davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08
Extra Push Needed Settle Strike Demonstrated in Transit Teup
Coils for Settlement
Have Added Vigor
When Public Speuks

Icept the settlement terms. Among
the terms were:
l. A pay increase of Is cents an
hour. This brought the pay Of
operators to $1.70 an hour and
of incorporating employees to
$1.83. This was one of the easiest
points Of agreement.
Both Sides Conceded
2. A job security clause written
into the contract. The union was
guaranteed seniority rights in hir-
ing and firing. The company still
controls hiring. To be rehired,
employees must indicate their avail
ability each so days, and they will
be kept on the rehiring list for a
year. The union wanted it for
five years. Both sides conceded
here.
3. Fringe payments totaling
cents an hour extra. These will
be spread to cover pensions, vaca-
ton, holidays and sick leave.
4. A pension increase of $40 a
month, making the total now $40
for all with Is years service. The
company's position that it should
run for three years, and the
unions position that it should be
for only a year, were compromised
when the final agreement placed
it at two years.
S. Three weeks of paid vaca-
tons after 10 years Of service.
The old provision had been for
three weeks for employees with IS
years service.
The speed with which the con-
tract was settled, once the strike
began. reflects the force Of the
pressure for a settlement. The
public and officials, optimistic
while the streetcars were running.
clamored for a settlement when
the service stopped.
The union claimed resounding
victory in the new contract.
The company statement was
that the contract would be costly.
and that an increase in fares
would be sought through the Pub
lie Utilities Commission. It was
believed the plan would call for
retaining the straight Is cents
cash fare-instituted a year ago
and eliminating the 81 weekly
passes and the sale of tokens at
3 for 40 cents.
/ The company said the brief
strike had cost $4,000 in rev.
Ienue, and $130,O00 in wages for
the employees.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08

'gether. A few hours before the
strike deadline Of midnight, June
30. District Commissioner F.
Joseph Donohue and Cyrus S.
Ching, 75-year-old iron horse Of
the mediation service. lent their
efforts. But settlement was not
reached, and the strike began at
midnight.
Mediation sessions. lengthy and
tedious, continued through Sum
day and Monday. AS the strike
went on. pressure mounted for a
settlement.
Mr.. Donohue said that, in his
opinion. compulsory arbitration
was the only solution. On Capitol
Hill, there were angry demands for
compulsory arbitration. Two bills
seeking to force arbitration were
introduced.
An indignant public added its
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08

international Rescue Committee
and 100000 to the International
Press Institute.
Under study are nearly 100 prof.
Iects. embracing aid to the Schu-
man plan, world codification of
commercial law, UNIVERSAL disarma-
ment and settlement of displaced
persons.
Medical grants are not being
considered because the founda-
ton at present is limited to prof.
ectS for which public or other pri-
vate funds are not readily avail
able.
Hoffman draws salary of S70,-
900 and his combined staff repre-
sents probably 100000 worth Of
talent. Educators believe it took
$50. 900 to lure Hutchins away from
Chicago.
Hoffman O Busy Mon
Despite the salary-S50, 900
lllOlC year tildIl TIC SOC 1IOIU
IECA-Hoffman says he wasn't too
keen about the position when
Henry Ford II first approached
him.
Il told young Henry We would
have to have the best brains avail
able if those Understanding goals
were to be realized" Hoffman
recalled. Il told him you're going
to be lucky if you are right one
time out of three.
| Hoffman took the job when
young Ford assured him that he
would have a free hand to pick
his own men and courses Of &C
ton. and could locate his Office
in his old home town, Pasadena.
| The trouble is that Hoffman,
man addicted to reaching goals
has been too busy chasing
courses of action" to enjoy Pasa-
dena. He's been away from home
most of the time since January l.
Distributed by the Associated Press)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08
BohIen's Counsel May Be Decisive Factor

