davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-08-07
Borborism in the Far East
Long Files of Sick and nrm Repotriotes Seen Proof
Of Communists Dup!ieity in Every Neqotiotion

had only 1913 Americans. he
had asked Washington to tell
him what to do and the word
came back to go ahead and ac-
cept that figure. At the same
time, Gen. Clark reveals, there
was information available
pointing to the fact that from
1000 to 5000 more Americans
were being held prisoners. The
decision, he says, was made by
the United States and the U.
N. to accept the 1913 and to
make a protest after the armi-
stice agreement was signed.
No word of this was allowed
to leak out at the time to the
American people or to the
peoples of allied countries.
Misleading of public opinion is
not infrequent even in the
free world" So anxious was
the U. N. apparently to get an
armiStice at any cost that the
policy adopted was to take
whatever the Communists Of
fered and hope for the best
afterward.
This means, unfortunately.
that, if the Communists still
hold 1000 to 5000 Americans
as prisoners, they have played
one of the cruelest jokes that a
gangster regime in its most
f1endish moments could devise.
For it suggests that the 1000
to 5000 now will be held for
ransom and. unless peace
terms acceptable to the Com
muniSts are granted, the pris-
oners will never be returned to
their homes.
This kind of leverage is un-
derstandable among orientals.
The truce" technique is an
old one in China. and the
American Government should
have known by reason of what
has happened in China's civil
war that a truce" is merely a
device to gain further objec-
tlveS.
Now the U. N. is faced with
a humiliating defeat at the So
called political conference
before it even begins.
The question is asked:
Should hostilities be renewed
when the political conference
failS?"
It isn't at all necessary to
resume hostilitieS. The theory
of an enlarged war is one
Evening star., 1953-08-07
British-Americqn Relations
London Accused of Attempting to Influence Spanish
Against Granting of Air Bases for Use by u S.

the Spaniards and their OBJ
, JectionS to Britain occupying
Gibraltar, the pro-British press
warned that the granting of
bases to America would mean
that the people of Spain in
stead of having to worry over
one Gibraltar would have at
least six in the very heart of
the country.
At the same time strongly
Catholic Spain was warned
that American Protestant mis-
sionarieS would follow in the
wake of American military
men, engineers and millions
of dollars to spread Protestant
ism throughout the country.
The American millions and
political influence would make
the task easier, the public was
warned.
When the rumors were
spread that missionaries might
follow the American flag into
Spain. the powerful clergy
caused serious opposition. The
signing of the agreement was
temporarily delayed.
While the British govern
ment cannot be connected with
this propaganda, British SYM
pathizers in Madrid took it
upon themselves to create this
feeling. which threatened at
one time the successful con-
clusion of our negotiations
with the Madrid government.
This was an only slightly
annoying incident of which
nobody took official cogni-
zance. What is far more serious
is the fear that prevails in off,
cial quarters in Washington
that we may not be able to Of
fer a common front to the
Communists in Moscow and
Peiping, unless the United
States Government decides to
revise its policies to dovetail
them with those of Great Brit
ain and her close Western Eu-
ropean followers.
We are more anxious than
our allies to end the present
world tension. Our financial
structure is shaken and in Ko-
rea alone we suffered 100000
casualties. But we firmly be-
Evening star., 1953-08-07
Doris FIeeson-
Dons FIeeson-
Kefouver Finds Campaign Issue
EsenhoWer's Reference to IVA as Creeping Socialism
Gives the Senator Something to Talk About Next Year

President Eisenhower is not
popular with all Democrats,
but Senator Kefauver of Ten
nessee finds it hard to be mad
at him.
Until the President referred
to the Tennessee Valley Au-
thority as creeping social
ISM" Senator Kefauver had
been wondering just how to
dramatic his fight for re-
election next year.
His opposition promised to
be formidable both for nomi-
nation and election; no special
issue for Tennessee had taken
form and all that glorious
anti-crime publicity was re-
ceding even further into the
distance. He frankly did not
know how to get of the
ground.
Came the day so lucky for
him when a casual press-con-
ference question led the PreSi-
dent into one Of his efforts to
define his middle-of-the-road
political philosophy. Reaching
out for an example, Gen.
Eisenhower hit upon iva
and the Senator was of to
the races.
Throughout his 10 years in
the House and his five of Sen
ate service. Kefauver has been
so closely identified with IVA
that anything affecting it af-
Evening star., 1953-08-07

