davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-04-29
$4,000 Survey
Is Approved
For Alexandria
Council Votes Study
Of City Government
By Vote Of 5 to 2

%AA~A0AAAA Ao Ao SOAAS W AdfC
the much debated Government
survey by experts from the Uni
versity of Pennsylvania.
It will take one year to COM
plete and will cost about $35. 900.
The city council, by a So vote.
approved City Manager Ira Will
lard'S recommendation for the
survey last night and instructed
him to put money in the forth
coming budget to pay for it.
Mayor Marshall j. Beverley
and Councilman John j. Ewald
cast the two votes against the
survey, but pledged their support
after it was authorized.
Felt Cost Unwarranted.
Mayor Beverley reiterated that
the city manager and his staff
should be capable of conducting
any surveys necessary. He said
he did not believe the city was in
such bad shape that a pro-
fessional survey costing $35, 900
was warranted.
Mr.. Ewald said he thought the
price was too high. The city's
experience with previous surveys
has been that the recommended
tionS never were fulfilled, said
Mr. Ewald.
Councilman Leroy Bendheim,
who offered the resolution au-
thorizing the survey, specified
that the surveyors make monthly
reports and submit monthly
bills. In this way, he said the
council would be in a position
to call a halt to the survey if
at any time the progress Is not
satisfactory.
Tranquility Prevails.
The survey prompted bitter
debate among council members
and Alexandria's citizens after
1T was recommended by Mr.. Will
lard several months ago. Sur
prisingly. there was complete
tranquility when the matter
came before council last night.
Representatives from three civic
groups spoke in behalf of the
survey. letters from two others
were read in support Of the sur
vey and one letter was read in
opposition.
When the discussion ended
and the vote was counted, Coun-
Gilman Bendheim pledged his
full cooperation In the survey
and to those who will conduct
it." He said he would do his
best to see that recommended
tionS Of this survey are fulfilled.
Mayor Beverley said he also
wished to pledge his support
since a majority of councilmen
voted for it.
To Start in 10 Days.
The survey is to be conducted
by the Government Consulting
Service of the Institute Of Local
and State Government at the
University Of Pennsylvania. Mr..
Willard said he expected work
could begin within 10 days.
Major phases Of the city'S gov-
ernment to be covered by the
survey include: organization and
executive management, budget
process, department operations,
personnel, fiscal policy, codifica-
tion Of ordinances and prepare.
ton Of an administrative code.
DeloS Smith, former member
OF the Board of Architectural
Review, was appointed to the
planning commission to succeed
Leroy Peabody. who recently re-
signed. Gordon Rust. Alexandria
architect. was appointed to re-
place Mr.. Smith on the Board of
Architectural Review.
The council set June 20 for the
next rezoning hearing. Dennis
Cahill, acting planning director,
said May Is would be the dead
line for filing rezoning applica-
tions to be considered at the
June hearing.
Evening star., 1953-04-29
Rockville Dinner Set

The Women's Society of Hunt
ing Hill Methodist Church, Rock
vile. will give q fried chicken
dinner from 4 to 8 pm. Satur-
day in the parish hall.
Evening star., 1953-04-29
Ruling Asked
On Arlington
6. Primary
Late Fee Payment
May Bur Candidate,
Leave Only One
By Alex R. Preston

Virginia's attorney general has
been asked to rule on the quali-
fications of q candidate to de.
termine whether Arlington Re.
Evening star., 1953-04-29

when daughter gets diet ideas.
Mothers can make sure the girls
eat the right things by planning
meals that won't pack the avoir-
dupois on but will provide essen
tial energy foods, the experts
said.
No mention was made of help
ing boys diet. Presumably be-
cause the lads are willing to "let
it spread, let it spread"
Evening star., 1953-10-26
Constantine Brown

