davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1950-03-15
Irrigation Department
Alfalfa Deserves
Best Irrigation
By III. L. DUSENBERRY

gated crops in Montana is alfalfa.
1t not only forms a basic part of
the dairy cows ration but is excel
lent feed for beef cattle, sheep, hogs
and even poultry. 1t is grown in all
parts of the state and on both irri-
gated and dry land.
Alfalfa seed is an excellent cash
crop in some areas of the state. In
like some of the other crops grown,
it is considered a soil conserver.
Being legume it makes its own
nitrogen and when turned under as
a green manure crop will add humus
to the soil.
With these facts in mind we should
take care of alfalfa as we would a
fine pure-bred animal. This story
deals with one very important item
in the care of alfalfa-that of pro-
viding water. Since alfalfa is grown
Under wide range of conditions,
we will discuss it's irrigation under
several headings.
Flood Irrigation
east of the divide, flood irrigation
and alfalfa have become a mutually
beneficial partnership. The alfalfa
will often justify the construction of
a flood irrigation project, and the
flooding enables the alfalfa to yield
a good return. Where this type of
irrigation is practiced the method of
flooding should either be by con-
tour bitches for the sleeper slopes
or by contour bikes on flatter land.
The ends of the bikes should be
left open or control gates installed
in the bikes to allow the water to
drain away as soon as sufficient
penetration of water has been ac-
complished. Alfalfa will stand rath-
er heavy flooding in the early spring,
stand on it for period of several
days. One good soaking from flood
water in the spring on most soils
will assure good crop of hay or a
seed crop.
If the crop is to be grown for
seed, the first crop should be clipped
early Cby June 10 usually to allow
more time for the development of
the seed crop and to get the most
benefit from moisture stored in the
soil. Flooding is adapted to lands
that have limited water supply
available only during periods of
heavy run-off
Surface Irrigation
When we have water for crops at
least most of the growing season and
spread it by more elaborate system
of bikes or field bitches in more
carefully controlled manner, we
shall call it surface irrigation te
distinguish it from sprinkler irriga
ton and flood irrigation.
Under this method we irrigats
when the crop needs water, rather
than when we have the water to ir
rigate with. In most areas the
forage crops are the first to be irri
gated in the spring. They star
growing as soon as the weather ant
soil warm up, if moisture is avail
able. It is not advisable to irrigat,
alfalfa before the soil has warmed
up. If the soil does not carry 10
of moisture, irrigation of alfalf;
. should start just as soon as goo,
growing conditions occur.
The alfalfa plant will reach dow
or feet to moisture and there
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1950-12-15
LIFE AT A GLANCE

Who was IL that said that East
and West would never meet z Well
such notion il II was ever real
ly believed is all wished up nov.
for the very East that the West
ern World sneered upon second.
rily IS here sitting among the
leaders Of the same western world
who could never quite come to
recognizing it as gentlemen on u
par with them.
Yes a strange quirk Of incidents
and power brought the East and
West togethcr--and East is, and
must be recognized as not
the little red men the West look
I'd on az underdogs living life
on rice alone, but men capable
Of thinking and making war. Men
whom the West had long under
estimated, only to face sad con.
sequence.
During the last six years. this
column has frequently warned
that unless steps were taken W
insure a better relationship OF
brotherhood among the whites Of
thewest and the yellow and dark
ranan nf the Eaas No oua eotlid
forsee the ultimate calamity.
Lest anyone be disillusioned
this war between the UN and chs
Asiatics is not a fight between
dictatorship and democracy. IL il
do or die clash between thu
Whites Of the West and the col
ored people Of the East, and some
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1950-12-15
Wanted
A Buyer for Stove. "A
good as New, Bed,
Baby Bed. Wagon.
POP Ellis Ave.
Phone 2617

Marshall. Texas -- A case in
volving straight violation Of a
local motion picture censorship
Fulallon is now N the Texas
catts. which may be the means
eventually Of testing the eonst.
ia; onalty Of All film censorship
b ards The defendsnt, W L Gel
ling, If Marshall. played "Prnky'
despite d,sapprosAl by hastily
organised censorship hoard, The
local magistrate fined him 800
then the county cr,mina. court.
which sustained the decision.
raised the fine to $500 The case
IS how before the Criminal Ap.
pcals Court Of Texas, and should
the ruling again be upheld. an
appeal to the L. $. Supreme Court
will be- taken.
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1950-12-15

