davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
Society News
Visiting Australian Foreign Minister
And Mrs. Slender Honored at Parties

greSSional circles at the delight
full party and others from that
committee included Senator Theo-
dore F. Green. Senator and Mrs.
j. William Fullbright, Senator and
Mrs. Bourke B. Hickenlooper and
Senator Alexander Wiley. The
Chairman of the Foreign Affairs
Committee and Mrs. John Kee
and Representative Charles A.
Eaton, the ranking Republican
member of the committee, were
there with some ten or eleven
others on that committee and
their wives.
A large number of the guests
were colleagues of the host in
the Diplomatic Corps. Among
these were the Ell Salvador Ambas-
Sador and Sonora de Castro, the
Bolivian Ambassador and Sonora
de Martinez Vargas, the Canadian
Ambassador and Mrs. Hume
Wrong, the Chilean Ambassador
and Sonora de Nieto del Rio, the
Brazilian Ambassador, Mr.. Maui
ricio Nabuco; Lady Franks was
there without the Ambassador,
who is in New York with their
own Foreign Minister, Mr.. Bevin;
and the Swedish Ambassador and
Nine. Bohemian.
Luncheons Given
Earlier yesterday the Minister
Of External Affairs was the guest
in whose honor the UndersecretarS
of State, Mr.. James E. Webb en-
tertained at luncheon. The party
was arranged at Prospect House
and in the company were the Am
baSSador, Mr.. Maxim; the Coun-
selor of the Embassy, Mr.. Colin T.
Noodle, and the Secretaries, Mr..
Owen Davis and Mr.. David w.
McNicol.
Assistant Secretaries Willard L.
Thorp and John H. Hickerson
were there and Chief of Protocol
John Farr Simmons. Also from
the State Department at the
luncheon were Mr.. Henry r. La
bouisse, jr., Mr.. G. Hayden Raynor
and Mr.. j. Howell Shullaw.
Mrs. Spender, meantime, was
the guest at luncheon of Mrs.
H. B. Farncomb, wife of the Ma
val Attache of the Embassy, who
entertained in her home on Thirty
second street. Her other guests
were Mrs. Maxim, Nine. van For
eest, H. E. Taber, Mrs. J: L. Find
lay, wife of the New Zealand Air
Attache; Mrs. Randolph Kidder.
and Mrs. Owen Davis.
Tea at Embassy
Mrs. Maxim is entertaining again
this afternoon at tea, having asked
a group of ladies to meet Mrs.
Spender. Wives of members of
the Embassy staff are assisting
the hostess and guests include a
number of those who were in the
company last evening.
Mrs. Jesse Donaldson was in
vited this afternoon and others
include Mrs. John B. Steelman |
and Mrs. John Farr Simmons, wife
of the Chief of Protocol, who is
attending one of the first parties
since her husband took his present
post. Mrs. Nelson T. johnson was
asked and also Mrs. Luther Evans,
Mrs. Nellie Tayloe Ross, Mrs.
Frederick Brown Harris, Mrs. Leon
keyserling, Mrs. M. Robert Gug-
genheim, Mrs. Emil Hurja, Mrs.
Joshua Evans, Mrs. James w.
Boyer, Mrs. Parker w. West and |.
the officers of the Billy Tea Club,
Miss Evelyn Dutton, Mrs. Gore
Booth and Mrs. Linda N. Ireton.
The visitors will go today to
New York, where the Minister will
head the Australian delegation to
the sessions of the United Nations
General Assembly opening Mon
day. The Ambassador will accom-
pany them to New York and prob
ably remain for the opening of
the Assembly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

What part OF the toedding en-
penSe is the bridegroom expected
to pay? Mrs. Post is sorry she
cannot GnSlUer personal mail.
HoweDer, a list of the Dedding
expenses and 1Uho pays them is
included in Mrs. Posts leafet,
E-4, "Wedding Expenses" To
obtain a copy, send 10 cents in
coin to her, care of The EUening
Star, P. o. Boz SO. Station G.
NeiD York 10, N. Y.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

Siddons and Mrs. Eberhart Haynes
who is chairman of the Ladies Aid.
The organization is working to in
terest more and more women in
the nursing field in an effort to
combat the shortage of nurses CO.
incident with wartime.
At the 4 o'clock party Mrs. Hill
greeted her guests in a stunning
black cocktail dress. a Piguet
model that she acquired during
her recent trip to Paris.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

