davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1953-09-18
BuerwoId School for Social
Work Becomes Travelling
Institution

PARIS. (JTA)-After four
years as a unique experiment in
international education for social
work. the Paul Baerwald School
of Social Work yesterday closed
its doors following commence
ment exercises for Jewish stud
ents from Israel. North Africa
and various European countries.
Founded by the Joint Distribu-
ton Committee as the first Ameri-
can social work school abroad, the
Baerwald School has created a
corps of men and women trained
for social service in behalf Of Jew
ish survivors of war and Nazism.
The school is named for Paul
Baerwald, founder and now hon.
orary chairman of the JDC.
Beginning next October. staff
of seven American instructors
from the school will form a facul-
tY team equipped to give short
courses in Casablanca. Tunis and
Tel Aviv under a new scheme
whereby the school comes to the
students. instead of the more ira
ditional way around. From then
on. the Baerwald School will be-
come a travelling institution taking
TO the road TO reach those Jewish
communities where men and
women trained in social service
for their fellow Jews are most
needed.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1953-09-18

WEST SHOKAN. N. Y. (JTA)
"A call TO American Jews TO
create a golden era of literature
art and philosophy comparable
10 the great cultural coverings
of past ages in other lands" was
voiced here last night by Philip
NJ. Klutznick. president of B'nai
Birth. Speaking at the annual
national Hillel Summer institute
at Camp High Point on the occas-
ion of the 30th anniversary of
the B'nai Birth F1illel Founda-
lions movement. MIR. Klutznick
denied that America was merely
an intellectual motel" for him.
self and other Jews or that they
were living in exile.
1--WE need to make of our Jew
ish inheritance something more
than a past. We have thinkers,
artists, philosophers here in our
midst-we must find way to
encourage them to make a golden
era of positive rich content of
Jewish living in America. An1eri-
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1953-09-18
SOUTHERN ADJ OFFICIALS MAP PROGRAM
FOR COMING YEAR

League Chamen OF Bnai Birth District
and District Atlanta program activities tor the year
ahead Extensive plans the Of the more than 200
Bnai Birth projects designed to better human
relations outlined during intensive tWoday session.
Pictured reading left to right seated: George Fag
Oklahoma CITY, Chairman and George Taanon
Miami Chairman Standing: Alfred Smith, Charlotte
District CoChaman Alexander F. Miller adj Southern d.
rector and Arthur Levin Director ADJ Atlanta Regional Office
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24

day morning TO business and protes-
sional men and women, teachers and
students, housewives and political
leaders in every state and 50 foreign
countries.
In his review OF the past 80 years
kiplinger says the present SIS merely
a piece Of the past and the future" and
continues:
"Now look back and ponder on the
material advances of the past. How the
average man is better off . than 80
years ago or less. Wages and other
forms Of pay have more than tripled
in 80 years. Living cost prices have less
than.doubled 90 there's a margin.
"Note the new things: Sound movies,
color movies, radio and TV, refrig.
orators, reezers, washers, cleaners, and
other household gadgets, air condition.
ers, airplanes big and fast. tough metals,
new chemicals, plastics, man.made tab.
RIGS, electronics, radar, new drugs, psy.
chiatry, new farm machines, modern
architecture, Sd movies, and the atom
at work.
Changes in ways OF thinking:
Growth of ideas akin to socialism. The
New Deal era. Big government. Pater-
nalism. Laws to spread income. Weak.
ching Of reliance on private and indi-
vidud effort (perhaps temporary.
Ascent OF labor union members in
| 1923, SO million :. now l6 million"
All this adds up, says Kplinger, 70 Z
better world ahead. usss3 e. q ~
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24

and Mrs. Isabel Fonville, Mrs.
Josephine Avery . . Mrs. Gloria
Black passed recently. She was
the wife of Fred Black who lived
at Grady, and the grand daught-
err of Mrs. Sallie Nash who liv-
ed on the Main Street Pike. The
funeral services were held July
18th r. w. Witherspoon at
tended the funeral of J. II. Rich
mond at larry July 18th -.
Philip Plumer has become super
intendent of the Mt, Zion AME
Sunday school since the passing
of his father, the late P. H. A.
Plumer. Mr. Plumer is getting off
to a very good start Mr..
and Mrs. o. d. Hubberd visited
with the Shepherds recently
Mr.. and Mrs. Frederick Dixon
and family left on the 4th of July
for their home in California
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24

