davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
Constantine Brown:
Real Financial T roubIe Feared
Acheson's Estimate of SIS Billion Cost to Arm Europe
BIunts Enthusiasm for Truman Foreign Aid Bill

Secretary of State Acheson's
frank statement to members
of the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee last Thursday that
this country will have to spend
$25 billion in arming our friends
abroad within the next three
years, in the event there is no
world war, has blunted the en-
thuSiaSm of some Senator's to-
ward the Truman foreign aid
bill.
The majority of legislators
were under the impression that
If the present $6.25 billion mill
tary aid bill is approved, the
burden would be substantially
reduced next year and the fol-
lowing years. The group of Sen
ators who recently returned
from a European fact-finding
trip thought that economic con-
ditions in the North Atlantic
Treaty nations have improved
to such an extent that they
could, in the near future, assume
the main burden of expenditures
for arms and equipment needed
by their respective armies.
About SIS billion is earmarked
for this and in addition there
are some funds still unexpend-
ed from last years allowed
funds. The total available for
NATO, including the forthcom-
ing appropriations, should be
more than ample for the rearm-
ing of Western Europe. in the
opinion Of the legislators.
The fact that most NATO
members have been tagging in
their defense programs, espe-
cially in respect to increasing
their combat forces, is not taken
into consideration. Congress
was quite willing to regard the
blueprints as potential effective
forces.
What principally worries
many members of Congress is
whether the United States will
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
French Study Korea
Impact on Indo-China
BY the Associated Press

SAIGON, Indo- China, July %.
Gen. Jean de Lattre de Tassigny
left by air for Paris today to dis
cuss with French leaders the pos
sible effects of a Korean cease
fire on the fighting in Indo-C China.
Gen. de Lattre is expected to
press his government for more
men and arms for both the French
and Wet NameSe armies fighting
Communicated forces.
Most French authorities here
fear that cessation of hoistilities
in Korea will mean resumption OF
Communist offensives In Indo-
China.
There is nothing to indicate
official circles say, that No Chi
Mimi, leader Of the Communist
rebel forces. is ready tc negotiate
a truce in Indo-C China.
Gen. de Lattre also is expected
to ask French leaders to urge
the United States to step up the
flow Of military aid for Indo-
China, particularly material fol-
the equipping of four Indo-C Chi
nese divisions now being formed
into a national Wet Nam army.
The French high command
meantime. sent a message to He
Chi Mini today suggesting Q
meeting August 10 between the
French Red Cross and the Wet
Mimi forces to discuss an ex-
change of wounded prisoners and
the release of prisoners unit fol
military service.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
Farm Prices Decline
For 5th Straight Month
By the Associated Press

The general level of farm prices,
according to Agriculture Depart
ment figures, has declined for the
fifth consecutive month since
reaching a record last Friday.
The department said yesterday
the level dropped % per cent
between mid-Jupe and mid-July
That was 6 per cent under the
February peak, but about Is per
cent above the level at the time
fighting broke out in Korea.
At the same time the Bureau
of Labor Statistics announced
that the wholesale price index
declined 0.4 per cent in the week
ended July "a.
The index after July "a stood
at 178 per cent of the 1926 aver
age. 1t was 1874 per cent above
the pre-Korean war level and 81
per cent above the level of a year
ap0
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
by the Assoeiutsd Press

UNITED NATIONS. N. Y, July
ga United Nations medal was
authorized today for those serving
with U. N. forces in Korea.
Byron Price. acting secretary
general, announced that regula-
tons for it's award are now being
considered here and by the unified
command IN Washington.
A U. N. source said the question
of how and when the medal may
be awarded to the U. MS first
field commander, Gen. Macarthur.
has not yet arisen.
The medal is o bronze circle
almost "a inches in diameter. On
one side is the global emblem Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
Louis P. Rocker Heads
Jewish Telegraph Agency
by the Associated Press

NEW YORK, July 28.-Louis P.
Rocker has been elected president
and chief executive officer of the
Jewish Telegraph Agency, world
wide news service.
The election of Mr.. Rocker to
succeed DR.. ISadore Breslau of
Washington was announced yester-
day along with the election of
George S. Wise, New York bust
nessman, to the position of chair
man of the Board of Directors.
At the same time Mr.. Rocker
said that Jacob Landau, founder
and managing director of JTA,
has retired from active direction
Of the agency's operations. 4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28

