davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-03-17
Soviet Penitentiory

The United Nations Social and Economic
Counci-now meeting in Santiago, Chile-once
again has been called upon to try to do some
thing about the Soviet Unions system of slave
labor. This time the call has come from our
American delegation which has offered the same
sort of documentary evidence that other delega-
tions have placed before the Council on a number
Of occasions during the past few years.
There is no reason to doubt the authenticity
of the evidence. The Iron Curtain has not been
able to hide the fact that the Kremlin has long
been applying, on very large scale, body of
gruesome laws specifically designed to "re-edu-
cate" and punish "class-hostile" individuals and
unstable elements among the workers" in an
elaborate and far-ffung network of concentration
camps. Translated into plain language, what
this means is forced labor-slaVe labor reducing
human beings to whipped and ill-fed beasts of
burden-for men and women whose political
frame of mind earns the displeasure of the
one party Red totalitarian state.
Wholly apart from their feloW-victimS in
the satellite countries, these unfortunateS num-
ber in the millions in the Soviet Union alone.
The lowest estimate according to our American
delegation, is at least two or three million, but
other estimates-probaby much more accurate
place the figure in the neighborhood of ten
million, and some run as high as twenty million.
An exact accounting is what our representatives
have asked for at the Chile meeting and they
have therefore proposed the creation of special
UN. commission to make on -the-spot investiga-
tions not only in Russia but wherever else this
type of labor may exist
In effect, the proposal is challenge to the
men of the Kremlin to let the outside world see
how their Marxist Utopia really operates They
will reject it, of course Under their rule, Russia
today is less state than peculiarly cruel peni-
tentiary, where perhaps as much as tenth of
the total working population is slave labor, and
where so-called "free" labor is itself regimented
under disciplinary regulations of the severest
kind. Needless to say, the Stain dictatorship
will never permit the U. N. to come in and take
a look at all this and at how it provides cheap
nanpower for the tyrannical Soviet economy.
Nevertheless, though bound to get nowhere
the American proposal for an investigating COM
mission is to the point, not merely because it
constitutes propaganda that puts the Kremlin on
the spot but also because it dramatzes one of
the basic weaknesses of the Soviet Union-the
weakness of being prison house whose inmates
in great masses, yearn to be free A state like
that, no matter how formidable it may look from
the outside, cannot be genuinely strong. Here
is fact that the free world ought to remember
whenever it has doubts about it's own spiritual
and material Drawn.
Evening star., 1951-03-17
The Tibeton War

report to the New York Times indicates
that the war" between Red China and Tibet
has come to an end Apparently the remote
and fabulous Eimalayan theocracy-the Bud
dhst-ruled roof of the world" inhabited by some
3 million pco-le-has settled for a Chinese
guarantee that it can continue to be. its own
master in internal affairs, including the colec-
tion of taxes
The "war" itself has been an exceedingly
bizarre one ever since the Chinese Communists
started it with their invasion almost five months
ago. The invasion brought strong notes of
protest from India, which had tried to promote
peaceful agreement between Peiping and the
Tibetan rulers The latter, for their part, ap-
pealed to the United Nations to do something
about the situation. But neither the Indians
nor anybody else in the U. N. would sponsor
Evening star., 1951-03-17

the appeal, the reason for that being general
world acceptance of an old treaty recognizing
ChnaS suzerainty, or political control, over Tibet
despite Tibets right to internal Self-rule.
AS for the Chinese Communists in their
half-insulting replies to India's protests, they
proclaimed last November that the purpose of
their invasion was to "liberate" the TibetanS and
prevent Anglo-American "imperialists" from
using the country as a springboard for aggression
against Red China. The ensuing war" appears
to have been something much less than a real
war. After all, having no arms or armies worthy
of the name and inhabited by an unworldly
people apathetic to the idea of fighting, Tibet
has hardly been in a position to resist either
Peiping'S well-trained soldiers or guarantee of
tax-colecting rights and domestic autonomy.
In relation to China, that guarantee is about
all that the Tibetans have had or wanted for
more than generation past. Why then did the
Mao regime go to war" against them before
reaff1rming it? Perhaps the answer is that some
kind of excuse was needed to place Communist
troops or subversive forces in striking distance
of Indias northern frontier. The fears that led
to Prime Minister Nehrus protests probably are
as valid as ever.
Evening star., 1951-03-17
Morals and Government

