davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-03-18
By Jack Riley

Frank Porter Graham. former
president of the University of
North Carolina and scrappy ex-
Senator. is going back to Wash
ington in the role of peacemaker.
His Job is to bring peace be-
tween Defense Mobilizer Charles
E. Wilson and the labor unions,
whose spokesmen stalked out Of
their mobilization advisory posi-
tions in a huff.
Labor Secretary Tobin calls the
job defense manpower admins
traitor for the Labor Department,
but the duties and authority of
that Office still must be clarified.
|Dr. Graham took a title from
Robert c. Goodwin. who also
headed the Bureau Of Economic
Security. and apparently he will
deal largely through DR.. Arthur S.
Flemming, who Is Mr.. Wilson'S all
over director of defense manpower
problems. At the same time. he
may have a voice in policy making.
His friendly, liberal view toward
labor has won the confidence Of
unions, who prefer him in Mr..
Flemming's post. At the same
time, he may be the logical choice
to placate Mr.. Wilson. Labor
learned in the Captive mines
case that it can't push DR.. Gra-
ham around. When John L.
Lewis demanded that all miners
join his UNIV. DR.. Graham said
"No." Such would deprive the
minority of miners Of their right
to work as they wished, he ruled.
Should the impasse between the
defense mobilizer and labor con-
tinue, friends say the Presidents S
warm regard for DR.. Graham as
sures him an audience at the
White House. Some even predict
that should Wilson and labor lock
horns completely, DR.. Graham will
still be around after Mr.. Wilson
is gone.
Some observers, alarmed at the
precarious balance of national
security along the hairline where
labor and management meet,
hailed DR.. Graham as peace
maker. One called 1t the toughest
task of his life.
Evening star., 1951-03-18
Morison's Brave Wutchword: Peace

tine situation was embarrassing
Anglo-American relations, Nor
rison was nominated by the exec
utive to reply to a motion criti-
cizing the government. His tactful
and constructive speech was the
starting point of a new orienta-
tion in policy. and helped con-
siderably to bring about the
present good relations between
Israel and Britain.
Morrison is not unknown In
America. Before the war he had
been given a civic reception at
the New York City Hall by Mayor
La Guardia: the American Fed
Grafton Of Labor had welcomed
him with enthusiasm.
Natural Friend of u. S.
In 1945 Morrison went on q
special mission to the United
States to get wheat, not only fol-
Britain but also for India and
Germany. He was successful in
his mission. But more important
was the first-hand knowledge that
he obtained Of the United States
administration and their first
hand assessment of him.
Morrison is q natural friend OF
America, without indulging in
extravaganza and exaggeration
He will speak frankly to the
Americans; and that, of course, is
what they like. He will also speak
proudly, without the humility
which has crept over many ir
Western Europe since 1945. Nor
rison is proud Of Britain. When
he juts his chin out in debate al
those who denigrate Britain, he is
really exemplifying the "othel
half" of Britain, which is the
counterpart of Churchill's virtues
Peace" will be Morrison's
them as Foreign Secretary. HI
long ago turned his back on hi
1914-1918 pacifism. He played 6
distinguished and active part ir
World War II. But he will try
to recapture from the Russian.
the word peace" which they hav,
put into inverted commas. Nor.
rison faces his new job with thu
brave watchword. "A century o.
peace"
! (Copyright. London Observer Foreisn New
service.)
Evening star., 1951-03-18
By Maurice EdeImon

