davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-11-16
DIRECTORS MULTIPLYING

Opposition to the Introduction
of compulsory health insurance
government insurance for med
ical, dental and hospital care
has become widespread in the
United States.
Publication of a list of critical
national organizations include the
American Farm Bureau Fedora
ton and the National G. a n g e
1.-THE two largest farm organiza-
tions), the United Brotherhood
of Carpenters and Joiners (sec-
ond largest union in the Ameri-
can Federation of Labor, the
American Bar Association, the
American Legion, the General
Federation of Women's Clubs.
the National Federation of Bush
ness and Professional Women's
Clubs. the Chamber of Commerce
of the United States, Kiwanis In
ternational, etc.
Numerically, the only substan-
tial source of support of social
lied medicine remains in organ
lied labor, and labor is beginning
to produce some strong DIRECTORS.
President Truman's urging Of
compulsory health insurance no.
ticeably lost weight with the last
session Of Congress.
Public opinion, in fact. is gett-
ing better posted as to what such
state medicine means. When
President Roosevelt first took up
government health insurance tla-
ter to drop it, little was known
of this European system in the
United States. But its recent
costly experiment in Great Brit
ain and parts of Canada has
figured so notably in the days
news that American public senti.
ment is at last becoming in
formed.
Danger of enactment seems no
longer so imminent as it appeared
for a brief time during the New
Deal. The diminishing enthus-
iasm in Congress for health in
surance may be credited in part
to the number and standing of
the national organizations which
have recorded their disproval.
Yet sustained opposition is clear
ly necessary lest the proposal
again attain a showing of popu-
larity.-Christian Science Mont
tor.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-11-16

We're getting into the frosty season.
when the birds migrate. the furry ami
mails hibernate and all nature is pre-.
pairing for = wintry siege. Which re-
minds US, why shouldn't we, too. pre-
pare for the future? The lOng-range
future. the wintry years Of our lives.
How better to do this than by investing
part Of our earnings in u s Defense
Bends? Everyone should buy bonds,
either under the Payroll Savir"s Plan
where he works. or the Bond AN onth
Pian where he banks
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-11-16
Power on Order
THE ORIGIN OF "BANK"

Class I railroads had more new
motive power on order on April l,
1851, than ever before, there having
been on that date 1883 locomotives
consisting of APO power units await
ing delivery.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-11-16
Home Production

Washington, DC. Wedding bells
chimed for 1.585, 900 couples in 194s
in this country and 3.729 900 babies
were born. the National Associa-
ton Of Home Builders reports. The
group cited this fact as a major
reason why full housing production,
consistent with the war effort, must
be allowed to go ahead.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-11-16
Longer Life for Linoleum

To preserve the surface of limo
leum, it is often vanished or lac
quered. A final coating of wax aids
greatly in keeping the surface clean
and in warding off blemishes and
other signs of wear.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1951-11-16
MON TANA
Names Places
First National Bank In Montana
Places

The first national bank in Montana was the First Nation
al Bank of Helena which founded In 1866 The officers
of the First National Bank and its stated in
the early files as follows:
S. T. Hauser president; A. j. Davis vice president; E.
K Knight cashier Capital $780, 900: surplus and profits.
$685. 900: individual deposits ST. 900; u. S. posits,
$10999 bankers deposits $2l5 98 and 81 8
683.
In 1895 there were only commercial and two
ings banks in Montana according to the state bank
ners There number of private banks, however
These did under the bank examiners survey
until 1911.
The total resources of commercial banks in 1895
1899 1880 The of savings banks $2021
1892 g. making total of $32O 551 90 The savings banks
the Thomas Cruise Savings bank of Helena and the
State Savings Bank of Butte. The commercial banks
Bank of Fergus County, organized and chartered in June
1887 the Bank of Boulder chartered April 1884, the Bank
of Townsend chartered May $780, the Cascade Bank of
Great Falls chartered April 1885, the State Bank of Mel
hart chartered September 1884, the Carbon County Bank of
Red Lodge chartered May 1885, and the Security Bank of
Great Falls chartered September 1890.
Anaconda Copper Mining Company
Work for Greater and More Prosperous Montana"
This is project that should include all Montanans.
Evening star., 1951-01-31
Constantine Brown:
Korea Deadlock Can Be Broken
But Allies Must Bomb Supply Lines Above YoI,
And China NotionoIsts Create Second Front

