davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07

WASHINGTON (LPA) - II
Congress would spend few w
million dollars investigating
what goes into the cost OF dis
tributing farm produce, Presi-
dent Murray d. Lincoln OF the
Cooperative League tol ID the
House Small Business commit
tee, "it might save you several
billions of dollars"
Lincoln proposed the Federal
Trade Commission be given the
Job. He also urged Chairman
Wright Patman Cd, Texo to
"lead a fight to give the FTC
several millions of dollars for
economic Investigations" a n d
elimination fthe Congressional
appropriations bill "r d e r"
which prohibits ETC from max
ing such investigations.
"The greatest part of these
distribution costs" Lincoln as
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07
House Ups Corporation
Taxes; Cuts Excise

WASHINGTON OPA) - A
tax bill which would cut sales
taxes and make up all but Sl2,-
100000 of the cuts through taxes
on big corporations and by clos
ing loopholes in the prese n I
laws, went through the House
Of Representatives like a sum-
mer breeze June 20. Only l3 Re
publicans and one lone Democrat
opposed the bill; there were 375
votes for il. It's now up to the
Senate Finance committee to
hold hearings and bring II to the
Senate floor before Congress
quits for good.
In general, the measure fol-
lows the lines proposed by Pres
ident Truman as part of his list
of Fair Deal must legislation
last January. II doesn't cut down
the special privileges enjoyed by
the oil producers in the form OF
depletion allowances; some ex-
else tax cuts went further than
the President proposed; and the
corporation tax rate wasn't rails
ed quite as much as Truman ask
ed. But the bill does lift the di-
rect tax load on consumers
goods like household electrical
appliances, furs. cosmetics; and
it will lower taxes on telephone
and telegraph bills, and on rail
and air tickets, thus raising pur-
chasing power and probably
meaning that more such articles
and services will be bought.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07
500 Idled BY Strike
Win Jobiess Pay

CHICAGO (LPA) - The 800
members of Local 551 here idled
by a strike against Ford in De-
troit in May 1947 by the CIO
United Auto Workers are en-
titled to unemployment COM
pensation of 100000. So Judge
John A. Sbarbaro declared in
upholding a ruling by Frank
Annunzio, director of the state
Department of Labor. The COM
pany had appealed the ruling.
The Judge said the Ford system
is so integrated that strike at
any plant could idle workers
elsewhere.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07

serted, are not due to ineffi-
cheney in the distributive sys-
tenn, but lie Gin hidden profits
to spectators and tremendous
profits to huge corporations
which stand astride the chan
nels of distribution and take
their toll automatically on the
milk for Americas gro w in 6
children, the food for the needy
as well as for those who can af-
ford it, and for the clothing and
other fibre products u S e d by
American consumers"
Take milk, for instance, the
coop lie ader said. "The us
Agriculture Dept in a recent
study estimated that Mime
apolis residents pay 21a cents
less per quart than they would
otherwise pay. 7 h e reason is
simple. There is genuine COM
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07

WASHINGTON (LPA)-"We
in Korea will be firm and con-
tribute to our fullest extent to
the war against Communist in
vaders of our country-tiu we
die" Dai Wi Lee, manager OF
the govern m ent-owned Sam
Chok coal mine in South Korea,
and former Secretary of the
South Korean Department OF
Labor, declared to reporters in
Washington, three days after
Communist forces invaded his
country.
In Washington on State and
L b or Department sponsored
mission to study labor-manage-
ment relations here, the visitor
heard news of the fall of Seoul,
where his mother, wife and two
small children are, in a dramatic
interruption of the press con-
ference.
The 52-year-old veteran of
the struggle for Korean inde-
pendence spent three years in a
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07
Coop Chief Sees Billions In
In Farm Price Probe

petition, free enterprise, in
Minneapolis. The Franklin Co.
operative Creamery does about
rs per cent of all the milk busi-
ness in the city. 1t holds down
the price to the consumer and
holds up the payments to the
farmer at the same time. The
cooperative yards C k saves
Minneapolis consumers $4,000
600 each year. The demand for
milk is increased - and the
farmers take-home pay is in
creased.
"Why," he asked, "can't the
cost of distribution be cut in
other cities? Why doesn't the
Federal Trade Commission un-
dertake a sweeping investiga-
ton of this price-spread prob
lem? Won't this committee ini-
tiate and insist that some posi-
tive action be taken?"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07
Suit In St. Louis
Hits Bar At
Pools On Negroes

