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Evening star., 1952-02-21
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4
Inomically and morally wrong.
He then made the following mo-
|tion:
Il move that DR.. Corning stud,
/ the possibilities outlined here TO-
day in reference to the integratior
4 OF the school system. concerning
1 the cost. moral correctness ant
economic saving. and report bacl
to the board within 80 days"
Albert E. steinem, another
board member. questioned whether
the school board had a right tt
tell Congress what to do on tn.
matter. Adelbert w. Lee. boarc
vice president who was presiding
at the time. said the facts mus
be explored. but he questioned how
far the school board should go ir
instructing DR.. Corning on such q
study. -.
i don't think we are in a posi-
ton to get into the dual school,
system question:" Mr.. Lee de.
|clared.
DR.. James A. Cannon, board
member, interjected: It see no
reason why the superintendent
can't explore and bring us the
facts. I feel it is unsound eco
nomically and democratically to
continue this way. DR.. Corning
should inform the board what the
situation Is"
The board then passed DR.. john
sons resolution. Opposing votes
were cast by Mrs. E. C. Magde-
burger and Mr.. Steinem. Voting
for the study were Mrs. Arcadia
Near Phillips, Mrs. James w. Will
liams. DR.. johnson and DR.. GAN
non. Mr.. Lee. as presiding officer,
did not vote. c. Melvin Sharpe,
board president. and Wesley S.
Williams, were absent.
Mrs. Phillips said, after the
meeting, she intended to vote with
Mrs. Magdeburger and Mr.. Stei-
mem, which would have tied up
the vote.
Neither Mr.. Lee nor the board
secretary heard her vote, and it
went in the record as a 4-to-2
vote. Mr.. Lee ruled that, since
there was no protest when he an
nounced the motion carried, it
would remain carried.
This marks the first time the
school board has taken official cog
nizance of the fact that the courts
Someday may rule out the dual
school system. The three colored
members, Mrs. Williams, Mr.. Will
liams and DR.. johnson, are op-
posed to continuation of segrega-
ton in the schools. DR.. Cannon
lately has indicated he, too, feels
the time has come to eliminate
segregation.
Traditionally Avoided Issue.
The school board traditionally
has avoided graphing with the
segregation question on the ground
that its duty was to administer
the system Congress created.
The request for the segregation
study grew out of the speakers
remarks and efforts of the school
board and school officials to find
some way to, eliminate the short
age Of teachers in the colored
schools. The 13 speakers addressed
themselves to various aspects OF
this question. .t4
DR.. Corning presented a report
to the school board. which clearly
showed there Is little hope of a
solution this year. The school
board has been trying to get a
supplemental appropriation to
provide 66 temporary teachers for
the colored schools this year. The
Commissioners and school officials
met last week to go over Budget
Director Walter L. Fowler's re-
port on the matter. v
1.-THE report is not favorable to
Evening star., 1952-02-21
Heads Presbyterian Group

BUCK HILL FALLS, Pa, Feb
l21 (P.-Dr. Addison H. Leitch OF
Pittsburgh. dean of the Pitts
burgh-Xenia Theological Semi
nary. is the new president of the
World Presbyterian Alliance.
Evening star., 1952-02-21
zoe, 900 Fuel Outlets

TULSA.-In addition to 1875, ,30S
service stations which market gas
loline. there are about 200 900 more
retail outlets for motor fuel in the
United States.
Evening star., 1952-02-21
Tokyo Thousands Protest
Colonization by U. 5.
By the Assoeioted Press

TOKYO, Feb. 21.-Thousands
Iof japanese demonstrated against
the colonization" of Japan by the
United States today. Fourteen
policemen were injured as violence
terupted in Tokyo, Kyodo news
agency reported.
Kyodo said Japanese Commun-
lists designated today as "anti-
colonization of -Japan-day" and
organized demonstrations protest.
ing American interference"
The injured policemen were
stoned by 400 demonstrators in
the Omori district, Kyodo, said.
Three hundred students and
workers clashed with 300 police in
Ia northwestern suburb.
New Process for Acid
Development of new and
simpler process of making chro-
mic acid is reported by Pakis-
tan's Dacca University.
Evening star., 1952-12-29
The Real Weak Link in Security

