davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-02-18
CHEVY CHASE.

Dear Sir:
ST like to dream Of the coming OF
spring, and write poems about 1t. but
for the present am thinking about the
birds and how much enjoy them.
People talk about books, and music.
and art. and pay a lot Of money for
them. but it seems to me that I get
as much enjoyment out of the birds
without paying cent.
IT do not even feed the birds. ] think
they must be able to get enough food
in nature, and still now and then ] put
out bread, and I know other people
who feed them all the time: so I guess
they must get enough to eat.
''I find that get music from the
birds, as well as stories. and certainly
they are as artistic as anything people
can create by writing or composing or
painting.
''The other day I looked out Of the
window and watched moving picture
Of sparrows fighting each other over
some bread.
"I watched them fly in, jostle each
other, one after another taking turn
at the food, and it seemed to me that
this was real motion picture. the only
trouble with it was that it made me
dizzy watching.
so / turned to blue jay that had
come to join the fray, and he surely
was a picture no artist could paint,
at least I have never seen really good
painting Of jay.
''There in my yard suddenly was Q
red cardinal.
''What . bird he Isl do not think
Evening star., 1953-02-18
This and That
BY Charles E. Trocewen

any foreign nation has such q bird.
I have talked to many persons from
abroad, and they all unite In saying
they have no such bird as this redbird.
HE is q beautiful thing. am proud
to be q resident of the same country
with him. like his mate, too; she Is
beautiful and much given to chasing
other birds,
"There was little brown bird. I think
it must be creeper. have heard Of
such bird, and read about it, and
am sure that this Is q creeper.
II like to watch the birds at break
fast, but best just before dinner. My
mother taught me this trick, to watch
the late birds, as she calls them.
1.-THE latest one is the cardinal again.
He comes for few bits after all the
others have left. I believe the plain
sparrows leave early out our way, but
do not know If they do so everywhere.
"There are Sparrows that come,
though, and these must be the song
sparrows, although they never sing.
There also is another sparrow, with
stripes on its head. that comes even
later than the song sparrow. and he
jumps back and forward as he eats.
! am one of those terrible teen-agers
you wrote about. so you see am per-
haps not so terrible after all.
Yours truly, JANE l."
F
The --latest" sparrow was the white
throated sparrow.
This is one Of our best. It Is q trib-
ute to him that he gets along 30 wen
with the plain or common sparrows.
The white-throat's throat IL not
exactly white but rather. q very pale
Evening star., 1953-02-18
POnderer.

gray. The stripes on his head are
whittier than the white of his throat.
He Is wonderful small bird.
The white throat, as he Is usually
called by those interested In bird life,
never disputes food supplies with the
English sparTows, but allows them to
eat at will.
At first this might seem to lessen his
feed take" and no doubt 1t does Of
foods put out especially for birds.
It does not, however, prevent him
from getting natures foods. which are
the best for him after all.
This letter shows how one may be-
come interested In nature at home. and
have whole show all to ones self
without paying cent II one does not
wish to do so.
It is not necessary to have expensive
binoculars, or even bird books. to watch
the birds and enjoy their beauty and
movements.
What is needed, Of course, Is what
our young correspondent seems to have,
an interested mind, q good heart, and
little common sense.
He or she who has these, at any age,
Is Jump ahead Of many persons who
have permitted the restraints and urges
of this. our life, to cause them to be-
come peevish. upset, frustrated, Ill at
ease in their own world. The world of
birds daily reproves the world Of human
beings. It seems to say: what on
earth is the matter with you human
beings, who know so much more
than we do, and vet have 50 little salts
faction out Of it? Can 1t be that your
very knowing Is wrong, and our not
knowing is right2"
Evening star., 1953-02-18

to leave shortly from the south OF
France, it win be one Of the most COM
prehensive and best-equipped oceano-
graphic expeditions Of modern times.
Capt. CouSteau has recently appeared
on American television, and his book,
''The Silent World" has been brought
out by an American publisher. The
United States Navy has shown keen
interest in his work, and. has invited
him to demonstrate his methods and
equipment to its own underwater Spe-
cialists.
Cousteau and Gagnan tested the first
aqualung in the River Marne outside
Of Paris under the noses Of German
occupation troops. Thinking Capt.
Cousteau and his friends Philippe Tail
liez and Frederic Dumas merely slightly
harebrained SportSmen. occupation
troops also let them dive in the Med
iterranean during the war years, al
though italian sentries shot at them if
they ventured too far offshore.
AS Capt. Cousteau is first to point
out, aqualungS are not suitable for mil
itary use. as they leave train Of bub-
bleS to mark the divers presence. They
are, however, safer than oxygen equip
ment, as there is no danger of poisoning
unless the diver goes below safety limits.
There have been two fatal accidents
Evening star., 1953-02-18
Affirmation