ton-led by Senator John w.
Bricker-to permit an election
this year to fill Senator Taft'S
seat.
Await Lausche Action.
Under the law which they de-
cided to let stand. Democratic
Gov. Frank j. LauSche will ap-
point a successor to serve until
the 1854 general election. A new
Senator will be elected at that
time to serve the last two years
of Senator Taft's term.
In Washington, influential
Ohio Republicans said they did
not know whether Gov. Lausche
might appoint one of their party
to the Senate.
The Governor has refused to
comment on published report
that Republican DR.. Arthur
Flemming, defense mobilizer on
leave as president of Ohio Wes-
leyan University, would be named
to fill the Senate vacancy.
Flew With President.
There was speculation over
whether the Governor and the
President discussed the situa-
ton on their air trip to the
Governors Conference in Seat
Evening star., 1953-08-07

mary opponents-Gov. Glenn
ent, Representative Pat Sut-
ton and former Gov. Cooper.
Of course, Boss Crump he
has always against him. Re-
publicans were also said, prior
to the iva dust-up, to be con-
f1dent they could give the
Democratic nominee trouble.
This is now considered less
likely.
During the congressional
session just ended. little was
heard from the tall Tennessee
an who only last year had been
a serious contender for the
Democratic presidential NOM
ination. Investigations still
dominated the congressional
scenes but they were in other
hands.
Senator Kefauver is, how
ever, a member of a new
Judiciary subcommittee which
will investigate the important
and growing problem of
juvenile delinquency. This sub
committee, of which Senator
Hendrickson is chairman, is
unusual in that it has two
Democratic members to match
two Republicans, the others
being Senators LANCER and
HenningS.
Hearings will start this fall
and may be held in the prin-
cipal cities where the problem
is most acute.
Evening star., 1953-08-07

honor enough and is going to
be tough assignment enough
and Senator Taft tagged him
for that. The 45-year-old Sen
ate party leader got a sample
workout at the tailend of
the last session, a freshman
hazing: but he will have to
Jump clear into the senior
class in the next session be-
cause of the heavy and diverse
legislative program showed
over to that session with con-
troverSial potentials that could
divide his party two and three
ways.
In the job ahead for the
party in the Senate there are
certain advantages in the
Nixon-Knowland team if the
two young men, the one who
is Vice President and the one
who might have been Presi-
dent, are able to cooperate.
There has been a certain RI
valry between the two ambi-
tiouS young men from the same
State which naturally involves
political control of that State.
But, If so minded, they might
do much together for the party
in the Senate because of GER
tain circumstances within the
party there.
Among other things, Senator
knowland inherited a trouble
some legacy from Senator
Taft-meaning Senator Joe
Mccarthy. 1t can properly be
called a Taft legacy, too. For
it was the late Ohio Senator
who, many months ago, gave a
nod of encouragement to Joe
Mccarthy at a time when, in
stead, he might have checked
the Wisconsin legislator. BY
the opening of the Eisenhower
administration, Senator Nc
Carthy had blown himself up
into something which no
longer was easy to def1ate and
Evening star., 1953-08-07
Constantine Brown

A number of top policy
makers in Washington regard
the improvement of American
British relations as a far more
important goal than anything
else in our foreign relations.
The public in this country,
concerned over the many
dramatic and international
problems which get top billing
in the press and radio, is only
vaguely aware of the deterio-
ration of this relationship, over
the last two years, since the
British public and many polit-
1cal leaders in both parties be-
gan to reconsider Britain's
position in the world.
Outwardly. it appears that
there are only some inevita-
BILE differences in the overall
approach to the tense inter-
national situation. In fact,
however, Britain, followed by
the Western European allies,
mas an entirely different con-
cept from ours regarding the
U.S.S.R., the satellites and Red
China.
The result of this difference
is that the much-vaunted
allied unity is more on paper
than in fact.
One of the illustrations of
difficulties between Washing
ton and London can be found
in the little-publicized at
tempts to create in Spain an
atmosphere unfavorable to the
agreement for American air
and naval bases in that coun-
try.
A number of Spanish papers
were won to a campaign
against granting those bases,
which we considered as i'm
portant to us as to our allies
in the effort to resist a possible
Russian drive toward the west.
Frances control of the press
extends principally to prevent
ing it from attacking his ad-
ministration violently, hence
the attacks against Americas
aims were not barred by the
cenSorS.
Taking advantage Of the
strong nationalist feelings Of
Evening star., 1953-08-07

