davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-06-23
Political Captive

Today the Capital Transit Co. refused
to allow me to ride on one of its street.
cars except on sufferance of listening to
political propaganda by politician who
was soliciting votes over the radio.
Not only did the transit company force
me, against my will, to hear one candi-
date but it denied me an equal oppor-
tunity to hear any other candidate un-
less would consent to stay on the car
beyond my destination.
hope the Federal Communications
Commission will hold hearings to de-
termine if radio deals which force cap
tive transit audiences to listen to radio
programs against their will are in keep
ing with the purposes for which radio
licenses are granted. j. M.
Evening star., 1952-06-23
Letters to The Star .

minors and los, ,240 adults. The Census
Bureau says that in 1850 the population
under 81 numbered 44,024 and those
over 81 numbered 81, 1,425.
Third, as regards the working and
other population, the Census Bureau
does not have figures for those q and
over. The figures on the labor force
are for those IA and over. In 1850,
Arlington had 1O1, ,221 people IA and
over, of whom 64,915 were in the labor
force. OF these, 54,897 were civilians,
divided between 1898 employed and
914 unemployed. The report to the
Civic Federation merely stated that 27,-
127 of the 1898 were government en-
ployes.
OF the 36,306 people in the county IA
and over not in the labor force, 26, ,736
were listed as housekeepers. This does
not mean that any one classified them
as non-Workers, Mr.. Miller. The Census
Bureau simply does not include them as
part of the labor force or employed
population. OF the remainder of those
IA and over not in the labor force, there
were 1,073 unable to work, 81 inmates of
institutions and 1896 retired employees,
students, seasonal workers who were
unemployed. voluntarily idle, or un-
tabulated.
Mr.. Miller's attempt to show that the
exclusion of United States employees
from holding part-time county offices
does not affect a large proportion of
the adult population serves to bring out
how conservative the report to the Civic
Federation really was.
Harley M. Williams,
Chairman. Legislation and Le-
gal Action Committee, Arlington
County Civic Federation.
Evening star., 1952-06-23

difficult, the term keynote" is not
as recent as it sounds Nor is the
Office OF temporary chairman at ma
tional party pow-wows.
Whether Abner Lacock of Pennsyl-
vania invented the keynote is almost
as debatable as whether Abner Double
day master minded baseball. In any
event, MIR. Lacock of Pennsylvania made
some remarks as temporary chairman
some 100 years ago at a Baltimore
convention that nominated Henry Clay
who turned out not to be President
even if he may have been right.
The modern Republican Party's first
convention in 1856 had the always-ap-
pealing name of Robert Emmett to add
to the opening speech. In 1860 when
Abraham Lincoln was nominated in
Chicago. the keynoter was David Will
mot of Pennsylvania. of Wilmot Pro-
viso fame.
Evening star., 1952-06-23
Another Inquiry?

Why has the press been so critical of
Representative Gathings' resolutions to
investigate Objectionable and obscene
programs and literature?
Surely the public has right to an in
quiry when they feel the training of
American children is degenerating to
a daily diet of crime and obscenity
through picture and publication. Hun
dreds of letters from organizations and
individuals attest to their concern for
young people because of this change Of
ideas and ideals which is gradually
creeping into our culture and way of
life.
The inquiry is no infringement of
right to freedom of speech, art or the
press. Rather it is exercising a healthy
attitude on the part of the public to
voice their privilege of fright of in
quiry." There is g. vast difference be-
tween freedom and license. The public
may and should question license.
B.P.
Evening star., 1952-06-23