(Mr. EdeImon Is Labor member Of PorIio-
ment ond ovthor Of biography Of Herbert
Morrison, Britoins new Foreign Sserst1ry.)
LONDON.-When Herbert Nor
rison made his trial run In for
eign affairs as leader of the Brit
ish delegation to Strasbourg in
1949, the ex-ministers who formed
the larger part of the continental
delegations looked at him with
some reserve. How different. it
seemed to them, was this Socialist
son of a London policeman from
the. Tory Churchill, the great
descendant Of the great Marl-
borough.
But it wasn't long before they
recognized certain similarities be-
tween the two men. It wasn't
merely that both Of them spoke
a very personal, Anglicized and
somewhat restricted French
though of the two. Morrison was
more shy in his attack. Nor
was 1t that the two men, despite
their wrangles on other matters
were agreed as to the type of par
liamentary procedure which the
Strasbourg Assembly should follow
Any procedure would do, they
magnanimously stated, provided il
was British.
IA Good Listener
What struck the foreign dele
gates most forcibly was Church
ills final avowal. after a vigorous
onslaught on the Labor govern.
ment, that he was In genera.
agreement with Morrison's EN-.
pirical approach to the question o1
European unity. This empiricisn
is, indeed, the most valuable quail.
ity which Herbert Morrison brings
to the Foreign Office-a typically
British quality which, at one ex'
treme, may degenerate into ar
undue caution, and at the othel
extreme into an unprincipled op'
portunism. But Morrison has al
ways been a middle of the-roae
man. and his practical approach
c'Let's see how it goes!" is on,
Of his favorite slogans) is alway'
related to his fundamental prin'
cipleS.
He is, above all, a democratic
Socialist. Within the London La
Evening star., 1951-03-18

lantic pact nations preparations
for defense against aggression.
He will be able to cite facts and
figures on Frances present rearm-
|ament effort and her capabilities
for the long-range future. He will
be able to state Frances deep de-
votion to the cause of the Western
Allies and her determination to
stand four-square behind that
cause. He will not be able, how
ever, to make any commitments
for Frances participation, either
i'm men or materials, for that lies
in the realm of policy and belongs
strictly to the Premier.
One thing M. Auriol will be able
to discuss effectively will be the
iso-called neutralist movement in
France. which has given rise to
such fears in this country that
France not only does not want to
join Fundamentally in rearma-
ment, but actually would be dis
posed to stay out Of any conflict
between East and West. M. Auriol
almost certainly will discuss this
movement in the following terms:
There is neutralist movement
in France, but it is not a political
party with representatives in Par
lament. 1t is merely a current
of opinion. the reaction of some
intellectuals and journalists to
the realities of the international
situation.
INeutralism Declines
The neutralists Excluding ideal
ogical paciflcists) have never
said they would not take part in
defense of Western civilization
but they have expressed fears
that a conflict would break Out
before Western defense is effec-
lively organized; that the United
States will fix its main line of de-
fense outside of Europe. and that
social conflicts favorable to Com
munism would reappear as a re-
suit of the burden of economic
mobilization.
Neutralism. M. Auriol will be
able to say. is declining as the
Vests strength grows and contri-
buting to this decline have been
United Nations intervention. sup
ported by the United States. in
Korea; American military aid tc
Europe and Indo-China; econo-
mic mobilization in the United
States; Gen. Eisenhower's call fol
the defense of Europe; and new
internal security measures taker
by the French government.
Evening star., 1951-03-18


Are the projects necessary?
Are they a common sense ap-
proach to the problem of providing
appropriate Office space for Gov
ernment workers?
And if parts of the Government
are moved to the suburbs and
other parts scattered across the
Nation, can Government be car
ried on efficiently?
Distinction Drawn
One feature of the plans is easy
TO visualize-the projected tearing
down of the temporary buildings,
at least the frame ones Of World
War II, which are ugly patches
on the seat of Government.
But at that. some Government
employees would rather work in a
temporary building in Washing
ton, where they have homes and
friends, than in q marble and
granite edifice in another city.
At the outset 1t Is best to es-
tablish the distinction in terms as
they are used in the discussion Of
the rearranged Capital.
Dispersal is the term applied to
removal of agencies vital to the
continuity Of Government to new
sites about 20 miles from down.
town Washington. The plan calls
for six sites on each Of which
would be erected q permanent
building to provide Office space
for 5000 employes-30.000 en-
ployes in all. The cost is esti-
mated at $145 million.
In addition, "semifinished'
buildings would be erected on two
of the sites, providing space for
10000 more workers. Later, if
these buildings are not needed for
Offices, because they would be
built solidly enough they would
stand for years as record deposi-
tories or for general storage. If
necessity develops they could be
finished as permanent Office build
Iings. Should we go to complete
mobilization and still more Office
space be needed temporarily-it
lis hoped-additional semifinishec
buildings could be erected on the
other four sites.
Decentralization, on the othel
hand. contemplates a wider scat.
tering Of agencies and workers
1t means the removal of Govern
ment Offices to other cities or tn
building up Of present regiona
Offices by the transfer of employe
from the Capital. This moving
out Of agencies would be perma
nent and not temporary as wa
the case during the last war.
Is 1t Necessary?
Now for the first question: Are
these steps necessary as defense
measures?
A committee made up Of repre-.
Sentatives of the National Security
Resources Board. the Army, the
Navy, the Air Force. the State De.
partment, the General Services
Administration Originally the
Federal Works Agency and the
Budget Bureau studied the prob
lem and decided the projects are
necessary.
The committees work was un-
dertaken to carry out the obliga-
tions of the NSRB under the Ma
tional Security Act of 1947. That
act charged the security board
with recommending to the Presi-
dent measures necessary to assure
the continuous operation of the
Government in any time of crisis
Evening star., 1951-03-18
Will Be First
French President
To Visit America


