davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
The Illinois Primary

Senator Tafts overwhelming victory yester-
day in the Republican primary in Illinois
provided an impressive display of political
strength.
While the Ohioan, supported by the State
Republican organization, had been expected to
win the party primary 1t had not been so gen.
orally predicted that he would snow under his
opposition by such conclusive totals Returns
that are still incomplete this morning indicate
that the Senator outran the combination Of all
his opponents by about three to one. Former
Governor stassen, with a place on the ballot,
was beaten about six to one. General Eisen-
hover, for whom write-in campaign had been
started rather late but which was pressed
vigorously, was defeated about seven to one.
1t was conclusive, in other words, that the
Republican voters of this important electoral
State currently prefer Mr.. Taft as the party
nominee. 1t was showing that should lead
review carefully their own plans and strategy.
In the Democratic race, Tennessee's Senator
Kefauver had no opposition on the ballot but
there had been agitation for a write-in vote for
Governor Stevenson. Given no encouragement
by the Governor the movement did not produce
much strength yesterday. While it Is rather
surprising there was not a greater spontaneous
stood that in event he does enter the presidential
race the Illinois delegation will support him in
convention. Meanwhile, the result provides
another substantial addition to the Kefauver
string of victories.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
Teacher Supply and Demand

The continuing seriousness OF the teacher
shortage is startlingly evident when the figures
on teacher supply and demand are considered.
The disturbing statistics are contained in the
latest report of the National Education Associa-
tons National Commission on Teacher Educa-
ton and Professional Standards. The situation,
in brief, is that only $4,000 new elementary
teachers will come from the Nations training
courses this year to meet demand for 100000
of these teachers. It Is a problem OF Nation
wide proportions for which there is no easy
solution.
The commissions survey showed that twice
as many elementary teachers are quitting their
jobs each year as are graduating from normal
schools and colleges. In addition about 10000
teachers are needed to relieve overcrowding and
10000 to take care of increased enrollments. The
plight of the high schools is less acute The
shortages inevitably mean the employment OF
temporary teachers whose qualifications are
below regular standards of the profession. The
study revealed that whereas 48 white and SIS
Negro teachers received certificates emitting
them to teach in Washington last year, there
was demand here for lot white and So Negro
elementary teachers. The situation In many
other localities was much worse
The commission Is vigorously opposed to any
lowering of the professional standards of
teachers as means of increasing the supply.
It favors instead higher pay and better working
conditions for teachers and recruiting move
ment participated in by teachers themselves.
by parents and by citizens generally. There has
been a general raising of teachers salaries in
recent years and lettering of working con-
dtions as new schools and more classroom space
became available. But there has been no rush
of applicants for teaching jobs. The sad fact
is that teachers pay although gradually on the
upgrade, is still substantially below that to be
had in numerous jobs in private industry for
easier work. While that gap remains teachers
cannot be blamed for leaving the schools. Nor
are young people likely to respond enthusiast
tically to the recruiting efforts proposed by the
commission "
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
Letters to The Star

although one of it's members, the Pet
worth Association, advocates its con-
tinuance.
The Sixteenth Street Highlands
Citizens Association. which is not
a member of the council but is con-
tiguous to the recreation area in which
the amphitheatre is located, passed a
resolution favoring the continuation of
the production this summer. (This was
enormously reported in The Star as the
action of the BrightWood association)
During arguments on the motion it was
stated that the cultural value of the pro-
duction and the entertainment 1t pro-
vides for thousands more than offsets
the selfish interests of some of SO or more
persons who object to it.
Harry M. Dengler,
President Sixteenth Street High
lands Citizens Association.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
Navy Is Smoothing Out Rough Landings
By John A. Giles

