davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09

prisals. All heads are importont
figures in the business in which
they are engaged. 1t is the opin-
ion of this writer that they are
realistic and recognize the danger
to our production. economy and
nation when we do not extend
full opportunity to all for gainful
employment at the individuals
highest level Of competence.
Opponents Of FEPC have al
ways attempted to fnghten
American business men with the
cry that such laws interfere with
the natural rights Of industry.
Apparently these topflight Min
nesota business men whose firms
are all nationally known do not
brighten easily for they give un-
qualified approval to the Mime
apolis law which is of the same
general pattern as the law pro-
posed for the state.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09
Hunting Knife Victim
Was Wrong Man Is
Cluim Of Wielder

Timothy Craig. %, 523 18th
Ave. So, who faces second de-
gree assault charge in Hennepin
district court, cut the wrong man,
according to statements he gave
police.
Craig cut Ted r. Hanna in front
of his home Saturday night, Feb.
"a with a hunting knife Hanna
was taken to General hospital and
after stitches were taken in his
body was released.
Craig's story was that two men
had cursed and threatened him In
front of his home. He ran into the
house. got a hunting knife and re-
turned to the sidewalk. He said he
thought Hanna and one other man
were the men who had cursed him.
As Hanna got out Of car. Craig
struck him with the knife.
Hanna and a companion had
parked in front Of Craig,s home
preparatory to going into Psggys
Barbecue at 1229 So. Fifth 81.
Craig said II was . case q I'M
pulave action upon III part md
mistaken identity. ms 60 -
been referred To the prcoafisn o.
dee. He has never hssn h tpumbAe
ana has no PREVIOUS poles reonrd'
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09

drugstore would still not serve
him water in a glass, gave him a
paper cup. Negro schoolchildren
could still get books from the
public library only by sending
their teacher for them. But there
were a few differences. Amid the
shanties of "Niggertown" were
rows of neat new houses which
Negro veterans had built, with
federal aid.
by knowing what rules he had
to obey. Rowan managed to stay
out of trouble. He dressed well in
Tennessee, knowing that good
clothes bring a Negro better
treatment that far north. But
when he got to some Of the small
towns in the Deep South, he
changed to rough clothes. Says
Rowan: II knew If / didn't, they
would think ! was uppity."
He forget himself only once. In
Macon, Ca. unable to buy news
paper in the colored waiting room,
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09

ho crossed over ,o the white side
Ia get one. The agent cursing
ram out TO warn him back and
Rowan returned his curses When
the agent ran 90 the trlophon"
Rowan. fearing that there might
be trouble. fled from town by
taxicab.
Although he found the old
race barriers stun ia existence,
Reporter Rowan also found that
they are being Clipped away on
Atlantic Coast Lines Palmetto,
between Washington and Charles
ton, where five years ago Ensign
Rowan. U.S.NR. had to eat at
curtain-rigged table, Newsman
Rowan ate in an open diner
thanks to the Supreme Court de-
cision outlawing Jim Crow in
dining cars on interstate trains. In
New Orleans, by showing his
Naval Reserve card, he even got
a pullman berth.
often, Southerners. wary of
offending a dark-skinned man
who might turn out to be a United
Nations diplomat, would ask;
Are you colored?' Angrily, Row
an would retort: Can't you see
I'm colored? What you mean is,
am I an American Yes. I am an
American Thus assured, they
would make him keep to the color
line.
But Rowan met white South
erners who were fighting race
bias. An editor told him: White
supremacists are not thinking
people A businessman, whose
parents had taught him race pre-
JUDGE, said: My children won't
be that way
In Kentucky, Rowan found
Negroes attending universities
with whites, and though some
students protested. their profes
sors approved. Concluded Rowan
"A dying generation of the Ole
South will not give segregation
up without bitterness. A mislec
portion Of the new generation
will not relinquish segregation
without a battle But 1t II
evident that soon-very soon -
segregation will vanish"
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09
MRS. FRED WILLIAMS
RETIRES FROM BARBERING
AFTER 20 YEARS SERVICE

