davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-09-21
Defending Against Natures B|itzkrieg
By Huqh Humphrey

lust IL years ago today, September
- 2l, 1898, nature unleashed a dev-
astating aerial attack against the coast
of New England When the bowling
wind and roaring waves subsidized, the
death toll stood at nearly 900 and prop
erty damage was estimated by some
sources at $500 million.
There was no defense against this
tropical hurricane-no counterWeapon
to turn it from its path or destroy 1t
in midair. But, the loss of life and
property would have been far heavier #
one Federal agency had failed in its job.
While the Nations planners are en-
phasizing preparedness against the
threat of man-made atomic bomb
attack, this agency continues its quiet
but efficient civilian defense program
against natural enemy. It has saved
thousands of lives and millions in pro-
perty loss.
Every September.the month of the
hurricane-the Weather Bureau sweats
out one assault after another from a
killer which always packs the potential
punch of bombing raid and which,
unlike war, comes back for another
crack at mankind each year, regardless
Of changes in foreign policy.
Within hours 1t can strike countless
times at hundreds of miles of dense
population or rich farmland, equaling
war in its destruction. It did it, for
instance. on September 8, 1900, when a
furious wind and attendant tidal wave
left 5000 dead in Galveston, Tex. This
was Americas greatest hurricane dis
aster. But this was small peanuts COM
pared to the day "a years earlier, when
an ocean storm swept across the Indian
state of Bengal killing 215.0O0.
Next to the Galveston disaster, this
country's worst storm occurred in Flor
ida during September, 1928. The known
dead numbered more than 1900 and
property damage reached hundreds of
millions.
Despite these staggering figures, the
last rs years have seen a constant re-
ductton in the hurricane death rate. In
the period 1926-1930, including the
Florida storm. 2,108 deaths were re-
corded. In the four years from 1916
through 1949, only 60 casualties were
attributable to hurricanes. And most
OF these were caused by secondary storm
effects such as drowning, automobile
crashes and accidental electrocutions
from fallen wires.
On the property-damag front, how
ever, the figures fail to match this rec
ord. The storm experts can explain 1t.
The Weather Bureau just hasn't been
able to work out any system for moving
acres Of celery, tomatoes and citrus
orchards from hurricanes path. But
in the saving of lives, the bureaus ex-
perts sum up their achievement in one
word: Time"
Evening star., 1950-09-21
Atomic Science and Archaeology

The date of the coming of human beings
into the Western Hemisphere constantly is being
pushed farther and farther into antiquity.
Students of anthropology and ethnography once
believed that the peoples Columbus found here
had arrived only few decades before he himself
appeared on this side of the world. Now many
authorities agree that the Indians date back
perhaps as much as 10000 years.
recent development in relation to the
overall problem of mans original presence any
where on earth is a by-product of atomic science.
DR.. William A. Ritchie, State archaeologist of
New York has announced that Drs. w. F. Libby
and J. r. Arnold of the School for Nuclear Studies
at the University of Chicago have measured the
amount of radioactivity in samples of charcoal
from the oldest-known human settlements in the
Empire State Their findings are that the char
coal came from trees which died between 1880
and $3.50 years ago.
. The significance of this news may be appre-
ciated best by remembering that the same
methods and techniqueS of appraisal may be
applied to any product of human labor which
possessed the qualities of life at any period OF
the past. They may be employed to tell the age
of such artifacts as basketry and such natural
forms as seaShels. When site of human settle
ment is excavated, the atomic instruments may
be brought to the scene to show the quantity
anu uyIldHLLC VI LIlc Surviving
1t contains. That is what has been done in New
York State. 1t could be duplicated in the District
of Columbia-if we had site available here The
trouble is that the whole Potomac Valley has
been dwelt over, tramped over, worked over so
much and so long that an ideal spot for an
atomic measurement enterprise probably does
not exist within 100 miles of jenkins HILL the
elevation crowned by the Capitol.
Right along the line of Pennsylvania avenue
the Algonquin speaking tribes of the South and
the Piscataways of the North came into contact
Captain John Smith, exploring the Chesapeake
region in 1903, reported with regard to the tide
water Indians: Their houses are in the midst of
their fields and gardens; which are small plots
of ground, some 20 acres Sometimes from
to 100 of these houses are together or but
little separated by groves of trees" The villages
sometimes had palisades around them. There was
q riparian colony on the Anacostia at Giesboro
Point and another near Little Falls At Mount
Vernon Smith indicated small town called Taux,
Evening star., 1950-09-21
A Local Responsibility

