davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-07-22

Feast your eyes Meman tables and you'll acclaim
them gm Why prced Because planned months in
bought the extra
special Behold graceful Sheraton and Duncan Phyfe lines Mers
handubed finishing good design
All have mahogany mahogany with hardwood bases
beautiful marqueterie inlay. buy pairs
for the Costume ewelry" of your home
Washington PARKngon Floor Spring
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-10-13
RECORD TOY SALES

The American toy industry en-
joyed record sales in 1852, top
ping 1851 by 1875 per cent in re-
tail value, the Yearbook for 1853
of The American Peoples Ency-
clopedia reports. This increase
was registered in the face Of low
er prices which we're generally
down per cent from 1851.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-10-13

ADRIENNE FACE POWDER ........... REG s5e for 86,
lAS0L HAND LOTION smoothing fragrant REG 1916 for 80
BAY RUM pint ...................R REG $50 z for so,
LAVENDER AFTER SHAVE LOTION REG CSC for 86
DAINTY DE0D0RANT CREAM ia REG 4st for So
BOBBY PINS cards Of bbepped regular REG Zoe for H.
kYl0N HAIR NETS Goodom French Reg REG Zoe for II
LINEN INK TABLETS Elite plain and ruled REG 25e for 26
LINEN ENVELOPES Elite pkg Of REG 25t z for 26
TINY TOT CLUSTER POPS pops 70 cluster REG 1oe for liz
TOOTH BRUSHES Menzo nyon styles REG 3st for 40
BABY BOTTLE BRUSH nylon .... REG use 2 for rs,
EXTENSION CORD # long brown . REG. 5se z for So
SHOE LAcES black brown white .... REG 81 z for 81
QUILTED PLASTIC ScUFFs ladies' styles REG 4se z for 50
YORK PLASTIC BILlF0lDS mems and ladies' REG for TO
PERMEDGE BLADES Double Single edge S. REG 1s for 49,
ROGERS TOBACCO POUCH plastic lodup style REG SOC for ST.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1953-10-13
HOURLY EARNINGS UP

The average hourly earnings of
factory workers increased from
$l.64 In December, 1851 to $l.73
in December. 1852. gain of SIS
per cent. the American Peoples
Encyclopedia repodts.
Evening star., 1953-12-13

scientists, unanimously opposed the
development Of q hydrogen bomb.
In face Of this opposition, Mr..
Strauss pronounced Straws) be-
came an even more vigorous advo-
cate.
Across the river in the Pentagon,
a different situation was shaping up.
Mr.. LIE Baron, who had just been ap-
pointed by Mr.. Truman as chair
man of the Military Laison Com
mittee, stepped into the debate. AL
though top-drawer research chem
1st himself, he could not go along
with his fellow scientists, who op-
posed the H-bomb, apparently more
on ethical than scientific grounds.
Some scientists did voice doubts,
however, that thermonuclear weap-
ons could be built.
Mr.. LIE Baron strongly recon-
mended the project to Defense Sec
retary Louis johnson and urged
him to lend the great weight of his
Office to its promotion. Mr.. John
son agreed and called on President
Truman to tell him so. Gen. Omar
Bradley joined the more or less
solid Pentagon front. When the
late Senator Mcmahon, chairman
of the Joint Congressional Commit
tee on Atomic Energy. also took up
the fight, Mr.. Truman was sold.
On January 81, 1850. the President
ordered an about effort to produce
Evening star., 1953-12-13
LeBnon Team Shapes Bulk of Americas Atomic Energy Policies

