davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1953-01-17
VIII ieh
Q m e
EYES SHOW CRAMPS, NERVES. MISERY

You, too, may not be able to hide
month no matter how much "ma Ike -up'
you use. Keep your secret safe during
those" days-don't be the one girl in
three who shows the strain from tell
tale nerves and cramps - has chat
monthly looks
Take Cardui, a special medicine
trusted by thousands of women, girls
TO help insure against cramps,
NERVES" and monthly misery. A little
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1953-01-17
has thaf M0NTHY Look?

Cardui each day helps build strength
so resistance may be greater each
month, nervousness and suffering less
and less. Look more natural-feel and
sleep better. Ask your dealer for
Cardui. (Say: "cord-you-eye").
MANY scientists estimate that at some
: tine during life out of epery s ,cosnen
snDers from monthly discomfort.
K: s .sX|UN
MONTHLY CRAMPS CHANGE OF LIFE
Evening star., 1953-01-11

the 'titular churches" to which the
cardinals are appointed. All cardi-
nails rank alike in the church hier-
archy.
Even in the matter Of maximum
numbers, however, the Pope is not
restricted. He may, if he chooses,
increase or diminish. the total at
any time. In practice, the mem
bership Of the sacred college in
modern times has seldom actually
been 10. The "a elevations to be
made at this weeks great consistory
will bring the number to 20 for the
first time in nearly 200 years.
One Appointee Dies
One of the "a prelates originally
selected to be elevated at the con-
sistory died, He was the Patriarch
of Venice. Msgr. Carlo Agostini. Pope
Plus Immediately named Valerian
Gracias, Archbishop of Bombay tIn-
dial, to take the Venetian's place so
as to maintain the college at full
strength.
Two other cardinals will not be
present this week. owing to the harsh
realities of power politics.
Archbishop Alojzijc Stepinac Of
Yugoslavia. convicted by Tito after
the war for collaborating with the
Nazis and released conditionally
year ago. Is at liberty to go to Rome.
However, he will not make the trip
because he fears that Tito would not
let him return to Yugoslavia.
Like Stepinac. Archbishop Stefan
Wyszynski is free to make the jour-
ney but won't, lest the Iron Curtain
clang shut behind him. Ironically.
the archbishop S name is the Polish
equivalent of Vishinsky, Russian
name of the Soviet Foreign Minister
who has made so much trouble for
the likes of the cleric.
Thus the great consistory tomor-
row viii take place under the shadow
Of the crisis of our times, with
world divided and the Roman
Catholic Church facing a challenge
at least as grave as any In its many
centuries Of existence.
Evening star., 1953-01-11
Pope Hos Appointive Power

Cardinals are named by the Su-
preme Pontiff himself, at his own
discretion, governed by only a few
limitations more traditional than
constitutional: A cardinal l-designate
must be of legitimate birth, he must
not be a father of family, he cam
not be close relative of any living
cardinal and (since 1919 he must
be an ordained priest. In modern
times, it has been consistent Vati-
can practice to name as cardinals
those prelates who have performed
some particularly outstanding serv-
ice to the far-f1ung interests of the
church, or who, by their personal
abilities or in the nature of their
assignment. can strengthen the faith
significantly through their exalted
rank.
Until well into the Middle Ages the
title of cardinal was given to promi-
nent priests in Europe,S most i'm
portant churches. Then, as the rel-
ative Importance of the Pope as
Bishop of Rome grew, the rank was
restricted to those pastors Of churches
in and about the city of Rome whose
duties were closely tied to the ad-
ministration of the Holy See. in
1859 Pope Nicholas II Increased the
Importance Of the cardinals by en-
trusting to them the supervision OF
papal elections and IN 1170 Alex
Evening star., 1953-01-11

