davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-05-26

Mindful Of the forthcoming
American British French
meeting at Bermuda. the
Kremlin has reminded the
British Of the existence of
the Soviet British alliance Of
1912. Article 7 of that treaty,
which remains in force until
1862. provides that neither
contracting party shall con-
clude any alliance or particle
pate in any coalition directed
against the other.
1t is true that the Western
European coalition (the NATO)
does not spell out that it was
created to resist possible Red
aggression. But it is obvious
that it was not created to de-
fend Western Europe against
Albania or Bulgaria and that
1t is aimed at the U. S. s. r.
Thus Britain by entering this
defense coalition without de-
nouncing the existing treaty
with the U. S. S. r., has been
guilty Of a breach of treaty.
The Kremlin is now politely
calling Britain's attention to
this fact. It is good diplomacy.
For nearly a year. and par
ticularly since Stalin's death,
the Kremlin has been dangling
before the trade-hungry eyes
OF our Western allies the car
rot Of unlimited business with
the 800 million people behind
the Iron Curtain. This sug-
gestive promise has made a
far deeper impression on the
people of Western Europe than
all the billions we have given
them in the past and they may
expect to get from us in the
future.
The gentle reminder Of the
Kremlin that the treaty Of
1912 is still fully in force could
act as a wet blanket on Prime
Minister Churchill's desire to
hasten the tagging defense
preparations Of the NATO.
Our Western European allies
are far more anxious to see
trade with their former GUS
toners developed on a legiti-
mate basis, instead Of the
present bootleg deals. than to
spend their money on what
some of their leaders call use
less and wasteful military ef-
forts"
Evening star., 1953-05-26

he also raised about $4,000 for
the Republican campaign COM
mittee that year because his
firms president was a friend Of
New York's Governor Dewey.
Altogether, in the three years
1948-1950, Mr.. Leban said he
contributed or raised $52,950 for
Democrats and $17,500 for Re-
publicans.
In the tax case, Mr.. Leba1
asked for a ruling that a COM
plex $500, 900 stock deal would
not be considered taxable in
come. The arrangement called
for him to buy 10000 shares Of
Schenley stock at $26.50 a
share, the market price at the
time of agreement. The stock
was to be bought at intervals
over ZU years.
Katherine Nalley Of the bu-
reau's rulings division, and
Sylvan Tobolowsky. assistant
head Of the interpretative di-
vision in the chief counsel'S Of
fee, testified they were con-
vinced Leban would have to pay
income taxes on his profits If
the value of the stock went
above $26.50 during the 20
years. This was the ruling later
reversed by Mr.. Oliphant. who
held that the transaction was
closed at a fair market price
and any increase in stock value
would not be taxable income.
Evening star., 1953-05-26

disappear. Whichever power
or combination of powers can
satisfy this natural national
aspiration is sure to have the
complete approval of the Ger
man people. And Germany is
today more than in the past
the cornerstone of Europe's po-
litical and economic equilib-
rum.
So far, our side has muffed
the ball. Washington. aware
of the vital Importance
of the Reich, proposed as a
first step toward unity the Gre
alton of a strong Western Ger
man republic. We hoped that
somehow or other this would
eventually attract Eastern Ger
mans toward their fellow
countrymen in the West. Our
efforts, supported by the Brit
ish, were frustrated by the
French who persist in a policy
of keeping Germany weak po-
litically, economically and mil
itarily as the best safeguard
for the security of France.
The Kremlin Is not handi-
capped in its international re-
lations by alliances and need
not look to the right or to the
left in its conduct Of foreign
affairs. Moscow is thus in a
position to fulfill it's promises
to the German people. The
Bonn government knows that
ii the U. S. S. r. wants to
bring about the unity of Ger
many 1t can do so without
much trouble. This Is not the
case with us.
For nearly a year the United
States has sought to create a
Western German army and
make the Bonn republic a
partner of the West. The
Western German Parliament
has finally ratified the peace
treaty and the creation of a
German army within the Euro
pean forces of the NATO.
It has also appropriated some
$2.5 billions for that purpose.
Yet, the Western German
army still is only a blueprint
and is likely to remain so for
an indefinite time because Of
Frances and the Benelux
countries veto.
Evening star., 1953-05-26
|ToxProbe toStudy SecondCose
Reported to Involve Snyder

