davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-08-30
Trouble for Gold

For a long time, Ben Gold made
no bones about his membership
in the Communist Party. Then
came the Taft-Hartley Act, which
denied the services of the National
Labor Relations Board to any un-
ion whose officers did not take an
oath denying membership in the
Communist Party.
Gold was the head of the Inter-
national Fur and Leather Workers
of the United States and Canada.
fired from the CIO in 1949 for
Red domination, Gold wanted his
union under the aegis of NLRB.
So he quit the party and swore
he was not a member.
1t had been suspected for a long
time that Colds withdrawal was
a strategic one-that when he
surrendered his party card he
surrendered none of his loyalties.
Last week that suspicion was put
on paper. A grand jury lnolcCeo
Gold on three counts: % that
his Communist affidavit was
a lie; (2) that his statement Of
non -affiliation was false; go that
his oath to the effect that he did
not support the party was like
wise untrue.
Bond was set at $4,000, but
Gold was not around to post it or
go to jail. Authorities Immediately
started looking for him. Yester-
day afternoon Colds lawyer an
nounced that his client would
appear in Washington tomorrow
in response to a Federal bench
warrant.
Evening star., 1953-08-30
The Reaction

The American stand was unpop-
ular for two reasons: 1t seemed to
close the door to what might be a
golden opportunity to settle some
of the major Far East problems.
And it was interpreted as a gra-
tuitouS insult to India, frequently
the spokesman for all of free Asia.
Many observers thought the
United States, if obliged to stick to
its guns, could have done so in
more diplomatic way and avoided
open opposition to India. Mr..
Lodge, for instance, could have
told BritainS Sir Gladwyn Jebb
frankly that there would have
been no Korean truce without
Americas promises to Syngman
Rhee, and that unless Britain could
think of some other way out, she
should give up the Indian issue
unless, of course, John Bull was
ready to risk a full-scale war with
Red China.
But there appeared to be little
of such behind-the-sceneS maneu-
vering. The United States marched
firmly on to its pyrrhic victory.
The vote on India was taken in
the Political and Security Com
mittee, a sort of "little Assembly"
of all so nations. A majority of the
voting nations supported India,
but in effect it was a defeat for
the Indians-they did not receive
the tWo-thirds margin that would
have been necessary for later Cen
eral Assembly approval.
Consequently India withdrew in
the face of certain defeat, but
denied withdrawing in order to be
consistent with her stand that she
had not been candidate
The Political Committee vote
was 27 to 81 for Indian participa-
1l1ALd d4l0 IL OVA4C4 A4eht4OAAc
did not vote. Favoring seat for
India were Asian, African, British
Commonwealth, Scandinavian and
Communist nations. Against India
and with the United States were II
Latin American nations, Greece,
Pakistan and Nationalist China.
Most nations which abstained in
dicated they favored the Indian
position but wanted to avoid open
conflict.
Other votes last week were by
the usual one-sided marginS-the
Soviet bloc against the world. The
Russian proposal that the confer
ence consist mostly OF "neutrals"
was rejected. The Australian-New
Zealand proposal that Russia par
Evening star., 1953-08-30
Korean View

South Korea stood at one ex-
treme. Not a member OF the
United Nations and by no means
one of the worlds great powers,
the Republic of Korea still was
listened to by the non-CommuniSt
delegations. South Korea, after
all, was the victim Of the Red ag-
gression that set off the war, and,
what was more important, was In
a position to sabotage any peace
agreement.
Foreign Minister Y. T. Pyun was
invited to the U. N. to speak for
South Korea. He spoke from this
point of view:
The Republic of Korea is COM
mitted to the unification of Korea
under President Syngman Rhee.
Unifcation must come quickly,
South Korea believes, and prob
ably must come through force of
arms since the Communists are
not likely to leave on their own
accord. South Korea believes the
truce was a mistake-the U. N.
forces should have fought on to
the Yalu-and the post-truce con-
ference probably will just COM
pound that mistake.
No Concessions
DR.. Rhee had agreed only re-
Iuctantly to the truce and a 90
day try at conference.
DR.. Pyun made it clear to the
U. N. last week that South Korea
still intends to unity Korea even
If the United Nations does not
help. Then DR.. Pyun took out
after India. He demanded rejec-
ton of the British Commonwealth
resolution to invite India to sit
with the U. N. side during the
conference. He accused India of
weakness in the face of commu-
nism, betrayal of the South Ko-
rean cause, traff1cking and in
triguing with communism and
"hatcheting at the tree of free
dom"
He indicated, but did not say
fatty, that South Korea would not
attend any conference in which
India participated on the U. N.
side. The Rhee governments dis
like for India stems from many
incidents (See story by Earl H.
Voss on page ABB, but the latest
and most serious irritation came
when India made a compromise
proposal on prisoner-of-war re-
patriation that eventually led to
the truce which DR.. Rhee hates so
fervently.
Evening star., 1953-08-30
Budget