When you are gone and am gone,
When gone are all trlso liue today.
Still tciu the young spring come again:
stu tpil the apple blossoms spray
Their pink and i0kite against the sky:
Still tDiH the trees faint, tender green
Gipe promise OF rich shade to come.
Stll aDiu the chants of birds unseen
ADGke TN hearts that UiI come after,
The joy OF Life-ot LoUe--ot LGu0hterl
So as the Winters dark giUes ground
Before the bright assault OF spring.
Let tinlid heart throw OF its fear
For iDhGt the future years nsGy bring.
And brGped by Natures hearteninO nod,
Entrust tonlorTop's tDorld to God!
lno Singleton StovoII
Evening star., 1953-02-18
High Bruss' and Congress

Instead Of getting excited about the
excessive number Of high brass in the
armed services, the overdue reform the
Congressional Armed Services Com
mittees really should bring about is an
equitable system Of promotion for
officers to the highest grades, such as
the various grades Of general. the lack
Of which has caused bitter injustice.
# the United States really were q
democracy, these grades would be
equally available to every officer. auto
matically. rather than by selection.
Any one who has any elemental
knowledge Of human nature knows that
selection never works fairly, with the
result that capable officers who have
put in 35 years or more of efficient,
faithful and hard work and sacrifice,
Evening star., 1953-02-18
Mysterious Depths Of Sea

a MAN WHO has revolutionized div
Aing, Capt. Jacques Cousteau Of the
French Navy, has come to Washington
to lecture to members Of the National
Geographic Society Friday on his ex-
perienceS beneath the water.
Capt. CouSteauS mpliShments in
the strange world Of the depths have
been made possible by the aqualung, q
breathing apparatus that makes it pos
sible for the diver to swim freely like
fish, independent Of all connections
to the surface Of the water.
Capt. Cousteau was co-inventor, with
Emile Gagnan Of Paris, Of the aqua
lung. It Is q device that feeds COM
pressed air to the diver through an
ingenious demand valve that automati-
cally keeps the pressure within the
mans body equal to that Of the sea in
which he swims, no matter what the
depths.
The air is carried In tanks on the
divers back. Lead weights help keep
the "fish man" at whatever depth he
elects. Rubber flippers on his feet give
him extra swimming power. while q
watertight mask enables him to see
clearly. II the water Is cold, he wears
q sponge rubber suit.
Although Capt. Cousteau and his
colleagues have been able to use the
aqualung freely only since the close Of
World War II, they have already gained
worldwide renown for their exploits.
BY locating a Sunken barge filled with
Nazi magnetic mines. they may have
saved the French port Of Toulon from
a major disaster.
They have learned that sharks, while
they can never be completely trusted,
are no grave menace even to naked
man as long as the man is well beneath
the surface in zone where the shark
does not normally find his natural food.
Sharks, says Capt. Cousteau. generally
retreat from the aqualung diver and
his train Of noisy bubbles.
The octopus, Capt. Cousteau has
learned, is not a dangerous monster
Of the Deep" but timid creature
which can be teased into such state
of shock it will perform a grotesque
llnderSea dance with ventureSome
diver. At the same time, Capt. Cousteau
says he has not met the giant squid
of the depths beyond the aqualung'S
present limit of some 800 feet, and does
not know what the sQuid might do to
q man.
First result Of the captains post
war diving was a series of underwater
movies which were widely shown in
American theaters. In this country, the
National Geographic Magazine pio-
neered when it published his first ar
ticle, illustrated with the first good
color photographs taken beneath the
sea, in its October, 1852, issue.
AS the article appeared, the National
Geographic Society announced its
sponsorship of Capt. Cousteauis pro-
jected four-year oceanographic expedi-
tion around the world In the converted
American minesweeper Calypso. Due
Evening star., 1953-02-18
First Press Conference

