davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
BoIivio's New Regime

Bolivia'S latest Sanguinary uprising has
brought back into power a man whose past
record raises some miSgivings about his future
role in relation to the inter American community
in general and the United States in particular.
The man is Victor Paz EstenSsoro, leader of
the National Revolutionary Party Generally
regarded as pro-Nazi during the Second World
War, he has political background whose most
disturbing feature is the large part he played in
bringing Bolivia under the dictatorship of
Gualberto Villaroel in December, 1943. That
dictatorShip-which has been described as one
OF the worst in the countryS hiStOry-came to
sudden end with Villaroes assassination in the
bloody rebellion of July, 1885, at which time Paz
Estenssoro went into exile in Argentina, where
he is said to have acquired a strong admiration
for General Peron. .
But despite his past association with Villa
roel and despite having been in exile until now,
Paz Estenssoro garnered upward of 40 per cent of
the popular vote in Bolivias presidential election
last May. Although the vote itself was numeri-
cally very small (most of the country's 3500,OO0
people are barred from the polls because Of
1literacy), he won more support than any other
candidate, chiefly from the tin miners. In the
circumstances in keeping with the Bolivian
constitution, the Congress was called upon to
choose from the three leading contenders-a
situation in which Paz EStenssoro, as the man
with the largest number OF ballots could hardly
have been rejected. However, rather than let
him get into office, President Urriolagoitia-
was then in power and whose regime was a
relatively good one-handed over the government
to military iunta headed by General Ballivian.
He did so on the ground that the action was
necessary to save the Bolvians and their
democracy" from the danger of falling again
under the yoke of Na1-fascism now in league
with communism"
Whether or not he has Nazi-fascist 1eanings,
there can be little doubt that Paz Estenssoro has
had the support of Bolivias Communists in a
kind of wedding of convenience. Yet, regardless
of that point, the chief reason why he and his
National Revolutionary Party have been able to
overthrow the Ballvian junta seems to be the
juntas failure to make any progress in dealing
with the very real grievances of illiterate and
poverty-stricken masses in country rich in
resources, especially tina failure intensified by
the economic consequences of our cwn Govern
ment'S tin-price dispute with the Bolivians.
It may be that Paz EStenssoro will be
led by his new responsibilities to cultivate
friendly relations with the United. States and the
American hemisphere as whole. But that Is
something that remains to be seen. If his party
has really been in league with the Communists.
the Bolivian story is likely to grow worse before
its grows better.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
NINETEENTH STREET.

"NlNErEENIH STREET..
Dear Sir:
"A stray cat (no longer stray, but
complete with a home, mistress and a
name) has presented me with three
kittens.
Having never been thus honored be-
fore, am seeking your advice.
How long before these small balls
of fur can be taken from their mother,
and how do I go about finding good
homes for them?
Tidy and I will appreciate your help.
These are our first kittens!
yours sincerely, v. E."
Kittens should not be taken from the
mother cat before the age of six weeks.
That is the standard time, but the
kittens and the cat have something to
say about it, sometimes.
AS for finding good homes for them,
that is another. matter. and often a
very difficult one.
One may advertise them. but should
check on the possible owners, being as
sure as one may that they are not
getting into the hands of peddlers to
hospitals.
This is new angle, and one which
often distreSSes persons having young
cats to give away.
Many persons interested in cats refuse
to give kittens to homes with small
children unless the parents have owned
cats before and viii assume responsible
ity for teaching kind handling.
4 Most children do not mean to mis-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
CTC's Attitude
r. d. G..