Chief Counsel Charles Oliphant,
about October 80. 1850.
Phone Call From Snyder.
Subcommittee Counsel John E.
Tobin read from Mr.. Oliphant's
telephone log that Mr.. Snyder
had called Mr.; Olphant four
days earlier about the Leban
case.
There is a case I would like
to have expedited" Mr.. Snyder
was quoted as saying. This
must be gotten out Immediately"
The call produced a hasty Sc
ries Of conferences and telephone
consultations among bureau and
Treasury officials. the log indi-
Gated. The bureau operates un-
der the Treasury Department.
After this round of calls, Mr..
Snyder was quoted as calling Mr..
Oliphant again the same day:
Louis johnson is interested in
this thing. If there's anything
we can do, let's try to help them
out"
"okay," Mr.. Oliphant replied.
according to the log.
Mr.. johnson had been eased
out by President Truman a few
weeks earlier as Secretary of
Defense. Mr.. Tobin said Mr..
Johnson's law firm represented
Mr.. Leban, but had turned this
case over to another firm headed
by Randolph Paul, one-time
Treasury official.
Campaign Gifts Revealed.
Mr.. Leban told a House Ju-
dietary subcommittee last sum-
mer that in 1850 he personally
contributed $500 to various
Democratic election campaigns
and raised another $4,000 in
contributions to the Democratic
National Committee. He said
Evening star., 1953-05-26

something similar about Sena-
tor Mccarthy on income taxes.
The alleged irregularities. Of
course. took place during the
time the Truman administra-
tion was In power. The latter
did investigate Senator McCar-
thy's income-tax returns, and.
if any legal basis whatever had
been found for penalizing the
Senator, the Trumanites would
have done so.
Investigations by Congress
are often extreme. Thus, SEN
ator Hugo Black Of Alabama
in 1885 presided over a Senate
inquiry which ordered that
private messages exchanged
between the late William Ran
dolph Hearst and his editors
and associates be seized from
the files of a telegraph COM
pany. The United States Cir
cult Court of Appeals disre-
garded pleas about freedom
of the press" and the allega-
tions that the First and Fifth
Amendments had been violated
because messages which had
no connection with the subject
matter of the investigation"
had been examined and copied
by the agents of the Senate
lobbying committee. The
court merely said that "the
universal rule. so far as we
know it. is that the legislative
discretion in discharge of it's
constitutional functions,
whether rightfully or wrong
fully exercised, is not a subject
for judicial interference"
If there were any liberals"
who decried congressional ex-
tremism at that time, they
certainly didn't hold it against
Hugo Black when he was
nominated two years later by
President Roosevelt to be a
Supreme Court justice-and it
may be said that his record on
the bench since has been one
of scrupulous regard for the
rights of the individual
against unlawful search and
seizure. Since Senator Nc
Carthy. because of his religion.
probably could not be nomi-
mated for President on the Re-
publican ticket-in view of AL
Smiths defeat on the Demo-
cratic ticket on that issue
maybe the bench is the place
for him. too, some day. There
is precedent for it. He was
once a circuit judge in Wis
consin.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1953-05-26

Phillips company. the power
commission ruled that it was
without Jurisdiction over the
rates protested by those COM
munities. (The commissions
own stan disagreed with the
commission in this, as did one
member. Thomas Buchanan.
Mr.. Buchanan's term has since
expired and President Eisen-
hover has refused to rename
him. Wisconsin and the cities
appealed from the commits
sion's ruling and their appeal
Is now upheld.
The natural-gaS industry
has become formidable In re-
cent years. Its pipelines now
reach all the way from Ari-
zona to New England. serving
most Of the States between.
1t is not without political
power. This power could be
tested again by reintroduc-
ton Of the Kerr bill, whose
author, the Oklahoma Sena-
tor, is an influential Democrat.
He is also a big gas man in his
own right, with some Of his
interests allied to those of the
Phillips company. Presum-
ably, no veto from Eisenhower
would be anticipated.
Meantime, the power COM
missions personnel is chang
ing. Mon Wallgren, Truman's
unfortunate selection, who
Joined in the decision Of futil-
ity. is gone. Jerome Kuyken-
dali Of Seattle. a Republican. is
now chairman. Mr.. Buchanan
has been rejected to make way
for another Republican. Nell
Evening star., 1953-05-26
Anti-McCorthy Phobio Grows
Extreme Incredible, Fantastic Statements Such Tho
Of Dr.. Davies Provoke Ceovoqes Inside America
David Lawrence:

