davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1951-03-03
knsEnie Jones
Returns To Air

Sports Editor Jimmie N.
Jones returns to the airwaves
Sunday at 10 am. with his
"Sports Review" Sponsored
for the third year by The Day
ton Daily Express, he will be
heard over radio station WHO
from 1O-1O:3O am. every Sum
day throughout the major
league baseball season.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

In italy, as the important 1915
national elections neared, the
Pope's references to- communism
became more frequent and more
pointed. Finally, on Easter Day
he reminded Catholics of theil
duty to vote and of what he de-
scribed as Christ's "terribleg ver-
dict" "He who is not with Me il
against Me-"
Dogma Proclaimed
The defeat of the Communist
led popular front was hailed by
the Pope as "quickening the con.
fidence of all Europe and the
whole world"
In his many speeches to rep.
resentatives of governments ano
groups from all walks of life the
pontiff, more and more, urged so.
cial reforms as a necessary mean.
of turning aside the threat Of
communism.
At Holy Years midway mark
the Pope clearly referring to
atomic weapons. said that "mur-
derous. inhuman weapons have
been developed that could destroy
almost all the good that mans in
genuity has produced. On De-
cember 6. after -f1edged wal
had broken out in Korea, he called
upon Catholics everywhere to pray
for peace.
The Holy Year. meanwhile, had
progressed to its most important
ceremony-the announcement, on
November !, Of the dogma of the
assumption into heaven, body and
soul, of the Virgin Mary. 1t was
the first time that q dogma was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

was mot a prince or minister
thought about it three times be-
fore requesting an audience"
The Holy Year brought to a
fine focus all the problems of a
pontificate that has been one Of
the most arduous in the churchs
history.
On the day it began, March 2
1889, war clouds Swallowed the
world. The Pope's first formal
words after his election were an
appeal for peace. AS the clouds
thickened, on August "a. 1889, the
Pope urged the rulers of the world
to arbitrate. Nothing" he said
"is lost with peace; all may be
lost with war"
When war came the Pope turned
his attention to alleviating the
suffering of it's victims. He
organized relief and an informa-
ton service for prisoners of war
At wars end the Pope. in the
consistory Of February. 1916, Gre
ated 80 cardinals-the largest
number in history. Their selec-
ton from all six continents en-
phasized the Catholic church's
universally. And gave its 428 mil
lion members more equal rep
resentation in the church's SEN
ate. For the first time in five
centuries the Italian cardinals
were a minority.
Meanwhile, the fight grew be-
tween the church and Materials
tic communism. The end of war
leaving SO million Catholics under
Communist influence, empha-
sized it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

ling. And the more we give the
world the impression that we are
confining our efforts mainly to
Western Europe and the more we
say that Americas security will be
in a desperate plight if we do not
put all our eggs in the Western
European basket. the more the
Middle East will lean toward full
co-opcration with the U. S. S. r.
The Arab countries, which have
even larger quantities of oil
Saudi Arabia and Iraq-are in
stinctively friendly to us. But
they are completely powerless to
meet a Russian aggression. once
the U. S. S. r. has established itself
by a friendly agreement in Iran
Both of these oil-rich countries
have armies which can be de-
scribed best as military police
They are even less prepared to
cope with a Communist agrees
sion than the South Koreans were
last summer.
Rich Prizes
But neither we nor the British
have the necessary strength at
this time to help them effectively
Our limited available ground
forces are ear-marked for Western
Europe. The British are no better
off. Air and naval power cannot
stop the Russians in the Middle
East.
We may be able to pin-prick
the Russians with our air force
from land bases in Africa or from
carriers. But on the admission OF
Admiral Sherman, the Chief OF
Naval Operations. and Gen. Van
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

