davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
Planners Will Hear
Views on 8 Proposed
Potomac Span Sites
By George Beveridee

The National Capital Planning
Commission tomorrow will try to
move a step closer to agreement
on the best location for a new
Potomac River bridge.
Specifically, the group will
hear the pros and cons of about
eight possible bridge locations,
all aimed at the area between
the Fourteenth Street and Key
Bridges. The possibilities. pre-
pared by the commission techni-
cal staff, will include new studies,
as we'll as some under considera-
ton earlier.
Planning Director John Nolen,
IT.. said the summary of recon-
mendations" will deal with
streets affected in the Districts
inner loop road systems as well
as actual river crossing points.
The commission, while iadorS-
ing the need for a new span to
serve the city's central area,
previously has baked at the Dis
trict Highway Departments pro-
posal for crossing at. E street
NV. The bridge problem has
the first spot for consideration
at the planners monthly meet
| ing.
Toll Road Proposal.
Also up for discussion is the
proposed north-south toll turn
pike across Virginia.
Officials said the controversial
toll highway, running from the
Washington area to the North
Carolina line, would involve
several important proposals" in
the commissions long range
master plan. Included is the
plan for connection with Route
l to the south from a proposed
bridge in the Cabin John area.
The planners said they would
take up two matters tomorrow
in closed session. One will be
a report from Redevelopment
Land Agency Director John r.
Searles, jr.. on five bids sub
mitted by private builders on
Monday for the redevelopment
of Area B in Southwest Wash
ington. The other will be a
discussion with Maryland plan
ners of the controversial pro-
posal to build a high-speed route
through the Chevy Chase area.
Other Subjects.
Other subjects to come up in
open session include:
/. A petition from a Mont
gomery County citizens group
that the commission give further
study to a proposed road linking
Macarthur boulevard and Con-
necticut avenue extended. Of
f1cials said the matter comes up
because the NCPC recently voted
general Endorsement of the
Maryland National Capital Park
and Planning Commissions mas
ter highway plan.
2. Proposed revision of plans
for development of the Ana
costa River. The revision in
cludes elimination of a decade
old plan to construct a CONNER
cial boat basin on the river be-
tween Bladensburg and the Dis
trict line.
3. A protest from the Eastland
Gardens Civic Association to the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
By the Associated Press

LONDON. Mar. 10. - With
scattered meows. the House Of
Commons has brushed aside a
plea to give Britain's thousands
Of post office cats a cost-of-liv-
ing increase.
Many of these cats get 81
cents a week maintenance al
lowance from the post Office.
Cat fanciers think this should be
raised.
Not so Prime Minister Church.
ills government. It took the
view these cats never had it so
good. Some of the cats also
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
Officials Resigning
In Scandals Collect
Big Leave Payments

Internal Revenue officials in
volved in the recent tax scandals
have drawn large cash sums for
unused annual leave on their en-
forced departure from the Gov
ernment.
Bureau officials explained to-
day that the law does not ban
lump sum leave payments to en-
ployes who leave the Govern
ment, even though they are fired
for misconduct.
Among those who drew cash
leave payments were former top
officials in the bureau as well as
Internal Revenue collectors UNI
der indictments for tax frauds.
Joseph D. Nunan. jr., former
Commissioner of Internal Reve-
nue., who was indicted in Deem
Der for tax evasion of $91, O86,
received a $4,076 leave paycheck.
Daniel Bolich, humans No. 2
man, and also under indictment
for income tax evasion, received
$1,247 in leave pay.
Charlie A. Oliphant, the chief
counsel until he resigned under
fire on December S, 1851, re-
ceived $4,474 in leave pay.
Another official, Carroll E.
Mealy. who resigned on October
S, 1851 as chief of the Alcohol
Tax Unit after congressional
criticism, collected $484.
Several members Of Congress,
including Chairman Rees of the
House Civil Service Committee,
says the law should be changed
to prevent leave payments in
such cases. Mr.. Rees says his
committee is making study
of the entire leave situation and
will act on legislation to pre-
vent such occurrences.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19

proposed Lily Gardens public
housing project. Mr.. Nolen said
the group also has received an
Endorsement of the project from
the Wentworth Citizens Asso-
citation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-19
Bourd Member Named

