davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-11-22
This and That

In mentioning the old novel. "West-
ways" by s. Weir Mitchell, M. D.. we
forgot to name it as an early example Of
the medical novel.
It's main interest as Civil War novel
should not make us overlook 1t as a
story dealing with medical facts.
The foremost position OF its author in
his day might lead one to expect some
thing different, in this line.
Today we have many stories about
doctors. There. are all sorts of books
about mental diseases. Some of these
go into great detail. and have made
themselves best sellers.
Dr. Mitchell, who originated the "rest
cure" of which we hear little today,
told his stories in the calmer, more re-
strained style of the old writer's.
In "Westways" we have, in addition to
a story about the Civil War as it af-
fected people at home. accounts of a
case of hysteria, brain operation and
more or less the life history of an alco-
holic.
Those are medical topics very much in
the forefront today, as we have hysteria
from the Bomb, many brilliant brain op-
erations, and alcoholics at every turn.
The point is that Mitchell pulled his
punches in describing such matters.
He did not go into the horrible details" I"
as writer's do today.
Evening star., 1950-11-22

completely from discussing the matter
and in so doing, prepare the mind of
the wife for the final outburst.
Her reaction, when her husband gives
her back her money. resigns from the
iron works. and enters the Union Army,
Is pure case Of hysteria.
She makes her husband think she will
die. But the doctor in the case is not
fooled. He knows she will come out of
it all right. and SO sends the husband
on to war as colonel, he having been
West Point man.
Later, the colonel is shot by one OF his
own men. at the battle of Gettysburg.
The sculprit Is victim of alcohol, and
wants to "get even" for slight. /.
Pressure Of bone on the colonel's brain
leads him to do many absurd things, un-
til an operation relieves him.
Such matters as these make this story
seem very up to the minute despite its
leisurely style and restrained manner of
telling. Today, description of brain
operation would become very harrow
ing thing to read.
'Westways" is notable for one other
thing. It contains heroine, Leila Grey,
who Is red-headed, and after whom, no
doubt, many women are named.
II your name Is Leila. this Is the
book for. you. n
Evening star., 1950-11-22
John II. Fohey

Public service and the profession of jour-
nalism alike lost one of their finest figures this
week in the death of John H. Fahey..
To journalism Mr.. Fahey gave devoted service
as reporter, editor and publisher for nearly three
score years. It was profession which he loved
and honored and in the later years of his full life
Mr.. Fahey found no greater pleasure or reaxa-
tion than participating in "shop talk" about
newspapering. To public service he brought the
same high principles and integrity and his ad-
ministration of the gigantic Home Owners Loan
Corporation set splendid mark for business-like
efficiency and distinction.
Mr. Fahey was liberal in the truest sense
His was liberalism unmixed with intolerance
and untainted by any foreign theology, liberal
ism rejecting only his own deeply sincere faith
in the American system and his good will toward
his fellow American people. 1t was quite fitting
that his final years should have been devoted to
his service as president of the Twentieth Century
Fund, non-profit foundation through which he
could channel his great executive and admins
trative ability in the direction of constructive
economic research calculated to bring guidance
and benefit to his country.
Evening star., 1950-11-22
Clarifying Promotion Policy

The Civil Service Commission has made a
reasonable ruling on the uncertain question of
Federal employees unemployment rights under
the temporary promotion order Neither the Gov
ernment nor the employees would benefit from a
policy which would interfere with the normal
advancement of deserving workers Yet there
would have been such interference had employees
faced the threat of being barred from returning
to their original jobs in event of loss of their
temporary higher status.
The executive order putting all promotions,
as we'll as appointments, on temporary basis
with few eXceptions) was not intended to
hamper the departments in making normal pro-
motions 1t would be grossly unfair to faithful
employe to offer him better position of tenn
porary duration and then to abolish not only the
new Job but his chances OF getting his old one
back, as well. The commissions clariflcation OF
the situation will ease the minds of personnel Of
ncials who had been concerned over the effect on
employees morale. of such policy.
In conjunction with the previous assurance
Evening star., 1950-11-22
By Charles E. TroceweU

