davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1953-10-18
The Supreme Court CONTINUED

Today, there is still dispute
over which room they actually
met in on February 4. The
court opened two days late
because Marshall and two of
the other justices had not
arrived on the scene.
A confirmed Federalist,
Marshall shared his party'S
fears for the future under the
Jefferson administration. But
while his political compatriots
were vociferouSly critical of
the administration, Marshall
remained silent. His con-
sistent policy of mo COM
ment" on political issues is
the root of the tradition that
the Supreme Court sits high
above the arena of politics.
The first case that came
before Marshall was a roman
tic but unSpectacular one in
volving booty on the high
seas. And there were four
more before Marbury VS., Mad
ison, which was to make the
court a Self-appointed guard
ian of the Constitution with
power to effect far-reaching
social and political changes.
The case involved the right
of four men, appointed by the
FederalistS in a laSt-minute
action, to jobs as justices Of
the peace for the District of
Columbia.
Evening star., 1953-05-10
IL Sabres Swarm
Over 7 Red Bases
In Diving Attacks
BY the Assoeioted Press

SEOUL. Sunday, May 10. -
United States Sabre jets carried
the brunt of the air war yester-
day in their new dual role as
fighters and bombers. destroying
two Red jets and touching off
raging fires at two Communist
troop-supply centers.
Ground fighting was small in
scale but frequent, particularly
along the central and western
sectors
The 9th Army reported 19
clashes along the line-11 of
them thrusts by the Commu-
nists. It said contacts showed
a marked increase" as patrols
bumped into each other in no.
mans land.
Too Fast for Gunners.
The Air Force said 72 Sabre
dive bombers swarmed out in
record sorties yesterday over the
western front. A total of So
blasted into flaming ruin As
buildings in troop concentra- =
ton few miles southwest ot
Kaesong.
In an afternoon strike So more
Sabres ive-bombed a Red fuel
and supply area at Sariwon.
The Sabres peeled off one at
a time for high speed screaming
dives-faSter than Red anti-air-
craft batteries could aim and
fire.
Two MICS Shot Down.
Far to the north, over MIG
Alley four other Sabres patrolling
the Manchurian frontier jumped
Is MICS near Sinuiju and shot
down two, the Air Force an
nounced. The remaining IA fled
back across the Yalu River to
Manchuria.
While the air battle ragged
Thunderjet fighter bombers
dumped bombs on Communist
oil and ammunition dumps at
Kuuptong, deep in northwest
Korea.
In it's weekly summary. the
Air Force said no Sabres were
shot down during the period
ending Friday but two Thunder
jets were lost. probably due to
engine trouble.
Evening star., 1953-05-10
Freed P0Ws LIST
Virginians Still Held
By the Associated Press

RODFIELD, w. Va, May o.
The names of Sc Americans still
In three North Korean prisoner
of war camps we're added today
to those already known to be
held by the Communists.
They were contained in note
book produced by a recently re-
patriated West Virginia soldier.
Corpl. Fon Mitchell of Roder-
field. Corpl Mitchell said all
S6 were in good health when he
saw them last.
The 22-year-old Mitchell was
in the first group Of prisoners to
be exchanged at Panmunjom.
The prisoners listed occupied
three camps in North Korea, Nos.
3, 4 and 5. Corpl. Mitchell said
he was in two Of these three
camps during his captivity.
Names on the list included
the following Virginians:
Clyde o. Brown. RichlancN:
Donald r. Wilson, Pulaski: Eu-
gene Dunford. Rte. 3. Wytheville;
Barney M. Younce. Cleveland;
Hubert H. Buckhannon, Sauls-
vile.
John L. Thomas, South Hill;
Everett Fireman. Pennington
Gap; Thomas H. Nicholson, Nor
folk: Harold j. Addington, Big
Laurel, and Donald D. Wilson,
Rte. l, Draper.
DETROIT, May 9 (P.-Sergt
Albert L. Howard, "a, of Oakley
a Saginaw County community
today supplied names of 81
POWs to a Detroit Times
reporter in Nashville, Tenn.
where the soldier was reunited
with his wife, Jacqueline.
The Times printed the list
under a copyright.
Like other POWs before him
Sergt. Howard produced his lis
of names from notebook
smuggled out of a Chinese Rec
prison camp. The list included
the following VirginianS:
Lyndon B. Zirkle. New Market
Leonard P. Lynch. Rawlings
William E. AkerS, Newport News
and Samuel DetZler, Richmond
Evening star., 1953-05-10
Withdrawal in Laos
Seen as indicating
Phony Peace Bid
BY The Associcied Press

