davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-01-04
Steel Records Result of Two Major Strikes

which upset the apple cart. Mr..
Murray made that q prime OBJ
jective after deciding to 60 all
out for the union shop he had
been dreaming of for years.
Pay boosts proved to be not too
tough an issue but the steel exec
utives united in their opposition
to the union shop. that is. an
agreement which would make
union membership a condition OF
employment.
Mr. Murray and his followers
scoffed. saying practically all
major steel firms have lived with
union shops for years. The union
pointed out that steel companies
have union shop agreements with
coal miners in steel-owned mines
and with railroaders who operate
subsidiary companies.
Truman Averted Tieup.
A Nationwide strike scheduled
for January l.. 1852. was averted
at the request of President Tru-
man to give the Wage Stabiliza-
tion Board time to work out a
recommended solution. A second
February deadline was moved
back to March %, again at the
Presidents request and for the
same reason,
In March the WSB recon-
mended that the industry grant
la 26-cent hourly pay increase
and a union shop. The USW
accepted the proposal and post
poned it's strike to April. Indus
TRY said 1t couldn't accept without
price relief.
On April 8, few hours before
the strike was slated to start, and
after the mills closed in prepara-
tion for a walkout. Mr.. Truman
said he was seizing the industry.
Mr.. Murray ordered his men to
stay on the job.
When a Federal court ruled
April 20 that Government seizure
was invalid. the United Steel
workers dropped their tools and
walked out of the plants. The
strike ended May 2 at the Presi-
dents request that they leave the
issue to the United States Supreme
Court.
But the high court also held
Evening star., 1953-01-04
|2.3 Million Phones
Added During Year
BY the Associated Pres,

NEW YORK. Jan. 3.-A new
telephone was installed some place
in the United States every four
seconds Of every working day in
1852.
More than 2.3 million tele-
phones were added to bring the
total number in use to just over
48 million.
The expansion program. which
cost SIS billion in 1852 and has
run about SO billion since the war
barely kept pace with the con-
tinued heavy demand for service
The Bell System. consisting OF
the American Telephone & Tele-
graph Co. and it's principal SUBJ
sidiaries. added 1.9 million tele-
phones during the year but still
had a backlog of nearly 100000
untitled orders.
The $500 independent telephone
companies expanded proportion.
ately.
Evening star., 1953-01-04

projects in the coming year. Prior
to 1852, most of it's business was
in FILA and CT loans, but con-
ventional loans vert added in the
last year.
Since Colonial Mortgage was or
ganized in 1947, it has handled
S35 million to $40 million OF
financing.
"The stability of Washington is
tied to the stability of the Gov
ernment of the United States.
said Mr. Taube. 1T has become
the hub of the entire world. Faith
in Washington is faith in the fu-
ture of America"
Evening star., 1953-01-04

lies ahead and
re por tie d his
firm alre a d y
h a S scheduled
SIS million Of
constitution fl
n a ncin 6 for
1858.
Mr.. T a u b e.
whose firm has
taken an active
part IN nnanc-
ing of housing
projects h e r e,
announced that
it W ould add
com me cial
Evening star., 1953-01-04
By WiIIiom 6. Smock

