davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget., 1951-11-26
Weep Celebrates 74th
 Birthday By Firing Shell At Chinese Reds in Korea

CENTRAL FRONT, Korea, (P) Vice President Alben Barkley celebrated his 74th birthday Sat- urday by firing an autographed artillery shell at the Chinese Reds.
 He said he was coming through his long trip to Korea "in good shape" then added tits not too rough"
 When he landed at the forward airstrip of the US. 18th Division, the division band broke into Happy Birthday To You"
 "I expect to live to 105, espec- ially after this exhilerating trip to Korea" he said with a broad grin.
 handling the disarmament debate in the political committee now, made this comment:
 "We are very much disappoint- ed. MT. Vishinsky still seems to prefer denunciation to negotia- ton. Secretary Acheson's speech made it clear that we desire to forsake invective and go to work. We will procede in the hope that progress toward genuine system of disarmament is still possible"
Evening star., 1951-02-04

nance Test Station, for testing
ordnance equipment and am
munition.
townsville, Pa. Naval Air
Development Center, for modi-
f1cation and design research on
aircraft.
Panama City, Fla. - Naval
Mine CONFERENCE.-THE Station.
for development and research
on anti-mine equipment.
Patuxent River, Md. Naval
Air Test Center, for flight test
ing.
Point Magu, Port Hueneme,
Calif.-Air Missile Test Center.
for testing rockets and other
missiles.
Orlando, Fla. - Underwater
Sound Reference Laboratory,
for research. and testing of
underwater acoustics.
Sands Point, N. Especial
Devices Center, for development
and training in the use of
special devices.
Point Iona, San Diego, Calf.
-Electronics Laboratory.
Anacostia. Md. - Office of
Naval Research Laboratory, for
Investigations on chemistry,
optics. radio, nucleonics, sound,
etc.
White Oak, Md.-Ordnance
Laboratory. for research and
development on naval ordnance
of all kinds.
Air Force:
Muroc Dry Lakes, Calif.-
Edwards Air Force Base, for
flight testing.
Dayton, Ohio-Wright-P Pat
terson Air Force Base, also for
flight testing.
Tullahoma, Tenn. - Arnold
Engineering Development Gen.
ter. now under construction, it
will be an engine and wind
tunnel test facility.
Valparaiso, Fla.-Elgin Air
Force Base, the Air Forces
armament test center" Op-
irrational testing of planes and
equipment is also done here,
and the base is the site of the
Air Forces climatic hanger"
for investigating climatic effects.
Cambridge, Mass.-The Air
Force Research Laboratory,
where a variety Of projects, in
cluding electronics research, are
carried on.
Cocoa, Fitzpatrick Air Force
Base. the site of the Long Range
Proving Ground for guided
missiles.
AlamorgOrdo, N. Mex.-Hollo-
man Air Force Base, for research
and testing on guided missiles,
Evening star., 1951-02-04
Indio's Grain Request Delicate Matter

jeopardized by the growing short
age of food. Present calculated
shortages, caused by natural phe-
nomena, may be aggravated if
growing uncertainties over the fu-
ture cause producers to hold back
on deliveries out of present stocks.
Not all of India's contentious
with regard to existing conditions
and their causes-go unchal-
lenged. The charge has fire.
quently been made recently-even
by those who concede the serious
ness of potential famine condi-
tions-that not all of India's
troubles are the work of Mother
Nature and that India's own poll
cies have reduced to a consider
able extent the availability of
food from foreign sources.
Although the government of
Pakistan has not intervened Of
fcially against an American
grant-in-aid of food grains to
India, Pakistan officials are out
spoken in their criticism of the
pending Indian appeal and the
prospects that the request will be
granted.
Pakistan claims an interest in
the situation because of the loss
of ;Gs traditional markets for its
jute, cotton, wheat and rice in
India. Although it has succeeded
In selling it's surpluseS in other
world markets, it feels the dislo-
cation seriously and considers
that the Indian government has
gone out of it's way to destroy its
natural market.
Pakistan's complaint is based
on the failure of India to purchase
100000 tons of wheat which was
surplus from its 1850 crop and
which, the Pakistanis contend, was
offered to the New Delhi govern
ment at prices well below the
world market.
| Although the price may have
been substantially higher than be-
fore deyaluation, the Pakistanis
say. it was still lower than the
price India finally paid for
Australian and Argentine grain.
This is adduced as evidence of
Indian ill-will toward Pakistan
Evening star., 1951-02-04
A Tongue Tied International Army?

