davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-02-24
Can Eisenhower Win the Nomination Without Coming Home?

expected that the Eisenhower dele.
gates will he elected, with few ex.
ceptions, II any.
The second primary, on March 10
In Minnesota. finds slate Of Eisen.
hover delegate candidates opposed
70 Q slate for Harold y. stassen.
Eisenhower enthusiasts have insisted
upon going ahead with this contest,
although Senator Lodge attempted
TO discourage the, plan since Mime.
sofa is StasSen's old home state.
Senator Taft ID not entered In this
primary, but any delegates for Eisen.
hover winning In Minnesota will be
0 distinct feather In the Eisenhower
cap.
There viii be tests Of Eisenhower's
popular strength, too. In the presi.
Dental preferential primaries In New
Jersey and Pennsylvania and In
Oregon where slate OF Eisenhower.
pledged delegates will be entered.
okloheme: Good Omen
Senator Lodge contends that the
Eisenhower forces struck On early
and important blow when they were
able TO break even In the selection
OF national convention delegates In
Oklahoma, territory that had been
claimed exclusively for Senator Taft
He ID confident O growing sentiment
for Gen. Eisenhower will bring favor.
able results In many other States
which have been claimed for the
opposition.
Gen. Elsenhower's strength with
the so.called independent voter has
been indicated In poll after poll, he
u also favored by many Democrats,
These factors are likely TO be enc
tfeitiely important when the Eepubli.
can National Convention Rets down
10 the question of nominating A
presidential candidate. A paramount
desire exlsts--to pick 4 candidate who
pAti win. Geh. Eisenhower has been
labeled such h candidate for many,
many months,
III the national convention tBiSenu
h6Wef's HfAvest dancer Will come
rem the combined Stpp0ft accorded
Arthur Indeed 3D. the MaeAfthar TBse. psS.
pie ore h9plhG that Faft aFd HiseRu
newer Will Mil each ether of and that
the e9hyehlt0n Will then turn 70 Gen
Macarthur
On We ether hand II haS been
eieaFig. denA9nStrated thAt G0Vl WaFs
len Of California and HaFeld H.
slassen w9uld SWlng thelP aNpB0pt 10
eisenhower Fathep Chan 10 Faft 9p 10
MACARTHUR they found themselves
9ut OF the pletuPel Both geNla come
lnb9 4 p9sltl9n where they could e0nr
EIlbHte lmp0Itant DELEGATE StFength
70 Gen. Eisenhower,
Evening star., 1952-02-24
BY Gould Lincoln

Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower can
and will be nominated for President
by the Republican National Conven.
tion In Chicago next July whether
or not he returns 10 this country
In advance Of the convention, In
the opinion Of Senator Henry Cabot
Lodge, jr., the Eisenhower national
campaign manager.
I'm sure Of IT," the Massachu.
sets Senator says emphatically.
Mr.. Lodge does not attempt 10
answer the question Of Gen. Eisen.
howers return to this country-which
seems 10 lie In the lap Of circuln.
stance. What no does answer, how.
ever, is the suggestion which has
emanated from O number Of sources,
most Of them the Eisenhower opposi.
tion, Democratic 90 well 90 Repubs
lican. that the general cannot win
the nomination unless he comes home
and fights for II.
A few classic examples OF men who
were given presidential nominations
without their previously campaigning
for II are found In American history.
The first was George WaShington-
the frSt President. In that day 10
was an election-not O nomination by
any political party. In more recent
years, the late Charles Evans Hughes,
On associate justice Of the Supreme
Court, was handed the Republican
nomination by the Republican Ne.
tional Convention Of 1915. James A.
Garfield was nominated by the ne.
publican National Convention OF 1880,
although he had made no campaign
for II and, a. q delegate, had made
q memorable speech nominating John
Sherman and opposing d third term
for Gen. Grant, SIXTY years later q
third-tertn nomination was handed
to the late President FRANKLIN %,
Roosevelt by the Democratic National
Convention, smashing all precedent.
Hughes csss
f'he Hughes nomination approaches
more closely the Eisenhower sltuas
ti6hl Mr. HuEhes, Wh0 later wac %
bee6Efle secretary o. state ana ehlef
JtlstleeI was In 1915 a member OF the
Supreme eeuPt. Al such he was
a. effeetually debarFed fF0Fl EnaklRR
a campaign for q presidential n0llls
lRail0Ii "a IA Gen Eisenhower today,
Indeed Mr. HHaheS did not even
make q public statement 10 the effect
he was available ana W9uld aeeept
n0mlnatl0R=whleh Gen. Eisenhower
haA d9neI .
One Of the main aFsumenh used
bE opponents Of on Eisenhower n0ms
lnAtlGn IA thai no one knows tha
genHrAl'A pesltlen ON tha Issues NJ The
dAy-Rnd that unless no giVes w hib
Evening star., 1952-02-24