AooON10tCo NtSoo SAAohSA0A "AAee1
PITTSB B'URGH, Jan. s.
Plagued by two Nation wide strikes,
the steel industry made a fast
recovery late in 1851 and finished
the year with a near record pro-
duction of an estimated 81 million
tons.
That compares with 96.5 mil
lion tons produced in 1850 when
all records were broken and with
SO. GAL 900 tons made in 1914. the
most productive World War II
year.
No one doubts that except for
the two steel strikes this year.
the 1850 mark would have been
surpassed and steel shortages
ended. More than II million tons
of production were lost as a re-
suit of the work Stoppage, but q
speedy comeback and new facili-
ties boosted the 1851 total above
expectations.
In October more steel was made
than in any other month in his
tory-9.790, 900 tons of ingots and
steel for castings. Walter S.
Tower, retired president Of the
American Iron and Steel Institute.
said then that monthly produc-
ton of 10 million tons can be
expected soon.
Heavy Production Forecast.
The forecast is for steel mills to
keep operating at full speed
through the first three months of
1858 and into the years second
Iquarter. After it's any ones guess.
What happens then will depend
on such factors as the fortunes
of the Korean conflict. expansion
or contraction of defense orders.
governmental controls and busi-
ness conditions generally.
The last IL months were hectic
for every one in the steel industry.
Executives in their paneled Of
fees struggled with controls and
production problems brought on
by the steel strikes. They wor-
ried about keeping prices in line
with mounting operating costs and
the necessity of paying for part
of plant expansions out Of profits
The men in the mills had their
problems, too. Steel walkouts
brought belt Tightening all
around. During the course Of the
year, Philip Murray. the only
president the CIO-United Steel
workers ever had, died of a heart
attack.
| Strikes Big News.
The two steel strikes made the
big news of the year and grabbed
headlines off and on throughout
1852. The great steel dispute of
1852 started back in late 1851
when the union listed % contract
demands. The demands included
a substantial wage increase. union
shop and guaranteed annual
wage.
1t was the union shop demand
Evening star., 1953-01-04

the seizure to be illegal and the
second strike began. It lasted
S. days. dragging on until July "a
when White House negotiations
produced an agreement which
called for q 16-cent hourly pay
increase in q 2l-cent package, q
Evening star., 1953-01-04

modified union shop and other
benefits. The Government then
approved a price increase Of
around $2.84 a ton. The wage
boost brought steelworker pay up
to an average of $2.13 an hour.
Evening star., 1953-01-04
Colonial Mortgage Plans
ISIS Million Financinq

President Nathaniel j. 1aube Of
the Colonial Mortgage Corp. at
the year end predicted the great
lest growth of Washington still
Evening star., 1953-01-04
Trucking Industry Grows

The trucking industry reported
today it now employs 100000
workers and ranks second only to
agriculture in the total number
of jobs.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1953-02-15
HUGE BUREAUCRACY?

Benson. as public relations op-
eratives might put ii; made con-
siderable character" with the
press ar his first full-dress ses-
sion. His handling of the con-
ference is expected 10 offset
earlier difficulties with the
press. due mainly to careless
work of new press aides.
First official release from the de-
partment under the Benson regime
charged that the USDA had become
the Largest of all the nations CT
william agencies, swollen into a huge
bureaucracy"
Congressional farm leaders were
perturbed, including many Repub-
icans, since farm programs of the
past two decades have been worked
out largely on a bipartisan basis.
They also resented the indirect ac-
cusation that USDA spending has
been out of line.
Facts are that USDA is the only
federal department with fewer en-
ployees than in 1910, and that there
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1953-02-15

is at least one other civilian depart
ment which is larger. At his press
conference, Benson expressed hope
that cuts could be made in USDA
personnel, and savings made in farm
spending, but that he was mot pre-
pared to make any statement as to
how much"
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1953-02-15
Keeping in Touch With Washington
Federal Action Unlikely
On Farm Prices

