davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-10-23

Woysof truman Often oMystey
Decision Send FuFedged Ambassador to the Holy See
Come Not Only as Surprise to Public but to Cobinet

Myron Taylor to the Holy See
"a position which did not re-
quire any congressional action.
When Mr.. Truman abolished
that job in 1949 he also ordered
the withdrawal of the foreign
service officer who acted as a
liaison between the State De-
partment and the Vatican when
Mr.. Taylor was away on his pro-
tracted leaves Of absence.
When this relatively minor Of
fetal was, Withdrawn all semi
official connections, restored by
Mr.. Roosevelt. were broken of
to the great satisfaction Of a
large number Of Protestant or
ganizations which firmly oppose
all dealings with the Vatican.
The fact remains, however.
that many civilized nations. in
cluding those where Protestant
ism Is the state religion. have
had full diplomatic representa-
ton since Mussolini restored the
Holy See as a temporal state.
Britain, France and Belgium
have had ambassadors for some
time and Germany and Japan
had them up to the time of their
collapse. Baron Won Weiszaker.
aided by the Vatican, saved
thousands Of Jews and other po-
litical refugees in Italy during
the war when the Gestapo
reached as far as Rome to per-
secute these innocent peoples.
Even the Italian government
has an ambassador at the Holy
See although the Vatican is
actually in Rome.
Most Of the Western Euro
pean nations. regardless of
whether they have a large or
small Catholic population, re-
gard the Pope as a temporal
sovereign and have recognized
him as such and have full dip
lomatic missions accredited to
him.
The selection Of Gen. Mark
Clark as Ambassador would in
dicate that Mr.. Truman has
realized the Importance of the
Vatican as an invaluable infor-
nation center rather than for
its tremendous fight against
Communism. He must have been
aware Of the latter for some
Evening star., 1951-10-23
Doris FIeeson:
Doris FIeeson:
Surface Quiet but roub|e Brews
Truman Lunches Capitol With Leaders of Both Houses
But Appointment of Vatican Envoy Goes Unmentioned

President Truman lunched at
the Capitol with Senate and
House leaders of both parties
48 hours after his surprise ap-
pointment of Gen. Mark Clark
as Ambassador to Vatican State.
A polite time was had by all.
The Vatican was not mentioned
nor were any of the other con-
troversial issues that increas-
ingly divide the President from
his former colleagues.
The battle lines are being
drawn, however. and doubt is
expressed that whatever the
outcome on principle, Gen.
Clark will become a Vatican
envoy. Gen. Clark has shown no
intention of retiring. A few
years ago when the President
wanted to make a brilliant Of
ficer. 1t. Gen. Laurence S.
Kuter. head Of the Civil Aero
nautics Board, the Senate Mill
tary Affairs Committee indig-
nantly rejected Truman re-
quest that the general be al
lowed to retain full service
status in a civilian post. Gen.
Kuter chose the Army.
Opponents Of the Clark
nomination are turning to this
precedent. The White House
has already said the President
would not Jump the gun with a
recess appointment.
Gen. Clark Is understood by
Armed Services Committee
members to aspire to the post Of
Chief of Staff of the Army. Re-
tirement, Of course. would end
that.
Discussion is turning also to
the sending here by the Vati-
can of a Papal Nuncio in ex-
change for an American Ambas-
sador. Early dispatches assumed
that the Pope would respond
Evening star., 1951-10-23
Constantine Brown:

The ways of President Tru-
man in his personal handling Of
some foreign relations are more
than often a mystery. In many
cases when he makes public
statements on certain issues he
reverses himself before the pub
lie has had time to forget them.
For instance, less than two
months elapsed between the
time he announced at a press
conference that 1t would be a
long, very long time before he
would send an ambassador to
Spain and the appointment Of
Stanton Griffis to that Job. His
chief objection to normalizing
our relationship with Spain was
the alleged persecution Of Prot
estants in that country.
Mr.. Truman's decision to send
q full -fiedged ambassador to
the Holy See came as a surprise
not only to the general public
but also to his cabinet and the
State Department.
There is no doubt that the
Vatican is one Of the most i'm
portant information centers in
the world. Tens Of thousands
of priests throughout the world
= are reporting back what they
see and hear. They do not have
much military inf o m a I'll o n.
This is less important today
than the trends in every coun-
try, particularly in those behind
the Iron Curtain. In spite OF
their lack Of military knowi-
edge, Catholic missionaries do
occasionally furnish vital in
formation.
It was a Catholic missionary
who in 1887 gave us the first
positive information that the
Japanese had broken the terms
of the mandate In some of the
islands of the Marianas archi-
pelago and were busy making
them into strong military and
submarine bases. We confirmed
the truth Of this information in
Saipan.
The realization Of the impor-
tance of the Vatican as a CEN
ter of information prompted
President Roosevelt. among
other considerations, to send
Evening star., 1951-10-23

