davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-04-01
Beneficial
Bacteria
This Land Of Ours
By JESSE GREEN

WHEN WE hear the term ''bac-
teria'' we usually think of some
thing very harmful This is because
most diseases are the work of bac-
terra. But others are very useful, in
fact we could not live without them.
Bacteria bring about the decom-
position of all organic wastes to
purify the earth and to make dead
materials into food for plants. BAG
terra are essential in this cycle of
plant life that there may be food for
men and animals.
Another form of bacteria are
those that live in nodules on the
roots of the leguminous plants. They
have the unusual ability to take inert
nitrogen from the air and convert it
into protein of which their bodies
are made. On their death this pro-
tein is changed to a form of nitrogen
which the plant can use.
The plant on which the nodules
form is known as the host, and it re-
ceives in return for its service to the
bacteria the nitrogen which it needs
so much for its life and growth.
There are a great number Of
nodule bearing plants, as peas, beans,
clover, alfalfa and many wild le-
gumes. These acted as host for bac-
terra that fixed nitrogen as the soil
was being built even before the
dawn of history. Some of these
plants are trees or shrubs, as the
Siberian pea (Caragana). They bear
their seed in pods as does the ordi-
nary pea. In the case of alfalfa, the
/ pod is coiled into spiral.
Only the legumes have nodules
Why are they not on other plants?
We do not know, nor do we know
how the bacteria living in the
nodules are able to fix nitrogen
When we carry out the same process.
in our modern industrial plants we
use complicated machines working
under high pressures and high tenn
peratures. In other words, we mus
get all heated up to do the work tina
these lowly bacteria do so quietly il
the dark, moist soil
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-04-01
New Bulletins

NEW BULLETINS available from
the agricultural extension service,
University of Wyoming, Laramie, in
clude:
Preserving Posts and Lumber"
circular 12S, by R. o. Gilden, agri-
cultural engineer, and w. o. Ed
mondson, forester. The bulletin de-
scribes methods and chemicals best
suited for preserving wood. Notes
are also included on home-built
treating tanks and heating plants.
Low Cost Irrigation Structures"
circular 122 by Guy o. Woodward,
irrigation specialist and Gilden. The
bulletin describes, with photos and
plans, several diversion boxes and
a drop-box easily constructed at low
cost using concrete building blocks.
Simple wooden turnouts and check
boxes are also included.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1952-04-01

Mobiloil more than meets all re-
quirements for a heavy duty
motor oil set up by the American
Petroleum Institute and today is
recommended by leading car and
tractor manufacturers.
And you get famous Mobiloil
triple action for top performance:
High v. 4. for minimum change
in body over a broad range of
temperatures. .Anti-Acid Agents
to give greater protection against
corrosion :. High Detergency to
help keep engines clean.
For all heavy-duty farm work,
Insist on heavy-duty Mobiloil.
Call your Mobilgas-M obiloil man!
Evening star., 1952-03-30
Billion Cubic Feet Of HeIiuml
Produced by Government
BY The Associated Press

Secretary of Interior Chairman
announced yesterday that GOV.
ernment plants produced their
billionth cubic foot of helium dur-
ing January.
He said this meant an average
production of slightly more than
one cubic foot of helium every Sec
ond since the Government began
its production in the worlds first
full-scale helium plant at Fort
Worth. Tex. in 1921.
The United States is the only
country known to produce helium
In large quantities. The depart
ment's Bureau of Mines is the only
producer in this country. and per-
hapS in the world.
Bureau personnel estimate the
Government processed more than
100 billion cubic feet of natural
gas which contained a small per-
centage of helium in order to get
the billion cubic feet of helium.
They said that quantity of nat
ural gas would be about a 10-year
supply for the average non-indus-
trial city of 10000.
The bureau now operates three
helium plants, one near Amarillo,
Tex; another at Excl, Tex, and
one at Otis, KanS. It also main
tains a standby plant at Ship
rock, N. Mex.
Before World War I. helium
was produced on a laboratory scale
at a rate of $2,500 a cubic foot
Today's price is about is cents
q cubic foot.
Evening star., 1952-03-30

