davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-12-11
Goren on Bridge

Inc brluge QulZ.
Q. Partner opens with four
spades and you hold:
AA6532 0A104 UK74 AIS
What do you bid?
A prompt pass is indicated. You
must remember that your partner lacks
the hish.card reauiremsnts for an open
enough to permit him to make 10 tricks,
snse sTs to hf t5rsa bid an overbd Of
@. 2-As South you hold:
AAKQ32 0A9542 06 A74
The bidding has proceeded:
South West North East
spade 2clubs Dbl. Pass
What do you bid now?
A;-This is . close call. We are nor
contracts when we have an an % UNNAMED d ave. U~
card major. but our defensive values are
20 good II that the penalty may be worth
suit holding were reversed we would lean
toward showing the hearts.
@. 3-You are South, have so part
score, and you hold:
~ IA % u v Nx ON4O o " v - ~ II AZ o d
The bidding has proceeded:
South West North East
heart Pass spade diamonds
What do you bid now?
a. A.--on the surface it would appear
that single raise to two spades. which
tue Fame mv tas
bid Of three clubs, and the reason is to be
found In the principle Of anticipation. In
e comee.s9e bid of rse isneeI
!hs sd reyerts. to YOU, You ,will Be IN CON
two diamend BID then m v When t the &c oppo- u
Pa ses nenn % hd y4p viii be IN
In this way you win have exhausted the
possibilities Of all three suits instead Of
restricting your chances to hearts and
spades.
@. +As South you hold:
Ats 0A10s63 uQ52 %984
The bidding has proceeded:
West North East South
aspades 3NT Pass :?
What do you bid?
A.-Relax and enjoy 1t. Be thankful
contribute to, partners heroic effort His
overcall OF three no-trump means exactly
what It says, a desire to play at that
bid. Your hand is well adapted to no.
trump play and q take-out to four hearts
is not in the least indicated. Pass. :
@. 5-As South you hold:
A10985 08 oQ73 AJ875
The bidding has proceeded:
North East South
l diamond Double
What do you bid?
A.-Your hand is not quite strong
enough to Justify q redouble. but imme-
diate action is indicated and the proper
call Is one spade, holding In reserve q
possible raise In diamonds If DEVELOPMENTS
MAKE sucn PIC osS.aPe p;Sdns pass sbs Topo Hs
come TOO involved before it next comes
1conyrisht. 1880. by Charles H. Goren.)
Evening star., 1950-12-11
o neat TRICK, ,

Yes sir. It's, a neat trick If it can be :
done, and there IS e place where It
repair Just about everythingl Luggage, r
handbags: zipp,srs; nylons; umbrellas .
burns and moth holes. They feature :
alterations and custom dry cleaning.
Cody's Seryicenter. 712 18th St. NV. r.
Located right in the heart Of down n
town! Phone ST. 7O9S for pickup and =
delivery. Mail orders accepted.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1950-04-13

producer of trademarked Jersey
Creamline Milk.
No matter what make of
mixer you now use a new
De Laval Magnetic Speedway
Mixer will produce more and
cleaner milk larger profits
;. better herd health .s.s.
greater time and labor savings.
NoWs THE TIME TO CHANCE TO !
THE NEW DE LAVAL |
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1950-04-13

And that is why Indian Spring
Farm, owned by MIR. and Mrs.
Charles w. Collier, at Darling
ton, Maryland, discarded their
previous make of mixer and
installed a new 16-unit De Laval
Magnetic Speedway.
The Indian Spring Jersey
herd is one of the oldest in the
country /. &. is the largest Jersey
herd in the world on complete
HIR test and the largest
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28
Check Candidates Record

The NAACP warns: For ten long years our maloi
political parties have repeatedly pledged enactment OF fEpC
antynchng antpoll tax and similar legislation. during
this period three presidential elections have been held i've
Congresses convened and hundreds OF federal statutes en-
acted But not single civil rights measure has been passed.
On November q 1850, millions OF Americans Will 60 70
the polls to elect 3 and 435 representatives. EVERY
CITIZEN OWES 1T TO HIS FUTURE TO VOTE. Every vote
is important The candidate you elect may cast the very vote
to save or kill measure vital to your welfare
Check these facts for yourself
Powell FEPC Bill. lost in the House Of Representatives
BY 43 votes.
PROCEDURE Barley ruling Lost in the Senate by votes
NAACP fight against segregated regional colleges com
pact: Won in the Senate by vote
Most Senator's and Congressman seeking reelection
Each should be judged the basis Of his past performance
Check the activity Of any candidate in support Of local
and state civil rights Weigh the record Of each Office
seeker carefully Be that he committed to sound
legislation with enforcement powers before cast your
ballot To avoid mistake, remember this; CANDIDATES
WHO REFUSE TO BACK PASSAGE OF EFFECTIVE
CIVIL RIGHTS MEASURES SHOULD BE DEFEATED AT
THE POLLS
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28
Oh, FREEDOM! oh, FREEDOM!
MoRLp cITlzENsHIP
BY
. CLIFFORD L. MILLER

