davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-06-08

dent, said he did so only because
Congress had prescribed other meth
ods to be used in meeting the emer-
gency at hand.
"The limits of the presidential
power are obscure 81" he said. In
my view the Constitution does
grant to the President extensive au-
thority in times of grave and impera-
tive national emergency. In fact, to
my thinking, such grant may well
be necessary to the very existence of
the Constitution itself. :"
Mr.. Clark said the President could
have used the labor dispute provisions
of the Taft-Hartley Act, the Defense
Production Act or the Selective Serv-
ice Act. He even tossed his old boss
a hint on use of the draft law, which
permits seizure only when a COM
pany is stalled in producing defense
orders. Place direct orders with all
the companies for steel used in tanks
and planes. he said, and then seize
them if the strike keeps the COM
panies from producing.
Justice Burton went directly to the
inherent" power issue and said:
1--WE find no such power available
to him (the PresidenD under the
present circumstances. The present
situation is not comparable to that
of an imminent invasion or threat
ened attack. We do not face the
issue of what might be the Presidents
constitutional power to meet such
catastrophe situations"
The other concurring Justices
avoided specific definitions OF the
Presidents emergency powers, if any.
Justices Douglas and jackson said
only that the existing emergency did
not give the President the power Of
seizure.
The Dissenters
The minority opinion, written by
Chief Justice Vinson and approved
by Justices Reed and Minton, also
would become part of the body OF
judicial views on the powers of the
President. Vinson attached great
Importance to the emergency" He
said: Executive inaction in such
situation, courting national disaster.
is foreign to the coScept of energy
and initiative in the executive as
created by the founding fathers"
Referring to the steel case speci-
fcally Mr.. Vinson said Mr.. Truman
Evening star., 1952-06-08

jects. Most of the discussion had
to do with the chances for peace
Che thought them pretty fair). He
did, however, talk back to Senator
Taft, who had charged him with
contributing as Chief of Staff to the
deterioration of American airpower
after World War II. Ike said he
had always favored a strong air
force for America.
Then, in 10-minute ceremony
at the Pentagon, Ike stepped out
of the Army he had served for 81
years. He went back to his suite
at the Statler, changed to double
breasted gray suit and lunched on
lamb chops and asparagus tips with
three of his principle political ad-
visers-Senators Lodge and Duff,
and Paul Hoffman, on leave from
his Ford Foundation job. That
afternoon, he flew to Kansas City,
sen route to Abilene and his rendez-
vous with destiny.
Evening star., 1952-06-08
Prospect

There are certain practical con-
clusions which may be drawn from
ElSenhower'S first week in the
United States as a candidate for
the presidency.
One, to which James Reston of
the New York Times was quick to
call attention, is that Ikeshas shown
himself to be far more effective
IN his impromptu performances
than IN his prepared ones. When
he does what comes naturally he
seems to come across. When he
tries to function according to pre-
conceived plan, he does not come
across. This is a fact which should
stand him in good stead when he
sits down with unpledged conven-
ton delegates, as he is doing now
in New York, and tries to persuade
them he is their man. In his DEAL
ings with the public-whose en-
thuSiasm, or lack of it, may have
a critical effect at Chicago-he can
be expected to work off the cuff as
much as possible. 1t does not seem
likely that making speeches will
turn the trick for Ike.
Another fair conclusion is that,
to the extent that Ike revealed his
political orientation last week, he
revealed that it is right of center.
Some thought he seemed to be
taking more conservative posi-
tion on domestic issues than
Senator Taft was. That might be
an exaggeration. In any event, he
clearly was no Fair Dealer. If he
had done nothing else, he almost
certainly had succeeded in SCOTCH
ing the charge that he was too
close to the Truman administration
to campaign against it.
But the real question remained:
How was he going over as a polit-
ical figure? He might have won
the nomination as an absent hero.
That was no longer a possibility.
Could he win 1t as a present politi.
cian-a politician who had finally
cut himself down to human size2
Evening star., 1952-06-08

