davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-08-11

lily expand southwark. and
westward.
The Eisenhower statement
on Indo-C China received only
moderate attention. Those
who have been keeping in
close touch with developments
in Asia, however, realize its
significance. 1t was followed
quickly by the signing of the
mutual security pact with
Syngman Rhee, the return of
the A11an1i OShima Islands to
Japan as a sop to public opin-
ion there. and the ALLEGATION
OF a number of deStroyers to
the Chinese Nationalist navy
in Formosa, plus other moves
as yet undisclosed. All these
actions point to a sharp awak-
ening on the part of the ad-
miniStration to the Importance
OF the Pacific to American Sc
curity, a matter which has
been treated but lightly in the
past.
Gen. Eisenhower, and espe-
cially Secretary Dulles, know
that we shall soon be the
target OF strong pressure from
our European allies, who are
growingly displeased with the
steps we are now taking in
Asia. Our allies seem to be
ready to settle the cold war by
a policy which amounts To
appeasement toward Russia
ana Communist China.
We already have sufficient
indication that, at the political
conference soon to be held on
Korea, we shall be confronted
with strong demands that we
make concessions to the enemy
for the sake of easing present
world tensions.
There can be no doubt that
this Government would 60 far
in a yielding policy if there
were a genuine hope of there
by leSSening the tension. But
we have had too many bitter
disappointments at the hands
OF the Communists. including
those we are presently expe-
riencing in the execution of
the Korean armistice. We
signed that truce agreement
Evening star., 1953-08-11

against our better Judgment
because of the pressure Of our
allies: we are not likely to
swallow any more Of the
appeaSement line.
The agreements and alliances
signed by this Government
with nations in the Pacific are
as defensive in their purpose
as the North Atlantic alliance.
They are security measures
only, designed to cope with
whatever situations may de-
velop in that dangerous part
Of the world during the next
months and years.
The pressure from across the
Atlantic to continue an aimlesS
policy in Asia is expected to
increase in force. The admin
iStration is aware that it will
have to resist not only that
pressure. but also the de-
termined opposition of groups
in this country which, in the
past, have consistently OBJ
Structed positive policies in the
Far East.
The announcement made in
Moscow last Saturday by
Premier Malenkov that the
U. S. S. r. possesses the hydro
gen bomb is considered by
many observers to be an at
tempt to intimidate the United
States on the eve If the OPEN
ing of the polite, conference
on Korea. The Russians are
extremely security minded.
Had they actually exploded an
H-bomb, they would certainly
have done their utmost to
prevent that secret from be-
coming known abroad. They
had no more reason to broad
cast the news than the United
States did to announce in ad-
vance the existence Of the
atomic bomb dropped on
Hiroshima eight years ago this
month.
But in spite of Russian
threats and increased pressure
from our allies across the
Atlantic, there is every indi-
cation that the new balanced
diet" of administration foreign
policy will continue.
Evening star., 1953-08-11
Iran Reds 10 Push
For Shah's 5 Custer as
Reward for Votes
sy the Assoeioted Press

TEHERAN, Aug. 11.-Iran's
Communists were expected today
to push harder than ever for the
custer of Shah Mohammed Reza
Pahlevi as the payoff for their
strong support in plebescite votes
approving government plans to
dissolve Parliament.
The nations provincial areas
gave Premier Mohammed Mos
sadegh a whopping 1,441,156-
694-vote yesterday, approving
his demand for the ending of the
malls dover house of Parlia-
ment). Last week, Teheran and
it's suburbs okayed the proposal
166,607-116.
10000 Red Votes in City.
The Communists voted in full
strength. Estimates credited
them with at least 10000 of the
premier's votes in Teheran.
But the Communist campaign
against the shah and his court
appeared certain to weaken the
Reds ties with Mossadegh. The
Premier has shown no desire to
go that far against the ruler, in
sisting only that he must reign,
not rule" and that the govern
nent must be supreme.
Boycott by Opposition.
The plebiscite vote, though
hugely in Mossadegh's favor,
was held under the shadow of
boycott ordered by opposition
leader Ayatullah Kashani. The
powerful religious leader charged
the vote was a device to permit
Mossadegh to rule as a dictator,
without Parliament.
!, MosSadegh is expected to ask
the Shah for an imperial decree
dissolving what is left of Parlia-
ment within five days. Report
edly he has said he plans to
hold elections for new legislators
within Is days after the rump
malls is officially dead. The
malls now is composed Of only
% opposition members.
Evening star., 1953-08-11
Seoul Sending Delegation
To H. N. Session on Korea
By ,ht Asseeiossd Press