am very much interested in your
editorial, THE Dollars Would Pour In"
in The Star of March II. Particularly
am I interested in your reference to the
Presidents lack of comment or action
concerning the low moral standard in
our Government, as indicated by tthe
unearthing of so much graft and corrup-
ton IN high places. Such loose and
dishonest conduct like any contagious
disease, spreads and unless curbed, will
encompass our Nation. And what will
be the result? The biblical answer is
the best can give: "By their fruits We
shall know them. Every good tree
bringeth forth good fruit, but a corrupt
tree bringeth forth evil fruit Every tree
that bringeth not forth good fruit is
hewn down and cast into the fire."
We as people are responsible for the
character of men we elect to Offices of
responsibility in our Government, and
we will be blessed or made to suffer ac-
cordingly. When the Master found the
money changers in the temple, He drove
them out.
Disturbed. y
Evening star., 1951-03-17
By Mary McGroY

4
TT IS common complaint against
i revolutionaries that as they grow old,
they grow fat, complacent and reaction
ary. So far, none of those disabilities
has overtaken Sean MacBride, Ireland'S
Minister of External Affairs, conspic-
uous example of liberal who has not
gone sour.
At A. Mr.. MacBride. a visitor to the
Capital this week, is still youthful,
vigorous and full of protest. His early
revolutionary zeal-he was up to his
neck in the Irish Troubles at 14--has
been transferred to the quieter areas of
international relations and internal pol
itics. But it is still operating.
Three years ago. dissatisfied with the
De Valera governments progress in So
cial welfare schemes and land improve
ment. Mr.. MacBride founded his own
party, the Clam ma Poblachta (Repub-
lican Party, which attracted the young
and progressive elements in the country,
helped overthrow the 16-year-old De
Valera regime and is part of the inter-
party government now in power in.
Ireland
for Ireland is, you might say, in his
blood. His mother was Maud Come.
his father John MacBride, both flaming
figures in Ireland's struggle for freedom.
Maud Come, the beloved of Yeats, once
called 'the most beautiful woman in
the world" was five times imprisoned by
the British. Maj. .MacBride Joined the
little band of men at the Dublin Post
office during the Easter Rising of 1916,
and was executed by the British with
the leaders of the revolt.
Born in France in 1904 during his
parents exile, the young MacBride was
brought up in an atmosphere cracking
with rebellion. He was schooled in
France, and his accent is a reminder of
those years on the continent Upon the
execution of his father, he went to
Dublin and was himself arrested by the
British. By the time he was Is, he
had helped his mother to break jail on
several occasions and was much in de-
mand at Sim Fein meetings.
DeValera's comrade in those days, and
in the civil war that followed, Mr. Mac
Bride helped negotiate the treaty of 1921
which set up the Irish Free State and
divided Ireland into the 26 counties of
the south and the 6 counties of the
north. But as Republican unrecon-
ciled to anything less than the complete
freedom and independence of Ireland,
he joined the Irish Republican Army,
an underground organization of which
be eventually became chief of staff.
Until he left the I. r. A. in 1897
when it turned to terrorist tactics-Mr.
MacBride was intermittently ION the
run" no disgrace in Ireland at that time
Evening star., 1951-03-17

when many fine young man had
price on his head. The prescription of
the I. r, A. was enforced with varying
degrees of severity. AS a friend explains
it, Whenever any one was shot, Sean
would be rounded up"
The situation was so ambiguous that
when Mr.. MacBride was being married
in 1925 and called up an I. r. A. friend
to act as best man, the friend, sure it
was trip laid by the authorities, failed
to show up at the appointed time. Mr..
MacBride had to go fetch him.
Despite the chanciness of this life, Mr..
MacBride managed to study law at the
National University, which had no bias
against a law student who happened to
be an outlaw In time he became a
senior counsel. And after his break
with the I. R. A., the rebel emerged a
respectable and highly respected bar
riSter.
In it's first bid for power, in 1948, Mr..
MacBride's party captured the 10 par
liamentary seats which had previously
represented De Valera's majority. In
the general election that followed, De
Valera lost, and John Costello of the
Fine Gael Party, Ireland's finest con-
stitutional lawyer, was prevailed upon
to take over as Prime Minister of an
inter-party government He appointed
his close friend, Sean MacBride, to the
post of Foreign Minister.
Under an ambitious program to make
Ireland more attractive for the Irish,
the Costello government has embarked
on extensive land reclamation, elec-
trifcation, forestration and housing
schemes. With Marshall Plan aid, many
Evening star., 1951-03-17
The Tragedy of Seoul

