davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-09-04
BY the Asseeiofed Press

BALTIMORE, Sept. 4.-Mary.
lands motion picture censors say
they must go on shipping films
because Hollywood's morals are
slipping.
The boards right to censor has
been questioned under a new
Supreme Court decision.
The censors struck back in thei1
annual report to the Governor
yesterday, saying:
Certain Hollywood companies
faced with intense competition
within their own ranks. in addition
to the scare of television, have
recently been deviating from the
(decency) code to which they long
have been parties.
Increasing numbers of Mary
land citizens and organizations are
advising this board they oppose the
so-called free screen sought by
special interests in question. Like
the board. they believe a free
screen does not include obscenity,
immortality and melting to crime.
The censors, headed by Sydney
r. Traub, a Baltimore attorney,
said foreign films are even more
a problem.
They did not say what they
Evening star., 1952-09-04
Kiln Club Opens Ceramics
Show Here Tomorrow

Artists from 20 countries will
show their work in the Washing
ton Kiln Clubs third annual
ceramics exhibition, which opens
in the Natural History Building of
the Smithsonian Institution.
Three sections of the exhibit
will be devoted to local, national
and foreign artists. Work for the
local section is to be submitted
on Tuesday to an awards jury.
Judges are DR.. Edwin Kirk, of
the National Museum, Bruce Et-
Gibson. of the Washington County
Museum of Fine Arts In Hagers-
town. and Reuben Kramer, direc-
tor Of the Baltimore Art Center.
Evening star., 1952-09-04
Maryland Film Censors Report
Deviation From Decency Code

lmeant by a "free screen" but the
most recent Supreme Court de.
lcision ruled movies are subject tt
the same constitutional guarantee.
of freedom as speech and the
IpreSS.
Maryland's attorney general
Hall Hammond. expressed the
opinion after this decision that
the Maryland censors seemed tc
be without power to cut films
except for those which are obscene
and indecent. The court had
ruled specifically a film could not
be outlawed simply because it was
sacrilegiouS.
Evening star., 1952-09-04
y. W. Bishop Named
Army Deputy Counselor

Joseph w. Bishop, 205 South
Lee street, Alexandria, Va, has
been named deputy counselor fo1
the Army Department..
He succeeds Fred Korth, now
Assistant Secretary.
The Army also announced yes
terday the appointment of Ber-
nard A. Monaghan of Birming-
ham, Ala, as counselor, succeed
ing Francis Shackelford, who is
returning to law practice in At
lanta, Ca.
Evening star., 1952-09-04
ADVERTISEMENT.
Mrs. Richard ArIen
Puts On Blue Bonnet
-Admires F.N.E.!

Every mother can use this sugges.
ton from Mrs. Richard Arlen. Put
on BLUE BONNET Margarine and
get F.N.E.-Flavor, Nutrition,
Economy! Like the wife of the noted
Hollywood star, you will love the
delicate, sunny. sweet taste BLUE
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appreciate its nourishment, too. No
other spread for bread is richer in
year-round Vitamin A! And you'll
welcome its economy. Two pounds
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member the letters Fl. N. e!
Buy AA-Vegetabie BLUE BONNET
Margarine and get 'all three
Flavor! Nutrition! Econom-e.e!
Evening star., 1952-09-04
|GI Insurance Premiums
Made Puyuble to VA

Checks made out by veteran.
to pay premiums on their Govern.
lment insurance now may be made
payable to the Veterans Admin.
IiStration.
Heretofore, it was necessary to
make them payable to the Treas
urer Of the United States. Because
OF this many veterans were mail
ing their checks to the Treasury
Department.
Evening star., 1952-03-02

lucky, but he would be unsatisfac-
tory to many Southern Democrats
because of recent Supreme Court de-
cisions. Bids made for the Russell
groups support may be expected
from managers Of the other candi-
dates.
Senator Russell might figure inn
portantly in the presidential elec-
tion. too, If the Republican National
Convention picks Gen. Eisenhower
for its nominee. If he believes the
general is strong enough to defeat
Mr.. Truman or another Fair Deal
Democrat, Senator Russell might de.
eide to abandon any plans to head a
Dixieerat ticket In November On
the other hand, II the Republicans
nominate Senator Taft of Ohio, or
sofie other candidate whom Senator
Russell felt might be defeated by
MI Truman, the Georgian might be-
come an independent Democratic
candidate, On q bixieeFat slate,
Senator Russell would have Feasehz
able certainty Of forcing the House
OF Representatives 10 decide the elee-
tleH, which 1t must do If no eahdi-
date gets the necessary 266 for elee-
ton,
In le4e, the BixieeFats hoped Gov,
FhuFmend's candidacy would do Just
Evening star., 1952-03-02
By Hugh Russell Froser

