davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-06-03

Communist foreign minister in
formed the Indian ambassador, at
Peiping, that if the United States
forces, or U. N. forces crossed the
38th Parallel, China would send
troops to the Korean frontier to
defend North Korea.
That was a cryptic statement
made by him. He said that this
action would not be taken If only
South Korean troops crossed the
Parallel.
That was a matter which mad
Ito be given very considerable at
Itention, and information to that
effect was sent to Gen. Mac
Arthur. -. ;"
Other officials of other nations
reported similar statements COM
ing out of Peiping, by Chinese
officials.
On October 10TH. this was put
Iout on the radio from Peiping as
ia statement of their intentions:
The general view still remained
lon October 18th. that while it was
a possibility, and you have to keep
lit in mind. they did not think
lit was a probability.
Considered Unlikely.
At the time of the Wake Is
land meeting, there was consider
alton of this, and it was considered
unlikely.
On the 18th of October. the
State Department came to the
conclusion that it was unlikely
but said they could not be dis
missed, these threats could not
be dismissed as mere bluff.
/ On the 26th of October, the first
Chinese prisoner was captured
so that you began to know. at thai
point. that something was hap.
.Ipening. =.
! On November S, Gen. Mac.
Arthur, in a special report to the
United Nations, reported that
IU. N. forces were Gin hostile con.
tact with Chinese Communisi
military units" so the thing be-
gins to be more and more known
| On November 6, supplement-
ing his report. Gen. Macarthur
lin his communication of Novem.
Der 6. reported the destruction
,Iof the North Korean armies, but
that U. NJ forces were now faced
with a new and fresh army
backed up by a possibility o1
large enemy reserves and adequate
supply
i On the 7th of November, the
Commander in Chief, Far East, ir
an intelligence appreciation stated
that if immediate enemy bulldog
Evening star., 1951-06-03
Acheson Is Confident
Of Congress Backing
For Korea Troop Use
BY The Associated Press

Secretary of State Acheson
told Senators yesterday he be-
lieved Congress would have
approved President Truman's
decision to send United States
troops to Korea last year if
it had been called on to do so.
But. Mr.. Acheson said, the
situation after the sudden
North Korean invasion Of
South Korea did not call "for
a declaration of war against
anybody"
"This was an action OF the
United Nations to repel ag-
gression and was not a ques-
ton of a war between the
United States and some other
country" he said.
Evening star., 1951-06-03

continued. that that might pre-
vent any further advance and
might even force a retrograde
movement.
From November 8, onward, the
United Nations Security Council
members took immediate cog
nizance of that Intervention as a
military and political fact of grave
and talked about it a
great deal.
On November "a, we concluded
here in Washington that the Chi,
nese objectiveS was to obtain
United Nations withdrawal by in
timidation and diplomatic means,
but in case Of failure of these
means there would be increasing
Intervention, and it was said that
there was not available evidence
sufficient for conclusion as to
whether the Chinese Communists
were committed to a full-scale
offensive effort.
Special COmmunique.
On November 20. Gen. MacAr-
thurs Special Communique to the
United Nations said:
Enemy reactions developed in
the course of our assault opera
tiors of the past four days dis
close that a major segment Of
the Chinese continental armed
forces in army. corps and divi-
sional organization of an aggre-
gate strength of over 100000 men
is now arrayed against the United
Nations forces in North Korea. =.
consequently. we face an en-
tirely new war"
That was a development Of the
intelligence. There Is one part Of
it that I think ought to be point
ed out.
You have two problems here, in
the intelligence field. One was to
try and work out an appreciation
of the intention, whether the Chi
nese intended to come in, and
would come into North Korea.
The other one was to get in
formation from the theater as to
what they could do, If they came
in, and in what numbers, and how
serious that would be.
The estimates Of intention
turned out to be wrong -.
Wake Island Estimate.
The other thing that in intelli-
gence was important was what
would happen, what were the pos
sibilities, if the Chinese came in:
and the report Of the Wake Island
meeting and General MacArthur's
estimates follow:
Had they interferred in the
first or second months"-this is
the Korean operation" it would
have been decisive. We are no
longer fearful of their intervention.
We no longer stand hat in hand.
The Chinese have 100000 men in
Manchuria. OF these probably
not more than 100000 to 125.0o0
are distributed along the Yalu
River. Only $4,000 to $4,000 could
be gotten across the Yalu River.
They have no air force. Now
that we have bases for our air
force in Korea, If the Chinese
tried to get down to Pyongyang.
there would be the greatest slaugh-
ter"
That turned out to be an error
that they could only get so to so
thousand across the river, and II
they tried to get down to the
south. there would be great slaugh-
ter. They did and in considerably
larger numbers. -.5r
Senator Saltonstsll-They really
fooled us when 1t comes right
down to it, didn't they?
T., Mr.. Acheson-Yes, sir.
Evening star., 1951-06-03
-Stotegic Aspect
OF Korea Fiqht
Senator Brewster

