davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-06-08

with the origin of this division al
the 38th Parallel?
Secretary Acheson-Yes, sir,
am familiar with that -.
Senator Brewster Are you
familiar with any earlier discus
sion of the 38th Parallel as 9
dividing line in Korea?
Secretary Acheson-No, an
not. I was under the impression
that this was taken up about the
10th of August, and was decided
in a day or so and was solely fol
the purpose of accepting the sur
render -. It was not a division
of Korea. Korea was, supposed
to be a united. free and independ-
ent country.
Senator Brewster - Isn't it
rather interesting to note the 38th
Parallel in Korea was proposed As
years earlier by Russia as a means
of dividing the spheres of influence
of Russia and Japan incident to
the episodes around the Russo
Japanese War?
Secretary Acheson-I am not
familiar with that, Senator.
Senator Brewster-You would
consider that a rather interesting
precedent in the situation in view
of your idea now that possibly that
Evening star., 1951-06-08

/ in itself blocks the seating OF
representatives of member state
arises only in the Security Coun-
Gil, and that we would vote against
lit.
Whether that operates to be 9
veto is a matter which Is in dis
pute. have said we would VOTE
against it.
The only, way to settle that dis
pute is to take it to the World
Court, and I have said that we
would be in favor of that.
pointed out that this only
arises in case you are in a mi
nority of four or less. If you are
in a minority of four or less on
the question of whether they
should be seated, you would be in
a minority of four OF less if there
was a vote in the Security Coun-
Gil, as to whether your vote con-
stituted a veto.
Therefore. the only place where
you could get a decision on this
which is authoritative. is in the
World Court, and we would be ir
favor of that. -.
Evening star., 1951-06-08
Free Election Result
Held UnpredictobIe

Senator Flanders-Mr. Secre.
|tary, suppoSing that all of Korea
were cleared Of the invaders ano
that country was pacified, ano
supposing in due time, as was
Originally contemplated by the
United Nations, that elections
were held. Would you feel con-
fldent that the elections would be
anti Communist if they were held
within year or SO?
Secretary Acheson-Well, you
are asking me to predict elections
under circumstances which are
hard for me to foresee, Senator
A lot of thought has been
given to it in the past. and think
that we were quite confident that
If the campaign Of last fall had
been successful, that the elections
which were held then would have
been very strongly anti-Com-
munist.
Now it is hard to tell, without
being able to talk to people or
understand what their attitude Is
in North Korea at the present
Evening star., 1951-06-08
Brewster Explores
Open Door Policy

(Senator Brewster opened hi
examination by reading from {
State Department compilation o.
United States Relations with
China" He reviewed the "Oper
Door" policy and subsequent
treaties before the turn of the
century,
Senator Brewster now
subsequently there was the Russo
Japanese war and the Treaty OF
Portsmouth, September S, 1905
which mentioned "the two
signatories to restore Manchuria
to China and to observe measures
that would apply equally to all
nations in the. commerce and in
Idustry of Manchuria.
That apparently recognized the
Chinese rights and preeminence
in Mancnuria.
Are you familiar. Mr.. Secretary
Evening star., 1951-06-08
Ache Charge He Denied Fights

have to consider what would have
happened.
Senator Lodge-You certainly
would not favor pulling the troops
out of Europe. would you? -.
! Secretary Acheson-No. I think
THAT is different situation.
4 Senator Lodge-Do you feel we
made a mistake in 1945 and 1916
Ito disarm as rapidly as we did?
/ Secretary Acheson-Yes, sir,
think that was a mistake.
Senator Lodge-Do you think
that in retrospect Yalta appears
to have been a tragic miscalcula-
tion even though it is one that
maybe anybody else would have
made if they had been in power
but in retrospect it appears to be
THAT?
Secretary Acheson-No, I don't
share that view.
Senator Lodge-Still we could
il we wanted to, could we not,
just state that we today do not
approve of the decisions that have
been made there, couldn't we?
Secretary Acheson-Yes, sir
that could be done.
Evening star., 1951-06-08

