davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-06-06

lie SAID thai parting was SUCH
sweet sorrow but that Major Dill
lions retirement was not really a
parting for he would still reside
ain the community and occasions
would certainly arise on which
shis~ help would be anticipated
with pleasure. AS Mr.. Schweit-
zcr Aextolled the bandmaster's
virtues, he drew back the Grapes
which revealed a bronze plaque
engraved with the following in
scription, Dillon Hall dedicated
to Major Earl Dillon in apprecia-
stion Of his musical leadership in
our public schools. June 5, 1861.
a bronze medal for Major Dill
don TO keep personally was pre-
scented him inscribed with, KEY
West High School Band, June S,
s195i.s
Despite the cold which had
suddenly seemed to choke Mr.
Dillon with the thoughts of hav-
ing TO surrender into someone
clse's charge the care and tute-
9agc Of all Of his musician-stu-
dents, he thanked Mr. Schweitzer.
the members of the band, and
the band boosters for their ex-
alted opinions Of his accom-
plishments among the children
of Key West and for bestowing
such an honor as to name hall
after him.
Highly Important Night
Mr.. Dillon continued by say
ing: This is a mighty important
night 10 me-. It IS 4 night which
/ shall cherish and hold sacred
FOR during my life span. | have
had many important occasions.
but tonight will always stand
out. II anyone would have pre-
dicted at the time Of my first
visit fifty years ago that the pub
lie schools Of Key West would
have played such an important
role in my life, I would not have
believed it.
He recalled how he was sol
tlicr boy when stationed here so
years ago and that Key West peo-
pie did not readily accept the
military as they do today He
stated that he had a rather diff
Guilty time getting the local peo-
bic to be friendly to him but that
music was the answer for he
found himself playing the violin
az homes of girls on whom he
would call. He recounted that
one Of his present students, juno
Yates, daughter OF Mr.. and Mrs.
Earl Yates, is the great-grand-
daughter Of one Of the fine pio-
ncers who befricnded him half
century ago. II was most inter-
esiing to hear Major Dillon real
isticaily recall how the army
band in which he played would
play for Henry NJ. Flagler, the
builder of the Florida East Coast
Railway TO Key West I'm fact, "
said NJ. Dillon. Il helped shovel
the first btrketful of sand for the
overseas railway
Entertainment Provided
President Joe Cornell was
praised for his splendid coopeFa-
ton and he IN turn thanked Mrs.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-06-06

A spcarhead found in Alaska
indicates to psychologists that Ash
attic tribesmen crossed the Brooks
Mountains of Alaska and wander
cd along trail to Oregon some
$500 years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-06-06

Honesty is the best policy; and
even if it were not, it is still
worth while and good business
to be honest.
Evening star., 1951-01-21

ment, regardless of whether the
majority enjoys listening.
Among the vital points in dis
pute is whether the constitu-
tional questions are legally
raised. Conceding that the Bill
of Rights protects citizens only
against Government action,
anti-radio spokesmen seek to
show that Capital Transit is a
Government made monopoly,
free from potential competition
and controlled by the Govern
ment-created PUG.
Sample Poll Figures
The opposition denies all this
and insists Messrs. Pollak and
Martin miScued in bringing a
private grievance into the COM
MISSIONS hearing which was re-
stricted to the issue of public
convenience, comfort and safety.
1t was argued that the ap-
pellants were not affected" by
the commission ruling, because
they were not injured within
the scope of the hearing. The
commission neither ordered
Capital Transit to continue or
cease the broadcasts, but merely
dismissed it's own investigation
because no circumstances re-
quired empowered regulatory
action.
Evening star., 1951-01-21

