davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1951-02-10
PEOPLE PLACES THINGS
BY LAWRENCE 8. COOPER

WE'RE NO COWARD - or at
least we thought we weren't I'M
til we tried to take a shower
during the cold spell we've been
having, We've been putting off
our regular sat'day shower hoping
for a warm Sat'day for our
spray. But we began to lose our
friends and was forced to brave
the terrorS of the icy HOO after
the neighbors' dogs started bark
ing at us. So with determination
and all the Spunk we could work
up we boldly Strolled into the
omnibus bathroom, stripped and
without hesitation was in the tub.
My frail excuse for body look
ed like a fryer devoid of its feth-
ers. The chilly bumps stuck out
like pines on a porcupine. For
a full hour we stood there build
ing up the great Cooper courage
to turn the shower on. A bony
arm reached out and turned the
knob; a slow trickle of water
came out the holes as we jumped
to safe corner of the tub. Easing
up to within a dangerous inch of
the trickle we put a hand under
the water and flicked a drop or
two on our Stomach-The scream
could have been heard on Bis
cayne Boulevard. We got out and
dried off vigorously, feeling re-
freshed. This morning as ! walk
ed outside, the funniest thing hap
pened. The neighbors' dogs be-
gan barking at us!
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1951-02-10
Well Known
Dressmaker Injured
In Car Accident

Mrs. Marie Harrington, $40 NV
goth ST., was knocked down by
an automobile on Wednesday
afternoon at goth st. and 9Th ct.
and critically injured. She was
taken to the Jackson Memorial
hospital where it was found that
she sustained a fractured pelvis
and her right arm was broken.
Mrs. Harrington and her two g
Ellie and Violet are
veil known dress makers.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1951-02-10
PAGE THIRTEEN

ST.. AUGUSTINE was in the
nations spotlight last week when
two inches of snow fell in this
ancient southern city. Unbeliev-
ers from all around came to see
the sight. Immediately youngsters
and oldSters built snow men and
cut capers in the glistening snow.
Heavens knows where the kids
got the sleds, but they "sledded"
and engaged in SNOWFALL fights
while others gazed in wonderment
at the white carpet which unpre-
dictable nature laid over the city.
Tallahassee, Jacksonville, Tam
pa and other north Florida cities
snowfall. Even Miami
had flurries on its outskirts which
melted before hitting the ground.
And, daddy-o, it was cold
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1951-02-10
Loyal Tigresses
To Meet

Shamrock Den No. 6, Loyal
Tigresses of the World, will hold
its next regular meeting on Mon
day, February 10 at 8 pm. at the
home of the presiding Tigress,
211 NV 18th st. The last meeting
was postponed because of incle-
ment weather. All members are
asked to attend.
Mrs. Henrietta Sweeting,
Presiding Tigress
Mrs. Emily knight, See'y
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1951-02-10
FOR SALE

ROOMING HOUSE, IO-rooms.
on large lot, with fence ali
around. Monthly income $3.50 49,
roorhing house license. Must sell
because of bad health.
Location: NV. First Place
Phone 82-16O4
Evening star., 1951-07-29
ShipIey to Head
Regular Veterans

Presidential Post, No. $50, Reg
ular Veterans Association, meet
ing at the clubroom Of Admiral
Robert E. Peary Ship, v. F. W.,
1900 New Hampshire avenue NV,
elected these officers:
Ernest M. Shipley, commander:
Richard w. Shipley. senior vice
commander; Adam D. Kramer.
junior vice commander: Edward
M. Sullivan, quartermaster; John
Sullivan. chaplain: Byron G. Car
son. judge advocate; Milton j.
Eckert, adjutant; Paul S. Wolfe,
officer of the day; Clarence Hurd,
sergeant at arms.
Also Milton Self, Walter Crib
BILE and Russell Horstman, trus-
tees; Comdr. Shipley, delegate.
and Edward Sullivan, alternate, to
the national convention at the
Hamilton Hotel August 3, 4 and S.
Future meetings will be held at
the same place on the fourth
Thursday of each month, starting
August %.
Evening star., 1951-07-29

