davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-08-12
CeyIon Acts 10 Check
Violence in Red Strike
BY The Assecioied Press

COLOMBO, Aug. 12.-Ceylon' s
cabinet declared a state of emer-
gency today as a Communist
called strike marked BY out
breaks of violence spread across
the island.
The demonstrators are protest.
ing a recent threefold increase
in the price of rice following
withdrawal of a government
subsidy. The strike has princi-
pally crippled transport through
out the country.
The declaration of a state of
emergency-similar to martial
LAWS aimed at checking a
wave Of trike-connected terror
ist attacks that threaten to para
lyze the economic life Of Ceylon.
-Four pilgrims to a Catholic
shrine at Madhu, in North Cey-
Ion. were injured early today
. when a bomb was tossed at the
car in which they were travelling
13 miles from Colombo.
Terrorists have blown up Sec
ton of the coastal rail line at
Hikkaduwa, so miles from Co
lombo.
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Dulles Doesn't Mind Democrats in Agency

Secretary of State Dulles said
today that Democrats are &C
ceptable employees Of the State
Department because American
foreign policy is largely bi-parti-
san.
He told q newsconference that
he does not apply political test
for department employees.
His remarks were in contrast
with some interpretations of a
speech delivered to the American
Legion Convention in Topeka,
Kans.. by r. w. Scott Mcleod,
administrator Of the depart
ment's Bureau of Security and
Consular Affairs.
A reporter told Mr.. Dulles that
the thesis Of the Mcleod speech
appeared to be that no one was
fit to remain in State Depart
ment employ who had not ad-
justed his ideas to those of the
Eisenhower administration. The
reporter asked II this meant that
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Like HitIers Rallies
Reds Festival in Romanio
Called Expert Propaganda
But Reporter Tells Of Poverty and Misery
Of People Looking to U. S. for Liberation

Communist empire except per-
haps China.
2. A sullen, hungry people
placing hope in the United
States for liberation.
3. Secret police control of life
and thought so thorough that
thousands live lives of daily ter
ror while a few top Communists
live in luxury.
But thousands of invited west
ern youths who are not Com
munists may be deceived and
convinced by the skillful stage
management of the Communists
who organized the festival.
The affair, which runs another
week. also appears to have re-
Taxed the tension of the is
million Romanians, on whom the
screws were SO tight before the
festival that Western diplomats
say another twist might have
produced a popular uprising.
Before we left Bucharest a
Romanian secretly slipped us a
letter which expressed what
scores of people said after we
had eluded the secret police to
talk to them.
do not leave with the i'm
preston the Romanian people
live as they appear to live now
during the festival" the letter
declared. For three months
before, the Communist govern
(See ROMANIA, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1953-08-12
5 PIMA Officials Quit,
Protest Benson Policies
BY the Asseeieted Press

NEW BRUNSWICK, N. j., Aug.
12.-All five members of the
State committee of the Federal
Production and Marketing Ad-
rninistration have resigned be-
cause of the change in national
administration and its views on
farm crop controls, an officer of
the group announced today.
Appointment of successors to
the committee, , branch Of the
Department Of Agriculture, is
expected within q few days.
Charles A. Collins Of Moores-
town, chairman of the commit
tee. said he believed Secretary
Of Agriculture Benson should
be given the opportunity to ap-
point a man of his own choice to
such an important post as I
hold-a man who believes more
completely than I in his philos-
ophy for solving farm problems.
II question whether it is good
for agriculture or the country in
general to let nature take its
course or that free enterprise
applied to farming. alone will
solve the problem"
Mr.. Benson has been reducing
farm controls since his appoint
ment by President Eisenhower,
Evening star., 1953-08-12

nobody who had voted for Demo-
cratic Candidate Adlai Steven
son last November could be re-
tanned.
Mr.. Dulles replied no, point
ing out that for q good many
years there had been a large
amount of bipartisanship in
foreign policy. He said he hoped
that would continue.
Mr.. Dulles was also asked what
he thought of statements by Mr..
Mcleod in a recent letter to
Socialist leader Norman Thomas
that he would not knowingly
employ a Socialist in a policy
making position, and would try
to get rid of any Socialists he
found in such positions.
The Secretary replied he was
not sufficiently familiar with the
Socialist platform to know
whether it was incompatible with
the administrators policy.
Reminded that the statements
he was being asked about were
Evening star., 1953-08-12
73 Healthy POWs
Exchanged in April
Held Progressive
81 the Assoeiated Press

