davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-11-14


thing but new.
ut is just the methods of hand
ling these problems that have
changed in the course of time, ="
she began. In early history, the
father of the family had complete
and absolute authority - including
the right to kill his children or to
sell them into slavery"
Very little was done to change
these barbaric conditions for many
centuries. AS late as a couple of
hundred years ago, in England,
children were sold into what was
called apprenticeShipS--actually a
type of slavery. Here in our own
country, children have been ex-
plotted in textile mills, mines, and
other industries" she said. Until
the advent of the present day
Juvenile courts, children we're
tried and judged and condemned
under the same laws governing
adults.
1.-THE principles of the modern
juvenile court stem from laws in
troduced by the famous law max
er. Blackstone, some 200 years
ago. He called attention to the
well accepted fact of today, and
focused the concern of the general
public upon the welfare of chill
dren when he pointed out - The
capacity of doing i'll or contracting
guilt is not SO much measured by
years and days as by the strength
of the delinquent's understanding
and judgement. He felt that under
the age of seven, child can not
be guilty of a felony-but at eight
years of age, he may be guilty of
a felony. That is, between the age
of seven and eighb8a child has
reached the place where he could
be assumed to be held accountable
for all his acts. she continued.
with this start. gradual changes
occurred, until in 1899, the first
juvenile court law was passed and
a court was created in Cook
County, Chicago, Illinois. Florida,
in 1911, passed juvenile court laws
which allowed the county judges
to serve as ex-officio juvenile
Judges with certain authority
and in 1914 an amendment was
passed allowing the creation of
other courts.
"In Dec, 1850, the Mid-Century
Conference. known as the White
house Conference. was held in
Washington to bring together,
from all parts of the nation, per
sons interested in the needs OF
young people for discussions aim
ed at creating good laws for hand
ling youth problems. Many points
were discussed at this conference
which were later used in incorpora
ting material for the Act which is
now our juvenile court law in
Florida. she stated.
Judge Gibson particularly stress
ed that juvenile courts are welfare
courts. However, by the 1850 Act,
the juvenile judge has the power
of a committing magistrate, lie. a
Justice of the peace.
AS for the function of juvenile
courts in today's society, Mrs.
Gibson brought out the fact tina
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-11-14

State Representative Bernie C.
Papy will address a gathering o.
Girl Scouts and leaders tonight a
the Parish hall on Varela street.
The meeting is called for 8 pSin
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-11-14
Special Interest Cooking Group
Enjoy Mrs. BdIIentine's Gumbo

some months ago. women them navy wives
were discussing good things
the discussion the interest gro And
from mere chatting about food
veloped. ~ FFN" was oe-
NOV" every two weeks the OF the group plus interested
"oeh VINO nave joined it, meet and not only talk avore
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-11-14
Juvenile Court Judge Eua Gibson
CiUes informative Talk To O. W. G..

Featured at the regular luncheon meeting of the Officers Wives
Club at FIT Taylor last Friday talk
Judge of Juvenile court Her topic Juvenile Courts Judge Glib
son began by pointing out with facts to it, that ocaed
juvenile problems far back history difficulties
the welfare training and discpnng children therefore
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-11-14

Stoddard said in Omaha Nehrass
ka, that officials can only pre-
sumo that al snowstorm was the
cause of the wreck.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-11-14

Meeting, Minoca Council, De-
gree of Pocahontas, Red
mems Hall, 8 pm.
Meeting, Disabled Veterans,
Luz bldg. Amelia street, 8
pm.
Meeting, Jr.-Sr. High School
PTA, 8 pm.
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22

masters degrees in agricultural
education from the University of
West Virginia, Morgantown. He
taught rural school for two years.
Later he served as agent-at-large
with the West Virginia Agricultur-
al Extension Service, organizing
and conducting county All camps.
He was also assistant to the direc-
tor of West Virginia State 4-H
Camp for one year; and is vet
eran of three and half years Army
service in World War II.
Adkins is an agricultural educa-
ton major, a graduate of the Uni
versity of West Virginia. He is a
member of Alpha zeta, Scabbard
and Blade, and Phi Upsilon Phi
Before coming to Delaware, he SER
we'd as assistant county agent, as
sociate county agent, and All club
agent, in three different counties
in West Virginia. Adkins, his
wife, and two children will live in
Georgetown.
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22
GET CAR READY
FOR WINTER
Automobile Dealers AssOcia-
tiOn List Precautions for
Winter Driving
AVOID EXPENSE

