davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-12-27
October

NCTOBER SAW the emergence
~ on the world stage of a new
type of man-the practical neutral
in the East-West struggle. 1t. Gen.
K S. Thimayya of the Indian Army
came to Korea-over Syngman
Rhee's objections-to police the
neutral zone prison camps where
POWs were awaiting their turn to
accept or reject repatriation.
Though much suspicion greeted his
arrival, by the end of the year al
most every one, Communist and
anti Communist alike. agreed Gen.
Thimayya had turned out to be in
the tradition of a big-league UNI
pire who called 'em exactly as he
saw 'em.
AS the prisoner exchange got
under way. it became apparent that
the Reds were losing vast amount
of face. About 81 per cent Of the
prisoners offered repatriation to
their Sovietized homeland rejected
1t with shouts and curses. Red "ex-
Evening star., 1953-12-27

States made it clear that it meant
no such thing.
Both sides claimed the truce as a
victory. The U. m said collective Sc
curity had successfully resisted an
aggressor. The Communists said
capitalist Imperialism in Korea had
been beaten. To many persons.
neither claim rang true.
The end to this limited war left
both sides undefeated, of course.
Consequently many of the outstand-
ing differences between the Reds
and the U.N. were left unsolved.
These problems were referred by the
military commanders to a political
conference on Far Eastern problems
that the commanders suggested
be convened before october %.
Berios Downfall
Another sign of Soviet weakness
burst upon the world July 10, when
Moscow announced the overthrow
of Lavrenti P. Beria, chief of the
dread secret police. A series of
purges of Beria henchmen enSued
The outside world guessed that
Premier Georgi Malenkov had won
the first round in the inevitable
struggle for power, but his position
looked none too secure. Moscow
Radio was talking about a govern
ment by committee, not any one
man show.
AS the cracks in the Kremlin
wall became more evident. the West
reaff1rmed it's stiffening attitude.
The Big Three's Foreign Ministers
met in Washington and called for
more deeds and fewer words from
the Communists. What about trea-
ties for, Austria and Germany, they
wanted to know?
The United States Congress took
advantage of the Moscow softening
to make deeper cuts in defense
spending than the President had at
first recommended. Both defense
spending and foreign aid were re-
duced. Taxes were kept on over Rep
reSentative Reeds bowling protests.
The excess profits tax was extended
for six months until the end of
1853 to bring the budget closer into
balance.
Congressional probers branched
out into new field-religion-with
sensational eight-hour hearing
for Methodist Bishop G. Bromley
Oman, who had been accused of
aSsociating closely with alleged
Communists in his church,
Evening star., 1953-12-27
September.

u UROPE'S PAINFUL evolution
H. toward integration got shot
in the arm September when West
Germany voted resoundingly to re-
turn DR.. Konrad Adenauer to power
The shrewd 77-year- chancellor
has been solid supporter Of Euro
pean unity, and the European De-
fenSe Community in particular. His
victory also called the worlds atten-
ton to Germany's swift economic
recovery. Obviously, the longer
France kept it's European allies from
taking Germany into defense al
lance, the bigger and harder to
handle Germany would become.
Big Switch
The exchange of willing prisoners
of war-Operation Big Switch
ended in Korea early in September
The Communists returned 12.760
United Nations soldiers, including
1897 Americans and 1850 South
Koreans. The U.N. sent back
70.159 North Koreans and 5,64O
Chinese Both sides claimed the
other was holding back large num-
bers of prisoners.
The battle for the minds of pris-
oners who decided they liked it
better on the enemy side Started
almost as soon as Operation Big
Switch was completed. Some IA. ZOO
Chinese, 1900 North Koreans, and
335 U. N. prisoners (including %
Americans) were turned over to In
dian custodians in the Korean neu-
trail zone. Preparations were made
for explanations to the balky cap
tives. One American subsequently
came home.
The United Nations opened its
eighth General Assembly session in
New York in mid-September. 1t
was destined to be the iassembly's
least productive sitting-except for
move made by a non-delegate,
President Eisenhower, in December.
Exit Durkin
The weakest link in President
EiSenhoWer'S strongly buSineSslike
cabinet, Labor Secretary Martin P.
Durkin, resigned September 10 over
differences with the chief executive
on revision of the Taft-Hartley
labor law.
Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson, a
prominent figure in New Deal and
Fair Deal administrations, died Sep
tember of heart attack. President
Eisenhower named CALIFORNIA; Gov
ernor, Earl Warren, one of the coun-
try's outstanding Republicans often
mentioned as presidential material
to take Mr.. Wilson's seat.
AS the month ended, the Nation
was shocked by crime that turned
out to be one of the most heartless
in the annals of kidnapping. A drug
addicted waStrel and his dissolute
mistress abducted 6-year-old Bobby
Greenlease and demanded-and re-
ceived-$600,0 900 from his millionaire
father. They killed the child even be-
fore making the ransom demand.
Captured in st. Louis early in Oc-
tober, the pair confessed. Their fate
set something of a record for speedy
punishment of crime: Eighty-one
days after they kidnapped and killed
Bobby Greenlease, Carl Austin Hall
and Bonnie Brown Heady died.
Evening star., 1953-12-27

