davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-08-14
General to Accept
Offer Of Regular
Reports From CIA
By the Asseeiated Press

DENVER. Aug. 14.-Gen. Dwight
D. Eisenhower, the G. o. P. presi-
dental nominee, today rejected
an invitation from President
Truman to go to Washington for
a confidential "briefing" on the
international situation.
The general sent a telegram to
the President saying "it is my
Evening star., 1952-08-14

Eisenhower Sees Need to Restore Free
dom" to Iron Curtoin Motions. Page A.
Evening star., 1952-08-14

Picture on Poee AZ
Evening star., 1952-08-14

duty to remain free" to analyze
Truman administration policies
publicly. and that it would be
"unwise and result in confusion
in the public mind" if he accepted
the bid.
Evening star., 1952-08-14

(See SULLIVAN, Page A-2J
Evening star., 1952-12-25

doctors outside hospitals have
some kind Of an emotional dis
order. Yet, knowledge of mental
illness of various kinds is still in a
"rudimentary" state.
Dental disease: There is Shock
ing evidence" that the American
people need more dental care-for
example, a lot of people need false
teeth before they are "a.
Environmental health condi-
tions: Seven million American
homes lack running water one
third of the Nations dwellings are
overcrowded, lack decent toilet
facilities, or are otherwise defici-
ent.
Child health: Enormous gains"
have been made in the prevention
and cure of disease In children
but there remain many deficien-
cies in health services to the chill
dren of this Nation"
Evening star., 1952-12-25

Izontal position before receiving
medical care in a HOSPITALITY

Izontal position before receiving
medical care in a HOSPITALITY
Wants Team Groups.
6. Encouraging the organization
fof doctors and other health work
lers into teamlike groups in all
parts of the country system
which the commission contends
would go far toward meeting the
lcountry's health needs.
I'm general" the report said
"the diagnosis and treatment OF
disease are quite well done in this
country. The fact that these skills
are unavailable to many people
constitutes the main problem.
AS examples of how it contends
the Nation is presently falling
down on the job, the commission
cites these:
l. Last year, the total national
expenditures for medical research
was $3.50 million-which the COM
mission said was less than the
amount spent on building monu-
ments and tombstones.
2. I'm rural areas. recipients of
public assistance often get Sec
|ond-rate care from the standpoint
both of medical science and hu-
man dignity. The system Of poor
ly paid county physicians still in
vogue in many parts Of the coun-
try is a medical shame"
Surgery BY Substitute.
In it's criticism of doctors. the
commission said sometimes a pa
|tient is led to believe his family
Evening star., 1952-12-25
By Frank Corey

aeoUCAhtSU EIGS0 0ClGuCo ktepUItSks
Cold cash appears to be the
main prescription Of President
Truman's special health commits.
sion for curing the Nations
"demonstrable, well-documenteC
health needs"
In reporting such needs last
week after a year-long survey, the
commission indirectly laid some
of the blame at the door of the
medical profession.
But it also strongly implied that
society as whole is largely re-
sponsible for the situation and
should bear the brunt Of correc-
tion - principally by digging
deeper into its governmental and
private pocketbook.
The criticism of doctors and
allied health personnel included
allegations that:
1. There are overall organiza.
tional deficiencies in the way these
professional people apply their
combined skills.
Hits Fee Splitting.
2. Some doctors are. guilty OF
what the report called such "rep-
rehensible conduct" as fee-split-
ting.
8. Family doctors and specialists
are too often in Isolation" from
one another and so do not CO.
ordinate their skills for the best
good of the patient.
4. The medical profession hasn't
made completely adequate provi-
sion for the continued, up-to-the-
minute education of the family
doctor after he sets up practice.
although sometimes individual
doctors are themselves to blame
S. The medical schools aren't
giving enough emphasis in their
general training to matters con-
cerning the physical and emo
tional development Of mothers and
children.
s. Annual health examinations
of school children are too often
performed in perfunctory fashion
by school doctors.
Outside Factors.
But the report implied that the
heart of the Nations health prob
lem lies outside the health profess
sions themselves-and that its
solution lies in the public provid-
ling financial support for:
/. Training more doctors. den
lists, nurses and other, health
workers-and encouraging their
more equitable distribution
throughout the Nation.
2. Building more hospitals. par
ticularly in rural and other areas
repeatedly short in them.
8. Squirting medical research
especially against such things as
cancer and mental illness.
4. Putting medical and hospital
care on a prepaid insurance
basis for every one. with Federal
and State governments teaming
up to help people who can't pay
for their own insurance or Car
pay only part Of it.
5. Making such a prepayment
system cover all phases of medical
and hospital care. (The COM
mission says some of the present
prepayment plans, while having
the funds to encourage treatment
of some patients on an out-patient
basis, make it almost mandatory
for a patient to assume a hori.
Evening star., 1952-12-25
Mon jailed for Life
Baptized Into Church
BY the Associated Press

