davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1951-04-23
To Neutralize Sanctuary

Sd11CIudIy given the
enemy north of the Yalu, l felt
that military necessity in the
conduct of the war made neces-
sary-
Q) The intensification of our
economic blockade against China.
~ The imposition of a naval
blockade against the China coast.
(3) Removal of restrictions on
air reconnaissance of China's
coastal area and of Manchuria.
az Removal of restrictions on
the forces of the Republic of
China on Formosa, with logiStical
support to contribute to their
effective operations against the
Chinese mainland.
For entertaining these views,
all professionally designed to sup
port our forces committed to Ko-
rea and to bring hostilitieS to an
end with the least possible delay
and at a saving of countless
American and Allied lives, I have
been severely criticized in lay
circles, principally abroad, despite
my understanding that from a
military standpoint the above
views have been fully shared in
the past by practically every
military leader concerned with
the Korean campaign, including
our own Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Requested Reinforcements
I called for reinforcements, but
was informed that reinforcements
were not available. I made clear
that if not permitted to destroy
the enemy built-up bases north
of the Yalu, if not permitted to
utilize the friendly Chinese force
of some soc, 900 men on Formosa,
if not permitted to- blockade the
China coast to prevent the Chi
nese Reds from getting succor
from without, and if there were
to be no hope of major reinforce
ments, from the military stand
point forbade victory.
We could hold in Korea by con-
slant maneuver and at an app
proximate area where our supply
line advantages were in balance
with the supply line disadvan-
tages of the enemy, but we could
hope at best for only an indie
cisive campaign with it's terrible
and constant attrition upon our
forces if the enemy utilized his
full military potential.
/ have constantly called for the
new political decisions essential
to g solution.
Efforts have been made to dis
tort my position. It has been said
in effect that | was a warmonger.
Nothing could be further from
the truth.
/ know war as few other men
, 1951-04-23
Reformation of japanese

The Japanese people since the
war have undergone the greatest
reformation recorded in modern
history. With a commendable
will, eagerness to learn, and
marked capacity to understand,
they have from the ashes left in
wars wake erected in Japan an
ediice dedicated to the primacy
of individual liberty and personal
dignity, and in the ensuing proc
S there has been created a truly
representative government com
mitted to the advance of political
morality, freedom of economic
enterprise and social justice.
Politically, economically, and
socially, Japan is now abreast of
many free nations of the earth
and will not again fail the uni
versal trust. That it may be
counted upon to WELD a pro-
foundry beneficial influence over
the course of event in Asia is
attested by the magnificent man
ner in which the Japanese people
have met the recent challenge Of
war, unrest and confusion sur
rounding them from the outside,
and checked communism within
their own frontiers without the
slightest slackening in their for
ward progress.
I sent all four of our Occupa-
ton divisions to the Korean bat
tlefront without the slightest
qualms as to the effect of the re-
sulting power vacuum upon
Japan. The results fully justified
my faith.
I know of no nation more Sc
rene. orderly and industrious, nor
in which higher hopes can be en-
tertained for future constructive
service in the advance of the hui
man race.
Christian Nation
Of our former ward, the Phil
innines, we can look forward in
confidence that the existing I'M
rest will be corrected and a
strong and healthy nation will
grow in the longer aftermath Of
, 1951-04-23
settling international disputes.
The Problem Is Theological

Indeed, on the second day of
September, 1945, just following
the surrender of the japanese ma
ton on the battleship Missouri, 1
formally cautioned as follows:
Men since the beginning of
time have sought peace. Various
methods through the ages have
been attempted to devise an in
ternational process to prevent or
settle disputes between nations.
From the very start workable
methods were found in SO far as
individual citizens were con-
cerned, but the mechanics of an
fundamentally of larger interna-
tional scope have never been sue
cessful
Military alliances, balances of
power, leagues of nations, all in
turn failed, leaving the only path
to be by way of the crucible of
war. The utter destructiveness
of wal now blocks out this alter
native. If we will not devise
some greater and more equitable
system, our Armageddon will be
at our door. The problem basi-
cally is theological and involves a
spiritual recrudescence, an i'm
provement of human character
that will ~synchronize with our al
most matchless advances in sci
ence, art, literature and all ma
terial and cultural developments
OF the past 1000 years. It must
be of the spirit if we are to save
the flesh"
, 1951-04-23
No Substitute for Victory