Miracle at Your Findertips
Aladdin, the boy who rubbed the
magic lamp, had nothing on you.
You too can stretch out finger
or even a toe-and command a
genie that controls tremendous
stores of energy, the horsepower
that drives your family automobile.
Maybe you never thought about
it just that way. But you are
transported, at your slightest
whim, to shopping centers, stores
in distant cities, schools, super
markets, offices and theatres of
your own area-to all the conven-
fences of the modern world.
Your "magic lamp" is the tiny,
giant-powered self-starter invented
forty years ago by a young genie
Cor genius, if you like) named
Charles F. Kettering.
Before it existed as standard
equipment on new cars, starting
was chore beyond the strength of
most women-a chore dangerous to
most men, if they We're not ex-
tremely careful.
Small wonder that the scientists
of the nation have several times re-
Gently honored Kettering for this
and many other contributions to
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22
CLAYTON

The intermediate Class, St.Pauls
Sunday School will hold a bake in
the Bake Shop on Saturday, No
vember oath, beginning at IL am.
Anyone wishing to assist in any
way, please call 7617.
Mr.. Grover Colliiio, Akron, Ohio,
is spending some time with his sis
ter, Miss Grace Collins.
Mr.. Herbert Cubbage, near
Brack-x, was a recent visitor with
Mr.. James Cubbage and Mr.. Lin
wood Clark.
MIR. and Mrs. Roscoe Wharton
have returned home after spending
some time with their son, 1t. Al
bert w. Wharton, Philadelphia,
Mrs. B. F. Dobleman, Underwood,
N. J., and Mr.. William Wharton,
Atlantic City.
Mrs. Charles Hardesty has re-
turned home after having spent the
weekend visiting Mr.. and Mrs.
George Neal and family at Chester
town.
At the recent meeting of the
Clayton Fire Company the annual
Christmas Party for the children
was planned the date to be an
nounced later.
Mr.. Kenneth Thorpe and Mr..
Evans Cole were recent visitors in
New York City, and Providence,
Rhode Island.
Mrs. Milton Voshell, Mrs. Amos
Mast, and Miss Nan Burke, were
Philadelphia shoppers recently.
Mr.. and Mrs. James Butler and
family of Matapeake, Md, were
Sunday visitors with Mrs. Bertha
Cole.
The winning number on Satur-
day evening was 49863 held by
Shelby Rogers.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harold Wiley and
children spent Sunday at George
town.
Word has been received that Pfc.
Delaney Buddy Pryor is attach
ed to the First Marine Division,
Front Line, Korea.
Miss Patsy Langren. a patient
at Kent General Hospital, follow
ing an appendectomy. Mr.. Ernest
Ellingsworth, well known farmer
near Clayton, is hospitalized at the
Kent General Hospital.
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22

Claude Adkins to replace him as
Sussex All agent.
The Delaware All Club program
will again move forward, and be
strengthened by the promotion ~of
Samuel M. Gwinn to state All Club
leader, with the University of Del
aware Agricultural Extension Ser
vice. Mr.. Gwinn will also serve as
acting assistant director of agri-
cultural short courses.
This announcement was made
this week by George M. Worri1ow,
director, Delaware Agricultural
Extension Service and Experiment
Station. "This is the first time, :"
said Worrilow, "that the All pro-
gram has been completely unified
and under the leadership of one
person"
simultaneously, the appointment
of Claude Adkins, from West Vir-
ginia, as new Sussex county All
agent to replace Gwinn was an
nounced.
Gwinn has served as All agent
in Sussex county for four years.
During that time, said Director
Worrilow, the All program there
has grown in both membership and
participation of local leaders.
A native of West Virginia, he
was reared on a 200 acre farm,
and was a All Club member for ten
years. He received a degree in
elementary education from Con-
cord State Teachers College, Ath-
ems, w. Va; and bachelors and
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22
Marydel

