davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-02-01

Labor union leaders are talking
labor unity again. In the next week
or so. the American Federation of
Labor and the Congress Of Indus
trial Organizations will appoint
small working committees to carry
on some negotiations. Then, prob
ably in late February, these men
who, f1guratively, were once at each
others throats, will gather around
a table and see what they can do to
make a reality of the long discussed
merger of the big labor organiza-
tionS.
The plan is for the AFL and CIO
to try first to work out basis for
union. Then, if they are successful
or are able to make substantial
progress toward a meeting of minds,
the independent unions, not affili-
ated with either AFL or CIO, will
be brought into the discussions. The
larger Independents are John L.
Lewis United Mine Workers, and
four railroad unions made up Of
people who run the trains-the So
called operating" brotherhoods.
The ultimate goal is to forge all
unions into a powerful organization
of some 100000 members. That
is, all unions would be brought in
except the half dozen or so the CIO
expelled four years ago for alleged
subservience to Moscow and the
Communist Party line. Those
unions eventually will die on the
vine, it is hoped. The biggest one
of that group is the United Electro
cal Workers, which still has tight
hold on plants of General Electric
and elsewhere. The most powerful
left-wing outfit probably is Harry
Bridges Longshoremen's Union,
which still controls the water fronts
of the West Coast.
Best Chonee Since Split
Conditions are more favorable for
unity of labor now than at any time
since the big split in AFL ranks in
1885, when the CIO was born. Re-
cent happenings tend to bring all
labor closer together. But whether
these events have been sufficiently
jarring to bring about the talked-of
merger is highly questionable. The
odds are greatly against it. George
Meany, the new president Of the
AFL, is leading sponsor of the new
unity talks. Yet. when asked about
the chance Of the talks being sue
cessful, the perfectly frank Mr..
Meany thought a moment and said
II would say the odds are 8 to S
against" He probably was optimis-
tic.
The fact that both the AFL and
CIO have new, vigorous and far
seeing presidents are among the fac
tors favorable to success Of the
merger talks. Neither Mr.. Meany
nor Walter p. Reuther, the new
president of the CIO, were so init
mately involved In the AFL-CIO
wars Of other years as were their
late predecessors. william Green and
Philip Murray. Mr.. Meany, for in
stance, does not say to the Junior
organization return to the House Of
Labor" which was the favorite ad-
vice of Mr.. Green, and was quite
CALLING to the CIO. AS for Mr..
Reuther. he seems to get along with
AFL people better than did Mr..
Murray or any Of the old CIO lead
ers. Just recently he lunched with
Mr.. Meany. It seemed q pleasant
sort Of meeting.
The AFL and CIO both gave solid
support to Adlai Stevenson in last
falls election. They were brought
closer together by his resoundinR de-
Evening star., 1953-02-01

minds Of their own and "the cour-
age to express their views" Then,
explaining what he meant by "posi-
tive loyalty" without using those
words again, he went on to say that
once decisions are finally made I'VE
must all turn in, Loyalty, to support
those policies"
He spoke of the department and
Foreign Service employees as fine
body of Americans" And he said it
was thrilling and exciting" for him
to be associated with them. He also
stressed the long Identification of
his family with the department and
Foreign Service.
Mr.. Dulles has been somewhat
handicapped SO far in his direction
of the State Department because
his chosen Undersecretary for policy
matters, Gen. Walter Bedell Smith,
has not yet been able to assume
Office. Gen. Smiths retirement
from the Army was effective only
last midnight. And he still has
to be passed on by the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee and
confirmed by the Senate.
Delay in Senate confirmation of
other top assistants also has slowed
down some operations. But Gen.
Smiths presence in the Undersecre-
tary post is considered the greatest
need because of the important role
of that Office in co-ordinating the
functioning of the whole depart
ment.
Pending Gen. Smiths confirma-
ton. H. Freeman Matthews, a
career diplomat who served as
Deputy Undersecretary under former
Secretary Acheson, is Acting Secre-
tary of State during Mr.. Dulles
absence in Europe.
Mr.. Matthews is expected to re-
main a deputy to Gen. Smith, for
some time at least, as a top link be-
tween the old and new administra-
tions. But it must be rather difficult
for him to take the responsibility
now of acting for Mr.. Dulles after
such brief official association with
the new Secretary.
Snoe in Recruitment?
Meanwhile, there is speculation
that Mr.. Dulles is encountering diff
ficulty in persuading the high
caliber of men he wants to join his
new team in running the State De-
partment.
So far, the only announced new
names for top positions in the de-
partment are those of Gen. Smith
and Mr.. Lourie, and Thruston Nor
ton, as Assistant Secretary for con-
gressional relations; Carl McCardle,
as Assistant Secretary for public
affairs, and Herman Phleger, as
legal adviser.
= In addition to Mr.. Matthews, other
holdovers from the Truman-Acheson
administration continuing to func-
ton include: Counselor Charles E.
Bohlen; Deputy Undersecretary for
Administration Carlisle Humelsine;
Assistant Secretaries John D. Hick-
erson, for United Nations affairs;
Harold F. Linder, for economic af-
fairs; Henry A. Byroade, for Near
Eastern affairs; John M. Allison, for
Far Eastern affairs. and Acting AS
sistant Secretaries Thomas c. Mann,
for inter-American affairs, and
James c. H. Bonbright, for Euro
pean affairs.
Evening star., 1953-02-01
Benson
His Farm Program
Is Still Underlined
By james E. Roper

