davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-10-07
BuIIdozer Tactics

I read with interest that we have
finally got around to the use of bull
doZer in connection with some of our
traffic problems at some of Washingtons
bottlenecks.
Please don't put the bulldozer away
after it completes its work at Logan
Circle-rather move it to Ninth and K
streets NV. Let it run right across that
corner by the library. 1t will necessitate
the removal of two old trees that have
already seen their best days and two
park benches that are also in the same
condition. Likewise the sidewalk will
have to go over against the library
building.
This is probably the worst bottleneck
in the downtown area. I have often
wondered why they don't clip off that
corner and put lights there that are syn
chronized with the lights on New York
avenue and Massachusetts, avenue
w. M. Temple.
Evening star., 1950-10-07
Newspoperboy Day

This is the day set apart for public acknowl-
edgment of the debt which the public owes to the
newspaperboys who deliver the newspapers. The
part played by these youthful Mercuries is his
toric At least in America the press always has
depended upon young carriers for the diStribu-
tion of it's products. Publck Occurrences, es-
tabliShed in Boston in 1890, was meant to be
purveyed as similar journals in England were
by lads engaged for that purpose. John Camp
bells Boston Newsletter, starting publication in
1704 and continuing until 1776, was carried" to
subscribers by men and boys A like observation
applies to the American Weekly Mercury at
Philadelphia, the New England Courant, the
New York Gazette and Benjamin Franklins
Pennsylvania Gazette.
The word "newsboy" was relatively late
development. According to the Oxford Dction-
ary, it seems to have come into use about 1872,
Thackeray the novelist under date of 1860 men
tions newSboy who had stopped in his walk
and was reading aloud the journal which it was
his duty to deliver" Dickens II years earlier.
had written in "Dombey and Son" a reference to
newsmen, but he also speaks of 'the newspaper
boy in the oilskin cap in the same book in 1848
The term "newsmonger" at that time signified
newswriter rather than newspaper seller or
circulation agent
Coincidentally the best annalist of newsboys
in the United States was Horatio Alger. He wrote
about them repeatedly and was profoundly
interested in their welfare. The Newsboys'
Lodging House in New York, founded by Charles
Loring Brace and conducted by Charles O'Connor,
was his home and the center of his activities
during a good portion of his career as popular
author His views of his young friends often
were too romantic, but they were accepted by
an army of admirers and undoubtedly had
enduring influence
Such is t. tradition against which the 1850
observance o. ,;ational Newspaperboy Day is
staged. The Star for nearly century has had
reason to be proud of it's carriers. Some of them
have grown up to be associated with the paper
in other capacities. And there are scores of sue
cessful business and professional men in Wash
ington today who look back with pride to the
days when they carried The Star. Newspaper
boys are fine lot, exhibiting in their work the
traits that make for self reliance and depend
ability. That is why The Star takes pride in them
Evening star., 1950-10-07
Trouble on the Afghon-Pokiston Border
By Phillips ToIbot

ID EPORTED Afghan forays into
N Pakistan territory expose another
little-known Asian hot spot containing
the seeds of general war threat.
Like other danger situations on the rim
of Communist lands. Afghan-P Pakistan
hostilities could set off chain reaction
of international grief. Most likely to be
involved would be Russia. Immediately
to the north; india just to the east. and
then the Western countries.
But invasion" as reported in the
wild hills of Pakistans Baluchistan
province does not necessarily mean war
Pakistan's report that 1t has pushed
Afghan soldiers and tribesmen back from
the Bogra pass and the road to Quetta
indicate the affair parallels the course of
other raids last year, when the Afghans
were chased home and the crisis sub
sided.
1t is likely that the successful Pakis-
tan counter-attack will also end the
incident now.
Yet the Afghan-P Pakistan feud, which
started when Pakistan became an inde-
pendent state three years ago. goes on
always with explosive possibilities.
It centers about Afghanistans open
efforts to stir up an independence move
ment among million Pathan tribes
men who live under Pakistan's S
indirectly Exercised control in tribal
areas" along the northwest frontier
between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
The Pathan is blunt, sturdy war;
like individual who conducts blood feuds
from one generation to the next carries
rife, protects his village with hill
wall and watch tower, and prides him
self on implacable independence and
harsh adherence to the Strictest Moslem
doctrine
Afghan press, radio and government
officials have encouraged the tribesmen
to set up their own independent PA
thanistan" OF "Pukhtunistan" or "PaSh-
toonistan." Such a development would
deprive Pakistan of control over the
Khyber pass, key trade and defense
point between landlocked Afghanistan
and the outside world
Pakistanis have called the whole issue
tempest in teapot. They assert that
they have the complete loyalty of the
Pathans, who fought with gusto in dis
puted Kashmir for Pakistan interests
and against Indian army operations
there.
The late Pathan governor of Pakis-
tans northwest frontier province told me
last winter that "if the Afghans are
thinking about union of the Pathans
Evening star., 1950-10-07
Letters to The Star

