davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
When the President axes Orders
By DonoId MiehoeI Rouh

He ENORMOUS responsibility Of
i guarding the President Of the
United States, which by law rests
on the Secret Service, was wildly driven
home to millions of Americans who
watched their television sets on inaugu-
ration day.
When the California cowboy threw
his lasso around the new President,
Secret Service men leaped into action.
but were frustrated by Gen. Eisen-
hower's willingness to be roped.
Incidents like this one abound in the
life of President, showing in dramatic
relief the tremendous task of the Secret
Service in seeing to it that no harm
comes to the most important man in the
land.
Whether he likes it or not-and fire.
quently, he doesn't-the President takes
orders from the Secret Service, an Or
ganization that brooks no monkey bust
ness when it concerns the safety Of the
Chief Executive.
The Secret Service has been pro-
tecting American Presidents since the
assassination Of William Mckinley in.
Buffalo in 1901. the third time in 81
States had been murdered. Presidents
Lincoln and Garfield had previously
been shot to death by assassins firing
at point-blank range.
Comparatively, during the 112 years
between the signing of the Constitution
and McKinley's assassination, not one
ruler of England, Germany or Spain
was murdered. France and Italy
escaped with single victim, Russia
with two. The reason was primarily
this: Every European ruler was given
personal protection. American Presi-
dents, on the other hand, moved about
without escort or bodyguard.
A bureau of the Treasury Depart
ment, the Secret Service, was commits
stoned by Congress in 1901 to provide
protection for the President, respon-
Sibility the Secret, Service today con-
SiderS its most important. The curtain
OF security hanging over Gen. EiSen-
howerS headquarters in New York after
he became President had its gen.
esis in 1918, when Congress broadened
the 1901 statute to include Secret Serv-
ice protection for the incoming Presi-
dent, as we'll. In 1851 protection of the
Vice President was authorized by a
permanent law.
In addition to the uniformed White
House police, which guarded President
Truman in the Puerto Rican assassina-
ton plot. the Secret Service provides a
so-called White House Detail, under
the supervision of the Chief of the
Secret Service. which is assigned to
stay with the President and members
of his family at all times and under
all conditions. These agents make
exhaustive studies of assassination,
especially in the United States, since
the death of Lincoln. They get special
training in judo, self-defense, first aid,
fire-f1ghting and particularly in the
use of revolvers, submachine guns, riot
guns and other weapons. They are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

his Christmas roses" as they are
called.
These are, of course, not really roses.
They belong to the hellibore family,
and have surprising way of blossom
ing In the cold.
Jones Christmas roses are not really
pretty.
They are white. or greenish-white,
about as large as teacupS; the amaz-
ing thing is not that they are not
really pretty, but that they bloom at
all. Jones Is thinking Of tranSplanting
them.
WHAT" roars an acquaintance.
Transplant Christmas roses! Why,
you simply can't do it,
Templeton Jones knows you are not
supposed to move Christmas roses.
He read all that III the instructions
that came with his plants, three Of
them from Holland, and three from
New York State. The next time, he
says, he is going to buy them in nearby
Maryland. This Is no reflection on
the plants he, has. He just believes
that homegrown plants are best.
Maybe they win not bloom, if moved,
but who cares? The flowers are no great
matter, ct best.
Back on the north side, by the rhodo-
dendrOns. they may get more pink in.
their cheeks
Jones new 20 the face OF AL instruc-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Tribute to q Lovely City

