davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-10-12
By Howard w. BIokesIee
Associated Press Science Editor

SCHENECTADY, N. Y, Oct. T.
The age of man in North
America was dated in a new and
accurate way with radioactive
carbon studies reported today to
the National Academy of Sciences
This master calendar was de-
scribed by Or. Willard F. Libby
and DR.. James r. Arnold of the
University of Chicago.
Radioactive carbon, a product
of atomic energy, is also made ir
the air by cosmic rays. The radio
activity lasts $4,000 years, and
can be found in organic objects
that old. The carbon dates these
objects.
The radioactivity shows that the
last ice age in North America was
about $4,000 years ago, instead o1
Is 900, as had been believed.
The dates came from spruce
trees at Two Creeks. Wis, which
grew just before the ice moved
down from the north. The ice
knocked the trees down and they
were preserved under rubble.
This radioactivity clock finds
the first humans in North America
Evening star., 1950-10-12
q Williams
Continued From First Page.)

mator and former District school
teacher, was found guilty of the
morals charge April 81 by Mu-
nicipal Court Judge Aubrey B
Fennell. Judge Fennell said: IT dc
not entertain reasonable doubt
as to your guilt"
The two girls, the principal
Government witnesses in the case
were positive of their identiflca-
ton of Mr.. Williams. The anony-
nous "confessor' said that he
did not believe the girls got q
good enough look at him to iden-
tify him.
Express Gratitude.
The jurist granted a new trial
after several hearings in order to
give the Federal Bureau of Inves-
tigation a chance to check the
anonymous letters and other
evidence.
Mr.. Williams, a former naval
officer, who lives at 4537 Forty
ninth street NV, issued this
statement through his attorneys,
Paul Connolly and James C.
Rogers:
Words are inadequate to ex-
press my relief and qualification
that my innocence of the un-
founded charges against me has
finally been established. would
like to express at this time my
most sincere appreciation to the
steadfastness of my friends during
these past trying months More
gratifying to me than my own
eXoneration is the fact that my
daughter has been cleared of the
unfounded and scurillous charges
made against her. The willingness
of the man who wrote the letters
/. to cooperate in establishing
my innocence is surely commend
able
Promised Immunity.
The climax to the case came
after involved negotiations be-
tween Mr.. King and the unnamed
man who has confessed. The
Government prosecutor received
the letter and also several anony-
nous telephone calls about a
month after Mr.. Williams was
found guilty and shortly after
Evening star., 1950-10-12
Early Alaska Returns
Show Trend 10 6. 0.P.
By the Associoted Press

JUNEAU. Alaska, Oct. 12.-Iso-
lated districts today told the an
swer to whether a Republican tide
in Tuesdays general election viii
wash the Democrats out of contro
of the Alaska Legislature.
The Republicans led for six out
of eight Senate seats in the fou,
territorial districts as early re-
turns came in today and for IL
of the 20 seats in the House Of
Representatives.
Slow communications and diff
Guilty in tabulating the lengthy
ballot delayed final counts. but
the preliminary returns indicated
a trend toward the COP. Four OF
the House seats in the second
division are from the Arctic region
and the isolated West Coast, from
which no returns have been re-
ceived.
The Democrats clung to their
almost traditional control of the
seat held by the territorial dele
gate to Congress. Incumbent E. L.
Bartlett piled up a better than
2-to-1 margin over his Republican
opponent, Almer Peterson of An
chorage.
The Alaskan election was closely
watched by both parties as a pos
sible indicator of political trends
in the United States. The Demo-
Gratis have claimed Alaska for that
role in view of the similarity be-
tween the territory's voting in 1916
and 1948 and the results in the
States.
Evening star., 1950-10-12
Torrentiul Rain and Hail
Wreck Bogoto Areas
By the Associoted Press

BOGOTA, Colombia, Oct. 12.-
A slashing rain and hail storm
flooded Bogota today-drowning
cattle, running property and caus-
ing fears that some children may
have periShed in the swirling tor
rents.
Police and firemen rescued citi-
zens trapped by the muddy food
waters which surged through the
streets laying waste to whole dis
tricts.
So strong was the torrent that
at one point it burst the walls OF
a large brick kiln.
No casualties have been report
ed as yet.
Evening star., 1950-10-12
France Ready 10 Offer
Doubled Arms Budget
In Return for u. ). Aid
By the Associated Press

