Evening star., 1950-05-14


ments with the Russians mus
register existing situations tina
reflect Western strength, he ha!
emphasized.
Actually, the instability Of
peace now is due largely to Soviet
violation of agreements that, only
four or five years ago. the worlc
hoped would help assure lasting
peace. Apparently deliberately
the Russian leaders have under
mined the very foundations upor
which peace was to be built. They
have ignored solemn pledges
wherever it suited their purposes
to do so.
All Agreements Violated
A review of the postwar expert
ence that has shattered faith lr
the Soviet Unions word shows
wholesale Russian violations OF
the Yalta agreement of February
1945; the Potsdam declaration OF
July, 1915; the armistice agree
ments and peace treaties concern
ing Romania, Bulgaria and Hun
gary: decisions of the Council OF
Foreign Ministers, Soviet treaties
with Iran and China and the
Soviet United States agreement
for Korean independence, among
other things.
The late President Roosevelt
told Congress on March l, 1915
that he was sure that under the
agreements reached at Yalta, there
will be more stable political Eu-
rope than ever before"
At Yalta, Premier Stain pledged
the Soviet Union to concert" its
policies with the United States
and Britain to help the countries
liberated from German domina-
ton to solve their problems by
democratic means" There was
a specific pledge that the Big
Three would "jointly assist" the
people in any liberated or former
Axis satellite state to form interim
governments broadly representa-
tive of all democratic elements ir
the population and pledged to the
earliest possible establishment
through free elections of govern
ments responsive to the will oi
the people"
Poland Is One Example
For Poland, after protracteC
pickering over composition of 9
provisional government, the Yalts
agreement was supplemented by g
Big Three declaration at the Pots
dam Conference taking note that
the regime finally established at
Warsaw had agreed to holding
free elections "in which all demo-
cratic and anti-Nazi parties shall
have the right to take part and
to put forward candidates"
After persistent reports of in
timidation of non-Communist ele-
ments in the election campaign,
the United States and Britain
asked Russia to support them in
demanding a strict fulfillment of
Poland's obligations. But Moscow
refused and since then Poland has
fallen completely under Russian
domination.
The United States banked on
the Yalta agreement especially to
bring about democratic govern
ments in Bulgaria, Romania and
Hungary. But the world knows
what happened. Russia has con-
Sistently undermined this commit
ment and made it meaningless
Here is the record, country by
country:
Hungary
Through the Communist Party
and its armed forces in Hungary
the Soviet suppressed democracy
in Hungary by installing q Com
munist dictatorship and denying
democratic freedoms to Hunga-
rianS.
Gen. Sviridov, Soviet represen-
tative on the Allied Control Com
mission. unilaterally dissolved
Catholic youth organizations ir
June, 1946.
Soviet armed forces arrested
Bola Kovas, a leader of the Small
holders Party and a member O.
Parliament. in February, 1947.
Gen. Sviridov precipitated s
political crisis that enabled the
Communist minority to force the
resignation of Prime Minister
Macy in the spring of 1947.
Russia forced discriminatory
economic agreements on Hungary
Without consulting American OF
British control commission mem.
bers, the Soviet issued instructions
regarding the size of the Hungarian
Army.
Bulgaria
Consistently refusing to concert
its policies in Bulgaria with the
United States and Britain, the
Soviet used the Communist Party
to subvert democratic processes
there.
The Russians interfered in the
internal affairs of the Agrariar
Union. Bulgaria's largest political
party. by demanding and obtain
ing the replacement Of DR.. G.. B
Dimitrov as its secretary general
in 1945.
The Soviet government under
took in a December, 1945, agree
ment to advise Bulgaria regarding
the broadening of its government
but instead helped a minority
Communist regime to tighten its
hold on the country.
Romania
AS in Hungary and Bulgaria
Russia ignored the Yalta pledges
and Systematically subverted the
will . of the Romanian people
through the Communist Party.
CN,tink &anr.~1ki&~S