davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-10-02
FINISHER

Experienced. for piano work. Perman.
ent full-time position. Five.day wk..
elght-hour day. all benefits. Salary
S5S to 500 per week, dependent on
ability. Replies confidential. immedi-
HUGO WeodkcH, sa5 G St. NV.
FIREMAN, sober. dependable: large
stoeker.fsd hot-water boilers. AR.
FOOD CMEcKEkRR-cAsHiiiEaRs.e iase' 4o-hour
week: $40 week. plus extra time and
weekday afternoons. Room 1880, Ma.
tional Press BLDG. 14th and r sts.
FoRMIcA MAN, experienced man
5astsst 5nssdsd ior s9ovsI. one q Wsshington.s
steady' year round employment:
man to advance. Top wages paid.
JOHN G: WEBSTER q SONS, INC.
est. 1912. 627 T st. NV. .
FOUNTAIN CLERKS
Fullttime positions. 10 years of age
ment; discount priVii. and other en-
pRgG 1g STORE Employment Once.
FOUNTAIN LUNCHEON HELP wanted
Full or part time. Good pay.
disqualification plan. discount on
purchases. Apply in person. AM
BASSADoR DRUG STORE, 14th and
FGEL on DRIvER, yirsinia expert
fafs 0SIsas5Gse SRoosLssD ri eo iRS 'ss .nd
Michigan ave: ne; Ia. 6-73s3. "A
top salary to rleiable man; 6-dey
HOUSE & HERMANN. 9TH and
Eye SITS. NV. 4
FURNITURE STORE has opening for
young man to learn business; must
starting salary and assured future.
Apply HOUSE Il HERMANN, ith
Evening star., 1951-10-02
POTOMAC EMPL.

1884 Wilson Blvd, Arl. OW. 17o(
Free Parking Rear of Bldg.
Open Every Eve. TO 9. Sat. to l.
NATL EMPL. SERVICE
1919 18th St NV. EX. 1870
ATTENTION, WOMEN
MANY INTERESTING JOBS
5 DAYS; So, 3,SO0-S2,400.
SECY., direct mail adv 5000
6ECY.. legal So. 400
0AoH'' 0essaasFs MhSY OTHERS S''0oO
CLERK-TYPISTS
RECEPTIoNIsT-TYPIsTs - $1,000
CY.-TYPIST $2,S0C
POSTING TYPIST - $4,000
Cow. TYPISTS, .5s days $3.12O
MANY OTHERS
ABOVE POSITIONS
Includes. Public. Relations, Embassies,
Advertising. etc.
NO TYPING
COMPTOMETER OPRS. --- $4,000
BANK TRAINEES - S2,4OO
OTHERS.
MEN ..
partial listing below)
(natl: Coz; systems divi-
sion $3.50 plus commission
SALES natl. co.,, age 25-35 yrs.
ASSISTANT s SALES NC MGR: vii ill., ill., uO'
cLERK-TYPIsTs tmany) $3.50
mfg. cost, exper..
JR. BooKKEEPERs s55-Se5 S1 Wk.
RAM ATTENDANTS, airlines,
CLERK $S65 mo mo-
CLERK. Nd. auto.
nee. $4s wk., plus car allowance
DESK CLERKS, hotel $3.50 mo-
CREDIT INTERVIEWER $3.50
DITTO OPERATOR (payroll) S65
(under 400, M. P. expolice-
man or Govt. guard, exp.---$60 wk
PARTY CHIEF fexp.) $3.50
ARCHITECTURAL craftsman degree
INSTRUMENT MEN (5), bldg. layout
exp. nee. $500
RODMEN (2), under 80 80. $3.50
OVERSEAS
PARTY CHIEF Mediterranean
const. turkey, ~
30 yrs, sgle.; cost plus, flxed fee,
Army or Navy $4,000
$4,000 salary plus rm. and
board and travelling expenses
Evening star., 1951-10-02
CHEF

Must be Of the working va.
riety, thoroughly experienced,
able to show low food costs.
Write Box 164-S, Star.
Evening star., 1951-10-02
EEARK EEEAARSK PAR4oNHIs Z Ry4SoNHIss

y. CARL hlLL,
Attorney for. .Noteholder.
SEES 27,29, ,oc2 4.
Evening star., 1951-11-18
by Henry S. Calus
Photograph BY Arthur Shay

livestock losses, but the carnage - and the
waste - continue.
In le48, for instance, figures from the live
stock exchanges showed $500 hogs, 25,5OO
sheep and l4,7OO cattle dead on arrival.
Scared Meat Prohibited
| HREE times that many animals arrive at the
stockyards each year alive but bruised. And
since Federal laws prohibit the sale of scared
meat for human consumption. the damaged
part has to be trimmed out and the waste is
enormous.
In three-year study of bruise loss alone,
Evening star., 1951-11-18

