davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

there is overlapping, and
sometimes conflict. in such an
arrangement. Some evidence
of this has come to the surface
recently in the delicate mat
ter of directing the loyalty and
security program.
Even. when the Secretary is
in Washington he may be so
busy with diplomatic problems
he can afford scant time for
administrative matters. The
Undersecretary responsible for
administrations job created
by the McCarran Act of 1852
often feels that he lacks suffi-
cient authority to dispose Of
''hot" cases involving the sus-
pension or dismissal of officials.
In such cases. therefore, he is
inclined to defer to the Under
secretary for Political Affairs,
who is regarded as the Secre-
tary's right-hand man.
The result of this situation
has been that many important
decisions are long delayed in
an unending round of buck
passing. Senators and Repre-
SentativeS most interested in
the cleaning up" process in
the department are increas-
ingly irked by the chronic in
decision of top-level officials.
They are beginning to prod
the Secretary. who thus finds
himself beset with internal adj
ministrative matters in the
midst of efforts to guide the
Nations foreign policy safely
through most threatening
times. Partially because of
this unhappy division of re-
sponsibility, both present
Undersecretaries are reported
about ready to give up the
struggle. The decision of
Undersecfetary for Admins
tration Donald Lourie to return
to private life sometime in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
The British Hand in u. S. Policy
American Forces Seen Unlikely to Receive Support
From Allies if We Have to Fight Again in Asio
Dovid Lawrence

The American people are not
being given all the facts con-
corning the grave situation
that has arisen in Indo-C China.
officials here are not only
minimizing what Is happening
there but they are issuing
warnings to the Communists
about a possible retaliatory
action which has no sanction
from the United Nations or
from the Is nations which
fought against the Reds in
Korea.
The Associated Press carried
on the night Of December 90
these three statements which
were front-paged on many Of
the newspapers from coast to
coast:
Secretary Of State Dulles
warned today American air
and naval power might strike
at the China mainland If
Chinese troops openly inter-
vene in Indo- China or resume
the war in Korea.
Dulles remarks reinforced
a similar warning he issued in
a speech at the American Le-
gion convention in st. Louis
last September
I'm recalling this warning
today. Dulles said any renewal
OF hoStilitieS in Korea or a
Chinese Communist attack in
1ndo = China would bring an
American reaction not neces-
sarily confined to the partic-
ular area the Communists
choose to make the theater Of
their new aggression"
The foregoing statements
would be meaningful were it
not for the fact that after the
Is nations had issued on
August Z their declaration of
July 81 saving they would re-
sumo hoStilities if the Korean
truce were broken and warn
ing the Reds that they would
have to carry the war to China
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
British Manufacturers
Advised 10 Increase
Trade With Red Bloc
By the Assoeioted Press

LONDON, Dec. 31.-A British
industry advisory group has
urged Britain's manufacturers to
make vigorous efforts to increase
their trade in strategic items
with Communist China and the
Soviet bloc.
But the group, a special panel
of the Federation of British In
dustries cautioned yesterday that
trade with the Communists could
no longer account for even a
comparatively modest proper
ton" Of Britain's total CONNER
cial flow. The Reds, they ex-
planned, don't have the agricul-
tural exports Britain needs and
have regarded their economy
to gain independence Of the
West.
Politics Ruled Out.
The panel said East West trade
should receive consideration "un-
inhibited by political preconcep-
TONS" 1t asserted any feeling
that such dealings are unpatri-
otto "shoulR be emphatically dis
PEELED"
The report said the federation
also should keep under review
present controls on trade with
Red China so the British govern
ment could be asked to relax
them If peace comes in Korea.
Present controls forbid trade
in goods designated as having
strategic value.
The group, obviously referring
to recent propaganda from Mos
COW and Peiping. warned: "One
may reject inflated notions of
the proportions which trade be-
tween the United Kingdom and
the Soviet bloc and China are
likely to assume.
The panel expressed doubt,
for example, that China could
sustain an annual trading pro-
gram with Britain of rs to 100
million pounds ($210 to $3.50
million) which interested prop
uganda claims as possible"
Cites Red Trade Moves.
The report cited these factors
limiting British trade with the
Reds:
/. Trade between Russia and
her satellites has been stepped
up tenfold since the end Of
World War II.
2. All the satellites have been
geared to the Soviet economic
system in the hope of achieving
independence of imports from
beyond the Iron Curtain.
8. Because of wide industrial
expansion, the Soviet block coun-
tries no longer have SURPRISES
of the agricultural products
which were the mainstay of
their former commercial deal
ings with the West and which
Britain chiefly wants from them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Small Fires Hit 7 Liners
AT Southampton Docks
By the Assoeioied Pres,

