davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-03-23
NORTHWEST COAST
 HIT BY GALES AND
 STEADY D0WNp0jR

PORTLAND, oregon, March 23- lPl-Gale force winds swept the Oregon and Washington coasts to- day, accompanied by steady rain.
 Cape St. James on the southern tip of Queen Charlotte Islands was hit this morning by hurricane force winds of 78 miles an hour
 The Weather Bureau at 10:3C am. reported winds off Cape Blanco at 55 to 60 miles an hour The Columbia River Lightship re- ported 40-mile winds.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-03-23
British Issue
 White Paper 10
 Bar African Kinc
(By Associated Press)

The British Labor government has issued white paper saying it considers Seretse Khama unfit to rule his African tribe. The paper said the elected tribal chief dis qualified himself by marrying a white English girl in 1948. Seretse told newsmen that his people ac- cepted him and that he didn't see why it concerned the British more than his own people.
 -. WEATHER REPORT . In Juneau--Maximum AT: . minimum 32. . At Airport-M Maximum 45; . minimum 28. . 20 R F. c AST . Duncan ana vieinityb . . Fair tonight with lowest . temperature 30 degrees. Part . . ly cloudy Friday with high . . est temperature 45. . sP RECI IPIT TATlO N . . tPast 2s hours ending 7;3o am. tods, . City of Jumeau-.03 inches; . since March 1-2.88 inches; . since July 1--6013 inches. . At Airport--Trace; . since March 1-.85 inches; . since July l-39.54 inches. .
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-03-23
CAT TRANSPORT CRASHES

ROME, NY, March 23-RH-An Air Force CAT transport plane crashed and burst into flames in a driving snowstorm here today One man was killed and another was injured slightly.
 Three others escaped injury.
 The crash occurred while the plane was taking off from Griffiss Air Force base, about four miles north of Rome in Central New York.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-03-23
sEATTLEITE VISITS

Lloyd M. Bell of Seattle is stop ping at the Baranof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-03-23

(Continued on Page Four)
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-06-15
ROckp0rt

Mr.. and Mrs. d. c. Campbell spent
Thursday with Mr.. and Mrs. II. c..
Wilson in Columbus.
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Barnett and
son David spent the week end with
Mr.. and Mrs. w. E. Marshall. Little
Jayne Barnett who had been visiting
her grandparents the past week re-
turned to their home in Wooster
with her family, Sunday afternoon.
Guest Day will be observed by the
Profit and Pleasure club with a meet
ing in the home of Mrs. William
Althaus with Mrs. F. I. Marshall as
assistant hostess, the afternoon of
Wednesday, June 81.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lysle Cahill and
daughter Lynne of Cleveland arrived
Saturday to spend several days with
Mr.. and Mrs. Orlo Marshall.
Harold Marshall, ]. C. and Edgar
Begg attended a meeting of the
Farmers Club at Mirror Lake near
Lima last Thursday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. William Reichenbach
and sons Roy and Robert of near
Bluffton and Mr.. and Mrs. Roger
Mayberry and daughter Beverly were
Sunday dinner guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. Glen Mayberry and daughter
Rose Leigh.
Mrs. Walter Cupp and Mrs. Harold
Marshall attended a meeting of the
Au Revoir Club held in the home OF
Mrs. Mary PETER in Pandora last
Thursday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Delmer Smith, sor
Kent and daughter JEANNE of Cleve.
land were here for the week enc
with Mr.. and Mrs. ]. O. Cupp anc
Miss Edythe Cupp.
Rose Leigh, daughter of Mr.. ant
Mrs. Glen Mayberry will be one Of
the guests of the Lions club o.
Columbus Grove when they witnes:
the Tiger-Indian baseball game il
Cleveland, Thursday. =
Mr.. and Mrs. d. c. Campbell, Mrs
Walter Cupp and daughter Marjori'
were Friday evening dinner guests o
Edwin Basinger and sisters Emm
and Clara in Columbus Grove.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lysle Cahill an
daughter Lynne of Cleveland wer
among those who attended the Stein
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-06-15