SAIGON, Indo- China, May 8.
French and Indo- Chinese Of
f1cials expressed belief today the
withdrawal of Communist-led in
vasion forces from Laos may
foreshadow a phony Wet Mini
proposal for an armistice in the
7-year-old war in Indo- China
Premier Nguyen Van Tam of
Wet Nam, one of the three
French-associated Indo-Chinese
states, said he thought it very
possible that such a peace offer
will be made soon and he doubted
it would be sincere. In any event,
he added, "Viet Nam will only
accept the principle Of an ar
mistice if 1t is preceded by the
unconditional surrender of the
enemy armies"
Other Indo- Chinese and French
sources said an armistice offer
would be a smart move by the
Moscow-trained Wet Mini leader
Ho Chi Mini, because Of the pos
sibility of slowing the French war
effort and disrupting the flow OF
American military aid.
They said they were certain
any armistice talks would bog
down and that when the war was
resumed the French would be in
worse position than now.
French military sources In
Hanoi: command center for mill
tary operations in Northern Wet
Nam and the adjoining state OF
Laos, said they are convinced
that the Wet Mimi withdrawal in
Laos was ordered by Communist
leaders in Moscow and Peiping
because the rebel invasion had
created a storm of world protest
at a time particularly in oppor-
tune for the current Red peace
campaign.
Black-uniformed, bareheaded
and barefooted Wet Mini regu-
lars, who only a week ago
massed for an expected smash
assault on Luang Prabang. home
town of Laotian King Sisavang
Wong, plod d ed mort h W ar d
through Gripping jung'es and
over mountains under heavy at
tack by French bombers and
fighters.
! French airpower also plastered
enemy units pulling away from
the Plaine des Jarres. 80 miles
to the southeast where the
French command had hoped te
bring the Wet Mini to decisive
battle.
French and Laotian garrisons
made no attempt to pursue the
retreating invaders who in 2t
days had overrun a third Of the
little mountain kingdom.
Even If the new Wet Mini
strategy proves to be a genera
and complete withdrawal from
Laos, enemy troops will be in
side the, kingdom for another
month.
Evening star., 1953-05-10
Dulles
Continued From First Page.)

