davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-09-04
Drafting the Doctors

As Congress made clear in debating the
measure the draft-doctors legislation cannot
be construed as rejecting on the patriotism OF
members of the medical profession. The Nauons
physicians and dentists showed their readiness TO
serve in two world wars It was not necessary
in either of those major conflicts to pass such
drastic legislation as that just approved by the
Senate and the House. The dearth OF medical
volunteers for the Korean crisis arises from
uncertainty as to the urgency of the need for
additional doctors in what has been termed
localized" campaign. 1t Is only natural that
young doctors and dentists who have established
themselves in their communities would be reluc-
tant to pull up stakes unless convinced that such
a sacrifice was essential.
It is true that all of the 10000 doctors due
to be drafted will not be needed in Korea. But
the Defense Department says that thousands will
be required to serve the medical needs OF the
expanded military forces being organized and
trained for standby protection. And the depart
ment quite properly feels that the whole burden
of this service should not fall upon reservists
who already have done wartime duty. The bill
which Congress has passed is aimed principally
at the doctors who received wartime training at
Government expense but who saw little or no
military service The reserviSts are exempted,
for they can be called to duty as needed, without
the draft.
There are about TO- 900 doctors who received
the benefit of medical training under the Federal
program and who will be on the priority list 1t
is right that If the need is critical as indicated,
these practitioners should be called up first.
After them will come doctors who, although not
benefciaries of the Federal training program,
have seen little or no wartime service
While there was no draft of doctors as such
in either World War I or World War H. some
compulsion was resorted to late in the latter war
through Seective Service. Community commit
tees of the War Manpower Board working in
cooperation with local medical societies, cited
a number of doctors to draft boards as eligible
for induction buck privates This was done
only in cases in which local medical groups found
certain doctors could be spared by their COM
munities but encountered reluctance by these
men to volunteer. There were 1853 volunteers
from Washington alone under the World War II
plan There is little doubt that similar response
would be had today If the Nation were engaged
in all-out war.
Evening star., 1950-09-04

and the banker of the world. His voice
Is potent in the adjustment of spheres
of influence. the opening Of the fields
of trade and adjudication of contro-
yersies among nations and constructive
leadership in the cause of peace.
The secret of our leadership is in our
remembrance of the warning of Wash
ington and our observance of the advice
of Lincoln that I'VE refuse to entrust to
other hands the preservation and per-
petuity Of our institutions and liberty"
1t is the independence developed through
our fidelity to this advice that has lifted
our Nation into pre-eminence and
clothed it with power for good that is
felt throughout the world
This is our birthright. To compromise
or part with it means sacrifice of all
that we are and all we ever can hope
to be.
No man ever was more devoted to
peace than Abraham Lincoln, but it was
not peace at any price that he advocated
at his second inaugural when he urged
that I'VE do all which may achieve and
cherish just and lasting peace among
ourselves and with all nations" Lincoln
recognized our accountability to the
world. His was not program of sur
rendered rights and policies, the sub
mission of any question vital to our
rights to an alien court. but rather peace
among ourselves and also peace with
the nations of the earth. peace char
acterized with such strength toward the
strong and gentleness toward the weak
that the world would recognize the
source of our power in our devotion to
justice, our love of liberty and conse-
Grafton to humanity.
The wisdom of Washington and Lin
coin has guided us through storms in
the past. Thank God, Macarthur is
still among us!
]. R. COnroy,
Evening star., 1950-09-04
Preventive War

