davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-07

and engineers. The nations schools
of engineering did not graduate
half of the engineers last June
that it currently needs. DR.. Down
ing pointed out that the schools
turned out $4,000 graduates in en-
cheering to supply a demand for
10000.
About half of these graduates
went into the armed services
leaving almost five jobs in civilian
community for each available grad
uate. These summations were fur
ther verified by number of other
experts who spoke before the con-
ference on various aspects Of q
series of workshop meetings de
voted to the general conference
theme.
The conference adopted resolu-
tions stressing the need of more
engineering training programs in
its member institutions, greater
cooperation between secondary
schools and these institutions to
assure better prepared high
school graduate to assume techni-
cal training, and asking that the
U. S. Office of Education discon-
tinue the designation of colleges,
universities and other institutions
Of training by race in its various
educational directories.
DR.. Robert P. Daniel. president.
Virginia State College, Petersburg,
was elected president of the Con-
ference succeeding DR.. r. E. Glenn
ent of Atlanta University, Atlanta.
President B. c. Turner. South Caro-
lima State College. Orangeburg. is
the new conference vice president.
Other officers of the organiza-
ton are Dir. F. D. Bluford, North
Carolina A. and T. College, Green's
boro, chairman of the executive
committee; DR.. R. B. Atwood, Ken
lucky State College, Frankfort.
secretary; DR.. G. V. Troup, Fort
Valley State College, Georiia, as
slstant secretary, and DR.. FELTON,
&. Clark, Southern University,
Baton Rouge, La, treasurer.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-07
pay" the Governor said.

pay" the Governor said.
The State of Mississippi, the
Governor said has the moral obli-
cation to raise and equalize the
'evel of education for all children
N Mississippi regardless of race
or color.
While the Joint Session of the
Extra Ordinary Session of the
State Legislature was assembled
for its opening session in order to
hear the message from Governor
White at the Lynch Street Col
ored NJ h odist Church, a
conference of Negro Leaders
was being held to "crystallize
opinion concerning the education
al out look in the state. Accord
ing to reports some 279 men and
women widely know throughout
the state in various fields of en-
deavor, who represented organi-
cations with a combined total of
SOC, 1000 members attended the con-
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-07
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1868

Washington Ethical Society, the
Education Committee of the Wash
ington Urban League, Joint So
cial Order Committee of the
Friends Meetings of Washington,
Washington Chapter of the Uniter-
ian Fellowship for Social Justice,
the Washington Chapter and of
the commission Of law and action
of American Jewish Congress, the
japanese American Citizen League.
Still other organizations signing
the letter were Washington Chap
ter Of the American for Demo
cratic Action, the Potomac Coon
erative Federation, Friends Com
mittee of National Legislation, the
District Of Columbia Chamber of
Commerce and the Catholic Inter
racial Council of Washington.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-07
II Groups

Continued from Page One)
II inequalities now exist which
can be remedied by disregard of
race in those eases at the very
least schools, class and teacher as
slgnments must be made without
regard to race.
Inc letter was signed by the st.
Peter Claver Center, the Washing
ton Council of the American Coun-
Gil on Human Rights, the Wash
ington Fellowship, Education Com
mittee Of the Federation Civic AS
soclations, the Interracial Work
shop and the American Friends
Committee.
Other signatures came from the
fublIc Affairs Committee. of the
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-07
xxx Leader

Continued from Page One)
fused to recommend that Hamil-
ton be given a parole.
The Is other klansmen alread!
have been granted paroles.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-07
Negro Citizens
Continued from Page One)

o. any other court, our purpose
should be, and must be, the high
est possible level of educational
opportunity for all the children
of this state within our ability to
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-07

