davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-01-07
Was Shakespeare q Spy?

LONDON.-William Shake
speare-international spy?
That's the latest word on
the Bard of Avon from a Lon
don researcher, Geoffrey Ashe.
A doodle and six lines of
verse found in a 10th century
document at the public record
office here convinced Ashe the
poet-playwright was in the
pay of Queen Elizabeth's in
telligence service.
Good Queen Bess ran the
worlds most efficient spy net
work in the days before the
Spanish armada. Its chief
was Sir Francis Walsingham,
her secretary of state.
Ashe, armed with a reading
glass and a researchers pa
tience, uncovered the letter to
WalSingham from a French
official in Calais.
There were no envelopes in
those days. Wrappers were
used instead. Inside the
Frenchman's wrapper were
these lines of verse, which
handwriting experts say could
be Shakespeare's:
Evening star., 1951-01-07

responsible for political intelli-
gence." Gen. Smith has sur
rendered that function solely to
the State Department and elm
mated duplicating activities in
CIA.
2. Channeled CIA's main eff
forts toward a single goal-pro-
ducing detailed national in
telligence estimates" which con-
centrate on trying to evaluate
the capabilities and intentions
Of a potential enemy.
3. Changed the tactics CIA
pursues in gathering and writ
ing its reports-"for the better"
in the view of most Government
agencies which deal with CIA.
4. Buoyed the morale of CIA
employees and Government in
telligence experts generally.
Perhaps the most important
change Beetle has made is to
start producing the new ma
tional intelligence estimates.
More than a dozen of these
top-secret documents have been
compiled thus far.
These booklets are published
by CIA after exhaustive con-
ferences with the. six Govern
ment departments that have
intelligence sections-the State,
Army, Navy and Air Force De-
partments, the Atomic Energy
Commission and the Federal
Bureau of Investigation.
Top Government officials who
have seen them describe them
as excellent. Even the subject
matter is classified" but it's
reasonable to assume CIA put
out at least one estimate at
tempting to predict the inten-
ton of the Chinese Communists
toward Korea.
Estimates are published by
CIA as part of its duty under
the law to "co-ordinate and
evaluate" the intelligence in
formation funneled to it by
other Government departments.
They represent not only the
Evening star., 1951-01-07

4th there. 1t is the biggest
somewhere between five and six
hundred thousand men-and
best Red Chinese army in almost
all phases of fighting.
Lin has been called the MAN
churian Hammer" but in the
1948 campaing against the Ma
tiOnalists he looked more like a
"rdpler." His armies move fast,
strike swiftly and make f1anking
movements and raids behind
enemy lines almost by instinct.
They are we'll trained in speedy
maneuver and have the reputa-
ton of being indifferent to cas-
ualties and hardships.
Lin graduated from famed
Whampoa Military Academy in
Canton, which was founded by
Chang Kai-shek. He took part
in Chiang's northern expedition
in 1926 which led to the over
throw of the warlords. He es-
capped when Chang turned on
the Communists. In 1927 Lin
participated in the famous long
march" of the Communists to
the north.
Like most Chinese generals,
Lin has some, but not much, ex-
perience in mechanical war;
fare.
1t is not certain whether Lin
is now in Manchuria or Korea.
He was reported to have been
wounded in the stomach last
September when a would-be
assassin took shot at him as
he was alighting from a plane
at the HankoW Airfield. It was
said that his wound was not
serious.
He was hospitalized in Han
kow. Since then there has been
nothing definite on his where
abouts.
distributed by the Associated PressJ
Evening star., 1951-01-07

