davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-09-16

bought. The average price today,
combining all of the % qualities, good
and bad. is $43 ton.
Actually, GSA will be buying back
an amount less than was sold abroad
0y the United States firms in 1850
approximately 111,000 tons to be
bought at the current average price,
compared with some 10000 shipped
10 friendly countries" last year.
Another Government project to
keep the scrap flowing to the mills
is the protected raising of 125 ships
sunk off the United States and
Alaskan coastlines by submarines
during World War II.
Contracts already have been let for
the raising of three such ships-off
New Orleans Key West, and Nome
to bring in ar. estimated $4,000 tons.
These are costly operations but a
good quality of scrap is expected to
offset the cost.
The Government also is eyeing
The waters of the Marianas, but so
far this is just in the conjecture
stage There are 81 ships which
could be raised there.
A proposal is to be made to India
to purchase scrap from that coun-
try.
ConoI Zone Contributes
In addition to its purchase efforts,
the Government is securing the ter
ritories for all available scrap. In
The Panama Canal Zone, a coaling
station at CriStobal on the Atlantic
end of the canal is being razed for an
estimated 1,500 tons.
In July Of this year, 1900 tons Of
scrap flowed through New York from
Panama Canal Zone, and another
2,700 was brought in during August.
Hawaii has garnered $4,000 tons
Of scrap iron and steel for shipment
to the mainland. Individual planters
in the islands have brought together
another $500 tons.
Alaska reports shiploads and barges
laden with scrap moving from Nome
and Skagaway to Seattle, with more
coming out Of Adak and UnalaSka.
The Virgin Islands, where there is
no industry, have managed to un--
cover 220 tons.
At home, as the industry drive
gets under way, scrap is beginning
to turn up by the carload, but there
aren't enough carloads. That's the
reason for combing the worlds junk
yards.
For the present. there will be no
door-to-door tin can campaign
among housewives, as there was dur
ing World War II. And Manly
Fleischmann. defense production
administrator, hopes it won't be nec-
essary. What happens in the future
depends on the Governments success
throughout the world -
Evening star., 1951-09-16

to this country, they go into units
which profit by the ieavening.
Our So allies in the United Ma
tionS effort, meanwhile, have boil
stored their forces somewhat in
Korea. In the United States view,
of course, they have not done
enough. A stock American item
on every agenda in talks with these
nations is the fact that we are
doing 80 per cent of the fighting
and dying and more than 80 per
cent of the spending. Almost daily,
we ask our allies for more.
But they have answers which
seem reasonable, within the frame
work of their own problems. The
British, for example, point out that
the United Kingdom alone is gar
riSoning 10 areas, and has a higher
proportion of its population in
uniform than we do. The French
are fighting their own war in Indo-
China. The Filipinos have Hulk
trouble at home Other nations
have given all they feel they can
spare, and some literally have
nothing but moral support to give.
Improved Supply
Whatever material aid - as
opposed to manpower aid-we are
getting from the other countries,
the United States supply system is
the big factor. Our logistics prom
Use to be better than last year, our
supply chiefs having had an oppor-
tunity to second guess last years
mistakes. Supply discipline-which
means teaching man not to throw
away his overcoat just because it's
a warm day-haS been sharpened
up. Everything points to regular
supply service to the man in the
foxhole.
If and when the fighting resumes,
therefore, we appear to be in
Evening star., 1951-09-16

are reported to be better equipped
and more able and willing to fight
this year than last.
How the quality of this years
Communist force stacks up against
last years is not definitely known.
Before the truce talks began, the
Reds seemed to be Scraping the bot
tom of the barrel. Since then, they
have, of course, brought in rein
forcements. There have been re-
ports of "Caucasians" newly arrived
in North Korea While these might
be Russians, the Pentagon Is in
clined to doubt it.
Rototion Under Way
The manpower situation in the
United States has improved enough
since last year to permit a full
scale rotation program. Gen. Col
linS, Army Chief of Staff, says last
winters veterans would be sent
home soon enough to avoid sec
ond cold season at the front.
In order to avoid flooding the
front with green men at any time,
the Army is infiltrating State-side
troops into the combat units bit by
bit Thus, the new men gain ex-
perience alongside their seasoned
buddies-a much better situation
than prevailed last year, when all
our troops were green.
The thought that we are pulling
out of Korea the veterans who have
made our Army there perhaps the
toughest we have ever fielded may
cause some anxious feelings here.
But the morale value of the move
is obvious. To man at the front,
the knowledge that he can go home
at a predictable time, without
necessarily first suffering a wound
or frostbite is a great lift. And the
move also has its practical value.
AS these seasoned fighters return
Evening star., 1951-09-16
Get That Scrop Is the Signal for Worldwide Treasure Hunt