stFeng. g.wilied ex-PFesideht will not
accept such q deal, but will remain
0 martyr and give his support 10
CHAR, This, II ID felt, might be On
empty gesture, Many observers pre-
diet that even II CHAR ID elected,
ReHaen and his national police would
not lot him take once,
The students, who are making the
headlines, may we'll he the deter
mining factors In the whole political
situation. They and their parents
have not only proved their nuisance
value, but also have successfully de-
ned the police. At least, the police
did not take any oppressive or punt
tive measures against the strikers.
The reason the Arosemena admin
iAtration and the police have pussy
footed In this regard Ia that the
death or serious injury OF q single
student might Get OF o Tation. wide
connagration which would sweep
both the government and Remon into
political oblivion.
Rcd influence
one OF the most important diplos
mats In Panama says the students
are mere tools Of conflicting and sim
lister forces bent not only on prevent
Ing Hem0n's election, but also on pro.
vokifa civil strife. The real masters
Of the student groups, he SAYS, are
prosC Communist elements who know
that political chaos In the republic
would seriously handicap fuhetl0hiha
OF the Panama Canal
Other new developments AID 10
the anxiety Runners Of 4 general
strike ore circulating Known 60fila
fi1uBists are now seeking 10 0FeAfllBe
workers In large business establish
FleFts such IA the United Fruit Co.'S
plantations In the Interior OF
the country
Many PanamanlaRs believe that
With Guatemala thoroughly eFganu
lEed ana brought under the influence
Of the Reds, Panama IA next on the
Communist ilst, According 10 these
sources, Moscow feels that tho press
ent confused political situation IN
the country makes u ripe tor en-
pleltatlen,
Up until very recently there was
no GleaF.eut local Issue OF Importance
In the campaign, But In the last
two weeks oil parties, as we'll ~ the
press and radio, have launched violent
campaigns against the American
operated Canal Zone, An old issue
!G being revived, charging CONNER
; cial competition by the Canal Zone
against Panamanian business and.
industry. According 10 these charges
the United States Ia violating 0 1888
treaty by manufacturing milk bottles
and other commodities In the Canal
, Zone for the distribution OF food
products 10 United States Government
employees. Newspaper editorials as
sert that such competition 10 do.
eigned 70 throttle panaFnanian econ.
olny and drive the country toward
communism.
Evening star., 1952-02-24

Marvin, president Of George WASH
ingtoR University, deelaFedi
" don't think the peeple Of this
country, or the board OF trustees OF
universities, realize how they have
lost eontrel OF their own institutions
DR., Marvin 10 secretary OF o newly
formed National Commission on Ac-
crediting. Its members are more
than 1900 Of the country's insti"
tutions Of higher learning. It's object
is to see u some order can be
created from what educators feel Ia
getting to be o chaotic situation.
There ere some 20 accrediting
agencies In existence. An institu-
ton such % George Washington
University fnds itself checked and
inspected and accredited by some 30
Of these accrediting organizations.
Agencies not only accredit colleges
and universities, but schools within
the institutions, departments within
the schools and, more recently. In
dividuals.
Wants License System
Or. Marvin feels strongly on the
subject. He said that the aecrediting
agencies are interfering with the
administration OF the schools and
threatening academic freed efn.
"eeme aeerediting agencies protect
seeiety by holding high standards"
he declared, "but the same result
could be obtained by development OF
good iieensure examinations, Seeiety
has been seheeled 10 use the OK.
Evening star., 1952-02-24