France proposes to double its
defense spending next year pro-
vided it gets approximately S75O
million in outside aid.
French Defense Minister Jules
Moch is reported ready to explain
this new program to Secretary OF
Defense Marshall at meeting
today at the Pentagon.
Reliable officials said plans for
boosting Frances defense budget
were presented to the State and
Defense Departments just prior
to Mr.. Moch's arrival in this
country yesterday.
The French proposal, they said,
contemplates increasing defense
expenditures from around S1.2
billion this year to around ST.
450. 100000 during 1851.
Seeks Quick Approval.
Mr.. Moch is seeking quick
American approval of the plan
during a round of conferences
with top American defense lead
ers so his government can present
the expanded military budget to
the French Parliament shortly
after it convenes next Tuesday.
Frances ability to bear this big
defense burden appears to hinge
on whether the United States is
ready to extend immediate large
scale financial help from the
5,225. 100000 foreign arms aic
fund appropriated by Congress.
Informed officials who cannot be
named told a reporter the French
plan calls for assistance not only
from the United States but from
Britain, Belgium, Italy and other
North Atlantic treaty allies.
$500 Million for Indo- China.
More than $500 million OF
French defense funds, it was re-
ported, would be allocated tc
French troops now battling ad-
vancing Communist forces in
Indo- China.
French Finance Minister Mau-
rice Petsche is due to arrive in
New York by ship today to join
Mr.. Moch in his round of financial
talks with American officials.
Evening star., 1950-10-12

His associates at All Souls Church
including the pastor, the Rev. DR.
A. Powell Davies, testified as char
acter witnesses. Other character
witnesses included Municipal
Court Judge Frank H. Myers, a
fraternity brother of Mr.. Williams
A bitter dispute between Mr.
King and DR.. Davies was touched
off when the Government prosecu-
tor demanded handwriting sam
Piles of all defense witnesses except
Judge Myers.
DR.. Davies, in a demand for q
public apology, termed Mr.. King's
request insulting and an
expression of personal rancor.'
Mr.. King replied no apology would
be made since he had made no
accusations but just wanted to
eliminate all known persons con-
nected with the case to make
simpler the job of tracing the
anonymous letter writer.
When Mr.. Gullickson reported
Miss Williams had written the
letters, the demand for Mr.. King
was apparently justified.
Handwriting Testimony Disputed
At the hearing last month, in
which the new trial was ordered
defense attorneys put two hand
writing experts, including for
mer director of the FBI hand
writing analysis laboratory, on the
stand to refute Mr.. Gullickson' S
testimony.
Mr.. King, called as a surprise
defense witness at the hearing,
testified an internationally known
handwriting expert at the Bureau
of Standards had examined the
letters and was convinced Miss
Williams was not the writer. Mr.
King had told Mr. Connolly he
planned to inform Judge Fennell
of this report.
In ordering new trial-seem-
ingly without new evidence having
been introduced-Judge Fennell
said the letters might be the
product of a mature mind de-
liberately trying to obstruct JUS
tice.
I'm these times, 1t transcends
the misdemeanor for which Will
liams stands convicted" he said,
in ordering all evidence impound-
ed and turned over to the FBI.
Evening star., 1950-10-12
Legion 10 End Meeting
Today After Stand on
UNIT and Acheson
BY the Associated Press