An international treasure hunt is
under way in the worlds junk yards
and the new schoolhouse down the
street or the road to grandfather's
farm or another tank for NATO's
army may depend on the outcome.
The treasure is scrap steel.
Scrap, vital to the steel industry
everywhere, has become the object of
a tug-of-war among nations as they
battle for more and more production
in the face of increasing shortages.
Last week, Defense Mobilizer
Charles E. Wilson sounded the alarm
as sharp reminder to those charged
with gathering scrap at home that
the scrap had better start flowing
more heavily to the mills.
Get out and get that damn scrap,
he told them. Next week, Mr.. Wilson
intends to give the steel industry
itself similar pep talk, when that
induStry's leaders gather here at his
beheSt.
And Uncle Sam, whose success in
cornering steel scrap abroad has been
far short Of phenomenal, has set out
to recapture his reputation for max
ing a shrewd business deal in the
international market. With fierce
bidding in prospect, scrap threatens
to become, figuratively, worth its
weight in gold.
Cool: 36 Million Tons
The need is more pressing than
ever, since the National Production
Administration has set goal Of 10
million tons of steel for 1851 and
even more for 1852. To turn out this
goal for this year, the steel industry
is going to need 36 million tons Of
purchased scrap. The purchased
scrap is combined with production
scrap-the by-product of the mills
themselves.
Despite the drive among industries
at home, there won't be enough from
these domestic sources to meet the
demand.
To supplement what is bought
through scrap dealers here, the Gov
ernment is going into the battle
fields Of Korea, into the oceans
Souching the United States coastline,
INTO the waters of the South Pacific
and into the markets of other ma
tions.
The high production goal set for
The steel industry points up the need
for scrap. For the most efficient
production, the industry needs to put
in a half a ton of scrap for every
ton Of steel produced. Steel could.
theoretically be processed exclusively
from pig iron. But if that had to be
done. production would fall so low
there wouldn't be enough steel for
military needs and none for civilian
needs.
The higher the proportion of pig
Evening star., 1951-09-16
BY Jock Jonas

which belongs to the Korean gov
ernment.
In dipping further into foreign
scrap sources, the United States is
moving into a highly competitive
field. Despite all the damage done by
the war, scrap has again become
scarce in England. Western Europe
is in the same situation.
The production of England and
Western Europe combined last year
was 35 million tons of steel, COM
pared with that in the United States
of 96 million tons.
Reds Need 1t, Too
Although there is no source for
an estimate of the immediate need for
scrap steel in the iron curtain coun-
tries, including Russia herself, it is
safe to assume that they are in the
same situation as England and West
ern Europe. Steel production behind
the iron curtain was estimated at "a
million tons last year.
AS an indication of the Tightening
scrap situation in the war-torn
countries, there is the United States
1850 experience with Western Ger
many. The Germans had promised
Evening star., 1951-09-16

position to hold our own. We may
not be able, in the kind of war we
have been fighting, to run the Reds
out of Korea. But their chances of
chasing us out are even simmer.
We are no worse off than we were
when the Kaesong talks began.
Having made this honorable try at
a peaceful solution, it may be we
will be better able to face what lies
ahead.
Evening star., 1951-07-10
18th and 43d Divisions
To Be Sent 10 Europe

The Army announced today
that the 28th and 43d Infantry
divisions had been alerted fol
movement to Europe this fall.
The 28th division, known as the
Keystone, is from Pennsylvania
and has been training at Camp
Atterbury, Ind, since it was Or
dered into active military service
last September.
The 43d Division, also calleo
into service last September, is
composed principally of personne
from Rhode Island, Connecticut
and Vermont. 1t has been train.
ing at Camp Pickett. Va.
Maj. Gen. Daniel B. Stricklel
commands the 28th Division anc
Maj. Gen. Kenneth F. Cramer il
in command of the 43d. Gen
Cramer is former chief of the
National Guard Bureau.
Previously the Army had boil.
stored Gen. Eisenhower's com.
posite Western European defense
force with two regular divisions
the 4th Infantry and the I'd Ar
Imored divisions.
Evening star., 1951-07-10
New East-West Crises Seen
In Reich-J Japan Treaty Moves
Diplomatic Observers in Moscow Soid
To Believe Reds Are Sure to RetuIiute

