davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-07-18
Mossodeqh Moves On

While it may be too early to forecast a
precise effect, the resignation of Iranian
Premier Mossadegh offers hope that one of the
major problems facing Western diplomacy may
be closer to solution.
Mohammed Mossadegh became head of the
Iranian government early last year. Fiercely'
nationalistic, he drove through subservient
Parliament the necessary legislative authority
for appropriation in the name of the government
Of the British-operated petroleum industry and
Stubbornly resisted all efforts, including British
and American, to find grounds for settlement OF
the controversy. For nearly is months the
industry has been closed down tightly in Iran.
Deprived of its major source of revenue, the
national economy slowly ran down despite inter-
national barter deals, forced bond purchasing,
bank loans, issuance of extra notes against
the currency and default on contractual obliga-
tions. BY trading with religious extremists who
have neither knowledge nor interest in the
outside world and the problems of 20th-century
political and economic existence, the aged and
emotional Premier won nominal election victory
earlier this year. His arbitrary demands for
reappointment and confirmation by large ma
jorities in the Parliament followed closely by
further demands for unlimited powers, really
were signs of his weakening control. The
Parliament responded only reluctantly and the
Shah seized the opportunity to force Mossadegh's
resignation by refusing to grant his requests for
broadened authotity.
Although Mossadegh has been firmly anti
Communist and anti-Soviet throughout his
public lfe the extent to which his recent policies
have weakened Iran has given great concern
that the Communist Tudeh Party might at any
moment stage coup and take over the Teheran
government The fact that the Shah clearly
pro- Western in his sympathies, has now forced
an end to the Mos$adegh administration and has
approved the nomination of Ahmed Qavam,
former Premier and moderate rightiSt, as success
sor indicates thst the young ruler feels he still
has the military and political strength to resist
any such subverSve effort
It is unlikely in the extreme that any effort
will be made now, or ever, to revoke the
naturalization law or to force abandonment of
that principle. 1t is much more hkely-and it
is much more imIortant-that new efforts will be
undertaken to establish terms on which operation
of the oil industry may be resumed, with both
Iranian and British interests accorded rightful
consideration. The resolution of this impasSe
on mutually agreeable grounds would contribute
greatly to keeping Iran securely within the
community Of free nations
Evening star., 1952-07-18
Lottimore Report

How deeply the poison of McCarthyism
has pentrated into American life is
something we do not always realize.
Sometimes we take it's corruption for
granted. That is what The Star did a
week or two ago in its editorial about
the apology to Professor baltimore.
In a comment about a forthcoming
Senate effusion on baltimore, The Star
said-in an anti-climax that would have
been ridiculous if it hadn't been so
revealing-that the Senate committees
printed criticism Of baltimore would
be "scathing and perhaps well 'docu-
mented." In other words, scathing and
maybe true!
How can The Star feel justified in
taking seriously report which it admits
is only perhaps" true?
VntAP
Evening star., 1952-07-18
New Torget-the FiIibuster

The Democratic civil rights plank of 1913
was reduced to rhetoric instead Of legislation
when it reached the Senate. The reason for this
was the Senate's liberal rules of unlimited debate,
under which flibusterS are possible Senator
Lehman of New York and other forces in Chi
cago who are pulling for stronger statement
on civil rights this time than in 1948 want to
couple it with a declaration of some sort against
the Senate hlibuster, thus pin-pointing their
real target.
It is entirely possible that they will succeed
In obtaining such declaration, with or without
q walkout by Southern delegates For their
purpose is propaganda. But the propaganda Is
not necessarily based on any real belief that
plank in a Democratic convention platform Is
going to make any dent in Senate rules. The
Senate makes its own rules. It Is jealous OF this
prerogative as well as of the Senate's reputation
as the greatest deliberative body remaining In
the world today There is plenty OF experience
to show that Senators who may be wholly in
favor of the objectives Of legislation blocked by
flibuster are not in favor Of changing the rules
under which f1libusters are made possible.
The first rule limiting Senate debate was
applied in the heat of the First World War.
Under it, cloture could be invoked by the vote
of two-thirds of the Senators present and voting.
The rule was on the books for 80 years, and in
that time cloture was attempted 19 times, but
was successful in only four attempts. And in
these four times, cloture was invoked more be-
cause of growing willingness for vote on the
contested legislation than because of any genuine
opposition to the filibuster itself.
In 1949, following the defeat of legislation
designed to make effective parts of the Demo-
cratic civil rights plank; new cloture rule was
adopted. It was sponsored by the late Senator
Wherry of Nebraska, then Senate minority leader,
and Senator Hayden of Arizona, Democrat.
The vote for it's adoption was So to g. Under it,
debate can be limited on "any matter" before
the Senate, including motion to take up legis-
lation-for it was against such motions that
latter-day filbusters have been directed It now
requires an affirmative vote by two-thirds Of the
Senate membership-or "a Senators-to apply
cloture under this rule. But cloture cannot be
applied on any proposal to change Senate rules,
including the rule on cloture
While the Senate hlibuster is a convenient
target, there will be more Senators defending
the target than there are Senators opposed to
radical civil rights legislation itself. Some Of
the great f1libusters of the past were conducted
by men who were the outstanding liberals" Of
their day, when liberalism had another meaning.
Evening star., 1952-07-18
Hot Weather Kindness
S. ID.

