davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-05-07

ciate secretary OF the General
Council of the Congregational
Christian Churches, told the con-
ference that about half a dozen
denominations have changed their
structures to give an important
places to enlistment programs
since 1945.
Our greatest effort during these
next few years." he said, will be
to help pastors interpret church
vocations among families in their
churches, and to confront youth
with the most dynamic representa-
tives Of church vocations them
selves"
Another movement growing
among ProtestantS involves the
holding of religious retreat sto give
laymen an opportunity to take
moral inventories Of themselves
and to encourage them to lead
more spiritual lives.
The movement, which first
showed signs of active growth
among the Protestant laity four
or five years ago, is modelled some
what after the system prevalent
in Roman Catholic dioceses.
Barkley Opened Retreat.
Last summer, about $500 dele
gates from Is States attended the
first national laymen's retreat of
the Disciples of Christ. held at
Paris, KY. The retreat was opened
with an address by Vice President
Barkley, who told the laymen they
must work in "the dark, quiet
places, without benefit of pub
licity," to help bring about a
world in which men would be free
to believe and worship as they
wished.
One group that has been out
standing in promoting spiritual re-
treats among Protestants is the
Laymen's Movement for a Chris
tian World. Sponsors of Laymen's
Sunday observances, labor-man-
agement conferences and other ef-
forts designed to coordinate re-
ligion with everyday life, the Lay
mems Movement contends that re-
treats can be valuable means ito
make use of spiritual values in our
jobs and in all other contacts"
Evening star., 1950-05-07
School Children on Air

Children from 5 to IL years of
age participate in script writing
and broadcasting over the internal
radio station established in the
Hessie County Primary School in
East Yorkshire, England. q
Evening star., 1950-08-20
This Week in the Garden

Vegetable gardeners may still
plant radishes. lettuce. spinach.
kale and garden peas. Place the
seed a little deeper than in the
spring. firm the seed into the soil
to insure moisture for germina-
tion-it may pay to soak the fur
row before placing the seed.
Spread compost or other materials
to prevent the soil from crusting
over the seed row.
Plants or shrubs that wilt during
the heat of the day may have in
sufficient moisture. Try mulching
or, If practical, lift the plants and
incorporate generous quantities of
compost or peatmoss into the soil.
The first method will reduce loss
of moisture due to evaporation.
The second is to increase the wa
ter-holding capacity of the soil at
the plants roots.
This is the season when the red
spider mite does the most damage
to evergreens. phloX and other
plants. In case of doubt as to the
presence of the red spider spread
a sheet of paper or white cloth
beneath a plant and strike it Wig
orously once or twice. The mites,
which are tiny as spects of pep
per. may be seen against the white.
busting sulphur. nicotine sui
phate and lime sulphur are old
remedies for their control. Cur
rent preference is for the HETP
(Hex ethyl tetraphosphate)
which is sold under various trade
''~'''|' )eg(..> 1Qt
If the lawn shows bare or badly
moth eaten appearing spots. check
to see if the turf is loose-and
can be rolled up like a rug.
Chances are that the Japanese
beetle grubs have eaten the roots.
TT this is tho caSe an,lv chlnrdape
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Rose Tour, Shows
Planned for Fall

The Potomac Rose Society will
sponsor a trip September 9 to
West Grove, Pa, to attend the ira
ditional Red Rose Rent Day cere-
mony and to inspect the Conrad
Pyle Star Rose gardens.
Detailed information concerning
the tour may be obtained from
Mrs. George A. McCauley, tour
chairman, 1901 North Stafford
street, Arlington. +e'a
Other fall events Of interest to
gardeners will be the Potomac
Rose Society's annual fall rose
show, to be held September 30 and
October L In the foyer Of the Na-
tional Museum, and the Alex
andria Flower Show. scheduled for
September % and "a at the Alex
andria Recreation Building, 1905
Cameron street, Alexandria.
The Alexandria show is spon-
sored by the Alexandria Garden
Club; the garden sections of the
Alexandria, Belle Haven and Bev-
erly Hills Women's Clubs; the
Fairfax Garden Club: the Hunt
ing Creek Garden Club; the Ar
lington Neighborhood Garden
Club; the Yates Garden Club, and
the Potomac Rose Society.
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Roses Require
Special Care
In Hot Weuther
Hot. dry summer weather is not