States still Observation-Disclosures
above all industrial competitors.
The latest information from be-
hind the iron curtain is a sel'ic
of calculations resulting in what
lis described as reliable though
rough production figures" These
are based on official Soviet esti-
mates of percentage gains over
l194O for industrial output irf the
first 10 months of 1850. with
projections to cover the full year
Here is how they compare with
reports from industries in the
United States:
This country holds productive
advantage of seven-to-one in
crude OIL. three-to-one in steel
nearly two-to-one in coal, four-to-
one in electric power. three-to-two
in rail transport.
In terms of tons, barrels, kilo-
watts and ton-miles. this is the
lineup for 1850:
Steel-United States produced
96.7 million tons of ingots from
which 72.5 million tons of rolled
products were derived, against the
Soviet's 29.7 million ingots and
22.5 million rolled steel.
Crude Oil-United States, 1878
million barrels domestic output
against Soviet's 277 million bar
rels.
Coal-United States. SOC mil
lion tons bituminous and AZ mil
lion tons anthracite. The Soviet
total was listed as 200 million
tons.
Electric power-United States
1856 billion kilowatts against So
viet's 80 billion.
How Was 1t Used?
Rail transport-United States
! 593 billion ton-miles against So
viet's $50 billion. CA ton-mile is
the movement of l ton a distance
of mile). These, of course, do
not reflect total freight figures;
railroads in this country probably
accounted for only a little more
than 60 per cent of intercity haul
ing. The rest was by highway,
waterway. pipeline or air, for
which no Soviet estimates are
available.
In the conflict between West
ern nations and communism,
however, mere production figures
don't tell the story.
The important question. if you
seek comparison of potential
military-economic strength, is:
What use was made of these prod
ucts of basic industry?
| OF this, the Soviet spokesman
have been silent. Even on our
side Of the curtain statistics are
not too definite.
One fact is undisputed: The
Russians have not attempted to
match the volume of our output OF
such articles as passenger automo-
biles, television sets and a variety
Of household appliances.
Some analysts here estimate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

the most vital spots which con-
Germ the Western defense plan
ners. since they contain vast re.
sources OF oil.
Russia cannot hope to fight o
successful war against the West
without adequate oil supplies. She
has important oil resources in the
Baku area, at Grozny in the eau
lcasus, in the Ploesti region of Ro-
mania and some additional sup
piles along the Volga, in Poland
and in Austria. But considering
the great requirements of modern
weapons. tanks. trucks, planes and
ships, the available quantities arc
nowhere near large enough to wage
a long war. Hence, the U. S. S. r
must obtain the oil resources of the
Middle East.
The extremely mild and cour-
teous attitude of Stain himself
toward Iran, coupled with our owr
indifferent attitude toward that
country. appears to give the Rus
slams the advantage in that oil
rich area. Nobody in Washington
or in London will be surprised to
hear that the Teheran govern
ment has decided to nationalize
the oil fields by paying off the
stockholders of the Anglo-Persiar
Oil Co.. and later to hear that
the new commercial agreement
between Russia and Iran gives the
U. S. S. r. practical control over
that important source of strategic
materials
This. has not been accomplished
yet, but appears to be in the max
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

denberg, the Air Force Chief oil
Staff. naval and air power alone
cannot succeed against an aggres-
sion by land forces, supported by
an air umbrella.
Arabia and Iran are, in the
opinion Of most military men, fan
richer prizes for the Russians at
this time than Western Europe
because of their unlimited oil re-
sources. Much emphasis has been
placed on the danger to us il
Russia were to take over the
Western European industries and
its skilled workers. But these. in
a moment of tragic necessity
could be reduced to impotence by
the air force.
This Is not the case with the oil
supplies. Oil wells can be de-
stroyed by air bombardment. but
this would be only a temporary
condition, since they can be drilled
in other parts of the vast oil
fields.
The defense Of that area. say
our military in off-the-record con-
versations, can be assured by the
acceptance Of all Mediterranean
nations into the coalition as full
partners.
But whatever means for the
protection of the "oil nations
may be. it is essential that we not
overlook the fact that Russia has
a keen eye on the Middle East,
where it can find the oil for a long
war and also can deny us the
same advantage with little effort
at this time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

