davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Valley frontiersman., 1952-05-01
PRIZE WINNERS
 ANNOUNCED a FOR P.TA MOVIE TICKET SALE

Prizes for selling the most tick cts to inc p.TA-sponsored movie The Green Promise. % which ran for three showings Tuesdrv were announced by '~s Lew H7nks chairman of the ways and means committee
 First prize winner was Donna Horton. fifth grader Her broth CT Richard Horton. grade four end Darrel Frank. grade eight tied for second place The awards were cash prizes
 Mrs. Hanks also reported that the response to the P-TA ticket sale was very gratifying. After all bills are paid f is expected that the movie will have netted the P-TA treasury close to $500 The school children's ticket sale netted s3l6 and s75 was taken n at the box office.
 Thanks for putting over the money making project went 70 William Elliott the school chair man; and the teachers at Palmer School. all of whom helped lm- measurablv; and to Mrs. Russell Felzicn. Mrs. Ivan Branton. Mrs, J. Moore Mrs. Joseph Gallant Mrs. Paul Martin. and c. R. Nit
Valley frontiersman., 1952-05-01

quest this week and stated:
 We have learned informally that a proposal in some form, for either a withdrawal or use per init. is now under consideration in the office of the Secretary of the Army. I agree, that, if and when a request for a further withdrawal of land of the An chorage area is received that 1t would be most desirable to hold a public hearing to secure the views of all interested parties. You may be assured that l will endeavor to see that such hear ing is held"
Valley frontiersman., 1952-05-01
STUDENT cCuNc.l MEMBERS BARELY ESCAPE sROWSLiCE

Student Council representa- tives from Palmer School return ing from a join; session with the Anchorage Student Council bare. ly escaped being buried by a snow slide off Pioneer Peak shortly after II pm. Friday night.
 As II was. their return to Pal mer was barred by a bank of snow about l9 feet high and 300 feet long. A car which was travelling ahead of Harry Vim aer's apparently got through the s!ida area before the snow plung- cd down over the road. The i3 representatives a n d their faculty advisor had to abandon the!r cars and climb over the snow to the Palmer side where other motorists trying to get to Anchorage were also styr!ed. Wesley Grover caught a ride as far as the Matanuska Valley Gar dcns where he was able to get transportation to return part ol the stranded students to Palmer Others were offered a ride by Johnny Gore, who was unable to proceed any further toward Elm endorf AFB. The road remained blocked until about 3:30 am. next morning.
Valley frontiersman., 1952-05-01
Palmer SchccT's First Spring Concert In Uniform Fills Audience With Pride

Over t@1 hundred people avail cd thamsclve ot long awaited mus ed trea. Saturday night when the Palmer School P cscH'- ci Its first prlng concert with the band completely outfI,tcd n neat blue uniforms and the chorus an attractive ensemble of dark skirts and trOuscr white blouscs and shirts. and dark ties.
 Directed by Miss Lois Thonp- son and accompanied bY Miss Jean Burke. the chorus of 36 voices provided good listening for the audience. Their performance was a finished one from the standpoints ot harmony and dis ciplinc. Despite the fact that they were outnumbered two to one, the excellent callber of the male voices. both bass and tenor, vas particularly noticeable. The har- monY was particularly pleasing m tae las. three numbers present d. Brahms On the Lagoon, Fred Warnings arrangement ot Battle Hymn of the Republic and The Orchestra Song
 Discipline in the ranks of the band was apparent on the first motion of Director John Zawal- nickis baton. One could almost hear an invisible sergeant shout ing "Ten-shum"' Hup, two, three four as the 35 band members lifted their instruments in uni son and cut off their final notes with precision.
 Perhaps the best of the gener- ous number of selections offered 10 the audience was Chester Leoni's" Overture c Orientale. From the vivid interpretations given by the instrumentallsts, 1t appeared to be the band 5 favorlte also.
 Richard T. Baker. Anchorage High Schoo, band director. was present at the concert. and grac- iouslv consented to be guest con Cuctor for one of the bands sell ections.
 Excellent solo numbers were presented by Kermit King on tn trombone. Avis Hubbard Peter son on the acordian. and James Jov and Gary Krise on the trur1- net The clarinet Was featured n pleasing duet by Mary Moore ana Rita Hubbard,
 The concert ended in a spectac- ular routine by the talented ma iorettes with little Murici Hanks q third-grader, keeping up nobly with the ten big girls. The MaloI- cites will have 3 chance 70 strut in routine this week end as they lead q marching band in Anch- orage. .,,,5
 All in all the concert called forth the pride of all parents anu friends seated in the audience TOT the splendid accomplishments U represented.
 roErFY ASSURES
Valley frontiersman., 1952-05-01

