davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-07-26
Tox-Credit Action
Suffices for Truman:
Baruch Asks More
Quick Freeze Urged
By Elder Statesman
On Prices, Pay, Rents
By the Associoted Press

Elder statesman Bernard Baruch
today called for all-out economic
mobilization of the United States
with a quick freeze on prices,
wages and rents.
Events have left us no choice, !"
he said. 1--WE have to mobilize"
Mr.. Barucn, the Governments
mobilization adviser in two World
Wars, urged quick action in testi-
mony prepared for the Senate
Banking Committee.
The Senators are weighing bill
to give President Truman limited
wartime controls in the present
emergency. These would not in
clude price control of any kind.
Mr.. Baruch's recommendations
included-but went far beyond
the Presidents requests. In his
statement, he referred to his for
mer calls for economic mobiliza-
ton. These led to differences be-
tween him and President Truman
Nr. Baruch has taken the position
that the President was not doing
enough for preparedness.
Demands Equal Treatment.
"Our aim should be to organize
the Nation so that every factory
and farm, every man, every dol
lar, every bit of material can be
put to use where it will strengthen
our defenses and fill the most es-
sential needs first" Mr.. Baruch
told the committee.
There should be equal treat
ment for all. All demands should
be kept in balance.
II propose that we organize our
selveS-all our resources of men.
money. materials and morale-so
that whatever happens-new ag-
gressions abroad, possible destruc-
ton at home-whatever happens,
the armed forces can get what they
need, when they need it, with the
least necessary dislocation of the
civilians"
Mr.. Baruch said America has
the choice of peace or butter
and the real danger is not Gov
ment control but military defeat
abroad and imitation at home.
Calls Current Bill Too Weak.
He told the Senators that the
current bill. while good in part
does not go far enough.
"The situation is sufficiently
grave to warrant an overall
ceiling across the entire economy
over all prices, wages, rents,
fees and SO on, with high enough
taxes to prevent prof1teering and
to pay all defense costs, and an
all-embracing, effective system of
priorities," Mr.. Baruch asserted.
He said the present bill, in
setting up priorities, would de-
feat itself by making no provision
for price control.
This bill is an invitation to
imitation" he said. "a system of
priorities without price control is
a foundation built on shifting
Many people. I realize, still
hope that the Korean crisis will
pass off without upsetting our
selves too much. This is a futile,
illusory hope. -.
Television VS.. Tanks.
when the recent war ended,
we Scuttled and ran, demobilizing
before the peace was won.
THE Soviet Union, though, kept
several million men under arms;
their munitions plants continued
to produce sizable quantities of
military weapons.
while we were stocking our
(See CONTROL Page A-4)
Evening star., 1950-07-26
Burma Reds Wreck Train

RANGOON, Burma, July 26 (P)
The government said today
Communists derailed a mail train
on a bridge near Rangoon, fired
on passengers trying to. flee the
overturned coaches and captured
several guards. The government
did not disclose the total number
Of casualties.
Evening star., 1950-07-26

johnson told the Senate Appro-
priations Committee. "It is cal,
to increase our strength in being
in order to enable us to support
the United Nations action in Ko.
rea and to build up our strength
elsewhere to meet the threat tc
world peace"
Mr.. johnson said the "over- al
combat potential of the armed
forces was at a higher level or
June 25-the day Southern Kores
was invaded by Communist forces
than "at any time since post
war demobilization was COM
pleted."
Other Defense Chiefs Appear.
The Secretary was accompanied
to the closed committee hearing
by most of the top defense lead
ers. These included Secretary o1
the Navy Matthews, Secretary OF
the Army Pace and the Joint
Chiefs of Staff-Gen. Bradley, the
chairman; Gen. Collins, Army
Chief of Staff; Gen. Vandenberg
head of the Air Force, and Ad-
miral Sherman, Chief of Naval
Operations.
Mr.. Johnson's statement was re-
leased to the press as the COM
mittee began full-scale review
OF the country'S military strength
and the cost of additional men
and material for combating Com
munist aggression in Korea and
possibly elsewhere.
The Secretary said the revised
military budget amounting to
$23.8 billion, would provide for
the cost of the Korean campaign
as we'll as "the early expansion
of the military forces to cope with
the present international situa-
tion."
S4.5 Billion for Air Force.
OF the supplemental estimate,
he explained, the Air Force would
receive $4,535 10000 the Army
$3,063 100000. and the Navy $2,-
649 100000. 1t also calls for $240
million for the establishment
See MILITARY, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1950-07-26
Reds Agree to Resume
Berlin Water Service
ky the Associcted Press

