davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-05-19
This and That

Here is true blue jay story" writes
j. G. v. of South Barton street, Arling-
ton:
"One day my brother-in- was out
in the yard and noticed jay was lying
on the ground and appearing to be hurt
so badly that he could hardly move.
ION examination it was found the
wing was broken badly and it looked as
if the bird were done for, so he was
taken to densely wooded spot across
the street, with little food to eat, if he
could, and where other creatures would
not molest him too much.
But did he stay there?
THE next morning he was back, and
again he was taken across the street for
safe keeping. However, each day he re-
turned to the yard, and was finally left
Cnere and fed from time to time.
Eventually he got SO he could hop up
on the lower branches of the shrubs, and
as he improved he would hop up on still
higher branches, until finally he could
fly again, after the fashion Of an air.
plane banking, but fly he could and did
And this isn't all.
''The female of the species enters this
story. She watched him and became in
trigued! In her bird mind, she probably
thought what mani and shared him.
They raised q family. and lived happily
ever after, hope.
II want you to know how very much
enjoy your column. especially the ar
ticles about Templeton Jones, which are
full Of rich humor and good will toward
the world"
Evening star., 1951-05-19
BY Charles {. 7roceweH

even the removal Of many trees. as to
the ending of what may be called areas
of nom disturbance.
Even in a built-up community, If
through illness some householder allows
a yard to go unmowed and untouched
for many weeks. the birds and animals
tend to return to it.
In other words, what they prefer is
the untouched place. the yard or lot
or acreage permitted to grow undis-
turbed by human hands.
This is what the creatures seek When
they are forced out by humanity and
humanity's too rigid standards of clean
illness, the birds and the small beasts
keep moving on, sometimes toward the
city. sometimes away from it. Hence we
have more opoSSums, for instance, in
Georgetown today than there were half
century ago.
There is hint here for every garden.
If a plot of land is large enough, let one
portion of 1t go wild. Do not clean it up,
either as to leaves or vines or even woods.
Let nature take control, and soon this
small sanctuary will begin to attract
many birds and anircals.
1t is not only because the creatures
find more food In such place, and con-
ditions in general more to their liking.
It is partly because it has less of the
smell Of mankind!
Most Of the creatures have never really
liked us. and who can blame them?
Looking around the world today, how
can we like ourselves?
Evening star., 1951-05-19
Artists conception Matthew the
imperial commissioners Yokohama in

FormoSa as the keystone, he dispatched
a letter to President Pierce, urging that
he be permitted to "annex" the strate-
gic island. Wrote Perry: II assume
the responsibility of urging the ex-
pediency Of establishing a foothold in
this quarter of the globe, as a measure
of positive necessity to the sustainment
OF our maritime rights in the East"
On July 8, 1853. Perry's fleet dropped
anchor in Yeddo (Tokyo) Bay. To the
aStonished japanese, who ordered him
to depart at once, Perry announced that
he had brought letter from the Presi-
dent of the United States to the EN-
peror of Japan. He intended to de-
liver it If he had to shoot it at the
Emperor. The japanese baked. The
Emperor did not receive letters. Much
pickering, much ceremony, much delay,
much apologizing, but no satisfaction.
Perry moved his warships closer to
Tokyo. The japanese capitulated. The
Emperor would receive the letter.
Promising to return in few months
for an answer, Perry sailed away and
proceeded to- establish foothold for
that American empire he had en-
visioned. He cruised about "annexing"
islands right and left. He annexed the
BoninS, raised the American flag over
the Liu Chius (now the Ryu Kyus), took
possession of several islands belonging
to Japan. others belonging to China
and few to Great Britain.
Then. he sailed on to China, where
he found disappointing message from
President Pierce. who turned thumbs
down on Perry's picturesque plans. He
Evening star., 1951-05-19
Armed Forces Day, 1851

