davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-07-02
No Place for Discrimination

The decision of the District Graduate Nurses
Association to admit qualified Negro nurses to
membership is in line with growing recognition
Of the principle that care of the sick should not
be circumscribed by color or creed distinctions
The District Medical Society, the Arlington
Medical Society and other medical organizations
have accepted this principle as a result of recent
referenda among their members. So, too, has
the American Nurses Association, with which
the Washington group is affiliated. 1t is but
logical that the local association Of graduate
nurses should join in what is becoming an ac-
celerated movement, even in the South
The District associations board of directors
approved membership applications of % colored
nurses after recent poll of the membership re-
suited in a 719-to-541 vote in favor Of the plan.
Most Of these nurses are employed at Freedmens
Hospital or by the District Health Departments
Evening star., 1951-07-02

Dear Sir:
One morning while returning from
beyond the District line, my husband
and were amazed at a white bird that
flew in front of our car.
LAS it landed in tree by the road
side. we stopped the car to search for it.
1T was the size and shape Of q robin
and we wanted to make sure.
1T new across the road from the tree.
and as 1t new 1t gave the robin cheep.
There it gathered mud and returned
to the tree
Searching farther. we saw the nest
"A white robin!
"One OF the thrills Of lifetime. AS
I do not want the bird molested, am
not giving the location to any one.
Sincerely. G. L. c."
h X
There are supposed to be about half
a dozen white robins in and around the
District of Columbia every year.
Spread out through this territory
they naturally strike each beholder as
unique.
That. really, is what they are, in a
sense.
Albino forms Of birds are rare enough
to excite interest.
Often the albino robins are not all
white, but only partly 80. with some red
or vestige Of 1t left on the wings, or
breast. .--.-.--.---..,..- ...--. g.
Evening star., 1951-07-02
This and That

Sparrows often are part white. with
patches on the wings and tail. 1t is
not often that one sees a true albino
sparrow.
The black form, called melanistic, is
really rare.
There are melanistic squirrels, but
these are simply color phases Of the
regular gray squirrel.
Gray squirrels resent the black forms
and tend to chase them away.
Probably ordinary robins dislike the
white robins, but certainly their mates
seem to see no difference.
1t is probably good thing not to tell
the whereabouts Of albino birds. F.
Still too many persons regard the un-
usual as just something to poster, not
to admire.
This goes through all forms OF life,
including lordly man. -
Sometimes we forget how we all bow
down to the usual.
We were talking to Templeton Jones
the other day about this and he had
some views Of his own.
Suppose" he said, II wanted to show
how people dislike the unusual. what
would do?"
Knowing Jones, we said nothing.
His idea. 1t turned out, was devastat-
insly simple.
Evening star., 1951-07-02

Bureau Of Public Health Nursing. The pro-
fessional problems of these nurses are in all
respects similar to those which face white nurses.
Under the new policy the coored nurses will
have the opportunity to share in the association S
discussions of nursing problems, both of techni-
cal and economic nature. There is no good reason
why Negro nurses should have been excluded
from these beneficial conferences.
Actually the associations constitution con-
tanned no bar to Negroes, the only prerequisite
to membership being professional qualifications
according to established standards in the gradu-
ate nursing field But in the past the associations
board of directors never has found a colored
nurse qualified" for membership The new
policy is based on the enlightened doctrine that
there is no place for racial discrimination IN
medicine
Evening star., 1951-07-02
Outlook in Korea

