davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-12-16

the public. It was continued as policy by
their successors.
While The Star enjoyed good reputation
for accuracy, the qualities of fairness and objec-
tive reporting were not conspicuous in its early
days. The paper was lusty participant in the
rough and tumble of local politics. It's reports
OF events and men with whom it disagreed
were strongly colored, and its news columns were
filled with expressions of opinion that are now
reserved exclusively for the editorial page.
One finds in the old files the almost
imperceptible growth of a new concept of the
function of news reporting which is becoming
more strongly established every year as dis
tinguiShing characteristic of American Journal
ISM Under that concept, the news of what
happens belongs to the people-in a sense, it is
public property And this being so it is beyond
the just powers of any individual publisher,
editor, reporter or rewrite man-to tamper with
that news by coloring it with bias, diluting 1t
with fancy, or diminishing 1t with suppression.
The newSpapermen who share this concept
which for some decades has been precept for
a growing section Of the American press-believe
that their primary allegiance is to their readers
who are entitled to the uncolored news of what
happened in the political arena or anywhere else.
That concept, in The Stars belief, justifies
the principle of freedom of the press. It's gen.
eral application will do more to preserve that
freedom than any other journalistic achievement
of the past century.
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Koreans Can Still Sinq

Readers of The Star might be inter-
ested in excerpts from letter received
from the former bass soloist of our
church choir, who is a Marine now in
Korea:
"The men here on the base have
built, with their own money. an or
phanage for war orphans and hired a
school teacher and instructors for the
children. The orphanage is supported
completely by donations of the men here
and some donations from the churches
back home.
"One of the biggest problems that I
have here with my choir is the finding
of music. The only music we have is
the hymn book, and they are growing
slightly tired of doing the things in
that. They are really equal to more
difficult things. but finding the music
is job. wonder if you could send me
a catalog from some publisher SO that
can order some sheet music for them.
I would really appreciate it,"
Any music-sacred, secular or other
wise-will be gladly received by me at
the Church of the Pilgrims. Twenty
second and P streets NV.
Ethel Loveless.
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Inteqrution Not the Answer

It is very encouraging to note that an
increasing number of persons are sum-
moning courage to speak up, in your
columns, in defense of segregation. It
is high time they were; for integration
is as dangerous a solution of the racial
problem as the appeasement Of COM
munism has been of the international
crisis. Furthermore, it has been foisted
on the country by the same combination
of self proclaimed liberals" "intellec-
tuals" and political opportunists.
At long last the public has awakened
to the fact that the appeasement Of
communism is trap into which the
people of this country were led by a
few very clever traitors and a much
larger number of educated simpletons.
But the damage has been done; there
is little we can do now to repair it,
It will be the same with the racial prob
lem If the people do not soon awaken
to what integration really means.
This is not to say that the status
quo is satisfactory; and it is not to
deny the debt that is owed to the Ne
groes. It is desired merely to point out
that integration is not the way to pay
that debt and that it is completely
Evening star., 1952-12-16

tween Second and Third streets; Fitz-
gerald's, on the north side between Third
and Four-and-a-Half streets; Mrs.
Sixth and Seventh; Mrs. Harrison's on
the south side between Four-and-a-Half
and Sixth streets, and Hyatt's on the
south side between Sixth and Seventh
streets.
But the hotels along the Avenue
were becoming more popular. It was
a time of building and many of them
were only few years old in 1852. The
National Hotel on the northeast corner
of Sixth street drew a lot of the con-
greSsional trade. There Henry Clay died
in June, 1852. Browns Indian Queen
Hotel. with its f1amboyant Pocahontas
sign and marble front, was just beyond
the northeast corner of Sixth street.
The old st. Charles on the northeast
corner of Third street was a hostelry
much favored by Indian chiefs here
to see the Great White Father. On the
southwest corner of Third street the
two-story frame Mades Hotel was IA
nous for its fried chicken and frogs.
On the northwest corner of the same
street was Gadby's Hotel. the third
operated by the same family.
Wizards Hotel, on the same site as the
latter-day Willard at Fourteenth street,
was favored by incoming Presidents be-
fore they took up residence at the White
House. Some members of Congress made
their home at the Irving at Twelfth
street and the United States Hotel west
of Third street.
Business was brisk along the Avenue.
Next door to the United States Hotel,
Alfred Hunter, publisher of the Wash
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Shaken Up By Buses
]. M. D..

