davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-01-01
Henson Estute Proboted

MARTINSBURG. w. Va. Jan.
(SpeciaD The estate Of the late
John o. Henson. attorney and
banker, who died December 3 here,
has been valued at sos, ,623.91,
according to papers recorded at
the Office of the county clerk.
Evening star., 1953-01-01
Turkeys Importers Assured

Trukey's Minister of Trade is
trying to reduce panic buying by
importers by assuring them that
mo change in foreign trade regula-
|tions Is in prospect, Istanbul re-
ports.
Evening star., 1953-01-01
Robert Virgil Fletcher
Refires as Counsel 10
Railroad Association

Robert Virgil Fletcher. SO, long
a figure in the affairs of the Asso-
citation of American Railroads. an
nounced his retirement today as
Evening star., 1953-06-21

satellites had been demonstrated
to be much weaker than had
hitherto been supposed.
The new administration has
made quite a point of refusing to
accept Red rule over Eastern
Europe as irrevocable. The prob
lem has been, and still remains,
how the United States can help to
keep the flame of revolution alive
but controlled until there is some
chance of breaking the Soviet gr:;>.
Through the Berlin peephole it
was hard to get a broad picture
Of the strength of Russian control.
The view was broad enough,
however, to see how the new Soviet
"justice" works. Will Goettling,
an unemployed West Berlin paint
er, was executed summarily as an
organizer" Of the demonstration
in matter of hours after the
riots ended.
Evening star., 1953-06-21

have lost valuable support, and
this loss may isolate him. The
United States has built, equipped
and trained an army for him
and is beginning to wonder now
if this was not a mere sowing Of
dragons teeth. The United Ma
tions has done extensive rehabili-
tation work in Korea. Will the
U. N. be willing to lavish more aid
on a nation whose leader takes the
U. N. shilling without playing the
U. N. game?
OF course, DR.. Rhee knows very
well that his actions will not turn
the Korean war into a SGuDe Qui
peut. He also knows that he can
not be abandoned completely by
his allies and erstwhile friends.
But what he does not know and
cannot yet gauge is his future
position vis-a-vis the non Com
munist world as a result of last
Thursday mornings work.
Evening star., 1953-06-21

TT AMERICANS named their
weeks as the Chinese name
their years, the one just ended
might well be known as the
"Week of Upset Applicants"
It was a week of startling de-
velopments, of fluidity, Of con-
fusion. The focal points of move
ment were:
. Korea, where a truce at first
seemed assured and then seemed
in doubt, due to agile footwork by
a tough-minded old man Of 78;
. Berlin, where the Peoples Dem
ocratic Terror received a shock
ing setback at the hands Of the
faceless masses, and where the
Russian dove Of peace lost several
vital tail feathers;
o Sing Sing, where two atomic
spies met their deaths after last
minute legal naneuvers that for
a time seemed likely to prolong
their lives indefinitely.
While the events were happen
ing, 1t was hard to choose the
biggest story of the three. In the
world context, however, their rank
seemed to be D Korea, (2) Ber-
lin, CD the RosenbergS.
Evening star., 1953-06-21
Berlin

THROUGH THE postwar years,
L Russia under Stain launched
many a peace offensive; but
each time, before the West had
time to let down its guard, the
Reds committed some blatant act
of aggression, and the Western
defensive build-up continued.
Students of communism often
wondered why the Russians did
not sustain a peace offensive. A
long period of soft-talk probably
could induce the free world to
waver and then relax, leaving it
wide open for a sudden blow. Why
didn't the Reds try it?
Soon after Stain died last
March, Russia did start a suS-
tanned peace offensive. It is still
going on.
First results were impressive
from the Red point of view. There
we're strong movements through
the demo0acies to cut back de-
Tense spending. The European
army scheme began to wither. The
North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-
tion's growth was slowed down.
And the allies were set to hicker-
ing among themselves over Rus
Sia'S intentions.
Rosh Of Protests
But recently the peace offensive
began to backfire. Workers in
Czechoslovakia rioted in protest
when the Communist puppets
there lowered real wages severely.
There were reports of demonstra-
tions in Bulgaria against the bread
scarcity. In the Ukraine, officials
were purged for imposing Rus
sian culture at the expense of
Ukrainian culture. Soviet officials
in Lithuania also were removed
for being too hard on the people.
Last Wednesday the East Ger
man puppet government was
rocked to its very foundations by a
spectacular workers demonstra-
ton against Communist rule. It
was Quelled only after Soviet
troops, with tanks and machine
guns, asserted the authority Of
force.
The new Russian rulers were
learning, perhaps why Stain had
Evening star., 1953-06-21
Outlook