But once was it forced upon
us, there is no other alternative
than to apply every available
means to bring it to a swift end.
Wars very object is victory, not
prolonged indecision.
In war there is no substitute for
victory.
There r Some who for varying
reasons would appease Red China.
They are blind to- history's clear
lesson, for history teaches with
unmistakable emphasis that ap-
peasement but begets new and
bloodier war. It points to no
single instance where this end
has justified that means, where
appeasement has led to more than
a sham peace.
Like blackmail, it lays the basis
for new and successfully greater
demands until, as in blackmail, it
violence becomes the only other
alternative. Why, my soldiers
asked of me, surrender military
advantages to an enemy in the
field? l could not answer.
Some may say to avoid spread
of the conflict into an about wal
with China. Others, to avoid So
Wet intervention. Neither explana
ton seems valid, for China is al
ready engaging with the maxi
mum power it can commit, and
the Soviet will not necessarily
mesh its actions with our moves.
Like a cobra, any new enemy will
more likely strike whenever If
feels that the RELATIVELY in military
Continued on page ~
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
In Short...

RejOined: BY organized labor, all
the defense agencies it boycotted two
months ago in a dispute over mobili-
cation policies.
Exported: BY Britain to Communist
China within the past three months,
goods valued at $3,6l4,8OO-including
some steel and aircraft.
Indicted: BY a New York grand
jury, IL college basketball players on
bribery charges involving payoffs to-
falling $40,75O within the past three
years.
Confirmed: By the Senate, W. Stuart
Symington as head Of the Reconstruc-
ton Finance Corporation, although
former President Herbert Hoover told
a committee the agency should be
abolished.
Convicted: BY federal court, Rep.
Walter q. Brehm (R-Ohio) Of illegally
taking campaign funds from an Office
employe.
appropriated: BY Iran, all proper
ties Of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Co., in
a move to nationalize its oil industry.
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
Message for Americans

WSSSOSO IOI americans
An American businessman is back
home after II months in a communist
Jail as a confessed" American spv.
Still unexplained, however, is the pre-
else means by which the Russians and
their satellites coerce hapless victims
into cOnfessing crimes against the
state.
The businessman is Robert A. Voge-
Ter, 80, vice president of the Interna-
tlonal Telephone and Telegraph Com
pany. Sentenced to Is years, he was
released April % by the Hungarian
government after a deal with the
United States.
In return for Vogeler's freedom. this
country agreed to reopen Hungarian
consulates in New York and Cleve-
land, lift the ban on American travel
to Hungary and restore Hungarian
property in western Germany.
Mental and Physical Pressure
Pale and shaken by his ordeal
fourteen and one-half months in soli-
tary confinement-Vogeler said his
confession had been obtained after
mental and physical pressure. In
Vienna he broke down before news
reel cameras trying to deliver what
he called a "very important message
for the American people" but insisted
on going on after a brief rest. Here
is what he said:
The American people must be
made aware of what can happen.
Il feel every individual American
should realize that what happened to
me can happen to them.
"If we don't all band together to
destroy these enemies Of individual
freedom, independence and liberty
of the right of a person to go where
he wants and say what he wants to
say without hindrance.
''You never realize what freedom
means until you lose it!"
Wracked by Ordeal
Vogeler gave the appearance of a
man with haunting memory and a
secret he wished to tell but could not.
He left behind in Jail another I.T.GlT.
official, Eric Sanders, a British sub
ject, also convicted of spying.
In Vienna after his release, Vogeler
had to be given sedatives before he
could sleep at night. His wife, who
took up residence in Vienna during
negotiations for his release, said:
%Oh, what they have done to him!
He was such strong man and now
he is weak as baby and so nervous!
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
The WORLD This WEEK
KOREA: Do Reds Want a Local War Too?

