davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-07-02
SAFETY EXPERT WHITES RULES FOR PARENTS

I. Satisfy your chis normal curiosity If don't
him learn the hard way, help him investigate
things safely
Set a good example. If you break safety rules
occasionally, YOU be that Junior will copy
:. Haze your child exaniued regularly by pyscian
Poor eyesight defective hearing contribute
accidents.
4. Teach your child be safety minded Don't
him, but encourage healthy for his security
Evening star., 1950-07-02

Every year more children are killed by
mishaps than by any disease. Hiding
the poison, matches and firearms isn't
enough. Here are four rules that every
parent should put in practice at once
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Senate Unit Approves
0Dwyer by S-io-O Vote
By The Asseeiaied Press

The Senate Foreign Relations
Committee today approved the
nomination of William ODwyer
OF New York to be Ambassador to
Mexico. The vote was 8 to 0.
MIR. O'Dwyer recently resigned
as Mayor of New York City to
accept the diplomatic appoint
ment.
Chairman Connally of the For
eign Relations Committee told re-
porters that Senator Hicken.
looper, Republican. of Iowa, SIM
ply voted present" on the nomi-
nation. The eight other commit
tee members present voted ap-
proval.
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Free Beer Returns
To Korean Front
After GI HowIs
By the Associated Press

TOKYO. Sept. 13.-Frontline
troops in Korea who like beer
will continue to get it-for free.
This is on the word of a high
Army official who refused use
Of his name.
An Army order yesterday re-
moving the one-can-a-day ration
in Korea, raised a howl of pro-
test heard as far as Washington.
The source said today this has
resulted in compromise.
Combat troops had been get
ting a small can Of beer as q free
ration. Some of the boys who
don't like beer wrote home about
1t. There were protests. Beef
was stricken from the ration.
Under the new arrangements
no more beer will be furnished
troops from appropriated funds
taxpayers money allocated by
Congress.
But the Army has non-appro-
priated funds, revenue from small
charges for various items in post
exchanges and theater admissions,
which will buy the beer.
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Are You Looking
For q Used Cor?

For the most complete and
easy-to-read listing of Used
Cars always consult the classi-
fed pages of The Evening and
Sunday Star.
Here's why:
l. Individual car ads are
listed alphabetically for your
convenience. Star readers know
that these small yet highly
informative ads have always
served as a barometer for the
Washington used-car market.
2. The Stars classified dis
play ads offer the reputable
Used Car Dealers of Metro
politan Washington an oppor-
tunity to display their lists of
cars prominently. The Stars
uSed-car ads are neat and
easy to read. Art and type
regulations are conservatively
designed to emphasize the
identify of the dealer and the
cars he has for sale, thus pre-
serving the reliability of the
classified pages.
ALWAYS CONSULT THE STAR
BEFORE YOU BUY.
Evening star., 1950-09-13
By Benz Price
Associated Press War Correspondent

AsSocloted Press War Correspondent
WITH UNITED STATES OATH
DIVISION, Korea. Sept. 13.-One
of the major mysteries of the
Korean war is the failure of fhe
Communists to exploit their
breakthrough around Kyongju.
For a time the situation was
much more desperate than will
ever be known or understood in
the United States. At one time
the coastal corridor to all-im-
portant Pusan was wide open
held" only by the shattered rem
nantS of South Korean division.
The critical period was Septem-
ber ga. All was confusion. Had
the enemy elected to go on there
was nothing before him.
At this point elements of the
Gath Division arrived to put out
the fire. Since then the so-called
big picture has improved steadily.
It now is reasonably safe to
say that the right flank is under
firm control and the corridor to
Pusan closed.
In their push the Reds did sue
coed in cutting the supply road
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Koreo Red Failure to Exploit
Break Through Is Big Mystery

