davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-11-17
Doris Ffeeson
The Issues Faced by Congress
Next Session Is Expected to See Fiscal Tug Of War Between
Economic Ideas of Far Right 6 O. P and Eisenhower Wing

A tentative version of Presi-
dent Eisenhower's legislative
program for next year will be
put before congressional lead
ers at a White House con-
ference late in December. The
meeting was to have been held
around the 10th but has been
postponed to give more time
to the Presidents many COM
missions on major issues.
The White House describes
the conference as a listing"
of matters to be covered in
the state-of-the-union mes
sage. Inquiries about the
Presidents own list are turned
back with the reply, wait for
the commissions"
1t is, of course, obvious that
the principal problems are
economic-the budget, taxes,
the national debt, farm price
supports, a slight but unmis-
taxable recession in business
activity. They would be diff
cult enough in any case; in
the light of the Presidents
campaign promises they are
also embarrassing.
G. o. P. National Chairman
Leonard Hall has stated that
the underlying issue" of the
congressional elections next
year will be communism. Ac-
tually, he and every other
working politician believe that
in the absence of another war,
the election will turn on the
Evening star., 1953-11-17

three types Of human polio virus.
Some of the first ones vacci-
mated have kept this apparent
protection for a year. DR.. Salk
uses virus of all three polio types,
grown on monkey kidney tissue
and then killed by q chemical
formalin. Most of the virus for
the huge vaccination test will
be grown by Connaught Labora-
tories, University of Toronto,
Canada.
Several as yet unnamed phar-
maceutical houses will help pre-
pare the actual vaccine.
Every batch of vaccine will be
subjected to three independent
safety tests, performed by the
pharmaceutical firm, by DR.. Salk
himself and by the Biological
Standards Division of the Ma
tional Institute of Health, United
States Public Health Service.
Evening star., 1953-11-17
An Interview With M. Aurio|
President Of France Explains Why His Countrynen
Are Opposed to EDO and Reorninq Of Gernony

by the people and fills a dual
function as President and
prime minister, and the Presi-
dent of France, who is not per-
mitted to make policies. Con-
sequently, the French Presi-
dent can only express the views
of the various political groups
in his country without any
personal comment.
But as a Frenchman, M.
Auriol did say in the course. of
the Commute conversation
that America must remember
that France is not down and
out" but only physically and
morally wounded and that she
will soon be completely recov-
cred. He also said, as a French
man, that he and his country
men are willing to forget the
painful years of unbelievably
harsh German domination
during the last war, but that
Germany would do we'll to re-
member them"
Moreover, M. Auriol added,
there seems to be a tendency
in certain quarters in the
United States to push France.
This, he emphasized, is a grave
mistake, because such an. atti-
tude could serve only the cause
of communism. The French
are touchy and may react in an
unexpected way to too much
pressure.
The ratification of the Euro
pean Defense Community by
the French National Assembly
is unquestionably the most i'm
portant issue today between
France and the United States.
But M. Auriol, as President of
France, has nothing to do with
the vote; neither does he know
the intentions of the Premier
and the Chamber. But he did
set forth with typical French
clarity the point of view Of
the two camps: The opponents
and those who favor with quail
ification the ratification of the
treaty
M. Auriol explained that
there is a misconception in
America when the EDO is
labeled the brain-child of the
former Pinay-Schuman ad-
ministration. What happened
is this: The generals at SHAPE
worried over RuSSia'S over
whelming strength. They sug-
gested the rearmament of Ger
many. Washington and London
indorSed the plan. But the
overwhelming masses in France
considered this a betrayal Of
the. solemn pledges given them
during and after the war that
Germany will never be allowed
to rearm.
In order to soften the blow
and at the same time to show
the desire for cooperation,
Messrs Pinay and Schuman
proposed a European army
consisting of France, the Bene-
lux countries and Italy, with
German contingents. Thus
they hoped to avoid the bitter
Evening star., 1953-11-17

This puts the baby back in
the lap Of the President and
Treasury Secretary Humphrey.
They are expected firmly to
resist the kind of cuts in the
military that would be nee
essary under the Reed formula.
This leaves them two other
choices - accept the unbal-
, anced budget or fight for new
taxes.
Merely to accept a big budg-
ct deficit would put them in a
feebler position than the Tru-
man administration. Mr.. Tru-
man always asked for taxes to
balance the budget even
though he always got half
portions.
The chances are that Mr..
Humphrey, a practical man,
will do a little of this and some
Of that. He will struggle an
other year with a deficit, ask
to have the national debt
limit raised and bid for taxes.
Talk this summer that the
administration wants a manu-
facturers' excise, which is a
form of sales tax, has died
down. Most politicians say
they would never get it any,
way. They do expect that
Congress will raise the debt
limit for the Treasury head,
since he is within whispering
distance Of it now, and will
consent to some tax increase,
probably corporate.
Evening star., 1953-11-17
6. 0. P. Congress Control
In Peril, Mcclellan Says
by the Assoeioted Press

