davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-09-30

to let them go by default to
the Russian orbit.
Old Army types will hardly
believe this. but in nominating
1t. Gen. Willard G. Wyman
Washington chose: A World
War II general who had COM
manded both the Turkish
brigade and Greek battalion
in Korea. a former cavalry
man who will work with one
OF the few armies still having
cavalry that can be useful,
and an officer with long ex-
perience in the Far East where
he learned the language and
ate the food. To top it all,
he's a Maine man and rugged
ness doesn't scare him.
Such agm a tism runs
through HALFSEE that it die
tated its existence. Greece and
Turkey are neither north nor
Atlantic; they are Balkan and
Asia Minor. But they under
stand Russian Imperialism and
their own geography. They
can, properly weaponed, seal
off the eastern end of the
Mediterranean at the Darda-
nelles. With the cooperation
OF Marshal Tito. they can
block land routes to the Medit-
terranean from the north.
They have put United States
strategic air power on the
Turkish highlands. where they
look down on vital Russian
producing areas, like the oil
center of Batum.
With similar realism the
Evening star., 1953-09-30
Doris FIeeson-

1zMIR, Turkey, Sept. 30
1zmir is the eastern end of the
long crescent of NATO de-
fenses against Russian aggres-
sion. 1t is a long way from
the amenities of life but it is
very close to the realities of
geography and Soviet power.
What the visitor finds here
is a perfect Illustration of the
truth of a blunt statement
President Eisenhower, then
NATO's first commander,
made to congressional COM
mittee: The best defense
Of any country is it's own peo-
pie defending their own homes"
When Greece and Turkey
Joined NATO, they were put to
doing exactly that with
weapons and modern war
skillS already being dissemi-
mated among them by United
States military missions. They
got the separate Izmir Com
mand - Headquarters Allied
Land Forces Southeast Europe
EEl-because they po-
litely indicated their unwill-
1ngness to serve under an
italian general, and Italians
have been given the land COM
mand by the original NATO
headquarters at Naples.
The choice of an American
was inevitable because of the
special position the United
States occupies with respect
to the two countries since
President Truman decided not
Evening star., 1953-09-30

good. One can see late motion
pictures, all the best operas, bal
lets and theatrical presentations,
and many sports events. But the
Russians have not developed any
special technique. The broad
casts are straight" often direct
from theaterS. There are no spe-
cif1c television programs as such,
and. Of course, no half-hour va
riety programs.
There is big demand for sets,
even though prices are high. The
typical set has a screen about
3h by 5 inches. It sold a few
Evening star., 1953-09-30
Dorothy Thompson
The Only Solution for Korea
" s. Proposal That Would Guarantee Military Neutrality
OF Country Seen as Advantageous to All Concerned

From early in the Korean
war it has been the viewpoint
OF this column, expressed on
numerous occasions, that peace
could be negotiated in Korea
and the country unified only
on the basis of Korean mill
tary neutrality, guaranteed by
the United States and the
Soviet Union.
The President and State
Department have now made
this proposal. There is no
other solution for Korea that
promises the independence of
the Korean nation-a wartime
objective of all the allies
and the security of all of
Korea's neighbors, China, the
Soviet Union, and Japan.
Korea, indubitably a nation,
has never had true nationhood
because she has always been a
pawn in the power politics of
stronger states. In the rivalry
between Japan and China,
each, according to. it's power
position at the time, estab-
lished suzerainty over Korea,
and each for the same reason.
AS the willing or unwilling
satellite of a hostile power,
Korea could be (and has been)
a jumping off place for armed
invasion of China and/or Rus
Sia. AS the satellite of a
power hostile to Japan, Korea
would be knife pointed at
the Japanese home islands.
The fate of Korea has thus,
for generations, been deter
mined by great power military
and strategical considerations,
based on her geographical po-
Sition.
Evening star., 1953-09-30

These also determined her
partition and the course of
the recent war. An aggressive
and expanding China in South
Korea would threaten Japan
and Southeast Asia. A power
hostile to China in North
Korea would threaten the
frontiers of China and the
U. S. S. r. The Chinese entered
the war only when the United
Nations armies moved north
across the 38th Parallel.
If the Russians have any
common sense, the indispens-
able ingredient of statesman
ship, they will welcome Mr..
Dulles overtures for the only
solution compatible with the
security of everybody con-
cerned.
1t is patiently incompatible
with American Pacific defense
to have Red China, or any
great Asiatic power, sovereign
in Korea. But it is also not
the long-range interest of the
Soviet Union to have China,
whatever the theological pat
tern of the Chinese govern
ment, established in Korea.
China will never, in the long
run, be a satellite of Russia.
Twice as populous as the
Soviet Union and far more
homogeneous. she is more
likely, in a generation or two,
to become the tail that wags
the dog. christians have
burnt each other, quite per-
suaded that all the apostles
would have done as they did"
as Byron quipped, and so have
MarXiStS. in and ont of tho
Evening star., 1953-09-30