ST. LOUIS (LPA)-The city
and three officials have been
named defendants in federal
court suit here asking that the
exclusion of Negroes from mu-
nicipal outdoor swimming pools
be ended. The suits were filed
by a Negro lawyer and woman
secretary in the office of the Ma
tional Association for the Ad-
vancement of Colored People.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07
Textile Union Story
On Sound Film

WASHINGTON GPA) - The
life and work" of the Textile
Workers Union of America-CIO
is portrayed in a 24-minute
movie shown for the first time
here June 81. The picture stars
union officials and rank-and-
filers, on the picket line, in edu-
cational institutes, and in organ
izing drives. Local unions wish
ing to show the film on 16 nm
sound equipment may obtain 1t
from the film division, TWUA,
80 University Place, New York
3. NY.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07

issues of international policy"
Outlining Taft's arguments,
the editorial concluded, Even
as they occur in the mind of a
leading statesman they are
still like a child's imaginings
of some fairyland where one
need not do ones lessons and
candy grows on trees"
Among Taft's most recent
votes on foreign policy are the
following:
On September %, 1949, a vote
AGAINST the bill providing
necessary military assistance to
the fore en nations included in
the North Atlantic Pact.
Earlier on the same day, two
votes to CUT the funds for this
military assistance - one for a
$100 million cut, the other for a
$500 million cut.
On May S, 1850, a motion to
CUT the 1850 Foreign Eco
nomic Assistance Act of 1850
by a half billion dollars "a
motion that was defeated.
On July rs, 1949, a vote to
CUT a billion dollars from the
European Recovery programs
funds.
On July 81, 1949, five days
earlier, a vote AGAINST ratifi-
cation of the North Atlantic
Pact which sets up a defense line
against Communist aggression
incidentally, this vote was in
direct contradiction to Tafts
s at e m n in January, 1949
when he said, 81 favor the North
Atlantic Pact.")
While Taft's statement last
week achieved the political
publicity he sought, 1t did not
succeed in hiding his record of
obstructionism in the foreign
policy field.
In Washington and throughout
the nation, Taft was the one
voice raised in opposition to the
unity of purpose and action
pledged by other COP leader:
like former President Herbert
Hoover and 1948 Presidential
Candidate Thomas Dewey o1
New York.
Taft stood alone.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07
More Jobs Open
U. S. Aide Tells
Wisconsin Graduates

MADISON, Wis. LPA)-Jobs
are more plentiful than they
were six months ago, Evan
Clague, Commissioner of Labor
Statistics, reported in a speech
at the University of Wisconsin
on the job market for high
school and college graduates.
Close to half a million stu
dents are graduating from col
lege and seeking jobs this month,
the largest crop in the nations
history. Another million and a
quarter are finishing hi g h
school.
Industrial production has
been rising steadily" Clague
said, "and home-building has
reached new peaks there is
a heavy demand for consumer
durable goods, especially auto
mobiles and electric appliances
an unusually large demand
for housing more plans for
plant expansion"
There is a wide variation in
employment opportunities in
various industries and profes-
sional fields. Teaching, nursing,
medicine, dentistry, social work,
and engineering all offer good
prospects for job-hunters at the
present time. Law, journalism,
and personnel work offer stiff
competition.
Stenographers, typists, and
bookkeepers should still be able
to get jobs this summer. There
are large number of openings
for apprentices in metal machin
ing. Radio and television tech
nicians, on the other hand, will
have a hard time finding open
ings.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07
Guild Convention
Considers Enterinq
Publication Field

