davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-11-25

commanders OF each section as we
drove along the breastWorks.
He goes along with the idea of
some historians that Burnside could
have won that battle, captured or
destroyed Lees army and ended the
Civil War then and there, if he had
followed UP Col. uater GEM Meade's
success on the eastern flank.
But Burnside was back in his
headquarters playing cards and
drinking whisky" DR.. Bob said.
That's preachers report on how
the battle was lost I countered.
You will find it in the history
books DR.. Bob said firmly.
We worked that part of the thicket
for time but we had scattered the
covey and lost them. So we returned
and drove back toward Fredericks-
burg.
We went well east of the town on
the right bank of the Rappahannock,
beyond the country club, to an area
owned by sand and gravel company,
The dogs shifted birds the minute
they got out of the car. They had
flushed covey there yesterday. They
circled around bit and Nell pointed.
Prince and the Duchess followed her,
all attention. Nell crept forward and
flushed junko. one of the little
slate-colored snowbirds which show
two white feathers in their tail when
they fly. They are about the size of
sparrow.
Nelrs Young Dog
That startled Nell, who, after all
is very young dog. She chased the
snowbird and flushed a big covey of
quail just beyond gunshot. They few
into the heavily wooded bank of the
Rappahannock. DR.. Bob shook her
by the collar and subjected her to
that moral disapproval that only a
preacher can bring to bear.
you walk along the bank ahead
of us. George" said DR.. Bob. land
we will 60 down there and work up
stream. When we flush them they
are bound to fly out right ahead of
you"
walked along the edge and DR.
Bob and Harry fought their way
through the underbrush on the steep
river bank.
"You have to be pure of heart to
60 through this" DR.. Bob sang out
cheerfully- From this 57-year-old
preacher. such remark made a 81
year-old reporter feel a little guilty.
felt more guilty when I turned my
back little later to go around a gully
and bird, the only one to come out,
few over my right shoulder and dis
Evening star., 1951-11-25
Star Stan Photo.

recommendations are not enough,
they feel. Pointing to the legal vic
tory in the gas rate case, some see
form OF substitute for the ballot in
the courts. If distasteful situations
cannot be remedied by suffrage, they
say. they can be taken up through
the judiciary.
Dr. -Veals plan to campaign for
greater membership and increased
public interest may not align itself
with his desire for harmony in the
Federation, since harmony sometimes
creates apathy. On the other hand,
he seems to be looking toward the
day when the District will regain
some form of suffrage. When that
arrives. the Federation of Citizens
Associations will have a new set of
muscles and voice loud enough to
be heard in Congress and elsewhere.
In the meantime, he hopes to restore
some semblance of peace to the group
while it waits for some other civic
issue to fight.
Evening star., 1951-11-25
French Crisis
Our Second Biggest Ally Faces
Woes Worse Than Brituin's
By Wheeler Johnson

In assessing resources for Western
Europe's defense. the British Empires
plight gets most attention.
1t is popular to talk of the nearly
empty British treasury, the austerity
under which the British live, the
country's loss of badly needed oil and
many other problems that appear
almost insurmountable.
For that reason the troubles of
France. third important North At
lantic Treaty partner, escape with
little notice here. Yet its woes prob
ably worry Gen. Eisenhower just as
much as do those of the British En-
pire. And at the bottom of those
woes there is the same basic factor
shortage of dollars.
Bio Strides After War
In the early days of recovery after
World War II, France probably MADE
greater strides than any other West
ern European country. It was quick
to get its factories back in operation,
to repair it's railroads and take other
steps toward restoration of its war
torn economy. Before it began to
feel the impact of the rearmament
program its production rate was 80
per cent higher than the 1888 level.
But on top of Frances struggle to
increase it's production of civilian
goods for export-and thus get dollar
credits-came the need for greater
defense spending. While France has
the factories and machines to provide
for its rearmament and still turn out
civilian goods. much of its raw ma
terials both for defense and civilian
supply must be imported. with
resultant drain on its dollars. Along
with its vanishing dollars. France
Evening star., 1951-11-25

