davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

be proud to have such a member
of their race.
Several times after that, Doug
las visited Minneapolis, and al
ways this wonder and respect was
shown. Said the Minneapolis Tri-
bune on his visit here in 1873:
"Ersdsrisk DoVsIob the disin-
gVishsd soIsSed orator, 10 70 deliver
his famous lecture on SsIf-Aaode-
Men. rhaf the lecture will be O frsai
Is forssoss sonsISsion."
Much interesting comment was
aroused over the first case Of en-
parchment OF Negroes on juries
in Minnesota.
A string of burglaries were taxi
ing place in the downtown dis
trict Of ST. Paul, and police for a
long time, made no Roadway to-
ward catching the culprit.
At last, they landed on a '1ogi-
cal suspect" a tall, stoop-shouder-
ed Negro, who appeared to have
been kept on his feet by a push
on his rear end each time he start
ed to sit down.
Is JURORS NEGRos
This man, Willis A. Harris, was
brought to trail for burglary on
a Friday in 1869. Five Of the IL
jurors who sat on the case were
Negroes.
First of these to be sworn in
was r. ]. Stockton. NJ. Jernegan,
Henry Maffit. Thomas A. jackson
and Robert Hickman were sworn
in later.
In their unfamiliar surroundings
these jurors kept their eyes al.
ternately on the Judge and on the
prisoner, who really seemed re-
lieved that he was allowed to sit
down at last.
The five Negro Jurors voted foI
so1VisfioB Of HoTrisi the seven white
Jurors for oeqViffuI. A verdict oi
"So' guilty" finally was returned
After this, Negroes often ser.
we'd as jurors. Protesting against
this in a subtle" way was the st
Paul Daily Pioneer, which said:
The fact that colored gentle,
men are admitted to the jury bos
and that they are paid for theil
services, while tarrying in that 10
cality, has walked up the "Ameri
can citizens of African descent
in this locality. Yesterday. group,
Of them were lounging around the
sunny side Of the court house
laughing, joking, perforating the
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

ground with the after part OF
their feet, and impatiently waiting
for dat kort to sing out for desc
yer niggers ter KUN up an deel
out justis'."
OTHERS GET HELP
Once things began to happen
in Minnesota for the Negro, they
happened fast. The Negro was by
no means content to be pushed
back to the position he had held
in the South.
He was hasty to establish or
CARNATIONS to aid his black broth
ers who were not so fortunate
as he. Two such organizations
were the Minnesota Afro-Ameri-
can League and the American
Law Enforcement League in Min
nesota. The motto of these or
CARNATIONS was the "Betterment
of the conditions OF Afro-Ameri-
cans; the opening Of new avenues
of gaining a livelihood and the
m terial assistance of Afro
Americans in the South"
These organizations. established in
1872, were shoTf lived, und In 1898,
another such group sProns Up, this
time launched Ss q Twin cfiss en-
dsaVor, with somewhat the some
motto.
Earlier than this, however. in
1867, Negroes held a state con-
vention to safeguard his political
rights and civil liberties, and to
secure his suffrage, John NJ Lang
ston, Negro abolitionist, was the
central figure of this convention.
Some local participants were
Ralph Grey; ]. X. Hilyard who
later became active in politics.
and who worked for the Northern
Pacific railroad; ]. Q. Adams.
who later became the publisher of
the st. Paul APPEAL. first Ne
gro newspaper in Minnesota: and
Israel Crosby, who is said to have
established fellowship at the
| Continued on Page BIB
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27
EorIy Baptism
Service Subject
Of Press Comment

The idea of general tolerance to-
ward the Negro and the humorous
light thrown on many of his activ-
tiles was displayed on many occa-
siOns.
Most ridiculous of all, however,
were articles appearing in the
MINNEAPOLIS TRIBUNE and
the ST. ANTHONY DEMOCRAT.
The TRIBUNE reported that
five colored female converts of
Rev. Hedgeman's colored church,
st. Anthony, were immersed in
the pond below the mills opposite
the paper mill in st. Anthony.
Those whites who were present
making light OF the proceedings
should have been arrested and
dealt with according to law ;"
The DEMOCRAT took a more
derisive view of the proceedings.
II reported that five large
healthy colored sisters were bap-
tized in the Mississippi Sunday
last several good jokes are
travelling about town at the ex-
pense Of the ceremony. One heavy
lady was so unfortunate as to be
baptized too much, in consequence
Of falling from the pastors grasp.
1t is in bad taste to make light of
any ceremony, however imperfect
ly performed. which is stu sacred
to others; still we apprehend that
nothing evil is intended by those
who make light of this otherwise
dark affair. :"
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

