davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Smyrna times., 1950-12-21
Kris Kringle Isn't
Really Santa Claus

Popular notion seems to imply
that Kris Kringle is German
term of endearment for Santa
Claus. Just what motivates this
idea is not at all clear, since Kris
Kringle is really modification OF
Christkind who, although endowed
by German legend as gift-giver,
resembles Santa Claus not in the
least.
Santa Claus, as we know him in
America, never really caught on
IN Germany. St. Nicholas comes
around on his liturgical feast day
December 6 = with his pockets
bulging with candy and nuts and
trinkets. Well and good, but Ger
man parents maintain, as did their
predecessors of the Reformation
era, that the central idea of Christ
mas, the birth of Jesus should
dominate the observances.
Nor is Christkind depicted as the
Infant Jesus himself, but rather as
his messenger and gift-bearer who
comes to earth at Christmastime
to bring happiness to good chill
dren. The Christkind is usually
represented as child dressed IN
white robes, wearing golden
crown and having big, golden
wings.
Smyrna times., 1950-12-21
America Has Provided
World With PoinsettiG

xxYHILE IT SEEMS rather odd, it
w certainly is interesting that
America has given the world its
most beloved Christmas plant-the
poinsettia. This plant, like so many
others of our best flowers, is ma
tive to tropical America. The flor
ist has been able to propagate it
and grow it in small pot, so that,
with its flaming red bracts or
leaves, it makes a most desirable
Christmas plant.
There is a sentiment that goes
with most Christmas plants = we
hate to throw them away. What
can be done with the poinsettia?
Most of us figure that it is easier
and scheaper to throw it away.
However, if properly handled. it
win bloom for you a second or
even a third or fourth year. You
can even propagate it, if you wish,
and have more plants.
Give the plant resting period
around the middle of February.
The florist simply lays it under the
benches, but you will probably put
it In your basement. Water it oc-
rasionally enough to keep the
wood from whiting. but no more.
Then, around the latter part OF
May or early in June. bring it out,
lc1t it back rather severely, and re-
pot it. You can then put it outside
liz you wish in the shade of tree
ler shrub. and water it enough tc
keep it growing. OF course, if yol
shave a nice, warm, sandy spot
you might plant it right in the
ground, but most of US prefer tc
leave it in the pot.
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1950-06-02

gis z. Leavitt, reviewing its his
tory, said Of Mr.. Dey: He set
a high standard Of performance
in his own teaching and admin
istration and expected the same
excellence from others. His
friendliness and personal inter-
est in every individual in the
department brought about a
spirit Of cooperation that made
it a unit, a team that worked
together with enthusiasm and
good will 1t was always a pleas
ure to do good work for a man
who practiced it himself, ap-
preciated it in others, and knew
what it meant to all concerned. "
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1950-06-02
Bike Found in Greek
By Damon Upchurch

Last Saturday Damon Up
church climbed down off the
road at the bridge beyond
Nathan's dog hospital to see if
he could find any likely looking
fishing holes in Bolin creek. AS
he walked along the creek bank
his attention was caught by the
CLINT Of shiny object in the
water. Closer observation re-
vealed it to be a bicycle.
Mr.. Upchurch waded into the
creek waist deep, retrieved the
bicycle, and saw that it was a
good one that hadn't been in the
water long. When he notified the
Chapel Hill police of his find,
they said it belonged to Donald
Vance, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Rupert Vance.
Donald had left the bicycle at
the high school Friday after
noon, and it was gone when he
returned for it Friday night.
The police hadn't given him
much hope that he would ever
see it again. He was told that q
lot of bicycles which disappear
around here are never recovered.
How the bicycle got in Bolin
creek is a mystery. But Donald
says he is sure of one thing, and
that is that from now on he is
going to lock his bike when he
parks it.
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1950-06-02
Dey's Colleagues Honor Him at Reception

