davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-04-01
FIoridion Peppers Lawrence

It is most disheartening to find that
The Star has permitted itself to be used
as the mouthpiece of Southern race
baiters. David Lawrence's column of
March % has made The Star just that.
however. Obviously he is writing an
article which is to be reprinted in Flor
ida newspapers, notoriously anti-Pepper.
anti-civil rights newspapers, as the dis
interested view of Washington corre-
spondent for Florida consumption.
The civil rights issue in Florida, de-
spite Mr.. Lawrence, is the civil rights
issue anywhere. Are Negroes American
citizens, or are they not? That is the
issue. The issue is not whether the "big
national unions are to control who
shall go to the United States Senate in
behalf Of Florida"
For years the Southern Negro has
looked for Southern champion of his
rights. We have given him a Bilbo.
Rankin, Talmadge. Messrs. Byrd,
George and Hill have done little better
than keep quiet on the issue. But now
The Star can blame the national
Evening star., 1950-04-01

and responsibilities likewise It is his
duty to consider the consequences of his
acts. The white man of the South has
made and is making tremendous sacri-
fees in behalf Of the Negro. In this
State his teachers are paid $86 annually
more than the white teachers are paid.
and only some five per cent ct the cost
is borne by the Negro. He should reflect
what a revolution as against evolution
would mean to him. He can pull down
the temple. it is true. but most surely he
would be utterly crushed. Does he want
to do the Samson act? Where is his
racial pride? II he has any, he should
want to keep his social and educational
institutions distinct and to himself.
Just this further observation: There
has not been day since the advent of
the New Deal political philosophy that
Congress would not have forced another
Force Bill upon the South, but for the
Republicans. The Administrations par
ticipation in this fight against the South,
its educational and social structures, is
but accumulated evidence of the desire
on the part of Fair and New Deal politi-
clans to either coerce or destroy her. We
have been protected by our Republican
friends at price. They have lost caste
with the Northern Negro and other dis
gruntled voters of the Nation by be-
friending us. How much longer shall we
show lack Of appreciation?
Pittsboro, N. C. John w. Hester.
Evening star., 1950-04-01
The One e-Porty System

The Republicans appear to be very
hopeful of their chances in the coming
elections, but it's fairly safe bet that
their hopefulness will be quashed by the
voters this fall.
The disciples of Lincoln do not seem
to understand that when F. D. r. started
in big way the business of raiding by
taxation the prosperous and turning the
booty over to others (but mostly to the
faithfuD, he laid the groundwork for
the end of the two-party system in
America.
At least, history shows F. D. RS pro-
cedure to be virtually the same as that
successfully used by political leaders OF
ancient times in eliminating the opposi-
ton and keeping themselves and de-
scendants on thrones. The Caesars are
q good example.
The records reveal that all nations
whose people have learned to depend
upon their governments for the material
things Of life, have ended up with some
other system of government than two
party one.
Woodstock, Va. J. J. Sperry.
Evening star., 1950-04-01
CounseIs of Mediocrity

DR.. Rudolph Flesch, who is what is called
writing consultant, is urging teachers of compo-
sition to forego Charles Lamb in favor of Batten
Barton, Durstine and Osborn. He submits that
"the essay is dead and that the business memo
randum is alive" This is a debatabe point,
indicating only that the doctor is intent on
digging his own grave, since Lambs Dissertation
on Roast Pig" still charms the most restless
scholars while business memoranda molder in
folders if not dispatched at once to the waste
basket.
Robert Penn Warren, the Pultizer-prize
winning author of "All the Kings Men, who
might be regarded as an authority on the subject
since he also teaches writing, has this to say
"You cannot teach people to write; you can
only hope to teach them to read" A prose style,
unlike pancake makeup, cannot be applied. 1t
must be acquired. Naturally, If the highest
standard of composition is set at an interoface
communication about the price of nails in Bonn
bay we should have generation of tongue
tied geniuses. The filing cabinets OF today will
Evening star., 1950-04-01