Church and State have sue
ceeded in preventing the passage
OF any aid-to-education bill that
includes aid Of any kind-trans-
portation, health services, text
books-to parochial schools. A
non-partiSan bill, with Senator
Taft as one of its authors,
easily passed by the Senate,
still lies in a House committee.
AS for the effect of the reli-
gious controversy on the coming
campaign. it is a little early to
make a prediction. Some poll
ticians profess to see slick
politics in the Presidents action.
They say it is q bid for the
support Of big city bosses who
happen to be Catholics. They
say it is designed to embarrass
certain Republican Senators
who have many Catholics among
their constituents. They say the
President is planning to appoint
a non-Catholic as Democratic
national chairman and hopes to
offset any resentment that may
be aroused.
But they don't say anything
about the probable reaction in
what we sometimes call the
Bible Belt,
Evening star., 1951-10-23
Fletcher KnebeI:
Potomac Fever

The Government sets off another atomic explosion Nevada
The Russian press will miserable failure by pointing
out to the comrades that North America is still intact.
The White House announces exploded another
Abob Man the only known species make progress
to blow himself up without any outside help
Senate committee investigates RFC deal pushed by Vice
President Barky secretary Barkley indignant The thing
too close to home Next thing you know subverve
claiming that the Vice President himself ought
running the Government IL.
Maj Gen Harry Vaughan the Presidents military aide
he thinks he gives many gifts course
hasn't given deep freezes yet but what the heck it's
the gesture that counts. ..
Tennessee internal collector suspended
health The only around this Government can't quit
cause he's feeling bad Is the taxpayer.
The White House President
ton in Key West next month And enjoys every
Of our relaxation.
Senator Taft that Senator Mccarthy
his charges about Reds Government Taft you
prefers under statement
Evening star., 1951-10-23

promptly with a Papal Nuncio,
which is the Vatican's equiv
alent of an Ambassador. The
word nuncio means announcer.
Diplomatic circles raised the
question of his probable status,
pointing out that q Papal Nun
clio automatically becomes the
dean of the diplomatic corps in
any country to which he is as
signed. s.s....r-
Catholic authorities here said
this was true. They described
1t as a matter of custom going
back to pre-Reformation days
when the Roman Catholic
Church's authority was not ques-
toned by Christians.
These authorities said also
that If and when an American
Ambassador to Vatican State is
approved, they would expect the
Apostolic Delegate, who now
represents the Roman church
here in religious matters. auto
matically to become Nuncio.
They suggested that the ques-
ton of his automatic elevation
to dean of the diplomatic corps
was secondary and incidental
and was up to the diplomats of
the corps to decide.
A comparison to England, like
America a Protestant country,
was suggested by the same au-
thorities. England has long had
Vatican representation.
British diplomats said the
comparison between their situa-
ton and what apparently is
contemplated by President Tru-
man didn't quite hold. The
Court Of st. James sends a
Minister, not an Ambassador,
to Vatican State and Vatican
State is represented in London
by an Apostolic Delegate.
They agreed that q Papal
Evening star., 1951-10-23
Behind-Scenes Debate on Clark
Entente Coroe With Rome Only the Beginning Of Project
To Mobilize Religious Groups Aaoinst Communism
David Lowrence,

Thirty-nine nations of the
world maintain fully accredited
diplomatic representatives at
the Vatican-there are IS am
bassadors, l6 ministers and 5
charge d'affaires. Only the
United States and Russia among
the large nations do not have
legations or embassies at the
Vatican.
This, it is disclosed, was one
of the controlling reasons why
President Truman after many
months Of deliberations finally
decided to abandon the circuit
Gus method of sending a per
sonal representative" to the
Vatican and come out for full
fledged diplomatic relations.
This correspondent on June s,
1950-after Myron Taylor, per
sonal representative" had re-
signed from his post earlier that
year-wrote as follows:
Representative McCorm k
of Massachusetts,, Democratic
majority leader. has recon-
mended to the President that
he meet the question fortnight
ly and appoint an American
minister to the Vatican. send
ing such a nomination to the
Senate. This would require a
majority vote of the Senate to
confirm, and then the matter Of
an appropriation would be part
of the State Departments an
nual budget"
At that time the Vatican had
manifested indirectly it's dis
pleasure that, with Mr.. Taylor's
departure, no steps had been
taken to fill the post and it
was made clear that a full
diplomatic relationship was con-
sidered the only solution from
the standpoint of the Roman
church.
It was pointed out at the
time that even such non-
Catholic countries as Great
Britain. Norway. Sweden, Den
Evening star., 1951-10-23

