davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05

in 1928 through the efforts of de-
Tense counsel who claimed the tap
was a violation Of the fourth and
fifth amendments to the Consti-
tuition.
The fourth amendment states:
1.-THE right of the people to be
secure in their persons, houses,
papers and effects against unrea-
sonable search and seizure shall
not be violated, and no warrants
shall issue but upon probable
cause. supported by oath or affir-
nation and particularly describing
the place to be searched and the
persons or things to be seized"
Brandeis Dissents
The fifth amendment states:
'No person shall be COM
PEELED in any criminal case to be
a witness against himself"
In a five-to-four division, the
court held that wire tapping was
not a violation of the amend
ments. Chief Justice Taft wrote
the opinion of the court. He
pointed out that there had been
no Seizure of his Cthe defend
ants person or his tangible ma
terial effects"
The dissenting opinions were
eloquent and attracted much at
tention. Justice Holmes wrote
one Of his typical opinions based
on the precedent of logic and
reasoning" He was not prepared,
he wrote, ito say that the Pc
numbra Of the fourth and the
fifth amendments covers the de-
PENDANT"
But Washington had q State
law against wire tapping and he
thought that should cause re-
versal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05
|SiomAppeors
Easy for Reds
By Fronk Robertson

BANGKOK.-Siam, standing
squarely in the path of the tide
of communism rolling south
from China. hardly seems to
possess the powers of resistance
conferred upon this rich and
happy land by many hopeful
Westerners.
The people who look to Siam
successfully to oppose COM
munism or, at least, to slow
down its progress through
Southeast Asia support their
wish with the argument that
Siam, unlike other Asian coun-
tries, does not have a strong
Communist movement within
its borders, and that there is
not the basic peasant diScon-
tent which Communists else
where nave turned to such good
advantage.
Yet the needless contentment
of the good-natured Siamese
people. who are always willing to
compromise to avoid trouble, is
one Of the factors that make
their country highly vulnerable
to communism's implacable adj
vance. The Siamese are a soft
people, untoughened by priva-
ton, climate or exploitation.
Their memory of the japanese
occupation is not a bitter one;
the Japanese wisely allowed
them pretty much Of a free
hand.
Although very few Siamese
are believed to be Communists
or pro-Communists, the Comm
form has other agents in Siam
besides those that undoubtedly
are active among the Chinese
population.
Siam has little means Of re-
sisting aggression, though, in
fact, it is likely that when the
time comes the Communists will
strike from within. The army
consists of five undermined,
poorly equipped divisions, num-
bering about 10000 men. There
is a small navy and air force.
All three branches of the serv-
ices at present appear to be far
more concerned with politics
than with preparations for de-
Tense.
Gondon Observer Foreign News Service
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05

reason is that prosecution would
be fruitless as long as the defense
can point to the Government vio-
lating its own law.
Another is that the modern
wire Taper leaves no evidence. He
merely lays a magnetic coil in the
form of a bundle or rods about the
size of a cigar alongside the tele-
phone line and listens. in. When
the coil is removed there is no
indication that the wires were ever
tapped.
Morris Keiser, a Brooklyn man
once employed by the Signal
Corps of the Army, claims to be
the inventor of the magnetic pick
up, but Patent Office records re-
veal other claimants to this dubi-
Gus title.
Wire tapping got a bad name
during the period of prohibition
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05
Wire Tapping Always Has Explosive Reuerberaons Court

Il think it less evil" he wrote,
that some criminals should es-
cape than that the Government
should play an ignoble part s.
"For those who agree with me
no distinction can be taken be-
tween the Government as prose-
cutor and the Government as
judge. If the existing code does
not prevent district. attorneys to
have a hand in such dirty bust
ness, it does not permit the judge
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05
Belgians Vote on King
By Alfred Cheyol