9HE United States does not ap-
i pear to be the only nation
anxious to hold the fighting in Ko-
rea to the status of a local war"
Withholding of airpower from
the current Chinese offensive is an
indication that Red China and Soviet
Russia-temporarily at least-do not
want to run the risk of a "big war"
Washington officially let it be
known that attacking Red planes. un-
like the ground invaders, would be
pursued north of the Yalu River and
have their bases bombed.
Mysterious Red Air Force
It is known the Chinese \Commu.
nists have concentrated considerable
air power inside the Manchurian
sanctuary. Estimates of Russian-nlade
jets and conventional fghter-bombers
there have run as high as 5000.
Little has been seen in the air Of
this mysterious Red air force. Ameri-
can authorities are anxious to exam-
inc the RusSian-manufactured MIG
155 jet fighter but all shot down in
combat have fallen far within enemy
lines.
Good military strategy would have
called for saturation bombing and
strafing in preparation for such a mas
sive offensive as the Chinese Comnu-
nists have mounted in Korea. The
Communists appear to have this kind
of airpower in Manchuria and yet
they did not use it in the initial
stages
How long this aerial support will
continue to be withheld, especially if
the Red offensive bogs down, is a mat
ter of great significance.
Some strategists believe the Red
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
CRIME: The Kefauver Reporr

publican nominee for President in
1914 and 1948, until a short time be-
fore committee hearings opened in
New York City.
Luciano Case
It viewed with skepticfsm Gov.
Dewey's committing the Jail sentence
Of Charles Lucky" Luciano. vice
overload, for valuable information''
given the Navy in wartime before the
invasion of his native Italy. The COM
mittee said Luciano's release must ba
justified on other grounds as the in
formation actually did not amount to
much.
The committee urged new laws to
make illegal the transmission of rae
ing information for betting purposes.
and use Of the mails for making or
paying off bets. Il urged that gam
bling casinos be required to keep rec
ofds OF money. won or lost.
In all it made % Recommendation
for federal anti-crime action. includ-
ing a new racket squad in the Justice
Department, tighter immigration laws
to allow deportation Of alien criminals
and a continuing check BY Congress
on organized crime and federal law
enforcement efforts.
Local Problem
The committee found that while
crime is widespread and the federal
government car. help, Il must Be AZ.
tackled principally at the local level
II said the ideal and ultimate rem-
edy is for voters in every community
to make sure their government at all
levels is composed Of men immune to
corruption or persuasion by criminals
and racketeers.
The committees term originally
was to expire March 81. This was ex-
tended until April so and a fortnight
ago the Senate voted it 100000 and
new life until September 1. But Sen.
Kefauver stepped down to catch up
on other legislative duties. His place
as chairman was taken by Sen. Her
bert r. O'Conor (D-Md3, who served
on the COMMITTEES since is formation.
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
TbeGreaf
Debate

ME great debate on how this
4 country should conduct the
war against Chinese Communists
and prevent the further advance of
Communism has opened in Wash-
1ngton before a joint INQUIRY OF
the Secate Armed Services and For.
elgn Relations Committees.
Gen. Douglas Macarthur was the
hrst witness. 1t was the five-star, cen.
erafs custer from all his Far Eastern
commands by the President that nre.
cipitated the new climax.
Macarthur was the first ia what
probably viii be the biggest parade
OF top military leaders ever called he
fore Congressional committees. They
VIII include the Joint Chiefs Of Star
(Gens Bradley, Vandenberg CoI1ine
ana Adm. Sherman) and Secretary Of
Defense Marshall.
Wide, Deep Controversy
They will be followed bv an eouslIv
impressive parade of striped pants
diplomats, headed sby Secretary of
state Dean Acheson and Far Eastern
experts in the State Department
The issues raised by the contro-
Versy concern not only the nations
foreign policy but the very setup of
top security agencies.
Sen. Robert A. Taft (R-Ohio) de-
elared he had come to the point where
ne no longer accepted the Joint Chiefs
as experts.
4 suggest" he said, "the Joint
Chiets are absolutely under control OF
me Administration and that their rec.
concentrations are what the Admins
tration demands they make"
Battle of Documents
The inquiry will be concerned al.
most as much with documents from
the past as with declarations about the
future. The Pentagon is armed with
a mass of records from its official file.
Macarthur had documents of his own.
DuttreSsing his stand. Both Democrats
and Republicans have been scanning
transcripts of diplomatic meetings as
tar back as the Yalta conference in
1945.
One of the first to be cited was the
long-suppressed report of Gen. Albert
Z. Wedemeyer on China and Korea.
made in 1947.
Gen. Wedemeyer, wartime com.
mander of U. S. troops in China, pre-
dicted a Soviet-controlled invasion If
there was withdrawal of American
occupation troops before a u. S..
oficered scout force had been trained
and equipped in South Korea to equal
the communist armed strength north
q the S8th Parallel. The report said:
Hhe United States has a strong
strategic interest in insuring rerma-
neEt military naturalization of Korea
and its denial as base to the Soviet
Union"
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
SideIiahts