=. The bitterness of the battle in Korea gives
d grinly solemn touch to Armed Forces Day.
1851. Last years initial observance of the joint
Army Mayfair Force day was in the nature OF
a celebration of uni1cation. That was before
Korea But the country is in no mood for feS-
tivities today. This time we are paying tribute
to unifcation in action, not on paper-to the
teamwork of our fighting men not only at home
but in the midst of the noise and dust and blood
of mortal combat.
Korea is a long way from Boiling Air Force
Base and from Constitution avenue, but the roar
of planes over Anacostia and the blaring @:
bands along the parade route cannot distract
the mind from what is happening on the other
side of the Pacific. They are reminders, rather,
of the stark fact that the bulk of Americas
trained military manpower is engaged in a life
or-death struggle with seemingly inexhaustible
hordes of Chinese Reds bent on driving us into
the sea.
AS our newest and most formidable types of
bombers and fighters show of for the assembled
throngS here today, it is frustrating to realize
that such air power cannot be used to full advan-
tage against the Communist foe. 1t is reaSSur-
ing to know, however, that such amazing prog
ress has been made in building up our air
strength since the rehabilitation program got
under way that production of these new war
planes Is DelnS dCCclcTdLeQ WIN every passing
week and that the men to fly and fight them are
being trained in ever-increasing numbers.
1t is frustrating, too as we watch the march
ing men, the tanks, the guns and the various
demonstrations of our growing might, to know
that conclusive victory is not yet in sight for
us in Korea. after nearly year of give e-and-take
fighting with the Moscow-inspired Reds. 1t is
SOLDERING to reflect that the fine young men who
are on parade here today may be plunged into
hand-to-hand battle for their lives and for their
country in some far-off rice paddy or mountain
pass before another Armed Forces Day rolls
around.
: And it is frustrating to know that, despite
the critical world situation, the unifcation which
exists on the battlefield is far from complete on
the home front; that there is dssension among
ourselves and even between us and our Allies,
that vital manpower legislation is still hanging
FIRE and that strange apathy hampers civil de-
tense preparations.
Z These are things that should not be lost
sight of in the drama and excitement of Armed
Forces Day. The impressive exhibition of what
our men in uniform have accomplished in max
ing ready for emergencies is a challenge to the
rest of us to stop our pickering and get on with
the job of giving unstinted support to the men
whom the Nation honors today
Evening star., 1951-05-19
Turnover in Bolivia

Considering its long history of political vio-
lence and revolutionary coups, Bolivia's latest
governmental change has been carried out in
relatively heartening manner. At any rate. al
though normal constitutional procedures have
been ignored, it has been accomplished without
bloodshed by a group of leaders who insist
with seeming sncerity-that their sole objective
is to serve democracy and save the country from
falling to the control of Nazilike forces aligned
with Communists in a temporary wedding of
convenience.
What the change is directed against is the
National Revolutionary Party headed by Victor
Paz Estenssoro. This man, notorious for his sin
lister pro-Nazi role during the Second World War,
Is primarily responsible for the fact that Bolivia,
in December, 1943, fell under the vicious die
tatorship of Guaberto Villarroe Villarroel's
regime-generally regarded as one of the worst
In the countrys history-came to sudden end
with his assassination in the bloody but genu-
inely popular rebellion of July, 1916. Since that
time-during which there has been a compare
lively good and democratic government at the
capital city of La Paz. first under President
Hertzog and more recently under President
Urriolagoitia-Paz Estenssoro has been living in
exile in Buenos Aires Yet, despite his totali-
tartan background and the public wrath that was
once directed against him. his Bolivian follow
ers, with the help of the Reds, have managed to
build up great deal of political support for
him, largely among the tin miners whose griev-
ances are meat for demagogues.
Thus, in the May presidential election, the
exiled Paz Estenssoro won Al per cent of the
popular vote. Of course, since less than 5 per
cent of Bolivias 5,500,000 population took part
(most of the people are illterate and therefore
barred from the BALLOT, fewer than S. 1000 per-
sons voted for him. But this total, though con-
siderably short of majority, was more than
voted for any other one candidate. Hence, the
Bolivian Congress-which in such circumstances
is supposed to elect the President from the three
men with the most voteS-would have been hard
put to reject him if normal constitutional pro-
cedure had been followed. So President Urrio-
agoitia handed over the reins of government
to junta of three generals and seven colonels
In his own words, he found himself-as firm
believer in the democratic process-obliged to
skirt around that process to get out of the
dilemma of choosing between Saving democracy
or delivering the power to those who fight it."
Accordingly, he turned to the army to rescue
the country from the danger of falling again
under the yoke of Nazi-faScism now in league
with communism"
The military junta has given voice to the
same idea. Emphasizing that the change at La
Paz should not be interpreted as dictatorial
coup, it has described its objective as one de-
Evening star., 1951-05-19
Letters to The Star

