davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-11-02
Curfew SET in Lucknow
As Many Die in Riots
By the Assoeioied Press

NEW DELHI, India, Nov. O.
A tight curfew was clamped on
the city of Lucknow today after
two days of wild student riot
ing, in which two policemen and
an undetermined number of ci-
villains were killed.
About 200 persons were re-
ported injured, half of them Sc
verely.
The government radio said
last night the order for people
to stay off the streets went out
Evening star., 1953-11-02
Governors Feel Farm Policy
Has Hurt Administration
Western Leaders
Generally Back
Program, However
BY the Associated Press

ALBUQUERQUE, N. Mex.
Nov. 2.-Western Governors
generally say they back the ad-
ministration's farm policy, but
concede it may lead to political
storms ahead.
Certainly it will hurt polit-
ically," said Utah's j. Bracken
Lee, "but I'd rather lose being
right than win being wrong"
The chief executives-Repub-
licans all-spoke up informally
on the growing controversy over
farm prices and Secretary of
Agriculture Benson as they
opened a two-day session. On
the program, they're scheduled
to talk about mining, highway
financing, higher education and
water and listen to a major ad-
dress by Secretary of Interior
Mckay.
Gov. Lee led a group of Gov
ernors recommending that Presi-
dent Eisenhower and Mr.. Ben
son stand pat on their efforts to
find a solution to the farm
crisis.
Party Declared Weakened.
What hurts most" said Gov.
Lee, "is weakening within the
Republican Party itself over this
issue. Certainly there is a party
rift. But we stand to lose more
by giving in to a loud minority
than by standing firm on our
principles"
Gov. Arthur B. Langlie of
Washington said the attack on
Secretary Benson "is a lot of
Democratic wishful thinking"
''It takes time to go from
wrong to right" he said. What
do they expect of man in such
a short time. He's trying to find
not the answer, but a step that
will lead to- stabilizing the situa-
ton without upsetting the entire
economic picture"
The conference chairman, Gov.
Howard Pyle of Arizona, con-
ceded the cotton allotment pro-
gram will hurt in his State, but
says he has found no reason
to believe the controversy will
leave a deep political scar. He
backed Gov. Lee in asserting the
G. o. P. would lose, rather than
gain, if it accedes to demand to
put supports on livestock.
Suggesting the Western Gov
ernors are not united on the
issue, Gov. Goodwin j. Knight
of California noted his State is
mot insensitive" to farm-policy
criticism in the Middle West.
And, he added, Wisconsin was
not an incident-it was a de-
feat and something the party
has to face"
New Mexico's Gov. Edwin
Mechem says how much the
farm controversy hurts the party
in elections depends on what
happens next. Secretary Ben
son could turn out to be the hero
Of the entire situation"
Wyoming's Gov. c. j. Rogers
sounded perhaps the only dissi-
dent note among those who
talked informally with reporters
on the subject.
Effect on Recess Seen.
There's going to be some eff
feet on House and Senate races"
he said. "but I doubt Well feel it
in our State on the State ticket.
Benson is being blamed for a
lot of things over which he has
no control. Everything else is out
of kilter and it may be we need
supports on livestock"
Gov. Langlie described the Wis
conSin party defeat as "the best
thing that could have happened.
Now the party leaders know we
have issues to face-and that we
must face them firmly despite
the cries of those few who have
no business in the farm and
ranch industry in the first place."
Evening star., 1953-08-20
Separation Of Powers Doctrine
Can the Executive Branch Create q National FEPC
When Congress Has Repeatedly Refused to Do SOP
David Lawrence

Can the executive branch
of the Government circumvent
the will Of Congress and, by
means of a national commits
sion or committee on employ
ment practices. introduce a
system that discriminates at
will in the award of Govern
ment contracts as between pri-
vate companies irrespective of
which one is the lower bidder?
This is the issue which soon
will be presented to the coun-
try if first reports concerning
the purposes of the committee
of Is members appointed by
President Eisenhower prove to
be correct. For it is stated that
the President has given his
full, personal and moral sup
port" to a program whereby
the new committee is to see to
it that no Government con-
tracts shall be awarded to pri-
vate companies which do not
agree to make their employ
ment practices conform to
those set forth by the new COM
mittee.
1t will be recalled that Con-
gress has for years wrestled
with the proposal to create a
National Fair Employment
Practices Commission, but a
powerful minority has again
and again f1libustered against
the passage of the measure. In
the presidential campaign of
1852, Gen. Eisenhower ex-
pressed himself as not in favor
of a compulsory" FEPC and
extolled the virtues of a "vol-
untary" plan.
The new committee, how
ever, starts out as if it were
going to use the Governments
contracting power on a COM
pulsory basis. Vice President
Nixon. who is to be chairman
of the committee, has been
quoted as saying that "Since
the Government spends an
nually on Government con-
tracts $40 billion, or one-fourth
Evening star., 1953-08-20
Doris FIeeson-
A Calculated Political Risk
The Possibility Of Bockfire Detected in New Power Policy
Industry Moy Have to Buy Electricity From Middle Mon