WASHINGTON, D. C.-Legislation
is not to be expected soon that would
affect farm prices, despite the torrent
of words emanating from Washing
ton about the price problem, and the
bills that have been tossed in the
congressional hopper aimed at boost
ing farm returns.
That is the prevailing view
here of responsible observers.
both in and out of government.
One development could change
this estimate of the situation
namely. a further decline in
prices received by producers.
This is not expected, officially.
o. v. Wells, head of Bureau of
Agricultural Economics, summed up
the USDA view at a session here the
other day with agriculture commit
tee senators on Capitol HILL He said
he would expect farm prices gen
orally to hold up at recent levels in
coming months, perhaps to increase
somewhat. Farm income this year
will be approximately per cent less
than last, it is estimated.
WON'T SEEK FEDERAL AID
In his first formal press con-
ference as boss of USDA, Agri-
culture Secretary Ezra Taft Ben
son made ii clear that he won't
seek special federal helps for
cattlemen. Here are questions
and answers as they occurred at
III conference:
Q. Do you think any action by the
department is called for in the live
stock situation to stabilize the prices
of livestock?
A. We have been very much con-
cerned with the decline in livestock
prices. :. I think the general I'M
dertone is substantially solid. =.
@. The problem in the livestock
situation is that country banks are
calling loans on livestock owners.
Do you have in the works any sort
of department action on credit?
A. I did make some inquiry day
or so ago, and I think with the re-
moval of the controls, there's good
possibility that the market will sta
bilize-it will surprise me if it does
not strengthen.
Q. have question on cattle. Is
it the general philosophy of this ad-
n1inistration that groups should make
greater efforts to help themselves
before coming to Washington for
aid?
A. I hope it is. That's my feel
| ing.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1953-02-15
AIM FOR FULL PARITY

Congressmen seeking TO smoke
out Agriculture Secretary Benz
son on his plans for keeping farm
prices at good levels with expen-
diture of fewer federal dollars
are privately still dissatisfied
with the answers they are get
ting. Actually. it is too early for
Benson TO be expected TO have
the answers.
Thus far, he has limited himself
to a general, official statement on
what his approach will be. 1t says,
in part:
"Our agricultural policy should
aim to obtain in the market place
full parity prices. :. This objective
cannot be assured by government
programs alone. +. Price support
laws will be carried out faithfully
in every respect. While enforc-
ing these laws, there will be for
mulated long-term programs which
will more fully and effectively ac-
complish our overall detectives. :"
OPTIMISM ON CATTLE PRICES
There is general optimism in
Washington. for what that's
worth. that the worst is over for
u. S. catt1emen. Forecasters here
of price trends. both in and out
of government, are predicting
that markets are about due to
level out.
Many believe that gains are to fol-
low the expected firming of markets.
Reasons given include these:
l. Narrowing of the gap between
supplies and demand.
2. The end of price controls.
3. Lower prices at retail stores,
with accompanying drop in con-
sumner resistance to Smelling out for
beef cuts.
4. Changing psychology in the
markets on the part of both buyers
and sellers that has caused disor-
derby marketing.
5. Outlook for greatly reduced
supplies of pork which means
less low-price competition for beef.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1953-02-15
Save Labor, Boost Crop Yields
with Du P0nt Weed Killers
In wheat, use Du Point ,4-D Weed Killer

To increase yields of small grains knock weeds with
Du Pont 4D eacng active
Ingredient provides gallon No nozzle
oggng udge Easy with Use it in grassland
and falow,
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1953-02-15

starts-ahead OF rams which help carry the
chemical to the roots.
FREE BOOKLETS on these and other Du Pont weed
and brush killers yours for the asking See your
dealer, or write Du Pont Grasselli Chemicals Dept,
Wilmington, Del, Ill Suffer St., San Francisco 4,
Calf, 123 w. Yakima Ave., Yakima, WASH
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1953-02-15
In feneerows and around buildings and
drivewuys, use powerful new Du Point GNU

" of Du Pont GNU Weed Killer has kept ground clear of
nd grass for an entire growing longer AS little as
per 1000 square feet often does the job Ends fire hazard
md weeds destroys for rodents prevents spreading of
to fields Use GNU wherever you want to keep ground bare
ork OF moving handwriting and repeated spraying Kills
time but it's best to apply GNU early before plant growth
Evening star., 1953-11-06
The Sport Goats

ShetIands or Tweeds in
checks, basket weoves, in
sharp two tone color conbino-
tionS
Evening star., 1953-11-06
The Suits

