davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-07-08
BY the Assoeiosed Press

BERLIN, July ga young East
German leaped from a second
!! story window on the border into
West Berlin yesterday. bringing
/ with him an eyewitness account
of how Russians used force to get
so-called confessions that West
ern agents ignited the June re-
volt.
Soviet Maj. Gen. PIT. Dibrova,
whose forces quelled the revolt in
East Berlin, announced the ar
rest of Werner Kalkowski. 81
year-old unemployed actor, and
made public a purported confess
sion of being hired by American
Army officers to stir up the re-
bellion.
The East Berlin refugee said
the charges against Kalkowski
/ are completely false"
II was with him on Koch
strasse on June IT," the youth
said in an interview. II was
caught with Kalkowski while we
were standing around on some
bomb ruins watching the riot.
None of us was taking part in
it, we were just watching. Vopos
! German police) and Russians
surrounded us and we were hand
cuffed and taken in big trucks
to KarlShorst (Soviet Army
headquarterS). The Russian
guards there waved off our con-
voy and we went to the MVD
(Soviet secret police) prison at
Lightenberg:
Beaten by Police.
'We were showed into a small
room, about 40 of us, and were
given a hearing by a Soviet Off
Ger that lasted about three hours.
The German police and SSD
Communist secret police beat
us and kicked us. but the Soviet
soldiers did not touch us.
Later, I talked to Kalkowski
and he told me he had only
come to the East to have a
couple of drinks and was on his
way to the labor Office at the
time. He said he was sure he
would be released soon because
he hadn't done anything"
Many of the imprisoned. in
Evening star., 1953-07-08
ADVERTISEMENT. ADVERTISEMENT.
Air|ines Hostess Finds Secret
Of Dazzling White Teeth
By RENE CARTER

Believe it or not, it took a plane
trip from London to give me an
attractive smile! EnviouS of the
sparkling white teeth of our air
lines stewardess, I finally gath
cred the courage to ask the Sc
cret of her smile. She told me OF
an amazing new tooth whitene!
she ran across in England which
has only recently been imported
to this country.
It's name Gordon Moore s
ruby Red" Toothpaste. I later
found out this wonder product
contains a special red ingredient
that, first of all, removes stub
born stains, whitens the teeth by
a unique polishing action, then
actually tintS the gums a rosy
healthy looking hue!
For over 20 years a favorite OF
famous British royalty, movie
stars and models. Ruby Red
was the first ammoniated tooth
paste made in either England or
America. 1t has been laboratory
tested for its purity and nom
abrasive action and really lives
up to all of its claims.
One use of Ruby Red" Tooth
paste, and amazing things hap
pened to my smile-aS it will to
yours! If your teeth are dingy OF
yellow. they become white-as-can-
be. Or, even if your teeth are
naturally white, they will appear
shades lighter after using RUBY
Red" Toothpaste. It comes in
four wonderful fiavors, too: Pep
permint, Spearmint, Creme de
Mint and Rose Peppermint.
You'll like the way RUBY Red
Toothpaste tints your gums like q
Evening star., 1953-07-08
Arizona Woman Injured
When Struck by Car Here

A woman tourist suffered a
broken leg today when she was
struck by an automobile as she
was crossing Constitution avenue
near First street NV.
Police identified her as Mrs.
Agnes Janett, So, of Phoenix,
Ariz. She and her husband,
Julius Janett, have a rest home
in Phoenix.
The driver of the car, police
said, was James P. Wright, SO,
of 206 Thirty fourth street NE,
a building guard.
Mrs. Janett was admitted to
Casualty Hospital.
Evening star., 1953-07-08
Prisoners to Return

TOKYO, July 8 (P).-The jap
anese Foreign Office today said
Australia will return 173 japanese
war criminals imprisoned on
Manus Island to serve the re-
mainder of their sentence at Sug-
amo Prison in Tokyo.
Evening star., 1953-07-08