ference.
There was one point on which
IT became Immediately evident
that the conference was in unani.
nous agreement, and that was the
need for the total and immediate
abolition of segregation by law in
the state. A sharp difference of
OPINION arose among the conferees
however over the question of
whether or not to endorse the pro-
posals made by the Legislative
Educational Study Committee and
call for their enactment into law
by the Extra Ordinary Session of
the state Legislature. Following
several hours of debate on both
sides of the issue the conference
closed with the adoption of the
following resolution, and its i'm.
mediate publication.
Whereas, the Mississippi State
Legislature is in Extra Ordinary
Session for the purpose of enact
ing into law the proposals of the
X eces Legislative Education
Study Committee, and
Whereas, five cases are now
nending before the United States
Supreme Court which will decide
the issue of segregation in the
public school system of the ma
ton;
BE 1T RESOLVED, That the
Negro Citizens of Mississippi. as
represented by the conference of
Negro leaders, will endorse the
passage of the proposed legisla-
tive bills submitted by the Recess
Education Study Committee inso-
Tar as these bill do not violate the
18th amendment to the Constitu-
ton of the United States as in
terpreted by the U. S. Supreme
Court.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-07
Human Rights
Continued from PAGE One)

discrimination because Of race in
dining car service. Immediately
after this decision in June 1850.
the Southern issued regulations to
ITS dining car personnel ordering
that Negroes be seated with Me-
groes, whites be seated with whites
etc. This, the Council contended
was in violation of the Henderson
decision. The Council sued the
railroad before the Interstate
Commerce Commission urging that
body to revoke the regulations.
The !. c. c. sustained the railroad
IN five to four decision with a
vigorous dissent. The dissent was
coneurred in by the U. S. Depart
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1953-11-07
Howard
Continued from Page One)

in the Trustee Dining Room of
the Washington institution on
Wednesday evening. He stressed
the need and Importance Of prep
aration for work in engineering
and allied occupational and pro-
fessional fields. The conference,
the 3lst annual session of the or
ganization, had as it's theme, EN-
gineering and Technical Educa-
ton"
Speaking informally, DR.. john
son told his audience that the
young men finishing the Howard
University School of Engineering
''leave the institution with their
diplomas in one hand and we'll
paying industrial contracts in the
other" Color, he said, gives way
to quality of training and demand
for these technicians.
Earlier in the day, the Univers-
ity's dean of the School of En-
gineering, DR.. l.. K. Downing, had
told the Conference of the great
shortage of trained technicians
ment Of Justice which has insisted
on conformity with the Supreme
Courts mandate of no discrimina-
ton. The Council then appealed
the |. c. C.. decision to the u. S.
District Court in the District of
Columbia.
1t was thought when the Su-
preme Court spoke in the Hender-
son Case that the matter was set
tied for all time. But this case
indicates that Supreme Court de-
cisions are not self enforcing and
those favoring pro-segregation
policies will devise many ways to
avoid compliance with the law.
Attorney Robinson. renresent
ative of Alpha Phi Alpha Fratern-
itv on the board of directors of
ACHR called it significant step
toward the complete removal of
Jim-Crow practices from the ma
tons railroads.
The Henderson Case was filed
against the Southern Railroad in
1912 by Elmer w. Henderson. d.
rector of the American Council on
Human Rights. The case was sup
ported by the Alpha Phi Alpha
Fraternity and the ACHR.
The controversial section of the
Southern Railway regulations that
were finally revoked reads as fol-
lows:
"(2) The steward shall seat din
ers so as to promote efficient ser
vice with comfort and satisfaction
to the diners. For example. when
practicable parties of two, three
or four. will be seated together.
When entering singly, women will
be seated with women, men with
men. young people with young
people, elderly persons with ell
derby persons, white persons with
white persons, and Negroes with
Negroes. In following the above
illustrations, stewards will bear in
mind occupied space permitting),
white passengers should be seated
from the buffet or kitchen end of
the dining car and Negroes from
the opposite end. (From the ends
toward the middle). No passenger
seeking dining car service during
the meal hour shall be refused
such service when there is a vacant
seat in the diner"
The American Council on HUI
man Rights is a cooperative pro-
gram of Alpha Kappa Alpha So
rority, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity,
Delta Sigma Theta Sorority. Kap-
pa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Sigma
Gamma Rho Sorority and Zeta
l..
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-05-29
Nations Press Has "New Attitude" =.
THE SLEEPING WATCHDOG

