davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16
Inquiry on Koje

There is very substantial merit to the pro-
posal that neutral nation mission be invited to
study the past and present handling of Commu-
mist prisoners Of war on Koje Island.
The Korean war is United Nations action.
undertaken for the purpose of hating an agrees
sion which threatened the peace of the world.
In this circumstance there is an obligation upon
the U. N, powers to conduct the action in man.
ner conforming to the highest ethics that may
be applied to the practice of warfare One Of
these standards of ethics Is that dealing with
the treatment of prisoners of war; code for
which was drawn up in the Geneva convention
OF 1929. The United States ratified that conven-
ton in 1882 and our principal allies in the u N.
effort in Korea have similarly Endorsed it, 1t is
unthinkable that we should have violated that
code on Koje Island, Communist charges to the
contrary Notwithstanding, and permanent and
unassailable record to that effect should be es-
tablished An effective way to establish it would
be to allow mission Of the composition proposed
by President Observation-Disclosures of Sweden,
Switzerland, India, Pakistan and Indonesia-to
investigate the full circumstances of the Koje
troubles.
There is further logic in the suggestion that
the mission Of inquiry be. made up of military
men, qualified professionally to understand the
requirements of this particular phase of military
operations.
The tragic fiasco of the Koje incident is
primarily an American responsibility. AS agent
Of the u. NJ, the American military were admin
isterng an island overcrowded with an unruly
lot of prisoners. At some point, either in the
formulation of policy for handling this task or
in the execution of this policy, there has been
deplorable incompetence. The Defense Depart
ment has taken steps to correct the American
mismanagement by disciplining those who were
responsible on the scene and by changing the
command.
Obviously, however. an American investiga-
ton Of American Encouragement is not the
most suitable or convincing manner of counter
ing the wildly absurd Communist propaganda
accusations. Sweden and Switzerland, tradition
ally neutral nations, would bring to such an in
quiry proved integrity as go-betweens in inter-
national conflicts For this purpose Switzerland
has an added advantage perhaps in not being
member of the United Nations. The Asiatic coun-
tries proposed have the common merit of an I'M
derStanding and direct interest in war that is
being fought In their own area. It is clearly to
their advantage to obtain the facts and to see
that Asia In particular is not subjected to an
unanswered stream OF, falsehoods.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16
'Copt. Deur's' Memories

Your recent Fifty Years Ago in The
Star" gave great pleasure to one, Capt.
Dear, of Central track team. Today
Gen. Dear is seriously Ill in Walter. Reed
Hospital. Fifty years after-it's good to
be reminded Of old Central. winning
teams. boyhood victories and particu-
larry OF the "Star Cup" presented by
Rudolph Kaufman back on June II.
1902. in the assembly hail. Somehow
those early championship trophies over
the years grow more and more signif1-
cant.
Dick Dear.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16
Patronage or Craftsmanship?

This will be a crucial week for the remnants
OF the Federal Spoils system Vestiges Of political
patronage in three important branches of the
Government will go into discard next Friday
unless the Senate or the House interposes an
objection before then. The threat of such a
defeat for the merit system hangs over the
Senate as a result Of rejection of Presidential
Reorganization Plans g. 8 and by the Senate
Committee on Government Operations. It is
evident that the patronage forces are stub
bornly resisting the Hoover Commissions assault
on their domain.
Plan No. is the more important of the
trio because its effect would be more far-reaching
than the others. This plan would remove more
that $1,000 misunderstanding from the field of
political selection. These appointments now are
made by the President ''by and with the advice
and consent of the Senate" Testimony in the
recent Mississippi scandals revealed that poll
ticians there promised appointments to party
henchmen who made the largest gifts to the
campaign chest It is no secret that similar
favors have been bestowed in other States in the
past. FitnesS for the job to be done has been
generally secondary consideration. Under the
merit plan the postmasters would be recruited,
examined and appointed like other civil service
employes-without regard to political afiliation
or services to the party in power
Plans 3 and would apply similar civil
service selection standards and procedures to
customs officials and United States marshals
These officers, like internal revenue collectors.
hereafter would be required to demonstrate their
ability to fill their posts with efficiency and
integrity. These plans also were rejected by
the Senate committee.
So far there have been no adverse resolu-
tons on the House side and there is no indica-
ton that veto will arise there The Senate is
the chamber which has direct stake in these
anti-patronage plans and it is there that the
danger lies. Fortunately, the Reorganization
Act prevents veto except by vote Of con-
stitutional majority of either house. That will
make it bit more difficult to muster the
necessary votes to kill the plans The air is
surcharged with politics these days, but it would
reflect discredit on the Senate If politics were
allowed to interfere with reforms which the
Hoover Commission, the Civil Service Commits
sion the President and numerous outside advo-
Gates Of good government have Joined in
supporting. The next few days will tell whether
politics or craftsmanship will prevail.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16

