davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-04-20

Insurance.: A krueger, -.
Roman and E. Love.
Welfare: HI. Halstead, B..
Antrim, A. Zigray and c.
Parker.
Entertainment: r. Tomecek,
S. Rhodey, B. Wretschko and d.
Mcdonald. Education: E. Roman,
J. Mylek, A. Kruger, J. Rable
and B. Sizemore.
TIUC: c. Num-, r. O'Dell, J.
McCune, b. Sizemore, B. An
trim, r. Sparagowski, J. Rob-
erts, J. Betz, p. Zvara, ]. Rock,
e. Evans, J. Rable, J. Steffes, S.
Durczynski, H. Richmond, S.
Slandzicki, r. Zaborowski, ].
KOpaniasz, A. Kruger, Z. Love,
E. Roman, J. Lubinski, J. Re
ward, T. Szymczak, H. Hasten,
p. Dreisbaugh and M. Turney.
Recreation: ]. Gulvas, M
Recent, N. Turney and G.
Dybza.
Still to be named are the
Building and PAC committees.
= r
The 1ong-awaited First and
Final Inspection bonus began
its trial ruin April Z. Approval
of the Wage Sterilization Board
in Washington will have to come
first, though, before Inspectors
pocket any extra cash under the
plan. Let's hope this approval
comes fast for the good Of oul
Brothers and Sisters IN these
departments.
Sincere condolences to TIT
families Of two members who
passed away recently - Brother
j. Walters, Tool Crib; and Bro
ther c. johnson, Die Room.
4
THREE BOWLING leagues
have completed season play,
and three others will wind
up soon. The Monday day,
Mixed and Girls groups have
thrown their last strikes-and
gutter balls-for 1950-51.
Millers closed with IL
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-04-20
Check Your
|SocioI Security
Advised Here

Are you failing TO collect old
age and survivors insurance ben
efits you are eligible for under
the new Social Security Act?
Wayne w. Putnam, manager
Of the Toledo social security Of
flee warned today that people
made eligible for benefits on last
September / by the new social
security law must claim them
by March 81 If they are TO the
full amount payable.
The new law makes 1t possible
to honor many claims that had
to be disallowed before. How
ever, those affected must file
new claims at his office before
any payments can be made.
Back benefits can be paid
for only the six months before
the month of application" Mr..
Putnam explained, "and people
who were made eligible in Sep
tember but who haven't been in
touch with us since then should
inquire promptly at our office
or by mall"
He listed the following classes
as those most likely to be af-
fected:
1. People 65 and over who
have worked after 1896 as much
as a year and half on social
security covered jobs. These can
get benefits if their present earn
ings under social security do not
exceed $50 monthly.
z. People rs and over who
have worked as much as . year
and half on covered jobs since
1896. These can get benefits
though still regularly employed
at any amount of wages.
8. Children under 18 Of Vet
Grams of World War II who died
during the war or since. The
mothers or others having charge
of such children should apply.
4. Children under 18 of q de-
ceased mother who had worked
under social security. Whoever
is in charge of the e hi1d d r n
should apply.
The Toledo office is located al
604 jackson Avenue, and the
staff there will give all neces-
sary information and assistance
in connection with cl j m n 6
benefits.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-04-20

game spread over second place
Colonels In the Monday day
league. Third place went to the
Mud Hens. Bill Sparagowski
won honors in this loop with .
sparkling 174.11 average over
81 games.
In Mixed competition, the Slo
Mo Shuns topped the runner-up
Strikers by seven games. The
Jinx quintet was third. Spara-
gowski was tops in this league,
too, with an even better 1913.
And, as throughout the entire
season, final Girls league stand
ings were as close as the IL
pins. The Lions, Tigers, Indians
and Braves finished in that
order-seven games separating
the entire group. Florence
Rush's 1872 average gave her the
nod over Bernie Hoffman's 131.
y 4
SCRAP SHOTS: Speedy re-
covery wishes to Frank Giza, of
Zinc 1st Inspection, who Is III
at home Congratulations 10
Melvin Balk on the birth of his
first heir, boy :. Wedding
bells will soon be ringing for
two members of the D-J family.
Ed Bissel will be married to
morrow and Marjorie Hessling,
Of the Credit Union staff, IL 20
be married May 5. 1t was nice
TO zee Apprentice Dick Burt
whistle again. Dicks now in the
Army and is stationed at Camp
Breckenridge, Ky. ).
/ 4 y r
Attention all Stewards and
Officers: If you are not receiv-
ing your weekly copy Of the Un-
ion Journal, mailed at home,
please don't despair. We have
forwarded a new list to the edi-
tors and, in a couple weeks,
you should be getting it again.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-04-20
Die Casting News
By KEN KCKERT, ce-DAreetor and Editor
By KEN. kCKERT, Gel