q In Newark, N. J., MRS. Natalie
Huberman said she forgave her hus-
band when he slapped and kicked her.
She stuck with him when a psychia-
trist diagnosed him as an 'egomaniae."
She gave him another chance after he
dragged her down a fight Of stairs by
the ankles. But the last straw, she
said. was when he brought home q
moose head to prove he'd been on
hunting trip in Maine when she
claimed she had proof s.e spent the
time with another woman. She was
granted an uncontested divorce.
@ In Manila, prominent Filipino
businessman put the finger on what
De called a glaring national weakness:
foreigners operate most legitimate
businesses in the islands while File
pinos keep a strong grip on cock-
fighting and racing clubs"
9 In New Delhi, the head Of an In-
dian nudist sect proposed that Presi-
dent Truman and Premier Stain
confer in the raw: thus proving they
shave nothing to conceal
O A Peruvian surgeon says the an-
eienE inca Indians were experts at
brain surgery operating with death
rate Of about 80 per cents rate that
prevails today.
The California trout season opened
last weekend and thousands Of fisher-
men focked 70 the Sierra Nevada
Mountains. More than $50 were. ma-
Eooneo BY snow near Huntington Lake
ena zoo more near Fresno. They were
eng out py state highway patrols and
aatlonal park rangers who called it
tne biggest rescue operation il the
alstory O sequoia and Kings Canyon
National Parks.
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11

world must be IN 8 position to stop
the attack and strike back decisiVely
ct the seats Of Soviet power"
No One Weapon
The nation can rely on no single
weapon for security, the President
said. There must be a program of a
strong military combined with ready
industrial machine and a sound eco
nonic and social system.
The precise budget figure is $780,
679. .4l4,690 for the fiscal year begin
ming July /.
This represents an Executive pairing
Of requests from the armed services
that originally tOtaled 104 billion dol
lars. It is not too far from the estimate
made by the President last January
when he submitted his overall budget
60 Congress.
The Breakdown
The services share Of the budget is
broken down this way:
Army 20.8 billion dollars, Navy 1875
billion dollars, Air Force 1913 billion
dollars.
To this would be added as billion
dollars for military public works, such
as construction Of airflelds, bases,
buildings and 500 million dollars for
operation Of the Defense Department
itself.
Under this budget, Mr.. Truman
said, it should be possible to:
Increase the manpoWer under arms
from the 5000, 900 level to be reached
this June 80 to S,472,00O
Equip and maintain 18 full Army
divisions $4,000 men each).
Increase the Marines from two to
two and one-half divisions $4,000
men each).
Increase the Air Force from 81 to
D5 wings or groups.
Provide an active fleet Of !, 1,161 naval
ships.
Build a 57,0O0-ton carrier capable Of
launching planes carrying atomic
bombs.
Build an atomic-powered subma-
Fine.
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
Political BombshelI

The Senate Crime Committee. head
ed by Sen. Estes Kefauver (D-Tenn).
has concluded after months of study
that organized crime cannot be COM
pletely wiped out.
But, says its report, "there is no
reason for defeatism. Vigorous law en-
forcement can csntrol it to the point
where it is no longer a menace to our
institutions"
Highlights
Here are some Of the reports high
lights:
It accused William O'Dwyer. am
bassador to Mexico, of allowing gam
bling, narcotics. waterfront murder
and other crime to flourish in New
York City while he was mayor.
It charged that Frank Costello.
whom it calls prime minister" of
the underworld, still holds a strong
sinister influence over Tammany Hall,
Democratic political organization in
Manhattan.
1t censured Democratic Governors
Fuller Warren Of Florida and Forrest
Smith Of Missouri.
1t gave a city-by-city breakdown on
crime it found from coast to coast.
1t said gambling was going full
blast" in Saratoga, N. Y, the back
yard of Gov. Thomas E. Dewey, Re-
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
HUNGARY: The VogeIer Case

