davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-06-12
General Recalls
Meeting With Mao

Chairman Russell. During
the period in which we were en-
gagged in hostilities against Japan.
there were these two conflicting
elements in China. the National
lists, Of course, who were much
stronger than the Communists at
that time, and they were the ones
that we were supplying, and recog-
Inizing as the government of China
but SO long as the conflict with
Japan was in progress we did un-
dertake, did we not. as matter
of national policy. to unite the
two conflicting elements, reconcile
their differences In so far as pos
sible. in order that both of them
might employ their whole forces
against Japan. Was that our pol
icy?
Gen. Wedemeyer-That Is cor
rect. sir. My mission out there
was to bring about co-ordinated
and effective employment Of Al
Evening star., 1951-06-12
Wedemey Chinese Important

with Chinese Nationalist forces to
insure,
(a) That order would be main
|tained in those critical, areas. and
(b) That the Nationalist gov
|ernment troops would have the
opportunity to control those areas
instead Of the Chinese Communist
troops.
I should like to repeat. gentle
|men-there was not, in my mind.
lat least, any idea that the mes
sage quoted out of context by
Secretary Of State Acheson-there
was no idea that that message
conveyed my approval Of any sug-
|gestion that coalition govern
|ment should or could be accom-
|pliShed in China.
Evening star., 1951-06-12
General Explains
ASSIGNMENT Shifts

Senator Smith-General, die
you request relief from your as
signment as Deputy Chief of Stafl
in the War Department in 1949;
Gen. Wedemeyer-I did. sir.
Senator Smith-Could you tel
us why you asked for that relief
&C -eral?
Gen. Wedemeyer-That's a very
difficult question for me to an.
swer.
I had served in the department
for a number of years, and from
time to time I made suggestions
along policy lines. and those sug.
gestions were not accepted or i'm.
Iplemented.
I wouldn't like to convey the
impression that I felt that my
suggestions were always right. Ir
the field OF strategy there are Q
lot of inponderables and in.
tangibles that can give rise to diff
ferent views and opinions. Blu
with developing events in th'
world I found that the suggestion.
I made were sound and in tn.
interest Of America. And I fell
frustrated. I knew that I coult
go out to the 9Th Army. which
have done, and carry out orders
and I have done that for the pas
two years, sir, to the best of m!
ability.
The policies, the plans fol
American action in the West ant
in the East I did not agree with
I don't believe men in uniform
should formulate or enunciat,
policy. I believe that the civilian
control should continue.
I have lived in countries, IL
Germany. for example. where tn
military controlled. and I don't be
lieve in it. But I do think tina
some military men have uniqu,
opportunities to obtain informa
ton and to have experience tina
would be helpful to our country
and I think these men should b,
used. .
1 thought that I wasn't beint
used in that capacity. sir, so
asked for relief. Gen. Bradle,
was very kind: he gave me on,
of the choicest assignments in tn,
Army, that is, away from tn,
policy making. -.
Senator Smith. Now gen
eral, are you familiar with tn,
four objectives or major point.
established by Gen. Macarthur
concerning our Far Eastern policy
the points that he mentioned II
his address to the joint session?
Gen. Wedemeyer-I just read al
the testimony. sir, that he gave;
I have read all of that. and I be.
lieve I could recall all of the foul
objectives, the major objectives
that he developed; yes, sir.
Senator Smith, have mere the
points I think that he made, and
I can just refresh your recollec-
Evening star., 1951-06-12
Witness Gives View
lon Martin

Senator Bridges-Gen. Wede-
meyer. if you had been in Gen.
MacArthur's position and received
"a letter from Congressman Joe
Martin, what action would you
have taken?
Gen. Wedemeyer--. If I had
been the theater commander, II
I had been soap, Supreme Com
|mander, Allied Powers, and re-
|ceived a letter from Mr.. Martin
|or any member of the House OF
Senate, I would answer that letter
Frankly. I would answer the
Questions posed. I would ask that
that information be kept conf
dental.
also would have written to
my immediate bosses, that Is, the
Evening star., 1951-06-12
Wedemeyer Urges Tolerance
OF Allies, End of Suspicion

