davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-07-06
NOTHING IRRITATEs A MAN

more than that femi-
nine lament. What
shall l wear?" :.
because he knows
she S already made up
her mind to wear the
Evening star., 1952-07-06

~ WELCOME oddition to your
summer wordrobe is this elom-
orovs bow tied blouse thot goes
so we'll with skirts OF summer
suits. Moke it in one Of those
new wonder fobrics thot ore so
cool ond sheer and founder with
practically no effort. Premiere
Pottern No. BIOS is o sew.rite
perforated pottern in sizes II,
"a, Is. ls and 70. Size IA re-
qvires 3A yords Of 39-ineh fob
ric. Fill in the coupon with nome,
oddfess, pottern number and
moil with 80 cents TO address
given.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-12-01
College Invites
Sheepnen

SHEEPMEN, regardless of the
size of their spread, are invited to
attend sheep production school at
Montana State college, Dec. 1918.
The various college departments
which will assist with the school are
animal industry and range manage
ment, the Montana Wool laboratory,
Veterinary Research laboratory and
the agronomy department.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-12-01
What Organization Of Irrigated Farms
Gives Highest, Most Stable Income?

are included In calculating income
variation, government payments
were not included in sugar beet
prices. The effect would be to under
estimate, slightly, the stabilizing eff
feet of sugar beets on net farm in
come. However, it is more than
doubtful that the rankings according
to income variation would be
changed.
These results are a little disturb
ing. Using income level as a guide,
the fourth alternative should be Sc
lected, on the basis of 1948'49 prices.
It's likely that this would still hold
true under 1852 conditions-espe-
cially for dairy production. Using
net income variation as guide, the
organization typical of the area is
evidently the correct selection. Had
the forage been used to support a
beef cattle enterprise instead of
dairy, the ranking would probably
have remained unchanged. but the
differences in variation would have
been far greater.
Conclusions
1t is evident that there is no single
correct" solution for planning a
farm organization. Some farmers
are so situated as to be able to with
stand stable variations in net farm
income. For these it would probably
pay to move more heavily into for
age and livestock production.
Others not so favored from a fl
nancial viewpoint must pay more
attention to the variation guide. They
will wisely select an organization
leaning more toward the production
of cash crops. 1t is interesting to note
that, from the standpoint of income
levels, neither extreme farm organ
ization was demonstrated as 'best"
This fact tends to confirm the widely
held beliefs in the benefits from a
balanced farm organization.
Finally, the wide variation found
in pasture production indicates
clearly that many farmers fail to OBJ
tain the level of net income avail.
able from their present farm or.
ganization.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-12-01
Percentage Variations

average.
Percentage Variations
Because the units in which beets,
wheat and butterfat are sold vary,
these variation measures are not di-
rectly comparable. However, they
can be made so by starting them in
percentage terms. Thus in two years
out of three the price for sugar
beets varied not more than 81 per-
cent from its average; wheat As. per-
cent from its average; butterfat 40
percent from its average. Hence we
conclude that, for this period, 1920
through 1913, wheat prices varied
most widely, sugar beets least, with
butterfat in the middle.
The next step consisted of weigh
ing these price variations by pro-
portions of the three commodities
produced in each of the four farm or
CARNATIONS. This gave us a COM
parison of gross farm income varia-
ton. AS expected, the all-cash crop
organization showed the smallest
variation in gross farm income. The
current organization, typical of the
Billings area, was next smallest. The
all-forage organization was highest;
the organization intermediate be-
tween current and all-forage was
next highest.
But it is variation (and 1eveD of
net farm income which is critical to
the farmer So it was necessary to
combine the variation in gross farm
income with the variation in farm
expenses to secure comparison OF
this type. The results showed that
net farm income variation would, in
this period, have been least in the
current organization, next lowest In
the all-forage organization; next tt
the highest in the all-cash crop or
ganization and highest in the organ
ization between current and all-for
age organizations.
Summary
To simplify the comparisons, Tabl,
is presented to summarize thu
various changes found to occur will
the shifts in organization.
1t should be noted that compari
sons on the basis of level of net farm
| income use 1948-'49 prices. For suga
; beet prices, government payment
, are included In calculating incom
variation, government payment
for four possible
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-12-01
Continued from page y

