davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-01-29
ee REDS, Page CD

have been outvoted and then have
refused to cooperate in carrying
out majority decisions.
3. The Russians in most cases
have refused to supply informa-
ton requested by U. N. economists
and statisticians on economic pro-
duction and other vital matters.
AS a result, most U. N. surveys
have had insufficient data to draw
any definite conclusions on a
worldwide basis.
The winter session of the Eco
nomic and Social Council will
have Is instead of 18 members (ifI
Poland and Czechoslovakia join
Russia in the walkout as expect
ed. 1t probably will last about
four weeks instead of the normal
five or six weeks. But it will
achieve just about the same re-
suits, Western delegates believe
Most of the Al items on the
Councils agenda have been dis
cussed here before. either in the
Council itself or in some of it's
commissions. Russia's views are
we'll known on all of them.
Little would be added, for ex-
ample, If Russia expressed op-
position once more to the pro-
posed international inquiry into.
slave labor behind the iron cur
tain and elsewhere. In view of
Russia's refusal to cooperate in
this inquiry. there appears to be
little the Council can do except
keep the issue alive and under
study.
On other questions, however,
such as the reports of the spe-
clalized agencies, the Council may
go ahead harmoniously formulate
ing its recommendations. Since
Russia is not participating in
these agencies, the Soviet views
are not required.
On other questions such as
technical aid to backward regions
president Truman's point-four
program), Soviet CO operation
could be valuable but the Rus
slams have shown little inclina-
ton to take part except as carp
ing critics.
The Council is scheduled to deal
at length with the question of
financing development of re-
tarded areas. On the basis of
Russia's previous statements, the
council would expect nothing but
more Russian criticism. AS in
most projects of this kind, the
United States wields the big voice
since Uncle Sam foots most of the
bill.
One question before the Council
concerns international action to-
ward full employment. Russia
and its satellites insist they have
no unemployment problem and
expect none. The delegates, there
fore, had not looked for much
help from the Soviet delegation.
distributed bg tha AssoeiatsA prsss.)
Evening star., 1950-01-29

land which contain irreplacable
historical monuments.
The peoples of Western Europe
are being told that these historic
shines would be utterly destroyed
| if they participate in a new war
which the American imperialists
are preparing" They are being
told that even if military necessity
requires the penetration of their
territories by the Red armies,
nothing will happen to their cities
| if they refuse to resist. They are
reminded that Paris was saved
from destruction by it's surrender
to the Nazis.
Communist sympathizers in
Western Europe, camouf1aged as
patriotic citizens, are telling their
listeners that invasions are always
temporary. They last only short
time compared to the life of the
nation. Eventually the invaders
either are absorbed by contact
with more advanced civilization
or withdraw to their homeland
after a few years.
The Red propagandists point
out that there is no hardship
involved in surrender to the forces
of a nation which bears no real
ill-Will and hostility. This, they
say. is the case in Russia's rela-
tionShip toward the countries of
the Western Union. But cpposi-
ton to the Red army's actions in
military self-defense, it is said,
must bring about not only Rus
sian retaliation. but also must
make Western Europe a theater
OF operation in which important
air fleets will be involved:
u. S. Has Clay Feet
Destruction like that which was
visited on Berlin, Frankfurt.
Munich, Cologne and other cities
thus is inevitable in all those ma
tions which heretofore have es-
capped devastation from the air.
Moreover, these people are told,
Russia harbors no hostile feelings
against any nation. american
imperialism" is provoking Pnssian
enmity.
The only enemy of the Soviet
Union today, it's friends contend
lis America, which must be crushed
IN open battle. Soviet a,.ents
then cite chapter and verse with
respect to Russia's might and
prove conclusively that American
workers also will be liberated"
eventually by the Russians.
America, Western Europeans
are being told, is a giant with
feet of clay. It's people are so
unwilling to fight that they are
rushing around the world in
search of satellites" who will be
forced to shed their blood for
America.
This type of propaganda is
carried on chiefly underground.
Persons who cannot be suspected
of having any connection with
&C.. DErC - - n
Evening star., 1950-01-29