Gabordines Two-pIy, all
wool firmly woven eobordines
in skipper blue. Single breast
ed style ------------$ $3.50
Shorkskins Finely woven
wool worsted shorkskins in q
variety Of potterns and snort
color combinations -----$65
FIonneIs Durable, supple
FIonneIs in deep-textured solid
qroys A fobric that dropes
costly ---------------$65
Evening star., 1953-11-06
The Topeoots

Gabordines Two-ply oll-
wool eobordine in q neutral
shade. Single breasted for
comfortable cosuoIness, $3.50
With wool zip-out liner SIS
extra.
Evening star., 1953-10-18
Tire Official Says RFC
Is 'Profifeering' in Rubber
Special Dispatch 10 The Star

AKRON, Ohio, Oct. 17.-If the
Reconstruction Finance Corp.
yields to foreign pressure and
raises the price of synthetic rub
ber three cents a pound, it will
be gouging the American people.
an Akron rubber executive said
today.
The Government is already
making from Is to 16 per cent
profit on synthetic rubber plants
operated for it by private in
dustry. declared President w.
O'Neil of the General Tire g.
Rubber Co. This amounted to
about $50 million in fiscal 1858
and will approximate $75 million
for the current fiscal year, he
estimated.
Natural rubber countries are
applying the pressure for an in
crease in the synthetic price to
rs cents a pounds from % cents,
in order to reduce competition,
re charged.
Mr.. O'Neil also declared a
buffer stock" agreement pro-
posed at a rubber conference in
London this week was a part Of
the producing countries plan
to raise the price of natural
rubber,
Evening star., 1953-10-18
Chemical Firm Starts
Camp Derrick Study
BY the Associated Press

FREDERICK. Oct. 17.-The
Army today said Matheison
Chemical Corp. of Baltimore has
started a survey of the Army BIZ
illogical Warfare Laboratories
here with a view of taking over
their operations.
The Army announced in Wash
ington recently it had entered
into negotiations with Matheison
which might lead to a contract
for operation of the laboratories
by a private industrial firm.
Camp Detrick, the biological
research and development center
built here amid great secrecy in
World War II, now is operated
by the Army Chemical Corps.
Today's announcement from
Camp Detrick said present civil
ian employees there will be given
every consideration for retention
of their jobs if a private con-
tractor takes over.
Camp Detrick's mission in bio
logical research and development
will not change if and when a
private contractor takes over, the
announcement said.
Turning over the research op-
Evening star., 1953-10-18
BY The Associated Pres,

ANNAPOLIS, Oct. 17.-Mary-
land has recovered the most
travelled of all the historic
Mason Dixon line markers, pos
sibly the last of the famous
stones that will be found.
The stone recently located is
one of the "crownStones" missing
from the Maryland-Delaware
North-South boundary since
1904. It was recovered by Will
liam H. Bayliff, executive secre-
tary of the Board of Natural Re-
sources, in the yard of the Enoch
Pratt Free Library branch on
Falls Road in Baltimore.
Even library officials were un-
aware they had it.
The stone was installed in
1765 near the middle of the
boundary by Charles Mason and
jeremiah Dixon to settle the
land dispute between William
Penn and Lord Baltimore.
In 1904 the State of Maryland
dug up the stone and shipped
it to st. Louis with a display
for the Louisiana Purchase ex-
position. A substitute marker
was sent to Marydel to replace
the familiar landmark, but
Marydel residents disapproved
and the substitute finally dis
appeared.
After the display was awarded
a grand prize at the exposition,
it was shipped to Annapolis
where it was shown in the State
house for many years. Crowded
conditions forced the State to
dismantle the display and the
stone became lost"
In 1851, Maryland and Della
ware passed identical resolu-
tions enabling the States to CO.
operate in restoration of their
common historic boundaries.
Most of the Mason-DiXon mark
erS were found intact.
Mr.. Bayliff and DR.. A. L. TruS-
sell, representing the Natural
Resources Board, began a search
for five missing stones.
Evening star., 1953-10-18
Moson-Dixon Marker Lost
Since 'O4 Found in Baltimore

