davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-07-31
summer hours

Main and North Building: open Monday through
Friday, except Thursday when hours are 1880
to 8. Closed Saturdays through August 23rd.
Bethesda Chevy Chase: Tuesday, Wednesday and
Saturday hours, $3.50 to g.. Thursdays and
Fridays, 1880 to 9. Closed Mondays.
Bethesda Budget Store: Tuesday through Satur-
day, $3.50 to 6.
Evening star., 1952-07-31
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Evening star., 1952-07-31

opening the oil industry are
meaningless words. He, knows
that even an economy as stag
nant as that of Iran finally
drains away-and that that
time is drawing close. Already
a captive of a religious ex-
tremist bloc of the Islamic
clergy-whoSe conception of
economic and political life in
the Goth century is COM
pletely unrealistic-he is gam
bling that a popular hysteria
against foreigners, with Ameri-
cans as the new target, will
keep him in power.
There is good chance that
his strategy will work, for the
time being. A starving and
weakened nation cannot sit in
definitely, however. on an oily
sea of great potential wealth
without finding itself inviting
attack. The attacker is waiting
north Of the Caspian. When
and If the assault comes, and
whether by political subversion
from within or military opera
tion from without, it will un-
doubtedly provide DR.. Mossa-
degh with his last opportunity
to faint-but permanently.
Evening star., 1952-07-31

has q Washington background.
It began with the early New
Deal in the Agricultural Adjust
ment Administration and the
problems Of repeal, skipped to
the war years when he was spe-
cial assistant to the Secretary Of
the Navy. and closed in the
postwar era with service in the
United Nations and foreign eco
nomic aid program.
No bureaucrat with that back
ground could escape fairly
wide acquaintance with poll
ticians. The Chicago machine
and the Illinois statehouse also
constitute a graduate course in
politics. Nonetheless such ex-
perience is not quite the same
thing as intensive, up-to-date
knowledge Of the changing po-
litical tides and personalities in
the 48 States.
For example, q Democratic
cliche is that the National
Chairman must be a Catholic
from one Of the big cities vital
to the party's success. It is ar
gued by the city bosses that
this is only fair because a Cath
olic cannot aspire to the presi-
dency or vice presidency and
the Craftsmanship is the next
Evening star., 1952-07-31

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nH-purpose detergent that washes work
clothes as clean and as fresh as new J.
washes cottons and sheets whittier and
brighter than any soap, whether you
rinse or not yet is safe for your
daintiest things. And in your dishpan,
New All-Purpose Breeze gets dishes
cleaner than soap :. makes glassware
Evening star., 1952-07-31
John G HenZ
Near East High Explosive Points
NotionoIsm Is Trying to Clean Up and Strengthen Egypt
While in Iran 1t Is Primarily Search for a Scopeqoot

before. A military clique of
clearly rightist tendencies, the
group now in control is not likely
to allow much freedom of action
to Communist or left-wing polit-
ical movements. Unless the
Wafd Party succeeds in captur-
ing it. this is a leadership that is
likely to draw Egypt closer to
the West.
Iran offers a quite different
picture. It is a country of rela-
lively primitive economy and q
political and social structure
that is hardly above the tribal
stage. It has lived long under
the threat Of Russian aggres-
sion from the north. It has
profited rather comfortably from
exploitation Of its oil resources
by the British.
It is much too late now to
debate again all the issues in
volved in the Anglo-Iranian
controversy. Sufficient blame
may be found on each side.
It is a fact now, however. that
the country has finally fol-
lowed a weeping old man vir-
tually to the brink of its own
destruction. Mossadegh is fully
aware that all his talk about
reforms in government. new
fiscal policies and plans for re-
Evening star., 1952-07-31

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Evening star., 1952-07-31
Johnc. Henry:

Two contrasting manifesto
tions of nationalism are at work
today in Egypt and, Iran, the
high explosive points Of the
Near East.
That in Egypt is a national
ism that is trying to clean up
and strengthen the country and
its government. It shows no
signs at the moment Of being
xenophobic in its origin, its
motivation or its intent. It is
organized and controlled within
a small group. which is care
fully avoiding the Indictment OF
public hysteria.
That in Iran, on the other
hand. is primarily q search for
a scapegoat-a cleverly manip-
ulated exercise in mass emotion,
directed at all foreigners and
their works and calculated to
distract national attention from
the pitiful mess that the coun-
try's leadership has fastened
upon it.
1t is not particularly surpris-
ing that this contrast should be
so.
Egypt is a modern state in
terms Of its economic and po-
1itical structures-even though
there are obvious qualities of
weakness in both. It's leadership
even some Of that which has
been discredited-is sufficiently
sophisticated to realize that the
country can have no recourse
to an idyllic isolation. The men
who have now taken that leader
ship appear to know that Egypt
must play its own role in world
affairs-or face the threat Of
being used in q less desirable
role by some outside power.
Their proclaimed strategy is to
create q stable government,
strengthen the army and seek
public support later, rather than
Evening star., 1952-07-31
More Than q Shift in Personnel
Change From Old Wage Sterilization Board to New Group
Represents Reputation of Trickery Begun New Deal

use the Taft-Hartley Act, he
declined to do so, offering as
an excuse that the union had
waited more than 80 days all
ready.
But this wasn't the main
reason why the union leaders
didn't want the law applied.
They were afraid of something
else which is embodied in the
Taft-Hartley Act--a provision
requiring the workers to vote
on the latest and best offer of
management. Had such a vote
been taken-and it has to be
done by secret ballot-it might
have shown the workers to be
in large part out of sympathy
with their leaders in the steel
union.
So the administration, after
conniving last December with
the steel-union leaders not to-.
impose the Taft-Hartley Acts
provisions, then permitted the
Wage Sterilization Board not
only to grant higher wages
than were, requested but to in
ject the shop requirement
in addition.
The strike settlement re-
vealed a clear defeat for the
union and for the administra-
tion. which supported it. The
union didn't get compulsory
unionization or the rates recon-
mended by the Wage Stabiliza-
ton Board. The industry got it's
price increase. The workers
could have done better without
the strike, and they would not
have lost hundreds of millions
of dollars in payrolls. Maybe
the new Wage Sterilization
Board will stick to the limits of
the law and will not become a
party to the schemes Matched
heretofore, whereby Government
uses its influence for the bene-
fit Of labor-union leaders. Con-
gress will be watching.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1952-07-31
Doris FIeeson:

Senator Estes Kefauver has
sent congratulations and offers
Of cooperation to his victorious
rivals, Gov. Stevenson and Sen
ator Sparkman.
It Is now their move. What it
should be is only one Of the
many management problems to
which the Democratic candi-
dates must address themselves
without delay.
That they owe so little to any
faction or boss almost makes
it harder. Politicians accept
among themselves the slogan
that to the victor belongs the
spoils. Republicans who sup
ported Senator Taft expect that
those who backed Gen. Eisen-
hover will run his campaign
with only such gestures to the
defeated as political realities
dictate.
Gen. Eisenhower was suf1i-
GENTLY enmeshed in O precon-
vention campaign to acquire
some background on G. o. p.
personalities and how they got
on together-or didn't. SPRING
field. H., and its reluctant Gov
ernor were somewhat remote
from the clashing Democratic
clans.
Fortunately Gov. Stevenson
Evening star., 1952-07-31
Thomas L. Stokes:
Thomas [. Stokes:
Old Faces Perp|ex Both Parties
The Nub Of the Republicans Problem Appears to Be How
To Convince Voters They Have Sound Substitute Policy

A change in administration Of
Government after 20 years
seems at present perhaps the
most potent Republican cam
paign argument.
But that, Of itself, poses quite
o problem. It appears to re-
quire q clear. precise and
straightforward answer by Re-
publicans to the question peo-
pie already are asking and
which they will continue to ask
as the campaign develops,
namely:
"A change to what?"
It is obvious from any analy-
sis of our people and their elec-
ton habits of recent years that
they won't 60 for change just
for changes sake, especially in
q time of prosperity. That pros
perity now is shared by all ele-
ments of our society and vari-
Gus measures of Democratic
administrations to distribute
our national income more equi-
tably have had an influence IN
that result. Our people recog-
nize that.
Undoubtedly a factor in mis-
Judgment of the 1948 election
was undue weight attached to.
the presence Of desire for a
change after 16 years. However
much that may have counted at
the outset, Republicans didn't
convince enough voters during
the ensuing campaign that they
had a better program to change
to than that Of the Democrats.
Our voters demand proof. Re
publicans are unable to point to
the most telling proof, which
Is 0CI1O1 k41d1lCOS OA4NN VAACy huNO
been out Of power. ConSe-
uuently, they must offer a sound
substitute for the ills they de-
plore and convince enough
people that they intend to carry
it out. This is really the nub
of the Republican problem that
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower
faces as he maps out his cam
paign these days in his Denver.
Colo, retreat. It will take as
skillful planning as any strategy
he devised Is q military COM
mander.
Nor has his task been light
ened by the caliher Of opposition
Democrats confront him with in
Gov. Adlai Stevenson, an able
and effective campaigner.
AZ for the issue Of change. the
Evening star., 1952-07-31