The picture of police laxty and corruption
presented by prominent speakers at the meeting
of the American Bar Associations criminal law
section was thoroughly alarming one. Chair
man Kefauver of the Senate Crime Investigating
Committee, Governor Adlai Stevenson OF Illinois
and others warned that organized crime is
threatening to bring about a serious breakdown
in local law enforcement in some of our larger
cities. Mr.. Kefauvers committee is doing good
job in exposing some Of the corrupting influences
But no evidence so far produced has shown that
Federal intervention or new Federal legislation
are solutions for this serious problem. The con-
ditions can only be cleared up by aroused public
opinion in the communities affected-a public
demand for honest and effective law enforcement
by local police.
Governor Stevenson joined with Attorney
General McGrath in deploring the tendency of
State and municipal authorities to shift respon-
sibility for law enforcement onto the Federal
Government. The Illinois Governor frankly told
the lawyers that recent Intervention by State
police in the war on gambling and vice would
never have been necessary II "a local officials in
Illinois had done their sworn duty" He regards
such intervention as "a dangerous acknowledge
ment of the failure of local government" Mr.
McGrath said there is constitutional line
between Federal and local enforcement which
he intends to preserve as long as he is Attorney
General.
The existence of this line, however, does not
prevent the Federal Government from assisting
the States to maintain law and order in any
feasible and constitutional way. Federal assist
ance already is given literally. The Federal
Bureau of Investigation has trained hundreds
of local police in latest crime prevention and
detection methods and has allowed State and
municipal police to make free of its laboratory
facilities The FBI and other Federal investigative
agencies have co-operated with police on many
occasions and in numerous fields. This co-opera-
ton should be continued as National policy,
but the local authorities cannot evade their
primary responsibility.
Evening star., 1950-09-21
Error in Commission Report

Much has been said about the Fairfax
County Government Study Commission
and great praise has been heaped upon
the commission for its apparently auth
oritive study.
wish to point out that much of the
most valuable material received by the
commission at the public hearings, in
lengthy reports and long questionnaires
was furnished by the citizen organiza-
tions working for complete correction to
county government. Despite the fact
that civic organizations did everything
they could to enlighten the commission,
serious errors were made in the report as
published.
One in particular was the miSinforma-
ton about the way the ballot would be
worded in which the voters were ballot
ing negatively Not only was the COM
mission in error, but the resolution of the
Board of Supervisors also called for
election to be held under obsolete laws.
At the public hearing originally called
to determine the validity of the petitions
asking for the referendum, representa-
tives of the citizen organizations asked
that the election be held using positive
affirmative balloting, which is the cor
rect procedure. Unfortunately, the err
roneous information contained in the
original report as published in The Star
Is likely to cause confusion among the
voters. 1t would be regrettable if voters
scratch out the form they don't want, as
they were told to do in the commissions
report. instead of voting for the form
they do want.
Harold A. Ward,
Past President, Federation of Fairfax
County Citizens Associations.
Editors Note: The error to which
Mr.. Ward refers appeared in the ad-
vance press copy of the commissions
report, but was corrected in the Of
f1cial copy given the Board of Super
visorS. 1t also was corrected in story
in The Star following a Circuit Court
hearing on petition, asking for a
referendum on county-manager gov
ernment.)
Evening star., 1950-09-21
The Right TO Counsel

