davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Big Role Played
(Lontinned From Page OHe)

The report also said: $50 great
and pressing are our economic pro-
blems, so halting and selfish has
been our leadership in solving
them, that a mood of deep repent
ance is upon US. We as individuals
and as organized groups have left
undone those things which we
ought to have done, and we have
done those things which we ought
not to have DONE"
How true that is was demon
strated in the stories told by the
labor men, who have often found
the community including the
clergy-against the union. Charles
E. Webber, Virginia director and
Methodist minister, told of anony
nous telephone threats in his or
ganizing work. John Ramsay, At
lanta, Ca, said in Anderson, S. c..
the Chamber of Commerce is try
ing to drive the unions out. He
added that in many places radio
time, already bought by union, is
denied.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
. Pres. Green
(Cenfinned From Page One)

thus is placed at a greater disad-
vantage in bargaining for a price
for his labor than is the entrepre-
neur in bargaining for a price for
his wares"
AS a matter of fact, the AFL
president pointed out, ''those who
cry Tabor monopoly do not realize
that the only true monopoly in the
employment relationship occurs
when there is no union organiza-
ton. Without unionism, employers
enjoy a real monopoly in the set
ting of wage rates and the deter
mination of working conditions.
Workers can only work or refuse
to work on the employers terms
they themselves have no voice in
deciding what those terms should
be-"
As every union man knows,
Green asserted, Until total organ
ization has been achieved there is
no protection against the cut
throat competition of the non
union employe. Until total organ
ization has been achieved, there is
no complete equality Of bargaining
power" He added that industry
wide bargaining has resulted in
stabiization of wage rates on a
basis commensurate with the econ
omics of the industry involved"
an essence" Sen. Robertson's
arguments amount to the simple
claim that unions have been sue
cessful in organizing the morgan
lied and have thereby become
strong," the AFL president said.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Machinists League
Endorses Il Men
For The Senate

Washington (LPA)-The Non
Partisan League of the Int'l Assn
of Machinists has endorsed IL can
didates for the US Senate in this
years primaries, in opening its
drive for the election Of a liberal
majority. All II are Democrats,
and are backed on the basis of
their voting record. Other endorse
ments will be made from time to
time.
The IL are: Scott Lucas, Illinois
Brien Mcmahon, Connecticut; Olin
d. Johnston, South Carolina; Her
bert H. Lehman, OLD New York
Claude f. Pepper, Florida; Russell
b. Long, Louisiana; Carl Hayden,
Arizona; Francis j. Myers, Penn
sylvania; Warren G. Magnuson,
Washington; Lister Hill, Alabama;
Rep. John A. Carroll, Colorado.
The endorsements, plus the vot-
ing records, appear in the current
issue of, the Machinist. In an edi-
torial, "No One But YOU Can De-
liver The Labor Vote, the Machi-
mist says: "We are not seeking a
labor government, nor are we at
tempting to sew up in advance the
vote of candidates on any issue.
We are calling attention to the
men who we believe have earned
Iabor's support on the basis of their
recordS.o
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Middle Income
(Confinned From Page OHe)

IndD, Bricker (R-O), Ives (R-NY),
Fullbright (D-Ark) and Robertson
(R-Va). Last year Tobey and Ives
introduced a similar bill, but they
have turned against the Demo
cratic version. Both were sponsor
ing an amendment to put the pro-
gram under the Federal Housing
Administration, which friends of
the legislation have been fighting
because of their lack of confidence
in Raymond f.. Foley, of the Hous-
ing and Home Finance Agency.
The Tobey-Ives proposal was
beaten on another 76 vote, with
the same linesup as before, but the
committee finally reported the bill
in compromise form.
Under the bill, as approved by
the committee, the fund for coop
erative housing would be cut from
So billion to 81 billion. Coopera-
tive mortgages would be insured by
the government, instead of having
the corporation make direct loans
Senator Sparkman DALAI, spon-
sor of the administration bill, esti-
mated this would increase interest
rate a little, to perhaps 3lS or 3l2
per cent. Under the compromise,
the administration Of the coopera-
tive program will be placed under
Foley as Tobey and Ives wanted,
but not to be administered under
the FILA financing system, as they
also wanted.
Sparkman said he hoped, to get
the bill up in the Senate next week
and to pass it within a week. The
deadline for extending FILA is
March /, and the bill carries new
funds for the FILA as well as the
cooperative housing program. Be
fore reporting the bill, the commit
tee cut the new authorization for
FHA from $2.75 billion to $l.75
billion.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Big Business Front Trying
Aqdin To Tax Cooperdtives