DR.. Bob. "It must be mighty sweet
smell to them"
We entered the thicket and started
to work it. three abreast, about 100
feet apart. 1t was then I realized
how dangerous a thing a gun is in
the hands of greenhorn. I have
been duck hunting. A gun is rela-
lively safe in blind-but even there
accidents occur. In the tangle of
honeysuckle, grape and thorned berry
branches-a tangle of fingers that
might pull the trigger-you check to
see that the safety is on and resolve
that you are not going to let the
gun get pointed at you. But as you
hurry to try to keep up. jump over
deep little gullies and duck under
barbed wire. tearing your clothes,
you forget and find yourself looking
right into the muzzle.
Harry on the Left
Finally. DR.. Bob and I left the
thicket. We could hear Harry work.
ing it to our left.
Harry talks to his dog lot" said
DR.. Bob. IF you just talk to them.
they'll do what they have mind to
do anyway"
He blew his silver whistle and mo-
toned toward the thicket.
Watch" he said.
Both dogs wheeled and ran to the
edge of it. Nell froze to a point.
Prince, 10 feet behind her. stood still
watching.
Stand back. Harry" DR.. Bob
shouted toward the thicket. MY
dogs are making game"
Nell went ahead, belly to the
ground. A covey of a dozen birds
broke from point about Is feet from
the thicket and. with a whirring
sound. flew into 1t. DR.. Bob fired
twice but didn't get any. was
standing well in the rear. I had
decided to witness. rather than par
ticipate in, the initial action.
I'D have got them. but I didn't
know where Harry was" DR.. Bob
explained.
Buzzed by Bird
Harry Joined us and we entered
the thicket in the direction the birds
had flown. I came up in the rear
watching. Three birds were flushed.
DR.. Bob got a shot at one but missed
again. One of the birds did not fly
ahead. He few right over my shoul-
der. I didn't shoot. I hadn't fig
ured on that.
We turned to the right off Route
through Battlefield Park. DR.. Bob
was well up on the battle. December
Is, 1862. He named the division
Evening star., 1951-11-25
Districts Chief Forum Shows Signs Of Maturing
By Hugh Humphrey

Voteless Washington's voice of the
people-the Federation of Citizens
Associations-is nearing the end of
a year which may be recorded as
the stormiest and most productive
IN its 41-year history.
Torn by dissension over internal
affairs, it recently has been accused
of "meddling" in issues beyond its
authority. At the same time. on the
other hand, has been acclaimed as
powerful champion of the average
District resident.
Some members have charged that
the group has lost prestige before
the public. Another faction has re-
piled that, for the first time, the
Federation. this year has won
major battle on an important civic
issue.
In its election of officers three
weeks ago. the campaigns assumed
the complexion of a real knock
down, drag-out political contest, fai
removed from the usual popularity
polls" by which officers had been
chosen for many years. The familiar
ring of national issues surrounded
the candidates. They were questioned
closely and heatedly on the Commu-
mist question; they were examined on
their racial policies. Charges of pro
utility" and "anti-utility" were
hurled by opposing sides.
New High in Interest
Public interest in the campaigns
and issues involved reached new
high. Many observers have compared
it to the reaction generally associated
with bitterly contested State and
municipal elections where each citi-
zens vote plays part.
The Federation split actually had
its genesis two years ago in the gas
rate increase case. After a round of
court battles, the Washington Gas
Light Co. was declared the loser and
was ordered to refund $3.50, 900 to
consumers. The case was won BY
Vernon v. Baker, who, while acting
as an individual, had the moral sup
port OF the Federation. During the
case. he was joined by Attorney Her.
bert Leeman, then president of the
Federation. and Attorney William A.
Roberts.
Then the trouble started. When
Mr.. Baker entered the scrap, he did
so on his own. without financial help.
In his order to the gas company. the
late Judge T. Alan Goldsborough of
District Court also set aside $67.7l5
of the refund to be split between the
three men as fees for their legal
services.
Uproor Over Fees
The uproar in the Federation was
quick and loud. A few of the affili-
ated citizens associations defended
the fee to Messrs. Baker, Leeman and
Roberts, but the majority felt that
they had no right to the money since
Evening star., 1951-11-25
Industrial roining-
Big Firms Are Turning to Universities
To Improve Workers know-How
By Colt HendIey, Jr.