Providence, Baltimore, Des Moines
Washington, Cincinnati, Dallas, De-
troit, Cleveland, Indianapolis, Boston,
Minneapolis, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh,
Oklahoma City and Los Angeles
Mr.. Roberts landed on just about
every page from 2 to 8 but never on
the front page and sometimes on none
at ALL could not help thinking about
the fat, black headlines given Mr..
Boyle.
In nine of the 10 papers outside
Kansas City, Mr.. Roberts Topeka APP
pearance surprisingly enough was not
news in any dimension. | could not
find line about him in the editions
reaching st. Louis of the Cincinnati
ENQUIRER, or the Chicago TRIB-
UNE, or h e Dallas MORNING
NEWS, or the Baltimore SUN, or the
Boston EVENING GLOBE, OF the
Philadelphia INQUIRER, or the Pit
tsburgh POST GAZETTE, OF the
Cleveland PLAIN DEALER, or the
Detroit FREE PRESS.
The FREE PRESS had room for
Page l banner story of the Velde
investigation of college communism,
and even for story about minor
(Truman) tax official charged with
influence peddling; but no room. for
the Republican National Chairman.
Well, if Michigan wasn't interested,
why not Texas? 1t occurred to me,
casting about for explanations, that
maybe Dallas just did not consider
Republicans news, and yet in the
same edition which ignored Mr.. Rob
erts' travail found an ample story
about "Ike, Porter Discuss Strong
Texas COP" Puzzling to say the
least.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-05-29
SUPPOSE ETC HAD BEEN
TURNED OVER TO CLIO

AS in the Cole case, nobody can
properly question the right of the ma
tons newspapers to look with ap-
prevail upon turning the Fedora!
Trade Commission over to the inter
ests it is supposed to keep in cheek
Yet somehow a lingering feeling
persists that if this is being done,
the people have a right to know
about it, and their news media have
an obligation to report it. | suspect
that if the Housing Administration
had been turned over to the CLIO I'M
der New or Fair Deal Administra-
ton, or if a Federal Trade Commits
sioner had been appointed from the
radical left wing, the newspapers
would have found the event news
worthy.
1t may be a mistake to expect any
other performance from the press
than the one it has given during
these first months of the Eisenhower
era. After the long, long trek across
the desert, 80 per cent of the nations
newspapers have proprietary inter
est in this Republican Administration.
Many of them slanted compaign news
in favor of the COP, and they are
only carrying on the same kindly SER
vice when they help cover up what is
going on in Washington.
Possibly the new role of the press
may make it more difficult for pub
fishers to make speeches to each 9TH
er about objectivity and the integrity
of the news columns. But | doubt it.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-05-29

tells me he has asked bids on about
8 per cent of the approximately g.
900 Star Route contracts expiring
this year "to see if they are costing
the American taxpayer too much
money"
Mr.. Summerfield tells me that the
law directs him to use his discre-
ton, according to what he believes
to be the best interests of the postal
system in deciding whether he should
re-award existing contracts without
competitive bidding Or to advertise
for such bids at the end of the four
year term of the contracts.
This situation affects many people
in every state, in addition to con-
tractors. | have had no complaints
about Star Route service. The cost
is low. 1t averages, nationwide, Is
cents per mile-including equipment
ranging from passenger cars to the
largest size trucks and all labor-as
compared with more than 80 cents
mile for the nearest comparable
service"
Even though the Postmaster Gen
erals order, at this time, affects only
80 of the routes it has caused con-
Germ everywhere and Star Route con-
tractors are protesting his violation
of the spirit, if not the literal Ian
guage of P. L. 500.
In his first major act after taking
OffioQ Mn, M io1J
all examinations for Postmaster held
or called by the Civil Service Com
mission prior to last "a March. All
the examinations will be given again
and new lists of eligible candidates
prepared.
Civil Service already had spent
$265,777 completing 1,46i of the
discarded. New examina-
tons to fill the vacancies are ex-
pected to cost the taxpayers an ad-
ditional $511,50O.
The Commission originally refused
to discard the examinations for pure
ly political purposes" Mr.. Summer
field then said requirements had
been changed, so new examinations
were necessary.
Mr.. Summerfield has been asked
for a description of the new stand
ards, there being those who think
the expense of the new examinations
does not appear warranted on the
basis of increased efficiency or sound
economy. These same people point
out that this would not do much for
the Post Office Department. high
ly publicized deficit.
The exact effect desired by order
ing new examinations is not clear,
since in many cases the same per-
sons will take the new examinations
with the same results. All who took
the original examinations are eligible
to take them again.
Civil Service requirements are
rightfully high. Insofar us have OBJ
served, the standards required for a
Postmaster have been as high as those
required of comparable businessmen
n a community.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-05-29
SUMMONS


