davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-12-17
By John A. Giles

Defense Department officials
believe that the number OF
American servicemen whose
whereabouts are unknown since
their reported capture by the
Reds in Korea now is "consid-
erably less" than the 944 re-
ported in September.
They are unable to give a
new total. But, an official said
today, the feeling is that many
have died since the original list
was compiled. The fact that
the bulk of the 944 were cap
tured early in the war supports
this view.
The United States presented
the list to the Communist truce
negotiators at Panmunjom. A
strict accounting was demanded.
The Reds replied they held
no record of such number. They
then alleged that the prisoners
must have been killed by the
U. Ms own strategic bombing
operations. Later. they admit
ted they had some 50-odd pris-
oners which they did not list
initially. These have been re-
turned.
The U. N. continued to charge
the Reds were lying. In fact,
this is one Of the points that
contributed to the current break
down in the talks.
Pentagon officials heatedly
deny some reports that they
are seeking some way to make
a IDEAL" with the Communists
and that they have exerted pres
sure to speed a U. N. member
ship for Communist China.
THE only way to get every
one back is at the point of gun. u
an official said. "And the Ameri-
can people wouldn't support re-
sumption Off all-out war"
He recalled the Reds were not
inventing new tactics by failing
to return all POWs. Japanese
prisoners of World War II are
still trickling back and even a
Evening star., 1953-12-17
ThimayYa View on Freeing
P0Ws His Own, India Says
BY The Assoeioted Press

NEW DELHI, Dec. 17.-Offi-
cial sources said today 1t. Gen.
K. S. Thimayya was merely ex-
pressing his personal view when
he told reporters at Panmun-
jom his Indian troops would re-
lease non-repatriated prisoners
January %.
Gen. Thimayya, an Indian. is
chairman of the Neutral Nations
Repatriation Commission.
His press statement coincided
with views expressed by the
United Nations. which maintains
that the armiStice agreement
calls for release of prisoners on
that date. India's Prime Minis
ter Nehru has disagreed and
said the whole problem should
be discussed again in the U. N.
General Assembly before recalci-
trant prisoners are set free.
The official sources said today
the neutral commission is writ
ing both the U. N. and Commu-
mist commands relating the diff
culties Of the situation. These
sources said India's own official
position will not be finally de-
termined until replies have
been received from both Sides"
Evening star., 1953-12-17
BY Gornett D. Homer

Special Ambassador Arthur H.
Dean returns to Washington
tonight to face a delicate diplo-
matte situation arising out OF
the manner he suspended efforts
to arrange a Korean peace con-
ference with the Communists.
Allied diplomats are reported
generally agreed that the Com
munists, by not negotiating in
good faith. had made it futile
for Mr.. Dean to continue the
Panmunjom talks.
But there is a feeling here.
shared by some high State De-
partment officials, that he chose
the wrong issue on which to
break on the negotiations.
Objected to Perfidy Charge.
Mr.. Dean walked out of a
meeting with the Communists at
Panmunjom last Saturday after
they had charged the United
States with perf1dy in allegedly
conniving with South Korea to
release $1,000 anti-Red war
prisoners last June.
Mr.. Dean announced he would
not return to the conference
table until the Communists
make an appropriate retI9ction
or correction Of this insult"
Returning here for consulta-
tionS, he left his chief aide in
the negotiations, Kenneth Young,
in Korea to be on hand for re-
SUMPTION of the talks whenever
the Reds are ready to negotiate
in good faith.
1t was emphasized at the State
Department that this Govern
ment obviously will back up Mr..
Dean and not disavow his walk
out. But at the same time, OFF,
Gals said the United States can
not allow itself to "get stuck
on the position of refusing to
talk with the Communists any
more about a Korean peace con-
ference until they retract the
perfidity charge.
May Drop Demand.
The key to the situation, these
officials said, is that Mr.. Dean
has told the Communists that
he personally would not return
to the talks until there was a
retraction. It is possible that
MIR. Young might be instructed
to resume negotiations whenever
the Communists demonstrate
they are ready to act in good
faith. In other words, Mr.. Deans
insistence on a retraction might
be quietly dropped.
State Department officials be-
lieve all the allies concerned in
the Korea negotiations agree
that Mr.. Dean acted under great
provocation after doing an un-
Evening star., 1953-12-17

that the resolution makes it
sufficiently clear that the con-
sent of both Israel and Syria will
have to be obtained on matters
affecting the demilitarized zone.
Evening star., 1953-12-17
ponomuniun Lumber