There Is nothing In the foreign.policy phase
Of General Eisenhower's first press conference
which will lose any battles In the psychological
war;
The President said he has not discovered
any secret agreements. He feels it Is necessary,
however, that this Government make clear that
never has the heart of the American people
agreed to the enslavement Of any people. This
will be made clear at the proper time with some
kind Of pronouncement that can leave no doubt
as to exactly what 1t says.
Is the President considering recommending
an embargo or blockade of any kind against
shipments to Red China? That has not been
discussed with him, except through the press.
No study has been brought up to him. so the
answer Is that he has no answer.
A reporter wanted to know whether he, the
reporter, had correctly understood this answer.
The President repeated that the matter had not
been brought up to him officially. Naturally,
he discusses these things with great many
people, but no study has been made In the
proper sections Of the Government A uues-
toner asked If this meant that such things as
an embargo and blockade are under conSidera-
ton, but not by the President. They are under
consideration, General Eisenhower replied, but
not by him. He did not say by whom they are
being considered.
Perhaps the Communists can make some
tAing out of this, If so, they are welcome to it.
Meanwhile, from this distance the impression Is
that the President is not a novice in the
ancient political art of using quite few words
to say very little.
Evening star., 1953-02-18
Federation and Central Africa

Together With the people OF the three
regions involved, the British Parliament now
has before it final" plan for bringing into
existence the long discussed Central African
Federation. However, although there is
great deal to be said in favor of it, the project
faces tough going and seems to have only a
slight chance of becoming reality within the
foreseeable future.
AS set forth in the plan, the proposed fed
Grafton would be made up of Southern Rhodesia,
Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland. Southern
Rhodesia, which is about the size of California,
is a self-governing colony with population Of
10000 Europeans and 100000 Africans North
ern Rhodesia which is almost twice as big in
area, is a protectorate with population of
$4,000 Europeans and 900 Africans. Nyasa-
land, which is roughly as large as Indiana, Is
another protectorate with a population Of
$3.50 Europeans and 234O000 Africans.
Advocates Of federation argue that none
of these territories is equipped to stand on its
own feet economically, but that the three to-
gether-given a common constitution and q
central government tied in closely with Britain
would effectively complement each other and
constitute potentially wealthy area to which
foreign capital would be attracted for invest
ment purposes. According to the plans sup
porters, such investment is indispensable to the
development of Central Africa's largely un-
tapped resources but it will not be forthcoming
unless and until the regions federate.
This point of view makes q lot Of sense but
there is some reason to doubt that it will prevail
when the project is submitted to the vote OF the
legislatures in Northern Rhodesia and NyaSa-
land and of the predominantly white electorate
in Southern RhodeSia. The doubt exists not
only because there is considerable opposition
to the idea among some elements Of the Euro
pean minorities involved, but also because Of
rather widespread feeling among the natives
that the plan is not in their interest. Indeed,
although invited to do so, African representa-
tives declined to take part in the recent London
conference that drew up the plan.
In spite of all this, however, the proposed
federation certainly promises more than the
present setup- economically, politically and
otherwise. If that fact sinks in among the
various groups involved, then the project may
win sufficient support to be put into effect.
Failing that, as the British government has
declared, the whole idea will be put in cold
storage for long time to come, with nobody
likely to gain much from the inaction.
Evening star., 1953-02-18

in the Cousteau organization. Both
were due to excessively deep dives,
during which the victims became dizzy
with rapture of the depths" s"-narcosis
caused by too much nitrogen and car
bon dioxide in the blood-and lost the
critical Judgment that could have
brought them back to safety.
Capt. Cousteau himself was nearly
killed during a dive into deep spring
in the interior Of France. His bottled
air had been inadvertently contami-
mated by carbon monoxide from the
exhaust Of the gasoline driven COM
pressor engine.
Capt. Cousteau, whose work In the
French wartime underground earned
him the rank Of commander In the
Legion Of Honor. has found treasure
beneath the waves but not pirate gold
and gems. Diving of the TuniSian
coast, he brought UP ancient Greek
temple columns and relics.
They came from a Roman ship, sunk
during storm, in which the dictator
Sulla was transporting home loot from
the sack of Athens. The French expert
will do more submarine archaeological
exploration, but hopes he never runs
across pirate treasure.
Find some, and you spend the rest
Of your days in lawsuits" he says.
Evening star., 1953-02-18
End Of Living on Fat

