution"
But who is to decide whether
the accused citizen is blame
leSS-the citizen himself or the
Government to which under
the Constitution there has
been delegated a system of
formal inquiries to be con-
Quoted by the legislative as
well as the judicial branches?
There is no legal protection
whatsoever for the citizen who
refuses to testify just because
he doesn't like the views of the
investigating committee or the
personality of it's members. A
subpoena from an investigat-
ing committee can be as COM
pelling as a subpoena from a
court.
Prof. Einstein says the in
vestigating com mittees are
composed of "reactionary poll
ticians." He doesn't know that
for generations past the in
vestigating committee has been
developed as the weapon of
liberal reformers in America.
One wonders what the liberals
or 'intellectuals" of yesterday
would have said if some en-
ployer in big business had
publicly advised all employers
to refuse to testify before the
Evening star., 1953-06-15
Travellers See Movies

BREMEN, Germany.-Waiting
between trains has been made
more interesting in the main
railroad station in Bremen by
the German Federal Railroads,
which has opened newsreel
theater there. Similar theaters
are found in the Frankfurt and
Munich stations.
Evening star., 1953-06-15
Gunmun Takes $3.50
In Cos Stution HoIdup

An armed bandit took $3.50
from a service station manager
early yesterday after forcing him
to lie on the floor while the
gunman fled.
The victim was Robert l.. Baer,
81, manager of the ESQ station
at 145 H street NE. He told
police a colored man flashed a
.32-caliber revolver, demanded
the cash, forced him to the floor
and made his getaway.
Evening star., 1953-06-15

said that we will continue to
support the unification of Ko-
rea by peaceful measures, i. e.,
by diplomacy.
But there are no indications
that the Reds will not win by
diplomacy.
President Rhee's government
is discredited in South Korea.
The North Korean govern
ment. via its military comman-
der, was a primary negotiator
Milford chronicle., 1953-12-11

lum and teaching.
DR.. Purdy stated that the state
school department should establish
minimum standards when the peO-
pie show lack of interest in school
affairs. The speaker was presented
by DR.. George Keen of Georgetown,
state vice president and program
chairman.
Members discussed a reorganiza-
tion plan to enlarge the executive
committee 10 give better service to
the administrators.
Group Election Deferred
At the meeting of school board
directors, following the general
meeting, it was decided to defer
the election of officers of the state
organization until later meeting,
probably in January.
&, DR.. George R. Miller, Jr., state
superintendent of public instruc-
ton, discussed with the board mem
bers the situation regarding the