IChlneSe people-meaning the Chi
nese Communist government-will
never permit the resurrection of
japanese militarism." They are
charging that the move toward a
Japanese treaty is part of a plan
to remilitarize Japan.
Japan and Germany are the two
sorest spots in international rela-
tions so far as Moscow is con-
|cerned.
During the weeks leading up to
the French elections, the Russians
said several times that prelim-
mary steps were being laid for a
number of German developments
such as moves to get German
military units into the Atlantic
pact army of Gen. Eisenhower
and to make concessions to Ger
many for any such contributions.
This is something the Russians
violently oppose. Possibly it is the
thing they oppose most of all,
having been consistently vocal
against anything that looked like
Iremilitarization of Western Ger
many. The Western observers here
say that the situation may be-
come more difficult than ever
before if German units join the
Atlantic army.
Evening star., 1951-07-10
BLACK Is AssoiIed
BY Pennsykonion
AT House Heurino

Representative Walter, Demo.
crat, of Pennsylvania, second
ranking member of the House Un.
American Activities Committee
today assailed Supreme Court
Justice Black.
After Harold Buchanan, Bal.
timore attorney and committee
witness, praised Justice Blacks
dissenting opinion in the case o1
the convicted II top Communist
Leaders, saying that Mr.. Black
would go down in history with
Justices Hughes, Holmes. Brandeis
and Cardozo as leaders in the
fight for the first amendment
Mr.. Walter snapped:
you've slandered the names>o1
some great Americans by asso-
lciating that Of Black witb. them
Evening star., 1951-07-10
Col. Sawyer Is Chosen
ChiefofArmyFinance
EndingL Long Deadlock
Trumon Fills Vacancy
Created by Gen. Fosters
Retirement Muy 81

President Truman today broke a
month-old deadlock over selection
of a new chief of the Army
Finance Corps and nominated Col
Bickford Edward Sawyer, ST, fol
the post
Col. Sawyer, now controller oil
the 4th Army at Fort Sam Hous-
ton. Tex. will be jumped two
grades to the rank OF major gen.
eral if the Senate confirms hi
nomination.
He is to succeed Maj. Gen. Eu.
gene M. Foster, who retired al
chief Of finance on May 81.
Delay Is Unexplained.
What prompted the unusual de.
lay in selection Of Col. Sawyer
could not be learned at the White
House. Under normal procedure
the Army submits a list of three
names Of high-ranking officers tt
the President to guide him ir
selecting his nominee.
It is the custom for the Presi.
dent to select one of the Army.
candidates, or return the list tt
the Pentagon. When the lattel
course is followed some member
of the White House staff usually
advises the service verbally thai
the President has another can.
didate in mind.
In this case the appointment
was delayed after the first list hae
been submitted, it was said. Pre-.
sumably Col. Sawyer's name wa
not on that list.
Col. Sawyer, a native of Massa'
chusetts, served in the Pacifi,
during World War II. He becam,
"a colonel in 1941.
After enlisting as a private Col
Sawyer was commissioned a sec
ond lieutenant of Cavalry in 1917
He obtained a law degree from
La Sale University in 1887. HI
also is a graduate of the Arm,
Industrial College and the Indus
trial College of the Armed Services
Evening star., 1951-07-10


face of naturalization of holdings
of the British-owned Anglo Iran
ian Oil Co.'s replacing the tough
talk of only week ago that the
big refinery at Abadan and the
surrounding South Iranian oil
fields would be shut down.
One Iranian official, comment
ing on the new developments, de-
|clared: We've always said the
British were bluffing when they
threatened to pull out. It looks as
though Premier (Mohammed)
Mossadegh's no compromise
stand is working"
Studies Truman Offer.
There was no indication that DR.
Mossadegh would change that mo
compromise" determination to
seize control Of the billion dollar
company's Iranian installations
But a government spokesman said
the Premier is carefully consider
ing President Truman's offer yes
terday to send his personal repre-
sentative, w. Averell Hartman, tc
Iran to help find settlement.
DR.. Mossadegh told United
States Ambassador Henry F
Grady that Mr.. Truman's latest
mediation attempt came "a little
late"
Official circles indicated they
believed DR.. Mossadegh would &C.
cept the Presidents offer to senc
Mr.. Hartman to avoid offending
American public opinion-ever
though he may not back dowr
on his oil naturalization aims.
But the atmosphere was cleared
little after A. E. Mason, the OF
500 TPAN poon AAN
Evening star., 1951-07-10
By Joseph Young