ADVERTISEMENT.
Evening star., 1953-07-16
Doris FIeeson-

The United States Senate
has sacrificed two-thirds Of
the debt owed by Germany to
American taxpayers in order
that private investors in Ger
man bonds which were once
thought worthless may receive
a windfall of $547 million plus
accumulated interest at 512
per cent. Unofficial estimates
suggest that the interest will
be at least equal to the face
value Of the bonds.
Furthermore, the taxpayers
who are giving up a total OF
81 billion in this unusual set
tlement have no way Of
knowing who their private
benef1ciaries are. ThesObene-
ficiaries could be the original
investors, but so far as the
Senate is aware. they may be
spectators both foreign and
domestic.
In a little-noted debate late
Monday. minority of Sena-
tors vigorously protested the
settlement, which seemed to
them at best unfair to the
taxpayer and at worst, sinister.
They were heavily handicapped
by the fact that the debt
agreement was presented as a
vital contribution to German
recovery and German partici-
patton in the collective defense
of the free world.
AS the hearings on the new
mutual security bill clearly
show, a feeling is developing
in Congress that increasing re-
lance must be placed on Ger
many in the struggle to pre-
serve Western Europe. Other
allies get the rough side of
their tongues, but not Ger
Evening star., 1953-07-16

purging of Beria is that it was
he who favored, for reasons
Of his own, a temporary soft
policy toward the West. He
had hoped to convince the
Russian people that he was
actually representing Stains
policies. while Malenkov was
opposed to them. In the strug-
gle which ended in Beria's
downfall, this was an impor-
tant side issue. The allies want
to see now If Molotov will be
allowed to accept the invita-
ton they are planning to for
ward to the Kremlin. If Molo-
tov "sends his regrets" the
Western nations will be
warned to abandon their pres
ent optimistic policies that
they can do business with
Russia, and are likely to take
military preparedness more
seriously than in the last 1S
months.
The surprise attack by some
10000 Red troops against the
allied positions manned main
ly by ROK divisions seems
also to have opened up the
eyes of the British and French
foreign ministers, who had
taken it for granted that an
armistice in Korea would be
signed as soon as the Stub
born old" Syngman Rhee was
brought into line. The British
are more anxious than the
French to liquidate the Ko-
rean war. They are already
on record as favoring the re-
placement of the Chinese Ma
tionalists by the Communists
in the United Nations. They
also informed the State De-
partment some three weeks
ago that the trade restrictions
on some specific strategic ma
terials would be removed as
soon as the armistice was
concluded. And both the Brit
ish and French governments
had implied earlier that once
the armistice was signed they
would trust the political con-
ference to settle the Korean
Evening star., 1953-07-16

ticular newspaper. The editors
answered respectfully and
persuasively in denial of all
accusations, and not a shred
of evidence was adduced to
impeach their integrity. But
nobody called for changes in
the procedures of committees
or for the castigation of
Senator Walsh. Indeed, he
went on in 1924 to subpoena
an editor and writer from a
Western newspaper and found
one who was mixed UP in the
Teapot Dome scandal Of the
Republican Harding regime.
Whether it Is the press or
the colleges or labor unions
or the clergy, the problem is
not institutional but individ-
ual. AS for clergymen, the
Right Rev. James p. de Wolfe,
Protestant Episcopal bishop
Of Long Island, has just said
in an interview that 81 per
cent of the clergymen with
whom he comes in contact
in his diocese are loyal. This
implies that three per cent
may not be loyal. The item
didn't make the big headlines.
But j. B. Matthews, whose
article described the vast ma
jority of Protestant clergy
men-97 per cent-as "loyal,"
lost his job as staff investi-
gator Of a Senate committee
for venturing to say that the
) remaining three per cent is
larger than any other group
of persons who have been
supporting the Communist
propaganda apparatus in
America.
incidentally. Capitol Hill
researchers on Communist
data say Matthews was
wrong - that labor-u n i o n
members comprise the biggest
single group and that clergy
men are only the second
largest. Such errors are Sc
riouS when anti-C Communists
make them. but when Glib
erals" make them in testi-
mony, they are charitably for
given as "lapses of memory"
or minor discrepancies"
Everything apparently depends
on whose OK is gored.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1953-07-16
David LoWrence

Naturally many Of the So
called liberal" Democrats in
Congress are tired Of congress
sional investigations-that is.
inquiries managed and oper-
ated by the Republicans. with
all the attendant headlines
and television publicity they
have been getting.
It's strange what a differ
ence just a few months make.
Senator Kefauver, Democrat,
not so long ago was carrying
on television program with
his Senate subcommittee. APP
plause came from far and wide
that here at last the gamblers
and the criminals were being
exposed. Only the city bosses
most of them Democrats
we're antagonized. and they
did finally block his nomina-
ton for the presidency,
though he ran better than
Truman in the primaries.
Some Democratic Party lead
ers said the crime inquiry was
not the business of the Federal
Government at all and that,
If law violation existed. it was
the duty of the States and the
cities to detect and punish
crime.
For months it was obvious
that a Senate committee was
using the historic power of
exposure and publicity only to
draw attention to the break
down of law enforcement
among some local government
bodies. One of the indirect
results of the investigation is
the present legislative COM
pact between the States Of
New York and New Jersey to
prevent crime in the hiring
of labor in the docks Of the
port of New York.
But now Senator Monroney,
Democrat, of Oklahoma has
arisen to question the advisa-
bility of some of the investiga-
tions being conducted by the
Senate Committee on Govern
ment Operations headed by
Senator Mccarthy. He pleads,
with reference to a possible
questioning Of the personnel Of
one governmental agency that,
If Communists are to be fer
reted out, "let the FBI do it,
Evening star., 1953-07-16