Mr.. Bayliff finally traced the
Marydel stone through the old
Maryland Academy of Sciences
and to the library.
Maryland and Delaware are
planning to restore the entire
boundary, which now is made up
OF 88 of the original 81 stones.
Every fifth marker is a crown
stone. such as the one recently
found, the coat of arms of Penn
on one side, the coat of arms of
Calvert on the other.
Evening star., 1953-10-18
Give Children q PIuy Tub

An ideal indoor play pool for
youngsters is a steel wash tub,
frightened with colorful decals
or paint. Just a few inches of
water is sufficient to give the
children a place to sail their
boats, wash their dolls or other
wise enjoy themselves under
mothers watchful eye.
Evening star., 1953-10-18
Beekeeper Pays 25c
And Case Is Dropped
BY the Assoeio,sd Press

WEST HARTFORD, Conn
Neighbors complained about the
bees Otto Swenson kept in his
yard and had him arrested. He
quickly brushed up on the law.
The judge dropped the case.
Mr.. SwenSon had learned that
the law says that neighbors or
no neighbors, all he had to do
to keep bees legally is get per-
NIT from the town clerk. The
permit cost him IS cents.
Evening star., 1953-10-18
Men Pay Garter Tux,
Women Are Exempt
BY the Asseeioted Press

HARRISBURG, Pa. - There's
discrimination between sexes
under the new Pennsylvania
sales tax. If a woman buys a
garter belt for herself, it's exempt
from the tax. But if a man buys
garters for himself, he must pay
the per cent levy.
Evening star., 1953-10-18

cratic to a private firm would be
in line with new policy enun-
ciated several weeks ago by De-
fenSe Secretary Wilson.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-12-15

merry Christmas decorations
(see illustration) ga cups sifted en-
riched flour, 1s teaspoon soda, H
teaspoon salt, 1 teaspoon ginger, u
cup brown sugar, " cup shortening,
eggs, IA cup molasses, teaspoon
vanilla, liz cups rolled oats Quick
or old fashioned, uncooked). Sift
together flour, soda, salt and ginger
into bowl Add sugar, shortening,
eggs, molasses and vanilla. Beat
until smooth, about minutes. Blend
in rolled oats. dough will be quite
stiff
Roll out to 1s-inch thickness on a
board or canvas sprinkled generously
with confectioners' sugar. Using s.
inch cardboard letters as a guide,
cut out cookies to spell MERRY
Christmas" Cut remaining dough
with Christmas cutters. Place on
well creased cooky sheets. Qf
cookies are to be hung on tree as
ornaments, make a hole in the top
of each with the point of tooth
pick.) Bake in a moderate oven
$3.50 degrees F.) for 10 to II minutes.
Remove from cooky sheets immedi-
ately and cool. Frost with confec-
TONERS sugar frosting. Makes 31z
dozen cookies.
Walnut cookies: eggs, l pound
brown sugar, " pound black wal
nut meats, tablespoons sifted all
purpose flour. Beat eggs and sugar
together until thick, and lemon-col-
ored. Add walnut meats. Blend in
flour. Drop rounded teaspoonfuls
about inches apart on a creased and
lightly Toured baking sheet. Bake
for 6 minutes at $50 degrees. Yield:
As dozen.
CookY tree trims (see illustration):
"a cup butter or margarine, u cup
brown sugar, egg, teaspoon va
nilla, 2 cups sifted enriched flour, X
teaspoon salt, " cup finely ground
walnut meats, cup rolled oats
(quick or old fashioned, uncooked)
Cream butter; add sugar gradually
and cream until fluffy. Beat in egg
and vanilla. Sift together flour anc
salt; add to creamed mixture, mix
ing thoroughly. Blend in nutmeat:
and rolled oats. Chill dough fol
several hours.
Shape dough with hands to form
canes, bells or wreaths and place OF
creased cooky sheets. Cookies may
be decorated with colored sugar be
fore baking or frosted with confec
TONERS sugar frosting after baking.
Bake the cookies in moderate over
$3.50 degrees F. for Is to 20 minutes
Cool thoroughly before frosting
Makes 3 dozen cookies.
Evening star., 1953-04-18
Pravda Reports Churchill
Backs Eisenhower Plan
BY the Asseeieted Press

