davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-07-01

the International Civic Avia-
ton Organization (experts in
aviation questions).
U. N. workers found that lift
ing living standards Is a COM
plicated, many-sided problem,
in which it is easy to get the cart
before the horse. For instance,
If disease is wiped out and the
health level lifted, an increased
food supply is needed generally
to maintain the level. II the
food supply is increased without
an adequate transportation
system to distribute it, the re-
suit Is a costly jam.
Any country that wants help
from the program must ask
U. N. for it. The Technical
Assistance Board. made up of
the expert heads of the special
lied agencies, studies each coun-
try's request and outlines q
tentative program. If the
country accepts it. the required
experts go there, survey the
problems, confer with govern
ment officials and advise them
what to do. 1t is then up to
the country to decide whether
IL will follow the counsel. It
must do the work itself.
Here are some OF the things
q. N. technical assistance has
accomplished to date:
The Food and Agriculture Or
ganizatien consulted with a
number Of governments in the
Far East and Middle East on
how to reclaim millions of
square miles of land laid waste
by erosion and lack of rainfall.
In the irrigated Indus Valley in
Pakistan, where thousands of
acres became too waterlogged
for agricultural use, FAC tech
nicianS are now studying means
to get the land back in produc-
ton. In Saudi Arabia, where the
problem is aridity, FAC recla-
nation engineers are studying
how to increase the water sup
ply by pumping and storage
systems.
Brazil has a different prob
Evening star., 1951-07-01

of them weak and addicted to
narcotics themselves.
In the Malta inner circles. the
men on the high council are re-
ferred to as ''Don"-a title of re-
spect and awe. In Italy, two mer
have that title-Luciano and ar
Italian native.
Federal Narcotics Commissioner
Harry j. Anslinger says that with
more men, his bureau could go &
long way toward stopping the flow
of narcotics into the country. Gus.
toms officials make the same state
ment.
But even with more men. tn,
fear Of reprisal will still be Strons
among the small fry" paddler
and addicts. The reputation o
the Black Hand is enough to in
timidate much stronger men.
/ The stock reply to questions a
to where the drug was purchased
has become: 81 bought it on {
street corner. I don't know wht
sold it to me-"
The Senate crime probers hav'
indicated they'll keep on trying
in future hearings. to learn where
the drugs are coming from. They'll
try. too, to link Luciano directl,
with the flow of drugs into thi
country.
/ But finding witnesses who will
!. talk seems a hopeless task. Fea,
is a potent weapon.
Evening star., 1951-07-01
Americas Island Empire Getting New Civilian Administration

men are taking over is a unique
and complex one. The people
they will rule number half the
population Of Little Rock. Ark,
spread over 3 million square
miles of ocean. Their homes in
clude the North Marianas, Caro-
lines and Marshall Island
groups.
The Micronesians Of the trust
territory are a poised. dignified,
primitive people. They have
lived under a feudal system for
centuries. Left on their own,
they probably would continue to
live that way for centuries to
come. But from the days of the
early explorers, the islands have
been pawns of the worlds mari
time powers. First it was the
Spaniards, then the Germans.
then the japanese.
The Japanese occupation dur
ing World War II shattered any
possibility that the islanders
could live on in their feudal
ways in a fast shrinking world.
The Japanese fortified the
islands, closed them off from the
rest of the world and built them
as springboards for aggression.
After the war the United Ma
tions entrusted the islands to
the United States.
The islanders. their feudal
ways disrupted by wars and
strangers. depend on the United
States for trade, transportation,
communications, courts, medical
care and education.
The Navy has provided ships
and planes for mail, cargo and
transportation. It is bequeath-
ing four Ply Catalina flying
Evening star., 1951-07-01

the greatest thing the Navy had
done for his people.
"Our babies do not die any
more" the old man said with
simple dignity.
In the last seven years the
Navy has cut the death rate by
half and sliced infant mortality
by 10 per cent. Training centers
for dentists, nurses and teachers
have been established.
The ultirnate-though distant
aim is to train the islanders
to take over their own admins
tration.
The islanders so far have no
organic act. They are citizens
of Micronesia. They may not
. rule themselves, but they are
guided with a fatherly hand.
None of their old beliefs, Gus
toms or traditions are outlawed.
An expectant mother can still
turn to the incarnation of a
medicine man if she wants to,
but more and more are turning
up at the civil administration
dispensaries, dotted through the
far-fung islands.
The United States atomic
proving ground at Eniwetok,
in the Marshall Islands, is the
only area in the trust territory
not affected by the change-over.
The native Marshallese were
moved to other atolls when
the area was taken over as a
strategic testing ground.
The Micronesians Of the trust
territory, to a large extent, live
on a subsistence level. Their
islands are poor In natural re-
Evening star., 1951-07-01

