davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-14
Flaw in Safety Enforcement

The preinauguration railroad crash at Union
Station has revealed serious flaw in Federal
enforcement OF public-safety regulations for
railroads. This is the lack of authority to
compel railroads to make changes in brake
systems regarded by Federal inspectors as es-
sential to protection of human life. This is
one of the few areas in which the Interstate
Commerce Commissions safety experts are
restricted.
Under several Federal laws the ICC has
authority to require installation Of air brakes,
automatic couplerS, signals and other safety
equipment It has authority to specify types of
most of this equipment. Brakes are an excep-
ton to the rule. Beyond specifying air brakes
as standard equipment, its authority in this
field is limited to inspection and recommended
ton. Thus when ICC inspectors found that the
Union Station wreck was caused by faulty in
staation of air-brake valves the commission
could do no more than suggest that the railroad
authorities change the location of the valves.
If however, it had been found that the accident
had resulted from faulty block signals or SINH
lar train-control Devices the ICC could have
ordered whatever changes its inspectors thought
necessary.
To plug this loophole in the safety laws
Chairman Alldredge of the ICC has asked the
House Interstate and Foreign Commerce Com
mittee to approve bill giving the ICC the same
enforcement power over brake installations as
it has with respect to signals and other safety
devices. In the Union Station case the railroads
voluntarily complied with the ICC recommended
tions for brake alterations. But the ICC should
have power to compel compliance in the event
of future reluctance by railroad to carry out
such safety recommendations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-14
On BIockudinq Chino

Most persons who rely upon a block
ade to end China's ability to fight seem
to forget that blockade is largely a
two-way affair: We. or whoever else
trades with China, get about as good
value as is given, whether for peace or
war.
The same applies to Russia and her
satellites: We have sent them great
amounts of material useful in building
up their war potential. But in exchange
we have received material beneficial to
our own war potential-manganes
for instance.
1t is very difficult to draw the line
between goods which benefit country
at large, and goods which benefit that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-14

in tearing him down and booming him
to political obliteration.
v. T. Lombard.
Teacher Investigation
Much has been said pro and con
regarding the current Investigations
of Communists, travellers, and
others of their ilk who hold positions
in American education. Most of the
modern-day liberals are screaming
that these investigations are destroy
ing academic freedom" freedom of
thought" and that they are a portent
Of the thought control to follow.
Who do these liberals" think they
are fooling with that kind of talk? They
are the same bunch that has been
lobbying and agitating for years for
federally financed and controlled pub
lie school system. Yet they would deny
Congress the constitutional right and
duty to make full preliminary investi-
cation before enacting or failing to
enact legislation affecting the schools.
They scream about academic freedom
and thought control, but they ignore
the control which the Communist move
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-14
Officers Don't Have Ii So Good?

The story by John A. Giles in The
Sunday Star, March l, headlined Joint
Chiefs Fear Services May Soon Lack
Good Leaders" is very interesting, but
not very much of surprise. The only
surprising thing about it is that some
such situation was not foreseen while
it was in the making.
Since 1910 there has been a steady.
inSidious chipping away at the appear
ance, prestige and privileges of the
officer corps of the Army. The officer
in large part. has lost his distinctive
uniform. He has lost certain privileges
that over a great many years had
become customs and traditions of the
officers corps and the service, and he
has lost most of his prestige with the
public as an officer.
When you take all these things away
from the man who is expected to lead
men and act with decision and author
ity and have pride in his appearance
as an officer, all that's left is just an
other soldier drawing more pay. In
most cases you have lost an officer.
Since the end of World War II, the
morale of enlisted personnel seems to
have been uppermost in the public
mind: How can we give the boys more
entertainment? How can we dress them
smarter? Etc. etc. No one has given
thought to the other boyS-the young
officers, the second and first lieutenants
and captains, with the problems and re-
sponSibilities their grades carry. Sup
posedly, a commission is it's own reward
They and the older officers of more ex-
peYience and higher grade are made to
look ridiculous at every opportunity, if
not actually vilif1ed. Cartoonists,
comic strip artists and movie makers
seem to have conspired to make the
Army officer joke or a villain. Even
serious commentators and newspaper
articles refer to our top military leaders
as the high brass"
Experienced Observer.
X X
John Giles states the privileges of
the officer group have been leveled
closer to those of enlisted men. In my
opinion. there is one thing that could
be equalized with jeopardy to no one
and in the best interests of the armed
services: officer physical requirements.
Selective Service will draft you into
the infantry with eyeSlght OF 2Of2UU or
worse, for instance. And you can en-
list in the Navy for three or more years
with such eyesight. There is no
discrimination, then, to entering the en-
listed ranks. But this same person is
almost automatically ineligible for
commission in the Army and Air Force
and, when last 1 heard, was ineligible
for a commission in the Navy-medical
officers excepted. Age restrictions and
jaw and tooth problems. including
cross-bite or lack of alignment. are
among other physical bars.
1t occurs to me that any person who
can serve as an enlisted man can serve
under the same combat conditions as an
officer-provided he has the mental,
technical and personality qualifica-
tions Let's do away with these arbi-
trary bars to good leadership in the
armed forces,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-14

