davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1950-05-31

mired by all. The president said
that such sad occasion as the pas
sing of a loyal kind hearted, friend
ly person as Mrs. Finney should
make the remainder of the men,
bers closer to each other.
The club day program
will be held May %, at Bethel
A M. E. with Mrs. Arthur Greg
DRY chairman of the program. The
Royal Intimates' president Mrs.
Mildred Williams attended the last
meeting of the Elites and also
Mrs. e. s. Davis who is supervisor
of the Rosebud Darlings the girls
club of the NACW of Federated
Women. All of these clubs are
looking forward to the State Fed
Grafton which will be here in June.
Watch this column for full details
of the program.
THE PROSPECTIVE WIVES
CLUB
was entertained by Mrs. Isaac
Mitchell in her home Wednesday
evening at $3.50 p. m. 1t was a very
good meeting. The hostess served
delicious refreshments. Mrs Bruce
Carter. president.
The Past Daughters Rulers Council
sent a delegate to the North
west Association which convened
in Portland. May 1928. The Past
DIT. Ruler vina McVea was the del.
egate.
Arizona sun., 1950-05-19

In a press conference last week,
Governor Garvey again repeated
his opinions anent any further cuts
to old age recipients and depend
ent children pensions.
Without regard to what his stand
may do to his campaign for reelec-
ton the governor stated in no un-
certain manner that he doubted the
legality of the Welfare Department
move and added that he intended
to ask for an opinion from the
states attorney general.
The Garvey stand on the welfare
cuts may be a well laid plan to
cinch the large bloc of votes rep
resented by the old age pensioners.
Whether the results will outweigh
the costs of his stand is a moot
question, because it is certainty
he will receive a great deal of criti-
cism from legislative leaders who
favor the cuts.
**
Senator Joseph Mansfield, Yuma,
has announced he will not be
candidate for reelection. That seat
will be sought by State Representa-
tive Harold Giss, now serving his
first term in the House. There
were some rumors that E. F. San
guinetti, Yuma business man would
campaign for Senate but he has an
nounced that he will not oppose
Giss in the primary.
Ana Frohmiller on May 1S, form
ally announced her candidacy.
There is much conjecture on the
significance of the date but no one
seems to know the real reson. Of
course it has no connection, but it
was on May 18 good many years
ago that Carrie Nation chopped up
a saloon in a town west of Topeka,
Kansas, and received her greatest
publicity.
Mrs. Frohmiller has a champion
in Mrs. Randolph DeBolt, mayor
of San Springs, Oklahoma. Mrs.
DeBolt recently stated: eff we
(women) can raise children to be
government heads then why should
not we run ourselves? If we can
run a home we can run govern
ment."
Arizona sun., 1950-05-19
The Capitol Arena
JAMES r. SILLETT

Ana's long record as state audi
tor certainly leaves no doubt as to
her executive ability.
Kent Lockwood has announced
that he will run for state auditor.
was somewhat surprised at the
interest shown in the Watkins cam
paign at his booth at the recent
Union Trades show at the state
fairgrounds. There was COP
booth near but it was at the Wat
kins booth the visitors stopped to
ask questions.
Black headlines on two subjects
has engaged public attention for
the past several weeks. Both will
be continuing issues for months to
come. One was the Russian pri-
vateer incident and the other the
Carthy-Lattimore controversy.
People who read only the head
lines. now consider Mccarthy vindi-
Gated. The public generally, is in
clined to be gumshoe happy. The
tendency to picture Mccarthy as
Senatorial Dick Tracy will now
Arizona sun., 1950-05-19
Buy From These Advertisers and Watch Your Paper Grow

known group. Exactly one year
ago-at a meeting of the Council
for Civic Unity-the chorus made
its first public appearance. It has
spent the last six weeks in rehears-
al, enlarging it's repertoire for this
performance.
The subject of the talk to be CIV
en- by Mrs. Lennard will be "The
Gentle People of Prejudice" Based
on an article appearing in the Sat-
urday Review of Literature, it
deals with some of the more subtle
forms of prejudice exhibited by the
gentle people," those who would
condemn lynch mobs and racial vio-
lence but who are prejudiced them
selves in less obvious ways.
The meeting is open to the pub
lie. William P. Mahoney, Jr., pres
ident, will preside.
Arizona sun., 1950-05-19
Phoenix Civic Unity To
Sponsor May Program