not help in promotion and may or
may not send students. In some
cases, tuition is paid for group Of
students by the organization. The
services send men as part OF their
training programs. paying the tuition.
Other special courses held by Amer
lean University include sales man
ayers conference, in cooperation
with the Washington Sales Executives
Club; course dealing with manage
ment problems designed for depart
ment store junior executives and
taught by department store officials;
retail salesmanship, also for the de-
partment stores, and real estate
courses. in cooperation with the
Washington Real Estate Board (en-
rollment about 200, with many turned
away for lack of space)
The university has, or has had, an
stitutes on employe communications
Chow the boss can keep in touch with
his workers.; Institutes for business
management Of laundries; a hotel
managers institute, and course in
cooperation with the investment
bankers of Washington, which is used
for job training.
DR.. Nathan Baily, director of busi-
ness studies, says this special field is
becoming more and more important
as business firms realize the need for
properly trained workers.
Noy Uses GNU
Government is the principal busi-
ness around Washington. of course.
and so most of the training activities
here involve government agencies.
George Washington University has
two large programs currently running.
One is for the Navy. The course in
controllership gives 81 captains, COM
manderS and lieutenant commanders
full years training. The other is
for the Air Force and concerns man
power management. It involves six
weeks of study. The fourth group is
now hard at work. The groups have
between 100 and $50 men from all
parts of the country.
George Washington University also
has course in naval architecture
organized expressly at the request of
the Navy Department. A number of
other special courses for government
agencies are being drawn up now.
The University of Maryland, for
some time. has held special training
programs for Maryland firemen, q
tax assessors school for Maryland
tax assessors, a school for police Of
ficers and for Maryland magistrates.
The agriculture division of the uni
versity does extensive training outside
the classroom. the All Club work be-
ing one example.
DR.. Love, in reaching his conclu-
sion that the trend is increasing over
the Nation, says:
Businessmen tell us that these
courses are paying off, not only in
increased interest and efficiency, but
also in actual decreases In the high
costs of breaking in employees"
Evening star., 1951-11-25

volved in this thing (the Pepco case)
on somebody's gamble that he'll get
himself a $4,000 fee. We've had
enough scandal around this town in
the past two months to ruin this Fed
eration." he declared.
Veal Emerees
At the climax of this intra- Fedora
ton battle. DR.. J. Ross Veal, a we'll
known District physician, emerged
as the new president of the group.
While his opponent. Attorney Thomas
B. Scott. presented a 12-point plat
form for reform in the Federation,
Dr.. Veal campaigned on a theme of
unity and internal strength by in
creasing membership.
Many Federation members regard
the utilities dispute as healthy sign.
They feel that the group has been in
the doldrums for many years by re-
fusing to take a militant stand on
public problems. Resolutions and
Evening star., 1951-11-25

it was coming from the refund due
consumers. The fact that the three
men also started wrangling over the
division Of the fee didn't help Fedora
ton unity. many stalwarts in the
group charged Several of them
expressed belief that the dispute had
caused the group to lose prestige.
Tomorrow. Mr.. Leeman will take
off on another utilities battle when
ne begins pretrial conferences before
Judge Alexander Holtzoff in his suit
to block a rate increase by the Po-
tomac Electric Power Co. This time.
however, he won't have the official
support of the Federation. regardless
of how individual members may feel,
because the group recently voted to
keep hands off in this case.
John H. Connaughton, a Fedora
ton stalwart. expressed the majority
opinion during bitter dispute over
the issue.
Il don't see why We should get in
Evening star., 1951-11-25