acted in an emergency, and since he
kept Congress posted on his action
and asked that law covering the
crisis be passed, the seizure was legal.
Mr.. VinSon and the two Justices who
backed his vigorous dissent said Mr..
Blacks views would make a mes
senger boy" out of the President.
The five concurring opinions and
the three-man dissent show the
danger Of jumping to conclusions as
to what the court might hold in some
future case, in slightly different cir
cumStances. In this case, for in
stance, If Mr.. Truman had exhausted
the possibilities of the Taft-Hartley
Act-and assuming he had asked
Congress for stronger national-emer-
gency strike legislation Che has be-
fore without success)-and if a Sc
rious emergency clearly faced the ma
tion-it seems entirely possible the
Court would have approved the steel
seizure.
Future Effects
The decision. surely, will carry
great weight in future labor-man-
agement disputes. Presidents were,
in effect, instructed to use whatever
laws are already on the books. II
that doesn't do the trick, then Con-
gress must be asked to pass bet
ter law.
But what influence will this court
decision have on American Presi-
dents who want to use their "inher-
ent" powers in other instances?
It seems to boil down to this:
Presidents who itch to act quickly
in an emergency without specific
authority under law or the Consti-
tuition will think twice. There will
be a greater tendency to ask Con-
greSS for authority before the action
rather than depend on later ac-
quiescence.
The court has demonstrated that
a Presidents power is not unlim-
tied. It has shown that the courts
will crack down on any Chief Ex-
ecutive who obviously transgresses
into legislative territory.
But in clear emergency not COW
cred by law-an attack or revolution
or great natural disaster, for in
Stance-a Presidents historic right
and duty to take quick, necessary
action remains mistaken.
Evening star., 1952-06-08

There was little doubt last week
that the Supreme Courts decision in
the steel case was one of the most
important judicial rulings on the
presidency to have been made since
the Nation was an infant. But there
was vast room for argument over the
precise size and location of the fence
the high court had built around the
powers of the President.
AS the experts sank their teeth
into the ruling. one thing gradually
became clear:
The decision did not limit the ac-
tions Of Presidents in all circum-
stances to those specifically author
lied by the Constitution or an act
of Congress. The ruling was not
that broad. despite flock OF early.
hasty interpretations.
No Sweeping Conclusions
It was an important ruling. be-
cause the court had never before
handed down such an opinion on the
vast inherent" powers claimed by
Presidents acting swiftly and inde-
pendently in an emergency. But even
so, as it usually does, the Supreme
Court avoided sweeping dictates of
principle. The decision was aimed
directly at this one, specific instance
of seizure. Broad conclusions were
left up to the students Of Govern
ment.
Immediately at stake was President
Truman's order seizing the steel
mills to avert what he said would be
a national-emergency strike. The
court said the seizure was uncon-
stitutional and Mr.. Truman was
directed to return the mills to their
private owners. He did so at once.
And so that one issue was settled.
Under different circumstances,
however, last weeks six-to-three de-
cision against the President could
have been q five-to-four decision for
him-even unanimous one.
Whot Block Said
The widespread first impression,
that the court had put an end to
historic presidential claims Of broad
emergency powers, was q result OF
over-concentration on the majority
opinion. written by Justice Black.
Presidents. according to this impress
sion, were to be confined in the
future 20 acENns authorized specifi-
cally by law or the Constitution.
Evening star., 1952-06-08

from birth to the White House.
Finally, at pm. Abilene time,
there would be the speech-in
Eisenhower Park, mile outside of
town. The speech was what
counted. For while Ike stood on
that Abilene rostrum, all America
would be at his feet.
The Roins Come
Well, of course, it rained. For an
hour before Ike began to talk, the
rain poured down.. Some 10000 of
those who might have made up the
live audience stayed under shelter
in town. About 5000 did brave the
elements to hear Ike in person. It
was tough break, surely. 1t could
not help but make the local setting
trif1e forlorn. There were still,
however, the millions across the
country, making final adjustments
on their TV dials. They were the
ones who mattered above all, and
they still waited faithfully for the
great moment.
At last the moment came. The
rain had abated. What did they
see?
They saw a nice little old man,
very tired, very worried, very bald
and very wet, swathed to his chin
in a raincoat, peering anxiously at
his manuscript through rain-spat-
tered glasses, reading a pleasant,
uninspiring and wholly unexcep-
tional Speech-reading it, moreover,
without the slightest sense of
dramatic effect and very little ap-
pearance of spontaneous conviction.
Obviously, there is a subjective
quality to impressions of this kind.
Not all of the watchers saw it this
way. Some, whose hopes were
modest, suffered only modest dis
appointment. Faith, for some,
remained so deep as to drown any
Evening star., 1952-06-08