and Detroit, sons of the late Rev,
E. Wilds of Morrilton were pres
ent for the funeral of their ia
Their billiard Hensley OF Chi
eago and family were visiting
their old home around Blackville
and Kenwood on the l4th. Both
were reared around Blackville :.
Messengers and delegates report
an excellent Sunday School and
BTU congress The drouth
still prevails in parts of the state
and counties, and farmers are
quite disturbed over it. Some are
thinking of trying other jobs and
leaving the state Mrs. Martha
Frost of Blackville has just re-
turned from Kansas City visiting
a brother Mrs Dovie Myers
is doing fairly well at this writ
ing Rev. Flags son-in-laW
and family are visiting him.
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24
HAMBURG
Betty Benice Worthy

Rev. Hasey Harrel from tn c
Camden district preached at the
IL o'clock service at Soldiers
Chapel AME church. Rev. A. Red
din, pastor Quinn choir rend-
cred musical program Sunday
mite at Soldiers Chapel AME
church. R. D. Tarlbert, instruct
or; w. H. Simpson, president;
Rev. S. A. Tucker, pastor
Miss Luvenia Lewis of Stuttgart
will sing at Soldiers Chapel July
26 at 7:30 o'clock The fol-
lowing persons visited Mrs O.
levia Dobbs: Mrs. Lucy Wilder,
Wilmot; Mrs. Mary Pounds, j. c..
Wilder both from Gary; Mrs
Pearl Colbert, Shreveport; Mrs
Ethel Hall, ST. Louis Vaca-
ton Bible school is being held in
the high school auditorium .
A great revival is being held at
Mt. Zion Baptist church. Rev.
Clyde Miller of Dermott is con-
Quoting the meeting, Rev. A. Jun
Tor, pastor The following
persons contributed one dollar or
more to the building fund: Sister
Alberta Bartly. captain; Dorothy
Tippie, Frank Hubbard, Willie
Allen, James Ware, Don Watkin,
L. G. Paskel. Lewis Medowas,
Alfred Jackson, Mr.. Doss.
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24
Kiplinger Reviews 80 Years,
Sees Better World Ahead

WASHINGTON - ". NJ. kiplinger
e Nnrtaa 20 years Of reporting world
sN0sx end predicting trends for .
6Ghiy restricted list Of Subscribers with
o koss-ass that -the world will be better
IN tfse aerf three decades.
In q special S0th anniversary issue
II his Kiplinger Washington Letter,
written partly for fun, partly tor
aksustafsiness," he said. too. I'VE can.
ssss mop the improvement but we can
hold II back or speed it up"
The ohio.born, former newspaper
reparfcr, who originated the method
of dissensing business, economic and
xcwSnmental news, condensed into a
weekly, four.page, priyately-circulated
letter, reviewed events since 1923, and
chen, with a "look to the future, said
~Oat OF our experience as observers
Sscnsrs a conviction, which is this: the
wurid will be better. Improvement is
The basic law OF life.
We cannot stop the improvement,
Euf we can hold il back or speed il up.
To speed it up requires more than noble
wishes and pious good intentions. II
askss bard knowledge, brains, intel
hpenSc, judgment, savvy. wisdom. Both
she worldly sort and the spirit sort
both are highly essential-beeause work.
mag azd living, as everyone knows, is
not Just materialistie.'
Kipiinger was 80 and relatively un.
known when he started tipping out
weekly analyses OF Washington de.
irelapnaents with emphasis on predic'
7Einus of the future economic signih.
.sssnce of those developments. With a
asecond hand typewriter, borrowed
$1,000, Subscribers, none. Hopes,
Hxh," he struggled to prove that the
anfmnation he could furnish would be
vsaIuai1le 60 businessmen.
III took about FIVE years to convince
raurc chan his three original staff mem
brTs chat he was right; that the Kip
liGsef Washington Letter was destined
% become a distinctive force in Amer
aexa Journalism. The struggle for bar,
ansFvSsal emerged into an even hardel
frhd,--against scores OF limitations.
TO4ay, built around that origina
evpemraar ashich kiplinger still uses
as ssaa Of $50, housed in a modern
grr-salsry 0ffce building and printing
ylare, SID each sharing in the earnings
as tire Xiplinger Washington Agency
fhe Asz1er ia delivered every Mon
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24