go up in Moscow. At night their
bright colors urge Ivan Ivano-
vich-Russian equivalent of Joe
Doakes-to buy whatever the
Soviet government wants to sell
him. They say:
Put your money in savings
bank - it's reliable, convenient
and safe"
Travel by plane"
Smoke 'Dukat' cigarettes"
Buy Soviet champagne"
Invest your money in the 8
per cent state lottery loan."
Collect Soviet postage
stamps"
Buy caviar"
Wine, automobiles, soap, tooth
powder. cigars, perfume, sau-
sages, insurance-these are a
few of the products pushed.
Advertising Poor in Quality.
The advertising is mostly poor
quality-a fourth grade boy in
the United States could do bet
ter-but the odd thing is that
the advertising exists at all. In
deed, articles in the press de-
mand better ads and displays. So
does the minister of trade, Ana
stase Mikoyan. Evidently eco
nomic needs are forcing the So
Wet government to advertise in
order to sell some of its products.
In the West, advertising
changes habits, promotes new
products, introduces improve
ments in old ones. It stimulates
people to want things, and
work harder and more efficiently
to obtain them. In Russia,
where the advertising is poorly
done, his stimulus is in large
degree lacking.
The Soviet government ap-
parently realizes this. It spends
lot Of money to erect those
signs-hard experience shows
that it pays.
To see the effect of real ad-
vertising on a Russian all one
has to do is to hand him a copy
of an American publication. He
turns directly to the advertise
ments and starts looking at the
pictures of things for sale. He
begins to wonder whether life in
America is as bad as his govern
ment says-and he wants to buy
similar goods. Once that desire
to buy arises, one starts to think
about finding the money - of
working harder, If necessary,
and producing more.
Window Displays Improved.
The Soviet government is on
to this idea too, even though it
apparently does not realize how
important it can be for Soviet
economic development.
A year ago the Soviet press
Evening star., 1953-09-30

Soviet Union. Russia has
never been successfully in
vaded from the west, but she
has been conquered and SUBJ
jected from the east, where
she is extremely vulnerable,
and we may assume that
Russia's rulers are familiar
with Russian history. The
Soviet Union, unless governed
by idiots, cannot possibly be
interested in Chinese expan-
sion in this area, where the
Soviets have an eastern
frontier.
AS for Korea, her only hope
for peace, freedom and unity
is in not being the satellite Of
any great power. The whole
history of this unfortunate
country demonstrates this.
1t has been the constant
thesis of this column that
agreements between powers,
and regardless of theological
differences or sympathies, en-
dure only if it is in the mu-
tual interest to sustain them,
and that the pre-eminent in
terest is always security.
Satellites do not afford Sc
curity. No satellite depending
for it's defense upon an ex-
ternal great power is secure
because in a showdown great
powers will hesitate to risk
wars on dubious outcome to
defend them. On the other
hand, satellites do not con-
tribute to the security of great
powers, because they. to some
extent, hold the whip hand.
George Washington knew
this, but ne lived in a more
reasonable century.
Evening star., 1953-09-30
The Key to Freedom Is Faith
Americans Urged Not to Swap IdeoIism for Cynicsm
Or National Pride for ServiIe Submssiveness

Constantine Bro1Dn is on
UGc1tion. His guest columntSt
for today is John Edgar
HooUer, director OF the Fed
eral Bureau of Investigation,
10ho declares faith is the key to
freedom.)
Evening star., 1953-09-30

months ago for 1875 rubles (this
is $318.75 at the official exchange
rate, or roughly what the aver
age worker would make in two
months.
1t is hard to get. One ordi-
narily has to line up at the tele-
vision store and keep registering
Evening star., 1953-09-30

every day for several weeks. This
does not discourage buyers.
Another set. at twice the price,
can be had right off the shelf.
It's screen is roughly Az by 6.
Many workers are saving their
money for telecision sets. They
are sold only for cash.
Evening star., 1953-09-30
InfIotion-Soviet Style
By Tom Whitney

LONDON. Sept. 3O.-It pays
to advertise-even in Communist
Russia.
Ever since the end of the war
I have been watching neon signs
Evening star., 1953-09-30

