davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-08-22

"You can always buy railroad
cars. There's no price on people. 4"
That's how Train Towerman
Joseph Callow reasoned last night,
when in split-second timing he
sent a runaway locomotive
hurtling into a string of empty
cars, barely missing a loaded
passenger train.
From the time he heard the
desperate voice from a tower
farther up the line: &c tower,
runaway down on So. There's no.
body on it!", Mr.. Callow could
think only of that passenger
train"
That was the Southerner. crack
streamliner of the Southern Rail
way System with about 200 pas
sengers aboard, which was pulling
placidly into the yards of Union
Station from New York about 9:30
pm. on Track AZ.
Backing north on Track 40 was
an empty Scar draft" of the
Richmond, Fredericksburg &
Potomac, with only three crew.
men aboard the rear car.
Mr.. Callow. 81. was at his post
in c tower just south of the New
York Avenue Bridge when he
heard the alarm over the loud
speaker system from Wire Tower
up the track near the roundhouse.
Sizing up the situation quickly. he
realized the runaway would meet
the Southerner as it moved into
q switch and would sideswipe its
rear. probably sending it plowing
out into Florida avenue.
There.was no clear way to route
the runaway until it could be
stopped. so he did the next best
thing. He switched it into the
rear of the empty r.. F. & P. draft
Evening star., 1950-08-22
|HyattsviIIe Teen-Age
Canteen Complaints
Being Investigated

Complaints that Saturday night
parties at the Hyattsville Teen-age
Canteen keep the neighbors awake
until early morning were being
studied today by a Hyattsville City
Council committee.
The issue came to the fore at
IA council meeting last night.
The canteen has operated for
about five years in the auditorium
of the school in the $500 block of
Forty third avenue.
Removal Requested.
Eleven area residents asked the
council to close the canteen or
remove it from their area. Similar
protests previously had been made
to the Prince Georges County
Board of Education.
The protesting group agreed
that the idea of the canteen was
good and admitted that their COM
plants centered about alleged
misconduct outside the building
on poorly lighted streets and in
automobiles.
j. w. Waldman, manufacturing
chemist who lives at 5306 Forty
third avenue, suggested that the
canteen transfer it's activities from
the darkened area to a more prom
inent place, such as the National
Guard Armory.
1 : Cause of Complaint.
He and other petitioners agreed
that Mai. Ralph Brown, superin-
tendent of county police. probably
was maintaining order inside the
school building, but stated that
. loud noises and general boisterous-
ness after the midnight closing
: hour was the chief cause of COM
plant.
Maj. Brown pleaded with the
Council not to close the canteer
because it helps keep youngsters
off the street and out of more Sc.
rious troubles.
, Maj. Brown heads a council O.
) local civic and service club repre-.
sentatives who sponsor the can.
/ teen.
"The only reason some of these
folks are complaining" Mai
Brown said, lis that they have
forgotten that they were once
teen-agers themselves.
When complaints were made
that it was necessary to police
neighborhood yards Sunday morn
ings to pick up beer cans and bot.
ties tossed there, Russell Haber.
mehl. member of the sponsorins
council from the American Legior
said it was not unusual to find beef
cans on lawns elsewhere ir
Hyattsville.
Afraid to Leave.
Town Police Chief Howard H
Holmes said he has had no seriou.
complaints and 1t. Louis Mackal
of the county police force addee
that he believed activities were
orderly inside the building.
Mrs. Bertha Hislop, 5310 Forty.
third avenue complained. how.
: ever, that guests at her home one
Saturday night were afraid tx
leave because of noise outside.
In general, those who defended
the canteen complained there was
not sufficient interest by parents
Two of about 80, teen-agers also
pleaded with the Council not te
close the centeen because they
have no other place to go.
Acting Mayor II. Wilson Spick-
nall referred the complaints tc
the Councils Police Committee
headed by Thomas E. Arnold.
Evening star., 1950-08-22
Arlington Tolent Show
To Be at CherryduIe

The talent show and awards
program Of the Arlington Recrea-
ton Department has been trans
ferred from -Four Mile Run Play
ground to the Cherrydale Recrea-
tion Center at $3.50 o'clock tonight
because of inclement weather.
The program winds up the sum-
mer playground season in the
county. Talent shows which won
out in divisional competitions will
be staged and a queen will be
crowned.
Evening star., 1950-08-22
Virginia EIks to Elect

RICHMOND. Va, Aug. 20 (P)
The Virginia State Elks Asso-
citation was to elect officers al
a final business session here to
day before concluding its Ais!
annual convention with a dance
tonight.
Evening star., 1950-08-22
Henurd Gets Lodqe Post

