davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-09-09

believed that first refusal
would go to Gov. Dewey Of
New York and next to Attor-
ney General Brownell.
It is interesting to recall
that Charles Evans Hughes,
Republican, resigned in 1910
from the governorship of the
State of New York to go to
the Supreme Court. 1t is
known that Mr.. Dewey could
have been in the Eisenhower
cabinet but did not wish to
give up the governorship. He
had a bigger part in helping
Mr.. Eisenhower get to the
White House than did Gov.
Warren. The California Gov
ernor never did switch his
delegation to help either Taft
or Eisenhower at the 1852 Re-
publican National Convention.
But 1t is true that President
Eisenhower thinks highly Of
Gov. Warren. and so does Gov.
Dewey, who ran with him IN
1948 on the Republican ma
tional ticket.
Mr.. Brownell may prefer to
stay on a while as Attorney
General and possibly accept
the next vacancy on the Su-
preme Court, but it is quite
probable that, whether or not
President Eisenhower elevates
a present justice to the top
post, the new face on the
court will be one of these three
men-Gov. Dewey or Gov.
Warren or Attorney General
Brownell.
If the President wishes to
name as Chief Justice a Re-
publican and adopt the prece-
dent which was applied in
three other instances in re-
cent years, the logical choice
is Justice Burton of Ohio
whose record in the Senate and
previously as Mayor of Cleve-
land gives him an all-round
familiarity with human prob
lens from an administrative
and legislative viewpoint. It
has frequently been said that
men Of previous congressional
or gubernatorial experience
make the best Supreme Court
Justices because they give to
the law a realistic approach
which is not limited by Oft
times outmoded precedents Of
legal history.
Reproduction Rights ReseryedO. :.
Evening star., 1953-09-09
Dewey, BroWneII or Warren?
Next New Face on Supreme Court Seen One Of Three;
Top Post Viewed Going to Jackson, Reed or Burton
Dovid lawrence

No one has been appointed
Chief Justice in the last half
century who has not had previ-
vious judicial experience either
on the Supreme Court itself or
on the Federal bench.
Thus President Eisenhower
would be breaking precedent if
he appointed to the highest
court in the land any one who
has not been familiar with the
complicated problems of pro-
cedure which confront the
Chief Justice not only on the
highest court but in dealing
with the lower courts.
Nor has the selection Of a
Chief Justice always been
made from the political party
Of the incumbent President.
It will be recalled that when
Chief Justice Melvin Fuller
died in 1910, President William
H. Taft, Republican, promoted
to Chief Justice a Democrat
who had been a Senator from
Louisiana and had served as
a Confederate soldier - Ed
ward Douglas White - and
then filled the vacancy by ap-
pointing Willis Van Devanter,
a Republican, as an associate
justice.
1t will be recalled also that,
when Chief Justice White died,
President Harding appointed
ex-PreSident Taft, who had
served on the Federal bench
for many years before coming
to Washington as Secretary
Of War in the cabinet of Theo-
dore Roosevelt.
When President Hoover had
an opportunity to appoint a
Chief Justice to succeed Mr..
Taft, he selected Charles Evans
Hughes, who had served for
six years as an associate JUS
tice Of the Supreme Court Of
the United States.
When Mr.. Hughes retired
in 1941, President Franklin D.
Roosevelt did not appoint a
Democrat but elevated Asso-
ciate Justice Harlan Fiske
Stone, a Republican, who had
served as Attorney General in
the Coolidge cabinet before
being appointed to the Su-
preme Court in. 1925.
When in 1946 President
Truman was confronted with
Evening star., 1953-09-09

a vacancy in the chief JUS
ticeship due to the death
Of Mr.. Stone, Mr.. Truman
selected Fred VinSon, who had
given up his life tenure as a
United States Circuit Court
of Appeals judge to take a
wartime post in the Govern
ment.
So, in every case for the
last so years, the President
has sought some one with
judicial experience, and in two
instances out Of five in the
last half century the selection
for Chief Justice has not been
of the same political party
as the man in the White
House.
Looking over the present
Supreme Court, the logical
man for President Eisenhower
to elevate-if he chooses a
Democrats Justice Robert
H. Jackson, who was appointed
to the Supreme Court in June
1941, at the same time that
President Roosevelt selected a
Republican, Mr.. Stone. for
Chief Justice.
Justice Jackson is, with the
exception of Justices Douglas,
Clark and Black, the youngest
on the bench now, and is
known as a middle-of the
roader in the sense that he
has seemed to veer away from
the extreme views held by
either the so-called conserva-
tives or radicals on the present
court.
Justice Jackson is believed
to have been in the forefront
for appointment by President
Truman when it was reported
to the latter that the feud on
the court at that time could
only be resolved by bringing
in some one from the outside.
He then appointed Judge Vim
son.
If President Eisenhower
should elevate q Democrat
from the present bench -
Justice Reed would be another
good choice if his health were
better - the way would be
opened to the appointment of
a new man as an associate
justice. It would be in order
then to select a Republican.
The name Of Gov. Warren Of
California has been promi-
nently mentioned, but 1t Is
Evening star., 1953-09-09

