davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
Dorothy Thompson:
Dorothy THOMPSON:
A laxative Fellow, >Ex-Gov. Lane
His Tale OF Private Espionage Aids Red Propaganda
BY Hurting U. S. Defense Against Soviet Chorqes

OF all the stories Of recent
weeks, the most fantastic in
wolves the pilot in the Polish
air force who flew q jet
fighter from Poland to the
Danish island of Bornholm
where he turned the plane
over to the Danish authorities
and asked for asylum as q
political refugee.
According to newspaper re-
ports, representatives of Brit
ish and American intelligence
agencies were Immediately on
the spot to examine the plane,
a copy or variation Of the Rus
sian MIG-15, regarding whose
construction the Western pow
erS are interested.
The Polish government de-
manded repatriation Of plane
and pilot; the Danish govern
ment agreed to the former,
but granted asylum to the
flyer. as a political refugee.
Then, the former Governor
Of Maryland, William Preston
Lane, jr., now a member of
the board Of the Fairchild
Engine and Airplane Corp,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
BohIen Gets Off the Hook
Dulles Bucks Mccarthy Merchandising Axis
To Win Committee Approval for Ambassador

loyalty to any administration
that utilized his services.
Processing great respect for
Mr.. KEENAN, and his abilities.
Mr.. Dulles charged him with
now having certain precon-
ceived ideas" about the Soviet
which would tend to make his
reporting "doctrinaire." The
Secretary said Mr.. Remnants
theories were "well founded"
but had already set up the re-
sistance in the Soviet Union
which led that country to ask
for his recall.
Senators said Mr.. Dulles
went down the line for
Mr.. Bohlen. declaring him
uniquely qualified" He said
he would gladly employ the
career diplomat in any BUSH
ness. Mr.. Dulles said imme-
diate confirmation was urgent
and he reminded the commit
tee it had confirmed Mr.. Bob
len two years ago for counselor
of the department, q far more
influential position.
Mr.. Bohlen was equally firm
when Senator Ferguson again
started on, Yalta. Patiently,
the Roosevelt interpreter went
over the circumstances at the
time. Asked If Chang Kali
Shek should not have been at
Yalta, he said no, they had to
have secrecy and anything
Chungking knew was always
known to everybody.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
Constantine Brown:

There is a growing concern
among realistic thinkers in
Washington that the free
world may find itself in serious
trouble with the U. s. S. r. and
at least some Of its satellites
before the end Of this year.
To most diplomatic and mil
itary observers, Georgi Malen-
kov, the new top Red in the
Kremlin, appears even more
treacherous and sinister than
his predecessor.
The reasons for the in
creased concern stem princi-
pally from the fact that after
at least five years Of warning
signals, the free world is to-
tally unprepared to meet an
early Red onslaught on the
Asiatic and European fronts.
Besides the overwhelming Red
superiority in combat = ready
ground forces, the Muscovites
have a definite quantitative
and qualitative superiority in
the air. Furthermore, the Brit
ish First Lord Of the Admiral
ty equivalent to our Secretary
of the Navy announced this
week to an aStounded House Of
Commons that the U. S. S. r.
now has become the second
largest naval power in the
world. The Soviets, according
to that British official, have in
commission $50 modern sub
marines, including the Snorkel
type; SO powerful cruisers, a
larger number of aircraft car
riers than Britain, and an I'M
disclosed number of battle
ships.
"The U. S. s. r." said the
First Lord, ''has a navy more
powerful than that of the COM
bined NATO countries. except
the United States"
We continue to possess the
worlds largest and strongest
navy, although our Nays
logiStic tasks are far more
burdensome than those of the
SovietS. Russia's principal lines
of communication, in the event
OF war, are by land. We must
depend on. the sea lanes for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
CeyIon Abets Murder in Korea
She Processes to Oppose Communism, but Sends
Rubber to Red Chino for the Money She Con Get