It doesn't take 1000 words to tell
that the country Is worse OF than it
was IS years ago.
The standard Of living now is lower
than it was in the first three decades
of this century. While mechanical I'M
provements are as useful and as nu-
merous as ever, it is in the three basic
fundamentals Of living-food, clothing
and housing-that the lower standard
is most noticeable. In food, for exam
pie, people now are eating oleo in place
of butter, pressed meat scraps and ham
burg instead Of slabs Of roast beer,
lamb and pork, as the most UNDER
privileged did In the 1920s. In housing,
people now are living In rooms the size
Of closets 20 years ago. In clothing.
synthetics and odds and ends are being
worn instead Of suits Of linen, cotton,
silk or wool.
While it is true that most people,
including wives, are working, much OF
their effort is spent In making things
of destruction instead Of construction,
and the whole prosperity of the past
20 years has been sustained by the
u1CdIlO VI AAA4A0VAOAs <AAAy AAASAA
school student Of economics knows that
the country can be kept on full work.
ing basis by means Of imitation. that Is.
the Government spending more than it
taxes. The national debt has increased
thirteenfold in the past 20 years.
Should the debt continue to increase
at this rate, by 1878 1t would be over
three trillion dollars, autos would sell
for $4,000 each, and smaller candy
bars for a quarter. SO far this fiscal
year, the country has gone over $40 bill
lion in the red.
It was not only through imitation that
the Roosevelt Truman regime made
possible job for everybody, with SEEM
ing prosperity. Like all Communist
fiscal policies. the past 20 years has seen
the decline of our real capital assets
and an increase Of hand-to-mouth liv-
ing. Our roads, schools, other public
buildings, as well as postof1ce equip
ment, are in worse condition than 20
years ago because no effort has been
Evening star., 1953-02-18
A Sheer Necessity

President Eisenhower Is entirely right in
saying that it is sheer necessity that there
be a balanced budget before we are again on
safe ground in our economy. He has made
clear before, and he did so again in his first
press conference that In his opinion the proper
approach to this objective should be, first,
through a review and control Of Federal ex-
penditures and, second, through such tax re-
duction as can then be affected.
In taking this position, the President did
not attempt to dictate to the Congress-in fact,
he applauded the congressional efforts to seek
tax reduction. He cautioned, however, that
hasty reduction in revenues before the deficit
is eliminated from the budget can contribute
to imitation and a resulting need for later tax
increases.
Fundamentally, there is no difference in
objective within the administration. The goal
Is balanced budget with reduction In Govern
ment expenditures and in taxes. Only the
sequence of actions by which this goal can be
reached is at issue.
BY present law, the corporate excess profits
tax would expire on June 80 and individual
income tax rates would drop by about 10 per
cent on December 81. The bill sponsored by
Chairman Reed of the House Ways and Means
Committee would ease the individual rates on
June 80 also. Other Republican congressional
leaders have suggested the excess prontS TAX pe
extended to the end of the year, or that some
other date be fixed for simultaneous reduction
of the two levies.
Review of the budget and preparation of
the new appropriation bills are now under way.
These tasks should be completed before June 80,
with sufficient time available to legislate tax
reductions effective as of that date, or some
later date. The revenue needs would then be
clearly diScernible and the tax adjustments
could be made to assure the desired budget
balancing. This clearly is the only rational
approach.
Evening star., 1953-02-18

morale of the service is being destroyed. The
real question is whether Mr.. Matson told the
truth when he testified about the missing re-
port and whether his change of assignment was
q reprisal for having told the truth.
Senator Mccarthy has fired many wild
and reckless shot at the State Department in
times past. In this instance, however, he is fully
justified in demanding answers concerning the
missing report and the alleged reprisal And the
cry Of destroyed morale" certainly is not an
answer.
Evening star., 1953-02-18
lntearotion at Howurd