A concert by the Fellowship
Chorus of the YWCA and talk
by Mrs. Arthur Lennard will COM
prise the program at the May meet
ing of the Greater Phoenix Coun-
Gil for Civic Unity, to be held next
Thursday, May Is, at Phoenix Col
lege. The meeting, which will be-
gin at 8 p. m. will be held in the
Clubroom administration build
ing, Thomas Road between 11th
and 18th Avenues) of the college.
This performance by the Fellow
ship Chorus directed by Julian P.
McCreary) will mark the first an
niversary of this talented and we'll
>o>o>>o>>>>~>~~~~
be enhanced. It was his first good
break in a campaign that was
crumbling badly. That Budenz .tes-
timony failed to substantiate Nc
Carthy's spy charges as failed to
register with many of our citizens.
Mccarthy will now get more. Re-
publican aid; administration Off
cials will cease efforts to white
wash suspects and investigation
may yield substantial net gain for
Republican office seekers in the
fall elections.
Evening star., 1950-10-08

~ s fssA'nss7
Evening star., 1950-06-11
Experts Seek Acute Jobless Point
How many unemployed are

How many unemployed are
too many?
In February A. million people
were looking for jobs. They
were 7.6 per cent of a working
force OF 61.6 million not count
ing the armed forces.
In April the number of job
hunters had dropped to 3.5 mil
lion. only ST per cent of a
working force which by then
had reached 62.2 million.
So far the most thorough ex-
ploration of how many is too
many has been done by a joint
committee of the House and
Senate.
The Labor Department told
committeeman that all through
our history, even counting peri
DDS Of high employment, 3 to 4
per cent of American workers
have been looking for jobs.
But the Labor Department
thinks that the figures of how
many work and how many don't
are not so important as whether
the trend is up or down. The
trend from February to April
was UP.
Labor Department peopl,
think washington should take
steps to protect working people
long before joblessness becomes
serious. They think the unem-
ployment compensation does
this for many, but they would
Evening star., 1950-06-11
By Sherry Bowen

GUM. France. Netherlands, Brit
ain and Luxembourg. Each of
these nations is a member of
all five of the major unifying
agencies.
They have agreed to a pro-
gram of collective self defense
and to collaboration In eco
nomic, social and cultural mat
ters. The treaty runs for so
= years. Two groups lead the
work. One is the Consultative
Council of Foreign Ministers.
1t meets at least once every
three months-oftener If neces-
Sary.
The other is the permanent
commission. It consists of a
special British diplomat and the
chief envoy Of the other four
nations In London. Il meets
once a week. There are other
committees and agencies, mo-
tably one for military co-opera-
ton.
Ahead Of the Brussels pact in
time was Benelux. This is a
move toward a customs union
for Belgium. Luxembourg and
the Netherlands. These three
nations started their plans for
cooperation early in 1947
Evening star., 1950-06-11
CMsMRse or r4F un0fo Nations

It is officially known as the Eu-
ropean Recovery Program. The
Economic Cooperation Admin
istration of the United States
distributes aid to the war-torn
European countries on condition
that they make an effort to help
themselves.
Sixteen European nations got
together in July. 1947. and out
lined their needs. Aid has also
gone to Western Germany.
which did not attend that con-
ference. No aid has gone to
Switzerland. which was one of
the 16 nations. She never asked
for any help. But Switzerland
is an active member of the Or
ganization for European Eco
nomic Cooperation. This is a
loose grouping of European
Marshall Plan nations to pro-
mote the work of the plan.
Another grouping of Marshall
Plan nations will 60 into effect
July !. 1850. when the European
Payments Union Is activated.
This is expected to make it cas-
Ter for Europe to exchange its
many types of money. It Is
hoped that 1t win stimulate
trade within Europe and cut the
need for aid from the United
States.
Evening star., 1950-06-11

at such groups as Negroes,
women, older people and younger
people.
CIO points out that jobless-
ness now hits people harder be-
cause the dollar doesn't buy so
much as it used to.
It also comments that some
thing like 800, 900 new job hunt
ers hit the market each year
after high school and college
graduations are finished. It says
the economy is not expanding
enough to give them jobs.
President Truman's top ad-
wiser on economics. Leon Key
serling. has the lowest estimate
of how much unemployment is
tolerable, somewhere between
2 million and 8 million.
Mr.. Keyserling thinks it is
"eaSier to keep prosperity than
to regain it" and that Govern
ment policies on taxes, credit,
banking and housing are all
working. now to prevent unem-
ployment.
He disapproves of any idea
that Washington should go into
action only when a danger
point" in unemployment has
been reached. He says any man
who is out of q job q year Is
in serious trouble, even though
the national figures say that
unemployment Is low.
Distributed by the Associated Press.l
Evening star., 1950-06-11