NToT long ago. truck rolled up to the
~ unloading dock in Kansas City stock
yard after long haul across the state. The
driver hoped out cockily; he'd made good
time. whipping his trailer full of stock around
like a toy. He threw open the rear end -
and uttered an oath.
The twisted carcasses of six calves lay
sprawled on the floor Two others were still
able to stand, but blood was trickling from
open wounds in their flesh. A vicious looking
steel spike. overlooked by the handler was
sticking out of the side planking.
This slaughter in transit could have been
avoided If it were an isolated incident. it
would remain simply regrettable. But
manned and battered animals are arriving
every day at markets all over the country.
Entirely apart from humane considerations,
this means there is an annual waste of millions
of pounds of meat - 7O,OOO,OOO pounds or
fifty million dollars worth last year. And this
at time when you are paying over dollar
pound for steak!
Waste at any time is bad, but when it is
coupled with barbarism. it is criminal. The
American Humane Society and its allied
societies have joined in the campaign against
Evening star., 1951-11-18

Wilson and Company found that 36 per cent
of the hogs and 38 per cent of the cattle had
to be at least partially wasted.
Out of 2O4 cattle received recently at a
Midwest packing house, bruises appeared on
16l head. Over three and half tons of the
meat had to be condemned - enough beef
to feed 40 people for year.
This needless and cruel waste, together with
the threat of black markets, has led to an
intensified campaign by Livestock Conserva-
ton, Inc, the national organization for pre-
vention of livestock losses.
Meat packers, livestock exchange officials,
Evening star., 1951-11-18

railroad men and other segments of the in
dustry set up Livestock Conservation. Inc,
in 1884 as the National Livestock Loss Pre-
vention Board Now, with an increasingly
acute problem and new name, it is also
supported by the American Meat Institute,
the Tanners Council and the Veterinary
Medical Association. 1t has embarked on
an elaborate educational campaign to alert
shippers and handlers to the problem
Truckers Are Nest To Blame
HIS huge meat waste need not occur"
says DR.. J. R. Pickard, general manager of
Livestock Conservation, Inc. We're able to
trace the majority of cases right back to
thoughtlessness or cruelty in the marketing
of the farm animals"
While the railroads share in the blame,
most of the responsibility lies with the truck
ers. About 80 per cent of all animals are car
ried to market lat least part way) by truck
Not all operators are careless or inhumane
many trucking concerns have excellent records
= but the serious offenders kill and MAIN
twice as many hogs and cattle and nearly four
times as many sheep as the railroads.
Continued on page 20
Evening star., 1951-11-18
AMERICAS CRUELEST WASTE

With meat prices at a record high, careless
brutality is destroying 10000, 900 pounds of
livestock a year on the way to stockyards. {.
Kodiak mirror. [volume] (Kodiak, Alaska) 1940-1976, 1951-06-09

The U. S. Defense Bonds you buy give
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Remember that when you're buying
Defense Bonds you're building personal
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So go to your company's pay Office
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Kodiak mirror. [volume] (Kodiak, Alaska) 1940-1976, 1951-06-09

Ut the very moment you're reading these words
this man is standing ready to risk his life
for America and for you.
Is there anything that YOU can do to help HIM?
Yes. Starting right now you can buy MORE.
and more and more United States Defense* Bonds!
Sign up for them today through the
Payroll Savings Plan where you work or the
Bond-A-Month Plan where you bank.
Defense is your job, too!
Evening star., 1951-12-02
What Is Known

Despite criticism of the services
casualty reporting procedures, it
appears evident that casualty re-
ports are quite reliable. There is
no evidence that battle casualty
figures have been falsified at any
time during the Korean war.
The latest casualty report shows
1886 Americans currently miss
ing. This is fact The latest atroc-
ity estimate is approximately
5000" This is conjecture. To
place the conjectural figure along
side the factual one is neither good
sense nor good arithmetic. One
figure says, in effect, "Of all the
people who should be here today,
1886 aren't here" The other says,
We've had 5000 reports OF atroci-
Evening star., 1951-12-02