The Alexandria Skating Club
member of the United States
Amateur Roller Skating Associa-
tion, will present its annual
championship fund show at 8 pm
tomorrow at the Alexandra
Arena.
All proceeds Of the show will
he used to send local amateur
skaters to the National champion
ships. The two-hour presentation
will be highlighted by a Snowtin1e
pageant featuring Bunny Mon
teith, Dan Menininger and Swinky
Bernard. E
. Specially numbers will be Of
fered by Beverly Dismukes and
Thomas Mccartney, national
juvenile dance champions; Jerry
Baker, Keith Daggy. Gary Gard
ener, Barbara Baum, Judy Nc
'Cafferty, Joan Hobeck and Eddie
Swartz. Others skaters will par
tticipate.
The arena is at S07 North st.
Asaph street.
Evening star., 1952-03-30
Communications Cut
With Tunisia, Hinfinq
New Trouble There
By the Assoeioted Pres.

PARIS, March 29.-Telephone
communications with Tunisia
were cut tonight. arousing specu-
lation that censorship has been
clamped again on the troubled
North African protectorate.
The blackout came shortly after
Jean de Hauteclocque, French
resident general, had himself pro-
claimed foreign minister of Tu-
niSia.
An effort by the Associated Press
here to telephone its correspond
ent in Tunisia failed. The oper-
ator said communications with
Tunisia have been interrupted. /"
She did not say when the service
was cut, but volunteered that it
might be out "for several days" !"
Four Persons Wounded.
Phone service to Tunisia was
suspended earlier this week when
\ French authorities arrested sew
eral Tunisian nationalist leaders,
Including Premier Mohammed
Chenik. A military censorship
was imposed at that time, but it
was soon lifted.
Press kilograms still were getting
through.
The dispatches hinted at new
trouble for French authorities in
the wake OF their efforts to replace
the Tunisian nationalist cabinet
officers who were deposed in a
swift military action Wednesday.
One brief dispatch from Tunis
said four persons were wounded
late today when a. bomb was
thrown at a police station at
Mahdia, on the outskirts of Tunis.
Police pursued the bomb throWers.
who opened fire, the dispatch said.
Police returned the fire and made
several arrests.
Bey Yields to Demands.
The new pro-French premier,
Saiah-Eddine Ben Mohammed
oaccouche, was encountering diff
Guilty in persuading other Tunis-
ianS to poin his cabinet, the dis
patches said.
The Bey of Tunis, Sidi Mo-
hammed Ell Amin. who yesterday
yielded to French demands to ap-
point new prier, affixed his seal
to the decree naming Mr.. De
Hautecl0cque foreign minister.
France has said she is willing
to give, Tunisia more home rule,
but will not 1elinquish control of
defense and foreign affairs. Nearly
100 persons have died in the pro-
tectorate in three months of vio-
lence Sparked by TuniSia's de-
mandS for freedom from French
rule.
Evening star., 1952-03-30
1rl-Sfafe Chiropractors
End z-Day Convention

A two-day convention of chiro-
practors from the District. Mary
land and Virginia. concludes to-
day at the Hotel Statler.
Nearly $50 persons registered
yesterday, at the first tri-state
postgraduate clinic of the chiro-
practors in this area. In previous
years. each State and District
has held its own session.
DR.. Harold G. Quase. of Silver
Spring. is convention chairman.
Representative jackson, Repub-
lican. Of California, was principal
speaker at a banquet last night.
DR.. Qusse was toastmaster.
Among the lecturers at scienti-
fic sessions yesterday were DR..
Joseph Janse, president of the Ma
tional College of Chiropractic,
Chicago; DR.. E. j. Smith, dean
of the Metropolitan College, Cleve-
land, and DR.. Marshall Hines, OF
the Palmer School of Chiropractic,
Davenport, Ia.
Evening star., 1952-03-30