| NM
By KEN. KCKERT cs-Dteeter Editor
CLEVELAND CONVENTION had die casting delegates pres
st representing workers
represented q any OF any
Delegates attended plants Of the Doeh1erJarvis
Company Schultz Casting Cleveland Hardware Tool and
Die Engineering CASTING Gerity Michigan Die Cast
Precision Casting; plants Aluminium
Magnesium Casting Bridgeport Conn., Continental
Die Cast Congress Die Cast AC Spark Plug Dra Division Of
Detroit Harvester; Division General Motors Ford
Motor Company Aviation many others
DIE CASTERS GET~MORE ORGANIZERS. As a result Of
increase Casting Department and
other departments organizers organize the
industry the Competitive Shop De-
paen adopted the Convention the organza
hon of the unorganzed die casting plants emphasized Pes
Convention outlined the gains made
by the Die Casting Department Of the UAWCIO the 1s49
Convention report substantial the Die Cast
Department the number Of die casting plants
lied and the bargaining gains made.
report stated Casting Department Staff
addition organizing casting plants assisted other UAW
CIO Departments and turn assisted by staff members
from those departments
complete report Die Casting Department
Report the President to the 18th Convention of
UAw-C1o.
ALcoA WAGES STILL OPEN Alcoa's Of cents
conditioned it on the Of wages for
Three plants Of Acoa involved in the Cali
fornia; Chicago, Illinois; and Cleveland, Ohio
Negotiations begun under wage reopener provision
IN the contract lo cerass was given in October t Of 1880
voted reject the Copanys offer Strike votes taken in
the California and Chicago plants The Cleveland local authorized
by big majority the taking OF strike vote
leaders together with Jim Miller Fred Bar
beck Peley Edward Richardson and Others who led
the Cleveland local from Mine
Mill Herman former President, in the hospital with
ulcers.
BOB BROWN LEAVES DIE CAST STAFF. Bob resigned o
Chicago after being elected
1859 the staff
Association of Die Casting Workers affiliated
with UAWCO. Before that he the staff Of the Die
Casters He the principal leaders in the leave
dominated Mine Mill and Smeer Workers Be
the staff he President of his local union
time he spent the staff the most
interesting his 1 but that he felt that at this time he could
be useful to the Union in the plant
resignation with great regret most
of work for the die casters and
that he of lot Of assistance to Regional Director
C:reathouse in Chicago"
Ken Eckert stated will missed the Die
Casting good organizer and good friend Our loss
is Local 1O5Os gain"
SPANGLER LOOMS ELECTION LOST. BY a of 73 to
70 the Looms Company of Rockford Illinois defeated
UAWCIO Labor Board election held April 10Th The
the bag On hand they used
with those of their employees whom they could not
time they series of increases from
paid vacations and paid in
leopard had changed its spots that
years failed decent had suddenly
changed There given
history companies shows that the union
second election. Spanger Looms will yet
brought ranks the organized die casting shops
=
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-04-20
NeaU Committees
Named By weep

VICEPRESIDENT Al Kruger has announced the make
up of Union committees for 1951-52. Here
The groups and their members:
Restaurant: B. Terri w. Cinden M Bird, w. Spencer.
E. Chapple, J. Clark, L. Poulos and J. Betz-
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1951-04-20

An accident caused one out Of
every II persons in the United
States to suffer a disabling In
jury in 1850, the National Safety
Council reoprts.
Evening star., 1951-05-06
How 18th Parallel
WAS Selected

