davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-05-04
Penny's Worth Of Croft

HONG KONG, May 4 R.-A
24-year-old Chinese worker in
the Hong Kong sanitary depart
ment has been sentenced to nine
weeks Imprisonment on charges
of corruption in Office. The
worker, Tang Kwong Fat. plead
ed guilty to taking a bribe for
letting two people dump rubbish
in his government collecting van.
The bribe was equal to less than
one American penny.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
Private Primary Ban
On Negroes Is Called
Illegal by High Court
18th Amendment Held
Abused by Texas Group;
Authorities Criticized
By Robert K. Walsh

The Supreme Court held to-
day that Negroes were illegally
barred from voting in advance
primary elections conducted by
private organization of Demo-
Gratis in Texas.
The tribunal, in a 7-to-1 de-
cision, severely criticized Texas
State authorities for permitting
''such a duplication of its cleo
tionS processes as to permit a
fragrant abuse of those processes
to defeat the purposes of the
Fifteenth Amendment to the
Constitution"
The pre-primaries have been
conducted since 1889 by the Jay
bird Democratic Association, Fort
Bend County, Tex, for the nomi-
nation of county and precinct
officers.
Five File Complaint.
The candidates nominated in
the Jaybird election were put
on the ballot as candidates for
the regular Democratic primary.
The case reached the Supreme
Court after five Texas Negroes
complained that their conStitu-
tional rights were violated when
the association refused to per-
NIT them or any Negroes to vote
in it's primaries.
Today's opinion, from which
Justice Minton dissented, was
written by Justice Black. He
noted that the court ruled sew
eral years ago that the Demo-
cratic Party of Texas violated
the Constitution by excluding
Negroes from voting in the reg
ular party primaries.
Seen Bar to Negroes.
''It is apparent" Justice Black
wrote, that Jaybird activities
follow a plan purposefully Ge-
signed to exclude Negroes from
voting and at the same time to
escape the Fifteenth Amend
ment's command that the right
of citizens to vote shall neither
be denied nor abridged on &C
count of race.
Clearly, the amendment in
cludes any election In which
public issues are decided or pub
lie officials selected. Just as
clearly the amendment excludes
social or business clubs. For
State to permit such a dupli-
cation of its election processes is
to permit a flagrant abuse of
those processes to defeat the
purposes of the Fifteenth Amend
ment. The use of a county
operated primary to ratify the
result of the prohibited election
merely compounds the offense."
Evening star., 1953-05-04
'Broin-Woshing' of U.S.. POWs
Appears to Be Big Woshout
Returned Men interviewed at Valley Forge
Show No Toint of Communist Propaganda

news stories labelling them Red
sympathizers.
All of the former prisoners
interviewed said they had been
bombarded with Communist
propaganda in North Korea, but
the Reds gained no converts.
they said.
One Negro soldier, Pfc. Roger
Herndon. 20, Jacksonville. Fla,
said with a smile: They tried
to show us the best they had
which was nothing"
Most of the men summed up
their treatment under the Reds
as rough-sometimeS almost in
humanity American standards,
but usually about as good as
they could expect under the cir
cumStances.
Their stores varied in detail
but were similar in outline. After
their captre each had been
marched north to prison camps.
But they did not call the 8 to 20
days of walking a death march"
or even a forced march. +"
Wounded prisoners who could
not keep up were usually left
along the road, apparently be-
cause no transportation was
available. None of the men re-
ported killings or bayonetings.
Asked about treatment in
prison camps early in the war,
M/Sergt. Walter McCollum, Lake
Charles, La, said simply, There
was no treatment. We huddled
up like cows"
Lived 20 in Hut.
AS many as 20 men lived in
each 8 foot by 8 foot mud and
straw hut. They had no razors
or soap and received little medi-
(See VALLEY FORGE, Pg. A-6.)
Evening star., 1953-05-04
D. C.. Man Freed
From POW Camp
Is Flying Home

