davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-12-23
By Alex R. Preston

Virginia may get the hottest seat
in Congress next year.
That, it seems, would be the posi-
ton of the House member whose
entire demanding constituency would
be virtually within hailing distance
at all times.
The 1852 congressional election
outlook depends on whether the
General Assembly. which convenes
January 9 for so days. can solve the
dynamite-laden issue of redistricting
the Old Dominion to provide for a
new 10th district.
A special commission of the Gen.
eral Assembly has recommended
that the new district. made up of
Arlington. Alexandria, Fairfax and
Falls Church. be carved out Of the
9th. The area has more than 303 900
inhabitants, all with a certain COM
munity Of interest.
The present Representative of that
area, Howard w. Smith, Democrat,
of Alexandria, has many of the
problems the new Representative
the 8th-represents widely divergent
rural and urban interests. The 8th
extends all the way from Loudoun
County down to Charlottesville.
Chonce for the 6. O. P.
Furthermore. the 10th district
would give Virginia Republicans their
greatest chance in years to elect a
member of Congress
The late Tyrrell Krum, Fairfax
County Republican, did, in fact, carry
the area suggested for the 10th in
the last congressional election in
1850. Mr.. Krum got 17,400 votes
to l5,600 for Mr.. Smith in the Arling-
ton-Alexandria- -Fairfax-Falls Church
area. Mr.. Smith, however, won hand
lily by piling up majorities elsewhere.
Similarly. in the 1948 election, Mr..
Smith just barely nosed out Mr.. Krum
in the proposed new district where
the count was 17,700 to 1900, but a
Evening star., 1951-12-23

Smith would transfer his residence
that political seers already are being
heard from.
Speculation on who will occupy the
States "hot seat" includes a half
dozen or more Democrats and at
least two Republicans so far.
Democrats frequently mentioned
include J. Maynard Magruder, Ar
lington's senior legislative member
in the General Assembly; State Sena-
tor-elect John A. K. Donovan, Falls
Church; Delegate Armistead Boothe
of Alexandria. State Senator Charles
r. Fenwick of Arlington, Circuit
Judge Paul Brown of Fairfax and
Calvin Haley. secretary to Repre-
sentative Smith.
On the G. o. P. side, Joel Broy-
hill. Arlington builder. and Oren r.
Lewis, Arlington attorney. have fig
ured on the dopesters' lists.
Moeruder Anoyzes Situation
State Senator Andrew w. Clarke,
Democrat, who was defeated by Mr..
Donovan and leaves Office December
81. is repeatedly mot interested" in
the race. Circuit Judge William D.
Medley Of Arlington, former Demo-
cratic State Senator, has been men,
toned. Charles c. Carlin, publisher
of the Alexandria Gazette. is another
possibility.
Mr.. Magruder-among those most
frequently talked about-said, "a lot
of other people have been asking me
the same question. I consider it an
honor, but I have nothing to say now
for three reasons:
Il. We have't got the new district.
''2. don't know the plans OF the
incumbent.
'3. haven't made up my mind"
Some sources in Richmond and
elsewhere in Northern Virginia have
taken it for granted that Senator
Fenwick would seek the Office. He
admitted having been approached by
a number Of persons on the matter.
but said that right now, I'm too
busy being State Senator" He also
Evening star., 1951-12-23
Moyonds Senator Race May Be BeoI| vs. Sosscer Affair

leaders In Baltimore city and the
implied support Of Mayor Thomas
D'Alesandro.
Senator O'Conor. on the other
hand, is reported to be backed by
Democratic National Committeeman
George P. Mahoney, who almost won
the party nomination for Governor
last year. In fact, Mr.. Mahoney re-
ceived more popular votes than the
incumbent, William Preston Lane, jr.,
but he was edged out because Gov.
Lane had a majority of the unit"
votes in the primary. What's more,
Senator O'Conor is not without in
duence on the Eastern Shore.
With respect to the Senate contest.
Mr.. Mahoney is officially silent. He
says that as national committeeman
he has to stay in position to bring
party harmony after the primary. But
nobody counts him among the Sasscer
advocates.
Neither Mr.. Lane nor former
Senator Millard E. TydingS- was
defeated in the bitter 1850 election
by Republican John Marshall But
ler-has indicated a preference be-
tween Mr.. O'Conor and Mr.. Sasscer.
If and when they do, or if they should
decide to steer clear of the issue, the
situation will have begun to jell.
With Senator O'Conor still silent
on his plans, and Representative
SasScer making obvious headway,
Maryland voters cannot help but
speculate on a general election con-
test between the Democrat from
Prince Georges and the Republican
whose district includes Montgomery.
Evening star., 1951-12-23
Virginia Anxious About New Tenth District