man family reunion held at the sum-
mer cottage of Mr.. and Mrs. Homer
Reeder at Turkey Foot, Indian Lake,
Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. L. M. Finley of JEFF
ferson and Mr.. and Mrs. Harold Mar
shall attended services at the Congfe-
gational church in Conner, Sunday.
The pastor, Rev. Downs was d
former pastor of the jefferson church
and a close friend of the Finleys.
Mrs. f. C. Marshall was in Oberlin
Saturday for the fortieth reunion of
her class.
Mr.. and Mrs. August Mason OF
Tuscaloosa, Ala, spent a couple OF
days last week in the Guy
Mayberry home. The Masons brought
Mrs. Anna Mason who has spent the
winter with her sons and daughter
in the south to Ohio to spend the
summer with her daughters, Mrs
Guy Mayberry of this place and Mrs
illiam Porter of Marysville.
Mrs. William Frick of Lima was 8
Sunday guest in the home of hel
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Glen Huber.
The Friendly Neighbor's Club viii
hold their final meeting of the clut
year in the home Of Mrs. Wayne
Kidd, Thursday afternoon of mex
week. The program includes the
following numbers: Song, Roll Call
Installation of new officers, Topic
"How to Add Years to Your Life"
Mrs. Melba Semon; Reading, ''The
Weddin' La Vaun Amstutz; Noel
Wedding, Sibyl Reichenbach, Fay,
Reigle, and jeanette Kidd; Contest
Mrs. Ella Huber.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Leidy, Barbar;
and Edith Leidy of Canal Wincheste
were Sunday callers at the Clarenc,
and Edgar Begg home.
Mr. .and Mrs. Stanley Begg, MI
and Mrs. Theodore Begg and son al
of Toledo were Sunday guests of MI
and Mrs. J. C. Begg.
| Lawrence Begg and son Jim ar
spending a few days on a fishin
trip in Canada.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-06-15

Mrs. Eliza Mcclure with II members
present.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bernard Miller enter
tanned Tuesday evening members of
the Farm Bureau Council No. 13 with
Is members present.
Mr.. and Mrs. Albert Klingler of
Harrod were Sunday dinner guests of
Mrs. John Adams.
Mrs. Hazel Eversole of Bluffton,
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Bartholomew
and daughters Lynn of Lansdale, Pa.
and Mr.. and Mrs. Carl Eversole of
Maumee were Sunday afternoon call
ers in the home of Mrs. Carrie Lentz.
Mr.. and Mrs. Gail Lippincott of
Lima were Sunday evening callers of
Mr.. and Mrs. o. B. May.
Mr.. and Mrs. Byron Milestone of
Lima called Wednesday evening in
the home of the latter's parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Thomas Ludwig.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Hefner and
family attended the commencement
exercises Tuesday evening in Ash
land, where Tommy Martin was a
member. of the graduating class.
| Tommy is the son of DR.. and Mrs.
H. T. Martin, former residents here.
Mr.. and Mrs. G. M. Crabb enter
tanned Tuesday at dinner the latters
| brother, Thomas Parker of Brady,
Montana and Mrs. Donald Williams
and son Roger.
The Past Matron's Circle of La
Fayette Chapter 0. E. S. met Friday
evening in the home of Mrs. Nell
| Hyre in Lake View, assisting host
esses were Anna Cochensparger and
Elva Mcclure.
Mr.. and Mrs. Worth Watt and son,
Mr.. and Mrs. Lester Watt and daugh-
ter spent the week end in Fostoria.
Guests of the formers daughter and
family, Mr. and Mrs. Robert Wallace
where they attended commencement
exercises of their granddaughter
Doris Wallace.
The Semper Fideis and keystone
classes of the Methodist church met
Wednesday evening in the home OF
Mrs. Blanche Helser with Mrs
Helser; entertainment by Alma Hef
ner and Lillian Foltz.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-06-15