lO1l age via
ate to deny Smith his seat for
the term to which he had been
elected-taken year later-was
even more decisive. His seat was
declared vacant by a vote Of 81
to %.
Ware was denied the right to
take the oath of Office when he
appeared in the Senate, also in
December, 1927. He suffered a
paralytic stroke, which delayed
final disposition of his case, since
he demanded the right to be heard
in his own defense on the Senate
floor. He was denied his seat by
q vote of SO to %.
Bilbo's Case
At the time OF the Smith and
Ware cases, the political makeup
of the Senate was 48 Republicans
Gncluding Smith and Vare), At
Democrats and l Farmer-Laborite
Former Senator Tydings entered
the Senate to begin his first term
at that time, March 4, 1927. AS
indicated by the votes taken. a
considerable number of Republi-
can Senators united with Demo-
Gratis to deny seats to Smith and
Ware.
In a more recent case, the late
Senator Bilbo, Democrat, of Mis-
sissippi was challenged on the
ground he had stirred up whites
in his State to commit acts of
violence and intimidation against
Negro voters, and also on the
ground that he had received
checks amounting to $33.750 from
war contractors in 1912. Bilbo
had been reelected in 1916. When
Bilbo presented himself to be
sworn in in January, 1947, Sena-
tor Taylor, Democrat, of Idaho
offered a resolution denying Bilbo
the oath while an investigation of
the charges against him were be-
ing investigated. Senator Over
ton, Democrat, of Louisiana coun-
tered with a resolution to permit
Bilbo to take the oath. Repub-
1icans, who controlled the Senate
in the Both Congress, opposed the
Overton resolution. The Louisiana
Senator began filibustering
speech which would have delayed
the organization of the Senate.
The upshot was an agreement that
Bilbo should stand aside and &C
ton by the Senate should be de-
ferred until the Mississippi Sena-
tor had sufficiently recovered from
an operation to be able to speak
In the Senate in his own defense.
He never did recover sufficiently.
One of the recent contested
cases in the Senate was that of
Senator O'Conor of Maryland, a
Democrat. O'Conor won the cleo
ton by only 1882 votes. His Re-
publican opponent, D. John
Marley. demanded a recount and
brought contest. Senator
O'Conor was nevertheless seated.
The investigating committee even
tually-after many 'months-re-
ported In favor of O'Conor and he
retained his seat.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Pope of Peace Follows an Arduous Schedule

proclaimed In st. Peters Square
and the first In nearly 100 year!
proclaimed by a pontiff. Six hun.
dred bishops from all parts of the
world attended. The throng-big.
gest in the history of chris
tianity-was estimated by some
at 100000 people.
Two especially important docu-
ments were issued during the Holy
Year by the pontiff, from which
he said, he expected fruitful" re-
suits.
The first. an encyclical pub
lished August 81, restated the
church's attitude on many current
questions. The other document
an exhortstion to the church'i
clergy published September as
urged priests especially to turn
their efforts toward the needy, the
poor and social reform.
Pleaded for Understanding
In one Of his few direct refer
ences to communism, the Pope
told the clergy there must be nc
uncertainty" in the fight against
it. The first time he ever men
toned it by name in his public
addresses was September 4. 1919
shortly after the church had de-
creed accommodation, its an
cient potent weapon, against
atheistic and materialistic Com
munists. Speaking by radio to
the people of Germany the Pope
said that communication had
been decreed to save the world
from 'Marxism."
The Pope's exhortation to the
clergy. however. also warned then
against the damaging conse.
|quences" of capitalism.
Holy Year saw the final rupture
of diplomatic relations between
the Vatican and Moscow domi.
mated countries. The church's las
diplomatic representative to ar
iron curtain country. Archbishop
Gerald Patrick O'Hara of Savan.
nah. Ga. was expelled from
Romania in July. Three month!
earlier, Czechoslovakia's charge tt
the Vatican closed the door of hi.
|country's ministry and left with.
out notifying the Vatican.
In his last Christmas message
the pontiff again turned hi.
thoughts to the oppressive state
Of the world.
Never" he said, "has the his.
tory Of mankind known dissensior
of greater magnitude; 1t reaches
to the very ends Of the earth. ;.
Break down the barbwire fences
Let each people" he urged, "be
free to know the life Of othel
peoples"
He pleaded for understanding
between the East and West, say.
ing that both must contribute tt
the common heritage" of man.
Today, as he nears the 18th yeal
of his pontificate-a lucky num-
Der in Italy-the Catholic church
in the Communist-dominated East
is more assailed than ever. In.
dicative of the struggle between
1t and communism are two words
in the 1851 pontifical annual after
the name of Hungary's Josef Car
dinal Mindszenty. They are: I'm
Jail"
distributed By the Associated Press.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Proposes Service Limit
| Buffers Case
| Is Different

