davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-11-21
always been directly affected by

always been directly affected by
expansion of Federal activities
Far more than in an ordinary
city, future growth will be af-
fected by unpredictable events
international developments, ma
tional economic shifts. changes in
Government policy.
Best judgment available to the
Commission, based on expected
employment trends, forecasts a
1880 population for the Washing
ton metropolitan region of 2 mil
lion. The District of Columbia it.
self should level of at about / mil
lion for this is as large a number
as the District can provide for In
the land area available. at density
standards that will assure good
living conditions. It is also as
much growth as can be absorbed
without drastically changing the
character Of many parts Of the
community, and requiring vast
public expenditures to increase
the capacity Of schools. water and
sewer lines. and other community
services and utilities.
This expected growth for the
region as a whole will require vast
new city, building. There must be
homes for 100000 more people
about one new dwelling for every
Evening star., 1950-11-21
The Plan as q Guide

There is here presented for the
National Capital a comprehensive
plan-a consistent vision to CO.
ordinate and guide all that can be
done to realize the aims just out
lined, revising and bringing up to
date earlier plans for the future.
It covers not only the District of
Columbia, but also the Metropoli-
tan Area as a whole.
= There have been many plans for
Washington since L'Enfant's noble
concept of 1871. Most of these
later plans have dealt separately
with unrelated elements, begin
. ming with the highway plan OF
1898, followed by the park plan
/: of 1901, the coming plan Of 1920
a new park plan in 1924, and q
transportation plan in 1914. Not
until the present National Capital
Park and Planning Commission
Evening star., 1950-11-21

whose jobs he creates by being a
new customer.
Average family-unit size tends
to be smaller than in other cities
A larger proportion of the total
population is employed-47 per
cent in the District, as against an
average Of 81 per cent in the II
largest American cities. This has
its effect on housing needs and on
buying habits and requirements.
It does not mean that all new
housing should be built to fit the
average family, since many are
larger and many smaller.
The present pattern Of job loca-
tions is highly concentrated. In
1947. "a per cent of all jobs were
inside the District, 8 per cent in
Virginia, and Z per cent in Mary
land. This means that. while
practically all those living In the
District work there too, most of
those living in Maryland and Vir-
ginia must travel considerable dis
tances to jobs in the District.
This lack Of balance and ex-
cessive distances between home
and work is a tremendous force
for traffic congestion, overlooking
transit facilities, and requiring
great expense for new bridges and
superhighways. There should be
a definite policy to locate as many
as possible of the required new
employment places away from the
center, and actually to remove
most Of the existing temporary
workplaces. Since the Federal
Government itself is the major
employer. it holds the key to the
solution Of this problem.
The planning commissions con-
clusions with respect to the loca-
ton of Federal employees in the
executive establishment Of the
Government are that
(d) The number of employees
west Of the Capitol should not ex-
ceed present levels of about 14o.-
900.
10 Temporary structures should
be removed and leased space in
the business district reduced.
(c) Any replacement by perma-
nent structures for functions JUS
tifying central locations should
be on approved sites essential to
complete plan commitments, such
as selected sites along East Cap
ito1 street.
I'd Whenever consistent with
the efficient functioning of an
agency or activity. it should be
located or relocated outside in one
of three general zones: Outlying
parts Of the District Of Columbia.
such as the vicinity of the planned
intermediate ring road; the edge
of present urban development, 10
TO is miles from the White House;
1T distances of so miles, more or
less, for industrial. experimental,
or confidential activities.
fe) Each proper Federal au-l
Evening star., 1950-11-21

as directed in several acts o1
Congress. The plan does not have
the force Of law. however. II
makes recommendations and pro.
posals in many fields, over a large
area. The responsibility for &C.
ton still rests on governmental
agencies that have authority over
some part or activity which to-
gether make up the metropolitan
community.
In the end. accepting and build
ing this plan is up to the people
OF the area and to Congress.
Theirs is the final authority, and
also the immediate responsibility
The plan is not just a vision for
the distant future. It is the basis
for a program, schedule of ac-
ton, starting now. Action on the
plan must be continuing, from
this year forward, if its objectives
are to be realized within the next
30-year period.
Evening star., 1950-11-21

thority. when a new activity, ar
expansion. or a move is expected
should decide its proper placement
in collaboration with and with the
approval Of the planning com.
mission.
IL AS q general policy, basic
employment centers should be dis.
tributed throughout the metro.
|politan area in balance with exist
ing and potential residential areas
and transport facilities. The CEN
ters should be in line not only
with standards Of public economy
public efficiency. and private con-
venience, but also with present.
day principles Of national de-
fense.
The comprehensive plan is based
on the assumption that these
policies on location Of Federal en-
ployment will be followed. The
soundness Of the rest Of the plan
depends on this new balance Of
work places.
Evening star., 1950-11-21
Jobs and the Plan

