davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-08-16
Citizen Staff Photo

The darker green new leaves con-
trast with the older light leaves.
Mrs Thurston said that her
husband is gardener for a
housing project in Poinciana.
His love for growing things is
shown in the magnificent array
Of tropical plants and trees in his
yard
Single white olcandcr trees.
and pink ones, crotons, and
bauana trees are lovingly planted
Ia the yard. Soursop. bougain-
villsea, fIg trees and others grow
in the carefully tended soil,
Mrs. TAurston said that they
have never tried roasting the
beans
I'VE jast let them drop to the
ground, and more coffee trees
grow up, She said pointing TO
the low bushes.
We gave our neighbor bean
10 plant--and look at her tree
now
The neighbod Mrs Adranna
Bennett, I'll Olivia street, also
has six foot high coffee tree.
1t too was blooming with beans
and the red coffee flower.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-08-16
Medieval
Construction
Cimmick Revived

PHILADELPHIA - Up - A
construction method once used
by builders of Elrope's Gothic
cathedrals has been resurrected
for a huge bakery and grocery
warehouse here. 1t consists OF
pre-stressing foundation soils by
loading them with weights equi-
valent TO those which the build
ing win place upon them. After
the soil has settled, the weight is
removed and construction goes
forward.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-08-16
Rare Coffee
Tree Grows
In Key West
q Tree l. Grown
BY The TllursIons
At 2IT Olivia Street.

q coffee tree, rare IN these
parts, grows in the yard of MIR
and Mrs. Otis r, Thur5lon, III
Olivia street
Planted four years ago by
Thurston, the tree grew from d
bean that he dropped casually
amidst the profusion of other
tropical plants in his yard
Today the green coffee bean,
and the red blossoms grow out Of
the more than six foot high tree.
ia barracks II the Naval Air
Station. All their activities viii
he supervised by both the Navy
and the Scout leaders,
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-08-16

fevr-one of the main sources Of
heart disease among teen-agers.
The doctors, five Of whom arc
Air Force officers, sain penicillin.
if used at the sore throat stage.
apparently goes long way tow
ard prevention Of rheumatic few
err Reporting in q recent issue
Of the Aemrican journal Of Me
dicine, they said Air Force men
Who developed streptococcus
threat injections at the Francis
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-08-16
King And His Cuesl
Official U. S. Navy Photo

&. Warren Air Force Base. Wyo.
ming. were divided into two
groups.
If your serial number ended ID
an even number. you got peni-
cillin. If II ended in an odd num-
Der. you didn't,
All were cured of their strep-
toccus infections, the doctors r.
ported, but the odd-numbcred
men developed rheumatic fever
SYMPTOMS IA times Is often IS the
even-nnmbered ones.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-08-16
Amateur
Professional

MIAAfI.--(Pl-Two years ago
Theodosia La Barbera. Miami
housewife. enrolled in a creative
writing class at the local Y. w. C..
A. Within a year she had won a
$1,000 prize in radio play con-
test: since then she has won $3.50
on another radio play.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-08-16
Find Penicillin
Helps Prevent
Rheumatic Fever

NEW YORK Seven doc
tors have announced q way ID
keep 'strep throat infections
from developing into rheumatic
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-08-16

France began its conquest of
Cochin China in 1861.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-08-16

The attorney general was moi
member of the Presidents cab
met until 1914.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1951-08-16
Hooks A Husband

CRAB ORCHARD LAKE, IL
linois-tP9-Leroy Walker oi
Murphysboro. H., taught his
wife casting and she made a i60
pound catch. Twas Leroy.
Twice in her first six casts
Mrs. Walker took her husbands
cap off. Her seventh hooked
Walker in the neck. He pushed
the hook through. exposed the
barb and clipped il to pull il
free.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