the Pentagon for getting out Of
channels:
1T had been concluded some
months ago, that at an appropri-
ate time when the accumulated
evidence warranted and when due
ordination had been effected
with the proper authorities in
Washington, this evidence should
be made public. That this CO.
ordination was not properly effect
ed at the time of this release is of
the utmost regret to this head
quarters"
Unsatisfactory Settlement
Later, even Pentagon public re-
lations men agreed that Gen.
Ridgway's statement was unsat-
isfactory, as far as imparting any
concrete information was con-
cerned. Pressed for more details,
he responded, after another lapse
of three days, on November 20.
The total number of American
atrocity victims whose bodies have
been recovered, Gen. Ridgway said,
is 365-254 of them identified and
duly reported to next of kin as
killed, the other Ill still unidenti-
fed. Then he added:
". ). There is considerable evi-
dence to justify a presumption of
death by atrocity of a large num-
ber which may approximate 5000.
Neither the fact nor manner of
death in individual cases has yet
been established"
Headquarters had been heard
from. At the end of the first week
of suspense, the situation seemed
to boil down to this: 16,805 Amer
Evening star., 1951-12-02
Still in the Dark

The public, in short, is in the
dark about good many things.
It knows that a colonel made a
statement, that a general made q
statement, that an earlier state
ment by the general was unearthed
by happenstance and that all
through the uproar the Pentagon's
high-powered information service
lay doggo despite public clamor for
the truth.
The public does not yet know why
Col. Hanley made his statement,
especially in view of his later
remark that talk about war crimes
would be dynamite. The public
does not know, either, why the
military chain of command kept
universally silent about the U. N.
report, prompt release and explana-
ton Of which might have cleared
up many misconceptions. Nor does
the public know-most important
of all-exactly what the military
knows about the atrocities, as
opposed to what it thinks or
presumes.
Meanwhile, at the Pentagon,
officials are trying to learn, in the
words of one of them, "how many
of these atrocities were spontane-
GUS, in the heat of battle, and
how many were calculated affairs,
dictated by top-level policy" This
fine distinction between ways in
which son or husband may have
met his death will, undoubtedly, be
lost on the majority of next of kin.
That there have been atrocities
cannot be doubted; the picture at
the top Of this page bears witness
to one-and one is one too many.
But public temper regarding the
peace that may be drawing near
at Panmunjom is likely to depend
largely on facts that, II days after
the Pusan press conference, still
have not come to light.
The Chinese say the whole
atrocity story is a lie. When ex-
change of prisoners comes up on
the Panmunjom agenda, they will
have an opportunity to put up or
shut up. Meanwhile, additional
information from the Pentagon and
Tokyo would go long way toward
preparing the American public for
what comes when the gates of
POW camps swing open after the
ceaSe-fire.
Evening star., 1951-12-02

leans known to be dead: approM-
mately 5000 others-among fewer
than 11,000 missing-presumed to
be dead. How the reports were ar
rived at still was unclear-how re-
liable they might be was left un-
said.
Not left unsaid, however. was a
reprimand for Col. Hanley: "Hls
duties do not involve responsibility
for the reporting Of casualties aris-
Ing from the Korean operation"
Then, on November "A, the story
Of the Ridgway report was made
public. A reporter, fumbling
through q stack Of handouts at the
u. N. In New York, came across Gen.
Ridgway's report No. % to the
United Nations. It had been lying
in the pile for a week or more.
Another set Of copies had been
available for nearly two weeks at
General Assembly headquarters in
Paris.
The American press, admittedly.
had been asleep at the switch. But
no one In the Government had
taken the trouble to rouse the
sleeping switchman as the train of
public opinion roared down the
track.
Finally, last Wednesday, Gen.
Ridgway issued a third statement
in the series since the Hanley Incl
dent-eight days after his second
one, four days after the U. N. re-
port story broke. Designed to
clarity the discrepancy between his
5000 figure in the U. N. report and
his 5000 figure on November 20,
the statement hardly lived up to
specifications. 1t said only what
had been said before-in slightly
more involved language-and failed
to answer simply the big question:
What's this all about?
Evening star., 1951-12-02
Inopportune Time

