davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20

with reverence to the place where
Christ worked out their saliva
tion. These Christians comprise
about one-third of the worlds
population and its largest relig-
ious group. Catholics, estimated
between 425 to $50 million, COM
pose over half the Christian body
and about a fifth of the worlds
population.
The question before the
worlds statesmen after many
nervous years is still how to bring
peace and tranquility to the land
that was the scene of the angels
singing about peace on earth"
almost 1000 years ago Both the
Pope and the United Nations
have repeatedly proposed a solu-
ton which may well serve to
bring this peace.
Both the Vatican and the U.N.
have called for the internationali-
zation of Jerusalem and its en-
virons. The Pope's main concern
is to put under an international
administration an area replete
with Christian shrines and thus
make SIRE that these shrlneS
are adequately cared for and that
Christians will always have ac-
cess TO them.
However, Observation-Disclosures
could also we'll serve to relieve
tension between Israel and the
Arab states and eventually bring
solid peace to the Holy Land.
The recent report to the UN.
General Assembly of Maj. Gen.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20
We're All Invited

A Marian Year is proclaimed 10 be celebrated
throughout the world on the occasion of the first
centenary of the definition of the dogma of the
Immaculate Conception Of the Blessed Virgin Mary
With these words, our Holy Father, Pope Plus
XII, proclaimed to all the world that the year be-
ginning in December 1883 and extending for IL
months into 1854 would be a special year of cele-
bration honoring Our Blessed Mother
This proclamation of the Pope comes to the
true child of Mary not much as a prod or com
mand as il does occasion for the removing
of restriction and signal for joyous cee-
bration.
The Popes encyclical letter "Fulgens Corona
Gloriae which began with the paragraph quoted
above affected the Catholic world much as a child
is affected by the announcement that gala party
is going to be given for his Mother and he is
invited.
Just one hundred years ago this coming Decem-
Der 8, Pope Plus TX declared and defined that the
doctrine which holds that the Most Blessed Virgin
Mary at the first moment of her conception was by
singular grace and privilege of the omnipotent God
in virtue of the merits of Jesus Christ Saviour of
the human race, preserved from all stain Of original
sin, is revealed BY God and therefore to be firmly
and resolutely believed by all the faithful"
The centenary of this declaration is certainly
for widespread rejoicing by all Of Mary's
children, however, we in America have special
reason TO look forward to this coming year of honor
to Mary our Mother
Already in 1860, the feast of Msry's Immaculate
Conception was chosen the patronal feast OF all
the possessions of the Spanish Crown, including
those in America.
Eightysix years later the first Council of Balti-
more in 1346 elected Mary in Her Immaculate Con-
ception the principal Patron Of the United States.
This is the added not superfluous but intensifyng
reason tor the American Catholics great joy al
the prospect of full year of special devotions 10
honor Mary the Mother of God
This week Bishop Ready outlined the particular
rites and functions which will mark the official
yearlong celebration throughout the Diocese Of Co
lumbus. Every Catholic will want to study the
drectiyes Of the Bishop and plan TO give his fullest
cooperation by attending each Of the proposed
exercises.
This participation in all the public rites
joined for the proper celebration OF the Marian
year throughout the Diocese is taken for granted
Besides this there should be the daily attentive
reflection the purposes which lead the Holy
Father TO proclaim this year OF celebration "to
revive the Catholic Faith and earnest devotion TO
the Mother of God in the souls of sll' and
also that the individual Christian should conform
their lives to the image of the Virgin
This is the present" YOU might say that we
bring to Our Mothers celebration, for our Holy
Father us that the Blessed Virgin never
rejoices more than when she those whom un-
der the Cross Of Her Son, she has adopted chill
dren in His stead portray the lineaments and
ments Of her own soul in thought, word and deed"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20
Thanksgiving Dav

