davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-06-12

the top Of the list Of nations in
our security zone?"
No direct anSwer-Gen. Brad
| ley is expected to arrive in Japan
with Secretary johnson, the lat
ter on his first visit to that ma
ton, the day this article appears.
Decisions Are Unanimous.
The chairman of the Joint
Chiefs did not answer the next
question:
What military mind. or COM
bination of minds, runs the de-
fense organization2"
Col. Clifton, his chief aide, said:
The boss military mind. of
course. belongs to Gen. Bradley.
But all basic decisions are made
by unanimous agreement of the
four Joint Chiefs-and Secretary
johnson. They are served by a
big staff of experts. a joint staff
of officers, consisting of $50, who
deal only with joint problems. All
are graduates of the Armed Forces
Staff College at Norfolk or the
National War College in Wash
ington. They are divided into
three groups of so, representing
the three services - Army, Air,
Navy-except that in the last one
sixth are Marines, who naturally
come under Navy.
Work Is Split Up.
mo problem is handled by one
man: but by so teams of three
each, who have their three desks
in the same room. They are iden-
titled by the names of colors and
color combinations, such as the
tan team. the brown team, the red
team, rainbow team. Without ap-
parent difficulty. the Joint Chiefs
and Secretary johnson appear to
know what each team is doing.
"A large amount OF team work is
concentrated on about 80 per cent
of the paper that comes over Gen.
Bradley's desk that is labeled
'State-defense' which means that
the subject matter must be han
died and decided between our
Evening star., 1950-06-12
Plan for Defense
(Second OF a sertes.)
By Wythe WiIIioms
North American Newspaper AIIioncs

Gen. Omar Bradley. chairman
| of the Joint Chiefs of Staf
Gen. Collins and Vandenbere
for Army and Air Force. anc
Admiral Sherman for Navy
once commanded the largest mill
tary force in history: 1.3 million
men, more than twice the size OF
the Grand Army of Napoleon.
Although Gen. Bradley now sits
in Pentagon splendor equal to the
quarters of Secretary johnson but
of lesser magnitude. the uni
formed force under his command
has dwarfed considerably. 1t
now consists of two aides, one
Wac and one Wave. But the gen.
eral is quite content, albeit not
overly serene. and his army
works overtime more often thar
not.
Pentagon is accustomed to long
hours. Secretary Johnson. Gen.
Bradley and most of the top brass
arrive at 8 am. and frequently
carry on until Z o'clock in the
evening.
Hold Secret Sessions.
The Joint Chiefs go into secret
session every Tuesday at 10 am.
and work until l o'clock, when
they eat a light luncheon in their
private dining room with Secre-
tary johnson present.
Afterward, they go at it again
until nightfall. On Wednesdays,
they review the records of the
previous day in their individual
quarters. but on Thursdays the
quartette is again in session, with
the same routine. The other
"free" days and frequently the
weekends they fill in by studying
problems coming UP for decision
the following week-or sooner.
Sometimes they travel afield to
meet the public and make
speeches.
1CI1. ol dO1Cy OC1A1 do S4ld41
man of the Joint Chiefs expires in
another year, when. according to
present plan, he will be followed
by a general of the Air Force or a
Navy admiral. According to the
Pentagon grapevine, Gen. Bradley
will be happy to take a long vaca-
ton.
Won't Answer Question.
AS of the present, however, the
chief military figure at the Pen
tagon, attended by his minuscule
army, is concerned not solely with
the problems of our defense in
case of war. He also devotes much
of his energy to economic prob
lens and international relations.
How long will peace last. or
when will war come? That is, of
course, the basic question in the
majority of minds. Omar Brad
ley, in his role of military top
man, will not answer that one.
But the feeling, the deep con-
viction based on superior k1owl-
edge is definite, and it is the same
throughout the Pentagon: Namely
Evening star., 1950-06-12
BrodIeys Staff Isn't Taking Any Chances on Security