pear to have been the determining
factor in imposition of the extreme
penalty.
Since Judge kaufman handed
down the death penalty the RoSen-
berg case has been through the
courts several times. including two
unsuccessful appeals for Supreme
Court hearings. The record has
been examined time and again for
errors that would justify retrial
No higher court has overturned
either the finding or the sentence
against the Rosenhergs.s Nineteen
and half months have passed
since the date originally scheduled
for execution. and the Rosenhergs
are still alive. s5
Against this background of sober
legal process the current propaganda
war is being played. The keynote
of the campaign is that ''hysteria"
has worked against the Rosenbergs
from beginning to end; that nothing
but cold-war fever can account for
the fact that the Rosenbergs were
COIluSuIIlcQ W QlG.
Confusing Charges
Along with this "hysteria" charge
have come number of statements
which tend to confuse the issue in
the mind of the public.
The assertion has been made, for
instance, that the Rosenbergs were
tried six years after the war ended
and therefore should not have been
subject to wartime penalties. The
acts alleged, however, were COM
mitted in war time.
It has been stated, too, that they
should not have been tried under
the Title 18 statute because Russia
at that time was an ally rather than
an enemy. Actually, the law makes
no distinction between friend and
foe, and does not even require that
delivery of the information would
injure the United States.
Another charge commonly heard
is that Judge Kaufman was unduly
harsh in imposing a death sentence
on the convicted spies. Though the
judge-as BELTS a jurist's position
Evening star., 1953-01-11

has not explained his reasons beyond
what he said in sentencing the pair,
this much seems clear:
Under the law, if Judge Kaufman
had decided on anything less than
death, he would have been limited
to a 30-year sentence. Under Fed
eral procedure. the Rosenbergs then
could have applied for parole after
one-third of their time was served.
They conceivably could have been
walking the street as early as 1861.
One advertisement, printed last
month, quoted Miss Dorothy
Thompson, the columnist, as saying
that "The death sentence =. de-
presses me- interviewed last week.
Miss Thompson expressed anger
that these words should have been
used ostensibly in support of the
Rosenbergs. She said the words
which appeared originally in a
column printed April IL, 1951-were
wrenched out Of context. Newspaper
files show that the complete SEN
tence in question read:
1.-THE death sentence passed on
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg by Fed
eral Judge Irving R. Kaufman de-
presses me, as every such sentence
does"
Bock in Context
The columnist explained that
these words alluded to her long
standing opposition to the death
penalty for any crime. She added
last week that she considers the
espionage law defective in its lack
of provision for life Imprisonment.
The Save-the -Rosenbergs cam
paign did not get we'll under way
until last fall. when the couple first
came really into the shadow of the
electric chair. Then, on November
Is. petition from 20 prominent
rabbis in Jerusalem was sent to
President Truman. Pertinent parts
read:
eve can hardly imagine that Jews
anywhere in the world and espe-
cially in a glorious country like the
United States should act against
the interests Of the state. At least,
Evening star., 1953-01-11

