davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-08-24
By Charles E. TroceweN

conclusion" that all do such deeds.
We prefer to believe that in all bird
species, whether catbird, jay sparrow,
robin, cardinal, or others, there are
specimen birds which now and then do
evil
We can thoroughly understand this
in human beings, and admit its validity
though the reason is far to seek.
Similarly, it is best to believe that a
single catbird, now and then does steal
eggs of young from the nests of other
birds, but that most catbirds do not.
For his music alone, he may be liked,
and is ranked third, next to the mock
ingbird and the brown thrasher.
He is good bird to have around,
eating many insect foes of man, includ-
ing ants, beetles, caterpillars and spiders.
II have two pairs" writes G. o. S.
They have each raised two broods safely,
in spite of three cats across the street,
and one next door. Cold water discour-
! aged them"
Catbirds need protection, since they
nest low, and often leave nests UNI
guarded. Animals find them easy to get
into. since they are large and bulky, wide
at the top, and seldom more than ten
feet from the ground, usually not more
than four or five feet high.
Evening star., 1950-08-24
This and That

In the hurry and hustle of everyday
life, G. c. S. of Kensington, Md. stops
to speak up for the catbird.
This is a good thing, for there is no
better bird.
It has peculiar cry, which persons
who do not care for cats profess to
dislike.
If one listens long enough, however,
the meow of the catbird-so appropri-
ately named-becomes easy on the ears.
easy does it," an old slogan, fits this
singer.
Not every listener recognizes the true
singing of the creature.
The mewing cry is just his call.
His real singing greatly resembles that
of the mockingbird, and to some listeners
is every bit as good.
To others, more critical, the catbird
seems lesser singer in every respect
His singing is mixed with harsh calls,
they say. Even the mocker at times puts
in grating noises, true artist that he is.
sweet sound is all the sweeter for
little !disSonance This is true in all
music, and the principle is utilized by
every human musician.
Much of our jazz music is built solidly
~ the same principle. A
Evening star., 1950-08-24

loads. He lives on couple of bowls Of
rice a day when necessary and has
Oriental patience and determination in
fighting against great odds.
He is fighting his own people in his
own country and knows how to exploit
both the psychology of the enemy and
the terrain. He has little hope of sur
vival if captured, yet willingly performs
dangerous missions behind North Korean
lines.
American patrols hunting enemy pris-
oners always include some ROK soldiers,
who are in double jeopardy. The Ko-
reanS must run all the customary risks
of night patrolling plus the danger of
being shot by mistake by their Amer
lean comrades, and there have been
several tragic instances of misidentity.
The South Korean troops capacity for
physical punishment plus their instinct
for Indian style combat have made them
popular allies of the hard-pressed Ameri-
cans. Some units of proven ability are
in such demand that American COM
manders compete for their services.
One of these legendary forces is COM
manded by Col. Kim Hi Che. who is
Evening star., 1950-08-24
Freedom of Choice

Census Bureau figures released in the past
few weeks are interesting in themselves simply
as statistics. But they also have certain phio-
sophie connotations of significance. For example,
they show definite shifts in population That was
to be expected, but it nevertheless is worth
thinking about in relation to some of the prob
lens with which Americans currently are faced
in the world beyond their own national borders.
CALIFORNIA; growth between 1910 and 1850,
1t has been announced, equalled about one-f1fth
OF the gain of the entire country. Coincidentally,
Florida added A per cent to its population.
Nothing compelled the new residents of those
States to go there or to stay there. very
considerable number of them left the neighbor-
hoods in which they were born and raised and
went to mllder climates or new job opportunities
because they wished to do so for their own per-
Sonal comfort and convenience They exercised
their freedom to choose where they should live.
That principle has been operative throughout
the history of the Western Hemisphere. With
relatively few EXCEPTIONS our ancestors migrated
from Europe to America simply because it suited
them to change the locale of their lives. Some
came for religious reasons, some for political,
some for economic, some mainly for adventure.
Most them remained in the New World, but
not all of them stayed put in the places in which
they first settled. Movement has been a natural
law OF human life in America. Even when it was
difficult to go, say, from Vermont to Illinois or
from Georgia to Texas hundreds of families made
the trip. The Mormon trek to Utah was only one
of many mass transfers of population character
istic Of the 10th century California got its first
major accessions of people in 1849 following the
discovery of gold. The rush" still continues
because whole groups of men, women and
children are responsive to such magnets as the
motion picture and aviation industries, both of
which are in sense byproducts of climate.
Pleasant weather theoretically might seem
minor matter, but Florida with its great
increase in population is proof of the value of
sunshine Even a casual visit to Miami or st.
Petersburg or Sarasota will suffice to convince
anybody that thousands of regular residents have
chosen to live there, rather than in their native
towns of Ohio or Iowa or Minnesota, principally
to get away from the snow and ice of winter in
those States.
New York's advance, too, results from the
power of average Americans to change their
home environments. The same observation ap-
plies in some degree to the District of Columbia
and nearby Maryland and Virginia. People came
here during World War II and have elected to
stay. They have conformed to the democratic
doctrine of liberty of choice which the citizens
of other, less fortunate nations are denied-or
d allowed to avail themselves of only under condi-
tions OF disaster and panic.
Evening star., 1950-08-24
SkepticuI View Of France