"tough" policy toward China, Mr..
Pearson fought openly, and with
less inhibition than the British dele.
gates, for q moderate policy. He was
aware that the Americans were espe.
cially angry with him because no was
10 close 10 them and 10 trusted, but
no drew 10 the very limit on the
credit no had built UP In Washing.
ton; as one senior state Department
0filcial said, II would never have
taken 10 much Arm-twistlng from
any one but Mike"
When the commonwealth Prime
Ministers Conference met In Lon.
don during January, 1851, Mr.. Pear.
son, who represented Canada, was
hailed as something OF q hero for
his opposition 10 America al u. N.
He At once drew on that credit Aes
count by using all his influence TO
bulge the commonwealth a little
nearer 10 the American position,
That the commonwealth eofifers
ehees resolution Oh Korea Was also
accepted by America. and The u, NJ
WAS largely the result OF Mr. Pear
sons i1iaheuveFlflal The cracks had
at least been papered ever
TsmpsFIng Eifset
This Wh0le episode had a daeB
erect ON Mr. PeaPsens thinklna and
0uti0ekr 10 has InatuPed him and,
except for a puekIRh : wit, thepe a
nethlna OF the seheelbey to-day In the
chairman OF the NeFth Atlantic
eeunelir pvt hls marrow and only
partial Victory has Impressed most
deeply on him the necessity Of maxi
inc NAFo members ''eesepeTating
partners, not camp followers" OF the
United States
In tho past year he has paid more
attention than any other f0Teign
minister 70 the problem OF making
NATo a working concern, In which
diAagFeAmentA ere iFoned out In pFi.
yate, rather than fought out IN pub
Ito, He has also tried 10 stress the
Importance OF the branches OF NAT0
that deal with economic, cultural
and political corporation 10 a. 10
avoid hasing the community solely
on the fragile foundations OF military
alliance, For oil these reasons, Les
ter Pearson may we'll be chosen 10
the nrst secretary general OF NATO,
thus giving Canada her flghtful
leadegship In that Atlantis ccm.
munity which 10 her natural habitat.
totssvm VsFsim Msvs sssvissJ
Evening star., 1952-02-24
Conodos Boy Wonder Is Running the NATO Show Lisbon

aignment lay, nrst In lo42 ~ Minister
and In ieAO M Ambassador to
Washington,
" was during these war years that
Canada became the essential Anglo.
American link, and the Canadian
representative In Washington became
not Just an Appendage OF the British
Embassy, but the interpreter OF the
one to the other.
Joins c0binst
In August, io4e. At the insiStence
OF MFR. %. Laurent and the retiring
Mackenzie King, Mr.. Pearson Joined
the cabinet % Minister for External
Affairs and entered politics As O
Liberal
In politics he had 10 mature,
10 acquire gravity and frfnness 40
we'll % tact and charm Above oil,
he had 10 learn 10 say mo" Ills
opportunity 10 learn came uheS.
peetedly soon, A year after the sls.
Evening star., 1952-02-24

George washington UnIVevslty does
not admit eolored students The aues-
tlon Or, Marvin raised Is whetheg the
unlversltyk segregation policy has
any bearing on the law schools Rhil-
lty TO train lawyers, rl'.
Plan feV Open Wurtev
The National Commission on Ac-
crediting Ia developing plan to make
Regional Accrediting Assoeiat tlans 70.
sponsible basically for maintaining
standards. Thesa regional associa.
tions, six Of them, are sponsored by
the colleges and universities them
selves. Under the commissions plan,
the present specialized accrediting
agencies would serve In an advisory
capacity to these regional association
and would either reduce or eliminate
their direct accrediting OF the inSti-
tutions.
It's war. But that is the purpose
OF the National Commission on Ac.
oreditins. The preamble 10 the or.
gAfiisation's constitution states.
''f'he overall strength OF the entire
system Of higher education derives In
large part from the unique and diver.
slfied contributions Of individual col.
leges and universities. This strength
can be maintained and extended only
II the institutions are free 10 expert.
fneRt In the ways and means OF edu.
cation and 10 determine their own
ebjeetives. They must DO free 10 exeF-
else both responsibility and authority
In administering their programs"
Evening star., 1952-02-24
Income Toxes-
They Live Up to All
Of loT3's Fears
ThE SUNDAY STAR [
Washington, D, O,
SUNDAY, FEBRUARY aa, 1883
By Howard |. Dutkin

