davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-05-14
Mossadegh Talks 10 Shah,
Apparently on Oil Issues
BY the Assoeioted Press

TEHERAN, Iran, May IA
Premier Mohammed Mossadegt
made a rare excursion from hi.
heavily guarded home yesterday
to confer two hours with the Shah
The Premier apparently talkec
over plans to argue his country's
case in the Anglo Iranian oil dis
Ipute before the international
Court at The Hague.
Britain has asked The Hague
court to declare Trans national
ization of the properties of the
Anglo-Iranian Oil Co. contrary to
international law. Premier Mos
sodegh is expected to contend that
the court lacks jurisdiction.
Evening star., 1952-05-14
Haiti PIons New Dam

Haiti is preparing to build a
dam as part of the Artibonite
River flood control and irrigation
development.
Evening star., 1952-05-14

Also THE EVENING STAR
Washington, d. G.
WEDNESDAY, MAY IA, 1859
Evening star., 1952-07-11
Mistakes 1t Did Not Commit
O. O. P. Platform Plank Enormously Accuses Administration
Of Handing Over Three Baltic Stotes to the Sovies
Constantine Brown:

The administrations foreign
policies are beset with sufficient
tragic blunders without adding
mistakes 1T did not commit.
The platform of the Repub-
lican Party lists them carefully.
But by some inconceivable
error it accuses the administra-
ton Of having handed over to
the Soviets. besides Poland and
Czechoslovakia, also Estonia.
LAtvia and Lithuania. The con-
trary is true.
When the Red armies over
ran these three Baltic states in
1910. President Roosevelt or
dered the then acting Secre-
tary of State, Sumner Welles, to
issue a statement announcing
that this country would not
recognize the rape of those
three independent free repub-
lies.
This policy has never been
changed despite the insistence
of the Kremlin during the
honeymoon years with us that
we quietly withdraw the recog-
milton to these nominal govern
ments which had been incorpo-
rated into the q. s. S. r.
Even during the period Of In
tense appeasement, the admin
istration refused to recognize
what the Muscovites called an
accomplished fact. There are
today two fully pledged Latvian
and Lithuanian ambassadors in
Washington. while Estonia has
a general consul with diplo-
matte privileges in New York.
The heads Of these diplomatic
missions are believed to be able
to maintain themselves eco
nomically from frozen funds
which are under the control of
the United States Treasury.
This statement of the Repub-
lican Foreign Policy Committee
may be only a minor error, since
very few people realize we still
recognize the existence Of the
Baltic states as independent
states. But it could provide the
Evening star., 1952-07-11
Fletcher KnebeI:
Potomac Fever

Ike stands the brink Of history-with parachute wed
to him by Tom Dewey.
Gov McKeldin of Maryland a speech
for the agesceran to be widely quoted
speaker himself
The Republican convention approves its platform There was
slight delay until two key could be foundhe fellow who
wrote it and the fellow who read it.
The Republican reaches climax in caudron
OF confusion Some delegates
ana an afdavit in the otheshowng they had been
since 1945.
TAFT die-hards demand that Tom Dewey be eliminated
the eisenhower strategy board Republicans
Time record Tor beginning believe
some Of their accusations
Tart forces considered last ditch
with some other candidate than Taft perfect ticket
Dave ingalls, and Walter Hallanan-then Republicans would
get two new standard bearers and two old votes.
Ike StalwartS claim their Dixie delegate
new blood into the G. o. p in the trans
fusion will be performed cleaners return from the
convention floor with their buckets.
Evening star., 1952-07-11

Democrats with a strong cam
paign argument that the Repub-
licans are so ill-informed, or
in such bad faith, that they
describe Latvia. Estonia and
Lithuania as victims of the ad-
ministration's surrender Of the
free countries to the greed Of
the MuscoviteS.
In the same manner, it can
be argued that there was
nothing we could do to prevent
Czechoslovakia from becoming
a satellite country, short Of
sending American troops to that
country to maintain the govern
ment of the late President
Edward Benes. When the
American representatives went
to Paris in 1947 to lay the
foundation Of the Marhall
Plan. Czechoslovakia, like the
u. S. S. r. and her other vas
sails, were offered a share Of
Americas generosity.
The then Soviet Foreign
Minister, Molotov. bluntly re-
fused our offer. Czechoslovakia's
foreign minister, Jan Masaryk,
accepted 1t. However, after a
short visit to Moscow he re-
versed himself, but his initial
acceptance Of American bounty
is believed to have cost him his
life. Masaryk was "suicided" by
the secret police.
Unlike the Baltic states which
are part and parcel Of the
Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia is
today a mere vassal of Russia.
But nominally it is still a sover-
eign country under the high
sounding name Of a Peoples
Republic. But how independent
it is is evident from the fact
that it arrested and sentenced to
jail for a long term william N.
Oatis. the American newspaper
correspondent, whom the State
Department cannot free without
paying a handsome ransom.
It is true we guaranteed the
Czechoslovaks their full in
dependence after they became a
Evening star., 1952-07-11

