Evening star., 1951-04-15


ward conclusion by summer, the
preparation of that treaty is so
far advanced that his departure
now will have little effect on it.
Mr.. Dulles is flying to Japan to
consult with 1t. Gen. Matthew B.
Ridgway, Gen. MacArthur'S sue
cessor, on final phases of the Japa-
nese treaty.
Gen. Macarthur and his adj
viserS undoubtedly were largely
responsible for the decision to
encourage japanese rearmament,
converting our former enemy into
an active ally of the United States
when and if Communist aggres-
sion reaches into Japan.
The danger that a stalemate in
Korea might, be followed by a
suddenly aggressive Red reaction,
perhaps spreading the conflict to
Japan, is an element of compul-
sion for speed In winding up the
treaty and permitting Japan to get
started on its rearmament pro-
gram, which will involve many
complications of domestic and
foreign politics.
The text Of the treaty draft
published in this country more
than a week ago was only prelim-
mary, the State Department now
discloses, and is being revised con-
stantly to meet the insistence Of
participating nations for specific
points.
One point of hot controversy In
the British demand made early
this month that Formosa be as
signed in the treaty to China
presumably Red China, for Bri-
tain has withdrawn recognition
from the Nationalists-and that
the Chinese Reds be taken into
negotiations on the treaty.
The American Government is
not disposed to fiout all those
groups in this country who would
be outraged by decision to give
Formosa to the Reds. yet it can
not turn a cold shoulder to
the feelings of other govern
|ments which participated in the
Pacific war and now claim a voice
in the japanese settlement.
The request that the Peiping
government be taken into the Jap
treaty negotiations was promptly
rejected by the United States.
since it would involve recognition
of the Chinese Reds and that
awaits settlement of lot of other
issues.
The Australians and New Zea-
landers are insistent that the
treaty provide adequate guaran-
tees against revival of militarism
in Japan along with the green
light it will give for Japan's re-
armament. Some consideration
is being given to meeting these
requests.
Philippines Ask Reparations
The Philippines, too, are clam
oring for reparations from Japan
out of its current production, a
demand which the other nations
in the Japanese negotiations are
not disposed to meet. The prin-
cipal reason is that payment Of
Preparations from Japan's current
production would seriously under
mine her recovery and provide an
unsound basis for building her as
an ally of the West.
Gen. Macarthur was dead set
against the Philippine reparations
demands, but this opposition was
SO general among American eco
nomic experts that his departure
from the Tokyo scene will in no
way weaken the American position
on this issue.
Although Gen. MacArthur's de-
parture will have no real effect
on the treaty negotiations, it may
influence specifically the conduct
of the occupation of Japan. 1t will
not. however, alter the lines Of
policy along which the occupation
has been carried out.
Occupation policies have been
laid down in a series of more than
100 directiveS by the Far Eastern
Commission. Gen. Macarthur has
been guided by those directives,
and what influence he has had
has been in the direction of assist
ing the Japanese. within the limits
Of his directives, to rise again to
economic and political independ-
ence
Gen. Ridgway, taking COM
mand of both the occupa-
ton and the Korean war, will
find the former so firmly estab-
lished as the result of Gen. Mac
Arthur's six years in Tokyo that
there will be little to occupy his
attention on this score except to
deal with the liquidation of the
occupation administration when
the treaty comes into force.
Gen. Macarthur unquestionably
stirred tremendous personal af-
fection among the Japanese. who
looked to him as a kind of god.
sitting high above their Emperor.
His departure has aroused them
deeply and they will not find in
the new commander the same
|fatherly attentions which Gen.
Macarthur gave them.
AS far as Japanese internal Sc
Icurity is concerned the generals
removal will have no great effect.
|Security against Communist in
filtration is already in the hands
lof the national government and its
rs ,000-man national police reserve,
which the Russians have charged
was the core of a new Japanese
army being built under Western
auspices.
On the whole the japanese have
conducted themselves so well as
an occupied nation that Gen. Mac
Arthur felt free to move all four
of his occupation divisions to Ko-
rea when the need for them there
ttaoovoa rlaor Tbora iS thIlc M