may be where the spheres Of in.
f1uence will be divided between the
free nations, the United Nations,
and the Soviet-dominated group.
Secretary Acheson-It would be
interesting. I shall look it up If
you wish me to.
Brewster Voices Surprise.
Senator Brewster-I am stating
lit as a matter of fact. You will
find it alluded to in several dis
cussions of the matter. l am a
little surprised again that your
staff has not more adequately
briefed you, because it has seemed
Ito me that it is at least significant
that Russia apparently was aim
ing at that so years ago, and it
seems now on the point perhaps
of achieving it as a result of the
settlement that you apparently
contemplate. Now, there is so
years of our policies to preserve
the open door in China, its inde-
lpendence, and integrity.
! Do you feel that our policies in
the last six years have been sue
lcessful in achieving continuance
of that independence and in
,Itegrity of the Chinese Govern
ment?
/ Secretary Acheson-Well, the re-
suit is clearly that the Chinese
Government has not been able to
do the things that you speak of.
/ Senator Brewster-So that the
so years or a 100 years, as you
put it, of our objective to keep
China so that it was preserving
Its independence and integrity is
now. at the very least, in very
serious question.
Secretary Acheson-Well, think
that what your question does is to
give the impression that by the
efforts of American diplomats we
had been completely successful in
doing this until the last few years,
in which case we are not COM
lpletely successful.
That was not the case. Through
out this whole period there were
very grave deterrents of Chinese
sovereignty. In fact, there was
hardly any period during that
long stretch of years during which
! that did not exist. ..
Senator Brewster. Mr.. Sec
retary, I think you have stated
| Continued on Page AS, Col. ~
Evening star., 1951-06-08

land we would continue to oppose
| it.
Secretary Acheson-That is cor
rect.
Senator Bridges-Now, there Ii
Just one point. Gen. Marshall ir
ltestifying here said that he woulc
go so far as to use the veto te
block it. You have always care.
fully refrained from going that
far.
Now, from a practical point OF
view, and inasmuch as the dis
Itinguished Secretary of Defense
has made the statement that il
should be used, don't you think
or would you care to comment on
that.
Secretary Acheson-I have COW
cred this angle several times when
you we're not here, Senator.
will be glad to cover it again.
Senator Bridges-I wish you
would, on the veto thing.
Secretary Acheson-. pointed
out that the question of whether
a vote of a permanent member
Evening star., 1951-06-08

ing at present with 286,750 words,
of which 2.3 per cent was deleted
for security reasons as compared
with only .05 of l per cent
scratched by the censor in the
Acheson testimony.
Here are the totals of other
witnesses and the percentages OF
'deletion for security reasons:
Gen. MacArthur-196,85 $50 words:
Ia per cent.
Secretary of Defense Marshall
271 $50 words; A per cent.
Gen. J. Lawton Collins, Army
Chief of Staff-125,500 words; Al
per cent.
Admiral Forrest P. Sherman
Chief of Naval Operations-93, SOC
words; 81 per cent.
Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg, All
Force Chief of Staff-9O, ,25(
words; 4.3 per cent.
Evening star., 1951-06-08
Yesterdays Testimony

I regard this, and I do not say this
to you personally. because you
have stated you were not response
BILE, but certainly in this govern
ment there must be some depart
ment that is responsible for the
thorough investigation of this cor
rupt transaction; and if this
money has come back into this
country for the purpose OF in
fiuencing public opinion, or any
part of it, on American policy,
those things should be made
known to the American taxpayers
who were robbed IN the first in
stance by this corrupt gang of
crooks, and I should hope that
the administration would start to
do something about it.
Evening star., 1951-06-08
7,325,750 Words Are Taken
In Macarthur Firinq Probe

A total Of 1,325,750 words OF
questions and answers have been
taken in the Macarthur hearing
with $1,000 words. or 2.8 per cent,
deleted for security reasons.
That estimate was furnished by
the Joint Senate Investigating
Committee yesterday. The record
includes the testimony of Secre-
.tary of State Acheson through
Wednesday. s.
There have been 5,3O3 pages of
transcript.
With his testimony far from
complete, Mr.. Acheson appears
likely to take the lead in the word
age. There already have been
257 500 words of testimony while
he has been on the stand, not
including yesterdays sitting.
Gen. Bradley, the chairman OF
the Joint Chiefs of Staff, is lead
Evening star., 1951-06-08
Printing Error Makes
| Macarthur Say What
He Surely Didn't Soy

An error in the newly
printed hearings record of
the Macarthur inquiry quotes
the general as saying he did
not carry out directives sent
him. the committee was told
yesterday. The report reads:
II have not carried out
every directive that I have
ever received, but what I was
trying to do was to find out
what the directives were to
be for the future"
Chairman Russell pointed
out Gen. Macarthur actually
said, ct have not only car
ried out and the word only
| there was omitted through
some error in the printing
Office"
Evening star., 1951-06-08
Bridges Asks
About China