Although the House Committee On Un-
American Activities gave far more space in its
report to a renewal of it's old feud with DR..
Edward u Condor, the committees wire
tapping recommendation was more important
from security standpoint. Until our intel
gence agencies are permitted not only to tap
communications of suspected spies but to use
such evidence against them in Federal court, the
Nations security system will remain gravely
defective.
No particular question of national security
is at stake in the Condor case today. Whatever
Dr. Condons reliability protector of defense
secrets may be-and no evidence so far has been
produced to show that he ever Willingly or
unwittingly betrayed a Government trust-he
no longer is in the Federal service. The COM
mittee itself acknowledged that it had no evi
dence that the former director of the Bureau of
Standards ever was a Communist or had COM
mitted any act of espionage.
Of immediate concern. however, is the severe
handicap under which the Federal Bureau of
Investigation and military intelligence agencies
are operating as a result of Supreme Court
interpretations of the Federal Communications
Act. This handicap is the real weak link" in
our antiespionage Setup, for it outlaws modern
investigative technique that foreign spies use
with great success The FEC law forbids the
"interception and divulgence" of any communi-
Evening star., 1952-12-29
By Charles E. TroceweN

lump off all one does not like in that
way, but it may not be the truth, pre-
cisely.
We think our first correspondent
comes nearer the mark. in pointing out
the larger number OF bird feeders.
dividing the take"
Birds have lived alongside other
natural creatures. such as dogs. cats.
sparrows and starlings, for years.
We do not believe our native wildbirds
are such sissies that they cannot stand
a little honest competition. It is the
same problem we all face.
"CHEvERLY, Md.
Dear Sir:
Il am much concerned about beauti-
full blue parakeet that has been visiting
our feeding station in the company Of
a flock of Sparrows.
"He seems to have weathered the re-
cent snow, but will he be able to survive
the severe winter ahead?
THE sparrows find shelter in some
dense evergreens about the sunparlor.
They perch around until the fancier
birds have fed and then they clean up
Il have tried leaving the window open
to entice him in but this frightens the
sparrows and he goes with them.
Sincerely yours, B. L. c."
Try flashing a mirror at him. and
he may fly down to your shoulder. Then
just walk into the house with him.
Watch the lost" ads. These birds
specialize in getting loose. They can
survive the winter, with the help of
Evening star., 1952-12-29

question as to whether Mr.. Cleveland's
terms should be counted once or twice
in determining the number of persons
who have served as President of the
United States. There might appear to
be a logical objection to holding that Mr.
Cleveland during his second term served
as the 22d President, for this would re-
suit in having the 22d serving after the
23d President, who was undoubtedly
President Benjamin Harrison. This diff
Guilty is avoided if Mr.. Cleveland is con-
sidered both the 22d and the oath Presi-
dent of the United States.
I'm a proclamation on the death of
Warren G. Harding, President Coolidge
referred to him as the 29th President
Omitted States Statutes at Large, VOL
ume 43. part 2, page 1920. Likewise,
in a proclamation on the death of
Franklin D. Roosevelt, President Tru-
man referred to him as the 32d Presi-
dent (Federal Register. volume x, page
4009.
1T may also be noted that in the
Dictionary of American Biography,
President Wilson and President Harding
are referred to as the 28th and 29th
Evening star., 1952-12-29
"TAKOMA PARK. Md.
Dear Sir:

Dear Sir:
May I add few comments to your
reply to E. w. K. on the birds in his
area?
1--WE have lived on a wooded lot beside
Sligo Creek for IL years where I have
had the joy of Watching and feeding
and loving our many birds and squirrels,
two chipmunks and a lone. faithful
terrapin.
II think that it is not only the cut
ting down of the trees which is driving
away our wildlife, but with the coming
of more people. the dogs and cats they
bring, frighten away the birds and
squirrels.
ALSO, so many more bird watchers
are joining our ranks and putting out
feeders. that the guest list is divided.
Then, when natural wild feed is
plentiful, as it was this fall. they do
prefer it and pass up our invitations.
still have many regular visitors, but
think our extra early cold weather
has sent an unusual number South.
However, we will be expecting them back
in the spring.
Perhaps you will be interested in
my latest pleasure-two pure white
squirrels which appeared a few weeks
ago.
Very frisky, evidently young, and
not yet tame enough to come for food
as the gray squirrels do.
my greatest thrill of the years,
though. was the summer a titmouse
few down from tree and took crumbs
from my hand.
Evening star., 1952-12-29

