davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09
What Is The Purpose?

Sickening as the reports from Poland are we
should use them TO bring home TO ourselves and
others the true nature of Communist aggression and
subiueaton. Their "modus operandi" indicates the
order and Importance OF what they consider to be
the greatest obstacles placed in the way of their
world dominating schemes.
So much is heard today from wenientioned,
supposedy educated people blatantly anti-commun-
st, who reduce their opposition to the Marxist
system to the single plane OF social economy. They
see II merely as the reverse of system of gov
ernmcn to which they subscrbe-neyer advertine
70 the fact that economics is just one small phase
Of the Communist philosophy
The encroachment Of the state on the indivd.
ual's right Of private ownership would seem, ac-
cording to these persons 10 be the great and only
evil born of Communism Fix up this one point
they say, and Communism takes its place with
all those other forms Of government which differ
from our own,
The way In which Communist policy is carried
out quickly gives the lie 10 any such simplified
almost rosy view Of the problem now facing the
world
Were economies all that is involved in the
Communits quest even If II were the most import
ant part OF the quest We should have no stories
OF violent persecution and wholesale crimes against
humanity emanating daily from those places al
ready existing under Communism. II takes such
elaborately planned criminal aels TO merely change
the economies Of various countries even II the pro
posed new economic system Is something that is
seen to be immoral by those forced 10 live by IL
The process OF Communist aggression was men.
toned as the true index or criterion Of Commun-
ist intent DO they wish merely TO dethrone Capital
ism and replace II with Socialism? Arc they inter.
ested solely IN the economic status Of the worker
and establishing his rightful place in world 30
ciety? Let the history Of their acts prove then
intentions.
Economic leaders are passed over almost nn
noticed by the Communists in their haste TO per
secute and destroy religion means to the end
you say. surelv--but what end9 Socialized economy
Not bit of IL
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09
INQUIRY CORNER
Must Stolen Articles
Always Be Returned?

approved customs Of the people
or peculiar circumstances de
mand the contrary; the women
should assist in modest dress
and with heads covered, especial
ly when they approach the Table
Of the Lord" To disregard these
regulations of the Church for
due reverence in Gods house
would be sinful if done deliber-
ately. Loyal Americans consider
it serious if someone deliberate
ly keeps his hat on when the
flag goes by. Reverence for God
is more important. For a man
to enter church with his hat on
or a woman without head COW
ering there would have to be a
proportionate reason. 1t would
be a grave sin, however, only If
done in spirit Of wilful irrever.
ence.
@. In regard OF frdternuL cor
rectiou mentioned in your col
unln some time ago does it refer
to sins committed lvhen you are
present only
A. 1t is grave duty TO avert
sin or the proximate occasion of
sin from another. 1t is not a kind
of scolding administered for sins
committed but has to do with our
duty out of love of our neighbor
TO keep him from sin. 1t would
be rash to act if reports of the
persons sinful actions come to
us through gossip or rash judg-
ment. My neighbor must be in
actual spiritual distress, the
need must be grave, and there
must be some hope that he will
profit by the correction. Ordi-
narily it is to be administered
only when it is the only way to
stop a person from SHINING lie.
when superiors such as parents
or the pastor for some reason
cannot or do not admonish the
person.
@. When a monk Catholic dies
can a priest come IN and pray
for that person? Is he permit.
ted to hold service for that
person in a funeral home? Can
a non-Catholic be buried lcith a
serUice In Catholic Charche
A. IN particular instances the
pastor as a rule is free to de-
eide whether it is fitting and
proper to visit the home or flu.
neral parlor for private prayers.
ITO take part in the services of
any funeral other than a CATH
olic funeral" as a decree of the
Fifth Synod of the Diocese of
Columbus states, "a priest must
have the permission of the Ordi-
nary A non-Catholic cannot be
buried with service in a Cath
olic Church.
Send questions to Rev. Ed
ward F. Hesley, The Inquiry
Corner, The Catholic Times, Box
636, Columbus (16) Ohio.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09
WASHINCTON LETTER
Trial. Reflects Red Strategy
WASHlNCTOs LETTER

