davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Ceiling on Civilian
spending 10 Precede
Military Estimates
By Joseph A. Fox
Stor Stoff Correspondent

KEY WEST. Fla, Dec. T.
President Truman is going 20
establish an overall figure for
civilian spending in the new fiscal
year, before he frames estimates
for the military. it was disclosed
today as the Chief Executive and
Budget Director Frederick T.
Lawton held another lengthy ses-
sion on the financial program for
the IL months starting July /.
MIR. Lawton arrived in Key West
yesterday afternoon, for his sec
ond meeting here with the Presi-
dent, accompanied by William F..
McCandless, assistant director in
charge of estimates. They planned
to return to Washington today.
Item by Item Study.
Assistant Press Secretary Irving
Perlmeter said the President and
his fiscal aides went over the civil
ian side Of the budget item by
item. but he was not certain If the
President had decided on a spend
ing ceiling for fiscal 1858.
It is in the non-military ex-
penditures that the administra-
ton is expected to be under the
heaviest pressure from economy
advocates on Capitol Hill, to cut
down, and ease the tax burden.
There have been reports that
the total budget would call for
from $85 to 500 billion spending.
Military Budget Waits.
Mr.. Perlmeter said that the
military budget would be some
time in preparation.
The press aide said also that the
President would make a routine
acknowledgment of the resigna-
tion of Charles Oliphant, general
counsel for the Bureau Of Internal
Revenue. If that formality is
necessary. Beyond that, there will
be nothing from the White House.
THE President is following the
usual policy Of not replying to let
tiers made public before he re-
ceives them" he explained. Mr..
Oliphant made his own resigna-
ton public.
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Suez Strife Spreading
Economic Paralysis
Through Canal Zone
By l. S. ChokoIes
Asseeioted Press Foreign Correspondent

ISMAILIA, Egypt, Dec. t.
While West-supported Britain is
ballooning her forces to hold the
Suez Canal, economic paralysis is
creeping over the fear-ridden
zone.
Privately owned shops and serv-
ices which have served the British
Tommy for decades are shuttered
in Port Said, Suez, Ismailia and a
score of tiny villages close to
British garrisons.
Port Said and other Suez ports,
which used to handle substantial
sea tonnage for Egypt, are at a
complete Standstill. Alexandria,
which is not in the zone, is hope
lessly congested with only one rail
line leading into the interior.
The British Navy is pushing
both British and foreign ships
through the canal. They have
handled nearly 1000 vessels of ell
kinds since work Stoppage started
in mid-October. The only ships
discharging or loading in the
canal ports are those bringing
troops. supplies and equipment
for the expanding British forces.
The 10000 persons directly and
indirectly serving the British gar
risons have been reduced to one
tenth of that figure, and with
them went most of the yearly in
come of $50 million-a factor
British policymakers hope will
help subdue the irresponsible
politicians" tanning the fires of
nationalism.
British authorities say extreme
nationalists. openly supported by
the Egyptian police, are intimi-
dating both Egyptians and for
eigners who serve the troops in
any way. The Egyptian govern
ment claims the labor desertions
are a result of the nationalist
fervor" that followed the abro-
cation of the 1896 treaty.
Undoubtedly a large number
were inspired by national fervor, "
but limited on-the-scene survey
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Poor Race Relations Seen
As Crack in j. ). Armor
BY the Assoeioied Press

PARIS, Dec. Nobel Peace
Prize Winner DR.. Ralph Bunche
declared yesterday that America S
poor race relations have become
an acid test of our ability to lead
the democratic world"
DR.. Bunche, a member of the
United Nations staff during the
General Assembly session, said in
a speech at the weekly meeting
of the American Club that 1.-THE
world has become conscious Of a
crack-race RELATIONSHIP Amer
ica's democratic armor."
He recalled certain "unpardon-
able incidents" recently in the
United States. including race riots
when a Negro attempted to move
into a white neighborhood in
Cicero. ILL.,, and the furor when
cemetery officials in Sioux City,
Iowa, refused to permit burial of
an American Indian killed in ac-
ton in Korea.
These incidents, he said, "are
not seen abroad in their true per-
spective, but it is regrettable that
they occur within the framework
Of American democracy at a time
when the future of the world de-
pendS on the United States"
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Barring Of Quaker
AT Ohio State Laid
To'Draft Opposition
By the As.osiatad Pres,