May a recent inaugural visitor use
the columns of your newspaper to ex-
press her appreciation of the lovely
city which is our Nations Capital?
It may be old hat to Westinghouse,
and many others, but first-time visi-
tor is overwhelmed by the vistas from
the first moment of arriving at the
front door Of your Union Station. Even
in the dead of winter without the green
of your marvellous trees and sweeps of
grass-covered parks and open spaces.
the beauty Of. your-or should say
'our"-city is breath-taking.
saw our city from Fort Dupont to
Friendship Heights, because made a
discovery that a person Of moderate
means could do this through the in
genious weekly pass provided by your
transportation company. This street.
car and bus riding was the more en-
joyable because your Capital Transit
Co. has seen fit to provide commercial
free music programs. In all the hours
I spent on your trolleys and buses there
was never commercial to mar my
pleasure. That's how they do things
in the Nations Capital!
Althea Johnson.
Great Neck, N. j.
Editors Note: There were some
commercials on transit radio while
Mrs. johnson was here. She just
happened to miss them. Capital
Transit says commercials will con-
tinue.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Setback for Reorganization

The Government reorganization program
would be set back 20 years If Congress were to
reSurrect the long-de congressional veto plan
proposed by the Senate and House Committees
on Government Operations. This discredited
plan, under which simple majority of either
house present and voting" could defeat any
presidential reform plan, was tried and found
wanting in 1882 It was discarded in all subse-
quent reorganization programs because it had
proved to be such a serious stumbling block dur
ing President Hoover's administration. That the
threat of such blockade has been raised at the
very outset of President Eisenhower's efforts to
complete the unfinished reorganization job is
surprising and alarming.
It was because of sad personal experience
with the futility of such a procedure that Mr..
Hoover urgently recommended larger powers
of independent action" for the President If any
effective reorganization of the Federal estab-
lishment ever were to be achieved. AS President
he had seen all So of his proposals under the
1882 Economy Act vetoed by hostile House.
The Reorganization Acts of 1899 and 1945 were
drawn up with view to avoiding repetition
of the 1882 spectacle. Those acts required ma
jority diSapproval by both houses Of Congress
before a presidential plan could be defeated.
Some reorganization progress resulted
The Hoover Commission advocated the two
house veto system, but Congress decided on the
one-house procedure, but with the proviso that
q constitutional majority" must be recorded
against a plan within go days to kill it. con-
stitutional majority is a majority of the total
membership of either house, not merely Of those
in the chamber at the time Of action. That was
an improvement over the 1882 arrangement.
Under this veto plan little more than half Of
the Hoover Commissions recommendations have
been enacted into law. Some important reforms
remain to be undertaken, however, not the least
of which is Kidding the Post ONCE Department
of political patronage. This proposal always
evokeS cries of anguish at the Capitol. The
prospect of losing postmastership patronage is
not pleasant to Republican legislators who
believe that victory should bring spoils.
President Eisenhower has special commit
tee at work on other plans for placing the Fed
eral departments on more businesslike basis
of operation. In fact, he was elected on plat
form which promised sweeping changes in the
interest of efficiency and economy. The voters
made it plain that they wanted these changes
made. For Congress to throw unnecessary OBJ
stacles in the way Of the new Presidents reor-
ganization program would be to disregard the
expressed will Of the people.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

further instructed in atomic. biological
and chemical warfare.
One important job Of the Secret
Service is to investigate persons who
threaten the life of the President by
letter. All such communications are
gone over by group of specialists in
what is known as the Protective Re-
search Section. Just as f1ngerprints
can be classified and identified, so can
letters. They are catalogued under
several major classifications and include
extensive alphabetical files, modus
operandi files, files of writing habits
and peculiarities, characteristics in
vocabularies and other features. Al
though each threat is carefully inves-
tigated, care is taken not to infringe
the right Of free expression.
The zeal and extent Of the Secret
Services careful protective activities are
frequently irritating to the President,
but the agents are responsible not to
him but to the Secretary Of the
Treasury.
When the President travels, an
agent goes to the cities to be visited
and joins other agents from the field
Offices. They plan routes Of travel and
temporary residences with local police
and other authorities.
Agents get photos of all dangerous
persons in each city beforehand so
they can learn to spot these faces in
crowds. The hotel where the President
will stay is inspected with fine-tooth
comb, and all employees undergo Secret
Service investigation.
When the President travels by train,
agents map the route with railroad
officials and inspect the right-of-Way,
including all switches, underpasses and
bridges. Once in while pilot engine
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
The Tox-Reduction Dilemma