Thirty-nine years ago tomorrow
occurred en- event for which Amer.
ican taxpayers have been paying
ever since, On that memorable day
February %. i0i3--the 10th amend.
ment TO the Constitution was
ratified. enabling Congress ITO lay
and collect taxes on incomes from
whatever source derived, without
apportionment among the several
states. !" The income tax law went
into effect eight months later.
Reaction In many quarters was
bitter. Charges OF socialism were
fung with abandon. The New York
Sun declared this ID not taxation OF
revenue but taxation OF the few for
the benefit Of the many" But the
country was growing and 30 were itA
expenses. A military preparedness
drive was on, bolstered, much 90 10
u today, BY O darkenlng war cloud
In Europe.
The ratification. some four years
after II was proposed, did not come
easily. Four states--New Hampshire,
Rhode Island, Vermont and Utah
refused TO- rAtify, and the New York
Legislature was soleMniy warned by
Joseph choate.
"The temptation and local clamor
for lavish national expenditures and
costly improvements will become Ire
fesistlble, 90 Would not O,lr fathers
have been AtriAsed at d bllllohsdOllAE
Congress !"
One wonders what Mr. ChOate'D
feaeti0h--vl0ieht IA II was concern
ltiE 4 Congress Whlsh had spent one
Billion In 4 yeaf--W0uld be ID the
news 6i Mf Tfuiiafi's recent budaet
request 6f some SBb bliil6hsI
Heat Wave Blamed
Another 6utspekeh eFitie=stuys
veSant Fish, banker and railroad
ekeeAtlVezWas inclined 10 blame the
Nh6ie thlhel 10 4 large extent on
Washlhst6n's hot summers hashlRg
az tile congressional resolution Oh
Juiv ie68l which paved the way for
the amendment MI FlSh deelAFedI
"F0 any one who hAs ever been In
'WashlnRl9n teNRrd thg, END OF q
l0ns sesAl0n falling IA That does In
hot weather, GF 10 any one who bRi
read the record IN thlS paptleHlAp
easpI " IA ebVleAs that thlS ppgR0ARl
te amend the Constitution was
RdepBed without much thgpRht - Y,
Actually the 1913 tRK was small
potatoes compared 70 the blte pvt
On pay envelopes Today II called faF
4 ! per cent tAK ON annual net In
come after exemptions and dedHp-
tlans, Since 4 personal exemption Of
$4,000 was allowed, with another
$1,000 exemption II tho payer were
married, the percentage 'of those Aes
Evening star., 1952-02-24
by Colt HsNdIey, w.

Columbia University had q good
dental school, Everybody AckneWl-
edged that, But the American
Dental Association abruptly can
celed Its "acereditation" In le46 and
graduates from the school found
they couldn't practice In Q number OF
States or the District, .s =
What brought on this hlacklisting
of Columbia University was o simple
thing. The university had named
DR.. Maurice J. Hickey, head Of dem
tai training, as associate dean OF
the faculty Of medicine" The dean
was q medical doctor. The American
Dental Association held that O man
In charge Of o university's school Of
dentistry should be o full dean and
that he should not DO under the
direction Of o medical doctor. .
II was not Until last year that
the American Dental Association re.
Tented. This was possible because
Columbia University ID O large, we'll
established school. In addition, New
York State refused 10 blacklist
dentists trained at Columbia and
licensed them over the objection OF
the dental association. Now the 90.
iumbia Dental School 10 accredited
again.
New ThFsat 10 Freedom
This IA on example OF what leading
edueatefs today sAy ID O new threat
10 the freedom OF education In the
United States, Or. cleyd Heck
Evening star., 1952-02-24