ments" and that their ratification is sought
by the United States only because the United
States is plotting aggression against the peoples
democracies" and wants to use the Western
Europeans as cannon fodder"
Following the Czech lead, Hungary and Po-
land have been quick to issue similar appeals,
and all the other satellites are expected to do
the same thing in one form or another, as die
tated by the Kremlins propaganda Strategists
Meanwhile, of course, in addition to the par
hamentary messages, the Soviet Union and it's
stooges continue to speak threatfully about what
may happen when and if the peace contract
and the six-nation treaty are put into effect.
Further, to emphasize the threats, physical
pressures are being exerted against Berlin as
II In preparation for new blockade and other
Red measures have increased the tension all
along the east-west dividing line in Germany.
All this, besides being designed to make
the most of the "neutralist" spirit, obviously is
meant to create fear psychology in order to
1ntimidate as many free Europeans as possible
into opposing ratification. As far as the execu-
tive branches Of the Western governments are
concerned, the resolve to ratify is very firm
but the same cannot be said of the legislative
mood That mood is uncertain and wavering
enough to suggest that the Soviet propaganda
offensive may succeeds danger that should
loom large in this weeks talks between Secre-
tary Acheson and Europe's leaders It is q dan
ger that must be countered with the utmost
vigor. for the Kremlin will win a great victory
II the parliaments fail to take favorable action.
Evening star., 1952-06-23
Tuxpuyer's Lument

I have for many years wondered why
all the people should be taxed for the
upkeep Of very large number Of re-
ligious properties in which they have no
interest.
Some religious organizations acquire
many millions of dollars worth Of prop
erty, thus taking it of the tax rolls OF
the respective States and counties in
which such properties are located, pro-
viding some sort Of religious services are
conducted on the premises at regular
stated times. Why should some other
people who belong to a different reli-
gious organization. which may not be SO
anxious to acquire vast properties. be
compelled to pay the taxes which really
should be assessed against the larger
property holder?
In every community there Is always a
very large percentage of the population
which is not interested in church work.
If they are not interested in such work.
by what right are they compelled to pay
the taxes that should be paid by those
who are interested in such work?
I am in favor Of assessing all property.
whether of religious character or not, on
exactly the same basis as that on which
all other property is assessed.
Albert ID. Rust.
Evening star., 1952-06-23
Uniform Pops Up in Ranks of Keynoters

The Republicans, in 1884, weathered
what seems to have been the first con-
vention clash over election of a key
noter. John H. Lynch, a Mississippi
Negro. won out.
Keynote speeches naturally follow a
political pattern. More than one has
opened hopefully with such assertions
as: I'VE meet here today to nominate
the next President of the United States"
;. or I'VE gather for the most fateful
convention in the history of the Re-
public
Back in 1920, Senator Henry Cabot
Lodge, grandfather of leading advocate
of Gen. Eisenhower, demanded that the
Wilson dynasty be ended and that I'VE
must be ever for Americanism and ma
tionalism and against internationalism -
He cited the high cost of living, among
other evils attributed to the opposing
party.
Representative Theodore Burton of
Ohio, whose son now sits on the Supreme
Court, claimed in 1924 that the Re-
publican Party brought the Nation out
of the depths of depression. He con-
ceded that there was evidence of wrong
doing in Government (cf. Teapot Dome)
but he declared: Il must enter solemn
protest against the impression, recently
created, that there is widespread corrup-
ton in the Government and in Wash
ington."
Senator Simeon D. Fess of Ohio
brought the delegates to their feet with
noisy acclaim in 1923 when he hailed
Calvin Coolidge as "the greatest per-
sonal and political force in the world
today"
Senator Frederick M. Steiwer of Ore
gon. in 1886, had the G. O. P. conven-
ton chanting three long years. of
Roosevelt" BY 1914, Gov Warren of
California was decrying I'll long years."
He said the Republican Party had been
in the middle of the stream all that
time and things ought to be changed,
midstream or otherwise.
Democratic keynoters were no less a
part of the passing moment and parti-
san passion. Through Democratic and
Republican keynoteS, however, runs q
remarkable picture of American politics
and history, Notwithstanding varying
interpretations or alibis.
Conventions may forget keynoters
but the record demonstrates that many
of them have been more than sufficient
to the opening day.
Evening star., 1952-06-23
Mr.. Wordsworth