supplies Of imported raw materials
are suddenly cut off by the plan
ming authorities. Intellectuals, who
at first worked enthusiastically for
the new regime, because it offered
scope for experiments in education
and the arts, are bitterly disap-
pointed as gray cultural uni
formity of the Eastern type is be-
ing gradually enforced. All this
does not add up to an organized
and powerful opposition or to an
acute crisis-despite all individual
failures, the regime is achieving
its most vital economic objectives
and consolidating it's political grip.
But it does explain why in increas-
ing numbers individuals who are
too isolated to form opposition
groups seek direct cooperation
with the West for propagandist
action.
Cangster Tactics
The Eastern kidnapping wave in
West Berlin must be seen against
the background. The first victim,
Herr Weiland of the Neue lei
tung, was a lifelong member of
the German labor movements
whom the Communists suspected
of connection with the papers
Eastern" edition. Next, two un-
successful attempts were made
! against the actual editors of the
Telegraf and Neue Zeitung
special editions, Herr Nieke and
Herr Dewald. A former editor Of
the Russian-controlled Taegliche
Rundschau who left the paper
and went to the West, has also
disappeared with his wife - pos
sibly because the Russians feared
his inside knowledge.
Finally, there are half a dozen
cases of people from the Eastern
zone who wanted to tell their
stories to the West Berlin radio
station and by mistake landed in
the editorial building of the East
German radio still situated on
West Berlin territory-only to be
arrested and transported to the
East.
The technique of these terror
acts shows an imaginative variety
recalling the widest gangster
novelette,. Both Nieke and De-
wald received visits from people
who offered information on East
zone developments but had NOR
phia capsules and chloroformed
handkerchiefs in their pockets;
they have confessed that they were
pressed by the secret police to put
their victims to sleep in their own
West Berlin apartments, then call
a re-arranged East Berlin tele-
phone number and have them coll
lected by car. Weiland was caught
in plain daylight in a quiet street
which he regularly passed every
morning; playing children saw
him stumble and fall without ap-
parent cause, then being dragged
by two men into waiting car. his
foot at first hanging out. He may
have been tripped by a wire or
drugged by a shot from a water
pistol. Later the car was seen on
its way to the Eastern sector, with
man standing up inside and
banging his fists through the win
dow--bloodstained glass splinters
were actually found afterward.
Evening star., 1951-01-07

present resolution in the General
Assembly. calling for a treaty
against genocide. The Assembly
in passing the resolution, directed
that the treaty be drafted.
This was done under Lemkin's
supervision, though he's never had
official status at the U. N. His goa.
was in sight now.
Finally, the Convention on Gen
ocide was adopted by the Assem-
bly, on December 8, 1948. The vote
was unanimous. .
Russia and the Soviet satellites
Evening star., 1951-01-07

died in the gas chambers of
AuSchWitZ.
Elias, with whom Raphael was
reunited in Nuernburg, had been
a prisoner of war in Siberia. He
and his family are now in Canada
Following the formation of the
U. NJ. Lemkin persuaded delegates
of Cuba, Panama and India to
Evening star., 1951-01-07

| dCCkOIl lido UCCIl tdhCl1 NY Gllt
West, and some half dozen people
concerned in the campaign, in
Cludirg at least one important
party official connected with the
East German secret police, are
now in Western hands.
So far, the campaign has not
been directed against prominent
West Berlin politicians, but chiefly
against people whom the Com
nrunlsts suspect of being connect
ed with propaganda in the Eastern
zone or of having supplied infor-
nation about developments there
III fact, the campaign is indirect
evidence of the growth of such
underground propaganda, and OF
Communist anxiety to stop it
Small-SiZe editions of two West
Berlin newspapers-the Ameri-
can uncontrolled Neue Zeitung and
the Socialist Telegraf-are print
ed weekly for distribution in the
Eastern zone, where more than
100000 copies reach their readers
each week, smuggled in railway
trains or posted in envelopes bear
ing the official stamp of the head
quarters of the ruling Socialist
Unity Party. Leaflets are thrown
into the letter-boxes of small
Thuringian towns or stickers put
up on the walls of Mecklenburg
villages. An anti-Communist sa-
tirical paper and a collection OF
whisper jokes" are circulated
with a camouf1aged pocket edi-
ton of George Orwells last novel
1884" whose terrifying vision OF
totalitarian future has been dis
oussed by intellectuals all over
Eastern Germany.
Bonus Called 'Bribe'
Though supported with litera-
ture printed in the West, this re-
sistance activity is not instigated
by the Allied and West German
authorities, many of whose experts
would prefer the East German
opposition to walk more warily
and preserve its strength.
The fact is that opponents of
the Communist regime, by now
deprived of every legal vehicle for
criticism and independent thought.
often act with a recklessness born
of impatience with intolerable
conditions. Besides the old politi-
cal opponents of the regime, many
I of whom have been arrested OF
have fled as their parties were
purged again and again, there are
now new groups of critics.
Workers in an East Berlin fac
tory that had always been the frs
to pass all Communist resolution!
spontaneously and unanimously
the other day forced the granting
of Christmas bonus-describet
by party leaders as an out-of-dat
capitalist bribe - by refusing t.
work the demanded extra shift fo
Stalin's birthday. Farmers, driver
to despair by the sudden confisca
ton, at the beginning of Decem
ber, of the grain they had beer
allowed to keep for their own per
sonnel are acting with open grum
bling and, in an alarming number
of cases, with suicide. Similar re-
ports come from the surviving
small factory-owners and crafts.
men who have lately found, in one
nroYince after another. that theil
Evening star., 1951-01-07
Berlin Reds Try to Stihe
Underground Propaganda
Recent Kidnopings Of Dangerous Persons
Attributed to East Zones Secret Police
By Richard lowenthol

