davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-09-02
Congress Would Beai
Federal Sales Tax,
Survey Indicates
Opposition Of Many
Republicans Forecast
If Plan Is Offered
By Robert K. Walsh

A general Federal sales tax has
about as much chance of Con-
gressional approval next year as
a SNOWFALL would have in the
current heat wave, a summer
survey indicated at the Capitol
today.
This did not melt the increas-
ingly frequent talk that Secre-
tary OF the Treasury Humphrey
next January might ask Con-
gress to enact a manufacturers
sales tax.
But comment from some House
Ways and Means Committee
members and other tax expert
sources was emphatic in pre-
dieting:
l That the overall tax revi-
sion and recodif1cation bill, or
any separate bill dealing with
excise taxes, to be introduced by
Committee Chairman Reed next
January will not propose a gen.
eral sales tax.
z. And that such a sales tax
measure, if introduced under ad-
m1nistration auspices, would face
strong Republican opposition
and almost solid Democratic OBJ
lection both in the committee
and in the House itself.
Idea Shows Persistence.
Secretary Humphrey has said
only that the sales tax idea is
merely being considered along
with numerous other possible
methods of assuring sufficient
revenue.
The idea. however, has cropped
up for mention in practically
every taxation story, interview
and discussion since it was ad-
vocated by the National Associa-
ton of Manufacturers and the
United States Chamber of Com
merce at hearings several weeks
ago before the House committee.
In general, a Federal sales tax
OF that kind would involve a levy
OF 42 per cent on almost any
thing made and sold in the
United States. It would not apply
to food or food products. It
probably would not include alco-
holic beverages and tobacco
which would continue under
separate higher excise taxes.
A major feature of the tax
is that it would be collected at
the manufacturing level. It
would bring in an estimated $40
billion in revenue annually.
That much is obtained now
from a variety of excise taxes
ranging from l to so per cent
on many items of every day as
well as so-called luxury" use.
Some Powerful Backers.
Such a Federal sales tax. has
some powerful hackers in Con-
gress. They deny it would be as
discriminatory as the present
hit-and-miss system of excuses.
Its administration would be less
costly and in other ways more
efficient. they contend.
Ways and Means Committee
Chairman Reed has not yet gone
on record for or against manu-
facturers' sales tax. Some of
his Republican colleagues on the
committee have contented them
selves thus far with questioning
the wisdom, political as well as
economic, of trying to enact it
next year.
Democrats on the committee
are far more outspoken against
the tax itself. although some
what similar proposal was
pushed by House Democrats in
1882. It was attacked by the
then President Hoover and was
(See TAXES. Page A-2)
Evening star., 1953-09-02
Bulletin
Elected to School Board

Mrs. John G. Scharf of 1929
Hampden lane, Bethesda, and
Mrs. Willard Edwards, wife of
the Chicago Tribune news cor
respondent of 1O6 Indian
Spring drive, Silver Spring, to-
day were elected to the Mont
gOmery County School Board.
The ~app0inteeS will fill va
cancieS.
Evening star., 1953-09-02
South Koreu Cuts Jobs

SEOUL, Sept. Q Up. Some
$4,000 South Korean government
employees will lose their jobs this
month in the interest of "efti-
cient administration" The 140.-
900 remaining on the payroll will
be given q pay boost.
Evening star., 1953-09-02
BY the Associated Press

The record heat wave has
blasted crops and livestock over
two-thirds of the Nation, with
damage in some States running
into millions, survey showed
today.
AS the mercury remained at
unreasonable peaks from the
Conodo Fights Scores of Fires in finder
Dry Forests. Pooe A. 10
Rockies to the Atlantic Coast,
agriculture officials reported crop
damage in the following States:
In Iowa, one of the leading
corn States. a Farm Bureau
official said the hot weather of
the last week alone had cut the
Evening star., 1953-09-02

Portiol Text of Dulles Address. Page Az
Eisenhower Promises TO Give Assistance
to Iran. Page A-5
Allies, Communists Reported Split on
Korean .Porley Site. Poge AS
Evening star., 1953-09-02
Community Spirit

It's growing in farm areas, says staff
Writer George Kennedy in his report on
the Fredericksburg Agricultural Fair. He
tells of activities bringing together the
scattered residents of HARDWOOD
Page All.
Evening star., 1953-09-02

~ CENlO
Evening star., 1953-09-02

ST. LOUIS, Sept. 2.-Secre-
tary of State Dulles solemnly
warned the Communist world
today that Red Chinese aggres-
sion against Korea or Indo-
China might provoke war by the
West against China itself.
In doing so, he appeared to be
laying down a new Government
Evening star., 1953-09-02

