davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-06-01
Dorothy Thompson:
Dorothy Thompson:
Taft|sRiqhtonU. N. Limitations
1t Is Not an Effective Means to Prevent Aggression
And Storts Things Which 1t Connot Finish

Senator Taft has stirred up
a hornets nest by his Cincin-
natl speech on the limitations
of the United Nations. Every
thing is being asked about it
except ne-whether or not
what he said was true.
Senator Taft described the
United Nations. "This state
ment Is going to shock many
people who still believe in the
United Nations. I believe in the
United Nations myself, but not
as an effective means to pre-
vent aggression. It does have
many means by which, through
peaceful persuasion. it can
deter and prevent war"
Is the United Nations "an
effective means to prevent ag-
greSSion?'
It demonstrably is not. It's
handicaps from this viewpoint
were obvious from the begin
ming. No action can be taken
against an aggressor except by
the affirmative vote of the five
powers sitting in the Security
Council, each of whom has a
veto. Assuming that it was
vital to prevent the whole Ko-
rean peninsula from falling to
the Moscow-Peking axis, inter-
vention was only possible un-
der United Nations auspices be-
cause tie q. s. S. r. absented
herself from the Security
Council in 1850. This is a fact.
When Red China entered the
Korean war, Russia was back,
and it was therefore impossible
to have China declared an ag-
gressor by the United Nations.
This is a fact.
United Nations votes only re-
feet the world power situation.
At present, in the assembly,
the United States can muster
a majority, but that, as Sena-
tor Taft pointed out, might not
always be so.
The United Nations has no
means whatever of compelling
obedience to its authority. It
has no military force beyond
what member governments
Evening star., 1953-06-01
Fletcher KnebeI:
Potomac Fever

State Department Communque "The last "a hours
highly successful for foreign aarsnot single additional
ally lost"
South Korea it'll fight foreign troops who enter
handle prisoners Our allies aren't really
Koreans say let's fight them to andst The British
devil with the nghtng-let's get to the standstll.
Republican Senator Wiley foreign chairman
tacks Taft gotalone" Republicans
think Taft had good ideas but his timing
a half century late.
Senate Democratic Leader johnson Ike
cratic Congress next johnson figures this
adminsrationand who's better qualified Democrat
give the country the business? a.
The Navy it's experimenting with underwater WINGS
AS usual the Air Force is ahead-its wings
month
London dances until in coronation
coronation doing things Bishn some poses
they look almost nfeike.
The Commerce Department 61358000 had
jobs In May Unemployment has been major problem
since the Government learned how to put people
work to keep track of it.
Evening star., 1953-06-01
Yielding in Korea Means Defeat
Compromise With Reds by Abandoning Korean Unity
Would Be lenominous and Could Bring World War

giving their lives to that cause?
For there the leaders of a
country ravaged by WARMTH
millions of its people starving
and hundreds Of thousands
dead or niaimed-cry out to
the free world for help in win
ming their independence and
regaining sovereignty over all
their own people. No ally-no
member Of the United Nations
has made such sacrifices.
But now Korea-our biggest
military ally in the war-is
told there must be a "com-
promise" The Communists are
indefinitely to hold North Ko-
rea almost exactly as they did
before the aggression began
and no other ally. not the
United States apparently, will
ever fight again for Korea if
there's a truce, but will instead
let the Communists in a "po-
litical conference" that is to
last for years f1libuster to the
death the Korean appeal for
independence.
Maybe the Communists will
reject the latest truce offer.
This would not be surprising.
For the Communists want
nothing less than uncondi-
tional surrender from the allies.
Knowing the fact that the
heart of the British, who play
a major role in the present
alliance, isn't in there to sup
port the South Korean govern
ment, and indeed is ready now
to admit Communist China
into the Security Council of
the United Nations when the
fighting ceases, why should the
MoScow-Peiping axis give any
ground?
Some idea of the plight of
the gallant Korean republic
might be derived by imagin-
ing what would have happened
to Washington at Valley Forge
and the patriots of our infant
republic if France had sud-
denly pulled out it's troops and
its supporting navy and made
a compromise" with England.
If the Western Allies sur
render on the issue of unfit
. cation of Korea and put no
time limit on the political
conference" and do not guar
antee the Korean republic that
it will not be left helpless and
divided indefinitely, an igno-
miouS defeat for the United
States will be written in the
history books of time.
In many quarters recently
the plea has gone out to Gen.
Eisenhower to exercise "leader-
ship" Some who use the term
Evening star., 1953-06-01
Thomas L. Stokes:
Will Eisenhower Keep SWinqinq?
President Could Capitalize Taft Episode by Pushing
Own Foreign Policy, Repudiotnq McCqrthy

