davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1952-04-03
Services Of
Holy Week

meditation will be "The Hunger
that Satisfies.
Music for Palm Sunday morning
will be "Hosanna (Gregor-Bitgood)
Senior and Junior choirs; "Ho-
sanna be the Children's Song"
(HerzogD - Carollers; solo "The
Palms" (Faure); Anthem: Gag
bus Del (Bizet).
On Maundy Thursday the choir
will sing BLESSED Jesus" by
Dvorak.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1952-04-03
Holy Week AT
Calvary Lutharun

Holy Week at Calvary Lutheran
Church opens with the Palm SUM-
day morning worship at 10:45
o'clock when the pastor, Rev. John
w. Grohne speaks on Deliver Us"
to conclude his Lenten series on
The Lords Prayer. New members
will be received.
The service of Holy Communion
will be observed Maundy Thurs
day at 500 p. m. with a brief
meditation on "This do in remem-
brance of Me-. There will also be
worship service Good Friday
evening with a sermon the last
word from the Cross, "It is
finished.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1952-04-03
attend Ohio Wesleyan University.

Born to Mr.. and Mrs. Richard
L. Richter, 10000 Euclid ave.,
March 18th, a girl, Katherine
Louise.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17
The Practice

The opening section Of Article I
Of the Constitution states that "all
legislative powers shall be
vested in a Congress. :" It makes
no provision for the delegation of
these powers. =
Nor has Congress gone counter to
the Constitution by Illegally dele
eating its powers to the Executive.
On the contrary, Congress has been
jealous-more often in small ways
than in large-in guarding its
powers from encroachment by the
executive branch.
Rather than delegating its powers,
it has abandoned them. Into this
vacuum have leaped the executive
branch Ito take the initiative in
setting out broad programs and
policies) and individual members
Of Congress Ito take the initiative
in bending the will of the legisla-
tive branch to their own ends.
Congress, being made up largely
of lawyers, with the lawyers de-
votion to precedent, has built
around itself cocoon of custom.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17
chip in .$1,e93.S0 each to cancel
out the Nations indebtedness.

chip in $1,es3.S0 each to cancel
out the Nations indebtedness.
It was a simple job for 90 legis-
lators to keep track Of things in
the peaceful early days Of the
Republic. It is another thing-not
harder, but quite impossible for
531 of them to exercise close con-
troll over the Federal machinery in
the anxious present. It will be even
more impossible In the future.
But despite all the changes the
Nation and the Congress have
undergone since 1889, the theory
and duty of Congress are the same
today as when the Republic be-
gan. II, today, Congress is unable
to cope with events as well as 1t did
1853 years ago, the answer can only
lie In what Congress itself has
done-or failed to do-across the
years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

I'll develop into regular salesman.
Bob went on to explain that his pay
for selling Is on commission basis:
No sales, no pay. So the assured In
come from driving the truck was q
desirable guarantee In the beginning.
Now he has progressed to the point
where his commissions equal his pay
as q driver.
One and one-half years after his
graduation, his drivers pay plus his
commissions on sales give him q total
income which exceeds that Of some
college professors who have Phi. ..
degrees and 10 years Of professional
experience. 4i
ssThere was q high school principal
who offered me q job that sounded
me, except for the salary" Bob said.
"Now I'm making as much money as
that principal does" I believe his
summary Of the situation Is entirely
accurate.
Test Pilots and GroceFs
Here are some Of the things other
young men who prepared In our
classes for the teaching profession
have become. Air Force test pilot,
public relations counsellor. Secret
Service operative. grocer. importer
and distributor Of books. curios and
art materials. magazine sales promo
ton representa- alive. statistical drafts.
man. producer Of training Aims Tor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

