davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08
.sLEEPLESS NIGHT

CULVER CITY, Calf. B-Loui.
Gueret says he owes his presenct
in jail to a mosquito and two gar
bage collectors.
He went to bed thinking about
the big auto agency near his home,
he told police here.
II kept thinking about burglariz,
ing that building. and when mos.
quito woke me UP about 3 O'Clock
i decided to 60 over and get the
job done"
The garbage collectors saw him
inside and called police.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08
BY CHARLES r. BARRETT

WASHINGTON R-The world.
biggest insurance system is get
ting a new and close inspection
under new management.
The system is the governments
social security program of retire
iment and death benefits, aimed
eventually at covering almost al
American workers. 81
The Democrats, who created it
had been pushing i along for II
years. It became bigger and big
ger, picking up more and more
momentum In the same genera
direction, like an incredibly vas
SNOWFALL rolling downhill.
Now the Republicans have takeI
over the administration and Con
Igress. Secretary of Welfare Hobby
has called in IL consultants to take
Ia new look.
And on Capitol Hill, Rep. Car
Curtis (R-Neb) who has been open
lly dubious about the program fol
years, is heading a broad study
by a special House ways and
means subcommittee.
Few government programs NEAR
so much to so many. More thar
IS million workers already are II
the program. They expect retire
ment benefits when they reach IS
or payments to their families L
they die before IS.
Eventually, in the year 1850, es
Inmates are that the program
would cover minimum Of IL:
million persons or a maximum o
1852 millions.
BY that time, benefit payment!
are estimated to run at Is to 2;
billion dollars a year.
The new inspection Is designet
to show whether the present pro
gram is sound, or whether tina
SNOWFALL Is likely to smash uI
somewhere on the way down thl
hill.
The inspectors want to know
they should dismansie the presen
program and start off again on /,
new one.
!
They want to know whether the,
should push that SNOWFALL eyeI
faster in The same direction, o.
nudge it over bit in this direc
ton or that.
Both Curtis and Eisenhower "a
ministration spokesman say the,
resent any intima.ion that they Ar,
out to wreck or destroy social &c
curity. They say they just wan
70 make sure, If they can, tina
the system for protecting the aget
Is sound, adequate, and fair.
Thus these basic principles be
hind the present s;stem are ~
for study:
It is called contributory. That
rs, only persons WIN have paid
INTO the system are eligible fol
benefits. Generally. the more you
pay In, the more you receive. Blu
there are some important excep'
tons.
It is self-supportins. All the bene-
fits are to be paid from special,
Iearmarked taxes levied for that
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08

BUSINESS
MIRROR
BY SAM DAWSON

NEW YORK R-Private indus
try is fast taking over in a field
Ionce the all but exclusive property
Iof the colleges and governmental
agencies-the field Of scientific re-
search.
The government still puts up q
little more than half of the money.
But two-thEds of the scientific
probing into the unknown or little
known is now being carried on in
facilities owed or operated by pri-
vate industry, the Institute of Life
Insurance points out today.
From industrial sources comes
the further indication that corpor-
ate plans call for private business
ito put up even more money In
the years just ahead.
Industry is expected soon to
|overtake government in the vol
ume of money spent. The govern
ment win probably continue to be
THE heavy spender in research
touching the many problems of ma
Itional defense. But private indus
TRY is becoming increasingly in
lterested in developing new prod.
ucts as it moves into competitive
markets.
And as colleges and government
Ital agencies trim their budgets for
basic research, private industry is
increasing the amount of money
Lie puts into this type. Basic re-
search goes after fundamental
| information without immediate
thought to what practical use 1t
may later be put, If any. (Thus,
basic research taught man how
Ito split the atom: later came the
IA-bomb; and in the future lies in
|dustrial power production from
atomic energy.)
The Bureau of Labor Statistics
and the Department of Defense,
in q survey Of research being f.
Inanced by private industry, re-
ports that the oil industry is pay
ling 81 cents Of its research dollar
and the government only three
cents, although much of research
contributes 10 national defense.
The chemistry industry pays %
cents Of its research dollar out
Of its own pocket; the food indus
try So cents: auto industry 81
cents: and the primary metal in.
dustries 30 cents.
Where defense needs have taken
the major share O. 'raustry's
time, the governu ~ con-
ltribution is much air
craft industry, fer pays
only Is per cent G j cost
LOT its research.
Electrical machiner. aai the
professional and scientific inStru.
ment industries get more than hall
of their research money from the
government. Most of it goes fol-
perfecting defense items.
Industry's interest in basic re
search doubtless has been spurred
by the knowledge that some oi
1.-THE most profitable of the new
products in the field Of medicine,
textiles, electronics. have been un
expected by-products of basic re-
search.
A prime example is that of anti.
Ibiotics. Discoveries of new wonder
drugs have become all but com,
Imonplace. Research, however, is
being stepped up. For one reason,
scientists have found that the
sturdier microbes develop immu.
Unity TO a drug. They have to keep
looking for new and deadlier ones.
The National Science Founda.
ltion reports that the government,
for reasons of economy. is cutting
hack on its grants to colleges and
non-profit institutions for basic re-
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08

