davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-12-30

election OF delegates, who may be
pledged.
Minnesota-No direct presidential
preference, but election of delegates,
who may be pledged.
Nebraska Direct presidential
preference and direct election of
unpledged delegates.
New HampShire-Direct presiden-
tial preference and direct election Of
delegates who may be pledged.
New Jersey--No direct presidential
preference. but direct election OF
delegates who may be pledged.
New York-No presidential pref
erence, but direct election of un-
pledged district delegates. Delegates
at large chosen by State committee.
OhiO-No direct presidential pref
erence, but direct election of pledged
delegates.
OregOn-Direct presidential pref
erence vote and direct election of
pledged delegates.
Pennsylvania-Direct presidential
preference vote and direct election
OF unpledged delegates.
South DakOta-No direct presi-
dental preference, but direct election
OF delegates, who may be pledged.
West Virginia-Direct presidential
preference and direct election of un-
pledged delegates.
WiscOnsin-No direct presidential
preference, but direct election of
delegates. who may be pledged.
Florido's One-Porty System
Florida Democrats hold a primary
for direct election of delegates who
may be pledged. Republicans may
not qualify for primary because of
provision requiring party to poll at
least 20 per cent of the vote in the
previous gubernatorial election.
California, Maryland. Massachu-
sets, Nebraska, New Jersey, Ohio,
South Dakota, West Virginia and
Wisconsin require definite word from
a presidential candidate or his repre-
sentative before his name or those in
dorsing him may be placed on the
ballot.
Objections to the primary system,
designed originally to give the voters
a direct voice in selecting presidential
nominees, have been on both me-
chanical and fundamental grounds.
Primories by Stotes
Historians Wilfred E. Binkley and
Malcolm c. Moos list these objec-
tions in great detail and conclude:
Ever since 1912, when Theodore
Roosevelt began beating the drums
for it. there has been sentiment Tor
a Nationwide presidential primary.
1t had been advocated by Senator
La Toilette the elder) even before
Theodore Roosevelt. 1t was taken
up by President Wilson during his
first term, and it was revived again
by La Toilette in the 1924 Progressive
campaign.
THE idea has never taken hold
seriously however. and with the more
prolific use of the public
poll, it may well be that this inven-
ton will provide a. sort of preference
primary that may ultimately have
some effect on the conventions
choice"
Primaries by States.
Here are the dates of the coming
primaries by States and the number
of delegates to be elected by parties
in each:
Evening star., 1951-12-30

Chinese papers in Hong Kong have
reporters in South China, but their
occupation is a risky one.
Formosa-There is no censorship
of outgoing news from Nationalist
China. Effort is made to induce cor
respondents to refrain from sending
out anything that might be termed
unpleasant for the Nationalist re-
gime.
Southeast Asia.
Indonesia, Thailand. Malaya-No
censorship. A correspondent may be
called to account for what he has
sent out and there may be occasional
requests to refrain from sending in
formation government officials feel
may be against the public interest"
Burma-No official censorship, but
blind censorship exists in practice.
All copy is examined at the cable
Office by government official and
occasionally copy is changed or words
stricken out without the correspond
ent being informed. This applies to
stories of political or military nature.
Indo- China-The French exercise
an official military censorship. Some
times there is also political censor
ship. Stories dealing with politics
may be held UP for long periods or
not sent at all.
Central America and the Caribbean.
El Salvador-No censorship. The
constitution guarantees freedom of
the press except in cases of revolt,
war or disaster when censorship may
be applied.
Cuba-No censorship. The Com
munist newspaper Hoy, closed down
in August. 1850. resumed publication
in August. Last Sptember police
closed down a daily and weekly for
insulting the President. but both pa
pers reappeared two days later
Costa Rica, Honduras, Mexico,
Haiti and Panama-No censorship
Guatemala-No censorship except
in case of a threat to the govern
ment's security, when martial law
may be imposed. The government
may request copies of cables sent
out by correspondents from the cable
company.
Dominican Republic-The Inter
American Press Association says the
situation 'is not propitious for free
dom of the press"
South America.
VeneZuela-A foreign correspon-
dent takes his copy to the cable Office
If the company decides it contains
anything of political significance, the
cable goes to the board of examina-
ton" If the government decides
there Is situation of STRESS" all
cables must be submitted to censor
ship before going to the cable office
For the local press it works this way
Galley proofs, complete with mead
lines, must be submitted to the cen
sorS on any story of political signif-
canoe. prior to publication.
Argentina-The Peron regime exer-
ciseS no direct censorship over
outgoing or incoming dispatches. But
communication companies are held
responsible for transmission of un-
desirable news and in cases of doubt
may submit dispatches to the min
istry of communications for clear
ance.
Paraguay-No open press restric-
tions.
Colombia-The censorship imposed
since the state of siege of November
l949, is still in effect. but with signs
of leniency within the last few weeks.
The Conservative party regime has
permitted the publication of inter-
views and speeches by the Liberal
party opposition.
Peru-Press freedom is limited by
a decree of July, 1949 that remains
in effect.
Evening star., 1951-12-30