that barring some unforeseen anc
idiotic accident that would ignite
the fires, a shooting war cannot
start within the next two years
| But the word accident is stressed
not incident.
If the peace lasts two years
what then?
According to the prevailing Of
ficial-but still unquotable-feel-
ing, if peace can last two years
it might keep on lasting, ana if il
endures another 10 years the pres
ent opposing ideologies may then
have harmoniZed SO that the
planet earth can revolve indef1-
nitely in an era of prosperity
happiness and peace.
Defense Area Is Huge.
However, the unanimous voice
of the Pentagon. official and quot
able. declaims what utter fools we
would be if we were to leave any,
thing to prayer or chance.
What now constitutes the
United States of America in de-
fense terms?"
The reply to this question was
definite and quotable. 1t may
either bewilder or bestir those
Americans who still think of this
Nation narrowly confined sideways
between oceans, with friendly
neighbors north and south. Here
is the reply as outlined by the
chairman of the Joint Chiefs:
I'm defense terms. the United
States now embraces Japan, the
Philippines. Alaska, Greenland,
Iceland, all of North, Central and
South America, the islands of the
Caribbean, Western Europe, Eng
land, Ireland, the Azores. Over
this vast portion of the world, the
responsibility of guardianship is
now largely in our hands. We Ger
talnly have grown up, whatever
our feeling on the subject may be,
and growing down again is an
utter impossibility. We can't draw
in from any part of this terri
tory"
How about Japan, placed at
Evening star., 1950-06-12

selves and the State Department
Secretary johnson also calls on
other policy forming organiza-
tions-the Munitions Board under
Hubert Howard, and the War Pro-
duction Resources Board under
Stuart Symington, both with big
organizations and plenty to do.
And so. you see, the combined
findings of these various meet
ings of the minds finally are
threshed out and simmered down,
until from the Department Of De-
fense. they become the policy Of
Government"
Evening star., 1950-06-12
Koreo Gets ECA Allotment

SEOUL, Korea, June IL (P.-
Approximately $25 million in
United States Economic Cooper
alton Administration funds was
released yesterday to the Repub-
lie of South Korea. A government
announcement said the funds
would be used mainly for bridge
and railway construction and
flood control.
Evening star., 1950-06-12
Gyat3QzZzz
MANY never
SUSPECT CAUSE
OF BACKACHES

As we get older, stress and strain, over.
exertion, excessive smoking or exposure to
cold sometimes slows down kidney func-
plain of nagging backache, loss of pep and
energy, headaches and dizziness. Getting
up nights or frequent passages may result
from minor bladder irritations due to cold,
dampness or dietary indiscretions.
If your discomforts are due to these
causes, don't wait, try Doan's Pills, mild
diuretic. Used successfully by millions for
over so years. While these symptoms may
often otherwise occur, it's amazing how
many times Doan's give happy relief -
help the Is miles of kidney tubes and filters
Evening star., 1950-01-31

Cocktail parties are uery pop
ular. Mrs. Posts leafet, E-26,
suggests the inDitation, the time
and Dhat to SerUe. To obtain a
copy send cents in coin and a
stamped, self-addreSSed enUe-
lope to her, care The EDening
Star, P. o. Bon SO, Station G,
NeD York 10, N. Y. Mrs. Post is
sorry she cannot answer per-
Sonul mail.
Evening star., 1950-01-31
International
Wedding in
Panama