The anti-McC cCarthy phobia
seems to be growing in inten-
sity. If the controversy over
how to get rid Of those COM
munistic sympathizers in
America who work for the
cause Of the Soviet gov
ernment by infiltrating our
institutions isn't put into
perspective, the Communists
who originally coined the
word McCarthyism" will GER
tainly succeed in provoking
larger and larger cleavages
inside America. They will
bring about that very division
of the people which doesn't
as yet exist on a wide scale
but certainly will if the ex-
aggerationS do not cease.
Extreme statements are
coming into the controversy
now which are in themselves
both incredible and fantastic.
Thus, for example, DR.. A.
Powell Davies, Unitarian cler-
gyman of prominence here.
fell victim to such extremiSm
with a speech over the week
end in Boston in which, ac-
cording to his manuscript
released to the press, he said:
IT do not hesitate to say
that, at present. no major
proposal in foreign policy
which was disliked by Senator
Mccarthy would be advanced
by the Government. 1t is no
longer a question Of whether
the Senator from Wisconsin
will some day rule the United
States; to a great extent he is
ruling it already. The Secre-
tary of State might well be
called his administrative as
SiStant."
In the first place, Senator
Mccarthy isn't a member Of
the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee and has nothing
to do with the making of
foreign policy. In the second
place, the President and the
Secretary Of State, both on
the appointment Of Charles
E. Bohlen to be Ambassador
to Moscow and on the matter
of the shipping agreements
controversy recently. did pur-
sue a policy entirely different
from that Of the Wisconsin
Senator.
The idea that Senator Nc
Carthy can block the advance
ment of any major proposal
in foreign policy" by the
Secretary Of State or the Pres
ident Is ridiculous on its face.
Yet 1t Is the repetition Of just
Evening star., 1953-05-26
Lowell MeNett:
Lowell Mekett:
FPC Is Not Futile, Says Court
Commission Reversed Its Ruling That Has No Authority
To Protect Public in the Matter Of Noturo|-Gos Rates

The most bizarre situation
In any section of the Ameri-
can Government has just been
highlighted by a decision Of
the United States Court of
Appeals. The Federal Power
Commission has been told that
1t is not as futile as it appar-
emily wishes to be. It has been
told that under the law, as
already interpreted by the Su-
preme Court, it has the duty
and the authority to regulate
the price of natural gas sold
into interstate commerce. A
majority of the commissioners
have sought to duck this duty.
Since. by undiSputed decisions
of the courts, the States are
barred from regulating this
basic price. gas consumers all
over the country have been vir-
tually at the mercy Of the
natural-gaS producers.
What the power commission
will do now isn't known. The
billion-dollar Phillips Petro-
leum Co., which had inter-
vened in the case, says it will
appeal to the Supreme Court.
Three years ago, after a
rough and tumble legislative
battle, Congress passed the
Kerr bill, intended to give the
gas companies immunity from
Federal regulation. President
Truman vetoed the bill and no
attempt was made to pass it
over his veto. But a year
later. in a case brought by the
State Of Wisconsin and the
cities of Milwaukee. Detroit
and Kansas City against the
Evening star., 1953-05-26

could not succeed. Socialist Guy
Mollet previously had given up.
Mr.. Reynaud, an independent.
will see President Vincent Auriol
today to be officially notified of
his appointment.
Mr.. Diethelm's failure had
been predicted even before he
was nominated. He went through
the motions of holding a meet
ing with his colleagues of the
Rally Of the French People
(RPF. however. before formally
declining the invitation. Gen.
De Gaulle has renounced the
RPF as a political force, but the
deputies continue to use the
party label.
Mr.. Reynaud's eventual selec-
Evening star., 1953-05-26
Fletcher KnebeI:
Potomac Fever

