davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-08-05

once competitive enterprise and
partnership.
AS it got down to the monopoly
issue, the subcommittee focused on
two arrangements - the reserve
clause" and territorial limitations.
The reserve clause, as National
League President Ford Prick ex-
planned, is not an isolated paragraph
on a piece of paper. 1t is a combina-
ton of the renewal clause in play
er'S contract, and agreements
throughout organized baseball. One
agreement gives the club that first
signs a player the right to reserve"
his services-to tie him up as long as
the club wants him. Another agree
ment forbidS clubs to "tamper" with
players on other teams by offering
more money.
The subcommittee heard one wit
ness after another defend the reserve
clause. Mr.. Cobb said something of
the sort was necessary to prevent
rich clubs from getting all the talent.
Mr. Prick said competition would be
lost without 1t. Harry Simmons. pub
licity director for the minor league
International Association, called it
a rivet in the baseball structure and
warned that without it the structure
would come tumbling down. George
M. Trautman, boss of the minors,
said small businessmen who operate
minor league clubs as a civic enter
A1I - h. Of
tinuity of their teams to justify car
rying on a not very profitable in
vestment.
Expensive Slavery
When Mr.. Simmons. in his role
as historian, quoted ball player OF
the sos describing the reserve rule
as slavery, Mr.. Celler wanted to know
if that wasn't true description.
"At 100000 a year?" scoffed Mr..
Simmons.
But Chairman Celler quoted Mr..
Tricks figures that the average major
league salary is $4,000 for the six
months season. The base pay is SIS, 900
in the majors and as low as $3.50
A1Ol1tll ia Vic 4OWCoV A4A44OA 4CdS 0C
circuit.
Some devious attacks were leveled
at the argument that the reserve
clause exists to give the fans bal
anced competition. 1t was brought
out that penalties for violating the
reserve clause originally were leveled
only at clubs. Now. the ball player
who violates the clause-any ball
players who play with or against
hin-and even the ball park that
lets him play-are all penalized.
Mr.. Celler commented that the ball
player who wandered from the fold
became an "untouchable." and any,
body who had anything to do with
him caught the same disease.
If, reasoned subcommittee coun-
sci. the reserve clause existed for the
sake of preserving competition be-
tween clubs in organized baseball,
wouldn't it be enough to penalize
only the club?
That's how the question of Stan
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-08-05

late Mahomed Ali Jinnah, blamed
India for increasing tensions by NOV
ing troops to the PakiStan frontier
recently. Indian leaders retorted that
they moved only after repeated
threats of holy war. They charged
the outbursts from Pakistan were
propaganda geared to these factors:
/. The arrival of United Nations
mediator Frank Graham In an effort
to reach a solution.
2. The action of the Kashmir state
government under Premier Sheikh
Abdullah - Moslem regarded by
Pakistan as a turncoat and tool of
India-in ordering the election of a
constituent assembly for Kashmir in
September. Pakistan protested to the
U. N. that this was a move toward
union with India despite Indian as
surances it was purely a Kashmir
matter.
3. A feeling in Pakistan that it has
the support of the world press and
opinion. India contends this contrib
utes to a belligerent attitude and
complains outside opinion is clouded
by superficial acceptance of the Mos
lem majority rights alone
The dispute is being waged at the
top level by two leaders who were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-08-05
Self Government:
Puerto Rico on the Threshold
By Edword TomIinson