In the Washington area, the
Federal Government is by far the
biggest employer, with a third of
all employees. This corresponds to
the proportion Of employees in
manufacturing industries in other
cities. Taking the place of indus
try in other cities, Government
employment makes up 80 percent
Of all basic jobs Qeaving out serv-
ice jobs like retail trade, transpor-
tation, laundry work, and other
occupations that could not exist
without the people in basic jobs as
customers) Since the region is
unique in its lack Of large-scale
manufacturing. its economy is
almost wholly dependent on Gov
ernment activity. Each added
Federal employe means 5 to 7
additional people in the metro
politan region-his family, and
the family Of the service workers
Evening star., 1950-11-21

was formed in 1926 was the basi
laid for a comprehensive approach
to planning. It was in 1880 tina
the new commission was able tt
develop and present, in outline
the basic elements of a compre.
hensive regional plan.
Though the sights of the COM
mission then were raised high, the
events that followed expansion Of
Federal activities in 1888 soor
showed that the task of planning
the National Capital must be not
only a continuing one but one re-
quiring still higher sights. In
the Is years spanning the prewar
wartime, and postwar periods tc
the present, all the principal fea-
lures of the 1880 plans have been
either realized, partly realized
modified or made impossible OF
realization. Besides outgrowine
the earlier plans. new needs have
developed that call for planning
on a scale and scope that could
not have been foreseen in the early
thirties. To these needs the Com
mission has directed its energies.
The comprehensive plan covers
all basic elements that, added to-
gether, determine what kind OF
community this, shall be: The use
of land, Government establish
ments; transportation, housing
and slum clearance, population
distribution and density, and COM
munity services. The plan in
cludes recommendations on major
tools that can be used to build
toward reality: Zoning, subdivision
control, urban redevelopment, and
programs Of public land purchase
and construction.
Such a plan is not just a series
OF projects that can be listed. The
heart of the concept is to tie many
different kinds of special-pl1rpose
plans together, so that roads fit
with residential areas. centerS of
employment with transit facilities,
school service boundaries with
traffic barriers, so that all parts
flt into their places without con-
flict, to promote order, conven-
ience. economy and INABILITY. It's
main features are shown on the
fold maps inside the back cover
and in the pages that follow.
The plan is not a blueprint, but
a general design. Such q guide
is an essential first step, to be fol-
lowed Immediately by number
OF more specific plans. It must be
reviewed periodically, to adjust its
sights to new times and conditions.
Although it must be firm enough
to serve as guide on which
people can rely, it must not be a
permanent strait jacket.
General as they are, the things
the plan proposes are practical,
They are based on years of study
OF the needs of the community
Many agencies, many experts have
contributed their thought.
The plan has been formally
adopted by the National Capital
Park and Planning Commission,
Evening star., 1950-11-21
People and Their Work

People set the scale Of the
comprehensive plan. The Ma
tional Capital belongs to the
whole country. But Washington is
a city. and like any other II
must meet the needs Of the peo-
pie who live and work here. Basic
to the planning Of Washington's
future is an estimate of the
number Of people for whom to
provide.
The planning problems of to-
day are the direct result OF
rapid. unexpected population
growth in the past. After World
War I. new growth extended the
National Capital into Mary
land and Virginia. Since 1920,
and especially since World War
II. the metropolitan region out
side the District has grown faster
than the District itself. This trend
viii surely continue, because so
little vacant land remains in the
District, and because Federal
activities must increasingly be
located outward.
In mid-194S. metropolitan
Washington had 1,4oo.0 900 people
$50, 900 inside the District and
$4,000 outside. This was growth
of 435,000 since 1940-200, 900 IA
30-percent increase) inside the
District and 235, 900 "a 77-percent
increase outside, for an average re-
gional increase of As percent. In
other words, by 1948 almost two
fifths of the population in the
metropolitan area were living out
side the District. Even with the
rapid growth in nearby Maryland
and Virginia, there has been nc
loss Of population in the center
People have continued to fill UP
old and congested parts Of Wash
ington. in spite of bad conditions
The city's growth in numbers
has been due far more to people
moving into the region, as en-
ployment opened up, than te
natural increase. Past growth has
Evening star., 1950-11-21