He can't bear to have anyone behind
him"
when tried to talk to myself" j."
Vogeler said, "the guards banged on
the door. They did it when whistled
or hummed. got the idea. So 1 spent
my time walking up and down my
cell Just whispering-just to hear the
sound of my voice."
Another American was seized last
fortnight behind the Iron Curtain. He
is William N. Oats, Prague bureau
chief Of The Associated Press, arrested
by the Red-ruled Czech government
on charges of activities hostile to the
state.
Criticism in Congress
There was criticism in Congress at
handling of such cases by the State
Department. Said Sen. William E.
Jenner (R-Ind):
Based on past performance, the
State Department will dicker with
the Czech government for II months
and then, after we agree to give them
consulates and change our radio
broadcasting to make way for theirs,
Mr.. Oats will be released broken in
physical and mental health.
Americans once were made Of diff
ferent stuff. When a bandit chief
Raisuli seized an American citizen.
President Theodore Roosevelt cabled:
'Perdicaris alive or RaisuH dead.
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
Draft
Aptitude Tests


Some college students may not be
registering for the aptitude tests un-
der the mistaken impression that if
they make low scores it will be
black mark on their records.
The tests viii be given on May 26,
June IS and June 80. The students
score, along with the individuals
scholastic records, win be turned over
TO his draft board. The board will
have the final say on his fitness for
1eferment.
Dr.. Arthur S. Adams, president Of
the American Couacil on Education,
said it is the responsibility Of every
draft-eligible student to take the ap--
titude test and have the result in his
Selective Service folder.
Selective Service Director Lewis B.
Hershey declared the deferment Of
bright college students is no more dis
rriminatory than the rejection OF
some men as 4-Fs or the commission
Ing OF some as officers.
Hershey predicted low draft call
for June. He said the nation is enter
ing a period, likely to last several
months, in which Selective Service
needs should be comparatively light.
This time will be used for a maximum
amount Of training for men already in
service.
Eve are in soft period Of man
power needs" Hershey said, ''much
more so than two years from now
when requirements start"
The April draft call was reduced
from 10000 to 10000 men and the
May call from $4,000 to 10000.
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
Quotes

DR.. Ralph Bunche, United Ma
tiOns mediator: "If war comes,
the UN. tries to stop it imme-
diately. If it can't, it tries to
localize it until a cease-fire order
can be negotiated. The U.N. is in
the business Of peace and Sc
curity."
GeneralisslmO Chang Kali
shek, in a May Day speech on
Formosa to workers in Red China:
In the near future / shall come
to your rescue and deliver YOU
from your suffering"
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11

Chinese do not have enough skilled
pilots to mount and maintain an air
assault in close support of their
ground offensive.
Wary Red Pilots
They say one obvious inference of
the widespread refusal of Red pilots
to engage in showdown dog fights with
Allied airmen is that many Of the
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11

Russian-made planes are manned by
Russian men.
Whatever the reasons, it would
seem that Russia is very cautious
about involving herself too directly
in the Korean struggle. There may be
definite pattern in all this.
In Greece, communist guerrillas
were supplied only light weapons-no
planes and nc heavy artillery or tanks
and the size of the war was limited.
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
PARCEL
Four-PoWer Harmony

Four-PoWer Hurmony
American officers and men salutea
IN Vienna May as The Russian ham-
mer and sickle f19 was lowered at
the international sector Of the capital.
IN spirit Of east-west harmony
existing nowhere. else in the world
500 Soviet troops also saluted as the
Stars and Stripes was raised II an inl-
pressive ceremony Of marching bands
and garrisons of both nations.
The occasion was the turnover of
responsibility for military policing os
the inner city from Russian to Ameri-
can The four occupying powers ros
tate control month by month.
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11

Russia lost that one rather than risk
involvement.
Much the same course was followed
in Iran when the revolt of Azerbaiian
communists was quelled after Red
Army units withdrew in response to
pressure from the United Nations.
That may prove 20 be the pattern in
Indochina, too, where inadeuuatelv
armed Vietminh guerrillas are re-
treating before the French.
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11

Tan Rights ReseTvea tP gsl1sieatuf6al
Milford chronicle., 1951-05-11
us. Needs 90 Billion
For Defense in 1862

REsDET TRUMAN has asked Congress for so billion dollar
defense budget deterrent willing push the
world the brink Of general get what they want put
into his warning what happen Red leaders
70 spread the beyond Korea by declaring:
IF the Soviet Union chooses unleash general war the free