Totals ------- 59U 51U
Minnesota elects all but 3 at-large
delegates in primary; New York and
Illinois elect only district delegates
in primary, and New York's primary
date has not yet been set.
The Associated Pressl
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1951-09-28
Historiette:
An Indion ToIe
About a Jew
BY FRANK SIMONS
Gan American Jewish Press
Feature)

The Jewish community of De-
troit, in joining the city in cele-
brating it's 250th birthday ami
versary this year, has uncovered
a number of tales concerning
early Jewish settlers. One tale
concerns a trader, Chapman Levy,
one of the first Jews in the area.
In 1853 when Pontiac, chief of
the Indians, united the various
tribes, Chapman Levy was cap
tured, but rescued by a French
trader who hid him. He was safe
until betrayed by false friends,
them recaptured by the Indians
who were to burn him at the
stake.
The fire being hot, Levy asked
the Indians, as his final wish, for
a cooling drink. When the liquid
was brought, it was hot from the
flames and Levy scalded himself.
He was so angered that he took
the bowl and threw it at the In
dian who had given it to him.
The superstitious Indians took
up the cry, Hes mad, he's mad"
and Levy was let free to conduct
several more years of trading.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1951-09-28

National Administrative Council
of the z. o. A. and Chairman of
the Committee for World General
Zionist Affairs.
During the summer of 1916,
foreigner made a trip to Europe
for the purpose of organizing the
scattered remnants of General
ZioniSts there. His efforts were of
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1951-09-28
NEW SMYRNA beach, FLORIDA
A Controversial Figure

A member of one of the most distinguished
families in per-war Europe, Jacques foreigner
arrived in the United States in 1910. He soon be-
came one of the most controversial figures in
American Zionism.
A member of the Executive of the Zionist
Organization of America and the son of the late
Zionist leader Numa Torczyner Jacques is presi-
dent of the Manhattan Region of the z. o. A.
He has held the post of Vice. Chairman Of the
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1951-09-28

Importance in the formation of
the World Confederation of Cen
eral Zionists.
In Belgium, Mr.. foreigner was
editor of the official publication
of the Belgium Zionist Federation
and leader of the Zionist Youth
Movement in that country.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-03-30
We Told
You SO

The Toledo u n o n Journal
takes bitter satisfaction in re-
ferring our readers to the edi-
ton of September 8, 1850.
At that time, no new wage
boosts could be used to blame
the swelling price gouge on La
Dor. There was, on September 8,
only the Korean War for an ex-
cuse to gouge.
But we told you then - and
we remind you now - that be-
fore long L b or woul d be
blamed for the initiation bust
ness was busily creating. If La
Dor, squeezed by rising costs,
went after correcting wage in
creases the Journal predicted,
it's demands for more money
would be cited as inflationary.
That's just what happened.
Let us remind you again that
every new penny on the cost of
living, up to now, is manage
ment penny-conceived by bust
ness, executed by business, and
reaped by business in a harvest
of profits that busted through
the roof.
The price freeze" has now
cracked down on this by saying:
"You don't have to give back
what you gouged - but don't
gouge any more-MUCHp
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-03-30

