davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-06-13
When Membership Hurts

"All this howl about organizations fellow
belongs to-" said President Truman, "gives me
pain in the neck" He was writing to Clyde A.
Lewis, commander in chief of the Veterans of
Foreign Wars, who had criticized presidential
appointee for membership in the United World
FederalistS, Inc. I'D be willing to bet my right
eye" Mr. Truman added that you yourself and
I have Joined some organizations we wish we
hadn't. 1t hasn't hurt me and don't think 1t
has hurt you any"
This sounds like common sense, offhand-
but where does 1t leave Attorney General Nc
Grath and his predecessor, Tom Clark? A lot
Of the howl about organizations fellow belongs
to has been directed at the lists of organizations
which these law officers of the Government were
directed by the President to prepare as part OF
his loyalty program The lists are of "organiza-
tions designated by the Attorney General as
Totalitarian, Fascist, Communist or subversve, )"
etc. If the fellow who belongs to any of these
blacklisted groups happens to be Federal en-
ploye, he may be hurt plenty. For the fact of
his membership, now or in the past, may be
used as collateral evidence on which his loyalty
may be judged.
Apparently, then, there are some organiza-
tions which the President had forgotten when
he wrote to Commander Lewis. In all likelihood
Mr.. Truman gets no pain in the neck from or
ganizational blacklists published by the Depart
ment of Justice. Nor should he, for an employees
aftEationS in certain circles are proper subject
OF inquiry by the loyalty boards.
Evening star., 1950-06-13
Cathedral Controversy

Although am not q clergyman or a
theologian, feel that it is my duty as an
Evangelical Episcopalian to point out
some errors in Paul Johnson's letter to
The Star Of June 2.
Apparently Mr.. johnson has never read
the Articles of Religion, which were
adopted by the General Convention of
the Protestant Episcopal Church in the
United States Of America in 1901. These
articles are to be found on pages 603 to
GIL, inclusive. Of the present 1928 Book
Of Common Prayer.
Quoting from Article XVIII, in part:
-. Transubstantiation Cor the change
OF the substance Of Bread and Wine) in
the Supper of the Lord, cannot be proven
by Holy Writ; but Is repugnant to the
plain words Of Scripture, overthroweth
the nature Of Sacrament and hath given
occasion to many superstitions.
"The Body Of Christ is given. taken
and eaten, in the Supper, only after
Evening star., 1950-06-13
Field Morshul WoveIl

In recent editorial, you paid tribute
to Field Marshal Earl Wavell. I incline
to the belief that in years to come, mill
tary historians will find your statement
that "Wavell does not seem to have been
altogether tops as great professional
military leader" does him considerably
less than justice.
1t seems quite possible that his pro-
fessional military skill and leadership,
In accomplishing so much with so little
against such great odds. may eventually
rank him as one of the most able in the
art Of war.
His chief fame rests upon his African
campaigns. There were three of them
under his direction. In the desert cam
paign, his two divisions eliminated 10
enemy divisions and 400 tanks in 81
days. In the two other campaigns. five
divisions within four months extended
their operations distance of 1000 miles
and eliminated another 220 900 enemy
troops. The professional skill and lead
ership Of the man, who was not dis
mayed by the numerical superiority of
the opposite array, was hardly equaled
on the Allied side.
All professional practitioners Of the
modest mans profound understanding
OF the principles of war, his calm reso-
luton in the face of the reports OF his
enemy's overwhelming superiority, and
from his own studied conviction that the
achievement Of competence in the highly
specialized military field restricts a mill
tary mans experience so that he must
always remain servant of policy. All
military leaders can remember, with
profit. the example he has set of his own
words on leadership" THAT is the root
Of the matter-the fighting spirit. No
battle was ever lost until the leader
thought 1t so. The ancient Romans put
up statue to the general who saved
them in one Of Rome's darkest hours,
with this inscription: Because he did not
despair Of the Republic.
3. r. Shaw.
Evening star., 1950-06-13
ey John w. Stepp