political history Of the Steven
son family sheds q slightly
different light on its efficiency.
The Democratic candidates
grandfather, also Adlai Steven
son, was Vice President during
one Of the two separated terms
of Grover Cleveland. who was
the only Democratic President
In the long stretch Of So years
from Abraham Lincoln in 1861
to Woodrow Wilson in 1912.
If Democrats retain control of
the Government, that would be
a tenure of "a years. That is
matched by the longest con-
tinued Republican rule which
was from 1861 to 1885 when
Grover Cleveland was elected the
first time. After Grover Cleve-
lands second term there was
unbroken Republican control for
16 years, from 1897 to 1918.
In advancing the "time -for-a-
change" issue, Republican Ma
tional Chairman Arthur Sum-
merfield is conscious of the new
faces in the Steverson-Spark-
man ticket. So he describes
the Democratic candidates as
"hand-picked" by President
Truman and as representing
just continuation of the Tru-
man administration. That he
reiterated in his first press con-
ference here preliminary to
opening national Eisenhower
campaign headquarters in
Washington.
In the same interview he re-
vealed that he has q problem
Of "old faces" as he goes about
his delicate chore of pulling
his party together after the Bit
ter Eisenhower Taft head-on
smash at Chicago.
Immediate emphasis is on
bringing the Taft forces within
the fold and, presumably, on
isolating-at least temporarily
Gov. Thomas E. Dewey of
New York who so provoked
the Taft promoters at Chicago.
The chairman said he expects
Senator Taft to participate ac-
lively in the campaign. Over
lures were made to the Ohio
Senator, who is on vacation in
Murray Bay. Canada, in a letter
to which he has replied.
Chairman Summerheld also
has had a long conference with
Senator Everett Dirksen Of uli-
nois who put Senator Taft in
nomination at Chicago, and
who insulted Gov. Dewey pub
Evening star., 1952-07-31

licly from the platform at
Chicago. Senator Dirksen also
has been invited to Denver for
campaign strategy conferences
with Gen. Eisenhower.
Gov. Dewey is not yet in
cluded. The New York Cover
nor will be called on for coun-
sci, Chairman Summerfield said.
but no plans have been made
for him to speak in the cam
paign. This does not mean,
of course, that Gov. Dewey
may not take q more active
part later. But apparently there
is going to be a "cooling-of
period" in which the 1914 and
1948 candidate will be kept in
the background to make way for
Senator Taft and the old fami;-
lar COP. faces.
A chairman's lot is not an
easy or simple one. But, as Mr..
Summerfield said, Democrats
have their schisms, too. and he
thought they were deeper than
those which it is his job to heal
among Republicans.
Evening star., 1952-07-31
Doris Feeson:
Owe VeryLitt|e to Any Faction
Stevenson and SPokmon Must Take Action Without Delay
On the Many Management Problems in Compoiqn
obIems in Campaign

biggest recognition within the
party's power to bestow.
This argument has been pre-
sented to Gov. Stevenson. Per-
haps more could be learned Of
its validity in 1852 by talking to
Catholics than to the city
bosses. It is still q tradition to
be considered.
There are signs that not all
the Kefauver forces are taking
their licking in good part. They
say their man did not get the
recognition he deserved for his
strong primary showing. They
think he was unfairly treated
by the permanent chairman.
Speaker Rayburn.
The Speaker certainly was
livid with fury over the manner
in which the Kefauver strate-
gists kept demanding that dele
cations be polled. They had
hoped to the end to stop Steven
son.
In politics a little following
can be a dangerous thing. It
led Henry Wallace far, far
astray: it seduced Harold Stas-
sen into following a course
which has whitfield away all his
prestige.
Senator Kefauver is still
young enough for a very bright
future.
Evening star., 1952-07-31