had general charge of functioning
of the military assistance pro-
gram. In that job he has been
an administrator, as we'll as ad-
wiser to Ambassador David Bruce.
AS yet the military assistance pro-
gram has not been a magnificent
success. But Bohlen was released
from that job before any large
scale international bowling began.
Second, for the last several
months he has been one of the
delegates to the deputy foreign
minister talks, trying to work out
a program for a four-power con-
ference. Here again he was not
the principal figure in a confer
ence which drew increasing criti-
cism for it's failure to get any place
before it finally collapsed.
Bie-Time Diplomacy
He manages to look trim all the
time, although he is no athlete.
He plays a little tennis, some golf.
He has the air of a man of dis
tinction" with a sense of humor.
There is no gray in his hair,
When he was counsellor before,
he had extremely good relations
with Congress. He speaks diplo-
mat English with Harvard gloss,
but it never irritated members of
Congress who often are bit wary
of such manners of speech. .
Breaks like the conferences in
Moscow, Teheran, Yalta, and later
four-power talks such as in Lon
don and Paris come to few men.
Bohlen fell heir to all of them.
He has been in the "big time"
in diplomacy since he first crossed
the seas with Roosevelt in 1914 to
see Stain, yet at At, he is pretty
young, as diplomats go.
Only now is he moving into ter
ritory where the going will be
tougher, where criticism Is more
likely to be directed at him if
things go wrong. Big decisions
must be made in coming months
and he will be in on the making.
At least he will start on the job
without faint Of previous failure.
distributed By the Associated Prsss)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08

wanted It written into the con-
tract for three years, as 1t had
been in previous contracts. The
union. apparently hoping for even
greater improvement next year,
wanted it for only one year.
The widest disagreement was
on the seniority rights of en-
ployes. There had been nothing
touching on this in previous con-
tracts. The union and the COM
pany had resolved any possible
differences in the conferences
apart from the contract. Now the
union wanted it included in the
written agreement.
They wanted their members
assured that their service with the
company would be given recogni-
ton when layoffs came. The
union wanted the older employees
spared. When rehiring was done,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08

the union wanted those who
had been fired put back on the
payroll before any new employees
were taken on.
The company argued that this
had been the general practice,
wherever possible, but that in all
cases it was not possible. They
said any written agreement on
firing and rehiring would be in
fringing on the rights of manage
ment.
Donohue and Ching Try
The union wanted the issues in
dispute submitted to arbitration
The company. contending that
arbitration would begin at the
point they considered their top
offers refused.
Federal mediators tried, to no
avail, to bring the parties to-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08
Agreement Seemed
Close, but Not
Close Enough
By jack Jonas

The impact of last weeks
transit strike came suddenly te
Washington area residents.
Pensions and security and arbi-
tration were vague terms in the
minds Of most. The immediate
reality was the thumb in the air
for q ride, the battle for q park
ing place, and the long crawl
home.
Most were unaware, until the
final few days, that there was
a new contract to be written be-
tween the union and the Capital
Transit Co. It seemed that they
had just finished reading about
it when they were in the middle
of the walkout.
And then, almost as abruptly as
it had begun, the strike ended.
Why was there a strike at all?
The parties were close to agree
ment on all issues. To the sore
footed public, it seemed that the
brevity of the walkout indicated
a lack of sincerity on both sides.
The answer lay In the fact that.
while agreement was close, it was
not close enough. It needed a
little extra push. little extra
pressure on both the union and
the company to bring them to a
point where their disagreements
could be resolved.
Dispute Of Long Stonding
With the streetcars and buses
running, this pressure was not
needed. With the strike in prog
ress, it came rapidly.
The dispute had been brewing
for long time. The issues were
debated in private for months be-
fore they were laid in front of the
public. In these preliminary dis
cussions, many of the minor
points were ironed out.
Unlike most labor disputes,
wages were not a principal issue.
1t is true that the union had
asked an increase Of 80 cents an
hour, and the company had Of
fered Is. But the give and take
on that issue was enough to set
tile the wage question before the
strike began.
The real trouble arose over the
pension plan. and the laying off
and rehiring of employees.
Even on the pension plan, how
ever, there was general agreement
on terms. But the company
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08

