davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-07
On the Other Hand
Miners Have Beaten Operators Again
But Can't Overcome Ills of Industry

1t has taken genius to accom-
plish what Mr.. Lewis has accom-
plished. BY all the rules Of indus
trial civilization, as practiced in
the past, the wages and working
conditions Of miners would be fixed
by the operators. There would be
available a vast pool Of idle miners
waiting to take the places of those
not satisfied with the terms
offered. Wages would be low, work.
ing conditions bad.
Wakes Highest in Land.
But what is the case? Wages are
among the highest in the land
and working conditions are not
as bad as they might be. II, for
the sake Of the argument, you are
willing to give him all the credit,
it can be said that Mr.. Lewis has
done all that can be done for the
miners. He has given them every
thing-except work.
The wages and working condi-
tons are nailed down in good,
tight contracts, but they don't pro-
vide work. In the very process Of
obtaining these contracts the
miners have had to withhold their
work again and again for pro-
longed periods. Strikes, holidays
and other stoppages have been
used to prevent the accumulation
Of coal reserves. National distress
has been disregarded. or actually
utilized, to enforce the miners
demands. Eventually, the miners
have won.
They've won. at least, on paper.
1t may be demonstrable that
they've won in fact; that their
total income during these years of
strife has been greater than 1t
would have been had there been
no work stoppages. This is some
thing q coal commission can de-
termine. Whether or not it is true,
If there now were work for them
all. the miners could take great
satisfaction in their victories. But,
while they've beaten the operators,
they haven't beaten the basic sit
uation.
If the proposed coal commits
sion can do this little chore-for
the miners and the operators and
the public-it will be one Of the
great triumphs Of our industrial
age.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-07
Bv Loweu MeHen

It's a man-sized job the Presi-
dent is proposing for somebody if
Congress authorizes the creation
Of the coal commission he sug-
gests. The commission would be
expected to study all aspects of
the coal industry, diagnose its
various ailments and suggest a
course of treatment calculated to
make it well.
It may be that such a commits
sion can produce the solution
called for, but it is asking a great
deal. For it contemplates the ap-
plication of common sense to this
national problem, regardless of
whom it hurts, and it contem-
plates the acceptance Of the So
luton by all concerned.
The basic trouble in coal, as
has been said over and over for
many years, is that we have too
many mines and too many miners.
That, it is a fair presumption,
would be one of the first findings
of the commission. The solution
then would seem to be to close
some Of the mines and transfer
some of the miners to other work.
Solution Bound to Be Radical.
AS simple as that. But try to
do it. Tell me I gotta close my
mine? That's socialism" Tell me
I gotta be a farmer instead of
miner? That's the police state"
And operators and miners would
run straight to their favorite Con-
gress members for protection. The
resulting row would make the
present ruckus over the potato
problem seem like an amiable in
tellectual disagreement.
Instead of would" the above
probably should read "will." Any
real solution Of the coal prab-
lem is bound to be radical one,
including without much question.
naturalization Of the mines or
something closely approximating
the same under a less objection
able name.
The alternative is not one that
anybody. except the miners, seems
to like. The alternative Is to leave
the problem to John L. Lewis or
somebody of his equivalent genius.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-07
Truman Minority Leader
Senate's Sneak Adjournment on DIP Bill
Dramatizes Lucas Anomalous Position