and named him Acc chairman on
June "a
Beginning with his work as secre-
tary to Herbert Hoover in relief
operations in Europe, 1917-1919, the
57-year-old Mr.. Strauss has devoted
many years to public service. A rear
admiral in the Naval Reserve, he
served under Mr.. Forrestal when the
latter was Secretary of the Navy.
He urged formation of the Office of
Naval Research, developed the Army
World War II and served as Navy
member on the Interdepartmental
Committee on Atomic Energy. He
holds the Distinguished Service
Medal and the Legion of Merit with
Gold Star Navy and Oak Leaf
Cluster (Army).
Before and after World War II,
the Acc chief held important posts
in the financial world. He was long
associated with Kuhn, Loeb & Co.
in New York City and, after leaving
the Acc in 1850, became consultant
and financial adviser to the Rookie
fellers.
The early instance of these men
seeing eye-to-eye on a big issue
(H-bomb development) has been re-
peated many times. Both realize
that today military needs in atomic
energy are paramount. but both are
particularly anxious that an indus
trial power reactor be built so that
the United States can demonstrate
to the world its great interest in the
peaceful uses of the atom.
Less Secrecy Fovored
Both look forward, too, to the day
when private industry can assume
larger role in the field of atomic
energy. Both have declared that
more information should be given
the public and our allies on atomic
matters. within the framework Of an
enlightened security system. Along
this latter line, Mr.. Strauss said:
what needs to be done, it seems
to me, is to remove those walls and
compartments which are no longer
performing any useful function but
which hinder our own people in free
communication. while at the same
time very greatly intensifying our
security in the highly sensitive areas
and in guarding our new discoveries
with the heightened care that we
have learned or should have learned
from sad experience"
Evening star., 1953-12-13

the most frightening weapon in
history.
MIR. LIE Baron is not nearly as well
known to the public as Mr.. Strauss.
nor is his Importance in the Nations
atomic energy picture generally ap-
preciated. Some observers have
dubbed him "the mystery man of
the Pentagon."
AS chairman OF the Military Liai-
son Committee since October 1949,
Mr.. LIE Baron has constantly reviewed
all this country's atomic energy ac-
tivities to assess their military value.
In addition, he is directed, under
the Atomic Energy Act, to report to
the President. through the Secretary
of Defense, on any phases Of the
commissions work which do not
meet military needs.
While wearing his other hat
as Assistant to Secretary Wilson
since April 13, 1953-he is respon-
sible for all atomic energy matters
involving the Defense Department.
This includes the establishment and
review of policy, plans and pro-
grams.
Unique Position
It is clear that these assignments
put Mr.. lie Baron in unique posi-
ton, knowing all Acc activities and
all defense activities which involve
military applications of atomic
energy.
What kind Of q man is it that
holds such a key position in Gov
ernment?
A multi talented man, the 62-
year-old Binghamton, N. r, native
is a former track star who once
held the national 1,500-meter rec
ord and won q berth on the 1912
Olympic team. He studied under
Charles Steinmetz at Union College
and with Mime. Curie at the Sor-
bonnie. He was professor of chem
istry at Princeton. One of his stu
dents was the late James ForreStal,
the first Secretary Of Defense, who
was q close friend Of both Mr.. lie
Baron and Mr.. Strauss.
Mr.. lie Baron is an accomplished
pianist. He left the world Of science
and business In the 1930s to devote
six years to musical composition.
One Of his works-"When You Go
Away" with lyrics by his wife
Peggy-was played by the Air Force
Band In Q Watergate concert last
Evening star., 1953-12-13

stored on his farm rather than sell
because the current price of Is cents
pound was not high enough. After
the crops were in, he and his wife
took trip to Europe.
Soil and Toxes
Although Venezuelans rightly re-
gard their land at Turen as eXcep-
tional, Boring's analysis of the stu
alton is better suited for North
American understanding. He says
his 100 acres of Turen land are
worth at least 26O acres of the best
land in the United States because it
will produce two crops year. There
is no limit imposed on the growing
season by frost or drought. And the
rain in the wet seaSon-from Janu-
ary to Mays help rather than a
hindrance.
Because of its acid-alkali neutral
ity (the soil has an ideal PHI factor
of TOD it will produce almost any
kind of crop with a minimum of
treatment. It is rich enough that
fertilizing Is not must; in fact,
crop rotation takes the place of fer
tilizing. Boring's planting program
calls for crop of corn in the dry
season. followed by rice in the wet
season, followed by black beans in
the next dry season. Beans, being
legumes, fix nitrogen into the soil,
enriching the land for the next nom
leguminous crop. Agricultural ex-
perts at Turen, some of them Amer
ican-trained, others schooled in Eu-
rope, say one application of fertilizer
each 20 years will suffice in connec-
ton with a sensible crop-rotation
program.
To tax-ridden Americans, perhaps
the most attractive part of Boring's
deal is that last year, on a net in
come of $4,000, he paid no taxes.
Real estate taxes are not levied on
farms in Venezuela, and so anxious
Is the Caracas government to spur
agriculture that any income derived
from the production of foodstuffs
is given 80 per cent exemption.
Evening star., 1953-12-13
White House Staff
Morgan, New Lioison Man With Congress,
Has Only Proise for McCorthy's Voting
By Brian Bell. Jr.

