davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-06-19
FATHER CRONIN

When General Motors and the
United Automobile Workers re-
opened their five-year agreement
last month, they again made la
Dor history. The original agree
ment was widely considered as
historic. Two powerful organiza-
tionS had gambled that economic
conditions would be sufficiently
stable to permit five-year con
tract. There was some flexibility
IN the wage provisions; other
wise there was no reopening for
the duration of the contract. G.M.
was widely criticized in business
circles for its daring. U.AW.
likewise was under fire from
other unions.
In the meantime the war in
Korea broke out. Initiation once
again became pressing problem
in American economic life As
costs of living rose. wages rose
under the famous "escalator
clause" To this extent. the con-
tract was working beautifully. Al
the same time, however. other
unions we're getting cost-of living
increases. In many important
cases, these were outright grants.
They could not be cut down.
were living costs to decline.
The resulting situation posed
a problem for the U.A.W. Costs
of living stabilized early in 1853
and even started to decline.
Were the drop TO continue, the
auto workers would find their
wage scale dropping, in compar.
ison with those in other mass
production industries. Their
leader. the brilliant Walter Reu-
ther. now head of the whole
clio. faced a real dilemma.
Fortunately, from Reuther's
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-06-19

man affairs.
We might we'll apply this rea-
sonlng to a labor contract. The
virtues of a five-year contract,
IN terms of labor peace, are un-
deniable. The whole nation has
benefited from the foresight and
courage of Messrs. Reuther and
Wilson, who signed the original
agreement. But had Mr.. Cortiee.
successor to Mr.. Wilson, insisted
on rigidity, there might be no
other long-term labor contracts
for decades TO come. General Mo
tors showed industrial statesman
ship in recognizing this fact.
A workable labor agreement
must avoid the two extremes of
rlgidity and laxity. The spirit
rather than the letter must rule.
On the one hand, we must recog-
nize that no group of negotiators
can forSee every possible contin-
gency. There must be some lee
way for adjustment. On the 9th
er hand, loose or careless con-
tract invites conflict over inter
probation. There is too much dan
ger of conflicting applications in
different plants or even depart
ments of the same company.
Happy Ausury
Enduring labor peace springs
from a mixture of good will and
discipline. There must be good
will and tolerance. to avoid
countless petty frictions and mis-
understandings. But there must
also be discipline and order. to
insure steady production an rea-
scnable rules of behavior. We
think that such patterns are be-
ing worked out in our major IN.
dustries. This is a happy augury
for the future.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-06-19
EASHINCTON LETTER
Reds Look To The Schools
" ASHINGTON LETTER

WASHINGTON - The Com
munist Party in the United
States, as in other countries, re-
lies heavily upon education to
produce its future Reds
This is point that has been
emphasized over and over in re-
cent testimony before Govern
ment agencies here. II is not neW
in itself, Dut it may indicate
that the communist educational
process in this country is more
extensive than once was thought.
Among recent developments
have been these:
/. A witness told congress
Sional committee that the influ-
ence OF communist on a school
faculty is even greater among
the students in their extra-cur-
ricular activities than ii is in
the classroom.
2. Senator William 4. Jenner
of Indiana, chairman of the Sen
ate Subcommittee on Internal
Security, charges that the com
munist conspiracy" not only re-
cruitS teachers into the Commun-
iSt Party. but StaffS its own
training schools with teachers
who have been shown TO gain
their livelihood from tax-support-
ed colleges and private universi-
ties" The Senator said there
had been testimony that there
are communist training schools"
in New York and Boston.
3. AT least one witness before
the Subversive Activities Con
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-06-19

Quoted along old lines. Only by
radically remoulding the work
OF Instructing, organizing and
training the youth, shall We in
sure that the results of the eff
forts of the young generation
will be to create a society un-
like the old, that is a commun-
ist society, and that is why we
must deal in detail with the
question of what we should
teach the youth and how the
youth should learn If it really
wants TO justify its title of COM
munist youth, and how it should
be trained in order to complete
the building of what we have
started"
Mr.. Philbrick also quoted Len
in as saying in the textbook
that ''the whole subject of the
training, education and tuition
OF the youth of today should be
to imbue them with communist
ethics"
The former FBl agent told the
subcommittee that when he
joined the Young Communist
League he was told by one of
the leaders that he should keep
his membership secret. When,
later, he received his Commun-
ist Party card, Mr. Philbrock
testified, he was instructed that,
If he were charged with being
member of the Communist
Party, he was to "swear on a
stack of Bibles" that he was not
and never had been a member OF
the organization.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-06-19
RICHARD PATTEE
A Dangerous Method