fighters. Had it not been for civil
rights. the Democratic leader
might have come from among
them, he usually has. Perhaps here
lies one reason they withhold
from Senator Lucas what could
be his rod and staff.
So he has to depend on the
Fair Deal Democrats in the
clinches. Many Of them are new,
some of them are up for re-
election and spending more time
at home than usual.
The Majority Leader is up for
reelection this fall too and serves
on two important committees,
Agriculture and Finance. Never
theless, he has to protect the floor
continuously; yesterday showed
what happens when he doesn't.
President Unappreciative.
It has seemed to Senator Lucas
friends that the President has
failed to appreciate howe really
cranky the situation is with which
Senator Lucas must deal daily.
The President has at times un-
tremendously upset arrangements
made by the Majority Leader on
delicate matters and he has not
paid him that kind Of public at
tention which the services per-
formed by Senator Lucas merit.
This is not a problem that can
be solved by occasionally coming
to the hill and democratically
lunching with the boys.
Senator Lucas succumbed to
ulcers last year but he has grown
both in his ability to do his job
and take its whips and scorns.
Time is probably on his side in
his present difficulties. One I'M
happy aspect Of the LANCER Incl
dent does remain.
1t contradicted that Senatorial
courtesy which oils the machinery
and lets the Senate function not
like 96 quarreling men but as an
effective parliament. Old timers
deplore any alteration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-07
By Doris Heeson

With respect to controversial
matters. Senate Majority Leader
Lucas is only the leader of a
Truman minority. This harsh
fact was dramatized again in the
sneak adjournment OF the Senate
during debate on the displaced
persons bill.
Whenever issues Of this kind
arise, the conservative coalition
quietly takes over. Most of its
members practice a negative CO.
operation; they either vanish or
sit silent. What Senator LANCER
did Monday was to take advan-
tage OF rather exceptional dis
play Of disinterest while the Ma
jority Leader was in conference
on the cotton acreage bill.
The Majority Leader will see to
it that the Senate makes up the
time on displaced persons. He is
also companionable man, proud
Of wearing the Senate's old school
tie. and he will nourish no
grudges.
But he is giving considerable
thought to his problems. He
knows he is not getting the help
to which he is entitled and for
which he has frankly pleaded in
the Democratic conference.
Kind of Civil Disobedience.
The Southerners are Furnishing
Senator Lucas for the Truman
civil rights program. So long as
that looms. they apparently in
tend to practice kind of civil
disobedience on the floor lest they
offend a Republican who other
wise might stick with them on
civil rights.
Politics is q more honored
career in the South than else.
where and tends to attract more
able men. The exceptions are
ferocious but they are exceptions
Present Southern Senator'S in
clude many skilled parliamentary
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-07

have to pay. the danger offered
by the A and H-Bombs, the
never lending speed Of business
life.
One of these nights I am going
to eavesdrop outside the pen and
listen to what Dinah and Bundle
talk about. I'll be sure to let all
you dog lovers and dog owners
know what I hear.
There is a chance that by not
letting them listen to the radio
or look at television and taking
away their newspapers we will be
able to return the dog to his for
mer sturdy state.
Distributed by Mcknight Syndicate. tac)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-07
Absolute Dictatorship This Changing World
Nationalist Wind Sweeping North Africa
Causes Concern to L. S. Strategists

who are strong enough to control
their people.
Anti-Imperialistic Cry Popular.
The slogan Get rid of the Brit
ish and French" is highly popular.
After the war Red agents were not
hasty in pressing their activities,
but they have intelligently ex-
plotted the anti-British and anti
French feelings of all Arabs.
The rank and file of North
Africans as well as their leaders
believed after the war that the
West was strong. It was only
when the French showed them
selves powerless to put down the
Wet Mini rebellion in Indo-China
and particularly after the
United States and other Western
powers were kicked out of China
that Russia began to show more
definite progress in her work.
The victories OF the Moscow
supported Chinese Communist
armies over the Nationalist, sup
posedly supported by the United
States, had serious repercussions
in Africa. The overwhelming
successes of Mao Tse-tung's Red
forces were described as the vic
tories of real nationalist in
China over the hirelings of the
Western powers. It showed the
Arab leaders that Russia can &C
tually deliver the goods" when
it sides with the Nationalist"
while the United States is inca
pable of actually standing by it's
friends when it comes to a mill
tary showdown.
Students Go to Moscow.
Students from various Arab
countries have accepted scholar
ships at the Oriental Institutes in
Moscow and Baku. After a short
period Of indoctrination they are
sent back as agents, not neces-
sarily in countries like Egypt or
Morocco, but among the back
ward peoples Of Nigeria and the
Congo.
Official Russian diplomats and
trade representatives speak
frankly to the governments and
peoples to which they are accred-
tied. They say that Russia's
major policy is to help people
free themselves of the Vests i'm
perialistic yoke and that she asks
nothing in return.
There is no question Of organiz-
ing subversive actions-at this
time-against the Arab govern
ments and leaders in Africa. All
the Reds are asking them to do
is break off all ties with Western
countries which in the past dom
mated the scene. If they are
successful in doing this they can
be sure that African territory,
from the Mediterranean to the
Congo, will be denied to the
Western powers in event Of an
Easily conflict.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-07