ANNAPOLIS. Mar. 19.-Gov.
McKeldin today nominated Mrs.
Helen Cam of Baltimore to the
Mental Hygiene Board of Re-
view.
Evening star., 1953-09-06
By BeryI S. Denzer

ural development of the coun-
try's natural resources can
safeguard the future" Gov
ernment price and wage con-
trolls, retraining and redistri-
button of labor were also listed
by the organization as aids in
achieving economic stability.
Austria has never been able to
raise enough food to feed the
population since three-fourths
of the country is mountainous.
This time Austria will have
to make her way with other
nations of Europe. Political or
economic union tAnSchluSS)
between Austria and Germany
is specifically prohibited in the
proposed treaty.
Strategic Spot
Austria's status is of tremen-
dous interest to the United
States. Bounded as Austria is
on the north by Czechoslo-
vakia, on the east by Hungary
and on the south by Yugosla-
via, that country is our last
outpost before the Iron Cur
tain" begins. AS long as she re-
mains friendly to the United
States, we will be a big factor
in stopping the movement Of
communism into Western Eu-
rope.
America has done more than
humor Austria to keep her
friendly. Since the end of
World War II America has
given her nearly SIS billion
in public aid which, even in
terms of Uncle Sans gen.
erosity, is a very large sum for
a country of only Z million
people.
Considerable fanfare accom-
panied Russia's decision to
start paying her own occupa-
ton costs in Austria on Au-
gust /, but Americans have
been spending $50 million a
year in connection with the
United Stares occupation since
1947. Britain has Just agreed
to foot the bill for the British
occupation beginning January
l and France is expected TO
follow suit shortly.
Austria's economic future
can remain only a matter for
Evening star., 1953-09-06

problem was one for France
alone to handle.
Both factions threatened
dire consequences if the U. N.
and the United States didn't
see things their way.
Under the circumstances the
best thing the United States
could think of was to look neu-
trail. So this country avoided
comment on the merits of the
case and announced that be-
cause no immediate threat to
world peace seemed to exist. it
would vote against Security
Council consideration of the
French Moroccan dispute.
Why was the United States
so anxious to avoid taking a
stand?
The answers are several:
This country wants to remain
friendly with both disputants;
both sides have a good case;
and to rile up either side would
threaten part of the free
worlds defense network.
The French Side
The French case is this:
In the early 1900s Morocco
was lawlesS backwater where
neither natives nor European
traders could be safe or
healthy. France took on the job
of bringing Morocco into the
Goth century. In 1912 the
French signed a treaty with
the Sultan of Morocco, who
agreed to turn foreign policy
over to the French and to in
stitute internal reforms under
their direction. France would
supply the modern know-how
and would protect Morocco
and its Sultan. Morocco would
remain a sovereign country.
The result, to continue the
French case, was that Morocco
became a safer, healthier coun-
try; homes and schools were
built; trade, industry and agri-
culture were promoted; living
standards rose; and, at the
same time, the religion, the
customs and even the archi-
lecture of the Moslem world
were preserved.
All these improvements, the
French say, were provided by
Frenchmen, and the Moroccans
should be, and generally are,
appreciative.
AS for the future, continue
the French, MoroccanS will be
given more and more say in
their own government AS
they learn the ropes of home
rule the natives will first take
part in local governmental
units, gradually gain more di-
rect power and then. along
with the French settlers, take
over all internal affairs. Mo- !.
rocco would retain its ties with
France, becoming independent
within the framework of the
French Union.
Thus, conclude the French,
the Moroccans never had it so
good. The protectorate is a
Evening star., 1953-09-06