kept out of the "union shop"
controversy and confined itself
to wage issues.
The steel strike was the di-
rect result of the use of Gov
ernment power to play the game
of one side in the dispute. This
sort of intrigue is what under
mines faith in Government
boards. Thus today the new
Wage Sterilization Board is to
be made up of new public
members" who have to be con-
f1rmed by the Senate. Will the
public members" really be dis
interested and neutral, or will
they be drawn from that group
Of college professors who have
always identified themselves
with the labor-union side?
The new statute requires that
there be industry members and
labor members, but the public
members will have the control
ling voice. Most disputes that
come up for decision relate to
wage rates and similar ques-
tions. Congress doesn't want
the new board to NEEDLE in
strictly labor management con-
troversies on non-economic is
sues, and. If these are in
fringed upon once more, it is
certain that further restrictive
action will be forthcoming.
The whole tragic handling of
the steel dispute by Government
furnishes a lesson in what can
happen when prejudice and bias
on the part of Government Of
f1cials lead union leaders to
believe that they can do as
they please and will be sup
ported by the administration.
President Truman seized the in
dustry and went to Congress to
ask authority to settle the dis
pute. He said in a message to
Congress that he would do what
Congress told him to do. But
when Congress requested him to
Evening star., 1952-07-31
Fletcher KnebeI:
Potomac Fever

Adla Stevenson he doesn't resign
to for President Stevnsons tempramentay
fit to be former Governor of Illinois.
The wife Of Air Force colonel black market
operations IN Germany It's always question
women are really more honest than whether they're
just too busy telling each other how marvellous they look
Prime Minister Churchill manufacture build
civilian exports You know defense getting expensive when
the British can't even afford to spend money on It,
President Truman declines jury duty in Missouri Harrys
going to be too busy this all the cities
Stevenson couldn't keep him out Of.
The Air Force captain flying saucer nvesi-
CATION You know this boondogge protector
assigned threestar general to it.
Republican Chairman Summerfeld campaign
actively for Ike. Il be real alout campagn-a the
wanting in
Evening star., 1952-07-31
David Lowrence:

Out goes the old Wage Sta
bilization Board and in comes a
new one. To the public this
may seem like a simple transfer
of personnel from one board to
another Of the same power.
But the change is fundamen-
tai. 1t was ordered by Congress
and represents a distinct repri-
mand and reputation of a piece
of trickery that began under the
New Deal" and has been con-
tinued under the Fair Deal"
It consisted Of a scheme where
by the vaguest phrases Of legis-
lation were utilized to grab adj
ministrative and at times ju-
dicial power.
Congress never gave the old
Wage Sterilization Board au-
thority to mix into labor dis
puteS and hold q gun at the
head Of the disputants. But
that's what the board did in
the steel controversy. and thus
it brought on one of the most
costly strikes in American his
tory.
The latest effort Of the head
Of the Of11ce Of Price Stabiliza-
ton to place the blame on the
steel industry is another one
Of the devices used hereabouts
to confuse the issue. For the
truth is that the price admin
istration's position on prices
never was co-ordinated with
the wage side and nowhere was
there any leadership exercised
such as could have averted the
strike.
Perhaps the most glaring
blunder was when the Wage
Sterilization Board gave the
unions more than they asked
for and deliberately ordered in
dustry to accept the union
shop" This was not at all
necessary in order to perform
the boards functions of "sta-
bilization." It could have easily
, 1952-11-26

Miami offers you delicious late summer warmth plus
cooling sea breezes for an ideal vacation, Enjoy sunny days,
delightful nights, sparkling beaches, sports, entertainment.
only a few short hours away. Fly PAAs swift Clippers. to
Miami; enjoy the restful atmosphere. Connecting aIlines fly
regularly to New York, from where you can fly home again
, 1952-11-26
GEN. BATHURST 3.

reputation in Puerto Rico for
his defense. The case was last
set to come up for trial on Au-
gust s, but was postponed due
to a request made by defense
counsel.
Cumerbatch, has completed
his term in the Army and
wants to return to civilian
life but cannot be discharged
until after the trial.
, 1952-11-26