IF THE United States Navy had known
l. then what it knows now, the Nor
mandy landings and other rough-water
invaSionS of World War II would have
been smoother operations.
Once a foothold was gained on Oma-
ha Beach, huge concrete docklike Struc-
lures were towed in and set up to per-
nit the Allies to land supplies. To tame
the surf, ships were run aground or sunk
in rows in shallow water to form break
waters. But the first big storm made a
mess of these landing aids.
Since then the Navy says it has de-
veloped a contraption that literally
turns wave around so it will trade
blows with another wave. Rear Admiral
J. B. Jelly. chief of the Bureau Of
Yards and Docks, reports the wave
fighting device can be installed and Sc
curely anchored in matter OF hours
whereas the Normandy surf-taming mis-
adventure required days.
In testimony before House Appro-
priations Subcommittee, Admiral Jelly
had this to say about the new equip
ment:
1T is so devised that it turns the wave
itself and the waves are canceling each
other out. 1t is not like breakwater,
where it depends upon the strength of
the breakWater to break up the waves.
This contraption turns the wave
around and the waves are fighting each
other. This is the first time it has been
thought of and tried-using the force
of the waves to break the succeeding
waves. You get about IS per cent re-
duction in force"
The invention has its peacetime values,
too. Tests are being made on the West
Coast to determine how it stands up as
shock absorbing system for piers.
Admiral Jelly also revealed in testi-
mony just released that the Navy also
is experimenting with packed, pull
verified snow as airfield construction
material.
Speaking of the heavy equipment used
for this purpose, Admiral Jelly said:
I'VE can also use it to make roads.
Where we have or 10 feet of snow.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
Bloody but Unbowed

John Russell Young had planned to retire
when his third term as District Commissioner
expired in June of 1949. But he became the
target OF a newspaper attack designed to pre-
vent his reappointment. It was this attack on
his competence that Influenced the President to
reappoint him as sort of gesture of vindication
and demonstration of personal confidence In
accepting Mr.. Young planned to resign before
his term ran out. But that step was delayed
again and again. He did not want to quit under
fire.
He is not quitting under fire now But at
the tail end OF his fourth term, he is leaving UNI
der tlre-for he has no alternative. At the out
set of his administration he assumed-under the
informal arrangement at the District Building
for the division of duties-jurisdiction over the
Police Department. AS head of that department
he has shared responsibility for conditions ex-
posed by the Senate investigation, and the end
OF the investigation is not yet in sight. There
Is difference OF course, between personal and
official culpabity. Mr. Youngs integrity has not
been touched. But he has been tarred by the
same brush that has been at work on the Police
Department because he is the head of that de-
partment, and this he cannot escape
Mr.. Young stayed in Office too long. He
probably knows that as well as anybody else
There is certain tribute to his character in
the fact that he would not leave when the going
was rough. He has good record ON the whole
as Commissioner. He has shouldered in silence
the blame for some Of the things that were not
his doing, for he has never tried to alibi himself
out Of hot water. In spite of his difficulties of
recent years, he will leave the District Building
with more firm friends who believe In him than
when he assumed Office. If his head is bloody.
1t Is still unbowed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
Chevy Chase Community BUILDING

Here are some pertinent facts about
the Chevy Chase Community Building
that argue against its sale for real es-
tate development to increase District
revenue through taxes:
The lots where this building is To-
Gated are in the subdivision created
and developed about 1907 by the Chevy
Chase Land Co. In the deeds are re-
strictive covenants prohibiting stores,
apartments, row houses, etc. A builder
proposed to erect an apartment build
ing here but was barred by the COW
enants. The vacant lots on the east
side of Connecticut avenue Immediately
south of the center have been sought
by a builder also and he too has been
barred.
The purchaser will require a condi-
tional sales agreement guaranteeing
him the unqualified use of the property
for stores and apartments and that. in
my opinion, cannot be done.
James H. Gordon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
Railroad Engineer

chair that stands here on the porch
is all
He has of sun and 1Dind and driving
rain,
He sees the ivy creep along the old rock
UGH
And measures time BY dull and con-
slant pain
That holds hin, fast. once his daily run
Spanned fourth OF continent; he
kneiu the song
OF rushing mountain ,Oind and he ,Das
one
With his throbbing engine Now days
are long
And marked with sameness: Within his
chair
He hears the sharp identity OF the
quail,
And longs for sloD train whistles on
the air
and wheels that hurtle do,Un shining
rail.
Alma Robson Hisbee
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09

