davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-08-18
Light Plane Forced Down
Off Rohoboth; 7 Swim In
spseioI pispoieh TO The ssor

REHOBOTH BEACH, DEL.
Aug. 18.-Two men crash-landed
their light plane in the ocean
about q mile of shore yesterday
during a severe electrical storm.
The men were returning from
a trip to New Jersey when they
ran into the storm while seach-
ing for the Reh6both Airport.
They decided to ditch the plane
because Of the storm and the
poor visibility.
The pilot was listed as Burke
Pullman. 26. Of Montrose, N. Y,
a summertime employe at Re-
hoboth Airport. His passenger
was j. David Hartman, %, of
Lewes, Del.
The two struggled ashore and
came into the lobby of the Hotel
Henlopen about 4 am. They
told two desk clerks that they
had managed to stay afloat and
swim ashore.
Mr.. Pullman suffered a frac-
tured nose and possible concus-
sion. Mr.. Hartman is under
observation for a wrenched back.
Both men also are suffering
from shock. They estimated
they had been in the water
about two hours after the land
ing.
Evening star., 1953-08-18
West Germany 10 Give
Medal 10 D. {. Woman

The Federal Republic of Ger
many will award its Cross of
Merit to Mrs. Jouett Shouse,
Washington civic leader, tomor-
row for her work in behalf of
German youth organizations.
A ceremony will be held at
1890 pm. tomorrow at 1744
r street NV. with Heinz L.
Krekeler, Charge D'Affaires of
the Diplomatic Mission of the
Federal Republic of Germany,
making the presentation.
Mrs. Shouse is chairman of
the General Clay Fund for Ger
man Youth Activities. The or
ganization raises funds and ma
terials for some 73 youth centers
in the American zone of Ger
many.
DR.. Johannes Balser, second
secretary Of the mission, said
Mrs Shouse had done magnif1-
cient work for the German youth.
He said the award is being made
as a token of appreciation from
Germany.
Evening star., 1953-08-18
Irises Traced to Eost

NEW YORK.-Ancestors of the
modern iris grown in the United
States can be traced back to the
shores of the Mediterranean and
the area eastward through Asia
Minor to China.
Evening star., 1953-08-18
lnfrured, Radio Spectrums

BOSTON.-1he infrared spect-
rum stretches out to wavelengths
OF about three one-hundredths of
a centimeter before it merges
with the short-wave radio spect-
rum.
Evening star., 1953-11-20

ON BOARD SHIP RETURN
ING FROM EUROPE - The
American taxpayer has spent
nearly $400 million since 1947
in what is described as "di-
rect" propaganda abroad. The
purpose of this costly opera
ton was twofold: l.. To ex-
pose the big Communist lie
to the enslaved peoples behind
the Iron Curtain. 2. To con-
solidate Americas ties with her
allies by bonds of permanent
friendship.
The propaganda has had
some measure of success in
the satellite countries. The
uprisings in East Germany,
CzechoSlovakia and Poland
could be attributed in some
degree to continual pound
ings of the Voice of America
over the air waves. But the
results of our propaganda in
the allied countries in West
ern Europe have been negative,
to say the least.
On the admission of many
American and foreign observ-
ers, American prestige and
influence have been losing
ground in Europe for more
than three years despite the
billions of dollars spent for
economic and military assist
ance. But it is in the last IL
months that we have reached
a low even in Britain, France
and Italy-to mention only the
major Western allies.
This remarkable phenome-
non is being explained by those
responsible for our propaganda
in Europe as the result Of:
l. Congressional "niggardli-
ness" when it reduced the MSA
appropriations. 2. The "dra-
conian" McCarran immigra-
tion law and "McCarthyism."
Both. many of these Ameri-
can officials say, are soaring
the European liberals and Gre
ate the impression that Amer
lea is now leaning toward
Fascism or NaziiSm.
Many responsible European
politicians are convinced that
Mccarthy, backed by a hand
full of reactionaries, is striv-
ing to get into the White
House. Some of your lead
ing political commentators are
exposing this mans ambitions"
they say.
Evening star., 1953-11-20
Constantine Brown
S4OO Million for Propaganda
Accomplishments Of Voice Of America in West Europe
Called Less Than Negative; Two Reasons Given