fEsy TDWN NEWS
sssgSxg harris

vTEzs 6rW Town Baptist church
,,~GsEla1E closed j revival. Rev. M.
- Izalinfl from Eudora preached.
lS.sas persons were added to the
lat.r.al aassT.l1ip. Baptismal service
ilsaa1 Sunday. Rev. Copeland from
i1e~RE1t brought the evening mes
,mxa ssna1 administered the Lords
sgrExT zsnd fellowshipped the
sxw members Mrs. Indiana
Roe has undergone an operation
md is rnnch improved at this
writing The West Pine Bluff
singing union met at the New
lreErn Baptist church Sunday. A
l1la1ut raised was $21 Fred
lCrSsxN>1 of Miller street is visit
ing in Ashdown George Nc
'-Gin suffered shoulder injuries
while working recently Pvt
Dele Collins is home on furlough
rom {he U. S. Army Mrs
Elsie Weeks has returned home
after spending four weeks at A
MAN college attending the first
quarter OF the summer session
Joseph Brantly and Miss
Szryefla Latson We're married in
Che home Of the brides sister,
Mira c. Mccain, Sunday
ESerl4 EI=pss to the reporter, Carlee
Harris.
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24
L0udlnl
Eletha Burch

Eletha bureh
The funeral of Albert Pace
was held at the Good Hope Bap-
tist church. He passed Saturday
Mrs. Julia Green spent few
days with her daughter, Mrs, JUL
lie Miner Mr.. and Mrs, w. M.
Hildreth have returned home aft
err two weeks of vacationing in
Detroit with their children and
other relatives Mrs, l.. A,
Anderson is home after spending
five weeks at AMIN college q.
The youth conference is now in
progress at the Mt Hebron Bap-
fist church. Cullendale The
princess revue was held Friday
evening at 6 o'clock. Little Miss
Mary Ella Hildreth was princess
from New Jerusalem. She won
third prize. reporting $3l. Total
amount raised from Princess re-
Vue was $247. The princess from
First Baptist church, Ell Dorado,
was crowned queen. She report
ed SIS. The conference closed
Saturday. Total amount raised
S60340 Mr.. and Mrs. George
Ira Burch and family went on a
picnic July 4th.
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24
NO MONTHLY cRAMpS...
nor even on the VERY FIRST DAY!
Doctors sesis show amorins preventive relief
OF pain, boekoehss, nervous feelings

. Women and girls who
suffer from the Junction.
ally-caused cramps. back
aches and headaches due
to menstruation-who feel
upset and irritable on GER
tain particular days"
every month-may be SUI
1eri11 quite needLcSslyI
Such is the conclusion
from tests by doctors in
which Lydia E. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound
stopped or gave amazing
relief Of such distress in 3
out of 4 of the cases
epen on the Uery first and
zoorSt day OF the period
Yes Medical evidence
proves Lydia Pinkham' e mod
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24
EI Dorado
LeOna Woodland

LeOna Woodland
Mrs, Myrtle HighshaW and FAM
lily were the guests of Rev and
Mrs. L. J. Gurst Sunday, Mr,
and Mrs. Highshaw live in
Smackover Herbert White
and Roy H. White are home with
their parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Felt
on White. Roy was recently
married to Miss Ailene johnson.
They are at home with his par
ents until he returns to the Air
Force. The two brothers are both
with the Air Force The BIZ
BILE school at the First Baptist
church closed last week. There
We're white and eolored faculty
members to teach the children.
Rev. L. D. Champion, pastor .
There were five candidates from
the First Bapt. church in Smack
over and two candidates from the
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24
Atkins
A. F. Cunningham