have fighters or you will never get your
bombers to the target anyway.
Underneath these controversies there
has been certain amount Of practical
action in the past II months. Combined
maneuverS have been held on land, sea
and in the air, and are being repeated
this year. A system of codes and signals
has been agreed upon. together with
standard training manuals printed in
Dutch, French and English. A scheme
for exchanging officers between the vari-
GUS armies is in operation. Since the
bulk of the air defense falls on Britain
she has sent some 5000 aircraft abroad.
together with instructors, to form the
nucleus of the new Allied Air Force on
the continent. It has also been ar
ranged that aircraft and other weapons
of British design shall be manufactured
in Belgium, Holland and France.
All this is something quite new in
Europe in time of peace. =
But the real Importance of Fontaine-
bleau is that plan for the overall
defense Of Western Europe has been
made and agreed upon there. No details
of this plan have been announced or
are likely to be. However, if war breaks
out it must be presumed that the Rus
SLAMS will be met and fought in Ger
many and not west of the Rhine.
In fact, it Is q fundamental OF the
Evening star., 1950-04-01
Tracks in the recent snow

Tracks in the recent snow
They intrigued one Falls Church resi-
dent, who wrote:
Il followed the large paw prints from
the hard-surfaced road through my
neighbor's estate, discovering they were
made by walking rather than a run
ming dog.
Il wondered if some one had released
my dog from the yard during my ab-
Sence.
"A short distance away there was
doubling up Of the footprints
'Observation disclosed smaller tracks
the size made by rabbit. which animal
leaves two rear and but one forward
print as he leaps or hops, both paws
being brought together.
II assumed he got away from the dog.
Nearing the entrance of my place. no
tracks were visible except those of birds.
Small prints under the oil tank made
me suspicious of field mice, which some
times get in that way.
Tracks of a cat were easily discern
ible.
Although have seen but three robins
thus far. am sure spring is not far
away. What do you think?
Sincerely yours. o. E. c."
Animal prints are q study in them
selves.
Farm boys used to have them all down
pat. and probably still do.
The neat impression made by claws or
Evening star., 1950-04-01
This and That
By Charles E. TroceweN

paws in snow, sand and mud has in
trigued man since the earliest days.
Plain tracks. still to be read. have been
found innumerable times in old rock re-
mains of past ages.
Some prints were placed on ancient
paintings.
The idea of animal prints gave Long
fellow his famous line about footprints
in the sands of time"
The average suburban home owner will
not be much of an expert in this line.
He will be satisfied, as our correspond
ent. with recognizing those of the dog,
cat, rabbit-and man!
Certainly human footprint made by
shoes in overshoes, point to something
diversified, indeed.
The way people walk has long en-
gagged the attention of physical cultur-
lists. Once they made great how-de-
doc about walking with the feet point
ing straight ahead.
The poor child that "toed out" was
marked for something strange, indeed,
until that way of thinking gave way to
another, boastirg the feet pointing out.
Between the advocates of these schools
of thought the poor schoolchild lost his
way, and may be excused for walking
thereafter as he chose.
American Indians walked straight
ahead. feet pointing forward. and left
no more tracks that they had to; read
ers Of James Fennimore Cooper know
Evening star., 1950-04-01

all about this. Today it is being realized
that Cooper was a far better observer
and writer than some folks gave him
credit for being.
The same is true of G. A. Henty. whose
Cat of Bubastes." with Give in India"
and scores of other boys stories thrilled
the youngsters Of yesterday.
At one time it was fashionable for
the elders to sneer slightly at Henty
as "a poor historian
Todays better view Is that George
Henty, the first Of the war correspond
ents, remains first as a historian. too.
Keeping in mind his prolific output.
and the sources he had at command, the
wonder is that his history is. in the main.
very good history.
The writer here, as q small boy, had
at least 60 "Henty books" Each one had
his name written in flowing hand, not
on the fly leaf, but on the inside Of the
cover (This was done In his absence.
at the seashore. and Mortified his young
purist soul. Such handwriting, he
thought, should not be on the cover, but
on the fly leaf)
All those books were sold, and today
he regrets that he has not a single
Henty book to his name. No doubt many
of them, with his name in the large scroll.
lie around in bookstores and perhaps in
homes still. II there is any such, the
writer here would be glad to hear Of
them. for Henty was-and still remains
one Of his favorite authors.
Evening star., 1950-04-01