Mrs. Myrtle Newton of Princess
Ann is spending several days visit
/ ing with her sitter and husband, Mr.
and Mrs. T. Olen Ford.
Little Miss Doris Lee Walker,
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. James
Walker celebrated her second birth
day on Wednesday, November %.
Fourteen members of the Mary
Del Firemen's Ladies Auxiliary at
tended the monthly meeting of the
Caroline County Ladies Auxiliary
held in fredericksburg, Nd, on Fri
day evening, Nov. 18th.
Mr.. and Mrs. Phillip Pyper dur
ing the week entertained in their
home her mother, sister, and cous-
in, Mrs. Bertha Cannon, Miss Eliz-
abeth Cannon, and Mrs. Ruth
Short, all of Philadelphia.
Mrs. VIM. Oxley, who recently
underwent an operation at St.
GATHERINGS Hospital, Brooklyn is
convalescing at the home of her
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. S. F. Rich
ardson, 787 Woodward Ave. Brook
lyn, N. Y.
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Covington
of Holloway Terrace, New Castle,
are spending the Thanksgiving hol-
idays with her parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. L. H. Collision.
Miss Jean Leslie is spending her
Thanksgiving holiday at home in
company with the ''mumps".
The Marydel Civic Club held its
November meeting on Thursday,
Nov. 18th, at p. m. at the home
of Mrs. Lee Leslie, with Mrs. T. E.
Heather, Jr., as co-hostess. The
program chairman, Mrs. T. E.
Heather, Jr., led in devotions, and
later, in a Christmas idea program
at which time each member offered
an idea for the holiday season.
Election of officers for the coming
year was held during the business
session, with result as follows:
president, Mrs. Virginia Heather;
vice-president, Mrs. Olga Radick;
secretary, Mrs. Grace Gresley; as
sistant secretary, Mrs. Jerry Har-
man; treasurer, Mrs. Mary Franc
es Shultz; assistant treasurer, Mrs.
Thelma Heather. Plans were made
to hold the annual Christmas din
ner at the Wayside Inn, Smyrna, on
Friday evening, Dec. 14th, begin
ming at 7:30 pm. Reservations for
the dinner will please be given to
Mrs. L. H. Collision no later than
Saturday, Dec. the 8th.
Marydel Lions Ladies' Night will
be held at the Marydel Community
Hall on Monday evening, Nov. 26th,
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22

Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Moore Of
Newark spent Sunday with Mr.. and
Mrs. Eugene Shockley.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles p. Brown
and family, and Mr.. and Mrs. Cliff
ton Casson and sons of Blackbird
spent Sunday with Mr.. and Mrs.
Thomas Warner.
Mr.. Charles Brown Jr., left Mon
day for weeks training at the
Naval Reserve Base at Bainbridge,
Md.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Shetzler en-
tertained at dinner Sunday in hon
or of Mr.. Shetzler's birthday, Mr.
and Mrs. John Shelter Jr., and son
of Smyrna, Mr.. and Mrs. Burton
Winder and Miss Jane Burton and
Mrs. Emma Barber.
Mr.. and Mrs. Wilson Keiser Jr.
of Laurel were dinner guests Sun.
day with Mr.. and Mrs. Wilson
Keiser, Sr.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph Rowan Of
Alexandria, Va, spent the weekend
with their parents, Mr.. and Mrs
Thomas Rowan.
Miss Helen Buckson of Whining
ton spent the weekend with hei
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Charles v
BuckSon.
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22

the science. of everyday living,
through the automobile.
Yet most motorists take that
magic lamp" so much for granted
that they give it no help at all
and it sometimes needs help.
This is the time of year when
that small miracle begins to need
help in the form of precautions
those precautions that mean easier
winter driving. One automotive
engineer puts it this way: "The
self-starter took the drudgery out
of driving and put the automobile
into daily life. But you've got to
give that starter a chance to work
by making it possible for your car
to start readily"
He means, of course, that the
little giant won't turn over froz-
en- motor, nor work with a dead
battery, for instance.
/ There are many such winter
driving precautions the automobile
experts, your automobile dealers
service men, you'd like to remind
you of-to help you avoid needless
expense and inconvenience this
winter.
Chances are that your new cal
dealer is a member of the Nationa,
Automobile Dealers Association
and helped put together list Of
simple precautions yoe can take
now, to be ready for the worst
winter. Here they are;
1. Have your battery checked fol
peak performance in cold weather
2. Have your cooling system
checked and treated with rust-in
hibitor, to be sure it's in goot
shape before aiding the winter
anti-freeze. This will prevent
chacked hoses and clogged radi
ators, too.
8. Be sure you use the right kline
and the right amount of anti-freezt
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22
LIeipsic