Daniel Schitea makes a living
by putting wings on secretaries
fingers. BY introducing them to
the new SMITH-CORONA Office
Typewriter! II you'd like to learn
how the new SMITH-CORONA
can step up your tipping speed,
ease and accuracy, give him a
call, during office hours, at MI.
5000. Daniel will arrange a tree
trial at no obligation whatever!
I q
Evening star., 1950-09-11
Johnson Unperturbed
He Checks Report Of Imminent Ouste,
To See if He Should Take it Seriously

engage In summary dismissals. In
the past they have given many a
nudge to such situations and are
certain to do the same In the
future.
Krug Case Recalled.
The case of former Secretary Of
the Interior Krug Is q recent Illus
tration In point. MIR. Krug. who
had no political background to
shore him up In his job. made the
mistake of relaxing on some of
the departments far-fiung mat
ters while spending a good deal
of his time on his own affairs.
Since his travel accounts were a
matter Of record. as are every
Government servants. it did not
prove too difficult to show the
President that this was so. -
The President fumed and began
to ask questions on his own. When
an obvious conflict arose next in
volving Interior policy the word
went out that Mr.. Krug never
would be missed. By that time
Mr.. Krug had been reading the
stars. too. He resigned in pleas
ant exchange Of letters which
fooled nobody.
Presidents have been known,
too. to succumb to irritations or
opinions and then change their
minds. At 11:15 one morning MFR.
Truman told a Senator that uni
versal military training was a
must. BY HAS the same morning
he had decided that 1t could well
be postponed.
Secretary johnson has long
been the object of one Of the
Capitals famous big-name hunts.
3ut since he. too. has lived by the
sword 1t will not seem too harsh
to many people that he should
perish by 1t.
Evening star., 1950-09-11
THE EVENING STAR, Washington D. c. Ali


on an accordion pleated skirt that
was made of custard or meringue
pie. How they got there I don't
know, because my face is not made
Of meringue. and even If it were
I would not give a dinner dance
for a bunch Of small chickens.
Something in my chemical make
UP, suppose.
Standard Number OF Chins.
When the photographer Of 1895
saved my kisser for posterity he
used camera large enough to
include my jaw and chin. That
was all right then, because I had
only the standard number and size
of each. But with the passing
of four and ten years I have
gathered material for my Jaw
and chin much as other people
Evening star., 1950-09-11

collect stamps, antique love seats.
and snuff boxes. AS a result, my
face from the eyes down. looks
no more like 1t did in 1885 than
the section from eyes up does.
The whole impression that I
fear I am going to give to the
examiner in New York
is that of a st. Bernard dog.
Chances are I'll have to show q
rabies certificate and la letter
from my veterinarian to stand
even a chance Of gaining re-entry
into the United States.
AS for jeans picture-well, after
all I was born in the Deep South.
sub, and so I'll just skip over
what the years have done to the
child who once tripped so lightly
down the aisle with me.
distributed By McNaught Syndicate. Ine)
Evening star., 1950-09-11