But there is enough about them to
entitle him to be called one of the very
first to make such matters an integral
part Of a story.
In another of his forgotten stories
John Sherwood: Iron Monger," he has
a very full account of paranoiac
In another, TN War Time" he pre-
sents fully documented case of doc
tor who should not have been a doctor
Most of his novels contain one or more
medical problems. but they are all SUBJ
ordinated to the plot. and are not drawn
just to make the reader shudder.
In "Westways," the case of hysteria
is that of the wife of the owner of the
iron works. He is given contract to
supply guns and cannon balls to the
Union Army.
Since his wife is Southern woman,
this strikes her very heart.
She has loaned her husband money
to go into the iron works!
1t Is her money, in part, that will be
used to make ammunition to throw at
her own people.
This is led up to by repeated scenes
between the two, in which the oncoming
Civil War is a part of the story in q
very personal way.
The man and wife finally refrain
Evening star., 1950-11-22
Time in Amber

Your letter Uith the autumn Ieaves has
come three thousand miles.
see again the flaming naples In q
blue-hazed time of year,
Or euening smell OF frost, the chill sDeet
pungence of leaf smoke.
And k1,oaD that more than distance
separates that place iron. here.
The many days, like falling leapes. haps
sUted dotDn In time;
A decade gone, here in this country
OF no season and no change
ETcept that subtle alchemy of heart that
1Dith the passing years,
On looking back to once-kno,on place,
no,o finds it strange.
Yet, sharpened pith these leapes, as in
cameras instant flash.
Nostalgia and clear, lost memories
rush back thousandtold:
Again am that child first looking on
that annual miracle.
The naples in frosted garden, relin-
gushing their fakes OF gold.
FREDERICK EBRIGHT.
Evening star., 1950-11-22
Duff Of Pennsylvania

If Governor Duff of Pennsylvania takes
his press clippings seriously. your article
OF November Is about Pennsylvania S
new Senator-elect could lead to an un-
realistic and dangerous self-appraisal.
BY falling to run up a sizeable plural
ity IN Republican year in State which
has million more Republicans regis
tered than Democrats, Mr.. Duff will have
to be ingenious indeed to establish him.
self as a national figure. His plurality
over Senator Myers of 10000 was the
smallest received by any successful Re-
publican candidate for United States
Senator in the history of the Keystone
State.
In the Senate have been inferred
the hopes of countless presiden-
tial aspirants who reached the distin-
guished chamber full of vim, .vigor and
ambitious plans, only to be shattered by
the remorseless attacks of skillful de-
baters. Jim Duff had better be fully
prepared when he makes his first major
Evening star., 1950-11-22

some electoral votes for the Federalists.
In referendum, the State-undoubtedly
would have gone all the way for Jeffer-
son.
But If he realized that he was not
to be reelected by the electoral college,
John Adams gave no indication of it in
his address. He said in part:
Il congratulate the people of the
United States on the assembling of Con-
gress at the permanent seat of their
government. and congratulate you
gentlemen on the prospect of residence
not to be changed. Although there is
cause to apprehend that accommodations
wished, yet there is great reason to
believe that this inconvenience will cease
with the present session. It would be
unbecoming the Representatives of this
Nation to assemble for the first time in
this solemn. temple without looking up
to the Supreme Ruler of the Universe
and imploring His blessing.
May this Territory" Che was refer
ring to the District of Columbia) "be the
residence of virtue and happiness! In
this city may that piety and virtue, that
wisdom and magnanimity, that con-
stancy and self-government which
adorned the great character whose name
1t bears, be forever held in veneration!
Here. and throughout our country,
may simple manners, pure morals, and
true religion, flourish forever!
ut Is with you. gentlemen, to consider
whether the local powers over the Dis
trict OF Columbia. vested by the Consti-
tuition in the Congress of the United
States. shall be Immediately exercised.
Evening star., 1950-11-22
Gen. Perks and the Marines