(See WEATHER. Page A-3D
Evening star., 1953-09-02

remperatures Today.
Evening star., 1953-09-02

An Associated Press Newspaper
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16

organ you could buy for that sum.
1t seems, however, it isn't that
way at all. In the first place, or
gans are not just organs. There are
five different kinds. If you buy a
pipe organ, for example, you'd bet
ter save back some money for
keeping it in shape. Since it's
made of wood and glue and tin and
leather and. felt, it's going to come
unstuck here and there, or get
mOth-eaten or may be both. Also,
there's the matter of tuning. And
with hundreds of pipes. it's no job
for an amateur on a rainy after
noon.
Altogether, there are fifteen diff
erent points to consider before you
get down to the price tag, which is
item sixteen. But, fortunately for
the Organ Committees of America.
the Hammond people have gotten
out a chart by which they may
check all these points against all
five types of church-Organ.
Still and all, we think we'd ra-
ther be on the committee that tests
the refreshments for the annual ice
cream social.
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
I'm TIE AIR FORGE"
By EIolne Townsend piekerson

the shock, ! told her that I. too. was
from Milford and just could hardly
wait to know who, what. when.
Where and why she had lived in NV
IaYorlte town. Right away she ask
ed # I might know Sarah and Paw
ard Wharton and their daugbfer
EILEEN. 1t just so happens that
EILEEN and l were verv close
friends IN school and have know
the Whartons all my life. She said
EILEEN was just a little thing
When they lived in town and fold
me how much they both lixed tba
Whartons; in fact, it was tbrongh
business with the Whartons thai the
Caldaras were in Milford She
wanted to know if I. too pigbt
know the Derricksons, Arthur and
Mamie, and she was quite shocked
to know about Mr.. Derrickson's
death. She even remembered that
their daughter, Dorothy. taught
school. All this happened wears 400
when they Lived in Milford and
thought Mrs Caldara was wonder
ful to remember so manv names
she even remember that Mr.. Der
rlckson had a'store on the corner
OF 5. Walnut Street and East Front
Street This statuesaue ladv re-
membered knowing the Charles
Bannings, too, and wondered who
were the people who sold John
Deere tractors out on the highway
l figured she must have meant tba
Brown Thawleys. She said thew
were her neighbors and she and
virginia Thawley used to exchange
baked goods back and forth We
inquired the Caldara's lived where
the Milton Smiths live now and that
the Thawleys then lived right next
door where the Harry Mulhollands
Jr., live. / was just out of wind bv
this time from gasping and nv
friends were just dying to know
What the Commanding Officer's
wife and could have in common
and for such a length of time I'm
conversation.
Then Mrs. Caldara said that when
they were in Washington thew knew
another family that was from Mil
ford and I mentioned the Lockwood
Pratts right away and she said that
was the name but that they knew
him by another name and when I
said Doc, she nodded her head.
They also had met Mrs. Pratt's mo-
ther, Mrs. Frank Grier, and She
was shocked to know of her recent
death and said what a sweet person
she was.
enjoyed talking to Mrs. Caldara
SO much and she wanted to be re-
membered to all her Milford
friends and to the Aliens. too. We
have been invited over to talk to
the ) General about Milford and If
we go we can certainly qualify be-
cause Milford has always been our
favorite subject.
! It's still a small world, isn't it?
Until next week then,
! E. T. D.
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16

men with quits and vision to get
these ideas working"
Edison reminded me that steam
was used for power a hundred
years before Watt developed a
steam engine. 1t was discussed by
university professors; but no one
before had the persistence to sell
the idea to the public. This was
true of Whitney's invention of the
cotton gin, and Fulton's building
of the steamboat. / believe that
these men were statesmen who saw
opportunities, presented them to
the public and were never dis
cOuraged by anyone saying mo"
LoNc-PIAYINc RECORDS AND ZIPPERs
My friend, Johnson, who founded
the Victor PhOnOgraph Company,
was not an inventor, but a sales
man. He believed the fiat record
idea had future, but he was Oblig-
ed to travel over the whole country
to raise enough money to start the
Victor Organization. He used to
complain about how dumb" peO-
pie were, unwilling to risk even
their time, enthusiasm and stick
tO-itiveness. His wonderful success
was due to the fact that he was a
salesman who could not be dis
c0uraged and would never take
mo" for an answer. He was much
like Henry Ford.
Yet even Johnson did not visual
ize long-playing records. Victors
original records could have been
long playing" The fact that Vic
tor for years sold the old-fashioned
records also shows how dumb" we
all are. Another illustration is the
Upper. When I was at the Massa-
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
CROSSED SIGNALS