oil industry, which was just getting
under way when the Nazis took over
in 1898, is in the Soviet zone. That
alone is a tremendous asset. In ad-
dition, the Soviet has taken over
more than $50 Austrian enterprises
under the pretense of seizing German
assets, permissible under the PotSdam
agreement. Soviet propaganda is in
f1ltrating the schools. Attendance by
school students at Russian Aim
shows is compulsory.
The signs all point one way. The
Soviet Union is looking to the day
when Austria will be partitioned, with
Russia getting outright the indus
trialized eastern zone.
Vienna is in the Russian zone.
Yet, surprisingly enough, the ancient
city operates effectively as the cap
ital of republic which has almost
complete sovereignty over its in
ternal affairs. True, the republic
cannot alter the Potsdam agreement,
or prevent the Russians from CON-
fiScating industries In their zone.
Nor can 1t make the Russians, British
and French pay the occupation costs
Of their own troops. tOnly the
United States pays for its own oeeu-
patton e0stsJ
But the Vienna government ether-
wise has complete freedom Trade
moves freely, between the four Benes,
as do persons, Austrian legislation
can ehiy be upset by unanimous eeh-
sent of the four occupation powers,
Therefore, since Russia and the
Western powers rarely agree, the
Vienna government has pretty much
Of a free hand In internal affairs,
The outward signs of. recovery tea
day In Austria are ehVieHsi Shops
along the KaltherstFasse are eFaRa-
med with luxuFies, The gayety Of
old Vienna Ia returning, Coed feed
and wine are plentiful and cheap,
Yet inAatien ls q real danger,
Wages are low, although they kept
pace with prices generally until le4e,
The first three OF five wage-price
aereemeHt1 were successful But the
Evening star., 1952-03-02

Propaganda storm clouds are gath
ering over Austria again. While the
Big Three foreign ministers were hav-
ing another talk last week about the
long overdue peace treaty for the
Austrians, the Russians were steam
ing up their own propaganda calliope.
Pravda charges that the West is
proposing to write separate peace
treaty with Austria. This is nonsense.
but nonsense has never been cause to
shut off Russian propaganda pitch
in the past. More nonsense is COM
ing from the top Red official in
Vienna, 1t. Gen. v. P. Sviridov, who
master-minded the Soviet coup
d'etat in Hungary. Gen. Sviridov
is now repeating his old charges
that the Western powers are
seeking to militarize their occupation
zones. He knows this is not true.
He has been challenged time and
again by the Americans and British
to come and see for himself. But he
is always ''too busy"
This Soviet buildup about Austria
Is causing diplomats in the United
States, Britain and France to wonder
II Russia Is planning some new move.
Perhaps Ia anticipation of such a
move, Mr.. Aches0n, Mr.. Eden and
Mr.. Schumaf1 eat down In Lisbon last
week to work out an abbreviated
treaty with Austria for presentation
to the Russians. The United States
was reported proposing that fepafa.
tiehs claims be Feheuheed, that sug.
Eestiens OF specific Austfiahs' war
guilt be dropped, and that the French,
British, United States and Russian
occupation armies be withdrawn
There's net much heee that the
Russians viii 90 for this They haven't
before But the meVe dees have pfep=
agahda advantages for the Bic Three
The Russian line of talk can be ehal-
lehged by Aetieh=a renewed attempt
by the Western powers to get q treaty
genuinely beneficial TO the Austriahs,
Austria itself, for the fiFst time in
six years, Is raising a voice on its ewA
behalf, II is calling on the werld to
take note Of its demand for freedom,
The reasons behind Austria's despeF-
etc appeal are ebvtpus; Marshall
Evening star., 1952-03-02
BY heward 1, putkIn