A Washington soldier was fly
ing home today on one of two
military transports which left
Tokyo bearing 38 repatriated
American war prisoners.
He is Corpl. John L. Walters,
whose wife, Mrs. Eloise L. Wat
ters, lives at 33 Galveston street
S.W. and works at Boiling Air
Force Base. They have a A.
year-old son.
The planes are expected to
stop briefly at Honolulu and
continue to Travis Air Force
Base near San Francisco.
Only IA of the 149 United
States servicemen freed in the
sick and wounded prisoner ex-
change remain in Tokyo, Asso-
ciated Press dispatches said.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
Czechs Follow
Soviet Lead in
Amnesty0rder
Imprisoned Ootis
Not Expected to
Benefit From Decree
By the Associntad Press

VIENNA. Austria, May "A
second Communist satellite
Czechoslovakia - proclaimed an
amnesty in the Soviet pattern
today for lesser offenders, both
civilian and military.
Radio Prague said the clem-
ency decree, signed by President
Antonin zapotocky, went into
effect today.
The broadcast made no men,
ton of Associated Press Core
Spondent William N. Oats, ar
rested two years ago in Prague
on charges of spying and now
serving 10-year jail sentence.
Oats Likely to Stay.
1t seemed unlikely that Mr..
Oats would benefit from the
decree. The Czech amnesty, like
those proclaimed for the Soviet
Union and for Communist Ro-
mania. specifically excluded all
persons convicted of treason,
espionage, sabotage or crimes
against the peace"
Such a provision will leave
thousands still in the Czech jails.
Since the Communists seized
power in 1948, most persons
jailed have been convicted on
one of those counts.
The new Soviet regime pro-
claimed the first sweeping Red
clemency on March 27 after
Stains death. Romania fol-
lowed suit on April 4 and West
ern observers speculated that the
other East European satellites
Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hun
gary, Bulgaria, Albania and oc-
Cupied East Germany-Would
take similar action.
Hungary's ruling, Communist
led Peoples Front in an election
appeal three weeks ago promised
reconciliation and forgiveness"
for all wanting to do "construc-
tive work irrespective of
his mistakes and errors in the
past" But this possible indi-
cation of amnesty has not been
followed up, so far, by an an
nouncement of such clemency.
Details of Amnesty.
The Czech decree said imme-
diate freedom would be given all
youths serving sentences of less
than a year, all pregnant women
or women serving two-year SEN
tenceS and with children under
10 years, all persons with serious
or incurable diseases. all women
over so and all men over 60.
Sentences of more than one
year were reduced by two-thirds.
Life terms were cut to 20 years
and all fines up to 10000 crowns
($400O imposed in addition to
prison sentences were lifted.
Many pending cases were Or
dered dropped.
The decree said the clemency
was being ordered because lin
the unhappy days in which
President Klement GottWald
died, the Czech people demon
Strated their unity and now have
gathered firmly around President
zapotocky."
Observers here, however. be-
lieved the decree was designed
to alleviate popular discomfort
resulting from a critical food
shortage and extreme production
demands being made on work.
erS.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
Flyer Dies as Plane
Hits Boy Near Houses
By the Assoeioted Press

NORFOLK, May A Navy
pilot crashed to his death yes
terday when his flaming Bearcat
fighter plunged into the Chesa-
peake Bay about so feet from a
thickly- settled residential dis
trict.
The Navy identified him as 1t.
G.gD Russell Alvin Walter, 27,
of nearby Norview.
Navy officers theorized that he
smashed into the bay rather than
chance hitting houses along the
shore.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
81 Capsules in Boby's Blanket
Hold Womun>us Dope Seller