SEOUL. Aug. 11.-President
Syngman Rhee today named a
seven-man delegation, headed
by Foreign Minister Pyun Yung
Tai, to observe a special United
Nations General Assembly ses-
sion on Korea opening Monday
in New York.
Another named was Maj. Gen.
Choi Duk Shin, South Korean
truce delegate who boycotted the
Panmunjom negotiations the last
two months of the armistice
talks.
Pyun was a bitter opponent
of truce.
Ben c. Limb, permanent Ko-
rean observer to the United
Nations. left for New York by
air. He had flown to Seoul last
week for conferences between
Mr.. Rhee and United States Sec
retary Of State John Foster
Dulles.
The South Koreans are ex-
pected to attend the United
Nations special session as OBJ
servers since South Korea is not
a member of the organization.
Evening star., 1953-08-11
Doris Feeson-
Who Gets the Bond Money!?
Senator Gillette Wants to Know Names of Persons Who
Will Profit From Payment Of $l-BIion German Debt

Senate approval of the Ger
man debt treaty until they
could explore it further. The
least they will settle for now is
the answer to the question:
Who gets the money?
Their information is that
the Securities and Exchange
Commission in cooperation
with the validating commits
sion can furnish the Senate
with the whole story. names
and all, if so ordered. A Senate
resolution which will so order
will be introduced during the
next session.
Should it then prove that
the fortunate bondholders are
the private parties who made
the original investment and
that no taint of speculation
clings to the operation, the
Senate Is unlikely to pursue
the matter. At the moment.
there is considerable gossip to.
the contrary.
Senator Douglas, a profess
Sor of economics who habit
ually searches a well-stocked
memory as public problems
occur, has already reminded
his colleagues Of the high
pressure twenties when the
banks floated foreign bonds
such as those now to be repaid.
He recalled that many a de-
preston wall was papered with
such securities. thought then
to be utterly worthless.
An argument by Chairman
Wiley in defense of the debt
treaty also turned the Doug
las thoughts back toward the
history books. Senator Wiley
Evening star., 1953-08-11
Indians Set to Take ScoIps
If States Get Rule Over Tribes

The Bureau of Indian Affairs
is readying a report for Presi-
dent Eisenhower on a bill which
has most of Americas tribes
back on the warpath.
The President has until mid
night Saturday to approve or
veto the measure. His decision
may rest on what the bureau
advises him to do. If it listens
to the tribes. the advice will be
to veto.
The bill, which slipped through
in the last hours of che session,
would give California, 8Minne-
sofa, Nebraska, Oregon and Wis
consin complete criminal and
civil jurisdiction over the Indian
reservations within their bor-
ders. Only the Red Lake
(MfnnD, Warm Springs (Ore.l
and Menominee (Wis.) reserva-
tions would be exempt.
The Indians say this would up
set tribal customs and tribal law
by which most of them live.
They point out that their COM
munities live quietly under their
own regulations as they have
since long before the white man
came to North America. Fur
thermore, some are reminding
the President that treaties signed
with the United States as long
ago as 1868 specifically prohibit
Americans, with the exception of
employees of the Bureau of In
dian Affairs, from setting foot
within the reservations unless
the tribes consent.
If the bill becomes law, the
tribes argue, Sheriffs and other
local officials may be able to en-
ter the reservations at will. Mar
riage rites and other customs
would be destroyed. The Nava-
jos or Arizona and New Mexico
cite themselves as a typical ex-
ample of the problems this would
cause: Almost 85 per cent of
Evening star., 1953-08-11
Free Worlds Divided House
British Foreign Office Is Taken to Task for DIuting
Firm Resolve in Allies Warning to Red Chinese