pFessLan 'RpGVedited,' TO tho avepAgs
peTson " has come TO mean q mark
OF superiority, o sort OF sterling trade
mark,
"Too often our educational leaders
have used the term o. proof to their
clientele that the work they spon-
sored was acceptable or better, Often,
we have put forward the white list
with our names on II In the same
spirit q freshman shows his newly
acquired fraternity pin. Many times
such listing has meant not only social
acceptance. but appropriations, Gov
ernment contracts and gifts. am
not depreciating such On attitude or
resulting returns, 30 long as the
peoples attitude ID what II 10, but
II ID Q part Of Our mission to de.
emphasize the Importance Of the
white list In the minds OF our
people and emphasize how schools
meet community needs, the excel
lence OF Our facilities and the high
qualities OF educational disciplines.
"Accrediting may be q mark Of
i1ediocrity, and the public should
DO made aware OF this possibility.
Accrediting standards are In TOO
many instances levelins standards"
Or. Marvin and the National Com.
mission on Aeefediting have drawn
q long bill OF charges against the
aeefediting agencies. Here are some
OF thenai
!. There are too many aeeFeditihg
agencies and the number ID growing,
Were oil these agencies acceptable,
there 10 altogether too much dupliea.
Evening star., 1952-02-24

tually hit by the tax was small. The
New York Sun at that time figured
only about $4,000 OF q total pepu.
latien OF about % million would pay
anything.
$50 Tex on $4,000
A married man earning $4,000
yearly would, after the exemption
for himself and his wife plus average
deductions, pay q total income tax Of
500, Last year the same man, 30
years older and underRtandahly
grayeF, paid el,ea6 tax II no made
the same income. And 10, In line with
Mr.. choate's forecast, the tax rate
tor q married man has Jumped from
the per cent after generous exemp.
tionS to the current 22,2 per cent on
the tirst $4,000 after comparatively
minor exemptions, This bite increases
TO 24.0 per cent on the next $4,000
and no on upward.
The Government took from Indi.
yldual payers q total OF 92D2 million
during the first year Of the 1918 tan.
by fiFcal 1851 this had grown 10 1883
billion. One factor In Tho Increased
revenue, OF course, has been Increased
WAGES paid, Bureau OF Labor Btatiss
tics flgures for production workers In
manufacturing industries In 1914
show an average weekly wage Of
I'll ,01, To-day the average wage for
such employees ID about 900. T'hen,
TOO, there II u much larger pool OF
wage earhefs 10 draw from m A
country which today has a population
6f more than 100 million,
The 1918 law was the third Aueh
passed by Congress- The 1rst 6I1e
was put Into eife6t "A A 6lVll War
measure In 1851 and repealed In 1874,
~ provided a 4 per cent taE on All
Income fFefii $500 10 $4,000 with ups
ward eFadatlensr
Amendment Necessary
The second Income tan law was
passed Dy eenaFess In 1884, Et eAllAd
TOT q y per cent tAK on oil private
heb lhegmes IN excess Of $4,000,
Although the Constitution had given
congress power 10 levy taxes, this
measure was thFewH out BY the
supreme Court In 1895 ON the grounds
that the income tan was q direct tan
and ~ RHeh legally must be appoFs
toned among tho several states,
ThuA " became necessary 10 amend
the Constitution 30 that the tax could
20 levied and collected without the
appoFtionment pFoViso,
One OF the guiding lights Of the
income tax law was former STATE
Secretary cordell Hull, then q prom.
lsing young member OF the House
from Tennessee.
Mr.. Hull introduced the measure.
~ part OF the Underwood tariff Bill,
% . device Tor making good the 800
million revenue loss expected 10 result
from the lowered tariffs. He drew
from the New York sun this rebuke,
"Thus perishes the income tax as O
resource 70 be kept for great national
emergencies. -. :"
Evening star., 1952-02-24
Pununnu- u,
Our Vital Canal
Has Trouble, Too
BY EdwoEd Tomlinson