communists, somehow or other,
are incapable of heroism or ideal
ism or even common bravery.
Nothing can do our cause quite
so much harm as the cynicism in-
herent in the bribery offer. 1t
will win only the most thorough
contempt from the enemy and
will lower to a disconcerting de.
gree our own, prestige. Mr..
Churchill was certainly not par.
ticularly felicitous when he re.
piled to parliamentary criticism
of this Situation-for which the
United Nations is collectively
responsible even if made by an
American commander - that il
is very much better to be brib-
ed than killed.
! suppose fundamentally there
Is nothing more reprehensible
In bribing an enemy airman to
bring his plane into one of our
bases than it is to buy informa-
tlon from agents or bribe ven-
ial officials to disgorge data re-
garding the enemy. But as a mat
ter of public policy, and par
tlcularly in the light of the wide
publicity given this matter. II ia
certainly no great contribution to
the strategy against communism.
1t even makes one wonder if our
side really has any method at all
in mind to deal with the Situa-
ton.
Close TO Bankruptcy
We talk ghbly about taking the
initiative away from the Rus
slams, about putting Malenkov
on the defensive, about thinking
through tough, realistic policy
toward the Soviet Union. Then
we come up with a grotesque
thing such as the bribery air
men. One wonders, indeed, If the
West is not previously close to
bankruptcy when we can do no
better than this.
II is equally important to re-
member that every detail of
Western conduct and policy is
grist for the communist propa-
ganda mill. Tactics of this sort,
with their underlying assump-
tion, can serve no other purpose
than TO make us ridiculous in the
eyes of the people we aim to
impress and. if possible, win
over. | can readily imagine the
scorn and contempt in the ma
tions of the Middle and Far
East when the news was blazon-
ed forth that the supreme COM
mand in Korea hoped to entice
an enemy flyer by promising
him hundred thousand dollars.
To many ii must have looked
very much hike the buying of q
conscience.
/ hope for our own sake that
the next time we give publicity
to bit of policy for fighting the
communist evil, ne will do bet
ter than this.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-06-19

tunity for jobs
that be true, the Legislature should work
doubly hard their anti-subversive bills for there
are some who are attempting To make mockery
of that section of the Constitution which declares
all men equal.
FEP is dead for this session. SO be il. There are
many who should be congratulated particularly in
the House for the earnest effort they expended in its
behalf Let us hope it is not wasted effort but that
In the future, no matter how remote, ii will bear
fruit
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-06-19

MutkNs
This ought to demonstrate
how foolhardy and dangerous is
the offer made by American mil
itary authorities in the Far East
Of a huge bribe to any commun-
ist flyer who brought a MIG in
tact to a western base. | have
read nothing to indicate that this
offer of money has been with.
drawn.
The left-wing press has seized
on this offer of a bribe to prove
once more that American polio.
is entirely a material one, and
that the United States proceeds
invariably from the assumption
that anything can be secured if
one wants to pay enough for it.
In a word, that dollars can de-
feat communism. This idea has
prevailed altogether too much in
Europe since 1945 when eco
nomie aid was construed as the
sufficient answer to commun-
ism. II underl' $ the thinking of
many in connection with the
Point-Four program. those who
conceive of standards of living
as the sole barrier against the
advance of MarxiSm. But never
before have We descended to
the low level of ethical conduct
demonstrated in the bribery of
fer.
Wrong Assumptions
Not only is the morality of
the thing extremely dubious, but
the assumptions are wrong. II
presumes that all communists
are the gangster type-a larger
stake would induce him to
sbandon his position. Nothing
could be further from the truth.
The quicker people realize this,
the better. The overwhelming ev-
ioence from the testimony of
former communists is that If
there were ever totally ''dedi-
Gated" people. willing to sacri-
flee materially for their belief.
they are to be found in the ranks
of the communists. It is a very
serious business when one I'M
derestimates this fact. 1t is on
a par with the assumption that
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-06-19

litical refugees.
In neither case
has any finan-
cial conSidera-
ton been in
volved, nor did
the flyers give
any indication
that the mott
vation behind
t h e ir action
was anything
else than total
despair with
com m u n / $ m
a n d all its
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-06-19
RICHARD PATTEE