be the libraries Of tomorrow. Love letters will
be written in code; and people will speak to
each other in slogans
The dispiriting thing about such counsels
of mediocrity is that they might be contagious.
Poetry and heroes would be banished so that
pupils would not be called upon to aim too high
less they fall too far
Dr. Flesch need never fear that study Of
what he calls "outdated literary models" will
produce too much embarrassing eloquence or
unseemly poetic splendor. Schoolboys have been
coming Shakespeare for hundreds of years and
yet the world has not seen his like again. But
If such one did show his face, DR.. Flesch would
probably set him to writing jingles about soap
and perfume.
Evening star., 1950-04-01


British Information Service Photo.
Brussels treaty that France. Belgium
and Holland must not be abandoned;
they must be defended as far east of
their frontiers as possible
This requires that ground force far
greater than the one at present in ex-
istence must be spaced along the Lubbock
Trieste line to meet the first wave of the
Russian advance. and there must be
considerable reserves further back in the
Rhine Valley. 1t requires scheme of
sighted gun positions and mine fields in
Western Germany. and q plan for the
demolition Of bridges and all establish
ments that might be useful to an
advancing enemy. Above all. it requires
a tactical and strategic air force.
Left to ITSELF the headquarters at
Fontainebleau could never have hoped
to provide for all this. But then some
thing like revolution occurred in the
European scene when the Atlantic pact
was signed last year, and seven more
countries. including the United States.
were committed to the defense of Europe
The Fontainebleau plan at once became
feasible plan. 1t is being incorporated
now into the much wider arrangements
required by the Atlantic pact. It moves
this year from the blueprint stage into
practical action.
observer Foreign News Service)
World Copyright Reserved.
Evening star., 1950-04-01
Secrecy and the Acc

In moving for greater secrecy on matters
having to do with "thermonuclear" weapons
(meaning specifically the so-called hydrogen
bomb, the Atomic Energy Commission has indi
Gated that there has already been too much open
discussion of this subject and that there is q
real need, from the security standpoint, for less
talk and more circumSpection.
Accordingly, the Acc has called upon all its
own employees and its associated contractors and
consultants to make it a rule from now on to
be mum in public as regards any information
referring to superbombs The information ITSELF
technical theories, etc.-may be unclassihed, non
secret material, and it may be openly discussed
in its academic and non-military aspects. The
commission, of course, does not object, and has
no right to object, to that kind of discussion
but it is acting well within the scope OF its
authority in seeking to prevent such talk from
slipping over into the field of nuclear arma
ments
In other words, as the commission has ex-
plained its secrecy policy will still permit the
public discussion of what might be called the
classical thermonuclear reactions" but only In
sofar as no reference is made to the manner IN
which those reactions-a fusion of atoms result
ing in great release of energy-may relate to
weapons. Stated another way, what the Acc
seems anxious to avoid is situation in which
speeches. magazine articles or press interviews,
may so clarity or elaborate upon unclasSif1ed
theoretical data as to make the problems of the
prospective H-bomb more comprehensive not
merely to the American people but to the Kremlin
as we'll.
To that extent, therefore, the Acc is Ger
tainly on sound ground in requesting all parties
concerned-its employees, contractors and con-
sutants-to be cautious in their public state
ments Obviously, given such caution among the
most informed sources of information, there will
be less likelihood of inadvertent but revealing
slips of the tongue BY the some token, open
speculation, whether printed or spoken should
tend to lose au'' 'crtative details of sort that
could be most Illuminating and helpful to Mos
cow In these days OF the cold war, simple
common sense would seem to dictate that we
exercise prudence on that score.
That said, however, there is some reason to
add that the Aces policy draws such a fine line
between the permissible and the verboten that
it may involve highly questionable censorship
of sort that has just forced the protesting
Scientific American" to burn 5000 copies of its
April issue Ours being free society, this extern
sion of secrecy whatever its necessity, is rather
disquieting. What it adds up to is another indica
tion of how the atom, by posing grave security
problem, is forcing democracy to be less demo-
cratic. 1t is thing that needs to be watched
with care.
Evening star., 1950-04-01
Countering the SnorkeI Threat