BENJAMIN Franklin repued to have with
said every should ountrehs
France only hope the survival America resides
the Of the principles of the UN the time is for all
citizens citizenship the principles of the UN well
must share equally with international loyalty Our national life
within the DEATH international life the hope of
many aterialism is the beginning Of
fall The health the Of international cooperation
to outlaw wars EXPECTATIONS colonial empires and the multi
inequalities social system constitute chance to
live and strength
This qualifying citizenship transforming
sef-lovng selves into Mghmnded and
agnanmous who have wdened their boundaries take
in all friendly India died in l94 be-
the UN and before Roosevelt had promulgated the
Freedoms the needs of his counyand all countries
If they to be saved
Rabindranath Tagore u86oa4 prophet and poet has this
say of the goal Of Government:
Freedom claim you my Mother
land-fear, the phantom demon shaped by your dis
torted Dreams
Freedom ages bending your breaking
your back binding to the reckoning call Of the
Freedom from shaces suber wheewh you fasten your
self nights Stiffness mustng the star that speaks Of
truths adventurous path;
the anarchy destiny, whose sails weakly
yielded to blind uncertain winds, and the helm to hand
rigid and cold Death;
Freedom from the insult of dwelling puppets world where
started through branless wires repeated
through mindless habits where figures wait with patient
obedience for master to be stirred into moments mimi
cry Of life"
Gtana world citizenship which
will exa the soul in striving to attain
Where the mind without fear and he,head held high;
Where knowledge is free;
Where world up into fragments by
domestic walls;
Where words out from the depths of truth;
Where ireles striving stretches its towards perfection
Where the clear Of has not lost its into the
I dreary Of dead habit
Where the mind led forward by Thee into overwhelming
thought and action
Into that heaven Of freedom Father let country awake
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28
O'Banyoun's
Observations

A truly excellent program was
rendered, Thursday, Oct 10, at
Peoples Baptist Church, when
the Pastors Club presented Ina
Payne Braithwaite, pianist, and
Gladys Moore Perdue, organist.
The pair were the subject of
many commendable remarks by
a large audience. Both artists
added to the laurels already won,
and the audience sat spellbound
throughout. The instrumental
numbers were interspersed by
two baritone numbers by Her
bert Williams, who also charmed
with an excellent, sympathetic
voice. Daisy TONNES was chair
man of the committee. and Lii
liam Williams, president of the
Club.
Enthusiastic applause greeted
the Prince Hall Masonic Symph-
onic Band, last Sunday, as they
dispensed music which was de-
light to the ear Of the true music
lover, The multiple conductor
system seemed to work out beau
tifully, and is another example
Of the benefits Of a democratic
system, as compared to the one
man rule The AKA. Sorority
is receiving much commenda.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28
Charles ST. A.M.E. Church
Worren ST. 6 Elm Hill Ave
Rev. WoIfer c. Davis, Postor

Kew. WoIfer c. DuVis, Postor
Taking time to be grateful,
as evidenced by l of the 10
healed lepers";; Importance or
right thinking and effects Of
holding bitterness in our hearts,"
and at $40 p. M, as guest
preacher at Ebenezer, THE
poison of fear, and Gift of per-
feet love" formed the bases Of
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28

Rev. Davis exhortations on Oct.
% On their first public appear
ance the Simms Chorus acquitted
themselves excellently, directed
by Rev. Davis inspiring young
nephew. Mr.. David Atkins was
evening soloist with the Alpha
Chorus. Six young people, trained
in Methodism by the pastor, were
baptised and two young people
joined the church. The Ellisons
were welcomed alter successful
tour. William Harrison was
among local visitors. Forrest
Warden, student at Gordon Col
lege of Theology, speaks for C.. E.
Oct. 20. Stewardess Board No. 2
sponsors a Musical Tea, Oct. 80;
Chocolate Sip, Nov. 2; All-Star
Concert by Sisterhood, Nov. 20;
Articles of Religion every Tues
day. -Clarissa J. Holmes
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28

