Evening star., 1951-09-09
Japanese Peace TreatyIs Signed;
Security Pact Concluded Giving
u. S. Military Rights In Islands
Russia and Two
Satellites Spurn
Part in Ceremony
By the Associated Press

by me AsSoCluIeO TFSSS
SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. g.
Japan and 48 former enemy
nations today signed a peace
treaty to formally end World War
II, but Russia and two of its
satellites rejected it.
A few hours later, Japan and
the United States affixed sigma
lures to a security pact. 1t gives
the United States the right to re-
tain armed forces in Japan after
the occupation.
Secretary of State Acheson and
Japan's, Prime Minister Shigeru
YoShida, among those signing the
peace treaty, were principal signerS
of the security pact.
The peace treaty signing cere-
mony was in the San Francisco
War Memorial Opera House. The
last to sign was Mr.. YoShida, a
tiny man in black cutaway coat
He wrote his name on the docu-
Inent at 1874 am. (2:34 pm.
EDIT. The ceremony took slightly
more than an hour.
GromykO Quits Conference.
1t was nine years, nine months
and one day after Pearl Harbor;
and six years and seven days after
the japanese surrender aboard the
battleShip Missouri,
Andrei Gromyko, Russian dele
gate to the four-day session here
quit the conference while the other
delegates were assembling for the
concluding ceremony.
Delegates from Poland and
Czechoslovakia, whose verbal at
tackS on the American-drafted
treaty had echoed the Russian
throughout the conference, also
refused to join in the ceremony
Lack of Russia'S signature to
the peace treaty leaves a state of
war still existing between Russia
and Japan. 1t also leaves Soviet
relations with Japan followed by
a big question mark.
Ceremony in PresidiO.
The security treaty gives the
United States the right to main
tain its armed forces lin and
about" Japan indefinitely.
The 14-minute signing cere-
mony. took place in San Fran
cisco's famed Presidio by the
Golden Gate and before the paired
flags of the two nations.
Mr.. Acheson, hailed the treaty
as a means Ito bulwark freedom
with military strength"
Mr.. YoShida, speaking in Eng
lish, declared this pact insures
the security of the unarmed and
defenseless Japan"
The pact is supplement to the
peace treaty. Its practical effect
is to make possible the retention
of American forces in Japan after
the peace treaty ends the present
military occupation.
Offensive Threat Barred.
The preamble to the treaty
specifies that Japan will lin
creasingly assume responsibility
for it's own defense" but will avoid
all weapons which could be ar
offensive threat"
Unlike various mutual defense
pacts entered into by the United
States in the Atlantic and Pa
cific areas in recent years, the
agreement signed today impose:
no formal commitment on the
United States for the defense ot
Japan. The pact states that ia.
pan grants" and the United States
accepts the right" to keep it!
forces Gin and about Japan" Nc
bases are specified.
The preamble in making cleal
the purposes of the arrangement
stated that Japan is in danger
because of irresponsible mill
tarism" in the world and declared
the United States presently will
ing" to keep some of its troop.
IN the japanese area.
The pact makes it possible fol
United States forces to step ir
at any time to crush a Commu-
mist uprising in Japan.
Mr.. Acheson opened the sign.
ing. He was followed by Am.
bassador John Foster Dulles, Sen.
ator Wiley, Republican, of Wis
consin and Senator Bridges, Re-
publican. of New Hampshire anc
Mr.. Yoshida.
The ceremony was held in the
enlisted mems club on a grassy
tree-lined knoll. Guests were seated
in the large main hall with three
high windows overlooking Sar
Francisco Bay.
Among tn distinguished guests
were Gov. Earl Warren of Califor.
mia; 1t. Gen. Joseph M. Swing
commander of the 9Th Army; Ad.
miral j. L. Hall, commander of the
Western Sea Frontier; 1t. Gen
John w. Leonard, commander O.
the Sd Army. and Assistant Secre.
tary of the Army Earl johnson.
The American delegation was or
one side of the stage and the Jap.
anese the other. Forming part O