N(OUIluuSO from flTSI SdSe.)
manned determined to resist re-
patriation.
Mr.. Dulles said he was not
aware Of any pressure from allied
nations to accept the Communist
proposals as they stand. He
said this Government was ex-
changing views with the other
United Nations fighting in Korea
and he thought there was gen.
eral agreement on the handling
of the talks at Panmunjom.
He insisted that there is Moth
ing express or implied in the
armistice negotiations whic h
would involve admitting Commu-
mist China into the United Ma
tionS.
Cites U. s. Quick Action.
On other subjects. Mr.. Dulles
told his news conference:
/. Prompt supplying of cargo
planes to the French forces in
Indo-China and ammunition to
Thailand illustrate a capacity
for decision and performance" by
the United States which should
be impressive to others, whether
they be friends or aggressors."
2. He is not yet in position to
evaluate significance of the ap-
parent withdrawal of Communist
invasion forces from Laos. This
may be due to the prompt Amer
lean aid, bad weather, or con-
ceivably could have some con-
nection with the Korean truce
talks.
3. Discussions are still going
on with France about the pos
sibility of seeking U. N. action
on the Communist aggression in
Indo- China. So far the French
feel there would be no advantage
in such a move.
4. Thailand has discussed put
ting before the U. N. the threat
to her security posed by the Com
munist invaders of Laos and has
been told the United States would
look with sympathy on such a
decision.
S. The United States, Britain
and France are in general agree
ment that it would be desirable
to make a new approach to
Russia for discussions on the
long-deadlocked Austrian peace
treaty, but are not yet agreed on
what position to take with regard
to pending "long" and "short"
treaty drafts. The last discussion
broke up in February with the
Russians insisting on withdrawal
of the Western powers short"
treaty proposal.
6. Argentina's recent actions
against the United States news
agencies operating there is con-
trary to the basic principles OF
freedom of the press for which
this country has stood histori-
cally. Representations will be
made to the Peron government.
Wives Go Along.
Mr.. Dulles and Mr.. Stassen
took off from National Airport
at 7 pm. in an Air Force Con-
stellation for Cairo, the first stop
on their 20-day trip. Flying with
them were Assistant Secretary
of State Henry A. Brocade:
State Department Counsellor
Douglas Macarthur II; Robert
E. Matteson, assistant director
of the Mutual Security Agency
and other assistants. Mrs. Dulles
and Mrs. StasSen also went along,
planning to stop in Cairo and
rejoin their hubands there on
their way back.
Besides Egypt, the American
officials planned brief visits tc
Israel. Jordan, Syria, Lebanon
Iraq, Saudi Arabia, India, PAX
istan, Turkey, Greece and Libya
They are due back in Washing
ton May 20.
Mr.. Dulles said he was no
taking with him any specific
plans or programs" and did no
intend to ask for any decision!
from the governments to be Wis,
Evening star., 1953-05-10
Truce Talks Recess
Again After Nam Il
Restafes POW Plan
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

PANMUNJOM, Sunday, May
10.-CommuniSt truce negotia-
tors today insisted that all the
4S,500 balky Red prisoners held
by the allies would be willing to
return to their homelands after
explanations were made to them
by their own people following
a Korean armiStice.
The allies said that was more
than doubtful"
The Red statement was made
at today's 59-minute truce ses-
sion by the top Red negotiator
North Korean Gen. Nam II, as
he answered some of the many
questions asked Of the Commu-
nists yesterday by the senior
U. N. command truce delegate,
1t. Gen. William K. Harrison.
Gen. Harrison sought ampli-
flcation Of the Communists lat
est proposal for settling the balky
POW exchange issue. The meet
ing recessed until II am. Mon
day Go pm. EDIT Sunday.
Nam Sees Conversion Possible.
Gen. Nam insisted that all the
48.500 North Korean and Chinese
prisoners. who have said they
don't want to return to Red ter
ritory. would go home after they
had matters explained to them in
neutral camp. He insisted, too,
that the disposition of any pris-
oners still baking after the ex-
plantations should be decided at
a political conference to be held
after a truce is effected.
Gen. Nam said that differences
in the five-nation neutral COM
mission which would be set up
under the Red plan for handling
the leftover POWS, could be set
tied by majority vote.
The Red proposal to leave to
the neutral commission the fate
of prisoners who can't be per
suaded" over a four-month peri
Cd of custody is a key point in
the Red eight-point plan-one
that may. draw a fiat thumbs
down from the Allies.
Harrison Indicates Refusal.
Yesterdays questions by Gen.
Harrison strongly indicated that
his command would accept such
a proposal. He said then the
Red proposal contained mo final
solution"
Gen. Harrison cautioned news
men after yesterdays session
against drawing any inference
that his questions meant the
Allies have accepted the Red
offer as a basis for negotiations.
Nor did they mean rejection.
The Red offer in brief: Set UP
a f1ve-nation neutral" commits
sion composed of Czechoslovakia,
Poland, India. Sweden and
Switzerland; turn over to the
commission in Korea custody of
the 48,5o0 Chinese and North
Koreans who refuse direct repa-
trlation: allow Red representa-
tives four-months to explain"
why the prisoners should return:
If any still refuse, then let post
armistice political conference
decide their fate.
Evening star., 1953-05-10