Chief spokesman for the farm
cooperatives, Karl d. Loos, dem
nounced the figures presented by
the NTEA and NAB witnesses as
absurd, "unwarranted", "ridicu-
lous" and without any basis what
ever. He said the total business
done by farm cooperatives amount
ed to about $7,000,000,000, a year
or smaller percentake of total
marketing than in 1881. He noted
that this volume of business by
5000 cooperatives was less than
that done by five big corporations.
"The idea that cooperatives are
about to gobble up business is abb
surd in the face Of figures like
these" Loos said. He estimated
that even if all patronage refunds
of cooperatives were subject to
taxation, which he contended would
be unconstitutional, the total raised
in taxes would be less that $780,
900, 900, or a tiny fraction of the
amount contended by the NTEA
witnesses. Loos used Treasury fig
ures as the basis of his estimate.
Furthermore, Loos argured, pat
ronage dividends cannot be consid-
cred income under the laws or the
constitution. Congress does not
have the power to make it income,
he argued, because it represents
nothing but savings to the mem
bers of cooperatives.
Former Congressman Jerry
Voorhis, representing the Coopera-
tive League of the USA argued
the same point even more eloquent
ly. He told the committee "the So
called tax advantage which coop
eratives are alleged to have van
ishes into thin air in the light of
the real facts"
Voorhis denounced as utterly
false" the charges that coopera-
tives were escaping legitimate
taxes or concealing any thing from
the people. Cooperatives are re-
quired to pay, and do pay every
tax that any other business pays
under the same laws and the same
rates as other businesses, Voorhis
asserted. He said there was no
exemption in the law for coopera-
tives except for a comparatively
minor provision about farm coop
eratives.
eff any business-quite regardless
Of whether it is a cooperative" !"
Voorhis said, "binds itself to pay
patronage refunds to it's patrons
the universal rule is that that bust
ness cannot in justice be taxed
upon monies over which it holds no
ownership and which cannot there
fore possibly be regarded as income
to it,"
Any attempt to apply different
rule to cooperatives than the gen
eral rule applying to all business,
Voorhis warned, would be "rank
discrimination"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Miners Bureau TO
Investigate All
Fatal Accidents

Washington, d. C. ILNS). =
Strengthening its accident-preven-
tion work, the Bureau of Mines
plans to investigate every fatality
in the nations coal mines, Secre-
tary of the Interior Oscar L. Chap
man announced here.
These studies will be made by
the bureaus coal mine inspectors.
Their purpose will be to learn the
facts, determine the cause, and
make recommendations for guard
ing against similar accidents. In
the past, the bureau has investi-
gated all major coal mine disast-
ers-those in which 5 or more men
are killed-and published its find
ings. Only occasionally, however,
has it Investigated single fatalities.
Secretary Chapman attributed
the former policy to several fac
tors. Among these, he mentioned
the small number of federal in
spectors in former years, the large
number of fatal accidents in coal
mines, and the difficulty of learn
ing of isolated fatalities quickly
enough for an inspector to reach
the scene before conditions pre-
yailing at che time of the accident
had changed.
There are now more federal coal
mine inspectors than a few years
ago, and the number of fatalities
has dropped sharply-593 in 1949
compared with thousand or more
in earlier years.
New Policy's Advantages
One of the advantages seen in
the investigation of all fatalities is
that it will give the bureaus in
spectors a chance to discuss accid-
ent prevention with operators and
miners at time when it is likely
to do the most good. 1t will also
increase the knowledge of the
causes Of accidents upon which the
bureaus safety educational work
is based.
"We know the causes of coal
mine accidents in a general way"
Chapman said, "falls of roof and
face, hauIage, explosives, gas and
dust explosions, and so on. But we
feel that if we can learn in detail
the exact conditions and practices
that lead to individual fatalities
the kind of accidents which seldom
make headlines, but which in the
aggregate take a far heavier toll
Of life than major disasteTs-we
shall be in position to give sound
er and more effective accident
prevention advice to operators and
miners than in the past"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
SCHOOL HEADS LAUD
LABOR ESSAY CONTEST