During our heat spells may human
hearts realize that water and shade are
primary needs of animal friends and
helpers-pets. draft and barnyard
creatures, birds and certainly homeless
strays. They cannot go to drugstores for
cooling drinks. but must so depend upon
us that they must suffer intensely,
though silently, If we neglect them. So
always keep fresh, cool water before
them in shady resting places.
Gladly give the Scriptural "cup Of
cold water to the least of these"
Virginia w. Sargent,
Animal Protective Association.
Evening star., 1952-07-18
Republican Learns Something

Your front-page story July IL. ''Eisen-
hover Spokesman Tells How Taft Lost
on Blunders." Is most interesting-and
revealing. Your reporters write: 1--WE
had fought Taft and his crowd four
times BEFORE" one Of the Eisenhower
top strategists explained. Apparently
they never learn anything" The claim
OF the Taft people that the group behind
Eisenhower is the same crew that put
over Willkie in 1910 and Dewey in 1914
and 1948 is thus concretely confirmed.
This top Eisenhower man boasts of
beating Taft four times before but
failed to admit that the Republicans
had also lost the four elections backing
the candidates with whom they beat
Taft. Will they be consistent and lose
the fifth election? The Star and other
newspapers and news commentators
have made consistent reference to the
Republicans Oed by Taft again snatch
ing defeat from the jaws of victory"
This top Eisenhower strategist is ad-
mittedly one Of the boys who did just
that in 1948. It was not Taft! These
same fair-play boys had no complaints
about the rules of the conventions of
1914 and 1948. It should be noted that
Taft has never been beaten by Demo-
crat. 1t takes Republicans, so-called
liberal" Republicans, at national con-
ventionS! Well! q lot of Republicans
have learned something. It is more i'm
portant to beat Taft than to win the
election. Some of us are beginning to
think that is the strategy: Keep win
ner out of the race, he might upset
somebody's apple cart.
They did this four times before and.
as an earnest Republican who had not
learned anything, supported the men
Evening star., 1952-07-18
Roads Once Loved -.

The old roads tDere like old-time friends,
They neDer seemed to rush along
But took time of TO rest q,c]1iIe
And listen to the tliruslks song. :.
Who knetu the old roads also knew
They Gl,Days sought singing stream
Where one could spend an afternoon
And iDeGve the fabric of dream.
The highways OF today and roads
OF yesterday haze met and crossed.
But roads once loped liue in the heart
And are not euer wholly lost.
"A lnez Clark Thorson
Evening star., 1952-07-18
'TeIevised Convention
Old Annuitant.

The Sunday Star carried 'front.'
page article on the objection Of tele-
vision and radio listeners to the
universal coverage of the Republican
Convention. Many felt that regular
programs should take precedence over
the convention.
wish to voice protest to that por-
tion (both young and ODD Of the Dis
trict's population. 1t is the opinion Of
many of us that the radio and espe-
cially the television by its presence
at the convention and the COM
mittee meetings brought about many
changes of historic import to the
Republican Party and to the Nation.
Through this medium the eye of
the Nation was upon that conven-
ton. AS a housewife and a freedom
owing American, feel that no person
has any complaint to offer to those
reporters who labored around the clock
to bring us closer to the workings Of our
Government. It is only through knowl-
edge by the people-all the people from
the small child to the centenarian-that
democracy will live through the crises
that are to come as we face another
theology as strong as ours. No child old
Evening star., 1952-07-18
Advisory Council and Public Meetino.