success, and France and
Morocco should be left alone to
work out the future.
The Moroccan Side
But the Moroccan national
lists do not quite see it that
way. Here is their case:
When France became the
protector" of Morocco, they
say, she merely was adding an
other colony to her empire.
She moved in for the greater
glory and economic benefit of
France, not for the betterment
of the MoroccanS. What's
more, she has run the country
on all governmental levels
ever since.
Schools, hospitals, roads and
homes we're built all right, and
industry and agriculture were
expanded. But all that was
done for the benefit of the
French settlers, not for the
natives. The nationalists say
that all the French children
60 to school, but only relative
handful of Moroccan children
get an education. Frenchmen
have taken over the most fer
tile land and are given many
aids by the government-paid
for with Moroccan tax money.
Frenchmen own the industries
and run the government. They
live we'll off the sweat of Mo-
roccan brows.
And there is little hope for
the future, the nationaliSts
claim. Voluntary French
moves toward home rule are
imperceptible. So-called ere
forms actually cement French
rule. And the picture of eter-
nal ties to the French Union
and therefore to French for
eign policy is not attractive.
The nationalists want COM
plete independence now. After
independence is secured, Mo-
rocco then could consider con-
tinued relations with France
on Moroccan terms.
Internal Divisions
The battle over Morocco is
not simply France versus the
natives. There are several fac
tions and shades of opinion.
Frenchmen are divided on
the degree of self-rule that
should be given the Moroccans.
The man on the Paris street
is inclined to favor speed-up
in the change-over to native
rule. But the colonS, the French
settlers in Morocco, insist on
going slow. Orders of admins
trative reforms sent from Paris
are apt to be mislaid or in
terpreted" out of shape by the
Frenchmen who actually run
things in Morocco.
The Moroccans also are di-
vided. The nationalists speak
mostly for the better educated.
politically conscious natives in
the coastal, urban areas. The
rural Moroccans are not par
Evening star., 1953-09-06

Baker, have been idolized by
the emotional French.
Here the colored-American
and Moroccan Negroes or the
bronzed Algerians-never are
turned away from hotels,
cafes, theaters and other pub
lie places. They marry French
girls and live with French
miStreSSeS.
But thoughtful Frenchmen
know that the number in
France is small compared to
the United States. They Won
der how long it will be before
the color bar will begin to rise
here as a result of a continu-
ing influx.
In the present problem.
France is tasting some of the
fruits Of colonization. Seven
years ago it granted citizen
ship to the Algerians. Unable
to feed themselves in their
oyer-populated and poverty
stricken country, Algerians
poured into France to receive
the rights and equalities and
fraternities Of French citizens.
At first the French called
them pilgrims of hunger"
Today they call it "the la
mentable invasion"
Of the 100000 who have
swarmed in, 80 per cent are
Moslems from Algeria. Only
138,887 have found jobs-and
those the most menial. Usually
they come seeking seasonal
employment, and then stay.
Better OFF in Fronce
A Labor Ministry spokesman
pointed out recently that bad
as are living conditions Of
nearly all the Africans in
France, many are better off
than in Algeria. Those North
Africans working regularly"
he said, "are forced to support
on an average Of three or four
persons in Algeria, a total Of
some 5,548."
In some respects the North
Africans create social and eco
nomic problems similar to the
influx of 100000 Puerto Ricans
into the United States. But
the United States, with a pop
ulation of 160 million and a
greater diversity of industry,
has absorbed the Puerto Ricans
more easily than can France
with a population of only 43
million and a tight economy.
Today North Africans with
steady jobs make up Frances
sous proletariat"-a new low
er-low working class. Unedu-
Gated and unSkilled, they can
tackle only the most menial
jobs. They become the sweep
erS in the factories, the lowest
paid of the notoriously low
paid French workers.
A great number of them, see
ing no way to better their lot,
also become Communists.
ASSOCIATED PreSs.)
Evening star., 1953-09-06
Can Austria Support Itself?