lay will be a conn., IA lvely mod
est SIS million. Allotments to
date total $15.3 million, mostly for
educational purposes.
1--WE are just getting warmed
up," Mr.. Hoffman says. Substan-
tiaf grants in the field of inter-
national relations are expected
this summer.
What's it like. giving away rs
million dollars a year?
Even to Hoffman, who doleo
out 10 billion for ECA in two ano
one-half years, its a strange
business.
He explained it this way at g
conference:
I'VE are not investment bank.
ers, nor are we operators. We
wish to find competent subcon-
tractors. The foundation will
operate through existing institu-
tons or those we create. We
wish to remain wholesalers anc
not get into the retail end"
Five Brood Areas
Here Hutchins put in: Our
slogan is people don't apply to
foundations - foundations apply
to people"
But that doesn't keep the APP
plications from pouring in. More
than $50 requests totaling $500
million have been received since
the foundation set up shop here
last January 1.
I The foundation. established
from the estates of the late Henry
and EdSel Ford, includes SO pei
cent of the ownership (3,089,90s
non-voting stock shares Of the
Ford Motor Co. It dwarfs the
previous goliaths in the philan-
thropic field. the Rockefeller ane
Carnegie organizations. The
Rockefeller Foundation has assets
valued at more than 1925 million
The Carnegie Corp. of New York
has assets worth about $50 mil
! lion.
! A special study committee out.
lined five broad areas for Fore
Foundation work: World peace
democracy, economic welfare, edu.
cation and scientific studies deal.
ing with human and social con-
duct.
To Mr.. Hoffman these are moi
abstract terms. His bedrock ap.
proach:
1.-THE best way to promote I'm.
derstanding of America and it.
freedom is through deeds. Ths
words can follow later"
AT 81, Hoffman's right-hand
man, DR.. Hutchins, is somewhat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08

voice. There were calls from all
sides for q settlement.
Monday, the pressure was felt
in the mediation meetings. Both
the union and the company be-
gan. gradually. to concede from
their previous stands.
Extra Push Enough
The extra push was enough. At
$40 am. Tuesday, after sessions
which had continued virtually un-
interrupted since 1880 am. the
day before. Mr.. Ching, still going
strong when his colleagues were
limp and exhausted, announced
that an agreement had beer
reached.
! All that remained was approval
by the union members, and the
members voted 1897 to 48 to &C
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08


Ipedagogues into a tizzy with his
innovations at the University of
Chicago for two decades. Hoff-
man. a former Chicago board
member, says Hutchins was the
first man he thought of when the
search began for "the best brains
available"
Education Needs Proddine
In his new post, Hutchins is still
the push-ahead visionary.
1.-The object of the Ford founda-
tion," he declares, lis to help sup
port those experiments which give
some promise of achieving the
true ends of education" To him,
lit is clear that, though this coun-
try does not lack trained hands,
| it does suffer from want of re-
sponsible citizens"
He. believes United States edu-
cation needs to be prodded at both
ends Bright young students
should be encouraged to move
ahead. More opportunities should
be given adults to continue
studies.
Most of the subjects which
might help us to become intelli-
gent citizens can be fully compre-
hended only by adults" Hutchins
holds. ITO study economics. poll
tics. history and literature in
youth and never study them again
/ is never to comprehend them"
The foundation has set up two
funds to achieve Hutchins' goals:
The Fund for the Advancement of
Education, headed by DR.. Clarence
H. Faust, formerly of Stanford
University, and the Fund for
Adult Education. headed by c.
Scott Fletcher. ex-president of
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films.
| Faust's fund hopes to ease the
military service versus college ten
sion with special scholarships for
bright students under 1872. Boys
or girls younger than that in the
top 20 per cent of their class can
Jump right out of high school, re-
Igardless of the grade they're in,
and go to any one of nine colleges
or universities under the funds
1912 million program.
Teacher FelIowships
Hutchins would like to see the
program expanded to reach all of
the Nations top high school stu
dents.
Hoffman backs up this stream
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08

aul o
Co-opeat a
tor
are C. III il.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08
Hoffman Hopes
Ii Will Be VitoI
As Marshall Plan
By Bill Becker