Aprcpos of his retirement
from the University faculty,
William NJ. Dey's colleagues in
the romance languages depart
ment hOnored him with 8 recep-
! ton in the Morehead building
last Saturday evening. And they
gave him a handsomely bound
volume of Romance Studies, |"
dedicated to him.
Sterling Stoudemire, who has
succeeded Mr.. Dey as head Of
the department, presided at the
gathering. jacques Hardre was
chairman Of arrangements.
The presentation Of Romance
Studies" was made by Urban T.
Holmes. Twenty-six colleagues
and former students contributed
athe articles in the book. It con
tains, also, a biography Of Mr..
Dey and a pen-and-ink sketch of
him by Mrs. Cecil johnson. 1t
was edited by Mr.. Holmes,
SturYis E. Leavitt, and Alfred
D. Engstrom.
Among the guests were Mr..
Dey's sister, Mrs. C. L. Which
ard, and his nephew and niece,
Dir. and Mrs. r. D. Whichard, of
Norfolk, Va; Mr.. and Mrs. j. A.
Downs Of Athens, Ca, Mr.. and
Mrs. ]. E. Keller of Knoxville.
Tenn, and Marion Greene of
College Park, Nd.
New men have come into our
department" said Mr.. Holmes
IN the course Of tribute to the
guest Of honor, ''but the old ones
have not gone out. The reluc-
tance Of members of the staff to
leave Chapel Hill is due largely
TO the affection we have for the
man we honor tonight"
The romance languages de-
partment had staff Of 4 teach
ers IN 1917. 1t has so now. Stur-
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1950-06-02
Teachers to Convene Here

About 100 public school social
studies teachers from through
out the state will be here June
Is, 16, and II for a conference
on social education to be held by
the North Carolina Council for
Social Studies. The ten or
twelve speakers will include Miss
Mildred Monaghan, principal of
the Chapel Hill elementary
school, and G. M. Clarke and H.
Arnold Perry Of the Uniyersity's
school of education.
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1950-06-02
Carlos Lowrance in Austria

Carlos q. Lowrance, U. S.
Army, who was in command Of
the Civilian Conservation Corps
camp here in the 1905 and
served later in Japan and other
far-away places, is now stationed
in Salzburg, Austria. Il go often
to Berchtesgarden, the place
that Hitler liked so well,' he
writes to a friend here. I'VE are
in a lovely part Of the Bavarian
mountains.
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1950-06-02
MediaevaIists Elect Ullman

B. L. Ullman was elected first
ice-president of the Mediaeval
Academy Of America at a recent
meeting in Boston, Mass. Other
Chapel HiIlians at the meeting
were George r. Coffman. one of
the founders Of the organization
and formerly its president, and
Urban t. Holmes, who read a
paper on THE Origin Of the
French Epic"
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1950-06-02
24th Coaching School

The University's 24th annual
coaching school will be held from
July 81 TO August A under the di-
rection of Tom Scott, the basket
ball coach. The instructors will
be members of the University's
athletic staff.
The Chapel Hill weekly., 1950-06-02
Our Congratulations :.

Not only to the young men and women whO are sac
cessfuly completing their college requirements but
also to those who helped make their education a
reality!
Evening star., 1950-05-08
Fashion Show
Will Be Given

A bake sale and a fashion
show, with club members acting
as models. will be held by the
Notre Dame de Namur alumnae
on Wednesday at 8 pm. in the
auditorium of Notre Dame Acad-
emy.
Chairman of the fashion show
is Miss Margaret v. Carr and
chairman of the bake sale is
Mrs. Millard c. West. Music will
be furnished by Mrs. Cecilia
Krogmann and Mrs. Lucille O'Cal-
laghan.
The models will be Mrs. James
Hartnett, Mrs. Theodore Bogley,
Mrs. Frances Santucci, Miss Anne
Veihmeyer, Miss Marie Hurley,
Miss Patricia Furlong and Miss
Betty HarkinS.
Evening star., 1950-05-08
WOnen's Clubs
Medical Society Auxiliary to Install
Officers at Luncheon Wednesdov

Newly elected officers of the
Woman's Auxiliary to the Dis
trict of Columbia Medical Society
will be installed on Wednesday at
the annual May luncheon to be
held at / pm. at the Shoreham
Hotel.
A highlight Of the session also
will be the presentation of a
three-year nursing scholarship by
the retiring auxiliary president,
Mrs. j. Lawn Thompson, to Miss
Eleanor Leach, who will train
at the Garfield Memorial Hospital.
At the same time, Miss Dorothy
Quinn, who received a previous
auxiliary scholarship. will be pre-
sented with a graduation gift.
Miss Quinn was trained at George
town University Hospital.
Mrs. William M. Ballinger is
the new auxiliary president and
Mrs. Richard E. Dunkley Is the
president-elect.
Others who will take Office are
Mrs. r. Stevens PendeXter, first
vice president; Mrs. Harry s..
Lewis, second vice president; Mrs.
Lawrence Rapee, recording Secre-
Evening star., 1950-05-08
Benefit ChQirnnen
AreAnnounced

