davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-10-05

Ships were built In greatly expanded
yards at Mobile. Ammunition poured
out of factories all over The South.
What is more. the planes flew, the
ships sailed, the ammunition fired.
The industrialization Of the South.
almost overnight. was a proved fact.
No letdown in Dixie
Ordinarily, an industrial complex
geared to war economy can only
build itself up to q terrible letdown.
What saved the South was the desire
of peacetime industry to expand, and
the acknowledged ability Of the
Southerner to take his place on the
assembly line. Many factories were
converted from war to peace, many
new ones were built. The peacetime
expansion that began-to give an
arbitrary date-on January /, 1916,
has not slackened yet.
Since the end of the war, well over
1000 factories have been built in the
South. Value of this plant expansion
has exceeded 500 million a month
Throughout the six-and-a-half year
period. Construction programs now
under way point, if anything, to an
increase rather than a decrease in
the next three or four years.
Diversity Stressed
Perhaps the most important thing
about Southern industry today is its
great diversity. No longer does Elm
dustry" mean steel in Alabama and
textiles in the Carolinas. The chem
ical industry is fiourishing. Automo-
tive and aircraft assembly factories
have absorbed thousands of workers.
The paper industry. which before the
war produced mainly coarse pulps
for making boxes and bags, has
mushroomed into a major producer
of newsprint-and the Nations
presses are crying for more.
Much credit for the industrializa-
ton of the South must. of course.
be given to the "Socialistic" expert
ment in public power conducted by
the Tennessee Valley Authority.
Both Alcoa, where aluminium is
made. and Oak Ridge. home of the
atomic. bomb, exist because of the
harnessed energy of falling water in
East Tennessee. But private enter
prise deserves far more credit than
Government paternalism. iva helped
the South find the road to success;
it did not pave that road all the
way to the end.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-10-05
Prosperity in Dixie

How well the South is succeeding
in this task Is evident in every city
and town. in the farms along the
highways, and in the well-scrubbed
kids and shiny cars to be seen at
every turn. And If statistical evil
dence should be needed to confirm
what the eyes can see, there is
plenty Of it. Dixie today is the sta
tistician's dream, where every curve
on every graph is an ascending one
and where the sectional indexes in
almost every phase of human en-
deavor exceed the national averages.
A table elsewhere on this page gives
fair idea of what is going on.
The prosperity Of the Southeast
can be seen most clearly in its cities.
white ways"-or. more properly,
red-green-and-blue ways-of garish
neon stretch for blocks, sometimes
miles, through the centers of busy
cities. The omnipresent Belk depart
ment store in every middle-sized
Southern city has put on a new face
and is trying with signal success to
look like Nieman-Marcus in Dallas
or Rich's in Atlanta.
Prosperous Formers
The one-gallus farmer who, in de-
preston times. loafed listlessly on
Main street of Saturday afternoon
now puts on a Palm Beach suit and
drives to town in his new sedan. He
Is bent nowadays not on lettering in
the shade, but on spending good
green cash. At the end Of the day
he hurries to catch the 8 o'clock show
on television.
Jeeter Lester, the degraded share
cropper Of Tobacco Road" has had
his day. There still are backwoods
communities, Of course, but the
noisome rural slum of the depres-
sion-rldden South is fast becoming
a thing of the past. Tobacco road
has been paved. A school bus comes
along 1t daily. and Jeeter Lester had
better put his children aboard-or
else. The child's chance of getting a
reasonably good education once he gets
to school has improved vastly. And,
once finished with school, the child
no longer faces the dilemma of sink
ing back into the despond of Tobacco
road or migrating North to find
job.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-10-05