In education, in our own economy? The
millions OF men who have died, or will
ole. as result of this war cannot now
enjoy, whether they are Germans, Greeks
or Englishmen. even the barest of life
given to the poorest Chinaman-who is
poor indeed. They will not be able to
rejoice at the empty victory whether it
comes to us. to the British, or the Ger
mans. Before We take the step into
actual, declared war. let's all think a
good, long time about the world 10 years
from now-for there will be world then,
and we will still have fanatics, spell
binding orators. economics and inter-
national problems galore-win, lose or
draw"
The learned men and women whom
Mr.. Mellett quotes are right. Unfortu-
nately for our Nation. SO many of our
Learned" men-like so many of our COM
mentators and Congressmen-are 10
years late in learning what was apparent
to almost any unlearned Mississippi mud
cat back in January, 1941-when my
statement was published. All the argu-
ments Mr.. Mellett now uses against hav-
ing war with Russia could have been
used against having a war with the Axis.
And think how much we would have
saved by staying out of that one, or
rather those two. World War I generally
was considered to be a gigantic and
bloody error by SO per cent Of the his
torians between 1918 and 1899. Even
Winston Churchill has called World War
II the useless war" What will we be
calling World War III, in case any of us
poor devils are here to call it anything?
Larst0n ID. Farrar.
Evening star., 1951-05-19
Perry Topped Macarthur on Forn0oso
By Edword Boykin

ATEARLY century before Gen. Mac
~ Arthur made an issue Of FormoSa.
another American military hero tried to
convince his Government that this
stable island was vital to our interests
in the Orient.
Commodore Matthew c. Perry first
brought Formosa into the orbit of Amer
ican thinking while on his historic mis-
sion to Japan in 1853. He went so far
as to urge President Pierce to let him
annex Formosa while he had a powerful
fleet on hand to do it.
Perry's argument was that "the naval
and military position Of Formosa was
such that. with it and sufficient naval
force, the United States could command
the entire coast Of China. precisely as
Cuba in the hands OF powerful mari
time nation might command the South
ern coast of the United States and the
entrances to the Gulf Of Mexico"
The commodore was a swashbuckler
who believed it was Americas destiny
to run or rule the world. He dreamed
of an American empire in the Orient.
Perry. of course, had no realization Of
how vital Americas stake would eventu-
ally become in the Far East, but he had
vision. II his dream was to come true,
Formosa would be a key spot in the
American sphere Of operations. What
was more logical than to seize the island
while it was such easy pickings?
With a fleet Of seven warships, Perry
sailed to the Far East in 1883 to pry
open the gates Of the oyster-tight Japa-
nese Empire and persuade Nippon to
become a friend and customer of the
United States. On the way to Japan,
Perry called at Hong Kong and Shang-
hal. In these ports. while replenishing
his fleets stores, Perry was first in
trigued by the idea of creating an Ameri-
can zone in the Far East. He studied
MS maps and charts. picked up every
shred Of information available on For
mosa and the many islands dotting the
coasts of Japan and China.
To Perry's sailors eye, Formosa oc-
cupied commanding position, the logi-
cal cornerstone OF an American bastion
off the coast of China. Formosa in 1853
was shadowy place Few white men
had ever visited it. Information about
it was meager and vague Most intrigu-
ing to the commodore were rumors of
vast FormoSan coal deposits and won
derful harbors where the fuel could be
loaded. Perry was fascinated. It might
be only sailors yarn, but coal on For
mosa was something to stir the imagina-
tion OF navy man. With coal and har-
bors. Formosa would make an ideal
American naval base.
Perry sincerely believed the day would
come when the United States would
have to face showdown for dominance
in the Orient.
Determined to lay the foundations of
an American Far Eastern zone, Perry
sailed for Japan and the great adven-
ture OF his life. Having decided on
Evening star., 1951-05-19

