davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-12-12

c. L. Mccoy of Anchorage /
stopping at the Baranof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-12-12
TIDE tai L E
December 13

December IL
High tide 500 am, 16.1 TT.
Low tide 10:45 am, 3.9 II.
High tide 4:4l pm, 17.2 IT.
Low tide 1922 pm, 90 1T.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-12-12
WEATHER REPORT

, WEATHER REPORT
, Temperatures for 24-Hour Period
} ending $40 O'Clock this morning
In Juneau-Maximum, 80;
minimum, 20.
At Airport-Maxim 81;
, minimum, 81.
. r o r E C A S T
duncan and Vicinity
, Mostly ! cloudy with some
, light snow and rain tonight
, and Wednesday. Lowest tenn
, perature tonight about 20.
, Highest Wednesday near IS.
. p r e CLIP AT I o N
. past ~ hours ending 1880 am. today
, City of Juneau-0.01 inches;
ssince Dec. / - 1.91 inches,
since July ISIS inches.
At Airport Trace;
since Dec. / = 100 inches;
since July 1-24.42 inches.
Q
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-12-12

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The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1950-12-12

Continued on Page Four
Evening star., 1950-10-28
Civil Defense Compact Needed

AS plans for co-ordinating civil defense func-
tions within the Washington Metropolitan Area
begin to shape up it becomes increasingly evident
that more than voluntary understanding among
the various participating Jurisdictions is neces-
sary. There are numerous legal problems which
cannot well be solved by informal agreements.
AS General Jacob L. Devers civil defense CO.
ordinator for Northern Virginia, points out, some
legal basis must be provided, for example for
sending firefghting, police or other aid beyond
established urisdictional limits and for defraying
the costs of such aid-ncluding reimbursement
for damage or injuries.
The belief is growing among civil defense
planners that binding interstate compact of
sort will be required to insure the successful
carrying out of any such program as that pro-
posed by the National Security Resources Board.
Views to this effect were expressed at the recent
meeting here of civil defense officials from the
District Maryland and Virginia. The problem is
acute in this area because so many governmental
Jurisdictions are involved in the area program
ming. Unless these Federal State, county and
municipal authorities enter into firm compact,
ratified by Congress and the State legislatures,
conflict and confusion will be inevitable The
question of drawing up such compact should
be given immediate consideration when Congress
reconvenes. AS a defense measure the proposal
merits emergency study and action.
Evening star., 1950-10-28
This and That

IT wish I could write what I'm think
ing" writes A. c. N. of Arlington. II have
not time to write.
1--WE have a television, and to get our
moneys worth we watch it at all hours.
Stupid humans"
Mrs. NJ might like to know that all
persons who write. whether novels. his
tories, letters. or what, wish they. too,
could write just what they are thinking
It is the grand design, and those who
attain it go down to fame and sometimes
to fortune.
But lacking that. it is good just to say
something of what ones thinking, now
and then.
One is thinking about television, and
why he doesn't buy one. It isn't this
color business.
There have been reasons galore for
getting set.
Every ad is full of reasons.
Old friends in the pride of new
gadgets. tell of watching the wrestling
and prize fights, and how the children
eat up various features, including How
dee Doody and Hopalong Cassidy.
Perhaps it is the newness of this new
gadget that stops one.
After going through the telephone, the
fountttn pen, the airplane. and the ra :
Evening star., 1950-10-28

dio, one person. at least, can go no more.
Hardy souls lap up new things, and
cry for more, but less hardy ones feel
that enough is enough.
The lure of the old also draws. 1t
means that newness, of itself, is not such
a lure to them as it is to others.
Freedom, of which we sing, also means,
or at least it ought to mean, that we
have right to reject, too.
And this rejection may apply to the
most glamorous things as well as to the
worst.
Perhaps it all adds up to what one has
made ones own, over the years.
If books, for instance. are enough for
you, what attraction can radio have, or
the movies, or television even?
IF books are enough" keep in mind.
Some go on. in their lives, to sue
cession of RACES, one after another,
throwing themselves into each one in
turn, firing of it, and then going on to
something new.
This was the fine rage of the men of
Athens, of whom st. Paul spoke. as al
ways wishing to hear some new thing,
and to talk about it, too.
Many persons whose whole lives are
given over to the new fail to recognize
Evening star., 1950-10-28