Certainly, Col. Hanley couldn't
have picked a more inopportune
time to release his atrocity state
ment. The door to the conference
tent at Panmunjom was beginning
at last to look like the threshold to
peace. The battle line was fairly
static, and the current missing"
category In the casualty lists had
been lowering below the 1000
mark, virtually without change, for
several months. There seemed to
be no good reason to issue the
statement, and any number of good
reasons not to issue 1t.
But when the colonel spoke, the
cat was out of the bag. An attor-
ney, he spoke in no uncertain terms,
in language which, coming from
lawyer. had Strong semantic sig
nificance. He spoke of what "the
record" showed-a record of kill
ings and barbarism." He spoke of
incidents being recorded In the
United Nations files. He spoke Of
group of prisoners who "were trans
ported from a prison camp near
Pyongyang and shot," He spoke of
a group of 200 Marines known to
have been killed"
Just for the Troops
Later Col. Hanley explained that
he had just wanted to tell the
troops at the front about their
enemy. But soldiers back in the
United States from Korea say that
misconceptions about the good will
OF the Reds never were harbored in
the front lines. And-while Col.
Evening star., 1951-12-02
HonIey Statement

Taking the atrocity reports In
their proper context-they are re-
ports, not proved instances-the
Hanley statement of November IA
needs close scrutiny.
One of the baldest statements
made by the colonel was.
1.-THE largest number of Ameri-
cans known to have been killed by
the Chinese was a group of 200
United States Marines killed on De-
cember TO- 1850, near Sinhung on
orders of the regimental COM
mander of the 23d Regiment of
the 81st Division of the Chinese
Communist forces"
On November 20 1t. Gen. Lemuel
G, Shepherd, newly designated to
be commandant Of the Marine
Corps, said at Tokyo that Marines
weren't involved in Col. Hanley's
figures because Marines don't get
captured"
Obviously, both men couldn't, be
right. AS 1t turned out, 1t seems
likely that both were wrong. Ma
rines have been captured in the
Korean war-282 Of them are listed
currently as missing and some are
presumed to be prisoners-but there
is no evidence available in Wash
ington that 200 ever were lost at
one place and one time.
How Did He Know?
Col. Hanley said the fact of their
murder was known-but he did not
explain how he knew. Sinhung
was in Chinese hands on December
10 and has been held by the enemy
ever since. No neutral observers
such as the International Red Cross
have visited Sinhung, and as far as
is known, no one has seen or pho
tographed the bodies. Marine
Corps headquarters here processes
to know of no such incident as the
one. described by Col. Hanley.
This is not to put it past the Chi
nese to commit such an atrocity; it
is simply to indicate that what
ordinarily would suffice as proof"
in the usual lawyers meaning of
the word appears to be lacking in
the case of the Sinhung massacre.
Elsewhere in his statement Col.
Hanley alluded to the release last
winter of "a small number of Amer
lean prisoners" as a propaganda
gesture by the Chinese. The prop
aganda value of happy, well-fed
Americans undoubtedly did not
escape the Communists, but the
phrase small number" is mislead-
ing. Casualty reports show that
slightly more than 10 per cent of
the Americans originally listed as
missing have returned to military
control. Some of them hid out be-
hind Red lines and beat their way
to friendly territory; others escaped
from their Chinese captors; still
others were released. But an en-
couraging fact-that one out of
every 10 missing men has, in the
past, returned to American lines
was not emphasized at any time
Evening star., 1951-12-02
New Word for Snau Needed in Korean Atrocity Story

during the two-week hassle fol-
lowing the Hanley report.
One question that arises from
comparative analysis of the Ridg-
way U. N. report and the Hanley
statement has to do with the num-
ber of atrocities repeatedly perpe-
trated by the Chinese.
Gen. Ridgway's statement said,
"As of July 20, 1851, approximately
5000 United States military person.
mel have been reported killed as war
crimes victims. OF this number,
approximately 1000 were reported
killed by the North Koreans and
the remainder by the Chinese
Communists"
Col. Hanley declared, on the other
hand: "The record shows . that
the Chinese have killed 2,513 tUnit-
ed States) prisoners of war since
November /, 1850 ="
No ReconciIing the Two
There is no way to reconcile these
two statements, which Pentagon
sources say must both have origi-
mated with Col. Hanley. On the one
hand, Gen. Ridgway says that 1000
Americans were slain by the Chi
nese Reds between China's entry
IN the war a year ago and July 20.
On the other hand, Col. Hanley says
that 2,513 Americans were killed
by Chinese in the period between
China's entry and the middle of
last month. Since only three re-
ports of atrocity have been received
since last June, there Is a discrep-
ancy of about 1900 in the Hanley
and Ridgway figures for the same
period-from China's entry in the
war through June 80, 1851.
Had the two reports differed in
the other direction-had Gen.
Ridgway's spoken of 2,513 Chinese
atrocity reports and Col. Hanley's
OF 1,000-the disparity could have
been explained away by the time
lag. But as things stand, no such
explanation suff1ces and no expla-
nation of any kind has been made.
Evening star., 1951-12-02