country's fighting power. Improving
peoples health, for example, also i'm
proves that peoples fighting ability.
Factories that produce civilian goods
are soon converted into war-goods
factories Food for civilians also is food
for soldiers.
In view Of this, it might easily be
that blockade of China would so irri-
tate the Chinese population. and harm
us psychologically throughout Asia, that
it would do us far more evil than good.
In any case, we are going to need an
immense amount Of something we are
very short of-and the Asiatics are very
long on-patience!
Boiling SOmerville.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-14

ment eXerts over the thoughts. and the
words and deeds. of all of it's followers.
No true Communist is or ever can be
objective. If you doubt this, take as
an example the scientists, journalists.
and even the musicians Of Russia today,
who are required to make their work
conform to socialist principles"
If and when the schools and colleges
clean their own houses of the present
infestation, and if and when the Glib
erals" and ''progressives" quit agitating
for Federal school systems, then there
will be no need for congressional in
vestigations of teachers.
The only way to stop these investi-
cations Is to clean up the schools and
return them to strictly local control.
John Robert Canaday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-14

shown in the Brooklyn College case that it Is
possible to be helpful without impairing aca-
demc freedom.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-03-14
Letters to The Star

in tearing him down and booming him
= to political obliteration.
" r TOuhar6
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Greek Rulers Visit Naples

NAPLES, Italy, Sept. 81 (P-
Greece's King Paul and Queen
Frederika arrived in Naples to-
day aboard the Greek destroyer
Navarinon for an Italian vaca-.
ton. 81. NJ
Evening star., 1953-09-21
MIG
CONTINUED From First Page. }


the MIG, Col. Hall quoted him:
I'm happy to leave commu-
nism."
ut is believed he knew of the
reward" Col. Hall said.
The pilots first words were
reported to be 20. K" His only
other word in English was INC" "
Col. Hall said his clothing was
"nondeScript blue-colored
flying suit. a leather jacket and
light colored shirt and flying
boots"
The pilot was armed, but he
turned over his loaded pistol to
Capt. Guerra.
Col. Hall said the Red pilot is
about Is years old and an officer.
Asked what the Air Force
planned to do with the MIG,
Col. Hall explained:
"The plane is certainly flyable.
II do not know if we will fly
the MIG but we will get the
most out of it. We definitely will
go over it from all angles in a
thorough examination"
Col. Hall said the plane may
be taken to the United States
for testing but indicated this
had not been decided.
The MIG pilot was escorted
into wing headquarters and
given sandwiches and coffee.
1t. Gen. Samuel Anderson, 5th
Air Force commander, and other
top officers sped to talk with
him.
The pilot repeatedly declined
to meet newsmen.
The MIG was placed in a
hanger by itself, ringed by armed
air police.
The 100000 offer was beamed
by radio to the north for days
in February, with instructions
on how to proceed. Leaflets were
dropped over North Korea.
There were no takers then.
The MIG is not the first to
fall into Western hands-two
others were landed in Denmark
by boiling Polish pilots-but it
is the first ever taken in Korea
and the first the West can keep
for thorough testing.
The two MICS flown to Den
mark were damaged in landing.
They also had to be given back
to Poland.
Apparently the MIG ,Surrend-
cred in Korea will be considered
war prize.
Evening star., 1953-09-21
No. | East German Red
Acts 10 Bar New Revolt
sy the Asso.ios.d Press