cation without consent of the sender. This
means that unless the F'BI obtains the consent
of the spy it is investigating, 1t may not listen
in on any of his telephone conversations and
make use in court of anything heard. The
absurdity of such restriction is such as to be
source of constant amazement to our enemies
The House committee properly urged that
the wire-tapping restriction be lifted enough to
permit our counterintelligence agencies to use
in Federal court any information obtained by
wire tapping that will help to put spies in jail
1t also recommended tightening of laws on
peacetime espionage, including provision for the
death penalty for spying against this Nation in
such "cold war" as now exists. Several of
these proposals need careful study because of
their drastic nature. But there is no need for
further study or debate of the obvious need for
legislation to remove the overlapping restric-
ton from the FBI
Evening star., 1952-12-29
This and That

"She carried these to her adolescents
in the nearby dogwood, and repeated
the performance each day until she
thought they were able to rustic for
themselves Then she took no more
risks for her own self.
I'm closing. ! would like to extend
my thanks to you for the pleasure OF
your daily column.
Sincerely yours. I. U. W."
c. A. C. has few words to offer on
the same theme:
You attribute the decrease in our
native wild birds to deforestation. You
are right, but only to a certain degree.
1--WE can notice that even with an
abundance of trees our native wild birds
have decreased wherever one finds the
scouts of English sparrows and Starlings.
Can you imagine a yellow-throat
or an oriole or bluebird welcoming
those pests for neighbors?"
Here we have dogs, cats, common
sparrows and starlings held up as viii
lains.
We have never felt that the problem
is as easy as that.
When we first moved to Montgomery
County, in 1880, our block was much as
1t is today, and yellow -throats and
orioles were much in evidence. along
with-and this is the point-sparrows
and starlings.
There were more dogs, then, and just
as many cats.
No, it is not as easy as that. Other
factors enter into the problem. The
human mind prefers easy solutions.
Take a spleen to something, and then
Evening star., 1952-12-29
The Rosenberg Ads

Another advertisement urging clemency for
Ethel and julius Rosenberg, sentenced to death
for atomic espionage, has been accepted for later
publication in The Star. These advertisements
have been accepted in the belief that they
represent an expression of the right Of petition,
which is not right that is restricted to those
with whom we may happen to agree or to those
who advocate some generally popular course of
action. The Star has found no valid reason to
refuse publication of the advertisements merely
because they follow a general line that has been
espoused by the Communists.
In a letter to The Star today correspondent
complains that in running previous advertise
ment The Star should have warned its readers
of the intellectual poison that, in his opinion,
it contained. But the issue raised in the adver
Using is whether the death sentence should be
committed to life Imprisonment. 1t is not intel
lectually poisonous for anybody Communist or
nom Communist, to raise such an issue and to
support it with opinion arguing for life imprson-
ment instead of death. The Star does not be-
leve that its readers are in. danger of being
poisoned by such an appeal-regardess of its
source-or that they regard publication of such
an advertisement as conveying The Stars in
dorsement of it's content.
The Rosenbergs have been convicted of one
of the gravest of crimes-betrayal of ones coun-
try. They had a fair trial. They enjoyed the
benefits of all the safeguards furnished by the
Constitution to those accused of crime The
case was reviewed by the higher courts and no
errors were found. The appeal to the President
for clemency is which any citizen may in
itiate, and the advertising and other publicity
accompanying that appeal is not rightfuIy to be
suppressed merely because it may lend itself to
Communist exploitation.
Evening star., 1952-12-29
High Tariffs