w ITH THE KREMLIN's walls
w still trembling from the June
uprisings, the Communists grudg-
ingly agreed to cease-f1re in Korea,
despite Syngman Rhee'S belligerent
attitude. Under the truce terms, the
United Nations won it's major point
in refusing to force all Chinese and
North Korean prisoners to return
behind the Iron Curtain. The final
truce was signed July q.
Under the armistice terms, pris-
oners who did not want to go home
would not be forced back. But the
Reds did obtain an important con-
ceSsion: The men would be forced
to reconsider. For the first time in
the worlds history, prisoners would
be asked whether they wanted to go
home or not. In previous wars, it
had always been assumed that pris-
oners preferred home and their
loved ones to life in an alien land.
It took an Iron-Curtain way of life
to change this pattern.
President Rhee gave the United
Nations side some bad moments be-
fore the final signing, however. At
heart, he saw no advantage in stop
ping the war while Communists still
held Korean soil. He tried to keep
the fighting going, and even threat
ened to continue the war alone with
his newly developed, American
equipped ROK army of Is divisions.
This would have been suicide, Of
course, but would have posed
pretty problem for the United Ma
tionS Command.
Grudging Agreement
After some six narrowing weeks of
United StateS-Korea negotiations,
with American pleadefs visiting the
Korean presidents official residence
in relays, DR.. Rhee finally agreed to
an armistice. But he promised to
observe it only until late January.
three months after the proposed Far
Eastern political conference was to
open.
In the event that no plan for
peaceful unification Of Korea was
In sight in six months. DR.. Rhee got
the United States to agree to walk
out Of whatever peace conference
might be under way. South Korea
hoped this meant the U.N. would
resume the war, but the United
Evening star., 1953-12-27
December

TN DECEMBER, President Eisen-
L hover found the time opportune
to exert that stronger brand Of lead
ership many Of his supporters had
been calling for.
On the domestic front. there had
been much talk that Mr.. Eisenhower
was not firm enough with divergent
elements Of his own party; that he
Evening star., 1953-12-27
August

A MOTHER MILESTONE in the
IA grim atomic armaments race
vas passed August IL when the
Soviet Union exploded its first H
bomb. Premier Malenkov announced
the event eight days later. implying
Evening star., 1953-12-27
November

A LMOST as If 1853 had been an
IA even-numbered year. November
was month for politicking. 1t
started with Republican defeat In
New Jersey that was-but for intra-
State reasons should not have been
Evening star., 1953-12-27
Review of the Year:
Continued from Page CID


became, in June, the first men to
reach the 29,000-foot top of Mount
Everest.
Rhee's Dissatisfaction
But though June was gay month
In these respects, its true nature was
somber. In Korea, Syngman Rhee
was dissatisfied with the apparent
direction the truce talks were taking.
an unsatisfactory peace pact should
be concluded between the United
Nations and the Reds.
President Eisenhower wrote the
South Korean leader in an effort to
mollify him. What Gen. Eisenhower
got back was brush-off: II the
Americans want to leave, they may
leave with our blessings, but we of
South Korea will never consent to
q peace that would leave alien Com
munistS on our soil.
Still, things were looking up for
peace-until DR.. Rhee issued an or
der that released $4,000 anti-Com-
munist POWs from their cages. The
escaped prisoners melted into the
countryside and became one with
the South Korean civilian populace.
Only 1000 were recaptured. u. N.
command leaders were shocked. So
apparently, were the Reds; it took
them several days to get around to
making propaganda about the mass
Jail delivery. Predictably, the truce
talks begged down, and by the end
OF June no one was ready to fore
cast an end to the fighting.
Trouble for Reds
Up to now, it seemed, things had
been going well for the Reds and
their peace offensive. But mid
June was the time of the Berlin
riots, when all the hatred of an op-
pressed people welled up and beat
against the oppressors. The Com
muniSts were driven at last to reply
with the only language they know
the language of force-and they
put the riots down. But the dis
orders lasted long enough to show
the Soviet bloc and the rest of the
world that the Red terror had it's
weaknesses, too - weaknesses far
more basic than those of the free
world.
There was sharp contrast be-
tween two cases Of retribution car
rled out in June. Berlin rioters
were lined up and summarily shot
without trial and without appeal.
And in the same week, atomic spies
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg went
to their deaths after two years of
legal wrangling that lasted until
hours before they died.
AS the first half of 1853 drew to
a close, President Eisenhower won
significant victory on Capitol Hill.
Dan Reeds effort to ram through
what the administration regarded
as an untimely tax cut failed. leav-
ing the way open for extension, in
July. of excess profits levies for
another six months.
Egypt. which the year before had
rid itself of its wastrel king, became
a republic. with Strong Man Mo-
hammed Naguib as the first Presi-
dent
And in Paris, relative unknown
named Joseph Lanlel became the
third French Premier of 1853 after
a 37-day hiatus in which the creaky
government rocked along with no
leader at all.
Evening star., 1953-09-13