search, but that corporations are
taking up some of the slack.
Corporate grants are of many
kinds. Sometimes its a whole in
Idustry that grants the money to
solve some particular common
problem. Sometimes its a single
big corporation with its own pecul-
lar product shortcomings for which
basic research might stumble on
IA cure.
Total spending on scientific re-
search last year is estimated at
more than 3ls billion dollars. This
is four times more than was spent
annually before World War II.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08
SLOW ON FIREwATER

ALBUQUERQUE. N. N. I'll
looks as if Indian leaders of New
Mexico aren't as eager as fneil
white brothers 20 okay sale d
liquor to tribesmen
The historical white ban against
selling firewater 10 Indians was
knocked out by New Mexico voters
last month.
But the Indian Bureau area Of
flee says there is no indication na-
tive officials Of "a tribal commlini-
ties under its jurisdiction plan,
likewise, to approve liquor sales
on reservations.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08
No Hard Feelings

PHOENIX, Ariz. Up - Catherine
"A. Fish, candidate for the Mad.
iSon school board. holds no Ill will
toward her election opponent, DR.
Paul A. johnson.
Il have the highest regard fol
DR.. johnson" said Mrs. Fish
Hes my personal physician"
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08
Red Threat Lessons

SAN FRANCISCO Up - Commu-
nism no longer is a serious internal
threat in France. says former
Premier Antoine Pinay.
He told the Commonwealth Club
here, 1.-THE domestic danger
|. is behind u.s." and added
that since I945 Red membership
has slipped from more than one
million to 400, 900 and Red news
paper circulation has dropped
from 2,700,000 to 100000.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08

About 20 per cent Of the worlds
land surface is ocean.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08
DULLES WARNS OF WAR

Secretary of State John Foster Dulles in his speech
before the American Legion in ST. Louis recently cari
ed American aims in the Far East and then put the Com
munss on notice that the United States would probably
react to any new aggression there Secretary Dulles
obviously trying to make the intentions of this Govern
ment clear to all Notwithstanding our State De-
partment has not always done in recent years.
Secretary Dulles pulled punches in telling the
Communists that attack in Korea would end the
sanctuary" of Manchuran air and supply bases which
the Communist air force used throughout the Korean
War; He also limited that any official Chinese Communist
participation in the IndoChna fighting would probably
involve China in fighting elsewhere The warning in
cludes the possibility of Chinese Nationalist action
Chinese Nationalist and U. s. action combined
the Chinese Communists or any other Communist
country provoke aggression regardless of the Sec
rearys words the consequences will be grave. The Unit
ed States position has been placed before the rest of the
world and is hardly likely that could back down,
warning ignored without losing face in the Far
East The next in the Far East is up to the Com
munss and, It hinges the choice of peace for
China and the United States.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08

The editor is under no illusion that these shots
the ultimate in intellectual sophistication.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08

It is pity no fair way for judging beauty contes
exists. The prettiest thing often loses.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08

1t is surprising how few people have sense enough
listen to an authority On his subject.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08

Those who live to be fifty will live many more year
if they have sense enough to understand their age.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08

Many youngsters, back in school, are certain the
experiencing the feature of modern Civilization
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08

Now that the fighting in Korea has ended, it nigh
be good idea to try to end the killing on the highways
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1953-10-08

Everyone is in favor of large national income The
only differences arise in the ideas how should be dis
tributed.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