Mr.. and Mrs, Frederick Walls of
near town had as their dinner
guests on Sunday Mr.. and Mrs.
George c. Mill and Mr. and Mrs.
Jules Perris of Philadelphia.
MRS. Henry Bush, Mrs. Arthur
Rusby, Mrs. William Maclary and
Mrs. Henry Hall attended a meet
ing at Lewes on Sunday to repre-
sent the Ladies Auxiliary in the in
terest of the firemen.
Mrs. Mary Thomas returned
home with her son and daughter
in-law, Mr.. and Mrs. Reedy Thom-
as of Philadelphia for sometime.
Mrs. Arthur Rusby and Mrs
Thomas Moffitt gave bridal show
er for Mrs. Eugene Handsberry
Saturday evening at the Commun-
ity Hall. Refreshments were serv-
ed in cafeteria style. Mrs. George
C1othier poured. The bride re-
ceived many nice and useful gifts
About 25 guests were present.
Mr. and Mrs. Clifford Ennis were
dinner guests of Mr. and Mrs. Rey-
nolds Pratt at Clayton on Sunday
Mr.. and Mrs. Claude r. Hoffman
of near town attended the 85th an
nual session of the National Grange
at Atlantic City, N. J., on Satur-
day where the seventh and highest
degree of the Order of P. of H. was
conferred upon them.
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Thomas and
baby visited Mr.. and Mrs. Grace
Cooper at Lincoln Sunday.
The Kenton Homemakers were
hostess to group meeting on
Thursday evening. The following
ladies attended: Mrs. Clarence
Dempsey, Mrs. Harry Hall, Mrs
Wm.Hoffecker, Mrs. Noble Jerman
Mrs. VIM. Maclary; Mrs. Walter
Handsberry, Mrs. VIM. Wood and
Mrs. Arthur Rusby. The evening
was enjoyed by all.
Mr.. and Mrs. Calvin Hastings OF
Yorklyn, visited Mrs. Ida Slaught-
er and son, Henry, Sunday.
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22

for your car. Ask your dealers
service men-they know your car.
4. Have your chains checked for
broken links, wear and proper fit
for easy installation.
5. Get your brakes checked-and
adjusted if they need it. Brakes
that pull unevenly can offset even
the greatest caution when you're
trying to stop gently without skid
ding on winter streets.
6. Have your ignition system
checked, including spark plugs
kiring, condenser and distributor
points. This can take a great
strain off your self-starter and helT
it work better and longer.
Z. Be sure to take your car tc
your new car dealer, the exper'
who knows your car best.
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22
TaylOr's Bridge

Mr.. and Mrs. Lewis Gotschall of
townsville, Pa, Mr.. and Mrs. Al
bert Smith of Hartsville, Pa, Mr..
and Mrs. Charles 2. Dukes, Miss
Nora David of Smyrna and Mrs.
Wilson David spent Sunday with
Mr.. and Mrs. Lee w. David.
Mr.. and Mrs. Leland Sinex OF
Townsend were Sunday visitors
with Mr.. and Mrs. William Francis.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Moore and
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22

with dinner served by the members
of the W.S.C.S. of the Calvary
Methodist Church, Marydel. Chair
man for the program and dinner is
Mr.. u. L. Harman with whom re-
servations should be made.
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22

Chief reason for the downward
shift is more efficient methods of
farming which have resulted in
Smyrna times., 1951-11-22

more production with fewer work
ers, according to the Bureau of
Agricultural Economics.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-10-26

sci could be heard, and the worst
fears were entertained. The life.
savers being unable to do any
thing effectively, now resolved to
wait until daylight. Further pre-
caution was taken to vigilantly pa
troll the beach, in order to give
prompt help to anyone who might
come ashore in the surf.
When day broke five men were
and two on the foremost; one Of
the latter was lying across the
mast, apparently dashed, with his
legs dangling, giving the appear
ance that he was dead. The craft
was listed so far over that her
topmast heads almost reached the
breakers. A line was speedily fired
which fell to leeward of the brig,
as there was nothing high enough
out of the water to catch it. This
was quickly hauled in and fired
again. 1t fell across the starboard
braces. The surfmen walked with
it up the beach and succeeded in
drawing it to the yard arm, so that
one of the men could reach it., The
whip was then taken a short dis
lance up the beach, to gain the adj
vantage of the current, and bent
on to tie shot-line. 1t was the in
tention, if the sailors succeeded
in hauling off the whip to send
aboard hawser and try to effect
a rescue by means of another
breeches-buoy.
AS soon as they commenced to
haul off the whip the other gear,
which had remained standing, was
cut clear, so that there would be no
danger of the line fouling. The
whip went off so well at the start
that a number of the life-savers
Immediately proceeded to the sta
ton to obtain hawser and breech-
es-buoy. After thirty or forty
fathoms of whip had been paid out
the weight of the line prevented
the sailors in their exhausted con-
dition and from their cramped po-
sitions from hauling it farther
against the inrushing sea. They
then, apparently, made the shot
line fast. The surfmen motioned
to them to slack up the lines, but
they did not seem to understand.
Signals were made for one of them
to tie the shot-line around his
waist and take the chances of ,be-
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-10-26