CINCINNATI, Dec. Judge
Robert N. German, vice chairman
|of the Ohio State University
Board of Trustees, says that a
Quaker minister was barred from
speaking on the campus because
he advocated that young men dis
regard the draft.
Judge Gorman's was the first
indication by an Ohio trustee as
to why DR.. Cecil Hinshaw, former
president of William Penn College,
was banned from speaking on the
campus October 18.
The incident drew protests from
throughout the country that the
university's prohibition Of speak
ers not approved by President
Howard L. Bevis was a gag rule"
and direct violation of Ameri-
can freedom"
Opposed Registration.
Judge German. speaking before
q dinner at the Hamilton County
Ohio State University Alumni AS
ISOLATION here, declared:
II found that DR.. HinShaw and
his society. the Peacemakers, ad-
vocated that young men should
not register for the draft, and
If they had registered, not to pay
any attention to their draft cards.
DR.. Hinshaw will not and cannot
honestly deny that he made such
statements on many occasions" :"
The Cincinnati (Ohio) trustee
stressed that the policy of the
university trustees was to "en-
courage the fullest academic
freedom consistent with national
security"
Blow at Security.
"ThoSe who advocate unlawful
acts striking at our national Sc
curity and defense should not be
permitted to Use the facilities of
the university" Judge German
said.
Ohio State University trustees
adopted a rule requiring all in
vitations to prospective speakers
to be screened by the presidents
office after a campus appearance
of DR.. Harold Rugg, professor
emeritus OF Teachers College,
Columbia University. The rule
lsince has been modified.
Evening star., 1951-12-07
More Attention by Adults
Reported by Santa Clauses
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, Dec. 7.-Depart-
ment store Santa Clauses this sea-
son report a sharp upswing in
adult attention-lap- sitting and
all.
One red-suited Santa said yes
terday:
"A distinguished old gentleman
got up on my lap-must have
weighed 200. Explained he wanted
pictures to send to his nieces to
prove that he and Santa were
pals"
Many stores feature a photo
service for those wanting to be
pictured with Santa Claus.
Another Santa told of a girl in
her 20s plopping into his lap for
a picture. She said she wanted to
send proof to her boy friend In
Japan Of the kind of company she
was keeping.
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Swedish Housing Coop Helps PopuIurize Art

STOCKHOLM. - The Swedish
cooperative housing association,
HSB. which has as its motto,
Good Art in. Every Home" is
holding its 10th annual exhibition.
In the past decade this organi-
zation has done much to popular
ize good art in Sweden. encourage
young painters and sculptors,
make works Of art available at
Evening star., 1951-12-07

jobs and even that is putting a
strain on the Egyptian economy.
Caught In the crossfire are
thousands Of foreigners, including
Greeks. Italians. French and Eng
lish. Most Of them are owners Of
shops or provide essential services
for the British troops.
They are daily subjected to tele-
phone calls. anonymous letters
and pamphlets which tell them to
stop serving the British or die.
Several have been badly beaten.
Some Of them folded up out of
fear, but for most it was a COM
bination Of fear and no business.
Evening star., 1951-12-07

reveals that most Of them were
afraid Of the Moslem Brotherhood
and the so-called Liberation Bat
talions.
The Egyptian government has
promised new jobs to all the pa
triotic workers" who quit the
British.
OF the 1886 patriots who quit
the British. $4,000 have been given
jobs, according to Abdul Fattah
HaSSan Pasha. Minister of Social
Affairs and Acting Minister of War
and Marine. British authorities
scott at this, saying only a few
thousand actually have been given
Evening star., 1951-12-07

reasonable prices, and at the year.
ly showings bring artists and buy
ers together.
Said one Stockholm paper: 1T
also has filled. another praise
worthy mission by donating art
to hospitals. Such paintings and
pieces Of sculpture are acquired
with the proceeds from art lot
teries held In connection with the
annual exhibitions"
Evening star., 1951-06-03

if the DIP program ends abrupt
ly on June 30.
For one thing, the Displaced
Persons Commission has 150,-
900 untitled applications from
American citizens who want to
sponsor DPS. In Europe there
are $4,000 to 10000 who have
partly completed the tough
tests that foreigners have to 60
through to obtain visas.
The commission would like to
bring this last batch in. It says
that If the United States and
all the other countries taking
DPS keep on lust through this
year, all the homeless people will
have found homes.
Some few thousands who
can't be transported-like men,
tai cases and tuberculosis pa
tients-will remain in Europe,
cared for by the International
Refugee Organization, an agency
Of the United Nations.
All who enter the United
States have to be sponsored by
some American citizen or or
ganization. That means each
breadwinner must be promised
a job and each family promised
place to live. They may not
have either, under the law, If
it would throw an American out
Of either Job or home.
Evening star., 1951-06-03