r p u ncanS, An'"As L. S'oAes'
which provided ready excuse for
the draft" now so familiar in
Tom Dewey's career, it gives the
party the voice and influence OF
it's leader to outline issues for the
national campaign as an active
candidate. He made 1t clear in
his speech accepting the nomina-
ton that he will stress the ma
tional issues by using Korea as a
springboard to assail the admins
tration's foreign policy and what
he called the Shameful state of
our military establishment-and
in vigorous, old-fashioned politi-
cal language rather than the
dulcet rhetoric of his 1948 per-
formance as a presidential candi-
date.
But, beyond the impending elec-
ton, Tom Dewey's re-emergence
in a political role is bound to
have important effects on his
party and its future course, with
1852 foremost, if he becomes Gov
ernor again for a third time-and
that is a much better than $3.50
bet.
Keeps His Hand In.
The governorship offers him, as
it has for so long, both an official
position from which to keep his
hand in national party affairs and
a forum for expressing his views.
More important still, however, it
will give him continued control
of New York's numerous delega-
ton to the national convention,
and all the influence that bestows,
Evening star., 1950-09-11

anu In MS QAy ~ NAs"'
has stalked a fair amount OF big
game. In 1910 he failed to bring
down Secretary Of War Woodring
but in 1949 he co-operated effec-
lively with other factors that were
making Defense Secretary Forres-
tails resignation inevitable.
Better than most, he knows the
tortuous path Of the planted
story which may be the annoying
but not fatal invention Of a foe
but which conceivably represents
a gentle hint straight from the
horses mouth.
Finds Few Clues.
His weekend problem was to
parse the published story. its au-
thor who is an experienced White
House correspondent. and It's
probable source SO as to deter
mine how seriously he ought to
take it. The somnolent week end
here, a last gasp Of the Washing
ton summer. furnished few clues.
OF late . significant number Of
those who see the President regu-
larly have Joined in the anvil
chorus against the Defense Sec
retary. No direct presidential
comment. however. has been re-
layed and when the President Ii
annoyed he rarely refrains from
saying so or even putting 1t In
writing.
1t Is natural that Presidents
should prefer to let designations
grow out Of situations rather than
Evening star., 1950-09-11

that are stapled in the front Of
our passport were taken In 1885
when we went to Berlin for the
Olympic Games.
In IA years a lot can happen,
even to the world, SO it's not hard
to imagine what it can do to a
relatively small thing like a
human face. If my face could
ever rightly be called small or
human.
In 1886 (all this from my re-
markable memory, aided only
slightly by half a dozen peeks
into an almanac) the Italians
occupied Adds Ababa. the Guffey
Coal Act was found constitutional
by the Supreme Court. Rudyard
Kipling and John Gilbert died. the
Japanese withdrew from naval
conference at London, and Hitler
sent troops into the Rhineland.
Had Hair in, 1886.
Well, since my picture was taken
in 1886 you would guess by look
in at me today that the Italians
had occupied it along with Adds
Ababa, that it had been found
unconstitutional by the Supreme
Court. and that it had passed
away with Kipling.
Those who know me now won't
believe 1t, but had hair then.
Quite a lot Of it. Every bit as
much as a man could pull out Of
a lions name, using both hands.
MY forehead resembled a forehead,
not a typographical map Of the
Mojave Desert.
Looking at the McLemore face.
circa 1850, and the 1886 passport
picture. one is Immediately struck
by the difference In the eyes.
Fourteen years ago my eyes were
a full one-sixteenth of an inch
open, steel-blue look associated
more with marines and aviators
than newspaper men. Today that
opening has been narrowed con-
siderably and I give the impress
sion Of a man who has lost his
piece Of smoked glass looking
at an eclipse Of the sun.
Surrounding my eyes-envelop-
ing them would be nearer the
truth-are lines and criss-crosses
which resemble the pattern a host
of small chickens would make If
they danced for an hour or two
Evening star., 1950-09-11
This Changing World
Military Quarters Feel Chinese Reds
Are Throwing Troops at u. n. in Korea