stamp collecting, even as
hobby, is enough to put him
on the "untruStworthy list"
In the muSeumlike stiffness
of the Legation the Minister
gives the impression of a pro-
feSsor who, with the university
burned down and the students
gone, stays on, more in un-
Shakable faith than in imme-
diate hope that it will be re-
built.
Evening star., 1953-09-13

At diplomaJlc receptions Mr..
Zadeikis receives an icy re-
ception from Soviet repre-
sentatives. But western dip
lomatic friends, the Minister
says, greet him somewhat
more than cordially, adding
personal comments to the eff
feet that as long as he ap-
pears they know the third-act
curtain has not fallen on
Lithuania.
Evening star., 1953-09-13

The seven exiled men who,
Mr.. Zadeikis says, dare not
even send letters home be-
cause police follow postmen
on mail deliveries from the
West, meet occasionally in
one of the capitals to talk over
common interests and prob
lens.
In Washington Mr.. ZadeikiS,
his wife, a 20-year-old daugh-
ter and a Lithuanian cook
live in the quiet, roomy Six
teenth street Legation, which
seems itself a symbol, far re-
moved from the hustle of an
ordinary busy diplomatic
workshop. The Legation is
maintained by funds the
Lithuanian government had
deposited in this country for
other purposes before the oc-
cupation.
we do not take one penny
from the United States Gov
ernment or its people-or
from any foreign govern
ment," Mr.. ZadeikiS says
firmly.
His principal function now
is to serve as a reminder that
his country is still alive and
to make people aware of its
present legal position. $50
few people," he says, weari-
ness in his voice, "know-or
care - about international
law"
The Minister'S mail indi-
Gates that there are many
people in the United States
who are not aware of what
has happened to Lithuania.
He receives frequent requests
from collectors for postage
stamps. He answers them all
personally, but rejecting on
them, says: They do not
realize that sending a post
age stamp from my country
can cost a man his life. And
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-21

was revealed in the Monday night
meeting in letter to Mr.. Barfield.
There was this circumstance how
ever in regard to the letter. There
are members Of the Board, who
according to reports, say that the
letter sent to Mr.. Barfield was not
the letter authorized by, and sub
sequently approved by the Board.
What happened was that when Mr..
Barfield first turned thumbs down
on the Bates appointment the
Board had a meeting in which it
was agreed to write letter to
Mr.. Barfield sticking by the
Boards action in appointing Prof.
Bates. That the letter was writ
ten, read, and approved by the
Board, but instead of that letter
few members of the Board got to-
gether and wrote and mailed an
other letter to Mr.. Bartfield, re-
scinding the Bates appointment.
The letter revealed that Mr.. Bar
field had been told to go ahead
with getting secretary that will
satisfy his requirements, and opin-
ion of the kind needed for the Far
ish Street Branch.
During the Monday night dis
cussion, which included Mr.. Donald
Reed, of Atlanta, Ca, Southern
Eastern Regional YMCA Official,
it was revealed that despite his
lack of qualifications for the Jack
son job, he had been offered the
secretary Of the YMCA in Macon,
Ga. Mr.. Bates declined this job
however, according to reports,
when he could obtain no guaran-
tee Of a job for his wife in Macon.
Meanwhile there was one thing
that was all too evident as re-
suit Of the Bates matter. That is
that the Negro public generally as
we'll as many members Of the
Board have lost a lot of their zeal
for the Parish Street Branch YIN
CA Program.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-21
Stormy
Continued from Page One)