SOUTHAMPTON, England,
Dec. 31.-Firemen raced to
Southampton docks yesterday to
quench blazes which broke out
aboard two luxury liners within
20 minutes.
The ships-the Cunard Lines
Brittanic $4,000 tons, and the
Union Castle Lines Winchester
Castle 100000 tons)-were only
slightly damaged.
1T was pure coincidence
there was no connection between
the two f1res," officials said.
In the Brittanic, a store of
Kapok lifebelts caught fire in a
cabin on deck. Firemen had to
wear masks because of the thick
smoke.
The fire in the Winchester
Castle was believed to have been
caused by an electrical fault. A
number of wall panels In the
ships film storeroom were
broken as firemen hacked their
way through to the blaze. but, q
line official said damage was
negligible" co..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Big Three Divided
On Ways Of Assuring
Soviet Against Attack
BY the Associoied Press

PARIS, Dec. 31.-Britain,
France and the United States
are reported divided over the
manner and timing of guaran-
tees to Russia against any pos
sible unprovoked attack.
An authoritative source said
last night that experts Of the
three Western powers have
drafted a series of proposals for
their government broadly &C
cepting the idea that some pledge
should be offered to the Soviets
to relieve their professed fear of
aggression by the West, particu-
larly through Germany.
This idea first was forwarded
by Britain and accepted in prin-
cipal at the Bermuda conference
of President Eisenhower, Premier
Laniel and Prime Minister
Churchill.
DlfferenceS OF Approach.
However, the informant said,
these differences of approach
have since emerged:
/. France believes the guaran-
tee should be offered in a joint
three-power declaration issued
before the projected Big Four
Foreign Ministers Conference in
Berlin. Her diplomats say such
declaration would demonstrate
the Vests good will before the
conference begins and would
avoid the possibility of pro-
tracted discussion at Berlin on
guarantees.
2. The United States view is
that the offer of guarantees
should be presented to the So
VETS during the Berlin talks on
Germany's future, but that no
mention should be made of Ger
many specifically. Moreover, the
Americans are firm that no nom
aggression treaty be discussed,
much less concluded, before the
Identification of Germany-the
principal purpose of the Berlin
meeting.
8. Britain's position has not
been clearly stated, but there
have been indications that it
would, perhaps, favor a multi
party pact with the Soviets-
either the Big Three or maybe,
all the North Atlantic treaty
powers on one side and Russia
on the other-to provide non
aggression guarantees.
Seek United Position.
Paris, Washington and Lon
don now are communicating
through regular diplomatic
channels to resolve these varying
approaches into a single position
before the foreign ministers
SdbAlC1 dO oCII1Il.
All three agree that the Ber-
lin session may be postponed I'M
til January Is. as Moscow has
asked, and that the exact place
in Berlin where it is to be held
should be left to the high COM
missioners Of the four powers to
settle.
Frances government approved
its note to Moscow to that effect
yesterday. and separate but
similar notes from Washington
and London are reported ready.
All three will be sent as soon as
they have the approval Of all
three governments.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