BERINThe latest form of cold warfare here the systematic
KIDNAPPING Dangerous West Berne the
police dozen actual attempted kidnapping taken
place recently and West Berlin rewards
body helps clear with safeguards enabling
him to claim reward while still preserving anonymity
Evening star., 1951-01-07
U.S.. Urged to Use Chiong's S
Troops and Prepare Spain
Analyst Urges These Forces Be Reodied
For Action While There Is Still Time
By Constantine Brown

The gloom which grips the Nation the outset the
the result ndecson Washington
OF the difficulties which face in the years
1t true that through China
advanced guard in the Pacific equally
has far larger and better equipped than
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
Asserts LIN Scores Triumphs Over Enemy In Asia
Austin Speech Regarded Indication Adm. Stand In MacArthur Inquiry

NEW YORK, (P)-Warren R. Austin, chief US. delegate to the United Nations, declared la t night that victory in Korea in- wolves much more than military defeat of the enemy and that the U. N. has scored some important triumphs in the 10 months of war in Asia.
 This was Austin's, reply to a charge by Gen. MacArthur that a policy vacuum exists in Korea. His speech to the New York State convention of Masonic c r d Masters was regarded by many observers as an indication of the stand the Truman administration would take in the congressional investigation of Gen. MacArthur's custer as LIN. commander, which opens tomorrow.
 Austin said U. N. policy in Ko- req is "clear, positive and con- sistent." It has, he said, reused the free peoples of the world to the need for mobilizing their strength, alerted them to the danger of aggression, brought them to a peak of unity and strengthened their will to resist.
 Among the triumphs, he said, were these: Russia's timetable of conquest was upset; Communist puppets failed to occupy all Ko- req; Chinese puppets failed to drive the U. N. from the penin- sula; Russia was served notice of collective resistance if she strikes elsewhere; and Russia's designs for future conquest have been ex- posed.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
PAN AM REPORTS RISE IN TRAFFIC

SEATTLE, (P-Passenger and cargo traffic over the routes of Pan American World Airways, Pacific Alaska Division rose sharply in March over the same month a year ago, Ralph Johan- sen, Seattle District Sales Man ager, announced today.
 Passenger traffic was up 14 per cent with a total of 9,166 passen- gers as against S,O39 in March, 1850. The March 1851, figure was also up 24 per cent over February of this year.
 Cargo traffic showed a rise of IS per cent with SS2,776 ton miles flown this March as aaginst 750,- 185 in March, 1850.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
NENANA ICE MOVED OUT 5:54 PM, APRIL 30

The story of the Nenana Ice Breakup appeared in this column today for Nome readers. This re- sume is for mail subscribers only.
 The Nenana Ice moved April 30 at 5:54 pm. Especially happy in Nome today are Carl V. Ander- son, mechanic for the CAA, and Kay Handeland winchman for the U. s. Smelling Co.,, because they like to work during the summer months.
 Charles CaStel is also happy that navigation has opened be- cause his father operates the MS Vicki C in this area during the summer months.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
Schooner Built
 In Minneapolis EnrOute Alaska

SEATTLE, (P) - Faith n Warren Christianson of Minnea- polls, who decided to make an adventure of their journey to a new life, were in Seattle today with their home-built, 46-foot schooner "Tantalus."
 This was the last stateside port of call for the Alaska bound couple. Christianson expects to start law practice at Anchorage, Alaska.
 They began their schooner at Columbus, Ohio, and completed ii in Minneapolis while Christian son studied law at the University of Minneapolis. When the boat and law course were completed they sailed down the Mississippi, through the Caribbean and Pan- anna Canal and up the west coast.
 "We didn't have any real trouble on the trip" said Christ ianson, although Riot (the ships dog) fell overheard during a blow near Key West" Still with the ship, Riot became a mother in San Diego and one of her five pups - name of "MainS'l" - will go on to Alaska.
 Five crew members footed the bills during the voyage to pay their passage. One is leaving the Tantalus here and will be re- placed by Seattle volunteer for the last lap of the 20,000-mile idyll.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
To Hold Closed Door Questioning
 Of Gen. Macarthur