INCHON, Aug. IA New
Jersey soldier said today 13
fellow prisoners in a North
Korean camp "wno weren't sick
at all" were exchanged with sick
and wounded prisoners last April
while others who were in bad
shape remained behind.
Some of them looked sheepish
as they walked out of the camp
under the eyes of men suffering
from frozen feet, battle wounds,
tuberculosis and heart trouble,
Sergt. Walter E. Bray. %, Carl
stadt, N. j., said.
Sergt. Bray said Is Americans
from his compound were ex-
changed in operation little
SWITCH" but only two were actu-
ally sick, and that the 13 others
were "progressives" who CO.
operated with the Communists.
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Piccioni Drops
Effort 10 Form
RonneCabiinet
StortIes Politicians;
De Gosperi May Be
Called Again in Crisis
BY the Associated Press

ROME, Aug. 12.-Conservative
Attilio Piccioni abandoned his ef-
forts today to form a new Center
coalition government that would
end Italy's 15-day crisis. Startled
political circles expect former
Premier Alcide de Gasperi may
be asked to try once again to
take over.
Mr.. Piccioni's decision caused
a political sensation, since he
was expected to name a cabinet
today made UP of members of
his oWn-and Mr.. de Gasperi's-
Christian Democrat Party and
including Liberals, anti-Commu-
mist Socialists, Republicans and
other small Center parties.
Reliable sources said the 61-
year-old party wheelhorse de-
cided to give up after Liberal
and Social Democrat leaders OBJ
| jected to his inclusion Of too
many familiar Christian Demo-
crat faces from the previous gov
ernment, which fell July %.
Differences in Own Party.
Even in his own party there
were reported differences over
the division of cabinet posts. Mr..
Plccioni is a right-winger in the
party.
Mr. de Gasperi still heads the
caretaker government that has
been running the country during
the crisis-a government without
power to make policy decisions.
It is doubtful that President
Luigi Einaudi can do much to-
ward ending the crisis for at
least another week. This week
end is "Ferragosto," the tradi-
tional Italian August week end
in which the whole nation goes
on holiday. Even newspapers
I1alt puDllcaGlOn.
Task Called Impossible.
In announcing his decision to
give up, Mr.. Piccioni said:
II had thought. following the
latest consultations, that it would
be truly possible to create an ac-
tive and profitable collaboration
(among Center parties).
Il was forced to realize with
sadness the impossibility. insofar
as my leadership is concerned, of
positively concluding this task.
AS a consequence. I have asked
the President of the republic to
accept my remuneration of the
task of forming a government"
Mr.. Piccioni then left for the
summer home of President Luigi
Einaudi to tell him of his de-
cision.
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Gov. Lausche 10 Delay
Naming Taft Successor
By the Associated Press

COLUMBUS, Ohio. Aug. 12.-
Gov. Frank j. Lausche said to-
day he will delay filling the va
cancy created by the death Of
Senator Robert A. Taft because
the Senate is not in session.
But am not going to let
it go along for any protracted
period" the governor told news
men.
Statute requires the Demo-
cratic governor to fill the va
cancy created by the death July
81 of Senator Taft, often called
"Mr. Republican" The governor
and Mrs. Lauschc returned to
Columbus today from San Jose,
Calf. He went TO California to
visit relatives after the national
governors conference last week
in Seattle, Wash.
Evening star., 1953-08-12
4 Navy Flyers Killed
In Crash al WestoVer
BY the Assoeiofed Press

WESTOvER AIR FORCE
BASE. Mass, Aug. 12.-Four
Navy men were killed today
when their plane crashed and
burned while taking off on a
routine training flight.
The Public Information Office
said the four-engine RCD veered
when about 200 feet in the air.
A wing struck the ground and
the craft cartwheeled and burst
into flames.
Officials said there was a pos
sibility a fifth man may have
been aboard. The men were
members of the Naval Air Trans
port Squadron 6.
Base officials said the big RCD
planes carry "a normal crew of
seven" and can accommodate "a
passengers. The type of plane
has been in operation about
three years, they added, and is
used for transport operations.
Cause of the crash was not
known Immediately.
Names of those aboard were
withheld pending notification of
relatives.
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Reds Must Free All
Prisoners or Violate
Truce, Dulles Says
Insists on Return of
Convicted Cuptives and
Cites Armistice Terms
By Gornett D. Homer