The Eisenhower admins
tration is taking a calculated
political risk in it's newly an
nounced power policy. Since
there is a possibility of a
political backfire, Secretary of
the Interior Mckay was care
ful to spread the risk by
getting the approval of both
the President and the full
cabinet.
While the Mckay policy
statement will rule Interiors
power operations in both the
Southeast and Southwest, it
is the West. particularly Cali
fornia. Oregon and Washing
ton. which will be most deeply
affected.
Water and power are the
twin keys to western develop
ment. Both of them are
fighting words in a part of
the Nation which relies on
irrigation for most of it's agri-
= cultural production and. hav-
ing limited natural supplies of
fuel, needs power for industry.
How WeSterners react to the
new policy as it is implemented
by action, may very largely
determine the fate of many
Republican members of Con-
greSs from that area In next
years elections. The West is
an area uniformly won by
Eisenhower last year.
Evening star., 1953-08-20

ing to obtain power from the
great Central Valley project
in California and from the
Bonneville Power administra-
ton in the Northwest, appar-
entity now have the break for
which they have been waiting.
1t is possible as well that some
of the industrial users of enor-
nous blocks of public power.
such as the aluminium industry
of the Northwest which in
cludes all the largest pro-
ducers, Alcoa. Reynolds and
Kaiser, will find that at the
expiration of present contracts
they will be required to pur-
chase power through a middle
man in the form of a private
power company. Thus, in
Spired as it was by a business
mans philosophy of govern
ment. not all business will take
kindly to the new policy of
getting the Government out
of the power business.
The Mckay power policy
derives from another overall
policy Of the Eisenhower ad-
ministration, to reduce the
size and cost of government
by reducing it's functions. AS
the administration gets more
and more accustomed to it's
job, the country will see more
and more implementation Of
this aim.
Evening star., 1953-08-20

The Cold Wars Shifting Lines
Future U. S. Efforts Against GIoboI Communism Sc
Being Concentrated on Asia, Rather Than Europe

IL German divisions. Allied
officers at SHAPE are unan-
imously agreed that without
that force the entire defense
system is likely to collapse.
Now that Italy'S Premier
Alcide de Gasperi is out of
politics for a long time and
France is in the throes Of an
internal crisis, the results of
which nobody dares forecast,
the last remaining. hopes of
Wishful thinking Americans
that the EDO would become
an accomplished fact have
vanished.
The task of the Joint Chiefs
to re-evaluate realistically our
global strategy is neither
simple nor easy.
That the Pacific area, where
we may be faced with a Red
aggression almost any day,
must be greatly strengthened
is indisputable. 1t is probable
that new ground, naval and
air forces may be earmarked
for that area to meet any
emergency. But in the mean
time it is necessary to
strengthen the forces of Asiatic
nations which want to resist,
arms in hand, the Red at
tempt to dominate them.
The South Korean republic,
which already has Is active
combat divisions and is capable
of increasing that number, will
have top priority. Japan has
organized q well-armed and
disciplined police force of up
wards of $4,000 men. She will
be given facilities to increase
that number substantially and
also to manufacture in her own
factories the necessary modern
equipment.
The heretofore neglected
100000 Chinese Nationalists,
who so far have been given
only defensive equipment, are
expected eventually to be
placed on a modern combat
status. Until this happens,
Chang has agreed to refrain
from any major operations
against the Chinese mainland
and conf1ne himself only to
minor raids.
In Europe, the accent of
military help will be placed on
those nations which are not
lending their ears to the sweet
music of the Kremlin and are
determined to oppose the Red
plans to divide and conquer.
Evening star., 1953-08-20