Hot, dry summer weather is not
a serious problem to rose garden
ers provided they follow a regular
program Of watering. wedding,
spraying and feeding to keep
plants in the best possible condi-
ton.
The most important phase of
rose culture during hot weather
is regular watering to maintain a
steady flow of nourishment
through the plants. A generous
supply of water will produce
sturdy and more vigorous plants
and will increase the quantity and
quality of blooms. It will also
help to condition the roses for the
severity of winter.
Roses of exceptional hardness
such as Fashion, Mission Bells,
Capistrano and Suffers Gold,
winners of the famous all-America
rose award for 1850 are able to
Withstand long dry spells. but
given sufficient water they will
produce the truly spectacular re-
suits Of which they are capable. .
Water Thoroughly.
It is all important that water
ing be thorough. This means that
the soil must be soaked to a depth
of at least 10 inches without wet
ting the foliage.
Wedding Is a garden job that
never ends, but it can be greatly
simplified by the use Of mulch
If you have not already applied
peat moss, buckwheat hulls, COM
post, well-rotted manure or some
appropriate shredded material. ii
should be done as soon as pos
sible. Mulching helps to keep
down weeds and to keep the soil
in the rose bed damp and cool
Sturdy, prolific roses will bene-
At from an application Of plant
food in August. Well rotted
manure or some other organic
fertilizer worked into the soil
around each plant will bring ex-
cellent results. or a heaping table
spoon of commercial plant food
applied around each plant at
intervals from early spring to
August, will keep roses healthy
and vigorous.
Spraying or busting to control
fungus diseases and insects is an
other important summer !chore.
Here again, the regular program
will control blackspot and mildew,
the main fungus diseases, and the
major insect pests such as aphids
Japanese beetles, red spider,
thrips, and rose bugs. Sprays or
dusts should be applied at To-day
intervals during the early morn
ing or late afternoon.
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Life in the Country
Simple Shed Becomes Durable
Structure at Hands of Old Craftsman

For the last few days I have
been building a shed to store hay
and straw under. Or. to be exact.
Walter Hough has been building
the shed. and I have been stand
ing by as sort of an inexperienced
helper. Mr.. Hough is in his 80s,
and can outwork me any day.
AS carpenter I'm not even in
the running. 1t is probable,
though. that I learned a few
things during my three day ap-
premiership. At least, Mr.. Hough
let me drive few nails along
toward the finish of the job. The
way I drove them didn't exactly
please him, but he let them stand.
Mr.. Hough's idea Of a shed
turned out to be quite different
from mine. I thought we would
throw up something simple-just
anything that would hold up a
roof and keep little feed dry
during wet weather.
I should have known better
than to try and get by with any
thing like that with Mr.. Hough.
7 had seen his work. He doesn't
do anything halfway. 1t all has
to be perfect. Even the people
at the lumber mill know about
him. When I went up after some
boards and told them who was to
do the work. the mill people said
they would have to be sure and
get just exactly what he wanted
Anyway, the shed got built and
| it is something to behold. I'm
sure it Is strong enough to support
the Pentagon Building. Mr.
Hough said he thought it might
stand, II the wind didn't blow II
over. He said the roof would
make a good place for sun bath
ing, or for drying fruits. But all
I've been able to do so far is
just to stand and admire 1t.
~
On the lower edge Of my barn
lot is strip of soil that is almost
pure humus. Before we moved to
The 40 Acres, horses were kept in
the barn and this piece of ground
collected the stable manure over
about 10 years. 1t is black, and
about two feet deep.
I noticed the other day that
the cows, when they came up to
the barn. go along this section
and nibble off all of the weed tops
After watching the cows for a
few minutes, I remembered that
I had never been forced to clip
the weeds along this strip to keep
them from growing up and short
ing the electric fence. The COWS
would eat them off as soon as
they grew up.
Now the cows don't have to
eat weeds. They have free choice
of number of grasses, and,
might add, other weeds. There is
Fascue and Landino clover in the
Evening star., 1950-08-20