land was found to be used in
about the following proportions:
Sugar beets and potatoes, 80 percent;
hay and pasture, 81 percent; grain,
% percent. The remaining percent
was taken up with fence lines, roads,
irrigation bitches, farmstead, etc.
Dairying was the major livestock
enterprise. So dairying was used in
the analysis of farm organizations.
Special attention was given to for
age production on irrigated pasture.
The average pasture was found to
furnish grazing for the equivalent of
slightly more than one cow per acre
for a pasture season of about six
months. A few farmers were obtain
ing two and three times this produc-
ton; others obtained substantially
less.
For other crops, county average
yield figures were used. 1t is inter
esting to note that irrigated alfalfa
production in 1948 and 1949 in these
counties furnished an average
amount of nutrition almost exactly
equal to the average of irrigated pas
ture production.
Results
Farm returns and costs were cal
culated on the basis of prices aver
aged for 1913 and 1949. They were
applied to farm typical of the area.
This organization was then used as a
basis for comparing alternative or
ganization which might be set up in
the area.
Income Comparisons
On the basis of 1948-'49 prices, this
farm which is typical of the area was
shown to yield net farm income
of $4,000, after subtracting farm ex-
penses Gncluding Depreciation Of
$7,202 from a gross income of $11,-
300. The farm was assumed to be
debt-free. Hence any interest on in
debtedness would have to be de
Quoted from the $4,000.
Comparison of this basic farm or
ganization with alternative organiza
tons is especially interesting becaus
it indicates the changes which Nigh
be expected in the level of incom
by changing the farm organization
For example, by shifting all land us
to forage production land thus in
creasing the size of the dairy enter
prise) net farm income would hav
increased, at 1948-'49 prices, to SIS
733-gross income of $14,133 lie:
farm expenses of $8,400. This woul
represent an extreme change in farl
organization.
All Cash Crops
Another extreme change would /
to shift altogether to the produ
ton of cash crops. We tried this {
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-12-01

the basis of sugar beets and wheat.
Though we didn't allow for decreases
in yield which would likely occur
under the continuous cropping in
this plan, net farm income still
dropped to $3,356-gross income of
S13,984 less farm expenses of $10,628.
Neither of these alternatives is
likely to yield an organization which
is well balanced in terms of the labor
and capital resources of the average
farmer. Sc we tried still a third
alternative which employed both
cash crop and forage production,
with a heavier emphasis on forage
(hay and pasture) than found in the
basic organization. Net farm income
increased to Sc, 235-gross income of
$17,780 less farm expenses of ST., 545.
Some interesting conclusions ap-
pear from these experiments" With
prices for livestock and livestock
products at 1948-'49 levels, the aver
age farmer in the Billings area could
have improved his income level by
shifting to the production of more
forage and livestock.
Dairying was selected purposely
because increases in prices for dairy
products were less spectacular than
increases for other livestock prod
ucts. Had beef cattle been selected,
increases in net farm income might
easily have been still greater in those
years.
Risk Comparisons
Recent price declines have re-
minded us of some of the hazards OF
livestock production, from an eco
nomic point of view. So we tried {
second experiment" to determine
the relative price vulnerability of al
average farmer under the farm or
CARNATIONS planned.
The first step was to compare &C
tual price variations among the tire,
major commodities. For the period
1920 through 1948, sugar beets aver
aged $7.63 per ton without govern
ment payp1ents); wheat, $1.09 pc
bushel; butterfat, 0.39 per pound
During the same period, price
varied so that, in two years out G
three, the price of beets was betwee
: $2.08 per ton more or less than tn
: average; wheat, 0.49 per bushel NOR
4 or less than its average; butterfa
fes of gross income. costs and net incom
gated farms. Based on l948-4s prices and
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-12-01

0.16 per pound more or less than its
average
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-12-01


irrigated
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-12-01

THE ranking from through Number represents lowest income
variato numb a.
Evening star., 1952-10-24
BY the Assoeiated Press

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y, Oct.
24.-The United States told the
United Nations today it could
better promote freedom of in
formation by concrete action
rather than fine-sounding treaties.
United States Delegate Charles
A. Sprague told the Humanitarian
and Cultural Committee he
thought the U. MS fruitless efforts
during the last six years to achieve
international agreement on a
freedom of information conven-
ton, should prove that the writing
Iof such documents serves small
purpose at this time.
Something far more basic than
the writing of legal language must
take place before we can 60 for
ward profitably with the drafting
OF treaties" he said.
Clearer Picture Needed.
AS an alternative, Mr.. Sprague
offered three suggestions for fur
thering the freedom cause.
/. Give the people of the free
world a clearer picture of what
is going on in their neighbor ma
tions so they may better under
stand the differences between peo-
pies and acquire more tolerance
2. Prepare recommendations on
how to speed the spread of news to
all lands including those ham,
pered by censorship or lack of ed
ucation facilities.
3. Organize seminars to bring
editors and publishers of various
lands together for round table dis
cussions of problems surrounding
the free flow of news.
In Best Interests of u. S.
ut is vitally important" Mr.
Sprague said. that the domestic
news media of all countries
Evening star., 1952-10-24
Fine Sounding Pocts No Aid
ToFreedom of Press, U.N. Told

