davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-01-06
Truman Visits Gayety
In Surprise Appearance

President Truman made a sur
prise appearance at the Gayety
Theater last night to see apple
of His Eye" the current stage
play there.
The President suddenly de-
cided to. become a theatergoer
only an hour before show time.
He went alone, except for a Secret
Service escort. and occupied a
single seat in the orchestra.
Afterward he visited Actor
Edward Arnold and other men,
bers Of the cast backtage. telling
Mr.. Arnold it was good show" :"
Mr.. Arnold had invited the
President during a visit to the
White House earlier in the day.
"One of the reasons enjoyed
it." Mr.. Truman told the cast,
was because I wasn't part of
the show. 1t was a farm story
that I could enjoy because of my
experience on the farm"
Evening star., 1951-01-06
Soldier Home From Korea
Gets Report He's Missing
BY the Asseeioied Press

ROANOKE, Va, Jan. GA 49,
year-old Roanoke private home
from Korea yesterday read a tele-
gram from the Army Adjutant
General that he has been missing
in action for almost six weeks.
The youthful veteran, Robert
c. johnson. son of Joseph H.
johnson, said he had been home
twice from Valley Forge Army
Hospital, Valley Forge, Pa, since
the date he was supposed to be
missing in action.
This might make a whole los
of parents fell BETTER" he said.
Their sons don't have to be
dead just because they are re-
ported missing"
Pvt. johnson was flown to the
United States about November /
for treatment Of shrapnel wounds
suffered near mchon.
Evening star., 1951-01-06
Gov. Dewey Proposes
sweeping Powers for
State Defense Council
By the Associated Press

ALBANY, N. Y, Jan. 6.-Gov
Dewey will ask the legislature
Monday night to approve creation
OF an all-powerful State Defense
Council to prepare New York fol-
atomic attack.
The bill would give the o.
member council, to be headed by
the Governor, potential power to
supersede State laws and seize
and use private property, con-
script manpower and ration es-
sential goods and services. 1t also
would fix Jail sentences and
fines for persons willfully violat-
ing any regulation or order
decreed under it.
Gov. Dewey's counsel, Lawrence
E. Walsh, said it was "the most
sweeping in the subject matter
covered" of any bill ever offered
to New York's Legislature.
He noted, however, that all of
the powers proposed for the coun-
Gil could be. exercised by the Gov
nor under existing law, in the
event of an emergency or the
threat of an emergency.
This makes it clear" he added.
that we don't have to wait for
a bomb to fall to exercise these
powers"
The council would be similar
to the States 20-member War
Council of World War II, which
expired after hostilities ended.
But the new agency would have
vastly expanded authority.
Mr.. Walsh emphasized that the
measure did not grant powers
that could be construed as mar
tial law and that all of the pow
ers. if used, were subject to court
review. He said the bill would not
touch" the courts or the power of
the Legislature and would main
tain existing civil government.
The bill. entitled the New York
State Defense Emergency Act"
would be effective until July 1,
1852.
Evening star., 1951-01-06
BY the Associated Press

The railway labor agreement
recently worked out at the White
House was stalled today by de-
mands of three union groups for
still better terms.
Ironically, the demands came
on the same day the railroads an
nounced they would seek a 6 per
cent freight rate increase to offset
their wage boost offers and other
increased costs.
The new labor demands were
made yesterday by regional lead
ers Of three of the four major
unions which reached a tentative
agreement with the principal car
riers December 81. Government
mediators said today they hoped
the agreement still may be used
as a basis for a final settlement.
Would Add S400 Million to Income.
Informed sources said the pro-
posed rate increase would add
about $400 million to the rail-
roads anticipated revenues in
1851. D. P. Loomis, chairman of
the carriers negotiating commit
tee, had said at the conclusion of
the White House conferences that
the proposed settlement would cost
the roads $3.50 million annually.
The proposal, accepted by rail-
way and top union officials tax
ing part in the negotiations-and
generally hailed as three-year
peace pact-ran into difficulty
when it was presented to regional
union organizations for approval.
First the engineers, then the
trainmen and the flremen and
enginemen turned the pact down
at meetings of their general
chairmen. The fourth union, the
Order Of Railway Conductors, will
hold its meeting in st. Louis SUM- |
day. 1t too. is expected to reject
the settlement plan.
Talks Arranged With Steelman.
The three-man national media
ton board arranged week k-end
talks with John r. Steelman,
presidential assistant, to discuss
Evening star., 1951-01-06