Senator Bridges-Mr. Secretary
you have at various times here
been questioned about the seating
Iof China, Communist China and
the Peoples Republic of China, in
the United Nations and you have
said repeatedly that we had op-
posed their seating in the past
Evening star., 1951-06-08

moment. wouldn't have any
doubt that the elections in the
south would be anti-Commu-
Evening star., 1951-08-05
Maryland 4-H Club
Meeting 10 Attract
1900 Young Farmers

The biggest week of the sum-
mer begins tomorrow for about
l 200 Maryland farm youngsters
expected to attend the 29th an
nual State All Club meeting at
the University of Maryland.
The agenda is packed with
classes, assemblies, campfire, ath-
letic events, games, contests, YES
per services and square dances.
The All boys and girls will start
arriving at College Park by bus to-
morrow morning. After register
ing, they will be assigned to uni
versity dormitories.
Monday afternoon they will
enter their exhibits in the various
contests, get started with their
athletic competition and meet on
the Quadrangle for the first tribe
meeting.
The youngsters will be divided
into two Indian nations, each with
II tribes.
The classes begin Tuesday. The
subjects offered include egg, dairy
and livestock judging. bees, poul-
try, and vegetable gardening.
One of the highlights of the
week for the girls will be the dress
review Friday, at which IS girls
will model dresses of their own
design and making. The winner
gets a free trip to the National
All Congress in Chicago next
November.
Evening star., 1951-08-05

one. The warehouses will help
keep the field in operation and
are we'll clear of the retained
landing strips!
Springfield airport in nearby
Virginia was the first to fold. It's
administration building is empty,
it's windows gaping and its run
ways graSS-groWn.
Queens Chapel, in Maryland,
still is in operation. but has been
sold to a real estate developer.
Greenbelt, with its mile of
paved runway in nearby Mary
land could get a shot in the arm
when the new Washington-Balti-
more parkway comes through to
make it quickly accessible.
The Sanders Aviati,n firm at
ERGO Field near Riyerdale, has
the worldwide agency for the
non spin Ercoupe plane as a cush-
ion to absorb the shock of de-
creased flying.
Hyde Field Is Active.
Hyde Field, near Clinton, also
owned by Arthur Hyde, has vast
hangar space and probably as
much activit, as Congressional
because of it's location.
Washington Virginia airport,
formerly Crossroads, now operated
by J. D. Benn. still has 79 aircraft
based there. Mr.. Benn, like the
other operators, shuns the word
subsidy" as such. but also like
them, would favor an air Reserve
Evening star., 1951-08-05
Free Star Movies
Playground Film
Program for Tonioht

Programs presented through the
cooperation of the District, Ar
lington County, Prince Georges
County. Montgomery and City Of
Alexandria Recreation Depart
ments and The Film Center of
Washington.
Washington, at Dusk.
Chevy Chase, Forty-first and
Livingston streets NV.
Rudolph, Second and Hamilton
streets NV.
Langdon Park. Eighteenth and
Franklin streets NE.
KenilWorth, Kenilworth avenue
and Ord street NE.
Virginia Avenue. Ninth street
and Virginia avenue Sc.
Bald Eagle, Nichols avenue and
Joliet street S.W.
Monroe, Georgia avenue and
Columbia road NV.
Francis, Twenty fourth and N
streets NE.
Blow, Nineteenth street and
Benning road NE.
Douglass-Dwellings, 1000 Ala
bama avenue Sc.
Arlington, $3.50 PM.
Walter Reed, Washington boule.
ward and North Mckinley road.
Alexandria, $3.50 PM,
George Mason, Cameron Mills
road.
Prince Georges County, $3.50 PM.
College Park Elementary School,
1901 Calvert road.
Montgomery County, $3.50 PM.
Wheaton, Claridge road of
VierS Mill road.
Evening star., 1951-08-05