materials and that financial
gain is more important.
The Ceylon government had
a chance to sell its rubber to
the United States but insisted
on trying to gouge the Ameri-
can Government by demand
ing a high price. Indeed, the
Red Chinese paid a 40 per cent
premium above the world price
to get the rubber, and they ar
ranged to pay for it by ship
ping rice to Ceylon.
The American Government,
under the Truman administra-
ton, promised to obtain the
rice for Ceylon'S people and
also started a negotiation for
point four" economic aid to
Ceylon. But it became ap-
parent soon that the govern
ment of this so-called free
nation was engaged in black
mail.
Hence. the American Gov
eminent put a limit on the
price Of the rubber and the
negotiations collapsed. Then
Ceylon, deliberately disregard
ing the plight of the soldiers
of the free world, arranged to
send rubber to help the Red
Chinese trucks carry their mu-
nitionS and to equip Red
planes to drop bombs so that
the murder on the Korean
front might be prolonged.
The words of the Ceylon
government. in seeking a few
weeks ago to justify it's action.
sound empty in the face of the
conditions in Korea. It isn't
as if Ceylon's people would
have been deprived of rice or
of money for their rubber at
the price prevailing at the
Singapore market, but prof.
teers would not have got as
much profit. Yet the Ceylon
governments statement says:
1.-THE government of Ceylon
has shared and will always
share the aspirations Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19

political refugee is now in
question. -.
Mr.. Lane also has confirmed
that representatives Of Ameri-
can business are engaged in
espionage behind the Iron Cur
tain. This was the charge made
against Robert Vogeler. repre-
sentative in Hungary of the
; international Telephone and
Telegraph. and against William
Oats. AP correspondent in
Prague, who is in prison. Mr..
Lanes statement will not i'm
prove his position.
In the United Nations, Henry
Cabot Lodge, jr.. has repeatedly
denied Soviet accusations Of
espionage. Now what do we do?
Say that the State Department
and counter intelligence don't
know what American citizens
are up to?
Former Gov. Lane and the
Fairchild Corp. officials may
themselves have been taken
for a ride: the money they put
up may never have been used
for the purpose designated. The
Polish flyer, who, according to
Mr.. Lane. received no money,
may not have been their
man." or, If he was. may not
have known it but have been
genuinely and innocently anx-
ious, on his own, to escape.
Still, we must ask whether It
is permissible for private citi-
zens to engage in espionage
even in behalf Of their own
country. And is 1t quite cred
ible that a responsible citizen,
familiar with government,
would embark. with the con-
sent Of his firms directors, on
such an enterprise without
consulting Government off,
Gals? Or issue a statement
without previously getting q
green light?
Brutal purges are on in the
satellite states of any persons
even suspected of contacts
with the West. What will hap
pen to the Polish flyers rel
atives. or even most casual
friends, now that an appar-
emily responsible American has
stated that the pilot was a
collaboration in a conspiracy
involving others?
And what is and will be the
reaction of our allies. who al.
ready, according to Secretary
OF State Dulles report from
his E European trip, doubt
whether America possesses tho
experience or wisdom to full
NIL her role of world leader.
ship? If Americans do not
know when to keep silent, we
are dangerous to every ally
with whom we associate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19

cally." Senator johnson con-
cluded: 1.-THE lesson Of the past
is unacceptable. We cannot have
military strength by trimming
our defense program to our
desire for ease and luxury"
Our industry points out
proudly that we are far supe-
rior to the Reds in our indus
trial production for civilian
consumption. In 1852 we man
ufactured-despite some re-
strictions on raw materials and
a long steel strike-nearly 6
million civilian motor vehicles.
The Russians have produced
Slightly more than 20 per cent
of that. There are more than
40 million radio sets in Amer
lean homes. Less than 10 per
cent Of that exists in the
U. S. s. r.
But it is. mentioned only
occasionally that the Red air
force is at least twice the size
Of the American and allied
air forces, and that the U. s.
S. r. and her satellites have
more tanks and guns than our
selves. Nobody has heard since
the summer of 1851 that the
Reds in Korea were short Of
ammunition. The few present
large-Scale skirmishes show
they can fire at will. The Rus
sian modern factories are in
some instances on an 18-b~ur
day; the bulk of their produ4-
ton goes directly or indirectly
to their armed forces. Tens Of
thousands Of German special
lists. including distinguished
nuclear physicists, are making
up for Russian lack of tech
nical know-how, particularly
in atomic work and naval con-
Struction.
No country in a situation as
dangerous as that which con-
fronts us can afford to have
gums and butter" at the same
time. To maintain such an
attitude means to invite ag.
erosion from the sinister
Kremlin characters who for
the last eight years have been
preparing intensely for war.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
Dovid Lowrence:

A clear-cut case for a naval
blockade by the Western allies
on strategic materials destined
for Red China from certain
ports in Asia has been unwit-
tingly made by the govern
ment Of Ceylon.
Announcement that Ceylon,
which is an independent Brit
ish commonwealth. has re-
jected the pointed request Of
Anthony Eden, British For
eign Secretary, that Ceyion
refrain from shipping 100000
tons Of rubber to the Commu-
mist Chinese leaves only one
course open-to seize the ships
and conf1Scate their cargoes
and, If they resist, to sink the
vessels.
Mr.. Eden and the British
government acted in good faith
in drawing to the attention
Of the Ceylon government so
promptly the terms Of the
agreement reached with Sec
rotary of State Dulles a fort
night ago in Washington.
Under the terms Of that agree
ment, Great Britain was to re-
fuse permission to any ships
to refuel in her ports if they
were carrying strategic ma
terials to Red China. But. since
Polish ships are to carry Cey-
Ions rubber and these are
diesel-powered and will not
have to put in at British ports
en- route to Red China. the
only possible way to stop the
cargoes is to stop the ships.
The government Of Ceylon
processes to be opposed to
communism and its doctrines,
but says very frankly its own
paramount interest is money.
That's but another way Of say
ing that the lives of American
boys and British boys and
French boys and all the other
troops of the United Nations
are not to be saved by depriv-
ing the Red Chinese Of war
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19

Western democratic world in
the preservation Of democratic
institutions and the demo-
cratic way Of life, but it does
not consider the mere formu-
lation Of political slogans and
political doctrines can replace
the sincere purpose of a genu-
Inc will to cooperate interna-
tionally.
I'm the present context,
while the government Of Cey-
lon Is in complete sympathy
with the democratic world in
its opposition to communism,
it cannot be a party to any
policy which sacrifices eco
nomic well-being for political
expediency and so is apt to
produce just those undesirable
consequences which are sought
to be avoided or eliminated"
Paraphrasing the above, what
it means realistically is that
Ceylon claims to be opposed
to communism and claims that
it shares the aspirations Of the
West, but only as long as it
cannot gain more profit by
trading with the Communists
than with the defenders of
freedom in the world.
Americans have long memo
ries and there may come q time
when Ceylon will ask for adj
mission to the United Nations
or for point four" aid from
Congress. There may come a
time when America will have
to remember that, when the
blood of her sons was flowing,
the Ceylon government traf-
licked with the enemy and
preferred to enrich itself. I'm
der the circumstances, a naval
blockade as well as a severance
Of diplomatic relations with
Ceylon is in order. No diplo-
matte representatives of the
Ceylon government should be
permitted in Washington as
long as the Ceylon rubber is
being shipped to Red China to
help kill American boys.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
Refugee Polish Flyer
Heads Across Atlantic
BY the Associated Press

COPENHA EN-, Denmark,
Mar. ia young Polish air
force lieutenant who fed his
mmunist-dominated homeland
in a Soviet-built MIG-15 jet
fighter was believed en- route to-
day to either the United States
or Canada.
The Justice Ministery an
nounced last night that 1t. Fran
ciszek Jarewski had left Den
mark. At his own request, the
ministry added, his destination
would not be disclosed.
1t. Jarewski, 81, landed the
speedy jet on the Danish Baltic
Island Of Bornholm March S.
He was formally recognized as
a political refugee last Monday.
The Danish government, after
it's air force experts examined
the plane thoroughly. had agreed
to return it to Poland and it will
probably be loaded on a ship
this week.
1t. JarewSki was quoted soon
after he landed as saying he
was fed up with conditions in
Red Poland and wanted to take
refuge in either the United
States or Canada.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19

publicly took credit for this
derring-do. He reported that
Col. illus Amoss, q former
OSS operator, told members
Of the Fairchild Corp. that he
had contacts in Poland but
needed money to swing a deal
to get out one Of the new
planes. and that Fairchild put
up $500. Mr.. Lane said two
men had been killed during
this operation and limited that
other deaths might have been
involved, but the United States
got the secrets it needed, and
so, one may infer, did the
Fairchild Corp.
The laxative Mr.. Lane has
certainly got this country, the
Danish government, the Polish
pilot, and no doubt many other
people into a fine plight. The
flight Of the Polish pilot,
originally excellent Western
propaganda, is put into reverse.
The Danish government is
hugely mortified, and the
Polish pilot fatty denies that
he was party to any plot what
ever. But his status as q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
The Same Story Four Years Ago
Senate Minority Smiled Then as Now, Watching Majority
Struqqe-OnN Difference Was One Of Party Labels

