davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Miami times., 1951-01-06
BOLIVARIANS IN
DEFENSE ACTION

During the 29th and 30th of
December, 1850, the General As
Sembly of Departmental Dele
gates of the "Liga International
de Accion Bolivariana" (Interna-
tional League of Bolivarian Ac-
tion) held an emergency meeting
in Miami, taking measures for a
general mobilization of their over
100000 active members through
out the Western hemisphere, to
support the declarations of Inter-
American Solidarity.
T DR.. A. Ramon Ruiz, the Leagues
Director General who came from
New York to attend this emer-
gency meeting stated: "Being the
International League of Bolivar
ian Action the strongest inter-
American Civic Organization, it is
our duty to always be alert and
not to wait for request of CO.
operation from our governments.
In very near future, the confer
ence of Ministers of Foreign At
fairs of the 81 American Re-
publics will hold the emergency
meeting called upon by the, Or
ganization of the American States
(Pan-American Union). They will
represent the government of our
countries. We (the League) on
behalf of the people of those
countries already have agreed to
do everything in our power to
support all defense efforts, in or
der to preserve freedom and de-
mocracy in the Western Hemis-
phere."
DR.. and Mrs. Ruiz are the guests
of Mr.. and Mrs. Charles M. Gar
cia, at their residence at 1891 SW
I5lst terrace, Coral Gables.
The Miami times., 1951-01-06
ONLY ONE NEGRO
LYNCHED IN so

TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE -
(ANP) - The annual report of
lynchings compiled by the de-
partment of records and research
at Tuskegee Institute, lists only
two lynchings for the year 1850,
one of which was that of Negro.
It also reports that seven lynch
ingS six in the south and one
in the north - were thwarted. OF
this number, four Negroes were
the intended victims.
Records of the past five years
show the same number of lyn-
chings occureed in 1850 as in
1948. Figures for the five year
period are: 1850, 2; 1949, 8; 1948,
2; 1947, /; 1946, 6, making a total
of ii for the period covered.
The Negro lynch victim was
Jack Walker, alias Jack Kendall,
alias Clinton Walker, 40-year-old
laborer from Gay, Ga. His body
was found last August in creek
near the Flint river. He had been
The Miami times., 1951-01-06
Gwendolyn Brooks
To Lecture At
Columbia

NEW YORK - (ANP)-Gwen-
dolyn Brooks, the first Negro
woman to be honored with the
Pulitzer prize, continues to crash
barriers. The Chicago author will
be a guest consultant in the Eng
lish Seminary at Barnard college.
DR.. William Boyd of Atlanta
university was the most recent
professor of color to hold sessions
on the Morningside Heights CAM
pus.
The Miami times., 1951-01-06

shot by three men for whom he
worked. His crime? Knowing too
much about illegal whiskey traf-
fic.
The White victim seems to. have
been the wrong man., since
there was nothing against him. He
was killed on February % by a
band of unmasked men. His 19-
year-old son was wounded in the
fracaS.
The Miami times., 1951-01-06
1t Happened In MY.
By Gladys P. Graham
NEW YORK MECCA FOR YEAR END MEETS
By Gladys P. Graham