In creating the Citizens Advisory Council the
Commissioners made the rule that Reports and
recommendations of the council acting as an
advisory body to the Board of Commissioners,
should be furnished only to the Board of Com
missioners" In outlining the duties of the
council to the Senate committee which held
hearings on the District reorganization plan,
Engineer Commissioner Robinson made the same
point: "The council shall report only to the Board
of Commissioners"
In making this rule, the Commissioners may
have had in mind the experience of the Citizens
Advisory Council Of 1925. Invited by con-
greSSional committees to advise them on District
legislation the council of that day incurred some
jealousy from the Commissioners by making
reports to Congress which, in effect, bypassed
the Commissioners. This time the Commissioners
wish it understood that the advice of the council
is intended for them-and no one else. The
council has no legislative or administrative
functions.
The rule is probably sound one, but it
necessarily precludes open meetings OF the
council when celebrating it's own decisions on
what to advise the Commissioners. For If the
decision on such advice is reached in public, the
council would be reporting to the public before
reporting to the Commissioners In discussing
with the Commissioners the final figures of the
budget for the next fiscal year, moreover, the
council will be dealing with matters which,
under Budget Bureau regulations, are considered
confidential until revealed in the Presidents
budget message to Congress.
Despite such limitations on public meetings,
the council has shown every indication Of wanting
to operate in public and to let the public in on
the matters which come before it. That is the
correct attitude and it will be generally helpful
If it becomes the accepted principle. Executive
sessions for the deliberation of council recon-
mendations do not nullify the principle.
Evening star., 1952-07-18
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

By THE HASKIN SERVICE
@. Is there recent estimate of the
amount of oil reserves in the United
States?-H. G. X.
A. The American Petroleum Institute
is credited with statistics which show
reserves or quantities Of crude oil re-
naming in the ground Of 27,468, 900 900
barrels as of December 81, 1851. In
addition to the above quantity of crude
oil, the American Gas Association esti-
mates reserves Of 4,725. .000,000 barrels
of natural gas liquids, so that we had
a total reserve Of 32,193 100000 barrels
Of liquid hydrocarbons at the begin
ming Of the current year. This total
represents gain Of 2,657, 900 barrels in
our reserves during the year 1851.
@. When did the Secret Service un-
dertake to guard the President of the
United States?-T. z.
A. Congress gave this responsibility to
the Secret Service after the assassina-
ton Of President Mckinley. The first
White House detail Of the Secret Service,
unit Of the Treasury Department. went
to work during the administration Of
Theodore Roosevelt.
@. What Is the derivation Of the word
umbrella" &c. u.
A. It comes from o Latin word mean
ing 'little shadow" The first umbrellas
were sunshades which slaves Of ancient
Assyria and Egypt held over the heads
OF their masters. In some countries
umbrellas still are q sign Of rank.
O. Were many American soldiers In
Europe on We day?-H. d. II.
A. There were approximately 3 million
United States soldiers In the European
theater of operations on We day. Nav
8, 1945.
Evening star., 1952-07-18
Drafting Truman

OIUItlu9 lIumUH
A draft by the Democratic convention
Of President Truman for a third presi-
Dental term is now being declared by
some editors and commentators to be
a strong possibility.
This exists, as recently stated in the
New York Times. despite the ample
evidence, private as well as public, of
his sincerity in saying he would neither
seek denomination nor accept draft"
The Democratic Party and Mr.. Tru-
man would commit an inexcusable blum
der If such denomination were made:
among numerous reasons are the follow
ing:
The President is the only person living
whose denomination would violate the
spirit of the Constitution of the United
States as recently amended.
He has himself publicly declared that
his denomination would do violence to
the spirit of the Constitution and that
he would not accept 1t.
The President has truthfully declared
that there is no such person as the in
dispensable man.
The nomination of President Truman
would be the only choice that could be
made that would show absolutely that
the party and the candidate were putting
party interests above the spirit Of the
Constitution.
A fourth and even fifth term are no
more contrary to the letter and the
spirit of the Constitution as amended
than third term would be. The Presi-
Ienf,c reuounina tiOn would ho IN nffoct
an assertion by the party and the can
didate that he might continue to run
every four years until his death. This
would fulfill, for second time,
prophecy once made by Thomas Jeffer-
son that if the no-third term precedent
were ever broken, the incumbent would
serve during his life.
Eugene w. Burr.
Evening star., 1952-07-18
.,nEN71nNS ARE

enough to appreciate the vicissitudes of
Hopalong Cassidy is too young to be
taught the import of the conventions
TV coverage and to share in its excite
ment. It is by making the necessary
intellectual effort to interest the chill
dren in the functioning of democracy
that the parents today can help insure
a free world for their children tomorrow.
Laissez faire means democracy beware.
Lester Dessez HAZEL.
Evening star., 1952-07-18
Questions and Answers

