davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1952-09-21
Man Behind the Schunnon Plan

The quiet, dignified reception
which the world accorded the
Schuman Plan Assembly a fort
night ago Is in character with
the man who conceived the
idea.
That man is Jean Monnet,
64-year-old French economist,
who has been quietly building
peoples understanding of his
plans for European unity for
more than IL years. With the
help of many other forward
looking statesmen, he has
managed to push through the
historic Schuman Plan with a
minimum of personal publicity.
Nor would he have it any
other way. He is a self-effac-
ing. devoted type of public
servant. a member of a fam
lily famed in France for its
wine and brandy industry in
Cognac.
The general idea of the
"Schuman Plan." as 1t has come
to be known. is now well UNDER
stood. France, West Germany,
Italy, Belgium. the Netherlands
and Luxembourg have pooled
their coal, iron ore and steel
industries to avoid tariff bar
riers and wasteful competition.
The six nations have sent 78
representatives to sit in the
Assembly which is now meet
ing in Strasbourg. France.
Production and marketing of
some 38 million tons of steel and
220 million tons of coal a year
are controlled by this organiza-
ton.
Americans compare the plans
significance to that of the 1886
Annapolis Convention called by
the founding fathers to settle
trade disputes and to reduce
tariffs on traffic between the
States.
When the plan was first intro
duced to the Western World in
June, 1850, it at once became
the target of warning factions
of capital and labor. Indus
trialists did not like the plans
design for directed economy.
Trade unionists feared the
Evening star., 1952-09-21
u. S. Air Power, Old or New, Is Still Formidable
BIO Superfort, Ten Years Old Today,
Is Workhorse Among Our Heavy Planes
By Harry Lever

Today Is the 10th birthday
of the famous B-29 Superfort-
ress-the airplane that dropped
the first atom bomb and dealt
the blows that helped break the
back Of Japanese aggression. It
now is performing q similar
service in Korea.
In this jet age some people
are inclined to think the lum-
bearing Superfort has been COM
pletely outmoded by the newer
B-50. the big B-36 and the jet
bomber fleets. But they'd be
surprised to learn, on the con-
trary. that the Boeing B-29
actually has advanced in its
usefulness and performance. For
with notifications, addition Of
new equipment and improved
operating procedures. the old
lady is enhancing her impress
sive career with q multitude of
new tasks.
Not the least Of these IS the
medium. bomber's systematic
destruction OF Communist targets
in Korea. In the first 80 days
in Korea. 1870 of the Superforts
flew 41.957 combat hours and
dropped 28.201 tons of bombs.
Now that the B-29s know the
way. these figures have in
creased tremendously. and SO
has the number of enemy
bridges. highways, truck con-
voys and trains destroyed.
An example of the planes
improvement is in its increased
range. Its longest wartime
mission against Japan was,
$500 miles. Now tbs aircraft
can fly missions as long as
5.790 miles without aerial re-
fueling.
First Flew in AZ
And so today, in looking back
to the first flights of the B-29
on September 81. 1912. it seems
fitting to review the birth and
early life Of the bomber which
has born such picturesque and
famous wartime nicknames as
Lucky Lady, "Pacusan Dream
boat" Last Resort" "zeke, +"
Evening star., 1952-09-21

plans regulations would in
crease unemployment.
With calculated persistence
Monnet consulted government
officials. plant owners, labor
leaders and consumers in West
ern Europe. He argued, ex-
horted. charmed and cajoled.
On July IS this year, the Euro
pean Coal and Steel Commu-
nifty was brought into existence
when the foreign ministers of
six nations signed papers re-
linquishing sovereign rights over
their countries most priced nat
ural resources. Monnet's sales
talks had followed the line that
I'VE are not uniting States, we
are uniting human beings"
The structure of the organi-
zation has grown rapidly since
last July. On August 10, at the
first meeting of the nine-man
executive body at Luxembourg,
Jean Monnet was elected presi-
dent Of the High Authority, a
position of historic significance.
Evening star., 1952-09-21