world. Prisoners had inserted
Communist propaganda in their
fletters home-letters designed to
pressure their families and
friends into demanding that the
futile" Korean war be ended.
lThe Army has one peace, petit
tion signed by IL 900 friends and
relatives Of POWs). Prisoners
had helped the Communists extort
money from their families
money ostensibly for toilet arti-
cles and even for expensive IVA
cations" in China. (Needless to
say the funds never reached the
prisoners).
Why?
The answer of the Phoenix
vile % boiled down simply to
this:
Their Communist captors had
pointed a gun and said, Sign"
They signed.
Saw Death as Alternative.
Perhaps they did not comply
the first time-or easily-but in
the end. they did. They did
so for no reason other than that
the Communists had convinced
them the alternative would be
death. The Reds had demon
strated simply that they were
willing to torture, MAIN and
finally kill prisoners who refused
to do what they were told.
The possibility of heroicS-of
gallant gestures Of defiance to-
ward their captorS-apparently
did not enter seriously into the
thinking of these desperate, iso-
lated. men. The testimony of
the PhDeniXville GIs made this
quite clear. They took the at
titude that the choice between
death and compliance with Com
munists demands was just no
choice at all. They obviously
believed that any average Amer
ican wo1ld have acted as they
did under similar circumstances.
This thought might come as q
shock to many an American who
had toasted his feet by the home
fires while these men suffered.
But not many Of the stay-at-
homes were in a position to
argue that the Phoenixville SOL
diers were wrong.
No Military Crime.
Certainly the Army has not
said and will not say they were
wrong. The Army instructs men
to give the enemy only their
name. rank and serial number,
and does not consider 1t a mill
tary crime If a prisoner reveals
more under duress. The Geneva
Convention on prisoners of war,
which the Chinese Communists
have never signed, makes coer-
cion illegal. But it permits each
individual prisoner to determine
his own action if coercion is ac-
tually is used.
1t is too early for q final
/ evaluation Of the Communist
indoctrination attempts. Thous-
andS of prisoners still to be re-
patriated must tell their stories
before the entire Red program
can be brought into focus.
Two conclusions. however,
seem clear at this stage.
Only One Red Success.
The first is that the Chinese,
through the use they made of
the prisoners, have scored great
propaganda successes in Asian
countries and elsewhere in the
world where the falsity of the
American confessions has not
been so obvious as it has been
here.
The second conclusion is that
the Chinese have scored no real
propaganda success over the
minds of the prisoners them
selves. Perhaps the Chinese
brand Of brain washing simply
was not adapted to the Ameri-
can mind. Or perhaps the an
Swer was summed up most
simply in the words of one re-
turned prisoner:
How could I possibly be con-
vinced that these Communists
were all right when they were
holding me prisoner and treating
me worse than I ever had been
treated In my life?"
Evening star., 1953-05-10
Bur Section to Dine

The administrative law sec
tion Of the District Bar Associa-
ton win hold its annual dinner
at $3.50 pm. Wednesday at the
Shoreham Hotel. Cabinet men,
bers and heads of executive de-
partments of the Eisenhower ad-
ministration will be guests OF
honor.
Evening star., 1953-05-10

tied. II shall listen intently to
what I am told and consider
the problems brought to my at
tention with the utmost inter-
est and sympathy" he said.
The Secretary pointed out that
many problems, some affecting
the freedom and security of the
entire free world, are faced in
that area and ARE all the more
pressing because of the strategic
location of these lands"
The guardian., 1953-08-08