kitchen and cooking facilities
are available, but refrigeration
equipment is lacking. When the
battle situation permits, field
commanders are required to
serve at least one hot meal
daily to all personnel from the
food components of Opera
tional B.
Representative items of this
ration are canned meats, canned
milk products, cereal and cereal
products, canned vegetables and
legumes, canned fruits and de-
hydrated fruits and vegetables.
Operational B provides 4,200
calories per man per day in
contrast to the minimum stand
ard of $500 calories prescribed
for an active soldier by the
Army Surgeon General. And its
96 items allow for almost is
days of variety in choice of
foods by the soldier.
Here is a typical days menu
made from foods in Operation
al B:
eakf st-Tomato juice,
hash brown potatoes, bacon,
jam, scrambled eggs, bread, but
ter. coffee.
Dinner - Pork sausage links
with applesauce, scalloped po-
tatoes, green lima beans, corn
bread, bread, butter, pears, hot
cocoa beverage.
er-Hamburgers with
fried onions. macaroni au
gratin, stewed tomatoes, bread,
jelly, ice cream, coffee.
AS to today's flight rations,
both for transport and fighter
plane use, they are just as up
to-date as Operational B. The
Military Air Transport Service,
which moves military personnel
and hospital patients continu-
ously across the Pacific, now
uses three types of flight meals.
the snack, precooked hot meal
and in-fight food packets.
Steady Improvement
MATS snack meal may con-
sist of sandwiches with added
components, or a light breakfast
meal, with soup issued on air.
craft equipped t. heat it. The
precooked hot meal is prepared
on the ground and stored in an
electrically heated insulator con-
tainer until served. 1t is au-
thorized only for special mis-
sions" and air-evacuation pa
tient-feeding and when the air
craft is equipped to facilitate
such service. The food packets
are primarily to meet operation
al and training requirements.
Air Force combat pilots also
use in-flight packets, which in
clude a wide variety Of food.
with greater taste acceptability
Evening star., 1951-01-21
By Randolph Leigh

about half last year. We alone
need nearly IL million tons for
our present production level. and
much more than that on a war
production basis. To fill out our
present needs we rely on nearly
100000 tons of synthetic rubber
made principally in the United
States, with a small amount from
Canadian plants set up there by
our Government. OF this syn
thetic, about three-fourths is
GRS, or Government rubber
styrene, the rest being butyl.
Hereafter we will have to get on
without aid from Canada, which
needs all she can fabricate.
AS to tin we are worse off, as
regards dependence on distant
sources. 1t now comes from the
Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, Bo-
livia and other smaller sources,
including again Nigeria.
Against that background what
do we find? Leading British
newspapers. including the London
Times and Manchester Guardian,
have recently called attention to
the lawlessness which has swept
across the rubber and tin pro-
ducing areas in Africa and Asia.
One of the worst spots is Nigeria.
A Nigerian newspaper. the
West African Pilot, published at
Lagos, says that the Rivers
Province" where the detrital de-
posits are rich with casiterite
(tin), are under a virtual reign
of terror. Watchmen on large
Evening star., 1951-01-21

Parallel with their open war
fare in Korea the Communists
have been making an almost
equally serious and steadily
mounting undercover attack on
the sources of Allied raw materials,
especially rubber and tin.
This attack, screened behind
nationalist or racial movements,
follows a clear-cut pattern. 1t
strikes at areas which are distant
from Allied military strength and
which specialize on scarce and
concentrated assets. To under
stand the strategy behind it one
must look at the raw material
situation Of the Allied world.
| Rubber Situation
Take natural rubber. which Is
small in total tonnage, yet basic
to modern industry as we'll as to
war. Important sources are the
Malay Peninsula. Indonesia, Bra
zil, Ceylon and Nigeria. OF these
Nigeria, though small producer
today, nevertheless has large pos
sibilities and is doubly valuable
because of its distance from the
reach of Soviet power. Brazil,
of course. is the source of rubber.
That is, the best rubber planta-
tions throughout the world come
almost entirely from the original
Brizilian stock transplanted years
ago, though Brazil is today far
from the top as a producer.
The annual world crude rubber
output is about is million tons, of
which the United States bought
Evening star., 1951-01-21

the contrary prohibited Govern
ment from doing so even though
in most cases it was recognized
that a part of the public was
offended or annoyed by the
speech restrained"
1--WE must revert to the fact
that the fundamental conflict
represented by this case is be-
tween the preponderant major
ity of passengers who desire to
listen to radio programs and a
very small minority who desire
not to listen" the radio adher-
ents continued.
when a very few persons
desire action by a public carrier
that is contrary to the interests
of a preponderant majority of
the public, one must either ac-
cept the interest of the ajority
as that of the public or adopt
the fiction that the public has
no interest.
"The rights of the majority
to listen under the fifth
amendment can be no less than
the rights of small minority
not to listen"
Anti-radio attorneys argued,
however, that forced listening
takes the property of the riders
their attention and time" in
violation of the fifth amend
Evening star., 1951-01-21
Sources of Allied Raw Materials Targets of Reds