BRUSSELS.-The Belgian peo-
Pile will be asked the $360,000
question on March IL: How do
you feel about the return of
King Leopold III?
That's what it's going to cost
the taxpayers for the advisory
referendum on an issue that has
been giving the Belgians head
ache for a long time.
In small polling booths
throughout the country next Sun
day men and women over 81 years
of age will be handed a white
rectangle of paper with these
words:
Are you of the opinion King
Leopold III should resume use
of his constitutional powers?"
On the left is the word yes and
on the right no" Immediately
underneath both words is a black
square with small white circle
in the middle. The voter makes
his choice known by blackening
one of the white circles. An I'M
marked ballot or one filled in any
other way will be ruled invalid. d.
But the vote won't decide the
question. It will be up to the
4s-year-old King and the Parlia-
ment to decide what to do. no
matter how the vote turns out.
Parliament Must Decide
The King alone has the power
to abdicate. The Parliament alone
can decide to ask him to re-
turn to the throne. Without a
parliamentary vote he can't re-
turn. Without the Kings deci-
sion no abdication is possible.
The trouble dates back to May,
1910. The Kings ministers want
ed Leopold to go into exile with
them and continue the war
against the Germans. But Leo
pold decided the Western Allies
didn't have a chance and he de-
cided to stay with his army. which
he surrendered to the Germans
Internationally on May %, 1910.
The royal question" might
have been solved by mutual good
will. But Leopold's actions dur
ing the war and the Communists
actions exploiting the situation
made any hope of an easy settle
ment out of the question.
Throughout the war Leopold
lived in the royal residence Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05

Weeks VS.. United States: "A prin-
ciple to be vital must be capable
of far wider application than the
mischief which gave it BIRTH"
Then he continued on his own
with:
1.-THE evil incident to invasion
of the privacy of the telephone is
far greater than that involved in
tampering with the mails. When
ever telephone line is tapped. the
privacy of the persons at both
ends of the line is invaded, and all
conversation between them on any
subject. and although proper, con-
fldential and privileged, may be
overheard. Moreover. the tapping
of the telephone of every other
person whom he may call or who
may call him may be overheard.
Justice Buffers Views
"As a means of espionage, writs
of assistance and general warrants
are but puny instruments of tyr
amy and oppression when COM
pared with wire tapping -.
"Men born to freedom are ma
turally alert to repel invasion OF
their liberty by evil minded rulers.
The greatest dangers to liberty
Turk in insidious encroachment by
men of zeal. well-meaning but
without understanding"
There has been no left-right
liberal-conservative, division over
overlapping. Justice Butler, one
of the most conservative men to
sit on the high bench in this cen
fury, also dissented. He wrote a
brief opinion pointing out that
telephone tapping could violate
the privilege Of communication
between physician and patient
eSee WIRE TAPPING, Ta1e ca
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05

But Just one hydrogen bomb
could do the job, assuming it
would destroy everything in a
20-mile circle.
One atom bomb might raze
the White House and the
Capitol, but if it fell in the
right spot to do that it might
not touch the PentagOn and
would be pretty we'll out of
range of the State Depart
ment Building.
One hydrogen bomb. on the
other hand, dropped in the
center of Washington, would
just about wipe out the whole
District of Columbia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05
l. Federal Housing
Administration,

l. Federal Housing
Administration.
2. Economic Cooperation
Administration.
3. Soviet Embassy.
4. Veterans Administration.
5. Reconstruction Finance Corp
6. General Accounting Office
Buildings.
]. Blair-Lee House and Blair
House.
8. Civil Service Commission.
8. Union Station.
10. Old State Dept. Building,
Now White House Offices.
IL. White House.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05

eminent on December 10 to Ku-
rusi.' its peace emissary' in
Washington - the interrogation
that might have prevented Pearl
Harbor but did not-was a clear
violation of the law as laid down
by the Supreme Court in the Mar
done case. The current era of the
cold war and the H-bomb are
causing some second thought
about an absolute prohibition of
intercepting communications.
The first wire tapping case to
come before the Supreme Court
was that of Roy Olmstead and
some fellow bootleggers convicted
in a Federal court in the State of
Washington.
Olmstead was a big operator
He had SO employees, chartered
ocean-going craft to bring liquor
into British Columbia and owned
smaller craft which ran it into
Puget Sound. His syndicate bought
a ranch on the waterfront to
cache big quantities of liquor
They had Offices in a downtown
Seattle Office building and three
telephones.
Constitution Cited
The Government hired a former
telephone man to make the tap
Shorthand reporters listened tc
the lines for six months and took
ATS typewriter pages Of CONVEX
sation. Ninety lone persons, in
GLIDING bootleggers who were Gus
toners, were arrested In the f1nal
roundup. A Government check
on the syndicate's books showed q
gross Of $175,000 in one month
It was estimated the annual bust
ness was well over $2.000.000.
The case came up to the court
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05

enforcement. But a lot Of water
has gone over the dam since then.
It has been reported and not de-
MED that six saboteurs who landed
on Long Island In 1912 were
picked up from wire tapping in
formation. The most famous tap
in history. the DECIDING OF the
message from the Japanese gov
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05
Promised Boom in Private
Flying Fails to Come OFF
US. Come Out of the War With 100000
Trained Pilots, but the Smoll-PIone
Industry Is Far From Busy
By Frederick R. Nicely