bank. But by the same token. the
bank would ruin itself and the
countryside If it went broke lending
large sums of money for long terms
of years on bad risks.
Some banks established farm serv-
i've bureaus stated with men who
knew agriculture as well as they
knew flnance-and who knew men,
too. These banks liberalized credit to
farmers they considered good risks.
enabling such farmers to increase
their land holdings and make the
switch to cattle farming.
How well did the experiment work?
One Of the pioneers in the field is
James Bishop of Greensboro, N. c.
Since 1885, he has lent out more
than $31 million to farmers in his
area. Mr.. Bishop has never spent
a dollar for legal service. He has
never foreclosed q note. He has
never taken a borrower to court.
Yet his total loss in that 17-year
period has been exactly $44.
Industry Benefits
Finance. in the South as elsewhere.
is keystone of the economy. just
as the Southern farmer could never
have been lifted out of the cotton
field mud without the bankers help.
so industry would have been retarded
without adequate finance.
Years ago. the South was almost
completely a colony Of the North.
When money was needed for plant
expansion, it flowed down from New
York and Chicago. The idea of I'M
dertaking major project with local
money rarely. if ever, occurred to
industrialists in the South.
But with banks enjoying pros
perity based largely on agriculture.
homegrown financiers were able to
extend themselves a little. Several
large insurance companies with head
quarters in the South found it
profitable to make investments near
home. Today, Atlanta-the financial
heart of the South-iS what finan-
ciers call a "million-d dollar town.: A
project Of 81 million can be financed
easily in Atlanta without help from
the outside. The city's biggest bank
recently underworld an airline
merger. The Georgia Power Co.
swung q major transit moderniza-
tion program in the Georgia capital.
using Atlanta money exclusively.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-10-05

parent from a quick look at the sta
tistics is the urbanization that has
characterized the last IS or 20 years.
This urbanization has gone hand
finland with another drastic change
AN alteration in the standing
2-to-1 balance between white and
Negro population. These two popu-
lation factors can best be considered
separately.
First. urbanization. The relatively
slow population growth Of the South
ern States really boils down to an
actual decrease in many rural areas
and an almost explosive growth in
urban centers. Half the population
increase Of Tennessee is accounted
for In the burgeoning of metropoli-
tan Memphis; half of Georgia's
growth occurred in metropolitan At
lanta. Cities which were hardly
more than villages 80 years ago now
are busy cities Of $4,000 to 100000.
Second, Negro migration. Be-
tween 1910 and 1850, the Southeast
gained 2.5 million population, but
only $1,000 of this gain was Negro.
BY two or three stage leapfrogging
process, the rural Southern Negro is
going North. AS result, the South
ern countryside is becoming progress
sively whittier" What happens is
that the Negro, on leaving the farm,
migrates to a Southern city. There.
for a while, he works in such limited
fields of employment as are open
to him. Finally. he moves either
to one of the Southern metropolises
before going North, or heads directly
for some such economic mecca as
Detroit, Cleveland or Chicago. Gen.
orally speaking, the Negro does not
return to Dixie. Some population
experts say that if this trend con-
tinues undated, the South's Negro
white population balance will be the
same as that of the rest of the
country by the end of the century.
Improvement for Negro
There is a possibility that Negro
migration will slow down, however.
In recent years employment restric-
tions on Negroes have been eased
somewhat. There appears to be
widespread feeling among white lead
ers, too, that the Negro must be
brought nearer to economic equality
with the white. Any social con-
siderations entirely aside. white BUSH
ness leaders are coming to agree with
Booker T. Washington's statement
that "the only way you can keep the
Negro down in hole is to stand in
the hole with him."
Both these population changes
have had their effect on statistics.
The rural Negro always has been at
the bottom of the economic heap,
and the poor white has not been
far above him. AS the Negro moves
out, and as the white sharecropper
gets steady job, the economic in
dexes inevitably rise. The gradual
disappearance Of what might be
called the misery classes" Of the
South accounts in large measure for
many Of the advances outlined in
the statistical table on this page.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-10-05
'Unionisnn

It has been the experience Of in
dustrialists everywhere that when
the factory gates open and workers
start trooping in to their new jobs.
the union organizer is not far be-
hind. This is as true in the South
as anywhere else. But organized la
Dor in Dixie got OF to a late start
and has not yet made anything like
the inroads on industry that 1t has
made up North.
One Of the reasons that organ
ization Of Southern labor has Jagged
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-10-05