Chairman Reed Of the House Ways and
Means Committee is setting up an embarrassing
dilemma for the Eisenhower administration and
the Republican congressional leadership in
insisting upon speedy action on a reduction of
individual income tax rates.
The New York Republican, whose committee
rank places him in a strategic position to
initiate and press for passage of revenue legis-
lation, is proposing that the reduction already
specified for the end of this calendar year
should become effective instead on June 80. It
is on this date that the controversial corporate
excess profits tax is due to expire and Mr..
Reed undoubtedly feels that corporate tax
relief should be accompanied by individual tax
relief. There is an obvious logic in Mr.. Reeds
feelings in this respect but there are other
important factors bearing upon his determine
ton that the action should be taken quickly
within the coming month.
The Eisenhower administration is now
engaged in reviewing 1854 budget submitted
by former President Truman, calling for ex-
penditures of $78.6 billion. Allowing for the
automatic lapse of the excess profits tax on
June 80 and reduction of the individual income
tax rates on December 81, Mr.. Truman eSti-
mated revenues for the next fiscal year at $687
billion-leaving deficit Of 500 billion Presi-
dent Eisenhower, his fiscal advisers and Repub-
ncan leaders of Congress are determined to
trim the estimated budget expenditures, and
the target most often mentioned is reduction
of approximately $40 billion calculated to bring
the budget into balance. There is reason to
believe this can be accomplished and their
preference is to get the job well under way
before making further decisions on tax cuts
Their approach to this problem-to review
the budget first and the tax structure seconds
a logical one. It gains added logic from the
circumstance that nothing, other than possible
political capital, can be gained by forcing
through tax reductions in advance of the budget
review. For even Mr. Reed is not proposing
that his tax reductions should become effective
before June 80 and the overhauling of the
budget requests and the subsequent appropria
ton legislation can be dealt with reSponSibly
and thoughtfully before that date
It is a fact, also, that the next four or
i've months may provide additional guides for
appropriation needS-the course of the war in
Korea and the cold-war situation in Europe
and the Middle East, for examples well as
a better basis for estimating revenue returns
through business trends, levels of employment
and so forth. And as a final practical question
there is too, fully reasonable doubt that the
Senate would join the House in any such
precipitate action as Mr.. Reed is advocating.
All in ALL the New Yorker would be well
advised to consider most carefully the more
cautious approach of his own party leaders.
He would lose nothing by such reconsideration,
nor would the individual taxpayer necessarily
be left under any heavier burden.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Rides RoudbuiIders

Nl0eS N0o0DuIIQeIS
read with much interest The Stars
comments on the absence of access
roads to the new George Washington
Memorial Parkway at Rosslyn Circle.
Your editorial neglected, however, a
few pertinent observations including
the Identification of the agency re-
sponsible for this and many other
design monstrosities on Federal high
ways, especially in the Washington
metropolitan area.
Another blunder even more distress
ing, particularly after one reads Of
fatal head-on collision, is the Mount
Vernon boulevard. The same Federal
agency would imagine is responsible
for this disgrace to the American
engineering profession. This highway,
which could have been an example Of
the finest and safest engineering de-
sign in the world, was Anticipated before
it was completed, which happened to
be around the same time when Hitler
was building his splendid autobanS
with all Of the most advanced features
of highway design and construction.
including the division of opposing lanes
of traffic by center strip of land.
The Pentagon network is spiders
web for any visitor to Washington and
for others who travel it infreQuently.
One of my brothers visited Washington
few years ago at the height of a
hail storm and spent almost two hours
trying to get out of this vexatious
system. Aside from basic design and
construction shortcomings, why does
not the responsible agency erect ade-
quate markers and directional signs
and place them properly so that one
may know where he should turn of
before he gets to the point and finds it
impossible because Of heavy traffic con-
ditions?
With the Eisenhower administration
I hope we get change in the Bureau
of Public Roads. This agency, in my
opinion. is begged down with red tape,
bureaucracy and fuzzy thinking, over
stating and Rip Van Wrinkle philoSo-
ply. It's been asleep for more than 20
years. No wonder we have the serious
problem today of inadequate highways
and traffic congestion. It's time for q
change and some advanced. progress
sive leadership in highway policy at
the Federal level.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Beautiful Things From India

