davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31

A new contract for Local
SIG, Dining Car Employees
Union, was signed Monday,
March q by the union and the
Or eat Northern Railroad,
which, according TO Hector P.
vAasar, GsnsrAl chairman Of the
uAioR. In n vast Improvement over
tire previous contract held BY tho
local for the past seven years. i
Some Of the new provisions
which will grant BENEFITS to the
employees are On follows: Is. D ID,
}" az DsAdASaalhG time Win hS
paid the same "a seENtcc houra.
~ The general scope rule has
been enlarged 10 include obsStVM-
ton car attendants without bar.
bers, lounge car attendants and
bArtendera when used exclusively
In such capacities, 3r.J.u o.
'i (SD An time Win b. paid for
when The train IL late coming
lntO the home terminal until slx
q. m. the following morning..
az When y waiter In promoted
70 q waiter in charge position. thu
Year, which he hAA spent a. q
walter will be included along with
the waiter An charge seFVice 10 de-
termine the rate % pay which viii
apply TO him. ,.,..f., .... '., 4" ..-
(Bp When reporting between
Q -. m ana q am, eEnPSOyCHS
win bs allowed . nslntnauEn u
two bo6rS even though no actual
Seryice b ParfOrmsd D ,a.,5.
IeD Ths mlnImumI number Of
hours allowed for stocking cars
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31

Air Force Corporal Donald
Gates. former teen.Rge columhist
or Juvenile live" fame IL back
home on furioQgh after IS mDnths
IN OkinmwtlH 3F'5TSHH n1 %, 20.
.a3 9II uu.t ~ D.. s0gHr.E .t.rs
"oldnawRS Tokyo end Manila
Were nice to See," said Cpl. Gates
Monday, out old Minnesota sure
looked good to me-" a., '." ~ q '. .'.l.
Aftef q months nfiougfi Ne has
IS more months pt Aervice. After
that back to school for him, Cpl.
Gales says. yuai .aJ tt,n .n.
Next week he has promised to
write q column on some Of his eE-
perieneeS In the Orient. so .'...
g f.slfT Iff /. "fE.a@& .|1F ~ y t..r
GataG In the sOn Of Mr.. and Mrs.
wins b. Gates, 3946 Second Ave.
So, Minneapolis. '" "I.' ..
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31

EXTINCTION by prpsidrnt Marvin.
The R'nAi Birth campus orEAni-
nation joined Negro and other
groups IN fighting this policy, and
consequently was Threatened With
extinction by Prcadent Marvin.
This action was labelled an anti
semetic move In The true Sense d
The %btd, since ht took no such
drastic action against other pro
testing groups. Rep Arthur Klein
,pf, New, YSrk, blaA.Ad ths1P TcSIdont
tpE, hlai tis'IIarT nF. iQoehhalA'i'p con-
duct A,mpya a. underway IN Con
grpaA 40, Withdraw. federal ,fllnds
from the institution.
n'Ina SPITE VI an TINA KaDbi LsIy.
yea pthltd Nh .'Unclo f'omc ART Wy
praiAing President Marvin a. ~
f,nrIfindsAi administrator"
a" At Nofihan, Okla 's6mS menu
bdrs 81 B'n6i EBith SGy they Rave
bseh Smbafrasssi BY thS actions
Oh The Hiliel atudant m6vpmunt IL
enc University 6F Oklahoma Jew
hh Studehta there are some of the
most c6nAistSht fighters against
segregation In education. o ku
Klua KiAn Fiery rrnah wa bdfked
IFecehtly on the lawn n frdnt %
aHisT mousse. hna yilmHi bnn 'moh
.i' JolnlnK the ts6uthsrnSfs are
nSfthsrn and wSHesrn Jews '~wAo
wpplag We Va hlis, MA fact that
thsy, are Jsya"s v thP ,iwsy, Pne
Jswiah youth Put, A, Some tAks
the position, TN doing all right
tn the BOath - things stand, but
too mdsh ytAlR About equal rights
fos Negroes viii Hput ms On I'm
spot, :" he explained. iaEl aillsii IA
~ HUwsvef, thIa aasus hMd not Been
wsCiwci NJ BAai Erin. and solAs
Jewish liberals ars taking the polai-
tI0n that ths ftnie4 fScrtlieFn e6f-
uGFvAtiSs bloc ns6did bb psnAitted
10 take O. VAIN For ne good Ut the
natiOnal aoswaniAstion. W. bad
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31
DUNBAR MckAURIM r.o
, a., HERE: HAS word"
WIDE BUSINESS