more of such persons do any act
to effect the object of the conspiracy,
each of the parties to such con-
Spiracy shall be subject to the pun
ishment provided for the offense
which is the object of such con-
spiracy."
The offenses alleged in the indict-
ment were dated 1914 and 1945,
while the United States was actively
at war against Germany and Japan.
The Trial
The trial opened in New York on
March 6, 1851. before Federal Dis
trict Judge Irving r. Kaufman.
Twenty-three days later. on
March 20. the jury returned guilty
verdicts against the Rosenbergs and
SobeH. Here is what was brought
out in that tedious proceeding:
Greenglass testified that his sis
ter, Ethel Rosenberg. had talked
him into atomic spying at q time
when he was assigned to the super
secret A-bomb installation at Los
Alamos, N. Mex. He said further
that he had delivered sketches and
notes on hush-huSh bomb mechan-
ism to Julius Rosenberg, and had
been paid sums Of money from time
to time. He also implicated his wife.
Big Names
Other information delivered to
the Rosenbergs. Greenglass said,
showed that such top scientists at
Los Alamos as Robert Oppenheimer,
Neils Bohr and Harold Urey were
working on the project.
At the time of the Fuchs arrest
early in 1850. Greenglass testified
further, Julius Rosenberg tried to
get the ex-soldier to leave the coun-
try and seek haven behind the Iron
Curtain.
Harry Gold. already under SEN
tence of 80 years after pleading
guilty on similar charge, provided
the link between the Rosenbergs and
the Fuchs spy ring. Evidence al
ready adduced showed that the
Rosenbergs had arranged for Green
glass to turn over information to an
agent who would call on him in New
Mexico. Identity of the agent would
be established by an intricately cut
half of dessert box panel, the
matching half OF which Rosenberg
had given GreenglasS. Gold-Green-
glass testified-had this piece of
cardboard when he called on Green
glass at Albuquerque.
Very Valuable
Colds testimony showed that he
had received orders to visit Green
glass from the Soviet Vice Consul,
Yakovlev, and that on this same
trip West he contacted and got in
formation from Fuchs as well as
Greenglass. Gold testified that he
turned these data over to Yakovlev
and that the Soviet agent told him
the information was very valuable"
to Russia.
The Rosenbergs. when it came
time to take the stand, denied all
the charges and attempted to refute
all the testimony linking them with
the spy ring.
On April 5. 1851, Judge Kaufman
pronounced sentence. Labelling
their crime worse than murder"
the judge sentenced Julius and
Ethel Rosenberg to death.
Reason for Penalty
The activities of the Rosenbergs
as recruiters. rather than simply as
agents, go-betweens or couriers, ap-
Evening star., 1953-01-11
By Fred Theroux

ny TIeu IHetOuA
century church OF st. Anastasia as
his "titular" church.
Collectively, the cardinals COM
prise the sacred college" and func-
ton in this sense as advisers and
counsellors to the reigning pontiff.
The Pope. however, is not required
to seek their counsel, or to follow
it. Neither is he restricted in his
absolute authority by any constitu-
tional prerogative of the sacred col
lege. During the Middle Ages, the
cardinals more than once tried to
get the Pope to consult with the
college before acting in important
matters. They even tried to establish
the requirement that the Pope could
not act without the cardinals ap-
proval. Some pontiffs, anxious to
preserve harmony ana unity in the
Evening star., 1953-01-11

Holy See. complied at times with
these procedures and were called
parliamentary Popes." BY 1895,
however. more forceful Popes had
resolved the situation and clarified
the relationships of the cardinals to
the church.
Numbers Voy
From the time of their earliest
appearance until 1886, the number
of cardinals existing at any one time
varied widely-as few as seven, as
many as 20. In 1886, Sixtus v de-
creed that their number be 20. after
the 40 elders of Moses" described
in the Old Testament. The 10 are
divide into three groups: Cardinal
bishops, six; cardinal-priests, so:
and cardinal-deacons, IA. The divi-
sions are traditional, and linked with
Evening star., 1953-01-11
ZAP Photo.

