davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-01-31

But Walcott going kick the traces is the
cportune time Congress has become interested in Norris
alleged monopoly the BC could nte trouble by trying
to prevent Walcott- Matthews fight
KEY FIGURE in shenangans taking place in WASH
ngon Jack Hurley tn pasy who has set OF ulcers
sinus trouble Kid Matthews There those who
Jack Hurley the smarest guy in boxing II he lands this
fight with Wacott win just about lock the distinction
Strangely, Hurley has been vitality interested in
ue you get title for your boy and don't run him any
pnger Hurley claims Everybody makes matches for him
but the guys manager"
4 Of course Hurley never big good fighter like Mat
thews heavyweight title he worth owning But
Hurley OF lesser championships was lncnneo 70 De om
Even when Hurley had Billy Petrole he made no About eor
lightweight title Only late in Petroles career
did the manager even let him try.
PETRoIIE WAS ONE best of all modern nghtweghts
superb fighter with hook the body who took em all
and beat most o them including Jimmy McLarnn Tony Can
zoneri Battano Hurley used to tell Perole I'VE
can make lot of together And it's easier to do
without holding any title"
The old Fargo Express went along with Hurley had
beaten Canzone who came back to win the title Then IN
the twilight OF his career, Petrolle went to Hurley
Jack" he said you and have made lot of money.
We've been together for a long time"
"That's right" Hurley agreed whats on your mnd2"
"Well" Perole said, II kind of thought that before i
check out I'd like to be champion"
Hurley Said BILLY it's too late Since had your
operation you haven't got the old hook And your legs are
gone"
81 BUT PETRoILE was persistent Gust argued
aT to try you get match with Canzoneri for
the title?"
Hurley reluctantly agreed At the end Of 10 rounds
tz6e was ahead points After II rounds twas all eyen
by the END Of the 15th Canzones youth prevailed and
the rugged little Italian spoiled Petroes belated hopes OF
winning championship.
Hurley again demonstrated his apathy toward ordinary
title when refused offer to fight joey Maxim the
abysma1y dull lightheavy champion But the Heavyweight
title something There's where the big money Hes
MONEY Is NOT unineresting to Hurley who splits Mat
thews right up middle so cent and makes bones
about it. eff make money you make it, too," Hurley told
the Kid when he took him
/ Matthews no sensation. He'd been fighting for
dozen years before he met Hurley but he wasn't getting rich
his contract with his former out Matthews
went from Seattle to Chicago to Hurley.
"I1l take you," Hurley told him. "but we split $3.50"
Kid aghast. There plenty Of who
willing to settle for 1878 cent One had volunteered
buy Matthews contract. But Hurley wanted half For
that will teach you how to fight" he said II will pubcze
you and will make you some money"
the Kid signed with the expensive And Hurley
taught him fight And they've made little bit Of money
Matthews is the only fighter in to become an issue
Capitol Hill. Even Hurley didn't count on that much
pubicity
Evening star., 1952-01-31

] n 8 m q ] o r.
schedules have
lost only one
game, but t h e
Nittany Lions.
W h o play at
Uni
versity tonight
after beating
N a w, So 40.
yesterday, have
gotten less aIs
t e n tion than
the others.
Coach Elmer
GYogS. hirl1ly
Evening star., 1952-01-31

Saints with IL points. vic Collier
was high for Gaithersburg with Is.
In Negro school action. Elgin
Baylor, one Of the city's top scor-
|ers, Gagged 50 points to led Phelps
Ito an 8O-52 rout Of Bates. and
Dunbar beat Carver. 1882.
Evening star., 1952-01-31

uetnfOneS the ancient Tiger 1IOm CamuEM,
NJ
A monopoly in boxing is possible only
when the heavyweight crown is controlled.
Mike Jacobs had Joe Louis. Norris has Wall
colt. or rather, had him until Western pro-
moter began talking about $250O0O guaran-
tee to bolt and fight Matthews.
Probably even Walcott viii admit that
Ezzard Charles deserves first crack at the
title. Charles style is dull and he's no box
office draw but, after all, it's Ezzard's crown
Walcott is wearing and there is supposed to
be an agreement, verbal or in writing, pro-
Evening star., 1952-01-31
Penn State S d Bit Ignored,
But Goes on Winning Games