School Committee. Some years
ago, Mr.. Ralph Banks and the
writer waged one man battles
against school textbook slander,
the then race bar against color
ed teachers, and a racial pre-
JUDGED Headmaster, now re-
tired, Actually such work as TINS
should be handled by quall-
fed and interested member OF
the School Committee elected
from this district. Recently, we
were informed that the Medtord
Plan E. Association list OF en-
dorsed candidates would in
clude those who were entered
and considered qualified from
this district. This would be a
great opportunity of wide pub
licity never before enjoyed by
any local candidates. Previous
deIeats have been from lack Of
publicity. However, this column
can not file the papers and
make the speeches. That is up
to the candidates. 1t is up to the
Community to produce candi-
dates. And Primary time is Just
around the corner. The clock is
running out. All those interested
in joining the Plan E Associa-
ton may contact Mrs. Frank
Hazel. For civic, information,
contact City Clerk George Has
sett. Mr.. Cortland Dugger start
ed work this week as a Research
Lab Technician at a Govern
ment hospital. He was a Navy
Pharmacist Mate during the
war. We hear that former Med
fordite wellington Clarke, son
of the popular Rev. Clark was
married this month in N. Y.
Lou Cousins tells us that Pat
Parham, the ever young Med
ford Satchel Paige is still in
baseball, managing a team in
town. Nobody loved baseball
The guardian., 1953-08-08
MAIDEN
EMMANUEL BAPTIST CHURCH
Rev. Earl W. Lawson, Pastor

Rev. Earl w. Lawson, Pastor
There will be no Sunday
School during August. The
Pastors theme for the morn
ing sermon was 1.-The Meanings
OF Studied Quietnessp. Music
was by the Harmonettes and
Cherubs Choruses with Mrs.
Emma Gray a sololst. They sang
Somebody's Knocking at the
Door, Let us Break Bread To-
gether", and Thank You, Lord.
Holy Communion was served.
Mrs. Eta Kennedy was given
the right hand of fellowship.
Mrs. Peggy Steven joined under
watch care. Visitors were: Mrs.
S. J. Walker, Boydton, Okla,
Robert Steward, Roosevelt, N. M,
Mrs. William Desmond, Carona,
L. 1. Prayer meeting Tuesday
evening was led by the Unity
Club and Young Missionaries.
Speaker next Sunday will be
Rev. James j. Jackson of Maid
en-.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ralph Hensey
celebrated their goth wedding
anniversary with a reception at
their home in Everett on August
2. They renewed their marriage
VOWS with Rev. Lawson off1ciat.>
ing. Mrs. Gray was soloist. The
invited guests included the Five
Fold Club of which Mrs. Hensey
is president. Vacationing: Miss
Geraldine Martin at Washing
ton, D. C; Mrs. Sara j. Carter,
Kittery, Maine; Mrs. Major
Smith, Canada and New York,
Rev. and Mrs. James L. Jack
son, Chicago, ILL.,, Mrs. Mildred
Richardson has returned from
Tulsa, Okla, after visiting her
mother who was i'll.
The guardian., 1953-08-08
WEST MEDFORD

Pastor Phillips has returned
from most enjoyable vacation
trip in the Southwestern states,
and notably Texas, where he
was impressed by the improved
economic and religious advance
ments of colored citizens. AS
guest of former Pastor Wynn
and an alumnus of Bishop him
self, Pastor Phillips may relate
some of his observations when
he returns to the Shiloh Pulpit
this coming Sunday morning.
SO be on hand if you can. Among
other vacationistS who have re-
turned home at this writing are
Mr.. and Mrs. Johnson who
motored to N. Y. and Canada;
Major and Mrs. Hugh BoSfeld
who motored to Maine and Long
Island Mr.. and Mrs. James
Thompson who motored to Ken
lucky. There are others, and we
would like to hear from them.
Popular Medford auto salesman
Bob Jones has had his mother
vacationing here in Medford
from Phi1a delphia. Among
other visitors staying in Med
ford are Mrs. Wallace Mof1tt of |
Wacquit on the Cape, and Mr..
Archie Gum of Columbus, Ohio. !
Following a family reunion with |
his mother, Eddie Dugger, his
wife, Wertha, and three child
rem, all motored back to Dayton,
Ohio, this week. Ed is still keep
ing in sports as an official in
basketball and football and is
board member of his local Y
His wife is a school teacher. As
you can imagine, the Medford
family reunion equalled about
two regiments, counting the
kids, and relatives of Eds wife,
who motored over for the &C.
casion.
The Garden Club Prize Yard
Contest is now open to every
one. Simply contact Mrs. Iver
Furr and the judges will include
your yard or garden spot in the
voting. Moreover, the winners
will appear on film. Call now.
The Lynn Swimming Party
sponsored by the Teenage group
of the Community Center was
well attended and everyone had
grand time. The Community
Center Boys Camp outing at
Fellsland is slated for August
is, one week from Sunday. The
new auto road edging the park
has been put through. The MTA
trackleSs trollies are due soon.
Unless local political candi-
dates for School Committee and
Council start soon they may
miss the boat. There are still
no announced local candidate
committees. Primaries are next
month. This repeated sounding
off regarding local candidates
may seem nionotonous to young
er readers. But most adults who
live in this community are to-
day property owners who pay
taxes and deserve full and equal
representation in the Medford
City Council and on the School
Committee. Few readers Of this
column can today name any
one at City Hall who is especi-
ally interested in this district. /
except at voting time. We need /
local man on the City Council. I
And with our growing number 1
of students in schools, we de- 4
serve a local woman on the /
The guardian., 1953-08-08