plicated as it was uneconomical.
Then there were the hard. bitter days
of the Civil War and reconstruction.
Next came the immediate past, with
a rejuvenated, reoriented South
boosting itself toward parity with the
rest of the Nation. And, finally, there
is the future. which most Southerners
view with eager anticipation and
without fearful apprehension.
The momentum of the South's
present boom is almost certain to
carry the area, in time, to point
where its average income and living
standard will be equal to the national
average. Whether it ever passes
that point and becomes one of the
Nations favored. rather than UNDER
privileged, areas depends on many
factors.
First is the matter Of continued
industrial expansion. The South has
reached a point today at which it
can finance much of its own ex-
pansion. If it can keep this up, It
is in good shape to control its own
destiny even more than it does today.
Also, Northern firms are continuing
to find that dollar goes farther in
the South and hence are investing
more dollars there. Will they keep
on doing so? The future financial
health of the Nation as a whole
holds the answer to this question.
Roce Question
Second is the matter Of race. The
South has been at the bottom Of the
statistical heap for generations be-
cause of the substandard condition
of the Negro. Economic emancipa-
ton of the Negro is raising the level
of Negro salaries and hence the
average salary level of the South.
Emigration of Negroes to the North
is having the same effect.
Third is the matter OF agriculture.
Southern cotton culture is nothing
short of slavery, whether the man
who cultivates the plants is a black
chattel in 1860 or a white freeman
in 1850. More and better cotton can
be produced cheaper on mechanical
farms in Texas and California than
on one-mule plantations of the deep
South. The changeover to cattle Is
an encouraging one to the South and
considering the fact that Dixie has
not even filled its own meat and
dairy needs, the future of cattle
raising there is virtually limitless.
Hopeful Attitude
There are other factors, too-edu.
cation, transportation and the like
that will help shape the future Of
the South. But perhaps the biggest
factor is the South's own attitude
OF turning its back on the past and
looking hopefully ahead.
Nowhere is this changed attitude
more graphically evident than in
the little town of Lexington, N. c..
on U. S. highway 20, almost exactly
midway between Washington and
Atlanta. For 70 years a stone Con-
federate soldier stood atop a monu-
ment in the middle of the towns
main intersection. When the auto
mobile came, he continued to stand
there, and as North-South traffic
burgeoned along U. S. 20, he kept his
vigil even after he had become q
highway obstacle.
A few years ago the city fathers
bowed to progress. They moved
Lexington's Confederate soldier off
the street and onto a plot Of his own
on the southeast corner Of the main
square. Traffic now flows freely
through Lexington.
But the Confederate soldier leans
watchfully on his rife. still looking
North, just in case.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-10-05

undoubtedly stems from the South
erner's suspicion Of the damyankee.
This feeling is passing gradually. but
it is the experience of many trans
planted Northerners that even after
20 or so years in the South they
still are looked upon as slightly
alien. Labor has. up to quite re-
Gently, drawn much of its organizing
talent from the industrial centers of
the North. Recently. however, home
grown unionists have come into the
picture. It may be that their pres
ence will advance the cause of union
ism.
High and Low Spots
Generally speaking, the heavy in
dustries in the South are pretty well
organized. This applies especially to
coal, steel, aluminium and automo-
bile assembly. New industries. too,
are more heavily unioniZed than the
older ones. But in the long estab-
1ished, relatively diffused industries
like furniture, textiles and numbering,
the union movement is quite weak.
AS might be expected. there is def
mite anti-union sentiment among
employers in the South. Efforts to
keep the unions out generally fall into
three categories. First is the obvious
one-outright union-busting, with
company COON meeting union COON on
the outskirts of town and rioting the
question to a decision. Second is the
more subtle method of propaganda
ing the workers by such techniques
as charging the union with Commu-
mist domination. The third is the
still more subtle-and effective
method that is called enlightened
personnel management" This keeps
the union out by giving the workers
of the company's own will everything
the union could get them by negotia-
ton and little more besides. Only
the most prosperous and far-seeing
companies are able TO use this third
stratagem, which seems to concede in
advance the inevitability of improve
ment of the workers lot.
Unions Take Credit
Unions. not unjustifiably, take much
credit for improved conditions even in
industries that have not been effec-
lively organized, like the textile in
duStry. Their line of argument is
that the only reason higher wages,
shorter hours and better working
conditions have been granted in I'M
organized mills is the employers fear
that substandard conditions would
only breed unionism. Some employers
frankly concede the unions estimate
Of the situation to be correct.
The knotty problem of race rears
phases Of Southern endeavor. How
far can the union concept of broth
erhood" among workers extend in q
society where men Of two races refuse
to consider themselves brothers? In
general, AFL unions hew more closely
to the Southern pattern of segrega-
ton than Go unions. But even the
most liberal Go group makes con-
cessions occasionally to the racial
mores Of the South.
Racially the situation in Southern
industry is roughly this: Indignation
of Negroes and whites is most general
in effectively unionized industries
like steel and coal. and least appar-
ent in unorganized pursuits like tex
tiles Ordinarily white) and lumber
ing Qargely Negro.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1952-10-05
The Future