which are to be numbered the
higher ranks of the Army.
The cost of the defense forces
is a heavy burden on the coun-
try. Out of the current budget.
about Al per cent is devoted to
the armed services and Ministry
of the Interior, which controls
the various branches of the
police.
Politically, Franco today is
more secure than ever, all open
opposition to him having virtu-
ally ceased For example, two
years ago it was not safe for
landlords to visit their estates
in Estremadura because of
guerillas-now all is peaceful.
Although Spain desperately
needs a large American loan,
there seems little doubt that
Franco is capable of carrying
on somehow without one.
Although Franco has so far
refused to accept American con-
ditions for a loan, there have
recently been indications that
he intends to adopt a more
concilittory attidue toward the
investment of foreign capi-
tai. hitherto restricted to Is
per cent in any enterprise. He
has little security to offer,
Spain's gold reserve being now
worth little more than $40 mil
lion. But in default of gold. her
strategic position remains
Spain's greatest asset.
(Copyrisht, 1850, observer Foreign
News Service
Evening star., 1950-06-11
By Daphne Kirkpatrick

In q compilation of banking
laws, for example, the first pun
ishable offense is that Of bias
phemy.
Spain's industry has been
cripple by lack of electric
power on which it is dependent.
Great progress has been made
in the installation of dams and
hydro-electrlc plants. but, ow-
ing to a series of droughts,
firms in Barcelona last winter
worked for only a few hours
each day.
The State-owned Institute
Nacional de Industria National
Institute of Industry originally
intended to provide capital for
essential industries, is a thorn
In the side Of private business,
since it is in a position to help
itself to the lions share of raw
materials. One of it's latest
projects is a steel plant in
Asturias which is viewed as
kance by private steel in
dustrialiSts.
The differential peseta rate is
the Spanish exporters night
mare. Not only are there diff
ferent rates of exchange for
each commodity, but the import
and export rate for the same
commodity often differs and,
moreover. is constantly chang
ing. Only firms which have
earned foreign currency are en-
Evening star., 1950-06-11
Pacts and Treaties Cement Europe

Hot and cold war has spurred
Europe toward unity. Among
the most important agencies
which help peoples of the con-
tinent work together are the
United Nations, the. Marshall
Plan, the Council of Europe and
the North Atlantic and Brus-
sells pacts.
The United Nations became
effective october "a, 1945, as a
worldwide organization. It
was hoped that it would help
solve world problems. But it
specifically provided for regional
groups. Europe found that
world tensions were such that
it needed other agreements to
supplement the world group.
Among other problems was the
fact that Austria, Germany.
Ireland, italy, Portugal and
Switzerland have not become
United Nations members. Spain
is also outside the U. N. as
well as all other major Euro
pean pacts.
Hard core Of the European
unit movement is found in the
Brussels pact nations. The
Brussels Treaty Organization,
sometimes called the Western
Union, was set up March II,
194S. It's members are Bel
Evening star., 1950-06-11
By Sierid Arne

like tc see more workers covered
and the period of compensation
payments heightened.
The American Federation of
Labor tAFL) told the same con-
gressional committee that the
number of jobless would not
become dangerous" until it
reached 5 million.
AFL men think it is much
more important-right now-to
watch now long it takes a man
out of work to hook onto a new
pay check. They would like
something done about pockets"
of unemployment such as are
found in New England.
AFL thinks governments
Federal. State and local-ought
to start public works projects
when the number of jobless gets
too high. 1t would like to see
Federal credit controls loosened
further to stimulate investment
and industry cut the work week
without cutting the pay check.
The Congress of Industrial
Organizations (CIO) thinks 4
million unemployed is alarm
ing" CIO drew congressional
attention to these points:
Some rs million workers now
have part-time jobs and their
spending power. is cut. !.
Joblessness Is hitting hardest
Evening star., 1950-06-11

The Benelux nations have now
become a part of the Brussels
pact.
The North Atlantic treaty
binds II nations of the North
Atlantic area to armed aid for
any member in case of attack
1t was signed April 4. 1949. This
treaty pledges the United States
and Canada to guard the peace,
of Europe. Under the pact, the
United States is now Shipping
arms to member nations in
Europe.
The Council Of Europe has 13
members and is taking in two
associate members (Western
Germany and the Saar). It's
powers are advisory. but it pro-
vides q forum In which leaders
of the European peoples can
thresh out their problems. It's
ministerial committee is COM
posed Of diplomats who meet
privately. It's Consultative AS
sembly has been hailed as the
embryo of a European parlia-
ment. It meets in public. The
Council first took permanent
shape In January, 1949.
Key to much European CO.
operation is the Marshall Plan.
Evening star., 1950-06-11