The Stars readers can get the answer 70
any, any question Of fact BY either Srttins The
NV, washington 5. .. c., and inclosine 3 cents
return postage. by telephoning ST. 1868.
Evening star., 1952-07-18
After-Dinner Speech

To the victor belongs the spoils: and
may, say to Joel T. Rogers that we
boastful Taftites are now eating Of
the very largest Of the species brachyr-
hynchos.
The Dewey-Hoffman-War
Fourth Estate Gncluding radio and TV),
blitzkrieg, as The Star reports, has all
but destroyed the conservative wing Of
the Republican Party. Now, as we see it,
Evening star., 1952-07-18

Pen-rdnaes may be used II letters carry
Uriters' correct names and addresses.
AH letters are subject to condensation.
Evening star., 1952-04-21
Allied Naval Forces
In Relatively Good
Shape, Carney Says
By WiIIiom J. WheotIey

Admiral Robert B. Carney, COM
mander in chief of United States
naval forces in the Eastern At
lantic and the Mediterranean, told
a press conference at the Penta-
gon today that fighting forces in
the Mediterranean are in relative
ly good shape.
He said he had asked for more
Icarriers-all he can get. He also
said there was a shortage OF
escorts and of mine sweepers.
He added that if war should
break out in the near future he
didn't think the Allied forces
would be defeated by enemy SUBJ
marine effort in the Mediterran-
lean.
Admiral Carney said there is a
desperate shortage of land based
tactical air forces in the area.
In addition to commanding the
American naval forces, Admiral
Carney is Commander in Chief OF
the Allied Powers, Southern
Europe. AS such he is Gen. Eisen-
Ihower's representative handling
the Southern flank of the NATC
Evening star., 1952-04-21
Newest cosmetic fashion
is a ''face lift

A new cosmetic fashion has been
created to do wonderful things for
your face. This new fashion is
original in conception and original
in formula because it quickly takes
years off your age. This cosmetic
takes only seconds to massage onto
the skin. Yet it makes your face
feel braced, firmed, actually lifted.
1t tends to tighten fiabby skin, to
smooth out wrinkles and bring a
wonderful glow to the complexion.
You can see and feel it work
against age lines. Wonder Of won
ders-jawline puffiness, mouth-to-
nose lines and signs of tiredness
seem to disappear.
Quickly this flowing transparent
cream vanishes on the skin. You
are ready for foundation and
makeup. You discover your make
up is smooth, more even. You look
more beautiful because your skin
is firm, lifted, tight. 1t will con-
tinue to work giving you added
Evening star., 1952-04-21

get corrected. Directory checkers
used to try to correct it here first.
A mailomat or stamp dispenser
sometimes gets out Of order at
night. Stamp windows are closed.
An unstamped letter won't get far.
After $50 pm. an ordinary
parcel can't be mailed.
It's the lack of late collections
that has brought most complaints.
Letters on the subject still come
in regularly to the city post Office.
Many protests also were made on
the slashed home delivery at first,
but those have dwindled, officials
say.
Some Of these things are out
Of the hands of Postmaster North.
Others-such as delayed post
markS-are not.
Tomorrow: Why letters 60
wrong.
Evening star., 1952-04-21
One Air Force Prisoner
| Refaken After 10 Flee
BY the Assoeiaied Pres.