Fifty-Seven capsules of sus-
pected heroin found in the folds
of a baby's blanket yesterday
brought the arrest of a woman
on dope-peddling charges.
Accused of illegal possession
and sale of narcotics was Fannie
Hunt, 20, colored, of Logan circle
NV.
Police said an undercover
agent bought a capsule Of sus-
pected heroin from the woman
early yesterday. Later. six men
from No. 2 Precinct led by 1t.
John w. Nally and Sergt. John
Evening star., 1953-05-04
Arlington Man Dies
After Fall From Window

A 63-year-old Arlington man
died in Arlington Hospital this
morning about two hours after
he was found critically injured
in a basement areaway beneath
his bedroom window at the Lee
High Apartments.
He was Paul j. Matheson, a
Government electrician, of 2511
Arlington boulevard.
DR.. w. C.. Welburn, county
coroner. said Mr.. Matheson died
of a fractured skull. He said it
apparently was an accidental
death.
Police said the man was found
by a neighbor about $50 am.
His wife Elmina had left for
work about an hour earlier. The
couple had no children.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
VA Guard Killed in Falling
70 Feet From Window

A Veterans Administration
guard was killed early today
when he fell from a second floor
window at his home.
The victim was Roman F.
Bushinsky, "a. who lived in an
apartment above store at 6211
Dix street NE.
He was found dead by Mrs.
Dolly Dry, wife of his landlord,
Robert F. Dry. The Drys told
police that earlier last night Mr..
BushinSky, a native of Plainf1eld,
N. j., had been walking restlessly
around the apartment.
Police said he apparently got
too close to the window and
toppled 20 feet to the concrete
sidewalk.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
Allies Inform Reds
Time for Truce Talks
Is Fast Running Out
Pokiston Accepted
To Keep POWs, but
Enemy Stays Silent
By the Associoted Press

PANM UNJOM, May fine
allies nominated Paklstan today
as a neutral caretaker for war
prisoners who won't go home,
and warned the apparently sur
prised Reds: Time is "fast run
ming out" in the Korean truce
talks.
Although Pakistan was one of
four Asian nations listed by the
Reds as acceptable neutrals, the
Communists sat mum.
Without even mentioning the
allied choice, the Reds asked and
received a recess until II am.
tomorrow (10 pm. Monday,
EDIT, possibly to consult higher
echelon Red officials.
1t. Gen. William K. Harrison,
chief United Nations delegate,
nominated Pakistan at the be-
ginning of the meeting and then
told the Reds:
"We are obliged to tell you
once again that we will not en-
gage in protracted and fruitless
discussion during the current
negotiations" which began
April 25.
Third Nation Nominated.
The Communists Saturday
suggested PakiStan, Burma, In
dia and Indonesia as acceptable
hosts for the $4,000 Red prison.
ers who won't go home.
Pakistan was the third nation
nominated by the United Ma
tions. First was Switzerland,
which the Reds opposed. Then
Sweden. The Communists in
sisted on an Asian nation. They
want the reluctant POWs
shipped to the neutral country
for screening after an armistice
is agreed upon. The allies want
a neutral country to assume
control of them in Korea.
Qn Karachi, Prime Minister
Mohammed Ali said he saw no
objection to Pakistan serving
as custodian for POWs.)
Gen. Harrison told reporters
THE current negotiations are
really no different from last
summer" The allies broke off
the meetings October 8 when the
Reds kept stalling on the pris-
oner-eXchange question.
Gen. Harrison said no time
limit has been set for the armis-
tice talks, but twice inside the
conference hut, he delivered an
(See TRUCE, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1953-05-04

munism by their Korea captors
would be sent to Valley Forge
Hospital for psychiatric care
plus a veil of secrecy thrown
around a plane load of 20 men
sent there-led to rumors that
the men were pro-Communist.
No Taint Shown.
The ex-POWS who talked free
ly to newsmen yesterday showed
no taint of communism. 1t. Col
Phillip Smith, chief psychiatrist
at the hospital, said he had talked
to all of the men and that none
of them had made pro-Commun-
iSt statements.
All of the group needed med
ical care for malnutrition, tuber-
culosis, amputations and so
forth. None was in immediate
need of psychiatric care, Col,
Smith said.
The men who did not meet
the press, a hospital spokesman
said, were bed ridden or were
busy talking with relatives or
were angry with the press over
Evening star., 1953-05-04