by making 1t profitable to researchers. He spe-
cited results rather than effort merely because
he wished to accomplish practical achievement
The first award went to Emil Won Behring for
his development of systematic immunology.
That was in 1901. At least fifty scientists have
shared in the great Swedish chemist -philanthro-
pists medical endowment since then. In some
cases undoubtedly the money was less impor-
tant consideration than the honor represented
in the Caroline Institutes approval; in others it
meant financial relief deeply appreciated Look
ing at his benefaction as whole, it seems evil
dent that Nobel has helped us all not exclu-
sively in what his charity has yielded in human
health and well-being thus far, but quite as
definitely for what we have reason to believe will
be yielded in the future.
Evening star., 1950-10-28

Gen. MarShall's recent statement set
ting in motion a program for releasing
reservists and establishing new system
of call and replacement clearly shows
that the general can still think as clearly
as ever.
The apparent indiscriminate recall of
the reserves has been a clear indictment
Of the former Secretary of Defense, who
gave the American people to believe that
the military forces of the Nation were
able to cope with any situation.
Most of the men recalled served in
combat during World War II. quite
number were sent to college or were
given on-the-job training at the tax
payers expense, and not few of them
had married and accepted responsibilities
of family life. It is from these men
Evening star., 1950-10-28
BY Charles E. TroceweN

that some persons can get enough of the
new.
Growing old, eh?
That is it. But it is more than just
growing old.
1t is seeing at last that the old was
very good, and that few new things are
any better.
The movies better than plays?
One may doubt it.
Radio better than listening to a SYM
phony concert?
One doubts it.
Television, better than seeing the real
thing?
Here again, one may doubt it.
Perhaps not all television owners are
as frank as our correspondent, but
surely many of them must wonder, at
times, about their latest rage.
They may think one is right, after ALL
He will be reading an old book, a new
book; he will be enjoying the life of the
mind, than which there is no better life
The wonders Of inventions are very
real, but some persons. at least, feel that
they cannot go through much more in
vention, as they live day by day in the
shadow of the bomb.
One more wonderful invention, and
we are done for. \
Evening star., 1950-10-28
We Must Protect Our Watersheds
To the Editor of The Stor:

To the Editor Of The Stor:
IF ANY ONE had wanted proof of the
flood control value of trees and shrubs
on watershed, he should have been in
the San Bernardino Mountains Of
California last summer
On July 4. forest fire swept over TOO
acres lying along the south slope Of the
mountains. Two days later, while fire
fighters were still mopping UP, a severe
thunderstorm struck. Rain gushed down
in torrents for half hour.
Within matter of minutes. ravines
leading from the burned-over slope were
roaring with muddy water. The flash
flood, carrying its burden Of soil and
boulders, sped downhill so quickly that
some of the fire fighters barely escaped
being drowned.
The rain fell just as hard on nearby
slopes where the fire had not destroyed
trees, brush and ground litter. But there
was one significant and dramatic differ
ence: On these slopes there wasn't any
flood or any serious erosion. Because
these hills were vegetated, the water that
fell to the earth was slowed down. Most
of it soaked into the ground, where it
collected in underground reservoirs that
eventually would feed clear water into
mountain streams.
It is automatic that the prosperity Of
any civilization depends in large measure
on its watersheds. He who rules the
mountains rules the valleys. In the
Tigris- -Euphrates valley, in China, and in
many other parts of the world. people
have become impoverished when they
stripped trees from the mountains and
let livestock eat grass and shrubs to the
roots.
Whoever rebuilds war-torn Korea will
have to undertake forest conservation
program on the watersheds. The South
Koreans short of fuel, stripped the trees
and shrubs from mountain slopes near
their villages. AS result, flood and silt
problems, already bad. were seriously ag-
gravated. Many Korean harbors are
choked with sediment. The landing at
Inchon, it will be remembered. had to be
made at high tide. Otherwise. landing
Evening star., 1950-10-28
For Orderly Mobilization