The letter "Motorman's View of etc"
was splendid. The Indifferent attitude
Of the transit company toward the pub
lie is very evident, except when they
want to raise fares.
In re ]. A. B. Broadwater's COM
ment in your paper the other day about
the recent fare raise not meeting the
dividend: No wonder, when in times
like these. they are continually increas-
ing the dividend rate paid to stock
holders and expect the poor working
class, who can't afford motor cars, to
pay for it. The poorer class has to ride
the cars and buses, and is stuck, and
the transit company knows it.
Mary Jonesley.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19

enthusiasm than Of experience are challenging
this modest policy. Not having identified them
selves with the sometimes dreary drudgery of
party work between elections, they do not know
much about how the Republican State Committee
works. They seem to be learning fast. They
want in. They hope to take over the works.
This promises good fight. Yet the fight is not
necessarily over what candidate the present
Republican State Committee may actually prefer
If the Republican State Committee is not pro-
Eisenhower, neither Is it anti Eisenhower or
pro-Taft 1t seeks to avoid putting all its eggs
in one basket prematurely. For tragic accidents
can happen at political convention.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
St. Lawrence Seuwuy

As former United States Minister
to Canada, have been keenly interested
to see that the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee was holding hearings on the
st. Lawrence Seaway and Power Devel-
opment, because I am aware, as any
American must be who has lived in Can
ada, that the completion of the seaway
is a matter of vital national concern to
that country.
In the United States, unfortunately,
sectional and partisan interests have
campaigned against a project which
would enhance the economic and mill
tary security of our continent. Time
after time we have seen these interests
block consideration of the project.
The Canadians are ready, willing and
able to go ahead Immediately on their
own if we are not interested in going
along with them; under our treaties
with Canada on the use of boundary
water neither country can proceed with
out approval of the other on construc-
ton in the st. Lawrence. Would it not
be simple courtesy for the Senate to take
action on the legislation now in COM
mittee, and at least give Canada an an
swer to the question of whether or not
we are interested in finishing the job on
this boundary water and important
artery of trade?
The Canadian Parliament has passed
legislation to create the st. Lawrence
Authority to complete. maintain and OPP
crate the seaway, and it has authorized
the Province of Ontario to go ahead on
the hydro-electric power development.
Unfortunately in concentrating our
attention on the many problems con-
fronting us in other parts of the world
we are apt to overlook. or to treat in
somewhat cavalier fashion, questions
vitality affecting our good neighbor and
friend to the north, and this despite the
fact that Canada is our best market, our
best supplier and our staunch military
ally in the defense of North America and
in NATO.
N0rman Armour.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
Praise for Firemen

Due to the fact that so much has been
written abusing our firemen, take this
opportunity to offer words of praise
and commentator to them. Last week.
fire struck my home. Immediately the
fire department responded and brought
the blaze under control. With care
my lower-floor furnishings were covered
and completely protected from damage.
Not thing was damaged or destroyed
by careleSsness or neglect. When all
was over. my home was cleaned of
debris from the top floor to the base
ment. My highest praise and common
dations and may more see and appreci-
ate the valiant work of our firemen who
are deserving of praise.
Victim.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
Rogs-to- Riches Story of the Democrats =

pended on this. He sought to build
friendships there-but concluded finally
that any gesture in this direction was
interpreted by Russian leaders simply as
a confession of weakness.
Disillusioned after two years, the For
reStal Diaries bring out with startling
force his accurate appraisal of the Com
munist menace. On April 20, 1945, the
late Defense Secretary quoted the Am
baSSador as expressing This strong APP
prehension as to the future of our rela-
tons with Russia unless our entire at
titude toward them became character
lied by much greater firmness."
A month later, Ambassador Hartman
warned of the danger of a Communist
sweep in China.
The administration still was trying to
play ball with Russia in those days.
President Truman, taking Office about
that time, also found in Mr.. Hartman
an effective lieutenant. He made him
Ambassador to Great Britain in the
spring of 1913, and then six months
later, when he needed a Secretary of
Commerce after firing Henry Wallace,
Mr.. Truman again tapped Mr.. Harri-
man, who at one time in the RooSe-
welt administration had been Com
merce Secretary without portfolio under
the ailing Harry Hopkins.
Later Mr.. Hartman became "roving
ambassador" under the Economic Co.
operation Administration. For months
then he was special White House adviser
on foreign policy. Eventually he ended
up in Mutual Security.
Hn hoiY i,1tn {Hoh
last October, President Truman recalled
that the commission was the eighth he
had given Mr.. Hartman, and COM
mented feelingly:
HE has always been willing to take
any job we asked-protocol or no pro-
tocol. We don't find them that way
often"
Mr. Hartman has little time for
Washington social life, but thoroughly
enjoys small, informal gatherings, where
much of his characteristic difidence dis
appears. Nor does the Capital see much
of Mrs. Hartman, whom he wed in 1880,
after divorce ended his first marriage.
Once he was one of the countrys top
ranking polo players. AS graduate
rowing coach, the young Hartman won
distinction at Yale, and he also had a
racing stable.
But Mr.. Hartman always believed
with his father that great wealth is an
obligation and responsibility, and he
has charted his course accordingly. His
principal interest always has been the
Union Pacific, which the elder Hartman
transformed from moribund streak of
rust into the backbone of mighty rail
empire.
While Mr.. Harriman's name has never
before figured seriously in talk about
presidential candidates, he often has
been mentioned as possibility for Vice
President, or for Governor or Senator.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
Man VS.. Polio

