davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-10-07

dues from the salary of the
worker.
"Our labor union friends
contend, and rightfully so,
that unions have helped make
possible better working condi-
tions and higher wages. Be-
cause of this they feel that all
employees in a unionized plant
should be forced to join the
union and that union dues be
deducted from paychecks in
what is known as the check
Off system. Union officials re-
fer to those who do not desire
to belong to the union as free
riders because such non-mem-
berS obtain benefits of unions,
without helping pay for such
benefits.
Along with this same line of
reasoning is the fact that our
churches are the greatest or
ganizationS in the world. They
have done much for all man
kind. Yet, no citizen is forced
to belong to any church or re-
quired to pay church dues.
"Unquestionably the Ameri-
can Legion, the VFW and other
service organizations have done
much to provide benefits to the
veterans. Yet, it is not re-
quired of any veteran that he
be forced to join any of the
service organizations or re-
quired to pay dues to any of
them.
CAS- a matter of fact, indi-
vidual labor unions themselves
have the right to say whether
they belong to the AFL, the
CIO or, in the case of others
such as the railroad organiza-
tionS and the UNIV, to remain
free and independent unions.
"The Alabama Farm Bureau
Federation has done much for
our farmers. Yet, no farmer
is forced to be a member of
the Farm Bureau or to pay
dues to them unless he so
desires.
"The Alabama Education
Association is the organization
which represents school teach
erS, and while the AEA has
worked to provide for higher
wages and safeguard working
Evening star., 1953-10-07
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

Secretary of State Dulles we're considering
aggression pact with Russia This will give guarantee that
Russia has no aggressive aims when she attacks
Democrats there's only sabotage World
Champion New York Yankees-put Agriculture Secretary
Benson in charge of their farm system.
Mamie Esenhowers cabin at the Augusta National Golf
Course gets furniture. Mamie only White
House first lady-she's its first golf widow.
Ike names Robert E. Lee, Republican, to the Federal
Communications Commission. This Robert Lee will be known
out-andout Repubcan-ho chapters Daughters
OF the Confederacy jumping out the windows.
Vice President Nixon Senator Calfor-
MAS Gov Knight for election. Nixon eye
to everythingwhich is only natural between
presidential candidates afraid let other sight
Ike hve-point program to avert atomic
We're appealing to the Russians better instincts After
should they'd have to forgo the pleasure pugng
another,
Baseball fans team should face the Champion
York Yankees without 10 good pitchers Five who
strikes-and five who throw at their heads.
Evening star., 1953-10-07
Thomas L. Stokes
Thon1os l. Stokes
The Coming War in California
showdown Between Nixon and KnowIond for Political
Control Of State G. O. P Is Regarded as Inevitable

When Earl Warren became
Chief Justice and took his
seat on the Supreme Court
here, he left more than a va
cancy in the Governorship of
California. That could be, and
has been, filled. He left vacant
also the control and leadership
of the Republican Party in
California which he exercised
for so long.
Politics, like nature, abhors
a vacuum. Accordingly, we are
seeing the beginning of a rush
to fill that particular vacuum.
1t is interesting here in the
National Capital for two rea-
sons. For one, the two men
who itch for that leadership
and control occupy key posts
here in the Eisenhower admin
istration, meaning, naturally.
Vice President Nixon, who is
not identified with the War
rem wing of the party in Cali
fornia. and Senator Knowland,
who is.
Another reason for interest
here is CALIFORNIA; impor-
tance in National politics. That
gives Importance in turn to
whoever is able to control that
segment of the party in the
empire State of the West, and
especially since the two figures
involved are regarded as aspir-
ants for the White House, it
self, that big, draughty Struc-
ture, a gold fish bowl of lone
Illness, which also sits here in
our fair city.
The stakes are national in
this California struggle for
power. however you look at it,
and that projects us forward
to 1866 and the Republican
convention of that year when
1t may become o dramatic is
Evening star., 1953-10-07
Catholics Plan Drive
For Clothing in u. 5.
To Aid War Sufferers
SpeeioI Dispotch 10 The Stor