The Washington Chapter of the
National Society of Arts and Let
ters will hold its annual scholar
ship benefit on June 8 at 2 pm
at the Shoreham Hotel.
Mrs. Emil E. Hurja is benefit
chairman and Mrs. Jesse Nichol-
son is vice chairman. Mrs. Cor
nelius Vanderbilt Whitney is
director of the concert program
which will be special feature.
Committee chairmen appointed
by Mrs. Hurja include Mrs. Wini-
fred Howell Artaud, tickets; Mrs
Marcella Comes Winslow, art;
Mrs. Henriette Plum, music; Mrs
Whitney, patrons; Mrs. Joseph
Horgan, radio; and Mrs. j. Lee
Sugrue, public relations.
Mrs. Laurence S. Kuter will
stage the benefit assisted by Mrs
John Davis Lodge as co-chairman'
Mrs. William Henry Hessick,
president of the chapter is chair
man of the program flyer.
Evening star., 1950-05-08
|EpiscopoIions
|PIonPortyfor


A card party for the benefit of
the Episcopal Church Home will
be sponsored by the Board Of
Lady Managers at 2 pm. Friday
at the Shoreham Hotel.
Mrs. Mabel Eve Marshall is
chairman of the benefit. which
will include also sale of fancy
work, cakes, candy and corsages.
Committee chairmen assisting
are Miss Eliza Lane Vessels. pa
irons; Mrs. Charles E. Hadley,
tickets; Miss Phebe Ann Ross.
fancy work; Miss Helen Clifford
and Mrs. L. K. Crippen, cakes;
Miss Helen P. Mulliken and Mrs
Eber Price. prizes; Mrs. c. Ran
dolph Mengers, candy; Mrs. w
H. Brown, flowers. Mrs. James M
Thomson, punch table, and Mrs
Claude Engle and Mrs. Victor H
Knoop, publicity.
The Bishop of Washington, the
Rt. Rev. Angus Dun. and Mrs
Dun head the list of patrons fol
the party.
Situated at Wisconsin avenue
and Macomb street NV, the
Episcopal Home is open to womer
and aged couples of the Episcopa
Church in the Washington Dio.
cese, between the ages of IS anc
rs. 1t is operated by a board o.
governors, headed by Bishop Dun
and the Board of Lady Managers
made up of committees from th'
Episcopal churches in the diocese
Evening star., 1950-05-08
|B,noi Birth
Holds Dance

New officers of the Independ-
ence Chapter of B'uai Birth
women were installed yesterday
at dinner dance at the National
Airport.
Mrs. Joseph Miller took Office
as president and other new off,
GERS are: Mrs. Ruben Braunstein,
Mrs. David Linowes, and Mrs.
Melvin Friedman, vice presidents;
Mrs. Paul Berlin, recording secre-
tary; Mrs. Sydney Hllrwitz, cor
responding secretary: Mrs. Sam
Fox, assistant corresponding Sec
retary: Mrs. Max Posin, treas
urer; Mrs. Ellen Silberman, finan-
cial secretary: Mrs. Bob Melnick,
assistant financial secretary, and
Mrs. Gordon S. Middleman and
Mrs. Bertram Abramson, board
members.
Evening star., 1950-05-08

present board members at the
dinner and Miss Jean Benton OF
Chapter K will be toastmistress
The honor guest will be Mrs. Leah
s. Shirey Of Long Beach, Calf
organizer of the Supreme Chapter
Music will be provided by Bar
rington Sharma, baritone. &C.
companied by Jewell Downs, and
George A. Meyers, tenor, with Mil
dred Meyers as accompanist.
Mrs. Coombs entertained Mrs
Shirley, members of her board and
past State presidents with whom
she has served during the past
four years at a dinner last night al
the Westchester Apartments. Miss
Laura Van Duyn Hanson, first
president of the District Chapter
also was a guest.
Mrs. Helen Mcintosh, State cor.
responding secretary, and Mrs
Grace Bowden. State recording
secretary, were hostesses at 6
breakfast for Mrs. Shirey thi'
morning at Mrs. McIntosh's home
1913 Buchanan street NV.
Evening star., 1950-05-08