Penn State probably is the least
publicized college basketball team
in the country for its record.
Fewer than q dozen teams play
Evening star., 1952-01-31
$165 900 Irish Colt Gains Derby Stature il Defeating Hill Gail
Win, Lose, or Draw
By FRANCIS. sTANN

WHEN AND Jersey Walcott risks his title against
Harry Matthews it likely will shake the International Boxing
Club to its foundations There who say 1t will end
Evening star., 1952-01-31
Hockey at q GIunce
hssApEI.E.Ns hsst NlEht's R.;glss. ,gI!s

hSERfoaS hsis REf1sSt'' LEsGTE. Essslts.
Syracuse. 4; Providence, 2.
Cleveland, g: Hershey. o.
cincipnsti padirIG 4 .I% st LSuis SfSyertims,.
Tacoma. -: Calgary, 6.
EASTERN LEAGUE.
Springfield. 3; Johnstown. g fovertimel.
ToledaN dlNTkEhEATioNAL I. Ercr LEAGUE.
Chatham. 8; Detroit Hettche. 8.
Last Nights Schedule.
NATIONAL LEAGUE.
New York at Montreal
Boston ct Chicago.
AMERICAN LEAGUE.
Cincinnati at indianapolis
- PACIFIC COAST LEAGUE.
EASTERN LEAGUE.
s MTEREAiI6NAL LEAGUE.
No games scheduled.
Evening star., 1952-01-31

ship team Of 1910. Another is It's
zone defense. which has been the
subject of criticism by other
coaches.
Evening star., 1952-09-07
Atom Weapons 10 Cut.
Eventual Manpower
Needs, Collins Says
BY the As.oeio,ed Pres,

BY the Associated Press
SUPREME HEADQUARTERS
ALLIED POWERS IN EUROPE, |
Sept. 6.-Gen. j. Lawton Collins
assured North Atlantic Treaty
powers today that American atom
ic weapons eventually will reduce
manpower demands for the de-
fense of Europe.
Such atomic weapons as are
already available, the Unitedl
States Army Chief OF sta told
newsmen. would be put into ac-
tion right away in support Of both
American troops and their allies
from all the NATO nations in the
event of war.
Gen. Collins remarked that
atomic weapons will not lessen|
the number of divisions required
initially for the defense of Europe. ~
| Then. in response to questions,
he said:
"They will result ultimately inI
ability to do the job with q smaller
number of divisions. They can add
materially to the ability of Westernl
Europe to defens itself"
Falling Short of Goals.
\ NATO appears to be falling
short Of its goal Of so divisions.
active or in immediate reserve, forl
1852. Ministers of the 14-nationI
organization are meeting in Paris
in mid-December to patch gaps
in the program and set up a re-
armament schedule for 1858.
Gen. Collins spoke to group Of
correspondents in SHAPE head
qparters, which he was visiting as
part of a regular tour Of American
troops installations. Englishs,
French and American newsmen|
based most Of their questions on
atomic weapons after the general
said he was not here to discuss
buying weapons in Europe to pep
up the European rearmament|
drive.
Gen. Collins told the correspon-
dents he would not tell what type
o fatomic weapons were available.
1.-THE Russians would like tol
know that" he added.
But he said he was discussing
with all NATO powers how atomic
weapons should be used in case Of
war.
They are best on defense to con-
centrate on troops massed to at
tempt a breakthrough, he ex-
planned.
Will Support" All Troops.
When one of his replies gave the
impression atomic weapons would
be supplied to NATO troops; he
corrected himself to say that they
will be used in support" of all
troops. That left in doubt whether
A-bombs and the newer tactical
weapons would be distributed
among the allies. or kept strictly
in American hands. He declined
to clear up the point
He said he doubted whether
the Russians had atomic tactical
weapons, such as atomic artillery.
but that any defense force would
have to assume that in time they
would develop them.
Asked whether the success Of
North Korea and Chinese troops
in advancing in the face Of Allied
air superiority had not taught
some lessons for use in Europe.
Gen. Collins replied:
mo tactics have been used in
North Korea that were not al
ready known"
He added, by way Of correcting
the correspondents question, that
there were mighty few North Ko-
reans on the Red front.
"They are almost all Chinese"
he said.
Gen. Collins said he was going
to visit trops in Italy and Trieste
next week, then take q vacation
i in Bavaria.
Evening star., 1952-07-06
Todoys Youth Sicer or Is Health Doo Better Thon 945?

