davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-11-18
Mrs. Piez Leaves
S2,15S,5OO Estate

Mrs. Laura S. Piez, widow Of
Charles Piez. Chicago manufac-
turing executive. left an estate
estimated at $2,158,500, according
to a petition for probate of her
will.
Mrs. Piez died here on November
l at her home in the. Shoreham
Hotel. The petition for probate
.of her will was filed yesterday in
the Register of Wills Office in the
U. S. District Court for the Dis
trict of Columbia.
Under terms of the will, income
from a greater part of the estate
in trust will be shared by her
sister, Mrs. Margaret S. Nc
Ceney: two nephews, G.. Bowie
McCeney and Dr. Robert S. Nc
Ceney, all of Laurel. Md, and q
niece. Mrs. Catherine M. Kotrla,
of Seattle, Wash.
Mrs. Piez also made special be-
quest of $4,000 to her nephew,
G. Bowie McCeney. Among others
to benefit is another sister, Miss
Mary A. Sadler, of the Kennedy
Warren Apartments, who is to re-
ceive $400 a month from a trust
fund.
Her brother. Robert H. Sadler.
jr., and third sister, Mrs. Emma
S. Guess, both of Laurel, also are
to receive incomes from the
estate
Various other relatives are to
share in the estate after the
deaths of those benefitting from
trust funds.
Mrs. Piez was the former Miss
Laura Sadler, of Laurel, and was
a member of an old Maryland
family. Her husband, Mr.. Piez,
was president and chairman Of
the board of the Chicago Link
Belt Co.. construction machinery
manufacturing firm. The couple
moved to Washington upon his
retirement about 1880. He died
in 1888.
Evening star., 1952-11-18
First Non-Smear
Inde|ib|e Lipstick In
IS Genius Co|ors

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Is that asking too much? Can you
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Won't Smear OF, Won't Dry
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If you've tried ordinary mo.
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Well, "Indelible- Creme" is a far
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And because it's blended with
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Wouldn't it be foolish to let
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At fine cosmetic counters and
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Evening star., 1952-11-18

other group has contributed
$35, 900 to build and endow a
orphanage in Japan"
Former Deputy Chief of Army
Chaplains George Rixey reported
that the national Military Chap
lains' Association has received
$4,000 for the purchase and fur
Inishing of its headquarters build
ing at 1701 Sixteenth street NV.
The Rev. Robert j. Plumb,
rector of st. Marks Episcopal
Church, president of the local
group, presided.
Evening star., 1952-11-18

Army Chief of Chaplains Ivan
l.. Bennett says the American
serviceman has behaved well
overseas
He addressed the Washington
Chapter of Military Chaplains'
Association yesterday at Fort Nc
Nair.
"The seamy side has been
painted, but if you are looking
for that you can find it in Wash
ington, too," Chaplain Bennett
Evening star., 1952-11-18

men in 1000 was the rate. At a
recent brieflng session, the
venereal disease rate has been Sc.
at rs men in a thousand, which
lis lower than that for a city or
town of any appreciable size"
Chaplain Bennett praised the
compassion the servicemen have
shown for the needy and suffer-
ing people overseas.
"One Army corps has started a
fund, which has now reached
$64, 900, to take care of child am
Iputees in Korea" he said. can
Evening star., 1952-11-18

said. "On the whole. our men
have behaved well.
IF you go into one Of the head
quarters where things seem to be
worse than anywhere else, an ex-
animation of facts shows the sit
uation over there is not as bad as
it is at home"
The chaplain pointed out that
one statement asserted "65 pei
cent of the men return from
Japan with venereal disease"
LAS a matter of fact" he said
"the last report showed that 81
Evening star., 1952-07-13