finally embodied in the document
and are eventually approved by the
Federal Government, Puerto Rico will
be something entirely new under
the United States flag. Its relation
ship with the mainland would more
nearly resemble the relationship of
Canada with Great Britain than that
of a self-governing territory with a
mother country The local courts will
be so all-powerful that an individual
would seldom have the means or the
influence to get his grievance beyond
the islands Supreme Court.
Some few officials express the be-
lief that eventually the island might
become State of the Union, with
its own representatives in the Senate
and House of Representatives in
Washington. But this is hardly pos
sible within the forseeable future.
There is popular saying among
Puerto Rican politicians: I'VE would
like to join the Union but we are
not in a position to pay the dues"
In fact. the underlying desire for
the form of island rule now being
worked out is dictated almost wholly
by the American dollar Not only
do all tax receipts from every source
remain in the insular treasury, but
Puerto Ricans enjoy all of the bene-
fits accruing to the citizens of the
mainland from the various govern
mental agencies. In times of econom-
ic crises it enjoys all the benefits Of
Federal relief. From 1888 to 1941,
more than $3.50 million were poured
into the island in the form of unem-
ployment relief and loans.
If the political aspirations of the
present regime seem to be extremely
nationaistic, it must not be forgot
ten that Gov. Munoz and his
associates are and have always been
Observation-Disclosures. Many Puerto
Ricans say the Governor would still
be for complete separation from the
United States if there were even a
remote possibility of the island be-
coming self supporting.
One-Porty Setup
It should be said here that very
few Puerto Ricans question the in
intentions and judgment of Munoz
himself. But, as one of his critics
put it: 1.-THE present government Is
the government of a single political
party headed by a powerful indivi-
dual. If Munoz should pass out Of
the picture suddenly, some one much
less Scrupulous and much more dan
gerous might take his place"
Another important consideration
in this connection is the fact that
Puerto Rico, most of whose citizens
are of direct Spanish and European
origin, has less in common with the
United States mainland than have
several of the independent republics
OF the hemisphere. Since the island
took over control of it's educational
system in 1949, English, hitherto a
required subject at the university,
is no longer compulsory. From an
educational and cultural standpoint.
American influence has been very
limited.
Whether the new constitution.
guaranteeing maximum of bene-
fits with a minimum of responsibility.
will strengthen the ties that bind us
to Puerto Rico is something only
time will tell. But. at the moment
anyway, 1t seems rather doubtful.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-08-05

SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico-The %
million United States citizens of
Puerto Rico finally are on the thresh-
old of almost complete self govern
ment. Moreover, if present plans for
their own constitution carry, Puerto
Ricans will experience fewer Federal
restraints. and enjoy greater auton-
omy and more economic benefits
from Uncle Sam than any State OF
the Union.
This is a long way for an over
crowded island territory-which has
never been anything like self-support-
ing-to travel within the brief span
of So years since it was coded to this
country by Spain. In fact. even now
it's political ties with the mainland
are all but imperceptible. 1t has no
voting representation in Congress
But at home it elects its own Gov
ernor and it's own Legislature. con-
sisting of Senate and House of Rep
resentatives. 1t makes its own laws,
levieS its own taxes, but pays no
revenue whatsoever to the Federal
Government. Every official on the
island is chosen by the voters, the
Legislature. or appointed by the Gov
ernor-except the auditor and the
members of the Supreme Court, who
are appointed by the President
Only One Judge
Only one Federal judge is assigned
to the island, although it's population
is equal to the population of many
of the States, some of which have
several Federal judges. Decisions of
the Federal and local courts may be,
but seldom are, appealed to the
United States Court of Appeals FOR
the First Circuit at Boston, OF for re-
view by the United States Supreme
Court.
At the current rate of progress it
is expected that the constitution will
be ready for ratification by the Puerto
Rican people and the Congress of
the United States by next January.
No one admits that there is yet
a tentative draft of the document.
But no administration as pow
erful and in as complete control
of all the agencies of government
as that of Gov. Luis Munoz Marin
and his Popular Democratic Party
would be likely to leave the pro-
visions of so important a treatise
to the whims of members on the
floor of the Constitutional Conven-
ton. At any rate, most of the Off
Gals close to the Governor seem to
have very definite ideas as to what
1t will contain-or, better still, what
it will not contain.
According to these spokesman, the
document will contain bill of rights
with particular attention to the pro-
lection of minorities, with emphasis
on the protection of races and groups
rather than on that of the individual.
Probably the one thing which the
present administration of the island
desires more than anything else is
the right and power to elect or APP
point the auditor and all officials
as well as members of the judiciary
including justices of the Supreme
Court. This is its most controversial
feature, giving rise to fears that the
judiciary might become subservient
to Puerto Rico's one powerful poll
tical party.
II these ideas prevail-if they are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-08-05