future moves. Mr.. Steelman
helped work out the original
agreement.
In announcing they would seek
a freight rate increase, traffic of =
f1cials representing railways in
the East, South and West said
petitions would be filed in a few
days with the Interstate Com
merce Commission and State reg
ulatory bodies. N
I'm the event these railroad OPP
Grating expenses should be fur
ther increased. it may be neces-
sary to bring the changed situa-
ton to the attention of the COM
missions in a supplementary pc
tition," the announcement said.
The proposed three-year mora
torium on wage OF rules demands
virtually a no-strike pledge
woulc have given 10000 yard
workers 25-cent hourly wage in
crease and a cost-of- living allow
ance of l cent an hour for each
percentage point rise in the Gov
ernment's price index. All except
2 cents would have been retroac-
tive to October i.
40-Hour Week at Issue.
The 10000 road workers would
have received a 10-cent- hourly
increase, half of it effective Oc-
tober and half on January /.
The yard workers had wanted
a 40-hour week at their present
48 hours pay.
The 40-hour week under the
proposal would have been
held in allegiance for at least a
year, because of defense and mo-
bilization demands on the rail-
roads.
The road workers. not asking
for a 40-hour week. would actu-
ally have received an average pay
increase of 14.6 cents an hour
because of the peculiar overlap
ping Of pay schedules between
their hourly rate and earnings
per trip.
Unions Plan Conference.
Besides dissatisfaction over the
wage arrangements, the unions
Evening star., 1951-01-06
Bird Dog Shoots Hunter

SMYRNA, Tenn, Jan. 6 .(B-
A bird dog shot a hunter near here
yesterday. but the victim was not
seriously hurt. The dog stepped
on the trigger of shotgun while
being helped over a fence, County
Patrolman C.. M. 'Dispayne re-
ported. Noel Coleman, 80. of Nash
vile. was wounded in the right
hand.
Evening star., 1951-01-06

moratorium on wages if the rail-
roads agreed to Accent annual
Improvement" wage increase like
that in the auto industry.
Evening star., 1951-11-11

fringe elements Of the hair-breadth
majority Labor brought to this elec-
ton - the liberal-thinking middle
group, which once had given Labor
the benefit Of the doubt, and now
Withdrew it. That same doubt, be-
slowed on the Conservatives, pro-
duceo for Mr.. Churchill his narrow
majority in the House of Com
mons. He comes into ONCE In this
crisis, therefore, because enough
middle-ground Britishers already
felt they were not getting enough
out of life under the Socialists. The
difficulty of this position, under the
circumstances, is obvious.
Evening star., 1951-11-11
The Only Solution

Britain, then, must consume less
and produce more. There is very
little dispute about this. Some
scaling down of North Atlantic re-
armament plans, to bring them
more nearly in line with economic
realities in the various nations, now
is being forecast. But despite
the loud objections of Aneurln
Bevan and his rebellious left-wing
Labor faction, the leaders Of both
major parties agree that Britain
cannot take this easy way out as
the whole answer to her difficult
ties. They agree that, as of now,
every effort must be made to hold
down home consumption to what
the nation can afford. They agree
that, in the long run, the answer
must lie in an expanded Brit
ish production, which can, meet
Evening star., 1951-11-11

Star Staff Writer Newbold
Noyes, jr., has just returned from
a post-election pisit to London. He
spent week asking questions
about the future OF Britain. Here
is his report:
"HE dust kicked up by the
British election has begun
- to settle, now, and the pros
pect which is emerging is hard
one. Like all campaigns, every
where, the one which preceded the
vote on October Is was a sort of
riotous party in which the elec-
torate was invited to drink deep of
promises that, if they voted wisely,
everything would be lovely. This is
the morning after.
Things are not going to be lovely
for Britons-not for long time
to come. Last week, in House of
Commons, Winston Churchill be-
gan to lay the truth on the line
the. truth which had been so thor
oughly ignored during the wooing
of the voters. The situation he
described could not be blamed on
any political party, nor could any
party solve it by the application
of pat political formulas, social
PHILOSOPHERS or economic theories.
Only the British people could save
the day, and they could do it only
by Tightening their belts. The
realities called inevitably for
lowering of the British standard
of living-for austerity as hard as
anything that had been expert
enced In Britain since the war.
Evening star., 1951-11-11