'1 Some people are haf<ily aware
of the problems and pFoRruab 81
thnir own iinmUdiats community,
But Dunbar 4. McIlhlfrta, lNfsihsah
man ana world Traveller. eah apealS
of the affaIra Or mary Of the most
famous spots o. the world. tHl'it"
AZ leAst, mat 10 che irnpFpAhioh
the Oklaholtin born ana UnlVerhi.
ties % Kansas and nlinclS Seu-
Gated business man would leave
with Q person after an hours io0Es.
varBattDn. a1I0H'l aHf g8 ieBpuNd
/ tAAcIIanrin, who will be IN AEin.
Raapolla On busARoaR Cor the mott
two weeks. operates an HxpOrt
and impoFt business Of auto parts
In ManLla, 'aad a Ep0tipa RlstnD
prodpetlon epmpany. which pro-
ddesS local movies n The Philli.
pines 9, ~ 81, ul. ,rg,,.,,
Heosnty h. TetuTpRd from his
hpneymoon, which consisted " Q
round. De-wmld tuur, With Mpps
and visits At acme Of the most ~
nOwned places, t,oI o,,..a AZ
McIAurin praised highly the
democracy he found In Honolulu,
Shanghai. Bankok, Manila, Hong
Kong, PalsistAh; In New Delhi,
when he had an interview With
midas prime minister, fSehru.
"whei, I stepped on the plane
for ths beginning Of NY tour" No
said, Il fsIt th6t my democracy
had begun" he spoke OF his pleas
ure et meeting and talking 70 ths
Ambassador % Egypt IN Cairo, Of
his Vtdit % me Holy Labd, 10
Rome, Geneva, Paris. New Found
land. " ''. .'t .'
re spoke 81 Ms tank Win T'ops
Pius, and the discussion tlisy had
on world problems, and the prob
lens Of the Negro Catholics. s,.H"
'1cVerywhsfs 7 went" he said.
Il. AZ d Negro, reeeIVsd pregersn-
dal trsatment." lie Expressed ~
grst that he he'd % return 70 New
York and To work % soon. "''...
.. 81 .
McLAurin. VINO often does work
from his New York offIee. said
that Ne Would tour SoknG OF the
cItIeG IN the united Stats bsforp
returning 10 Manila. Among those
eitieh wfii b Chicago, Detroit,
New York and OKLAHOMA CITY.
He Il the son Of Mr.. aud Mrs.
q. NJ McIIA1nn Of Oklahoma
City. His father was the FIRST Ne
gro 70 b. admitted 10 the uhiver-
aity d okiahorba, ana his case u
sim being fought 10 the Supreme
Court. '. '.'..'
A veteran n word war II, Nc.
Laurin u q member Of the Manila
JwllOr Chamber Of Commerce, the
LIONS Club, the Alpha Poi Alpha
fraternity. I'D many otAef organ
nations, While here. he had ID
drapSsd the Minneapolis JSyceeS
and the Lions club. and Zion Bap-
tIat church. .f o.. .ar Laa t...
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31

