davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-06-15

NOUS. as the Presidents labor re-
lations are in good shape both in
general and in particular.
The CIO politicoes are not near
ly so happy, however, about their
own situation, as they are afflict-
ed with the usual of-year elec-
ton apathy on the part of the
rank and file. Their recent quar-
terly report showed only $4,000
in the treasury and they are find
ing it hard to get up steam for
the candidates they favor.
Murray Plans Pep Talk.
All this will be bluntly dis
cuSSed in the executive sessions
preceding the Truman call. The
press will be admitted to the OPEN
ing of the conference to hear a
pep talk by President Murray,
But then the doors will be closed
and PAC Director Kroll will take
over.
Mr.. Kroll will review the facts
OF life as he sees them. Then he
will call the roll. State by State,
for such explanations and pledges
as the heads of the State indus
trial councils. who correspond
roughly to the State chairmen
OF the major parties, may be able
to make. ,--....
The brutal truth is that the
paper work and organization all
sound fine but unless rank and
Evening star., 1950-06-15

d II u pcEu1d-
nently disabled. He is willing, but
unable to work. He is a World
War veteran, % months overseas.
He has paid into Social Security
funds for about ten years. There
are, of course. thousands of
similar cases. 1t seems to me
that some of our Senators should
take the time to do a bit of hard
thinking concerning them"
For the woman's information,
a number of the Senators are do
ing the hard thinking requested.
The point she makes is one now
being considered in the Senate's
debate on the bill to improve the
Social Security system.
Witnesses before the Senate
Finance Committee virtually all
agreed on the necessity to provide
protection for persons in situa-
tions like that described. There
was difference of opinion, how
ever, as to the best method. There
were those who favored public
Observation-Disclosures for char
lty-aS an alternative to the dis
ability insurance program con-
tained in the House bill.
The United States Chamber
OF Commerce, the insurance COM
panies and the Republican minor
ity in the committee took that
line. They favored rendering
assistance to the permanently and
totally disabled on the basis of
need only. They opposed their
inclusion IN the contributory in
Surance system.
Evening star., 1950-06-15
On the Other Hand
Senate Committees Curious Action
Concerning Disabled Up for Debate

The labor groups, on the other
hand, strongly supported the in
surance method, with provision
for public assistance only when
the insurance benefits were insult
f1cient to cover the need in an
individual case.
The Senate Finance Committee
was rough. 1t not only removed
the provision for the disabled
from the insurance program, but
also struck out the provision for
Federal grants to enable the
States to provide public assistance
to the disabled.
Senators disposed to overrule
this action are puzzled by the at
titude of the Chamber of Com
merce and the insurance COM
panies. They point out that only
one per cent of the wage loss due
to permanent and total disability
is now covered by private insur-
ance. The elimination of the dis
abled from the category of those
entitled to public assistance is
still harder to understand, since
disability accounts for a large
part of the expenditure by the
States for public assistance. Last
year nearly 100000 disabled per-
sons were given such assistance.
A special census taken in Febru-
ary. 1949, revealed that about
three million persons were suf-
fering from long-term disability
The Finance Committees own
advisory council on social security
in 1948 recommended the insur-
ance plan, saying:
"There can be no question con-
corning the need for such pro-
lection. On an average day the
number of persons kept from
gainful work by disabilities which
have continued for more than six
months is about two million. The
economic hardship resulting from
permanent and total disability is
frequently even greater than that
created by old age or death. The
family must not only face the
loss of the breadwinner's earn
ings. but must meet the cost of
medical care. AS rule, savings
and other personal resources are
exhausted. The problem of the
disabled younger worker is par
ticularly difficult, since he is likely
to have young children and not to
have had an opportunity to ac-
quire any significant savings"
Evening star., 1950-06-15