senator brewster LetS
stick to FormoSa for a minute.
Do you distinguish between what
is essential to our security to
keep out of hostile hands and
what We would be prepared to
commit troops to defend?
Mr.. Acheson-Yes, Sir, very clearly
SO. One is those places where it
is our Governmental policy to use
our troops, and the other where
1t is not our Government policy
to use our troops.
Senator BrewSter-Although it
may be essential to our security
or very desirable for our national
security that they be kept out OF
hostile hands?
Mr.. Acheson-There are many
many places where it is very
desirable that they should be kept
out of hostile hands where we dc
not have policy to commit troops
OF course the whole United Ma
tions business is something diff
ferent again.
Senator BreWSter-Were the or
ders to the Navy regarding For
mosa predicated on the Korean
action or on the hazard?
Mr.. AcheSon-What?
Senator Brewster-I am glac
you are having difficulty ir
hearing.
Mr.. Acheson-Is this your re.
yenge?
Senator Brewster-I shall speal
lower than ever. Naughter.)
Importance to United States.
Senator Brewster-Was the di.
rection to the 7th Fleet to defene
Formosa an incident of our actor
in Korea?
Mr.. Acheson-It grew out of tn,
attack in Korea, yes, sir.
Senator Brewster-And do yol
now consider that Korea is o
great strategic Importance to tn
United States?
Mr.. Acheson-T do not thin
that the Joint Chiefs of Stat
have ever determined, or rathe
I think that they have not deter
mined that Korea is of strategi
Importance to the United States
Korea is of very great impor
tance to the United States an
to the United Nations because
is there that the first great effol
of collective security is bein
made to repel an armed attack.
Senator Brewster-And in tina
respect Korea is distinct fror
eForrkp psa which is regarded as {
very considerable strategic signi
Evening star., 1951-06-03
Use Of NationaIists
In Korea Opposed,
Needed in Formosa
CONTINUED from Page A-70

you argue that the, information
paper in some respects does state
policies agreed upon within the
Government.
II you ask me. as I think you
started out by asking me why this
paper says that in areas of in
sistent demand for United States
action. particularly in the United
States itself, we should occasion
ally make clear that seeking
United States bases on Formosa
sending in troops, supplying arms,
dispatching naval units or taking
any similar action would accom-
plish no material good for China
or its Nationalist regime-why is
that said? That again is part of
this information paper which tells
people how to deal with minimiz-
ing the damage from a possible
fall of Formosa.
Since we were precluded by the
decisions of our own Government
from sending in any troops or dis
patching naval units, the line that
Is recommended here, which peo-
pie are told to take, is that that
would not accomplish any good,
since you could not do it under
the decision, and since the whole
paper is based on the assumption
that you are minimizing the ef-
fects of the fall of Formosa, you
say that since you couldn't do it,
it wouldn't have done any good
to do it anyway.
Arms Aid for China.
Senator Knowland-Mr. Secre-
tary, you were not, were you, in
favor of giving arms and assist
ance to the Republic of China at
the time this paper was drafted?
Mr.. Acheson-At the time this
paper was drafted we were giving
arms to the Republic of China on
Fo1rnoSa. We were giving it out
Of the $125 million appropriation.
On the 9th of December, which
is after this paper went out, the
proposition was, made that we
should give more help than that,
and send a mission. I was not
in favor of that proposal, because
it seemed to me that by the very
hypothesis of the proposal. it was
a useless one and could not ac-
complish what was desired.
The only thing I thought it
would accomplish would be to in
volve the prestige of the United
States in an event which every
body had agreed seemed to be
impossible to prevent.
Evening star., 1951-06-03
Iran Situation
Is Discussed