and Irish Lassie." And Of
course. "Enola Gay" the Super
fort that thundered over Hiro-
shima on August 5, l945, to
make history with the first atom
bombing.
The B-29 was still dream on
paper when. In December, 1899,
the Boeing Aircraft Corp,
showed the Air Force its new
bomber design. The plane had
characteristics which at that
time seemed almost impossible
Of attainment. The Air Corps
wanted speed and performance
with mighty load-carrying
capacity.
AS Boeing started projecting
experimental models. q tooling
and production program for the
secret new bomber also got
underway. A dual operation for
such a tremendous production
program like this was unprece-
dented. Boeing started to build
q huge factory at Wichita, Kas.
And almost as fast as the roof
was finished. the jigs and tools
for the B-29 were moved in.
Since no one factory was big
enough to do all the work needed
for the B-29. Boeing started q
similar expansion program at
its new plant in Washington.
Construction Formed Out
Then, on September s, 1910,
the contract for the first two
XB-29s (experimental) was let
by. the Army Air Corps. In the
summer Of 1912. however, pro-
duction plans assumed such pro-
portions that arrangements wefe
made for the Bell and Martin
aircraft manufacturing firms
also to build B-29s. This meant
construction of more new
plants.
After four years of research
and design engineering, the
XB-29 made its first flight on
September 81, 1942. It more
than fulfilled expectations and
was put into production. It
made It's first tactical mission
Evening star., 1952-09-21

Monnet believes that an or
ganization must gain momen-
tum to be successful. Largely
through his prodding the COM
munity's Council of Ministers.
composed Of foreign and eco-
nomic ministers Of the six ma
tions, met quickly in tLuxem-
bourg. And the momentum of
European unification increased
when the Council asked the As
sembly to study a proposal for
political unification within the
Community. This proposal has
pushed Monnet's plans six
months ahead Of schedule.
A 26-man committee is now
at work drafting a constitution
for the new community and will
report to the Assembly in March
1853. This constitution is ex-
pected to lead to a common
policy on trade. finance. defense
and foreign affairs.
Soar Problem
His hope for European unfit
cation faces one major challenge
to its existence this month, how
ever. The Foreign Ministers of
the six Schuman Plan nations
are to confer on the disputed
Saar Basin. Ownership of this
rich area has been a source Of
bitterness between France and
Germany for generations. Since
the war, the Saar has virtually
been protectorate Of France.
In the past few years. the Social
Democrats of Germany have led
a fight for its recovery.
Proposals have been made by
Italy and France to create a
"Europeanized" federal district
of the Saar and its 900, 900
people. similar to the District of
Columbia. They suggest that
Saarbruecken, the capital, be
used az the permanent seat of
the Coal and Steel Community.
If Monnet can get the human
beings united on the Saar issue
where States have failed in the
past, the way seems clear for
his most cherished hope-cum-
plete unification. first for the
six Schuman Plan nations, and
eventually for all Of Western
Europe.
Evening star., 1952-09-21

over Inalland from CHINA on
June 5, 1914, and struck at
Japan for the first time on June
Is Of that year. It reached the
peak of production the follow,
ing spring, when eight B-29s
were built in a single day by
Boeing. This also was the time
when as many as 500 of the
then well-proven Superforts at
tackled Japan at one time.
After the war, the B-29's long
range capabilities were shown
by the 'Pacusan Dreamboat," in
setting what was then the
worlds nonstop distance record
of 8,198 miles In flight from
Guam to Washington, D. C.. On
october S. 1916, this same plane
flew $500 statute miles non
stop from Honolulu to Cairo,
Egypt. in 80 hours and SO min
utes, with 150,000-pound load.
And on March 2, 1949, an Air
Force B-50 named the Lucky
Lady H." which was a modified
B-29 Superfort. completed the
first nonstop around-the-world
fight. The bomber covered 49,
452 miles in "a hours, ! minute,
being refueled four times in
midair by KB-29P Flying Boom
aerial tankers.
Nearly 1000
The last B-29 was completed
in May, 1916. at the Washington
plant Of Boeing. In all a total of
1910 Superforts left the assem-
bly, line. Boeing constructed
2,766 of them at its three huge
plants. Bell built 668 and Mar
tin 536. The Air Forces most
recent announcement listed more
than $500 now in service or
available for service.
After the war. large numbers
Of B-29s were "cocooned," only
to be returned as needed to &C
tive duty in the Korean war.
A B-29 has been especially
modified to carry q $4,000
pound bomb. the worlds larg-
est. A part of the body section
under the wing was cut away
to accommodate the missile.
The high-altitude Superfort
also has been selected as the
mother ship for the Douglas
Skyrocket, the sonic research
jet plane which holds the
worlds speed and altitude rec
ords. These achievements re-
quire high altitude ake-offs,
because the, Skyrocket is elec-
trically released. like a bomb,
from the Super Fort as it flies
as high as $4,000 feet.
There are still more B-29
notifications like the lifeboat-
carrying SB-29S of the Air
Rescue Service; the TB-29s
which are training aircraft: the
XB 29Gs. which are flying
"test beds" for turbojets; and
the EB-29B, or the experimental
"Stratovision," used as a tele-
vision relay station.
Who said the old lady was
becoming obsolete?
Evening star., 1952-09-21