"A. L, Cunningham
Rev. d. w. Reddick preached
from the subject, Pastors are
divinely called" His sermon was
filled with facts and very impress
sive. He defined the werd pastor.
the qualifications. the responsible
ity and the respect that should
be shown them. Visitors We're B.
Wilson. J. w. Ackerson. Mrs. G.
Thompson, Mrs. Virginia Bryles
from Digs Chapel AME Zion.
Collection for the day was SAG.
The Usher board held a short
session in the afternoon. The BTU
met at p. m. Mrs. Lille Barton,
president Mrs. N. E. McDan-
iel and grand daughter were pres
ent for service Robert and
Thelma Wilds from Kansas City
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24

son have returned from
visit with their people in D.. aoT
Iexas Mr., and Mrs
Daley of Chicago are -, ''lae
their vacation here with th S5,p y.
ents Mr., and Mrs H. "a
burks and children and
Burks Of Manning visited :
community Sunday eyenin, % u
Rev Angelo S. johnson r.,
pastor of Princeton circni, wing
returned to take charge ~
johnson, Howard DALEY Nv IVY
Daley, Linda Faye Harriso, "s
dred Daley, Ollie Ruth ~, I4'
and Jesse Leon Daley att,r ~t',
the services at Beulah P,, RAW.
church Sunday evening '-'
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24
AkthKitiS Pain ASTHMA COUGHS

7or quick, delightfully."- comforting help for
.ches and pains Of rheumatism, Arthrttis.
Neuritis, Lumbago Sclatica, or Neuralgia try
Romind. Works through the blood. First dose
usually starts alleviating pain SO you can
work, enjoy life and sleep more comfortably.
Get Romind at druggist today, Quick, COM
plete satisfaction or money back guaranteed
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24

/ Rev. Durbin attended service at
Mt Zion AME recently Get
the PRESS every week. It's your
best buy.
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24

ern in action. It exerts q re-
markably calming effect on
the uteruS-lCithotIf the use
OF pGin-deddening dru0si
The effectiveness Of Lydia
Pinkham's needs no proof to
the millions of women and
girls whom IL has benefited.
But how about your Do you
know what 10 may do for your
Take Lydia Pinkham'sl See
II you don't get the same re-
lief from cramps and weak
ness 80. feel better both be-
fore and during your period
Get either Lydia Pinkham's
Compound, or net1. Improved
Tablets, with added front
Lydia Pinkham's is Won
derful for hot flashes" and
other functional distress OF
the Change OF llfe," tool
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24

Don't let difhcuIt breathing, coughing
and wheeling, due to recurring spasms Of
Bronchial Asthma or simple Bronchitis
ruin your sleep and energy without trying
MENDACO. Works through your blood TO
help loosen and remove thick, strangling
mucus. Thus usually allays coughing which
permits freer breathing and sounder sleep.
Get MENDACO under money back guar
antee at druggists.
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24

Ever Green Baptist batised at
Mt, Calvary Baptist church, Sun
day. Rev. ]. I. Thomas is pastor
OF Mt. Calvary.
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24
@A~~ |
| GNh+)
|~A

:. the letters start. Then from
all over the free world come such
comments as these from readers
of THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE
MONITOR, an international daily
newspaper:
"The Monitor /, must read
ing tor strdightthinkirg
people. :"
Il returned to school after
lapse Of Is years. | tpiH get
my degree from the college.
but my education comes
from the Monitor. :"
The Monitor gives me idea,
tor my work. :"
II truly enjoy It's COM
pdny.
You, too, will find the Monitor
Informative, with complete world
news. You will discover q con.
structive viewpoint In every news
story.
Use the coupon below for spe.
cial Introductory subscription -
8 months for only IS.
------------------
The Christian Science Monhss
One. Norway ST., Boston Is, Hsss. U. 8, A.
Please send me IN intreduetory sub,srIp.
lion To The Chrhiisn Science Monltor-
10 bsuss. ! sneloss -.
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24
Main St. Pike

nysses Shepherd
On Che sick list are Joseph
Dixon, John Biggs, Donill Stew
art. Willie B. Crawford, Mrs. Ell
zen Williams and J. B. Bennett
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24
CHOKED .,: ~';s GAS?