Having lived for 80 years in our family
house on U. S. Highway in New Eng
land and felt the vibrations of trucks
and buses slowing down and shifting
gears to make rightangle turn within
200 feet Of the house. I am completely
in sympathy with Georgetown residents
opposed to the longer and wider buses
as proposed by the Capital Transit Co.
Furthermore, the District Commissioners
are said to have conditioned their ap-
proval of the longer and wider buses
on the transit company assuming the
cost of recessing bus stops and curb
stones along the routes. No evidence
has been shown on 10th street NV. of
any recessing Of the bus stop curbstones.
Although a figure Of 100000 daily
users is cited for the Georgetown bus
lines. this total must be discounted .5086
for round trips and 500 again for trans
fers and riders using these lines wholly
in the area east of Rock Greek Park.
Thus the committing riders cannot total
more than 25,000-30, 900.
Assuming full load full distance for
100000 riders, this would require 1000
trips crossing Wisconsin avenue or a
crossing every 40 seconds. We do not
think buses cross Wisconsin avenue this
frequently. The best deduction is that
longer and wider buses have no place
in Georgetown except for the one or
two rush-hour trips per bus per day.
r. Collier.
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Everybody Knows 1t as The Avenue
By Miriom Ottenberq

TN city of avenues, 1.-THE Avenue"
l. means only one thoroughfare to old
and not-so-old WashingtonianS. For
Pennsylvania avenue, particularly from
the Capitol to the White House, has
witnessed not only the march of the
Nations history but the coming of age
Of the Nations Capital.
Because the history of The Star, the
Avenue and Washington are entwined,
Pennsylvania avenue as it looked when
The Star was founded in 1852 and as
1t looks today occupies the place Of
honor on the cover Of The Stars CEN
tennial anniversary section. a.
Few bricks still stand along the Ave-
nue. from the 1852 period when 1t was
the heart of the city's business and
much of its social life. It's skyline has
changed. its muddy surface has given
way to smooth paving. The gas lights
that burned only on moonless nights
have given way to electricity. The
market sheds and frame hotels on the
south side Of the Avenue have been re-
placed by massive Government build
ingS and stretches of park Streetcars
with underground electric power have
supplanted the horse-drawn omnibuses
that raced each other in fierce COM
petition for customers.
In much of this change The Star
has participated. Its own white building
rose in 1900 as model for the changes
It hoped to see in the Avenues borders.
Beginning in the '90s, The Star cam
paigned to rid the south side of the
Avenue of its unsightly shacks and
houses fallen into decay. From the first
decade of this century, it called for
Federal occupation of the south side.
The Stars war against trolleys with
overhead wires assured that the Ave-
nue. would be forever safe from dis
figuring poles and wires.
When The Star began publishing in
1852. these problems we're still far in the
future. The Avenue was in its heyday,
not only as the ceremonial mile but as
a center Of living and commerce.
Although some Federal officials and
even legislators had begun to build their
own homes, most still lived like tram
Sients Select boarding houses were be-
ginning to give way to hotels and the
Avenue. A number of legislators, how
ever, still preferred the congressional
"meSs," as they called the family life
of the boarding houses.
Mrs. Eliza Peyton catered to congress
sional patrons on the northwest corner
of Four-and-a-Half street. When she
gave up her boarding house few years
later. it was remodeled and occupied
by Fritz Reuters restaurant. a latter
day landmark famous for good German
cooking.
Most of the boarding houses patron
lied by the famous of the SOS were
located between the Capitol and Four
and-a-Half street. There was Brenner's.& q
on the north side of the Avenue between
Third and -Four Half street, where
Chief Justice Roger B. Taney and several
other members of the Supreme Court
were living in 1852. Senator Hannibal
Hamlin of Maine, later to be Lincoln's
Vice President, was living at Mrs SCOTS,
between Third and Four -and-a-Half
streets. Other members of Congress
were in meSSes at Mrs. Beveridge's, on
the south side between Third and Four
and-a-Half streets: Mrs. Esterly's. be-
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Our First Hundred Years
The use of history is to giue ualue to