The enemy has responded to General Ridg-
ways cease-fre proposal in way that indicates
there should be no great difficulty in bringing
about an early end to the fighting and dying in
Korea. If all goes well from this point on, If
negotiations can establish firm guarantees against
armistice violations, the danger of full-scale
war in Asia war that could lead to total
world conflict-wl be markedly lessened as far
as the immediate future is concerned. To that
extent therefore, despite the Reds curious re-
quest to delay the talks until July 10-15-a delay
that may involve some subterfuge-there is more
justification now than at any time in over year
for cautiously hopeful attitude toward the
long-range outlook for peace everywhere
In their reply to General Ridgway. the Korean
Reds and the Chinese Communist volunteers"
have proposed that the cease-fire negotiations be
held "in the of Kaesong on the 38th Parallel"
instead of on hospital ship of Wonsan, as Sug-
gested by the United Nations commander. They
hold Kaesong, and they presumably want the
talks to take place there for saving reasons
or because they feel that the U. N. would gain
some kind of special advantage II the meeting
were staged off Wonsan, which Is 80 miles north
Of the Parallel. This seems to be an issue Of
relatively minor importance, however, and
there ought to be little trouble in settling it
satisfactorily.
II the Communists are really in earnest about
cease-fire talks-and they appear to be In earnest
one of the big initial problems will revolve
around guaranteeing against the danger Of their
using an armistice to refresh themselves and
build up surreptiously for sudden resumption Of
their aggression. Strict surveillance-by air and
other means-would thus seem to be absolutely
essential to a satisfactory agreement. Beyond
that, of course, the agreement would derive added
force and durability from the fact that the enemy
must know that If he signed 1t and then treach-
erously broke it, the response Of the U. N would
almost certainly take the form Of massive
counteraction of the sort that has been advocated
by General Macarthur.
AS for the long-range outlook-the situation
following a cease-dre and armiStice-it would be
wishful to expect any swift progress toward the
U. MS ultimate objective Of erasing the partition
along the 38th Parallel and establishing Korea
as united and genuinely independent land.
Nevertheless, given real end to the bloody war
fare there, there will be at least some reason to
hope for slow but steady advances toward sound
settlement offering no reward to the aggressor
and signifying an important victory for the idea
of collective security against lawless dominance
seeking governments. More than that II the free
nations keep on building up their strength, the
Red totalitarians may be permanently deferred
from undertaking new drives Of conquest. In
that sense, the Korean story may in fact prove
to be great and bright historic turning point in
mankinds age-old struggle to achieve an endur
ing peace
Evening star., 1951-07-02
Suburbonite Defends Rich Farmers

The cartoon in The Sunday Star, June
a. portrays the average city dweller's
opinion that farmers are getting rich
fast at the expense of the urban popula-
ton. and are largely responsible for the
ever rising cost Of living.
This almost incredibly erroneous i'm
preston in regard to farmers incomes
and the relation of farm prices to in
fation is due chiefly to the fact that
farmers have been careless and inept in
getting the truth of the matter before
the public. while press agents of certain
highly organized urban groups have
obviously had their orders to do q
thorough. professional job Of smearing
the farmers. Their motives in doing this
are not particularly obscure. They want
high wages and cheap food; and they
want to conceal their own heavy respon-
sibility as contributors to imitation, be-
hind a smoke screen of criticism and
Misrepresentation of farmers.
In the interest of fairness and honesty,
will you permit me to present few
simple facts. which anyone can easily
verify If he cares to; and to ask few
simple questions to show what Is the
truth about farmers and farm eco
nomics?
In 1910. approximately 40qs of the
total population was rural That percent
age has declined steadily until now only
1852 of our people live on farms. It is
still declining as people continue to leave
their farms and migrate to the cities.
Would they do that if life were so much
easier and wealth so much more abun-
dant and easily won on the farm, as is
being represented?
No honest person will deny that
farmers have enjoyed incomes since 1941
which were unprecedented for them. So
have many others. This improvement in
the farmers lot has enabled them to
make long needed Improvements, to pay
of their debts and even put some money
into the bank. Why shouldn't they?
Farmers are people, too, and are en-
titled to a fair reward for their effort
and decent standard Of living as much
as city folk. Now, for the first time in the
memory OF this generation, the average
farmer Is receiving about the same in
come as the average industrial worker.
Why shouldn't hep Furthermore,
Evening star., 1951-07-02
Communists and Communism