executive power. not the premier as
in France. If the National Assembly
were to exercise its power Of ousting
the Presidents cabinet appointees. a
man Of Rhee's resourcefulness prob
ably would be inconvenienced only to
the extent Of taking over the portfolio
himself.
AssembIy's Power Wones
Thus the sum of the enlarged
National Assembly's powers has been
diminished by the new constitutional
amendment. The legislature has
traded its power to elect very strong
President for the power to remove or
refuse to confirm a comparatively
weak prime minister and cabinet.
Neither the United States nor the
United Nations is planning any post
mortem on the compromise" agree
ment.
President Rhee is already going
about preparation for the national
election. He will be under the watch
full eyes of the United Nations COM
mission and American, British and
French observers. If the election
should bring out new. f1agrant VIOLA
tions Of the democratic process. Of
course. the U. N. would once more be
hard put to justify its defense Of
Korea.
Unless developments are so un-i
savory that they threaten our pros
ecution Of the war against the
Communists. however. neither the
United States nor the United Nations
is likely to do much but talk about
improving the situation. For two
reasons, the U. N. forces need
reasonably stable administration at
their backs:
They must keep the Korean army
fighting Communists. not each other.
They must avoid draining their
own strength to keep order in the
rear.
That is why President Rhee. so
long as he keeps the home-front
situation stabilized. stands to get by
with a much more anemic application
Of the democratic process than might
be possible under normal conditions.
Evening star., 1952-07-13

ton for granted" he comedies. But
am going to the people principally
because I believe I owe them an ac-
counting of my stewardship In the
Senate"
II have held this office for 10
years. Under my original appoint
ment, I served year. In 1894 and in
1910 I was elected to full terms with
out opposition. Only in 1916 and 1852
have I been opposed. never have
been forced to campaign and conse-
quently have not explained my record
directly to the voters.
"They are entitled to q full ex-
planation and am giving 1t to
them"
Senator Byrd has been telling the
voters that he stands Squarely on the
record and has no intention of chang
ing his philosophy Of government.
The people who want a Fair Deal
Senator. he says, should vote for Mr..
Miller.
Principal Issue
Somewhat to Mr.. Miller's embar-
rassment, this has become a domi-
nant issue of the campaign. It is, to
all practical effect, conservatism
versus the Truman Fair Deal.
In March. Mr.. Miller was quoted
as saying that ION every one of the
great issues which have confronted
him during his administration, the
President has made the right de-
cision." Later. Mr.. Miller sought to
remove the Fair Deal tag. He in
sisted that he should not be described
as Truman Democrat, although he
favors many administration measures
and although he criticised Senator
Byrd for negative" approach to the
Truman program.
Undoubtedly, Mr.. Miller took into
consideration the antipathy many
Evening star., 1952-07-13
By John v. Horner

City slickers who like their politics
televised don't know what they're
missing down in the sticks. Not all
the campaign hoopla this year is
coming from Chicago. Not by long
shot.
Our country cousins in Virginia are
cutting up. too. They don't rate Ma
.tion-wide hookups. but they're put
ting on quite q show. Purely for local
consumption, they are holding Demo-
cratic rallies at the county court
house, the village school and around
tree stumps from Virginia Beach to
Big Stone Gap.
Picnic Revival
The revival of the political picnic
is refreshing aspect of Virginia's
deadly serious contest for the Demo-
cratic senatorial nomination. The
rallies have been held on the grand
scale. And not In years has the State
seen so many gay outings that fea-
ture menus Of barbecued pork, stem
torian oratory, ice-cold watermelon,
music, handshaking and delicious
Brunswick stew.
If the picnics are local, the pri-
mary is not. This year 1t is Of ma
tional Importance, for, by their votes,
Virginia Democrats will decide
whether Harry Flood Byrd shall re-
turn to the Senate or whether he
shall be retired from the political
scene.
Any way you slice it, that's a big
decision. Nothing would please the
Truman administration more than
to see Harry Byrd beaten Tuesday.
Mr.. Byrd has been a consistent critic
OF his own party. Few things would
bring a bigger jolt to conservatives
everywhere, than a defeat for him.
IT Mr.. Byrd should lose in his bid
Tor denomination. the repercussions
surely would be felt at the Demo-
cratic National Convention. For in
Virginia denomination is equivalent
to reelection. It would affect the
fortunes of Southern Democrats SO
eager to check left-wing elements in
their party.
Some Virginians believe Harry
Byrd's political career is about to
be ended after one-third of a century
in public life. It should be noted,
however. that this view Is not gen.
orally shared.
Byrd Active
Senator Byrd. Of course, thinks no
such thing. He is confident Of VIC
tory over Francis Pickens Miller, but
not afflicted by the cock-sure dis
ease that so often proves fatal to
politicians. The Senator, himself, in
fact, is responsible in large measure
for the idea that he is in serious
trouble.
This is due to the unusual tactics
OF his campaign. He has never been
so active as Senate candidate. He
has never spoken in so many sections
of his State and never has taken the
pains to make detailed reply to the
innumerable charges hurled against
him.
The Miller forces interpret this AZ
an indication Mr.. Byrd is scared.
The Senator has another explana-
tion.
"Of course. any one In politics
knows 1t Is foolish to take any elec-
Evening star., 1952-07-13