Politicians and the public are try
ing to get Ezra Taft Benson. the
new Secretary of Agriculture, to out
line what is to come under a Re-
publlcan-run farm program. But
Secretary Benson isn't saying. Even
when Senators ask him specific ques-
tions, he doesn't say.
His aides, however, are passing
around the Semioff1cial word that
for the time being, the farm pro-
grams won't change much. They
say workers won't be fired, programs
won't be cut back, or less money
spent.
Even the razZle-dazzle reorganiza-
ton Of the Agriculture Department
is discounted as an indication of any
change in program emphasis. Sec
retary Benson, in announcing the
reorganization as soon as he took
Office, billed it as a big economy
move against a swollen bureaucracy
in the department.
More for Our Money
Men close to Secretary Benson
say, however, that he intended only
to increase efhciency-that is, give
the taxpayers more action for the
same amount of money. There was
no intention, they say, Of giving the
farmers less service.
The reorganization that Secretary
Benson ordered was only one of
series that has hit the department
during the past two decades. This
time, various agencies handling SIM
liar work were put into five work
Ing groups" Each group is headed
by an executive who will report to
Secretary Benson. Previously, most
of the agencies reported directly to
the Secretary'S Office.
On paper, the reorganization
seemed to denote the sprawling
Production and Marketing Admins
tration, which has run most Of the
departments action" programs. But
Secretary BenSon'S aides said there
is no intention to shake up at this
time PMA'S system of committees
a full-time committee in each State,
with part-time committees in each
county and many communities.
PIMA did, however, lose control of
its controversial agricultural con-
servation program. This program
which doled out millions of dollars
to farmers for improving their own
land-was placed in a new group
along with the old-line Soil Conser-
Vation Service.
Benson men cite this as the type
Of economy he wants. In the past,
Soil Conservation has spent literally
to tell farmers what they should do
to protect their land-but the farm
erS had to pay for the work. The
Agricultural Conservation Program,
operating independently, gave money
to farmers to do this work. Some
times the work meant no more than
putting fertilizer on their crops.
Fronk Admission
One Agriculture Department off,
cial who has spent good deal Of
time defending the ACP system
under the Democrats now admits
frankly that the scheme was in
tended mostly to distribute cash
to farmers.
It is logical, this official says, for
ACP and Soil Conservation to be
closer. Some duplication or conflict
Of work may be avoided If they are
under the same director. Still, the
Benson regime is not ready at this
time to say that ACP will be
trimmed, although Republicans for
Evening star., 1953-02-01
By Gornett D. Horner