about 5,4D0 reports Of atrocity; first
quarter OF 195I-about 800; second
quarter of l95l-about 500; since
July three. The great majority
of these reports are unverified.
These reports come from. every
where. Prisoner of war interroga-
ton oftentimes turns up war crimes
information. Refugees from be-
hind the enemy lines sometimes
bring news that goes into war
crimes files. And frequently Amer
ican soldiers tell of this or that in
cident observed. All these data are
sifted by war crimes officers.
Gen. Ridgway's efforts last
Wednesday to explain discrepancies
brought out one fact that had been
overlooked. Stripped Of its high
gobbledygook content, this state
ment said that since the months
old 5000 -atrocity figure had been
reported to the U. NJ, roughly one
fourth of the war crimes reports
had been junked as valueless, and
that 5000 were still under investi-
cation.
It would have saved a lot of
heartache If some one had said that
in plain English on November Is,
instead of forcing the American
people to wait for 13 days and
translate it from officialese. :.
Meanwhile, the only fact the
public can sink its teeth into is that
proved atrocities number just 365.
Evening star., 1951-12-02

TONFUSION, in the wry lexicon
~ of the CT, is simply a matter
of degree. The everyday word for
1t is snafu: Situation normal, all
fouled up. A more intense kind of
confusion is described by the word
tarfu:: Things are really fouled up.
And in its superlative form, the
word is tubar:: Fouled up beyond
all recognition.
This week end, half a month
after an unheralded but Nation
rocking press conference at Pusan,
Korea, it was apparent that the
military services needed a newer
and more extreme form of the word
to describe the Korean atrocity
story.
There were four figures in the
mill, each of a sufficient order of
magnitude to strike terror into the
hearts of Servicemen's kin. Was it
$500, or 5000, or 6,270, or 5000
this figure on the number of Amer
leans who had been brutally slain
while captives of the Chinese and
Korean Reds? Or was 1t none of
these-and if so, was the true
figure greater than any, or less?
When, on the heels of this muddle
another confused situation arose
the matter of to-cease r-not-to-
ceaSe-fire-the Korean atrocity
story was threatened with oblivion.
And the Pentagon's public relations
men gave every indication of feel
ing that oblivion was right where
they would like to consign the
whole atrocity mess.
Since Col. James M. Hanley told
reporters at Pusan November IA
that an estimated $500 Americans
had been slain in cold blood by
their captors, there had been plenty
of time for a Qualification of the
atrocity story-even If all the cor
respondence between Washington
and Tokyo had been carried on by
the relatively slow medium Of air
mail. But at the end of last week,
the truth still was not clear.
Telephones Silent
Though it is hardly more difficult
for q Pentagon general to call
Tokyo than to call the Army and
Navy Country Club, there had not
been, in that narrowing fortnight,
a single telephone or teletype con-
ference, between Washington and
Tokyo on this vital subject.
Not one handout explaining the
shocking situation in clear and
unequivocal terms had been issueu
by the normally busy public rela-
tionS Office at the Pentagon.
The White House, called on by
legislators for the full story, either
hadn't obtained it from Tokyo or
hadn't passed 1t on to the American
people.
And as December began, the
American people were beginning to
wonder why.
Evening star., 1951-12-02

ties" The two figures are talking
about different things.
It is the private opinion of cas-
ualty reporting experts at the
Pentagon-who have no more off,
cial business to be talking about
war crimes than Col. Hanley had
to be talking about casualties
that the atrocity figures from Ko-
rea are too high. They cite numer-
Gus cases of men being reported
dead and later turning up alive; Of
men being listed as dead of one
cause and later being determined
dead of something else. They cite,,
too, the case of a badly wounded
CT left for dead in retreat, writ
ing home months later from a Red
prison camp, fully cured of his
wounds. They point out that while
only 174 men are listed officially as
captured, there is good (but not
overwhelming evidence that others
are in Red camps as well. They
emphasize, too, that war crimes in
vestigation, by its nature, turns up
many cases that duplicate others in
the files-and that these duplica-
tions are often overlooked.
Only Since June
1t is on record at the Pentagon,
too, but was not made available
to the public, that atrocity re-
ports since the first of this year
have been relatively few in number
and that only three such reports
have been received since the peace
talks began at Kaesong last sum-
mer. The figures, according to a
reliable source, break down this
way: Prior to January l, 1851