fects him. Tennessee reacted
with fear and INDICATION to the
Eisenhower description, pro-
IVA rallies sprang up all over
the place and the well-trained
Kefauver larynx reSounded the
length and breadth of the
State.
The Valley is reported the
more outraged because it was
taken by surprise, the Presi-
dent having spoken we'll of
IVA during his campaign. In
any case. the Presidents COM
ment has put the power issue
to the fore and shattered any
complacency about the future.
The fact that Congress
eliminated one new IVA steam
plant this year is also grist for
the Kefauver campaign. This
he describes as only the begin
ming Of the private power drive
against the great public dams.
1t would appear almost cer-
tain that while they can still
be sure Of working with a Re-
publican Congress, the private
power interests will step up
their pressure against Govern
ment action in that field. The
issue is therefore bound to be
sharpened next year before the
voters get chance to express
their second thoughts about
Republican administration.
Senator Kefauver is being
threatened with several pri-
Evening star., 1953-08-07
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

Gen Mark Clark he'll retire from the Army in the fall
Things different in the mighty
who retire
The Justice Department seeks to deport Adons
Coast gambling king The realizes
suspicious gambling they yielded the temptation
to take a chance at the last election
France is tied by telephone telegraph
be days before the the
who'll succeed the next Premier.
Two New York businessmen deny they split taxcase fee
with bgWg Democratic lawyer Under the political
Washington the only thing willing
the blame.
Secretary of State Dulles and Syngman Rhee agree
American-Korean mutual security the Reds attack
Korea Dulles we'll fight. the Reds attack America
Rhee agrees we'll fight
The Reds tell that the United giving
them poisoned food Stain lies peace
Evening star., 1953-08-07
Ohio 6. 0. P. Drops
Plan 10 Alter Law
To Fill Taft Vacancy
BY the Associoted Press

COLUMBUS, Ohio, Aug. T.
Ohio Republicans yesterday de-
cided to pass up any attempt to
change Ohio's election laws to
permit a quick special election
for naming a successor to the
late Senator Robert A. Taft.
The announcement was made
by Senate Majority Leader c.
Stanley Mechem in a press con-
ference. The announcement fol-
lowed the luncheon meeting of
Mr.. Mechem, House Speaker
William Saxbe, State Republi-
can Chairman Ray c. Bliss and
John Skipton, head of the Leg
islative Service Bureau.
Mr.. Mechem said final de-
ciSion to let the present law
stand was reached at the lunch
con. 1t rejects an attempt by
Ohio Republicans in Washing
Evening star., 1953-08-07

Of the invalid assumptions
usually attributed to any one
who ventures to suggest that
the "cold war" can be won in
other ways. 1t could have
been won and can be won pro-
vided the allies are faithful to
each other and provided the
U.N. is realistic about the diff
ference between fidelity and
treason among its members.
For an embargo on all trade
with the Red Chinese and
upon their ally-the Soviet
Union would be pressure
enough to force a complete
change in the viewpoint of the
Communists. Such pressure
can be supplemented by a
blockade by the navies of the
U. NJ, but so long as Britain's
commercial interests, which ap-
parently control both major
parties in England, can insist
on trading with the enemy and
on the admission of Red China
to the Security Council of the
U. NJ, barbariSm will have the
upper hand in the Communist
Far East.
The major powers unques-
tionably have lost face in
Asia by their policies of
timidity and appeasement. Any
policy they adopt now is bound
to be doubly difficult. For it is
known everywhere that the at
titude of submiSsiveness by the
U.N. arose despite the knowl-
edge it's member governments
must have had all along about
the treatment of prisoners.
The tales of horror which
are being brought back by re-
turned prisoners indicate that,
while the enemy may still hold
1000 to 5000 Americans who
are presumably alive, the other
5000 or more making up the
total of 8,705 officially listed
as missing in action were prob
ably murdered. Already re-
turning prisoners tell of mass
graves where their comrades
were buried after unspeakable
torture and cruelty. That's
the responsibility of the two
Communist forces whose COM
manderS put their signatures
just a few days ago on the
armistice agreement-a scrap
of paper that now can be ex-
pected to be preached in other
respects as time goes on.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1953-08-07