The El Salvador Ambassador
and Sonora de Castro went to
New York today and will sail
tomorrow for Panama. They are
accompanied by their daughter,
Senorita Maria Teresa Castro and
are making the trip for the we'd
ding of Senor Benjamin Ricardo
Castro, son of the envoy, and his
wife.
Senor Castro will join his par
ents and sister in Panama over
the week end, making the trip by
plane, and his marriage to Seno-
rita Maria Teresa Barraza will
take place February II.
Invitations were received in
Washington last week for the
wedding. The cards, following the
European form, were issued by
the parents of the bride and bride
groom and following the marriage
benediction in the Church of
Christ the King in Panama City,
the brides parents, Senor Santi-
ago E. Barraza and Sonora de
Barraza, will be hosts at a recep-
ton in their home, via Espana IT..
Senor Barraza is former Panama
Ambassador to Great Britain and
although with his family he has
visited in this country he has
held no diplomatic post here.
Senor Castro and his bride will
live in Washington where he will
practice law, having completed his
studies for his masters degree
at the Law School of Georgetown
University this week. His brothers
also live in Washington, DR.. Hec-
tor David Castro, a practicing den-
tist and DR.. Alexandra Castro,
physician. All are graduates of
Georgetown University and have
spent most of their lives in Wash
ington. Their father first came to
this Capital as an Attache of the
Legation and has served tours of
duty as secretary and counselor
as well as Minister and in August,
1945, became Ambassador.
Evening star., 1950-01-31
House
And Embassy
Tour inApriI

The ninth annual House and
Embassy Tour for the benefit OF
the Washington Home for In
curables has been set for Satur-
day afternoon, April 8, and will
be the first in this springs series
of tours.
Mrs. Paul B. Magnuson,' wife of
the medical director of the Vet
Grams Administration, is general
chairman for the tour and Mrs
Lloyd B. van de Linda has been
chosen vice chairman.
Other members of the commit
tee are Mrs. Edward r. Finkens-
Caedt, Mrs. Raymond E. Lee, Mrs.
Gordon R. Young. Mrs. William S
Farr, Mrs. Emerson Bigelow, Mrs.
William L. Ritchie, Mrs. Garrison
Norton. Mrs. Harold H. Burton,
Mrs. Eric A. Johnston, Mrs. And
rev S. Keck. Mrs. Henry H. Porter,
Mrs. Daniel Blain, Mrs. James
Spear Taylor, Mrs. Robert Grit
fin, Mrs. James Orr DENLY, and
Mrs. Bruce Grimm.
Mrs. Magnuson has been acti-
vely interested in the work of the
Home since she has been in Wash
ington, and served on the. tour
committee for the past few years.
AS in past years, there will be
ten of Washington's beautiful
embassies and private homes open
to the public for this one day
only. Tea and refreshments will
be served at one of the places, a
complete list of which will be an
nounced at a later date.
Through the medium of this
tour. the public is given an op-
portunity to become acquainted
with this worthy cause, as we'll as
to avail itself Of the rare chance
to see some of the finest show
places along embassy row.
The Washington Home for In
curables is located on Upton street,
near Wisconsin avenue. The tour
is the one benefit it sponsors
each year to raise funds to sup
plement the endowments for main
tenance.
Evening star., 1950-01-31
Emily Post

A letter from an old-fashioned
reader: True womanhood sup
posedly possesses such desirable
inherent qualities as loveliness
and refinement. Women generally
don't seem to care any longer for
the uplifting influence they should
be in human society. Certainly
they can't think themselves lovely,
sweet, fragrant or refined, in
haling and eXhaling smoke. I'd
greatly appreciate a public ex-
preston from you on this subject -
Unless we prefer to spend our
lives in complete loneliness, there
is. I'm afraid, little we non-
smokers can do. In my own house
and in certain very few houses
of my friends who, like myself, do
not like smoke, it is possible to
live in fresh air most of the time.
On occasions. however, we would
pay far too big a price in the lost
companionship of the majority of
our friends were we to conf1ne our
guest list to non- smokers. Un-
happily for such as we, the custom
of smoking is becoming more
widespread.
AS I've written, the situation
of those who dislike the smell
of smoke is like that of the pig
baby choking from the pepper in
Alice in Wonderland" who is told
he can thoroughly enjoy the
pepper when he pleases."
Young Brother as Best Man
Dear Mrs. Post: Is a 16-year- old
brother too young to serve as best
man? Also, would he wear striped
trousers and cutaway at a four
o'clock wedding the same as the
older groom and ushers?
Answer: Sixteen is very young
Evening star., 1950-01-31
Minister'S
Daughter
IsEngoged