The see-saw battle in Korea
is likely to continue indefinitely.
The Communists cannot dis
lodge the Allies from South
Korea, even If they add more
armies to their present forces.
The United Nations, on the
other hand, cannot clear the
country of the Chinese Commu-
nists as long as present political
strategy is pursued. Early de-
feat of the Communist forces
is possible only under two con-
ditions:
Cd If the Allied air forces
are used for strategic bombing
and are allowed to destroy the
supply lines and production
capacity of the Chinese Com
munists beyond the Yalu River;
and
co If the Chinese National
lists are permitted to create a
diversion in South China which
will draw Red forces out of
Korea.
The first condition is not
likely to be met by the United
Nations in the foreseeable fu-
ture. The second condition may
be met. There are some indica-.
tions that after the Chinese
Communists have been branded
as aggressors the Nationalists,
as charter members of the
U. NJ, may be permitted to use
their forces to support the COL
lective security of the other
members.
A quantity of war material
now is being sent to Formosa
under legislation passed by
Congress in 1949, when $125,-
100000 was appropriated for
military supplies for National
ist China.
The recent limited offensive
OF United Nations forces in
South korea-a reconnaissance
in force-has revealed some in
teresting facts. In spite of their
overwhelming numbers, the
Chinese Communists have been
badly hurt. Careful analysis of
their losses places the Commu-
nists' casualties, conservatively,
at over 350,000 men. Chinese
strategy, following the Moscow
pattern. disregards human life
entirely in attaining even minor
objectives.
Our losses have been heavy
Evening star., 1951-01-31
Thomas L. Stokes:
Corping Voices Sow Suspicion

Run was followed by one reverse
after another. But, despite the
accent on the negative on all
sides. the carping voices. he
drove through to the positive,
single-minded, and saved the
union of States.
Another necessary and logical
step in the U. MS situation, once
the Chinese Communists like
wise had assailed the integrity
of the union of nations, was that
they, too, should be declared
violators of the law of nations.
This took time, perhaps too
much. 1t was necessary to pro-
ceed slowly in order to get as
solid a front as possible. 1t may
be recalled that Abraham Lin
coin kept the Emancipation
Proclamation in his desk drawer
for a year. He waited for the
appropriate moment to issue it
and give meaning for all time to
the sacrifice in war fought to
abolish human slavery in the
United States as we'll as to save
our union. Though that is not
comparable to the aggressor
resolution. it might be pointed
out that there is an issue of
slavery involved also in saving
our international union, the
slavery of mems minds and their
impulses as free men.
1t is likely that our soldiers,
because of their tradition, know
all of this inStinctively.
Evening star., 1951-01-31
Henry McLen1ore:
Takes Dim View on Bargain
For Life Haven in Florida

of two helpful morticians, but
could one be sure they'd well
come the hale and hearty?
To be sure that no one out
stayed his welcome Cor his
$1,000 there might be a set of
House Rules something like this:
/. Do not remove the banana
skins from the stairs. They are
placed there by the management
to add to the tropical atmos-
phere.
2. Smoking in bed is not only
permitted, but encouraged, by
the management. Guests caught
smoking anywhere else will for
felt their $1,000 and be asked
to leave.
8. Unloaded firearms are not
allowed to be kept in rooms.
And firearms must be cooked at
all times.
4. Jaywalking classes will be
conducted on Main Street each
= day at the rush hours.
S. No doctors are allowed on
the premises.
6. Guests are permitted to use
the dry swimming pool "a hours
a day. Try the high board for ex-
hilarating fun.
7. Guests caught swatting
mosquitoes will be fined $100.
The mosquitoes are of the an
opheles type and are very ex-
pensive.
8. The uncovered wells scat
tered about the grounds are
bird baths. Do not attempt to
cover them.
One thing I'm sure-this
81 ,000-for- life place isn't in Mi
ami. At this time of year you'd
be lucky to get single room at
the "Y' for only a week for a
thousand bucks.
Distributed by McNanght Syndicate, Inc
Evening star., 1951-01-31
Doris FIeeson:

The handling here of India's
request for grain to relieve her
impending famine illustrates
how the Medusa of Mccarthy
ism has petrif1ed Secretary of
State Acheson so that he can
neither fight effectively for his
policies nor foil their critics.
The sufferers include, to-
gether with the Indians, the
humanitarian Americans who
are not in the habit of letting in
nocent people die because they
don't like their politicians. Yet
an inertia born of timidity is
permitting that impression to
flourish to the greater glory of
communism while the hard
headed dealings justified and
possible with Mr.. Nehru do not
go forward.
India needs grain, we have it
and can ship it. 1t is partly her
own fault that she is in such
straits. Mr.. Nehru is so deter
mined to hang on to Kashmir,
he is engaging in virtual eco
nomic war with Pakistan. In
order to enjoy that questionable
luxury he is not bargaining with
her for grain but is growing
cotton and jute for export in
stead Of grain for his people.
At the same time he has been
bucking the United States on
Red China and loftily pro-
claiming that we cannot buy
India" with our grain. This be-
havior is naturally irritating to
public opinion here, our grain
Evening star., 1951-01-31

when we consider the results so
far achieved. We have suffered
nearly $4,000 casualties, but are
still where we were last sum-
mer after the police action"
was begun by the United Ma
tions. From the strictly military
point of view, however, the
losses have been normal. We
suffered an average of 1000
a month-killed, wounded and
misSing-which is not excessive
for an operation against an
enemy who has put 650,0OO men
in the field.
We destroyed the major part
OF the original North Korean
force-200,000 men-in the ini-
tial stages of the campaign last
summer. The Chinese inter-
vened with 100000 men in the
first line of assault after Gen.
Macarthur reported that his
mission had been accomplished.
Behind this force, across the
Yalu river, were Chinese re-
serves amounting to about 500,-
600 more. In spite of severe
criticism by armchair strate-
gists, who could see only that
victory had been lost, the
strategy of the United Nations
high command has been fault
less. Faced by new force, which
had been flushed" by our late
November offensive, the Allied
forces withdrew with less than
normal losses from what nigh
have been fatal trap.
The Chinese Communist lines
Evening star., 1951-01-31

forgive the efforts made a few
years ago to take away from
the Marine Corps it's own special
aviation units.
What experience in Korea
teaches is that the Army must
have an important influence
in deciding the best way to
handle ground-air units. In
fact, its interest is bound to be
superior to that of the Air
Force. Passage by the House
of Representatives the other day
of the bill which provides a
separate tactical air command
in the Air Force, as differen-
tiated from the strategic air
command. is a long step forward
and in line with what the Navy
and subsequently the House
Armed Services Committee
urged during and after the
famous B-36 hearings in 1949.
But there are other steps yet
to be taken. The Army must
have greater control of the air
forces that are working closely
with ground units. This does
not necessarily mean tnat the
Army must have it's own air
force but it does mean it must
have continuous control and
close liaison so that, for all prac-
tical purposes. the tactical air
forces are adjuncts of ground
operations.
Another significant develop
ment is the passage by the House
of Representatives of the bill
authorizing a large f1ush-deck
aircraft carrier. This will not
be ready for three years, but
the action anticipates the day
when America will be using large
floating bases of this kind for
strategy threats in all the seven
seas. When there were rela-
lively few atom bombs, the
United States Air Force de-
manded the right to be the only
Evening star., 1951-01-31

service to drop them as a part
of strategic warfare. Now, how
ever. there are enough bombs
available for more than one
service and some are in smaller
sizes, permitting the use of
atomic energy in the guided
missile program from both ships
and land and as a form of
artillery support. This means
that. while the primary role of
the Air Force remains strategic
bombing. certain supplementary
forms of effective bombing of
targets are included in the role
of the Navy-which, incident
ally, is what broad reading of
the Key West agreement be-
tween the armed services really
contemplated in the first place.
Hence the Navy is developing
its aircraft carriers for use in
areas where land bases are not
available and for the protection
of amphibious landings, while
the United States Air Force is
now giving both tactical air and
strategic air separate attention,
and the three armed services
are planning future operations
with the A-bomb as a part of
their respective tactics. So,
while we do not have a single
force operationally-which is
what some people mistakenly
believe "unification" to be-we
do have single force in spirit
and each service retains, as it
should, the opportunity to spe-
cialize and attain maximum
efficiency in it's assigned roles.
Thus the controversy of 1949
comes to constructive result,
though men like Admiral Den
field, Captain Crommelin and
others who risked public con-
demnation, cannot be forgotten
for the courage they showed in
carrying the case to Congress.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1951-01-31

