davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-02-16

a previous decision by the
voters rather than any sue
cess in converting those who
have already decided.
The Michigan study also
would tend to confirm the
theory that it is the previous
reputation Of the major party
itself rather than the respect
ability or stature Of the can
didate which counts. especially
when he Is relatively unknown
when nominated.
The Michigan study also
puts the undecided" or "un-
committed" vote in proper
perspective. It says:
Some voters, approximately
10 per cent, wavered from one
candidate to the other down
to the last week or two Of the
campaign. These procrastina-
tors finally split their votes in
about the same ratio as did
all other voters. This was in
marked contrast to the 1948
campaign when, according to
an earlier research center
study, a late shift Of undecided
voters to the Democratic coll
umn played an important part
in helping elect President
Truman"
The mistake made by most
of the 1948 pollsters was to
assume the "uncommitted"
vote would split in the same
ratio as the other voters. This
did happen. of course. in 1852.
But it raises the question now
whether the decided" vote
also may have been wrongly
polled in 1948. because if it
had been recorded in a ratio
substantially in favor of Mr..
Truman, the undecided" vote
might well have been found to
be the same as the decided"
vote.
Analysis of these studies will
tend to show the Importance
of the decided" rather than
the undecided" vote in po-
litical campaigns. This should
encourage both Republican
and Democratic leaders to
mind what they are doing and
saying now, instead of depend
ing on campaign oratory to
extoll or to attack the record,
as the case may be.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1953-02-16
Thomas L. Stokes:

The voice of the consumer
is again heard in the land
with an echo in Washington.
Consumer interest has been
aroused over two current de-
velopments: Cd The removal
of price controls, the effect
of which will be watched
closely at the retail counter;
co q revelation in connection
with the slight reduction in
meat prices which has pricked
consumer curiosity.
AS for the second, 1t may
be explained that, when meat
prices fell q bit, we were told
by the experts that this re-
flected q slow. steady drop
in prices received by the pro-
ducer that began months ago.
Immediately consumers be-
gan to ask questions. Why
did the lower prices on the
farm take 30 long to reach
the retail customer? What
happened in between, and
why, and, to paraphrase an
old wheeze. who got the
money?
This goes, necessarily, to all
the intermediate steps in our
complicated processing and
distributing system.
For q long time some mem
bers Of Congress have been
interested in this tortuous and
tedious, II essential, journey
from producer to consumer.
whether in food or manufac-
tured goods. They have at
tempted to explore it, though
thus far without success.
Another attempt is now be-
ing made in Congress with
the backing Of a large num-
Der Of consumer organizations.
This is through resolutions 10
Evening star., 1953-02-16
David Lawrence:

There's much food for
thought in the results Of a
post-election survey made by
the survey research center OF
the University of Michigan,
just announced. 1t could in
fluence the thinking and the
course of action of both par
ties in Congress between now
and the next elections.
The study-which was scien-
tiflcally conducted, with inter-
views among voters Of all
kinds, both before and after
the election-is an example Of
the real service that public
opinion polls can render when
they conf1ne themselves to re-
search on the behavior Of the
electorate rather than to pre-
dictions of the outcome of elec-
tionS.
The University Of Michigan'S
fact finders reveal that Gen.
Eisenhower won by swinging
a substantial number of Demo-
Gratis into the Republican col
umn while holding virtually all
of the traditional Republican
voters"
It was found, too, that zone
out of five votes came from
Democrats who crossed party
lines" and that independent
voters, those with no custom
ary party preference, also went
for Gen. Eisenhower by a two
to-one margin"
Thus, there is support for
both of the views held by Re-
publican theorists before the
election. Senator Taft always
argued that the Republicans
could win by holding their own
vote and converting Democrats
who thought the same way.
Others insisted that the Gin
dependent" voters who had no
particular party ties consti-
tuted the balance of power.
The Michigan research re-
port says that the Eisenhower
victory wasn't brought about
'by the detection of any par
ticular group from the Demo-
cratic ranks, but by a general
shift toward the Republican
candidate in almost all classes
of voters"
Labor leaders will note that
the Michigan interviewers dis
covered that, while "labor-
Evening star., 1953-02-16
Democratic Risk Paws Off
Stevenson Was in Top Form at JeffersonJookson Dinner
And Morqoret Trunon Proved Unexpected Dividend