we are nOG aware OF SUcQ an III.
stance in the long history of the
Jewish people. Similarly, we are
not aware of any precedent where
person has been condemned to
death in a democratic country for
offenses alleged in this case in time
of peace"
Kin-or Just Friends?
First reports from Jerusalem said
the petition had been circulated
among the religious leaders by
Israeli relatives of the condemned
couple. Later indications were that
Communists had approached
group Of politically naive rabbinical
students and teachers and had OBJ
tanned their signatures on "humani-
tartan" grounds.
On the same day. in Paris, the
Communist newspaper L'Human-
ite published an appeal to world
intellectual" to intercede in the
Rosenbergs' behalf. The appeal was
signed by Pablo Picasso. the left
wing artist whose recent pictorial
efforts have featured a Russian
sponsored dove Of peace.
The big build-up continued. BY
Christmas time it was at fever heat,
with the Communists cynically using
the time of year as an excuse to
make propaganda. Almost at the
same time, particularly nasty
weapon was brought into battle.
In Israel word started to get
around that the Rosenberg affair
was a matter of anti-Semitism. In
France, propagandists started liken-
ing the Rosenbergs to Capt. Alfred
Dreyfus, French army officer who
was railroaded to Devils Island in
1894 in q sensational frame-up with
real anti-Semitic overtones.
Dirty Choree
The issue of anti-Semitism being
raised at this time was an example
of the Red trick of accusing the
other fellow of the Communists own
sins. Czechosloyakia was still reeling
from mass trial in which Judaism
was openly labeled an enemy of the
state.
Last week, Judge kaufman agreed
tc stay the Rosenberg's execu-
tion-set for next Wednesday,
to afford time for an executive de-
cision on clemcncy. Courses open
to the President at this time seem
to be:
/. To announce his intention not
to commute sentence, thus leaving
the way open for the executions to
take place.
2. To commute the sentence to life
imprisonment or any lesser penalty.
Reprieve Possibility
3. To reprieve the Rosenbergs un-
til after January 20. thus throwing
the matter into the lap of President
Eisenhower as one of the first official
decisions he would have to make
4. To do nothing one way or an.
other about the Rosenbergs between
now and the time he leaves Office
at noon week from Tuesday.
Whatever happens to julius and
Ethel Rosenberg, however, one thing
seems clear. Their value to the Com
munist cause now is nil, except as
martyrs. 1t appears likely that if
the Rosenbergs do not eventually go
to the chair. there will be a lot Of
long faces in the Kremlin. Com
munism has lot of money and ef-
fort invested in the martyrdom of
Americas first condemned atom
Sriac
Evening star., 1953-01-11

ander III decreed they were to have
exclusive control of this most i'm
portant event.
Responsibility Increases
AS the church waxed stronger
in power and influence, the duties
and responsibilities of the cardinals
increased. AS papal legates to the
various empires and kingdoms Of
Europe in affairs of state, they be-
came the personal ambassadors of
the western worlds most potent
monarch. In. time the cardinals
connections with their Rome par
ishes came to be merely nominal.
but the "titular'' designation re-
mains to this day. Thus, in this
weeks great consistory, Archbishop
James F. A. Mcintyre of Los An
geles will be given Romes fourth
Evening star., 1953-01-11

This week. in an ancient and color
full ceremony, "a Catholic prelates
will be elevated by Pope Plus XII to
the cardinlate. the second-ranking
eminence in the Roman Catholic
Church. Only the Pope himself
stands higher in the Roman hier-
archy than the 70 members of the
college Of cardinals.
The clergymen so honored, princes
of the church." hold important posts
at the Vatican or administer arch
dioceses and dioceSes throughout the
world. But no position in the church,
as such, automatically brings the
red hat for the incumbent.
Evening star., 1953-01-11

Who recruited the This
the Communist Daily Worker of January give hint
The Nome nugget. [volume] (Nome, Alaska) 1938-????, 1953-07-27
BIG LITTLE STATE

HARTFORD, Conn, R-Con-
necticut, the nations. third small
est state in area, is represented
by "A percent Of all the types of
industry listed by the us. Census
Bureau.
Almost exactly 5000 square
miles in area, the state is known
as a densely populated, highly in
dustrialized state. Nevertheless,
more than two thirds of it is COW
cred by woodland.
The Nome nugget. [volume] (Nome, Alaska) 1938-????, 1953-07-27
''Self Dumping Lake
Raises Knik River Level,
Threatening Bridges

ANCHORAGE, Up - Swirling
waters Of the Knik River, raised
by torrents from "self dumping"
Lake George, washed out so feet
of Alaska Railroad tracks near
Palmer Friday and threatened sew
eral railroad and highway bridges.
A foot and a half of water COW
cred the Glenn Highway at Mile
81. Railroad crews placed jacks
under steel span at Mile lat and
raised it 10 inches to escape the
full force of the ice and debris.
Lake George, so miles from An
chorage in the Chugash Noun
tains started spilling its annual
summer overflow July Is. Chunks
of ice the size Of buildings, up
rooted trees and other debris were
hurled down the mountainside and
eventually reached the Knik.
Business establishments and
home on low ground near the
river at Palmer were damaged.
One homeowner reported water
reached his kitchen windows.
The Nome nugget. [volume] (Nome, Alaska) 1938-????, 1953-07-27
Lake George Waters
Recede From Road and RR