jected for the same reason. On
the face Of it. this would in
dicate a terrific increase in
heart disease. But recalled for
re-examination during the early
months Of the Korean action
were the younger 4-Fs of the
late World War II period. Thus,
men rejected for heart trouble
the first time around were re-
jected for the same reason a
second time.
Gen. Hershey complains that
the greater the strides made in
medicine, the smaller the per-
centage of the male population
who are found to be physically
and mentally fit for armed
service.
Health officials feel there may
always have been the same per-
centage-or an even greater
percentage-of physical defects.
But they weren't detected. And
the total number of persons
alive and relatively healthy is
greater than in the days of
poorer medical care.
Evening star., 1952-07-06

moral reasons. In "bottom-of-
the-barrel" 1915, the overall
rejection rate was about 80 per
cent.
Reflections for moral reasons
-com ,tion of serious crimes,
etc.-were a drop in the bucket.
And the number rejected
for inability to pass the 10 ex-
animation has been reduced
since passing standards were
lowered in January, 1851. The
big majority of the approx
mately is million rejects were
turned down because of some
physical defect.
Gen. Hershey says all of this
points to two unacceptable con-
clusions." First, that we must
learn to utilize our available
youth as effectively as possible,
and. second. that there Is a
real youth-health problem in
Evening star., 1952-07-06
Howdy Wasn't the Doody Who od Most Copotes Like Transit Rodo

guess It isn't, after all-she
said, q little further along: I'm
glad about the Supreme Courts
decision. Music In your buses
takes my mind OF my troubles
and browns out the voices Of
others on the bus
Whats it say down at the
bottom there?n
"Why-er-well--sh made us
q little suggestion about put
ting vents along the floor that
the passengers could open or
close. Cool air flowing over
our hot feet would be so nice
during the summer months she
said"
Going to act on that?"
Special Request
Hasn't been up before the
board. Now let's see what else
we've got. Here's q lady, Mrs.
Viola Collier jackson. asked us
If we'd play Mother Machree'
on Mothers Day. No need to
wonder where she stands on
transit radio! And Mynette
Matney called In to say she
hopes we'll always have music
on our buses. Said 1t digs her,
or something like that. Said
she sees people tapping their
feet, and it helps her do her
homework. Mynette is 13 and
in the seventh grade. And
why, here's Pvt. Joseph Ros-
enstein, 11223467, who says he's
a Bostonian and Boston has no
transit radio. He's for it. Didn't
say anything about going back
to Boston. ha ha! Here's a
man. Navy captain, who wrote
"a sizzling letter castigating the
so-called National Citizens
Committee Against Forced Lis
tening and sent us a copy. And
yes, here it is-Mrs. John p.
McAvoy phoned In, the day after
the big decision, to say that she
and her husband had actually
prayed for the Capital Transit
Co. the whole time the case
was before the high court.
Then there was the Rev. Willis
Brown"
"Uncle!" said your reporter
again and took his leave, re-
turning to his Office in a taxi.
Evening star., 1952-07-06