Two Polish airmen landed re-
Gently on the Danish island of
Bornholm with MIG planes and
delivered themselves up as po-
Evening star., 1953-11-08
Oriental SpIendor In An Arlington Basement
BY Doris Kanter

AS a conquerer bearing the
standard of an Indian Maha-
rajah or of the Ottoman EN-
pire, he might have given the
order destroying a defeated
people. But he was careful
to spare the lives of crafts
men who could decorate
swords, Scimitars and guns.
What roles some of the
exquisite weapons in Col.
Bursley's private museum
played in battles of the cen
turies they represent remain,
like the identities of their
designers, lost in the miSts of
time.
Some of the most recent
pieces which Col. Bursley COL
lected between 1946 and 1949,
while he was United States
Military Attache in Istanbul,
came complete with docu-
mentation.
One is a splendid imperial
Russian presentation sword,
given to Gear Nicholas II by
one of his ASiatic vasSal
princes. On one side of the
sword is the Cars monogram;
on the other, greetings in
Persian script. The scabbard,
covered with precious stones,
is gold worked on small white
and green pieces of enamel.
Another impressive item is
an ivory-handled pistol, a
gift of a Romanian prince to
a Turkish governor.
The earliest piece of war
equipment in the collection
is a sixth century BIC. bronze
Corinthian- style Greek he'll
Evening star., 1953-11-08

THERE is A touch of
Il royalty, Oriental splendor,
mystery-even death-in the
basement of 1t. Col. Gilbert
E. BurSley'S home at 1906
North Twenty-fourth street,
Arlington.
At one end of the large
room stands a 0-year old
T1betan coat of mail. Facing
the Sentinel-like figure from
a showcase at the opposite
end is a doll version of Mo-
hammed II as he appeared at
the time of his capture of
Constantinople five centuries
ago.
Between them, the floors,
walls and showcases are filled
with more than $50 Eastern
weapons, elegant fragments of
a war-and-peace story that
extends from Greece to India
and from 900 BIC. to AID. 1910.
Most of the handsome, in
tricately carved, sometimes
jeweled weapons in Col. Burs-
ley'S collection look as though
they were designed as much
to- decorate the fabulous Tai
Mahal as to do bloody work
on the battlefield.
AS a matter of fact, some
of them were designed purely
for decoration. No Self-re-
specting aristocrat of the an
cient Eastern world would
have been caught dead with
less than a magnificent sword
or dagger. His weapon was
mark of his social and eco
nomic station, and he took
pride in its beauty.
Evening star., 1953-11-08

The change that the goth
century has brought in East
ern attitudes toward weapons
was reflected in Col. Bursley's
dealing with Syrian chief
tain, known as the "Al Capone
of Damascus" The chieftain
had two baskets full of
weapons, some antique, some
modern. He was almost will
ing to give away beautiful
antiques with hand-carved
Evening star., 1953-11-08

met, dug up near Olympia.
There also are a number of
18th century Persian, Spanish
and English helmets.
The value of the collection
is inestimable. A price might
be put on it, Col. Bursley says,
but the souvenirs which he
travelled to Kashmir. India,
Persia and more than a score
of other countries to find
cannot be replaced.
Evening star., 1953-11-08

figures anu hunting scenes.
But if the weapon was prac-
tical, he demanded an exorbi-
tant price.
Ask Col. BurSley what he
considers the single most
valuable possession he brought
back from Turkey, and his
answer is quick: MY wife.
She spent most of her life in
Paris, but she's authentic
Turkish"
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27

ton Of soil air
Z. Consider irrigation fo!, the
much-needed moisture during dry
times in the summer When activi-
ty Of the organisms normally
slows down.
There has been some concern
about the effects OF herbicides
on soll organisms. Experiments
70 date with the generally rec
commended chemicals used in the
quantities advised iof the de-
structlon Of weeds. show no dam
age either to organisms or the
crop, IN fact most OF them break
down after 80 to 90 days in the
soil.
More and moro wcll-informed
farmers arc coming to regard
the soil organims us valuable.
unseen crop ana arc Swing them
The Res, oI care. Thcs find that III
pays off in improved soils and
bigger Yields Of hish Jalit9 crops
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27
Keep Soil Organisms At
Work to Increase Yields