ANCHORAGE, R-Alaska Rail
road and highway traffic north
along the Knik River returned to
normal early Saturday as flood
waters from "se1f-dumping" Lake
George receded.
Railroad crews finished replac-
ing so feet of Washed-out track.
Pilots flying over Lake George
reported the level of the lake high
in the Chugach mountains had
dropped back below the rim of
the ice dam. There appeared little
prospect of the lakes overflow
ing again until breakup time next
summer when the winter and
springs accumulation Of snow and
ice melt again.
Evening star., 1953-10-28

The Star classified ad headed
Government 'Riffed' Attorney
was sure to attract attention in
a city where Government en-
ployes know what this "rifing"
is all about.
It comes, of course, from the
initial letters of reduction-in-
force; when you're "riffed." +"
you're fired.
But Mrs. Austin H. Forkner.
who was advertising the 34-foot
cruiser aloha" for sale, had no
idea the response to her ad
would be so overwhelming.
Her husband had just been let
out as an attorney in the Fed
eral Trade Commission. No job,
no cruiser. Mrs. Forkner ad-
vertised the Cruiser with a proud
bow and pretty wake" would go
to the high bidder by Monday
noon.
The ad ran for the first time
on Saturday. BY nightfall, the
Aloha was crawling with poten-
tial customers, but no one was
making an active bid. They
were waiting for a bargain.
Mr.. Forkner didn't read the
Evening star., 1953-10-28
''RiHedT Attorney riffs Boat
With Happy Results From Ad

ad until Sunday, saw the Mon
day noon deadline proposition
and muttered: "That means
we've got to let it go by then
maybe for $780,"
More people came aboard Sun
day and Monday, and about SO
people called by telephone to
see how the bidding was going.
At 1915 pm Monday, things
looked bleak until Harold Satter-
field, 1701 Sixteenth street NV,
showed up, and began bidding
with one other active customer
Mr.. Satterfield bought "for a
very fair price" said Mrs
Forkner.
The Aloha had been the Fork
ners' pride and JOY for five years,
It took second place in 1850 and
again in 1851 in the presidential
regatta parade of yachts. She
made headlines again last Oc-
tober, when drowning man
was pulled aboard.
I'VE never knew so many peo-
pie were interested in boats
especially with all this riff1ng
going on" said Mrs. Forkner.
Evening star., 1953-10-28
Cars Use More Rubber

AKRON.-The number of rub
ber parts used on, the average
automobile has risen from $50 to
about $40 since 1920. The weight
of all rubber parts has risen
during the same period from SO
pounds to 100 pounds. excluding
1873 pounds of tires and tubes.
Evening star., 1953-10-28
Jewish Anniversary

NEW YORK (R.-The 3OOth
anniversary of settlement by
Jews in the United States is 1854.
The first Jewish settler landed in
1854; today five million Jews in
the United States constitute the
greatest Jewish community in
history.
Evening star., 1953-10-28
Literucy Rises in Turkey

ISTANBUL. - Turkeys liter
acy rate has risen from 81 per
cent in 1927 to about IS per cent
today. In November, 1928, a
phonetic Latin alphabet was de-
vised in Turkey to replace the
Arabic script that made writing
and reading difficult.
Evening star., 1953-10-28
Ocem-C lean ing III a 8
Chamged for the better. Now you

can have clean clean ovens with
out hard work. Just get Easy-Of
Evening star., 1953-10-28
PrUne Salad

Place leoves Of lettuce on individvol solad
plates. Spoon on generous hslpinss ef
BLOSSOM TINE cottase Cheese, creamsd
Style Qorss evrd). Top with 4 10 8 pittsd
cooked prUnss. stuffed with wolnvf hokss.
H desired. Serve with moYonnoiss thInnsd
with prvns syrup. or French Dressing.
Evening star., 1953-10-28

the same time-give 'em all the
delicious Carnation "Malts" they
can drink. A wonderful energy
food, with its added rich milk
food values and extras of impor-
tant vitamins and minerals! And
thrifty. A l lb. jar of Carnation
Matted Milk gives you 20 servings,
so each Carnation Malt" costs
only about 2e.
Evening star., 1953-10-28
Farmer Fritters

