davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-10-08

of O. referendum. The recommendations of the
board in turn, must be approved by the voters
at general election. But approval Of the char
ter system would, in itself, presage change in
the county's form Of government and hence is
a matter which presumably will be considered by
the technical consultants employed to make the
survey
Since the Citizens Committee had great
deal to do with the county's employment of a
survey firm, the committees Inauguration of a
countrywide drive for a charter referendum
might be nisinterpreted as form of pressure on
the surveyors. The survey should be carried for
ward, of course, in an atmosphere clear of any
suspicious of pressure tactics by officials or civic
groups supporting one or another type of rule
If it were otherwise, the survey report would be
subject to suspicion and controversy-and this
would be most unfortunate development.
Evening star., 1951-10-08
A Matter of Common Sense

Firemen who qualify under Civil Service
regulations are certified to the District Govern
ment without regard to whether they are white
or colored. That is as 1t should be.
Up to this time the practice has been to
assign the white fremen to companies that are
made up of white men; to assign colored firemen
to the colored companies. There are about 16
colored fremen for whom there are no vacancies
In the colored companies, but there are more
than is vacancies in the white companies to
which these men can be assigned, or else given
some clerical or other work to do which is not
necessary.
The Commissioners have very wisely decided
to do the sensible thing and assign the colored
f1remen to vacancies wherever they occur. But
as this breaks down a pattern based on custom
that has existed for many years, there has been
some protest from some white f1remen and they
have been joined in this protest by three men,
bers of the House District Committee. As there
is no real substance to the protest. it will dwindle
away and people will forget about it. Had the
Commissioners yielded to the protest, they
would have put themselves in an indefensible
position. The Star, for one, commends this ex-
hibition of common sense by the Commissioners,
who are acting in the best interests Of the Fire
Department and the community it serves so well.
Evening star., 1951-10-08

Can you tell me If there is anything
I can put in the bird houses to discour-
age the lice that all wild birds seem to
have?" writes Mrs. ]. H. of Wheaton,
Md.
"Is there anything 7 can put in the
water Of q bird bath to repel lice and
yet not injure the birds if they drink it?
81 can't help thinking the birds would
be much more comfortable without so
many lice"
These are kind thoughts. but are
worry for nothing.
Wild birds are used to lice, just as
the wild Indians were.
It is said that one reason the Indians
slicked their hair down so with oils was
to try to get rid Of lice.
Natural man and natural bird
Each knew nothing Of modern chem
istry and it's sometimes miraculous,
sometimes dangerous. ingredients.
Today the Indian, If he is wise, will
consult a doctor If he has head lice,
and will get rid of them in short order.
Il
The birds, on the other wing. have
no doctors except Mother Nature.
She has made them sturdy and inde-
pendent.
In other words, lice do not bother
them as they would us.
Probably they don't even itch!
Natures cold weather, coming almost
Evening star., 1951-10-08

the Nazi-Soviet pact (Which he missed
because of delay in the arrival of his
luggage with the correct clothing) and
was on hand when Ribbentrop and the
British Ambassador. Sir Neville Hender-
son. almost came to blows few days
before World War II began. Since he
did not consider that an interpreters
duties included refereeing a fist fight,
he remained quietly in his seat, scrib-
bling in his notebook, until the two sat
down. That was the meeting in which
the last chance for peace was killed
when Ribbentrop refused to give Hen
derson the text of proposal that the
Poles might have accepted.
Three days later Or. Schmidt sat at
Ribbentrops desk in the foreign Office
and accepted from Henderson the Brit
ish ultimatum that constituted the dec
laration Of war.
There was plenty of work for an in
terpreter all during the war, and DR..
Schmidt stayed on the job to the end.
Afterward he put in three years alter
nately in arrest as an ex-Nazi, or serv-
ing as an interpreter or witness at va
rious war crimes trials. Now he is back
where he started in the early twenties,
operating one-man translation service.
still convinced that what the world needs
is more political leaders who are men of
good will.
Evening star., 1951-10-08