NEW YORK MECCA FOR YEAR END MEETS
NEW YORK (ANP) New City apparently the
Four thousand college and university professors the Modern
from Howard Hampton Morgan State and other Negro colleges are
participants and members of this body
Sigma fraternity Harlem and Hotel
Theresa last week for its annual meet Julian Bash LINCOLN univ
honored.
large group Alpha Kappa Alpha including national
MO-, for their Boule
The &c ft in oe
did, dCenury"
830-955 The list of
sepia professors expected not available at press time
NEGRO PHYSICIAN ACTIVE IN MIDDLE EAST ANTI
TRAcHoMA DRIVE
Agency Refugees well
reporting clinics dispenaes under his supervision aic
1 n a6n0P 1 cure % fPas % 1 o osan an eiUS S @ 6
ity professional societies
JOHN BIoeRAPHER DIES
Rdgely Terrence Buckeye writer and staunch
Peoples hospital Terrence
throughout Georgia poem
or on m ] Bird and nd the and plays m e The kr as
ing college drama workshops and little theatrical
HENRY HOLT TO PUBLISH LANesroN HUGHES FIRST
BOOK LENGTH POEM
"Montage of Deferred" Langston Hughes first book
length poem on the Henry Holt presses M 1t slated for PSbS publ ca
exhibit of Mr. Hughes work in their library caused great stir and
interest Barnard girls and visitors the Columbia university
campus
NYu STUDENTS CROWN PEARL BAILEY QUEEN OF THE BALL
Pearl Bailey Broadway hit "Bess ALL
recently students their
held Bailey with
by the students the School of Education crowned Queen of the
Ball Katherine Dunham dance rendered similar by
students of NYU last
ed the The reervatiSS duty jack
his home in Washington a business mission
NEVER
bestowed
.pary
neglected emoonaly disturbed Wiwyck
Boys, Roosevelt Hall the institution
attenvey
FDR read Dickens christmas Carol"
NASSAU DANCERS SON AT sMALLs PARADISE
partner Marlyn
Smals Paradise The
Paul Meere r is the of Thema and Paul Meeres
with their excellent presentations of terpsichorean
presenting company IN special
African dancers people at the
Womens Hebrew association.
CHARLOTTE HOLMAN EATON YMcA NEW YEAR
ARTISTS
Roy Eaton Yale university featured artists the
the Harlem YdCA William H. Workman is
chairman.
For Friendly Service In Your Il
Evening star., 1951-07-07
This and That

should be taken outdoors, and fed on
the grass, and it will soon learn to peck
up food of the ground, and In so doing
will get all the grit it needs.
Foods commonly used are bits Of beef,
hamburger. yolk or hard-boiled egg and
pablum and milk.
These may be fed separately. or mixed
together. A drop of cod liver oil may
be used once q day.
If tiny insects, including beetles, and
the smallest worms can be found, these
make the best of all baby bird food.
All young birds are fed on such foods.
The feeding is done at least once an
hour, but need not be done at night.
The baby bird soon gets used to its
foster parent and looks forward to its
meal
Nature has given it one interesting
aid, and this simply is that the throat
closes, when it has had enough.
Many human being has wished that
he might benefit from such a provision
of nature, when he finds himself stufhng
down food he knows he does not need
simply because it tastes good.
t4*
Birds found and brought up by hand
are best kept on a screened porch, or
in large cardboard carton, with
screen over it.
Some old rags are put in the bottom.
and the bird shielded from cdld nights,
Evening star., 1951-07-07
By Charles E. Trocewen

and especially the sun. since both are
danger.
In summer it might not seem that
"cold" night would hurt baby bird,
since there are not many cold nights,
according to the human viewpoint. But
the baby bird in nature has its mothers
protective body to shield it. This must
be made up for by an arrangement Of
rags, and seeing to it that no sun strikes
the bird until about its fourth week.
After it learns to fly, it may be given
expeditions at first around the house
and later outdoors. In many cases the
bird viii return to the house for the
night, but soon there will come change.
as nature takes over. Then the bird
will refuse to return to the house and
will be on it's own, which is the best way.
Such a bird at first runs a danger
Of being too friendly to strangers; and
a human who suddenly finds bird
perched on his shoulder or hat may
not understand that this is bird which
has been befriended by some other
human being Z,
Soon, however, the bird reverts to
its normal bird psychology and tends
to regard all human beings as enemies.
Such a bird will return to the home
yard every year. so it is good thing
to try to determine upon some special
mark. or watch it for some interesting
habit, 10 that It may be recognized
whenever II shows up.
Evening star., 1951-07-07
s r.
Reorqonizinq The Reserves