tary; Mrs. Noel Stow, correspond
ing secretary. and Mrs. James z.
WiSsler, treasurer.
Another feature of the luncheon
program will be the presentation
of bowling awards to members
of the medical bowling group
by Mrs. Frank Kreglow.
The luncheon will be preceded
by the annual business meeting
to the auxiliary to be held at II
a IN. at the District Medical So
ciety Building, 1718 M street NV.
Arlington Group to Meet
The two top officers of the
Woman's Auxiliary to the Medi-
cal Society of Virginia will be
guest speakers at a luncheon
meeting Of the Arlington auxili-
ary to be held at 1890 pm. to-
morrow at the Washington Golf
and Country Club.
The honor guests will be Mrs.
c. E. Holderby of Hilton Village,
Va, president of the Virginia
auxiliary, and Mrs. c. M. Mccoy
of Norfolk, the preSident-elect.
Evening star., 1950-05-08
Mrs. Runyon Goes
ToIduho Session

Mrs. Charles Runyon III, di-
rector of Region XII of the As
sociation of Junior Leagues of
America, is among those from
Washington who will attend the
annual conference of the associa-
ton opening tomorrow at Sun
Valley, Idaho.
Representing the Junior League
of Washington at the conference
will be Mrs. Millard F. West, jr.,
president, and Mrs. Howard T.
Heun.
Mrs. Runyon, a member of the
board of directors of the associa-
ton, will take an active part in
the conclave.
Evening star., 1950-05-08
Catholic Women
Meet tomorrow

The board of directors of the
National Council OF Catholic
Women will meet in Washington
tomorrow through Thursday to
hear reports on the Little Con-
gress of the International Union
of Catholic Women's Leagues re-
Gently held in Fribourg, Switzer-
land.
The board president, Mrs. AL
fred S. Lucas of Birmingham, at
tended the congress.
Evening star., 1950-05-08

LerQOOO " Uc
held tomorrow
and Wednesday
at the Shore
ham Hotel.
A n a u tical
theme will be
carried out at a
banquet at z
pm. tomorrow
for PEO's, Bills
Husbands Of
p EO' 50 and
que S is. Con-
trary to custom,
there will be no
speakers, a n d
Evening star., 1950-05-08
B.&P. Unit Honors Mrs. La Place

Mrs. Margaret La Place has been
awarded the Willis Pin for her
outstanding work in the Arling-
ton Business and Professional
Women's Club during 1949.
Evening star., 1950-05-08

the evening will be given over to
fun and frolic. The Bills of
Chapters K and L, hostess chap
ters for the convention, will pre-
sent the program.
Mrs. Cora Edgington Coombs
District of Columbia president, will
Evening star., 1950-05-08
PEG Banquet T tomorrow

Several social events have been
arranged in connection with the
18th annual convention Of the
District Chapter of the PEG Sis
Evening star., 1950-05-08

The award was made at the
annual meeting of the club when
all of the officers were reelected
to serve for another year.
Arizona sun., 1950-09-29
Open Letter To
CoIored Voters
OF Arizona

First, I want to congratulate the
Editor of the Arizona Sun and
join him in reminding the Judges
of our courts, that in the past,
many of us have reason to believe,
that on the basis of evidence
brought out in cases of the past
Il mean murder cases), the pun
ishment in some cases where Ne
groes kill another, the punishment
has not been commensurate with
the evidence brought out at trials.
If this is true, our courts, must
take full responsibilities for the
free-for-all numbering that is 60
ing on among Negroes in Phoenix.
We want the same degree of JUS
tice meted out to one who kills
a Negro as when Negro kills
a white man. This we must have,
if our community is ever to be
made safe for lawa-biding people
to live in.
Our sheriff's office must also
shoulder the responsibilities, for
many of these murders, for allow
ing such free for all pistol packing
and outlawed dirks and knives TO
exist. If this State has no such
preventive laws, why don't the
Sheriff and county Judges ask the
State Legislators to pass such laws.
If it is proven that one, mali
ciously takes the life of another,
society should demand his or her
life for the crime, and, in all cases
alike, regardless of race. Mr.. Judge
the eyes of law abiding citizens
are on you and the Sheriff's office.
Let us all hope that the County
Prosecutors office is not leaving
a stone untouched and unturned,
in using the same yardstick foI
prosecuting Negroes for killing
Negroes, as Negroes killing white
person.
Rev. J. w. BonrS
11O2 West Buckeye Rd.
Phoenix, Arizona
Arizona sun., 1950-09-29
DR.. Ralph Bunche the Nobel Prize Winner