He said he was pinched by Italian
customs police because they hap
pened to find $3.50 worth Of Gig
arettes in his luggage.
He said the cigarettes had
nothing to do with Luciano. An
Italian customs report said Lu-
ciano was connected with the
cigarettes.
MARITIME said he lived in Italy
for a year on the 5000 he took
with him. Nobody paid for his
room, he told the Senators. He
had one room for $15-for si2
months. "They were friends o1
the family" he explained.
His nine children. he said, paie
his passage to Italy and back
a total of $3.50. His children, ht
went on, have been supporting
him for two years.
At the close of his testimony
Senator Wiley, Republican, o.
Wisconsin snapped: you're no
as dumb as YOU imply. You know
something about this"
A Federal narcotics agent
Charles Siragusa, followed Mar.
tino in the witness chair.
The Malta, Luciano. and th'
fear of witnesses entered the testi.
mony again. Strong Malta unit.
are operating, Mr.. Siragusa said
| In cities like San Francisco, Kan.
sas City, Detroit. New York, Chi
cago. Cleveland and Philadelphia
In Detroit, New York, Chicago
Evening star., 1951-07-01

sending their particulars soon, too.
OF course, the title "Sir" in
these cases is purely honorary.
like the knighthood that gbes with
it. American law doesn't allow an
American citizen to accept the real
thing. That's why the 70-odd
American knights have been left
out of the exclusive Debrett in the
past.
However, the 1852 edition OF
Debrett's will wipe out that blot
on their knightly +escutcheons-
and the American knights will ap-
pear alongside their British
cousins.
The knightly champion who
came to the rescue of Americas
honorary knights-and put them
alongside the British nobility
whose particulars cram 1000
closely printed pages-was Sir
Douglas Fairbanks. jr., named a
knight commander of the Order
of the British Empire for his
work in furthering Anglo-Ameri-
can relations.
! Recently, he told Hankinsor
that American knights would re-
gard it a privilege if their names
were included in the plush volume
IHankinson Immediately agreed.
] The American knights are moi
"dubbed"- d"-touched with a sworc
by King George, nor do they
receive the accolade of theil
knighthood. But they do receive
the same insignia as any othel
knight, and are entitled to coats
of arms.
81 Inyrtrihuted hv the Ascociated presS)
Evening star., 1951-07-01

Willingly or unWlCClngly, nelp 10
wage the present hemisphere-wide
Communist propaganda campaign
against the United States.
Although the old cry against
yankee imperialism" heard once
Iagain in so many of the nations
next door, was revived by the Red
agents and stooges of Moscow fol-
lowing the last war, in most coun-
tries it is now being voiced by
small time politicians. reactionary
newspapers and nationalist labor
leaders. Only in Brazil, Chile and
one or two others have those in
Authority come to realize that this
fanatical outcry against Uncle
Sam is just as detrimental to their
own interests as it is to the inter-
estS of the United States.
Realization in Brozil
The key men in the present
government Of President Getulio
Vargas of Brazil apparently re-
Ialize that extreme nationalism, te
which Vargas himself once gave
lip service, is subversive of the
nations own welfare. Vargas
came into Office early this year or
Ia platform that promised an ex.
Ipansion Of Brazilian industry
Igreater production, more jobs fol
the country's so million people
Immediately he found that the
Inationalistic campaign, introduced
Iby the Communists after the war
was a severe handicap to his
program.
One of the giant country's
Igreatest single needs is the de-
velopment of its oil resources.
major portion of it's dollar ex-
change has to be used to pay fol
petroleum imports, making it i'm.
possible to buy enough machinery
and other equipment for the ex.
lpanSion of agriculture, better
transportation and more manu-
featuring. Oil has been discov.
cred in several sections of tn,
country. but large amounts of cap
Evening star., 1951-07-01

sources. Their soil is low in
fertility. Erosion, periodic ty-
phoons and insect pests hamper
agriculture. They grow their
own few garden crops, tropical
fruit taro and arrow roots.
They raise their own livestock,
pigs, chickens and ducks.
They feed themselves, but
they have little money to buy
the things they want. Mean
while, the destruction of World
War II has dislocated their way
of life, and contact with the
outside world has awakened new
appetites.
Whether it's can of import
ed salmon or an American Gig
arctic, a radio-phonograph or
crisp United States dollar bills,
the Micronesians have learned
to want them. Now they have to
earn them.
That's where the rub comes
in. A five-day, 40-hour week is
the height of barbarity to the
people Of the trust territory.
Easygoing and pleasure-loving
they cheerfully resist admins
tration efforts to organize them,
whether it's for commercial
fishing or any other industrial
effort. Left on their own, they
would fish only when they were
hungry. and stop work as soon
as they were Sated.
They may turn out to be a
headache to the Interior De-
partment. but they are no head
ache to themselves.
distributed By the Associated Press)
Evening star., 1951-07-01