is how the London dispatch
began:
"a Foreign once spokesman
said tonight that, in Britain's
opinion, the United Nations
threat to carry the war to the
enemy if the Korean truce is
violated doesn't imply any ad-
vance commitments to any
precise course of action"
Whatever spirit of reSolute-
ness there was in the allied
warning from United Nations
headquarters in New York was
thus Debated promptly. The,
London Foreign Office went on
to say:
when the text of the decla-
ration (the 16-member warn
ing) was under discussion. her
majesty's government was
careful to make it clear that,
in their view, decisions which
might have grave consequences
should be taken only at the
time and in full knowledge Of
the circumstances"
Did anybody think for a mo-
ment that her majesty's gov
ernment would ever make any
decisions without full knowl-
edge of the circumstances" ex-
isting at the time a grave de-
cision was being made? Then
what was the purpose of the
palpable effort to play down
and minimize the solemn
warning. issued at New York in
behalf of the 16 nations which
had been doing the fighting in
Korea?
If this were the first time the
Foreign Office in London con-
tradicted q firm warning issued
in its behalf somewhere else in
the world, 1t would be under
Standable. But the British
Foreign once evidently doesn't
hesitate to throw down even
the statements made by Prime
Minister Churchill when he
Evening star., 1953-08-11

isn't in London-as happened
when he assured the American
Congress Of Britain's intent to
stand with her allies in the
event that aggression were re-
newed in the Far East.
It is inexplicable why, in the
midst of delicate situations,
the British Foreign Office
should always interject itself
in a way that must necessarily
weaken the hand of the allies
as against the Communists
and, in effect. tell the Com
munists not to pay any atten-
ton to strong words that may
be issued-that they really
don't mean what they'seem to
mean.
Another example Of bum
Cling is to be noted in a dis
patch from London on Mon
day of this week announcing
that Britain has formally put
the United States on notice"
that she will press for Red
China's admission to the United
Nations If the Korean peace
conference is a success.
Then an outline is given Of
what the British would con-
slider a success" namely, a
pledge by the Communists for
"free elections" in Korea after
a three to five year "neutrali-
zation" period.
This is a strange way to
start out a negotiation-by
telegraphing the enemy that
the attitude of a principal
ally, the United States, in OPP
posing Red China's admission
to the U. N. is really of no
consequence. Maybe the Brit
iSh officials haven't discovered
the facts of international life
as Congress sees it. Congress
is on record as being ready
to withdraw from the U.N.
when Red China goes in.
Reproduction Rights Reseryed)
Evening star., 1953-08-11

from now on, even If he doesn't
accept my suggestion regard
ing witches.
Which being the fact, one
wonders what is happening in
Illinois. There Republican Gov.
Stratton has followed. the ex-
ample of former Gov. Adlai
Stevenson and vetoed the
latest "anti-subversive" bill
passed by the Legislature.
Evening star., 1953-08-11
Doris FIeeson-

Senator Gillette of Iowa, a
member of the Foreign Rela-
tions Committee, has politely
asked the State Department
to keep him informed about
the commission which is being
set up to validate German dol
lar bonds.
The Senator's eventual OBJ
jective is full publication of
the names of the holders of
such bonds. The reason for
his interest is that two-thirdS
of the SO billion owed Amer
can. taxpayers by Germany
was forgiven by the debt nego-
tiators in order to assure pay
ment to the private bondhold-
ers of 100 per cent on the dol
lar plus SIS per cent interest.
Figures given the Foreign
Relations Committee suggest
to the Senator that these
bondholders will receive a total
of about 81 billion. Thus it
appears that the melon from
the taxpayers was split ex-
actly in two with Germany
keeping half as a gift and
using the other half to pay her
private creditors.
Defenders of the negotia-
tions assert that: % The Gov
eminent never expected to get
back all it's $3-billion invest
ment in postwar German re-
construction. co Payment to
the private German creditors
was necessary in order to re-
establish her credit.
This was not very persuasive
to Senators Gillette and Doug
las who tried vainly to block
Evening star., 1953-08-11
Dovid Lawrence

Malenkov's speech is an un-
censored version of what the
top leaders in the Soviet Union
are thinking and saying to
themselves about the western
world.
Hence it is significant that
the Soviet dictator should be
boaSting that lone of the de-
cisive advantages" of the Com
munist bloc in the world sit
uation today land its basic
difference from the iInperialiSt
camp lies in the fact that it
it not rent by internal contra
dictions and strife.p
The Soviet leaders have only
to read the American press
dispatches from around the
world in these critical times
to get a good deal Of comfort
out of the dissension among
the governments of the So
called 'free world"
just last Saturday. for ex-,
ample, the United Press sent
a bulletin over it's wires at
4:30 pm. declaring that the
Is United Nations members
which had fought the Com
munist aggression in Korea
warned the Reds that they
probably would have to carry
the war into China itself if the
Communists break the armi-
stice."
This sounded like tough
language and an evidence of
allied unity-something that
might be calculated to make
the Reds think twice about vioe
lating the armistice and to
give Red China in particular
q cause for concern.
But exactly two hours later,
over the same United Press
wires, came a dispatch from
London telling the Reds, in
effect. not to worry about that
United Nations warning. Here
Evening star., 1953-08-11