The Senate Civil Service Com
mittee today approved legislation
placing the Governments annual
leave system on a graduated scale
based on years of service.
The committees bill provides
for 13 to 26 days annual leave
for both Government classified
and postal workers, depending or
their length of service. For leave
purposes, military service will be
credited as part of an employees
years of service with the Govern
ment.
The committees bill also re.
duces the present Is days annua
sick leave to 13 days. The meas.
Iure, however. abolishes the presen
Evening star., 1951-07-10

to "U. N. House" They Travelled
under armed Communist escort.
AS the briefing officer was max
ing his report the North Korean
Communist radio at Pyongyang
said withdrawal of all foreign
troops was one of the conditions
of peaceful settlement of the Ko-
rean war.
The Red radio said eventual So
luton of the Korean problem
should be left to the Korean peo-
pie themselves.
Calls for Good Faith.
However, the Kaesong talks, as
the U. N. viewpoint was outlined
by Admiral Joy, will be restricted
entirely to military matters.
In his opening statement he
called on the five Red generals tc
(See TRUCE, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1951-07-10
Kentuckions, Defending Insult
To Bluegrass, Invade Ohio

let Ohio keep Mr.. Bromfield.
Well keep the bluegrass"
Mr.. Bromf1eld then suggested
that he and the Kentuckians
compare grasses and talk things
over. He invited them to Malabar,
his 1,000-acre farm. And the Ken
tuckians, despite his bluegrass
views. respect his fine type of
grassland farming.
So that's why two airliners and
several private planes load with
about rs Kentuckians today for
a trip to Malabar.
Gov. Lawrence Wetherby and
his delegation, always eager for
a social get-tbgether with neigh
bors. also took along a case of
bourbon and a good old Kentucky
ham-wrapped In bluegrass. in
cidentally.
The delegation includes Ken
tucky's agriculture commissioner
Ben Adams; Jack Matlick. editor
of the Kentucky Farmer Maga-
zine; Bill Tate, president Of the
Louisville Agriculture Club. and
leading farmers.
Evening star., 1951-07-10
By Eddy Gilmore
Assoeioted Press Foreign Correspondent

MOSCOW, July 10.-Diplo-
matte observers stationed here are
predicting new crises in Western
Soviet relations-possibly a new
Berlin crisis-over the Vests
moves on the German and Japa-
neSe questions.
Some observers here said that
if the Western powers follow up
the action ending their state OF
war with Germany by moving
toward a separate German treaty
they may make their position in
Berlin most difficult, if not un-
tenable. (The observers are not
identified in this dispatch. which
was subject to the usual Russian
censorship
They add there is almost sure
to be some way in which the So
viets could retaliate for actions
the Russians are certain to de-
nounce as violations of interna-
tional understandings.
AS for the Western plans for q
peace treaty with Japan, Moscow
newspapers are saying that the
Evening star., 1951-07-10
BY the Associated Press

LOUISVILLE. KY, July 10.-A
delegation of Kentuckians, headed
by the Governor, takes off fol-
Ohio today to defend their repu.
|tation in the bluegrass field.
Author-farmer Louis Bromfielo
Iof Mansfield, Ohio, not only
Islurred a fine Kentucky product
but the origin of the common.
wealth's nickname as well wher
he declared last March:
1--WE look on bluegrass as 8
Inoxious weed and spend a great
deal Of time eliminating it,
The folk of "the Bluegrass
State" just about as proud of thai
"noxious weed" as they are oi
their horses, beautiful women, to.
Ibacco and bourbon, raised 9
clamor of protest. Said the Louis
vile urier-Journal:
". Bluegrass, like horses
bourbon and most people, loses
something when transplanted tt
Ohio. There 1t is probably. as Mr.
lBromfield complains, just a weee
Evening star., 1951-07-10
Transit Service
Hearing Set by
PUG for Ju|y3O
Company Is Directed
To Submit Dutu on
Public Operations
By Horriet Griffiths