tl0n hMmlxA@N tR@ ABD " Un8 htnS
ssaaotm atMsa Conferences o. tlse
RAAcp on tis grounds 'tlAatJ AaaC
by-lAWsa restricting partieipAa1en
In 0VSanIsed bowling it0io waIAss
niAisa oaIy1 was IN Violation Of the
state civil rights statute.
TINS attornsy.KgnsraPs state
Inent continued;
3'Blnos tisea tpeelpt Vf thS noln-
muicAsloA pshuaStins vtleA afsi-
Cation. Minnssota citizens oFnei-
ally eonAkei&i wlth and IntSfaAted
In tia AuiafidaS Rowing cohkfeas
have assured mo that u 10 their
0plnlan that at . gathering In
Columbus, Ohio. on next May 18th
ths provision Of the consultation
~ The Amar4ear Bowling CpngJsss
.IifnitiDg membership In that or
Plantation 10 white males viii be
illuminated. . re.
IN view Of ths fact that ths
ccngFeas win 10 soon conaldef ths
mater and relying on the opinion
20 suppressed. I have decided that,
hstose the institution Of the pro-
puasd legal proceedings against
that organization In MInnsaota,
opportunity should b. etVen for
the voluntary adoption OF such an
nIs0M1ment. '. '..'@'' '.t' ?
~ adequate provision for such
chas9e IL not made nt The CoiuTn-
btas meeting. the Attorney Gen
srai o. this state win Immediately
give the matter such attsntiop -
may be necessary 70 detefmins
what litigation can, IN his opinion,
be legally instituted and 70 take
such action a. the conclusions
theFefrom may warrant. a1
signed, .ar1 at
;. A. A. BuTnqtist ra,5a
- Attorney General - E2
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31
HOlIis'sI Aristotle III H.. :.
,s Hood PSonS Wen
Rounded PToqT0VSI

The new athlatio director Of
HAlliS O. Brown community
house h Carl AdAms, Jr, . June,
1919 graduate Of Denver UniYer-
sity. Adams, who hag been In &c
PAD since OCTOBER, 1899, reserved
his Bachelor u Arts degree IL
PhyEeAi Education and Rkefea1
ton from Denver.
He has worked for the city OF
Denver Recreation department.
for ths Church League n DSnvef
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31

casAlus' Club Cafe, 2o7 "a, ard
st., win serve dinner Easter Sun
day from i:3o p. m, 70 So, m.
Reservations may be made BY
calling CaSSius' Cafe nj Atlantic
V4s2 DIR. CSaEius says the flow
eTtnG Bamboo room will be opan
and you are invited 10 bring your
guests end dine Easter Sunday at
the OaAaAaAs Club Safe. rsrE sr.t
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31
State Action, g.: HE :: ; ;s:
.po Promised BY Burnquist"
...,, .n. Unless. A.B.C. Changes

40 IN statemSpt Sasd Marsh IN Minnesota Attorney Cen
erA A. A. BnnquSt Infatuated that unless The American
Bowling Congress changes liz rules barring all except whites
from tn BoWlR tournaments that he viii institute court
tim bar thS ADO from Minnesota ao8 trtor ~ tgasq
Mr. Burnquist had been requested to institute S6art o.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31
M0ssOy 70 SpO0k

A. 10 O'Clock Thursday. April Q,
Rev. Floyd Massey. Jr., pastor,
Pilgrim Baptist church. viii ad-
dress the student body nj Macal-
ester coIlegs m me chnpsi or ths
sehoel On NEF Fnngg
Rsy Maassysq tople wiH Be "A
Cause Blottsd outfs - -.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31
Bnai Birth Faces :
... . >.s,% Division On Negro
... '. %. e, s;Y Question, May Split


h Washington AMP The nation leading jewish organ
EatibnBna Birth been shaken by splitting fight over
the Negro question Southern dGegNcs 10 the tenniA national
convention limited 40 bome the organization WIS revealed
last week "i'N """"" t"''"'' 'a" go" h"" t' "'H" }"
raf The Dixie position DO summed up fOluwsJ b mai
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31

-FFAAls FolsOA. prsstdent % the
Radio Cooperation Of AmeT,cs WIN
address che annual Eastern Re-
gional eoaferenee ofaas National
Urban, League IN New York
March a and April 4 nestsr
Granger win make bic aepott %
the WARS activity. Oilers who
wa spsAk include Dr. n n oass&
executive director Of the Bureaa
for IntercuItural Elevation: Or.
Channtng Tobias. direetSz Of
lPAslpNstoEss 'FJnd md Ann Az
mold HedgemGn. GnAstGnt 70 ths
FEDERAL security KdmIntstrat0r.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31
CARL ADAMS. IN