per cent Of his salary into social
security.
For many years, Civil Service
and Federal personnel officials
have claimed the csc retirement
system was the best in the world.
It probably is as far as retirement
benefits are concerned.
Unfortunately. everyone doesn't
live to- so or 62, which are the
Governments retirement ages.
The comparatively young Federal
employe with a wife and children
wants to be sure that If something
happens 70 him. his family would
at least get enough of a pension
to insure some of the bare neces-
sites of life. At least, they want
the benefits to be on a par with
those provided by social security.
X Ax
FUTURE The Civil Service
Committee feels that before any
thing is done about the situation,
a complete study and comparison
should be made of the csc and
social security retirement systems.
Most Federal employe groups
fear a merger of the two systems.
feeling that the csc retirement
system would then be absorbed
by social security, with o resultant
loss OF the more liberal retirement
benefits.
There is increasing sentiment in
1avor OF a proposal that supple
mental Social Security coverage
be provided in the case of SURVIVOR
ship insurance benefits SO that the
present benefits in this regard may
be increased.
. What the committee wants to
know Is whether this can be done
and If it can be achieved without
further employe contributions.
Another alternative being still
died is the liberalization of
survivorship insurance benefits
within the framework of the pre-
sent CSC retirement system.
The committee doesn't pretend
to know all the answers. That's
why its ready to call for a study of
the entire situation, with q view
OF legislating on the problem next
year.
BE sure to listen to Joseph
Youno's Federal Spotlight radio
broadcast at 6:15 pm. euery
Saturday oDer Station WMAL.l
Evening star., 1952-03-30
1852 Auto Tag DeadIine
Won't Be Extended in DC.

There will be no time extension
for 1852 tags on automobiles in
Washington, George E. Keneipp
director of Traffic and Vehicles
announced yesterday. All auto
mobiles being driven on the streets
without the new tags will be i'm
pounded by the police after mid
night tomorrow.
Mr.. Keneipp said he expects q
large crowd in the tag line to-
morrow because the department
Is running about 1000 tags behind
last year. Employees will work
overtime to accommodate all per.
sons in line at 3:45 pm.
Evening star., 1952-03-30

employees. Sec sVsepn Aouhs
ondly. confining this years legis-
lation to retired employees only
will cut down the cost of the bill
incidentally, the subcommittee
handling the legislation expects to
report to the full committee
within the next 10 days a bill
providing annuity increases for
retired Federal workers.
AS for present Federal employees,
the committee is very much con-
cerned over present SurvivorShip
insurance retirement benefits.
Federal career employees pay 6
per cent of their salary for re-
tirement and survivorship insur-
ance berefits. This is about four
times the sum paid for social
security by private enterprise
workers and the Governments
temporary indefinite employees.
Yet. private industry workers
and Federal temporary indefinite
employees receive much more
liberal survivorship insurance
benefits.
It's true that for employees who
make the Government their career,
the benefits on retirement will be
considerably more than those pro-
vided under social security.
But the families of career men
who die in the Federal service re-
ceive much smaller benefits than
do the families Of private enter
prise workers and temporary in
definite Government workers.
X 4 4
NEQUITIES Government
career employees with families are
keenly aware of this. And the
problem has been brought home
to them forcefully in the last few
years when Federal temporary
indefinite workers were placed
under social security. They Just
don't understand why they are
paying 6 per cent of their salaries
into the csc retirement fund ANA
buying smaller benefits for their
families than the person sitting
next to them who pays only w
Evening star., 1952-03-30
81 Virginia Assembly
Officially Ended

