davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-05-14
Doris FIeeson:

A former White House aide
who has been surveying the
Democratic Party's situation has
ordered a special campaign but
ton which will read simply, mo
Comment" He is one of many
who do not see a clear path
through the current confusion.
President Truman responds
calmly to those who invite him
to share their worrying. Every
thing Is under control. he con-
tinues to say, and the party
will win again next November.
The President is often pressed
to announce his own choice of a
successor so that leading Demo-
Gratis can roll up their sleeves
and go to work for him. He has
refused to do. it in terms that
lead most of his importunate
callers to believe that nothing
can be expected from, him along
that line until after the Re-
publicans have made their de-
ciSion.
Mr.. Truman has also rejected
o proposal that he keynote the
convention. The executive COM
mittee meeting this week end in
Chicago will look over the field
of Governors who are not IA
vorite sons or candidates and
pick one. possibly Dever of Mas
sachuetts, for that job. Speaker
Rayburn has been tapped once
more for permanent chairman.
Evening star., 1952-05-14
Thomas L. Stokes:
Hymn to q Social Philosophy
Seekers of the Democratic Presidential Nomination
LustIy ProeIoin Their Devotion to the New Deal

How strong a grip the New
Deal-Fair Deal economic and
social philosophy has today on
the Democratic Party is revealed
graphically by the way in which
seekers after it's presidential
nomination are Justify proclaim
ing their devotion to it.
With no sacrilege intended,
one can almost hear them sing,
to borrow from a good old
hymn: How Firm a Founda-
tion!"
This is, when you come to
consider 1t, quite a phenomenon.
For about this time previously
every four years timid seers
within the party-and most
politicians are timid at this sea-
Son-were won't to see signs Of a
Republican trend" and sugges-
tions would arise that perhaps
the party should trim itself to a
more conservative pattern to
hold conservative votes. both as
to candidate and platform.
This year there would seem
more reason than ever. The
Fair Deal champion, President
Truman. is stepping aside. The
Republican threat is diagnosed
as more ominous than since the
Democrats regained power in
1892. And socialism" - the
Republican name for the New
Deal Fair Deal is ringing
through the land whenever and
wherever a Republican orator
can get hold of a platform.
But not so. No recognized
conservative" has offered him.
self, nor has any candidate who
has entered the race sought to
clothe himself in conservative
garb. Quite to the contrary.
The pattern was set early in
the year when Senator Estes
Kefauver, in announcing his
candidacy in the ballroom of a
local hotel, pledged himself to
the New Deal-Fair Deal philos-
Ophy. So it has been, with one
after another. on down to this
week when Senator Robert S.
Kerr of Oklahoma formally
opened his headquarters in an
other local hotel here and pro-
claimed his New Deal-Fair Deal
faith, though without mention
of the fall from grace in his
natural gas bill which Presi-
dent Truman vetoed as inimical
to the interest Of consumers.
Evening star., 1952-05-14

The executive committee has
q further delicate task to per-
form in the selection of a draft
ing committee to work on the
party platform. The showdown
between the administration and
the rebellious South will come
when the civil rights sections Of
the platform are reached.
Loyalist Texans declare that
the President promised them no
delegations will be seated by the
credentials committee which will
not promise to support the
nominee of the party. That
question, however, has not been
put on the agenda for the exec
utive committee which makes
the rules and sets the pattern
for the convention.
With a wide-open convention
in prospect, the many Demo-
cratic dark horses are in a fever
Of activity and calculation. OF
these perhaps the most deter
minded, and certainly the best
financed because he can dip into
his own l-filled purse, is Sen
ator Kerr of Oklahoma, who has
just opened a Washington head
quarters.
Senator Kerr is frankly going
on the hope that the delegations
will break up at Chicago when
no clear choice appears and that
he can rally a majority by sheer
force of personality. He has now
Evening star., 1952-05-14

conservative Southern pattern,
as was pointed out by two rec
ognized Southern progressive
Senators-Lister Hill and John
Sparkman of Alabama-in their
joint statement last week end
announcing their support for his
candidacy. In emphasizing the
progressive nature" of his
record in Congress, they held up
a long list-farm legislation in
which he has taken the lead;
rural electrif1cation; housing;
Improvement of waterways for
flood control, navigation and
public power; conservation of
natural resources; Federal aid
for education; hospitals, clinics
and medical centers under the
Federal Hill-Burton Act, and
the school lunch program that
he saved almost single-handedly.
Evening star., 1952-05-14
F Fairness Thrown Out Window
Seizure Problem Could Be Solved Easily if Government
Would Eliminate All the Non-Economc issues
Dovid LUwrence:

Congress has been considering
various bills to legalize the sei-
zure of plants when labor dis
putes become acute, but nearly
every one who has studied the
history of such proposals is
agreed that seizure presents no
real solution and is not salts
factory either to labor unions or
employers.
There are ways of achieving
industrial peace and they have
worked heretofore. During
World War II. for example, the
national labor and industrial
organizations gave a no-strike
and no-lockout pledge. Manage
ment and labor also agreed to
refer their disputes to the War
Labor Board for determination.
For all practical purposes, the
decisions of the board were final
and binding, and the decisions
could be enforced through sei-
zure of a plant or industry,
This method, however, cannot
be tried again unless the abuses
which crept in before are elimi-
mated. If one side or the other
doesn't play the game on the
level and if, above all, a govern
mental board deliberately goes
beyond its function and at
tempts to solve what are known
as economic disputes as
distinguished from economic or
dollars-and-cents questions
growing out of wages and work.
ing rules, then the way is
opened to the collapse of the
entire plan.
The War Labor Board made a
tragic blunder when it arbi-
trarily introduced into some of
its settlements a clause permit
ting maintenance of member
ship" arrangement whereby
employees then members of
unions were required to con-
tinue to pay dues or get out of
the union after a 15-day-notice
period. Once the employees
joined, they were bound to re-
main members of the union.
1t is from this unfortunate and
Evening star., 1952-05-14

This routine we have wit
messed in the Democratic Party
is obviously in recognition of
two factors, one involving a
condition. the other a man.
First, a conviction among
Democratic aspirants-and they
are all astute politicians-that
the New Deal doctrine is still
a winner with a majority of the
people.
Second, deriving therefrom,
that Harry Truman. its symbol
before the people, will have con-
siderable influence upon the
convention and party policy,
and therefore is a good man to
have on the side of any Demo-
cratic candidate and conse-
quently a good man to follow
right now.
This is a tribute to his imprint
upon the party and the people.
Nowhere is this more evi.
dent than in what has happened
on an issue revolving about him
civil rights. The bone of con-
tention is compulsory F.E.P.C.
Tor which the President is
still firm. It is significant that
two candidates from the South
Senators Kefauver and Kerr
while opposed personally to a
compulsory F.E.P.C., both an
nounce they will stand on the
party platform, and the plat
form may contain it.
Senator Kefauver thinks the
problem of discrimination in
employment should be handled
on a voluntary. persuasive basis.
Senator Kerr said when quizzed
here Tuesday at opening of his
headquarters that he thought
the problem could best be met
at the State level, but added
that If the fundamental rights
OF American citizens are not
guaranteed at the State level
then the Federal Government
has an obligation to guarantee
and protect such rights.
The other Southern candi-
date, Senator Richard B. Russell
OF Georgia, remains adamant
against a compulsory F. E. P. C..
and says he would not abide by
such a plank in the platform if
nominated, and therefore has
become the favored Southern
candidate. However. on other
issues, he does not f1t the old
Il
Evening star., 1952-05-14

to fish or cut bait when it be-
came obvious that their inten.
tions were only to prolong the
negotiations until they could
muster new. well-equipped
armies we allowed ourselves to
be taken m tow by the Reds
until they obtained a definite
military superiority. It is prob
ably true that we could resist
for a long time any Communist
offensive after a breakdown Of
the ridiculous "armistice" talks
at Panmunjom. We went into
Korea in June, 1850, to punish
aggression. Such punishments
cannot be administered by
fighting defensively. Only weak
nations fight such wars-and
invariably lose them.
We did not win the last war,
militarily, in Europe and In the
Pacific by trying merely to ward
off the enemy'S blows. We won
it by offensive actions as soon
as we mustered a minimum of
strength. The victory Of the
Navy at Midway within a short
time after the Pearl Harbor
disaster should have served AZ
a model to our present military
and diplomatic planners.
We conquered North Africa
within six months after the sur
render of our forces at Cor
regidor. Has the undaunted
American spirit suffered so
much in the last seven years
that We are now adopting the
defensive" psychology of our
war-weary and tired friends
across the Atlantic? The
lamentable spectacle we made
of ourselves on Koje Island may
be more than a painful incident.
1t may be interpreted by our
enemy as a symptom Of
America instead of its present
leadership. And it may be more
of an invitation to further
aggression than anything else.
Evening star., 1952-05-14
cononnic Issues