No phase of aviation has proved disappointing
of Government than the showing Of
private flying since the
gloomy report Congress days by
empowered and directed by law
DEVELOPMENT Of civil aeronaucs and air
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05

IL. Treasury Dept.
Is. Federal Tariff Commission.
IA. Securities and Exchange
Commission.
Is. Federal Home Loan Bank.
Is. Federal Works Agency.
II. State Department.
Is. Interior Department.
10. Red Cross Headquarters.
20. Commerce Department.
FL. Coast Guard Headquarters.
22. Labor Department.
%. New Post Office Department
Building.
"a. Interstate Commerce
Commission.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05

rs. Internal Revenue Bureau.
rs. Justice Department..
II. National Archives.
%. Senate Office Building.
20. Federal Reserve System.
30. Atomic Energy Commission.
81. Munitions Building.
80. Old Navy Building.
33. Capitol.
"a. Supreme Court.
IS. Library of Congress.
sc. Agriculture Department.
81. Bureau of Engraving and
Printing.
So. Federal Security Agency.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-03-05

(See LEMKOW, Page C-50
Evening star., 1950-04-01

dwelling. 4515 Elliott place NV;
to cost $1,000.
Arnold Perper, owner, 4406
Forty-eighth street NV; Arnold
Construction Co., builder, 440e
Forty-eighth street NV: William
H. Shoemaker. architect. 1929 Ver-
mont avenue NV; to erect one
1-story brick and cinder- block
dwelling, 45o1 Elliott place NE;
to cost Sill. 900.
William E. Brown, owner and
builder. 720 Twenty-fourth street
NE; Clyde M. Drayton, architect
120 w street NV: to erect one
2-story brick and cinder-block
dwelling. 1922 Meade street NE;
to cost $4,000.
Mrs. F. Ciuffreda, owner, 4451
@ street NV; Lloyd P. Salyer
builder; Eldred Mowery, architect
1403 Twenty-firs street NV; tc
erect one 2-story brick dwelling
1549 Foxhall road NV; to cos,
$4,000.
Wartz, Inc. owner. 1929 Ver-
mont. avenue NV; H. L. Corpora
ton, builder. 1929 Vermont ave-
nue. NV; Leon Brown, architect
1929 Vermont avenue NV; to
erect one 1-story brick, stone ano
veneer dwelling, ,5109 Thirty-third
street NV; to cost $4,000.
Evening star., 1950-04-01

927 Fifteenth street NV; Evan j.
Conner, architect, 927 Fifteenth
street NV; to erect one 2-story
brick and slate dwelling, 1924
Nash street Sc; to cost $4,000.
Walter B. and Estelle c. Bow
man. owner, 2525 Minnesota ave-
nue. Sc; H. o. Bowman, builder,
5027 Wisconsin avenue NV:
Richard Gill. architect, 5435 Con-
necticut avenue NV; to erect one
y story brick and cinder- block
dwelling, 1851 Highwood drive
Sc; to cost $4,000.
Frank S. Goodyear, owner, Ar
lington. Va; j. Edward Wootten
builder. Laurel, Md; Clifton B
White. architect, Silver Spring
Md; to erect one 2-story brick
dwelling, 1924 Missouri avenue
NV; to cost $4,000.
ROxanna Road Home.
Ben Cohen, owner, Silver Spring
Md; w. H. Bacon. jr., builder and
architect, 5802 Georgia avenue
NV; to erect one 2-story brick
and cinder-block dwelling, 1917
Roxanna road NV; to cost
$4,000.
Arnold Pepper. owner, 4406
Forty-eighth street NV: Arnold
Construction Co., builder, 4406
Evening star., 1950-04-01
$450,000 Permit
For Apartments
Tops Week S Total