1887. Schmidt was the only man in the
procession not in uniform. The Berlin
crowd cheered his top hat, and Hitler
was displeased. His plutocratic cloth
ing was impossible. Hitler told Schmidt.
He provided an SIS uniform and Goering
contributed an Air Force outfit. But
before Schmidt's next formal assign
ment. Hitler's return visit to Mussolini,
the foreign Office devised a uniform Of
its own, blue job which made him feel
like an admiral.
Schmidt rather liked Mussolini But
he was much more pleased during visit
to Paris with Ribbentrop to meet Jules
Romans, author of the novels grouped
under the title Men of Good Will"
II had met enough men of good will in
politics to realize that the worlds saliva
ton at that time-and now-depends
upon these men and that fanatics, of
whatever nationality or race. are the
real enemies of mankind" he comments.
1t is obvious that he considered his
bosses. men like Hitler and Ribbentrop,
in the latter category even before their
political course plunged Europe into
war But whatever his doubts, like many
another patriotic German, he went
along
DR.. Schmidt translated for Hitler and
Chamberlain at Munich, went to Moscow
with Ribbentrop for the negotiation of
Evening star., 1951-10-08
Rejects Eisenhower

was much interested in three letters
by DR.. Mattingly, Albert D. Rust, and
John Barber. the first two being strong
ly in favor Of General Eisenhower's
nomination by the Republican Party:
Mr.. Barber In opposition.
I would like to quote from Robert E.
Sherwood's book. Roosevelt and Hop
kins," Vol. 2. From Pearl Harbor to
Victory"
Mr.. Hopkins:
II had several long talks with Eisen-
hover during the "a hours Mrs. Hop
kins and spent at his country place
about Is miles outside of Frankfurt.
Among other things, Eisenhower told
me that he and his family had always
been Republican and had voted against
Roosevelt every time up until 1914; but
that he did vote for Roosevelt this last
time"
In commenting, Mr. Sherwood says:
Hopkins report in the foregoing
memorandum on some of Eisenhower's
statements on political matters was, /
believe. not entirely accurate. Eisen-
hover once told me Git was in London
In March 1944) that his family had
always been Kansas Republicans but
that he himself had never voted in his
life.
Eisenhower did say to me, as he
evidently said to Hopkins, that he had
been opposed to the third term simply
because he was naturally conservative
and q respecter Of tradition, but he
was most emphatic in expressing his
hope that Roosevelt would run for a
fourth term and would be reelected"
Now know Of no good reason to ques-
ton the statements of either the late
Mr.. Hopkins. or Robert e. Sherwood So
assuming that they are true statements,
let us see where that leaves the Re-
publican Party II it nominates Eisen-
hover in 1852.
The Party viii have nominated as its
presidential candidate, a man who by
his own statements. voted only once in
his life, and that time for a Democrat
running for a fourth term. The Re-
publican Party has always opposed third
terms for Presidents, though Grant,
Theodore Roosevelt and Coolidge might
have made the grade.
General Eisenhower says that he him
self was opposed to a third term for
F. D. R., but only on traditional
grounds, which implies that he had no
political opposition to Mr.. RoGsevelt's
views and policies. Quite the contrary.
He supported them with all his might
from 1910 to the election of Roosevelt
for fourth term. becoming such
Evening star., 1951-10-08
BY Charles E. TroceweN
Robert L. Hayden, Jr.

Again it must be stressed that ordi-
nary insect powders and sprays must
not be used. They are too dangerous
for birds.
Mrs. 10 H. appends the following
note:
"Wrens nestled last spring in sauce
pan hanging on the wall inside our
garage"
The wren is famous for this sort of
thing.
Baskets, sleeves of coats
Almost any old place will do for these
little bubblers.
To get back to the bird house
Any parasites in it must be met. in
the last analysis. by the natural resist
ance Of the birds.
This will be kept at high by good food.
Plenty of food for our wintering birds
is the chief thing we can do for them.
Ordinary sanitation, as humans consider
it. plays little part in their lives.
Good food, such as seeds and grains,
bread. suet. ground meat now and
then
These keep the birds warm and happy
in the cold, and resistant to parasites
and germs of all kinds.
There are so many things to worry
about nowadays, one can drop out the
worry over lice on the wild birds.
Evening star., 1951-10-08
This and That