The Austrian Minister and Mrs.
Ludwig Kleinwaechter have an
nounced the engagement of their
younger daughter, Ebba, to DR..
Herbert Schober, secretary of the
legation. The formal announce
ment was made at an informal
buffet supper Sunday evening
which the envoy and his wife
gave in their charming legation
on Massachusetts, avenue. The
guests numbered about fifty and
included the great Austrian COM
poser. DR.. Paul Hindemith, now a
professor at Yale University. DR..
Hindemith, a famous virtuoso of
the viola also is violinist, and
gave a short program of music
accompanied by Mr.. Paul Gallo
way, organist and choirmaster at
the Washington Cathedral of St.
Peter and st. Paul.
Miss Kleinwaechter was grad
uated from Albertus Mangus Col
lege in Connecticut with the class
Of 1948 and pursued her studies
in chemistry at Johns Hopkins
University. More recently she has
been student at Catholic Uni
versity.
DR.. Schober is the son of Herr
Rudolf Schober, assistant secre-
tary in the Ministry of Com
merce and Reconstruction in Aus
tria and Frau Schober. The bride
groom elect is native of Inns
bruck in the Austrian Tyrol, and
was graduated from the Medical
School at the University of
Vienna. His post at the legation
here is his first foreign assignment
to which he came the middle of
| last wear.
Evening star., 1950-01-31
Society News
Reception Celebrates Australia Doy;
Diplomatic Corps Gay With Parties
na KeALA
BY Katharine M. Brooks

The Australian Ambassador and
Mrs. Norman j. o. Maxim gave
the second of their parties to cele-
brate Australia Day yesterday
when they entertained about 25C
guests between S and 7 o'clock
The embassy was bright with
early spring blossoms but the ma
tional flower, waffle, which is like
mimosa of this country. was miss
ing and also the crayflsh tails
which is Australian lobster. Both
of these added to the pleasure OF
the buffet luncheon last week, for
which they were flown from the
continent down under. 1t was i'm
possible to get a fresh supply
from Australia in time for yester-
days party.
The Ambassador and Mrs
Maxim received in the library, the
hostess wearing Wedgewood blue
crepe which matches the blue OF
her eyes. The dress is street
length and the bodice has
a beaded yoke. Having invited
the heads of diplomatic missions
and members of the Cabinet and
the Supreme Court to the first
party that yesterday was more o1
a family affair. The guests in
cluded the Speaker of the House
Representative Sam Rayburn, and
the leader of the minority, Repre-
sentative Joseph w. Martin, jr.
former Speaker. Others from the
Congress were Senator and Mrs
Leverett Saltonstall, Senator and
Mrs. Homer Ferguson, Senator
and Mrs. Paul Douglas, Senator
and Mrs. Clinton Anderson, Sena-
tor Margaret Chase Smith, Senator
and Mrs. George D. Aiken and
Senator and Mrs. Joseph c. O'Ma-
honey.
There were several members OF
the Little Cabinet at the party
but the majority of the guests
we're personal friends in resident
circles and large number OF
Australians living in Washington
DR.. Charles Sower, professor of
law at the University of Canberra,
who arrived in Washington early
yesterday also was present.
Swedish Officers Feted
The officers of the Swedish
training ship Gotland were the
guests for whom the Swedish Am
bassador and Nine. Bohemian en-
tertained at dinner last evening.
The ranking guests were the Sec
retary of the Navy and Mrs.
Francis P. Matthews, and Capt
S. o. Rosenberg, in command of
the ship, and his aide, Comdr. S.
M. G. Hammar, were in the COM
pany.
Others invited were the Deputy
Chief of Staff and Mrs. Arthur D.
Struble, the Commandant of the
Potomac River Command and
Mrs. Glenn B. Davis, who earlier
in the day were hosts to the Wis
itors at cocktails in the Officers
Club at the Naval Gun Factory:
Evening star., 1950-01-31
Miss Williams Wed
7oDr. Hinn10n

