davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
SiebenbuÌˆrgisch-Amerikanisches Volksblatt. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1917-1971, 1950-08-24
This and That from Washington
BY congressman Frances P. Bolton

A year ago there was held IN
"A Strasbourg a dramatically his
toric meeting upon which l re-
SiebenbuÌˆrgisch-Amerikanisches Volksblatt. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1917-1971, 1950-08-24

60 many are asking where the
~ vast sum of the tax payers
dollars have gone that l shall
Evening star., 1950-03-29
By Joseph A. Fox
Sfor Stoff Correspondent

KEY WEST, Fla, Mar. o.
President Truman has been drawn
into the role of a close-and no
doubt highly interested-observer
In the raucous Florida senatorial
race, by reason of his current vaca-
ton here, but the only White
House reaction to date might we'll
be summed up:
Candidate. keep away from my
door,"
Swinging from the ground are
Senator Pepper, Democratic in
cumbent for a decade and a half
who wants to stay longer, and
Representative Smathers, also
Democrat, and a 36-year-old vet
eran Of the Marine Corps, who
seeks higher things after two
terms in the House.
Both. according to political
wiseacres in this section. are look4
ing hopefully toward the Little
White House" for nod.
According to those who have
been in closest touch with the
situation, neither is going to
get 1t.
The campaign payoff comes in
Florida on May 2, when the all
decisive primary is held. The
President has reaffirmed his in
tention Of staying out of every
primary except that in his home
State OF Missouri.
Mr.. Smathers. in whose district
Evening star., 1950-03-29
By the Associofed Press

OAKLAND, Md, Mar. ga
29-year-old insurance salesman
convicted of pummeling his baby
son into insensibility was SEN
fenced to eight years imprison-
ment yesterday.
Circuit Judge Oliver H. Bruce,
jr., termed James Roscoe Walburn
lone of the worst sorts as he
set the penalty.
The baby, James Kenney WAL
burn, is now blind and some of his
brain cells have been destroyed.
DR.. Louis Manganiello, who treated
the 10-month-old boy in a Balti-
more hospital, said it is probable
the injuries resulted from the
beating. The child was hospital
lied several months.
Walburn was convicted of COM
mon assault. The State did not
press a charge of assault with
intent to kill which had been
placed against him.
Mrs. Therese Jeannette Wal
burn, 81. the defendants third
wife, said her husband whipped
the baby October 29-then S
months old-several times after
Evening star., 1950-03-29
Agreement Ayerts Strike
OF Sightseeing Bus Drivers

A threatened strike of sightsee-
ing bus drivers here Friday was
averted yesterday when new
agreement with two sightseeing
firms was reached by representa-
tives of about $50 AFL drivers.
The agreement, reached through
a bargaining committee of Local
1888, Association of Street Electric
Railway and Motor Coach EN-
ployes, is subject to ratification by
q full union membership. It will
be voted on at $3.50 pm. tomor-
row at the Dodge Hotel.
The agreement, with Sightsee-
ing, Inc, and Blue and Grey Sight
seeing Tours, Inc, provided for
higher mileage rates for charter
trips and increased ticket sales
commissions.
The charter rate will be raised
from 5.08 cents a mile to cents
and the hourly rate will apply if
it amounts to more than the mile
age rate on a charter trip. The
present hourly rate of $1.30, with
time e-and-a-half after eight hours
day or 48 hours week, is con-
tinued.
Evening star., 1950-03-29
Use Of Spare Parts
In Humans Promises
New Era in Medicine
By John F. Sembower
North American Newspaper Ailionce