titled to keep a portion of It.
Owing to the stringency of the
foreign exchange position, no
Spaniard can take any money
out of the country unless es-
pecially authorized to- do so.
Shortage of foreign currency
has made it extremely difficult
to obtain raw materials. partic-
ularly steel and cotton. Fertil-
izers are desperately needed to
raise agricultural production
which, although agriculture is
SPANS principal industry, has
been falling in face of a rising
demand from a rapidly increas-
ing population. In Valencia,
large areas of orange trees have
been attacked by blight because
they lacked fertilizers.
Rich Have Cars
The whole transport system
is badly in need of equipment.
The present rate of renewal is
quite inadequate, particularly
in the case of railways. There
are, however, a number of new
cars, American, British and
some of Spanish manufacture,
to be seen. Madrid has made
great progress in replacing old
buses. Many large American
cars are to be seen in Madrid
and other big cities. They be-
long to the wealthy few, among
Evening star., 1950-06-11
Spain Struggles With Cost of Liuing

Despite cost -of-living bonuses,
prices-particularly food prices
have far outstripped wages in
Spain. An unskilled manual
worker receives about 1880 pc
setas a day while lunch at q
moderately good hotel costs
about 80 pesetas. Landlords are
not allowed to raise the rent of
unfurnished flats-until the
occupant moves-with the re-
suit that one resident of Madrid
pays more a month for bread
than for rent.
Official rations are entirely in
adequate and every one buys on
the black, market, the Army
canteens supplying much Of the
material. A friend told me that
she bought rice, which is very
scarce, from her dressmaker to
whom 1t was sold by a colonel's
wife at the full black-market
price. The colonel's wife made
the profit since she obtained the
rice through her husband, the
dressmaker receiving only a tip.
3 Jobs Required
Spanish workers have an
eigft-hour day and SiX.day
week. Those with large families
benefit under q system by which
a portion of the profits of a
company is distributed to those
with dependents. There are
workers tribunals in each dis
trict which almost invariably
decide disputes in the workers
favor and there are, in theory
at any rate, excellent social
services. Although these ad-
vantages may not be universally
applied. the majority of town
dwellers undoubtedly benefit
from them. Despite this fact,
the high cost of living, particu-
larly of food, inadequate hous-
ing and low salaries make the
working classes bitter and dis
satisfied. sThe middle classes.
too, are badly hit by the high
cost of living. 1t is common for
one man to hold three different
jobs in order to maintain ac-
cepted standards.
Business people in Spain COM
plain of the difficulties. Over
Capitalization clogs the wheels
of industry. In accordance with
the theory of the corporate
State. each industry is run by a
Sindicato with headquarters in
Madrid Raw materials are
distributed through the sindi-
catos which. in the case of es-
sential industries. such as olive
oil. control every process OF
production and distribution.
Almost all commodities are
subject to price control, al
though there has recently been
a move towards greater free
dom. potatoes and a number OF
other goods having been de-
controlled. Essential foods,
such as wheat. are bought at
official prices from the farmer
who is allowed to keep a por-
tion Of the crop for himself.
Rules and regulations abound.
Evening star., 1950-06-11
Gen. Bradley Sees Time
Gained on Defense Plan
Heed of Joint Chiefs Confident MutuoI
Effort Is Sowing Years While Cousins
Russians to Hesitate on Offense
By Raymond P. Brandt

Six this week Omar Bradley tudsed
through the Normandy leading
Allied liberation of Europe from the Today chair
principal
architects the mutual defense
Western European nations he confident
Evening star., 1950-06-11
Next Supreme Court Term
To Be q HeodIiner, Too
Justices Already Con Count on Civil Rights
Cases, Loyalty Appeals and Anti Trust
Suits TO Decide Next FoII
By Robert K. Walsh

The Supreme Court barely started its already
label its session full Of work
session ended questions
bearing loyalty program spots
paricu
Evening star., 1950-06-11

A related question will come up
when the court hears arguments
on whether a grand jury witness
can be held in contempt for re-
fusal to reply to queries about
Communist Party membership.
Before the Supreme Court re-
cesses in June. 1851, 1t conceivably
could be asked to consider cases
Of the IL Communist Party lead
ers convicted on charges of con-
Sspiracy to teach violent overthrow
of the Government. Their appeal
has not yet been acted on by the
Evening star., 1950-06-11

tsee DEFENSE PLAN. Page CAD
Evening star., 1950-06-11

(see WALSH, Page c-S0
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-26
News OF County
Homemakers' Clubs
WOMEN'S CLUB
OF WILLIAMSPORT

