davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
Monopoly Biggest
Threat To Nation
Senator Declares

Richmond, Va. (LPA)-Growing
monopoly, and not the Fair Dea
program is the greatest threat tC
the nation, Sen. Hubert H. Hump
hrey Cd, Minn.) told an audience
of 1000 at the Mosque here.
The meeting was under the aus
.pices of the Virginia Common
wealth League, and Col. James
Hart, Jr., its chairman, presided
The League had invited Humphrey
and Sen. Harry F. Byrd Cd, Va.)
to debate after Humphrey had call
ed for the abolishment of Byrd's
socalled economy committee. Byrd
ignored the invitation. Humphrey
promptly accepted, but since Byrd
was not present, Humphrey did not
discuss the economy" dispute.
Pointing out that business has
made more money than ever under
the New Deal and the Fair Deal,
Humphrey said business men never
theless oppose the Fair Deal be-
cause they no longer have the pow
er to make decisions. The people
now make the decisions, he said.
"You all see the signs, he said
"of well-laid plan to place in
power a program which would
overthrow the principles of the
New Deal and the Fair Deal, which
the majority of the American peo-
pie believe in and voted to support" )"
He assailed the secret alliance" of
the forces opposing the Fair Deal,
declared they failed in 1948 to take
away the benefits of the New Deal
and the Fair Deal, and "they will
fail again."
The Mosque, biggest public hall
in Richmond, seats 5000. Reporters
said the audience of 1000 was the
largest since 1882, when Norman
Thomas drew an audience of 5000.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
Fears Cold War
In Dough Unless
Union Gives Up

Kansas City, Mo. QPA) =
There's going to be a "cold war;
in the bread business unless the
Bakery & Confectionery Workers
AFL cry Uncle" Lee Marshall,
chairman of the Continental Bak-
ing Co., told the convention here
of the Heart of America Bakers.
The great big international union
is trying to make Continental bar
gain on a national basis instead of
locally, Marshall said. If the union
strikes, the bread magnate declar-
ed, the company "will simply have
to chalk it up to the cost of pre-
venting labor monopoly in an in
dustry that hasn't had and doesn't
want any kind of monopoly"
It's Marshall's notion that no
matter how big Continental is, it's
plants are local bake shops. To sup
port his case, he said the company
is practically losing money. Only
made 312 percent on $154, 900, 900
worth of sales last year, he moan
ed.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
Telegraphers Strike
United Press Service

New York (LPA)-Commercial
Telegraphers Union-AFL struck
the nationwide wire news syndi-
cate of United Press May ! after
UP refused to consider wage de-
mands of the union.
Observers predicted a long and
bitter strike as the Press Associa-
tion imported scabs from several
small unorganized bureaus in the
south to work as telegraph opera
tor and equipment maintenance
men in the important big city bur-
eaus. Union officials said the ac-
tion by UP may be proven a viola
tion of the federal law against
transporting strikebreakers.
CTU members are seeking a
basic pay increase of SIS week.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
No Easy Solution For
Joblessness, Stories Show

had labor force of $4,000. Oh
these, 14,7O0 are jobless now ano
that another 14,C00 are likely to
lose their jobs in the near future
Whitford declared.
In Terre Haute, between 9OOC
and 10000 are unemployed in a
work force of $4,000. Of the job
less, about 5000 have exhausted
their unemployment compensation
benefits. Terre Haute is city of
mixed" industries. There are
plants making aluminium, steel, and
rail and farm equipment. There also
are some food processing firms.
Joblessness is spread through all
the industries and few plants of
any kind are in full-time operation,
spokesmen reported.
In Altoona, which is controlled
by the Pennsylvania Railroad, the
dominant industry is the mainten-
ance and repair of railroad cars. In
addition, some new equipment is
built. Normally, 16,700 are employ
ed. Last summer, the railroad be-
gan laying people off according to
seniority. In September, everybody
was furloughed. Rehiring began in
January but just the other day the
entire force was laid off again.
What was more, the railroad said
the jobs were abolished" although
it's. believed this move may be an
attempt to tamper with seniority
rules.
In the maritime industry, Rosa
lind Schulman, research director of
the Industrial Union of Marine &
Shipbuilding Workers of America,
lTarn to Page Three
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
Congress Moving
Fast On Rent
Control Measure