chell and usherettes. Margaret Cope, Pat Kirsch and Jerry kindRrcn Special thanks are due Al Hagen, whose cooperation in lending the theatcr and obtain
Valley frontiersman., 1952-05-01

There's getting 10 be too close a relationship between the auto- mobile and the coroner.
Valley frontiersman., 1952-05-01

coFFEY ASSURES EvFRYTEIMG REMEMbEh!
Valley frontiersman., 1952-05-01

ing the picture made the P-TA project possible
 coTrrY INSuREs rvERYTHiNGi REMENBER7
Evening star., 1952-12-14
The District Case

A 14-year-old boy named Spotts-
wood Boiling became something of
a symbol to District Negroes last
week when the case of Boiling Ds.
Sharpe was argued in the Supreme
Court.
Spottswood tried in 1850 to en-
roll in the Sousa Junior High
School. He was refused admittance
on the ground that Sousa was for
whites, and was told to attend
Shaw, a junior high for Negroes.
The case was taken to the courts
in his behalf, with Melvin c. Sharpe,
head of the District Board of Edu-
cation, being named as the prin-
cipal respondent.
The crux of the Boiling case is
that the boys constitutional guar
antees against deprivation of "life,
liberty or property without due
process OF law were violated when
he was turned away from Sousa
solely because he was Negro.
The Districts defense last week
lay in the law. Assistant Corpora
ton Counsel Milton Norman said
that ever since the basic school
law was passed in the 1860s there
have been segregated schools, and
that this segregation was required
by law.
His legal opponents countered
that in the first place the law did
not actually require segregation,
Evening star., 1952-12-14

how the people will react, is for
the future to reveal.
Evening star., 1952-12-14
Heart of the Matter

To Negroes fighting last week for
what they consider justice, the
matter before the court was alb
surdly simple. In the words OF
Thurgood Marshall, opening argu-
ments in the South Carolina case,
SLAVERY is perpetuated in these
statutes"
These statutes, so far, have been
protected by the Plessy decision,
details of which are given in an
article elsewhere in this section.
But the Negro point of view on the
separate but equal" doctrine is that
separation is an inequality in it
self. No one, Negro leaders contend,
would seriously suggest that segre-
CATION is practiced for the benefit
of Negroes. They assert that the
practice brands Negroes as second
class citizens" and that segregation
in schools leaves an indelible mark
on the impressionable personality
of the Negro child.
Attitudes Vory
The Jurisdictions affected in the
five cases vary greatly in their atti-
tudes toward segregation. The most
extreme stand is taken by South
Carolina, the most moderate by
Kansas.
South Carolina's constitution con-
tains the uncompromising provision
Evening star., 1952-12-14
Calm in North

After last January'S Cairo riots,
the forced abdication of King
Farouk, the arrest of scores of po-
litical leaders and the ascent to
power of what is essentially mill
tary dictatorship, Egypt could be
expected to be ripe for more mob
violence. But instead of riots, only
vast calm enveloped Egypt last
week when the nations dictator
announced that he had junked the
old constitution and was starting
over from scratch.
The strong man, Gen. Mohammed
Naguib, said he would name COM
mittee to draw up a new constitu-
ton. In the meantime, he said, his
group of army officers and CO.
operating civilian cabinet members
would run the country.
The lack of protest was only
partly due to the fact that Naguib
is firmly in the saddle and could
crush any opposition. More impor-
tant was the fact that Naguib's
government actually enjoys the en-
thusiastic support of almost all
Egyptians. He has given them a
stable government, started clean
out of the old corrupt administra-
tors and has moved toward solu-
ton of Egypt's problems in foreign
relations, particularly those with
England
Naguib said last week Egypt
would get a new parliamentary
government based on a united ef-
fort by all elements Of the nation.
Evening star., 1952-12-14