The statement does not say
so directly, but it strongly i'm
plies a slowing down of the
program for reclamation of
arid lands. It declares that "It
is recognized that the primary
responsibility for supplying
power needs Of an area rests
with people locally" Yet it is
true that there remains not a
single site in the West for a
reclamation project which
would be economically feasible
without a considerable part of
the cost being charged to
power production.
The Mckay statement in
cludes brave words that "the
department will particularly
emphasize those multi-purpose
projects with hydroelectric de-
velopments which, because of
size and complexity, are be-
yond the means of local, public
or private enterprise" How
ever. in Secretary McKay's first
major action in the power field,
he to all practical purposes
ended all hope of construction
Of the proposed Hungry Horse
dam in Idaho. a huge multi
purpose project obviously be-
yond the means of local, public
or private enterprise.
Private power companies
which have been eagerly seek
Evening star., 1953-08-20

But it is doubtful whether,
under the Constitution, the
executive branch can by indi-
rection enact legislation which
the Congress itself has refused
to enact.
If the President had ap-
pointed a committee to expose
and emphasize bias in hiring,
the publicity achieved would
have been a legitimate aim
from an educational stand
point. Social pressureS result
usually from a full disclosure
of the facts of injustice. But
for the executive branch of
the Government to decide that.
for political or social or any
other reasons, it will not award
contracts to a low bidder but
only to bidder who has salts
fed the requirements of a
sociological nature, will mean
more rather than less cleav-
ages in the Nation hereafter.
It was under the New Deal
that the concept was born
which held that in Govern
ment the end always justifies
the means and hence that, if
Congress didn't see fit to pass
a law. it was proper for the
executive branch to enact that
law by means of executive or
der or regulation. The Fair
Deal under President Truman
went so far as to seize the
steel industry by asserting "in-
herent" powers, but the Su-
preme Court rejected that
doctrine.
Maybe the new committee
doesn't intend to go as far as
first reports indicate but will
be wholly educational. If it
does assume sweeping author
ity over contract-letting, the
next Congress most certainly
will begin to put riders on
appropriation bills which will
prevent any such Legislation"
by the executive branch from
becoming effective.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1953-08-20

of all the money spent on pro-
duction in the United States.
we can deal with Is per cent
of the problem because we
control the purse strings.
where public funds are in
volved, all segments of the
population should enjoy the
benefits"
This concept, if taken liter
ally, could mean that the Fed
eral Government has the right,
because it purchases goods
from private companies, to
regulate the employment prac-
tices of those companies. While
such a power might in some
cases have a worthy objective
in seeking to eliminate racial
or religious bias, it could also
be construed as a right to
regulate an induStry's entire
employment practices so as to
make them acceptable to the
Federal Government. 1t could
mean that, if an executive de-
partment so willed it, the right
to strike could be prohibited
on any job or contract which
the Federal Government
awarded. 1t could mean that
employers would be required
to hire proportionate numbers
from each of the different re-
ligionS and sects so that "all
segments of the population
should enjoy the benefits"
There is no limit to the
abuse of power once the prin-
ciple is granted that the purse
strings control everything and
that the executive branch may
virtually assert Legislative
power over one-fourth of the
Nations production.
Supreme Court decisions in
the past have generally up
held the right of the Federal
Government to do business
with whom it pleases and to
set forth specifications for the
products to be bought and
other conditions germane to
the production of the goods.
Evening star., 1953-08-20

great Hells Canyon project,
inherited from his predecessor,
in favor of three uncertain
projects proposed by the Idaho
Power Co. The Idaho Co. is
local in name only. The folks
who get together to plan its
operations are mostly local to
New York and New England.
The home Office is in Augusta,
Me. And much the same
thing can be said Of the owner
ship and control Of other big
power corporations, who will
be the real benef1ciarieS Of the
new power policy.
Words can be made to work
wonders. In the New York
Times Of July 13 there appears
a little item recounting an
achievement by a national ad-
vertiSing concern. "One Of the
biggest shifts in public opinion
in the United States is credited
to the advertising program
carried out by" the advertising
concern in question, says the
item, "for the privately owned
electrical companies" Further,
THE campaign, one Of the
longest and most consistent
ever executed for an associa-
ton, has used every medium
from newspapers through
magazines, radio and films in
its effort to show that private
companies produced q better
bargain in electricity than
Government"
That may be q fair descrip-
ton Of the advertising cam
paign, but the impression left
on this one reader, exposed to
a great deal of it. was that the
private companies were more
concerned with saving the
country from socialism" than
with better bargains in elec-
tricity. That is what they
appear to have sold President
Else hover and Herbert
Hoover, president emeritus in
Evening star., 1953-08-20

