davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

south, or even double back.
Their crazy meanderings soon
spread them widely.
The locust's life span is be-
lieved to be three to five
months, so those that reach
Central India, for example, are
not the same ones that left the
Red Sea shore, but their de-
scendants by several genera
tons.
Finally the swarms die off.
What happens to make condi-
tons unsuitable for them is not
known. but then for several
years not one locust will be seen
in the entire maximum area.
Control Methods
But some were left behind in
the breeding grounds when the
swarms first took off. They
lay eggs. After a few years
locust will be seen here and
there in the breeding area.
Locusts from an area of a few
square yards will get together.
Then they will get together
with other little punches from
10 yards away. 100 yards away,
mile away. Soon the whole
cycle is under way again.
Can the desert locust be wiped
out? The FAC and the nations
plagued by the disastrous
swarrns hope that it can. Basis
for their hope is what has been
done against two other locusts,
the red and migratory locusts.
both natives of comparatively
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Coffee Outlook Black
Report From the Growing Area Says Cost
Is Apt to Stoy Up and Production Down
By Edward TomIinson
Speeiol 70 The Sunday Sfar

SAC PAULO, Brazil.-Coffee
already one Of the most expensive
items in our. food budget. and the
largest of all of our imports from
abroad, will continue to be costly
If it does not become scarcer.
We have not only frozen prices
at the all-time peak. but a new
survey Of crop conditions shows
that production this year in
Brazil. which accounts for more
than a half of all of our supplies
will be only 5 to 8 per cent more
than last year, when the output
was the smallest in three years
Due to the war in Korea and our
vastly expanded military program,
demand for this favorite Amer
lean beverage will be much greater
Meantime, world consumption also
is increasing.
In the opinion of our own Gov
eminent representatives, stationed
here in the city of Sac Paulo. cap
ttal Of the state of the same name,
and center Of this vast industry,
many factors combine to bear out
such a forecast. First, production
In Sac Paulo itself has been on
the decline in recent years. AL
though coffee growing is no longer
confined to this vast state, Sac
Paulo is still and will continue
for some time to be the chief pro-
ducer. It accounts for more than
half of the entire Brazilian crop.
Yet. its annual production fell
from 11,018.172 bags in 1948 to
7,556,993 In 1850.
Other Price Factors ali
This decline has been due to
many things. In the years when
there was an overproduction and
prices were low, many older plan
tations were abandoned or neg
lected. Since 1880 the number
OF trees in the state of Sac Paulo
has decreased from over is
billion to about l billion. Not
only that but most of the Sac
Paulo trees are old and new
paintings have not yet been suffi-
Gent to make up for the decline
in yield. On the newer planta-
tons. a young tree, in full produc-
ton. yields about 3 pounds of
beans. That means coffee
cleaned. polished and ready for
the market. Today the average
yield throughout the state of Sac
Paulo is only about l pound per
tree.
In the past two years. since
prices began skyrocketing, large
new acreages have been planted
in the western part of the state
and in the adjoining state of
P2rana. But a tree does not be-
gin to bear until the third year
and does not reach full production
until the fifth or sixth year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Dashed Out Pell-Mell

when the alarm of fire reached
the quarters of the Zouave Regi-
ment at the Capitol. leave was
given by the colonel for some of
the men to 60 out and assist to
extinguish it. Nearly 900 men at
once rushed to the sentries' posts
to get past, but not half that num-
Der were permitted to pass. The
lucky ones made a break for the
scene of the fire pell-mell, cap
turing on the way everything in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
SuferSit
|ForIndustry?
By Richard Fiske