Your December 19 editorial, discussing
Secretary of Commerce SaWyer's recon-
mendations concerning foreign aid, ends
on the apprehenSve note that while
Congress will readily listen to the call
to end economic aid, it may not be so
receptive to the recommendation for
ending trade restrictions. AS you say,
the consequences could be grave for the
entire free world, and as Prof. Sumner
H. Slichter has said, Breaking down the
barriers which cut off markets from the
rest of the world is the acid test of the
country's abandonment of isolationism."
But there is another reason for break
ing down these barriers which strangely
finds little mention. That is that free
trade, both foreign and domestic, is di-
rectly in our own interest, regardless of
any question of aid to our allies. The
Wholesomeness which you mention in
the policy of trade, not aid" is largely
based on the fact that it means the
promotion of mutually advantageous
trade, that is the kind which is in our
own economic interest. Perhaps Con-
gress will be less likely to disregard this
aspect if sufficient emphasis is put on
the fact that foreign trade makes us
richer and raises the American stand
ard of living.
High tariffs, if they serve the purpose
desired by their advocates of protecting
domestic industries. unable to stand on
their own feet, deprive foreign producers
of markets they need if their countries
are to be our effective allies. They de-
prive them of dollars which then must
be supplied, in the interest of our ma
tional defense, in other less desirable
ways. The more efficient American in
dustrieS, good enough not to need tariff
protection, are in turn denied foreign
markets for their products. Above all,
high tariffs are infationary in that they
raise the prices of the protected goods
and. accordingly, they are against the
economic interests of the American con-
sumers, not as we'll represented by or
ganized lobbies as are certain producers.
High tariffs also constitute another in
stance of Government interference with
the freedom of choice of American citi-
zens. They are inconsistent with our
tradition of free enterprise. Freedom in
importing and exporting can in the long
run no more be compromised than free
dom of press, speech or assembly. There
can be no lasting peace in this shrinking
world unless there is freedom of trade.
Sidney KOretz.
Evening star., 1952-12-29
School Bus Controversy

Your editorial of December "a on the
Falls Church school bus controversy
implies that by failing to provide for
buses the council would itself be re-
sponsible for deaths or injuries to chill
dren who might not have sidewalks to
walk on. You go further and state
that there are too few police to insure
the safety of children going to and
from school. You try to impress read
ers that money and buses are necessary
from which it may be inferred that
sidewalks and police should be sacrificed
for school buses.
Now, let's not confuse the people
Money and buses are not the answer
nor are sidewalks and police. The only
good answer is for people who drive
automobiles to become the protectors
and guardians of all children dncluding
colored and parochiaD at all times
otherwise the council and school board
will never find enough money, buses,
sidewalks, police, ETC., with which to
guarantee their safety The best solu-
ton doesn't require any money-only
acceptance of individual civic respon-
s1bilty.
Now as to constructive measures. let's
consider tneSe.
/. We can provide police protection
for few specified crossings of Broad
and Washington streets-which carry
through traffic.
2. All other streets carry local traffic,
and on them firm speed limit of 15'
miles per hour could be imposed from
7 to am. and from to 5 pm.
3. Drivers who violate this limit or
otherwise endanger children on The
streets would have their permits sus-
pended for 80 days.
l will continue with my intention
to stop school-bus transportation in Falls
Church until l am convinced that a
majority of all the voters really want
to pay for it through taxes.
Samuel e. McCrary,
Councilman.
Evening star., 1952-12-29
Command Decision

The Pentagon has acted wisely in deferring
the retirement of General James A. Van Fleet and
continuing him on his present assignment until
next March 81. Under 1947 law because of his
rank and length of service the commander of
the Eighth Army in Korea is technically sup
posed to bow out on January 81 but special
emergency provision permits his retention on
active duty "for the convenience of the
Government"
This is the provision that Secretary of the
Army Frank Pace has utilized to keep General
Van Fleet on the job beyond the normal retire
ment date, and the same decision has been
Manton S. Eddy, chief of United States Army
Forces in Europe AS explained at the Pentagon
the action has been taken as a matter of
courtesy to the incoming Eisenhower administra-
ton. Otherwise moves would have to be made
now, by outgoing officials to choose the sue
ceSsors of these two key commanders, and the
choices might be unsatisfactory to the new
President.
AS a result of Mr.. PAGES action, there will
be no such possibility The repacements for
the vital Korean and European command
President and his own team of civilian officials
in the Defense Department, and the retirement
deferments will give them ample time to select
the men they want. Actually General Eisen-
hover may wish to have Generals Van Fleet
and Eddy remain on their present assignments
for an indefinite period, but whether he does or
not, 1t is best that the matter has been left to
his administration tn decide
Evening star., 1952-12-29
Southwest Plun