The bitter propaganda
against the McCarran Immi-
grafton Act was spread in Eu-
rope through many speeches
made by it's opponents on the
floor of the Senate. These
speeches were faithfully re-
ported in European papers and
were headlined by many neu-
tralist organs of public opin-
ion. There was no effort
whatsoever on the part of the
watchdogs of our public rela-
tions abroad to Offset these
political speeches made for
home consumption.
"The public relations officers
could not intervene" this re-
porter was informed, because
the previous and the present
executive branch of the Gov
ernment did not favor the
new immigration act" Hence
they had to remain neutral
even in their private conver-
sations with Western Euro
pean editorial writer's, who alb
sorbed only one side of the
story and presented it to their
public.
Insofar as McCarthyism is
concerned, there are indica-
tions that the propaganda
against the Wisconsin Senator
has been helped both openly
and under cover by a number
OF men who are expected to
present America in a most ia
vorable light. These are either
ideologically opposed to the
"spray-gun" campaign against
the Communists in the Gov
ernment and honestly regard
it as an interference with free
dom of thought or are afraid
that they may soon become
McCarthy's targets and their
pleasant jobs in Europe would
thus be jeopardized.
In their passion against
Mccarthy, the public relations
officers fail to realize that their
support of this propaganda
hurts the United States more
than it does Mccarthy person.
ally. Not the slightest effort
Is being made by these men
paid by the taxpayers to off
set what is, after all, a domes-
tic issue. The fact that the
propaganda of the European
Communists and neutralists is
Evening star., 1953-11-20
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

The State Department asks let United
States Senators quiz Igor Gozenko spies It's emergency
The G. O. p is rapidly depicting its stockple domestic
The Agriculture Department has record 81 billion
tied in farm price supports There's question whether
the farmer is mad at Washington because he's
because he's taxpayer.
Federal officials testify juvenile delinquency It's
partisan problem Each party convinced the
proves what happens to juvenile delnquents
Democratic Senator Humphrey Ikes headed
for the goal posts Democrats
Republicans have stolen their stuff Instead running up
the score, they're running the deficit
The CIO calls repeal the Hartley
is willing to halfway with the Republican Party-and
so per cent of the goth century repealed.
Democratic Senator Burke Ohio Ike hasn't adopted
McCarym Burke depores guilt by association because
he's known Democrat doesn't he is
Gov Dewey of New York takes vacation There's
doubt Dewey will again. Running has become odashoned
in New York politics politicians have in for
trotting.
Evening star., 1953-11-20

continuation of the present
2712 per cent depletion allow
ance for oil producers. Some
estimates are that this deple-
ton allowance costs the Treas
ury as much as $75 million a
year. The allowance, a war
time measure, was made to
encourage the search for oil
in continental United States.
There is no fighting war on and
the abundance of oil is so great
that cutbacks resulted. How
the industry and the Treasury
can justify the continuance of
this allowance will be an inter-
esting item before Congress.
Liberals and labor will be glad
to see the depletion allowance
go. They have suspected that
some of the money saved from
taxes has been going into cam
paigns for conservative candi-
dates of both parties.
The industry will be in there
pitching again for a new ver-
sion of the Kerr bill, once
passed but vetoed by President
Truman, which would free
natural gas from regulation by
the Federal Power Commission.
The conjunction of a Re-
publican President and a Re-
publican Congress may not last
long. The oil and gas industry
therefore plan to make hay
while the sun shines.
Evening star., 1953-11-20
y.
White Will Be an Issue in 1854
Republicans May Be Forced Not to Forget This Case,
Since Democrats Will Campaign Against Mccarthy
Dovid Lawrence

Certainly the Communist
inflltration in the Govern
ment during the Truman ad-
ministration will be an issue
in the 1854 congressional elec-
tions-for the simple reason
that the Democrats involun-
tarily are making it an issue.
The Democrats under the
Truman-Stevenson leadership
are still taking the side of the
argument that the Communist
infiltration was exaggerated
and that it was always just a
political "red herring" Like
wise, these same Democrats
evidently believe that "anti-
McCarthyism" which they
have been expounding for
some months now-is good as
a political issue. This means
that the Republicans naturally
will counter with charges of
lack of vigor by the Demo-
cratic. administrations in fer
reting out Communists.
If President Eisenhower is
naive enough to believe that
the Democrats will keep quiet
about the "anti-McCarthyism"
issue in 1854, he is very much
mistaken. Likewise, the Re-
publicans, of course, wherever
there's a doubt will ask every
candidate for Congress to
stand up and be counted on
whether he stands with Tru-
man on the Harry Dexter
White issue or against him.
AS for Mr.. Truman, he made
sure that communism in Gov
ernment would be an issue in
the coming C "a m paign by
charging in his Nationwide
broadcast last Monday night
that the Eisenhower admins
tration had embraced Nc
Carthyism." This gives the
Republicans the best opening
they had in months because, if
"McCarthyism" can be defined
as demagoguery, then "Tru-
manism" is much worse be-
cause it includes not only
demagoguery but a soft atti-
tude toward Communist in
filtration in Government as
evidenced by the revelations
in the Harry Dexter White
Evening star., 1953-11-20