BY midmorning the temperature
was a pleasant So.
Mr.. Humans brief four hour
schedule did not permit him to
stay for the parade that gets
under way at pm.
After his speech. a brief recep-
ton was arranged in Mayor Albert
E. Cobo's Office. The return flight
to Washington was set around
$3.50 pm.
Senators Ferguson, Republican,
and Moody, Democrat, of Michi-
gan, Representative Rabaut, Dem
ocrat. of Michigan, Price Stabil-
izer Michael Disable and Raymond
Foley, housing administrator, &C
companied the President here.
Eight months OF committee
work have gone into the parade
that will have q cast of 10000
persons, ITO floats and units and
100 bands.
The parade will require more
than five hours to move past the
reviewing stand. It will recreate
the Detroit story-the drama OF a
frontier post that grew into a
metropolis famous for its motor
cars. It will depict the commun-
|ity's rise under the flags of three
|nations-f1rst France, then Great
Britain and finally the United
States.
The parade committee boosted
that no historical production COM
parable to the birthday process
sion has ever been seen any
where.
36 Historical Floats.
For the historical section of So
floats. 1900 special costumes were
designed. Detroit history from
the time Cadillac received his
charter from King Louis XIV to
the city's position as arsenal of
democracy in World War II will
be highlighted.
Inc french explorer, Antoine
de la Nothe Cadillac, founded De-
troit in 17O1.
Mounted police, 60 motorcycle
commands and the police band
will head the procession. Among
the bands will be the 52-piece
Air Force band from Selfridge
Base. the Red Arrow Division
band, rize-winning American Ie-
gion drum and bugle corps and
the st. Johns Grand Council Ma
sonic band.
Neighboring Windsor, Ontario.
has a float carrying a 42-foot long
monument to a century of friend
ship between the border cities.
Diplomats of several nations
will be guests at the speech and
later view the parade. Gov. Adlai
e. Stevenson Of Illinois and Gov.
Johnston Murray Of Oklahoma
were expected to be here.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
United Nations Medal Designed
For Troops Serving in Korea

the U. N. On the other the words,
For service in the defense of the
charter of the United Nations"
The disk is attached to a pinch
ribbon with nine blue and eight
white vertical stripes. A small
clasp on the ribbon carries the
word Korea"
A blue-and-white ribbon with
out the medal also is to be
awarded.
The U. N. said Secretary Gen
eral Trygve Lie hopes the medal
will go also to those from nom
member nations, so that South
Koreans and the Italians serving
with an Italian field hospital will
be allowed to wear 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
Six Agencies Continue Hunt
For Plane With 80 Aboard

JUNEAU, Alaska. July 2S.-Siz
Canadian and American military
and civil agencies were engaged
in the search today for the miss
ing Korean airlift plane which
vanished last Saturday with SO
persons aboard.
Three Royal Canadian Air Force
planes joined the search along
with the 10th Rescue Squadron
from Anchorage; the 4th Rescue
Squadron from McChord Air Force
Base, Wash; the United States
Coast Guard, Canadian Pacific
Airlines and the Civil Air Patrol.
They secuted the territory from
Cape Spencer, west of here,
whence the missing plane sent its
last message, north toward the
border beyond Yakutat, in Alas
ka's "armpit."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
Channel Swimmer
Starts From England
BY the Associated Press

DEAL, England. July 2S.-Ned
Barnie, 54-year -old Scotsman
from Edinburgh, entered the water
this morning in an attempt to
swim the English Channel.
He swan from Cap Grix Nez
France, to England, last year, and
is trying the reverse course now
Only three persons ever have
made the swim in both directions
There was no word, meanwhile
Of the six Egyptian and two Brit
ish swimmers who plunged into
the chilly waters on the French
side this morning.
Doris Fell, 17-year-old school
girl from Barrow in Furness, took
the plunge at 1892 am. Q0:32
pm. Friday EDIT. Four minutes
later she was followed by Phil
Rising. Al, matchmaker from
Rotterdam.
Meanwhile, Lars. Warle, 81, a
bank clerk from Karlskroma
Sweden, who started yesterday
from Cap Girls Nez, gave up after
IL hours and SO minutes. He was
within 2 miles of the British
coast but strong tides forced him
to quit.
Yesterday Kathleen Mayoh, 1s,
British factory worker, was pulled
from the water by her parents
after she had Swum about 16
miles in Is hours and 20 minutes
from Cap Girls Nez.
Others waiting to make the
swim were Elma Anderson of
Denmark, and Philip hickman
an Englishman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
rumun
Continued From First PageD