quiet question with her lips:
did I do all right?"
Averell Hartman, chairman
of the dinner, also displayed
his hard-won political aplomb
to good advantage. Mr..
Hartman in the past has
often been so inaudible as to
seem downright inept but his
plunge into politics apparently
has taught him to run his
political trains on time.
It was the more distressing
therefore to the New Yorkers
as they bent an elbow in
quiet hotel suites later to learn
that such legal authorities as
Samuel Rosenman, former
Roosevelt counsel, and Lloyd
Garrison had ruled Mr.. Harri-
man ineligible under local law
to run for the New York
mayoralty. Mr.. RoSenman
said firmly that it was folly
to run Mr.. Hartman in the
teeth Of an inevitable legal
action by his rivals which
must succeed in the courts.
Mr.. Hartman, who has voted
as a resident of Orange County
where the old Hartman es-
tates are, has run afoul of the
Lyons law which requires city
offlceholders to reside here.
He is described as at first ap-
palled by the idea Of mayoral
responsibilities in this crime
ridden city, then excited by
the prospect Of such q reward
ing task, and now cast down
by the views Of the legal
eagles.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate. Incl
Evening star., 1953-02-16
'ForQotten' Treaties With Russia
Confusing Defense Attitude of France and Britain
Nay Be Due to Agreements With Soviets

celled in the art Of juggling
facts and 1t is certain that
in the event of attack
against Europe it would claim
that it was acting in self de-
fense. Will Stain in such an
eventuality pull out Of the
drawer the treaty Of 1912 with
Britain and the similar treaty
with France signed four years
later and demand that their
terms be fully complied with
by our two most important
allies in Western Europe?
Regardless of diplomatic
speculations. the administra-
ton in Washington is wonder-
ing why under the existing
circumstances, when the U. s.
S. r. is waging a shooting war
by proxy in the Far East and q
cold war in Europe. the gov
ernmentS of Britain and
France have not found it adj
visable to denounce the two
treaties. Russia has disre-
garded them continuously.
While Russia committed her.
self formally to work ''in close.
friendly collaboration after
the end of the war for the
organization of peace, security
and economic prosperity in
Europe" she has done every
thing in her power to prevent
achievement of those purposes.
It Is probable that Britain's
Foreign Minister Anthony
Eden and Frances Premier
Rene Mayer will be asked
some pertinent questions on
this subject when they visit
Washington in the next few
Evening star., 1953-02-16
Thon1os [. Stokes
SpotIiqht on the Midd|ennon
Congress Interest in Morket-to-Consunner Process
Revived by Meat Prices and Removal of Controls

the House is a bill reintro-
duced by Representative Din
gell, Democrat, Of Michigan,
for an independent consumer
counsel, appointed by the
President, vino would be dele
gated to appear before Gov
ernment agencies in behalf Of
consumers.
The difficulty always in deal
ing with the consumer" is
that he is a nebulous figure,
usually with a double person.
ality. For he generally is
also a producer or a middle
man or associated with such
in his daily business. Often
what he does as a producer or
middleman comes back, some
times in a devious and round
about way not always clearly
understood, to affect him ad-
versely as a consumer.
Both sides are dramatized in
the present farm price situ-
alton. City consumers are
elated over the fall in farm
prices in anticipation Of
cheaper food. Farmers. on
the contrary. are disturbed.
This is reflected in the angry
hazing by some Of their rep
resentatives in Congress Of
Secretary Of Agriculture Ben
son who Is being implored to
act to check the downward
movement.
Intelligent city consumers
know two things. One Is that
the farmer also Is q consumer,
and Of things city folks make,
and if the farmer lacks sufl-
cient income to buy what the
city worker produces, then
the city worker is affected
and can buy less of what the
farmer raises. Thus a cycle
begins, such o cycle stl tl we
Evening star., 1953-02-16

establish a select Committee
on Consumer Interest, a con-
tinuous fact-finding congress
sional group. This would give
special attention to the basic
problem mentioned above, that
is, prices charged the ulti-
mate consumer for food, fuel,
clothing and the costs and
methods Of producing, process
ing and distributing these and
other consumer goods"
A resolution before the Sem
ate, introduced by Senator
Gillette, Democrat, Of Iowa.
and jointly sponsored by Is
other Senators, would create
a select Senate Committee on
Consumer Interest, while a
resolution before the House,
sponsored by Representative
Javits, Republican, Of New
York, and % other House
members, would set up a joint
Senate House Congressional
Committee for the same pur-
pose. Both resolutions enjoy
bipartisan support.
At the end of the last Con-
gress the Gillette resolution
was approved by the Senate
Rules and Administration
Committee, but too little time
was left for Senate action.
When reintroduced in this
Congress, it was referred to the
Senate Banking and Currency
Committee, instead Of the
Rules Committee. It's speedy
approval has been asked by
Senator Gillette in a letter to
Senator Capehart. Republican,
of Indiana, Senate Banking
and Currency Committee
chairman. The Javits resolu-
ton is pending before the
House Rules Committee.
Another consumer move N
Evening star., 1953-02-16
Doris FIeeson:

NEW YORK, Feb. 16.-
Democratic leaders are breath
ing more easily today.
The risks they took in stag
ing a Jefferson-Jackson Day
dinner in the Waldorf Astoria
so early in the Eisenhower
honeymoon and amid New
York's pestilent scandals paid
off, financially and otherwise.
Making his first post-elec-
ton political address. Adlai
Stevenson proved himself
again the polished wit, the
accomplished phrase-maker
and responsible statesman.
This was very comforting to
the party out of power which
also welcomes his plans to
keep himself in fighting trim
on the issues with a lengthy
tour of sensitive areas abroad.
Mr.. Stevenson plans to do
both a book and magazine ar
ticleS.
The dinner was a financial
success. After an SOS to va
rious centers of party strength.
including the Washington Of
ficeholders, the New Yorkers
pulled in 1,700 guests at 500
per. They also picked up a
little extra change-$2, ,750-
with a sale of chances on q
500 bill autographed by Harry
Truman.
The unexpected dividend
yielded by the dinner was the
successful debut Of q new and
attractive political figure, Miss
Margaret Truman.
Miss Truman, smiling and
poised, practiced the old
Evening star., 1953-02-16

three-s rule of politics and won
an ovation. She stood up so
they could see her, she spoke
up so they could hear her, and
she sat down so they didn't
get tired of her.
The former Presidents
daughter, who will be 20 to-
morrow, is living in a New
York hotel here and working
hard at her television-music
career. What her hopes and
plans beyond that are she does
not say.
The extent of her co-opera-
tion with her party, however,
was the subject Of much ia
vorable comment around the
Waldorf. She attended the
private luncheon for Mr.. Ste
venson, she looked in on va
rious small conferences, she
was on hand early and beauti-
fully dressed for the inevitable
handshakingS and picture-ta
ings. How she feels about it
she said in her own we'll
chosen remarks, which were:
II was speaking to Mr..
Hartman the other day and
I said to him that now is the
time for all good Democrats
to stand up and be counted
I have never been more proud
in my life to stand up and be
counted in such distinguished
company"
This said, she returned to
her seat where, amid the ap-
plause, she made an appeal
ing gesture to friends seated
below the dais, forming the
Evening star., 1953-02-16

saw end up in the depression
of the late 192Os and early
1930s in which a depressed ag-
riculture was the initial and
melting factor.
The intelligent city con-
sumer also knows, secondly,
that the price the farmer
gets is only partly the story
of what the city consumer
pays. There is a big spread
between the farm and the
city dining room table that
goes to somebody in the vari-
GUS processing and distribute
ing steps. But, these middle
men are part of our marketing
process, and also an important
part of our economy, and are
also consumers as well as
businessmen. They, too, have
a stake.
Whether there are too many
steps in between, whether the
toll taken along the route is
too high in some cases, are
questions that could well be
explored, either by a select
congressional committee on
consumer interest, or by some
other agency. There is much
that is unknown, perhaps
much that is uneconomic or
unfair. An investigation not
only would reveal that. but
also would contribute to an
understanding by various eco
nomic groups of each other,
such as, for instance, the city
consumer and the farmer.
Evening star., 1953-02-16

clearly that both allies will act
in accordance with the two
principles Of mot seeking ter
ritorial aggrandizement for
themselves and non-interfer-
ence in the internal affairs Of
other states"
Prime Minister Churchill in
vented the term Iron Curtain"
TO- express graphically Russia's
territorial aggrandizement and
interference in the affairs Of
our loyal allies such as the
Poles and Czechs. Still the
postwar British governments.
whether Labor or Conserva-
tive, overlooked this breach Of
the treaty and never even
suggested its abrogation.
But more astonishing is the
fact that the Kremlin itself.
which is so sensitive to the
slightest breach OF obligations
by other nations, has found
it convenient to say very little
about Britain participating in
the NATO. Article 7 Of the
treaty contains the clause:
Each high contracting party
undertakes not to conclude
any alliance and not to take
part in any coalition directed
against the other high con-
tracing party"
The British government is
today one of the keystones Of
the North Atlantic pact, de-
scribed sometimes as. the West
ern coalition. It is true that
the purpose of this coalition
is not aggressive. It was Gre
ated to resist Soviet aggression
against the free nations Of
Western Europe.
But the Kremlin is unex-
The guardian., 1953-05-23