when explaining the decline of
interest: Cost of training. if paid
by the individual. is too high,
Aircraft prices-at about $4,000
for the cheapest plane-are too
high. The young man wants to
fly, but doesn't have the money.
The adult man has the money, but
if he doesn't fear airplaneS, his
wife does.
And another thing" said Mr..
Brinkerhoff, "if you newspapers
would tone down accounts of air.
craft accidents, it might help"
Robert Ashburn, operator at
Hybla Valley, looks at it this way:
II don't think the initial cost of
the airplane is a barrier. Older
people have thesmoney and many
of them have the inclination, but
they must have an airplane that
can fly fast, land slow; a plane
that is safe, dependable and can
last most anywhere. E."
New blood may brighten Hybla
Valleys future with the Arthur
Godfrey grant to American Uni
versitys transportation school.
Students in the schools aviation
phase will be able to obtain pri-
vate licenses and Godfrey has
designated Hybla Valley as the
training center.
Has Reduced Acreage.
At CongresSional-second old
est private airfield in the Nation
next to College Park, Arthur
Hyde is still in flying operations,
but has sold $50 of his 200 acres
Evening star., 1951-08-05
Lightning Strikes Twice. Chance of Being Hit Is Remote

house is in open, isolated coun-
try.
Lightning Strikes Twice.
Long ago discarded was the
superstition that lightning never
strikes twice. The Washington
Monument has been struck al
most every time an electrical
storm hits in the area. 1t has
four lightning rods and has
never been damaged. The EN-
pire State building in New York
was once struck II times in less
than a half-second.
Lightning victims. If they sur
vive, tell varied experiences,
most of them having to do with
a binding flash and roar. One
described a sensation of falling
into space. Most characteristic
of the effect is a burn, but there
often is mental shock, prolonged
nervousness, numbness, deaf
ness, loss of small and taste and
a prickling of skin areas over the
body.
In its conclusion. the Encyclo-
pedia Americana observes: 1T
would seem wholly unnecessary
for the average individual to
worry about the likelihood of
being killed by lightning"
Evening star., 1951-08-05

Officer Training Corps and high
school pilot activity.
One-ti commercial airline
pilot and veteran of 1873 Atlantic
air crossings, Ashby R. Rosson has
operated the Falls Church Air
Park ON Lee boulevard since 1945
Fully cognizant of the decrease
| in flying, he still isn't alarmed
enough over it to halt work on
new 3,6o0-foot runway. why
I'm building it, I don't know.
Big Investment Cited.
Here we have a vast invest
ment and poor return. I wouldn't
be in the business now if didn't
also have a 1,100-acre dairy farm.
He deplored the depletion of the
Nations pilot pool, but saw no
ready remedy for the situation.
At 25-year-old Beacon Field
atop a hill outside of Alexandria,
Manager Harry Lehman admits
plotting is a costly skill. "A quail
fled pilot is in the same category
as a doctor or a lawyer when it
comes to the cost of his educa-
ton" He favors Government
sponsored flying schools to create
"a new pilot pool, stimulate all
phases of the aviation industry.
The boiled-down answers to the
solution range from Mr.. Lehman's
Ito Mr.. Ashburns-who believes
the era of the private airf1eld is
over, barring a Government
sponsored program or municipal
ownership.
Evening star., 1951-08-05
Civil Defense Is Theme
As Virginia Fire Chiefs
Open Meeting al Luray
speeioI pi,pu,eh 10 nj. stur

LURAY, Va, Aug. 4.-Civil De-
fense problems were foremost in
the minds of Virginia's fire chiefs
as they prepared for their 21st
annual convention here tomorrow.
The three-day meeting proceeds
the 65th annual Virginia State
Firemen's Convention, which will
be held at Luray Wednesday
through Friday.
Tomorrow afternoon will be
devoted to a meeting of the fire
chiefs executive committee. The
convention will get into full swing
at 10 a m. Monday as Luray Mayor
Harry B. Dyche welcomes the
delegates. Fire Chief Bernard J
Padgett of Alexandria, who is
first vice president, will respond
to the welcome.
Discussion Meetings Listed.
The first discussion meeting is
scheduled for 10:45 am. Monday,
when w. R. Creekmeer, inspector
of the Norfolk Fire Division, will
speak on Practical Programs of
Fire Protection" He will be fol-
lowed by C. S. Mullen, jr., State
fire marshall, who will discuss
New Developments in State Fire
Regulations"
At the 2 pm. session Monday,
DR.. William P. Claudy, Washing
ton Fire Department and Police
Department surgeon, will lead a
discussion of civil defense mat
terS. A round table discussion of
all fire department administra-
tion problems will follow.
Opening the Tuesday session at
9 am. will be a discussion of cur
rent trends in financing civil de-
fense. followed by talk on arson
investigation by w. j. Lewis, of
the Norfolk Fire Department.
Communism in America" will
be discussed at 10 a m. Tuesday by
Richard D. Auerbach, special
agent for the Federal Bureau of
Investigation.
Offices to Be Elected.
The fire chiefs principal busi-
ness session and election of new
officers is scheduled for II am.
Tuesday. Mr.. Padgett is expected
to be nominee for the presi-
dency, to succeed Fire Chief R. l.
Woolard of Norfolk.
Firemen from all over the State
will join the chiefs at Luray Tues
day night in preparation for the
Flremen's Association convention
opening on Wednesday.
The Alexandria Fire Depart
ment expects to have 125 in at
tendance at the convention, and
lis out after a fourth straight
victory as the best appearing unit
in the parade that climaxes the
convention at 10 am. Friday
The Alexandria delegation in
cludes the citizens band, which
marches with the flremen.
All events are scheduled on
Eastern Standard Time.
Evening star., 1951-08-05
AIbemurIe Library
Gets Music Records
Special Dispotch TO The star

