davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-09-19
Malik TV Shows AidU.N
Russian Delegate Provides William
To Be Kissed by Receptive Public

formance as compared with the
road-show of the U. N. Security
Councillor here we have the top
Broadway stars. The new villain
is Andrei Vishinsky, Soviet foreign
minister, slick and polished fel-
low who can tear his hair with the
fine frenzy of a Barrymore, and
the hero for our purpose is our own
Secretary of State, Dean Acheson
who could double for George Ar
liss in "Disraeli' with his suavity
and cutting irony, a drawing room
artist, indeed.
Dean Acheson's appearance here
in star role in the u. N. Assem-
bly, betokens the change that has
come over him and the Truman
Administration in their attitude
toward the U. N. It is no secret
that a few months ago, Mr.. Ache
son and the administration in
general were somewhat cynical
about the U. NJ. which is under
standable enough. Korea changed
all that-it became quickly then
our refuge and pillar of strength,
as 1t should be.
Three Proposals Up.
Our Secretary of State, conse-
quently, is here with a plan to
make the U. N. Assembly really
effective agency authorized to act
promptly in case of any future So
Wet aggression and to throw the
combined moral and military
strength Of other U. N. nations to
check it. The assembly would sup
plant the U. N. Security Council
where the Russian veto could de-
lay or block action.
There are three proposals for
U. N. assembly consideration
First, creation of peace patrols, u
commissions to investigate imme-
diately and report to the U. N
assembly on any threats to the
peace. Second, a permanent in
ternational police force, never sci
up, for which each U. N. member
nation would be required to dele
gate a part of it's regular military
establishment that could be mobi-
lized Immediately. Third, provi-
sion for the U. N. assembly to be
ready for action on "a hours no.
tice, which would be accomplished
by authorizing the little assembly
so-called. composed of deputies
to constitute itself into the u. N
assembly and act. The liUtle as
sembly consists largely Of ambas.
sadors and ministers stationed ir
Washington who could be con.
vened here in New York quickly
We only happened to be lucky
in the Korean crisis because the
Security Council was in session
and available and Russia, which
had walked out months before
had no representative Oh hand tx
veto U. N. action against the NORTH
Korean Communists.
There will be scrapping ovel
these proposals. There will be
scrapping over many other mat.
ters, including the Soviet demand
for seating of Communist China
Mr.. Vishinsky will be m there
ranting and blocking. But there.
something in all of this wllicn j.
to the good-it brings interna.
tional politics out of the secret
places and down to us in our liv.
ing rooms around our television.
AS long as we can keep the show
in the four corners of q big room
in the U. NJ, no matter now noisy
and not let it get outside to The
battlef1eldS, then we are making
progress. It is good, finally, thai
our leaders have come to nave the
faith in the u. N. that we, tht
people, who forced It's ,creation
have had all along.
Evening star., 1950-09-19

Russians, but
t h ey do no t
W ant to tax
their own re-
sources and do
not want any
body but the
United States
to provide the
bulk of the
manpower.
Secretary of
State Acheson
m a d e positive
suggestions for
the integration
af rnr,ao~
Evening star., 1950-09-19

Truman, saw
the possibilities
and capitalized
upon them, as
the We t er a n
producer sud-
denly remem-
berS some ap-
propriate seem
cry and fittings
slowed away in
a warehouse.
But the fell
low who really
gave the U. N.
top = billin g
nnnir ca that u
Evening star., 1950-09-19