CGmQUeO TO SOlVG LllG lltllliCuldUC
problem of feeding ind resettling
these refugees. but little in the
way of permanent solution ap-
peared until the International
Refugee Organization was created
by the United Nations.
The IRO constitution was
adopted by the U. N. in Deem
Der, 1916. It was almost two
years, however. before IS nations
had ratified the constitution,
bringing it into force. Three more
ratified it subsequently. The 10
members of the IRO are Australia,
Belgium, Canada. China, Den
mark, Dominican Re public.
France, Guatemala. Iceland, Italy,
Luxembourg, the Netherlands,
New Zealand, Norway, Switzer-
land, United Kingdom, United
States and Venezuela.
During the two-year period be-
fore IRO officially began to func-
ton the responsibility for refugee
work fell to a preparatory COM
mission. 1t got under way the
task of maintaining displaced
persons. aiding in their repatria-
ton and resettlement. and ar
ranging to improve their legal
status.
The total of refugees and dis
placed persons for whom the IRO
took responsibility when it begun
to function was IL million who
had registered with 1t. These were
located for the most part in Ger
many, especially the American
zone, but others were being cared
for in Austria, Italy, France. Bel
GUM, Greece and Turkey. There
were nearly $4,000 in Shanghai.
IRO originally was scheduled to
pass out of existence last year,
but two extensions keep it func-
tioning until next September 80.
It's place is being taken by a
U. N. high commissioner for
refugees. G. j. van Heuven
Goedhart, a Dutch diplomat, was
appointed to the position and al
ready is functioning in that ca
pacity, on the basis of statute
adopted last December Ivy the
General Assembly.
Lose Nationality
Under the IRO nearly / million
persons have been resettled, given
permanent homes and livelihood
and removed from the rolls OF the
refugees. Many Jewish refugees
have gone to Israel, which has
opened it's doors to all homeless
Jews throughout the world. Hun
dreds of thousands have gone to
Australia, the United States,
Canada and the United King
dom. while others have emigrated
to Venezula. Brazil, Chile, the
Netherlands, Belgium and France.
The U. N. high commissioner
takes over the problem. then, with
only about 100000 persons now
listed as the responsibility of the
IRO. OF this number about 200,-
900 have been more or less perma-
nently established in the coun-
tries where they found sanctuary
and are to greater or less degree
disappearing. They are not a
maintenance burden on the IRO.
The 100000 others are still in
digent and require IRO support.
What all 100000 have in COM
mon, however, is statelessness. Be-
ginning as displaced persons
they subsequently became refugees
by the fact that they are in con-
f1ict. with their own governments
and refused to return home.
Thereby they lost their original
nationality without acquiring that
of the country in which they re-
side.
The stateless character OF these
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
By Creston B. Mullins

persons deprives them of many
rights in Europe which are not
denied to aliens within the United
States. The right to work. the
right to marry, social security. the
right of legal equality with the
citizens of the country Of resi-
dence. the inability to get identifl-
cation and travel documents
these and many more are involved
in the statelessness of refugees.
It is this legal protection which
the u. N. high commissioner is
expected to provide. He will not,
however, be able to give ma
terial assistance for the refugees
within the 100000 annual budget
for this office.
Still pending is a U.N.-spon-
sored convention which would ia
cilitate naturalization of refugees
in the states of their residence,
and would work to eliminate state
lessness, not only as it exists to-
day, but as it may develop in the
| future.
Such is the manner in which the
problem of World War II dis
placed persons-now stateleSs-is
being solved. But the 100000
stateless refugees are only small
part of the 3 million or more per-
sons who are subject to some U. N.
assistance.
It Is clear that the IRO was
never intended to handle the
whole field of refugees. but was
limited to disposition of that group
| of DPS who grew out Of World
War II.
One criterion Of eligibility for
IRO assistance has been whether
| the refugee or displaced person
possessed the rights and obligations
of the country of residence. that
| is, whether his own country could
be held responsible for his well
fare.
This is the standard which
! makes the million German ref
ugees and displaced persons in the
Western occupation zones the re-
sponsibility of the Bonn govern
ment, and not the United Nations.
The U. N. has stood ready. where
requested, to step in and assist in
the handling of national refugee
problems, but the Bonn govern
ment and the occupying powers
have made no request for U. N.
assistance in the care of the 9
million German refugees.
These Germans, who have pour
ed into the Western occupation
zones and still pour in from the
Eastern zone of Germany, are a
social and economic problem for
the Western German government,
but their integration with the
Western Germans is proceeding
rapidly. They may soon pass out
of the status of refugees and be
regarded simply as Western Ger
mans.
Home Country Responsible
Although the United Nations
has assumed no responsibility for
these persons. it has made itself
responsible-aside from the 1RO-
for 100000 Arab refugees in Pal
estine and 2 million Koreans who
have fed from their homes as the
tide of war swept up and down
the peninsula.
The Arab refugees are those
whose families have lived for CEN
turtles in Palestine and who sought
refuge with Hashemite Jordan or
with Egypt as the Jewish army
| fought to win the territory out Of
which the state of Israel was
created. Fleeing before military
operations, they have become the
charges of IsraePs neighbors.
rr1,1xy ava or,Nyn fla 1r,Nr1I'cs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Millions Uprooted by War Still Seek Sanctuary