me with a fight plan so that
we'll know what We are seeing as
the Connie" roars through the
sunshine of a perfect day toward
the Oldest city in the world.
That's the Thames down there
now. We are flying parallel to it.
and it's not hard to pick out the
familiar London landmarks.
The ship is climbing. and the
city already is lost in a haze, but
the lovely English countryside
laid out as orderly as squares in
kitchen hnoleum. looks as if moth
ing had disturbed it for centuries.
Channel Looks Rough.
The Channel is straight ahead,
and you can bet that a lot of
poor souls crossing by boat today
are seasick, because the white caps
really are tossing. The little town
below is Mansion, and just few
miles north the white cliffs of
Dover can be seen if your eyesight
is 1920 or thereabouts.
Here is the French coast and
off to the right Just few miles
is Dunkirk.
We're really travelling now.
Brussels and Liege are behind and
down below is Frankfort = on =
Rhine. This shipload of Amerl-
cans is having a lot easier time
crossing it today than the GIs
did a few years back.
We've been gone about two and
a half hours. and Capts. john
Nolan and Tom Williamson are
letting the Connie" down for a
stop at Munich.
There is plenty of evidence of
the pasting the Allies gave Munich
still to be seen. There's a new
modern terminal building, but
surrounding it are burned hulks
of buildings. No sign of Mr..
Chamberlain's celebrated umbrella
as we walk from the plane to the
terminal-only a score of work.
men in discarded khaki uniforms.
and a young one-armed German
in field-green uniform who seems
to be some sort of a guard.
No good Munich beer inside
Only a waiting room and a small
gift counter offering dolls, cam
eras and cigarette lighters for sale
Munich cleared, we start to
Evening star., 1950-06-15
.ff-Year Apathy
300 CIO.PAC Members to Confer
Here Tomorrow on Election Prospects

file enthusiasm can be stirred up,
the more experienced leaders fear
another 1916 setback. The primary
returns have been carefully anal
yzed in all States including Illinois
where Senate Majority Leader
Lucas is up. They show that
centers of CIO strength simply
did not turn out in the numbers
which will be imperative for VIC
tory this fall.
Better News From AFL.
Democrats are getting a little
better news from the AFL whose
League for Political Education
has been extremely active. The
AFL is described as slower to move
than CIO but very effective when
it gets started. The craft unions
are older and more experienced; !;
their members are more apt to be
pillars of the community whose
interest counts heavily once it is
enlisted.
The AFL is trying a new tack
against its pet hate, Senator Taft.
They are pointing out that Mr..
Taft is an influential member of
the Senate Finance Committee
which insisted on fighting the war
on the cuff. Their program of
raising only one-third of the cost
by taxes and two thirds by bor-
rowing is blamed for the imitation
which has pushed the cost of
living so far upward.
B. M. Baruch, among others, will
support the claim that all this was
bad business and an act of i'm
morality against the armed forces
who were giving their lives. It is
more than slightly phony, how
ever. to assume that all of Amerl-
ca, including labor, was taken in
by Senator Taft and like-minded
conservatives in this matter.
Labor, in fact. fought as hard as
capital against a bill to freeze
wages, profits and prices indi-
v1sibly. Mr.. Baruch incidentally
repeatedly offers a prize to any
one who will name one-one, not
three-thing the Government has
done since the war which is not
1nf1ationary. He still has his
money.
Evening star., 1950-06-15
This Changing World
Senate Judiciary Committee Probe
Of Amerasia Case Urged by Many

oughly into the matter. In any
event. the developments which
followed the optimistic statements
of Senator Tydings indicated that
the Amerasia case was far more
important than the chairman of
of the Senate Foreign Relations
Subcommittee had intimated.
Based on Two Facts.
The decision of 81 Republican
Senators to ask for a special
Amerasia inquiry is based on
two facts: First, the Tydings
subcommittee does not have time
to investigate Senator McCsrthy's
charges against 81 officials and
at the same time &c deeply into
the Amerasia affair, which in
wolves the theft of 1,700 highly
classified items. Second, the most
important aspect of this case is
its handling by the Justice De-
partment.
Under these circumstances it
appears logical that the Judiciary
Committee, or a subcommittee of
that body. should be charged with
such an investigation. The For
eign Relations Committee is nei-
ther qualified nor able to devote
the time to such a case, which
deals with matters which are not
within the responsibility of that
committee.
The fact that two of the six
persons involved are or were State
Department officials is of no con-
sequence. It is even doubtful
that they can be. charged again,
unless some entirely different
matters develop from the new in
vestigation.
In any event the principal con-
Germ of those who signed the Cape
hart resolution is the personnel
OF the Justice Department who
handled the case and permitted
the two men who were indicted to
escape with nominal fines for
crimes which in time OF war call
for incomparably higher penalties.
AS Senator Capehart pointed out.
anyone in the armed forces
caught with such documents in
his possession might have faced
the firing squad.
Transferring the Amerasia case
to the committee which logically
should investigate it not only
would help substantially to clear
up that mysterious matter, but
also would help the Tydings SUBJ
committee get down to real busi-
ness and pay more attention to
the charges of disloyalty in the
State Department.
Evening star., 1950-06-15

