davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-08-16
BY Charles E. TroceweN
Truman E. Bruch.

feet high. Squirrels will visit it, yes,
but they are hungry. too.
= There are many other types Of feeding
devices, some Of them quite elaborate.
Little houses may be hung in trees,
but mostly they are hard to service.
Some window feeders have glass over
them, but this clouds, and is of no
special significance. The birds do not
care! What they are after is something
to eat, especially in the cold. and when
they ind it, they do not bother much
how it is served up to them.
They are happy souls. these birds.
They demand very little Of us. and give
much, in their beauty. their helpfulness
in keeping insects under control. and
their very lives, built on good habits
which mankind mostly ignores, to its
loss.
One Of the easiest feeding stations
is simply q cut cocoanut shell, suS-
pended to a branch by stout cord or
wire. Preferably wire, since the squir-
rels viii try this one, too. Their antics
to get in the shell are amusing, and
they knock out SO much seed that the
birds get most of it on the ground.
Building and keeping filled a bird
feeding station brings up many small
problems. We would advise our young
correspondent to make up her mind, at
the start. not to grow angry or Inn
patient at anything that happens. It
is all part Of happy experience. If one
can manage to be as happy as the birds.
It u not easy, at any age.
Evening star., 1952-08-16
Congratulations in Order

The drab registry Office that was the scene
Of its actual celebration could not dim the
brilliance of the match that was made Thursday
between Englands Foreign Secretary Anthony
Eden and Miss Clarissa Spencer Churchill
Every one enjoys the sight of handsome couple,
and the new Mr.. and Mrs. Eden more than
satisfied in this regard. Those who gazed upon
Mr.. Eden on his trip to Washington last winter
will vouch for the durability of his glamor. His
bride is one of those exquisite blonds that
England produces, and not just for export.
Besides the visual splendor of the thing the
wedding offered lovers of tradition another
storybook aspect, for Mr.. Eden married the boss
niece. Of course, he had done splendidly on his
own and has long been the Prime Minister'S heir
apparent. Still it is entirely fitting that Eden
and Churchill, long friends and allies, should
now become kinsmen. We trust that the union
will make the Edens as happy as it seems to
have made all their well-wishers
Evening star., 1952-08-16
This and That J.

hence the window feeder. Also the
simple one about to be described.
This latter feeding station is really
nothing more than q shallow box, with
four posts and roof.
An old wooden box, not too deep.
can be utilized for the body. The four
posts are put at the corners. and on
this may be placed q roof. either nat,
or, better. sloped with peak in the
center.
This roof should be high enough to
permit the introduction Of quart mason
jar. This jar is filled with seeds and
grain, and inverted over o small block
Of wood which allows one side to be
up about half an inch, so the food can
run out. The eating by the birds causes
steady now out the opening. The
jar, to be inverted. is covered with a
thin piece Of cardboard, which is kept
in place until the jar is in position,
then it Is suddenly pulled out, letting
the seed fiow through the opening.
This type Of device is sometimes
called by fancy name, automatic
feeder" When specially made. and
painted, it can cost quite q sum. But
any one can make such q feeder. as
described, at little or no cost.
When painted. preferably white. with
green roof, 1t looks as well (almost)
as any.
This type feeding station is best
placed on stump, Or stake about four
Evening star., 1952-08-16

Ohio Rivers. He built q road. COM
plete with many bridges, for an Army
that was to follow him. The Army never
came and Washington had to retreat.
but the road was opened to the West
and was available when peace was re-
stored.
U. s. ~ became the Old National
Pike in 1906 when the first extensive
Federal road improvement program
began on q stretch between Cumberland.
Md, and Wheeling. w. Va. For the
first time. Congress appropriated money
to improve a highway in the United
States. though not without considerable
grumbling on the part Of an economy
bloc, which predicted it as the start Of
q spending trend which would lead to
the downfall of the Republic.
The road improvement program be-
gan after the Whisky Rebellion illus
trated the need for better roads. The
first tax imposed by Congress in 1894
was on whisky. It started an armed
uprising among Pennsylvania farmers
who. because Of bad roads. had to
market their grain in the form of
whisky. 1t was easier to haul this
way.
Evening star., 1952-08-16