ton for presenting such an out
standing program. Robert Ches-
nut, the conductor, shared his
duties with John M Cooke, Sr.
and Raymond Sheldon, Soloists
were Shedric Wilkerson and
Joseph Nevis. Wagner, San
franck, Rossini, Chestnut,
Tschakowsky, Verdi and Dvorak
were the composers whose works
were played. Mrs. Rowena E..
Taylor is Basileus of the Psi
Omega Chapter which presented
the Band. DR.. M. C. Thompson,
general chairman of committee
Myrtle Henderson, charge of
Program, Olivia Solomons, CHI.
Of publicity, Miss Lorena Cuz-
zens, charge of tickets.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28
Boston Baked
sy MADE KoUNTzE

"Our problem is to defend freedom and to do this
in such fashion that we not, ourselves, suOcate
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28
Segregation For e0Fsd the ams the usA FIGHT

Eisenhower recently stated,
Americans may be in uniform
for many years, especially if we
have UNIT. And this means
civilian cooperation with camps
for many many years.
~ NJ &s
HUB PASTORS, working with
the Citizens Committee, will be
inviting servicemen to their
churches. Perhaps some will
come as Army choirs. Commun-
ity Centers, Settlement Houses,
clubs, private homes, will have
occasions to invite servicemen as
their guests. And what about the
holidays when boys in local
camps can't make the long trip
home? Does anyone doubt that
we all can help the boys in
Camp?
- - -
FREEDOMS DEFENSE is
large a matter of morale. Gen.
Eisenhower fears a deteriation
of such morale in Europe. 1t
must not happen here. We're
told that Brig. Gen. Colson is
from Charleston, South Carolina,
but is willing to intsgrate and
equalize recreation for all Devens
troops. The purpose of this move
is to boost troop morale. But
even more, the Devens COM
is asking Boston civilians
to work with him. Just as Lex
ington asked Major Jimmy Goss
to work with Lexington boys.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28
GEN. DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER.

ton Boys Club were preparing
their decision. The subject was
the same Indignation in recrea-
ton for young men. In one case
the young men wore U. S. Army
uniforms; in the other case, the
young men were members of q
civilian American youth group,
soldiers some day.
- - +"
FORT DEVENS, here in the
Bay State, has always been a
vital test location" for Army
troops from many parts of the
nation. All post commanders
have been fully aware Of the
fact. In recent memory, during
the last war, there were certain
problms which required civilian
cooperation. One of the most
celebrated cases was the con-
troversy concerning colored
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28
INMEMORLAM

1949 = October 81 - 1850
BESSIE TROTTER CRAFT
Somewhere back Of the sunset
Where loneliness never dies.
She HUeS in the land Of glory
Mid the blue and the gold
of the skies.
In everlasting remembrance by
HENRY X. CRAFT, husband
VIRGINIA CRAFT ROSE
ELLEN K. DIAMOND, daughters
MAUDE TROTTER STEWARD,
sister
RICHARD CRAFT ROSE
HENRY CRAFT DIAMOND,
grandsons
VIRGINIA TROTTER ROSE
MARY ELF. ELLEN ROSE
MARGARET TROTTER DAM
MOND
granddaughter
CHARLES G. STEWARD
JOSHUA R. ROSE
DONALD DIAMOND
brother-in-l Laws.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28
CIVIL RIGHTS WEEK

Presbytery will come. He would
like to welcome you all.
A former missionary to the
Leper Colony in Africa will speak
for the Missionary Society in
November. The exact date will
be announced in next weeks
notices,
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28

wAcs, The ladies requested
equal rights.
EDITOR TROTrER, when he
lived and fought the Guardian
fight for equal rights Indignation,
stressed the fact that the problem
should be worked at from both
sides" He envisioned fair mind
ed white leaders like those at
Lexington and the early aboli-
florists before them. He believed
in inter-racial cooperation, not
one-race-job.
BOSTON LEADERS, in past
situations, have been caught
woefully unprepared by the lack
of a joint working Citizens Com
mittee. AS a result, a "spokes-
man. for only one or two groups
sometimes went against majority
opinion on vital issues. But as
Steve Douglass stated last week
the servicemen in Army camps
are going to need the best civil
ian joint cooperation. A long
time committee may be needed,
perhaps beyond 1852.
~ - -
THE ARMY DANCES at Fort
Devens, the first scheduled for
Oct. 20, this Saturday night, is
only Incidental to the long range
program civilian Citizens Com |
mittee must tackle during the
many months ahead Let US not
minimize the objective. AS Gen.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28

