davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-12-20

foreign policy, which are bitterly
opposed by these congressional
Taftmen.
The very fact that 1854 is an elec-
ton year will make, it more difficult
for the Republicans. The candidates
in House and Senate will want to
quit early and get on with the cam
paigning. Adjournment could come
by the end of July if they have their
way.
The Must List
Although time may be short, the
legislative must" list will be long.
Much major action was postponed
in the first seSSion-reciprocal trade
agreements revision, Taft-Hartley
amendment, social security extern
sion, for instance. Those bills will
be back to haunt the second session.
A Congressional Quarterly survey
shows that some time during the
coming year, 42 commissions and
study groups will report, most of
them with recommendations for
new legislation in some field or for
notifications of existing programs.
Seventeen of these commissions will
report their recommendations di-
rectly to Congress, and it will be up
to Congress to act. The other groups
Evening star., 1953-12-20

tnan any Otner known disease.
Why?
Was it because people were living
longer and, therefore. long enough
to contract cancer? Were doctors
getting better at the diagnosis of
lung cancer? Were more autopsies
being performed to find out just
what people we're dying Of?
These things were true on inspec-
ton, but statiticians and doctors
still felt the rise was too rapid, too
great. There was something else.
A leading cancer authority here
says there is no doubt that some
thing was introduced 20 or so years
ago which is responsible for the
increase in cancer of the lung"
Cigarette smoke" he continued,
sis a suspect. But so is smog, the
fumes from engines. Various types
of cancer have been experimentally
produced from substances taken
from the air or right from exhaust
pipes.
THE tests of DR.. Graham and
recent statistical evidence showing a
correlation between cigarette smoke
and cancer of the lung can only be
considered as circumstantial evi-
dence."
Smoking Machine
DR.. Graham, the first man to re-
move an entire lung successfully,
has been working for more than two
years with a smoking machine"
that sucks smoke from a cigarette
and passes 1t through a special
filter.
In his experiments, the residue
left by the smoke in the filter is
removed, treated and then painted
repeatedly on the backs of mice.
Then the cancer has appeared.
Cigarette men argue the human
smoker doesn't inhale as much as
the machine. It's not, they say, a
true representation. Some doctors
agree.
Another trouble in attempting to
carry the theory of smoke and lung
cancer over to the human is that
mice, when given a comparable
amount of smoke, invariably die
and not from cancer.
A leading local surgeon, one who
is removing more and more lungs
because of cancer, makes this point:
us it fair to transpose the results
of painting smoke residue on the
skin of mice to the inhalation of
smoke by the human lung?"
The next step in the laboratory,
it appears, will be an attempt to
reproduce the cancer in the lung of
the mouse.
Men who have accused the
cigarette do not consider the pipe
and the cigar in the same category
Pipes and cigars. they say. can be
linked to cancer of the lip and
tongue-but not to lung cancer.
They argue the cigarette smoker
drags in lungful of smoke which
reaches the deep, delicate area of the
lung. Not the cigar and pipe smoker,
however. They don't inhale as
deeply.
Non Smokers Affected
Why is it that lung cancer can
be picked up by a person who doesn't
smoke? One answer is that a nom
smoker inhales enough smoke in
daily life-perhaps at cocktail
parties or at theater intermissions-
to do the damage.
If the cigarette is found guilty,
answers must also be supplied for
the following: Why is it some heavy
smokers never get lung cancer?
Why is it that lung cancer is not
increasing just as rapidly in the
woman as in the man? Whyk is
there a higher incidence Of ID hg
Evening star., 1953-12-20
By John McKeIwoy