vague precedent that the Wage
Sterilization Board leaped into
the union Shop"-a form Of
compulsory unionization that
has nothing to do with war con-
ditions or a national emergency
and constitutes really an in
genious trick to use the cloak
of wartime to get an advantage
in labor politics.
If. however. governmental
boards are confined to the dol
lars-and-cents issues of wages
while price boards are confined
to issues relating solely to
prices, the problem of seizure
to obtain enforcement becomes
academic and remote.
Congress asked President Tru-
man-in fact, directed him-to
call a labor-management con-
ference when it passed the
Defense Production Act of 1850.
The Nation might have been
operating under no-strike and
no-lockout pledges at this time
but, for reasons best known to
the Machiavellian advisers of
the President, no such confer
ence was called. The admins
tration's strategy was to get
around and ignore the provisions
of the Taft-Hartley Act, too, be-
cause the labor-union leaders
wanted it done that way.
It may well be asked what
provisions of law can ever be
written which will induce an
executive or his subordinates
governed by political expediency
to respect a law or make use of
it if it doesn't conform to politi-
cal aims to do so. But if laws
on seizure are to be written, it
will be of no avail to urge that
the profits of industry be i'm
pounded and turned over to the
U. S. Treasury. This is the
proposal of radicals who believe
that form of coercionism would
enslave management. But it
wouldn't. Involuntary servitude
is just as extreme when applied
to management as it is to labor.
Labor unions claim the right as
Evening star., 1952-02-20
|DanllagesAwardled
IS New York Papers
For Strikes Upheld
BY the Assoeioted Press

NEW YORK. Feb. 2o.-state
Supreme Court Justice Bernard
Botein has upheld arbitration
damage awards in favor Of five
New York City newspapers and
against the Newspaper and Mai
Deliverers' Union undiana).
The awards, including actual
and punitive damages. stemmed
from strikes lasting up to 40 min
utes a year ago by circulation
employees Of the five newspapers:
The Daily News, the New York
Times, the Herald Tribune, the
Journal-American and the Mir
Iror.
| Justice Botein's decision, hand
ed down yesterday. upheld awards
made by Arbitrator william N.
Margolis, a Newark attorney.
/ Mr.. Margolis sat as arbitrator
and neutral member on a fve-
member adjustment board pro-
|vided for in the contract between
the union and the Newspaper
Publishers Association Of New
York City.
/ The brief work stoppages, which
occurred February II, 1851, were
incidents in a long-standing dis
pute between the union and the
newspapers over the papers rights
to employ non-union men from
waiting lists.
Actual damages Of $4,000 and
punitive damages of $4,000 were
awarded the Daily News. Judge
Botein's decision did not mention
the amount Of damages to the
other papers. but it was learned
that the total of punitive awards
was about $21,000
In a separate opinion, Justice
Botein also upheld part of an ar
FILTRATION award in favor of the
New York Post and against the
same union. growing out of q SINH
lar strike incident.
He upheld a part awarding the
Post damages caused directly by
a strike against the Post. But the
justice referred back to the ad-
justment board an award based
on the papers allegation of union
interference between February Is
and April IL, 1851.
The union. resisting Mr.. Mar
|golis' awards. had taken the case
to court on the ground that it's
labor contracts empowered an ar
bitrator to award damages and
penalties but gave him no power
to assess punitive damages in this
instance.
Mr.. Margolis had found that the
hiring by the papers of certain
union men" at union insistance
constituted padding" and vio-
lated contracts.
Evening star., 1952-02-20
India BuIkd on BUYING
Rice in Red Chino I'll,
Bythe eAsseeioied Pres,

81 ScssoS'oiso Ffess
NEW DELHI. India, Feb. 90
Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru
said yesterday that despite efforts
Iof Indian purchasing agents ir
Communist China "the fact re-
mains we can't get as much rice
as we want to-"
Premier Nehru told q confer
ence of state food ministers that
India is securing world markets
to try to ease a shortage of rice.
Communists in Southern India, q
large rice consuming area, have
been attacking the governments
system of allotting food grains
during the shortage.
Evening star., 1952-02-20
John Woynes ReconciIed

HOLLYWOOD, Feb. 20 B.-
After six weeks of estrangement
he-man Actor John Wayne and
his wife, former Actress Espe-
rama Bauer, have been recon-
ciled. Mr.. Wayne returned home
yesterday and said he guessed
he'd been working so hard he
neglected his home. The Waynes
nave been married six years.
Evening star., 1952-02-20
BY The Associated Press

KARACaI, Pakistan. Feb. 2O.-
In the past year Japan has dis
placed Britain as Pakistan's prin-
cipal supplier of cotton piece goods
and heavy machinery. according
to. official figures released yester-
day. Japan now supplies over SO
per cent Of Pakistan's imports OF
capital goods.
Import statistics showed Japan
supplied Pakistan lO8 million
Evening star., 1952-02-20
Japan DispIaces Britain As SuppHer Of Pakistan

yards OF cotton cloth during the
first nine months Of 1851, com.
pared with SO million yards sup
piled by Britain.
Japan is obtaining ever increas-
|ing orders from Pakistan for tex
tile machinery and other factory
equipment. including electric
generators. Pakistan officials said
they turned to Japan because
Japanese prices are cheaper and
deliveries more prompt.
Evening star., 1952-02-20
BY the Assosiu,ed Pres.