international UAW-CIO Con-
vention opens for business and
we of the Tube Unit will support
the policies of our leaders, Wal
ter Reuther, Emil Mazey, Liv-
ingstone and our own c h u c k
Ballard and Richard T. Gosser.
Good luck to all of you.
Twill do my best to write you
a column of the convention hap
penings.
Anna May has consented to
give you the news next week,
so help her out and really fill
the paper.
There's always two sides to
everything. It was proved when
Nick asked his wife how she
baked the cake and she replied,
II clipped the recipe out of a
magazine" and Nick said "You
must have used the other side
as that contains the directions
for making a rock garden"
That transplanted Mississippi
rebel coon hunter John (Pappy)
Dalton claims he still is sick.
Drop over and check up.
The climate out Dorr must be
bad as this is the second week
for Julius, Alice and Elsie to be
absent, and by the way anybody
called Andy Bloomfield lately?
Overheard on a bus that We
are going to have women re-
cruiting officers. So the boys
can see what they are fighting
for.
Agreeable Jones alias Fray
says things have gone up since
he was in the hardware business.
The only man who can smoke
the same cigar all night.
You folks get after those news
items and turn them in to us and
we will publish them.
Don't forget no Unit meeting
April 1st, but be there April 9th
and hear the news about your
Profit-Sharing Plan. So long till
then.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-03-30
BUNTING
BITS"
by Norman MeiIink

Who Are We?
Just bunch Of boys from
across the tracks, local IA,
that is) who are trying to say
hello" to the rest Of the Auto
Workers in Region 2-B, and
the CIO in this area. We are
taking on this chore through the
good ffices of our estimabIe
friend and colleague, one John
Ullnan, and we hope to build
a little better feeling up for the
good of the Union as a whole.
In any initial publication we
would expect that introductions
are in order, so here goes; (H
you don't care for a list of names
and titles you'd better break
it off here.)- Our Shop Commit
tee is made up of yours truly
as Shop Chairman, Paul Shar-
rock as Vice Chairman, Brice
Pennen as Recording Secretary,
and John Bender, Ted Fleck.
Paul Frederick, Ed Warszawski,
John White, >and Terry Sew
renee onthe Committee. We are
further represented by Chief
Stewards Rollie Fink and Emery
Chizman. AS we have % addi-
tional Stewards, plus an Educa-
tional Director and a Sergeant
at Arms, we don't believe that
this is the time or the place to
60 into all their names. We will
attempt to gather little stories,
from time to time, affecting
those people, at which time we
will try to remember their Of
ficial titles so as not to cause
any hurt feelings.
To take off into the wide blue
yonder, we would like to pre-
sent the Kefauver Of the week
in the person of one Jim Kelt-
ing, Educational Director Of the
Unit and one Of our top stew
ards.
You know Jim is one of those
rare individuals who does not
necessarily accept whatever 10
told to him, but is continually
trying to figure out the why and
wherefore Of every situation
that confronts our people in the
shop. We have seen this boy
come = long way since our
earlier organizing days, and our
chapeaus are dotted to his mo
dus operandi." When this lad
handles a grievance, you may
rest assured that any Sea Law
yer, even q IA carat one, will
soon find himself in hot water
if he is merely trying to angle
shoot the Contract. You had
better have case boys, or steer
clear Of this guy, or he win
shoot you full of holes. He
knows contracts and he can't be
fooled. Don't let his diplomacy
take you in, or he may give you
the HALEY treatment.
Keep up the good work, Jim,
the Committee recognizes good
Steward when they see one.
That's all for now. Well see
you next week from the UAW
Convention. we hope.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-03-30

our employees recalled. You can
help some little boy or girl go
to Local IL Summer Camp by
saving your sales tax stamps. We
have a box at the Union Desk
for you to leave them in. This is
worthy cause, your coopera-
ton will be appreciated.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-03-30
NoiionoI Supply
Elects Officers

National Supply unit officers
for 1851 will be headed by Roy
McGinnis, reelected in balloting
completed March IL.
Elected to serve with McGin-
mis- were G gorge Pund, vice
chairman, Carl Lang, secretary,
Meredith (Buzz) Price, treasur-
er.
Committeeman will be Ray
Thurman, AL Lohbauer, Benny
Epstein, Wesley (Hummer) Har-
ris, Chuck Bassler, Frank Ger
minski, Leroy Trimmer, Earl
Thompson, r lie Fredericks,
Cliff Calkins and Harmon Lee.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-03-30
Auxiliary
Annex
By GEN MEILINK

