davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-04-13
federal Smith Act
|0k Seen in Wake
|0f 0ber Law Ruling

The Supreme Court yesterday
upheld the right Of States to bar
from the ballot candidates for
State and city Offices who refuse
to swear they are not involved
lin an attempt to overthrow Gov
lernment by violence.
Unanimously, the highest tri-
bunal approved a section of Mary
lands -Subversive Act-known
las the Ober law-which requires
such oaths.
Lawyers speculated that the de-
|cision might mean high court ap-
|proval Of the Federal Smith Act.
Under the Smith Act the top
American Communists were con-
|victed of conspiracy. Their ap-
peal is awaiting Supreme Court
action now.
Some lawyers said that since
the court has held a State can
thus protect itself from an at
tempt at forceful overthrow OF
government. 1t is likely to rule
that the Federal Government can
take somewhat similar steps.
Reds Challenge Smith Act.
The Smith Act makes it a crime
to advocate or teach overthrow OF
government by violence. The II
Communists were convicted of
conspiring to do this. Each faces
Ia prison term If the high court
upholdS the convictions.
The Communists contend that
the Smith Act violates constitu-
tional guarantees Of free speech.
The Supreme Courts brief, un-
signed opinion in the Maryland
case said the nine justices were
accepting an Interpretation of the
candidate oath requirement made
previously by the Maryland Court
of Appeals.
This Interpretation was that a
candidate need only swear that he
lis not engaged Sin one way or
another in the attempt to over
throw the Government by force
and violence" and that he is not
knowingly member of an organi-
|zation engaged in such an attempt.
The Supreme Court made no
attempt to explain what was
meant by zone way or another
wheather the phrase covered be-
lief. teaching and advocacy.
Violence" Italicized.
During argument of the Mary
land case last Monday counsel for
the State contended the Ober law
does not involve beliefs or thought
control. Attorneys said the Mary
land court had limited the candi-
date oath as referring to an act
attempting to overthrow govern
ment.
The high courts printed opinion
Italicized the words force and vio-
lence." apparently seeking to en-
phasize that the justices were not
putting any restriction on efforts
to change government by peaceful
means.
The validity of the oath section
OF the Maryland law was contested
by Mrs. Thelma Gerende of Balti-
more. She sought to run for the
Baltimore City Council on the
Progressive Party ticket but re-
fused to sign the oath. Maryland
courts held that to get on the bal
lot she was obliged to sign.
The Supreme Court normally
hands down decisions on Mondays
Evening star., 1951-04-13

only. It issued the decision ahead
of time at the request Of Mrs
Gerende's lawyers. who said she
wanted to get her name on the
ballot for the May 8 election.
Text of Opinion.
Following is the text of the
opinion:
"This Is an appeal from a de-
cision of the Court of Appeals
from the State of Maryland, the
effect of which is to deny the
appellant a place on the ballot fol
the municipal election in the City
of Baltimore on the ground that
she had refused to file an affi-
'dayit required by State law. The
scope Of the State law was passed
on in Shub VS.. Simpson.
"'We read this decision to hold
that to obtain place on a Mary
land ballot a candidate need only
make oath that he is not person
who is engaged in one way o,
another in the attempt to over
throw the Government by force
and violence and that he is not
knowingly a member of an or
ganization engaged in such an
attempt.
"At the bar Of this court the
attorney general of the State OF
Maryland declared that he would
advise the proper authorities to
accept an affidavit in these terms
as satisfying in full the statutory
requirement. Under the circum-
stances and with this understand
ing, the judgment of the Mary
land Court of Appeals is affirmed
"Mr. Justice Reed concurs in
the result"
Evening star., 1951-04-13