Passage of the 1851 Selective Service Act
made necessary reorganization of the reserve
forces along the lines just proposed by the De-
fense Department. The new draft law, with its
conditional universal military training provision,
is designed to feed graduates" of the draft or
UNIT system into the reserve components OF the
Army Navy and Air Force This would be a
difficult process under the existing reserve setups
of the armed forces, for there are marked diff
ferences among the three types of reservists.
fs bill introduced by Representative Brooks
of Louisiana would standardize reserve forces,
both as to qualifications for membership and
length of service. Technology would be uniform
for all the branches, too. The measure was.
prepared at the Pentagon at the request OF
committeeman who had part in drawing up
provisions of the new manpower legislation The
reserve forces at present divided into organ
ized" volunteer" and inactive" classes, with
variations among the services as to requirements
for membership. The reorganization plan would
abolish these classifcations in favor OF three new
groups of reservists (D The Ready Reserve,
which, as its name implies, would consist OF men
fully trained for instant call during any urgent
expansion of the armed forces. 90 The Standby
Reserve made up of men who would be called to
active duty only in time of war or extreme
emergency and then only after mobilization of
the Ready Reserve. 80 The Retired Reserve, not
ordinarily subject to call. ,.
With such reserve program in effect, the
Ready Reserve would become the reservoir into
which would be channeled the draftees who had
completed their two years of active duty with the
regular forces. These men would be required to
Serve three wears in the Ready Reserve, after
which they would be eligible for transfer to the
Standby Reserve for another three years This
in accordance with >the draft laws requirement
that all men must serve six years in reserve units
after completing their active duty. If the uni
versal military training provision eventually be-
comes operative Congress will take second
look lat it after a new commission makes its
report the young men completing their six
month training program also will go into the re-
serve for the remainder of their eight years of
service
An important part of the proposed reserve
plan would be devoted to measures to insure that
reserysts will be physically qualified at all times
for active duty Periodic physical examinations
would be given all members of the Ready and
Standby Reserves, to make certain that they are
At for service. Some of the reserve organizations
in the past hsts been lax in checking up 4 the
Evening star., 1951-07-07
"TAKoMA PARK.

"TAKONfA PARK.
Dear Sir:
st am always finding half-grown baby
birds My latest is blue jay.
II would like to help them get started
in life, but don't know just what to
feed them while very young.
"Also, how can make them open
their mouths?
Sincerely, B. r."
It is not problem to get baby bird
to open its mouth.
Usually it is open at all times. but
If it persists in keeping it closed, the
thing to do is to touch the bill with
bit of food on the end of toothpick.
Usually this is automatic.
But before each feeding, which should
be at least every hour during daylight,
it is a good thing to touch the bill
with a medicine dropper filled with
water.
Trickle some of the water over the
bill.
In nature the young birds food con-
sists Of small insects and their eggs and
small worms brought by the parents.
Artificial foods are dryer and so the
water is needed
At no time try to supply the bird
with sand or grit Of any sort. This
will kill it, since its digestive tract II
not in condition for that yet.
fter three or four weeks, the b4d
Evening star., 1951-07-07
Koesong Is Only the Beginning

@ When the truce seeking colonels of the
U. N. and Chinese Communist armies meet at
Kaesong, that village will become a tiny island
of peace surrounded by continuing war. If We
keep in mind some of the fundamental mechanics
of this first step toward possible peace in Korea,
we may have better idea of what to expect in
the next week or two, while the war goes on.
The mission of these colonies is not to
arrange cease-flre agreement. Their mission
is to reach agreement, if agreement Is possible
upon: an agenda for later conference between
higher officers of the opposing armies. The terms
of ceaSing fire are merely one point on this
agenda. Ceasing fire does not precede later dis
cuSSions. The later discussions will concern the
terms of an armistice of which ceaSing fire is
only one.
An agreement on the agenda for an armistice
discussion may require several days. Meanwhile,
the fighting continues. If there Is agreement
on the agenda the negotiation of terms, outlined
in that agenda, will come next and these nego-
tiationS will be conducted on higher military
level, perhaps between General Ridgway and his
opposite number. Or perhaps the higher-level
negotiations will be conducted by General Ridg-
ways subordinates and their opposite numbers,
with the general himself remaining aloof in case
there is to be yet another conference. And in
all this time, the fighting will continue.
W4ldL We dIc pIOpOo1lS 1oI IAlC d6CAud 10 q
military secret. But ceasing fire must be con-
tngent upon agreement on other points, such
as the extent of permissible reorganization behind
the lines, exchange of prisoners, the amount and
nature of supplies that may be moved from the
rear, the line on which the opposing armies will
stop, the disposition of the wounded the right
of mutual observation of movement behind the
line. 1t would be foolish, of course, to cease fire
until these and other parts of an arnistice are
written down and signed by those empowered
to enforce them.
The amount of time to be consumed in
drawing up the armstice will depend on two
things. The first is the sincerity of the foe.
If he is stalng, that should become evident and
that may mean the setting of a deadline by
which agreement either must be reached or the
war continued. The second is the facility with
which the negotiators on the other side will
communicate with their superiors in Peiping, or
Moscow or maybe both-and the nature of the
response. BY now we know that in the Com
munist countries no one but the boss speaks
with authority-the field representatives agree
to nothing until they get the word. This process
may consume two or three weeks.
And all the time men will be dying on the
battlefield with possible peace just around the
corner. But more men might die, later on, If
we gave up the advantages on the battlefield
now in our possession before there is hard and
fast agreement on the conditions that must
accompany the final order to cease fire.
Evening star., 1951-07-07
The Crime Of Aggression