members OF the Jury. The only other
persons In the f66tf1 ale the efese=
eutef and perhaps an assistant and
a steh6tyBistr
All are sworn 10 secrecy except the
witness, Whe merely takes an cath
10 answer questions tfuthfully Once
a witness Is dismissed after testlfyiAg
he may relate any information on
incidents he chooses, but usually he
is so impressed with the air Of secrecy
that he has no comment 10 make to
the eager neWspapermen gathered
around outside,
LewyeF on Call
The witness has a right to legal
counsel, but his lawyer may not en-
ter the jury room with him, From
time to time during interrogation,
the witness may step outside for a
word with his attorney before con-
tinuing testimony. The prosecutor
opens proceedings by having the
witness identify himself, then
launches into series of questions
aimed at providing a prima facie
case against whomever may be under
suspicion. Only the prosecution side
is presented. The defendant, in the
event the jury feels there is reason
able grounds for an Indictment will
have his day when the case is heard
in a trial court before petit (12-
NAM jury.
The witness, of course, may invoke
his Constitutional right against self
incrimination and may refuse to
answer questions on this ground.
There is no clear-cut definition as to
just how far this safeguard extends.
but in the light of recent court
opinions 1t gives the witness a wide
latitude in selecting just what in
formation he does not care to divulge.
There is no legal limit to the length
of time witness may be kept under
Evening star., 1952-03-02
Budup Starts for One More Try Bring Peace to Austria

economy, the output Of Welser Paper
fabrik for export jumped from 2.450
tons a year to 5000 tons. The COM
pany is now making money.
Exports are what Austria needs to
survive Like Britain, she has no
other alternative. Yet, unlike Brit
ain, she has few items to export
to the dollar area. Paper, pulp
and iron ore are among the
principal ones. Thanks to Mar
shall Plan assistance, paper and pulp
exports jumped from 50 million in
1949 to $50 million this year, but the
country's iron ore exports go only to
Western Germany in return for scrap
metal which Austria needs so des-
perately today.
The outlook for more exports Is
not bright. despite the best efforts
of Chancellor Figl and the Vienna
government However. one bright
spot has developed: Exports to East
ern Europe in the Soviet orbit have
been cut down. Textiles. which once
moved eastward in large quantity
IdNC hIA uu1 disappeared AlOAu tAbG
ledger. Only Poland Is an excep-
ton, but that Is because Poland can
pay for Austrian products In coal
which Austria does not have.
AusteHty Jitters
Because Austfia's future "a tied 10
experts, she naturally looks TO
6hurehill's austefity program and
shuddefs. For Austfiafs generally
have lived better than the British.
Naturally, they want 10 80 forward.
not backward The only hope for
this, even If Congress Il mere eehefa
Gus than expected with aid for middle
Europe, ls freedom, This Weuld Fes
lease Austfians ffem the Soviet drain,
Her eeenemy w0uld snap back tne
danger Of imitation Weuld be met, and
the almost thousand million dollars
of Marshall Aid would pay hands
some dividends
But the Soviet Union blocks both
avenues to freedom, The Reds could
veto either Horsepower or United Ma
tians action, Grim as the prospect
seems, austerity looks like the only
alternative to partition.
Evening star., 1952-03-02

fourth and fifth failed to hold the
line. Now, despite the best efforts
of the Austrian National Bank, prices
are veering upward.
Nevertheless, Austria has more
than staggered to its feet from the
devastation of World War II. Mar
shall Plan aid has made the country
take on the appearance of stability.
The main railroads have been elec-
trified, highways have been con-
structed, railway equipment supplied,
great hydroelectric dams built. Even
small business has revived.
Poper ExompIe
Examples are everywhere. Take a
typical instance. pulp and paper
mill at Vels population 10000. In
1948 the little company was barely
solvent. Then came ECA aid. Mar
shall Plan and counterpart funds
made it possible for Welser Paper
fabfik to borrow. for 20 years. Aus
trian schillings worth 100000. Pro-
duction zoomed. Best Of all, from
the standpoint Of the whole Austrian
Evening star., 1952-03-02

ihteffeestien, tn the words OF a
veteran assistant United States at
tefhey "ehiy good taste and deeehey
dictate the conduct OF the pf6se=
euter," It Is pointed out, heWeVef,
that any genuine abuse OF a witness
Weuia bring Down the wrath OF the
eeurt upen prosecutor ana jury IN
sheft order,
After all the evidence Is In, the
grand jury Votes, usually by q snow
, of hands. to return an iAdietmeAt or
ignore 1t, Unlike petit jury where a
unanimous vote is needed for eonVle=
ton or aequittal, the grand jury
needs only a majority, or IL votes, for
action, Nor Is it necessary to have
the entire membership of 23 present
for the voting, Sixteen is considered
a quorum.
No Topical Limit
In some States grand juries are
limited to certain specific investiga-
tions. Sometimes they run away;
that is, they go too far afield in their
probing and return surprise indict-
ments in connection with crime not
originally on their agendas.
In this Federal jurisdiction, how
ever, no strings are tied in the first
place. Each grand jury may, if it
chooses, investigate anything and
everything. ..
In some States there are special
"blue ribbon" grand juries. the mem
bership of which is obtained from
names listed on real estate tax rolls.
This guarantees a jury composed
of property owners. But in the Dis
trict the juries are selected at ram
dom from names listed in the city
directory. augmented. if necessary. by
other means. such as the telephone
book.
This guarantees. according to E.
Goring Bliss. secretary Of the jury
Evening star., 1952-03-02