That great American institution
the cooler, milder, rounder, longer.
firmer cigarette-was almost tagged
with another adjective, "deadlier,"
last week, but after all the evidence
was in the medical profession, sitting
as a jury, had not reached verdict.
There was plenty of circumstantial
evidence in the record, but proof
positive was lacking.
1t was not proved beyond rea-
sonable doubt that cigarette smoke
is causing cancer of the lung.
The Evidence
The circumstantial evidence pre-
sented was this:
/. In st. Louis, DR.. Evarts A. Gra-
ham and DR.. Ernest L. Wynder
rubbed the backs of mice with tars
produced by cigarette smoke as it
burns. The mice developed a skin
cancer similar to lung cancer in
human beings.
2. DR.. Wydner also had statistics.
He said that studies on 5000
patients in both the United States
and Europe led him to the con-
clusion that "the prolonged and
heavy use of cigarettes increases
up to 20 times the risk of developing
cancer of the lung"
3. About 1900 men in the United
States died of lung cancer in 1928.
1t is estimated 17,400 men died of
the same cause in 1852. The 1858
toll is expected to be about 18,400
men, $500 women. Over roughly the
same period, Americans have trebled
their consumption of cigarettes.
The Comments
The trial produced some COM
ments:
DR.. Alton Ochsner. Tulane Uni
versity surgeon, long foe of the
cigarette, said there is possibility
"that the male population of the
United States will be decimated by
cancer of the lung in another so
yearS-unleSS some steps are taken
to remove the producing
factor in tobacco"
E. Guyler Hammond, director of
statistical research for the Ameri-
can Cancer Society, said there was
no reliable statistical evidence to
prove that cigarette smoking causes
cancer
A spokesman for Old Gold, Kent
and Embassy cigarettes announced:
Even the most biased individuals,
who are among the most widely
quoted, must admit that the evi-
dence produced to date is only sug-
gestive and by no means con-
vincing"
There were repercussions. Shortly
after DR.. Wynder and DR.. Ochsner
spoke in New York, presenting their
case against cigarette smoke, to-
bacco stocks dropped as much as
four points on the New York Stock
Exchange.
Smokers-thoSe who use the chain
method, those who save one for after
dinner, those who don't buy but
bum-probably gazed at their nico-
tine stains and wondered. But there
was no Nationwide "ducking" of
smokes.
Lung Cancer on Rise
While raising quite a haze, the
trial of the cigarette seems to have
accomplished one big and important
thing. It brought widespread atten-
ton to the rapid increase in can
Ger of the lung.
Lung cancer-there is probably
more than one specific form-is
multiplying faster than any other
form of cancer AS a cause of
deaA it is on the increase faster
Evening star., 1953-10-05
Boys Out Of Receiving Home
Tell of Theft to Get Back

Normally, boys want to get out
of the Receiving Home for Chill
dren, but police today told the
story of two boys who wanted to
get in.
The youngsters, aged II and
13, walked into the Thirteenth
Precinct station house shortly
before 10 o'clock last night and
announced they wanted to give
themselves up.
The station clerk, Pvt. John T.
Munnelly, said they told him
they had just broken into a gas
station at 220O Eleventh street
NV. and had stolen 19 cents, a
screw driver and a flashlight.
Pvt. Munnelly- said they then
told him that if he didn't lock
them up and send them to the
Receiving Home they were going
to break into more places.
A police check showed the gas
station had been entered via a
broken window.
The boys were sent to the Re-
ceiving Home, although police
still were at a loss to explain why
they were so anxious to get in.
The 12-year-old had been re-
leased from the Receiving Home
only "A hours earlier. Before his
release, he had been in the home
for two weeks after his arrest on
4 charge Of stealing from autos.
Evening star., 1953-10-05

The 13-year-old had been in the
home only five days and got out
September %.
Baffled by boys who wanted
in instead of out, William j.
Stone, the home superintendent,
questioned them today. The 12-
year-old did most of the talking
and Mr.. Stone got his answer.
He told me he likes it here, "
said Mr.. Stone.
He says everybody is nice to
him. I asked him if he didn't
miss school and he says he likes
the school here better. He says
he has made friends here.
"The other one wasn't en-
thusiaStic. Obviously he was
just following the leader.
What the 12-year-old says
makes us feel pretty good. The
older boys are hard to reach
but we think we have made some
progress with the younger boys
and the girls. 1t took us years
to get a teacher-recreation di-
rector in the budget but it's be-
ginning to show results"
Pleased as he was that the
home was doing more than
simply keeping children con-
fined, Mr.. Stone still paused to
comment reflectively:
IT wonder what that boys
home is like"
Evening star., 1953-10-05
New York-fo-D. {. Bus
Hits Truck, q Injured
By the Associated Press

SWEDESBORO. N. j.. Oct.
5.-TWenty-three persons today
were injured-none seriously
when crowded New York-to-
Washington Greyhound bus
struck the rear of a tractor
trailer truck and overturned on
the New Jersey turnpike, a mile
north of the Swedesboro inter-
change in Gloucester County.
Nine others, including the
driver, escaped injury.
The bus driver, Joseph Con-
merton of Glassboro, N. j., told
State police he was going be-
tween $50 and SIS miles an
hour" He said he saw a truck
in the road ahead of him and
was waiting for another bus
that was passing him to clear
so he could pull out and pass
the truck.
The bus caught the end of the
truck, spilling passengers into
the aiSles as it slid along the
highway on it's side. The dazed
passengers, most of them whom
had been sleeping, were forced
to break windows to escape from
the vehicle. The bus rolled down
an 8-foot embankment, coming
to rest on its side.
The injured were taken to
Underwood Hospital. Woodbury.,
and Cooper Hospital, Camden.
Evening star., 1953-10-05
By Crosby S. Moves