INTERNATIONAL LAUNDRY NA
DRY cling. & MISC. WORKERS w
Local 183 O
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

come here seeking employment.
they were BIskIsy oVTaH'. Themes
a. Jackson, Rober BrVse, Joseph
Eorr and J. x. HyIoRd. Most % these
mon svsssUslly owned their own
bsrbsrsbOps or worked ss Po1sTs
ssd stewards.
In 1885 Julius Todd was
brought to Minnesota by the 9th
regiment Of Minnesota, and was
mustered out with a number Of
soldiers.
Almost from the beginning, Me-
groes, because they were kept very
much TO themselves, formed their
own organizations, their own
churches, and eventually began to
settle in one section Of the city.
This, in a way, kept them separ-
ate from their new neighbors. who
treated them kindly, some with
understanding, some with curio-
sity and some with indifference.
CHURCH FORMED
Their first church was the PHI
grim Baptist. founded in 1888 by
Hickman, of the original group on
the War Eagle.
The church grew rapidly and
was the center OF much activity
among Negroes. There they had
pageants. plays, concerts, their
clubs and other meetings. In this
way Pilgrim Baptist served as a
combination church and commun-
ity center.
Here. again. the daily press re-
ported on the activity Of these
people. Again, they were either
playfully ridiculing. compliment
ing or making a hearty plea for
the aid of the black brother,
IN March 1889, Frederick DoVsIas
Negro orsioS, avthoh PoIi'ision,
spoks IN MiRssspoiis before ihs
AshsasVm Assoslssioa ss Pence opsr-
70 Mouse. n % sold thas ~ fhut
meeting. there were more whites
then Negroes.
The whites were curious about
this Negro who could command
such an audience and be so highly
respected for his political and So
cial views. They followed his every
work, and almost crowded the Me-
groes out to get look at him.
And, indeed, he must have de-
served much attention. A long re-
port appeared in the newspapers
the next day about his visit and
splendid speech. They marveled at
Douglas and said Negroes should
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

ground with the after part of
their feet. and impatiently waiting
for dat kort to sing out for desc
yer niggers ter kun up an deel
ottf i,,stis'U
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27
s Page 2B st. Paul RECORDER Friday February a. 1876

colored men Of this country are
entirely forgotten until an election
time comes :"
In 1899, Mrs. Frances Preston,
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

Continued from Page S-A)
st. Paul Daily Pioneer stated,
Now that we have 1t, we must
make the best of IT, We advise
Negroes 10 read democratic news
papers, to hear democratic speak
ers. to post themselves in their
minds as they are qualified by
law for the duties Of the voter"
In another article. on writing of
the planned celebration at Inger-
soil han on New Year Of 1870, in
honor Of the adoption Of the
amendment, at which a number
Of white guests and Negroes were
invited. this paper stated:
'sHYSTERS' SCORED
This wise arrangement is to
keep out the masses OF Donnelly
and Ramsei (Republicans) shy
sters, who are particularly sweet
at this time on our new voters"
Both parties continued TO fight
for these voters. Most Negroes
before 1900 became Republicans.
In the 1905 Negro newspapers
ridiculed a Negro who was
Democrat, charging him Of de-
sorting "the cause and his saw
tours"
A number Of the white citizens,
in 1858, attempted 10 revive senti-
ment for the BLACK Law" They
circulated a petition about the
streets, in an effort to get the
legislature TO pass an act submit
ting to the people an amendment
to the constitution Of the state
prohibiting the immigration of
Negroes to the state.
BSs, wish the inGlSx Of Negroes
growing. aad whisos sensing sks
power tire Negro might somsdoy
WELD. supporters Of fhh idsa found
they were simoSs aIone. Thsy ssvsT
tried n sgoin.
Not all Negroes came TO Min
nesota Of their own accord. Min
nesota merchants were interested
in securing Negroes TO work in
their packing plants and fields. In
May, 1853, boat owners went to
ST. Louis and brought back Ne
groes, some TO be used as deck
hands on their RATS, and others
for various kinds of work. /,
In this group were 40 men, 10
women and 20 children. who were
embarked at the Galena and La
Crosse packing company. The
police In the cities were much
alarmed at their coming, but they
were allowed TO stay.
WOMEN STAY
There was some discussion as to
what to do with the women and
pickaninys. who could not render
material assistance in driving
mule teams" But they. too. were
allowed to stay.
Later, 21s more "contrabands
Of war" as they were called, were
brought up, 100 Of whom were
women and children. BY the end
Of 1853, between three and four
hundred Negroes had arrived in
this manner.
In May, Of 1880, Major Har-
row made arrangements to import
80 colored servants from the South
to be employed in his hotel at
Lake Minnetonka, They were con-
sidered some of the best and most
courteous servants who had work.
ed In the hotel.
In lssS, smaH group 81 Negroes
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