1t. Gen. Wedemeyer suggested,
at the Macarthur hearings yester-
day that Senator Hickenlooper,
Republican, of Iowa, was too in
tolerant of the United Nations
allies in the Korean war.
Senator Hickenlooper had ques-
toned whether other United Ma
tions members were doing their
full part in the Korean war. He
mentioned Britain among others
as having troops "in perhaps
Burma" and elsewhere which
could be deployed to the Korean
front.
They have in Malaga, sir, and
the French in Indo-C China. and
the British have through the
Evening star., 1951-06-12

able to take over the arms and
the equipment of the defeated
Japanese forces. instead of having
those arms and equipment avail
able to the Communists: at least,
I would have taken them over and
made them available to the Chi
neSe Central government, the gov
ernment which my Government
recognized at the time, and was
supporting as far as I knew.
Evening star., 1951-06-12

But as long as his mission required
him to create conditions in Korea
where. as I understand 1t, we
would get a government that is
compatible with ours and other
lfree-country governments in the
world, and wherein conditions are
to be created whereby those peo-
pie can determine how and by
whom they are to be governed
without intimidation, then the
government should support him to
the hilt, and there should be no
restriction whatsoever to the en-
ployment of his forces. The lives
OF our men are involved.
implications Needed Study.
And I personally think he
should have been authorized to
bomb bases and to take any meas
ures necessary to accomplish his
mission.
Now, the people who issued his
directive should carefully have
studied the implications Of that
mission. and he should never be
given a mission that requires him
to bomb bases or that involves the
bombing Of bases and the blockade
OF a coast if they did not want to
involve that country in a war. j..
Senator Saltonstall-Now, may
l ask you another question in con-
nection with that; looking to the
future, is it your opinion that we
Should serve our best interests of
security and our responsibilities to
obtain a more peaceful world by
backing the Nationalist govern
ment of Chang Kai-shek as the
government Of China?
Supports Chang Regime.
Gen. Wedemeyer-. There
has been considerable discussion
about the worthiness of this ally.
of Chang Kai-shek, for example,
and his government.
Gentlemen. I am not obligated
to anybody in China, not to an
individual or to a group in China.
I conducted myself out there a.
you would want me to.
In my Judgment, today. Chang
Kai-shek. and his government. il
Continued on Page AS, Col. ~
Evening star., 1951-06-12
Request for Troops
InMonchuriuDenied

Senator Knowland-. Gould
you give us any background as to
whether or not in the period i'm
mediately following VJ-Day there
had been any suggestions from
the theater or otherwise that it
might be advisable to temporarily
hold Manchuria with United
States forces until either a u. N
you did not use the word
''trusteeship" but guardianship
was set up?
Gen. Wedemeyer-Yes, sir. ]
radioed to the Joint Chiefs OF
Staff Immediately after the war
indicating my view that the Chi
nese National government woule
be unable to restore order south
of the Great Wall and concur
rently recover and rehabilitate
Manchuria.
was concerned, as I indicated
yesterday, with the intentions
and the capabilities of the Soviet
in that area.
did submit to the authorities
q request for seven divisions
American divisions, to be made
available to me Immediately after
the war, and I intended to en-
ploy them in Manchuria, again tx
preclude unilateral action on thu
part of the Soviet in that ares
until the situation stabilized.
That request was referred tx
the commander of the Far East
Gen. Macarthur, and he was un'
certain about the attitude of tht
Japanese.
Japs Were Cooperative.
When he reoccupied-when h
occupied their homeland, it turne,
out that they were docile and CO
operative, but he had no way o
knowing that at this time, and h
required those divisions in his oc
cupation of Japan, and he refuse
to make them available to mt
and there were no other division
made available.
visualiZed, as ] stated, placin
those divisions up in the NORTH
placing a barrier there SO that
would know hat was going O.
and could influence what was &c
Ing on.
i would have liked to have I -
Evening star., 1951-06-12

Middle East to protect what
might call international interests
Of the Allies" the general said.
I'm my view they are protecting
their own colonial empire" SEN
ator Hickenlooper snapped.
We'll, then you see. SIR" Gen
Wedemeyer said. there is the
motive for the atmosphere OF
suspicion. and we have got tc
eliminate that. Senator. if you
will pardon me. We have really
got to begin to trust each other
in this business.
Now you are factual person
and you want evidence. You want
the British to prove their worth.
ines of that trust. I think they
are the finest ally we have. sir
Evening star., 1951-06-12
Witness Doubted
Marshall Success

