davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-12-01
Thomos L. Stokes:
Forgotten Fact Of Federal Aid
Taft Confirms the Status Quo Social Gains in Nation;
States Failed in Depression, Especially in South

against direct Federal relief on
principle, finally consented to Q
bill for $500 million in loans
from the RFC to the States for
direct relief which never were
repaid and eventually were
written off.
1t was the dereliction of the
States to meet their own re-
sponsibilities that also COM
PEELED Congress. in the early
New Deal days. to move into
economic and social spheres
hitherto exempted from Fed
eral jurisdiction to pass that
body OF laws designed to pro-
tect citizens in their jobs, in
saving their homes. In SAFE
guarding investments and In
their old age. All those now
are accepted.
These circumstances often are
overlooked. but recollection n
necessary in an approach to the
overall problem.
During the depression State
Governors turned desperately to
Washington. They got the habit
Of relying upon Government
guidance and the Federal Treas
ury. They have continued to do
so in many cases rather than
act to provide State self reliance
in the social welfare field. The
irony of this whole era is that
no Governors were so insistent
upon aid, nor got so much Of it
from the Federal Government
for their States, as those in the
South where the States rights"
cry still is raised most noisily.
The only deduction from the
course of events of the last 40
years is that. If the Federal
Government is to reduce the
scope Of its activities. then the
States must do more for them
selves. Consequently, the pro-
posed Taft commission inevita.
bly, must spend great part Of
its time canvassing that end Of
the problem. Even with that, it
will find. as Senator Taft him
self realizes, that the Federal
Government must continue to
play an important role. For.
no matter how the States jack
themselves up in this respect.
there are still some unable to
finance programs to provide
standards which we have come
to recognize as proper for our
people in such a rich Nation
so favored by nature and by our
own ingenuity.
Evening star., 1952-12-01
Doris Fleeson
New Ero's Charley Nicholson
g. Q. P. Wonders If 1t Con Avoid Committee Struggle

cans generally feared his shafts
as much as Democrats rejoiced
in them.
Gov. Stevenson expects to tell
President Truman at. their con-
ference here next week that
National Chairman Stephen
Mitchell wishes to stay on and
that it is agreeable to Mr..
Stevenson to have him do so.
Mr.. Mitchell is new and rela-
lively unknown to the party,
but for the present at least there
will probably be no struggle
over the Craftsmanship.
Republicans are wondering if
they can avoid one in their
national committee since Arthur
Summerfield of Michigan has
announced that he would resign
when he takes the oath as POST
master General in the Eisen-
hover Cabinet.
The G.. o. p. committee has
been a conservative stronghold.
1t always accepted Gov. Thomas
E. Dewey grudgingly and openly
pressed the candidacy of Senator
Taft during the last few years.
It's dominant majority was
beaten in the Southern delegate
contests at Chicago, a victory
that put several new pro-
Eisenhower members on the
committee itself. There have
since been other requirements
of conservatives by younger and
more progressive committeeman
and committeewomen.
The national craftsmanship
is viewed as Presidential or
Presidential nominees preroga-
tive. Probably few would care
to dispute openly with an
Eisenhower selection for the
post.
Still the factions are there
in the national committee. Nor
is 1t likely that veteran mem
bers will be content to sit idly
by and let Presidential Assistant
Sherman Adams and Attorney
General Herbert Brownell have
all the say about patronage
matters.
Something will depend on
Evening star., 1952-12-01
Dulles Needs Good Desk Aides
His First ask Is to Obtain Competent Division Chiefs
In Lower EeheIons of Top-Heoyy Stote Department

dealing with that country's af-
fairs presented to his superiors
in Washington only a skeleton
lied evaluation of the Ambas-
sador's dispatches "colored" with
his own political views. This
official was transferred to
foreign post only three weeks
before November 4.
The principal duty of the
Secretary of State is to make
policies. But Mr.. Dulles has
learned from the experiences
OF a number of his predeces-
sors, such as former Secretary
OF State James Byrnes and
others. that unless he has a
staff on which he can absolutely
rely. he is bound to stub his
toe.
Since Mr.. Dulles himself can
not devote too much time to
kitchen work." he must rely
first of all on an effective un-
dersecretary who in turn should
choose the so-called middle and
lower echelon officers for their
experience and unflinching 10y
atty to the Nation and their
superiors.
In the past, the position Of
underSecretary. the chief of staff
OF the secretary, was frequently
considered a political plum. It
is highly unlikely that Gen.
Eisenhower and Mr.. Dulles will
take the same view as some Of
their predecessors.
According to reports circu-.
lated recently in Washington,
several career men, such as Am
bassador to Japan Robert Muir
ply, Ambassador to France
James Dunn and Ambassador
to Iran 10y Henderson, are
among others on a list of pros
pective choices for the position
Of undersecretary.
A number of foreign service
officers who have been forced in
the last few years to seek their
freedom Of thinking in retire.
Evening star., 1952-12-01