OF the German
pr o b ] e m as
such, they will
fail.
Western lead
ers usually put
the cart before
the horse. In
stead of Great
ing a policy to
implement, they
create i'm pl E.
nents in sus-
pension Of pol
icy.
The Russians
Evening star., 1950-09-19

decided by gen.
eral ap a t h y.
There is every
indication that
by November 7
the people will
be thoroughly
aroused, even if
confused, q n d
that they will
turn out to ex-
press themselves
at the polls.
The result, at
this moment, is
a n Y b o d y S
Evening star., 1950-09-19

bought since we
started this trip
IN May.
Customs men
everywhere like
you to put all
your purchases
IN one suitcase
or trunk so that
they can check
the on tie n t S
a g a l n S t your
declaration, and
h a S ten you
along.
That's what
Evening star., 1950-09-19
McL-emore-
Customs Men Really
Root Through Boes
By Henry McLemore

LONDON.-With the prospect
of going through U. S. Customs
shortly, today we unwrapped and
unpacked everything we have
Evening star., 1950-09-19
By Thomas L. Stokes

. NEW YORK, Sept. 19.-Korea
put the United Nations back into
business, as we now know, thanks
to the way our President, Harry
Evening star., 1950-09-19
Bp Lowell MeUen

There's one thing certain con-
cerning the all-important off-year
congressional election, now only
seven weeks away. It will not be
Evening star., 1950-09-19
By Constantine Bro,cn

Britain and France, our princi-
pal allies in Europe, want to eat
their cake and have it. too. They
want Europe defended against the
Evening star., 1950-09-19
By Dorothy Thomb bson

If the foreign ministers, meet
ing in New York, hope to solve
the problem of West German de-
fense without a solution in mind
Evening star., 1950-08-18

out that the U. N. is divided on
recognizing Communist China.
Senator Byrd'S statement that
fiscal solvency is the very founda-
ton of national security drew ap-
plause. He said he had never
advocated economy, however, at
the expense of defense.
Senator Byrd charged that so
per cent of the draftees are re-
jected, about half of them for
physical reasons.
He said many of our boys are
going to the Korean fighting with
out any training"
Would Curb Reds at Home.
IF we are going to fight Com
munism abroad, why don't we
fight it at home?" Senator Byrd
asked.
He declared 375 employees have
been dismissed from the armed
services for security reasons and
that 106 have been permitted TO
resign.
At this point member Of the
audience shouted, Lock 'em up,
Mr.. Senator, lock 'em up"
II would do 1t if l could" the
Senator replied.
The Korean war will be a long
draWn-out affair."" Assistant De-
fense Secretary Paul Griffith
warned today.
Mr.. Griffith said the United
States has sufficient men and
equipment on the way to Korea
to do the job, but this accomplish
ment will not come today, tomor-
row or next week"
Declaring the United States can
expect a similar incident any
where else in the world. Mr.. Grit
fifth said the Korean fighting may
be just the beginning of a series.
He defended Secretary john
sons conduct of the depart
ment and assure dthe LegionnaireS
our defenseS are in good hands. "
Nothing has happened in the
Korean affair to indicate we would
not be able to ward off an attack
by any enemy" Mr.. Griffith as
serted.
Evening star., 1950-08-18
S. Billion Tax Boost
May Be Passed for
Truman by Sept. |
BY the Associated Press

President Truman's FIRST in
stallment" IS billion tax-boosting
bill stands a good chance to be
ready for his signature by Sep
tember /.
In an unusual bipartisan action.
the Senate Finance Committee
yesterday unanimously approved
the measure that will bring the
Nations tax system near a war
time footing.
The legislation boosts by about
SO billion the annual income taxes
of over so million individuals. and
increases corporation levies by
SIS billion year. Other millions
will be added to Federal revenues
by plugging tax law loopholeS, and
by new 10 per cent manufacturers
excises on televiSion sets and on
home freezers. Slot machines also
will come in for higher taxes.
Only a Senate floor battle over
a 81 billion excess profits tax is
likely to delay passage.
Senator OMahoney, Democrat,
of Wyoming said he will offer the
excess profits amendment, as a
curb on prof1teering, when the bill
comes up in the Senate, probably
late next week.
Under the bill approved by the
committee, the Government will
start going deeper into individual
taxpayers pockets on October /.
Evening star., 1950-08-18
Refugees
lContinued From First Page. }