CHARLOTTESVILLE, Va, Aug.
4.xMore than 800 albums of
classical records have been pre-
sented to the Charlottesville and
Albemarle Public Library to more
than double the present supply.
The gift was a private coIlec-
ton. The records are all 12-inch,
regular speed. Some are the origi-
nal European DRESSINGS, which are
collectors items.
Evening star., 1951-08-05

You're fretting yourself into
the early miseries if you worry
about being struck by lightning.
That is the Encyclopedia
Americana's summation and it
finds general concurrence among
scientific men and weather OBJ
servers, all of whom are trying
to find out more about light
ming.
Violent electrical storms over
Washington in the last week
have killed one man and
stunned three other persons,
one of whom literally was
brought back from death. But
the odds on being felled by
lightning are almost as astro-
nomical as the number of volts
generated by a single fash.
To avoid even those odds, the
Weather Bureau has a cardinal
point of advice. In the sum-
mer, if you see storm clouds
coming up, you can bank on
them containing lightning. The
thing to do is head for good,
substantial shelter if you are
out in an open field.
Trees to Be Avoided.
To this, the Bureau of Stand
ards DR.. F. B. Silsbee, head Of
the high voltage laboratory
where man stirs up a puny two
million-volt lightning bolt, adds
the advice to avoid trees, high
points of isolated ground and
fences. "It could be dangerous.
when on an open golf course.
even to raise a steel-shafted
club during a Storm" he said.
Depending on the length of
the bolt, the voltage of light
ming will exceed 100 million If
it is as much as 1000 feet long.
The two million-volt charge de-
veloped at the bureau is only
20 feet long.
He scoffed at the old-fash-
ioned fallacy of running for a
feather bed during a storm and
of the fear of taking a bath
while lightning crackles outside.
He also knocked down reports
of ball" lightning where q ball
Evening star., 1951-08-05
Christchurch School
Names Teaching Stuff

Faculty appointments for the
1951-52 session at Christchurch
School. Christchurch, Va, were
announced yesterday by Branch
Spalding, headmaster.
The members named are Mrs.
Virginia j. Klose, librarian and
remedial reading instructor; Jere
Bunting, mathematics and his
tory; Everett H. Emerson. Eng
lish; c. Richard Working, history
and dean of the lower school;
John L. Coe. mathematics; Ker-
win Hyland, biology; Henry S.
Hackney, modern languages; John
F. Marshall, Latin and English,
and the Rev. Emmett H. Hoy,
chaplain and dean OF social studies,
Evening star., 1951-08-05

overlee Knolls: Charles H. Dunphy,
Boynton P. Livingston.
Park Lane: H. Smith Rucker, Stan
Stanton, Mrs. Diana L. Bird. Robert E.
Horgan.
Rosslyn: Mrs. Beulah Goss. Carl A.
Goerlich.
Thrifton: J. Maynard Magruder, Mrs.
Juanita M. Greenshields, James D. Frank
lin, Mrs. Virginia Thatcher.
Virginia Highlands: Harrison Mann, Leo
Urbanski. jr.
Walkers Chapel: Howard R. Massey,
c. Samuel ShillingburR.
Westover: Wesley w. Cooper o. w. Deck
Woodlawn: ]. z. Kerpelman, Mrs. Sue
Renfro,