The story Of the Southeast can be
divided into four chapters. First.
there were the romantic old mag
nolia days when life was as uncom-
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1952-09-18
Circuit Rides Again
BY EVELYN WEAVER

The greatest thing in this
world is not so much where we
are, but in what direction we are
moving" These words of Oliver
Wendell Holmes are most fitting
| for these coming weeks and
months.
When we realize that 1870 of
the youth are outside the church,
and that in less than ten years,
we will have four times the num-
ber of youth we have today, we
wonder in what direction we are
moving. Are our ministers of the
Gospel, our teachers and coun-
selors with youth, and our church
youth themselves, going to con-
tinue in the uninteresting way or
are we going to take the bull by
the horns and attempt to tackle
this big concern?
It is this concern which has
led me to put forth the necessary
effort to have Youth Organiza-
ton Week which is now going
into three weeks of MYF meet
ings. It is this concern which
took me to Shadyside this last
Sunday to speak to a hundred
youth. AS fine a job the school
does with the youth of our day,
it cannot take the place of the
Christian training program which
the church should and can be
doing. AS the Quakers would
say, This Is Our Concern"
The last weekend, the sub-dis-
trict officers and some adults
from this county went to Beth
esda for "Know Your job re-
treat. We are thankful to Rev.
Floyd Gaugler for the thought
provoking discussions he led.
And especially, we are grateful
to our japanese friend from Mus
kingum College who inspired and
challenged us in her Christian
witness.
There are three dates coming
up in the near future which the
young people and counselors
should take heed. The first is our
sub-district rally the end of this
month, September 80 at Sum
merfield. The Booth Festival date
is fast approaching-October 13.
The place is yet determined.
On Saturday, September 27,
there is a Children's Workshop at
Canton. If you are teacher with
children and need some definite
helps, call me and I should be
very happy to take you.
Let's not forget that first
things come first and not when
it is convenient for me.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1952-09-18
Sarahsville Fri. ]

SARAHSVILLE ROUTE -
Mrs. Luna Butler has returned
home from visit with her
daughter and family in Colum-
bus and she also visited with her
mother in Cambridge.
James Sullivan of Caldwell,
was a recent guest of his mother,
Mrs. Mary Sullivan.
We hope some of the squirrel
hunters will be able to kill some
ground hogs as they are getting
to be so numerous. They also
make good dog feed.
Mrs. Charles Stevens spent
Saturday in Cambridge.
Several from here attended the
funeral of Pearl Sudman, Tues
day at GAINESVILLE.
Mrs. Alma Jerles spent the
weekend with her father, Joe
Stevens, South Olive.
Mr.. and Mrs. Denver Bates of
Canton, were recent visitors of
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Feldner.
Mr.. and Mrs. Argyle Vorhies
and family were weekend guests
of relatives in Akron.
Mr.. and Mrs. Chester Thomas
of Norwich, called son relatives
here recently.
John Grimes was calling in
South Olive recently.
Miss Effie Warren was a bust
ness caller in Cambridge recent
ly.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1952-09-18
Fredericlysdale

FREDERICKSDALE Mr.. and
Mrs. John Miller of Caldwell
route spent Friday evening with
Mr.. and Mrs. Levi Miller.
Mr.. and Mrs. Marsh Snyder of
Columbus, spent the weekend
with Mr.. and Mrs. James Shaw
and son and Earl Shaw.
Mr.. and Mrs. William Clark
and family of Dalton, spent the
weekend with Mr.. and Mrs
Orion Shackles and daughter.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Went
worth and family and Mr. and
Mrs. Freeman Fouse spent one
evening with Mr.. and Mrs. John
Wentworth.
Elmer Clapper of GAINESVILLE, is
spending a week with his daugh-
ter, Mrs. Norval Carter and
family.
Mr.. and Mrs. Peter Robinson
and family of Caldwell route,
spent Sunday with Mrs. Annie
Wentworth and daughter.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Clark and
daughter spent Saturday even
ing with Mrs. Rose Bates and
sons.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bill Davis spent
one day last week with Mr.. and
Mrs. Leslie Cater and daughter
of Pleasant Hill.
Rev. Jones and family Of Byes-
vile, were dinner guests of Mr.
and Mrs. Fred Gordon, Sunday.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1952-09-18
Stafford