a force of 10000 men in the field
against the outlaws. Yet Malaysia
is the source of about half of
the worlds rubber today. Part
of it's sales last year had to be
from old stocks. One of the
heaviest buyers was Russia.
In Ceylon the situation Is so
bad that scores of large British
operators are selling their rubber
plantations, despite the fact that
the Korean war has brought fan
tastic rubber prices. Topping the
list of plantations recently sold
was the 3,000-acre property be-
longing to the family of Lord
Elphinstone, former Indian Vice
roy.
The strategy in Ceylon is to
make an attack on "imperialists, y
with the American bracketed with
the British, and at the same time
stir up other racial groups. Legis-
lation is now being formulated to
deprive Indians as well as Euro
peans, as contrasted with the
Ceylonese, of the right to top
jobs in any business in Ceylon.
Since the care of rubber and tea
plantations is highly specialized
work, this move threatens not only
Allied materials, but all property
owners and the economy of Cey-
lon itself, which rests on these two
products. Communists direct these
plans. Ceylon is vital to the
Allies in a military sense. because
it could serve as a naval base in
case of war in the Indian Ocean
for the control of Middle East
Evening star., 1951-01-21

Capital Trasit presented fig
ures to show that most riders
want the programs continued.
A sampling of more than g.
900 riders in April, 1949, showed
IL per cent actively opposed to
the radios. In October of that
year the survey revealed a 3
per cent opposition.
In the April poll 1916 per cent
said they we're for the radios
without qualification, and IN
October the pros were 1853 per
cent. In April 98.8 per cent did
not object if the majority
wanted radios; in October that
figure was 81 per cent.
Presenting evidence that ra-
dios do not increase the gen.
eral noise level, nor preclude
reading, resting and thinking.
the music while you ride"
champions conclude:
Moreover, the idea that
buses and streetcars, with or
without broadcast reception,
are sanctuaries for rest and
thought is just as astounding a
thesis as the idea that failure
of the street railway systems to
provide such sanctuaries Is a
menace to our American way Of
life
Evening star., 1951-01-21

properties are being slain regu-
larly and many districts have been
practically cut off. One of the
most alarming developments has
been the Communist inf1ltration
into the effeke, or Egho, secret
society, one of the strongest in
that part of Africa. 1t was for
merly concentrated largely on the
coast and was a stabilizing inf1u-
ence, but today, suddenly we'll
financed, it is reaching far into
the back country and protecting
bandits from the police.
Trouble Widespread
In Brazil the destruction OF
rubber plantations began In
August and has been continuing
One newspaper reports that the
Caiapos Indians are on the war
path against all American and
Allied properties in the distant
Amazon country and especially
on the rich banks of the Xingu
River. These activities have been
connected with the invasion of
the district by small groups of
free-spending Communists. De-
struction around Belem, one of
the best sources, has been heavy.
The Bangkok Post reports that
during the early part Of December
Communist bands were operating
in the nearby Malay peninsula on
such a scale that the government
there had stated that it was spend
ing half it's revenues on keeping
Evening star., 1951-01-21
The Old Brick Capitol
$4,000 Building Sufficed for Government
For Four Years After British Evacuated
By John CIoqett Proctor