There is an unusual feature about Thanksgiving
Day that makes il stand out among all the many
civil holidays celebrated IN this country II is the
only one to he instituted by government decree
that and still should be of distinctly religious
nature.
This fact has been largely forgotten in the
joyous external celebration of the day. Like so
many Of great days of celebration the accidental
part, the means has been mistaken for the end.
This ciyilregious holiday goes back to the
very beginning Of American history, being observed
for the first time f55 years before the United
States Of America came into being.
Governor Bradford OF the Plymouth colony start
ed what was 10 become a national custom when IN
1921 he decreed special day should be set aside for
"public praise and prayer" after the first harvest
made by the settlers Of America
The tone OF the day national feast was set
by the first president of the newly formed nation
George Washington. in 1889. His recommendation
sent to the first Congress holds a pertinent and
true message for this coming Thanksgiving Day
as il did for the first
In his recommendation 10 the people of the
country establishing the last Thursday Of November
a. national day Of thanksgiving, President Wash
rnson proclaimed that II should be a day Of public
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20

thanksgiving and prayer to be observed By scknovl
edging with grateful hearts the many and signal
favors of Almighty God"
The proclamation went on to exhort the people
to "beseech Him TO pardon our national and other
transgressions, to promote the knowledge and prac
tee of true religion and virtue, and to grant unto
all mankind such degree of temporal prosperity
as He alone knows best"
By decree, this is the form and substance of our
Thanksgiving Day celebration The turkey, pies and
cakes and all the other things usually associated
with the celebration of the day are merely sec
ondsry.
Every true American will use some of the leis-
time this holiday affords to mediate on his
fortunate state of being American He will think
of all the blessings, national and personal that God
has showered upon him during the past year.
He will examine himself on his duties as an
American, keeping track of his shortcomings and
failures well as his praiseworthy accomplish
ments.
And then he will in the words of Washington
acknowledge with grateful heart the many and
signal favors of Almighty God beSeech Him
TO pardon our national and other transgressions
and to promote the knowledge and practice
of true religion"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20
No Problem Gifts Here

II won't be long until the practical minded gift
buyer will be trying TO project himself into the per-
sonages of his friends 10 try and imagine just
what would make nice gift for them The oft heard
explanation will be Il just don't want to get him
any old thing. | want 10 give Joe something he
can use"
Every hsrried Christmas shopper has struggled
with this problem Most of the "Joes" we know of
so we'll fixed that il is problem finding some
thing suitable for gift that they can
There is very natural added pleasure that
comes with giving gift you know will be appre-
eiated and put TO useful purpose. Think of
1t! Our JOY would know no bounds il we knew in
advance the gift giving would not only
please "Joe" but might well be the means of keep
Ing him circulating among the living or al least
stave off real suffering and want.
Now there is just such kind of untrammeled
gift giving the latter mentioned above Each year,
the Thanksgiving Week Clothinq Campaign inaug-
urated by the Bishops Of the United States pre-
Sents the opportunity to all of us 10 give from our
abundance with the assurance that our gift will be
used and appreciated beyond our realization,
We have been told time and again, that IL takes
an eyewitness TO really appreciate the good done
by our gifts Of used clothing collected in this cam
paign.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20

Relations Board election sched-
uled for the local plant of
the Westinghouse Corporation.
The Red-ruled UE was being
challenged in its control of that
plant by the CIO organization,
the International Union of Elec-
trical Workers.
l was in a position to show
Communist domination of the UE
to the extent that it is now prac-
ticalIy a Communist front, and to
relate the connections of its two
chief officers, Julius Emspak and
James Matles, with the conspir-
acy. The newspaper made this a
front page story. Now | learn
that this statement played a
large if not decisive part in the
result of the election. The CI0
union won. And | am happy to
report that in the interview /
did not merely criticize the Com
munists but also recommended
IAN American labor organization,
the international Union of Elec-
trical Workers, CI0."
Don't Help TO ShsekIs Labor
The purpose of mentioning this
experience is to urge again the
importance of supporting the
regular trade unions tohen com
batting CommnniSn's attempted
influences on labor.
Moscow has begun a new world
drive to chain the free labor
movement to its current designs
for the distribution and defeat
of the West. The center of this
subversion is the World Fedora
ton of Trade Unions-completely
under the Soviet thumb-which
held its third Congress in Vienna
in October. The New Times of
Moscow frankly reviews what
came out of this Congress:
Nefp plans TO capture the free
trade unions and make of them
transmission belts for the Com
nqunist line. EUen before the
Congress met, the Moscow organ
of September 26 declared that
"the struggle of the working
masses for decent conditions of
life" must be linked up with
the general struggle of the peo-
pies for peace and liberty"
PhonY Labels
We have had enough exper-
ience with Communist phraseol-
logy to know that peace" and
Liberty" are the terms which
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20
WASHINGTON LETTER

