davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-05-21
War and Washington Alike to Sherman

He also wrote again to the President.
saying he would resign were it not for
his family. At this, President johnson
relented and Cancelled his orders.
X
Perhaps 1t was a similar distaste for
Washington that caused Gen. Mac
Arthur to resist for IA years all at
tempts to secure his return to WASH
ington. Perhaps similar thoughts
caused Gen. Marshall, in commenting
upon Gen. MacArthur's long absence,
to add the following in his testimony
before the Senate committees: st might
say I suffered more from close prox-
unity than he has suffered from dis
tance."
Sherman, Grant, Macarthur and
Marshall do not explain why service
in Washington Is harmful or distaste-
full. The simple truth, however, is that
in Washington our national leaders and
the elected representatives of the people
are on the whole far from being whole
heartedly devoted to the national well
fare. Politics, personal prestige and
selfish interests abound to such an ex-
tent that the national interest is either
forgotten or is seen through political
glasses.
Nothing could illustrate this power of
politics more than the way that opinions
are divided concerning the recommen-
dations Of Gen. Macarthur. Is it too
much to ask that the strategy of fight
ing war be determined by the unbiased
Judgment of our leaders, without pri-
mary consideration for political loyal
ties and without blind adherence to
opinions and policies previously ex-
pressed by ones superiors?
The Washington brand Of selfishness
and poor judgment is repellant to the
very best American soldiers who devote
their entire energies in wholehearted
attempt to accomplish whatever mis-
sion their command may be assigned.
Due perhaps to the ever-present danger
of death, the wartime concentration of
patriotic purpose which is found in the
front lines is wonderful to see and to
feel. But in Washington each person
seems chiefly concerned with preserv-
ing his own political life and fortune
How despicable this often becomes as
compared with the frontline bravery
and patriotism Of our infantrymen!
Somewhere on the horizon political
leaders must appear. who by precept
and example, can purify the atmosphere
in Washington and make it safe and
inspiring post for assignment, not only
for our future Shermans and Mac
Arthurs, but also for the many eminent
civilians who wish to avoid the dis
tressing results Of living by politics.
w. c.
Evening star., 1951-05-21
Radical Answer
Vera e. Adams.

have yet to hear anyone in the
Great Debate advocate the incorpora-
ton Of Korea into the United States as
possession, although it is the most
obvious and logical solution to the prob
lem. It may seem radical and "undemo-
cratic" to present such tait accompH
to the Communists. but it would at least
be one positive action amongst host
Of negative ones. After all. Alaska was
purchased with dollars alone, while
Korea was paid for long ago with dol
Evening star., 1951-05-21
SoeioI Changes
j. Smith.

May I commend the editorial in The
Star urging the District of Columbia
Medical Society to admit qualified Negro
physicians to membership? An article ~
Victor DAILY appearing in The Sunday
Star several weeks ago gave evidence Of
great progress and trends in improved
race relations. It should be much easier
to effect changes in current racial mores
as result Of the eventful happenings
about the Nation, and particularly. in
the South. ..
The color line in graduate schools is
breaking in all but five Of the Southern
States. Presently the elimination Of
segregation Is being sought through the
courts in public schools in the South.
Despite the reaction Of Governors like
Battle, Byrnes and Talmadge, many feel
that the dictates Of economy, social jus
tice, and world considerations will
sooner or later obliterate segregation in
public schools.
When our legitimate theater and some
of the movie houses were opened with
out discrimination, the predicted great
rush of colored patrons did not mate
rialize. Only the cultured who appreciate
various segments of the artistic enter
tainment world attend regularly, and
they are few. Many of the promoters
Of sporting events who expected greater
profits when segregation bars were let
down have not realized that the period
Of adjustment to social change is often
long.
AS the late President Roosevelt said.
most Of us are afraid Of fear itself. The
Star has been considered an apostle Of
"gradualisrn." It is good to see The Star
recognizing the need for these enlight-
ened and accelerated social changes.
e. B. Henderson,
Vice President. D. c. Branch,
National Association for the
Advancement Of Colored People.
Evening star., 1951-05-21
Heart Of q Controversy?