Step by step, with heartening steadiness,
science seems to be moving toward day when
1t will be able to conquer poliomyelitis just as
1t has conquered smallpox and other dread
Scourges The cauSative agents-viruses
ceased being the dark mystery they once were.
Through recent years continuous gains have
been made in treating the disease and it's after
effects. And now there is bright promise that
its deadliness may be wiped out altogether by
vaccines and other immunization techniques.
This promise although still only promise,
has been backed up by rather impressive EVIL
dence based on experiments with monkeys and
chimpanzeeS. AS presented the other day to the
current New York meeting of the American
Association of Immunologists, the evidence indi-
Gates that monkeys and chimpanzees can be
effectively protected against the onset Of polo's
paralyzing stage, and if such animals can be
protected, the chances are that human beings
can be protected, too At any rate, that is the
conclusion of the research workers who have
carried out the tests at Yale and Johns Hopkins
Universities
The findings of these workers-notably Dr.
Dorothy Horstmann of Yale and DR.. David
Bodian Of Johns Hopkns-suggest that polio
strikes in two different forms. The first FORM
which most American adults are believed to have
had at one time or another, is caused by viruSeS
that conf1ne themselves to the blood stream and
cause little more than slight discomfort. The
second form Is the grim paralyzing form in which
the viruses work their way from the blood stream
to reach and destroy the nerves, with the result
that the victim either dies or is left deformed
and crippled for life. It is against this ma
lignant expression of the disease that scientists
seem to have succeeded in immunizing monkeys
and chimpanzees
In fact, the tests on these animals have
proved to be so promising that during the coming
SUMMERTIME polio season immunizing anti
bodies will be given to limited number of
children on an experimental basis presumably
in epidemic areas. These antibodies- derived
from human blood-are completely harmless in
themselves, but they may well be powerful
enough to kill off the disease before it has a
chance to move from the blood stream to attack
the nerves. Apparently that is how they have
worked in the monkeys and chimpanzees, and
the hope is that they will work the same way
in humans.
The National Foundation for Infantile
Paralysis-which has supported the animal
tests-will play leading role in the summer
project to determine the effectiveness of human
immunization. OF course, since success is far
from guaranteed, optimism needs to be held very
much in check Yet the prospect is undeniably
promising sufficiently so to warrant the hope
that the time may be not too distant when man
will score another great victory over disease
by developing permanent preventive vaccnes
capable of obliterating the curse of polio
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
Victim.
Military Crashes

Another B-36 crashes! How many
does this make? Perhaps the B-36 is
descended from the flaming collins"
of World War I. Perhaps the Air Force
Training Command needs investiga-
ton.
So many military crashes is more
than a news item. 1t is crime!
Home Guard.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
The Magic Flute