CONTROVERSY is nothing new to
~ the Districts Juvenile Court. For
A years it has been gradually changing
from children's criminal tribunal to
combination conference and trial court
whose operations are shrouded in Sc
crecy-and its history is studded with
controversy.
The latest blowup over administrative
policies, involving Judge Edith CockriIl
and two of the courts top social work
ers. is just one more reminder that
progress toward the ideal concept of
juvenile court has been slow and arduous
all the way. The ideal, of course, is a
tribunal which handles its youthful and
adult charges in their best interests
and in the best interests of the public.
AS recently as year ago. congress
sional committee evinced concern over the
secrecy policy surrounding court records
and proceedings. In 1910, Judge Fay
Bentley. the present judges predecessor.
was raked over congressional Goals with
outspoken criticisms of her conduct Of
the court.
The critics said Judge Bentley among
other things was too lenient-just as they
now say Judge Cockrill is too severe.
The juvenile court movement in
Washington began in 1901. But it was
not until July /, 1906, that the court
actually was set up.
The law establishing the court gave
it exclusive jurisdiction over children
under II years who committed any
crime against the Federal Government or
the District, except capital offenses, fel-
onies. libel, conspiracy or violations Of
postal or pension laws.
II also covered destitute and aban-
doned children, those whose parents were
habitually unfit because of drink or
viciousness. and those who were truants
or "door-to-door beggars"
Up to 1918, about 1000 juveniles were
convicted" of crimes of varying sorts.
Under the law as it then stood, the "con-
victions" forever disqualified the youth
full wrong-doer from jury duty, holding
public office or entering public service
This status Of the act led to an outcry
by civic. religious and welfare leaders
which resulted in 1916 in legislative re-
vision prescribing: mo child shall be
denominated criminal, nor a guilty
judgment denominated a conviction
The amendment further removed the
citizenship disabilities which had been
Evening star., 1950-06-13

jurisdiction such care and guidance. pre-
ferably in his own home, as viii serve
the child's welfare, and the best in
terests Of the State: to conserve and
strengthen the childs family ties when
ever possible, removing him from the
custody of his parents only when his
welfare or the safety and protection
of the public cannot be adequately safe
guarded without such removal; and.
when such child is removed from his
own family, to secure for him custody.
care and discipline as nearly as possible
equivalent to that which should have
been given by his parents"
The act pertains to the care and
guidance" Of any child under 10 years
OF age. who has violated 'any law" who
is "habitually beyond the control of par
entS or guardian, habitually truant from
school or home, or habitually deports
himself In q manner harmful to him.
self or others. or who has been aban-
doned or neglected by his parents, or
who has job dangerous to himself or
others.
incorporated into the act is a secrecy"
clause. This not only provides that the
court hearings may be held in an in
formal manner. but that in the hearing
OF any case "the general public shall
be excluded" and only persons having
direct interest" in the case, or their
representatives shall be admitted.
similar section covers the court case
records. Such records shall be open
to inspection by respondents. their par.
ents or guardians. or their duly author
lied attorneys, but otherwise only by
order Of the District Court" the pro-
vision states.
The secrecy provisions are an import
ant factor in the current controversy.
Legally. the court does not have to make
public statistical reports even, as to the
disposition Of its cases. From 1893
through 1916 it did make such annual
accountingS, but since then the reports
have been piecemeal and sporadic
Efforts to let the public in on more
OF the activities Of the court were under
taken in Congress in May. l949. At that
time Chairman Margaret Chase Smith
OF Senate District subcommittee, spoke
in favor of a week-to-week check, avail
able to the public, on the number and
types OF cases, and their disposition.
Chairman Harris Of the House District
subcommittee declared then that "some
very serious accusations" had been made
against court procedure. He added there
were very grave doubts in the minds
OF some people concerning some of the
secrecy"
The court Advisory Committee last Fri
day urged an investigation of the court
by panel Of Federal experts. Judge
Cockrill, who would have to take the
initiative in such an inquiry. said she
would welcome it.
Evening star., 1950-06-13
Letters to The Star .