According 70 the announcement
made BY II, Carl Aoultr'e. Ma
tlonal Executive Secretary. Wash
lngton. D. c., the First District
Of the Omega Psi Phi Fraternity,
host TO the Grand Conclaye Dec.
n thru 30th in Bost, is awaiting
the date. Registration and cert
ficatipn of lsittites will begin
December e.ts Tie New England
Mutual Hail il the ConcIave
headquarters,
Thursday, Dae. 2eth, the Public
Meeting will ne held ut Union
Church. The famous Mu Chapter
Glee club Of Philadelphia will
furnish the music.
The Founders Banquet will be
Reid Dec. 2stb in the Grand Ball
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1950-12-15

The theme If the meeting vii
bee ccntered around the topic,
Strengthening and Safeguarding
the Human Rights Of All Amer
cans" More than one thousand
Omegas will eonyere> on Boston
for the Conelave.
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1950-12-15


Chicago. Ill. Negro leadership
suffers from fear. jealousy. in.
competence and sslfishness, says
benjamin II. Mays president Of
Morehouse College and religious
leader and educator. IN pro-
vocative fticle In the current is
sue OF Negro Digest.
Pointing out that human nature
Is the same the world over. Or.
Mays emphasizes that what is
wrong with Negro leaders is
wrong tn the leaders of the othre
socaIled racial groupa
He goes however. 10 cite that
fear seems to handicap many
Negro leaders particularly fear
that they will be well thought of
by their white friends and by
hite people IN general. This makes
them cautious and the sad thing
ia that this fear Is imaginary and
has no basis IN fact. II has been
demonstrated again and again
that leadership can be both eour-
ageous and sane. II can take high
ground when principle II nj
stake and lose no prestige, but,
rather gain prestige.
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1950-12-15

Largest hslieoptsr ever 10 DO
built snd capable Of carrying the
higesss load and with the Longest
range ever achieved By . rotary
wing aircraft 10 currently being de-
veiepsd by the pisssski Helisos,ssr
corporation. Morten. Pa, states
ne United States air force.
Designated tho xH-ie by the
usAF. the huge transport hsli-
eoptsr fellows the tandsnrcsor
ecansurstion rionssrsd by piaseekt
and already proven 30 successful
IN the ssn-piacs "Rsseuer'' tan.
dam.rotared hslieopssr now In pro
auction for the navy. marines and
coast guard
In fact. the huge xH.id hes Q
smaller prototype In the xHJr-i.
al sl-mstai twlnretor hsiicoptsr
which Piasscki has developed ard
built for the navy and which hiss
made number Of successful
lights. The air forces xH.iS 10
. 'tually an enlargement Of the
xHJP.i In general dimensions and
streamllnsd appearances.
To give an idea Of The trsmsnd.
csis size Of the USAF's new dsvei.
opmsnt. the xHri6s ail.mstai
aerodynamicaiiy clean fsisslags
will compare In general shape anA
dimensions 10 the body Of The
familiar four engine Douglas c-ss
siriinsr.
Marking . radical innovation IN
rotary wing aircraft. tbs kilt
features the uss Of . large. quickly
detachable capsule which just
about doubles the psyload al Iris
Wvek- snd trailer" of ths cir.
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1950-12-15
Watches Diamonds
Jewelry
Fine Watch Repairing