Tie result has been the red ink In
which her trading accounts now are
being totaled-the national failure
to live within the national income.
To describe what has happened in
these teSms is not to imply that the
rearmament effort is the whole
cause of Britains current economic
troubles. Rearmament Is not, as
the Socialists have claimed, entirely
to blame-any more than the cost
of the new welfare projects Social
lied medicine, and so on was en-
tirely to blame, as the Conservatives
claimed. The obvious fact, how
ever, is that the effort to accomplish
both aims-to gain military and
social security at the same time
was more than the nation could
swing.
Worse Yet to Come
And things are going to get worse
before they get better. Not until
next year is the armament program
scheduled to shift into high gear.
Already, however, the gap between
British production and what the
nation is consuming for armament
building and just plain living is, to
put in mildly, alarming. Two
months ago, Britain and the other
countries of the sterling area were
running up their trading deficit at
O rate of So billion a year
with Britain doing almost all of the
running. The rate may be even
higher today. The situation, basic
ally, is perhaps not as desperate as
these figures make it seem-the
economists think temporary factors
are at work which throw the cur
rent picture out of focus. But, even
before the election campaign, the
Laborite Finance Minister, Hugh
GaltSkell, was talking in terms
which left little doubt that as far
as he was concerned there was no
way OF wiping out "hard-core"
deficit of well over 81 billion year
In terms of things consumed and
things produced, terms which are
not effected by any financial Jug
Cling, no nation can overdraw It's
checkbook at that rate. That, as
Mr.. Churchill said last week, is the
short, steep road to bankruptcy and
ruin.
Evening star., 1951-11-11

restrictive approach. II the laborer
were allowed to keep more of the
fruits Of his labor, he would work
harder. and produce more. The
whole economic system must, SIM
larly, be loosened up and Socialist
fostered "adhesions" broken down.
Incentive must be substituted for
control wherever possible. Business
tax schedules must be revised down.
ward, though an excess profits tax
would be necessary during the re-
armament period.
Companies which expanded their
plants by plowing back profits get
special tax relief.
There were other points in the
Conservative campaign, of course.
They would pull the Common
wealth and Empire closer together,
and develop better relations with
the United States. No more indus
tries would be nationalized, and
they would turn back to private
ownership whatever nationalized
industries could be unscrambled-
steel, that is, and possibly road
transport. Other nationalized in
dustries, like coal and railroads,
would be regionally decentralized
united, as much as possible, from
London's red-tape apron strings.
Nothing on Consumption
But, on the pressing necessity of
cutting British consumption, almost
nothing was said. They did prom
Use to cut out unnecessary" gov
ernment expenditure, to simplify
administration and "prune" waste.
But not for a moment did they
indicate there would be any reduc-
ton in the social services that had
been inaugurated under labor.
Whenever they got explicit, it was
in promising the average man
more than Labor had provided or
could promise-300 900 new houses
a year, for instance, and more food,
the latter to be procured through a
simple application of practical
knowledge and business expert
ence."
This, then, is the legacy with
which the Conservatives emerged
victorious from The campaign. AS
they cast about now for practical
ways of coping with the crisis actu-
ally confronting Britain, they will
get little help from their election
manifesto. Britain may be saved.
But it is not. a return to laissez-
faire economics, and certainly not
a further happy rise in the average
Britisher's standard of living, which
will save her. Quite the contrary.
Evening star., 1951-11-11
DefIotion Need

The crying need is for defiation-
not just monetary deflation, but
the kind that hits people where
they live. The kind that imposes
restrictions on imports and credit
that lets food costs rise while
holding wages down-that cuts
hard into social services-that per-
mits the drafting Of manpower for
essential jobs which otherwise
would go undone-that produces
unemployment-in other words,
Evening star., 1951-11-11