A young correspondent wants some
simple instructions on how to make q
bird feeder.
The simplest of all is the window
feeder. This is q platform the width
of the window, about q foot deep, with
a two-inch ledge all around.
Nothing could be easier to make or
more satisfactory to the birds. The
watcher, too, will enjoy 1t.
The window feeder. as it is usually
called, is fastened to the ledge by
brackets underneath, or by screws or
nails.
Some food will spill out, but this is
all right. since the birds knock some
out, anyway, and nothing is 1ost-they
like to eat from the ground, too.
After all, the good earth is the first
and simplest of all feeding stations"
Just clear, OF a little space beneath
a shrub, so that it is fiat and hard
packed. Throw out seed there, or tie
little suet to the branches
If pan filled with water is placed
about 10 feet away, the set-up caters
to most bird wants.
A cleared space in the earth, dug up
and pulverized. viii provide dust. bath
for the common sparrows and some
others.
The urge to make something, how
ever. is felt by many persons. we almost
said most persons.
They want to build with their hands
Evening star., 1952-08-16

Several luckless tax collectors were
tarred and feathered and run out of
town (along u. S. 40) before the rebel
lion was suppressed. The improvement Of
the road and the appearance of the
giant ConeStoga wagon, which could
haul large cargoes fairly cheap, molli-
fed the irate farmers.
U. S. 40 was the scene of a critical
battle in the Revolutionary War. In
1777, the British feet under General
Howe landed near Elkton. Maryland, to
attack General Washington In the
Battle Of Brandywine.
The first cast-iron bridge in the
country was completed. amid fulsome
oratory, on U. S. 40 on July 4, 1889,
over Dunlaps Creek at Brownsville, Pa.
The first macadam surfacing in the
United States was an 11-mile stretch
between Boonsborough and Hagerstown,
Maryland. done by the Boonsborough
Turnpike Road Company. The first
uniform highway signs were erected on
U. s. 40 in Ohio.
Today u. S. 40 Is still the primary
East-West highway in the United
States. twisting $3.50 miles between
Atlantic City and San Francisco.
Evening star., 1952-08-16
courting him: he simply invoked Ada and the
Indians to distract attention.

courting him; he simply invoked Ada and the
Indians to distract attention
The reliably popular Democratic device OF
attacking former President Hoover also was
employed. There were several oblique assaults
upon his Republican opponent, General Eisen-
hover and the latters military background and
lack of experience in civil administration. BY
contrast, the Governor spoke with obvious salts
faction about his own record as chief executive of
the State of Illinois and promised to be back
at the fair next summer "as President of the
United States"
The news stories reported that the whole
performance made a great hit with the rural
audience of some 10000. Coupled with his more
solemn and highly literary address of acceptance
at the convention, the country-fai speech
particularly in its departures from text
demonstrates the oratorical versatility and polit
cal acumen of the Democratic candidate.
Evening star., 1952-08-16
Paqe From the Travellers Notebook
By Doyid A. Heller

THE vACATTONER who decides to
i follow the setting sun and roars
West over U. s. 40 is tracing a trail
knee-deep in folklore and history-a
route that for nearly two centuries has
served the Nation as main artery for
travel and trade.
1t is the path Of explorers. Presidents.
military heroes, and just plain citizens
of yeSteryear. Events on u. s. 40
changed the history. Of the Nation. and
its nearness to Washington may have
influenced the city's selection as the
site of the National Capital
Anecdotes and stories about u. s. 40
are legion. AS the gateway to famous
Cumberland Gap, easiest way through
the Appalachian Mountains to the "in-
terror" of the Nation. 1t was q natural
way to 60 West.
Perhaps the best known anecdote
about the road concerns Henry Clay,
Speaker Of the House. Secretary Of
State. and thrice candidate for the
Presidency.
The road was pretty rough century
and q quarter ago and on one occasion
the carriage in which Clay was riding
was upset. He found himself dumped
uuCCACLAOAAOuSly Ol pic VI AuuCOtOuS
near Uniontown, Pa.
With customary suavity Clay busted
himself and declared: This is mixing
the Clay of Kentucky with the lime
stone of Pennsylvania"
Another story Is attributed to Clay
after a trip over U. s. 20. A friend
repeatedly asked him If he had observed
much poverty on his trip. Eyes indeed"
Clay is quoted, whats more. brought
some back with me-"
The origin of u. S. 40 as q route to
the West Is lost in antiquity. No doubt
the Indians used it long before the
white man appeared in North America.
None other than George Washington
raised it above the status Of frontier
trail during the French and Indian War.
Many famous statesmen Of the early
days Of the Republic were frequent
travellers over Washington's handiwork.
Andrew jackson. william Henry Har-
rison. James K. Polk. Zachary Taylor,
John Marshall, Sam Houston and Davy
Crockett were among them.
Washington got into the road-build-
ing business by accident. Ordered to
capture French outposts in the West,
Washington pushed through Pennsyl-
vania and Ohio to the Monongahela and
Evening star., 1952-08-16
Blow to PLANNING