publican Senators probably
are full of confidence. That is
to say, they are confident the
Democratic majority is head
ed for disaster. AS they see
it, the Democrats now have a
bear by the tail. Naturally.
the Republicans are pot dis
posed to correct this state Of
affairs. =.
For themselves, the Re-
publicans don't have to worry.
They haven't got any pro-
gram. They reason that
they licked themselves dur
ing the two years they were
in control Of Congress. They
believe the Democrats are
= quite capable Of doing the
same in an equal length Of
time.
$50 they are at ease, but
alert-alert to any opportuni-
ties that may occur to help the
Democrats defeat themselves.
Any time the majority leader
invites a push in the wrong
direction, they will be ready
to provide the push. Privately,
they are sure he will offer an
occasional invitation.
There they sit. hardly
bothering to hide the cheerful
anticipation blooming on their
faces. They may be mis-
taken. The outside pressures
that put the Democrats into
power may eventually put the
party program through. The
Republican Senators may be
living in a fools paradise, but
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
Doris Fleeson:

The nomination of Charles
E. Bohlen to be Ambassador
to Russia moves to the Senate
floor in a reassuring atmos-
phere Of courage and conf
dence.
Secretary Of State Dulles
came through for Mr.. Bohlen
against the Mccarthy McCar-
ran-Bridges axis. Mr.. Dulles,
in Navy vernacular. has been
put on the, report with in
creasing frequency by Wash
ington observers for yielding
to that axis at the expense
of his departments morale,
but apparently he decided the
time had come to rebel.
Mr.. Bohlen. a career For
eign Service officer and Rus
sian expert, had a great deal
to lose if rebuffed by the For
eign Relations Committee. But
Quizzed again about Yalta,
where he was the late Presi-
dent Roosevelt's interpreter, he
stanchly defended Mr.. Roose-
welt as able and patriotic and
the agreement as properly
made at the time.
The nomination was ap-
proved without a dissenting
voice by the committee and
no effective opposition Is now
anticipated.
The committee also &C
cepted Mr.. Dulles review Of
the security and loyalty
aspects of Mr.. Bohlen's record
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19

without demanding a look at
the whole file.
In a side excursion, the ques-
ton of George F. Remnants
future in the department was
also discussed.
Mr.. KEENAN,, like Mr.. Bohlen,
has a special prestige in the
Foreign Service. Both have
spent their mature energies
upon a study Of the Soviet
Union in an effort to become
genuine experts on Americas
most enigmatic diplomatic
problem. Both have risen
from the ranks to be nomi-
mated for Ambassador to
Moscow.
Mr.. KEENAN,, a principal
architect Of the containment
policy Of the Truman admin
istration, was declared unac-
ceptable recently by Russia and
is home, awaiting reassign-
ment. Word has circulated
that Mr.. Dulles is unwilling
to reassign him. Asked about
it, the Secretary told the
committee roughly this:
The difference, essentially.
is that Mr.. Bohlen is the dis
ciplined career Foreign Serv-
ice man while Mr.. KEENAN, has
taken on the role of policy
maker.
The Secretary said he had
full confidence that Mr.. Bob
len would conduct himself at
all times in the best traditions
Of the career service and with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
Lowell MeHett::

Starting to peck out a piece
on the typewriter, I was as
sailed by the conviction that I
had written it once before.
This didn't seem possible and
I tried to dismiss the feeling
as one of those experiences
with which we are all familiar,
that of recognizing every de-
tail of some wholly new hap
pening or conversation as
som ething one has gone
through before, when actually
that could not have been the
case. Then the correct an
swer asserted itself. The
column I had in mind had
been written before but from a
somewhat different point OF
view. It had dealt with the
situation in Congress when the
Democrats were in the major
ity and the Republicans in
the minority, not with the
present vice versa situation.
The files Of four years ago
have yielded up the original
bit Of literature. You may find
it fairly amusing reading II
you exchange the words Re
publican" and Democrat"
wherever they appear. In part
the piece propounds:
Looking down from the
press gallery into the Senate
bear pit these early days OF
the new Congress, you get an
odd feeling that the Repub-
lican minority is more at ease
than the Democratic majority
and, at the same time, more
alert. The detection that
should go with defeat seems
to be absent. Outside the
chamber the Republican mem
bers have been throwing a Ger
tain number of dead cats at
one another, but they are be-
having like little brothers on
the Senate floor. When they
disagree. even strongly on oc-
casion. they do so with a cour-
tesy that leaves no apparent
bitterness. and they turn
smiling faces toward the Dem
ocratic majority across the
aisle.
"The situation may be
exactly g. it seems. The Re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19

