davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-07-17
Sham Battle Today Winding Up
ID. c. Area Reserves TRAINING

mechanics are Juggling combat
packs and small arms, digging
fox-holes and manning mortars
tanks and light artillery.
Sleeping under meager tentage
in the underbrush. they are coping
with chiggers, poison ivy. thun-
derstorms and heat which has
sent the temperatures into the
COS day after day.
The commanding officer IS Col.
Norborne P. Beville, of 1886 South
Wakefield street, Arlington, Va,
assistant manager of the Wash
ington regional Office of the Vet
Grams Administration, who served
with the Air Force in Europe IN
the last war.
Gets Equipment at Camp.
Much of the heavy equipment
used by the regiment was supplied
here, because the reserve outfits
headquarters at 2131 C street NV.
can't store the guns. vehicles and
equipment it is eligible to receive.
The regiment is being trained
as a part of the 8Oth Reserve
Division, made up of troops from
the Baltimore and Richmond
areas.
The schedule tomorrow calls for
demonstrations and training with
the 3.5-inch bazooka which has
put many Red tanks out of COM
mission in Korea.
The team demonstrating this
powerful weapon will be led by
1t. Alfredo SanSalone, a former
commander of cadets at Anacostia
High School, and q former mem
ber of the 317th. The first lieu-
tenant was wounded in the fight
ing in Korea.
Special Recruit Battalion.
Recruits here have been formed
into a special battalion to receive
basic training. Representing the
District in the battalion are:
Pfc. Leon E. Alexander, 228
Division avenue NE; Pfc. James
T. Munson, HOO Sumner road
Sc; Pfc. Stanley E. Anderson,
1852 Columbia road NV; Pfc.
James A. Miller, jr.. 5345 Astor
place Sc; Pfc. James E. GLADDEN.,
2115 Eleventh street NV.
Also Pvts. Samuel A. Towne, jr.,
6502 Chestnut street, Chevy
Chase. Md; Harold r. Cheek, 23O0
Nineteenth street NV; George
R. Marcy. 2722 North Military
road, Arlington, Va; Bradley E..
Thompson, 5000 Wheeler road
Sc; Milton j. Smith, 1928 How
ard road Sc; Andrew j. Caval-
Ter and John j. LaClair, both of
1888 Madison street NV.
Also, Pvts. Stanley M. Clark,
1903 r street NV; Frederick I.
Archer, 5000 Central avenue Sc;
Gilbert M. Green, 342 M place
5.W.; Alonzo F. Joy, 1922 N street
NV; John F. Hudson, Alt Fourth
street Sc; Leon A. Mitchell, 1Ol7
Hopkins place Sc: John M. Hill,
ir., 1852 Seaton place NV, and
w. Holmes. 1920 Tenth
street NJ VIZ
Evening star., 1952-07-17
Prison Comp Fugitive
SOUGHT in D. G.. Area

Washington area police are on
the lookout for prisoner who
yesterday escaped from Virginia
State Road Camp, No. 80. at Fair
fax.
The prisoner Is Frank H. Shaw,
90, of Richmond. who is serving
10 years for robbery. Police said
Shaw came out of the mess hall
and ran through the camp gate.
Evening star., 1952-07-17
Fuirfox Legion Post
Instulls New Officers

Fairfax Post lit of the Ameri.
can Legion has installed officers
as follows: Bernard r. Mullady.
commander; Randolph Dillon,
first vice commander: F. Karl
Travis, second vice commander:
Ellison l.. GriInsley, adjutant:
Joseph Genovese. finance officer,
and the Rev. Thomas r. Scannell.
chaplain.
Evening star., 1952-07-17
Arlington Man Dies Hour
| After Fall From Tree

An Arlington man was fatally
injured last night When he fell
from tree which he. was pruning
Roland Thompson. 81, of 1917
North Bryan street, died in Arling-
ton Hospital an hour after the ac-
cident.
Mr.. Thompson was cutting limbs
from a tree overhanging the roof
of his house about Z pm, his
brother Raymond said. He fell
about 20 feet.
Mr.. Thompson was an employe
of the engineering unit of the
District Highway Department. He
retired about year ago.
He is survived by his wife, Mrs.
Agnes Carter Thompson, six
brothers and three sisters.
Evening star., 1952-07-17