BERLIN, Sept. 21.-East Ger.
many's No. Communist boss IL
personally calling shots for new
security measures designed to
prevent another disastrous June
II revolt.
Walter Ulbricht. deputy pre-
mier and secretary general Of
the Communist Party In the
Soviet Zone, urged all East Ger.
mans to keep their eyes open
for Western spies" and coll
laborators.
He told the party's Central
Committee in his latest speech
that East Germany is faced
with fascist underground or
ganizations formed by different
enemy agencies operating from
East Germany and West Berlin.
I'VE must educate the work.
ing people in increased watch
fulness, to observe the smallest
workings of the enemy, to un-
cover Systematically the connec-
ton, and to proceed mercilessly
against any case Of illegal pos
session of arms" he said.
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Court Clears Youth
III Brutality Case
OF Weapon Charge

A youth whose arrest led to
charges Of brutality against two
Bladensburg (Md.) town police
men today was cleared Of carry
ing q dangerous weapon.
HyattSville Police Court Judge
Theodore L. Miazga ruled the
weapon in question: switch
blade knife-could not be classi-
fled as dangerous because It's
blade is less than two inches
long.
The youth is Frank Ellsworth
Freshley, Is. colored, Of Rogers
Heights, Md.
BladenSburg Police Chief
Bryan M. Dorsey and one of his
officers. Pvt. Elmer Thompson,
are awaiting Prince Georges
County grand jury action on a
charge Of beating q companion
Of Freshley's when the pair was
arrested last month.
The companion, Melvin
Franklin, 10, colored, of 4410
Forty-sixth street, Bladensburg,
also was charged by Dorsey and
Thompson with carrying q dan
gerous weapon-another SWITCH
blade knife. Charges against
Franklin were to be heard later
today.
County police charged Dorsey
and Thompson with beating
Franklin after q police dis
patcher reported he heard means
and groans coming from the
squad room of the Hyattsville
county police Substation where
the Bladensburg officers were
questioning the youth. Franklin
said he later was treated for
head wounds in the emergency
room Of Prince Georges Gen
eral Hospital.
Judge Miazga, in dismiSsing
the charge against Freshley, said
there must be some limitation
on what claSsi1les a dangerous
weapon. Freshley's knife could
not be opened in court because
the switch was broken.
Attorney j. Franklyn Bourne,
retained by the National AS
ISOLATION for the Advancement
OF Colored People, is represent
ing the two youths.
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Two Survivors of B-29 Crash
Tell of Fighting off Sharks

Henderson said he and Sergt.
Graybill got together in the
water as both swan toward q
raft.
There were three RATS we
went toward that sank" Hen
derson said.
And after the first shark
came, and it grew dark. we
didn't know what were think
ing about"
Sergt. Graybill S aid a blast
aboard the B-29 hud led him out
of the craft.
"No. 3 engine broke loose, hit
No. engine, starting a fire, and
then there was an explosion
I was thrown out"
Henderson said he dived
through a wall of fire" to escape
the flaming ship.
Was Thrown Upward.
Another survivor, Sergt. Julian
c. Collins of Laurens, Iowa, the
crew chief, said he was the last
to get out of the plane. The ship
started to roll over, he said, as
he left it.
II was thrown upward and
then I pulled my ripcoard. I was
way above the aircraft" he
added.
He estimated the plane was at
about 5000 feet when it ex-
ploded.
After hitting the water, Sergt.
Collins said he had a little trou-
BILE initiating his liferaft. A
short time later he sighted A/2c
Phillip R. Bruning of Paramount,
Calf. They lashed their RATS
together.
Other Bog survivors brought
here included A/2c John j. Shan
ley of st. Paul, Mimi, and A/2c
Richard S. Baker of Sparta, N. j.
The survivors taken to
Charleston were Airman 1/c
Norman ProSser of Brucker, Mo;
Airman 1/c Paul L. Dion, "a, Of
Boston, and Sergt. Edwin H.
Sischo, 26, of Neillsville, Wis.
Airman ProSser was burned Sc
verely and placed in the Charles
ton Naval Hospital. The others
were taken to Hunter Air Force
Base at Savannah after an ex-
animation.
Evening star., 1953-09-21