After % years in the barber
ing business, Mrs. Fred Williams
retired with regret for her many
satisfied customers.
Mrs. Williams. whose shop was
located at 1924 Rondo Ave,
started in the barber shop bust
ness in 1928.
Her retirement comes because
of other business ventures.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09
William n. Mitchell Dies
A. Veterans Hospital

William n Mitchell, 81. 1917
Washington Ave So, died Friday,
March 2 at Veterans Hospital
Funeral services were held
Tuesday, March 9 at one p. m.
from the Woodland Funeral Home
chapel. Rev. Wendell johnson Of
ficiated. Interment was at Fort
Smelling National cemetery.
Mr.. Mitchell is survived by his
wife, Helen and other relatives
and friends
Woodland Funeral home was in
charge of arrangements.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09
funeral Services For
Henry p. Ross, -,
Held Sufurduy, March ;

Last rites for Henry p. Ross,
500 w. Central Ave, were held
Saturday. March 3, 2 p. m. at the
Camphor Methodist church. Rev.
I. ID. Dorsey officiated. The de-
ceased died Thursday, March /,
at our lady of Good Counsel Home
in st. Paul.
Ross, a native Of Fulton, Mo,
had been a resident of Minnesota
for approximately 40 years.
His immediate survivors are a
wife, Mrs. Grace Ross; two bro
theirs, Charles Ross of Minneapo-
lis and Jasper Ross of Kansas
City. Mo-, several nieces and ne
phews and other relatives.
Neal Funeral home Of Minnea-
polls was in charge of funeral ar
rAngements. The interment was
in Forrest cemetery.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09

whatever ne can best 90, reBdfu-
less OF color or religion"
Successful Experience.-Onan
d. w. Oman, chairman, ID. w.
Oman a. Sons, Inc. asserted. THE
beneficial effect of FEPC legisla-
ton, wisely administered, is to
open more minds TO the point OF
trying an open view, actually
employing members Of minority
groups. Our company has had a
successful experience in doing
that during the past fifteen
years"
Worked Well For Builders
Stuart w. Leck, president OF
James Leck Company. Builders
said. "our established employ
ment policy of hiring solely on the
basis of ability--irrespective OF
color. race or religion--has work.
ed well for us. The Minneapolis
FEPC ordinance has been adj
ministered wisely. thereby help
ing employers to operate success
fully with this American en-
ployment policy
Powers President Says
Dodderick Olson. president,
Powers Dry Goods Co, Inc, had
this to say: "The intelligent adj
ministration Of the FEPC ordin-
ance in Minneapolis has made II
an educational and constructive
influence in the employment situ-
alton in Minneapolis"
Good Legislation Helpful
Lloyd Hale, president. G. II.
Tenant Company, asserted, I'VE
shall be more effective in demon
strating democracy to the Rus
sian people and to others the bet.
ter we practice 1t here. While 1
believe civil rights problems are
solved only through education.
good legislation is helpful IN
speeding up the educational pro-
cess"
Otto Christensen, executive
vice-president of the Minnesota
Employers Assn. claimed at one
meeting of the Legislative COM
mittees conducting hearings on
the state FEPC measure that
some Minneapolis business firms
favored FEPC because they wers
afraid Of reprisals."
Not a single one of the business
leaders above are afraid" OF 70
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09

and reached for a .3s calibrr rec
vulver ln "a bedside table drawer.
Inc accuse" l''Ss .''" "'...''' .
Ties No. peat A.E To ."' -." anu
i'E.' as si'e NI''" I'D "" '''1" ''0
closet Tor PIo1''uo". A'.'-.. i'o7T
A'a'd %. "'s.'I''''" nus WI. .' '
pop D"l.'' VIII" WHICH "''. .'.. .
an"a hlm
After few more minutes of
arguing MIS-. Hogs "''"'".'- I'D
-'. asl.'s.". '1.''I, 1''' .... ..'.,' ''...'
with another oo1ll. an" ran '.-
,..r nls Kathleen pgf her arms
,-,,rE r.r ar.ndrn,trar
H'EE 7a'" MS VIII. '''." ',..',.'
him ana he 7''Pl'' ''.' ''' '''.'' ID.
.''' '','' '.,''
The woman was shot 100 the
right ear right chest and mp.
police later said.
Tho accused stated he artomp-
t.4 grirt5. nv nyttnp the GUN
AGAINST b,s chest and milling the
trigger which clicked harmlessIy
over an empty chamber. After this
Hogg called the police. dressed
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09
kaPPas To Meet With
Regionui Polemoreh
tomorrow, March 10