this administration. These two
have been led in some fashion
to worry about creeping"
socialism even in our highly
successful iva.
Earlier this summer, SEN
ator Kefauver of Tennessee
read to the Senate the advice
given to a group of private
utilities by a propaganda or
ganization. This told the
companies, in so many words,
to pitch their campaign on
socialism"
Be that as it may, the word
now appears to be local" And
it doesn't mean a darn thing,
so far as the interests of local
communities are concerned.
Evening star., 1953-08-20
Constantine Brown

The new Joint Chiefs of
Staff are reported to be re-
examining our overall world
strategy in the light of inter-
national developments.
Until recently, the accent of
our strategic endeavorS was on
Europe. In an article in a
national magazine, Gen. Omar
Bradley, the former chairman
of the Joint Chiefs, explains
for the first time the reasons
for the opposition of the then
Chiefs of Staff to the de-
mandS of their deeply re-
spected brother-in-arms," Gen.
Douglas Macarthur, for dras-
tic action against the Chinese
Communists. Gen. Bradley
agrees that any of the men,
berS of the Joint Chiefs, had
he been in command in the
Far East, would have wished
TO adopt a similar course. But,
he went on to explain, "our
overriding concern must be
the safety of the United States
no less, and at that par
ticular time we did not have
the necessary armed might to
risk such a course of action,
as well as the safety of Eu-
rope"
The picture has changed
radically since late 1850 and
early 1851. The possibility of
a Soviet aggression against
Western Europe has greatly
diminished. In the mean
time, the preparations of the
Soviet and Red Chinese for
q showdown with America in
the Far East have increased.
The Communists are endeavor-
ing to widen the breach be-
tween us and our major west
ern allies, Great Britain and
France, to wage first a diplo-
matte and later a military war
against this country in senSi-
tive Pacific areas.
The efforts of the Kremlin
to create a rift between this
country and her European al
lies antedate Stalin's death.
There are good reasons to be-
lieve that one of the many
reasons why Lavrenti Beria is
being purged was his stand
that Europe must be liquidated
before the main job-the war
against America - can be
brought to a successful con-
clusion. According to some
specialists on Soviet affairs,
Beria was convinced that Eu-
Evening star., 1953-08-20
Fletcher Knebei-
Potomac Fever

Ada Stevenson flies home to the
start the fall nowhe Monday
quarterback has returned
Trans Gusts Mosadegh prepares bring
back the Shah Confucs the
who sends his tanks in advance
Trans Ambassador the United royal
ist forces that ovehrew Ambassador
sure he's solid ground-he just had jerked
from under him.
Ike backs the Republican Mayor New York
Republicans look forward another vctoryNew Yorks
broke, too.
The Navy sends the first three WAVES duty aboard
ship Captain Chief what flag is that ship yng?" Quarter
MASTER THE ensign the admrals agand three grdles"
Agriculture Undersecretary present pro-
grams encourage waste The surplus
about 10 bushels to the three votes to the farm
Agents after
that 13 cent didn't their income
Revere had ride midnight morning
some Yankee would have stolen his
Evening star., 1953-08-20
Lowell MeHett-
Lowell WeNett-
And They Have oWord for 1t
Administration Spokesman Declare New Policy Concerning
Future Development of the Nations Power Resources

Local is the word. and you
are going to hear it q lot in
the days to come. It is to be
used in advancing the Eisen-
hover administrations policy
with regard to electric power
development. It probably will
be put to heavier use even than
the word Socialism" although
that epithet, used to describe
any opposite policy, will not
be dropped.
= Undersecretary of the In
terror Tudor on Tuesday, for
some reason. issued state
ment on the subject of power.
The President in Denver in
dorsed it. In effect, it told that
during this administration
there will be less public power
development and more private.
To make this palatable, this
language was used:
1T is recognized that the pri-
mary responsibility for supply
ing power needs Of an area
rests with the people locally.
In general, it (the Interior
Department. will not oppose
the construction Of facilities
which local interests, either
public or private, are willing
and able to provide. :"
So the picture is offered Of
local folks getting together,
pooling their financial re-
sources, organizing q power
company and setting up in
business, unopposed by the
powerful Government in
Washington. Either that or an
enterpriSing town or city doing
the same. In any case it would
be local, all In the hands of
the people Of the community
needing the power.
But 1t isn't a true picture.
The purpose Of the policy is
perfectly plain. made so by
Interior Secretary McKay's
earlier abandonment Of the
Evening star., 1953-08-20