The coming decision Of the Supreme
Court on the question of segregated
public schools in the District may have
far-reaching effects on the life Of the
community.
It Is difficult to refute the contention
Of the colored lawyers that segregation
in the schools is inimical to the princi-
Piles on which this country was founded.
But, with the best will In the world
toward our colored citizens, an i'm
portant question is, "Will integration
work?"
This writer has been informed that
Howard University was founded some
years ago by Congress and that 1t was,
and still Is. supported largely by Fed
eral funds as an integrated white and
colored school.
At first catering to approximately
equal numbers Of white and colored
students, Howard has gradually become
predominantly colored, so much so in
fact that nine out Of 10 people in the
District think that it Is actually q
colored institution.
Does not the experiment In integra-
ton at Howard indicate that forced
integration in public schools in the
District will result In all public schools
becoming essentially colored, with most
white people, at considerable financial
sacrifice. sending their children to pri-
vate white schools. in addition to pay
ing taxes to support essentially colored
public schools?
Should not the Supreme Court con-
slider carefully the experiment at How
are before it comes to decision on
integrating all the public schools in the
District?
POndereF
Evening star., 1953-02-18
Wipe Out Toriffs, Too

Secretary Benson's proposal to get
the Government out Of agricultural
pricing seems sound and progressive.
Now logically follows similar step in
the industrial field: Why not abandon
Government maintenance, through tar
IFS, Of artihcially high prices on manu-
factured goods? In the few cases where
such action might threaten industries
with harm. the Government could aid
them in adjusting to the new circum-
stances.
It is fine that free enterprise and the
consumer seem by way Of getting q
break!
Free Enterpriser.
Evening star., 1953-02-18
Letters to The Star !.

made toward SUFFICIENT new construc-
ton or upkeep Of old facilities. In other
words. we have been living OF the fat
Of the land accumulated before 1880.
It is to be hoped that the new ad-
ministration will put us back on the
capitalistic system of saving and OPP
Grating within income that has made
the nation strong. That is the hard
way we followed from 1880 to 1890: and,
as with an inebriate. it probably viii be
hard for us to sober UP.
Evening star., 1953-02-18
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.


@. Where is Thomas Paine buriedf
B. v. A.
A. After his death on June 8. 1909.
Paine was buried on his New Rochelle
farm because burial in consecrated
ground was denied him as an infldel.
Ten years later the body was removed
by william Cobbett, an English journ-
alist, for re-interment to atone for
earlier attacks on Paine. The plan for
a monument did not succeed, however.
and after Cobbett's death in 1885 the
remains were sold to q furniture dealer.
and no one knows what finally became
Of them.
@. Does the moon ever shine during
the long winter at the poles? r. G.
A. Seen from the pole, the moon
when it first appears will move nearly
parallel with the horizon. slowly as
cending. In about week it will reach
its greatest elevation, when 1t will be-
gin to descend. disappearing below the
horizon about the end Of the second
week. In two weeks more 1t will re-
appear In the horizon and repeat the
motions described.
@. Is Imogene Coca Of Spanish de-
scent? r. G..
A. Her father was Of Spanish descent:
her mother Irish.
Evening star., 1953-02-18

shouldering heavy responsibilities and
risking their lives In war time, never
are given this reward for their sub
stantial service to their country, simply
because they do not know the right"
people. This really is the Outrageous"
thing about high brass, and it is time
Congress did something about 1t.
M. A. F.
Evening star., 1953-02-18
Questions and Answers

The stars readers can get the answer to any
question Of fact BY either writing The Evening
Star Information Bureau. 1900 street N.W..
Wasnnetsor q r. ~ p stsrnS s7sSS
Evening star., 1953-02-18

Pen-nd1nes may be used If letters carry
aDrtters' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1953-02-21

The Sunday School was opened
at the usual hour with the sup
erintendent, James Cauley pre-
siding. Rev. Cathright, our assis'
tant pastor, delivered a message
full of information and inspira-
ton.
The BTU met at the usual hour
with Brother Stanfield presiding
At the 700 pm. service, Rev.
Cathright delivered another Won
derful message from ST. Luke ll:2
and ST. Matthew 6:6, subject,
Prayer"
Visitors are always welcome to
come and worship with us at st.
Luke Baptist Church, 1909 NV
9th ave.
Rev. p. W. Williams, pastor
Mrs. Evelyn Davis, reporter