NEW YORK.-Many an indus
try is moving to main street. The
trend is away from the great
metropolitan areas of the Nation
to the smaller communities.
There are many reasons. But
many businessmen say one of the
biggest single factors is the pos
sibility of atomic attack.
Lower wage rates and greater
labor reserves are the reasons
given by some industrialiSts for
tne migration.
They say the small town work.
er's living costs often are lower
and his pay rate commensurately
less. Shortages OF labor already
exist in many large industrial
areas, they add, and potential re-
serves are in the smaller COM
munities.
Some say they are attracted by
the lesser tax costs In small towns.
Many say they must shift To-
cations as the national markets
for their products shift.
In some cases an industry is
moving its entire operation from
q large metropolitan center to a
smaller city. In many instances
new branches are being opened
in new areas, or an expanded
operation is being built in a new
community.
This trend toward decentraliZa-
ton, however, is not new to Amer
lean industry.
Potential Targets
Leonard Yaseen. New York
partner Of the Fantus Factory
Locating Service, nationally known
consultants, says:
Hundreds of concerns have
fed metropolitan areas in the past
several decades"
In the past, he adds, the migra-
ton has been because of the high
cost of operation in large indus
trial centers, among other factors
But the present tempo" he
says, sis largely the result of
major developments in aviation
and atomic weapons.
Our large industrial areas are
potential prime targets, and any
plant nearby may easily become
q secondary target. by enemy de-
sign or by mistake"
In the case of security and eco
nomic considerations alike, MIR
Yaseen says the actual geographic
cal location is not nearly as i'm
portant as the lack of industrial
concentration, ordnance works
railroad marshaling yards ane
key bridges or harbors.
Neither does small community
refer to a legal or administrative
entity, he adds.
You may be in township Of
10000 inhabitants, he says, but
it would not be a truly small towr
if it is adjacent TO a metropolitan
area such as New York OF Detroit
A city of 10000. however, HI
says, located a good distance from
any large industrial concentration
might be smaller" for the pur
pose of plant location.
The trek to such areas is be
coming increasingly noticeable il
such metropolitan centers as New
York, Chicago, Detroit and Phila
delphia.
1t is reflected in a tremendou
increase in payrolls and produc
ton workers in many of the Ma
tons smaller communities.
distributed by the Associated PressJ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
By Lawrence Griswold

will have to get along together in
the same nation without loss of
their respective identities.
In line with this policy, the
government is providing separate
areas where non European set
Elements may be established at
state expense for such natives or
Orientals as may wish to take
advantage of them. Shanty-towns
and slums have already been
largely replaced by new settle
ments and new areas are being
laid out for the future. 1t is in
teresting, in view of the Indian
denunciation of Apartheid at Lake
Success that, so far, only Indians
have made use of the opportunity.
BY and large, South Africans
consider the Indian problem a far
graver affair than that of the
native. Since 1880, the South
African government has offered
free transportation and food, to-
gether with a bonus of f40 sterling
to every Indian adult and EGO
sterling to every minor, who
wishes to leave any point in the
Union Of South Africa to any point
outside the union. Few took ad-
vantage of the offer before Indian
independence: since then and up
to February /, 1851, no one has
left
Indians were first imported into
South Africa in 1860 as laborers
in the sugar plantations. AS a
rule, natives are not good workers
and even nowadays the gold and
diamond mines import their labor,
on six months contracts. from the
north. .... .r.
The Indians worked well in the
fields but they brought the evils
of India with them. Banias
(money-lenders) and merchants
followed the laborers and exploited
them to the limit. Durham and
much of East Africa is now full
of Indian millionaires who amassed
their fortunes from the wages of
their fellow-countrymen.
AS modern machinery and world
overproduction in sugar during
1925-1938 conspired to reduce en-
ployment, Indians began to appear
in the cities where they were
promptly organized into various
independence and congress COM
mittees.
AS tools already at hand, the
natives were selected as the pri-
mary targets. Indian propagan-
dists commenced the organization
of natives into political groups by
pointing out the discriminatory"
measures being used against them
Indian Triumphs
It was not long before many
uncritical natives absorbed the
idea that he was being exploited,
after all. The theology of COM
munism, however, and the con-
cept of political independence still
eluded him.
But the greatest Indian tri-
umphs were at the United Nations.
During the sessions Of 1918, the
protagonist for equality for the
| South African natives Was Dr
Yusouf Mohammed Dadoo, a med
ical doctor born in Krugersdorp
and educated at the University of
Johannesburg. DR.. Dadoo was, at
the time. president general of the
Transvaal Indian Congress and
chairman of the johannesburg
Communist Party. In 1919, how
ever, DR.. Dadoo also served as an
adviser to the Indian delegation
to the United Nations and he made
! several dramatic. II inaccurate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
100000
100000