by the clock every autumn. will take
care of the lice.
In the meantime, there is really not
much any kind-hearted person can do
for them in this respect.
OF course, one might try dousing their
houses with canary louise powder-and
be sure it is for canary birds. Anything
stronger will kill the patient as well as
the disease.
No chemicals of any kind should ever
be used in a bird bath.
No powders. or liquids. or sprays.
DDT and other modern insecticides
are deadly to songbirds. They should
never be used directly on bird or cat,
either.
Their danger to bird life is that the
bird will eat the insects that are slowly
succumbing, and thus will poison itself,
since these compounds build up in the
system.
The best way to help the birds with
their louise problems is to clean out
the houses every fall.
That is why every such house should
be easily dismantled.
Sometimes screws are used for the
bottom board, and these enable the
owner to clean out the house in jiffy.
A good brushing out, with perhaps
dosing Of canary bird louse powder.
will do all that can be done.
Evening star., 1951-10-08
He Unscromb|ed HitIer's Horonques
By Belmont Fories

ONHY, you are the DR.. Schmidt
w who Is always interpreting!" a
British prisoner of war exclaimed as he
recognized the German civilian question
ing him at Saint-Nazaire In 1912. 1--WE
often seen your picture in the papers"
DR.. Schmidt. a professional foreign
office official, was hardly the type to
attract photographers. But he had ap-
peared in hundreds of news pictures pub
lished in all parts of the world. When
Hitler was photographed with foreigners
DR.. Schmidt, his chief interpreter, was
usually in camera range.
AS an interpreter he saw great deal
of history in the making. frequently as
the only witness outside the major par
ticipants. A linguist of unusual ability,
he was careful to contribute nothing
but an accurate translation. His story
of German diplomacy in the 1935-1945
period has just been published as Hit
ler's Interpreter" macmillan; 81.
Actually DIR. Schmidt began his inter-
preting at high level conferences long
before Hitler came to power. In 1924,
when German interpreter at London
reparations conference became too en-
phatic in tranSlating reference to the
Ruhr into French and almost broke up
the conference, DR.. Schmidt, then only
"a, was hastily substituted. At secret
meeting between Stresemann, the Ger
man foreign minister. and Herriot, the
French premier, the difficulties were
patched up.
DR.. Schmidt attended all of the i'm
portant conferences after that, and was
senior interpreter of the German foreign
Office when Hitler was named chancellor.
1t was not until 1885 that he was called
on to interpret for Hitler. who disliked
the foreign Office and everyone connected
with it. Told that DR.. Schmidt had done
good work at the League Of Nations for
long time, Hitler remarked IF he was
at Geneva he's bound to be no good-but
so far as I'm concerned we can give him
a try"
Hitler was pleased with the results.
as interpreters had been able to trans
late only one sentence at a time. The
fuehrer found the constant interruptions
annoying. With Schmidt interpreting, he
could embark on Is or 20 minute
harangues without having his train of
thought broken. From then on, Schmidt
was Hitler's interpreter.
No great admirer of the Nazis,
Schmidt did his job and for the most
part kept his opinions to himself. He
finally joined the Nazi Party in 1943,
under considerable pressure. The follow
ing year, when the purge hit. he was glad
he had.
Strictly civilian. he usually wore a
dark suit with black homburg. or on
more formal occasions top hat and tails.
When Mussolini visited Germany in
Evening star., 1951-10-08

More Boloney Nextweek, is not acquaint-
ed with, nor interested in, facts. Taking
his letter sentence by sentence. I could
not find one fact. If you don't believe
me, try it yourself. He did not make one
assertion that couldn't be refuted several
times, with the facts. It appears to me
that M. B. N. doesn't read the papers,
he just writes to them. He ends his
frothing by stating that "they' "(Those
Republicans" never do anything to aid
the poor or aged. A week or so ago, a
Republican Congressman, Javits Of New
York, introduced a bill which would
prohibit employers from asking appli-
cants to state their age. This bill Is in
tended to prevent discriminating against
older people who are quite capable of
filling certain jobs.
won't take the time to further ex-
pose M. B. MS rantings. but am taking
the time to write this in the hope that
you will explain what value you attach
to such paranoic prose.
Ken Adams,
Publicity Division, Republican National
Committee.
Evening star., 1951-10-08
Indiun Summer