When the British evacuated
Washington. and President Mad
ison, Secretary Monroe and the
United States Army thought it
prudent to return. the question
was, where shall we lay our
heads and where shall we have
our offices?" All the public build
ings in Washington but one had
been burned. The President took
up quarters at the Octagon House
at Eighteenth street and New
York avenue, erected by John
Tayloe, and the other public ofh-
ces were housed in rented build
ings.
Fortunately for the members
of Congress, that body was not
in session at the time, having ad-
journed in April, 1914; otherwise
that branch, too, might have had
to flee before the enemy. How =
ever, it was a critical situation
and a special session of Congress
had to be called to provide funds
for reconstructing the Govern
ment buildings and for other pur-
poses. DR.. William Thornton, who
designed the Capitol had pre-
vailed upon the British not to
burn the old Blodgett Hotel, then
being used by the Post Office
Department; the Patent Office
and the City Post Office, then
situated on E street between
Seventh and Eighth street NV
Congress convened on September
10, 1914, and continued to meet
there until it removed to the
block in which the Supreme
Court Building now stands. in a
brick building erected by q group
Of citizens especially for the pur-
pose.
Hardly had Congress convened
in the Blodgett Building when its
members were urged-by those
who saw the psychology of the
situation-to remove the Govern
ment elsewhere. The matter went
so far that a record vote was TAX
en- in the House and, according to
Evening star., 1951-01-21
|PIuneOrders

Continued From Page C-1)

means being prepared to operate
effectively and simultaneously in
all three of the earth's zones
frigid, temperate and torrid-with
a variety of aircraft for a variety
of missions.
The display case shows these
people not only were not idle;
they advanced America five years
when they justifiably could have
suspended their vital work to
await the outcome of the inter-
Government hostilities and receive
whatever new policies would be
promulgated by the victors. In
stead they stayed by their jobs
and formulated policy calling for
the greatest number of types of
modern aircraft capable of per-
forming every conceivable task.
The aircraft types represented in
the air arsenal showcase-fight-
ers, bombers, patrol, attack and
transport - combined and ade-
quately utilized, provide America
with this kind of operational per-
formance:
A maximum speed of 730 miles
an hour, a rate of climb of $4,000
feet per minute, service ceiling
of $4,000 feet, cargo or bomb
load of 10000 pounds Cor one
atomic bomb for a nonstop dis
tance of 10000 miles without re-
fueling in flight, all-weather day
and night interceptors, employ
ing the latest in radar and fire
power; operations of heavier and
more powerful jet fighters, attack
planes (bombs, torpedoes, rockets,
even an A-bomb) from aircraft
carriers; high-speed global trans
ports for moving critical materials
and returning the wounded to
America, heavily loaded assault
transports to land on and fly out
of beaches or hastily prepared
strips, replacing the troop and
supply towed gliders of the recent
war; special plane detecting de-
vices for anti submarine warfare,
helicopters for search and rescue
at sea and in rugged, isolated
country; photoreconnaissance
planes heavily armed for self-de-
fense and equipped to penetrate
far beyond our ouvposts to photo
graph from great heights the tar
gets hit or to be hit, bomb and
rocket carrying jets for close sup
port of ground troops, flying tank
ers to refuel fighters and bombers
in midair to extend their range,
long distance patrol planes of
both land and sea types and the
very mysterious guided missile.
Back in the restricted depart
ments of the air arsenal there are
developments that will not reach
the display window for months or
even years and how fast they
make the trip up front will depend
on how much time will be allotted
for further research and develop
ment should all-out mobilization
come.
Does Uncle Sam know exactly
what plane types he needs now
and for the coming two years or
so, and in what quantity and In
what proportion? He does not
and that helps account for the
delay In getting out the orders.
Evening star., 1951-01-21

1t took more than ITS years
of dietetic experimentation to
make American GIs and airmen
in Korea the best-fed fighting
men in history.
From the time when Napoleon
sagely concluded that an army
travels on it's stomach, nations
at war have given much thought
to feeding their troops, aware
that lack of good food has an
adverse effect on morale and
esprit de corps.
Developed by the Colonies. the
earliest American rations were
not exactly all to be desired, and
there was considerable fumbling
in procuring food at this time
and for some time afterward.
Today, however, through years
of effort by the Army's Quarter
master Corps, the combat SOL
dier gets all the calories and
vitamins and variety he needs.
Typical Days Menu
Quartermaster Corps histori-
cal files show that during the
Revolutionary War. the Colonies
fed their own men until a COM
missary general of stores and
provisions was formed by the
Continental Congress. In IT'S
the first Army ration was ap-
proved and passed, with eight
components. They were 16
ounces of beef. 16 ounces of
flour, 16 ounces of milk. one
quart of spruce beer, 6.8 ounces
of peas, IA ounces of rice, 1880
ounces of soap and .0686 ounces
of candle.
Today's standard rations are
field A, small detachment,
5-in-1, combat type E, individ-
ual combat CO, C-3 and CA,
and Operational B.
A typical ration in Korea,
Operational B contains a va
riety of SO items. as against
118 in the "B" of World War
II. But the new ration espe-
cially is designed to provide ad-
ditional heat and energy to the
fighting man. The dietetic and
other improvements over World
War lis "B" are many.
Operational B practically has
eliminated canned chopped
meat items, such as corned beef
hash, stew meat and vegetables.
These components have been
replaced by canned solid meats
to allow more variety in prep
aration and more palatability.
Elimination of fluids through
this process also has saved a
quarter pound in weight per
ration.
Mainly for large group feed
ing, Operational B is used in
situations where 1t is impossible
to provide perishable foods. It
u used during periods when
Evening star., 1951-01-21
Atomic Help