Demands for a sweeping new
program of national defense con-
fronted the administration to-
day in the wake of a grim warn
ing that Russia can devastate
this country with "the most de-
structive weapon ever devised
by man."
The warning came from
Mobilization Director Arthur S.
Flemming who made it clear he
was talking about thermonuclear
weaponS-in other words, the
hydrogen bomb.
In his quarterly report to
President Eisenhower, Mr.. Flem-
ming said Russia can throw H
bombs suddenly and without
warning on chosen targets
in the United States"
Sets Off Violent Reaction.
The statement-which went
we'll beyond any previous official
estimate of Russian capabili-
ties-touched off a violent reac-
ton among congressional leaders.
Chairman Cole of the Joint
Congressional Committee on
Atomic Energy called for an i'm
mediate increase of SO billion
in the defense budget to meet
the H-bomb threat. II don't
find it hard to choose between
financial ruination for my
country and atomic devasta.
Evening star., 1953-10-05
Warren Becomes Chief Justice
As Eisenhower Looks On
Justice Black Pays Tribute to Vinson;
BrowneII Introduced as Attorney General

Senators Knowland and Kuchel
of California plan to present him
with his permanent robe.
Almost an hour before the
court convened, the courtroom
was filled with more than 300
public officials and friends of the
new Chief Justice. The corridor
outside was lined with several
hundred persons who were un-
able to gain admission to the
session, which lasted only 33
minutes.
40 Attorneys Admitted.
The only other business before
the court today was the admis-
sion of 40 attorneys to practice
before the tribunal. One of these,
Assistant Attorney General War;
rem Olney, jr., was sponsored by
Vice President Nixon. The court
then recessed until next Monday
but scheduled a conference later
today, the first of such meetings
to be held daily this week.
Among those seated in a re-
served section to the left of the
Supreme Court bench were Mrs.
Warren, Senator Knowland,
Sherman Adams, the assistant
to the President, and practically
all of the high-ranking officials
in the Office of the Attorney
General and the Solicitor Gen
eral. MI. Brownell, who was
admitted to practice before the
Supreme Court several years
ago. was introduced to the court
as Attorney General by Acting
Solicitor General Robert L.
Stern.
Mr.. Brownell greeted the in
coming Chief Justice and Mrs.
Warren when they arrived at
National Airport last night.
The 62-year-old Californian
chosen by the President for the
Nations highest judicial post
told reporters at the airport that
cit will be something of a re-
lief" to get away from active
politics.
Mrs. Warren, not at all wor-
ried about possible problems of
house hunting here. explained
she decided almost at the last
moment to accompany her hus-
band here so that she could see
him take the oaths of office.
They left Sacramento at 9:33
am. and landed here at $50
o'clock last night. The leave
taking from California was de-
layed a half hour because so
many friends came to see them
off.
Mrs. Warren said she will re-
turn to California within a day
or two ito pack up" Their sons
and daughters will not come
here until some time later.
Evening star., 1953-10-05
Does Junior Want q Match?
Let Him Have 1t the Hard Way

SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. s.
N.A.N.A0-Is junior a potential
firebug? Devil him out of it,
advised DR.. Harry F. Dietrich of
Beverly Hills, Calf, one of the
top authorities in the nation on
accident prevention among chill
dren.
DR.. Dietrich is not in accord
with the many safety authorities
who feel that the thing to do is
to keep matches away from chill
dren.
AS his contribution to fire pre-
vention week, now under way,
DR.. Dietrich suggests that, if you
would cure your four or five-
year-old Of the urge to light
matches-get rid Of the mystery
Evening star., 1953-10-05
u. Stacked Turkey
Beats Red Poland fol
u. n. Council Seat
Eighth Ballot Gives
Victory; New ZeoIond
And BruziI Also Win
By the Associated Press