do grow and become strong and
Independent. I say this not only
because I believe it to be essential
to healthy. democratic national
life, but because it is in the in
terest of my own country"
Mr.. Sprague, who is publisher
of the Salem oregon Statesman
said the question of information
freedom concerned him primarily
as a newspaperman. but also as
"a consumer of news who is in
terested in obtaining as much OF
it as possible"
Restriction of information" he
said. "hides abuse and makes ii
more difficult to detect and curb
But equally important and deeply
affecting relations among nations
lis the fact that restricting the
flow of information across inter-
national boundaries breeds isola-
ton, and isolation breeds suspi-
Icion, diStruSt and fear"
Evening star., 1952-10-24
Virginia Bus Crash
Injuries 33 Persons,
10 From District Area

Thirty-three persons were in.
jured. none seriously, when q
Washington-N Norfolk Greyhound
express bus ran off the highway
early today near Ashland, Va.
about Is miles north of Richmond
Ten Of the injured were from
the Washington area. but only
two were admitted to hospitals
The accident occurred at 1910
am. when the big southbound
carrier passed an automobile and
tried to turn back to the right side
of the road.
State police said the driver
Henry A. Diehr, q. Of Fredericks-
burg, Va, told them he could not
keep the bus from running off a
four-foot embankment.
Pinned in Bus for Time.
It did not overturn. but came tc
rest against an earth obstruction
in wooded area. Some of the
passengers were pinned in the bus
for a time until a rear emergency
door could be opened.
All but one of the passengers
were taken to two Richmond hos
pitfalls. Medical College of Virginia
and Phillips. Most of them were
released after treatment.
Those from this area listed at
Medical College of Virginia were
Mrs. Blanche Pegram, As, OF
2051 North Glebe road. Arlington
cuts on head, knee and arm, and
fractured hand; admitted.
Miss Ellen Christensen, "a, OF
3130 Wisconsin avenue NV.
bruises on back; released.
Corpl. Russell Coleman, %, Fort
Myer, minor cuts, released.
Others Hurt in Accident.
Treated at Phillips Hospital for
colored were:
Airman &c James Winston, a.
Boiling Field, lacerations about
eye and upper lip, admitted.
Charles Harris, jr., "a, of Wash
ington, ear laceration, released.
Corpl. George Wilson, 20. OF
Fort Belvoir, cuts, released.
Mrs. Emma Wilson, 19, Fort Bel
voir, leg cuts. released.
Sandy Hill 80, of Washington
cuts about eye, released.
James Hill, 80, of Washington
back injury, released.
Pauline Butler, 26, Alexandria
leg and head injuries, admitted.
Evening star., 1952-10-24
HyattsviIIe Woman
And Fort BeIvoir Man
Killed in Auto Crashes

A Hyattsville woman and a Fort
Belvoir soldier were killed early
today in separate traffic accidents
in nearby Maryland and Virginia.
The dead were Mrs. Edith Hop
son, 80, of 5005 Fortieth place,
Hyattsville, and Corpl. Perry M.
Daniels. colored, 20, of Birming-
ham, Ala, member of Fort Bel
voir's Company C, 93d Engineer
Battalion.
According to Prince Georges
County police. Mrs. Hopson was
the driver of 1852 model car
which struck tree on Largo road,
near Largo, Md, about 1890 am.
Corpl. Daniels was a passenger
in a car which hit the side of a
bridge over Dog Run, on Route l i,
near Fort Belvoir. Four other
soldiers were injured in the crash,
one of them seriously.
Mrs. Hopson's car ran off the
winding Largo road and crashed
head-on into tree. She was
pronounced dead on the scene by
DR.. James I. Boyd, county medi-
cal examiner, and her body was
taken to the Gasch funeral home,
Hyattsville.
She was alone in the car, except
for a dog which was not killed,
police said.
Injured in the Virginia accident
were:
Pfc. Hughes M. Clark, "a, COL
ored. Of South Charleston. w. Va,
fractured skull and multiple cuts.
Corpl. Reginald A. Shelton, "a,
colored, of st. Adams. w. Va,
multiple cuts.
Sergt. James Samuel. 81. COL
ored, Hartsville. S. c., chest in
juries and multiple cuts.
Sergt. Joseph Moody, 25, COL
ored. of Philadelphia. multiple
cuts.
All were taken to the Fort Bel
voir Hospital.
Fairfax County Police Sergt.
James Dodson and Pvt. Ebert
Bradford listed Corporal Shelton
as the driver of the car and said
he apparently dozed while driving.
A warrant charging him with
manslaughter has been sworn out,
they said. The crash occurred
about 3 am.
Evening star., 1952-10-24
|kefauver Schedules
9-Day Speaking Tour