Put your soil organisms to
work. say P w Gun and G.. N
Hoffer in CROPS & SOILS. Feed
them well and they will give
you bigger yields and leave your
In single ounce Of rich. fer
tile soil. there are as many as
30 billion tiny living oIganlsms-
about 200 for every person in the
United States.
In the top foot OF an acre OF
fertile soil there are from . to 3
tons of these living organisms.
which are an immense factor in
shaping crop production. Some
help produce better crops while
others are destructive Fortu-
nately the helpful ones keep the
upper hand. if given a chance
They provide nutrients. build
soil tilth. fight plant diseases.
fix nitrogen. rot organic matter
and release carbon dioxide for
growing plants.
Most organisms INSIST on good
ventilation If soil is too wet or
10 'tight" some die While others
sleep longer or dc less work.
Bat this hidden crop must be
fed well to work efficiently The
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27

organisms in the pillow layer of
an acre of soil will use each year
about 400 pounds of nitrogen. 30
pounds Of PHOSPHORUS ana huge
quantities Of energy foods like
sugars and starches.
With Sweetclover. or other
organic matter. plowed under.
conditions are almost ideal for
organisms. A whole cycle Of
activity is touch off. Some organ
lSms work best Just after the
organic material is pllwed under
Others like it better after it has
been partly .decayed oy the first
groups.
With continued warm tempera-
lures and adequate moisture. the
organisms multiply one group
taking over after another. until
food becomes less plentiful Soil
PSYCHOLOGISTS estimate that half
Of green manure crop will be
consumed by them within 90
days when conditions are favor
able.
During the wild ACTIVITY Of the
warm seasons. the organisms
release water. heat. carbon di-
oxide and waste products. Each
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27
Fertilization Can Spell Success
Or Failure For Tobacco Grower

Fertilization can spell success
or failure for the tobacco grover,
G. r. Mathews, associate aglo-
nornist at VPI. says growers are
paying more attention this year
than ever before to the analysis or
grade Of tobacco fcrtii2cr Much
OF the current interest is because
more farmers Viii ue GROWING their
tobacco in rotation This year.
Therefore. much tobacco Will be
grown on freshly cleared land. OF
land which has been used for
other crops. Mathews says spe
cial care will have TO pc taken IN
fertilizing these fielos.
Specific fertilization recon-
mcndationS cannot be made with
out knowledge Of soll types, crop
ping history. and yea and quail
ty Of tobacco usually produced on
the field for which recommenda-
ton is being made
Recommendations
However. here are general rec
concentrations. Use 800 TO 0b0
pounds of 4-8-l0 on the less p1p
ductive. light sand. and SANDY
loan soils. Such SOS ,hat hate
been used for tobacco I0r maay
Years are generally n4sh in pkos-
phofous. low in potash and low in
organic matter.
Use 1000 to 1900 pounds PR
acre of 1915 on average or more
productive soils where the oIeanl,
matter content Of he soil is from
to Is per cent. If q soil test
shows the potash Level to be low,
4 side dressing of rs to 100 pounds
of 1924 within 20 days afte,
transplanting is often profitable.
This is especially true if heavy
rains occur soon after the first
application.
Use ! 1000 TO 1900 pounds per
acre OF 2l0-8 on freshly cleared
land or where tobacco tends to b..
rough. heavy. and poor quality. i
is also recommended if tobacco
has TO follow a leslme in a rot9-
tlon or if the organic matte. lc
above s.
How To Place
Mathews says last year many
growers had trouble getting good
stands of tobacco because the
fertilizer was placed ~ the soil in
way that brought L in direct
contact with the roots Of newly
set plants. The pest fertilizer
placement is in bands on each
SIDE of the row about one inch
below the level Of the roots OF
the newly set plants.
However. most growers do not
have equipment to make this type
of placement. SO alternate Sug-
gestions are: mix the fertilizer in
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27