It is hard for Americans, In the security
and comfort of their homes, to imagine what
life in faraway Seoul is like today, 1t is hard
for war correspondents to put in words the
tragedy of city which twice has been captured
by Communist armies and twice has been liber-
ated by United Nations troops.
One might think that the failure twice in
the past to hold the South Korean capital aragainst
Red hordeS would have left the miserable people
of desolate Seoul resentful and Sullen Surely
their faith in the defenders of their families,
their homes and their city has been put to
cruel test during the past terrible months.
Death, peStilence and destruction have beSieged
them in frightening forms by day and by night.
Their dwellings and business houses have been
destroyed by blast and flame, their loved ones
slaughtered or manned, their food supplies con-
fscated. Only 100000 of the once-thriving popu-
lation of 100000 persons remain in the rubbe
of what is virtually dead city.
Yet there was no bitterness evident when
American troops once more entered Seoul yes
terday. On the contrary, the welcome which
the GIs received was pathetcally emotional
Ragged urchins cheered and tagged along be-
side the soldiers Tears coursed down the
cheeks of emaciated women. Men eagerly
questioned the troops about the size of the liber
ating force One resident voiced the question
in the minds of all when he asked: will you
stay this time?"
The demonstration left no doubt as to
which type of occupation the citizens of Seoul
prefer. The siege and seizure of city by any
army constitute a dreadful ordeal for the in
habitants. But if there is to be any liberating
done by anyone, Seoul has made it plain that
she wants it done by MacArthur's men, not
Macs. AS for the question raised about the du-
ration of this liberation, Seoul may look to the
future with more confidence than at any time
in recent months. AT least the American
troops which marched into the ravaged city
were confident that this time they had come
to stay. There is good chance that they are
right.
Evening star., 1951-03-17
One Revolutionary Who Never Got Fat

agricultural reforms have been insti-
tuted. Mr.. MacBride reports with pleas
ure that emigration has dropped to its
lowest point since 1911
Despite his New Dealish political phi
loSophy, Mr.. MacBride looks as though
he might have stepped out of stained
glass window. Tall, lean and pale. he
has a high. round forehead, burning
gray eyes and gaunt cheeks His manner
is debonair, and he has an expression
that suggests he is constantly expecting
to be amused The Irish, liking the
continental touch, enjoy his French
accent, and are delighted to have
Foreign Minister who completely looks
the part.
His policy has been to guide Ireland
which has got a reputation for isola-
tionism, not only because of its neutral
ity in World War II but because of
emphasis on Gaelic speech and a rigid
literary censorship-into closer touch
with the rest of the world and into
membership in the Atlantic Community.
Ireland belongs to the Council of Europe,
and Mr.. MacBride was a prime mover
in the formation of OEEC, European
Plan.
Ireland tried to join the U. NJ, but
was vetoed by Russia. She declined
an invitation to join the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization, because the treaty
guarantees the territorial integrity of
its member nations. Ireland wants no
part of any agreement which under
writes the border which divides her
country.
To Americans who cannot understand
why solidly anti Communist Ireland has
not entered a defense pact against the
Soviets, Mr.. MacBride says, IF England
or any other foreign power occupied the
New England States, would you be will
ing to enter into military alliance
with her?"
To the Irish. partition is an outrage.
They contend that fair election on the
issue Is out Of the question, because of
the gerrymandering of the voting dis
trlctS in Northern Ireland. To the pro-
British concentration in and around
Belfast. they have offered self govern
ment upon joining Ireland. The North
ern Irish turned it down Without
the backing of London, however, the
Irish feel listers resistance would COL
lapse.
This st. Patrick's Day finds Mr.. Mac
Bride still hopeful. A section of the
Labor Party in Britain has voiced oppo-
Sltlon to partition. OF American sym
pathy, Ireland has always had a-plenty.
Some 1rishmen feel that strong Ameri-
can pressure would make short work of
Brltaln's position in the matter.
And as Mr.. MacBride will remind you,
the Irish are used to lost causes He
personally has had lifetime of them.
and hasn't tired of fighting for them vet,
Evening star., 1951-03-17
Why Not Gompers Square?