Yearning for freedom after
Is years under foreign con-
troll. Austria still looks opti-
mistically for a peace treaty
to change her status from a
liberated-occupied area to a
nation with full sovereignty.
Until such a treaty is signed
by the Big -Four occupying
powers-Britain. France, the
United States and the Soviet
Union - Russia presumably
will continue to siphon of
from AuStria's rich oil fields
at ZiStersdorf and Matzen 3
million tons of oil a year, re-
presenting 80 per cent of the
nations crude oil production.
Although the odds are
against immediate agreement
on a treaty, already the ques-
ton is being asked: Could
Austria, as an independent
nation, support herself?
The answer is yes-provid-
ing a treaty is forthcoming in
the next two years. The longer
Russia continues her outra-
geous policy of bleeding the
economy dry, the simmer will
be AuStria'S chances OF
achieving solvency when she
becomes a sovereign nation.
Gloomy Note
The Organization for Euro
pean Economic Cooperation
(OEEC) sounded a gloomy note
last December in summarizing
the outlook for Austria: Aus
tria even before 1888 was faced
by economic difficulties which
have to a considerable degree
been intensified by the Second
World War and occupation OF
the country. Postwar imitation
has taken a particularly vio-
lent turn and confidence tn
the country'S future has been
severely tested"
Although Austria has stepped
up industrial production in the
last four years at a rate which
OEEC considers lone of the
highest in Europe" production
has not yet gone beyond the
prewar mark. Unemployment
is formidable problem and
will be, according to OEEC,
for some time to come"
OEEC warns that "Only nat
Evening star., 1953-09-06
By Richord FnkIund

Uncle Sam avoided Jump
ing from the frying pan into
the fire last week when the
United Nations touched on the
French Moroccan question.
But the United States still
was being pushed toward the
flames by the two parties in
the dispute, both of whom
want America to share their
troubles.
At issue ultimately is the
future of Frances North Afri-
can protectorate, Morocco.
Will the 8 million Moroccan
natives gain quick freedom
and independence or will they
move only gradually from un-
der control of the 5000
Frenchmen who govern the
country?
The Question
The immediate issue last
week was this: Should the
United Nations Security Coun-
Gil take up the French-Moroc-
can problem, treating it as a
dispute between sovereign ma
tions, or should the Security
Council pass over the dispute,
regarding it as an internal
French problem?
Moroccan nationalists, sup
ported by the Arab-ASian bloc,
insisted that the Security
Council hear their plea for
complete independence. The
uationaliSts, Furthermore. in
sisted that the United States,
Evening star., 1953-09-06

ton. Most Berbers live inland.
To complicate things further,
there is much intermingling
between the two groups.
Spokesman for the national
lists is the Istiqlal Party, out
lawed and almost leaderlesS
since a breakdown by French
authorities last year. The voice
of the pro-French element is
the Berber Pasha of Mar
rakesh. Hadj THANH ell Mezou-
ari ell Glaoui. The very wealthy
ell Glaoui is a regional religious
and political leader who owes
his wealth and position to the
French.
Recent History
The Moroccan dispute broke
into the riot stage last year
when the French governors
and the nationalists could not
agree on political reforms. The
French offered the Moroccans
a chance to take part in the
first elections in Moroccan his
tory. They would be on the
local and regional level and
would select local councils.
Evening star., 1953-09-06
Frances Race Riots
100000 Arrivals From North Africu
Test Non-Segregution Policy
By Tom Mosterson