Nazi province. Following Hit
ler's defeat we restored their
full freedom and sovereignty.
But these were shortlived, be-
cause this Government no
longer had the physical. or for
that matter the moral, power to
prevent the establishment of a
Soviet puppet government in
Prague.
This may possibly have been
avoided had not the Govern
ment ordered our troops in 1945
to withdraw from Pilsen--the
main industrial center Of
Czechoslovakia-to permit the
Red forces to establish them
selves in that country and later
permit its absorption into the
Soviet orbit. But once this
blunder was committed, there
was nothing that we could have
done to bar the Moscow COM
munists from taking over that
nation.
The case of Czechoslovakia
was less blatant than those Of
Poland and Romania where, In
spite Of formal agreements be-
tween the United States and the
U. s. S. r. that these countries
would be permitted to have
sovereign governments. we al
lowed the Kremlin to break
them and place both behind
the Iron Curtain.
The present Democratic presi-
Dental hopeful. Averell Har-
riman, was powerless to act
when Moscow's Andrei Vishin-
sky stormed into the summer
residence Of King Michael Of
Romania and gave him one
hour to dismiss his cabinet
formed Of individuals elected
by the people, and replace 1t
with a government subservient
to Russia. Mr.. Hartman rep
resented the United States In
the committee Of the Big Three
to arrange the future Of that
country. But Vishinsky paid no
more attention to his protests
than If he had not been present.
Evening star., 1952-07-11
Doris FIeeson:

CHICAGO, July II. Could
1t have been prevented? Can it
be mended?
These questions are being
asked here following the open,
bitter and violent advertise
ment Of Republican Party diff
ferenceS. Many reply mo" to
both-and yet they are not dis
couraged.
What such Republicans look
forward to is a rebuilding Of
the party around the attractive
personality of Gen. Eisenhower
and the many Governors who
rallied to him. They think the
Democrats are stuck with the
Washington label while they
have got rid of it.
Above all. they are happy to
have won their victory, as ap-
parently they have, on a moral
issue which has been made
dramatically clear to the Amer
ican people. The cost has been
high in party unity but their
answer is that the unity was
too expensive and largely f1c-
titiouS.
1t is unsafe to stand surety
for the morality of any group
of politicians.
It is still true that in the
Eisenhower ranks are many
who, have long been sick of the
rotten borough" system Of their
party in the South and will
work to clean it up now that
the conventions actions have
afforded a launching platform
for their efforts.
Senator Taft only followed
Evening star., 1952-07-11
Dovid Lowrence:

CHICAGO, July 11.-Gen.
Eisenhower had the Republic
can presidential nomination al
most in his grasp at the end of.
five days of steady uphill climb
ing. during which Senator Taft
was left by the wayside. The
only obstacle which the general
faced was the rather determined
effort of the friends Of Gov.
Warren to hold apart from the
Eisenhower bandwagon, believ-
ing that. if. after a ballot or two
the general didn't gain a ma
jority, his strength would cfunl-
BILE and California might name
a native son as the winner.
But, coincident with this piece
of wislaful thinking, was a bit of
skillful jockeying by the Taft
group to stage a comeback
through the interjection of
Gen. Macarthur as a compro-
mise candidate.
The first evidence that the
stop Eisenhower" forces were
beginning to form a coalition
arose when the California dele
cation joined in with the Taft
strategy to drag the convention
proceedings along so late last
night as to delay the ballOtiug
until today.
The momentum Of the Eisen-
hover bandwagon was such
that, if there had been an early
termination Of the nominating
speeches and artificial demon
Strations by a reasonable hour
last night, 1t would have cer-
mitted balloting to begin the
same evening and perhaps a
majority would have been OBJ
tanned on the first or second
ballot for Gen. Eisenhower.
The plan of the temporary
Taft-Warren combination sue
ceeded, as it was agreed to
begin balloting just before
noon today, thus affording
time to test out and ex-
plore the tenacity of the Eli
senhower delegations. # it were
to be discovered, however, that
they stand staunch and firm
and there's no logical reason
why the forces of any candidate
who is in the lead should falter
unless there's treason in the
Evening star., 1952-07-11
Dovd Lowrence:
Within EisenhoWers Grasp
Temporary Toft-Woren Combination Succeeds in
Dragging Out Session Until Today for Vote

