Evening star., 1951-06-05


siderable detail how this shoulc
be done. In regard to these three
agreements which / shall describe
Gen. Marshall Had a part only II
lone. and that was in the first one
Marshall Played
Prominent Role
The first agreement was for thu
cessation of hostilities. It pro-
lvided that all fighting shoulc
cease, and it provided for tn,
setting up of an executive head.
quarters in which there would bt
American Craftsmanship and Ma.
tionalist and Communist repre-.
ISentation, the purpose of this ex.
lecutive headquarters being tt
bring the fighting to an end, ant
these triplartite teams were Sc
up which went to every area wher,
there was any clashing between
the troops. and together they
brought that fighting to an enc
land tried to have that truce de.
velop into a more substantial
truce.
Gen. Marshall played a very
considerable part in working thil
out. The executive headouarter,
was the really great instrumental.
ity which set up and worked very
well until the two. parties fel
apart-then nothing worked.
The second agreement was al
agreement for governmental re-
organization and for constitu.
t1onal government, and the thirc
agreement was for a military re.
Organization and the integratior
OF the Communist forces into tn,
national government. :.
The second agreement for work.
ing out a constitutional govern.
ment recognized the preponderant
strength Of the Kuomintang posi-.
ton in the national government
1t provided that there, was to be
an interim state council, sort OF
a provisional government, which
would govern until the new con.
stitution was established and elec-
tlons were held throughout China
and a constitutional government
was set up in which all the people
OF China would have their repre-
isentatives and which would func.
ton on a two-party or multiparty
system.
KuOmintang Got Majority.
The interim state council was
to function in this interim period
as the supreme organ Of the state
The Kuomintang Party was given
20 OF the 40 seats in this national
council. The other 20 seats were
distributed among the Commu-
nlsts and the other parties and
to some non-party people. 1t was
provided that Generalissimo
Chang Kai-shek. as the President
Iof China, should select all the
members of the council, that is
he would select those from hi:
Iown party and those from all the
other parties. However, he would
have to appoint a certain number
from these other minority parties
That would leave him with &c
people whom he had selected
from his own party, with &c
people whom he had selected from
the other parties, including the
Communists. and it would also
leave him with a veto over any
faction of this council which coulo
only be overridden by a three.
lflfths vote, which could not be
done if his own party stayed with
him.
Now. that, I say, was the tenn
porary government. That was te
continue until the constitution
was to be agreed upon on May 4th
through the National Assembly
May 4th. 1946, and it was hoped
that at an early date, some time
in '46 or Al, I believe it was
there could be an election, and
they would then set up a regular
constitutional government with
Legislative, judicial and executive
branches in which all parts OF
China would be represented, So
that this country would have a
government extending over all OF
the area.
The third agreement had to dc
with the amalgamation of the
forces, and that was the most
important one. It provided that
there should be a great reduction
In forces on both sides because
China could not support the tre-
Imendous military establishment
which existed on the Nationalist
side and on the Communist side
together.
Army Set at go Divisions.
The army was to consist of sc
divisions. OF those so divisions
so were to be Nationalist govern
ment divisions and 10 we're to be
Communist divisions. These divi-
sions We're to be groups together
in armies, armies which would
contain three divisions or what
ever the Chinese military order OF
battle is. There would be several
divisions in each army.
The divisions were to be sta
toned in certain numerical
strengths in various parts OF
China.
The important thing here about
the agreement, as we look back
on it. was that so far as Manchu-
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