ST. LOUIS, Oct. IA nation
wide clothing drive to aid war
sufferers will be held during
Thanksgiving week, the Rev.
Aloysius j. Wycislo of New York
announced yesterday at the clos
ing session of the 39th National
Conference of Catholic Charities
here.
Father Wycislo, assistant exec
utive director of War Relief
Services-National Catholic We'll
fare Conference, said the cam
paign will seek IL million pounds
of clothing.
More than $500 million worth
of relief shipments have been
sent to war sufferers through
out the world during the last 10
years, Father Wycislo also an
nounced.
The Right Rev. John O'Grady
of Washington, who has held the
post for many years. was re-
elected secretary of the confer
ence yesterday.
Other Washington residents
elected are Harry j. Kirk,
treasurer; the Right Rev. John
j. McCaferty of Catholic Uni
versity, to the Board of Direc-
tors, and the Rev. John j. Len
non, assistant secretary.
James B. Carey, secretary of
the CIO, also was elected to the
Board of Directors.
Hsgr. O'Grady, a native of
Ireland who was ordained a
priest in Dublin. came to the
United States in 1912 to enter
Catholic University as gradu-
ate student. He later became
dean of the university's School ]
of Social Work.
Evening star., 1953-10-07
Constantine Brown
Enigma Of the Swiss
Their Nation Of Divergent Peoples Has
Survived FeuduI Lords and Dictotors

This is the second of Con-
Stdnttne -BroDn's coln n s
written at the conclusion OF
his UGcation as he began a
surrey tour OF Europe.J
ZURICH, Switzerland (By
Air Mail) Switzerland is a
confederation of free men. VINO
have guarded jealousy their
freedom, arms in hand against
the encroachments of foreign
feudal lords since long before
Columbus discovered the vest
ern world.
This is a remarkable
achievement since no other
country in the world is COM
posed of such solid masses Of
peoples of different races.
creedS and languages.
OF the 4 million inhabitants
2 million speak German and
are Of Allemanic race; nearly
Is million speak only French
while the balance of 500. 900
have Italian as their mother
language. These people are not
spread indiscriminately around
the country. They are con-
centrated in compact groups:
the German-speaking Swiss
are in the eastern portion of
the country; the French speak
ing are in the west and the
Italian Swiss are in the south.
In each of these "cantonS"
equivalent of our States)
German, French and Italian
are the official languages. Only
in the canton of Berne, the
largest in the confederation,
and in official documents are
the three languages used
simultaneously.
It is far easier for a for
eigner to make himself under
stood in what is commonly
Evening star., 1953-10-07
The Right to Work Is Defined
Alabama Governor Explains Why He Approved Measure
Denying Labor Power to Force Workers to Join Unions
Dovid Lowrence

What is the definition of a
true liberal and what is the
acid test of liberalism IN Amer
lea today?
Gov. Gordon Persons of Ala
bama, a Democrat, in a recent
message to his Legislature
gave an explanation of the
civil rights of an individual
which merits the designation
of liberal in the best sense of
the word.
For the Alabama Governor
defined the right to work"
and, by the bill he made into
law, thwarted attempts to en-
slave the workers of Alabama.
This would have resulted from
proposals to make the tenure
of a workers job dependent on
what he thinkS-a species of
thought control" almost
never condemned by the So
called liberals"
1t is strange that a docu-
ment Of such Importance has
not been published generally
before this outside the State
of Alabama, especially since
many columns of news space
have been given recently to a
discussion of 19 proposed
amendments to the Taft
Hartley Act, sponsored by
Martin Durkin, one of which
would have taken away from
Alabama and all other States
the right, by State law, to
protect the individual against
compulsory unionization.
The text of this historic
message, which is about the
best summary ever written
against compulsory member
ship in a trade union as the
condition of holding a job, is
presented in full text here
the first time nationally pub
lished:
II have given a great deal Of
thought to the 'right-to-work'
bill (H. 222) which passed the
House by 81 to "a and the SEN
ate % to 8.
Mainly, this bill provides
that no person shall be denied
the privilege of working be-
cause he does not belong to a
labor union and that no firm
shall be forced to deduct union
Evening star., 1953-10-07
Two New Rhee Ministers
Are Named in .Shakeup
By the Associated Press