BERLIN, July 26.-Berlin's
municipal water system, split
when the Russian sector Commu.
nists shout off the flow to Alliec
West Berlin last month in a dis.
agreement over payment, is to be
reunited.
East and West negotiators an.
nounced today they had agreed or
q new scale of payments and all
other outstanding questions. The
Communist embargo had left one
populous section of West Berlin
dry.
Evening star., 1950-07-26

--~---~-~~~----~> $4,000
and may not be snort" he told
Congress in his midyear economic
message.
I'VE must prepare against the
possibility that other crises may
arise elsewhere. We must con-
tinue to recognize that both eco
nomic and military aid will be re-
quired for the further strength
ening of the free peoples of the
world"
The President said some sacri-
fees are called for and added
he is confident that the American
people are ready to do their part.
Tax Rise Just a Start.
He said that if business, labor
and consumers perform their
share, and if Congress gives him
the powers he has asked for, n
complete set of economic controls"
price and wage controls and ra-
tioning-will not be necessary at
this time.
He indicated clearly that the
SIS billion in increased taxes he
asked for yesterday are but a be-
ginning. He said that when the
extent of our new obligations are
more clearly determined it will bs
necessary Ito raise still additional
revenues"
Mr.. Truman mentioned spe-
ciflcally automobiles and housing
in detailing the necessity of re-
ducing civilian demand for prod
ucts that use critical materials
that already are in short supply.
In addition to directing curtail-
ment of Government financing Of
housing, which he already has
done. he said Congress should
grant the further authority to re-
strict real estate credit, particu-
larly privately financed loans.
No New Measures Asked.
Mr.. Truman recommended no
additional measures beside those
he has already sent to Congress
calling for credit controls, the
power to allocate scarce material,
taxes and other powers. He
stressed his reliance-at this time
-on taxes and credit controls to
curb imitation.
He asserted that the strong
condition of our economy assures
that production will move stead
lily forward. He said that pres
ent material and human re-
sources" can increase production
by as much as $40 billion by the
end of this year.
Under current conditions" Mr..
Truman said, I'VE face twofold
task: First, to get as much total
production as we can and, second,
to emphasize the right kind Of
production and the best utiliza-
tion of the product. -.
Increased production of the
right kind of goods will lessen in
flationary strains. If we allow in
f1ation to develop by failing to
take adequate measures, it will
cost us more to meet our military
requirements, and it will be more
difficult to maintain the smooth
functioning of the economic ma
chine and the high civilian eff
cheney and morale which are
foundations of our military
strength"
Imitation Warned Against.
The necessity of guarding
against imitation was stressed time
and again in the Presidents mes
sage.
He pointed out that because
production is so high now in
creased military outlays will pro-
duce inflationary pressures much
(See ECONOMIC Page A-4)
Evening star., 1950-07-26
Red Cross Named Agency
To Get Blood for Military
BY the Associated Press