Miss Lillian Catherine Carter,
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Howard
M. Carter of Lexington, Va, be-
came the bride of Mr.. Lee Francis
Roberts, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
M. E. Roberts of this city. in a
recent ceremony held in the Trim
ity Methodist Church in Lexing-
ton. The Rev. Harvey Ashby was
the officiating minister. The cou-
pie now make their home at $500
Thirty-ninth street NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
Announcement

MIR. and Mrs. Laban Christopher
Chappell of Chevy Chase, an
nounce the engagement of their
daughter, Barbara, to Mr.. Charles
Boehne, son of Mr.. and Mrs. John
William Boehne also of Chevy
Chase.
The wedding will take place in
November.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
4ousewornninq Given

Rear Admiral and Mrs. Ernest
Edward Hermann had a house
warming in their new quarters
at the United States Naval Aca-
DENY last week, with Mr.. and Mrs.
Henry F. Hermann of Garden
City, N. Y, as their honor guests.
Evening star., 1950-12-17
Japan Forced to Play Passive Role

independence and paralyzed her
vital nerve; instead OF holding the
balance of power between China
and Japan, of which she would be
perfectly capable, she has to fight
China practically single handed,
and at long range-a task which
overtaxes even her vast power po-
/ tential.
What is true of Japan in Asia
is equally true of Germany in
Europe. There is no doubt that
German power in the '30s and
early '40s had become exorbi-
tant and had to be culned. here
is equally no longer any doubt
that the Western powers with
their unconditional surrender"
policy and their treatment of de-
feated Germany fatally overshot
the mark and put Europe at the
mercy of Russia. They are now
awkwardly and belatedly trying to
retrace their steps. But even now
they labor under the delusion that
they can treat Germany simulta-
neously as an ally and as a de-
feated enemy, and that they can
have an effective military "contri-
button to Western defense" from
a politically Inundated and emas-
culated nation. They are unlikely
to make much progress before
they free themselves from this
schizophrenia.
/ The present crisis. of which
Korea is the most conspicuous,
DIV ny no means the most menac-
| ing, part, is the nemesis of "un-
conditional surrender" and of all
that followed. BY enforcing the
unconditional surrender and the
total disarmament of Japan and
Germany, the victors of 1945
knocked away two essential pillars
of the balance Of power in Europe
and Asia. But only a balance of
power provides basis of peace in
a world in which power is divided
among independent nations. The
world is today paying a heavy
price for having forgotten this
elementary truth. 1t will not find
peace before it relearns it.
tcopyrieht. London Observer Foreign News
Service
Evening star., 1950-12-17

Here Is the picture drawn
by Nationalist China Of the
areas where it's guerrilla tight
ers are asserted to be active
against the Chinese Reds.
The map follows the lines of
one just published in the Gen.
tral Daily News, Nationalist
government mouthpiece on For
mosa.
1t indicates the approximate
disposition of what is claimed
to be more than a million and
a half fighters. The National
lists report there are 1,614,610
of these definitely organized,
and a probable total Of about
2 million. However, the table
accompanying the map indi-
Gates a total of only 1,598,8l0.
and there is no way Of knowing
the actual number of electives.
The Nationalists said these
forces numbered only 395,000 in
September, 1949, but had in
creased to $4,000 by the end
of that year.
Up until August of this year,
they add, the guerrillas have
fought more than 1900 skir-
mishes and battles with the
Reds, and in them the Reds
have suffered 10000 casualties.
The government reports it is
sending more personnel to the
mainland to establish closer
contact with the irregularS.
GuerrillaS are a new and sig
nificant element in modern war;
fare. Usually called bandits"
by the government in power in
the region where they are OPP
Grating. such troops have all
Evening star., 1950-12-17
ECAChonges
Continued From Page CID