MOSCOW, April 18.-British
Prime Minister Churchill's decla-
ration last night in support OF
the Eisenhower peace plan was
reported to the Russian people
today in a brief dispatch in
Pravda.
A 70-word story on the foreign
affairs page of the Communist
Party paper simply noted that
President Eisenhower's speech
Wednesday to American editors
had been backed publicly by the
British leader.
Mr.. Churchill told a Conserva-
tive Party meeting in Glasgow,
Scotland, that the American
President had made a massive
and magnificent statement" OF
the western case. He pledged the
"resolute and whole hearted sup
port" of the British people for
American peace efforts.
Mr.. Churchill said Mr.. EiSen-
hover has set forth the range
of practical issues which divide
the world" and declared the re-
solve of the free nations headed
and sustained by the giant power
of the United States not to weak
en- their defensive measures until
an honorable settlement is
reached"
But" he declared, "he has
closed no door upon sincere ef-
forts to reach a true world peace
by good faith and good will"
Evening star., 1953-04-18
japanese Let2Movies
Take Out SIS Million
BY the As.oeioted Press

TOKYO, April 18.-The Japa-
nese government today author
lied American movie companies
to remit $2.5 million to the
United States from profits ac-
cumulated in Japan during the
last seven years.
The Finance Ministry said it
has reached agreement with the
Motion Pictures Export Asso-
citation, New York, regarding
American movie business in
Japan.
The ministry said royalties
and rentals of American movies
released in Japan since World
War II through last March 81
have totaled about 2.8 billion
yen (about SIT million). The
returns have not been converted
to dollars and have been prac-
tically frozen because of Japa-
nese foreign exchange control.
Evening star., 1953-04-18
Strike Leaves Big Ships
To Dock Without Aid
By the Assosia,ad Prsss

SOUTHAMPTON, England,
April 1S.-About 13o tugmen
went on strike last night in a
wage dispute, and left big ocean,
going ships to dock without aid.
The 20,400-ton French liner
Flandre came in from LIE Havre
without tugs, berthed safely and
embarked nearly 100 passengers
for New York. French Line Of
ficials expressed confidence that
she will be able to sail without
tug aid
The tugmen are scheduled to
meet again on Monday when the
giant Queen Mary is due to dock
from New York.
They walked out after reject
ing a wage increase offer of three
pence (about 5 cents) an hour,
Present wages were not dis
closed.
Evening star., 1953-04-18
New CunuI Zone Treaty
Coming Up Next Month
BY the Associated Press

PANAMA CITY, April 18.-
The foreign Office has announced
that Panama and the United
States have agreed to name
negotiators who will begin dis
cussions next month in WASH
ington on a revision Of the canal
zone treaty.
Panama is seeking increased
payments for the zone. These
were fixed at $250,000 annually
in the original treaty Of 1904
and upped to $430,000 annually
in the 1896 revision.
Evening star., 1953-04-18

TO REACH VIENNA WOODS Drive
out Arlington Boulevard formerly Lee
Boulevard), U. S. Route 50, (fve miles past
Seven Corners beyond Gallo,cs Road
to Cedar Lane. Turn right on Cedar Lane.
Continue on Cedar Lane across Lee High
sc0y to Park Street. Left on Park Street.
FoIIo,c drron to Vienna Woods Homes. Or,
out Chain Bridge Road (Route 1881 to Park
Street, to homes.