davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-01-20
By Belmont Fories

Rigg emphasizes, is its unlimited
supply of manpower. No general
sacrifices troops uselessly. but infan-
try requirements are much more
readily available to the Chinese COM
mander than tanks and planes.
Among front-line United Nations
troops who frequently manage to
find sort of grim amusement In
the communiques, there was stock
joke: II was attacked by two hordes
and killed both Of them"
Forty Eight Doys to Puson
Not only the forces in Korea, but
all members of the PLA are tech
nically volunteers. The large num-
ber Of ex-Nationalist or Japanese
puppet troops serving with the Reds
suggests that much Of the volunteer
ing may have been under circum-
stances that left very little choice.
To keep the ranks filled. quotas are
set for various areas, and public
opinion constitutes an informal draft
board. Most of the training Of re-
cruits is done in the field, and there
are records of youths who made the
trip from their homes In China to
the United Nations prison camps at
Pusan in 48 days. covering most Of
the distance on foot.
Transportation is one Of the weak
points Of the PLA. Trucks are used
where available, but In the field most
supplies are carried by civilian labor
ers attached to the infantry units.
Troops expect to march. and can
cover amazing distances. Unlike mod
ern mechanical forces the Chinese
are not roadbound and frontline
troops can easily conceal themselves
from air reconnaissance. If neces-
sary they can break UP into small
units and disappear.
No Elbow Room Now
But fiighting on Q narrow penin-
sula, and O foreign one at that.
against q modern mechanized army.
Chinese generals have lost their
ability TO maneuver freely. and have
had to slug It out toe y toe.
Remembering their guerrilla les
sons. they make the most Of infil-
Evening star., 1952-01-20

for the unloosing Of the hand of his
master. He was all nerves and
smiles" r
To demonstrate q point. he would
simulate the taking Of dope and fall
onto his lectern. Or he might take
poison" and flop to the floor. dead.
Always he would spring back with
athletic viyacity.
DR.. Graham may be hkened more
closely to. a ballet dancer. adopting
PAGES and gestures that represent. In
formalized patterns. the emotions he
seeks to convey. He frankly states
his belief that constant motion makes
for constant attention. It may be
safely assumed that DR.. Sunday had
the same thing in mind.
Billy Sunday was. perhaps. bit
more cavalier than DR.. Graham about
the collection platter. Once he ad-
monished his ushers in 1918: "Frisk
everybody but the soldiers when you
Evening star., 1952-01-20

9Th Route Army in the war against
the japanese invader. In 1916, as
the Peoples Liberation Army. it re-
newed its battle against the Ma
tionalists and. in two years had
driven them from the Chinese
mainland. In 1850 its volunteers
sent overextended American forces
reeling back in Korea.
The PLA's guerrilla background
helps explain the curious contradic-
tions in its treatment of prisoners.
Survivors Of the retreat from the
Chanjin Reservoir told how Chinese
troops burned Americans alive in OIL
soaked trucks, and then casually
finished of their own wounded as
well,s
Incidents of that kind have been
rare. and in general prisoners have
been relatively well treated. The
PLA captured far more Nationalist
troops in China than it ever killed,
and hundreds of thousands Of them
are now in its ranks. Red COM
manders, who considered the enemy
their quartermaster, were willing to
use his men-even generals-as well
as his equipment. At least seven
former Nationalist generals hold i'm
portant Red commands. Foreign
troops captured in Korea, however.
are likely to be somewhat more re-
sistant to Communist indoctrination
than were the Chinese captives OF
the Reds.
Survival Of the Fittest
The present PLA. with o strength
conservatively estimated at 1850. 600.
is built around the men who survived
its most impressive achievement. the
long march Of 1886. Hard pressed
in South China after six years Of
guerrilla fighting, Mao Tze-tung and
Chu Teh led their forces in an $500
mile strategic retreat to the desert
areas Of Shensi Province in the north.
OF their 100000 troops. only 10000
completed the march. The weak and
wavering fell by the wayside. II was
q tough, bitter group Of fanatically
Aconyinced Communists who succee6ed
In reaching their new northern base
The pLA's greatest asset. Col
Evening star., 1952-01-20

