davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-08-16
German Food

There are two theories on the
results to be achieved by continual
ton of the American program of
food gifts to Communist-zone Ger
mans:
Q The resulting turmoil will fur
ther disrupt the Communist regime
and give the Russians one more
sound reason for getting out Of
Germany.
. The resulting turmoil will force
the Russians to crack down on East
Germany and close the door to any
negotiations leading to q settle
ment Of the German problem.
American of1cials apparently
hold to the frst theory, for the
food handout was ordered extended
last week. Britain and France
hold to the second view. They
asked that extension of the plan
be held up until the three West
ern high commissioners can con-
slider it. British and French news
papers have warned repeatedly of
the risk Of a backf1re to the food
program.
The first distribution attempt
seemed to be q real propaganda
coup. A. It tapered 10 . halt yes
Evening star., 1953-08-16

thing. The agreement was to talk,
not fight. The British ConServa-
ttves' political opposition wanted
to know why the statement was
ever made. The Labor Party also
took exception to the stated "prob-
ability" that the resumed war
would extend to the China main
land.
Yesterday Prime Minister
Churchill said the half-promise
to go back to war did not apply
if South Korea started anything.
That was, of course, clear from the
beginning. The question why the
defiant but technically meaning
less statement ever was made
remained unexplained at the end
of the week.
Evening star., 1953-08-16
The West

The intended import for the
Western allies in Mr.. Malenkov's
speech was plain: Don't try to get
tough. For the United States
there was outright defiance; for
the others, unabashed wooing' The
Soviet Premier was trying to drive
the wedge deeper between America
and its allies.
One important shift in Soviet
policy also was revealed in the
new attitude toward France and
Germany. Premier Malenkov, ap-
parently having lost hope that he
can influence the German elec-
tionS next month with sweet talk,
reverted to time-honored appre-
hension about the revival Of mil
itarism In Germany. He treated
West Germany as congenitally mil
itariStic and something to be afraid
Of. At the same time he turned to
France and promised cooperation
in the permanent naturalization
Of Germany. The price for Rus
sian help in keeping Germany
whitfield down to size-presum-
ably the H-bomb could be called
on II necesSary-would be French
friendship for Russia and, pre-
Sumably, French withdrawal from
the odious North Atlantic Treaty
Organization.
Western reactions varied widely
Secretary Of State Dulles saw
mainly the weakness Mr.. Malen-
kov had betrayed, and exulted in
1t. His attitude: Full steam ahead
on the tough" policy, which has
paid OF so well up to now.
Prime Minister Churchill, on the
other hand, was reported to be
straining to get back from "vaca-
ton" to make another bid for Big
Four talks.
In the United Nations the grim
warning implied in the H-bomb
announcement struck with full
impact. Old disarmament propo-
sails were busted off for another
try. And new search was under
way for a fresh approach which
might pledge both principals in
the cold war TO q renunciation of
the world suicide that would be
Evening star., 1953-08-16

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Evening star., 1953-08-16
Korea

THE AFTERMATH Of the Korean
i war developed along two lines
of controversy last week, one in
volving the prisoner-of-war ex-
change at Panmunjom, the other
concerning membership in the Far
Eastern Political Conference pro-
vided for in the truce agreement.
The Communist and United Ma.
ton sides accused each other OF
withholding prisoners. First, the
Reds acknowledged that they
would hold back some prisoners to
try them for Grimes" even though
both sides had agreed to send back
all prisoners. The United Nations
announced 1t would retaliate by
trying such men as the Koje
rioters. The numbers Of men in
volved are not known.
Besides haggling with the Com
munists, the U. N. Command had
another problem: What to do
about mounting evidence that
some Americans informed on their
fellow prisoners while in Red
camps.
Meanwhile, Britain and America
rushed headlong into a new public
suuabble over which countries
should be invited to the Far East
ern Conference. The United States
wants to have only countries which
contributed troops. (This would
exclude India, which sent only
medics, and Russia). Britain was
adamant in demanding seats for
Russia and India. It looked as II
other u. N. members with less at
stake would have to arbitrate the
issue when the special General
Assembly session convenes in New
York tomorrow. Russia undoubt-
edly will be heard from at that
time.
A side controversy also developed
in Britain over the ambiguous
wording of the 16 U. N. lighting
nations agreement to talk about
resuming the war II the Reds at
tack again. Britain's Foreign
once pointed out early last week
that the statement didn't mean Q
Evening star., 1953-08-16