"Gadgets and girnmicks" have
come into the news in q rapid
series of developments which
support the Air Force conten-
ton that the number of planes
we have doesn't count as much
as their striking ability.
These are the developments:
A new fighter record in Korea.
with Al Russian jets knocked
down this month, limiting at a
new and deadly gadget on
American fighters; announce
ment of the remote-control
bomb-laden airplane which
landed on target in Korea. and
revelation that many B-36
atom -bombers are being mod
ernized and rejoining the bomb
err fleet.
It was Senator JohnSon's pre-
paredneSs subcommittee which
intimated that the Air Force
was playing around with CAD
gets and gimmicks when it
should be turning out planes.
Air Force Secretary Finletter
disagreed. Quality. he said, is
what we want.
The Nation has no desire to
build as many fighters and
bombers as it is possible for the
airplane factories to turn out,
he said. We are still in limited
emergency.
Time for QuoIity
The Air Force feels that we
can afford to emphasize quality
because we have the time with
which to gamble. Soviet pro-
duction is rapid, but even in the
light of our own limited pro-
duction, not as great as ours.
The Soviet, too, has much
larger perimeter to defend, and
her defense mechanismS, such
as radar and interceptor sta
tions, are not as tightly knit as
those of the United States.
The practice of finding better
planes before rushing into pro-
duction is, of course, sharply
different from the policy during
World War II, when the job was
to make as many planes as pos
sible in the shortest possible
time.
The Korean conflict, with its
limited area of operation, OBJ
viously does not require the vast
number of fighters and bombers
as were needed in World War II.
In addition to supplying that
theater with planes, the Air
Force problem now is to fit a
certain number of planes into a
certain pattern of fighting units
for defense and counterattack.
Congress has set the limit and
the Air Force is now operating
within 1t.
EorIy Experience
: Early in the Korean war, the
Air Force turned it's attention
to quality. Pilots who flew
Americas jets against the Rus
sian-built MICS came back
from their forays with disturb
ing reports. These MICS were
good, they said-better than
ours. The F-80. particularly, was
no match for the MIG.
The Air Force had a choice of
producing the F-80 Shooting
Star and the F-84 Thunderjet,
or the newer and better Sabre
jet-the F-86. Because the F-86
was so much superior. produc-
ton of the ESQ and F-84 was
slowed.
Experiments with "gadgets
and gimmicks" continue. For
example, Secretary Finletter re-
Gently made the cautious an
nouncement that 1--WE are at the
moment slowing up output of
the F-86 in order to give it a
very important tactical advan-
tage over the Soviet MIG. Un-
less. of course" he added, "the
Evening star., 1952-09-21
If Godeets and Gimmicks Mean Quality,
Secretary Finletter Is. All for Them
BY Jock Jonos