The Event-A coaster race for
boys II to Is. in which con-
teStants drive cars of their
own building.
Place - Pennsylvania avenue
Sc. between Branch and
= Alabama avenues.
Time-Saturday. All contest
ants to report to starting
line at $50 a m. Event starts
at 9. A parade of con-
testants will precede the
race, which will continue
throughout the day. The
final heat, pitting the Glass
"a" champion against the
Glass "B" champion. will
be about S pm.
Sponsors The Star and Met
ropolitan Area Chevrolet
dealers, in cooperation with
the District Department Of
the American Legion.
Bus Transportation -- The
Hillcrest bus. Route C-6, of
the Capital Transit Co.,
leaving Seventeenth street
and Pennsylvania avenue
Sc, which can be reached
by streetcars on Routes 80
and 80 and B-2 buses.
Washington, Marlboro and
Annapolis buses, leaving
from 403 Eleventh street
NV. also pass the course.
Broadcasts - Special broad
casts from the finish line
can be heard on WMAL,
The Evening Star station.
They will begin at 4 pm.
and last until the race is
over.
Evening star., 1952-07-17
1900 Get Wuqe Boost

RICHMOND, Va, July II Dr.
Nearly 1900 workers at the Po-
tomac Edison Co. of Hagerstown,
Nd, and its subsidiaries have been
granted q 5 per cent wage in
crease. retroactive to last May /,
by the fourth regional Wage Sta
hilization Board.
Evening star., 1952-07-17
Groom Elected Chairman
Of ARLINGTON Republicans

Robert L. Groom has beer
elected chairman of the Airing
ton County Republican Executive
Committee.
Mr.. Groom succeeds I. Lee Pot
ter, who resigned to become 10th
district G. 0. P. chairman and to
give full time to his duties as cam
|paign chairman for Joel T. Broy-
hill.
Mr.. Broyhill is the Republican
nominee for Congress in the 10th
district.
Evening star., 1952-07-17
Fuirfox Concert Tonight

The first in a series of four
summer concerts by the Fairfax
Community Band will be held at
8 o'clock tonight outdoors at Fair
fax High School.
Evening star., 1952-07-17
Brood Creek Church Foir

st. Johns Church, Broad Greek,
Md, will hold a country fair Sat-
urday beginning at 3 pm.
Evening star., 1952-07-17

Be sure and take In Washing
toms biggest summer race-the
Soap Box Derby. It costs moth
ing. The 11th running Of the
fast-paced event viii be held
Saturday.
Evening star., 1952-07-17
Four Glass B Derby Veterans
Ready for Title Race Saturday
Derby Guide

The Event-A coaster race for
boys II to Is, in which con-
testants drive cars of their
own building.
Evening star., 1952-05-04

cally controlled the mills. Judge
Pine had not yet put his order into
effect. The Government was trying
to get him to stay execution. So,
in a technical sense, the steelwork-
ers struck, not against the COM
panies which had refused them a
raise, but against the Government
which had recommended a pay
boost. That would be even more
clearly true if they strike again
now.
Workers began leaving their
jobs. Mr.. Murray said he would
let maintenance men help with the
orderly shutdown of the plants-a
long, complicated and costly process
that is essential If a steel mill is
to survive a work stoppage. But as
far as any more steel-making was
concerned, Mr.. Murray forbade it.
A Job Expedited
Never in the history of the huge
industry had mills shut down so
fast. In previous strikes, it had
taken days to cool off the furnaces.
Even in early April, when the
strike was averted by presidential
seizure, the fires already had been
banked and had to be built up
again before production could be
resumed. But this time, production
in the struck mills was down to
Evening star., 1952-05-04
In the Courts

The great explosion Of the weeks
steel news was detonated Tuesday
in q decision handed down by
District Court Judge David A. Pine.
Judge Pine had been asked to
come to grips with the TOUGHEST Of
constitutional questions. How far,
the steel attorneys wanted to know,
does governmental power extend?
The industry asked Judge Pine to
overturn the April 8 steel seizure
and return the plants to their
owners.
The Governments lawyer, As
siStant Attorney General Holmes
Baldridge. told the court that in
matters Of this kind the scope Of
presidential power was infinite. Mr..
Baldridge paraded q wealth Of case
citations before Judge Pine, each
purporting to show that Mr.. Tru-
man was within his rights In
seizing the industry.
The jurist disagreed. In . 1000
word decision, he demolished the
Governments case. He ordered the
steel mills returned to their owners,
and capped his verdict with .
Evening star., 1952-05-04