THANK HEAVENS! Most attacks are acid
indigestion. When 1t strikes take Bell-ans
tablets They contain the fastest-acting
medicines known to doctors for the relief
of heartburn and gas soc refunded If not
satisfied. Send empty carton to Bell-ans,
Orangeburg. N. Y Get Beil-an today. 25f.
Arkansas State press., 1953-07-24

MI. Zion
Mildred Daley
Mrs. Homer Lorenzo Cook and
Evening star., 1953-03-01
VISIT WITH KATE
by Clementine PaddlefOrd
This Week Food Editor
JON C0yKEA0

when she bakes gingezsnaps and nine kinds of
cookies. Forty-five dozen she made this past
autumn. It's the gngersnaps that has every
one talking. Not fancy but plain as the back of
your hand: and little things. thin and crisp with
a sharp bite of the spice.
Hot rolls Kate makes at least once week,
using her basic recipe which she divides into
fruited buns and cinnamon pinwheels. These
are her bridge-breakfast breads and something
to drive the weight watchers crazy. Even those
women most determined to keep mind over
matter will eat half dozen Of them and glory
in their downfall.
Evening star., 1953-03-01

You, too, will love BLUE BONNET
MarRarine's delicate, sunny-sweet
favor! BLUE BONNET makes bread,
toast, hot rolls, and vegetables taste
better than ever!
You'll appreciate BLUE BONNET's
nutrition. Unlike most other mar
garines, BLUE BONNET contains both
Vitamins A AID D-as much year
round Vitamins A and D a. you get
in the high-priced spread for bread!
Yet BLUE BONNET Margarine
ssosts less than half as much as the
hiRh-priced spread. So put on BLUE
BONNET and be sure Of "all g.
Flavor, Nutrition, EcOnom-ee!
Evening star., 1953-03-01

cup milk
" cup sugar
teaspoon salt
6 tablespoons shortening
2packages dry granular yeast or cakes COM
pressed yeast
cup warm, not hot, water
7 cups sifted all-purpose -four
3 eggs, beaten
Combine milk, sugar, salt and shortening in
top of double boiler; scald over boiling water
and cool to lukewarm. Dissolve yeast in cup
warm, not hot, water C95'F. to l05'F.) and let
stand for minutes Cif using compressed yeast,
dissolve in cup lukewarm water, SO'F. and let
stand minutes). Add cups flour to the luke
warm scalded-milk mixture, then stir in the
yeast mixture Beat eggs into the batter. Blend
Evening star., 1953-03-01
A professors wife who has to
watch her pennies shares her
secrets for interesting meals
LAWRENCE, KAN.

1AWAECNNE1 1AhNs
66TVHAr Kate is clever one!' So friends
i say of Mrs w. HI. Shoemaker, of Law
renee, Kan, after dinner at her home, or a
faculty tea, or when the girls" have gathered
there for bridge brunch.
This Kate has magic touch for doing the
usual IN unusual ways. cultivated talent. She
explains: ''I'm professors wife with entertain
ing to do and pennies to watch. must make
the most of the little" Her menus are never
lavish, her foods come from ordinary grocery
stores, but are presented with teiGt.
Head of the house is Dr. w. H. Shoemaker,
Chairman of the Department Of Romance
Languages and Literature, University of Kan
sas. Two sons at the table, Edward, 18, Philip,
l6. Who's this waiting with the begging eyes?
That's the dog, Socrates!
Heux Minds sf Parties
KITCHEN hand maiden is the freezer, II cubic
feet Of it, and not square inch to spare! The
ShoemakeTs buy their garden stuffs at harvest
peak when the prices dip. Then Kate cans and
freezes. She buys two -day-old bread for third
less than fresh-bread price. Loaves and rolls
she freezes. oven-heats before serving, and the
bread comes to the table tasting freshly baked.
Four kinds of entertaining are on Kate's
calendar: after r-committee-meeting refresh
ments with tea, as rule, and gingersnaps, or
coffee with tiny round sugared doughnuts
Small dinner parties she gives for intimate
friends. Bridge breakfasts are her way of enter
taining ''the girls.
Each fall there is the Department Tea, mean
ing her husbands department at the University,
Evening star., 1953-03-01