foreign investments, care for
this not at all. In this they are
supported by the State and
Interior Departments, one con-
cerned with keeping Middle
Eastern and South American
producing nations contented,
the other with oil supplies as
a measure of defense.
When Trans Abadan refin-
cry, largest in the world, was
closed down in nationaliza-
ton procedures, oil companies
with holdings in Saudi Arabia
and elsewhere in the Middle
East hurried to increase pro-
duction, with the warm en-
couragement of the Govern
ment, to make up for the loss
in the free worlds oil supplies.
The loss was more than made
up with a rapidity which must
have astonished Mossadegh.
The world no longer needs
Abadan'S production, but the
free world eventually must
nevertheless absorb enough of
it to keep Iran stable and out
of the Communist grip, once
the dispute between Iran and
Britain is ironed out. That is
confidently expected.
Thus the industry, will not be
united in the appeal for import
quotas. 1t is likely. however,
to be united in asking for a
Evening star., 1953-11-20

hurting America appears Of
secondary Importance to them.
1t is not the spirit of 1776
but that of 1948 which still
generally prevails in many Of
the public relations Offices in
embassies in Europe. For in
stance, only last month large
pictures of former President
Truman and former Secretary
of State AcheSon were on the
walls of the architectural mon
strosity which houses the high
commission in Bonn. Only in
the hall leading to the high
commissioners Office were two
hung photographs Of Presi-
dent Eisenhower and Secretary
Dulles. Outside the door
of the public relations Of
flee was a large picture Of
Mr.. Acheson seated in front
of a battery of microphones.
When the official was asked
whether perchance he had
heard that there was a new
administration in Washington
he replied that he had not
noticed the picture. Anyhow,
he added. the pictures were the
business of another official.
Information reached your re-
porter later that Truman and
AcheSon had been removed
from the walls and Washing
ton was asked to forward ;
some blow-ups of the present
Chief Executive and his Sec
retary of State.
This may be considered as q
trivial incident. But it does
explain to some extent the
lackadaisical attitude of those
who are supposed to oppose the
anti-American propaganda re-
gardless of who is in Office in
Washington or what political
issues exist at home. One Of
these Well-paid officials told
this reporter What do you ex-
pect from men who feel them
selves under death sentence
by Mccarthy"
This attitude can be found
among many press relations
officers. On the desk of one
Of them stood a toy statue of
an Indian with his hands and
feet tied to a pole. Above and
around his head were a couple
of arrows and a tomahawk.
This" he said. "is an allie
gorical statue of myself and all
other public relations officers"
Evening star., 1953-11-20

been injured. AS one former
American diplomat here said
the other day: Never has so
much prestige been lost so
often"
What Europeans think of
Americans is colored by the
left-wingers abroad, plus a
number of disgruntled Ameri-
cans who have been fired from
their posts in an attempt to
reduce the waste of American
taxpayers money.
Fortunately, Lord Beaver
brook and other publishers
abroad are beginning to see
the anti-Communist fight in
side America as something
more than "hysteria," TO
mented allegedly by those who
want to deprive innocent PER-
sons of their liberties. Fortu-
nately also, the knowledge
that Klaus Fuchs, a British
citizen, was cleared by the
British government to work in
an American atomic energy
project and then transmitted
the secret of the atom bomb to
Soviet Russia is beginning
to take a rightful place in
the controversy over whether
enough vigilance has been ex-
ercised by the press in some
of the countries where criti-
cism of America is so cften
voiced.
The whole controversy over
Communists inside the Amer
lean, British and Canadian
governments is a tragic one,
and it is evident that Attor-
ney General Brownell's speech
was timely. For there are too
many on the Democratic Party
and So-called liberal" side
who still pooh-pooh the whole
thing as a "red herring" for
political purposes. That's why,
If only to arouse America to
the peril-which still exists
it will be an issue in the next
campaign unless a new and
awakened leadership in the
Democratic Party gets the
upper hand over the left
wing" groups led by Messrs.
Truman and Stevenson.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1953-11-20
Ihon1Qs [. Stokes
Jenner Realizes an Ambition
Indiana Republican Had Stor Never in a Mccarthy
Cast: Hoover With BrowneI for Good Measured