unemployment rights once the
national emergency ended.
X X
BROADCAS T-our Federal
Spotlight radio broadcast at 6:15
pm. tomorrow over WMAL will
feature, besides the latest roundup
of Government news, an interview
with Ira L. Smith Of the Civil
Aeronautics Administration, who
is the co-author with H. Allen
Smith of the delightful new book
of baseball anecdotes. Three Men
on Third"
JOBS-The Commerce Depart
ment has job openings for vari-
typists (GS-3, librarians (GS-7
and o., forms design analysts
(GS-5 and y. offset press opera
tors ($1.21 an hourJ, and typists
and stenographers (GS-3). No
status is needed except in the
librarian and forms design analyst
jobs. Apply to room 1903, Com
merce Department, Fourteenth
street and Constitution avenue,
Monday through Friday.
ESA-Max Hall is the new pub
lie relations administrator of the
Economic Sterilization Agency.
Mr.. Hall formerly was with the
Washington Bureau of the Asso-
ciated Press.
INVESTIGATION - The Senate
Civil Service Committees investi-
cation of the Governments per-
sonnel system is expected to get
actively underway in about 10
days. Melvin Purvis, the former
FBI man who heads the investi-
gative staff, is preparing a report
to the committee detailing the
specific plans for the investiga-
tion and will present it to the
group next week.
CAPITAL ROUNDUP-James F.
Fairman is the new deputy admin
istrator of the Interior Depart
Defense Electric Power Ad-
ministration. Gerald r. GAL
lagher has been appointed as
sistant administrator for technical
services, Federal Civil Defense Ad-
ministration. The Federal Rec
reation Committee meets today toI
discuss summer recreational prof.
ects for Government employees. !
Edna Earl Davis, an employe ofI
the Army's Washington finance
Office, was selected from 200 ap-
plicants for the job as voucher ex-
aminer with the Army Finance
Corps in Paris. The Interior
Recreation Associa-
tion is holding its spring dance
at 10 pm. April 81 in the Interior
cafeteria.
Evening star., 1951-04-13
The Weather Here and Over the Nation

District of Columbia - Partly
cloudy with some sunshine. High
est near 62 degrees this afternoon.
Considerable cloudinesS tonight
and tomorrow with low tonight
near 40 degrees.
Maryland and Virginia - Con-
siderable cloudinesS and cooler
with scattered light showers in the
west portion of Maryland and IN
the mountains of Virginia. Low
tonight in both States will be 35-4O
degrees.
Evening star., 1951-04-13
Deyereux Believes Macarthur
Forced Firing to Point Up Issue
Says General Wanted
Far East Question Put
Before the People
By Steffon Andrews
kiov4L A--;. N. A Ill.,.

The Marine hero of Wake
Island says that Gen. Macarthur
deliberately forced his own dis
missal to bring the issue of Far
East military policy squarely be-
fore the American people.
Brig. Gen. James p. S. Deyereux,
now Republican congressman
from the second district in Mary
land. believes that was the only
way an old soldier like Gen. Mac
Arthur could bring the question
directly to a head.
Macarthur never could re-
sign" Gen. Devereux declared in
an interview. because an officer
cannot resign when his troops
are still engaged with the enemy.
His only recourse was to
courageously force his own re-
tirement so as to bring the whole
question of military policy before
the voters"
Representative Devereux, an Of
ficer with 25 years active service
in the Marines before his retire
ment. refused to surrender for
weeks on Wake Island. He made
the japanese blast their way in
to capture his small Marine con-
tingent in 1912.
He said he spoke as an officer
who had met Gen. Macarthur and
knew what an old officer with
strict military principles would do
in a similar situation.
"If Macarthur had disregarded
the military principle of never
quitting in the face of an enemy,
he would have opened himself to
attack on that score" Gen. Dev-
ereux said.
Representative Devereux said
the question of insubordination
did not enter into the issue Gre
ateds by the White House crack
down on Gen. Macarthur.
). Every one in the military serv-
ices recognizes the principle of
civilian control. and am sure
that Macarthur did. too," he said.
Repre- esentat tive Devereux
charged that the Democrats were
beclouding the issue by raising the
Evening star., 1951-04-13

n o W ever, tne
bill has always
run afoul Of the
House Judiciary
Committee.
This year the
S it u alton has
changed. The
S e n a tie ap-
proved the bill
in January and
y e 5 I GQay Ine
House Subcom-
m / t t e e ap-
p r o v e d the.
measure.
-
Evening star., 1951-04-13
Republicans Charge
Administration Plan
To Appease Reds
By J. A. O'Learx