better, how the Mccarthy hue
and cry has more and more
tended to immobilize Mr..
Acheson.
1t is not that Mr.. Acheson
is really vulnerable to the
charges made but his lack of
political sagacity that causes
the impasse. The first rule OF
politics is to consolidate your
own following and keep them
happy, then they will help ex-
tend your power. Any politico
who has so much as run for
alderman knows that; Senator
Taft has just proved it. Mr..
Acheson is practically out of
contact with his following and
has been trying to get along
with the other fellows. It
hasn't worked, it never does.
That is why his own follow
ing has been joining-re-
luCIdlGly-Cne AcneSOn-muSt-
go school.
A precedent exists in ECA
for India. When Western ma
tions got United States food
they had to agree to make
certain reforms and use
counterpart funds to develop
heir own resources. There is
10 reason India can't.
In the end Americans will
have to help. AS an ally said:
we know you. When the
Indian women and children
start to die like flies, you'll be
organizing an airlift if neces-
sary to get grain to them"
Evening star., 1951-01-31
Thomas l.. Stokes:
U. S. Role Of Leadership in Union of Nations
Still Is Strange in Minds of Many Men

There's too much emphasis
among us today on the mega
tive.
The discordant voices rise
among us. Should we have gone
into Korea? Can we stay in Ko-
rea? Wasn't it a mistake to
pursue the enemy beyond the
38th parallel? Shouldn't we pull
out now? Maybe they are better
fighters than our boys. Do our
soldiers know what they are
fighting for?
Carping voices SOW suspicion
of our European allies. Will
they resist? Shouldn't we just
pull out of Europe?
Much is said about criticism
among our allies that this or
that move by the United Ma
tions was wrong, that we
shouldn't have crossed the 18th
parallel, that the United States
shouldn't have been so insistent
to declare Communist Chinese
aggression what everybody
knows it is.
We are, to be sure, now in this
role of world leadership, and we
are likely to falter a bit here and
there in moving toward our OBJ
jective. It is very natural, too.
that some among our allies
should be critical. There are,
indeed, plenty among our own
people who are critical-as al
ways, and properly. There
should be nothing strange about
that, or disturbing.
So long as we don't over
emphasize the negative, but
keep our eyes always on the
positive.
That comes down to a single,
very simple fact.
It is this. We have been
elected-by history.
We have been elected, at this
point in the course of human
events, to take leadership In
preserving the union of nations,
the United Nations which we
initiated, so that it can carry
out its ordained task of keep
ing the peace and maintaining
justice and upholding the law of
nations that is reposed in it.
That is something for all time
to come.
The role imposed upon us.
and accepted. is a little strange
still In the minds of many men.
We have not assumed it for
conquest. and that is q little
Evening star., 1951-01-31

hard for some to understand,
though not for us here. We have
become, rather, the servant of
all people who do not want to
be conquered, but want to live
their own lives, free and indie
pendent.
Because of the purpose for
which the union of nations was
created, and the necessity of
preserving its integrity, and our
own concept of our mission as
that of peace and justice, every
thing that has happened has
followed logically.
When the integrity of that
union was violated and attacked
in Korea, the union, on our ini-
tlative, met that challenge
promptly and boldly. That act
electrified the world and lifted
up the spirit of free men every
where. for it meant that the
union stood for something. We
are inclined now to forget that.
1t was the only thing to be done,
the thing that had to be done.
just as Abraham Lincoln acted
to defend the integrity of our
own union when Fort Sumter
was fired on. We all know now
how right that was. That is a
parallel which we, of all people,
can understand.
Abraham Lincoln pursued his
ordained and destined course
through storms of criticism. He
was reviled numerically as Bull
Evening star., 1951-01-31
Henry McLenore:

Being about as neat and
orderly as the inside of a
woman's pocketbook, can mis-
place things as easily as I
breathe.
For the past three hours. I
have turned this apartment in
side out looking for little clip
ping containing some informa-
ton want, and finally wound
up doing what most men do in
such a situation-raising the
devil with every one in the
house for having thrown it
away.
All I can remember about the
clipping is that it said that
there was a place in Florida
where, by paying $1,000. any
person could have a room for
the rest of his life.
I'd like to know where in
Florida this place is, what sort
of room a fellow gets, if he has
to be a certain age or beyond
to check in, and what kind of
treatment he receives.
On the surface it sounds like
the biggest bargain since Man.
haitian was purchased for the
present-day price of a couple
of porterhouse steaks. You
could go in, say, at IS years
OF age, and, with a life expect
ancy of IS, look forward to so
years of walls. floor and ceiling
for 20 bucks a year.
Even a bear can't live in a
cave, or a rabbit in a briar
patch. that cheaply.
II such a place had existed
when I was born, I would have
learned to dress and feed myself
in a hurry and toddled in, If
there weren't any other babies
for me to play with. I un-
doubtedly would have been lone
some in my play pen, but look
at the money I'd have saved.
There must be a catch to this
Florida haven. Don't say there
Is, mind you, but I've lived too
long to believe in super bar
gains. The owners might look
with favor on a 110-year-old
guest who came in on the arms
Evening star., 1951-01-31
AChesOn |n0n0Obi|ized on India
Hue and Cry Of McCorthyism Blocks Moves
To Win Over Fomine- Stricken Country

surplus incidentally being a
product of that materialism
Asia so easily despises.
This background was we'll
known to both the Indian Am
bassador, Mrs. Pandit, and to
Secretary of State Acheson
when she presented India's re-
quest to him. Nevertheless,
since Mr.. Nehru and the Asian
problem will not disappear to
oblige us, Mr.. Acheson seemed
called on to determine promptly
Americas best interests in the
matter and fight to achieve
them. What he did was to re-
mind Mrs. Pandit of how cool
a reception he was bound to
get on Capitol Hill and to dis
patch Assistant Secretary of
State McGhee to sound out a
Senate Foreign Relations sub
committee assigned to Asian
affairs.
Mr.. McGhee got a cool re-
ception, too, which led to re-
ports that the Foreign Relations
Committee had "sidetracked"
the Indian request. Chairman
Connally naturally was not dis
posed to take this rap; he has
issued a tart statement that the
committee had no request be-
fore 1t, so could not side
track" one.
In a way this puts him with
the palaverers. Senator Con-
nally knows very we'll a job
has got to be done on these
matters. He knows too, nobody
Evening star., 1951-01-31
Dovid Lawrence:
Unity ByMi|itory Advanced
Army and Air Force Are Near Understanding
OfWhut One Needs From the Other
David Lowrence:

Unity of the armed services
in the field has always been
good, but unity in Washington
is only now being accomplished.
Unity of spirit and co-opera-
ton, however. doesn't mean that
'unif1cation" as such has been
found practicable. For the exact
opposite is true. Much dupli-
cation on the transportation
and supply side. of course, has
been eliminated, but the fact
remains that each of the three
armed services today needs
even more instead of less special
ization.
The latest development, not
yet publicized very much, re-
veals that the Army and the
United States Air Force are
coming to much more sensible
understanding of what one
needs from the other than they
have had since the close of
World War II.
Thus, officers of the Air Force
In Korea are frankly acknowl-
edging in their written reports
that the Marine Corps system
of close air support for ground
troops is far superior to that
which the Air Force has been
using. Just as the United States
Army during World War II
learned from Marine Corps Of
f1cers some of the fine points of
amphibious warfare, in which
the Marines are specialists, so is
the Marine Corps system of di-
recting the fire of airplanes
from the ground, as used in
Korea, likely to become the ac-
cepted method for the United
States Air Force.
There should be no 81 told
you so" recrimination now, for
the Marines ought to be proud
to have helped, though their
leaders no doubt will not soon
Evening star., 1951-01-31

became er-extended, however.
The allied air force inflicted
such serious losses, not only on
front line units but also on
lines of communication, that
the forward divisions lacked
the necessary firepower to
exploit successfully the initial
advantage. Our forces were able
to regroup and to obtain some
requirements from the meager
pool of manpower available for
the Korean campaign.
1t is obvious now that we do
not have a large enough force
in Korea to push the numer.
lcally superior enemy back to
the Yalu river. But neither Is it
likely that he will be able to
push us out of Korea.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1951-09-13
JUNEAU VISITOR

JUNEAU VISTIOR Wallace J. Poy of Seattle is reg istered at the Gastineau Hotel.