A man who only three years ago
was a Democrat now is being relied
upon heavily by the President to
maintain friendly relations between
the White House and Congress.
Gerald D. Morgan. A, admins
trative assistant to the President.
will have his work cut out for him
next year. He and Jack Martin,
chief aide to the late Senator Taft,
are in charge of the White House
liaison work with the Capitol.
Mai. Gen. Wilton B. Persons, for
merly connected with liaiSon work,
was shifted to assist Sherman
Adams, Gen. Eisenhower's chief
aide, in September. Since then the
burden of the legislative work has
fallen to Mr.. Morgan and Mr.. Mar
tin. Mr.. Morgan is the senior mem
ber of this liaison team.
AS late as July, 1850, Mr.. Morgan
was a candidate in the Democratic
primary for the Montgomery County
Council. However, he Withdrew
from the race in August and in
October changed his party affiliation
to Republican. He did this with a
blast at what he described as "the
ss-controlled Democratic Party
in Montgomery County"
Soon after the Inauguration this
year, Mr.. Morgan was appointed
special assistant to the White House
staff to do liaison work with Con-
gress. In September, he was moved
up to administrative assistant and
began work on the Presidents leg
islative program for the next session
of Congress.
Mr.. Morgan will not discuss the
details of the program itself until
after it Is ironed out between the
President and congressional Repub-
lican leaders. A meeting to find
common ground is scheduled for
Thursday and Friday.
Mr.. Morgan does have something
to say about the problems confront
ing the administrations program in
Congress next year. however.
View on McCorthy
Surprisingly, in view Of the latest
developments, he does not expect
Senator Joseph Mccarthy to be one
of these problems.
1--WE never have had any trouble
with Senator Mccarthy over the
legislative program" Mr.. Morgan
says. "His voting record is as good
as any Republican in Congress.
Mr.. Morgan comedies the admin
istration must have complete CO.
operation from Republican members
Of Congress to accomplish anything
next year. He doesn't expect the
Democrats to be much help.
Last session, the Democratic line
was, The Democrats are helping the
President with his program" Mr..
Evening star., 1953-12-13
French Election
Picking President Is PuIIid Affair;
Most Likely Candidates Usually Desist
By Crosby S. Moves

Try to imagine a presidential
election with no campaign trains, no
speeches. no parades, no polling
places and no pollsters. Picture can
didates who couldn't care less if
they are elected and platforms that
are potent in proportion to how
little they promise.
If you can do these things, you
have a pretty fair preview of the
historic political event that win take
place in Paris this week.
BY American standards, the cleo
Thursday will be pallid affair.
Under French law, the President is
chosen, not by the people, but by
the two houses of Parliament. All
that happens is that as many of
these 947 gentlemen as can make it
gather in the meeting hall Of the
Assembly of the French Union. The
President Of the National Assembly
reads off the names of the candi-
dates that have been suggested to
him. Then, without any more fan
fare, the secret balloting starts. The
first man who comes through with
an absolute majority of the votes
cast is tapped for the job.
Three Unorthodox Condidotes
There are, to be sure, few willing
candidates for the Office which COM
mands great prestige and a more
than-comfortable salary. Albert
Lutrus. laborer; Roland Grignand.
railroad mechanic, and Xavier
Levedrine, artificial dissemination
expert, have all indicated willing
ness to accept the. honor. None Of
the dopesters rate their chances
very high.
OF the more likely candidates.
few are displaying more than a
languid interest in the proceedings.
Vincent Auriol, who has held the
presidency for the last seven years.
could win easily but has ruled him
self out as candidate. The impress
sion is that he might be persuaded
to change his mind only in case Of
a real deadlock.
Other names most frequently
mentioned include the present Pre-
mier Joseph Laniel. Defense Min
lister Rene Pleven, Foreign Minister
Georges aBidault, former Premiers
Henri Queullle and Pierre Mendes-
France, President of the National
Assembly Edouard Herriot. A prom
ising dark horse is an up-and-com-
ing Radical Socialist named Yvon
DelboS.
Of these, you can more or less
take your pick. M. Laniel is supposed
to have injured his chances by get
ting sick at Bermuda. The French,
who prefer their Presidents to be
politically weak, also, it seems, like
them physically hardy. Messrs.
Pleven and Bidault share the liabil-
ity of being too much in favor OF
the European Defense Community.
Being for most things-with the not
able exception of peace in Indo-
China-is unhealthy in French pol
itics. Being for EDO automatically
signals the opposition Of the Com
munists and Gaullists who swing
some 200 votes between them. M.
Queuille and M. Herriot are some
what old and feeble.
Party affiliations don't mean too
much. President Auriol, Socialist,
doesn't behave like one. Since his
election in 1947, there has been a
shift of political sentiment to the
right. In the coming election, the
center parties seem to have the edge.
Evening star., 1953-12-13
By L. Edgar Primo