John Foster Dulles has moved
swiftly during his first 10 days as
Secretary of State to try to establish
good relations with Congress, the
Nations military chiefs, the public
and his co-workerS, and to get a
first-hand appraisal of the situation
in Europe.
These things had top priority in
his apparently well thought out
plan of action upon realization of
his long cherished ambition to be
Secretary of State.
Still high on the list is his deter
mination that American foreign
policy must give more attention to
the Far East. Aides say his going
to Europe now doesn't mean any
neglect of Asia. He wants to make
a personal survey there, like he is
doing in Europe now, as soon as
the pressure of business permits.
That probably won't be for some
months yet.
No Hurry With Broom
Mr. Dulles seems to be in no hurry
to carry out any sweeping house
cleaning Of the Sta,e Department
despite the attention given that sub
ject during the political campaign
that brought the Eisenhower admin
1Strat1on into power. He is ex-
pected to leave that problem largely
in the hands Of Donold B. Lourie,
due to fill new post of Undersecre-
tary of State for administration and
operations.
Even the filling Of top-level Jobs
subject to presidential appointment
is progressing slowly. So far, new
men have been named for only two
of the 10 Assistant Secretary posts.
Holdovers from the Truman admin
istration-some of them career men
who may be kept on indefinitely
are continuing to function in the
others.
How well Mr.. Dulles has succeeded
in his own top priority actions is a
matter Of opinion.
One veteran official who has
worked in the State Department
under 10 Secretaries of State said
Mr.. Dulles actions indicate that "he
knows what he's doing perhaps bet
ter than any other Secretary ever
did in his first days on the job"
Most observers in and out of the
department concede good intentions
to Mr.. Dulles. They give him credit
for getting of to good start with
Congress. But many feel his special
efforts to do the same as regards
the public, the military chiefs and
the great mass of State Department
employees have not come off so well.
Success of his European mission
cannot be judged yet. He left Fri
day with Mutual Security Director
Harold E. Stassen for a To-day visit
to Italy. France, Great Britain, Ger
many, the Netherlands, Belgium and
Luxembourg. He wants to check up
on the prospects of what he has
called the now somewhat stalled"
movement for Western European
unity. And by conferences with
leaders of the Western European
countries he hopes to stave of visits
by many Of them to WASHINGTON
until the. new administration here
Evening star., 1953-02-01
Home Problems

Home Problems
But Mr.. Dulles gave first atten-
tion upon being sworn into Office
a week ago last Wednesday evening
to home problems of the State De-
partment.
He strongly feels the need of
working in close cooperation with
Congress in the making of foreign
policy. He demonstrated this by i'm
mediately going to the Capitol to
outline his thinking on major prob
lens to the Senate and House COM
mittees dealing with foreign affairs.
Another early move was to invite
the Joint Chiefs of Staff to a lunch
con discussion. He put before them
his philosophy Of how the United
States must deal with trouble spots
around the world. His aim was to
assure close cooperation Of the
military. The meeting undoubted-
ly accomplished some good, but
from the Pentagon come reports of
Evening star., 1953-02-01
Spoceships
Study by Commission
Needed, Expert Says

(ThiS is a condensation OF an
article. "A DoUn-to-Earth VieD
OF Space Flight" By the head Of
the rocket section of the NaU1L
Research Laboratory. The article
appeared in Research ReUie,DS,
published by the Office of Naval
Research.
Evening star., 1953-08-30
Holes in Doughnuts
Found Appetizine
BY the Associated Press

DES MONIES. - There Is a
doughnut shop here where you
can also eat the holes.
Chunks of dough punched out
. in the production process are
cooked separately and served to
customers.
Evening star., 1953-08-30
German
Continued From First Page.)

lunatic fringe if it sweeps a size
able delegation into parliament.
The party also plans to raid
the more moderate rightwing
parties like the Free Democrats
and the German party, both
members of Chancellor Konrad
Adenauer's three-party coalition,
these leaders say.
In their campaign, German
Reich party candidates are tell
ing the voters that Germany
needs only one political party
with "a national feeling" They
call for the support of every
trustworthy patriot"
Investigators found that of the
party's IA district candidates in
lower Saxony, II were members
of the Nazi party before Hitler
came to power in 1888.
The Interior Ministry said the
Federal cabinet will be asked to
approve the suit Tuesday. Cab
met approval is considered GER
tain since Chancellor Adenauer
has publicly deplored the emer-
gence Of an openly pro-Nazi
party.
One Party Banned.
Bonn officials pointed out the
constitutional court already has
banned one NaZi-like party-the
Socialist Reich party-in a suit
similar to that planned against
the German Reich party.
Germany's democratic lead
ers already have struck hard at
Naziism's campaign for a politi-
cal comeback. Three states
Hesse, Baden Wuerttemberg and
North Rhine -Westphalia-barred
the German Reich party's slate
from the election.
And the party's two star can
didates-Luftwaffe Ace Hans Ru-
del and former Hitler propa-
gandist DR.. Werner Naumann-I
were tossed out as candidates
by state officials.
The one-legged Rudel who
claims to have bagged 500 Rus
sian tanks during the war, flew
here from Argentina this week.
He is an adviser to President
Juan D. Peron'S air force.
Meanwhile Chancellor Ade-
nauer started his final whistle
stop" tour through the heavily
populated North German states.
Travelling in a bright-red spe-
cial train and accompanied by
over 100 newsrnen, the 77-year-
old DR.. Adenauer will speak in
half dozen of the nations
biggest cities before winding up
his campaign with rally in |
Bonn next Friday.
Evening star., 1953-08-30
Union Head Killed,
Bronx Police Hold
Fired Track Man
sy the Assoeioted Press