In 1893. the editor Of the Mime
apolis Journal condemned the view
Of . dignified ecclesiastIc of the
Church Of England for his advOca-
ton Of inteFmarriage between
white and Negro races to clint
nate the color line In the u. q.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

The hack drivers union stopped
q funeral procession until the Ne
gro driver Of the hearse was re-
moved In Minneapolis.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

white dancers walked off the
floor at Wildwood In 1901 when
two Negro couples danced in the
dance pavilion at the amusement
park
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27
EaTlY lnsoraclGI
Moni0ges Reported
by Pioneer Press

The first account Of q wedding
between q Negro and q white per
son In Minnesota was recorded IN
May. 1879. The couple may have
been married some time before
then, because tho 81. Paul Pioneer
Preas carried this account;
"A coIored man. Henry Wash.
ingt0n. lives with q white wife on
the NIcoIlst Island, the pair occu.
pying q house formerly known "A
Aunt EHthePa
FOR some time the husband had
grave reasons 10 suspect his other
white half was untrue 10 him and
disgracing herself by too great In
tlmaey with other col0red troops.
Conspicuous In the group Blis-
peeted was q tall oolored gentle.
man.
The husband returned home 10
find his wife intoxicated, In com
pany with the tall one. and the
family bed crashed 10 the floor
they started fighting. :"
The second account Of n mar
Rage Of a white and Negro ap.
pearsd In 1873. this time In Fergus
Falls, when q white girl, 20 years
did, married q "full blooded Ne
gro"
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

the state legislature that proposed
10 prohibit intsgracial marriages.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

II makes sense that N more
and more job barriers are drop
ped for Negroes that they would
become active in the various labor
unions that they might belong TO,
And unions particularly like
those IN the clio have been In the
forefront OF the struggle TO open
more doors OF employment to Ne
groeS.
Louis Erwin or Buster. a. he
u known by his friends 10 a typi.
cal example Of . Negro who has
risen to a position OF leadership
In the community a. n result Of
hts work In the union.
Erwin IL now president Of dis
triet II, international Electrical,
Radio and Machine Workers. CIo.
that Includes Z states
Back in the days when Il was
not popular or safe for q Negro
20 speak up for his rights to an
employer Erwin never had any
qualms about speaking his piece.
The result was that Il wasn't too
long before his reputation had
spread and he was blackhstei
from jobs that were so-caIled
''cOlor~d Jobs"
Erwin 10 q devoutly religious
man who believes that the
brotherhood % Man Is some
thing that should be practiesd
everyday and not just something
YOU talk about.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

In 1900. citizens In the Prospect
park area Of Minneapolis agreed
10 keep Negroes out OF that Sec
ton OF the city.
In 1913, q. n, Fineld. Negro.
was forced TO move by his land
lord. the Western Express Co,
because they did not like TO soc
30 many Negroes coming to his
office on the second floor
OF the Scandinavian American
Bank building, sixth and jackson
SITS. g. Paul
The Firth AVuAue Improvement
League was formed In 1908 TO
make plans TO keep the district
! liiy-white,
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

Ths Minnesota state Barherg'
Association, In 1900. decided to
leave TO the unions the dsciaion on
whether or not 10 test the law Civ
ing white BARRIERS the right to
refuse 10 shave Negroes.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

URtll 1855. Negroes were not
employed In any capacity at the
NIcollet hotel, That year, headed
by n. w. n, Greer, white head
waiter at the hotel. a crew Of Ne
gro walters brought pressure for
employment at the hotel that re-
suited In breaking the 22-year
monopoly whites held on jobs at
the hotel
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

Tho editor OF the Minneapolis
Journal. in 1900. stated that the
Negro owed civil and political
rights 70 the Republican party.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

Ina editor Of me Minneapolis
Journal In 1909 favored the bin In
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

In 1914, a Negro girl In Brain
erd sued for $1,000 because she
was forced 20 nit apart from the
other children In Sunday school
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27

The first Negro TO be graduated
from q high school In Duluth was
May Harriet Black, who gradu-
ated In 1899. She came 10 Duluth
with her parents. Mr.. and Mrs.
James Black, from Chicago In
1898.
In I8s6, Thomas jefferson, a.
far a. can be ascertained. was
the only Negro TO own and operate
a threatre in Minnesota, II was
called the Park Theatre" and was
located at 37A Minnesota 81.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1953-02-27
(Contlnued from PaRe I'D