\SoHCiiiueu lIofn rage One)
Boards action in the appointment
of Prof. Bates was turned down by
Mr.. Neil Barfield, General Score
tary Of the Jackson YMCA. AL
though Mr.. Barfield gave the
written statement to the Board
that he had turned down the Bates
appointment because Mr.. Bates,
although university graduate,
lacked training as a professional
Y-worker, he was later charged
with the oral statement that the
fact that his wife had filed the
salary suit had been an important
factor in influencing his decision
in the case.
In the meeting Tuesday night.
which turned out to be one of the
most stormy of a series of meet
ings of the Board following the
action of Mr.. Barfield, two of the
members are reported to have all
but come to blows when a spokes-
man charged that the school teach
ers, members of the Board, who
had benefited most by Mrs. Bates
salary suit, were the first to de-
sert her husband in his bid for the
'"h Of "Y" secretary after Mr..
Barfield's reported oral statement.
The Boards action in resembling
the appointment of Prof. Bates
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-21

the exhibits were to guide parents
in. the selection of desirable TOYS
and books for children from two
to six years of age and to stimu-
late in them desire to learn more
about the developmental needs of
children.
These purposes were more eff
fectively realized through the pres
entation Of this educational skit
With the colorful display of the
many toys and books which were
so generously provided by six
leading business firms of Jackson.
From the. many parents, teach
ers, students, children, and COM
munity friends present came COM
ments that these were the most
informative and enjoyable exhibits
ever presented by the Study Group.
All of the Kno Ais were truly
convinced and Mrs. KnoAl, Miss
Hattye Wright, will long be re-
membered.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-21

lege student, was highly commend
ed for playing the Heading role as
Mrs. Ina KnoAlf. Other students
were Mesdames Geraldine Cham
bliss, Mamie Davis, and Anna Will
son, members of the Social Science
BOP class who are receiving lead
elsnip training experiences in the
Nursery School this quarter.
The setting of the skit was Guido's
Demonstration Toy and Book Store
with Mrs. Teachitt MRS. Dease)
as manager. Other characters
were Mrs. Learnitt, Mrs. Anna Will
son; Mrs. Connie Vince, Mrs.
Maude Skinner; and Miss Bea
Frank, Mrs. Leila Rhodes. Clever
clerks were as follows: Toy De-
partment-Mrs. Motto, Mrs. Helen
Coleman; Mrs. Mento, Mrs. Con-
stance Davis; Mrs. Socio, Mrs. Ora
Robinson; and Mrs. Emo, Mrs.
Geraldine Chambliss. In the Book
Department were Miss G.. Ann
Reade, Miss Eleanor White; and
Miss TElla Storye, Mrs. Marguer-
lite Randolph. An additional fea-
ture of the exhibits this year was
the discussion of toys for the con-
valescent child by the sympathe-
tic and understanding clerk, Mrs.
Recupo, Mrs. Magnolia Cooper.
IS. Name Davis distributed edu-
~~Cional mimeographed materials
to all present.
Mrs. Lillian Hall stated in the
introduction that the purposes of
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-21

president, other officers are: Wal
ter H. (Chief) Aiken of Atlanta,
vice-president; j. E. Robinson, of
Houston, Tex, second vice-presi-
dent; Mrs. Christine Fuqua Of De-
troit, third vice president; Jesse
Mitchell, Washington, d. c., treas
urer.
Other officers elected were Atty.
Belford Dawson, Washington, d.
c., legal counsel; the Rev. J. j.
Benn of Philadelphia, chaplain;
j. ]. Henderson of Durham, N. c.,
auditor; j. r. e. Lee of Tallahas-
see, Fla, registrar, and Moss
Hendrix, Washington, D. c., pub
lie relations director.
Resolutions
In it's final session, the League
resolved to support program ito
strengthen the competitive posi-
ton of the American Negro bust
nessman in domestic economy and
the program being fostered and
developed to improve the position
of the American Negro business
man in international trade and re-
lationships as designed and adopt
ed by the National Association of
Real Estate Brokers'"
Other Action Taken
Other action taken by the League
as it wound up its session in the
assembly room of the Waluhaje
Apartments-Hotel included resolu-
tons to accelerate the Leagues
program Of audio-visual aids and
to set up q committee IN re.ct11dv
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-21

the Leagues administrative set
up.
1T was further resolved to es-
tablish a speakers bureau and to
reactivate the NNBL commission
on education in keeping with its
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-21

accent on youth" announcement.
The League asked a committee
TO consider the publication of an
official organ and asked that To-.
cal programs be more closely-knit.
to that of the National body.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-21
Sudduth
CONTINUED from Page One)