ROME, italy (By Air MaiD.
The storm center in West
ern Europe has moved from
north to south, from the
banks of the Elbe and the
Rhine to the shores of the
Adriatic. American officials
here consider the Trieste
question more explosive than
the Berlin blockade in 1948
and are prone to liken it to
that in Korea Immediately
before the invasion of June
26, 1850. They dread particu-
larly the day when Moscow's
hand may become visible in
this affair.
Whether the present tumult
in the Adriatic will result in
an armed conflict is at the
time of this writing still any
body'S guess. The Italians are
confident that they are stand
ing by their rights and claim
that they will not hesitate to
defend them, arms in hand.
They are a part and parcel of
the NATO and feel that they
can rely at least on Americas
support if Tito were to force
an armed showdown.
AS in Korea, the Trieste
situation is the result of the
unbelievable blunderings by
Western diplomats who after
the end of the war appeared
mesmerized by the Kremlin.
Trieste and the Istrian
Peninsula are in fact as
Italian as Texas is American.
They were Italy's price for
abandoning the Central Powers
and joining the allies in the
First World War.
After the Yugoslav state was
created from the ShambleS OF
the Austro-Hungarian empire,
President Wilson insisted that
the principle of nationalities
be strictly enforced and the
east coast of the Adriatic, oc-
cupied predominantly by Slavs,
was jOined to the Serbian
kingdom, thus creating the
heterogeneous Yugoslavia.
After the second World War,
despite the promises made to
the Italians at the time of
their unconditional surrender,
the weakened Western dip
lomats, in their desire to ap-
Evening star., 1953-10-26
Plea

This I protest. These men
have rejected America. Should
not America, in all dignity,
reject them in return?
It seems to me that our ex-
planation should be confined
to the following: '.:"
1--WE understand you have
decided not to return to the
United States. If that decision
was made involuntarily or
under mental or physical
duress, each of you has 80 days
to reconsider. Whatever deci-
sion you make will be crucial
for your whole lives. 1t is not,
therefore. one that should be
made under any external in
f1uences whatever, either Of
your fellow prisoners or of the
American command. Each Of
you should make the decision
in your own mind and heart
alone.
when you make it, it will be
final. America is not a cloak
to put on or take off accord
ing to the season. He who re-
jectS America is rejected by
her. America wants no in
voluntary citizens; no Ameri-
cans who have to be persuaded
OF indoctrinated to be. or stay
Americans: no Americans to
whom America has to be Sold
You still, for 90 days, have one
American birthright. For that
length of time you can exercise
free choice.
IF you come back we will
welcome you. Eventually, II
you try, you will be able to
live down what can charitably
be accepted as a temporary
error due to exceptional cir
cumstances. But if it Is your
final will to leave us, we shall
not regret you. America will
strike you off, among the miss
ing-missing with permanent
leave. The choice is entirely
your own. You are entirely
free to make it. Good morn
ing, and perhaps-good-bye.
Evening star., 1953-10-26
Dovid Lawrence

The drop of 10 points in
President EiSenhower's popu-
larity-from rs per cent in
mid-September to IS per cent
today. as reported in the latest
Gallup poll-will start con-
siderable discussion of the
probable causes.
AS DR.. Gallup points out, it
is not unusual for wide fluc-
tuations in a Presidents pop
ularity to be recorded during
his administration. Thus Mr..
Truman started out with an
all-time high of 81 per cent
in 1945 when he took office,
and went down to 43 per cent
at the end of the year. and
actually hit a. low of 80 per
cent within Is months before
starting upward again, yet it
will be recalled that he won
his election in 1948.
While the Gallup survey
shows defections in all groups
and sections, it is interesting
to note that those who dis
approved of the Eisenhower
record to date gave as their
reasons: failure to fulfill
promises, failure to cut taxes,
lack of leadership, lack of ac-
complishment, no improve
ment in economic conditions,
caused unemployment, favors
big business and doesn't help
the worker. hasn't helped the
farmer, golfs too much and
takes too many vacations.
Analyzing these reasons,
they can be attributed in large
part to the bad public rela-
tionS at the White House.
This doesn't mean that they
haven't very good press-rela-
tions officers there, because
they really have. But public
relations isn't a mere matter
of mechanics in the giving out
of information. It's a matter
OF planning. and not by sub
ordinates but by the President
himself. It's something that
cannot be delegated to a staff
meeting. The man who heads
q company or a government
agency has to do most of this
type of thinking and policy
making himself. The press
Evening star., 1953-10-26