Tobin declared: There will be no con-
scription of civilians to man factories or
ploWs." Why not? If we can conscript
boys to fight and die, what's wrong with
conscripting men to work in safety on
farms and in factories. If that is where
they can best serve their country?
don't mean to sound flippant. because
don't feel that way. I am wondering,
like the other mothers whose sons were
in World War II, if I can take another
war. Three or four years may not seem
long to General Hershey, but to the be-
Wildered boys in battle, and their mothers
waiting at home, one day can seem an
eternity,
Elsie X. M0reland.
Evening star., 1950-10-07
Conseription Questions

In his testimony before the House
Military Affairs Committee, General Her
shey is reported to have said he thought
veterans of rs could not have had much
war service. Has General Hershey for
gotten the tens of thousands of 18-year-
old boys who were rushed into combat
after II to II weeks training? Twenty
five-year- old veterans were 18 in 1943,
and the war was long way from being
over at that time. Twenty-four-y -year-old
veterans had from two to three years
service - 25-year-old veterans served
longer. In recent statement, President
Truman referred to some of the ground
soldiers in Korea as "bewildered kids"
The 18-year-old boys were the "beWil-
dered kids of World War IL Many of
them went into battle knowing little more
about fighting than the children in my
neighborhood, who dressed in their Hop
along Cassidy suits, raced through the
streets yelling, Bang, bang! Fall down!
You're dead!"
My generation is experiencing its third
war. Why must we always be so unpre-
pared? If we are going to fight our wars
with young boys, in heavens name, let's
give them sufficient training. Would not
universal military training be the answer
to our continual state of unpreparedness?
On December o. 1914, the War Depart
ment issued statement regarding train
ing which said: "a year of training would
be necessary We know that if we devote
less time to the training of men who are
to constitute units for combat we shall
be guilty of sending those men to battle
without an average chance of survival"
IF this is true whose fault is it that we
continue to send "beWildered kids" with
out sufficient training into battle? The
boys that are being put into military
service are Americas finest. Don't they
deserve at least an average chance of sur
vival?
In recent speech, Secretary of Labor
Evening star., 1950-10-07
To the United Nations
at Conference

When will you open iDide your door
And let God haze q chair?
All realms are represented i1ith
ElboUs on table there.
His Kingdom is the greatest, yet
Again He finds no room
Whose very presence ,Uould dispel
The heavy cloud OF doom.
His smile alone mends broken threads,
He has no bag OF tricks:
His message is for Everyone,
He plays no politics.
He does not pound, He gently knocks
And 1Uaits With patience mild;
Unhtnge your hearts. admit the Name
OF God, a little Child.
ALMA ROBERTS GIORDAN.
Evening star., 1950-10-07

point is worded with deliberate vagueness, the
Council has made clear that Western Germany,
in terms of both men and material, is to be
enabled to contribute to the security of free
Europe.
While the project is still largely a thing of
paper, the Council has left no room for doubt
that the twelve nations involved are determined
to convert that paper into formidable structure
of bone, muscle, brains and steel. Needless to
say the sooner we have it, the safer will be our
whole Atlantic world.
Evening star., 1950-10-07
A pseudony1 is permissible only
Whe7 letter carries correct name
and address of 1Driter. Please be brief.