The Public Utilities Commission
today announced plans to investi-
gate the "reasonableness of serv.
ices" by the Capital Transit Co.
1t scheduled a formal public
hearing for July 80 at 10 am. in
the District Building board room.
The commission said 1T is in
the public interest that an inves-
tigation be made of, and that
public hearings be held on the
reasonableness of the services
rendered by Capital Transit Co.
in the District of Columbia"
The company was directed to
submit at the public hearing data
on the "reasonableness and ade-
quacy of its service, equipment.
and maintenance. and the safety
of its operations.
Giddings welcomes" Hearing.
A statement issued by E. C. Gid
dings, vice president of the transit
company, SalQ.
1--WE welcome the opportunity Of
setting lorth for the public record
the methods and procedures which
have won successive national
maintenance and safety honors for
the Capital Transit Co.
THE investigation, coming as
it does at a time when we are
about to petition for an adjust
ment in our fare structure, can
only be helpful in bringing to the
attention of the public that con.
Itinued good maintenance practices,
safe operation and adequate serv-
ice cost money which can only be
obtained through the fare box"
PUG Chairman James H. Flana-
gan said the purpose of the in
veStigation was to give the public
the full facts with regard to the
services being rendered.
Complaints Are Cited.
Mr.. Flanagan said the inquiry
had nothing to do with the finan-
cial structure of the company or
the recent strike of its employees.
Mr.. Flanagan said the COM
mission has had some complaints
to the effect that while the COM
pany talks of a fare increase, the
service is deteriorating.
/ The chairman recalled that
once before. several years ago, the
commission held an investigation
on safety with respect to Capital
Transit.
Questioned on what results the
hearing might have, Assistant
Corporation Counsel Lloyd B.
Harrison said that obviously if
the commission found service or
maintenance inadequate, remedial
measures would be ordered.
New Rate Schedule Due.
Capital Transit is preparing a
new rate schedule in which it
probably will ask a straight Is
i. cent fare and elimination of
!: tokens and weekly passes.
: The request will be based on a
recent three-day strike settlement
giving employees a 15-cent hourly
5 wage increase and fringe benefits
|. amounting to an additional 3
, cents an hour.
!, Beginning Sunday, July l, the
, strike by 3,400 union employees
completely tied up transit service
until last Wednesday.
Evening star., 1951-07-10
20 Air Raid Sirens
Scare Sleeping City
BY the Associated Press

SYRACUSE, N. Y. July 10.-A
short circuit in this city's air raid
alarm system caused 20 sirens to
blow for 10 minutes early today.
Most Of the 100000 residents were
awakened.
Police, fire and telephone SWITCH
boards were jammed.
The chief operator of the New
York Telephone Co. said there was
Ia real rush" on telephones for
about 25 minutes. She said people
did not seem to be panicky. but
appeared concerned"
The short circuit occurred in
the west end of the city about
lao am.
Evening star., 1951-07-10
North Koreans Insist
On Withdrawal of
All 'Foreiqn' Troops
BY the Associated Press

TOKYO, July 10. The
North Korean Communist ra-
dio said tonight that with
drawal of all foreign troops"
still was one of the conditions
for a peaceful settlement of
the war in Korea.
In a broadcast monitored in
Tokyo the Pyongyang radio
quoted an editorial credited
to the (North) Korean Gen.
tral News Agency.
The editorial was quoted as
saying eventual solution of
the Korean problem should be
left to the Korean people
themselves.
Evening star., 1951-07-10

RidgWay'S headquarters said the
two opening sessions today were
held in IAN open and formal at
mosphere."
At the outset of the talks Vice
Admiral C. Turner Joy. head of
the flve-man U. N. delegation, an
nounced discussions would be re-
Stricted to military matters in
Korea. He said the Allies would
not talk about anything else-no
politics, no economics, no military
affairs elsewhere.
No Allied Reporters Present.
Allied war correspondents were
not permitted in Kaesong. They
will not be allowed to go tomor-
row, either, contrary to earlier
plans.
Brig. Gen. Frank Allen, chief
of information, announced that
plans to send Is correspondents
to Kaesong tomorrow were can
celled because Gen. Ridgway will
do nothing to jeopardize the sue
cess of the conference"
He said neWsmen would be sent
to Kaesong 'after the conference
is on the track and there is assur-
ance it will stay on the track"
The report on todays sessions
was given to the press by an Army
officer who had not been at the
four-hour Kaesong meetings.
He said Communists had desig-
mated a United Nations house"
in the war-ravaged city for the
use of U. N. delegates.
The Allies returned tonight by
helicopter to their peace camp"
at Munsan without comment.
Met by American Jeeps.
When they arrived in Kaesong
in the morning, the brieflng officer
said, the U. N. officers were met by
American jeeps which preceded
them there.
Helicopter pilots had reported
the delegation was met by Is jeep
loads OF Chinese, including some
bearing side arms. They said
armed Chinese stood guard around
the field where the helicopters
were parked throughout the day.
The brief1ng officer said the
American jeeps carried the U. N. S
two admirals and three generals