PINE BLUFF, Ark.-A convicted
murderer here waited until after
he had been tried and sentenced
to life Imprisonment before he was
baptized into the Baptist church.
The man. father Of six, was
convicted in the Staying Of his
wife on a Pine Bluff street. He
said he wished to wait until after
his trial was over before being
baptized because he did not want
the public to think he was seeking
sympathy.
Evening star., 1952-12-25

doctor performs a surgery whereas
he actually hires another doctor
to do the job after the patient
has been anesthetized on the op-
Grating table.
The commission offered no evi-
|dence of its own regarding such
practices. But it said top flight
organizations within the medical
profession had called attention to
such things periodically and had
roundly rebuked them as un-
ethical.
Here is a digest of some Of the
findings with regard to the Ma
tion's health conditions as out
lined by the commission:
Disabled people: Some 2 mil
lion Of the Nations total of dis
abled people could be placed in
employment or more productive
work-if there were sufficient re-
Mobilization programs in effect,
employing teams Of experts.
Chronic diseases: Long-dura-
ton ills like cancer. tuberculosis,
rheumatism and heart disease
account for about SIS billion in
public expenditures annually for
medical and hospital services
"yet. probably in no. other health
field is available knowledge so
little applied as in the prevention
of chronic disease"
TY>-. NR~~k~l ms~ln
Evening star., 1952-12-25

Heavy Mental Toll.
Mental illness: Half the patients
in all the Nations hospitals are
people with mental illness, and
about half the patients consulting
Evening star., 1952-03-02

him astonished: The mice getting
the fiuoridated water died first.
Public Health Service officials
went to Texas to check on Dr.. Tay-
lor's methods. These officials com.
planned on several scores, one being
that both sets of mice got large
amounts OF fuorine In theip food,
so the Auorine In the water was
not significant.
DR.. Taylor denied that the fiu-
brides In food had the same effects
as fiuorides in water, but neverthe-
less started the experiments all
over. This time, he put both groups
of mice on a fiuorine-free diet of
powdered. milk, powdered eggs and
grain.
He told the House committee:
"The results are the same. II
anything, they are more clear-cut.
If mouse were destined to die of
cancer, this disease developed
earlier in the group receiving
treated water, and the same was
true for other diseases"
Cause and Effect
DR.. Taylor emphasized that he
had no evidence that fluorides
caused cancer. It was just that if
a mouse were going to get cancer
anyway, the progress of the dis
ease was quicker if his water con-
tanned fiuorides. DR.. Taylor said
that if this data held true for
humans-and there was no assur-
ance that it would or wouldn't
might mean that f1uoridating wa
Evening star., 1952-03-02