a noted Negro elocutionist from
Detroit, made several appearances
in Minneapolis in behalf of Ne
groes.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

ested in Booker T. Washington's
first call for a National Negro
Business League, in July, 1900.
J. q. Adams, editor of the West
ern Appeal, said, in 1888, The
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

In 1908, the Afro American
council in Minneapolis began a
move TO secure employment for
colored persons.
Evening star., 1953-06-19
michigan Dean Is Nominated
u. S. Education Commissioned
Eisenhower Names
Thurston, Picks Cain,
Promotes AdmiruIs
BY the Assoeiosed Press

President Eisenhower has nom-
mated Lee M. Thurston, Mich
igan educator, to be United States
Commissioner of Education.
Mr.. Thurston would succeed
Earl j. McGrath, who recently
resigned in protest against the
Administrators proposed cut in
funds for the Office Of Education
Gen. Eisenhower also sent to
the Senate the nomination Of
former senator Harry P. Cain,
Washington State Republican.
for reappointment to the Sub
versive Activities Control Board
for term of three years.
Mr.. Thurston recently was
designated dean Of the School
of Education at Michigan State
College at East Lansing. his
home. At present he Is Superin-
tendent of Public Instruction for
Michigan.
Gen. Eisenhower also nomi-
mated Vice Admiral Felix B,
Stump for the rank Of admiral
while serving as commander-in-
chief Of the Pacific Fleet, and
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Baton Rouge Buses
To Run After Strike
BY The Assoeiosed Press


BATON ROUGE. La. June 10.
A spokesman for bus drivers.
who paralyzed city transporta-
ton in q four-day strike against
Negroes having front seats, said
the men would return to work
today.
Robert williams, attorney
representing the 95 drivers of an
independent union on strike,
made the announcement.
The strike was called of
after an opinion by the state at
torney generals Office that a
new city ordinance was in con-
fiict with state segregation laws
requiring separate seats for
white and Negro passengers.
Earlier Mr.. Williams had said
drivers had offered to resume
work If the city council would
give assurance it would change
a new ordinance that allows Ne
groes to hold their front seats
The drivers had demanded a re-
turn to the former custom of
reserving seats in front for the
whites and other seats in the
rear for Negroes.
The council members said they
would not consider any changes
until buses were running, and
they only in a public hearing.
The bus company said the strike
wasn't its fault.
Some 10000 bus riders have
been without any citywide pub
lie transportation in this capital
city Of 10000.
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Lost of Trenton Six
To Get Purole Hearing
BY the Assoeiofed Press

TRENTON, N. j., June 10
The New Jersey Parole Board
yesterday announced Ralp h
cooper-the only defendant in
the Trenton six murder case still
in prison-was eligible for parole.
The boards announcement in
dicated it would follow its usual
procedure and hear Cooper some
time next month.
Cooper, one of six Negroes
charged with Staying elderly
shopkeeper William Horner In
1948, was sentenced to six to 10
years in State prison four months
ago, but the court ordered that
the sentence run from February
7, 1948, the date he was first ar
rested.
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Realistic Overture
To Have Gunfire
For B0ckqround
By the Assoeiotsd Press

BURBANK, Calf, June 10
The Burbank Symphony Associa-
tion's summer season will open
July IL with a bang-60 seconds
Of rifle and tank-cannon FIRE
directed by walkie-talkie.
A one-minute artillery barrage
is called for in the score of the
symphony's opening number,
Tschaikowsky's 1912 Overture. 1"
The selection depicts the retreat
Of Napoleon from Moscow.
Sound effects will include six
shots from a 76-millimeter can
non Of q 30-ton medium tank
and rifle fire from q platoon
of 20 Burbank rifllemen.
The gunfire will be adjacent
to the orchestra, but facing away
from it. Walkie-talkies oper-
ated by 1t. Col. w. B. Hender.
son. adjutant general Of the 40th
Infantry Division. and his aides
will direct the firing.
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Nush-KeIvinutor
Pension Plan Revised
BY the Associated Press