A new lumber mill costing
$4,000, to use only native
woods, has started operation on
the Trans-Isthmian highway
near Panama City.
Evening star., 1953-05-31

= Yes, just look around ). you'll
see how FormStone lends dignity
and beauty to the better homes.
Ask your neighbor. FormStone
\ is custom styled. Nationally
Evening star., 1953-05-31

DOACHES and the contains DDT, sodium
IN most difficult household pests Iorde
ocon0 ana tney can De fougnt Effective Months
INTO tne nome at any science Simply brush Johnstons
mas recen!y ROACH wherever
tna NOT only ants verfsh waterbugs
s put ontros craving found around kitchen cabinets
and woodwork
Developed after of window ss and door ss
search NOROACH the coating become
b odorless stainless liquid paralyzd and die within
powerful that application three hours The coating
mains effective for months Best tinue kill
of all, NOROACH may be brushed come
without having to Guard against
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mating powder, k8 89t $69
THE HtcHT co. WOODWARD LoTHRoP sAFEwAY STORES
DISTRICT GROCERY STORES PEOPLES DRUGS FOOD FAIR
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LANSBURGHS PEOPLES HARDWARE WHELANS SEARS
ALSO At YOUR NEGHBoRHooD GROCERY STORE
Distributed BY Washington Wholesale Grocery Co.
ond District Wholesale Drug Cooperation
INSIST ON GENUINE JoHNsTONS No-RoAcH
Evening star., 1953-05-31

accepted! No more painting or
repairs. Weather-resistant and
insulating. First cost is low -.
and it's the last. Just call OIL.
4-22O0 for free estimate on your
home, without obligation.
Evening star., 1953-05-31
II W0S
GRAY-HAIRED
OUT OF ROMANcE!"

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Get KOLOR- -BAK at any drug
counter.
Evening star., 1953-12-20

ment proposed by the Ohio Sen
ator, who attended the confer
ence, intrudes too far on the
powers of the President and the
executive branch of the Gov
eminent.
Postmaster General Summer
field. Chairman Rees of the
House PoStoffice and Civil Serv-
ice Committee, and Philip
Young, chairman of the Civil
Service Commission, were pres
ent to discuss proposals to in
crease postal rates and civil serv-
ice legislation.
Mr.. Rees had no comment
when he left the conference,
declining to say what postal in
creases. had been proposed, if
any. Mr.. Summerfield strongly
advocated certain increases in
mail rates before the last ses-
sion of Congress adjourned, and
the President backed him in
trying to get congressional ac-
ton. The issue was shelved, how
ever, until the coming session
Mr.. Summerf1eld has already
made many economies in the
postal service, cutting millions
of dollars off the postal deficit
He insists, however, that to get
the service out of the red there
must be some rate increases.
Evening star., 1953-12-20
1o Pass Architect
Tests in Virginia
By the Assoelofeo Pres,

CHARLOTTESVILLE, Va, Dec
19,-Nineteen applicants passed
the recent examination for ar
chitects, professional engineers
and land surveyors.
Announcement of the success
full applicants was made today by
David j. Gibson, chairman of the
architectural section of the Vir-
ginia State Board for the exami.
nation and certif1cation of Archi-
tects, Professional Engineers anC
Land Surveyors.
The examinations were giver
at Williamsburg November 80
December l, 2 and 3.
The successful applicants in
cluded:
Annandale-John r. Strong.
Arlington - Thomas w. Sui.
livan.
Charlottesville-Riley B. Mont
gomery, jr., Thomas Raymond
Wyant, jr.
Falls Church-George Truman
Ward.
Front Royal-Olga E. PETERS
Harrisonburg - Joseph Nor
wood Bosserman.
McLean-JoSeph Kerr Fry.
Evening star., 1953-12-20
Commission Of