Your editorial comments in regard to
arrest OF certain Communist leaders in
this country were pertinent and to the
point. There are no facts to substantiate
belief that arrest and Imprisonment of
leaders of a legal political party will in
any way change the course of history
or reduce membership in that particular
party. The gesture, whatever the motives,
appears hysterical and futile. an exact
parallel to the infamous Palmer raids
after World War I.
We have been SO busy since World
War II restricting and prosecuting racial
and political minorities, from colored
citizens to Jehovah's Witnesses and other
radicals. that we have not had time to
eyaluate our own Government and weigh
its virtues against its faults. For ex-
ample. there are millions Of Americans
who do not feel American troops should
be in Korea. millions who do not feel
we should be blackjacked into supporting
q totalitarian Israeli dictatorship as op-
posed to an Arab dictatorship: millions
who still feel that Spain is fascist
dictatorship and should receive no A.
nancial or moral support from demo-
cratic nations; millions who are against
segregation of any kind. in any public
place or in any section Of the country.
We. who are opposed to conservative
estimates OF what constitutes a good
citizen. are perfectly able to arrive at
our conclusions without beneft of
Communist propaganda. II We do not
like Senator Mccarthy the House Com
mittee Investigating Un-American Ac-
tivities or the National Association of
Manufacturers, it is because we consider
the above are themselves guilty Of un-
American activities and are actively op-
posed to the principles upon which this
Government was founded.
We are arresting Communist leaders.
but we are doing nothing to arrest the
causes Of communism; in fact. I would
say that every so-called patriotic"
organization in the United States, by
intolerant racial and class prejudices
were doing all they could to promote
communism. Take 1t from there, Nc
Carthy!
J. Wilbur Potherby.
Evening star., 1951-07-02

,tions. rather than by strict justice, and
that some one has told them that
farmers cast only 1857 of the vote?
There is one more question. Industrial
wages have risen sharply since 194l and
since 1945. In terms of wages, food prices
are not even now unreasonably high
Can you imagine any of the stabilizers
ordering 20% rollback on the wages of
coal miners steel workers or any other
group that has done pretty well wage
wise in recent times? And If such a thing
were so much as suggested, can you
imagine what John L. Lewis, Philip
Murray and William Green would say?
This is no brief for imitation. BY all
means let us stop imitation If we can;
and we can If we really want to. We shall
not stop imitation so long as a powerful
majority sees At to keep it and make use
OF 1t to exploit weak minority. Let's be
honest and intelligent about 1t. In the
end, imitation harms everyone. BENEFITS
no one.
Dean NJ Jockman
Evening star., 1951-07-02
Places to PIuy

am getting fed up with articles
relative to juvenile delinquency being
caused, among other things. by lack of
places to play: that boys have no space
but the alleys, etc.
have been home owner in a neigh
borhood formerly considered very nice,
for over 30 years. Recently it has been
taken over by lot of Negro boys, new
residents, who seem to take delight in
playing in the alleys back of our homes.
They have nice yards, the same as ours,
but they seem to prefer to annoy us in
our yards. Last night two of them
entered garage next to me and were
actually playing on top of the owners
automobile until caught.
My contention is that many boys
would rather play in the alleys and
streets, and if parents do not care where
their children are, no amount Of play
ground space can cure delinquency or
rowdyism in certain element.
Home Owner.
Evening star., 1951-07-02
But the Reasons Are Not Good Enouqh

The transit company has a number of good
reasons for opposing arbitration of matters in
dispute with the striking union.
The company feels it has offered, in wages
and other benefits more than its earnings justify
II the offer was accepted by the union, however,
another boost in fares would doubtless follow and
pay the freight. But from past experience the
company feels that If the wage issue were arbi-
trated, the arbiters would take the highest offer
made by the company as starting point in
seeking compromise figure between the COM
pany's highest offer and the unions lowest
demand and this compromise figure would be
more than the company believes the traffic will
stand.
The company feels the union is using Its
demand for arbitration as tactic under which
the union may gain considerably at the expense
of the company but stands to lose nothing OF
Importance. The company feels in addition,
that it cannot in good faith submit the seniority
issue to arbitration as decision in that field
favorable to the union would tie the company's
hands in exercising the responsibility OF prudent
management.
These are good reasons for opposing arbitra-
ton. But they are not good enough.
Having reached an impasse with the union,
after sincere effort to find agreement there is
nothing left for the company but to submit the
issues in controversy to a disinterested third
party and let nature take its course. refusal
to arbitrate by public utility corporation, where
the interests of the public must prevail, is as
indefensible on the part of management as it
would be on the part of the union.
The Government will have to step in now
and take over, by one expedient or another, and
restore the service necessary for its orderly func-
tioning in the Capital 1t cannot permit itself
to be made the unhappy victim Of a long drawn
out battle between the company and the union,
with decision in that battle resting on whether
the company or the union loses the most.
The public, in this case, is losing the most
and requires protection.
Evening star., 1951-07-02
Mothers
J. Wilbur Potherby.