NEW YORK, Aug. 29.-Police
picked up a former $2,00O-a-
month race track trouble shoot
er" for questioning today in the
Staying of Thomas F.. Lewis, IS,
a union official who had him
fired.
Lawrence Oar) Lynch, for
merly employed at the Yonkers
Raceway, a suburban New York
trotting track, was found by
detectives at his home at Hope
we'll Junction, N. Y, and taken to
a Bronx police station.
Mr.. Lewis was shot dead in a
corridor outside his Bronx apart
ment suite yesterday by Edward
(SnakeS) Ryan. a former con-
vict who in turn was chased into
a park and shot and killed by
Patrolman Vincent Langan.
Authorities expressed belief
Ryan was a hired killer. They
said they knew of no personal
animosity by Ryan toward Mr..
Lewis.
Mr.. Lewis was president of Lo-
cal BE, AFL Building Service
Employees Union. which includes
Yonkers Raceway employees
among its membership.
Maintained Union Peace.
Bronx Assistant District At
torney George Tilzer said Lynch's
Notwithstanding role was that
of IAN efficiency expert whose
job it was to maintain good rela-
tions with unions at the track"
to ward off strikes or disputes
that might hamper track opera
tions.
Mr.. TilZer said Mr.. Lewis
learned that Lynch was a brother
OF one of his own union officials.
James Lynch, and feared the
union would be criticized for
having a family connection with
the track management.
Mr.. Lewis asked RaceWay Off
c1als to dismiss Lar Lynch and
they complied last June, Mr..
Tilzer said.
Police said that when RYAN
ran from the apartment house.
an automobile moved slowly
along the curb as if to pick him
up, but drove away when the
shooting broke out.
Car Registration Is Clue.
Police got the registration
number and said it belonged to
Mrs. Margaret Howell of Ridge
field. N. j. They said her hus-
band, William Howell, who had
been employed at Yonkers Race
way, was a friend of Lynch.
Detectives said Lynch told
them he first heard of the slay-
ing about 6 pm. yesterday while
with his brother, James, a union
delegate, and the latter's wife,
Anne, in Far Rockaway, Queens.
He said he later drove home
and that his brother and his
wife returned to their home in
the Bronx.
Mr.. Tilzer said Lawrence
Lynch had a police record dating
back to 1888 and that he cur
rently is on probation on a
charge of theft from an inter-
state shipment in 1914.
Patrolman Langan said Ryan
tried to get into the getaway car.
THE car sped away without
him." Mr.. Langan continued.
He turned and fired a shot at
me. He missed. I fired again and
he fell"
After questioning Lynch for
more than two hours, the district
attorneys Office reported that he
had been extremely uncoopera-
tive and generally won't talk"
An official said Lynch denied
knowing Ryan and refused to
discuss Mr.. Lewis.
Evening star., 1953-08-30
Copt. Robert Laird, 78,
Head of "a Sea Rescue
BY the Associated Press

NEW ORLEANS. Aug. %
Capt. Robert Laird. 78, retired
who was the hero of a rescue at
sea in 1924, died today.
While master of the Atlantida
a fruit ship, he figured in the
rescue at sea, off the coast OF
Honduras, of the master and 81
crewmen of the American
motorship James Timpson.
For this exploit, on October 18
1924. President Coolidge pre-
sented a watch to Capt. Laird.
Evening star., 1953-08-27
House Minority Aide
Held on Drunk CHARGE

A man identified by Prince
Georges County police as Jo-
seph Callahan, 48, minority SER
geant of arms of the House of
Representatives, was arrested
last night on a drunk and diSor-
derly charge.
County police Pvts. John
Branzel and Carroll Bond made
the arrest at 9 pm. on complaint
of a woman who gave an address
in the 4800 block of Avondale
road, Hyattsville. Mr.. Callahan
gave the same address.
He was held at Hyattsville jail
until 3 am. when a hondsman
obtained his release on $100
bond. A hearing was set for
Monday in Hyattsville.
Police said the complainant
was Mrs. Lucille Walsh, a guide
at the Capitol. Pvt. Branzel said
she obtained the warrant after
complaining Mr.. Callahan had
been tearing up furniture"
Mr.. Callahan was sergeant at
arms of the House under the
Democratic 82d Congress. \
Evening star., 1953-08-27
Remnant of Peory Flag Found
Near Pole, Claimed for Widow
Canada Also Wants Relic Discovere
In Food Cache by Two Scientists