So. one fine morning last
week. your reporter found him
self on melodious streetcar.
headed for the offices of the
Capital Transit Co., Thirty
sixth and M streets NV.
1t was a longish ride and
there was plenty of time for the
reporter to ponder whether his
rights, under the first and fifth
amendments, were being vio-
lated. It was a knotty problem.
The selections Of music that
were played that morning
seemed inoffensive, tending
more toward inducing somno-
lence than rage, but some of the
spoken portions of the broad
casts were less easeful. You.
the little guys" said the an
nouncer'S voice, with hateful
air of superiority, "can get the
same discounts as the big guys,
if you :" A little later your
Evening star., 1952-07-06
Court Reform
U. S. Tribunals Will Hove TO Wait
For Much-Needed StreumIininq
By Donald MichueI Ruuh

Supreme Court Justice Felix
Frankfurter's remark recently
that the high courts staggering
case load seriously threatens ef-
fective judicial review points up
the Importance of a little-noticed
measure that passed the House
but was stuck in the Senate
Judiciary Committee as this
Congress closed.
Sponsored by Representative
Smith. Democrat. of Virginia.
the bill would have freed Federal
courts of many cases that State
courts might properly consider.
1t would have reduced by an
estimated 5000 the number Of
cases sent from State to Federal
Jurisdictions. This alone could
go far to break the log-jam Of
litigation in the Supreme Court
and still would not overburden
the State courts.
Recent court reforms insti-
tuted in New Jersey have en-
abled that States 110 higher
ranking judges to dispose Of
twice the amount Of work that
1872 judges did in 1947. Such
success serves to dramatic what
might be accomplished in easing
the Supreme Courts load. Al
ready Michigan, Ohio, Illinois
and Connecticut are using the
New Jersey experiment as a
basis for revamping their own
courts. Others are talking
about following suit.
Slow Progress
Court reform In America has
progressed slowly and a good
deal more painfully than in
England. Justice Frankfurter,
then a law professor at Harvard.
wrote a book on the subject back
in 1928. The United States. he
wrote, persisted in 18th century
habits and institutions long
after England had completely
modernized the system which
our own court founders had
copied.
At the time of Chief Justice
John MarShall'S appointment
in 1901. the chief justiceship
was said to be a sinecure. Only
10 cases we're brought before
the court in that year. Busi-
ness increased thereafter until
between 1926 and 1880 the
number of cases rose to an
annual average of So. Follow
ing the Civil War and for the
next IS years. there was an
enormous increase, due to
questions arising from the war,
reconstruction, amendments to
the Constitution and the es-
tablishment of the Court Of
Claims. The number of cases
reached 1,069 in 1880, and nine
years later, 1,478.
In our own era, the Supreme
Court, between 1899 and 1949,
reviewed an annual average
of more than 1000 cases. But
at the same time it has left
an average of 1876 cases for sue
ceeding terms.
In the early period when
cases were relatively few in
number the court could, and
did, indulge in the luxury of ex-
tended argument. Until the
Evening star., 1952-07-06