now Is among the problems
which Senator Knowland be-
comes heir to.
Senator Mccarthy, it may
be recalled, was among the
seven extreme right wing Re-
publican Senators who sought
to block the selection of
Senator Knowland by seeking
delay in election of a leader
until Congress reconvenes.
That strategy failed, but it
was a warning.
In the Mccarthy problem it
is thought that Vice President
Nixon could be helpful. In re-
cent weeks, as a matter of
fact, the Vice President has
acted as both a liaison and a
buffer between the admins
tration and Senator Mccarthy,
seeking to appeaSe the latter,
particularly in his vigilante
Sortie against the State De-
partment, and to keep as much
peace in the Republican family
as possible.
The Mccarthy problem ram
ifies now. too, into another
area where it may cause
trouble for the Republican
leadership. This is among
Democrats who, during the
past session, provided votes on
vital issues that saved the
Eisenhower administration, eS-
pecially on foreign policy.
Senator Mccarthy has antag-
onized Southern Democrats,
powerful in party affairs in the
Senate. If he and his cronieS
begin to throw their weight
around in Republican policy
making, which on foreign
policy certainly would be con-
trary to Democratic views,
then there will be big cracks
in the coalition on foreign
policy created in the last
Evening star., 1953-08-07
David LoWrence-

The armistice signed in Ko-
rea isn't worth the paper it is
written on.
Concrete evidence of the
faithleSSness of the barbarian
Communists who put their sig
natures on the document now
has become known to the
world.
For, on April IL, 1858. the
Communist command in Korea
pledged itself in writing as fol-
lows:
THE Korean peoples army
and the Chinese peoples vol
unteerS shall deliver sick and
injured captured personnel at
the rate Of approximately 100
a day until delivery of all sick
and injured captured person.
mel to be repatriated by the
Korean peoples army and the
Chinese peoples volunteers is
completed.
The number OF persons &C
tually delivered each day shall
be contingent upon the abil--
ity Of the United Nations COM
mand to receive them, but de-
livery shall in any case be
completed prior to the termi-
nation date of this agreement"
Another provision stipulated
that the agreement was "ef-
fective when signed and will
terminate 20 days after the
commencement of repatriation
OF sick and injured captured
at Panmunjom."
The repatriation began on
April II and the 20 days were
up on May 7. Yet on Tuesday
of this week there began an
exchange of supposedly healthy
prisoners, and the dispatches
from Korea tell of the delivery
of Americans and South Ko-
reans to our lines in such bad
physical condition that their
illnesses and their wounds and
their weakened bodies plainly
could not all have developed
since May 7, 1858.
The whole world knows now
that the United Nations has
been tricked and deceived with
respect to the delivery of sick
and wounded prisoners.
But what is more significant
is that Gen. Mark Clark, Far
Eastern commander, has dis
closed through a press confer
ence in Washington that, when
the Communists declared they
Evening star., 1953-08-07

lieve that unless the men in
the Kremlin present us with
positive proof that they want
peace in Europe and in Asia
we cannot adopt policy Of
chasing the will o. the wiSp.
Our Western European allies.
following the cue from Lon
don. are interested these days
only in the possibility Of re-
Suming large-scale trade reia-
tions with the Communist
world. Having contributed
only lightly to the Korean
campaign, they cannot be as
indignant as we are today
when we discover at the priS-
oner exchange which is now
taking place how shamelesSly
the Reds have been lying to us.
The few French and British
prisoners received repeatedly
preferential treatment in the
Red stockades. Our own men,
those the Reds did not murder
in cold blood, suffered a fate
no better than at the hands of
the japanese during the last
war. German and Japanese
generals were hanged for such
crimes,
The attitude of our allies is:
Let's get it over; it is imma-
terial how deceiving the Reds
are. 1t doesn't matter anyhow,
so long as we can trade with
them.
Our position is entirely dif-
ferent. We want to establish a
situation which may bring
peace for at least several dec
AIDES. The Communists have
told US as plainly as Hitler
what their aim iS-and we are
their principal target.
We are making every con-
ceivable effort to convince our
associates, and particularly
Britain. that false peace may
prove worse thar an actual
war. And in order to avoid
both, it is essential that the
Western nations not be di-
vided. Our European allies
agree as to the common front,
but they want their own way
-appeasement of the Commu-
nists in Moscow and Peiping.
Evening star., 1953-08-07
Church at Sunderland
To Hold Homecoming

SUNDERLAND, Md, Aug. T.
Parishioners of historic All Saint
Episcopal Church here will well
come old and new friends at a
homecoming supper and bazaar
on the church grounds at 3 pm.
tomorrow.
Proceeds will be used to help
complete restoration of the CO.
lonial edif1ce, once the only
house of worship in Northern
Calvert County.
Evening star., 1953-08-07
Governors Adjourn;
Closer j. S.-State
Teamwork Predicted
BY the Associated Press