The exhibition Of contemporary arts and
crafts Of India now on display at the National
Museum is feast Of graphic beauty Gathered
and arranged for the government of India by
the AL India Association Of Fine Arts at Bonn
bay and the Academy Of Fine Arts at Calcutta,
it represents all schools, all approaches, tech
niques and routines of artistic expression not
excluding music and literature. Some modern
istic experiments admittedly will be attractive
only to visitors conditioned to the socalled "ab-
stract' revolt against nature. But these are few.
The great majority Of the several hundred
works shown are realistic enough to appeal to
everybody.
What is made clear is the fact that modern
India Is rich in creative power. Tradition dating
back perhaps four or FIVE thousand years still
has influence upon these makers of beautiful
things They have not sought to run away from
the past. Even the radical minority reflects
historic conceptions and manners. This Is good
Lii only because it saves the reyolutionaries
from becoming mere shadows Of experimental
lists in Europe. Those SculptorS who initiate
Rodin and Epstein compromise their own ma
tionality by so doing. The painters who are regi-
mented to Matisse or Picasso surrender their
Indian individuality at least in some degree.
Much more successful-and free-are the artists
who primarily are Indians.
But the native naturalness Of these workers
is not narrowly parochial or partisan. They are
as much citizens Of the world at large as any
other national group engaged in creative enter
prise. Thus they are at their best when they
portray universal values. The bronze statue Of
Mahatma Gandhi by Hironmoy Roy Chowdhury
is as much at home in washington as it would
be in Wardha.
Many Of the names appearing in the exhibi-
ton catalog will seem strange at first glance to
most readers, but they soon are familiar. Rabin-
dranath Tagore and his nephews, poets and
musicians as well as painters. are 'of the
company"
The Indian government offers the display as
sign Of neighborliness and good viii, and Amer
leans attending the show manifest the same
qualities by their enthusiastic responsiveness.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
PostinuueuruI Reflections

couple Of personal postinaugural
reflections on the ceremonies of the
day:
If all those countless thousands of
boys marching like automatons from
noon until after dark to the endless
beat of military bands, and if all the
pageantry and display of panoply of
our armed might, spells the much
Wanted democratic simplicity of our
''peace-loving" Ameriman way of life,
just what would constitute pomp and
circumstance?
And although the parade was pre-
dominantly military, with all branches
Of the armed services more than ade-
quately represented, ] could not fail
to notice one curious omission. In
the Korean war veterans section saw
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

is sent in front of the presidential
train to make certain the tracks are
clear. When travel is by automobile,
agents ride in the Presidents auto
mobile and in cars close by.
When the President is at the White
House, food goes to the Department
of Agriculture for testing against
poisoning. Groceries are never ordered
by phone and only a few known mer-
chants supply the White House.
President Theodore Roosevelt was
one of the most difficult White House
occupants to guard. Much like Presi-
dent Truman, he used to love to get up
early in the morning and go for 15-mile
tramps through Rock Greek Park.
President Franklin D. Roosevelt's
biggest fear was not assassination but
fire, being unable to walk. Under the
circumstances, the White House was
an enormous firetrap. To combat the
potential danger to President RooSe-'
welt, special canvas fire chutes were
constructed. Agents were also in
structed that in the event of a fire,
they were to proceed to the Presidents
room. enter without knocking and
carry him down to safety.
Once, postal clerk in New York
picked package addressed to the
White House from the mail chute, put
it to his ear and heard suspicious
ticking sound from inside. He quickly
called a bomb squad, who soaked the
package in oil. Opening it. they found
a deadly time bomb. The mail clerk
was congratulated for probably having
saved the life of President Roosevelt.
But few days later the clerk was
arrested and sent to Bellevue Hospital.
It was he who had sent the bomb.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

