davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-01-15

service was the fatal shooting of
President Garfield in a railroad
station here on July 2, 1881.
He was shot by a frustrated
Government job seeker and his
death reused the American people
toward getting rid of the spoils
system. Impatience became in
dignation, and when President
Garfield died three months later
from the effect of his wounds, he
was called a martyr to the spoils
system.
On January 16, 1888, President
Arthur signed the act establishing
the civil service merit system. And
that is the anniversary that Gov
ernment employees will celebrate.
During the 81 years since the
act was signed, the civil service
merit system has gradually been
strengthened. Despite the fact
that the civil service system has
its shortcomings and imperfec-
tions. the American public knows
it to be far superior to the old
spoils system. Both the Demo-
cratic and Republican Parties
have long been on record as sup
porting it.
While some politicians may
grumble in private over loss of
patronage opportunities, none of
them would dare make these pro-
tests in public. Civil service is
here to stay.
OUTSTANDING-It's generally
agreed that Of all the Civil Service
Commissioners during the last 81
years, three men have been the
most outstanding.
They are Theodore Roosevelt,
who served from 1889 to 1895;
Arthur S. Flemming, who served
from 1887 to 1948, and the pres
ent commission chairman. Harry
B. Mitchell, who has been its chief
for II years.
These men all compiled bril-
liant records. When Theodore
Roosevelt was a Civil Service Com
missioner, the spoils system advo-
Gates were by no means licked.
They regarded the civil service act
as a new tangled law" that could
be repealed.
However, they reckoned without
the Rough Rider" Roosevelt
was outspoken in his defense of
the civil service system and bit
Evening star., 1950-01-15
Comment
CONTINUED From First Page.)

gress and the Nation could have
confidence"
He said his demand for resigna-
tions was aimed chiefly at W..
Walton Butterworth, assistant
Secretary Of State for Far Eastern
Affairs.
"If the policies of the Far East
ern Division are approved by Sec
retary of State Acheson, the shoe
fits him, too," Senator Knowland
added.
Senator Bridges, Republican, of
New Hampshire. said the seizure
gives special argument" to Re-
publican demands that the United
States send arms and equipment
to the Chinese Nationalists under
Chang Kai-shek on Formosa. He
added that military mission also
should be sent to see that the
arms and equipment were used
effectively "just as we did in
Greece"
"The seizure" said Senator
Bridges. "is just one more ex-
ample of the utter disregard Of
the Communist for American
rights. Each time we appease
and retreat it increases their ap-
petite"
Chairman Kee of the House
Foreign Affairs Committee was
one of the Democrats suggesting
the United States should have
no diplomatic relations with the
Chinese Communists.
THE only thing to do." Mr.. Kee
said, sis simply to break off all
relations with the Communists
and get our people out. I don't
know of any alternative, unless
it would be to send in an army.
But that's an impossible task and
too big an adventure right now"
Connally Issues Statement.
| Chairman Connally of the SEN
ate Foreign Relations Committee
/ IN a statement issued last night
said:
THE Chinese Communist Gov
ernment is seeking diplomatic rec
ognition. No nation is entitled to
such recognition thai does rot
respect international law and does
not respect the representatives of
other governments and the rights
of their citizens. The Chinese
Communist Government must
make amends for it's utter disre-
gard of international obligations
Until it does so, there should be
and will be no diplomatic recogni-
ton.
International relations must be
based upon law. They must be
based upon respect for other ra-
tions. They must be based upon
regard for the rights of other ma
tions and other people. We shall
insist upon these fundamentals. u
Senate Majority Leader Lucas
said he saw nothing particularly
alarming in the situation. He
added that the action will make
relations "a little more strained
between the two countries.
Wants Chinese Reds OutIawed.
Senator Kefauver, Democrat, of
Tennessee suggested that the
Evening star., 1950-01-15

terly fought any attempts in
Congress or in the executive
branch to sabotage civil service
Without his ardent championship
civil service might not have sur
vived.
One story is told about Roose-
velt that illustrates his courage
and independence. When Con-
gress cut the Civil Service Com
MISSIONS appropriation requests
to hold civil service job examina-
tionS, Roosevelt announced that
the little money the commission
had on hand would be used to
hold. the examinations in the con-
gressional districts of members of
Congress who had voted to give
the commission more money. The
districts of those members who
voted against the commission
would just be out of luck-the
constituents there would have no
chance to take the tests.
P.S. Congress quickly voted the
commission all the money it, asked
X
TOUGH DAYS-The careers of
the commissions two other great
commissioners, Arthur S. Flem-
ming, now president of Ohio
Wesleyan University, and Harry
B. Mitchell, can almost be told
jointly. This Is because they
served together most of the time
during the period of the COM
missions most trying assign
ments.
The vast climb in Federal en-
ployment from 1888 on imposed
great new responsibilities. From a
Federal employment of about 50O,-
600, a peak Of more than $500, 900
Government workers was reached
during the war years. All this put
greater burdens than ever before
on the commission, which was
called on to grapple with entirely
new personnel problems.
The commission came through
Evening star., 1950-01-15
Johnson Stresses Plan
To Drop Civilian Workers