Republicans in Congress con-
ICinued today to predict the ad-
ministration is getting ready to
|appease the Communists in Asia,
in the wake of Gen. MacArthur's
dismissal.
Senate Republican Floor Leader
Wherry of Nebraska made the
charge in a radio talk last night.
House Republican Leader Martin
Iof Massachusetts, said the same
thing in a resolution he got
through the House Republican
Policy Committee.
Mr.. Martin, whose exchange of
letters with Gen. Macarthur
brought the conflict between the
general and President Truman to
Ia head. will be on the air from
1890 to II o'clock tonight on NBC
and CHS.
Senator Wherry accused the
administration of following a
"zig-zag, inept foreign policy" and
said that-not Gen. MacArthur's
action-has led the Nation ito
the brink of another world war"
Pattern Familiar.
'The pattern is familiar" said
Senator Wherry. "Step by step
the Dean Acheson policy Of ap-
|peasement of the Communists is
going forward"
The Nebraskan said the "pyg-
mics can not bring down this
giant (MacArthur) this tower of
strength and deserving idol of the
American people" :"
He said the Democratic attempt
to charge Gen. Macarthur with
attempting to involve the United
States in "a gigantic war with
Red China-and precipitate the
unleashing of a third world war
is resented by every thinking
American familiar with the glori-
Gus record of this great statesman.
soldier. patriot" He added:
THE obvious truth is that the
ship OF state is houndering in a
whirlpool of mink coats, paternal-
ism. RFC influence loans, crooked
political machines in league with
national organizations, class ar
rayed against class, and a new
scandal the order of the day."
New Korean Policy.
Senator Wherry said the Presi-
dent has enunciated a new Ko-
rean policy.
"The President now has written
off his original venture into Ko-
rea to defeat the North Koreans
and restore freedom to the whole
country he said.
His new policy now is to show
the North Koreans and Red China
that they cannot drive us out.
There is not much comfort in this
outlook. The new strategy means
more and more tear-stained pill
lows throughout our land"
Evening star., 1951-04-13

Wind: South by southwest, 20
miles per hour at 1870 am.
Five-Day Forecast for Washington
And Vicinity, April 14-18.
Temperatures will be near nor
NAL for the period. Washington
area normal temperatures are
high, 81; low, A. Little warmer
Sunday, cooler Monday and
warmer again by Wednesday
There is some chance of rain
Sunday night or Monday, other
wise, little or no precipitation.
Evening star., 1951-04-13

First United States advertising
agency was established in Phila-
delphia in 1840.
Evening star., 1951-04-13
The Federal Spotlight ~.s..
House Unit Finally Approves Bill
To Ban Fee Collection for Jobs
By joseph YOUNG

House Judiciary Subcommittee approved the Senate
bill to prohibit private employment charging
fees for referring them to Government jobs.
The Civil Service Commission years has been irving to- get
to approve such legislation declaring seeking
Evening star., 1951-04-13

Showers light rains forecast for tonight for the
region between the Northern Mississippi River and the Appa
lachians showers also likely in extreme Northern
England in the Dakotas 1t viii be seasonaby cool in
States Slightly higher temperatures
predicted States with little change most
other place - 6 ZAP Wirephoto Map.
Evening star., 1951-04-13
Temperatures in Various Cities.

Dumbo, London Zoo elephant,
required medical treatment when
a large wart developed on a hind
leg.
Evening star., 1951-04-13
Record Temnera,ures This Year.

Record Temperatures This Year.
Highest, "a, on April T.
Lowest, IL, on February 8.
High and Low of Last "A Hours.
High. Sc, at pm.
Low. AZ, at 4:4O am.
Tide Tables.
Furnished by United States Coast an
Geodetic Survey
Evening star., 1951-04-13

River Report.
(From U. S. Engineers.)
Potomac River cloudy at Harpers Ferry
and at Great Falls; Shenandoah cloudy at
HarperS Ferry.
Evening star., 1951-04-13

Federal employment did not need
the services Of employment agen-
.cieS.
On several occasions, the Senate
has approved such legislation
Evening star., 1951-04-13
The Sun and Moon.