LOS ANGELES, Oct. 12.-After
demanding that the Communist
Party be outlawed, the American
Legion winds up its 32d national
convention today with stand on
universal military training and
the election of officers.
Delegates are expected to back
UNIT unanimously.
They also will learn whether
their Foreign Relations Commit
tee will recommend that they urge
the custer of Secretary of State
Acheson.
This issue was to come before
the convention yesterday, but
after a day-long session the COM
mittee could not agree on a rec
ommendation.
Georgia Man Ahead.
AS for the election, word from
department caucuses is that Erie
Cooke, jr., 90, Dawson. Ga, air.
lines executive and farmer, has
the edge over his two opponents
in the race for national COM
mander.
He is one of two World War II
candidates. The other is Donald
Wilson. 33. Clarksburg CW. Va0
attorney. The third contestant
for the Legion's top job is Arthur
j. Connell. So, Middletown Conn
clothing firm executive. The re-
tiring commander is George Craig
Brazil. Ind.
In addition, the convention will
elect five regional vice presidents
There is only one candidate for
chaplain, Rabbi David Lefkowitz
Shreveport, La. The Legion ro-
tates this Office among a Protes-
tant, a Catholic and a Jew.
The Legion urged stern meas
ureS yesterday in dealing with
Communists and subversives. The
delegates were unanimous in rec
ommending:
Outlaw of the Communist
Party, by constitutional amend
ment if necessary; Communists
who are American citizens should
be interned and tried as traitors
those not citizens should be
treated as enemy spies: Federal
legislation allowing the death
penalty for persons convicted of
espionage, sabotage or sedition
in times of peace as we'll as war:
removal from Government office
any one under whom Communist
activities have been allowed to
operate.
Other unanimously approved
resolutions deplored the release
from jail of Harry Bridges, long
shore union chief; urged contin-
uance of the House Un-American
Activities Committee, commended
AFL President William Green for
his anti-Communistic work and
reafflrmed faith in the FBI and
its director. j. Edgar Hoover.
Last night the Legionnaires
staged mammoth pageant of
movie stars in Memorial Coliseum.
Evening star., 1950-10-12

mate of the total number of Reds
north of Parallel 38.
A captured Red senior lieu
tenant told intelligence officers
he did not believe the Reds could
assemble any Sizable force because
the only men still available for
service are over 81 years old.
The prisoner said women be-
tween ages II and q are being
conscripted. Gen. MacArthur's
intelligence officer doubted that.
Evening star., 1950-10-12

The Kuwait Oil Co. has cur
tailed exploration, because of
world oil conditions.
Evening star., 1950-10-15
GurdenCIub
Activities
The Potomac Rose Society will

The Potomac Rose Society will
meet at 8 pm. Thursday in the
auditorium of the National Mu-
scum, Tenth street and Constitu-
ton avenue NV. to discuss the
fall planting of roses, and soil
conservation. The guest speaker
will be Clarence S. Slater, soil
physicist. The public is cordially
invited.
The October meeting of the
Silver Spring Garden Club will be
held tomorrow night at o'clock
at Jesup Blair Community House.
Robert SCANNED of the Potomac
Rose Society will give 10-minute
demonstration on How to Plant
a Rose"
The program speaker. Walter
H. Gannaway, also of the Potomac
Rose Society. will give a talk on
"Roses" and will show color slides.
Mrs. George w. Eastment is
chairman of hostesses and will be
assisted by Mrs. Victor Richter,
Mrs. L. B. Schneider and Mrs.
G. M. Davidson.
The Garden Section of the
Woman's Club of Chevy Chase,
Md, will meet tomorrow after
noon at 2 o'clock at the club
house. Mrs. James Strayer will
speak on wild Herbs for Medici-
nal Use, Potage and Salads" The
meeting will be followed by tea,
with Mrs. F. w. Lang as hostess.
Mrs. Theodore Hough, land
scape architect from Charlottes-
vile. Va. will be the guest speaker
at the Tuesday meeting of the
Garden Section of the Belle
Haven Woman's Club. Her topic
will be "The Use of Color as
Balance and Accent! The meet
ing will be held at the Belle
Haven Country Club at 2 pm.
Evening star., 1950-10-15
This Week in the Garden

making excellent growth and they
should be kept clipped. 1t is a
mistake to let them get more than
three or four inches tall before
cutting. Newly seeded grasses are
likely to be soft and succulent, a
condition that is favorable to the
entry of disease. Furthermore
clipping encourages them to
"stool"-throw out side shoots,
which are essential to the forma-
ton OF a compact turf.
In as much as it is too late to
SOW the permanent lawn grasses.
homeowners who wish a green
lawn for the winter might well
sow ryegrass Casually sold as
Italian or Common ryegrass). 1t
is an annual that grows quickly
and withstands cold weather. If
sown at the rate of six or seven
pounds per 1000 square feet, it
Will provide brilliant green lawn
during the winter. 1t will not sur
vive next summers heat, but
should be spaded under and the
soil prepared for fall seeding with
desirable permanent grasses.
There Is no hard and fast rule
as to which trees or shrubs may
or may not be safely set out or
tranSplanted in the fall. The fol-
lowing are some of the trees and
shrubs which have more often
suffered a setback when trans
planted in the fall than from
spring planting: Benzoin, buddleia
(butterf1y bush), hawthorn, al
thea (rose of Sharon, sumac,
stephandra. tamarisk, japanese
SNOWFALL, sugar and red naples.
birch, dogwood, sweetgum, tulip,
magnolia, poplar. linden and elm.
Following Shotgun" cultural
directions is seldom rewarded with
success; this is especially true in
growing plants in the Washington
area, where climate and soils pre-
sent local problems that differ
materially from those back
home" The usual lists Of recon-
mended varieties should always be
checked with local growers. This
may require some effort but will
usually avoid disappointment if
not unnecessary expense.
Too often the inexperienced
blames plant failures on the
climate. the poor soil, or his lack
of a green thumb" Actually
there are very few plants which
the beginner cannot grow success
fully If the right varieties of desir-
able quality are obtained. OF
course. dead or diseased plants
cannot be expected to live, nor is
1t reasonable to expect undersized,
stunted plants, shrubs or trees
without adequate root systems to
thrive and produce normal
CROWN. w. H. Y.
Evening star., 1950-10-15
Horticultural Show
By the Associofsd Press