Presidential Assistant Sher-
man Adams to determine feasi-
bility Of a new White House di-
rective clearing up the situation.
Another alternative being consid-
cred is a statement by President
Eisenhower and the Civil Service
Commission streSsing that career
employees will continue to receive
full job protection rights.
These moves are considered in
terim measures to reassure en-
ployes until the final ruling of
the Court of Appeals and perhaps
even a Supreme Court decision
A d m inis stration officials
strongly emphasize that Federal
career employees have nothing to
fear under the new powers
handed the Eisenhower regime.
They say it is inconceivable
that the administration will use
it's authority whereby it could
transfer civil service status en-
ployes to an excepted nsn-civil
service category and then fire
them.
However. the fact that any ad-
miniStration from now on would
have such powers if it did want
to use them is troubling most
Civil Service Commission officials
as well as Federal employees.
The CSC's and the employe
groups contention and the argu-
ment that presumably will be
offered before the appeals court,
is that civil service job protec-
ton rights are meaningless if
they can be bypassed completely
by transferring an employe to
an excepted category where he
could be fired summarily.
Employees with veterans pref
erence who are in excepted jobs
still have job protection rights.
However, the Justice Department
contends that they are not en-
titled to this job protection and
will seek to test this contention
in a test court case. Thus, vet
Evening star., 1953-12-20
BY the Assoeioted Press

+ About five of every six tax
payers will wind up with a net
gain as a result of two big tax
changes taking effect January
/.
On the gain side, for taXpay-
erS, is an average 10 per cent
reduction in individual income
taxes.
The cut, the first since 1948,
will be felt Immediately by 46
million workers whose income
taxes are deducted from pay
checks. About II million others
will feel it in March 1855, when
they file their 1854 taxes, or
when they make quarterly pay
ments.
On the other side, an increase
in security taxes also will take
effect on the same date-from
is to 2 per cent on incomes up
to $500 annually.
So Billion Loss in Revenue.
This tax, too, will be reflected
Immediately in those little pay
check marks which indicate
payroll withholdings. About 48
million workers are subject to
social security withholding taxes.
What about the net effect of
the two changes? Overall, the in
come tax reduction will mean an
annual revenue loss of about So
billion. The social security in
crease will be almost half that
amount.
Except for individual tax
payers, there are varying results.
Generally speaking, the workers
who pay the least in income
taXes-because of low incomes or
large number of dependents
will take a loss in take-home pay.
Their social security increase
will more than offset their in
come tax decrease. Rough esti-
mates are that more than 10 mil
lion taxpayers fall in this cate
CORY. while about so million will
benefit from the change.
"Break-Even" Point Cited.
Congressional staff experts
have worked out table showing
that the "break-even" point -
where the two changes almost
offset each other-is as follows:
For a single man with no de-
pendentS, about 5000 annual in
come.
For married couple with no
dependents, $1,000.
For a married couple with one
dependent, $2,700.
For married couple with two
dependents, $4,000.
For a married couple with
three dependents, $4,000.
In most cases, taxpayer max
! ing below these amounts will
take a loss in take-home pay
Evening star., 1953-12-20
Legislation
Continued From First Page.


gone thoroughly into the pro-
gram. I predict that the people
will be delighted when they have
the program wholly before them,
and that the program will be
enacted"
Senator KnoWland said that
the President will "have a CO.
ordinated team" with which to
go forward toward the adoption
of the program.
Talks Hailed as Success.
Senator Ferguson said that
the success of the conference
means that "the legislative and
the executive will work closely
together on a real program. 1t is
one the people can well afford,
and it will be passed"
Mr.: Arends expressed the
opinion that the conferences had
been a great success and ex-
tremely worth while. He looked
for unity on the part of the Re-
publicans in support of the pro-
gram,
The store that the President
sets on this program has been
demonstrated by the buildup,
both before and during the three
days of conferences. He plans
to go to the people in support
of the. broad principles of the
program in a broadcast to be
delivered by him January 4.
1t became clear during. the
three days of conferences that
Gen. Eisenhower has reserved to
himself the right to spell out the
program-although he may mod
ify some of the details in the
light of what he has learned from
his discussions with the con-
gressional leaders.
No attempt was made to write
finally any part of the program
during the conferences, although
some of it has already been put
in concrete and final shape by
the President and his aides. The
legislators came away with a
strong impression the President
intends to fight strongly for the
adoption and enactment of the
program at the coming session
of Congress. He has described the
program as an umbrella" under
which all the Republican con-
gressional candidates may stand
in the 1854 campaign.
Mccarthy LaudS Eisenhower.
Under exhortation by the
President, the congressional
leaders and committee chairmen
who took part in the conferences
remained silent regarding the
contents and the details of the
program. Two things only were
developed-and they were con-
Evening star., 1953-12-20
S Out of 6 Toxpoyers to Gain
In January I Tax Changes