DETROIT, June 19.-The CIO
United Auto Workers and Nash
Kelvinator Corp. have revised
their pension agreement to pro-
vide. payments to workers who
quit after 10 or more. years of
service.
The union announced that
under terms of the agreement
former employees will receive
prorated pension payments from
Nash-Kelvinator at the age of
IS plus whatever pensions may
be earned in subsequent employ
ment plus social security"
The new agreement gives
workers with 10 years service or
more the chance to change en-
ployment without incurring PEN
sion losses, the union said.
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Macht Faces Charge
OF Forgery When He
Quits Mental Hospital

A warrant charging forgery in
the fraudulent sale Of phony
second-trust notes awaits a
Washington real estate man as
soon as he is released from a
Maryland mental institution.
The warrant was issued yes
terday against Emanuel M.
Macht. 40. Of Quebec House. His
attorney. Sylvan Schwartz. said
he had informed United States
Attorney Leo A. Rover where
Macht could be located.
Mr.. Schwartz said Macht en-
tered the mental hospital about
four days ago and was in a state
Of complete nervous upset. 1"
Mr.. Rover checked with the hos
pital and arranged to send the
warrant to the United States at
torney in Baltimore with the
recommendation for a $4,000
bond.
Only Scratched Surface.
Mr.. Rover said his Office had
"only scratched the surface" Of
Macht's activities in selling nom
existent second trust notes. The
prosecutors Office has estimated
that as much as $25O,O00 may
, have been involved in the real
estate swindle.
The warrant accuses Macht in
one case. It charges that Macht
forged a second-trust note and
sold it for $4,000 to Archie
D. Sartwell, 1000 Twentieth
street NE.
One Complaint Filed.
William r. Downing, secretary
Of the District Real Estate Com
mission, said the only complaint
filed so far with his commission
was made by Mr.. Startwell. Mr..
Downing said Mr.. Sartwell COM
planned he bought 20 deeds Of
trust from Macht at a cost of
$4,000 Some or all of these
deeds may be fraudulent. Mr..
Downing added.
Macht was most recently en-
ployed as a real estate salesman
by the firm of Legum & Gerber.
The firm issued a statement
saving the notes which may be
Evening star., 1953-06-19
|AII 6Iobemasters I.
On Japdn-kore Run
Grounded After Crash
BY The Assoeiosed Press

TOKYO. June l9.-All giant
CHA Globemasters flying the.
airlift between Japan and Ko-
rea were grounded today pend
ing an investigation Of history,s
greatest air disaster which
killed 129 American servicemen
yesterday.
Air Force crews still worked
at the task Of identifying the
bodies of 122 airmen and Army
engineers and seven plane creV-
men who perished in the crash
Of q Globemaster near here yes
terday. There were no sur
vivOrS.
Most Of the victims were head
ed bac6 to battle stations in Ko-
rea after brief rest leaves.
Names Withheld.
Names Of the dead were with
held. AS q result. news agencies
and newspapers here were
swamped with calls from franz
tic relatives Of men who had
written home that they were
headed for leave in Japan. But
no names were released.
Presumably none Of the VIC
Tins were men whose leaves had
been cut short because Of the
emergency created by South Ko-
rea's release Of thousands of
anti Communist prisoners in
Korea.
After the air tragedy, the.
blanket order for men to report
back to their units in Korea was
modified. Most of them were to
report for transportation to
Korea tonight. They will make
the fight in C-54 transport
planes which regularly fly the
over-water route to Korea.
Had Engine Trouble.
The Globemaster crashed about
three minutes after taking off
In murky weather from Tachi-
kawa Air Base. Is miles west of
Tokyo. It was limping back to
the field after developing engine
trouble. An eyewitness said two
of the planes engines were dead
as it skinned over the trees and
somersaulted into a muddy field.
Air Force investigators were
flying to Japan from the United
States to try to discover the
cause.
Gen. Hoyt s. Vandenberg, Air
Force Chief Of STAFF, said the
team was led by Maj. Gen. Victor
E. Bertrandias, deputy inspector
general Of the Air Force and in
cluded two representatives of
the Douglas Aircraft Corp.
Evening star., 1953-06-19

fraudulent were sold independ-
emily and had no connection
with Legum & Gerber. A COM
pany spokesman said the firm
had first uncovered the facts
about the case in the course of
a routine check and had notified
the United States Attorneys
Office, police and the Real
Estate Commission.
Mr.. Schwartz said Macht
comes from an old, well-known
Baltimore family.
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Conductors Union Calls Strike in 7 Cities June 29

president Of the ORC, said the
issue involved reinstatement of
two discharged conductors. The
National Railroad Adjustment
Board, he said. has ordered Pull
man to reinstate one of the
men with pay for time lost.
Fred j. Boeckelman, manager
of employe relations for Pull
man, said the company has Of
fered to reinstate the discharged
workers on a "leniency basis
but not as precedents.
Evening star., 1953-06-19