The American Red Cross an
nounced today that at the request
of Defense Secretary johnson it
will become the official agency for
obtaining blood for the armed
forces.
Gen. George c. Marshall, presi-
dent of the Red Cross, said in a
letter to Mr.. johnson that the
organization is ready now to in
crease the output of its National
blood program to take care of the
armed services.
Evening star., 1950-07-26

captured Hadong, only 10 miles
by air west of the major American
supply port of Pusan, after furious
air strikes left the city ablaze.
Headquarters of the United
Nations commander in Tokyo, in
a release issued at 1880 am.
(10:50 am. Wednesday EDIT, said
the 1st Cavalry Division had re-
pulsed a number of North Korean
attacks on the Yongdong front in
the center of the defense lines.
The Reds hurled waves of tanks
and infantry in an effort to over
whelm the defenders.
FIanking Move Continues.
The 4th North Korean Division
was reported continuing it's viru-
lent fianking move along Korea S
west coast, while the Communist
5th Division was heavily en-
gagged" on the east coast, some
where south of Yongdok. Fresh
enemy forces-of undetermined
size-were spotted by American
pilots pushing south along the
east coast from Samchok, "a miles
north of Yongdok. to back up the
Red offensive on the extreme right
wing of the line. The battle was
within IS miles of the American
beachhead and supply port of
Ponang, where the 1st Cavalry Di-
vision landed one week ago.
Headquarters said mo alarm
was felt" over the f1anking move
of the enemy down Korea's west
coast because of the small number
of troops involved.
However, north and east of
Yongdong, where 1st Cavalry Di-
vision lines are under heavy pres
sure, the Reds were streaming
through mountainous passes at
Yongsan, Chongsan and Pongh-
wang Mountain. These were
eight, IL and % air miles respec-
lively north and east of Yong
dong.
Biggest Battle of Campaign.
The four-day battle in which
the Reds won Yongdong earlier
this week was the largest ground
battle of the campaign thus far,
with overwhelming pressure placed
on four game new American regi-
ments strung along a 25-mile
front.
In the Hadong battle, a 5th
Air Force spokesman said the city
was subjected to vigorous assault
by infantry and planes.
He said carrier-launched planes
attacked the central front.
The unconfrmed report of the
city's recapture might be the first
step by United Nations forces to
plug the gap in their shrinking
defense perimeter in Southeast
Korea.
NCuS apply C4uCCAC.
The Reds put the squeeze on
the United Nations front else
where today.
Besides seizing Hadong Tues
day-which they may have since
lost-they pushed the United
States 1st Cavalry farther away
from Youngdong threatened Pu-
san, vital United States south
eastern base, and gathered
strength for a running fight down
the road to Kumchon from Yong
dong. Yongdong was lost in the
biggest ground action of the war.
Despite these reversals, which
drew some pessimistic comment
from the war front in Korea, a
spokesman at Gen. MacArthur's
headquarters said yesterday the
(see KOREA, Page A-30
Evening star., 1950-07-26
Lote News
Bulletin

Senate Passes Teacher Bill
The Senate today passed and
sent to the House a bill liberal.
izing the District Teacher Sick.
leave Act, permitting sick leave
to be accumulated up to IS days
instead of the present so days.
Evening star., 1950-07-26
Wherry Urges Cutting
0fNon-Defense0ut|av
Before Raising Taxes
Says Trumun Will Get
Military Gosh Needed,
But Asks Budget Review
By J. A. O'Leory

Senate Republican Leader
Wherry today called for deeper
cuts in non military spending be.
fore Congress acts on President
Truman's request for S. billion
of new income taxes.
On the House side, Speaker
Rayburn approved the decision
Evening star., 1950-07-26
Monroney WaI|ops
Thomas by $4,000
In Oklahoma Race
Coe Springs Surprise,
Cuts Murroy's Leod
To Less Than 1000
By the AssSeioted Press

OKLAHOMA CITY. July 26.-
Representative Mike Monroney
walloped Senator Elmer Thomas
by more than $4,000 votes yester-
day in Oklahoma's bitter battle for
the Democratic senatorial nomi-
nation.
The defeat may have ended the
political career of the white
Evening star., 1950-07-26
Quick Approval Urged
By Johnson for New
Military Fund Request
He Says Combat Potential
Wos Highest on June Is
Since DemobiIizution
By Cecil HoIIond