to the Chinese mainland or
of checkmating by any new
military operations there what
Is happening in Indo-C China.
Coincidentally. Secretary
Dulles Is reported by the As
ISOLATED Press. to have said
at his news conference on
Tuesday of this week that
American power to strike
devastating blows at any ag-
greSsor in the Far East is
strengthened despite the pro-
jected withdrawal Of the two
United States divisions from
Korea. and he added that,
instead of trying to meet any
new aggression merely by
land power Of our own in
Asia. there would be more re-
lance on (Ameyican) sea and
air power. which would give
US a greater choice"
The. plain meaning intended
to be conveyed by the fore
going comment is that the
American forces are free to
use sea and air power at will
in Asia, when the actual fact
is that the allied governments,
which have exercised since the
autumn Of 1850 their veto
over any "hot pursuit" by our
air forces against enemy planes
to bases beyond the Yalu
River in Manchuria, have
never withdrawn that veto.
Any warnings issued now,
therefore, are predicated on
the assumption that in a
forthcoming crisis the Euro
peans will drop their cries
about "enlarging the war" or
bringing on World War III"
and will agree to military
operations against the main
land Of China. There is no
backing for that assumption
so far as can be learned from
any official or unofficial pro-
nouncements here or abroad.
Reproductions Rights Reserved.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Fletcher Knebel-
Potomac Fever

The Agriculture Department farm prices per
this month The administration proud to
there recessonand staging rapid recovery
from it.
Senator Joe Mccarthy confers with
Miami Nixon is fresh from round trp-McCarhy
is fresh from force of habit.
Senator Russell Of Georgia the
1keS This will for the Democratic
vetofor the last five the Democrats using
it themselves
The University of Maryland apply
eral subsidy ground that means
support-Quarterback Bernie Faloney's knee
Ike plays 10 holes of golf in the President an
ordinary fellow like the us-jus get
his head above water
Democratic Senator Kerr calls Republican Dirsen
"ksone Drksen" They call the Senate the worlds
elusive clubso few of the members speak other
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

It is being noted here that
Republicans have more than q
passing interest in the areas
the Eisenhower order is de-
signed to help. a notable ex-
ample being Senator Leverett
Saltonstall of Massachusetts,
who is certain to face deter
mined opposition for re-elec-
ton next fall. If what Demo-
Gratis are jocularly calling
some of our elixir of New
Deal" fails to help cure unem-
ployment there, his troubles
might be serious.
In Pennsylvania it is consid-
cred more than possible that
Senator Duff might decide to
run for Governor next year,
leaving a Senate seat to be
fought over. In Illinois, it is
desired to beat Senator Doug
las.
The President has also been
notified that questions will be
clearly put in Congress about
another Christmas holiday Or
der he gave which on the face
of it was most appealing. Sen
ator Russell of Georgia an
nounced that he wants more
information to support the
withdrawal of two divisions of
American troops from Korea.
The Senator's doubts were
aroused by contradictory re-
ports from Korea. from Tokyo
and from Okinawa about the
nature of the withdrawal and
its effects.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

itself If the Communists broke
the armistice, a clamor rose in
Britain, and on August 8 the
United Press sent this dispatch
from London:
"A Foreign Office spokesman
said tonight that. in Britain's
opinion, the United Nations
threat to carry the war to the
enemy If the Korean truce is
violated doesn't imply any adj
vance commitments to any
precise course of action"
The Foreign Office state
ment was quoted. at the same
time as saying: when the
text Of the declaration was
under discussion, her majes-
tvs government was careful to
make. it clear that, in their
view, decisions which might
have grave consequences should
be taken only at the time and
in full knowledge Of the cir
cumstances."
This, Of course, was read in
Moscow. too. where it doubt
less is being assumed that
Secretary Dulles can issue all
the threats and warnings he
pleases, but the British gov
eminent is still not committed
to agreement or cooperation
in any military sense. It might
be inferred perhaps that the
United States planned to "go
it alone" in the Asian crisis,
but this hardly seems plausible.
Also Mr.. Dulles not long ago
said the United States would
not attempt to dictate or
coerce its allies.
It Is evident, on the other
hand. that the British gov
eminent is doing the debating
to America on Asian policy.
So far as the public knows,
either from official statements
in Washington or from the
revelations in the debates in
the House of Commons. Brit
ain hasn't the slightest in
tention Of carrying the war
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