so much bigger stuff than the
haplesS schoolteachers Sena-
tor Jenner was dragging in
few weeks ago in his investi-
cation of alleged communism
in our schools and colleges.
Joe Mccarthy never had j.
Edgar Hoover as a star. SEN
ator Jenner also had Attorney
General Brownell, still less
known nationally than the
FBI chief but forging swiftly
forward because he took on,
and drew blood from, a former
President of the United States.
The Indiana Senator did, in
deed, have a cast to make any
impresario happy, and he
plainly was that, though he
handled his TV and radio
show in his grim, precise and
clear-cut manner to give it
such dignity and tone as the
circumstances would permit.
What a build-up he gave it,
too, comparable to the circus
ads from THE greatest show
on earth!" He called the spy
ring" story that has been re-
peated here over and over in
the last several years "a con-
Summate and monStrous con-
Spiracy that had great effect
in changing the course of his
tory" in a formal statement
he read at the outset of his
hearing.
Senator Jenner is just as
facile with exaggeration and
hyperbole as is Joe Mccarthy,
that is. in his public speeches,
as, for example, his vicious
attack on Gen. George c.
Marshall which went Senator
McCarthy'S attack on that
same great figure one or two
better. But Senator Jenner
has a reputation as being
more careful and cautious in
his investigations, or at least,
unlike his Wisconsin colleague,
he is not given to sensational
announcements of findings in
advance to catch the headlines
which he can not prove later,
which is the Mccarthy tech.
Evening star., 1953-11-20
Cambridge Man Slain;
Police Seek Hitchhiker
By the Assoeiaisd Press

EASTON, Md, Nov. 20.-A a.
State alarm for man known
only as "Blackie" was broadcast
by Maryland State police today
after a Cambridge man was shot
and killed by a hitchhiker who
stole his automobile.
Howard Lee Coleman, jr., 80,
died in Cambridge General Hos
pital.
The police broadcast described
the wanted man as being tall and
slender and wearing an over
coat and 'dungarees.
Mr.. Coleman told police he
picked up a rider near Cam
bridge last night and drove him
to fredericksburg tavern. After
several hours they started back.
A mile north of East New
Market, Mr.. Coleman related,
they stopped and the hitchhiker
shot him five times with a .38-
caliber pistol. He crawled to a
farmhouse and police were sum-
moned.
Evening star., 1953-11-20

case. Nobody can accuse Nc
Carthy of softness toward
Communists in Government.
Mr.. Truman's record of
"politeness" or courtesy" not
only wasn't manifested in his
broadcast when he said the
Attorney General lied" but
his speeches before have been
filled with similar epithets
about his opponents. Back in
the 1948 campaign, he cast
some doubts on the loyalty of
Gov. Dewey and in the 1852
campaign he issued a state
ment referring to Gen. Eisen-
hower'S utteranceS in one in
stance as thoroughly dis
honest"
With all the talk about the
dignity of former Presidents
who don't want to respond to
congressional subpoenas where
they can be examined under
oath, it doesn't become Mr..
Truman to say the Attorney
General lied" when he denied
any intention to impugn Mr..
Truman'S loyalty. Mr.. Brow
nell didn't hit back by refus-
ing to accept as true Mr.. Tru-
mans belated denial that he
fired White when he found
him disloyal. Mr.. Truman de-
scribed that comment as an
error" and Mr.. Brownell
ignored it.
One of the tragic aspects of
the whole controversy is the
way partisanS have immedi-
ately jumped to the defense
of Mr.. Truman without watt
ting to hear all the facts. The
press abroad, with some ex-
ceptionS. did this. Dispatches
as usual came from Britain,
France and Germany saying
American prestige" had been
damaged by the Attorney
Generals speech. Every time
something happens in America
by way of an attack on the
Truman administration, the
European press = which re-
members gratefully the bill
lions spent abroad by that
administration promptly
jumps on the Republicans and
says American prestige has
Evening star., 1953-11-20
Thomas L. Stokes