DuAding permits issued last
week by the Central Permit Office,
Room 108. District Building, had
total valuation of $857,450
Largest permit was for $45o, 900
for construction OF 90 apartment
units. in three buildings.
Among permits were the follow
Ing:
Jefferson Apartment, owner and
builder. 1929 Vermont avenue
NV; Edmund w. Dreyfuss, archi-
tect, 1919 Fifteenth street NV:
to erect three 3-story brick
and cinder-block apartments 600
units), 6701-7-13 Fourteenth
street NV: to cost $3.50, 900.
Michael Sesso, owner and build
er. 34l4 Pennsylvania avenue Sc;
George T. Santmyers, architect.
2209 L street NV; to erect six
2-story brick and cinder- block
apartments 6 units each), 422
to 36 Condor terrace Sc; to cost
$4,000.
The Montrem Corp. owner, 50
Maiden Lane, New York City;
builder not selected; T. H. En-
gelhardt and Leon Chatelain, jr.,
architect. 1927 K street NV; to
erect one 2-story steel, concrete,
tile and brick addition to Office
building, 1922 K street NV; to
cost $4,000.
$4,000 Store.
George Jolson and George H.
Lane. owners, 1927 Fourteenth
street NE; builder not selected;
Samuel Marvin Smith. architect,
810 Eighteenth street NV; to
erect one 1-story brick, stone and
cinder-block store, 1858 Brent
wood road NE; to cost $25, 900.
Florida Avenue Baptist Church,
owner, Florida avenue and Bonner
street NV: r. Smithwick, builder,
1913 New Jersey avenue Sc; r.
I. Vaughn. architect; to erect 2
story brick addition to church.
63l Florida avenue NV; to cost
$4,000.
Cory Construction Company.
owner and builder, 927 Eighteenth
street NV; George T. Santmy-
ers, architect, 2209 l. street NV;
to erect two 2-story brick and Gin
der-block apartments and flats C
units). 4017-19 Hayes street NE;
to cost $4,000.
Carl I. johnson, owner, builder
and architect, 3037 Ordway street
NV; to erect one 2-story brick
and cinder-block dwelling, 1926
Ordway street NV; to cost
$4,000.
w. K. Wittausch, owner, 3971
Langley court NV; Malcolm
Price, builder, It'll Connecticut
avenue NV; Curtis R. Fremond,
architect, New York City; to erect
one 1-story frame and cinder-
block dwelling. 5000 Rowland place
NV; to cost $4,000.
Mr.. and Mrs. Vincent Polvinale,
owners, 2430 L'Enfant square Sc;
B. P. 81 L. Building Corp, builder,
Evening star., 1950-04-01

DUTCH BUILDERS INSPECT REPARS-A delegation
builders here under the auspices of the Economic
on shown looking the status of White
House repairs this week. along with ECA officials Washing
ton builders Johannes A. Bangert chairman of the
House Building Employers Organization who is of the
said $4,000 homes have been built since the
Netherlands Under ECA auspices the group will visit
Der of other American cities study building methods They
will return to their homes May
Evening star., 1950-04-01

George w. Robertson. Other
committee chairmen will be the
following: Mr.. Kessinger. chairman
Of guest and invitation committee
Eugene NJ. Fry, chairman of food
and entertainment: n. E. Thomp-
son. jr.. chairman of ticket COM
Evening star., 1950-04-01
Montgomery Realty Unit Plans Dinner Dance

The Montgomery County Real
Estate Board viii hold its an
nual dinner dance at the Con-
gressional Country Club on May
19. Andrew j. Kessinger. board
president, announced today.
General chairman will be
Evening star., 1950-04-01

mittee: Roy NJ. Cotfman. chair
man Of floor committee: Robert
H. Best. chairman of budget and
publicity committee; r. P. Rip
ley. chairman of printing COM
mittee; Frank L. Hewitt. jr.,
Evening star., 1950-04-01

Forty eighth street NV; William
H. Shoemaker, architect, 1929 Ver-
mont avenue NV; to erect one
1-story brick and cinder-block
Evening star., 1950-04-01

chairman Of souvenir committee.
and Margaret J. Dunkley. chair
man OF decorating committee.
Evening star., 1950-04-01

An average watch contains up
wards Of $50 parts.
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1950-05-11
Religious Program
Is Given Wednesday,
In Auditorium