many nations. Even Britain, in
her splendid revival, probably will
find a reversal of the recovery
trend. Her dollar reserves may
dwindle rapidly.
This is for two reasons. First,
Britain will have to pay rising
prices-barring some form of con-
trols-for the materials that go
into the arms she produces.
Second. her export campaign will
have to be cut back by virtue of
the. competitive effects of the re-
armament drive. And what is
said of Britain in this connection
is true of all the other countries
which participate in our defense
effort.
Britain is manufacturing
nation. dependent on sources Of
raw materials which she con-
verts into finished products for
sale abroad. It is this industrial
establishment which is needed
for war production purposes. But
in converting to war production
Britain not only deprives her own
people of badly needed products
but is forced to pay abnormally
high prices for the raw materials
like rubber, tin and wool. That
cuts into her dollar reserves.
To make it worse, she will have
to devote to military production
plants and equipment now en-
gagged in producing for export,
which has made possible her in
dependence of the Marshall Plan.
She will have to withdraw from
her growing market in this
country.
Britain's need for American aid,
then, is going to recur, perhaps
more urgently than ever before.
However. that need cannot be
met by ECA--as it has been met
in the past-in the name of eco
nomic recovery. 1t will have to
be met in the name of defense
rearmament.
That is where ECA's new func-
tion-and perhaps even entirely
new look--will come in. The old
goal of peacetime economic re-
covery will not suffice. Nor,
probably, will an organization
which is geared for that one pur-
pose alone ECA may even get
new name-more in keeping
with a wartime purpose and di-
vorced from the whole idea of
peacetime recovery. The one
thing which it is not likely to seek
Is administration of strictly mill
tary equipment going to our AL
lies. That. it is conceded. is a
job for the Pentagon. So there
is no question of a consolidation
of the mutual defense assistance
program anu ERP, although there
may be some readjustment Of
functions.
What is hoped, however. is that
Congress will realize the necessity
for an entirely new program of aid
to Europe, based on the reality of
need for a wartime economic base
on the continent and an enlarged
concept of su",-'I = for all non
Communist nations.
Evening star., 1950-12-17

LONDON-Surely the oldest
thing about the Korean crisis is
that the one great power which,
apart from China. is most vitality
concerned by what happens in
Korea plays no part in it at all.
That is Japan.
1t seems difficult to realize today
that up to five years ago Korea
was firmly and unquestionably in
japanese hands and that for Is
years, from 1880 to 1945. it had
been the basis from which Japa-
nese power had ranged all over
Manchuria and North China. No
doubt this was an over-extension
of japanese power which was
bound to be corrected. But a
japanese interest in Korea is
nevertheless perfectly legitimate
and japanese concern about Korea
is indeed inevitable. as long as
Japan is in any way capable of
taking normal care of her own
safety and vital interests. Korea
in the hands of any other great
power is, in a trite but perfectly
exact phrase, a pistol pointed at
Japan's heart. The least that
Japan. if she were master of her
own destiny. would be bound to
insist on with all her power would
be that Korea remained an inde-
pendent buffer state between her.
self. China and the Soviet Far
East.
Now, Of course. Japan is not at
present master of her own des-
tiny. and so profoundly is she
conscious Of this that she does
not even care to take notice of
what Is happening on her door
step. With the Chinese flood
rolling toward her, she remains
as numb as an anaesthetized body.
This is not because Japan's
physical power has disappeared.
Her 80 million people are all there,
and they have not lost their polit-
ical and national cohesion, their
technical skills. or their formi-
dable fighting qualities. which
only recently terrified the world
There is not the slightest doubt
Evening star., 1950-12-17
Soviet May Have Erred in Opposing ArobAsdtc Peace Bloc

consultation with the State
Department on other aspects of
American policy in the Middle
East, Azzam PaSha encouraged
the Arab delegations to subor6i-
nate their earlier disappointments
over U. N. treatment of the Arab
British and Arab-Israeli issues
and to address themselves whole
heartedly to the problem of at
tempting to create a framework
for settlement of the Far East
crisis.
In this direction he addressed
a personal letter under date Of
December 6 to Trigvie Lie. secre-
tary general of U. N, suggesting
not only "a cease-fire on the war
front, but also a cease-f1re on the
mental front. We should. for ex-
ample, have at least a months
truce in Korea and three months
truce in what they call the cold
war everywhere.
What is wanted is to avoid
war, not by appeasement nor by
a preventative war, but by COM
plete and resolved determination
to avoid war as a means of set
tling human differences, and to
try :. to have United Nations
reconstructed on its Charter as
a court Of justice to whom every
member and every nation can bow
respectfully to its decisions"
Speaking during the past week
at the National Press Club, tie
Arab leader again rejected ao-
peasement as a moral abdica-
ton which can have only
disastrous consequences in the
settlement of other problems in
Europe, Africa and Asia" but re-
newed his appeal for a truce ard
called upon the Un''c.l States 10
carry the Leaders II, \ defer-a
Of human liberty an4 Welfare"
Evening star., 1950-12-17
Canada Boom
By Robson Black