WASHINGTON-In many re-
spects the trial" and sentence
of Bishop Czeslaw Kaczmarek
before a Polish communist court
were strictly in accordance with
the pattern traced by the perse-
cution of Catholic leaders
throughout the Soviet orbit. The
free world has almost become
used TO the catalogue OF "charg-
es" which vary little, be il in
Yugoslavia or China, in Hungary
or Poland of Czechoslovakia.
But there is one aspect of the
Warsaw ia dicial proceedings
which. according to students Of
the worldwide communist war
on religion in general and the
Catholic Church in particular,
deserves the closest attention.
Unless properly understood it
may mislead and deceive even
those who are friendly toward
the Church and abhor the per-
secution to which she is sub
jected
Their danger arises from the
diabolically clever manner with
which the prosecutors of the
Church mix up Catholicism and
nationalism, religion and patriot
ism, and from their efforts TO
draw a distinction between
"schemine Vatican circles" and
the Holy Father as spiritual head
of the Universal Church.
Osservatore Romano has re-
Gently pointed out how this
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09

Communism as ii operates.
Whether on the local leCel or
the national scale, he lCho takes
a stand for has country aud for
God today is bound to be incon-
Uenienced, miSrepreSeHted, ahd
sometimes hordsSed. But il il
be looked upon as a penance and
an obligation. then the perform
ance OF this duty will bring its
own satisfaction.
Back the Attorney General
At this present moment, the
Communist conspiracy is de-
nouncing Attorney General Her
bert Brownell with the same
venom with which il has gone
after others who have sought TO
restrain ii. The move by the At
torney General against the Com
munist fronts, which is so essent-
ial to American security. has
brought a torrent Of abuse down
upon his head. The September 6
issue of the Daily Worker de-
clares in long article that
''Brownell is out in the open as
a backer of McCarthyism." Five
days later, the National Com
mittee of the Communist Party
issued call for action against
Brownell, bitterly criticizing
his measures against the fronts
and even for the arrest Of Rob
ert THOMPSON and Sid Stein. the
Red fugitives from justice,
No matter what man't parti-
san political adherence may be,
he il bound as an American 10
qire encouragement TO the At.
torneu General IA his effort 70
bring the Communist fronts be.
fore the. Subrersiue Activities
Control Board.
The call made by the Red
leadership will get a bic re-
Spouse, and Washington will re
eeiye many. letters protesting
against the Department Of Jus
tice moves. There is an chliga-
tion upon everyone who wishes
actually To halt Communism to
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09

the Vatican is denounced as a
supporter of European colonial
exploiters" and as an enerny of
freedom.
Many other examples could be
cited to show how communism
works nightly to saddle the
Holy See with multitude of un-
popular political and socia
schemes, and thus present it to
ignorant minds as sinister pow
er of reaction. !" And, incident.
ally, it is not only the commun-
lists who seek to arouse antagon-
ism toward the Holy See with
such methods.
The danger is-and according
to many reports it is moi only
potential. but an acute danger
that such schemes may prove
successful with those Catholics
who fail to have clear concep-
tion of the spiritual function of
the Holy See and allow national
and patriotic sentiments and
ambitions to becloud their du-
ties and loyalties toward the
Church.
That patriotism and Catholic
ism are not opposed to each 9th
er but are supplementary be-
comes clear from even an ele-
mentary knowledge of Catholic
teaching. But communism does
not cease in its efforts to con
strue a contrast and TO exploit
faulty conceptions for the bene-
fit of Red tyrannies.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09

scheme works. BY denouneing
the Vatican as the spearhead of
all kinds of devious reaction
AIRY" movements allegedly aim
ing to undo the vast political,
economic and social changes of
the past so or rs years, an eff
fort is made to arouse ancient
national and racial antgonisms,
TO stir up old reSentments, and to
profit by old grievances.
Thus. for the Catholics of Slo-
venia and Croatia the Vatican is
depicted as the traditional en-
emy Of the SlavS@ and the "ally"
what is termed italian inn
perialistic ambitions" along the
Adriatic Sea.
In Hungary. an attempt is
made to poison the minds of
proud. patriotic Fungarians by
denouncing the Vatican as a
supporter Of largely imaginary
plans looking toward a restora-
tion of the Hapsburg monarchy.
Both in Czechoslovakia and
Poland, the communist propa-
eandists, exploiting the memoir
les of nazi Germany's ruthless
suppression of the Czechs and
Poles, peddle spurious s.'eyi-
derce" showing that the Vati-
can is 100 per cent on the side
Of the Germans and supports
German revisionist claims.
In China and other Far East
ern countries, where the people
strive for national independence.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09

