davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-06-07
Defense
ITO THE AVERAGE Congressman

ITO THE AVERAGE Congressman
l. and to the man in the street
"143 wings" and 1858 billion" are
meaningless figures. There is no
way of knowing, by examining the
statistics, whether 143 Air Force
wings and $16.8 billion in new Air
Force appropriations are neces-
sary to defend this Nation, or
whether 100 wings and SILT bill
lion would do the job.
Yet Congress has to choose be-
tween the first two figures, recon-
mended for the coming fiscal year
by President Truman, or the sec
ond two, recommended by Presi-
dent Eisenhower-or pick its own
figure.
There is only one practical thing
Congress can do: Rely on the word
Of experts. What do the men say
whose business it is to know how
much air strength the Nation
needs and how much the Nation
can afford?
Choice Of Experts
Last week, however, Congress
found 1t even had a choice of ex-
pertS.
Charles E. Wilson, Secretary of
Defense and one of the Nations
foremost production men; Harold
E. Talbot, Secretary of the Air
Force, and President Eisenhower,
himself a former military man, all
said the smaller figures would do.
But Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg, re-
firing Air Force Chief Of STAFF, and
Gen. Nathan F. Twining, next Air
Chief, insisted the larger figures
were necessary.
Secretary. Wilson was the pri-
mary spokesman for the lower
figures, backed up by "clarif1ca-
tions" from other Pentagon off,
cials. Gen. vandenberg, who tes-
titled before the Senate Appro-
priationS Committee last week,
led the opposition.
Here are the points made by
Secretary Wilson and his support
ers and the points made by Gen.
Vandenberg:
. Wilson said there was mo evi-
dence that the threat and danger
to the free world had appreciably
leSSened."
V0ndenberC agreed. There has
been very little change in the
Evening star., 1953-06-07

TINE WORLD SPENT last week
i in q mood Of high optimism.
In the happy atmosphere Of the
coronation Of Queen Elizabeth II
last Tuesday: the whole British
commonwealth looked forward to
a long, rosy future. Friends all
over the world sent their good
wishes. Even Chinese Red Premier
Chou En-lai, whose countrymen
were fighting commonwealth forces
in Korea, sent his congratulations.
The opening Of this era of hope
was heralded by the magnificent
conquest Of the worlds highest
mountain, Everest in the Hima-
layas, by commonwealth team of
climbers. Word Of the unprece-
dented feat, accomplished the Fri
day before, reached the outside
world last Monday, on the eve of
the coronation.
AS If that were not enough good
news for one week, truce in the
35-month-old Korean war came
so close you could almost reach
out and touch it. In the small
but crucial truce shack at Pan
munjom, events seemed to be
building nearer and nearer to the
cease-f1re both sides yearned for.
It was freely although unofd-
cially predicted by the Reds and
United Nations alike, as this Re-
view went to press, that the year.
long controversy over repatriation
Of prisoners who do not want to
go home would be settled at any
moment. All remaining arrange
ments for a truce could be made
before the Korean wars third
anniversary on June Is, according
to a highly-placed United Nations
representative in Tokyo.
The 27-year-old Queen Elizabeth
truly had picked an auspicious
week in which to make her cove
nant with God and her people.
Evening star., 1953-06-07

wing goal could. not have been
reached anyhow. /. 4 N
Vandenberg said that "six
months ago there was no rea-
son to doubt we could attain 143
modern wings before December,
1885," but the subsequent changes
in goals-ordered by Republicans
now made that deadline impoS-
Sible to meet.
. President Eisenhower said he
presumed the cutback in air ap-
propriations had been approved
by the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Vandenberg said fatty the jos
had not approved the cut. He
added, "As recently as March, 1853,
the Joint Chiefs of Staff stated to
the Secretary of Defense that any
reduction of the program of 143
wings =. would increase the risk
to national security beyond the
dictates of national prudence"
Wilson summed up the admin
istration's case in this way: 1.-THE
objective of the Defense Depart
ment is to create more effective
defense strength for less money"
Vandenberg summed up The Air
Forces case: "This country, if it
is to have a chance for victory in
any major war, must have an Air
Force that is second to none"
There would be rebuttal by Sec
retary Wilson this coming week
Then other military men would
testify. The whole process also
would be gone through in the
House.
1t would then be up to Congress
to choose its expert and pick a
figure. There were strong lndica-
tions late last week tnat many
Democrats would follow Gen. VAN
denberg, while Republicans would
line up with Secretary Wilson,
and President Eisenhower.
Evening star., 1953-06-07