In view of all that has been said about the
growing threat of Russia's modern submarine
fleet, it is a relief to learn that our Navy Is
making good progress toward meeting this dire
development The chief reason for worry on
the part of our defense experts has been the
knowledge that the Soviet Navy has been making
good use of the snorkel, a German device
enabling U-boats to travel long distances at
high speed without surfacing. Many of Rus
sia's 27O submersibles are said to be of the
formidable snorkel type.
But, according to Rear Admiral G. B.
Momsen, noted submarine expert who is serving
as Assistant Chief of Naval Operations for
Undersea Warfare, the answer to the long
distance submarine, with its target-seeking
torpedoes, may be "just ahead" Admiral
Momsen, who had major role in developing
the submarine escape lung" which bears his
name, told the Society of American Military
Engineers that the problem which has been
puzzling naval experts is not so much the
detection of the snorkel submarine itself as the
detection of the long-range, automatically
steered torpedoes with which submarines now
are equipped. Such torpedoes can travel far
past the range at which a submarine can be
detected by sonar equipment. Thus, an enemy
undersea boat could launch deadly attack
at a point where it would be relatively safe
from discovery.
The big problem, then, is to extend the
range and accuracy Of underwater listening or
overwater radar devices. Admiral Momsen says
that as result of naval concentration on this
problem, he has reason to believe" that solu-
tion Is imminent. If his optimism proves
justified, an epochal advance will have been
made in antisubmarine warfare. 1t does not
pay, however, to be too optimistic There is
always the chance that potential enemy not
only will be able to make the same advance
but to find ways of defeating the new instru-
ment or technique The history of warfare is
replete with revolutionary developments, fol-
lowed by revolutionary counter measures. It
will probably always be so.
Evening star., 1950-04-01
Transparent kewsprint

As regular reader Of The Star, I
have noticed for the past week and at
present change in the production of
The Star. The paper seems to lack
opacity or opaqueness and thus causes
the reverse side of each page to show
through to the extent of leaving q
grayish background instead of white.
Hence. it often causes eye strain to read
the text on such background, in addi-
ton to some amount of actual Offset.
Robert Emmet Burke.
Editors Note: Mr.. Burke has sharp
eyes. In the past two weeks, The Star
on some days has been using newsprint
from the new Coosa River Mill. in Ala
bama. which has just gone into pro-
duction. The opacity of the Coosa
paper Is expected to improve).
Evening star., 1950-04-01
Blow to Reorganization

The quiet death sentence which the Senate
Committee on Post Office and Civil Service ap-
parently has ordered for the bill designed to
take postmasterships out of politics should not
be allowed to stand. There is every indication,
however, that the bill will remain dead unless
there is enough public demand to force its resur-
rection. Here is a challenge made to order for
the Citizens Committee for the Hoover Report
and for all other advocates of governmental
efficiency.
The bill in question would carry out the
Hoover Commissions proposal that all post
masterships be placed on a career civil service
basis. 1t was inevitable that this sensible plan
would run into strong political opposition, for
it would end the patronage system which in
the past has proved means of rewarding "the
faithful" in congressional districts. When it is
considered that thare are about twenty-five
thousand politically appointed postal employees
the interest shown by politicians in defeating
any curtailment of these patronage opportuni-
ties is understandable
p. But the Hoover Commission found that poll
tics produces inefficiency and initiates against
the incentives of promotion" 1t blamed part OF
the postal deficit on the fact that the Post Office
Department is laboring under the patronage
handicap. The proposed legislation would elm
mate the requirement for Senate confirmation
OF postmaster appointments ana would place
these jobs on regular merit basis like other
civil service positions The plan has the 1ndorse-
ment of President Truman, Postmaster General
Donaldson and numerous postal organizations.
No serious opposition to the bill has been openly
expressed Yet, without explanation, the Senate
committee has decided to defer action on the
bill indefinitely" This is high-handed pro-
cedure which will deny the Senate the right it
has of passing on this important reorganization
measure during the current session. The Senate
will be dealing the postal reform movement
crushing blow If it allows the postmastership
bill to expire in a committee pigeonhole.
Evening star., 1950-04-01
School Segregation