BLACKSBURG, Va, Oct. IA
The 1850 Virginia Tech Student
Horticulture Show will get under
way October 81 at the student
activity building on the Blacks
burg campus.
The two-day affair will feature
displays Of fruits, vegetables and
ornamental flowers sent by grow
ers from many parts of the State.
The displays and exhibits will
be set up by the students. On the
closing day, october %, a free
for -all-auction" will be held at
which all displays will be offered
for sale,
Evening star., 1950-10-15

OF bulbs requires more care IMAM
is commonly given them. This is
especially true Of those kinds
which must have a cool. moist
situation. However. there are a
number that need warmth and
some that should be kept both
warm and dry. Because Of this
variation in requirements between
the various kinds of bulbs 1--WE
refer to bulbs, corms and tubers)
the requirements for winter stor-
age are discussed for each of the
more commonly grown kinds.
ACDANTHERA Dubious iris.
resembling a gladiolus) Dig after
frost, cutting the foliage 2 or 3
inches above the CORN. Dry care
fully, preferably in the sun before
storing in a warm, airy situation.
No cover is needed.
TUBEROUS ROOTED HE
GONIA.-The tubers may be lifted
before or after frost. Do not re-
move the foliage until it has
shriveled, then clean and dry the
tubers. Store in peatmoss or sand
in room with a temperature of
40 to SO degrees. Better still. If
grown as potted plants the tubers
may be left in the pots until time
to start them early next spring.
CALADIUM elephant earl
Lift after a frost has killed the
foliage, dry and store in a warm
situation. The bulbs do not need
to be covered.
CALLA-LILY.-Lift before frost,
dry and store in a warm situation.
No covering needed.
CANNA.-Lift the rhizomes af-
ter the first frost and store in a
cool, slightly moist situation.
Lacking cool room, the clumps
of rhizomes with the dirt remain
ing on them should be packed in
any suitable material that will
prevent drying out. A cool corner
on the concrete floor will some
times provide the desired condi-
tions, otherwise they should be
covered with sand. peatmoss or
sawdust and sprinkled as needed
to prevent drying.
Care for Dahlias.
DAHLIA.-After frost has
killed the tops they should be
removed, leaving a 6-inch stem.
A week or so later the clumps
should be lifted and turned on
their, sides to permit excess mois-
ture to drain from the hollow
stems. If the clumps are to be
stored in cool moist situation the
dirt need not be removed. Lack
ing a cool moist storage place, the
bulk of the dirt should be removed
and the tubers covered with sand,
peatmoSS, sawduSt or other mate
rial which will protect them from
dry air. If the basement has a
cool corner they may be stacked
Evening star., 1950-10-15