leading from Yongchon through
Angang to Pohang.
There still is a flve-mile gap
northwest of Kyongju.
But apparently a similar gap
exists in the Red lines.
The terrain is extraordinarily
rugged and difficult to supply even
by Korean mountaineers.
A gap northeast of Kyongju has
been closed by South Korean
forces while a United Nations
task force has sealed the bottom
At last reports the enemy be-
fore Kyongju was withdrawing
northward toward Angang, pre-
sumably to regroup.
One explanation for the bog
down was given by an officer of
the Korean military advisory
group.
He said: "You will notice
that these attacks rarely exceed
three days of maximum effort.
I think the Reds have a supply
problem. They can't move their
trucks or oxcarts during the day
because of our air protection
and they cannot move enough
materiel on foot to sustain q
prolonged attack"
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Excess Profits Levy
By-Passed 10 Speed
Passage Of Tax Bill
Buckers Of Corporation
lmpost Soy They Will
Ask Action Tomorrow
BY the Associated Press

The House Rules Committee to-
day by-passed a controversial exS
cess profits tax in order to speed
final congressional action on the
81 .508, 900. 900 general tax boost
ing bill.
However, proponents of the
corporation profits levy already
had served notice that when the
House showdown comes tomorrow
they will try to put that body on
record for immediate action on
this levy.
Excess Levy Perils Bill.
The rules. group acted after It
received assurances from chair
man Doughton. Democrat, of
North Carolina of the House Ways
and Means Committee and Rep
resentative Reed of New York,
senior Republican member, that
the tax-drafting committee will
bring forward an excess profits
tax proposal just as soon as it
can work out practical means of
applying it.
Mr.. Doughton told the rules
group that the excess profits tax
threatens delay of the general tax
bill and unless Congress acts
quickly the higher levies on indi-
'vidual incomes cannot 60 into
effect october l, as now planned.
Individual Taxes Raised.
The measure increases individ-
ual income taxes by about S2.7
billion year, boosts corporation
taxes by SIS billion and picks up
more millions by various other tax
law changes. The individual in
crease is effective as of October /
and the corporate boost is retro
active to cover one-half of 1850
income.
Mr.. Doughton emphasized that
Congress could act later and make
a super-tax on big profits retro
active to any part of 1850 corpora
ton income.
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Browder, Field, Jaffe
Face Contempt Action
BY the Associated Press

Fhe Senate Foreign Relations
Committee voted today to ask the
Senate to cite Communist Leader
Earl Browder, Frederick Wander
ollt Field and Philip Jaffe for con-
tempt of Congress.
The three were involved in an
investigation by a Foreign Rela-
tlons subcommittee into the
charges by Senator Mccarthy. Re-
publican, of Wisconsin that Com
munists had infiltrated the State
Department.
A resolution requesting contempt
proceedings was adopted by a
9-to-0 committee vote, Chairman
Connally told reporters after a
closed meeting.
He said he hoped to get Senate
action on it before Congress ad-
Journs or recesses.
The contempt move stemmed
from the refusal of Browder, Jaffee
and Field to answer questions dur
ing the subcommittee inquiry.
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Plan Reported Drafted
To Merge All Foreign
Aid in Single Agency
Humphrey Proposes
PIon for Economic Help
To Asiutic Countries
By the Assoeiofed Press

A plan to channel all foreign
aid-both military and economic
through a single Government
agency repeatedly is being drawn
up for President Truman's con-
sideration.
Meanwhile, Senator Humphrey,
Democrat of Minnesota, proposed
in a speech prepared for Senate
delivery today broad program"
of economic aid to Asiatic coun-
tries.
Aimed at placing these nations
on a self-sustaining, independent
basis" his plan would cost an es-
timated half billion dollars in the
first year of its operation.
Informed officials said the
single-agency plan is part of a
report now being prepared by Cor
don Gray, former Army Secretary
and new president of the Univer-
sity Of North Carolina.
Mr.. Gray and staff of Gov
eminent and private financial ex-
perts have been studying world
economic conditions for the last
six months at the request of Mr..
Truman.
Tentative conclusions being put
into final form, officials said, call
for unified administration of all
foreign aid programs which in
volve grants by the American Gov
ernment. These grants total bill
lions of dollars annually.
First step in the unifcation
proposal, it is reported, would be
the merger of the Economic Co.
operation Administration, which
(See FOREIGN ATn paoe AN
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Choice Of General
Hailed as Move 10
Unity Home Front
Most Congress Leaders
Pleased. but 6. O. P.
Voices Criticism