under reciprocal tariff nego-
tiation. They were told bluntly
that not only was such abso-
lutely impossible, but that the
President has asked for only a
one-year extension of the re-
ciprocal trade act because of
the increasing power of high
tariff elements in Congress.
Though it would mean little
practically, extension of that
would be of value psychology
ically in Europe. This now ap-
pears highly doubtful, unless
President Eisenhower, himself,
exerts his leadership power
fully on that issue, and goes
to bat with Congress. The
act expires June IL.
Here, on the tariff issue,
would be a fine follow-up of
the Taft episode. Likewise, the
President obviously must ex-
ert his personal leadership to
get adequate appropriations for
our foreign military and eco
nomic aid program.
All Of this seems inherent in
what he said about "Taftism."
There Is yet another symbol
to Europe. That Is Senator Joe
Mccarthy. Republican. Of Wis
consin. who, in fact. seems to
have become almost as much
an issue in Britain as here. To
Britons he is q symbol of con-
greSsional influence of a noxi-
Gus sort on our foreign policy,
and his arrogation of authority
an omen-to them--of lack Of
executive authority and leader
ship in our Government.
President Eisenhower has
moved against Senator Taft.
win he move eventually
against Senator McC cCarthy, too?
It would seem q logical Sc
Quence.
Evening star., 1953-06-01

for the United States to claim
the right to cut trade chan
nels which have existed for
centuries. I have no doubt
about its desirability ]
doubt its possibility"
To doubt the possibility Of
anything that ought to be Is
anathema in the present cli-
mate of American opinion.
But no nation ever saved it.
self by closing its eyes to facts.
Our allies have been isolat-
ing themselves from some
features Of American policy
for months past. Why should
recognition of this be called
"isolationist?"
We have jumped to the front
of the procession, and found
the ranks thinning behind us.
Senator Taft thinks we have
acted on many false aSSump-
tions. Whether we have or not
will be determined neither by
his words nor anyone else's,
but by the events.
But if there is a rising tide
OF anti-U. N. sentiment here,
it is largely because the U. N.
has been grossly oversold by its
partiSans. claiming for it
powers and possibilities it does
not possess.
tReleased by the Bell Syndicate, Incl
Evening star., 1953-06-01

ular President continues to put
his popularity and prestige in
discriminatory at the service
OF all Republicans, he may well
wake up and discover he has
helped to out-vote himself.
Nor will another nationalist
vote be just another vote
against his foreign policy. It
will increase the pull upon the
already susceptible majority
leader.
The President will whistle
stop the mid-Northwest next
week where original Eisen-
hover followers are already
distressed by what they say is
vastly greater recognition
given the people they had to
fight to get the nomination for
him. Republican Senators in
this area too, for example Sen
ator Mundt who is up next
year, generally have been Taft
partiSanS.
All hands will watch eagerly
to see whether the journey
will stress Eisenhower policy
or merely kind words for the
COP.
Mrs. Eisenhower incidentally
won't make the journey. She
has dental troubles and ex-
poets to retire from circulation
that week and overcome them.
Evening star., 1953-06-01