One of the biggest headaches
facing Gen. Eisenhower in the for
nation of the new North Atlantic
army is the language problem.
An Associated Press dispatch
from Paris last week reported that
the 60 American officers of his
staff have been ordered to spend
an hour a day studying French
in an effort to tear down the
language barrier between the sew
eral nationalities."
Note the several" If you wish
to count Icelandic, there are ac-
tually eight languages repre-
sented in the present 12-nation
lineup that Gen. Eisenhower is
supposed to mold into an inte-
grated fighting force, including
the French. Italian. Dutch. Portu-
guese, Danish, Norwegian and
English.
Add to these the new allies we
Evening star., 1951-02-04

Centers for defense research
are spread out over much of the
Nations map.
They include centers for
atomic projects, sites for test
ing rockets and guided missiles,
proving grounds for older-type
weapons as well as tanks and
other land vehicles, naval ord
nance laboratories and proving
grounds. centers for testing all
types of aircraft and labora-
tories devoted to radar, sonar
and other electronics research.
In addition to laboratories
and test areas operated by the
Atomic Energy Commission, the
Army, Navy and Air Force, all
those agencies have special con-
tract arrangements with private
research organizations, colleges
and universities all over the
country.
Some of the latter are secret
projects. Many others are in
the field of basic research"
That is, the Government agen-
cies are supporting certain prof.
ects which do not necessarily
have immediate application, but
which are expected to be of
value to national security by
adding to the Nations store of
ba~;r scientific knowledge.
Government officials fire.
quently point out that many of
the scientific Developments of
Evening star., 1951-02-04

military Importance in the last
war stemmed from basic knowl-
edge decades old.
Acc Commissioner Sumner
Pike recently said much of our
basic store was utilized in the
last war and that now the Ma
tions inventory is virtually as
bare as Mother Hubbard's
cupboard"
Here are the locations of ac-
tual Government-run research
centers and other sites where
test or development work on
weapons and other devices is
under way:
Atomic Energy Commission
Las Vegas, Nev.-A new test
area for carrying on expert
mental nuclear detonation" for
the development Of A-bombs.
Presumably, this means small
scale explosion OF materials de-
signed for A-bomb use, rather
than the testing of completed
bombs.
Arco,s Idaho-This is the
Aces test site for "reactor de-
velopment." That is, for de-
vices designed to release atomic
energy in a controlled way. Two
of the reactors on which the
Acc is Working-but has not
yet tested-are designed to pro-
pei submarines and other naval
craft.
Oak Ridge. Tenn.-This is
Evening star., 1951-02-04
(Continued From Page CID

(Continued From Page CID
vided by the central government
In New Delhi.
Of Indias $50 million people,
roughly one-third-110 millions
who live in the cities and towns
are on full or partial ration. This
was IL ounces of food grains a
day, substantially below the Is
ounces day considered standard
for Indians. Two weeks ago the
daily ration was 5iashed to 9
ounces. Most Indians do not live
entirely on this ration, but sup
plement it according to their
means and dietary habits.
Further reduction of the ration
for town and city dwellers is
regarded as impossible by Indian
officials. The rationing machinery
operating with present supplies
is not suited for expansion to
take on the burden of millions OF
new beneficiaries. ie., the mar
ginal groups from the food-grow-
ing districts which have been
worst hit by the natural calamities
Critical Months Ahead
The prospect for Indian Off
cials is grim. The months OF
greatest emergency will be August
September and October, when
present food stocks run low ano
the new harvest is not yet in
1t is in this period that the In
dams fear repetition of the
great Bengal famine of 1943
which is reported to have taken
directly and indirectly-more
than 3.5 million lives.
India has attempted to dea.
with this years 6-million- tor
deficit in food grains with the
means at hand for purchase
abroad. 1t has contracted in
world markets for the delivery
during the rest of this crop year
of 4 million tons. 1t has not been
able, however, to finance, with its
strained foreign exchange re-
sources, the purchase of the re-
naming 2 million tons which. il
contends, would save the lives OF
many who may die Of starvation
Indian estimates are that a.
many as Z million lives may be
Evening star., 1951-02-04