nkAiH ~ A WAY OF LIFE
Unpopular minortles must 70
aliHe the growing darger Of laws
tn encourage the prevention of
life by m.ans Of birth control.
abortion, asa sterilization Of tho
..unflt Who is TO determine Who
Ia unfit Such laws have ALREADY
been rassed under American oc-
cunatlon IN Japan and also in
several Southern states.
broader suppression Of life is
planned Margaret Sanger he
heses that only people who can
pass the standards of adoption
agencies should have children.
Tbs ae standards new leaves hun
drsda If children lonely In inst
tutions while couples ANXIOUS for
children are unable to adopt them.
4 RaYefnmt nt bureau announces
that there Ia hope Of birth pre-.
scntiunp device which II cheap
enough Tor the poor Lesaliring
euthanasia Ia recommended by
some doctors to kali those inear
ably H.
Theao unnatural Interference
with the right 20 life are opposed
by the Catholic church just IA
phe opposed the pagan practices
of ancient Rome and Hitier's RAJ
cat killings. Human life IL sacrcd.
A the raalmist says. Prem my
mothers womb Thou art my pro.
teetor." We must fight for our
lives and those Of our children by
opposing laws which deny us the
right 10 life.
EBONY. in reporting how
Wight organised the production
venture ia pari, where he now
lives, filmed part OF II IN Chicago
South Side bat most of IL IN
Bu4nos Ares. Argentina, pre-.
diets that the movie version of
Native son. due TO hit this country
IN the spring, viii probably be
banned by many censor boards
IN this country because of it's no
punches pulled handling of the
race problem. This grim. grisly
Atory OF slum shocked Negro
youth Who murders two women,
one white and one Negro. When
cornrfed by the blunt cruelties
of racial hate is no doubt the most
frank Negro movie yet made,
says EBONY. "Doubtieasly. it
will draw the ire Of both Negroes
and whites, no nevertheless, can
not fail To be moved by Wrigts
walloping prose caught with re-
markabie fidelity in film
Financial hacker for the film
As Attic Mentasti, owner Of Ar.
gcntina Sono Films, the French
difestor, Pierre Chenal. directed
the picture, and the cast N made
W OF actors who are. like Wright
amateurs. Three languages are
used English, French and Spanish
Wright in describing the film
ing OF shots made Chieago's
slum ridden South Side, where
..e wrote his book 10 years ago,
Jays Conditions there today are
worse than they were 10 years
ago. We looked for abandoned
tenements, but there aren't any.
they are full Of people and the
tension has grown" Wright now
ives quietly with his wife and
two children in Paris. Where
ant to 1--we until die. 1t is the
most human Of cities in a world
Dent upon destroying humanity"
thing must be done. and done
quick 10 stop il from spreading
To Africa and India.
Let US hope that the white men
of the West will cease underes.
timating the ability Of all men
except white men. for il is only
then, and not until then, will
they be able to cope with the
resent far Eastern situation.
Race wars result only from snub-
ness and superiority.
Valdez news., 1950-06-23

all of the war years.
 From it's modest beginning of 10 years ago, the firm has grown to it's present position of fore most trucking concern in Alaska. It has a monthly payroll of ap- proximately $40,000 and employees 75 men. Trucking operations still are devoted to Army needs, principally. The line holds con- tract for delivery of materials to Fort Richardson and Ladd Field, for redistribution to all other bases in Alaska.
 It was due to the efforts of MT. Ghezzi of Alaska Freight that the Richardson Highway was open on a year-round basis this year. Normally Valdez at the southern end of the road is cut off from the Interior through the winter months, when snow seals Thomp- sons Pass at the summit.
 Alaska Freight Lines agreed to maintain the, summit portion of the highway, if the Alaska Road Commission would maintain the other part of the road More than $200,000 worth of snow removal and road maintenance equipment was purchased for the winter op- eration, and the road was open for full 12 months, for the first time in the history of the high way.
 The longest period it remained closed, at any one time, was four days, when snoWstorms peppered down on the high mountain slopes. Removal equipment does not operate when it snows.
 Although this winters test pe- riod never met the severest con- ditions possible on the highway. since there was not a great deal of snow, MT. Persinger said the company felt the trial had proved
Valdez news., 1950-06-23
Alaska Freight Gets Mail Contract
 For Interior; To Haul Through Valdez

Alaska Freight Lines, Inc, will begin hauling United States mail from Seattle through Valdez on July l, agent Arnold Persinger announced this week. The line has been granted one-year con- tract, with the possibility of fur ther extensions at the end of the year.
 The mail will come north by an Alaska Freight Lines barge and will be trucked from Valdez to Anchorage, Fairbanks and Haines. All classes of mail will be carried. Outgoing mail from these points also will be routed through Val deZ. One barge a week will be scheduled, at present.
 MT. Persinger said 26 trucks will be engaged in the mail haul. The company will carry a blanket The company will carry blank mail.
 This is not Alaska Freight's first experience in hauling mail. The line formerly held an 18-months contract for mail, which was trucked over the Alaska HighW ay. The contract had to be cancelled, when the highway regulations of Alberta Province refused to allow the heavy trucks to pass over the roads there.
 Fairbanks postmistress Maud Boyle hailed the announcement of Alaska Freight's new contract. They surely gave us wonderful service before," she stated.
 Alaska Freight Lines, which is headed by Alfred Ghezzi, has been pioneering in the Alaskan trucking industry since 194O, when the territory's road system was very sketchy. The company began operations, as a small firm, in the summer of 1940. It hauled Army materials primarily, during
Valdez news., 1950-06-23

