Evening star., 1952-03-06

i were TO nee the cause OF the ire
peoples. II through inaetion w
desert the cause of democracy. tn
democratic hope may be exterrni
mated In broad areas Of this earth
If we rise to our historic tradi
tionS. we can add powerful
momentum to the democrati
counter offensive which inspire
in the people Of the world a sens
lof their own destiny as free mel
land which will in the end burs
1.-THE bonds OF tyranny everywher,
on earth.
The pursuit of mutual securit.
through mutual strength is thu,
the keystone of the broad foreign
policy which the United States ant
Iother free nations have adoptse
Jas the surest road to lasting peace
/ The American people have stead.
lfastly supported this foreign polio,
since the Second World War. It.
pattern today is sharp and clear
III I were to make a brief defini.
ton Of our policy. ! would call il
1.-THE policy Of peace through col.
lective strength. We are joined
with other countries in. the patient
and systematic building IN the
free world of enough military
strength to deter external Com
munist aggression: and OF eco.
nomic and political and mora
strength to remove internal
threats Of Communist subyersion
and point the way toward demo
cratic progress.
Strengths Indivisible.
| I wish to emphasize very
strongly that all these forms OF
strength are necessary II We are
to achieve freedom and peace. The
plain and inescapable fact is that
they are indivisible. Neither mill
tary strength nor economic
strength nor political strength mol
moral strength can do the jot
alone.
Military strength is the first
necessity, for without a shield
Iagainst aggression the free worlo
would be helpless before the
enemy. Military strength must be
built. and we must help build 1t
In Europe and in other critical
areas Of the world. But military
strength is not just a matter OF
delivering arms to our allies. II
is also a matter of defense support
to enable our allies to do more to
|expand and equip their own de-
Tense forces.
And even arms and defense sup
port together do not provide a
full answer to the Soviet threat:
to believe that they do is danger
|ously to misunderstood the nature
|of the foe.. The gun is but one
weapon In the Soviet arsenal OF
aggression. If we ignored The
necessity for building moral and
political and economic strength,
we would expose ourselves to the
danger of Communist gains which
could be at least as damaging as
Outright aggression & Since The
Soviet Union does not reply ex-
clusively on military attack, we
would be foolish indeed to rely
exclusively on military Ssfense q
OUTLINE ] or THE F6oGRksa
The funds required dndef tlie
Mutual Security Program fall into
two brand categories.
The first Of these. which is by
far the larger. is for assistance in
building up the military strength
of friendly nations. This aid is
|of two types: ID Direct military
aid. primarily in the form Of mill
tary equipment and components
|thererof, and CD defense support
primarily in the form of raw
materials. commodities and ma
'chinery-to enable other coun-
tries to sustain and increase their
military efforts, where that type
of support produces greater re-
turns in military strength than
would an equal amount Of direct
military aid. The bulk Of the
direct military aid and Of the de-
fense support viii 60 to strengthen
the defenses Of the free nations
in Europe. Amounts for direct
military aid and defense support
make up about 80 per cent of the
total funds recommended for the
Mutual Security Program for the
fiscal year 1858.
The second broad category is for
economic and technical assistance,
primarily for the underdeveloped
areas of the world, where eco
lnomic progress is the first essen
Itial in the battle for freedom.
Some Of these funds will In fact
also support defense efforts In GER
tain countries in Southeast Asia
where Communist aggression Is an
immediate menace. Amounts rec
commended for economic and tech
nical assistance are about 10 pei
cent Of the total.
The distribution Of the amounts
recommended is shown in more
detail in the following table (This
table appears elsewhere with this
ltext):
In the Mutual Security Act Of
1851, the Congress provided fol
an integrated program, admins.
tered by appropriate operating
agencies under the general direc-
Ition of the Director for Mutua,
Security. These arrangements art
working well, and I recommend
THAT they be continued. Under
them, direct military aid will be
administered by the Department
Eof Defense. The Mutual Security
.lAgency will administer defenst
support in Europe, together witt
technical and economic assistance
lin Southeast Asia and the Pacific
I'm South Asia. the Near East
Latin America. and the tndepend'
lent states of Africa, economic ant
technical assistance will be ad
lministered by the Technical Co
Operation Administration Of tn
Department of State.