signed to weaken and subvert
the United Nations.
Turning to the German Ques-
ton, Mr.. Vishinsky declared the
Western powers were trying to
push the German people down
the path to war once more by
advocating rearmament on a
large scale.
The Soviet Union, he said,
proposes a path in line with the
obligations of the four occupying
powers.
In March, 1852, he said, Rus
Sia submitted a draft of a Ger
man treaty. The United States,
Britain and France have not
yet given their comment, he said.
"All their efforts" he declared,
"are bent on creation of a
European defense force"
Mr.. Vishinsky quoted Soviet
Prime Minister Malenkov as
saying Germany is the most
dangerous source of war in
Europe. The Soviet delegate
added that the rearmament OF
Germany will inevitably raise
new problems which may fur
nish the spark for a war of
capitalist against capitalist"
The Assembly last month voted
down a Russian proposal for
a round table" Korea confer
ence. approving instead plans
for a two-sided parley of the 16
U. N, belligerents and South
Korea on one side and whatever
nations Red China and North
Korea chose to sit with them on
the other.
Some delegates thought that
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Congressional Inquiry
Into Beef Prices Seen
BY the Associated Press

CHATTANOOGA, Tenn, Sept.
21.-A congressional investiga-
tion of the spread" between
beef prices on the farm and over
the butchers counter was fole-
cast yesterday by Chairman
Hope of the House Agriculture
Committee.
Representative Hope, Repub-
lican, of Kansas, and IA men,
bers of his committee were
guests of Radio Station WAPO
at a luncheon en- route south for
hearings on farm problems. A
hearing was held in Bristol,
Tenn.-Va. Saturday.
The committee chairman said
members of the committee staff
are studying the margin between
prices paid for certain grades
of beef cattle and prices paid
by consumers.
What has been developed so
far, he said, Indicates we ought
to have an investigation :"
Evening star., 1953-09-21
POWs
Continued From First page.)

NNOIlClLlueQ from FlFSG RdgGJ
hurled rocks at Red observers
outside the wire barricades at
Indian Village and refused to tell
the Indian guards their names.
prompting a hurried call to New
Delhi for 600 more troops.
Yesterdays shipment staged a
volleyball game for the enter
tainment of the Indians, who
responded by handing out candy
and cigarettes. ..
The guards used a new tao
tic to avert disorder on the part
of 1,640 anti-Red Chinese pris-
oners who arrived this morning
they marched them into the
compounds with their backs to
U. N. and Red observers.
Names on the allied list of
3,404 missing troops were COL
lected from Red radio broad
casts, letters received from Red
prison camps, information fur
nished by repatriated prisoners
and POW rosters handed over
by the Communists.
The list includes Capt. James
A. Van Fleet, jr., son of the for
mer United States 9th Army
commander in Korea. Commu-
mist Correspondent Wilfred
Burchett of the Paris newspaper
L'Humanite, however, has re-
ported Capt. Van Fleet was never
a prisoner of war and is pre-
Sumed dead.
In addition to the more than
900 Americans and 2,400 South
Koreans, the list includes 10
British, 9 Australians, 8 South
Africans, S Turks, 8 Canadians,
3 BelgianS and l Greek.
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Green Abandons
Further Arlington
School Board Suits

Arlington Attorney John Locke
Green told the County Circuit
Court today he has no intention
Of filing another suit against
Federal employees on the county
school board.
Mr.. Greene said. however, that
he plans to pursue appeal to the
State Supreme Court of an Ar
lington Circuit Court decision
earlier this month upholding the
right of Federal employees to
serve on the board. That suit
was brought by MIR. Green fol-
Miles Spence Bray. another at
torney.
Mr.. Green made his statements
as Circuit Court Judge Walter
T. Mccarthy took under advise
ment a school board plea for an
injunction to prevent Mr.. Green
or others from going to court tc
try to remove the three boarC
members who work for the Fed
eral Government.
Appeal to Go Through.
The judge said that if he die
grant such an injunction, IL
would not prevent suits against
eligibility of board members or
other grounds than Federal en-
ployment.
The school board attorney
James H. Simmonds, said he was
not asking the court to deny
Mr.. Green the right to appeal
the Bray case to the State Su-
preme Court.
Judge Mccarthy said he was
going to permit that appeal tc
go through. regardless of wheth-
er Mr.. Simmonds wanted IL
stopped or not.
In the Bray case, Judge Nc
Carthy held that the issue had
been settled in a similar case
brought earlier this year by Mr.
Green which was upheld in Cir
cult Court but later rejected by
the Supreme Court.
Bond Sales Delayed.
Mr.. Green told Judge Nc
Carthy today:
I'VE have no intention of filine
another suit. We have all the
suits we need. All we want tt
do is take this Bray suit to the
Supreme Court, where might
say facetiously the last guess il
made"
Suits brought by Mr.. Greer
have been holding up sale oi
$2.8 million in school construc-
tion bonds, needed to pay con-
tractors who now are owed more
than 81 million by the board
The State Retirement Board has
announced, however. that re-
gardless of the prospect of fur
ther litigation it will submit a
bid to buy the bonds September
90. Private investors have re-
fused to bid while the suits have
been in court.
Evening star., 1953-09-21
a Die in Virginia Crashes;
States So Toll Now $40
BY the Associufed Press