mainly interested in educational
values.
The show will be held Septem-
ber II at the Bethesda Chevy
Chase High School. It began
first as a display put on by a
group of enthusiastic victory gar
deners in 1943. The Maryland
State Fair Board, in recognition of
the show. grants financial aid
which renders possible many at
tractive prizes in addition to those
donated by firms, clubs and in
dividuals. Mindful Of its value, the
service clubs of Bethesda have
taken turns underwriting the
cb0u
Evening star., 1950-08-20
How to Make q Lawn
AGood Seeded With Plenty of Hunus
Is important for Good Grass Stand
By w. H. Younqmon
Gardsn Editor

The desirability of having a
good lawn is almost universal
among home owners. You may
not care about flowers or vege-
tables or even shrubbery. but you
do want a good lawn. Even the
renter will forego most other land
scaping features if there is a
pleasing turf to hide the clay.
And, that is not surprising de-
sire for no matter how much there
is in the way of shrubbery, flowers
and trees, a moth-eaten lawn i'm
pairs the effect. Similarly good
lawn will offset a considerable
lack of other features in the yard.
The work on the new lawn can
be taken with a certain degree Of
leisureliness at this season. There
is not a great deal of time to
waste, but still we are not faced
with the fear that every day OF
delay means that the grass may
not be well enough rooted to
withstand summer heat and that
expected week or two of dry
weather.
Most of our troublesome weeds
are ANIMALS, the worst of which
is crabgrass. Even though they
start in the fall the frost will kill
them and the grass can start
without too much competition
with weeds.
Also, fall-sown grass tends to
make roots rather than top
growth as does spring -sown seed.
Better Job in Fall.
In the fall we have an oppor-
tunity to do a better job OF soil
preparation, including what is
impossible in the spring. letting
the soil settle. This is far more
important than most gardeners
realize. A soil that is well settled
means a smooth surface. one in
which water does not collect in
pockets to drown the grass plants.
Furthermore, on an uneven sur
face the lawn mower tends to cut
of the crowns of the plants grow
ing on the ridges which soon
means an excellent spot for crab
grass seedlings to start.
Briefly, the essence Of a good
lawn is an adequate supply OF
humus-decayed vegetable mat
ter-worked into the soil to a
depth of four to six inches.
Manure and peatmoss are ex-
pensive, but there are less expen-
sive ways of getting humus into
the soil. We may seed the lawn
area down to crimson clover or
rye grass in the fall; spade that
crop under in the spring. and re-
seed with soy beans, lespedeza or
some other summer green manure
crop. While these may delay the
lawn for a year, they will save
considerable expense and at the
same time provide much humus
to improve the texture Of the soil.
Organic matter is important be-
cause many of our clay soils are
deficient in humus, and humus is
the material that improves the
texture e-lightens it SO that rain
fall may penetrate, yet binds it
so that 1t does not wash away
SO easily. It lightens the soil SO
that the grass roots can pene-
trate readily. Some of our clay
soils are so heavy that the roots
cannot penetrate more than two
or three inches. Fully as impor-
tant, humus acts as a sponge,
holding moisture until needed by
the grass roots.
Indirectly, humus performs an
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Aphids Make Food
That Lures Ants
To Infest Trees