The Police Departments grippe
is threefold. In the first place,
often the time a policeman spends
in court is his own. Many of those
there Monday had come of duty
at 8 am. At 10 they were in the
courtroom. BY noon (because the
system is to process their cases
f1rst) they were throughput
they had lost four hours during
most of which they normally
would be sleeping. And they
weren't paid for it.
Those who had finished duty at
midnight were even more unlucky.
Some went direct from court to
their precinct station to go back
on duty at 4. A few even missed
roll call.
AS for those on daytime duty,
they weren't losing out individual
ly but Chief Barrett and the de-
partment was. In one downtown
precinct, even on an average Mon
day, all of the 8 Or 10 beat men
supposed to be on the streets go
to court. For an hour or more no
one is patrolling their beats-ex-
cept scout cars and patrol wagons
that can only be kept rolling with
the precincts sergeant and COR
poral filling in as substitutes.
Tenth of the Force Off
Last Monday, a tenth of the
police force was in court. No
wonder Chief Barrett considered
it an administrative headache.
But the police chief also looks at
it from the public's standpoint.
Take the officer who has lost sleep
or precious time with his family.
He isn't compensated for that
loss, nor is he given compensatory
time off. His starting salary is a
meager $3.077. Will his morale,
let alone his physical ,alertness,
be at par?
A policeman might turn his
head the other way. if all an arrest
will bring is discomfort to himself.
Unbelievable? The major himself
suggests it. And, of course. when
he's in court, his beat isn't pro-
tected. Law enforcement must
suffer.
Judge Barse says he and his
Evening star., 1951-07-29
Dust Curse of the West Becomes Valuable Industry

who parlayed an onion farm in
the mid-'30s into a multimillion-
dollar empire of ranches. hotels
and businesses
During the war, Simplot saw
Western farms using an increas-
ing volume of phosphate fertilizer
all shipped in from the East
while beneath his feet lay more
phosphate thar the world will con-
sumo for many generations. He
concluded this was a silly state
of affairs.
He promptly rounded up some
mineral leases on the Fort Hall
Indian Reservation and backed the
construction of a million-dollar
fertilizer plant at Pocatello, Idaho.
which went into operation about
1916.
Housewives will recall that about
the same time the soap industry
began producing, in well-adver-
tised quantities, its new miracle"
cleaners and detergents. The basis
of such cleansers is PHOSPHORUS
in such tongue-twisting forms as
tri-poly- phosphate and tetra-
potassium -pyro- phosphate. And
this, as every Pocatello youngSter
knows, comes from the Idaho
phosphate beds.
Evening star., 1951-07-29
By Herbert Gordon

A century ago, pioneers head
ing West in their covered wagons,
cursed it. They called it alkah
dust. But the geologists who came
later, probing the tortured ribs
of the Rocky Mountains, knew
better. They called it phosphate.
For three-quarters\ of a CEN
tury, geologists have recognized
that one of the worlds largest
and richest phosphate beds cen
tered in the rolling mountains OF
Southeastern Idaho. And for so
years, Idahoans have dreamed OF
the fabulous industry locked up
, IN a rock they now call phosphate
shale.
Today, that industry is begin
ming to emerge from the sage
brush lands. 1t holds promise
of eventually becoming one of the
most significant industries in the
vast intermountain region - the
production of elemental phos-
phorouS.
1t took World War II to inject
life into this new industry. Prior
to that time, the phosphate min
ing industry of the nation CEN
tered in Tennessee and Florida.
Evening star., 1951-07-29