the Justice Department still was
preparing its papers for the Su-
preme Court, company attorneys
asked the high bench to review"
Judge Pines decision. .s
Ordinarily, the party which dis
agrees with a lower court decision
is the one to ask higher tribunal
for review. The steel lawyers agreed
down the line with what Judge Pine
had ruled. But their petition for
review was only a stratagem to get
more vital questions before the
supreme bench.
They asked, first of all, for the
Supreme Court to take the case.
But If the court refused to hear
arguments for review, they wanted
it to give the industry back to its
owners as Judge Pine had ordered.
Failing this, the company lawyers
wanted what they got yesterday
a ban on a Government-inStituted
wage increase.
Within an hour or so after the
industry filed its petition, the Gov
ernment handed up papers, also
asking for a review of Judge Pines
decision.
Later that day, the union unex-
pectedly filed a brief of its own
with the Supreme Court. Speaking
Evening star., 1952-05-04

but the decision was a close one.
All nine judges voted, splitting 5
to 4 in granting the stay. They
told the Government it would have
until Friday to take the case to the
Supreme Court.
But Mr.. Perlman's passionate
promise was not fulfilled. The
mills went back to the Govern
ment, but the workers did not 60
back to the mills. CIO Chief MUIR
ray bided his time, and said moth
ing. Hourly, the furnaces grew
colder.
A March Stolen
Another round in the legal battle
was about to open. The steel in
dustry was worried about the
increasing possibility that the Gov
ernment might put into effect the
raise for steelworkers over which
the argument had begun. Company
lawyers went back to the appeals
court and asked the nine judges to
prevent the Government from
changing prevailing pay scales.
Again the court was split, S to 4.
Again the split was in favor of the
Government. The industry's request
was rejected.
Then the industry lawyers stole
q march on the Government. While
Evening star., 1952-05-04
Star. AP. Harris-Ewins Photos.

virtually nothing inside "a hours.
The steelworkers, apparently, were
playing for keeps.
Early the next day, Judge Pine
refused to hold up his injunction.
The strike bound mills went back
formally to private ownership.
But not for long. Solicitor General
Philip Perlman went to the Court
of Appeals to get stay of Judge
Pines order. He wanted to take
the matter to the Supreme Court
right away, he told the appellate
court.
Mr.. Perlman, who looks a surpris-
ing lot like Mr.. Murray, had a
dramatic role that day. He played
it to the hilt. In what the appel
late court did, the Solicitor General
said, might well lie the fate of the
Nation. For the country's safety,
the injunction-and the strike that
resulted from it-had to be held in
allegiance. Arms waving, Mr.. PERL
man shouted:
'Stay it! Stay It! Every minute
counts! We want to get the men
back to the mills as soon as we can.
If you sign the order we seek .
we can get those men back to the
mills. We can get them back before
the mills get cold"
Mr.. Perlman carried his point,
Evening star., 1952-05-04

reply to the Governments conten-
ton that loss Of production would
be a national disaster. Said Judge
Pine:
II believe that the contemplated
strike, If it came, with all its awful
results, would be less injurious to
the public than the injury which
would flow from a timorous judi
cial recognition that there is some
basis for this claim to an unlimited
and unrestrained executive power,
which would be implicit In failure
to grant the injunction. Such
recognition would undermine public
confidence in the very edifice of
government as it Is known under
the Constitution"
Mr.. Baldridge had warned that a
return Of the mills to their owners
would mean the beginning of a
strike. He was right about that,
at least. Within minutes of Judge
Pines decision, the correctness of
Mr.. Baldridge's prediction was
proved.
In Cleveland. Ohio, Philip Murray
received the news.
Then, in his Scottish brogue, he
said the decision left his 650,000
unionistS with no alternative but
to cease work immediately" AS he
spoke, the Government still techni-
Evening star., 1952-05-04