Detroit (LPA)-The essay con-
test on "What Part Will Organized
Labor Play in My Life Tomorrow
has been officially approved by the
school board. Posters and informa-
tion leaflets on the contest, spon-
sored by the Michigan Federation
of Labor, have gone to most De-
troit and Michigan high schools.
Said DR.. Stanley Diamond of the
school board: eve should be teach
ing more about labor unions in our
classrooms." Said a high school
principal, "The unions are a power
full factor in modern life which the
textbooks mostly ignore. The dang
er is that the teachers might ignore
them too"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Wood Heads Missouri LLPE

Jefferson City, Mo. LPA) Reub-
en- T. Wood, president of the State
Federation of Labor, was elected
president Of the Missouri Labor's
League for Political Education at
meeting here attended by rs
delegates. Frank Murphy, state
federation secretary-treasurer, was
elected LLPE secretary-treasurer
Trustees are: Ralph Lake, Kansas
City; Guy Upton, st. Louis; and
John |. Rollings, st. Louis. The
four members at large of the ex-
ecutive council arc Lloyd Weber
st. Louis; Lon Oliver, Kansas City;
Mel Shassere, st. Louis, and War
rem Welsh, st. Joseph. A recent
spot check Of Is typical locals anc
councils in st. Louis showed al
active grass roots" movement tc
get the members registered ano
organized for political action.
Ask for Union Labeled merchan.
disA
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Union To Pay Insurance Premiums:
Hits Tactics Of ChrysIer Corp.

Detroit (LPA) - The Chrysler
Corp. is playing childish propa-
ganda games instead of bargain
ing, the United Auto Workers de-
clared in it's reply to the corpora
tion's charge that the union is de-
laying negotiations by presenting
contract change proposals. The
Corporation has now presented de-
mands for improvements" in the
contract, thus abandoning it's pre-
vious position that the contract
was not now open for changes.
The union declared it is and has
been willing to discuss any further
offer on pensions, but Chrysler has
not made any proposal other than
the first offer, which was discuss
ed and rejected as unsound and un-
workable, and which led to the
walkeut of $4,000 workers.
The union scored as false Chry-
sler's statement that the union has
made 189 demands. "The corpora
tion arrived at this figure" ex-
planned the union, "by counting
each one of SO inequities among
the approximately 700 wage classi-
fications, plus multiplying each
proposal by a because the union
has contracts. Actually there are
only 78 clauses in the whole con-
tract covering production workers.
There were 10 basic demands made
by the union"
JAW also announced Feb. %
that it will pay the Blue Cross and
Blue Shield premiums for March
for all Chrysler strikers who carry
this insurance coverage. The union
acted after Chrysler refused to as
sure Blue Cross that it would make
deferred collections from the work
ers after the strike is settled. If
Chrysler had agreed, Blue Cross
would have continued the insurance
in effect, so all Chrysler workers
and their families would have been
protected. The Blue Cross proposal
would have cost Chrysler nothing,
the union pointed out, since the
workers pay the full amount them
selves. Chrysler was not asked to
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Fair Deal
(Confinped From Page One)

loans.
2. State minimum wage legisla-
tion to cover workers not protected
by federal legislation.
8. More liberal aid to dependent
children, and expanded school
lunch programs.
A. An expanded program for re-
habilitating physically handicapp-
ed.
5. Social insurance for totally
disabled workers and their depend
ents.
6. Universal coverage and ex-
panded benefits under the old age
insurance section of the social
security law.
Z. An expanded hospital con-
struction program, federal aid for
the training of doctors and nurses,
and an expanded public health pro-
gram.
The committee found a need for
providing more adequate medical
care for low-income families. But
its solution for the problem was
only to suggest the development of
"a comprehensive program, based
upon the voluntary cooperation of
public and private agencies, which
will permit all persons who so de-
sire to participate in a system of
health insurance"
This fell far short of the recon-
mendations of many witnesses be-
fore the committee for national
health insurance.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
BY DONALD WOODS
For Labor Press Association