By Robson Black

MONTREAL.-Atomic science
is bringing first aid to Canada's
oilfields. The pipeline that taps
the rich Alberta wells and car
ries oil a thousand miles to
the head of the Great Lakes
is kept from clogging by
a rotating steel pig" that travels
with the oil. How to prevent
this pig" from sticking fast
and blocking the flow for long
periods is problem that has
hitherto baf11ed oilmen up and
down North America.
In the past the practice has
been to establish listening posts
along the pipeline at 3-mile
intervals, at which the listener
used a device similar to a doc
tors stethoscope. Once a "pig"
jammed, the line had to be cut
at many places in 2-mile
stretch of pipe before the block
age could be located.
All this trouble has now been
solved by loading the pigs"
with a radioactive substance.
At 2-mile intervals Geiger coun-
ters, and a new instrument
called a "scintillometer" auto
matically report the swift pas
sage of the pipe-cleaning mech
anism. Should the pig" get
stuck, a workman with a Gieger
counter travels along the pipe
line and obtains an answering
signal from the pig" which en-
ables him to locate it within a
few feet.
But perhaps the most in
genious use of isotopes, now
rapidly coming into use in Can
ada, is in separating the oil of
one company from another in
q single pipeline.
ffnndon Observer Foreigu News Service.)
Evening star., 1951-01-21
By Harry Lever

and nutritional value. Packets
IF-2 and IF-3 are packed 81
meals to a case and each case
contains three complete menus
of seven meat items, plus addi-
tional componentS. These pack
cts include chicken, hamburgers,
beef and pork loaf. apple sauce,
ground meat and spaghetti, beef
meat and corn, and ham and
eggs, peaches, cherries, fruit
cocktail, apricotS and so on.
All of this, then, climaxeS the
long years of experimentation
since the eight components of
the Revolutionary War.
Evening star., 1951-01-21
Rotions Aren't Home Cooked, But They're Nourishing

Between the Civil and Span
ish American Wars there were
few changes. But by the First
World War, the ration COM
ponents had increased to II
items. by 1925 there were %
items and by 1927 there were
81 components. At this time
there were four types of ra-
tions-field, reserve, travel and
garrison.
Development still is continu-
ing. for, as the Quartermaster
Corps says: THE American
soldier can only be as efficient
as the foods he eats will allow
him to be-"
Evening star., 1951-01-21

The Federal Governments long
tax arm is reaching out anew
toward the pocketbook of the mid
ole and lower income tax groups.
Those groups, it seems now, will
be the principal source OF revenue
from which the Government will
undertake to raise more than SIG
billion in new taxes to balance
President Truman's record-break-
ing peacetime budget of ST. ,594,-
100000 for the fiscal year begin
ming next July l.
Thus far the President has not
disclosed his tax program in de-
tail. That will come later in a
message to Congress before the
writing House Ways and
Means Committee begins hearings
tentatively scheduled for Febru-
ary 5.
However, a fairly good indica-
ton of what Mr.. Truman may
propose, judging from the past, is
available. 1t may be found in the
annual report of the Presidents
Council of Economic Advisers.
The report was submitted to
Congress along with Mr.. Truman's
recent economic message. AS a
guide to what may be expected in
the way of new and more onerous
tax burdens, the report is far more
revealing than anything the Presi-
dent has said in his messages thus