THE BROAD SMILE on the face
u of Secretary of the Treasury
Humphrey last week indicated he
had no thoughts of a more costly
defense program in the near fu-
ture- H-bomb or no H-bomb. The
outlook for this fiscal year and the
next was so rosy that Secretary
Humphrey declared the Federal
Government had turned the cor
ner toward a balanced budget
provided, of course, there were no
substantial changes in defense
spending.
Mr.. Humphrey was raised out of
his recent debt-ceiling despond-
ency last week when his depart
mental calculating machines licked
off the information that tax re-
ceipts would be higher and spend
ing lower this year than had been
figured in May. The Treasury De-
partment reWorks its estimates
frequently during the year.
In May, Treasury had figured the
spending budget for this fiscal
year would reflect a $6.6-billion
deficit: $67.5-billion income, $74.1-
billion outgo. The new outlook was
for a mere $3.8-billion deficit:
$68.3-billion income and $72.1-bil'
lion expenditures.
Truce Eases Spending
Spending would be less than had
been estimated in May because
the Korean truce and congress
Sional economy had saved So bill
lion. Income was up because Con-
gress approved an excess-prof1tS
tax extension that would net $500
million.
But the spending budget did not
contain the most significant fig
ures, Mr.. Humphrey beamed. The
cash budget was in even better
shape. That set of books keeps
track of all money flowing in and
out of the Treasury, including
such items as social security taxes
and benefits which are not figured
into the spending budget.
The cash budget will be within
$500 million of balance at the end
of this fiscal year, June 80, 1854.
That means, he pointed out, the
Federal Government will be exert
ing almost no inflationary pres
sure on the Nations economy.
ObIieotionoI Authority
The outlook is bright for future
fiscal years, the Budget Bureau
said last week, because for the first
time since Korea total obligational
authority voted by Congress-new
commitments for this year and the
right to buy in the future-Were
held below current receipts and
expenditures. Current expendi-
lures reflect obligational authority
of past years. The significance
here is that future budgets will not
be burdened with heavy bills fall
ing due from this years congress
sional action. If receipts hold up,
then future budgets will be ea&er
to balance.
Evening star., 1953-08-30
The Results

The Results
The upShot of the weeks work,
as far as the conference was con-
cerned, was this: Some time before
october %, at time and place to
be decided by the conferees, two
sided meeting would be held. On
one side would be North Korea,
China and probably Russia. On
the other side would be whichever
of the 16 fighting U. N. members
decided to take part, plus South
Korea. All this was contingent, Of
course, on Communist action. The
Reds could refuse to attend the
conference, could demand that the
General Assembly reconsider the
whole question or could throw up
any number of petty roadblockS.
Russia limited last week that many
troubles lay ahead.
What was the upshot of the
weeks work as far as The free
world stand against Communist
aggression was concerned?
First, despite the disagreement
among the democracies, there was
no permanent split between the
United States and her principal
allies, Britain and France. Other
.Western nations, however, acquired
a few more doubts on the ability
of the United States to handle
ticklish diplomatic situations.
Second, America did manage to
affront India and the Asian and
Arab blocs, which look to India
for leadership. That might make
it more difficult in the future to
rally strong support in anti-Com-
munist action.
Evening star., 1953-08-30
Review Of The Week. u S Keeps u N To Middle Course

IS THE WORLD MOVED slowly
N forward last week toward a
new attempt at settlement OF the
Far Eastern cold war, the United
States held its anti-Communist
allies to a middle courSe-deSpite
heavy pressure from some Of its
best friends.
South Korea was trying to pull
the Communist bloc toward
a big war with Red China. Ameri-
cas- other allies, however, were
tugging in another direction, to-
ward a broad bargaining session
with the Reds on all Far East
problems. The United States
wanted neither war nor the kind
of a general settlement that likely
could be reached. The adminiStra-
ton believes this country has too
much to lose either way.
Last week the United States had
its way in the United Nations, but
only at the cost of wounded feel
ings all around. The U. N. voted
in effect to hold the kind of post
Korea political conference Amer
lea insisted upon. To win, however,
the United States delegation had
to oppose most of the free world
a difficult thing to do diplomati-
cally; sufficiently difficult, at least,
to make Chief Delegate Henry
Cabot Lodge, jr., squirm.
Three points of view were at
odds in the Communist camp.
Evening star., 1953-08-30
Air Defense