President Truman's decision to
name Gen. George c. Marshall as
Secretary of Defense, replacing
Louis Johnson, drew praise today
as a move to strengthen unity at
home and speed the organization
of strong Atlantic defense alli-
ance in Western Europe.
The appointment of the So
year-old soldier and statesman,
regarded by President Truman as
"the greatest patriot" of the times,
came as a surprise. Favorable re-
action was quick to follow.
The move was regarded as
strengthening Secretary of State
Acheson's drive for a strong West
ern alliance to combat the en-
croachments of Communists. It
is expected that Gen. Marshall
would give full and vigorous sup
port to the Acheson policies with
out friction and delays which
have been attributed to differences
between Mr.. Acheson and the re-
tiring Secretary OF Defense.
Defense Stimulus Seen.
Congressional leaders, comment
ing on the impending appoint
ment of Gen. Marshall, empha-
sized that it would bring increased
unity at home for waging the war
in Korea and building up the
country's defenses against the
threat of Communist aggression
elsewhere.
There were some expressions of
Republican opposition, however,
to a break in the country's tradi-
tional civilian control over the
(See REACTION, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Gruening Demands
.SehoeppeI Prove or
Refraet Red Charges
Alaskan Meets Senutor
Fuce-to-F Face, Bronds
Accusation as Sinister
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

Gov. Ernest Gruening Of Alaska
called on Senator Schoeppel, Re-
publican. of Kansas today "as a
matter of honor" either to prove
or retract his charges of Commu-
mist activity in the Interior De-
partment and the Alaskan state
hood campaign.
Gov. Gruening made the de-
mand in a 'face-to-face meeting
with Senator Schoeppel at a Sen
ate Interior Committee hearing
The committee is looking into the
Senator's charges against Secre-
tary Of Interior Chapman, Recla-
nation Commissioner Michael
Straus and Others.
Senator Schoeppel sat putting
on a cigar as Gov. Gruenins
branded the accusations as grave
and sinister" .
II am fervently anti-C Commu-
nist," Gov. Gruening told the COM
II have never belonged to any
organization which formerly or
subsequently was labelled Com
munist front"
Gov. Gruening also criticized
the Republican-controlled 80th
Congress which, he said, has left
improperly defended like
an Achilles heel"
He recalled Senator Schoeppel's
statement in a Senate speech last
week that the Senator feared to
find some day that "a Quisling''
had taken over in Alaska to serve
the Russian cause.
Gov. Gruening said he could not
determine from Senator Schoep-
pel's words who the Senator had
in mind as possible Quisling. But
he said that any one who knows
of such a danger Should be COM
PEELED as matter of honor and
decency to document" and prove
it.
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Fresh U. 5. Troops Due
In Europe by Spring
By the Associated Press

BERLIN, Sept. 13.-Gen. Mark
w. Clark said today the first units
of fresh American troops to
strengthen the United States gar
rison in Europe would start arriv-
ing in Germany before spring.
The chief of the United States
Army ground forces told CORE
spondentS of his one-day visit to
Berlin that President Truman's
decision to bolster West Europe
against Communist threats would
be implemented by the Army as
quickly as possible.
Gen. Clark has conferred with
Gen. Thomas T. Handy, comman-
der for Europe, on the broad plan
for additional American divisions
to be based IN Germany. Details
of how they are to be quartered
an ddeployed sis Gen. Handy's
job," Gen. Clark commented.
Evening star., 1950-09-13
.Acheson Tries 10 Win
Big Three Agreement
On Arming West Reich
By Gornett D. Horner
Stor Stuff Correspondent