Senator Brewster I should
like in the time remaining to me
to take somewhat broader look
at your overall problem, and par
ticularly in Iran. which, take
it, has a very intimate relation
ship to our general foreign policy.
There have been two notes sent
to the Iranian government within
recent days. as 7 understand.
Mr.. Acheson-I think at the
present moment, Senator, the
situation in Iran is so delicate
that ! should ask to be excused
from making any comments at all
at this time.
Senator Brew ster-Have you at.
any time within the past three
weeks discussed the Iranian sit
uation with the Senate Commit
tee on Foreign Relations?
Mr.. Acheson-I think Mr.. Nc
Ghee, the assistant secretary in
charge, has discussed it with the
subcommittee Of the Senate Com
mittee on Foreign Relations.
Senator Brewster-And when
was that?
MIR. AcheSon-I don't remember,
sir, but I am sure it is quite re-
Gently.
Senator Brewster-And is that
prior to the sending of the first
note which you sent in the mat
ter?
Mr.. Acheson-I say I just don't
want to discuss sending of notes or
anything of that sort. We have
been, as it has been we'll known, in
close touch with the Iranian gov
ernment and with the British gov
ernment. We have been endeav-
oring to prevent the situation
from becoming any more critical
than it is and have been work.
ing in the hope that, since the
real interests of both the British
and the Iranians are very close
some solution of this most i'm
portant question can be worked
out by agreement.
Representation of Iran.
Senator Brewster-During the
interregnum of your departure
from the State Department and
your return did you represent
Iran at that time or your law
firm?
Mr.. Acheson-1 have never rep
resented Iran. The firm of which
l was a member I know repre-
sented Iran at the proceedings
in the Security Council in the
winter Of '45-'46. I am not able
to answer the rest of your ques-
ton because I don't know.
Senator Brewster-My record
here indicates that.
Mr.. Acheson-The proceedings
that I have in mind are t.le ones
that took place when Secretary
Byrnes was bringing about the
withdrawal Of the Russian forces
by action of the Security Council
from Azerbai;an.
Senator Brewster-You were 6
member of the firm of coving.
ton, Burling. Rublee, Acheson &
Shorb on April 16, 1948, were yor
not?
/ Mr.. Acheson-Yes, sir; I was.
Senator Brewster-And at that
thine the Iranian Ambassador
filed a report that your firm wa.
representing them in the curren
matters in this country, is tina
correct?
Mr.. Acheson-If he filed tina
report, that report is correct.
Senator Brewster-But you wer
not familiar with it?
Mr.. Acheson-No, sir. I am no
r familiar with it. It was not any
= thing with which I personally ha
anything to do.
). Senator Brewster-Do you kno,
: what the fees were that your firr
4 has received while you were
t member of it from the Irania
t government?
g Mr.. Acheson-I believe that a
OF those matters were inquire
t into by the Senate Committee o
n Foreign Relations at the time c
L the bearing on my confirmation
: land believe you will find In tn
II
The Arizona post. [volume] (Tucson, Ariz.) 1946-1990, 1951-10-05

YOUNG ISRAEL SISTERHOOD
Season opens with a meeting Oct 8
at s pm. at the synagogue. Plans Will
be discussed for the first affair of the
season, a turkey dinner on Oct. "a.
TYMS
Plans are almost complete for the
Oct. 20 birthday dinner-dance. ReSer-
vations are already being accepted at
the Temple office, according to DR.. Mel
Halpern, dance chairman.
Blood donor night has been changed
to Nov. S.
AL JOLsON AZA
There will be a coffee club with
movies and discussion on Oct. 7. Mem
berS will be informed of time and
place. Following the regular meeting
Oct. IL, film with the VA basketball
team will be shown. Bill KemmerieS,
1st string forward. will give an in
formal talk. aa..
CAMPUS NEWS
ALPHA EPSILON PHI
Sorority will hold Open House for
the pledges on Oct. Z. To be hOnOred
are: Lois Brown, lila Sue Cohn, Betty
Lou Cole, CaryI DietZ, Marcia Gold
bIatt, Sherrie Kahl, Barbara Kaufman,
Jacqueline Roth, Marlene Rose, Claire
SegaI, Joan Sternfield, Valerie WinSki.
Mrs. d. C. Pole entertained members.
pledges, alumnae at dinner at her
home a recent Sunday. On Oct. IL the
new householder, Mrs. Mildred Stew
enSon, will be hOnOred at tea.
HnLEL
Succoth festival and open house will
be held Oct. II with traditional Sue
cab. A paid-up membership buffet sup
per and dance is scheduled for Oct. 20.
Music and dramatic groups are be-
ing organized. Jerry Hart replaces
Jerry LewkOwitz as Hillel treasurer.
The Arizona post. [volume] (Tucson, Ariz.) 1946-1990, 1951-10-05
STARS OF RERECCA BIG