X More cylinder capacity lets
you cover more ceres q day =.
up to so with the new MosseY-
Horris big capacity "26"-up to
70 with the ''27."-the biggest
copocitY combine on wheels.
You move olong ot good clip
because strow Is kept open
loose. TO give the resp bar cYlin-
der better chonce to rub out the
biggest percentage OF your gruin.
Leaving the cylinder. strow
moves directly onto the longer.
wider wolkers 50 you get oil OF
your groin. cleuner groin to in
creose your profits 4. more
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-06-15
Lafayette

The Kings Daughters class of the
Congregational Christian church met
Wednesday afternoon in the home of
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-06-15

And BoIonesd Separation
This umozing new MusseY-
Hurris combine principle ossures
perfect control OF groin and strow
through every step OF harvesting.
Every unit hos the capacity 1t
needs to do q better job Of hur-
vesting your groin.
Stop in soon for complete de-
tolls on these new. better Sell
Propelleds.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1950-06-15

cupocitY In the entire combine
to get your groin In foster. eosisr,
ut less cost. !,
The beacon Dillingham news. (Dillingham, Alaska) 1950-1952, 1950-04-13
VollAN'S CIVIC ORGANIZATION

Speaking for rysolf and many other
women Of the WoCoOox We take this oppo1t-
unity to thank David Carlson for his un-
selfish efforts in behalf Of our town Of
Dillingham; He has boon Prosi dent Of
the Town Meoting since It was organi zed
in lS47 and has worked many Long hours.
after he has completed ais days work for
his own Livelihood. to make our town
better place to live-- CORES bonding with
the necessary parties to help promote
the many projects uhi CHI have originated
out Of the Town leetinge He hos never
wanted or expected any material gain
other than that viii CHI we will all equally
benefit bye
We believe that we should all give him
q vote of complete confidence in his
decision to ask postponme Of the P .U.D.
hearing. We feel sure he was doing his
best to save expense to the town. We
hope this understanding Of few Will
not dis courage him in the future from
his we'll meant efforts.
The woo. was organi zed one day out Of
a clear sky in l948 for the purpose Of
raising money for civic endeavors UNDER
taken for the betternent Of our town. We
ecided then that We would retain no
treasury fund except that amount necess-
ary to def@>y expenses incurred in rails
ing money for civic projectss
In appre citation Of the consi derations.
courtesies and cooperation which tho
towns eople have given US during or:
ventures, I wish to submit summary Of
the money raised and contributed to the
following prof ects by the Wecsoes
Town Clean-up GAS
Town piano 200 100
Girl Scout Pledges is 100
Parent-Tea chers Assoc 5000
Cemetery Committee $500
The beacon Dillingham news. (Dillingham, Alaska) 1950-1952, 1950-04-13
EDITORIAL
-s-Ass@sYD1ssna--aAno