The Williamsport Women's Club
elected Mrs. Edwin Newcomer presi-
dent at the regular October meeting,
held at Williamsport City Hall
Elected to serve with Mrs. New
conner were: Mrs. II. O. Britner, first
vice-president; Mrs. Roger Charlton,
second vice-president; Mrs. David
Cushwa, III, secretary; Mrs. Wood
row Grove, assistant secretary; Mrs.
Richard Doub, treasurer; and Mrs.
Ray Rohrer, parliamentarian.
Mrs. W. II. Babylon presided at
the brief business session, during
which Mrs. Woodrow Cove, chair
man Of the recreation committee, and
Mrs David Cushwa, III, chairman of
the social committee, were appointed
to plan for the annual Christmas
dinner in December. Mrs. Richard
Doub then announced plans for a
rummage sale, to be held November
6 and 7, to help defray expenses for
the county delegates who attended
the National Convention at Biloxi,
Mississippi.
Mrs. Beckley Harsh presented the
song, Sweet Betsy From Pike" and
explained how covered wagon
songs" were developed.
Refreshments were served by the
co-hostesses: Mrs. II. o. Britner, Mrs.
w. c. Huddle, Mrs. d. w. Newcomer
and Mrs. w. II. Babylon.
The next meeting will be held at
City Hall on November II and the
Co-hostesses will be: Mrs. Albert
Leaf, Mrs. Grayson Steffey, Mrs. M.
Faulkner, Mrs. Howard Grove, Mrs
j. Leaf and Mrs. r. Corby.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-26
CLEAR SPRING CLUB

The Clear Spring Homemakers'
Club met at the home Of Mrs. Leroy
Clark, Big Spring, for their all-day
October meeting. Portfolios were
made in the morning by fifteen MEM
bers, under the direction of Mrs.
Paul Niemyer.
Feature on the afternoon pro-
gram was the election of officers,
which resulted as follows president,
Mrs. Charles Chopper; vice-presi-
dent, Mrs. Adrian Rowland, secre-
tary Mrs Frank Boyd; assistant
secretary, Mrs. Guy Angle; and
treasurer, Mrs John Corbett
The Crusade for Freedom" was
explained by the president, Mrs.
Donald Newkirk, and members
signed the freedom scroll
A special meeting will be held on
the evening of November 2, at the
home of Mrs. Guy Angle, for the
purpose of making ornamental
Christmas trees.
A delicious luncheon was served
by the hostesses, Mrs. Clark, Miss
Ruth Newkirk, and Mrs. Donald
Newkirk.
Rod Feather Time Is COmingi
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-26
Red Feather Time Is Coming!
Girl Scouts

Girl Scout Troop 16, sponsored by
the Margaret Hess Bible Glass, Mrs,
John M Hinkle, leader, and Mrs R.
B. Green, assistant leader, held a
regular meeting on October 18 at
the Presbyterian Church. We had
Is girls, our leader and assistant
leader present.
Our meeting opened with the re-
peating of the Girl Scout Oath and
Hymn. We then chose a name to be
submitted to the council for the
Troop cabin and had an evaluation
of our lookout, that we held last
Saturday at the cabin.
Mrs. Green thanked the girls for
the lovely cards they sent her while
she was i'll
Mrs. Couchman then continued
with instruction on the good groom.
ing badge.
The meeting closed with taps.
Judy Ann Coffman, Scribe
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-26
SUCCESSFUL
HON MAKING
BY MARY DOUGLAS

! teaspoon vanilla
" cup sugar
"a cup butter
2 tablespoons syrup
/ cup sweet milk
2 eggs
Beat eggs lightly, add sugar. Stir
in grated potatoes, syrup and sea-
sonings. Last add milk and melted
butter. Bake in casserole in BESIDE
gree oven for hour. Serve with or
without cream or orange sauce.
Raisins and nuts may be added If
desired, also any Of the seasonings
that you don't like may be left out.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-26
Keedysville News

One hundred and one members
were reported added to the county
Farm Bureau at meeting of chair
men and workers in the membership
drive. The meeting was held at the
Tortuga restaurant. The Keedys-
vile district reported the largest
number with sixteen present. Amos
Reeder, president of the county or
ganization, introduced Miss Madge
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-26
This And That

To make beef birds spread round
steak rectangles that are about 2 by
4 inches with a bread dressing; roll
and tie in shape, Brown in little
hot shortening, add small amount
of liquid such as water or tomato
juice, season, and braise.