CHICAGO, Mar. 29.-Discov-
cries have been made which in
dicate that physicians eventually
may be able to use spare parts"
of human beings and transplant
from one to another such vital
organs as lungs, kidneys or glands,
IN announcement from the labora-
tories of Presbyterian Hospital
here reveals.
A team of research physicians,
working on experimental animals
before they tackle the problem on
humans, appears to be knocking
at the door of a revolutionary new
era in surgical control OF disease.
involving not only the removal of
diseased organs as is done now,
but their actual replacement.
The announcement. made in
routine release of a research re-
port. pointed out that for a long
time "the subject of organ trans
plantation has had many Of the
aspects of riddle wrapped in an
enigma"
Frankenstein Legend Cited.
That medical scientists have
flirted with the possibility for
many years is indicated by the
legend of DR.. Frankenstein, who
supposedly took assorted parts of
human beings-dead in that in
stance-and tried to combine
them, with the unhappy result
that he created his monster.
"The problem is to keep the Or
gans alive" a medical scientist
explained. Development of the
transportation method follows in
line with blood and bone blanks"
and is much more complex than
the successful transfer of rela-
lively simple tissues such as the
cornea of the eye.
Organ transplantations." the
official report of the hospital
pointed out, would make it pos
sible to save or prolong the lives
of many individuals. Many dis
eases now can be controlled by
surgical removal of the affected
organs and tissues, but there Is a
limit TO the amount Of tissue
which can be removed without
endangering thS life of the pa
tient."
Russian Reports Unauthenticated.
During World War II, reports
persistently leaked out of Russia
that Soviet surgeons were sal
vaging" organs from soldiers
killed in battle and successfully
transplanting them to wounded
comrades.
However, none of these ever
has been authenticated, although
an American medical mission Wis
tied Russia soon after the war
and made q special effort to es-
tablish whether there was any
truth in them.
Consequently. it is believed in
medical research circles here that
the work at Presbyterian Hos
pital definitely is ION the frontier
of startling new developments"
Approaching the subject eau
tiously so as not to stir false
hopes, the, hospital announce
ment reported that the successful
transplant of the upper lobe of
dogs lung is considered to be
the break" in the long and
patient work on the problem.
Evening star., 1950-03-29
Truman Hiding Welcome Mat
From Florida Senate G Candidates

Key West lies. had hoped to get
down here this week, but decided
against it when repeatedly in
formed that he would not be re-
ceived at the Truman vacation
spot. This information comes from
declared Smathers supporters.
Senator Pepper, it is reported
authoritatively, also had hoped
for the word" but it was not
forthcoming.
Both will have chance to bid
for a place in the sun again
around April % when the Presi-
dent goes to Eglin Air Force Base
near Pensacola for an Air Force
demonstration. But White House
sources say that if either or both
show up there will be no demons
stration of presidential favor. !
Evening star., 1950-03-29
Father, 20, Gets 8-Yeor Term
For Beating Infant Sense|ess

they moved from Martinsburg
w. Va, to a mountain cabin near
Deep Creek Lake last fall.
She testified the baby was cry
ing. She said her husband
grabbed the child, shook him
then put the infant between his
legs and squeezed.
Walburn pleaded not guilty. He
said he was just playing with the
baby.
Court-appointed defense attor-
neys said the penalty was excess
sive and they would ask for a
new trial.
Evening star., 1950-03-29
Air Force Safety Chief
Starts Probing Crash
Fatal 10 Steinhardt
BY the Assoeioied Press

RAMSAYVILLE, Ont, Mar. 30.
The United States Air Force 5
top safety officer began an in
vestigation today into the ex-
plosion and crash of the United
States Embassy plane in which
American Ambassador Laurence
A. Steinhardt and four others
were killed yesterday,
Maj. Gen. Victor E. Bertrandias,
director of flying safety for the
Air Force, took a leading role in
the inquiry started by Canadian
police and Royal Canadian Air
Force officers shortly after the
tragedy.
The chief witness is the sole
survivor. M/Sergt. Gwynne A.
Long of Vannoy, N. c., who para
chuted from the flaming plane
just before it blew up and plowed
into a snoW-covered field near
here.
Suffering from shock and leg
injuries, Sergt. Long told investi-
gators last night that all aboard
the plane strapped on parachutes
after the right engine caught fire,
but that the other passengers "got
panicky and would not bail out"
Son of U. S. Minister Killed.
Among the four other victims
was Alan c. Harrington, 20, son
of Julian Harrington, the United
States Minister to Ottawa.
The r. c. A. F. investigators
said there was no indication of
sabotage. They explained that
fire in the engine could have
touched off an explosion in the
planes wing gasoline tanks.
The crash occurred a few min
utes after Mr.. Steinhardt and his
party left Rockcliffe Airport at
Ottawa on a business trip to New
York.
The others who died were:
Capt. Thomas G. Archibald. "a.
of Union Springs, Ala, pilot of
the plane and assistant air at
tache at the Ottawa Embassy.
1t. Col. Wayne F. Trueblood.
IS, Kansas City. Kans., attached
to the r. c. A. F. as an exchange
officer.
1t. Marcel Mark Belanger, 20,
New Bedford, Mass, an exchange
officer attached to the r. c. A. F.
Acheson Mourns Death.
In Washington. Secretary of
State Acheson yesterday issued
the following statement concern
ing the death of Mr.. Steinhardt:
"Mr. Steinhardt served with dis
tinction at a number of important
diplomatic posts since 1888 and
at the time of his death was
ably representing the United
States in Canada. His devotion
to duty and his keen intelligence
enabled him to make most val
liable contribution to the conduct
of foreign relations in the critical
years during which he served his
country. In his last assignment
he worked conscientiously for the
maintenance and strengthening of
the bonds of friendship between
the United States and Canada.
Throughout our association, I
had profound admiration for
his sincerity and his integrity. I
know that my sorrow for his un-
timely death is shared by his
many friends both in this country
and abroad who recognize and
appreciated his ability" s B
Evening star., 1950-03-29
Jet-Driven HeIicopter
Is Tested in Frunce