Secretary Of State Dulles said
today that refusal of the Com
munists to return any allied
prisoners Of war in Korea-even
those they 'allege have been con-
victed of crimes while in custody
would be a violation OF the
armistice terms.
He told new conference that
any open violation of the truce
terms without an excuse would
raise the whole question of
whether the armistice had broken
down so as to call for resump-
ton of the war.
He emphasized, however, that
so far nothing suggests to him
that renewing the fighting is a
likely or even possible conse-
quence of what is going on.
Draws Line at Excuse.
Mr.. Dulles made some distinc-
ton as to the seriousness with
which the United States would
regard Communist withholding
of prisoners allegedly convicted
of crimes and the refusal to re-
turn prisoners without any ex-
cuSe at all.
He conceded there might be
some basis under the Geneva
Convention for the Communists
to claim the right to hold United
States prisoners alleged to have
committed crimes while in GUS
tody. But he insisted that the
armistice terms are clear cut and
categorical in calling for the re-
lease of "all' prisoners. He en-
phasized that the United States
holds that the armistice terms
supercede the Geneva Conven-
ton on this point.
The Secretary pointed out that
the United Nations command
holds a Substantial number of
Communist prisoners of war
who have committed crimes, -
and said their return to Com
munist hands will be held up
until the last $50 we shall first
know whether or not the Com
muniSt intend to withhold the
(See DULLES, Page AID
Evening star., 1953-08-12
100 GIs Are Freed
In Eighth Exchange;
All Appear Healthy
ESQ South Koreans
Come Home in PitifuI
Shape in AmbuIonces
BY the As.eeicfed Press

PANMUNJOM, Aug. 12.-One
hundred hale and happy Ameri-
cans streamed through the bam-
boo curtain at Panmunjoul
today, starting the second
dramatic week of Korean war
prisoner exchange.
But their South Korean
comrades again came home in
wretched shape. Pitiful living
skeletons were passed tenderly
from Communist ambulances to
litters carried by allied soldiers
Four hundred in all got their
freedom during the day. There
were 100 Americans, IS British
Is Turks and $50 South Koreans
The Communists promised tc
hand over rs Americans, rs
British and $50 South Koreans
all able bodied-at Thursdays
swap, the ninth since the ex-
change started.
The total will boost the num-
Der of Americans liberated to
823 of 1913 the Reds said they
held.
Reds Late This Time.
The Reds were 2 hours and 25
minutes late in making the last
delivery Wednesday of Is Ameri-
cans and Is British. 1t was the
first flaw in an otherwise smooth
operation.
The Communists said the rea-
son for the delay was that they
had been unable to get men
from Camp l at Changsong to
the Kaesong collecting center
just north of Panmunjom in time
to meet the delivery schedule.
Americans in the last batch
delivered Wednesday were from
the Changsong camp.
All previous allied repatriates
have come from Camp 5 at Pyok-
tong near the Manchurian bor-
der. the largest of the North
Korean stockades.
Secretary of the Army Robert
T. Stevens talked with some Of
the returning Americans. He
told newsmen at Freedom Viii
lage, the processing center at
Munsan, that every conceivable
effort" would be made to get
back all the United States pris-
oners held by the Communists.
United Nations officials said
the last of 5,495 Chinese Com
munist prisoners to be re-
patriated will be delivered to the
Reds Thursday.
Thursdays group will be made
up of 222 le-bodied Chinese,
1900 healthy North Koreans and
$50 sick or wounded North Ko-
reans. q U. N. spokesman re-
ported.
A surly. batch of 2.7S5 Chinese
and North Koreans, including
1000 North Korean civilians, was
(See POWs, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Greek Quakes
Still Rock Isles;
400 Dead Likely
Parts Of ArgostoIi :
And lthucu Ruined;
Refugees Arriving
BY the Associated Press

