davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1951-08-01
0unaUQH.I

Editors note: AS Mr.. McCol-
lum explains in this article. he
was born in Central Montana
and had much experience in
ranching and freighting in the
old days. He now operates
ranch near Ingomar and has
business interests in Three
Forks. where he makes his
home.
FROM SHORTLY after the time
when gold was discovered in the
surrounding mountains Of the Judith
Basin country in central Montana in
the early 8O's, up until late in the
fall of 1908, when the "JaWbone"
railroad came into LewistoWn, all
merchandise and equipment for the
mining camps and fast growing
towns had to be freighted long dis
tances overland with string teams of
oxen, horses and mules from such
points on the railroad as Billings,
Great Falls, Fort Benton and later,
Harlowton, over rough trails with
few bridges and many hills.
This team drawn transportation
consisted of from 6 to 8 horses on
the faster moving stage coaches car
rying passengers, U. S. mail, gold
dust, ETC., to the long, heavy laden,
slow-moving strings of horses, mules
or oxen. A single outfit consisted OF
as many as % head of work stock
with four or five wagons and cook
caboose trailing.
The horse and mule teams were
mostly driven with one line calico
the 'jerk-line," long rope leading
from small swinging chain on tn,
bit of the near lead horse to the sid
of the lead wagon.
When left turn was desired, tn
driver simply pulled on the line
When right turn was to be mad
he gave a jerk on the line, thus caus
ing the near leader or ine-horse /
throw his head up and swing to tn
right latter much training som,
times). A stick called a jockey site
leading from this horse to his team
mates bit caused this horse to go
the right.
Being born and reared on ranc
in this part of the country, / hav
had a great deal to do with all kin
of teamwork, both tame and wi
ones and have had some bad al
costly mixups with large and SIN;
outfits. The biggest one / ever ha
but which turned out to be Il
smallest, is the one I am going
tell about.
$4,000 Pounds Of Dynamite
It's the summer of 1903 and I
stringin' bosses, with four wager
caboose an saddle pony trailin'. I
the last big season for us freighte
into the basin an I'm feelin' kind
blue. This trip Pm loaded heavy wi
around $4,000 pounds Of giant po-
58-Auoust !, 1851
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1951-08-01

There was nothing left
for me TO do but throw
up my hands and watch
the outcome.
Evening star., 1951-08-12
New York Cotton

prices rose SI.5o to So. 80 a bale on the ne
New York Cotton Exchange this week with
tne largest gain in the nearby October
contract and the smallest on the distant
December
There was some price fixing and short
covering early in the week to stimulate
But during the late week sessions the
urge to buy came mostly from the Govern
ment announcement eliminating export
quotas.
There was some purchasing too on con-
tinued unfavorable crop reports from cen
tral and Southern Texas.
Hedge selling, scattered LIQUIDATION and
some pront taxing came into the market
At intervals during the week but never 70
the extent that they overshadoWed the
strengthening factors.
effect on the market. The estimate was
for 1926 900 bales and since previous
private predictions averaged 17,353,0o0
oaies me oficial was pretty much dis
The elimination of export quotas was a
little more of surprise than the crop
estimates
Many traders had expected an increased
export quota in view of large crop but not
as many expected that the export quota
would be eliminated entirely and exports
Exchange statisticians figured that un-
less crop prospects deteriorate exports for
the full season will run close to 5000. 900
oaleS. 1nlS WoulQ compare with 4,35O,-
900 bales last season under Government
quota.
Based on August 1 forecasts the ex-
change figured the prospective domestic
supply of all cotton this season would be
about 19,250.0O0 running bales.
This would compare with 1000 900
last season and 21,505, 900 two seasons
back.
Exports during the FIRST week Of the
season were estimated at $4,000 bales,
COMPARED with 10000 the previous week
and 47,000 a year ago.
Evening star., 1951-08-12
Stock Prices Advance
Early in Week, Then
Drift for Net Loss
By Roder Wineet
Assoeioted Press Financial Writer