Democrats and Republicans tore
the Nation apart on the gold
and silver, 16-to-1, issue. Most
Americans did not know what it
meant. but it was the issue all
the same.
When the Democratic conven-
ton met at Chicago the ways
were creased for Bland to take
the nomination on the first bal
lot. He arrived dripping with
pledged delegates. No one gave
a second thought to the Boy
Orator from the Platte. William
j. Bryan. He wasn't even a can
didate. but when they turned
him loose to speak he let go that
flaming. celebrated. silver-coat-
ed outburst that he climaxed
with, You shall not press down
upon the brow of labor this
crown of thorns. you shall not
cruelty mankind upon a cross
Of gold"
fhe delegates almost went
crazy. They tore up their ban
ners, tore off their clothes.
Many pledged to support Dick
Bland even tore up their pledges.
Next day the first ballot gave
dead certain" Bland 235, Bryan.
the unknown up to the day be-
fore, 119. On the sixth ballot
Bryan took the nomination.
Most conspicuous of the
many nomination. seekers was
James G. Blaine of Maine. In
1876 he was tops on the popu-
larity meter. His questionable
traffic in railroad bonds while
Speaker of the House had little
effect on the Republican dele
gates who f1ocked to his support
the moment he announced his
candidacy long before the Con-
vention.
The 'PIumed Knight
Blaine was placed in nomi-
nation at Cincinnati by the
most eloquent orator of the day,
Colonel Robert G. Ingersoll in
that famous speech which glori-
fed Blaine in these memorable
words. Like an armed warrior,
like q plumed knight, James G.
Blaine marched down the hall
of the American Congress" It
was terrific. The delegates al
most lost their minds. On the
first ballot Blaine got 285: Nor
ton. 124; Roscoe Conkling. 80
and Rutherford B. Hayes,
mere 81. After reaching 3o8
on the sixth ballot, Blaine's
luck ran out. Hayes was nomi-
mated unanimously two ballots
later.
In 1880 Blaine tried again. His
faithful 285 delegates were still
with him. This time, Grant had
reappeared. seeking a third
term. Grant had 306 pledged
to support him so it looked like
either Blaine or Grant would
get the nomination. On the first
ballot a dark horse James A.
Garfield had one lone tally. On
the seth Garfield took the
nomination. In 1884 Blaine
finally got the nomination. only
to lose the race to Grover Cleve-
land.
Evening star., 1952-07-06

to pass upon the adoption of a
new axle grease, although that
new axle grease might have
been suggested by one indi-
vidual."
''I got a little behind there"
said the reporter. What did
you say was the connection be-
tween transit radio and axle
grease?"
81 didn't say there was any
connection" said Mr.. Giddings.
Transit radio, or radio-in-
transit became a possibility when
FIN became widely available.
The history is too long to go
into, but it started in Cincinnati
in 1949. and, now that ultimate
judicial ruling has been made,
we expect. by 1854. to have all
our 1900 buses and trolleys
outf1tted with receivers.
He paused for dramatic effect.
Evening star., 1952-07-06

"You have asked me" he said,
whether the overwhelming ma
jority' Of our patrons really want
radio with their rides. answer
you that the majority is more
overwhelming! The whole hull
laballoo was caused, as so often
happens. by small. but noisy.
minority. We--and I mean
Capitol Transit and WWDC--.
had a survey made in April.
1949. to determine this very
point. This survey was made by
the Doody Company of st.
Louis"
would that be the"
Forgive me If I anticipate
your question. The firm is not
connected in any way with
Howdy Doody. It's operatives
interviewed bus and trolley
riders right on the vehicles. while
the broadcasts were going on,
and also at vehicle stops. It
was found that 74.4 per cent Of
those over 80 favored radio
without qualification, as part Of
our regular service and 86.7 per
cent of those under 80 also
favored it without qualification.
Stated another way. the Doody
poll proved that 98.3 per cent Of
those over 80 would not object
If the majority favored 1t. and
99.6 per cent Of those under
80 would not object. These are
on-the-vehicle figures. AS to
the vehicle-stop figures"
"Uncle!" said your reporter.
Unsolicited Reactions
"All right let's move on to an
other medium that reflects
public opinion. said Mr.. Cid
dings. He picked up a batch Of
papers. ''We keep a tabulated
record" he said, of all unsolic-
tied comments that come in to
Capital Transit on any subject
whatsoever, pro or con, by phone
or by letter. All these in my
hand have to do with transit
radio.
Here's a nice one, phoned in
by Mrs. L. J. Beutler: I think
your fares are too high and the
service not too wonderful
Whoa, hoss! Wrong slip! No. I
Evening star., 1952-07-06
By ChurIes Cooke

