davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arkansas State press., 1950-03-31

Kazan, whose "Gentlemen's Agree.
ment' Won the l9i7 Academy A
ward, is the latest step in career
that dates back to 1917 when she
sang at Baltimore's Lincoln Thea
ire for nine dollars a day.
Ethel looks back on a childhood
IN Philadelphia when her folks
We're SO poor they seldom knew
where the next meal was coming
from. In her teens, she took her
first job in a hotel at $475 a week.
One night she was singing for
friends at party c'from the time
could talk | was singing"l, when
two young impresarios heard her
and booked her for the Baltimore
engagement.
After touring the South, she
eventually worked her way up to
Harlem's after-dark spots. The
Plantation Club hired her for her
first major engagement and she
created a sensation with her rem
dition of "Dinah.'
In 1927 she appeared in her first
Broadway show, "Africana.
In Hollywood, in addition to
her initial film, "On With the
Show" and the cinema version
of Cabin in the Sky" she has
appeared in THE Cotton Club, >
Tales of Manhattan and Cairo.
Miss Waters considers 'Mamba's
Daughters" the greatest show OF
her career.
Arkansas State press., 1950-03-31
og..slt, Around
Newport

Dewitt Haynes aAd Willie r.
Alcorn have returned from Little
Rock where Mr. Haynes attended
to business negotiations with the
management Of the Arkansas
STATE PRESS newspaper. Be-
ginning this weef M Haynes is
news reporter for the STATE
PRESS in this city. Robert Smith
426 Clay street Is reporter Ed
Reed of Beedeyi,le was stricken
by a severe case of pneumonia
while visiting NJ. ald Mrs. II. c.
Ratliffe. He will re"ain at the
Rattliffe home DUNG his illness.
His condition is reported as c,iti-
cal Many fellows are leaving fo"
Texas an,re they expect 10 be
employee Il lie construction o. a
dam......I I WCek the Strand
theatre WIS p1tg, with many
spectators TO see Home af the
Brave.
Arkansas State press., 1950-03-31
ETHEL WATERS BACK IN DRAMATIC
ROLE HERE next week

Ethel Waters, who 20 years ago
was given her first serene part
by Darrys +. Zanack in On With
The Show" has returned to the
Zanuck fold with starring role
- mis- major l949 production,
: .'lnky," which begins It's engage
lent at the New Theatre on Tues
gay April 4.
Ine Twentieth Century-fox
drama of racial intolerance al
fords the celebrated musical COM
edy star and singer her first major
straight dramatic role since her
portrayal of Hagar in "Mamba S
Daughter" on Broadway in 1889
Subsequently, Miss Waters starr
ed in the stage and screen versions
of Cabin in the Sky and IN re-
cent years has appeared in night
clubs and song recitals throughout
the country.
The familiar deep warm voice
and compelling sincerity that made
her a much loved Broadway figure
mark her Characterization in PIN
KY" which eo-stars her with Jeann
Grain, Ethel Barrymore and Bill
Lundigan.
Because Miss Waters singing
featured her other films, Zanuek
originally planned to have her
sing in "Pinky" As the picture
developed, however, her role be-
came purely dramatic one
charged with emotional content,
Working with director Ella
Arkansas State press., 1950-03-31
MALVERN

Mr.. and Mrs. E. E. Bailey are
the proud parents of baby boy.
Mr. and Mrs. Ruben Morgan are
the parents of baby boy......Six
girls were awarded sweaters for
their services on the basketball
team. They were Lillian Smith,
Vera Newborn, Annie Powell. Oh
lie V. Crudup, Bonnie Owens, and
Jimmie Galbert....On the sick list
are Mrs. Callie Jordan and Jes-
sic Henderson. Please give your
news to the paper boy
Arkansas State press., 1950-03-31

Pleasant Baptist church, All other
members of the cast are members
of Bethel. Mrs. Fay Seoggn ms,
president; Mrs. lola 7. Mcdonald,
directress; Mrs +. M. Edwards,
sponsor; f. M, Monerief, reporter
Arkansas State press., 1950-03-31
Pine Bluff
BY John H. Coates Staff representative

Bluff journal edited by Milton Marvin Mapp and
KCA really fills the pines we'll the of
many Mr. Mapp senior AM&N college ps the
Arkansas State press., 1950-03-31