The use of history is to giue ualue to
the present hour and its duty.-Emerson.
That is the use we have attempted to make
Of the history of The Star in relation to Wash
ington'S growth in the past century That history
is reviewed in the pictorial magazine which forms
part of today's centennial edition. AS we said
in this space and on this day fifty years ago,
1T is gratifying on birthday occasion such
as this for The Star to look back over years of
accomplishment in Capital building"
One source of our own qualification is gen.
uine pride in the part played by The Star in
development of this beautiful city. The resolu-
tion to play that part was expressed in the first
issue of The Star hundred years ago, partial
reproduction of which appears on page B-1 of
today's paper. That resolution has been steady
guide to those who have produced The Star
through the intervening years.
But an even more stimulating source of
qualification, shared by all who love this city,
is confidence in the future of Washington born
of knowledge of it's past. When we look through
the pages of The Stars illustrated supplement
and follow the condensed narrative of WASH
ington's growth over the past century, the theme
that leaves the strongest impression is the
succession of victories over handicaps that were
more appalling, to those who overcame them,
than those we face today.
Our people have learned much In this past
century-more than man ever learned in any
comparable period of history-of the material
iStic processes for improving their surroundings.
The progress that will be written in the next
hundred years of Washington's development as
the American Capital can be roughly forecast by
the distance already travelled in that direction.
But another hundred years hence the physical
development of Washington in this past century
may seem, by comparison, to have been a halting,
tentative step.
And so, we believe, will it be with the things
of the spirit-the attitude of men toward each
other, their ability to live together their concern
with justice and social responsibility For the
record of new concepts in such fields is also
part of the story of Washington's advance toward
maturity as a community. The coming years
will unfold fresh chapters in human relation
ships of which there are only hints to be found
in the preface of the past recorded in our files.
On this day we salute the memory of the
founders of The Star and those who succeeded
them in shaping its character and purpose as a
newspaper. They were men who believed their
opportunity in Washington carried with it
public obligation, to the extent that opportunity
and obligation are inseparable. That belief has
been fundamental in The Stars first hundred
years in Washington and remains unchanged
by time.
Evening star., 1952-12-16
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

aaes -
Washington VIII be what it has been.
what men shall make it.
If you bring devotion to the task, and
have courage despite failures; if you look
honestly, and 60 on to do your best:
If you worship in decency and truth,
Then this, your beloved city, will so
shine its light into the dark caverns Of
the earth that men will look and dream,
and will arise to sing new hymn:
God OF oil colors, black to ,Dhite,
Maker of daytime and the night,
Teach me to knoW each glorious tone
As Enthusiastically mine otDn.
IT / shall stoop to pallid dross,
II blindly forget Thy cross,
God of all colors, help Thou me
The rainbow in each heart to see.
Sho1D me Thy dream OF life complete.
Halt Thou my stubborn. strdying feet:
God OF all colors, make me see
That there Is none but mirrors Thee.
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Tribute

To hare serued a nation for 100 gears.
To haze Doiced its aspirations, hopes and
fears,
Is cause for pride. Today we celebrate
The birthday OF The Star. ,ohose bright
estate
OF euer-toideniug influence deriues
From, the depoted toll of many Hues.
We honor those iphose piston In the past
Shaped its high purposes. assayed the
DGSt,
Conflicting tales and kept, tolten run,ors
stDirled,
A finger on the pulse-beGt of the Uorld.
We honor those tuIto daily carry on
The high tradition OF the ones long
gone
The artists, writers. printers-day and
night
Fervently working to,oard the goal In
sight:
We thank the lad Uho comes through
storm and hail
To lay upon the doorstep Without fail
The published Star 1Dhose printed tcords
conUey
The Uorld's significant events each day.
And as the years 1dDance, stiu may Il be
Bearer OF truth for many century.
Inez BoreIoy Kirby
Evening star., 1952-12-16
A CentuY's Story