In the recent letter, "The Army Has
Landed" the Armys Chief of Informa-
ton, Maj. Gen. F. L. Parks, indicates
that the Army has participated in more
amphibiouS operations and river cress-
ings than have the Marines. Is it pos
Sible that there are more important con-
SiderationS than mere numbers? An am
phibious operation is an development,
an development from the sea: otherwise
the forces involved would be limited to
the land or even excluded without lines
of communication by way of the sea.
And II the sea gives access to an unde-
Tended enemy area. more power to our
Army II it has utilized the sea. But by
statute. custom, and tradition it is the
mission Of the Marine Corps to prepare
for amphibious warfare. and that is un-
derstood to mean amphibious warfare
in its fullest sense. In the Pacific, the
Marines have been allotted the strongest
objectives as a matter of course. And
who would say that Gen. Macarthur has
lost any stature by utilizing the Marines
to spearhead his amphibious operations?
Gen. Parks writes: Furthermore,
shere were no Marines in the greatest
Amphibious operation of all military his
WHY 44dAACAyf tAAC 4At0c1Oll vi J1lC SUIl~
tinent of Europe through Normandy in
1914" This is a direct invitation for
further examination of the invasion of
Normandy, and 1t would be well If it
were fully presented to the American
public. Is it not true that the assault
phase of the Normandy landings can be
compared to two landings in the Pacific?
Do not the statistics show that Omaha
Beach and Utah Beach were each less
strongly fortified and each less strongly
manned by the enemy than objectives
seized by single Marine division in the
Pacific? And did not the Army require
many times that strength to seize a
weaker objective in the Normandy in
vasion? In fact, did not the Army COL
lect more casualties than the total num-
ber of Marines that would have been
initially committed to take those OBJ
jectives?
In spite Of their esprit de corps, their
thorough training and their strong lead
Evening star., 1950-11-22
By George Kennedy

nNE HUNDRED and nifty years ago
~ today, Congress met for the first
time in Washington.
The year 1900, the sesquicentennial
of which is being celebrated this year.
was set as the date for the transfer Of
the Government to the banks Of the
Potomac Government departments
moved in during the summer. President
Adams arrived November /. travelling
by carriage from Philadelphia through
Frederick.
Congress was scheduled to meet No
vember II, which was Monday, but
there was no quorum. 1t was not until
Saturday November %, that both houses
were able to notify the President that
they were in session and ready to receive
q communication from him.
The citizens of the District, who num-
bered only few thousand. had planned
to march to the Capitol from the Little
Hotel, at about Fifteenth and r streets
NV.
But there was some dispute over selec-
ton Of the master Of ceremonies, and
there was no parade. Perhaps the fact
that there had been a three-inch fall
of snow the day before had something to
do with 1t.
Congress met in joint session in the
north (Senate) wing of the Capitol.
That was the only part Of the building
SO far constructed. and 1t was incomplete.
Foundations had been laid for the center
(dome) part of the Capitol; the south
(House) end had hardly been started.
The joint session met in the basement
of the structure. The roof was supported
by timbers covered by plaster and
decorated with tablets of the Federal
seal and other devices. These temporary
supports of the roof were destroyed IA
years later, when the British set fire
to the structure.
It was the last message to Congress
personally read by President until
Woodrow Wilson resumed the custom in
1913. Thomas Jefferson, who succeeded
Adams. apparently decided that the
swanpy area between the Capitol and
the White House made presidential
appearance impractical
When John Adams went to Capitol
Hill $50 years ago to read his message,
he must have known his succession to
second term was unlikely. 1t was presi-
dental election year. New York had
canvassed in May and had gone over
whelmingly in favor of jefferson and
Burr.
In Pennsylvania, where there was no
popular vote that year. the Federalist
Senate was in fight with the Repub-
lican (Jeffersonian) House to try to save
Evening star., 1950-11-22
CAPITAL of q Great Nation