SEOUL, Oct. president
Syngman Rhee today named
two new cabinet ministers in
his government shakeup.
Aim Dong Hyluk, a professor
of the engineering school of
Seoul National University, was
appointed minister of commerce
and industry, succeeding Lee
Jae Hyung, resigned.
A former governor of Kyung
Sang Namdo province, Yang
Sung Bong, was appointed min
lister of agriculture and forestry,
fired by Rhee.
Mr.. Rhee has replaced four
of his 13-man cabinet in the
last month-the ministers of
finance, commerce, home and
agriculture.
Evening star., 1953-10-07

clash is regarded as almost in
evitable. The stakes in politi-
cal control of California are
high and too inviting.
Both are young men-the
Vice President, 40; the Sena-
tor, As. Both are ambitious.
Both are regarded as possible
candidates eventually for their
party's Presidential nomina-
tion-and there cannot be two
such from a single State, even
one so big as California. Only
one can be the "favorite son."
Aside from any Presidential
aspirations. being the boss"
of key State is. itself, prize
enough.
In Gov. Warren's retirement
from active politics, the Re-
publican Party in California
loses a e-getter who has
had few equals in any State
and whose political value was
compounded by his appeal for
so many Democrats. This last
is lacking, or at least not pres
ent in the same degree, in the
two younger men.
They have, however, some
thing that Gov. Warren lacked
so far as national ambitions
are concerned. That is push
and drive which the new Chief
Justice just never seemed to
generate. The Vice President
has been a very busy fellow
about this administration and
has made himself very useful
to Gen. Eisenhower in many
ways. In the trip he has just
begun. a mission also for the
President, he joins such other
world-traveled politicos as Gov.
Dewey of New York. Adlai Ste
venson. the Democrat. and
Senator Knowland. himself.
Such a grand tour" now seems
Evening star., 1953-10-07

conditions for the teachers,
those who do belong. do so of
their own free will. They
are not forced to join the AEA,
nor do they have dues deducted
from their salary checks.
THE various business or
ganizationS. including those
representing automobile deal
dealers. grocery stores and
drugstores in Alabama, have
unquestionably been of much
assistance to their members.
Yet, no business firm or fac
tory is forced to. become a
member of any organization.
Many other such examples
could be given. 1t may well be
that workers in some of our
Northern States do not object
to being required to join the
labor organization in their
plant and have no feeling
about being forced to have
dues deducted from their pay
checks.
However, in the South we
have free and independent
workers. Many wish to join
labor organizations and do so.
Certainly that is their privi-
lege. On the other hand, many
do not like the idea of being
forced to join any labor union
as a condition to work. Neither
are they agreeable to having
union dues deducted from
their salary checks.
Those who first settled in
our great country did so be-
cause they wanted to. It has
always been a tradition in
America that any man could
do as he pleased so long as he
did not violate the laws of our
land.
I'm my opinion, all of our
labor unions will be far
stronger and the members in
them will have a far greater
interest and respect in the
organizations if membership
can be shown to be desirable
and they are not forced to
join.
Because I believe in free
labor and free enterprise, I
am today signing the right
to-work' bill"
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1953-10-07

are a cheering note against
the desert sands.
The barracks are the same
substantial construction and
what. the men like best
easy to keep clean except, of
course, for having to dust
three or four times a day.
Even the forgotten men of
any military installations
the bachelors. always the first
to come and last to be served
get break in quarters at
Wheelus.
The result is a long way
from the Riviera that Mus
solini once dreamed of for
his then Libyan empire, but
it takes the curse off a diff
f1cult climate and the long
tour Of duty far from home.
Col. Rollen Anthis, the
young commanding officer,
and his staff have also con-
centrated on recreational IA
cilities, which are a problem
amid the sand and muggy
temperatures at Wheelus. A
suitable stretch of beach has
been fenced off and provided
with lifeguards and there are
numerous Fairgrounds. The
schools, he said, attract gen.
orally young and adventurous
teachers so that the parents
are well satisfied with that
aspect.
Such attentions to their
well-being do more than, i'm
prove immediate morale
among the men; they also
show that Congress under
stands the Importance of their
mission. Hence the brisk air
of Wheelus.
(Released by The Bell Syndicate. Inc!
Evening star., 1953-10-07
Doris FIeeson
Doris FIeeson-
WheeIus Fields Dual Role
Gateway to Middle East and First Line Of Retreat
TriPo Air Bose Gets Tools to Do Its Job