irtermingling climaxes. My broken BIZ
cycle, lying useless in the shed, Was
not symbol cal Of my negligence in leaving
- W1ero truck could back over it, but
rather to my narrow childish reas oning,
/, denoted ALL the injustices of God and
society by causing it to be ny bicycle
that was raineds
To the child, facts almost inse parable
fr'~: fancy back up on Themselves with
ghoulish results; facts parallel unrelat-
ed incidents with subsequent disaster;
and facts, dressed by the uhims of each
little mind, become distorted and unreal.
THIS is no catastrophe Of society; it
is just GROWING UP.
As We mature, this glamorous spectre of
misconception and hasty denunciation
VIII. Oh in the spring Of life f1aunts it.
soft before US with elegant dis dain,
gradually loses its influence--as the
king turned exile--and we emerge into
adulthood unconfined by past hallucin-
atlons and fortified with mature UNDER
standingo
AS adults. we smi lie upon the confusion
Of our childhood and temper the steel Of
life with strai ght forvardness and know
Ledge. We are no longer the victims Of
sophism; but we are commandants Of
fact. Issues are no longer tied together
with disconnected threads of reas on1ng.
The fallacies of childhood we're Loft behind
broken and useless, with the bicycle in
the shedS
As we come out With the second issue
of TIE PEAc0Ns the staff wishes to thank .
yea for you- cordial reception &c the
Dillingham; News Many requests have been
made for its cont inuation as a medium Of
informing the public of the many activities
Of our growing town.
We want to remind you again that We
welcome articles Of civic interest for
publ cation if submitted under the
authors signature.
Opinions printed herein not necess-
arily that Of the staff
(signed) Muriel. Ruth and Paul
ELEcTAICIT= WHO WANTS II?
You ask, will I be able to purchase
electri city whom the Roe "a. becomes
reality in the Dillingham.Aleknagik area?"
Tho answer is this, IF you have filed
your application and load shoot with the
RE a.. Board, as we'll paid your $500
Continued next column
The beacon Dillingham news. (Dillingham, Alaska) 1950-1952, 1950-04-13
ELE CTKICJTY, cont .

membership fee for GO Oh such appli cations
thon you are among those citizens who
Will be eligible to purchase electricity,
II your building is Wired in such way
as to pass the necessary ms pection.
In the worry noar future all names of
persons who have failed to comply with
all the necessary red tape in como ction
With this matter Will be posted IN most
business places in Dillingham; If your
namo appears on this Lists please attend
to this natter. e. once, Don't expect tho
board to call pors onal1y on you and ro.
quest that it be done. P1oase, assume
the res ponsi Utility yourself as it is
yours to assuno5
Should plant be installed hore that
could not supply the demand Viii CHI might
Continued page 9
The beacon Dillingham news. (Dillingham, Alaska) 1950-1952, 1950-04-13

In addition to The above, We have pur~,
chased a set Of dishes and other equip
mont Viii oh any civic crgani .at&ca IN the
town is we come to usoo
(signed) Ruth H. Palms2s Tres idon
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES

EXCELLENT TRANSFER business with contracts for sale. Truck in fine condition. S2500 will buy. $500 down payment, balance on terms. Box 865. Seward, Alaska.
 64-65-66c
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10

The 10th anniversary of the Boy Scouts of America will be observed Feb. 6 to l2 in every part of the nation by more than 2,300,000 boys and adult leaders. Strengthen Liberty" is the birthday theme. The Boy Scouts Crusade to Strength en the Arm of Liberty" con- tinues through 1850.
 During Boy Scout Week, Units will hold Crusade Night" meetings when l949 Crusade Awards will be pre- sented. Representing the l2 Scout Regions, l2 outstanding Boy Scouts will make a Re
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10

port to inc Nation" at Wash ington, DC, where the fEcTe- ment was incorporated Feb. !, 1910. They will also take part in an impressive ceremony at Independence Hall in Phila- delphia.
 The highlight of 1850 will be the Second National Jamboree which will see 10000 Scouts and Leaders camping together at Valley Forge, Pa, from June 30 to July 6, including Scouts of other lands.
 Since 1910 more than 16,- 500,000 boys and men have been identified with the Boy Scouts of America.
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10

THREE-BEDROOM HOUSE. 226 5th Ave. Inquire at 228 5th Ave, or call Madison 1855. 64-66p
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10
WESTLING-CLARK NUPTIALs

Alma H. Westling and An drew J. Clark, Jr, both of Sew ard, were united in marriage on Feb. 7th, by U. s. Commis- sioner Anna B. Southard at the Southard residence in Seward. MT. Clark is a radio technician with the Alaska Railroad.
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10
Bow Scouts Celebrate
 10Th Anniversary