Russians are as wise as We are
. and improve the MIG"
There were hints from Korea
last week that this new device
may already be at work.
Money Problem
Money is an important factor.
The Air Force can't let its con-
tracts until Congress appropri-
ates the funds. And after the
money is there. 1t takes about
two years to begin Transforming
it into airplanes.
During World War II. Con-
eress didn't quibble about money.
But now the control over the
purse strings Is a little more
cautious. So the Air Force tries
to make what planes it has do
better job.
Despite the criticisms leveled
at the aircraft production pro-
gram. the Air Force is happy
about the progress made SO far.
We now are producing five
times the number of fighters
and bombers that were being pro-
duced in July two years ago.
The pattern of providing q
definite number Of planes to
At a definite plan of operation
was broadened last July when
Congress approved an Air Force
request to expand its number of
wings from 95 to 143. Because
of the time it takes to get into
production, it will be the middle
of 1855 before planes are avail
able to carry out this full ex-
panSion.
The Air Force appears salts
fled that the lab wings are
enough. Secretary Finletter
said it is not necessary at
present to re-examine the, pro-
gram to learn if additional
wings are needed. This. he
said, needs to be done only
about once every two years.
How modern are the present
IS wings? This is a sore point
with the Air Force. BY the end
of last June only about half Of
the Nations combat wings had
- modern equipment, in spite Of
the plan to have all of them
modernized by that time.
Production Pooce
The full strength of the Air
Force and the number of planes
being produced are also mill
tary secrets. 1t is generally
believed, however, that the
Nations aircraft plants will
turn out a total Of about $500
military planes Of all types this
year.
Military sources say Russia
now has about 5000 MICS in
operation, with another 1900
planes of other types in it's ac-
tive air fleet. The Soviets are
gradually abandoning-sending
into their reserve fleet-piston-
engined planes such as the Yak
and the Stormovik. In two years
they may have 10000 jet bomb
ers and fighters active.
Meanwhile. the United States
has been able to carry on its
present commitments, including
those in Korea, by taking planes
out of mothballs. The number
of planes in the various units
has increased 33 per cent from
July, 1850, to March 81. 1852.
Planes in storage, meantime,
have decreased by so per cent.
This is a stopgap measure to
maintain the fighting units while
the Air Force seeks planes ca
pable of challenging the best
that any other nation can put
aloft.
Secretary Finletter put 1t this
way: g
1--WE are in a race for quality.
Anybody who at this time over
looks any possible Improvement
which would push us a notch
ahead of the Soviets is missing
the whole point of what we are
trying to do"
Arizona sun., 1952-04-25
Barbecue Has
Place In Diet,
Saws Holiday

To more Americans each year
the barbecue has become as much
a part of summer as the straw hat.
Terrace parties, backyard meals,
picnics and beach suppers center
about the glowing bed of Goals, the
grill, and the primitive satisfaction
of shifting hungrily as. good meat
chars on it's surface and seals its
rich juices inside.
According to the fabulous eat
all-you-want diet in May Holiday
magazine, barbecue dinners are
ideal. And as the name implies,
you can eat all you want. Here's a
sample menu which will show how
to make reducing very real plea
sure: A breakfast of fried brook
trout; a luncheon of boeuf a la
mode with roast beef and saffron
rice; and an outdoor dinner of
barbecued turkey, sirloin steak, and
onion-fried potatoes. It's fit for
a king!
The whole story of this unique
adventure in good weight and
good health is portrayed in May
Holiday magazine.
Arizona sun., 1952-04-25
Round the Edges
At ech
By Ernestine Mathews

Everyone enjoyed the fine eX-
change assembly Monday from
North High which lasted one hour.
The assembly was a make believe
television show with such actors
as 10 Stafford, Dean Martin, Jerry
Lewis, The Bell Sisters, Margaret
Truman, and Johnny Ray; also the
famous bands from Mexico, and
many others. The students did a
fine job of acting out the parts of
these famous television stars.
This week is Business Education
Week at Tech. On Wednesday,
business workers visited the diff
ferent shops to see what Tech had
to offer to the younger generation.
In the afternoon they went to the
schools farm, to see what the fu-
ture farmers of America are doing.
They were surprised at the wonder
full improvements of our schools
and of the fine work we are now
doing.
Techs princess for the "Masque
of the Yellow Moon" this year is
Mia Rolston. Mia is very active
person in school activities, and has
a very pleasing personality. She
has been chosen also for President
of the Senior class next year.
This week has been a very pleas
ing week for the Girls of the
Masque, for they practice from II
until o'clock in the afternoon.
Representing Tech this year in
the Masque are eighty girls. After
the show, the girls will be per-
mitted to keep their costumes.
The sewing class received a let
ter Tuesday from the Boy Scouts
of Amrica, thanking them for the
fine work done on the draperies
made by the class, for them. They
said they needed them very badly
and really appreciated the help of
the class.
Lots of planning is being done
by the Juniors and Seniors for
the Junior-Senior Prom on May 10.
We are hoping that it will be an
even bigger success than the one
last year.
Joke of the Week: A teacher in
instructing her pupils asked, '"If
you put your hand in one pants
pocket and find $25, then you put
your hand in the other pocket and
find SIS, what will you have?".
"I'll have on somebody else's pants
was the reply"
Arizona sun., 1952-04-25
National Sports
Editors Poll
By Cy Rice