Senator Mcclellan, Democrat,
of Arkansas said today that "un-
less the Republicans can reverse
the farm trends in the next year,
q Democratic Congress will be
elected next November"
The Arkansan made the state
ment, in an interview. on his
return to the Capital after sew
eral weeks in his hOme State.
Senator Mcclellan said he had
found general dissatisfaction
among the farmers in Arkansas.
so much so that he predicted
agricultural policy will be "a
highly important issue" in next
years congressional elections.
He said his statement about
the possibility of his party'S re-
capturing control of Congress
next year "does not imply that
President Eisenhower personally
is becoming unpopular"
Evening star., 1953-11-17
Still Pleading for Leadership
Presidents Friends Want the Commander in Chief Take
Command They Say His Aides Do Things He Wouldn't Do

clair Weeks, was responsible, an
episode that shocked the whole
scientific world. It is not con-
ceivable that the free-swinging
Secretary would have been
guilty of his egregious blunder
had he been required first to
discuss the matter thoroughly
with the President.
Another was an interview
with Army Secretary Robert T.
Stevens revealing that he and
Senator Joseph r. Mccarthy
have found no evidence of
espionage in the Fort Mon
mouth, N. j., signal center.
For weeks Mccarthy was al
lowed to make sensational
headlines out of his "investi-
cation" Of Fort Monmouth,
with Stevens seeming to offer
no serious contradiction of the
revelations" Notwithstanding
he was keeping himself in
close touch with McCarthy's
operations. Finally, after Nc
Carthy had dropped the sub
ject and gone loping off after
sensations in another field,
Stevens admitted to reporters
that nothing to cause the
country any concern has been
happening at Fort Monmouth.
The Army, he said, had been
unable to find anything relat-
ing to espionage among the
33 scientists, engineers and
technicians suspended there
suspensions for which Nc
Carthy had given himself
credit.
And then. of course. there
was the story of the days de-
velopmentS in the mess into
which Attorney General Her
bert Brownen, jr.. had led the
administration, with no Ptesi-
dent, only his conscience, to
guide him.
There was nothing that day
about Benson of Agriculture.
Nor had Mckay Of Interior
Evening star., 1953-11-17
One Million Children
To Test Shots Against
Polio Next Summer
By the Asseeioted Press

NEW YORK, Nov. ia
hope-laden polio vaccine will be
given to probably l million school
children-in second grades only
beginning February 8 in an
effort to learn whether polio has
been conquered.
Official details of an unusual
nationwide medical test we're
announced yesterday by the Ma
tional Foundation for Infantile
Paralysis.
The children will bare their
arms for three successive shots
of a vaccine made of killed polio
virus, and triple tested for safety.
The vaccine was developed by
DR.. Jonas E. Salk, Of the Uni
versity of Pittsburgh. It will be
given to second graders in pub
lie, private and parochial schools
in some 200 American counties
none officially named as yet.
Next Summer Wi1I Tell.
What happens to these young
sters during next summers
natural exposure to polio will
tell whether the vaccine is q
success
The answer won't be known
until some time in 1855 when
careful scientific checkups have
been completed, said Basil
O'Connor, foundation president.
If the vaccine does really pro-
tect, then large amounts could
be made available for children
of all ages in 1855, Mr.. O'Connor
said.
The counties and States for
the tests, costing the foundation
SIS million, are still being
chosen.
Those selected will be areas
which have had high polio rates
for the last five years, especially
among young children and which
give a good cross section of the
Nation geographically. economi-
cally and socially. The tests will
begin in one or more Southern
counties.
Confined to Age Group.
Vaccinations will be confined
to children in the second grade
because youngsters of that age
61a to 8-have the second highest
incidence of polio among all age
groups, Mr.. O'Conner explained.
Children of f1rst-grade age
have the highest polio incidence.
But the tests will be made more
valid by giving the vaccine just
to second graders and comparing
their polio experience next sum-
mer with children who had been
in school at the same time-as
the first and third grade young
sters will have been. Mr.. O'Con-
nor said.
County health officers will di-
rect the vaccinations, given by
local physicians at school clinics.
Parents must give written con-
sent.
All vaccinations must be COM
pleted by June /, before the new
polio season starts, Mr.. O'Connor
said. The first two doses will
be given a week apart, with a
third booster dose injected four
weeks later.
Tested on 700 So Far.
DR.. Salk has safely tested his
vaccine on 700 humans so far,
and plans up to 10000 more
inoculations in Allegheny Coun-
ty, Pa, by early February. The
vaccinated children developed
protective antibodieS against all
Evening star., 1953-11-17
The KremIin's Broken Promises
Pledges Russia Made When IT, S. Recognized Her
In 1888 Have Been tDishonored at Every Turn