". N. mas TAKEN COgulZdIlC6 OIL tIlc
fact in the creation Of the United
Nations Relief and Works Agency
for Palestine Refugees in the Near
East. The emphasis Of this Or
ganization Is on re-establishment
in new homes with the develop
ment Of new economic base
farms and small industries-for
the Arab refugees. The initial
program of straight relief and
direct support of these families Is
being abandoned in favor Of as
sistance in self-support.
The United Nations has created
a similar organization-the U. N.
Korea Reconstruction Agency,
which is preparing to take over
the task of providing for the Ko-
rean refugees. AT present this
responsibility is one for Gen. Mac
Arthur's unified command. j.
Donald Kingsley is agent general
designate as head of this agency.
In both Palestine and Korea the
U. N. acquired an obligation to
care for the refugees, not by
specific request from those gov
ernments, but because the armed
conflicts which created the refu-
gees occurred in the midst of U. N.
efforts to settle political conflicts.
The money for these agencies is
now being collected-$250 million
for Korea and $50 million for the
Palestine Arabs. The State De-
partment appropriations bill now
before Congress includes provi-
sion for American donation of APP
proximately half of each of these
funds.
Obligation on u. n.
Elsewhere in Asia a vast move
ment of populations is going on
between Pakistan and India, in
volving already IS million or
more persons, who are strictly
political refugees in that they are
migrating from a country which
they consider hostile and seeking
new homes in the country of their
own religion.
Growing out Of partition of the
densely populated subcontinent of
Asia. this movement across the
borders has taken 7. million In
dams from Pakistan and 6 million
Pakistanis from India. Resettle-
ment of these refugees, establish
ing them in new lives in which
they can be self-supporting, is a
tremendous task for both the New
Delhi and Karachi governments.
But they are handling it alone,
and without request for help from
the IRO or other U. N. agencies.
Much smaller in numbers in
volved. but brutal In its Grass dis
regard for human rights, is the
Red Bulgarian program of ex-
pulsion of 100000 racial Turks.
Turkey and Bulgaria signed an
immigration convention October
Is, 1925, which established the
rights of Turks in Bulgaria and
Bulgarians in Turkey to emigrate,
taking with them their movable
property and their livestock, after
liquidating their real estate.
Last August Bulgaria notified
the Ankara government that ESQ.,
900 of the Turkish minority ode
sired" to return to Turkey. Depor-
tation began and nearly 10000
have been repatriated to date,
after confiscation of their proper
ties and cash. .
The largest body of refugees,
perhaps, is in China, but exactly
how many there are, what their
condition is and what is being
done for them are unanswerable
questions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Circumstances of Butler
Challenge New to Senate
Others Have Had Their Seats Contested,
But Not on Charges Of Campaign Libel
By Gould Lincoln

Some Senators defeated die in office few resign
oused office subcommittee of the Senate
Rules present holding the election
Marshall Butler the first Republican
upper Maryland
Senator Willard Tdngs Democrat who defeated by Butler
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Soviet-StyIe Loyalty Test
|sAppIied to East Germans
individual Examinations Being Given to
Million and Half Russiun Zone Occupants
By Edword Cronkshow

LoNDON-One q half million Germans in the Eastern
Socialist Unity Party to b
individually establish their loyalty to the Krenin
This that and
is expected to last six months.
Besides furnishing written accounts of his whole life
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Reason for Expulsion

Most interesting of all is a pas
sage which completely skaters
the carefully fostered illusion that
the members of the SEQ have
been a unified body devoted to
the Communist cause. This is the
general instruction for the expul-
sion of all enemies of the party.
For these members of the par
ty who are past redemption, who
maintain connections with the
Schumacher circle in the West, to
disseminate hostile material, who
conduct anti-Soviet propaganda
and VIGOROUSLY oppose the idea
OF a united Marxist-Leninist
Party, there Is no more room in
our party than for the unteach-
able sectarians who obstruct the
development of Marxist-Leninist
strategy and tactics and disasso-
ciate themselves from the National
Front policy. These are to be
expelled.
Former members Of hostile
party groups, who do not acknowl-
edge their previous errors unre-
and in spirit of honor
able self-criticism and who do not
prove their party spirit In their
practical activity, are also enemies
Of the party, even if their adher-
ence to a hostile theology, open
Or concealed. is limited to single
points of detail. These also must
be expelled"
(Copyright, London Observer Foreign
News Serviee.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