and confidence clung to him.
Much Of this aspect has been
transferred now to NATO
councils, military and diplo-
matte. largely Influenced by the
United States, Great Britain
and France, but in which all
nations participating have a
voice.
With Gen. Gruenther at his
back, Gen. Eisenhower could
take on these front man"
jobs with entire confidence
that the military aspects we're
getting proper attention. It
is generally felt that the pres
ent President Of the United
States climbed a peak Of
achievement at NATO and
appeared at his best, a YER
dict American voters thump-
ingly seconded last November.
Gen. Eisenhower, as his
supporters thankfully men,
tion. has always been lucky.
The problems were nonethe-
less mounting as he gave over
to Gen. Ridgway. It is said
here that Gen. Ridgway
worked hard at the task of
succeeding Gen. Eisenhower
and never complained about
the unfinished business that
he inherited. It is felt, how
ever, that he never got on top
OF the job or really close
to his people at SHAPE
headquarters, including the
Americans.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate, Inc
Evening star., 1953-09-09
Goods 10 Aid Iran
Start Moving Soon,
Stassen Announces

Foreign Aid Chief Harold e.
StasSen says American goods ur-
gently needed by Iran soon will
be moving to that country under
the emergency $45 million aid
program announced by President
Eisenhower last Saturday.
Mr.. Stassen told a news con-
ference late yesterday that pur-
chases already had been author
lied under the program, devel-
oped to help avert an economic
crisis for the new anti-Com-
muniSt government in Iran.
He did not specify the COM
modities authorized for immedi-
ate purchase, but said the pro-
gram will include materials for
rehabilitation of Trans railroads
and bus lines as we'll as some
foodstuffs and other materials
short in Iran.
Agency Decentralized.
Mr.. Stassen also:
l. Announced reorganization
of his Foreign Operations Admin
istration to go into effect Oc-
tober l, with the emphasis on
decentralization so as to give
more responsibility and author
ity to regional directors and
FOA officials operating programs
in foreign countries.
2. Said Western Europe is
rapidly gaining the position
where it no longer will need
American economic aid-as dis
tinct from military assistance.
He estimated the economic aid
will amount to about $3.50 mil
lion this fiscal year.
3. Claimed real progress" in
the cold war during the first
eight months of the Eisenhower
administration.
Staff Cuts Near End.
The way for the FOA reor-
ganization has been cleared by
recent action to drop about $50
persons from the payroll. Mr..
Stassen said the staff reductions
are about completed now.
He said the personnel cuts and
the reorganization are designed
Evening star., 1953-09-09

their reaction to our revised
foreign policy, inasmuch as
this subject had been marked
by such widespread confusion
and bitter controversy.
I have been gratified to hear
at first hand Of the virtually
unanimous approval which is
being accorded President Eli
senhower's foreign policy. I
am pleased, of course, as a Re-
publican because I want the
Republican team to succeed.
But more Importantly, I am
pleased as an American be-
cause wholehearted public sup
port is absolutely essential for
even the soundest of Govern
ment policies.
It is easy to see, I believe,
why President Eisenhower's
foreign policy has won respect
and support. It is based on
certain historic principles
which have been the source of
our greatness since the start
of the Republic. and those
principles are being applied
with skill, courage and deter
mination.
The first principle is that
the United States, as a genu-
inely peace-loving Nation, is
willing not merely to hope for
peace but to work and struggle
for it. In recent months the
United States has begun to
marshal its immense power in
just such an endeavor.
We have seized the initiative
for peace. The Soviet Union
Evening star., 1953-09-09

