davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Eisenhower Is Aware Of Pitfalls
Creation of Strong Military Entity in Western Europe
Is Almost an Obsession With NATO Chief

Eisenhower has known for some
time about the economic crisis
which Britain and France main
tain must affect their rearma-
ment plans unless they get i'm
mediate help from America. This
cry does not worry the general
particularly because he has been
told by Washington that the
new demands of our allies for
non-military assistance will be
taken care Of some way or an
other. His main concern today
Is how to get France and the
Benelux countries to accept the
German Federal Republic as an
equal partner In the Western
coalition.
This requires two steps: Cd
Agreement Of the French group
to give the Bonn regime full
sovereignty and thus induce that
government to proceed with the
mobilization of at least $50, 900
men, and (2) the creation of a
German war industry to bolster
the faltering output of the other
allies.
The French, and to a lesser
extent the British, appear ada
mant, particularly on the sec
ond point. The legalistic-
minded French say they base
their opposition on the very
pledges of the Washington ad-
ministration when the North
Atlantic treaty was being dis
cussed, when it promised that
Germany would not be per-
mitted to produce arms. This
has been publicly admitted by
Secretary of State Acheson at
hearings held by the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee on
April 27, 1949. When Senator
Henry Cabot Lodge asked
whether it was planned to bring
back the Ruhr as a source of
arms production. Mr.. Acheson
replied: mo sir, it is not. We
are very clear that the disarma-
ment or the demilitarization of
Germany must be complete and
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Constantine Brown

The creation OF a strong mill
tary entity in Western Europe,
capable Of opposing almost any
Russian drive, has become al
most an obsession with Gen.
Eisenhower. according to some
Of his close co-workers. It is
this deep conviction that has
led him. say these not entirely
unbiased friends. to give serious
consideration to the pressing
requests of a group Of poll
ticians in the United States to
have his name proposed as a
presidential candidate in 1852.
Gen. Eisenhower suspects that
one of the reasons why the
principal NATO nations have
put their rearmament machines
in low gear was the fear that
the Republicans might attempt
to elect an administration head
ed by a political man less SYM
pathetic with their problems
than the present regime. He
was convinced by his American
hackers that the mere entering
of his name in the race would
assuage the fears of the Eu-
ropean allies, and the rearma-
ment program in which he is so
keenly interested would proceed
without too many bitches.
Gen. Eisenhower, say his CO.
workers at SHAPE, is fully
aware Of the pitfalls of politi-
cal campaign and Of his own
shortcomings in national af-
fairs. But the fear that unless
he became the Republican
standard bearer the Western
European nations would lose
interest in a substantial re-
armament induced him to give
tacit approval to the plans con-
cocted by his political friends.
Whether he will be in the same
frame OF mind early next year
is another question. His non
political intimates do not pre-
sumo to guess.
Many things have happened
in the last few weeks. Gen.
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Confidence in Our InteQrity
MoGoth Gives Truman Detailed Account of How Teapot Dome
Scandal Was Handled; Would Welcome Similar Inquiry

was to appoint two special
prosecutors, Atlee Pomerene. a
Democrat, and Owen Roberts.
a Republican. Of great national
repute. These men assessed the
evidence and secured indict-
ments and trials.
The new national chairman,
Frank Mckinney. supports the
general proposition that the
administration must clean its
house dramatically and in such
a manner that the public will
have confidence in the results.
He has promised that the COM
mittee will cooperate. never
interfere to protect its own.
Democrats here describe the
President as searching ear
nestly for creative solutions to
the problem. They assert that
he realizes the seriousness of
the situation and they are cer-
tain that he will be ready with
a course Of action when he re.
turns to the White House late
this month. They describe not
the hot-tempered, impulsive
President the Capital knows so
well but a man now deeply hurt
and sensitive to the harmful
effects on his leadership for
peace.
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Tux-Abuses Probe Iona DELAYED
Congress Derect, in Watchdog Function, in Carrying Out
The Law 1t Assigned to Itself Many Years Aqo