argued that the Government
was only following a precedent
set by Alexander Hamilton
when he persuaded the fledg-
ling Federal Government to
assume the obligations of the
States.
In his journal, William Mac
lay, q Senator from Western
Pennsylvania during Hamil-
toms time, put the State debt
matter plainly. January 18,
1890, he wrote:
1.-THE Senate met. Hawkins
of North Carolina said as he
came up he passed two ex-
presses with very large sums
Of money on their way to North
Carolina for purposes of spec
ulation in certificates. Wads-
worth has sent off two small
vessels for the Southern States
on, the errand Of buying up
certificates. ! really fear the
members of Congress are
deeper in this business than
any others. Nobody doubts but
all commotion originated from
the Treasury"
Claude Bowers in Jefferson
and Hamilton" describes how
Hamilton bargained with JET
ferson over the assumption of
State debts. Hamilton and the
spectators got assumption;
Jefferson and George Wash
ington got the Nations Capital
placed on the shores of the Po-
tomac near Mount Vernon.
Jefferson is a hero to Author
Bowers-but not in that bar
gain.
Senator Wiley's precedent,
in short. does not appeal to
Senator Douglas.
Evening star., 1953-08-11

preliminary talks as much as
possible about the views of
others.
Small Farley Preferred.
Responsible diplomatic sources
said they found these prevailing
views:
l. The conference should be
small, preferably about II coun-
tries.
2. The participating countries
should decide whether the con-
ference should limit j its discus
sions to the Korean problem or
should include other subjects.
8. The conference should be a
round-table parley rather than
an across-the-table negotiation
limited to the belligerent par
ties. A round table would permit
such acknowledgements as Russia
and India to take part. s.
Evening star., 1953-08-11
Gunmen in Cor Shutter
Window in Rio Embassy
Dy the Associated Press

RIO DE JANEIRO, Aug. IL
Gunmen in a speeding car shat
tered plate glass window in the
brand-new American embassy
yesterday.
A policeman on duty near the
embasSy-a moderistic skyscraper
which is one of the show places
of Rio-said he was unable to get
the license number Of the car.
Authorities said two bullets
were fired.
Evening star., 1953-08-11
New Glassware Center

Refugees from Czechoslo-
vakia's Gablonz district have set
up glassware production center
in Ems, Austria.
Evening star., 1953-12-02
Mrs. Butcher Hits
d. {. Brief, Calls for
Quick Infegration

A Board of Education member
yesterday criticized the Districts
Corporation Counsel for advo-
eating carrying out school racial
integration gradually, If the Su-
preme Court orders segregation
ended.
Mrs. Margaret j. Butcher said
an integration order ought to be
carried out Immediately since any
delay would only increase the
difficulties.
All nine Board of Education
members technically are de-
PENDANTS in one of the five
pending Supreme Court cases
challenging segregation. The
cases are to be argued next week.
Mrs. Butcher, a colored member
and segregation opponent. previ-
ously has stated her disagree
ment with the official District
position that segregation is re-
quired by law.
Brief Is Her Target.
The board members criticism,
made in a four-page statement
yesterday afternoon, was aimed
at the brief submitted to the
court Monday by the Corpora
ton Counsel's Office.
Mrs. Butcher attacked con-
tention in the brief that integra-
ton would have to be rounded
out and perfected" She said this
argument is "far too Utopian."
The board member conceded
that immediate integration may
not lend itself to a perfect syS-
tem," but she asserted that "the
private right of every colored
child in the District is being
daily infringed upon" and that
this calls for an immediate start
at "rectifying' the situation.
She took issue with predic-
ton in the brief that "some
conflict is possible, if proper
preparation is not made"
Discounts Violence.
"If the court orders integra-
tion," she said, land if there
is, as the Corporation Counsel
advocates, a submission of the
community to a technique of
'gradualism' in terms of prep
aration, the chief result, as I
see it will be to heighten and
dramatize the fact that integra-
ton is being imposed on the
community.
II personally suspect that
there will be no more problems
in terms of violence, at least,
than there were when the res
taurants and theaters opened
to Negroes"
The board member also criti-
cized the brief for stating that
integration advocates are not
alleging inequality of facilities.
She declared the advocates were
mot arguing in that frame
work."
"One need only read Supt.
Corning's latest reports which
in his own words reveal indis-
putable inequalities" she added.
Evening star., 1953-12-02
Lottery Suspect Held
Under $1,000 Bond