I am extremely apprehensive as to
results that may follow the outcome Of
the appeal to the United States Supreme
Court on the part of Negro applicant
for admission to the Texas University
Law School. Here equal facilities is not
the issue, but the absolute right Of q
NEGRO to attend the law school Of the
University of Texas established for and
limited to white students.
All the Southern States that have seq
regation laws have filed briefs with the
Supreme Court supporting the position
of the State of Texas. for the school
structures of the South are at stake
from the first elementary grade up
to and including their graduate schools.
The political is not lacking. either The
United States Attorney General. doubt
less at the request of the President, has
also filed brief (and he may argue the
case personality supporting the Negro
applicant or appellant.
The Texas case presents squarely the
issue of non-segregation- right Of q
by side with the white citizen and his
children.
Perhaps should stop right here. How
ever, can't get it out of my head that
somewhere and at some time we should
place some emphasis upon the duties and
responsibilities of citizenship in this great
country Of ours. Due respect should be
accorded the institutions of people. The
social and educational structures should
be considered. We can tear down civil
lization within hours that it has taken
centuries to erect. It should not be nec-
essary to argue this to a world most of
which has been destroyed within this
generation.
OF course, the Negro has his rights.
But he has infinitely more. He has duties
Evening star., 1950-04-01
Bv AIon Mooreheod

MoNTGoMERY's Western Union
AvA headquarters at Fontainebleau,
near Paris. are rather disappointing at
first glance. Except when the tourists
come through in the summer holidays.
the town remains as calm as it ever was.
The military planners have tucked them
selves very neatly into the landscape.
They have taken over the royal palace,
and each service has settled into sepa-
rate wing around the central courtyard.
So you have Unimer. the naval staff, on
one side; Unioir, the air force, just op-
posite; Uniter. the army, on the left.
Unilion, the field marshal himself. is
about to move into the last remaining
wing on the right.
The Western Union flag-five yellow
links of circular chain on blue ground
French. The top planners meet once or
major points of policy.
There has been much talk Of argument
and disagreement at this headquarters.
but actually the atmosphere is very like
what it used to be at Shaef during the
war
There have been some obvious snags.
How much. for example, should each ma
ton commit to this joint defense?
Clearly at this stage the main burden
has got to be borne by Britain, since she
emerged from the war more powerful
and better organized than all the others.
But under the American military aid
agreements, the plan is to put great
deal of emphasis upon the rebuild
ing of the French Army, for Europe can
not be defended without it.
The bulk of the American arms now
being landed in Europe will now go to
France. Later, when France is restored
and the other Atlantic pact countries
especially Italy. have got their forces re-
equipped it is quite possible that some
thing will be done to re-arm the Ger
mans in the Western zones That prob
lem has already been discussed and
shelved for about year. There are no
arms available for re-equipping the Ger
mans now anyway.
Again, where do the air priorities lie
do you put the bulk Of your money and
your best efforts into short-range fighter
aircraft and ack-ack defense?
Or do you concentrate upon tactical
bomber with 400 or 500 mile range
that can strike at the Russian COM
munications at the first moment of con-
f1ict? The bomber school argues that,
no matter how good your defense. some
aircraft are going to get through and
so you might as we'll decide to suffer
your losses at home and simply hurt
the enemy more than he hurts you. The
defense school replies that you must