So it is not astonishing that, for
instance, the Queens Champion
has been Offering to fight any man
in the house ever since 1877, and
continues to be available for that
purpose though he never
has had any takers.
It is, rather, more astonishing
that the royal court can pick up
new procedures and run them into
the ancient service without a bit
OF confusion, or can drop other
Items and never miss them.
An example of something new
being added was the presence
within the abbey of television
cameras. And an example of
something old being subtracted
was the absence last week of the
Lord of the Manor of Worksop.
Historically, it is the right of this
nobleman to present particular
type of glove to the sovereign at
certain moment, and to support
her right arm during the rest of
the service. But earlier this year
it was decided to leave Worksop
out of the show: The Manor had
been incorporated for tax purposes
and it was decided that soulless
corporation could not participate
in a religious ceremony.
The coronation contained MANY
incongruities, some not obvious at
first glance. For instance, the
Protestant Abbey Church of st.
Peter, Westminster, and all its
ceremonies were under the super
vision of the Roman Catholic Duke
of Norfolk. And the priceless
sword Of the sovereign was yielded
up to the altar and later redeemed
for 100 shillings-supposedly be-
cause that amount once was the
fair market value of a sword of
state. Today, 100 shillings is worth
$14, a sum that would not buy the
tinieSt jewel in the blade.
Heredity, too, threw a monkey
wrench into the machinery, but
even this fact did not faze the un-
conquerable British. The Lord
Great Steward of Scotland had to
be left out Of the procession be-
cause he is only 4 years old. But
he had a place in the royal box,
instead, so he did not miss seeing
his Mummy" crowned.
Yet if a few of the things in the
service made little sense, the whole
rite made plenty of sense, at least
to the British. It was a symbolic
wedding of the sovereign and her
realm, and union of the spiritual
and temporal things that once
made England great.
And after it was all over, the
dukes and earls carefully moth
balled their robes and coronets,
each hoping fervently and Loyalty
that he would not have to wear
them again for q long, long time
to come.
Evening star., 1953-06-07

truce sessions the Reds were said
to have virtually accepted-in
their own language-the u N.
prisoner proposal. They were re-
ported to have asked for five minor
changes. These the U. N. sought
to clarity at the Saturday session.
The Communists needed recess
until Sunday morning Oast night,
Washington time) to study these
details.
From the broad smiles and obvi-
GUS optimism in the halls of
Washington's State Department,
New York's United Nations, Tokyo's
Pershing Heights, and Seouls
Banto Hotel, it was obvious that
high U. N. officials thought a truce
was at hand. At New York,
there was already talk about a
special General Assembly session
for late June, to arrange a political
conference on all Far East
problems.
Evening star., 1953-06-07
Kind Hearts and Coronets

It is q tribute to the sang 1roid
OF BritonS that once in a blue
moon the whole nation can go into
fancy dress without rufling hair.
Take the case of James Arnold
Frere, for instance nice young
man Of the upper stratum who
found himself last week thrust
into a colorful, if not a major,
role in the coronation.
Mr.. Frere, who is in his early
30s, Is an archeologist and anti
quarian. To him, ancient costume
is normally something for some
one else to Wear-and a dead some
one else at that. Yet last Tuesday
he put on knee breecheS, black
silk stockings, gold-buckled pumps
and an archaic red-gold- -and-blue
tabard and marched in the Abbey
procession as Bluemantle Pursui-
want Of Arms. What Is more, he
managed to do it without appear
ing any more tll-at-eaSe than, say,
q Masonic tiler In his ceremonial
plug-hat and embroidered apron.
Bluemantle was only one of
many functionaries who, for a day,
assumed names as antique as their
costumes: Rouge Dragon, Lyon
King Of Arms, Unicorn Pursuivant,
Black Rod, Marchmont Herald.
Every one loved it.
Another participant, the Right
Hon. Sir Winston Churchill, had
q field day. The Prime Minister
loves to dress up. On Tuesday he
wore not only the long, blue cape
Of q Knight Of the Garter, but
beneath it the gold-braided, nauti-
cal uniform Of Warden Of the
Cinque Ports.
The VisCount Montgomery Of Ell
Alamein looked no more uncom-
Portable In his scarlet robe and
coronet than in his wartime cos
tune Of turtleneck sweater and
black beret. And even the young
pages-dressed in costumes that
would evoke, in America, catcalls
Of "Yay, Stinky"-Seemed to have
perfect control over themselves.
Evening star., 1953-06-07