WASHINGTON, (R) = The 25 senators on the Armed Services and Foreign Relations Committees have decided they won't let any other Congress member sit in to- morrow on their closed door questioning of Gen. Macarthur about his differences with Presi- dent Truman.
 The decision, disclosed today, appeared certain to add more heat to the whole controversy boiling on Capitol Hill over the firing of MacArthur from his Far Eastern commands.
 Even before it became known, House Republican leader Martin, protesting against closed door hearings by the Senate commit tees, demanded that similar House groups conduct public airing of the matter.
 Martin made public a letter to Chairman Vinson of the House Armed Services Committee and Chairman Keen of the House For eign Affairs Committee in which he said:
 These are no ordinary times, and this is no ordinary inquiry
 Some Republicans are arguing that too much secrecy in the for eign policy field has led to mis- takes.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
.U. s. Casualties
 In Korea War Reach 62,799

WASHINGTON, P = Amour -ed American casualties in Korea reached 62,799 today, an increase of 1,O55 in week.
 The total includes 9,603 killed, 42,246 wounded and 10,950 miss ing in action. It covers combat casualties reported to the next of kin through last Friday.
 Of the wounded, LILO have since died and 100 of the missing are known dead, raising the total of combat deaths to 10,813.
 The missing total also included 1,166 who have since returned to U. S. Military Control and 113 known prisoners of war, leaving 9,571 currently missing.
 Army casualties reached 52,305, an increase of SIS over last week.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
Senate Approves Special Alaska CD Program

WASHINGTON, (P)-A special civil defense program for Alaska was approved today by the Sen ate Armed Services Committee.
 Senator Hunt, who is floor man. ager for the legislation said ii would permit the federal gov ernment to put up "three or four dollars to every one put up by Alaska for civil defense"
 Previously Alaska and other territories were required to match federal funds on a dollar for dollar basis.
 Alaska presents many peculiar problems for civil defense in ad- dition to being nearest ,Russia,' '' Hunt said. There ere great dis tances between its communities and most transportation must be by air in emergencies. =.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
Dr. Mary Sloop, Y. Named American Mother of Year

NEW YORK, (P-A 77-year- old doctor-known as the Grand Lady of the Blue Ridge" = has been selected as the American Mother of 1851"
 Dr. Mary T. Martin Sloop of Crossnore, s. C., was named for the honor yesterday by the Amer ican Mothers Committee of the Golden Rule Foundation, an or ganization devoted to the welfare of mothers and children.
 She practices medicine with her country doctor husband, Dr. Flu stace H. Sloop. Their two children also are doctors in the same county. 4a.
 She founded Crossnore School for underprivileged children and has been credited with bringing good roads, modern farming methods, religious tolerance, a hospital and dental clinic, and vo- cational instruction to Aver County, N. C.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
Crime Investigating Committee
 Accuses O'Dwyer Contributing
 Growth of Crime New York City

WASHINGTON, (P) - Senate crime investigators today accused Ambassador William O'Dwyer of contributing to the growth of or ganized crime in New York City, where they said underworld king pin Frank Costello is a power in Democratic politics.
 O'Dwyer was New York mayor from 1946 until last fall when President Truman ap- pointed him ambassador to Mex ico. From 194O to 1922 O'Dwyer was district attorney of Kings County Brooklyn).
 Referring to O'Dwyer's tenure both as mayor and district attor- ney, the Crime Committee had this to say in lengthy and hard hitting report on it's year-long probe of gangsteriSm:
 Neither he nor his appointees took any effective action against the top echelonS of the gambling, narcotics, waterfront, murder or book-making rackets. In fact, his actions impeded promising in- veStigations of such racketS.'
 The crime probers, headed by Senator Kefauver, also said ODwyer had named to high pub lie office friends of Costello and Joe Adonis another big-time rack eteer and gambler.
 The Senators devoted 35 pages of the 195-page report to their New York City investigation, where O'Dwyer and Costello were the major witnesses at hearings viewed on television by upwards of 20,00O,000 persons.
 The report, rushed to compile ton late last night, also asked Congress for batch of laws aimed at throttling the nations big crime and gambling syndi- cates by cutting the profits out from under them.
 With a reminder that money is the key to power in the under world" the committee also called
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
Two Men Killed
 In Truck Accident On Glenn Highway