No. 237S7
DONNA MAE LEIGHTON Plaintiff
JOHN N. LEIGHTON, Defendant
THE STATE OF MONTANA Sends
ants and to Each of Them:
You are hereby summoned to answer
the complaint in this action which is
Court, a copy of which is herewith
served upon one of you in each County
wherein any of you reside, and to file
your answer and serve a copy thereof
upon the plaintiffs attorney within
this Summons, exclusive of the
failure to appear or answer, Judgment
will be taken against you, by default,
for the relief demanded in the COM
lutte divorce based on two causes of
and one for extreme physical cruelty.
For further facts and particulars,
please refer to the complaint on file
herein, which is hereby made a part of
this Summons.
said Court this 23rd day of May, 1853.
DAVID r. KEMP, Clerk.
GLADYS LeFORS, Deputy Clerk
COURT SEAL)
O'CONNELL & DAILY
Attorneys for Plaintiff
305 Barber-Lydiard Bldg.
Great Falls, Montana
May 80, June 5, IL, 10
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-05-29
By LEE METCALF

A couple of recent decisions by the
Postmaster General have brought me
certain amount of mail, some ques-
tions and so far very few answers.
refer to Postmaster General Sum-
merfield's call for sealed competitive
bids on some Star Route mail con-
tracts and to his decision to throw
out 1,7OO Civil Service examinations
for Postmaster positions.
Congress intended to provide con-
tinuity of service to Star Route con-
tractors when it passed Public Law
$50 in 1913, after the bidding sys-
tenn had reduced service to prac-
tically complete Generalization. The
average rate of pay, which included
cost of equipment and all labor in
volved, had gone Town from 1885
cents per mile in 1924 to 5.82 cents
per mile in 1941. This caused bank
ruptcy for many carriers. More than
half the Star Route contractors in
the United States petitioned to be
relieved of their contracts between
1941 and 1913.
Public Law $50 gave the Post
master General authority to renew
the four-year Star Route contracts
without bidding, at least in partial
recognition that such contractors had
obligated themselves for equipment
which could not be expected to pay
out in four years. The law also pro-
vided for compensation establishments
"for increased or decreased operat-
ing costs.
In reply to inquiries, relayed from
Montanans, the Postmaster General
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-05-29

NORMA ion, for on March 20 they
came out with rousing demand for
Mr. Roberts resignation.
CHARITABLE LACK OF
CURIOSITY"
The same charitable lack of curl
osity which so much of the press
applied to Mr.. Roberts characterized
its attitude toward the assembling
of the Eisenhower "team."
No newspaper was manning the
ramparts of public morality when
Charles E. Wilson attempted to slide
into office in violation of the con-
flict-of- interest laws. The discovery
that the eminent Secretary of De-
tense had not qualified for his post
was made by a conservative Demo-
cratic Senator, Harry Byrd of Vir-
ginia, not by the watchdog press. 1t
was the Republicans on the Armed
Services Committee, not a conspicu-
Gus number of right-thinking editors,
who insisted that he obey the law be-
fore entering the cabinet. Editorially,
much of the press first struck an at
titude of fretful impotence over the
legalistic view that Mr.. Wilson could
not both hold General Motors stock
and pass out contracts to General
Motors. This slowly turned into a
strong feeling that if the law said so,
the law was an ass, and finally be-
came delirium of praise for Mr..
Wilson's magnificent show of public
spirit in disposing of his stock at
what was reported to be tidy profit.
The New York press invoked the
sacred cause of free speech and went
into the courts to demand that the
Jelke vice trial be opened to their
reporters, it being only coincidence
that if opened the trial was expected
to yield slacious details which would
sell lot of newspapers. But no news
paper dreamed of suggesting that the
right of free press demanded public
Senate hearings on the nominations
of Mr.. Wilson and other defense of
ficials. Nobody proposed going into
court to compel the Senate to pub
lish Charles E. Bohlen's testimony in
support of Yalta, after all the testi-
mony against it, in connection with
Mr.. Dulles Inflated "enslavement"
resolution, had been amply reported.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-05-29
ANOTHER CASE IN POINT