January stems at least in part
from his unhappy role Of re-
sponsibility without concur.
rent authority.
Gen. Bedell Smith is also
reported ready to step out Of
the picture later in the year.
largely because of his indiffer-
ent relations with Congress as
a result of some congressional
criticism Of his handling Of
certain security cases-cases
for which he should have had
no responsibility in the first
place.
Mr.. Dulles Is said to have
canvaSsed the situation care
fully and to have come to the
conclusion that he will have q
difficult time pleasing Congress
and improving conditions
within the department under
the present setup. He sees need
for an alter ego"-a Deputy
Secretary - whose authority
will be undivided and who can
act for him in any matter he
cannot personally attend. Such
a Deputy would be directly SUI.
perior to the existing Under
secretaries, whose responsible
ties under the new plan
would be better defined.
Under the new system, the
Undersecretaries would be as
signed to sharply delineated
areas of responsibility: one to
policy matters. the other to
administrative functions only.
Neither would be called upon
to act in the province of the
other.
Some members of Congress
who have been sounded out on
this important matter have al
ready indicated their approval
OF any plan able to improve
the present cumbersome and
creaking State Department
machinery,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Lowell WeHett-
Mr.. Bidd|e Versus Mr.. Browne|I
Former Attorney General Strongly Critical Of Present
Incumbents Testimony Before Senote Committee

The country has not heard
the last of laffaire Brownell.
For the moment there is more
condemnation of his political
patron. Gov. Dewey, for a SIM
liar offenSe, his extraordinary
attack on former President
Truman in his Hartford
speech, but the Brownell Incl
dent was of much greater con-
sequence. Dewey offended COM
mon decency. as did Brownell
in his Chicago speech, but
Brownell carried his misbe-
havior much further. He fol-
lowed through with an abuse
of his power as the highest
law officer in the United States
Government. setting certain
precedentS that could seriously
affect the constitutional rights
of American citizens. This he
did by his testimony before the
Senate investigating commit
tee, including his use Of secret
FBI files.
OF these charges the At
torney General is found guilty
by q former Attorney General.
Francis Biddle. Mr.. Biddle has
o thoughtful article on the
subject In the current issue Of
the Reporter magazine.
mfr. Brownell," says Mr..
Biddle, has, it seems to me,
not only shattered an estab-
lished precedent and q great
tradition Of the Department
Of Justice; he has violated his
duty to the American people.
Heretofore the Attorney Cen
eral has not publicly con-
demned persons under investi-
CATION whom he may later
have to prosecute. 1t is not
considered proper that he
should even comment on any
pending case. His duty is clear
ly not to reveal secret informa-
ton about persons who have
not been brought to trial. I.
The Attorney General Is
not o Judge. His function is not
70 announce to the country
the names Of those who are
guilty or innocent. Under our
American system, that is for
the jury ct Q public trial. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Chile Copper Mine Strike
By 1000 Is Averied

SANTIAGO, Chile, Dec. 31.-A
union management agreement
one hour before a strike deadline
last night averted a walkout by
1000 workers Of the big Amer
ican-owned Chuquicamata and
Potrerillos copper mines. In
formants said the settlement
calls for a pay increase Of about
IS per cent.
Repeatedly the increase will
cost the mines, which are owned
by a subsidiary of the Anaconda
Copper Co., 600 million pesos
($5.7 million) annually.
The miners staged a 50-day
strike last autumn but went back
to work November 80 to comply
with a 30-day cooling of period.
That ended tonight.
The successful last-minute
negotiations at the Labor Min
istry prevented q shutdown
starting today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Hendrickson Will Seek
Reelection 10 Senate
BY the Associoted Press