WHEELUS FIELD, Tripoli,
Oct. This air base is both
the gateway to the Middle
East and the first line of re-
treat should the defensive air
fields west of the Rhine suf-
fer disaster. It has the spruce
air of a base whose future has
been firmly decided, so that
it is getting the tools to do the
job.
Routinely it's task is to serve
as station on the global route
of the Military Air Transport
Service. lifeline of the world
wide chain of American mill
tary installations. A great
apron of asphalt and the long
runways mutely testify to its
military potential and they
are rarely without visiting air.
craft testing and probing
same.
Wheelus faces the Mediter-
ranean and at its back are
desert sands. Both are the
kind of wide-open spaces suited
to target practice of all kinds.
hence the traffic at Wheelus
is heavy.
Congress has duly noted the
possible Soviet invasion route
through the Middle East in
the form of an appropriation
Of $100,000,000 for military
construction at Wheelus, Dha-
ran Air Field in Saudi Arabia,
and an Army security and sig
nal corps installation at
Asmara in Eritrea. Army en-
gineers responsible for the
work estimate it is about so
per cent complete.
Tripoli is part of Libya, for
which the United Nations de-
creed a large measure of self
Evening star., 1953-10-07
Dorothy Thompson
Double Standards Of Judqn1ent
British Lobortes Oppose u NJ Scot for De Foco Regime
Of Spain, but Would Approve Chnos De Fucto Rulers
Dorothy Thompson

The foreign policy resolu-
ton of the British Labor Party,
almost unanimously adopted
by delegates to the party'S
annual conference last week,
is a good deal more anti
American than it is anti
Soviet, even though the mod
crates" repeatedly won out
over the left-wing faction of
Aneurin Bevan.
Although the Labor Party
is not in power, it represents
approximately half of the
British electorate and nearly
all British workers, and with
the two British parties as
nearly tied as they are, the
Labor Party's outlook has to
be carefully noted by its Con-
servative rival. The British
Labor Party is also the idol of
many American liberals who
slavishly approve its every line.
The resolution of October /,
which called for the neutrali-
zation of Korea and Formosa,
the seating of Communist
China in the United Nations,
and delay in any rearmament
of Germany, also virulently
denounced the military agree
ment between the United
States and Spain, as "inf1ict-
ing serious moral and political
damage" on the position of the
Western democracies, and op-
posed the entrance of Spain,
under it's present government,
into any democratic" organ
ization-i. e., the U. N. Mr..
Attlee himself described Amer
lean refusal to recognize Com
munist China as absolutely
ridiculous.
Evening star., 1953-10-07

to be an accepted part of the
education of political higher
ups with expectations - or
hopes-of going yet higher.
For we cannot count either
Adlai Stevenson or Tom Dewey
out.
If Vice President Nixon
should get to the Presidency
by the normal route, that is,
nomination as his party's can
didate and election, he would
be the first Vice President to
enter the White House by that
route since 1887 when Vice
President Martin Van Buren
was nominated as the hand
picked Democratic candidate
of President Andrew Jackson
and was elected to serve a
single term.
Evening star., 1953-10-07

government. Politically speak
ing, the dominant influence is
British and their task is heavy,
since the Libyans have yet to
develop a governing class or
qualified civil servants in any
numbers. Americans are happy
to let the British lead in this
field For their part, they
employ as many Libyans as
they can and they have not
had to cope with any serious
disturbances.
Numbers are security at
WheeluS, but the men are al
lowed to bring over their de-
pendents and there are more
than 900 children attending
the base schools.
Wheelus got a head start on
other baSeS-not so much be-
cause it was there, since all
World War II bases have been
outmoded by jets and the B-36,
as because the decision to re-
activate it was made early in
1949 before the mad rush of
poSt-Korea planning. At the
time it was a dreary sight and
men who remembered it in
wartime were not too happy
about returning to pick up the
pieces.
Fortunately. however, some
one had the vision to make
the all-important decision to
put up permanent-type con-
struction. With equal fore
sight, the construction was
styled for the Mediterranean,
so that the housing is not only
clean and substantial looking
but suitable and attractive.
Families are also allowed to
paint their houses and the
bright colorS usually chosen
Evening star., 1953-10-07

Here one sees the double
standard in full operation.
Communist China should be
recognized and admitted to
the U. N. because it is the eff
fective government of China.
But the Franco government,
though it is equally the effec-
tive government of Spain,
should not be recognized or
admitted.
The outcome of the civil
war in China which put the
Communists in power is ac-
ceptable.
The outcome of the civil war
in Spain which kept the Com
munists, ultimately the most
active force in the Loyalist
coalition, out of power is not
acceptable.
Although Communist aggres-
sion in Korea was denounced,
no Interpretation of the resolu-
tions can obscure the evidence
that British Socialists (like
American left-wing New Deal
ers) find merits in Commu-
niSm that they find in no
other form of totalitarian Cor
authoritarian state.
It. is impossible to make a
definition of "fascism" which
equally covers the Italian, Ger
man, Spanish, and Argentine
regimes, beyond the fact that
all were, or are, intensely ma
tionaliSt, single party and
largely personal relationships,
that the state apparatus con-
trolls economic life, completely,
or to high degree, that civil
liberties are generally sup
pressed, and that the police
exist to protect the party and
state apparatus rather than
Evening star., 1953-10-07
Cockcroft on Way Here