and better papers, the report
went on. "The international Ex-
ecutive Board recommends the
mobilization of Guild resources
toward those detectives"
Martin spoke of the ''malodor-
GUS record of failure" of the
American press, and its mock
cry of freedom of the press,
and. of the frightening rate att
which the industry is committing
suicide"
Eubanks set a goal of 100 new
newspapers and 10000 new jobs
by 1856. He blamed the death of
scores of newspapers on the high
cost of newsprint, and declared
"a diabolical international news
print cartep' keeps the cost OF
paper high, controls distribution,
and in effect thus decides which
papers continue to live. The big
publishers, he said, condone
these operations, which he as
serted takes $100,000,00 a year
in excess profits tout of our own
pockets"
(Eubanks is filing with a
House committee now investi-
eating newsprint statement dis
closing operations of the cartel)
Eubanks proposed that the
government open up Alaska's
vast potential supply OF news
print as one answer to the pres
ent monopoly.
Ernst, at the ANG banquet,
declared newsprint is the scare
est commodity on this planet,
and that newsprint is bullets in
the war for the minds of peo-
ple." Russia, he said, realizes
that, and supplies newsprint
free to its satellites.
Hum phrey declared the
growth of newspaper monopoly
is not compatible with our free
institutions and that the Guild
should state forthrightly that
monopoly is an evil that needs
to be eradicated. He declared
that the public has long ago lost
its respect for the press, and
blamed the publishers. They
should realize, he said, that pub
lie opinion is their master, not
their servant.
Ted Dudley, assistant director
of CIO-PAC, said the current
rumor is that Guild members
are not interested in political
action, and pointed out that the
Guild could not have come into
existence without the Wagner
Act. He stressed the need of poll
tical action today. Eubanks, in
seconding his appeal, said I'VE
are losing the kind of Congress
we want, and we can't afford to
lose any more"
Earlier Ralph Novak, ANG
secretary-treasurer, h d an
nounced contributions toward
the strike on the NY World
Telegram & Sun of $4,000 from
the Amalgamated Clothing 6
Workers, and $1,000 from the
Transport Workers. He said De-
troit had given him check for
1851 in advance for strike as
sessments due July 1, and that
Boston had given a check for
S2000
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07

The one exception was Sen
ator Robert A. Taft of Ohio.
On the day following the
Pre- i dents precedent-making
decision to use United States
forces to repel the North Korean
attack. Senator Taft spoke on
the Senate floor. Where all other
leaders of the Republican party
were talking national unity, the
senior senator from Ohio voiced
obstructionism.
In a speech calculated to
draw headlines, Taft called
for the resignation of Secre-
tary of State Dean Acheson
and charged administrations
bIunders, as well as RuSsia's
policy of aggression, caused
the Korean crisis.
Taft seemed oblivious to the
manner in which the Kremlin's
propaganda m h inc would
make use of his attack. He SEEM
ed Just as oblivious to the fact
that Communists would reason
America was a divided country
because of this public statement
by the acknowledged leader OF
A m r c as ultra-conservative
forces.
Completely ignored in the
Taft speech was his own record
of consistent obstruction to every
American proposal for stern but
peaceful containment of Com
munism.
During his speech Taft
made no reference to his own
vote, on May 25th, in opposi-
tion to the Foreign Economic
Assistance Act of 1850, which
contained S100 million in
funds for the South Korean
government now under attack
by Russian puppets.
Only five days later, the New
York Herald Tribune, staunch
Republican newspaper w n C h
consistently supports Taft, re-
ferred to this and other Taft
foreign policy votes as proof OF
his Inmate isolationism."
The Herald Tribune said, III
sometimes seems strange that a
statesman of Senator Tafts un-
doubted stature can speak as
foolishly as he often does on the
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07