been, but that by his origin. his
development, his party loyalty. his
honorable striving. ETC.. he gives
a fair guarantee that, with proper
assistance, he can be turned into
a model comrade, into a 100 per
cent member OF a party of new
type"
It is this provision which has
thrown the loyal Communists Of
long standing into turmoil and
may yet split the SEQ from top
to bottom. And it Is the key to
the whole operation. AS in Rus
STA itself, Moscow prefers the
docile and educable tool to the
convinced and militant revolution
airy, who may have ideas of his
own.
Sample Questions
It is reflected in score of ques-
tons which show that the most
suspect members are those who
have been ardent revolutionaries
in the past. Have the comrades
quite overcome their tendencies
toward social democracy and Sec
tarianism? Do they still keep
I'm old connections?"
Previous members Of Socialist
opposition groups are to be inter-
rogated not only to find out their
past activities, but also to obtain
as much information as possible
about the present composition Of
these groups. ut is desirable to
demand from such members a
public and unequivocal denuncia-
ton of their previous errors. :"
Past Socialists and Communists
arrested by the Nazis are to be
Intercepted closely to see how
they behaved under arrest. The
intelligentsia are to be grilled
much more thoroughly than the
simple comrades" who are to be
treated in a friendly and helpful
manner: "Are there signs Of ma
tionalist feeling or Of hostility
toward the Soviet Union or Po-
land? What is their attitude
toward the fight for peace in
West Germany? :. What do they
do to advertise and popularize the
teachings Of the Soviet scientists?
Do they show the least tendency
toward objectivity? :" And
so on.
In striking contrast is the atti-
tude toward past members Of the
Nazi Party. "It must be borne in
mind that many prisoners of war
from the Soviet Union were once
members of Nazi organizations
and even occupied leading posi-
tons in them. But it must be re-
membered in each case that since
then they have taken an active
part in the fight against fascism
and have proved their change Of
heart by attending anti-Fascist
schools and engaging in active
work"
Evening star., 1951-04-01

landscape with figures. Ogden
Pleissner's Bridge at Montauban"
has the double charm of pictur.
esque subject and superb tech
nique. Joseph Pollet's BLACK
Walnuts' affords a winsome
glimpse of country life.
A surrealistic beginning Of the
race anew is conjured up with
tongue in cheek?) by Zoltan
Sepeshy in New Garden" a
cramped place in what appears
to be a shell crater, in a far
reaching landscape Of similar dis
NAL holes in the earth. Adam is
Imply PROSTATE before a blasted
tree with single apple. but Eve
is facing the future with consid-
cradle vitality.
Two distractions I liked par
ticularly are. "Tree Blooms at
Night" by Morris Kantor and
Mark Sprague's undulant Meas
ured Motion"
Zsissly shows a characteristic
large panorama ''Yaquina Bay,
Oregon" This artist (Malvin
Mari Albright) who it is said
chose the painting name Of
zsissly in order to remain at the
end of all catalogues. has lost his
place to Frances Zurfiich, whose
unobtrusive but engaging "Cot-
tage" on a lake, makes her q
worthy contender for a conspic-
uous position.
Evening star., 1951-04-01
State Of Mississippi Claims
Greatest Number of Authors

I don't know how Texas is 60
ing to take this, but the State OF
Mississippi claims the greatest
number of famous contemporary
authors Of any State in the Union
The Department. of Archives
and History of Mississippi has
drawn up list which establishes
the fact beyond question.
BY way of tangible evidence, the
Mississippi State Society will hold
a reception and bail for it's au-
thors and artists at the Shoreham
on April 81, at which it expects
to display at least Is prominent
writers. r
Mississippians here say you can't
Judge States literary tone by its
literacy rate-Mississippi's is the
third from the bottom in national
reckonings-and point to William
Faulkner, Nobel Prize winner and
also National Book Award winner
as an example of the high-grade
production they foster.
Mr.. Faulkner would, of course,
be the piece de resistance at such
ia banquet, but so far the commit
Evening star., 1951-04-01
Campus Intrigue
4 MATTER OF MORALS