WASHINGTON-For the past
few weeks the newspapers have
carried repeated stories telling
of the raids and counter-raids,
massacres and counter-massacres,
charges and counter-charges be-
tween Israel and her Arab neigh
bors.
The most shocking OF these in
cidents was the armed raid on
the Jordan village of Kibya in
which about so people were muir
dered and more than a dozen
left seriously wounded.
In all the charges and counter
charges the blame for these I'M
cidentS is hard to fix. But one
quickly reaches the conclusion
that there is an explosive ten
sion in the area which could at
any moment burst into a full
scale war.
The point is that a war or
even trouble in the Holy Land is
of vital concern to many millions
of people outside the area. The
concern of these people is not
based on either a pro-Israel or a
pro-Arab bias. Their interest is
in the sacred shrines which lit
orally dot the entire area. They
want neither a destruction nor an
endangering of the places whose
memories have become sacred be-
cause the only Goldman this
world has seen lived, walked,
taught, suffered and died there.
Some 75O,000,O00 people in ev-
cry part of the world, who pro-
fesS themselves Christians. look
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20
INQUIRY CORNER
HO1U Does Instinct
Differ From Reason?

event, sensible and divine" which
means that it must be beyond
the laws of nature leg. raising
the dead to life) and traceable
to God (e.g. as opposed to extra
ordinary works of the deyiD.
Some miracles are intended by
God to prove a truth of faith.
Referred to by the Vatican Coun-
Gil as most certain signs of di-
vine revelation - signs adapted
to the intelligence of everyone"
true miracles cannot be worked
BY anyone who represents any,
thing but Gods true Church.
Anyone can benefit by one.
@. What lOdS GdLlicGniS1n?
A. This is the name for the
system of theories developed in
France, especially in the sew
enteenth century, to restrict the
authority of the Church. Under
Louis XIV, an absolutiSt in poll
tics and religion, Gallicanism set
itself up as system. 1t was ex-
pressed in four articles in 1882,
which were condemned by the
Church. They reappeared in Ma
poleon's concordat with Pope
Plus VII in 1902. Among other
things it proposed the now-
hereticaI theory that the pope
is subordinate to general coun-
ellis.
@. What is a LituTglcdl altar?
A. Any altar which is suitable
for offering Mass is liturgical.
In a special sense it refers to
the altar without the super
structure attached to it. The
Liturgical movement stresses
this form of plain table-like ale
tar as means of understanding
and appreciation of the Sacrifice
of the Mass. In his encyclical on
the Liturgy Pope Plus XII re-
proves those who "desire to re-
store everything indiscriminate-
ly to its ancient condition. He
warns us against making the
Liturgy q collection of disturb
ing fads, upsetting the customs
and regulations of the Church.
@. Reading about st. Angus
tine EUe Wondered about Mani
cheiSm aOhich he accepted for
several years. What did &c
teach?
A. Manichaeism was a heresy
instituted in the third century
by Persian named Manichaeus.
It taught that there are two
principles of creation, one good
(God) and the other evil (Sa-
tam. According to this sect
mans soul is from God and
therefore good, his body from
Satan and therefore evil. Ac-
cording to them Christ had only
an ethereal body.
Send questions to Father Ed
ward r. Healey, The Inquiry
Corner, The Catholic Times, Box
$50, Columbus (16) Ohio.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20