Hello again. Aux. No. z9 Is
back with you again TO bring
more information regarding our
organization. A Board meeting
was held on Tuesday night in
the home of our President,
Amelia Berning, and more plans
were drawn UP for our year
ahead concerning education, so
cial activities, etc. Our main
project is one which is Of fore
most interest, I believe, to every
one i'm the working class of peo-
pie. Namely, the investigation
of the Price Sterilization pro-
gram. Yours truly has been as
signed to write to our. own
Mike" Disable to get what in
formation we can on the subject,
and although we are q very
small minority, with co-opera-
ton from the Local Unions we
should be able to find some ways
to combat the situation.
Last week tried to give you
a general idea of what our Aux.
stood. for, and I neglected to
tell you in what way we coop
crate with the Local Union. We
have a kitchen over there which
comes in very handy in case of
a strike in any of our units, as
it is open "a hours a day to take
care of the boys on the picket
line, so that they may come over
for hot meals. Some units have
also asked us to open the kitchen
for serving refreshments at their
unit parties, etc.
/ sincerely believe too, that
there are a good many women
who could stand a little educa-
tion which they could get from
the Aux. along the lines Of union
activities. That I know, speak
ing from experience, because
what ! have gotten out Of it, has
really come In handy. For ex-
ample, when the Bunting Brass
was out on strike for Is weeks,
things got rather rugged at
times, but / learned a lot about
unions and other strike cases
which were much worse than the
one we encountered. To tell you
the truth about it, there were
several women / talked with on
the phone during the strike that
had a lot to learn about things
like that. My husband being
shop chairman at Buntings, our
phone rang steadily all hours Of
the day and night, and I will
say the majority of the people
were wonderful to talk with.
In fact, ] gained several women
friends from the shop through
those conversations. Then on the
other hand, there were some
who gave me more grief than I
knew how to cope with. There
were a couple Of them whom
I found out afterwards were
from the shop, because they had
to make their brags to the wrong
people that they had called the
chairman's wife and told her
what they thought. Needless to
say, they failed to tell others
what I told them was my opin-
ion. Then there were others
whom / had reason to belive
were wives of Bunting employ
ees, that ! am sure would have
taken a different attitude if they
had had the proper education
beforehand. Let's all try and
prepare ourselves for these situa-
tions, so that we may be a little
more broad minded, instead of
so selfish.
Will be with you next week
with more news of our work.
RECORD
Ohio diSuualifieS and refuses
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-03-30
AIR-wAY
AIRINGs

80
Back again folks: We hope
everybody had a fine and happy
Easter and still have dough left
in the old sock.
1 don't know what happened
to last weeks article, perhaps it
got lost in the shuttle.
You folks that couldn't at
tend the last Unit meeting sure
missed a good one, but we re-
allied how bad the weather was.
On our sick list are: Gertrude
Dorf, Mary Rein and Harry Ar
mold. Selma Pheils, Lorna Cott-
rell and Ann Bloomfield are all
back among us after having the
"f1u."
Mrs. Koch is back from visit
ing her daughter, lucky her, her
daughter lives in sunny Florida.
Congratulations 60 to Mr.. and
Mrs, Ed Carlton who celebrated
their ,26th Wedding Anniversary
last week. We. hope you have
many more.
Last week the mems bowling
team had their head pin tourna-
ment. Pet Bronkie and Bill Dutt-
ridge tied for first place with a
score of 102. They say they will
settle it with cream pies at 10
PAGES. John Konwinski was high
in average with 1856, team 4 g.
are tied for first place.
Has anybody seen the names
of the girls teams? Here are
few: Ball and Chain, Goof Balls,
Stinkers, Sure Shots, Five Aces
and Scrubs.
Well, look who made Honor
Roll on the girls team, Marie
Daunhauer with a score of 195,
the Goof Balls were high in
team standings. sae
Corky has taken the title Of
sucker this week, but he
claims he was double-crossed
Oy Joe SWa-Wa. tI
John Stone from the Machine
Shop was q little worried last
week, with the copper and brass
shortage In our plant, some one
told him that the Company was
planning on using his Golf Tro-
ply to make brass washers. AT
this writing the Trophy is still
safe in the Union Office.
Easter sure makes us wish we
were young again to enjoy
Easter baskets and egg hunts.
We overheard a conversation
where one of our heavier en-
ployees insists he have a Easter
basket. We wonder if he still Is
trying to figure out who lays
the eggs, the Bunny or the
Chickens. "Don't worry Mike,
we were all young once"
Well the fishing arguments
have started it seems that some
say you have to have license
to fish in Lake Erie and some
say you don't, SO hope this ar
ticle from The Times will help.
There still appears to be many
discussions as to whether an
angler needs license to fish in
the waters of Lake Erie !. Any
adult hook and line fisherman,
fishing anywhere i'm the Ohio
waters of Lake Erie, needs an
Ohio fishing license &. In On
tario waters he needs an Ontario
license and in Michigan waters
of Lake Erie he does not need
one if fishing for bullheads, carp,
perch, crappies, saugers, and fish
of that nature Ohio game
protectors made many arrests
last year of anglers in Lake Erie
who were fishing without Ii
cenSe.
Exec. Shop Committee report,
we have good news this week.
First the Company has notified
us that production schedules are
going up the first of April, which
means a recall of some of our
oY,1p1ovanS Secondly the Exec
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-03-30
TOLEDO UNION JOURNAL
lNv([<(NV<NSSVVV<SVM
TOUT or
|ANtlTHE
|WTJBE