1t would be unfortunate if the Defense De-
partment's efforts to put manpower mobilization
on more orderly basis were to be misinterpreted.
The decision to halt the calling up Of certain
reserves and to release many of those now on
active duty does not mean that there has been
a cutback in military manpower goals under the
new rearmament program. The need for men
with which to build 3-millon-strong military
establishment still remains acute. But hereafter
the chief source of supply will be selectve service
and voluntary recruiting.
During the sudden Korean crisis it became
necessary to scrape the bottom Of the barrel for
men already trained to fight Our skeletonized
regular Army was unable to meet the demands
for reinforcements which came from our hard
pressed forces in Korea. Under the circum-
stances it was necessary to activate many
Organized Reserve and National Guard units
and to order up thousands of technicians and
other specialists from Reserve components Many
of these men received no advance notice of recall
and were given as little as two weeks in which
to settle their private affairs. Most of these
Reservists had served their country in World
War II and did not relish fighting another war
while men without previous service remained in
civilian life.
Two factors have combined to change the
situation in recent weeks. First, of course, was
the favorable turn of events in Korea following
the Inchon landings and the fading prospect of
an all-out war. Second was the steady supply
of draftees as the selective service machinery
began to run more smoothly. A study of defense
manpower requirements by a special board
convinced Defense Secretary Marshall that the
time had come to correct some of the inequities
Of hasty mobilization and to establish co-ordi-
mated policies for future calling of reserves.
Under the new policy, Reservists who were in
voluntarily called to active duty may be released
as soon as replacements are available, provided
the men have received adequate retraining in
their branches There will be fewer Reservists
called to active duty and they will have adequate
notice in advance, in some cases much as
four months ahead. Some classes of Reservists
will not be called at all at present, relieving the
uncertainty which has gripped them since the
Korean outbreak.
But defense authorities have made it plain
that the victories in Korea have not ended the
threat of Communist aggression elsewhere-as
the invasion of Tibet gives evidence. As long as
this threat to the peace of the world exists, we
cannot afford to relax vigilance or suffer any
letdoWn in our determination to meet the threat
with arms, if the showdown should come The
only safe policy is to continue to remobilize and
rearm in accordance with the best judgment
of our military experts
"The true boa constructor is found only in
the New World" But to even 1t up, only in the
Old World do they have Ressia.
Evening star., 1950-10-28


flow. They found that a stream from
the cutover area carried rs times more
silt per gallon than did nearby stream
that drained forested area.
Another experiment on the Coweeta
Experimental Forest proved that heavy
livestock grazing damages forests and
creates flood problems. After cattle had
overgrazed a forested area for several
years. the surface runon Of rain water
was nearly doubled. Because the animals
had trampled the earth and made it less
porous, the water could not soak into
the ground so easily. but ran downhill.
carrying large quantities of soil with it.
Water is essential to every one. In
the United States, we use around 200
billion gallons every day-in our homes.
in our industrial plants, and on our irri-
gated farms. Some cities use as much as
140 gallons of water per person each day.
This water comes from our watersheds.
So what happens to the watersheds af-
fects every one-farmer and city dweller
alike.
Duncon Scott.
Evening star., 1950-10-28
Canada, 1880

The Canadian government has published ian
official handbook of present conditions and re-
cent progress" in the Dominion which should be
of interest to all North Americans, not merely
the people for whom it was intended primarily.
1t is, to begin with, beautiful example of the
modern art of printing; it is attractively written,
well-arranged, copiously Illustrated; it is upto-
date and in many respects prophetic of develop
ments yet to occur it is realistic yet defensibly
optimistic in spirit
No publication quite like this exists in or for
the United States. If one did, it would start
as the Canadian compendium does, with the
country itself-the land and the resources there
Of Then it would reflect the people-the human
factor-and their government, political evolution
economics. Next would follow chapters on health
and welfare activity, education scientific re-
search, social and cultural relationships. The
Canadian handbook furnishes models for studies
of agriculture, forestry, mines and minerals,
water power fisheries furs and the whole gamut
of secondary production" n"-rnanufactures and
construction Naturally it deals likewise with
labor, domestic and foreign trade public finance,
banking, Insurance. transportation, commun1ca-
tions, the arts of literature, music, painting,
sculpture, architecture, dancing and the theater.
Each of these subjects is offered briefly ncisvey
but with an encyclopedia impact. The entire
work. regarded as unified whole, is of reference
classification, yet it is eminently readable. And
at the close of its 288 pages the reader has an
impression of Canada that is congenial and
encouraging.
Perhaps every free nation should do some
thing of this kind periodically. Anyway, it would
seem that the United States might emulate our
northern neighbor usefully by thus annually
reporting to the citizens what they themselves
are accomplishing.
Evening star., 1950-10-28
The Role of Strategic Air