tion Of those for whom he had
fought.
In this instance, Harry Tru-
man was the old-fashioned
"agitator" who demanded the
whole book and stirred up con-
troversy and provoked debate
and thought. The debate he
stirred up, the thinking he pro-
voked, have been fruitful, it
is certain, far more than is
yet realized. For the South,
for all of the bitter resent
ment at him, has stepped up in
the last few years its efforts
to extend the area of civil
rights. though it would be de-
MED in the South that Harry
Truman had any influence in
that progress.
AS contrasted with the bel
ligerent role of the former
President, 1t fell upon the
Chief Justice to do his part in
the highest court of our land
which. often in the past, has
itself written the law as well
as history-for we know how
it helped to make a war once
by the Dred Scott decision.
Chief Justice Wilson'S con-
tribution-and it was a great
one-was to pull the court
together unanimously behind
the decision he himself wrote
in the Oklahoma and Texas
cases holding that Negroes
must be admitted to graduate
schools of State supported
colleges on the same basis as
white students. AS a unani-
nous decision, it would carry
more weight in the South, and
that has been demonstrated
in what is happening in
Southern colleges. It is, in
effect. a il-blazer. At least
two justices would have gone
further than the court went in
its decision, which was limited
Evening star., 1953-09-09
Thonos l. Stokes
Truman and Vinson in News
Old Friends, in Headlines Same Week. Are Identified
With Civil Rights Progress Despite Backgrounds
/eek, Are Identified
esPite Backgrounds

the House of Representatives,
where he served for many
years, and notably so later
because the terrain of opera
ton was so much bigger
when he was in the top civilian
command at the White House
during the Second World War,
and similarly as presiding Of
f1cer and keeper of the peace
for the Supreme Court which,
when he assumed his seat in
1946, was a veritable nest of
feudists that called out the
best pacifying talents of this
tactful and patient Kentuck-
ian.
The contrast of character
and method was manifest in
the part that each man has
played in one of the great is
sues Of this time. Their re-
spective influence probably will
loom much larger in history
than 1t does now when con-
troverSy over that issue still
RACES and when each Of the
men is identified with so many
other issues with which this
shares attention.
The great issue referred to
is civil rights.
Striking in the contribu-
tions that each has made in
his own way-and very praise
worthy-iS the fact that each
came from Southern-border-
State backgrounds. That, too,
is in the American tradition.
The former President struck
boldly, unequivocally and with
out compromise for the whole
catalogue Of civil rights spelled
out for him by a commission
representing varying view
points that he had appointed
and, by standing there, un-
moved, taking the brickbats
full In the face, he widened the
split in his party. He won at
the same time the loyal devo-
Evening star., 1953-09-09

agreement to resume negotia-
tions for a truce. Finally the
Stalemated war, which had be-
come the fourth most costly
in terms of American casual
ties, came to a halt. From this
truce we hope will come q
peace which will be based on
right, justice and freedom.
These objectives could not be
achieved through the recogni-
ton Of Red China by the
United Nations.
William Oats, the American
newspaperman who had been
impriS on d in Communist
Czechoslovakia for two years,
was freed. Communist flyers
began to desert.
All along the Iron Curtain
new spirit and fresh courage
were born in the hearts of the
enslaved peoples. The citizens
of East Berlin, Pilsen, Leipzig
and other Communist occupied
areas gave vent to their long
simmering hatred of the Com
munistS and for the first time
rose up in defiant riots.
President Eisenhower fol-
lowed up with a master stroke.
He offered SIS million in food
stuffs to the Communists for
the hungry human beings Of
East Germany. The Kremlin,
discredited whichever way it
turned, rejected the offer.
President Else hower
promptly furnished the food
directly to West Germany. In
the following weeks, thousands
of East Berliners risked their
lives to cross into West Berlin
for Eisenhower food packages.
The United States, proving
that humanitarianism still
lives in an age Of Communist
barbariSm. had won an impor-
tant psychological battle.
In the chess moves of world
affairs, and particularly in
dealing with the Communists,
the pattern of a new policy
must evolve relatively slowly.
or the element of surprise Is
lost. But already, in a few
months, the Communist posi-
tion has begun to deteriorate.
We have the initiative. We
have regained control Of our
own destiny.
AS Americans see more Of
the new pattern unfold, they
will have every reason for re-
newed confidence in the future.
Evening star., 1953-09-09

in actual scope, but for the
Chief Justices restraint to get
unanimity. He executed q
piece Of politics of the highest
order and in the best sense
comparable to what the late
Chief Justice Charles Evans
Hughes did when he pulled a
majority of the court of the
1930s around to accept a good
deal of the new economic and
social order of the Roosevelt
New Deal and thus saved the
court from the Franklin D.
Roosevelt packing" threat.
Not too long after it con-
venes October 5, the Supreme
Court probably will act on a
much broader case involving
segregation in public schools
generally. It has labored long
over this. Very likely the in
f1uence of Fred VinSon will
reveal itself in whatever Solu-
ton the court finds for this
truly difficult problem
Evening star., 1953-09-09
Thomas L. Stokes