ANCHORAGE, R- Two men were killed last night when an Alaska Transport truck left the Glenn Highway near Mile ITO northeast of here.
 The Alaska Highway Patrol identified the victims as Chester Sprout, the driver, and Donald Nelson, passenger.
 Sprout and Nelson, a driver for Tabor Lines, were enroute to a stalled truck to switch loads, the highway patrol reported.
 Alaska Transport is a Montana trucking firm.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
Air Force Man Killed In Fairbanks Taxi Accident

FAIRBANKS, (P) - An Air Force enlisted man was killed yesterday when a taxicab careen- ed off the Alaska Highway six miles south of here.
 He was identified as Pvt. John l.. McKeone of Eielson Air Force Base.
 Police said McKeone driver of the cab, was thrown from the vehicle when 1t left the road.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
First Phase Of
 Red Drive Ends
 In U. N. Victory

UNDATED, (R = The U. s. ground commander in Korea, It. Gen. James A. Van Fleet, said today the vaunted Red Chinese spring offensive has fizzled for the time being.
 After a visit to 10th Corps ad- vance headquarters, Van Fleet de- clared that the first phase of the Red drive has ended in a great victory for the United Nations" He added:
 "We have punished the Com munist forces severely. The en- emy has failed in the first phase of his spring offensive. He has paid a heavy price. After their nine-day push the Reds have now run out of steam" They appear to be probing and preparing for another onslaught, when their supplies and fresh troops catch up. Red casualties so far in their spring offensive are we'll above 75,0OO. Manpower is one thing they have in plenty. . Van Fleet made it clear he didn't consider that the Chinese had ended their offensive; he said a new Communist assault is in the making.
 Communist plans to dry up the Pukhan and Han Rivers before sending their war machines roll ing again were thwarted by sky raiders from the carrier Prince ton. U. s. pilots using skip-bombs blasted holes in the giant Hwa- chon dam. Torrents of water spilled into rivers of the invasion area.
 The Reds yesterday closed the Slulce gates of the dam hoping to dry up the rivers and make them easy to ford. Now the Communists will have to build bridges to cross the rivers. Their engineers and supply lines are slow. All the time they will be subject to re- lentless attacks from Allied war planes.
 Yesterday the Reds lesSened their pressure on Seoul, the an cient Korean capital being de- tended by ring of Allied steel. Today the enemy was still out of contact with Allied forces and there was signs the Communists have shifted their weight from west to central fronts.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
House Refuses Allow Unloading of Explosives At Seward, Alaska

WASHINGTON, (P - Tn e House Merchant Marine subcom- mittee refused. yesterday to au- thorize a relaxation of Coast Guard safety restrictions which prohibit the unloading of explo- sives at Seward, Alaska.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02
Crime Report To Sell At 40 Cents Per Copy

WASHINGTON, (P) - Copies of the Senate Crime Committees report will be sold to the public at 40 cents each. The government printing office announcement said it is now accepting advance or derS.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02

The relaxation had been re- quested to avoid the long over- land truck haul necessary to reach inland construction and mining sites from Valdez.
The Nome nugget., 1951-05-02

for tougher tax laws and penal ties to trip up gangsters, includ- ing requirements for full records of income and expenses and state mentS of met worth"
Evening star., 1951-11-24
Government Takes
7 Steps 10 Boost
Builders Output
By Robert J. Lewis
Reol Estute Editor Of The Stor

The Government took two steps
this week to liberalize credit for
builders so that housing in critical
defense areas can be speeded up.
The steps included:
/. Easing of terms under which
builders can obtain up to 80 per
cent financing on rental and sales
housing in defense areas.
2. Relaxation of requirements
under which financing institutions
can obtain advance agreement
from the Federal National Mort
gage Association ("Fannie MayO
to buy mortgages from these in
stitutions.
Liberalization of mortgage credit
came in two orders issued by the
Housing and Home Agency.
They had the effect Of clearing
the way for full operation Of the
Defense Housing Acts benefits for
builders in areas designated criti-
cally in need of housing for de-
fense workers and military per-
sonnel.
Status Studied for ID. C.
The Washington area is now
under study for possible designa-
ton as a critical housing area.
The builders credit picture was
eased principally by the following
changes:
The period during which pro-
grammed housing built in defense
Continued on Page B-6, Col. ~