A case for the "de-recogni-
ton" Of the Soviet government
has been made by the Soviet
agents in this country them
selves. The severance of dip
lomatic relations now would
be logical in view of the
breaking Of the agreement of
, 1893 signed by Foreign Sec
retary Litvinoff, which read as
follows:
81. Coincident with the
establishment OF diplomatic
relations between our two
governments, it will be the
fixed policy Of the government
Of the Union Of Soviet Socialist
Republics: To respect scrupu-
lously the indisputable right Of
the United States to order it's
own life within it's own juris-
diction in its own way and to
refrain from interfering in
any manner in the internal af-
fairs of the United States, its
territories or possessions.
80. To refrain, and to re-
strain all persons in govern
ment service and all organiza-
tions of the government or un-
der its direct or indirect con-
troll, including organizations
in receipt of any financial
assistance from it, from any act
overt or covert liable in any
way whatsoever to injure the
tranquility. prosperity, order,
or security of the whole or any
part of the United States, its
territories or possessions, and.
in particular, from any act
tending to incite or encourage
armed Intervention or any agi-
tation or propaganda having
as an aim. the violation of
the territorial integrity of the
United States. it's territories
or possessions, or the bringing
about by force of a change in
the political or social order of
the whole or any part of the
United States, its territories or
possessions.
3. Not to permit the forma-
ton or residence on its terri
tory Of any organization or
group-and to prevent the ac-
tivity on it's territory of any
organization or group, or of
representatives or officials of
any organization or group
which makes claim to be the
Evening star., 1953-11-17

government Of, or makes at
tempt upon the territorial in
tegrity Of, the United States,
its territories or possessions;
not to form, subsidize, support
or permit on it's territory mill
tary organizations or groups
having the aim of armed
struggle against the United
States. it's territories or posses
sions, and to prevent any re-
cruiting on behalf of such
organizations and groups.
"A. Not to permit the forma-
tion or residence on its terri
tory of any organization or
group-and to prevent the ac-
tivity on it's territory of any
organization or group, or OF
representatives or officials Of
any organization or group
which has as an aim the over
throw or the preparation for
the overthrow of, or the bring
ing about by force of a change
in, the political or social order
of the whole or any part of the
United States, its territories or
possessions"
The United States Govern
ment has never set up
any organizations inside Soviet
Russia and in no way has
violated the territorial integ-
rity of the Soviet government.
But the Soviet regime recently
in connection with the Ko-
rean war publicly admitted at
the United Nations meeting in
New York that it had fur
nished arms and ammunition
to the Red Chinese govern
ment which had been pro-
nounced an aggressor by vote
of the U. N. More than 140, 900
American casualties have been
recorded in Korea.
So, on two counts-the
breaking of the letter Of the
U. N. Charter and the violation
of a specific agreement with
the United States-the Soviet
regime is not entitled to any
further consideration as the
recognized government of Rus
sia. An act withdrawing recog-
milton would afford great hope
not only to the oppressed peo-
pie Of Russia but to the peoples
of the satellite states behind
the Iron Curtain.
Reproduction Rights ReservedD
Evening star., 1953-11-17
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

Harry Truman gives his explanation of the big
No wonder Harry getting 100000 for his memois take
fve-foot shelf just to hold the corrections.
Samuel Browne brother of Attorney General
in Education Commonejust in time to schedule
lecture series by his brother how to catch spies
This Harry Dexter White will be cleared up quickly
lot of the politicians who digging into the of
their minds are finding that they don't have far to
Bennett Cert, publisher book that be
hoax refunds the purchase Suggested title of Cerfs
next book: Don't Need Ocean to Take the Cert"
Assistant Attorney General Bergson indicted
charges violating conflict Of interest laws Democrats
ragged They claim their only interest the pubcand how
to stay its payroll.
a cordial message This
is known feeding the hands that bite you
Evening star., 1953-11-17
David Lawrence