the Red Troops reached the out
skirts.
Two weeks ago the young father
of the family beneath our win
dow dug deep pit in his back
yard and buried all the house
holds most precious belongings.
Thousands of other fathers must
have been doing the same thing
But the young mother each
twilight lit a fire and cooked
rice and vegetables for her chill
dren and the grandparents and
the uncles and the cousins that
swarm in most small Korean
homes. And each morning they
took turns scrubbing each other
with water hauled up by buckets
from the backyard well.
Recruits Rush to Front.
Last night truckloads of grin
ming South Korean recruits
rushed toward the front happily
singing what Americans call their
mo lose face" song.
II is a kind of singSong chant
that tells how the recruits are
going to drive back the invaders
and free Korea.
A North Korean regiment had
smashed down from the north to
within II miles of Taegu just a
Evening star., 1950-08-18
u. S. Soldier Who Played Dead
Describes Execution by Reds

of the proximity of North Korean
soldiers. The Reds captured me
short time later.
First they went through my
pockets and took my cigarettes.
Then they stood me up, about 80
feet from the firing squad, and
opened fire. I fell with a bullet
in the shoulder.
Luckily, I didn't pass out so
I was able to lie still and feign
death. They left me and after
a while, I started crawling and
walking slowly back toward our
lines. Then I came across one
of our vehicles and got ride
back to a field hospital"
Pvt. White was one Of four
wounded soldiers who arrived to-
day at the naval hospital.
The others are Pfc. Irwin j.
Yaroch, 10. Beaver Dam, Wis;
Gunther M. Santelmann, 81. Par
ma, Ohio, and Pfc. Nicholas E.
Archbold, 20, Sydney, Ohio.
Evening star., 1950-08-18
Children Man Own Small Boats
In Capitol Plaza Pool Regatta

workmanship and design, Perry
Campbell, Chevy Chase Com
munity Building, and performance,
Jack Decker, Rosedale.
Mechanical boats, appearance
Robert Gill, Hearst; workmanship
and design. Eddy Colbert, Ken
nilworth, and performance. Ar
thur Krienelmeyer, Takoma.
Senior class-Sailboats, appear
ance, workmanship and perform
ance, Roger Boykin, AnacoStia.
Mechanical boats, appearance,
workmanship and performance,
Kenneth Williams, Palisades.
Jet propelled, appearance, work
manship and performance, Ray
Pruitt. Hillcrest.
In the father and daughter
class, Betty Jones, Chevy Chase,
won all three classifications with
a Sailboat, and in the father and
son class, Billy Nichols, George
town, also won with a sailboat.
Evening star., 1950-08-18
Defense
Continued From First Page.) }

Continued From First Page.)
conceded that one 40O-pound
bomb was never a very effective
anti-personnel weapon, but that
several hundred of them might
do some damage.
Other Defense Developments.
There were these other defense
developments:
l. Competent military sources
admitted that an enemy could
make a Pearl Harbor" strike at
almost any place in the United
States today and get some bombs
on the target. 1t is not con-
sidered likely that the present
sparsely spotted radar system
even though operating around the
clock-would detect all approach
ing bombers or that existing
fighter forces would destroy all of
them. 1t is doubted that more
than a quarter of an attacking
bomber force coming in over the
polar regions could be knocked
out.
2. The Defense Department took
the position that Western Europe
must work harder for its own
military salvation before this
country will agree to send more
troops across the Atlantic. There
has been inslstent French pressure
for the United States to supply a
supreme commander and at least
five additional divisions for West
ern Europe defense. The depart
ment's reply has been given in
formally because France so far
has relied upon the press and
unofficial conversations to push
for specific commitments.
Philippine Aid Awaited.
8. A regimental combat team
1900 to 5000 troops-from the
Philippines may be among the
first United Nations reinforce
ments in Korea. President Tru-
man yesterday accepted the island
republics offer of troops, includ-
ing some veterans of Bataan.
4. Mr.. Truman also cleared the
air at his news conference yester-
day regarding his stand on uni
versal military training. He still
favors the program, he said, but
sees no reason to clutter up Con-
gresS with a new controversy
which might delay action or
emergency legislation he has re-
uueSted.
Evening star., 1950-08-18