The United Nations, by DR..
Rhee's action, has been backed
into a particularly uncomfortable
corner. It must now make the
best of a bad situation. Obviously,
something Is salvageable - but
what?
First of all, a truce still can
be salvaged. The tough talk at
Panmunjom yesterday seemed
more indicative of Red willingness
to cease fire than of a desire to
block an armistice. But the Reds
will use the stick of DR.. Rhee's
rash act to beat the UN. unmerci-
fully and to extract every atom
of propaganda from the fasco.
The Communists demanded the
return of the $4,000 missing POWs.
This is fatty impossible to achieve,
and the Reds must know it. They
also asked assurance that 1t
would not happen again-knowing
from the figures at hand that
another break of this magnitude
is mathematically impossible.
And in any case, the Reds are
not In an ideal position to make
too much Of the release. Long
ago, the Chinese did just what
DR.. Rhee did last week, on twice
as grand a scale. They turned
loose $4,000 South Korean POWs
and presumably made North Ko-
reans out OF them.
AS a matter of fact, Gen. Har-
rison threatened the Reds last
April 80 with Just the action Rhee
took last week.
EventuoIIy-bu Not Now
The outlook. appears to be for
a truce eventually, but not now,
and not likely on the historic third
anniversary Of the war-next
Thursday.
One sobering thought for DR..
Rhee must be the effect the
weeks developments have had on
his standing abroad. For three
years, the South Koreans were
underdogs and DR.. Rhee was their
symbol. His leadership of the
embattled republic had won him
i1hmeasurable good will. In an
instant he demolished the Syng-
man Rhee legend and revealed
himself in the eyes Of many for
mer admirers as a willful, double
dealing old man.
In this demolition, Dr.. Rhee may
Evening star., 1953-06-21

Ing people everywhere should ap-
plaud Dr.. Rhee, and asked why
anti Communists should be kept
locked up.
s59
Neutrols' Views
& India and Switzerland members
or the flye-power neutral team
scheduled to control POW camps
after the truce, wavered. They
had been uneasy about their roles
from the start, and DR.. Rhee's &C..
ton did nothing to reassure them.
But India seemed to be falling
back in line. Switzerland, how
ever, remained doubtful. Sweden,
another member of the POW team,
saw no reason to back out, Nor
did Czechoslovakia' and Poland,
the Red neutrals, who apparently
were listening in on the party line
when Peiping first called Moscow
about the breakout.
Evening star., 1953-06-21
Confusion

The final legal go-round did
little to clear up the confusion
about the Rosenberg case which
has existed for more than two
years-and the Rosenbergs' parti-
sans did nothing to help. BY
weeks end, the picture was far
out Of focus.
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were
convicted March 20, 1851, Of vio-
lating the Espionage Act ox 1917.
Theirs was part Of a conspiracy,
the jury found, which resulted in
the transmittal of atomic secrets
to the Soviet Union. This con-
spiracy began in 1914, when the
United States was at war with
Germany and Japan, and con-
tinued well into 1850.
The Espionage Act states that
whoever transmits or attempts to
transmit national defense secrets
to any foreign power-with intent
Continued on Page A-2s)
Evening star., 1953-06-21