We don't know just who has been
coaching the Administration team
on the Operation Candor" we
mentioned last week, but it seems
there has been too much aerial play
and too many punts to suit the Cap
tain. He has now let it be known
the grOundgaining will be done
via good old line plays-mOstly
through center.
In the course of advising us on
Russia's atomic strength, various
statements from high Administra-
tiOn aides have not only been in
conflict, but may have been more
f1at-footed than the President and
National Security Council intend
ed.
For instance, Defense Secretary
Charles e. Wilson declared that
Russia has ga hydrogen bomb" and
again that the Soviet Union would
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
BabsOn Discusses MOney-Making Opportunities

NEW BOSTON, ~ T., October 16
When William L. Douglas of
BrOckton, Mass, was the worlds
largest shoe manufacturer, he was
client of mine. Those were the
days when everyone wore high
shoes, and he was very much dis
turbed about the hooks which went
on these shoes. At a sales cOnven-
ton he offered a prize of $4,000 to
any salesman who would solve the
problems of these dangerous hooks.
One salesman answered: Quit
making high shoes. and eliminate
the hooks altogether. If you will
make a line of attractive low shoes.
l will sell them or resign" Mr.,
Douglas accepted this radical wag-
er and produced the line of low
shoes, which this salesman quickly
sold. Gradually, the whole indus
try turned to low shoes.
MOST OF US ARE DUMBBELLs
I often visited Thomas A. Edison
at his home in New Jersey. At that
time his company was manufac-
turing the only phOnOgraph rec
ords, and these were waxed cylin-
ders. He would say to me that
some day fiat records would be
used; but he could not get any en-
thusiasm amongst the trade to sell
fiat records. He said: "Babson. I
am only an inventor, and not a
salesman. The statesmen and ad-
vertising agencies will determine
the future of America-not we in
ventors. There are enough inven-
tions in the Patent Office now to
make the United States, and, in
fact, the whole world, prosperous
for fifty years if there were enough
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
RuSSIA,S RAILROADS

Many theories have been offered as to
why the Soviet Union has not attacked and
Overrun Western Europe. One of these is
not so widely known as it should be. 1t is
that Russias lack of modern railroad sys-
tenn has made invasion too risky.
Russia is larger than the United States
in both population and land area-yet she
has but $4,000 miles of railroad as cOmpar-
ed with our 223, 800 miles. Moreover, track
gauge is not standardized-Which means that
goods frequently must be unlOaded and re-
loaded at heavy cost in time and effort dur
ing a long trip. Actually, say some experts,
the Soviet railroads are about in the same
shape as ours were IS years ago.
No doubt Russia is working hard to make
up her inadequacies in this feld-but that is
a matter that can't be attended to overnight.
1t demands human ard material resources of
high caliber, and in great quantity. The Am
erican railroad system is the worlds best be-
cause science, initiative, drive and competi-
tiOn made it so. The highest military au-
thOrities have told us how vital a service our
railroads performed for the nation in war.
And in time of peace their contribution to
the welfare of us all is almost beyond exag-
geratiOn.
The Iron Horse has his competitors. But
he still pulls the biggest load by far.
<0NG0NS~G
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
"AFTER nae. The pELueEn

Former President Harry S. Tru-
man made another acceptance
speech the other night. He was ac-
cepting an award from the Sidney
Hillman Foundation, not a nOmina-
ton to run for the Presidency
again. But it sounded more like the
latter than the former.
After warming up with compli-
ments to the Foundation and trib-
ute to the memory of Hillman,
Harry rounded into form with the
charge that I'VE have with us in
this country an old guard of re-
dictionaries. They were, he indi-
Gated, trying to stop depression
after it gains headway." A lot of
farmers, he thought, who voted
the way they did. believe now what
l said before about having their
heads examined"
This country is too strong" he
said, "tO let it be ruined by a set
of dismal blOckheads who want to
return to the days of Mckinley"
hO HlaA IlOlu AHuepSuueuCe also
shed crocodile tears for the falling
stock market, Tightening credit and
the plight of the farmers. He then
reminded his audience that in 1949
he had predicted a 300 billion dol
lar economy, and it had come to
pass. In 1860, he said, it would be
AIS billions!
So maybe you'd better vote for
him in 1856. Well be going from
rags to riches.
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
Washington Letter - By Robert Nelson ToYlor