similar situation prevailed in the
rural areas.
In view of this. no one expects Mr..
Smith to remain in Alexandria and
seek reelection from the 10th-if it is
created. The Representative has
maintained a country home on his
farm in Fauquier County, near War;
renton. for many years and spends
much time there.
Although the legislator has not
committed himself. it is expected that
he will merely transfer his legal resi-
dence to Fauquier and easily win re-
nomination and reelection in the
9th district with 263.0OO inhabitants.
1t goes without saying that pro-
posed revisions in the eight other dis
tricts do not pose a serious threat to
the present makeup of the congress
sional delegation from Virginia.
But it is on the premise that a 10th
district will be carved out of the pres
ent 9th and that Representative
Evening star., 1951-12-23

onies in the Western world. which
now numbers nearly 100000.
AS in the case OF most nations in
volved in World War II, Brazil has
since experienced almost every con-
ceivable economic difhculty-inf1a-
ton, high cost of living and even
food shortages. The Vargas govern
ment has sought and received the
assistance of United States experts
and economists in working out ways
and means of solving acute problems,
particularly the renovation of the
railroads and the modernization OF
seaports, as we'll as the extension OF
hydroelectric facilities. The Inter-
national Bank and the United States
Export Import Bank have provided
considerable credits.
In the mountains, so miles from
Rio, the Brazilian Light, Power &
Traction Co., a North American
owned concern, is completing new
reservoirs, generating plants and
other installations to supply more
power, light and water to the capital
city. Similar improvements are be-
ing made in its plants which supply
Sac Paulo. All of this constitutes
a part of the company's $500 million
expansion program. toward which
the World Bank has advanced 500
million.
Steel Output increased
These facilities are also designed
to furnish power for the various in
dustrial enterprises springing up in
the Paraiba River valley between Rio
and Sac Paulo. Ninety miles from
Rio is the new $40 million Volta
Redonda steel mill, partly financed
by the Export-Import Bank. With
new additions to this plant, scheduled
for completion next year. Brazilian
steel production is expected to reach
/ million tons annually. Dupont has
recently opened one of the largest
explosive plants in South America a
few miles from Volta Redonda.
In the north, plans are also under
way to harness the Paulo Alfonso
Falls Goo feet higher than Niagara)
on the Sac Francisco River, to sup
ply 1lSlIt aIlQ power DIS WGu as WdGcI
for the irrigation of farm lands in
the State of Bahia and surrounding
regions. The International Bank
has also granted a loan of SIS mil
lion for the initial development.
Still farther north, along the hump
of the continent. a vast irrigation
system has already been blueprinted
and work begun to water the desert
regions in the States of Cerara, Rio
Grande do Norte and others The
coffee industry is moving farther
west and south from Sac Paulo. New
coffee towns in Parana have doomed
from few hundred to several thou
sand in the last two or three years.
Capitalists of Rio and Sac Paulo
are financing new cattle ranches in
far western Matte Crosse. Presi-
dent Vargas has sent bill to Con-
gress calling for the setting up of
a $500 million oil corporation, to be
jointly owned by the government
and private capital, for the develop
ment of the nations petroleum re-
serves on a large scale.
Evening star., 1951-12-23
Brazil, the Sleeping Giant of the Hemisphere, Awokes