be experienced. attle-hardened
veterans.
Hence, the conclusion Of our
military men Is that the new
forces which have been carrying
on the determined offensive
aimed since September at break
ing through our principal defense
lines are Chinese Communists.
The Army Department In Wash
ington released the news recently
that 20 Chinese Red divisions had
been located some time ago on the
Yalu River. which Is the Korean
Manchurian border.
We know that the Chinese
Communist Goth and 67th Armies
were moved to Mukden July IL.
Gen. Lin Piao'S 40th Army was
moved from Hankow to Tientsin
on July Is. The Chinese Reds
55th, Seth and 57th Armies, under
the command Of Gen. Mich Yung-
chen, moved across the Yalu River
into North Korea during August,
according to recent information.
Reserves" Provide Problem.
1t is true that among these
armies there are at least two divi-
sions composed Of Korean ma
tionals who have participated in
the war as component parts of
the Chinese Communist forces. But
the rest of these forces, totaling
about 250.000 men, are Manchu-
rians or Chinese from the North
ern provinces.
The presence Of these reserves"
in the battle explains why, in spite
of the enemy's heavy losses in re-
cent attacks along the l20-mile
front from Pohang to MaSan. the
enemy's power was only slowed and
not stopped. After suffering heavy
casualties the Red Koreans re-
form and start all over again.
The truth is that the heavily
damaged divisions are never reor-
ganized. They are replaced imme-
diately by fresh troops. In the re-
cent offensive, which began Sep
tember ]. the Communists threw
into battle at least 10000 men,
that is to say. 10000 more than
the entire remaining North Ko-
rean army. They have ample tank
forces when according to our es-
Inmates. all the tanks they pos
sessed on June 25 already had
been destroyed.
The only explanation Of the Ko-
rean miracle" is that the Chi
nese Communist forces. which
were definitely identified last
month as being on the Korean
border. have moved in and now
are fighting under the North Ko-
rean banner.
According to reports from the
battlefront, every new American
regiment which is sent to the front
as replacement or reinforcement
finds itself opposing full division.
This is a matter which the
United Nations should investigate.
For diplomatic reasons such an
investigation at present is inad-
visable. since the Chinese Reds
participation cannot legally" be
proved. All the enemy forces wear
North Korean insignias on their
uniforms.
Evening star., 1950-09-11


and about $50 tanks.
In spite Of criticism of the in
telligence service, aimed to excuse
the mistakes and lack of foresight
of other branches of the Govern
ment, our military intelligence and
the Central Intelligence Agency
had very good Recommendation of
the strength of the enemys
AS far back as last January,
Central Intelligence had given ad-
equate warnings that the North
Koreans were completely capable
of starting an invasion. In May
Maj. Gen. Charles Willoughby
Gen. MacArthur's intelligence
chief, warned that the Red Ko-
reans might strike in the en-
suing few weeks.
Both the Army and Central
Intelligence had. the full and de-
tailed order of battle of the North
Korean army down to the bat
talon level and their equipment.
Campaign on 20 days.
The Korean campaign has been
in progress for more than rs
days and a conservative estimate
places the North Koreans losses
at no less than 100,0 men. Con-
Sidering their original strength,
that would leave only $4,000 avail
able at the front.
An equally conservative esti-
mate places the tank losses of
the enemy at 167. that is to say
about II more than the original
number the North Koreans pos
sessed. This figure is based not
on claims Of aviators and gun
ners, but on the reports of agents
who have infiltrated behind the
lines and have actually counted
noses"
Thus, in the third month of the
war the North Korean forces
should have been reduced to co.
900 men and no tanks. Yet they
continue massive attacks with
tens of thousands of men and nu-
merous heavy tanks.
In some quarters it is said that
the North Koreans have impressed
into service every ble-bodied man
they could lay hands on and have
sent them into action without
more than few days training.
This is not supported by our men
at the front. The skill and ability
of the enemy show his troops to