Secretary of Defense Johnson
today urged Congress to give
speedy approval of a request for
$1o.486, 900, 900 in new military
funds to meet the Korean situa-
ton and promote world peace "by
deterring further aggression"
II want to emphasize this is not
a call for full mobilization, Mr..
Evening star., 1950-07-26
President Plans Full
Observation-Disclosures
Only If War Worsens
By Francis P. DouqIos

President Truman told Congress
today that higher taxes and cred-
it controls should suffice for the
present, but that if the present
Korean crisis develops more Sc
rious proportions he will not hesi-
tate to ask for complete econom-
ic mobilization.
I'VE must realize that the en-
gagement in Korea will be costlN
Evening star., 1950-07-26

Long Wins in Louisiono, MeMoth in
Arkansas and Riley and Dorm in South
Carolina. Pcse A-6
Evening star., 1950-07-26

TobIes Showing Tox Load on Corpora
tions end IndiHduois. pogs A-20
Text of Trumon Letter Asking for s.
Billion in New Taxes. Page A-2C
Evening star., 1950-07-26

Partial Text Of Truman, Midyeor Eco
nomie Report Poqe AS
Evening star., 1950-07-26
'Yonks' Lines Declared HOLDING
In Face of Continual Attacks;
Hodong Reported Recoptured
1st CovoIry HurIs
Korean Reds Back
With Heavy Loss
By the Associated Press

TOKYO, Thursday, July 81
Outnumbered American and
South Korean troops clung stub
bornly to defense positions yester-
day in the face of heavy pres
sure" along all fronts. Gen.
MacAthur's headquarters said to-
day.
A field report indicated that the
embattled defenders may have re-
Evening star., 1950-07-26

Red Logisties Good; Front Line Losses
Quickly Replaced. Poge A-3
Texts OF Official Reports on Fighting in
Korea. Page A-3
U S. Officer Reports Red Tanks Used
ciNilions os Human Shields. Poge AS
Evening star., 1950-07-26

President Signs Arms Aid Bill os Wornine
to Asgressors. Page A.;
Evening star., 1950-07-26

tsee STRATEGY, Page A.4)
Evening star., 1950-07-26

Continued on Page APO, Col. H.
Evening star., 1950-07-26

See MILITARY, Page A-3D
Evening star., 1950-07-26

(see ECONOMIC, Page A-4J
Evening star., 1950-07-26

fSee DOCTORS, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1950-07-26

(See OKLAHOMA, Page A-63
Evening star., 1950-07-26

Occasional rain late today and tonight
probably ending tomorrow morning. High
today. 78; low tonight 68. Fair tomorrow
afternoon. CFull Report on Page A-2)
Midnight, 73 am. --68 IL am. TO
2 am 10 am.-70 Noon 1T
am. st 10 am. -76 pm. .-76
Evening star., 1950-07-26

(See DEFENSE, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1950-07-26

(See KOREA, Page A-30
Evening star., 1950-02-08
Stamp Dealing Scheme Studied
As Con Came Involving official
No Charges Filed
As Harold Ambrose
Is Forced to Quit

Postal inspectors said today that
confidence game" angle is
figuring in their investigation of
a stamp dealing scheme which
forced the resignation of Harold
F. Ambrose as a special assistant
to the Postmaster General.
Mr.. Ambrose, a $10,000-a-year
official in the departments public
relations Office and an employe
there since 1888, quit January IL
at the request of Postmaster
General Donaldson, Mr.. Donaldson
disclosed.
The resignation of Mr.. AM
brose. whose wife is a niece of
the wife of Senator O'Mahoney,
Democrat, of Wyoming came in
connection with reports that he
offered to act as agent for out
side buyers of large blocks of
stamps. i
Investors put up a total of "at
least 100000 and losses might
have totaled almost $500, 900, Chief
(See AMBROSE, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1950-02-08
By james J. CuIIinone
sfar Staff Correspondent