the Russian provinces along the
Manchurian Border, across from
Japan. and across from Alaska"
Building Up Strength.
Mr.. Truman said he is dedi-
Gated to the building up of such
armed strength in the free world
that 1.-The Kremlin will have to
drop its plans for aggression and
Subversion."
When we reach that point,
Mr.. Truman declared, there car
be peace between the Soviet
Union and the rest Of the world
Although the President slam
med hard at critics Of the admin
istration policy. he named nc
names.
But he said:
Don't let yourselves be con-
fused by smearers and slanderers
There are three things I want you
to remember:
First, this country is one the
right track in foreign affairs. We
have a goal-and that Is peace
We have a way to reach that goal
and that is the middle way be-
tween world war on one side and
surrender to communism on the
other.
Progress Toward Goal.
Second, we are making prog
ress toward that goal. The grow
ing defenses of this country. the
increasing strength and unity OF
the free nations, the setback to
aggression in Korea-all these
show the progress we are making
Third, we cannot reach that
goal of peace If we falter now
We must not let up because we
have made some progress. We
must not be turned back by cries
of bankruptcy, or by efforts to
create fear and suspicion among
American citizens. We are going
to go right ahead and do what
we have set out to do. The peo-
pie of the United States are going
forward toward peace"
Because the United Nations
met the challenge" in Korea, the
U. N. is "a going concern, stronger
than ever" Mr.. Truman as
serted.
eve will never quit in the fight
for world peace"
Won't Go Bankrupt.
Turning to the critics Of his
defense mobilization program, the
President declared:
There are a lot of people in
this country, however, who are
trying to shake our confidence in
ourselves. These people tell
us We can't afford to build UP our
defense because it will cost too
much. They say we will go bank
rupt If we carry out our program
They say we will ruin our econ
Iomy." He added:
Strong defenSes are not going
to bankrupt us, any more than
domestic progress has bankrupted
us. We can well afford to pay
the price of peace. Our only
alternative is to pay the terrible
cost of war"
At least a million persons, po-
lice estimated. thronged downtown
Detroit to catch glimpse OF the
President and to view q big pa.
rade climaxing the city's birthday
festival.
Favorable weather prevailed
Cloudy skies and cool tenpera-
lures were forecast for the day
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28

sat. Eventually, Fresina, an ex-
tortionist and bootlegger, was dis
patched with two bullets in the
head and no longer needed his
pillow.
In Central and Southern Illinois,
two Infamous mobs-the Skeletons
and the Birgers-operated.
We cleaned an indication of the
magnitude of book making from
testimony of gambler J. ]. Carroll.
The 64-year-old Carroll, engaged
in some form of horse-betting &C
tivities since he was II, admitted
that the Carroll-Mooney book
making operation-with huge wire
rooms in st. Louis, Mo-, and East
st. Louis, Ill.-handles ''in excess
of $20,000,000" a year in bets.
Profits come to approximately
$750,000, and his own take is ap-
proximately $4,000 a year.
Carroll seemed to have a char
acteristic in common with Frank
Costello. Costello. a racketeer,
wanted to pose as a businessman.
Carroll, a gambler. glorif1ed him
self with the title of betting
First to Refuse to Talk.
1t was Carroll who, in st. Louis,
became the first witness to de-
cline to testify before the tele-
vision camera. 1.-THE whole pro-
ceeding outrages my sense of
.propriety," said Mr.. Carroll, walk
ing out. I promised him I would
recommend that he be prosecuted
for contempt. To avoid this, Car
roll later came to Washington at
his own expense to testify. We
had more trouble there but
managed to get it over by keeping
the cameras off his face, a con-
IceSsion we had made to Frank
Costello in New York.
Another huge st. Louis opera
ton was c. j. Rich & Co., a
clearing house for bets on major
sports, operating under the guise
of a collaborating company. We
questioned two partners in this
outfit. Charles ]. (Kewpie) Rich
and Sidney Wyman. Wyman was
"a dark, heavy-set man who put
on a great show of Scowling fe-
rociously as he taxed his memory
for answers to our questions.
''Kewpie" Rich was a pudgy,
roundfaced, unhappy looking soul,
who in appearance lived up to his
nickname.
Neither would quite admit they
were in the gambling business.
So we compromised by discussing
their business as Operation x"
Their company is less coy. Among
other things, we introduced as
evidence circular openly distri-
buted by Rich & Co. which said:
1--WE do not restrict our trans
actions solely to racing. We would
gladly handle wagers on all other
sporting events, including base
ball. football, fights and cleo
lions
Wyman started off by telling
us that Operation x" crossed
about 81 million year; after he
left the stand, he sent in word
through his attorney that he was
wrong and the correct figure
would be 81 million to IS million.
I asked the Russian-born Rich
why he never had become an
citizen. He answered
he had applied many a time"
but had been turned down re-
peatedly. I asked why. He un-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28