Salonika and start on the leg to
Istanbul. The skipper is care
full, as we pass Samothrace in the
Aegean Sea: careful to miss the
Iron Curtain Of the Bulgarian
border by a good IS miles,
a 45-minute stop at IStanbul
and q half dozen cups Of that
thick. black Turkish coffee. No
stop now until Damascus. Below
is the lovely Turkish lake and
mountain country.
Cyprus is passed. Not Ions un-
til Beirut Is cleared. and the
Connie" starts easing down TO
Damascus,
Nothing to it. If all you have
to do is ride. and not pilot. Won
der what kind of left turn
would have made at Salonika7
Distributed by MeSausht Syndicate Incl
Evening star., 1950-06-15
On the Record
Gen. Marshall Wisely Assails Moves
10 Withdraw Armed Aid to Europe

they had to be purged before it
began. Especially in regard toI
Russia. all German war plans
previous to Hitler were developed
along lines of an aggressive de-
fense should war come. German
upholders of the strategy of de-
fense are today saying. I'VE told
you So"
Russian Plans Foiled.
There is. of course, little risk
to an aggressor who moves into
a military vacuum, as Europe was
Immediately after the war. The
Soviets. by stirring up civil strife
and lending military support to i
one side, undoubtedly envisioned
the possible conquest Of conti-
mental Europe within a few years
after World War II. Then, with
another version of Hitler's "for-
tress Europe" they would assume
a defensive and let the Anglo
american powers assume the role
OF aggressor to oust them. This
has been foiled by the failure of
the West-European Communists
to stage an adequate excuse for
intervention and by the Atlantic
Treaty. which promises immediate
and unanimous resistance to-
Westward movements of COMM
form armies.
IL may be assumed that failing
expansion by revolutionary means,
the Russian general staff will not
disregard the experience of the
last war and will plan and assume
defensive position. Political con-
slderationS counsel it also for both
sides. Despite French and Com
munist braggadocio that Russian
armies will never be opposed
there is no surer way to kill pro-
Russian sentiment than aggres-
sion by Cominform armies-and
no surer way to create it than al
preventive war by the West.
We are. therefore. likely to have
a prolonged. highly armed stale
mate, with each side eyeing the
other distrustfully, but neither
willing to strike for decision. The
economic burden to both sides is
not pleasant. But these defensive
ornaments are probably, until al
more civilized sense comes to pre-
vail. the most realistic safeguard
Of peace.
tReleased by The Bell Syndicate, Incl
Evening star., 1950-06-15
THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. c. ." A-l9


climb for sure. Ahead are the
Bavarian and Austrian Alps.
Soon we are over them. the taller
ones mantled in snow.
Below is YugoslavIa. Hasn't
been long since this was forbidden
territory. But with Titos split
with the Cominforn our planes
now can go straight across Zagreb
and Belgrade.
You'll notice that the terrain.
now that Belgrade is behind and
Salonika is ahead, has changed
from fiat farmland to rolling
mountains at the Greek border.
In these mountains the toughest
part of the Greek civil war fight
ing took place.
Purser Walter Morris and Stew
ardeSs Florence TopleSki give us
dinner as We make a left turn at
Evening star., 1950-06-15

areas could not Dorosny thompson.
be effectively defended.
It is worth recording that the
most advanced military theorists
of the West are not of that
opinion. The layman is still under
the influence of the phenomenal
successes of Hitler's first blitzes,
and is inclined to think that the
advantage lies with the aggressor.
That would not, however, appear
to be the lesson of the last war.
The keenest analysts do not be-
lieve that France fell because at
tack is superior to defense, or
because France was deficient in
trained manpower. but because
France had neglected developing
the types of arms necessary for
modern defense. Russia, however,
had prepared a modern defense,
and demonstrated her capacity to
hold chain of focal points, while
the Germans whose forces were
stretched out to occupy and hold
down vast conquered territories
suffered attrition thereby.
Force and Space Ratio.
According to the British expert.
Liddell Hart, success in modern
war depends upon the ratio be-
tween force and space. Where
the density of force is low in re-
lation to space the defender is
handicapped. Where it is high the
attacker is handicapped" How
ever, the density of force is not
reckoned by manpower, but by
speed, the chronological perfec-
ton Of weapons, and the efficiency
OF the crews who operate them.
The mass armies of the Soviet
Union haunt the popular mind:
but apparently they do not SO
diSconcert advanced military tech
nicians, convinced that big bat
tallonS are no longer decisive.
Thus, although America is re-
arming, universal military service
is not being pushed. This is not
only due to public opinion, ira
ditionally hostile to peace-time
conscription, but also to the
technical revolution that outdates
mass armies.
1t is worth recalling that the
best brains in the German gen.
eral staff were so skeptical of
Hitler's plan for a blitz war that
Evening star., 1950-06-15