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y,
Oct. 5.-United States-backed
Turkey beat out Russian-sup-
ported Poland for seat on the
United Nations Security Coun-
Gil today. Victory came on the
eighth ballot.
Brazil and New Zealand were
elected to two other Council
vacancies on the first ballot
without serious opposition.
On the eighth ballot, Turkey
got 40 votes to 19 for Poland.
Balloting in the 60-nation
General Assembly was secret.
Russia demanded that the
U. N. live up to a 1946 gentle
mans agreement" whereby the
Eastern European countries
now all Soviet satellites-were
assured representation. That
bloc ran Poland.
Vishinsky Out of Order.
The United States, which
claimed the agreement was valid
for only one year, put up Tur-
key. The Philippines. backed up
by some Asian-Arab countries,
announced it's own candidacy.
Chief Soviet Delegate, Andrei
Y. Vishinsky took the floor today
to demand that the Assembly
carry out the agreement. When
he referred to Turkeys candi-
dacy, Assembly President Mrs.
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit of India
ruled him out of order, but had a
hard time getting the tough Rus
sian to sit down.
Assembly rules call for no
nomination or electioneering
speeches.
Brazil got Sc votes and New
Zealand, 48.
BallOting on Two at Top.
For the other seat, the first
ballot gave Turkey 80, Poland
18, Philippines II, Czechoslo-
vakia 2, Ecuador 2 and Mexico
one vote. None had the required
two thirds majority.
The Assembly then took a sec
ond ballot confined to the two
top candidates-Turkey and Po-
land.
Turkey got 38 and Poland 20.
Because neither won a two
thirds majority, Mrs. Pandit
called for more.
Third ballot: Turkey, 81; Po-
land, %.
Fourth: Turkey, 36; Poland,
%.
Thrown Wide Open.
Since neither got a two-thirds
majority, Mrs. Pandit threw the
balloting wide open to votes for
any country which is not pres
emily council member. This is
in accordance with Assembly pro-
cedure.
On three open ballots Poland
lost strength. When the seventh
gave Turkey 35 votes, Poland Is
and the Philippines 10, Mrs. Pan
dit again restricted the voting to
the two top candidates.
Evening star., 1953-10-05
Warning of H-Bon1b Threat
Stirs Calls for New Defenses
Cole Urges $40 Billion Bigger Arms Budget
After FIemming Report on Soviet Danger

tion," the New York Republican
said.
At the same time, Senator
Symington, Democrat, of Mis-
souri, struck out at administra-
ton cuts in the Air Force and
military thinking which starts
with a dollar ceiling rather than
with atomic capability."
And Senator jackson, Demo-
crat, of Washington, declared
the American people are more
worried about the state of their
defenses than in balancing the
budget.
"If the Republicans think they
must cut taxes in order to please
the people, they are mistaken" p"
said Senator Jackson, a former
member Of Mr.. Coles committee.
Administration Not Happy.
There were indications, mean
while, that the administration is
not happy about these develop
mentS - and particularly the
clamor for a dramatically in
creased defense budget.
Within few hours of it's re-
lease, Mr.. Flemming took steps
to tone down the impact of his
report. Questioned closely about
his statement concerning Rus
sia's "most destructive weapon, u
he first conceded he was talk
ing about a thermonuclear
rather than an atomic bomb.
But later he said he had not
(See DEFENSE, Page A-3D
Evening star., 1953-10-05
Grand Jury Likely
To Get Findings in
Nursery Home Death
States Attorney Awaits
Dutu on Boy, a, Who
Died in Tukomu Park

A Montgomery County grand
jury probably will hear evidence
in the case of 4-year-old boy
who died under what police de-
scribe as mysterious circum-
stances" in Takoma Park home
Saturday, States Attorney Wal
ter w. Dawson said today.
The boy, Joseph Kelly, son
of Mrs. Nancy Kelly of 1907
More Control Over Nurseries to Be
Sought in Montgomery. Page A-3
Twelfth street NV, was wheeled
into Washington Sanitarium in
a stroller four or five hours after
his death, Takoma Park police
said.
The body was bruised, includ-
ing two head bruises which may
have influenced DEATH" accord
ing to DR.. Frank j. Broschart,
Montgomery County medical
examiner.
Dawson Outlines Action.
Mr.. Dawson said he had not
yet received a formal report in
the case, but that when he does,
he will make a full investigation
and probably present it to a
grand jury.
The body was brought to the
hospital by Mrs. Lois Sparks,
who operates home caring for
"about half a dozen" children
at 7505 Carroll avenue, police
said.
In a preliminary death certifi-
cate, DR.. BroSchart said the child
died from asphyxiation. He said
an autopsy revealed the child
had vomited and apparently the
stomach contents blocked air to
the child's lungs.
DR.. Broschart said the body
was heavily bruised, but that the
bruises other than those on the
head were interesting only be-
cause of their large number.
He said a final certificate
would be withheld pending re-
suits of chemical tests from the
State Department of Health in
Baltimore. He said he does not
expect the tests to reveal any
thing new.
Girls Death Cited.
Last April IL, 4-year-old
Beverly Ann Hall, daughter OF
Mrs. Mary Ann Rakes, was
rushed to Children's Hospital
from the Carroll avenue home
The girl died within two hours
(Cno nov Dona ACN
Evening star., 1953-10-05