No royal minstrel futino for his king
Could march in emulation as this bog
Who pipes along enchanted lanes OF
spring
ObljUious to all except the Joy
OF his creation. His the magic flute
OF Willow Dough, fashioned By eager
hand
And preciSioned eye. The birds are
mute
Against such melody that stills the
land.
His dreams are roSy-lite Is clean and
good:
With all the World he shares In
brotherhood.
Pearl Yeodon MeGinnis
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
OAR Too ReuctionuY'

The Daughters of the American
Revolution sound too reactionary to
do credit to our Revolutionary fore
fathers.
If the vision of our ancestors was
freedom and equality of opportunity
for all, the vision of our own time is
that of one world. Though our children
see the vision, it does not diminish their
patriotism one whit-nor ours, their
elders. The way to that world will be
as hard, as far to travel. as full of haz-
ard and of imperfection as the way
westward across our wilderness But not
to venture toward humanity's new ideal
would be the one un-American thing
we could do.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
Federal Annuitunts

AS a Federal worker retired prior to
1910, wish to thank you for your edi-
torials depicting the plight of civil serv-
ice annuitantS. Congress, as you stated,
authorized a 800 raise in pensions for
retired railroad workers. Of course, they
have a large voting bloc. AS you know.
they also enjoy special tax exemption.
1t all depends on whose dog you are. This
is our democracy, the good old U. S. A.
Where are the lawmakers of yesteryear?
After giving untold billions to the whole
world, they could have given us at least
a fair temporary increase.
A. SchWarZ,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
In Defense of Labor
Norman Armour.

Your defense of the steel industry is
quite shocking to me. You seem to be
saying that the steel workers should bow
with hat in hand and say Eyes, sir"
to anything the steel owners say. You
seem to be saying that because the steel
worker isn't trained to be company
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
Letters to The Star

official or doesn't sit around "a hours
a day clipping coupons, he should be
seen and not heard.
You seem to be saying the steel worker
is some kind of robot whose only mission
in life is to produce steel for the barons
and then 60 home to TV and say moth
ing and be very grateful for whatever
crumbs the barons care to let fall from
the table of production.
It is interesting to note that you
condemn President Truman for not
mentioning the CLOSED shop" in his
speech. yet you do not question the
integrity of the 500, 0OO-a-year man
Clarence Randall-when he failed to
mention the million-dollar grant the
Capehart amendment gives the steel
industry.
Leon HI. Sauer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
Questions and Answers
By Gould Lincoln

The Stars readers can get the .r.vo, :.
E HS question ss Of fact by either writing The
NV. Washington. d, c. and inclosins 2 Gents
return postage or by telephoning ST 1868
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
No Flag to Wave?
A. SchwarZ.

In the yard of one of the largest high
schools in Prince Georges County is
fagpole, but very seldom does "Old
Glory ever float from it. What is
wrong?
There is no better way to teach loyalty
than to have our flag waving over the
heads of our youth.
Observer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. Are the Basques represented in
sessions OF the United Nations?-U S. r.
A. There is permanent Basque rep
resentation in sessions of the United Ma
tons. The delegate of the Basque gov
eminent in exile, Jesus de Galindez, has
also this official position.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19

Pen-nanes may be used if letters carry
DriterS' correct names and addresses.
AL letters are subject to condensation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19

@. What is the total number of rail-
roads of all classes now operating in the
United States?-F. F.. B.
A. Railroad companies of all classif-
cations now number 1910. OF these.
there are 131 Class roads.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19

@. In preparing various papers to be
filed in the Patent Office. for how many
different kinds is provision made?
IA. M. B.
A. The Rules of Practice of the United
States Patent Office in Patent Cases
lists 81 forms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-19

