The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1951-04-05

ish to the South, by the French to
the north, and by the English in
what is the eastern part of our Unit
ed States. The explorers from Spain
came looking for gold and riches
which they found to the south of our
| land, but which in the end did little
good for their country The French
in Canada, particularly under Sam
uel de Champlain, described by Fiske
as "a beautiful character, devout and
high minded, brave and tender"
brought colonization to Canada, with
the growth of the fur trade, to large
dimensions, and with the establish
ment of missions with outstanding
zeal to convert the Indians to Chris
tianity. But unfortunately for the
French in conquest, their friendship
with the Algonquin Indian tribes on
the St. Lawrence, who were bitter
enemies of the Iroquois Five Nations
Confederacy, brought to them the
hatred of the Iroquois in that memoir
able battle fought against the Mo
hawks Zone of the Iroquois Nations)
near Ticonderoga, New York, in 1909.
The hatred of the Iroquois for the
French from that battle undoubtedly
led to the alliance of the Iroquois
with the English, which later kept
the French out of New York. And
so it seems so often to be- Those
who would be the greatest of service
are in turn repulsed for that service.
And we so often see this in our lives
today. And what a great and po-
tent factor it often is, and over it
we often have no apparent control.
The foundations of the first per
manent English colony in America
were laid at Jamestown, Virginia, in
1907. Previous to this, Sir Walter
Raleigh had tried and failed, but he
planted the idea And a subsequent
attempt was on the way to ruin, only
to be saved by man of energy,
Captain John Smith, who by logged
determination and quick wit kept
the colony alive. With the estab-
lishment of the colony in Virginia
came tobacco and trade, came slav-
cry, and came representative govern
ment, these three, which were to
play so important part in the fu-
ture history of our country.
In the north came the founding of
the Plymouth Colony in 1920, with
a story that is familiar to us all, and
for the next twenty years we find
the colonization of New England
bringing us five colonies; Massachu-
sets, Plymouth, Rhode Island and
Providence Plantations, Connecticut,
and New Haven. AS a rule in these
colonies, every man owned the house
in which he lived and the land which
| he titled. The houses were we'll built
and comfortable, the condition of the
! people was very far above that of
European peasants. The ministers
were worthy men of great learning
and high character. Education was
general. While the Massachusetts
Bay Colony was chartered by the
King, the governments of the other
four colonies were made by the peo-
pie without consulting the King in
any way. In each colony there was
a legislature consisting of repre-
sentatives from each of the towns.
The people elected their governors
and they managed their church af-
fairs without the slightest regard to
the opinion or wishes of the King
and the Bishop in England. This
was truly New England
The middle colonies each had their
distinctive characteristics. Lord Bal
timore wished to found a colony for
himself, to secure for the members
of his church a place in America
/ where they might be unmolested; for
in England they were not we'll
treated. And thus came Maryland
with the first settlement at st. Mary's
in 1884, with the history to follow
which you know, for it is your State
which you love and cherish as one
of our great United States.
To Manhattan Island came bold
navigators and enterprising mer-
chants from Holland. BY 1914 they
had made a settlement on Manhattan
Island and the New Netherland Com
pany was organized BY 1923 the
Dutch had established ports as far
north as Albany and as far south as
Fort Nassau near where Philadel-
phia now stands. All creeds were
included and people came from all
parts of Europe; it is said that as
many as eighteen languages were
spoken in New Amsterdam.
Out of the New Netherlands pro-
vince came the Jerseys, east and
II 4