LONDON. Oct. Z (P.-Sir
John Cockcroft, Britain's atom
research boss, left for Canada
and the United States last night.
He will spend a week in talks
with Canadian atom experts and
then visit Washington.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-02
6a||audet Big Surprise
In Mason-Dixon WRESTLING

With three individual cham
pionships and a near-miss in the
annual Mason-Dixon Conference
wrestling tournament, Gallaudet
Colleges team easily qualified as
the big surprise of the seasons
finale. Baltimore University
nosed out the Washington squad
for the team trophy, 80 to 20.
The Blues also had the tourna-
ment "giant-killer" in 19O-pound
Dave Carlson, who scored a
decision over Ned Callahan,
Loyola's g. foot IS $50 pound
heavyweight, in their title match
Saturday night.
One of Gallaudet's victories
was earned at the expense of
Jack Manderfield. Catholic Uni
versity 157-pounder, who was
seeded No. l in the class. Man
derfield was pinned by Harold
Wright. Dick Hoke. 132-pounder
who decisioned Lew Rutland of
Johns Hopkins, accounted for
Gallaudet's third individual title.
Catholic University's Paul Hal
lissey reached the final in the
1873 pound class, but lost to Gene
Spurrier of Towson Teachers.
Other team scores were Loyola,
%; Johns Hopkins. Is; Catholic
University. IA; Towson, IL, and
Western Maryland, 4.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-02
Norwegian Star Sweeps
North American Ski Meet
BY the Asseeiafsd Press

IRON MOUNTAIN, Mich,
March ZION RiiSnaes, young
Norwegian star who hadn't been
beaten in seven meets in this
country. swept the North Amer
lean ski championship on the
huge Pine Mountain slide yes
terday morning and in the aft
ernoon outclassed the field again
to take the Glass A title in the
host Kiwanis Ski Clubs tourna-
ment. His best jump on the
556-foot artificial slide, highest
in the Nation, was 293 feet
four short of the hill record.
Norway'S 1852 junior jumping
champion now an exchange stu
dent at the University of New
Hampshire, scored 214 points on
jumps Of 290 and 253 feet to
take the North American title.
He won the Kiwanis Glass A
crown, with perhaps IS, 900 spec
tators looking on, by soaring 293
and 285 feet for 1855 points.
Riisnaes' double triumph was
scored over Art Toxic of Chi
cago, 1853 National Glass A
leaders, and three other men,
bers Of the 1852 United States
Olympic team,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-02

MIAMI, Fla, March 2.-It's
Ladies Day at Hialeah, with a
dozen of the fleetest fillies and
mares scheduled to run for the
female championship in the $685.
000-added Black Helen Handi-
cap.
This is the next-to-last day
of Hialeah's record 40-day sea-
son. The track will close tomor-
row with the running of the $685.
900 Miami Beach Handicap to
determine the champion of the
turf course.
Three-year-old honors were
determined Saturday whe n
Greentree Stables Straight Face
won the 500, 0O0-added Fla
mingo Stakes to establish him
self as the chief Kentucky Derby
candidate at Hialeah.
A week earlier, Mrs. Harry
Trotsek's Oil Capitol-with the
aid Of a big weight concession
had won the 100000 added
Widener Handicap. over such
great runners as Battlefield
Alerted, Crafty Admiral and
Spartan Valor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-02
District Golden G|overs
Seek Eastern Honors
Special Dispatch 10 The Star

NEW YORK, Mar AN
eignt-man Golden Gloves boxing
team from Washington, D. c., IS
here to try for the Eastern
championship in a tournament
running from tomorrow through
Thursday at Madison Square
Garien
Other teams are from New
York New Jersey, Pennsylvania,
West Virginia. North Carolina
ami Florida.
Representing Washington will
be winners in the recent tourna-
ment there: Billy Hill of North
east AC. Joe Gilchrist of the
Twelfth Street YMCA, Alfonso
Muckerson Of Boiling Air Base,
RoDert Shell of Northeast AC,
Charles Little Of Quantico Ma
rines. Warren Peterson Of Balm
bridge Naval. Charles Butler. also
Of cambridge. and Warrenei
lester of Fort Meade.