W wv NsS0St0Ieo FF6H
LONDON. Feb. 20. - A Soviet
scientist last night linked high
blood pressure with capitalist
countries" and said things are Sc
good in Russia the ailment will
eventually disappear there.
Prof. F. Andreyev, a Stain prize
winner. said In q Moscow radio
broadcast that high blood pres
sure was especially prevalent in
the United States and blamed 1t
mostly on "war hysteria which Is
being inlamed by the monop-
olistS.s
Evening star., 1952-02-20
Viewers In Burma Area
Starving as Mills Close
BY The Assoeiafed Press

MANDALAY. - Starvation has
beset some 5000 weavers in the
Amarapura area. according to re-
ports.
The reported famine is blamed
on the closing Of a number OF
|handloom factories. To feed their
children, parents are reported
Starving themselves on alternate
days. Although contributions OF
rice have been sent, the situation
lis said to be Worsening.
Evening star., 1952-02-20
Russia Reports Decline In High Blood Pressure

But in the Soviet Union. hi
added. "all the necessary condi-
tions are provided for prevention
OF the disease-every worker has
no anxiety for his future. has the
right to periods Of rest. treatment
and security in his old age"
Evening star., 1952-02-20
Ease That
Night Cough!
Rest TONIGHT

You can have rest tonight.
Coughs caused from colds need
not keep you and your family dis
turbed at night. HALLS EXPEC-
TORANT, a pleasant, soothing
liquid, serves to quickly relieve
irritated membranes and tickling,
help expel mucus, and warns
throat and chest. You should feel
better promptly. Keep a bottle
at your bedside tonight and
notice how much better you rest.
Ask your druggist for HALLS
EXPECTORANT. Convenient
size bottle only 40c. Large sizes
for home use.
Evening star., 1952-02-20
Animal Hospitals Rise

Animal hospitals are now op-
Grated in Europe. Japan, Egypt
land South Africa by the Peoples
iDispensary for Sick Animals.
Evening star., 1952-02-20
Retiring FrOsps
Business Sale

CADILLAC "49" CONVERTIBLE
NFRksArfseSA11g FER Aniss 1gp.9k .Rs,"
414 GARTGGP cGpPRDIkf %ISfH, a,9! RBE. POLES
TsTH NTEksAfI6N2Xk NafkSHX 5iEof iIs9foE SR.SE .Sd
chRtkeoIEff -fN4EkNATioNAL fEAkE EEelEs
GDFfSEHSGF DfTE All fnS% TEHiEEE EknySs ySs
New and u.sd Tines Tabe, Igassn Part,
on, Bulbs. batteries and Gables. Fan
Belts, Spark Plugs, Skid Chains, Muflers
SPRINGS, Air and Grease Hose
AuToMoT1xE T1xE' sEky1eEh a1S; SMAcH1NERY
MODERN B 4 yAIyE REFAcER
MANLEY HYDRAULIC PRESS
CHAIN fall faLLsmGENERSToR ISSRs'E5Sph Z
LATHEs-HYDRAULiC JACK
ofF oGFRWoSR SasiSsskR IsoGH.kB W1SGH TAKE
AIR GUNs71.ACTEYLENE OUTFIT
ELECTRO AaeHa aGSFAGE" SRasS3sf SIGN
SIMPLEX TIME CLOCK, ETC.
By Public Auction
Silver Spring Garage
Silver Spring. Maryland
82l6 Georgia Avenue
FRIDAY
February 22nd 10 AM.
Loading Assistance Provided
Terms: Cash Prompt Removal
ADVERTISEMENT.
Evening star., 1952-02-20