In these days we have become in
creaSlngly aware of the important role
played by labor in local, national and
international affairs. Our National
Capital has become a center for the
recognition of labor as a social force.
This fact is clear beyond any present
controversy. 1t is recognized by all
parties and all faiths.
AS evidence of this widely accepted
fact, the city of Washington already
possesses a noble group of bronze stat
uary erected in honor of Samuel Com
pers, founder Of the modern labor move
ment in the United States. to whom all
unions-AFL, CIO and independent
pay homage. The dramatic group of
sculptured figures surrounding the
seated figure of Gompers is located at
the juncture of Massachusetts avenue
and Tenth street NV, one block from
the national headquarters of the AFL,
of which Samuel Gompers was first
president, an Office he held for 80 years.
No additional evidence needs to be
cited at this date to prove that Mi
GomperS was a great American whose
value is recognized by all groups in the
community, and not only by labor.
During the centenary of his birth, cele-
brated last year. it was shown how
important he was in the development
of labors responsibility in Pan Ameri-
can and international affairs, as well as
the affairs of our own country. Washing
ton was his home for more than
quarter Of a century.
In recognition of Gompers signifi-
canoe as world figure and the rela-
Evening star., 1951-03-17

visiting fremen making hey-hey while
the moonshines. After all, other places
have their brown shirts and black shirts.
so why shouldn't Washington have its
stuffed shirts. which have to be enter
tanned by people who want to buy friends
and influence legislation? And so the
District has become the land of the
spree and home of the knave.
OF course, if there were ADEQUATE
athletic fields and wholesome recrea-
tional equipment here, it would not be
necessary for so many people to indulge
In drinking, gambling, crime and i'm
morality, in desperate effort to escape
from work, worry and the monotonous
grind of living. But there isn't enough
money for that. Our legislators told
us so.
Evening star., 1951-03-17
Letters to The Star
Pen-n1n,eS may be used If letters carru
Wrtters' correct names and addresses.
AL letters are subject to condensation.

tionship that Washington as a commu-
it not be appropriate that the unnamed
triangle of green grass on which the
Gompers statue is located should be
given the name of the man who gives
it its special character?
I suggest, therefore, that it should
be named "Gompers Square" in honor
Evening star., 1951-03-17

of great American. In the process
we would find that most Americans,
our friends across the sea and to the
south of us, would want to join in this
tribute.
from labor and civic groups, local ana
national, it seems-to me that the Sen
ate and House District Committees, and
the District Commissioners themselves.
would be interested in speeding the
creation of "Gompers Square
John Herling.
Evening star., 1951-03-17
Cypress Gardens

NOIIdIIG0IUII, .. O,J ~ :
Here, in dulled sunlight, rooted deem in
gloom,
The t0orld's strange SorroDS haze been
brought to bloom.
Here expresses, symbolic of mortal loss,
Gather unto themselves teStoons of
moss
And space marks time 1Uhile time trails
of IN space,
Murkily mirrored in this eerie place. 49,.
Violet AIIeyn Storey.
Evening star., 1951-03-17
Minotuur
Disturbed.

While we are fighting this stalemate
in Korea, losing our youth, Russian youth
multiply. There is no war demanding
the cream of Russian manhood. But
Russia, like the Minotaur in Greek
mythology, demands a form of tribute
from the non-Communist world. And
this tribute is daily sapping of strength
of the free nations in fighting wars of
attrition which end only in stalemates.
"aAe up' AiheI4ca! X Ara.
Evening star., 1951-03-17
Apartment Offices

1t seems to me the suggested use of
high rental apartment houses for office
space doesn't indicate too much exertion
expended in the search for such space
by those delegated to find it.
Thousands of employees were dis
charged by the defense agencies after
the last war. What happened to the office
space thus vacated? Can not the thou
sands now being rehired utilize that
same space? Has any thought been
given to the use of space soon to be, if
not already. vacated by those agencies
slated for decentralization to other
cities?
Maybe the appointment of new COM
mittee to do the job-one that will
really explore all reasonable and sensible
possibilities-might help.
Evening star., 1951-03-17
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

9. In what year were two comets
visible during the same night?-G. Y.
A. In August, 1881, for short time,
two comets were visible to the naked
eye, the brighter in the evening sky and
the other in the morning sky. ','-
Evening star., 1951-03-17