For some time now, the local news
papers have been carrying articles about
proposals for the ''redevelopment" of
certain portions of Southwest Washing
ton.
Assuming that the facts reported are
correct, wish to add this to the record:
have yet to see any program of this
sort backed or sponsored by the parties
who are really in interest and will
ultimately be affected. Invariably, all of
the smoke and fire is generated by do
gooders," who have no financial stake
in the outcome. The only exceptions,
that have noted, are those where the
so-called sponsors have machiavellian
plan whereby they will accomplish a
substitution of themselves for those
Evening star., 1952-12-29
RedeveIopment DELAY

Filing OF suit challenging the constitu-
uonanty OF the Southwest redevelopment
project presages more delay in carving out
the already tagging slum clearance program.
Such challenge had been expected however
and preliminary preparations had been made
by Government lawyers to meet it. 1t is we'll
to settle basic questions as to the validity of
the undertaking at the very outset And if. as
proposed, a special three Judge court should
hear the case, the judicial process will be
greatly expedited as it should be in such an
important proceeding
The District Commissioners, named as de-
PENDANTS in the suit by Southwest store owner,
are scheduled to vote on the first part of the
redevelopment plan, Project B, tomorrow Indi-
cations are that they will approve it, leaving
the remainder Of the program for further con-
sideration. The store involved in the litigation
is located in the 16-block area to be given
priority treatment. All of the planning agencies
and most other public and private groups have
Endorsed the rebuilding plan, but there is
disagreement among them over the kind of
Yedevelopment that should be approved for the
general waterfront area.
The local suit raises for the first time in a
Federal court an issue that has been raised
number of times previously in a number of
State tribunals. The question is the right of
Government agency to condemn and take over
private property which is to be reSold to private
investors for redevelopment. The Govern
ment'S right to seize private property for public
use in certain cases is well established The
Housing and Home Finance Agency says that
the right of eminent domain in such redevelop-
ment projects as that planned here has been
upheld by supreme courts in Pennsylvania,
Rhode Island, Alabama Illinois, Michigan,
Tennessee and Arkansas, but ruled unconstitu-
tional under State laws in Florida. Most of the
State courts held that redevelopment of slum
areas was a public purpose that justified the
taking of private property though the
rebuilding was to be done by private interests.
The local litigation will be of interest to
redevelopment authorities throughout the
country. Meanwhile every effort should be
made here to resolve the differences over the
degree of "upgrading" to prevail along the
water front. That is a basic and difficult
question, too.
Evening star., 1952-12-29
The Heart in Its Own Fushion

Some days are iDoven so quietly OF good
And simple things, the heart Is un-
GtUdre
of the part each one contributes: Small
OF iDood
Smoke, bird-notes tinklino, siluer.
dotDn the air,
Companionship of dogs. kitten purr-
ing,
Good friends hellos, book dipped
into here
And there, some Work accomplished.
peace occurring
When eyes look into others that are
dear.
And so the heart at ntghttdH often lifts
No itemized Thanksgiving to the
Weduer
Of such good day and its uariant
gifts
But oh. the heart. being glad re-
ceiUer,
And being light. and curiously reneDed.
In its own fashion beats its gratitude.
Eloine v. Emons
Evening star., 1952-12-29
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.

@. What did Edison use for the fila.
ment in his incandescent lamp?
M E. B.
A. Edison experimental with hum
dreds of materials from animal hair to
fish lines, and from celluloid to lamp
wicks. At last he adopted Bristol card
board, and lamps with filaments of this
material were used at the historic public
demonstration of electric lighting at
Menlo Park on December 81, 1879.
@. How much soft coal will a miner
dig in regular days work?-R. F. c.
A. The Bureau of Mines says that less
than per cent of the bituminous coal
produced at underground mines in the
United States is dug by the miner or
cut by hand. In Maryland. where the
largest percentage OF the underground
production was cut by hand in 1851.
the average production was 3.8 tons
T,600 pounds) Of coal per man per day.
Evening star., 1952-12-29
KnebeI's Brond of Humor

That fellow Fletcher Knebel has the
sharpest political wit of any writer to-
day. I don't know him and I am not
referring to any particular item. but
just to generally top-quality humor he
has displayed for the past several
months. LangdOn P. Marvin, Jr.