davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-05-27

them will come no such appeal
to his better nature as that
voiced by the Texas g. o. p.
angel, Gilman Roy Cullen.
Democrats, Of course. enjoy
the Taft approach and will rub
it In If and when they must
campaign against him. The
more rebuffs the Eisenhower
people get from the Old Guard.
the better the Democrats like
it.
It is a cry that has of course
been raised in their own party.
The late Senator Carter Glass
used to complain bitterly that
the New Dealers weren't Demo-
Gratis all all, that he and people
like him were the perfect model
Of that great party. Actually,
however. the Democrats held
open house-too open in the
case Of Communists for q time
and the policy paid of in five
elections.
From the sidelines it would
appear that a political party be-
longs, like a country, to the
people that inhabit it. Ikemen,
too. rub in the fact that regis
tered Democrats substantially
outnumber registered Republic
cans and that the appeal must
be to the many Independents.
Senator Taft's answer is that
Republicans haven't been vot-
ing because disguised with me-
too candidates. He appears
calmly certain that he will bring
to the polls uncounted numbers
Of erstwhile silent voters. Some
people agree who think they will
not all vote for Senator Taft.
A few suggest that the Taft ST.
lent voters are in those we'll
Evening star., 1952-05-27

France is still afraid of Ger
man aggression. Britain is still
timid about getting too closely
tied up, from the standpoint Of
sovereignty and relations with
her dominionS. to anything like
a supergovernment which some
people like to enviSage a United
States of Europe as setting up
some day. The United States.
on the other hand, doesn't want
to keep American troops in Eu-
rope indefinitely and sees in
the European defense army a
substitute for its present partic-
ipation in the NATO military
organization, headed until now
by Gen. Eisenhower. But it
does look as If the presence Of
American and British troops on
the European continent will be
required for long time to come.
If only as moral support.
There is here a healthy appre-
citation of what America is do
ing. though one can find plenty
Of uniformed people who are as
anti-foreign as Americans them
selves sometimes are. The
thoughtful people here sigh over
the dilemma. but they recognize
that nationalism has its advan-
tages and disadvantages. They
see also that a new internation-
alism Is the necessity Of long
range policy and that. whether
it develops into q federation"
or "superstate" or alliance"
the exact formula is far away.
Meanwhile the big drive is to
keep alive the hope Of European
solidarity as the only way to
build an industrial community
capable Of supplying its own
arms and raising its own armies.
It has seemed a formula i'm
possible of fulflllment, but two
years ago any steps at all to
rearm Germany seemed "impos-
sible," just as IL years ago the
thought of America entering In
peacetime any military alliance
with Europe was deemed "im-
possible" But necessity Is still
the mother of invention in world
affairs.
Reproduction Rights Reservel.)
Evening star., 1952-05-27
L0v7eH zNeUetI
Kefouver Yields to |npotience
Offers Simple Solution of Exosperoting Korean
Situotion-Some thoughts Concerning Crowds

Of people want to hear is a
simple solution of the situation
in Korea.
That could account for some
Of the highly debatable pro-
posals offered by Senator Taft,
proposals one cannot conceive
of his offering if he were the
responsible head Of the Ameri-
can Government.
And it could account for the
proposal offered to an audience
in Albuquerque by Estes Keafu-
yer on Sunday. He suggested:
/. The U. INSET the terms Of IAN
honorable" solution and offer 1t
to the Communists. 2. Set a
time limit for the Communists
to accept the proposal. 8. If
the proposal is not accepted
within the given time. pursue
the action to a conclusion by
whatever means necessary
across the Yalu River into Man
churia If warranted.
This may have satisfied his
listeners at the moment. But
some Of Kefauver's many adj
mirers would have been more
favorably impressed II he had
not yielded to his own-or his
audiences impatience. Asked
the same question a few weeks
ago by the U. S. News and
World Report, Gov. Adlai Ste
venson said:
II hope that public opinion
will continue to maintain
the resolute patience and wis
dom about the Korean problem
which it has exhibited in the
main thus far. The prolonged
truce negotiations and
the stallihg and double-dealing
which have characterized the
Communist participation in
them, surely is one Of the most
exasperating experiences to
which the American public ever
has been subjected.
"It Is always necessary to keep
Evening star., 1952-05-27
Spirit Of Solidarity Now Counts
Hope for European Peace Takes Renewed Inspiration
From Documents Signed by Allies and West Gernnons