The SeSquicentennial Commissions belated
decision to close its books and return all but
100000 OF its remaining appropriation to the
Treasury makes more sense than the various
proposals for continuing the enterprise in one
form or another. Use of 100000 of the funds to
repair the natural amphitheater in Rock Creek
Park can be justified, but 1t would have been hard
to justify revival of Faith Of Our Fathers"
the sesquicentennial patriotic drama Another
season for this show would have been bit anti
climactic and possibly expensive.
Although the executive committee of the
the curtain on the celebration permanently, the
commission did not get around to approving the
recommendation until last week. Meanwhile the
payroll Of the Sesqui staff has been maintained
at $50,00O-a-year rate and much publicity has
been issued in support Of extension Of the show.
1t was even suggested that Faith" be put into
the movies and onto the air under some arrange
ments with the motion picture and broadcasting
industries.
But others on the commission commended
that more Faith" would amount to bad faith
with Congress, which granted the original S.
million appropriation with the implicit under
standing that any balance would be returned
to the Treasury. This sound view finally pre-
vailed, with the result that more than 81 million
will be refunded to the Government. If Congress
now should decide to earmark this balance for
some project consistent with the high purposes
OF the seSquicentennial observance, the respon-
Sibility will rest where it properly belongs. Any
such decision should be made by the appropriate
Ing body, after public hearings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16
Questions and Answers

aSsstons ,se S. 'n .r,s RsTer The ss
NV. wssSineton j. D. e. and incosns s eeass
return postage or BY telephoninE ST. 1863.
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE.
@. How many nations were in ex-
istence before World War II? How
many have been added?-L. C. K.
A. The number of prewar nations
was placed at 70 by a group of leading
North American experts in interna-
tional law. though there has never been
complete agreement on what constitutes
q nation. Now there are approximately
81 political entities which are accorded
recognition for most purposes as SOW
ereign national states.
@. When did women begin to take
an important part in the national con-
ventions of the Democratic and Repub-
lican Parties?-M. M.
A. Originally women were often chos-
en- as alternates but seldom as dele
gates. Both parties recognized the i'm
portanoe of the womens vote in 1914.
and the number of women delegates
was increased to 174 In the Democratic.
and to 80 in the Republican conven-
tions. In 1948 there were 113 women
delegates and $40 alternates in the Re-
publican convention.
@. Who compiled the New England
Primer"?-K. Med.
A. This oldest Of American school
books was compiled and published be-
fore 1890 by Benjamin Harris, who was
also the publisher Of the first news
paper in what is now the United States.
This paper was "Publick Occurrences
Both Foreign and Domestick," which
was suppressed after only one issue.
on September IS, 1890.
@. Are the gypsies pure race?-
R. S. B.
A. Some groups are almost pure but
many have mixed freely with other
races. In some countries they have
been encouraged to merge with the rest
Of the population.
@. In a duel with pistols, what was
the distance between the two con-
testantS?-E. w.
A. Generally 10 PAGES taken to be IS
feet. Many were fought at shorter
distances, few at longer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16
Late Marriage

We said she matted far too long
And set her standards far too high.
"She'H neuer marry nop," ,De said
"There's no such man beneath the sky"
And euen she, perhaps, tDas quite
Astonished. ,ohen he reached her door.
The man she'd set her heart upon,
The man she'd matted, hoping for.
And ,pe, toho married wl,om ,De could.
With our complacency dbated,
Remember certain dreams. and think.
"Perhaps-perhaps. II ne had united"
I Jone Merchont (
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16
Selected Essays From a Pastors Pen