Secretary of Defense johnson
said last night that the Defense
Department. which already has
dismissed $4,000 civilian en-
ployes who he said had no place
in Government, last night re-
peated his plans to release addi-
tional workers.
Mr.. johnson, a West Virginian
was the chief speaker at a dinner
given by the West Virginia So
ciety at the Mayfower Hotel.
He did not state how many
are to be dismissed, but said the
department will "let out more
WPA workers and save money"
Evening star., 1950-01-15

Chinese Communists be classified
as outlaws and that this coun-
try cease to do business with
them"
Senator Mcmahon, Democrat,
OF Connecticut observed:
IF this is move toward fore
ing recognition, they are making
a great mistake"
Senator Hickenlooper, Repub-
lican, of Iowa, a member of the
Foreign Relations Committee.
saw the seizure as a warming
against the United States rush
ing into recognition" of the Com
munist regime.
II think" he added, "that it is
the natural result of a vacillating
policy over the last few years. We
are continuing the same policy in
Formosa.
= Policy Change Doubted.
Senator Ferguson. Republican,
OF Michigan, doubted the seizure
would bring about any change in
the administrations policy, an.
nounced January S, of denying
further assistance to the Chinese
Nationalists.
I'm pretty we'll convinced" he
remarked, that the administra-
ton by press release on January
5 washed its hands of the matter"
The announcement gave added
interest to the meeting scheduled
for January rs by the Senate For
eign Relations Committee for
questioning of Secretary of De-
fense johnson and Gen. Omar
Bradley, chairman of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff, on the strategic
Importance of Formosa in this
country's defense plans.
Over the resistance of Senator
Connally, the committee decided
to call the defense leaders for an
examination of the Formosan
situation.
1t was expected that the seizure
by the Chinese Communist OF the
consulate at Peiping would erupt
In further debate when the Sen
ate meets Tuesday after a week.
end recess.
Evening star., 1950-01-15
College, Stenographer,
Missing -Four Days,
Found Slain in Woods
By the Associoted Press

LANCASTER, Pa. Jan. A
Pretty Marian Louise Baker. 81
year-old college stenograpller miss
ing since Tuesday was found slain
today, DR.. c. P. Stehr, Lancaster
County coroner reported.
The body of Miss Baker was
found under summer cottage on
the farm of Attorney Martin H.
Harnish of Lancaster. Her head
was Dashed in, Corpl. James Cain
of the State Police reported.
Miss Baker, whose engagement
to Edgar B. Rankin, %, Of nearby
Conestoga, was announced Christ
mas eve. was a stenographer at
Franklin g. Marshall College. She
was last seen on downtown Lam
caster street Tuesday by a news
man.
Attorneys Wife Finds Body.
Mrs. Frances Harnish, wife of
the attorney. found the body today
as she went out to place bones and
food for animals around the cot
tage.
Mrs. Harnish said she noticed al
mark on the ground that looked as
If a motorcycle had been dragged
along toward the rear of the
cottage. Seeking possible damage
she stopped to look under the rear
of the building, constructed on a
slope and raised by stills in the
back.
Saw Fresh FootwOrk.
Mrs. Harnish then saw a fresh
footmark, she said, and i'm
mediately remembered newspaper
stories of the missing girl.
Terrified, she added, "I just had
to see what was under the debris.
She looked, saw the body and
screamed.
Her husband ran to her side.
The couple called police.
DR.. Stehr ordered the body re-
moved to Lancaster General Hos
pital for an autopsy. He said
there was no evidence that the
girl had been raped. He expressed
belief she had been struck by a
heavy instrument. A small hole
was found in the back of the head
but DR.. Stehr said it is not a
bullet hole.
The coroner estimated the girl
had been dead since Tuesday
night.
Evening star., 1950-01-15

amphitheater they said that the
dressing rooms will be under the
stage, saving valuable space. The
stage floor will be concrete, but
with arrangements for laying a
wooden floor on top of it for bal
let and dance numbers.
The orchestra pit will be out of
direct view of the audience and
below the stage line.
Shelters with a capacity of g.
500 persons will offer protection
against sudden showers. The
shelters will be supported upon
stone piers and steel columns.
Native stone will be used in the
theater. 1t will not be altogether
rustic in appearance. Limestone
Evening star., 1950-01-15
Amphitheoter Plans Approved; To Be Ready in June