Recent press reports have not conveyed
an altogether accurate impression of my
policy regarding assignment of counsel
to represent defendants brought before
me while presiding in the United States
Branch of the Municipal Court.
So that the public may more clearly
and accurately understand this policy,
am inclosing copy of my written
memorandum on the subject, filed in the
court last Friday.
AS you will see, the court proceeds on
the assumption that defendants want
and need counsel Che overwhelming
majority do) to aid them with their
defense. This assumption is predicated
on years of experience on the bench and
as prosecutor. Should any defendant
prefer to represent himself without the
aid Of counsel then certainly he shall
have that right, and the court will con-
tinue to give him every protection the
law affords him. =
=, George ID. Nelson,
Judge, Municipal Court.
The memorandum follows:
THE Constitution of the United States
gives to every defendant in criminal
proceeding the right to be represented
by counsel. The trainers of the Consti-
tuition as well as the other peoples of
the Colonial States realized that the
freedom of the individual for which they
had fought would be either. lost or pro-
tected in the courts according to the
judicial powers and individual safe
guards that were incorporated into the
Constitution. The purpose of the first
10 amendments to the Constitution (some
times called the Bill of Rights') was
to insure to every defendant fair and
impartial trial. To this end he was
guaranteed the right to have the advice
and representation of counsel.
'It is the present custom of all Federal
Courts to ask the defendant if he would
like to be represented by an attorney at
law. The defendant frequently has
confused mind arising from the gravity
of his own plight and from lack of
knowledge of the complex judicial pro-
cedures confronting him. In cases where
the defendant does not have the advan-
tage of counsel and presents his own
case. he may not be aware of the de-
fenses. available to him. The task of the
court in determining the guilt or inno-
cence of the accused is made more diff
cut by the absence of counsel and the
defendants case may be thus prejudiced.
In some instances where counsel is
Evening star., 1950-09-21
Ancient Troop Trains

I'm quite certain that the investigation
in progress over the recent train wreck
at Lafayette, Ohio, where 33 of our SOL
diers were uselessly killed, will not sue
ceed in changing the frequent practice
Of transporting our GIs in the poorest
train facilities the United States rail-
roads can unload on our armed forces.
That troop train was a wreck before it
was hit.
Let's give our soldiers, for once, top
priority on travelling comfort and safety
and avoid repeating the frequent World
War II abuses of loading our boys into
"cattle cars" and .sidetracking them
en- route to allow civilian-p packed stream
liners, freights and hogs by the carload
to pass.
Val De Vost.
Evening star., 1950-09-21

what a hurricane could do. They were
warned with ample time to flee, Wealth
er Bureau officials recall. But the big
palm and cypress trees screened their
homes from the wind itself, and they
ignored the warning and waited. What
they didn't know, and didn't have time
to learn, was the fact that a hurricane
plays strange and deadly tricks.
When the waters of Okeechobee were
peeled suddenly from the lake bed and
hurled like a giant blanket across their
homes, hundreds died never knowing
what had happened. The result of the
New England hurricane, bureau officials
say, followed a similar pattern when
residents shrugged off the warning,
thinking the two red and black flags
merely meant severe "nor-easter"-
something with which they were IA
miliar. They, too, we're trapped with
out a chance to escape.
Since reorganization Of the Weather
Bureaus Hurricane Warning Service in
1885, the Red Cross and other emer-
gency agencies have worked to educate
the public in the hurricane belt. Elab-
crate radio communication networks
have been organized, permanent storm
shelters have been set up and every con-
ceivable emergency facility has been
made available.
So. while being the first to admit that
it can't do anything to stop a hurri-
cane, the Weather Bureau does claim
that 1t can do something to thwart
its attack. It's advice to dwellers in the
hurricane belt can be summed up sim
ply:
Keep abreast of the latest storm
warnings through newspaper and radio.
When you see it is inevitable. take to
the hills, find safe shelter. Then relax
If you can-and enjoy 1t.
Evening star., 1950-09-21

with Moyaones community on the Maryland
side.
Maybe the best location to try out the atomic
instruments would be on the Ferguson estate
near Accokeek where tradition tells there were
three prehistoric Indian settlements of more
than ordinary Importance.
Evening star., 1950-09-21
Wicked America
Val De Vost.

Iva Geary, in recent letter to The
Star, called America wicked" because
some Americans are considering the pos
sibility of using incendiary balloons
against Russia.
Who's wicked? We are an honorable
people, in my opinion, and my opinion
is no longer humble. I'm fighting mad!
Evening star., 1950-09-21
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.