ADAM A. WESCHLER q SON
AuctioneeFs-AppraiserS
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-07-01

hotos by Greenl
be harvested was buffalo skins. This
did not take long; the buffalo was
nearly extinct by 1880. For approxi-
mate purposes let us say that gold
lasted through the Sos, buffalo
through the 7o's, and then man had
to look for the next easiest resource.
That was grass, and it was more
persistent than the other resources.
Man tried without success to use it
up. Some have been concerned
about defeating grass in its purpose
to live on the earth. So far man
with all of his lack of responsibility
has had little effect on the grass
crop. It is still today the principal
crop on the Upper Missouri.
Many Developments
Many developments have con-
tributed to the story of the Upper
Missouri. Transportation of goods
has always been handicap to this
region so far removed from the
populated areas. The situation will
continue until more dense popula-
ton moves into this favorable land.
The Northern Pacific, by aid of
an enormous grant of land, drove its
tracks from the east and from the
west to meeting point at Gold
Creek, Montana, In the summer of
1888. Steam did it on the rails and
on the river, but when the rails
were laid the boats gave up their
perilous trips up the river. In addi-
ton to river and rail transportation
wagons did a far greater part of the
moving into the Upper Missouri
region than is suspected. The ruts
they made are still to be found.
As the white man moved in there
is the long story of Indian trouble.
These native residents lived on the
abundant buffalo and other animal
life. However, the population was
never SO numerous as it was further
south in Colorado, Utah and Idaho
There is little evidence that they
engaged in agriculture in Montana
Very few artifacts have been found
that indicate the growing Of crops
They were hunters who livec
largely by driving buffalo Owe
cliffs to the slaughter. This was tn,
principal industry before the whit,
man came.
Evidences of peoples other thai
the Indians we know are very rare
The Mound Builders were numerou
at the mouth of the Missouri nea
st. Louis, but there is no know
evidence that they came up tn
river.
Showed Around by Glaciers
Before the age of man we hav
the very interesting geological his
tory of the region. We can neve
go to the real beginning in an
story, but Calhoun estimates ths
five ice sheets came down fror
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-07-01

Horseshoe Bend below Three Forks. {
pedia Americana. We were always
taught that the Nile was the longest
river; however, it is said to be 1000
miles in length, or some 200 miles
shorter than the Missouri. We must,
of course, disregard names of the
various water courses that make up
one continuous stream from Red
Rock creek to the point where its
waters empty into the Gulf of
Mexico.
Named by Marquette
The Missouri was named by Pere
Marquette and Joliet in 1873 and
was first traversed from st. Louis
to the head waters by Lewis and
Clark during the summers of 1904
and 1905. Other parties followed,
with their interests mainly in the
fur business.
Vestal describes the race of the
keel boats of Manuel Lisa of the
Missouri Fur Co. and Wilson P.
Hunt directing a party known as
the Astorians in 1911. Lisa is known
for his trading posts on the Yellow
stone and at the Three Forks of the
Missouri. Hunt and his party
crossed the mountains and estab-
lished a post at Astoria on the
mouth of the Columbia.
It took some time for steam boats
to displace man power. In July,
1889, the Chippewa reached point
Is miles below Fort Benton. Fort
Benton became the highest point of
navigation, and many boats fol-
lowed. The story is well told by
Burlingame in his Montana From
tier"
By the early Cos the gold bust
ness became supreme, fur was
secondary. Bannock, Virginia City,
Alder Gulch, Last Chance Gulch,
and Confederate Gulch were upper
most in the minds of men. Gold
was their master. They moved to
the upper river country by every
method and trail; however, the
river was ready, and was the easiest
means of reaching the wealth in the
hills.
Rich Gold Strikes
Confederate Gulch was anon,
the last discoveries, and was tn,
richest spot ever found for its size
Montana Bar, near the site Of oil,
Diamond City, 40 miles east o
Helena was only the size of thre
or four city blocks. But on thi
small area gold was picked up Xix
sand or gravel as it rested in til
recesses of the rock. A thousan
dollars per pan was not unusual
and one shipment of $1,000, 90
was taken by wagon to Fort Bento
to go down the river.
In due time this easy gold wa
gathered up from the variou
gulches. The next easy resource /
Montana farmer-stockman., 1952-03-15

changes in specifications for carry
ing out practices and in rates of pay
ment, McKenna cautions. Operators
should make certain, prior to carry
ing out any practice, that they know
and understand the conditions under
which the practice must be per-
formed in order to be eligible for as
sistance. Changes in rates Of pay
1nent have generally been made to
place them on a percentage Of cost
basis so that county committees may
hold closely to the principle of pay
ing about half the operators out-of-
pocket cost for performing a prac-
tice.
Persons intending to participate in
this years program must file a
signed Farm Work sheet with their
County Committee by May 20. OPP
orators viii have until Oct. 81, 1852,
to complete approved practices. The
$2,5OO-per person limitation on earn
ings under the program will apply
this year.