NEW YORK, Feb. "a Gov
ernment girl who feels sorry" for
Judith Coplon took the witness
stand as a surprise Government
witness at the Coplon -Gubitchev
spy trial today.
The witness. Mrs. Margaret Nc
Kinney, tall, blond Justice Depart
ment secretary, told the jury try
ing Miss Coplon and Valentin
Guhitchev, Russian engineer, on
espionage conspiracy charges that
the attractive defendant obtained
keys to confidential Justice De-
partment files.
After Miss Coplon came under
suspicion as spy and was or
dered removed from her assign
ment as an analyst Of FBI re-
Evening star., 1950-02-08
No H-Bomb Defense
Likely, Senators Told
By Atomic Il: N Scientist
Dr.. Urey Says He Hopes
Weapon Won't Work,
But Fears 1t Will
By ]. A. O'Leory

Dr.. Harold c. Urey, one of the
scientists who made the atom
bomb, gave Congress a gloomy
picture today about the prospects
of developing an adequate de-
fense against the hydrogen bomb,
if that new weapon works.
Making an impassioned plea to
a Senate Foreign Relations Sub
committee to explore the plan for
a Federal union of Atlantic de-
mocracies, the scientist said he
still hoped the H-bomb will not
work, but expects it will.
He also predicted "a serious
this year to ALLEVIATE some
of the smaller nations of Western
Europe away from their Atlantic
Defense Treaty with the United
States.
To illustrate, he pointed out
how easy it would be to mine the
harbor of Copenhagen. and asked
the Senators what effect they
thought that would have on the
people of Denmark, one of the
treaty nations.
Urges Harbor Defenses.
He also cautioned this Govern
ment on the need for adequate
harbor defenses against the posi-
bility of new weapons being car
ried in tramp steamers.
Chairman Mcmahon of the
Joint Atomic Energy Committee
whether the proposed
Federal Union of the United
States with the democracies q
Western Europe would add any,
thing to the military strength
of the area If the United States,
the keystone of the union, should
be crippled first by a surprise
atomic attack.
DR.. Urey insisted an Atlantic
union would not make the prob
lem worse. On the contrary, he
said, it "offers a way of keeping
Europe with u.s."
Senator McMahon's argument
was that the Atlantic Defense
Treaty machinery for consultation
offers a chance to do much of
what the proposed Atlantic Union
would accomplish.
DR.. Urey said he has always be-
lieved it is necessary to keep apace
in the development of defense
including the new bombs,
but he warned the committee this
Evening star., 1950-02-08
Hunt Starts for CAT
Lost on Yukon Search
Ry The Assceiofed Press

WHITEHORSE, Yukon Terri
tory, Feb. 8.-Search planes
droned over the Arctic wastes
northwest of here today. looking
for possible fires or flares from q
missing Air Force CAT.
The CAT, carrying IL Canadian
and United States airmen. van-
ished yesterday while searching
for a C-54 transport which dis
appeared January 26 with A per-
sons aboard.
Search officials said SOS sig
nails from the CAT were picked
up last night on the $780, -kilocycls
distress frequency. Efforts to OBJ
tain a fix" on them were fruit
less. Ground radio posts in the
area were ordered into a 24-hour
alert.
The signals repeatedly were diff
ferent from those heard earlier
in the day by planes and Coast
Guard stations along the Pacific
coast. The earlier signals, re-
ported from the United States to
Alaska, were similar to those
picked up from time to time since
the search for the missing C-54
began.
Hope was held here that the
CAT might have landed on one
of the two landing fields or two
lakes in the Aishihik area, about
100 miles northwest of here, where
it was assigned to check a 900
square-mile area. Poor visibility
eliminated possible check on
these spots last night.
Evening star., 1950-02-08
2American Mormon
Missionaries Vanish
In CzechosIovakia
U. S. Embassy Coils on
Prague Foreign Office .
To Supply information
BY the Associated Press