bit of soul searching.
One of the first things did
was TO pick up the Daila Worker
and learn that il still assails
me. There was no reinsurance
in that knowledge. For the ex.
Communist cannot be said to be
fulfilling his function unless he
harms. retards, and helps break
down the conspiracy.
When Communist, lac devot-
ed SO much energy to spreading
this spiritual disease Of our
time that he has no option--if
he is sincere in his reformation
but TO expand equal or even
greater energy to end It And
that thought applies, though in
slightly different way. to those
who did not fall into the griey-
GUS sickness that | did-to quote
st. Augustine
No Easy Task
Two days after this, for me,
notable date Of October Il,
comes the remembrance of the
great miracle of Our Lady at
Fatima. Her appeal against
atheistic Communism, even be
fore it came into power in Soviet
Russia, was that We saue our
selues from it through prayer
and also through pendnce.
II is no easy task TO take part
In actually coming to grips with
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09

Religion is the one thing opposing the total
Communist philosophy which is geared not TO re-
place economic systems but to destruction of sll
morality-to the subverting of the whole world pur-
pose as established not by man. but by Almighty
God.
The entire reason for mans creation and his
daily existence, the cause and end of mans pres.
ence on this earth is denied by Communist phios
ophy Communism's purpose is to make man the
sole measure of his destiny. to create world in
his own image. The resulting chaos is the measure
Of Communisms philosophy intent, purpose and
success.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09

number Of restrictions on Cathol-
icism existed. Whereas in Den
mark, Finland and Norway most
of the historical obstacles to the
restoration Of the faith had pass
ed into disuSe, in Sweden ii was
but few months ago when the
Church was suffering really or
in theory from some of the most
yexatious forms of legislation.
II is always hard to distinguish
between formal and popular re-
strictions. There can be no doubt
that the Swedish people are the
least sympathetic TO Catholicism
just as the Norwegian and Dam
ish are the most-and the rea-
son is in part historical. Sweden
fancies itself the giant of the
north, the staunch defender of
Lutheran orthodoxy against its
its enemies. and the chosen
champion Of anti-Catholici m.
The fact that Sweden's national
greatness coincided with the
period during which it stood for
Lutherism against its enemies
contributes great deal to this
state of mind.
Clergy Civil Servants
The Lutheran Church in Swed-
en- occupies a far more signifi-
cant position in the national
life than elsewhere. Although
all the scandinavian countries
are officially Lutheran. there are
degrees of support and OF en-
thusiasm. do not mean to imply
that the SwedeS are particularly
good Lutherans-a all the evidence
seems to point to the fact that
most of them could scarcely care
less. | heard estimates of actual
church attendance that ran from
two per cent in Stockholm 10
possibly ten per cent in the
countryside and small towns. At
best. the adherence of the Swed-
ish people to the state church
does not constitute much more
than a gesture and a question Of
social prestige.
The Lutheran ministers are
civil servants. | was astonished
fo discover that in the cities
they have offices. exactly like
doctors or LAWYERS. and put IN a
normal working day, attending
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09
INQUIRY CORNER