OF the Phi Delta Kappan. According
to MIR. Unruh. only per cent of the
male teachers support themselves
and their families by teaching alone;
90 percent hold supplementary jobs,
or their wives work, or they have
some income which is independent
OF their earnings in the field Of
; education.
For generations, America has put
its faith in education. Our public
school system Is one Of the, great
bulwarks Of our form Of Government
and Of our way Of life. It Is through
the schools that good citizenship, pa
triOtism and the other American
virtues are developed. OF course, the
schools do not stand alone In this.
The home and the church have their
parts to perform In the educational
picture also. But America must con-.
tinue TO have good schools, merely to
survive In today's world. It must have
excellent schools, II we are to make
progress.
Schools cannot be much better
than the teachers who serve IN them.
In order to maintain the standards
Of our schools or to raise these stand
ards, it should be our duty to attract
good people to teaching. We should
make the field Of education highly
desirable one for our best young peo-
pie TO enter. One way to accomplish
this is to make teaching worthwhile
from the financial point of view.
II we are to put education In its
proper place In our national scheme
OF things. we must remove the condi-
ton that now prevails the condi-
ton under which they can't afford
totteach.' Z
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

nNE of the marvelS OF ocean
" travel is the fact that giant
vessel like the Queen Mary can be
turned with ease by a quartermas-
ter spinning wheel hardly larger
than a monograph record. The ex-
PLANTATION Of this seeming miracle
lies in the fact that great resources
of hidden power are available to
the steersman. Machinery is on his
side. He gets results because the
machinery is the latest and best
that has been devised.
In the American ship of state
which is far bigger and more un-
wieldy than any conventional ship
afioat- Congress is assigned the
job Of steersman. In the theory Of
American constitutional law, the
ship sails to port or to starboard,
according to the impetus given the
wheel by the quartermaster, whose
orders come from the voters. The
congressional steersman-like his
counterpart on the Queen Mary
has great reserves of power at hand.
And yet, today, the ship of state
is not being properly steered. It
is not being properly steered be-
cause the machinery of the helm is
out Of date. Begged down In 18th
and 18th century procedure, mill
ing about in half-organized FASH
ion under the pointless tyrannies
of committee chairmen, pteoccu-
pied with what Edmund Burke
called amean and petty business"
Congress is as incapable. of giving
the Nation the direction it needs
as the Queen Mary's quartermaster
would be If he tried to use a tiller.
The job of Congress, since the
Nation was founded, has changed
SO greatly in degree that 1t has vir-
tually changed in kind. But the
reason for Congress existence re-
mains unaltered:: To hold the purse
strings, to set the policy, to see
that the policy is carried out. Be-
yond the performance of these
three basic tasks, everything Con-
gress does is mere waste motion.
And the motions of this greatest
legislative body in the world are
too precious to waste.
More, is at stake here than a
question Of efficiency. The future
of our whole system of Governments
is at stake. Congress must change
its way Of life and get back to the
fundamental job Of running the
country. It must do so because this
step is essential Il democracy IS to
survive, If the republican form of
government is not to be overthrown
bloodlessly by bureaucracy and its
attendant despotism. And there is
not much time to lose.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

But this cocoon, far from enabling
its contents to develop into some
thing beautiful and stately, is
threatening to strangle the, meta
morphosing being inside. Custom
aborted the Reorganization Act of
1e46, which was Congress first real
attempt to reform itself into
workable 20th century body. Gus
tom has bound Congress. to
seniority rule that negates the basic
premise Of democracy-that the
majority should rule. Custom has
enabled members Of the upper
chamber to say anything they
please. for as long as they please.
on any subject they please to talk
about. Custom not only has pre-
vented many reforms, but has
caused other reforms, once made, to
be repealed.
Seniority Rule
OF all the offenses against itself
that Congress has committed, prob
ably the greatest single one is the
seniority rule. It has chung to this
rule as the ancient martyrs en-
braced the burning-stake. And UNI
less something is done, Congress
seems destined to the martyrs fate.
Like most bad rules, the seniority
rule is based on a false premise
that long time in job necessarily
makes man well qualified to do
. the Job. Several years ago, Con-
gress legislated the last vestiges Of
this idea out Of existence for the:
military service.
But not for itself. When q new
Congress organizes, the, majority
party. has charge OF assigning COM
mittee chairmanships. BY long
standing custom, a Craftsmanship
goes to the majority party member
who has served longest on the
committee. The possibly superior
qualifications of another member
are Of no account In practice, the
system sometimes happens to work
out well.
But once in the saddle, virtually
nothing but death, defeat Of person
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