two that exist today. In the
suburbs. land area occupied by
residences will probably be twice
what it is now. New suburban
business centers, schools, play
grounds, and other community
services will be needed through
out the region.
Evening star., 1950-11-21
Continued From First Page. }

NSO11U4l40So O414 i IL SG Z -
. build for future needs over the
next 80 years.
These Are the Aims of the
Comprehensive Plan:
/. To develop a National Capt.
tai that will be loved and honored
for it's eminence among cities
an inspiring symbol, to citizen
and visitor, of the dignity and
vigor of American democratic
Government.
2. To preserve the best of the
past in city building and expert
ence. joined with leadership in
new, sound ways of development.
3. To set the framework for eff
ficient. economical conduct of the
work of the Federal Government.
4. To further the general well
, fare Of the 2 million people
who will be living in the metro
. politan community 80 years hence.
S. To create satisfying and
healthful living conditions through
+ the best possible arrangement of
uses of land.
: 6. To encourage stable, at
tractive and profitable central
business area.
z. To maintain and restore
INABILITY and attractiveness to
central. in-town areas; clearing
and rebuilding slum areas, and
eliminating land overcrowding.
8. To achieve orderly develop
ment in outlying sections where
the land is still vacant.
9. To move people and goods
in and out of the metropolitan
region, and from place to place
within 1t, quickly, safely and
economically.
10. To serve the daily needs of
the people for parks, active play
areas. schools and other COM
munity facilities for health. safety
and convenience.
II. To conserve natural re-
sources for use and enjoyment on
the one hand, by utilization well
adapted to potentialities; and on
the other, by preservation of ele-
ments in an unspoiled state.
These Are Basic Factors in
Developing and Carrying
Out the Plan:
/. Recognition of Washington's
unity with the surrounding area.
2. Need for cooperative attack
upon interdependent metropolitan
problems by independent local and
State governments, the District
Government, and Congress.
3. Danger of further over
concentration of Federal employ
ment centers, in terms of traffic
congestion and security; need for
sound physical growth; wider dis
tribution of administrative estab-
lishments in the central area; and
for locating other functions
farther out.
4. Danger of further spread of
drab, unorganized urban sprawl,
detrimental to social and eco
nomic values as well as to beauty
and convenience; need for land
planning aimed at orderly physical
development. l.
5. Justice of fair sharing in the
costs of development by the Fed
eral Government, In view of its
predominance in the economic
base of the Capital area. Ii
6. Elimination of. arbitrary divi- Ia
sions in neighborhood com-tt
nunities based on racial, national t
Or religious distinctions. #
, 1950-03-29

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Ale Murksf 81.
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, 1950-03-29
NOTICE

Savings Bank Book No. F ZIG
having been reported lost or
stolen, the holder thereof is
hereby requested to present it
to the Bank within twelve
~ weeks from this date as
otherwise, the Book viii be
cancelled and a new one issu-
ed in its place at the expira-
ton Of this period.
Virgin Islands Natl Bank
Christiansted Branch
February is. 1850
, 1950-03-29
March. 4. 1850 !. R. |. !ottIey. pub.
TOURIST BUSINESS

financial situation was caused by the flop of the tourist boom
has been promptly denied by Tourist officials. In a cable to
that magazine, they indicated that the tourist trade was do
ing pretty well and that moreover unemployment in the is
lands was 50 low that it would put many states on the main
, 1950-03-29