Knights Templar Commandery
and the Shrine and a member
of John Calvin Fidelity Union.
For years Mrs. Fields has been
an active member in the First
Baptist Church of Braintree
and is past matron of Serena
Chapter, Eastern Star of Boston
and Past Grand Treasurer of
the Grand Chapter. Mr.. Fields
is on the staff of the Wey-
mouth -Braintree Cooperative
Store, and has been for years,
On this golden Wedding Anniv-
ersary, tho there was rain out
side, gold and sunshine was in
sioe where laughter and happi-
ness prevailed.
The guardian., 1953-05-23

to the Medford Plan E Associ-
alton Board. They are Mrs.
Madeline Garnett, our Bay
state Mother Of 1852; Mr.. Ray
Sheldon, president of the Com
munity center; Mr. Leo Bar
ros, Board member of the W.
Medford Civic Club, and Mr..
Kieth Rawlins, program activ-
tiles director at the Center.
The Junior Matrons who are
differing a scholarship this
year to grads, are presenting a
formal dance, Friday, June IL,
at N. e. Mutual Hall, with the
public invited. The Ward
Beautiful" 1853 contest being
sponsored by the Medford
Garden and Hobby Club, which
will award prizes this summer,
seems to be meeting fine re-
sponse throughout the COM
munity.
The guardian., 1953-05-23
MAIDEN

In spite of the very inclement
weather, there was large ap-
probation congregation present
to hear the pastor preach on
"The Superb Generosity of God'
and to participate in the Annual
Spring Rally by the Trustee
Board, the partial report was
$796.2 .25. Music was by the Sen
ior Choir, Mrs. Adele Evans di-
recting. Soloist Mr.. Ralph Hen
sey. Visitors were Mrs. Stevens
Of Dallas, Texas, Mrs. Peggy
Stevens, RoXbury, Miss Cecile
Jefferson, sister of Mrs. Sara
Carter, retired director of the
Dining Hall and Cafeteria of
Fisk University, Nashville, Tenn;
DR.. Ayodelle Samuels of Wess
Africa, doing graduate work at
Harvard.
Sunday School at 1890, Mr.
Fred Gibson leader. A group of
the Sunday School pupils and
workers went to Winchester to
attend the Mystic Baptist Sun
day School Union,
Thursday evening P.TA. Con-
ference, Miss Olive Denniston
guest speaker. Miss Josephine
Collins, chairlady.
The Sunday School Birthday |
Party at the Parish House, Fri |
day. May 20. All the men are
requested to join in the Clean
Up Drive at the Church and
Parish House, Saturday, May 3d. |
Many plan to go to Brockton |
Sunday to attend 1st anniver-
sary Of deaconesses Of Messiah |
Church. The sick list includes |
Mrs. Gaddie, Maiden Hospital;
Miss Hines, Mr.. L. A. Carter, Sr.,
Mrs. Esther Humphries. Mrs. |
sister, Mrs. Ruth |
johnson, spent the weekend |
with her. She few in from DC. |
Mr. and Mrs. Paul Sampson |
wish to thank all for their kind |
ness to their son Albert while |
he was hospitalized at Whidden |
Memorial Hospital.
The guardian., 1953-05-23
Prophet Jones
Tours Chicago

Chicago-The much talked
about Prophet James F. Jones,
who was recently giftd a $4,000
platinum mink coat by two
Chicago ladies' for aiding their
sick mother, came to Chicago
this week displaying more OF
the same fantastic splendor
in keeping with his reputation.
Off1cially the Prophet from
Detroit was in town for a Sc
ries of 10 meetings for his fol-
lowers. And what meetings
these were! He began his first
one, four hours late but made
up for his hardness by STEP
ping out of a white, custom
built, chauffeur driven Cadil-
lac and onto a white carpet
which was unrolled just as he
arrived. He himself was dress
ed for the occasion with
scarlet cape-style coat and
white ia inset just so. Accom-
panying him into the meeting
was a complete retinue of foot
men and bodyguards.
On taking his stand behind
the pulpit, the Prophet gave
his listeners some earthly"
advice. Said His Holiness,
and World Premier" Cities
by the followers: Regardless
of what powers other countries
may have, America will always
be free"
The guardian., 1953-05-23
CAMBRIDGE