Rear Admiral Thomas s. Combs
for the grade of vice admiral
while serving as a fleet COM
mander.
Rear Admiral Apollo Soucek
was nominated to be chief of
the Bureau of Aeronautics in the
Navy Department for q term
of four years.
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Ruin Wrecks Roof

OCEAN CITY, N. J. R.-1t
rained so hard the roof fell in.
The roof on a warehouse col
lapsed after an early morning
downpour. Police said tons of
water trapped on the fiat roof
caused the cave-in. Clogged
caves prevented runoh.
Evening star., 1953-06-19
BY shs Asseeiassd Press

CHICAGO, June 19.-The Or
der Of Railway Conductors has
told 1000 Pullman system Sleep
ing and parlor car conductors to
strike at -Chicago's North West
ern and Los Angeles Union Sta
ton on June 20.
The independent union said
the work stoppage could spread
to other roads If the dispute is
not settled.
A. Guy Wise, executive vice
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Eel Catcher Retires

After catching 100000 eels
from the Little Ouse River in 81
years, Bob Wolkin, 70, of Bran.
don, England, is retiring and ad-
vertising for willing pupils:
must be fond Of eels."
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Length of Suez Conol

CAIRO.-Total length Of the
Suez Canal is about 98 miles.
Small lakes in a broken series
make up about 81 miles Of the
total distance.
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Dutch Take Films in U. S.

TUCSON, Ariz., R.-A Dutch
motion picture crew has been on
location at a nearby flying school
making pictures of Dutch Royal
Air Force cadets in training
there.
Evening star., 1953-06-19
Islands Form County

EDINBURGH.-The Shetland
Islands constitute q county Of
Scotland and are about 100 in
number. OF these only about
80 are permanently inhabited.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1953-09-10
CPL. CLYDE E. MILLER, JR.
NOW SERVING IN SEOUL

Cpl. Clyde E. Miller, Jr., whose
parents live at 81 w. Salisbury ST.,
Williamsport, is serving in Seoul,
Korea with the 558th Military Po-
lice Company, which recently won
its second meritorious unit common
dation
Corporal Miller, a military police
man with the 558th, entered the
Army in June 1851. He arrived in
Korea last September from Indian
town Gap, Pa, where he completed
basic training, and served with the
I'd Infantry Divisions 38th Regiment
before his transfer to the 558th.
Among his decorations are: the
Purple Heart for wounds received
in action; Combat Infantryman
Badge; Parachutist Badge; and the
UN and Korean Service Ribbons. Be
fore entering the Army, Miller grad
uated from Williamsport High
School.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1953-09-10
Six From Here We're Junior College To
Indicted Last Week Open September IA

Hagerstown Junior College will
begin its eighth year of operation on
Monday, September IA.
The institution offers more than
so courses in agriculture, anatomy,
art, biology, business (including sec
retarial studies), chemistry, econom-
les, engineering, English, French,
German, Spanish, history and gov
eminent, mathematics, physical edu-
cation and health, religion, physics
psychology, and sociology.
During the years of the Colleges
growth, courses offered have been
expanded to serve the needs of three
principal groups. These are:
|, Courses for those who need one
or two years to prepare for citizen
ship community life, and the voca-
ton they plan to enter. Courses in
accounting, business, secretarial
studies, and general, technical and
educational courses preparing tech
nicians for engineering and indus
trial employment, are typical of the
opportunities.
2. Courses for those who plan to
continue working toward the bach
elor's degree after completing the
two-year basic college courses. More
than 100 students have been grad
uated In this program and have sue
cessfully transferred to more than 40
colleges and universities to pursue
Junior and senior years.
3. Courses for adults who desire
additional education to meet voca-
tional and leisure needs and inter
ests. More than 1000 have received
valuable training in varied courses
for this purpose. Registration for
these adult courses will be held from
September ID to 18 from 7 to 9 D. m.
Hagerstown Junior College is ac-
credited by the Maryland State De-
partment of Education, and approved
by the Veterans Administration for
education of veterans. In addition.
the school is member of the Amer
lean Association of Junior Colleges.
Fees are kept at minimum. Most
of the classes have been scheduled
from $3.50 to 1890 p. m. It is be-
lieved that these evening hours will
enable larger number of persons to
take advantage of the courses.