At last. responsible United States
citizens are discovering Brazil. Until
recently most North Americans paid
little attention to this largest, most
varied in its natural resources and,
except our own, the most populous
republic in the Western world. Stu
dents of foreign affairs, businessmen
and even officials in Washington are
giving serious attention and study
to its significance in the interna-
tional picture as well as its impor-
tance to this country.
Today the thoughtful traveller to
South America finds Brazilian cities
bursting at the seams. The popula-
ton of Rio de Janeiro Is approaching
3 million, while that of Sac Paulo
has mushroomed from less than a
million to more than % million in
the last 25 years. Sac Paulo. the
wealth and growth Of which was
formerly based on coffee, is now
cross between Detroit and Chicago.
1t is the principal industrial city
Of all South America, boasting nearly
10000 different manufacturing plants.
1t produces automobiles, tires and
rubber products, agricultural and
other machinery. as well as other
products from surgical dressings to
silk. General Motors, Ford, Firestone
and Goodyear, International Har-
vester, RCA and many other United
States companies have branch plants
there.
More surprising to those who ven-
ture beyond Rio and Sac Paulo Is the
fact that less-known cities have
reached considerable proportions and
Importance. Porto Allegro, down on
the Uruguayan border, rivals Min
neapolis in population, while Belo
Horizonte, two hours by air from
Rio, is another bustling Houston.
newer than the Texas metropolis and
the fastest growing city in the world.
Founded less than so years ago. and
every street and park planned and
laid out before the first building was
constructed, it is today the ultra
modernistic, skyscraper wonder city
of the Brazilian hinterland.
Old Cities Grow
The old colonial cities of the tropi-
cal section Of the country have
taken on new life since World War
II, when they became the great mill
tary centers of the South Atlantic,
with some of the largest air and
naval bases. The populations of Sac
Salvador and Recife, capitals. respec-
lively, of the states of Bahia and
Pernambuco. are rapidly climbing to
the half-million mark.
Oil has been discovered near Sac
Salvador and the Bahian city, still
the center of Brazils important
cacao (chocolate) industry, is already
taking on the atmosphere Of Tulsa
or Shreveport. Recife, headquarters
of South Atlantic air and naval
forces during the last war, is now
southern hub of transatlantic air
travel between Africa. Europe and
South America.
Even sleepy old Manaus, a thou
Evening star., 1951-12-23
By Edword TomIinson

billion board feet of hardwood lum-
ber. One giant logging and sawmill
concern, $500 miles inland from the
Atlantic, supplies many of our furni-
ture manufacturers with mahogany.
The metal and mineral industries
are rapidly forging to the front. The
country's steel mills are turning out
upward of 100000 tons of steel year.
1t has some Is billion tons of high
grade iron ore in Minas Gerais alone.
A solid mountain of iron is near the
state capital of Belo Horizente.
Equally important is the fact that
Brazil possesses large quantities Of
many important steel-making alloys.
Rich in Manganese
North Of the Amazon, in the remote
jungle town of Amapa, Brazilian and
United States interests are beginning
to tap some of the richest manganese
deposits in existence. When fully
developed these mines will, according
to some of our leading experts. be
sufficient to make the Western Hem
isphere independent of Russia or any
other country for this vital product.
During the last war Brazil sup
piled us with the bulk of many scarce
and strategic industrial necessities.
Among these were 80 per cent of
the quartz crystal, then indispensable
in all radio communication equip
ment, precisions instruments, such as
gun and bombsights. and so per cent
of all the tantalite, the principal raw
material for radar. 1t was also the
sources of mica for electrical in
sulation purposes, as well as some 80
per cent Of the industrial diamonds.
Unlike some Of her neighbors,
Evening star., 1951-12-23

sand miles up the Amazon, once the
rubber capital of the world, is taking
on new life. 1t is still the chief mar
ket for wild rubber in the upper
Amazon regions, as well as hardwood
lumber, Brazil nuts and other forest
products of the great river basin.
Due to the rapid growth of the agri-
cultural and numbering industries,
and the recent discovery of oil in the
East Andean regions of Peru, plans
now are under way to make Manaus
a free port, serving all the area. A
new, air-conditioned luxury hotel has
just opened in this old jungle city,
and huge international airport,
capable of accommodating giant
Stratoliners that fly directly between
New York, Rio and Buenos Aires, is
under construction.
While coffee, cacao, vegetable oils
and other agricultural and forest
products are still Brazil's principal
cash crops, the variety of exports is
amazing. Old coffee plantations in
the state of Sac Paulo, after the soil
40 AAo 4c14SCl OAlUdU1C 1Ol OLlE SIONulR
Of our favorite breakfast beverage,
are turned to sugar cane, corn, wheat
and cotton farms.
Brazil is the largest South Ameri-
can producer of cotton and cotton
textiles. In fact, it manufactures
practically all the cotton goods re-
quired by its So million people. 1t is
now the third corn producing country
in the Americas and has some so mil
lion head of cattle, compared with
Argentina's cattle population of
little over % million.
Amazonian forests constitute the
worlds largest remaining reserves Of
hardwoods-more than 1000 differ
ent species and an estimated 5000
Evening star., 1951-12-23