In addition to the above, there
is a large floating population OF
illegal migrants which the govern
ment is attempting to round up
These are generally from Portu-
guese Africa or Rhodesia. who pass
freely across the unpoliced 1900
mile frontier and become. forth
with, squatters and shanty dwell
ers in the metropolitan outskirts
It is this migrant population
which has made necessary the
ch-discussed pass system. Hor-
rified Indian politicians in the
United Nations have protested
against system which they have
styled "dog-tags for natives" for
getting, apparently, that cartes
d'identite and cedulas are COM
mon in Europe and Latin America
and several times have been sug-
gested for the United States.
Must Garry Passes
African place-names frequently
have little or no relation to Euro
pean names for the same cities
or towns. and lost or strayed ma
tives sometimes have extreme
difficulty in explaining their ad-
dresses. The pass supplies identi-
fication and legal address. Ma
tives without passes are obviously
migrants and held for deporta-
ton, since they are invariably in
digent and drain off food and re-
lief money from ALLEGATIONS avail
able to i'll or unemployed natives,
The government is also criti-
cized for charging a fee for the
passes, but the retort is that if
the pass cost nothing it would
have no value in native eyes and
would Immediately be discarded
or lost. The tax for the pass is
10 shillings ($1.40) and shill-
ing IA cents) thereafter fol-
each annual renewal.
Other taxes levied against ma
tives are universal poll tax of
pound sterling ($2.8O and a wage
tax against the higher salaried
and upper income groups of the
professional men and technolo-
gists.
All native taxes are directed
back into native welfare funds
such as unemployment insurance
old-age pensions, sick fund, etc
Besides this. an important per-
centage of tax income from the
whites is diverted into native
channels. During the past three
years. over II million pounds ster.
ling have gone into native vel.
fare. Since only 100000 whites
actually pay taxes, the per capita
white contribution toward the ma.
tive fund amounts to about $4s
annually.
The Apartheid - separation
question is an integral part of tn
long-range program Of the Uniol
of South Africa. Recognizing tina
the dilemma of a preponderan
native population is unlikely t.
disappear for some years to come
the government has accepted tn
proposition that native and whit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
South Africa Irked at Racial Problem Criticism

III CapeCOWn lew Gays ago,
Premier Daniel F. Malan rose to
say a few words to Britain's visit
ing Secretary for Dominion Rela-
tons. Patrick Gordon Walker.
Both Great Britain and the United
States, declared DR.. Malan, were
guilty of ignorance and unjust
criticism in the matter of South
Africa's race problems.
DR.. Malan then posed the ques-
tion as to what Britain Or the
United States would do if their
respective populations were over
Swallowed by colored ratio
of four to one. He sug-
gested that if tie United States
followed its own advice to South
Africa it would become a huge
North American Liberia; a condi-
ton, said DR.. Malan, which the
Union of South Africa is deter
mined to avoid.
In effect, there was no race
problem in South Africa until
about 1912 when Indian crusaders,
like the late Mohandas Karam-
chand Gandhi, then a Johannes
burg lawyer. commenced to preach
racial uprisings against the Brit
ish Empire. AS during the days in
the ante-bellum American South,
the relations between the Negro
and the white had reached an
equilibrium and, although there
was no slavery in South Africa
after 1929, voluntary feudal con-
dition continued over wide areas,
especially on the farms where
natives were considered part of
the family and attended the eve
ming prayers Of devout Afrikand-
ers. 1t was the abolition of slavery
by the English, however, that was
responsible for the great trek of
the Beers.
Historically, the native came
late to South Africa, arriving sew
eral decades after the first Dutch
settlers. When Jan van Riebeeck
landed on the shores Of Table Bay
in 1852. the indigenous copper
colored Bushman had already
been driven from the scene by
the invading Hottentot. Being
hunters and nomadic, the pgymy
bushman cheerfully retreated into
the Kalahari Desert region, west
of Johannesburg, where several
hundred of them still live.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

speeches on the racial situation in
South Africa. He was scheduled
to return to the United Nations
for the last session, but, perhaps
due to his State Department list
ing as zone of the nine most dan
gerous Communists alive" he de-
cided to remain in Natal.
Communism Threat
Many urban natives. torn be-
tween the rosy promises of the
Communists and the less exciting
pattern of a normal future, have
unfortunately, succumbed to the
studied Establishments of the Reds.
In Johannesburg, last year, the
Communist candidate for Parlia-
ment was elected by so over
whelming a majority that his con-
sentative rival for Office forfeited
his 50-pound deposit for re-
ceiving fewer than the minimum
20 per cent of his opponents votes.
A little late, the government
promptly outlawed the Communist
Party.
And now. according to sources
high in the government Of, the
Union Of South Africa. the mo
ment is critical. II Western recog-
milton of South Africa's racial
problems is not secured. nothing
can halt the wave of communism
from sweeping over the nation.
And If Africa goes Communist,
they assert, it will 60 all the way.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Hottentots Trimmed Out