again q big campaign issue. The OPP
ponents always call it the Byrd
machine. to give the worst possible
connotation. and they attack It in
every speech. Byrd's foes include not
only the more liberal Democrats and
professional labor leaders but also q
number Of former organization poll
ticians who became disgruntled with
the party leaders.
For all their attacks on Byrd, the
Millers and Whiteheads have never
exposed bit of corruption or
crookedness usually associated with
political machines" If there ever
had been any. says the Senator, it
would have been brought out. He
tells the voters "a gentleman at 1000
Pennsylvania avenue would surely
have seen to that"
Loosely Knit
The Byrd organization has been
effective for many years but it is
much more loosely knit than the
average machine. Furthermore, its
strength comes from real cross
section of Virginia: farmers, mer-
chants. bankers. doctors. Industrial
lists, clerks and some laborers. Most
Of this group regards Senator Byrd
. representative Of their general
thinking.
In this campaign, Mr.. Miller can
count upon many appointees Of the
New Deal and Fair Deal. He is ex-
pected. therefore. to sweep the new
10th district In nearby Virginia. This
will help. too. on both sides of Hamp-
ton Roads. where organized labor
also will plump for him.
The CIO miners in Southwest Vir-
ginia are behind him almost to a
man and will lead the procession of
Miller voters in that anti-Byrd area.
Labor will help Miller elsewhere.
But Senator Byrd still looks solid
in a number Of cities and in the
predominantly rural sections. The
type OF campaign he conducted has
served to stimulate workers at the
precinct level. He talks the language
Of the natives. At barbecue he
knows how to get the shirt-sleeve
crowd to shout "Ay-men. Harry!"
whenever he makes a good point.
The Senator well knows the size
Of Tuesdays vote will be most i'm
portant factor. That's why his or
ganization Is working like beavers
throughout the State. -
Evening star., 1952-07-13

$500 diesel locomotives into service
and only IS steam locomotives. This
means great changes In other facil-
tiles Of the railroads.
Roundhouses outmoded
Diesels require different types Of
maintenance equipment. The old
roundhouses are on the way out.
Service pits and overhead cranes for
servicing the big diesels are super
seding them.
Next in Importance is the overall
modernization program. which in
cludes everything from spikes to the
vice presidents desk.
Communications are undergoing
complete overhaul. New communica-
Evening star., 1952-07-13
By Earl H. Xoss