IL is AOt clear WnaC motives political or
otherwise, may have dictated the appointment
of Dr. Joseph D. Lohman of Chicago as chair
man of the National Capital Planning Commits
sion. He may have been picked by Interior
Secretary Chapman. Or the choice may have
been influenced by the wishes of Governor
Stevenson, with whom Dr. Lohman has been
associated in Illinois In any event, the appoint
ment in The Stars opinion is a most unfortunate
one.
DR.. Lehman has been an active propagandiSt
against segregation in Washington In 1948 he
was staff director of the National Committee on
Segregation in the Nations Capital. The report
of that committee masterpiece of inf1ann-
matory distortion, principal conclusion being
that segregation in Washington is the result of
a calculated policy pursued by the leaders of
the community as matter of good business"
DR.. Lohman says he will carry no precon-
ceiVed notions dealing with segregation in
Washington into his post as chairman of the
Planning Commission. 1t is reasonable to
suppose, however, that, as chairman, he will be
in sympathy with the philosophy of the 1o4S
report and of the Interior Department in matters
affecting Fairgrounds in the Capital. That
philosophy is squarely opposed to the Recreation
Boards policy of gradual integration, and if DR..
Lohman undertakes to force this issue in his
new position, serious consequences for the
District may follow.
More important, however, is the undesira-
bility of having an absentee chairman of the
Planning Commission The commission was
reorganized under good law, passed last July.
Among other things, that law provides for
Regional Council for the District, Maryland and
Virginia. This regional planning body is just
being set up, and the chairman of the national
commission is one, of its two District members.
All Of this means that the position of chair
man of the Planning Commission is an important
one. It is not a job to be carried around in some
ones hip pocket and handled on an occasional
visit basis. DR.. Lohman says that as chairman
he will be quite willing to come to Washington
when his presence here is required. But that is
not enough. The chairman ought to be in
Washington on a full-time basis, and If he is
going to do his job properly he ought to be
working at it virtually every day
Mr.. Truman has ignored this consideration
In appointing DR.. Lohman. And in doing so, 1t is
quite probable that he has largely nullified
good planning law with bad appointment
Evening star., 1952-08-16
]. ]. Sperry.
Objects to Stevenson

Shortly after the Democratic conven-
ton The Star carried a cartoon depict
ing John @. Public being led by both
Gen. Eisenhower and Gov. Stevenson,
with the heading, I'm Good Hands Either
Way" To which I wish to say that I
cannot quite agree.
First, I thought at that time that
Gov. Stevenson was very poor choice
for presidential candidate, and my
opinion has grown considerably less
since reading more about him.
My first objection to him has been
that he is divorced man. Now. I am
aware that many people do not think
much about divorce any more, but it is
nevertheless an undeniable historical
fact that when q nation becomes in
different to marriage VOWS and the home
life Of that nation is disrupted, that
nation is In danger of diSintegration.
was much impressed, however, by the
fact that when both Gen. Eisenhower
and Senator Nixon made their ac-
ceptance speeches, their wives were on
hand to share in their husbands honor.
Add to this the fact that Gov. Steven
son indorsed Alger Hiss as being Of
good character and you have, in my
opinion, a candidate who is not eligible
to even touch likes" shoelaces, let alone
lead our Nation.
I would urge all voters to consider
all these things and then send "Ike"
to the White House, because the first
house Of our country must not be q
broken home.
Truman E. Bruch.
Evening star., 1952-08-16
Candidate Stevenson Speaks