THE HAGUE.-For the second
time in five years, the Dutch
Army is to be reorganized and
retrained, beginning this year.
The new plans represent on a
smaller scale what is happening
in other Western European
countries and reflect both Hol-
lands changing position and the
development of the Western mu-
tual defense system.
For the Netherlands, the shift
will be more complicated than
for some other countries, how
ever. because it is based on a
complete reversal of calculations
as to the probable theater of
future action.
Until now training in the
Dutch Army was based almost
entirely on the assumption that
the troops would fight in the
East Indies. They were taught
to handle light arms, maneuver
in small units, and protect
themselves from the hazards of
jungle and guerrilla warfare.
Their new training, more COM
plicated and therefore necessar-
lily longer, is to fit them to fight
IN Europe with heavy aims, in
large formations, and against an
enemy that is likely to rely more
on f1repower than on stealth
and cunning.
Because the new equipment is
expected to come mainly from
the United States, American
training will largely replace the
British methods on which the
existing Dutch Army was built.
Two Dutch missions, one in the
United States and ore in the
American zone of Germany, are
now studying American methods
and their reports are to be the
basis for building the new army.
Holland has special difficulties
in forming the type of troops
Evening star., 1950-01-29
Canada Has Job Worries
By MichoeI Borkwoy

OTTAWA.-The first postwar
pressure of very full employment,
amounting in some industries to
a labor shortage, has come to an
end in Canada and unemploy-
ment is beginning to occupy pub
lie attention. The two big labor
organizations. the Trades and
Labor Congress affiliated with
the American Federation of
Labor and the Canadian Con-
gress of Labor (affiliated with the
American Congress of Industrial
Organizations, have Joined in a
public appeal to the federal gov
ernment to take steps to relieve
the unemployment situation.
This demand shows how far the
idea of full employment has taken
hold in this country. The total
number of people registered with
the National Employment offices
as seeking work on December %,
1949, was 261, 900 out of a total
labor force estimated at $500, 900.
This is an overall national per-
centage of only So per cent. The
United States percentage was
running around 6 per cent and
the authorities here recall that
a mere 5 per cent would have
seemed in prewar days to be
about as low as you could get.
Jobs Also at Peak
So much Canadian employment
is seasonal that there is always a
considerable turnover. The sma Q
farmers and fishermen of New
Brunswick. for example, expect to
spend their winters in the bush
cutting timber. In Quebec, the
farmers sons take to the woods
for the winter when the farms
are under snow, and leave the
old folks to look after the cattle
in the barns. Many farm workers
from the prairies habitually move
to the head of the lakes in the
autumn, hoping for employment
in the forests north of Lake
Superior. Only in British Colum-
bia are forest operations normally
an all-year- business.
Elsewhere, the cutting and
stacking of timber, whether for
pulp or lumber, is done as early
as possible in the winter after the
ground has frozen hard but before
there is too much snow to impede
operations. The hauling of it over
frozen truck roads follows, and in
many places it is stacked up on
the frozen rivers ready to be
foated down to the mills when the
thaw comes in the spring.
This process accounts for a reg
ular seasonal curve in the Cana
dian employment figures. Unem-
ployment reached peak in late
February or early March when
most bush operators have come to
en- end and the spring has not yet
brought . return to other opera
Evening star., 1950-01-29


Within "a hours after this
diplomatic wedding, the first
of a series of verbal explosions
occurred in the Office of a United
States airline president in New
York. For weeks and months
ever since their reverberations
have been felt in the executive
departments of Ottawa and Wash
-ington; in the American Embassy
at Ottawa and the Canadian En-
bassy in Washington; in Congress,
the courts of the District of Co.
lumbia and finally, the Supreme
Court of the United States.
Since January 16 all has been
quiet, for on that date the Su-
preme Court promised it would
take a look in mid-February at
the legal aspects of the badly
battered bilateral American-Ca-
madam air agreement. In its wis
dom, and at a later day, the
court may or may not settle the
long questioned authority and
procedure under which the State
Department and the Civil Aero
nautics Board have negotiated
and signed 40 bilateral air trans
port agreements with 40 nations
in the past five years.
Janas Declares War
War of sort was declared
against the State Department and
the CAB land Canada Indirectly
almost before the ink was dry on
the agreement by 50-year-old
Sigmund Janas, incandescent
president of Colonial Airlines,
which connects Washington with
Ottawa and Montreal; New York
and Montreal and Washington
and New York with Bermuda.
The signers of the document
Russell B. Adams, member of the
CAB and chairman of the Amer
lean team that negotiated the
agreement, and John Russell Bald
win, chairman of the Air Trans
port Board, the Canadian coun-
| terpart of our CAB-had a feeling
Sig" Janas might not like the
agreement, but they never Wis
ualized he could or would do what
he has done almost continuously
ever since to block or delay the
execution of it's most important
feature: A permit from the CAB
to Trans-Canada Airlines to fur
nish nonstop service between
Montreal and New York on the
airway which Mr.. Janas' Colonia
Airlines had operated without
competition for nearly % years.
This grant" to Canada, said
Mr.. Janas with much feeling, will
cost the American taxpayer more
than $1,000,000 in subsidy, for he
estimates business in this amount
will be diverted from Colonial's
slow, preWar DC-3s, to Trans
Canada's fast, luxurious North
Star, Canadian-built Douglas-type
our-engine airliners powered
with the famous Rolls Royce Mer-
Evening star., 1950-01-29