Ants on trees ordinarily are
cause for concern only because
they may indicate the presence of
some other tree trouble. often the
presence of the aphid, commonly
called the "ant COW" because it
produces the sweet. sticky excre-
tion known as "honeydew" on
which ants dote. However, these
ants usually do not harm your
trees, while aphids do.
Aphids are small plant lice
which suck juice from leaves and
tender twigs. sometimes to the
point where leaves fall premature
ly in alarming numbers. Best way
to get rid of ants is to eliminate
aphids, advises w. c. Lauck, field
representative of the Davey Tree
Expert Co. Above all. don't try to
discourage ants by pouring gaso-
line or kerosene about the base
of an infested tree.
Each year. Davey tree experts
find trees with bark completely
dead, all around trunks at ground
level. They are girdled and vir-
tually nothing can be done to save
them. Investigation invariably
shows owners used chemicals ILL
advisedly to rout ants. The Nor
way maple is one of the major
victims. undoubtedly because it is
a favorite host of aphids.
Rarely the ants may be harm
full sorts such as the large black
carpenter ants and the mound
building ants. For them the most
convenient control is usually the
use of ant bats which can be
purchased from garden supply
houses.
Aphids, which are of many
kinds. find happy hunting grounds
on a great variety of trees, in
cluding apple. arborvitae, fir,
beech, black cherry, spruce, box
elder, birch, cypress, hawthorn,
hickory, linden, pine, poplar, red
cedar and tuliptree.
They can be curbed with nico-
tine sprays. Since aphid popula-
tions grow so fast-the pest can
reproduce without mating-it is
advisable to spray over a fairly
large area. Spraying only a few
trees is often unsatisfactory since
they may be quickly reinfested
from unsprayed trees in the vi
cinity.
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Schedules Ready On Harvest Show

Show schedules for the Be-
thesda- Chevy Chase Harvest Show
are available now from Mrs. Julian
D. Conover, 105 Brookside drive,
Kenwood, Chevy Chase.
The show is being underwritten
again this year by the Civitan
Club represented by its committee
consisting of John M. Smith,
chairman; John Cerniglia, Arnold
Hurt, Harold Ale. L. M. Northern,
Rolf E. Turmo and Louis Sordo.
Still another group, consisting of
10 garden clubs and allied inter-
ests, are sponsoring this years
show. Strictly non-profit, it is
Evening star., 1950-08-20

Use a sharp knife when cutting
flowers, in order not to bruise the
stems.
Evening star., 1950-08-20

other function-in decaying 1t
releases a certain amount Of plant
food. In addition the process of
decaying releases a weak acid
solution that dissolves plant foods
that are not water-soluble. max
ing them available to the grow
ing plants.
A minimum application of
humus should be a 2-inch layer.
the optimum. If there Is one, is at
least 4 inches. In other words, a
cubic yard of humus will cover
from 8 to 18 square yards, de-
pending on the depth to which 1t
is spread.
With the humus carefully mixed
into the soil, allow settling to
take place for a week or two.
When satisfied that the ground is
well settled it may be advisable
to employ a roller to further in
sure a good job. However, avoid
rolling if the soil is wet enough
to pack. In other words do not
roll If the soil is sticky.
= The seed may be sown i'm
mediately after the rolling and
then raked into the soil. although
some will prefer to sow it first and
then roll raking as a last step to
keep the surface loose and to
prevent "crusting." Use 2 to 3
pounds of seed-the best grade
per 1000 square feet of area.
Mixtures for This Area.
For the Washington area, rec
commended grasses are: Kentucky
Bluegrass. Colonial Bent, Chewing
Fescue. nlahee Red Fescue, Alta
or Kentucky 81 Fescue and, if
desired White Dutch Clover.
These are all good turf grasses.
The proportion generally recon-
mended for the sunny lawn In
one-third Kentucky bluegrass.
one-third Illahee Red fescue and
one-third Chewings fescue. How
ever, in a dry shady lawn the
Chewings fescue should be in
creased, and In a moist shady
area it is desirable to substitute
Danish bluegrass (Poa trivalis)
for the Illahee Red fescue. The
white clover seed should be sown
in the spring at the rate of "a
pound for $500 square feet.
Avoid timothy. redtop, ryegrass
and other coarse bunchy grasses.
Keep the surface of the newly
seeded lawn moist until the seed
has terminated and become
rooted-this may mean for a.
month if the rains are infrequent.
A good soaking once a week
and light surface watering every
two or three days should provide
all the moisture necessary for the
Shallow-covered seeds.
AS soon as the grass is well
started no further attention will
De needed until it is three or four
inches high when it should be cut. |
Avoid having fallen leaves pile
Up and smothering the new grass.
In the spring a light rolling is
usually necessary to push the
grass crowns into the soil, Fol-
Low this with a light application
Of fertilizer to nourish the grass.
Start cutting the grass when 1t
is two or three inches high and
keep, it, mown, at that height
until mid June when the cutter
bar should be raised to cut at a
height of sone and three-quarter
to two inches. Do not rake the
unless they are thick
to smother the grass.
Evening star., 1950-08-20

