Evening star., 1953-03-15
Chinese Marines
u. S. leotherneck Indoctrinotion
Imbues Them With High Morale
By Jerry O'Leory, Jr.

BY Jerry
A new breed of fighting man is
taking shape on FormoSa, and the
Communist coast-watchers of Red
held Fukien Province will know
little peace because of these men.
They make up the, Chinese Ma
rine Corps, barely years old, but
now under the tutelage of a group
of American LeatherneckS who are
masters of the craft of amphibious
warfare. With the emphasis now on
the offensive for the Chinese Ma
tionaliSts on Formosa, these Oriental
sea-soldiers are likely to be in the
forefront of any move by Chang
Kai-Shek to attack the mainland of
China.
Organized like a Marine division
and approximately the size of one,
the CMC is made up of several
brigades which correspond to Ameri-
can Marine regimental combat
teams and a security guard force.
An artillery battalion supports the
rifle units.
The Chinese Marine commandant
is Maj. Gen. Chow Yu-hWan, a
former Nationalist Army man with
years of experience as combat unit
commander and four years of Ger
man military training behind him.
Tough Leotherneck
Heading the United States Marine
training unit is hard-bitten Brig.
Gen. William Wallace Davies, So, a
native of Washington, who is re-
garded as the Leathernecks' leading
expert on the use of amphibious
landing craft.
The Chinese Marine Corps was
founded five years ago by Admiral
Kwei, who got the idea from talks
with Marine 1t. Gen. Gerald c.
Thomas, also of Washington, who
Is now assistant commandant Of
the corps.
The best officers and men in the
Nationalist Army were hand-picked
by Admiral Kwei for his fledgling
force, now grown to size the Reds
must reckon with. But in the early
days, the Chinese Marines were too
few in number to make much of a
splash. Until recently, they were
equipped with 13 different types and
calibers Of foreign small arms and
other castoff japanese, German
and United States equipment.
Other Chinese Nationalist services
the Army. Navy and Air Force
eventually began to get advisers and
of
to retire TO his island redoubt. The
Chinese Marines got only one Amer
ican instructor, Maj. Robert B.
Carney, jr.
No Mission, No Funds
He faced a terrific problem. The
Chinese Leathernecks did not have
q mission, no Mutual Defense As
Sistance funds were earmarked for
the corps and its organization was
along obsolete lines. The veteran
major also saw a need for solid
training program.
Maj. Carney's first job was to get
the CMC mission. After many
months of mitigating and hundreds
of hours of meetings with Chinese
officers, a mission was assigned the
Chinese Marines. The mission is
presently a secret, but soon may be
learned by the Communists defend
ing the beaches of Fukien.
Meanwhile, the major revamped
the training program and got a few
more helpers. He made trip to
Washington and obtained money to
equip the Chinese. He changed the
tables that specify the number of
men and amount of equipment the
corps would have. He revised the
training schedule to make it more
like the United States Marine setup.
Noticeable Chonge
A subtle change became noticeable.
Chinese morale doomed. They
adopted their own emblem-a globe
with a map of China, an anchor.
surmounted by a 12-point Chinese
Sun-not so different from the