MONTREAL. Since 1945
more than 1000 new manufac-
turing firms employing 10 or
more workers each, with a total
of Al 400 workers, have set up
business in Canada. OF these
new companies, "a are under
United Kingdom control; lat
came from the United States
and 835 were organized by Ca
nadians. The British companies
have the highest average of
employment, 172, as against II
in American firms and 80 in
Canadian. More than 5000
people draw wages from the
new United Kingdom factories.
Typical of the products turned
out by the industrial plants
added in the last five years are:
Jet aircraft, diesel locomotives,
gas turbine engines, roller BEAR
ings, automobile parts, elec-
tronic equipment and rock drill
bits. In these fields the British
companies play a prominent
part but are subject to stiff
competition from United States
rivals who since 1945 have es-
tablished 80 plants for iron and
steel, % for chemicals, II for
transportation equipment and
l3 for electrical apparatus.
Capital expansion in Canada
this year will reach close to
81 billion, an increase over
1949 of 500 million. The
Department of Trade and
Commerce estimates that 1851
will show a further advance
over the present year. This
would bring to almost $40 mil
lion the total investment of
new capital since the end of
the war. Construction spending
alone reached $2.5 billion, re-
f1ecting a rise of 8 per cent in
price and of 8 per cent in actual
volume.
G'ondon Observer Foreign News servicsJ
Evening star., 1950-12-17

Russian opposition to the per-
sistent and positive efforts of 13
Asian and Middle Eastern nations
to provide a solution within the
United Nations of the Korean war
and the broader problem of a
general modus vivendi in the Far
East may prove to be a strategic
error on the part of the Kremlin
policy makers.
From the beginning of the Ko-
rean hostilities the Indian gov
ernment has taken a middle
ground position, based funda-
mentally on the thesis that Asian
troubles are best understood by
Asians and that settlement can
not best be found by force, It
was this general line of thinking
that led to India's prompt recog-
milton of the Communist govern
ment of China. but leads just as
directly to a resistance to Mos
COW as the dictator of events in
Asia. Even past rebuffs by the
Peiping Chinese and threatening
military adventures in Tibet failed
to destroy Indian hopes and de-
termination to find an area for
mediation OF immediate strife and
removal OF long-term potentiali-
ties for war.
Circumstances Outlined
In carrying on this effort the
Indian delegation at the United
Nations followed two significant
courses. First of all they enlisted
in the attempt five other Asiatic-
Pacific nations and the six mem
bers of the Arab League who are
U. N. members and who had
framed comparable plan on
their own. The 18th member of
the bloc is Iran. country bor-
dering Russia and occupying the
Evening star., 1950-12-17
By Sebostion Hoffner

that Japan remains intrinsically
one cf the great powers of the
present day-probably still a
considerably greater power than
China. Nor is there any doubt
that if this power were operative
in q normal way, nobody would
have to worry about China over
running Korea.
But Japan's power is. momen-
tarily, self-effacing and withhold
ing itself. in literal obedience tc
the dictates of her recent con-
querors. If Japan wanted to exact
a subtle revenge on these con-
querors, and to prove the self
defeating absurdity of the short
sighted policy of unconditional
surrender, total disarmament anc
total political emasculation. which
they have pursued toward hel
during the past five years, she
could choose no more effective
method than her present attitude
u. S. Pays Penalty
For it is now proven that Amer.
lcan long range power cannot re.
place Japanese local power in the
Far East and the complete elm
ination of Japan from the Fal
Eastern power constellation has
exposed America and her Allies
to the present humiliation at the
hands of China. China is, Of
course. a smaller power than the
United States on any abstract
reckoning, but locally she is, al
we now see, quite capable of sue
cessfully defying the United
States, whose centers of strength
are 1000 miles away. and who
moreover, has other areas in the
world to take care of. China
would not be able to do this if she
were locally checked by an indie
pendent and armed, albeit defeat
ed and chastened. Japan, who
would be inevitably driven by hel
own vital interests to impose such
a check on her. America is now
paying the penalty for having
temporarily, deprived Japan of hel
Evening star., 1950-12-17