Continued From Page C-1.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25

kept solvent by universal military
training of youth for an indefinite
time in the future.
Both in bill approved by the
Senate Armed Services Committee
and in one under study by its
counterpart in the House, this
long-term goal has hit only slight
opposition. Instead, most debate
has ragged around draft expansion
the issues of age, length of serv-
ice and eligibility-in order to
reach a force of 3,460,000 men
by next June 80.
Manpower Pool Needed
Defense Secretary Marshall
cited the lack of an adequate pool
OF trained civilian-soldiers as
mainly responsible for the difficult
ties of getting suitable troops for
Korea. Not until March, he tes-
titled, will the American forces
needed by Gen. Macarthur be up
to strength. And not until June
will well-trained draftees begin to
be available in stable numbers.
The Senate Preparedness Sub
committee, in report on its
draft bill, said that Reserve and
National Guard forces whose men,
bers have not had military train
ing actually are harmful . an
illusion of strength. Our present
hit-and-miss SYSTEM" the report
declared, under which completely
unframed men join the Reserves,
results in the. impossible situation
wherein the only members Of the
Reserve who have had any real
istic training are the veterans OF
the last war"
IF the events which followed
Pearl Harbor," it added. land more
recently. Korea, have left any
doubt as to the necessity for hav-
ing a system of military training
for our young men, the subcom-
mittee finds itself somewhat at a
loss to provide further evidence
of a need for such a system" =
AS the first step in its pre-
paredness" buildup. the bill which
will reach the Senate floor this
week would force all future
draftees. and men who enlist in
any serve as well, TO serve. in q
reserve unit for eight years
minus their periods of active duty.
Men indicted now for 81 months
active duty have a reserve "obli-
cation" of five years, a total OF
six years and nine months.
Proposes Service Limit
A bill introduced by Chairman
Vinson of the House Armed
Services Committee generally goes
along with the Senate measure.
In addition. Mr.. Vinson told the
Pentagon that by March / he
wanted to see an outline of how
the future Reserve will operate.
Strongly urging the Reserve
buildup, Gen. Marshall also asked
Congress for authority to draft a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
THE SUNDAY STAR, Washington, D. c.
FEBRUARY IS, 1851
u. S. Outproduces Russia,
But There's Another AnoIe
Figures Fail to Show What Use Two Nations
Make of Steel and Other Busic Products
BY T. Z. Apologize

YoRKCan the Russians catch with the United States
gigantic industrial machine?
the world at the moment after
peng plan. And they about to start
fifth details of which feye not been spelled out.
the United
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
By Fronk Brutto

ROME-Pope Plus XII. who
celebrates on March 2 his 18th
birthday and the 18th anniversary
of his pontlficate as the Pope OF
Peace" has established many
records.
But the one for which the
Modern Pope" and the Pope OF
the Assumption" may be most
remembered years hence is this:
He met more people than any
pontiff thus far In the nearly 2,000
years Of the Roman Catholic
church.
Pope Plus XII has met millions
rulers and masses-in private
and special audiences and In the
greatest general audiences ever
held by pontifi. They came from
the near and far places Of the
earth-black and white, red,
yellow and brown.
AS the human tide surged
around him again and again
reaching an all-time high mark
in the 1850 Holy Year, the tall
frail pontiff made it clear that
the encounter" as it is called
was one he sought as eagerly as
those who sought to see him.
Nearly all the 4 million Holy
Year pilgrims who came to Rome
last year were received in general
special or private audiences. Sew
eral times st. Peters Basilica, the
worlds biggest church, was unable
to hold the throngs and the Pope
carried on his portable throne
passed through the square to bless
them.
Wide Range of Topics
Inside the Basilica, twice weekly
in general audiences throughout
the jubilee, he carefully called the
home city and town of each OF
hundreds of pilgrim groups and
then addressed them. usually In
six languages-English, Italian
French, German, Spanish and
Portuguese.
But even these great audiences
were not enough. During August
and September at his Castel Can
dolfo summer residence an i'm
promptu audience developed into
regular flve-day weekly event.
Sometimes the pontiff appeared
as much as three times daily on
the little Castel Gandolfos balcony
and it was here that his uncom-
mon touch with the common man
was most humanity shown.
Excuse me-" he said one day,
''if made you wait a little"
The throng below, hearing the
use of the familiar first person
singular instead of the formal
I'VE" were astonished and silent
But a moment later, the. Pope
established easy communication
and questions and answers sailed
back and forth.
During the Holy Year, it is esti-
mated that the pontif gave about
$500 hours to more than 5000
audiences of all kinds and spoke
to them on subjects that ranged
from philosophy to tobacco.
It was not always thus. Until
only few years ago. said one
writer on the Vatican, he who
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Bosic Agreement Is Seen
On Universal 7 roininq
Draft Law Differences Do Not Extend
To Long Term Preparedness Issue
By George Beveridqe