Washington (LPA)-With Sen.
ate hearings completed, and House
hearings starting May to con-
tinue for about a week, action
either to extend or end federal
rent controls on June 80 is rapidly
reaching a voting point in Con
gress.
After hearing mayors, governors
md the unions, as well as Housing
Expediter Tighe Woods, endorse a
,ne-year extension, the Senators
listened to a parade Of witnesses
ask quick death. for federal rent
controls. Calvin Snyder of the Natl
Association of Real Estate Boards
Urged "an orderly return to norm
alcy." Sen. Harry Cain Or, Wash },
leader of the real estate lobby's
Senate bloc, heatedly charged Pres
ident Truman and other supporters
with "pure emotional demago-
query" President Douglas Dorm of
the California State Apartment
Conference called the effects of
rent control economic insanity."
Theodor Herman, representing the
Minneapolis Rental Property Asso-
citation, said housing in his city
was more plentiful than before the
war, but also charged that rent
control "has increased the housing
shortage"
Miss Janet l. Myers told the
committee she represented herself,
her 82-year-old mother, "and the
10000 owners and operators of
rooming houses in Metropolitan
Chicago" She said rent control "is
a confiscation of private property"
and it steals the fruits of labor"
of one class of citizens "to give to
a less frugal group" Other proper
ty owners associations represented
by testimony were from Akron,
Nashua, n. H., Kansas City, Mo-,
the state of Utah, Chicago, and
Mo.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
Casters Maintain
Some Firms Are
Ignoring Contract

We were glad to see President
Williams back in the chair at the
last meeting of Local Union d. Up
and around after a siege in the
City Hospital, 'Fletch' has not fully
recovered from his illness, but we
hope it will not be long before he
is back at the bench.
Once again the main topic for
discussion was the unfair tactics
by some firms in bargaining with
casters. We maintain we are liv-
ing up to the agreement and are
equally determined the manufactur-
ers do the same. The longer such
conditions exist, the more trouble it
will stir up and the time is at hand
to bring an end to it once and for
all.
1t is the writers belief and a
proven fact that firms who coop
crate with their employees, and
vice versa, in the end are the far
thest ahead, especially from a fin
ancial point of view.
Six resolutions were approved
and forwarded to national head
quarters for consideration at the
coming convention.
Election of convention delegates
and primary election of AFL dele
gates will be held at our next
meeting on May 8. Polls will open
at seven o'clock and remain open
until the close of the meeting. 1t
is your duty to attend this meeting
and vote for those you think best
qualified for the job. -O.C.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
More Officials
Urge Continuing
Rent Controls

The governor of Illinois, the
Minnesota state housing director
who had polled governors of most
of the states, and officials of Is
cities in the east lined up to urge
continuation of federal rent con.
trolls before the Senate Banking
committee on the second day OF
hearings.
"The experience in the large
cities that have been decontrolleO
alarms u.s." Gov. Adlai Stevenson
of Illinois said. "And / have nc
reason, no facts, no figures, to sup
port any other conclusion than that
the same pattern will prevail in
Chicago and probably worse. 1t is
small wonder that the chief justice
of the municipal court of Chicago,
which handles most eviction cases,
informs that if controls end it is
safe to predict that there will be
mass protests and perhaps some
violence
Housing Director Stuart Roth
man of Minnesota said his poll of
governors confirmed his own con-
viction that "if Congress ends fed
eral rent control, it will mean the
end of rent control state-wise." In
Minnesota, it will take another
year before there's an adequate
supply of rental housing-thus
causing rentals for new units to
fall-he said.
Rothman's proposal was that the
present decontrol law be reversed
Instead of requiring the local gov
erning to prove that the rents
should be decontrolled, he proposed
that "the Housing Expediter must
decontrol unless within three mon
tbs the governing body of the
municipality affirmatively makes
based on fact that contin-
ued rent control is necessary"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
By CUSHMAN REYNOLDS