WASHINGTON (LPA) - Inc
grave problems posed by the
shrinkage in the n u m b er OF
newspapers, and by increasing
monopoly control of those re-
naming, was the major theme of
the 18th annual convention of
the American Newspaper Guild.
The threat to the economic
security of its members; to the
continued freedom of the press;
to the need for a fair and COM
plete presentation of the news;
10 the worldwide fight for mems
minds - those were the facets
of the problem taken up.
They were discussed in the
officers report; in the opening
address of Harry Martin, ANG
president; in the speech of Sam
EUbanks, executive vice presi-
dent; in the banquet speech of
Morris Ernst, n note d lawyer,
friend of the late H e y w o o d
Broun, and first counsel of the
Guild; and in the talk by Sen.
Hubert Humphrey 3D., Mimi
They led to creation of spe-
cial committee to consider the
major resolution presented to
the conventions resolution Of
fered by the International Ex-
ecutive Board, which pointed
out that since Americas pub
fishers have abdicated their re-
sponsibility, it was up to the
Guild to act.
The resolution therefore ask
ed authorization ito use such
surplus funds as the ANG may
possess, for investment in the
development of newspaper en-
terprises. The aim: Publication
of newspapers to protect ''the
principles of a press, independ-
Ient of government regulation.
The resolution said that "where
advisable, it intends to work in
cooperation with other trade un-
ions, civic groups and interested
individuals to create newspapers
dedicated to the public interest. "
"Monopolies and the collusive
practices of some in the indus
try have betrayed the moral OBJ
legation of press, operating un-
der a constitutionally guaran-
teed freedom to present the
news fairly and completely,
said the resolution. Without
that fair and complete presenta-
tion, the foundations of the dem
ocratic process-action based on
full information--is destroyed" /"
A newspaper without compel
ition rarely gives adequate serv-
ice to a community, the report
continued, warning that "a free
press as we know it is not indie
structlble. 1t Will survive, con-
stitutional guarantees notwith-
standing, only so long as the peo-
pie deem it essential to their
general welfare.
The report warned also that
when the press becomes an in
strument serving the purposes
only of a single economic class
or political group it will be un-
able to summon the people to
its defense if its constitutional
protection is threatened. The
failure of the American press to
be free would be our failure; our
failure to foresee and act. The
disaster would be worldwide.
The penalties would be visited
on everyone, not just on those
who own the newspapers or
work for them"
The nation needs more papers
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07
Truman S, Move In Korea
Heartily Endorsed By
OO President Murray

- u ~ ~ ~ IL SA4 NA@A ~
Wholehearted CIO support of
President Truman's nd on
Korea was voiced by CIO Presi-
dent Philip Murray June % in
a telegram from Mercy Hospital
here, where Murray is recup-
Grating from a minor operation.
Hailing Truman's decision as
"the only hope for preserving
the peace of the world" the
CIO chief declared his organi-
zation stands solidly behind it.
"Organized labor throughout
the world has learned from Bit
ter experience during the past
two decades" the wire read,
"that acts of unchecked aggres-
sion lead directly to world war.
We know also that unwavering
support for democratic princi-
Piles is the best way to gain
lasting peace. There can be no
appeasement of aggression t
our democratic world is to sur
vive."
Chairman Jacob S. Potofsky
of the CIO International Secu-
rity Council decision demand
ing the North Korean govern
ment cease its aggression.
In similar statement t h e
day before, AFL Vice-President
Matthew Woll had declared that
"it is easier to stop the aggres-
sor in Korea than in California"
and offered seven-point pro-
gram of action for UN and the
United States in the Korean
situation.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07

Human hope and faith should
join in natures grand harmony,
and, If on minor key, make mu-
sic in the heart.
Mary Baker Eddy
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07
Unity Incomplete
Taft Holds Out

COLUMBUS Ohio-As America teetered this week the
brink of World reports from Washington showed poll
ticias of all forgetting their differences and uniting be-
hind President Truman an hour of national crisis
with one exception spirit unity complete
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1950-07-07

1t is hope which makes the
shipwrecked sailor strike out
with his arms in the midst of
the sea though no land is in
sight.
n,xs.I
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-06-15

to plan safe entrance, for they
were not surea who was in control of
Hagerstown. 1t was decided that
the group should stop at this front,
while three of their number Steck,
Tritle, and A. B. Hamilton should go
in and find out the circumstances.
If everything was alright, they
would come back to a high hill, per
haps Honey HILL" and signal to the
waiting group. After quite wait,
and no one appearing on the hill,
Mr.. Houser volunteered to go take
a look. So off he went, and the
others decided to venture in after
him.
The scene in Hagerstown was one
of Confusion of war" The streets
were filled with army wagons, the
sidewalks with soldiers, and the town
was overrun by Confederates.
Mr.. Houser met a woman he knew
and while talking with her the rest
of his party caught up with him.
But in the meantime that same party
had been caught up with too, for
they were captives of a group of
Confederates, among whom were the
two they had so recently met and
threatened, at the cut Mr. Houser
quickly gave to the woman every
thing that would identify him, and
tried to pass the group. But the
man whose gun he wanted to break,
recognized him, and he too was
taken prisoner.
The prisoners were taken to
Doyle's Hotel, where they sat on the
steps for a while, then to the office
of the Provost Marshall. Here was
quite crowd, and Houser and Snid-
er managed to slip into the crowd
and hurried away They proceeded
to look up an old friend, Mr.. Lewis
Hest, but found him no longer
friendly. Next they went to the
home of John Hutton, but found
their friends, with their captors,
lined UP before that door. Next they
tried the home of Jacob Keller (al-
so the location of the depot and
ticket office) and here found friends.
Knocking lightly on the back door
they met Mrs. Keller, who i'm
mediately motioned for silence, and
led them to the stairs and up to the
attic. There were Confederate sol
diers staying in the front rooms.
In this attic these men stayed for
some time and were fed by the fam
ily The first evening, Mr.. Houser
borrowed some of Mr.. Keller's
clothes, and ventured out into the
streets to see how things looked, and
to try to find some trace of his COM
rades. He came upon group of his
friends, held captive by group OF
soldiers, and once again the man they
had met at the cut, the one whose
gun was almost broken AS Mr.
Houser passed, he heard this one
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-06-15

