davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-04-02
,SaItonsfaII Cautions
O.
AGAINST Defense Cuts
II Korea War Ends

uNOa ~ b @buWS
Chairman Saltonstall of the
!. Senate Armed Services Commit
tee warned today against any
scaling down Of this country's
! defense program If peace is
: achieved in Korea.
Asked if q Korean armistice
:. would justify q reduction in the
defense program, Senator SAL
tonstall replied:
II hope not. It would be
great mistake. We have made a
. planned program for our own de-
| tense and we should stick to it,.
Program Under Study.
: His statement, he said, COIN
cided with testimony given the
y Foreign Relations Committee
! yesterday that the threat to
4 Western Europe has not changed.
Il. The Senator's comment also
=, followed his receipt of a letter
from President Eisenhower yes
terday. explaining that 1854 de-
fenSe goals are not yet available
: because the new administra-
: ton is re-examining the whole
, program.
Senator Ferguson, Republican,
of Michigan, predicted mean
!. while that the defense budget
7. will be one of the last big issues
/ handled at this session, in view
of the thorough review the Ell
senhower administration is max
- ing.
In his letter to Senator Sal
tonstall, the President appealed
to the legislative branch to work
closely with the Executive in the
field Of defense.
Unified Effort Seen.
Senator Ferguson is chairman
Of the subcommittee on Armed
Services Appropriations. and his
decision not to hurry the con-
sideration of the defense budget
Is in line with the Presidents
suggestion for pulling together.
The Presidents letter was in
reply to one from Senator Sal
tonstall, asking him to make
b available to the Armed Services
7 Committee at an appropriate
\ time "the estimate which you
\ have formulated concerning the
! state Of our Nations military
security" and any changes which
\ seem advisable in the planning.
\ The Senator said his letter was
\ prompted by recent statements
and speeches in and out of the
| Senate. indicating concern either
that the defense program is in
\ adequate, has not been pushed
\ vigorously, or is poorly oriented.
Efficiency Moves Cited.
Gen. Eisenhower called atten-
J ton to the steps he. has taken
to make the National Security
Council more effective agency
for overall planning. He also
\ pointed out that the council has
been. studying, the cost of the
\ program and value obtained for
the money spent. s8 Z
\ Because SO much is involved
4 In this intensive work." the
\ President wrote, Il cannot ven-
Z ture now safely. to predict date
\ on which we will arrive at firm
determinations. Obviously, we
must generally set our budget
sights during the ensuing weeks.
\ for the fiscal year 1854. In so
4 doing, We must evaluate clearly
\ just what calculated risks have
/ heretofore been taken. whether
or not the decisions which have
q been reached in respect to them,
have been soundly based, and
whether or not fundamental
changes Of an organizational or
other nature are necessary in
order to increase the efficiency
Of our security effort.
"Of course. this requires a
careful and accurate analysis of
the adequacy and orientation of
our present defense program in
oil its aspects"
Evening star., 1953-04-02

GRAFTON that she attended the
meeting Monday.
Nephew, Nieces Survive.
Miss Adams is survived by two
nieces and a nephew, the chill
dren of her sister. Mrs. Grace
Adams Howard, who died in 1899.
Mrs. Howard was the widow Of
Beale R, Howard, vice president
of The Evening Star Newspaper
Co.. who died in 1885.
The nieces are Mrs. Harry K.
Hickey of Washington, Mrs. John
T. Remey of New York: the
nephew is George Adams Howard
Of Miami Beach. Fla.
Three grandnieces also sur
vive: Mrs. Mary Adams Man.
ming Cleveland of Washington,
and Miss Grace Adams Howard
and Miss Jean Page Howard.
Miss Adams had a summer
home at Gloucester, Mass.
Evening star., 1953-04-02
The Weather Here and Over the Nation