that the highway can be main tained satisfactorily on a year round basis.
 Tt is hoped the ARC will con- tinue to keep it open on a year round basis" he continued. Tt added a great deal to the economy of the highway area-both from the point of view, of roadside inn keepers and Alaskans, generally. It made it possible for the small roadhouses along the Trail to build up a business on a year round basis, and this in turn made it possible for them to charge lower prices and reduced rates to all highway travellers"
 Alaska Freight Lines has been operating out of Valdez for the past several years. This winter approximately p trucks made the run between Valdez, Anchor age and Fairbanks. At the peak of the winters operations, trucks made several round trips a week. / This operation makes a simple business of carload lot shipments. Loaded vans are hauled aboard Alaska Freight Lines ships and barges at Tacoma, Wash. The vans are sealed at the time of loading and are not opened until they reach the point of consign- ment, thus eliminating pilfering. When the ship reaches Valdez, vans are loaded off the ships, at tached to the trucks and dis patched to their destinations in a very short time.
 All of the asphalt for the ter ritory's highway and airport proj- ects was trucked through Valdez in this manner, last summer.
 The average ton cost of freight hauled from Valdez to Fairbanks is $40.
Valdez news., 1950-06-23
Lady Homesteaders Find Life Can Be
 Different on Fox River

It's a far cry from punching typewriter keys for a living to felling trees in the Kenai back country, but there's certainly va riety in the exchange, two Wom- en homesteaders in the Fox river country say. The pair, Mrs. Ethel Kavanaugh and her daughter, Dorothy, left the easy, carefree life of a Fort Richardson office desk for the rugged existence of aShomesteader in some of the Kenai's ruggedest country.
 Now the elder Mrs. Kavanaugh is augmenting homesteader's in come with a book about the ex- periences of herself and her daughter. Those experiences in- cluded 35-mile pack from Ho- mer to the site of their new home, grueling six miles of slash ing road into their new land, and summer work in canneries to pro- vide the necessities of winter liv- inng.
 During the several years the Kavanaughs have lived in the Fox river country, A Would-be neighbors have staked out home steads in the surrounding area. To Ehe last man, all have returned to an easier, more civilized exist ence. Only the Kavanaughs re- main.
Valdez news., 1950-06-23
WORK RUNNING ON VALDEZ HOMES

The summer construction sea- son has hit full stride in Valdez during the past week.
 Local residents are planning new homes, additions to their homes, extension of their business quarters and construction of rental houses, for the work weeks just ahead.
 The Gilson fanily's planned four new houses were begun on Thursday or this week. The houses are being built under Fed eral Housing Administration fi- nancing.
 The Dale McClintics are also new builders in Valdez, as are Earl Stone. the William Blakes- leys, the Larry Pages and the Don Johnsons.
 Work is now nearing comple- tion on the planned improvements at the Golden North Annex, man aged by MT. and Mrs. Slim" Lancaster. MT. Lancaster is put ting a new foundation under the hotel, adding two rooms at the front, and is planning for an inn proved exterior of the establish ment.
Valdez news., 1950-06-23
Valdez Will Have Telephones By Late Fall
'CiTY COUNCIL
 ALREADY APPROVES PHONE RATES

Valdez will have telephone system by late fall, owner Owen Meals reported at last weeks council meeting. MT. Meals is working on pole installation now. He submitted his proposed rate schedule to the council, and re- ceived the city stamp of approval on his charges.
 MT. Meals expects to charge $6.50 a month for a one-party business telephone. One party residence phones will cost $450 a month.
 Councilman Stuart Starbuck was appointed by Mayor Guy Stith to fill the unexpired term of A. Jarvi, resigned. City clerk Haley Gates sWore in the rookie councilman at Mondays meet ing.
 A property owner from west Valdez registered a formal com- plaint with the council concern ing the tents and trailer houses being set up on a lot near his property. Councilmen searched the city ordinances and found that Valdez has no ordinance against trailers.
 A removal permit was issued to Wayne Martin, who asked to transfer a house he has purchased to property he owns in west Val dez.
 City clerk Gates was instructed to write to the territorial cadas- tral survey and ask that a man be sent to Valdez to establish of ficial markers of the city. The last survey of the city was made in 1910.
 Mayor Stith issued a proclama- ton declaring Monday, July 3, an official holiday in Valdez.
 To give further color to the Fourth of July holiday plans, it was voted to contact the Army's public information office and ask for a flight of jet planes over Val dez for the Fourth.
Valdez news., 1950-06-23
THIRSTY HOMESTEADER GETS IDEA
 THAT MAY LEAD TO NEW INDUSTRY