I not have enough hydrogen bombs
or the planes to deliver them to
undertake atomic war against us
for three years or more.
Civil Defense Administrator Val
Peterson said: "The Soviet Union
has not got a hydrogen bomb-all
it has is a tehrmO-neuclear de-
vice"
Defense Mobilizer Arthur S.
Fleming said: Soviet Russia is
capable of delivering the most de-
structive weapon ever dey sed by
man on chosen targets in the U. S."
In his press conference following
these observations, the President
read a prepared statement in which
he disclosed that there had been
atomic explosions in Russia in Au-
gust, "in some part derived through
thermO-neuclear reaction"
Russia now has, he said, "a stock
pile of atomic weapons of cOnven-
tiOnal types" But he did not say
specifically that Russia had the
/ hydrogen bomb. Further, he had
asked all members of this Admin
istTatiOn," he said, to refrain"
from making statements about So
Wet atomic developments until they
had checked with Admiral Lewis
Strauss. chairman of the Atomic
Energy Commission
The Presidents statement also
included the comment that it was
mot possible at present to say whe-
ther defenses pending would go up
or down" He stated that a bal
anced budget remained the Admin
istratiOn's objective, but that he did
not believe in sacrificing security
even for such an objective.
And, since a report from the
Treasury Department indicates that
our financial watchdOgs expect to
be within half a billion dollars of
the debt ceiling before the end of
the mOnth--it could be that "Oper-
alton CandOr" in its final form is
designed to scare us only enough
to approve more bOrrOwing-and
more taXes-but not enough to sell
Grandpa's gold watch.
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
LABoR's GAIN

James G. Mitchell, of Westheld
N. j., a business man who has spe-
cialized in personnel relations for
eleven years. and who has served
since April 9th as Assistant Secre-
tary of the Army, was sworn in as
Secretary of Labor just in time to
attend the Friday Cabinet meeting.
In announcing Mr.. Mitchells Sc
lection at his Thursday press con-
ference, the President also report
ed that he had accepted the resig-
nation of Undersecretary of Labor
Lloyd Mashburn, who had asked
to be relieved so that he might be-
come assistant general president of
the Wood, Wire and Metal Lathers'
Union, AFL. In answer to a ques-
ton, the President said he would
not restrict his consideration of a
successor to the labor field.
While labor leaders in general
were grumbling over the selection
of the first nOn-uniOn Secretary in
many year, and had plainly come
to consider the U. S. Department
of Labor an accessory to organized
labor, CIO President Walter Reu-
ther remarked generously that Sec
retary Mitchell enjoys a good rep
utatiOn," and went on to promise
him every cooperation" from the
CIO.
Thus it may be that Mr.. Reuther,
admittedly the quick-witted mem
ber of the Labor hierarchy. is con-
vinced that the Administration is
more concerned about the nations
total labor force of more than sixty
millions, than with the minority of
twelve to fifteen million that be-
longs to unions. At least, the Dur
kin affair should have been illumi-
mating.
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
3518 Mayo
Topeka, Kan.
October 12, 1853

October IL, 1858
Dear Friends:-
Watching the World Series, knit
ting argyle socks, and having flu
in the family has made this last
week a full one, but never the less
l took time off to attend the new
comers coffee last Wednesday at
the Officers Club. My neighbor
across the street is Chairman of
the Welcoming committee and I
am one of her helpers so we rose
and shOne early that morning and
arrived at the club an hour prior
to the designated coffee hour. The
food" for that morning was beau
tltully arranged in copper contain
ers on a long table, in the center Of
which was an artistically arranged
bouquet of tinted weeds, and that's
all they were originally, weeds. but
how beautiful they looked all
dressed up for the coffee. We
served pineapple chunks and saus-
ages which were kept warm in a
chatlng dish, banana nut bread.
Danish Pastry sweet rolls, beauti-
Iully decorated mints, and coffee.
had just asked some of the girls
10 come to the table to be served
thelr coffee when 1 met Mrs. Joseph
Caldara eye to eye. 1 have men
tlOned before that Mrs. Caldara is
the Commanding Generals Wife.
The gap between a first lieutenant
ana general is quite a wide snan
and one that is hard to reach
| across. l have been wanting to talk
to Mrs. Caldara for several weeks
ABOUT our both knowing Jack Allen
from GrOton, Massachusetts. whose
wife, Mary Pearce Allen, told me of
our mutual acquaintance. Well so
as not to blurt out too abruptIv
that Il know Jack Allen and Won
DO, too, I talked a while about
the coffee and then asked if she
didn't go to school with Jack Allen.
she was quite surprised that I.
too, should know Jack and said
that she and Smokey" Cthe Gen
era), went to the Universitv of
Maryland with Bob and Jack Allen
and that Bob was in their class
and Jack was a year behind. She
was awfully pleased to hear about
them again and was. surprised to
know that Jack and Mary have
three lovely daughters. Right away
she wanted to know if we went TO
the University of Maryland and I
told her that we knew Jack through
Mary who came from our home
town, and that we were from Del
aware. Mrs. Caldara, who is such
an attractive person, and so gra-
cious, then mentioned that she had
lived for about two or three months
In a town in Delaware and you can
Just imagine the expression on nv
face when she told me it was Mil
ford. Our commanding general and
his wife living in Hayes and my
home town.! When I came out of
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
Good Chickweed Control
With DinitrO Compounds