District and vicinity - Partly
cloudy and cooler tonight. low
about 40. Tomorrow, fair and
COOL
Maryland Rather cloudy,
windy and cooler tonight, low
about 81 in extreme west and
36-42 in central and east por-
tions. Tomorrow. fair and cool.
Virginia - Partly cloudy and
cooler tonight, low 34-38 west
Evening star., 1953-04-02
Maryland
and
Virginia
Alexandra Survey
Stirs Controversy
in Brief

DlsSension over a proposed
$35, 900 survey Of Alexandria's S
city government erupted into a
full-scale controversy today as
top officials exchanged words
over its merits.
Councilman Frank E. Mann
came to the defense of the sur
vey, requested by City Manager
Ira F. Willard.
But Councilman John j. Ewald
agreed with Mayor Marshall J.
Beverley that the survey is "ab-
Solutely unnecessary
Evening star., 1953-04-02
Congress in Brief

Continues debate on submerged
lands bill.
Inve stigating subcommittee
continues hearings on interna-
tional information centers.
HOUSE
Holds routine session.
Evening star., 1953-04-02
Boundary Sought

A search is about to be
launched for the lost boundary
between Loudoun and Fairfax
Counties.
: Attorney Jack Wood said three
farm owners along the boundary
want the line determined before
they start receiving tax bills
from both counties.
The Fairfax Board Of County
Supervisors agreed to indorse
appointment of a commission to
survey the border.
Evening star., 1953-04-02

and 38-44 east portion. Tomor.
row. fair and cool.
Wind-N orthwest at 1920
miles per hour tonight and to-
morrow.
River Report.
tFrom U. 8. Engineers.J
Potomac River cloudy At Harpers Ferry
and clear at Great Fails; Shenandoah
cloudy ct HarperS Ferry,
( Humidity.
tReadings at National Airport.l
Yesterday Pct. To-day Pct.
Noon 40 Midnisht --- SS
pm. 20 3 Am. Oh
8 pm. 40 10 Am. ---- SO
Evening star., 1953-04-02

u6kuIDOG0 ally
where from IS
to 100 other
workers are
affected either
through being
replaced. re-
assigned or
denoted to a
lower-salaried
positions.
The civil
Service Com
m is sion re-
Gently sought
to lessen the
Evening star., 1953-04-02
The FederoI Spotlight
Series Of Confusing Bunpings
To Follow Economy Firiings
The Federal Spotlight
By Joseph YOUNG

The economy nrngs going Government are
pected to result in chainke bumpngs" other
thousands Of Federal workers s-@te44
Employees with seniority and preference rights
the right to bump other workers in their agencies this
Evening star., 1953-04-02

Record Temperatures This TeaI.
Highest, 55. on February 81.
Lowest, ~. on March 2.
High and Low Of Last "a Hours.
High, 80, at $3.50 pm.
Low, ~, at 6:46 am.
Evening star., 1953-04-02

Is happening ana VIII continue
to happen in the months ahead.
Personnel officials estimate
that for every employe who is
Evening star., 1953-04-02

will be fair weather tonight most Of the Nation
except for scattered showers in the Central and Southern
Plains Some scattered snow durTs rain showers are due
In the Northern portion of Colorado VIII be colder In the
Rockies 1t will continue cold in North Dakota and Montana
-AP Wirephoto
Evening star., 1953-04-02

FURNISHED by United States Coast al
Geodetic Survey9
Evening star., 1953-04-02
The Sun and Moon.
Precipitation.

Monthly precipitation in inches In the
CAPITAL tcurrent month to datel:
Evening star., 1953-12-14
1854 Brond-New MotoroIo-l7-Inch Picture
Budget Prced
1895

See MotoroIo for new doubIe-power picture!
Hear MotoroIo for new powerful reception!
Buy MotoroIo for superb performonee-yeor round!
Own MotoroIo-fuII year worronty on all parts!
A beauty of set-a beauty of performance!
And big gift priced low for your Christmas budg-
ct! Come in and see this new table model Moto-
rola-in its smart rich ebony plastic case, designed
to fit into any decor, designed to take up little
space! Come in and see it, hear it, at The Hecht
Co. Store nearest you. It's yours for Christmas
at our low, low price! Model 17T13.
tn Floor, washington 4a Floor Silver Spring PARKngon
Evening star., 1953-12-14