Kenney went to the woman's
apartment.
When they entered, the woman
was standing with a baby in
her arms. The officers searched
the apartment without success.
Then they shook the baby'S
blanket and the 81 capsules fell
out.
The woman left the baby with
a friend and then was taken to
police headquarters. A 34-year-
old colored man found in the
apartment also was taken to
headquarters for questioning.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
By the Associated Press

NEW YORK, May 4.-Band-
leader Artie Shaw told House in
vestigators today that so far as
he knew he never had been a
Communist-although he had
attended meetings conducted by
Hollywood Reds.
Mr.. Shaw was the first witness
before the House Committee on
Un-American Activities as it
launched a new investigation
into possible Communist infiltra-
ton into the entertainment in
duStry.
About As persons, many of
them prominent in the theatrical
and other entertainment fields,
are reported under subpoena to
testify at the hearings here.
Under questioning, Mr.. Shaw
said that Ito the best of my
knowledge I have never been a
member of the Communist
Party"
Approached by Stranger.
In 1946. he said. a man-whose
name he did not know-aSked
him if he wanted to join the par
ty and the man said he had been
told by friends they thought II
would be a good Communist"
Mr.. Shaw said he told the man
''I didn't know" about his pos
sibilities for such afiliation.
| About 100 spectators and so
reportrs and cameramen jammed
the 18th floor hearing room in
the Federal Building in Down.
town Manhattan.
Representative Velde, Repub-
lican, of Illinois. chairman Of
the committee, said the hear
ings probably would last all week,
possibly through Saturday.
AS the 42-year-old Mr.. Shaw
began his testimony, he said:
Evening star., 1953-05-04
Dulles Pleads
For Rejection Of
Tariff Raises
Tells House Group
Of Dangers Inherent
In Simpson Bill
By Francis P. DouqIos

Secretary of State Dulles, for
mally starting the Eisenhower
administrations campaign for
more trade with foreign countries
and less aid, today asked Con-
gress not to pass tariff raising
bill at this time.
He feared such a bill might en-
courage free nations to trade
with Communists.
Mr.. Dulles testified before the
House Ways and Means Com
mittee. He urged the commit
tee to reject a bill introduced by
Representative Simpson, Repub-
lican. of Pennsylvania. This
measure would extend the recip-
rocal trade act for IL months,
but would restrict the Presidents
powers under it and would call
for higher tariffs on some COM
moditieS.
Warns of RepercuSSiOnS.
Adoption of this measure. Mr..
Dulles said, would have serious
repercuSsions injurious to the
United States.
The less-aid part of admins
tration policy is expected to come
up tomorrow at joint hearing
of the Senate and House Foreign
Committees. Mr.. Dulles is sched-
uled to be the lead-off witness
for the administration at that
hearing, too.
President Eisenhower is re-
ported to have decided to ask
$50 billion for the foreign aid
program. This would be a cut
of $1.8 billion from the figure
asked by the Truman admins
tration.
Mr.. Dulles asked today for a
"standStill" in the Trade Agree
ments Act until the problem can
be studied by commission
which Gen. Eisenhower has
asked Congress to provide.
Views on Simpson Bill.
Referring to possible adoption
of the Simpson bill, he said:
1T would be taken throughout
the free world to forecast United
States trade policies to make it
impossible for them to live with
out increasing association with
and dependence on the Commu-
mist world"
He said that in Paris last week
he and other United States Off
cialS told foreign governments
of the probability of reductions
in aid from the United States.
He said this was accepted in
good spirit but he added that
the economies of the friendly
European countries "are still too
fragile to absorb multiple
Shocks"
Therefore" he went on, I'VE
strongly believe the United
States should not take tariff
lifting action at this time before
such action can be appraised
in the light of other govern
mental policies designed to per-
NIT of balancing the budget.
stabilizing currency and. we
hope, eventually cutting taxes,
and doing all of this without
jeopardizing the international
relationships upon which our
security largely depends.
Premature Commitment.
ut Che Simpson bilD would
not only enact special regula-
tionS on imports on petroleum.
lead and zinc. but it would
basically alter the operation of
our present trade program. That
would be to commit ourselves to
future policy before we can be
sure that policy is that which.
added up with others, will pro-
duce the best results"
The Secretary said imports are
occasionally disturbing to in
dustry but blocking exports
would be equally disturbing.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
House Cancels Session
In Respect to Withers