Kenneth r. Henard of Arling-
ton has been elected as Virginia
State master counselor for the
Order of De Moley.
Evening star., 1950-08-22
Legion Crob Feast

Arlington Post No. 139 of the
American Legion will have bene-
At crab feast at pm. Saturday,
at the Legion Clubhouse, 3445
Washington boulevard.
Evening star., 1950-07-12

more money for Point Four and
The Voice of America, not about
Korea.
But at the same hour the Sen
ate Armed Services Committee was
wringing cold appraisal of the
situation in Korea and elsewhere
from Gen. Bradley, chairman of
the. Joint Chiefs of Staff. By noon
the whole Senate knew that the
Bradley account was one of un-
relieved gloom.
Ready for Hard Choices.
At least four Senators are now
demanding that words be dis
carded for deeds and the whole
country put upon a war footing.
They are willing to accept the
hard choices of calling up the Ma
tional Guard and Reserves to be
accompanied by industrial mobili-
zation and increased military ap-
preparations.
Senator Lyndon johnson of
Texas, Democrat, and Senators
Morse, Knowland and Lodge, Re-
publicans, are the four who pre-
fer. the risks of full preparedness
to the risks Of too little and too
late. The first three are men,
bers of Armed Services, Senator
Lodge of Foreign Affairs. They
have been acting Independently of
one another, and how their drive
for action will develop remains to
be seen. In the old phrase. how
Evening star., 1950-07-12
On the Record
Repetition of Spanish Civil War Seen
In Korea by Paris Communist Paper

can Withdrawals, leaving only
vacuums behind them.
But on one place State and De-
fense were in agreement. In 1949
the Defense Department persuaded
the President that in case of gen.
eral war Korea was indefensible
And it is precisely there that we
have been called out to fight.
Decision In Germany.
For a global war the Russians
lack adequate industrial power.
Therefore, a Russian decision for
or against war against the
United States of America is likely
to be decided not in Asia, but in
Germany. For general war, Rus
sia must have the Ruhr.
The United States obviously
cannot defend with it's own forces
every spot on the globe. Yet there
is hardly spot where the Soviets
cannot attack with partisans, and
without directly involving them
selves. While they arm their
friends, we disarm ours, thus
taking upon our own bodies re-
sponsibility for their defense.
IF the Russians were poker
players, we might outwit them
But they are chess players. And
chess is a long game, in which not
lucky draws but cool and brainy
calculations determine the out
come.
(Released by The Bell Syndicate, Incl
Evening star., 1950-07-12

Companies Advertising Program
-ECAP-and distributed to util-
ity managements. This explains
all the socialism" stuff you see
and hear in their advertising,
printed and over the radio,
directed at the Governments S
public power program which in
cludes proposed extension of the
TVA-Tennessee Valley Authority
idea to other great river basins.
Let's begin at the beginning
with the problem posed for the
utilities-their "bad news"-in the
fascinating continued story pre-
sented by ECAP based on series
of polls by Opinion Research
Corporation.
IVA Approved by People.
This is that a majority of
people in the country approve
IVA and its extension elsewhere.
The polls show that SO per cent
of the people favored IVA in
1949, a drop from 67 per cent in
1947, with only 10 per cent dis
approving as compared with
in 1947, and q per cent with no
opinion as contrasted with Is in
1947.
A breakdown by categories is
even more significant, showing
that IS per cent of upper income
people approve IVA. with 16
against, others no opinion; Re-
publicans, SIS per cent approving,
II against; editors and educators,
83 per cent approving, disapprov-
ing; "free enterprisers". SO per
cent for, % against.
Evening star., 1950-07-12

would eventual Dorothy Thompson.
ly draw intervention by all the
great powers.
Despite the remarks of Gromyko
which would seem to indicate that
the Kremlin will not extend the
conflict, Soviet policy is in
Scrutable. But it is unlikely that
the Soviets intend to use Korea
to set off a world war at this time.
Korea, from their viewpoint, is
an excellent place to dissipate the
energies of the West, while re-
serving the energies of the Soviets.
Difficult to Defend.
1t is hardly possible to conceive
a terrain more difficult to defend
against carefully planned, we'll
armed offensive with all the ad-
vantageS deriving from surprise
attack. Previous to the aggres-
sion, as the Soviets well knew,
Korea was almost the only spot
in Asia over which the American
State and Defense Departments,
otherwise at loggerheads, were in
agreement.
The State Department, ami
mated by traditional American
anti imperialism {and apparently
bitten by the historically absurd
notion that imperialism is a purely
Western vice. has maintained
that Asians must work out their
own political fate, receiving from
the West only economic aid, while
even to insure that this was prop
erly administered was interpreted
as "imperialist interference"-not
by the Russians but by our own
State Department-vide the fate
of Gen. Wedemeyer's proposals.
The Defense Department, un-
concerned about psychological and
theological questions, and having
learned many lessons from the
last war, has concentrated on pro-
tecting the security of this coun-
try, as a Pacific power.
Out of this duality the Russians
have drawn rich propaganda ma
terial and great tactical victories,
through their Withdrawals Qeav-
ing well-organized partisan armies
in their place. followed by Ameri-
Evening star., 1950-07-12