The 1852 General Assembly OF
Virginia passed into history at
80 pm. yesterday after 1t. Gov
l.. Preston Collins and Speaker E.
Blackburn Moore had signed and
sent to the Governor 398 bills.
The Assembly will not meet
again until January. 1854. unless
called into special session.
Delegate Armistead L. Boothe
of Alexandria continued to work
on a petition calling for action or
redistricting, but made
small headway.-AP
Evening star., 1952-03-30
British Settlement
|0f Egyptian Dispute
Appears Possible
BY The Associcted Press

CAIRO. Egypt. Mar. 29.-The
British Egyptian dispute appeared
headed for possible solution to-
might with reports in both Cairo
and London that Britain may
agree in principle to Egypt's de-
lmands on the Suez Canal and the
Sudan.
The reports came after a day
Iof intense diplomatic activity
British Ambassador Sir Ralph
stevenson and Egyptian Foreign
Minister Abdel Khalek Hassouna
Pasha conferred twice.
Both Sides Silent.
Both sides refused to comment
on the talks, but Egyptian infor-
mants said they probably dis
cussed Egyptian demands that
Britain issue a declaration agree
ing in principle to pull her troops
out Of the Suez and place the
cotton-rich Sudan under Egyptian
sovereignty
Premier Ahmed Naguib Hilaly
PaSha conferred with Foreign
Minister Hassouna and Hafez
Afifi Pasha, chief of King Farouk'.
royal cabinet. Informants close
to Premier Hilaly said the discus.
sions centered on principles to be
used as a base Of Anglo Egyptian
negotiations.
However, observers noted tina,
Britain probably would insist that
some defense system be set UP in
this strategic area before she ac-
cepts any plans for withdrawal
Informed diplomatic quarters In
London said Britain may agree ir
principle to Egyptian demands
If Egypt will cooperate in q
west-proposed Middle East de-
lfense setup with the United States
France. Britain and Turkey.
Rejected Last October.
London Foreign Office spokes-
man refused to say whether
Britain would make formal
declaration, but said "our object
lis to get an agreement with
Egypt"
Egypt rejected the four-power
idea for a Middle East alliance
last October at the same time she
|scrapped the long standing
treaties allowing Britain to garri-
son troops in the canal zone and
providing for joint Anglo-Egyp-
tian rule over the Sudan.
British military authorities have
declared they will keep guard over
the east-west waterway until q
defense system is set up to protect
lit.
The deadlock touched of. a
series of bloody British Egyptian
clashes climaxed by the Cairo
riots Of January 26, which caused
l67 deaths and millions Of dollars
fire damage.
Evening star., 1952-03-30
Hunt Pushed for ; Flyers
Missing in Bay Crash
BY the Assoeioted Press

LANGLEY AIR FORCE BASE
Va, Mar. 29.-The Air Force con-
tinued a search tonight for three
airmen listed as missing after the
crash in Chesapeake Bay late last
night Of their four-engine jet
bomber.
Air Force. Coast Guard and
Navy rescue experts were search
ing near Plum Tree Island. where
debris from the B-45 was found
The plane crashed four minutes
after taking off.
Officials tonight listed the miss
ing men as:
Capt. Roland c. Parnell. 20.
pilot. Of Ridgeway. N. c., whose
wife and two children live at
nearby Hampton.
Second 1t. Heber j. Whiteside
rs, co-pilot, of Layton, Utah
whose wife and two children also
reside at Hampton.
First 1t. Phillip r. Dunlan 2a
Greenville, Ala, whose wife lives
at Hampton.
Evening star., 1952-03-30

5gomery denied the existence OF
foot-and-mouth disease in Mexico
and described the five-year cam
Ipaign -. against the disease
there as a 'boondoggle' and waste
of public funds"
Mr.. Montgomery tentatively Is
scheduled to testify Wednesday
at an open hearing.
MIR. Cooley said the expendi-
lures were small compared to the
damage to the United States
economy that would result if the
disease became established in this
Evening star., 1952-03-30
United Community Services Join in Laudnu Boys Club