Senator George. Were you
in China when Gen. Marshall went
over
Gen. Wedemeyer-Yes, sir, ! was
commanding the theater when he
arrived in December of As. sir.
Senator George. ;. Were you in
continuous close touch with him
while he was in China?
Gen. Wedemeyer. Up to the
time Of my departure, Senator
George, I was in close contact
with him either by radio or per-
sonal contact. About once a week
/ flew to Chungking to see him
and to talk to the generals
Slmo. -.
Senator George. Now how
did Gen. Marshall interpret to
you his directive, general?
Gen. Wedemeyer. Well, I read
Senator George. And what
was your Interpretation of 1t.
Was Dubious of Success.
Gen. Wedemeyer. Well, his
directive substantially required
him to broaden the base Of the
government, as I recall the
lphraseology, broaden the base Of
the government, and visualizec
the amalgamation of Communist
and Nationalist forces, and I hae
had a very wonderful relation
ship with Gen. Marshall during
the first three years of the war
sir. Because of that wonder
full relationship that I had en-
Ijoyed earlier, I told him very
frankly that in my judgment he
could not accomplish that mis-.
sion.
His mission was one that ]
thought was just like mixing oil
and water, sir. I explained to him
that from my observation there
the Nationalist forces, as the
chairman has developed in hi
questioning, at wars end they con-
trolled the largest area and the
most people in China. r
They had the most power. ano
they were determined not to re-
linquish any of that power.
My observations further indi-
Gated at that time that the Com
munists had a little power. ano
they were determined to have al
of it-all Of it. ..
Senator George. Now. gen
eral. with regard to Formosa, wa!
| it your understanding that thu
naval and military commanders ii
China regarded Formosa as vita
to a defense of the Far East-th,
western area Of the Far East?
Gen. Wedemeyer-You NEAR
the American
Senator George-Yes. sir; the
American leaders. military leader
I am speaking Of now.
Gen. Wedemeyer-Yes, sir.
I think that Formosa was con.
sidered. among the people with
whom I discussed Formosa-a.
very important to our security. i
was an element, an important seq.
ment in a chain Of bases right
along of the coast that enabled
us to neutralize any offensive ac-
tion on the part of a potentia.
enemy. :.
Evening star., 1951-06-12

bkOk1 VA GlACAA, AAl0 WO41A bC AL
Iterested in your comments on
those points.
First was to continue to inten-
sify now the economic blockade
of trade with China.
OF course. we are going ahead
with that. and have made real
success in that since Gen. Mac
Arthur made his statement to the
ICongress-the economic blockade
and I assume that you would
be in sympathy with that from
the standpoint Of the warfare in
Korea. and our effort in Korea?
| Would Blockade Reds.
| General Wedemeyer-Yes, sir.
|. I definitely believe that we
should economically blockade any
area where communism is rife. I
would not permit the Communists
In any area to consolidate against.
and to fulfill their promises of
power and riches. and strength to
the people: I would do everything
I could to destroy communism
everywhere, and economically,
through the economic weapon, we
can accomplish a great deal, sir.
It was the economic weapon
that defeated Germany in World
War I. 1t was not on the battle
field of World War I that the
Allies won ultimate victory.
Senator Smith-Well now. the
next point, which was one that
was supported by Admiral Sher-
man when he appeared before us,
with regard to a naval blockade of
China-but he took the position,
of course, that we know, from the
press and here, that should be
done by the United Nations, and
not unilaterally by the United
States; that is the next step to
an economic blockade.
! Gen. Wedemeyer-Yes, sir. In
my Judgment. every step that we
take should be done through the
United Nations, as long as we sup
port that international organiza-
ton. every step we take. -.
/ Agrees With Sherman.
Now then, I do agree with Ad-
miral Sherman, therefore, that
the United Nations naval forces
should be employed to effect q
blockade of any Communist-con-
|trolled area that is causing us
concern or trouble and ieopardiz-
ling the peace.
! Senator Smith-Would you 60
a step further. and in the event
THAT we could not get our col
leagues at the United Nations to
go along with us on that, do you
think we should consider a naval
blockade unilaterally. in the light
of the jeopardy that our boys are
lin in Korea. and the strength
that it might give them if the
!; Chinese were pressed by the block
ade Of the China coast? ...
Gen. Wedemeyer - Senator
Smith, If any of these peoples
refuse to 60 along with us in this
common objective Of stopping the
advance of communism, their al
.Iternative is enslavement Of minc
, and body. and we ought to make
lit crystal clear to them that oul
way is a selflesS, Christian ap.
, proach to international problems;
and if they don't follow us they
have the alternative Of enslave-
, ment.
I can't imagine any civilized
nation not going along with us
II just can't understand that prem
Use or that conjecture on the part
Of some people.
If they don't 60 along with us
II say we go alone. because we
,have right. as I understand right
ION ollr side.
Evening star., 1951-06-12
|Wedemeyer Backs
Move Aqoinst Reds