sembly could not get together enough
members to vote on the constitutional
issues under dispute.
Then, suddenly, fortnight ago.
Rhee and his recalcitrant assembly
mysteriously got together on COM
promise. The combination Of pres
sures which had been hamstringing
the assembly was lifted. Police
rounded up some Of the members
and persuaded" them to come to
the assembly hall under circum-
stances that still have not been fully
explained. One hundred sixty-three
assemblymen showed up for what
proved to be an extraordinary ses-
sion.
First, caucuses gathered in the
corners Of the assembly hall in
Phsan. Soon the speaker raped for
order. And In a remarkably short
time the assembly voted 1880 for .
compromise" constitutional amend
ment that made sweeping changes in
the young republics most funda-
mental democratic institutions.
Rhee Wins Twice
Rhee won his two most sought
after points. The National Assembly
voted to deny itself the power to
elect the, President. turning this
power over to the people. At the
same time the assembly decided to
convert itself from a one-house to q
two-house legislature.
The assembly was allowed to ex-
tract two concessions" from Rhee.
The Presidents power to appoint the
prime minister and cabinet was made
subject to assembly approval. And
the assembly was allowed to vote
itself power to dissolve the cabinet,
by simple majority after one year
and by two-thirds vote before that.
These concessions to the assembly
look bigger on paper-and outside
Korea-than they do in Pusan. To an
outsider. the new government seems
to be analogous to the French system.
Under the Korean scheme, however,
the President wields most Of the
Evening star., 1952-07-13
Koreans Stop Rocking the Boot

Now that President Syngman Rhee
and his enemies in the National AS
sembly have stopped rocking the
South Korean ship Of state. the
United Nations can breathe q cau-
tious. tentative sigh of relief and de-
vote more Of their energies to the
war.
The controversy that has been
disrupting civil rule in the Republic
of Korea for the past two months
had trapped the United Nations
squarely in the middle. The stated
U. N. objective since 1948 has been
to help the Koreans set up q free
and democratic government for all
OF the country, North and South.
Since mid-1948. South Korea has
been operating under such q freely
elected government.
The North Korean invasion in 1850
became the occasion for the U. N. to
reafdrm its hope Of unifying Korea
under democracy. But this objec-
tive has become increasingly longer
range as the job of confining. yet
winning. the war has dragged on.
Since last May it has looked as if
the U. N. might even be robbed of
the high principles it had gone to
war to protect in 1850. President
Rhee had imposed martial law and
was using other strong arm meth
ods to prevent the National Assem-
bly, from exercising its constitutional
prerogative Of electing his successor.
Rhee wanted the assembly to give the
people power to elect their President
by direct vote. q switch toward
"purer" democracy that happened
also to favor him IL he were to switch
from his announced stand of not
wanting to run for reelection.
u. N. Protest
The United Nations Commission on
Uniflcation and Rehabilitation Of
Korea. as well as individual govern
ments. protested Rhee's "thwarting"
Of due process of law. But Rhee
claimed the U. N. and other friendly
governments didn't understand. The
deadline for electing new President
ticked by and still the National AS
Evening star., 1952-07-13
I ronsit Fares
Initiation Sticks Out Its Greedy Hand
To Grab More From Cash Boxes
By William A. MiIIen