Senator Morse.-Now General
nothing has been mentioned in
this hearing to my recollection
about the original steps that were
taken that led to involvement
between us and the North Koreans
and what I have always felt has
been their hackers behind the
scenes, namely, Soviet Russia.
Therefore I ask you would you
make a statement for the record
as to your understanding of how
it came to pass that the 38th
parallel was selected as the divi-
sion line for jurisdiction between
the North Koreans and South
Koreans?
Gen. MacArthur.-Toward the
conclusion of the second world
war, I was directed to put troops
into Korea. I sent the oath Corps
under Gen. Hodge.
Our orders were to land, secure
and proceed north. Simultane-
ously the Soviet forces who were
at that time in alliance with us
were pressing down from the
north; it was a matter of general
coincidence that those two forces
approached contact in the neigh
borhood of the 38th parallel, anc
the 38th parallel as far as I know
was merely selected as a con-
venient means Of delimiting the
activities Of the two forces in.
volved.
Senator MorSe.-Was that point
Evening star., 1951-05-06

tween the 38th parallel and Seoul
was their area of depot.
When they lost that immediate
line. they lost their supplies. They
were not able apparently to de-
stroy them en- masse: so that at
one initial stroke this North
Korean army had a new supply
base in the area between the 38th
Parallel and Seoul, which enabled
them to press south with the full
strength Of their base being i'm
mediately behind them; they nc
longer had to rely upon the lone
distance from the Yalu to get
their supplies down.
Summoned to Conference.
When we intervened, the cir
cumstanceS as far as was con-
cerned were these: was sum-
moned to a telecom conference
from Washington. It was the first
time I had ever in person been
summoned to such a conference.
At that conference I received
the orders initiating our entrance
into Korea. I Immediately few
over. We still had field at Suwon
and I pushed forward from Suwon
to the Han, the outskirts of Seoul;
and at that time it was quite ap-
parent to me that the South
Korean army had been so hard hit
that it was completely disinte-
grated and in full flight.
I felt that the line of the Han
could not be maintained. I felt
that it was entirely problematical
whether we could save any rem
Inants of the South Korean army
or establish any position in Korea
My directives were to establish
a beachhead in the neighborhood
Iof PuSan and to take such steps
as I felt I could within the means
l possessed to support the Korean
government and help maintain the
South Koreans.
I was reminded at the time that
my resource for the time being
was practically limited to what /
had and that I must regard the
security of Japan as a fuudamen-
tai and basic policy.
I threw in troops from the oath
Division by air in the hope of
establishing a loci of resistance
around which I could rally the
'fast retreating South Korean
forces.
1 also hoped by that arrogant
display of strength to fool the
enemy into a belief that I had a
much greater resource at my dis
posal than did.
Evening star., 1951-05-06

Iof demarkation as to military and
civil jurisdiction agreed upon by
the military commanders in the
field and then subsequently af-
f1rmed by their respective gov
|ernments. or was it agreed upon
by their governments in the first
place and then made effective by
an order to the commanders in
the field?
Gen. MacArthur.-As far as our
forces were concerned, my recol-
lection is that we received the
directive from our Government.
What steps our Government may
have taken with other govern
ments along that line I am un-
acquainted with, but there is no
question that as far as the theater
troops were concerned, we re-
ceived the directive.
There was no agreement or con-
tact by us with the local Soviet
commander.
A Military Decision.
Senator Morse.-I have read in
various places at various times,
statements to the effect that the
38th parallel was a division line
in Korea in respect to Jurisdiction
of the United States and the Soviet
Union was a military decision in
the first instance. -.
1t is my understanding that the
commanders in the field were con-
fronted with the military fact that
as our troops moved northward
and the Soviets moved southwark,
they were going to meet.
Gen. MacArthur.-That is cor
rect.
Senator Morse.-And the in
dication was they were going to
meet at about the 38th parallel.
Gen. MacArthur.-That is cor
rect.
Senator Morse.-The participa-
ton Of the Russian forces from
the north was the result of their
carrying out an agreement or
authorization to enter into the
war in Asia consummated at
Yalta, is that your understand
ing?
Gen. MacArthur.-I presume So
sir. Russia declared war. She
moved in, following Yalta. +.
Senator Morse.-As the COM
mander in the Pacific after the
bomb was dropped, did you need
the Russian forces to help you
finish the war?
Gen. Macarthur NO, sir. Their
contribution as far as the deci-
siveness of ending the war was
negligible.
Evening star., 1951-05-06