Last Sunday morning, spite
of the rain, a goodly number
heard Pastor Galloway preach
out "The Art of Comforting"
to the good of their souls. The
senior choir rendered inspiring
numbers; and the spirit of those
present made up for the lack OF
numbers, resulting in a goodly
contribution. At night
the church doors were opened
to Massasoit Lodge and Juanita
Temple, IB.P.O.E.W. for their
annual oratorical contest, and
an interesting session it proved
to be. Opening with the "Star
Spangled Banner" the Pastor in.
voked Divine Blessing. After
this Master of Ceremonies Mar
tin E. Johnson was introduced
by Co-Chairman Zaretta
Brooks. Vocal solos were con-
tributed by Barbara Tally, So
prano, and Fred W. Riggs bar
itone, DR.. Albert c. Saunders,
Cambridge dentist, spoke on
Health, and David Wendell
Jones, Sr., teacher in Somer-
vile High School, spoke on Ed
ucation". The oratorical con-
test was won by George Brew
ington. with Myria Goodridge
second. Judges were Olivia
Solomons, Satyra P. Bennett
and George Douglass. Time
keeper was Elmer Smith.
Daughter Lillian Kicker, State
Director Of Education, was
among the many notables pre-
sent.
The guardian., 1953-05-23
SOUTH SHORE

The South Shore Citizens
Club is about to hold its An
nual Scholarship Tea on May
31st, so we wish to talk about
two of its prominent members
and ardent workers, Mr.. and
Mrs. Edward Fields of Wey-
mouth.
The Fields are an institution
in Weymouth, having lived in
their own home at 673 Summer
Street for the past thirty-fwe
years. Quite recently this
couple celebrated their fiftieth
wedding anniversary which was
the Spring event on the South
Shore. Over two hundred
people streamed in and out du-
ring the afternoon-evening
Open House. Their daughter
Mrs. Ruby Smith arrived from
Alexandria, Va. with driving
companions, a niece, Miss Mo-
dena White and two friends
Mrs. Georgiana Redd and Miss
Jean Taylor. Mrs. Smith
brought huge wedding cake
that was on display to the de-
light of everyone who came.
Mrs. Smith acted as head host
ess for her parents and was
ably assisted by relatives,
friends and members of the
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Coopera-
tive Society. This Society pre-
sented a tree" the "leaves"
of which were one dollar bills.
A purse was presented by the
Rev. and Mrs. Samuel J. Riggs
on behalf of the First Baptist
Church of Braintree of which
Mr.. and Mrs. Fields are mem
bers. The members of the
South Shore Citizens Club were
there in body and its pres
ident Miss Mabel Diggs pre-
sented the couple a purse Of
silver dollars from the MEM
bers. Many other monetary
gifts were sent and an orchic
corsage was pinned on Mrs
Fields from the Ladies GgilC
of the ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Cooperative Society. There
was a profusion of flowers Civ
en- and more gifts than could be
counted in a hurry. Telegrams
were received from Newark,
Nj, Alexandria, Va; Washing
ton, DC; birmingham, Mass;
and the South Shore. A second
wedding anniversary cake APP
peared from nowhere, so
friends had plenty to take home
after enjoying the wonderful
collation..
Mr.. and Mrs. Fields were
5oth born in Alexandria, Va:
they went to school together
did their counting there end
were married in 1908. For
twenty-seven years Mr.. Fields
was employed in the Ammuni-
ton Depot at bingham, retiring
in 1914; he was wounded
there during an explosion in
1925 and will ever carry a
shoulder scar as result. Tho
wounded he helped others less
fortunate than himself carried
from the debris and holds a
letter of commendation sent
him by the Secretary of the
Navy. He is a longtime mem
Der and at present junior ward
en- of King Solomon Lodge, A.
F. and AM. of Boston and a
member of Hiram Grand Lodge
of Mass. A member of the
-
The guardian., 1953-05-23

In spite Of automatic dish
washers and calculating ma
chimes, the hardest part of most
Jobs must still be done with
brain and muscle
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-02-11
Senator's Secretary
Loses Purse to Thief

A secretary in the Office Of
Senator Smathers. Democrat Of
Florida, told police her purse
was stolen last night.
Lucille B. Babbs, Of 122 Thir-
tenth street NV, said . col
ored man grabbed her purse
from her arm as she was walking
In the 1900 block Of N street
NV, near her home, at 10 pm.
The purse contained $13. pa
pers, and keys to the Senator's
Office and her apartment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-02-11
House Committee 10 Hold
Hearing on TideIands
By the Kssoeiated Press

The House Judiciary Commit
tee announced yesterday it will
open a hearing next Tuesday on
legislation to give the States
clear title to the submerged
coastal lands.
Attorney General Brownell Is
to be the first witness.
The Senate Interior Commit
tee is to open a hearing Monday
on the controversial issue involv-
ing the oil-bearing areas--often
called the TidelandS.