In its first venture beyond its own
borders, Red China's army is begged
down in Korea in o war 1t cannot
win.
But the Chinese learn fast, and
with unlimited manpower available.
the Peoples Liberation Army (PLA)
remains a serious threat to Indo-
China and the other countries OF
Southeast Asia.
How did the PLA develop in Is
years from q small guerrilla force
to great army confident enough OF
its strength to challenge the military
might of the United States? Most
of the answers are to be found in
'sRed, China's Fighting Hordes"
(Military Service Publishing Coz, q
new book by 1t. Col. Robert B. Rigg,
@ military attache in China from
l945 to 1948, who learned about the
Communist armies the hard way.
Passion for Modernity
Col. Rigg saw the Russian occupa-
ton OF Manchuria. was captured and
tried by the Chinese Reds, and
marched hundreds Of miles with
other Communist units as an OBJ
server. He stresses that the PLA is
not modern army-but it is max
ing every effort to become one as
rapidly as possible.
Despite the present size and power
of the PLA. its leaders still tend to
think and fight as guerrillas. Until
they were halted by superior fire.
power in Korea, they had no reason
to doubt that the tactics which
brought them success in the conquest
of China would continue to succeed.
Nevertheless. with the help Of
Russian advisers. the PLA has been
busily Transforming itself from q
land force. depending in the main
on infantry. to co-ordinated land
naval and air forces with up-to-date
arms and technical equipment.
Fighting Since 1927
Since It's formation in 1927 as the
Workers and Peasants Red Arm!
the Chinese Communist Army has
meyer stopped fighting. though ths
ensmy has changed. In 1887 !
temporarily abandoned is struggle
With Chang Kai-shek to become tn
Evening star., 1952-01-20
Mao Is Souping Up His Guerros for the Big League

tration, seek every opportunity to hit
an enemy column on the move. When
forced to attack frontally, they throw
massive forces against the weakest
points in the enemy line. But they
have learned once and for all that an
unlimited supply Of infantry is no
substitute for tanks, planes and heavy
artillery.
The PLA has been immensely sue
cessful in arming itself from the
stores of the enemy. The result is
a conglomeration of American weap-
ons, mostly captured from the Ma
tionalists. and japanese equipment
seized in Manchuria with Russian
connivance. Newer equipment Of all
kinds is being acquired from Russia,
but at price. The cost Of jet air
plane must seem fantastic to an army
accustomed to getting along with
rifles and mortars. And although the
Russians do not demand cash on the
harrelhead, they give nothing away.
Though stopped in Korea and will
ing at least to talk about truce. the
PLA is not beaten. As its stock OF
planes, tanks and big guns increases
and its generals gain experience in
using them, it will be able to meet
Western armies on o more equal basis.
Some Pigs Survived
Where its next move will come. and
Just how it win move. is BY no means
clear. Despite Q steady buildup Of
its troops on the 1ndo-C Chinese border
there has not yet been any indica-
ton Of actual Chinese Intervention.
But Chinese. advisers serve with Ho
Chi Minis Communist forces. And
Wet Mini troops In the thousands
have been sent to South China. bat
TALON by battalion. to be trained and
equipped by the Chinese.
Troops and planes are now avail
able in South China for use In lndo-
China II the Chinese decide that
actual intervention Is necessary.
Although they burned their fingers
badly In Korea. the Chinese generals
do not fear western armies. Even
the threat Of the atomic bomb means
little to them. They are willing to
60 along with Macs comment: Even
j Of Bilkini atomic bombs didn't kill oil
the pigs"
Evening star., 1952-01-20
1t All Goes to Show Thot You Can Teach New Dog Old Tricks
BY John w. Stepp

Billy came to town in q blaze of
hellfire, birthstone and press-agentry.
Crowds at Union Station, thoroughly
primed in advance for the occasion,
swarmed around him. They pumped
his hand. They shouted loud and
affectionate greetings.
Thousands flocked to hear his
. preaching, from the very first night.
Billy's arms failed the air. He darted
about the pulpit. He glared. He
slapped his hands together.
"If an angel came down from
heaven" he shouted. "and mixed
with the kind Of people with whom
you, who call yourselves Christians,
live on good terms, he'd have to be
disinfected, sterilized and fumigated
with formaldehyde, carbolic acid and
Lysol before he could get back into
heaven"
Another Billy
This was January. 1918-not Janu-
ary. 1852. Billy Sunday-not Billy
Graham-had brought his evangel-
istic revival to Washington.
But for the fact that he held forth
in q specially constructed, rather
tacky frame tabernacle at First and
D streets N.E.-instead ef the high
domed Armory at Nineteenth and C
streets S.E.-you could scarcely tell
the difference between Billy Sundays
''sawdust trail" and Billy Graham's
HcrllSade" for converts
"Well, go to hell if you want to-"
decreed Billy Sunday to those who
SHE'D from his invitation to CONVEX
sion.
Your most embarrassing moment
will be right after death If you refuse
to pay attention to your spiritual be-
ing during life." Billy Graham ad-
monishes his followers today.
Save the Churches
Beth Billys seemed to attach i'm
portance to renovating the religious
house in Washington.
IF you tear, down the churches Of
Washington. If you drive the pastors
and preachers out of your city. de-
stroy your Bibles and rip down your
YMCAs. your real estate will not be
worth 10 cents on dollar in one
year." the Rev. Dr. Sunday declaimed.
Said the Rev. DR.. Graham last
week: washington is going to be the
test of what America is going to do.
II this city does not turn to Chris
tianity, then anything can happen to
America"
The convictions of the two evan
gelists run pretty much the same
throughout their sermons. prepared
or unprepared. The Sunday Billy
may have put more emphasis on hell
fire and damnation. But where the
Graham Billy stresses brotherly love.
there is always the feeling that that
birthstone Is being held in reserve.
Texts and Toctics
The tactics of the two Billys are
even more similar than their texts.
First comes elaborate advance pub
licity, arousing the curiosity and fer
vor of the congregation n-to-be. Then
as the meeting opens, there's music.
Evening star., 1952-01-20