directed Perry to drop his Formosa an
nexation idea, to stop embarrassing the
government by grab-bagging islands of
no value to the United States and to
stick to his mission-bringing Japan
into the family Of nations. Said Pres
ident Pierce: The United States had
no territorial ambitions in the Far
East.
In February. 1854, Perry's feet re-
turned to Tokyo, where he concluded
the famous treaty of trade and friend
ship that opened the doors of Japan
to the world. His mission ACCOMPLISHED
and the treaty itself en- route to the
United States by fast ship, Perry again
began toying with the idea of annexing
Formosa. Certainly it would be good
business for America to look it over,
So he dispatched one of his ships,
the Powhatan, commanded by Capt. Joel
Abbott, to Formosa to explore the island
for COAL
Abbott'S explorations are detailed in
Perry's voluminous report to Congress
on his mission. The report said there
was coal enough on Formosa to supply
American fleets for years. Perry said
little about the vast camphor groves
on the island. Navy minded, he was
concerned only with coal for our fleets.
In the report Perry again stressed
Formosa's strategic position. He pre-
dicted that. in American hands, Formosa
could become rival of Hong Kong
and Singapore and that it might in
time. outstrip those two great ports as
entrepots of commerce.
Evening star., 1951-05-19
Margaret Fuller
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.

First Women to Be Employed by the
New York Tribune.)
Why must / of all ,Don,en of my time
Be driuen By this den,on-ruled By
brain
Rather than Wiles? Why can not
remain
Purely and simply female fred sublime
Against backdrop of domestic art
Secure and patient? Why must
change the plan.
Elbow uy ,Day into the iDorld of man.
And take the bruises to sensitive heart?
JOY it auould be indeed to scrap ideals,
Find peace in some ones kitchen. be
content
With feather duster - my noblest
anger spent
Against a pair OF oarden-n,uddy heels
AnathemG to cobwebs, death to dust:
Women ,Dere meant for nore-proDe
it I must.
Alma Roberts Giordon
Evening star., 1951-05-19
Cherokee Revival

The Cherokees are travelling the trail of
tears" again. Representatives of the ancient
nation are retracing the route over which II 900
OF their forefathers moved from Georgia to
Oklahoma in 1888. The modern migration, how
ever, signifies nothing in terms of suffering and
death 1t has been undertaken simply to call
attention to the still unfinished story of noble
people which, despite centuries of hardship have
refused to perish. The trek symbolizes the cur
rent revival OF Cherokee civilization. 1t should
be understood-and appreciated-by the rest of
America
When white men first came from Europe to
this hemisphere, the Cherokees occupied all the
vast region south of the Ohio and west of the
Great Kanawha. De Soto encountered them in
154O. The Virginians established commercial
relations with them about 1885, the French made
similar arrangements by 1700 Sir Alexander
Cunning entered into treaty of alliance with
them in 1870 and took some of their leaders to
England to visit the Court of ST. James The
resultant friendship lasted through the French
and Indian and Revolutionary Wars. Meanwhile,
the Cherokee domain gradually was being
Whitfield away by white invasion. check in
1873 led to the tribe resolving to cede no more
land. The Cherokee people organized their own
government under their own written constitution
in 1927. At that period they were one of the
most interesting aboriginal communities extant
1t is matter of history that they met every
test of peacefuness, of practically, of Christian
profession and conduct Of industry and pro-
ductiveness, of outgoing friendliness to the
whites, of progress in domestic order and in
education" Sequoia was one of their mentors
Unfortunately, Andrew Jackson was their enemy
Becoming President of the United States in
1928, Old Hickory Immediately put through Con-
greSs the so-called Indian Removal Act" which
placed in his own hands the task of leading or
driving all Indian tribes to some place west of
the Mississippi" The discovery of gold in Chero-
kee territory sparked what followed Ruthlessly
the Georgia Legislature annexed all Cherokee
land, declared all laws of the Cherokee nation
void forbade Indians to testify in any State court
against white men. The Cherokees appealed to
the Supreme Court-and were refused relief on
the ground that the tribe was not "a foreign
nation" Three years afterwards this decision
was reversed, but Jackson challenged John
Marshall to enforce the reversal The denoue-
ment was the compulsory migration to Oklahoma
in 1888. Not less than 1000 Cherokees died on
the way.
But the Cherokee tradition was not de-
stroyed, the Cherokee spirit not lost. Uncounted
thousands of Americans today have Cherokee
blood in their veins, perhaps without being aware
of the fact. For ten weeks beginning June %
the civilization of the Cherokees will be drama
tized in the second annual presentation of the
folk drama unto These Hills" at Cherokee,
North Carolina staged by the Cherokee Historical
Association. More than million spectators saw
the production last year.
Evening star., 1951-05-19
Slide Rule on Combine