Nor did the newspapers consider
that they had an obligation to in
form their readers of the pertinent
facts surrounding the nomination of
Albert M. Cole as Housing and
Home Finance Administrator. The
! Associated Press and, | suspect, SO
out of 100 newspapers across the
land told their readers simply that
Mr.. Cole had been nominated, flat
he was a defeated Kansas Congress-
man, and that he had served on the
Housing Banking Committee, which
has jurisdiction over housing and
home finance bills. The AP also men
toned that the CLIO had objected to
the nomination, but did not say why.
The essential and newsworthy fact
about Mr.. Cole which did not get
into the dispatches about his nomira-
ton was that he had led the House
opposition against the very housing
program he was now appointed to
administer.
Not only did the press fail to re-
port this fact OH its own initiative,
but large sections of the press failed
to report it even when they were
brought out at a public Senate COM
mittee hearing on his nomination.
There is no question of course,
that the press was perfectly free to
regard the delivery of the federal
housing program to it's enemies as a
desirable state of affairs. Still, read
ers who expect news from newspa
pers might be pardoned if they looked
to the press at least to tell them that
this was going on. AS it was, news
paper readers in many cities must
have been mildly surprised when they
learned that 20 Senate votes were
cast against Mr.. Coles nomination.
for few of their newspapers had
given them an inkling of any reason
for opposition.
1t is hard for readers to get the
facts about what is going on in Wash
ington, it is sometimes almost as
hard for newspapers to learn them.
Take the case of Edward F. Howrey,
appointed by the President to the
Federal Trade Commission. The first
Associated Press dispatch reported
this news dead-pan Collectively" as
we say in the trade), along with the
information that Mr.. Howrey was
Washington lawyer and onetime
Justice Department official. That
was all.
LABOR" EXPOSED HOWREY'S
ACTIVITIES
1t fell to LABOR, a weekly pub
lished by group of railroad unions,
to point out that Mr.. Howrey was in
teresting for other reasons than the
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-05-29

daily press had eported-namely,
that he had practiced before the
ETC for 20 years as a representative
of big business, notably the Fire
stone Rubber Company, and had acted
as lobbyist for other interests. He
had handled several cases in which
big business had sought an interpre-
tation of the antitrust laws advan-
tageous to it and disadvantageous to
small business. Now President Eisen-
hover was putting him in the stra-
tegic position of being able as COM
missioner to accomplish what he could
not accomplish as pleader at the Com
MISSIONS bar-much as if a lawyer,
having lost his case in court, were ap-
pointed the judge to hear it on ap-
peal.
No newspaper that 7 know of pick
ed up the LABOR story as news. One
editorial page editor messaged the
AP in Washington for verification
Of the report. 1t took three messages
and three replies to get the facts,
which turned out to be as LABOR
had reported them. Even then, how
ever, the Associated Press did not
see fit to make a news story out Of
the messages; it satisfied the client
privately and let it go at that. The
AP wires carried only routine re-
port on the Senate committee hear
ing at which small business inter
ment; the dispatch was so routine
that most newspapers found it con-
venient not to publish it at all.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1953-05-29
9th flap Meet i'm Rome

ROME = Representative of 20
100000 farm families will gather
here, June 5-13 for the sixth gen
eral meeting of International Fedora
ton of Agricultural Producers.