Introducing, in the center
ring
Senator William E. Jenner
of Bedford, Ind.
You might as we'll become
accustomed to the name-the
home folks call him Bill
for from now on you are going
to hear it often and see it in
print extensively. Not that
Bill Jenner hasn't been al
ready a figure of consequence
around the United States Sen
ate, and had his name and pic
ture in the newspapers.
But now, as a result of the
Harry Dexter White case
and attendant circumstances
favorable to him, Senator Jen-
ner is in a fair way, or so his
friends are saying, of becoming
the central figure of the, sena-
torial Communist investigating
apparatus and thus pre-
empting the No. l spot occu-
pied heretofore by Senator Joe
Mccarthy of Wisconsin. The
latter won't let the contest go
by default naturally; but Bill
Jenner holds some good cards.
Lucky for him, the Indiana
Senator some time back Steered
the Internal Security Subcom-
mittee, of which he is chair
man, into a retake of the
familiar "Spy ring" story in
which Harry Dexter White is a
character. Consequently, he
was all ready to carry on when
Attorney General Brownell dug
up the White case again to at
tack former President Truman.
That suited the Attorney Gen
eral, too, because the adminis-
tration wants to shove Joe Nc
Carthy out of the picture. He's
coming to be regarded as a
liability.
So, very much to Senator
Jenner'S liking, his longtime
dream came true and he found
himself last week at the head
Of the table directing a dra-
matte production that sur
passed anything Joe Mccarthy
has put on in a long time, and
Evening star., 1953-11-20
Doris FIeeson-
Some New Aims Of the Oil Men
Industry Is Split Import Quota Question: but Undivided
On Keeping Depletion Allowance and Enocting Kerr Bill

The oil industry, which got
the biggest bonanza of all in
the last session of Congress
passage of the bill giving tide
lands oil resources to the
StateS-will have another
legislative load for considera-
ton when Congress comes back
in January.
The industry, which uSu-
ally manages to get most
favored-industry treatment
from the lawmakers, currently
suffers an embarrassment of
riches. Oil, domestic and
foreign, is running out of its
ears. This at a time when the
annual growth of consumption
In the United States, usually
a safe 6 per cent, is slowing
down. and there is no longer
an oil-eating war going on in
Korea. Already the major oil
producing States-Texas, Lou
isiana, Oklahoma and Kan
sas-have cut production as
have others.
This has led to demands on
the part of many independent
oil producers for a strict i'm
port quota on foreign oil. Most
of them want imports limited
to 10 per cent of United States
production. Big companies like
Standard of New Jersey and
the Texas Company, with huge
Evening star., 1953-11-20
Dorothy Thompson
Just How Influential Was White?.
Congressional Committees Held Unable to Uncover
Whole Story Of Who Fothered Morgenthou Plan

where a powerful Communist
party was already plotting
against Benes and Masaryk.
Russia. the only great military
power on the continent, as
sisted by these cohorts, would.
in this plan, occupy and rule
the central power of Europe,
which was to have no central
government, and be doomed
to mass unemployment, the
Communist influence being
offset only by France. Holland,
Norway and Belgium. AMI
was to go home!
If this was not a formula
for insuring Russian domina-
ton of Europe, what was it?
F. D. r., who pushed the
plan in Quebec, soon dropped
it, according to Mr.. Sherwood,
for no plan. But much of it
was retained in the Potsdam
agreement, as Mr.. Morgenthau
boasts in his book, and Nor
genthau boys" as their op-
ponents dubbed them, were
initially strong in civilian
branches of American occupa-
ton forces-in information
control, and the "decarteliza-
ton" branch, especially. These.
by my own findings in nu-
merous visits. were invariably
pro-RuSSian, some frankly pro-
Communist, and several were
members either of the Ameri-
can Communist Party or Ger
man Communist refugees"
who had returned with the
American armies.
Congressional committees,
calling witnesses, will never,
in my opinion. uncover the
whole story. Too many people,
by no means all Democrats"
pushed the plan. If any wit
ness should be called on Mr..
Whites role, it should OBJ
viously be Mr.. Morgenthau. I
would particularly like to hear
whether he thought up all by
himself the paragraph quoted
and what he thinks of it to-
day. And it might also be asked
why the Treasury Department
should have sought, in this
most critical of matters. to
usurp and override the func-
tions of State and Defense.
The greatest lack. since the
war. has been unprejudiced,
objective historians. With the
exception of a few who have
turned their attention to the
Far East. the war period has
produced only court" histori-
ans. who have either them
selves been parti pris to events.
or apologists for those who
were. Those, also, who have at
tempted to probe into events,
regardless of whose OK might
be gored in the process, have
been surrounded by a veritable
conspiracy of silence.
But historic truth is the only
guide a nation possesses, as a
warning of pitfalls, and against
a repetition of past errors.