Evening star., 1953-09-20

Nations administrative machinery
will be in splendid shape. From
last weeks opening moves, how
ever, it seemed likely that the mos
important of the II tasks woult
be left undone when the session
closes, probably before the end c
the year.
First items on the length,
agenda were procedural and wer
polished off in jig time, with tn
exception of one interruption for
RusSian-American argument.
But when the Assembly reache
agenda item No. 9-"Opening
General Debate"-the swift actio.
was halted.
First general debater was Sec
retary of State John Foster Dulles.
personally leading the American
delegation during the opening
days. The snag certainly was not
his fault. In fact, he gave what
was welcomed among the nom
Communist U. N. delegations as
perhaps the most statesmanlike
address by q free-world leader
since President Eisenhower's April
appeal to the Communists for rea-
son in international affairs.
The trouble lay in definitions.
What seemed to the West to be
bend-over-backward reasonable
ness was just obstinate obstruc-
tioniSm to the promoters of world
communism.
An EoFnest Address
Mr.. Dulles spoke softly and
earnestly. He promised the dele
gates that whatever it does here,
the United States will seek to avoid
any word or deed which might
needleSsly aggravate the present
state Of dangerous tension"
He also assured the COMMUNISTS
"Our creed does not call for ex-
porting revolution and melting
others to violence; and again,
"The United States does not want
to see Russia encircled by hostile
peoples"
Mr.. Dulles asked for peaceful
settlements of these specific prob
lens: Unification of Korea, the
Indo-Chinese war, Austrian and
German peace treaties, independ-
ence for Russian satellites and
Communist efforts to overthrow
foreign governments.
Suggested Soviet Role
He was not specific as to the
solutions. He said only that the
Soviet Union could make great
contributions toward relaxing of
these tensions which threaten to
develop into major disasters"
And he added Immediately: cat
the same time we recognize that
the United States and others have
their contributions to make and
their obligations to fulfill"
It would be most astounding if
the Communists suddenly we're to
be reasonable in turn and help
convert Mr.. Dulles pleas into set
Elements. The Russians did not
Immediately comment on the
speech. Soviet Delegate Andrei
Y. Vishinsky was not expected to
speak until this week. But the
Kremlin had too much at stake in
its hostile policies to drop them
merely so the world could live in
peace.
Opening Acts
Last weeks meetings did ac-
complish a little, however, as the
U. N. handled the first eight points
on the agenda. These actions
were:
1. Outgoing President Lester
Pearson of Canada called the ses-
sion to order Tuesday.
2. All delegates were silent for a
minute of prayer for those who
believed in God, meditation for
those who didn't-and who wanted
to mediate.
3. A credentials committee was
appointed.
Item No. 4 was to have been the
election of a new president. But
before Mr.. Pearson could call for
nominations, Mr.. Vishinsky took
the floor on point of order.
The Soviet delegate demanded
to know why the Chinese Nation
aliSt government was represented
at the United Nations while the
Chinese Communist regime was
excluded. The NationalistS, he
said. do not represent China. He
insisted that Communist China
be admitted without delay to
United Nations membership, and
he introduced a formal resolution
to that effect.
Dulles Riposte
Secretary Dulles Immediately Of
fered nter-resolution: To
postpone until 1854 any decision
on admission of Red China.
1.-THE Chinese Communists" Mr..
Dulles said, "have not shown Gin
Korea) convincing evidence of a
genuine intention to end the ag-
greSSion and to make peace; and,
moreover, their continued actions
elsewhere in Asia are far from
reaSS1lrinU "