A nine-day speaking tour for
the Democratic presidential ticket,
covering 10 States, has been
mapped out for Senator Kefauver
of Tennessee.
Senator Kefauver, unsuccessful
candidate for the Democratic
presidential nomination, will be-
gin his new campaign in Phila-
delphia Sunday. Among the
States he will touch on during
the remaining days before the
election are:
Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Wis
consin, Tennessee, Massachusetts,,
New York, Florida and then back
to New York for the closing fea-
lures of the Democratic drive for
Gov. Stevenson and Senator
Sparkman of Alabama.
Senator Kefauver has covered
20 States since october 2. In an
nouncing the new schedule, Chair
man Stephen A. Mitchell of the
democratic National Committee
praised the Tennessean for doing
"a splendid job" and said Ibis
grassroots work has made many
votes"
Evening star., 1952-10-24
BY the Associated Press

Capt. Herbert D. Riley of Balti-
more will take command of the
AZ, 5,000-ton aircraft carrier Coral
Sea on November 2.
Capt. Riley, now assistant chief
of staff for plans, policy and OPP
erations to Admiral Lynde D. Nc
Cormick, supreme Allied Atlantic
commander, will relieve Capt.
r. B. Pirie.
Evening star., 1952-10-24
Ga||inger Doctor Named
To Laurel School Post

DR.. Ettore DeFilippis. who for
IL years has been a medical officer
at Gallinger Hospital. has been
appointed staff physician and
medical officer at the District
Training School at Laurel, Md
it was announced today.
DR.. DeFilippis will be the psy-
chiatric physician at the school
He was born in Naples, Italy
February II. 1897 and took his
premedical work at Columbia
University and College of the City
of New York. He received his
medical degree at Hahnemann
Medical College in Chicago In
1922. He came to Gallinger in
1910.
DR.. DeFilippis will begin his
duties at the school Monday at a
salary of 5000 a year.
Evening star., 1952-10-24
Polio Case in Alexandria
Raises Area Total to 431

One case of poliomyelitis re-
ported today raised the current
Metropolitan area total to 431 as
compared to 208 at this time last
year.
Alexandria's 42d case was that
OF a 7-year-old girl of the 1900
block of Richmond lane, admitted
TO Chlldren's. Only six cases had
been reported at this time last
year. Other area totals: District,
l26; Arlington, Sc; Fairfax, 72;
montgomery, SO, and Prince
Georges, 81.
Evening star., 1952-10-24
Baltimore Man Is Named Coral Sea- New Skipper

Capt. Willard K. Goodney of
Michigamme, Mich, now serving
with the Joint Chiefs of Staff in
Washington, will take over Capt.
Riley's post on Admiral McCor-
mick'S staff.
Capt. Pirie. slated for promotion
to rear admiral, will become chief
of staff to Vice Admiral Jerauld
Wright in the Eastern Mediter-
ranean.
Evening star., 1952-10-24
ADVERTISEMENT. A
What you can believe
about ''SaIeS''

When you buy something at a
sale" are you really getting extra
value? Can you save by shopping
in Bargain Easements? Is it safe
to buy t'irregulars''?
November Readers Digest ex-
plains the three reasons why depart
ment stores have so many sales,
and tells how they can offer even
brand-new merchandise at reduced
prices.
Read how stores cun manage to
run sales day after day-and stiIl
offer real bargains.
Get your November Readers
Digest today: 40 articles of lasting
interest, condensed from leading
magazines, current books.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1952-12-04
Legion National
Commander 10
Address Meeting

National Commander Lewis
K. Cough Of the American Lee
gion will talk on his 10-point
program to end the ~Hfrustra-
ton of Stalemate" in the Ko-
rean war when he addresses
the mid-Winter conference OF
the Legion'S Montana depart
men at Helena December 6.
Cough recently returned from
a tour of the Far East, includ-
ing the combat zone in Korea.
He urges that the U. S. pre-
sent the enemy with minimum
terms of agreement for an
honorable truce, which if not
met would be followed by all
out effort for military victory.
The Legion chief also wants
a "clear-cut foreign policy" in
Asia, and asks that the war he
put in military hands. He also
believes in bombing Red sup
ply bases north Of the Yalu
river, and blockading the China
coast.
Other Of Coughs 10 points
are: Re-arm sufficiently to win
the war; train and equip South
Koreans SO they can fight the
Reds; set up a regional Pacific
defense pact, and develop psy-
Geological warfare in Asia.
The Legion's mid-Winter con-
ference will start with a dinner
meeting of the state organiza-
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1952-12-04
Sorrelite News