All members of the Kappa Psi
fraternity will meet Saturday
afternoon. March 10 with their
Regional Polemarch, DR.. f.
Thomas Scales of Des Moines,
Iowa, at Halle Q. Brown settle
ment house. There will also be an
evening meeting at the same
place.
The purpose of the meetings is
to complete their business plans
for the Tri-Regional confab to be
held April 81 and 28th.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09

aru Mills Inc Donald
G Dayton, president and
general manager OF the
Dayton Company. George
NJ Jensen. civic leader
and vcc-presidcul Of
the Maico Co, INC
Bradshaw Mintcncr, vice
president and general
counsel Of PiIlsburv
Mills. p W Oman. chair
man. ID. W Oman and
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09
Yvonne Jones To
Omen Beauty Scion

a new beauty shop called Chez
Paree" salon will open Tuesday,
March 10. Owned and operated by
Yvonne Jones, the salon viii Of
fer complete beauty services by a
professionally trained operator.
The shop is located at 346 f.
3Sth St. Minneapolis.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09

The first degree mauslaughter
trial of James Bruce IS scheduled
TO be heard m criminal district
court before Judge Albin Pear
son. Thursday March - Bruce
rs accused Of the fatal shooting Of
Benjamin Ballard. Is, SIS Ron
do Ave, Feb IS.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09

Advertise services through q
want nd In this paper for re-
suits.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-03-09

Make your needs known
through the wants ads in this
paper.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-07-20
REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS
Nays Head Township

Robert G. Tillett to Cleon C. Til
lett, u acre near Manteo. $500.
Mary c. Caravan to Elizabeth
c. Jessup, l lot on beach, $500.
R. D. Sawyer to Joseph Grgu-
rich, 1 lot, Roanoke Park, $1,000.
Robert G. Tillett to Maloyd G.
Scarborough, / lot near Manteo.
Hatteras Township
Durwood Hardison to the Trus-
tees of the Pentecostal Church, /
lot near Buxton.
Atlantic Township
B. M. Hedrick to George w.
Lundy. 2 lots on beach. $1,000.
E. r. Woodland to E. w. Tate,
land near Kitty Hawk. $4,000.
E. w. Tate to E. r. Woodland,
land near Kitty Hawk. $1,000.
Kitty Hawk Land Co. to w. T.
Phillips, 2 lots, Southern Shores,
$500.
L. N. HoHowell tn v. M. Geddy,
2 lots, Kill Devil Hills, $13.50O.
w. A. Browne to B. M. Hedrick,
2 lots on beach, $500.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-07-20

"Your forefathers their blood have
shed
To hold this sacred soil for you"
The STRIPPING slapped himself and
said,
"Whaddya take this fer-red
dew"
Call us timid breed of outland-
er, if you will-but our first trip
down the new paving to Oregon
Inlet in Sundays drizzle left us
disappearing. Seems to us that the
new b'acktop already suffers from
some of the ailments of old, neg
lected surf acing: chuck holes,
drifting shoulders that narrow the
track enough to make the meeting
of another car a highly interesting
experience. You can get there now,
all right. But if that's what the
highway is to be like, then we aim
to stay off tie road during week
end traffic = therell be more
wrecks, now that it's passable,
than there were when half the trip
was made in low gear. A highway
to the Lower Banks is lne-a good
highway would be ever so much
better.
=
-Four wives divorced you in the
past"
Reared the judge at the cob
bler's trial.
"The shoemaker must stick to his
last
Your ffth's your last by this
denial!"
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-07-20
IT Taxes
ALL KINDS
BY DAVE WEST