many. Almost wistfully. they
talk of German industry, COM
petence and strength.
The debt settlement of
course does not cost Germany
less because private investors
in her bonds are so favored at
the taxpayers expense. TeSti-
mony before the Senate For
eign Relations Committee in
dicated that the amount Ger
many could pay, consistent
with her economic recovery,
was first agreed upon and the
distribution of that sum be-
tween public and private debt
ors decided later
These negotiations were con-
Quoted last year by Truman
appointees and reviewed by
the Eisenhower administration
which signed them and urged
their approval by the Senate.
The influential Senator
George of Georgia, ranking
Democrat on the Foreign Rela-
tions Committee, backed up
the contention of Chairman
Wiley that it was necessary
to pay the individual bond
holders if the credit Of Ger
many were to be established.
I'VE are merely wasting our
time when we undertake to set
up the defense of Western
Europe without Germany" he
said strongly.
Led by Senators Gillette of
Iowa and Douglas of Illinois,
the minority valnly protested
that the question was not the
cost to Germany but the dis
tribution of German payments
on this side of the water. Their
arguments included:
An insistence that an agree
ment which penalized the tax
Evening star., 1953-07-16
Liberals and Investigations
Democrats Questioned for Opposing Congress Inquiries
Except When They're in Riders Scot Holding Them

or even a special commission
with congressional representa-
ton do 1t, If investigation is
determined to be necessary"
But he exhorts: Please.
please, let it be done without
headlines and television."
Does the Oklahoma Senator
mean to deprive the members
of Congress of their opportuni-
ties for headlines and tele-
vision appearances?
But it may be that prosecut-
ing Communists and Commu-
mist sympathizers In the
court Of public opinion isn't. to
be considered in a class with
exposing criminals and gam
blers so far as publicity and
public service are concerned.
It may be also that the agents
of Soviet gangsters who have
at times inf1ltrated the press,
the church, the theater, the
labor unions and the colleges
in America must be treated
politely, and the news about
their questionable activities
! must be hushed up.
It's odd that the So-called
liberals" who want to do
away with Investigations un-
less they happen to be con-
Quoting them, or unless ham,
stringing rules are now
adopted to govern procedures,
are forgetting that they them
selves have made the most
use of this safeguard against
invisible government and with
the same methods" and rules
as are still in vogue today.
Perhaps the most imperti-
nent inquiry of this kind was
conducted back in March,
1915, by Senator Walsh. Demo-
crat, of Montana, a liberal"
and a great constitutional
lawyer who knew. of course,
what freedom of the press or
any other provisions of the
Constitution mean. He hailed
a couple of top editors from a
New York newspaper before
his committee and demanded
to know of them why they
wrote certain editorials on a
piece of then-pending legisla-
tion and if certain business
and financial interests owned
a substantial part of that par
Evening star., 1953-07-16
Nine Parachute Safely
As Plane Dives in Ocean
Rx the A.seeioted Press

SAN DIEGO, Calf, July 16.-
A huge four-engine flying boat
carrying a crew of nine crashed
into the ocean 6 miles west of
San Diego yesterday. All crew
members parachuted to the water
and were rescued.
Consolidated Vultee Aircraft
Corp, which built the 64-ton
craft for the Navy, said the
plane was flying at about 10000
feet when it plunged to the
water, It sank soon afterward.
Cause of the crash was not
known. A Convair spokesman
said no explosion or fire occurred.
The crewmen, all Convair en-
ployes. were picked up by Coast
Guard helicopters, a PPM sea-
plane and a crash boat.
Evening star., 1953-07-16
Soviet Surprises All
By 81 Million Pledge
For Technical Aid
By the Associated Press