Brazil stood stanchly on our side
in two world conflicts. 1t was the
only one of the 20 southern republics
to send an army complete with its
own air force) overseas in World
War II. 1t permitted us to build
great airfields and naval installa-
tions along its 4.000-mile coastline.
We have more in common with
Brazil than with any other Latin
American nation. While the Brazil
ian language is Portuguese, it's legal
and juridical systems, like our own,
are based on those of England, while
the 18 Spanish-speaking republics,
and Haiti. where French is the ma
tional tongue, adopted Roman law
and the Napoleonic code.
Like our own country its people
represent practically every race and
nationality in the world. There are
only about 250.000 of its original
Indian inhabitants left, and they are
confined to the loneliest stretches of
AmaZonia. Some IL per cent of the
population is of African descent or
has some African blood in its veins.
The Portuguese descendants of the
European discoverers and early set
tiers no longer constitute the ma
jority. There are more than 5 mil
lion people of Italian origin or blood
in southern Brazil. Assyrians and
other Near Eastern stock are numer-
Gus.
West and farther south Germans,
Scandinavians, Poles, Russians and
other Eastern Europeans and Asiatics
are dominate business and industry.
Until the last World War the entire
populations of many towns in Santa
Catarina and Rio Grande do Sui
spoke only German. Sac Paulo state
has one of the largest Japanese COL
Evening star., 1951-12-23

pointed out that no new district has
been created yet and there is still
time to decide.
Mr.. Broyhill Is regarded in Re-
publican quarters as one of the rea-
sons why the party made substantial
inroads in Arlington County affairs
in the November election. A Re-
publican treasurer was elected to re-
place a man whom that party had
"disowned" and Republican was
placed on the County Board for the
first time in many years.
Mr.. Broyhill, with extensive build
ing interests in the area, is reported
to have given generous financial as
sistance to the party for stream
lined campaign which impressed OBJ
servers as an improvement over for
mer years.
Mr.. Lewis. who was defeated by
Mr. Fenwick for the latter's State
Senate seat, said, II wouldn't say
yes and I wouldn't say no." to a
question of whether he would seek
the Office, if available.
Byrd Leoyes Door Open
Il have been approached" he said.
"but I believe it is premature to
make any announcement before the
Legislature acts. / have no doubt
that Republican would make
strong bid for the Office if 1t is Gre
ated here"
Also in the offing In 1852 is the
election for the seat of Senator Harry
F.. Byrd, leader of the dominant fac
ton of the Democratic Party. At
picnic about four years ago. the Sem
ator indicated TO his neighbors that
he would be among them after his
present term expires. But, at the
same time, he left the door open to
run again if the felt he were needed.
At his picnic in Berryville this
year, he acknowledged he was grow
ing older but said he was not fading
away"
His friends express the opinion
that this means Senator Byrd still
feels he Is needed.
Evening star., 1951-12-23
By John v. Horner

1ueTSS ) StIOug pOSolUl1lty tidt
two old friends of opposing political
faiths will clash next year in the
Maryland election for United States
Senator. Each Is member of the
House and each represents district
abutting on Washington.
. Representative Lansdale G. Sasscer.
the Democratic boss Of Southern
Maryland, and j. Glenn Beall, his
affable Republican colleague from
the western hills, are combing the
Free State for the support each
hopes will promote him to a Senate
seat.
They are after the job held by
former Governor Herbert r. O'Conor.
who is completing his first term in
the Senate.
Senator OConor is far from being
out of the picture. But he has not
yet made clear his intention to seek
reelection. Although expected to
run again. he remains strangely
silent while political commitments
to the others are making headlines
every two or three days.
Bock From the South
Senator O'Conor returned only
recently from a South American
trip to find Representative Sasscer
buttonholing Democratic leaders from
the Eastern Shore to Garrett County
and lining up votes for the party
primary next May.
Insofar as party nominations are
concerned. Mr.. Beau appears in a
better position than his House col
league. The Republican has stirred
up some opposition. and he may en-
counter more, but he also enjoys
backing of the G. o. P. high COM
mand in Maryland.
This includes potent leaders like
National Committeeman Jacob France
and Gov. Theodore McKeldin, whose
decisive victory over the Democratic
organization last year impressed lot
of people in a lot of places. Gov.
McKeldin is calling the plays for
the Beall offensive.
At this early stage Of the cam
paign, therefore, seasoned politicians
see little chance for Mr.. Beall's two
avowed opponents within the party
H. Grady Gore of Potomac,
wealthy hotel man, and Paul Rob-
ertson, Baltimore lawyer.
On the Democratic side, the pri-
mary campaign picture will be clari-
fed within a few weeks. BY then,
Senator O'Conor must have to make
known his plans if he doesn't want
to risk losing additional strength to
the active Sasscer forces. BY that
time. too, it should be clear whether
other Democrats will contest for the
party nomination. Among the pos
sibilities Is Fred w. C. Webb, Sails
bury attorney with considerable in
fluence on the Eastern Shore. Many
persons. however, expect the Demo-
cratic contest to narrow down to q
fight between Senator OConor and
Mr.. SaSScer.
Bitter Fight Seen
Such a campaign might we'll pro-
duce bitter fight. While Mr.. Sass
Ger and Senator O'Conor harmoni-
ously worked together over a long
period, a cleavage has developed and
widened. Like number of other
old-time party men. Mr.. Sasscer feels
he has been ignored in some patron
age matters over which the Senator
had control. Politicians don't for
get things like that.
The Senator lost some favor with
constituents because, while he was
chairman Of the Senate Crime In
vestigating Committee this year, his
probers put their spotlight on some
Of the unsavory gambling conditions
in Maryland. The investigators went
into no other state represented by
Evening star., 1951-12-23