PlLc1o WOU1Q have UCC11 awe W AAUoOC4
up material for same.
Theresa H. Russell.
Honesty in Government
Your editorial, 1.-THE Mountain La
bors," speaks common sense. Who is
honest? Can we capture and conf1ne
honesty within legislative barriers? Is
an honest man the product of mathe-
NAUTICAL formula or an image in another
mans mind? It is neither, and only God
can pass final judgment as to mans
honesty.
An honest man in Government service
would lean over backwards to avoid
favoring his former corporation against
the Governments interests.
Should Senators and Congressman
sell their holdings Of securities in cor
porations whose lobbyists and pressure
groups seek legislative enactments IA
vorable to these corporations?
We have selected our leaders because
we think they are able and honest. Let
them decide who is honest and accept
the consequences if their Judgment errs.
Perhaps we have little hangover of
timidity because of mink coats and five
percenters; but history indicates that
we are out of that dark woodland for
at least 20 years.
p. p. Bishop.
It is quite proper that citizen ac-
cepting public Office may be required to
divest himself of interests the ownership
of which might possibly influence a
decision to be made in the course of
public business.
It is quite another thing, however. to
force upon such citizen tax burden.
A tax burden should await voluntary
sale and not fall upon an involuntary
one.
The Internal Revenue Code should be
amended to provide that in the event
that citizen is compelled to sell prop
erty in order to qualify for public Office,
he may lawfully avoid gain or loss
taA consequence, provided he reinvests
the proceeds, reports the details of the
transaction to the Commissioner of In
terr1al Revenue, and carries the new
investment for tax purposes at the cost
basis of the property which he sold.
Murray T. Quigg.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Questions and Answers

The Stars readers can get the answer 70
any question Of fact by either writing The
street NV. washington 8. D. c., and inclosing
3 cents return postage. or By telephoning
Sterling 3-7363
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

@. Where are motion pictures chiefly
made in India?-H. Nice.
A. midas equivalent Of Hollywood
is scattered over three large cities
Calcutta, Bombay and Madras--with
most studios in Bombay.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

@. How many kinds Of stains are
recognized by spoilers in dry-cleaning
craftsmanship. I. B.
A. There are said to be over 1000
kinds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29
Letters to The Star

no ambulance or stretcher units, though
I feel sure Walter Reed and other hos
pitfalls would have been able to muster
up material for same.
Theresa H. Russell.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-01-29

Peu-nan1es may be used If letters carry
writerS' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1953-05-21

from Toledo will journey to New
York next week and be married on
the TV program Bride and Groom,
Monday May 25.
Mr.. and Mrs. Alvin Whistler and
Mrs. Lou Amstutz attended Bacca-
laureate services in Bluffton Sun
day evening. A niece of the Whislers,
Elise Chamberlain is one of the
graduates.
Mrs. Philip Rover, a former resi-
dent of this community now of Co
lumbus Grove, has been numbered
with the sick for a couple of weeks
Mrs. Lou Clevenger and Miss
Rebecca Marshall teachers in the
schools of Elkhart, Ind. spent the
week end with the latter's parents
Mr. .and Mrs Harold Marshall.
The Friendly Neighbors club will
meet in the home of Mrs. Erma
Arnold Thursday afternoon of next
week. The program includes Song
Business, Roll Gala Favoritt
Dairy Product. Topic-"Creamless
Icecream", Mrs. Osa Ream, Topic.
"Sec'y of Agriculture" Ezra Taft
Benson-Mrs. Mary Wright, Con.
test-Mrs. Faye Reigle.
Among those from this community
who attended the alumni reunion in
Beaverdam last Saturday evening
were: Mr.. and Mrs. Ralph Mar,
shall, Mr.. and Mrs. E1vet Foulkes
Mr.. and Mrs. John Marshall, Miss