The first Baptist church. paored by Rev w Jackson,
Lord Sunday peoples day and
they charge throughout the Rev Jackson
very appropriate challenging the people to
worldly temptations The church has arranged show
pictures backing
preached by the pastor The BTU lively and
Eeresing girls find
ing scriptures named The girls in the lead
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
$4,000 Workers
In N. Y. Hotels
Win Poy Boost

New York (LPA)-A three-mar
arbitration panel has awarded 35,.
900 workers in 176 hotels here 8
pay increase ranging from $1.8(
to $4 a week. The boost is 8 per
cent as against the 15 to 20 per
cent the Hotel Trades Council -AFI
was seeking. The Council estimat.
ed the wage hike will mean ST.
100000 yearly.
The arbitration panel members
were Jay Rubin, union president
Edward p. Mulrooney, chairman
and former police commissioner
and Fred o. Cosgrove, industry
representative. In dissenting, Cos
grove said the higher wages were
unwarranted.
The raise is retroactive to June
| and either party may apply for
reconsideration of wages next year
Prior to the agreement, the mini
mum for maids was $3.50 a week
dishwashers, $50; elevator opera
tors, $35.60; walters, $40; service
bartenders, $40; telephone opera
tors, $50; porters, $31. The mini
mum for chefs was $50-$65 and
for bell boys $l7.10-$20.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
Cotton Congress
Asked By AFL Aide
TO Stop Wet Backs

Dallas, Texas (LPA)-The Ma
tional Cotton Research Congress
has been asked by the AFL to stop
the influx of wet backs. These are
Mexican farm laborers who enter
this country illegally by swimming
the Rio Grande.
The request came from j. L.
Rhodes, AFL southern director of
organization, who addressed the
congress in place of President
William Green, who. was unable to
attend.
Rhodes pointed out the employ
fent of wet-back labor does not
enhance the nations purchasing
power; that the wages sent out of
this country by these wet-backs do
not improve business conditions in
the United States, because their
earnings are not spent here, and
because they displace American
workers, who thus lose their pur-
chasing power.
Rhodes called on the cotton in
dustry to join labor at the bargain
ing table to establish fair and
equitable hours and working con-
ditions. As means to that end, he
said, industry should help repeal
the Taft Hartley act. ~
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03

saved.
Meanwhile, Samuel Gompers,
AFL head, was campaigning for
repeal or amendment of the Sher-
man act. Passage of the Clayton
act, in October 1914, was the re-
suit.
Says Elias Lieberman in his book,
."Unions Before The Bar, about
the Danbury Hatters case:
"Thus, the Sherman act, which
came into being as result of the
mounting resentment against busi-
ness monopolies-the law that was
designed as a protective measure
for the small businessman against
the destructive methods of the COM
binations of big business-was now
applied by the courts against labor
unions. The Law that was designed
primarily to curb the evils of mass
ed capital and the accompanying
concentration of economic power
was now directed against organiza-
tions of workers who were not in
volved in business or commerce at
ALL"
Loewe collected his pound of
flesh, but his business went to pot,
and in 1927 the manufacturers had
to raise fund to help him. He
lived on others kindness the last
years of his life. And in 1947, his
grandson was working in a hat
factory. And he was member Of
the Hatters' Union.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03

to this list, he continued.
By this time, $22,400 would be
used up, Gerard said. He proposed
using the $4,000 balance to distri-
butte Compulsory Medical Care
and the Welfare State" book by
Melchior Palyi attacking health in
surance. Lilly could get it for a
dollar a copy. Moreover, the COM
pany's card could be put in every
copy of the Palyi book and other
books, Gerard added.
The proposition must h rave
sounded good to the Lilly people.
On Jan. "a they sent a check for
$4,000 drawn on the Chemical
Bank & Trust Co. of New York.
Meanwhile the company said Ger
ards specific proposals had been
turned over to its industrial rela-
tions expert, ]. F. Modrall. The
Lilly spokesman reported that
Modrall was already cooperating
with the Indianapolis Chamber of
Commerce on "our company's over
all program"-whatever that might
be.
On Feb. 2, Rumely himself en-
tered the picture. He wrote Nikolas
l.. Noyes, Lilly president, acknow-
lodging receipt of the check "for
which a credit is being set up on
our books against which you may
draw for any literature" A "cred
it,, please note, not contribution.
Thanks again for your helpful
cooperation in the purchase and
distribution of the committees edu-
cational literature" Rumely gush-
ed. Not missing a trick, he enclos-
ed a bit of propaganda against
health insurance he said had just
been mailed to list of top doc
tors in the American Medical AS
sociation.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03