builds part Of the organic TEST
due INTO It's own body. AS. the
material is used the chemical
makeup may be changed. Then.
when the organisms dies. these
substances are either released
to the soil for use by plants.
or consumed by other organisms.
Help SOIL Organisms Work
Gor You
!. Supply plenty .. active or
Eanlc matter A good stand OF
sNeetclover or alfalfa ploWed
under can supply ABOUT 3 tons Of
dry organic matter per acre
2. Use proper image TO let
warm air into the soil and thus
encourage activity Of tine organ
iSms.
3. Lime acid soils. Iost desif-
able organisms thrive best en-
properly lined soils
4. Fertllize as needed FaEG soil
tested and supply nutrients that
are lacking Use extra nitrogen
for a better nitrogen balance
when blowing mde. straw and
cornstalk materials.
S. Inoculate legumes with the
right kind Of organisms "a fiA
nitrogen from the ali
s. Drain land property 50 the
soil can warm up more quickly ~
spring and permit better clldula-
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27
Tips Given Gardeners
Planting Onion Sets

It's about time 1or Vireinia's
nome gardeners TO plant onion
sets. II. F. Scott. assistant horti-
culturiSt at V. p l.. says onion
sets should be planted early in
the spring from now to early
April A light frost seldom Injuries
onion plants. although q heavy
Ir0st may ruin the crop.
Place The sets IN shallow fur
loWa SO they win be barely cover
ed III heavy soil. or covered by as
much as an inch in lighter soils.
II takes one to two pounds Of
sets to plant a l00-foot row.
Scott warns that sets which
have been stored at improper
temperatures are likely to develop
seedstalks. The most satisfactory
storage temperature for sets is 80
degrees 10 80 degrees r.
As for varieties and other ctl-
tural practices-you II find the
details in leaflet Onion Culture
tor the Home Garden" authoIed
~ Scott and available for the
asking from county agents Of the
V P 7 Agricultural Extension
Service
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27

The registered Guernsey BUN.
Robinlawn's Blissful Ace. owned
by G w Palmer. OF Green Bay.
has just become q proved. sire,
according 10 an announcement
from the production testing diyi-
sion Of The American Guernsey
Cattle Club. Peterborough New
Hampshire This sire has five
tested daughters with five official
records that average 1859 pounds
Of milk and 4o1 pounds If butter
1at
Ills jop daughter Sweetheart IT
Ham FARM has record Of Oh
231 pounds Of mink and AM
pounds Of bUttetfat made as 81
Junior two ycar-old
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27

its Of 81 07i and in social security
checks totaling $99 When they
examined a battered bowling bag,
they found she was carrying So
$40 in currency. Her husband,
Herman Prestine. is. a retired
Stamfitter. when notified. told
police he was unaware of the
existence OF the small fortune she
carried They had been married
seventeen years
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27

the row before bedding; place
deep enough in the soil SO fcrti-
li2er Will be just b,loW roots OF
newly set plants. OF ase split APP
pliactionS. putting hali the Ierh-
llzer IN the TOW and Tie rest At
the side oil he roN alter plants
nave been SET
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27
HOUSE CLEANING Tip

In cleaning house - clean by
taking dnt away. and not BY
scattering it to settle down again.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27

Thlfty-three statesa had prohi-
bltion before the 18th Amendment
WAS adopted
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27

Sometimes busting ISN'T done If
floor cleaning comes first. DO
heavy cleaning a litue at a time.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27
Ento;oQq new thv,ot4q h avid Arottqh.

Bodies Fisher ne" Tichef ana ool interiors
of color hamonlcS llShp
pine Powergde models highly
eearsht models
gasoline upkecp
entirely new Poveidc getaway miles gallon
Optional at extra coS INC Soe
stability roadstadneS
windshield
EZ-Ee rae Gas topuonai co)
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-03-27

Use 4 broom less and a treated
mop and treated dust cloth more
Dust before YOU Dean floors
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1953-05-28

are on file with the Township
Clerk. Raymond Richmond.
Clerk of Chester Township.
1c22
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1953-05-28

SHERIFF SALE
Pursuant to the provisions of
Section 12465 of the General Code
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1953-05-28
American Mahogany

On the American continent, ma
hogany ranges from southern Mex
leo, northern Guatemala and British
Honduras through Central Amer
lea to northern Colombia and Vene-
zuela. Some twenty-five years ago,
mahogany was rediscovered on the
tributaries Of the upper Amazon In
Brazil and Peru whence now come
important supplies. The. extent Of
this region is still very much I'M
known.