Washington (LPA) - Reports
from the delegations of unemploy-
\ ed workers testifying in Washing
ton indicate that unemployment ir
1850 is not a temporary problem
which time will soon cure. When
the stories the jobless tell are fit
ed together, it's apparent that basic
changes in the US economy may be
taking place.
Latest delegations came from
Muskegon, Mich, and Michigan's
Upper Peninsula, from Terr e
Haute, Ind, and Altoona, Pa, and
from the east coast maritime indus
try. On April 26, the stories they
told reporters reflected a combina-
ton of chronological displacement,
shifting markets, depleted re-
sources and cheap foreign competi-
tion. Earlier delegations from
Massachusetts,, Connecticut an d
Utah told similar stories.
Reporting on the situation in
hard hit Muskegon, Walter Sowles,
Assistant Regional Director of the
United Auto Workers and a men,
Der of the city commission, reveal
ed that "a percent of the city's
work force was unemployed
throughout the second half of 1949
and that another % percent was on
a short week. He said recently
there had been a pick up, but the
present squirt of employment could
last no more than a couple of
months.
Owen Whitford, a UAW member
from Iron Mountain on the Upper
Peninsula, reported that his area
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
House Beats Back
Attempts TO Cut
Labor Dept Funds

Washington UPA )-Several at.
.empts to cut funds for the Labor
Department even below the cuts
made by the House Appropriation
committee were beaten back IN g
series of close votes in the House
April 25. Also licked was an at
.empt by the committee to cut II
nalf the funds to cover local hos.
pital construction already planned
md authorized earlier by Congress
last year.
Rep. Errett P. Scrivener Or
Kans.) tried to put over 5000
cut in funds for the office of the
solicitor of the Labor Dept. The
money had been requested to i'm
prove enforcement of the wage
hour law, and to obtain quick action
on interpretations of the new 75c
and child labor provisions of the
bill enacted by Congress last fall.
The amendment first was passed
IN standing vote of ~ to rs, with
at least five Southern Democrats
,olting to the Republican side. The
vote was reversed on teller
count, 130 to 134.
Later, Rep. Frank B. Keefe OR,
Wis., with the backing of Rep
Clare Hoffman Or, Mich.) tried to
.ut the funds for the .wage-hour
division itself from 1896, 400 to
S8,000,O00. This was rejected on a
teller vote, 102 to 121.
Finally the grants for hospital
construction by local communities
we're boosted from $75,C00,0C0 to
$50, 100000 by an amendment by
Rep. Albert Gore Cd, Tenn.) Rep.
Andrew Biemiller Cd, Wis., point
ed out that 1--WE have said we need
ed 100000 hospital beds. In two
years only $4,000 beds have been
Our action in increasing
the funds from $75,00O, 900 to $780,
100000 was recognition that we
must move faster" The vote was
125 to &c.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
Oath Of Office
Administered To
Garment Workers

New York (LPA)-The unions
oath of allegiance was administer.
ed to 500 newly elected Officers
and executive board members Of
the locals of the Eastern Out-of
Town department of the Interna-
tional Ladies Garment Workers.
AFL, in a mass installation cere-
mony. The oath was administered
by David Dubinsky, ILGWU pres.
ident.
The officers represent 3767e
workers in 159 towns and villages,
in "a locals of the department. dir
ected by Vice President Harry
Wander. He pointed out the De-
partment has paid out $3,490,000 to
its members IN vacation benefits
and $1,173,000 in sickness benefits.
Dubinsky recalled that the area
had once been haven for run
away New York firms attempting
to escape union wage and working
conditions, that the New Deal era
made organization possible and
made the area predominantly union,
destroying the employer propa-
ganda that city workers. would
grab the jobs in the towns and will
ages. Dubinsky also answered the
recent attack on him by Westbrook
Pegler, pleading guilty to the
charge that he is for such meas
ures as unemployment insurance,
old age pensions, and disability in
surance.
Other speakers were Luigi Anto-
mini, Julius Hochman, Israel Fem
berg, Adolph Held and Israel Horo-
witz.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
|Anti-Communist
Union Federations
In Italy Merge

Rome (LPA) - The two chief
anti-Communist union federation:
in Italy, and part Of a third have
merged to become the Italian Con.
federation of Labor Syndicates
with an initial membership OF
about 100000. Those that merged
were the Free Italian Confedera.
ton. Of Labor, the Federation o1
Italian Labor, and part of the
Union of Autonomous Italian
Workers Federatoins.
The first is predominantly Cath.
olic-led. The second is largely So.
cialist, and the third is a group OF
non-poiitical and non-r G igiou
unions.
The new federation has the bless.
'ng and support of the worlds free
labor movement, whose leaders
have urged the merger for some
time, and has been in the making
for four years, as more and more
Italian workers realized they could
not work with the Communists and
established other federations-
Giulio Pastore, elected secretary
general of the new federation, de-
clared that strikes were indispen-
sable instruments for workers, but
that the federation would battle
those who wish to make of strikes
a weapon of political pressure"
The Communicated General Con-
federation of Labor claims 5,000,-
O00 members but observers say
that 100000 is a more accurate
figure.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
100000 Children
Of Migrants Get
Little Schooling