want him to break with his
own party-thus beneflting the
Democrats, dividing the Ma
ton bitterly, and destroying
whatever chance there has
been for unity on domestic
issues as well. Others mean by
the word leadership" a knock
ing of heads together in the
Senate. attacking Senator
Mccarthy personally and de-
nouncing congressional in
vestigations generally, and
thereby arousing in the Middle
West particularly a furious
counterattack on the anti
Communist issue which will
further split the Republican
Party. This would be grist for
the Democratic mill and for
the pro- Communists who want
the attack on them dimin-
iShed, if not terminated.
Others construe leadership"
right now as meaning aban-
donment of both the South
Korean government and the
Chinese Nationalist govern
ment on Formosa, reopening
trade in strategic materials
with the Communists and ad-
mitting Red China into the
Security Council. The ad-
ministration's answer as limited
by the President is mot now"
but maybe later"
What is true leadership?
It was asserted in the April 16
speech of the President before
the American Society of
Newspaper Editors. It was the
affirmation then of a basic
principle-the United States
would not appease, the United
States would not surrender.
the United States would ex-
pect deeds of good faith by
the Communists before there
could be even a basis for nego-
tiating an honorable peace in
the world. Those deeds have
not been forthcoming. They
will not be if Britain and the
United States "go it alone"
desert the South Korean gov
ernment, and encourage Mos
cow to expect as a reward for
aggression a seat for Red
China in the United Nations.
Are the British and United
States governments preparing
to leave behind them in the
graveyard of principle the hap
less but evidently expendable
Republic of Korea? A similar
abandonment-by Britain and
France-of Czechoslovakia in
1888 was the turning point
that led to World War land
history could repeat itself. For
aggresSors never stop when
weak allies falter before them.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1953-06-01

fields. The mistake committed
between 1850 and 1852 by our
Government which assumed
the role of honest broker"
between the contending parties
was that we leaned toward the
British point of view, thus
creating the impression that
we were playing Britain's
game. We refused to realize
that the Teheran government
could not recede from its posi-
ton without a major upheaval
which would bring chaos in
that country.
Mr.. Dulles had the OPP
portunity to learn flrsthand
how powerful nationalism Is
today not only in Egypt but in
every Arab state he visited.
And this nationalism by an
unfortunate turn Of circum-
stances, is at present directed
against America as much as
against Britain.
The Secretary Of State was
told as politely as possible that
the Involvement of American
dollars" has been so overplayed
that it makes little impression
on the thinking of the Arabs
unless it is accompanied by q
policy of supporting their ma
tional aspirations. The present
situation in Iraq-one Of the
important oil countries in the
Middle East-where a revolu-
tion directed against Britain Is
expected in the near future Is
a clear illustration of this ma
tionaliSt awakening.
In his tiring 20,000-mile trip
in three weeks. Mr.. Dulles may
not have achieved anything
concrete. But he has certainly
found out the thinking of the
Arab leaders who represent
the sentiments of their people
better than some of the West
ern European governments.
And this may help him re-
orient Americas policies in
one of the most important
strategic portions of the world.
Unless this is done. we may
suffer the same fate we are
now facing in the Far East.
Evening star., 1953-06-01
Thomas L. Stokes:

The big question here now
is:
Will President Eisenhower
be content to let his public
and open repudiation of Taft
"go-it-alone" foreign policy
rest as a single shot, an
isolated incident? Or will the
President now capitalize the
Taft episode to press vigor-
ouSly his own cooperative
foreign policy, particularly in
Congress?
There some "bailing out"
Is needed, for his foreign pro-
gram is begged down now and
seriously threatened.
The Senator Taft incident
was q "Set-up" in prize fight
parlance, though not by de-
sign. The Ohio Senator, true
to his nature, finally exploded,
as he must so often. His ex-
preston Of distrust in our
allies and lack of faith in the
United Nations came at a
critical time, which was not
by design either. for his speech
had been prepared before
nerves became so edgy on both
sides of the Atlantic. The re-
emergence of the Taft bogey,
which Is what it Is for Europe,
spread CONSERVATION among
our allies.
All Of this magnifled the
episode. which made President
Eisenhower'S counterattack not
only imperative but, once it
came, the more impressive
and meaningful. That was all
to the good. Europe UNDER
stands an Eisenhower Taft
combat. For Europe cheered on
the side-lines when the gen.
eral defeated the Senator at
Chicago last July.
Symbols are important in
foreign affairs. Unfortunately
Evening star., 1953-06-01