Carl ADAMS. IN. !
and the Denver City schools. He
participated actively In HpoEtS
while IN 'EhSSldAIS |
Adams stated be bopes 70 get
maFt Suipment roF HAlAS ena -
init1ate Wen9Vusaea3 nt1l1etie
program 70 n the needs Of every
season Of ne year. He plans y
add bozAng. wrestling ana tuna-
bltxwy ~ ths esheauls 90 HaIAa
and % enlarge Sartas nuWbsE a
minor sbofts being offersd At ths
eommanky hSussl On "ai'
.EETg .eHryTF FIETN /
He residae A. tbs hOms - Nd
and Nm. John Banks ct T5S Car
ron KvS
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31
SIG Negotiators @ . .:.. ,.. .s.
!. ~ Win C Concessions In >' %;
:...,.: :. Il. New GIN. Contract

hAs been intrcased from three Z
four hours. m 'H" fr.fi n.a "'F
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1950-03-31

, 5WIC0 TAHI"
Evening star., 1950-11-19
By Fred Thompson

Associated Press War Correspondent
HONG KONG, Nov. 18.-The
Chinese Communist soldier, now
added to the Korean war picture,
is good soldier-in some ways
great.
But he hasn't been tested much
against good mechanical forces,
and he hasn't been through the
crucible of a losing battle. So
nobody really knows how he will
perform in adversely.
An American military attache
who saw the Chinese Communists
take Marking calls the Red soldier
rough, tough and nasty"
A French expert was more cau-
tious: HE is good. but he has his
weaknesses.
have heard many people in
Red China say, "The best thing
about Chinese Communism is its
army-the army is fine, the rest
of 1t is awful"
Way DC ofcTEdtcus
The Chinese Red soldier got a
good press during his conquest of
China in 1949. Maybe too good a
press. The collapsing Nationalists
did not oppose him very deter
minedly.
The Chinese Red soldier con-
tributes two new qualities to the
Asiatic military character:
First, he is soldier with some
political indoctrination; he knows
what he's fighting for, or he thinks
he does. He feels he has stake
in the game.
Second. he is the only Asiatic
soldier in modern history who has
been treated with real dignity and
esteem. This is reflected in his
pride and his truly remarkable
discipline. He is not a coolie SOL
dier, like so many Chinese Ma
tionalists. mistreated and despised.
He also is not the underling of
his officers. like the Japanese
soldier of World War II.
Handy With Tanks.
He was fairly good with artil-
lery and. to certain extent, with
tanks during the last two years
of the Chinese civil war. but his
experience with mechanical ma
Evening star., 1950-11-19
Red China Army Called Good But Untred Under Adversely

teriel has been limited. AS a rife
man he is excellent, and he could
keep up with Stonewall Jackson's
foot cavalry any day.
He is military Spartan-his
needs are stark compared to the
lavish loads of supplies which fol-
low American forces.
I saw him at close quarters in
the fall of Shanghai. He looked
well trained, impersonal and sure
of himself. but not particularly
imaginative.
Just a Workman?
There was stolid sort of de-
votion and morale about him, but
not much in the way of nerve
he was doing a job, not playing a
game.
When in the Shanghai fight he
met resistance along Soochow
Greek. In the heart of the city he
dug in and took his time. When
he finally took the creek he did
it well, but it took him too long.
The Nationalist positions were
wide open for flanking operations
and rear attack.
The average American outfit I
saw in World War II would have
been around and behind them in
five hours. It took the Chinese
Reds SO hours. However, that's
only one case, and it really was
command failure.
The Chinese Red staff work was
excellent during final phases of
the civil war but was lacking in
formal military education, lack
which may have been corrected
since then. From battalion on
down, the Reds are rated as in
the "do or die" school but poor
on tactics. But again this may
have been corrected.
Many COmponents.
The Reds carry the name of
Peoples Liberation Army Forces,
but this includes combat regulars,
district troops and people S
militia. The militia are part time
troops. numbering possibly mil
lion district troops, who remain
within various military and po-
litical control areas, are esti-
mated at 2.5 million and include
many reformed" Nationalist SOL
dierS
Evening star., 1950-11-19