The House Cancelled a sched-
uled business session today out
of respect for Representative
Garrett L. Withers, Democrat, Of
Kentucky, who died Thursday.
Mr.. Withers was the fourth
member of the House of the
83rd Congress to die while in
Office.
Evening star., 1953-05-04

Picture on Poee AS
hood of King Sisavang Vong's
residence town, the French said
enemy troop movements were
spotted for the first time today
south of Xiengkhouang, 80 miles
southeast of Luangpraband.
DefenseS Strengthened.
These forces, described as
Eight elements" apparently al
ready were more than 25 miles
south of Xiengkhouang, on CO.
lonial route seven. That highway
was the principal route of Wet
Mimi forces which entered Laos
from the coast of AMMAN, in
conjunction with the other in
vaderS from the north and north
west.
Vientiane, home of the Laotian
government and a key point on
the ,Thailand border. appeared
the logical target for these
forces to the south. The French
have started strengthening the
towns defenSes. but they are not
nearly so advanced as those at
Luangprabang, 40 miles to the
north.
French Disappointed.
The new movement clearly
showed the Wet Mini once more
would disappoint the French by
not committing all their forces
to one all-out attack for the con-
troll of Laos. The French had
hoped earlier for such an assault
on the strong position they have
established on the Plaine des
Jarres. The Wet Mimi so far
have confined themselves tc
mortar fire there while theil
stronger units moved on to posi-
tionS in the hills around
Luangprabang.
Yesterdays clash was de-
scribed as an exchange of rife
fire about II miles northeast o1
the town. No casualties were re-
ported. An anticipated major
attack did not develop.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
MoriIyn Monroe's
Sex Appeal Rated
As low in Japan
BY the Associated Press

TOKYO, May A rear view
of Actress Marilyn Monroe'S
walk may set some American
males afire, but japanese movie
goers just think it's funny.
Japanese broke into "spontan-
eoNss laughter" at a rearward
view in a Monroe movie, the
newspaper Tokyo Shimbun re-
ported today.
The newspaper said in an edi-
torial Miss Monroe'S walk was
ridiculous" 1t called her figure
okay but thought she had low
sex appeal"
Evening star., 1953-05-04
Cut Of 10000
In u. ). Armed
Force Planned
Biggest Reduction
Would Come From
Army and Air Force
By John A. Giles