Reason. not hysteria, should dom
mate decisions ON the Macarthur issue.
Support for the; President is growing
daily. Here are a number of things
which indicate This trend: On April IA,
L'Osservatore Tsomano's leading article
praised President Truman for a "de-
cisive act" calculated to bring about "a
just negotiated peace" Another excel
lent editorial, entitled 1.-THE Great
Debate" appeared in America, Ma
tional Catholic weekly of April %.
This article strongly supports the Presi-
dents dismissal of Gen. Macarthur and
approves Of our foreign policy. I men
ton these tws) newspapers, not be-
cause they are Catholic, but because no
one will accuse them of being pro-
Communist or pro- British. These arti-
cles should dispose Of the fiction that
the dismissal OF Gen. Macarthur was
unjust and without good reason.
Those dubious because Of criticism of
the Secretary of State should know that
875 social scientists recently signed
statement indorsing United States foreign
policy and uplpolding Secretary Acheson.
The statement, released in New York,
policy Of freedom. cooperation and
peace"
It seems to me that President Tru-
man went to the heart Of the whole
Macarthur controversy when he said.
"The real issue is whether we stand
alone, or whether we stand and work
with the other free peoples of the world"
and "going 1T alone in Asia might wreck
the United. Nations, the North Atlantic
treaty, and the whole system Of collec-
tive security we are helping to set up."
Official statements made by India and
the Union of South Africa and reliable
reports from the U. N. leave no doubt
that the President is not overstating
the dangers involved. If the United
States adopts MacArthur's policies and
'goes it alone" would it not be foolish
Evening star., 1951-05-21
Newscusters Note

Would it be asking too much Of
radio news broadcasters that they study
their scripts and understand them
before going on the air?
Recently there was the astonishing
broadcast that There will be or 6
cent rollback on unborn chuck roast.
OF course, the announcer meant to say
unboned.
We also hear repeatedly "detect-uve,
defect-uve, correct-uve. ad infin1tum.
We also must listen to such as 1.-THE
boy friend Oil has just stepped out to
have the erl in his car changed"
Laura X. Pollock.
Evening star., 1951-05-21
Letters to The Star

lars plus many thousands of American
lives. To refuse tx, exert political hegem-
ony over Korea now means to degrade
ourselves before history.
The administration maintains it will
never indulge in appeasement, but any
thing short Of complete control in Korea
is appeasement. Macarthur has said
that there is no substitute for victory,
but victory that is not exploited means
a perpetuation OF the causes of conflict
The policy of maintaining the status
quo of separate but dependent states is
a policy of confusion and disunity and
a policy that guarantees future wars.
The strategica1 conduct of the war is
important in It'd, own right. But the
most pressing need at this time is to
overhaul our fol,eign policy in the light
Of our role as th leader and champion
of Western civilization.
..- s:s...es-H Carl Wickum
Evening star., 1951-05-21
Questions and Answers

The Stars readers can get the answer TO
any question Of fact by either writ writing The
NV. Washington 5. D, c.. and inclosing 8 cents
return postage or By telephoning ST. 1868.
Evening star., 1951-05-21
To the Editor Of The Stor:


THE current atmosphere in WASH
i ington makes one wonder how
either our political or our military lead
ers can be expected to solve the many
difficult problems which our Nation
faces. More and more our leaders seem
to be devoting their energies to feuding,
fussing, and "politicking." rather than
to affairs of state.
An interesting commentary on this
situation Is contained in the memoirs OF
Gen. Sherman. He quotes an exchange
of correspondence with Gen. Grant in
which both agreed most positively that
Grant should stay out Of the City Of
Washington. The pertinent parts of the
letters follow: ~
Nashville. Tenn. Mar. 4, 1854.
"Dear Sherman:
1.-The bill reviving the grade of lieuten-
ant general in the Army has become
law, and my name has been sent to
tie Senate for the place.
81 now receive orders to report at
Washington Immediately in person,
which indicates either confirmation
or likelihood of confirmation. start
In the morning to comply with the order.
but shall say very distinctly on my ar
rival there that I shall accept no ap-
pointment which will require me to make
that city my headquarters.
Your friend.
"U. s. Grant, Major General"
"Near Memphis, Mar. 10. 1864.
Gen. Grant.
"Dear General.
have your more than kind and char
acteristic letter Of the 4th.
Nov as to the future. Do not stay
in Washington. Halleck is better quail
fed than you to stand the buffets Of in
trigue and policy.
For Gods sake, and for your coun-
try's sake. come out of Washington!
''Your sincere friend,
wv. T. Sherman"
The reader must judge for himself why
Grant insisted on remaining outside of
Washington. But Sherman'S reference to
politics and intrigue" and his repeated
exhortation concerning Washington sug-
gest that he understood the great dis
advantages which the National Capital
would offer to sincere and conscientious
soldier who had no desire other than to
concentrate on bringing the Civil War
to successful conclusion.
Perhaps Grant felt, even in 1854, that
he could not serve in the Capital with
out sacrificing a substantial part Of
his simple and honest character. This
Evening star., 1951-05-21

@. What per cent of stockholders in
the United States are women?-H. E.
A. Forty-three per cent Of all stock
holders are women.
Evening star., 1951-05-21

on our part to assume that Great Britain
and the Western European states would
invite their own destruction by offering
bases for an attack on Russia In a war
not Of their choosing?
T. Smith
Evening star., 1951-05-21

Q. What is the present ratio of auto
mobiles to people in the United States?
C. S. Y.
A. There is one motor vehicle for
every 3h persons.
Evening star., 1951-05-21
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE,

BY THE HASKN SERVICE.
@. Why are the vehicles used in war
fare called tanks?-G. B. D.
A. This name was used by the British
to mislead spies, while the tank was
being developed in World War 1.
Evening star., 1951-05-21

Pen names may be used If letters carry
writers' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.
Evening star., 1951-05-21

@. When was the Apple Blossom Fes-
tival first held in Winchester. Va?
&C. j. T.
A. In 1924. Since then it has been held
each year except during World War II.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1951-01-11
.WuIkouts Halted:
WAGE Talks Held

San Francisco (LPA)-A truce
arranged Jan. A ended walkouts b!
Carpenters at an Alameda, Calf
shipyard, and of Machinists a
yards in Oakland, Calf; Seattle
Wash. and this city. At the same
time the way was paved for fur
ther wage increases in the Wes
Coast shipbuilding industry.
Management turned down unior
requests for a Decent raise across
the board, countering with a 4-cen'
offer. The unions rejected the Offer
but both sides announced negotia
tions were held sin a harmonious
friendly and constructive atmos-
phere" and would be resumed Jan
s.
The master agreement, which
will not expire until June 30, does
MT call for wage reopening. How
ever, management agreed to wage
discussions because of high living
costs. Under the truce, the unions
agreed to stabilize the industry by
trying to prevent stoppages and
management withdrew a number of
suits and iniunctions.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1951-01-11
Guard Fired For
Union Activity

Thornton, Pa. (LPA) - Warder
Earle II. Allen of the Delaware
County Prison doesn't want his
guards to have any union notions
On Jan. 2, he dismissed Howard
Nj. Roydhouse, Jr., president of
Local ll2, the State, County &
Municipal Workers Local-AFL, and
a guard at the prisons Broadmea-
dows Farm here. Five weeks earl
ier, he fired Robert A. Callahan, a
guard and also a union organizer.
The Central Labor Union of
Chester, Pa, of which Local ll2 is
a member, Immediately charged
Roydhousc was fired for union ac-
tivity. At a meeting Of the local in
Lansdowne, Pa, Callahan reported
that Roydhouse was called into
Warden Aliens office. Said the
warden, "If the union isn't through,
you are as of now"
Cracked one wag: That warden
must be stir crazy"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1951-01-11
Here's Cheering News
If You're Going
To Buy A Car