rope must be brought into
submission by military means.
America would then rush all
her might across the Atlantic
and suffer heavily. In the
meantime, the Red forces in
the Far East would have ample
time to organize themselves
and give America the final
body blow. Premier Malenkov
and the field marshals believe,
it is said, that Russia's main
task in the war against Amer
ica is to detach Western Eu-
rope by peaceful means, and
leave this country militarily
and automatically unsup-
ported by her European allies.
How much substance there
may be in this conjecture is
difficult to say.
The Joint Chiefs of Staff
can positively determine, with
out using a crystal ball, that
the defense preparedness of
our NATO allies, sadly tagging
last year, has reached a stand
still since the beginning of the
Kremlin'S peace offensive. It
is not only the economic, A.
nancial and social troubles in
France and Italy which are
alone accountable for this
situation, but the fact that the
peoples of these countries re-
fuse to be involved in any fu-
ture confiagration.
President Eisenhower, who
was enormously regarded by
many as a strong exponent of
the Europe first" doctrine,
stated in his recent letter of
transmission Of the MSA re-
port to Congress that our al
lies must henceforth do more
for themselves than in the
past. He also said that our
defense effort in the Pacific
must be stepped up. These
portions Of the Presidents let
ter have received only scant
public attention, although
they indicated an important
departure from our global mil
itary thinking which the new
Joint Chiefs now are called
upon to implement in new
strategic plans.
The greatest blow received
by our military men in Wash
ington and at SHAPE is, how
ever, the unofficial burial of
the European Defense Com
munity agre e m ent which
should have brought into the
European defense no less than
Evening star., 1953-10-04

Miss Dorothy Belle Scates,
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. NAL
colin Scates of Washington, be-
came the bride October 3 of Mr..
David Morrow Blair. He is the
son of Mr.. and Mrs. Donald L.
Blair, also of this city.
The ceremony took place at
the National Baptist Church
with DR. Edward B. Willingham
officiating. There was a recep-
ton at the Congressional Coun-
try Club. Following a southern
wedding trip, Mr.. and Mrs. Blair
will reside in New Bern, N. C.
Miss Marjorie Smallwood was
the maid of honor and the ma
tron of honor was Mrs. Thurl E.
Stroup. sister of the bridegroom
The other attendants were the
Misses Joan JazoWski, Mary
ProVan, Margaret Mitchell, Jean
Woodfield, jeanette Branin and
Mrs. Frank G. Siler.
Serving as his brothers best
man was Mr.. Richard Blair. The
ushers were the Messrs. Thurl
Stroup, Cary Scates, brother of
the bride; Robert James, Walter
Chamblin, Robert Laverine,
Michael Carta and Richard
Armstrong.
Evening star., 1953-10-04
By IsobeIIe Shelton

The political scene in nearby
Northern Virginia this summer
and fall has been considerably
frightened by the participation
of two highly photogenic female
candidates for the Virginia
lower house.
Mrs. Kathryn H. Stone, a
Democrat seeking one of the
three legislative seats from the
Arlington district, is as brunei
as Mrs. Cynthia Zimmerman,
Republican contender for one of
the two Fairfax-Falls Church
area seats, is blond.
Both are housewives and
mothers, both are seeking their
first elective Office, and both
have had previous experience
working for their respeetiRe
party candidates on natIo1faf
level. =
If either wins, she will be the
first Northern Virginia woman
ever to serve in the Virginia
House of Delegates, and only the
seventh woman from any. part
of the State. 5=..
Mrs. Stone Foyored
Of the two. Mrs. Stone is con-
sidered the more likely to win,
both because the area is tradi-
ditionally Democratic and be-
cause she has had wide expert
ence in civic affairs.
She has an active 16-point
program, which includes an in-
stallment plan for Virginia State
income tax payments c'not one
big bill at Christmas time!"O in
creased educational and mental
health services, repeal of the poll
tax, and a proposed law which,
she says, would prevent harass-
ment suits by taxpayers such as
those by which Attorney John
Locke Green has tied the Arling-