dental deaths after World War II
were attributed to these lethal SOU
venirs. Gen. Parker is determined
that this sad state will not prevail
after the Korean conflict.
The Internal Revenue Bureau will
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23

Tut, tutl Seems Ike I've gone
and put my foot In trouble again!
Kit and X. Lawrence Of our local
nudist colony invited me to visit
the place some Sunday. The last
tine I can remember Of being
challenged like that was during my
school days when strip-poker was
the rage. In those times however,
l had more iron In my backbone
and less pot on my belly. It wasn't
too embarrassing to call or be
called on q bluff.
The Lawrences' shouldn't find It
necessary TO defend such popular
institutions % Nudist Camps. Evil
IDENTIFY they misunderstood my orr
ginal column.
Why / can remember how syidly
the guys in Army camps used to
study the official nudist colony pub
locations!
And a. rscsntly % two weeks
ago. saw various photographs
clipped from . "sunshine" maya
zine and pasted on clothes locker
wallsl
Until I develop 1 '.pin-up" figure
and can be pasted On such walls,
! think III stay away from nudist
camps. though.
Thanks again for the invitation =
Kit and X.
Answer . ouesileners.
Several people have asked ne
about Jackson and her poetry
since we published Z couple Of
pieces In the Rock. Here il
thumbnail sketch. u.
Until her marriage to Ronnie
jackson in 1913, Gladys wrote un-
der the pen-name "Gladys Nc
Kee." However, ID difference to
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23
Earle ". Sapp
Reports For Duty

Earle w. Sapp, lieutenant 0.g.),
reported aboard for duty with
Surface Anti-Submarine Develop
ment Detachment, Key West. He
was formerly attached to the
U.S.S. Willard Keith. destroyer
IT'S. While on the Keith, he stood
by the disabled SIS. Flying Enter
prise off the coast of England.
He served in the capacity Of
operations officer, anti-submarine
warfare officer, and electronics
officer.
His career began as an ensign
after his graduation from Duke
University, in N.R.O.T.C. He was
then transferred to Fleet Sonar
School, Key West. as a student,
and to Combat Information Gem
ter school at Boston. He then re-
ported aboard the U.S.S. Charles
r. Ware, destroyer 865, which re-
ceived a commentator for battle
efficiency. Lieutenant Sapp was
Anti-Submarine Warfare Officer,
cIC Officer, and electronics Off
Ger. He was electronics officer
aboard the U.S.S. Coolbaugh, de-
stroyer at, then a student al
Electronics school, Treasure Is
land, California. He then return
ed to the Coolbaugh, and obtain
ed extra duties Of operations Of
ficer, Anti-Submarine welfare
officer, communications officer
and CIC officer, besides his orig.
inal duty as electronics officer
He then reported to his last duty
| station, the U.S.S. Keith.
During his tours of duty, Lieu.
tenant Sapp received the Ameri,
can Area medal: the World War
II Victory medal; and the Euro.
lpean Occupation Area medal.
The Naval Station, Treasure
Island, swimming team was un,
der Lieutenant Sapp's manage.
ment from January to June, 1919
Prior to his entry into the
naval service, Lieutenant Sapr
attended Coolidge High School
Washington, ID. c., and Georgs
, Washington University, a1ss
Washington.
His mother, Mabel Sapp. re,
sides at 1891 Kalmia Road N. w.
Washington, IL, d. c. His father
Il deceased.
TWO children are being rearei
~ Lieutenant Sapp and his wife
he former Ava Alfred Of Ashe
j poro. North Carolina. They live a
1000 Southland street, Key West.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23
Auditors Make
Recommendations