It's almost a month now
since the Supreme Court ruled
that the Capital Transit Co. Of
this fair town has a constitu-
tional right to beam broadcasts
into the helpless, hapleSs ears
of the passengers on its buses
and trolleys. Those who have
followed the grim controversy
will recall that way back in l949
the local Public Utilities Com
mission gave the go-ahead to
Capital Transit to proceed with
the broadcaStS. So violent were
the objections of some OF the
directors. notably one Franklin
s. Pollak and one Guy Martin,
that the whole thing landed in
District Court, which concurred
in the go-ahead. The next bat
tie scene was the Court of APP
peals, which reversed the Dis
trict Court. Then the Supreme
Court reversed the Court of Ap-
peals. Then-no. no, 1t ended
right there.
The Supreme Courts decision
was 2 to ], with Justice William
O. Douglas dissenting and JUS
tice Felix Frankfurter disquali-
flying himself. This reporter
wondered, at the time, whether
certain quotation of Justice
Frankfurter's comment on the
case was caused by the nervous
ness Of bus-riding linotype op-
orator or by transmitted intense
motion. In any case, Justice
Frankfurter'S comm ent, as
printed in prominent metro
politan journal. read: My feel
ings are so strongly engaged as
q victim of the p-practice in
c-controversy that I had better
not p-participate in judicial
j-judgment upon it."
Bitter Foctions
The dust having settled some
what. this seemed like the psy-
Geological moment to take a
peak behind the scenes of this
sQuabble which has split Wash
ington into factions as bitter
and intranSigent as the Mon
tagues and the Capulets, the
GuelphS and the Ghibellines,
the Hatf1elds and the McCoys.
Evening star., 1952-07-06

early 1920s. two hours were al.
lotted to each side. Today the
litigants are allowed one hour.
unless special consideration il
granted. when counsel may
have an hour and a half. The
theory underlying the courts
restriction was expressed by
Justice Hughes, who said, "A
vast amount of time Is una
voidably wasted in the Supreme
Court in listening to futile dis
cussion; this has the effect Of
reducing the time for cases
which should be fully pre-
sented."
Chief Justice william Howard
Taft likewise observed that the
most important function Of the
court-that Of construction and
application of the Constitu-
tion-would be impaired by q
burdensome docket. With JUS
tice Frankfurter, Justice Taft
was fearful Of compromising
the courts high standards and
the consequent injustice to the
litigants.
In 1916, Chief Justice Taft
succeeded in shutting OF cases
of minor Importance by giving
finality to the decisions Of State
courts and circuit courts of ap-
peals in certain types Of litiga-
tions. The Judiciary Act of that
year gave the Supreme Court
discretionary powers In accept
ing cases for judicial review.
Before that, review had been
obligatory. The power Of cer-
tiorari was q notable landmark
in Supreme Court reform.
Six years later the so-called
judges bill further relieved the
Supreme Court by a drastic
transfer of high court busi-
ness to the circuit courts of ap-
peals. Since then cases have
gone to the Supreme Court
from three sources: The dis
trict courts, the circuit courts
Of appeals and the State courts.
BY law the court was allowed to
confine its adjudications to
constitutional matters. The
number Of cases originating in
the inferior courts has been
lessened, but, as Frankfurter
and Lands have stated, Moth
ing has been done to narrow
the scope of the courts review
in cases allowed to come to it.
The members Of the Nations
highest tribunal, for example.
are not experts in the statutes
and common law Of the 48
States. Yet they are expected
to decide local questions with
out the guidance Of State court
decisions.
Justice Frankfurter and Dean
Lands have recommended that
1.-The credibility Of witnesses, the
reconciliation of conflicting tes-
timony, the proof of underlying
facts. the reliability of experts
-" ought to be sifted In the
lower courts.
The salutary progress made
in New Jersey judicial reorgan-
ization suggests the possibility
Of similar reforms at the Fed
eral level. Certainly the need
Is clearer than ever before.