davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-05-20
German Labor Wins MANAGEMENT Voice

BONN. West Germany has
adopted into law a revolutionary
principle called Understanding
srecht. Translated, it is the right
of co-determination.
What does that mean?
To the German worker, it means
that he will have an equal voice
with capital in running the plant
that employees him. The Amer
ican National Association of Man.
Iufacturers calls it socialism in dis
guise.
The average American worker
perhaps has never heard of it.
But he's likely to hear a lot
about it in the future if it works
here in Germany. It could grow
into a labor creed in many lands.
Under the law passed April 10
by the West German Parliament,
the principle of co-determination
is applied like this:
Every plant with more than
| / 900 workers must have five rep
resentatives from labor and five
from the owners on its Board OF
Directors. The 11th man is chosen
by these 10 from 3 candi-
dates nominated by committee
half labor and half owner.
In Heavy Industries
So far, this law applies only
to the coal, steel and iron COM
panies in the Ruhr. But the labor
unions are demanding that it be
applied to all big plants through
out the country.
Co-determination is the big
plank in every German labor plat
form-more important than high
er wages. Why?
The German labor union his.
torically has a different approach
to labor problems than the Amer
ican. The United States labor
unions concentrate on higher
wages, shorter hours, pensions ane
better working conditions.
German labor unions claim thai
would not solve their real prob.
lem. Without labor having 6
share in the management of the
economic system, they argue. cap
ital could still cheat workers o1
their higher wages by simply rails.
Ling prices.
II They say German capital woule
still be able to follow It's tradi'
Evening star., 1951-05-20

law was passed, the United States
National Association of Manufac-
lures and the United States Ma
tional Foreign Trade Council sent
representatives to Germany to ar
que against it.
They said the law would scare
away the foreign capital which
Germany needs to expand it's war
damaged industries. They as
serted nobody would sink his
money in a foreign plant which
he could not control. The govern
ments of France. Belgium. Hol-
land and Luxembourg sent official
expressions Of concern to the West
German government.
Parties Backed Idea
German labor unions and some
lawmakers scorned these actions
as interference by foreign capi-
talists in German domestic affairs"
and Parliament passed the bill
oVerWhelmlngly.
What puzzled American finan-
ciers when they first came here
to study the measure was the
widespread support which the idea
Of co-determination has among
German political parties.
Only the extreme right-Wing
parties dare to oppose the basic
principle. Even some groups which
voted against the bill were careful
to explain they were opposing
some of its provisions and not the
idea as a whole.
The Christian Democratic Party
headed by Chancellor Konrad
Adeneuer is regarded as conserva-
tive. And it was Adeneuer's party
which sponsored the bill in Par
Lament. Adeneuer was under
pressure of a threat by 75O, 900
Ruhr workers to strike unless they
got it. But Adeneuer's party al
ready was committed to the prin-
ciple of co-determination, and the
strike threat only hurried the
adoption of a plan which had been
under study for months.
Now that the Ruhr bill has set
the pattern, similar laws are ex-
pected to spread the principle
throughout the economy. The
bills are already in the drafting
stage.
j Distributed By the Associated Press.)
Evening star., 1951-05-20
By Don Doone

tional pattern OF controlled prices
and production and protected
profits. Labor wants low competi-
tive prices, narrow profit margins
and mass markets.
To obtain these. labor leaders
argue, labor must be able to vote
in company management.
There's another reason, too
German labor wants to make sure
that the magnates of industry
never again will lead Germany
down the road to dictatorship. wal
and ruin. Unionists claim that IL
they had been given this economic
partnership in time, they could
have prevented the rise of Hitler
Their reasoning was expressed
by Hans vom Hoff, q leader in
the West German Trade Union
Federation.
employers did their best tc
create monopolies which guaran-
teed the totalitarian power of cap
ital throughout the economy,
Vom Hoff said. Moreover, they
developed considerable political
ambitions. This political activity
Of employers was the very means
used for sabotage of trade union
demands before 1888 and for the
important financial and ideologi.
cal support of Hitler and his re.
Igime. The last war and the Ger
man collapse can be considered the
result of this development.
THE German labor movement
does not want to hold the bag fol
this bunch of employers again. i
should therefore be easily under.
stood why the trade unions de-
mand that genuine economic de.
mocracy must be created as tht
basis for a sound political democ.
racy."
If the labor unions are able tx
put through their full program, CO.
determination will be extended fal
beyond the plant level. Labol
would have equal membership
on quasi-governmental economic
agencies and on any semiofficia
body concerned with drafting eco
nomic policies.
u. S. Interests Opposed
Foreign financiers look on tn
German co-determination move
lment with alarm. Before the Rub
Evening star., 1951-05-20