Big value-but buy quickly! 1858 Lewyt
vacuum picks up dirt surely, easily! At all
stores.
Evening star., 1953-12-14

WASHINGTON Thurs M to Dea
SILVER M
q
Evening star., 1953-07-09

Mr.. Matthews disputes the
charge that his article was an
attack on Protestant clergymen
or Is anti-religion.
EMphGticdlly no. nv otDn
understanding of the article is
that is is anything but anti
clerical, Gnti-church or anti
religion. IT / could make
fen hundred ProtestantS re-
train from lending their names
to Communist causes, I think
/ a0iH haze done the church a
Service.
Majority Against Him.
But of Senator McCarthy's
seven-member committee, three
Democrats and one Republican
did regard what Mr.. Matthews
said as an attack on the Ameri-
can clergy. They wanted to FIRE
him. Senator Mccarthy blocked
the move.
The Wisconsin Republican said
Mr.. Matthews had submitted his
resignation, but he had no pres
ent plans to accept it.
I tDish the Senator 1Oould ac-
cept it. / don't like sitting here
in the center of such a contro-
UerSy.
Long, Long Ago.
Today, as they ponder the
record of this strange career,
many an American may wonder
whether the man who lived it is
the right man for job which
impinges so intimately on their
lives and liberties. Many an
American, if he were to browse
through a slender volume of
sermons and lectures composed
by Mr.. Matthews in 1929. might
find himself wishing that the
author of those words could have
held this job when he felt as he
did back then-before he had set
off in pursuit of the political
extremes which have absorbed
him in the intervening years.
"In a world too largely ruled
by hate and fear. who can re-
store our faith in the way of
love? Is it not the same One
Who alone earned the right to
give us the new commandment.
that you are to love one an
other? He Who could ask for
giveneSS for his torturerS, Who
Evening star., 1953-07-09

in his chosen field Of commu-
nism. He was seldom in the
public eye. On one occasion
when he was. it was not at all
to his liking.
This was in the fight over the
appointment. in late 1850, of
Mrs. Anna NJ. Rosenberg as As
sistant Secretary of Defense in
charge of manpower problems.
| BENJAMIN H. Freedman, fight
ing the appointment, gave the
Senate Armed Services Commit
tee a statement. He said Mr..
Matthews had told him there
was an FBI file which would
prove that Anna M. Rosenberg
is the least desirable person in
the United States" to be ap-
pointed to the Defense post.
Before that Senate hearing
was through, the charges that
Mrs. Rosenberg had attended a
John Reed Club meeting and
otherwise associated with Com
munists had been thoroughly
diSproved-and Mr.. Matthews
reputation as an informer had
been somewhat tarnished.
Denies Freedman Statement.
He appeared before the COM
mittee and angrily denied the
Freedman statement. Mr.. Freed
man thereupon gave the COM
mittee copy of an anonymous
statement he said Mr.. Matthews
had directed to all Senators re-
garding Mrs. Rosenberg.
Mr.. Matthews denied that,
too. But former Senator Cain,
Republican, of Washington, told
the hearing: Il have been, told
by a pretty reliable character
that this fellow has been proc
essing written documents claim
ing that Anna Rosenberg is a
Communist and all the rest. And
here he is claiming no such
/ thing"
That was where the commit
tee left the matter after voting
unanimously for the conf1rma-
ton of Mrs. Rosenberg.
neuer sent out letters at
tacking Mrs. Rosenberg. One of
my clients, one of the biggest
publishers in the country.
asked me for a memorandum
on Mrs. Rosenberg. / prepared
it, for his eyes alone. In the
first paragraph I said that
nothing in it directly or indi-
rectly UdS to be taken as i'm
plying that Mrs. Rosenberg
1Oas a Communist or Commu-
mist sympathiser.
Freedman came to see me on.
aOhat he said tDas a matter OF
"Hte or DEATH" He 1DGnted to
knolD If I had any information
on Mrs. Rosenberg. In the
end, Just to get rid of him, /
gaze him a copy of the men,
ordndum. I don't knoW Uhdt
he did tUith it.
BEST Informed Man"
Three weeks ago, Mr.. Matthews
went to work for the Mccarthy
subcommittee. Il had been try
ing to get him for a long time"
Senator Mccarthy said. Il re-
gard him as the best informed
man in the United States on
communism.
Mr.. Matthews had hardly un-
packed his bags, however. when
the present storm broke over
what he had written about Prot
estant clergymen. The article,
Reds and Our Churches" was
one of a series of controversial
pieces Mr.. Matthews has written
for the American Mercury Maga-
zine. Another called "Commu-
nism and the New Deal" is
| scheduled to appear in the Au-
gust issue of the magazine.
Evening star., 1953-07-09