sioners, an assembly and court of
appeals.
The military command of this army
obviously will be closely co-ordinated
with NATO. Details of this relation
ship, however. have not yet been
worked out.
The theory is that by the middle of
1854, the European army will have
43 divisions in the field. Fourteen Of
these are to be contributed by France,
which also is to have an air force of
some 1000 planes. Italy's share is
IL divisions and $500 planes. Bel
gium, the Netherlands and Luxem-
bourg, between them, are allotted five
divisions and 500 planes.
Germany is supposed to come up
with IL divisionS-eight of them
infantry units and four armored-
and tactical air force of 1,7O0
planes. Serious questions, however,
already are being raised as to
whether Germany, starting from
scratch, can produce such a force
in anything like the scheduled time,
even If all goes well politically.
NotionoI Up to Corps Level
As planned, the European army
divisions will be smaller than ours,
numbering $4,000 men for infantry
divisions and $4,000 for armored
units. Their size may later be in
creased, unless the development of
new weapons makes this inadvisable.
Up to division level, the units will
be national In character. At corps
level, however, divisions Of different
Ilationalities viii work side by side.
Each corps. composed Of three or
four divisions, iS TO be under o staff
composed Of representatives Of on
GERS Of ell six nattonalities.
There Is O world Of difference
between agreeing that such an army
should be created and creating such
an army. Oficially, at present, the
European Defense Community does
not even exist on paper. When O
treaty has been drafted-it Is ex-
pected that this win be accomplished
some time next nionth--the first step
will have been taken. Then that
treaty must be ratified by the vari-
Gus parliaments. And then. at last,
the long task OF converting Germany
from dangerous vacuum to o use
ful powerhouse can be fairly begun.
Evening star., 1952-03-02
By Newbold Noyes, Jr.

Communist defense effort as the
French seem doubtful of the advan-
tages of letting them do so.
Too much can be made Of this
sort Of fear-the experience at Lon
don and Lisbon proves that. In the
days preceding those meetings, hope
of bringing Germany into the West
ern military camp was at a low ebb.
The ancient enmity between France
and Germany, which had been lying
doggo, reasserted itself with sudden
and .ominous violence. Paris and
Bonn Wed with each other in attach
ing conditions to their agreement to
German rearmament.
And yet, when it came to the
showdown, reason did prevail. The
Germans. who wanted to regain con-
troll of the Saarland and who felt
they should have a voice in NATO,
were assured these desires would re-
ceive consideration. The French, who
wanted to be sure Germany would
not get too strong for them to
handle, were assured that German
arms production would be carefully
controlled and that American and
British troops would stay In Europe
and see that the former Reich is
not resurrected. On these assur-
anceS, the French and German gov.
ernments decided to 60 ahead.
Friction Not Eliminoted
For oil this. the plain fact 10 that
the basic friction between France
and Germany. which had threatened
TO make this NATO conference o
failure, was not eliminated by the ne
gotiations at London and Lisbon. It
did not wreck the conference; stop.
gap remedies were applied on each
side which make n possible 10 con.
tinue negotiations for the European
army. But much remains TO be done
II these negotiations are 10 succeed.
The plan for Germany which won
approval at Lisbon had been q long
time In the making. II ID q plan
which would bring Germany into the
European defense effort without adj
mitting her, for the present, 10 the
NATO club-<a plan 70 permit Ger.
many 10 regain armed power, and at
the same time 10 preserve interna-
tional control over that power. The
Evening star., 1952-03-02

the benefits carry over into adult
life.
Some opponents of fluoridation
think they have better system
than adding f1uorides to drinking
water. DR.. Howard v. Smith and
Dr.. Margaret Cammack Smith,
husband-and-wife research team
from the University of Arizona,
urged public health officials to
paint children's teeth with fluorides
rather than put the chemicals in
drinking water. Under this pro-
gram, dentist would apply fiuo-
rides to the teeth and the patient
would wash out any that is left
over, thus avoiding any danger Of
internal poisoning.
The Smiths reported another
argument in favor of tooth-paint-
Ing: It helps protect adult teeth.
They said dabbing fiuorides on
adult teeth sometimes causes ale
most miraculous results in preserve
Ing teeth that are about to go bad.
Fluoridated water probably won't
help adults nearly as much.
Evening star., 1952-03-02

MEMBERs of the House COM
1H mittee hunched over their
great horseshoe table, peering
anxiously at the witness, their
brains reeling from the impact Of
conflicting scientific testimony. At
last they were ready to put the
payoff question. Committee Chair
man Delaney of New York asked:
would you favor fiuoridating
WaShington's water supply?"
The witness, DR.. II. II. Neumann
of Columbia University, had been
reciting scientific data. Now he
hesitated. He hemmed and hawed.
Representative Delaney put the
question another way. This time,
the witness hawed and hemmed.
Committee members, suddenly
relaxed, leaned back and chuckled.
The fact was that DR.. Neumann did
not have a firm answer. He was as
confused as the committee.
Evening star., 1952-03-02
Lisbon Was Undoubtedly Success but Let's Not Be Carried Away