rights" exclusively, though evi-
IDENTIFY some do. The Nation is
far beyond that. The principle
of Federal-State cooperation is
too deeply imbedded in statutes
long accepted. Furthermore,
Senator Taft, himself, is on rec
ord, both in words and deeds,
not only for Federal-State
sharing arrangement in many
fields, but for complete Fed
eral stewardship in at least one
field.
For example, he accepts the
Federal minimum wage law and
sponsored in the Senate the in
crease eventually voted by the
81st Congress from a statutory
20 cents an hour to IS cents.
He also sponsored a public hous-
ing bill which provoked the real
estate lobby to tag him q $50
cialist," as well as a Federal aid
to education bill which the Sen.
ate passed but which was pig
eon-holed by the House. It
might be interjected here that
the principle of Federal aid for
housing was established by Fed
eral statute as far back as 1887,
while the minimum wage act
originally was enacted in 1898.
During his campaign for the
Republican Presidential nomi-
nation, Senator Taft expounded
his own philosophy. This was
that, where States are unable
because of insufficient taxable
resources to provide minimum
food, sh elter, education and
health facilities for citizens who
otherwise would be denied them,
the Federal Government must
contribute. There are States in
that category.
There is another complica-
ton beyond lack of taxable re-
sources so far as States are con-
cerned. This is the failure Of
some States to recognize their
own responsibilities in the social
welfare field, an attitude of
apathy and lethargy.
We may recall that it was
because of the financial strin-
gency of States that Congress in
backing up the Roosevelt I'd
ministration as it began to
cope with the depression it had
inherited, voted to provide di-
rect relief for depression vic
Tins. It is now forgotten also
that in the previous administra-
tion, President Herbert Hoover,
who stood firm for so long
Evening star., 1952-12-01
Fletcher KnebeI:
Potomac Fever

Ike Senator Henry Cabot Lodge ambassador
United Nations Lodge
famiesand prominently leading
exports.
Ike Emmet Hughes, a magazine writer as White
House assistant ghostwrer has tough time keeping up with
Ike The Presidentelect loves to exensiveyusuay
tween the subject and the predicate of each sentence
Clayton Fritchey Stevenson campaign aide named
Democratic chairman Fitchey will spend the
egic researchyou missing
persons.
Republicans again boost Senator Bridges for reelection
Senate G. O. floor leader After ALL Taft can't everything
hes already been introduced to fellow in cabinet
President Truman sees his last ArmyNavy
mander-n-che Nostalgia and sad, the
sing that famous ballad Seven Wrong
Senator Smathers coumnists write on
the Socialist side Now who do the buns
forgot to mention that guys again this month?
Senate ani-cnsohip committee the
withheld information that should public The
administration merely trying to wait give
some good with the bad-but you time flies.
Evening star., 1952-12-01
Thon1os L. Stokes:

The Eisenhower Administra-
tion will open with no new and
far-reaching reforms in the
social welfare field. This was
obvious enough in the Republi-
can Party platform, in Presi-
dent-elect Eisenhower's CAM
paign and in what has trans
pired since the election, though
he did pledge that present So
cial gains would be maintained
and that there would be an ex-
pansion in the social security
act itself, which. however, is
not q new departure.
The status quo now is con-
firmed by the one man who will
have more to say about Con-
gress than any other. Senator
Taft. It Is his idea that any
further Federal legislation In
three areas about which contro-
versy now chiefly centers-
health. education and housing
should be deferred pending an
investigation by a special COM
mission. That commission would
seek to determine just how
much the Federal Government
should participate in these fields
and how much should be left to
the States. He estimates such
an inquiry would take at least a
year.
What is projected, then, for
the Eisenhower Administration
in its early stages is an attempt
to regularize and clarity Fed
eral-State relationships in the
social welfare realm, and to set
specific standards.
Nobody need expect, as q re-
suit Of the election. that there
will be q return to States
Evening star., 1952-12-01
Doris FIeeson:

The Charley Nicholson of the
ut-of-power Democrats during
the Eisenhower era will be Clay
ton Fritchey, one of President
Truman's administrative assist
ants.
Mr.. Fritchey had long been
a newspaperman in the South
and was executive editor of the
New Orleans Na0 Item when
he agreed to come to Washing
ton to head the public informa-
tion division of the newly
created Department of De-
tense. He transferred to the
White House about a year ago.
Following Gov. Stevenson's
nomination last summer, Mr..
Fritchey joined the candidates
Springfield headquarters to act
as liaison between the President
and the Governor. Last week,
Gov. Stevenson invited him to
join conferences at the Illinois
capital about the party's future
course and persuaded him to
accept the public relations post
at the Democratic National
Committee.
It was from this vantage point
that the late Charles Nicholson,
a New York World veteran,
achieved legendary political
repute for his successful on
slaughts upon the last Repub-
lican administration, especially
its luckless head, Herbert
Hoover. A superb technician,
Nicholson was the most famous
ghostwriter of his day.
Mr.. Fritchey. a slight man
with an engaging smile, is po-
lite and soft-spoken in his pri-
vate contacts, as indeed was
Mr.. Nicholson. What he can
and will produce in the way of
partisan ammunition remains to
be seen.
Mr.. Michelson's gifts in that
direction are perhaps best de-
scribed by his statement in his
memoirs that though he often
encountered ex-President Hoo
yer, Mr.. Hoover never even rec
ognized his presence. Republic
Evening star., 1952-12-01
Constantine Brown:

Secretary Of State-designate
John Foster Dulles realizes that
his first task in the weeks be-
fore he takes over full RESPONSE
bility for our foreign relations
is to obtain the help of assist
ants not only on the policy
making level but in the middle
and lower echelons Of the pres
ent top-heavy State Depart
ment.
The chiefs of desks or geo.
graphical divisions who handle
the reports of the ambassadors
abroad; the men who handle
the departments personnel and
the various advisers. some Of
whom are never heard of by
the public. are the important
cogs in the State Department.
And unless these officials are
absolutely above water, the
work Of any Secretary of State.
regardless Of how competent he
may be. can be severely handi-
capped.
AS an illustration, the Ameri-
can Ambassador in a European
capital which has become i'm
portant recently to our defense
policies related to this reporter
the following story: Last sum-
mer he attended a conference of
ambassadors and high level
State Department representa-
tives in Paris. He gave them a
complete survey of the situa-
ton In his area. But to his
astonishment the State Depart
ment policy-makers appeared
uninformed about the funda-
mentals Of the situation. He
was asked why he had not re-
ported these facts earlier as
completely and clearly. The
Ambassador replied that he had
been cabling all this informa-
ton and his own estimates reg
ularly to the State Department.
1t eventually developed that the
officer in charge Of the "desk"
Evening star., 1952-12-01

ment may be called back to duty
to serve as assistant secretaries.
Other younger officers who were
"exiled" to faraway posts he.
cause they did not fit into the
pattern of the State Department
in recent years are said to be
available for duty in Washing
ton as security officers-a highly
important JOB these days-and
chiefs of desks to handle the
reports from the various foreign
countries.
Mr.. Dulles is said to recog-
nize that before he undertakes
any policy making he must
first surround himself with
men who will be able to put
into effect Loyalty the policies
of the new administration and
will not be afraid to present
their own reactions to whatever
they think may be wrong. The
present job of the Secretary Of
State is so over-burdening that
no man can expect to be sue
cessful unless he delegates
authority. But in order to do 50
he must have complete con-
f1dence in the men with whom
he must share his task.
There will be, of course.
political pressure brought on the
secretary designate to reward
deserving Republicans regard.
less Of their experience In the
complicated foreign field. AS q
rule deserving partisans are
made ambassadors or ministers.
In these days of direct COM
munication from government
to government they require only
a perfunctory diplomatic know
how. But Mr.. Dulles is said to be
definitely determined not to
permit patronage dispensers to
interfere with the internal or.
ganization Of his department.
on which the foreign policies Of
this country depend to q much
greater extent than on the
chiefs Of missions abroad.
Evening star., 1952-12-01

whether Senator Taft thinks it
worthwhile to try to maintain
. his dominance of the committee.
The Senator from Ohio is not
interested in the forms of power
but in its substance. He has
acknowledged the altered situa-
ton by his decision to seek the
majority leadership with its
continuous contact with the
White House. He may feel that
the committee is a back number
now, not worth a struggle.
The guardian., 1952-01-05
Blue EAGLE NEWS
By Borber Shop Chord