Olsson is now having the syrup analysed, to determine it's ingre- dients. He feels there may be a possible future industry in the development of an Alaska birch syrup that can rival Vermont's maple syrup.
 Meanwhile, Alaskan timers say that Olsson hasn't discovered a thing that was new to them. They've been drinking the birch sap for years, as spring tonic. Some have investigated it's pos abilities in other brews. They re- port it makes a quite palatable wine.
Valdez news., 1950-06-23
Kodiak Plans Long-Lasting And Gala Fourth Celebration

Kodiak is planning four-day Fourth of July celebration, it was announced at that city last week. Events on the holiday schedule are headed by the annual Kodiak to Naval Operating Base mara thon. There will be a junior marathon this year, in addition. Other plans include a parade, track meet, softball games, a pis- tol shoot, races and games for children, a carnival at the com munity center, and a eliminating display of fireworks on the eve ming of the Fourth.
Valdez news., 1950-06-23
ALASKA'S ROADS ARE AT THEIR PRIME NOW, ARC ENGINEER REPORTS

Alaskans will find no better driving conditions in the territory this year, than right now, it was announced recently by A. F. Ghiglione, chief engineer of the Alaska Road Commission. MT. Ghiglione had just completed a driving survey over all of the territory's highways.
 The Haines Cutoff was report ed in excellent condition. with the trouble giving slide area inside the Canadian border said to be "very passable."
 Local residents who motored over the Willow road this last weekend, found driving condi- tions were very good. They re- ported no snow at the summit, and dry roads almost all of the way.
 Some frost boils" remain on the southern end of the Richard son Highway, making for some rough driving on the way to Val deg.
Valdez news., 1950-06-23
Gov. Gruening Outlines Most Important Points in Revised Statehood Bill

Thirty-seven and a half per cent of all money received from the sale of national forest timber;
 A grant of 100000 acres of na- tional. forest land, to provide for the expansion of cities:
 One-half of the net proceeds of the Pribilof seal herds (With the management of the seals remain ing in the hands of the federal government.
 Governor Gruening expressed confidence in the new bill, which he said had overcome most of the objections of the former statehood bill. He characterized the feeling in Washington, D. C., to va r d Alaskan statehood, as friendly"
Valdez news., 1950-06-23

The state of Alaska will get one-ninth of the puplic lands in the territory, and will have five years in which to select the par ticular lands it wants, under the new statehood bill now in prep aration in Washington, D. C. That was the report that Governor Ernest Gruening, only recently returned from the nations cap itol, brought to the Juneau Cham Der of Commerce.
 Other allowances to be made to the state, under provisions of the new bill, were:
 Thirty-seven and a half per cent of all oil royalties taken from the public domain;
Valdez news., 1950-06-23

A Fairbanks area homesteader, John Olsson, has discovered what he thinks may be another poten- tial Alaskan industry. The home steader, being thirsty one day and without a we'll, decided to tap birch trees for his drinking water supply.
 Then one morning, he improved upon his idea, when he found the resulting liquid somewhat sweet to the taste. He boiled down the water" added bit of sugar, and got an excellent, crystal clear syrup for his hot cakes.
Valdez news., 1950-06-23
SEWARD RESIDENT PASSES

Olaf "Ole" Hult, long time Alaskan miner, died at Seward recently. MT. Hult had lived at Kodiak, had mined for several years in the Willow Creek dis trict, and had been a resident of Seward since 1926. He is sur vived by four brothers, all living in the states.
Valdez news., 1950-06-23
Returns for University Summer School

Miss Frances Jensen, formerly a staff member of the University of Alaska, will return for this years summer session, it vas an- nounced last week. Miss Jensen, who has just completed work at Cornell for her doctors degree, will teach courses in weaving, crafts and clothing.