+ if they are subject to the social
security tax.
Revenue figures show that al
most Is million persons filed re-
turns in 1850 under those "break-
even" points. But many of these
may not be paying social secur-
ity taxes. which cover only
about IS per cent of the work.
ing force.
For example, there were 512
million single persons filing re-
turns showing income under
81 900.
Withholding Rate Cut go.
The income tax cut follows
two increases voted after the
Korean war started. Legally, it
merely cancels the second in
crease, imposed in 1851. So tax
payers still will be paying more
than they did in 1949.
The payroll withholding rate
will be reduced from 20 per cent
to 18 per cent of income, after
allowing exemptions for the tax
payer and each dependent.
Percentagewise, all persons
whose incomes are too low to
pay income taxes, but who are
subject to the social security tax,
will take a 33 per cent increase
in their tax bill.
For a single person with no
dependents the net result of both
changes is an increase of 16 per
cent in the tax bill at $500 in
come. Then it shifts to a two
per cent net decline in the tax
bill at $1,000 income, 7.8 per
cent tax cut at $4,000 income,
81 cut at $40, 900, and back down
to a As per cent cut at 100000.
For a married couple with two
dependents, there is a rs per
cent tax increase at $4,000 in
come. 90 per cent tax decline
at $4,000, an 81 per cent cut at
$4,000, and a 7.8 per cent cut
at 100000.
These are net income figures,
before taking out for exemptions,
and assuming non-busineSs de-
ductlons of 10 per cent.
Evening star., 1953-12-20

tanned in the daily statements
made by the President himself.
They are (a) that the President
and the legislators all agreed
that the 10 per cent across the
board reduction in personal in
come taxes and the elimination
of the excess profits taxes on
corporations shall go into effect
January /, as now provided by
law and (b) that further large
cuts in Government expenditures
will be made
| Senator Mccarthy of Wiscon-
sin, stormy petrol of the Repub-
lican Congress, praised Gen. Eli
SenhoWer for the manner in
which the President had handled
the conferences. When Senator
Mccarthy left the White House.
where he had gone as chairman
of the Senate investigating SUBJ
committee to take part in the
discussion of how to strengthen
laws for roofing out subversives,
he said he wasn't diSpleaSed at
anything he had heard. He would
not say whether he had talked
privately with the President or
whether he had made any sug-
geStions of his own. Later, how
ever, he telephoned the White
House press room the following
statement:
This is the first time I have
had an opportunity to watch the
President in action over a period
Of time. I was tremendously i'm
| pressed by his handling of the
conference and his detailed
knowledge of every subject or
piece of proposed legislation that
was discussed
BrOwnell Takes Part.
Senator McCarthy's statement
came less than "a hours after
Senator Smith, Republican, of
New Jersey, said that it was time
for Senator Mccarthy "to get on
the team"
Representative Velde, Repub-
lican, of Illinois, chairman of
the House Un-American Activ-
tiles Committee, and Attorney
General Brownell, took part in
the discussions of the laws to
deal with SubverSives.
When Mr.. Velde left the White
House he said there was evidence
of the highest type of co-opera-
ton. He called the discussions
very congenial." He withheld
Judgment on whether he would
like to see wire tapping legalized
in limited way until he sees
what kind of bill is presented.
Other topics discussed at yes
terday'S conference included the
Bricker constitutional amend
ment to prevent the Government
from making treaties that run
counter to domestic law. It has
been contended by Secretary of
State Dulles that the amend
Evening star., 1953-12-20
BY the Assoeiofed Press

This is the tert of President
EiSenhoaUer'S statement at the
conclusion yesterday OF his
three-day Legislative confer
ence tUith Republican congress
Siondl leaders:
For three days, I have dis
cussed with the congressional
leaders and with the chairmen
of the standing committees of
the Senate and the House the
legislative program which I
propose to submit to the
Congress in January.
We have made much prog
resS at these conferences. The
executive branch of the Gov
ernment, the congressional
leaders and the committee
chairmen will cooperate fully
in carrying out this program.
AS a result, I know that the
people OF this country Will see
the Republican Party continu-
ing to enact progressive pro-
grams serving the welfare of
all 100 million Americans.
During our discussions, rep
reSentatives of the executive
branch of the Government
Cabinet officers and heads of
important agencieS-outlined
certain phases of the program
to be presented in January
and reviewed the accomplish
mentS of the administration
during this past year.
We covered a wide range
of topics-although not all
inclusive of the recommended
tions that I shall submit to
the Congress. These topics
were fully discussed. In virtu-
Evening star., 1953-12-20