niifside their hn,rlecs onnfhor IN ,,o,.
cent az gros, I st,da,,ts s- a - e
rer cent bava occayt MA. ,,Ss,t ie. T.; Z;
some field other than that for which
they were especially trained
Peculiar Paradox
~ see,rs ,,..,,,,ar ,ar.s.v .,,.4
vc,,,,s ,,ao,,,a 49, ,n.rs aoA t.s sa,ss
yr,,o era .srs,,,a - ,,asa.x 49, aoo.s tsas,, $500
inc or,r a,,d NH, :. a,,a s 49, 49, sd,,aa
tim courses s ~ - yr rss 4,,s,,.ssi,s.
far '- certif,cst;c,, as tsac,srs .ssa,,,s
s,,d 4 sdva 40 aa - = a,ts,. s 49,.
1ialds :. - an are nssn tssra !, Ssa. =,
acute acute shortage IS If teachers : -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

- 80 = WAs
Chairman, Department Of Edncation.
American University. 4
ment. better working conditions, or
employment in q favored locality.
Not all Of our renegade education
students have been married men with
families to support. Some women who
have done work In our education
classes have found it advantageous
to turn to other fields after gradu-
alton. +
Some Of them have done secretarial
work rather than teaching. Even In
these cases. the salary differential
was not IN favor Of professional edu-
cation.
S. Per Cent Are Teaching
In order to determine. with o fea-
sonable degree Of accuracy. the pres
ent employment status Of our grad
yates. we recently mailed question
naires 10 126 Of them. These were
young men and women who, since the,
fall Of 1S47. enrolled In our advanced
courses, IN education. who did prac-
tice teaching under our supervision,
and who received their A. B. or B. 8.
degrees from us.
At the time Of this writing, 81 re-
plies have been received. We have
some personal knowledge about i've
0r SIX others who have not returned
the questionnaires.
1t appears. from this survey. that
about S. per cent Of our recent grad
uates In education actually hold
teaching positions: 10 per cent are
!. housewives wha ore not employed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

Joe was q student in our education
classes ss.s AZ the university. he was was
i, .Inne last wear The other dav he
came into INV once and sat down ia
the chair at the side of INV desk. After
the usual exchange Of Greetings. he
said: IT feel a bit like apolieizing
to you. Professor. You see. I'm not
teaching. I have accepted q Govern
ment lob"
4. o,,,. conversation, .o,,+,,,,,.,, q
da .n that Ios still, bas az a., S
tsrsSt in tsachins Ha a .,,is a. ~,
exner,ence as : nractice. taacbe, or lac, at
wear and would seek 4 position ', IA
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

been responsible for this prodigal
use Of the legislatures time. Actu-
ally since the turn Of the century,
Northerners have made most of the
filibustering speeches. In l949, Harry
Cain Of Washington interrupted q
Southern filibuster against amend
Ing the cloture rule with six-and-
three-uuarter- hour filibuster of his
own against former Gov. Mon
Wallgren.
Electric Voting
Congressional custom not only
has blocked changes in the rules
OF procedure-it also has barred the
chronological advances of modern
science which might effect Con-
gresss way of doing business. For
s. years now, Wisconsin's Legisla-
ture has employed electric voting
machines; 81 States, including
Maryland, are using these devices
today. It has been calculated that
month of time in every con-
gressional session could be saved
by an electrical voting system,
which would cost about 100000 to
install and $4,000 a year to use.
Yet Congress clings to the roll-call
vote, and the House wastes from
halt to three-quarters of an hour
every time quorum or vote call
is made.
AL these are wasteful and In
efficient procedures. But, In fact,
they have nothing to do with the
basic reason why Congress is FUN
bling around with q Job that looks
more hopeless each year. The root
difficulty Is that Congress Is SPEND
Ing 50 much Of its time on q mass
OF urimportant detail that it has
no time for the big job it is
supposed to be doing.
On one page of the senate's
calendar OF business last week was
"A bill TO provide for the dissolution
OF the Reconstruction Finance Corp
Ian item Of the kind Of business
TO which Congress- should allow IT,
self to devote careful attention. The
kind Of thing which makes such de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