lands was so low that il woulc
land to envy.
Indeed, the budget under
which the municipality is
operating did not contemplate
the receipt Of revenue directly
from the tourist business. But
when the budget was framed
its architects were told and
were convinced that the influx
of tourists would so stimulate
local business that the reve-
nue. intake from most sources
would exceed the receipt OF
the previous fiscal year. More
cruise ships have visited st.
Thomas this season than IN
many previous years, and sew
eral hotels report much acti-
witty. But the funds are not
flowing into the local treasury
at the predicted rate. Many
businessmen who cater to the
trade admit that although
there are more cruise ships
and more tourists, that they
are not spending much money,
at least not in St. Thomas.
Eventually, perhaps the tour
ist trade will expand to the
point where it will form the
major prop Of the municipal
tvs financial structure. But it
should always be borne in
mind that the tourist trade is
not stable, but is subject to
violent fluctuations from year
to year, depending on factors
over which we exercise little
or no control. We should be
careful, therefore, about max
ing exaggerated claims and
predictions and relying upon
them in the vital task of operat
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1950-12-01
GYPSUM

Mr.. and Mrs. Herman Bahnsen
left Wednesday of last week to
spend the Thanksgiving holidays
with Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Koer-
ner and children in Rochester,
New York.
Mr.. and Mrs. ]. H. Gulau en-.
tertained with Thanksgiving din.
ner for Mr. and Mrs. Edward
ReifSchneider and son, Ned, of
Port Clinton, and Mr.. and Mrs
Robert Mitchell, of Port Clinton
and Mr. and Mrs. w. E. Reif
schneider, of Chicago.
Mrs. Spencer Sweeney spent
Thanksgiving Day with Spencer
Sweeney and Mr.. Sweeney'S mo,
ther in Toledo on last week
Thursday.
Miss Dorothea Jensen returned
Monday to Toledo to resume her
teaching duties in the Toledo
school.
Portage Twp. school did not
open until Tuesday because of the
severe snow which caused incon
venient travelling facilities.
Miss Marlene Sibrei, Bowling
Green State University, spent the
Thanksgiving holiday and week
end with her parents and her sis
ters, Pamela and Georgia.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1950-12-01
CATAWBA

Local Boy Scout troop No. 327
will sponsor a paper drive Satur-
day, Dec. 2. The boys will ap-
preciate any contribution of paper.
Mrs. Elizabeth ArmbruSter is
spending several days with her
daughter, Mrs. John Boiling in
Danbury. Mrs. Eda Bowers is Wis
iting her daughter and family i'll
Sandusky.
Mr.. and Mrs. Morris LAGER and
family motored to Nevada, Ohio,
for the Thanksgiving weekend.
Miss Sally Miner, their daughter,
who has been confined to her home
for the past three weeks with rheu-
matte fever, will remain for an in
definite stay with her maternal
grandmother.
Among those who entertained
at family Thanksgiving diner were
Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Ingram, who
had with them Mrs. F. Brindley,
of Oak Harbor,. Mr.. and Mrs. Fred
Brindley, their daughters and two
friends of Port Clinton. Others
who opened their hornes to family
groups were: Mr.. and Mrs. Melvin
Ballard, Mr.. and Mrs. Kenneth Pet
ersen, Mr.. and Mrs. D. C. Shores,
Mr.. and Mrs. Richard Petersen.
Mrs. George Zimmerman, Mr.. and
Mrs. Arthur Zimmerman, Mr.. and
! Mrs. J. H. Stull and Mr.. and Mrs.
]. c. West.
Mrs. Clarence Brown has re-
turned from a visit with Detroit
relatives.
A Safety in the Home meeting
will be held Thursday evening,
Dec Z in the home of Mrs. Flea
nor Boss, who will conduct the
demonstration. Mrs. Boss and
Mrs. Edward Ludwig attended the
Leaders Training Class in Oak
Harbor October 81. All women
Of the community are invited to
attend and bring a Safety Gadget
they have found effective. Prizes
will be awarded the most unusual
and original. The meeting is be-
ing arranged by the local Home
Councillors, Mrs. A. H. Rofkar and
Mrs. E. F. Later.
Richard Later returned to Mich
isan State University at East Ian.
sing Sunday after the Thanksgiv-
ing recess. Franklin Rofkar, a
student at Antioch University at
Yellow Springs and Jane Miessner
of Baldwin-Wallace at Berea also
spent the recess at their homes.
Catawba Island was particularly
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1950-12-01

feet of air per minute per bird
of light breeds of chickens. The
heavy breeds need two and two
thirds cubic feet of air per bird
moved every minute.
Closing up the house too much
traps moist air. Wet floods and
dripping walls will result even
though deep litter is on the floor,
Meyer says.
Poultry housing bulletin 303,
available at county extension of
fees, gives information on fan
installation. Meyer says he and
other extension poultrymen will
be glad to answer questions ad.
dressed to: Extension Poultrymen,
Poultry Building, Ohio State Uni
verSity, Columbus.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1950-12-01