PRAGUE, Czechoslovakia, Feb
8.-The United States Embassy
announced today that it had re-
ceived reports that two American
Mormon missionaries "disap-
peared" in the province of Mo-
ravia January % and have not
been heard from since.
The Embassy said it had asked
the Czechoslovakian Foreign Min
istry to supply information
concerning the welfare and
whereabouts" of the missionaries
Stanley E. Abbott and c. Aldon
Johnson.
While the Embassy announce
ment made no mention of ar
rests, reliable Western diplomatic
sources said the two men had been
arrested by Czech police near
Olomouc on unspecified charges
These sources said the mis-
sionaries had been held incom-
municado and that all efforts OF
American authorities to see them
have failed.
In Country Over 2 Years.
Wallace Toronto, head of the
Mormon Church in CZachoSlovakia
said MI. Abbot. %, came from
Lehi. Utah. and that Mr.. john
Evening star., 1950-02-08
Two Bandits Get $40, 900
In Arizona Bank Robbery
BY the Asseeieied Press

PHOENIX, Ariz., Feb. 8-Two
men early today robbed the Bank
Of Douglas in downtown Phoenix
Of $4,000 cash.
City police said the men, one
OF them armed, caught the janitor
outside the bank about 6 am,
forced him to let them into the
building and waited until jim
Wise, a bank employe, arrived
AHos.t 7:40 am.
Mr.. Wise was forced to open
the safe. The robbers then
locked the employees in room
and left.
Police had only vague descrip-
tions of the men. One apparently
was an American, 32-35 years old.
The other was a Mexican, $3.50
years old.
Evening star., 1950-02-08
Edwards Conviction
In Glen Burnie KILLINGS
Reversed on Appeal
Confession Was Admitted
Improperly, Court Soys;
New TriuI Is Ordered
BY the Associated Press

ANNAPOLIS, Feb. 8.-Thomas
A. Edwards was saved at least
temporarily from the galloWs when
the Court of Appeals declared
today he was coaxed into con-
Tossing a sensational double muir
der.
The court threw out the con-
fession Edwards gave police and
as a result struck down the death
sentence ordered by three judges
in Baltimore Criminal Court.
The case was not concluded
Maryland's' highest court ordered
Edwards, "a = year = old coloree
gardener, to stand trial again
Next time, presumably, the
prosecution will have to seek q
link between Edwards and the
pistol slayings of John H. Mahlan
25, and Miss Mary Kline. 18
without resorting to the confes-
sion.
The courts six judges were
unanimous in holding that De-
tective Capt. Henry J. Kriss OF
Baltimore induced Edwards to
relate a detailed statement OF
what happened the night of Sep
tember II, 1948.
Inducement to Confess.
In it. Edwards said he shot MIR
Mahlan in anger because Mr.
Mahlan tried to run him down
with car. Then he said he shot
Mr.. Mahlan's pretty date because
she screamed and unnerved him
But, wrote Judge Stephen r.
Collins, Capt. Kriss had persist
emily urged Edwards to tell the
truth" And Capt. Kriss displayed
to Edwards letter purportedly
from convict in Maryland Pen
itentiary.
. The letter expressed sorrow at
having failed to follow the police
captains advice in the past.
Both Capt. Kriss' words and the
letter constituted in fact a state
ment to the appellant (Edwards)
by the officer that it would be
better for appellant to tell the
truth" Judge Collins said.
This statement" Judge Collins
continued, was such an induce
ment as to make the confession
involuntary on the part of the
appellant and therefore mad
misSable."
Letter Made Impression.
"It is evident that this letter
made some impression on Edwards
because although Capt. Kriss did
not at first testify that he showed
this letter to Edwards, the appel
liant distinctly remembered it
when he testified"
States Attorney James c. Nor
ton of Anne Arundel County, who
headed the prosecution staff when
Edwards was tried year ago, was
not Immediately available for
comment.
Former Judge William j. Nc
Williams, one of two court-ap-
pointed defense attorneys, admit
ted great satisfaction" with the
court ruling. With the case still
Co. rryryA@~~ - -