pecLeQ LnaL the Sohs'@ntAne nTO~n'
loyalty of a number of persons
directly or indirectly connected
with the State Department would
be investigated-the whole thing
has Detered out.
The violent reactions of persons
named by Senator Mccarthy and
the Wisconsin legislators equally
strong answers on the Senate floor
and in public statements created
an unparalleled sensation through
out the country.
People Aware of Wrong.
For the first time in many years
the American people have become
aware that there has been some
thing very wrong with our security
set up and with the way Wash
ington has handled it.
The fact that the Tydings sub
committee has been tagging in the
investigation of alleged bad Sc
curity risks has added to the con-
Germ and confusion of the Ameri-
can people. Secret hearings are
held and all kinds of rumors are
heard as to what is said by the
witnesses.
Conflicting reports came from
these executive sessions. Senator
Tydings, for instance, indicated
that there was nothing import
ant in the Amerasia case and
that it was mostly a tempest in
a teacup.
Those who took an important
part in investigation of the case
said differently. The grand jury
in New York was so impressed by
testimony presented. to it in the
Communist investigations that it
decided. without consulting the
Justice Department tn % thor
Evening star., 1950-06-15

sion Tor pay
ment of bene-
fits to totally
a n d perma-'
nently disabled
persons. This
provision W a S
deleted by Sen
ator Georges
Committee on
Finance. :.
"My husband
is 81 years old.
dismissed from
Bethesda hos
pital as totally
Evening star., 1950-06-15

l EbCPQDA4OdA4 va
In d i a n a. to
have the Amer
asia case inves-
tigated by the
Judiciary Com
mittee of the
Senate.
The Tydings
S u b C omnittee
has been mark
ing time. After
a spectacular
beginning four
months a go
when it was ex-
L1 -
Evening star., 1950-06-15

VcSSnD So141C1
ence here to-
morrow about
election pros
poets.
At 4 p.
they will ad-
journ to the
White House to
r e vi e W with
President Tru-
man their plans
and concl u =
SionS. The con-
ference is ex-
pected to be en-
fira1x, ho~~a~
Evening star., 1950-06-15

" @NNJ 0oAoCA AASb
by &c eral
Marshall before
the House For
eign A + t a / r S
c 0 m m i t t e e ,
June 7.
Those W ho
advocate such a
course do so, I
think. because
of their belief
that in case of
aggression Eu-
rope and other
t h r e a t e n e d
Evening star., 1950-06-15

A0AAA40AA ~ 1
port, and is
about to swing
onto the route
t at leads to
Damascus.
If you have
nothing else 70
do. pull up a
chair and let's
look out the
window togeth-
er. First Officer
Cleo DeregibuS
of Forest Hills,
N. Y, has oblig-
ingly provided
Evening star., 1950-06-15
By Constantine Broapn

There is a good deal of senti-
ment in the Senate for approval
of the resolution introduced last
Tuesday by Senator Capehart.
Evening star., 1950-06-15
.cLemore
Mokes q Left Turn
On Hop to Domoscus
By Henry McLemors

DAMASCUS BOUND. - The
Clipper Talisman has just pulled
up her feet and tucked in her
flaps after leaving the runway to
Evening star., 1950-06-15
By Dorothy THOMPSON

The notion that this country
should back away from military
AID to other nations and, instead.
arm to the teeth at home was
Evening star., 1950-06-15
Correction,

A typographical error in Mr..
Lawrence's column on Tuesday re-
suited in a garbled leading para
graph. The opening part of the
column should have read: Here
are two consequences that might
be inferred from the new activities
Of the House Lobby Committee:
l. The American Congress is about
to investigate and report on the
integrity of its members. 2. The
Government here is about to be
revealed as conducting the biggest
propaganda machine in the world
with the possible exception of
Russia
Evening star., 1950-06-15
By Lowell MeHeff