the language or the platform
writers which permits the
stump speakers In one section
of the country to say one thing
to one group Of potential sup
porters and something else in
another section Of the country
the document was q. brilliant
piece Of craftsmanship. It may
yet be excelled by the expe-
rienced StraddlerS at the Demo-
cratic National Convention, but
the Nation has grown accus-
toned to these compromises and
antiquities and looks nowadays
to the nominees themselves to
interpret, clarity. amplify and
at times even to nullify the
meaning Of these same broad
phrases as the political temper
atureS Of the next three months
may require.
One thing may be said-the
platform repudiated much of
the Macarthur and Hoover doc
trines. while embracing enthu-
siastically the criticism which
these two dramatic speakers
made at this convention about
American policy in China, Ko-
rea and Asia. Generally. the
delegates didn't seem to be dis
turbed about the acrobatics Of
platform vocabulary but re.
served their energies for the
battle of the ballots.
The delegates here seem to
have been capable of concen-
trating on one idea-they want
ed a man who could win, and
that's why they have steadily
edged toward Gen. Eisenhower.
Each day the convention has
demonstrated that Senator Taft
cannot achieve a majority.
Compromise choices are the
oretically possible till the bal
lot containing a majority for
some one Is actually cast. but it
began to look more and more
certain as the climax approached
that Gen. Eisenhower would
have the requisite majority.
Then may come the big sur
prise of the convention-Dwight
D. Eisenhower for President.
with Robert A. Taft for Vice
President.
(Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1952-07-11

rankS-the "Stop Ike" move
ment would itself be stopped.
So, all last night and part of
today, the Ike managers kept
nervously at the telephone
wires and through their lieuten-
ants gave the signal to hold the
line. Indeed, the Ike strategistS
did q little bit of mitigating Of
their own as they assembled
statistics to show the Califor-
mans that maybe Ike could win
without California and how ira
gic it would be for the liberal
and progressive Republicans Of
the Golden State to be caught
numbering along with the con-
servative Taftites to put up a
roadblock which the Ike band
wagon skillfully by-passed on a
detour through Minnesota. Illi-
nois and Indiana, and perhaps
West Virginia. For in those and
other States the boys were be-
ginning already to smell the
contagious fragrance of the buds
that may mean blooms in the
political gardens Of tomorrow.
The Eisenhower folks started
to pick up additional votes by
twos and threes during last
nights proceedings until they
began to see how they might
come within Is votes of a major
ity today. Such a lineup meant
that any one or two States would
begin before the first roll call
was over to change their votes
to Ike.
It isn't all over at this writ
ing, because tricks are numer-
Gus in the devious stratagems
of balloting, but it has come to
be conceded that Gen. Eisen-
hover would be the leader on
the first ballot.
The platform produced no
fireworks. It is a little better
than most Republican platforms
in that it seems to move over a
bit toward the progressive and
international side. but never
theless the document omits
much that might have been in
serted of a humanitarian nature,
both with respect to people at
home and the nations abroad.
AS a piece Of "straddle-ese"-
Evening star., 1952-07-11