The free world. rejoicing over
what was accomplished at the recent
NATO conference, is like a man who
feared he was drowning and now
finds himself safe" on a desert
island. He has not yet had a chance
to take stock of the difficulties which
still confront him. Meanwhile, how
ever, he can't resist celebrating.
In this case, to say the least, cele-
bration is excusable. But there is a
danger of becoming too impressed
with our accomplishments to make
sense about the road ahead. It is
important to keep in mind just what
has happened-and to remember
what hasn't happened yet.
What happened in the London
Lisbon talks was that the representa-
tives Of the states concerned-includ-
ing those traditional enemies, France
and Germany-agreed on q plan
whereby the industrial power and
,manpower of Western Germany may
be incorporated in the West European
defensive pool. But the people and
legislatures of these states have vet
to agree. And the forces which will
make the plan effective have yet to
be brought into being. These are the
things which haven't happened yet.
The program adopted by the NATo
at this conference, Of course, has
many facets. Piled on delegates
desks, the reports and resolutions
which make up the program re-
portedly stood two feet high. In his
speech Friday night, Secretary OF
State Acheson reduced this mass Of
material to Ave main projects. But
the key project undoubtedly Is the
one which provides for German re.
armament and Incorporation Of Ger.
man forces In the so-called European
army. II was fear that this project
might have to be abandoned which
made the pre-Liebon outlook 20
gloomy. II Is relief that IL was not
abandoned which made the immedi.
ate post-Lisbon atmosphere 90
exhilarating.
Already. however. political de.
velopments In France have put
something Of O damper on the festive
mood. The government Of Premier
Faure. which spoke for France at
Lisbon. iS no more. The issue which
brought about its downfall Friday
was not the Lisbon agreement, TO
be sure. but rather the fiscal ar.
Evening star., 1952-03-02

ter would cut from three to Ave
years from the life of O person
destined to die Of cancer.
He urged cities to 90 slowly In
adopting fiuoridation. "A mistake
In On affair of this kind" said DR..
Taylor, "could have very serious
consequences. u. It Is O little
difficult to understand how this
state of complete assurance about
the matter has arisen and In so
short a time. =. Public interest
would be best served by more
cautious attitude. As a result
of our tests, 20 Texas cities have
put of fiueridation of water"
This sounded the keynote OF the
antifiuoridation experts. They con-
ceded that they did not know what
harm fluorines would cause, but
they said they had enough fears
to justify delay. They complained
that too much emphasis has been
put on study of fluorine's benefits
rather than its possible evils; too
much emphasis on the results
among children rather than adults.
Benefit for Children
Most studies have concentrated
on children because f1uorides ap-
pear to be most effective when
given to children below the age of
IL. Below that age, children are
developing their permanent teeth,
and dentists figure that it is best
to get the fluorine into the teeth
while the enamel is being formed.
Once the f1uorine is in the teeth,
Evening star., 1952-03-02

subject his system TO on unneces-
sary strain7
TO these questions no one really
knows the answer. Maybe the extra
work would harm the kidneys;
maybe II would not. But opponents
OF fiuoridation have advanced this
as one of the doubts concerning
the wisdom OF Auoridation.
And they have other doubts,
A few skeptics say scientists have
not yet firmly established how
much fiuorine person can con-
sumo safely. Undoubtedly some
persons are more sensitive to the
chemical than others.
Bones ond Brown SpIotches
Then there is some indication
that fiuorine also tends to accumu-
late in the bones-attracted there
by the calcium. Opponents of
f1uoridation fear that huorine, if
allowed to accumulate through the
years, may harm the aged.
It is known that too much fiuo-
rine will cause teeth to mottle-
turn brown in splotches. In ex-
tremely mild cases, small chalky-
white flecks appear on the rear
teeth. If person continues to con-
sumo too much fluorine, the white
f1ecks grow and the tooth enamel
in these areas roughens. The rough
enamel then picks up brown stains
from food. The result, is an un-
pleasant mottled appearance. Ap-
parently, the main objection to this
mottling is an esthetic one; it is
Evening star., 1952-03-02
Philosophical Query