PANAMA CTTY.-Panama, lying
athwart the vital Canal Zone, is In
IN alarming state Of unrest and con.
fusion. The situation. which threat
ems to erupt into Communicated
political upheaval, has placed the
Canal Zone on the alert.
In the light Of recent occurrences
In and around the Suez Canal, devel-
oprnents affecting Suez New World
counterpart have particularly
oriinous look.
University and high school STU
dents have been striking, and there
has been continual public disorder
For days at time students have
harasSed and stoned the police,
sometimes Wrecking automobiles and
trucks, and at night barricading
themselves In school buildings. Az O
result. business activity In Panama
has been virtually paralysed.
The reason behind the student Ac-
tivity 10 o major mystery. But that
the riots have something 10 do with
Panama's red-hot presidential cam
paien 10 unqueStioned.
StranSs BedfsIIowS
Fantastic political alliances have
been forced In the campaign. One
OF the principal contenders for the
presidency ID Col. Jose Antonio
Remon, former chief and still boss
OF the Uountry's we'll sdisclplined
a,b00.fiiati national police force, sole
military establishment Of the fepub-
lie. Opposing him Ia handsome,
suAve Roberto r.. Chiarl, prominent
conservative businessman, .
Behind HetfiUti are the tightly Init
q p0iiOe organisation and half 4 dozen
political parties Of varying faiths,
ChiAfl II backed BY d rev b0stAiied
"6lvle alliance" and splinter at0ups
ranging from outright feaetl0hafleS
% extreme radicals,
Standing apart, 10 far, ore the Ar
huifistAs ana the small Communist
Party, which ID apparently q mere
dee9y, since the real WORN OF the
HedA ID carried Oh through ether
fF9hts, feii6W travellers and lFdlVldz
val st00gesi fhe AFnulhstaS are the
followers OF former President APa
Rulle AFlAsl He directs hls party
lF9EA q jall eel he has eeeHBled since
q bl9edg PeVelt laSt May aVeFthFeW
hlk gavephHent and Installed hiE Vice
president Alelblades AFesemena, "a
hle successor,
RemeH, q nklnamekeF" who has
eet Hp MFee presidents and kneeked
SWs ~ sysa ~ ehssss av S"'ssEs4 vsGesv, " ues nSs
elVA Wsy bFeakG eVt before the MAY
II eleetIeHG, RHt II Is halleVed that
lAAt,mInute aetlan Of AFnulfa's party
may ha decisive, Reman and chiaVI
ere tpekeylng tor the former FVesi-
dents support, with Remnn being In
o position 10 grant AFnUlfa his fTee-
dom tor the 10000 votes he controls
from prison,
This opposition insists that tho
Evening star., 1952-02-24

hover campaign managers ARE about
10 begin the circulation Of q new
book, hWhAt Eisenhower Thinks" BY
Allen TAyi0t, u Will DO placed In the
hands 6i Eisenhower for president
workers throughout the g6uhtfy. on
our boon page today, Garter Bf00ke
j0heS complains that for hls TASTE
thlB BOON leaves 100 many questions
unanswered Nevertheless, lts G0hs
tefltS include the st0Fv OF Gen. HllSenu
newer, and hlS career In the Army
His. views on many Issues ore e0Va
cred In GhaDteFA dealing With the
American Way Oh life, guarding ths
American Ideal, America and The
w0Fldy social team W0FkI people and
e0veFnmehtI American economies
gp8YPs and trends war and peace
tleR aS ths, WeapeR Of aemeefaeS' (he
eltlseHS ElahtS and dulles Amers
leal lOpelgR pelieEy eemmgRlsaa the
e'S IsfeISSn y pellsv" "WSstseHFRe sFsps fsgs'It tRe
hP6t line Of democracy, the United
Evening star., 1952-02-24

when he was young because no locked
like O cartoon Irishman) would prob
ably have gone into politics. But ca.
madam politics for beginners were
dull and provincial, 40 no gladly 90.
Cepted gkelton's offer.
For the next 10 years Mr.. Pearson
learned the arts OF diplomacy and
studied the science Of world politics.
He was lucky In his points Of van.
tage, first At the League Of Nations
In Geneva. then for six long and
eVentful years, from i0Sb-i04i, In
London, where he passionately dis.
agreed with ofiiciai opinion that Hit
Ter did not want war. When no
returned 10 Ottawa shortly be-
fore Pearl iiarb0r, he had seen
At close quarters Appeasenient
and defiance. lie knew that
the world, like Canada, owed its
freedom 10 Britain, but must look for
its future safety 20 the tinted states.
70 was In America that his fieNt as