U. N. Assembly presidency at this
time in the person of Nasrollah
Entezam. Secondly, they carried
on one side of their negotiations
with the Chinese Communist
group now present at the U. N.
sessions rather than with the So
Wet delegation.
Initial attention was directed at
the first of two resolutions, pro-
viding for creation of three-ma
commission to be headed by AS
sembly President Entezam to ar
range conditions of cease-fire N
Korea. The United States and
Britain gave prompt approval; on
Wednesday Russia's Jacob Malik
announced his governments op-
position. While the u. N. Political
Evening star., 1950-12-17

again under their old officers.
4. Students and teachers, in
Guiding many from Anhwei
University. Small in numbers
but important in influence.
Particularly in the Tapieh
Mountains.
S. Local militia and semisecret
societies, in Western Honan,
Szechwan and Kwangtung Prov
inces.
6. Landowners and farmers
who have suffered from land
reforms and taxation in kind.
7. Racial and religious groups.
including some 10000 men under
Prince Teh in Inner Mongolia,
and Moslems in the northwest.
Evening star., 1950-12-17
An Illustration

resentment, may solidify their
association with each other, and
may draw them closer to the West
ern nations which honored their
effort.
While Sir Bengal Rau, the In
dian delegate, has been the prin-
cipal spokesman for the combined
group with Faris El Khoury,
Syrian delegate, in the forefront
Of the earlier Arab effort. one
of those who has been most in
fiuential behind the scenes in ef-
fecting the combination has been
Abdel Rahman Azzam, secretary
general of the Arab League.
Visiting the United States for
the purpose of attending the pres
ent U. N. sessions and for
Evening star., 1950-12-17
By Joe Wina

unpleasant habit Of attaining
power themselves and being
able to call the other fellow a
bandit. That's what has hap
pened in China where the Reds
lived for years a hunted life
only to face about and with
help of Russia take over the
country.
The Nationalist guerrillas, say
the Nationalists, are particularly
active in regions with many
islands. lakes, mountains or
numerous waterways. One of
their most important bases is
in the Tapieh Mountain range
near Hankow, although the
Evening star., 1950-12-17

largest numbers of fighters are
In the southwest and central
regions.
Seven types Of guerrillas are
listed by the Nationalists:
l. Units of government troops
left behind on the mainland
purposely. Mostly in the south
west.
2. Guerrillas organized by the
government army after the
mainland battles. Scattered in
Inner Manchuria and Honan
and Anhwei Provinces.
3. Former government troops
who went over en- masse to the
Reds and then switched back
Evening star., 1950-12-17
BY John c. Henry

Committee and later the Assembly
approved the plan on Thursday
and Friday the position of the So
Wet bloc marks it for apparent
failure even though the Chinese
Communist position was not fully
cleared up in a press conference
yesterday.
The unwisdom, if such proves
to be the case, in the Russian
position may be found in the fol-
lowing circumstances of the peace
effort:
Each of the 13 nations, in some
degree or other is under shadow
of Russian pressure, either politi-
cal or military. The Asiatic group.
despite other differences among
themselves. formed common
front on this effort toward effect
ing peace between East and West.
The Arab League members. like
wise at odds among themselves on
various issues, also closed ranks
for this broader attempt at slow
ing up the approach toward a
third world war. Iran, success
fully resistant in recent years to
Russian tough talk, has been
wooed to greater advantage in re-
cent months by friendly" ad-
vances from Moscow.
First Action Front
Among them the 13 countries
represent a vast and strategic land
mass, many millions of population
and a great reservoir of natural
resources. Never before have the
two segments of the bloc been
joined in an action front. To have
succeeded would have added
greatly to their prestige. To fall
short Of their objective may create
Evening star., 1950-12-17
Heovy-Honded Diplomacy
Miffs Latin U.N. DELEGATES
U. S Is Losing Prestige With Neiehbors by
Falling to Accord Proper Consideration
By Edword TomIinson

NEW YORK-Aong with all of other international
fortunes have been gradually losing prestige among
Latin American neghbos in the United Nations
vital support This at tine when their
20 votes General (nearly
in that powerful body Of value Importance
In this critical time of the most
Evening star., 1950-12-17
Logic in Reds Picking Asio
As Site of Final Showdown
Masses Easier for Kremin to HundIe Than
Europeans and Strategic Materials Are There
By Constantine Brown

cuoy examination by students strategy shows the
showdown with the United
The
far those
lead those which for