Q. How long are naval reseryists re-
quired to serve at present?-C. B.
A: Naval reservistS who are called back
TO outy are required to serve 81 months,
and the time may be extended.
Evening star., 1951-03-17
The Spree and the Knuve

Washington may be one of the worst
liquor -guzzling crime centers of the
Nation, as is said. But it must be re-
membered that many of the people here
are local yokels from the provinces and
Evening star., 1951-03-17
Questions and Answers

The Stars leaders can get the anSvsr" a.
sn any question Of fact by either writing The
EEVSiin9 EW {Sr 1nformation Bureau 1900 street
return postage or by telephoning ST 7363 -
Evening star., 1951-03-17

O. Who invented wire rope?-P. w. ~,
A. Wire rope was invented by John
A. Roebling Q8O6-69), a German i'm
migrant, later to become the designer
OF Brooklyn Bridge. He laid his first
wire rope by hand in meadow.
Evening star., 1951-03-17

O. What was Wagner's first W., to
be musician, or a poet?-r. 4t-
A. The great composers 3ira-
ton was to be a poet.
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1951-09-01

oas lie umranft l1no umbliibt, ttidt
l6Deift er binaus 5u oen 8erges-
boben oie itd Dor lift ausoebnen; tbr
auge lit gang perienft in oas iunge,
traute 2eben, oas tie geraoe aus bem
Anea ibres eigenen 2ebens gen1brt
uno erquidt uno oas nun in ibren
armen 10 iiiB unb 10 tparm rl1bt unb
10 leii ie atmet.
8opon traumt oas iunge Mutter-
ber5? Sn ral6em Slug iiebt es 6as
bilfloIe &ino in ibrem S6oB gum
&naben beranmadien, itebt i'm frii9
uno froblid nmbertummeln, geiItig
nno leibli6 tpa6ieno nnb geoeibeno,
itebt i'm uls SsSiingling alle @enolien
iiberragen l1no itbertreffen, biz er als
Wtann NIT einem bon ibr unbergleid)=
bar bo6gebaltenen Sbeal 5lriammen-
trtfft, NIT pem ionit mobl als nit
leinem Gater! Mber lpelhe iunae
Dfl1tter, 10 iponnigli6en Muges tie in
Dem ytengeborenen ons gbenbilo ieiz
mes 8aters begriiBt, 10 iebr ibr @e=
ltalt unO @eiit oes Wfannes ibrer
8abl als l,nii6ertroffen uno oorum
als bod)ites 3iel fir ibren Sobn Dor
i6meben, trdu1nte nibt nod 1peiter
i'm sSntereiie ibres gritgeborenen2
8el6e iunge Weutter erltrebte uno
ertraumte nidt fir ibren Sobn Elm
boberes 2ebens5iel, cine glGn5enoere
Sebensitellung, cine umfallenoere
@irflamfeit? gbre, Iubn, 9ln=
leben Dor Der @elt! @el6er @unId
mare 5u fiibn, melbes .3iel gu bod
fir ben gbrgei5 elmer iungen Mutter2
Gas &inolein ertpa6t nit lautem
S6rei nnO i6redt leine Wutter ouf
aus ibren Sraumen. @obl ibr, tpenn
oielelben gang uno sar idtpinoen! 9ie
Gr5iebung zines &inoes erforoert
etnen offenen 8lid uno elm tpa6es
Ser5. @obl magIt bu elm bobes, ia
oas bo6ite 3iel fir bein aino erltre=
ben, Oeutterber5, oenn es lit, tpie bu,
fir ELM epiges 9eben geboren, aber
in Gemltt uno Stille, in Nii6ternbeit
lno &larbeit muBt Ou oeinen 8eg
geben, Oamit Oi6 ni6t emit bes er-
lpo6Ienen ISobnes Gerirrungen - gu
lpat aus oeinen IrGumen ertpeden!
ltnlere 3eit lit ernlt, oie 3ufunft liegt
bepolft Dor uns oa; mir bebiirfen oar
lebr - zines fraftisen @eible6tes
bon Wdnnerl1. Son SEN Miittern aber
bangt es 5um groBen Geil ob, pie sic
eUfanner meroen, ia, Oh iiberbaupt aus
ibren Sobnen WGnner tperoen!
Garan oenfe, 0u iunge Wfutter.