Social Justice, Whole and Entire

ly free2 Is material prosperity
and material security final? You
know the answer.
That answer calls for ths dsvel-
opment Of . complete man,
worthy human personality" fit
for lasting freedom and capable
of fellowship with Cod his Max
or. mot by bread alone doth
man live" We can have ell ahs
mechanical eenvsnienees which
our national wealth makes pos
xibIe and still be sUbhuman -
slavex to ourselves.
That is why we seek the real
facts of our working days. We
are in search of the dignity that
God gave us, the dignity of the
job we are doing. We ask for
wages and profits that help us
become ''better"-not just quest
for better things. Aggressive, l
say, not dominating. We do not
seek diffusion of power but over
mems souls-we seek diffusion
of power through owning our
own stake in the ground, so that
we may help others TO own
theirs.
This is Gods world, a just
Gods world. There are in it
harsh conditions to be met. There
is frequent insecurity until We
keep fighting calmly for security.
Make your service job effective
and you make your home even
tempered, your community neigh
borly and your country strong.
Plus XII leaves Us the thought,
with which this talk may end.
What . proud bosst II will be
for The American people, by ma
fvrs inclined TO greet underfsk-
inss and 70 lihersIity, IN they On
fis the knoffY and difficult social
question by following fhs sure
paths illuminated by the light Of
the Gospel and thus lay the basis
for q happier age"
Keep faith in social justice,
whole and entire, and we will.
ultimately, find peace.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20
INQUIRY CORNER

O. If animals are not tnteltt-
gent, but do the remarkable
things they sometimes do By TN
stinct, tohdt is this thing called
instinct? How is 1t different
from reason?
A. The Sacred Scripture makes
clear that animals are not intelli-
gent from the Psalms (48:13-2D
to st. Peters Second Epistle
but these men as irrational
beasts" (H Peter 2:12). In
spite of the resemblances be-
tween men and beasts there is
abundant evidence that there is
\ distinct difference in kind.
From Plato to the philosophers
of our own time there has been a
wealth of proof from reason
that man has a spiritual immor-
tai soul. There is no evidence
to indicate reason, free will or a
spiritual soul in animals. t'In-
stinct is natural aptitude
which guides animals in the UNI
reflecting performance of COM
plex acts useful for the preSer-
vation of the individual or of
the species" Donald Attwater,
Catholic Dictionary Animals ne
yer perform actions which would
indicate abstraction (e.g. mathe-
matics) or reflection (e.g. ra-
tional awareness of ones own
reasoning) but follow q pattern
traceable to sense impulses.
(e.g. Animals may die in loyalty
to a man or another animal but
not for cause
Q. What pdS supposed TO be
the object of the mIch-dtScussed
InqttiSition?
A. From the Latin inquirere
Ito look into) it referred to an
ecclesiastical tribunal which was
instituted in 1929 by Pope Gre
CORY TX to discover, punish and
prevent heresy. The institution
was based on the principle that
truth must be upheld and pro-
NOTED in the interest of public
order as we'll as for religious
reasons. II was organized to
check the anti-social leg. they
called marriage eviD Albigensian
heresy in southern France. Fer
dinand and Isabella established
it with the approval of Pope Six
tus " in 1873 to promote peace
and order in Spain. There have
been many exaggerations and
outright lies about the tortures
and death penalties inflicted
through its agency, but there
certainly were exceSses.
@. What is a true miracle?
Can Hindu fdEir or a Protestant
mystic toork one?
A. st. Thomas calls a miracle
shat which is done by God out
side the order of all created ma
ture." 1t is defined by a modern
author as "an extraordinary
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20
MONSIGNOR HIGGINS

On October 26 MonSiqnor Boil
and agas honored at a public din
ner marking the 18th dnniUer-
Sdry of the Buffalo Diocesan La.
Dor College of t0hich he is both
founder and director. The din
ner conceded 0ith the Buffalo
meeting of the Catholic Confer
ence on Industrial Problems.
The address Which MonSiqnor
BoLdnd deliDered on that occd-
SION substituted for the regular
release of Father Higgins loeek.
ly columns an admirable sum
mary OF the Christian spirit of
Justice and charity that has mo-
tfpdted his e1tenSiue Dork IN the
field of social action. MonSig-
nor Boldnd SerUed for many
years as chairman of the Ne1U
York State Labor Relations
Board and is HoU member of
the Neto York State Mediation
Board.
can think of no better way of
saying thank you than by imitat-
ing those beneficiaries of old
world days. | am grateful to God
for inspiring you to be generous
in your thoughts about me. Your
speakers, your committees, you
yourselves, individually and col
lectively, have done me the hon
or of breaking bread with me
the bread of warm, tingling
friendship. The effect has been
akin to that wrought by the mag
ic of mans love for his fellows.
We stand as one in our deep
conviction that the earth is the
Lords and only by His wish and
your toll is yours and ours. We
believe unitedly that mans dig
nifty !. in his most precious pos
session; and that il must be ac-
knowledged, respected and, when
attacked, defended with all our
substance and with our lives.
Men are not slaves, nor are they
statistics.
Man is an apparent eontradic-
ton. He harhors within himself
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20
LOUIS r. BUDENZ
In Opposite Camps