never carried through on a peace
offensive.
Center Of last weeks trouble
was the Soviet sector Of Berlin--a
peephole in the Iron Curtain
which affords the West a clear
look into the Communist world.
The Communists had announced
an increase in work quotas for
laborers at the huge Stain Alice
housing project in East Berlin. A
few months ago the workers might
have knuckled under to the new
order. But the Reds, as part of
their peace offensive, had an
nounced two weeks ago that they
were ending further communiza-
ton of East Germany and relaxing
some of the worst restrictions and
punishments. On the free side Of
the Iron Curtain the action had
been taken to mean a new, i'm
portant policy of buttering up
the East Germans.
So the workers at Stain Alice
decided last week to take advan-
tage Of the new leniency and pro-
test the increase in quotas. Tues
day they started a parade. Com
munist officials gave tacit ap-
proval to the demonstration. This
would be another fine example of
freedom in the workers paradise.
Soon other Germans joined the
demonstration. Crowds gathered.
Factory workers left their jobs.
Suddenly there were thousands of
Berliners shouting not only for
lower work quotas but for free
elections, unification, independ-
ence. All of the hatred of the Com
munist regime, pent up within the
people for more than seven years,
burst forth In a flood that the
civilian authorities could not
check.
Violence Erupts
The following day the shouting
and marching turned to violence.
Police cars were tipped over, Red
flags were torn down, stones were
thrown, Red leaders were beaten,
buildings were burned, and the
demonstration began to look like
a revolution.
Martial law was declared. The
Red army was called out. Troops
came from as far away as Saxony,
$50 miles to the south. A whole
armored division rolled into Ber-
lin that afternoon. The Berliners,
helped by other demonstrators
who poured in from the East Zone
and from West Berlin, fought the
tanks with sticks and stones. At
least five Germans were killed,
more than 100 were wounded.
The tanks and guns, of course,
won. The demonstration broke up
that night. It was not until the
end Of the week, however, that
most people were back at work.
While this was going on in Ber-
lin, simultaneous demonstrations
were reported in almost all indus
trial cities Of East Germany. Mar
tiaI law was declared throughout
the country. Fighting was par
ticularly heavy in the cities Of
Madgdeburg and Brandenburg.
The American, British and
French commandants in Berlin
quickly scored the Reds for firing
on defenseless Germans and de-
manded that the Communists put
Evening star., 1953-06-21

an end to the forced division of
Berlin.
For their part, Red officials >apol-
ogized over Berlin radios for past
abuses of the workers by the East
German Communist regime. Re-
forms were promised. THE m
crease. in quotas for the Stain Al
lee workers was Cancelled. The
radio pleaded with the demonstra-
tors to return to their jobs. The
riots were blamed on "allied
agents." and thousands were re-
ported arrested.
Democroeies' Cleon Sweep
AS the disturbances died observ-
ers began adding up the score.
Clearly the democracies had won
all the. points in the contest:
. It was a. demonstration by the
workers-the men and women
who, according to Red propa-
ganda, are the great supporters
and the great beneficiaries of
communism. The workers showed
how much they hated communism
and the Russians. And reports
indicated workers in Czechoslo-
vakia, Bulgaria, Lithuania and the
Ukraine were demonstrating the
same feelings.
. The Russians were forced to
show that the mailed fist is the
only authority behind the Iron
Curtain. In the satellite countries
Red soldiers are kept behind the
scenes; local puppets are made to
look as if they are running the
show. But in Germany last week
the puppets showed they were
utterly unable to control the coun-
try. Russian guns had to shoot
down civilians to maintain the Red
regime.
. The workers won many of their
demands. The Communists gave
in to the demonstrators after quiet
had been restored.
. The demonstration was an ex-
ample that may be followed by
other Red workers. If the Berliners
could defy the Communists and
win concessions, then cannot work.
ers in other countries-in Russia
itself-do the same?
The Red peace offensive has
been marred. Communist officials
found that if they let up on their
subject peoples too much, the "un-
grateful" people are likely to take
advantage Of the new liberties and
rise against the Communists.
. A new dilemma faces the Com
munistS: Should they continue
their hitherto successful peace Of
fensive and risk more revolution,
or should they crack down and
xkAaAC q 4d4NO Out Va bA4CA RC0OC
talk?
It was pleasant to watch the
Russians Squirn1.
U. S. Ponders Exploitation
There was question Of what
the United States could do to ex-
ploit the new situation. Certainly
our policy was being restudied in
the State Department and the
White House. Before a new course
could be decided on, however, 1t
would have to be determined
whether the Reds had merely been
tripped up in their peace offensive,
or whether Red control over the
Evening star., 1953-06-21
Reaction