Some of the details of the first meeting of
Congress in Washington $50 years ago are recalled
by the accompanying article on this page today.
If President Truman plans to send a message
to the final session of the 81st Congress, as Presi-
dent Adams did in greeting the second session of
the 9Th, 1t would be appropriate for him to de-
vote o portion of 1t to repetition OF his own
excellent statement printed in The Star two
days ago, relative to the Importance OF regional
planning in making Washington "the best
planned city in the world and Capital befitting
the dignity and ideals OF q great nation in a
family of nations"
Mr. Kennedy's article quotes John Adams
admonition to Congress, meeting for the first
time "at the permanent seat of their govern
ment a residence not to be changed" to con-
slider Washington "as the Capital of a great
Nation" It must have been very difficult for
those 1873 members of the joint session to con-
slider it as anything other than the sprawling,
streetless village it was. just beginning to emerge
from the wilderness selected for its site. Almost
o century passed before succeeding Congresses
began to think of Washington as the Nations
city and to support its development as the Capital
of great nation.
AS Mr. Truman suggested in his statement,
this sesqucentennial year should mark the in
teligent beginning of another great period of
Capital development. Part of this development,
WlLQ1n the ClgnC boundaries OF Tue OlSITlCt Ol
Columbia, will take the form of redeyelopment,
correcting mistakes of the past But another part
will take place outside of the District of Columbia
in the great Metropolitan Area surrounding
Washington. The growth there must be planned
growth, meeting the needs of the people who
serve government and Of the government which
serves the people
Congressional approval of a reorganized and
strengthened National Capital Park and Planning
Commission, with more representation for the
people of this area and more effective means to
help meet their problems, has been delayed.
Legislation to accomplish the commissions re-
organization is still tied up in the House District
Committee, though passed by the Senate. The
President could well urge that this legislation be
completed by the short session, and that its ap
proval symbolzes the beginning of another CEN
tury and half of development of Washington
and It's environs as "the Capital of a great
Nation"
Evening star., 1950-11-22
julio MorIowe

am one of the many Washingtonians
who remember Julia Marlowe in her
prime. True, was quite young when
mother took me to the National Theater
to see new young actress as "Parthenia''
in Halm's "Ingomar," part made
famous by Mary Anderson years before.
The lovely Miss Marlowe's acting of the
Greek maiden who tames a barbarian,
and in scene of the second act speaks
the famous words about two souls with
but single thought. two hearts that
beat as one," brought her fame over
night.
Her Galathea (Gilbert's "Pygmalion
and Galathea"o; her Constance. in "The
Love Chase" with Henry Jewett; her
"Romala'; her "Chatterton"; her when
Knighthood Was in Flower; her Viola
in Twelfth Night; her ever-to-be-
remembered "Rosalind" became
highlights in my young life.
Once my great admiration and en-
thusiasm were put into poem and
addressed to the beloved artist. A short
her charming photograph, with her
autograph. Anita Schade.
Your fine tribute to Julia Marlowe
warns the heart of an old-time theater-
goer. You do not overpraise her artistry
and charm. Her peerless diction" en-
hanced the beauty of Shakespeare's lines.
The memory of her superb acting and
her gracious presence remains a joy
through the years. She was indeed
lovely lady.
James nj. Pickens.
Evening star., 1950-11-22
Security and Atomic Secrecy

In his interview with the magazine ~. s.
News and World Report" Chairman Gordon Dean
of the Atomic Energy Commission has empha-
sized the difficulty of trying to maintain an iron
curtain around the Nations A-bomb project.
Right now in his opinion there are only about
$50 Americans who have enough inside informa-
tion4vgiven the materials-to make such a
weapon but "the time may come when as many
as 800 900 or 400 900 people must know things at
the operational level" If the Nation is to be in
q real state of readiness in this highly perilous
age.
Accordingly as far as size, weight and shape
are concerned, Mr. Gordon suspects that the
bomb may have to be pretty much declassified in
the not-too-distant future. This is so for the
reason that companies contracting to make spe-
cial parts for the weapon will have to be let In on
vital facts which current security restrictions
keeping under wraps. And within those COM
panies If they are to contribute effectively to
the project, large numbers of persons will have
to be introduced to some of the most important
of the Aces present-day secrets. Otherwise the
"real readiness" which Mr.. Gordon has in mind
will be extremely difficult to achieve.
There was time of course, when we could
afford the luxury of very tight secrecy. That was
when the United States was the only nation in
the world that had A-weapon know-how. That
monopoly, however, no longer exists. The Soviet
Union-with the help of betrayers like Dr. Klaus
Fuchs, whose disloyalty advanced Russian atomic
research by as much as one or two years-is now
manufacturing the bomb. Accordingly, to keep
ahead In this grim race, our country may have
to take into its confidence an army of citizens
currently barred from the project Mr.. Dean has
left little room for doubt that security itself may
demand an early end to the Aces security
conscious secretivenesS.
Evening star., 1950-11-22
Those Compuiqn Readers

1t has been source of mystery to me
why the clever little campaign idea of
the Montgomery County Victory Com
mittee. McGuffey's First and Second
Readers. didn't produce more results
for its authors.
Could it be that. because Of the type
of education in vogue in Montgomery
County for SO many years, very few Of
its citizens can read anything so ad-
vanced as q second reader? Oh. awful
thought! Worried Parent
Silver Spring,
Evening star., 1950-11-22
James M. Pickens.
Through His Eyes