heavenly and spiritual manner. And the
mean whereby the Body of Christ is re-
ceived and eaten in the Supper, is Faith.
"The Sacrament Of the Lords Supper
was not by Christ's ordinance reserved.
carried about, or worshipped."
In regard to our attitude towards other
denominations, please allow me to quote
Article XVIII.
They also are to be had accursed that
presume to say that every man shall be
saved by the Law or Sect which he pro-
fesseth. so that he be diligent to frame
his life according to that Law, and the
light OF Nature. For Holy Scripture doth
set out unto us only the Name of Jesus
Christ; whereby men must be saved"
I should like to point out further that
these articles are not absolute dogmas
which every member must follow strictly
or be punished; neither is any other
statement made by churchmen individ-
ually or collectively by those of either
high" or ''low" tendencies. However.
the Articles Of Religion were the collec-
tive opinion Of churchmen in 1901 and
still, in the main represent the majority
opinion today.
Winthrop C. Wolfe.
In Saturdays paper, one of your read
ers wonders what Jesus would have done
about an open service of holy commun-
Ion. There is no need to wonder, we
can look at the record. Who was present
at the Last Supper? Only the few who
had been carefully trained. In the Epis-
copal Church, instruction climaxed by
confirmation is preparation for receiving
holy communion.
Episcopalian.
Referring to the recent attack on
Bishop Dun by the Anglo Catholic branch
Of the Episcopal church, overheard q
Protestant friend remark after reading
the account, "Well, If am not good
enough to take communion at WASH
ington Cathedral, I guess my money is
not good enough to go into its building
fund"
This was only temporary reaction,
evaporating as soon as the situation was
explained to her more fully. Neverthe-
less, think this only a natural reaction.
Is not the Cathedral built by all people
for the benefit Of all, including Anglo
Catholics:
Another Episcopalian.
Evening star., 1950-06-13
Modified Rent Control

Those who are convinced that the time has
come to pass to the States the question OF
further rent control will not be satisfied with
the compromise bill adopted by the Senate yes
terday But the modified extension plan is
reasonable step toward the desirable goal OF
lifting all Federal controls in a field that is
properly local responsibility in normal times.
Under the compromise proposal, now subject
TO House consideration, Federal rent controls
would be continued through the remainder of
this year, but would end automatically then
unless local communities took positive action of
their own to extend them another six months.
Thus 1t would be possible theoretically to main
tain Federal controls for another year-if local
conditions warranted. Areas already decontrolled,
as in Virginia, could not be recontrolled.
Considerable testimony indicating the need
for continued Federal control in some OF the
larger cities played major part in the Senate's
decision to call for a modified extension plan.
AS is the case in Washington, most of the rental
construction since the war has been priced so
high that lower-income families have not been
able to lease them. The Senate bill takes cogni
Eance of this situation, while providing taper
ing off of Federal intervention.
The District of Columbia was left out Of
the national bill, on the ground that the housing
situation here is a special problem District
Rent Administrator Cogswell has presented
strong evidence of a shortage in Washington
of lower-rent apartments suitable for average
size families. There has been no showing, how
ever, that controls should be maintained here
any longer than in other congested urban CEN
terS. Whether the District is to be included in
the national control legislation or handled by
a separate statute, the aim should be to bring
the war-inSpred controls to end at the earliest
date consistent with the welfare of the renting
public. Rent control can be justified only by
emergency housing conditions-and the housing
emergency ought to be rapidly passing into
oblivion under the impact of the building boom
apparent throughout the Metropolitan Area.
Evening star., 1950-06-13
Needed Leadership in an Emergency

The real victims of continued milk delivery
strike are those least able to take care OF them
selves-the invalds and the young children Tor
whom milk is a necessary item OF diet. The
failure by dairy management the union leaders
and the District Commissioners to make anything
like adequate arrangements to meet actual need
in such cases is deplorable People are not apt
quickly to forget the public-be-damned gesture
of the dairy heads and the union leaders in
directing mothers with doctors certificates to
single dairy in South Washington as the source
of their supply.
This failure of leadership should be over
come Immediately by the Commissioners, now
that they have provided milk for the jail. The
two medical societies, alert to the real dangers
of the situation, have offered their cooperation
in working out some plan perhaps modelled on
the Pittsburgh arrangement described in yeSter-
days Star under which deliveries are being
made, during a comparable strike there, to
homes certified by physicians as needing milk.
The Star has verified the workability of the plan
in long distance conversation with union leaders,
newspapers and health authorities in Pittsburgh.
In Pittsburgh, incidentally, the plan was devel-
oped by the municipal authorities, who seem to
have felt greater responsibility for people who
are not in jail or other public institutions than
has been displayed here in Washington.
If some arrangement of the sort is put into
operation here, the strike can continue in
definitely with the usual display of the sort of
intelligence that marks such episodes. The
farmers will dump many thousands of gallons OF
milk or feed it to the pigs. The dairies and the
workers will lose many thousands of dollars.
The general public will find that it can get along
without milk and discover that ice cream and
cake, in times of such emergency, provide an
adequate substitute.
Evening star., 1950-06-13