Britain will be members Of this
community. but both will be
closely connected with it
through a series Of protocols
and guarantees growing out of
the North Atlantic Treaty Or
ganization. usually called
NATO.
The European Defense Com
munity will have a European
army composed Of forces Of six
nations-France. West Ger
many. Belgium. Luxembourg.
Holland, Italy. This. of course.
means rearmament of Ger
many, and that naturally has
caused apprehension among
some Of the opposition political
groups in both France and Brit
ain. It became necessary for
the United States Government.
acting through Secretary Of
State Acheson, to provide the
moral support which is expected
now to overcome such obstacles.
The French wanted a guarantee
that, If Germany ever withdrew
or seeded from the European
Defense Community, the United
States and Britain would re-
examine the situation and come
to the aid Of the remaining
members. The new language
doesn't specify the possible
withdrawal of Germany but Of
any member. This, temporarily
at least, has satisfied French
sentiment.
It is curious to note that pre-
ciSely the same question came
up SO years ago when this cor
respondent was in Paris obServ-
ing the peace negotiations which
ended World War I. Then, too,
France insisted on a guarantee
from President Wilson that the
territorial integrity of France
be protected by both the United
States and Great Britain. Mr..
Wilson transmitted to the Sen
ate the treaty he signed. but it
was never ratified. The new
pledge given by Mr.. Acheson
will have to be sanctioned by
the American Senate, as it Is
in the nature of a treaty obliga-
ton.
Evening star., 1952-05-27

What Of the Bonn Agreement?
Senators Will Insist on Whole Story Of Commitments Made
By Acheson to French to Satisfy Security Demands

political developments insofar as
the U. S. s. r. is concerned?
Does it mean that in the
event Germany pulls out Of
the coalition. after it has Or
ganized its IL divisions, the
United States will be compelled
to send their equivalent to Eu-
rope to strengthen the defenses
across the Rhine? And what
will be the position Of the Amer
ican troops now stationed in
Germany, which after the rati-
flcation Of the peace contract
would remain as guests Of the
Bonn government instead Of an
army Of occupation? Does this
new commitment. accepted in
a hurry last Saturday. after the
French had thrown q political
bomb on the eve of the signing
Of the pact. mean more than
meets the eye?
What about the other mat
ters raised by the Paris gov
ernment which had nothing
to do with the peace contract
or with the newly created
European Defense Community?
Have we pledged ourselves to
accept French policy on Tu-
nisia and Morocco? Have We
agreed to support the French
forces, now fighting in Indo-
China. with more than military
supplies?
All these questions will under.
60 a thorough search by Demo.
cratic and Republican Senators
who feel that this country Is
now overburdened with foreign
commitments and could not
stand further obligations agreed
to secretly and In haste.
Evening star., 1952-05-27

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Evening star., 1952-05-27

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Evening star., 1952-05-27
Doris FIeeson:

Many of Senator Robert A.
Taft's hackers. who began by
saying that they would rather
lose with Taft. have been in
famed by their near approach
to victory into taking the incau-
tious position that newcomers to
their party are "interlopers."
The trouble, of course. is that
the converts appear mostly to
be for Gen. Eisenhower. and
certainly they are in the South
ern States where the bitter dele
gate contests are under way.
Few Taftmen admit to per-
ceiving any humor or even i'm
practically in their cry that
these q. o. P. converts are plain
robbers. Henry Zweifel, the Taft
chairman in Texas, now goes
further. To him they are near
revolutioniStS who mean to enQ
the two-party system and estab-
liSh q military state.
Not all the Taft managers are
as devoid of perspective. but be-
ginning last January at the Re-
publican National Committee
meeting in San Francisco,
David s. ingalls, set up the cry
that there is one true G. O. p.
church and Taft is its prophet.
Presumably 1t Is all right for
others to vote for him in the
election but their right to be
heard in the selection Of a Re-
publican nominee is stubbornly
and sincerely resisted.
Senator Taft shares this con-
viction. The Eisenhower man
ayers know it and they expect
no mercy at his hands In the
convention maneuverS; from
Evening star., 1952-05-27
David LoWrence:

PARIS, May 27.-The hopes
of Europe and Of the world for
peace take on renewed inspira-
tion in the many documents be-
ing signed this week between the
governments of the United
States. France, Great Britain
and West Germany.
It is not what is written in
the technical phrases nor what
Is promised in the pledges to
deal with this or that con-
tingency which matters. It is
the spirit of continued solidar-
ity which counts, as it prevails
in the face Of serious obstacles
and road blocks thrown up by
an annoyed and irritated Rus
Sia from the outside and by q
suspicious and nationalistic SEN
timent from the inside of the
Signatory countries.
While the So-called peace
contract" and the establish
ment of the European Defense
Committee agreement may be
confusing to American readers,
paradoxical as it may seem, it is
by this very confusion that some
of the difficult political obstacles
inside certain countries have
been overcome.
Briefly. the peace contract"
ends the occupation of West
Germany and sets up a new re-
lationship between the occupy
ing powers and the West Ger
man government-which calls
itself the Federal Republic but
which has had to insist on
freedom of action in the event
an alderman government, in
cluding Communist-controlled
East Germany. is some day
formed. This peace contract"
pledges the West German gov
ernment to do various things
that grew out Of the occupation,
and, Of course, Great Britain
and the United States have a
definite interest in this.
The second step. which Is
taken coincidentally. provides
for the creation of a European
Defense Community with q Eu-
ropean defense army. Neither
the United States nor Great
Evening star., 1952-05-27
Converts Chiefly for Eisenhower
Taft Bockers Inoed by Near Approach to Victory, oking
ncoutious Position Thot Party Newcomers Are lnerlopers

stocked clubs derided by both
r. r. and F. D. r.
This spirit. however, animates
the damn-the-c consequences de-
termination with which Taft
managers are exercising their
absolute power in every State
in which they control the party
machinery. including Texas.
Apropos Texas. q curious
member Of the national COM
mittee has been exploring the
rule book and has found In it a
section he thinks will bear
heavily on the Texas struggle.
It is Section B. Rule 4, which
states:
"All contests arising in any
State electing district delegates
by district conventions shall be
decided by its State convention;
or If the State convention shall
not meet prior to the national
convention. then by its State
committee; and only contests
affecting delegates at large
shall be presented to the ma
tional convention"
Thus in Texas the only ques-
ton, according to the rules.
that can 60 to the convention
is that of the six delegates at
large. Ike could get six at best:
Taft would get the other 80,
possibly decisive, to have and
to hold.
No rule is the last word at q
national convention, but Taft
men. control the approaching
one. And few who have OBJ
served his mental processes
doubt that he will be implacable
If he can find reasons in a book
or in precedents established by
his father, which he can.
Evening star., 1952-05-27
Lowell MeNett::