little less than five years ago the victors
in World War II laid down new principle of
international law at Nuremberg. They decreed
that the planning or waging Of aggressive war
should be the supreme crime" against humanity.
Furthermore, the judges said that those guilty
of waging a war of aggression should be pun
ished and pursuant to that II of Hitlers Nazis
were condemned to die on the galloWs.
Russian judge sat on that tribunal and
concurred in the decision His only complaint
was that three OF the defendants were acquitted.
If he had prevailed all of them would have been
hanged.
But much can happen in five years. The
shift of power balances that come with the pas
sage of time can corrode the finest principles.
And so it happens that the peace-makers today
are seeking formula for ending another war
another aggressive war-but nothing is being
said about indicting the aggressors and hanging
them for their crimes
There is not the slightest doubt that Russia,
the same Russia whose representative sat in
judgment on the court at Nuremberg, planned
the aggression against South Korea and trained
and equipped the army that executed the attack
The participation of the Chinese Communists in
this aggressive war has been open and notorious
But there Is no thought or suggestion that these
culprits come within reach of the precedent set
at Nuremberg. They have not been charged with
the supreme crime against humanity The
Nuremberg principle will not be mentioned at
Kaesong, and the peace makers would frown on
any one who might be tactless enough to bring
1t up.
What conclusions can be drawn from this
state of affairs? What is the real lesson to be
learned?
The Nuremberg judgment remains as inher-
emily valid today as when it was pronounced. Nor
need we be disusioned. or cynical because we
see it being honored in the breach.
The trouble is that too many people were too
emotional too uncritical, in their acceptance of
what the judges said at Nuremberg. Aggressive
war remains crime against humanity. But in
Korea we lack the means to punish the aggres-
sors. In this imperfect world moral principles are
not self f-executing A powerful aggressor, If un-
defeated in war cannot and will not be punished
That is fact of life, and we might as well accept
it as such. If there is reason for concern, it is
not because the criminals in Korea will 60 un-
punished. That, in the circumstances, cannot be
helped. But it would be different matter if the
world, in less than five years. has forgotten the
principle of Nuremberg, if the silence on the part
of the peace makers means they no longer re-
member that aggression has been formally de-
fined as the supreme crime against mankind.
This is doctrine that should be preserved as
goal. We cannot attain it now, but it will never
be attained If it is forgotten and permitted to
die of neglect.
Evening star., 1951-07-07
MoryIonds Horrible Example,

Maryland circuit Judge has made good
point in an apparent reaction to Governor Nc
Keldin's recent request that the States judges
adopt "get-tough" attitude toward traffic law
violators. The Governor had declared to group
of magistrates that Maryland is horrible ex-
ample of traffic safety" While Circuit Judge
Morgan c. Harris of Allegany County does not
contest that statement, he made it plain to
visiting group of legislators that the fault does
not lie entirely with enforcement authorities.
The State itself, he pointed out, is lax in dealing
with defective cars and defective drivers.
Judge Harris has good reason to make this
charge of governmental laxity. For Maryland is
the only State in the Union with permanent
registration system for drivers It also is one
of the few States which does not require periodic
inspection of automobiles. Once person is
licensed to drive car in Maryland, he remains
permanently licensed to drive no matter what
physical defects may develop afterward. AS
Judge Harris told the Legislative Council at
Cumberland, it is "intolerable that 1t makes no
difference whether man is half blind or blind,
or loses a leg or two legs and still retains his
drivers license"
Various sessions of the Maryland Legislature
have had these shortcomings of the law pointed
out by traffic authorities, but nothing has been
done about them. The problem has been
topic of discussion at State and national safety
conferences Yet drivers with physical defects
continue to drive cars with faulty equipment
until some accident brings the defects of driver
or car to official attention Only then is action
taken to correct the conditions.
The proper time to take preventive action
is before an accident occurs, not after somebody
has been killed or injured on the public high
ways. Adequate checkups on both drivers and
cars at regular intervals would help to amelio-
rate the horrible" conditions of which Governor
McKeldin complains
Evening star., 1951-07-07
Preserving the Nations Charters