q nationwide general strike. That
had only spotty success.
Az the week ended this was the
situation: Government workers
still were out, but some union
leaders were worried. They felt
the demonstration had gone far
enough, but their mild sugges-
tions to return to work were
unheeded. Communist labor lead
ers were helping to keep the strike
rolling. The Reds saw an oppor-
tunity to create a popular front"
feeling by joining in the leader
ship of the strike.
The Communists-and the So
cialists-also saw an opportunity
to topple the right-wing Laniel
government. The Chamber of Dep
uties is adjourned until October
IL, so there can be no immediate
parliamentary vote Of no conf
dence. But If 209 deputies peti-
ton the president of the National
Assembly to recall Parliament,
then an attempt to oust Laniel
could be made.
Recall letters were mailed but
the postal strike kept many Of
them from reaching Assembly
President Herriot. Communists and
Socialists could round up 205 let
ters among their own party mem
bers. 1t would take only four from
other parties to complete the trick.
M. Laniel was fighting not only
for balanced budget but for his
cabinets existence.
And to add to his troubles, M,
Laniel faced q revolt In Morocco
by 800 tribal chieftains who want
to depose the French-sponsored
Sultan Sidi Mohammed ben
Yousef. French mediatorS were
trying to head of open revolution.
Evening star., 1953-08-16

TEE CIVIL SERVANT has con-
Il tended ever since the war that
he is the most downtroddden Of
Frenchmen. Unable to dodge taxes
like the upper class, merchants and
farmers, lacking the comforting
wage boosts of the proletariat and
squeezed between the soaring cost
of living and a stagnant income,
he has long demanded relief.
Instead of relief, however, the
new Laniel government two weeks
ago planned to offer only economy
f1rings and setbacks in the retire
ment program. Reason: The ma
tional budget had to be brought
closer to balance. Higher taxes
and less spending were planned in
a series of moves which would AZ
feet most Frenchmen. 1t was q
qG1e that the first announcement
should be aimed at the irate gov
ernment worker.
When news of the announcement
leaked, the workers struck. A "a
hour walkout was called by the
civil-Service unions. France was
tied briefly into knots and then, a
week ago, the workers drifted back
to their jobs.
New WoIkout
Last week, however, the govern
ment formally unveiled It's civil
service economy program. That
touched of q renewal Of the strike.
This time the PTT-postss, teIe-
grGphes, telephones-stopped. Pub
lie utilities were shut OF. Buses,
trains and the Metro paris sub
way) stopped running. National
lied mines closed down.
Unions demanded that Premier
Laniel repudiate his economy or
der and raise civil service pay.
He refused to bulge. Instead he
announced DEGREES to draft work.
ers; he suspended many persons
from their jobs and jailed a few.
Soldiers tried to carry on some
governmental functions. But the
strike was still 80 per cent effective
in most areas.
Later In the week attempts were
made 70 extend the Walkout into
Evening star., 1953-08-16
Canada

The slogan, TITS time for q
change" proved to have little lure
north Of the border last week.
The Liberal Party Of Prime Min
ister Louis st. Laurent breezed
back into off1ce for its fifth straight
victory in 1s years for the Liberals.
The campaign in some respects
paralleled last years presidential
race in the United States. The
"outs," the Progressive ConServa-
tive Party, charged the Liberals
with bureaucracy, corruption and
softness toward Americas foreign
trade policy. The Liberals ran on
their record.
Unlike the American election,
there was q noticeable lack Of en-
Evening star., 1953-08-16

almost certain II H-war were TO
break out tses the AympoGiVm on
page ABB.
There h yet some soaaoe for the
West IN an MalenkovB bluOtOr.
For the Soviet Prime Minister Is
in q voluble mood, and Red volu-
bility Is usually q cover for doing
nothing. South Korea's Foreign
Minister, Y. T. Pung, spoke elo-
quently of this same Soviet trait
back in June, 1850, just before the
Communists came hurting into
his country. He said, when the
Soviet Union talks war, 1t is bluff
ing. When 1t talks peace, 1t means
war. When 1t means war, 1t strikes,
not talks"
The world was generally agreed
that Malenkov was bluffing last
week. The cleavage was over how
best to exploit 1t.
Evening star., 1953-08-16

and indestructible friendship" that
binds the Soviet Union and the
Chinese Peoples Republic" He
also doomed the "all-round CO.
operation between the soviet
Union and Poland, Czechoslovakia,
Rumania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Al
bania, the Mongolian Peoples Re-
public" which he said 1s extend
ing and growing stronger" He
Dragged about improving rela-
tions with Persia, and included
friendly overtures to Finland, Tur-
key, Israel, Afghanistan, India,
Pakistan and Japan.
This kind of white talk,
in the teeth of satellite unrest and
other neighbors' suspicious, is
more strong evidence that Mr..
Malenkov, like Hamlet'S mother,
doth protest too much.
Evening star., 1953-08-16
On the Periphery