instead of trying to use pillow and
going down to the ground, we build a
road on top of the snow"
The Army, meanwhile. has come up
with power plant heater unit" to be
mounted on a motor vehicle to preheat
the battery, oil, etc, and make the
motor purr at the first touch of the
starter button even in temperatures Is
degrees below zero. The rub is that each
unit costs $500.
Then the Army's Chemical Corps has
developed a sort of washing powder
which is used to impregnate clothing
against poison gas. 1t seeks So million
to buy supply of the powder which is
dissolved and placed in what amounts
to laundry machine with soldiers
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
"TAKOMA PARK, Md.
Dear Sir:

Dear Sir:
IT was very much interested in your
article regarding cedar waxWings.
had an experience with these birds some
DAYS ago that was rather puzzllng to
me and your opinion in the matter
would be interesting.
ION the afternoon of March II, be-
tween 4:30 and o'clock, to be exact.
started a trash fire which got away
from me, and I called the local Fire
Department, which very promptly got
it put out.
after the engine had departed, l
determined to complete my trash burn
ing, as there was no possible chance OF
it's getting out of hand again.
"As stood watching the fire, noticed
1 had company, number, at least Is or
30 small birds, perched in nearby tree,
all apparently watching the fire.
"They stayed in the tree, coming and
going, but always facing the fire. There
is a holly tree nearby, and they would
perch in it awhile, then come back to
watch.
.They kept this up until the fire was
all out. at which time most OF them left,
although few stragglers remained for
a sufficient time for me to come to the
house and get my binoculars so could
get a closeup and determine what
they were.
ION close observation I could tell they
were undoubtedly cedar waxwings. Later
on I saw them eating the blossoms in
a nearby red maple tree. In years
gone by I have seen them eating the
petals Of apple blossoms.
my query is this: Do you suppose
they were actually attracted byA the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
jeanette Nj. Wright.
Wisconsin Analysis

Gould Lincoln's analysis of the Wis
consin situation Is simply Eisenhower
propaganda. There was no lily in the
ointment" in the fact that Taft, did not
win a majority. AS Mr.. Lincoln knows,
being long in the game, Wisconsin is
one of those States where voters may
cross party lines in the primary some
times for very negative purpose of vot-
ing against the candidate whom they
hate most. That was certainly done this
time, and two leading Wisconsin papers.
the Milwaukee journal and the Madison
Capital Times, both advocated it. Mr..
Warren got most of that vote, which
would not in any case be Republican in
the fall. That should have been included
in any article portending to "analyze"
the situation out there.
Albert C. Schwarting.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
Next NATOChief

There is good reason to accept the report
that General Eisenhower has already asked to
be relieved as supreme commander of the North
Atlantic Treaty forces in Europe. And even If
this is not the case, there is no reason to doubt
that such a request will be forthcoming in the
immediate future.
The result is that the choice of General
EisenhowerS successor becomes matter OF
considerable urgency.
The best man for the job, in The Stars
opinion, is General Alfred M. Gruenther, who
has rendered distinguished service in Paris as
General Eisenhower's chief of staff. 1t is not at
all certain, however, that he will get the post,
and indeed, there is considerable doubt that
he will be chosen.
If rumor and speculation can be taken
seriously General Matthew B. RldgWay is most
likely to get the assignment. variety OF rea-
sons-none of them impressive-have been ad-
vanced in support of the view that he is the
logical choice He has rendered splendid service
as United Nations commander in Korea ana as
the head of the Allied command In Japan The
assignment in japan is almost at an end ana
truce in Korea may be imminent. In short,
General Ridgway may soon be without COM
mand in the Far East that is commensurate
with his rank And General Gruenther, 1t Is
said, has never held a major command.
The truth of these things can be readily
conceded But what bearing have they on what
should be the central question-who is better
fitted to take over the NATO command? Gen
eral Ridgway, with all of his competence, would
still be a stranger to the job, working among
strangers 1t would take him weeks to acquire
the necessary background and to establish the
essential contacts
General Gruenther, however, is also man
of very exceptional competence. And he has
been in the NATO project from the beginning
He knows the job inside and out. Even more
important he knows the diverse personalities
with whom any NATo commander must work
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09

and he has demonstrated his ability to get
along with them.
These are the considerations that make him
the best qualified man for the job And they
are vastly more important than any considera-
tions of prestige or former command. If the
controlling consideration in this matter is a
desire to do everything possible to insure the
success of the NATO undertakng-and that
should be the controlling consideration-then
General Eisenhower will be succeeded by the
man whom he is said to prefer as his successor
General Gruenther.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
Indifference to the FLAG