Representative Sasscer picked up
strong Endorsement a week ago, when
both Democratic factions In populous
Baltimore County united to urge his
nomination. After noting that the
Maryland Democratic Party suffered
serious setback in 1850. the county
leaders took this long swing at Sem
ator O'Conor:
1--WE cannot hope for our party
again to become the dominant party
by electing to high Office men who
are unwilling to discharge their re-
Evening star., 1951-12-23

members Of the Senate committee.
Some constituents who thought it a
good idea to expose the crime and
corruption were displeased that the
probers didn't go further. These
people charged that only the surface
was scratched in what constituted
kiss-off. On the other hand, the
Senator gained some praise for the
Maryland expose 1t also was pointed
out that the life of the investigating
committee expired before more
could be done.
Evening star., 1951-12-23

sponsibility as party men. We cannot
afford to have in the United States
Senate anyone who tries to be all
things to everyone and is unwilling
to assume the proper responsibility
for the making of party policy" The
leaders promised full support to Mr..
SasScer.
The Representative also has the
influential backing of Controller j.
Millard Tawes. a veteran politician
from the Eastern Shore. He has
commitments from several powerful
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1951-05-26

Die Meoaftionen ser fafboliiben
3eit1ngen batten in ienen Sagen
beige Mrbeit. Ser &eihstag tpar tpie-
Ser auiammengetreten; oa galt es,
itets auf Dem Sled au iein uno nah
alien @ihtlngen Mug unb DIR offen
alt balten.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1951-05-21

put i straight you will, inevitably,
be forced to give battle to the mon
ster.
1t does not do to assume, as a
matter of course, that one can get
a room with a bath in the smaller
Danish hotels. Many cautious WIS.,
itors take a bath before setting
out - and then rely on the sea-
Just after midnight it is general
for Danes to break into English
whether they can or not.
At parties Danes love making
speeches for their guests, for each
other. and for themselves. In spite
of this, it is customary for the
guests 10 reply in another speech.
It doesn't matter in the least what
is said. but it is pleasanter for ev-
erybody if the speech is short -
unless the guest likes making
speeches too. when it is just pleas
anter Tor the others.
Women do not smoke in the
streets in Denmark. They smoke
everywhere else. Some smoke
cheroots and cigars. This indi-
Gates nothing at all except that
they like the cheroots and cigars
better than the available cigar
cites.
If Danes experience difficulty in
making themselves understood by
a foreigner they simply shout
louder - just like the foreigner.
Children are nearly always pres
ent al table in Danish homes.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1951-05-21
Copenhagen
highlights

Some of Copenhagen's high
lights American tourists are
advised to take in," are as
follows:
Rosenberg Castle i'm the mid
die of the city, now a museum
featuring many interesting it
ems from Danish hi5tOry, as
well as the beautiful crown
Jewels.
Oscar Davidsen's restaurant,
featuring the longest sandwich
menu in the world.
The Royal Theatre with its
wOrld-renOwned performances.
BOrsen, stock exchange build
ing, very beautiful. Nyhavn,
Latin quarter" or old city of
Copenhagen. Changing of the
guards at the Kings palace.
kronbOrg Castle, in ElsinOre,
home of Shapespeare's Hamlet,
where the play of that name is
presented each summer.