The yellow skinned Hottentot
pronounced Hutt-en-Tut, a
Dutch name derived from the
clicking language of the people,
is also a pygmy. but a herdsman
and farmer. The fow Hottentots
still living are usually found on
veldt farms where their ancestors
were born and died. Excellent
men with horses and livestock, the
Hottentot early linked his destiny
with that of the European farmer
planter. Previously, however,
there was disastrous guerrilla war;
fare and the surviving Hottentots
were further reduced in numbers
by assimilation into the encroach-
ing Bantu tribes,
AS the colonizing Dutch pio-
neered northward, they began to
encounter the vanguard of the
ntu-speaking Zulus, who were
pastoral but exceedingly warlike
and a conflict commenced which
continued sporadically until the
last Zulu War. in 1907.
During frontier days. steady
migration from east. west ane
Evening star., 1951-02-06
Manor Park Asks Abolition
OF People S Counsel Office

The Manor Park Citizens Asso-
citation last night asked that the
Office of peoples counsel. now va
cant, be abolished.
It was charged that the Office
no longer fulf1lls its function and
is a waste of money.
Vernon Baker has been filling
the duties of that Office" said
Ernest H. Pullman.
He referred to Mr.. Bakers court
fight, in behalf of the Federation
of Citizens Associations against a
proposed rate increase by the
Washington Gas Light Co. The
case now is pending before the
Supreme Court.
Also proposed last night was the
appointment of Walter L. Fowler,
District budget officer. to fill Com
missioner Guy Mason's post, If Mr..
Mason is not reappointed. The
Commissioners term expired Sat-
|urday.
The association also asked for
repeal of the Districts personal
property taxes. revision of the
sales tax to conform with that in
Maryland, a 1852 District budget
mot to exceed $110 million and a
Evening star., 1951-02-06
Stanton Park Citizens
Pick Policeman for Award

The Stanton Park Citizens AS
sociation recommended last night
that Officer Joseph Junghans Of
No. Precinct be given the Police
man of the Month award.
Association members had moth
ing but praise for Officer Jung
hans work as precinct co-ordina-
tor for school-boy patrols. Due to
retire soon, he was appointed to
the police department in 1917.
Harry N. Stull, a former pre-
sident of the Federation of Citi-
Zens' Associations, urged the group
to take a stand on a proposed
change in the Federation's meet
ing night. 1t was moved that
Federation meetings continue to
be held on Saturday night.
The association also heard a
request from a divisional civil
defense head that candidates for
the Area 10 warden post be
named.
The meeting was conducted in
the Peabody School, Fifth and c
streets NE. by c. P. Johnson,
president.
Evening star., 1951-02-06
Audubon Society to Meet

DR.. Carl r. Ecklund will talk
on '"The Wildlife of the Ungava"
at a meeting of the District
Audubon Society at 7:3O pm. to-
morrow in Room 43 of the Ma
tional Museum, Tenth street and
Constitution avenue NV. An
earlier announcement enormously
gave tonight as the time of the
meeting.
Evening star., 1951-02-06

of dietary bulk, do as this man
does. Eat an ounce (about 12 cup)
of tasty kellogg's ALL-BRAN daily,
drink plenty of water. If not COM
pletely satisfied after 10 days, return
empty carton to Kellogg's, Battle
Creek, Mich. Get DOUBLE YOUR
MONEY BACK!
Evening star., 1951-02-06

regularly. Now | feel
like a new man,
Earl Noecker, 1884
Derry ST., Harris
burg, Pa. Just one of
many unsolicited let
fers from ALL-BRAN
users. If you are
troubled with con-
cfipofioy, It,o lock
Evening star., 1951-02-06
Women's Bur to Meet

The District Women's Bar As
sociation will meet for lunch at
noon tomorrow in the Hotel Carl
ton. Mrs. Sarah B. Perrin will
serve as hostess.
Evening star., 1951-02-06
Lehiqh Alumni to Dine

A dinner meeting of the Wash
ington Lehigh University Alumni
Association will be held at $50
o'clock tonight in the Burlington
Hotel.
Evening star., 1951-02-06

Federal payment Of half the Dis
trict's budget.
Benjamin C. Cruickshank, presi-
dent. held the meeting in the au-
ditorium of the Whittier School,
Fifth and Sheridan streets NV.
Evening star., 1951-02-06
FEELS NEW AGAIN"
IRREGULARITY GONE!