As President Truman solemnly declared to
the whole world in his report to the Nation" last
Friday night eve do not believe in aggressive or
preventive war. Such war is the weapon of dicta-
tors, not of free democratic countries like the
United States. We are arming only for defense
against aggression"
This basic policy of our Government, of
course, is in keeping with the spirit and letter
both of our traditions and of our Constitution,
and 1t is for that reason--among others-that
the President has rebuked Secretary of the Navy
Frank Matthews for publicly asserting that the
United States should be willing, If necessary, to
start war to compel cooperation for peace. 1t
is for that reason too, that Major General Orvil
A. Anderson has been suspended as commandant
of the Air War College at Montgomery, Alabama
for saying in newspaper interview that he
would welcome an order to launch sudden
unheralded A-bomb attack on Russia's atomic
centers.
But it is not only because of our democratic
traditions and our Constitution that the Presi-
dent has cracked down on all such public talk
by our civilian officials and officers in armed
forces. For the whole idea of a preventive war"
is open to serious question on other grounds as
well, including morality military practically,
international propaganda considerations, and the
psychological and political factors involved In
Sucn important maCCerS as the 1earS OF western
Europeans over what might happen to themselves
If we ever unleashed such war against Russia.
In the circumstances, 1t seems clear enough that
Americans in authoritative positions can do much
mischief If they openly advocate that kind of
action.
With that said, however, there is good reason
to add that this subject, though our civilian and
military authorities ought not to evangelize on
1t in public certainly Is one that calls for
thorough study and discussion within the armed
forces and the appropriate civilian agencies OF
our Government Such study and discussion
which presumably are going on-constitute
legitimate and essential part of the Nations
security effort Traditionally, constitutionally,
morally, realistically and otherwise, the idea OF
4 preventive war"-which undoubtedly is receiv-
ing the attention of the Soviet Unions high COM
mand-may be weak and doubtful in the extreme,
but we must nevertheless reckon with 1t with the
greatest care for the sake of our own safety.
Certainly, given particular circumstances
such as concrete evidence of an impending Soviet
atomic attack on our vital areas-we might find it
indispensable to our survival to try to strike be-
fore being struck, regardless OF our traditions,
our Constitution morals or anything else, the
overriding consideration being the fundamental
law of preservation. That is why the subject
of preventive war;" even though incompatible
with our basic policy and banned from public
of6cial discussion, must be studied to the full
within the inner councils of our Government.
Evening star., 1950-09-04
Autumn Fires

SDift to my heart feel q quickened
breath,
For autumn fires burn bright along my
hills,
Bringing an ecstGcy that operfls
The chGlice of my soul. Surely no death
Can tollo,D such vibr1nt, liuing thing
as autumn.
Surely earth and I must keep
This beauty 1Dith US D11en 1De 90 to sleep.
And euen in sleeping, to the memory
cling 8
So may hope that life shall grant to me
Some Diuid span OF golden autumn days
When slolD fires mellon to the tdtDny
haze
OF Indian Summers changing paoeantry.
JULIA COLLINS ARDAYNE.
Evening star., 1950-09-04
Reservist's Wife Wonders How

Would some one. preferably an
esteemed legislator, please tell me how
a mother with three children, two of
them pre-school age, can ever possibly
live on dole of rs bucks month?
During the last war. with the aid of
relatives, barely managed to exist on
$100 a month (two children). Now I
have three to buy snowsuits and oranges
for. realize that the Nation must
economic. but it does seem that depriv.
ing the children of servicemen is
rather poor way to manage.
Reservist's Wife.
Evening star., 1950-09-04
Queries for Conqressmen

When our Senators and Representa-
tives come home for fence tending they
should be prepared to answer these ques-
tions:
/. Why did you let us slide into the
world trouble we are in today?
2. What did you do about universal
military training?
3. What about holding down prices?
4. What did you do about subversives
in Government?
Let's see their record. If they have
tried to steer us straight. we may re-
employ them. If not, why should we?
Mary L. Piatt.
Alameda, Calf.
Evening star., 1950-09-04
A|osko-HaWoii Statehood Faces De|oy
By J. A. OLeory
TT LOOKS as If Congress will go hol

TT LOOKS as II Congress will go home
Il this month without acting on state
hood for Alaska and Hawaii.
If this happens, Senator O'Mahoney,
Democrat. of Wyoming believes it will
he imperative for the Congress to recon-
vene soon after the November elections
to clear the way for placing these two
additional stars in the field of blue on
the American flag.
Although the separate bills for Alaska
and Hawaii passed the House last spring.
unless they go through the Senate before
the 81St Congress ends on January 3,
1851. all progress made this year will
be lost. In that event the statehood
bills would have to be reintroduced and
start again on the lowest rung of the
legislative ladder, as they have done
periodically for 80 years or more.
Even before the shooting started in
Korea the lifting of Alaska and Hawaii
from Territory status to States was
deemed to be in the interest of national
defense
Developments in Korea make passage
of the statehood bill highly important, in
the opinion OF Senator O'Mahoney, who
reported the bills as chairman of the
Interior and Insular Affairs Committee.
To emphasize the strategic position
Of Alaska the committee report points
out that merely 81 miles of Bering
Strait separate it from Soviet territory.
1t is the only part of the American con-
tinent which was invaded and actually
occupied by enemy forces in World
War H.
The Senate committee hastened to
concede that American armed forces will
fight as hard to defend Alaska under its
territorial status as they would if it be-
came State today. The committee like
wise agreed that the patriotic citizens of
Alaska would fight to defend their homes
whether they lived under territorial or
State government.
However" the committee added, cit
is military axiom that populous area
with a developed economy and stable
citizenry and political institutions is a
bulwark against invasion, militarily and
psycholCgically."
Speaking Of Hawaii. the committee de-
Evening star., 1950-09-04
Labor Day, 1850