NEW YORK, Sept. l3.-Secre-
tary of State Acheson strove today
to win British and French agree
ment for West German participa-
ton in a collective force for de-
tense of free Europe.
How to strengthen Western Ed
ropes defenses quickly to the
point believed necessary to con-
vince Soviet leaders that aggres-
sion there would not be profitable
remained the top priority problem
for the second day of a scheduled
three-day conference of the Vests
Big Three Foreign Ministers.
Mr.. Acheson, British Foreign
Secretary Bevin and French For
eign. Minister Schuman shunted
aside temporarily Far Eastern and
other critical issues to concentrate
on efforts to chart a positive
course of action aimed at pre-
serving the peace in Europe.
They laid the groundwork in a
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Engineer Says Train Was Late
AT Time of Troop Troin Crash

Ohio crash by the Interstate Com
merce Commission, the railroad,
the Ohio Public Utilities Commits
sion and the Army.
Mr.. Eller said he was % min
tltes late leaving Pittsburgh and
had lost another minute enroute.
He said visibility at the time of
the wreck in the pre-dawn hours
Monday was restricted because of
a fog. The crash occurred near
Coshocton, Ohio.
The veteran engineer, described
by his fireman as lone of the most
alert and capable men know, .,
told how he reduced speed but
Continued on Page A-6, Col. So
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Probers Finish
Public HEARINGS
On DC. Crime
7-Month Inquiry
Hears Fay Promise
Action on Bond Rules
By james ]. CuIIinane

The House District Crime In
vestigating Committee today con-
cluded seven months of public
hearings after receiving a promise
from United States Attorney
George Morris Fay that prompt
action to tighten regulations gov
erning local bondsmen can be ex-
pected.
Chairman Davis said the COM
mittee has no further witnesses
on its schedule and members will
devote the next several days to
new anti-crime legisla-
ton for the District.
Unless Congress remains in ses-
sion beyond this month, it is un-
likely that the proposed anti
crime bills can be considered be-
fore next year, Representative
Davis. Democrat. of Georgia said
Further Hearings Possible.
He added, however, that the
committee has not yet formally
concluded its investigation and
further hearings will be called ii
new matters are brought to its
attention.
Mr.. Fay was the last of several
District law enforcement officials
to appear with statistics show
ing what their Offices had accom-
plished in the fiscal year ending
June 80. Mr.. Fay said his staff
OF 35 assistants is sadly over
worked. He urged the creation
OF Is new jobs on his prosecuting
staff.
Committee Counsel Hyman I
Fischbach called Mr.. Fay's atten-
tion to testimony yesterday which
disclosed that a local bondsman
had nothing on his records to
show who paid him fees to obts in
the release of arrested gamblers
Changes Suggested 3 Months AGO.
Yesterday was a striking illus
tration," Mr.. Fischbach told the
United States Attorney, "of the
looseness of certain aspects of
law enforcement processes in the
District"
Mr.. Fay said that three months
ago he submitted proposals for
stricter regulation Of local bonds
men to Chief Judge Bolitha j.
Laws in District Court. At earlier
conferences. Mr.. Fay said, Judge
Laws had indicated he favored
stricter regulation of bondsmen
and asked that the proposals be
submitted.
He anticipates favorable action
on the proposals as soon as the
District Court judges meet TO con-
slider them, Mr.. Fay said.
Il feel the present rules are in
adequate to protect citizens and
litigants," Mr.. Fay said.
Two Grand Juries to Sit.
Mr.. Fay said beginning next
month two grand juries will sit
simultaneously in District Court,
Present plans are to have one
panel meet in the morning and
the other in the afternoon. Each
jury would serve only two months
Evening star., 1950-09-13
'Yanks Shut Trap
On 5000 Reds
In Northeast
Gen. Gor Davidson,
Football Hero, Leods
Swift-Moving Force
By Left Erickson
Associated Press War Correspondent