THE WORLD has had 10 days in
Il which to reflect on the shat
tering fact, now confirmed, that
Soviet Russia has produced Q
Evening star., 1953-08-30


most of our scientists think they
can, nine of them, properly placed,
could wipe out our Eastern Sea-
board from Boston to Washington.
Toward the end of last week,
leaders in this country were be-
stirring themselves to face this
question: How much are they
going to tell the people-and Rus
>sia-about our preparations for
possible Soviet H-bomb attack?
The answer seemed to be: Not
very much. The public was still
being asked to take the Eisenhower
administrations defense program
including vast reductions in
Spending-on faith.
Clue From Rodford
A meaningful indication that
high American policy-makers at
least are not apathetic came from
Admiral Arthur w. Radford, chair
man of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
In his first press conference since
taking over from Gen. Omar Brad
ley, he said that his groups review
of United States air defenSeS took
on new significance since the So
Wet Unions hydrogen explosion
But he added that the strategic
planning of this country would not
be changed because of the news.
The implication: We had expected
it, our counter measures are al
ready under way.
The accent in the Joint Chiefs
fresh review is expected to be on
how new weapons-guided missiles
and the broadening array of
atomic devices-Will affect our de-
fenSeS. That was one inference
from Admiral Radford's remarks
and those of his predecessor, Gen.
Bradley, in his significant maga-
zine article released last week but
written before the Russians shot
off their H-bomb.
Clue From Bradley
Gen. Bradley indicated that the
United States highly secret
guided-missile program is farther
along than the general public had
realized. So far along, in fact,
that interservice rivalries over as
signment of missions were becom-
ing costly.
The question that still evoked
uneasinesS among interested but
uninformed (ostensibly for security
reasons) people in the country
was: Why isn't an adequate de-
fense against the H-attack costing
more money?
Here are two possible answers:
. 1t will, a little later. America
could be in a transition period,
between the "old-fashioned" era
where the accent was on piloted,
subsonic aircraft without offensive
and defensive guided missiles, and
the next era, when Supersonic
piloted aircraft and guided missiles
will change the whole production
picture. We could be taking a
calculated risk that war is not i'm
minent, tapering off on production
in the old phase, and not quite
ready to step up output on the
new modern phase.
Economy is taking precedence
over defense. This is conclusion
drawn by some of the Eisenhower
administrations political foes, and
many students of Government af-
fairs may or may not have pene-
trated the veil of secrecy this
country maintains over its new
air-defenSe program. The admin
istration did little throughout
congressional budget debate to
diSabuSe their critics of this idea.
Meanwhile, the agitation was
increasing for less secrecy in our
atomic program. 1t was widely
held that official policy was
running too far ahead of its req
uisite political support, because the
people have been kept too much
in the dark. That, Of course, Is
Evening star., 1953-08-30
Italy

ITALY WAS back in business last
L week after a cabinet crisis that
began after July's elections.
Evening star., 1953-08-31
Maryland PYthians
Elect Officers

Francis B. Harding, a member
of the Maryland Grand Lodge OF
the knights of Pythias for q
years, has been elected grand
chancellor of the fraternal or
ganization at the annual con-
vention in Annapolis. Md. He is
former district deputy grand
chancellor.
Mr.. Harding, an electrical en-
gineer, lives at 8617 Cedar street,
Silver Spring. He is married and
has two children.
Named grand master at arms
at the three-day convention at
the Carvel Hotel in Annapolis
was Richard A. Castle of Laurel,
Md.
The Grand Temple Pythians
also elected Mrs. Agnes Love Of
Cumberland, Md, as grand chief
Other area officers chosen
were:
Julius E. SCHNEIDER, of Cum
berland, grand secretary; Will
liam Freymand, of Westminster,
grand inner guard, and j. Wal
ter Mckee of Cumberland, grand
outer guard.
Evening star., 1953-08-31
Boy
Burned in Arlington