"For years l had taken pills and
harsh laxatives for constipation.
Then | started to eat ALL.BRAN
Evening star., 1951-10-09
Music
Elizabeth Cotes'
Recital Reveals
Pionistic Facility
By Alice Eversmon

The recital given by Elizabeth
Gates in the Phillips Gallery last
night served to reveal a pianist OF
attainments whose progress in the
soloiSt field has been watched with
Interest. Her program, OF routined
order, had only one gesture to-
ward the contemporary composer
with the inclusion OF Paul Cres-
lton's "Preludes. Opus %, Numbers
3 and T." For these she had pro-
nounced sympathetic feeling and
in many ways the charming num-
bers demonstrated her ability
Ibest. The syncopated bass OF the
first served for an interesting
background for the themes given
the right hand and the second
Offered melodic style bearing
1.-THE individuality Of the composer
in its treatment.
The quality of Miss Gates tone
took on more expressive coloring
lin the Creston "Preludes." For
1.-THE Chopin "Preludes" preceding
1.-THE Creston, Miss Gates has the
|verve, the fire and the technical
facility to meet the exceptional
demands made by the 9th and the
oath of the set that were pro-
grammed. The 10th Etude from
Chopin's opus 10, was rhythmi-
Ically smooth and the 5th Of opus
I25 was also secure in delivery. As
a Chopin player, however. Miss
Gates is concerned chiefly with
the required virtuosity and has
not as yet grasped the intangibles
that burnish a performance and
which could have been used ad-
Ivantageously In the F sharp
Minor prelude.
This was again in evidence in
|Beethoven's seldom played Son
lata, opus co." It's romantic con-
tent. melodic charm, and con-
Itrasts of geniality and stress, were
Iobscured under a weight Of SON.
Iority. Nor were the imaginative
moments of Bach's "Chromatic
Fantasy and Fugue," the OPEN
ling number, realized in the oc-
casions offered for singing tone.
The recital. while demonstrating
Miss Gates real pianistic facility
land earnestneSs, was monotone In
color and style. She is at a point
where deeper study Of tonal
limiting and of decided dynamics
would advance her greatly and
remove her from her present per-
cussive approach. The hall was
filled with well-wishers and the
Applause was encouraging.
Evening star., 1951-10-09
Woman Cashier Rescued, Held In $4,000 Theft

|eiry -. things she doesn't need
|or use. Brother, nothing but the
best Z. and a brand-new car, a
beauty"
Oficers recovered $500 from a
coffee pot.
Mr.. Valentine said Miss Crosth-
waite said she managed the thefts
Iby taking Office holdups and ma
lnipulating records of the Inter-
ocean Steamship Corp. her en-
|ployer for Is years.
He reported she jumped into
the bay after learning police want
ed to question her about some
records. An alert dock worker
pulled her out Immediately.
Evening star., 1951-10-09
Accountants to Meet

r. Jack Gary. jr., assistant to the
Controller for Accounting. Coast
Guard, will address dinner meet
ing Of the District chapter of the
American Society of Women Ac-
lcountants at 6 pm. tomorrow in
Lee House.
Evening star., 1951-10-09
sy The Asseeioisd Press

SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. g.
Margaret Crosthwaite. 35-year-olc
cashier, was dragged from the
bay yesterday--to face q charge ot
having stolen $4,000 from hel
|employer.
Police inspectors said she read
lily admitted the thefts--over Az
years, and sobbed:
II guess 1t was because I had q
frustrated childhood. never hac
the things ] wanted"
She did until yesterday, said In.
spector William Valentine A
laviShly furnished apartment
loaded with gifts ;. costume jew.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1951-04-04

he was sent under the auspices oi the World Health Organization of the United Nations. Alter is engi- neer and director of the division of sanitation for the Alaska Depart ment of Health.
 Alter covered many angles of bealth sanitation and methods of operation and pointed out that the trip was for mutual exchange of information. He regarded the con- tacts he made as important through which to carry on exchange of health information.
 Speaking of the impressions he gathered from those ,.- talked v;t;o regarding possible war, ncst of them felt it was coming. The Films took the attitude, "We1l do the best we can;" the Swedes, well try to maintain our neutrality, and do the best we can;" and the Norwegians