The latter court asked the US Sup.
RENE Court for guidance, since the
case was novel Interpretation OF
the Sherman act. The case was
argued before the Supreme Court
late in 1907, with the AFL filing
a brief as "a friend of the court.
The company argued the unior
and the AFL were engaged in q
conspiracy to restrain interstate
trade. Chief Justice Melville w
Fuller agreed, in decision Feb. 8
1908, reversed the lower court, ano
remanded the case to the Circuit
Court.
Twenty months later, the case
was argued. Young Merritt this
time argued the Supreme Court
ruling meant that not only every
member of the Hatters' union, but
every member of the AFL could be
held liable for the actions of theil
officers. Merritt called the AFL "a
great engine of destruction"
The unions lawyers argued this
was a plot by the Anti-Boycott
Assn. to ruin not only the Hatters
union but the entire organized labor
movement. They argued against
making individual union members
responsible.
After a four-month trial, when
the Judge told the jury their only
problem was the amount of dam
ages to fix, the jury awarded $74,-
1000 damages. With the triple
damage clause of the Sherman act,
and the costs and attorneys fees,
this came to $223, 700.
The union appealed and won, the
judgment was reversed, and a new
trial ordered. The union lost, and
this time the damages were set at
1852, ,130. The union again appeal
ed, and lost. So the union then ap-
'pealed to the US Supreme Court.
Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes,
on Jan. 5, 1915, handed down the
decision. The union was guilty of
combination and conspiracy; the in
dividual union members were joint
ly liable.
Loewe's company demanded pay
ment and started to foreclose on
the homes of 1856 union members.
The AFL appealed to the entire
labor movement, asking for dona-
tions of an hours pay on "Hatters'
Day." Americas workers came
through, and the 1856 homes were
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
NOTICE

= The Tenth Green Reunion
= will be held at the Upper
:. Pavilion, T hompso Park,
+ East Liverpool, Ohio on Sun
i day, August l3, 1850. All des-
: cendants of Isaac Green, Sr.
= are invited to attend the
: picnic.
: If additional information is
= requested, please contact the
= president of the Green Re
:: union, Wallace Green, h. ID.
= No. 3, Canonsburg, Pa.
l.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
Union Pickets To Halt Hoarding

Philadelphia (LPA)-Not to win
a strike but to stop "scare buying
and boarding of food and other
commodities, the Transport Work
ers Union set up picket lines al
retail stores here. The piekets were
chosen from the 5000 members OF
the 10,500-member union who are
veterans of both world wars, ex-
planned Andrew j. Kaelin, loca
president. It's the customers, ano
not the stores that the pickets want
to impress. 81 hope the picketine
viii end the disgusting spectacle OF
hysterical and unpatriotic buying
we have witnessed in the past few
days, Kaelin said.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03

Ask for Union Labeled merchan-
disc.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
|DdnburY Hdtters' Case Wds
Redl Hedvy Blow To Labor