ton. constantine brown.
This may be costly, but it is
the only way we can hope to i'm
press Moscow with the fact that
America is determined to face
the music with everything it has
of it's vast resources of industries
and manpower.
Diplomats professionally are
optimistic. They hope that the
Korean incident may be To-
Called because of the prestige of
the United Nations, under whose
flag American boys are fighting.
They are reluctant to counsel
President Truman to engage in
an all-out effort. lest we pro
woke" Russia into a similar step.
For instance, it is this thought
that prompted the State Depart
ment to reject Chang Kai-shek's
offer to send some $4,000 Amer
ican-trained Nationalist troops to
Korea, where they would have
helped considerably in stabilizing
the front. Gen. Macarthur is
attempting to stem the Red ad-
vance with a meager American di-
vision.
The diplomats argument is
that the arrival of Nationalists in
Korea would create bad impress
sion among the people whom we
now are trying to save.
Meanwhile, it is said, the send
ing of Nationalists to fight the
North Koreans would precipitate
Intervention by the Chinese
Communists, who already are
gathered in strength on the Man
churian-Korean border.
Military Doesn't Agree.
Military men privately do not
agree with this line of argument.
They say that the North Koreans
already have deployed all the
forces the peninsula can hold and
declare that the Chinese Reds
will be brought into action as
soon as the Korean puppets be-
gin to weaken.
The presence of the NATIONAL
lists, who already could have
reached the theater of operations
if Chiang's offer had been
promptly accepted, would have
improved considerably the pres
ent holding operations of the oath
Evening star., 1950-07-12
This Changing World
General Mobilization Is Only Way Out
Of Serious Predicament Faced by u. S.

Division, which is supposed to
stem the offensive of a vastly su-
perior armed force from the
north.
For logistic reasons it will be
impossible for the Marine division
which is on its way now from the
West Coast. the I'd Infantry
Division and other combat units
to reach Korea before the middle
of next month.
Gen. Macarthur, who has three
more divisions in Japan. may be
compelled, at serious risk, to de-
|plete his forces further in order to
contain the fast-moving Commu-
nists. Air power from land and
carrier bases unquestionably will
contribute considerably to these
efforts. But 1t must be borne in
mind that the monsoon season,
now on, will handicap seriously
our air effort. The Russians, who
are aware of Americas air power,
skillfully selected the time for at
tack in Korea.
Korea is an experimental opera
ton as far as the Kremlin is con-
cerned. If we can stem the ad-
vance of it's puppets and make a
counter offensive in the near flu
ture, it is possible that Moscow
will be dissuaded from setting off
other explosions.
More Attacks Threatened.
But if our forces are not capa-
ble-because of their numerical
inferiority and lack of that vast
quantity of war material which
contributed so much to our vic
tories in Europe in World War II
of extinguishing the fire which
the Russians purposely have set
in Korea, we shall be faced before
the end of this fall with a number
of similar outbreaks in East Asia
and Europe.
The chances of obtaining a
crushing victory in the near future
in Korea are considered limited.
It is questionable whether even
10000 American troops can do
more than hold a line against a
well-equipped force 10 to is times
larger.
At the present time we do not
have more than 11,000 or $4,000
men available to hold the South
Korean front. If bad weather sets
in again and the operations of
carrier and landbased planes are
limited, it is doubtful that we will
be able even to hold the present
line.
These serious considerations are
being brought to the attention
of President Truman. It is up to
him to choose between the argu-
ments of the diplomats, who are
afraid of tackling the Russian
hornets nest. and the arguments
of the military men, who believe
that henceforth we must be pre-
pared for any eventuality.
General industrial and man
power mobilization, costly as it
will be. is the only way to ward
off a very serious predicament.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Cry of 'Bataan' Echoes
Battle on How to Save America
Joined in Two Schools of Thought

