davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-07-12
No Solution in Lost Statutes

The attempt to open Washington restaurants
to Negroes under the authority of two "lost
statutes" has been rebuffed by Municipal Court
Judge Myers.
In a test case brought by three Negroes,
Judge Myers ruled that municipal regulations
enacted in 1872 and 1873 were repealed by i'm
plication in subsequent legislation and cannot
now be enforced. Judge Myers relied primarily
on the authority of Supreme Court decisions
announced in 1890 and 1891. They seem to
support his position, but there is, of course,
question as to whether the appellate courts of
today will adhere to conclusions reached go
years ago. There is enough doubt, presumably,
to justify an appeal from Judge Myers decision,
and it is to be expected that the compliments
will appeal.
Whatever the ultimate result, however, it
is difficult to disagree with Judge Myers view
that the attempted revival of regulations adopted
nearly 30 years ago is a poor approach to the
problems raised by segregation in eating places
In the District. The essential problem should
be dealt with in the light of conditions as they
exist today And the condition which stands
out most clearly is that public eating facilities
for "well-behaved and respectable" Negroes are
disgracefully inadequate If the abandonment
Of segregation in restaurants is the only remedy
for this condition, The Stars belief is that
segregation will CO.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
This and That

Young turtles lack the protective in
stinct of their elders.
They refuse to close up their shells
when cat or other animal approaches
This was shown the other day when
young tortoise was uncovered in the
flower border. And nice young fellow
he was, too, with dark shell rising to
ridge, and the neatest possible legs
and head.
He was so dirt-colored that until he
moved we did not realize he was alive.
Then he scuttled away at lively rate.
When picked up, he refused to pull in
his head and legs.
Life, evidently, was too interesting.
He wanted to see what was going on.
Possum, the cat, manifested every
interest in Toto, the tortoise.
Possie stuck his nose down, only to
have Toto give him an evil look and
start moving away.
AS the little tortoise went full speed
ahead, the cat came up behind him
and nuzzled his shell.
Still the tortoise refused to pull in
his head.
His father or mother would have
withdrawn into the shell instantly.
Cats and even dogs fail to make much
OF ths big ones. Usually they shuttle all
Evening star., 1950-07-12
By Charles E. TroceWeH

them, give them tentative poke with
the paw. and then retire. a.. ..
The little one, named Toto was not
as wise
He refused to do anything about it in
regular turtle fashion, but continued to
make his getaway.
He belonged to an ancient order, the
ChelionianS.
His group, the tortoises, are the land
turtles. as they are commonly called.
Ancient of days are these reptiles;
literally they live inside their skeletons,
They look like lizards or crocodiles,
but are not related.
They eat berries and fungi, and are
about as harmless as any living things,
They snap up flies and some other in
sects, and roam at will through our
gardens. s 2
One of these is the box turtle, as he
is usually called. .~.
"a, A good way to cater to your garden
turtles" Is to put out a bathing place
for them.
This also serves the BIRDS
5, It is best sunk in the ground and
should not be more than inches deep.
This is deep enough for the largest
specimens likely to be found In the yard.
Though pestered by small creatures,
Evening star., 1950-07-12
By Robson Black

CWEDENS LABOR COURT stands
~ unique as mechanism to cut strike
losses and to maintain the unity Of labor
and management. 1t deals only with In
terpretations of collective agreements
and is in no sense wage-fixing body.
OF its seven members, two are union ap-
pointees. two come from the employers
association, one member must be social
science expert, and the chairman and
one other are usually chosen from the
judiciary.
During the last two years, $50 decisions
have been given by the court. About
two-thirdS Of these have been unani-
nous, meaning that the judges selected
from the employers repeatedly con-
demned the corporate litigants from
whom they draw their monthly salaries,
while similarly the labor men again and
again cracked down on their own union
colleagues. In 1948, only II cases were
subject to dissenting minority reports.
Not only are the Labor Courts deci-
sions final, and completely free of poll
tical influence at all stages, but the
tribunal has authority to impose sub
stantial penalties. In one instance, a
small manufacturer dismissed an en-
ploye for persistent absence from duty.
Sixty fellow workers called a sympathy
strike in protest. At the end of two
weeks, the employer placed his case be-
fore the Labor Court and asked damages.
Two days after the hearing opened, a
unanimous judgment was scored against
the union and the strike collapsed. BY
terms of the decision, involving the full
assent OF the labor members of the court,
the union of the strikers was fined $1,400
and the individual strikers $50 each,
The whole collection was turned over to
the employer as COMPENSATION.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Mr.. Deans Atomic Team