Teetotalers' Day was celebrat-
ed by only one or two diehards
when 1852 was ushered into a
world on the verge of strife.
Our operators are watching the
barometer on haircuting, sham
poo and shaving economic prob
lens after a year of deep-seated
uncertainty.
Operator Davis scans the hori-
zon with ideas of a gastronomic
plunge in order to satisfy his de-
sires o fwearing chapeaux like
those which dangle at rakish
angle o nour columnist's pate.
Doc, one of the managers of
this 5O-year-old journal claims
we look the part of a robust
Methodist bishop Can you ina
CINE this for comparison? From
sublime to ridiculous" it would
be for any old time Bostonian to
pass this columnist by and fail
to hail him in the person of a
well-known assistant doorkeeper
of the Massachusetts General
Court, who at Sle period of his
life wore the tonsorial jacket,
Hail to a New Year of better
Jokes Of getting by on our faces,
looks and old age pensions!
The guardian., 1952-01-05

England Conservatory of Music,
will play the piano in a Student
Recital Tuesday afternoon, Janu-
ary 8, at los in Recital Hall of
the Conservatory She will play
Chopin's Nocturne in E minor
and Mendelssohn's Scherzo in E
minor. The publis is cordially
invited to attend; no tickets
necessary.
The peoples Bapt. Church
senior choir, Florence Heggie
Taylor, director will give a con-
cert at the Church, Tuesday
night, Jan. II, under auspices of
the Sewing Circle.
Pfc. Ronald Polk, son of Mrs.
Helen Polk, 592 Columbus ave-, is
home o nfurlough from Ft. Jack
son, sc. Pfc Polk entered the
Army last March Before en-
tering the service he was stu
dent at the Boston Trade School.
At Ft. Jackson heis studying
business administration.
Col. ave. A.M.E. Bion Church
Choir rendered to a delightful
audience the cantata prince of
Peace.
The guardian., 1952-01-05
DO YOU KNOW MASSACHUSETTS?
Compiled by State PIonnins Boord)

DO YOU KNOW THAT. J..
People are turning again to sea-
shore towns of Massachusetts for
year-around residence, a rever-
sion to the movement of the first
settlers, as shown by the migra-
tion trends between 1910 and
1850. In that period the Is
Cape towns of Barnstable County
had a net immigration of resi-
dents equal to 1875 per cent of
their 1910 population, eight shore
towns between Boston and the
canal averaged 15.9 per cent, six
towns on Buzzards Bay 11.6 per
cent, and nine shore towns north
of Boston averaged 8 per cent.
All but g. of 38 mainland
shore resort towns had a net in
crease of residents through mi
grafton. Food prices in
Massachusetts, in Novem b r
reached an all time high level,
110.7 per cent above the prewar
average, 1935-1929, and lis per
cent higher than a year ago, as
The guardian., 1952-01-05

American made cancer treatment equipment and
most of them the first Of their kind in Norway we're re-
ceved recently by the Oslo Radum Hospital as gift from
Middleweght Champion Sugar Ray" Robinson Inc
equipment valued at $10O0O procured in the United
states bv CARE DR. REIDER EKE director Of the Radium
Hospital is shown explaining the of some OF the
instruments to MISS AASLAUG AASLAND, Norwegian
Minister for Social Welfare while BERTRAMD D. SMUCKER
CARE Mission chief in Norway and of the nurses look
ON.
The guardian., 1952-01-05

Cuzzens who shared honors with
Gladys McAdoo in the fine ar
rangements of the Latin Quar-
ter affair of the NAACP, spent
the holidays in Baltimore. /.
Col. and Mrs. Frank M. Snow
den of Harold st. enjoyed holi-
day visit to relatives and friends
in Dee Gee (where the Frank
Jrs. were the hosts and in Vir-
ginia at the home Of Mrs. Snow
den's brothere where they had
Xmas dinner. Col. Snowden's
mother in Va. was also happy
to see them. Hobert and
Lerlaine Levister of 1856 Har-
rishof st. we're host and hostess
at a Merry Xmas night party,
entertaining large group of
the younger set. Mr.. Eugene
C. Roundtree enjoyed a holiday
visit TO his great-grandson, Eu-
gene ". Roundtree, III in Hing
ham, Mass. Xmas and New
Years greeting cards and gifts
continue to make the editor
happy. Everyone remembers the
fire at 932 Tremont st. that
drove her and the aoctor out of
house and home hine months
- esnd destroyed or greatly
dsn,a dsu aged Rs household
Goods wen, 9et me, list remem-
brances from the following: Mr..
and Mrs. Francis Barton (who
every summer bring the editors
bountiful baskets Of vegetables,
fruits and eggs from their farm
in Saugus), Happy Watson Cole
man Ia basket of fancy eataoles
and other articles, Lillian VIII
Iiams (and donation), Attorney
Julian D. Rainez anniversary
donation), Blanche Chapman Of
Needham (and donation), Pas
tors Club of st. Mark Church,
VIM c Handy with an original
poem dedicated to those who
can not see, as himself), Pro-
gressive Hairdressers' Assn, Ru-
fus and Lucinda (H ggie)
Whatley of Camden, N. j., Les
ter and Thelma Benn, Mrs. Jen-
ME Mum of Conn. (an original
Guardian subscriber), Mrs.
Mayme cambridge land a New
Years box of good things to
eat). All ready now for the
Delta's "Tropicana" in John
Hancock Hall, Jan. IA and Is.
The guardian., 1952-01-05