Mother. mother, where is mother?
This is the cry Of our youth of today.
Having come in contact with thousands
OF children through work in our public
schools, I know something about the
shameful neglect of some of our present.
day mothers.
Many Of our children, because of So
called economic pressure or just money!
mad mothers, have the door key strung
about their necks. Most Of their day is
spent without proper guidance. The
children must be their own judges of
right and wrong.
Which is more important: Real home
life Of yesteryear. where mother was
ever present in the home; or the hustle
hustle life Of mothers seldom at home?
Children are curious as are all crea-
lures. They hunger and thirst for thrills
and adventure. The chance of trying out
Evening star., 1951-07-02

farmers do not simply reap and sell
what a bountiful nature gives them
without cost. Instead. they operate about
as does any other producer Of goods.
They pay taxes. They may hire help.
They buy fertilizer. gasoline, machinery
building materials, fencing, coal, cloth
ing and (believe it or noD food. They
must buy all these things in order to
produce those from which they derive
their own income. During World War II
they learned that Notwithstanding eco
nomic controls, they had to pay higher
and higher prices for everything they
bought. if they could get it at all. It is
the same now
Why then do We have price ceilings
and rollbacks for farm produce Farmers
wages). while industrial labor keeps
demanding ever higher and higher
wages and the stabilizers keep finding
one pretext after another for granting
them? Could 1t possibly be that the
stabilizers and the price controllers
are Influenced by political considera-
Evening star., 1951-07-02
Conflict Over the Woodbridge Wreck

Findings of the New Jersey State Board OF
Public Utility Commissioners will be OF no help
to Middlesex County authorities in their prosecu-
tion of the Pennsylvania Railroad on extraordl-
nary charges of Staying" the IS victims OF the
Woodbridge New Jersey, wreck last February
After long and thorough investigation OF the
tragedy-which is something which the Middle
sex grand jury did not take time to make-the
State board has exonerated the company of re-
sponslbility for the crash. The blame was put
souarely on the engineer for falling to heed
company showdown orders
The board specifically declared that the ab-
sence of a special signal in the area OF tenn
porary bypass near woodbridge had nothing to
do with the accident. The MiddleSex prosecutor
had asserted that such a signal would have pre-
vented the wreck. Apparently this was the basis
of the grand jury's tiple-indictment charg-
ing that the railroad did "feloniousy kill and
say" its passengers with force and arms" But
the State board found that even had such
signal been in place it evident from the
engineers testimony that the crash would nave
occurred anyway The engineer had asserted he
applied the brakes as he approached the bypass
and supposed he down to Is miles an hour
as required by the conpanys special order
when the train left the rails. Actually, the board
found the train was travelling go or IS miles an
hour at the time The State investigators found
nothing wrong with the train equipment or the
track.
However the board made number OF rec
concentrations in the interest of safety, includ-
ing closer supervision of operating personnel,
installation of flags or other signals at temporary
structures and provision of automatic speed-con-
troll equipment "as promptly as possible" The
Interstate Commerce Commission previously had
recommended the automatic controls, and the
railroad had announced shortly after the acci-
dent that 1t would spend $40 million on such con-
trolls on 1900 miles of track, with priority given
to the New York division.
The evidence on which the MiddleseX grand
jury issued SO-odd criminal indictments against
the railroad remains to be disclosed. The cases
are scheduled to come up in court next Septem-
ber 1t is hard to believe, however, that the
grand jury, after only two weeks of inquiry, could
have uncovered any substantial facts not found
by the State board after two months of hearings
and two months more of examination of the
evidence.
Evening star., 1951-07-02
School Segregation