Many students Of Russia Judge
her present policy aS q search for
breathing space in which to digest
de-, thoroughly subjugate) the
empire ingested in the last IL
years. Much was found in the
Malenkov speech to substantiate
this view. The Russian leader
Tended of American and allied
thrusts at his satellites and made
diversionary passes at the United
States friends.
To keep his own crowd happy,
Malenkov plans to resort to the
American technique of foreign aid.
Both North Korea and East Ger
many were promised help, the
former TO get l billion rubles in
relief Immediately. Ma1enkov
spoke pASSionately Of "ths great
Evening star., 1953-08-16
At Home

On the domestic scene, Malen-
kov promised lower taxes and more
consumer goods. This time he
sounded much more convincing in
his promises than he did last Oc-
tober at the 18th party congress.
He was specific. He foreSaw a
sharp rise" in production for con-
sumers. The 1855 goal could be
met much sooner" Machine
builders would switch to consumer
goods. Cotton goods, other tex
tiles, crockery, food, even cars and
refrigerator would be made more
plentiful, Mr.. Malenkov said. Even
so, little comparison with earlier
Soviet reports shows that the in
creased levels will be below the
prewar supply, when the Soviet
population was only 167 million,
instead of 210 million as it is today.
There also was an appeal to the
collective farmers. The long Sta
liniSt march toward complete col
lectivization is to be halted, Mr..
Malenkov limited. Farmers would be
allowed to keep more private prop
erty, to raise more of their own
livestock, and to sell more on the
capitalistic-type markets. Subsi-
dies and government-paid prices
to farmers would be increased.
Here was the admission of weak
ness on the domestic front. The
peasants and the proletariat can
be pushed no further, Mr.. Malen-
kov said in effect. Budget ex-
perts point out, however, that the
"let-up" actually will amount to
a mere maintenance of the
status quo.
Evening star., 1953-08-16
Italy

Nineteen Socialists exercised
their veto over q prospective
middle-of-the-road italian govern
ment last week, and the Piccioni
government died a-borning.
Italy has been looking for
government since the end of June
when Premier de Gasperi stepped
down to permit new elections to be
held. After the elections, his CEN
ter-party coalition had such a
small majority it has been unable
to hold together in order to form
a government.
The first person to try and fail
was De Gasperi himself. The sec
ond was q De Gasperi lieutenant,
Attino Piccioni, who gave up last
week.
Piccioni tried to do what De
Gasperi couldn't: Reform the CEN
ter coalition.
Next to make the attempt was
Giuseppe Pella, another De Gas
peri man, who agreed to set up
a "technicians" cabinet Of men
who were civil servants but in
most cases not politicians. 1t was
hoped that such n-controver-
sial cabinet could stay in Office
until November, long enough to
get the budget through Parlia-
ment.
Evening star., 1953-08-16
Administration
TINE PRESIDENT took drastic
l. steps last week to meet two
rAAAAA AL

TINE PRESIDENT took drastic
l. steps last week to meet two
expected fiscal crises.
The flrst will come toward the
end Of the year, when the national
debt will threaten to burst through
the legal ceiling Of $275 billion.
If all funds voted by Congress are
spent, the deficit will go perhaps
50 billion over the limit, and Con-
gress will have to be recalled for
the politically humiliating job Of
raising the legal limit.
To avoid that, President Eisen-
hover last week ordered all de-
partment and agency heads to
hold back some of the money they
plan to spend. Despite the fact
that the White House and Con-
gress cut expected spending for
the current year by $13 billion,
another 81 billion will have to be
saved.
The second crisis will come next
year when the President tries to
deliver on his implied promise to
balance the budget. He could do
it with relative ease II 1t we're not
for other implied promises to cut
taxes.
Taxes voted by the Democrats
are due to expire next year-just
to complicate his problem. Excess
profits taxes and personal income
taxes will automatically be cut
back January l.. That will take
IS billion from the income of
fiscal year 1855 (starting July 1,
1954). Special excise taxes will
expire next April /, costing the
Government another So billion q
year.
This $S-billion loss, added to
the current $4-to-$5-billion deficit,
makes staggering the job that
faces the President. To fulfill his
promises he will have to lop almost
$13 billion from Government
spending next year. And spending
Is "cut to the bone" this year.
The attempt will be made.
Budget Director Joseph M. Dodge
last week ordered department.
heads to submit budget estimates
for fiscal 1855 by September IS.
He ordered waste to be cut, per-
sonnet to be dropped and unneces-
sary programs to be abandoned.
The key to such large cuts will
have to be abandonment Of pro-
grams. If there is any waste to
be found 1t will be removed this
fall In the drive to avoid the
debt limit. Where will the reduce
ton be found? Civilian functions
of the Government cost only SIS
billion altogether, so foreign aid
and defense spending can be ex-
pected to bear the brunt.
One indication of an area where
large cuts probably can not be
found came when almost nine out
of 10 of the Nations wheat farmers
voted to keep high Government
subsidies and marketing quotas for
next years wheat crop. The vote
was q Agn that expensive farm
price supports still are popular
with the farm bloc.
Evening star., 1953-08-16