Dead-line for the essay contest is Oct.
7. Several members presented Skit
at the BBW meeting last week. They
were: Shirley Elpern, Harriet Goodman,
Eleanor Kalb, Harriet Lee, Shirley
Levy, Helen Morrison, Sally Malinsky.
Voiley bali practice is held at Mans
field school Sunday morning at 10.
JOY
Last spring a new youth group was
formed at Temple Emanuel, known as
Jewish Organization of Youth (JOO.
Members consist of girls ages IL thru
13 and boys IL thru IA. Mines. 10 Cold
man and Sam r. Kaufman are advisors
Chosen officers are: pres, Robert Pos
ner; vice-preS., Danny Shafton; Sec,
Maxine Lieberman; treas, Naomi lin
der. Officers are making plans for a
box social on Oct. 81 open to members
and prospective members. Member
ship in the Temple is not required to
join this group.
TEMPLE EMANUEL SISTERHOOD.
Years committee chairmen are an
nounced by the president, Mrs. Martin
Rosenblum. They are: BIG (bOnds),
Mrs. Harry GorOdeSS; JOY, Mrs. 10
Goldman; Thrift shop telephone, Mrs.
Charles Kaufman; flower fund, Mrs.
Morris Kleinerman; donor luncheon,
Mrs. Joe MyerSon; membership, Mrs.
Philip SollinS; Two advisor, Mrs. Ed
ward Kleinerman.
Appointed co-chairmen are: donor
luncheon, Mrs. AL Oshrin; telephone,
Mrs. Jack RaticOff, Mrs. Al Tavel; re-
ligious gifts, Mrs. Irene ROsenZweig.
Thrift shop on S. Meyers reOpenS in
a few days. With house cleaning and
approach of winter, this is an excellent
time to dispose of unwanted and SUI
perfluous articles and wearing apparel,
remind Mrs. Leonard WOhlgemuth and
Mrs. ChaS. Goldberg, shop chairmen.
A phone call to them or the Temple
Office will bring a speedy pickup.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1951-06-04
AUX BAY LEGION PICNIC i5 SET FOR
 THURSDAY NIGHT

The Aux Beach Recreation Area will be the site Thursday evening for the mopthly meeting of Aux Bay Post No. 25, the American Legion. The meeting will actually be in the form of a picnic for members, families and friends but some business will also be transac- ted at a short business meeting during the program.
 The picnic will get underway at T pm. at the main picnic shelter The program includes pony rides for youngsters up to 10 years oi age, free coffee and iced beverages plus games and races for all. Vice. commander Floyd Ogden, Program Committee Chairman, says that his committee has plenty of prizes fol everyone and he guarantees a good time to all who attend. A charge of S1 per family will be made tc cover expenses.
 Especially. invited are prospect i've members of both the Legion and it's Auxiliary in the Aux Bay area. Eligibility requirements and policies of both organizations will oe explained to those attending. Everyone is requested to take their own utensils and meals ex- cept for beverages which will bt furnished
The Daily Alaska empire., 1951-06-04
RUSSIAN FURS TO
 COME UNDER BAN

WASHINGTON, June - lR = The House is expected to send to the White House, possibly this week, a bill to impose ban on imports of mink, muskrat and various other furs from Russia and Communist China.
 Senator Mccarthy (R-Wis) author of the measure, said such barrier will cut off a source of funds in this country for the Soviets which have been used for espionage"
 Russia in past years has. sold mil lions of dollars worth of furs here despite protests from trappers and fur farmers in this country.
 This will save many of our fur farmers financially" Mccarthy told a reporter. While it comes too late to save many others, it will be of material aid to the fur raisers here D
The Daily Alaska empire., 1951-06-04
J. (. PATTERSON DIES OF GUN5H0T,
 KETCH.KAN CLUB