Probably James Wolcott Wadsworth, Junior,
will be remembered longest for his work in be-
half Of preparedness. It was basic principle
with him that America should be strong enough
to stand alone in a chaotic and hostile world.
Lacking confidence in made-to-order schemes
of universal pacification, he argued that the
military power of the United States should be
maintained at its most effective apex. During
more than half of his career he specialized in
legislation relating to the development Of
citizen army and navy. He worked and fought
for universal military training even when it
was most unpopular.
Mr.. Wadsworth himself was q soldier. The
family to which be belonged is a dynasty of
public servants tracing back to Colonial times,
and he was worthy scion of the clan. Born in
the beautiful Geneseo Valley in 1877, he went
to Cuba and the Philippines at 21 was a member
of the New York State Legislature at rs, q mem
ber Of the United States Senate at 81. In the
latter position he served two very busy terms.
Then defeated largely because of his opposition
to prohibition, he sought election to the House
of Representatives and became one OF its most
distinguished personalities in 1882. Until his
retirement in 1950-and even afterward as pri-
vate citizen-he was respected authority in
the fields in which he specialized The first and
foremost Of these was national defense, but he
also labored constructively in foreign and domes-
tic commerce, labor relations interior affairs
and agriculture. A conservative by conviction
as well as by birth and breeding, he opposed
certain liberal" and progressive movements
because he simply did not believe that they
could be made to stick. Much Of the New Deal
was distasteful to him, but prior to and during
World War II he supported the foreign policies
Of the Roosevelt Truman administrations, and
they depended on him for the unpleasant spon-
sorship Of the selective draft legislation. Even
before Pearl Harbor he called for national unity
behind Lend-Lease.
Tall, quiet, polite, helpful neighbor. wash
ington counted him among its most interesting
residents. He has left his mark in Congress
man who won deep respect for the courage
Of his convictions, when many Of his convic-
tions were unpopular and politically dangerous.
Evening star., 1952-06-23
By THE HASKIN SERVICE


Evening Star 1nformatio1 Bureau. 1900 ] street
NV, washington 5. D. c., and inclosing cents
return postage or by telephoning ST. 1858.
By THE HASKIN SERVICE
@. Was it the custom among the
women Of ancient Sparta to hand .
shield to their sons. who were going
to war. with the words Return with
this or on it"?-D. j. A.
A. This is quoted by Plutarch in "Mo-
ralia: Sayings of Spartan Women" It
is spoken Of by other ancient writer's
as regular custom.
@. What Is the function Of the Court
of Claims. and where is it located
o. r.
A. The United States Court of Claims
was established on February Is, 1858,
to determine the validity Of certain kinds
of claims against the United States, re-
ferred to it by the Congress and the
executive departments, and to decide
suits filed with it against the Federal
Government. The court consists Of a
chief judge and district judges, and
it sits in an old building at Pennsylvania
avenue and Seventeenth street NV
next door to Blair House in WashingtonI
Evening star., 1952-06-23
Aid for Federal Annuitonts

Hopes for fair play for retired Federal
employees have risen as result of the Senate's
quick approval Of a cost -of-iving increase in
annuities of this too-long- neglected group.
About 10000 former civil service workers have
been caught in the inf1ationary squeeze between
rising prices and fixed income. Although pay
OF Government employees has been raised several
times In the past four years, annuitants are still
being paid according to 1948 scale. Many of
them are said to be in near-desperate plight
Employees who retired before 1948 are receiv-
ing on an average about 1000 year. Those
who retired after that date are receiving an
average of about $1,000 year. Meanwhile the
cost of nearly everything needed for day-by-d
existence has risen steadily-and the peak is
not yet in sight. The Senate bill would give
the annuitants up to 1924 year additional, or
Is per cent increase, whichever is the smaller.
The total cost over two-year period would be
about $62 million, all of which would come from
the retirement fund. The benefits would end
on June 80, 1854 unless Congress in the mean
time should vote to extend them.
Chairman Ramspeck of the Civil Service
Commission has questioned the soundness of
digging into the retirement fund for such an
increase He has urged that, if annuities are
raised, Congress make a special appropriation
to cover the cost. But Congress is disinclined
to appropriate additional funds for retired en-
ployes as long as the retirement fund can stand
the strain How long the fund can stand up
under this treatment is debatable question.
There are those who contend that the Federal
retirement fund need not be solvent at all times,
as 1t is inconceivable that situation could arise
requiring immediate payment of the entire sum.
Since the question of actuarial soundness of
the fund has been raised, however, the senate's
proposal for creation of three-man commits
sion to study the retirement system and report
on the stability of the funding program is wise.
Whatever the House may do about increased
pensions, the inquiry should be authorized If
the Governments retirement system Is resting
on shaky foundation, the fact should be made
known without further delay, so that necessary
corrective action can be taken by the next
Congress.
Evening star., 1952-06-23
Tribute to the Marines