votion impossible was exemplified
on the facing page: A bill ito amend
the act entitled An Act to Regu-
late the Practice of Optometry in
the District Of Columbia :"
Alaska vs.. Parking Lots
There was "a bill to provide for
the admission Of Alaska into the
Union" There also was "a bill to
prohibit the parking Of vehicles
upon any property owned by the
United States for postal purposes"
Each was equally entitled to the at
tention of the worlds busiest law
making body.
That same calendar included
Senator Brewster's s. 2147, for the
relief of one Arthur K. Prior to
the tune Of $520.28. Time and, again
1t has been suggested that these
private matters which almost with
out exception partake of q common
triviality, should be turned over
for administration or adjudication
to appropriate authorities else
where in the Government. They
add up to a stable burden; Ali
private bills were passed in the
last session Of Congress, as against
only 255 public measures.
II Congress had all the time in
the world, it would not really mat
ter how petty its legislative in
terests became. Or If there were
short cuts that could be taken on
unimportant bills, it would not
matter so much. But every bill
that becomes law must 60 through
% steps, some perfunctory, some
tedious. And the legislative mills,
once they get started, grind neither
slower nor faster for little pebbles
than for big boulders.
One noted political scientist has
summed it up this way: Congress,
he says, is In the retail business"
legislatively speaking. It is neg
lecting the wholesale job 1t was set
UP to perform. In other words, it
Is swamped. It is like a man fuss
ing over q cluttered desk, so des-
perately harassed that he never
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

or party, or resignation can dis
lodge a chairman. And, as Jeffer-
son put 1t, Few die and none re-
sign" u
Once established as chairman, q
legislator has virtually autocratic
power over his committee. He is
aaswerable to no one for his acts.
One House Rules Committee CHAIR
man became known by the nick
name "vest Pocket" because that.
was where he carried pieces of,
legislation of which he disapproved.
This Rules Committee, by far the
most powerful one in the House,
has the Congress at its mercy, since
mo bill can get considerations untif'
it obtains a "rule." And by the
same token, the committee is
largely at the mercy of its chair
man. since it can meet only on his
call. It does not strain logic, there
fore. to say that the chairman Of
the House Rules Committee can
rllle-not to say tyrannize-the
Government Of the United States
If he so desires.
Unfortunate Second Guess
In the Reorganization Act OF
1916, Congress attempted to break
this potential stranglehold on legis-
lation by providing that any bill
bottled up in Rules could be released
after 81 days by a vote Of the
House. But such is the legislatures
perseverance, in thwarting its own
ends that shortly after the Rsor-
ganization Act was passed It was
amended TO abolish the 2l-day rule.
{ Congress has other ways 81 keep
ing itself from getting things done.
Most Of them are too well known to-
deserve being dwelt on. The fili-s
buster Is. Of course, a prime ex-
ample; by adhering to- the shib-.
boleth Of unlimited debate In the
Senate, Congress has wasted tihei
in the. past 40 years equivalent to.
working hours Of couple Of aver,
age sessions. 1t Is q popular mis-
conception that Southerners have.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17
The Theory

Congress is the great command
ing theater of this Nation" Thomas
Jefferson wrote in 1903. These nine
words sum up the theory Of Con-
gress' reason for existence as well
as anything that has ever been
written. The same thing is spelled
out In more detail In the Constitu-
ton, where the very listing of Con-
gress' powers ahead of those of the
executive and judiciary empha-
sizes the fact that while the Gov
eminent Is trinity, the legislative
branch is pre-eminent.
None Of the "a amendments to
the Constitution has taken away
a bit Of Congress power, or added
power to the executive at the ex-
pense of the legislative. Congress
remains the sole agency to levy
taxes. borrow funds, regulate COM
merce, coin money, establish lower
courts, raise armies, wage war and
do a host Of other things in the
name of the United States. Con-
greSs was given all these rights in
the beginning so as to prevent
power from ever becoming concen-
trated in the hands Of any one but
the people.
But things were different in those
days. When the LIST Congress
convened, the United States was
an agricultural republic of hardly
more than 8 million population,
with citizenry far less diversified
and with problems far less complex
than are to be found today in an
other society Of million persons,
the city OF Chicago.
Also, in the late 1700s, commune
cations were rudimentary, and such
pressure groups as existed found 1t
difficult If not impossible to harass
and often confuse Senator'S and
Representatives with patches of
seemingly important mail.
A Chubby Affoir
The National Government of the
1905 was a chubby little. affair.
Twenty-six Senators and Ga Repre-
sentatives made up the legisla-
tive branch. The President and a
handful of advisers and clerks car
ried out Congress dictates. The
judiciary was q tiny band Of judges
without much to do in a Nation
where the State courts were busily
and smoothly functioning.
In the first decade OF Congress
existence the Government collected
and spent an average Of less than
So million a year. The national debt
was $83 million, and at the end of
the 18th century could have been
liqujdated by q levy Of $15.87 on
each Of the SIS million persons listed
in the census OF 1900.
BY 1851, the Government was
spending nearly $40 billion q year;
the public debt had scared beyond
q quarter Of q triIlion dollars, and
the l52 million residents Of the
United states would have had y
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-02-17

