The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1951-04-05


ware, which continued until the
United States became Independent,
though, after 1902, Pennsylvania and
Delaware were distinct provinces,
each with its own legislature.
In the south came the Carolinas.
To North Carolina came many who
pressed through the wilderness from
Virginia. A large number of Huge
nots came, driven from France, and
later a still larger number of Ger
mans. Two dreadful years of war
put down the Tuscarora Indians. La
ter great numbers of Scotch-Irish
came, and after 1745 there came
many Scotch Highlanders. North
Carolina was almost entirely pop
ulation of small farmers. Much to-
bacco was raised, and the splendid
forests of yellow pine yielded lum-
Der, tar and turpentine.
South Carolina was inhabited by
much the same races as North Caro-
lima, though in different proportions,
and the South Carolina planters
grew rich by cultivating rice and
indigo on large estates. All labor
was performed by negro slaves. AS
a rule the rich planters had COM
Portable and handsome homes, and
life in Charleston was quite gay.
The early history of Georgia is
the story of q brave English Soldier,
James Ogelthorpe, who obtained
from George II grant of land Gin
trust for the poor" and who estab-
lished the land amidst war with the
Spaniards.
Thus the thirteen English colonies
came to be planted in North Amer
lea. The next years saw the struggle
of the French with the English for
supremacy, and how, at length, the
English Colonists, aided by troops
from England, were completely vic
torious and took away from France
all her possessions in America.
And then came restrictions to the
colonists from England, came taxa
ton without representation, came
Benjamin Franklin with a plan for
Union, came Samuel Adams, came
Patrick Henry against the opposition
to mobilize with his still-ringing
speech:
What is it that gentlemen
wish? What would they have?
Is life so dear or peace SO sweet
as to be purchased at the price
of chains and slavery? Forbid
it, Almighty God | know not
what course others may take but
as for me, give me liberty or
give me DEATH"
and then came the great Declara-
ton of Independence, came the hard
struggle for independence, came
George Washington, came Valley
Forge, came Yorktown when Lord
CORVALLIS, surrounded by the army
of Washington in front of Yorktown
| Cwith many French soldiers), and
closed in from behind by the great
French Fleet, surrendered, to bring
peace, but peace that was far from
bringing safety and contentment to
the United States.
For to build the nation there was
much to do, and the next years
were to see ''The Critical Period"
''The Period of Darkness" "The
Westward Expansion" Slavery and
Secession" to bring us Abraham
Lincoln with the pronouncement
guaranteeing that the re-establish-
ment of the authority of the United
States Government would witness
the final abolition of slavery, and
that government of the people,
by the people, for the people,
shall not perish from the EARTH
A cruel Civil War was fought to
preserve the Union.
EntWined with all of this history
was great chronological achievement
and progress. In 1907 Robert Full
tons steamboat, the Clermont, the
first successful steam boat, began
running up and down the Hudson
River. In 1888 Steamships began
making regular trips across the At
lantic. The steam railroads came
into being. In 1880 there were %
miles of railroad in the United
States; by 1910 there were 2818
miles, and for the next 20 years the
figures doubled every five years. The
Mccormick reaper was invented in
1881; the steam hammer in 1888, and
in 1886 the Patent Office had so much
work to do that it was made dis
tinct bureau of our government.
One of the earliest patents was
issued to Thomas Davenport of Bran
don, Vermont. It was Patent No. 1872
M,