lost the last four conventions
to the moderates, it has won in
every Congress. This apparent
paradox is because of the senior
ity rule in Congress. Through
long tenure in Congress due to
the Republican complexion Of
the Midwest, its members move
up to key posts in the national
legislative body, just as do
Southerners in the Democratic
Party, and so exercise dominant
control.
Senator Taft rules the roost
In Congress, and will continue to
do so.
That will be a problem that
Gen. Eisenhower must face
eventually If he is elected, and is
not worth speculation now. But,
for the immediate present and
in the months Of the campaign
ahead, the general also win have
his Taft problem" ." for that still
very influential wing Of the party
will press him constantly to trim
his course toward the still large
body Of Republicans 1t repre-
sentS.
In meeting this problem
the general obviously must turn
to the public which was aroused
to win the nomination for him.
For this the Taft forces. them
selves. unwiftingly prepared the
way by over-reaching themselves
in the convention.
With their backs to the wall,
the Old Guard resorted to ruth
less tactics which, due to cir
cumstances, were exposed fully
and graphically to produce q
public reaction that can be
capitalized successfully II the
general is as bold in the new
field Of politics in which he is
being initiated as he was On the
field of battle.
First among these circuIn-
stances was the cold-blooded
way the Taft forces. operating
through their majority in the
national committee. seized conf
.
Evening star., 1952-07-11
Thomas L. Stokes:

CHICAGO, July H. The
G. o. P. Old Guard centered in
the Midwest, rallying for the
third time in a dozen years be-
hind Senator Robert A. Taft,
has suffered its most spectacu-
lar defeat. Whether it Is de-
cisive depends on what Gen.
Dwight D. Eisenhower and his
now triumphant cohorts make
Of it.
The significance of the Taft
defeat was In its nature rather
than its content. For the Ohio
Senator came closer to the prize
than in the 12-year career he
has devoted to becoming Presi-
dent Of the United States.
Defeat In national conven-
tions is nothing new for the Taft
wing Of the party. It has. In
fact. lost every national con-
vention since 1910. Then
Wendell L. Willkie, a political
newcomer and outsider, as is
Gen. Eisenhower, was nominated
by the East-West Coast inter-
nationalist. moderately progress
sive party axis which was linked
literally four years ago In the
ticket Of Gov. Thomas e. Dewey
Of New York and Gov. Earl War.
rem Of California. That East
West Coast combination was re-
sponSible for the two successive
nominations Of Gov. Dewey who
has occupied 90 potent q role
behind the scenes at this con-
vention on Gen. Eisenhower's
behalf.
Senator Taft, it may be re-
called, was a candidate in 1910
and again in 1943 as this year.
In 1914 he stepped aside for
Gov. John w. Bricker Of
his State. now Senator, the
unsuccessful Midwest Old Guard
candidate who was given second
place that year on the ticket.
The elation Of party moderates
over the defeat of the Old Guard
must be tempered.
The Old Guard is not dead,
not by any means. While it has.
Evening star., 1952-07-11
Doris FLeson:
Old Guards Old Order Changing
Reorganization of the Republican Pory to Be Carried Out
By Eisenhower and Many Governors Who Rallied to Him

the public uprising was still true.
especially in Texas. That the
involuntarily retired Henry
Zweifel, Taft committeeman,
happened pictorially to be the
cartoonist's dream Of a political
boss, was for Ike q happy ac-
cident.
Gen. Eisenhower proved IN
the war to be a splendid organ
izer, acute at choosing and using
men more brilliant than him
self. He knows very little
of politics. It will be difficult
for him to get the right people;
he must to the greatest degree
consistent with principle placate
his enemies. (Fiorello La Guar.
dia once said: "a politician must
placate his enemies with the
favors he owes to his friends. ~
The die-hards he cannot pla-
cate; in the immortal words Of
one Of the convention orators
they will In time fade away, far
into the background Of a rebuilt
party.
The general In a sense must
60 to school under others on the
matter of party politics. But
the contribution he can make in
the reorganization Of his party
is not the least Of the services
he can render. It, is one he
possibly can do even in defeat.
It was always implicit IN the
fight here that the old order
would change II Gen. Eisen-
hover were nominated. The
politicians were never In doubt
about that. That's a big reason
why many Of them fought 90
hard.
Evening star., 1952-07-11
Thonos l. Stokes:
Taft Still Rules Congress Roost
Old Guard RoIyng for the Third Time in Dozen Years
Has Suffered Its Most Spectacular Defeat