TOKYO, Sept. 13.-Allied troops
got word today that they will
kick off on the offensive soon
against the big Red Korean war
machine they have battled to o
standstill for a month.
1t. Gen. Walton H. Walker, AL.
lied ground commander in Korea,
said in a fighting talk to his front.
line troops:
Soon we are going to give up
the attitude Of defense -. as
soon as we start forward and
break the crust in front of us,
the enemy will fold.
I'VE can feel a weakening Of
the enemy now. :. In some posi-.
tions they are actually pulling
out"
The United States 9th Army
commander described the long
weeks of delaying action as neces-
sary agony and suffering"
Allies Build Up Power.
Only through such an ordeal, he
said. could the Allies build up
power for an offensive.
Gen. Walkers fighting talk
came as Allied troops hattened
the Red Korean bulge on the
northeast front in a triple-threat
power drive.
The United Nations gains in q
three-day offensive were the
greatest in nearly month. They
sealed much Of the gap torn last
week by Communists in their mas
sive breakthrough south from
Kigye near the east coast.
Resurgent South Korean troops,
driving east from Yongchon and
northwest from Kyongju, rolled
back the Communists.
To the east, q mixed force Of
South Koreans and Americans
rammed shut the southern gate Of
a mountain corridor. trapping
$4,000 Reds.
! This task force was led by ~.
Iyear-old Brig. Gen. Gar Davidson,
former West Point football coach
and right end. 1t was q brilliant
lend sweep west from the Pohang
area by Task Force Davidson"
that trapped the Reds.
HighIight Of Days Action.
It was the highlight Of the days
action on the whole 125-mile war
front. which was whipped by the
fringes of a typhoon.
To the west, the South Korean
9th Division punched several miles
again in their drive east Of Yong
chon. 1t has thrust IL miles in
three days. =.
Units of the division wheeled
as much as miles north of the
Yongchon-Kyongju road.
Gen. MacArthur's headquarters
said the Allies still do not hold q
solid line along the northeast
front. 1t was preached last week
by the Reds. But United Nations
forces can throw fire on any
point. Gen. MacArthur's spokes-
man added.
North and northwest Of Taegu
the situation was described az
continuously fluid"
LIST Cavalry Attacks Hill.
Jack Macbeth, Associated Press
correspondent, said 1st Cavalry
units launched another attack
against an important hill eight
miles due north of Taegu. This
was in the immediate area where
the foot troopers stormed and won
(COntinued on PAGE Az Col IL
Evening star., 1950-09-13
By the Associated Press

PITTSBURGH, Sept. ia
Pennsylvania Railroad engineer
testified today he was trying to
make up time when his crack
passenger train rammed the rear
OF a troop train, killing 33 Ma
tional Guardsmen.
The troop train was carrying
members of the Pennsylvania 28tn
Division to begin active service at
Camp Atterbury, Ind.
William Eller. 65-year-old en-
gineer of the Pennsylvania's
Spirit of st. Louis" spoke in
near whispers at the opening of
an investigation into the fatal
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Stories Related
To Page ! News
Relating to Marshall.

Relating to Marshall.
Marshall Appointment Brings
Speculation Macarthur May
Resign. Page A-9
johnson Resignation Ends Long
Struggle of Top Ofhcials.
Page AT
Relating to Big Three.
Congress Gets Acheson Views on
Arming Reich. Page Alb
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Bulletin
Rail Unions Accused