SEATTLE, Aug. THE Ma
tional Governors Conference
came to a close amidst talk of
a bright new era of Federal
State teamwork and action in
defense of the United States.
Overwhelming defeat of what
Gov. Thomas E. Dewey of New
York criticized as an anti-U. N.
resolution marked the only
f1are-up of the State executives
annual get-together. The five
day meeting ended yesterday.
Gov. Dan Thornton, Colorado
Republican and a staunch sup
porter of President Eisenhower,
was elected conference chair
man. He succeeds Gov. Allan
Shivers, Texas Democrat.
Informal discussion placed
New Orleans as the best bet for
landing the 1854 conference.
Pyle Predicts Cooperation.
A statement by Gov. Howard
Pyle, Arizona Republican, point
ing to a growing spirit Of CO.
operation between State and
Federal governments typif1ed
general optimism for improved
relations.
Gen. Eisenhower flew here
Monday to repeat his offer to
try and relieve sources of irrita-
ton between the State and
Washington.
Gov. Thornton said that so
far as he is concerned the gov
ernorS will offer wholehearted
support to the President in
carrying out his program.
The governors went behind
closed doors to reject two resolu-
tions by Gov. j. Bracken Lee,
Utah Republican, questioning
the scope of American participa-
ton in the United Nations.
Gov. Lee, a critic of the ad-
ministration on both foreign and
domestic policies, said he alone
voted for the resolutions. Most
of the ~ State and three terri
torial governors at this 45th an
nual conference sat in on the
repeatedly sharp debate.
Dewey Praises Foreign Policies.
Praise for Gen. Eisenhower's
foreign policies was voiced ear
lier by Gov. Dewey at a news
conference. He also said the
Soviet army leaders who don't
want war may have become the
real rulers of Russia.
The governors conference, for
the first time in years, came
away without adopting resolu-
tions urging Statehood for
Alaska or Hawaii. The Repub-
lican administration opposes i'm
mediate Statehood for Alaska,
which generally votes Demo-
cratic, and Democratic members
Evening star., 1953-08-07
Thonos L. Stokes
Thon1os L. Stokes
Political Power Goes West
IWo CoIornions Now Hold Top Capitol Hill Positions;
Mccarthy Seen Problem for Knowond and Nixon

Election of Senator Know
land Of California as Repub-
ican leader of the Senate en-
phasizes a matter Of geography
in politics which has its sig
nif1cance. So let's lay a map
alongside the Senate table of
organization and take q look.
We discover that a Cali
fornian presides over the Sen
ate because he is Vice Presi-
dent. That is Richard M.
Nixon. And, from the floor
and back room-a Californian
calls the signals for his party.
That would be Bill" Know
land.
This suddenly dramatizes for
us. If perchance we had for
gotten, the great Importance
of California, that rapidly
growing empire, in our ma
tional politics. Now second to
New York in population, it is
tied for second with Pennsyl-
vania in seats in Congress.
electoral votes and delegate
strength at national conven-
tions that nominate candidates
for President and Vice PreSi-
dent. In fact. the G. o. P.
found it expedient at it's last
two national conventions to
pick a Californian for second
place on the national ticket
Gov. Earl Warren having that
honor in 1948.
There has been much talk
around here since the death
Of Senator Taft of the "if'
and might have been" so
common in politics. It re-
wolves around the possibility
that, had Senator Taft been
nominated for President, an
other Californian would have
been picked. for second place
Senator Knowland. Had the
ticket been elected-look where
Senator Knowland would be
today.
But where he Is surely Is
Evening star., 1953-08-07

of the resolutions committee re-
fused to act on Hawaii only.
Approval was given to these
other resolutions:
l. Asking the Federal Gov
ernment to get out Of the gaso-
line tax field.
2. Advocating legislation to re-
move great inequity" to the
States from the Federal estate
tax.
3. Proposing that full partici-
patton by the States and inter-
state groups be required in the
planning and development of
natural resources projects.
Evening star., 1953-08-07
Singer jane Powell
Is Granted Divorce
By the Associated Press

SANTA MONICA. Calf, Aug.
Singer Jane Powell won a
divorce yesterday from Geary
Steffen, charging he carried his
love for sports too far.
The 24-year-old actress testi-
fled that Mr.. Steffen, %, former
ice skater turned insurance man,
would leave me alone almost
every week end to go water
skiing or play tennis with his
friends" Miss Powell said this
was cruel to her and their two
children.