VERSAILLES, France. - The
first jet-propelled helicopter un-
derwent a successful test recently
at Villacoublay, near Versailles.
It's motor is driven by the reac-
ton to jet discharges from nozZles
below each blade. The usual heavy
transmission equipment is elimi-
mated.
Evening star., 1950-03-29
New York Mail Loud
|Neurs 10 Billion Pieces

NEW YORK.-The Post Office
in New York City operates one OF
the country's largest businesses
according to Postmaster Albert
Goldman.
During 1949 1t transported and
delivered more than 9.8 billion
pieces of mail. More than 3,733,-
600, 900 pieces of mail were
Cancelled.
Evening star., 1950-03-29
Lemon Tree Lives in North

CHILLICOTHE, H., (P.-The
Fred Gauwitz family has been
picking lemons off the same lemon
tree for % years. They tote the
tree and the tub it's rooted in
down to the basement each No
vember and up to the yard each
May.
Evening star., 1950-05-21

other. William j. Hamilton, Duff
campaign manager, is expected to
be elected chairman of the COM
mittee.
Duff, who presumably will come
to the Senate when the 82d Con-
gress meets, will come into regular
contact with Senator Taft-if
Taft is reelected as now seems
probable. So far there is no rea-
son to believe that Duff will be
antagonistic to Taft. The latter
has a record for standing for
many progressive measures. How
ever, if there should be a deter
mined attack upon the Taft
leadership in the Senate by some
of the progressive group in the
upper house, under the leadership
of Lodge of Massachusetts, and
Ives of New York. Duff might be
found joining them.
Convention Speculation
Gov. Duff will, of course,
become a junior Senator, if he
wins next fall. 1t is expected he
will control a majority of the
State delegation to the Republican
National Convention. But that he
can dominate the national con-
vention is a very different matter.
For example, should Gov. Dewey
run for a third term and be re-
elected next November, the New
York delegation, which is still
larger than Pennsylvania's, will
undoubtedly follow Dewey's lead,
and although Dewey himself could
not hope for a third presidential
nomination, he would have much
to say about the choice of a
nominee. Senator Taft, if re-
elected, will control Ohio's big
delegation. If Gov. Warren of
California wins reelection, he will
call the turn for the large number
of California delegates, and for
mer Representative Dirksen of
Illinois, should he defeat Senator
Scott Lucas, would have a great
deal to say about the Illinois dele
gates. All of these gentlemen
stand or fall by the election re-
turns in November, and until they
are counted, the picture will re-
main cloudy.
Duff's particular value in the
coming campaign is his ability to
get out and make a slashing cam
paign-plus his progressive back
ground. Republicans in Pennsyl-
vania gathered from the Duff
campaign that he intended to
take the party back to ideals of
Theodore Roosevelt. Duff picked
as his candidate for Governor and
running mate Judge Fine, who
also has a progressive background
(See LINCOLN Page C-5O
Evening star., 1950-05-21

rials. Prices are immaterial in
such a case as long as both ma
tions think they are getting
value.
Sweden, which produces very
special and refined steels, would
probably be under no initial
pressure to join a European
authority.
But whatever nations might
join a Franco-German combine
first would have to work out
agreements for control-how to
fit control with ownership or
how to take over ownership and
reimburse the owners, how to
erase tariffs among the member
nations on the combines steel
and coal, how to work out a sin
gle price. how to work out
uniform labor conditions.
After all that the various ma
tiorla1 legislatures would have to
approve the agreement as q
treaty.
Then would begin new trouble.
There has already been a sur
plus of German steel. The
United Nations Economic Com
mittee for Europe has predicted
Evening star., 1950-05-21
(See LINCOLN, Page C-50