World War II emphasized the
growing need for phosphates in
fertilizers; added tremendous i'm
petus to the burgeoning chemi-
cal industry, with it's widespread
use of PHOSPHORUS, but resulted
in the approaching exhaustion OF
the Tennessee deposits.
To reduce phospatic rock to ele-
mental PHOSPHORUS, which is the
state in which it is used by indus
try, quantities of cheap power
must be available. The West has
hydroelectric plants. but Florida
power comes primarily from steam
plants, an expensive operation.
This factor tended to prevent ex-
Ipansion of the Florida industry.
Pioneer work in mining Western
phosphate was started some 35
years ago by the Anaconda Copper
Co. of Butte, Mont. In it's smelt-
ing operations, sulphuric acid was
a byproduct. This acid can purify
raw phosphate sufficiently to con-
vert it into fertilizer. But Ana
conda never went much beyond a
small mine operating on limited
scale.
Then came Idaho'S fabulous
Jack Simplot, rugged individual
Evening star., 1951-07-29

the marble f1oored, air condi-
toned Criminal Branch of NUM-
cipal Court. Each one signed in.
Then each set out for a nearby
destination-a courtroom of Mu-
nicipal or District Court, the hear
ing room of the United States
attorney or the hearing room of
the corporation counsel.
Most of them made their way
to a single courtroom on the sec
ond floor of the building. The
section of seats reserved for them
quickly filled and overfiowed.
Behind bars waiting to be ush-
cred in were 1874 lookup cases.
citizens arrested during the week
end, in all parts of the city, on
charges of being drunk or dis
orderly.
Court convened at 10 o'clock.
As each defendant came before
the bench, a policeman had to
seat himself in the witness box
and tell why the man was ar
rested. Some of the defendants
had been there before. All Of the
policemen had.
On His Own Time
1t was a time consuming pro-
cess. BY chance, it wasn't helped
by the temporary departure of
the Judge at II on a personal
errand-something this judge was
never known to do before. Two
other judges helped out in other
courtroomS. But when afternoon
came, some cases still remained.
So did the policemen.
Next day came the fireworks.
Police Chief Robert j. Barrett ex-
ploded to the Commissioners.
Chief Judge George P. Barse,
later on, stanchly defended his
court. but many policemen still
smoldered.
Not every Monday is that bad.
But the situation isn't new. Po-
licemen go to court every day ex-
cept Sunday, and often they must
sit for half a day. patiently COR
impatientlyD cooling their heels
while justice grinds.
Evening star., 1951-07-29
Maybe They Can Get Away With II, After All
Box Score Of Senate
Contempt Cases Moy
Settle the Point
BY Miriom Gutenberg

Bernused television audiences
saw Racketeer Frank Costello walk
out of the Senate Crime Investi-
eating Committees New York
hearing. They heard Gamblers
Joe Adonis and Frank Erickson
parry committee questions with
the steady refrain. II refuse to
answer the question on the ground
the answer may tend to incrimi-
nate me-"
They, wondered at the time,
"Are these characters going to
get away with it?"
Today, in the light of recent
Supreme Court decisions, the
crime hunting Senators as well as
United States attorneys all over
the country are wondering the
same thing.
Forty Two Citations
To keep mute and near-mute
witnesses from defying Congress
with impunity. the crime commit
tee has been recommending that
these witnesses be cited for con-
tempt. So far, the committee has
voted contempt citations against
AZ non-answerers. Except for two
cases sent back for reconSidera-
tion. the Senate has gone along
with the committees recommen-
dations.
The contempt charges then 60
by way of the Justice Department
to the United States Attorneys in
the cities where the witnesses de-
fed the committee. It's up to
these prosecutors to present the
cases to the grand jury, get indict-
ments and convictions-and hope
the convictions will stand up
under the scrutiny of the higher
courts.
Last week, Costello. Adonis and
Erickson joined the ranks of the
witnesses indicted on contempt
charges. A lot more than the
maximum penalty of a year in Jail,
and a $1,000 fine on each count,
is at stake in the attempt to con-
vict these men.
Standardization
At stake, both Senators and
believe, is the future
effectiveness of congressional in
vestigationS.
1t all hinges on how far a wit
ness can go in claiming that his
answers to committees questions
might incriminate him. Under the
Constitution, no person shall be
compelled in any criminal case
to be witness against himself.
Before the crime committee,
witnesses have claimed it would
Evening star., 1951-07-29
By Fronk |. White