White Russian runs a restaurant
on Yap. Two Belgian whole
salers and Czechoslovakian re-
taller operate on Ponape. An
American runs a store on out
lying KuSaie.
The Island Trading Co. han
dies exports: Copra from the
dried meat Of the coconut, Mi
cronesian handicrafts and tro-
chus shellfish, which are manu-
factured into buttons. It imports
coffee, sugar and other food and
luxury items.
The natives say they are sorry
to see the Navy go. A visitor
asked one old man in the Caro-
lines what, in his opinion, was
Evening star., 1951-07-01
By Roy Essoyon

A vast island-speckled area
the size of the United States
changed hands last midnight in
the Western Pacific. But the
$1,000 islanders who people the
trust territory Of the Pacific will
hardly have noticed the change.
The United States Navy took
over the former japanese man
dated islands in 1914. near the
tail end of the Pacific war.
Now. in fulflllment Of a pledge
to the island peoples, it has
handed the islands over to civil
administration, under the In
terror Department.
The principles, policies and
aims of the United States in the
area remain unchanged. The
only change will be in the men
who implement them. They
won't wear a military uniform.
In some cases even the men
will remain the same. They will
just take. off their uniforms.
The Navy is granting some vol
untary discharges to help finish
the job for the United Nations.
Some 300 Navy officers and
enlisted personnel have run the
1,460 islands Of the trust ter
ritory. Their civilian opposite
numbers started breaking into
their new jobs two months ago.
Ebert D. Thomas, former
Democratic Senator from Utah,
replaces the Pacific Fleet COM
mander, Admiral Arthur w.
Radford, as High Commissioner
for the trust territory.
The job Mr.. Thomas and his
Evening star., 1951-07-01

lem. It has vast undeveloped
forestS-but it imports much
paper pulp. and the rest of the
world has a paper shortage. So
FAC forest advisers are studying
how to develop the Amazon for
ests and pulp the tropical woods
there.
FAC experts are showing
. Libya how to increase Its wool
production. Syria how to i'm
prove livestock, and Egypt how
to control the cotton leaf worm
which does $100 million worth
of crop damage a year. Thai
land, Indonesia and Ecuador are
getting expert advice on now to
stabilize their market prices and
farm products. Chile is studying
how to develop and market her
vast fish resources.
Brood Health Program
The World Health Organiza-
tion is waging war against many
diseases. 1t attacked malaria by
spraying mosquito breeding
swamps with DDT. waged war
on tuberculosis in children by
vaccine aimed at prevention,
and battled yaws by penicillin
Injections. One or more Of
these campaigns were conducted
in Latin America, Europe. the
Middle East and the Far East.
In India, WHO experts are ad-
vising the government on public
health programs and in Ceylon
they are training nurses in
pediatrics and midwifery. In
San Salvador, work is beginning
on a big project which will work
on sanitation, mother and child
health, nutrition. healthy teeth
and general health education.
UNESCO contemplates the gi-
gantic Job of helping educate
the 1.2 billion people in the
world who still do not know how
to read and write. Several prof.
ects are under way, using diff
ferent systems.
In India UNESCO uses auto
Evening star., 1951-07-01

boats and seven cargo ships to
the Interior Department to carry
on the work. These will be run
under charater by Transocean
Airlines and the Pacific Far
East Lines.
The Island Trading Co., a
non-profit Government corpo-
ration, has handled the bulk OF
the territory's trade. 1t operates
a trust fund for the islanders
and provides loans and subsidies
to local businesses. The Interior
Department will take this COM
pany over, too.
Small stores Scattere d
throughout the area are oper-
ated mostly by islanders. A
Evening star., 1951-07-01
u. U.S.Knights'
lin Blue Book
By MichoeI NeWmarch