In life and death revealed that
God is love, says to US: I am the
real and living way"
So spoke Mr.. Matthews in
1929. And again:
LET us have franknesS In dis
Evening star., 1953-07-09

as CLle mOoeTu uDeral CnufCn,
and castigateS it for supporting
the policies of the late President
Roosevelt. This might be taken
as supporting a contention that
Mr. Matthews, in later life, has
been singularly unwilling to
grant: namely, that the liberal
position is as distasteful to the
extreme left-winger as it is to
the extreme right-winger.
The church has not been the
only victim of Mr.. Matthews
personal double standard" of
judgment. In 1884, for instance,
he struck out at Rexford Guy
Tugwell for rejecting the Marx
ian concept of the class struggle.
He struck out at Mr.. Tugwell
again in 1938-as a dangerous
reformer who wanted to make
America over"
No Immunity.
When Mr.. Matthews was a
fellow-traveler, he hated Mr..
Tugwell. But there is no particu-
lar reason to suppose that that
this fact has gained Mr.. Tugwell
any immunity from a suspicion
in Mr.. Matthews mind today
that Mr.. Tugwell was and is a
fellow-traveler. Any more than
the church has gained immunity
by virtue of the fact that Mr..
Matthews hated 1t too, in the
days when he was writing Part
ners in Plunder."
1t is a stinking, nasty book.
That's the trouble about tUritino
books. Sometimes you Dant to
repudi1te 1Uh1t you'Ue aDritten.
God forgive me for tDriting that.
Favors Consumers Society,""
In 1886, Mr.. Matthews pub
lished another book. It was
called "Guinea Pigs No More
and was devoted largely to ad-
vocating a consumers society"
But it also reflected his complete
disillusionment with the entire
political left wing.
Behind the new attitude were
several events. One was a 1885
strike at Consumers Research,
which Mr.. Matthews claimed
was a Communist effort to take
over the organization. Back Of
that was a Madison Square Gar
den fracas in 1884 in which the
Communists broke up a trade un-
ion meeting. Mr.. Matthews was
in Flint, Mich, at the time, and
Immediately telegraphed his res
ignation from the American
League Against War and Facism.
This wds a very crucial euent
in my life. This 1D1S the first
realization I had that you can't
Uork Uith the Communists.
In the end, ! came out anti
StdtiSt and dnti-collectiutst. /
like to think of myself as a
libertarian OF the 18th century.
Explaining the Switch.
Many witnesses before con-
gressional Red hunters, includ-
ing Senator McCarthy's COM
mittee, have found it difficult to
explain how and why they shifted
from leftist views they once held.
In trying to do 50, some have
experienced a rough time at
the hands of questioners.
Several of Mr.. Matthews crit
les have questioned whether a
man at the age of Al, could pos
sibly have effected a complete
about-face in his political philos-
ophy, as Mr.. Matthews claims to
have done.
Mr.. Matthews explains that af-
ter joining Consumers Research
he moved away from New York
and went through period of re-
examining his whole economic
and political philosophy. Why
he had not done that before is
Evening star., 1953-07-09