Thanksgiving with Mrs. Arthur
Wohler's mother in Wyandot,
Michigan.
Mr.. and Mrs. Edwin Bredehoft
attended a three-day Farmers
Union Convention at Gibsonburg
this week.
Mrs. Will Bauman and sister,
Mrs. Ernest Mayell, spent Friday
in Cleveland.
Dick Riedmaier and Wesley
Bauman have enlisted in the Air
Force and await assignments.
Mrs. Matilda Gulau will spend
the winter months with her
daughter and husband, Mr.. and
Mrs. j. 7. Kihlken.
Miss Alice Kirk, who attended
a Fellowship meeting in Akron
Saturday, was unable to return
home for several days, as she and
her companions, too, were held
up by the storm.
Because of the inclemency OF
the weather, the potluck supper
and thankoffering service that was
to be held at the Lutheran
church basement was postponed
The thankoffering service will be
held at the regular social meeting
of the Ladies' Aid on Dec. Z.
Here's hoping the storms will
be over so everyone can enjoy the
bazaar and supper to be given by
the Ladies Aid on Monday, Dec. 4
Mrs. Bertha Hallier was the
honor guest at miscellaneous
shower given by the members OF
the Daughters of st. Paul at the
home of Mrs. Elmer Meter on Fri
day evening, Nov. II. A pleasant
evening was enjoyed playing pi
nochle. After a delightful lunch
the bride-to-be opened her many
lovely gifts. A beautiful table
lamp was presented to her by the
club.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1950-12-01
Mutual Fire Aid
Pacts Prepared

City Solicitor John Reinheimer
at council meeting Tuesday night,
was authorized to prepare mutual
aid contracts with fire departments
of neighboring villages and cities,
so that Port Clinton's fire depart
ment personnel and equipment
could be protected when called
to the other communities.
Such action was recommended
by Fire Chief Walter Miller and
State Fire Marshal Harry J. Cal
Ian.
Oak Harbor. Marblehead, Lake
side and Sandusky will be among
the communities which will be
asked to sign the mutual aid con.
tracts. While our department is
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1950-12-01

fortunate during the recent storm.
Aside from snow blocked drive
ways and hazardous driving on the
main roads there was little incon-
venience. Telephone and electric
power service was not interrupted.
Mrs. Gordon Rathbun entertain
ed group of her club members
from Clyde, recently. The hostess
gave very clever demonstration
on the making of Christmas Novel
ties and favorS as her contribution
to the years program.
Steve DorSki of Port Clinton
spent the holiday weekend in the
]. c. West home.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1950-12-01

never called unless big fires are
underway in the neigbboring CON-
munities, such action is protec-
tion for everyone.
Catawba, Erie, Bay and Portage
Townships need not sign the mu-
tual aid agreements, as they are
already covered by existing con-
tracts with the local fire depart
ment.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1950-12-01
Hens Need Low
Humidity Houses

Chickens don't need air-tight
houses for winter comfort any
more than a man in red flannelS
and overcoat needs a steam bath.
Chickens are we'll protected with
at coat of feathers, d. ID. Meyer,
extension poultryman at Ohio
State University, points out. I'VE
certainly don't need to go to the
extreme in providing high tenn
perature conditions in the laying
house during the winter" he says,
He believes the average poultry
house is closed up too much
especially when the first cool
weather approaches.
Keep windows open in small,
uninSulated house, the poultry
specialist advises. On mild days,
wide open is not too far and in
very cold weather windows should
be open enought to permit free
movement of air-even at night.
One way to improve ventilation
in poultry houses is to inSulate
them. If ceiling and side walls
are insulated, Meyer says there
should be a difference between
temperatures outside and inside
houses. Higher temperature of
moving air inside houses will in.
crease its moisture carrying ca.
pacity.
Another way of improving ven
tilation is to use a properly-in.
stalled exhaust fan. The poultry
specialist says properly-in.
stalled fan will move two cubic