A MATTER OF MORALS
by Joseph Gies (Harper G. Bros,
Ne10 York: $3)
By cospor Names
Here is superficial novel of
political intrigue on a college cam
pus by a writer who apparently
knows his background first hand.
It deals with a college newspaper
and the losing battle it's student
editors wage to keep the publica-
ton independent Of faculty inter-
ference. Secondarily. the story
reveals to what lengths a schem-
ing dean will go to undermine the
university's president in hopes
that he will get the job, and what
compromises a naturally liberal
professor will make to get ahead
accidentally. But the novel does
not create interest because it's
characters are puppets jerked
around by the author, and be-
cause the plot somehow wanders
OF and never returns.
-CAePAR NAfSNES.
Evening star., 1951-04-01
This Quiet Lossie
Was q Storm Center

THE LOVED AND THE LOST
BY Morley Caltaghan. (The
Macmillan Co.; $3.)
Mr.. Callaghan's heroine is one
of those small, quiet girls who Just
happens to be storm center
Peggy Sanderson had a look about
her that made you feel "like the
dew is on the grass" But how
dewy was Peggy when you really
knew her? That was the riddle
that Jim McAlpine unwisely
sought to decipher. A young mar
with q bright future as the boss
son-in-law and a columnist on 8
Montreal paper, Jim thrusts him
self into Peggy's world. Peggy
her childhood love of Negroes un.
abated, hangs around a Negro
cafe. a disturbing. tempting pres.
ence that sets up all sorts of ten
sions in the colored community
and among her friends, too. Peg
gy's fate is only what you woulc
expect from a world that deplores
simplicity and Furnishes those who
love too well.
Mr.. Callaghan's theme is in
teresting, but his handling is very
strained. The dialogue, particu-
larly when the characters recall
their early years, is implausibly
gh-fiown and literary"
MARY MeoRoRY.
Evening star., 1951-04-01
Six Star Stories
|By Noel Coward
STAR QUALITY
BY Noel Coward. Il

Io1AR QUALITY
by Noel Coward. Doubleday 6
Co.; $780,
If there is one thing Noe,
Coward admires it is devotion. u
there is another, it is malice. The
four principal stories in this COL
lection of half a dozen are divided
equally between his two favorite
qualities. With a curious kind OF
|snobbery, Mr.. Coward keeps devo-
ton among the lower classes, NAL
ice among their betters. Plain
people love each other; the smart
set do not. It's as simple as that
When he goes all-out against the
back biters as in the title story
he is hilarious and expert. Here
in he describes the Greek meets
Greek, encounter of an all
conquering star and an irresisti-
BILE producer. with snide side re-
marks by the producers homo
sexual henchman. In "Mr. and
Mrs. Edgehill" he describes the
love of humble couple who live
on a small Pacific island faithful
to the empire and each other
through it all. "A Richer Dust
gives the playwright's jaundiced
views on Hollywood in a story
about a British actor who sits out
the war in his hacienda with his
conscience giving q twinge just
now and again.
Evening star., 1951-04-01

1t is one of those puzzling
things in. America letters that
Ambrose Bierce is remembered Sc
vividly, that interest in him seems
to persist, when more significant
writer's are forgotten. Perhaps il
is because he was of that species
Americans dearly love-a colorful
figure. He was a fighter and a
personality. from the youthful
years when he was a daring Of
ficer in the Civil War to the day
at the end of 1918 when he. van
ished into physical-but not lit
erary-oblivion in Mexico.
HE was not a great literary
figure" Mr.. Fatout concludes,
"as he himself sadly realized, but
he was a great journalist. Even
in Washington, when he was past
his prime, he was a center of at
tention, and he made people read
his columns, whether or not they
wanted to"
His writing comes nearest sur
viving in short stories like "The
Damned Thing" and ''An Occur
renee at Owl Greek Bridge" :"
tales of the fantastic and macabre
which appear in many anthologies.
He was an explosive force in San
Francisco journalism for many
years. 1.-THE Devils Dictionary"
a book of satirical definitions,
shows his savage wit at its best.
This is the fifth 'Bierce biog-
raphy to appear. Perhaps it is the
best. At least it is very well writ
ten and as thorough as any could
be considering the gaps in. the
subjects life due to his extreme
reticence, which probably added to
his charm.
Mr.. Fatout attributes much of
Mai. Bierce's irascibility and