The United States fires the first atomic shell from
in Nevada Now that know throw EN- well
em-wi somebody please tell how dodge em.
Korean talks for another week The Reds
breeze through conference session twice fast
thanks to their double talk
Twenty Japanese rough Eleanor Roosevelt
Tokyo It's claimed is getting civlzedbut it's
q cnch aren't.
lucky Air learned fly nstrumens-now
that it's going to have to get along without wings.
step their fight against Defense Boss wilson,
Democrats outraged who tries to be-
fore he learns how to squander it,
Pentagon decides that Communist branwashing OF
United States prisoners failure. Just look at
American girl-and CT gets all the old ideas.
Pravda blasts the coming Big Three conference.
indignant at the idea Of the allies holding an
exclusive fight
Evening star., 1953-05-26

such statements which adds
to the many exaggerations al
ready current about witch
hunts" on the Communist
issue.
The Wisconsin Senator is a
rough-and-tumble fighter and
so are the Communist con-
spirators who. by their inter-
mediaries and front organiza-
tions. fool a lot Of innocent
people in the church. in the
theater, in the press and in the
Government.
Left-wing publications are
filled almost every day with
attacks on Mccarthy and dis
paragements of congressional
inquiries. They make it appear
that the entire governmental
operation is concerned with
that single issue.
The danger in the present
state of hysteria, which is
being fed so regularly by left
wingers, is that the attack on
Senator Mccarthy as an indi-
vidual will obscure the real
fight against Communist con-
Spiracies inside the United
States. It, is already causing
some Of those who are severely
criticizing Senator Mccarthy
to rationalize their own tactics
and to forget that two wrongs
do not make one right.
Thus last Saturday Arthur
Schlesinger. jr.. adviser to Ad-
lai Stevenson in his last cam
paign and a vice chairman of
the Americans for Democratic
Action. told the press that
President Eisenhower should.
in effect, begin to perSecute
Senator Mccarthy by insti-
eating action of some kind on
the Wisconsin Senator's in
come-tax returns somewhat, he
said, as the late President
Roosevelt did in the case Of
the late Senator Huey Long
and his lieutenants in Louisi-
ana.
This Is the first time any
one has conceded publicly that
Mr.. Roosevelt personally went
out Of his way to use the In
ternal Revenue Bureau as a
punitive agency in fighting a
political opponent. It was
widely rumored throughout his
administration but never ad-
mitted. If this be the truth, it
doesn't honor the memory
Of President Roosevelt. The
Americans for Democratic Ac-
ton, moreover, recently petit
toned Gen. Eisenhower to do
Evening star., 1953-05-26

son Smith has been a Republic
can, but New England Repub-
licans refuse to consider him as
one Of their own, making the
party majority on the commits
sion somewhat shaky. Coming
up for reappointment Is Har-
rington Wimberly, an Okla
homa political associate Of
Senator Kerr. He's q Demo-
crat. but probably acceptable
to the gas interests in the
light Of his expressed views.
In any case, the key man on
the commission will be the new
chairman. Mr.. Kuykendall, for
mer chairman of the Washing
ton State Utility Commission.
He has already been con-
fronted with an issue as i'm
portant as that concerning gas
regulation. It is one affecting
a region much closer to his
home-the Hell's Canyon dam
controversy. The power COM
mission is due to pass in few
weeks on the application of the
Idaho Power Co. for a license
to dam the Snake River at a
point that would forever bar
the Interior Departments long
planned Hell's Canyon project,
designed to greatly increase the
power potential of the whole
Northwest. Contrary to his
predecessor in Office, Interior
Secretary Mckay has declined
to take any position in the
matter. saying it is entirely up
to the power commission,
which leaves Mr.. Kuykendall
without the moral support he
doubtless would like to have.
Evening star., 1953-05-26
BY the Assoeioted Press