ever, Cney Will SeC IN mOC1On a
historic debate.
Paradoxically they fear that his
tory will force the President to act
before they persuade him. They
believe that If he will move rap
dly on his own time, he can change
the course of history to avert war.
It is natural that the President,
upon whom the burden of final
responsibility rests, should exercise
caution. He must live with that
burden as no Senator can. An ad-
ministration also has a normal
tendency to display a vested in
terest in it's mistakes. 1t is human
to seek time to weave a cloak for
humiliating reversalS.
johnson Blamed.
Korean policy, of course, was
reversed by one overwhelming fact
the use of naked aggression by
Russian dominated forces. Actual
ly this is well understood; there
has been very little tendency to
bear down on the President for
his recent optimism about peace.
Blame is, however, attached to Sec
retary Johnson for giving the Pres
ident bad advice.
Gen. Bradley gave his testi-
mony in secret session. Except
that he was more blunt and it
came from him with special i'm
pact, it is the sorry story now
spread in the newspapers for all
to read. AS Chairman Tydings ad-
mitted in his sober statement:
Things are serious and it would
be a disservice to the people to
treat unfolding events with opti-
mism."
Senator johnson, who few back
from a check-up at the Mayo
Clinic to cast his vote for Sumner
Pixies confirmation, is the first
Democrat to fight for all-out pre-
paredness. In the Pike debate he
attacked the economy -firsters''
and demanded sacrifices and more
sacrifices"
Senator Lodge, even before Ko-
|rea, was declaring that America
must regain the initiative from
Russia in military strength if
peace was to be saved. Senators
Knowland and Morse steadily have
demanded that the facts be faced
and appropriate action be con-
Sidered.
Evening star., 1950-07-12


the first place that I went. That's
right-the bazaar.
Wanted to Sleep.
Honestly, I wanted to go to the
Park Hotel, check In. take a bath
and have a little cat nap of four
or five hours, but Jean saw to ii
that I didn't.
Waiting for us at the airport
were Ed and Theresa Greenwald
whom we had met here two years
ago. Ed is the Associated Press
manager for Turkey and after five
years here in Istanbul wasn't
dying to get to the bazaar. But
Theresa is a, dyed-in-the-wool
bazaar fan and she and Jean had
been In correspondence without
either Ed or I knowing about it.
Lets go to the bazaar" Jean
said.
"We1l go right from here,'
Theresa said.
I advised my wife that we still
had two months to go on this trip
and that our travellers checks
were getting right emaciated.
So we went to the bazaar.
I'll have to admit that of all the
bazaars I have seen, the one in
Istanbul is the best. A vast place,
with 80 entrances, it is all under
one roof, and has something like
5000 shops. These shops sell
everything under, over, and behind
the sun.
Next door to a shop that sells
diamonds and rubies, and where
the richest man could go for a
serious amount Of money, is a
shop that sells socks and under
shirts. It is said that no man
has ever seen all Of the bazaar.
Before he could make the rounds,
old shops would have gone out Of
business and new ones taken their
places.
Here Two Years Ago.
It was just two years ago that
we were in the bazaar, but not a
merchant had forgotten us. I
don't know whether this was due
to our peculiar appearance or to
the memory Of the Turks.
David greeted US like an old
friend. So did Moses and Paul and
a score of others.
David wanted to know If ever
learned how to operate the gold
and silver puzzle ring I bought
from him.
Moses asked if the Persian Gig
arctic boxes has been satisfactory
Paul wanted to know if the cuff
links made from Janissary uni
form buttons had brought any
compliments.
Every merchant I had traded
with insisted I have a cup of cof-
fee or a cup of tea. And. with the
hospitality Of the Turkish folk,
they closed their shops while we
were slipping coffee and talking.
Let customers wait. The ritual
of the coffee must not be dis
turbed.
To me the most interesting sec
ton of the bazaar is the junk mar
ket. Here the merchants display
their goods without benefit of
much light, and there is no telling
what you will find. Nearly every
thing in the junk market is cen
turies old, and dirt-enerusted. It's
like grab bag not until you
have your purchases cleaned do
you really know what you, have.
Distributed by McNaught Syndicate, Inc.)
Evening star., 1950-07-12
Assembly Line Fashion
Issue of Socialism Manufactured
By Utilities for PROPAGANDA Use