New Arguments Revive TideIunds Issue
About Who Owns SoIt Water Wells
By Hugh Humphrey

The lengthy and popularity mis-
named "tidelands" oil controversy was
famed into fame again last week
when the House approved a bill by
Representative Walter, Democrat, OF
PENNSYLVANIA which, if enacted into
law, will overturn three recent Su-
preme Court decisions and take ire
mendous oil reserves from Federal
control.
Since 1887, the word "tidelandS"
has cropped up with increasing fire.
quency, and if the layman is slightly
confused by the arguments, it's small
wonder. For the catchword tide
lands" is in itself a miSnomer. Geo.
graphically, the word applies to the
land lying between the high tide and
low tide marks Of any coastal area.
These strips average 100 to 200 yards
in width and are not involved in the
current dispute, since they are legally
recognized as the property OF the
States they adjoin.
With oil and it's financial and ma
tional defense potentialities involved,
the current argument begins where
the tidelands strips end. It covers
the off-shore ocean bottom known as
the continental shelf of the United
States-commonly defined as the area
extending from the shoreline to any
point where the ocean depth exceeds
600 feet
Apart from national defense re-
quirementS, the Federal Government
isn't interested in what happens on
the ocean surface above this shelf.
The States rights to control fishing,
crime and other matters within the
"three-mile limit" of coastal waters
is recognized legally, but the Govern
ment contends that it owns the land
beneath the ocean under international
law.
Whose OiIfieIds?
Most coastal States have no quar-
rel on this question. But for Cali
fornia, Texas and Louisiana, control
of these submerged off-shore lands
involves millions of dollars from the
rich oil deposits in the ocean bed.
About so years ago, oil was discov-
cred off the California coast, and
until 1887, the United States Gov
eminent was content to let the State
issue leases to private interests for
exploitation. AS recently as 1888, the
Interior Department refused to issue
Federal permits for private prospect
ing in the area. contending that it
was State controlled matter.
But the Navy for years has pressed
for huge Federally owned oil reserves
and in 1887, the Interior Department
reversed it's position and decided that
the off-shore oil fields were Govern
ment property.
The States involved reacted quickly.
and Louisiana arbitrarily proclaimed
ownership of all off-shore land ex-
tending 81 miles into the Gulf of
Mexico Texas, acting under its con-
stitution and the terms of its ad-
mittance into the Union, claimed
rights to "three-league" Q012
niles area off shore. In 1941, the
Lone Star State extended this claim
to q miles, and then in 1947 an
nounced ownership Of the entire con-
tinental shelf of its shore. California
stuck to the three-mile limit.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1951-06-30
Ford AII-Sturs Lose First
Tilt Of Year to Southwest

Ben JaokAon, hurler 70 rthe Stars holding B.
cad ~hen ne had Il leave the game after knocking
c,~n hot liner IN the fourth inning. His success
the mound Ear Wrght ard Ed Crutcher.
able 70 hold the lead
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21
SOCIAL e PERSONAL
MINNEAPOLIS

HI Iohn Love of Dallas, Texas is visiting Mr. and Mrs
"chh brO"t l+oo Seventh Ave No. Mr. Love is a longtime
m OF me Browns On September Is Mr. and Mrs Policy
MhGurh l=oI Humboldt Ave No. entertained Mr. Love at
others who have entertained for the visitor from the
Lone Star state Mr. and Mrs Charles Palms 1851 Bryant
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21
rain 9 tn e
r z c @ r D s
hoy Used 70 Coll %
R0CfImm-