let or stanza OF poetry. appear in the
body and often end column. The
opening selection, Spires" is concluded
by John Masefield's lines.
I'VE traOel the dusty road till the light
of day Is dim,
And the sunset shoips US spires aWay
on the suorld's RIM"
Incidents are used to illustrate an
idea. The lesson in 1.-THE Sacrament of
Fire" Is pointed up through retelling
of Tennyson's famous visit to Carlyle.
The poet visited the historian, and both
old men sat wordless by an open hearth
fire for many hours. Tennyson arose
silently and started to leave Carlyle
Come again. Alfred. We've had grand,
good time"
DR.. Harris keeps a notebook of things
he sees and hears.
II put them down as seeds for the
Spires" he explained. Some of them
grow and some of them don't"
The first draft Of any essay is written
in longhand by DR.. Harris. He then
dictates it to his secretary, who types
copy for him. He then edits the copy
before sending it to The Star.
Spires of the Spirit" is read by q
wide and varied audience. Members of
many faiths have written DR.. Harris
expressing their appreciation of his
messages. Businessmen, professional
men, public figures and just ordinary
John @. and Jane K. Public have also
voiced their pleasure in these weekly
columns.
Their numerous letters started the
idea that a book might be made of
selected essays. Early last year DR..
Nolan Harmon, book editor of The
Methodist Church, approached DR..
Harris on the subject. The publication
Of the book followed
can unmistakable yearning for spirit
ual things said not in conventional theo-
logical terms may account for the essays
appeal" DR.. Harris said. These mes
sages seem to have helped some people.
and If in book form it can give wings
to help more, it is a matter of salts
faction to me-"
The easy-reading style reflects the
manner Of his speaking. People have
said upon reading an essay, 1T sounds
like DR.. Harris"
An authors party is being given for
DR.. Harris this afternoon from to 6
In the Arts Club, 2019 I street NV.
Those present and the even greater
numbers of friends unable to attend will
join in wishing God speed" to the book
form of Spires Of the Spirit"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16

Greece whales and Sardines" came
from an item relating how several whales
chased school of sardines into a
shallow bay and then could not get
out.
Special days-Mother's Day. Fourth
Of July, Christmas-provide natural
springboards for subjects. A recent
essay, June May Be Had" with the
famous lines from James Russell Lowells
poem, celebrates the optimism many
people associate with that month
Literary illusions, rejecting the au-
thor's wide reading, permeate the essays.
Felicitous quotations. frequently a COUP
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16
By Cospor Names
"Spires tohose silent finger
points to hedpen.'"

Co WROTE william Wordsworth in
~ 1.-THE Excursion" more than q CEN
fury ago.
Today volume of essays developing
the poets thought will go on sale.
Spires of the Spirit by DR.. Frederick
Brown Harris. Senate chaplain. is q
selection of 38 essays pointing out the
spiritual implications In the world to-
day. They were chosen from the series
by that name appearing Sundays on The
Stars editorial page.
It is selection covering many fields,
growing out of numerous experiences.
and commenting on multitudinous hui
man problems. But they appropriately
belong together through the spiritual
inspiration each essay contains.
The column out of which the book.
published by Abingdon Cokesbury Press
of New York and Nashville. Tenn. grew
started Informally in 1947. DR.. Harris
was asked to contribute an occasional
essay for The Stars Sunday editorial
page. His writings quickly caught the
interest of many readers, and the oc-
casional contribution became steady
Sunday Star feature.
Sprightly titles serve as starting points
for each message. They are short, catchy
and frequently give new twist to an
old idea.
This instantaneous subject selection
is something DR.. Harris hopes for each
week.
Sometimes they come like an inspira-
tion." he observed. Sometimes not SO
much"
They frequently come when least
expected. One day the Foundry Meth
odist Church minister observed casually
to Mrs. Harris, There are so few people
who understand the terrific strain of
doing anything in public. One does it
and thousand sit back and say, How
did he do?'"
why don't you write on How did
he do?'," Mrs. Harris suggested. The
preacher did, and it proved to be one Of
his best columns. s..
''Whistling a Happy Tune" is the
theme song of the musical comedy.
1.-THE King and l." The Senate chap
lain saw the play, came out whistling
the song, and took the idea for his
November II, 1851, essay.
Newspaper stories furnish many titles.
Sitting Where They Sit'' was inspired
by an account Of Associated Press Cor
respondent George Folks murder In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16
Refutes Red Propaganda