ever the committee exhibited
any curiosity limiting at an in
vestigation, 1t Immediately ran
into pressure from fellow mem
bers of Congress and other
political influences outside the
committee. In such circum-
stances. the club spirit of one
for all and all for one usually
prevails.
This suggests that a first
requisite is to put internal reve-
nue. collectors under civil serv-
ice. That would relieve political
pressureS and clear the way for
the second requisite which is to
restore the Joint Committee on
Internal Revenue Taxation to
the job originally assigned by
Congress. itself, which is to be
a continuous watchdog on
everything connected with taxes,
with complete freedom to act.
1t can do exhaustively and care
fully. with its expert staff,
what recurring special commit
tees, such as the King subcom-
mittee, do sporadically and
often haphazardly.
It's the peoples money, this
tax money. To protect it is an
obligation that Congress has as
sumed properly, since it alone
has the power to lay taxes and
therefore is necessarily the au-
thority to see that they are
fairly imposed and fairly COL
lected. It is the public counsel
on taxes.
Evening star., 1951-12-07

a detached and impartial scru-
tiny Of Washington corruption.
even though it will mean in this
instance that the searchlight
will be turned upon his own
department.
His friends will not be sur
prised by this evidence Of his
confidence that his own integ-
rity will Withstand any test.
They had feared that. being
gentle and considerate by ma
ture, he might shrink from the
decided possibility that his
friends and close associates
would be involved.
The Attorney General, how
ever, is liberal International
ist by conviction, not for rea-
sons of political eXpediency, as
well as an honest public servant.
Apparently he is now convinced
that public confidence has been
impaired and must be restored
in the interests both Of good
government and of the admin
istration policies in which he
deeply believes.
1t is understood that the
President is considering various
plans Of action. Mr.. Coolidge's
method. blueprinted by Mr.. Nc
Grath for Mr.. Truman's study,
Evening star., 1951-12-07

absolute" Under the powerful
arguments of the military,
headed by Gen. Eisenhower.
Mr.. Acheson has now changed
his views. But the French and
their continental allies have not.
1t is a matter Of record that
Gen. Eisenhower and all the
allied military men are now
strongly urging that Germany's
manpower and industrial po-
tential be included in the West
ern defense setup. These men
consider the demand Of the
Germans-full sovereignty-a
fair price.
But Gen. Eisenhower's powers
OF persuasion have fallen this
time on deaf ears as far as the
French are concerned. To his
arguments that the situation
today is totally different from
what it was. and that with
America as a full-f1edged ally
France need not fear German
aggression any longer. the
French reply that this may be
true, as long as a friendly
American administration is in
office. But what will happen,
they ask, if a less sympathetic
regime comes to power in 1858?
The Europeans, who understand
our national affairs to a lesser
degree than we understand
theirs. believe that isolationism
such as existed in this country
before 1910 can still be revived
in America. They fail to see
that whatever isolation may be
reborn will be due to their re-
luctance to give us the Coop
Grafton we are giving them.
These arguments Of the
French and other European
politicians are known to Gen.
Eisenhower. They are being
forcefully developed by his polit.
ical friends at home, who point
out that the only way to pre-
vent the NATO from breaking
at the seams is for him to be-
come the Republican candidate
next year.
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Thomas l.. Stokes:

In It's current investigation OF
the Internal Revenue Bureau
and Justice Department, the
House Ways and Means sub
committee. headed by Repre-
sentative Cecil r. King, Demo-
crat, of California, is perform
ing a long delayed job of ex-
posing scandalous abuses and
evils in administration OF our
tax laws.
"Long-delayed" is used ad-
visedly, for the practices being
revealed have been going on
long time. That points up to the
dereliction of Congress, itself,
in a watchdog function it as
signed itself by law many years
ago and for which it equipped
itself.
It assumed that function
and duty-as the result OF
another congressional investi-
CATION of the Internal Revenue
Bureau, a very exhaustive one,
which created the same sort OF
sensation that the King sub
committee has stirred up. 1t
was back in the middle 1920s
in the Calvin Coolidge Republi-
can administration.
That inquiry was directed by
Senator James CouZens of
Michigan, Republican Of in
dependence and vigor. 1t ex-
posed, among many other things.
favorltism to big corporations
in administration and interpre-
tation of the revenue laws, in
cluding excessive and lavish
refunds.
The Couzens investigating
committee recommended that
internal revenue collectors be
placed under civil service. a
long-needed reform which Pres
ident Truman announced re-
Gently he would urge upon Con-
gress as its next session.
1t also recommended-and
Congress created in 1926-the
Joint Committee on Internal
Revenue Taxation, upon which
1t imposed the duty of watching
constantly the administration of
the tax laws and for which it
provided an expert staff. To
this committee was delegated
sweeping and all-inclusive
powers to investigate every
phase and function Of tax law
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Fletcher KnebeI:
Potomac Fever

Attorney General McGrath predicts that when the
have passed Government lawyer will be found
doing And when the storms have passed. Mcah will
the end OF limb place to ride hurricane
Internal Revenue Boss Dunlap appeals taxpayers
out correct tax returns The people they
think they're smart enough to be tax collectors
President Truman accepts the resignation of Assistant
tary OF State Dean Ruk he head the Rockefeller
tlon Well, it's fellows business slide
into the minor leagues of the gve-away programs.
Senator Bridges is doomed compromise Senate Republican
leader between the Taft and Eisenhower
after the convention the G. candidate will Bridges
behind him.
Larry Knoh Long Island friend of the oued
Mr. Caude refuses to give the House
Net worth is what the rest of when
own from what and wonder how square get
into such q hole
Evening star., 1951-12-07
4 1868 'FIoqqed as Job Holders
Left Government Service Without Having Their Names Cleared
Or Cases Determined Adversely in Loyalty Investigation
David Lowrence:

There are at least 1853 per-
sons who were employed in the
Government of the United
States between March. 1947,
and September. 1851. who now
are tagged" for any further
employment in the Government
either because of charges of
disloyalty or reasons of security.
This does not mean that such
persons, against whom a ques-
ton mark has been placed in
the records, could not enter the
Government service, for some of
them may get in other depart
ments and serve several months
before the check up of the So
called Tagging" program would
catch up with them and raise
the issue so that their eligibility
to remain could be finally de-
termined. Nor does it mean.
either, that all of them would
necessarily be declared ineligi-
BILE. But it does mean that they
left the Government without
having their names completely
cleared or their cases deter
mined adversely.
The figures are taken from
the recently issued November
Bulletin of the U. S. Civil Serv-
ice Commission. which gives
data from the start of the loyal
ty program in March, 1947, to
September of this year.
In order to understand fully
the far-reaching process by
Which loyalty and security prob
lens are examined. it is neces-
sary to point out that there have
been about 100000 persons
screened" for employment in
the Government during the pc
riod above mentioned. Out Of
this number the FBI, which did
the screening" found it neces-
sary to carry on what are called
field Investigations" in 1892
cases. The Office of Naval In
telligence and the Civil Service
Commission investigated 101.
But out of the 1892 persons
who were subjected to field in
vestigations by the FBI. there
were 1891 who resigned from
the Government during the time
Evening star., 1951-12-07