few hours before. And the
rockies were happy at the chance
to live up to their song.
But before dawn the distant
guns moved nearer on the horizon
Six enemy shells cracked into the
city, killing at least four people
and hitting a locomotive tender
in a rail yard.
BY daylight hundreds of refu.
gees were marching out and II
midmorning the provisional gov
ernment ordered all non-essentia
civilians to leave.
Long before the order was is
sued l looked out the window ano
saw the family below packing or
their backs the few belongings
left-the few utensils. bedding anc
some food. They struggled out
of the walled front and diSap-
peared in a line of refugees.
Population Doubles.
Taegu normally is city Of
about $4,000. 1t has swelled ir
six weeks to 100000 to 100000.
Soon it appeared as though thu
whole city was emptying itself
Refugees swarmed out by tht
scores of thousands southwark
as military columns roared north
ward. There was choking dust
noise and panic on every street
StorekeeperS boarded shop
against looters. Rickety truck
loaded with heavily armed native
police cruised about wildly Il
guard against any guerrilla out
break.
There were such sights as:
A weary mother squatting by 6
telephone pole to suckle her wall
ing infant. A middle-ageC
man harneSsed between the shaft
of a heavily loaded wood-whee
oxcart and straining to pull it.
Fathers and mothers carrying al
that was left of home in bundles
upon their backs and heads anC
pulling weary children along By
the hand. A naked lost boy
sitting all alone in a chair witt
childish terror in his face.
Panic Lasts IA Hours.
The panic lasted from IL am
until about l pm. Then the
hot sun and WEAKNESS slowed
the pace. BY midafternoon the
frenzy had died down. Many
refugees who had wandered about
aimlessly turned around and went
tiredly back to their homes.
1 hitchhiked on q native fire
truck going back to my billet
from a visit to forward combat
post. The truck :topped to pick
up a drunken policeman waving
a half-empty brandy bottle anc
got off and walked the rest
of the way.
When l looked out the window
1 saw the family below struggling
back through their gateway. One
small boy looked up at me.
threw him pieces of chewing gum
He picked them up and salutec
smartly.
1t is getting on toward dusl
now. The mother is preparing
the evening meal. The panic il
over. The city is still safe anc
there is peace again in the home
beloW-at least for another night
Evening star., 1950-08-18
u. 5. Officials Study
French Finance Plan
For European Pact
By the AsSocioted Press

PARIS, Aug. 18.-United States
officials today studied French
proposals for a multi-billion
dollar central financing agency
for the Atlantic powers defense
against Russian attack.
A memorandum suggesting an
Atlantic treasury" to pay the
12-poWer rearmament costs was
delivered to Ambassador David K.
Bruce.
The French note was in re-
sponse to recent American prod
ding for details on what the Paris
government intended to contrib
ute to the Western effort. 1t
supplemented previous French
message that France planned to
spend about $11 billion for mill
tary purposes during the next
three years.
The latest memorandum
sketches the creation of central
lied groups by the pact members
to direct financial. military. and
political affairs, according to a
high authority. Copies are being
sent to Atlantic Alliance officials
who are to meet next week in
London.
Also in preparation, but not yet
ready for delivery, is a French
plan for a so-called Atlantic loan.
1t envisages sale to the public OF
loan shares, issued jointly by the
II Atlantic pact signers, to help
finance military preparations
Such funds would be above and
beyond those expected as loans
and grants from the sUnited
States.
Evening star., 1950-08-18
u. 5. Propaganda Uni
Set Up TO Fight Reds
In GIobaI Campaign
By the Associoted Press