Detroit (LPA) = Don't let ZEN
stampede you into buying a new
car at once, and don't let them talk
you into higher prices on the argu-
ment that cars will be scarcer.
Wards Reporting Service de-
clared Jan. 5 that passenger car
output in the first half of 1851
may be only 100000 under the re-
cord-breaking output the first halt
of 1850.
Wards said that "a six-month
forecast at the present time does
not find the defense orders so far
issued as severely affecting auto
production. Unless it interferes
with vital defense projects, the in
dustry will be assisted in turning
out as many cars as possible"
Wards pointed out that restric-
tions on aluminium have been eased,
and that copper orders have been
worded so that as much as possible
of this metal can be freed for func-
tional purposes where no substitute
for the red metal can be found"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1951-01-11
Insurance Lobby
Fast One
Failed To Get By

Washington (LPA) - Chalk up
one little-noticed victory for the
people in the last two days of the
81st Congress. The fake CT insur-
ance bill did not get by. That was
the phony that slipped through the
House by unanimous vote, but got
buried in the Senate.
This slick and fast play by the
insurance lobby was exposed by the
League Reporter of Labor's League
for Political Education, Frank Ed
wards, AFL radio commentator
and Labor Press Association, which
sent a warning story to all its
clients.
The life insurance lobby, while
the boys were dying in Korea, man
aged to slip the bill through. That's
the bill that was called $4,000
free life insurance policy" 1t was
in fact an accident indemnity
policy, and the gimmick was that
if a boy came out alive and well,
he lost the policy, and if he wanted
life insurance, would have to buy
it from the life insurance compan-
les at higher rates. II would have
meant that for the first time since
1917, American war veterans would
be without government insurance
protection.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1951-01-11
Refuse To Buy Any Russian Products
Until The kremIin Ends Slave Labor

Washington, D. C. (ILNS). =
Individual citizens in their per
sonal capacities as patriotic Am
ericans and consumers were calico
upon to "give effective expression
to their hatred of slavery" by re-
fusing to purchase any Russian
furs, Russian caviar or any other
Russian product until such time
as the enslavement of the 21 ,600,.
600 men and women in the forced
labor charnel houses Of commun-
ist Russia and other iron curtain
countries has been completely end
ed"
At the same time, every export
ing company owned by patriotic
Americans was urged to stop ship
ping machinery, chemicals or any
other product of any description
either to communist Russia, com
munist China or any other coun-
try now subservient to and serving
Moscow.
The appeal to the American peo-
pie, entirely unofficial in character
and intended merely to show that
every patriotic American, if he SC
desires, has the power to manifest
his adherence of the practice OF
slavery on a gigantic scale by com
munist Russia by choking off the
flow of dollars to the Kremlin
through flat refusal to purchase
any communist export, came from
the All-American Alliance Against
Communism, Oppression and Slav-
cry. The appeal was released in
Washington.
Human slavery is practiced on
a colossal scale by the present rul-
ers of Russia, a great nation which
has been degraded by the gangs
ters who have seized power and
who hold power through terror
the alliance declared.
at is our belief that no self-re-
specting, loyal American citizen
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1951-01-11
Keenan, And Silvey
To Advise On PA
Staff Personnel

Washington (LPA) = Two labor
representatives have been named
special consultants to advise in
selection of staff personnel with
labor experience for the National
Production Authority headed by
William H. Harrison. They are
Joseph B. keenan, and Ted F. Sill
vey.
keenan, is director of the AFL
Labor's League for Political Edu-
cation. Silvey until recently was
executive officer of the labor di-
vision of the Economic Cooperation
Administration.
Their activities in recruiting per-
sonnel for NPA with experience in
organized labor, Harrison said, is
part of a mutually agreed upon ar
rangement for making available
labor personnel to assist in the in
dustrial mobilization program.
Harrison pointed out that "in an
operation as widespread as NPA
every type of experience and know
ledge is required, and we are de-
sirous of having personnel with
labor experience and background
to aid in the day-to-day operations
Of the various units Of NPA."
keenan, was with the National
Defense Council, the Office of Pro-
duction Management and vice
chairman of the War Production
Board during World War II. After
the war he was for several years
labor adviser to General Lucius d..
Clay, military governor of Ger
many.
Silvey has served during World
War ii on the staff of President
Philip Murray at CIO national
headquarters, as a liaison officer
with war and reconversion agen-
cies. In 1867 he was a represent
ative in Germany Of the Office of
Technical Services of the US De-
partment of Commerce in the field
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1951-01-11
War Against Polio 'Everybody's Fight
Says Truman, Backing March Of Dimes