PARASITIC French, long
critical of racial segregation
in the United States, now face
a racial problem of their own.
And they don't know what to
do about it.
About 100000 dark-skinned
North Africans have invaded
France in the past few years
and they're still coming. Less
than half of them have OBJ
tanned jobs. Fewer than 5O,-
900 have found homes in a
country with one Of the worst
housing shortages in the
world. The thousands of
others TEEN through the cities.
The Communists are ex-
plotting their plight, melting
them to riots and keeping
them stirred up with false
promises of bettering their
bad living conditions.
In the past two and one
half years eight bloody riots
between North Africans and
police have rocked Paris. On
July IA, Frances independ-
ence day. seven were killed
and scores of rioters and
police injured when 1000
North Africans battled police
in the Place de la Nation.
Reds Having q Field Doy
AS in all the other disorders.
the French government said
the riot was CommuniSt-in-
spired. Police forbade the
North Africans to hold their
own parade that day, but the
Reds invited them to join the
Communist parade. Incited
by Communist speeches, the
North Africans turned on the
police.
Scarcely a night goes by
without at least one uprising
Shattering the quiet of Pigalle,
AubersvillierS, Boulogne Bill
lancourt and La Chapelle-
Paris quarters where the North
Africans live like rabbits in
warrenS. Street fights between
gangs of Africans and police
and whites are commonplace.
So are killings, knifings, beat
ings and rape.
Most F'renchmen, proud of
their nations racial tolerance,
are shocked by the mounting
disorders. They don't know
how to handle the problem.
For years France has been
a mecca for crusading Negroes
who denounce racial inequali-
ties and determinations in
other parts of the world
especially in the United States.
American Negroes, including
many talented ones angered
by racial discrimination at
home, f1ocked to Paris and the
French Riviera and happily
found themselves treated as
equals. Some, like Sugar Ray
Robinson and Singer Josephine
Evening star., 1953-09-06

as an old friend Of Moroccans
and a champion of oppressed
peoples everywhere, support
the Moroccan case.
France, on the other hand,
said the whole question was
none of the U. Ms business,
that France was treating the
Moroccans fairly and gener-
ously and that the United
States should concede that the
Evening star., 1953-09-06
Alaska Pipeline
United States Spending $40 Million
To Build Oil Channel Through Cunudo
By GeroId Worino

and Canada will cooperate in
laying 610 miles of eight-inch
pipe from Haines, in the Alas
kan panhandle, through North
ern British Columbia and the
Yukon Territory, and then
back into Alaska and on to
Fairbanks.
When the project is finished,
probably within two years,
tankers will be able to dis
charge their cargoes into the
line at Haines. without ven-
turing into the potentially
more dangerous waters farther
north.
The United States is paying
the entire cost of about $40
million, despite the fact it will
be a mutual defense installa-
ton. Nearly half of the line
will be in Canada and Cana
dian forces in the Northwest
will be able to draw on it for
their gas and oil needs. In
addition. any surplus capacity
will be available to meet the
requirements of the civilian
population in that part Of
Canada.
Delayed by Politics
The United States Army
Corps of Engineers began sur
veying the route three years
ago and one year ago the
United States was ready to
start laying pipe. However.
Canadian politics delayed
Canadian approval of the
United States plan.
The cooperation Of the
Province of British Columbia
was needed to provide a right
of way for the line. But at
that time a new and shaky
minority government, social
credit administration. had Just
taken Office in British Colum-
bia. Both Canadian and
American Federal authorities
thought it wiser to wait for a
clarif1cation of the confused
political situation there before
proceeding with the pipeline
plan.
Since the reelection of the
British Columbia government
with a sound majority in June
that cooperation has been
assured.
Evening star., 1953-09-06

Just how the councils would
function was not made public.
The nationalists objected
because the councils would be
half, French and half Moroc-
can in membership, and each
nationality would vote only
for a slate of its own COM
patriots. Therefore the French.
making up about 5 per cent
of the population, would have
equal say with the 95 per cent
who are natives. And what's
worse. the French would be
voting in a country where
they are not citizens.
The French also asked the
Sultan to turn his administra-
tive powers over to French
dominated council.
Sultan Sidi Mohammed
ben YousSef, both a spiritual
and temporal leader, refused
to sign the reforms" He
acted, in fact, very much like
a supporter of the Istiqlal
Party instead of the French
puppet which he was supposed
to be.
Nationalists rioted. Their
leaders were held in confine-
ment by the French, but the
Sultan still would not sign.
A tense stalemate resulted.
Last month ell Glaoui and
a group of local and regional
Moroccan leaders demanded
that the Sultan be deposed.
They cited two grounds: The
Sultan had supported the il
legal 1stiqlal Party, and the
Sultan was a poor religious
leader-in fact, they charged,
his daughters had been per-
mitted to wear Bikini bathing
suits in public.
This bold demand by el
Glaoui apparently was made
with the blessing of the
French.
Ell Glaoui and his group