Joseph c. Patterson, about 35, was found shot to death in Ketchikan Saturday night. He had been shot through the head with high pow cred rifle, according to word re- ceived by Assistant U. s. Attorney Stanley Baskin.
 Patterson last fall, was found guilty on two counts of bribery while watchman at fish trap near Ketchikan. He was sentenced to two years in the penitentiary on each count and given a $500 fine.
 He appealed the case and it was due to come up shortly before the U. S. Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco. Assistant U. s. At torney Baskin was prosecutor.
 A coroner's jury in Ketchikan this morning arrived at the verdict that Patterson had died from &C., eidental gunshot.
 His bcdy was found lying in the iC0 Club which he operated recent iy. His high-powered rifle was on the floor nearby Police said Pat teTson had been moving his belong ings from the club to the home of a friend.
 Surviving are his widow, Toni, and brother in Ventura, Calisor- ,lia
The Daily Alaska empire., 1951-06-04
ATOMIC BOMB UNKNOWN AT YALTA MEET.
Continued from Page One)

no reason to obtain Russian agree ment to enter the Far Eastern war, which was ended when two atomic bombs were dropped on Japan. The Russians came into the war only a week before Japan's surrender.
 Acheson said it was not known at the time of Yalta' whether the ato- mic bomb could be produced suc- cessfully.
 That was not proved until sev- eral months later = that we had one and it was not used until considerably later he declared.
 Tt was the then military opin- ion concurred in by everyone = that the reduction of Japan would have to be brought about by large scale landing on the islands of Japan, and the forecast of that fighting, which came from the fight ing on the other islands in the Pacific, indicated that it would be a very bloody and terrible battle
 Aid Against Japan
 As to the wartime aid to the Chi nese Communists, Acheson said it was for operations against Japan. At that time, he said, the Com munist and Nationalist armies were maneuvering against each other and not fighting the Japanese effec- lively, although they had an agree ment to postpone settlement of their differences until after the Japanese were defeated.
 The Yalta conference was meet ing of President Roosevelt Prime Minister Churchill of Britain and Russian Premier Stalin at a Rus sian town of that name. They made high level decisions for future CO., operation in the war.
 Acheson said it was regarded then as of the utmost importance" that Russia should come into the war in the Far East, in time.
 There was very little doubt" he said, that they would come in but the grave danger was that they would really wait until the war was over until we had expended our effort and blood to win the war and they would come in and dc what they wished"
 Russian Help Wanted
 He said military leaders wanted the Russians in on time 50 that none of the 100000 Japanese troops in Manchuria, and none, if pos. sible. of the l,235.000 Japanese troop.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1951-06-04

in China, would come back to strengthen the troops on the main islands of Japan - but that they would be occupied with the Russian effort on the mainland"
 Acheson said the agreement was that three months after the end oi European war. the Russians would enter the Far East war.
 In return, he said. it was agreed they would get the southern half of Sakhalin, the Kuriles, their for mer rights in Port Arthur and Dairen and their former interest in the two railways in Manchuria.
 Tip to Russians
 Acheson also said extension o1 the Korean war to Chinese soil would give Russia a legal excuse to intervene in it.
 Acheson said he believes treaty between Communist China and the Russians lis of such a nature that it would give the Russians that op- portunity and it would also give the Chinese a very considerable lever to demand that the Russians dc that"
 That, the secretary testified, is lone of the reasons" why the admin istration opposed MacArthur's pro posal to bomb Red bases in Man. churia
 This statement came after he had presented long summary of Amer ican policy in the Orient for the last five years.
 When Acheson concluded it, Sen ator Wiley asked about the pur- ported influence of Communisi sympathizers in the (State) Depart ment during this period, whether you know of their having any in fluence in arriving at the determi- nations that you have described hert as the various steps which were finally arrived at?"
 Acheson said: T do not believ; there was or is any Communist in- fluence any way affecting the de termination of Chinese policy, either then or now"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1951-06-04
EIecti0n Laws of Maryland Violated;
 Man Fined $5,oO0

BALTIMORE, June 4 --L7- Jon M. Jonkel, 35-year-old public rela- tions man from Chicago, was fined S5,000 today for violating Mary lands election laws as campaign manager for Senator Butler (R-N1d.
 Jonkel pleaded guilty to six charges and was fined by Criminal Court Judge Joseph Sherbow. The judge could have fined him total of s6,000 and sentenced him to 12 years in prison under Maryland's Corrupt Practices Act.
 Jonkel testified briefly and a statement was read in his behalf by his attorney. G. c. A. Anderson. Both emphasized it had been Jon kel's first political campaign of a statewide nature.
 The violations occurred during Buffers campaign against Willard E. Tydings last year Tydings, Dem