Q. Who was the fastest man with the
gun in the old West?-D. S.
A. No one person can be named, though
the credit for being quickest on the draw
is sometimes given to Sheriff Wyatt carp
of Tombstone, Ariz.
Evening star., 1950-09-21

We have never aggressed against any
country of peace-loving people, and our
needed preparation now does not indi-
cate that we will. Wicked? If that's
what it takes to plan defensive strategy
then say, "lets get wicked" For my
self and my family, I'd like to stay
wickedly alive.
Pauline G. Wells.
Evening star., 1950-09-21

Q. Which is larger, the United States
House OF Representatives or the British
House of Commons?-R. S.
A. The House of Commons has $40
members compared with 435 in the House
of Representatives.
Evening star., 1950-09-21
Questions and Answers

The Stars readers can get the answer to
any question OF fact by either writing The
NV. Washington 5, .. C., and inclosing 8 cents
Teturn postage or by telephoninR ST. 5000,
Evening star., 1950-09-21

Q. OF what religious group is the Aga
Khan the head?-H. j. A.
A. He is head of the Ismailia sect of
MoSlems.
Evening star., 1950-09-21

Q. Were Shakespeare's plays published
IN book form before or after his death?-
T. D.
A. Shakespeare died in 1916 and the
First Folio was not published until 1923.
It was large volume of 9O8 pages and
the printer was William Jaggard.
Evening star., 1950-03-29
PAY JUST $40 DOWN

Now give your clothes professionoookne finish without paying
professional It's simple with Hotpoint See how the fold
ing Iop board gently cotches clothes holds them without win
king See how you comfortably while ronne There's
peteIy adjustable Knee Control with left right knee and
hemosot and Hand Reeose costly eoced at the center
Of the shoe! And there's handy foot rest onother
help you while you You're assured OF
dependable performance every ironing day Of the
with Hotpoint! Buy yours at The Heeht Co. now!
sp4~s
Evening star., 1950-03-29
BRAND NEW
HOTPOINT
Automatic Washer
1Difh Fluid D1"iUe!
PAY JUST $50 DOWN! Z99.3eD
ll,it1, FIoIid D1'i1,e!
299.9!5
PAY JUST $50 DOWN!

Buy real woshdoy freedom when you buy new Hotpoint
at The Hecht Co.. Buy brand new, modern automatic
washer that's the latest word in beauty Of design ease
Of use modern laundry efficiency! One simple con-
troll puts Hotpoint to work and it washes, rnses, then
spindres your clothes while you sit back and relax!
And new Hotpoint has fluid drive! For years. leading
engineers have used fluid drive tronsissons, because
they know that it minnnizes vibration and wear. Now
Hotpoint hos applied this revolutionary principle to hold
noise and vibration to minimum! See this wonderful
new washer IN action at The Hecht Co. now Buy yours
for just 1905.
sevs! 51OO (Ext 5ee5 and
The Hech Co. will estimate woses value
trodein on Hotpoint. No obligation, Of course
Co., Floor Washington; Lov~L Lsue.sa
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1950-05-27

another form, then realized there
was something missing. That
missing element proved to be "Dr.
Christian. So ne Scfapped his
first effort and started again. He 5
very proud and happy to be the
FIRST OF his race to be- represented
on the DIR Christian" program.
Professor Holman would like To
spmcdav write novels.
Father of One Child
The Dr. Christian Award Script
Competition IS made possible
through the generosity of the
Chescbrough Manufacturing COM
pany. makers of 'Vaseline' brand
products sponsors OF the DIR
Christian show.
The judges for the ninth an.
nual Dr.. Christian Award Com
petition were Louclla Parsons.
famed columnist and radio com.
mcntator: Wade Nichols. editor
of Rcdbook Magazine. John Reed
King. CHS quiz master; Jean Her
Sholt. star Of the program. and
Dorothy b. Mccain. producer of
the program Tor McCann- Erick-
son. Inc. advertising agency.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1950-05-27
Christian SCIENCE

Ancient and Modern Necro-
NANCY. Alias Mesmerism and
Hypnotism. Denounced" viii be
the subject of the Lesson Sermon
m all Christian Science churches
throughout the world on Sunday.
May %
The Golden Text CRomans 8:
Sd is If God be for US, who
can be against us?'
Among nc Bible citations Is
this passage, Gil Cor l0:4). For
the weapons Of our warfare are
not carnal. but mighty through
God to shc pulling down of
stronghold
Correlaiive passages TO be read
from the Christian Ccience text
book. Science and Health with
Key 10 the Scrip ares by Mary
Baker Eddy. include the follow
ing tp l03): The truths Of inn
moral Mind sustain man. and
Il cy snnihilatc the fables Of
mortal mind, whose flimsy and
gaudy pretensions. like silly
mo his. SINCE their own wings and
fall into dust
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1950-05-27
UN RELEASES
COVENANT ON
HUMAN RIGHTS