ATHENS. Aug. H.. - Strong
earthquakes continued to shake
Greece'S Ionian Sea islands for
the fourth successive day today
and the toll of casualties and
damage mounted steadily.
Off1cial reports last night
placed the quake toll then at
$50 dead, but survivors predicted
it would top 400.
Word of the continuing tenn
hlorS came from the captain Of
the Greek Navy ship Lymnos at
Argostoli, chief port of the is
land of Kefallinia. He radioed
that his vessel was being rocked
necessarily by underwater up-
heavals.
He said Argostoh. once a Brit.
ish naval base visited many
times by the United States 9Th
Fleet, was completely destroyed.
Refugees Reach Piraeus.
The Greek coastal steamer
Karaiskakis arrived today at
Piraeus, port city serving Athens
on the minland, with 500 sur
vivors from Kefallinia and
Ithaca.
Many women and children
were in the crowd of refugees
some women carrying babies In
their arms while older children
carried the few possessions they
had managed to salvage from the
rubble of their destroyed homes.
AS the Greek government
rushed aid, United States Air
Force units across the Mediter-
ranean in Tripoli readied hell.
copters to drop food and nedi-
cal supplies on isolated villages
in the stricken islands.
Welfare minister Constantine
Adamopoulos, touring the
stricken areas off the west Gen.
trail Greek coast. advised the
government he had found "un-
precedented tragedy and dam
age"
Many Still Under Debris.
The official count of dead and
injured Jagged far behind un-
official tallies. Many victims were
still buried under masses Of
rubble.
Greek army engineers were
rushed to the ravaged island Of
Kefallinia to help in the rescue
work. The landing ship Alfeios
reached the island, one of the
hardest hit. last night with medi-
cal personnel and emergency
supplies.
Fourth Trem0r in Three Days.
Kefallinia and it's l1eighboring
Islands off the west central Greek
coast have been rocked by a wave
of recurring quakes since Mon
day. The fourth tremor in three
days shook the area last night.
Scattered and fragmentary re-
ports told of whole towns being
destroyed, of survivors living In
the open and short of food.
The governors Office of Kefal-
linia appealed for helicopters to
fly doctors, nurses and medical
supplies. 1t described the situa.
ton as hopeless"
Reports said fears Of new
quakes kept unhurt inhabitants
from searching the wreckage of
their towns and villages for dead
and injured.
Town of Samis Wiped Out.
The quakes knocked out most
communications with the islands,
but witnesses reaching the main
land said the town of Sanis. on
Kefallinia, had been completely
wiped out. Samis was an impor-
(See OJJAKES. Pare A-3l
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Fox Sails His Gutter
Into West Indies

VOYAGE ENDs-colin Leslie Fox.
Enslishmon who soiIed across the At-
lontic 0cean alone in a small cutter,
tells how he reached the West Indies
in the fourth Of series on pess A.
WHAT is MELPAR?-For one
thing, it's q multi-miIlion dolIor busi-
ness thot grows by Ieops and bounds.
Its young scientists and engineers ere
concerned with eleetronies. q subject
Of increasing importance. The story
Of the virsinio venture is told BY
Hugh Humphrey on pose A-lS. \
DISPLACED ANlMALS-A FaIIs
Church woman devotes her spore tims
to finding homes for whot she de-
scribes as Displaced animals. See story
on poee B-l.
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Quake in South Italy
Results in Near-Panic
BY the Associased Press

ROME. Aug. 12.-An earth
quake rocked a large area of
Southern Italy today, according
to reports received here by the
Italian Radio network.
The radio said the quake, Of
moderate force, caused near
panic in a number of communi-
ties in the heel of the Italian
peninsula. but that there were
no reports of casualties.
Taranto, Lecce, Brindisi and
Foggia all reported some proper
ty damage. including the cole
lapse of two houses.
Evening star., 1953-08-12

Curtain to this show-the so
called fourth world festival of
youth"-returned to Vienna yes
terday. This correspondent was
one of them.
Beneath the brilliant spectacle
that must be costing millions of
dollars-a spectacle so skillfully
organized it made the Nazi
propaganda experts look like
schoolboys-we found:
/. Despair and poverty prob
ably unmatched anywhere in the
Evening star., 1953-08-12

~-~~~~@-@-s~~--~~-~~--~-~
the American Government is
skeptical toward the H-bomb
claims of Soviet Premier Ma
lenkoy.
Malenkov told the Supreme
Soviet in Moscow on Saturday
that the United States no longer
has a monopoly on H-bomb pro-
duction - apparently meaning
that Russia has mastered pro-
duction of the weapon.
Asked about this speech today,
Secretary Dulles replied that the
United States accepts with some
skepticism the statement of the
Soviet Premier in that respect.
The United States. he added,
has no independent evidence to
support the MalenKov claim.
Secretary Dulles found the rest
of the Malenkov speech an i'm
portant statement on Soviet do
mestic affairs.
The foreign policy parts of the
of the Malenkov speech. Secre-
tary Dulles. said, repeated fa-
miliar theme designed to cause
disunity in the free world and
upset invigoration of Western
Europe.
But on domestic affairs. Ma
lenkov promised the Soviet peo-
pie more consumer goods and a
greater participation in the
Communist government, Secre-
tary Dulles said.
Secretary Dulles said the
United States will watch very
eagerly to see if such a program
actually is carried out.
The United States, he said,
would welcome such a program
because it would mean that more
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Reds Tour Air Boses

BUENOIS AIRES. Aug. IL
(P)-The Russian delegation that
signed q trade agreement here
last week Is on q tour of air
force installations in Cordoba as
guests OF the Argentine govern
ment.
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Bulletin
Durocher Siqns Contra.