the United States-came pa
pers, curios, books and ritual
from a cult fast growing in
membership.
In the exhibition will be the
footprints Of "a gigantic
hound" which figures in The
Hound of the Baskervilles."
Jack c. T. Thorne, Marylebone
reference librarian. got the
bound prints by advertising
for the most enormous hound
in Britain" Once that was ac-
complished. Scotland Yard
came to the rescue with casts
of the paws.
One of Holmes dressing
gowns-he referred to three
has a place in the living room,
alongside his old briar root pipe.
a StradivariuS violin. a snuff
box of old gold with a great
amethyst in the center of the
lid," and Persian slipper.
In "Musgrave Ritual" DR..
Watson spoke despairingly of
Holmes as lone of the most un-
tidy men that ever drove q
fellow-lodger to distraction"
He kept his tobacco in the toe
Of a Persian slipper.
Besides these items, there will
be newspapers Of the period. q
burgling kit with nickle-plated
Jenny, diamond-tipped glass
cutter. adaptable keys and every
modern improvement" and a
gasogene.
Don't ask what q gasogene is.
No one has ever really found
out. 1t appears in Scandal in
Bohemia"
With hardly a word spoken,
but with a kindly eye, he waved
Evening star., 1951-05-20
BY O. M. Green

LONDON. - Among many
shortages of which the world
complains-iron, steel. non-fer-
rous metals. sulphur. cotton.
rubber and many more-one
that is little noticed yet as
suredly not the least important
is shipping.
The total world shipping now
amounts to 77,405, 900 tons. In
this Great Britain, in spite of
her enormous war losses, has
built herself up again to the
position Of leader with 1851
600 tons. The tonnage Of the
whole commonwealth is now
ls,626,00o tons.
The United States, it is true,
possesses 26.111 900 tons (vessels
Of 1000 tons and upward. But
of these IA million tons are tied
up in the "mothball" fleet of
Liberty ships turned out by the
dozen during the war.
Among other countries Tin
thousands OF tons) Norway has
5.223, Panama $3.50, mostly
ships of other countries reg
istered under the Panama flag
for the sake Of the comparative
laxity of its sailing regulations;
Holland 2,908, France 1880,
Italy ISIS, Sweden 1919, Greece
1906.
Russia possesses 1,141 900 tons
OF mercantile shipping. but one
can be sure she uses them
wholly for herself, with no
thought of helping the worlds
transport. Japan is reported to
have 10 million tons; most of
her ships probably are engaged
in carrying supplies to Korea
and in her already substantial
fyoI 10 xx,;%k,
Evening star., 1951-05-20
The Leave Question

The next thing about which the
public mind should be disabused
is the matter of leave granted the
Government employees. Let us
start out by admitting that We
Evening star., 1951-05-20
Britain Makes Comeback in Shippino