Completed architectural draw
ings for the new amphitheater in
Rock Creek Park, near Seven
teenth street and Colorado ave-
nue. NV, have been approved by
the Fine Arts Commission, 1t was
announced yesterday by Edward
Boykin, director of the National
Capital Sesquicentennial Com
mission.
Supt. Irving c. Root of the Ma
tional Capital Parks now is di-
recting preliminary construction
work on the amphitheater. The
land has been cleared and water
and sewer facilities are being in
stalled. Park officials hope to call
Evening star., 1950-01-15

will be used to suggest the formal
design which is characteristic of
other public buildings in the CITY,"
Now under construction are two
parking lots with a capacity for
720 automobiles. A semi-circular
driveway is being built west of
Colorado avenue for taxis and
busses. There will be rustic walk
from the entrance to the amphi-
theater. A service road will lead
directly to the rear of stage from
Morrow Drive.
The commission has allocated
100000 for the amphitheater
which will become a permanent
part of the Washington park sys-
tenn.
Evening star., 1950-01-15
De Gosperi Forming Cabinet
BY ihe Assoeioted Press

ROME, Jan. IA. - Alcide de
Gasperi, the leader Of five Italian
postwar governments, was trying
tonight to form a sixth.
The 68-year-old chieftain of the
majority Christian Democrat Par
ty was asked by President Luigi
Elnaudi today to submit list of
cabinet members for the new gov
ernment.
Evening star., 1950-01-15

with flying colors and has received
full credit from both Democrats
and Republicans.
This doesn't mean that mis-
takes have not been made and
that the civil service system is not
in need of some extensive stream
lining and improvement. But the
civil service system has overcome
its shortcomings in the past and
all indications point to further
improvements in the years ahead.
In fact. considerable moderniza-
ton of civil service probably wiz
take place within the next <i9
months.
CAPITAL ROUNDUP This
Executive Council of the AFI.
American Federation of Govern
ment Employees will hold it's semi
annual four-day meeting in the
Hotel Statler starting Thursday
f. The pros and cons on how
Government jobs should be al
located will be discussed at 7::30
pm. Tuesday by the Society for
Personnel Administration at the
Archives Auditorium. The speak
ers will be Ross Pollock of the
Civil Service Commission, Admiral
Wilson Harwood of the Office Of
Naval Research, Robert Fredlund
of General Services Administra-
ton and Herbert Thurman of the
Veterans Administration T.. Rus
sell M. King, chief of the Bureau
Of Yards and Docks blueprint and
photo-reproduction section, has
reached the 40-year mark there.
Mr.. King, who holds the Navy
Departments civilian meritorious
service award, will soon be pre-
sented with the Navy's special 40
year award =. The Society for
the Advancement of Management
will meet at 7:30 pm. Tuesday in
the Interdepartmental Auditorium.
Speakers will include Leo L. Mill
er of the Federal Security Agency,
Herbert E. Stats of the Treasury
Department and Ben Posner Of
the National Labor Relations
Board.
fThe Federal Spotlight radio
program featuring additional
ne1os and Uie1Os of the Gouern-
ment is heard each Saturday at
Gas pm. ouer WMAL, The Star
statiOn.)
Evening star., 1950-01-15

for bids soon for construction of
other phases of the work to be
done by private contract.
The saucer-shaped amphithea-
ter is to be completed by June Is.
1t will be the scene of the pre-
miere of Paul Green's symphonic
drama which will be based on
George Washington's life. 1t is
to be one of the highlights of
the Sesquicentennial.
Mr.. Boykin and park authori-
ties said the plan is to give every
occupant of the theater IAN equal
opportunity of seeing and hearing
all stage presentations" in the
4,000-seat amphitheater.
In announcing features of the
Evening star., 1950-01-15

civil S e r v / c e
wasn't always
the case. It re-
quired a tragedy
to stir the
American public
into demanding
the outlawing of
the spoils sys-
tenn in Govern
ment employ
ment.
T he e We n t
which climaxed
a 50-year fight
to establish a
r e era1 civil
Evening star., 1950-01-15
Temperatures in Various Cities.
High. Low, High Low
Conrudi to Give Recital