Republicans in a spirit OF
sympathy for the embattled
President.
The farm issue will serve to
unite the Democrats in Con-
gress. One of the principal
spokesmen for agriculture in
the Senate is Russell of Geor-
gia. His abilities and expert
ence dictate that in any case
he would lead on that issue;
since he is up next year he can
count even more heavily on
the backing of his colleagues.
Democrats also expect to
profit from Senator Byrd's
dissatisfaction with Treasury
policy. The greatly respected
George of Georgia has always
lent his weight to goals sought
by both Byrd and his Georgia
junior.
The minority group really
champing at the bit however
is composed of the junior lib
erals of the Senate whose fu-
ture lies ahead of them. They
were somewhat restrained last
session by their relative mex
perience and the general feel
ing that the President was
initially entitled to the benefit
of every doubt.
Their ambitions have been
re-kindled by events and most
of them are to be found on the
hustings when and as request
ed. Senator Kefauver, for ex-
ample, campaigned in Wis
consin and takes a modest bow
for the unexpected outcome.
Senator Monroney is in Cali
Evening star., 1953-10-26
ConstdntIne Brown
Is War Brewing Over Trieste?
American Officials in Rome Are Dreuding the Day
When Moscows Hand Nay Become Visible

pease Russia's Molotov. agreed
at the Paris conference of 1946
to emasculate the strongly
Italian Istrian Peninsula and
the city of Trieste by making
another 'Danzig" out of that
port.
Tito was in those days still
the fair-haired boy of the
Kremlin and Molotov saw to
it that he would be given a
chance to eventually add
Trieste itself to his Communist
realm. The division of that
small territory into two zones:
The hinterland of Trieste
Zone B under Yugoslav con-
troll and the city and port it
self as Zone A under British
American control, was one of
the diplomatic monstrosities
in which we excelled in the
early postwar days.
The fact that the British
American pledges to Italy had
been thrown into the waste.
paper basket was apparently
unimportant. The treaty of
Paris was rammed down the
throats of the Italians who
having lost the war had no
alternative but to accept it.
Russia did not insist then
that the whole Eastern Adri-
attic be surrendered to Tito be-
cause it had to keep alive the
Communist movement in Italy,
where its StoogeS Palmiro Tog-
liatti and Luigi Longo were
busy organizing the Italian
Communists under the benevo-
lent eyes of the American and
British forces of occupation.
Togliatti had warned his
masters in Moscow that the
loss of the whole Italian-popu-
lated Trieste area would make
his job more difficult.
In 1948 when the Western
allies began to see through
Russia's game more clearly,
the United States and Britain
announced that the entire
free territory, both zones.
should go eventually to Italy.
It was an eleventh-hour move
to save the election for the
Christian Socialists headed by
the then Prime Minister Alcide
de Gasperi. It worked. Many
Evening star., 1953-10-26
U.S.. Plan PuNWedther Ships
off Atlantic Draws Few Tears

virtually all the flights at over
the-weather attitudes. the need
has disappeared. The planes
themselves are far more reliable
sources of weather information
at this point than the ships.
Value Is Negligible.
With the improvement in long
range navigational aids, the
floating stations serve no direc-
tion-f1nding purpose and their
value as rescue stations is negli-
gible.
Only if a plane were able to
ditch Gland on the water) close
alongside one of the weather
ships, would the chances of res
cue be appreciably improved. An
airline official said he could recall
offhand only one ditching of a
commercial transatlantic plane.
Foreign airlines, furthermore,
take the same view. A spokes-
man informed The Star some
what haughtily that European
aircraft carry precisely the same
equipment as the American
planes and would be every bit
as able to get along without the
weather stations.
The only group, in fact which
would appear to have any cause
to regret the decision is the Coast
Guard. An official revealed that
at least some of the ships with
drawn from the U. N. service
would be laid up and their crews
beached. And reductions in IA
cilities and personnel to any
branch of the service always
come as a bit of a blow.
Evening star., 1953-10-26

Italians who would have voted
the Communist ticket because
it seemed to offer more tang
ible economic advantages than
the Christian Socialists, cast
their ballot for de Gasperi. The
nationalist spirit regarding
Trieste transcended party
lines.
After the Christian Socialist
leader was safely in the sad
die. the allies conveniently
decided to let sleeping dogs
lie. Tito in the meantime had
been expelled from the Comm
form and was welcomed with
open arms in the allied fold.
He was saved from an eco
nomic debacle which might
have seen the end Of his per-
sonal regime and was provided
with arms and ammunition by
the United States and Britain.
We agreed not to object to
Tito sticking to his Com
munist doctrines and did not
invite him to join the NATO
as Italy, Greece and Turkey
had. An open alliance with
the West might have en-
barrassed him. But we pledged
ourselves to rearm his dis
organized forces and protect
him against attack from the
East without asking for any
positive guarantees for good
behavior on his part toward
our Italian ally.
1t is natural that under such
circumstances Washington and
London should be anxious to
leave the Trieste situation
severely alone. We had for
mally promised Italy the re-
turn of the territory. But italy
was deeply obligated to us and
was not in position to insist
on our fulfilling this obliga-
tion.
On the other hand, Tito
might have been annoyed If
we decided to put an end to
the uncertain situation in
Trieste by evacuating our
forces and putting the Italians
in their place. So Washington
and London decided until
sometime late this summer
that the best solution for that
explosive problem was to have
no solution at all.
Evening star., 1953-10-26