The Atlantic pact nations last
week. in a single day of strong
action, abandoned a pattern of
slow, ponderous movement and
shifted into high-gear operation
with the creation of permanent
committee of deputies of the II
foreign ministers.
This committee, which has been
inaccurately reported t. be a high
command for all the Atlantic pact
nations, is more accurately de-
scribed as a civilian general staff.
Any public hope that the Western
Allies now have a single unified
command for all their armed
forces, ready to act in case of
trouble with the Russians, is ILL
founded. That command has not
yet been created and must await
the solution of a number of prob
lens.
But what we do have now that
we have not had before is a per-
Evening star., 1950-05-21

insure the fusion of markets
and the expansion of profits"
United States experts who be-
lieve that Schuman is actually
driving at better production and
selling methods, point out new
problems which will have to be
met.
They start with 1949 Euro
pean production of steel and
coal. For all Western Europe
should the whole area even
tually join the Schuman plan
1949 production was 42,307 ,406
tons of steel and 363.388.000
tons Of coal. Capacity for both
Is greater.
For France and Germany,
alone, should they be the sole
partners in the start of the
plan, steel production in 1e49
was 1895 900 tons and 1s7,-
404 900 tons Of coal.
Experts here think both Brit
ain and Sweden will be slow to
join a European high authority
for steel and coal. They say
Britain has several bilateral
agreements, under which she
sells steel and gets raw mate
Evening star., 1950-05-21

a European surplus of steel for
1853 of 8 million tons.
Steel experts in the United
States Commerce Department
say there will be no such a thing
as a true surplus of steel for
years to come. The world needs
all the steel 1t is capable of
turning out.
So the Schuman high author
ity will probably have to do
more than think of efficient
ways to manufacture. 1t will
have to find buyers who can
either pay in currencies that
Europe can use or furnish COM
modities to sell Europe that
Europe wants.
Suppose Britain stays outside
the European combine, if it
comes to be? Will dropping
European prices on Rhine Valley
steel hurt the British? Will it
hurt United States steel exports?
Government economists stick
! close to the old American idea
that mass production and lower
prices always result in greater
sales and higher volume profits.
Distributed by the Associated Press.
Evening star., 1950-05-21

manent working organization
composed of the representatives
of all the Atlantic Allies which
provides the one thing that the
Council of Foreign Ministers
could not provide-constant at
tention as group to Develop
ments in the cold war and con-
slant watchfulness for signs OF
more serious trouble.
The new group will come into
existence in the next few weeks.
1t will take its place in the mid
die of a rather complex organiza-
ton which, in order to function
properly, requires coordination
and liaison.
Under the Atlantic pact three
principal agencies are provided.
At the center is the Council of
Foreign Ministers, whose London
Conference has just ended. This
comprises all IL of the heads of
the foreign Offices of the Atlantic
Evening star., 1950-05-21
ms Move to Put Defense on Logical Basis

ters will be responsible directly
to the Council. 1t will maintain
a headquarters in one of the capi-
tails of the Atlantic alliance and
at that headquarters will be a
delegation from each country,
headed by the deputy of that
country's foreign minister.
The committee will not be in
daily session as such, but it will
meet in regularly scheduled meet
ings and can convene instantly
If the occasion demands.
The principal function of the
permanent committee will be to
act as a kind of civilian staff for
the alliance, performing those
operations which the headquarters
staff of any military organization
performs. Its chairman will be a
civilian. chosen by the IL deputies
when they are finally named and
meet to organize. Gen. Eisen-
hover, in his civilian capacity as
Evening star., 1950-05-21
J. Steel and Defense Mixed in New Pal
Pricing and Tariff
Problems Ahead
By Sierid Arne