Q. Was special victory stamp issued
after World War I?-G. Mem.
A. The United States issued a Victory
Stamp on March 8, 1919. in commence
ration Of the close of the war.
Evening star., 1952-03-23

charges are supported by SUBJ
stantial evidence. Mr.. Irelan has
accepted an invitation to confer
with Maj. Murray and me on
Monday to determine what fur
ther action may be necessary.
Attached herewith is carbon
copy of letter ! have mailed
today to the Hon. Matthew N.
Neely. chairman of the Crime SUBJ
committee of the Senate District
Committee.
The tert OF Commissioner
Young's letter to Senator Neely
tolloDS.:
My dear Senator:
AS you may recall, my attorney,
Daniel B. Maher. conferred with
you on March Is. 1852, at which
time he requested that If the SUBJ
committee desired further testi-
mony from me. that 1t call me on
the following day. or on the fol-
lowing Monday. The reason for
this request was that ! planned to
leave for a few weeks vacation.
He was assured that my presence
would not be required during that
period.
However, in view of develop
ments of the past few days I wish
to advise you that I have cancelled
plans and I will be available to
the subcommittee on any. reason
ton been ignored. Indeed, the
Evening star., 1952-03-23

Inspector Edgar E. Scott. each
of whom served as chief Of detec-
tives; and Mai. Robert J. Barrett,
who was administrative head Of
the police department. All Of these
men have more specific informa-
tion as to the operation Of the
squad than ] have.
! have summarized above my
general knowledge of the mar
cotics squad. II the committee
desires, I will be available for
appearance before your committee
any day. at any time. I have also
instructed Maj. Murray, Inspector
Bryant and Inspector Scott to be
prepared to appear before the
committee with me and they are
anxious so to do.
Lists Undercover Men.
MAY also offer to you for the
confidential use Of the committee
the names Of all undercover men
who have worked for the local unit
for the past five years, including
the men presently engaged In that
type Of work. While I fully recog-
nize that their utility to the de-
partment in narcotics work will be
destroyed by their public identifi-
cation, nonetheless I believe that
the gravity Of the accusations war;
rants such action.
s"The purpose of this tender Is to
Evening star., 1952-03-23

able notice since I intend to re-
turn to my Office on Monday.
AS the member Of the Board Of
Commissioners to whom nominal
supervision Of the police depart
ment is delegated. I share a large
measure of responsibility for the
efficient conduct of that depart
ment.
Cites Close Cooperation.
One Of the units of that de-
|partment is the narcotics squad,
which Is responsible for the
suppression and detection of this
form of vice. This unit has for
many years worked in the closest
concert with the Federal Bureau
OF Narcotics. so much so that
there has been a substantial
identity Of effort. Over a period
|of years scarcely any arrests have
been made by any one unit, with
out the knowledge and active
participation Of the other.
In the past five years former
Maj. Robert ]. Barrett conferred
on at least four occasions with
representatives Of the Federal
Bureau. with the aim Of increas-
ing the efficiency Of the local unit
and. If possible. to lend further
cooperation.
Never has a request Of the
Federal Bureau for aid been un-
granted: nor has q recommends
Evening star., 1952-03-23
Text of Commissioner Younqs Statement and Letter to Senator ee

The tert OF a statement issued
last night by Commissioner John
: Russell Young In reply to criti-
ciSm bu Senator Nicely as chair
man OF the Senate District
Crime Investigating Subcommit-
tee, tollotDS::
At the outset Of the hearings
by the Crime subcommittee of the
Senate District Committee I di-
rected Maj. Robert v. Murray tc
detail an. officer as an observer fol
the purpose Of keeping abreast OF
the inquiry.
From time to time, Maj. Muir
ray has consulted with me with
respect to matters developed by
the committee. In addition, Maj
Murray. at my direction. has
worked In the closest co-opera-
ton with the United States At
torney for the District Of Column
bia. Charles M. Irelan, in connec-
ton with the parallel investiga-
ton being conducted by the spe-
cial rackets grand jury.
AS a result of the accusations
against members Of the police de-
partment by drug peddlers and
addicts, I conferred again yester-
day with Maj. Murray, and in
Structed him to offer the full re-
sources of the police department,
without limitation, to Mr.. Irelan
to aid his Office and the grand
jury in ascertaining whether the