A piece of an American flag
left in the Arctic by Admiral
Robert E. Peary, the first man to
reach the North Pole, has been
brought back to civilization and
is being claimed by his daugh-,
ter here.
The fragment, one of five torn
from the emblem and left at
high points of the explorers
Arctic penetrations, was recov-
cred by Canadian scientists re-
Gently. Peary reached the Pole
in 1909.
On announcement Of the dis
covery, the admiral's daughter,
Mrs. Edward Stafford, wife of
a Washington attorney of 1908
Allison street NV, wrote the.
Canadian government claiming
the relic for her aged mother,
now in Portland, Me.
Canada's public archives also
WdnG Lle fragment.
Flag Made by Wife.
The National Geographic So
ciety says the flag, made by Mrs.
Peary, was carried by the ad-
miral on his explorations for Is
years, wearing it wrapped around
his body.
AS each high point Of ex-
ploration was reached, he de-
posted one fragment.
Two of them were recovered
earlier and with the remains of
the flag, are at the Stafford
home here.
Two other pieces were put in
containers and placed in markers
erected on sea ice. They prob
ably never will be recovered.
The newly-found fragment
was recovered by Godfrey Hat
tersley- Smith, 80, a Defense Re-
search Board Arctic specialist,
and Robert Blackadar, 25, Mines
Evening star., 1953-08-27
Slayer to Hang at Midnight
Unless McKeIdin Intervenes

Glover, 33-year-old Washing
ton Negro, was convicted of
killing James A. Becraft, 40, by
beating him to death with a
pair of pliers at a service station
at Beltsville, January 90, 1852.
A three-judge court in Prince
Georges County found him gull
ty of first-degree murder and
imposed a sentence of hanging,
an action later upheld by the
Maryland Court of Appeals.
Glover was arrested "a hours
after the killing. He pleaded
insanity and was transferred to
Brownsville State Hospital for
mental examination.
He escaped from the mental
institution June 3, 1852, but was
recaptured eight days later in
Trenton, N. J.
Evening star., 1953-08-27
Shovel Rips Phone Cables,
HyuttsviIle Service DISRUPTED

off also. and no outgoing calls
could be made.
In many sections calls could be
received but no outgoing calls
could be made.
The construction work was in
the 1900 block of Decatur street,
HyattSville. A Steamshovel cut
two cables serving from 5000 to
5000 customers, mostly in the
Cheverly and Chapel Oaks area.
The break threw signals back
into the Hyattsville Office, over
loading the automatic dial equip
ment. Consequently, people try
ing to make a call could not get
a dial tone.
Prince Georges General Hos
pital was one of the customers
without phone service. The COM
pany planned to set Up O mobile
unit there later.
Evening star., 1953-08-27

Department geologist, who spent
four months along an ice shelf
north of bleak Ellesmere Island,
500 miles from the Pole.
Other Relics Returned.
They also brought back relics
from British Royal Navy expe-
dition of 1875-76 and food
cached for Capt. Raold Amund-
sen when his expedition was at
tempting to circle the rim OF the
Arctic Ocean in 1920.
The Canadian archives admit
they want to keep the piece of
flag, but in view of the circum-
stances they're willing to COM
promise.
If Prime Minister Louis st.
Laurent rules that it be sent to
Peary's widow, the archivists
want him to stipulate that it
will be only a loan, and that it
must be returned to the Cana
dian archives after Mrs. Peary's
death.
The object of this disagree
ment is a piece of silk about
by 10 inches. 1t consists of
part of the blue field with two
stars and parts of two red and
white stripes. It is perfectly
preserved despite the At years
it spent buried under a 5-foot
pile of rocks which Peary and
three Eskimo dog sled drivers
erected.
Other Peary relics the scien-
lists found included a whole
case of timed pemican with
the Armour Company of Chi
cago" labels still intact. Hat
tersley- Smith tried some and
found it "quite good"
Note Also Found.
Peary also left a note which
the Canadian said looked as if
written yesterday" Dated June
8, 1906, it read:
Arrived here midnight June
7 from the Peary Arctic Clubs
S. S. Roosevelt, which wintered
at Cape Sheridan. Am on my
way west along the coast with
three Eskimos and three sledges.
Last night I killed six musk oxen
just east of here.
"There is nearly continuous
water along the ice foot. A lane
running directly north from here
and several lanes to the north
east and northwest.
I'm April of this year reached
the highest north yet attained.
Going north of the meridian of
this cape and returning upon
the Greenland coast a little east
of so degrees west longitude.
I built this monument and
leave this record with a portion
(See PEARY, Page A-22)