It was great parade-colorful floats,
stirring band music, and yet it was
marred by disrespect to our country's
flag.
Time and time again our colors filed
past and I was appalled, at the little
effect that this had on the great ma
jority. Men left their heads covered
and girls continued their patter among
themselves.
What has happened to us Americans?
It may be we'll for all Of us to read
again these lines written by Henry H.
Bennett:
Hats off!
Along the street there comes
A blare OF bugles. ruff1e of drums,
A flash of color beneath the sky:
Hats off,
The flag is passing BY"
Joseph ]. DAYS,
Executive Staff,
Boy Scouts of America.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09

clothing. Free chlorine is released in this
process and the clothing comes out
"impregnated."
1T affords the foot soldier protection
from toxic vapors," reported Major L.
D. Martin of the Chemical Corps The
soldier wears a gas mask which &.
allows him to move through vapors or
through. very light concentrations.
1T does not afford protection against
spray, or, if he is in bush. where large
amounts of mustard (gas) fall on his
clothes, it will penetrate"
However, Congress is not always i'm
pressed with such new and revolutionary
gadgets, as is attested to by the hefty
slashes taken in military spending re-
quests.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
Echoes Used to Locate
Tumors in Human Body
Scientists Discover Growths
By Ultrusonic Beam Bursts
By Thomas R. Henry

The human body is being probed with
echoes.
BY what is fundamentally the same
technique of echo sounding used to find
mountain tops and deep valleys on the
floor of the sea it is now possible to
locate tumors and other abnormal
groWths.
This advance has just been reported
to the American Association for the
Advancement of Science here by Drs.
John j. Wild and John M. Reid. cleo
trical engineers Of the University of
Minnesota. They worked under a re-
search grant from the National Institutes
Of Health.
Work With UltrasOnic Beams.
They work with ultrasonic beams,
instead of audible sound. The echo diff
fers, depending on the type of tissue.
The problem has been to differentiate
the echoes received from tumors in
various organs from those which ordi-
narily come from those parts of the
body.
Their initial studies, the University
OF Minnesota electrical engineers re-
port, have dealt with common tumors
arising in the human stomach. brain
and breast.
The new technique, which may be of
Unreasonable value to medicine, Is
known as echography.
THE basic principle" they say, sis
the driving of bursts of sound energy
into tissues. Sound travels through It's
sues as pressure waves so that the
effects are entirely mechanical. If the
power of the pressure waves and the
period of application are kept low, no
damage results.
Charges Generated.
I'm between the bursts of sound
energy, which are generated by a piezo-
electric crystal, echoes returning from
the tissues strike the same crystal and
electric charges are generated. These
charges are amplified greatly and are
made to modify beam of electrons
sweeping back and forth on the face
OF television screen. A trace is thus
produced which can be observed with
the naked eye and photographed for
permanent recording"
At present 1t appears possible to To-
cate an abnormal growth, the engineers
report, but they believe that with fur
Their perfection Of the apparatus it will
be possible actually to produce a pic
ture of its outlines on the television
screen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
Questions and Answers

any question Of fact by either writing The
Ev 1T star Information Bureau. 1900 I street
NV. washington, d. c., and inclosing 3 cents
return postage or by telephoning ST 1868
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