mate victory over the forces
that oppose it.
IT am sorry to say that it
has not yet been possible to
bring the religious faiths to-
gether for this purpose Of bear
ing witness that God is the way
Of truth and peace. Even the
Christian churches have not yet
found themselves able to say.
with one voice, that Christ is
their master and redeemer and
the source Of their strength
against the hosts Of irreligion
and the danger Of a world Ca
tastrophe."
It now is being suggested that
perhaps the President has In
mind some dramatic move as
a sequel to the appointment OF
an ambassador to the Vatican
some method of establishing
contact between our Govern
ment and all the churches of
the world in a tangible way so
as to carry forward the original
concept which Mr.. Roosevelt
had developed In wartime. In
the battle against communism
there are quasi-governmental
problems Of q religious nature
involving not only the Catholic
Church In European countries
but also the Moslem Church in
the Middle East, as well as the
Jewish Church in connection
with the problems Of Israel.
It may well be that the es-
tablishment of an entente
cordiale" with the Vatican is
only the beginning Of a series
Of ambitious projects on the
part Of the President to mobilize
the religious groups against
atheistic communism. Judging
by the fact that Myron Taylor
has been in frequent consulta-
ton with Mr.. Truman lately.
the possibility Of further moves
is being discussed in well-in-
formed circles.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1951-10-23
Lowell MeHett:
LOWeH WeHetl
Why President Invites q Fight
He Considers the Struggle Against Communism as Most
Important Business of His Administration

A lot of explanations are being
offered for the Presidents pro-
posed diplomatic recognition Of
the Vatican. The only one that
appears to have any validity is
his belief that such a relation
ship with the church state will
have great value in the world
struggle against Communism.
And. like most people, he re-
CARDS that struggle as the most
important business of his ad-
ministration. Otherwise he
would hardly have invited the
bitter politico-religious ruckus
his announcement was certain
to precipitate.
Just how useful it is to have
a listening post of this nature
at the world headquarters of the
Catholic Church not many peo-
pie actually know. President
Roosevelt considered it suffici-
emily useful to persuade Myron
Taylor, former head of u. S.
Steel, to serve there as his per-
sonal representative, without
pay. during and after the war.
It was generally understood that
Mr.. Taylor's chief function was
simply that of learning all he
could from the mass of infor-
nation believed to pour into
the Vatican from all countries
in which the church is estab-
lished. Such information ma
turally never was made public,
but it can be assumed that Pres
ident Truman has the full story
Of whatever contribution Mr..
Taylor was able to make to the
Allied war effort and is con-
vinced that a similar contribu-
ton can be made now in our
undeclared war with Russia.
The Russian government
seems te share this view. It
has been quite free in it's ac-
cusations Of espionage on the
part of the Church within var
ious of the satellite countries.
Regardless of its inability to
make its allegations of actual
espionage stick, Russia must
believe that the reports of the
Evening star., 1951-10-23

time since, under orders of the
Pope, the Catholic clergy has
been fighting actively against
Stalin's conspiracies. The mar
tyrdom Of men such as Cardi-
nal Mindszenty and many others
who have not been as much in
the limelight because they were
Of lesser rank is still fresh in the
minds Of all. The efficacy Of
this strong opposition to Mos
COW conspiracies and doctrines
caused the Kremlin to make the
Pope and the Holy See the main
target Of its attacks either di-
rectly through its propaganda
machine or through its subver-
sives everywhere In the world.
Whenever a country falls into
Moscow's clutches it is the
church which suffers first. And
since the orthodox religion has
been coerced to accept the lead
ership Of the patriarch of Mos
cow-a political appointee Of
the Politburo-and the number
Of ProteStants in some European
nations behind the Iron Curtain
is relatively small, the main
part of the Red offensive is
particularly directed at the Cath
olic Church.
Outside the antagonism Of
our Protestant churches to the
Vatican which Is stronger in
our country than anywhere else
in the world, there seems no
valid reason why the United
States alone among the free
Western nations should not have
diplomatic representation at
the Holy See. We have an AM
baSsador in Moscow where athe-
ism has replaced religion. Yet
we hear no serious objections
from any quarter. The Holy
See is the smallest state in the
world. But it is a sovereign
state all the same.
Evening star., 1951-10-23