June 80. The others, covering
a variety of smaller groups. run
until June 80, 1852.
These are the programs:
/. Congress okayed the entry
of 100000 officially designated
as displaced persons" Priority
was given to those who wanted
new homes because they didn't
want to 60 back to places the
Communists had taken over.
Another priority was given to
those who would come here to
work on farms. Up to the end
of June, about 265.000 such
people will have arrived or will
be approved for entry.
2. Congress has said $4,000
of the Poles who took refuge In
Britain may come here. That
program is less than a year old.
so only 1872 have arrived.
About 10000 in all are expected
to make it before the program
ends.
8. Congress also said this
country would take 10000
Greeks showed out of their
homes by the Communist war
fare. Again, the program is less
than a year old. Only 1,518 have
arrived, but about 5000 all told
are. expected.
4. Congress also opened the
gate for 1000 Of the Europeans
Evening star., 1951-06-03
By Sierid Arne

The letter was addressed:
President, Washington, U. S.
A."
It bore a Greek stamp. In
big, square, careful script, it
said in part: II am a young
child E.. I have learned that
the U. S. A. is taking Greek
people to live there. I would
like to come. I am banded and
striped"
The child went on to say that
his father had been killed by
the Italians in World War II.
He himself had been maltreated
by the Greek Communists. final
ly found a job in Athens and
gone to night school so that I
might become a useful citizen"
1t was the banded and
striped" phrase that caught the
eye of people at the Displaced
Persons Commission in Wash
ington. 1t meant the child had
been tortured. The treatment
leaves marks which Europeans
call banded and striped"
This Greek youngster-Pan
Panagiotopoulus-has been ap-
proved for entry by the United
States Consul in his Greek dis
trict. But he must still go
through many other tests for
Evening star., 1951-06-03

displaced persons before he may
enter the United States.
The present law admitting
DPS bangs shut American gates
on June 80. Pan may or may
not make it.
Would Extend Limit
An administrations sponsored
bill in Congress would extend
the time limit through the rest
Of the year. The House has
passed it. The Senate still must
debate it.
Congress has voted that
slightly over 400,0 900 World War
II victims may come in. So
Senate officers think it quite
possible the Senate will agree
with the House that the time
limit should be extended six
months to take care of cases
like Pan, who may be approved
by June 80 but wouldn't have
timesto get here.
The bill does not raise the
number Of persons.
Actually, these new citizens
are permitted to come here
under several quite different
programs.
It is only the largest-that
for persons technically CLASH
fed by United States law as
"displaced"-that expires this
Evening star., 1951-06-03
Why Quit My Job With the Juvenile Court
The Human Touch
Is Missing There,
Social Aide Says
By HeIoine A. Todd
Former Director Of Sociol Work,
The luxaniLe Court

To most people not actively
concerned in it, the controversy
about Juvenile Court and the way
it is run must sound exceedingly
complex. Actually, it isn't. The
real problem is not one of legal
abstractions-it is a straigltfor-
ward, human issue which has a
very real meaning to any one who
lis interested in young people in
trouble.
I quit my job as director of So
cial work for the court because /
think this court is supposed to be
mainly concerned with trying to
help those who come before it
rather than to punish them-with
a social effort, that is. rather than
a legal ritual. For a whole year,
/ did everything to help ours be
that kind of court. I gave up
when it became obvious that,
under Judge Cockrill, this was
impossible.
/ don't think a social effort
is Judge Cockrill's main concern.
It has been obvious for a long
time. at any rate, that the judge
and / have different ideas as to-
what the Juvenile Court can and
should do for the kids who are in
trouble here.
What Is Social Work?
What is this social work" that
causes all the argument? The
term has chilly sort of sound,
which sometimes scares people out
of really understanding it. This
situation isn't helped by the fact
that we social workers, like people
in so many other specialized fields,
tend to use a jargon of our own
in discussing our problems. But
you don't need any jargon to see
that a youngster who brushes
with the law needs some careful
help If he is to get back into a
healthy relationship with society.
That help is what the Juvenile
Court social workers should be
providing-and what they can
not properly provide under pres
ent circumstances.
There is a big difference, of
course, between helping a child
and coddling him. No one knows
this better than the social worker.
We sometimes hear ourselves ac-
cused of being SO busy trying to
understand the juvenile delinquent
that we never find 1t in our hearts
to ask him to stand up and take
the responsibility for what he's
done. This is not true. We're
as aware as anybody that the acts
Of the delinquent are dangerous
to the community. and that the
Evening star., 1951-06-03
Doors Close This Month Displaced Seeking United States Entry