Imitation, an avaricious beggar with
hand outstretched, is standing beside
the fare box Of each Capital Transit
Co. streetcar and bus, demanding
higher prices to ride.
And 20-cent cash fare, without
either tokens or passes. is not out
side the realm Of possibility in the
near future.
During the past week, the Public
Utilities Commission has been hold
ing public hearings on request by
the company for another fare raise.
The company seeks a 17-cent cash
fare. with six tokens for 95 cents
and the end of the $2.10 weekly pass.
The existing rate is Is cents cash.
three tokens for 40 cents. and .
$2.10 weekly pass.
This is but the beginning Of .
new round. The company says its
new three-year labor contract will
add tremendously to operating ex-
penSes. II revenue realized from the
anticipated new increase is inSuff1-
cient to meet the higher labor bill.
the company will go back to PUG
for higher fares. For the wage in
crease Is to be passed out in various
steps.
BY its own admission, the company
loses paying passengers each time it
hikes the fare. Yet, the company
says. it is forced to ask for higher
fares because the costs Of all the
materials it uses are skyrocketing
just as pay envelopes are. And the
company insists it is not earning a
fair and reasonable rate Of return
on It's investment.
Poorer Service?
It's severe critics say Capital
Transit is giving poorer and poorer
service. with consequent lessened in
come. They say the company has
offered no really attractive bargain
rides to the public to increase patron
age on its vehicles. 1t has no special
shoppers fare during the slack hours
And the critics contend the company
lacks imagination in capturing more
riders and has assumed a high
handed attitude, with the odds heav-
lily favoring the investor. Both the
PUG and Capital Transit were crit
icized in. recent report to a Con-
gressional committee by James M.
Lands, former chairman of the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
damned parking lots In downtown
washington are mute evidence Of
the falling patronage on Capital
Transit vehicles. Car pools, private
automobiles and the use Of taxicabs
have cut into the company's business.
And the time may soon come. with
higher and higher Capital Transit
fares, when 1t will be at least as
cheap to ride taxicabs to and from
work, the critics contend.
No Support
But the small, protesting audience
In the board room Of the District
Building, where the PUG hearings
are held, Is q disappointment to civic
workers. Only . handful of people
attend the sessions. The blunt, cold,
hard truth Ii that most Capital Tran
sit critics are only vocal in private.
They are only too ready to sound
on" to friend. neighbor and associate.
But, when 1t comes to going down
to the PUG armed with stubborn
facts to contest the cnmpany's claims,
they are among the absent.
Even the Federation Of Citizens'
Associations. which fought the WASH
Evening star., 1952-07-13

tions equipment Of all kinds Is being
installed. This includes engineer-to-
dispatcher telephones, high-frequency
radios and automatic traffic controls
which tell the man sitting at a
master control panel where every
train in the division is at q given
moment.
Automatic switches are being in
stalled throughout the roads. Modern
hump-switching yardS-those where
cars are cut loose at the top Of
rise and glide backward-are being
built in most major centers. This
involves entire rebuilding Of the
yards.
StreomIined Terminals
Freight terminals and Office build.
ings are being modernized through.
out the country.
The third phase Of the program 10
termed deferred maintenance" This
is q product of the war. During the
war things like rails, spokes and ties
were hard to come by. Labor also
was scarce. and the roads put OF
what repairs they could, improving
and patching here and there.
Now the roads have crews at work
replacing track and strengthening
roadbeds weakened during the long
period Of inattention.
Railroad men call this the great
est era Of railroad improvement on
record. It Is In itself Q mammoth In
vestment. and when 1t Is coupled
with the billions being spent by
other industries In allied improve
ments the figures become almost un-
traceable.
Billions have been approved By
DPA for write-oR purposes for other
firms. such as the big steel com.
panies. for railroad transportation
Of their raw materials and finished >.
products. The fruit handlers ana
the oil companies have been making
similar investments.
The railroad people are cautious
about predicting when the expansion
program win be completed. But they
have In the works projects through
1858. and they say the Job still won't
be done BY the end Of next year.
The whole program was stepped
up when the Korean war began, with 3
q view to being ready for anything
that might follow. Today. despite
the lun in Korea, pessimism II keep.
ing the program rolling.
Evening star., 1952-07-13

Virginians have to the administration
but there Is no evidence to SUBJ.
stantiate charges that he is Demo-
cratic radical.
He prefers to make an issue Of
foreign policy and it appears the
voters have a pretty clear choice in
this respect. Senator Byrd, for ex-
ample. voted against the Marshall
Plan, which Mr.. Miller indorSes
Fundamentally. Byrd fought various
foreign aid proposals that Miller IA
vors. On the other hand. he sup.
ported some emergency relief and
backed the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization and the United Nations.
The Byrd record on farm programs.
rural electrification and soil conser-
walton is in sharp dispute. This con-