MANILA.-The first systematic
attempt to find out what kind of
life exists 6 miles below the sea
is underway off Mindanao. largest
of the Philippine Islands.
East Of Mindanao is the world 5
greatest ocean deep. United
States scientists found bottom
there in 1945 at 34,700 feet.
The Mindanao deep was ex-
plored years ago by German and
Dutch scientists, but not very
thoroughly. They didn't find
much. Since then scientists have
stumbled upon things at lesser
depths that have made them eager
to go farther.
For example, in oil wells, the
deepest of which go down, roughly
Evening star., 1951-07-29
PoIicemon's Day in Court
Sometimes Tenth of the Force Spends
Valuable Time Serving as Witnesses
By Jones G. Deone

Some Washington policemen
wera thinking last week of some
classic verses from THE Pirates
of Penzance"-
Our feelings we with difficulty
smother
When conStabulary duty's to be
done;
Oh, take one consideration with
another.
A policeman's lot is not a happy
one.
The duty District officers were
complaining of was one that
might seem hardly Objectionable
to the innocent citizen. /.
Last Monday morning, 226 po-
licemen reported to an Office in
Evening star., 1951-07-29

colleagues already are doing their
utmost to relieve the problem. An
extra judge works every Monday
on drunk cases. Judges arranging
trial of other cases. especially
traffic, try to schedule them at
the policeman's convenience. and
if possible on duty time. The
United States attorneys and cor
poration counsel's Offices CO.
operate.
Is there a solution?
Maybe Assistant United States
Attorney J. Warren Wilson has
the best answer. People will just
have to quit getting in trouble, "
he SAYS.
Evening star., 1951-07-29
Kefouver's Reaction
Scientists Seek Deep Sea Monsters

8 miles, they have found strange
forms of microbes which live in
great heat under pressures of hun
dreds of pounds to the square inch.
Ages ago some of these bacteria
formed petroleum deposits upon
which modern civilization is draw
ing at a terrific rate.
What would oil drillers find If
they went down another 3 miles?
The cost of drilling hole miles
deep in solid earth would be monu-
mental. 1t also would be a wild
gamble.
The expedition to the Mindanao
deep may help throw light on that
and a good many other unsolved
mysteries of the earth's shell.
1t also probably will determine
whether the greatest ocean depths
Evening star., 1951-07-29

! The reason for the Idaho devel-
opment entailed more than phos-
phate and Simplot promotion and
a new market for detergents. II
involves such factors as companies
willing to experiment, and the as
sistance offered by the Tennessee
Valley Authority.
When, for example, the West
waco Co. began looking in1o the
possibility of building electric fur
naces at Pocatello in 1948. to re-
duce Simplot-mined rock into
elemental PHOSPHORUS, IVA en-
gineers were on hand to show the
corporation that the proposition
was something more than a
gamble.
The result speaks for itself to-
day in a unit, $25 million
electric furnace, operating at full
capacity near the now-dwarfed
Simplot fertilizer plant. It's out
put supplies the detergent and
chemical industries.
Close behind Westvaco in recog-
Inizing the potentiality of the
Vests phosphate were two other
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Chemical
and Victor Chemical. Monsanto
today is constructing a one-unit
electric furnace at Soda Springs,
Idaho. Victor, meanwhile, is
building a two-unit furnace in
Montana.
Mining Expands, Too
Between them, they are spend
ing more than SIS million in facil-
titles expected to be in full opera
ton by mid-1952. The expansion
lof the treatment of phosphates, of
course, has resulted in an equal
Expansion in mining operations.
g. j. Miller, in charge of the
Westvaco operations at Pocatello,
a contemplative. man with un-
bounded enthusiasm for the gray
ish mineral, says that when zone
stops to think about it, the growth
Iof the industry in the West has
been astounding"
| He estimates that since World
War II, approximately $50 million
has been invested in mines, fur
naces and associated facilities.
/ Miller can recite an endless
list for the uses of phosphate
which actually goes into an amaz-
ing variety of industries. These
range from the manufacture oi
toothpaste and baking powder, te
pharmaceuticals and oil refining
| Neither man nor modern in.
dustry can live without phos.
phate," is q rather cheerful phil.
osophy of his.
THE phosphate industry some
day will be one Of the greatest
industries in the Rocky Mountain
region"
To Westerners, that is q bright
outlook. indeed, for a mineral thai
once plagued their forefather.
who plodded through its dust tx
reach the Oregon country.
M
Evening star., 1951-07-29