DR.. Ralph J. Bunche American Negro educator and
senior director of the UN Trusteeshp Council, who
brought the Jews and Arabs together in Palestine was
Bunche has always fought against racial discrimination
and refused to accept appointment Assistant Secre
Washington Dr. Bunche believed that "Jim Crow rules
in Washington rigid that he could not honestly
do good job.
However Dean Acheson Secretary of State last Fri
day expressed delight on learning that Dr. Bunche had
INDIVIDUAL MORE DESERVING OF THIS DISTIN-
GUISHED AWARD. HIS CONSCIENTIOUS AND IMAG-
MISTICE AGREEMENT SHOWED MOST CLEARLY
THAT WHERE THERE is GENUINE WILL TO NEGOTI-
ATE THE ACHIEVEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL
PEACE AND SECURITY is REALLY POSSIBLE" WHAT
GREATER SYMBOL OF THE AMERICAN WAY OF
LIFE?
Arizona sun., 1950-09-29

tai Clinic, Maricopa Chapter Ma
tional Foundation of Infantile
Paralysis, Maricopa County Health
Unit, Maricopa Clinic, Phoenix
Christian Center. Planned rarent-
hood, Salt River Valley Blood Bank
Visiting Nurse Service of Phoe-
nix, First Methodist Church and
the YWCA.
DR.. Trevor Browne, director of
the Child Study program of the
Phoenix Elementary Schools, is
serving as consultant for the pro-
gram. Mr.. Murray explained that
the health needs of the Dunbar
Scnool Community are very de-
termined by a survey made by the
Health Section OF the Community
Council and a survey conducted
by the faculty of the Dunbar
Scnool. Rev. Daniels states that
parents and patrons of the Dun
bar School are enthusiastic over
the potential results of the pro-
gram and the interest in the COM
munity as shown by the teachers.
Arizona sun., 1950-09-29
.Stotion KRIZ To
Open With
Curtis Gray

Curtis Gray, who takes over as
disc JOCKEY on KRIZ is one OF
the most versatile in the business.
He not only talks music, but
Iplays it as well, and can sound off
ION more rnan lourteen inStru-
|ments. Gray plays all of them
equally well, but doesn't mind ad-
|mitting that he's partial to the
pipe organ.
Curtis is also quite at home as
an arranger, and has arranged for
ANY number of bands and combos,
large and small. His arrangements
have been recorded in English and
Spanish and nave led to offers
from any number of name bands,
|but LIle answer is always a deciS-
i've no.
Born in Chicago in 1919, Gray
left the Windy City for Phoenix
in 1919 and matriculated at Ari-
zona State College at Tempe. He
made his disc jockey debut sew
|eral years ago and has been going
|strong ever since.
The first of his race to preside
over a local record show, Cutris
is considered one OF the most pro-
ficient of the Arizona platter
spinners and is figured ito add to
his reputation with his new KRIZ
program. He'll be heard Monday
through Friday at 800 and on
Saturdays from Sis to 700 pm
at 1890 on your dial. He is also
on the sales staff of KRIZ.
Editors Note
Curtis is also a first lieutenant
in the Citizens Air Patrol (Air
Force Auxiliary, the first Negro
in the state to become a member
He is Photographic officer for the
state of Arizona; also rates CAP
pilot with seven years flying ex-
perience.
It is often said, what is Curtis
going to do next?"
Arizona sun., 1950-09-29
What Greater Symbol Of The
American Way Of Life