Senator Taft has become an
ominous sort of symbol among
our European allies. He is the
embodiment of everything as
sociated with isolation and
nonco-operation. Europe was
disturbed over the Eisenhower
Taft "Morningside Heights"
truce during the campaign.
Nervously it watched to see
how much influence he might
have in the administration.
When it became apparent that
Congress, in which Senator
Taft is so powerful a figure,
was assuming what looked like
undue weight in the new ad-
ministration, the anxiety in
creased. The. Eisenhower who
was so hallowed a figure in
Europe as a general did not
seem to be living up to his
promise as President. Clement
Attlee let loose his exaspera-
tion in a critical appraisal of
our Constitution and its divi-
sion Of powers.
Senator Taft finally justified
the worst fears by speaking out
in the old Taft vein.
There are other symbols at
stake in the situation here
now.
A most important one is
our reciprocal trade program
which embodieS European
hopes Of still lower tariffs so
they can sell more in our
markets. When representa-
tiveS of the Organization Of
European Economic Co-op-
Grafton were here several
weeks ago to talk with our
officials, they urged substan-
TALLY lower American tariffs
as essential If Europe is going
to get on her feet economic
ally. They would go even be-
yond present possibilities
Evening star., 1953-06-01
Doris FIeeson:
Doris FLeeson:
Taft Just Doesn't Like Them
Ohio Senator Has nde|ibe Bias Against Foreoners
And Will Stick to His 60 1t Alone PHILOSOPHY

The furry over Senator
Taft's ego it alone" views has
subsided. Luckily Tor the ad-
ministration, it happened dur
ing a period of legislative quiz
escence so that the Congress
did not have to take sides.
What is important for the
White House to remember is
that more of the same is
bound to occur again and
again. Until they grasp the
fact that Senator Taft has an
indelible emotional bias to-
ward precisely the philosophy
he so candidly outlined last
week, they cannot handle
their leadership problems
realistically.
A devoted friend Of the SEN
ator who is also a famous wit
pronounced the last word on
the Taft foreign policy during
the Senator's campaign for
the Presidential nomination
last year. An editor had COL
lected an important group of
WesternerS of all shades of
opinion to give Senator Taft a
chance to do his stuff for
them. To his horror Senator
Taft happily preached his "go
1t alone gospel instead of his
popular views on domestic
issues.
Evening star., 1953-06-01
David Lawrence:

There has been no more
likable personality than Dwight
Eisenhower in the White House
within the span of this cor
respondents observation of the
methods and ways of several
Presidents. And no Pesident
has been so happily endowed
with such capacity for human
fellowship and understanding.
If the mere wishes of numer-
Gus friends could effect it, Gen,
Eisenhower should be eminent
ly successful in the Presidency.
Having noted this, however,
it is equally important to OBJ
serve regretfully that Gen.
Eisenhower is learning about
the problems of the Presidency
the hard way and that his
mistakes are causing both for
him and for the course OF ma
tional and international affairs
q wholly unnecessary anxiety.
Gen. Eisenhower likes to
please people. He likes to try
to harmonic divergent views.
He likes to delegate to staff
advisers the task of "briefing"
him. But there are certain tasks
which he cannot delegate
. they are primarily the tasks of
learning at f1rSthand the
background of delicate issues
and being able as a conSe-
Quence to perceive the differ
ence between compromise" for
the sake of expediency or con-
venience or harmony and per-
sistence in support of principle
no matter how many friends
are willing to abandon princi-
pie and accept surrender.
Had he read Senator Taft's
speech before answering a re-
porter'S question that took a
single sentence out of context,
the President would have
realized that the Ohio Sena-
tor had only asked for adher-
ence to a principle of reciproc-
1ty by our allies who now favor
abandonment of the main OBJ
jectiveS for which the United
Nations intervened in 1850 in
Korea.
The President at his press
conference last week chose in
stead to make this comment:
IF you are going to try to de-
velop a coalition of under
standing based upon decency,
on ideas of justice, common
concepts of governments estab-
lished by the will of the free
men, then you have got to
make compromises"
This was quoted all over the
world but what is its meaning
for the free men of the Ko-
rean republic who have been
Evening star., 1953-06-01
Presbyterian College
President AssaiIs
Mccarthy and ve|de
By cospoE Names
StoF Staff Correspondent