I note that France says that if the
United States will send five divisions of
Americans to protect her and will fur
nish the necessary money and arms, she
will begin to build up her defenses
against becoming Russian puppet.
My opinion is that we should not put
another man nor another dollar nor any
munitions of war into France. Some of
her leaders sarcastically have said that
they don't want to be liberated" again.
Their actions in the last war make it
clear that as soon as Russia said boo"
to them they would surrender the war
materials to Russia and leave the Amer
leans and British to save their hides.
1t makes no difference how poor
country is, it still has it's men and if
they are not willing to stand four square
for the preservation of human liberty,
their own included, they have no cause
of complaint if George" refuses to do
it for them.
Frank G. Campbell.
Evening star., 1950-08-24
ScoIds Senutor Byrd

The weasel-wordy Senator from Vir-
ginia, Harry Flood Byrd, has just pulled
another of his public double talks.
He is quoted in Friday evenings Star
august 49, as telling the Virginia
American Legion convention "The only
way to stop Russias march over Europe.
when it starts, is to keep in Europe from
million to million American soldiers"
The Star also adds that Senator Byrd's
next remark, apparently overlooked by
other reporters, was: Are the American
people willing for an indefinite period
to keep that large a standing army out
side our continent?"
Assuming, as do, that The Stars ac-
count is correct, must evaluate Mr..
Byrd's statements as follows: He has
a long record of uncompromising op-
Evening star., 1950-08-24
Mr.. KohIberg VS.. Mr.. baltimore

Your paper reported that Owen Latti-
more stated that Senator Mccarthy
merely re-hashed charges which 7 had
previously made against him, and which
had been publicly "discredited" Prof
baltimore threatened to sue Senator
Mccarthy If he would repeat his charges
without senatorial immunity.
On March 18, 1947. published the
statement that Mr.. baltimore main
tains liaison with heads of Communist
Party; repeatedly operative for Soviet
Military Intelligence in Far East" and
on May % this year, repeated the
above. I am financially responsible, yet
Mr.. baltimore doesn't sue me.
: Senator Mccarthy charged that Prof.
baltimore was the architect of our Far
Eastern policy. Prof. baltimore. the
State Department and the Tydings Com
Evening star., 1950-08-24
Wants DPS Preferred

The three Polish diplomats who are
asking asylum in this country certainly
should not be forced to return to Poland.
On the other hand. the unfairnesS Of
allowing these three men, who came
to this country as employees Of a Com
munist government and who have
worked for that government. to remain
in the United States becomes clear
when one stops to recall how many
displaced persons are waiting in Europe
for the day when they can come here.
Among the thousands of displaced
persons and refugees in German camps
are many who fled their countries be-
cause their lives and freedom were en-
dangered because they worked for
Westerners. Ex-employes of American
embassies in the Iron Curtain countries,
of journalists working for American
newspapers, and of American business
men today sit in displaced persons camps
unable to get visas to this country.
These people are sincere democrats who
faithfully served their Western en-
ployers and finally had to flee their
homes for their lives.
And while these honest persons of
democratic conviction wait hopelessly
and homelessly, we find Communists
and employees of Communist govern
ments being granted asylum. Why not
let these people trade places with an
equal number of refugees who have
been fighting Communism? Why not
put these people to a real test of their
sincerity? If they are true democrats,
they will await their turns to enjoy the
comforts and freedoms of American life
in DIP camps. and make room in this,
country for few who have waited
longer in exile than they have.
Mary CabbOt.
Evening star., 1950-08-24
Letters to The Star
A pseudonyxa is permissible only
when letter carries correct name
and address of aUriter. Please be brief.

mittee all denied it. In his book Soviet
Asia Mission Q946), former Vice Presi-
dent Henry Wallace said: "As we began
to talk about details it became apparent
that President Roosevelt had much more
than China in mind. He urged me to
take Owen baltimore with me, who, he
said. was one of the worlds great experts
on the problems involving Chinese
Russian relationships
A luncheon in honor of Mr.. baltimore
was given by the Institute of Pacific Re-
lations early in 1916. The invitation to
the luncheon, which I hold states (and
correctly that Mr.. baltimore was a
special representative of President Tru-
man in Japan, on the mission from
which he had just returned MIR. Latti-
more's control of our foreign policy
seems to have been on a presidential
rather than State Department level
Alfred KOhlberg.
Evening star., 1950-08-24
Total responsibility