war will show a more MAGNIFICENT
effort against what should have
been overwhelming odds as those
two divisions displayed.
BY that time the 9th Army com.
mand had moved over under q
very indomitable leader, Gen
Walker. From that time on ]
never had the slightest doubt
about our ability to hold a beach.
head. And on July 19 in the first
communique that I recall I issued
/ predicted that we would not be
driven into the, sea.
We gradually built I'D. But the
campaign you know, and I will
not go into. But those were the
initial features.
Ultimately that took out o1
Japan the three of the four divi.
sions we had.
Jap Reaction Magnificent.
When conceived the idea o1
the Inchon development, in order
ito accumulate the necessary
troops, I have, explained how ]
reorganized the 7th Division
which left Japan without an,
combat troops. The reaction Of
the Japanese was magnificent
They not only morally and spirit.
ually supported everything thai
we did. but all of the incidenta
friction Of democracy. such a.
labor struggles and everything
without any word from me, ceasec
at once. The entire nation spirit.
ually placed itself behind tht
United Nations to do what it coulc
under the restrictions of occupa.
ton and policy directives of tn,
Far Eastern Commission.
Senator MorSe.-General, I thinl
that is another great statemenr
for the record that you have JUS
made
Evening star., 1951-05-06
Discusses Question
IOf War Declaration

Senator Morse . Do yol
agree. General, that we are, ir
fact and in effect, at war ir
Korea?
Gen. MacArthur.-Yes, sir.
Senator Morse.-Do you believe
that we should have declared wal
against the North Koreans OF
against the Communist Chinese?
Gen. MacArthur.-I believe that
we actually practiced war. 1t is
our actual practice of course is
limited (sic).
Senator Morse Is it your
opinion that there should have
been a declaration of war?
Gen. MacArthur.-Of course the
forces on our side that are oper-
|ating in Korea are in accordance
with the mandate of the United
Nations and the action of the
United Nations might well be re-
garded as their declaration of war
The resolution that was passed
by the Security Council and after
wards confirmed I believe by the
General Assembly sometime in
October might well be regarded
as a declaration of war. It GER
tainly was declaration of intent
of the United Nations. I would
say that the. action of the United
Nations amounted to a declaration
of war in Korea at that time. AT
that time of course the only actual
enemy was the North Korean
force.
Senator Morse-Is it your view,
general, that now that we are a
member of the United Nations that
we can become formally involved
in a war without exercising the
constitutional process of a declara-
ton Of war by the Congress?
Gen. MacArthur-We actually
did. Whether that is legal or
constitutional would be quite over
my head.
Senator MorSe-You do not
quarrel with the right or power of
the President of the United States
to make the decision that he made
sending us back into Korea?
Gen. MacArthur-I wouldn't
challenge any action that the
President of the United States
might take, sir.
Senator Morse.-That is under
his power as commander-in-chief
you would assume that he had
the authority to go back into
Korea if he decided that it was
necessary to do so to protect
American lives, interests and
property?
Gen. MacArthur.-I would I'M
hesitatingly obey his orders, as
Evening star., 1951-05-06
General Completes His Testimony With Plea Stop by Communist Aqqso

both sides organized what might
be called light troops. They were
Of the nature of border patrlos. A
little stronger than the normal
constabulary. but not comparable
to troops of the line.
There had been, for over a year
before the actual conflict, a grow
ing degree of irritation on that
border. It had eliminated in iso-
lated small unit attacks, patrol
attacks, by both sides, sometimes
of battalion size, in which those
two forces had pretty carefully
matched themselves, and which
both forces fundamentally real
lied that they were pretty safe
from the other.
But back of that security force
that the North Koreans had along
the 38th Parallel, there was or
ganiZed a new army. There was
organized an army Of a nucleus
of veterans that had been fight
ing for years in Manchuria 70
Mongolia; there were many Ko-
reans; there were men of othei
nationalities, mercenaries, mer-
cenary types of men who made
their living by combat.
That force was carefully organ
lied; that force was carefully
trained and drilled. quite possibly
just north of the Yalu-certainly,
in Manchuria. It was completely
organized by the Soviets with sup
plies.
1t was as smart, as efficient and
as able force as I have ever seen
in the field. That force could not
have been launched on it's combat
mission without the full concur
renee, not only of the North Ko-
rean government but of Red China
and of the Soviet Union.
When it struck, it struck like
a cobra. 1t passed through their
own security forces. AS I recall.
their security forces were organ
lied into what they called four
orlgades. Those brigades, in
strength, were of about the same
as the North Korean division, but
OF different type of organization
They passed through those peo-
pie. The South Koreans were no
match for them at all, and the
disposition by the South Koreans
OF their logistic potential was ex-
traordinarily poor.
They had put their supplies and
equipment close to the 38th Paral-
lei. !hey hadn't developed any
positions in depth. Everything be-
Evening star., 1951-05-06
American Troininq
IOf South Koreans