~ is all the pen1c1lltn now In use
obtained from the original quantity
produced by Sir Alexander Fleming. its
diScoverer?-H. H.
A. No. Up to 1943 all penicillin pro-
duced was derived from Fleming's orig
1nal strain. but in that year, in Illinois,
mold growing on cantaloupe found
in a Peoria market was tested and
eventually produced 10 times as much
penicillin as the original.
@. How large is the debt owed to the
United States by foreign countries and
what repayments are being made?-
L. CT.
A. Total Indebtedness of foreign
countries to the United States Govern
ment now exceeds $40 billion. Payments
on this Indebtedness including interest
as now scheduled amount to $3.50 bill
lion over the next 40 years. Major
debtors are the United Kingdom and
France. Together they owe almost 70
per cent of total indebtedness-the
United Kingdom accounting for ap-
proximately so per cent and France 20
per cent.
Q. 1t was recently stated that the 300
inch telescope in conjunction with the
Big Schmidt telescope had photographed
nebulae billion light years distant.
How much is this in miles?-H. E. P.
A. A light year represents approx
mately 6 million million miles. There
fore billion light years would be rep
resented by the figure followed by
81 zeros.
@. How did the influenza epidemic Of
World War I compare with other great
epidemics in the worlds history
r. j. A.
A. The 1918 epidemic is said to rank
next to the plague Of AID. 542 and the
black death of the 18th century in
violence. Total deaths were placed at
81 ,642, $50, of which nearly Is million
were in Asia.
@. Why are the largest animals
found in the sea and not on land?-
H. j. c.
A. 1t is because in water there is no
problem Of support Bones are not strong
enough to support on land a creature
as large as a whale nor is there muscu-
lar development capable OF moving such
q huge mass.
@. What county in Georgia is named
after a woman?-D.K
A. Hart County and the town of Hart
we'll were named in honor Of Nancy
Hart, the Revolutionary War heroine.
Hartwell is the seat Of Hart County,
the only county in the State named
after a woman.
@. What was the first tune recorded
on a phonograph?-E. v. r.
A. Mary Had Little Lamb" This
was recorded on Thomas A. Edison's
"phonograph or speaking machine" pat
ented in 1878. The machine employed
a cylinder and was operated by hand
crank.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09

Pen-names may be used If letters carry
WriterS' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-04-09
One Toe for D. c. Cars?

Couldn't the District government ef-
feet an appreciate saving by issuing
only one automobile license plate every
other year? If this policy were adopted
all over the Nation, not only would
money be saved, but metals also, which
is perhaps just as important.
jeanette Nj. Wright.
Editors note: Law-enforcement agen-
cies favor front and rear licenses for
identification purposes and District au-
thorities concur so long as there is no
shortage here Of the low-grade steel
used in tags.)
Arizona sun., 1952-09-19
Israel Signs
Restitution
Agreement

The Government of the State of
Israel and the Conference on
Jewish Claims against Germany
today signed an agreement reg
ulating the arrangements for the
implementation of the agreement
signed today by West Germany
with the Government of Israel
and the Conference on Jewish
Material Claims Against Germany.
The agreement was signed in New
York City by Ambassador Abba
Eban, for the Government Of
Israel and Mr.. Jacob Blaustein,
president of the American Jewish
Committee, Mr.. Frank Goldman,
president of B'nai Birth, DR.. Is
rael Goldstein, president of the
American Jewish Congress, and
Mr. Adolph Held, president of the
Jewish Labor Committee, on be-
half of the conference presidium.
Arizona sun., 1952-09-19
Field Needs
'Groy Ladies'

Luke needs "Gray Ladies'.
That's the word from Mrs. w.
S. Carlyle, Luke chairman of the
American Red Cross organization
known as the "Gray Ladies'"
These women contribute their
spare hours helping out in the
obstetrics clinic and various
wards i'm the base hospital.
"We only have eight women
doing this voluntary work at
present and we need several
more, especially for assistance in
the OBJ Clinic which has been
cver-pOpulated since the recent
surge i'm Luke's birth rate" Mrs.
Carlyle urged.
Any women interested in be-
coming Gray Ladies should call
Mrs. Carlyle Immediately at Base
Extension 400. The next training
class for prospective Gray Ladies
will be presented early next
month by the Phoenix Red Cross
chapter. The class will consist
of two short lectures, Mrs. Car
lyle said.