that makes people exist on less,
and work harder while doing so.
Once upon a time, incidentally, the
Laborites themselves tried to in
troduce little unemployment, in
order, as Sir Stafford Cripps deli
cately put it, Ito promote that
greater fexibility which the uncer-
tainties of the situation demand"
They lost their nerve. however.
What Labor did not dare do in
1948, with a parliamentary major
ity OF $50, the Tories now may have
to try with a majority of 16.
AS they approach this necessity,
their campaign promises are not
the only albatros around their
neck. To British workers whose
memories stretch back to the '30s,
the Conservative Party still is the
party of unemployment" and "de-
preston" 1t is a reputation the
Conservatives would like very much
to live down. But this is hardly
their opportunity to do so.
Some Hopeful Elements
There are, of course, some hope
full elements in the situation-fac-
tors which lie outside the imme-
diate domestic picture. The big
gest of these, without doubt, is the
possibility of new American aid.
There Is no question but that the
Churchill government will try, and
soon, to arrange for something
approximating an extension of
Marshall Plan assistance, to carry
some of the rearmament load.
While they may not get what they
want, there also is no question but
that the Churchill government has
more chance with Congress, in this
respect, than a Labor regime would
have had.
There is another factor in the
picture about which not much is
being said these days, but which
should provide some cushioning
against the shocks ahead. Since
the war, British industry has been
steadily setting aside large sums
for capital expansion, investments
which will begin to pay off soon in
valuable additions to the British
power plant This is especially
true in the hydro electric field; and
to some extent in the crucial coal
industry.
These things may help some.
But no one in London seems to
think they can possibly, in them
selves, set things right.
Meanwhile, the Conservatives
have wasted no time in starting to
work their way Off the campaign
hook. Almost from the moment the
new ministers moved into their Of
fees, the Tory press has been harp
ing on how surprised they have been
to discover what a mess things ac-
tuallyaare in. Last weeks debate on
the Speech from the Throne laid
more groundwork for a switch to a
realistic approach. Many Conserva-
tives are saying frankly, assuming
the United States is not going lit
orally to carry it financially for a
couple of years, that the Churchill
government must before long tell
the nation something like this: "The
cupboard is bare. It Is 50 bare that
Evening star., 1951-11-11
Campaign Promises

The election campaign which pro-
duced this result was almost entire
ly divorced from realities. In the
early stages, Labor had little to say.
1t was as if the Socialist leadership
senSed that here was a situation
which actually could not be coped
with in terms of their political phi
losophy. The Conservatives, on the
other hand, had great deal to say,
They kicked of with the general
proposition that Britain's ills were
nothing but the product of Socialist
bumbling. The clammy hand Of
some -blooded planner, they
implied. had kept the spirit of Eng
land submerged for six long years.
They. the Tories, would restore it.
On the vital problem-how to
make Britain produce more and
consume less-they were not too
specific. The production half of
the problem seemed to interest
them most. Indeed, they appeared
at times to be telling the voters that
these twin necessities were, after
all, relative; that the increase in
Britain's production which they
promised to effect would more or
less take care of everything. The
Socialists, they said in effect, had
been unnecessarily absorbed with
the problem of how to divide up the
pie of British production-with try
ing to decide how big slice should
go to export, to rearmament, to
home consumption, to this or that
other interest. The Socialist mis-
take was in thinking in terms of
pie of constant size. The thing to
do, said the Conservatives, was to
increase the size of the pie. Then
everybody could have an adequate
slice Of it.
American Formuio
That, of course, is how the Amer
ican program Of industrial mobili-
zation is supposed to work. The big
difference is that America is rich
country, with plenty to grow on.
Britain is not.
How would the Conservatives make
the pie grow? The answer was not
spelled out in detail. But the Labor
ties, for instance, had wanted to
keep taxes high in order to siphon
out of the wage-earners' pocket ex-
cess change with which he might
compete for goods which otherwise
could be exported. This, the Con-
servatives said, was . negative,
Evening star., 1951-11-11

you will have to release us from the
promises we have made. We can
not, under present circumstances,
do the things We said we were going
to do, and we must do the things
we said we were not going to do.
There Is no other way out"
Evening star., 1951-11-11