Current suits seeking a ban on segre-
gated schools are causing turmoil In the
minds of politicians and bigots, who
profit by or exploit segregation, and the
usual run Of timid folk. To listen to
dire predictions Of threatened destruc-
ton of the public school systems of
Virginia and South Carolina or Georgia.
would lead one to think that white and
colored children were segregated in pub
lie schools all over the Nation. Then
there are those who fear this threatened
sudden change. They favor gradualistic
lowering Of the barriers over the years.
In those areas where elimination of
segregation has come about, almost
nowhere have any Of the fears ma
terialized. One reason Is that Negroes,
who for long time have been condi-
toned to accept second-class citizenship
and denied free access to public offer
ings, do not rush in when the gates
open. Some are so thoroughly indoc-
trinated with inferior status that they
will never seek to be where formerly
unWanted.
Just as white and colored children and
adults have adjusted all over the Nation
in areas where formerly there were
racial barriers, right here in Washington
and in Baltimore and in Richmond peo-
pie of good will have been able to with
stand the trouble-makers and live in
peace and mutual respect.
E. b. Henderson,
Vice President, National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People.
Evening star., 1951-07-02
Dean M. Jockmon

was made on the advice of the military
men most competent to Judge the
situation in the light of our military
competency at the time.
Would Mr.. Walsh say that there
would have been the same unanimity
OF approval had 1t been generally known
that the man best posted and most
successful in the handling of Far East
ern affairs had not been consulted?
Roy H. Waite.
Evening star., 1951-07-02
Marshall Mission

Aoui SoAtoAld4 June -, WnaC the
Marshall Mission Did" is in marked
contrast to the many fine and coura-
geous editorials on the Far Eastern
situation which The Star has carried
IN recent months. The editorial in
question glorifies the State Depart
ment's policy with respect to China and
implies that everything there is and has
been sweetness and light.
True. there is cursory mention of
the statements by Macarthur and Wede-
meyer. but apparently only for the pur-
pose OF minimizing their ringing denials
OF the insinuations made by a certain
suave and agile witness tc the effect
that both generals agreed with his pro-
gram for union Of the Nationalists with
the Chinese Communists. The editorial
points out that the proposed union
would have given the Nationalists tthe
legitimate government) a numerical
majority. 1t fails to mention, however,
that similar unions in Eastern Europe
invariably resulted in the Communist
minority swallowing the non Communist
majority.
There is no mention of the bare
faced assertion that Chang was de-
lighted with the Yalta deal-an asser-
tion which suggests the credence to be
placed in other statements emanating
from that source. Nor is there any
reference to the extraordinary pro-
cedure whereby two administration
henchmen Zone ostensibly labeled Re-
publican). hopping obediently on their
wires, demanded an investigation of the
Nationalist China lobby" Nor is there
mention of the disingenuousness with
which the Secretary of State at first
posed as innocently Indifferent, then
pulled from his hat a presidential
authorization for the inquiry!
1t is gratifying that some Army officers
place their allegiance to their country
above that to the petty politicians. As
long as men like Macarthur and Wede-
meyer speak their convictions fearlessly
there is hope for the country.
E. Mclean Johnson
Evening star., 1951-07-02
E. Mclean Johnson.
Decision on Korea

Robert K. Walsh, in an article in
the editorial section of The Sunday
Star. June "a, entitled "At the Time,
Nobody Kicked" makes a good case
as far as he goes, but leaves out one
important factor. i.e that we "Ameri-
cans" and Congress" assumed, quite
naturally, that the decision to oppose
aggression in South Korea with force
Evening star., 1951-07-02
Questions and Answers

The stars readers can set the answer 10
Any question OF fact by either writing The
EVsnlng star information Bureau. 1900 street
NV Wasninston 5, D. G.. and inclosine cents
return postage or o. telephoninE ST 1853.
BY THE HASKN SERVICE.
@. Did DR.. Samuel Mudd who was i'm
prisoned at Fort Jefferson on the Dry
Tortugas for completely in Lincoln's
assassination die in prison?-L. T.
A. DR.. Mudd. who was wrongfully
charged with completely in the assassina-
ton, was eventually pardoned and re-
turned to his farm in Maryland.
@. How long was the longest round
in boxing history?-A. r. P.
A. Ten minutes, in the fight between
Jimmy O'Gatty and Young Packey
Mcfarland at Glens Falls, N. Y, Sep
tember 10. 1920.
@. How much paint does it take each
year to paint the white lines on high
ways--O. P.
A. Approximately million gallons are
required each year to replace white lines
on highways and repaint signs.