Like everything else in a highly mutable
world, popular observance of Labor Day has
changed within the experience of living genera
tons. When calendar date first was set
aside for parades and speeches representing
the cause of the organized workers, the occa-
sion was characterized by certain belligerency,
an emphasis on what was sometimes represented
as an irreconcilable divergence of fundamental
interest a...-.,..-.
But expansion of the trade union movement
and the developments of hundreds of correlative
industries and businesses eliminated the need for
any particular day for the affirmation Of labor's
rights. No sooner was the first Monday in Sep
tember made legal holiday in the States than
the major excuse for such designation faded.
Every day became day for workers to make
progress in pursuit of their own legitimate OBJ
jectives
One incontrovertible symptom of the change
was manifest in the fact that Labor Day was
'taken over' for events having little or nothing
to do with labor. In Washington annually for
a long while the date was used for .firemen's
pageant in Pennsylvania avenue. Hundreds of
fire engines and thousands of fire fighters, pro-
fessional and amateur, went by in procession,
and still larger crowds of spectators lined the
curbs to see them pass -.
More recently Labor Day has simply been
one of the three days of long week end symbol
1Zlng tne termination OF summer. LII mas Deen
seized upon as an excuse for getting out of
town. This year it was estimated that half a
million Washingtonians departed on Friday for
the mountains, the seashore and other points
Of recreational pilgrimage. Tonight these people,
will be streaming back into the city, to resume
their ordinary routines of work tomorrow. Few
of the multitude will have bothered to think
of labor as such while they were away.
This does not mean, however, that every
body has neglected to read the official Labor
Day statement of the President. Mr.. Truman
took advantage of the opportunity to remind
the whole public that the rights of labor, like
the rights of every other group of citizens, are
dependent on the elemental spirit of liberty as
we Americans know that spirit. He contradicted
the traditional notion that the interests of labor
are different from those of the national COM
munity as a unit, and he warned that Red
aggression is a threat to labor specifically. In
these assertions he spoke the plain truth.
Those who saw Labor Day in 1850 simply as a
vacation from reality ought not to forget the
background Of the Presidents message-the
background of grim reality from which there
is no escape.
Evening star., 1950-09-04
Politics in National Defense?

When three we'll aimed A-bombs can
paralyze every vital function of the
Federal Government" cause death and
injury to scores of thousands of people
and wreck many thousands of homes
and pubic buildings. it should be clear
to every one that, short of complete de-
Capitalization Of Government activities
in Washington, this city should be pre-
pared for such emergency by having
civil defense organization ready to go
into action on a moments notice. That
is not accomplished by planning the Or
ganization on paper only.
It generally is conceded that the pos
sibility Of such attack at any time is
far from. remote. 1t is not contemplated
that Government activities here largely
wil' be dispersed to other areas in the
near future. If that were SO, there still
would remain the responsibility of Con-
gress to provide protection for those
functions of Government still remaining
here, to say nothing of protecting the
lives and property of the citizens living
here.
Will congressman voting to appropri-
ate funos for District civil defense suf-
ficient for paper planning only return
home to their constituents, deprecate the
necessity for an immediate civil defense
system in functioning form at home and
deplore the cost of same? think not.
do think, however, that many of
those voting for insufficient civil defense
funds here (and it should be noted that
they would not consent to a roll call
vote) did so in order to increase the total
amount of the cuts made in the Emer-
gency Defense Appropriation bill to
Evening star., 1950-09-04

scribed it as the point at which America
comes into contact with the Orient, and
said that granting it statehood will do
much TO create good will and confidence
in the United States among all the peo-
Piles of the Pacific area"
Defense Secretary johnson went on
record for the statehood bills as IAN
added measure of strength to the over
al. defense of both areas in event Of
emergency"
The Senate committee, however. was
not unanimous in approving the state
hood bills or in the belief that state
hood would strengthen Pacific defenses.
Senab.r Butler of Nebraska, ranking
Republican member of the committee.
fled minority views on both measures.
He took issue with the argument that
statehood would strengthen national de-
fenSe,
Evening star., 1950-09-04