home, defense and export needs,
supporting the nation in the style
to which it would like to be &C
customed. They disagree only as to
the proper means of seeking these
desired ends.
For all its concern with the de-
velopment Of the welfare state, the
Labor government did make, by It's
own standards, genuine after pit
to hold down Britain's home con-
sumption. Through the control it
exercised over the foreign purchase
of raw materials and their distri-
button to British industries, it kept
in deliberate check the volume of
imports which did not contribute
directly to rearmament or to ex-
port trade. Meanwhile, British fac
tories were going full blast This
circumstance, as well ss the socialist
philosophy, meant there could be
no unemployment. And the mass of
workers, in the new order of things.
had demands-and money-sucl. as
they had never mad before.
And so, InfIotion
1t all spelled imitation. There were
less goods available for British use
than there would normally have
been, and there were more people
who wanted them. The result was
relentless rise in the cost of living.
The Labor government fought the
rise with the weapons suggested by
its political philosophy: With price
and rent controls, flr instance
with food subsidies, which applied
tax money to reduce the apparent
grocery bill of the individual house.
wife-with rearguard actions de-
signed, at least, to prevent wages
from rising faster than prices. It
was losing battle, all the way.
There is general agreement among
political observers that it was this
failure to cope with the coSt-of-
living problem which, more than
anything else, cost Labor the elec-
tion two weeks ago. There were
other factors, of course There was
the feeling that Clement Attlee and
his men were fumbling somewhat
wearily - particularly in their at
tempts to deal with such politically
unfortunate affairs as the Iranian
and Egyptian crises. But so far as
the man in the street was con-
cerned, the root of his dissatisfac-
ton, If any, was his inability to af-
ford the things to which he felt he
was entitled.
Victory, But no Swing
Again, 1t was the middle group
which was in the tightest squeeze.
In the lower bracket, the industrial
worker and his unskilled allies
might grumble that things were not
progressing fast enough to suit
them. But, they were not hurt badly
enough to lose faith in the party
which has brought them as far as
they had come.
And SO 1t was that the election
found the nation split with fright
ening cleanness along class lines
There was no swing away from La
Dor by the people who had given
socialism It's basic strength. There
was. rather, a melting away Of thu
Evening star., 1951-06-10
Aged at Blue Plains
Twill Be Fefed Today

| Today is annual Sunshine
DAY" for residents Of the Home
flor the Aged and Infirm at Blue
Plains.
Following an annual practice of
26 years, members Of Columbia
Lodge No. IS of colored Elks and
Its women's auxiliary, Columbia
Temple No. 422, will present ice
cream, cake, candy and cigarettes
Ito the residents.
Distribution will be by members
of the nurses unit Of the auxiliary
Ito both white and colored resi-
dents. The Elks Band will provide
music.
Buses are scheduled to leave
from the Elks Home at 301 Rhode
Island avenue NV. at 2::30 pm.
Ito take members of the Elks and
the auxiliary to the home.
Evening star., 1951-06-10
Notice to Water Consumers
In the Washington Suburban Sanitary District

42nch 36nch water pipe line which Washington
Filtration Plant Laurel Wheaton nearing completion
expected to be placed in service August The pumping
and the additional filter unit at Willis School available
service With the placing Of the pipe line in operation there
be ample water for the current needs OF the Sanitary District
The commission requests the cooperation Of its
conservation OF the use of water in the interim until the works
mentioned service While improvements
distribution system and the construction of additional
structures plus the filter unit have materially increased
the available supply Of water last the continued building
development in the this period correpondngy
the demand for water However public
hoped that will necessary water
restrictions this year.
project increasing the supply
District the end but merely
planning to anticipate the needs of the community
its growth but the keeping
the financing of its facilities
present time the Commission has plans nearly completed
impounding the
studying of another supply line and further
improvements
sewerage collection systems
Respectfully,
WASHINGTON SUBURBAN SANITARY COMMISSION.
RAYMOND w. BEILAMY,
Chairman
S.. RAY,
NORMAN AGER,
Commissioners -
Attest:
JAMES B. PARKHILL,
Secretary Treasurer June 5, 1851
Evening star., 1951-06-10

under consideration by the pact
council deputies.
Mediterranean Setup Waits.
The general said the structure
lof the North Atlantic Treaty Or
Iganization command Of the Medi-
Iterranean has not been settled.
ut is complicated because all
LOT the Mediterranean Is not in
|NATO," he explained.
He said he would like to- get
the southern European command
|"started as soon as possible, even
though the question OF the whole
mediterranean might take q little
longer"
The southern command mas
been promised to an Italian gen.
teral.
Gen. Bradley came to Britain
Wednesday after conferences In
Paris with Gen. Eisenhower, su-