"spend the country into prosperity" really
mean 'spend the country into totalitarian
control by bureaucracy"
Remember Rexford Tugwell and
group of the early Brain Trusters"?
What was their program? "Bloodless
Revolution" Make the country over"
Distribute the wealth." Production for
use. not for profit, a." NRA-FHA" and
lot of other things. 1t is no wonder Mr..
Roosevelt took so many Communists into
his administration, they were trained to
impose totalitarian dictatorship and he
let them get pretty good start. Mr..
Truman has said he would wear Mr..
Roosevelt's mantle and carry on his pro-
gram of social reform. He certainly is
trying to, and any law which makes it
a crime to do just that is a definite
threat to a host of our present high
Government officials.
Samuel Goodacre.
Santa Monica, Calf.
1t is at once the business of democracy
to oppose and defend the forces that
seek her destruction. This is the demo-
cratic paradox-that freedom is consti-
tutionally guaranteed even to those who
oppose freedom. Justice Jackson has
made this clear in his recent judgment
on the bail application of the Commu-
mist leaders.
have just completed careful study
of President Truman's laborious $500
word veto message on the Internal Sc
curity Act of 1850, which was passed
over his veto. The veto message has
disturbed me greatly. If the message
is correct in it's basic thesis, the Internal
Security Act not only fails to provide us
with greater security, it also hinders
existing anti-subversive processes and
poses direct threat to our civil liberties.
The Security Act is certainly new
venture in American "peacetime" do
mestic policy. I like to believe it is an
emergency measure to meet an emergency
situation. Opposition cannot be sup
pressed democratically. 1t must be met.
It's postulates must be answered. Sup
preston breeds martyrs. and hallows the
most fallacious cause.
One supposes that when the political
campaigns have ended, Congress may
consider, with greater wisdom, the
amendment or repeal of the acts less
democratic provisions
Kenneth Paul Sullivan.
Hampstead, New Hampshire.
Evening star., 1950-10-07
Powerful Syphon

There is flaw in your recent cartoon
showing the Government discovering
the principle of the syphon" in collect
ing taxes from John @. Public.
Where did Mr.. Bergman get the idea
that John @. has bills. halves. and quar-
ters in his trousers? Most Of us are lucky
to have pennies nickles, and dimes! But
we are called upon to cough up or be
shaken down just the same.
Charles d. Reeder.
ST Petersburg Fla
Evening star., 1950-10-07
Questions and Answers

The Stars readers can get the answer to
any question of fact by either writing The
Evening Star Information Bureau. 1900 street
NV. Washington g. D. c., and inclosing cents
return postage. or by telephoniLs ST. 5000
Extension 35S.
Evening star., 1950-10-07
By The HAsKIN SERVICE.

O. Can India's fiscal policy be stated
briehy?-R. T. -- .- ..
A. A review of Indias fiscal policy
was published last month The report
quotes the industrial policy statement
issued in April, 1948. 1t thus defined
the policy: ITO promote the fullest util-
ization of India's resources without i'm
posing any unjustifiable brunt on the
consumer"
Evening star., 1950-10-07

@. How many pairs of shoes does a
soldier wear out in years training?-
F. S. E.
A. During World War II it was found
that a rookie soldier wore out 10 pairs
of shoes during the first year of train
ing. Thereafter he needed six pairs a
year instead Of the two he averaged as
a civilian.
Evening star., 1950-10-07

@. Is it possible to predict or note
children likely to become delinquents?-
D. N.
A. A "predelinquent" is a child deemed
liable to become delinquent" in other
words one whose behavior problems have
not yet brought him to the attention
of court. There are many symptoms
of predelinquency.
c. Are certain people immune to at
tack by mosquitoes-C. E. B.
A. The Bureau of Entomology and
Plant Quarantine of the Department of
Agriculture says: "We have not been
able to find persons completely immune
to attack by this insect"
Evening star., 1950-08-14
Mao Reported Meeting
Russian Military Group
BY the Associufed Press

HONG KONG, Aug. IA Chi
nese Nationalist report said today
Mao Tze-tung, top Chinese Com
munist, left Peiping August II for
an undisclosed destination.
A message to the newspaper
Wah Kiu Vat Po from Taipei, For
mosa, said Mao left latter receiv-
ing cabled instructions from Sta
lin"
Mao returned to China in Feb
ruary after an extended visit to
Russia, which resulted in a 30-year
Soviet-Red China alliance.
Reports received by Nationalists
in Formosa said some Communist
leaders in Peiping had revealed
Mao probably was heading for
Mukden, Manchuria, where he was
to hold a conference with a group
of Soviet military advisers.
Evening star., 1950-08-14
Romonces of Stains Daughter Broken Up by Jealous Father