Grams, too, have a vital stake in
the whole problem.
X 4
COMPLICATIONS - Judge
Keech's ruling that employees lose
their civil service job protection
rights when transferred to ex-
cepted Schedule A or c jobs will
mean, if upheld, that Govern
ment RIFF regulations and rehir-
ing regulations will have to be
changed. This could lead to many
headaches, csc officials declared.
Employees IN excepted jobs who
previously secured status in the
position have always had top
retention rights in reduction-in
force programs. Under the Roth
case decision, however. they
would not have such rights and
the RIFF regulations would have
to be changed.
This also poses a problem as
to whether employees who were
dismissed in economy programs
now have the right to petition
the csc for unemployment on
the grounds that they were ille-
gally bumped" by the career
! lists in excepted jobs.
Also, the csc must consider
in light of the cburt's ruling
whether careerists who held ex-
cepted jobs should be eligible
for the separated careerists pro-
gram, which seeks to find new
Government jobs for jobless ca
reer workers.
It's certain that there will be
a move in Congress to protect
civil service rights through leg
islation if the situation isn't COR
rected. Representative Celler,
Democrat, of New York. and
Senator Morse, Independent, of
Oregon. already have announced
they will sponsor legislation to
provide civil service job protec-
ton rights to Federal employees.
Read the Federal Spotlight
column sir days a lUeek in The
Star and listen to Joseph
( Young's radio edition of the
I Federal Spotlight each Satur-
day night at 7::30 o'clock oUer
/ WMAL.l
Evening star., 1953-12-20
Eisenhower Gives Summary
Of 3-Doy Legislative Talks

ally every instance. it was
agreed by all to press for their
enactment by the Congress.
The fundamental principles
that have guided the admin
instration in the development
of the program can be stated
simply:
The program will be based,
in principle and in philosophy.
on the 1852 Republican plat
form. In that platform, the
party pledged itself to carry
out certain obligations to. the
American people and to the
community of free nations.
If we are to continue to de-
serve public support, we must
live upN to these declared
pledges and bring to our peo-
pie a sound, constructive and
comprehensive program which
will:
/. Use as a measure of every
element of American foreign
policy the one simple rule:
does it advance the interests
of America? In that vein, it
is clear that we must continue
to strengthen the unity of the
free world to resist Communist
aggression.
2. Present a domestic pro-
gram that will give our peo-
pie a guarantee that they can
depend on this administration
to protect the security, the
welfare, and the economic
stability of each individual
citizen.
The program will soon be
ready for presentation to the
Congress. I am confident that
it will be supported by the
great majority of ollr citizens.
Evening star., 1953-12-20
The Weather Here and Over the Nation

District and vicinity-Some
cloudinesS and warmer with high
about 48 today Mostly cloudy
tonight. low about 38. Tomorrow
mostly cloudy and mild with
some possibility of rain.
Maryland and Virginia-Some
cloudiness and warmer with high
near so today. Tomorrow. mostly
cloudy and mild with possible
rain,
Evening star., 1953-12-20
Einuudis Wed so Years

ROME, Dec. 19 (P).--Italy's
79-year-old president, Luigi Elm
audi, and his wife celebrated
their 50th wedding anniversary
today. Among scores of callers
was Prime Minister Giuseppe
Pella. Pope Plus sent greetings.
Evening star., 1953-12-20
Population Of Tokyo
Climbs to 7,46o,538
BY the Associated Press

TOKYO, Dec. 19.-The popu-
lation of Tokyo climbed to
1859, 1888 persons as of November
l, Kyodo News Service said to-
day. This is an increase of 49,
982 over the corresponding period
last year.
Tokyo still is the worlds third
largest city, behind London with
population of 8,346.137 and
New York with 7,891,957.
Evening star., 1953-12-20


ficialS say
they W oul d
h a v e t o
change reduc-
ton : in force
rules as well
as re h ir ing
re g VI a tionS
and the op-
Grafton of its
separated Ca
reer employe
program.
Ch q irman
Philip Young
has been con-
ferring with
Evening star., 1953-12-20

Record Temperatures This Year.
Highest 100 on Aug 81 and Sept
Lowest. II. on December IS.
High and Low Of Last "a HOurS.
High 3S, at $3.50 pm
Low, Is, at 7:05 am.