Four more deaLhs yesterday
brought Virginia's 1853 highway
traffic fatality toll to 620.
Two of the persons killed were
Clyde Conner, 81, of Shenandoah,
and Leotta Sellers. 20. of Route
2. Elkton. The car in which they
were riding turned over down an
embankment and smashed into
a tree on the Skyline Drive just
north of WayneSboro.
District Ranger Tom Norris
and Ranger David Frye, who in
vestigated. said a third person
Nancy Lilly, II. of Elkton, was
injured. Hospital attendants
said last night her condition was
not serious.
Evening star., 1953-09-21
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, Sept. 21.-Two
Air Force men told today of
fighting off sharks with their
fists during % hours in the
choppy Atlantic.
They were among six surviv-
ors of a B-29 hurricane hunter
which caught fire and crashed in
the Atlantic last Friday. They
arrived here abord the Home
Lines cruise ship Nassau. Three
other survivors previously reached
Charleston, S. c.
Also abord the Nassau were
nine crewmen of an Air Force
amphibian rescue plane dem
aged and abandoned in the rough
water while attempting to pick
up the B-29 survivors.
The Coast Guard is continuing
the search for seven missing
B-29 crewmen.
Sergt. Charles Graybill of
Landsdowne. Pa, said he and
another crewman, James B. Hen
derSon of Flushing, Mich, hoated
for % hours in their inflated Mae
Vests. They had lashed them
selves together with nlyon cord.
Develop New Punch.
Sergt. Graybilli said they de-
veloped a new one-two punch to
keep sharks away. But the 81
year-old sergeant said even so a
shark nipped one of his hands.
Something rushed by me-" he
said, land then 1 felt one hand
in a mouth. So I took a poke
at him. to get loose"
Usually, he said. he and Hen
derson would kick and splash
when sharks sWarmed around
them. Sergt. Graybill wore
bandages on both hands.
Henderson said Sergt. Gray
bill was pretty sick" during the
night and apparently was
delirious for more than an hour.
Henderson's forearms were
bandaged. He said he had been
stung by Portuguese rhen-of-
war, a poisonous jellyfish.
OF the shark attacks, Hender-
son said:
They'd come up. I remem-
bered something I had read-if
you hit them on the snout they
take off. It worked"
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Bankers See New CONCEPT
In Vault Door DESIGN

A new concept" in bank vault
door design was unveiled here to-
day at the convention of the
American Bankers Association.
The design features a complete
lack of external ornamentation,
except for massive crane hinge
and an integrated operations
panel. Except for those, the
door is a black block of steel.
It's manufacturers, the Mosler
Safe Co., which built the vault
doors at Fort Knox, say the new
door is available in sizes from
5000 pounds to $4,000 pounds.
Evening star., 1953-09-21
Safe Reported Stolen
From Movie House Here

A 200-pound safe containing
$50 was carted out of the Atlas
Theater at 1891 H street NE.
late last night or early today,
police said.
The theft was reported by a
janitor, Jack Brannum, colored.
of 1121 Oren street NE, who
found it missing when he went
to work at $40 am. today.
Police theoriZed it was taken
by some one who hid in the
theater when it closed shortly
before midnight. The janitor
said all doors were locked when
he reported this morning and
Mons showed evidence of having
been forced.