The week of February 612 marks the 10th anniversary of the founding of the Boy Scouts of America. Here in Alaska this years observance takes on spe- cial significance as group of picked scouts make their plans for participation next summer in the National Jamboree to be held at Valley Forge, Penn, from June 30 to July 6. This will be the first time in the history of Alaska Scouting that repre- sentatives from the Territory will participate in such a gath ering.
 The Jamboree Committee, headed by Curtis Shattuck of Juneau, has chosen Rev. Victor Alfsen, scoutmaster of the Pal mer troop 654, to be scoutmaster of the group of Alaska boys who will take part. Rev. Alfsen is pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Palmer, and is holder of the Silver Beaver Award, pre- sented to him in 1948 as recog- milton for outstanding service to boyhood. He is also an Eagle Scout. Rev. Alfsen will have two assistant scoutmasterS, to be named later by the Committee, It is planned that B Alaska boys will represent the Territory at the nationwide encampment. Approximately 10000 picked Scouts from all over the nation will converge on the winter headquarters of George Washing tons army for the national con clave. Alaska Scouts will join the contingent from Seattle, travelling with their eight troops in a special train, and stopping over for sightseeing at Glacier National Park, Chicago, Detroit, Niagara Falls, Pittsburgh, Wash ington, Philadelphia, New York, Boston, Denver, and Salt Lake City, before returning home.
 Twenty two Alaska Scouts have paid initial registration fees for the Jamboree, and their applications are being consid- cred by the Jamboree Commit tee. Two of these boys are from Barrow, with their names and other information not yet re- ceived at the Council Headquar- ters in Juneau. Included in the list of applicants is the name of David Gray, Seward troop 630.
 Total cost of the Jamboree trip for the Scouts is estimated at about $400, with the majority of the boys planning to earn all or substantial portion of their expenses.
 Chairman Shattuck empha- sized that troops or senior units not having their candidates for the Jamboree registered yet, should send in their applications immediately, since the Alaska contingent will be limited to one full troop fo B boys and appli- cations must be transmitted to New York before March 1. "The Jamboree Committee hopes that every registered troop or ex- plorer unit in Alaska will have at least one representative par ticipate in this great experi- ence," the chairman said. Tt is imperative that reservations be made immediately, since the big Eastern Councils are waiting to take over the places that have been held for us, if we are not going to use them.'
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10
FOUND

KEYS ON RING at head of stairs in Johansen Bldg. Inquire news paper office and pay for adv.
 63tfc
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10
FOR SALE. MISC.

STOVE WOOD, Fireplace Wood.
 Spruce or alder. H. O. Dufresne, Airport Road. 44tfc
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10
FOR SALE. REAL ESTATE

TWO CHOICE LOTS. One block below school. Reasonably priced.
 Call Adams 94. 45tfc
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10

Classified Advertisements

Classified s sall
  who obprntin
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10

THREE ROOMS AND BATH, west of school on First Ave $5,000,
 terms. See R. K. Peden. 28tfc
Seward seaport record., 1950-02-10

TWO GOOD LOTS near school 1n-
 uuire 512 Fifth Ave. 64-71p
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-07-12
ACTION ON TAX
SLASKING BILL
MAYBE DELAYED

WASHINGTON, July II = tR =
Administration leaders were report
ed today to have decided to put
aside the Sl,o1O,o0O.O00 excise tax
slashing bill, pending Developments
from the Korean war.
The report could not be officially
confirmed Immediately.
One source, who is familiar with
tax matters, told a reporter the
agreement WAS reached after con-
ferences of leading Congressional
Democrats, with representatives OF
the administration.
Earlier. Chairman George (D-Ga)
of the Senate Finance Committee
had said he had had no word from
the White House suggesting that
the excise tax-slashing bill be
dropped. Until he received such
word on the House-approved legis-
lation, George added, his commit
tee would proceed with shaping the
bill for senate consideration.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-07-12
Alaska Float Enters
EIks Parade, Miami