This is the third in series Of articles
by Mr. Whitney, who lived nine yeors
in Moscow.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-04-01

aeoff driven; designed exclusively operation
behind modern tractors.
81 Two forward speeds in conjunction with seective
tractor speeds the right reel speed for every crop
condition.
- Reverse gear instantly tedder for
hurry-up curing.
~ Handy angles teeth correctly rakng or
tedding.
Fixed wheels true and straight
follow single double windrows.
- It's tractorspeed rake 33 roller BEARINGS rubber
tires; 3-point suspension.
Chalmers dealer about this hay-savng rake
Also available with front and single wheels.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-04-01

If you have had alfalfa Weevi1 dam
age in the past it is certainly advis-
able to treat.
I have a field which was seeded last
fall. Do I need TO treat this new
seeding?
If you are in an area of alfalfa
weevil infestation it appears that the
chances are about $3.50 that this
new seeding will be infested the first
year. Cost of control is relatively
cheap and usually good insurance.
Is it safe TO leave livestock on
treated fields?
This situation has not been thor
oughly tested though a number of
cases are known where livestock
have been left on treated fields
with no apparent i'll effects. To be
on the safe side it would be advisable
to follow the official recommendation
of not allowing livestock on fields
which are treated for two weeks to
80 days.
I usually renovate my fields in the
spring. Will this effect my alfalfa
weevil spraying?
Part of one of Mr.. Hastings test
plots was renovated just before and
another part just after spraying for
alfalfa weevil control. In this par
ticular plot the renovation did not
appear to affect the weevil control.
To be on the safe side it may be adj
visable to delay renovation for seven
to ten days after spraying for alfalfa
Weevil control.
Is it necessary 10 treat every year
for alfalfa weevil?
AS far as is known at present,
treated fields may be re-infested
later in the summer or in the fall
Montana farmer-stockman., 1953-04-01
Insect Control
Alfalfa Weevils
Insect Control
By ]. P. CORKINS

ALFALFA WEEVILS can be con-
trolled. Here is a list of pertinent
questions brought out by growers
at a series of rural meetings held
this spring on the subject of control.
The answers will help summarize
for any one who has a weevil prob
lem the steps to be taken to meet it.
When should treat my alfalfa?
The alfalfa should be treated the
first time from now on that the
ground is cleared of snow, the fields
are dry enough to drive over with
pickup truck and the air temper
atures are so degrees or higher.
Treatment should be applied before
the alfalfa is l to 112 inches in
height.
What should use TO treat my al
falfa?
If you are treating with a ground
sprayer you should apply either 4
ounces of Dieldrin per acre or 4
ounces of heptachlor per acre in 10
to Is gallons of water per acre.
If your spraying is being done by
aircraft you should use ounces
of Dieldrin per acre or ounces of
heptachlor per acre applied in gal
Ions of oil per acre.
Is airplane spraying as good as
ground spraying?
Mr.. Hastings has found that air.
plane spraying properly done, using
gallons of oil per acre and ounces
of Dieldrin per acre or ounces of
heptachlor per acre gives results just
as good as spraying with ground
equipment.
How do know if need TO treat?
The only basis for determining the
need of treatment is past experience
Evening star., 1953-02-22
JUNIOR DRESSES

30 Royon and ocetote toiIe. crepe. royon toffeto
dresses n ! and piece styles; solid eoors; lO95to
9-l5 ----- -~., '4.e5 500
45 Royon and oceotes, royon toffetos. lOOoo
wooIs, orion and woseds, velvet and
foie conbnotion dresses; nony styles dessy l4e5to
and cosuol; e-I3 - = - 22.e5 500
10 Evening Skirts nNon net; few stropless
evening dresses group broken sizes, 9-l3- 1926 500
Lunsburoh hs-JUNIOR DRESSES-Second Floor
Evening star., 1953-02-22
WoMEN'S DRESSES


"A eovon and ocetote creces few loooo wools l4e5 to
broken sizes, l4l7-24I1, 35-4o ------- $500 500
o%on prints and solid eoIors broken 1850
women's sizes, l4l2-241z 38-44 29.75 900
sburqhs-WOMENS DRESSES-Second Floor
Evening star., 1953-09-23
Nixon Praises u. N.
As Vital 10 World
By the Asseeiaisd Pres,