When Congress early next year
takes up President Eisenhower's
dramatic plan to slow down the
atomic arms race, the testimony
of two Of the men who spearheaded
the fight for development Of the
hydrogen bomb will be among the
most significant.
These men, who today are chiefly
responsible for guiding the atomic
Lewis L. Strauss, chairman Of the
Atomic Energy Commission, and
Robert LIE Baron, who wears two
hats as assistant to the Secretary
of Defense (atomic energy) and
chairman of the Military Liaison
Committee to the Acc.
They have been in agreement
for some time that America,
which is nearing the day of atomic
plenty, should begin diversion of
fashionable materials to peacetime
uses. A start in this direction has
been made with the $40 million con-
tract let by the Acc for construction
Va hOSACdA ACdSVO4 4O4 A410uoOA 1d1
power.
Under the Eisenhower plan, each
of the producing nations would con-
tribute certain amounts Of fission-
able material to an international
atomic agency Of the United Ma
. tions. This agency would concentrate
on the development of the atoms
military uses.
Ten Years Experience
The team Of Strauss and lie Baron
has more than 10 years total expe-
rience In the Governments atomic
energy and atomic weapons pro-
grams. They worked together in the
critical fall Of 1949, when the ques-
ton Of launching an immediate H
bomb project came to a head in
high Government circles after Rus
sia achieved its first atomic explo-
sion.
Mr.. Strauss, an Acc cAmmis-
Sioner. raised the question. He urged
that the United States build an
H-bomb as soon as possible lest the
Soviet do so first and wipe out our
atomic advantage. But at the out
set, he alone Of the flve members of
the commission. then headed by
David Lilienthal, favored this course.
And the General Advisory Commit
tee to the Acc. . group Of atomic
Evening star., 1953-12-13

June. He is an inventor whose work
has led to important patents relating
to the recovery of alcohol from
petroleum compounds. He has been
chief Of research and development
for large industrial firms.
Beginning his Government work
as a dollar-a-year man with the
War Production Board in the early
'40s, Mr.. LIE Baron has served three
Presidents. He is one of the few
top-level officials of the Truman
regime held over by the Eisenhower
administration. He once flew to
Paris to brief the then supreme
commander of the NATO forces in
Europe on Americas atomic weap-
ons status.
Mr.. Strauss background is more
familiar. He was named to the Acc
in 1916. The next year he made an
important contribution to the safety
of the Nation by suggesting the first
system for the detection of atomic
explosions. This secret system has
allowed the United States to follow
accurately Soviet progress in nuclear
and thermonuclear weapons.
In 1850 Mr.. Strauss resigned
from the Acc. He then was named
consultant to the joint congressional
committee. On March 8 Of this
year Mr.. Eisenhower appointed the
West Vlrginia-born financier as his
special assistant on atomic energy
Evening star., 1953-12-13
Photo BY Hamilton Wright.