b STAFFORD - Mrs. Leo POul-
ton of Matamoras, spent Sunday
at the home of Mr.. and Mrs. N.
K. Ullman. Mr.. and Mrs. Frank
Kline of Circleville, were also
weekend visitors at the Ullman
home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Franklin Hanson
of Woodsfield, spent Sunday at
the F. E. McVay home.
Mr.. John c. Mcconnell of Co.
lumbus, was a weekend visitor of
his parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Floyd
Mcconnell and family.
Miss Virginia Miracle of Col
umbus, was a weekend visitor of
her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Roy
Miracle.
A. E. Robinson of GAINESVILLE,
spent Sunday with relatives here.
Mrs. Blanche Uflman and son,
Larry, Mrs. Edith Vance were
Woodsfield callers on Tuesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Markey
have returned home from Mich
igan.
Mr.. and Mrs. Asther Mcconnell
and family of Warren, were week
end visitors with her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. r. T. Holland.
Mrs. Bessie Reed of Swazey,
spent Thursday night with Mr..
and Mrs. Walter King.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clyde Hawkins
and son of Antioch and Mrs.
Kathryn Ayers of Harriettsville,
spent last Tuesday with Will
Hawkins.
John Hagerman of Los Angeles,
Calf. and Nelson Hagerman of
Canton, are visiting their father,
Charles Hagerman and uncle
Frank.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Miracle
and baby, Phyllis of Canton,
were weekend visitors at the
Floyd Miracle home.
Harry Mcconnell, who has en-
ployment at Bladensburg, spent
the weekend with his family
here.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1952-09-18
Continued from 1-B)

take a bit of doing to hurdle
them. But it can be done by an
aroused electorate.
America must have, deserves
to have a genuine New Deal--a
Practical Deal as opposed to the
one that now enshrouds and
STILES US, that is shot through
with waste, inefficiency and cor
ruption.
America must have, deserv
have an Unfettered Deal that 81
not owe its election to pseudo
Liberals, Left Wingers, Socialists,
Fellow-Travelers and big city
ganster bosses.
America must have, deserves
to have a Genuine Fair Deal for
all of the American people, ir-
respective of race, color, creed,
party affiliation or station in life.
America must have, deserves to
have a Genuine Square Deal that
will not stir up the poor against
the rich, employee against the
employer, black against the
white, Christian against Jew and
the general populace against the
business man.
That's the new kind of deal |
am for. I hope and pray that the
majority of my fellow citizens
feel the same way about it, that
they are sick nigh unto death of
what has transpired at Washing
ton the past twenty years and
that they will register their con-
victions at the polls next Novem-
Der 4th.-George Peck.
Photo Observation-Disclosures
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1952-09-18
SHAR ON NEWS

SHARON - Mrs. Anna Archi-
bald, local president of Sharon
W.C.T.U. presided at the Sept.
meeting of union, Wednesday
afternoon Sept. 10, held at the
Presbyterian church. Topic for
meeting, Building for Total Abs
finance through the public
schools" Meeting opened with
song, "Consecration."
. Vera Harmon read Psalm SO
for a scripture lesson. Minnie
Marquis led in prayer. Eight
members answered roll call.
Several interesting and instruc-
tive readings were given. Treas
urer reported stale dues paid for
eighteen members. A contribu-
ton of $500 to Frances Willard
Memorial fund, $500 for foam
rubber cushions for soldiers
home and II christmas packages
to Dayton veterans hospital. Of
ficers for the ensuing year were
elected as follows. president Anna
Archibald, vice president, Lucille
Pickenpaugh, Treasurer, Leota
Winder, secretary, Vera Harmon.
Meeting closed with the Aaronic
benediction.
Shower for Newlyweds
Mr.. and Mrs. Gerald Ruppel
were honored with a shower of
nice gifts at the home of her par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Wiley,
Tuesday evening. Mr.. and Mrs.
Ruppel left Wednesday morning
for Elkridge, Maryland where
they are now residing. Cpl. Rup-
pei is stationed at Fort Meade,
Maryland.
In Hospital
Mrs. Carleton Spriggs is a sur
gical patient at st. Francis hos
pital, Cambridge.
Dinner Guests
Mrs. Cora Boyd and daughter,
Della of Caldwell, were dinner
guests of Mrs. Mamie Parks on
Thursday evening.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1952-09-18

If it's advertised IN The Journal
Say SO wnen you are buying.