American people for years to come" I"
He added that the new American
leaders now "know the direction we
are going and the goals we are
aiming for"
Meanwhile, Charles E. Wilson
(Ike's Secretary of Defense), Gen.
Omar Bradley, Admiral Arthur
Radford and others were giving
the military side of the Korean war
and other Far Eastern military
problems going-over in Hawaii.
Ike got there Thursday and Joined
in the final discussions.
From the pace at which the
PreSident-elect was moving, it
appeared doubtful if Eisenhower
would do any more than listen to
MacArthur'S ideas when they meet,
possibly some time this week. For
if Mr.. Dulles statement from the
Helena is true, the Ike strategy is
pretty well settled already.
Evening star., 1952-12-14
Greet Debate II

A MERICANS wondered last week
n If they we're heading into a
stormy re-enactment of the Far
Eastern phase of the Great Debate
of 1851, this time possibly with
President-ele Eisenhower playing
part. The preliminaries sounded
familiar. Gen. Macarthur and
President Truman were in the
leading, antagonistic roles once
more. The bone of contention was
the same: United States policy in
the Far East. Armchair strategiSts
in the Senate were lining up behind
their 1851 favorites.
And, as in 1851, Macarthur cast
the first stone - another out-of-
channels announcement, this time
before a group of industrialists. He
said he had a "clear and definite"
way out of the Korean war, differ
ent from last years edition. He
limited he would like to talk it over
with the President-elect.
Gen. Eisenhower heard of the
Macarthur overture in the mid
Pacific, where he was launching a
series of high-level conferences in
a setting of heavy seas, heavy
cruisers and helicopters. Ike cabled
Macarthur he wanted to hear the
new plan as soon as he got back to
New York.
Sneers-Then q Hoot
President Truman, silent until
Wednesday, merely sneered at first.
Any valid scheme for solving the
Korean problem ought to be
brought to him, the President said.
Then at his press conference Thurs
day Mr.. Truman drew deep breath
and showered both Macarthur and
Eisenhower with one long, raucous
Bronx cheer. The President ven
tured the opinion that Macarthur
probably had nothing worthwhile
or new to offer. He recalled the
unreliable" advice Macarthur had
given him at Wake Island in Octo-
ber, 1850. The President added for
good measure that Ike's junket to
Korea was mere demagoguery.
According to guarded reports
coming from Gen. Eisenhower's
parleys on the cruiser Helena and
in Hawaii, the broad outlines of
Americas Far Eastern policy for the
next four years already have been
set. The political side of the STRAIT
egy was believed to have been
worked out on the Helena, where
Ike worked with John Foster Dulles,
his Secretary Of State: George NJ.
Humphrey, his Treasury Secretary;
Gov. Douglas Mckay of Oregon. hts
Secretary of Interior; Herbert
Brownell, the incoming Attorney
General; Joseph w. Dodge, financial
adviser; Gen. Lucius D. Clay and
others.
Mr.. Dulles said the Helena con-
ferences will pay dividends to the
Evening star., 1952-12-14

THEIR 90-year climb up from
l. slavery brought Americas Ne
groes last week before the bar Of
the Supreme Court.
In that huShed chamber, for three
days, a basic question of States
rights VS.. civil rights was argued
in the urbane tones reserved by ac-
complished pleaderS for perform
ances before the Nations highest
tribunal
Never had the Supreme Court
been asked to come so close to the
heart of the matter. On the facade
of the majestic marble court
building appears the words, Equal
Justice Under Law" Heretofore, de-
cisions involving the rights Of Ne
groes have skirted the basic issue
of what is equal justice.
The Problem
This time the court was asked
to come to grips with this problem:
Is segregation of the races in school
systems legal as long as facilities
are equal? Twenty-one States and
the District of Columbia assert that
it is. Or is segregation itself an
inequality that violates the Consti-
tuition? The increasingly politically
conscious colored community holds
that this is the case.
The court was urged to decide
once and for all. But the court
makes it's own rules and may decide
to skirt the issue again. In any case.
it is likely to be several months
before a decision is handed down.
That decision-if it answers the
questions raised by opposing coun-
sci in last weeks court battle-may
reaffirm the status quo in race rela-
tions. Or it may bring about the
greatest social upheaval since the
Emancipation Proclamation.
Evening star., 1952-12-14
Africa