LEXINGTON, one Of New
England's sacred citadels Of de-
mocracy, has once. again fought
freedoms fight, This time Lex
ington has scored in the Ameri-
can battle to integrate American
citizens, a contest which after
100 years since our founding,
still has a long way to go. A
colored veteran can teach young
America. He can teach the adults,
too. Major Jimmy Goss of Rox-
bury is a good choice for good
people.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28

BRIG. GEN. coLSoN, post
commander of Fort Devens, was
holding a conference on integra-
ton last week about the same
time the directors of the Lexing-
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1950-10-28
I'VE BEEN THINKING
bv CAR CAIIONNAY


Ezzard Charles fool when he went into that with
Joe Louis He knew that the folks still champ
despite all the hggedypggedy his
Ez glad of the opportunity prove
the champ.
Ezzard point rounds that followed but he
proved something when they handed mcrophone for
comment for his vocferous aims to be great
champ Joe Louis him friends
Carnegie books.
And that's all have say post mortem on the fight
except that in books Joe will always be champion and
I'm very proud to call friend
New York store is currently displaying tea
service valued at 100000 is fashioned gold
coffee pot valued at 000000 1t is fashioned
purchased at the dime store of money by my
makes better coffee than all those 10 karas whomp up
the South is living the lie of prejudice on COM
reflect that prejudice in their stories constantly shocked
by the omenng prejudice northern
of those in New York City, necessary label
a colored criminal as John Doe, Negro
Granted has its undesirabes any
race yet is rare that white criminal labeled according his
But it equally that colored commits
he is not pointed out by the press
Nothing gained by the parehthecal explanation
coored Nothing is added story
generated in ghtthnking mind than the story point
out that the Polish Balkan Nothing
is gained, but much is lost.
Because Of the repeated mentions of John Negro
Roe Negro c the public the impression that every
has criminal tendencies Actually
open to who would to investigate them which that
colored have little ganed crime
but the papers would have you believe differently.
All these mentions do to give "hatemongers the privilege
OF saying Told So and to unhnkng people added
prejudice If the editors would stop think it.
bunch they d stop the practice hope SO.
Evening star., 1950-10-01

force - has an ''inspectorate, /"
headed by a general, which pro-
vides teams of officers to see that
the system is being properly fol-
lowed. ....
The new training schedules is
sued by Gen. Clark's headquarters
stress speed and agility in the
training of infantrymen. The
plodding endurance marches ia
miliar to veterans of World War
II have been replaced by speed
marches which, incidentally. in
corporate much of the close-order
drill formerly confined to the COM
pany area.
Another marked departure is in
rifle training. The former stress
on firing at bull's-eye targets at
fixed ranges has been shifted to
combat firing. The first of the
new training schedules altogether
eliminated the round targets, but
they now have returned to provide
additional practice.
Initial and record firing. how
ever, is done on the 1,000-inch
range. This miniature layout,
used principally for machine gun
firing in World War II, reduces
the dimensions of the conven-
tional target range and provides
Evening star., 1950-10-01
By Brooks Mcclure

There is no assurance that masses
of well-equipped and trained AL
lied troops will give the United
States months to prepare after
any new aggression.
The need for utmost efficiency
in training was appreciated even
before the invasion of South
Korea. Early in June the Army
issued a basic six-week training
schedule which stressed integra-
ton of military subjects and phys
ical conditioning. This phase, in
turn, has been combined with the
eight-week advanced training so
there is no break in continuity.
In all subjects which can be
learned best by demonstration and
lectures on theory have
been reduced to a minimum. Only
the broad principles of infantry
squad tactics are explained, for
instance, and the rest is learned
while going through the PAGES on
the ground. And. at the same
time, range estimation, map read
ing. cover and concealment, fire
technique, camouhage and many
other subjects are worked in.
Thus military subjects are prop
erly related to each othE in ac-
Evening star., 1950-10-01