say that he was still not satisfied, as
he had not caught the one who
threatened to break his gun Mr..
Houser went back to his attic, where
he stayed for safety.
Several days later, the two de-
cided to try to escape back to the
safer territory around Chambers
burg. They decided to try ruse,
and so borrowed a market basket
from Mr.. Keller, and set out to-
gether with the explanation that
they were looking for butter for
wounded soldiers. They Immediately
started working their way out the
Mud Road" Now that was out
Salem Avenue, and on toward Gear
floss.
The two daring refugees success
fully passed several groups of SOL
diers in this way, were questioned
by some, doubted, but always man.
aged to carry on their ruse. In one
place, they came to a farm house
where women were churning butter,
while a group of soldiers stood by
waiting They offered the woman
$1.0O per pound, when in truth they
had no money, but the offer con-
WINGED the Confederate soldiers, and
they were not molested, and they
did not need to substantiate their
offer for the butter.
Soon they reached the Williams
port-Greencastle road, and from
there to Greencastle they had no
difficulty. At Greencastle, they left
the basket at friends house, with
the request that it be returned to
Mrs. Keller, and then the two pro
ceeded to Chambersburg,
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-06-15
HORSE AND
BUGGY DAYS
by
Ida 10 Martin

Suppose we hitch up the horse, in
the buggy of course, and take a
drive out Mud Road" Yes, that
was once the name of one of the
roads that leads today out of Ha-
gerstown. I wonder how many
folks know which it is. 1 might say
that because of repeated diggings
in that road, or the street that
leads out of it, for water pipes, etc,
it would be no wonder if folks be-
gan to call it Mud Road again.
On this road, and the vicinity near
it, we find much of interest back
around the days of the Civil War.
This was especially true just after
the Confederates tasted bitter de-
feat at Gettysburg.
In July of that year, while the
soldiers of the South were retreat.
ing back to the South and their
homes, a group of people who had
formerly lived in Hagerstown, but
during the war had resided in
Chambersburg, perhaps for safety,
headed back to this war-torn town.
At the same time, we are told that
many also left Chambersburg to re-
turn to Gettysburg. Among the
group heading for Hagerstown were
DR.. James Hamilton, A. B. Hamil-
ton, John P. Culbertson, DR.. George
R. Kaufman, Jacob N. Snider, AL
len c. McGrath, Charles Kinsler,
Thomas Mcdowell, George S. Heck,
]. Winter Tritle, Levi D C. Houser,
J. Porter Brown, D. M. Eiker and
Rev Charles Steck.
This group of men started down
the Cumberland Valley railroad
tracks, walking. AS group they
reached State Line, where they stop
ped for the night The next NOR
ming, the ones named above con-
tinued their trip to the danger area,
while part of the group remained
behind. (The railroad, of course,
is now the Pennsylvania
Just on this side of Hagerstown,
at the deep cut, probably near the
quarry, the group encountered their
first Rebels" as they called them.
It was just two men, tired and starry
ing soldiers who had been out for
aging the country side One of them
had rife, the other a bucket, with
some sausage and butter. The group
from Chambersburg seized the rifle
and bucket, and one of the men, Mr..
Tritle, wanted to break the gun. But
his friends reminded him that they
were in Rebel territory, and that he
might get into trouble if he damaged
the gun. So the gun was returned,
and the two soldiers told to go on
into Hagerstown. We are not told
what became of the sausage and but
ter.
Very shortly after this, the group
reached the point where the two
railroads cross. Here they stopped