something he himself is puz-
zled about!
I'Ue asked myself that ques-
tion. The only reason I can
think OF is stupidity. ! can't
understand Dhy / UdS so long
enmeshed in those things.
Star Witness for Dies.
In 1888 Mr.. Matthews left Con-
SumerS' Research. Within a few
months he made his first ap-
pearance as a star witness be-
fore the House Committee on
Un-American Activities, headed
by Representative Martin Dies
Democrat. of Texas.
Mr.. Matthews testimony or
that occasion and on subsequent
days at the hearings, proved a
historic sensation. The details OF
his revelations are unimportant
today. Their significance lies in
the fact that Mr.. Matthews was
responsible for shifting the basic
line of congressional inquiry into
subversive activities. Up to then
the investigators had concerned
themselves with the doings of a
mere $4,000 American Commu-
mist Party card holders. It was
Mr.. Matthews who put the finger
on the fellow traveller as an
enemy of the people.
| Almost Single-handed, he
opened entire new vistas for Mr.
Dies and the Un-American grour
millions of "pinkos" and sim
pie dupes, potentially more dan
gerouS to the safety of the Ma
ton. perhaps. than the Com
munists themselves. In so doing
too. Mr.. Matthews opened fol
himself a new career. Congress
raised the Dies Committees ap-
preparation from SOS, 900 to $780,
600. And MIR. Matthews went on
the committees payroll at a sal
ary of $4,000 a year. Three years
later he was getting $1,000 q
year.
Its amazing how a man like
Matthews can be so useful" Mr..
Dies once remarked to q COL
League, Representative Starnes of
Alabama.
Fathered File System.
Mr.. Matthews proved his USE
fulness to the Dies Committee in
many ways. Not the least of
these was his fathering of the
committees file system. viewed
oy many impartial observers as
perhaps the most notorious
aspect Of the subversive investi-
cation problem. He started with
five copies of the Daily Worker.
BY 1914, filing cases jammed
with the names of suspicious
Americans were spilling out into
the corridors around the COM
mittee Offices. The files have
been growing ever since.
If the Dies Committee can be
said to have made Mr.. Matthews.
1t is equally true. in the opinion
OF most students of that era, that
Mr.. Matthews made the Dies
Committee. He tended to treat
committee members, their chair
man included, with avuncular
condeScension.
Some of them may have re-
sented it. but by and large Mr..
Matthews Red-hunting bosses
have been most appreciative of
his services. His present boss is
no exception. One of Mr. Mat
theWs' cherished possessions to-
day is a desk set inscribed: ITO
j. B. Matthews. a star-spangled
American, from one of his pupils
and admirers" The donor was
Senator Mccarthy.
Rosenberg Incident.
Before joining the Mccarthy
subcommittee. Mr.. Matthews
spent eight years in New York
as a consultant and researcher
Evening star., 1953-07-09