PASADENA, Calif.-The largest
private money-giving organiza-
ton the world has ever known
the $500 million Fore Founda-
tion-is getting up steam to throw
its capitalistic weight into win
ming the peace.
An old hand at fighting COM
munism with a well placed
dollar is at the controls. Founda-
ton President Paul G. Hoffman,
former head of the Economic Co.
operation Administration. hopes
the automobile millions ultimately
may prove as vital as the Marshall
Plan billions.
Our scope can be much broad
er than ECA's," he says. "ECA
helps economies; we aim help
social and cultural understanding
between nations"
Two Main ChonneIs
Sixty-year -old Hoffman, vigor-
GUS as q college. fullback, Is
plugging peace as hard as he
previously sold Studebakers and
the American way of doing busi-
ness. He and a team of dis
tinguished aides, includ g former
Chancellor RI bert, Maynard
Hutchins of the University of
Chicago, are steering initial prof.
ects into two main channels:
Peace promotion and the relief
of tensions at home.
The foundations flrSt-year out
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08

lining idea: Under present world
conditions, it's important that
boys, by the time they're 10, un-
derstand what the responsibilities
of freedom are and have the back
ground to meet them"
The Faust fund also is putting
So, 250.0O0 into fellowships for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-08
Teacher FeIIowships

Hutchins would like to see the
program expanded to reach all Of
the Nations top high school stu
dents.
Hoffman backs up this stream
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1951-05-03
Turtles Once Weighed a Ton

On the equator west Of Ecuador
lies the Galapagos Islands group,
its name being Spanish for it giant
land tortoises, now close to ex-
tinction because of mems raids.
The ages o, some have been es-
timated to approach their weight,
often more than 300 pounds. Some
70 miles west OF Key West, Florida,
the seven Dry Tortugas islets like
wise bear a Spanish name meaning
turtle. When II comes to sheer size,
the leatherback leads living turtle
species. In 1923, l,286-pound
leatherback eight feet long was
captured off California. Later, Van.
couver Island waters produced a
1,45O-pound specimen. Archelon, q
shell dweller OF million years ago,
grew u feet long and weighed more
than one ton. A skeleton, shell and
all, is on display in Yale's Peabody
Museum. The green sea turtle,
favored for soup, reaches a max.
imum Of about 300 pounds.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1951-05-03

The American soybean associa-
ton which publishes THE Soybean
Digest" believes that the great mid
west area is inadequately repre-
scented in congress at present.
Says the Digest published at Hud-
son, Iowa, The great midwest area
is direly in need of an agricultural
statesman man who is the
kind of leader around whom men,
bers OF congress and farm organi-
cations might rally when the &C.
casion presents itself. He should
be first of all, enough OF states
man to represent all the people of
the nation He must be strong.
reliable, broadminded man Of deci-
sion and action. The farmer Of the
midwest is very inadequately rep
resented in Washington at the pres
ent. Members of congress from tina.
area are without strong man
about whom they can rally"
Right now, this -eporter cannot
think Of any one in'congress from
the midwest, who stacks up to the
Digest measuring stick.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1951-05-03
New Theory Found
For Cancer Formation

A ''deletion" theory OF the forma-
ton OF cancer was described by
Harold P. Rusch, MD. director Of
the McArdle memorial laboratory
for cancer research in the Univer.
sity Of Wisconsin medical school
The theory is based on studies oil
cancer formation induced by a class
Of chemicals called azo dyes, &C.
cording to Professor RuSch. These
cancer-forming chemicals have
been shown TO delete" protein from
the livers OF test animals, destroy.
ing the tissue cells ability to carry
out some Of the specialized func.
tons Of normal liver cells. The af
fected cells, however, can still
grow and multiply-and, according
to the theory, they are the cancer
cells. Most Of the infectious dis
eases are curable." Professor Rusch
says. Diabetes can be controlled:
yellow fever was conquered In a
few years; in the recent war DOT
quickly stopped the spread Of ty'
plus: other problems have been
worked out by science-why not
cancer? Simply because the key
has not been found. Bacteria and
viruses responsible for infectious
diseases have been isolated. studied,
and often the disease reproduced
In animals. With these methods II
is possible TO survey the inhibiting
effect OF a large number OF com.
pounds"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1951-05-03
Sandy Spring Neighborhood
Mrs. Mahlon Kirk Nv Ashton 4156