Just before the end of the war,
Svetlana disappeared from Krem-
lin life. Kapler learned that Sta
lin had again sent her on a mis-
sion Of his own to America. Her
job then, according to the air
force officer who was Kapler's in
formant, was to knit American
Communists more firmly behind
the Russian imperia1ists.
Nothing is heard any more Of
Svetlana's private life. Sometimes
she is seen dancing at special
gatherings in officers clubs, al
ways escorted by her general
brother, VASTLY. After two tragic
affairs, perhaps Svetlana had done
with love. Or perhaps aspirants
have found that 1t Is too danger
Gus to fall in love with the Prin-
cess of the Kremlin.
Evening star., 1950-08-14
Love in the Kremlin
By Todeusz Norwid
North American Newspaper Alliance

North American Newspaper AHIoheS
STOCKHOLM, Aug. 10-(By
AirmaiD-In strictly Marxist eyes.
Stain "has no family except the
whole Soviet people," but it is
well known that the 27-year-old
"Kremlin Princess Svetlana
Josefovna, daughter Of Stains
second wife Nadia Aliluyeva, is
the apple of her fathers eye and
his unofficial secretary" through
whom Kremlin intimates reach
Stalin'S ear.
But despite the careful guard
ianship of the Soviet baStion's
grim life, love has touched Svet-
lana; and in Russia where ex-
cessive license brought about a
drab puritanism, 1t was perhaps
inevitable that scandal should
have been loves partner. And, as
is also usual in modern Russia,
death and politics and a terrible,
silent struggle for influence over
the absolute dictator, Stain, have
their place in the tale Of Svet-
lana's love.
Like many other stories of Rus
sian intrigue reaching the outside
world, this one comes via the
concentration camp. 1t was at
the Vorkuta camp near the Fin
nish border that a Ukrainian
named Hreniuk, now escaped to
safety and on his way to America,
met a Russian film producer, AL
exey Kapler, and before Kapler
died in the spring of 1948 learned
of his romance with Svetlana
Stalinova.
1t began during the war, in
the spring of 1912. Kapler met
Svetlana for the first time at a
reception in the Kremlin. Alexey
was already well known and had
been awarded the Stain Order fol-
his film, "Lenin in October" AND
Svetlana is a gifted pianist, who
will improvise for hours on enc
for her father when he is in 9
mood for music. Her music at
tracted Kapler; but, he recalled
it was a case of love at first sight
They did not meet often. Or
very rare occasions they man.
aged to spend an evening together
Their future looked hopeless. Fol
in spite of his brilliant artistic
career, Kapler was far too in
significant a match for the "Prin-
cess of the Kremlin." Stains
love for Svetlana is a jealous one
and it is doubtful if he will ever
consider any one at all good
enough for her.
Svetlana is attractive, cul-
tured, commanding several Ian
guages, says Kapler, and was sent
abroad several times during the
war under an assumed name to
work in various Soviet embassies
and legations. Indeed, she spent
nearly a year at one point in
Washington, D. c., mixing in the
best "plutocratic" society. She
wrote often to her father, depict
ing the life. of American million
aires in witty terms which amused
Stain. 1t is said, in fact, that
he formed much of his opinion
of the capitalist world through
the eyes of this young girl.
Romance Was Brief.
Kapler'S romance did not last
long. Toward the end of Octo-
Der of 1912. the producer-journal-
ist was sent to Stalingrad as q
correspondent for Pravda. Since
this appointment was considered
Evening star., 1950-08-14

derided Stalin's paternal feelings
for Svetlana. And she fought this
weakness" of Stain which cut
into her influence over the aging
man.
Svetlana reciprocated the hatred
in full and found an ally In the
young general, Tcherniakovsky.
A cultured man, he helped Svet-
lana also to forget Kapler and
soon the two were seen together
in the hectic later days Of victory
when champagne and vodka
flowed feverishly in the Kremlin.
The Russians had Moscow to
themselves: foreigners were all in
Kuibyshev; victory seemed certain
and, beyond that. realization Of
the greatest Of all Russian dreams
dominion over the world.
Then Roskova, leader of 10000
Russian airwomen, died a hero's
death, shot down over Germany
and presumably killed. And then
also it was that Stain, seeking
comfort in the loss of this third
wife, reverted to his former family
ways-and discovered how great
has grown his separation from
Svetlana during the period of RoS-
kova's domination over him. And
he saw, too. how far had gone her
to Tcherniakovsky.
All the old jealousy came back,
sharpened now by his new need
for her. But getting rid of
Tcherniakovsky would be more
difficult than the Kapler operation.
1t was out of the question to put
away for anti-Soviet propaganda"
a general who had distinguished
himself signally in the war. Yet a
solution had to be found. And so
Tcherniakovsky found himself ap-
pointed to command an army on
the White Russian front. And
about six months later, the &C.
year-old general was killed in the
fighting in East Prussia. There
are some who say that the bullet
came from a NKVD gun in back
Of him. but that cannot be estab-
liShed, any more than the rumors
that Roskova wasn't shot down by
the Germans but by a plane bear
ing the Red Star. AS always in
the Soviet, it is difficult to tell
when political factors enter into
the death Of anyone prominent.
Evening star., 1950-08-14