these Investigations were going
on. Also there were another
1,754 who resigned after the FBI
completed its field investigations
but before their cases were "ad-
judicated" by the various loyal
ty boards of the Government de-
partments.
Thus, combining the 1854 and
the 1891 who did not see fit to
remain until their cases were
disposed of and their names
cleared, it appears that a total
of 3,645 had question marks op-
posite their names sufficient to
bring on field investigations and
then left the Government be-
fore any final judgment could
be obtained.
In and around the US. Civil
Service Commission there is
something of a tendency in
formally to minimize the signifi-
canoe of these 3,645 resigna-
tions. the argument being Of
fered that they may have had
other reasons for leaving and
that there is a big turnover in
Government workers anyway.
Obviously in any scheme of
secrecy such as the executive
branch of the Government car
ries on so that the facts about
the truly disloyal and the per-
sons who are bad security risks
cannot be explicitly established,
it will never be known just how
many were actually running
away from the inquiry and
didn't dare to let the investiga-
tion or adjudication" be COM
pleted, and how many were
really innocent and just found
their own reasons for quitting
the Government to accept other
employment.
The FBI. which knows the
truth, is. of course. prohibited
from giving out any statistical
conclusions or differences as to
the number whose records
showed that they would be bad
security risks. The Civil Serv-
ice Commission in its bulletin
stands pat on its word "ineligi-
BILE and states only that 343
persons were dismissed from
the Government either by the
Evening star., 1951-12-07

departmental loyalty boards or
the loyalty review board.
1t has been argued that the
mere giving out of the statistics
also impairs morale, though
this is an argument hard to fol-
low because no names are used
and it is not likely that any
innocent person has his morale
impaired because the Commu-
nists or the espionage agents
of the Communists are thrown
out of the Government. Nor is
the exact number who are ac-
tually declared ineligible" any
indication of the amount of
damage to American interests
done by the disloyal or the bad
security risks. For it takes only
a Klaus Fuchs to carry atomic
secrets to an enemy power. and
the truth has never been estab-
lished, for example. as to how
much the two missing British
diplomats, who had close con-
tact with the State Department,
found out before they disap-
peared so mysteriously several
months ago. presumably behind
the Iron Curtain"
The fact remains that a 10y
alty-program operation Of a
very extensive scope Is being
carried on. 1t is helping to weed
out the disloyal and the bad
security risks and undoubtedly
it is also chasing away. before
adjudication is made. a sub
stantial number who might be
dangerous. 1t is significant
that the number who were in
the Government and who now
are tagged" against future
employment is 1853, but it is
not revealed how many Of the
3.645 who resigned either dur
ing the FBI field investigations
or before adjudication subse-
quently had the flag" removed.
There are 1909 persons whose
cases have been closed with
out flag" and it is not known
how many of these came from
the 100000 screened and how
many from the group who left
the Government before the field
investigation or before final ad-
Indication.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1951-12-07

administration - the Internal
Revenue Bureau and its army Of
collectors, any executive depart
ment, establishment or agency
charged with administration of
the tax tystem, and such other
Investigations in respect of such
system of taxes as the Joint
Committee may deem neces-
sary."
This committee was, and is,
composed of ten members, the
ranking members of each party
on the House Ways and Means
and Senate Finance Commit
tees. They are recognized party
leaders in Congress.
This committee, however, long
ago relegated itself to a routine
role, keeping its staff engaged
principally in an advisory ca
pacity to provide technical as
sistance in drafting recurring
tax bills. The staff, which is ia
miliar with what is going on in
tax administration, has been
discouraged from pursuing such
matters as are now coming to
light in the King subcommittee.
AS far back as six years ago,
forsinstance-in 1945-attention
was called from within the staff
to lax administration practices
in a number of collectors Of
fees. Singled out particularly
and specifically were some of
the very Offices where scandals
have been exposed by the King
subcommittee. Pointed to, Also.
was the part-time nature of
many collectors, with other
business on the side, that has
been emphasized in recent tes-
timony.
But the joint committee did
nothing to investigate. Ignored
also was another suggestion
that during congressional re-
cesses the staff be sent out over
the country to spot-check COL
lectors officers here and there.
Such precautions then would
have cleared up flagrant abuses
just now being shown.
Why the committee delegated
to do a continuous job has be-
come moribund can be ex-
planned partially perhaps by the
fact that internal revenue COL
lectors are political patronage
in which politicians, including
Senators, have a stake. When
Evening star., 1951-12-07
Doris FIeeson:

Attorney General ]. Howard
McGrath has handed President
Truman q detailed account Of
the manner in which President
Coolidge handled the Teapot
Dome scandal and has given his
personal assurance with it that
he would not only agree to a
similar inquiry into the current
tax disclosures but would well
come it.
The Attorney General verified
these facts Thursday in re-
sponse to a question.
IF the President sees fit to
take such a course, or any SINH
lar steps to get the whole story
and punish the guilty. I shall
welcome it," he declared. I'm
anything that he does he can be
assured Of the complete Coop
Grafton of everybody in the De-
partment of Justice"
Mr.. McGrath's attitude brings
appreciably closer action by
President Truman to erase the
spreading stains of corruption
in Government.
BY his move. the Attorney
General further stands out as
the first key figure in the Tru-
man administration to call for
Seward seaport record., 1951-10-26
kufherans To Observe Re$ermofion Day

Seward Luthcrans will com mcmorate the beginning of the Reformation in a service to be held at the church. October 31, s pm.
 October 3I is the day that Luther nailed his 95 theses to the church door at Wutenburg.
 The thes>s were statements of belief which anyone could form ulatC and then nail to the church CoOr as an invitation 10 debate. Anyone wishing 10 take the opp posite viewpoint could take down the theses and a date would then be set for the de- bate, The public was invited to attend, and often uid, croWding the assembly hall to listen to the debatcrs. Luthcr's theses dealt with the m ans of saliva ton in the Christian Church, the power of the pope, and the worth of indulgencc5 then being sold in the streets of German cities and towns.
Seward seaport record., 1951-10-26
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Seward seaport record., 1951-10-26
Seward planf Ships
 10000 Pounds Of Fish

The SS Victoria took aboard 10000 pounds of frozen fish from the private dock of Seward Fish and Cold Storage Company this week. This is the last ship ment of the season which to- tailed over a quarter million pounds.
 Other departments of the local plant have shipped an average of 6 to 8 carloads of cement per day to Anchorage and Fairbanks military construction jobs, dur ing the building season.
 The sacking plant is now in operation for paCkaging cement for local consumption. This will afford a plentiful supply of ce- ment for local Use all winter at a better price than was for merIy available, according to statement from the manage mcnt of the plant
Seward seaport record., 1951-10-26
CROCKER DIVERTED TO ANCHORAGE

At 1 pm. yesterday the Coast wise Line ship Charles Crocker was diverted from Seward to Anchorage Captain Tom Bic, Seward agent, said the last min ute change was made because of five ships already in port-onc of them standing off waiting for dock space, combined with the lack of enough longshore gangs to handle so much cargo. A total of 280 automobiles are on the Crocker for distribution in Western Alaska, including Sew ard
Seward seaport record., 1951-10-26
SPORT SHOW

The annual Sport Show, usual ly put on as a separate event. will be included in the carnival this year on a smaller scale.
 Two boxing events are of fcrcd. Pedro Denton will box Charles Barr as hcavyWeights. These boys are seniors. In the lightweight class, 9th graders Tracy McCrackcn will take on Jake Titus.
 Two junior boys, Dale Lind- sey and Johnnie Williams, will put on a wrestling match. Mar tin Teresin, a 7th grader, vol unteered to WrestIc three at once if he could pick the three He chose classmates ClcVc Shearer, Gary Cobban and Tony Mur- koWski
Seward seaport record., 1951-10-26
CITY HOOP LEAGUE WILL ORGANIZE SUNDAY

Coach Don Dalberg announces a meeting for all city league players and managers for Sun day afternoon at l:30. They will meet in the Civic Center if the Army has vacated it by that time. Otherwise the meet will be in the school gym.
 All fellows interested in play ing basketball this winter are invited to attend this meeting and practice session.
Seward seaport record., 1951-10-26
and pop will be on hand.

and pop will be on hand.
 The carnival money will pur- chase a n,W mimcograph ma chine for school use, and the surplus will be used for the pur- chase of band instruments. Both projects arc most worthwhile, so in addition 10 an evening of fun, the children will be aided in receiving a better education.