Unanimous approval of the
French budget Of $2,114.000, 900
by mont Communist members of
the National Assembly.
Assembly approval, 401 to 1872,
of the governments foreign pol
icy as stated by M. Pleven after
his return from Washington.
Morale of the French army as
shown by its concurrence with
such measures as retention of the
1949 class in active service for
six more months, and extension OF
the period of military service to
18 months.
Heavy volunteering for service
in Korea. The Montclar battalion
which has been highly praised py
American generals for its fighting
in the field, was organized in less
than a month. Enlistments are
continuing at a high rate.
In speaking thus for the French
people, M. Auriol will be speaking
for the masses from which he
rose to the eminence Of the
French presidency.
In Politics Since 1914
President Auriol, now 66 years
old, is the son Of a baker in the
small town Of Revel in South
western France. and scion of a
family which had held its land
there since 1892. Educated both
in philosophy and law at the
University Of Toulouse, he be-
came active in the Socialist Party
and edited Socialist paper. He
founded the first newspaper union
in Southwestern France.
His political career began with
his election to the Chamber OF
Deputies from his native Depart
ment of Haut-Garonne in 1914
His campaign, made on a bicycle
won him the support of the Cath
olics in spite of his Socialist af-
filiations.
In Parliament he specialized in
political economy and finance and
as chairman of the Finance Com
mittee of the Chamber of Depu-
ties he came to Washington n
1925 with the Franco-Americar
Commission on War Debts. He
was Finance Minister three times
and came to Washington again
in 1886 for negotiation of ar
agreement against currency ma.
nipulation as a method of trade
competition.
Imprisoned for Loyalty
When France fell in July. 1910
M. Auriol was one of the 80 dep.
uties who voted against giving
Marshal Petain dictatorial powers
AS result of this loyalty to tht
republic he was imprisoned unit
April. 1941, when he was allowed
to return home under surveillance
He worked actively in the re
SiStance at his home in Muret un
til the Germans occupied South
ern France in 1912, when he f1et
to the mountains of Aveyron
where he worked with Gen. Jear
de Lattre de Tassigny. now tn,
commander Of French forces IL
Indo-C China.
He escaped to London in tht
autumn of 1943 in British
bomber which landed on a secre
airstrip near Macon and removed
a group of resistance leaders Il
London, where M. Auriol imme.
diately Joined Gen. Charles d.
Gaulle.
1 M. Auriol was a minister o.
state in Gen. de Gaulle's provi.
sional government and presidcc
over both of the constituent as.
semblies which produced the pres
ent constitution. His tireless worl
as a conciliator did much tt
reconcile the conflicting view.
points in those assemblies. TIL,
first Parliament under the Fourth
Republic elected him President o,
January 16, 1947, for a seven-yeal
term.
Evening star., 1951-03-18

