Evening star., 1951-08-26
Job Handbook
Gives Advice on
Career Outlook
Labor Department
Volume AnoIyzes
Employment Field
By jack Jones

GuLlIty, OUT IL b 1lICl6 QlIuCUl6 CC
tell on>which door the knock will
come.
So. the Labor Department says
in its .sOccupational Outlook
Handbook" published today, the
young people Of the Nation had
better be aware of the job oppor-
tunities in a constantly shifting
economy.
The handbook was put out tc
help advise them.
The book covers occupations
from accounting to X-ray tech
nicians, taking them up one by
one. It points out the long range
prospects in each field, and what
training and education is needed
Principally, it stresses that more
and more education is necessary
to get and hold a job.
The book. a repeat OF similar
volume which sold 10000 copies
in 1949, is scheduled for use
chiefly by the United States
Employment Service, schools, COL
leges, the Veterans AdminiStra-
tion, the armed forces, and any
others interested in counselIing
the is million young people who
enter the labor force each year,
Example of Change.
Thnc0 xuyhA -
bartenderS, blackSmiths, COW test
ers, dining car cooks. "G-men," "
jewelers., or any other of jobs
listed in the volume will find the
opportunities described. 1t covers
the professions. administrative
jobs. skilled and unskilled work.
Constant change is the most
significant aspect of the occu-
pational and industrial world in
which we live" the authors relate
A recent example is given.
The mobilization program
which followed Korea brought a
big change in the job picture, in
creasing opportunities in some
lines and curtailing them in
others:
Accountants, a crowded field
soon became scarce. Industry had
estimated late in 1949 that 80 pei
cent fewer engineers wo6Dd be
hired in 1850.
But, the handbook says, "any
recent graduates who had taken
non-engineering jobs could find
opportunities to transfer to en-
gineering work" BY 1860, it is
predicted that engineering en-
ployment may rise to 100000,
some 100000 more than in 1948.
BARRIERS Up, COopers Down.
A long-range change is indi-
Gated in what happened to the
BARRIERS and coopers since 1870.
In that year there were less than
$4,000 BARRIERS, and nearly $4,000
coopers.
BY 1880. there were more than
250,000 BARRIERS, but only about
10000 coopers. The number of bar
bers had declined to little better
than 100000 by 1910, but the num-
ber Of cooperS was so small that
they weren't even counted by the
census takers. Changes in pack
aging, the handbook says, brought
the decline in coopers.
Although we cannot foresee
anywhere near all that may hap-
pen," the handbook reports, "a
real service will have been per-
formed If young people are made
aware Of the dynamic character
OF the economy, and if they are
prepared to expect changes and to
adjust to them. This means main
tanning the utmost flexibility and
taking the broadest kind of train
ing consistent with adequate prep
aratlon for a particular occupa-
ton"
In the matter of training, the
book points out that the number
OF bachelors degrees awarded
jumped from fewer than 200 900
in 1910 to more than 350,000 in
1850. Masters and doctors degrees
increased proportionately.
But business" it adds, ''is still
noted as a field in which many
men with outstanding ability and
energy are able to rise without
benefit of college education"
Teaching Demand Strong.
The demand in the teaching
f1eld-already the largest single
professionally continue good. It
will be affected, both by the in
creased postwar birth-rate, and
demands of the armed forces. The
postwar "baby boom" may cause
a need for 100000 more elemen-
tary school teachers by 1857.
There still are too many lawyers.
The handbook says the profession
is overcrowded and likely will re-
main so during the next few years
The prospect is excellent for
physicians-if would-be doctors
can gain admittance to medical
school.
"The net increase in the num-
Der of physicians will be moder-
ate," the handbook says, "and is
not expected to equal the in
creased demand for medical serv-
ice."
The outlook for dentists also
is good. =
But, despite the shortages Of
workers in some occupations, anc
the fact that women have more
time on their hands, it's still q
mans world.
The great majority of married
women, particularly those with
small children, still devote theil
full time to household work." the
handbook reports.
Youth Ratio Dwindles.
Other items reported:
/: As the aged population grows
there will be demand for med
ical services, for institutions tt
care for the aged, and for those
types Of goods and services which
meet their needs.
2: The proportion of youth ir
the labor force is declining. mostly
because of longer periods oi