NEW YORK. Aug. II. Up.
Psychology played a major role
in the stock market this week
first in giving prices a major for
ward push and then in letting
them drift quietly to q net loss.
And in the midst of all this
there was a high degree of selec-
tivity in buying and selling strict
ly on the basis Of earnings and
dividend reports and other cor
porate developments.
This week the market just about
ignored the broad sweep of eco
nomic trends. the growing threat
of long term initiation, the short
term difficulties with deflationary
inroads, and the progress of cease
fire negotiations in Korea.
AP Average Drops.
The Associated Press average
of 60 stocks declined so cents and
ended the week at $96.20. That
was the first decline after a solid
dve-week advance.
On Monday there was a steady
advance with the industrial seq
ment leading. All the rest of the
week the market sagged. Rails
stepped ahead and offered leader
ship to the rest of the market on
several occasions, but there was
no enthusiasm.
Volume Bullish.
The action of the volume was
on the bullish side. Trading
amounted to 100000 shares, with
the market losing ground, while
last week the total was 8,538, 900
shares. while the market was
rising.
National Power & Light was the
weeks most active issue up 7s at
23s with 249, 400 shares changing
hands. 1t was followed by Socony-
Vacuum "a at 343s, international
Telephone up 7s at 165s, New
York Central up "a at 1872. Gen.
eral Motors up IA at so, and
RadiL Corp. up p at 2134. Five
of the 20 most active issues ended
lower.
Evening star., 1951-08-12
1900 Investment Reports
Free With
81 Trial Subscription

70 keep better posted on stock values,
prospects and unusual investment oppor-
tunities, send only $500 for all this:
(a) Next 5 weekly issues of FINANCIAL
WORLD tRead our 3 coming articles,
GROWTH STOCKS FOR SUBSTAN-
TIAL PROFITS");
(b) One copy comprehensive M o thly
pocket Stock Guide. with our RAT
INGS and condensed reports on 1000
listed stocks;
(cl "62 STOCKS WITH FIRST CLAIM
ON PROFITS; ''2O Common Stocks
BE- In Well-Fortifed Earnings Positions
& and "12 Stocks Now More Than 4O%
Under 1916 Highs"
RETURN "AD" WITH $500 TO, all
the above. Yearly rate $40, including
296.bage I9sI-Reuised IS STOCK
FACTOGRAPH" BOOK. Money
Back In 80 Days if rot satisfied.
FINANCIALLY WORLD
e6-FM Trinity Place. New York 6. N. Y.
Evening star., 1951-08-12
Business Briefs

New York Stock Exchange re.
ported that on July 81 it had listec
GIT bond issues aggregating &c.,.
975,038,547 par value with a mar.
ket value of $98, Asst, ,150,297 com.
pared with 916 issues aggregatine
$99, ,957. .738,829 par value and 8
market value of $97.817 ,684, 1856 or
June 80.
Trinity College announced II
will release G. Keith Funston as
its president September z in order
to permit him to assume his new
duties as president of the New
York Stock Exchange September
10.
Montgomery Ward g. Co. sales
totaled $79,656,643, down 24.1 per
cent from 1850; for months,
540,830,343, down 0.4 per cent
from 1850.
Melville Shoe Corp. July sales
totaled 5,423, ,487, up IL per cent
from 1850; for 80 weeks to July
%, $50.850,190. UP % per cent
from 1850.
Shoe Corp. of America July
sales totaled $3.918,592. up 1894
per cent from 1850; for 7 months,
$28.178,736, up lit per cent from
1850.
Howard Stores Corp. July sales
totaled $1,135,125, down 4 per cent
from 1850; for Z months, $14,-
642, ,298, down 0.5 per cent from
1850.
Elgin National Watch Co. will
celebrate completion of its so
millionth watch on September 7,
a record it claims is unequalled by
any other watch maker in the
world.
Manufacturing Chemists Asso-
citation announced establishment
Of the Lammont du Pont safety
awards to be given annually to
two member companies showing
the greatest improvement in plant
safety over the preceding five
years.
Proctor & Gamble Co. in year
ended June 80 earned $51, ,28O, ,231
or $5.31 a share VS.. $61 1,092, ,079
or $6.33 in 1850.
New England Telephone G. Tele-
graph Co. in 6 months ended June
80 earned $8,332,156 VS.. $9,285,o16
in 1850 period.
Publicker Industries in 6 months
ended June 80 earned $3.50, ,68l
or SO cents a share VS.. $1,268, ,797
or A cents in 1850 period.
International Utilities Corn. in
year ended June 80 earned ST.
37l ,699 or Sill a share VS.. ST.
528.73 or $1.94 in 1850.
E. L. Bruce Co. in year ended
June 80 earned $1,S73,116 or $6.39
a share VS.. $1.428,137 or $4.81 in
1850.
Globe Union, Inc. in 6 months
ended June 80 earned 1912, 1926 or
$1.30 a share VS.. 1,159, ,286 or $1.81
in 1850 period.
Sunshine Mining Co. in 3
months ended June 80 earned
$386,613 or 26 cents a share VS..
$477,152 or 80 cents in 1850
period.
Evening star., 1951-08-12