the Consumers Research. He
was in another transition period.
His interests were beginning to
shift from pacIf1sm and related
matters to consumer subjects.
He was starting to move from
left to right in his political and
economic views.
partners in Plumber"
The transition, however. took
time. In 1885. Mr.. Matthews was
still MarxiSt Socialist in his be-
liefs, assuming the contents of
the book he published in that
year were fair indication of his
philosophy. This one was Part
ners in Plumber" AS the name
implies, it was primarily an at
tack on American business and
the capitalist system, both OF
which institutions Mr.. Matthews
lambasted with a will.
But the significance of the
volume lies in the fact that in
it MI. Matthews took up once
again the subject of religion that
he formerly had espoused-the
subject he has placed before the
Mccarthy committee today.
1T is not the least of the func-
tions of religion, Mr.. Matthews
wrote, Ito confer moral sane
tions upon whatever is deemed
urgent for the controlling eco
nomic forces of society"
The crusades resulted. he ex-
planned. from the need ito keep
open the trade routes to the
East" And Gods love of the
heathen was discovered stimuli
taneously with the heathen's i'm
portance as a consumer Of goods
and a holder of riches in raw
material"
Church In War and Peace.
Mr.. Matthews predicted that
"churchmen who today react SEN
timentally against the horrors
Of war will react similarly to-
morrow against the horrors Of
peace when the economic order
with which the church has be-
come intimately identified is, or
may plausibly be argued to be, at
stake"
The state, as Mr.. Matthews
saw it in those days, "does not
ask the church to exercise the
powers of physical coercion; it
asks only that the church exer-
else the necessary control over
the minds Of men so that the
states own use of the powers of
physical coercion will find no
obstacle in the moral judgments
of ecclesiaSticiSm."
Mr.. Matthews told his readers
the Episcopal Church was dom
mated by j. P. Morgan. He i'm
piled that Andrew Mellon was the
boss Presbyterian. He observed
that Rockefeller money made
possible the noble edifice on
Riverside drive. New York City.
where the Rev. Harry Emerson
Fosdick comforts the Rockefeller
dynasty with this declaration:
Personally. I dread the thought
of collectivism which Russia rep
resents as 1 would dread the
devil
49," said Mr.. Matthews slyly.
"does John D. Rockefeller, jr.
dread it,"
The conclusion was plain:
1.-THE churches are gradually but
surely being enlisted in the
struggle on the side of business
to combat the social forces that
are demanding a new world"
Objected to Liberalism.
1t is interesting to note that
then. just as now, the thing
about the Church which seemed
particularly to annoy Mr.. Mat
thews was it's "liberalism"-in-
deed, he refers to it scathingly
Evening star., 1953-07-09

cussion. fairness when we differ,
and above all things fellowship
that becomes the family Of God"
But all that, Of course, was q
long time ago.
Evening star., 1953-07-09


During the "leftist" period. the
orbit in which Mr.. Matthews
moved included such men as
Earl Browder, then head of the
American Communist Party, and
many others identified with the
Communist movement. But Mr..
Matthews says he himself never
Joined the party, and was never
more that a left-wing Socialist
The years 1884 through 1886
in Mr.. Matthews view. were
critical ones in his life. In De
cember, 1898. he was fired BY
the Fellowship for Reconcilia,
ton for advocating that in tht
event of a "claSs war" pacifi-
ciSts should support the workers.
At about the same time he wa.
suspended by the Socialist Party
for taking positions which the
party opposed as overly leftist,
In 1884 Mr.. Matthews became
a director and vice president of
Evening star., 1953-03-08
Police Boys Club No. 4
Nears Sweep on Court

Police Boys Club No. 4 now has
two basketball titles after its
120-pounder beat No. II. 1896,
yesterday at No. 4 and has
chance to sweep all five divi-
SionS.
No. As unlimited team took
its championship with a 69-46
victory over No. II Thursday.
No. As 80, 105 and 135-pound
f1ves are still in the running.
In other Police Boys Club &C
ton yesterday No. II routed No.
10, 40-19 in a 120-pound game:
No. IL got past No. II, 1920 and
No. 10 topped No. 4, 1915 in
9O-pound action, and No. IL
rolled over No. II, 48-19. and No.
10 edged No. S, 21-19 in the
105-pound class. In the 1885,
pound game No. 4 and No. IL
battled to a 61-61 tie and will
play the overtime period Tues
day.
Evening star., 1953-03-08
Marciano Bout Tickets
60 on Sale Tomorrow
BY the Assoeloied Press

CHICAGO, Mar. 7.-Tickets
for the April 10 return match be-
tween Heavyweight Champion
Rocky Marciano and Jersey Joe
Walcott at the Chicago stadium
go on sale Monday.
The 15-round title bout, which
will be televised nationally but
blacked out in Chicago and Mil
waukee. is priced at $50, $50, $40,
$40 and IS.
Truman Gibson, secretary of
the International Boxing Club.
said ticket requests already have
been filed from Is States.
Mail order requests go to the
International Boxing Club, 1888
West Madison street, Chicago IL.
Ill.
The champ has an apple or
orange between meals if he's
hungry, and a glass of milk at
bedtime if he wants it.
That's the only time milk is
available.
"It chokes a fighter up here. "
Reinauer said, clutching his
throat.