come back to the barn lot and
eat all of the weeds that grow in
that humus-rich soil.
1t looks like there Is something
there they want, and that there
must be something to this organic
theory after all. You can't fool o
COW when it comes to nutrition.
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Pull Weeds Late

If weeds have grown so large
that pulling them is sure to dis
turb the roots Of garden plants,
do the pulling in late afternoon,
or in cloudy weather. This will
give the injured plant time to re-
pair the damage before 1t again
faces the summer sun. Even a
few hours will do wonders in aid
ing recovery.
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Agriculture Tour

An agriculture field day will be
held Thursday at Virginia's Pied
mont Field Station, Orange. DR..
Walter S. Newman, president of
V. P. l., will discuss 1.-THE Farmer
and Agriculture Resarch." Re-
search to be inspected during a
tour of the station will include
pasture, small grain and corn
tests.
Evening star., 1950-08-20

Of 5 per cent dust will provide the
desired amount Of chlordane.
Gardeners who have sown
perennial and biennial seeds re-
Gently may be wondering why the
seeds have not sprouted. This may
be because Of a hot soil-it's best
to keep them In a cool shaded
situation until the seedlings ap-
pear. Then move the fats into
partial sunlight and keep moist
but not wet.
Now is the time to fertilize fall
boomers, such as hardy asterS,
dahlias, chrysanthemums and
physostegia. Apply 5-10-5 ferti-
lizer at the rate of or 4 pounds
per 100 square feet. Make certain
the soil is moist before spreading
the fertilizer and cultivate into
the sofia shallow cultivation
will serve the purpose without in
juring the roots.
Some Of the summer Towering
ANIMALS are beginning to look as
though they are finished. They
may be revived by severe shear
ing and fertilizing to provide good
fall bloom. ............-.
If the old iris clump is SO
crowded that the plants are not
Towering as they should 1t may
be rejuvenated now by cutting
away the older rhizomes and mix
| ing a 5-10-5 fertilizer into the
soil about the remaining rhizomes.
This is next best to lifting and
reworking the soil. - '~@
r. - j
Cuttings Of many of the house
plants may be taken now to be
rooted in sand, or sand and peat
moss. If kept moist and shaded
until rooted the new plants should
be ready for potting in 4 to 6
weeks and will have time to be-
come established and ready for
indoor duty this winter.
It is not too early for the final
clipping of the California privet
hedge. Late fall pruning may re-
suit in freeze injury to tender
growth. Clipped now. the new
shoots will have time to mature.
Storm damaged trees. which are
not uncommon at this season Of
the year, should have the broken
branches removed close to the
trunk of the tree so that no stubs
remain. Smooth the cut and paint
with a prepared tree dressing.
Stake tall growing plants. 1t
is much more difficult to straight
en- plants after a storm than to
stake and tie them before the
storm occurs.
AALC mug uot OA-CdIA ~ oCPGCl11DC1
is the ideal time to plant ever
greens. Prepare the planting
holes now. mixing abundant guam
titles Of compost or peat moss into
the soil. This is to supply mois-
ture for fall and winter growth
while the root system is becoming
re-established.
AS soon as the chrysanthemum
buds are visible, remove at least
half of them, or if you want very
large flowers, leave only one to
shoot. 1t does not take long to
dis-bud chrysanthemums and it
will make the difference between
good-sized. perfect flowers and
more flowers than can be matured
properly. 1t is also wise to dis
bud fall perennials, such as hardy
asters and sunflowers.