UNITED NATIONS. N. Y,
Sept 23.-Vice President Nixon
yesterday hailed the U. N. as a
vital and living organization. "
Paying his first visit to the
world organization, Mr. Nixon
said no one who visits the i'm
pressive" U. N. buildings--even if
he sees only empty committee
rooms-can fail to realize This
fact.
Mr.. Nixon attended a meeting
of the 15-nation steering COM
mittee which was considering a
Soviet move to reopen General
Assembly debate on composition
OF the Korean peace conference.
He called the proceedings
"businesslike and dignif1ed" but
said he had heard they werer t
80 dignified on other occa-
sions."
Mr.. Nixon said he admired the
way Mrs. Vitaja Lakshmi Pandit
of India presided over the ses-
sion and said he took particular
note of that since Il am a pre-
siding officer myself" Mr.. Nixon
presides over Senate sessions.
The Vice President toured
U. N headquarters and paid al
most as much attention to the
thousands of tourists jamming
the place as they did to him.
: He said he hoped that as
more and more people became
aware Of the work of the United
Nations, the number will grow
Evening star., 1953-09-23
Iran Reported Asking
That MossadeghH Hang
By the Associeted Press

TEHERAN, Iran. Sept. %
An informed army source said
today that Trans government
would ask a military court to
sentence ex-Premier Mohammed
Mossadegh to hang on charges
to be. announced probably in
Three or four days"
(This report from Teheran ap-
peared to discount a dispatch
from the Iranian capital to the
London Daily Express today that
the ex-Premier had been SEN
fenced on Tuesday to hang at the
conclusion of a three-Week secret
trial There was no immediate
comment from Teheran on the
Express report)
The army source said the
government still had not decided
whether Mossadegh's trial would
be held secretly or in public.
The Shah 10 days ago ordered
that Mossadegh be tried by a
court-martial for his refusal on
August 16 to obey the rulers
decree replacing him as Premier
by Gen. Fazollah Zahedi and his
subsequent actions. Mossadegh
was arrested August 20, the day
after a public uprising-in which
800 persons were killed-swept
him out of Office and put Gen.
Zahedi in.
Evening star., 1953-09-23
Socialists S Denmark Lead
May Bar U. 5. JET Bases
BY the Associated Pres.

PARIS. Sept. 23.-The Social
ist lead in the Danish elections
today dampened NATO hopes of
statipning two United States Air
Force jet fighter wings on Dan
ish bases.
Allied military leaders call
Denmark the weakest link in the
4.OOO-mile NATO defense line.
1t doesn't have the resources to
defend itself
Yet, because of internal poll
tics, Denmark has stalled of a
NATO offer to put between $50
and 200 American planes on its
seven airbases.
The Socialists renounced their
support of Premier Erik Erik
sens NATO policies during the
election campaign.
The small Liberal Party, which
may now hold the balance of
power in Danish politics as the
result of yesterdays balloting,
has been anti-NATO from the
start.
When NATO offered to put two
American jet fighter wings on
Danish airf1elds more than a
year ago Denmark's coalition
government backed the offer.
The Socialists approved in prin-
ciple, then made a complete re-
verSal.
Evening star., 1953-09-23
Canada Wont Fight
For Rhee in Korea,
Pearson Tells U. n.
BY the Associated Pres.

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y,
Sept. 23.-F'oreign Secretary
Lester B. Pearson of Canada
told the U. N. General Assembly
today Canadian troops would
fight in Korea only in "a United
Nations action" He specifically
excepted military unification of
Korea as a U. N. aim for which
Canada would battle.
Mr.. Pearson's warning was
considered here to be directed at
South Korean President Syng-
man Rhee. who has demanded
that the U. N. allies help him
drive the Communists from
North Korea by military means.
The Canadian diplomat, max
ing his first u. N. speech since
he retired as president of the
Assembly, said the projected
Korean political conference
could settle the problem IF
there is good faith and good will
on both sides"
Unity Should be Aim.
He said the aim of the con-
ference should be "a free and
united Korea, with a government
resting on the will of the Korean
people freely expressed through
elections held under United Ma
tions supervision. All foreign
forces should, of course, be with
drawn and Korea's security
might be provided for under an
international and supervised
guarantee"
Plans, meanwhile, went ahead
to keep the composition of the
conference out of U. N. debate.
The allied strategy, repeatedly
supported by the other IA U. N.
members which sent troops to
Korea, is to shove any discussion
of Korea to last place on the
agenda of the U. MS 60-nation
Political Committee.
That would postpone further
U. N. talk about Korea until
we'll after the tentative October
28 starting date for the peace
conference.
Would Block Vishinsky.
Such a postponement would
thwart Chief Soviet Delegate An
drei Y. Vishinsky's plans, an
nounced yesterday, to revive in
the political committee his de-
mandS that the U. N. discuss
Communist China's bid for India
and other neutrals to attend the
conference.
The fight over more Korean
discussion is expected to hit the
committee floor as soon as the
members statements of general
policy are concluded. These
statements are due to be wound
up by the end of the week.
The United States trounced
an identical Vishinsky demand
for Korean debate yesterday in
both the steering committee and
the General Assembly. United
States sources were reported
confident they could win a third
round also. ....
Conference Can Decide.
Chief United States Delegate
Henry Cabot Lodge, jr., sug-
gested yesterday that once the
conference opens, it's members
can decide for themselves wheth-
er they want to invite neutrals
Mr.. Lodges statement pleased
many delegates who had origi-
nally supported attendance by
India and possibly other neu-
trails. 1t left open, however. the
question of what South Korea
would do if the conference de-
cided to expand itself to include
such countries. South Korean
spokesmen already have in
dicated their government would
agree to India's attending the
conference only if the Indians
sat on the Communist side. No
body expects the Indians to
agree to that.
Evening star., 1953-09-23
Bigger Role in u. n.
For Asian Countries
Demanded by Nehru
By the Asseeioted Press