A Washington woman writes:
"As you know. HR 5000, to liberal
lze social security, as passed by
the House, contained a provi-
Evening star., 1950-06-15
By Doris FIees0n

Three hundred members of the
CIO Political Action Committees
in 48 States will hold a brass
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-01-27
|5esqui Fund Balance
Put At S2,526!,735:
In Barron Report

The National Capital Sesqui-
centennial Commission on Deem
Der 81 had a balance of $2,526, 735,
Executive Vice Chairman. Carter
T. Barron announced today.
From a financial standpoint,
the commission. is in excellent
shape to proceed with its work. -
Mr.. Barron said.
Congress in October appropri-
ated 100000 for the celebration
Commitments, transfers and ad-
vances totaled about $257 900, COW
ering contractual services for art
exhibits, the Rock Creek amphi-
theater, the symphonic drama that
will be presented there and other
items, Mr.. Barron stated.
In the unexpended balance Ii
5000, 900 for the remainder of the
cost of the amphitheater. he ex-
planned. 50, .+.,..-
Meanwhile. the commission an
nounced that the, words National
Capital Sesquicentennial, 1900.
1850 will be used by the Post
Office Department at the main
post Office if1'canceling mail here
beginning March /. 1t will be
used for the rest of the year.
Edward Boykin, commission di-
rector, pointed out that about 55,-
100000 letters month pass
through the main post Offices cam
collation. machines.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-01-27
Suffered as Auto Industry
Novice, Edgar Kaiser Says
By the Associated Press

DETROIT. Jan. 27.-As a
novice in the automobile industry,
Edgar F. Kaiser admits that he
suffered"
Otherwise cool and self-con-
tanned witness, Mr.. Kaiser made
the statement emotionally in Fed
eral court yesterday.
1--WE lived with it, I've suffered
i know it," he exclaimed.
Mr.. Kaiser, president Of the
Kaiser-Frazer Corp, testified in
defense of company policies in q
stockholders case.
Judge Frank A. Picard Is hear
ing arguments over a proposed
company settlement with a group
of stockholders. Operations Of
various Kaiser interests are in
volved.
K-F's president, son Of Indus
trialist Henry j. Kaiser, has been
associated with his father in de-
velopment of Kaiser Frazer,
founded in the postwar years. The
younger Kaiser became president
of K-F in the company's reor-
ganization more than a year ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-01-27
Democrats Opposing
Excise Cuts Without :.
Balancing Tax Boosts
BY the Associated Press

Key House Democrats were re-
ported standing firm today behind
President Humans insistence
that excise tax cuts should be bal
anced by tax boosts elsewhere.
Democratic members of the tax
drafting House Ways and Means
Committee were said to, agree. on
that position. They hope to pre-
vent revenue losses through cuts
in levies on transportation and
amusement tickets, luggage and
jewelry.
Republican Effort Failss
Republicans keep pressing for
a simple excise repeal bill, with
tout the balancing features. One
Republican effort failed yester-
day.
That effort came as the House
took up a bill. which it later
passed. levying a $4,000, 900 in
come tax on part of the $4,500.-
100000 4 investment earnings of
life insurance companies which
were untaxed in, 1947, 1948 and
1949. )
The measures passage marked
the first congressional action on
Mr.. Humans tax program. He
told Congress Monday a tax law
quirk that lets insurance com
pany earnings go untaxed should
be removed. ~ ~. +
Martin Offers Proposal.
When the bill was brought up,
House Minority Leader Martin Of
fered an amendment proposing a
$500, 100000 excise reduction. 1t
| would have helved the 20 per
cent retail levies on furs, jewelry,
luggage and toilet articles and re-
duced many others. .--....
MIR. Martin said that while Con-
gress delays action there is a buy
| ers' strike in the country that
hurt business and caused unem-
ployment. He failed to get a vote.
Representative Gore. Democrat.
of Tennessee, presiding at the
time, held that House rules bar
an excise amendment to bill
dealing only with the corporation
income tax section of the internal
revenue code.
Mr.. Truman, in Mondays tax
message, asked for excise reduc-
lions but said he would veto any
bill that did not pick up lost reve-
nue.. He proposed plugging tax
loopholes and adding $1,000, 000,-
1000 by raising taxes on corpora
lions, inheritances and big gifts.