The President has chosen a good man in
naming Gordon Dean to the Craftsmanship of
the Atomic Energy Commission, and the Senate
has done gratifying thing in overwhelmingly
defeating the mystifying move to block the four
year reappointment of Commissioner Sumner
Pike
! Mr.. Dean who has been a member of the
Acc since May of last year, may seem to have
less dynamic personality than David E.
Iiienthal his predecessor. But the American
people, on the basis of his record can be con-
fdent that he is amply qualified to give energetic
and highly intelligent top direction to the
Nations giant atomic project-an enterprise
whose Importance can hardly be exaggerated
particularly in these days of grave international
tension.
Having already confirmed his reappointment
to threeyear term, the Senate will not have
to confirm MIR. Deans elevation to the chair
manship. If that were required, however his
selection very probably would be approved with
something like unanimity. For he has the
confidence of Congress, not merely because he
has done a fine job. since first becoming a
member of the Acc, but also because he is we'll
remembered for his impressive work in the
Justice Department some years ago. before
entering private life to practice and teach law
Certainly, if talent, experience and good judg-
ment mean anything, he can be counted upon
to serve the Nation with distinction in his all
important new post.
The country can be satisfied, too, that the
Senate has acted wisely in overriding the
opposition to Mr. Pike Maine Republican who
has served on the Acc ever since its creation
in 1946 Though five of the nine Senators on
the Atomic Energy Committee flour Republicans
and one Democrat) recommended against his
confirmation their objections to him remained
so vague and unexplained as to smack of petty
politcking. Accordingly, with his record testify
ing strongly in his favor, he has been confirmed
for four more years on the commission where
his experience is needed
There is still hole in the Acc, however.
Chairman Dean will be running team of four
men (the other members are Thomas Murray
and DR.. Henry DeWolf Smyth) when there should
be five. In these days with its stepped-up pro-
gram-including work on the possible hydrogen
bomb-the agency ought to be operating at
full strength topside.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Our 'BuiId-Up' Problem in Korea

Northern Koreas Red invasion army-now
reported to be battering its way forward with
60-ton Russian-m tanks-haS demonstrated
beyond all doubt that our American ground
forces are facing touch-and-go struggle of the
severest kind. They are engaged, as Senator
Tydings has said, in san extremely difficult
campaign and their ultimate victory-which is
likely to be long time coming even if Com
munist China or the Soviet Union do not directly
intervene-win depend largely on how fast their
numbers can be built up and heavily supplied.
This "build-up" problem is a very critical
one. At present-greatly outnumbered and
plainly outgunned despite air and sea support
our troops in Korea constitute relatively weak
vanguard trying to hold out against skillful,
strong, well-equipped and fast-moving enemy
who has between $4,000 and 100000 tough
fighting men in the field. According to current
estimates, the effort to stop this formidable
army, and then roll it back to the 38th Parallel
may require at least as many as six American
divisions fully armed with the best kind of
weapons for warfare on the ground.
From the supply standpoint alone-leaving
aside all other factors-our Korean operations
If they are to be successful, thus demand that
we undertake great exertions with the utmost
speed. This is clear from the fact that each
American soldier sent to the battle area needs
at the start anywhere from to IL tons of
equipment, and he needs an additional ton
month thereafter. Stated another way, every
one OF our divisions in this theater-if it is to
be properly supported through lines stretching
1000 miles across the Pacific-will have to have
the constant service of perhaps as many as
IS ships of 10000 tons ''as @~
These figures speak pretty much for them
selves Coupled with those bearing upon the
supply and replenishment of our air and sea
forces, they serve as SOLDERING measure of the
dimensions of the job ahead. Whether 1t can
be kept localized or not, this struggle to repel
Red aggression in Korea is war; it is not simple
policing or punitive expedition. If the United
States and the United Nations are to come out of
1t with real victory, heroic and large-scale
work will have to be done-fast.
Evening star., 1950-07-12