The regulars, who are the real
striking force, are estimated al
2 million, contained in four field
armies plus North China and
Manchuria striking forces. The
latter two elements appear to be
a sort of senior grade district
troops, rated as striking force
troops partly because of theil
locations.
The biggest and best field army
is the 4th, under Gen. Lin Piao
and now believed to be embroiled
in Korea. The best guess is that
it numbers about 100000 men,
but probably only about 100000
are in Manchuria.
The second best and third larg-
est is the End Army, under the
"one-eyed general Liu o-Cheng,
small part of which is now en-
gagged in the Tibetan venture.
The third best and second larg-
est is the 3rd Army of Gen. Chen
vi. This army has some units in
Manchuria, but generally is de-
ployed along the coast from
Shantung to the South China
border.
The 1st Field Army, smallest
and least known, is in remote
North and Northwest provinces.
The Reds supposedly tried to
demobilize part of their armies,
which even they admit are too
big for China to support indefi-
nitely. But they don't seem to
have reduced much as yet.
AS they withdrew striking force
troops from many areas-notably
coastal and South China re-
gions-they tried to replace them
with militia and district troops.
In some cases guerrilla activity
became SO prevalent that move
slowed down, indicating that both
district troops and militia are far
inferior to the regulars.
Evening star., 1950-11-19
Final Tribute Paid
Pilgrimage Crash Dead
By the Associoisd Press

GENOBLE, France. Nov. 18.--
Last honors were paid here today
to 81 of the So victims of the
Canadian Holy Year pilgrimage
plane which crashed in the French
Alps at Mount Obiou Monday.
The body of the 58th victim,
Msgr. Romano Mocchiutti, already
had been taken back to Italy by
his family.
Crowds lined the streets of
Grenoble as the collins were car
ried in a procession of open
trucks of the French mountain
artillery.
In a funeral service at the Ca
thedral of Notre Dame, the Most
Rev. Maurice Roy, archbishop of
Quebec, his face lined with grief,
passed slowly before the double
row of coffins, pausing before each
to bestow his blessing.
Later, in the presence of Ca
madam and French officials, the
bodies were carried to the st.
Roch Cemetery to await ship
ment to Canada.
Evening star., 1950-11-19
Boy Killed, Another Hurt
In Anne Arundel Shoofinqs
BY the Associated Press

FERNDALE, Md, Nov. ia
14-year-old boy was killed and
an 8-year-old critically injured
when guns fired accidentally in
two Anne Arundel County homes
late yesterday.
William T. Wheals of Garland
Park died. Police said he was
shot in the head when a double
barreled shotgun carried by 13-
'year-old Christopher Grouse dis
charged suddenly in a bedroom
of Crouse's home. The youths had
been rabbit hunting.
In South Baltimore General
Hospital with his right side torn
by rifle blast was Robert Hustler,
colored, of Patapsco Park.
He was hurt while struggling for
the rifle with a playmate.
Evening star., 1950-11-19

Red troops wear mustard yel-
low cotton uniforms in summer
and sometimes the same color in
padded uniforms in winter. They
were changing to a sort of slate
blue padded uniform in Shang-
hal last winter. and at the same
time were beginning to copy Rus
sian uniforms in design. Korean
reports of blue uniforms prob
ably mean this peculiar blue is
being worn there by Chinese
Communists.
Evening star., 1950-11-19
Flock, New U. S. Envoy,
Arrives at Warsaw
By the Associated Press

WARSAW, Poland, Nov. 49,
Joseph Flack, new American am
bassador to Poland. arrived here
today with Mrs. Flack.
The Flacks were met at the
railroad station by American en-
bassy officials headed by Charge
d'AffairS Claude Hall and repre-
sentatives of the Polish Foreign
Ministry.
The ambassador is expected to
present his credentials to Presi-
dent Boleslaw Beirut early next
week.
Mr.. Flack succeeds Waldemar
j. Gallman, who was transferred
to Washington.
Evening star., 1950-11-19
z State Campaigns
Were Based on Issue:
Voting Tomorrow
BY the Associated Press