German Army. The repercusSionS Of
this experiment in forced repatriation
convinced us we should not do the
same thing in Korea. This time, we
said, a prisoner who did not dare 60
home should not be made to 60 home.
The second mistake was committed
when, in the face of this resolve, we
supplied the North Koreans and Red
Chinese with full lists of prisoners we
held in Korea. In so doing, we not
only made it possible for them to
] press, on an informed basis, for the
return Of all the prisoners we were
holding. We also put them in a
position where, for prestige and
propaganda reasons, they were vir-
tually obliged to insist that all their
people be returned.
Modest Prediction
When this issue began to come to
q boil in the Panmunjom conference
tents, we assured the Communists we
did not think it would turn out to
be big one. Only small propor-
tion Of their men would resist re-
patriation. we predicted-perhaps IS
per cent. The Communists were in
terested. They limited they might
wink at the detection of some Of
the prisoners, provided the number
was small enough. It was agreed we
should poll the prison camps to
establish the facts.
No pollsters ever leaned further
over backwards to be fair. For
several days before the voting,
at our suggestion. the Com
munists broadcast friendly messages
to the prisoners In our camps. Even
for prisoners who had had them
selves tattooed with Communist
slogans, there would be no reprisals,
they said soothingly. Come home
all is forgiven" These messages were
carried into camps by loudspeakers
which we set up to receive the Red
broadcaStS.
Even the wording of the ques-
tions was designed to insure the ex-
pected result. The prisoners were not
asked merely whether they wanted.
or were willing to be returned home.
They also were asked: Would you
forcibly oppose repatriation?"
The results were Is astonishing %
Evening star., 1952-05-04
Korean Talks The Long Showdown Seems Be Hand

us as they were embarrassing to the
enemy. Here is the arithmetic of the
vote:
We hold $4,000 North Korean SOL
diers. No less than $4,000 Of them,
or 46 per cent, said they would fight
against being sent home.
We hold almost $1,000 Red Chi
nese. Almost 10000 Of them, or 76
per cent, said they would fight against
being sent home.
In addition, we hold two special
groups of prisoners: Sixteen thou
sand South Koreans who had been
serving with the North Korean Army,
and $1,000 civilian internees. For
these people, the question Of forcible
resistance to repatriation was not
raised. But $4,000 Of them said they
did not want to 60 home.
No precise figures are available
here as to how many prisoners in
the first two categories expressed
distaSte for repatriation without
going so far as to insist that they
would forcibly resist it. But the PEN
LdSOu Says LI1dG u tklC CIILuS tOUd4 VI
10000 prisoners only about IS per
cent indicated they wanted to be
returned to their Communist home
lands.
Red Reversed
This was the victory that brought
the truce talks to their current crisis.
For when the Communists saw these
figures. they Immediately reverted to
their demand that all the prisoners
be returned. They charged US. Of
course. with having engineered the
result by intimidation and fraud.
They knew better. But the facts that
had been brought to light were facts
they would have q hard time facing.
There also were facts on which our
side would have o hard time turning
its back. Through the curtain Of Sc
crecy around the peace talks. rumorS
have filtered. Some say the U. N.
has offered to return to the Reds so
per cent Of the disputed prisoners.
That would seem q hard decision to
make. Fortunately for the prisoners,
If for no one else, it also seemed to
be q hard solution for the Commu-
niSts to take.
Evening star., 1952-05-04
By NewboId Moves, Jr.

time extracting a promise we cannot
make our adversary keep.
The question of Russia as neutral
observer in Korea also is a matter
of principle for both sides. It is con-
Sidered probable that, If the chips
were down, the Communists would
yield on this one. It matters less to
them than it does to us. We cam
not include Russia among the truce
inspecting nations without putting
ourselves in the position Of admitting
what we know is false-that Russia
is neutral in the Korean war. The
Communists, on the other hand, can
agree to Russia's exclusion without
admitting that the Kremlin had q
hand in the aggression.
A proposal already has been put
forward by our side at Panmunjom
that four nations, rather than six.
should be enough to supervise the
truce. Russia and Norway, we have
suggested, can both be dropped from
the list. Sweden, Switzerland, Po-
land and Czechoslovakia would re-
main, four nations apparently ac-
ceptable to both sides. Again,
assuming that the real possibility Of
an armistice were to arise, 1t is not
hard to envision an agreement along
these lines.
Repdtriotion Porodox
The issue Of repatriation, on which
the outcome Of the negotiations now
seems to turn. presents Americans
with an interesting paradox. For II
we are prevented from obtaining the
truce agreement we seek. it will not
be the result Of any failure on our
part. On the contrary, it viii result
directly from the greatest psychologi-
cal victory that has yet been scored
by the West in the hot or cold battle
against communism.
The magnitude Of this victory
and the full irony Of its effects-has
yet to sink In in this country.
Behind the victory lie two mis-
takes. First there was the mistake
In Europe after World War II, when
We sent back to their Russian homes
thousands Of unwilling anti-Com-
munists prisoners Of the defeated
Evening star., 1952-05-04
Mr. Truman Shows the Nation How Not to End Strike