reported by the Division of ne
cessaries of Life. Total cost of
living was 75.7 per cent above
prewar and IA per cent above
November last year. Massas
chusetts factory employment iR
October fell off 3.5 per cent and
payrolls IL per cent from the
war boom level of year ago,
but average weekly earnings per
worker increased $1O2, Dept. of
Labor and Industries reports. i.
The IL major industrial centers
having highest weekly earnings
per factory worker were West
Springfield, $81.38; Lynn, $8O47;
Beverly, $75.68; Everett. $75.43;
Worcester, $72.04; Quincy, $68.55;
Gardner, $6756; Pittsfeld, $6735;
Chicopee, $67.O6; Waltham and
Fitchburg each $66.5O The
State Planning Board hEsasss-1lnderl
taken study to provide means
by which the public can be
assured of adequate facilities for
ocean beach recreation.
The guardian., 1952-01-05
Do You Need Money?

tience with the short-sighted
prejudices of little people, He IS
broad and liberal. He remerss
bers Editor Trotter when both
had offices on Pemberton square.
He knows lawyers Benjamin and
Dorch.
Should you need his services
you will find him a most agree
able person to consult as many
others have. Phone him Ii o
3O13 or call at the Office between
8 and 5.
The guardian., 1952-01-05
Morgan kemorI
To Mark 50Fh
Year OF Service

A year-long observance during
1852 of a half century of service
to the underprivileged and hand
icapped by Morgan Memorial
Goodwill Industries = which
originated in Boston = got off to
a colorful start on New Years
Day with unique float in the
spectacular Rose Bowl parade at
Pasadena, California.
The Goodwill Industries start
ed in Boston and has now spread
to more than 108 cities in the
United States and Canada. Dur
ing the past year at Boston's Nor
gan Memorial, more than 1000
handicapped persons have been
employed in reclaiming discard
ed merchandise and learning to
earn their own way.
Handicapped people decorated
the float which had a series of
four platforms each dramatically
portraying some phase of Good
will work shops with the theme
Training - Jobs - Wages -
For the Handicapped" Eleanor
Payne, Miss Goodwill Industries
of America and the 1851 Rose
Queen, was shown welcoming a
handicapped worker to Goodwill
Industries.
Approximately $4,000 blooms
were used, NUNS, carnations,
roses, delphinium and corn
flowers.
On the back of the float was
an outline of the very familiar
Goodwill Bag and the inscription
Fill a Goodwill Bag - Keep a
Handicapped Worker Gainfully
Employed"
The guardian., 1952-01-05

J cups sifted enriched -four
y cup sugar
teaspoons baking powder
Y teaspoon salt
teaspoon soda
y teaspoon ginger
Sift together flour, sugar, baking
powder, salt. soda, ginger, cinna-
mon and cloves. Combine eggs,
molasses, sour milk and shorten
ing. Add to -four mixture stirring
until smooth. Pour into CREASED
The guardian., 1952-01-05

One of the most genial and
friendly of men is MIR. H. B.
Budding of the Company by that
name, that has been serving the
public with personal and mort
gage service since 1899. Seated
in his well appointed offices on
the ninth floor of the Little
Building, Rooms $50, 831, corner
Boylston, and fremont Streets,
he delights his friends with his
keen observations on current and
racial matters. He has no pa
The guardian., 1952-01-05
GINGERBREAD

u teaspoon cinnamon
u teaspoon cloves
? eggs, beaten
u cup molasscs
cup sour milk
Y cup melted shortening
muffin pans or 2 s-inch layer pans.
Bake in moderate oven (375sF.l
about 20 minutes for mullins or
80 minutes for layers.
Makes about 16 2-inch mullins or
or 2 8-ineh layers.
The guardian., 1952-01-05
Oil Search Expensive

Nearly everywhere in the
United States, and especially east
Of the Mississippi, it is becoming
more difficult and more costly to
find new, undeveloped oil fields.
Some 10 years ago in the East,
about 19 per cent of the oil in
dustry's income was being ex-
pended on the search for new oil.
At the present time, the struggle
to keep oil production in balance
with consumption in this region
is costing IS per cent or more of
income.