DR.. ,Rhee's quick trick play set
of shock waves Of reaction around
the world. Attitudes varied from
hearty appreciation Of a good job
well done to outraged shrieks of
broken faith.
Korean View z>
The South Koreans could hardly
contain themselves in their glee.
The matter Of the released prison.
ers had been made practically a
nation wide conspiracy. Plans for
the mass break were as well ad-
vertised in advance as q January
white sale.
After the fact, the prisoners
melted into the countryside and
were seized to the bosoms of their
countrymen. Rice bowls were
shared; ragged garments were
given to the escapes; the walls of
shacks bulged as homeless POWs
were taken in by prearrangement.
It was a poor-man's, oriental YER
sion of a typical American CT
homecoming: Nothing's too good
for Our Boys.
Red Chinese View
For "a hours, the Chinese Com
munists were silent. AS time wore
on, 1t began to look as If Peiping
was calling Moscow on the party
line-and was having trouble
getting through.
Finally Peiping radio broke
silence. Syngman Rhee, the run
ming dog of the imperialist Ameri-
can ruling circles" came in for his
share of castigation, of course.
But only as a part Of what the
Reds charged was a plot between
the Americans and the "Syngman
Rhee clique" to break the armistice
even before 1t was signed. Rhee's
real purpose, Peiping said, was to
create two more divisions for his
army by enlisting the released
POWs. The blast was repeated
and amplif1ed yesterday at Pan
munjom. A ROK official said only
volunteers would be taken into the
army.
American View
President Eisenhower lost no
time in telling DR.. Rhee what he
thought Of the plot. The Presi-
dents words were not made public,
but their sense was: Secretary
Dulles said fatty that Rhee's &C.
ton was ''in violation of the au-
thority Of the United Nations
Command to which the Republic
Of Korea had agreed" He referred
twice to the good faith of the
United States in q way that made
it clear he considered the Korean
action bad faith.
There was, however, one official
word Of congratulation for DR..
Rhee. It came from Senator Nc
Carthy OF Wisconsin, who regards
himself as the worlds No. I Com
mie lighter. He said 1reodom-lov-
Evening star., 1953-06-21
Rosenbergs