The most generous and unselfish act
Of which have ever heard was the gift
of Carter Barron's eyes to Episcopal
Hospital. Despite the shock of his sud-
den death. his widow wished that some
one else might see the beauty of the
world through his eyes.
In contrast to that is the story of
murderer who was electrocuted here a
few years ago. Wishing to atone as much
as possible for his crime, he willed his
eyes to the hospital But his next of kin
refused to carry out his desire
Lydia Mantle Fox.
Evening star., 1950-11-22
Congress Has Been Here $50 Years TODAY

II in your opinion this important trust
ought now to be exercised, you cannot
fail, while performing it, to take into
view the future probable situation of the
Territory for the happiness of which you
are about to provide. You will consider
1t as the Capital of great Nation
advancing. with un-exampled rapidity. in
arts and commerce, in wealth and in
population; and possessing. within itself.
those energies and resources which, If
not thrown away. or lamentabiy mis-
directed, will secure to it long course
OF prosperity and self-government."
From then on, the message was
largely taken up with defense. The first
item was quite at variance with the
situation today. The President said he
was carrying out the law passed in the
last session Of the Congress, directing
him to discharge the temporary Army
that had been authorized early in his
administration. +.
This Army had been organized because
OF the apparent imminence of war with
great power abroad-France. But the
President reported that his ENJOYS
Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipoten-
tiary" had been received by the First
Consul (Napoleon) with the respect due
to their character
This was John Adams great contribu-
tion-the end of the un-declared war
with France. Revolutionary France had
considered America an ally of Great
Britain. and American shipping legit-
innate prey to French privateers.
This was the period In which Capt
Thomas Truxtun's squadron captured
the French frigate Insurgent and de-
feated the Vengeance in the West Indies
The dispute almost became a war
after the publication of the xYZ papers.
showing that the French Foreign Min
lister, Talleyrand, had sent emissaries
(named only *, Y, and z" in our State
Departments report of the incident) to
suggest that bribe of $250,000 and
loan of $40 million might cause our
diplomatic representatives TO be received
by the French government.
That was the incident which caused
Charles Cotesworth Pinkney to voice
the battlecry: Millions for defense but
not one cent for tribute"
Ironically, John Adams success in
avoiding war caused his defeat for re-
election and the splitting and downfall
OF the Federalist Party. The peace course
he took was the one he was most criti-
cised for in his lifetime-and he was
much criticised for many things. But
Is years later he wrote that he would
have followed the same course again.
He suggested for his epitaph: Here Lies
John Adams. Who Took Upon Himself
the Responsibility of the Peace with
France in the Year 1900"
Evening star., 1950-11-22
ft-HortIey and the Bosses

The labor bosses. who feel that they
are bigger than Government, characterize
the Taft-Hartley Act as slave labor
law"
The proof that the rank and-file work.
ingmen of America do not share the
labor bosses characterization of that act
Is found In the fact that Senator Taft.
the acts co-author was not only re-
elected to the Senate from Ohio by an
unprecedented majority of 43O,00O-odd
votes, but carried the big industrial coun-
ties where labor organizations are the
strongest.
The Taft-Hartley Act does not hamper
union bargaining or union organization.
The Taft-Hartley Act is designed to re-
duce the labor boss to size, and that's
why the boss doesn't like it.
.. George E. Stringfellow.
Evening star., 1950-11-22
Letters to The Star
Pen-ran1es may be used if letters carry
aoriters' correct names and addresses
All letters subject to condensation.

ership. the Marines cannot work the i'm
possible, and of course there is an ex-
planation why the Marine Corps can
take fortified objective with less per-
sonnel and with less total casualties than
can other forces The explanation is
that the Marines have been able to
provide the catalytic quality necessary
to integrate and control the full force
OF all the supporting arms, artillery,
naval gunfire and aviation in support of
the fighting infantryman on the lowest
echelon.
Let there be glory for all men who
hight and lay down their lives for our
country. And may God speed the day
when our Army can successfully integrate
all the arms in support of the fighting
infantryman, even If they must emulate
VIC NA"i ilieS W oo 50. Reader.