LATE
Marin,who ordered 4 period Of
mourning throughout the is
land Of Puerto Rico.
DR.. Pinero is well-known in
ST. Croix; he was scheduled to
speak on the AVIS Forum for
Public Enlightenment the ear
" part of next year. He ac-
copied the invitation during
the time he was attending the
Caribbean Conference as a
United States delegate,
His sudden death was a sur
prise to his many friends and
countrymen il st. Croix, resi-
dents of ST. Croix.
, 1952-11-26
FOREIGN :

as a trial. All expenses
ia this connection are paid by
the United Nations Point w
programs.
The Nome nugget., 1952-09-29
THE RUSSIAN BIRTH RATE

Robert C. Cook reports in the Population Bulletin that there has been change in the brthrate in the Soviet Union since the revolution of 1917 when the Communists seized power. The decrease it appears, did not set in, in full, until the 1930s
 It is estimated that the Soviet birthrate in 1887 was 396 per thousand Since that time it has dropped to possibly 27 per thousand And while this drop does not that Soviet population has stopped increasing it does that the rate of increase since 1887 would have been higher had the birth rate continued at the 1887 level
 There are many reasons advanced for the declining birthrate in the Soviet Union One of them of course many were killed in the German invasion Another theory is that collectivized citzenry conducive to higher birth rate Such system, it is said weak ems family ties.
The Nome nugget., 1952-09-29
AIR FORCE CHIEF SAYS CHINESE REDS HAVE MORE PLANES NOW THAN EVER

TOKYO, (P)-The chief of the Far East Air Forces says the Chi nese Communists have more planes now than they have ever had before.
 Gen. O. P. Weyland estimated the Reds have 2,500 planes-in- cluding HOO jet fighters based in China and Manchuria. He said in an interview that this was a slight increase over all previous esti- mates.
 Weyland, said however, that Red air power strength is level ing off.
The Nome nugget., 1952-09-29

Recently the Bureau of Labor Statistics painted us fairly accurate picture of where the average city family spends it's income. According to this govern ment source, the average city family in 1850 made $4350, after personal taxes
 The average American is 30 years old, married, and the father of two children the process of paying off mortgage on his own home He has car, refrigera- or and radio-and by the time this editorial is pub- lshed he has probably bought television set
 Out of the $4 $50 income, $1 300 is spent for food end alcoholic beverages To break down even further only about $65 year is spent alcoholic beverages.
 About $500 year is spent buying renting a house. Buying and other transportation expenses around $500 year. and recreation, reading and education takes $35O.
 Clothing costs $4OO to $55O year, with the women of the family spending 50% than the on wearing apparel An estimated $20O out of the family budget goes for insurance.
 As matter of fact what the statistics really revealed was the fact that the average city family spent $35O more than it had coming in in 1850.
 Now the question that comes to mind is just where did the average American family learn about deficit financing?
The Nome nugget., 1952-09-29
Approval Granted Polar Air Route l.. A. to Europe

LOS ANGELES, (P-Scandin- avian Airlines System Friday an nounced plans for the first Cali fornia to Europe air service over the top of the world via Thule Air Base.
 The U.S., Danish and Canadian governments have granted ap- proval for exploratory flights over the shortcut polar route SAS officials said at a news conference here. The first two such flights are scheduled fer November.
 In New York, meanwhile, Pan American World Airways an nounced it already has the per mission needed to fly the route and is ready to do it any time"
 While not giving a date, Pan American spokesman, reached by telephone, said:
 "When across the pole flying starts, an American flag airline will be represented and that line will be Pan American"
 The Scandinavian Airlines said regular passenger service is ex- pected to begin about April l. The plan calls for three flights a week from Los Angeles to Copen- hagen with stops at San Francisco, Edmonton and Thule, Greenland.
 "The recent completion of the great air base at Thule makes this route entirely safe and prac- ticable," Toge N. Nilert, SAS president said.
 Flying time from Los Angeles to Copenhagen will be cut from a present minimum of 25 hours to perhaps Is or 20 hours. SAS spOkeSmen added. The estimated air mileage will be 5,695 com- pared to the present 6,370 via New York.
 The Arctic Circle service will operate with DC-6B planes, each carrying 72 passengers, at alti- tudes of 10000 to 25,000 feet. Extra cabin heaters will be in- stalled in the planes, but SAS men said polar flight poses no special problem because air temperatures are generally higher than ground temperatures in the Arctic area.