THE CONTRAST between the
l. death of Will Goettling and
that of julius and Ethel Rosenberg
last week was little less than
startling.
The hapless German was led to
a wall and soon lay dead beneath
Fa hail Of Russian bullets. For him
there was no trial, no involved
legal maneuverS, no astute lawyers,
no appeals to the Chief of State for
executive clemency, no well-heeled
and vociferous COMMITTEES to Sc
cure Justice in the Goettling Case"
For the Rosenbergs there were
all of these and more before they
died just before sundown Friday
in expiation of a crime the trial
Judge had called worse than
murder"
But in the nature of things, Will
Goettling will be forgotten except
by a few, while the Rosenbergs will
join Sacco and Vanzetti, Karl Lieb-
knecht and Rosa Luxembourg in
the weird hagiology of left-wing
martyrs.
Full Justice
But martyrs or not, this much
can be adduced from the circum-
stances surrounding the Rosenberg
case: The two atomic conspirators
received at the hands of American
justice every single protection af-
forded an accused. Seven times
their case was brought 10 the full
Supreme Court, and on three other
occasions individual justices ruled.
Clemency twice was requested and
twice denied. In all, 814 days
elapsed from the day they were
found guilty until the evening they
died.
In their final hours of life, the
RosenbergS were the subjects Of
a frenzy of litigation such as has
not been seen in the memory Of
the Oldest Supreme Court hand.
In nutshell, this was what hap
pened on the legal front in that
hectic week:
. Monday. The court ruled 5-4
against motions to stay the execu-
ton (set for Thursday at II p.m.)
and to review the Rosenberg case.
Later the court voted 7-2 against
a habeas corpus petition.
. Tuesday. Justice william o.
Douglas accepted appeals for Cd
a writ of habeas corpus and (2D
a stay pending ruling on the
legality of the Rosenbergs' death
sentences.
. Wednesday. Justice Douglas
denied the habeas corpus writ but
stayed execution pending settle
ment of the question brought up
in the second petition. Chief
Justice Fred M. Vinson, at the re-
quest of Attorney General Brow
nell, convened the court for a spe-
cial term starting at noon Thurs.
day.
. Thursday. Lawyers for the
Government on the one hand and
the Rosenbergs and Los Angeles
next friend" on the other argued
the issue of legality of the death
sentence. The court recessed over
night, causing the executions to
be called off less than five hours
before they were to take place.
. Friday. The court, by a vote
reported by one of its members
to be 6-3, vacated the stay of
execution and affirmed the legality
of the death sentence. Justice
Burton refused to order another
stay. President Eisenhower denied
q clemency appeal.
Evening star., 1953-06-21

could be sent to the front Ines
But this did not explain the fail-'
ure to take special precautions In
the last few weeks. Senator Hem
sdrickson of New Jersey has ASKED
that the Armed Services Commit
tee look Into this aspect.
Evening star., 1953-06-21

DR.. ,Rhee's quick trick play set
of shock waves Of reaction around
the world. Attitudes varied from
hearty appreciation Of a good job
well done to outraged shrieks of
broken faith.
Evening star., 1953-03-15
Special Radio Show
For Red Cross Set
Tomorrow Night

E. ROLAND Hartman. national
president of the Red Cross, will
make a special appeal for con-
tributions in the current $93
million fund drive during a spe-
cial Hollywood broadcast tomor-
row night.
Irene Dunno will be mistress
of ceremonies, and others on the
program will be Eddie Cantor,
Dinah Shore. jeff Chandler and
AL Goodman's orchestra.
The broadcast is scheduled for
10:35 pm. (EST) over the Ma
tional Broadcasting Co. radio
network.
The quota in this years drive
includes an added 81 million to
finance the production from hui
man blood to gamma globulin to
fight polio.
The Metropolitan Area cam
paign. with a quota of $1.531, :
900, has reached only 26.8 per
cent of its goal in the first hall
of the month-long drive.
The local goal represents an
increase of $145, 700 over that of
last year. The additional money
is needed to help meet the addi-
tional Red Cross blood commit
ments and expanded recreational
services for the armed forces
overseas.
Evening star., 1953-03-15
Cornered Youth Shot
By Policeman When
He Tries 10 Escape