As an alternative, Senator Butler pro-
posed that both Alaska and Hawaii be
given gradually a greater measure of
local s7lf-government without the at
tributes of State sovereignty. AS first
step, he proposed each Territory be per-
mitted to elect its Governor.
Senator Butler contended that in
Hawaii there is a large and we'll
organized fifth column, devoted to the
cause OF ouA potential enemies. -
Before the statehood bills were re-
ported from the committee, however.
Senator O'Mahoney had included an
amendment stipulating that the consti-
tutions OF the new States would have to
contain provision banning from public
Office any person who advocates over
throw OF the Government by force or
violence.
Evening star., 1950-09-04

to continue for many months and ID may
increase markedly as our own military operations
are intensified to hurl the Communists back
beyond the 3Sth Parallel. The condition is
tragic one that adds heavily to the enornity
of the crime committed by the northern Red
aggressors.
Evening star., 1950-09-04
Questions and Answers

The Stars readers can get the answer 10
any question of fact by either writing The
Evening Star Information Bureau. 1900 street
NV. Washington 5. D. c., and inclosing cents
return postage, or by telephoning ST. 5000,
Extension SHS.
Evening star., 1950-09-04
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE

@. The popularity of college summer
school sessions prompts an inquiry as to
the early history of this educational ac-
tivity. Who first suggested it? H. o. B.
A. The celebrated scientist, Louis Ag-
assiz, is credited with originating the
idea. Educational meetings under the
sponsorship of the popular Chautauqua
movement helped to popularize it.
@. Is Niello art distinctive SiameSe
art? F. E. R.
A. Although it has been associated for
nearly thousand years with the town Of
Nakon Sritamaraj, in Thailand, some Of
the earliest species go back to the time
of the Romans. A bronze Statuette of
Roman general in the British Museum is
apparently the work of an artist of the
first century.
@. How is the Dutch elm disease
spread and how can it be detected?-
E. S. S.
A. The elm-bark beetle carries the
fungus of Dutch elm disease on it's body.
This disease can be identified positively
only in a laboratory. The United States
Department of Agriculture has Dutch
Elm Disease Identification Laboratory in
East Orange, N. j., where samples may
be sent for testing free of charge.
@. What is meant by the theory Of
cyberneticS"?- j. H.
A. This theory, developed by the dis
tinguished scientist, DR.. Norbert Wiener.
relates to communication and control
in the man and the machine"
@. Who is the Ambassador of India to
Mexico? v. N.
A. Mexico and India recently agreed
to establish Embassies in New Delhi and
Mexico City. The Ambassador to the
United States, Nine. Vijaya Lakshm1
Pandit, the Ambassador of India to the
United States. will also have the post Of
Ambassador to Mexico.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-06-16
&:a!{&ss6iaa{3&fa af
Padres Are BIanked by
 Hur|er Tosf
By JIM HUBBART