women who have just been fred are
capable of an unbiased opinion?
Isn't 1t just possible that the new
Judge is trying to do little past-due
housecleaning? It seems to me that the
court may have been too lax in the
past. Could that possibly account for the
increase in Juvenile delinquency?
I say, keep it up Judge. Let the chips
fall where they may. And If there is
more deadwood that needs to be re-
moved before the court can really serve
the community then clear it out. We
are behind you.
----.e -. A SHINING
Evening star., 1950-06-13

I respectfully call
your attention to a
slight error made
by either artist, or
researcher, in show
ing the two Sentries
or Guards, execut-
ing Present Arms"
or Present Pixies, 4"
according to "Con-
tinental Army Drill
Regulation. ~
The Execution of
present Pixies" as
shown on your
cover design, shows
the Sentry or Guard
executing Present
Arms" according to
Modern Army. Drill
r e g u | ations, and
not according to
Continental Army
Regulations.
Here is a photo
which shows the
correct position of
a foot soldier, and
pike. at Present
Pike" The subject
is Walter Mcclure
of The National
S h r / n e Honor
G u ard, Military
o r d e r of The
Purple Heart, who
Master"
Evening star., 1950-06-13
Juvenile Court Debates Are Old Stuff

This is the first of tUo articles on
the background OF the current dispute
ouer Juvenile Court procedures. The
second article. appearing in this space
tomorrow, ,DiH compare the situation
in the District tDith that in some other
localities,
Evening star., 1950-06-13
'Post-Due HousecIeuninq'

Why has the press so publicized the
words Of the women who have been
dismissed from /. the Juvenile Court?
They say the Judge is changing the
whole philosophy and intent Of the
court. don't know about that.
But do you think two disgruntled
Evening star., 1950-06-13
Questions and Answers

the stars readers can get the answer "a
Eny E1 oaesdion OF fact by either writing Ths
NV Washnston 5. D. C., and incloSng 3 cents
rsluin postage, or By telephoninE ST. 5000.
Evening star., 1950-06-13
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE

@. Does an earthworm have eyes7-
d. A. X.
A. An earthworm has no eyes but per.
ceives light and dark through its sen.
sitive skin.
Evening star., 1950-06-13
How to Present q Pike

Reference is made to your magazine
cover photo (story on pages 8-9) for
Evening star., 1950-06-13


@. Why do Indians mount their horses
from the right and the white man from
the left?-J. K
A. John c. Ewers, Associate Curator
OF Ethnology Of the Smithsonian Insti-
tuition who has been making n study
OF indian use Of horses, says tf1at North
American Indians now generally mount
from the left side as do white men.
Formerly (prior to adoption of white
mems stock saddles) Indians generally
mounted from the right. Elderly Indians
among the Plains tribes with whom he
discussed this subject have stated IL
was the natural way for rieht-handed
man to mount horse bareback or
saddled with pad or frame saddle
OF relatively weak construction such as
the Indians used In buffalo days. II
was possible for the man to take q firm
hold on the horses neck and name with
his right hand when mounting from the
right side. 1t Is Of interest TO note
that more than 200 years ago Indians
Of the Southeastern United States
mounted from the right side. and told
the trader. James Adair. they did 50
because it was the natural way 10
mount horse.
Evening star., 1950-06-13

@. What organization is known as the
Queen Of Battles?-H. Met.
A. This is nickname for the Infan.
try. The origin Is unknown.
Evening star., 1950-06-13

A pseudonyn1 is permissible only
Dhen letter carries correct name
and address of 1Driter. Please be brief. =
The Nome nugget., 1950-11-01
Obstinate Stewards Still Halt Passenger
 Sailings to Alaska