A 14-month- -old Arlington boy
was critically burned by a fam
ing can of gasoline yesterday.
The boy, David Treadway OF
314 North Barton street, was ad-
mitted to Arlington Hospital
with third-degree burns of his
head and legs.
The hospital reported he
showed some improvement to-
day.
His mother, Mrs. John P.
Treadway, was cleaning a grease
stained shirt in her kitchen
when suddenly the can burst in
to flame. 1t apparently was
ignited by the pilot light of the
gas stove. police said.
Mrs. Treadway's screams
brought her husband from the
back yard. David and his 21a-
year-old brother Terry were in
the kitchen with her.
Mr.. Treadway said he picked
UP the flaming can of gasoline
and threw it into the back yard.
He got his wife into the dining
room and put little David out
the back door.
David crawled right into the
flaming gasoline. Mr.. Treadway
grabbed the boy and beat out his
flaming clothing.
Mr.. and Mrs. Treadway were
treated at Arlington Hospital for
minor burns.
The fire in the kitchen was
quickly extinguished. Mr.. Tread
way is a statistician with the
Office of the controller, Depart
ment Of the Army.
Evening star., 1953-08-31
Search for Bodies
OF Twins Resumed

Dragging operations were re-
sumed today in the Patuxent
River near Groom, Md. in search
of the bodies of two 18-year-old
twin farm workers who drowned
last night.
The victims were identified by
Prince Georges County police as
James Lemuel Jones and Harold
Caudel Jones, both colored.
The youths worked on the
farm of George S. Harrison of
Groom, along with their grand
father. James Smith, 73, who
had raised them. AS a result of
the drowning. Mr.. Smith suf-
fered a minor stroke and was
treated for shock at the office of
DR.. James G. Sasscer in Upper
Marlboro.
The twins disappeared from
sight about $50 pm. after div
ing into a deep portion of the
river, police were told by a
cousin. James Melvin Swami, II.
After they disappeared, the
Swami youth went for help. The
Morningside and Berwyn Heights
Rescue Squads responded and
Immediately began dragging the
river.
Young Swami told police the
twins were good swimmers.
Evening star., 1953-08-31
Lawyers Retained
To Fight Arlington
Pension Changes

Arlington policemen and fire.
men have employed legal coun-
sci to oppose a change in their
pension and retirement plans
now under study by the County
Board.
The new plan would cost more
and provide less, a Police Bene-
f1ciary Association spokesman
said.
Attorneys John Locke Green
and Frank Ball, sr., have been
retained to represent the Police
and Fire Associations.
Mr.. Green said today he has
sent letters to the five county
board members explaining that
the present retirement system
was enacted by county ordin-
ance. He said replacement of
the present plan by an inferior
one would represent a breach of
contract.
$4,000 Insurance Policy.
Under the present plan indi-
viduals and the county con-
tribute 312 per cent of salary
payments to the fund. In addi-
ton, the participants are cov-
cred by a $4,000 life insurance
policy.
The proposed plan would re-
quire a per cent contribution
from the individuals and as yet
an undecided contribution from
the county, a spokesman said.
In addition the policemen and
f1remen would be placed under
Social Security which would re-
quire additional payments.
Some Employees Not Covered.
The county has been consider
ing the change for nearly a year
because of the county employees
are not covered by any form of
retirement plan. Social Secu-
rity would provide the main
source of coverage with the ad-
dition of a supplemental"
county retirement plan.
Mr.. Green said no local ac-
ton is contemplated at this
time.
A police official said one
policeman has already resigned
because of the proposed change.
Evening star., 1953-08-31
4O5,766 Will Enroll
In Maryland Schools
"a, 986 Over 1852
By the Associnted Prssa

BALTIMORE. Aug. 3l.-The
State Department of Education
estimates there will be 405, ,766
youngsters on hand when Mary
lands 932 elementary, junior
and senior high schools open
next week.
This is 24,986 more than the
enrolment last October.
It will take some fancy fitting
to get them all in.
There will be classes in cafe
terias and auditoriums, in store
rooms and Railways. There will
be classes in church Easements
and lodge halls.
Some schools will have double
shifts.
"The crisis we have been say
ing was coming is here" says
Joseph A. Hunter, president of
the Maryland Congress of Par
ents and Teachers.
1.-THE bumper crop of 1947 has
arrived" says DR.. David w.
Zimmerman, director of finance
and research for the State De-
partment of Education.
DR.. Zimmerman referred to
the 56,827 babies born to Mary
land couples in 1947. Only seven
years earlier, in 1910, births were
32,368.
The result is that Baltimore
County, for example. expects to
have about 5000 first graders
this year. Last year it had
5,901.
The increase of almost $4,000
in enrolment contemplated this
year includes nearly 5000 new
pupils in Baltimore.
Baltimore County accounts for
another 5000. Charge another
1000 up to MONTGOMERY County
5000 to Prince Georges, 1000
to Anne Arundel and 1900 to
Hartford.
Three-f1fths Of the increase
must be absorbed by only five
of Maryland's % counties. The
Baltimore City schools must
take Oh one of the other fifths
and the remaining one is divided
among the other 18 counties.
The county school systems in
Maryland operate with a great
degree of independence. An ear
mark Of this is no one at the
State Department of Education
can tell you now how many new
buildings or how many new
classrooms will be available next
week
Evening star., 1953-08-31
Higher Fees Urged
For TubercuIars in
Virginia Hospitals
BY the Associated Press