The Sun and Moon.
Rises. Sets
Sun, today 5:34 f:43
Moon today 1901 am. 1:05 am.
Automobile lights must be turned on
I one-half hour after sunset.
Precipitation. |
Monthly precipitation in inches in the
Capital tcurrent month to date):
Evening star., 1951-04-13

unemployment rights once the
national emergency ended.
X * X
Evening star., 1951-04-05
Appeals Court Studies
Citation Of Sawyer in
Dollar Line Stock Case

A demand that Secretary of
Commerce Sawyer and others be
held in contempt for failure to
comply with court orders concern
ing stock in the American Presi-
dent Lines was under considera-
ton in the United States Court of
Appeals today.
Gregory Harrison, an attorney
for the r Stanley Dollar inter-
eSts, asked for contempt citations
during arguments yesterday on the
Governments appeal from the
courts earlier order that 'effec-
tive possession" of the controlling
sock be turned over by Secretary
Sawyer to the Dollar interests.
The three-judge court consist
ing of Judges Bennett Champ
Clark. Wilbur K. Miller and E.
Barrett Prettyman dismissed that
appeal. The judges, noting that
the long legal battle had been be-
fore them on several previous oc-
casions since 1945 and reached the
Supreme Court three times, were
often caustic in their comments.
ut seems to me-" Judge Clark
said to Edward H. Hickey, Justice
Department lawyer in the case,
that somebody is about to adj
wise Sawyer" into Jail for con-
tempt of court.
Others named by Mr. Harrison
in his request for contempt cita-
tons included Solicitor General
Philip B., Perlman. Deputy At.
torney General Peyton Ford. and
George Killion. president of Amer
lean Transport Lines. Mr.. Killion
formerly was treasurer of the
Democratic National Committee.
The litigation boils down to
whether the Dollar interests
pledged or surrendered to the
Government 90 per cent of the
stock in the old Dollar Steamship
Lines in 1888. The Government
claims that the company gave up
the stock to the old Maritime
Commission in return for loans
and subsidies.
The Dollar interests claim they
merely pledged the stock. They
now seek complete possession of
it because the loans have been
repaid. The company meanwhile
was reorganiZed as the American
President Lines, now a $40 million
shipping concern.
Evening star., 1951-04-05
Floating Mines Damage
1000 Homes on Jap Coast
By the Associoied Press

by me AsSoelCIep rfeSS
TOKYO, April S. Floating
mines, presumed from North
Korea. killed So persons, injured
SO and damaged 1000 homes
along Japan's coast in the last
four months, the japanese Mari
time Board announced today.
Forty-three mines washed up
on the japanese shores between
December and March. Many ex-
ploded. They caused greatest
damage in fishing villages. Seven
ty-eight others were tracked
down in the Japan Sea.
Communists heavily mined the.
Wonsan Harbor on Korea's east
coast last year to delay United
Nations landings. 1t was belieyedI
the Reds also let some mines
float out to sea.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06
Nome, Alaska, Friday, July 6, 1851
CANCER AND THE HYDRA
Friday. July 6. 1851

Scientists studying the mystery of biological growth have performed an amazing experiment with small marine creature called hydra Several hydras are ground up and poured into mold and few days later there appear four hydras perfectly healthy and active
 Actually you chop up as many as ten or twenty tiny hydras as few five large but long as the whole mixture is cubic mmeter of tissue, you'll get just exactly four of the little creatures
 This is interesting; it may prove important. Fas- cinating as 1t s it is just of the many leads to cancer control that being developed in laboratories throughout the United States.
 The whole problem of cancer control can be lkened to the hydra experiment. The American Cancer Society," which is conducting it's 1851 Cancer Crusade can get exactly much return for it's efforts as it puts into the problem
 No matter how many givers are involved at least $14565000 must be raisced to carry research edu cation to lives and service to the cancer pa- tent during the coming year:
 We must furnish the hydra-dollars that power the great crusade to human life Guard those you love- Give to Conquer Cancer
 The local campaign starts today under the spon- sorship of the nurses of the community, and will con- tnue until July 14th
 Give generously when they call on you!
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06
Korea War Veteran Killed In Six-Story Fall Down Seattle Hotel StairWell