Representative Kean, Repub-
lican, of New Jersey said today
he is convinced former Secretary
Of the Treasury John w. Snyder
exerted undue influence" in a
favorable tax ruling for a liquor
company executive.
Mr.. Snyder said that as a Coy
ernment official he had always
given "whole-hearted devotion to
the public interest"
Mr.. Kean commented as a
House Ways and Means subcom-
mitteeman, which he heads, ar
ranged testimony today on q
second tax case in which Mr..
Snyder allegedly took a per-
sonal hand.
Mr.. Kean said the subcommit-
tee will look into several bigger
cases than the one it heard about
yesterday. He added the inves-
tigating- group has no intention
of asking Mr.. Snyder to testify
but will be glad to hear the long
time Truman cabinet member II
he wants to be heard.
Snyder Defends Record.
Mr.. Snyder is now vice presi-
dent in charge of finance for
WHY'S Overland Motors, Inc. In
a statement issued at Toledo,
Ohio, he said:
II have conscientiously served
the Government. except for
short intervals in private life,
a great many years in a
number of responsibilities. In
each assignment I have always
given whole-hearted devotion to
the public interest. conf
dently feel that my services have
left a good record"
Revenue Bureau workers testi-
fled yesterday that a series Of
technical specialists approved an
unfavorable tax ruling for John
L. Leban, former vice president
of Schenley Industries and a
contributor to Democratic and
Republican election campaigns.
The ruling was reversed in Mr..
Leban's favor, however, in the
office of former Revenue Bureau
Evening star., 1953-05-26
Red-Led Union Represents
Canadian Uranium Miners
BY the Associofed Press

TORONTO, Ontario, May 26.
The Toronto Star said yester-
day a Communist-d dominated
union has won bargaining rights
for employees Of Canadian gov
ernment uranium mines in
Northern Saskatchewan.
Terming the mines "a corner
stone in North Americas defense
in a future atomic war" the pa
per said the Saskatchewan pro-
vincial government had certi-
fed the International Union of
Mine. Mill and Smelter Workers
as bargaining agent.
The union was expelled from
the Canadian Congress Of Labor
and from the CIO for pro-Com-
muniSt policies.
Evening star., 1953-05-26

tion had been rumored within
an hour after Premier Rene
Mayer and his cabinet resigned
last Thursday following a defeat
in the National Assembly on a
vote Of confidence.
Mr.. Reynaud is expected to
waste little time in getting down
to business. It is his plan to
call the Assembly into session
Thursday to hear his address
asking investiture.
Evening star., 1953-05-26
Paul Reynaud Asked
To Try for Cabinet
By the Assoeiafed Press

PARIS, May 26.-Paul Rey-
maud, 74-year-old former Pre-
mier, is the third man picked
to try to resolve Frances cur
rent governmental crisis.
A call went out last night
to Mr.. Reynaud after Andre
Diethelm, the leader Of a group
of deputies formerly under the
leadership of Gen. Charles de
Gaulle. had reported that he
Evening star., 1953-05-26
Kitchen Know-How

Women ought to design houses
because male architects know
nothing of kitchens, Councilman
F. Waters argued In the Town
Council at Westmeath, Fire.
Evening star., 1953-04-12
Train Meets Auto

Don't let caution relax during
the coming summer of vacation
motoring, but a study has shown
that the average victim of a
embarrassing accident lives not
more than 20 miles from the
scenes where train and automc-
bile collide. In other words, it
would seem that the chance OF
an Eastern torist being
smacked by a locomotive in
Mississippi, Colorado or even
Ohio is remote, primarily be-
cause strangers are more watch
full.
The Baltimore q Ohio Rail-
road recently gave out some
facts gained in a study of grade
crossing accidents. In addition
to finding that the victim of a
crash very often lived within 20
miles of the spot where the COL
lission occurred, the survey re-
vealed that this average" un-
fortunate:
Usually is a man, driving alone
in a 7-year-old sedan of the
popular-price class;
In one out of five cases, he
drives into the side of a train
after the locomotive has already
started through the crossing.
According to these B. & o.
figures, taken from 1852 acci-
dents over its lines, reckless and
negligent driving accounted for
Evening star., 1953-04-12

South Carolina while U. S. /
is mainly used for the return
journey, with U. S. 176 and
State 215 serving as the link
between Spartanburg and Co
lumbia. About 985 miles of high
way travel are involved and over
night stops are recommended at
Charlottesville, Va: Greensboro,
N. c.; Spartanburg, s. c.; South
ern Pines, N. c., and Rich
mond, Va.
Six miles north of Greensboro,
on U. S. 220. is the Guilford
Courthouse National Military
Park. These 148 acres of forest
and meadowland remain as a
memorial to the Revolutionary
War battle fought there March
is, 1871. The Americans, mex
perienced and poorly trained,
outnumbered CORVALLIS British
regulars two to one. The Eng
lish defeated Gen. Nathaniel
Greene, but theirs was Pyrrhic
victory for CORVALLIS lost 80 per
cent Of his men and was COM