A presidential emergency
board today accused the four
train operating brotherhoods of
attempting "to extort the pay
ment of hundreds of thousands
of dollars" from the New York
Central Railroad in adjust
ments of certain claims growing
out of train operation. The
board recommended that a dis
pute now threatening a strike
go to the National Railroad Ad-
justment Board, or q special
adjustment board for arbitra-
tion.
Evening star., 1950-09-13

existing law which bars any indi-
vidual from becoming Secretary
of Defense within 10 years after
holding an active military COM
mand. The exception would apply
only to Gen. Marshall.
The committee acted less than
an hour after President Truman
asked Congress for "early and
favorable action" to permit Gen.
Marshall to assume the post which
Mr.. johnson is vacating, effec-
tive next Tuesday.
The formal nomination of Gen.
Marshall is expected to be sent
to the Senate when the legisla-
tion has been approved.
"I am a firm believer in the
general principle that our defense
establishment should be headed
by a civilian" Mr.. Truman said
in letters to Chairman Tydings
and Chairman Vinson of the
Senate and House Armed Services
Committees. However, in view
of the present critical circum-
stances and of Gen. Marshall's S
unusual qualifications, believe
that the national interest will be
served best by making an excep-
tion in this case"
KnowIand, Cain Oppose Bill.
Senator Tydings said that Sen
ators Knowland of California. and
Cain Of Washington. both Repub-
Icans, voted against the legiSla-
ton. All other members of the
committee voted for the legisla-
tion except Senator Bridges. Re-
publican, of New Hampshire, who
was absent because of illness.
Senator Tydings said he would
introduce the bill Immediately and
would call it up tomorrow or Fri
day, depending on the legislative
situation, for Senate consideration.
He told reporters that what Mr.
Truman clearly wants is that the
exception be made to apply to no
other person than Gen. Marshall,
no other circumstance and at no
other time.
House to Act Friday.
The House Armed Services
Committee also considered the
legislation, but put off vote un-
til Friday since the bill had not
been formally introduced. Chair
man Vinson planned to introduce
1t during the day.
The bill provides that Gen.
Marshall may hold the post of
Secretary of Defense despite the
existing law and that his service
in the Office would in no way af-
feet his status as five-star gen.
eral of the Army. The legisla-
tion mentions Gen. Marshall by
name and provides that while
holding the Office of Secretary of
Defense he shall retain his rank
and grade in the Army.
1t also provides that Gen. Mar
shall shall receive the difference
between his present pay and that
established for the Secretary of
Defense.
Seantor Tydings said he did not
look for any difficulty in getting
the legislation approved.
Tydings Sure of Approval.
81 feel that this appointment
will meet with universal approval
of the American people and will
command respect of the highest
order" Senator Tydings added. II
consider Gen. Marshall the best
qualified person in America for
this position at this time"
President Truman'S formal nom
ination of Gen. Marshall cannot
Continued on Page AS, Col. ~
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Polio Sufferer Flown Home

HOUSTON, Tex, Sept. 13 P).-
Edward H. Rosenwasser, %, of
Fort Worth. stricken with polio
in Europe this summer, arrived
here last night by special plane
from Frankfurt, Germany. He
was flown here by the Air Force
and made the trip in an iron
lung.
Evening star., 1950-09-13

Gen. George c. Marshall, the
man of the hour. seemed to radiate
good health this morning when he
arrived in Washington.
Ready to take over the Nations
defense as soon as Congress acts,
he came in from his Leesburg
(Va) home as usual to continue
his duties as president of the
American Red Cross.
AS he stepped from his car he
found the wide steps of the Red
Evening star., 1950-09-13
Have You Played
PuZ-L-Race?
Turn to Page C-3

See Page B-S for the
third install1nent of
Erie Stanley Gardner's
mystery thriller, "A
Man Is Missing"
Evening star., 1950-09-13

Cross headquarters crowded with
photographers and newsreel cam
eramen.
The general tossed his raincoat
to an assistant. He was wearing a
gray sharkskin single breasted
suit and q blue polka dot tie. His
gray felt hat had youthful peak
in the front.
"This is where I came In" he
(See BIOGRAPHY, Page A-6)