"Don't do as do, but do as / say"
A youth was warned by his
teacher;
Then, ogling a lass who passed
that way,
He added, "Avoid that creature!"
Broadcast, wickedest grin in mem
ory appeared on the face of Earl
Green last Friday afternoon, that
cruel-hot day. As we sat in his
shop trying to get up nerve enough
to pour a limeade slowly over our
head, we saw Earl bounce up to
wait on young man and girl at
the soda fountain. After he served
them, Earl remarked with offhand
innocence: "This isn't the fellow
you were in here with last night,
is it, Catherine ?" Then the big
grin exploded.
"Misery loves company" fool has
said.
These tests we'd request nm to
make:
In hospital ward to take bed;
Attend dance with headache.
AS we puttered fruitlessly (prac-
tically vegetablelessly, as far as
that goes) in our garden during
the mosquito-ridden evenings this
year, timely slaps have given US a
new insight into the meaning of
the old orators phrase fought and
bled and died for this land" We
have fought-rabbits, weeds, mo-
squitoes and drought; we have
bled-twice from + b d-wir e
hicks and millions of times from
the thrusts of the aerial swordfsh
that use our neighborhood as their
feeding grounds; our resolution and
the greater part of the garden have
died. -.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-07-20
HELPFUL LIBRARY BOOKS ON
PROBLEMS OF ALCOHOLISM

Of the shelves of books on
special subjects in the Dare County
Library, that dealing with the
problems of alcoholism US one of
the most up-to-date. These are the
best books available on the subject
of alcoholism and the problems of
the habitual drinker. Three recent,
especially valuable and readable
volumes are "Drinking's Not the
Problem" by Charles Clapp, Jr.;
"The Problem Drinker," by Joseph
Hirsh, Executive Director of the
Council on the Problems of Alco-
hol; and Flight from Reality" by
Norman Taylor. Librarians here
report that the books have been
exceedingly helpful to persons
who have made use of them, and
many readers have said that they
felt that the books might bring
great benefits to many other per-
sons if it were widely known that
such books are available in the
county library.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-07-20
TWO PAY TRAFFIC FINES

Two persons submitted to speed
ing charges filed with the Dare
county recorders court this week.
They were Victor Walter Lulloff of
Elizabeth City. who paid fine of
SO and costs for speeding go miles
per hour; and Mary Elizabeth Tis-
dale Of Camden. who paid SIS and
costs after being charged with
driving 45 miles per hour in a 80
mile zone.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-07-20
UNCONVENTIONAL
CALENDAR
Sunday