Candidate Stevenson was working on an
obviously popular political theme when he told
an Illinois State Fair audience that the Federal
Government is becoming too big and that the
States ought to halt this tidal drift Of power to
washington.
The people at the crossroads, whatever their
party affiliation, have tradtionally been some-
what suspicious of the mysteries of big govern
ment in Washington. The -broadSide charge
against the bureaucratS has always received
ready and favorable response 1t has been clear,
too, for some years that State and local party
organizations have felt their powers and privi-
legeS inhibited by the widening assumption that
all worth while blessings of government must
come from the Nations Capital.
It is somewhat ironic, however, that the
presidential candidate of the party that has done
the most in the history of the country to CEN
traliZe power and authority in the Federal
Government should be making stump speeches
against Capitalization. If his words on this
subject represent a sincere personal conviction
and one that he might attempt to implement II
he should become President, 1t would represent
a distinct reversal of Democratic trend of 20
years.
But regardless of this not important
element of inconsistency on the part of man
running for a Washington job, the Governors
speech at Springfield-his first since his nomi-
nation-was a politically clever combination of
attack and defense.
To the repeated charge that he is the captive
of the Trumanites-the A. D. A., the labor group,
and others-the candidate cracked jokes about
"a girl named Ada" and the capture of an Indian
scout. He did not, of course, offer any informa-
ton on what, if any, commitments he may have
made or allowed to be made In his name for the
tavors of the several groups which have been
Evening star., 1952-08-16
Cezonne Triumphant

Paul Cezanne the famous French father"
of modernistic art, is success at last 46 years
after he died failure in his native AK. An
Associated Press dispatch from Paris says that
one of his still-life studies-"Apples and Biscuits"
has been sold at auction for 80 million francs.
This means about 100000 in American money,
and it is sum so large that it represents an
absolute triumph for the "black beast" painter.
People do not pay such amounts for pictures
lacking authentic value
The question, however, is: Does the merit lie
in what Cezanne actually achieved or In some
thing quite different-namey, q prevailing taste
for revolutionary qualities in graphic enterprise?
Modernism undeniably is rebellion. It con-
stitutes a reaction to the camera and to academic
standards of esthetics, personified in Ingres the
greatest of French craftsmen in the nineteenth
century. Even Cezanne, bankers son and an
aristocrat by birth and breeding, had radical
political and social bent. The first OF his par
tisans was Emile zola.
But the modernists cannot be disposed Of by
calling them Bolsheviks. Their present popu-
arity, expressed specifically in the price paid for
Cezanne's "Apples and Biscuits" reflects an ap-
peal which they indubitably possess for large
international public. Crowds flock to modernistic
shows Books about impreSsioniSt and abStrac-
ZIONIST experimenters are best sellers. The infu-
ence of imaginative art is dynamic force which
it would be futile to deny.
Yet it is not certain that this power will con-
tinue to be effectively operative indefinitely. Re-
bellion has appeared among the rebels. revolt
among the revolutionaries. Frank Lloyd Wright,
the modernistic architect, recently said OF his
own speciality that 1t is "overdone" and "is get
ting worse" He roasted ranch houses, picture
windows. sanitary slums" and big boxes on
small sticks" His imitators in design he insisted,
are using glass "senselessly" and steel without
really understanding its purpose"
The fact that Washington's per-capita intake
Of cocktails far exceeds the national average fails
to explain those flying saucers-at least until q
pink polka-dot model Is reported.
Evening star., 1952-08-16
Tome Of Evening

The pearl gray page of dusk Is turning
Into purple darkness. burning
With star periods engrdpen
on the margins of the rGven
Tome OF evening.
Strnllows, pli0hting
Nest and song and young, are iDrttin0
on the Uellum air. their slender
Wings uplitted In surrender.
Small minds thumb the clouds and
Stipple
SilDer in the ermine ripple
OF the moonpool, lightly heapinc
H1lf-tones on the night.
A sleeping
World lies radiant, entolded
In unbroken beauty. nodded
Into mysteries ontstretcting
In one black and crystal, etching. !.
Eleanor Gibbs
Evening star., 1952-08-16
Rejects FIuoridution Survey