particularly in terested in the
Scandinavian countries. Leading
bankers with whom he will con-
fer include top officials of the
ISvenska Handelsbanken Of Stock
holm. largest bank in Sweden.
Mrs. Baird will accompany him
on the trip. They will visit their
daughter, Mrs. Mark H. Cornell,
who lives in Stockholm, where
her husband is a member of the
Economic Cooperation Admini-
stration in Sweden. They expect
to return to Washington Sep
tember /.
Official and men employees Of
the Terminal Refrigerating &
Warehouse Corp. are looking for
ward to an old-fashioned Satur-
day afternoon barbecue August
rs. It will be given at the home
of j. o. johnson, general manager,
lat 1903 Thirty eighth street in
Brentwood, Md. -.
Store Sales Decline.
Department store sales in WASH
ington for the week ended August
4 were II per cent in dollar value
below the comparable week Of
1850. the Federal Reserve Bank
|of Richmond reported yesterday.
Compared with the week ended
July 2s however, they jumped
seven per cent. For the four weeks
ended August 4. they were 10 per
cent under the same period a year
ago. Tie higher sales volume in
the 1850 period reflected scare
buying" ut its peak, the Richmond
bank reported.
For the Fifth District as
whole, department store sales
continued well under the level of
last years run" on stores. Though
gaining eight per cent from the
preceding week, dollar value
dipped Ii per cent below the COM
parable week in 1850. Largely re-
sponsibie for the drop. the Re-
serve bark said, were slower sales
Of household appliances.
Sales Tax Revenues Up,
Collections from State sales and
use taxes have amounted to an
all-time high of more than SIS
billion nationally, the Commerce
Clearing House reported yesterday.
The Washington sales tax con-
tributed $14,991.196 toward the
total at the end Of June 80, first
full year of the levy. Another
working days take" would have
put the figure over the SIS million
mark, officials said.
The national total, the report
stated, amounts to more than one
sixth of the total tax collections of
about SO billion made by all State
governments. a significant show
ing in view Of the fact that three
of the richest States, New York,
Pennsylvania and Texas, have no
sales tax laws. However, in New
York City, where a sales and use
tax has long been in effect, the
rate was raised from 2 per cent to
per cent on May !.
Evening star., 1951-08-12
WEEKLY SUMMARY QE IHE NEW YORK STOCK EXcHANGE6an
Savings Dip 100000
In Last Week Of July,
5th District Reports
By Nelson M. Shepard

People in the Fifth District
were still spending freely in the
week ended August /, figures re-
leased yesterday by the Federal
Reserve Bank Of Richmond indi-
Gated. .
From 81 banks in leading cities,
including Washington, reports
showed savings accounts decreased
5000, 900 and checking account ac-
tivity went up by $15,402 900 in
the week. The comparison is with
the preceding week.
Discussing the condition of saw
ings, the Richmond report said
the shift in the distribution Of
savings had changed sharply.
Washington banks rose from
fourth place in the period 1886
1949 to second place in 1850 with
new savings of $24 million. Mary
land edged out North Carolina for
first place. recording $28 million
in new savings. North Carolina
dropped to third place, with SIT
million. These were the leading
States in the Fifth District and
shifts were made, also. in the
others. Virginia, for instance, fell
from third to fifth place with new
savings of only 81 million.
Increased Spending Cited.
For the week ended August l.
the Richmond report revealed,
total savings stood at $555, $4,000.
or $11, ,724, 900 lower than at the
same time year ago. The report
said this drop of about per cent
was interesting in the light of
greatly increased spending during
the year." still affected by scare
buying" and uncertainty over con-
trolls. Checks written by indi-
viduals and businesses amounted
to $685., 1923 900, a rise Of $49,707.-
900. or 6 per cent over the COM
parable week Of 1850.
Should savings during the re-
|mainder of 1851 continue at the
rate Of the first half of the year.
the Richmond bank reported, saw
|ings for 1851 would about equal
those of 1850.
psychological factors, such as
prospects for peace, fears or lack
of fears of shortages and the
course Of imitation" the report
added, clearly are governing
along with the tax load, actual or
prospective, and the trend OF
salaries and wages"
Available statistics on savings
during the first five months this
year do not show any distinct
trend, the report observed. Time
deposits increased $11 million or
0.S per cent in this period. Shares
of savings and loan associations
F'ederal Home Loan Bank Sys-
tenn were up $94 million or 8.6
per cent. Net purchases of F and
G bonds totaled 50 million.
On the other hand, there was
no increase in the deposits of
mutual savings banks in Mary.
land and net redemption of $71
million in A-E savings bonds in
the whole Fifth District. leaving
Ia net savings of $36 million for
the first five months this year.
Baird Plans Trip.
Bruce Baird, president of the
National Savings and Trust Co..
is leaving here Thursday by air
for Europe where he will study
Evening star., 1951-08-12
Dividends Announced