GENEVA, July 16.-The Soviet
Union yesterday announced its
first grant to the technical as
sistance program of the United
Nations. It promised the equiva-
lent Of 81 million. The United
States contributed $11.4 million
in 1852 and has pledged a SINH
lar amount this year.
A. A. Arutiunian, Soviet dele
gate, made the surprise an
nounce at a meeting of the 18-
nation United Nations Economic
and Social Council. He an
nounced the grant as 4 million
rubles. The Russians value the
ruble at Is cents. Since pay
ments to the United Nations are
made in American or other hard
currency. the assumption is that
this means a 81 million contribu-
ton toward the technical assist
ance programs annual budget of
about $25 million.
The technical assistance pro-
gram is similar to the United
States point-four aid, but on
an international scale. It tries
to develop backward countries
both industrially and socially.
This will be the first Moscow
contribution since the program
began three years ago. All the
Cominform nations have boy
cotted meetings dealing with the
program, before today's.
Mr.. Arutiunian said the Soviet
Union was also prepared to con-
tribute the services of Russian
experts to the program.
But the Soviet delegate ex-
pressed opposition to a United
Nations fund for world economic
development proposed earlier by
United States Delegate John C..
Baker. The American had sug-
geSted the fund might be estab-
Evening star., 1953-07-16
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

Russia gets invitation to Big -Four conference It's lucky
the have leaders who speak straight from the
shouder-s cinch they won't have with heads left to
do it from.
per cent cut in Ikes inoIma
tion The Congressman figure chief trouble abroad
is how much the folks already know about us.
Agriculture Secretary limits wheat paintings to 81
million Republicans call it sound economics day
sounds like the New Deal
names Mexico banker Commissioner Of Indian
Affairs The gentleman reported to be good Repubcanbut
nobody knows what else Ike has against him.
The Veterans Administration tghtens hospital rules for
with ailments incurred in service The hospitals
ovecrowded during the Democratic regme-so
getting sick just thinking about it.
Evening star., 1953-07-16
Body Of Winnipeg Girl,
Lost 10 Days, Is Found
BY the Associofed Press

MINAKI, Ontario. July 16.-A
To-day search in the Northwest
ern Ontario wilderness for a lit
tie Winnipeg girl ended yester-
day when the child's body was
found near Wade, Ont.
Geraldine Huggan. S, wan
dered from her parents. Mr.. and
Mrs. Jared Huggan, at a sum-
mer cottage near Wade July S.
Boats and planes, including a
helicopter, were called in to as
sist ground search parties who
combed the insect-infested
swampy bush. Geraldine's body
was found by Harry Hawes, a
Kenora. Ont. proSpector.
The body had been mauled, ap-
parently by wild animals, but the
Indian searchers said there was
no blood on the clothing. VOLTS
hair was found on nearby bushes.
Coroner D. j. Mason Of Ken
ora. Ont, went to the scene in q
plane.
Evening star., 1953-07-16
Compromises Among Big Three
Dulles Called Sklfu Neeototor in Using Developments
Which Were Not Foreseen to Good Advantage

war without their further mill
itary participation, regardless
of the outcome Of that con-
ference.
According to reports from
London and Paris, the repre-
sentatives of these govern
ments had been instructed to
point up these matters in
Washington and leave no doubt
as to their stand.
While the conversations were
in course, two things hap
pened: Mr.. Rhee pledged
himself not to sabotage the
armistice and the Chinese
launched the strongest offen-
sive in more than two years.
The conclusion drawn from
these developments was that
when the Communist high
command realized that an ar
mistice had become inevitable.
it ordered an all-out attack
to prove who was victor in this
war. Some 10000 Reds, backed
by q flrepower we had not seen
even at the height Of our Of
fensive in France in the last
war, attacked the Korean lines
and pushed back the nu-
merically inferior ROKs. Such
a concentration Of men and
fire power cannot take place
overnight. The enemy must
have had this move in mind
for a long time. He took ad-
vantage of the lull caused by
the armistice negotiations to
organize his forces for this
spectacular offensive.
Secretary Dulles is said to
have pointed out to his COL
leagues that unless the allies
demonstrate to the Commu-
nists that, in spite Of their
political divergences. they are
determined to stick together in
opposing aggression in the Far
East, all hopes for improving
the situation in that area must
be abandoned.
This resulted, after frequent
consultations with Paris and
London, in the agreement that
the three allies will continue to
stand together in Korea.
Evening star., 1953-07-16