The day hung droDsy, languorous Nth
heat,
The a1ide Potomac mirroring the sho1u
That Autumn's palette faunted. Who
could Eno1D
That where the mighty Potphatans
proud feet
Trod crimson le1Ues Mould tpind q man
stoned street?
Would stand a city glorious in the glo,o
OF Indian Summer, here tDhere buffalo
Once roan,ed, the long house marked
Uilldge seat.
Within this Nations heart, its pulsing
core,
The "Riper OF S,pans" that Pocahontas
Reflects again the flush of Gutunn's
smile.
Small boys drop fishing lines along the
shore;
Birds sing, ecstatic NTH the gold and
blue
OF summer. back for Just little sOhile.
u ModeIyn cobhom
Evening star., 1951-10-08
Angry Republican
Sidney Koretz.

For many years have read Letters
to The Star with more or less interest.
Usually the writer's had something
worthwhile to say. and felt the editors
displayed good taste in what they chose
for the column. But after noting Those
Republicans" in The Star Of October 4,
I fear that this last outpost of news
paper objectivity has given up the ghost.
If your columns are to be turned into
a repository for diatribes of this type,
can furnish you with enough material
to last you 10 years. Not day passes
without our Office receiving one or more
letters written in this vein. Naturally
most of these would have to be entitled.
Those Democrats" We do read all of
them as once in while good thought
or two can be culled from the garbage.
But since most of the writer's are obvi-
ously crackpots, the only answer we
can possibly give them is. 1--WE thank you
for your thoughts on this subject, etc."
M. B. NJ, whose initials must mean
Evening star., 1951-10-08
Falls Church School Crisis

The resignation of six members of the Falls
Church School Board presents that community
with serious school crisis.
1t Is a crisis that Is the more regrettable in
that 1t may have been unnecessary. The deci-
sion to resign was taken while the City Council
still had under consideration the complaints
that had been made against the board. The
School Board members did not know what the
Councils findings would be. And although the
board members were undeniaby wearied and
dspirited, they should have awaited the report
of the Council before determining their own
course of action.
Two qualifications were attached to the
resignation. First, that the board would con-
tinue in office only as body. In other words,
the Council was given the option of asking all
of the board members to stay in office or accept
ing all of the designations. Second, the board
members said they would continue in office only
if given assurance by the Council that Council
conduct causing embarrassment and humia-
ton would cease"
The effect of this is to demand that the
Council, in advance of its own decision on the
charges, plead guilty to the counter charge that
it has been "harasSing" the School Board.
Granting the earnestneSS of the board members,
they must have realized that there was only the
remoteSt prospect that the Council, as the chief
governing body of the city, would accede to any
such conditions.
The next move is up to the Council. If the
designations are accepted the Council must ap-
point new School Board-a board that would
have to take Office and serve under enormous
difficulties In the interests of the school
system, two things are imperative. One is that
every effort be made to maintain and preserve
the confidence and the morale of the school
systems professional staff. The other is that
new School Board, if appointed, should consist OF
individuals whose sole interest Is in serving the
best interests of the schools and who will be
accepted on that basis by the people OF the
community.
Evening star., 1951-10-08
Enforced Union Membership

Mr.. Knox, in his letter Organized
Labor" September 20, pointed to what
he considers the inconsistency of the
brothers who lost their jobs with the
New York Central Railroad. Because
the brothers religious beliefs would not
permit them to pay dues to railroad
union, Mr.. Knox stated he is unable to
understand the scruples Of men who
find that they are able to enjoy all bene-
fits Of American citizenship, but who
are unable to contribute to maintaining
such benefits"
To my way Of thinking, it is Mr..
Knox's scruples or lack of them that
are open to question. Evidently, he
thinks that the right of ''life, liberty
and the pursuit of happiness" belongs
only to labor union members. most
strongly disagree. It also belongs to the
two brothers mentioned above.
I thought Lincolns Emancipation
Proclamation and Gettysburg Address
were considered to be soundly American
in principle, yet after less than CEN
tury the principle is Knocked by enforced
union membership. Maybe I am old
fashioned, but I still think Lincoln was
right.
It is impossible for me to conceive of
anything more un-American than en-
forced membership in anything but the
United States of America. economic
considerations Notwithstanding
Robert L. Hayden, Jr.
Evening star., 1951-10-08
Audubon Exhibition