. I cup BLOSSOM TIME costoss Cheese,
Former Style (Sm0ll suFd)
81 egg OX cup milk
o2 tbspS. melted butter ON Tsp. salt
OE tsp. sroted lemon peel ok cup Hour
Place first six ingredients ia bowl, and
beat well with rotary beotsr. Stir in flour,
drop by tablespoons on ereosed griddIs.
Serve with butter and hot syrup. SsrvesA.
Evening star., 1953-10-28
Eosier To Digest Than Milk ItseIi


first dessert you can Civ
because it's made with
"JU NIX EFT" Brand
Rennet Powder and
milk. You knoW the
milk is pure and fresh
because you put it in
yourSelJ. No wonder 9
out of 10 Baby Spe-
cialists recommend
rennet-cuStard as a
Evening star., 1953-10-28

OPCIJ 1C q IA Z ,
t h e "miracl e
jelly" that wash
eS hard-crusted,
baked-on grease
from oven racks,
sidew allS and
burners like
Evening star., 1953-10-28

a r e a I t e r -
school treats S
that just never
] o S e t h e l r
c h a r m o r
youngsters. So
to nouriS h
and please at
Evening star., 1953-10-28

mp \ For EaSy Victory the pain of headache or
q neurs neuralgia thank AnacnB tablets Easy
k<\Vo lasting relief from pain the
- S\@kD physicians and dentists recommend You
. AN ~ is like doctors prescription; that is, Anacin
S contains just but combination OF medically
EGSrWE received Anacln
- />~ tablets your physician dentist already
quick probably make like to
Office shopping traveuSe
Iove speedy pGtn-reheJ.
Anoinc comes in nsvcheon
Evening star., 1953-10-28

dessert for babies. It contains all
the important nutritional benefits
that "JUNKET" Rennet Powder
and pure. fresh milk can give.
Treat your baby to the delicious
variety of rennet-custards . get
"JUNKET' Rennet Powder in it's
6 naturally good f1avors: Vanilla,
Chocolate, Lemon, Orange, Rasp-
berry and Maple. So easy for baby
to love 'em And, to tell the truth,
the whole family, as well.
Evening star., 1953-10-28

magic. Spread on Easy-Off let
set :. wipe clean. With no scrub
bing, no razor blades, no steel
wool, no ammonia oUeq,S spar
kle. Easy-Of is clean-smelling,
too, and non-f1ammable. So pleas
ant, so safe. Easy-Of carries the
Good Housekeeping Seal comes
in 2 sizes. 8-oz. jar 69e; 1907.
economy jar 98e. Get yours today.
With l6-oz. iuI you get an AppIieGtoE
Brush FREE OF EXTRA COST.
Evening star., 1953-10-28
ACT now BEAT the FALL RUSH AND SAW
ON NEWLY ARRIVED DECORATOR FABRICS

Customs 2O-point service
transforms your old living room
suite into q masterpiece creo-
ton. Your old furniture is
stripped down to the bare frame
and remonufoctured by hand.
Only the finest brond-ne eW
materials are then added.
Evening star., 1953-10-28
Thut School ReU also rings for

That School Bell also rings Tor
you +. . if you're a Mother You're
got homework! So 1 advise all
mothers to put Carnation Matted
Milk on their grocery shopping
list right now. In Chocolate and
Natural flavor. Carnation "Malts"
Evening star., 1953-04-03

Luke's Episcopal Church sing
ing Du Bois' "The Seven Last
Words"
Television Today.
1900, WNBW-Meet the Weep:
Alben w. Barkley Is seen at q
new time.
1900, WMAL Jim Gibbons
Show: The choir Of the New
York Avenue Presbyteria n
Evening star., 1953-04-03

Evening news broadcast
direct from The Stars news
room Monday through Fri.
day over Stations WMAL
and WMAL-FM, 6 Pm.