The Army is substituting action
for much of the talk in combat
training as 1t perfects its program
to build up a fighting force to
match the best any enemy might
put on the battlefield.
Endless lectures of the old days
are being replaced by trial-and-
error practice wherever possible.
and the rigid training schedules
used during much of World War
II have been discarded in favor
of a flexible program designed
to make toughened soldiers out
of yard-birds in IA weeks. New
men are introduced to the prac-
tical problems of fighting and
staying alive in combat almost
the day they start training.
Col. Philip r. Dwyer of the
training branch of the Army puts
it this way: THE emphasis in
training today is on application
of the skillS needed in combat.
The program has been stripped
of non-essentials and all time and
effort is devoted to teaching the
new soldier. what he must know
while hardening him up to meet
the extreme physical demands Of
combat"
This job, under present scHed-
Evening star., 1950-10-01
From Long Lectures to More Action in Combat Training

almost identical results. Its use
in many cases saves the time and
expense of building a full-sized
range.
After the men qualify with the
rifle, silhouette targets at irregular
ranges are used for training in
quick field firing and range es-
timation. Hip firing is stressed
and the old sitting position has
been eliminated as no longer of
value. The "non-essentials' of the
old training have been stripped
away and then men are being
taught what they will need most
when they meet the enemy.
Other significant changes from
the training schedules of 10 years
ago catch the veterans eye. There
Is Pathological and biological war;
fare defense and the firing of re-
coilless rifles, for instance, but no
conventional bayonet training.
More time is devoted to defense
against guerrillas and technique
of infiltration.
But the keystone of the pro-
gram is what will determine re-
suits. One officer put it in a
slogan: Keep them on their feet
and make them learn their job
the hard but sure way-by doing
it,"
Evening star., 1950-10-01

ules, takes minimum of IA weeks.
Six of these are devoted to basic
training and physical condition
ing, which is required for all in
ductees. The other eight weeks
are for branch training special
instruction in the particular arm
to which a soldier is assigned.
After completing this course, a
soldier is ready to go into combat
as an individual replacement. AL
lowing two extra weeks fol
processing, classification and ship
ping, he theoretically could be or
the firing line four months after
donning bis uniform. Actually
however, many men are assigned
to units in training where they
can expect to get up to nine more
months of advanced conditioning
and instruction before being avail
able to fight.
The problem, SO clearly demon
strated in Korea, is to train
American civilians in four months
to fight troops which might have
had years of military background
and even battle experience.
Catching up with the enemy is a
familiar headache for American
military planners. but today the
pressure is greater th>n ever.
Evening star., 1950-10-01

tual practice early in the soldiers
training. Much of the time for
merly spent sitting through lee
lures is used to give the soldier
a physical workout while more
realistically teaching him his busi-
ness.
The idea of subject integration
is not new, and was applied more
and more as the World War ii
training program progressed. But
its use was limited by a rather
rigid instruction schedule from
higher headquarters designed to
insure a uniformity of training
throughout the Army. Army Field
Forces training schedules still
specify the number Of hours to be
devoted to each subject, but wide
discretion is permitted unit COM
manders. so all possible practical
application can be wrung out of
each 24-hour training week.
Greater discretion at lower
levels of command tends to lessen
the uniformity Of training, how
ever, and Gen. Mark w. Clark,
commander of Army Field Forces,
has introduced check system.
Each Of the principal combat arms
infantry. artillery AM armored
Evening star., 1950-10-01

Britain. for instance, has long
had a very hot war on her
hands in Malaga. France is still
fighting major battles in Indo-
China. The Netherlands still is
paying for her fighting in Indo-
nesia. These battles get less
attention in the United States
than the Korean war.
The fact remains that United
States forces, with real aid
from the South Koreans, have
stopped the Korean Reds.
Even much of the aid which
has been offered is still in the
talk stage. The exact amounts
which have arrived in Korea
have not been made public in
most instances.
Some of the countries are
sending American tanks, air.
Evening star., 1950-10-01

On paper, the United Nations
forces fighting in Korea form
an impressive world force
against aggression. Thirty eight
nations have sent or offered aid
in the fight.
Actually the principal sub
stance behind the U. N. battle
is the troops and industrial
power of the United States.
Morally, even token aid from
the 38 nations is of immense
help in the cold war which &C
companies the Korean hot war.
And some of the aid sent is
large in comparison to the re-
sources of the nations sending it.
In some instances what ma
tions send is reduced because
those nations must meet other
hot phases of the cold war.
Evening star., 1950-10-01
ASIA AND SCUM pacific

planes and other things that
came out of American factories.
This often is a help. It is easier
to use Sherman tanks with 9TH
ers of their kind than with
tanks of foreign manufacture.
The same thing is true Of
planes.
China offered 10000 men, but
that offer was rejected for stra-
tegic reasons. Others have only
token forces to offer. The catch
is that war needs call for
trained soldiers, not just men.
Those trained soldiers have had
to come from the United States
and from South Korea.
The aid offered or sent by
nations outside the United
States and Korea in manpower,
navies and medicine are shown