One Of the most banning things
about voteless Washington is that
once every four years, when the dis
franchised can cast ballots for elec-
ton Of delegates to national political
conventions-Where Presidents are
made-only tiny segment responds.
Probably less than 5000 voted in
1948. even though there were hot
contests in both Republican and
Democratic ranks that year.
Various explanations are advanced
as to why this was so. But they all
still leave Questions:
Are District residents surfeited
with politics? Can it be they don't
care who does the voting for the
District at the conventions? Is there
some failure to let them know where
and how and when they can vote for
District delegates? Or is there foun-
dation for recurring complaints by
insurgent factions that the "ins"
maintain tight, cozy, self-perpetu-
ating controls2"
Improprieties Denied
Leaders of both parties here are
quick to deny that there is anything
improper in their procedures. All
sides agree there ought to be more
voting interest-that something is
wrong, somewhere. The District
Democrats, proud that they were the
first to yield to demands for a pri-
mary election, recorded only All votes
-four years ago. The Republicans
registered about 425 at a central To-
cation and, according to one official,
about four times that number in the
43 different precincts. Why these
absurd figures?
These questions are being publicly
posed this year as result of a move
by local hackers of Gen. Dwight D.
Eisenhower to capture for their
favorite some of the Districts six
votes at the G. o. P. national con-
vention.
Suppose you, as District resident,
wanted to. vote, or to be delegate
at the big political arenas and get
into those smoke filled rooms where
deals are made? How would you
know how to register, where to get
your ballot?
First Sof all, you probably would
have to watch the papers for news
stories or an occasional ad outlining
some basic rules. Since the District
has no law on the subject, the selec-
Evening star., 1952-03-02
NeWboId Norris
He Hasn't Done Much Yet Except to Seize
The Political Initiative for Truman
By George Beveridee

members don't like the idea that Mr..
Morris might latch on to key docu-
ment also being sought by q COM
mittee.
AS a result, both committees re-
portedly are seeking some kind of
restriction to provide that the Capt.
tol Hill groups can get access to
whatever Mr.. Morris gets through the
subpoena power. One proposal would
require that Mr.. Morris get author
ity from court to issue each sub
poena. The theory of this is that
the records then would be the prop
erty of the court, to which commit
tees also could apply.
Some Capitol Hill legal experts,
however. doubt that there is any
adequate legislative means of assur-
ing such access. The problem, they
point out, would be one of enforce
ment, once document landed in the
hands of the administration. Ger
tainly, history-back to the days of
Washington-is filed with unsuccess-
full attempts by Congress to force
the executive branch to surrender
papers.
Another Safeguard
AS further safeguard, some mem
bers favor an authority for Congress
to remove the subpoena power by con-
current resolution. This would not
require White House approval. Mr..
Truman has asked that the power be
granted until next December 81.
But even if Congress enacts these
safeguards, 1t has been backed into a
touchy spot. To refuse the Presidents
request for such sweeping inveStiga-
ton powers would do more than clip
Mr.. Morris wings. 1t would open the
door for Mr.. Truman to claim that he
was not allowed to clean up his own
administration.
No matter how the subpoena fight
turns out. some races for evidence
seem inevitable. Mr.. Morris and the
congressional investigating commit
tees are bound to chance upon some
OF the same trails. In the case of ad-
ministration documents, Mr.. Morris
should have q decided advantage. In
strong language, Mr.. Truman has di-
rected all agencies to give the anti
corruption sleuth virtually anything
he asks for.
Scope Is q Mystery
Mr.. Morris has not yet disclosed
II he has deeided-exaetly what the
scope OF his probe viii be. As a
flfst step, he viii query tep.ievel
Federal 6ff1eials about their sources
OF income. This alone, II he fellows
many individual eases, viii be q Eis
eahtie task,
While Mr. Morris still has not lined
Up top aides for his cleanup lob, the
auestiehhaife project sheuid eiVe
him time 10 whip an organization
int shape He also has been given
a substantial budget and has moved
out OF the Justice Department, away
from his bess, the Attorney General,
II remains TO be seen II the tall
New York Republican will be able
TO keep 0 resolution he made to re-
peFters on his arrival in WASH
ingten,
I'm going to keep my sense Of
humor," he said then, They're not
going TO Get me fused"
Evening star., 1952-03-02
The Grand Jury Room Can Be Lonely Place