Gus violence. Their captors,
too, working through allies in
the camps, tried to influence
them. We know the Commu-
mist methods of breaking mems
wills. What methods were en-
ployed by the Rhee-Koreans
has not, as far as I know. been
effectively reported. Every
thing has been under military
censorship.
Anyhow, before the armis-
tice was signed the prisoners
were all lined up as Commu-
mist or anti-Communist. Some
of them had tattooed them
selves cor been tattooed" by
their comrades) as an ineradi-
cable sign of their allegiance.
Then their names, addresses,
and case histories were given.
via Gen. Thimayya, Indian
custodian, to the neutral COM
mission whose Communist
members certainly passed them
to the Red Korean and Chi
neSe authorities. So if they
do choose to go home. they
and their families-will be
wholly at the mercy of the
secret police.
But the explanation process
is the privilege Of both sides.
Twenty-Five American prison.
ers in North Korean or Red
Chinese hands have gone over
to the Communists. In their
cases no pressure from their
American buddies is involved.
Returning American prisoners
report that the Is, despised by
their fellow Americans, were
early isolated and given fav-
orable treatment. Either they
were previously disposed to-
ward Communism or quickly
spotted as Communist mate
rial.
Now an American explana-
tion team is after them, armed,
I have read, with complete
case histories of their family
and other backgrounds, as ad-
junctS to their reconversion.
Evening star., 1953-10-26
Democrats Confidence Grows
Recent Events Reverse Poys Previous Cautious Reluctance
To Take Off the Gloves in Opposition to Administration

fornia trying to help George
Arnold, Thurman Arnold'S son,
repeat that upset.
Senator Douglas of Illinois
furnishes another example Of
the altered outlook of this
group. He was genuinely pessi-
mistic, almost downcast, when
the session ended. He would
not, he insisted, even discuss
running again next year until
after he had Travelled over his
State and made soundings.
Now he is sending back word
and from agricultural areas
normally Republican, that
things look very well.
Other members of this group
are Senators Humphrey, SYM
ington, Mansfield, Jackson.
Hennings, Lyndon johnson,
Gore and Long. Eventually
they are bound to collide with
one another as the 1856 nomi-
mating convention nears. 1t
will still be far enough away
next January that they can
profitably cooperate.
Another voice eager to be
heard is that of Adlai Steven
son. He assures callers that
he will speak up on many is
sues as they arise but has not
yet found how to do it with
cut appearing to be a carping
critic. No such doubts assail
President Eisenhower's prede-
cessor. Mr.. Truman thinks
things are going just about
as he predicted and he doesn't
mind saying So.
Evening star., 1953-10-26
Ihon7os Z. Stokes-
Will the President Take Reins?
This Years Congress- Meeting in an Election Year. Held
Likely to Pose Challenge to White House Leadership

element has given evidence Of
desiring to take over and DOM
mate the Government from
the Capitol.
What has brought this
whole subject to the fore now,
many weeks ahead of the
convening of Congress. is the
anxiety among the wing of
the party most loyal to the
President, largely Eastern and
Far Western, over the rising
= farm rebellion which. itself.
is centered in the Midwest. It
it is represented in Congress
by those who are inclined to
challenge the Eisenhower
leadership.
Seldom has there been SO
vigorous an assault upon a
cabinet officer so early in an
administration as that now
concentrated upon Secretary
of Agriculture Benson. Nor,
in fact, rarely have there
been so insistent demands
from the party in power,
across so wide a front, pri-
vately and publicly, upon its
President to cashier one of
his selected corps of advisers
and policy-makers.
Such rebellion is contagi-
Gus. The more it spreads, the
more it strengthens the group
which has showed itself least
responsive to the President.
Here, too, is found the hard
core of critics of the Presi-
dents aims in other fields -
foreign trade and tariff. ma
tional defense and foreign aid
appropriations, economy, taxes,
and SO on.
This faction draws added
strength from the fact that,
if the farmers whom they
represent are not satisfied,
then the administration may
lose Congress in next years
election. That would be .
Evening star., 1953-10-26
Eisenhower on the Defensive
Quick Counterofense Seen Best Strategy President
Is to Reoon Popularity and Prestige He Held