Once again, totally irresponsible union lead
ers have taken advantage of a grave national
emergency to extort concessions which are not
justified and which they can hope to secure only
by shameless abuse of their inordinate economic
power
At the outset, it cannot be emphasized too
strongly that there is not the slightest juStifica
for the Nationwide railroad strike which has
been called for Monday morning by two unions
the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen and the
Order of Railway Conductors.
These unions want 40-hour week for their
members with the equivalent of pay for 48 hours.
This would mean an increase of about 81 cents
an hour. When the dispute could not be settled
through negotiation, it was referred under the
provisions of the Railway Labor Act, to presi-
dental fact-fndng board The board heard all
of the testimony and then recommended that
the unions be granted the 40-hour week with
pay increase approximatng 18 cents an hour.
That, the board found, was all they were en-
titled to. The railroads accepted this recon-
mendation, but the unions rejected it. Later,
trying to prevent strike, the railroads raised
the offer to % cents an hour. But the unions
still said not had to be all or nothing
As first step they called three "token"
strikes which threw some 10000 men out of
work and cut into the Nations steel produc-
tion. Then, in magnanimous gesture, they an
President no more strikes would be called for
the time being. short time later the Presi-
dent was notified that the Nationwide strike
call had gone out.
So, with the country at war in Korea and
in the midst of it's desperate preparations to
prepare for the far greater hazard of possible
war with Russia, two unions, having the power
to strangle the national economy, have served
notice that this is what they intend to do.
And all to the end of blackjacking the country
into giving them something to which they are
not entitled
Perhaps these unions do not really expect
to go through with this strike. If they do,
their leadership is much worse than irresponsible.
Presumably the strike call is a move to force
the President to seize the railroads in the hope
that the Government will give them what they
cannot otherwise get. Unless the strike is can
ceed, the President, of course, will have to
seize the roads. But it will be a black day for
this country if Mr.. Truman after seizure yields
an inch to these unions which put selfish and
arbitrary demands above all considerations of
the national welfare
We are putting guns in the hands of some
men and sending them out to fight and die
on the premise that the security of the Nation
demands this supreme sacrifice. In this setting,
1t would be nothing short of criminal to temporize
with other men who, in the name of unionism,
fense The President simply cannot bow to this
outrageous pressure that is being brought to
bear upon him.
Evening star., 1950-08-24
South Koreans Now Paying Back North
By Brooks Mcclure

THE South Korean Army-widely re-
L ported to have been destroyed in the
first week of the war-today is paying
back the North Koreans for eafly defeats
in some of the bitterest fighting Of this
savage campaign.
About 10000 "ROK" troops have scored
one success after another against an
enemy which is still superior in numbers
and arms. Fighting almost without rest,
they have used every possible tactical de-
vice to counterattack the Communists
while fulfilling their primary mission of
holding the Pusan perimeter at the side
OF American soldiers and Marines.
Their greatest asset to the American
command is their reliability and dis
cipline. One American staff officer, ad-
mitting he had underestimate the South
Korean troops at first, paid them the
highest compliment in the book: "They
go where you tell them and they stay
there until you tell them to pull back"
This tenacity has been tested by assign
ing Korean troops to cover retreats of the
main forces on several occasions.
Where every man or gun makes diff
ference, the South Korean forces have
been vital in helping to keep the Red in
vaders from throwing the Allied forces
into the sea. But recognition has been
slow in coming, and the bitter defeats of
the first few days of the war are still
remembered by the American public.
After heroic but hopeless stand at
the gates of Seoul for more than day,
the South Korean forces snapped under
the pressure OF enemy armor, air power,
heavy artillery and massed infantry.
Soldiers were reported to have refused to
mine roads, discarded their weapons and
fed to the hills. Others retreated in dis
order.
There was rash criticism of the train
ing and courage of the ROK troops.
It was suggested that the average soldier
would not fight for the corrupt Rhee
regime" But when American troops
met the North Koreans in combat, the
truth became evident. The enemy had
been underestimated; he had artillery
which outranged ours, his tanks were
impervious to our AT weapons and his
troops were combat-Seasoned.
Now the South Korean Army has
been reinforced and regrouped into five
divisions which have proved a match
for the best enemy units. Lacking trans
port, they have taken positions in the
rugged mountains where civilian bearers
supply them with food and ammunition.
Their few trucks are used to evacuate
the wounded
The little South Korean infantryman
he's only S feet 4 inches tall on the
average and weighs about 100 pounds
is nevertheless tougher than the occu-
pation-trained CT. His legs are hard
ened to mountain climbing and he's
noted for his ability to carry heavy
Evening star., 1950-08-24
Cites Precedent for Boycott