TAMPA R - An audit of the
State Beverage Department for the
year ended last June 80 made rec
concentrations Cor several changes
in departmental procedures, the
Tampa Tribune reported yesterday.
In a story nom Tallahassee the
Tribune said the auditor urged
stronger control over use of gaso-
line courtesy cards by department
employees, greater care In DISPOSE
ton of confiscated liuuor. reslloca-
ton of siate-owned cars accord
ing to use" improved procedure
for selling confiscated automobiles
and a curb on use Of the depart
ment's credit and purchasing pow
er to buy tires for some state
employees.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23
THIS ROCK OF OURS

Ronnie, she changed to Gladys
Herfurth Jackson"
Her poems are to be found in the
collections of contemporary poems
by Ted Malone: Scrap Book" and
five volumes Of "Between the
Bookends. !" Her lone publication to
date is ''The Magnolia Tree pub
lished by Harcourt and Brace in
l947.
Gladys has written many short
stories, articles, and pulp novels.
She Is about to embark on q new
adventure as an honest-to- goodness
novelist. But you'll hear about this
and we viii write more on it later.
DARRoOMS
There are times when ! become
slightly irritated with conditions in
our fair city. Wonder If they affect
you the same way?
For instance.
There are oar owners who have
grown wealthy from their sales to
Navy personnel. just to make sure
they don't miss q single dime,
some Of them hire slightly worn
out barmaids to cuddle up to Che
boys and coax them out Of an ex-
ira drink.
/ So what happens If the sailor
gets slightiy' woozey' ? The bar
owner throws him out on the street
I, bother cole -ober pedestrians, o.
else calls the city police.
We, the public. might take few
minutes out to think over this situs
tian. One solution would be to make
iAeasier for the reputable bars tt
operate and q lot harder for the
whiskey-cutting clip joints to stay
In business. We have both type
bars here in town. you know.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23
NEWS NOTES

A volcano often viii erupt
mud.
Walking races were popular
during the last half Of the 18th
Century.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23
COMMUNISM IN LATIN AMERICA

The American public has paid very little attention
to the progress that Russia is making in spreading Com
munism in the Western Hemisphere. Recently, eyes
have been focused the trouble spots Of Korea and In
doChna in Asia and the COMMUNISTS threat in Europe
Washington officials are very much concerned over
the fact that the Communists control the Of
Guatemala. President Jacobo Arbenz Guzman, who has
become the tool Of the Communists is allowing his
try be used base Of operations for Russian agents
in their effort spread Stains propaganda in the Latin
American countries.
The Reds are infiltratng into Panama and stirring
vital Panama Canal What Communists want reaction
among Egyptians in their efforts the British from
the Suez Canal Zone.
TAe Soviet influence in other couhtres in the WEST
Guatemala. Batsta the Cuban dictator who is avowed
enemy Of Communism has refused to outlaw the Commun
list Party In Brazil the Reds put impressive demon
station in celebrating it, thirtieth anniversary
Many observers feel that Communist pressure in
Mexico responsible for the failure of the United
States to conclude mutual defense agreement with that
country Politicians in Chile secretly seek the support Of
the Communists in elections though the Communist
Party Is illegal.
The Communists not too influential in Argentina,
Columbia, Bolivia and Venezuela AS they did in Asia
the Reds captalzing extreme natonalism low iv
Ing standards high rate of literacy, and political in
stability to spread their doctrine.
It unfortunate in this world Of power politics that
the United States weakened by spots deep behind
the front lines We not afford to disregard the Soviet
danger in Latin America.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23

The fsngs Of many poisonous
makes are folded 80 that they
lie parallel with the roOf Of the
mouth when not in Use.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23
SCIENCE
NEWS