The Government yesterday Gre
ated a psychological warfare high
command to direct this Nations
global propaganda fight with So
Wet Communists.
Secretary of State Acheson will
supervise the intensified new pro-
gram.
The board will devise propa-
ganda and counterpropaganda
strategy and the various means
radio, leaflets and the like-to
carry it out.
Establishment of the agency
was announced by the State De-
partment. Formally named the
National Psychological Strategy
Board" the organization will op-
crate under the general supervi-
sion of Mr.. Acheson, with Assistant
Secretary Edward w. Barrett as
chairman.
Mr.. Barrett is a former news
reporter and editor. He also served
with the Office of War Informa-
tion (OWD during World War II
Also represented on the board
are the Defense Department. Eco
nomic Cooperation Administra-
tion and the National Security
Resources Board.
The board will have a regular
staff of military men. diplomats
and foreign economic and political
experts.
The creation of the board ap-
parently reflects a decision on the
part of top Government officials
that the conflict with Russia has
now reached a stage of such fierce
ness that constant attention tc
American propaganda strategy is
needed.
Evening star., 1950-08-18

delphia biochemist who pleaded
guilty to an espionage charge.
In New York yesterday a Fed
eral Grand Jury returned es-
'pionage conspiracy indictments
against Julius Rosenberg, 33, for
mer War Department Engineer,
his wife. Ethel, IS, and Anatoli H.
Yakolev, former Russian vice con-
sui in New York. Yakolev left the
country in 1946 and is now be-
lieved to be in Russia.
TIL indictment also named as
co-conspirators, Gold, Mrs. Rosen-
berg'S brother, David GreenglasS,
%, and his wife, Mrs. Ruth Green
glass, 26.
Alfred Dean Slack, A, a chem
iSt. was arrested in Syracuse as
one of the conspirators. Justice
Department agents said he ad-
mitted giving Gold samples of a
secret high explosive. He worked
at Oak Ridge during the war.
Others Indicted.
GreenglasS, who was stationed
at the atom bomb project at Los
Alamos as an Army sergeant, has
been indicted in New Mexico on
charge of passing defense secrets
to a foreign agent.
In an earlier indictment the
New York grand jury named
Semen Semenov. Amtory Trading
Corp. employe. as one Of the spy
conspirators. He is now in Rus
sia.
In the indictment returned
yesterday the grand jury alleged
that in November, 1914, the Ros-
enbergs gave Mrs. Greenglass $500
which she took to her husband
in Los Alamos. Later when the
sergeant came home on leave the
RoSenbergs conferred with him,
it was said. Greenglass was given
the torn top of a jello box and
told that the other half would
identify an agent who would
preestn it at Los AlamoS. The in
dictment stated that Gold pre-
sented the torn half of the box
top to Greenglass when he went
to Los AlamoS a short time later
Fifth Avenue Meeting.
The grand jury further charged
that on January 10, 1945, Rosen-
berg introduced Greenglass to an
unidentified man on Fifth avenue
in New York.
Two days later Rosenberg and
Greenglass conferred and the
latter gave Rosenberg a paper
containing sketches of expert
ments conducted at Los Alamos
the indictment charged.
The grand jury did not discuss
the role of the unidentified man
to whom Rosenberg introduced
Greenglass or touch on Sobell's
alleged role in the conspiracy.
The grand jury instruction that
Mrs. Greenglass not be prosecuted
although she was named as CO.
conspirator was not explained. At
the Federal Court building in
New York it was indicated that
Mrs. GreenglaSs might appear as
q prosecution witness,
Evening star., 1950-08-18