SAMPSON AIR FORCE BASE
IN. Y, April 21.-Police today cap
ltured one of 10 prisoners who
broke out of the base stockade by
saving through iron bars and
|vaulting a 10-foot barbed-wire
wall.
Capt. Robert McDougall, pub
lie information officer at this up
state New York ari base, said the
prisoners apparently made their
break sometime between the
tp. m. and 8 pm. roll calls.
City police from nearby Geneva
and Waterloo joined State police
in combing the area after a state
wide alarm had been broadcast.
Capt. McDougall said the es-
capped prisoners were all under 81
and had been confined on AWOL
charges.
They're not the kind we con-
slider dangerous. he said.
He identified the returned
youth as John r. Carter.
Evening star., 1952-04-21
Prison Officials Wait
Patiently for Break in
4-DaY Railway Mutiny
BY the Assoeiosed Press

RAILWAY, N. j., April 21.-With
hunger and thirst as their allies,
Railway State prison officials
waited patiently today for a break
in a four-day rebellion of 231
hard-bitten convicts.
The revolt is the longest in a
series Of five prison outbreaks In
the State. A similar mutiny by
90 convicts at Trenton State
Prison, 40 miles to the south,
ended Friday after n hours. The
Railway uprising equaled this
mark at 2 am.
Barricaded in a dormitory wing,
the prisoners were promised they
would receive no corporal pun
iShment if they surrendered with
out harming their eight guard
hostages.
The desperate convictS, vowing
victory or death" in their mutiny,
repeatedly were arguing and bick-
ering well into the night as mea-
ger food supplies dwindled.
Water Shut Off.
Water has been shut off to the
wing since the riot started Thurs
day night. william Lagay, su-
perintendent of the prison farm,
said the rebels might be tapping
a pipe prison officials don't know
about.
F. Lowell Bixby, deputy COM
missioner of State institutions and
agencies, who sent the promise of
no corporal punishment to the
convicts last night, said reports
of heated arguments came from
guards stationed near the barri-
caded prison wing.
Chants of 1--WE want food"
echoed yesterday from the
wrecked wing. where huge signs,
crudely lettered on bedsheets,
hung from shattered windows. On
one of the bedsheets was written
the mute appeal-"water."
A large kite. fashioned from a
bedsheet and launched from a
window, was inscribed with the
victory or death" boast.
One Guard Released.
Nine guards were seized by the
rioters at the start of the out
break. But one was released Sat-
urday night when he became i'll.
The released guard, Marlin Dunn,
said the convic;s treated their
hostages well. When thirst be-
came unbearable. Mr.. Dunn said,
convicts smashed steam radiators
in the dormitory and drank
trickles of rusty water from the
pipes.
Sanford Bates. commissioner of
State institutions and agencies,
said the safest means" of ending
the mutiny is to wait until the
convicts decide they've had
enough.
The bedsheet signs contained
demands for an end to beatings,
an outside investigation OF the
prison, a revamping of the parole
system and better food. /. 4
Mr.. Bates said food at the
prison was absolutely adequate"
and he firmly denied any beatings
except in the latest outbreaks.
Evening star., 1952-04-21

Franklin Station operated all
night window service for stamp
sale and parcel post.
How Service was Cut. ,
On April 18, 1850, these cuts
were ordered:
The first collection was moved
forward to $3.50 am; the last
was cut back to about 1870 pm.
Two collections were eliminated
in the business district, one every
where else. Business deliveries re-
mained the same in Washington,
but the second residential delivery
stopped. The second business de-
livery in the suburbs also stopped.
The carrier force was SlaShed
one-sixth. Directory personnel
were slashed to three and service
restricted drastically. Most badly
addressed letters were ordered
sent back to senders or to the
dead letter Office.
And the city-Wide post office
closing time was cut back a half
hour to $50 pm. (from ! pm.
to noon Saturday..
Only boxholders at the main
office and Benjamin Franklin still
could get customary all-night
service. The attendant was re-
Stricted otherwise to make change
for automatic mailing machines
and stamp dispensers and accept
ing special delivery mail and
emergency parcels. such as medi-
cine.
Mr.. Donaldson says he didn't
want the curtailments but his
hand was forced. The public, no
doubt, didn't want them either,
he admits, but it has been swal=
lowing them all over the country.
Common Irritations.
Here are some of the common
irritations:
A man forgets there's no late
collection. His letter lies in the
box overnight. If it's addressed
to a local resident or suburban
firm, it's collected too late for
next-day delivery and also lies
around the next night.
Out-of-town mail starts out
later, arrives later.
A manor working woman
can't get home in time to get a
letter in the box for collection.
Carriers routes are longer, so
many deliveries are later. House.
wives get impatient.
A miSaddreSsed letter from Cal
ifornia goes back to California to