Many friends Of the United States
on this side Of the Atlantic are seri-
ously concerned as to whether America
is taking sufficiently. strong action to
refute the foul charges put forward by
Russia concerning the use of bacteri-
illogical weapons in China and Korea.
While it is admittedly difficult to
catch up with oft-repeated SANDER.
spread among, illiterate Orientals, it is
necessary, not only in the interest of
the United States but Of all the Western
powers, that this, the foulest SANDER
of the goth century, should be scotched
firmly and finally now.
An opportunity has just presented it.
self for dealing with it officially and
effectively. At the first of May demon
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16
Letters to The Star.
Pen-,,an1es may be used if letters carry
a0riters' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.

thereby would present the Board of Edu-
cation with an ideal opportunity to start
Indignation in the District schools If the
law does not permit the board to act
independently, the Board of Education.
realizing that under a segregated sys-
TEN it is impossible to run the schools
efficiently. should go before Congress and
ask revision of the existing laws.
Vera Berkman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16

The Stars readers can get the answer tn
any questions Of fact BY writing The
evening Star Information Bureau. 1900 street
NV, washington 5. D. c., and inclosinR 3 cents
return hostage or by telephoning SD 7362.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-06-16

SECTGCary.-
Federation of Citizens Associations.
Evening star., 1952-06-24
Turner Boxing Into Trim
For July ! Gavi|an Fight
BY the Assoeicted Press

PLEASANTVILLE. N. j., June
24.-n Gil Turner sticks to his
present training schedule he will
have boxed los rounds by the end
Of this week in preparation for
his assault on Kid Gavilan's well
terweight title July z at Phila-
delphia Municipal Stadium.
A final week of workouts is
tapering of training for the un-
beaten 21-year-old Philadelphian,
whose manager. George Katz.
judges his fighters by their moods.
"Gil's in swell shape all the
time, but he isn't 'srowly' yet"
Katz explained.
At nearby Summit, N. j., Gavi-
lan's managers are predicting an
early knockout for the Cuban in
his third defense Of the l47-pound
title.
Promoter Herman Taylor has
announced in Philadelphia he has
turned down a 100000 offer for
television and radio broadcast
rights for the championship
match.
Taylor has long been an oppo-
nent of televising fights.
Il think we could return the
81 million gate to boxing II fights
were not televised.' he said.
Evening star., 1952-06-24
Humble Traded 10 Texas
AS Browns Get Fast Back
By the Asseeiatsd Press

CLEVELAND, June 24.-The
Cleveland Browns, who failed to
win a championship last year for
the first time in their six-year
history, continued rebuilding op-
erations today by trading Weldon
Humble, veteran guard, and rook-
ie Halfback Bob Finnell to the
Dallas Texans for Fullback Sher-
man Howard. The speedy How
ard may be used at halfback.
Humble, an all-American at
Rice, is a 31-year-old Marine Of
flcer stationed at Quantico, Va,
but is scheduled for discharge
soon. The Browns gave up five
players to get him from the Bal
timore Colts in 1947.
Howard gained 100 yards and
caught 81 passes for seven touch
downs last year when the Dallas
franchise was under the New York
Yanks' banner. Finnell played
for unbeaten Xavier College of
Cincinnati last year.
Evening star., 1952-06-24
BY the Asseeiatsd Press

NEW YORK, June 24.-Curt
Simmons, Phillies' left-hander Is
the National Leagues earned-run
leader today although he is in a
virtual deadlock with another
southpaw. Cincinnati's Ken Raj
fensberger.
Earned-run averages compiled
by the Associated Press through
Sundays games show Simmons,
an Army sergeant only two
months ago, has given up 18
earned runs in IS innings for a
2.l6 average. The 35-year-old
Raffensberger has a 2.163 mark
with IS earned runs in l04 in
nings. Simmons has won and
lost 2, while the Reds veteran
has an s-4 record.
Garcia Leads Reynolds.
In the American League, hard
working Mike Garcia Of Cleveland
again has forged to the front with
a 1.56 record. but Allie Reynolds,
New York Yankee ace is close be-
hind with 1.60.
In compiling a 1914 record SO
far this season. Garcia has worked
l21 innings and allowed 81 earned
runs. Reynolds. who shut out
Detroit last Thursday, has given
up two fewer earned runs, but he
has pitched only lot innings.
Bob Rush of the Chicago Cubs
the National Leagues shutout
leader with four, ranks right be-
hind Simmons and Raffensberger
in earned runs. He has given up
% in ITO innings for q 2.29 mark.
Philadelphia's Robin Roberts,
an eight-game winner, Is fourth
with 2.32, followed by Brooklyn's S
Billy LoeS at 2.34, Dave Koslo of
the New York Giants, 2.57, and
Carl Erskine, another Dodger,
with 2.71.
Sal Maglie of the Giants, the
top man until his recent slump,
has permitted % earned runs in
his last "a innings "a 600 clip
to fall to eighth place at 2.80.
ShantZ Close Up.
Bobby -Shantz. the American
Leagues leading won-and- lost
pitcher with a 12-1 record, is hot
on the heels of Garcia and Rey-
nolds. The Athletics left-hander
has 1866 average on % untainted
runs in 119 innings.
The veteran Joe Dobson of Chi
Evening star., 1952-06-24
Shift Of Toledo Club
TO Charleston First
In League 's51 Years
BY the Asseeiatsd Press