New York City QLNS). - The
fight against polio is everybody.
fight" and mo victim stands alone,
| President Truman declared, ii
calling for the support of the Am
erican people in the coming Marcf
of Dimes drive. The President
stressed the increased need for aic
because of the widespread epidemic
of 1850, the third in as many years
The President wrote to Basi
O'Connor, president of the Nation
al Foundation for infantile Paraly-
sis, who had given Truman a re-
port on the present critical situa.
tion which emphasized that "only
through an overwhelmingly sue
cessful March of Dimes" will the
foundation be able to fulfill its
obligations to the people.
On Jan. Is the 1851 March OF
Dimes will be launched throughout
the nation. O'Connor has said that
at least $50 million must be raised
in that drive to carry on the ma
tional foundations program of pat
lent care, scientific research and
education. Speaking of this need
President Truman said:
"The tragic news that this nation
once again has suffered a wide
spread and serious epidemic of in
fantile paralysis deeply concerns
all Americans. The fact that the
last years have seen the greatest
epidemic of this disease in our his
tory enormously increases the bur
dens Of the National Foundation
for Infantile Paralysis, which de-
pends for its support upon the vol
untary contributions of millions Of
people throughout the country.
"The fight against infantile par
alysis is everybody's fight. Because
people everywhere have been will
ing to help their friends and neigh
bors when polio strikes, no victim
today stands alone. Through groups
of volunteers in every county of
the nation, assistance is given to
all those who have been stricken
and need help. This assistance must
grow because more people now
need it.
Increased support Urgent
at cannot fail to move any Am
erican, as it moves me, to know
that there have been well over
100000 polio patients in the last 3
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1951-01-11

men could become problem in the
future because the government
owns most of the $500 ships in the
US merchant fleet (ncluding up
wards of 1000 in the laid-up fleet).
If a great number of laid-up ships
are activated, will their crews be
government employees or empolyes
of the shipping firms which chart
er the ships?
In the past, crews have always
been held to be private employees,
but the unions know that there is
always a movement afoot-espec-
tally among the military-to put
the crews in government service if
not actually in the Navy, thereby
weakening the unions strength.
Meanwhile, the firms which chart
er the ships always operate them
at private profit. Cochrane indi-
Gated that past practice would be
followed.
The unions also urged the gov
ernment to go slow on starting up
training schools for merchant
seamen until seamen now on the
beach and eX-seamen are employed.
Beyond the present job problem,
the unions fear that the schools
will be used to spread anti-union
sentiment as they say they have
been on past occasions.
Cochrane said that the hiring
hall, hard core of seagoing union
ism, wasn't on the agenda. How
ever, union leaders reported pri-
vately that they told the Admiral
and officials from other federal
agencies present that they intend
ed to keep their hiring halls as they
did throughout World War II.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1951-01-11

hour week or 45-hour week for
some of the nations 100000 gov
ernment employees. Unless the law
is changed, those covered by the
present wage-hour law would have
to be paid time and a half for work
over 40 hours.
As President Truman signed the
weakened excess profits tax man.
euvered into law by the Dixiecrat-
Republican coalition, he noted that
some of the provisions "give an
undue advantage to some corpora
tions, especially in relation to the
tax burdens borne by others. Ex-
cessive exemptions and relief pro-
visions create inequities and re-
duce the governments revenues
needlessly." He warned that the
defense program would mean "still
more and much heavier" taxes.
Sen. Walter F. George Cd, GaD,
chairman of the Senate Finance
Committee, evidently disagreed as
to the "inequities". He said, 1--WE
have a tax structure now in fair
balance" He added that "any sub
stantial increase in taxes would
have to come proportionately out
of all classes Of taxpayers" Which,
translated, sounds like increases
not only in individual income taxes,
but such added levies as excise
taxes-another name for sales
taxes.