Q. Does one haze to restore a
stolen article taken some time
ago 1rhen one did not knop
about restitution Hoe do you
determine the Uallte Of q stolen
article 10 be restored? What if
one doesn't knor for sure the
identity OF tie oarner?
A. An object which has been
stolen must be restored to its
owner. When the person realiz-
es his obligation to restitution
he must restore the object if it
is possible. As far as the value is
concerned, if the object itself
does not exist the equivalent, or
dinarily in money, could satisfy
the obligation. Ordinarily this
would mean the value of the
object to be replaced at the
market-price at the time Of re-
storation. If the owner can be
found restitution must be made
to him or his heirs. The effort
to find him must be proportion
cd to the value of the article
in question. II the owner is dead
the restitution must be made to
his heirs. IL he cannot be found
restitution must be made to the
poor or to some pious cause. For
personal advice in the matter of
restitution Catholics should ask
advice in the confessional.
O. What is the Catholic uiel0-
point regarding the n1oUie Mar
tn Luther? Are the facts IN
the picture true-or hoio close
to the truth do they come!
A. For information on movies
Catholics should consult the
CATHOLIC TIMES, and Catholic
magazines. Judging by The pub
licity it is scarcely an authentic
historical biography. A film glor-
flying a priest who married a
nun and left the Church can
scarcely be a pleasant film for
Catholics. From the available
reviews il would seem that the
movie attempts to avoid often
sive references TO the Catholic
Church and tries to conform to
the historical facts. In so doing
however. ii simply omits the an
swers any educated Catholic
could give to Luther's questions
and objections. One review char
acterized the movie as technical
ly we'll done but not true. Ger
tainiy it does not tell the whole
truth, but is designed to present
a romantic figure in as favorable
a light as possible Check the
Legion of Decency listing in the
TIMES.
q. Is it Sinfid to 90 into
Chuclt teithout something on
your l1ead2
A. Canon No. 1862 Of Canon
Law states dn parD :. THE men
should assist at divine services,
either in church or outside of it,
with uncovered heads, unless the
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09
Man $ Law?

The intentional infraction of any safety law
with the attendant possibility of injury to others
is sin against God long before it becomes crime
against the state.
Thou shalt not kill' cries much louder than the
warning whistle, red flashers stop lights and yel-
low speed signs.
YoL not just accountable TO the police off
Ger for q traffic violation where someone could be
injured. Some one else is standing behind him.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09

parture from
the Communist
co n S p irae y
and return to
the Church. In
the midst of
the sense of
deep gratitude
which / wish
to share with
the readers Of
this column, /
have done a
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09

ism in Sweden
and TO set off
the conclusions
a in st the
background of
[ h e national
( e m perament,
the social mil
leu and the
historical tra-
dltiOn.
Sweden is
I h e country
M n q n tYa1tll
most recently,
the larg IS I
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09
LOUIS r. BUDENZ

Perhaps | may be pardoned
for a personal word this week,
Sunday, October IL, marks the
eighth anniversary of my de-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1953-10-09
RICHARD P4TTEE
The Church in StUede,

AS in the other Scandinavian
countries, / have tried to find
out as much as possible about
the status and future of Catholic
Evening star., 1953-04-05
Italian Parliament Is Dissolved
In Move to Block Communists

The outgoing parliament was
elected in April. 1948-the cham
ber of deputies for five years and
the Senate for six years. Italy
became a republic in June. 1946.
after a referendum of the people
ended the reign Of the House Of
Savoy.
Smashed Desks.
The action cutting short the
terms Of the senators came a
week after Communists and So
cialists. swinging fists and
smashing desks. vainly sought to
block passage of a government
sponsored election reform law.
This law gives any party or
coalition of parties receiving
more than so per cent Of the
vote in the national election 65
per cent of the seats in the
chamber Of deputies. The Com
munists charged the law was de-
signed to rig the election against
them and insure a sweeping vic
tory for government parties.
Evening star., 1953-04-05
President 5oIutes Free Europe
On NATO's 4th Anniversary

representatives Of IL free nations
met in Washington to sign their
names to q document which free
men will long remember. That
document was the North Atlantic
Treaty. I.
I'm the years since that date
other nations have signed their
names and pledged their strength
Ito make NATO the central
source Of strength for defense
Of the Western world.
This year it happens that we
commemorate the anniversary
Of NATO at Easter time. To
peoples Of all faiths the spiritual
idea Of the Prince of Peace car
ries meaning. And NATO is an
instrument of peace. It endang-
erS none who will respect free
dom. It serves all who love-
freedom-and wish to enjoy it In
peace.
1--WE have learned from bitter
and conclusive experience that
peace cannot be defended by the
weak. It demands strength,
strength of our armies. strength
Evening star., 1953-04-05