Twenty years ago this week
the United States Government
extended diplomatic recogni-
ton to the Soviet government
in Moscow-and the record
shows that every year since,
the Communist government
has violated the solemn
pledges given on that date.
The United States for Is
yearS-from 1917 to 1888
under Republican as well as
Democratic administrations,
had withheld recognition even
though the Communist regime
exercised complete military
control of all the Soviet ter
ritory. The reason was that
the Communist regime had
not shown itself willing or
capable of honoring interna-
tional obligations and had in
sisted on the right to inf1l-
trate the territory of this
country with its organizations.
The story of Harry Dexter
White, Alger Hiss and the
many others who promoted
the Communist cause while
employed by the United States
Government would not be in
the headlines today except for
the presence of Communist
agents such as Elizabeth Bent
ley, Whitaker Chambers and
others who operated at the
behest of Russian agents.
many of them functioning di-
rectly out of the Russian En-
basSy in Washington, and the
Russian consulates in differ
ent parts of the country.
The proof is voluminous that
the Soviet government has
maintained a system of es-
pionage in this country. The
records of the FBI and of the
Senate and House committees
for nearly 20 years have re-
vealed such espionage and in
filtration.
Anybody who reads the
pledges given by Soviet Rus
sia and then looks at the
headlines of today will see at
a glance how fagrantly the
Soviet regime has violated
the pledge it gave the late
President Roosevelt when he
extended recognition No
vember Is, 1888.
Evening star., 1953-11-17

criticism and opposition Of
millions of Frenchmen, par
ticularly those who had been
in the resistance" and who
are adamant about German
rearmament. M. Auriol said.
The French National AS
sembly has, however, the final
word. The Assembly. elected
by the people, is still reluctant
to swallow the German rear.
mament pill. The opponents,
who range from the extreme
right to the Communists.
maintain that Germany's his
tory over the last 80 years does
not justify the confidence.
They say that the Germans
are proud, hard working and
intent on ruling Europe as
they were in the days of Bis
marck. the Kaiser and Hitler.
The blunder committed at
Yalta where President Roose.
velt and Prime Minister Chur.
chill approved the partition
of Germany has intensified
German nationalism. The Ger
mans will achieve their ma
tional unity by hook or crook.
the French believe.
If the Germans are allowed
to rearm, the French believe
and the projected IL divisions
can easily become four times
as large within a short time
they will endeavor to use
force to achieve their unity.
If they are denied this by our
other allies, they will join
Russia. and Western Europe
will eventually be domina ed
by them. Hence the firm de-
termination of the anti-pac-
fists to refuse EDO ratiflca-
ton.
The smaller number of
French politicians who are will
ing to take a more lenient
view. say that the only way
to corset" the Germans and
their unquestionable energy
is to incorporate a definite
number of German divisions
into a European army. But in
view of past experiences, such
as the limitation of the Ger
man forces after World War
I to only 100000 men under
strict Allied control, even
these partisanS Of the EDO
want additional assurances
that 1896 will not be repeated.
These political men concede
that there is much logic in
the fear of Germany as ex-
pressed by the opponents Of
the treaty, but with the neces-
sary additional clauses and
with more concrete assurances
from Britain and the United
States. the thing may be
tried.
What position President
Auriol will take when he is
out of the Elysee and throws
himself once more into the
maelstrom of politics is his
own secret. At this time he ex-
presses no opinion. He merely
sets forth the thinking of the
two divergent groups.
Evening star., 1953-11-17

stirred UP any new trouble.
Dulles of State and Wilson of
Defense had not issued any
conflicting statements regard
ing our military plans in
Europe.
This last fact could support
the belief of the Presidents
friends that he needs to assert
more leadership. Following the
most recent public disagree
ment between Messrs. Dulles
and Wilson, sources close to
the White House" let it be
known that the two cabinet
officers had been directed to
clear any future important
announcements with the
President.
Evening star., 1953-11-17
Lowell MeHett-