for the time being they are
just as happy"
There. with the party labels
reversed, is how the situation
looks today. The Democrats
are in a genial mood and it is
not just because they enjoy
seeing the Republicans suffer.
1t is partly because they are
full of optimism. It is hard to
find one who doesn't think the
party is coming back two
years from now. The principal
basis for this premature OPP
timism is the belief that the
Republicans will not be able
to reconcile their palpable diff
ferences and make a record
they can take to the country
in "a. Any tears they may be
shedding. even over Secre-
tary Dulles piteous plight, are
pure crocodile,
Evening star., 1953-04-08
Rent Controls Fate Depends
On Todoy's Action by Senators

ways been dealth with in sep
arate legislation. The District is
affected indirectly by what the
Banking Committee decides to-
day because in the past Congress
has been guided by the National
legislation in extending local
control. The District Rent Act,
like the Federal, expires April 80.
Spokesman Oppose It.
Spokesman for the admins
tration advised against standby
control power. including the 90
day freeze plan, but testified
that II Congress felt otherwise
the decision would be acceptable.
Majority Leader Taft of Ohio
went on record again today, how
ever. against even the 9O-day
freeze standby proposal.
He also announced that the
price control bill will not be
taken up in the Senate until the
pending tidelands bill is voted
on. This may put off the con-
troll bill until close to April 30
when portions Of the present law
expire.
Evening star., 1953-04-08
Senators to Check PhiIbick's
Story of Five Red Ministers

Senate investigators spoke
somewhat warily today OF how
far they intend to go In follow
ing up sworn testimony linking
five Boston ministers to the
Communist underground.
Chairman Jenner said the
Senate Internal Security SUBJ
committee has made no decision
on the extent. If any. to which
its probe for Red influences in
education will branch out to en-
compass the clergy.
Senator Hendrickson, Repub-
lican. Of New Jersey, another
subcommittee member, called it
"a delicate matter" requiring
careful consideration.
/ Their comments were made in
separate interviews after Her.
bert A.. Phiibrick, 36-year-old
former counter-spy for the FBI
in the Red underground, told the
subcommittee sthe Communist
Party plants and places min
iSterS."
Tells Of Secret Cell.
In the 1947-1949 period, he tes-
tilted, he belonged to q deeply
secret" Communist cell COM
posed OF 70 to 80 persons he de-
scribed as cultural leaders" in
the Boston area.
Mr.. Philbrick said he. a Chris
tian, was shocked to discover
that among this group were seven
to eight hardened. steeled, dis
ciplined" Communists posing
as ministers of the gospel"
He added that, as far as he
Evening star., 1953-04-08

could determine, all Of them had
been Communists before becom-
ing clergymen. He also testified
that at least five Of them are still
serving as ministers there.
Mr.. Philbrick did not publicly
name any Of the ministers. He
met later with the subcommittee
behind closed doors but Senator
Jenner declined to say whether
he had identified the ministers or
how many names he had given.
Careful Check Planned.
Senator Jenner said that be-
fore the subcommittee makes
public the names of persons Mr..
Philbrick supplied, it will care
fully check all the evidence 1t
can get and question such per-
sons in secret to find out what
they have to say about his testi-
mony.
He said it was too early to
say whether any ministers will
be called to testify publicly. He
added 1t is possible that at some
future date the subcommittee
will go to Boston for a hearing
about the Communist under
ground cell described by Mr..
Philbrick.
Meanwhile, the subcommittee
scheduled another public hear
ing today with the director Of
the Jefferson School of Social
Sciences as the witness.
The witness was identified by
the Senate Internal Security
subcommittee as Howard Selsam