The Spirit of The Star speaks to
the Muse OF History:
am Newspaper, and I wear the
title proudly, but am more than that:
at time such as this, feel that am
a sentinel at the crossroads Of the world.
crying. Halt! Who goes there? Friend
or foe of the Nations Capital?"
I was here before Abraham Lincoln
came to the White House. heard the
tread Of his feet, told the news of Bull
Run, and the flaming years to Gettys-
burg, and the terrible sad martyrdom
and beyond. for was here. saw it all,
I reported it.
told the news.
pictured Dewey's fleet. labor's march.
sciences advance; made myself part
of city and Nation. told the news.
My hopes new with Lindbergh.
brought the news Of two World Wars,
as part Of my hundred years; for all
those years, my printers have set type.
Evening star., 1952-12-16

my giant presses roared, as I brought
the news.
have come on the feet Of your sons
to your doors; have entered into the
life blood of our times.
From muddy streets to great high
ways. have helped my city grow, from
horse and carriage to automobile and
plane, from musket to atom bomb. /
have printed the news.
It has been great time.
Now stand at the door of a new age,
and like Moses Of old look two ways,
to mad destruction, or to divine peace,
and ! make this pledge:
II it is to be destruction. I will be
there. ! will report it.
But II. in Gods providence. 1t is to
be glorious peace for all men Of all
nations. in triumph I will bring these
tidings Of great JOY.
s
The Muse of History speaks to the
Spirit OF The Star:
Evening star., 1952-12-16
A Century of journalism

The recent political campaign, as most
political campaigns do, inspired criticism OF the
newspaper press. Some of the criticism was
pointless For it was expressed by critics whose
own bias rendered them incompetent to recog-
nize, much less judge, absence of bias in what
they read. Some of the criticism was sound.
Too many newspapers permitted their strong
political convictions to color their news reporting
and distort their editorial expressions of opinion.
But the noteworthy quality about the news
papers in the past campaign was not that some
of them were unfair. It was that so many of
them were striving honestly to be strictly fair
in their news reporting and balanced in their
editorial comment. It is reasonable to believe
that the press as a whole was more fair and
objective in its handling of the past campaign
than ever before. I
For that is the trend in American journal
ism today 1t is a relatively new trend. Many
If not most American newspapers were founded
as the organs of political parties. Partisanship
was inherent They thought of themselves then,
and many still do, as champions of a cause, with
the end justifyng any means they might choose
to advance it. Such an acceptance Of purpose
does not change overnight and it's vestiges will
remain for many years to come.
But the important thing is the gradual
adoption in American journalism of a new
concept of responsibility in news reporting and
editorial comment. The review of Star files
during our centennial year has produced an
interesting case history, so to speak, Of the
evolution that has taken place in that concept
of the journalistic function. In discussing it
here, we speak of The Star as merely one of
many American newspapers which have ex-
perienced this evolution in the past century.
More than hundred newspapers had been
founded and had passed out of existence in
Washington when Captain Joseph Borrows Tate
founded The Star in 1882 producing his first
little paper century ago today. Many of these
journals withered on the vine when the political
theories which brought them into being lost
public support. OF the four papers which rep
resented the infant Stars original competition
long since gone-two were political organs and
two were more preoccupied with publishing high
brow essays than with printing the news.
Captain Tate's aim was newspaper which
would print the news-especially the news about
Washington-and would be free of any political
Affiliations whatever. Under the proprietorship
of William Wallach, who bought The Star from
Tate within year of its founding, and under
the ownership and management of the paper by
Crosby s. Noyes Samuel H. Kaufman, George
W. Adams and their associates who purchased it
from Wallach in 1857, that idea was developed
In practice and it found ready acceptance with
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Wrong Number
Pilgrim.

What's happened to your telephone
since December 6? Is it extra active
or extra inactive? Ours is extra, extra
active! We now have the same number
as hospital, the same all except the first
new digit the phone company put onto
us to try our 10. Several people, mostly
Notwithstanding men, start right out
with such statements as "Let me have
the maternity ward or, Can ! talk
to the nurse that knows about my wife?
My name is JONES'"
What would you say If at am.
you picked up your bedside phone and
heard: II want to talk to the entering
Office to see what, time can bring my
husband in" The young lady sounded
so sure and at the same time so plaintive
that although was sleepy and cross.
I cooled off long enough to say some
thing like. mo young lady. this isn't the
hospital, so you can't bring him here;
this is private home; look in the new
book again and dial the right number"
At her answer. I had to hang up in.
hurry, before did "fly off the handle"
C. A. r.
Evening star., 1952-12-16