The 175th anniversary of the Declaration of
Independence has been observed not merely by
displaying it but also by showing 1t under more
favorable conditions than ever were feasible
before. During World War II the original copy,
together with the Constitution, was hidden in an
underground vsult at Fort Knox in Kentucky.
Both documents suffered some damage. When
they were brought back to the Library of Con-
research investigation of better ways and means
of protecting precious papers, started long pre-
viously, likewise was revived The net result Of
this activity now has been announced 1t con-
sstS of inclosng both Declaration and Consti-
tuition in sealed sheets of what technically is
known as "thermopane." The actual sealing was
done by E. Carroll Creitz gas chemist on the
staff of the National Bureau of Standards, who
has invented new detecting unit for checking
against any change in the helium- moisture con-
tent Of the atmosphere" inside the glass castings
This device will be employed periodically to in
sure a standard environment for the Nations
basic charters of freedom. The task thus far is
but partly completed. Only the Declaration and
three sheets of the Constitution have been
framed up to now. The cost per document has
been fairly high, and additional funds would
be needed if the Bill of Rights and the other ad-
ditional materials now being displayed at the
Library were to be accorded the same protection
But the expense seems justified when we remem-
ber now important are the symbols by which
we live. All the Nations primary papers should
be guarded for posterity in line with what mod
ern science has proved to be the most efficacious
way.
Evening star., 1951-07-07
By William A. MilIen

By William A. MilIen
cabinet officers are sued here adds to
its burdens 80
But with this ever-groWing volume of
business. the facilities Of District Court
are Victorian. Ten judges sit in the
present building. one Of the oldest struc-
lures in the city, which was recondi-
toned many years ago to accommodate
only five or six jurists.
The courts offices are spread all over,
and the perplexed citizen, baffled by
court procedure anyway. finds himself
on merry-go-round in attempting to
get oriented in the maze.
Chief Judge Bolitha j. Laws and
Judge James W. Morris have their
courtrooms and chambers in the Mu-
nicipal Court building. The late Judge
Alan T. Goldsborough also sat there.
This break from the courts family
circle dates from 1888. Judge Laws
found then there was not room to sit
with his brethren in the old building.
There are now Is jurists on the tri-
bunal.
Some of District Courts records are
stored in the Juvenile Court building.
Two of the judges are sitting in the
Standard Oil Building, Third street and
Constitution avenue NV. They are
Judges James r. Kirkland and Burnita
s. Matthews. Another, Judge Walter
N. Bastian. has been sitting in loaned
space at Twelfth street and Constitu-
ton avenue NV, while his chambers
were in the Standard Oil building.
The marriage license bureau and the
photostat Office Of the court are in the
basement of the Municipal Courts
Civil Branch at Fourth and E streets
NV.
The Domestic Relations Commission
er, who deals with difficulties between
Evening star., 1951-07-07
Dwelling Place

A fragile thing is my serenity
When needless words can suddenly
erase
What careful toll had built, facsimile
Remembered of a long-lost dspellino
place.
1t seemed dependable and real. and !
Could iDGlk from quiet room, to room
content.
needed nothing more to satisfy
MY heart. Peace lny In glad relin-
quistnlent.
But noD its halls proue counterfeit, re-
turn
An empty sound. Substance disinte.
CRATES
To shadotO. On the hearth no embers
burn
And BY its ashes loneliness awaits.
Yet ouer the shaken iodlls old hopes
unturl-
TO strive once more to line the she'll
NTH pearl.
i EIizobeth AIsop Shepard.