doubts that might stir toward the
level of consciousness. But for
many, the experience was close to
traumatic. Try as they would, they
could not find in the image before
them the heroic figure they had
been encouraged to expect. 1t was
next to impossible to relate this
electronic visitor even to the Eisen-
hover of their memories - the
sturdy, confident soldier with the
jauntily-angled cap and the in
fectious grin. One housewife, as
Ike hurried through his peroration,
turned away in bafflement. why"
she said sadly, "he looks like Bob
Taft. Nicer, but that's ALL"
Faithful Ikemen, when it was
over, had hard time finding the
right things to say about that
speech. Those who came right out
with their feelings Of disappoint-
ment seemed to feel better for it.
The hardest time was had by news
paper editorialists committed to
furthering Ike's candidacy through
fair weather or foul. Some con-
tented themselves with the thought
that they could descry the outlines
of a platform in what Ike had to
say about thrift, the Constitution
and good citizenship. But, in the
end, there was no escaping the fact
that the great moment somehow
had Topped. There was small joy
in Mudville that night. Mighty
Casey had struck out.
Press Conference
Next day, Ike started to come
back. Refreshed, collected and
dry-he stood on the stage of the
local movie house before one of the
largest groups of reporters ever
assembled, and answered their
questions for nearly an hour. This
was an ordeal which, in prospect,
had worried his friends. They had
Evening star., 1952-06-08

been sure Ike could acquit himself
nobly in a prepared address. But
they were afraid he might trip over
the complexities of questions fired
at him from all sides.
AS it turned out, they had assessed
the dangers backward. Where Ike
had fumbled the night before, he
was thoroughly in command of the
situation throughout his Thursday
press conference. He knew what
was going on. His answers were
quick and sure. He skillfuuy
avoided being drawn into discus
sion Of personalities or too deeply,
into detailed commitments on spe-'
cif1c issues. Old hands among his
queStionerS had hard time remem-
bering a more competent PERFORM
ance at press conference of this
sort.
Ike was asked many questions
about domestic affairs. He answered
most OF them. On things like
FEPC, compulsory health insur-
ance and aid to education, a COM
mon thread ran through his state
mentS. He spoke for local respon-
sibility in these fields, as opposed
to the Federal approach. He de-
plored tendency to look to the law
for the solution of too many of our
problems. Some might object that
he was little vague about it all.
but that is politicians prerogative.
And, after all, that was not the
point.
The point was that Ike, in his
manner and performance Thursday.
restored himself somewhat as a
challenging political personality.
How much he restored himself was
matter for debate. It was un-
fortunate for his cause, in this con-
nection, that there was no advance
notice that the Abilene press con-
ference would be televised. Prob.
ably only small fraction of those
who had seen his speech were tuned
In on Thursday morning.
Evening star., 1952-06-08

home again. There are two of us
among 100 million Americans, and
that's good enough"
But was it? AS he entered a
White House car and drove off for
a visit with the Commander in
Chief, that remained the question.
Ike and Mamie were home. But
was that enough?
Business and Pinkeye
Monday was day for winding
up military affairs. To comply with
Army regulations against the mix
ing of politics with active military
duty, Eisenhower asked to be placed
Immediately on the retired list.
The law does not provide retire
ment pay for an officer under 81
years of age, unless the Defense
Department. certifies that loss Of
pay would involve a personal hard
ship. Ike, who is 81, asked spec
cifically that no such certification
be made in his case. He did so in.
order to avoid the kind Of criticism
with which Gen. Macarthur has
had to contend in politicking &C
lively as a uniformed and salaried
United States Army officer. The
move did not bar Eisenhower from
regaining his salary of $19,541 a
year if he should miss out in Chi
cago. It made sense, and provided
Mondays main Eisenhower head
line.
That day, too, Ike conferred with
Pentagon officials and with Secre-
tary of State Acheson, collected
from President Truman a fourth
Oak Leaf Cluster for his Distin-
guished Service Medal-and was
treated at Walter Reed Hospital for
a slight case of pinkeye.
Tuesday, before his retirement
ceremonies began, Eisenhower held
a farewell" press conference in
uniform, limited to military sub
Evening star., 1952-06-08

