Evening star., 1950-05-14

to break up meetings of non Com
munist parties during the election
campaign of 1916.
During the armistice period, the
Soviet ran the Allied Control
Commission without consulting
British and American members,
and obStructed clearance for
American official personnel and
American press correspondents.
Polish Boundary Case
Only a few months after the
Yalta agreement, the Big Three
agreed at Potsdam on a declara-
ton aimed at the creation of a
unified, democratic Germany.
Again the record shows wholesale
violations by the Russians.
One section of the Potsdam
agreement provided that the final
decision on the German-Polish
boundary was to await the peace
settlement. But since then the
Soviet has maintained that the
Oder r-Neisse line is the frontier.
and has approved incorporation
into Poland of territory east of
this line.
Ignoring provisions of the agree
ment about reparations, the Soviet
has taken large amounts of rep
arations from current production
in the eastern zone of Germany
and has absorbed a substantial
portion of industry in that zone
into Soviet-owned enterprises.
Consistently obstructing at
tempts to carry out the agreement
for treating Germany as a single
economic unit, the Russians have
refused to cooperate in establish
ing common export-import pro-
gram for Germany as whole, or
in permitting equitable distribu-
ton of essential commodities be-
tween the eastern and western
zones.
Curbed Political Freedom
The PotSdam agreement pro-
vided that all democratic political
parties were to be permitted and
encouraged throughout Germany.
But in its Eastern zone the Soviet
has restricted the freedom of
action of non-Communist parties.
The Social Democratic Party has
been denied the right to operate
in the Soviet zone independent of
the Communist st-controlled single
political front.
The agreement guaranteeing
freedom of speech and press has
been nullified in the Eastern zone
by Communist suppression, intim-
idation and terrorism.
Decisions of the control council
set up under the Potsdam agree
ment also have been flouted by
the Russians. Examples include
Russian refusal to submit a report
on reparationS removals from the
Eastern zone, and encouragement
of a violent propaganda campaign
by the Soviet zone press against
the Western powers.
Every one is familiar with the
Russian efforts to drive the West
ern powers out of Berlin by block
ade. Under June, 1949, Foreign
Ministers Council agreement end
ing the blockade, the Russians are
pledged to insure the normal
functioning" of transport between
Berlin and the Western zones. But
since last January they have in
terfered with such traffic inter-
mittently.
In Austria, also, the Soviet
fiouts decisions of the Allied Con-
troll Council. A 1946 agreement
provided that the ACC would in
sure removal of all restrictions on
movement of persons and goods
within Austria. However, the
Russians clamped on a licensing
system in 1947 to impede traffic
between its occupation zone and
other areas.
Used Troops in Iran
Russia has a friendship treaty
with Iran, containing guarantees
against Intervention by either
country in the internal affairs of
the other. Under the United
Nations Charter. the Soviet is
pledged not to use force or the
threat of force against any other
nation. But the Soviet has vio-
lated these commitments in it's
relations with Iran. In 1945,
Russia admitted her forces in
Iran had prevented Iranian troops
from taking action against a re-
bellion in Northern Iran. She also
violated the Teheran declaration
of l943 by keeping troops in Iran
beyond an agreed deadline.
A Moscow agreement between
the United States and Russia pro-
vided for re-establishment of the
independence of Korea, pledging
the two countries to consult in the
preparation of proposals for for
nation of a provisional govern
ment unifying all Korea. But the
Soviet representative on COM
mission, set up under that agree
ment. refused to carry on such
consultation except in a way that
would have excluded all but pro-
Soviet political groups from par
ticipation in any Korean govern
ment. The United States gave up
efforts to carry out this agree
ment some time ago, leaving
Korea sharply divided with a re-
public in the south and a Com
munist government irf the north.
There has been little time yet
to observe how Russia may fulfill
its new treaty with the Communist
regime in China. But the record
shows rough treatment by Moscow
of previous commitments to China.