LAKE SUCCESS The United
Nations Commission on Human
Rights released It's first covenant
on political and civil rights last
week
The committee immediately
forwarded it TO the UN Economic
and Social Council. which in
turn will review II and forward
il to the General Assembly later
in the year. The Assembly is
composed Of SO nations.
Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt. a chair.
man of the committee. lauded
the covenant as an excellent be-
ginning in the right direction
toward the long struggle for hui
man rights of all peoples OF the
world
Mrs. Roosevelt. oftimcs criti-
cized for her leanings toward
Russia. stated that she thought
the Russians would ignore the
covenant. especially since they
had no part in drawing il up.
Following are contents of the
covenant;
l.--Everyone's right TO life
shall be protected by law
mo one shall be subjected
10 torture or to cruel. inhuman
or degrading treatment or pun
ishmeni
3-No one shall be held in
slavery.
4-Everyonc shall have the
right to recognition everywhere
as person before the law.
5-Evcrvonc shall have the
right to freedom Of though
conscience and religion. everyone
shall have the right 10 freedom
Of opinion and expression.
The covenant sets UP COM
miticc Of seven 70 carry out the
provisions.
The covenant will be effective
as soon as 20 countries have APP
proved ~ II may be signed BY
UN members or any non-mem-
Der 10 which the General Assem-
bly, extends an invitation.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1950-05-27
PHYSICIAN NAMED
PRESIDENT OF J.C.

Dr. Shnarva Klcinman. Detroit
physician. WAS reelected 10 his
second term as president Of thu
Jewish Community Council OF
Detroit. al meeting Of Counc
delegates held in the Dex'ei
Dawson Branch of the Jewish
Community Center last Thur
day night
Membership Of the Jewish Com
munitv Council consists Of more
than 200 Of Detroit's Jewish or.
CARNATIONS whose delegates com
prise the governing body of the
ORGANIZATION
The Community Council act
ively participates in general civic
undertakings in the city and
conducts a Community Relations
program together with a cul.
tural and programming service
for It's affiliated organizations
and for other groups on an inter
denominational and inicr-racial
basis
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1950-05-27
HOUSING AUTHORITIES
70 ADDRESS NAACP

NEW YORK ~ Dr. Robert c
Weaver, author of The Negro
Ghetto and am authority in the
housing field. viii lead the dis
cussion on IN O n-sceregatcd
liousing-Key to Tntcgration" at
he 4lst annual NAACP convcn-
ton in Boston, June POPS
Collaborating with DR.. Weav-
er on this panel will be Dr..
Frank S. Horne. assistant to the
administrator OF he Federal
Housing and Home Finance A.
gency. and Samuel Williams.
president Of the Orange. ~
NAACP branch. who led the sue
cesSful drive TO break down seq
regation in veterans housing
projects in East Orange, n. J
Other speakers. previously, an
nounced include Arthur Schles-
niger. Jr.. Harvard professor and
au hor Of The Vital Confer"
Bishop Buford +. Gordon Of
Charlotte. N. C.; George Cor
don. president Of the New Eng
land Regional Conference of
NAACP branches. Dean Erwin
Griswold OF the Harvard Law
School: MAYOR John 3 Hyncs OF
Boston: and Roy Wilkins. acting
NAACP secretary.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1950-05-27
Physicians Set
Reunion

WASHINGTON. d. c. Ply
sicianS from IS states are expect.
cd al the 18th Reunion of the
Howard Medical Glass of 1925
when il meets here al the How
ard commencement June 9th. il
has been announced by Dr.. Will
liam F Nelson. chairman Of the
Planning Committee for the Re-
union.
The s4l00 Mcsical Scholarship
Loan Fund established by the
class at It's Goth Reunion in l945
has proven to be very needy. Dr..
Nelson stated
The fund has been completely
loaned out to Is needy medical
students in the l947 l948. l949
and 1850 classes he continued.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1950-05-27
PANAL IS FEATURE OF
ANNUAL PEW RALLY

An Interacial Panel Discussion
and Musical Program will be the
highlights of the annual Pew
Rally under auspices of the End
Baptist Church Women's Council
at 3 pm. Sunday.
Another highlight will be brief
remarks by several outstanding
speakers of the city. The public
is invited. Admission is free.
Mrs. Elizabeth Tyrreell is presi-
dent of the council, while Mrs.
Clara A. Banks. wife of the pas
tor, serves as program chairman.