as what the lawyers call "a friend Of
the court" the union said a wage
freeze order would leave the work.
ers in an unenviable position. If
wages were frozen, the brief said,
the union would have no one to
bargain with. That is the position
the union actually was in last night.
The appeals court, which already
had rendered two 5-to-4 decisions,
meanwhile handed down an opin-
ion questioning the correctness Of
Judge Pines decision. The vote
again was to 4.
Evening star., 1952-05-04
Outside the Courts

Near Pittsburgh last week, . steel
worker shrugged his shoulders,
looked at the sky, and said:
"Well, the weather's nice. think
I'll 60 fishing till I find out who I'm
working for"
This attitude Of watchful waiting
characterized the weeks early
activity on the part of labor, man
agement and the administration.
Each party to the dispute had
its own set of values. Each, for the
time being, was standing pat.
Labor stood pat on the Wage
Stabilization Boards recommended
package Of 26 cents an hour in basic
and fringe benefits. It was labor's
acceptance-and industry's rejec-
tion-of this formula that set of
the chain of events leading to last
months seizure and the subsequent
crisis. Because labor felt pretty sure
of getting the raise sooner or later.
it had no reason to do otherwise
than sit back and wait. For the first
60 hours after Judge Pines decision
the union had little or nothing to
say.
Management was quiet, too, but
for another reason. 1t was letting
its lawyers do the talking. Like
labor, industry was after material
gain in the dispute. It wanted
money, in the form Of a price rise
sufficient to Offset the cost of the
wage boost. A price increase had
been one of industry's prime points
ever since wage negotiations opened
last December. At first, the COM
panies demanded an average Of
about $12 ton. The Government
was willing to grant only what it
had to give under the Capehart
amendment to the price-control law
about So. It was evident, however.
that the gap was much narrower
last week than before. The indica-
tions were that the industry would
settle for S., and that the Govern
ment was ready to give $3.50.
The administration had little to
do but stand pat, either. The basic
issues had been outlined in forceful
terms by President Truman on April
8. According to his views, the wage
boost was just and the price request
unjust. The unionists we're being
offered what was their simple due;
the companies were demanding
more than any one else could get.
The standpat attitude Of the
principals in the steel dispute was
altered when Judge Pines injunc-
ton was stayed. Mr.. Truman wired
Philip Murray, asking him to get
the workers back into the mills "in
order that we may obtain the steel
we must have for the national
safety"
On Friday morning, Mr.. Murray
ordered his 650,0O0 men back to
work. Only an hour or so later,
the first workers appeared at the
gates of the Allegheny Ludlum
plant in Pittsburgh. The strike was
over-at least for the time being.
Evening star., 1952-05-04
The BoIunce Sheet

What had Harry Truman accom-
plished in this month-long muddle
that began with the seizure of the
mills?
He tried to avoid a strike. He
got one strike, and the very real
threat of another.
He tried to avoid using the Taft
Hartley Act. He found himself
without any otter weapon in case a
strike against the Government
should now develop
He wanted to insure an uninter-
rupted flow of steel for the defense
effort. He lost, by conservative esti-
mate, at least 2 million ingot tons
in the confusion of the last week
alone.
He tried to impose on the COM
panies a raise the steel workers
wanted. He found himself stopped
by a court order from which there
Is no appeal.
He tried to force an overnight
settlement Of the dispute. He was
now in position where the vital
Constitutional issue he had raised
must hang in suspense until the
Supreme Court acts-sometime be-
tween now and next Christmas.
He turned his back on q COM
promise offered by his defense mo-
bilizer, Charles E. Wilson's COM
promise which would have given
the industry the price increase It
said 1t needed to pay for the unions
demands. In the end, he would
have to accede to economic reah-
ties. Meanwhile, he had lost Charlie
Wilson,
Last week. Mr. Wilson, like most
other people. was little perplexed.
ITO think" he said, that ! could
have settled this thing four or five
weeks ago on the basis Of IS q ton"
Wryly, he added: Pardon me for
laughing"
OF all the $50 million Americans,
Charlie Wilson was probably the
only one entitled to chuckle at the
sour Joke.