fidence Tuesday by q slim margin,
and thus survived for time. How
long his government can continue
is question.
The reason for the call for con-
fidence vote is one indication of the
difficulty France faces. In the pre-
vious week, the National Assembly
had been engaged in bitter 10
hour debate on the proposed aus
terity budget under which the gov
ernment seeks to decrease its dollar
gap. Mr.. Pleven escaped a show
down by calling for the. confidence
vote. That move gave him three
days grace to rally his forces in
support of unpopular austerity In
the end he came up with barely
enough votes to keep control. At
the time Mr.. Pleven made his stra-
tegic move. some observers pointed
ott that many French politicians
would not like to see France with
out government while the United
Nations General Assembly is meeting
in Paris.
Cut in Imports
The confidence vote indorsed the
stringent program outlined by FL
nance Minister Rene Mayer which
calls for cut Of about $400 mil
lion in imports, thus saving some
dollars. The program embodies an
immediate halt to the import of
American woodpulp and tobacco and
would sharply reduce next years
import of cotton. Other things the
finance minister suggested were the
possibility Of ending coal imports by
January l and Of restricting traffic
to save gasoline. The gasoline saw
ing idea ties in with another ac-
ton taken in October. In its effort
to extract more taxes on which it
could certainly lay it's hands, the
government already had raised the
gasoline price from $3.50 francs to
81 francs litre (from So cents to
692 cents gallon at the official
rate).
Austerity Unpopular
The French people are extremely
unlikely to take kindly to further
austerity. Mr.. Mayors program is
highly unpopular with them. The
average Frenchman is a rugged in
dividualist and instinctively dislikes
any form of regulation over his
personal mode of living. Another part
OF the program which is likely to
force another crisis on the govern
ment in the future Is Mr.. Mayors
call for 200 billion franc (nearly
$500 million) tax increase. includ-
ing a new levy on excess profits.
The tax increase proposal was in
dorsed by Tuesdays confidence vote.
but with the slim margin under
which Mr.. Pleven's government is
operating. the picture could change
almost any time.
Low Average Woee
The call for increased taxes draws
attention to wageS-another cause
OF unrest in France today. One
hundred francs an hour (about Is
cents is considered an average
wage in France today. With Korean
war imitation bearing down. labor
is restive. Only 10 days ago the
French coal fields were virtually
shut down by strike in protest
against q government t-ordered in
in the cost Of miners health services.
Evening star., 1951-11-25

It may be that the American busi-
nessman is going to replace Uncle
Sam in providing both students and
tuition to the colleges and univer-
stiles of the country.
There Is a trend in that direction,
now that tuition payments for vet
Grams under the CT Bill of Rights
are running out. One of those who
has spotted the trend is DR.. Robert
A. Love, president of the Association
of University Evening Colleges. He
has just completed a Nationwide
check of his organization.
DR.. Love says the success of the
GI program in training veterans
quickly for business proved to prac-
tical businessmen that there may be
some tangible value in the educa-
tional field after all. The result has
been a big increase in the number OF
business organizations sending en-
ployes to college to get further train
ing.
In the District area, the trend is
not pronounced. American University.
to be sure, has gone in for special
training in big way, and George
Washington University has special
programs for the Navy and Air Force
But Georgetown University, Catholic
University and the University of
Maryland report little or no activity
IN this particular field
Cost Is DeduetibIe
Dr. Love, however, thinks the trend
will grow as personnel shortages
force companies to protect themselves
by having employees trained. In ad-
dition, higher taxes are an acceler-
ating influence, he says, since busi-
ness firms may deduct five per cent
for educational purposes
Another form of business aid to
colleges is the active sponsorship of
particular courses by hundreds of
business organizations. DR.. Love re-
ports that more than 425 associations
are cooperating with colleges and
universities on courses ranging from
banking to dude ranching.
American University's program
gives a good picture of this trend.
Four institutes are held each year in
the transportation field. They last
three or four weeks and attract up to
30 persons each-all employees in the
field.
The air institute is sponsored by
the Civil Aeronautics Administra-
ton, the Air Force and the Air
Transport Association. The Traffic
Institute is sponsored by the Air
Force, the Navy and the Army. The
Foreign Transportation Institute is
in cooperation with the Military Sea
Transport Service, the Air Transport
Association, the Association of Amer
lean Railroads andhthe National Fed
Grafton of American Shipping. The
Railroad Association sponsors a Rail
Institute.
Some Courses Crowded
DR.. L. M. Homberger, director of
these Institutes. said that sponsor
ship means the courses are planned
: with organizations, which may ormay
Evening star., 1951-11-25