President Eisenhower, after
six months in Office, "has a very
healthy respect" for the news
men attending his conferences.
The Presidents attitude was
described last night by James c.
Hagerty, White House press sec
retary, in response to a question
on an NBC radio program, RE
port From the White House."
Mindful of reports during the
campaign that Gen. Eisenhower
might not be as cooperative
with the press as his predeces-
sors, a reporter asked Mr.. Ha-
gerty what the Presidents reac-
tion was after half year in Of
flee.
Mr.. Hagerty first responded by
saying that would take a little
time to answer. But. he added
that by and large both the Pres
ident and his staff including
himSelf-had very healthy re-
spect for the integrity and hon
esty Of the reporters.
Sometimes" he said, I'VE
don't like what is written but
we don't challenge your right to
write it,"
Mr.. Hagerty said the Presi-
dent and his press Office tries to
anticipate the needs of the news
men and do their best to give
out as much information as pos
sible.
One questioner wanted to know
if the President chaffed at re-
porters following him everywhere
he goes. Mr.. Hagerty replied in
the negative and said the Presi-
dent got used to reporters while
he was supreme allied command
er In Europe during and after
Evening star., 1953-07-16
DR.. Eisenhower Signs
Chilean Point 4 Program
BY the Associated Press

SANTIAGO, Chile, July 16.-
Dr.. Milton S. Eisenhower. who is
making a fact-f1nding Latin
American tour for his brother,
President Eisenhower, yesterday
signed a Point Four agricultural
program with Chilean President
Carlos Ibanez del Campo.
Mr.. Ibanez gave his visitor a
letter to Gen. Eisenhower and
two photographs of himself.
Foreign Minister Oscar Fem
ner told newsmen the Eisen-
hover visit will have an enor-
nous influence on Chilean in
ternational policy" because it
will "accentuate the inter-Amer-
lean sentiment here"
The Eisenhower party will
leave for Montevideo, Uruguay,
today.
Evening star., 1953-07-16
De Casper Cabinet
Sworn In; Anti-Red
Interior Chief Absent
By the Assoeiated Press

ROME, July 16. - President
Luigi Einaudi swore in Premier
Alcide de Gasperi's eighth con-
secutive postwar cabinet today.
In the 72-year-old premier's
latest lineup of II ministers.
eight are political youngsters
averaging only IS years Of age.
Notably absent was tough, ST.
cilian-born Mario Scelba. inter-
ior minister of the last five de
Gasperi cabinets. He had built
his police force into an efficient
group of jeep-transported riot
breakers, particularly effective
against the Communists. Re-
portedly he refused the defense
ministry in the new government,
preferring to remain only men,
ber Of the Chamber of Deputies.
Mr.. de Gasperi again kept
the Foreign Minister'S portfolio,
as we'll as the premiership.
For the first time since the
war Mr.. de Gasperi confined his
cabinet entirely to his own
Christian Democratic Party. His
minor party allies in the center
coalition all suffered marked
losses in the June parliamentary
elections.
AS his new. Defense Minister
in charge of Italy's continued
military buildup for participation
in the North Atlantic alliance
Mr.. de Gasperi chose Giuseppe
Codacci Pisanelli. He is rela-
lively unknown politically and
part of the younger contingent
in the government.
Mr.. de Gasperi's seventh cab
met resigned June % after the
elections in which strong gains
by the extreme right and the
far left cut the government
coalitions majority to 16 seats
in the Chamber of Deputies and
seven in the Senate.
Evening star., 1953-07-16
Dods FIeeson-
One Way to Rebuild Germany
Private Investors in German Bonds Seen Receiving
$547 Million Plus 5h Pct. Accumulated Interest

payers 81 per cent in order
to repay private investors 100
per cent plus interest was fun
damentally unfair.
The contention was that the
least the Senate could do was
establish means of finding out
who really would profit from
the debt settlement. In this
connection, Senator Douglas
reminded his colleagues that it
was a depression fashion to
paper bathrooms with this
type of security which was so
handsomely printed and so
speculative in value.
Senator Morse went further.
He said he would like to know
how many of the claimants
were clients of Sullivan &
Cromwell (Secretary Dulles
old f1rn) and other Wall
Street lawyers.
Replying to a question by
Senator Gore, Senator Gillette
asserted that the treaty-mak-
ing power of the Federal Gov
ernment had never before been
used to effect an arrangement
for the 100 per cent liquida-
ton of private debts.
Senator Morse also pointed
to State Department testi-
mony that "the persons who
bought those (private) bonds
probably had a certain conf
dence in the outcome Of the
Hitler regime"
A Senate which has dis
played little taste for hard
problems this year, which is
eager to 60 home and. above
all, eager to help Germany,
voted 5l-16 to approve the
agreement.