FRANKFURT, Germany, Nov.
18.-F'ive million voters in the
United States zone of Germany
may answer tomorrow the ques-
tion whether the West German
people favor the creation of a
German armed force to help de-
fend West Europe.
Voters in Hesse and Wuerttem-
berg-Baden will elect State Par
liaments after campaigns based
largely on the rearmament issue.
The results also are expected to
answer these questions:
/. Is Communism gaining or los
ing strength among the Germans?
2. How strong politically are the
dispossessed refugees from Com
muniSt Eastern Europe? They are
regarded by Allied observers as the
most flercely nationalistic element
in Western Germany.
The election finds four mayor
parties struggling for power along
with the refugees. The four es-
tablished parties are the rightist
Christian Democrats and Free
Democrats. the leftist Socialists
and the Communists.
New Refugee Party.
The new refugee party is labeled
the DG-BHE. This is a merger
of the Deutsche Gemeinschaft
German Society, a small rightist
group. and the refugee block of
eXpellees and war Victims"
The Christian Democrats,
headed by Chancellor Konrad
Adenauer, and the Free Demo-
Gratis have urged the formation
of German armed units to help
Western defense.
The Socialists and Communists
have attacked the two right wing
parties for pressing the rearma-
ment issue.
| Thus, a sharp election setback
for the Christian Democrats or
Free Democrats would be widely
construed in German political cir
cles as a slap at DR.. Adenauer's
advocacy of rearmament. The
Free Democrats are members of
his Federal coalition government.
| If the Socialists lose ground,
| federal government leaders are
certain to say the voters have
endorsed the arming of German
troops.
Similarly, a victory for Chris
tian Democratic and Free Demo-
cratic candidates will be hailed as
an Endorsement of DR.. Adenauer's
free enterprise economic policies.
The Socialists seek strict economic
controls such as are held by Bri-
tain's Labor government.
Reds Expected to Lose.
Experienced political observers
predict the Communists will lose
strength in both Hesse and Wuert-
temberg-Baden. They now control
10 seats in each of the State Par
liaments-about 10 per cent of the
total membership.
About 10 million Germans
driven out of Communist Eastern
areas are scattered throughout
Western Germany. If they unite. |
they could become a potent politi-
cal force.
Refugee parties demanding the
return of Germans lost terrific
ries and the restoration of the
honor" of German soldiers have
entered candidates in both states.
Hesse is now governed by a
coalition of Christian Democrats
and Socialists, with the Socialists
holding small edge in Parlia-
ment.
A three-party coalition governs
Wuerttemberg-Ba Baden. where the
Christian Democrats have a small
edge over the Socialists. The Free
Democrats run third and the
Communists fourth in both states.
Evening star., 1950-11-19
Frederick Youth Cleared
OF Home Explosion Charge
BY the Associated Press

FREDERICK. Md. Nov. 49,
A charge against Ralph Junior
Fisher. 81, of near Harmony, CO.
blast damage to a home. was dis
missed yesterday in Peoples Court.
On November 2 something ex-
ploded in the front yard of the
home Of Noah e. Kefauver, jr..
near Middletown, breaking or
cracking a number of windows.
State police placed charges
against Fisher and George Zigler,
Al, Of Frederick. Zigler was freed
Of the charge on Monday.
Both youths had pleaded not
guilty to charges of unlawfully
damaging a house.
Evening star., 1950-11-19
Brubukers Win Prize
For Home Improvement
Speeiol Dispoieh 10 The Stor

LURAY, Nov. 18.-Mr. and Mrs.
Amos Brubaker of Luray won the
silver loving cup for greatest
yearly Improvement in home
property, awarded at the annual
banquet of the Luray Chamber Of
Commerce at the Mimslyn last
night.
The cup for best maintained
property was won by Mr.. and Mrs.
Raymond L. Kendrick. The
awards were presented by David
H. Minis,