Suppose by 1853 the world
can buy steel marked Franco
German" or rhine Valley" in
stead of Essen" or Lorraine" ="
What will it mean?
It will mean that the old war
antagonists since 1870-France
and Germany-have pooled the
resources with which they make
war. 1t will mean they have put
to work the current proposal Of
the French Foreign Minister,
Robert Schuman, to throw
European war-making indus
tries. beginning with the French
and German, under a single
high authority
1t might mean that the plants
would become so thoroughly
tangled in MANAGEMENT and
production that no single ma
tion could pull out again to
build war machine to be used
against the rest of Europe.
Some American experts think
it could mean more efficient
European production of steel,
less trade restraint, pooled re-
search, pooled marketing and.
as a result, lower steel prices for
the world. They think lower
steel prices would mean greater
sales, higher profits and gener-
ally a new step up for living
standards in the Western world.
Hobbies Warmaking
Foreign policy experts in
Washington point out that ever
since the Kellogg BRAND pact
of 1928 the world has had to
swallow an increasing number
of pious promises not to go to
war. Behind all the interna-
tional pledges for peace the va
rious nations were still left with
whatever war-making machines
they had.
Now France proposes, and
Germany through its new chan
cellor, Konrad Adenauer, finds
agreeable, a plan under which
neither nation would be left
with independent means for
building a war.
Both German and French
steel plants and coal mines are
still held by private owners.
What kind of agreement can be
worked out that will leave the
plants in private hands, and yet
shift the authority for produc-
tion schedules, buying and SELL
ing, to an international author
ity? Schuman said THE set
ting up of the high authority
in no way prejudges. the ques-
ton of ownership of the enter
prises."
There are skeptics in Wash
ington who wonder whether the
French plan is just not another
way to maintain the old cartel
pattern for European steel
makers.
Schuman's proposal seems to
answer that by saying. unlike
an international cartel. whose
purpose Is to divide up and ex-
plot national markets. through
restrictive practices, and the
maintenance Of high profits.
the projected organization will
Evening star., 1950-05-21
By Creston B. Mullins

Allies and its function is to over
see the whole field of defense
against aggression-particularly
Russian.
On the same level with the
Council of Foreign Ministers, but
lacking it's broad powers are two
committees-the Defense Com
mittee, composed of the defense
ministers of all the Allies, and
the Defense Finance and Eco
nomic Committee. composed of
the finance ministers of the Allies.
Subordinate to the Defense
Committee is the Military Com
mittee. composed of the chiefs
of staff of all the member ma
tions. Subordinate to them are
the five regional planning groups
all military men.
The new permanent committee
Iof deputies of the foreign minis
Evening star., 1950-05-21

president Of Columbia University
is most likely to get the job.
This general staff function is
one principally of coordination
and liaison between the Council
of Foreign Ministers and the De-
fense and Defense Finance and
Economic Committees.
All three of the top organiza-
tions are engaged in planning for
their own phase of the cold war.
The Defense Committee must pre-
pare the military organization and
the extent of it's preparedness for
trouble will be a major factor in
determining whether trouble
breaks out at all. If we hear puz-
zling predictions now that war is
not in the offing. those predictions
are founded on the belief that our
increasing preparedness to fight
will act as a deterrent to war.
The Defense Finance and Eco
nomic Committee, whose men,
bers are their countries finance
ministers. have their own job
namely. to find means of paying
for our military preparations and
to see that the cost of rearma-
ment does not exceed our capacity
to pay and does not wreck the
economies of the Western democ-
racies.
Conflict in Interests
The finance ministers are con-
cerned with seeing that the
economies of all the Atlantic Allies
not only are defended against un-
bearable rearmament costs, but
are strengthened as a bulwark
against Communist exploitation OF
such things as imitation and un-
employment. Economic weakness
is an invitation to Communist
agitation and infiltration at points
where defense can be seriously
jeopardized.
The plans of the Defense Com
mittee and the finance ministers
are not always compatible. Arms
are expensive and military prep
arations to meet the threat Of
war from power the size Of
Russia cannot be made without
vast outlays of money. All finance
ministers are inherently opposed
to enlargement of their govern
ment's national debts and huge
increases in taxes which are both
difficult to collect and have unset
tling political consequences.
This conflict between the mill
tary needs Of the Atlantic alli-
ance and the reluctance Of the
finance ministers to add to ma
tional burdens which in some
cases are already terrific was one
of the points of variance at the
London Conference. The military
men insisted that in order to pro-
vide adequate defense against
Russian aggression a certain de-
gree Of military expansion is nee
essary. The financial men. par
ticularly those from European
countries. insisted that their gov
(see PACT, Page Gao
Evening star., 1950-05-21
Making Germany q Partner
Is Slow and Devious Process
Western Powers First Have to Overcome
Aee-OId Prejudice and Fear; Pooling Of
Resources Is important Step
By Constantine Brown

number of people with political influence in America
still "hghtng Hitler, efforts Of Western
pocymakers of Western
a a -hedged partner devious and tmid
pool Western GERMANY by combnng the coal and steel indus