Remedy

It has been very much on my mind to
answer the letter of your correspondent.
the nurse who signed herself Weary"
because of barking dog. have two
suggestions:
First, she will find that if she feeds
the barks into microphone from pub
lie address system, and blasts them right
back at the dog, he will run away from
himself with his tail so far between his
legs that he will trip on it and break his
neck. That ought to happen before the
police come a-runnin'.
Second, tell her to obtain small elec-
trio fan that makes a nonvarying hum
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Educating the Deof

A group of mothers with little chill
dren having severely limited hearing
those called deaf" have been before
the Board of Education Cat it's last meet
lng) and asked that it consider educat-
ing these children In the public schools
here in Washington.
know nothing whatsoever about edu-
cat1onal methods. am just an ordinary
housewife. the mother of three little boys
who wants them to be educated in nor
mai. natural, everyday surroundings
such as they live in and must be part
of.
1t seems to me that the public schools
have SO much to offer these deaf chill
dren, so much more than the best "in-
stitution for the deaf" could possibly
give them. Public schools provided with
special teachers for the deaf, together
with the necessary training instruments,
would open new world to these chill
dren.
Is it not true that most schools. and
certainly institutions also, leave their
mark upon us-that even decades after
leaving school we recall incidents of our
younger years? How much more pleas
and would be the memories of a deaf
child. schooled in normal surroundings,
participating in as many activities with
normal children as he is able, enjoying
the stimulation Of their conversation and
their companionship, than a deaf child
schooled in an institution the very
nature OF which constantly reminds him
OF his handicap-an institution that
speaks loudly enough for every deaf
child to hear: "You are different!"
Which would you choose for your
child: A public school or an institution
for the deafa Well, we parents in WASH
ington have no choice.
Open the public schools to the deaf
children. Give them chance to live a
normal life. After ALL their handicap is
great enough. would not burden my
conscience by making it greater.
Mrs. Lester r. Malhoyt.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Nancy, Four

Up past her bed-time-sumner days are
long,
And dusk comes sloDly, darkness after
So fortified by nap her ,piH is strong
To stay GtDake and drink the nights
rare tCine. .f ~f
What lDorld of tDonder in, frefy
That numbered slo1oly past and .,aotD.
detained,
Flickers its tiny lamp against the sky
OF her curped fingers trembling, and
restrained. 81
And ,DI,at revelation in the dew
That beads the grass Without direct
descent,
That does not fall like rain, yet dan,ps
as true,
While stars are born tn Twilight frnsG-
n1ent.
And then for Gilman, that n0-promise6
thrill
TO last Hte-time-her first tDhippoor-
tDiI --r
ALMA ROBERTS GIoRDAN.
Evening star., 1950-07-12

Should judgment go against d we'll
to-do corporation, the indemnity may
run to large sum, indicative of the
courts determination to make breaches
OF collective agreements as expensive as
possible. Should a company go so far
as to declare lockout against its men
during the term of mutual contract,
the court has power to make the en-
ployer pay the entire wage-loss during
the period of hostilities.
AS natural consequence, Labor Court
submissions are steadily declining as the
published volumes of precedents accumu-
late and the probable course Of verdicts
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Another Cease Fire?

The United Nations and the world
nave entered a period of crisis. An
armed conflict has broken out, inyolv-
ing several powers, including two "sat-
elite powers" Since the q. NJ has given
approval to this conflict, it finds itself
approving the very thing it was or
ganized to prevent.
There is grave danger that this conflict
will spread and become a third world
war. The story of Hiroshima is a pre-
view OF what might happen during such
war IN many parts of the world, in
cluding our own country. There would
pe only losers; and devastated world
would be fertile ground for the spread
OF communism, the thing we are trying
to ward off at such high cost.
Therefore, in order to prevent such a
disaster. a new cease fire appeal should
be made to all powers involved. It should
be remembered that other cease fire
orders have been obeyed in previous
conflicts without armed outside inter-
ference, even though after some delay.
The U. N. should then return to nom
military ways of settling differences,
either through direct meetings or media
ton between the powers involved.
Many observers agree that the ma
tionalist" leadership in Asia, which has
United States and European support, is
not popular with the peoples there, who
live in great poverty. Therefore, our
support should be withdrawn from these
governments, and the peoples of Asia
should choose their own governments
in free elections, supervised by the U. N.
In order to "sell" democfacy to the
peoples of underdeveloped areas, the
United States should shift it's emphasis
from arms shipments to economic as
sistance under Point Four" and should
take leadership toward world disarma-
ment under international control.
Les Pach.
Muscatine, Iowa.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Letters to The Star