Washington UPA) = The Ma
tional Tax Equality Association,
front for big business, has launch
ed a new drive in Congress for tax
ing cooperatives-but it took
beating both before and after the
launching.
Just the day before the NTEA
went before the House Ways anC
Means Committee in an all-out eff
fort to put cooperatives out o1
business, the House Small Busi
ness Committee issued a report
blasting it for operating under
false pretenses.
The Small Business committee
headed by Rep. Wright Patman Cd
Tex.) reported the NTEA and its
affiliated National Associated Bus
inessmen, Inc, claimed to speal
for small business but were chief
ly financed by big business. The re-
port said the two organization
were "very intimately connected
with NAB operating as "grass-
roots front" for NTEA.
Both organizations were accused
by the Small Business Committed
of making "evasive" reports tc
Congress on their financing, anC
the committee found much evidence
of contributions from big business
Analysing the reports of NTEA
contributions for the first quarter
of 1949, the Committee found that
of 43 contributors of more thar
$500 each, Is were public utility
companies, and for the third quar-.
ter ID out of 81 big contributors
were public utility companies.
Lobby reports do not show, the
committee reported, how much Of
NTEA's or NAB's financing comes
from small business and the NTEA
has "studiously avoided providing
this information to the committee
Despite this report, the NTEA
and the NAB went before tn,
Ways and Means Committee as
spokesmen for small business. They
led "claque" of several hundred
people who crowded the big com.
mittee room and applauded each
speaker until the committee threat
ened to throw them out.
Their spokesmen testified that
cooperatives were doing $17,000,-
100000 of business and escaping
taxes of about $600,0O0, COO year
They contended that cooperatives
were driving legitimate business
into bankruptcy by virtue of a
"loophole" in the tax laws permit
ing cooperatives to escape taxes.
Though witnesses posed as small
businessmen, they made their SYM
pathies clear by attacking Patman
as "an enemy. Most legitimate
small businessmen recognize Pat
man as friend.
The next day this testimony of
the NTEA and NAB witnesses was
blasted by spokesmen for the CO.
operatives and Patman himself
Patman noted although it pretend
ed to speak for small business the
NTEA "never fights monopoly
but centers its attack on coopera-
tives. He called it a spokesman foI
big business.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
NLRB Sponks
CONTINUED From Page One)

al by the Board.
While the new orders in no way
change Denham's situation under
the Taft-Hartley act, they amount
to public spanking. NLRB spokes-
men denied that the orders were in
any way connected with the gener-
al counsePs recent speeches attack
ing board members for being
Wagner act minded" and said
they were the result of conversa-
tions between Denham and the
board last fall. However, the best
Interpretation seemed to be that
the board was deliberately needing
Denham.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

pay out or even advance any
money. The union will pay the pre-
miums, estimated at 100000, from
the strike fund and strikers will
not be required to repay. Those
who made direct payments for
March will get refunds.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

separate eases in which the Justice
Dept has asked the Supreme Court
to reverse or vacate judgements
where it was convinced that civil
rights had heen evadcd or nullified
in cases won by the US govern
ment.
Two immediate problems, Perl
man told the conference, are to
erect machinery to administer ade-
uuate, day-to-day enforcement Of
civil rights, and the need to work
out "a fair accommodation" be
tween the demands of national Sc
curity and the principle of freedom,
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18

ka Roekpit
Bonnie Lee Rogers, three-year-
old son of Mr.. and Mrs. Calvin
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18

|out Ok'd
commission
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18
4 - - -