the occasion his active boosters had
dreamed of for months.
Abilene, on Wednesday, was ready
for the greatest day in it's history.
Here was the most exciting small
town homecoming-so far, at least,
as the world of politics was con-
cerned-since Ulysses S. Grant came
back to Galena, ILL.,, after his trip
around the world. Abilene's 5000
inhabitants expected their town
would pack in $4,000 by speech
time; the telephone company had
installed extra lines for that many
people. (About $4,000 actually
showed up) The town was fes-
tooned with banners and welcome
signs. Pictures of Ike were every
where. Each lamp post had it's
sign-"I Like Ike" or "Ike for Presi-
dent" as the case might be.
National Show
The show was not primarily local
one; Abilene was merely the stage
setting. More than 400 reporters
were to sit in on the proceedings
for the outside world. The ball
room of the Sunflower Hotel pro-
vided working space for 800 of them.
The speech would be carried on five
radio and television networks. Re-
fiector towers had been specially
installed at 30-mile intervals along
the 140-mile road to Kansas City,
so that Ike's image could be pro-
jected on TV to the farthest corners
of the land. Senator Taft was
jealous. No one had ever done any,
thing like that for him.
The plans were complete to the
last detail. There was to be the
laying of a cornerstone for the
100000 Eisenhower Museum, where
1ke's war mementos will be housed.
Then there was a parade to be re-
viewed-floats depicting Ike's life
Evening star., 1952-06-08

TIME situation in which Dwight
l. Eisenhower found himself last
week was not a difficult situation. II
was an impossible one. For months,
as a shining star far beyond the
horizon of worldly politics, he had
been built up, lauded and applauded.
Here, Americans had been assured,
was the one man possessed of all
the qualities of the perfect presi-
dental candidate-magnetism, in
tegrity, stature; executive genius,
political acumen, and an unfathom-
able store of rich, deep wisdom.
Here was the answer to every
voters prayer.
Americans had looked at Ike be-
fore, Of course, but never in quite
this light. Last week, stepping cold
turkey out Of plane from Europe,
straight from job which had pre-
occupied his thoughts and energies,
he was called on to prove that it
was all true. In word and deed
by every little unrehearseda gesture
no less than by each calculated
statement of policy-he was ex-
pected to live up to the challenge
of his advance billing.
OF course, he didn't do It. He
couldn't. No man could. It was not
exactly a bad week for Ike-except
in the sense that it must have
been about as wearing an expert
ence, physically and psychological
ly, as a man can undergo. But it
was not a good week, either. And,
being imperfect, it could not be
anything but disappointing.
The truth was that Ike, coming
home, had no place to 60 in the
esteem of his admirers and in the
expectations of the hopeful-no
place to go but down. BY the end
of this first week, it was plain that
his star was not so bright and sure
as many had thought. 1t also was
plain that the real test still lay
ahead. There were four more weeks
ahead before the Republicans would
choose their standard-bearer in
Chicago.
Probably all that had happened
was a healthy, inevitable readjust-
ment of the Eisenhower boom to
the realities of life. Probably 1t was
Just as well for Ike that the re-
adjustment came while there was
time left to cope with those reali-
ties. In any event, a fact had to be
accepted: The massive upsurge of
public enthusiasm that was sup
posed to attend upon the hero's re-
turn simply did not come off. There
had been no miracle. More and
more, 1t began to look as If Ike, in
his drive to get the nomination,
could not depend on miracles.
He, and his friends, could only de-
pend on hard work-and plenty Of
plain, old-fashioned political horse
sense.
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14
Anchorage Plans
 Another. Sales Tax Vote In 30 Days

Anchorage voters, still seething over last weeks sales tax election, are to be confronted with an iden- tical proposition within 30 days, the city council decided last night.
 The decision followed a dis cussion of recent evidence of re- cent evidence of fraud, laxity in following election rules and procedure, and the fact that a majority of voters favored the measure.
 The school board is to be in vited to present a similar propo- sition to the voters at the same time.
 The previous resolution provi- ded for one percent levy on all sales and services not exempt, to raise $3,1OO,OOO and $2,OOO,OOO would go for street improvement, $800,000 for municipal buildings, and $300,000 for a civic center.
 The school district levy pro- vided for a similar one percent to raise $5,0OO,OO0 for school buildings.
 The city sales tax failed by nine votes and the school tax by Al votes of the 55 percent necessary for passage, although both had a majority of votes in favor.
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14
Sitka's Blarney Stone Remounted by Rotary
The VerStovian (Sitka)