This is shocker," the ECAP
pamphlet comments. "Sixty-three
per cent of the people approve
TVA. Are they Socialists? Lib.
erals? Fuzzy thinkers? Low in.
come folks? Apparently not
These are people who read and
get around and think, and sup
posedly recognize a fact when
they see it. This chart gives very
strong evidence that private in
dustry's side of the IVA story
has been buried in the rubble oi
bureaucratic propaganda"
While the polls show 50 per
cent also approve TWAS in Other
parts of the country, with Is
against. and 20 with no opinion
ECAP takes hope from the fact
that, as for TWAS for this" part
of the country where the person
resides "a third category the per.
centages are 43 per cent for, 80
against, and 18 with no opinion
This, it says, shows that most
OF them seem to think it is a
noble experiment to raise the
standard of living for some less
fortunate groups way off there
somewhere.
What To Do About It?
Now for the plot. What to do
about it?
The ECAP finds hope-and an
answer on which it is acting-in
another poll revealing that in
reply to the question Would
socialism be a good thing or a bao
thing for the United States?"-
per cent said bad" only 10 per
cent good" and 81 per cent with
no opinion.
From the preceding charts" ii
says, lit is apparent that to link
our fight to the IVA question
would run into a lot of opposition
most of it based on lack of knowl-
edge. But to link our fight tc
socialism is something else again
The people do not want socialism
We're on favorable ground
there. ECAP advertising in maya
zines and on the radio will stress
the fight against the socialistic
state more in the future. 1t should
be stressed, too, on the local leve
in speeches, radio talks, inter.
views and other expressions o1
management opinion"
There-the cats out of the bag
Just cry socialism"
There's another way suggested
by ECAP, too. This is a ''big EN-
ploye education job" to get utilit.
employes to tell the story to tn,
customers. The need for that il
shown by another poll which re.
veals that 80 per cent of customer
never have had a power company
employe talk to them about thu
company But. alas, there's a hitch
there, too. For As per cent of util
ity employees are for iva, anothe,
poll discloses, with 40 per cent dis.
approving, and Is per cent with
no opinion.
Maybe it's just as well our EN-.
ployes haven't talked much" the
pamphlet concludes dolefully
Because As per cent of them arr
for TVA!"
It looks like a lot of education
is needed all around.
Evening star., 1950-07-12

I e r p + e I alton,
because it oc-
CURED W h il e
the Kre m lin
W a S sill e n t.
Nevertheless, it
may have sig
nifcance. "Hu-
m a n i t e" pre-
dicted a repe-
tition of the
Spanish civil
war on Korean
t errit ory-a
lon 6, internal
conflict t h a t
Evening star., 1950-07-12

now to save
America.
On the one
hand President
Truman a n d
Defense Secre-
t a r y johnson
are clinging to
the piecemeal
a p p r o a C h.
In his biparti-
san conference
W ith leading
Senators Tues
day the Presi-
dent. n n I "
talked a b u t
Evening star., 1950-07-12

There isn't a
t h in g I don't
k n o. W a b o u t
them.
Half my wax
ing h ours in
Damascus were
S p e It in the
bazaar, and the
same was true
in Cairo.
And when I
got to Istanbul
you would have
to be backward
indeed not to
ha able Tn pIYesS
Evening star., 1950-07-12

order and at a
cost, for propa-
ganda purposes.
One of our
great industries,
the private elec-
trio utilities, ad-
mits that it is
doing just ex-
actly that. It
tells how frank
1y, and the
reasons, in a
p a m p h | e t
THE Public and
YOU
hY the Electric
Evening star., 1950-07-12

c II a II c e Tor
thought.
Defense Sec
retary johnson,
the Joint Chiefs
of Staff and
Stuart Syrning-
ton, head of the
National S e.
curity r e.
sources Board,
believe we are
faced with a
m a jor crisis.
There is talk of
total mobiliza-
Evening star., 1950-07-12
By Dorothy Thompson

The first reaction of the Paris
Communist newspaper Human
ite" to the Korean events was
apparently the editors own in
Evening star., 1950-07-12
By Doris FIeeson

The ominous word "Bataan" is
now echoing in the Capitol cloak
rooms and the battle is joined be-
tween two schools of thought on
Evening star., 1950-07-12
McLemore-
Ready to Write
Book on Buzuurs
By Henry McLemore

ISTANBUL, Turkey.-When I
get home I am going to write the
first really authoritative book on
the bazaars Of the Near East.
Evening star., 1950-07-12
By Thomas L. Stokes

1t has become fairly clear by
now that the socialism" issue
can be manufactured, assembly,
line fashion, in wholesale lots, on
Evening star., 1950-07-12
By Consfanfine Bro,vu

Most decisions in Washington
these days are made on the spur
of the moment and with little
Evening star., 1950-08-11
ARMY BUILDINGS
BABY CRIB SALE

SPECIAL
Full size, drop-side crib. comp. with
inner spring. wetproof mattress;
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