Washington (LPA) - "Danbury
Hatters Resist Wage Cuts, Renew
Agreements, read the headline ir
the July Is issue of The Hat Work.
er. Which brings to mind one OF
the famous labor stories of Ameri-
can history-The Danbury HatterS
Case.
That was the one in which the
US Supreme Court so mangled the
Sherman antitrust act that the
homes of 1856 members of the union
were saved from foreclosure only
because American labor rallied tc
raise the fine of $685. ,130 finally
levied against the union and indi-
vidual union members.
The legal fight lasted 10 years,
and for most of that time the
homes and bank accounts of 24e
union members were tied up by
court order.
The final decision, applying to
labor, the laws regulating property
rights, led to agitation by unions
for legislation making a distinc-
tion between human rights and
property rights. The Clayton act
was the result.
The United Hatters of North
America in 1901 tried to organize
the Danbury, Conn. shop of Die
trich E. Loewe and Martin Fuchs.
Loewe turned the union down, and
a strike was called July 25, 1902.
Loewe was ready. He had been
promised $4,000 aid by other non
union hat makers, led by C. H.
Merritt. The latter's son, Walter
Gordon Merritt, was Loewe's at
torney.
The union put Loewe on it's un-
fair list. 1t sent organizers to
Loewe's customers, telling them if
they handled Loewe's good, they'd
go on the unfair list too. The Am
erican Federation of Labor put
Loewe on it's 1--WE don't patronife
list", and the union put out circu-
lars describing the working condi-
tions and pay at the plant. (Loewe
paid $13 for IL to 15 hour day.
Union shops then faid $22 to $24
for an 8-hour day..
The American Anti-Boycott AS
sociation, newly organized by Dan
iel Davenport, an attorney, prom
ised Loewe funds if he pressed the
case. Davenport wanted a legal
decision that boycotts We're illegal
under the Sherman act, and that
union members were individually
liable for damages. And that's what
the final decision was.
Young Merritt first checked on
what union members owned homes
or had bank accounts. Then he sued
in the state courts, charging con-
spiracy, and asking 100000 dam
ages; and in the US District Court,
charging violation of the Sherman
act, and asking $240,000 damages.
At the same time, he had the homes
and bank accounts of 248 union
members attached.
The first US District court decis-
ion was for the union. Loewe ap-
pealed to the US Circuit Court.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
BY ALyAINE HAMILTON

Washington (LPA)-Whether or
not there are price controls and
rationing of civilian goods from
nylon stockings to automobiles de-
pends on the reaction of the people
of the US to the crisis created by
the Korean war, and the extend OF
boarding. That was made clear by
Chairman Stuart Symington of the
National Security Resources Board
in testimony before both Senate
and House Banking committee.
How far it is necessary to mobilize
for total, all-out war, Symington
told the Congressman depends on
"other people" outside the US bor-
ders.
However, he made it clear, five
of the 20 parts of all-out war mo-
bilization are included in the De-
tense Production Act of 1850,
which he appeared to support and
which will probably reach the floor
of House and Senate shortly.
Chairman Brent Spence of the
House committee expressed hope
that he could get the bill to the
floor by July 28 or the 31st at the
latest.
The bill would give the President
authority to allocate materials and
facilities especially steel and
aluminium) for military ahead of
civilian uses. 1t would allow him
to take over facilities when needed
for the national defense. In addi-
ton, it would provide the green
light for $2,000,000, 900 program
Of loans to new enterprises, for
expansion of old enterprises, and
for buying scarce and vital mater
ials, in the form of "V-loans." 1t
would also provide for control of
installment and other credit buy
ing for consumers to curb initiation.
All of these powers would be given
the President until June 30, 1852,
or until the Congress votes to end
them.
"If this nation is to survive" +"
Symington emphasized earnestly
to both Senate and House groups,
sit must increase promptly its own
military stature, as well as those
of it's allies" He urged prompt
passage" of the bill.
Republican objections to Sym
ington's proposals came from Sen.
Homer Capehart CIR, Ind) and
Rep. Jesse Wolcott Or, Mich.).
They complained that the Presi-
dent should declare a national en-
ergency, and use powers already
granted him under such circum-
stances to control consumer credit
and materials. Symington explain
ed, that if the war spread more
controls would be requested. Mean
while, this bill would serve as
warning to "the people that have
the key to about war" that we
mean business.
Sen. John Sparkman Cd, Ala.)
proposed that the President be
given a basis of judgement for
seizing production facilities, and
Symington agreed. Sen. Paul Doug
las Cd, Ill.) asked if there would
be ALLEGATIONS Of such scarce ma
terials as steel for civilian uses,
such as housing in contrast to
cocktail bars, after war allocations,
and Symington said this would be
done.
Symington said that in World
War ii, 90 percent of the bust
nesses of the US were willing to
play ball with the government on
war orders, but that it was neces-
sary to give the President powers
to deal with the stubborn or selfish
10 percent.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
Symington Urges Military Production
Bill; Asks ALLEGATION Of Scarce Goods