THERE WAS a new swagger
l. about Mr.. Malenkov in his two
hour appearance before the Su-
preme Soviet, and this was almost
universally judged to indicate that
the tubby little dictator was at
least temporarily in the saddle.
The tone of his speech, the lack
of reference to rule by committee,
the contemptuouS dismissal OF
Lavrenti Beria in a paragraph, and
the responses from the Supreme
Soviet all indicated he had at
tanned a new Importance.
Among free nations there also
was general agreement that Mr..
Malenkov talked very much like a
man who had something to hide.
That something, they thought, was
weakness, both at home and in the
satellites.
But the very problem OF how to
exploit this assumed weakness was
stirring up conflict among Amer
lea and her allies. 1t was the same
problem that prevailed before
Malenkov spoke.
The Soviet Premler's tWo-hour
speech was organized geographi-
cally. First he dealt with domes-
tic problems, next with those Of
the vast Soviet periphery from
Korea around to Finland, then
with the NATO countries Cnclud-
ing especially the United States,
an implacable enemy, and France,
q potential friend). ALI along the
way he made specific denials OF
weakness and stressed Soviet
strong points.
Malenkov's remark about the H
bomb was used as a device to laugh
off the new tough" policy, as he
called 1t, which America is pressing
upon the Soviet Union.
Evening star., 1953-08-16

thuSiasm in the Canadian CAM
paign. The Conservatives, split by
disSention, could muster little in
interest in their demand for a
change.
Result was that the Liberals won
I'll seats in the 265-member House
of CommonS-a solid majority,
though 10 less than their pre-
election strength. The Conserva-
tives picked up nine seats for a
total of so.
Canada can look forward to an
other st. Laurent government that
will look pretty much like the last
one. And the Conservatives, led
by George Drew, were talking
about overhauling their party.
Disaster
A huge crack runs along the
ocean bed near the islands Of
Cephalonia, Ithaca and Zante-the
ULYSSES" country off the western
coast of Greece. When the stresses
in the earth'S crust force the mil
lions of tons of solid rock along
the crack to grind against each
other, the islands heave and shake.
Last week the underground
fault was shifting again, and the
resulting earthquake was rated
the worst in Greece,s long history.
It was impossible to count the
casualties on the three islands, be-
cause the quakes continued all
week. Communication to the noun
famous interior of the islands was
broken. Even in the coastal cities
rescue teams could make only q
hasty guess at the damage: Pei
haps 1000 dead, 10000 homeless
from ruin and fire.
Aid was rushed by the Ameri-
can, British and Israeli navies and
relief shipments were prepared Dy
Italy, Denmark, Switzerland, Tur-
key, Yugoslavia and the Interna-
tional Red Cross.
While the quake was churning
up the ground in Greece, two Of
the years first hurricanes were
churning up the sea along the At
lantic coast and in the Pacific.
I.9l
folk, Va, with mile-an-hour
winds. Five persons were killed.
The storm then veered over toward
ocean City, Md, but had almost
blown itself out when 1t arrived.
The big Pacific blow was a diff
ferent story. Winds up to 1874 miles
an hour headed for the vicinity Of
the American base at Okinawa.
Evening star., 1953-08-16

terday, more than rs million par
cels had been distributed among
10 million East Germans. Russia
had been embarrassed by the dem
onstration Of her inability to (D
feed the Germans or (2) keep them
away from the Western food lines.
And the candidacy Of Chancellor
Adenauer, friend Of the West, had
been given a needed boost for the
coming elections.
At weeks end another round of
food gifts seemed to be In the
making. The high commissioner
did not seem ready to stop the
program, which is actually han
died by the West Germans. The
British and French were still try
ing to convince America she was
playing with fire, however.
, 1953-05-27
JACK REIBER ;.

pointment have declined"
Mr.. Goetz closed by saying
$50 Mr.. Reiber can continue
with the operation of the res
taurant-which he apparently
does very well. He will not be
going to the Virgin Islands
except as a tourist"
, 1953-05-27