General personal exemptions and
other tax benefits enabled Boring to
escape taxes on the $500 which was
not under agricultural exemption.
Up until now, Turen and the other
colonias have concentrated on bulk
cropS-corn (mainly for livestock
feeding). black beans, pinto beans,
rice, onions, sesame and peanuts.
The two laSt-named are produced
for edible oils. and sesame is favored
both for its high content of oil per
pound at harvest time and for it's
greater acceptability in the con-
sumner market. Cotton, ramie and
kapok, all fibre crops, also are grown
at Turen with great success
Success With Potatoes
Until the Ukrainian, Popov, came
to Turen, potatoes had not been con-
sidered good crop. possibly because
SO much work was involved in their
cultivation. Popov, who did not mind
work, brought in a first-class crop of
potatoes.
Wheat has not been tried at
Turen, mainly because of the rela-
lively high temperature that pre-
walls there year-round. but also be-
cause the dollar yield per acre on
other crops is greater. Land of lower
quality in the foothills of the Andes
is being developed for wheat and
other small grains.
Although Turen is government
controlled agricultural center in a
dictatorship, it is virtually q para
disc Of free enterprise. Boring, the
American, was not forced to grow
mis- crop of black beans, and was not
forced to sell it after he har-
vested it.
The Venezuelan government has
a form of price-support based on
something like the United States
parity-theirs is tied to 100 per cent
OF parity" But. because there is
sellers market in virtually all edible
crops. the price-support system is
without significance at present.
In addition to encouraging immi-
Evening star., 1953-12-13

The betting favors the Radical So.
cialists-who, by the curious al-
chemy of French politics are much
less radical than the Socialists. The
feeling is that if they can decide on
a single candidate, they will be hard
to beat. The party favorites at the
moment are either M. Herriot or M.
Delbos.
The attitude of the candidates is,
by tradition, aloof. It would be
considered bad form to show over
eagerness. More frequently the re-
actions are on the scornful side.
When the unlikely possibility that
he might be elected President was
suggested to Gen. Charles de Gaulle
he is reported to have answered:
"I have not devoted my life to
the service of France to end up
opening chrysanthemum shows"
Such witticisms, of course, smack
more of fiction than truth and, in
the generals case, suggest the flavor
of the sour grape. The fact is that
under M. Auriol the French presi.
dency has become q far less laugh
able institution than it is popularity
cracked up to be.
For one thing the President has
the responsibility of forming gov
ernments-a job which in France
can keep one man pretty we'll occu-
pied. His selection may be dictated
as much by what the National As
sembly will accept as by his own
preferences. But within circum-
scribed area the President can exer-
else a choice and exert an influence
on the directions of French policy.
With all the existing constitu-
t;onal limitations to his power, most
people would credit M. Auriol as be-
ing a potent factor in the French
political equation. True, his influence
is largely personal-the result of a
fortunate combination of patience.
determination and dignity. But. at
the same time, it is believed that
this new Importance will adhere to
the Office, whoever M. Auriors sue
cessor may be.
American Interests
When it comes to trying to figure
where American interests lie in the
coming contest, the problem is a
complicated one. Naturally enough,
the State Department, at this point,
is saying nothing at all.
AS already indicated, all OF the
candidates are in favor Of peace in
Inoo-China. All of them are cautious
on the question of cooperating with
the Germans. None seem to qualify
as the fire-breathing type of re-
former that most Americans feel IL
needed in France.
On the standard American yard
stick-devotion to EDC-there il
something of a choice. The pros.
ranging from hot to lukewarm. IN
crude all members Of the present
Government, plus MesSrs. Delbos and
Queuille; the cons are Messrs. Her
riot and Mendes-France.
On the balance, however, less i'm
portance Is being attached here to
leanings of individual candidates
than to the election itself as an ex-
preston of the sentiments Of q
majority of members in Parliament.
A real show of solidarity behind any
of the leading candidates would be
taken as a hopeful sign. On the
other hand, a long, drawn-out
wrangle or a sudden swing in favor
of any of the more radical parties
would be a danger signal for the
critical months to come.