gets around to work that has to
be done. It has reached the point
where It mast sit back for q minute
and take stock Of the situation.
Evening star., 1952-12-09
u. 5. Begins Action
TO Take Citizenship
From Anasiasia
by the Assoeicted Press

Attorney General McGranery
today ordered proceedings to strip
American citizenship from Albert
Anastasia, described by the JUS
tice Department as New York
waterfront racketeer.
AnastaSia, a native of Italy, is
a leading figure in the New York
State Crime Commissions investi-
CATION of alleged gangsterism in
the worlds largest dock area.
The Justice Department said il
had allegations in its files that
Anastasia. SO. living at Fort Lee
N. j.. was one-time "lord high
executioner of Murder. Inc"
The decentralization proceed
ing will be filed in Federal Court
at Newark, N. j.. probably late
today. The action would be the
first step in possible deportation
of Anastasia.
1t will allege he failed to dis
close various aliases and a crimi-
nal record in obtaining his cer-
tificate for entry into this country
Mr.. McGranery said Anastasia
denied having such a record. al
though he had been convicted OF
murder and sent to the death
house in Sing Sing. prior to a re-
versal of the conviction on appeal
in 1921.
His record, Mr.. McGranery said
"also shows that he had been ar
rested three other times, and two
of these arrests involved murder. -
Evening star., 1952-12-09
I0'Conor Is Critical
I0f Acheson Stand on
u. ). Reds With u. n,
BY the Assoeiafed Press

Senator O'Conor. Democrat, of
Maryland. says he is disappointed
in Secretary of State Acheson's
attitude toward Communist pene-
tration of Americas United Ma
tions staff.
"A shockingly weak protest, I"
was the way Senator O'Conor de-
scribed a letter, dated October II,
from Mr.. Acheson to Senator
Wiley. Republican, of Wisconsin.
According to Senator O'Conor, Mr..
Acheson told Senator Wiley, I'VE
do not regard the employment of
United States citizens who are
Communists as being in the best
interest of the organization (U. NJ
or of this Government"
Senator Wiley is a United States
Delegate to the U. N. General As
sembly. Senator O'Conor is a
member of the Senate Internal
Security Subcommittee which has
been investigating charges of
Communist inf1ltration and sub
versive activities involving some
on the U. N. staff.
The subcommittee resumes its
at New York today. The
session was scheduled to be held
behind closed doors and there were
no announced plans for hearings.
Eighteen American employees of
the U. N. have resigned or been
fired recently after refusing to an
swer questions before the subcom-
mittee.
Evening star., 1952-12-09

the largest farm organization in
the world Q,492,292 farm fam
ilies) the additional laurel of be-
ing the first completely nation
wide organization of farmers"
A policy of mo compromise
with Russia was advocated in a
speech prepared for the days pro-
gram by Frank r. Ahlgren, editor
of the Commercial Appeal OF
Memphis, Tenn.
Asks End of Appeasement.
"The pushing around we have
been getting in the Korean op.
Grafton is not helping our Cross
ley rating in the community o1
nations" he admonished. "You
cannot compromise with Goddess
ness and the sooner we abandon
the policy of appeasement the
sooner we will see an end to oul
difficulties.
The delegates turned to genera
convention sessions today aftel
meeting yesterday in a dozen as.
sorted conferences on agricultural
problems and affairs.