Congress has paid high tribute to the Marine
Corps in passing legislation to increase not only
the size but the prestige of that famous fighting
outfit. The bill as finally approved eliminated
some provisions to which the Defense Department
properly took exception. The legislation makes it
plain, however that the corps is major combat
arm of the United States, not a mere police
agency.
The original bill would have placed floor
under Marine manpower-a provision designed
to prevent what the corps has regarded as at
tempts to "Whittle' it down to police department
size. But the other services rightly objected to
such minimum proviso on the grounds that
1t was unprecedented and unnecessary. No other
branch of the armed forces has such a personnel
floor.
The approved bill authorizes a maximum
strength of 100000 men and officers in peacetime
and provides for an organization embracing at
least three divisions and three air wings The
corps would not be required to maintain these
units at full strength, however as an earlier pro-
vision would have required.
Most important from the prestige standpoint
is the granting to the corps of co-equal repre-
sentation on the Joint Chiefs Staff in matters
that directly concern" the Marines. This is not
all that the corps had hoped for. It wanted full
representation on the jos at all times and on all
problems. This would have been curious ar
rangement, in view of the fact that the Marine
Corps is not a separate defense arm but q part
of the Navy. The Chief of Naval Operations rep
resents all parts of the Navy on the jos. The
compromise ordered by Congress will admit the
commandant of the corps to jos meetings when
ever matters affecting the Marines are to be con-
sidered With the proposed increase in the au-
thorized size of the corps, this concession was
regarded as justihable.
The unanimous approval Of this legislation
attests the respect which Congress has for the
Leathernecks, a respect which is shared by the
Nation as whole. The corps has earned this
admiration by its exploits in many wars, but
especially in the Pacific islands and in Korea.
Evening star., 1952-06-23
Arlington Civic Report

One of your frequent letter writers.
B, M. Miller, recently charged that the
Arlington County Civic Federation gave
out incorrect figures in support OF its
stand favoring United States employe
participation in our local government.
AS chairman Of the Legislation and
Legal Action Committee that reported
these figures, I would like an opportu-
nifty to set Mr.. Miller straight and those
he may have confused.
First. my report to the Civic Feder-
alton did not state that at the time
of the 1850 census there were 27,127
Federal employees in Arlington County as
alleged by MIR. Miller. quote from
the brief filed with the Court Of Appeals:
Arlington County had a population
Of 1884, 800 by the 1850 census. which also
showed that of 53,983 working residents
of the county. 27.127 or 50.3 per cent
were government employees"
We did not state the number Of Fed
eral employees because the Census Bureau
does not have such a category among
its vet unpublished preliminary employ
ment data. Unfortunately for our pur-
poses, in the 1850 census the Federal,
State. and local employees were Jumped
together under the category Of "gov-
ernment." I would also like to point
out to Mr.. Miller that D. c. govern
ment employees are also United States
Government employees and therefore af-
fected by the Circuit Court decision
holding that such employees may not
hold part-time county of1lces. The num-
ber Of State and local government en-
ployeS living In Arlington in 1850 prob
ably did not exceed 1000.
Second, MIR. Miller says the 1850 Ar
lington population consisted of $4,000
Evening star., 1952-06-23
A Monstrous Crime

