Evening star., 1951-06-07
Secretary Denies
YaIia Pact Caused
Chinese Collapse

Senate committee Investigating
Far Eastern policy:
Senator McMahon--Mr. Secre'
tary, there has been an effort go
ing on for several years to estab
lish what / regard as some fiction
ii history. One of them is TIN
fiction that at Yalta that wa
given to Russia which made ]
possible for the Chinese Commu'
i1ists to have q victory in China
&. Will you therefore give nal
the principal items which nigh
be termed concessions that wer'
made to Russia at Yalta? -.
Secretary AcheSon-. Th'
provisions of the Yalta agreement
80 far as they affected the Fal
East, were that:
81. The status quo in Outer
Mongolia shall be preserved;
80. The former rights of Russis
viDlated by the treacherous at
tack of Japan in 1904 shall be
restored, viz:
RAJ The southern part of SAX
halin as well as all the islands
adjacent to it shall be returned
to the Soviet Union.
"(b) The commercial port OF
Dairen shall be internationalized
the pre-eminent interests Of the
Soviet Union in this port being
safeguarded and the lease OF Port
Arthur as a naval base OF the
U. s. S. r. restored.
"(c) The Chinese Eastern Rail-
road and the South Manchurian
Railroad which provides an out
let to Dairen shall be jointly op-
Grated by the establishment of q
joint Soviet Chinese company, il
being understood that the pre-
eminent interests of the Soviet
Union shall be safeguarded anc
that China shall retain full
sovereignty in Manchuria;
"3. The Kurile islands shall be
handed over to the Soviet Union.
Then it goes on to say: 1T is
understood that the agreement
concerning Outer Mongolia ane
the ports and railroads referred
to above will require concurrence
of Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek
The President will take measure:
in order to obtain this concurrence
on advice from Marshal Stain.
s'The heads of the three great
powers have agreed that these
claims of the Soviet Union shall
be unquestionably fulfilled aftel
Japan has been defeated.
For its part the Soviet Unior
expresses its readiness to conclude
with the National government Of
China a pact of friendship ano
alliance between the U. s. S. r
and China in order to render as
sistanee to China with its armed
forces for the purpose of liber'
ating China from the Japanese
yoke"
Denies Impact on Chang.
Senator McMahon-Mr. Secre'
tary, neither you nor I are mill
tary strategists, but have you eve
heard or have you ever been tolt
of any military connection be
tween the defeat Of Chang Kai
shek and those concessions tina
were made to the Soviet Unloi
at Yalta?
Secretary Acheson-No, Sena
tor Mcmahon, think there wa
none.
(Senator Mcmahon read int
the record a speech by Senate
Wiley in the Senate, July 25
1945, in which the Wisconsin Re
publican demanded the immediate
entry Of Russia into the Japanes
war and expressed the opinion
that the Soviet should carry it
share of the load in the Far East
CThe Connecticut Democra
then started to read into the rec
ord a statement on the Chimes
situation presented by Maj. Ger
David j. Barr before the Senat
Foreign Relations Committee il
March, 194S. This provoked
hurry of Republican objection
and a long and involved colloqu
with the chairman before Sena
tor Russell ruled that the secre
document could be admitted, sub
.ject to deletion by the censor
any security was involved,)
Senator Mcmahon M
Secretary. as I recall it, Ger
Barr came to the committee an
reported that many pages coul
be written covering the reason
for the failure of Chinese Nation
alist strategy.
Reads Bars Statement.
He stated as follows:
st prepared this statement ju'
with an idea of being able
quickly give you a background o
why I think that the Nationalist
have failed, or certainly are at tn
point of failure, in China.
Many pages could be write
covering the reasons for the fai
ure of Nationalist strategy. ! bt
lieve that the Government con
mitted its first politico-milital
blunder when it concentrated i
efforts after VJ-Day on the pur'
ly military reoccupation of tt
former Japanese areas, giving Ii
tie consideration to long-estal
liShed regional sentiments or
creation of efficient local admir-
istrations which could attract Wit
popular support in the liberatt
areas.
Moreover, the Nationalist arm
was burdened with an unSoul
strategy which was conceived
a politically influenced and M
itarily inept high command. L
stead of being content with CO,
solidating North China, the arm
was given the concurrent mi
sion Of seizing control of Ma
churia, q task beyond its logis-
capabilities.
The government, attempting
a. L. 4. - g..