President Eisenhower's planned
SIS billion cut in military spend
ing in the 1854 fiscal year in
cludes a reduction of between
$4,000 and 100000 in uniformed
personnel, it was learned today.
More than 3.5 million men are
under arms now. Secretary of
Defense Wilson has stated he
believes the number can be
trimmed without affecting COM
bat efficiency.
The cutbacks in manpoWer
would bring lower draft calls.
One official estimated they
would drop to the neighborhood
of $4,000 inducteeS per month if
the cutbacks in overall strength
are carried out. The draft call
for June is $4,000, a reduction
from earlier months. Re-enlist-
ments in the armed services have
been increasing. This also is
attributed to lower draft calls.
The cut in the $45.5 billion
program laid down by former
President Truman last January
also would include a vast re-
duction in procurement expendi-
lures. An official told a reporter
60 per cent of the cut would be
in this field.
No Loss in Weapons.
However, like the President, he
maintained it would mean no
loss in deliveries of tanks, planes
and other weapons in the year
beginning July l. A heavy whack
is to be taken out of carryover
funds
Gen. Eisenhower said deliv-
cries actually would be speeded
up through the reduction of
lead time"-the period it takes
to otain finished products after
contracts are Leland concen-
tration on producing those items
which make the most military
sense.
Gen. Eisenhower declined to
break down his planned $85
billion reduction in overall Fed
eral expenditures. Senate Ma
| jority Leader Taft, however, said
SIS billion would come from mil
itary spending, $1.8 billion from
foreign aid, $1.2 billion from
domestic spending and $250,000
from atomic energy.
There are IA million men in
the Army, 100000 in the Navy,
245,000 in the Marine Corps and
974,000 in the Air Force.
Army, Air Force Hardest Hit.
The reduction in military
strength probably will hit the
Army and Air Force hardest.
One rule-of-thumb budgetary
calculation places the cost of a
man in uniform at $4,000 per
year. If military personnel were
reduced by 100000, the saving
would be 81 billion.
Over the week end top Pent-
agon officials continued efforts
to reach final top level decisions
on slaSheS of funds for procure
ment and maintenance and op-
eration-the two big items of
spending.
AS soon as those decisions are
reached the Army, Navy and Air
Force departments can be ad-
vised on what reductions are in
! store for them.
Evening star., 1953-05-04

Eighth OF a SerIeS
the Frankfurt station. It stays
in until it reaches the American
zone in Western Berlin early the
next morning. The more imagin-
ative passengers work up cold
chillS over this. Most of the
others go to bed early.
Apart from the devastation,
which still is most impressive,
Berlin seems on the surface like
any other big city in Western
Europe. The shops are full of
things to buy. The streets are
SWarming with busy, relatively
Well-heeled citizens going about
their daily chores. Americans
who have been here for some
time say that the Berliners are,
among Germans. particularly
friendly.
Even the business of crossing
over into the Russian-co
sector of the city is not the ter
rifying affair you might think it
to be. There are no formalities
Evening star., 1953-05-04
ReoI Bio One Gets Awoy

LAGUNA BEACH, Calf. May
4 (P.-Here's the big one that
got away. Observers here yes
terday spotted a huge whale
summing itself about a mile off,
shore. Sticking vertically into
its back was a harpoon.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
Is NATO Worth 1t?
Is NATO Worth 1t?
West Berlin in Grave Danger
Of Economic StronguIotion
With Government Moved Out, and Refugee!
Moved In, City's LifebIood Is Sorey Anemie
By Crosby S. Noyes
Stor Stoff CORRESPONDENT

BERLNThe train trip from Frankfurt to Berlin is
of the duet anywhere in the world They make point of
keeping the blinds pulled down in all the They also hang
blankets in of the windows keep the cold
much to keep rocks Some time of the train
passengers by flying glass when East
Evening star., 1953-05-04
First Korean POW
Greets Mother Here

PRISONER 30 MoNTHS-Fresh out
Of bosie troinine. CorpI. EorI Wisemon
of Ronceverte, W. Va. wos captured
by the Chinese Reds in November.
1851. Whot happened TO him otter
thot is told in his story on Pose 81.
Evening star., 1953-05-04
Reds Invading Laos
Reported Driving for
Second Key City
Push Toward Kings
Residence Waits, Other
Forces Near Vientiune
By the AsSocioted Press

HANOI, Indo-China, May A.
A possible push by the Commu-
nist-led Wet Mini toward the
Laotian Kingdoms administra-
tive capital of Vientiane shaped
up today as French and Laotian
forces still awaited a major at
tack on the royal seat of Luang-
prabang.
While only a brief patrol clash
was reported from the neighbor-