MIR. and Mrs. Al Koch and
children of Othela, Wash, are
visiting friends and relatives OF
Big Horn valley and Custer.
Mrs. Koch also visited with her
grandfather, James Quest OF
Hardin.
John KaIlen of California is
visiting with his brother, An
drew Kallen, and other relatives
and friends in the valley. Mr..
Kallen attended the Thanks
giving program at Sorrel Horse
school with his neice, Mrs. Jake
Schultz.
The Sorrel Horse school chill
dren with the assistance o f
their teacher, Mrs. Lester Cup
till, presented a very impress
sive Thanksgiving program
Wednesday. They recited sew
eral poems on giving thanks"
and sang songs on the same
theme.
A pot luck Thanksgiving din
ner was served at the home of
Mr. and Mrs. George Rogers on
Thursday. Those present were
MIR. and Mrs. Clarence Salveson
and family of Billings, Mr.. and
Mrs. C.. A. Rogers of Hardin,
Mrs. Flossie Gilreath, Mr.. and
Mrs. Bernie Quigley and girls
and Mr.. and Mrs. James Rogers
and children. There were 81
present at the dinner table.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1952-12-04

George Rogers took some cat
tie to Billings Sunday. The Ray
Kurtz family were present to
neip load the cattle and stayed
for dinner. Also present for a
roast goose dinner were Mr..
and Mrs. Jack Guptill and fam
lily and Mr.. and Mrs. Lett and
family.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. M. Haynie
and children called on Mi. and
Mrs. Jake Zaharko and Janice
of Milestone Sunday.
MI. and Mrs. E. M. Haynie
entertained several friends and
relatives on Thanksgiving.
Those present were Mr.. and
Mrs. Jim Haynie and children,
Mrs. Anna Darlington ard
Margorie and Mr. and Mrs. w.
F. Farnes ard boys of Wofden.
Mr. and Mrs. Bud Glreatil
and daughter spent Thanksgiv-
Ing DAY in Billings visiting rel
ativeS.
Art Gilreath had Thanksgiv-
ing dinner with Mr.. and Mrs.
Gotleib Hert and family.
Mrs. Jim Rogers and children
had supper with Mr.. and Mrs.
Alvin Braaton of Hardin.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1952-12-04
RECOGNITION

An award of merit for o ~ Z
standing achievement ~ ed-
field Of adult conserVatioli tMro
ucationo was presented to "
We1l-known Montana sportsf1e ~
If the annual meeting OF tne
Montana. Wildlife federation ~ ~
Helena November ~ at5a ouorv
They were DR.. J. w. SevslHy'
Missoula. and Thomas Messeit'
ui These men were selected for
the honor as a result OF tneli
efforts in developing and car
rving out d program 10 pInls
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1952-12-04
Rig HORN a G
LADIES LEAGUES
BOTS soTs LEAGUE

ton of the 40 ct 8, the Legion's
honor society, Friday NIGHT, De-
cember S. Legion business ses-
sions will begin Saturday morn
ing and end Sunday.
Coughs talk will be made at
the annual mid-Winter banquet
Saturday night. Programs to
be carried out by the Montana
department of the Legion will
be approved at the business
sessions, and the department
executive committee will APP
prove department officers and
committee chairmen appointed
for 1853.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1952-04-19

JOIN THE NAACP TO-DAY
NAACP - YOUR INVESTMENT
IN DEMOCRACY
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1952-04-19

Both of them, would respond
the very charming Dorothea
Towles, if you should take the
chance to ask this question.
Actually she is a model at
Pierre Balmain's where she pre-
sents the fashion collection with
a grace really personal 1--WE would
like to say almost with certain
movements =. graceful like a
cat when she Walks). The beau
tiful Dorothea, during the day,
after work is almost invisible and
inaccessible. We discovered this
when we tried to reach her in
the afternoon by telephone. We
could not see her when she ar
rived or left the celebrated house
of fashions of Pierre Balmain, on
the street of FrancoiS-Ier, where
she works. This is a real mystery
of the beautiful creature, this
American star of the Parisienne