Atlantic City, N. j. (LPA)-The
100000 children of migrant farm
workers get little schooling, H. l.
Mitchell, president of the AFL Ma
tional Farm Labor Union, declared
at conference here on "School
Children Nobody Knows" The din
ner meeting was staged by the
National Child Labor Committee at
the National Conference of Social
Work.
The incredible poverty in the
midst of plenty in fertile agricul-
tural regions cannot be grasped by
the public unless they are given
more information, Mitchell said.
"The children are the worst suf-
ferers in this pitiful class of peo-
pie, who work intermittently for
substandard wages" he added. The
children work in the fields to sup
plement family income, their earn
ings often being the difference be-
tween survival and starvation, Nit
chell declared. Even if they do not
work in the fields, often they cam
not attend schools because they
lack clothes, or there is no trans
portation for them. Because of color
segregation, Negro and Mexican
children fare even worse.
Other speakers described school
truants as children o b dy
knows" with truancy leading to
delinquency, truants leaving school
for good because the school has
failed to help the children with
their problems before the problems
became acute.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
Truman Praises
Unions Role In
Fighting comreds

Washington (LPA)-High praise
for labor in the fight on commun-
ism was voiced by President Tru-
man in a speech before the Federal
Bar Association here April 25.
"There is no area of American
life in which the Communist party
is making headway," he said. "The
Communists have done their best
to penetrate labor unions and the
government, but they are being
successfully fought on both fronts.
Labor has been doing a splendid
job of cleaning it's house. In the
federal government, the employe
loyalty program has been an out
standing success"
Communism is not ga major
force in this country" he contin-
ued, "but we are taking no chances
on its becoming strong here. On
the one hand we are working to
create conditions in the United
States in which communism cannot
possibly thrive. On the other, we
are striking hard blows at COM
munist subversion wherever it is
found"
He pointed to the domestic pro-
grams to improve living standards,
promote equal opportunity, health,
education, security and freedom,
and called them among the strong
est and anti-communist weapons
"in our whole arsenal"
Communism, he continued, has
little appeal for people who are
healthy, well-educated, prosperous
and free. Moreover, there are few
things that will do more to prevent
the Communists from winning fol-
lowers in other lands than a dem
onstration by the United States
that democracy truly means bet
ter, freer life for everyone"
The President declared there is
not single disloyal person on the
government payrolls today and de-
Tended his decision not to open con-
fidential loyalty files because to
open the files would completely
destroy the loyalty program, since,
Turn to Page Thyes1
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
|LocoI Unnionn 124
Elects Delegates

Local Union 124 at their meeting
on May 2 elected the following
delegates to represent them at the
1850 convention which opens on
July 8 at the Hollenden Hotel in
Cleveland:
Barbara Walker, Ed. Curry, AL
Ian Rose, Walter Daniel, E. c.
Armstrong, Fred Mountford, Har-
old Williams, Wilbur Harmon,
Ethel Jones, Jean Wilson, Walter
Finley, Nancy Diehl and Norman
Whipp!er. -O.C. 124
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
LocoI 81 TO Elect
Delegates May 8

Canonsburg, PA fine turn
out was on hand for the last meet
ing of Local Union 81.
Several important matters were
before the local for consideration,
but after through discussion,
action was postponed until our
next meeting on May 8. Every
member is urged to be present on
this date.
Delegates to the convention will
be elected at this meeting as well
as those running in the primary
election for AFL delegate.
-O.C. 81
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04