The United Community Services
will join with other community
groups tomorrow to mark the OBJ
servance Of National Boys Club
Week.
Duane Paul, chairman OF the
Recreation and Group Work sec
ton of UCS. lauded the work OF
boys clubs. He said:
Every boy in our community
has the right to experiences made
available through agencies such
as the Boys Club Of Washington.
1T is through group activity in
|recreational, health, physical, yo-
|cational. cultural and educational
programs as offered under the
Evening star., 1952-03-30
Appeal for Family

Friends, neighborS and church
acquaintances have banded to-
gether to secure funds. clothing
and furniture for the widow and
seven children whose Maryland
Park (Md.) home was destroyed
by fire Thursday night.
The family Of Mrs. Anne Van
VIE escaped with only the clothing
they were wearing when flames
destroyed their home in the 500
block Of Sixty-fifth avenue. The
Rev. Timothy MacCartly, Of st.
Margaret's Catholic Church in
Seat Pleasant, and the st. Vincent
de Paul Society started the drive
to help the Van Wie'S start anew
Evening star., 1952-03-30

leadership of trained and experi-
|enced adults Of the Boys Club
that We train our citizens Of to-
morrow.
Programs such as this are our
best insurance toward developing
q generation Of leaders prepared
to build stronger homes. commu-
mites and stronger Nation. No
city that has its share of Boys
Clubs will ever lack for good citi-
|zens and real Americans"
The Boys Club of Washington
lis charter member of the Conn
munity Chest, and this year has
been allotted $91.776 by the or
'ganization for its operations.
Evening star., 1952-03-30
IAeior Asked toIesiiIY
On Cattle Disease
By the A,,oe,io,ed -,

; Bf The Assoeiosed Press sse,z. "A
Robert Montgomery, radio and
.television actor. has been asked To
appear before the House Agri-
culture Committee next week
to talk about foot-and-mouth
disease.
Chairman Cooley said in a state
ment the actor will be asked Ito
discuss a recent series of radio
broadcastS in which Mr.. Mont
Evening star., 1952-03-30

year at least,
the committee
viii act only on
the provision to
increase annui-
ties of retired
workers. There
are two reasons
for this deci-
sion. First, the
need Of retired
employees for
immediate ac-
ton is much
gre a ter than
that of present
Evening star., 1952-03-30
Democrats to Vote

Alexandria Democrats go to the
polls Tuesday to select nominees
for all seven seats in the City
Council.
| Campaigning has been mild, al
though there have been a few
Ineighborhood issues.
Fifteen names will appear on
the ballot, although only IA can
didates are competing. This is
because r. Samuel Luckett. in
Icumbent councilman, withdrew
because of illness after the ballots
already had been printed.
Evening star., 1952-03-30
Maryland and Virginia
News in Brief
Ordinance Indorsed

The proposed new zoning ordi-
nance for suburban Montgomery
County received the general in
dorsement yesterday of severa
business and civic leaders.
Support for the proposal was
presented at a hearing held by ths
Maryland-National Capital Parl
and Planning Commission in the
Silver Spring Armory.
The ordinance would increase
the number Of residential, com.
mercial and Industrial zones from
the present five to IA.
Evening star., 1952-03-30
The Weather Here and Over the Nation

District of Columbia, Maryland
and Virginia--Mostly sunny today
with high near SIS. Low tonight
about 38. Monday some cloudiness
Evening star., 1952-03-30
and warmer.

and warmer.
Wind - Generally north be-
tween 10 and IS miles per hour
today.
Evening star., 1952-03-30
The Federal Spotlight rsssse.
IRetirement, Survivor Benefits
Get Full Study BY Senate Unit
The Federal Spotlight
BY Joseph Young

complete study Of the Governments retirement
system involving changes
families to
/ Committee.
The committee less has decided pending
providing annuity increases for retired employees from
other provisions involving add-; ----
Evening star., 1952-03-30

This edition contains This
Week Magazine OF 80 pages,
i0-pGge comic section and 2S
pages of rotograUure.
Evening star., 1952-03-30
River Report.