1t was only coincidence
that two national figures were
bracketed this week in 'front.'
page headlines.
But they are bracketed in
this era - former President
Truman, who returned to the
political wars and so earned
again a place on the front
page, and his close friend and
confidant, Fred M. Vinson, for
whom death ended a long
career in public life that came
to its climax with his appoint
ment to the Supreme Court by
President Truman and his
designation as Chief Justice of
the United States.
From simple beginnings in
Missouri and Kentucky the
two men had reached two
coveted pinnacles, and their
careers remind us again, If we
need to be reminded, of the
vitality Of the legend-which
isn't a legend at all-that ours
is a land Of opportunity. The
miracle, which is not a miracle
in our country, is exemplifled
in the present occupant Of the
White House, a farm boy from
Kansas, who also was a good
friend for many years of the
late Chief Justice.
The two men, Harry Truman
and Fred Vinson, exhibit con-
traSts that are common in poll
tics as in other walks Of life.
AS a political leader, Mr.. Tru-
man was. and is, dramatic.
fortnight, often uncompro-
missing, a direct actioniSt. The
Chief Justice, though a man of
flrm principle, usually sought
his objectives by less aggres-
Sive methods. He was Skillful
in bringing men together by
the process Of persuasion and
give and take.
In that role Of able nego-
tiator he was effective in
Evening star., 1953-09-09
Menzies Burs Talk
Of Recognizing Reds
By the Assoeioted Press

CANBERRA, Australia, Sept,
9.-Prime Minister Robert Men
zies declared today the Austria
lian government would not even
talk about recognizing Commu-
mist China until the Korean sit
uation is settled.
Speaking to the House of Rep
resentatives, the Prime Minister
said: I'VE don't discuss the rec
ognition Of an enemy in the
field"
Evening star., 1953-09-09
Dorothy Thompson

1t is no longer a secret that
our foreign policies are in a
bad way; that the United
States is viewed with hostility
by both friends and opponents;
and that American leader
ship" is becoming increasingly
an illusion. In the United
Evening star., 1953-09-09

For different point Of view on our
foreign policy, see Dorothy Thompson's
column, also on this pose todoy.
Evening star., 1953-09-09

Constantine BroUn is on
UGcGtion. His guest coIunanist
for today is Speaker Joseph
Martin of the House of Repre-
sentGtiDes, 1Dto praises Repub-
licGn foreign policy strongly,
admitting the 1Dhile that he is
pdrtiS1n.)
Evening star., 1953-09-09

By Speaker Joseph Mortin
Since the adjournment of
Congress and my departure
from Washington, I have had
the opportunity to talk to
hundreds of Americans about
the changes in the Federal
Government since January. I
was especially eager to learn
Evening star., 1953-09-09

For a different point Of view on our
foreign policy, see guest column by
Speaker Joseph Mortin, also on this
poae todoy.
Arizona sun., 1953-10-16
Tanner Chapel

A fine spiritual service was rem
dered last Sunday morning at Tan
ner Chapel A.M.E. Church. Mrs
Jordan and sons from Litchfield
Arizona, joined fellowship with the
church, after hearing the inspir-
ing sermon, "a Boy and His
Lunch" by the pastor, Rev. c. K
Hayes. Rev. j. w. Bonds was pull
pit guest.
The previous Sunday morning,
October 4, marked the beginning
of the First Quarterly Conference.
The Presiding Elder, Rev. T. J.
Townsend delivered the sermon. In
his soul-stirring message he
warned his listeners about "being
faithful to ones faith" Sacrament
was administered to nearly BOO
members and guests.
The. following night, the first
quarterly meeting was held at the
church. After singing, praying and
the reading of scriptures, Rev
Hayes turned the meeting over tC
Presiding Elder Rev. Townsend
Roll was called by Sister Katie
Strelen, secretary, who was re-
elected to serve the first quarter
Reports followed by members
representing the various depart
ments of the church:
Sunday School, Mrs. r. McGee;
Missionary Society, Mrs. L. G.
White; Junior Missionary Society
Mrs. Mary Roller; Stewardess
Board, No. 1, Mrs. L. G. White;
Stewardess Board, No. 2, Mrs. Car
rie Roberts; Pastors Aides, Mrs.
Hunter; Senior Choir, Cecil Scott;
Junior Choir, Miss Crystal Town
send; Progressive Art, Mrs. Myrtle
Copeland; Usher Board, Mrs. Mary
Roller; Improvement, Mrs. Katie
Strelen; Trustee Board, Helen
Peterson; Stewards Board, Mrs.
Alice Wheeler.
Brother Carr was named as sup
erintendent of Sunday School.
Rev. Townsend was presented a
check for $110 by district steward,
Hubbard Moseley, in appreciation
for his fine spiritual leadership.
L. G. White, reporter.
Arizona sun., 1953-10-16