one Of the SiX albums IN RCA
NictnrS second series OF Treas
ury of Immortal PcrtormanCrs"
jSEEwtsr Is devoted 10 the ma,
chtnauonS of Muggsy Spanicr and
his group, doing eight sides of
ptNicland music "a morr polished
name for what was known aS
'raEtime"l. Album IN labelled
''MueGsy Spanier Favoritcs' and
is the second volume of sides trum
the 1910 rcCOrdings On Rlucbiri
label 4 previous collection was
ISSUED last spring
Included in this etGhtsomc are
the best nf the Spanicr versions as
done by the ragtime Crw he
formed in Chicago and which
played lengthy engagement in
Grenwtch village A Cornctst of
the old school. Muggsy rides
supvmcly over the instrumental
ttons on such standard rag
timers" as SomctiRy Sweetheart,
Rluin' the RluCs, RINrrboaI shut
flc. Al shutdown. I Wish I Could
Shlmmy Like My Sister Nate,
Dinah. BLACK and RluC. and Lone
some Road Victor
Another favnritc of the swing
era. the late Bunny BerigAn,
shows up in the Treasury" series
with his album Of Bunny BertgRn
Plays Again" Bcrigan who died
in 1912, In Still hooked upon Rs ono
Of the finest Jazz trumprtcrS the
country has known The tunes in
Cludcd In the album are some of
his finest works
Best remembered In hts sigma
TURF melody, Can't get started
With Won. Others are The Prison
rr'1 song. Deed ! do, Trees, Rus
sian Lullaby. Jelly Roll Blues and
BLACK Bottom CViCtorl
There II yet another Treasury"
album one featuring Louis Arm.
strong which We have not seen
as yet. but which IL also available
It's Louis Armstrong Town Hall
Concert and presents some Of
the greatest favoritcs "a Ia Pops"
Armstrong
The sides are on the spot re-
corhings. taken from the event
sponsored by Frod Robbins.
Gotham disc Jockey. Tunes IN tho
album are all old fRvortNS
RoCkIn' Chair, Saw II Pretty
Mama, Amt MiSlschaVin'. Pennies
From Heaven. Back O'ToWn
Rlues. and best Of all. the "Satch-
mo" hit of the early sos, ~
James InfIrmRry.
siding with Louis Pops" are
such top-drAwrr taEEmcn a. Bob
by Hackctt, Jack Tragaricn, tho
late Big" Sid Catlcit Peanuts
Hucko, Dick Cary and George
wctiIing tViCtoTD
Sarah Vaughan. sounding hkr n
combination of q half dozen other
herself, has "A really good side for
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21

tied with relatives and { riends.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lytle motored 60
Philadelphia with Mr. and Mrs.
W NJ Barnes. 1909 Firth Ave. So.
and went the rest Of the way by
train.
MisS-s Dorothy StoVaII, 1918
Firth Ave So. and Doris Jones.
All r. 24th St spent the weekend
IN Duluth, MINI. where they Wis.
tied with friends Misses Stovall
and Jones attended the wedding
of Miss Gertrude Johnson and
Walter Foster which took place
Saturday evening, September Is
at St Marks AME church. They
returned to the city Sunday eve.
ming. September Is.
MIR. and Mrs. Bernard X. Thorn.
a., Los Angeles, Calf. returned TO
their home Wednesday. September
." NAN'A HP'hNllE NNO "tthb NlNAt %
ing Mrs Thomas parents. Mr.
and Mrs Everrtte W Walls 1887
Fourth Ave So They were cX-
tended many social courtesies dur
ing their stay here
Miss Esther J. ByarS, 24O9 r
Lake Of the Isles Blvd returned
to the city Sunday, September 10
after visiting relatives and friends
IN Philadelphia New Jersey and
New York Miss Byars spent two
weeks out OF the city.
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Kirby. 522
AldriCh Ave. No, viii return 60
the city Saturday, September %,
after "A two weeks vacation In Chi
cago, Indianapolis and Dayton.
OHIO, where they visited with rel
atives and friends
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21