ming noise. Place it near enough to her
ears so that she hears the fan, but not
the dog. Maybe for the first night or so
she Will think she would rather hear the
dog, but after time the noise Of the
fan is no longer heard.
And If the breeze gives her neuralgia,
tell her to place the fan in pasteboard
oox tied up with string The trouble
with the scheme is that once you get
going you can't hear the alarm clock 20
on; but she could move it over by the
other ear. Or move her ears nearer the
alarm clock
Hardscrabble.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
How Sweden Solves Her Labor Problems
situations becomes

in wide variety Of situations becomes
easily predictable.
Sweden is the most completely union
lied country In the world, with 1.25 mil
lion members of the Labor Federation
out of population of less than z
million. While social legislation, of an
advanced type, plus high taxation Of the
upper incomes and corporate profits,
have made the workers conscious of their
power. private enterprise remains the
accepted pattern of industry, with no
serious trend toward naturalization.
Swedes Of all economic levels believe
that well-conducted Joint stock COM
pany, producing goods at fair prices and
with high standards Of labor, relations,
performs the best possible service to the
common social interest of the nation.
Living IN an almost classleSs society, they
respect management skill and systems Of
factory discipline.
The severity of Sweden's taxation has
taught most citizens that expanding
and profitable corporations are the best
guarantors Of social welfare programs.
Tage Erlander, Prime Minister of
Sweden, told me about the Social Demo-
cratic Party's reluctance to displace pri-
vate enterprise. He expressed frank dis
approval Of the theoretical socialist as q
designer Of a nations economic program.
TO Sweden's way of thinking, said Mr..
Erlander. social reform had made quite
satisfactory progress under the long
established regime of private commercial
management.
No social issue was comparable to
maintenance of full employment and a
fair sharing of the national income.
These objectives. he. emphasized, had
been upheld thus far. without trans
ferring industry to the inexperienced
hands OF government bureaus.
uondon Observer Foreign News service)
Evening star., 1950-07-12
If War Comes

II war comes. let it come, and may
each and every freedom-loving person
realize that it was brought on by Russia,
nation that demanded peace at her
price, which honorable peoples could
not pay without losing their honor and
freedom. d.
Harry Daniels.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Congressional Salaries

1t is shocking to note that any mem
ber of Congress would at this time in
troduce bill for an increase (and a
large one. $7,500) in Congressmen's own
salaries. Congressman Murray is to be
commended for his opposition thereto.
Persons on a fxed or modest income
have had little relief from high wartime
taxes. Congress voted itself $4,000 tax
free expense account. as well as a $2,500
salary increase. not SO long ago.
Retired Federal EmpIoye.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Questions and Answers

The Stars readers can get the answer tn
Fns 1uesHon Of fact by either writing The
NV, washington 5. D. C., and inclosine cents
TstnIn postage or by telephoninx ST. 5000,
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Biggest Fieet-in MothboIIs

