Evening star., 1951-09-06
Sy Tn. Associated Press

SAN FRANCISCO. Sept. g.
Following is a running account
OF the afternoon session yeSter-
day of the first plenary meeting
OF the japanese Peace Confer
eftce..
Secretary Acheson brought tht
afternoon session to order at
pm. &c, pm. EDTO.
Andrei Gromyko and members
of his Soviet delegation were
among the first to arrive.
Mr.. Gromyko conferred with
members of the Soviet bloc dele
cations just before the session
began.
Mr.. Acheson turned over the
gavel to Vice President Percy
Spender of Australia, who 'recog-
nized United States Ambassador
John Foster Dulles.
Mr.. Dulles said, "the founda-
tionS of peace were laid by the
many who gave their lives. We
are here to redeem in some small
way the debt we owe. The task
is not a simple one"
Japan Is Transformed.
Mr.. Dulles, chief author of the
japanese treaty. said:
Our occupation. of Japan wa
calm and purposeful. There art
Gin Japan freedom of speech
respect for human rights. We art
happy to welcome the Japanest
here.
The occupation terms have
been met.
THE Japan of today is trans.
formed from the Japan of yester.
day. !. @ (
Japan IS not forgotten or ex.
The wording of peace ha.
shown no trace of angry pas.
sion. :"
He praised Gen. Macarthur
saying:
HE provided the occupation
withs moral leadership"
This brought a round Of ap-
plause.
The United States has taker
the initiative, he noted, saying
There are some who now dis
parage the role we played in the
Pacific. The United State;
was given the right to make the
supreme commander. 1t was thai
which put us in position to judge
when the japanese were prepared
for peace.
Calls Preliminary Talks.
I'm 1947 he proposed a prelimi-
nary conference to consider plans
for japanese peace treaty. -.
Negotiations began about q
year ago. We had six consulta-
tionS, and after that many ex-
changes of views. the United
States mission toured the globe
visiting many capitals on the first
round of discussions, son the basic
principles to be applied"
Last March, he said, a treaty
was subjected to intensive study
by more than 20 countries, so that
a broad base of unity might be
found.
I'VE have been conducting what
is in effect an 11-months peace
conference to make it the broad
est peace treaty in all history, ~
declared Mr.. Dulles.
"We have prepared and have
available to, any delegates the
present text. This will show how
fully the diplomatic channels
worked on this treaty.
The treaty retained the basic
principles on which we started" !"
he said.
This treaty, he remarked. gave
opportunity in the family of ma
tions to apply these principles, to
do particular justice without vio-
lating these principles.
Seeks to Join U. N.
Speaking on the preamble, Mr..
Dulles called it an important part
of the treaty. In it Japan an
nounceS aspirations to become a
member of the United Nations.
Japan also promises to adhere
TO international fair trade and
practices.
Mr. Dulles asked rhetorically
why Japan should not be put un-
der legal compulsion to carry this
out.
He said for an example that
when the Japanese apply for U. N.
membership they do not want to
be under compulsion to join.
He said that treaty obligation
should be such that it. could be
precisely formulated to decide just
what are their rights and duties.
The sovereignty which we rec
ogni2e is the sovereignty of the
Japanese people and whatever ter
ritory that the Japanese people
have he stated. "a
Cites Potsdam Terms.
That is dealt with in Chapter
II, which ratifies the provisions
of the Potsdam Declaration.
The Potsdam Declaration was
the only means by which Japan
was restricted to her four main
islands and several minor islands,
he said. ~
Mr.. Dulles said that any dis
pute. about this could be referred
to the international Court of
Justice.
He said Japan had to be given
peace on the Potsdam terms or
be denied peace while the Allies
argued on what Japan would have
to give up. The wise thing, he
observed, was to go ahead now
on what Japan would have to give
up.
He referred to the Ryukyu
Islands (Okinawa) which are un-
der the control of the United
States. He said some people
thought these islands should be
renounced to the United States,
while others thought they should
be restored to Japan.
Mr.. Dulles referred to the U. N.
Charter, which makes provision
for the mandate of territory taken