1llS VGISlOVldll lSILkdJ
 Kluch-e-nay's Grindstone, or, as more commonly called, Bara- nofs Rock or the Blarney Stone, has been remounted by the Sitka Rotary Club and placed on the edge of the Sheldon Jackson cam pus across Lincoln Street.
 The stone is one of the very few historic culture objects in Sit ka around which are woven Thlinget, Russian and American legends.
 The Rotary Club has also noun ted nearby a cross section of a giant Sitka spruce. This section is about seven and a half feet in diameter and is from one of the largest trees ever felled in this part of Alaska.
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14
in shade outdoors.

Tn shade outdoors.
 Clean washer, after dyeing, by filling it with clean hot water and running it on the last rinse for automatic washers or a short time for wringer machines, using a small amount of soap in both cases.
 Woolens should not be dyed in the washer because the action may "mat" the fibers. The washer is perfect, on the other hand, for Whitex, the whitening preparation for yellowed white nylons, silks, rayons, linens, woolens and cottons.
 A leaflet giving details on dyeing in washers is available gratis at all-fabric dye counters, advises the TinteX bureau. .....
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14

need relioble answers to your "crisis questions" this yeor! get them in
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14
TO MUCH FLUORIDE

TOKYO, (P) - Japan is one country where they don't have to add fluoride to the water to stop tooth decay.
 The welfare ministry says Ja- panese in 42 or Japan's 46 perfec- lures are drinking water with too much fluoride with the result that many have mottled teeth.
 Japanese scientists did not find this out, however, until the gov- ernment actually began a project in Kyoto Prefecture to add fluo- ride to drinking water. Scientists blame the fluoride condition of the water on Japanese volcanoes.
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14
When Washer is Filled ,Uifh WafeT - Pour Dye into If

Dissolve the dye in a quart jar or pitcher of very h o t water, using a wooden stick or S poon to stir. If your washer is auto- matic, pour the solution S into
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14

any color to a different hue, or if the article is unevenly faded, stained or spotted. Use a separate vessel for the color remover, since the washer requires so much water that it weakens the action of the remover.
 Employ the hottest water avail able in your machine. It will pay you to pre- heat the machine by op- erating 1t for a few minutes and then draining the water.
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14

By no means s h ou d you wiring dyed arti- cle either manu- ally or in the ma- c h ne. J u s t squeeze out ex- cess water gen. tly and hang ar- ticle indoors or
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14

Bees sometimes travel as far as eight miles to reach flowers with nectar.
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14

the machine after enough water has come in to completely cover the article. Then run the machine through the regular washing cycle Qonger, if possible) and set to the last rinse. After machine has com- pleted the rinse, either spin-dry or remove article and squeeze out water gently. Procedure for the wringer-type machine is the same, except that you'll have to stop the machine from time to time to see if article has been dyed to desired depth.
 RemOre Article and Gently
 SGueeze Out Excess Wafey
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14
Let Your Washer Do Double Duty;
 Here's H low to Use It for Dyeing

you've discovered how easy bulky articles in your wash ing machine you'll find these latest Tntex Home Eco
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14

monies Bureau of value m getting even better results.
 To determine amount of dye needed, weigh article while dry = and better not use the washer for items above 4la lbs.
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14
DissGlrp Dye in Quart Jar

SUCK to all- fabric dyes be- cause so many dreS SC S, cur tains, drapes, slip covers and other articles come Tn man. r,oIa fhorc nr
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14

mixtures of natural and synthetic fibers.
 You'll need two boxes of 15c all- fabric dye for articles of 12 ounces or less of light-colored cottons, lin- en, silk and viscose rayon - with twice the amount for dark colors. Articles made of nylon and acetate rayon need a little extra dye for lighter colors and up to three times the amount on the very darkest colors. If you're dyeing any fabric black, use six 15e boxes for weights Of 12 ounces or less. Weights above F ounces, of course, require pro- portionately more dye
 Let Machine Run Through Regulay
The Nome nugget., 1952-05-14

Always wash and rinse arti- cles thoroughly before dyeing. Better use col or remover first ifyou'r chang ing a dark-col-
 ored article to a lighter shade