The above picture is that of Mr..
Leonard Caldwell, formerly gen.
eral director of the Baptist Train
ing Union of the First Institutional
Baptist Church. If the member
ship of our church realized the
benefit of BTU, and if they
wanted to be efficient and affec-
tive in their services for the Lord,
the church would be packed at
$50. pm. each Sunday. ALI church
leaders should come from the
BTU, even to a deacon, if the
church should have an occasion of
adding a man onto it's staff of dea-
cons, the general director of the
BTU should be able to lay hands
on such a man without any trouble.
The duties and qualifications Of
BTU director, are numerous and
exacting and require steady and
sincere character who has a fair
knowledge of the work and is will
Arizona sun., 1953-10-16

ing to learn more about it. Should
have knowledge of general church
program, love and understanding
of people, especially young people.
There are SO many people who
were faithful in the church but
now they are falling off. They
take interest in social, civic and
fraternal doings but fail the
church. The church is the only saw
ing institution in the world. 1t is
to save life as well as a soul. Each
individual knows if he or she is a
Christian; if they know this, then
the next step is to prove it to the
world.
It has always impressed me how
sincere brother Caldwell was in his
work in the church, the quick
steps he made in the performance
of his duty, the tone of his voice
when he called one, brother.
Christian men and women work.
ing to do Gods will, agree with a
saying of Benjamin Franklin, ut
tered in 1772. He said, 1--WE must not
in the course of public life expect
immediate appreciation and immed-
late grateful acknowledgement of
our services. But let us persevere
through abuse and even injury. The
internal satisfaction of good con-
science is always present, and time
will do us justice in the minds of
the people, even of those at present
the most prejudiced against u.s."
Arizona sun., 1953-10-16
Lucy Phillips

All who were present enjoyed
the fine sermon preached by the
Presiding Elder M. Thompson at
last Sundays morning service. In
the afternoon, the Rev. E. o. Simp-
son, pastor of Bethel CME Church,
brought the message to large
congregation. The Bethel Choir
sang. Also present at this service
was the Rev. C. w. Davis and his
members of Lewis Chapel CINE
Church.
The Presiding Elder spoke again
at the evening service and on
Monday, the following evening, he
conducted the business session OF
the quarterly conference.
Arizona sun., 1953-10-16
Youth ConyOCation
To Be Held Here
October 1926

The Tenth Annual State Youth
Convocation of the Churches of
God In Christ of Arizona, will be
in session from Monday, October
10Th through Sunday, October 25,
eonvening at the Emmanuel
Church of God In Christ at 1887
West Buckeye. Elder FELTON, King,
State President and Host Pastor,
will preside over the meeting.
The theme for the meeting will
be, Christ Is Christianity, and
Christianity Is Christ" We antici-
pate this meeting to be one of
the greatest ever held in the state.
We are expecting such speak
'ers as DR.. w. J. Taylor of Los An
geleS, California, Elder r. L. Law
son of Ell Paso, Texas; Elder S. E.
Mitchell of Santa Barbara, Califor-
mai; Elder Morgan of Los Angeles
California, and Evangelist E. E
Cleveland of Berkeley, California
who will bring the concluding mes
sage of the meeting.
There will be timely discussions
speeches, and papers given during
this youth meeting. Musical selec-
tions will be furnished each night
by different choirs and groups of
the city.
Assistant State Mother Ola H.
Garner plans a big day for Thurs
day, October %, Official Women's
Day.
We sincerely hope that all who
attend this meeting, will go away
sincerely inspired with greater
determination to accomplish more
in the Christian world.
Lorene King, publicity agent
Arizona sun., 1953-10-16
CHURCH NEWS
Beacon Light

A special offering to help spon-
sor Christian broadcasts in 50 Ian
guages through the facilities of
more than 800 radio stations was
taken at the Beacon Light Seventh
Day Adventist Church, Saturday
morning.
The program, known as Voice of
Prophecy, originates in Los An
geles, California, and is heard
weekly on two networks in this
country in addition to several
hundred foreign stations.
Pastor Mills said the program
offers a few home-study Bible
courses in many languages. Nearly
100000 persons have graduated
from the course, he said, many
thousands of whom have been won
to Christianity.
The offering is taken annually,
the pastor stated.