could do to corporate bookkeeping
this year has already been done,
he said. Another six months
would not make it's inequities sig
nif1cantly worse.
Scored Cow
He was making a good case for
an unpleasant cause. But then he
pulled the tail of COW sacred to
the touchy chairman of the COM
mittee, Daniel A. Reed, Republican,
OF New York. Mr.. Humphrey said
that Mr.. Reeds bill to cut personal
income taxes about 10 per cent at
the end of this month would put
US right back on the inflationary
band wagon"
Mr.. Reed lit into Mr.. Humphrey.
The Ways and Means Committee
chairman's attack was based on
the fact that when the Secretary
was preparing to testify, he de-
cided, quite naturally, to try to get
as much outside support for his
views as possible-or at least mini
mize the opposition. So he asked
old associates in the National
Association of Manufacturers and
the Chamber of Commerce of the
United States to back up his stand
on excess profits before the COM
mittee, or, If they could not do
that, to be neutral. This was tan
tamount to asking these groups to
change their way of thinking, since
before President Eisenhower had
asked for an extension, both or
ganizations had publicly favored
an early death for the excess
profits tax.
Lobbying?
Chairman Reed confronted the
Secretary with an NAM letter
describing his request to that or
ganization. Mr.. Reed asked if that
action was not in fact violation
of the Lobby Act which prohibits
indirect influence on Congress by
Federal agencies. Mr.. Humphrey
said he certainly would oppose any
indirect lobbying either for or
against the bill.
Mr.. Reed, however, said he
might turn the matter over to the
Justice Department for possible
prosecution.
Meanwhile, NAM and C. of G.
both asked the committee for
time to testify-against the Hum
phrey proposals.
Actually Secretary Humphrey
had done little that other cabinet
members had not done in the
past. The difference here was that
his tax views had offended Chair
man Reed, and Reed had him over
the barrel. Net result was that
Mr.. Humphreys tax program
faced new and unexpected bar
riers. Next time, the Secretary
would play his cards a bit more
carefully when in hostile terri
tory.
Evening star., 1953-06-07

sort. Two men climbed to the top
OF Mount Everest, the highest
mountain in the world.
There was little more practical
value in what they did than in
what Queen Elizabeth did last
Tuesday. There was, however, a
lot more energy expended by the
men who did the job.
According to various estimates,
Mount Everest Is somewhere be-
tween $4,000 and 1900 feet high.
At its peak, water would boil at
140 degrees-so low a temparture
that 1t would take nearly half an
hour to cook a "3-minute" egg.
Oxygen is almost as scarce as
avocado trees at the top of Everest,
where air pressure is less than a
third that of sea level.
A more inhospitable place on
earth could hardly be imagined.
Yet for 80 years men have been
trying to climb Everest, for no
other reason than that it had not
been climbed before.
And that is where the symbolism
OF the act comes in. To noun
tain climber, the conquest of
great peak is the equivalent of
Sapient mans conquest of inSenSate
nature.
But nature, insensate as she may
be, is not easily conquered. There
are dead men on the highest slopes
of Everest to testify to that, and
there are the wind-whipped rem
nants of camps set up by mountain
climbers in the 3O-year battle
against Everest.
Last week, when Everest finally
was conquered, it was billed as a
British triumph and a fit corona
ton gift for the Queen. Actually,
neither of the two men who gave
the mountain to Elizabeth was
BritiSher. One was a New Zea-
land beekeeper, Edward Hillary.
The other was a barrel-chested
Himalaya mountaineer named
Tinsing Norkay.
Their feat was, In a sense, like
the discovery of the North Pole.
Men had known for years that
the Pole was there, and when they
finally got to the Pole, there was
no place to go but South. And
when Hillary and Tinsing made it
last week, there was no place on
earth for them to 60 but down.
Evening star., 1953-06-07
Everest

WHEN Queen Elizabeth climbed
W five steps to her throne in
Westminster Abbey last week,
there was symbolism in the act.
She was symbolically going to the
top of hill from which she could
view her people and be viewed by
them.
Last week, in Central Asia, an
other hill was scaled-and in its
conquest was symbolism Of another
Evening star., 1953-06-07