tions. Last year, for example,
there was an increase of 10000
in the number of unemployed be-
tween Christmas and March. It
is therefore expected that this
years peak will 60 up we'll above
100000, though for various rea-
sons the increase may not be
quite as big as last year.
The most interesting feature Of
the present labor situation is that
while unemployment is heading to-
ward a postwar peak Git has not
yet quite caught up with the peak
of March, 1916. but is bound to
pass it before the season is overl.
the total employment is also high
er than ever before. Both total
employment and the total labor
force have been growing, but lat-
terly the labor force has slightly
outstripped employment. The big
new developments like the oilf1elds
of Alberta do not directly provide
a great number of jobs, though
they hold the seeds of general
expansion which may be expected
to lead indirectly to great employ
ment possibilities.
In the last year the labor force
has increased by about 10000
people. Probably about 10000 Of
those were accounted for my ma
tural increase, some 10000 by inn
migration. AS this fact becomes
realized, there may be some de-
mand for a reduction in inmigra-
ton, although the government has
been considering ways of increas-
ing it. People are, apt to forget
that an expanding population in-.-'
creases demand for all kinds of
goods and may do more to keep
up employment than to saturata I
the labor market.
The disturbing thing is that
the unemployment is concentrated
in certain areas. This has al
ways been a particular Canadian
problem. The only major indus
try which has seriously slackened
off is pulpWood. Until last year
the pulp and paper companies
were cutting timber furiously TO
keep up their stocks and meet the
very high demand.
Last year their woodpiles were
already high and they reduced
cutting operations: this year they
have reduced them still more.
The newsprint market is still firm,
but there is less demand for pulp
wood for other purposes and the
companies do not think this is a
time to be caught with unduly
large stocks. This has affected
everywhere from the
head of Lake Superior to New
foundland. 1t has hit particu-
larly hard at New Brunswick and
Nova Scotia.
tCopyright, London Observer Foreign News
Service)
Evening star., 1950-01-29

I'm engines lar DeCCer IMAM Cn0
DC-4 and competitive with the
DC-6," explained another Colonial
official. Since the CAB (and
State. Department. is responsible
for Colonial losing this much. our
Interstate Commerce Commission
of the air will have to make it up
in subsidy pay, warns Mr.. Janas,
if TEA is allowed to move in on
his Montreal-New York route.
Colonials Record Cited
Nothing more shocking has oc-
CURED in the field of international
aviation diplomacy than this"
shouted Colonials president. TT
forces Americans to look to the
United States Senate for their
rights and demand that valuable
rights shall not be sold down the
river by secret negotiations never
ratified by any of it's elected
representatives" 1t was a COM
plete sellout" to the Canadians:
the Americans traded a "horse
for rabbit"
He pulled no punches in pun-
melting both the CAB and the
State Department. the two Gov
ernment agencies on whom his
present and future depends, and
rarely if ever has an airline
president attacked these agen-
cies so vigorously. For a long
time he has tried unsuccessfully
to improve his route structure,
the New York-Montreal section
being the only profitable one in
the otherwise small Colonial sys-
tenn. He has wanted to expand
south to Florida and the SCarib-
bean and west to Buffalo and to
smooth out some rough spots and
close some gaps that exist in the
Northeastern part of the United
States.
Justifiably he points with ex-
treme pride to Colonial's operat-
ing record: 1t has carried 1,000,-
900 passengers, flown over 100000
hours and made 100000 landings
and takeoffs without a fatality to
passenger or crew in nearly 20
consecutive years. Safety" says
Mr.. Janas of his company's per-
formance, 'is no accident"
Though the CAB and the State
Department have destroyed in
one stroke" his only profitable
route, Mr.. Janas constructively
pointed the way last June for
CAB to undo "a lot of damage
already done" by acting on his
applications for new and addi-
tional routes and services, plus
an RFC loan. To date, though,
the CAB has not leaped at this
opportunity.
For several days. Mr.. Janas
was alone and desperate, but not
idle. BY June 8 he found
friendly ear in the Senate Inter-
state and Foreign Commerce
Committee which was then and
! (See U. S.-CANADA, Page C-2.)
Evening star., 1950-01-29
Reds Set to Snub u. N.
By Mox HorreIson