In The Star of May Is, Senator Ma
lone of Nevada is reported to have said
that there is more illegal gambling in
the District and adjacent Maryland
prince Georges County, than in the
State OF Nevada. where it is legalized.
I am opposed to gambling anywhere,
illegal or legal. But, we seem entitled to
some elementary arithmetic. The popu-
lation OF the District is more than six
times as large as that Of Nevada, and
that OF the District and Prince Georges
County combined is seven times that of
Nevada. Furthermore. the small popuia-
ton OF Nevada is scattered over a large
State The District and adjacent Mary
land form one large city, where crime
OF all kinds multiplies in proportion.
Carleton r. Ball.
Evening star., 1951-05-19
Fair Deal or Raw DeuIe

Doctors have just received the hospital
number OF the Journal of the American
Medical Association. It reveals the ter
rloie default OF our political leadership
IN civilian defense. We have been SOL
EMMY warned that our defenSeless cities
lace atomic aggression. Seventy thou
sand American casualties in Korea have
paid the price to limit the war and to
buy time for civilian defense and sur
vival. With the old type of atomic bomb
Hiroshima and Nagasaki proved casual
ties would run into scores of thousands.
God only knows the mass desolation and
mutllatlon OF modern atomic aggression.
Yet to meet this unbelievable holocaust
we have only 1,456,912 hospital beds of
all classes. OF this total, 687 ,567 beds
are occupied by psychiatric cases; 72,37O
are occupied by tuberculosis victims. If
we only allow two days disqualification
for each mother giving birth, about 80
900 beds are needed for this basic pur-
pose.
This means 1887 of our total hos
pital beds already are frozen. The re-
manning 666,975 unfrozen beds admit
tedly are inadequate for present minimal
needs. Any aggression would destroy
thousands Of these beds together with
their servicing personnel Two atomic
bombs could produce more casualties
than we have available hospital beds.
Knowing these undisputed facts. our
leadership slumbers on. 1t does nothing
to protect deficit-spending hospitals
from bankruptcy. Hospitals can't ex-
pand because there are no nurses and
technicians to service new beds. Why?
Because it is the policy of this admins
tration to compel hospitals to operate on
a deficit or close. The farmer is guar
anteed his subsidy and organized labor
is guaranteed it's inf1ationary cost-of-liv-
ing wage. But hospitals and hospital
personnel. upon which our very survival
may depend. are treated with total dis
regard of their economic compulsions.
They are starved into dangerous made
quacy. Economic justice to our deficit
spending and bankrupt hospitals may
not mean more votes for political spoils-
men. But if we fail to remedy the pres
ent critical shortage in the Nations total
hospital beds, it will mean needlessly
dead voters. Does this inept admins
tration really care?
Thomas E. Mattingly, MD.
Evening star., 1951-05-19
Quotes Historian

Apropos the current debate on the Far
East. I recently came across an interest,"
ing letter Historian Henry Adams wrote
to Elizabeth Cameron of Washington
in 1908. It read in part:
MY craftsmanship is still all in China.
where the last struggle for power is to
come. China is bound to go to pieces.
and every year is long step to the bad.
The only country now on the spot is Rus
sia. and If Russia organizes China as an
economical power, the little drama of
history will end in the overthrow of our
clumsy Western civilization We never
can compete with Asia, and Chinese coal
and labor, organized by Siberian sys-
tenn. In that event allow till 1850 to
run our race out"
Frances Gehhart.