It often has been remarked that the more
one knows of John James Audubon the more
puzzled one is with regard to what made him
tick The great artist-naturalist was mystery
to himself, and he certainly Is mystery to pres
ent generations of his admirers. Visitors to the
current exhibition of his works at the National
Gallery find on display representative number
of his pictures, including those recently given
by E. J. L. Hallstrom of Australia. Moving from
frame to frame, they ask themselves how such
perfection of portraiture could have been
achieved by craftsman almost completely self
taught. Even if it is true that he studied for
a while with David in Paris as some biographers
believe, the question remains: How did Audubon
develop his marvellous fidelity to nature?
First, he must have possessed phenomenal
eyesight. He saw truthfully. His portraits"
generally are of birds and animals and he
depicted them commonly In action In order to
do that successfully he wandered hundreds OF
miles through the wilderness to observe living
creatures of the woods as they really lived. Then
while his impressions were fresh. he sketched his
subjects in scrupulous detail The results in their
engraved form are unequalled accomplishments.
But each is problem each leases the intelli-
gence of the spectator For example, where did
Audubon obtain his paints his brushes the tools
and the physical materials he needed? No one
can answer definitely.
Still more provocative Is the mystery Of the
one romance of Audubons experience. He met
Lucy Bakewen by seeming accident, yet when
the story is studied sympathetically 1t appears
to have been predestined-as much preordained
as anything can be- For his wife was exactly the
right wife for him. A large share of the credit
for Audubon's triumphs is due to her devotion,
her cooperation with all his enterprises her un-
wavering confidence in him and in his endeavors.
She was his helpmate in the best sense of the
word. The two sons she gave her husband
became his principal assistants in the publica-
ton of his books and it is interesting footnote
to the Audubon saga that they married sisters,
the daughters of Audubon's friend and gifted
collaboration, John Bachman of Charleston.
But there is much, much more to the story
of Americas greatest artist-naturalist than has
been told-or can be told-up to now. The show
at the National Gallery may serve to prompt new
research concerning Audubon and his con-
temporaries.
Evening star., 1951-10-08
More Oil FIowinq

Although steadily increasing demands for
both civilian and military purposes will place a
continuing strain on supplies of crude oil and
petroleum products available to the free world,
expansion of the industry and intensifcation Of
its production efforts have made important
strides forward in recent months.
One of the most significant of these strides
was taken recently with the formal opening
of the new refinery, financed by American
private capital, at Fawley, England. In full oper-
alton the Fawley plant-which has been In the
planning and construction stage for more than
two years-will process about 10000 barrels of
petroleum products daily, nearly one-third Of
Britains present consumption. It's completion at
this time thus offers substantial contribution
toward offsetting the loss of the $4,000 barrels
per day run at the worlds largest plant at
Abadan in Iran.
To supply Fawley and other West European
refnerieS with the crude oil needed to assure
their capacity operation there has been in sew
eral producing areas a gradual stepping-up OF
flow during the past year, with the rate of in
crease moving even more sharply in recent
weeks. Latest figures from the Petroleum Admin
istration for Defense, which has taken leading
part in efforts to coordinate and stimulate free
world oil production, reveal that 100000 addi-
tional barrels of crude oil per day are now guar
anteed from areas outside the United States and
Canada and that diversion of another 10000
barrels daily is projected from these two countries
through November. The remainder of the Abadan
deficit will be supplied to Europe in the form OF
finished products, mostly from the United States,
although refineries on Bahrein Island, at Ras
Tanura in Saudi Arabia and in Venezuela
second only to the United States as the largest
overall producer in the world-have made marked
gains in their production.
While the Fawley project and others which
are now calculated to make West Europe inde
pendent of refinery facilities elsewhere were
designed before the Iranian crisis developed,
there is validity to Prime Minister Attlees warn
ing during the Fawley dedication ceremonies
that long continued shutdown of production in
Iran may well cost that country her normal
world markets. And even though denial of
Iranian production to the West is a serious blow,
there is now reason to believe it will not force
major disruption in Western mobilization.