1t is no exaggeration to say
that the world now could well
use several hundred thousand
more tons of deep-sea ships. The
rise Of freight rates since this
time last year. when they were
declining, is proof of this. TAX
ing an index number of 100 for
freight rates, the number last
July was 1873. BY December it
was 1l5.7; early this year 1919.
Now five principal British lines
announce a IS per cent increase
as from June 81 in outward
freight rates between Australia
and Ceylon.
World Need Great
The cause of this shortage of
shipping is a sudden combina-
ton of abnormal demands. In
July the outbreak Of war in Ko-
rea brought a widespread call
for deep-sea ships. This was
being met when, with the coal
crisis in Britain last November.
the British Fuel Ministery made
an emergency demand on the
shipping companies for ships to
fetch 2 million tons of coal from
America. This stimulated the
demands of other supply depart
ments, while European countries
also clamored for coal from
overseas.
AS If these demands were not
alone sufficiently disturbing,
there came a further sudden
demand from the British gov
ernment In December for ships
to bring coarse grain from the
Gulf Of Mexico and timber from
the Pacific. Coal deliveries from
America for Great Britain were
completed by the end of March.
but European countries will not
have filled their needs before
Evening star., 1951-10-28
League Calendar Featured
By DC. Dates and Data
By Frances Lide

With the Christmas rade-and mindful OF its
of educating public District governmenthe District
of Women Voters has with calendar for 1852
entitled ID. c. Dates and Data"
booklet with provided for the listing Of
other reminders the calendar similar to those published
Evening star., 1951-10-28
District YWCA Sets Date
For Food Fair of Nations

A Food Fair Of Nations, with
eight countries and the four re-
gions of the United States repre-
sented, will be sponsored by the
Washington YWCA on November
Is at the associations head
quarters, Seventeenth and K
streets NV.
Arrangements for the fair are
being made by the World Fellow
ship Committee, headed by Mrs
Milton E. Miles. Proceeds will GO
toward the work Of the YWCA in
other countries.
Wives of officials in the diplo-
matte corps and other foreign
missions here will have charge of
the food booths. which will fea-
ture specialties of their respec-
tive countries.
The international hoSteSses will
include Mrs. Emmanuel Holger
and Mrs. Patricio Murphy. Chile;
Mrs. Ernesto de Araujo and Mrs.
Arnaldo Vasconcellos, Brazil; Mrs.
Luis E. de Brizuela and Mrs. Luis
J. Cornes, Argentina; Mrs. AL
berto Salinas and Mrs. w. K
Mendenhall. Mexico; Mrs. J. c.
Varma and Mrs. Bahadur Singh
India: Mrs. Dimitri N. Lambros
and Mrs. w. E. r. Moore, Greece;
Mrs. Kan Lee and Mrs. P. w. Kuo
Evening star., 1951-10-28
Bazaar Slated
By Prep School
Mothers Club

The Georgetown Preparatory
School Mothers Club will hold
its annual bazaar for the benefit
OF the gymnasium fund on Thurs
day from noon to S pm. at the
school on Rockville pike.
Mrs. Paul Stewart is chairman
of the event. assisted by Mrs. Ed
ward A. Tamm as co-chairman
Mothers. working on committees
for the bazaar include Mrs. Bar
tholomew Hogan, bake table; Mrs.
c. j. Mack and Mrs. Harry P.
Cain, special gifts; Mrs. Joseph
keenan,, patrons: Mrs. Anton
Auth, business patrons: Mrs.
Charles Berry, cards: Mrs. Gerard
Cahill, dessert bridge: Mrs. James
Edmonston. bridge prizes; Mrs.
Thomas Crowley and Mrs. Alberto
Lleres, sewing; Mrs. Sherl j. VIM
ter. publicity; Mrs. Neil O'Bryan,
refreshments; Mrs. Vincent Pahl,
hospitality. and Mrs. Frank Ca
hill. white elephants.
Through the efforts of the
Mothers Club, an improved light
ing system was installed in the
classrooms last year. The club
also has furthered establishment
of a drivers training program in
the school and has provided china
bearing the Georgetown seal,
which is used on special occa-
sions.
Evening star., 1951-10-28

tell of the soup kitchen main
tanned by B'nai Birth in Tel Aviv.
and canned goods for the project
will be turned over to Mrs. Cecil
Hyman. wife Of the Economic
Counselor Of the Israeli Embassy
Evening star., 1951-10-28