The unhappy state of affairs
In Washington these days is
causing friends of President
Eisenhower to ask a question.
Stated in various ways, it
amounts to this: Why doesn't,
or when will, the Commander
in Chief take command?
The administrations con-
tinuing tribulations, these
friends believe, result largely
from the Presidents unwilling
ness to substitute his judgment
for that of his subordinates
in matters that involve basic
issues. He permits them to do
things he wouldn't do. as he
sometimes indicates after the
damage has been done. He re-
frains from exercising a firm
control lest he appear to lack
confidence in his lieutenants.
After 10 months he hasn't yet
discovered that many Of these
lieutenantS brought no greater
experience in public affairs to
their jobs than he did to his.
Nor has. he realized that some
of them have less intuitive
understanding of democratic
government than he possesses.
He is still capableNof telling
a man to let his, conscience
be his guide in q matter of
supreme Importance without
first making certain how good
a guide that mans conscience
may be.
The consequence of this
loose rein operation was strik-
ingly illustrated on the first
page of a friendly newspaper
Saturday. OF the five top
stories that day, three made
the point.
One was the report of a
committee of nationally recog-
nized scientists concerning the
National Bureau of Standards,
bringing to a close the gro
tesque episode for which the
Secretary Of Commerce, Sin
Evening star., 1953-06-25
Eisenhower Orders
End Of Truman Civil
Service Safeguards

Despite protests that have al
ready stirred on Capitol Hill,
President Eisenhower today is
sued an executive order which
will remove the job protection
from thousands of Government
workers blanketed under Civil
Service by former President
Truman in 1947.
The order is aimed at Govern
ment workers who entered serv-
ice by competition and then
were advanced to so-called
schedule A jobs in the higher
levels where the dismissal re-
quirements of the competitive
civil service were lacking.
The Truman order restored
these safeguards.
Today's order reads:
Except as may be required by
Evening star., 1953-06-25

the Veterans Preference Act, the
civil service rules and regula-
tions shall not apply to removals
from positions listed in sched-
ules A and c or from positions
excepted from the competitive
service by statute. The civil
service rules and regulations
shall apply to removals from
positions listed in schedule B of
persons who have competitive
status. however they may have
been or may be appointed"
The order was announced
earlier in the week at the White
House and Immediately drew fire
from Democratic sources as "a
patronage grab"
Senator Monroney of Okla
homa, a Democratic member of
the Senate Civil Service Com
mittee, said Civil Service Com
mission Chairman Philip Young
should be called before the
committee to be questioned about
the order.
Evening star., 1953-06-25
Panama Canal Firm
Makes Pickles, Too

BALBOA, Canal zone.-The
Panama Canal Co. realized a
net profit of $2,369, 900 in 1852
on commercial tolls of $27 mil
lion.
The company, a complex or
ganization. operates not only the
canal, but also a steamship line,
barges, cranes, huge drydocks, a
railroad, hotels. schools, real
estate Office, an abattoir, "a tele-
phone system, a golf course, a
coffee roasting plant, a dairy
farm, a bakery, a sausage fac
tory, and a pickle plant.
Evening star., 1953-06-25

John Carson. %, 141o gelmene st: NV,
and Shirley colson. "a. 1858 Monroe
George Branch. 10. $40 Q st. NV. and
Eleanor Kelley. 19' 256 5Sth st. ne
Reeinald Smith. "a 446 9th st; s.Wt'
George Kerns, AZ, 500 st. NV. and
Anne Clark; 3s' 41s 9Th 9Th st. Idw.v sd;w; st
% NV. and Marian Davis. IS, Chevy
Glenn Gordon. jr.. 80 urbana. ILL.,. and
Lorraine Gum. 30, Winnipeg, Cana
Franklin DeLaine. "a. Raleigh N. G..
and Annie Peasant. 81. Birmingham,
oeorse Forsythe, 81. New York City, and
'Asi Patricia h"t' Cole. 25. sIsS Decatur pl.
joseph sDiIle, 90 90, webb G CITY. No No, and
VIII Cheeks; e Sao 80; and = Mary sOies' so
James Morgan. 50, and Billie Hill. 21,
Joseph psGscq s. 1a49 ss St MHs and
Ralph Nye, s1' SO. and and Agnes Baker. 40.
FredeFicP en K MAJ MsgnSs. Ssa .; S4 M Harlem Mont.
and Jenntfer Verwiebe. "a, $3.50 Ma
:, and Marian west, q: 361a r St. NV;
veSRHn Mssss kfy Pycnfsr f Asdf5SS9 A. sS5 s. e. and
Iss' Msrs Gowns sowmsn' a. s$. g. BiusdsiS, W ". Va: a.
Joseph bd3S 4SnofK of Rutand G avg Vt Sylvia Page
BENJAMIN Ray. l9, HuntingtoWn' Nd
Leonard TIE khSas: e T. i655 i Bryant @ 3i ST S;s, Md
David Kline. As. and Frances Fairfax,
45. both of 331 10th st. ne.