IN MEMORY OF CALVIN C. ECHOLS, THE FIRST
NEGRO FROM THE STATE OF ARIZONA, KILLED IN
ACTION - FIGHTING TO PRESERVE DEMOCRACY
AND DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES THE WORLD OVER,
AGAINST COMMUNISM-WE WILL HUMBLY EMUL-
ATE YOUR EFFORTS AND CARRY YOUR FIGHT ON.
LAST FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1850, Arizonans
informed and made of the happening of three
historical events-symbOc of our DemOcracy-Yet, par
adoxical in nature with Democracy
We learned of the death of SERGEANT CALVIN c.
Infantry, in Korea Calvin, local lad received his ee-
mentary education in segregated schools and was
graduated from Carver High School for Negroes.
Sergeant Echols was not drafted into the army but
enlisted in 1948. He killed in action somewhere in
Korea Sept T. 1850 while fighting with the 24 nfan-
try Negro unit of armed forces He fighting for
DEMOCRACY AGAINST COMMUNISM. HE DIED FOR
A DEMOCRACY WHOSE PRINCIPLES HE BELIEVED
IN-NOT DEMOCRACY AS PRACT1CED IN ARR
ZONA-SEGREGATED AND SECOND CLASS-BUT A
DEMOCRACY WHERE THE RIGHT OF EVERY AMER
is WRAPPED UP IN THE SAME CONSTITUTIONAL
BUNDLE WE SHALL CARRY ON HIS FIGHT. WHAT
GREATER SYMBOL OF THE AMERICAN WAY OF
LIFE?
The lotion FREEDOM BELL arrived in Phoenix last
Friday. More than 45OO Phoenicians pledged to HOLD
THE CAUSE OF FREEDOM SACRED. AS crowds gath
ered members of the Arizona National Guard took turns
ringing the massive bell symbozng the freedom of this
country Every ten minutes the solid iron hammer struck
the side of the huge bel symbol of the American way
of life. No Negro rang this bell as guardsman-
EVER SGT. CALVIN ECHOLS TOLLED THE FREEDOM
BELL TWO WEEKS BEFORE-WITH HIS LIFE
WHAT GREATER SYMBOL OF THE AMERICAN WAY
OF LIFE?
Arizona sun., 1950-09-29
Dunbar PTA
Launches School
Health Proorum
DR.. Walter I. Mul

DR.. Walter I. Murray principal
of Dunbar School and Rev. id.
Daniels, PTA president, released
for publication plans for COM
munity school health program un-
derway. The program is designed
to demonstrate cooperative effort
in utilizing health agencies for the
Phoenix community for specific
health needs for the Dunbar
School community. In addition, the
program will be the basis of an
in-service program of the facul-
ty. Fifteen community agencies
are participating in the program.
They are: American cancer Soci-
ETY., American Red Cross, Arizona
{ ildren's Colony, Arizona Soci-
ETY. for Crippled Children, Arizona
TB and Health Association, Dem
Arizona sun., 1950-09-29
|NAACP Plan
Sunday Meet

The NAACP will meet Sunday,
October 1, 1850 at $3.50 pm. at
the Shiloh Baptist Church, 9th
avenue and Buckeye Road. Every
member is urged to attend. Our
slogan for the organization is Reg
lister and Vote. Rev. Daniels, pas
tor, will be in charge of the pro-
gram after the business meeting.
Arizona sun., 1950-09-29
EZZARD CHARLES

you You had destroyed something great And the
ond time in life, felt empty and hollow The first
Roosevelt However when you announced from the ring
that you would "Do everything in your power to be
good Champ and do nothing to the record made by
the just leaving the ring My hatred for you passed
mme edatey had respect and admiration for you EZ-
ZARD CHARLES, / KNEW THEN AND THERE-AN-
OTHER GREAT MAN AND CHAMP WAS BEING IN
TRODUCED TO THE WORLD The size of the body does
not reflect the courage and fighting heart of the
GOD BLESS YOU, EZZARD CHARLESTON OBJ
TANNED YOUR CROWN-FIGHTING, GENTLEMAN
LY AND SPORTINGLY-YOU WILL MAKE YOUR
MARK ON MANKIND-WE WILL NEVER FORGET
YOU-BE HUMBLE, YET, so GREAT GOD BLESS
YOU, EZZARD CHARLES /.