Miss Alice Frazer Williams,
daughter of Mrs. Frank Edward
Williams of Rockville and the
late Mr.. Williams, was married
Saturday to DR.. Alanson Hinman,
the wedding taking place in the
Rockville Presbyterian Church
with the Rev. Richard K. White
of Scranton, cousin of the bride
officiating. The Rev. Howard C.
Cobbs, pastor of the church, as
sisted.
Mr.. John Brook Jackson of
Detroit, uncle of the bride, gave
her in marriage and she was at
tended by Mrs. Frank Edward
Williams, jr., of Rockville. DR..
Moulton K. johnson of Rochester,
N. Y, was best man for the
bridegroom, who is the son of
DR.. and Mrs. Frank Hinman of
San Francisco and Woodside,
Calf.
Following a trip to Bermuda
the couple will return to Bal
timore to live while he is doing
graduate work in pediatrics at
Johns Hopkins Hospital.
Evening star., 1950-01-31

Announcement is made by Mr.
and Mrs. Daniel C. Carey of New
York of the engagement of thei,
daughter. Miss Virginia Carey Of
Washington, to Mr.. John Hahn
son of the late Mr.. John Hahn
of Philadelphia and Mrs. Peter
Hahn Muth.
Miss Carey attended Riverdale
Country School for Girls in New
York and was graduated from
Wells College.
Mr.. Hahn, who served during
the war in Washington and over
seas, is a lieutenant colonel in
the Army Reserve. At present
he is a student at the Babson
Institute for Business Admins
tration in Wellesley Hills, Mass
The wedding will take place
in June.
Evening star., 1950-01-31
In the News

Col. William F. Volandt, U.S.A.F.,
retired, and Mrs. Volandt, of Wash
ington. are visiting Maj. Gen.
Ralph F. Stearley, Commanding
General of the 14th Air Force.
and Mrs. Stearley at their quar-
ters at Robins Air Force Base, Ga
Mrs. Stearley is the daughter of
Col. and Mrs. Volandt.
Evening star., 1950-01-31

Miss Stella Karapiperis, daugh-
ter of Mrs. Argyris Karapiperis,
and Mr.. Charles Papuchis, son of
Mr.. and Mrs. John c. Papuchis of
Peabody, Mass, were married
January Is in Sts. Constantine
and Helen Greek Ortiz odox
Church, the Rev. Thomas Daniels
officiating.
Evening star., 1950-01-31
Enqoqed to Marry

Mr.. and Mrs. w. Earl Edgar Of
Denver, Colo, formerly of WASH
ington, announce the engagement
of their daughter, Marilyn, to Mr..
Thomas H. Gribben, jr., son Of
Mr.. and Mrs. Gribben of Mount
Rainier.
A late summer wedding is
planned.
Evening star., 1950-01-31

to serve as best man, but if he is
tall that would make a great
difference. Also, I think he prob
ably would look better in a very
dark blue sack coat with matching
trousers than a cutaway.
Housewormine or Open House
Dear Mrs. Post: Will you please
tell me the difference between o
housewarming and an open house2
Is one in better taste than the
other when showing off a new
house? ~
Answer: Open house means that
you go through the house and
look at it; housewarming means
the first party given in a new
house.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-12-21
Mincemeat Pie Has Traditional
Christmas Season Background