Strike, wage and manpower con-
trolls are not covered by the pre-
sent bill, Symington said. They
might come later if the war
spreads. Under the Selective Ser
vice act, he said the President can
seize strike-bound plants. He said
he "hoped and expected" message
within a few days calling for an
excess profits tax.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
No Need For Hike
lin Food Prices,
Brannan Repeats

Washington (LPA)-Food sup
plies are adequate, and there's no
reason for boarding or for price
increases. Agriculture Secretary
Charles Brannan repeated that
statement before the House Agri-
culture committee July "a.
His department, Brannan testi-
fled, is worried not about possible
shortages but about what to do
with the tremendous food surpluses
bulging government warehouses,
He asked for money to package and
ship some of the surplus food to
welfare agencies here and abroad,
A bill by Rep. Walter Granger %,
Utah) would provide $5Q,00O,0O0
for that purpose.
eve have adequate supplies,
Brannan declared, "and there is no
need for the boarding or for the
rise in prices" The one-cent rise
i'm the price Of bread was unjusti-
fled, said Brannan. There was no
rise in wheat prices, no rise In
labor costs, and no rise in any other
production factor that he knew of.
The increases have not been the
result of "profiteering by the Am
erican farmer" Rep. w. r. Poage
Cd, Tex.) pointed out. He cited fig
ures for June 3 to July 20 showing
prices paid farmers for wheat,
beef and butter have not risen
much.
Inventories of butter, cheese,
powdered milk, eggs, and potatoes
must be disposed of before they
perish, Brannan said. Storable
crops such as wheat, corn and cot
ton should be held in reserve be-
cause of the Korean situation.
They "are now more clearly than
ever an important factor in our
national strength" he told the com
mittee.
In asking for money to dispose
of the perishable surpluses, the
Secretary made it clear the admin
istration has no intention of aband-
oning its fight for the "Brannan
Plan" Under the Brannan Plan,
surpluses wouldn't pile up because
the food would be put right on the
open market, letting prices drop
for consumers. "We still think that
is the solution for moving products
in the normal channels of trade" ;"
Brannan declared.
In the event of war there would
be slightly more consumption of
dairy products and eggs, Bran
nan said, but not enough to affect
the problem of getting rid of the
huge .surpluses. TITS not the same
as when we entered World War
H." he pointed out. "We already
have a high level Of employment
and purchasing power. The rise
can't be as rapid"
A suggestion by Rep. August II.
Andersen OR, Minn.) that the sur
plus food be given to the Army
was vigorously opposed by Bran
nan because ait would cut into the
normal market"
Commodities which the govern
ment has stored, the hearing
brought out, are not the products
that are being boarded. PUTTING
them on the open market would not
end the scare buying of items such
-. ..,,nn.. nnffnn nnl -nnn
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
TIME PROFITS ZOOM BUT
MAGAZINE REBUFFS UNION

New York (LPA)-Time, Inc,
earned $5,042,000 the first six
month this year. This was $1,O35,-
900 more than in the same period
a year ago. But Time Magazine is,
saying "No" to the proposals of it's
employees, represented by the New,
York Newspaper Guild, for wage
and other improvements.
Time, Inc, made more profits ON
less business, according to its own
figures. The trick was done by
cutting expenses almost $3,000,000.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
Paper Mill Shuts 40 Jobless

Holyoke, Mass. (LPA) - The
Franklin Paper Co., after 81 years
of operation, has closed, throwing
out of work AZ members of the
AFL Paper Makers, and seven
members of other unions. Manage
ment said it could not meet the
competition of the modern South
ern mills and the large integrated
mills.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-08-03
OFFER REJECTED, PAPER
FIRM TO CLOSE IT'S PLANTS

Gouverneur, N. Y. (LPA)-The
AFL Pulp, Sulphite AMI Papermill
Workers having rejected a com
pany offer to end a month-old
strike, the Rushmore Paper Mills,
Inc. is closing. The firm proposed
a three-cent hourly wage increase
for 48-hour week and five-cent
boost for a 40-hour week. The 240-
man local seeks an ll-cent increase
and other benefits. Present rate is
81.
James S. Wemyss, the owner, has
ordered an immediate shut t-down of
his plants here and at Natural
Dam until such time as reason
able labor contract can be deter
mined"