cial support. The court reversed
a contempt conviction against
Samuel Hoffman, a Philadelphian
with a long criminal record, who
had refused to answer some ques-
tions posed by a special Federal
grand jury. The questions sounded
very much like those the Crime
Committee has been asking.
The effect of this decision was
felt promptly. In New Orleans. a
Federal judge cited the Hoffman
and Blau cases in dismissing the
contempt case against Dandy
Phil Kastel. long time associate of
Costello, who didn't want to tell
all.
The judge analyzed sons of the
committees questions this way:
Now did you ever have an
office at Room 1108, 1860 Broad
way. New York City?' The ques-
tion in itself appears innocent.
However, when we take the next
question. Count 20. Did you ever
have an Office N hat room with
Frank Costello?' I think we have
an excellent example Of an inno-
cent question forming a link in a
chain with other questions which
together might very reason
ably involve self discrimination"
Witnesses Gain Confidence
AS the decisions have been COM
ing down, the witnesses have be-
come more confident. Where Jack
Dragna. the California mobster,
tried to dodge answering last
October by not remembering-"At
times I don't even remember !
am aliye"-more recent witnesses
have refused to tell anything but
their names.
The committee has changed its
technique, too. For instance, in
questioning Martin Accardo,
Evening star., 1951-07-29

Chairman O'Conor told him: "The
committee is desirouS Of question
ing you, not with regard to your
own activities, but with regard to
the activities of others. Are you
prepared to answer the questions
relating to others but not to your
self?"
Accardo declined to answer on
the usual grounds. But the COM
mittee was building record to
show that self determination was
not involved. :.
Now the strategy is to try some
of these later cases first. on the
theory that a clear-cut case far
removed from self determination
might draw a favorable court de-
|cision on the right of congression-
al committees to get answers out
of witnesses.
Senator O'Conor is inclined to
be optimistic about this strategy
He says he doesn't think the past
decisions necessarily represent the
view of the courts on fragrant re-
fusals to talk to the crime COM
mittee.
He makes a distinction between
questions about communism,
which might bring out that the
witness may be a Communist and
possibly subject to prosecution
as opposed to general questions
about crime conditions. The latter
might bring out that witness is
cozy with racketeers. but that
would not in'itself make him liable
to Federal prosecution.
Senator O'Conor also contends
that refusing to answer questions
before a grand jury with power to
lndict-as Hoffman dds a diff
ferent thing from refusing to an
swer questions before congress
sional committee interested only
in information.
Foy Is Coutious
United States Attorney George
Morris Fay, with one loss and
II cases to go, is decidedly less
sanguine. He has seen the pen
dulum swinging from the days
when his Office won 40 contempt
cases, to the recent months when
only four were salvaged out OF
20. With his fingers burned by
these defeats, he is proceeding
cautiously. Instead of going
straight to the grand jury as the
cases came in. he has insisted
that the committees counsel &c
over all the unanswered questions
with him. The goal is to find out
which questions were material to
the committees inquiry but def
nitely not self-incriminating
Last week he finally got action
from the committee and expects
| to start presenting the cases to
the grand jury here within the
next 10 days.
Throughout the Nation, here's
the box score on the 40 contempt
cases approved so far by the Sen
ate as a result of testimony-or
lack of it-before the crime COM
mittee.
| Three witnesses have been ac-
quilted. Fifteen others have been
indicted and are now awaiting
trial. Twenty -one cases have not
yet gone to grand juries.
And one lone man, in New Or
leans, pleaded nolo contendere-
he did not contest the case. He
was fined $500 and sentenced to
one month in jail. The sentence
was suspended and he was put on
probation for 80 days.
That is the closest the commit
tee has come so far toward find-
ing out If these characters can get
ouav with IL