stand out in the Red propaganda
for achieving the Kremlin's aims
at this period. 1t is 'the peace
pact" and ''the peace crusades"
which have been the instruments
for forwarding Soviet aggression.
1t was Stalin's call in October.
1882, for raising higher "the BAN
ner of bourgeois civil liberties"
IN the democratic countries that
served as cover for new Red
penetration of many agencies of
American life.
The New Times goes on to
stress that the Red 'labor" Con-
gress must play up "the great
hardships to which the policy
of rearmament is condemning
the peoples of the capitalist
world" That is direct order to
subuert the free trade unions
and other organizations by turn
tng them against defense plans
for the West. Nothing is said
about the much greater hard
ships to which the enslaved peo-
Piles under Soviet power are sub
jected. Nor is the fact, of course,
brought out that the alleged
trade unions" in all nations un-
der the Kremlin's domination
are merely speed-up machines
and spy nests against the work
ing population.
Slavery, Torture
Members of free trade unions
must be informed that conditions
in Soviet agriculture are desper-
ate, as revealed by the report
of George M. Malenkov and 9TH
er Soviet officials at the August
session of the Supreme Soviet
of the USSR. They must never
forget the slave labor system,
which can be better understood
now that we learn of the atroci-
ties committed against our own
CTS.
That the inevitable tendency
of Soviet Communism is to
resort to sIdUery and torture
is an important consideration for
labor in its endeavor to beat back
Communist penetration. This
tendency is again brought before
our eyes. in the current book,
THE Secret History of Stalin's
Crimes" written by Alexander
0rlov, former Soviet diplomat
and the Kremlin's counter-in-
telligence chief in Spain during
the Spanish civil war.
False Conception
In this country, the Commun-
lists are seeking to win labor UNI
ions over TO backing the Com
munist line political Affairs
and the Daily Worker both re-
veal this) by trying to take ad-
vantage of union discomfort with
failure to amend the Taft-Hart-
ley Law. Labor leaders and la
Dor organizations cannot afford
to fall victims to this Red am
bush-by attacks on the Smith
Act and Congressional inquiries,
or by intimating that injury to
the Communists may prove to be
m injury to labor.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20
WASHINCTON LETTER
An Important Means Left Untried

Vagn Bennike, U.N. truce super
visor in Palestine, strongly sug-
gests this as the only way to re-
lieve tension there to prevent
the constant Arab and Jewish in
roads into each others terri
tory.
II is certainly understandable
that a third and powerful force
that of the United Nations-in-
stalled in Jerusalem and its en-
yironment would serve as a de-
terrent to border incidents. 1t
would also relieve the tension
between Israel and Jordan since
ii would keep their respective
troops from facing each other at
the heaviest population center
Jerusalem. While the entire
Arab-Jewish border has been la
beled powder keg, Jerusalem
has been compared TO a stick of
dynamite in a powder keg.
The 1949 United Nations Gen
eral Assembly decision to inter
nationalize Jerusalem is still on
the books. 1t will be up to the
statesmen of the world to imple-
ment the decision. This imple-
mentation is an obligation in
cumbent mainly on the big pow
ers and especially on the Unit
ed States. For without effective
action by the United States and
to a lesser degree by Great Brit
ain-both of whom exercise tre-
mendouS influence over Israel
and Jordan-the internationali-
zation of Jerusalem can never be
implemented.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-11-20

st ar Ledger
had interview
ed me in regard
to Communist
control of the
United Elec-
trical, Radio,
and Machine
Workers Un-
ion. The discus
sion was pert
inent to the
National Labor