Q1e:
PRICE TEN CENTS
VOL XVII, NO. IL
.PdnelistIC
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18
ASO5~A9S SAO4 4sAS1d1AQ St.,
Locka, was drowned Wedne
afternoon when he fell mi

rOcKpIt near ms home.
Two boys who had been play
ing with him on the shore of the
lake ran to neighbors, who called
police. 1t was As minutes before
his body was found and efforts
to revive him were futile.
This was the second drowning
in tho 1nlr0 -.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18
9Hf64H44l0

r 1t Nos Mutamur In Ills
lAY, NOVEMBER Is, 1850
+ CHEST
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18
Mr.. Ogebe Ogbu will be tt
guest panelist on this weeks rs

uIU pIUBId IH SpOIISUI0u ny IIIS
Campus Council on Intergroup
Relations. Mr.. Ogbu comes from
Nigeria, West Africa and at the
present time is attending Bethune
Goodman College in Daytona
Beach, Fla. He is practice teach
ing at Booker T. Washington
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18
Row nrnwlne In nna La

~ ~V"uV
DeIto AirIines Port,
Musician, Compose
Morticion, chiropro
Z-z-z-z, 5-r-r-r, 8uz-z-z-z!
That murmuring you hear is a
sleeping man carrying on a
dream that is one continuous
monologue. 1t goes something
like this:
aO Y
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18

-!
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18

styied now is certainly not cor
rect Tor your features Yes
on - III carry those bags for
you How about letting me trv
ana get that kink out of vo,,r
snouioer? Let's see now, If !
commune going to school for two
more years +" '"o
oucn mumbo Jumbo of
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18
AS
Ternpora n,

MIAMI. FLORIDA. sATURl
On .Sf11dpr]
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18

WOMAN GETS S
YEARS FOR
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18

combination of waist-lenof 9th
tresses and wringer on an cleo
trio washing machine caused the
death of Mrs. Dolly c. Baker. Sc
at her home here Last u,oalr
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18

.Inferraeial |
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18

Length Hair
Causes Her Death
CHICAGO r(ANpl TIL,
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18

By Boxing {
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1950-11-18
WUItIU De COnfuSinQ
!nost people, but to Allan p,

H very clear and definite.
because Allan not only works
t; az Deita Air Lines in Miami. full
.line, but ION the side" he's a col
Evening star., 1950-05-07
'ChrysIer Settlement Approved
BY Big Majority of Workers

in strike assistance before ChrySler
workers get their first pay checks.
The union reported that income
from its emergency strike assess
ment as of May 4, was So, ,16l ,124.54
The unions working members were
assessed 81 a week for a l2-week
period to help finance the strike
Negotiating With General Motors.
Mr.. Macy said 1T would be the
1st of July before collections of
the assessments would be virtually
completed" The assessment, when
completed. is expected to yield be-
tween $6 million and 81 million.
Funds not used in the Chrysler
and other current UAW strikes
will be placed in the unions strike
fund. Mr.. Macy said.
The JAW now is negotiating for
a new contract with General Mo-
tors Corp. Its present contract
expires May %.
MA. MARCY gave tile 1OklOWlnR
breakdown on funds spent SO far
in the Chrysler strike: Direct do
nations to local unions, $2,408,-
014.57; Blue Cross and Blue Shield
insurance premiums, $532,ll1.Ol:
newspaper advertising. $50,6l1.46:
radio time. $2,670.61; miscellane-
Gus. meeting halls. leaflets. ETC.,
'S7.983.47.
Evening star., 1950-05-07
By the Assoeio,sd Press

DETROIT. May g. Chryslel
workers today were ratifying by
whopping majorities the CIC
United Auto Workers strike settle
ment with Chrysler Corp.
Completed votes in 27 UAW
Chrysler locals across the country
showed majorities ranging from
81 to 98 per cent.
the job Monday.
Formal acceptance by union
membership Of the new contract
was required to clear the way 70,
IS. 900 employees to get back on
the job Monday.
The contract. ending a 100-day
strike. was signed by company
and union representatives Thurs
day morning. It provides $100-a-
month pensions, including social
security, and other benefits.
Factories Put in Shape.
Maintenance workers and ma
chine repairmen put key Chrysler
plants in shape today to permit
resumption of production Monday
UAW Secretary-Treasurer Emil
Macy announced the interna-
tional union had spent more than
I$3 million to help ChrySler
strikers. He estimated an addi.
tional 81 million would be spent