a step down, 1t Is probable that
it was arranged on orders OF the
NKVD. perhaps acting on Stains
instructions.
Kapler'S reports Cor Pravda
were excellent, and he might have
gone far on sheer skill-for he
survived the siege-had he not
sinned by failing to forget his love
for Svetlana. In the midst of his
work, he still found time to write
to the dictator's dangerous daugh-
ter. These letters did not go by
mail, of course, for they would
have ended in NKVD files; but
he managed always to find air
force officers or others willing to
carry the missives for him. Even
Svetlana's brother. Vassih josef
ovitch. helped.
But in Russia it is not safe
to trust any one, even ones best
friend. An officer who belonged
to the Politruc police, the in
ternal supersecret force, gave the
affair away. And so it was thai
as Kapler was journeying back
to Moscow, proud and exalted by
his work, expecting a hero's well
come, anxious to see his beloved
again, he was seized by the NKVD.
There was, of course, no explana-
ton.
But after six months in jail, he
was sentenced to 10 years of
slave labor for "anti-Soviet propa-
ganda" under article 51:10 of the
Soviet criminal code. There was
no proof, but it was convenient to
put him away and so he was con-
demned.
The tale of Kapler's imprison-
ment is continued by another
escapee, Antoni Ekart, whose book,
Direct From Russia" was pub
lished in Sweden. Ekart reports
that when he first met Kapler at
the Kotlas camp in 1914, the pro-
ducer journalist still nourished
hopes of being able to get out some
day and get back to Svetlana. He
was, therefore, discreet and obe-
dent. Nevertheless. he was sent
north.
At the Vorkuta camp. according
to Hreniuk, Kapler met a prisoner
who reported that Svetlana was
desolate over her loss. The pris-
oner was an air force officer, a
friend of VASTLY Stain. He added
that Svetlana's relations with her
father were strained by Kapler'S
summary imprisonment and con-
demnation.
Wife Fought Influence.
But behind Stain there stood
the terrible figure of the dictator's
third wife. Mariana Roskova. the
young amazon who despised family
life, lived only for the mannish
arts of politics and war. Com
mander of the women's squadronS
I
Evening star., 1950-08-14
Medical Help Rushed
In Influenza Epidemic
By the Associated Press

HALIFAX, Nova Scotia, Aug. IA
A medical team from Goose Bay
Labrador, has been rushed by
plane to the isolated settlement
of Fort Chino to fight an cpl
demic of influenza which has
struck 300 persons, 3 fatally.
The party landed at the Fort
Chino air base Saturday and was
taken by boat to the village. The
base is maintained by the United
States Air Force.
Evening star., 1950-08-14
Suffrage Unit to Meet

The Board Of Trustees Of the
Central Suffrage Conference, Inc,
will have a special meeting at 8
pm. Wednesday at All Souls Uni
tartan Church, Sixteenth and Har-
ward streets NV. The home rule
bill now before Congress will be
discussed,
Evening star., 1950-08-14

IT'S big moment when any new car rolls
up to your door and you start out fresh
and spanking bright.
Think, then, what it's going to mean when
that new car is a RoADMAsTER like this one
pictured here.
You'll swing wide the door and slide into
car that's truly fine and looks it.
You'll put foot to treadle and touch off the
might of great, 152-horsepower Fireball
straight.eight that's ready to master any
road-or anything it meets there.
You'll have the silken magic of Dynafow
Drive to simplify your driving, ease your
way. A handsome flexible steering wheel,
Evening star., 1950-08-14
Wife Fought Influence.

But behind Stain there stood
the terrible figure of the dictator's
third wife, Mariana Roskova. the
young amazon who despised family
life, lived only for the mannish
arts of politics and war. Com
mander of the women's squadrons
in the Red air force, she hated and