Continued from Page One) the union for written assurance of future compliance with tn e screening program.
 There was no reply from the union by the pm. Monday dead line, Skinner said. The deadline had to be set to provide enough time to put the Baranof back in regular passenger service, and to book passengers, for next Fridays scheduled sailing.
 "We figured now that the Wa terfront Security Act has been in- voked by President Truman, mak- ing the screening program manda- tory, that we could make plans for resumption of uninterrupted passenger service," Skinner said. "But we cannot resume that serv- ice until we receive definite as- SUl dllCS llldI Illc ulllOll VIII SUp- ply replacements for men that might be removed under the screening program"
 Union officials did not comment on the ship lines reported action.
 Meanwhile, theer was no word from the House committee on la Dor and education which report edly was to review results of Con- gressman Hugh B. Mitchell's sub committee hearing in Seattle last week.
 The Marine Cooks and Stewards Union ignored the inquiry into the passenger ship dispute. The union said it would not send rep resentatives to the hearing on the question unless the hearing was open to press and public.
The Nome nugget., 1950-11-01

NEW DELHI, India, (P)-India has told communist China she is not satisfied with the Red regimes explanation of it's invasion of Tibet.
 An official spokesman said last night that the Peiping govern ment had told India it's troop ac- ton in Tibet was a ''liberation," not an invasion, undertaken to frustrate foreign powers seeking to ues the Lama-ruled land as a base for aggression against China.
 The communist note 'contended also that Tibet is under Chinese sovereignty.
 An indian reply already sent to Peiping expressed dissatisfaction with the Chinese position and again stated that India viewed military action as regrettable since a peaceful solution "could easily have been effected" foreign ministry source said.'
The Nome nugget., 1950-11-01
Five Dead In
 Oregon Floods

PORTLAND, Ore. (P)-Muddy ricer flood crests swept into board valleys of western Oregon yester- day after claiming five lives and leaving untold damage in noun tain areas.
 Headwater streams that had driven 1000 people from homes over the weekend were receding almost as fast as they had swirled out of their banks. Some commun- ities were still isolated behind flooded roads and broken or un- safe bridges. Many families in rural southern Oregon were ma rooned a third day.
 The evacuation of a Coquille Valley farm family led Monday to the drowning of Leo A. Lan- dive, 35 and his son Dan age 9. Landive'S wife, another son and neighborS Joe HoWanick and 1ver- son struggled ashore when row. boat capsized in the churning river.
 Two of the other victims per ished in the same wild Oregon Coastal Range river earlier.
 Chief Highway engineer R. H. Baldock said damage to roads and bridges of south Oregon's Rogue, Umpqua and Coquille Valleys may be the worst in history. Roads were undermined by the flash flooding after storms had rolled in off the Pacific day and night for almost a week.
The Nome nugget., 1950-11-01
Korean Situation
 At A Glance DO
(Continued from Page One)

fContinued from Page One) ters, that they have restored their communications and have a def mite plan of defense.
 There was unofficial reports in FormoSa that the Chinese Red Hath and 18th Divisions had en- tered Korea. Nationalist officials of Chiang Kai Shek's government said the reports probably were true.
 Red forces again reportedly made up largely of Chinese-at- tackled and virtually surrounded an BOX regiment at Sinhung, only 25 miles from the industrial east coast city of Humhung. Amer ican forces have landed both north and south of Hammung.
 Elsewhere:
 San Juan: In revolution-torn Puerto Rico, Governor Luis Mu- noz Marin mobilized $500 nation al guardsmen to put down anti United States nationalist rebels who brought violence and blood shed to 10 towns yesterday.
 The uprising was the worst in the history of the U. s. depend ency. Police counted 28 dead and P wounded. Munoz Marin called the revolt "a conspiracy against democracy helped by the com munists."
 London: King George VI open ed a new session of Parliament In his speech from the throne written for him by the labor cab inet-he said the government will serve "by all means in their pow CT" to ensure successful rearm- ament to avoid war.
The Nome nugget., 1950-11-01
India Not Satisfied Third Polio Death With TibetInvasion At Fairbanks

FAIRBANKS, R-A 17-year- old high school youth, David Os- borne, became Fairbanks third polio fatality Monday. The boy was stricken with slight paraly- sis last Friday and was put into a respirator Sunday.
 His father, C. E. Osborne, has been steward for mining camps of the Fairbanks Exploration Com pany many years.
 Earlier polio victims included a child at the Ladd Air Force base and an Eskimo from Point Bar row Meanwhile, hospital attend ants said Julian Rivers, son of Alaska's former attorney general, appeared to be recovering.
 Twelve-year-old Joanne Wold, confined to a respirator for sev- eral weeks, will be flown to Seat tie Friday for rehabilitation treat ment at the Children's Orthopedic Hospital there.