CONTINUED from Page 3-B)
Mlnnosota. Both the white and
Negro are concerned. and have Get
up Organisations, both private and
under the auspices OF the govern
ment, for the bettsrmsnt and ad.
yancement Of the race and better
race relations.
Negroes In Minnesota today
have a higher percentage Of home
ownership than those OF every
other state except one.
JOB OPPORTUNITIES
INCREASED
Since World War II Indignation
Of Negroes into better Job cate
goriss spanked by the wartime
Twin Cities Ordnance plant opsr-
ated by Charles l.. Horn has
EfehlAy WGFeAbeu
Some Of the jobs now held by
Twin city Negroes include engi-
nsars. draftamen. nurses. retail
store clerks. street railway motor"
men and conductors. milk wagon
drivers. truck drivers. stenogra-
piers. school teachers, typiHts. ra-
biologists, medical technlcians, tai
ephone operators, cashiers, Jour
nailsts, dining car inspectors, pos
tai Superlntondents. plant super
intsndsnta.
Common labor Jobs on building
construction, practically closed 10
Negro labor before tho last war.
now are open In most unaSillod
areas
Through the work Of william
Beabron Of the Minneapolis Urban
League, Negroes are now being
admitted 10 building trades APP
prentlceahip courses.
The Negro In Minnesota looks
forward with confidence TO the
future. Ills white fellow citizens
on the whole are receptive 10 and
encourage his advance In most
lines OF endsavor. The future looks
bright, and much Of the credit
goes 10 those early pioneers who
blazod the trail
Evening star., 1953-01-30
S Defense Appointees to Yield
Securities Valued at SIS Million

j. P. Stevens Co., Inc. He previ-
ously had agreed to sell off
numerous other holdings, whose
market value may be nearly that
much.
Harold E. Talbot, nominated
for Secretary of Air, agreed to
get rid of 100000 to $500, 900
worth of varied stocks and hold
ings. He testified that he would
pay nearly 100000 extra in
Federal taxes on these sales.
Anderson Plans Sales.
Robert E. Anderson, nominee
for Secretary of the Navy, tes-
titled he would have to sell only
one or two shares of stock.
All of the nominees were re-
quired to dispose interests they
held in corporations that would
have defense business the off,
Gals might handle. Some of
them questioned this require
ment, but all finally agreed to
comply.
The committee said they could
do this by giving them away to
their families or charities or by
selling them.
Evening star., 1953-01-30
Pr0Ydu Ber0tes Soviet Radio
For Dull, Mediocre Programs

that authorities stick to a limited
number of artists instead of
bringing in new talent.
The government newspaper
Izvestia, meantime, continued
the press campaign on officials
who hire people with shady pasts.
Today it demanded punishment
of officials of the Latvian brew
ing trust for failing to check the
record of a bookkeeper.
Ran Bottle Racket.
The bookkeeper turned out to
be an ,embezzler who managed
to steal 100000 rubles ($575,-
000) on an empty bottle racket,
Izvestia asserted.
Insisting that criminal action
be taken against the brewery
trust chief. the former director
of the brewery and the chief
of the financial planning divi-
sion, the newspaper said that if
the officials had looked into the
employees past, they would have
found that he was a refugee
from justice who had been i'm
plicated in another embezzle-
ment.
Evening star., 1953-01-30
2Chicago Policemen
To Testify in Probe Of
Tieups With Crime
BY the Assoeiated Press

CHICAGO, Jan. 3O.-Two po-
lice captains were called today to
testify before the City Council
Emergency Crime Committee in
reply to an undercover investi-
gators lurid story of graft, gam
bling and vice in the Hudson
avenue police district.
They are Joseph Vojtech. dis
trict captain. and his prede-
cessor, Redmond Gibbons. who
now is chief of uniformed police.
The Hudson avenue district is
on the near North Side.
Told of Conversations.
Robert Butzler, the undercover
agent. did not mention Capt.
Gibbons, who left the district
last May, in his testimony. Butz-
ler's only reference to Vojtech
was in telling of conversations
with petty crooks whom he
quoted as saying the new cap
tain would be "all right"
A Pittsburgh policeman then
on leave, and who has since re-
turned to his post, Mr.. Butzler
told the committee he could not
vouch for the truth of all his
information which he said came
from conservations with under
world characters.
Agreed on Division.
But he said he had been
told that Alderman Matthias
paddy Bauler and Tony Ac-
cardo, reputed successor of Al
Capone as crime syndicate boss.
had agreed on a division Of
North Side territories in which
Evening star., 1953-01-30
Ten Harvard Alumni
Nominated as 0Verseers
By the Associated Press