thoroughly until smooth and elastic. Now add
S more cups -four Tor less if possible). Turn
onto lightly Toured board and knead until
elastic. about 10 minutes. Return to lightly
creased bowl, cover loosely with tea towel
and let rise in warm place go to 85'F.) until
double in bulk, about hours Meanwhile
prepare these two filings:
Fruit Mixture
Il cup glaceed fruit
N cup seedless raisins
2 tablespoons chopped prunes
n cup chopped, pitted dates
n cup chopped nuts (optionaD
2 tablespoons brown sugar
Stir ingredients well and set aside
Cinnamon Mixtuue
n cup butter or margarine, softened
l cup sugar
2 tablespoons ground cinnamon
N cup raisins (about 49,
Set butter or margarine aside to soften;
combine sugar and cinnamon; measure raisins
and set aside.
h0S5C Dun ava FtUuySS
When dough in bowl has doubled in bulk
turn mixture onto lightly Toured board and
divide into pieces. Roll portion to half-inch
thickness, oblong shape; cover the surface with
II of the fruit mixture and press it in well with
a rolling pin. Roll as for jelly roll, being sure
to eliminate any air bubbles. Fasten at ends
with toothpicks so fruit cannot come out during
baking.
Prepare second portion of dough IN same
manner. using the remaining half of the fruit
mixture. Place the rolls on lightly creased
baking sheet and let rise until almost double in
bulk (about an hour).
Roll third portion of dough into oblong shape
n inch thick Is by 10 inches). Spread with
softened butter: sprinkle with sugar cinnamon
mixture. Cut in 2 inch squares (there should
be of them) and place about 6 raisins in the
center of each. Working square at time,
make diagonal cuts from each of the corners
to within n inch of the center. Fold the points
toward the center and press down on the mound
of raisins. Prepare each of the squares in the
same manner Place the pmwheels on lightly
creased baking sheet and let rise until almost
double in bulk (about hour). Bake the pin
wheels and rolls in hot oven (425'F.) for
about 20 minutes
Serve individual pinwheels and cut rolls"
into individual slices. Yield: pinwheels and
Is or more bun slices.
Evening star., 1953-03-01

cups sifted allpupose -four
n cup sugar
u teaspoon salt
teaspoon powdered ginger
" cup butter or margarine
" cup lard
cup molasses
l teaspoon baking soda
l tablespoon hot water
Mix and sift -four, sugar, salt. ginger. Cut
in butter and lard with two knives or pastry
blender until particles resemble coarse corn
meal. Make well in the center and add
molasses and the soda which has been dissolved
in the hot water Mix well, form into a roll and
wrap in wax paper. When cold, these can be
sliced K-inch thick. Or. if you wish, don't
refigerate; roll out to 1S-inch thickness on
lightly Toured board and cut with cookie
cutter. Bake on creased baking sheet in
moderate oven C350'F) for S to minutes
Yield: about S dozen cookies.
MEETING IN ST. LOUIS next sUeek to eat
q catfish ,Uith hush puppies and sour
cream cabbage.
Evening star., 1953-10-29

ARLINGTON . SILVER SPRING
Open Friday and Monday Nights to 9
Dolly 10 to s, Friday ond Monday 10 to 9
The frontiersman., 1953-12-31

Mrs. Sam Woolcott, reception ist in Dr. c. C. Bailey's office, was a patient at Valley Hospital this week.
The frontiersman., 1953-12-31
[ ELSIE J. LOWE WEDS AT JUNEAU

Word was received in the Val ley this week of the recent mar riage of Elsie J. Lowe of Palmer to Albert J. Mayer of Ketchikan. The ceremony was performed in the Resurrection Lutheran Church in Juneau by the Rever- end H. C. Coovert.
 Thelma Hickman was brides maid and Phil Johnson was best man.
 Following the ceremony a re- ception was held at the Hotel Juneau apartment of MT. and Mrs. Felix Gray where guests en- joyed coffee, punch and cake.
 Mrs. Mayer is a well-known former Palmerite.