is feeling a terrible pinch of imitation.
The rise in French prices since the
start of the Korean war has been
about twice that in the United States.
No Strong Party
Some outward signs point to the
precarious position occupied by
France and the government of Pre-
mier Rene Pleven. There is, of course.
no strong dominant party now on
the French scene, and Mr.. Pleven's
government Is held together by what
Is at best very tenuous coalition.
Mr.. Pleven survived q vote Of con-
Evening star., 1951-05-07

| A description of the filth car,
ried by rivers of America is con-
tanned in a report made public
today by the Public Health Serv-
ice.
In releasing the report, Federal
Security Administrator Oscar R.
Ewing said pollution is seriously
cutting down the water supply
for industrial and domestic re-
quirements. Widespread con-
struction of treatment facilities
will be necessary during the next
10 years to conserve water re-
sources for the Nations current
emergency needs and future
growth, Mr.. Ewing added.
Vast Expenditure Seen.
He said 10000 new treatment
plants, along with replacemeptS
and additions to present facilities
will be needed for industrial ex-
Ipansion and population growth
over the next decade. This will
require public and private expen-
ditures of from SO billion to $12
billion.
The report gives the first ma
Itional summaries of pollution
data from initial State and Fed
eral studies for the development
of comprehensive abatement pro-
grams. 1t was released concur
Irently with the annual conference
here of State sanitary engineers.
The conference is discussing the
progress of sanitation programs
with the Public Health Service.
Commenting on the report,
Sturgeon General Leonard A.
Scheele said the estimated 10000
treatment plants represent only
part of present needs, since re-
quirements of 1900 municipalities
and $500 industries, are still un-
determined.
$4,000 Sources Listed.
The report lists more than 22.-
900 known sources of pollution in
the United States, nearly equally
divided between municipalities and
industries.
The responsibility Of local COM
munities in fighting pollution Is
emphasized.
Communities not treating their
domestic wastes" the report states.
ARE the actual polluters. and upon
them rests the final specific re-
sponsibility for installing treat
ment works. They alone have the
Evening star., 1951-05-07

ties for treatment plant con-
struction also is authorized under
the National Water Pollution
Control Act.
Cleaning up the rivers, lakes
and bays of our country will re-
quire a great deal of money! the
report states. "To put a dollar
sign on the many intangible bene-
fits of pollution abatement, how
ever, would be totalled unrealis-
tic. Nevertheless, waste treatment
plant construction costs money;
and the important question that
will be raised by those who have
the responsibility for abatement
all of us-is: How much?"
The report then goes on to
Evening star., 1951-05-07

power to tax the citizen directly
for such needed construction.
Likewise" the report continues,
"in the abatement Of industrial
pollution, specific responsibility
rests upon the particular industry
or plant that discharges untreated
waste. They are the polluters-
theirs is the responsibility for TAX
ing care of their pollution"
State Aid Offered.
The report adds, however. that
the widespread character of the
pollution problem has impelled
some States to offer communities
treatment facility funds. Federal
financial assistance to States, in
terstate agencies and municipali-
Evening star., 1951-05-07

Show that protection against
water pollution. when taken on
a per capita basis, is not really
SO expensive after all. The aver
age family. it is stated, can
purchase this protection for the
price of a daily candy bar.
Evening star., 1951-05-07

Randall Motors, Inc.
1850 18th st. NV.
Washington, d. C.
Skinker Motor Co., Inc.
l216-28 10th Street NV.
Washington, d. C.
Toms Auto Service, Inc.
637 N Street NV.
Washington, d. C.
Evening star., 1951-05-07

Although 43 States limit the
hours of employment for women
to protect their health, statistics
show that women, on the average,
outlive men by several years.
Evening star., 1951-05-07
Jewish Society to Meet

The Washington Junior Auxil-
iary Of the Jewish Comsumptive
Relief Society will meet at 8 pm.
tomorrow in the Willard Hotel.
Evening star., 1951-05-07

Royal Motors, Inc.
4100 Georgia Ave. NV.
Washington, D. c.
Anacostia Motor CO., Inc.
170S Good Hope Rd. S.E.
Washington, d. C.
H. b. Leary, Jr. & Bros, Inc.
1920 You Street NV.
Washington, d. c.
Evening star., 1951-05-07
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