The current many OF the criticized pocesof
modifying armed forces the crisis apparently
paving universal military training
differences about draft committees
sides Capitol Hill be standing together
belief Nations be rvamped later
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1951-02-25
Responding to Pressure

{
In the face of a maze of testi-
mony from educational, labor, vet
Grams and other groups, the Cap
itol Hill proposals reflect definite
steps to gain support.
Control of the UNIT program
by a civilian commission, for ex-
ample, was strong demand of
the American Legion. Labor
groups asked that servicemen's re-
employment rights be extended
and the bills would grant these
rights for four years instead of
three. The Pentagon's proposal
that physical rehabilitation pro-
gram be set up for youths with
minor ills was junked after op-
position by the American Medical
Association. Non veteran Ma
tional Guardsmen would be made
exempt from the draft, in answer
to a plea from the National Guard
Association. Numerous witnesses
urged that 18-year-old draftees be
banned from overseas service.
While many of these provisions
face weeks, and possibly months
of additional debate. they lay the
groundwork for fulfillment of the
Defense Departments dual-pur-
pose program: To bring an
immediate. rapid manpower build
up, and to provide a strong man
power base for future expansion
Not the least beneficial point
the Senate Preparedness subcom-
mittee report argued, is that it no
longer would be necessary for
Congress to rush through piece
meal" legislation to meet sudden
emergencies.
I'm the event of full emer-
gency," it added, "the only amend
ment necessary to achieve full
manpower mobilization would be
to authorize the drafting of vet
Grams and to raise the induction
age"
Smyrna times., 1951-01-04
Mr.. w. ]. Carrow, of Newark,
N. J., spent several days with his
mother the past week.
Your New Social Security Queries
Answered

Your New Social Security Queries
Answered
Questions relating to Federal
Old-Age and Survivors Insurance
will be answered in this paper or
by mail, address all queries to So
cial Security Administration, Gus
tom House, 9th and King Sts., Will
mington, Delaware.
Q. How can State and local
government employees have social
security coverage
A. If the State enters into an
agreement with the Federal Gov
ernment to accept coverage for
any one of more groups of State
employees, or employees of polite
al subdivision of the State.
@. Would all employees of these
groups then have social security
coverage
A. Ali employees of the groups
specified in the agreement, except
those employees in any of the
groups who were covered by
State or local retirement system ir
effect at the time of the State
Federal agreement.
Smyrna times., 1951-01-04

menu but there may be occasions
on which you'll want to vary the
stuffing of the bird.
May we take the liberty to re-
peat that bird should be baked
the day it is stuffed. Never hold a
stuffed, unbaked fowl for any
length of time.
The American Institute of Bak-
ing has sent us some attractive re-
cipes for varying the filling for
fowl. You may want to clip these
recipes for your index file and then
try your skill when the next occa-
sion comes along.
Apricot Bread Stuffing for Duck
5 tablespoons melted shortening,
cups one-half inch bread cubes,
IL cups chopped, cooked apricots,
two-thirds cup seedless raisens,
washed; one and one-quarter tea
spoons salt, one-half teaspoon
chopped parsley.
| Combine shortening, bread cubes,
apricots, washed raisins, salt and
parsley. Yield: 5 and one-half cups
Apricot Bread Stuffing. Sufficient
for 5 and one-half pound duck.
Orange Bread Stuffing for Goose
One gallon soft bread crumbs, 8
cups orange sections and juice, l
teaspoon salt, one-half teaspoon
celery salt, one-fourth cup melted
butter.
Combine soft bread crumbs,
oranges, salt, celery salt and but
ter. Yield: 1 gallon Orange Bread
Stuffing. Sufficient for 16 pound
goose.
Cranberry Bread Stuffing for Goose
One quart fresh cranberries, ]
cup sugar, one-third cup butter OF
margarine, 1 cup chopped celery
1 gallon one-half inch bread cubes
2 teaspoons salt, one-half teaspoon
sage or barjoram, 1 cup milk OF
bouillon.
Chop cranberries and add sugar
lMelt butter in a skillet; add celery
a,,d so,,ta until tender Combine
cranberry and sugar mixture, eel
cry, bread cubes, salt, sage anc
milk. Yield: 2 and one-half quart:
Cranberry Bread Stuffing. Suffici
ent for 10 pound goose.
Walnut Bread StIffing for CHECKER
One-fourth cup butter or short
ening, two-thirds cup chopped eel