~ HOWARD UlAEUSkBk
Asseeistsd prsss Science ndlter
ATOM BOMB SITE, Nev.4,-We
have real baby A-bombs and also
near-giants, and We have them In
great variety.
That Ii the explanation q the
many A-bOmbs that have been *
ploded here in . little more than
year. Some prove very good,
and others not 20 good when meas-
ured by the grim purpose behind
all this work. namely to give our
Army and Navy bombs that they
can use in battle against enemy
troops and ships.
This new picture Of Americas
atomic power comes from the
numerous briefings by u. 3. atomic
energy officials and by generals,
which set the stage for Operation
Big Shot. the first public exhibition
Of A-bomb progress here.
Baby bombs are both small In
size and small In explosive power.
when compared with our first
bombs. In sire they are still bic
but getting small enough for firing
In big guns and In guided missiles.
They are at the practical military
stage.
But not 90 the A-bombs which
rate as babies in explosive power.
They are not yet useful and no
one knows when they viii BE-. The
trouble is the present impossihility
| Of gauging their power 90 that :
field commander can shoot them
with confidence that they win de-
stroy the objective.
These babies stili win be thou
sands Of times more powerful than
| 4 ton Of INT.
The A-explosion comes from
bringing pieces Of the explosive
metal together very rapidly. slow
down this approach and you can
get any power from zero b 7o.000
tons Of TNT. The showdown, how
ever, cannot - controlled suffie-
iently.
Here observers who have had
10 look from 50 miles apparently
have seen four different kinds Il
explosive power.
The problem Is illustrated by
Big Shot. In advance the scientists
said frankly they could not even
guess how powerful H. would be.
Even the new electronie ealcula-
tors have missed BY 70 Per cent
in estimating the power Of some
of our A-homhs.
One purpose of this tsst 10 "a
ind cut how powerful Big shot
may Be-
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23
by ALTON L. BlAkGslEH
Asseeiassd Press S<isnss nepests

CLEVELAND IRA new human
disease. cat scratch disease. was
reported today TO the American
College az Physicians.
Humans often get II after being
scratched by house cats. Ths eats
are perfectly healthy themselves,
But the disease 10 caused BY some.
thing. maybe q virus. carried o.
the eats claws.
This silmsnl spparsatiy b moi
unesmmca. said Dr.. Knrth D.
Daniels of Ceorxetcxs university
School cf Medicine, and pr. Fran
@. MaeMurray, wasAiastns. .. {
They reported e eases Il - STAT
and Hawaii and Canada.
A few days AFTER hezng seratcks
humans gek SICK. They Get . fess
which may run 10 10 degrees. an
last . fer dsys % Eve weeks.
LympA nodes II Siaednlsf ker.
rsls n re srnpils. ne<k arc
Erusn rasy szsn 70 ne enc Z
E0a bsils or small orsnxes. Olfen
they break cowa into ahseessss,
viii Eslsass l ns4A IL nad<s
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23
Loses Area

BARLOW N-The small Florida
community Of Polk City has lost
two-thirds Of its area by ruling
Of Circuit Judge Don Register.
Even before the ruling it had
only lS1 residents and covered
about 400 acres.
Thirty-one of the property own
ers brought suit to he declared
outside the city, stating they did
not receive adequate police or fire
protection. street maintenance or
public utilities from Polk City.
Agreeing, Judge Register said he
believed the plaintiffs property
was s'being taxed for benefits
which they have not, cannot and
win not receive"
The city announced il would
appeal the ruling.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23
James Benson
Is Transferred

James Michael Benson, elee-
tronics technician second elass.
was transferred from the com
munications department Of the
naval station to Boston, Mass.
where he viii be assigned sea
duty.
Benson, of Minneapolis, Min
nesota, is the SON Of Mr.. and Mrs.
M. N. Benson. Before entering
the Naval service, he attended
Grandview High School.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23

nay stay swollen and tender fer
ssen weeks 10 six months.
Humans feel sick, with poor ap-
eetite. weakness. nausea. aching.
hills ard headaches. Some khs~
snail sin rash.
Tie humans always reeovsr. but
aay feel Ill far six Haanlhs. No
ressmens j. known pet The aafi.
lcties ehloromyeetin and aureo.
ay<in nay Aelp sosnewhat Il gsvsa
arly. Salia drugs ard stgeplony-
= d0n1 Do any good
ORA Daniels and MaeMwrray re-
sowss1 . skin test to detect TIE
eat Issev. Thsy said TIE eat fsssr
II spgn<sImes nixtaksn fSr rabbit
fever. lsfs<iic2s EnacAQesecsis.
hgeesIiosas o. goat fever. Eedg.
ksas dlsssss q gaaa1alar tsabss-
CNl0slx. -.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23

Many animals can be classified
a. having either exterior or inter-
ior skeletons; the lower inverte-
bratss being those which have ex-
terror skeletons.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23

When Ice floats in water, the
portion Of the ice below water le-
vel ID the same volume that would
be occupied by the water resulting
frum the melting Of all the ice.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23

Turkeys. the birds, are 50 callea
because of a former mistaken -
lief they came from Turkey.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23

Twins a the same sex are far
more common than those Of oppo-
site sex.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1952-04-23

II you know what man does, you do not need to
know what he says to judge whether he practices
his religion.