clean up "the Washington
mess" For it would seem in
credible that the American
electorate would be permitted
to forget the disservice done
the country by the corruption
and traitorous conduct re-
vealed to have occurred in the
last administration.
The American people didn't
vote Gen. Eisenhower into of
fee just because he was pop
ular or because the Republic
can Party was popular, but
because they were fed up with
the Democratic administra-
ton. It was a negative verdict
not unlike that of 1932-and
the consequence then was that
the negative tide against the
party which had been ousted
continued to rise in 1884 and
1886. It could bring a higher
Republican vote in 1854, but
not if the Republican admin
lstration continues to hide it's
light under a bushel and ig-
nores the political meaning OF
controversial problems. Nor
can the President continue to
think politics is just a minor
matter in modern government
from which he can remain
aloof while a group of anna
teurs among his subordinates
wrestle with public relations"
and he fails to come to grips
with sundry questions him.
self.
Gen. Eisenhower is perhaps
the most likable man who has
been in the White House since
Theodore Roosevelt captivated
the affections of the American
people. like" wants to be fair,
judicial, nOnparClSan ana moQ-
est as he seeks conscientiously
to make a good record which
he hopes some day the people
will know about. But he's been
losing valuable time as against
the groups that have been
sn1ping at him. Their attacks
should never have been ig-
nored. For the best strategy
in politics, as in the military
game. is to go from a defensive
to counteroffensive at the
earliest practicable moment.
The Eisenhower administra-
ton is on the defensive today.
Evening star., 1953-10-26
Thomas L. Stokes

Perhaps more important
than how far President Eisen-
hover will participate in next
years congressional elections,
at least for the immediate fu-
ture, is how much he will have
to say about what is done by
Congress in its prediction
session beginning in January.
In short, unless the admin
iStration has a record to SUBJ
NIT to the voters it may not
matter how much the Presi-
dent, himself, takes part in the
1854. congressional election
campaign. That record must
be made largely in Congress.
The record still is to be made
for the most part. For the
administration came out of
the 83d Congress first session
with a rather skimpy perform
ance.
If a substantial record is
made, then the President must
exercise considerably more
leadership than in the last
session-at least that is the
general opinion here. For the
major splits and controversies
over the issues with which the
President will ask the next
session to deal are within his
own party-national defense,
foreign aid. foreign trade and
tariff, farm legislation. social
security expansion, taxes. bud
get balancing, among others.
1t will require both f1rmness
and fineSse to pull his party
together for a satisfactory So
luton of those and other
issues. The task of leader
snip is complicated by the
fact that the coming session
will be an election-year Ses-
sion. It is usual in such seSs-
ions for every member up for
re-election-and that means
the whole House and a third
of the Senate-to think of
Evening star., 1953-10-26
Dorothy Thompson
Dorothy Thompson
For Freedom From Pressure
Approach Of u. S. Team to Pro-Red American POWs
Seen Calling for Dignity Not Reconverson Plea

In a precious column re-
ported the nihilistic attitude
produced in an intelligent
young East Berliner by the
unremitting prop1gandG-"the
science of persuasion" - i'm
pingirg upon her mind from
both sides of the Iron Curtain.
/ recalled our conversation
apropos the Korean prisoners
OF 1OGr.
The American command
originally held out for the right
of prisoners to exercise free
choice-whether to be repa-
triated or not. The existing
conventions of war provided
little ground to stand on. AS
suming that war prisoners nor
mally want to go home, they
were drawn to protect their
right to do so after hostilities
had ceased.
Among the Korean prisoners
the issue was not whether they
should return to their "home-
land" The homeland of all
was Korea. The issue was
whether they should be sent,
against their will, to live under
Communist rule in one Korea
or under another rule in the
other. The same held for the
Chinese. The American COM
mand said they should be free
to choose. The Communists
opposed AS a compromise to
get an armistice, the Ameri-
cans finally agreed that for
three months agents of each
side, under the supervision of
a neutral" commission, could
visit the camps and explain"
to the prisoners why they
should go back where they
came from.
Meanwhile the prisoners in
the camps had divided into
pro and anti-Communist fac
tions. Each faction attempted
to persuade the other, by many
means, including intimidation
and terror. The doctrinal war;
fare often f1ared into murder