caught in China. Only 2,054
have arrived. The rest are on
the Island of Samar in the Phil
ippines. A total Of about $3.50
are expected
5. Congress has said 54,744
"expellees" also may enter be-
fore -une 80, 1852. These are
people of Germanic origin who
have been thrown out of Euro
pean areas like the Czechoslo-
vakian mountains. So far H.
900 have arrived. Washington
thinks the full number will ul-
timately be brought in.
6. Congress voted to admit
5000 war orphans. Only a few
more than 400 have come. The
trouble here is that European
nations don't like to let their
children go. They need them to
build a new generation. Re-
Gently Greece, Italy and Ger
many have said some may come.
Some En- Route
Congress voted to permit
400,744 persons in all the above
classes to come here. Up to
June 80. about 281, ,944 will have
made it, including those with
approved visas still en- route. OF
these, 270.544 are under the DIP
program proper.
There will be big loose ends,
both here and across the water,
Evening star., 1951-06-03

youngster. know what they need
to know to make that help effec-
tive. AS the Juvenile Court law
now is being interpreted. the only
time this can happen in the nor
NAL course of things is when an
offender is committed to an insti-
tuition. If he is not committed, it
is vitality important that his
teacher, or employer, his doctor
the director of the boys club he
may be induced to join--that
people like these, I say, as well
as properly interested organiza-
tions-be informed about his prob
lem. They don't have to know all
about the case. They do have to
know enough to enable them to
act sensibly in trying to bring
this child back into the group-to
handle him In such a way that
he will want to turn from his
bad behavior and will not become
solidif1ed in it. Today, they can't
get such information.
Why can't they get it? This
must, I know. sound rather blunt.
But the basic trouble, when all
the legalistic argument is out of
the way. is that our Juvenile
Court. under its present leadership.
doesn't really believe in this sort
of thing. It has adopted what
might charitably be called a no
nonsense" attitude, and this af-
fects its entire operation, quite
aside from the present contro-
versy over the secrecy Of proceed
ingS.
What the kid in trouble gets
at our Juvenile Court today Is In
effect q laying down Of the law
Evening star., 1951-06-03

It has taken some hard work
on the part of sponsors, but IA
agencies have been plugging
away at it for two years. The
most active have been church
groups and groups representing
European nationalities here.
The Displaced Persons Com
mission says the four most &C
tive have been the Church
World Service, the National
Lutheran Council (Which took
special interest in Germans),
the National Catholic Welfare
Conference and the United
Services for New Americans
(Which is interested in Jewish
emigres).
Four Most Active
For most of these people the
International Refugee Organiza-
ton pays travel costs to an
American port. From the port
usually Boston, New York or
New Orleans-the sponsor has
to pay the travel costs to the
new home. The sponsor must
also stand whatever resettle-
ment costs pile UP until the
breadwinner can pay his own
way.
The United States contributes
40 per cent Of the costs Of the
refugee organization.
Distributed By the Associated Prs@sl
Evening star., 1951-06-03

somewhat on these lines; I am
telling you what to do. Now it is
up to you to do it. Dc it. or
will see that you are punished.
Unfortunately, it isn't that
simple. The issue here is not
severity versus leniency-it is the
Idoctrinaire versus the human ap-
Iproach. A child, If he is han
died right, can be taught to trust
and respect even a system that
Furnishes him hard. But he can
not do it simply on order.
The Ideal Court
The ideal juvenile court should
be q place where people remem-
ber something of what it means
to be a kid in trouble. Recogniz-
ing the evil Of what the delinquent
has done. it should look hard and
long for the cause of his action
and spare no effort to correct the
conditions which might cause
another explosion. 1t should
avoid the assumption that his
behavior is caused by some natural
tendency toward badness which
can simply be punished out of his
system. 1t should never forget
that all children, unlike adults
are utterly trapped by their indi-
Ividual environments-by the cir
Icumstances of their lives-ano
that. when those circumstances
become intolerable, there is no way
out but explosion.
In short, a juvenile court should
be. primarily, a social institution
ours was supposed to be. It isn't
That is why I quit.
Evening star., 1951-06-03
By SeIia S. Horrison