POLITICALLY speaking, most
i African countries are growing
children. Many are ruled by Euro
pean nations and are struggling
toward independence. And the free
African nations are suffering from
severe growing pains. Last week
Africa was troubled by unsolved
political problems from Cairo to
Capetown.
Evening star., 1952-12-14
The Five Cases

With increasing frequency in
recent years, cases involving the
rights of Negroes have appeared on
court calendars. Earlier this year,
the Supreme Court elected to
handle the question Of racial CO.
education as sort OF package
deal" There were not one but five
cases argued last week. Three varied
in details but were basically SINH
lar; the fourth had no States rights
aspects whatever, and the fifth
differed from all the rest in being
brought by a State instead OF an
individual The five cases may be
identified this way:
Bro10n Us. Topeka Board OF Edn-
cation. Negro pupils in Kansas
sought to overturn the States per-
missive segregation statute. They
lost in Federal District Court and
took the matter to the Supreme
Court solely on the basis of abridge-
ment of constitutional rights.
Briggs Us. Clarendon School DIS
trict Potentially the most explo-
sive of the five cases, this involves
segregation in South Carolina. The
star performers among last weeks
cast of lawyers-Thurgood Marshall
of the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People and
John w. Davis for the South Caro-
lima respondents-held briefs in
this case.
DdUiS DS. Prince EdUGrd County
School Board This relates to the
dual school system of rural county
in South Central Virginia. It and
the preceding cases are. based on
provisions of the 14th amendment,
which the Negro appellants claim
have been violated by the simple
fact of segregation alone.
Boiling US. Sharpe. This case,
involving the segregated schools of
the District of Columbia, has no
States rights aspects and is based
on the fifth, rather than the 14th
amendment. The appellants also
have charged violation of various
Federal civil rights acts and the
United Nations Charter.
Gebhdrdt Us. Belton. The last of
the five cases grew out of Della
ware Supreme Court decision and is
the only one that does not
attack segregation as unconstitu-
tional. It involves the State courts
Interpretation of the Supreme
Courts 1896 Plessy Us. Ferguson
decision on separate but equal"
facilities for the races.
Evening star., 1952-12-14

that mo child of either race shall
ever be permitted to attend school
provided for children of the other
race" Gov. James F. Byrnes-him-
self a former Supreme Court justice
has warned that oyertnrning the
States segregation statute would
result in the end of public educa-
ton in South Carolina. There are
16 other States with segregation
requirements.
Kansas, on the other hand, has
a permiSSive-rather than a man.
datory-law about segregation. Ger
tain school districts are allowed to
impose segregation in education If
they choose. and others may segre-
gate under certain conditions. Three
other States have similar permissive
laws. The other q States, located
in the North and West, have uni
fed school systems and no provi-
sion Of any kind for racial segre-
cation.
CounseIPs Views
Just as the States laws vary, the
attitudes of their counsel varied last
week. Mr.. Davis, arguing the South
Carolina side of the Clarendon case,
said removal of the barrier between
white and Negro children there
would create situation which zone
cannot contemplate with equa-
nimity." Paul E. Wilson, Assistant
Attorney General of Kansas, who
argued for Topeka in the Brown
case, was asked by Justice Frank
furter about the practical difficult
ties Kansas would encounter in
carrying out an order to wipe out
segregation. Mr.. Wilson replied, "In
candor / must say that they prob
ably would be small"
Noteworthy during the arguments
was the interest the justices seemed
to take in the effects their decision
might have on the affected locali-
ties. They seemed to be taking into
consideration, too, the attitude of
other States not directly concerned
in the lawsuit. For instance, Geor-
gia's law is fully as stern as South
Carolina'S, and Georgia'S Gov.
Talmadge has warned that he would
not fplerate integrated public
schools And while an anti-segre-
CATION decision in the Clarendon
case would not be directly binding
on Georgia schools, that State
would Immediately become aware
of the handwriting on the wall.
Which Right Prevoils?
In the Kansas, South Carolina
and Virginia cases the matter was
being fought out strictly on the
question of which right prevails
that of the State or that Of the
individual American citizen. The
14th amendment to the Constitu-
ton guarantees every citizen equal
protection under the laws. This
amendment was one of three passed
after the Civil War primarily for
the benefit Of newly enfranchised
Negroes.
The Negro appellants in the three
cases said their rights under this
Evening star., 1952-12-14