troll Of the convention machin-
cry. They not only named the
officers, which would mean little
to the public, but they also made
out the list Of speakers on the
formal program who paraded
across the platform in full view
of the television to record not
only their paunches and their
wrinkles and their politically
weathered visages. but also the
views they hold about issues.
They turned out to be SO many
voices out Of the past. by and
large, that must have come as
somewhat Of a shock to many
of those who watched and lis
tened. Government under their
auspices could not appear too
attractive.
Sharp was the contrast with
the clean-cut. younger men, In
cluding Governors Of some Of
our more progressive States.
who appeared before the con-
vention--and your television--
on behalf Of Gen. Eisenhower.
They were not on the program
arranged originally by the Taft
forces. They got TO the stage
because Of another circumstance
which, in the end. had so much
to do with the ultimate decisions
Of the convention, and which
further exposed the methods and
manners Of the Old Guard wing.
This was the chicanery and
trickery practiced by bosses Of
the Southern Republican oil
garchy aligned with the Sena-
tor. That offered up the moral
issue always so persuasive with
our people. This is an old. old
story In our politics. But this
year. for the first time. 1t be-
came q national story because Of
the challenge by Eisenhower en-
thusiasts In the South and be-
cause, as the convention neared.
it became evident that Southern
delegates might become the de-
cisive factor in the neck-and-
neck struggle for the nomina-
tion.
Evening star., 1952-07-11

standard operating procedure in
the South; actually, since de-
tails Of political strategy bore
him, he doubtless had very lit
tie personally to do with the
general management of his af-
fairs there but left it all to
Representative Carroll Reece.
But again he misjudged the
temper of the times, a fault to
which he is prone.
The Senator and the Old
Guard who tried to nominate
him with the old methods have
never quite been able to ban
ish the lurking hope that some
day they will wake up and find
that the last 20 years have been
a bad dream. Nowhere has the
Roosevelt revolution made such
social and economic changes as
In the South.
Those changes are the real
seedbed of the Southern-dele-
gate contests; the developing
middle class of the South is de-
manding two parties. When
President Truman angered so
many Southerners with his
blunt demand for about civil
rights legislation. he contrib
uted to the struggle just ended
here.
It would be naive in the ex-
treme to say that the delegate
contests here were q 100 per
cent pure peoples uprising.
Men interested in power helped
finance and manage them;
smart operators from the Ike
camp helped.
Reporters who covered the
story found out, however, that
Milford chronicle., 1952-08-08
Time To Seed Lawns
Aug. Is To Sept. Is

Do you want a lawn that friends
and neighbors will envy? ITS easy
if you do the right thing at the
right time," says Claude E. Phil
lips, University of Delaware extern
sion agronomist.
For best results, new lawn seed
ing should be made soon. Seedlings
made between August Is and Sep
tember Is suffer the least from
weed competition since crabgrass
and most annual weeds have stop
ped growth by that time. The seed
bed must be fine and firm. Rake in
so pounds of ground limestone pei
1000 so. IT. Then fertilize this area
with Is to 20 pounds of a 4-12-16
or 5-1O-5 fertilizer. You may apply
the limestone and fertilizer at the
same time.
Good seed is a must, but dom
expect to find it at the bargain
counter Always check the fOrmu
las on the package.
Milford chronicle., 1952-08-08
Is Irrigation Profitable
On Pastures?

What should it be, supplemental
pasture or supplemental irrigation?
That is what dairy farmers inter
ested in good summer pasture are
asking. William H. Mitchell of the
agronomy department is conduct
ing the first supplemental irrigation
experiment on pasture in Delaware.
He hopes to find out if irrigation
can increase summer pasture
yields prOfitably in our state. Far
mers may see this experiment at
the Farm Field Day, Georgetown
Substation.
The irrigation system consists
of driven well, gas engine pump,
hose, and Oscillating sprinkler.
Several plots of ladinO clover-or-
chard grass and ladinO-brome
grass with different fertilizer
treatments are used in the expert
ment. During any week when less
than one inch of rain falls in a
twenty-four hour period, workers
apply one inch of water to GER
tain plots. This water is sufficient
to soak down to the plant root
zone. Special dishes are set into
the ground of the irrigated plots to
measure the amount of water ap-
piled.
According to Mitchell, when far
mers start thinking about irriga-
ton for their own farm, they
should carefully consider their spe-
cific conditions. Perhaps Sudan
grass or other supplemental pas
ture is all that is needed. In other
words, each farmer must decide fol
himself which will do the better
Job on his farm, Sudan grass Ol
| irrigation. But the SubstatiOn ex
pertinent can act as a guide to how
/ irrigation fits into Delaware pas
ture production.