strategic situation. There are
many indications, however, that
Soviet military strength, and par
ticularly Soviet air strength, has
increased tremendously in recent
years"
. Wilson said that under his
budget, Substantially increased
combat effectiveness will be
achieved both through continued
modernlzation of equipment and
by increasing the number of COM
bat wings"
VGndenberg replied, "The stra-
tegic air forces will lose combat
wings, the tactical air forces will
lose combat wings, and there will
be a reduction in those units which
support the combat operations of
the Army"
. Wilson said that "by careful
balancing of equipment, facilities
and manpower, improved military
strength could be achieved on a
common front without spending
quite so much money"
VGndenberg said, reductions in
training facilities, units, equip
ment and personnel will damage
the quality of our force as we'll as
reduce its size"
. Wilson said the Air Force would
not only have the new appropria-
ton recommended but would also
have $28.5 billion in unexpended
funds available" to it.
VGndenberg said, "Of the $28.5
billion carried over from previous
years, $25.2 billion represents ac-
tual contracts we have made; $3.3
billion represents funds for the
procurement of items already
planned and programmed, for
which no contracts have yet been
let :. No fiscal juggling can turn
it into new money"
. Pentagon officials said money
would be saved, first, by cutting
lead time"-the period, up to
three years, from the order date
to delivery of plane.
VGndenberg said that "in the
discussion of the shorter lead
times that can now be achieved as
production advances, the neces-
Sary lead time for the production
of trained people is too often over
looked"
. PentagOn officials said money
would be saved, secondly, by
building 1850 fewer support air.
craft (troop carriers, helicopters,
trainers, etc. by December 81,
1855, than had previously been
planned.
VGndenberg said, called sup
porting elements cannot be sacri-
feed without crippling combat
strength"
. Pentagon officials said that in
the same period, however, IS more
combat aircraft would be built
than had been planned under the
Truman 143-wing program, giving
the country 100 fully equipped,
combat-ready wings.
Vandenberg said, This decision
to purchase the combat aircraft
for 143 wings in program limited
to 100 wings plus the moderniza-
ton of the Air National Guard and
Air Reserve, leaves most Of these
airplanes without units. people, or
bases, and the only alternative is
to store them"
Q Pentagon officials said the 143-
Evening star., 1953-06-07
Organization

When the Presidents Advisory
Committee on Government Organ
ization was set up as one of the
first acts Of the newly elected
President, 1t was obvious that one
Continued on Page A-3S)
Evening star., 1953-06-07
Old and New

OF course, the British realm has
had q thousand years or 80 to build
up traditions and get used to them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-02-11
BY MurieI Nissen

DEAR MISS NISSEN: MY l6-
year-old daughter is going with
a fine boy Of II. She sees him
every night, and they are sat our
home four or Ave nights q week.
While we watch television in the
living room, she and the boy like
to listen to records in the dining
room. When I go into that room,
!, frequently see them kissing or
engaged in other affectionate
gestures. My three younger chill
dren are quite amused at this,
but ] don't like the idea. ! have
talked to my daughter and her
friend about it, and while the boy
took the censure In good spirit,
my girl was rather peeved. Was
I right to ask them to check their
behavior?-MRS. e. r..
ANSWER: While your daugh-
ter's display of affection may be
embarrassing to you. you must
realize that youngsters who are
fond Of each other will indulge
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-02-11
ProbIen1s odoy

In caresses. and it's much better
for them to do so at home than
outside. One thing about the
friendship is definitely out Of
bounds, however. and that is the
frequency with which they see
each other. Young people should
not be together as much as every
night I'M the week, and Won
should try to divert your daugh-
ter's' attention TO other friends,
recreation. or study. When the
young people are at home, try to
draw them into the family circle
rather than having them shut
themselves in another room.
DEAR MISS NISSEN:: Several
months ago I met q chap In the
Air Force. He asked me to cor
respond with him, and we wrote
each other for some time. I
received the last letter from
him two months ago, although
] have been sending him pictures
and q package or two. There is
a possibility that he may have
been transferred to another base,
or even overseas Should Il write
again Or forget the whole thing2.
PATTI.
ANSWER: Since mail does
mean so much 10 boys away from
home, and mail service Is so
uncertain. don't give up unless
you are quite sure your letters
are being received and ignored.
Try another one or two anyway.
II he has been transferred. he'll,
receive all your mail in a batch,
and viii undoubtedly acknowl-
edge it. sss
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-02-11
Former GNU Dean
To Address AItrus0

Dr.. Frederick M. Feiker. pro-
lessor emeritus and former dean
of engineering at the George
washington University. will adj
dress a dinner meeting of the
Altrusa Club of Washington at
6:15 o'clock tonight in the
Brookings Institution.
DR.. Feiker's topic will be "To-
morrow's Adventures" He will
be introduced by his daughter.
Miss Gretchen Feiker, who is
program chairman for the club.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-02-11
Discussion Set