Don't let your figure go to
waist. - Gladys Howard.
The guardian., 1953-08-08
CAMBRIDGE
ST. PAUL
A. M. {. CHURCH
Rev. c. B. BarrOws, Pastor

Last Sunday morning the
pastor preached to good sized
and still growing audience a
sermon which turned the minds
in the direction of the Last
Supper, in preparation for the
Communion which closed the
service. Maude Woodruff pre-
sided at the organ in place of
Ernest O'Banyon, who was
called to the bedside of his
brother, Simon, in Greenwich,
Conn. Marjorie Greene played
for the Young Adult Choir in
the absence of Madeline Bryan.
A beautiful solo was rendered
by Gertrude Debnam. At night
many heard the pastor utter
a lesson in Truth, while sup
ported by the Senior Choir in
the one-hour vesper which is
growing in the hearts of those
who attend
The guardian., 1953-08-08
WORCESTER
JOHN ST. BAPTIST CHURCH
43 John Street
Rev. H. Benton Harris, Pastor

~
Rev. H. Benton Harris, Pastor
John Frank Graham was
baptised by Rev. Harris follow
ing the morning service Sun
day, July %. His father came
all the way from Gastonia, N.
c., to witness the baptism.
After the service the son and
brother Of the father drove
the latter back as far as New
Haven, Conn, in order that ne
might catch through train to
Washington, D. c. The
Master Helping League, Deacon
Henry Kelley, president, met to
finish business relative to their
annual picnic and outing to
Nantasket Beach, Sunday, Au-
gust 16. Ernest Boyd and Harry
Bates are working for the sum-
mer at Camp Truda Oxford,
Me. Mrs, Louise Ward has gone
to Washington, D. c., and Vir-
ginia on a motor trip with Mrs.
Beatrice Smith and family.
Mrs. Lulu Everett spent the
weekend with the Spikes in
West Newton, Mass. The entire
church and choir and minister
are planning to attend in a
body the Victory Celebration of
the Concord Baptist Church,
Sunday afternoon, September
27. Rev. w. Marvin Gibson will
be guest speaker at the Home
Coming celebration the second
in October. The pastor,
officers and congregation we're
The guardian., 1953-08-08

sorry to hear of the recent
illness of Rev. Gibson and wish
for him a speedy and full re-
coyery.
The guardian., 1953-08-08

more than pat. And at his peak
he probably threw a ball Just
as hard and fast as Satchel.
The guardian., 1953-08-08

Fred Riggs is getting ready
to let the public hear his gold
en- voice again. I believe that
October 2 will be the date.
Fuller particulars will appear
in the GUARDIAN issues Of
the future.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1953-03-05
Rummoge Sales

BIG sale, rummage sale, old and new
clothes, miscellaneous merchandise.
Monday and Tuesday, March 9Th and
10th. 15020 AspinWall