seasoned with spices. Fruit, chiefly
currants, was added, and probably
because the dish was regarded as a
sweet, the fruit content was gradu-
ally increased until mincemeat be-
came a mixture of fruit and spices,
with or without the addition of meat.
The whole world has part in the
making of a mince-meat pie, ac-
cording to the American Bakers As
sociation. There are lemons, citrons,
and oranges from Florida and Cali
fornia; apples from half dozen
states; currants from Greece; rails
ins from the Pacific Coast; sugar
and syrups from Louisiana and
Cuba; suet from the Middle West
spices from far-away Ceylon; and
other ingredients from far and near.
BY and large, mince-meat pies
have not changed noticeably since
those early days when New England
cooks began preparations for max.
ing the mincemeat week in advance
of the actual pie baking
History, tradition, and its owl
merits have made mince-meat pit
one of the most interesting of al
food products-rightfully occupying
it's place of honor at the Yuletidt
feast.
AS Samuel Pepys stated in his fa
nous diary about his 1862 Christ
mas dinner:
eve had, besides a good chine oi
beef and other good cheer, eighteer
mince-meat pies"
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-12-21
RichLa1,d Farmers
Get Sheep Claims

Three Richland township farmers
were among Il from Allen county
who received payment on claims for
livestock killed and injured by dogs
during the last three months.
Among the payments allowed last
week by Allen county commissioners
were 1929 to Alfred Kaufman, Rich
land, for 10 animals killed and five
injured; Stanley Bixel, Richland,
got $3.50 for eight killed, and Gene
Suter, Richland, received $140 for
seven killed.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-12-21

A wealth of tradition is covered
by the crust of the Yuletide mince-
meat pie.
Although few people today know
it, the pie represents the cradle of
the Christ Child surrounded by the
gifts of the Magi. 1t was made
originally in oval form, to symbolic
the cradle, and the varied ingred-
tents were the gifts.
At one time mince-meat pie was
banned, and at still another time in
its history, it was the cause OF
Christmas itself being abolished for
brief period.
For many years in England dur,
ing the time of Oliver Cromwell, the
custom of feasting and drinking al
Christmas was regarded as worldly
| and sensual, and the more strict
Puritans refused to eat mince-meat
pie during the holiday season. This
prejudice was finally overcome after
the Restoration.
In the New World, during thu
first half century after the Pilgrims
arrival at Plymouth, similar troub
les caused the banning of mince
meat pies and Christmas. In 1859
and for several years thereafter
there was no Christmas in New
England as result of an argument
over the shape and meaning o.
mince-meat pies. Eventually the in
dignation spent itself, and the bar
was lifted.
A pie which no other can ap
proach in the intricacies of its ere
alton, mince-meat pies original!
were made almost entirely of meat
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-12-21
Pandora Woman
Dies In Detroit

Mrs. Leah Lichty, ST, of Pan
dora, died Tuesday of last week at
the home of a daughter, Mrs. Luella
Fahnche, with whom she was visit
ing in Detroit.
A brother, Peter Geiger, live in
Bluffton, and survives with the
daughter in Detroit and a son, Clar-
ence Lichty, Leipsic. Her husband,
David Lichty, whom she married in
1917, is dead.
Funeral services were held last
Saturday in the Lehman funeral
home in Pandora. Burial was in
Pleasant Hill cemetery.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-12-21

If present international situation
should become a full scale war, total
defense effort with more rapid man.
power mobilization, quick conversion
to arms, civilian production cutback
and earlier and more stringent con-
trolls would have to replace present
plans.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-12-21
In MemOriam

Mrs. Henry Habegger passed away
December %, 1949.
"Tis beautiful to be with God.
There is home not made with hands,
Beyond the golden door,
Awaits the one who is away,
Not lost, just gone before;
There is a home not made with hands,
A place for us and when he calls,
We will meet our loved one there
The Habegger Family
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-12-21

Greeting card publishers
different religious Christmas be
this As in the cards millions the
greetings the familiar
Shepherds and Wise Men to manger While many
Yue cards traditional Biblical passages
their messages with joyous quotations from the Psalms
Modern religious writers quoted especially
lips Brooks of Boston whose poem beginning
where everywhere Christmas tonight repeated favors
amongst the reverent Christmas greetings
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-12-21

United States with a carrying
capacity of 81 million sheep has
about 27 million head.