play the Viola with the National
Junior Symphony Orchestra in
it's concert on May 7 at Con-
stitution Hall, conducted by How
ard Mitchell.
Mrs. Edwin B. Morris of Be-
thesda entertained at luncheon for
Mrs. Margaret Welsh of Rockville,
at her home on Monday. Those
from here who were invited were
Mrs. Douglas Farquhar, Mrs.
William John Thomas, Miss Alice
Farquhar, and Mrs. Elgar Stab
Ter.
The Senior Class Play, Nothing
but the Truth, directed by Mrs.
Lester was held at Sherwood on
Friday evening. Those in the cast
were Frank Kemp, Fred Dallam,
Kenneth Cooper, Walter Wright,
George Goodwin, Clarita Watkins,
Lynn Snyder, Beverly Berlage,
Barbara Daley, Ann McLaury,
and Eloise Reed.
Mr.. and Mrs. Edward Snowden
entertained about twenty-five Of
their friends informally on Sunday
afternoon in honor of their daught-
er, Mrs. R. F. Boquet of Baton
Rouge, La. Mrs. Boquet and her
daughter, Sandra, have been house
guests of the Snowden's for several
weeks.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1951-05-03

How research on everything from
bolts TO storm drains is helping cut
highway costs and improving roads
and bridges was told by four en-.
gineers from the University Of Hi.
nois and one from the Illinois state
highway division. Among University
of Illinois research projects re
ported we're: Cheaper drainage in
let CRATES, saving hundreds OF thou
sands Of dollars. Better drain catch
basins, the small savings on each
multiplied by thousands Of installa
tons. A soil manual, OF inestimable
aid in planning highway construc.
ton, Better and more economical
design Of bridges. Use Of bolts in
stead of rivets. offering considera
BILE savings on small and remote
bridges and their maintenance.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1951-05-03
TWIN BROOK
NEWS
Charles S. Hamm

The Twin Brook Citizens Asso-
citation will hold it's regular
monthly meeting at the home of
Hugh Gingery, 1900 Ardennes
Avenue, on Monday evening May
81. Refreshments will be served
and Fairgrounds and Equipment
will be among the topics discussed.
The American Legion (Be-
thesda-C Chevy Chase Post) held a
Shrimp Feast last Saturday at the
Legion Home on Rockville Pike.
Many Twin Brook residents en-
joyed this affair.
Edgar HASTE will leave for duty
in the Navy this week. He will
work as an electronic specialist.
Mrs. Albert Waddington is
spending a few days with her par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Dougherty
of Scipio, New York.
Linda Ann Wilson, daughter of
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Wilson, was
christened last Sunday at the
Christ Church in Rockville. The
Godparents were Valentine C. Will
son, Mrs. Strod A. Book and Mrs.
j. w. Kraft.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph d. Kavan-
augh spent Sunday with Mrs. Kav-
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1951-05-03

anaugh's parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Wilbur Duval of Westminster. Mrs.
Kavanaugh's grandmother, Mrs.
Emma Moore also of Westminster
is spending several weeks here.
Kavin Patric Murray infant son
of Mr.. and Mrs. Harry d. Murray
was baptized recently at st.
Mary's Church. Godparents were
Mr.. and Mrs. Edward j. Murphy
of Arlington. After the ceremony
there was a reception at the MUIR
ray home attended by 60 guests.
The Canasta Club met Friday
evening at the home of Mrs. H. w.
Murphy. In attendance were Mrs.
Thomas L. Wise, Mrs. A. G. Free
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1951-05-03
Tree Planting Too Slow

April 10 was the 10th anniver-
sary of the first Arbor Day, with
the tree-planting movement in the
country stronger than ever before.
Agriculture department reports last
year a half million acres were
planted to trees, of which 80 per
cent was by private individuals and
organizations. But about go million
privately owned acres and four mill
lion acres in national forests need
planting, which at present rate of
reforestation would take a 100 years.