and delight by letting him light
them.
Don't harbor them as a mys-
terious pleasure limited to
adults. Give him a big box Of
old-style kitchen matches, plant
him and the matches outdoors,
stand by. and make him light
of them, one by one. Don't let
him stop halfway. Make it a
task-make him light every one
of them, noe by one. Don't let
him stop till he's done all Of
them.
If he lagS, give him q hard
time. Make him do them all
and long before he finishes, ac-
cording to DR.. Dietrich, he will
have lost interest IN lighting
matches.
Evening star., 1953-10-05
78 Is Eisenhower's
Best Score Since His
Return, Visitor Says
BY the Associated Pres,

President Eisenhower told a
White House visitor today his
best golf score since he returned
from Europe Is months ago was
a 78 for 18 holes.
Arthur j. Connell, the new
National Commander of the
American Legion, said Gen.
Eisenhower said he also carded
two 79s during that time. Mr..
Connell said the President did
not tell him where he bagged the
low scores.
Murray Snyder, assistant
White House Press Secretary,
speculated the scores may have
come at the Army's FitzsimmonS
Hospital course in Denver.
Evening star., 1953-10-05
Berru's Double Tops
First-Inning Burst
Against Erskine
Score by innings
Brooklyn 900 0 -
New York 210 0 -
By Burton Hawkins
Sa.r cA.lf

NEW YORK, Oct. 5.-The
Yankees got off to a three-run
lead over the Dodgers as they
tried to clinch an unprecedented
fifth straight championship in
the sixth game of the World
Series at Yankee Stadium today.
After the Dodgers wasted two
first-inning hits off Whitley Ford,
the Yanks scored twice against
Carl Erskine on a walk, Hank
Bauer'S single, Yogi Berra's
double and an error by Junior
Gillian.
In the second inning, the
Yanks added a run on hits by
Phil Rizzuto and Ford and Gene
Weddings fly. After innings
the score was till 80.
FIRST INNING.
BROOKLYN-Gilliam popped
to Collins. Reese singled to left.
Robinson grounded to Martin,
who fell over Reese coming into
second base. Martin thus was
prevented from attempting a
double play and Manager Casey
Stengel of the Yankees protest.
ed that there was interference
on the play. The objection was
overruled. Campanella singled to
center, Robinson stopping at Sec
ond. Hodges lined to Rizzuto.
NEW YORK-Woodling took
ErSkine to a full court, then
walked. Collins went down
swinging. Bauer singled to left,
Woodling stopping at second.
Berra's smash to rightfield
bounded into the boxes for a
ground-rule double, Woodling
scoring and Bauer stopping at
third. Mantle was purposely
passed. filling the bases. Gillian
fumbled Martins hard hit
grounder for an error, Bauer
scoring. Martin was credited
with a run batted in. McDougald
hit into a double play, Cox to
Gillian to Hodges. Two runs.
SECOND INNING.
BROOKLYN-Snider famed.
Furillo popped single into
short rightfield, but when he
attempted to stretch the hit he
was out at second base, Collins
to RiZzuto. Cox famed.
NEW YORK-Rizzuto singled
to left-center. Ford singled to
right, sending Rizzuto. to third.
Woodling flied to Robinson, Riz-
zuto scoring after the catch as
Ford held first. Collins tapped
slow roller to the left of the
mound and beat it out for hit,
but when ErSkine threw wild
past Hodges. both runners moved
up. Bauer walked on four pitches,
filling the bases. Berra flied deep
to Snider. Ford, on third base,
went halfway down the line and
then unaccountably stopped and
started to retreat to third. He
saw Collins coming into third
base and reversed his field, but
became an easy victim of Gill
Hams relay to the plate from
(See WORLD SERIES, Pg. A-O