CONTINUED from Page Une)
mittee of the League.
Mr.. Sudduth faced no competi-
ton in his quest for reelection to
the presidency Of the organization
which was founded by the immor-
tai Booker r. Washington in 1900.
Chief Aiken Vice Prexy
Tn addition to Mr.. Sudduth as
Montgomery County sentinel., 1953-05-21
Arthur A. May
TO Address Real
Estate Board

Arthur A. May will address the
Montgomery County Real Estate
Board membership at moor
luncheon tomorrow at the Coles
vile Road Hot Shoppe.
Mr.. May, who is the chief ap.
praiser of the General Administra-
ton, is member of the Appraisal
Institute of the National Associa-
tion of Real Estate Boards, Pro-
fessional Lecturer in Land Econo-
mics at American University and
will be the Dean of Appraisal II
to be offered at the University this
summer.
The second edition of Mr.. Mays
book "The Valuation of Resident.
ial Real Estate" is just off the
press.
"Know Values and Do a Better
Job" will be the subject of Mr.
Mays talk.
AT the same meeting c. r. Gra-
ham will award three-star sales
mems realtor pin to A. J. Kes-
singer for the new active board
members he secured during 1862.
Other members who will receive
Montgomery County sentinel., 1953-05-21
INTER-COUNTY REALTY CO.,
INC, "A MARYLAND CORP
GRAFTON
TO
ROGER W. EISINGER and
WILLIAM B. HOLTON, Trustees
No. 1864 Equity
Order Nisi

ORDERED, this 18th day of
May A. D. 1858, by the Circuit
Court for Montgomery Co3nty, as
Court of Equity, that the sale
made by ROGER w. EISINGER
and WILLIAM B. HOLTON,
TRUSTEES, to MONTGOMERY
HOUSING ASSOCIATION, INC,
A MARYLAND CORPORATION,
and reported in the above entitled
cause, be ratified and confirmed,
unless cause to the contrary there
of be shown on or before the 18th
day of June 1853 next: Provided
a copy of this order be inserted
in some newspaper published in
said Montgomery county, once in
each of three successive weeks be-
fore the said 18Th day of June,
1858.
The report states the amount
of the sale to be $4,4O0.0O.
CLAYTON K. WATKINS,
Clerk of the Circuit Court
for Montgomery County
True Copy-Test:
Clayton X. Watkins, Clerk 632
Montgomery County sentinel., 1953-05-21

Copenhaver & Hutchinson
925 18th ST., NV.
Washington, DC.
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT FOR
MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD.
AS a Court of Equity
IN RE DEED OF TRUST FROM
INTER R-COUNTY REALTY CO.,
INC, A MARYLAND CORP
GRAFTON
Montgomery County sentinel., 1953-05-21
MARJORIE ,srUBBs ROGERS
BAILEY, ct al,
Defendants
No. 16,458 Equity
Order of Publication

The object of this suit is to
obtain a partition by sale under
order of Court of the following
described real estate located in
Montgomery County, State Of
Maryland:
Property known as Lots One ()
and two (2) in Block six co. in
the subdivision known as, and
called, Spring Lake Park, as per
Plat Book B, Plat 3, one of the
Land Records for Montgomery
County, Maryland.
The Bill of Complaint filed in
this cause states in substance that
the above named plaintiff and
Richard Eugene Kuster, Maurice
Delbert Custer, Marvin Custer,
Robert Custer, Francis Custer and
Gerry Custer, defendants and the
said Marjorie Stubs Rogers Bail
ey, above named defendant, are
the owners in fee simple of the
above described property as ten
ants in common; that the said
Raymond H. Kuster, plaintiff ac-
quired his interest in said prop
erty as an heir of George D. Kus-
ter, deceased, his father, and by
a conveyance from other heirs of
the said George D. Kuster; that
the said Richard Eugene Kuster
obtained his interest in the said
property as the only heir at law
of James Dewy Kuster, deceased,
a son of the said George D. Kus-
ter; that the said Maurice Delbert
Custer, Marvin Custer, Robert
Custer and Gerry Custer obtained
their interest in said property as