mark and Switzerland main
tanned diplomatic relations with
the Vatican and Rome's church,
men wondered what had hap
pened TO cause a hiatus in the
relationships established by Mr..
Taylor.
It develops now that quite a
debate has been going on be-
hind the scenes.
In Mr.. Taylor's letter of
resignation. he had pointed out
that President Roosevelt orig
inally sent identical letters to
the leaders Of the Protestant,
Jewish and Catholic faiths In
this country to consult with
him from time to time and use
their influence in strengthening
the moral forces Of the world.
Mr.. Taylor's mission was to
contact all religious groups
abroad, and assurances were
given to protesting elements in
this country that. while he made
his headquarters in Rome, he
was supposed to travel in Eu-
rope and be in touch with all
the church groups in the various
countries.
Quite recently another phase
Of the effort to mobilize the
religious forces of the free world
developed. Less than three
weeks ago Mr.. Truman. In a
prepared speech to a Washing
ton pilgrimage of American
churchmen, made this disclos-
ure:
For some time, I have been
trying to bring a number of
the great religious leaders of
the world together in a common
affirmation of faith and a COM
mon supplication to the one
God that all profess. I have
asked them to join in one COM
mon act which will affirm those
religious and moral principles
on which all agree. Such an
affirmation would testify to the
strength of our common faith
and our confidence in its ulti-
Evening star., 1951-10-23

Nuncio does become automat-
ically dean Of the diplomatic
corps wherever assigned. Their
understanding is, however. that
a Papal Nuncio is never ap-
pointed except to a country
which has negotiated q con-
cordat with the Vatican. Their
impression is that only Catholic
countries do this. President
Truman has not done it-at
least SO far as the country
knows.
A State Department spokes-
man. who ought to know, said
that the matter Of a Papal
Nuncio had not been brought
up in the current negotiations.
and no name of one had been
cleared by State and the White
House. It would appear that
this spokesman was aware that
a concordat would be a neces-
sary preliminary.
This raises the question of
why the President did not follow
the London pattern of trading
a Minister for an Apostolic Del
egate but desires to name an
Ambassador.
Precedents IN these matters.
all extremely important to Dip
lomats, go back to the Congress
Of Vienna. They are taken very
seriously-and so is the post
Of dean Of the corps. In WASH
ington the dean of the corps
is established by the seniority
system in vogue in Congress.
the Ambassador with the long,
est service being dean. Current
ly that is the Norwegian Am
baSsador.
His potential successor-pos.
sibly. that is, before Mr.. Tru.
man got busy over the week
ends the Nicaraguan Am
bassador.
Evening star., 1951-07-01
Brooks
Continued From Page DID

Continued From Page DID
Laking left Thursday with the
First Secretary of the British En-
bassy and Mrs. Dennis A. Green
hill for Belfast, Me. They have
taken a cottage there for two
months and although the men OF
the families will be III Washing
ton much of the time they hope
to join the others for frequent
long weekends. Mr.. Laking will
be Charge d'Affaires for his gov
Iernment after the Ambassador
and Lady Berendsen sail for their
cruise to South America.
The Counselor of the Venezuelan
Embassy, Senor Don M. A. Burelli
Rivas. left yesterday for Caracas
on two months leave.
The First Secretary of the Peru
Wan Embassy, Senor Don Arturo
Garcia, and Sonora de Garcia will
leave the end of this month fol
Switzerland where the former has
been transferred to Geneva. Senol
Garcia will be succeeded at the
Embassy here by Senor Jorge Nj
Icholson who will arrive the middle
Iof July probably accompanied by
Sonora de Nicholson.
The Second Secretary of the
Canadian Embassy and Mrs. Rob-
Iert w. Dunn moved last week from
their house on Stephenson place
to the house at 2919 Thirty-nin
street which they have leased.
Evening star., 1951-07-01
Nancy HedIey
is Married

The Fort Myer Chapel was the
scene yesterday of the wedding
| of Miss Nancy Hedley and 1t. Eu-
gene Shelburne Smithson, jr.
Chaplain Robert M. Homiston Of
1ciating.
The bride is the daughter of DR.
and Mrs. Oswald Fenton Hedley
4 of Arlington and the groom is the
son of Mr.. and Mrs. Smithson OF
Ashland, Va.
Following a reception at the
George Mason Hotel in Alexandria
the couple left for a wedding trip
after which they will make their
home at 104 Rodman road. Aber-
deem, Md.
Evening star., 1951-07-01