LAKE SUCCESSIVE winter
session of the United Nations
Economic, and Social Council
starting February 7 is expected
to produce the next major Rus
sian walkout over the China dis
pute.
Between then and May 15-if
the Soviet boycott continues-tke
Russians and their satellites will
have walked out of dozen more
commissions and subcommis-
sions affiliated with the Economic
and Social Council.
This general withdrawal nor
mally might be expected to para
lyze the whole economic and So
cial program of the U. N. Some
Western delegates insist, how
ever, the Soviet action will have
little or no effect in this field un-
less the boycott is prolonged in
definitely.
On the contrary, these delegates
say. the absence of the Soviet
bloc will expedite the business OF
the various economic and sociaI
organs and spotlight the do.
nothing or obstructing role Rus
sia has been playing in the U N.'s
many non-political projects.
Soviet Views Known
The walkoutS, therefore, are
viewed in an entirely differen,
light than those in the political
bodies. In the six-power atomic
talks. for example, the Soviet solt
completely broke up the negotia-
tions. It was realized that moth.
ing could be achieved without
agreement between Russia ane
the West.
1t is generally agreed here that
in the economic and social fields
the U. N. has been operating or
what might be called a one-hal1
world basis.
One expert gave this analysis
of RuSSia's position:
/. The Soviet Union already il
boycotting major U. N. operating
organizations, generally known al
specialized agencies. These in.
clude the World Health Organi.
zation. Food and Agricultural Or.
ganization, International Refuget
Organization, international Banl
and the projected Internationa
Trade Organization. Out of II
specialized agencies now affiliated
with the U. N. and three others
being organized, Russia partici.
pates in only two-the Universe.
Postal Union and the Interna-
tional Telecommunication Union
2. Although Russia and its satel-
1ites have taken an active part
In the Economic and Social Coun-
Gil and its commissions, their role
has been limited primarily TO that
of critic and opponent. Except
IA rare instances. the Russiani
Evening star., 1950-01-29

hopeS-and the TACT that this is
election year not only in the
United States but in Britain and
Greece as well have persuaded our
forecasters to change their views
regarding the timing of Russia S
all-out effort to gain world SUI
premacy.
At the present time Russia has
the full diplomatic initiative. She
can focus the attention of the
American people either to the West
or to the East, wherever her dip
lomacy of deception" may best
serve her military interests. We
are compelled to follow instead of
leading. Our actions in the last
three years occasionally have
slowed down but never stopped
Moscow's aggresSiveness.
New Propaganda
The Marshall Plan has restored
economic vitality to some of the
Western European powers and has
alleviated the Communist threat
to their governments. But it has
by no means eliminated them.
The French and Italian Commu-
nistS have lost some ground and
their membership has been re-
duced to some extent. But on the
whole they continue to be strong
and watchful.
Since economic recovery has af-
fected somewhat their popularity
they are relying now on politi-
cal upheavals-which Moscow is
pledged to create-to make fresh
attempts to take over the govern
ments.
The military aid program is in
Its infancy. But in spite of state
ments to the contrary from in
tereSted Western European gov
ernments, the idea that their re-
armament might bring about a
clash with the Soviet Union is far
from popular. Communist organ
tzations in the Western Union
countries are alerting their mem
bers-who are still numerous
among railway workers, dockhands
and longshoremen-to start a
manifestation against the "Ameri-
can warmongers" by refusing to
handle military cargoes.
If this succeeds, there is no
doubt that the responsible author
tiles will attempt to coerce their
workers in unloading and trans
porting arms. This, the Commu-
nists hope, will be the signal for
clashes and bloodshed from which
they hope to derive substantial
benefits. ~
Present Communist propaganda
In Western Europe Is based on the
destruction of German cities by
American and British airmen DUR
ing World War II. All Europeans
are proud of their historic cities,
many of which were not damaged
by the war. They are being told
that World War II will doom cities
which were built over centuries
Evening star., 1950-01-29
Soviet Bid for Supremacy
May Be Reaching C|imox
Forecosters Believe Our Setbocks in Asia
Have Brought Closer the Dote When Reds
Will Make Their AII-Out Effort
By Constontine Brown