CAMBRIDGE. Mass. Jan. 80.
Harvard degree-holders were
asked today to choose by postal
ballot five of 10 alumni nomi-
mated as candidates fos the
schools Board of OverseeTs.
The result of the balloting will
be announced on commence
ment Day, June II.
Harvard University said the
nominees are:
Dexter Perkins, chairman of
the University of Rochester
history department; Frederick
w. Hubbell, Des Moines, Iowa,
president of the Equitable Life
Insurance Co. of Iowa; Deverus
c. Josephs. New York, president
of the New York Life Insurance
Co.; Walter w. Wheeler. jr.,
Stamford Conn, president of
Pitney-Bowes, Inc; Frederic B.
Whitman, San Francisco. presi-
dent of the Western Pacific Rail-
road Co.; Roy E. Larsen, New
York. president and director of
Time. Inc; Mayor Joseph S.
Clark, jr., Of Philadelphia; Neil
McElroy, Cincinnati, president
of Proctor & Gamble Co.; John
w. Hallowell, Hudson, Ohio,
headmaster of Western Reserve
Academy. and Thomas B. Cabot,
Boston. executive vice president
of Godfrey L. Cabot, Inc.
Evening star., 1953-01-30
News Handlers Strike
In New York Suburbs
By the Assoeioted Press

NEW YORK, Jan. 30.-Six
hundred magazine and newspa- :
per deliverers struck today
against wholesale distributors in
New Jersey, Connecticut, West
chester County and Long Island.
The walkout of members of the
Independent Newspaper and
Mail Deliverers Union affected
distribution of metropolitan
newspapers within so miles of
New York. but not within the
city.
Sam Feldman. union president.
said the work stoppage was
called after collapse of long ne
gotiations with the Suburban
Wholesalers Association in an eff
fort to work out a new contract.
A strike vote was taken last Fri
day.
Mr.. Feldman said the union
asked for a 37-hour work week
instead of the present 40-hour
schedule. It also asked for a So
daily wage increase, a five per
cent employer-flnanced welfare
fund and an employer-paid pen
sion plan. Mr.. Feldman said the
present average weekly wage is
$92.
julius KasS, counsel for the
Association, said some of the de-
mands were economically un-
sound and restrictive.
Evening star., 1953-01-30
Transit Personnel Chief
To Continue Testimony

The Capital Transit Co. per-
Sonnel director was to take the
stand again today to continue
presenting the company'S version
of a dispute before a National
Labor Board trial examiner.
Local 2, Office Employees Inter-
national Union, accuses the COM
pany of unfair labor practices
by refusing to bargain in good
faith on a contract.
j. Godfrey Butler, the per-
sonnel director, testified yester-
day that he had made clear to
the union negotiators that he
would have to check final agree
ments with j. A. B. Broadwater,
president, before the transit
company could become commit
ted to them.
Union representatives stated
earlier that an agreement they
thought needed only typing be-
fore signing had been changed
when the typed copies were CIV
en- them.
Evening star., 1953-01-30
Reds Accused of 'BIockmuiF
InWritingC CopturedFIyer Kin

The Air Force Association said
today the Communists are wag-
ing a war of emotional black
mail" by writing letters to the
next of kin of American flyers
who have been captured in
Korea.
Within a few weeks after an
American flyer is reported miss
ing in action his relatives are
bombarded with letters from
various sources" Association
President Arthur F. Kelly wrote
in the organizations magazine.
These extend the writer's SYM
pathy to the bereaved family and
offer to furnish more informa-
ton about the missing son.
"Often they are accompanied
by clipping from Communist
paper, usually showing a picture
of the son. The letter may come
from China, from Poland, from