the washington Community Chest
will be represented at Tuesdays
luncheon and the others will be
represented at the final luncheon
on November Is.
The program will include brief
talks by Mrs. Donald c. Beatty,
chairman of the Special Solicita-
ton Unit, and Mrs. Georgia
Neese Clark. treasurer of the
United States.
Mrs. Oscar L. Chapman, wife of
the Secretary of the Interior, will
preside as chairman of the Report
Luncheons Committee, and honor
guests at the speakers table will
include Lady Franks, wife of the
British Ambassador: Mime. Bon
net, wife of the French Ambassa-
dor; Nine. van Roijen, wife Of the
Netherlands Ambassador; Mrs.
Harold H. Burton and Mrs. Robert
E. Freer.
Another special guest will be
Holly Harris. now appearing in
kiss Me Kate" at the New Gay
ETY. Theater, who will give vocal
selection.
Evening star., 1951-10-28
PiLonbdu Theta
ArrQnQes Panel

A panel discussion on the sub
ject, Meeting Controversial Is
Sues" will be the feature of a
founders day meeting of Alpha
Theta Chapter of Pi Lambda
Theta at 2 pm. Saturday at Wood
hull House on the George Wash
ington University campus.
Speakers on the program, which
has been arranged by Mrs. Hen
rietta Howard, will include Mrs.
Camilla Payne, consultant and in
terror designer; Miss Mary Stadt-
analytical statistician
with the Department of the Army;
Miss Mary Ellen Coleman. assist
ant director of the Reading Clinic
at the George Washington Uni
versity; Miss Marian Wellington,
guidance counselor at the Dolly
Madison Junior High School in
Arlington; Mrs. Mabel Jobe. ele-
mentaiy teacher in the District
schools, and Miss Mildred Stoler
assistant professor of history at
Teachers College.
A candle-lighting ceremony
honoring the founders of Pi
Lambda Theta, will be a program
highlight.
Evening star., 1951-10-28

China, and Mrs. S. Ralnlau-Han.
sen and Mrs. A. F. Knudsen. Dem
mark.
Mrs. Carl H. Farman will assist
in co-ordinating the Chilean. Bra.
lillian and Argentinian booths.
The United States regional foods
sale is being arranged by Mrs. J.
H. Thach and Mrs. s. H. Critten-
don.
The fair. which is scheduled to
open at II am. with closing time
Set for Z pm. will also feature en-
tertainment and refreshments.
The entertainment will be pro-
vided by Ecuador. Indonesia. Siam.
Austria and Scotland.
Other members of the World
Fellowship Committee assisting
with arrangements include Mrs.
r. B. Richards. entertainment:
Mrs. Rodney French, tickets; Mrs.
Benjamin Colby, publicity; Mrs.
Frank r. Mccoy, hostesses. and
Mrs. John T. Goodley, tea table.
Evening star., 1951-10-28
Chest Residential Workers
7oHWe Luncheon Tuesdov

The first OF the two report
luncheons scheduled for residen-
tial area solicitors in the current
Community Chest-USO campaign
will take place at 1890 pm.
Tuesday in the Washington room
of the Washington Hotel.
The program will include pre-
sentation of awards for out
standing achievements in the first
two weeks of the campaign, as
well as reports on the work done
by the Special Solicitation Unit,
as the group is known.
A new feature this year will be
the opportunity for members to
learn more about special Red
Feather agencies before the pro-
gram begins. In order to make
this possible, the Chest agencies
have been asked to select hosts
and hosteSses to sit at the tables
with the volunteers during the
luncheon hour so they may an
swer questions. Tables will be
identified so that the solicitors
may find the agency representa-
tives with whom they would like
to talk.
About 30 of the 81 agencies in
Evening star., 1951-10-28
,B|ndi Birth Workshop
Planned Here Tomorrow