The Capitol Plaza pool was a
mass of little boats yesterday when
the District Recreation Depart
ment sponsored a model boat re-
gatta.
Winners in the contest were:
Subjunior claSs-Yo Yo Wang OF
Hearst Playground took all three
prizes in the class of sailboats for
appearance, workmanship and
design. Victor Rosenberg, Powell
Playground, won first place in the
mechanical boats class for appear
ance, workmanship and design.
For paddle boats, Charles Cliff,
Hearst. won for appearance;
Ralph Moody, Hearst, for work.
manship and design, and Charles
Martin. Hearst. for performance.
Junior class-Sailboats, appear
ance, Kenny Talbert, Anacostia;
Evening star., 1950-08-18
Byrd
Continued From First Page

continued From First PageO
telligence service the first basis
of our defense"
He said the war Russia is con-
Quoting against America is a war
of economic attrition. He said
a dozen sideline wars may occure
without Russia showing her hand.
She need not fire a Russian
gun or lose Russian soldier" he
asserted.
I'VE have committed ourselves
to these sideline wars"
Should Conserve Strength.
Declaring the time is coming
when the democratic people of the
world must fight those who be-
lieve in totalitarian government,
he said that when that time ar
riveS we must be strong. We must
not let our resources be depleted
in preliminary skirmishes, he
said.
The Korean situation has
opened up the whole question of
attempting to arm small nations
all over the world, when we have
no knowledge. no confidence that
they will fight when the time
comes.
Senator Byrd declared he does
not believe the European nations
can Withstand Russian invasion.
TO my way of thinking, the
only way to stop Russia's march
over Europe. when it starts, is to
keep in Europe from 3 million to
5 million American soldiers"
Asks If u. S. Is Willing.
A round of applause followed
this statement and then Senator
Byrd asked:
Are the American people
willing for an indefinite period to
keep that large a standing army
outside our continent?"
He termed the situation in For
mosa critical and said six weeks
ago the United States decided 1t
would stay out but now it has
changed its stand and has said it
will fight the Chinese communists
II they attack Formosa.
He said in this event the United
States might find itself in the
position of having as an enemy a
nation whcih had been recognized
by the United Nations. He pointed
Evening star., 1950-08-18
BY the Associated Press

GREAT LAKES. ILL.,, Aug. 18.-
A CT who survived Red firing
squad ordeal in Korea told his
story today.
Pfc. Madison T. White, 10. of
Burlington, w. Va, is one of 26
wounded men flown from the
battlefronts for treatment at the
Great Lakes Naval Training Sta
ton Hospital.
Pvt. White said he was taken
prisoner July 81 and stood up for
execution. He is alive because he
pretended he was dead when all
he got from the firing squad was
a bullet wound in the shoulder.
IT ran into a road block on
July 81 and was wounded in the
left leg" Pvt. White related. II
picked myself up and started out
on foot but I soon ran into an
other road block.
There were Americans with me
but they had to leave me because
Evening star., 1950-08-18
Spies

Continued From First Page)
ber l, 1910. until November 80.
l941. This was after Sobell left
the Seventh street address.
The records showed that he
shared the apartment with a Max
Elitcher.
Agents Talked With Fuchs.
The American spy ring roundup
began after the sensational dis
closure that DR.. Klaus Fuchs,
British atomic scientist who had
access to American secrets, had
been a Soviet agent. He was sem
fenced to IA years in a British
prison.
Shortly after his conviction,
Fuchs talked to Justice Depart
ment agents in London. When the
agents returned to this country
they arrested Harry Gold, Phila-
Evening star., 1950-08-18
Commercial Linens
Join Price Rise Purode

Rental rates for linen supplies
to some 4O,0O Washington area
BARRIERS, restaurants, hotels, doc
tors, dentists. beauty shops and
householders have been increased
because of rising wholesale prices
of cotton goods, it was announced
today.
Spokesman for the C. & c.
Service and American Linen Serv-
ice Co. said under the new sched-
ule apronts will increase from II
to 13 cents per rental. while
table cloths, uniforms and soda
fountain shirts will go up 5 cents
each.