The seating capacity of the
High school auditorium was very
much over taxed Wednesday
evening when Miss Laura Rea
presented a program by her
classes in Religious Education.
Approximately 400 boys and
girls from grades So inclusive,
from Redwood, Essex, Raymond,
Milford Center and Marysville
took part.
That Miss Rea is a thorough
and excellent teacher was evil
denced by the fine performance,
which was un-rehearsed, and the
majority of the pupils had never
before been on the stage. This
work is financed by the Union
County Council of Churches and
gifts.
The program was arranged in
four parts: grade three, tabout
125 children) demonstrated the
ancient Synagogue school, with
Scripture, Litany, and song;
grade four highlighted the books
of the Old Testament; grade
five dramatized Bible stories,
while grade six gave a beautiful
and colorful demonstration of a
Temple of Worship. Miss Rea
was assisted in preparing cos
TUNES by mothers, and teachers,
who also aided in handling the
large crowd which, Mis- Rea an
nouneed, exceeded all expeeta-
tons.
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1950-05-11

daughter, who always enjoys a
good stick of gum; Jack Stout
as Adam Pottle, an old bachelor
who has nightmares; Jaequeline
Wilcox as Ludia Ann, the Cock
ney cook afraid of spooks; Mary
Ann Cline as Gladiola, the color
ed maid who doesn't blame her;
George Westlake, the messenger
boy; and the Ghost, whose iden-
tity is a big surprise.
The play is being directed by
Miss Lora Lee Ads. Manager is
Robert Southland, and Ruthie
Conner Rausch is in charge OF
ticket sales.
Between acts music will be
furnished by Lee McCafferty,
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1950-05-11

east of Harrisburg, ana "does not
expect any"
The railroad said striking fire
men have set up picket lines al
many places. Fireman are refus-
ing to go on the job"
The PRR main lines east of
Harrisburg to Philadelphia.
New York and Washington are
electrified and are not affected
by the strike order. The road
said these lines were operating
normally"
In the strike affected area, all
employees other than the strikers
will report as usual and be kept
on the payroll through Thursday,
the railroad headquarters spokes-
man said. =
Furlouqhinq to Start
Assuming that the strike re-
mains in effect, he added, fur
loughing will start with the first
trick (at Q a. m. local Standard
Tine) Friday. Prospects are that
more than $4,000 PRR employees
will be affected.
The New York Central and the
Santa Fe, two of the four roads
singled out for the strike, planned
to keep some main line passenger
trains in operation. The other
two, the Pennsylvania and the
Southern Railway, said no trains
would be run in the strike af-
fected areas.
A union spokesman estimated
some 100000 railroad workers
were expected to be made idle if
the strike continues. However,
members of the firemen's brother
hood who work on other carriers
were not expected to stage SYM
pathy walkouts. Officials of sew
eral other rail unions have said
they are not in sympathy with
the firemen's strike.
Skeleton Service
The New York Central said
ii planned skeleton train service
for essential passenger. mail
and freight traffic in the mid
west. 1t plans to cancel l20
daily passenger trains and about
800 daily freight trains. forcing
some $4,000 workers to quit
work.
The Southern Railway System
put an embargo on long g-distance
freight and passenger traffic and
the Pennsylvania said it would
halt operations on its passenger
and freight trains west and north
of Harrisburg, Pa, last night.
The strike is directed against
the entire Santa Fe and Southern
lines and western sections of the
Pennsylvania and New York Cen
trail.
The Interstate Commerce Com
mission in Washington, as it did
when the strike threatened two
weeks ago, issued general author
ity to the four carriers threat
ened with suspension to divert
freight in the hands to any other
railroad in order to get it to des-
tinations. The authority was ef-
fective last midnight.
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1950-05-11
Blood Bank Visit Next Tuesday

where his friendly courtesy made
him a great favorite with the To-
cal customer" But now Carl
is enthusiastic about another kind
of Bank-the Red Cross Blood
Bank, of course. When the doc
tors found it necessary to give
him Is pints of blood during his
recent illness, the Red Cross was
ready and able to supply it all.
Now Carl finds himself unable
to express his deep appreciation
for this great humanitarian pro-
gram, and he is doing a good job
of spreading his enthusiasm to
others who can make their de-
posits now, before they even for
see a need for Withdrawals.
This program is one of the
greatest things the Red Cross
has ever undertaken" says Carl,
land we in Union County are
fortunate to be part of it."
Argentina produces "a per cent
of all electrical power used
throughout Latin America.
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1950-05-11

body's crazy.
Richard Bates, the landlord
who wants his dough; Geneva
Shirk as Ketura Katt, an old
maid who dables in spiritualism;
Marietta McClain as Julie Math-
er, her niece who is in love with
Herb; Beverly Mcbride as Mrs.
Spooner, widow with a bun
die Of nerves; Clair Norris as
Godfrey Van Gordon, a guest who
walks in his sleep.
Idalene Fish, as Carolyn, his
wife, who enjoys poor health;
Marybelle Ritchie as Celia, his