Senator SaltonStall- ]
would like to ask you, with rela-
ton to the ending of the war
in Korea-now, our policy, as
stated by MIR. Acheson, would
, 1951-02-27

major league baseball. "Jackie
should be greatly appreciated" he
said, because if he had failed
there would not have been any
possible chance for anybody like
me in big league baseball.
Dolby said:
"Of course we know of no other
manager but Boudreau, we have
played under no n else but him.
We considered him a great ball
player and a grand guy. W. feel
that he will do a grand job on
his new assignment"
Appearing at a luncheon held
in his honor at the Charles hotel,
Dolby said the Cleveland players
were sorry to see Boudreau leave
but they felt that AL Lopez was a
good replacement. If the young
players came through all right
Cleveland will win the pennant,
he said.
At the luncheon the Cleveland
outfielder cast a solid vote for
Baseball Commissioner A. B.
Chandler and Pabst Blue Ribbon
beer. He stated that he felt that
Chandler should be reelected,
and he also voted that the beer
which his company made was the
best.
While here, Dolby also spoke to
the Police Boys club, students at
Howard university and appeared
before the members Of Elks Col
umbia Lodge N. IS, on Monday
, 1951-02-27
Dolby Visits D. G..
BY ALICE A.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 81, (ANP)
Negro players in major league
baseball has done much toward
creating interracial good will and
understanding, according to Larry
Dolby, center fielder for the Cleve-
land indians.
While stopping in Washington
for a few days during his good
will tour for Pabst Blue Ribbon
Beer, Dolby was the guest of honor
at Club 2O11 on it's "Blue Tues
day" last week. Speaking there be-
fore a capacity crowd of 800 he
told Of the good baseball has done
toward bringing together people
, 1951-02-27
from all sections.

On the team, he said, many of
the southern boys resented him
at first because they had never
had the opportunity before to live
with, and work with Negroes. 1t
did not take them long to learn
that it is character and PERSONAL
ty which counts in an individual,
not the color of his skin.
Now, he claimed, he can truth
fully say that both he and Luke
Easter get along marvelously with
the rest of the team without any
thought of race. We all have
in common" he said,
"and we get along SWELL"
Dolby praised Jackie Robinson,
the first Negro to crack modern
, 1951-02-27

Seated before a record player in
their Massillon, O., home, Mr.. and
Mrs. Ralph Walsh heard a radio
transcription of a telephone con-
.versation between their two soldier
sons stationed in foreign lands
10000 miles apart.
The conversation took place be-
tween Frederick j. Walsh, 10, a
first class private, the first Amer
lean soldier wounded in the Korean
conflict, and his brother, Ralph
Walsh, Jr., 81, a corporal in a
U. S. Air Force medical group
stationed in Weisbadhen, Germany.
, 1951-02-27

Fred, attached to the army gen.
eral headquarters in Tokyo, Jap
an, didn't know that he was to
speak with his brother until the
call arrived from halfway around
the world. They talked for five
minutes.
Strafed by enemy fighter planes
while setting up an advance signal
headquarters in Suwon air base
for General Macarthur, Fred re-
ceived an arm wound. He was
awarded the Purple Heart and a
citation for bravery beyond the
call of duty.
, 1951-02-27

1t is entirely possible that when the history of our
emotional discovery of democracy is written it will be
found to have sprung from our obligation to teach it to
our enemies. In our war with Germany, the dynamic was
theological and idealistic. We were called upon to curb
the fanatical ambitions of the leaders of Germany to i'm
pose upon the world the concept of a super-race. We.
went to war with Germany to suppress this racialism,
while practicing it starkly and almost unconsciousy, with
in the very army of liberation.
Our reasons for conquest with Japan was to sup
press the conception and ambitions OF an Asiatic super
race. In both instances our dilemma was the same: Our
mission became that Of converting our enemy to a more
humanitarian conception Of the dignity of mans equality
OF opportunity, freedom and sound justice even before we
had mastered fully the social implications of this phil
osophy in action, within our own state and national econo-
my.
The results of the study of the Japanese situation,
which appeared as a report by the American educators
of the japanese Mission, recommended, as a basis for
educational reconstruction, and the eventual democratl-
cation of japanese society several reforms in the pre-ex-
istng educational system.
First, the decentralization OF the administrative
machinery of education.
Second, the broadening of compulsory education,
with a longer period in co-educatonal, unsupported
schools.
Third, the establishment of three years upper
secondary school, to follow the nine years of compulsory
elementary and lower-secondary school.
Fourth, the expansion and improvement of teach
er training practices and programs, with the development
of normal schools into four-year institutions of higher
learning.
And finally, the freeing of higher education from
governmental control, and the establishment of economic
and academic freedom.
It is needless to say that the ultimate ends of a
democratic society have not been totally achieved in A
merica, or, in any of the democratic countries. It is, how
ever, a fundamental creed which has the broad support|
of the structure of government, while giving direction to
the social institutions of the American society.
AS William Graham Summer observed in discuss
ing the defects in our democratic machinery of govern
ment. "the cure for the evils of democracy is more demo-
cracy".
, 1951-02-27