rark on Saturday. september 40.
There Will b. no regular monthly
meeting on that date.
Mr. and Mrs. JohnathRn Me-
Lean 12d n. Grotto Avo.. are the
proud parents of a baby boy born
Friday September II, The new
arrival weighted seven pounds and
has been named Jonathan Jr. Mrs.
Mclnans s,stor, Mrs, EaAie Phil
lily of New Haven, Conn, arrived
in the city Monday, September II
for an indefinite visit,
Mr.. and Mrs. James Wagner
and son Gregory, b65 Rondo, and
Mr. and Mrs q u Watson. bVs
st Anthony Ave, motorcd TO
Gary, Ind, Friday, September 10,
TO spend tho week end Visiting
relatives ami frtcndS They were
the house 4 ucsts Of Mrn. Milton
Allen and daughter. Ethel Mrn.
Allen IL tho mother oS Mrs WaE-
ncr and Mr. Watson,
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21

her latest waving Title IL Out a.
RrCath. and she literally creates
the Impression that she's "uuta
breath IN her vocal version Tho
Instrumental accompaniment by
Paul Weston ork. In It's shifting
tcmpuS. rrRlly set off tho
Vaughan voice Mate iR aaraha
moody blucd vocal On After Hours
lCommbtal
Two Of Duke EllInRtons con.
cert tunes ~ last year have been
placed On wax. both of which
show promise Of attracting quito
a bit Of furur In the Ellington
corner On one aide there Ia The
Eighth Veil a fascinating tone
poem hcndIininR the trumpet Of
Cat Anderson Tho mate bears the
name 81 MonoIOEur pretty and
the Wolf This ~ an oddity NJ.
linRt0n narratnH q tale Of n wo-
man and her wilra, which brings
about tho downfall Of the man
tCOhImblhJ
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21


Mr.. and Mrs. Edward Milton
sos Aldnch Ave No. are the
happy parents of a baby g1rl born
at Maternity hospital on Sept 1
Mr.. and Mrs. u. o. Newman Of
Kansas city, Mo. are visiting Mr..
and Mrs. Cecil Newman. 1858
Third Ave So. The Kansas CITY
Newmans are the parents OF
Cecil Newman Guests at a din
ner for the visitors SATURDAY
night, Sept Is. included Mrs
Jessie Shannon, Mrs Maxine
Jones, Mr. Roy Hooper and Mr.
Walter Lowe.
Mr.. and Mrs. Claude Lytle. 1913
Fourth Ave So, returned 10 the
city Friday September II. after a
four week vacation in PhiladrI-
phia, Atlantic City. n. J.. New
York, Charlotte, n. {. Spartan
burg. S. c.. Louisville Ky. and
Indianapolis, Ind. where they Wis
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21

PpsssA@~ - -
Aszak.ss Lss Lss-s-ss e
= kaps s4Ss,LSs4 " ~ SSa SSus
Pope, s0aaIIsaIiy Sad IsSSSSSlaIIy
10, SSs, 10 ysa,I and JO' As Sa@s
LsaEA 81 EAs cd more. q kAs
seosdsG ~ cd ny Iaaay -.
6osAisd kos,I 81 ,ssSiAS pisoSsSs !
soail GET - 40 Slkv Bsdia'
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21
The WAY ! SEE 1T
4 BY NELL DODSON RUSSELL

NEW YORK CITY Instead Of dragging my crakinE bones
homeward hard the office Tuesday
a
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21
BIRTHDAY
GREETINGS
MINNEArNIIS nIRTMpANN