In all probability Jacob A. Malik, the Soviet
representative, will veto the American sponsored
resolution proposing that the United Nations
Security Council call upon the International
Committee of the Red Cross to investigate
charges that our Allied U. N. forces have been
waglng germ warfare against the North Korean
and Chinese Communists. The men of the
kremlin, together with their puppets in Pyong-
yang and Peiping, simply cannot afford to permit
such an inquiry. They cannot afford it for the
simple reason that the findings would expose
them before the whole world as the authors of
one OF the most monstrouS lies in modern history.
This ue-directed almost exclusively against
the United States-has been ceaselessly spewed
forth for months past in all the lands behind
the Iron Curtain. Employing every conceivable
kind Of propaganda outlet, the Communists have
been publicizing 1t with such frenzy and venom
that their hate-America campaign has now
reached an unprecedented peak-or depth-of
virulence. To millions Of people trapped within
the Soviet empire and systematically cut of from
any access to the truth, the whole dirty business
must certainly sound fairly plausible by this time,
and to that extent the Kremlin probably has
succeeded in melting considerable measure of
war-breeding indignation against our country
deliberate poisoning process which in itself
adds up to an international crime of the first
magnitude.
What makes the crime doubly reprehensible
Is the fact that its perpetrators have made clear
that they and will block every effort to reveal
1t for what it is. Even in the unlikely event that
Malik, for tactical propaganda reasons does not
veto the proposed investigation, the Pyongyang
and Peiping regimes can be counted upon to keep
their borders closed to any impartial group
assigned to test the validity of their charges.
Indeed, they have long since served notice that
representatives of the International Red Cross
are not eligible to conduct an inquiry In North
Korea or Communist China. Malik himself, for
that matter, has placed himself on record-at
a meeting of the U. N. Disarmament Commission
last March, when such project was first sug-
gested-as sharing the same view.
AS the record shows, Malik-speaking for the
Kremlin-has no respect whatever for the Red
Cross On the contrary, he has smeared tan
organization whose integrity and impartiality
are unquestioned in civilized lands-as a dis
honest tool of the West Accordingly, barring
the completely unexpected, he will hardly agree
now to the American proposal to have it investi-
gate the erm-warfare charges with the aid Of
such scientists Of international reputation and
such other experts as it may select" The Soviet
Union quite obviously does not want the colossal
lie exposed. And although this attitude under
cuts the Communist propagandists In the free
world, the damnable thing is that it still makes
it impossible to get the truth through to the
people behind the Iron Curtain, where the hate
campaign is growing ever more violent and
dangerous.
Evening star., 1952-06-23

Pen-nonnes may be used If letters carry
1Oriters' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.
Evening star., 1952-06-23
Questions and Answers
By Thomos R. Henry

The Stars readers can get the answer tc
any question Of fact BY either Sritins Tn.
NV, Washington s. D. c., and inclosing 3 cents
return postage, or by telephoning ST. 1853.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1952-11-08
Harrison School News

"A fifth grade class Of Harrison School
presented an amusing Halloween play
entitled, "A Cat For Halloween" at their
regular assembly, Friday, October 81,
1880 a. m. Dolores Thomas, a member
of the class, conducted the devotions and
served as mistress Of ceremonies.
The character in the play were: The
Town Crier, Wilfred Holland Eldest Cat,
Bettye 10 Walker; Middle Cat, Brenda
Stewart; Baby Cat, Sandra Jones; Queen.
Joyce Howard; Princess, Gloria Moore
Herald, William Thomas; Doctor, LaSelle
Petty.
Members of the court were: Martha
Ann Blake, Thelma Brandon, Eloise Ruck-
CT, Tyrone Gravely, Melburn Law, and
George Leon Scott
Other members of the Class performed
in costumes representing various Halo.
ween spirits.
The play was well attended by parents
and friends Miss HairstOn, the art ard
shop teacher, assisted with scenery; Mrs.
Frances Brown, the home economics tea
cher, aided with costumes; and Mrs. Mil
dred Bailey third grade teacher, fur
nished the music.
Following the presentation of the play,
Mr.. l.. A. Sydnor Principal Of Harrison
School, made brief remarks and acknow-
lodged the presence of parents and
friends witnessing the play. Mr.. Everett
r. Shober, General Supervisor of Roanoke
City Schools witnessed 1.-THE performance.
Mrs. Beulah R. Caldwell is teacher of the
class.