PLAN -.
proceed to make arrangements
with FAC.
The proposal is the out
growth of a recommendation
of the Conference on Indus
trial Development which was
held last year in Puerto Rico
under the auspices of the
Commission.
, 1953-05-27
PROGRAM
RADIO STATION VISTA

RADIO STATION VISTA
The Voice of the Virgin Islands
THURSDAY
TOO 7:30 Colgate Breakfast
Club
7:30- 900 Over the Coffee Cup
600 8:15 chinnerY's Mystery
Tunnel
800 9:15 Morning Devotions
9:15- $50
$50 1000 Swap Shop
1000 1915 AIRS News
1918 1890 Four knights
1890 HOO Antigua Antics
HOO 1900 Record Shop
1900 1915 Land of the Free
1915 1890
1890 12:45 Front Page News
Pan American
12:45- loo
100 1:55 Siesta Time
1855 200 NEWS
200 2:15 Your Program Ladies
2:30- 800 Musical Matinee -
(Western)
800 400 Musical Matinee -
Popular
400 400 Classical Interlude
4:30- 600 RequestfullY Yours
500 6:15 Schlitz News Prog.
6:15- 6:45
GAS 700 Social Security
100 7:30 Salon Serenade
Z Queens Quarter
7:3O- 800 Gravediggers' Orch.
800 $50 Literary Program
800 900 Drifting Buckeroos
900 9:15 AIRS News
9:15- $50 AIRS Sports
Roundup
$50 1000 Broadway Show
Tunes
1000 HOO Musical MerrY-go-
round
, 1953-05-27
Governor
wanted him to see.

This action of His Excellen-
cy, of course, makes it impos-
sible for Secretary Lewis to
get a true picture of things as
they are here. It is indeed
harmful when responsible per
sons in the community are
not permitted to speak to
Washington officials, when
ever they visit the Islands.
, 1953-05-27

RAD1O STATION WIVI
. 1870 on your dial
tNhe Little Station With
the Big Reach
THURSDAY
6::55 Sign On
ZOO Morning Devotions
1850 Rise and Shine
7:45 NEWS
800 Rise and Shine
$50
900 ST. croix Special
$50
1000 Songs of France
1915 Faith in Our Lives
1880 Concert Hall
HOO
1870 The Stars Sing
1900 Excursions in Science
1915. Musical Roundup -. .
1890 Island Bulletin Board
12:45 Musical Roundup
100 This is the Hour
1.3O "
200 The Music Box
2:30
800 Latin RhYthms
$50 .
400 1890 Club (Request Show
4;3O
500
$50 Spanish program
5:45 1890 Club
5:55 Souvenir Song
500 NEWS
6:l5 Tempo Time
$50 =
6:45 Evelyn Knight Show
ZOO NEWS
7:15 The Man on the Street
1880 Candle Light and Silver
7:45 NEWS
800 Vic Damone Show
8:15 Radio NewsreeI
$3.50 Ave Maria Hour
900 Mystery Tune
$50 Cruzan Confusion
1000 NEWS
1915 Sign Off
Evening star., 1953-04-23

tension to october /. but efforts
are under way to get Senate
leaders to accept the July 81
date, too.
Federal rent controls are in
effect now on about 4.3 million
units in non-defense critical
areas covering 1,400 cities. in
cluding Chicago. Philadelphia,
st. Louis. Boston. Minneapolis,
st. Paul and Cleveland. All these
would die July 81, under the
compromise.
Critical Areas Defined.
Federal ceilings also are in
effect on about 1.3 million ad-
ditional units in areas designated
as having a critical housing
shortage because of defense in
stallations.
The new law tightens the
definition Of critical areas so as
to exclude an estimated one
half of these units. Only areas
around Government installations
would be counted as critical after
July 31-private industrial areas
would be left out.
Mr.. Halleck said the agree
ment on a July 81 date was a
considerable concession" to the
administration position that
time should be allowed for local
governments to replace Federal
ceilings with local controls if
they wish.
Evening star., 1953-04-23

tressed peoples now constitute
an economic and political
threat of constantly growing
magnitude. They look to ira
ditional American humani-
tartan concern for the op-
pressed. International political
considerations are also factors
which are involved. We should
take reasonable steps to help
these people to the extent that
we share the obligation of the
free world.
Therefore, after considera-
ton of all the points of view
which have been presented, I
recommend, within the frame
work of the immigration laws,
the enactment of emergency
immigration legislation for the
special admission of 10000
immigrants per year for the
next two years.
In order to help resolve this
current immigration and refu-
gee problem in the tradition
of the American policy. I urge
that the Congress give this
recommendation its earliest
consideration.