and Of a determination to throttle
Pakistan's economy, even If 1t
costs India money.
Pakistan asserts that it now has
surplus of 350.000 tons of rice
which India could purchase to
help meet it's food deficit, and it
anticipates a surplus of 100000
tons out of the coming wheat crop
this May and June.
Another Pakistan argument is
that India. striving desperately to
make itself independent of PAX
istan's jute and cotton, has divert
ed to these crops portions of re-
claimed lands which could have
been used for food production.
Pakistan's Angle
The sum and substance of the
Pakistan contention is that if In
dia is threatened with famine it Is
due, in part at least, to India S
own economic war which it has
waged against Pakistan since par
tition, and that any American
grant of food to India would put
this country's resources behind
Indias campaign to throttle PAX
istan economically.
Pakistan's interest is that of
any merchant who hates to see a
paying customer go on relief when
he could still pay for his food. 1t
is not clear yet. in the minds of
American Government agencies,
whether India could be reason
ably expected to pay for food she
may get from this country. Her
financial situation is still under
study.
The Indians have expressed a
preference to pay. Two hundred
million dollars. however, is a
heavy drain on country with
India's resources in foreign ex-
change, and she could repay such
sum only over a period of years
Long-term credits in payment OF
food which is to be Immediately
consumed is not a good business
proposition.
That is why the present trend
Of American official thinking is
toward a grant-in-aid rather than
| a sale on extended payments.
Evening star., 1951-02-04

the site of the so-called "NEPA"
project-that is. for studies test
the feasibility of nuclear energy
for the propulsion of aircraft.
This is a joint project sponsored
by Acc. the armed forces and
the National Advisory Commit
tee for Aefonautics.
Army:
White Sands Proving Ground
Los Cruces, N. Mex.-All the
Army's rockets are proof tested
there. The Navy also does re-
search there.
Sandia Base, N. Mex.-This
is really part of White Sands.
It's supersecret center joint
ly conducted by the Army, Air
Force and the Acc.
Aberdeen Proving Grounds,
Md.-This is where the Army
tests all other weapons and We
hicles.
Navy:
Annapolis, Md.-The United
States Naval Engineering Ex-
pertinent Station, for testing
engines. boilers, etc.
Carderock, Md.-The David
w. Taylor Model Basin, for test
ing hull performance, design,
etc.
Dahlgren, Va.-Naval Prov
ing Ground, for testing and
proving ammunition for ship
gunnery.
Inyokern, Calif.-Naval Ord
Evening star., 1951-02-04
| Industry Low
lon Diamonds
By Carter Dovidson

PARIS. - American dollars
are pouring into the teeming,
tropical jungles of Equatorial
Africa to bring out industrial
diamonds for the Western
Worlds tooling up for rearma-
ment.
Possible new diamond fields
are being explored to make sure
the United States and her AL
lies have a sufficient supply Of
the industrial gems to prevent
a bottleneck.
A French company. the Upper
Sanga Diamond g. Gold Co.. is
doing the digging-with Mar
shall Plan dollars to foot the
bills. The first grant. announced
recently by the Marshall Plans
Paris Office. is for 100000. .
The Upper Sanga Co., named
for tiny Congo River tribu-
tary. already has started ex-
ploring the earth in a new field.
The area is about 400 miles in
land from the Atlantic Ocean,
near the border between French
Equatorial Africa and the
French Cameroons.
The field is southeast of the
Ubangi-Chari diamond fields,
where Marshall aid dollars al
ready have helped develop ia
cilities for increasing the out
put of industrial diamonds.
New industrial developments,
both in the United States and in
Western European countries,
have made additional demands
on the output of industrial dia-
monds, a Marshall Plan indus
trialist reported.
He estimated that the use of
such diamonds has increased to
nearly 40 times what it was two
decades ago. The shortage of
such diamonds was so severe
during the last war, it was re-
ported, that gem-quality dia-
monds frequently were used for
industrial purposes.
The contracts signed with the
French diamond company pro-
vide for repayment of the dol
lar grant-in industrial dia-
monds. The gems are to be
stockpiled in the United States.
The grant to the Upper Sanga
Diamond g. Gold Co. is the
second American investment in
French Equatorial Africa's dia-
mond mining business.
Another grant of $500.000 re-
Gently was made to the Com
pagnie Miniere de L'Oubangi
Oriental" to modernize it's
equipment.
Diamond mining started in
that Central African colony
shortly before World War II and
since 1945 a yearly average of
between $4,000 and 10000 car
ats has been produced.
Until now. however. prospect
ing and mining equipment have
been rather primitive.
Industrial diamonds are a
strategic material needed in the
manufacture of many types of
defense supplies from tanks to
Gejoar counters
The greatest uses are in tool
ing. and these range from dia-
monds for oil drills to diamonds
for drawing the fine wire that is
used in instrument making.
United States dealers in New
York said the tremendous peace
time expansion of industry since
World War II. In addition to
the acceleration of industrial
production under the defense
program, had resulted in tight
supply situation.
(Distributed by the Associated Press)
Evening star., 1951-02-04
THE COLLECTED LATER
POEMS OF WILLIAM CARLOS
WILL IAMS