Associated Press Sportswriter)
 If Sore Arm Lou Tost is the toast of Oakland today, then MT. Les Fleming poses a serious threat to sobriety in San Francisco across the bay.
 Tost, plagued most of this Pa cific Coast League season with a gimpy wing, turned in masterful three hitter for the second place Oaks last night and blanked the skidding San Diego Padres, g to 0.
 Fleming, the hefty San Francisco first baseman, broke up l4-inning pitching duel between Chet Johnson and Portland's Red Adams With a sharp single that gave the Seals a 3 to victory.
 Oakland's triumph, combined with Hollywood's second straight loss to Sacramento, moved the Acorns to within four games of first place.
 Until last night, Tost had pitched only five innings this year. Having been out of action since an opera tion to remove bone chips from his elbow.
 Al Olsen started for San Diego and twirled hitless ball until the Oaks found the range on him with two down in the sixth. Lloyd Chris topher's homer brought in the first three runs.
 The Portlan d-San Francisco scrap was tied at 1-all from the sixth inning on. In the 14th, Brooks Holder walked, reached second on sacrifice and waited for Fleming to do his stuff on 3and-2 pitch. Johnson pitched six hit ball for the Seals.
 At Sacramento, the last place Solons dumped Hollywood again, this time by 12 to 5, in an l8 hit attack. Jack Salveson started for the Stars, but left after the Iourtn inning
 At Los Angeles, the Angels and the Seattle Rainiers became in- volved in a three hour swatting marathon which the RainierS fin ally won, 10 to g. Nine pitchers were among the 31 athletes par ticipating, with Jim Davis the win- ner and Ralph Hammer the victim.
 Hammer, taking over in the eighth, beat himself. His wild throw on a bunt play set the stage for three unearned Seattle runs in the ninth George Vico's two run single pro- vided the clincher.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-06-16
NO MORE GOLD
 CURE ADVERTISING
 FOR DRUG MAKERS

WASHINGTON, June 16 = JAP = The government announced today that five big makers of anti-hista- mine drugs have agreed not to ad- vertise that their products will cure or prevent colds.
 The firms had been accused of using false and misleading" ad- vertising in promoting the sale of the new preparations.
 Under today's agreement the com panies can continue to sell tine drugs and advertise that they will ease or stop cold symptoms, such as sneezing and running noses.
 They also can advertise that the products are safe if used according to directions on the labels.
 The Federal Trade Commission said the action results from ETC complaints charging the firms with violation of Federal Fair Trade Laws.
 The five are Bristol-Myers' Co.,, Anahist Co.,, Inc, and Whitehall Pharmal Co.,, all of New York; Union Pharmaceutical Co., Inc, Montclair, N.J.; and the Grove Lab oratories, Inc, St. Louis.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-06-16
HU5kIE5
 PICKED
 FOR WIN

MARIETTA, O., June 16 - tR - Coaches of nine of the 12 varsity crews in the top race of tomorrow's Marietta Regatta today firmly placed Washington in the winners shell.
 One picked California as the h. tercollegiate Rowing Association Re- gatta winner and one vote went to Massachusetts Institute of Tech nology, hope of the east.
 Others, ranked in their order, were Navy. Cornell. Pennsylvania, Princeton and Syracuse.
 Coach Ky Ebright of California declined to select eight crews in their probable order of finish, but he named Washington, California, Navy. Cornell and Stanford as among the early finishers.
 Coach Al Ulbrickson of Washing ton picked his own favorite Huskies, with California second, MT third, and Navy fourth.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-06-16
B.P.0. ELk5 HIT COAST GUARD IN 10 T05WIN
League Standings

The Elks nine took over the league lead last night with a smashing run of hits to win II to from the Coast Guard. Features of the game included two homers by Elks' sec ond baser Forsythe, one with the bases full and a homer by Elks' first sacker Snow immediately fol- lowing Fersythe's sweeping of the bases.
 Winning pitcher Palmer went the route for the Elks. For the Coast Guard, starter Wilber seemed to throw too many home run balls and was relieved in the fourth by Krause who finished the game. Wilber all lowed nine runs during his stint and Krause allowed two more in the sixth inning. The bottom half of the sevnth inning was not played
 An enthusiastic crowd, with ex- cellent baseball weather, saw the Elks surge into an early lead with a homer in the first inning by For sythe and in the second inning Cope came home.
 In the top half of the third the Coast Guard tied it up with runs by Manning and Wilber but Hous- ton and Forsythe put the Elks back in the lead in the bottom Of the inning.
 The bases-full homer by Forsythe in the fourth and Shows home run with the bases empty sewed up the game for the Elks with lead that was never threatened during the re- mainder of the game.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-06-16
R0TARIANS RETURN FROM ALASKA TRIP:
 GIVEN BIG SEhD0FF

CALGARY, Alberta, June 16--R -Rotarians and their wives from New York State and northern New Jersey were given regular west ern sendoff last night on their way back home from an Alaskan boat trip.
 Indians held a pow-wow on the railway station platform around a chuckwagon.
 During the day the TOT Americans were shown around the city by Calgary Rotarians. Heading the party was Hart I. Seely, of Waverly. N. Y, publisher of several weekly newspapers.