Senator Hendrickson. Repub-
lican, of New Jersey announced
today he will seek reelection
next November for a second
term. Senator. Hendrickson, SIS,
is an attorney who has been in
public life for 20 years.
II find a great challenge, "
he said in a statement. g. the
continuance in our, Federal Gov
eminent Of the high standards
now established by a new and
fresh administration, under the
dynamic leadership of President
Eisenhower, as opposed to stand
ards which have in the recent
past been marked by strictly po-
litical labels at the national level
Of Government"
Senator Hendrickson voiced a
fond hope" that he would not
have opposition in the Repub-
lican primary.
New Jersey last November
turned out its Republican State
administration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31
Doris FIeeson-
Contracts for Depressed Areas
Eisenhower Borrows an Idea From the New Dealers
To Attack Economic Dip His Aides Deny Exists

A certain lack of liaison be-
tween Washington and Au-
gusta, Ca, became evident this
week when President Eisen-
hover interrupted his reso-
lutely optimistic administra-
ton chorus here with an order
funneling defense work into
depressed areas.
Gabriel Hauge, the Presi-
dents economic assistant, and
Walter Williams, Undersecre-
tary of Commerce, led off the
administrations psychological
warfare against the recession
talk which is the feature of
current conventions of eco
nomic and statistical societies.
While the economists were still
choosing up sides, the Presi-
dent moved in with the pessi-
mists so far as certain impor-
tant areas in New England,
Pennsylvania and the Middle
West are concerned.
His action was hailed by his
press secretary, James c. Hag-
erty, as "the first time a ma
tional administration has tried
to do something" about chron-
ic regional unemployment. It
turns out that this is not quite
true. Essentially the policy re-
SembleS that Of the Truman
administration, abandoned last
August. which sought to give
preference in defense contracts
to substantially the same areas
Gen. Eisenhower seeks to favor.
Southern Democrats COM
planned then as they are COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

Attorney General must be i'm
partial; must not condemn in
advance without a hearing,
without evidence, or on secret
evidence; must not face the
accused with anonymous and
hence uncontradictable ma
terial from files marked Sc
cret."
Mr.. Brownell is quoted as
telling the committee, II did
not endanger the national Sc
curity by doing what ! did, and
I hope and pray that I have
performed a public service"
Mr.. Biddle comments: "This
is Mr.. Brownell's final state
ment to defend and excuse his
exposure. He does not consider
the harm that may be done to
individuals by making such
disclosures, but only national
security which he conceives
to be synonymous with nom
interference with pending FBI
investigations. He does not
seem to realize that national
security also involves, in our
country at least, the consider
alton Of individual human be-
ings-their rights, their Sc
curity, their protection. The
violation Of these rights does
not strengthen national Sc
curity, but threatens it.
HE nowhere states what the
future policy of the admins
tration concerning use Of Sc
cret FBI files will be. Will they
be used in their entirety to
help congressional investiga-
tons. or only such part of the
file as the Attorney General
may approve? Will the sub
stance Of the derogatory in
formation be given, as here,
with the names of those being
investigated. and only the EVIL
dence itself be withheld?"
The questions raised by the
former Attorney General are
pertinent not only to the case
Of Harry Dexter White, who
after all died without ever be-
ing tried. and to those others
mentioned as part Of the al
legged espionage ring. who have
never yet been tried. They are
also pertinent to the Attorney
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-12-31

planning now, because textile
mills, a principal bone of
North South contention, are
involved. The amount of politi-
cal risk to the President in this
could easily be exaggerated.
The Southerners have been
pulling away steadily from
support of the President and
his program for a variety Of
reasons. An election year is
almost here, administration
spokesman demanded an end
of segregation in the Supreme
Court hearings, and the Demo-
cratic National Committee has
been industriously mending
fences in the South.
What is much more serious
for the President is that there
is some doubt he can deliver
on his implied commitment to
help the areas he has men
toned because of the very con-
siderable defense cuts that
have been ordered. It is said
at the Pentagon that an early
casualty of present slashes was
orders for military clothing.
Such orders have been huge
and hugely helpful to the tex
tile trade. :
It was these orders that for
mer President Truman largely
diverted in his similar plan
ming. Fortunately for him, en-
ployment picked up and he
was able to call off the pro-
gram so distasteful to the
Southern wing of his party.