Sept - Grace Johnson. SCI
Eighth Ave, No. Rosetta Thomas
GOD nth Ave-. So; Bertrar
Slaughter, 2pO6 Portland AVc,, A
/. Cnmmoiorr 1881 Bryant No.
F'r,d Il Titus, 2iA W, Sist ST. So
Sept - Charles Mccoy, S6E
nth Ave- No. Jonas Schwartz
sol Pence BldE Mrs Leila Han
ham aiS AldrtCh Ave No, Hazel
Clark. lOtS Clinton Ave So
Sept - Mrs Clarence Bell
$40 Humboldt Ave. No. Mrs, La,
ctnda Stubhlcncld SS2 Tenth Ave
No, James Hinklc, 2A6I Fourth
Ave So Pascal Todd. n26 CIR,
aNi Ave, No, AlcyncttR Ballard
SIP Bryant Ave No.
sept 20 Mrs LcRoy Hall 1924
Fourth Ave So
sept - sammy Hale, 33i2
Fourth Ave 80; Jane Stone, SOS
Bryant Ave No.
Sept. ~ OliVc Nelson Russell,
266S GlcnhuTSt.
Sept 20 Charles DcIaComp-
son. 422 Dupont Ave. No: &c. IL
blackwell. SSI7 Fourth Ave 40 T..
karCn Breach, l6l2 Elliot
out OF Town RlTithdRyR--
Sept - Durpvllo v Craa.
Kansas CITY. Kansas, Violet I'M
Whyte. Baltimore. Md
Sept - Charles Ballard,
Springfield ohio. Mrs l.. u.
Fouse. Lexington. Ky
Sept 20 Martin Brown. Los
Angelica Caitf, JacQuchnc Ann
Brown, Kansas city Mo.
Sept IN Cecil h Davis, Los
Angeles. Cam
Sept - CunscuiA Townsend,
Chicago, III
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21

arrived IN the ctty Saturday eve
ming. September 10 rnr a weeks
visit with relatives and friends
Mr.. and Mrs pcan Spccsc gave a
family gct,toErthcr and barbecue
IN their honor at their home an
Hardwood Avenue. North st
Paul sunday September 10 Alien
u the son of Mrs Rnsc SpccEe
pop ArCcnla Ave and Leslie a
student Of = y state College AZ
BroOkinEs, Is tho nephew VI Mr..
and Mrs Iuc bay, TS2 Rondo,
whcrr they are the hnuHo guests
MIR. aud Mrs, Royal Crawford.
h22 ~ Anthony Ave. were hnAt
and hostess at a Ect.t0Ecthcr
party at their homo Friday. Sep
tcmbcr II for their friends
Among those prcaent were
Mrasrs and Mines Joseph Brew.
ington, Burt Wade and Arthur
Jackson
NIISa Beverly BalcngrT. returned
10 the city recently after spend
ing two weeks vacation in st
Louis. Mo Miss HalenEor was the
house guest ~ Or and Mrs
August Piper She IL the daughter
Of Mr. and Mrs Russell 7, BRl.
cngcr sig st Anthony.
The Hall and Chain club met at
the home Of Mrs Royal Crawford,
h92 ~. Anthony, Saturday, Sep.
tembcr 10 4 pow WOW was plan
ned and viii be- held at MinnohAha
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21

Mrs. James Ghfnn, bs7 Rondo,
returned Ia the city Monday
September =. after spending n
month and half visiting her
mother. Mrs Rosa Smnut in West
Virginia Mrs Gnfnn's three chill
drrn Vtnnnc. Linda and Helen
went on the trip also
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21


ming in u theatre alcywRy off BrOadway with
mob Of palPltAting tcrn-Rgc young ladies trOddins
on my toes and trying to push through wall
More about that later The rrvtcw INST
Some Of the nations football coaches and
cOIlrEe alumni associations aren't going Go take
kindly to saturdays Herr" u 10 u rugged
brutal indiCtment of COmmerCIaIEAtion In COI-
Iegr football, and the equalization Of phlyeFN
Bascd Willard IAGmpcIls serial In CoHnlO-
POlItAn awhile back, the story dorsnt suffer
too badly In the transition except for q cORCes
sion 10 the Hollywood pattern Of u happy fin
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1951-09-21
SOCIAL & PERSONAL

Mr.. Johnson, so st Anthony Ave. after spending
month visiting California; Houston and Galveston Texas
New Orleans Mobile Ala, Nashville Tenn returned TO the
city last week lie left II rau Tuesday, September Is for Chi
cage whore he will spend vcra DAYS ON business
Allen Speese Pierre, : u. and Leslie Day Huron \ D.