NEW YORK. Aug. II R.-
Evening star., 1951-08-12

financing and
banking pro-
cedures during
a ON b in e d
business a n d
vacation trip.
During two
weeks abroad
he will visit
several Of the
European cap
italS to analySe
estate and trust
administrations
and procedures.
The Washing
tnn banker is
Evening star., 1951-08-12
Commodity Prices

NEW YORK, Aug IL GPl.-Wholesale
Commodity prices declined on AVERAGE this
week for the 18th week in row, the
. During the week the index dropped C
the lowest level since last November 6,
but then it edged UP slightly to close al
l92 OF, compared with 1921 last week
end and lS4.19 a year ago.
The base year of this index of 35 i'm
portant wholesale commodity prices is
1925 which equals 100.
New 1881 lows were established this
week by the industrials, grains and cotton
and textile groups of commodities.
: The livestock component also declined
but food was higher and non-ferrous
metals held UNCHANGED.
The index. with comparable figures for
last week and year ago, follows:
Evening star., 1951-08-12
62 Stocks With
FIRST CLAIM
ON PROFITS

Are you among the investors
who recognize the advantage of
owning common stocks in sound
debt-free companies having nei-
fher bonds nor preferred stocks
outstanding? Then don't miss
FINANCIAL WORLDS study of
ks62 STOCKS WITH FIRST
CLAIM ON PROFITS"
Evening star., 1951-08-12

IUnT OF Trading 10 shares. In bankruptcy or re-
or being reorganzed under the Bankruptcy
ACT OF securities assumed by such companies Rates
q diyidendS IN the foregons table are annual dis
Unless otherwise noted special or extra
Itridends are not included. cid Called. Z Ex diyi.
dend. IT Ex rights. . Also extra extras. Plus
Btock dividend Cash or stock; . Paid last year.
rayane In stock estimated cash value on diyi-
clared or paid after stock dividend or sptup. De-
clared or paid this accumulative issue with
dividends IN arrears. Paid this year. dividend omit
ted, deferred or no action taken at last dividend
= I4auidsttng dividend. Peyable In stock. aEsei
cash value undetermined On 6eclarMtlon data
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11
Propose Birth Control For India's Masses To Ease
 Recurring Food Shortages

NEW DELHI, India, (P) - A special commission headed by Prime Minister Nehru announced its recommendations for a five year plan to give India economic and social stability. It includes proposals for birth control to cut India's vast population growth and so ease recurring food short ages. ,.
 The commission, which worked since March 1850, to produce the 344 page report, proposed the spending of $33, ,765, !, 300, ,O0o to spur India's advance toward better ment of her agricultural and in- dustrial position and her national standard of living.
 The report recommended, as means of curbing the population growth-the increase is estimated at 5000, ,00O a year-that the state provide facilities for sterilization or the giving of contraceptive ad- vice on medical grounds.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11
Glenn Highway Extended To Include TOk Cutoff

WASHINGTON, {P)-Secretary of the Interior Chapman Tuesday extended the name of the Glenn Highway to a 135-mile section of the Alaska road system between Gakona Junction and Tok Juno ton on the Alaska highway.
 The newly-named section for merly was known as the Tok Cutoff.
 The 342-mile Glenn highway is named for Captain Edwin F. Glenn, an early Alaska explorer. It now extends from Anchorage by way of Palmer and Glennallen to the Alaska highway, main link with the United States.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11
RUSSIAN JET-ENGINE BETTER

Among the interesting facts brought out by the testimony of General Hoyt S. Vandenberg, Air Force Chief of Staff is the statement that the Russians have jet engine in the MIG15 that is superior to any jet engine that we possess today.
 Moreover, General Vandenberg says that the quantities in which the Russian jets appearing the fronts both in Western Europe and in the Far East indicate that production methods of very excel lent aircraft are now capabiity of the Russians.
 On the other side of the picture the General says that the training of is superior and that gum nery control in aircraft is likewise above that of the Russians This gives planes the advantage al though the Russians have more speed and operate more easily at higher attitudes.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11
British Switch Tactics In Iranian Oil Dispute