(NeD Directions; $3.)
All the poems that Mr.. Williams
has written in the 1940s except
the book-length Paterson" are
included in this volume. Reviving
interest in Mr.. Williams work
should make this an important
literary event. The poems remain
as they were when they were frs.
published: provocative and often
inScrutable.
Evening star., 1951-02-04
Training Center Urged

"The elimination of language
inequality in this manner would
be psychologically bad: bad for
morale. Every one derives consid-
cradle satisfaction from the rec
ognition of his language as an i'm
portant means of communication.
Such a system might also mean
sacrificing the technical skill of
some officers because of their lack
OF proficiency in these languages"
Col. Dostert's solution to the
problem on the staff level would
be to establish a training center
in some small European country
for simultaneous" interpreters.
Candidates for the school would
be selected for their fluent knowl-
edge of at least two of the Ian
guages, and would le trained to
use the simultaneous" method
Col. Dostert has installed in the
United Nations. Basic documents
would be turned over to a central
translating pool for retranslation
into the various languages.
Col. Dostert's plan, which he
believes could be put into effective
operation six to nine months after
authorization, would not stop at
staff level. The language barrier
should be eliminated at all levels
as far as this is feasible.
He emissions highly trained
teams Of interpreters using the
traditional, or Consecutive, :"
means of translation operating at
corps or division level. On their
shoulders would fall m st of the
actual responsibility for maintain
ing efficient communications in
the field.
He would also like to see
men in the ranks taught 80 or
40 stock phrases in an ally's Ian
guage so "the ice could be broken
early" It would also be an aid
in dealing with the civilian pop
ulation of the various countries.
Evening star., 1951-02-04

more than a million dollars In
dollar credit in London, but they
have been frozen there because
the British have been hard pressed
for dollars. Since Ceylon, if used
for strategic purposes, will need
large dollar expenditures. it is
likely that we will soon help to
thaw Ceylonese frozen assets and
set them flowing out Of London.
Evening star., 1951-02-04

units can expect in highly fluid
fighting on unfamiliar terrain.
For most Americans, the sim
plest and most obvious solution is
to decree French or Eng
lish the official languages. This
position has some merit, since
both languages have become to a
certain extent international. Eng
lish especially is universally popu-
lar throughout most European
schools. Such a solution has it's
strong critics, however, even in
this country. They don't see
how American military leaders
can ride roughshod over the feel
ings of national pride which most
Europeans have for their own
languages without antagonizing
most Of them.
Chief among these critics is
French born Col. Leon E. Dostert,
one of Gen. Eisenhower's inter-
prefers in the last war and now
director of Georgetown Univer-
sity's School of Language and
Linguistics.
Col. Dostert feels that any at
tempt to make French or English
the official language would offend
the other members of the pact
by making them linguistic satel-
lites," and perhaps even hinder the
efficient working of the army.
Evening star., 1951-02-04
By Mark Gnerro

hope to gain as political difficulties
are ironed out and you get the
nightmarish picture of trying to
make military plans ineligible
also in Greek, Turkish. German.
Spanish and Yugoslav.
The problem has no precedent.
This is the first attempt in mill
tary history to build an integrated,
international army operating un-
der single commander, using a
single system of communications.
In the last war. Gen. Eisenhower
depended largely on a loosely knit
group of interpreters culled from
the liaison officers stationed at his
headquarters by the different
Allied armies.
Unprecedented Problem
Reports of language difficulties
in the italian campaign Of the
last war foreshadowed the prob
lem as British, Americans, Free
French. Brazilians, Poles and
Italian partisans fought together
on a rather congested front. For
the most part, however, national
units in the past two wars op-
Grated in clearly defined sectors,
depending on their own artillery,
air force, communications and
sources of supply.
Because of the ever-increasing
mobility of ground units and their
artillery support. and the growing
Importance of tactical air power.
1T is virtually certain that field
commanders will have to depend
more and more on the support of
foreign units. The problem will
be made even more acute if there
is set up a system for pooling am
smunition, weapons, spare parts
and medicines.
Strangely, perhaps, spokesmen
for the Pentagon say there has
been no noticeable increase in the
number of men assigned to Ian
guage study since the signing of
the Atlantic pact.
The Army has found present
training sufficient for it's purposes.
West Pointers receive training in
a foreign language for two years,
and men specializing in communi-
cations, intelligence and attache
work get some language training
at the Presidio (Calif.), the Army's
principal language school.
One Official Tongue?
A quick check with several mill
tary magazines reflects this same
lack Of attention to the problem
The Combat Forces Journal has
had nothing on it; the Armored
Cavalry Journal had an article
about a year ago on the Lingua-
phone method of language train
ing. and the Army Information
Digest had an article three years
ago on the establishment of the
language school at the Presidio.
Undoubtedly, Gen. Eisenhower s
recent action at Paris will focus
more attention on the problem
The Korean war. too, points up
some of the difficulties an army
made UP Of different national
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1951-05-31
E..lba