commission, that there can be no
selection or rejection Oh the basis OF
race, religion or economic status,
The names of prospective jufefs are
placed In a ballet box and drawn
periodically by members OF the jury
commission here, Following a draw
ina, the list Is screened by means OF
a auestieanaire to eliminate these
obviously ineligible, such as persons
under 81 and ever %, those Whe
have been convicted Of an effease
involving moral tuFpitude, aliens or
illiterates, Service. on a jury Is not
compulsory for women,
Those who are exempted from serv-
ice include persons holding high ex-
Evening star., 1952-03-02

Plan aid which has totaled almost a
billion dollars, comes to an end June
30 Further help of any sizable
amount is unlikely. Austria's financial
outlook is dark. In the Soviet zone,
the drain on the economy, due to the
Russian co11fiScation of Austrian en-
terprises, continues unabated.
One Woy Out
Freedom - complete freedom is
the only answer.
The United States, Britain and
France, the other three powers which
occupy the country, are willing, but
Russia has turned thumbs down. In
fact, at the recent London Conference
she refused even to discuss the sub
ject. This, despite the fact that in
previous negotiations she had ac-
cepted all but five articles out of a
total of So in a proposed state treaty.
Actually, the Soviet has no present
intention of consenting to Austrian
independence. She profits too much
by the present situation.
Here's why: Austria's $10O million
Evening star., 1952-03-02

,aidacy has received only Iuke-Warm
support In the South, The Tennessee
Senator has said he opposed q Fed
eral FEPC law-hut he also said he
would adhere to the Democratic plat-
form adopted at Chicago II nom
mated. Further, he has supported
most Of the Truman Fair Deal pro-
gram, which many Of the Southern
ers detest.
A Veteran Senator
Senator Russell Is a potent force
in the Senate. Of which he has been
q member for 20 years. He Is an
attractive figure. as well as man of
principle. He holds one Of the most
important chairmanships in the SEN
ate-that Of the Armed Services
Committee, which in these days of
growing national preparedness and
war passes upon vital legislation. His
service as chairman Of the joint
armed services-foreign relations in
vestigation Of the administrations S
policies in the Far East and Gen.
Douglas MacArthurIs custer was
widely acclaimed.
All his mature life Senator Russell
has been "in politics" and most Of
that time in public Office. For 10
years he served in Georgia's General
Assembly. He was elected Governor
Of his State at the age of 33-the
youngest in Georgia's history. Two
years later he was elected Senator.
Today, at 81, he is one Of the Sem
ate's most eligible bachelors.
Civil Rights Foe
Ever since the death Of Senator
Pat Harrison of Mississippi decade
ago, Senator Russell has stood like
rock in opposition to all efforts to
enact so-called civil rights legisla-
ton. On one occasion, he suggested
that the Federal Government finance
q shift Of is million Negro families
from the South to the North and
West, and a shift Of the same num-
ber of white families into the South,
contending that if the North and
West were intent on enforcing their
views on the South. they should "aS-
sist in equalizing our racial problem. "
Four years ago, Senator Russell
was the choice of Southern delegates
at the Democratic National Conven-
ton against President Truman. He
received 263 votes. He declined.
however, to accept the Dixiecrat
nomination for President, and rer
mained a regular Democrat through
out that campaign. This year, how
ever. Senator Russells determination
to get rid of President Truman and
his administration has grown
stronger-along with that of other
Southern leaders like Senator Byrd
of Virginia and Gov. Byrnes Of South
Carolina.
Evening star., 1952-03-02

investigations Of one kind or ans
other are becoming 30 prevalent that
virtually anybody may expect q
subpoena for a grand jury appear
ahee TO DO delivered with the morn.
Ing milk,
Currently there are eight Grand
iurles In being In the District, ihelud-
Ing the recently iIaeaReled special
group delVing into leeal crime under
Attorney General MeGfath's diFees
tive OF several weeks ago. Not all OF
these juries are holding sessions, but
those that are not are subject to
recall at any time,
What does Q witness see when he