Chickweed. long a major obstacle
to increased alfalfa acreage in
Delaware, can now be controlled
effectively with dinitro compounds.
In recent tests at the state Agri-
cultural Experiment Station, dini-
trO compounds of two types have
proved satisfactory: Ammonium
salt, under the trade names of
Dow Selective and Sinox w; and
anime salt-Dow Premerge and ST.
nox Pc. Directions for application
rates are supplied by the manufac-
turers.
According to Claude E. Phillips.
extension agronOmist at the Uni
versity of Delaware, treatment
should be made in November or
December, before chickweed forms
seed and the mat-like growth COM
mon to spring stands.
Phillips advises farmers to make
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
ENOUGH IS ENOUGH

Governor Thomas E. Dewey has appealed
to the United States Senate on behalf of de-
velOpment of a large amount of hydrOelectric
power at Niagara Falls by the State of New
YOrk-instead of by a group of five taxpay-
ing, publicly regulated private utilities
which are ready to undertake the $4O0, ,000,-
600 project.
Governor Dewey is entitled to his views.
But his stand in this case seems to be greatly
at variance with thoughts he has expressed
in the past.
Two years ago the Governor made tour
of the Far East. On his return Golfers car
ried an article by him in which he said, "The
power shortage Tin JAPAN is E. q. critical.
Only in America where the power industry
has largely remained free of government Ow-
nership is there still an almost adequate
supply Of power. have always appreciated
the value of the American free enterprise
system, and everywhere went it was driven
home again and again that competitive pri-
vate enterprise is the only system which can
meet the needs of a modern society"
Moreover, the Governors present stand
Gs to Niagara is not shared widely in Con-
gress. A bill to authorize the private enter
prise development passed by heavy major
ity In the HOuse-and 80 of New YOrk's 43
representatives voted for it. All the signs
indicate that this is representative of the
view OF the American people as a whole.
They've had more than enough of tax-de-
stroylng, tax-eating socialism, whether on
the federal or the state and local level.
Milford chronicle., 1953-10-16
DELAWARE FARM MARKET NEWS
Market News information Supplied BY The Bureau Of Muross
Stuie Board Of Agriculture, Dover, Delaware

The following is a weekly round
up of livestock prices and miscel-
laneOUs commodities prevailing last
!. eek. This report shows average
prices received by Delaware farm
ers for commodities that were mar
keted throughout this week.
LIVESTOCK PRICES
VEALERS
Choice: $25.OO to $3.50, mostly
$4,000 per cwt.
Medium to good: $1,000 to $24.50,
mostly $23.0O per cwt.
Rough and common: $500 to
$500, mostly $500 per cwt.
Monkeys: $500 to $3.50, mostly
$11.00 per cwt.
LAMBS
Common: $13.75 to $1,000, most
ly $13.75 per cwt.
SLAUGHTER COWS
Medium to good: $1,000 to $3.50,
mostly $1O.5O per cwt.
Common: $S.25 to 1915, mostly
$500 per cwt.
Gamers and cuttersE $5.75 to
$500, mostly $7.75 per cwt.
STEERS
Light steers: 1925 to $21.OO,
mostly $14.OO per cwt.
FEEDER HEIFERS
Dairy type: $500 to $1,000, most
ly $11.50 per cwt.
Beef type: $1,000 to $1,000, most
ly $14.00 per cwt.
BULLS
lover 1000 lbs.)
Medium to good: $11.5O to $14.50,
mostly $14.00 per cwt.
600 to 1000 lbs.)
Medium to good: $500 to $15.25,
mostly $10.50- per cwt.
Common: $500 to $3.50, mostly
$7.25 per cwt.
STRAIGHT HOGS
(gOod qUality)
12O to 10 lbs: $4,000 to $1,000,
mostly $21.00 per cwt.
40 to 240 lbs: $20.50 to $22.25,
mostly $1,000 per cwt.
24O to $50 lbs: $4,000 to $21.OO,
mostly $20.50 per cwt.
SOWS
(good quality
200 to 800 lbs: S16.5O to $500,
mostly $500 per cwt.
800 to 400 lbs: $17.OO to $3.50,
mostly $3.50 per cwt.