A workshop for officers and
board members of B'nai Birth
chapters in the Metropolitan Area
will be conducted tomorrow by
Mrs. Baila F. Wodicka of Chicago,
national field representative for
the Women's Supreme Council.
The workshop, which is being
sponsored by District No. S of
B'nai Birth Women, will be held
from 10 am. to 4 pm. at the
Hotel 2400.. Mrs. Norman Mar
lowe Of Silver Spring is District S
president.
A former Washingtonian, Mrs.
Wodicka served in the Office Of
the Secretary of War as an ad-
ministrative assistant at one
time. a
District S committee chairmen
taking part in the workshop pro-
gram will be Miss Elizabeth
Mensh, Mrs. Julius Kirson, Mrs.
Maurice Bisgyer. Mrs. George
Nathan, Mrs. Harry Dobkin, Mrs.
Lawrence Koenigsberger. Miss
Dorothy Volner. Mrs. Nat H. Levy,
Mrs. Herman Hertzberg and Mrs.
P. j. Abelman.
Mrs. Michael Shapiro, president
of Argo Chapter, will be chairman
of the day.
Chopter Activities
The Independence Chapter of
B'nai Birth Women will join with
the Independence Lodge in Spon-
soring a square dance at 8 pm.
Tuesday in the hospitality hall of
the Christian Heurich Brewing
Co. Mrs. Allan Coleman and IT.
wing Rich are co-chairmen.
Members of Independe n ce
Chapter will be guests of Argo
Chapter at the latter's meeting
Wednesday in the Jewish Com
munity Center. A musical drama,
Birth of the United Nations Re-
told" will be the entertainment
feature. Mrs. Harry Silverstone.
who recently visited Israel, will
Evening star., 1951-10-28

by schools, organizations and the
like at this season.
Instead of such illustrations as
campus scenes. however, the
leagues calendar features nota-
tions on important dates and. IN
the back, a guide to District of
Columbia government services
and facilities. It's really the
District government in capsule
FORM" as one member puts it.
ID. c. Dates and Data is your
daily reminder. 1t tells you when
to file tax returns :. when to pay
your taxes when to find out
about your absentee ballot. It will
help you operate effectively as a
citizen, the league explains in a
sort of foreword.
Attention also is called to the
fact that the league maintains a
service for absentee voters, with
two telephone numbers listed for
those who would like informa-
tion on voting in their home
States. Getting out the absentee
ballot in Washington is a contin-
uous league campaign.)
In the ID. c. Dates" portion of
the calendar, the first page, fea-
turing the first week of January.
1852, makes four notations which
are tVnjcal of this oivic opooos
ment pad. January l, of course,
is New Years Day. For January
2, there are two reminders:
"Quarterly Social Security Tax
for Domestic Help due by jan
uary 31''. and Public Schools re-
open today" On January 8
''U s. Congress Convenes."
District Officers Listed
The calendars most ambitious
feature, however, is the supple
Evening star., 1951-10-28

ment in the back In which District
Offices and officers are listed, with
their addresses and telephone
numbers. Headed by the Board of
Commissioners. the guide includes
the names of all boards, agencies,
courts, services and departments
coming under the District govern
ment.
Arranged alphabetically, these
start with the Alcoholic Beverage
Control Board and the Assessor,
and wind up with the Veterans
Service Center and zoning Com
mission.
you can use this guide to find
out what to do If your dog is lost,
Ior if the sewer overfiows," Mrs.
Marcus Mensh. editor of the
calendar, pointed out. Qn the
first case, If you look under "dog
catcher" you are referred to the
pound. In the second case, you
will probably find the listing:
Sewer Division, District Building.
Inquire here regarding Easements
flooded by sewer overflow and
offensive sewers"
Finally-becauSe the District is
governed by Congress-the calen-
dar provides the names of mem
bers OF the Senate and House
Committees on the District of
Columbia; and also the names of
those serving on the subcommit-
tees on appropriations.
And. as a last service, there is
a listing on how to address public
officials, starting with the Presi-
dent of the United States.
All this can be had in holiday
envelope which makes a king-size
Christmas greeting, pointed out
Mrs. Mensh, who is a good sales
man. THE league will take care
of mailing lists, for those who
would like to order number for
their friends" she said.
The proceeds go to the support
OF the league, which is a nom
partisan organization.
OAR Story Told
Speaking of publications, the
National Society of the Daughters
Of the American Revolution has
broken into print in a big way in
the November issue of the Ma
tional Geographic Magazine.
THE OAR Story" is the title
OF the magazines lead article and
it is accompanied by 20 illustra-
tions, 10 of which are in natural
color. Lonnelle Aikman is the
author.
The article points out that Ma
tional Geographic Society mem
bers have a special interest in
the OAR auditorium because Con-
Stitution Hall. since 1888, has
been the setting for the society's
weekly winter-Season lectures.
Even before that" it is recalled,
"the old auditorium in Memorial
Continental Hall was used to
present such outstanding lecturers
as the great British explorer, Sir
Ernest Shackleton, returned from
Antarctic exploits"
Extensive pictorial coverage Isl
given to the OARS 60th Contin-
email Congress last April. with one
color photograph showing Gen.
Douglas Macarthur in his historic
before the Daughters.
Evening star., 1951-10-28
ISoroptinoist Outing
At | eonurdtoMn. Md.