cratic cause. Even If our hands
were entirely clean. we could not
afford to step in and insist upon a
total overhauling of colonial ma
chinery. Nor have we an ade-
quate substitute for it. The most
and the least that we could do, ap-
parently, is to bring compelling
pressure to mitigate some of the
worst features of that system,
pending the leisure and the cap
Iital to bring about basic and long
overdue reforms.
The Easy.Going Type
Our almost total neglect of the
larger implications of the situa-
ton in the Moslem world is large
ly due to our Difference to our
Western Allies. We have refrained
from insisting that they bring
wages in their oil lease lands in
the Middle East up to at least the
level paid by American firms. We
have also been slow to compel ma
tive governments there to dis
tribute more generously the ben
eflts from the huge royalties
which America has paid out there
The result has been a highly dan
gerous unrest on the economic
level. With this has gone religious
hostility because we have almost
invariably sided against the Mos
lens politically in recent years
OF course, the very idea of open
ly admitting that we should put
pressure on other nations in So
called internal matters is abhor-
rent to America. For a third OF a
century we have been carefully
schooled in the art of modestly
bestowing funds overseas. neither
expecting repayment nor de-
manding the right to check up on
the use of those funds. Even
when they have gone for purposes
totally alien to our ideals (such
as socialistic experiments or to
maintain undemocratic regimes in
the far corners of the earth) we
have adopted at the most only an
aloof attitude.
Evening star., 1951-03-18
Centralized Strategy Vital
To Success of Allied Cause
Matter of Who Will Do 'Quorterbockine
In Case of Showdown Is Still Undecided
By Rondolph Leigh

Increasing national rivalry for top commands Europe obes
the to make strategy
conflict in which for the first time have margin
1918 and 195 could absorb mistakes
dploying and supplies today with World
already at hand the economic level per cent
Evening star., 1951-03-18
Are We Tough Enough?

Perhaps the greatest handicap
which we will have to overcome
if we are to arrive at an eftec-
tive world strategy is that we
have given too much attention
to the woes of the softer and more
effete nations-our own kin and
kind, and have nearly forgotten
how numerous and tough certain,
as yet uncommitted, peoples on
the other side of the earth are,
people who are still potentially
on Our side. In our horror at
realizing that the whole genteel
tradition is at bay, we have given
inadequate thought to the larger
problem of communism as world
menace SO vast that it can only
be halted by a worldwide counter
organization, strongly. and even
ruthlessly. directed and including
the uncouth as well as "our kind.
In the face of that situation the
old quotas of prestiged representa-
ton must go out the window
Leadership will have to be boldly
assumed by the principal propo-
nent of the struggle on the Allied
side. Is America tough enough
for the role? Are the other gen.
teel lands ready to bow tempo
rarily to such leadership and to
cooperate on a basis which will
draw to our side the wilder peoples
on the basis of a common and
sincere desire for a better future
for all races of men? If not, it is
Stalins world.
Evening star., 1951-03-18
Wisdom Of Scattering U.S..
Agencies Still Questioned
Plan to Disperse or DeeentroIize Disputed
On Grounds of Efficiency and Necessity
By Froncis P. DouoIos

Between dispersal decentralization Washington facing
what may be d major change in the cys history.
Moving large segment of the Government
another large other cities bound
ference to the Capital which
changing
Importance questions
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1951-06-12
Athletic Program
For Boys Planned

A program of athletic events
and a luncheon for all partici-
pants has been planned for July
4th at the London athletic field,
it was announced today. The
events will be run off in three diff
ferent age groups, small medium
and large. The point system will be
used for each group. "A trophy will
be awarded the highest point man.
Events will include:
SO yd. dash, small boys; 100
I'D. dash, large boys; race around
Athletic Field Ton FOOT; race
around Athletic Field con bike) !;
3-legged race, so yds.
Sack race, so yds; wheelbarrow
race SO yds; baseball throwing
tdiStance); baseball hitting tdis-
tance1; football kicking (dis-
tance); football throwing (dis-
tance); broad jump (standing) /;
broad jump (running1; high
jump.
An evening feature of the pro-
gram will be ball game between
the A1nrine Angels and a top AA
team from Columbus under the
lights at the local field. Proceeds
from the game will be shared by
the City Softball League and the
Jaycees.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1951-06-12
Today's Mirror
OF Business
Ry sam Dawson