SEATTLE, (P)-A Purple Heart Korea war veteran, just returned from frontline duty, fell six stories to his death in a hotel stairwell Sunday night.
 Police said the soldier, Corp. Pahmeier, g, Madison, Wis, tried to hop across the stairwell from the eighth floor to the seventh floor while trying to catch up with two buddies. Two army bud dies told investigators the soldier lost his grip and fell to the sec ond floor landing.
 Pahmeier, veteran of II months service in Korea (he was wounded July 16, 1850, while fighting near the Rum River), came back to the United States Saturday with other troops re- turning on rotation.
 His soldier companions, Charles Dietrich and Kirby Kyle, told police the trio had had a few drinks in their 10th floor room and were leaving the hotel.
 Morgue attendants, searching Pahmeier's uniform, found train ticket to his home at Madison in one of his pockets.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06
Rev. Treat Elected
 Alaska Delegate To JurisdictiOnal Conference

Rev. Robert Treat, pastor of the Community Methodist Church was elected Alaska delegate to the Western Jurisdictional Confer ence to be held in Berkley, Calif., next July. The local pastor was elected at the Methodist Alaska Mission conference held in Sew ard last week where delegates of the IT Methodist churches in AL aska met for the annual meeting of the Mission.
 Rev. P. Gordon Gould, super intendent of the Mission, and Dr. Elliot Fisher, Executive Secretary of the Section of Home Missions of the Methodist Church will ar rive from Seward Friday for weekend services at the Church. Dr. Fisher will speak at the morning service, and Rev. Gould will give the evening message.
 Returning Wednesday in time to take in most of Nome's "4th" Rev. and Mrs. Treat and family, and Mrs. Bertha Fiscus, Nome delegate to the conference, report ed a full week of solid planning for the next year. Bishop Gerald Kennedy, resident Bishop of the Portland area which includes Ida ho, Oregon, Washington and AL aska gave the opening address.
 Miss Emma Burris, Secretary of the Welfare Section of the Women'S Division of Methodist Church, addressed the conference on the evening that the Territor- ial Women's Society met. She will be the speaker at the meeting of the local Woman's Society this evening.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06
TIE COMMUNITY METHODIST
 CHURCH Robert $. Treat. Minister
 and LAVINiA WALLACE YOUNG
 MISSION Miss Esther Mccoy Director Lavinia Community Center

SundaY-
 goo a.m.-Youth breakfast at the Parsonage.
 9:45 a.m.-Sunday School. 11:00 am. Morning Worship. Message by Dr. Elliot Fisher of New York City, Executive Sec retary of the Section of Home Missions, the Methodist Church. 3:30 p.m.-Hospital Service. 7::30 p.m.-Evening Service. Message by Rev. P. Gordon Gould, Supt. of the Alaska Methodist Mission. In the fel- lowship hour following, Dr. Fisher will show kodachrome slides and motion pictures of the work in Hawaii. Wednesday,
 Noon-Catechism class. Evening-Folk Game Group at the Social room. Thursday
 7:30 p.m.-Prayer Service; Sun- day Evening choir rehearsal fol- lowing.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06
ASSEMBLY OF GOD Third Avenue West
 Pastor-A. E.. Capener

SUNDAY 1O:0O-11:45 a.m.-Sunday School and worship service. Classes for every age group.
 7:45 p.m.-Evangelistic service. WEDNESDAY,
 7:45 p. m. - Bible study and prayer. FRIDAY
 7:45 p. m.- Christ's AmbaSsa- dor's meeting. This is a service led by. the young people, includ- ing singing, testimony, games, and message.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06
INITIATION NOTE

Once we had a happy time Two nickels then were worth
 a dime. But now we're in a pretty
 pickle. A dime is only worth a nickel. When money talks, l tell you
 gents NickelS today just don't make
 cents.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06
PAN AMERICAN