Senator Morse-General, who
was responsible for building and
training a South Korean army
after the surrender of Japan?
Gen. MacArthur-When it was
decided to train a South Korean
army, it was first a military mis-
sion that was selected. The last
period of the training was under
the control of our State Depart
ment.
When we evacuated the troops
from South Korea, the American
interests there were locally CEN
tered in the American Ambassador
The head of our military mission
was under his general control.
The technical details of training
and so on of course were his own.
MY own command was charged
with the domiciliary arrangements
for that mission. The code of train
ing was that which was prevalent
lin the American Army. The sup
plies that were given and the de-
|gree of equipment of the South
Korean army was a decision made
in Washington.
Senator Morse.-One reads oc-
|casionally,. at least I have in
the past, that the responsibility
for training the South Korean
Army was your responsibility as
commander in the Pacific and as
commander of soap. That is why
I asked the question.
Gen. MacArthur.-Not in the
slightest, Senator. I didn't have
an ounce of responsibility in Korea
after it became a republic except
to make the domiciliary arrange
ments for the mission and to
eyacuate in case of emergency the
American nationals in South
1AOICds
Evening star., 1951-05-06

ished and great ornaments exist
ing in the world of the kind and
character that you and I know
about?
Gen. MacArthur-I believe il
you abolish war, the only arma-
ments you will need will be the
police and constabulary arma-
ments to keep good conduct within
the confines of your own geo.
graphical areas. That would be a
problem entirely different from
the international war.
Senator McMahon-I think
General, that we agree that one
of the causes of war which would
produce that war, which you and
I want to abolish and all decent
men want to abolish, is the arma-
ments that exist in the world
today.
Gen. MacArthur-That is cor
rect.
Evening star., 1951-05-06
THE SUNDAY STAR AIT
Washington, D. C.
SUNDAY MAY G. 1871

at iSsue-he still felt that should
be excluded. I asked him to re-
discuss the matter with Gen. Brad
ley and let us have a report back.
He has promised to do that, and
I think we will, at least, have that
determination by this afternoons
session. -. That is the question
dealing with the sanctuary with
in-Korea.
Senator Bridges.-On the areas
within Korea, the Russians know
it, the Chinese Reds know it, the
North Korean Communists know
it, and most of us knew it before.
I do not see how it can be a
security thing.
Senator Knowland.-And I say
in fairness the Admiral has some
reasons which at least appear to
him to be valid. I believe that he
is doing a very conscientious job
and has cut very little out Of this
record, and certainly, I think
SO far as the committee is con-
cerned, we should reserve judg-
ment until he has talked with
Gen. Bradley again, and then
perhaps we can have discussion
before the committee.
am personally not convinced
by the arguments he made, but
he has some valid arguments.
| Senator Russell.-Well, in ac-
cordance with the procedure that
was announced heretofore. if the
admiral does not get clearance
from the Department of Defense.
the admiral will present his views
to the committee, and the COM
mittee will then take action as
to whether or not that matter
should be released.
The committee will now stand
in recess until 1:20. (Whereupon.
the committee recessed at 12:45, to
lreconvene at 1920.
Evening star., 1951-05-06
Strategy Employed
I'm Korea Fiqhtinq

Senator Morse.-General, what
explanation would you give .
that the South Korean army was
never trained to the high degree
lof efficiency and strength as was
the North Korean army?
Gen. MacArthur-I think that
the explanation is quite clear, if
you understand the basic con-
ditionS that existed in Korea.
There was an occupation by the
Russians of North Korea, and an
occupation by the Allies of South
Korea.
The friction between the two
sections grew, and in order to pre-
serve the geographical limitations,