A numbers operator who po-
lice say did $40 to $50 business
a day, was being held today
under $1,000 bond charged with
operating a lottery.
Lewis E. Gibbs, so. Of the 500
block of Tenth street S.W., was
arrested yesterday on a United
States commissioners warrant.
Police Capt. John B. Layton said
his undercovermen have been
placing bets with Gibbs for two
weeks.
The man had $1l0, including
$11 of marked money, with him
at the time of his arrest, Capt.
Layton said.
Evening star., 1953-12-02

Md. Proceeds viii 60 to the Lions
Club Health Fund to assist the
eye defect correction program.
Contributions Of articles to
sell may be left at the Health
Center or the Damascus Garage.
Evening star., 1953-12-02
Young Married Club

The Young Married Club will
meet at 8:15 o'clock tonight in
the Jewish Community Center.
Sixteenth and @ streets NV.
Evening star., 1953-12-02
Benefit Rummuee Sole
Planned at Damascus

A rummage sale viii be held
from 8 am. to 5 pm. Saturday
at the health center. Damascus,
Evening star., 1953-03-01

or l7-yoUr own eyes can measure PAIL MAILS
extro length for extra miIdness.
PalI NlolPs greater length Of fine Sob0e-
COS troveIs flse smoke further on the wuy
TO your shro0f- filters the smoke 0nd
makes h mild.
PAIL MALL gives you q smooshness. miIdness
and sotsfoction no other Cigarette offers you.
Evening star., 1953-12-19
Seeking q Meeting of Minds

Inc legislative conferences which President
Eisenhower is holding this week with Republican
congressional leaders may have the greatest i'm
portance to the party and to the Nation.
For it has become generally recognized that
the course which the voters will follow in the
congressional elections of next November will
be determined in large measure upon the record
of the administration party in the next session
of the 83d Congress. Even though the Repub-
lican margin of control on Capitol Hill is an
extremely narrow one, the responsibility for
what is done or not done in this next session
will be Republican responsibility. President
Eisenhower has made sufficiently clear his own
strong opinions on the matter in saying that
the party must enact progressive and dynamic
program of legislation, and warning that if it
fails to do SO sit does not deserve to remain in
power"
Only in broad outline has he revealed pub
lcly thus far what he considers the essentials
of such program. He has done this forcefully
enough, however, to make it clear that he is
asserting his leadership and that he is quite
willing to assume his proper share of response
bility. He has said, furthermore, that the
party should keep the promises it made during
the successful campaign of 1852. At the same
time, while emphasizing at his press confer
ence on Wednesday that the principles embodied
In his concept of the legislative program would
not be compromised the President also made
1t equally clear that there can be notifications
in detail and that this is "one of the reasons
for the conferences now being held
Some wide differences of opinion showed up
between the President and certain of the Re-
publican congressional leaders during the last
legislative session. The solution then was to
modify, or to postpone entirely, action on some
major items of the legislative program. Since
that time the President has accumulated
greater store of ammunition" from several
problems and from department heads who have
had valuable months in which to become better
acquainted with their jobs and in which to
formulate recommendations for desirable legis-
lation.
There is no implication in anything the
President has said that he plans, or even wishes,
to dictate to Congress The current sessions
at the White House, the President told his news
conference, were called for the purpose of
securing "a general meeting of the minds" on
the program which he plans to present in
January and in the months to follow Obviously,
the President needs the cooperation of the
party leadership and committee chairmen
Unless this relationship is effectively established
there will be no Republican record in the best
sense of the term. and there may be very few
Republican victories next fall. Aside from
partisan considerations, the country can poorly
afford legislative session in which Illustration
and stalemate might take the place of for
ward-looking progressive program" of action