There is . good deal to be
said for the sort Of house-to-
house campaigning that Sen
ators Taft and Kefauver are
engaged in as they contend for
the presidential nominations of
their respective parties. It en-
ables thousands Of voters who
never would meet them other
wise to shake their hands, look
them in the eye, size them up
and pass on their impressions
to their less fortunate neigh
bors. AS a practical matter it
usually pays of, even in the
case Of a candidate not notable
for his personal charm. The
people of the community take
the call as a compliment, q
recognition of their Importance.
They see 1t also as q demonstra-
tion of courage. a willingness
to stand up to the shrewd in
spection Of the plain people.
However. there Is an element
Of danger in this type Of cam
paigning. danger for everybody
concerned. IF the candidate is q
persuasive demagogue there is
the danger of what he may do to
his listeners. If the candidate
is an honest man there is the
danger Of what his listeners may
do to him. In times Of emotional
stress the latter may be the
greater danger to the country.
It can lead q man to commit
himself to policies or courses Of
action which he knows In his
heart to be unwise.
Campaign speakers always
seek to win the crowd. It is
the response Of the9crowd that
keeps them campaigning. With
out applause the urge to curl up
and quit would be overwhelm-
ing. And applause Is obtained
most readily by telling the peo-
pie what they seem to want to
hear.
Just now what vast numbers
Evening star., 1952-05-27

Chairman Connally from the
Senate floor.
In order to satisfy the "secur-
ity demands" of the French cab
met, Mr.. Acheson agreed that
means will be provided, in the
assumption of the new response
bilities of NATO toward the
West German republic, to pre-
vent Germany from breaking
away from the Western coalition
after it has organized its new
military force Of some 400. 900
men.
The Senators who have learned
during the last 10 years to diff
ferentiate between official state
ment and what is actually being
done in secret at these diplo-
matte meetings will want to
know what commitments this
country made at Bonn to satisfy
our French ally. The reported
penalties in the case of a Ger
man double cross, such as with
drawal of all military and eco
nomic assistance and continued
keeping of American troops in
Europe for las long as neces-
sary." have caused lifting of
eyebrows among Senators of
both parties. They argue that
if Germany feels strong enough
to break away from the Western
coalition. economic penalties
will be ce little avail.
The question of keeping
American troops in Europe is
likely to be probed thoroughly.
The Senate will want to know
the exact significance of that
brief sentence. Does it mean
that we have pledged ourselves
to keep our forces in Europe for
an Indefinite time reCardlesS 0f
Evening star., 1952-05-27

clear, however. what our objec-
tives are in the Korean inter-
vention and not to be stampeded
into q new set Of objectives
which might well mean heavier
involvement in war in the Far
East. I think the Communist
tactics have been designed to
bring about just such a shift.
Fortunately. we have not fallen
as yet into that trap and I hope
and pray that we never will"
Evening star., 1952-05-28
Jacob Woods S Widow Sues
For S1,24O,2O1 Estate
By the Assoeio,ed Pres,

LOS ANGELES. May 2s.-Mrs
Anna N. Wood. At. New York
teacher. sued yesterday to obtain
nearly all the $1.240, POI estate OF
her husband. Jacob Wood, who
was a brother of the late Mai
Gen. Leonard Wood, World War
hero and political figure in the
192OS.
Jacob Wood, a wealthy wool
merchant, oil man and real estate
developer. died June 18, 1851, at
the age Of 86, leaving a will that
disinherited Mrs. Wood, his third
wife.
In her suit filed In Superior
Court Mrs. Wood stated she gave
up her chances to marry a
younger man and establish a
home with children to become the
wife Of Mr.. Wood in 1899.
She said that less than six
weeks after they were married she
was induced to sign an agreement
waving all rights to inheritance
from her husbands estate. Mrs.
Wood added that she signed the
agreement without fully under
standing it and while she had
complete trust In her husband.
Evening star., 1952-05-28

been cut in half by House action,
but this may be restored when
the bill reaches the Senate.
Representative Mack, Republi-
can, of Washington, sought to
eliminate the entire So million
which the bill would have author
lied for the Rama project. In
stead, the House settled for an
amendment cutting the allotment
SO per cent.
Except for the Rama funds and
$l6 million to be spent over a two
year period for further work on
the inter-American highway link
ing the United States with Central
America, all the money provided
in the bill Is for domestic work.
All Is subject to actual appropria-
.tions later.
Evening star., 1952-05-28
Truman Denounces
Germ War CHARGES