And so philosophy gets involved
In the debate. The question Is:
What is the dividing line between
mass medication and reasonable
protection of public health. Some
members Of the public Just nat
urally resent any one tinkering
with the public water supply. They
say: IF somebody wants to drink
fiuorides, let him put the stun In
his own water-not mine"
Advocates OF fiuoridation, how.
ever, can put up q strong case even
on the philosophical front. They
point out that the public often has
been slow to accept medical de-
velopments. PasteugiZation OF milk
and chlorination Of water were hot
issues In their day, too.
Would huoridation be another
such boon? Or would II be O blum.
der? The trouble Is that there
seems TO be no way Of proving the
answer TO every ones satlsfaction--
without longer period b trial.
Evening star., 1952-03-02

idea is that these aims can be ac-
complished through the device of the
European army-or European De-
fense Community, as it is officially
called-in which national contingents
can be combined under degree of
unified control which NATO itself
does not provide.
Complex Machinery
The blueprinted machinery for the
political phase of this control
is exceedingly complex - rather
like that which is supposed to
administer the Schuman plan
for pooling the French and Ger
man coal and steel industries. There
is to be q guiding, council OF the
foreign ministers Of the six nations
involved - France, Germany, Italy,
Belgium. the Netherlands and Lux
embourg. The plan is to be
administered by q board of commits
Evening star., 1952-03-02

poison any one. Worry on that
score 10 about aS logical as worry
Ing about table salt because the
chlorine In 1t might Suffocate
you-or like avoiding radioactive
medicines because they might turn
You into an atomic bomb.
The doubts about flourine arise
from the fact that not much Is
known as to how this substance
works In the body. and why. This
much is clear: When fluorine
comes into the body in some such
compound as sodium silicohuoride,
a small portion of it hnds its way
to the teeth. There 1t joins with
the calcium, making the teeth more
resistant to decay. So far so good.
But the doubters want to know
what effect the rest OF the fiuorine
Is having on the rest of the body
in the meantime.
Evening star., 1952-03-02

not generally considered harmful.
There are indications that fiuo-
rine which does not hurt O healthy
person may cause mottling OF teeth
among children who are under
nourlshed. Dentists studied the
teeth OF Italian children who have
been raised on naturally fiuoridated
water but suffer from poor diets.
They have more mottled teeth than
well-fed American children who
drink water with an identical. huo-
rine content. The Italian study
further indicated that mottling of
teeth tends to increase in severity
even into old age, II the person
continues to drink heavily fiuori-.
dated water or has a low-calcium
diet.
Some authorities argue that IT
would be unfair to add chemicals
to Washington's water to help the
teeth of well-fed children If it dis
colors the teeth of some under
nouriShed youths.
Fost-Dying Mice
But perhaps the most interesting
evidence against fiuoridation comes
from Texas experiments on cancer
Gus mice. DR.. Alfred Taylor, doing,
research on cancer at the Univer-
sity of Texas, set out to learn
whether f1uorine would retard the
disease.
He used two groups of cancer
susceptible Mice. He fed one group
fluoridated water; the other group,
ordinary water. The results left
Evening star., 1952-03-02

rangements which were supposed to
back that agreement up. And it still
seemed possible-when this was
written. at least-that the situation
in Paris would work itself out with
out seriously jeopardizing the prog
ress that has been made. Neverthe-
less, here was one timely reminder
that it was unwise to count chickens
or divisions-too soon.
6ermon Election Coming
There doubtless will be other re-
minders as time goes by. Before any
German troops take their place in
the defense line. for instance, Chan
cellor Adenauer's West German gov
ernment will have to face an elec-
ton. And the Germans seem, Of late,
to be at least as doubtful of the
advantages Of putting their man
power and money into the anti
Evening star., 1952-03-02
Negative Case

Here is an example of the kind
OF question that has been raised:
Most Of the fiuorine taken into
the body-perhaps as much as 80
per CENTS removed through the
kidneys. No matter how little is
taken into the body, most of it
apparently is rejected. Since the
kidneys have to handle the lions
share of the body's. intake of
f1uorine, what would be the effect
on man who had kidney all
ment? Might not f1uoridated water