Discussion of the topic. Bet
ter Leadership for Home Man
ayers" will highlight a meeting
of the Round Table on Scientific
Management Applied to the
Home at 1880 pm. tomorrow at
1926 K street NV.
Mrs. Mary Gushing Niles, past
president Of the Washington
Chapter of the Society for the
Advancement of Management,
will be the guest speaker and
discussion leader.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-02-11
To Review PIuys

Mrs. Cloyd H. Marvin, wife Of
the president of George Wash
ington University. will be the
guest speaker at a Valentine
luncheon meeting Of the GNU
Faculty Women's Club Friday at
the Tilden Gardens dining room.
Mrs. Marvin for many years
has given reviews Of current
Broadway plays.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-02-11
Progress Club
To Heor Watkins

Senator Watkins, Republican.
Of Utah. will be the guest speak
er at q meeting of the Progress
Club Of College Park at 8 o'clock
tonight at st. Andrews Parish
House. Dartmouth avenue. Col
Iege Park. He will speak on the
subject, Our American Herr
tage." His address win follow .
business session.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-02-11
Benefit Card Porty

A benefit card party for the
Washington Home for Found
lingS, sponsored by the Petworth
Woflan'S Club, will be given
from 1850 to 4 pm. Friday at
the home. 4510 Forty second
street NV.
Tickets for the event will be
on sale at the door.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1953-02-11

Our Entire Stock Reduced No Coots Are Held In Reserve
All wool coats in textured fabrics . Komokurs fIeeces
and poodle cloths! All ore wool lined inter-Iined some
MIiun lined! There stole coots fitted coos fIoed
coots collar and cuff treotents We have eoy pos
tes dark town coIors! Sizes for Juniors and Misses
Nows the invest beautiful coot for this winter
and the winters to GOMEZ Beow-iust 3 sample groups
from entire stock, which is reduced!
The echo. (Meridian, Miss.) 1942-1960, 1953-11-15
by s. a:e Feuiv as
b By BnL PAN s0a

peach =, spinach, wainuts. lettuce
and po atoes, have been controlled
exper aentally with antibiotie
sprays The main interest, how
ever, centers around Firebligh,
because of the vast destructive
power Of this disease.
Fireblight is the worst enemy
of fruit trees and has forcoo
growers to limit their varietie
only to those that are rugyet.
enough to withstand the disease.
This is one reason why ysu can
buy but two dozen apple varieties
Of the 1900 that exist. and WI.
the pear-growiry industry hal
been Unite. to a few sections VI
the country.
The antibiot;cs l:nocl, out plant
diseases in much the same mannet
as human ills-they travel through
the plants blood stream" until
they reach the source of infection.
Unlike their action in humans
however, the Distribution Of tNf
antibiotics tiroegh the p.aDI'.
system il upward and outunsh
The echo. (Meridian, Miss.) 1942-1960, 1953-11-15

.Saw....
E

Men ps. Boys: General Matthew
Ridgway recently objected to the
~idespread use of the word
-brass." There is much more
Semoralizing word than ''L-ass,"
,.ad that is boys The moment
e.en the greenest adolescent en-
-, he sss'.icc, nc oTo-s he coun-
nv the best years of his liFe-and
perhaps his life. If, after ll;iS act
o. dedication, he is not entitled to
Pr ca.ls.l man, '.'io -"
Biblical Movies: These films. so
TAX in spirit, are plenty strong in the
? n and that in a very literal sense.
: rtunaiely for them, what might be
s.llei the original Bible pr.la--
cody number of stories about women
presumed 10 be bfautiIui 20 tha, lol-
,~ood's version OF The Bale can go
.ong for quite a while. Sdiome is
,4ili from this sure fire formula. re.
'giou haptizine sex and sex making
elgIon more interesting"
;. Germany, 1853: an the faces Of
iiuIfen from nine to eighteen is an
s;preSNon TO be seen n0where else
mixture of uorinesS. leneLiaeSs. and
.ope that sie5css deep. More apd mere
re tuning to religion jof a security
hich ttcir 550Len families M i1sgeT
The echo. (Meridian, Miss.) 1942-1960, 1953-11-15
Renewal Blanks
Requested


Because of the large number Of de-
ficient members to be reported by
our local presidents VINO failed to
make round reports, we are lindly
asking that you please fill out re-
newal blanks when you send their
renewal fees to this office.
If this is done, it will not necessi-
tate uncalled for time and expense
in getting these matters adjusted