no corner Of safety anywhere In
the world. But so long as these
people and these resources are
Joined with those Of the United
States in our common cause, no
aggressor can be blind to the
folly Of attack.
"The work Of NATO is far
from complete. This anniversary.
then, should be the signal for all
NATO nations to dedicate them
selves with renewed vigor to the
work that remains to be done.
So doing, each and all must know
that they are serving-not the
wishes or needs of some big alien
power, nor even a lofty abstract
ideal-but simply their own sal.
vation and survival in freedom.
Each and all must remind
themselves that the faint Of
heart and the slow of deed are
the first and the Slrest to invite
the torment of aggression.
Each and all of us must sum-
mon to mind the words Of Him
whom we honor this Eastertime:
When a strong man, armed.
keepeth his palace. his goods are
in peace"
Evening star., 1953-04-05

Of our economies. and. above all,
strength of our spirit.
This strength can be born
only Of unity. NATO signifies the
resolve Of the free nations Of
the North Atlantic community to
be united against any aggression.
The North Atlantic Treaty served
notice that attack upon any of
the NATO countries would be
resisted by all. It did yet more:
It called upon all participating
nations to develop that strength
which could not only win war
but more Importantly could pre-
vent war.
1.-The two hundred million peo-
pie Of the NATO nations Of
Europe are in the deepest sense
bound together by a unity more
profound than any pact. They
are skilled in work, courageous
in spirit. and tenacious in their
love of freedom. They-their
spirit and strength and resources
are indispensable to the de-
fense Of freedom everywhere.
IF they and their resources
ever were captured and exploited
by an aggreSSor, there would be
Evening star., 1953-04-05
By The Assoeiussd Press

ROME. April president
Luigi Einaudi dissolved the new
Italian republics first parliament
today and called for a national
election June Z.
Senators still had a year to
serve, but the cabinet ended their
terms of Office along with those
Of the representatives (deputies)
in move intended to give the
government a clear-cut election
victory and clip the wings Of
Communists.
Turbulent Campaign Seen.
A turbulent election campaign
is a foreign conclusion. At its
end, newly elected parliament
members will meet June IS to
face their first major task: Ac-
ton Of the European army plan.
Premier Alcide de Gasperi
had pledged the unified army
project would be ratified before
the election, but his government
ran into fierce opposition from
Communists and fellow travelling
Socialists and couldn't swing it.
Evening star., 1953-04-05
BY he A.soelot.d Pres.

President Eisenhower said yes
terday that II the free nations Of
Europe ever were captured by an
aggressor "there would be no
corner Of safety anywhere in
the world"
"But so long as these people
and these resources are Joined
with those Of the United States
in our common cause" he said,
mo aggreSsor can be blind to the
folly Of attack"
Gen. EiSenhower's statement
commemorated the signing, four
years ago yesterday of the North
Atlantic Treaty by the original
IL nations.
The IL nations were Belgium,
Britain, Canada, Denmark,
France, Iceland. Italy, Luxem-
bourgh, The Netherlands, Nor
way, Portugal and the United
States. Greece and Turkey have
Joined since.
This is the text Of the Eisen-
hover statement.
Just four years ago today the
Evening star., 1953-04-05
Sc, 900 Gift Provided
For Hampton Mansion
BY the A..eeietsd press

Secretary Of Interior Mckay
announced yesterday $4,000 has
been donated to the National
Park Service to buy two stone
stables or carriage houses and q
small parcel Of land to round
out the Hampton National His
toric Site near ToWson, Md.
MIR. Mckay said the Avalon
Foundation, a charitable and
educational trust founded by
Mrs. Ailsa Mellon Bruce, donated
the money, plus another $4,000
to repair and preserve the
stables.
The stables are involved in
the history of the Hampton
mansion, famous as one of the
finest Georgian buildings in
America.
Evening star., 1953-04-05
SmuuqIers Favor Opium

KUALA LUMPUR (P.-Opium
was the favorite item of SNUG
glers in Malaga last year. Nearly
four tons of the. contraband
worth 100000 were seized by
CuStomsmen. They reported
there was a drop in gold
smuggling. But after opium,
came tobacco, cosmetics, cam
eraS. watches and other luxurieS
In order of Importance.