Durocher Signs Contract
NEW YORK (P.-Manager
Leo DurOeher of the Giants
today signed q new contract
which runs through the 1855
season. Horace StOneham,
president of the sIumping
fifth-place club, offered the
contract as . vote Of conf
dence In Durocher, whose
custer had been rumOFed.
Evening star., 1953-08-12

RiehOrd Oregon. chief Of the Asso-
cioted Press bureau in Vienna, has
just returned from the Communist
sponsored "World Youth Festival" in
Bucharest, eopitol Of Red Romonio.
He and three other American cor
respondents formed the first porty Of
United Stotes newsmen given Ro-
monion visos In more thon five years.
In this article he presents his first
impressions on his return.
Evening star., 1953-08-12
Like HitIer's RuIIies
By Richard Oregon

Associated Press Foreign Correspondent
VIENNA, Aug. 12.-One of the
greatest propaganda shows since
Hitler'S famous Nazi Party rail-
lies is going on now in Com
munist Romania-aS complete a
police state as is the Soviet
Union.
Two Of four American news
men invited behind the Iron
Evening star., 1953-08-12
War Casualties Rise
569 TO 142,294 in
Latest u. 5. Report
Red Claim of Death
Of 1,169 Americans in
Comp Is Not Included
BY the Assoeiatsd Press

The Defense Department today
announced a new total Of 142,294
United States battle casualties
in what may be the next to last
weekly summary of the Korean
war.
The new total was $50 higher
than last weeks. It reflected the
start Of the prisoner exchange by
listing 35 fewer current missing
and 166 fewer known prisoners.
Todays summary did not re-
fleet the Communist report that
1,169 Americans died in captivity
or escaped from Red prison
camps. The military services
continue to view with suspicion
the lists of dead furnished by
the Communists.
Therefore the men identified
by the Reds as having died will
continue to be listed as missing
in action until all efforts to de-
termine their fate have been
made.
The Defense Departments
weekly summary. based on noti-
fications to families through last
Friday, showed:
Evening star., 1953-08-12

Current missing ty) $500 8,670
(x) Includes killed in action,
2,467 fatally wounded and 369
dead, originally reported missing
(y) After deducting from gross
total 1.734 returned, 1885 known
captured and 800 known dead.
Cd Denotes decrease.
Following is a breakdown of
the casualties by services:
Evening star., 1953-08-12
By james (. Roper

Secretary of State Dulles said
today the United States has
found no evidence that the
Soviet Union has exploded a
hydrogen bomb.
For this reason, Secretary
Dulles told a press conference,
Text in Trud Reveals MoIenkov Didn' I
Soy Reds Hoxe H-Bomb. Poee At
Evening star., 1953-08-12

(See ROMANIA, Page ABB
Evening star., 1953-08-12

(See POWs, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1953-08-12

(See DULLES, Page AID
Evening star., 1953-08-12

(see PARIS, Page A-7J
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-07-22

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Milford chronicle., 1953-02-20
BABSON Discusses War Business

BABSON PARK, Florida, February 90 - Last
week discussed Korea and stated that the Chinese
will get sick of it before this year ends AS we are
already tired of the conflict, this means that 1853
Will see Korean Peace with our boys coming home
again.
WATCH KOREA
For the above we all should be thankful: but
the question arises to how this will affect your
lob. Surely both the railroads and many industries
are now profting greatly by the Korean War What
Will happen to them when boys withdraw?
FIRST let us realize that our BOYS cannot with
draw until the South Koreans are trained and equip
ped to take their places. This means that it may be
1854 before our boys get back. However it may not
reduce the number of new draftees With only
about $4,000 men in Korea, over 100000 new re-
cruts each year are needed to merely provide re-
placements in our total military forces
AN ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION
We must supply the South Korean armies with
tood' ammunition and clothing. We assume that our
boys will give the South Koreans their guns and
other equipment, including airplanes Hence by
year end, as the South Koreans may be doing mostly
only guard and practice work. the demand upon us
Will be materially cut down. Until hare-up occurs
In Indo-China, Malaga somewhere else the traffic
OF our western railroads will surely be much less
Peace or war will make little difference to the
maintenance expenses of our Navy or its men, Many
OF the ships now patrolling the coast Of Korea will
De sent to other waters; but their expenses will
go on just the same. In way this also applies to
our air force. We will lose fewer planes to be re-
placed but they all must be kept in the air Certain