tFrom u. s.. Engineers.D
Potomac River muddy at Harpers Ferry
end at Great Falls; Shenandoah cloudy at
Harpers Ferry.
Humidity
tReadings at Washington National Airport.
Yesterday Pct. 3 pm. &C
Noon As 10 pm. 8.
pm. 55
Record Temperatures This Year.
Eiehest. S3, on March 81.
Lowest, Is, on January 80.
High and Low Of Last "a Hours.
High 81, at l:45 pm.
Low. 81. at & pm.
Tide Tables. a. S
Furnished by U. S. Coast and Geodetit
Evening star., 1952-03-30

tional benefits for present Federal
workers.
It has been decided that, for this
Evening star., 1952-03-10
Substitute Even Better Than Ring Resin

was harmful to the eyes or any
other parts of the body. He was
surprised to learn that not only
is it harmless, but that doctors
prescribe it for some types Of
stomach disorders.
Further tests were made on two
Golden Gloves boxing programs
and at the Julian Keene fight re-
Gently. Finally it was adopted as
official for the District in time to
be used for the Gene Smith fight
against Corky Gonzales.
In poll of fighters all said
they liked it better underfoot. It
prevents slipping without being
gummy.
"The funny thing about 1t is
that it's been around for Years
and none of the manufacturers
tried to sell q boxing commission
on it," Miller said. They're COM
peting for the roller skating busi-
ness. and here's another perfectly
good field that was untapped
What's more. it should be good in
other sports as well. I imagine
that In baseball it would be even
better than resin for pitchers and
batters. ] put some on my hand
and absolutely nothing slips. even
things that are wet. 10 strikes me
las just the thing for batters on q
hot day when their hands are
tslippery with sweat"
Evening star., 1952-03-10
Z AU Cagers Honored
For Play in Tourney
BY the Assoeioied Press

BALTIMORE. Mar. 10.-Loyola
placed two men on the Mason
Dixon Conference all-tournament
first team picked by coaches of the
eight squads which took part in
the playoffS won by Baltimore
University Saturday night.
Ed Kowalewski and Ed DOH
|erty, both of Loyola. were named
to the first team along with Art
Press of Western Maryland, Ger
ry Simon of Baltimore University
and Jim Brittan of Roanoke.
The coaches also selected a
second all-tournament team made
up of Ed Moffatt and John Selby
|of American University, Karl
Hummer and Paul Cap of Roa-
noke and Emerson johnson Of
Hampden-Sydney.
Baltimore won the tournament
by beating fourth-seeded Roa-
noke, Al to 40, in the final game.
Three of the players named to
the first all-tourney team were
among the leaders in the regular
season scoring race. Press was
sixth in the final standings with
1914 points. Doherty was 18th
and Simon 10Th with 1856 and l29
points. respectively.
Kowalewski, play making Loy-
ola forward, was a standout
throughout the season, and Brit
tan of Roanoke was credited with
sparkling the late-season drive
that put Roanoke into the tour
jnament.
Evening star., 1952-03-10

A substitute for resin in the
boxing ring. one that prevents
slipping even better than resin
does and has the added advantage
that it isn't injurious to the eyes
of fighters. is being used here.
So far, Washington is the only
place where this new substance
precipitated calcium carbonate-is
used, but the District Boxing
Commission is very pleased with
the results and recommends its
use everywhere.
Resin in fighters eyes is one of
the recognized dangers Of the box
ing game. Numerous injuries and
even blindness have resulted
There's an ex-fighter in Washing
ton now-you'l see him selling
peanuts at Turner's Arena-whc
became blind from getting resin II
his eyes.
That is one reason you'll Set
referees take time to wipe of The
gloves of fighters who hit tns
floor. They want to prevent trans
terrence of resin to the eyes o.
an opponent.
The advantages Of precipitates
calcium carbonate, commonl.
known as precipitated chalk, wer'
discovered quite by accident b