AS the demands on our skeletonized Navy
increase as result of the Far East emergency.
it is somewhat reassurng to remember that we
have the worlds biggest f1eet-in mothballs. The
Nays fight to maintain in ghost" status most
of the demobilized ships of World War II may
prove to have been well worth while before the
present trouble in the Pacific is over Our cob
webbed ships are not instantly available for
duty OF course. But, with time, money and men,
they can gradually be returned to active service
If the need should arise.
Already there is talk of taking some of the
larger ships, carriers especially from their plastic
coeoons. The Navy could use additional carriers
cruisers and deStroyers in carrying out the widely
expanded missions which the Korean operations
have thrust upon it. There are plenty of such
vessels laid up in various "graveyards" along our
coasts. Included are dozen battleships-which
might yet be useful in support of such task as
confrontS the Navy in the Far East. Inactive
also are two battle cruisers, more than two
score feet-type aircraft carriers about IS escort
carriers half hundred cruisers and nearly 400
destroyers and destroyer escorts. In addition
there are hundreds of smaller combat vessels
OF many descriptions, from mine Sweepers to
landing craft.
1t took long time to put these ships in
standby status and it would take long time to
adequate maintenance of the laid-up units has
caused complications which would increase the
delay and the cost of restoring them to duty
Bottom scraping and painting have had to be
neglected, so that careful inspection will be
necessary to determine the Seaworthiness of some
of them. The upper structures have been well
preserved, however, through the plastic-spray
process. Cocoon-like covers have protected vital
guns and other equipment from the weather
It is estimated that from one to two months
would be required to render the larger units
MT for service-depending on size and condition
of the ship. But it takes more than recondition-
ing to place reactivated ships back with the fleet
Crews must be organized and trained to man
them-a problem of major import at time like
the present, when manpower shortages are ham
pering all the services. This cannot be done In
few weeks. Furthermore, many of the ships
are equipped with obsolete types of radar that
proved ineffective under combat conditions in
the past war. There is no adequate supply of
new equipment to remedy such defects
Despite these handcaps, this phantom fleet
in time of war could materialize eventually into
semblance of the formidable Navy which ruled
the seas so successfully at the close of World
War H.
A public-opinion poll on flying saucers
Idds up to 101 per cent. This may be the great
awakening, If the dazed character who used to
have no opinion now has two.
In Edinburgh, 81, ,000,00 was left by a shop
keeper who lived in the cellar on plain brown
bread. The kind with raisns is for people with
$2000,000
We hear from the small fry that the one
story house isn't SO hot as you can't drop into
the saddle direct from an upper window for the
getaway. "a
-A
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Fuchs and the Bucket-Heods

According to an AP dispatch, Fuchs
may be allowed to resume atomic re-
search behind prison bars. Well super
vised. of course
How stupid can people get? Fuchs has
proved himself thoroughly unreliable
and fanatical 1t Is his nature to bite
the hand that feeds him. If he is al
lowed to experiment further, what is to
prevent him from blowing up the whole
OF London? To his distorted mind this
would be way out for him. His type
OF mind Is apt to have suicidal inclina-
tions. Also this would give him a last
crack at democracies which he seems to
hate
Some bucket-head in London figured
that the Fuchs brain is being wasted.
Fuchs is now making mailbags.
wouldn't trust him to make a mailbag.
Why do we always have to learn things
the hard way?
Laura X. Pollock.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

Q. How does a jellyf1sh swim?-
G. U. B.
A. A jellyf1sh can swim by contractions
OF the bell-shaped mass in it's center.
forcing the water out below, but its
powers Of swimming are feeble. Gem
orally jellyfish are at the mercy of tides
and currents.
Evening star., 1950-07-12

Q. Was Schubert poor all his life?-
c. c.
A. The composer was almost penniless
throughout his lifetime Many of his
finest songs he sold for 20 cents apiece,
and at his death his estate was officially
appraised at $40.
Evening star., 1950-07-12

A pseudonyna is permissible onlg
Dhen letter carries correct name
and address of tDriter. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1950-07-12

Q. What is the color of the dahlia for
which Harold L. Ickes received patent?
B. r.
A. MIR. 1ckes received plant patent
Tor coral red dahlia that retains its
color on the bush or when cut, until the
very end.
Evening star., 1950-07-12

@. What is the area included in Tide
water Virginia?-C. j. S.
A. Tidewater Virginia consists of four
peninsulaS averaging 70 miles in length.
One OF them is the Eastern Shore which
juts down from Maryland between the
Atlantic Ocean and Chesapeake Bay and
consists of Accomac and Northampton
Counties. The other three peninsulas
are formed by the Potomac, Rappahan-
mock, York and James Rivers.
@. BY whom are the playing schedules
for the big league baseball clubs madep
IS. N.
A. Playing schedules for the two major
leagues are largely worked out by an
expert in scheduling, who does the job
for the separate league Offices.
Evening star., 1950-07-12

We hear from the small fry that the one
story house isn't SO hot, as you can't drop into
the saddle direct from an upper window for the
getaway. RI
Evening star., 1950-07-12

ALMA ROBERTS GIORDAN.