AS result of complaints growing out OF the
Korean war, there has been some danger that
second things might be put first in our thinking
about the purpose and the uses of air power.
The principal complaint has been that the
ground forces had neither the right kind nor
enough tactical air support. 1t Is undoubtedly
true that the pinch of budget limitations during
the past few years has been felt more painfully
by tactical air than by the strategic arm. If
we are going to have to fight ground actions,
as in Korea, this will have to be remedied, for
tactical air, designed to give close support to
ground troops, is indispensable in modern ground
warfare. This should never be done, however,
at the expense of strategic air-the long-range
bombers capable of striking at the heart of any
potential or actual enemy.
In his recent talk at the Herald Tribune
Forum. the Secretary of the Air Force, Thomas
K. Finletter, dealt at some length with this
question.
The Air Force, he said, has three first pri-
orty combat functions. The first of these is
the air defense of the United States-to do
what can be done to prevent enemy bombers
from reaching their targets in this country. Mr..
Finletter did not elaborate on this point, but
no one believes that defense can be wholly sue
cessful Some of the bombers, perhaps most
of them, would get through.
The second function is that of tactical air
support which, Mr. Finletter said, is an extremely
important phase of the Air Force job. His great
est emphasis was laid the point, however, that,
while it is necessary to put more effort and more
money into defense and tactical air, this must
never be at the expense of strategic air."
Behind this lies the fundamental thought
that our basic objective must be to prevent
major war. Manifestly, nothing should be neg
lected that would insure our success If, in spite
of everything, we are forced into war. But no
rational person would deny that 1t is infinitely
preferable to prevent war If that can be done.
It is here that strategic air offers the great
est hope Deploring what he called the mis-
understanding" of the high Importance OF the
long-range bomber, the Air Force Secretary de-
cared: "As long as the nations stay heavily armed
the strategic air attack-our ability to strike
with great atomic power at the very centers Of
an aggressor nation-win be the greatest force
for peace in the whole Western world II we
hadn't had this force we might we'll be in a world
war by now The strategic air arm Is indis-
pensable to our safety and to the safety OF our
friends and allies"
1t is hard to see how there can be any
valid disagreement with that point of view
Ideally a defense force should be perfectly
balanced force. But the fact that the demands
of all branches of all services cannot be fully
satisfied does not mean that the weapon which
offers the best hope for peace and, falling that
for success in war, should be made to suffer. To
do that would be the height of folly.
Evening star., 1950-10-28

protection to the soil beneath 1t.
craft would have mired in silt washed
down from the barren watersheds.
Korea is merely an example of
worldwide problem. In the United States.
we have learned through sad experience
that overgrazing, overcutting Of forests
and unwise cultivation of farmland
bring many ills. We are aware of the
problem, and we are doing something
about it. The question for us is: Are we
moving fast enough with our soil and
forest conservation programs?
In the mountains of North Carolina,
the United States Forest Service has
carried on many watershed studies on
the Coweeta Experimental Forest. There.
for nearly 20 years, foresters have OBJ
served the effects of different kinds Of
forest management on 80 different
watersheds.
In 1943 tract of 212 acres was cut
clean by loggers. All trees, big and little,
were chopped down, just as some loggers
are still doing in the southern mountains.
For seven years, foresters have studied
the effect of this clear cutting on stream
Evening star., 1950-10-28
Dr.. Rund and the ANA