night, before appearing as guest
of honor at the Club POLL on
Tuesday night.
The famous outfielder, who bat
ted 1926 last year, left Friday for
spring training at Tuscon, Ari-
IONA.
, 1951-02-27

PHONE YOUR NEWS TIPS to
The Dayton Daily Express by dial
ing MI-7634.
, 1951-02-27
Re-edueuting The Conquered

EDITORS NOTE: Todays guest editorial is taken from a state
ment issued by DR.. Charles S. johnson, president of Fisk Uni
versity, at a lecture sponsored by the Jewish Public Forum Board
at Temple Adath Israel in Louisville, Ky.
Evening star., 1951-05-10
BY The Associated Press

NEW YORK, May 10.-Is 1t true
what they say. about the duster
pitch? Does it really endanger
the life and limb of the batter?
Should the user Of this so-called
lethal missile be punished?
In recent days a great hue and
cry has been raised because Of
much high and close" pitching
that has batters going up and
down like yo-yos. 1t came to a
head when Brooklyn's Jackie Rob-
inson laid down a bunt along the
first base line and deliberately
bumped Sal Maglie after the
Giants pitcher had made him hit
the dirt.
The questions we're put to Enos
Slaughter of the Cardinals and
Eddie Stanky of the Giants, two
scrappers from the word "go," who
probably have been forced to 'bite
the dust" oftener than any Of their
contemporaries.
There's nothing wrong with the
duster," is Slaughter's surprising
reply. "That's part of baseball.
Why outlaw it? Just because few
panty WASTED cry babies are
afraid they might get their uni
forms dirty?
eff these little Lord Fauntleroys
Evening star., 1951-05-10
Manor and Argyle Swap
Women's S Golf Victories

Manor and Argyle Club women
were perfect hosts on the gol1
links yesterday.
Betty CARRIER of Argyle, playing
as a guest at Manor, won low
net honors in the ladies' day
tournament with a 78-5-73. Al
Argyle. meanwhile, Mrs. w. Beck
of Manor scored 80 points to wir
the ladies' tin, whistle tourna-
ment.
Mrs. Belle Sanford was runner.
up at Argyle with 111-34-77
Low net winner for the host club
was Mrs. Gil Levy with 92-17-75
followed by Charlotte Wooster
with 93-17-76.
Mrs. Charles Faller took low
putt fonors with 80, while Mrs
Dorothy Barnacle of Congress
sional was low for guests with So
Mrs. L. Moffett won the double
bogey at Manor with II. Mrs
c. B. Howard took putting honors
with 80.
Evening star., 1951-05-10

you could bet your life that next
one was going to sit him right on
his pants
Stanky, echoed Slaughter. The
spunky little second sacker said
he never once challenged pitcher
over the use of the duster.
That's his stock in trade" said
Stanky. Every good pitcher re-
sorts to that pitch every so often
Otherwise the batter would be
running down his neck"
Stanky said he couldn't under
stand why all the fuss over
nothing" as he called it.
"Just because that fellow in
Brooklyn-and you know who /
mean-can't take it, all Of a
sudden, the pitcher becomes the
villain. Pitchers have been throw
ing busters for years but it wasn't
until that guy started crying that
anybody took any notice Of it. ]
don't believe there is pitcher ir
baseball who throws at you with
Ia malicious intent to hit you.
There is only one way to react
to a duster. Just dig in and make
Iup your mind to blast the next
pitch out of the lot. That's the
answer of every good hitter to 6
dustoff pitcher. Crying won't help
1t will just encourage the pitcher
Ito serve you more Of the same.