NEW DELHI. - India's politi-
clans are scrambling for COM
manding positions on the political
backgrounds where the first ma
tional elections Of the new repub-
lie will be fought out next winter.
On the outcome of this colossal
contest for the favor Of ITS mil
lion eligible voters rests the ma
tons course until the next elec-
ton five years of.
Dissidents in Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru's ruling Con-
gress Party plan to launch a new
national party at convention in
Patna June 10. Within the Con-
gress itself factional strife RACES
full tilt over control of the ma
chinery for nominations in 4,104
Parliament and state legisla-
ture races.
Described by Nehru recently as
"a powerful elephant" the old.
intrenched Congress organization
dominates the scene in many To-
Icalities much as do the Southern
Democrats or Maine Republicans.
Until the breakdown of unity
talks between the Congress high
command and the rebel demo-
cratic front" early in May, it
looked like clear election sailing
for the Congress. Neither Social
lists nor communication the
Hindu extremist Manasabha-are
well enough organized to present
any serious challenge.
Coalition Possibility
But now it appears that the
bolting Congress faction could
pose a significant threat by map
ping joint strategy with the So
cialist Party and local splinter
groups to present one anti-Con-
gress candidate in each constitu-
ency. Although the Congress
might still win a majority of the
701 central Parliament seats. 1t
would face an opposition coalition
signaling the end of one-party
government in India.
! Ever since the Congress won
India's independence in 1947, OBJ
servers have forecast that the
party eventually would burst at
the seams in the absence of the
binding issue of freedom.
/ AS the rallying point for In
dians of every sort during the
long independence movement, the
] Congress had room for ali regard
Evening star., 1951-06-03
Briton Hits Flat Red Skulls
By Don Schwind

LONDON.-A Briton is chal-
longing the westward march of
skeletons from behind the iron
curtain.
Russia is the worlds biggest
producer of skeletons for scien-
tific use. The U. S. S. r. exports
them by the thousands yearly
to meet a global shortage.
T. w. Fazakerley of Croydon,
a London suburb, is competing
with the Soviets in a big way
with plastic replicas that fool
even anatomy experts. He pro-
duces about 1000 a year, under
his present production schedule,
and markets them everywhere
except in iron curtain nations
Evening star., 1951-06-03

at half the current price for
real ones.
Mr.. Fazakerley feels pretty
strongly about Russia's skele-
tons, not so much on political
or theological grounds but be-
cause they are mostly fiat
heads.
From the anatomical point
of view," he says. Soviet skele-
tons are inferior products with
those fiat Asiatic-type pates. We
can supply good old normal
roundheads in quantity and they
are the type requested in most
museums, medical schools and
colleges all over the place"
distributed by the Associated Press.l
Evening star., 1951-06-03

community must be protected from
them.
But we also know. from bitter
experience. that this particular
child will never stop being a dan
ger to the community until we
can give him the feeling that he
belongs to it. THE delinquent is
the unloved child has been
said so many times that it sounds
Itrite. 1t means. however, that the
delinquent has been cast emotion
ally adrift, does not feel that he
fits in anywhere and, as result,
is trying to place his whole re-
lance on himself. And his self
can't take it.
He must be given some sense of
belonging, some feeling of trust
between himself and society. He
cannot possibly get this in a jit-
terry appearance before a judge
even a lady judge-sitting. with
rigid ceremony, in black robes on a
high bench. Whether he is going
to be sent to an institution or
back home, he can only find him
self, in relation to the community
Through the combined efforts of a
lot of key people in his particular
environment.
I
This, inevitably. is q process
which takes time. It also La q
process which requires great
deal of careful teamwork among
the adults concerned.
No juvenile court can do the
job that it should do. obviously
unless its social workers are free
to let certain people. who are in q
position to help the wayward