Austin Conrad. concert pianist,
will give a recital in the audi
torium of Dunbarton College of
Holy Cross at 4 o'clock this after
noon for alumni and friends of
the college.
Evening star., 1950-01-15
The Federal Spotlight
Civil Service Ready to Observe
9th Anniversary This Week
The Federal Spotlight
By Joseph Young

Tomorrow marks the start of National Civil Service Weekhe
67th anniversary Of the signing of the act which
Service Commission and established the merit system Government
employment.
The week will be sauted with speeches by leading
Congress Government officials. Various
Evening star., 1950-01-15
Subway Ventilation

Subways are partially ventilated
by the piston action of trains
driving the air through the tubes.
Evening star., 1950-01-15

Social gatherlngS VIII be held Wlth
many of Washington's high Of
ficials in attendance.
This universal acceptance of
Evening star., 1950-01-15

fThe Federal Spotlight radio
program featuring additional
rae1Os and Uie1US of the Gouern-
n1ent is heard each Saturday at
GAS pm. oDer WMAL, The Star
station
Evening star., 1950-01-15

High and Low for Yesterday.
High, 60, at 1850 am.
Low, 40, at 1000 pm.
Record Temperatures Last YEAR.
Highest, 81, on August IL.
Lowest, 2l, on January 80.
~ Tide Tables.
~ rrit.l
Evening star., 1950-01-15

-4
.
Evening star., 1950-01-15

This edition contains This
Weeks Magazine of 80 pages, a
16-pdge comic section and is
pages of rotograUure.
Evening star., 1950-10-24
-Four 9th Army Divisions Likely
To Quit Korea by Christmas

almost impossible because Allied
forces were still fighting off des-
perate Communist efforts to end
the campaign by capturing Pusan.
Gen. Macarthur himself her
aided the rapid conclusion of the
campaign and removal of Amer
lean forces by saying, "the war is
very definitely coming to an end"
The statement was made Friday
after he supervised a paratroop
jump that closed a trap around
North Korean forces north of
Pyongyang. Since then organized
resistance mas decreased rapidly.
But the withdrawal of the
American units and their equip
ment will take considerable time.
The Americans must be gathered
from all of the peninsula.
The sources said the 9th Army
will return to occupation duty in
Japan. 1t will be maintained at
considerably higher strength than
before the Korean war.
Evening star., 1950-10-24
Pasadena Firm Drops
Out Of $40 Million
IAiom Patent Suit I
BY the Associated Press

PASADENA, Calf, Oct. 24.-Dr.
Gabriel M. Giannini, Pasadena
manufacturer. announced yester-
day that because of the disap-
pearance of DR.. Bruno Pontecorvo,
Italian-born British atom scien-
list, the Giannini concern has re-
nounced it's interest in a $40 mil
lion A-bomb patent suit.
DR.. Pontecorvo, who may have
gone to Russia with his family
was one of seven Italian research
ers, including the nuclear physi-
cist, DR.. Enrieo Fermi, who in 1910
were awarded an American patent
on certain basic procedures in
production of atomic explosives.
DR.. Giannini, a former associate
OF DR.. Fermi at the University of
Rome, had agreed that his con-
Germ, G. M. Giannini & Co. OF
Pasadena and Springfield, N. J..
would represent the seven in their
patent claims for which the Gian-
mini interests would receive a one
eighth interest. The company
manufacturers secret instruments
The Giannini company last Au-
gust filed the $40 million suit
against the United States Govern
ment in the Court of Claims at
Washington, claiming damages
under the patent for use of atomic
products and bombs up to August
!. 1916, when the Atomic Energy
Commission took over atomic pat
ents generally,
Evening star., 1950-10-24
plies to exchange with each other
in time of emergency.

plies to exchange with each other
in time of emergency.
Standard Treatment Of Burns.
3. That NsRB make public a
standard treatment of burns so
this preparation could be stock
piled without spelling and could
be used anywhere in the country
in an emergency.
4. That NSRB standardize
equipment and policies on blood
typing and blood banks so the
health officers will know whether
or not to start mass blood typing
DR.. Getting predicted that bleed
ing teams of trained laymen will
have to be developed to take blood
in an emergency and that equip
ment will have to be improvised
He added that in his State plans
are already under way to use soft
drink bottles as blood containers.
More Active Role Urged.
5. That the Public Health serv-
ice and the States should take a
more active part in investigating
air borne diseases and air pollu-
ton, including possible germ war
fare, air borne chemicals and
peacetime poisons produced
through manufacture. He recalled
the recent smog deaths in Denora,
Pa.
6. That the medical aspects of
Pathological chemicals and bac-
THEOLOGICAL defense should be
handled entirely by the medical
and health services of State civil
defense units.
7. That there be complete ex-
change of information between
the Federal Government and the
States and among the States on
the development of medical pro-
grams.
Evening star., 1950-10-24
By Russell Brines
' SSS
.ssoeioted Press Foreign Correspondent