Arriving Wednesday with Pan American were Mrs. E.. J. Adams and three children, James, Will liam and Leroy, Charles Esch, John Talmaid, Lee Matterson, Lee Savage, Keno Herman, Ted Lep- pia, O. H. Rastad, Carl Strass, Major John England, John Holtz.
 Departing were Mabel Johnson, C. w. Alexander, H. Phelan, D. Morris, Mrs, Betty Raine.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06
CHURCH SERVICES
NOME GOSPEL MISSION

NOME GOSPEL MISSION
 ALASKA EVANGELIZATION SOCIETY Arthur H. Freeburg. Pastor Sunday 200 p.m-Sunday School for the boys and girls.
 Worship for Adults. 7:30 p.m.-Junior Church, adults welcome to attend. Tuesday 7:30 p.m.-Bible Study Wednesday, 800 to 400 -Children's club. Boys and girls under 8. 400 to 5:30 p.m.-Pioneer Girls Club. 7:3O pm. = Prayer and Praise Service.
 Our Message: The Blood, The Book, The Blessed Hope.
 WHERE YOU ARE
 NEVER A STRANGER
 EVERYONE WELCOME
 CATHOLIC CHURCH
 Rev. Neil Murphy. s. J. Sunday Masses: Sam. & 10 am. Daily Mass 7:00 am. Saturday Masses: 2 am. & 8 am. 4 pm. and 7:30 pm. Confession.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06

The British gallon is almost 20 per cent larger than the U. s. gal Ion.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06
CHURCH OF THE NAZARENE
 al
 Third and Division Clark H. Lewis. Pastor

Sunday
 1000 a.m.-Sunday School. Led by Supt. Hank Miller. Les son: Being Christian at Home"
 HOO an - Morning Worship. Pastors message: ''Let There Be Light"
 6:45 p.m.-Junior Society, for all school-age children up to 12 years of age.
 6:45 D. m. - Nazarene Young Peoples Society. The program tonight will be presented by the Youth of the Evangelical Cove nant Church.
 7:30 p.m.-Evangelistic Service. Come and refresh your soul in worship of Jesus, who said, "I am the water of life" Tuesday,
 goo standardization of boys and girls 9-14 years of age for the summer camp on Sunset Road. To register call Red 161. Fee: $2.5O. Wednesday,
 7:30 pm. - Baptismal service just below the Snake River Bridge on Sunset Road. Trans portation will leave the church at 700 pm. sharp.
 THE FRIENDLY CHURCH WITH THE SINGING TOWER THE EVANGELICAL MISSION
 COVENANT CHURCH
 Paul B. F. Carlson. Pastor Sunday 1000 a.m.-Sunday School classes for all ages. 11:00 am. - Service in Native language. 400 p.m.-Choir rehearsal. 7:30 p.m.-Evening Worship Serv- ice with the Choir singing. Tuesday, 800 to 4:3O p.m-Children's Bible Hour. 7:30 p.m.-Cottage Prayer Service. Thursday 7.30 p.m.-Midweek Prayer Serv- ice at Church, followed by choir rehearsal.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-06

"4-on" Duplicate Receipt Books
 al the Nugget
Evening star., 1951-08-19

Top -Groin Cowhide Leother Vonity Cose beou
tifuIly mode with washable lining; boosts four
adjustable loops for jors and bottles securely.
ldeoI for any Compus-Bound ehi! Intioled
free! $500
"pius 20q Federal tax
Evening star., 1951-08-19

Aluminium Loundy cose with hondy cord
fromes, oII-oround canvas strops. This Air
way Aluminium Mailing Cose hos one-piece
unbreokobIe steel frame around cose. Strong
enough for 2OO-Ib man to jump on it. $3.50
Federal
WASHINGTON. ID. G., AUGUST ls, Is5l-Page 5
Evening star., 1951-08-19

Beekers Wardrobe Trunk with roony drowers,
special locking device dust curtain and
serviceobIe lining. This handsome Stondord
size Trunk will serve os on extro wardrobe
chest. In shiny fibre over heovy veneer ply
wood .. sturdy hardware lock! $3.50"
sDlus 2O6 Federal