NEW DELHI, India, Sept. %.
Prime Minister Nehru today
demanded a bigger role for Asia
in the United Nations.
Opening a debate on foreign
affairs in the Upper House of
Parliament, he called for inclu-
sion of neutral countries in the
Korean political conference and
asserted:
1T does not seem proper that
problems intimately affecting
Asia, problems which are in fact
of Asia. should be disposed of
largely by ignoring Asia"
Pakistan Term Expiring.
Mr.. Nehru also pointed out that
Pakistan's term on the U. N.
Security Council will expire De-
cember 81 and that Asia will
then be represented solely by
the. government of Formosa (Na-
tionaliSt China and Lebanon" "
Leave out FormoSa because
that does not represent any part
of Asia but itself, if it does rep
resent that. Now, Lebanon is an
excellent country, but it is rath-
er a big burden on Lebanon" he
commented.
Nehru declared that 'it is 60
ing to be less and less feasible
for any world organization to
function in this way or to con-
slider Asia only as a playground
for their politics or their con-
f1ictS
Won't Seek Seat This Year.
He said India would not seek
election to the Security Council
this year, though I cannot say
about the future"
The Prime Minister announced
that India has invited Red China
to hold talks on India's relations
with her big northern neighbor,
Peiping controlled Tibet. He
said that India has no desire Ito
claim any position in Tibet
which may not be consistent
with Chinese sovereignty there"
Evening star., 1953-09-23
New Red Transmitters
Reported in Germany
BY the AssocIoted Press

BERLIN, Sept. % (P.-The
Russian zone has completed a
powerful new transmitter and is
building two more to carry radio
propaganda farther west, the
West Berlin newspaper Der
Abend reported today.
The newspaper said a 100000
watt transmitter recently began
operating at Dresden. Another
transmitter of the same power
is to be inaugurated October l
at Schwerin, while a 100000
watt transmitter will be COM
pleted in November at Burg.
Both Schwerin and Burg are
less than 40 miles east of the
western border.
The new 500,000-watt station
would be the strongest in Eu-
rope after Radio Moscow. The
Vests most powerful station in
Germany. the American-spon-
sored Rias in West Berlin, oper-
ates at 100000 watts.
Evening star., 1953-09-23
Rhee Plans How 10 Use
S629 Million U. 5. Aid
By the Asseeiated Press

SEOUL. Sept. 23-The South
Korean finance ministry said to-
day President Rhee has indorsed
specific proposals for spending
S629 million in United States
aid.
The proposals will be for
warded in a few days to Wash
ington.
The South Korean government
will recommend that the $629
million available during the
bookkeeping year ending next
June be distributed as follows:
l. $198 million for rebuilding
industry.
2. $13O million for military aid.
3. $50 million for civilian re-
lief.
4. $240 million for reconStruc-
ton materials and consumer
goods.
Evening star., 1953-09-23
Eight Catholic Priests Held
As Spies by China Reds
BY the Associated Press

HONG KONG, Sept. 23.-The
Communist Peoples Daily of
Peiping which arrived today said
eight Catholic priests have been
arrested in Red China's Hopei
province on charges of conduct
ing secret subversive activities
of imperialist elements under
cover of the church"
The newspaper said the priests,
five of them Chinese, included
the acting bishop and superior
of the Jesuit mission in Hsien
HSien diocese. Changsu Chen,
who received his professional
training in Rome during 1948."