LONDON.-Sir George Catlett
Marshall has sent along a brief
autobiography for inclusion with
his fellow knights in the next edi-
ton of Debrett's, Britain's au-
thoritative list of it's blue blood
nobility.
So have Sir Omar Bradley and
Sir Chester Nimitz, Editor F. j.
Hankinson of Debrett discloses.
What's more, those other samples
of the cream of chivalry, Sir
Dwight Eisenhower and Sir Doug
las Macarthur, probably will be
Evening star., 1951-07-01
Hemisphere NotionoIists
|Ploy the KremIin's S Game
Except in Brozi and Chile, Its Smart
To Keep Blasting at Yankee Imperialism
By Edword TomIinson

majority Of the leading Latin American governments openly
political philosophy Thirteen Of the 20
Communist political parties and organiza
flew instances officials and leaders,
democratic of the republics been slow to take
the rabd nationass and other extremists who
Evening star., 1951-07-01
U. S. Foreign Aid Snofu
Case of Too Many Cooks
Export-Import and World Bonks Compete,
While Duplicating Each Others Efforts
By Herbert Brotter

few weeks when Nevadas powerful silver Senator Pat
McCaan Herbert CASTOR OF the
Department and ECA officials
with Ambassador Senor Don Jose
Erqza history international protocol
months had been reported lobbying for loan from
Evening star., 1951-07-01

Toh rdo MewMde eId orr Of
heTnte dmk M M n
Evening star., 1951-12-04
Jury Aequits Man, IS,
On Insanity Grounds
In Staying Of Woman

A 66-year-old man late yester-
day walked from District Court a
free man. after q jury had ac-
quilted him Of a charge of first
degree murder on ground that he
was Of unsound mind when he
shot and killed a niece of his d.
vorced wife in November. 1948.
The man is Orval N. Jackson,
former Montana rancher. who was
reported last September Is to
have recovered his sanity. He
had been accused in the shotgun
staying Of Mrs. Mary Jane Frei,
4S. in a house where they both
lived at the time Of Staying, No
vember S, 1948. in the 4600 block
Of Polk street NE.
The trial centered around the
testimony Of four Government
pSychiatrists. Two Of them, DR..
Joseph L. Gilbert and DR.. Omino
Perretti. both of Gallinger Hospi-
tai, testified they believed Mr..
Jackson was insane at the time
Of the Staying.
Committed I'm 194S.
In March. 1949, Mr.. jackson
formally was found Of unsound
mind at o lunacy hearing in Dis
trict Court and committed to st.
Elizabeths.
His recovery, as Of last Septem-
Der. was reported by DR.. Bernard
Cruvant and DR.. Carlos Dalmau
Of st. Elizabeths Hospital.
Chief Judge Bolitha j. Laws,
who presided at the trial, which
began yesterday. instructed the
jury 1t could find Mr.. jackson
guilty Of either first or second
degree murder or not guilty on the
ground Of insanity at the time of
the shooting.
The jury Of eight men and four
women deliberated for half an
hour before finding Mr.. Jackson
not guilty by reason Of insanity
at the time Of the killing.
CtntC"CAb 4tCAu w SuEys
Mr.. Jackson did not take the
stand to testify, but a statement
he made to police just after the
shooting was read to the jury. In
1t. Mr.. Jackson said he did not
remember any details of the
shooting. The statement quoted
him as saying his niece seemed
to have Smoke around her when
he saw her in the bathroom where
she was slain.
The dead woman's son, Harold
Frei, testified he heard his mother
tell Mr.. Jackson she was going
out because she was afraid to stay
at the house with the defendant.
The fatal shot was fired shortly
afterwards. it was testified.
It was brought out at the trial
that Mrs. Fret had sold the Polk
street home and that Mr.. Jackson
had been scheduled to go to a
hospital on November s, 1948, to
be operated on for cancer.
Without Mr.. Jackson knowing
1t, the niece had left $1,000 with
q maid to be given to him for his
expenses for the operation. 1t was
brought out at the trial. Mr..
jackson since has undergone the
operation.
His counsel, Attorneys Myer
Koonin and Robert C.. Chalfonte
said last night, Mr.. Jackson plans
to go back to Montana to the
home of a sister. Mr.. Jackson
was prosecuted by Assistant
United States Attorney William
g. Mckinley.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16
CITY COUNCIL MEETS

The Nome City Council met i'm regular session Monday evening with Mayor Charles Jones pre- siding. The application of Chief w. w. Laws for Fire Chief was accepted with salary set at $4O0 a month.
 Councilman Alexander sugges- ted that the city buy up a quantity of old deisel oil from the U. S. Smelling Go. to be used for the oiling of the streets during the summer.
 Councilman McIvor reported on the health conditions of the city, stating that there had been many complaints from the residents of the east end of town concerning the winter garbage dump. Imme- diate action was planned to bull doze the area. Complaints also came from the north end of D St. where refuse has been dumped all winter, it was reported, and this area was to be bulldozed into Dry Creek.
 The City Clerk reported that the City Sales Tax for the first quarter of 1851 totaled $8,179, which was $575.00 less than the 1850 total for the same quarter.
 The fire hazard to the city from oil on the tundra between the ACS transmitter station and Steadman Ave. was discussed at some length, due to the fact that the oil which was lost from storage tank last winter, reported to be over 50,0O0 gallons, has seeped southward un- til it is very close to the resi- dential area. The City Clerk was instructed ito write a letter to ACS headquarters requesting that the area be decontaminated.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16
Junior Senior Banquet
 Tonight at Pioneer Hall