CHICAGO, June 24.-The first
real franchise switch in the ST.
year history of the American Asso-
citation has transferred the opera
tion of Toledo. a charter member,
to Charleston, w. Va.
The move came yesterday after
a five-hour meeting of association
directors and a civic group from
Charleston headed by Mayor John
T. Copenhaver.
The Toledo Mud Hens will play
as the Charleston, Senators
against Louisville at Charleston
Friday night.
Other members Of the league
are Milwaukee. Kansas City. Indi-
annapolis. Minneapolis. st. Paul
and Columbus.
Toledo, currently in last place
and winner Of only one association
pennant. in 1927 under Casey
Stengel, figured in q franchise
stop-gap change in 19l4-15. The
Mud Hens were shifted to Cleve-
land to freeze out the short-lved
Federal League at that time.
Danny Menendez bought Toledo
last year from the Detroit Tigers
who had purchased the club for
Ia reported 100000 in 1948 from
the st. Louis Browns. Menendez
said that Toledo had been draw.
ing about 1.400 fans per game and
that I'VE just couldn't make ends
meet" The city's population is
$4,000 Charleston's population
lis $4,000.
The Mud Hens were operating
this season without major league
backing.
Menendez will receive $4,000
for shifting the franchise and the
Charleston group guaranteed an
average Of $500 paid admissions
for each of the IS home dates
left on the Toledo schedule.
Evening star., 1952-06-24
Monte Irwin Works Out,
May Play in Late August
By the Assecioted Press


NEW YORK, June 24.-Monte
Irwin, crippled New York Giant
outfielder, worked out for the first
time yesterday but he won't be
ready for action until late August
at the earliest.
Irwin, who suffered a broken
ankle in an exhibition game last
April 2, logged around the park
and engaged in a pepper game,
batting and fielding.
"The ankle is little stif., now"
Irwin said in the clubhouse. But
the doctor expected that. I'll take
these workouts daily. plus the
whirlpool baths, and three weeks
from now I should know just about
when II be back in the lineup"
Evening star., 1952-06-24
Flanagan Sci 10 Avoid
knockdown by Smith

Pinky George, manager of Glen
Flanagan who meets Washing
tons Gene Smith in a return
featherweight fight next Monday
night at Griffith Stadium, says it
was carelessnesS that permitted
Smith to knock down Flanagan
in their first fight. And George
doesn't think Flanagan will be
careless again.
The knockdown came in the
fifth round of their April 2 meet
ing at Uline Arena and it just
about made the difference in the
split decision favoring Smith.
The vote was protested by some
of the paying customers and tele-
vision viewers.
AS Manager George explains it,
Flanagan is one Of those cock
sure little men and he didn't
think Smith could hurt him. Well,
he just got careless and Smith
dropped him."
when he realized Smith could
and did shake him up, he got
smarter and settled down to busi-
ness. I think he won the rest Of
the way. but the knockdown hurt
in the scoring. He made enough
Of comeback to make it a close
split vote and 1t was q disputed
vote at that"
Flanagan is training for the
Tight at Philadelphia, while Smith,
too, is out of town, working under
Trainer Whitley Bimstein at Sum-
NIT, N. ]. Bimstein wanted to
take personal charge Of the con-
ditioning for this fight to work
out some of the flaws he detected
In the late rounds of Smiths last
one.
I'VE have no apologies for that
fight because I think Smith de-
served a unanimous decision. But
regardless of that, the kid will
be much better this time because
he's got a defense against Flan-
agan'S left jab and he will be in
shape for a fast finish if the fight
goes the distance"