Anna Tullman-Rand. M. D., president,
D. c. Chapter. the Physicians Forum. is
to be congratulated for new and per-
suasive propaganda technique. Heretofore
the antitrust laws, the sneer, the smear
and the big lie have been the political
bludgeonS of her clumsy male predeces-
Sors. But DR.. Rand uses crocodile tears
to betray her profession to Mr.. Truman's
tax-spend-elect conspirators. In her let
ter of October %, she weepingly de-
nounces our American Medical Associa-
ton as fallen angel. Our heretofore
pure and innocent ANA has become a
cynical lobby that corrupts the Nations
health by defeating Mr. Truman's spend
thrift millennium for deserving spoils-
men.
Our mothers and wives do not want
the imitation Of raid on the treasury.
They want to pay as We go for something
we need. We do not need Britain's womb
to-tomb bankrupt bureaucracy. We need
solvent. low-cost. self-help against the
bankrupting hazards of child-bearing,
catastrophe illness and malignant di-
sease, Women who are not doctors know
these are the health burdens which un-
balance the family budgets Of rich and
poor alike.
The Truman scheme Of total health
coverage is an economic fraud and a
betrayal of collective bargaining for the
doctor-worker. 1t is impossible to finance
it without making the doctor an in
dentured servant Of an insolvent pater-
nalistic state. DIR. Rand proves it is
cynical betrayal Of collective bargaining
guaranteed all workers under the Wagner
81. An% nNfI
ANA and the Physicians Forum are
organized 1obbies. Our ANA raised funds
from over 10000 members to fight MIR.
Truman's bankrupt bureaucracy. which
the Physicians Forum approves At most,
Pr membership Is $500. If collective
bargaining of organized doctor-workers
relative to fee schedules. working condi-
tions and working schedules is to obtain.
would the Wagner NLRB recognize our
ANA or Pr as an exclusive collective bar
gaining agency?
Perhaps our ANA is wrong in fighting
fire with fire. But it is not wrong in its
democratic insistence that 130. 900 doctor
workers should be recognized as organ
lied medicines exclusive collective bar
gaining agency in preference to PF's
$500.
Thomas +. Mattingly, MD.
My congratulations to DR.. Anna Tul-
man Rand! I agree with her views to
the letter, but it is not that which
prompts my respect for her. respect
any honest person who has the courage
of conviction such as Dr. Rand has dis
played, courage to face up to the all
powerful American Medical Association,
and to call spade spade. She has the
fortitude to risk the wrath of the union"
of her profession, an action comparable
to lowly CIO miner taking issue with
almighty John L. Lewis.
It seems almost incredible that the
ANA, to whom all credit is due for its
remarkable researches and successes,
should have so debased itself by exerting
it's every effort to prevent the benefits of
medical discoveries from becoming uni
versally widespread. The ANA should
know that voluntary health insurance.
such as it advocates, cannot accomplish
Evening star., 1950-10-28
Nobel Prize in Medicine

Multitudes of people will be interested IN the
award of the 1850 Nobel Prize in medicine In
recognition of research and discovery concerning
hormones Such mysterious substances long
have been known to play tremendous part IN
the health of the human body Exactly what
their effect is has been debated for centuries.
The glands by which they are produced were
identified long ago, but their work renamed
and largely still remains-a question unanswered.
Cortisone and ACTH are only two out OF perhaps
two hundred secretions which make a person sick
or well What Dr. Edward c. Kendall and DR..
Philip S. Hench of the Mayo Clinic at Rochester,
Minnesota, and Dr. Tadeusz Reichstein at the
University of Basel in Switzerland have been
studying is the influence of hormones originating
in the adrenal cortex atop the kidneys and in
the pituitary at the base of the brain. These
essences relieve rheumatoid arthritis-a disease
which has tortured millions of men and women
during thousands of years.
But the power of scientific knowledge in this
connection may be developed also with regard
to many other human problems. Take migraine,
for instance: Since it is periodical in its mani
festation it must be glandular in its origin. The
glands are clocks of sort; they keep time,
they have periodicity which may be anticipated
with approximate accuracy. Possibly migralne
is caused by overactivty of a gland imperatively
necessary to the health of the patient yet, when
superproductve of the secretion in which it deals
proves curse. The Mayo doctors and their
Swiss colleague are being rewarded not merely
for their work on cortisone and ACTH but like
wise for opening new potentialities of research
A layman may not have the training or expe-
rience to follow the detail routineS of their
labors, but he can grasp the principle involved
the simple fact that more accurate knowledge OF
the glandular structures of the human body Is
wanted in the campaign for health.
Alfred NobeIs purpose in setting up his prize
for medicine was to stimulate useful reseapth