DJ W AeACO
Los Angeles, Calif-ShOuld the
various State Athletic Commissions
sanction any more Joe Louis fights,
was the question asked the 1000
sports editors throughout the ma
ton.
Old Joe Louis who jumped from
the cotton fields to the gold fields
was in limbo today following his
eight round knockout at the hands
Of young Rocky Marciano.
The former, 1.-the panther of the
ring was reduced to a slow-moving,
paunchy house cat whose sleepy
eyes saw blows coming but whose
failing reflexes couldn't do a thing
about it. While the crowd sat
stunned, the head that once wore
the heavyweight crown was just
another dead head lolling over the
apron of Madison Square Garden
ring.
He lay in semi-stupor as ref
cree Ruby Goldstein stopped the
contest. The greatest fighting ma
chine in nearly two decades was
stripped and broken almost beyond
repair. The idol of millions was
shattered. It was tragic and un-
compromising finish.
Louis, plagued by income tax
worries wants more fights to pay
off his obligations. But should he
be allowed them? Marcianos punch
may have been a financial as we'll
as a physical knockout.
Financially Bewildered
Thirty-seven-year-old Joe needs
money. Described as "the most
financially bewildered man in the
world" he owes the government
an undisclosed sum. From every
hundred thousand dollar purse, in
come taxes deleted seventy thous-
and, plus high training expenses.
"It cost me sixty thousand dol
lars to train for my second fight
with Billy Conn.," says Joe
He gave his whole pay for the
Ezzard Charles battle in Septem-
Der, 1850, to the government.
Now Joe isn't exactly going to
starve to death. The International
Boxing Club sends him fifteen
thousand yearly and other sources
of income amount to nearly tWen-
ty thousand additional. Out of
this he supports two children, helps
his mother and relatives. No ali
mony.
But there's one persistent debt
harder to dodge than any right
thrown by Marciano-The. Depart
ment of Internal Revenue.
Louis wants to keep fighting,
pay off his creditor. His friends
are trying to dissuade him. They
don't want any blood-letting. They
put sound health first
Here are the opinions of the
sports experts.
Against Louis fighting
For Louis fighting ng--..-17%
Undecided 11&
Arizona sun., 1952-04-25

GERMAN OK'S U. S. BEER
-Wilhelmena, a st. Louis, Mo-,
dachshund, guzzles contentedly
from a can of American beer
with an assist from her owner,
Matt Courtney. Though Wilhel-
mena is a lady Of fine quality,
she insists on imbibing from a
can and won't touch the stuff
from bottle or glass.
Arizona sun., 1952-04-25

Hens usually lay 20 to 25 per
cent more eggs their first year than
in their second year. Pullets lay
more eggs than hens during the
fall months when egg prices are
best.
Arizona sun., 1952-04-25
Free Swimming Marks
Opening of Encanto Pool

Free swimming for the day
marked the reopening of Encanto
swimming pool Saturday. Until the
end of the school year, May %, the
pool will be open afternoons during
the week and from II am. on Sat-
urdays and Sundays. Thereafter
the pool will be open each day
from 12 noon until pm. :: H' i:
TIE following municipal pools will
open May 3: Grant, Harmon, East
lake, Coronado, and University.
Arizona sun., 1952-04-25

It was the first time a back
woods community had seen a car,
and after one whizzed by somebody
in the general store said, "What
in tarnation was that thing?"
Just then around the bend came
a motorcycle. Don't know" some
body answered, "but here comes
its colt"
Evening star., 1952-08-26
ROOMS HOUSEKEEPING

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Link: ROOM, pvt. bath. laundry
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laundry privils. $40 wk. NO. 9SS3.
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