A 19-year-old colored youth
last night was shot by a Ninth
Precinct policeman while trying
to make a break from an alley
in which he was cornored.
The youth, John McCray, Of
405 K street NE, was in critical
condition in Gallinger Hospital
with a wound in the lower back.
According to police, Benjamin
Green, colored, of 1860 owens
street N. E.. approached Pvt.
Daniel r. Gonzales, 25, Of the
Ninth Precinct about 800 pm.
to report he had been threatened
by a man with a AS caliber gun.
in a poolroom in the 1900 block
OF H street NE.
Pvt. Gonzales accompanied
Mr.. Green to the poolroom but
the man was gone. Witnesses
said they had seen a man
brandishing a pistol but he had
left, police said.
A short while later Pvt. Con.
zales spotted a youth answer
ing the description in an alley,
in the same block. The officer
said he told the youth he was
under arrest and noticed he
was holding something under.
his coat"
When the youth made a break,
Pvt. Gonzales fired four shots.
The youth escaped. but later was
located when police responded to
a gunshot wound call at Gall
linger Hospital.
Evening star., 1953-03-15
Stanley B. Pierson,
FormerAttorne

Stanley B. Pierson. about So
former Washington tax attorney
died Friday of a heart attack in
st. Petersburg, Fla, friends here
were advised yesterday.
Formerly he was an associate
with the tax law firm of Cam
& Long in the Bowen Building,
SIS Fifteenth street NV. He
also had been assistant regional
counsel for the Bureau of In
ternal Revenue at Cincinnati,
Ohio. .u
Mr. Pierson was born in Allen
town, N. ]. He was graduated
from the National University
Law School here. He was men,
ber of the District Bar Associa-
ticn.
He left Washington in 1850
for his health. He has been liv-
ing in st. Petersburg since.
The lawyer is survived by his
widow. Mrs. Mildred A. Pierson
of st. Petersburg. His Sister-in-
law. Mrs. Paul F. Schmid of 1923
Maple avenue, Bethesda. Md.
also survives. Mr.. Schmid is an
attorney in the Chief Counsel's
Office of the Internal Revenue
Bureau here.
Funeral services for Mr.. Pier
son will be held at 2::30 pm. to-
morrow at the Wilhelm Funeral
Home, st. Petersburg. Burial will
in a cemetery there.
Evening star., 1953-03-15
Veteran, 1O6, Sees Lawyer
In Riddle Estate Fiqht
BY the Asseeiatsd Pres,

AUSTIN, Tex, Mar. a.
Thomas Evans Riddle, 106-year-
old Confederate veteran who
wants to share a 81 million
estate, talked with a lawyer from
Kentucky about it here today.
Rodes K. Myers of Bowling
Green, KY, wanted Mr.. Riddle to
fly to Media, Pa, to testify Mon
day in lawsuit over the will
of the late Samuel D. Riddle,
owner of the famed race horse
Man O'War.
But officials at the Confederate
Home for Men, where Mr.. Riddle
lives, vetoed the trip as too dam
gerous for the aged man.
Mr.. Riddle, one of Texas two
remaining Confederate veterans,
signed a petition January 19 in
the suit contesting Samuel
Riddles will. The suit was
brought by 81 relatives.
The Confederate veteran claims
he is an older brother of the
famous turfman, and wants to
share in the estate.
Mr.. Riddle received several
marriage proposals after it be-
came known he was taking part
in the will case.
Evening star., 1953-03-15
Young Cerebral Palsy Victims
Aid Drive for Benefit Show

Two 7-year-old girls afflicted
with cerebral palsy did their bit
yesterday at the Raleigh Hotel to
further the coming Lauritz Mel
chior show in Constitution Hall.
Funds from the show at $50
p.m.,. March %, will go towards
the medical program for cerebral
palsy victims in the Washington
area. There are $500 victims
here, with facilities provided by
the District capable of taking
care of only 8 per cent.
The two girls, Jean Ruediger
and Mary Jo Coan, were cheer
full and alert during their stint
of bringing the show to the pub
lies attention.
Jean, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. Karl Ruediger of 4808
Brandywine street NV, dis
played great interest in the notes
the reporter was taking despite
the strong glasses she was wear
ing. She has a visual handicap
that makes reading impossible at
present. Her parents plan to
have the child learn Braille next
year at the Bancroft School.
Jean enjoys television, al
Though she has to get close to
see the pictures. She also likes to
pick out notes on the piano. Mrs