NEW YORK-tP)- Why price
wars? Bargain-happy men and
women don't care at long last
they're having their inning. Mer-
chants do care -at long last mer-
chandise is moving out of the
stores. Department store sales,
which had been creeping along
suddenly spurted in New York to
Is per cent above last year.
Price wars may be popular with
cutomers, but other merchants
have few kind words for them
Sceptics are saying that : sure
when you can ballyhoo the ira.
ditional sale" into price war,
with a lot Of free advertising, and
contagious hysteria among Gust.
omers then you really move the
stagnant goods off your shelves
But what happens when the war is
over? Where are your customers
then?
The present price-cutting spree,
complete with circus trappings,
has demonstrated two things:
l. There is still lot of un-
satisfied demand for the goods
if priced within the buyers
reach. The country isn't, as some
have held, entirely bought
as the result of two waves of
scare buying
2. There is still a lot of pur-
chasing power. It went into hiding
for time when prices jumped
SO high, and credit terms were
made SO steep, that together they
cut off lot of families at the
pockets. Lower-income bracket
customers became ex-customers
because they didn't have the cash
to pay the prices, nor to meet the
higher monthly payments.
The blow the Supreme Court
dealt state fair-trade laws is
widely held to be only an excuse
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1951-06-12

for the present price-cutting.
Newspapers were full of ads be-
fore that, as stores tried to work
off top-heavy inventories with
sales promotions by reducing their
mark-ups or goods that wouldn't
move.
Fair-trade goods whose retail
prices had been supported BY law
became the first targets in the
price wars, because the stores
hadn't been able TO advertise them
in the sales already going on. In
ventories of the fair-trade goods
had, in many cases, stayed en-
barrassingly high.
All agree now that many mer-
chants guessed wrong last sum-
mer and fall when they started
to build up inventories. They
thought consumer e-buying
would continue as long as the
goods lasted. They thought scar
cities would come sooner and
production be far less than it
turned out to be.
When production spurted, when
big prop to initiation was knock
ed out by the fedarel budgets get
ting into approximate balance, and
when consumers stopped soaring
so easily the buyers market
developed suddenly.
Merchants are doing what they
traditionally do at such times :
reduce their mark-ups. In the case
Of price wars, this will go on un-
til prices drop to the break-even
point. Then the price will be too
low to pay the stores overhead
unless these loss leaders at
tract enough traffic into the store
to move other goods on which
the profitable mark-ups are still
retained.
When the merchants cut prices
enough to lose money and when :
lliOi Z ittlPOi L1Iil itlE DiS Ill
ventories are worked down to
comfortable size, the price wars
will stop. That probably isn't too
far off.
The Federal Reserve Board
notes that for the last three
months department stores have
been buying less than they sold,
But, meanwhile, banks have been
pressing to have the old inven-
tories cut and bank loans on them
repaid.
The manufacturer who has in
vested heavily in endowing his
brand name products with pres
tige is very unhappy to see them
tossed about as loss leaders and
their value belittled in the public's
mind
The small businessman may be
the most worried of all, because
he knows that his wcll-heelcd
bigger competitor can outlast a
little fellow in price war. If it
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1951-06-12

goes OH long enough, the war
could close down some small
stores.
The present price cutting. how
ever, makes the dollar in your pay
check look bigger. It gives your
savings account a new look. It
makes initiation seem more re-
mote danger.
It also makes the American
competitive system look more vir-
lie in its feuding with controlled
economy, slip the fetters off the
law of supply and demand, and
sometimes even the consumer gets
a break.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1951-06-12
BY DIVISION OF WILDLiFE

PROBATE NoTICF-Approva1 and
settlement of Account. Account and
vouchers of the following named
person and estate have been filed
in the Probate Court of Madison
County. Ohio. for. approval and set
tlement: August Heise. Estate, No
1892. Doc. ), Page 273. Unless eN-
ceptions are filed thereto, said ac-
count viii be for hearing before
said Court on the 18th day of July.
1851. at which time said account
will be considered and continued
from day to day until finally dis
posed Of. Any person interested may
file written exceptions To said ac
count or to matters pertaining to
the execution OF the trust, not less
than five days prior to the date set
for hearing, Harvey B. Edwards,
Probate Judge.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1951-06-12
P.0. Harbage Cops
An-Around Title

FINDLAY, O.-tP-Using a
borrowed gun, Howard E. Ginger
of Findlay won the Ohio State
trapshooting championship handi-
cap Sunday.
Ginger broke SO of 100 targets
from the 18-yard line.
Raymond Vogel of Willard
Huron County, was runner-up.
Both he and Charles McWhorter
of Bexley shot 90. Vogel broke so
of SO shootoff targets to As for
McWhorter.
The all-round Ohio cham
pionship went to p. o. Har-
baae of West Jefferson mad
ison County, who scored 371
points of 400 during the tour
nament. -