Miss Natalie Louise Bowman
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. William
ASbury Bowman, was married yes
terday 10 1t. William Bowcock
Kuykendall, jr., son of Mrs. Dor
Iothy Canter Kuykendall of Alex
andria and Mr.. Kuykendall of Ar
lington.
The ceremony took place at the
Emory Methodist Church, with the
Revs. Harry Canter and Edgar
Beery officiating.
After a Southern wedding trip
Mr.. and Mrs. Kuykendall will.
make their home in Biloxi, Miss.
Evening star., 1951-07-01
Audrey M. Smith Bride Yesterday

Miss Audrey Marie Smith,
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Russell
A. Smith, and Mr.. Thomas Francis
WEIGH, son of Mrs. 10 B. WEIGH
and the late DR.. T. Frank Welch,
were married yesterday morning
in the Church of the Nativity,
Father Thomas F. Grodavent Of
ficiating. The reception was held
at No. 2 Scott Circle.
The bride, wearing a white
frosted organdy gown and a fin
gertip veil, was escorted by her
father. After a wedding trip to
Atlantic City, the newlyweds will
reside in this city.
Evening star., 1951-07-01

Mr.. and Mrs. Albert Schrier an
lnounce the engagement of their
daughter Leatrice Ruth to Mr..
Irwin DickStein, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Herman Dickstein of New
York. An october wedding is
being planned.
Evening star., 1951-07-01

Nh0. NUHWAN HUOOELL, IT.
Miss Vivianne Lucy Hooppaw
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Cadle
Hooppaw of Windy Hill. Leesburg
Va. became the bride yesterday
OF Mr.. Norman Felt Shelton Rus
sell, jr., son of Mr.. and Mrs
Russell of Neshawiny Hall. Edge
water Park, N. J.
The ceremony was held in the
st. James Episcopal Church, the
Rev. Frank Moss officiating.
Evening star., 1951-07-01

Fairmount Presbyterian Church
in Cleveland Heights, Ohio, was
the scene of the wedding yesterday
of Miss Anne Loweth and DR..
Robert Ormiston Knox, the Rev
Richard Pacini officiating. The
reception followed in the home of
the brides parents, Mr.. and Mrs
Frederick Curtis Loweth in Cleve-
land Heights. DR.. Knox is the
son of Mr.. Robert Knox of Wash
ington.
DR.. and Mrs. Knox will live in
Colorado Springs where he will
take up his new duties as junior
resident in internal medicine for
the department of medicine at
the University of Colorado.
Evening star., 1951-07-01

"Whistling" teakettles usually
come in 2 to 4 quart capacity.
This type Of teakettle is a good
choice if the utensil is used
primarily for boiling water for
tea or coffee.
Evening star., 1951-07-01

The marriage of Miss Helen l..
Brennan, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. Martin C. Brennan, to Sergt.
Richard A. Olivo, U. S. A.. son of
Mr.. and Mrs. Antonio Olivo of
Pawtucket, R. l., took place yes
terday in Our Lady of Victory
Church, the Rev. Carl F. Hess
officiating. A garden reception was
held at the home of the bride. The
newlyweds will reside in Arlington.
Evening star., 1951-11-29
Marion Signs Three Contract as Of Browns
Win, Lose, or Draw
BY fkANCIS SIANN
Stor Sfoff Correspondsnt

ANNAPOLIS, NOV. 29-The thing Eddie Erdelatz can't
understand Eddie Erdeatz saying what happened
the hotshot Navy kids who beat Army year ago when
Evening star., 1951-11-29
Edstern's Star Coach Pits One
Of Best ] cams Against Cadets

Dick Mentzer of Eastern will
wind up his 22d year of coaching
tomorrow night, when his unde-
feated Ramblers play undefeated
st. Johns at Griffith Stadium,
and this 1851 squad may be the
best he's ever had.
Mentzer won't say it's the best.
He'd rather wait until after the
big game, which pits the Metro
politan Catholic League titlist
against the District public high
champion. Il will say, however"
he comedies. that it stacks up
very favorably with any team
I've had"
Mentzer has had some good
teams. His HoIlidaysburg pa
team went undefeated through
the 1896 and '37 seasons, winning
the States Western Conference
high school championship both
years. He repeated in 1914 and
As when his Eastern Ramblers
rolled up % straight victories. The
current Eastern team has 13