amendment are abridged by segre-
cation. The lawyers for the re-
spondents, however, argued that
the Supreme Court had long upheld
the right of States to segregate the
races provided it was done with
complete equality. In the Kansas
case, at least, both sides admitted
that facilities for Negroes were
equal to those for whites.
Virginia's Attorney General Al
mond, in the Davis case, injected a
financial note in the argument. He
said the counties would have hard
time floating bond issues for un-
segregated school systems and pre-
dicted that decision adverse to
the State would end public educa-
tion in Virginia as it is known today.
Delowores Reverse Twist
The Delaware case had a reverse
twist on the separate but equal"
question. Thirteen Negro students
at schools in Claymont and Hockes-
sin, suburbs of Wilmington, asked
the Delaware courts for relief from
inequalities between their schools
and the white schools. The State
Supreme Court found the schools
unequal and ordered the Negro chill
dren transferred to white schools.
Ethel Bolton, whose name is on the
suit, is at present attending a white
school. The State government con-
tends it is bringing Negro schools
to equality with the white schools
and wants the State Supreme Court
ruling set aside in view of the Plessy
Os. Ferguson separate but equal"
decision.
Evening star., 1952-12-14

and that even if it did, the law
was unconstitutional.
Segregation Here Hit
Regardless of whether segrega-
ton is mandatory or even constitu-
tional, it is an established part of
the Districts social fabric. To this
fact the Negro appellants objected
strongly last week. One lawyer
criticized the practice of segrega-
ton in what he termed "the cap
ital of the free world" Mr.. Kor-
man, for the District, did not
address himself primarily to the
benefits or evils of segregation, but
made his defense of the School
Boards actions principally on the
basis of acts of Congress.
The question whether the sep
arate facilities in the District were
in fact equal did not bulk large in
last weeks arguments. Either side
would have had a good argument
on this subject. With IS per cent
of the Districts population and SIS
per cent of its school enrolment
Negro, overcrowding is more
notable in Division Two" than in
white schools. On the other hand,
school building programs for the
next few years are weighted heav-
lily In favor of Negro schools.
Evening star., 1952-12-14
The Outcome

The riskiest form of predicting
known to man is attempting to
guess what the Supreme Court
will door when: The court
showed earlier this year its ability
to move almost with the speed Of
light when emergency warrants.
That was in the steel case.
It is unlikely that the court will
report so quickly on the five cases
debated last week. How they will
report when decision day rolls
around is of tremendous interest
to whites and Negroes alike.
The most that Negroes can ex-
pect is a complete reversal from
PleSSy Us. Ferguson and adoption
of a ruling that segregation must
cease. The least they can expect
is reaffirmation of the PleSsy
ruling If the court should rule that
constitutional rights are not vio-
lated by segregation alone so long
as equality of education is assured.
The greatest question in the
minds of many Americans-given
a decision outlawing segregation
is emphasized by opposing state
ments made by Mr.. Davis and Mr..
Marshall in the South Carolina
case. MIR. Davis said that tensions
might arise and trouble develop in
the wakes of educational integra-
ton. MIR. Marshall retorted that
the people Of the South "are not
lawless," and can be relied on to
obey the dictates of the Supreme
Court.
It undoubtedly will be spring
perhaps as late as the first Of June
before the Supreme Court renders
its decision. How 1t viii act, and
Evening star., 1952-12-14
Violence in West

Back in 1881, when European
countries were scrambling for Afri-
can colonies, France decided to
move in and restore order" in
Tunisia. In 1912, when there was
further competition for African
territory, France found it desirable
to restore order in Morocco. She
has been running those two coun-
tries ever since.
Most natives of Tunisia and
Morocco have long believed that
France should give them their in
dependence. Last week debate in
the United Nations and bloodshed
in Tunisia and Morocco were bring
ing the question Of independence
closer to head.
Technically, Tunisia and Mo-
Continued on Page 81. Column ~