ington City Directory. advertised he
could provide fine French engravings
and all the cheap publications. Mrs.
Garrett Anderson, bookseller on the
Avenue west of Eleventh street, also
carried piano fortes. bass viols and per-
fumery. Joseph Shillington, with his
bookstore at ur-and-a-Haf street,
kept The Stars editor supplied with
best-sellers and rated frequent notices
in the mixture of news and advertising
of that day.
Along the Avenue were banks and
blacksmiths, auction houses and daguer-
reotype studios. confectioners and car
riagemakers. But the biggest business
of all was done at Center Market, the
sprawling confusion of sheds and shacks
on the south side of the Avenue from
Seventh to Ninth streets. The business
had long outgrown the low frame struc-
ture with its moss-covered roof where
the market was once contained. On
market days farm wagons filled the
broad expanse of the Avenue as far
north as Eleventh street.
In those days. the municipal guard
house or police station was in the midst
of the market area, and so was the
Perseverance Fire Engine House, de-
stroyed by fire few years later.
Most of the concert halls and meet
ing places and theaters were also on
the Avenue or few steps away. So were
the high-toned gambling establishments
like the Rockendorff House on the north
side between Four -and-a-Half and Sixth
streets. Along the Avenue, society prom
enaded.
It was the heart of the city-just
as L'Enfant intended.
Evening star., 1952-12-16
By THE HASKIN SERVICE.

@. Did Washington have a city de
rectory a hundred years ago?-K. r.
A. Yes, one was published as early
as 1922. The directory of that day was
a repository of miscellaneous informa-
ton and advice to visitors. It showed
that on the District payroll there were.
besides the usual officials. hay weighers,
wood corders, chimney sweeps. and
managers of the city's lotteries" The
name of President Monroe was listed
among the MS; his address-the Presi-
dents house. ..-lsfry
- r
@. Do the words centennial and CEN
tenary both mean Tooth anniversary?
L. w. aae .<~5
A. They do. Centenary is the usual
British form, but centennial is chiefly
used in America, especially since the
famous Philadelphia Centennial Exposi-
tion of 1876. In that year. a newspaper
correspondent wrotes y.Anderica has been
of late very centennial n1fnded-that is
the word now 1n' lise' Since the great cele-
bration or this year"
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Dismissed Professor.

I have been amazed at the high
handed manner used by Howard Uni
versity in summarily dismissing Prof.
Edward L. Jackson. What's happening
up at this venerable institution? Doesn't
President johnson know that in a de-
mocracy. the accused-even for murder
lis granted a trial before jury of
his peers?
Perhaps the new Congress will look
into the goings-on at Howard and purge
that institution from top to bottom so
that conscientious teachers will not have
to live in daily fear of their jobs.
E. l.. williams.
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Nation of Open Bibles

Nation Of Open Bibles
In his fine and moving message.
"If-Then' in Spires of the Spirit in
The Sunday Star. December Z. Chap
lain Frederick Brown Harris Of the Sen
ate has stated the easiest and simplest
terms on which God can bless this or
any other nation. .
The only question is, "Is It Too Late?"
AS long ago as 1917, when devout
man was praying that the Nation should
be spared the horrors Of war, he was
shocked by the intruding on his con-
sciousness of the question, "Why should
this Nation be spared?"
We know that the Nation entered
that war. And if the. Nation of that
time could not be spared the horrors
of war because of its sins how much
less is it likely to be spared in these
days of sin and corruption in high
and low places?
There is but one hope. While the
Nation has sinned it is also true that
this is a country Of open Bibles and
freedom of worship. Among its millions
are Christians who can be real inter-
cessors-intercessors in the conflict be-
tween God and righteousness as per-
Sonified by the free nations and the
hosts of Darkness and Belial under the
goddess banner of Communism.
Pilgrim.
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Letters to The Star

false solution Of the racial problem. It
Is a solution which is being promoted
by appeals to prejudice and emotions.
and which would be rejected by both
Negroes and whites if its significance
and its consequences were honestly ex-
planned.
M n
Evening star., 1952-12-16
Questions and Answers

The Stars readers can get the answer %
any question Of fact by either writine The
NV. Washington 3. D. c. and incosing 3 cents
return postage or BY telephoning ST 1858.
Evening star., 1952-12-16

Pen-nan1es may be used II letters carry
DriterS' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.