RICHMOND, Va, Aug. 31.-A
legislative study committee today
proposed new patient charges at
the States tuberculosis sana-
toria that would be nearly triple
the present $3.50 rate.
At the same time, it recon-
mended hiking the maximum
charged patients in mental hos
pitals from the present $40 to
about SIS a month.
The recommendation were
contained in an 11-page report
released by the Virginia Advisory
Legislative Council. The 1852
session of the General Assembly
had requested the. council to
undertake a study of the fee
systems used at the States men
tai and tuberculosis institutions.
The council committee which
made the study suggested that
patient rates at the tuberculosis
sanatoria be raised to 81 per
day, or the average cost for car
ing for a patient each day,
whichever is lower.
Fees Used For Maintenance.
For many years, the State
Health Department has been
collecting payments from pa
tients deemed able to pay. This
money, along with funds appro-
priated by the State, has been
used for the operation and
maintenance of the sanatoria.
Whereas the patient rate has
remained at $150-except at
Piedmont Sanatorium where it is
IS cents-the State appropria-
tions have increased over the
years.
"As result" said the report,
"the patients who could pay for
their care have paid for a lesser
portion and the State has paid
for more"
Increase in Facilities.
The report said an increase in
collections will make possible an
eventual increase in sanatoria
facilities without a correspond
ing increase in maintenance
costs.
The committee did not recon-
mend that every patient be re-
quired to pay. Rather, it Sug-
gested that the health depart
ment continue its present policy
of charging only those who are
able to pay.
The committee, which was
headed by State Senator Robert
Y. Button of Culpeper, attached
to its report two proposed bills
providing for the new fee
schedules.
Evening star., 1953-08-31
New Clues in Staying
Of Mrs. Meister Checked
BY The Associated Press

CUMBERLAND, Md, Aug, 81.
New clues were being checked
today in the investigation of
the Staying of Mrs. Odessa
Frances Meister, 33-year-old
Cumberland woman whose body
was found January 16.
States Attorney Paul Fletcher
said the leads developed from
-detector tests given last week
to about 20 persons. He said
they underwent examination
voluntarily to help him clear up
discrepancies in earlier informa-
ton given to investigators.
The Allegany County prose-
cutor emphasized that none of
those questioned last week was
directly connected with the death
of Mrs. Meister, who was found
beaten to death about four weeks
after she disappeared.
Evening star., 1953-08-31
Fairfax Candidates
Oppose Increase
In Gasoline Taxes

Opposition to increased gaSo-
line taxes as a means of finan-
cling Virginia's primary road
construction was announced to-
day by Republican candidates
for Fairfax County's two seats in
the Virginia General Assembly.
THE time has come for the
legislature to face the issue
squarely and to adopt new poll
cies on financing primary high
way construction" Mrs. Cynthia
Zimmerman and Harris T. Rich
ards declared in joint state
ment.
They said their stand was
prompted by a report of a sub
committee of the Virginia Ad-
visory Legislative Council which
indicated a 1-cent a gallon in
crease in the gas tax might be
recommended to the legislature.
1T is apparent that it is no
longer feasible to continue the
pay = as you = go highway con-
struction and maintenance pol
ICY" the candidates said.
1--WE advocate the floating of
bonds to finance a Well-prepared
and far-seeing highway program.
We suggest that bond issues
could be adequately financed
and repaid through existing
taxes on gasoline :"
The candidates also suggested
that the Legislature should con-
slider construction of a network
of toll roads or super highways.
Fairfax County should be per-
mitted to maintain it's own Sec
ondary roads and to use funds
collected in the county fol that
purpose rather than rely on the
unsatisfactory methods now
employed in the ALLEGATION of
funds" from the State, the can
didates said.