The Junior Senior Banquet is scheduled to be held this evening at the Pioneer Hall for members of the two classes, faculty, and parents.
 Mrs. Maude Mabel Taft and Mrs. John Hudert have kindly of- fered to prepare the dinner for the occasion and will be assisted by the girls in both classes.
 Those taking part in the pro- gram are: Kitty Bjorrlstad who will be toastnistress; Lois Swan berg who will give the class his- tory; Bunny Fagerstrom, the class will; Clara Jorgenson, the class prophecy; and the address of the evening aby Superintendent Wm. Angel. 4
 Frank Dowd and Larry Okpe- aluk will sing a group of songs they have prepared for the oc- caSion.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16
U. s. DISTRICT COURT

George Kullck, we11-known res ident of Nome for many years, was made a citizen this week in the U. s. District Court.
 In admitting him, Judge J. Ke- hoe advised him to take part in the political activities of his coun- try and keep an active interest in the atfairs of the country of which he is now a part.
 John Wheeler was given sen tence of years in a federal peni- tentiary for assault with a deadly weapon.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16
District Attorney Frank Bing-

District Attorney Frank Bing- ham. who. returned recently from the States, left this morning for Washington, DC. on official busi- ness, and plans to be gone about a month. Mrs. Providence Guzzman is the new secretary for the dis trict attorney and will be in the office during his absence.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16

Mrs. Paul Sarv arrived from Seattle to be with her husband who is a patient in the MIMI hos pttal. Friends of MT. Sarv will be glad to learn that he is getting along nicely.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16

MT. and Mrs. M. J. Walsh left this 1norrling for Fairbanks where MT. Walsh, as regent for the University of Alaska, will partici- pate in the commencement exer- cises and visit with relatives and friends.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16

Don Perkins. teacher for the Territorial School at Council, and correspondent flor the Nugget ar rived in town yesterday and said he plans ito return to Council next year. He expects to be around Nome this summer. @
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16
Fish and Wildlife Agents Warn Illegal Bird Hunters

Bob Baker and Joe Minor of the Fish and Wildlife Service, ar rived from their Kotzebue head quarters yesterday.
 They warned that only a limited number of birds were legal for hunting this time of year, and those legal only to EskimoS. Auks, auklets, gullim0nts and murees. may be hunted, they stated, but all other waterfowl and game birds including ptarmigan and grouse are now out of season.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16
FLOODED OIL STOVE
 CAUSES FIRE THIS MORNING

The Fire Department was called out this morning to answer an alarm from 3rd Ave. and Hunter Way.
 A cook-stove in a residence had flooded with oil during the night and when lighted set the whole stove on fire. Fire Chief Laws cautions that anyone having flood ed stoves should drain them care fully before starting fires,
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16
In Commissioners Court

Joe Norbert, minor, is being held for burglary and has been bound over the Grand Jury.
 Elsie Peglik was given a sen- tence of Is days for being drunk on a public street.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-16
NOTICE

Anyone causnt damaging inc chairs or other property of inc Dream Theater will be prosecut- ed 10 the full extent of the law.
 Dream Theater Management
Evening star., 1951-11-02
HOUSES sALE-MD. (cont.)

CHAS. H. STEFFEY, INC.
Restaurant and tavern-At woodland
Beach. Anne Arundel County. Fully
eauippedt kitchen, dining room and
bar. Enjoying a real business. year
round, Due to owners health, must
be sold. This is a real opportunity.
Make an appointment now.
Woodland Beach-Large cottage suit
able for convalescent home or board
ing house; also could be arranged
as 8 apis. The grounds are large
and well shaded, Arrange to, see
this, a good investment property.
Woodland Beach. South River-Very
attractive bungalow with large we'll
good water front. new pier and good
bathlng. All furniture. gas stove.
to move in. Possession at once.
Shady, Side. Md.-.-Frame cottage 10
Gated on acre plus lot that can be
heating. asbestos shingle. storm
windows. Price. only $500 in fee;
BRIDE. Rockville 2163. -3