ELBA - Mr.. and Mrs. James
Hupp and daughter, Shirley of
Cumberland, Md, is visiting with
Mr. and Mrs. John Hesson.
Mr.. and Mrs. Max Hesson and
family, Mr.. and Mrs. James Hes
son and children.
Mr.. and Mrs. Raymond HesSon,
Vida and Wilma Jackson, Mr..
and Mrs. Don Hesson, Mr.. and
Mrs. Everett Hesson and Homer
Hesson were in Caldwell, Sat
urday.
Sarah Travis was a Marietta
caller, Friday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Hobart Travis
and children spent Sunday with
Mr.. and Mrs. Delmer Lewis al
MackSburg.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harold Hughey
Mr.. and Mrs. James Hughey anc
daughter, Carolyn and Mrs. Rob,
ert Hughey of Akron, spent Sun
day with Mr.. and Mrs. Henry
Hughey.
Mr.. and Mrs. Gale Sewers anc
son, Gale Wallace, Jr., and Mr.
Wallace Sewers Cf Reno, recent
ly visited with Mr.. Bernard Sc
| eVerS.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1951-05-31
Family Get-Together Is
Held At Quick Home

A family get-together was held
on Memorial Day at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Quick, Main
street.
Those enjoying the occasion
were Mrs. G.. M. Bronson, of
Eustis, Florida; Mrs. G.. r.
Sylvester of Cleveland; Mr.. and
Mrs. Irwin Quick, of Athens;
Mrs. Ruth McClyman, of Gin
cinnati; Mr.. and Mrs. George
Atkinson, of Cleveland; Mr.. and
Mrs. Frank Atkinson, of Cam
bridge; Mrs. Bertha Brennan and
daughter; DR.. and Mrs. Fred
Way, Mr.. and Mrs. Edgar Way,
Mrs. Elizabeth Savoy, Mr.. and
Mrs. George Way and daughter,
Mary Beth; Jack Way and Miss
Carolyn Hershal, all of Colum-
bus; DR.. and Mrs. Richard
Acomb and son, Jimmy, of Mans
field; Mrs. Nell Kean, of Macks-
burg and Mr.. and Mrs. Clyde
Hutcheson, of Marietta; and Mr.
and Mrs. James Ferguson, Of
Huntington, w. Va.
Mrs. C. NJ. Bronson and Mrs
C. r. Sylvester remained for
longer visit.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1951-05-31
Whigville
BY DIVISION OF w

WHIGVILLE - Mr.. and Mrs.
Ronald Archer and children of
Chester, w. Va, spent the week
end with her parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Andrew Bates.
Durward Mckee, of Fayette,
Ky, and Bertha Bridgman of
Athens, spent the weekend with
Mrs. John Gulick.
Mrs. Burta Cleary, of Caldwell,
spent Monday with Mrs. Gould
Ward.
Elaine Archer spent Monday
evening with Mat Gulick.
Mr.. and Mrs. Wayne Hayes, of
Caldwell, and Mr. and Mrs. John
Thomas spent Wednesday even
ing with Mr.. and Mrs. Kenneth
Cutler.
Sunday callers at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. H. d. Carter were
Mr.. and Mrs. George Mason of
Marietta, Mr.. and Mrs. Orville
Shafer and Mrs. Sherman Shaffer
of Belle Valley and Emma West.
Mr.. and Mrs. Kenneth Cutler
were at Caldwell, Saturday.