nERB' RUSSELL

Howdy Folks: Well Easter has
come and passed again, and did
you know it will be 1O2 years
or the year 2052 before Easter
comes this early again.
1t is spring, and nature, en-
tombed these past dark months,
arises. Life which had seemed
gone returns and will soon pro-
claim itself in a thousand mir
acles of color and sound and
fragrance.
The shop philosopher opined
that perhaps an al-wise govern
ment was giving us the crime
sensation on the fr o mt page,
while the real business was be-
hind the scenes getting the
bombs ready-may be.
The Mud Hens open the ball
season on April 18th. Want to
make bet on the finish?
Last Friday a weird looking
vehicle rolled up in front of the
shop and Hogan, the Boat King
lowered a ladder and crawled
down. The Toledo Edison has
made him an offer - wants to
use it instead of ladder plat
form trusk.
May I inform you again to
save those tax stamps and old
newspapers. If you have a
friend in business, ask If you
can put a stamp box in. People
are willing to cooperate if they
understand. Please help the
kids.
Bring the youngsters down to
Local No. IL on Saturday morn
ing. A nice show and prizes are
given them. Our Unit will sup
ply the gifts this week.
Will wonders never cease?
The long boy who has always
been so short is buying, and
that well-known Scotch Kegler
In the welding dept. cashed his
own check last Friday and said
"set 'em up" s
Franks team in the CIO
League really gave the league
leaders a drubbing. Shame on
you fellows for knocking the
Tube out of the lead.
Seen Phil in the shop today
and he was as full of fish stories
as ever. He is now enjoying one
Of those pensions.
Just to remind all Of you
folks who are off sick with
colds, that the company finally
is devising way to load trucks
with the doors closed.
A down time reason given by
a welder last week - putting
match sticks under light switch.
it be cheaper to have
an electrician fix it?
Memo to Carl about the lack
Of hot water. The tank as of
now hasn't been moved.
While doing your shopping
down town, stop in at GIL
Huron st. Our old friend Jake
Stahl is operating the CIO Club.
He will welcome you and serve
you well.
We thank you for your con-
tribution to the Red Cross. A
most worthy cause and we can
remember we only have what
we give.
Wonder how Miss Ward en-
joyed her Florida vacation?
Glad to see Ted Bylow back
on the job, and would be happy
TO see Irv Mason return to work.
Did you know Toledo needs
a new daily newspaper?
John Szady has a boat and
motor for sale. st
Red Meter says he still has
the home in Waterville for sale
"a nice one. =
Andy Berg has promised the
night shift sandwiches. He won
the Easter ham.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-03-30
RECORD

RECORD
Ohio disqualifies and refuses
to pay more unemployment COM
pensation claims than any other
industrial state in the nation.