An outing will be held jointly
by the Soroptimist Club Of Wash
Iington and the st. Marys County
ISoroptimist Club today at Blavane,
the farm of Mrs. Jane Blakeney
near Leonardtown, Md. Guests
will include members of the Ven
Iture Club, a group made up OF
young businesswomen.
Mrs. Blakeney is regional repre-
sentative of the American Fedora
ton of Soroptimist Clubs.
The st. MaryS County group was
organized by the Washington
'SoroptimiSts.
Evening star., 1951-10-28
White Elephant Sale
Scheduled Saturday

The Tuesday Woman's Club will
hold a benefit white elephant sale
on Saturday from Z to 10 pm. at
the home of Mrs. Harvey Haun.
1882 Rittenhouse street NV.
Proceeds will go to the clubs
welfare fund, according to Mrs.
Walter S. Erwin. club president.
Chairmen assisting Mrs. Haun
include Mrs. Lawrence Murray,
Mrs. John F.. WEIGH. Mrs. Arthur
Munns, Mrs. Clarence Woodward.
Mrs. William o. Hancock and
Mrs. Francis Rowe.
Evening star., 1951-10-28
Tea

New and prospective members
will be honored at a tea to be
given by the Executive Board of
the Women's Alliance of All-Souls'
Unitarian Church from $3.50 to
$50 p. m. Tuesday in the library
of the church. Mrs. Irving Stultz,
chairman of the Membership Com
mittee. is in charge of arrange
ments.
Evening star., 1951-10-28
Star stan Photos by Randolph Routt.

QUEEN FORADAY-Dresse in costume worn by Queen
Anneo Of Greece in 1882 Miss Moreo Kopsdos daughter
OF Mr. and Mrs. John Kopsidos. gives helping hand
John Hendricks S. ottired Greek palace guard, as
they reheorse for their part in the Food Fair Of Motions
to be held at the YNNCA November 5 Moreo received
her costume from Nine. Dendroms wife of the former
Greek Ambassador. John is the son of Dr.. and Mrs
Franklin D. Hendricks.
Weorne her best erown-up we'll os a
Mexican costume Penny CodweII, 5. daughter Of Cond
Evening star., 1951-10-28
Scholarship Award

The zonta Club of Washington
has awarded one of its three an
nual university scholarships to
Sister Emanuel Flu, a Chinese
missionary sister now studying at
Catholic University. Sister Eman-
uel Flu is majoring in art.
Evening star., 1951-10-28
Annual Thrift Sale

The Sisterhood Of the Temple
B'nai Jacob will hold its annual
thrift shop sale tomorrow through
Friday from 10 am. to Z pm.
at 109 Eighth street NE.
Evening star., 1951-10-28
Halloween Bridqe

A Halloween dessert bridge will
be held by the Women's City Club
at 7:30 p. m. Tuesday at the club
house. 1888 street NV. Miss
Betty j. Baumann is chairman of
the committee, assisted by Mrs.
81. D. Aller.