The life-saving men supposed
that little difficulty would be ex-
perienced in bringing off the sail
ors in the breeches-buoy, but the
fouling of the gear as described,
the almost immediate sinking of
the vessel broadside to and list
ing over, combined to defeat their
best efforts and render them pow
erless to do effective work. No mis-
take seems to have been made on
their part. They exerted them
selves to the utmost in trying to
save life and their failure to effect
a complete rescue was due solely
to unfortunate conditions over
which they had no control.
The following are the names and
residences of the lost: H. B.
Knight, captain, Baltimore, Mary
land; James Richards, second mate,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; John
Smith, (colored), Cape Charles,
Virginia; Peter Florida (colored),
Fanama, United states OF Column
bla; Charles Hobbs (colored), Suf-
folk, Virginia, and Edward Forbes,
(colored), Turks Island, West In
dies. Four of the bodies, including
those of the captain and second
mate, subsequently washed up on
the beach, one of them forty miles
south of the scene of the wreck.
Two of them were buried by the
surfmen and the other two sent TO
relatives in Baltimore.
The four Survivors, who were
provided with suitable clothing
from the supply placed at the dis
posal of the Service by the Wom-
er's National Relief Association,
were cared for at the Dam Neck
Mills Station several days, after
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-10-26

ing dragged ashore through the
surf, but without effect.
Another Vain Effort
The man on the end of the top
mast was soon to leave the brig
and attempt to follow the shot
line in, hand-over-hand, but he
soon disappeared. The life-savers
scattered along the beach in hopes
Of saving him, but he did not gain
the shore. Twenty minutes after
this the vessels topmast began to
dip deeply into the water and she
suddenly took three heavy rolls anG
capsized, the heels of her masts
floating up. Those on board of her
were instantly engulfed, and so
far as could be seen, did not come
to the surface again. Diligent
search was made along the beach,
but no traces of the men were
found.
From the foregoing account it
will be seen that the life-saving
men, from the moment they COM
menced operations until the vessel
went to pieces, did everything in
their power to rescue those on
board. Three keepers and two full
crews were persent during most of
the work, and every expedient that
had any chance of success was en-
ployed. During the entire proceed
ings a furious storm was raging.
The wind at no time being less
than forty eight miles an hour,
and at times rising to a velocity
of seventy-two miles according to
Signal Service record at Cape Hen
ry. The sea that swept the beach
was so tremendous that it was ut
terly impossible to launch boat;
in fact it was not once thought of.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-10-26

helpless condition, was assisted in
to the buoy. 1t seems that he got
into it with a long overcoat on, the
shirts of which hung outside. He
was advised to remove the gar
ment, but showing no inclination
to do so, a comrade, fearing that
an underrush of the surf between
the coat and body might lift the
feeble man out of the buoy, pulled
out a jack knife and attempted to
cut the skirts clear. This was on
ly partly accomplished when the
buoy was hauled toward the shore.
1t is stated that one Of the sailors
saw the captain washed out. This
is the first occurrence of the kind
in the history of the Service.
The buoy was again sent back
to the brig and a sailor and the
cabin boy were safely landed. For
the fifth time the buoy was hauled
off, but on its return it was found
empty. 1t must be remembered
that those operations were execut-
ed under the greatest difficulty;
the line became repeatedly fouled
with pieces of rope and wreckage;
the vessel was very unsteady, and
a tremendous surf swept the beach
and broke over the lines a large
portion of their extent. The
breeches-buoy was started on its
sixth trip to the raft, but after it
had travelled some fifty yards it
stopped altogether, and the united
efforts of the rescuers could not
move it in either direction. The life
savers tried in various ways to
break it loose, but to no purpose.
The vessel had now listed over so
that nearly all the gear was under
water. Shortly after this the keep
er and crew of the Seatack Sta
ton arrived on the scene. Efforts
were renewed to get the buoy
clear, but without success.
About this time what appeared
to be the flying jib-boom went by
the board, together with all the
head-sails, and the wreckage was
swept under the foremost. After
satisfying themselves that it was
useless to continue trying to break
loose the buoy, the station men de-
cided to wait until low water (the
tide was falling), and put another
line over her, as she would then
probably be lying easier, and less
difficulty would be experienced in
throwing the line clear of the
wreck-staff.
Weather Not Cold
The weather was not cold and
there was no immediate danger
of the crews perishing. A fire was
built on the beach to encourage
them and a strict watch maintain
ed. Keeper Payne, of the Little
Island Station, with one of his
crew, also arrived shortly after II
o'clock. About midnight another
line was fired from the vessel, but
no efforts were made on board to
haul it off.
The surfmen kept working it up
and down the beach, so as to give
the sailors a chance of reaching it,
but the expedient proved futile.
No sounds that would indicate a
living soul was on board the YES