MIAMI Fla, July 12-R-Par-
ade-loving Miamians turned out
nearly 100000 strong last night as
the Elks went on the march.
1t took two hours Tor some 5000
brightly uniformed drill teams,
bands and brilliantly lighted floats
to wind down the palm-studded
and flag bedecked streets.
The parade highlighted the pub
lie portion of the annual national
convention of the Benevolent Pro-
tective order of. Elks.
Every state was represented by
at least one unit.
Alaska's ice-covered float (simul-
ated and giant polar bear (aiso
simulated appeared out of place
against a palm tree background.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-07-12

the United Nations and with the
Defense Department on suggestions
of help.
Obviously offers of troops from
other United Nations members
would be most helpful, Acheson
added -.-----------s---.s.
He said he could not say whether
other countries. aside from Ma
tionalist China, had proposed send
ing in ground forces.
Senator 1ydings D-Md) said
yesterday there have been offers
of troops from other U. N. mem
bers and that they have been ac-
cepted. His statement was made
after a meeting of Gen. Omar
Bradley, chairman of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff, with the Senate
Armed Services Committee. Other
committee members indicated they
understood there had been offers
only of token forces.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-07-12
ByrneS 10 Be Next
Governor, So. Car;
Thurmond Defeated
(By Associated Press

James Byrnes will be the next
Governor of South Carolina and
Senator DIN Johnston will return
to his seat in the us. Senate.
That's the way the results stack
up from yesterdays South Carolina
Democratic primaries where the
nomination is equivalent to cleo
ton
Former Secretary of State Byrnes
triumphed over three rivals for the
Governorship. Johnston defeated
Governor j. Strom Thurmond in
the Senate race.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-07-12
Urban Housing, Low
Rent Law Is Applied
10 Alaska, Hawaii

WASHINGTON, July 12-lR-The
House passed and sent to the White
House legislation to enable Alaska
Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the Vir-
gin Islands to participate in urban
development and low-rent housing
programs authorized by the housing
law of last year.
1t authorizes the legislatures Of
Hawaii, Alaska and Puerto Rico TO
approve slum clearance and urban
re-development undertakings.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-07-12
DAYLIGHT WITHDRAWAL

ADVANCE AMERICAN BASE,
Korea, Thursday - tP = American
forces withdrew across the Kun
river south of Chochiwon late We'd
nesday while a rear guard detach-
ment kept up d logged stalling
fight.
such a withdrawal in daylight
is the toughest kind of military OPP
Grafton" 6 headquarters spokesman
said.
me retreat to new defense line
vas made during two days in the
face of overwhelming North Korean
forces.
The small American unit did a
gallant job of trying to stop the Red
horde, he said.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-07-12

Trygve Lie to urge both North and
South Korea to avoid violations of
international laws of war. He sent
messages to both sides, calling the
reports "gravely disturbing"
Protest Demanded
In Washington, Sen. Bridges, New
Hampshire Republican, demanded
an immediate protest by the United
States and the UN.
Both Houses of Congress heard
increasing demands that other
members of the United Nations send
in ground troops to share in the
battle for Korea, which high army
quarters feared would be long
and bloody one.
There was deep foreboding over
the possibility that the Korean war
might spread elsewhere. The APP
pearance of Russian jet fighter
planes on the battlefront, as well
as reports that volunteers" from
Russia and Communist China might
enter the fray, added to the fore
boding. Washington gravely studied
dispatches from Hong Kong re-
porting a continued movement of
Chinese Communist troops to Man
churia from South China.
With prospect Tor long strug-.
gle-some Washington sources said
it could take until fall to win back
South Korea-draft boards were
under instructions to fill 10000
man quota as soon as possible.
An administration decision on
whether to seek temporary control
over material manpower, wages and
the like, hinged on how long the
Koreans fight might last and what
Russia's intentions are in the imme-
date future.
The United States already has
begun drawing on its mothball fleets
of planes and ships for use in the
Korean confl;.c. Big bombers are
being taken cut of storage to be
made ready and cargo ships have
been chartered.