The poor voteless wards Of the Dis
trict government have just had another
slap in the face-for preSuming to in
innate that they may know best what Is
good for them.
The farcical STUDY" and canvass of
public opinion" in connection with flu-
oridation Of drinking water which have
been carried on for one month by the
subcommittee of the Citizens Advisory
Council appointed for that purpose
should shock every citizen into a clear
realization that this council will not
represent the local residents any more
than do the District Commissioners.
In view Of the recognized fact that
"studies" designed to furnish conclusive
results were planned to cover a period
Of from ten to twenty years. and that
only q few of these years have elapsed
in the case of any specific experiments
involving reactions from fiuoridation Of
drinking water, cursory and superficial
consideration Of the subject such as has
been given by the council means abso-
lutely nothing aside from an expression
OF opinion. reinforced, Of course, by inn
mediate pressure from the Public Health
Service, and more remote pressure from
commercial interests. We are told that
several public hearings were held during
this month Of investigation. It should
be remembered that one-third of these
hearings comprised closed session with
the original promoters of the program,
from which representatives Of the public
were deliberately excluded: also that it
is foregone conclusion that no doctor
Of medicine charged with studying"
the merits Of system cherished by the
Evening star., 1952-08-16
Pen-,ad1,es may be used II letters carry
t0riters' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.

ind out how many colored children. If
the white children predominate, give
them three days and the others two; or
vice versa. On the remaining two days
make the playground open to all. This
was tried in a mining community and
eventually segregation was eliminated.
The children settled the matter them
selves.
Minnie M. Updike.
Evening star., 1952-08-16
By THE HASKN SERVICE

any uuc1tlOu OF Iect py eltnef Writing The
Evening Star Information Bureau. 1900 / street.
NV. washington 8, D: c. and inclosing 3 cents
return postage. or By telephoning ST. 1853.
BY THE HASKN SERVICE
@. What Presidents chose Shakespeare
for their favorite reading?-A. N. c.
A. Jefferson. John Quincy Adams,
Tyler, Cleveland, Hayes, Wilson, Cool
idge, and Hoover all had an early liking
for Shakespeare's works. and enjoyed
them in adult life.
@. Which rifle was used by the United
States Army before the Springfield
G. A. w. iii
A. The g-Jorgensen, from 1892
to 1905. The Springfield rife was
adopted in 1908, and first issued to
troops In 1905.
@. What does oilology mean?-S. l.. B.
A. Home economies. the science Of
housekeeping. l~
Evening star., 1952-08-16
Segregation
Vera Z. Adams.

SSStSSukIUU
would like to make q statement on
your editorial OF August 8, headed, Rec
reation Boards Responsibility" Your
paper seems to take the attitude that
this so-called gradualist approach on
aggregation is best for all concerned. The
only thing wrong with this is that 1t has
been much too gradual already. Segrega-
ton In any form Is very vicious and why
you think prolonging the agony is best
for the colored people is beyond me. Seq
regation has harmed America very much
In its world affairs. It gives some Of our
own citizens false sense of superiority
and is very embarrassing to IS million
others. Yet you think to avoid kindling
fresh hostilities. it is best to move slowly.
Well, all I can say to this Is that we
have not been breaking any speed limits.
have also had the impression that
human rights had preference over per-
sonal feelings in Christian America.
Leonard r. Walker.
Two articles Of vast contrast recently
appearend in your paper. Article one: at
Omaha Negroes signed . petition Of pro-
test against white family moving into
their predominantly Negro neighbor-
hood" 1--WE don't have anything against
them," said one Of the signers. but we
feel it just won't work out" Article two
was about Commissioner F. Joseph
Donohue coming out strong in favor of
q mixed swimming pool at the Rosedale
playground.
was wondering if the Commissioner
is successful in his bid for q mixed
swimming pool, If he would patronize
the pool?
Nish Showers.
Why not find out how many white
children use Rosedale playground, then
Evening star., 1952-08-16
Letters to The Star .

Public Health Service would dare 60
counter to the policy Of this service.
When Chairman Delaney Of the House
Investigating Committee concluded his
hearings on the use Of fiuorides in public
drinking water, he said: Whether to
put fiuorides in everybody's drinking
water is an open question. Let the Cit
izens make their own decision, with the
understanding that huoridation of water
is calculated risk" Here in the Dis
trict, however, decision has been forced
upon the local residents by three-man
committee. with q mere handful of them
having q chance to express themselves,
or even being adequately informed.
Recent action in Mt. Dora, Fla,
illustrates what free thinking citizens
will do when they have q chance to vote.
On August they rejected by special
vote Of to l. program Of nuoridation
which had been in operation there for
nearly two years. and from which they
testified they were definitely feeling i'll
effects. which the local medical author-
tiles ignored. .....
Vera Z. Adams.