TOKYO, Oct. Informed
sources said today most American
troops may be out of-Korea by
Christmas.
They said Gen. Macarthur ex-
poets the first elements of the 9Th
Army to begin moving back to
Japan by Thanksgiving.
All four divisions of the 9th
Army and perhaps other American
units should be out of the Korean
Peninsula by Christmas, the in
formants added.
British and most other Allied
units also presumably will be
withdrawn as quickly as possible.
The informants said the time
schedule depends on the swift
elimination of organized Red
Korean resistance. They said
American forces would remain in
Korea as long as they are needed.
| TIE battle-hardened South Ko-
rean Army is believed capable of
maintaining law and order after
formal Red resistance ends.
Both Gen. Macarthur and Pres
ident Truman have said Allied
forces would be withdrawn as
soon as possible to permit the Ko-
reans to manage their own af-
fairs. Gen. Macarthur repeatedly
stressed the necessity of this at
his Wake Island conference with
the President. He argued that a
prolonged occupation would pro-
duce repercussions among the
proud Koreans.
No date has been set for the
new Korean election ordered by
the United Nations. Gen. Mac
Arthur, it is understood, believes
it may be possible to hold one
around the first of the year.
The general told his staff Off
GERS several weeks ago that hos
tilities would be over by Thanks
giving, the informants said. At
that time the forecast seemed
Evening star., 1950-10-24
Eisenhower for Limited
Aiming Of West Reich
By the Associated Press

CHICAGO, Oct. "a. - Gen
Eisenhower says he is in favor OF
rearming Western Germany, "but
with restrictions so they wouldn I
be serious threat to France"
"Traditionally Japan and Ger
many have been the balancing
powers" he told a press confer
ence yesterday. so if we could
get West Germany into our camp
1t would be tremendous thing in
our favor"
Discussing Asia, he said: I'VE
can't do this job alone. We can't
have forces stationed all around
the world. If we do, we become a
bunch of imperialists."
He told the newsmen the Ma
tion needs an armed force of
million men, and added. I'VE can
not compete for them with in
dustry; we must face the problem
of universal military training be-
ginning at age 49," He estimated
such program would supply two
thirds of the armed force required
the additional third to be made up
of professional soldiers.
The general, who is president OF
Columbia University, said he has
not been offered the command of
the Atlantic pact armies.
Evening star., 1950-10-24
Health
CONTINUED From First Page. }

cuse them of taking chances,
ridiculous as that sounds and isl
Mr.. Ewing added. And as civil
defense programs get under way,
I assure you we will have to take
many much longer chances. For
the mass effort on which we must
depend. can never be built if each
man looks upon his neighbor as a
potential enemy spy"
Mr.. Ewing warned:
If our country is really so rid
died with malcontents and traitors
that we must examine each mans
lnnermost thoughts before we give
him a responsible part in our de-
tense program, then we are in
deed in danger; and no loyalty
oaths, thought-control laws or
elaborate clearances can save u.s."
Warns Against Relaxing.
Mr.. Ewing told the health off,
GERS that I'VE dare not relax" as
long as there is the remotest pos
slbility that an American COM
munity can be transformed into
a devastated area with thousands
OF wounded and frightened civil:
ians.
At the same time. however, Mr..
Ewing declared that while civil
defense preparations are import
ant the country cannot afford
to neglect other public health pro-
grams which are equally important
to the Nations successful survival.
DR.. Getting said that recon-
mendations will be presented to
the Surgeon General of the Public
Health Service and the Associa-
tion of State and Territorial
Health Officers at the final session
of its week-long health conference
Friday.
Among other things, the Civil
Defense Committee wants NSRB
to decide whether or not every
man. woman and child in the Ma
ton should have his blood typed.
Would Curb Depletion of Staffs.
DR.. Getting said the committee
will make these other recon-
mendations:
l. That the State Medical Ad-
visory Committees of Selective
Service should decide which pub
lie health programs, jobs and in
dividuals are essential and that
during limited mobilization, pub
lie health stats should not be
depleted by more than 20 per cent
at any one time. It will be further
recommended that during COM
plete mobilization no more than
"a per cent of the public health
stats should go to war.
2. That the NSRB Immediately
issue standard list of medical
supplies and equipment that might
be stockpiled so that all the
States would have the same sup