TERRAIN, Iran, (H) - A sharp switch in British tactics in the Iranian oil dispute became in- creasingly clear. There's a sur prising move to soft-pedal pre- vious threats to withdraw all Brit ish technicians from Iran and "let the Persians stew in their own oil" A new policy of trying to hang on as long as possible-in the face of naturalization of hold ings of the British-owned Anglo Iranian Oil Company-is replac- ing the tough talk of only week ago that the big refinery at Aba dan and the surrounding South Iranian oil fields would be shut down.
 There was no indication that Mossadegh would change that ''no compromise' determination to seize control of the dollar company's Iranian installations. But government spokesman said the premier is giving careful con- sideration to President Trurnan's offer to send his personal repre- sentative. w. Averell Hartman, to Iran to help find settlement.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11
Dr. Moore, President of Alaska University, Lands Plane On Juneau Icecap

JUNEAU, (P) - Dr. Terri s Moore, president of the University of Alaska, has made four land ings on the famed Juneau icecap in his private plane.
 Moore flew Maynard Miller of New York to a camp on the ice cap, and brought in supplies in the ski-equipped plane. Miller, di- rector of the Juneau icecap re- search project will camp for three weeks on the mountain with Frederick Small, glacier expert, and Charles Wilson, surveyor.
 The Juneau icecap, largest of the kind in the world, has more than a dozen glaciers coming from it. Dr. Moore said he believed the icecap would be big tourist at- traction in the future.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11
It. Coghill of Nenana Preceded Truman As Fourth of July Speaker

It. William F. Coghill of Ne mana was a principal speaker pre- ceding President Truman at the Fourth of July celebration at the Washington Monument in Wash ington.
 It. Coghill, a West Point grad uate and a veteran of the Korea war in which he lost leg, made a special plea for the sale of, United States savings bonds. It. and Mrs. Coghill will leave Wash ington for Fort Benjamin Harri- son in Indiana in the fall where It. Coghill will go to the Ar1ny's finance school for 15 weeks.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11

FOR HIS FRIEND - Jimmy Dur. ante, beloved comedian of screen, radio and T.v. fame, strikes back ait cancer. Jimmy is, appearing tn the 1951 Cancer crusade's news rect trailer, as. a memorial to his partner Lon Clayton who died of cancer last year. Durante asks everyone to contribute to the American Cancer Society by mail. Ina a contribution addressed sim ply to Cancer" cass of the local post office.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11

The people who get rich quick usually get that way by taking the money from people who think they will get rich quick.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11

In 1900, ALDO Americans died of cancer. An estimated 210,000 will die of cancer this year, the American Cancer Society says.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11
Earl Landreth Appointed Civil Defense Director By Gov. Gruening

JUNEAU, R)-Earl Landreth, retired US. Army colonel, was ap- pointed by Gov. Gruening yester- day as Civil Defense Director for Alaska.
 Landreth was named to head the Civil Defense Council and De- partment of Civil Defense created by the last legislature.
 Landreth retired in 1945 after 37 years in the army. He rose from the ranks to second lieutenant while Serving in the Philippines in 1915. He served in China dur ing World War I and was in the South Pacific in World War II.
 Landreth had made his home in Seattle since his retirement.
The Nome nugget., 1951-07-11
GIVEN U. s. CITATION

Presidential Citation has been given the Glou- cestershire Battalion of the 18th British Brigade, by Lieut. Gen James A. Van Fleet for its sacrfcia stand against encircling Chinese Communists in the Seoul area during the April offensive of the Chinese.
 The Battalion, numbering 600 men, cut off and surrounded by the attacking Chinese. Fortynine fought their way from the trap after battling the of Chinese attackers for two days Another mem Der, who wounded, has been rescued after being cared for by Korean family for thirty three days.
 To illustrate the international aspect of the forces fighting in Korea, the lone British survivor dis covered and rescued by Greek patrol
 NOTES AND COMMENTS
 Not satisfied with the perplexities of life the globe people are trying to solve the problem of the plants.
 When man begins to tell you nice things about you, if you are likewise man, be sure the worst is yet to come.
 The idea that American youth are too valuable to flight their countrys battles may be worth some thing politically but if put into effect will the end of the United States
, 1951-09-29
insurance. Co
OF New York
Writes Fire and Hurricane
c. O.. Markoe. Agent
Christiansted

facilities and financial support
from local revenues alone. Under
the new program, equipment has
been added, and extensive altera-
tons and Improvements made to
facilities in st. Thomas where at
present trade level training is pro
vided as a phase Of the high school
program. Courses for boys include
electricity, plumbing, building
trades and automobiles mechanics.
The program in home economics
for girls has been completely re-
organized to coincide with APP
proved practices in leading school
systems elsewhere. A similar pro-
gram has been commenced in ST.
Croix, although accomplishment
there during the first year is less
advanced due to the limited faci-
available at the outset of the
new program.
Ito be concluded on Monday