The committee learned a great
deal about William Molasky, the
millionaire magazine distributor,
whose finger was in many pies.
An ex-newsboy, Molasky pub
fishes scratch sheet for horse
players. and is a IS per cent
partner in Pioneer News, the
bookies' racing news wire. He
and his family own 1860 shares
of stock in Western Union, VAL
Iued at the time of his testimony
lat $783,000.
When Molasky came before us.
he was accompanied by Morris A,
Shenker, st. Louis attorney, who
also appeared as counsel for others
OF the gambling fraternity, includ-
ing Carroll and Rich. Molasky
made $4,000 contribution to Gov. .
Forrest Smiths campaign in 1948
a string. attached. Accord
ing to Gov. Smiths campaign
Molasky wanted the
privilege of recommending to Gov.
Smith that Morris Shenker. the
attorney for the gamblers, be
named to the st. Louis police
board.
Appalling Conditions.
No investigation of the st. Louis
area would be complete without
"a look across the river into GER
tain nearby Illinois counties. Par
ticularly appalling were conditions
of open vice and gambling in St.
Clair County, where East st. Louis
is located, and in Madison County.
John English, commissioner of
public safety of East st. Louis,
testified that he had never done
to disturb the operations
of Carroll and Mooney and did
not know that they were among
the biggest bookmakers in the
country, although this had been
notorious on a Nationwide basis.
for a long time.
English, former plumbing
supply salesman, who, at the time
we questioned him, was a candi-
date for reelection, had received
$131. 425 in political contribu-
lions" from 1943 to 1949. The
committee commented on the
fortunate economic position" Of
Mr.. English, who was able to
acquire considerable business and
real estate assets on a salary or
$4,000 to $4,000.
Probably the saddest commen-
tary was the testimony of Byron
L. Connell, former States attor-
ney of Pulaski County, Illinois.
He told us of a certain situation
in the river town of Cairo, which,
ever since the boisterous early
days when the rivermen used to
come to town, has had a red light
district. s7Hi
Some years ago." Mr.. Connell
said, with regard to this particu-
lar area of prostitution known al
Thirteenth street, ''the good peo-
pie OF one Of the churches, l be-
lieve it was the Baptist faith.
wanted to build church in the
neighborhood. After due deliber-
alton. the city officials decided
that the girls had prior right
to the locality, no the church peo-,
pie, II they wished to avoid that.
would have to build somewhere
else" :.
Observation-Disclosures: Fan
tas1a in LdlD Enforcement
Condensed from book, Crime in
ica," by Estes Kefauver, Copyriobff amer
puo1sned Py Doubleday he. Distribggse.ld
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28

in the Observation-Disclosures Illinois
area of which st. Louis is the CEN
ter-a studied plan Of assassina-
tons to control all large-Scale
commercial gambling and vice.
During this time, five major
gangs operated in st. Louis: the
Hogan mob, the Egan Rats, the
Cuckoo gang, the so-called Green
Dagoes, composed largely of ST.
cilians. and a gang of Americans
of Italian descent.
An off shoot of the Sicilian mob
was the Pillow gang, so named
because its leader, Carmelo FIRE.
sina. once was shot in the but
tocks and thereafter carried a
pillow with him to use when he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
Crime in America
By Estes Kefouver
Former Chairman of Senate
Crime Committee.