MINNEAPOLIS, June 1.-The
president of a leading Presby-
terian college today assured Pres
ident Eisenhower and Secretary
of State Dulles that there were
mo traitors or subversives"
among Presbyterian church peo-
pie.
1--WE can say to them, in the
unbroken record of Presbyterian
ism since the Civil War. that
there are no traitors or subver-
sives among u.s." DR.. Charles j.
Turck, president of McAlester
College, st. Paul, Mimi, asserted
at an elders breakfast of the
Presbyterian General Assembly
in the Curtis Hotel.
"(There are) no renegade
Communists who have taken ref
uge among us and no false wit
nesses and defamerS of the char
acters Of those who may disagree
with u.s." the educator CT ctntinued.
In the loyalty we give to our
country in 1853, there is the same
spirit Of daring and sacrifice ard
determination and conservation
that marked the dedication of
John Witherspoon presbyterian
minister who signed the Oecla-
ration of Independence in 1776.
We. too. pledge our lives and our
fortunes and our honor to the
cause of freedom"
velde and Mccarthy Assailed.
DR.. Turck also attacked Repre-
sentative Velde, Republican, of
Illinois and Senator Mccarthy,
Republican, of Wisconsin.
II hold it is our Christian duty
to say to Representative Velde
when he imputes disloyalty and
subversion to some among the
clergy and the teaching profess
sion and to say to Senator
Joseph Mccarthy when he stig-
matizes such papers as the
Washington Post. the st. Louis
Post-Dispatch and the Milwau-
kee Journal as Communist
minded that this kind of reckless
smearing, this endless repetition
of the big lie, must stop.
"Take one preacher or one
teacher or one newspaper editor
and try him, but try him in the
courts. not in a congressional
committee. Try him according
to the due process of law, which
hears before it condemns, which
proceeds upon inquiry and which
renders judgment only after
trial"
The speaker urged elders to
the General Assembly to defy
"any man, in or out Of Con-
greSs: any church, in America,
in Italy, anywhere; any organ
lied pressure group of any kind
in America or out" to silence
them or to take q course of ac-
ton other than that I'VE in
Evening star., 1953-06-01

In evaporation, the editor
turned on the Taft intimate
and demanded: why don't
you take Taft abroad some
time so he'll know something
about Europe?"
"The Senator knows those
foreigners" replied the friend.
He just doesn't like them!"
Not all the influences around
Senator Taft encourage that
attitude, but very important
ones do, and generally speak,
ing they are those whose rela-
tions with him are the most
close and affectionate. Consid-
GRAFTON Of party loyalty or the
appeal to reason may prevail
for a time or in a particular
instance but the deep emo
tional pull, as revealed in the
Cincinnati speech, is constant.
Thus while Senator Taft is
cooperating now with the
President, he can as easily CO.
operate with the faction in
the Senate which is pressing
steadily for a retreat from the
internationalist policies of the
recent past.
That faction is now a minor
ity within the majority. It de-
pends for its power in commit
tees, patronages, etc. on its,
popular President. If that pop
Evening star., 1953-06-01

good conscience regard as just
and Christian"
Second Half Of Session Starts.
The 440 lay elders, commits
sioners and an equal number Of
ministerial commissioners today
resumed the second half of their
week-long deliberations follow
ing the weekend break. The
165th General Assembly of the
Presbyterian Church in the u.
s. A., representing 2.5 million
members, opened last Thursday
and will close Wednesday.
DR.. George D. Kelsey Of Drew
University yesterday told a mass
meeting here sit is an awful
commentary on American Chris
tianity that at this very hour
civil rights is one of our major
oomeStlc issues.
"As believers in and practi-
TONERS of democracy, we have
abandoned our own creed of in
dividualism and substituted for
1t various forms of groupism. AS
Christians, to all practical
intents and purposes, we have
rejected the notion that God is
the source Of human rights and
our relationship to him the
fundamental framework within
which rights are exercised, and
substituted idolized groups as
the fundamental point of refer
ence."
The speaker also declared that
man has a God-given right Ito
adequate food. shelter, clothing,
recreation and other health
producing resources to the end
of a life of physical strength
and well-being." He added
that restrictions on human as
sociations imposed by a political
party, class or race, because
such restrictions are conceived
as serving particular political
and economic interests, are
stultifying and disintegrating."
Among the proposals to be
acted on by the General Assem-
bly, this week will be the follow
ing: Ordination of women to the
ministry, publication of the
salaries Of all ministers and in
creased financial aid to Pres
byterian Church colleges.