ran gardens PROBABLY uS6Q
more attention than most gar
deners have been able to give in
recent weeks. The ranis, heavy
dews and cool weather have been
a handicap to cultivation and
protection against insects and
diseases. However, the freedom
from frosts. that seemed immi-
ent 10 days ago, has kept many
tender crops in active growth and
will prolong the harvest season
which we normally expect to last
until after mid-October.
The digging of tender bulbs
should not be delayed after the
foliage has started to brown. De-
laying digging while the soil is
wet is apt to result in loss OF
bulbs. When bulbs are dug after
"a rainy period such as we have
been having, they are likely to
take longer than usual to dry
and be ready for storage. Storing
before they are well cured is con-
ducive to rot. Drying in the sun
before bringing indoors is desir-
able when ever possible.
The rains and cool weather
combined have produced. accord
ing to many observers, the finest
dahlia season in many years
There is no doubt as to the excel
lence of color and the size of
bloom has been good. Washing
tons falls are normally favorable
to good dahlia bloom but this
year has been outstanding and
should do much to stimulate wider
cultivation of this colorful fall
flower.
The season for planting Of ever
greens is about past unless the
gardener is willing to give the
newly planted trees and shrubs
unusual care. Late planted ever
greens do not have sufficient time
in which to become established
before winter weather checks root
growth. Without we'll established
roots to supply, the foliage with
moisture there Is likely to be a
heavy loss of leaves and conse-
quent stunting, If not permanent
injury to the plant.
If evergreen planting seems es-
sential this fall the following pre-
cautions against injury and loss
should be taken:
i. Mulch the ground deeply so
as to keep it fro mfreezing as long
as possible. This permits the
roots to function.
3. Erect a screen about the
plant to protect it from sun and
wind. the latter is desirable in
that it will materially reduce
moisture loss.
3. Water the newly planted
evergreens as often as necessary
SO that the plant will have an
ample supply of moisture at all
times throughout the winter lex
cept when the ground is frozen).
It is not too early to go over the
climbing roses and other climbers
to see that all branches are Sc
curely tied and will not thrash
about in winter winds. If the long
canes cannot be firmly anchored.
they should be removed because
in blowing about they will injure
other canes or branches. Such
injuries to the bark, however
slight, are points of Infection
that is why climbing roses seem
to be so susceptible to the canker
diseases.
Newly seeded lawn grasses are
Evening star., 1950-10-15

Fence posts In demand euey farm, and sometimes
good posts hard to nd By treating posts ith penta
chorophenal they may be made to last from 10 to 20 gears
Here c. r. TnSley Cupeper County farmer oo believed to
be the first to rig permanent treating tank his tan
raises treated posts from concrete tank he County Agent
G. Epperon Observes The tank is feet Deep feet 1Dide
and 1S feet long, and U handle so posts time Rings
placed in the tank floor anchor posts hoist
the treated posts Virginia Extension Servce Photo
Evening star., 1950-10-15
Winter Care for Tender Bulbs
Cleaning, Drying and Busting
All Make for Protection
By Wilbur n. Younqmon

The losses of tender Towering bulbs during the winter
storage often discourage their culture
Probably they would widely their protection and
better known Certainly the tender
provide cutowers during the
and needed by the gardener.
that the
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-06-13
LARGER PROGRAM F0RAAND H BOMB
 MAY BE PROPOSED

WASHINGTON, June 13 - R - A still larger expansion of the A. bomb and H-bomb program may be recommended by the Senate House Atomic Committee.
 This was indicated today by law makers who reported that the sub- feet had come up in closed door meeting of the committee with members of the Atomic Energy Commission.
 One member predicted the com nittee would go along with any new request from the commission. He asked not to be quoted by name Senator McMahon D-Conn), chair man of the committee, has said in public twice recently that he thought the nation ought to spend nore of its, defense money on atomic weapons
 The atomic program cost an esti- mated S2.00O, 100000 to perfect the first bomb, and billions more have been spent since. Last year, after he announcement of the Russian atomic explosion, President Truman approved an accelerated atomic ex- pansion program costing $200,- 100000.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-06-13

Karel Hunter Sheecha, past presi- dent of the Honolulu Rotary Club. was asked to speak, and said that Hawaii has a one-word speech that includes everything Aloha"
 Other visiting Rotarians included s. J. Holmes of the Sacramento, Calif., club; c. L. Updike, Arizona motion picture photographer; and Harry Townsend, mining geologist. member of the Seattle Rotary Club and also a member of the Patterson, Calif., club.
 Capt Henry Lorenzen of the Sal vation Army was the other guest, assisting Maj. Eric Newbould, Ro- tarian, in presenting the motion picture, That's How it Happened" produced by the Salvation Army in Philadelphia.
 The program, introduced by Hank Harmon, chairman, was in tribute to the annual Salvation Army cam paign being conducted this week. Their goal is S4,500.
 Rotarian Vern Metcalfe was well comed with round of applause, on ais first attendance after long hos pitalization.