MT. OLIVET METHODIST
CHURCH of Manteo; Sunday
School, 9:45 am; evening worship,
1880 pm. The Rev. ]. H. Overton,
Jr.
ROANOKE ISLAND BAPTIST
CHURCH: Sunday School, 1000
am; evening worship, 500 pm.
prayer Me citing, 500 pm.
Wednesdays.) The Rev. Frank B.
Dinwiddie.
WAN CHEESE METHODIST
CHURCH: Sunday School, 10 a.
M; morning worship, IL am;
Methodist Young People, 7:15 pm;
evening worship, 500 pm. The
Rev. C. w. Guthrie.
ASSEMBLY OF GOD of Man
teo: Sunday School, 10 am; ev-
ening worship, 1880 pm. (Regu-
lar worship service, Friday, 1880
p.m.) The Rev. D. B. Lawrence.
MANTEO BAPTIST CHURCH.:
Sunday School, 1000 am; morn
ing worship, HOO am; Baptist
Training Union, 700 pm; evening
worship, 500 pm. (Mid-week
prayer service, Wednesday, 500
p.m.) The Rev. H. v. Napier.
Monday
ROTARY CLUB of Manteo: at
Community Building, every Mon
day, $50 pm.
LIONS CLUB of Manteo: at Fl.
Raleigh Hotel, first and third
Mondays, 7:15 pm.
REBEKAHS, Manteo: at Ma
sonic Hall, first and third Mon
days, pm.
MANTEO HOME DEMON
STRATION CLUB: at Commun-
ity Building, second Monday, 2:30
pm.
THETA RHO GIRLS CLUB:
at Masonic Hall, second and
fourth Mondays, 8 pm.
SHRINER'S CLUB: at Man
teo Airport, first Mondays, s pm.
TOWN COMMISSIONERS of
Manteo: Manteo town hall, sec
ond Mondays, a pm.
WESLEYAN GUILD: third
Monday each month in homes of
members, $50 pm.
AMERICAN LEGION AUXIL-
larry: second Monday each
month at the Community Build
ing. 8 pm.
Tuesday
WOMAN'S CLUB of Manteo:
at Community Building, every
second Tuesday. 8:15 pm.
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS:
at Dare County Courthouse, Tues
day after first Monday each
month.
A.B.C. BOARD: at Manteo
store, Tuesday afte- first Mon
day, II am.
BOARD OF EDUCATION,
Dare: Tuesday after first Monday,
quarterly, II am.
MUSIC CLUB (Roanoke Is
land): first Tuesday each month,
$50 pm.
MANTEO P.T.A.: at school
house, second Tuesday each
month, 3:15 pm.
ODDFELLOWS, Virgins Dare
Lodge, Manteo: at hall rear of
school gym, first and third Tues
days, 8 pm.
Thursday
MASONIC LODGE of War
cheese: first and third Thursdays,
8 pm.
EASTERN STAR: at Wanchese
Masonic Hall, second and fourth
Thursdays, 8 pm.
V.F.W. CLUB No. 1859: at
Mante9 Airport, every Thursday,
8 pm.
GARDEN CLUB: at Communi-
ty Building, first Thursdays, 2:30
pm.
Friday
MANTEO LODGE AT. & Am
No 682: at Fire Hall, first ana
third Fridays. 6 pm.
PURITAN CLUB of Wanchese:
at Wanchese school, third Fri
days, 7:30 pm.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1951-07-20
Welcome to Wanchese

LARGEST VILLAGE
friendly
tin
They
WANCHESE with
Evening star., 1951-12-05
Whole Regiment Civil Once Received Medal Stay on DUTY

life or performance Of more than
ordinarily hazardous service. the
|omission Of which would not justly
subject the person to censure for
|shortcoming or failure in the per-
formance Of duty. Incontestable
proof Of the performance Of the
service will be exacted and each
Recommendation for the award OF
this decoration will be considered
Jon the standard of extraordinary
merit"
ANY Rank Can Initiate.
Any person in the military serv.
ice who has knowledge of an act
of valor he believes merits the
Medal Of Honor may initiate 9
Recommendation for award. II
must be accompanied by at least
two eyewitness accounts. together
with other supporting information
This proposal then goes intc
what the military calls the "chair
of command"-to the commander
Of a unit or ship, to a field OF
theater commander and on W
until it reaches the Army, Navy
or Air Force Adjutant General IL
Washington.
A decorations board of the serv.
ice then decides, using all the
recommendations and eyewitnes.
reports. whether the valorous &C.
ton is worthy of the Medal o1
Evening star., 1951-12-05

Honor. If the board approves, the
recommendation then must be ap-
proved by the Chief of Staff or
Chief of Naval Operations and
then by the service secretary.
Two Medals of Honor.
It is awarded by the President
In the name of Congress, which
has led to frequent references to
it as the Congressional Medal Of
Honor"
There, are two Medals of Honor
the Army-Air Force Medal and
the Navy Medal.
The appearances of both have
undergone several changes since
1862. although the figure OF
Minerva. goddess of the arts in
cluding the art of war has re-
mained on most of the designs.
The Army has made only one
substantial alteration in the de-
sign of its medal, shifting in 1904
from the basic original design of
1862 to design virtually the same
as that now used.
The Navy adhered to the origi-
nal 1862 design with minor
changes in ribbons. clasps and
other features) until medals were
issued for World War I. Then ii
turned from the five-pointed star
to a cross design of gold. But
after that war, the Navy decided
Evening star., 1951-12-05