concerns, financial institutions, in
the U.s."
Has there ever been in the US a
company which through its direc-
tors has ever welded such great
financial power?" Celler asked the
SEC official. "The amounts in
volved here" Cook replied, "are so
large as | think reasonably to lead
one to assume that this company is
outstanding in that regard" 1t was
at that point that Celler added, "it
leaves one almost breathless, does
it not ?"
Here are some of the corpora
tions on whose boards j. P. Morgan
Co. officers and directors sit:
Consolidated gross assets
General Motors
Corp. ........................s SO, ,957 ,769, GOT
US Steel Corp. .....,,... 1854 ,97l 1886
E. |. dupont de Mem
ours Co. .................. 1856, ,346,016
Consolidated Edison
Co. ...,............... 1,2S9, 1886, ,2O2
General Electric
Co. .......................... 1,177,391, ,546
Kennecott Copper
Corp. ..........-.-........... 515,4l9,b1o
Phelps Dodge Corp. :. 274,358,615
Morgan men sit on the boards Of
five railroads, including the At
Gibson, Topeka & Sante Fe, North
ern Pacific, and NY Central. They
are also on the boards of: Ameri-
can Airlines, American Brake Shoe
Co., American Viscose, Continental
Can, Continental Oil, DeLong Hook
and Eye, Discount Corp. Eastern
Gas & Fuel Associates, B. F. Good
(Turn TO Page Three
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
MISSING

Anyone knowing the where
abouts of Robert E. Gould
whose last address was Phoe-
nix or Tuscon, Ariz., please
forward such information to
Secretary Robert McCune, 314
Grant Street, Newell, w. Va.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
NOTICE KILNMEN

Local Union No. 9 will elect
delegates to the convention
and vote in the primary cleo
ton for delegates to the AFL
convention at the next meet
ing on May 5.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-05-04
NOTICE LOCAL UNION 1870

Election of Convention Dele
gates and Primary Election of
AFL Delegates will be held at
meeting on May IL. All MEM
bers urged to be present.
Evening star., 1950-01-23
'Musie-Q' Magazine
To Aid Symphony Drive

Music a." magazine listing
music programs on Washington
radio stations, plans to donate to
the National Symphony Orches-
ira one-third of all receipts from
new subscriptions ordered during
the symphony's fund drive, which
lasts until February 10.
Mrs. Edith Schubert, publisher,
in announcing the plan said other
Washington businesses should
help the orchestra in a similar
way.
Evening star., 1950-01-23

Europe on short notice as a
courier. with a precious packet of
films concealed on my person.
Tried to Convert Sympathizers.
Above all, I was expected, as
an American citizen with wide ac-
quaintance in so-called liberal
circles in New York and Wash
ington, to convert Soviet sympa-
thizers into active underground
collaborators. "Cultivating" or
developing" contact was the
expression we used in official re-
ports to describe this process.
Except for my immediate su-
periors-always Russians under
code nameS-I was not allowed to
know many members. of my ring.
Decentralization is the first and
Evening star., 1950-01-23

purge proceedings in Moscow.
when our lives seemed to hang
by a thread, seems a miracle. My
work embroiled me with such
dramatic figures in the world
wide Red conspiracy as Ignace
Reiss. DR.. Richard Sorge, Valen-
tine Markin, Walter Krivitsky, j.
Peters. Helen and Peter Zubilin.
Spy Routine Was Chore.
What I want chiefly to convey
to the American people, however,
is the reality of how espionage
operates on the practical every
day level. The life of a spy is not
all cloak-and-dagger excitement.
My own experiences were made
up largely of day-to-day chores
that called for more patience
Evening star., 1950-01-23

than courage, more plain cunning
than high strategy.
Chores like setting up some
agent in a bogus business" as
cover for his real business. Or
manufacturing fake American
passports for our operatives
abroad. Or Turing some sex
starved female into turning her
apartment into a microf1lming
studio for a handsome foreigner.
I shadowed a New York news
paper columnist whose loyalty"
to Moscow was being checked by
the GPU. Repeatedly I arranged
mail drops" for members of our
apparatus, whose identity I some
times did not even know. Per-
haps a dozen times I rushed to
Evening star., 1950-01-23

strictest law of espionage work
AS a cog in a big machine, ]
could not always understand fully
how my assignments fitted into
the larger schemes.
But I must begin at the begin
ming, with my personal back
ground and how I was drawn into
the fantastic labyrinths of the
Communist underworld-by my
heartstrings, through the love of
young man named Gerhart
Eisler.
ITO be continued in tomor-
ro1D's StGr.J
North American Newspaper Alliance)
The boundaries of United States
public lands are based on star
observations.
Evening star., 1950-01-23

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