President Truman today de-
nounced Communist charges that
the Allies have used germ warfare
in Korea as "lies that have nc
foundation in fact"
The President made this dec
laration in an informal talk to q
delegation from the American
Action Committee Against Mass
Deportations in Roumania.
The committee told the PreSi-
dent that Soviet agents are "now
engaged in wholesale deporta.
tions carried out in the most
brutal matter all over the coun-
try" His visitors said that in
Bucharest alone 200, 900 victims
are due to be expelled from their
homes.
Deportation and KIDNAPPING of
children in areas controlled by
Russia "is one of the most out
rageous things that has ever
happened in the history of the
world" Mr.. Truman said, adding 4:
Don't you think that eventual
ly they are not going to have to
pay for it."
Evening star., 1952-05-28
Big 3 Submit
Own Plan to

BY The Assoeioted Press

UNITED NATIONS. N. Y, May
|8.-The Western Big Three pow
|ers have agreed upon a proposal
to set ceiling of liz million men
each for the armed forces of the
Soviet Union. the United States
and China-provided that all
three and the United Nations
concur.
This proposal is scheduled to
be presented late today to the
u. N. Disarmament Commission.
1t is the Vests answer to Russia s
demand for fiat one-third re-
duction OF all armed forces of the
big powers.
The paper makes It clear that
the ceiling viii not become effec-
tive until and unless it Is agreed
upon by the powers concerned and
by the United Nations. It also
calls for strict safeguards to see
that no one violates the limits.
Evening star., 1952-05-28
BY The Associoied Press

BERLIN. May 28.-Communist
East ermany frightened its
squeeze on blockade threatened
Berlin another notch today.
Orders went out to Red police to
shoot to kill any one caught with
out a, proper pass in the Iron
Curtains new Smile no-man's
land along the West German
border.
The shooting order was the
latest in a series of revenge moves
against the Bonn Government 8
alliance with the West. It all but
sealed OF the Communist-girt
former capital, which trembled in
fear Of a resumption of the l948-
40 siege.
The Russians continued their
ban on Allied military patrols
travelling the 110-mile Berlin
Helmstedt autobahn, sole highway
link between the isolated city and
the West.
Civilian Traffic Continues.
Regular civilian traffic continued
to flow normally, but a new for
'mula for transit visas adopted by
the Reds yesterday could choke off
traffic between West Berlin and
the Bonn Republic at any time.
The Russians also let a. jeep-
Evening star., 1952-05-28
Shoot-to-KM Order Tiightens
Reds Squeeze on West Berlin
Cvilon Traffic Between Zones Continues,
With Drivers at Mercy Of Communist Police

escorted three-truck United States
Army convoy use the highway and
an American officer said: "Ap-
parently they don't mind through
travel but for some reason object
to our patrols going up and down
their road"
In Paris the Big Three Western
powers said they would regard ag-
gressi0n against Berlin as q threat
to their own security.
The new visa formula tears up
an agreement between the West
|ern powers and Russia which had
allowed West Berlin and West
German authorities to issue inter-
zonal passes for transit travel
Through the Russian zone in
either direction.
Drivers ut Mercy Of Reds.
The move had the following
significance:
/. Every truck driver. railroad
employe or canal barge operator
travelling through the area is at
East Germany's mercy.
2. The a. million West Ber-
liners can be virtually cut off from
travel into or through the sur
rounding Soviet zone. ~
Yesterday the Red German re-
gime cut all telephone service
between Berlin and the Russian
sector. and some long distance
lines to the West.
The visa formula requires all
Germans to get an East German
permit before stepping on the
Russian zone soil which covers
the 100 miles between Berlin and
the West. Commenting on the
latest Red moves. a senior Allied
official said:
'They have now arranged
things so that we have the alter
native Of slowly watching West
Berlin wither away, put the entire
place on the dole or start up an
airlift Gas was done in 1948-49)
# they claim the skies above their
heads, too, that's it,"