the cross design was too similar
IN appearance to some of It's other
medals Of lower rank and to
medals of the late enemy, Ger
many. So the Navy reverted to the
original 1862 design.
"Figure Of Discord."
Curiously, that 1862 design is
symbolic, not of wars between the
United States and foreign powers
but of the Nations great war with
itself.
The official Navy book on It's
Medal of Honor describes Minerva
as driving off the serpents held by
the "crouching figure of Discord.
1t quotes from a letter written by
the director OF the Mint, which
produced the first medal, as say
ing that discord was the "foul
spirit Of secession and rebellion. >
When the Army changed In
1904 from the medal with the
symbolic picture Of Civil Wal
strife to new design it used only
the head Of Minerva in the circle
of the f1ve-pointed star. the star
within a laurel wreath suspended
from a bar bearing the single and
significantly simple word "valor.'
(The spelling Of the word eventu-
ally changed from the older
English "valour" to the American
"yalor.")
Evening star., 1951-12-05
By Elton c. Foy
Associated Press Stoff Writer

The Medal of Honor. in various
forms and for varying degrees of
valor, has been awarded about
2,100 times through almost go
years and five major wars.
But only in the three latest
conflicts-World War T and II
and Korea-has it always been
conferred for conspicuous gal
lantry and intrepidity "above and
beyond the call of duty"
Indeed, in 1917 the Government
struck Oil names from the roll
of the medals winners. A board
decided their deeds did not qualify
them for the decoration. The
majority of them had won the
medal in the Civil War and these
included the only woman ever
awarded the Medal of Honor. She
was DR.. Mary Walker, a nurse
who attended wounded under fire
on the battlefield.
Awards Tabulated.
Since the medal was authorized
on December 81, 1862, the Nations
highest military decoration has
been awarded as follows:
BY the Army to soldiers and
in recent wars, to airmen: Civil
War, approximately 1900 times;
Indian campaigns, 416; Spanish
American War. 80: Philippine In
surrection. 10; Boxer Rebellion
four; Mexican campaign Of 1911,
one; World War I, 95; World War
II, 292; awards through special
acts of Congress to the four un-
known soldiers from among whom
one was chosen for the Arlington
tomb, to Charles A. Lindbergh
and to Maj. Gen. Adolphus W.
Greely, who served in the Army
from the outset of the Civil War
to 1906: Korea. %.
BY the Navy. to Navy, Marine
Evening star., 1951-12-05

and Coast Guard personnel: Civil
War, 327; Korean campaign OF
1871, Is; Spanish-American War,
81: Philippine Insurrection. II;
China Relief Expedition (Boxer)
Sc: Philippine action against out
laws" of 1911, five; Vera Cruz op-
Grafton in Mexico. 1914, SIS; Haiti
an Campaign. 1915, six; Domini-
can campaign, three: World War
4, %; Haitian campaign Of 1919
20, two: second Nicaraguan cam
|paign of 1925. two; World War II
1877; Korea, seven, six of them to
Marines. one to a Navy man.
BY the Air Force (since it be-
came separate from the Army
One in Korea.
Bribed Whole Regiment.
Although the medal always has
been intended for individual, con-
spicuous bravery it has not always
been issued entirely for that rea-
son. Army historians say that an
entire regiment during the Civil
War, whose tour Of Federal duty
was about to expire, was per-
suaded from packing up and going
home only when medals were is
sued to the whole regiment. On
the other hand, most of the Civil
War medals appear to have been
awarded for true acts of valor.
Beginning with World War I,
the measure of courage and hero
ism and the system of reccmmen-
|dations and reviews by boards that
preceded awards became strict.
The regulations now used pro-
vide that:
THE deed performed must have
been one of personal bravery OF
self sacrifice above and beyond
the call of duty. so conspicuous
Jas to clearly distinguish the in
Idividual for gallantry and intre-
Ipedity above his or her comrades
and must have involved risk OF