Military strategss and diplomats who are in touch with the
fall that the crucial
EasWest relations would be 1855 Now they believe they
overopsc the have to be brought into
the immediate future.
tragic defeats in Asiawhch exceeded the Kremlins
Evening star., 1950-01-29
Conodion Air Agreement
Becomes Explosive Issue
Colonial Airines Contends Bi-LoteruI
Arrangement Will Cost the American
Taxpayers MiIIion-DoIIor Subsidy
By Frederick R. Nicely

Last June representatives of the United States and Canada
sitting in Ottawa signed civil air scheduled
transport operations between the nations Simultaneously
the State here the charmen
delegations belief
the already excellent friendly aviation
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1950-12-07
GdrrYowen News

Robert Roebling of Kirby and
MIR. and Mrs. Kenneth zettle
and family were supper guests
at the Elvin Davis home We'd
neSday.
Mrs. Bill Martin, Mrs. Elvin
Davis, Mrs. Sam Denny and Mrs.
Gus Salveson of Hardin were
Billings shoppers Tuesday.
Mrs. Evin ClaWson returned to
her home Friday from Oregon
and Idaho where she visited re-
latives.
Mrs. Dixie willoughby of selah,
Wash, visited at the home of
her sister Mrs. Peter Pitsch, Jr.
Monday.
Teddy Mason was a guest of
Barry Denny Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ray Davis enter
tanned at dinner Sunday in
honor of their daughter, Alva,
who is leaving soon to join her
husband Pfc. Dorman Hennings
at Camp Roberts, and also in
honor of their son, Melvin, who
is enlisting in the Navy. Other
guests were MIR. and Mrs. Elvin
Davis.
Mrs. w. C.. Drake spent the
past week at the home of her
son, Darrell Drake and family,
in Lodge Grass.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1950-12-07
South Hardin

Elmer Paulson and Charlie
Scabery left Sunday for Cut
bank after spending Thanksgiv-
ing at the J. R. PaulSon home.
Mr. and Mrs. Cooney Ziler
visited Mr. and Mrs. G. E.
Astrope Tuesday.
A large group of parents at
tended and enjoyed the pot
pourri production at the junior
high school Wednesday night.
Mr. and Mrs. A. S. Randall
made a business trip to Billings
Monday.
Earl Gray, Jr., was confined
to his home the past week with
a case of measles.
Mr.. and Mrs. David Zeir were
Hardin callers Thursday.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. S. Randall
spent Thanksgiving day as
guests at the Chef Raup home.
Attending the basketball game
Saturday night were Sammy
and Miriam Kern, Barbara
Brown, Patricia Paulson and
Joyce and Marian Gray. Mrs.
Glen Gustafson and Merle went
to the game Friday night.
Mrs. Earl Gray called at the
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1950-12-07
SdrpY News

Miss Dorothy Gamble has re-
turned to her home after spend
ing some time in a hospital at
Rochester, MINI.
Mr.. and Mrs. Perry Cox and
family moved to the Vaughn
Shepard place, which they re-
Gently purchased.
The Sarpy Home Demonstra-
ton club met November 80 at
the home of Mrs. Vivian Benzel.
The following officers we're
elected: Mildred Howard, preSi-
dent; Dora Mees, vice president:
Vera Hodges. secretary. Millard
Nichols, treasurer, and Chloe
Eggart, news reporter. The
clubs Christmas party will be at
the home of Mildred Howard on
December 20.