Crime is big business in the st.
Louis area.
Mostly, the sections shadowy
activities are centered now on
illegal gambling. However, the
Senate Crime Committee found
that this gambling is not merely
the innocent, harmless biological
necessity" which James Joseph
Carol, the cantankerouS multi
dollar-a-year bookmaker,
called it.
In the past 10 years, there have
been Is unsolved gang murders
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28

This is the eleventh Of O series OF 20
articles condensed from the book,
Crime in America" by Senator Ke-
fouyer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28

Farming is the main activity for
three-fourths Of Mexico's popu-
lation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28

1t takes four to five years for
q lobster to reach maturity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28

EDUCATIONAL.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-07-28
DAYTIME
OR
EVENING

Veteruns last
opportunity I'M
der the 81 Bill.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-03-02
DAMOGED RADIO FINISH

Question: l glued piece of felt
on the under side of a statuette,
using airplane cement. Then set
it OIL top of the radio. l now find
that the heat from the radio has
dried the felt and glue right into
the finish. Is there any solution
that would loosen or soften the air
plane cement without harming the
mahogany finish of the radio?
Answer: Any solution that would
soften the airplane cement would
also damage the finish of the radio
cabinet. Try to take off the thick
est part of the felt Il am supposing
that the statuette has been pulled
Off by very gentle scraping with
dull knife, then go over the re-
naming pieces with very fine steel
wool moistened with turpentine.
Some dulling of the finish must be
expected. But you can brighten it
with thin coat of paste wax, let
it dry, and then polish well.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-03-02
DECORATING WALLS

Question: We live in a new home
and it is now year since it was
plastered. How do we go about
preparing the walls for paint or
wallpaper? Is it advisable to use a
resln-base, water emulsion paint?
Answer: Your own newspaper
probably has many lelpful sug-
gestions on decorating You can
also find many articles in home
magazines and books at your pub
lie library. If you are going to
hang wallpaper, the walls must
first have a coat of good glue size.
q assume the plaster is free of
dirt and grease.) Some Of the wall
paper and paint manufacturers
issue printed instructions on how
TO paper room, and give list of
tools and equipment that will be
needed. If you wish to use water
paint, you will not need sizing. II
you use an oil paint, you can apply
the first or printing coat as size.
Most painters do not care for glue
size. before paint job.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-03-02
City People With Money
Initiate Farmland Market

The agriculture department re-
ports that city folks with money
and worries about possible further
shrinkage in its buying power-are
helping to initiate the farmland
market.
Many buyers are businessmen and
investors who are seeking good
farms as an investment hedge
against initiation. AS a result farm
prices increased on a national aver
age basis 3 per cent between July
and November of last year. They
now are per cent above the rec
ord set in March, 1920.
The department said land values
advanced in all states. The east
north central states showed the
largest average gain for any region
&c per cent-but the west north
central, west south central and
pacific regions were up per cent.
Average prices are highnr than
a year ago in all but three states.
Florida showed the largest gain
10 per cent-largely because of ia
vorable returns from citrus fruits
and pasture lands.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-03-02

These II girls captured top prizes
IN the national All clothing achieve
ment contest at the International
Livestock Exposition. Each won
$500 scholarship for her skill. They
are, lett to right, Arlene O,son, ID,
of Hartland, Mimi; Bonnie Needler,
ID, Hartford City, Ind; Joan Engle,
Is, Abilene, Kan; Evelyn Waugh,
II, White Plains, NY; Mary Dick,
II. Yukon, Okla; Bettye Deem, l6,
Jena, La; Patricia Lynch, II.
Gaithersburg, Md; Dolores Nom
bac, l6, Las Cruces, NM.; Nancy
Boyd, l6, Seedy, Tenn; Dorthy
Straus, ID, johnson, VT; Wilma
Beale, II, Pomeroy, Wash; and
Dorothy Heiderman, II. Sheboygan
Falls, Wis.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-03-02

The last cubes of pot roast can be
placed in a casserole of noodles and
held together with rich, brown
gravy. Add leftover peas and car
rots for color if you have them.
Slivers of pork roast offer a good
meal when they're fried with cooked
rice and mushrooms. Scramble eggs
in the mixture of rice, mushrooms
and pork, if you want to extend it
What could be better than a club
sandwich of lettuce, tomato and
bacon? Serve with thin American
cheese :auce. and you'll have q
meal.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-03-02
Bad Utensils Can Hurt
Quality Of Milk, Cream

Milk pals, milking machine con.
tainers, strainers or milk and cream
cans often are the cause of poor
quality milk and cream, according
to dairy marketing specialists.
Dairy utensils with open seams,
rusty spots or rough surfaces caused
by dents, rough solder or milestone
cannot be properly cleaned. Bac-
terra thrive in these places because
small portions of milk or cream
lodge in the creviceS.