In the woods there are ants and mos
quitoeS. and in the Capital Transit
buses and streetcars there are radios.
For the ants and mosquitoes there are
repellent lotions, but no one has yet de-
vised anything to stop the radios, and
the music CD goes round and round"
But many persons, believing that their
ears are their own personal property and
not lawfully subject to sale by the Capt.
tai Transit Company, are using the only
weapon they have to fight this public
nuisance. AS matter of principle, they
are refusing to make purchases in stores
that use this medium of advertising.
These persons are following in the foot
steps of their ancestors who refused to
purchase tea because they believed that
it was unjustly taxed by the British.
Thelma A. Cressy.
Evening star., 1950-08-24
Call the Psyehiotrists!

The Governments efforts to give away
surplus food, bought with hundreds OF millions
of dollars extracted from lamb-like taxpayers IN
order to keep the price of food high for these
same taxpayers, has been something of flop.
The Government now has on hand in perishable
food, $465 million worth of dried milk; 1888
million worth of cheese; $12o.5 million worth of
butter; $121.8 million worth of eggs.
So the House has liberalized the terms under
which the food will be given away to public and
charitable institutions. Hitherto, the recipient of
this free food had to pay the cost of the freight
and packaging Now our rich Government (Which
has been operating in the red for so long that
a balanced budget is a financial freak is going
to assume the cost Of freight and packaging in
sending this free food to qualified recipients,
unless they are Communists This. the House
was told should help to diminish the huge stores
of perishable food that the Government holds
and which was bought at cost of $324.1 million,
and which may spoil unless something is DONE
This may help But the joker in this shady
transaction is not the cost of packaging and
shipping. The joker is that the institutional
recipients of this free food are not permitted
under the terms of getting it, to reduce their
normal expenditures for food. In other words.
the free food may supplement, but cannot be
substituted for, the food purchased through
regular channels.
An Illustration of what this means is furnished
by the District of Columbia. which has received
some of this surplus food for its welfare and
other institutions. It has acquired, in the past,
quantities of apple sauce, dried eggs grapefruit
juice, potatoes honey, pruneS, raisins butter and
cheese. But this food must be added to the food
regularly purchased for these institutions. In
the case of potatoes, for example, it may mean
extra helpings. In the case of other things. it
H.
while it may be of benefit to the inmates of
the Jail, the public hospitals and other public
institutions, it is of no help to the District of
Columbia in trying to save money on the food
it buys at public expense.
If the free food were permitted to be used
as substitute for food bought through regular
channels, the effect of course, would be self
defeating-for that would merely add to the
Governments surplus. Perhaps there is nc
Evening star., 1950-08-24

answer to the problem, other than the one
suggested in House debate by that champion of
the taxpayer, Mr. Rich of Pennsylvania, who so
often finds himself alone in the fast company
he keeps. Mr. Rich said that the House needed
psychiatrists on the floor, to make mental
examination of the members "In my two min
utes, Mr.. Chairman" he concluded, "let me say
that we ought to add an amendment to this bill
that will get the psychatrists in here right away
quick"
Evening star., 1950-08-24
Dreum House

The sun seeps through unfinished tDalls
To spill fresh gold upon the red
OF ne,D earth folded back to hold
A dream house, get untenanted
Except By dreams. How full each sound.
Each hammers stroke, each transient
stain
That dGrkenS on the lDine-rough brick
The breath of summer -StDeetened rain:
Here, urgent roots run deep: q man
And aUon,an lift their eyes to trace
The angled eaveS against the sky,
Where blue and lDood- d-green interlace.
This is the ultimate design.
= That from the broken crust of loan
gAnd threads of trampled grass should riss
The quiet loneliness of home.
ELEANOR GIBBS.
Evening star., 1950-08-24

only 28 years old. His regiment not
only has repeatedly whipped the enemy
but has captured quantities of Russian
automatic arms and distributed them to
South Korean police for fighting guer-
rillas. His fame has spread among the
natives, and he never lacks for replace
ments. Everywhere he goes he gets
enthusiastic volunteers.
Col. Kim's force, like most of the
South Korean Army, has suffered from
lack of communications equipment and
other supplies at crucial times. But his
solutions are simple: Mortar crews set
up their weaspons on the top of hills
so the gunners can observe their own
fire: string run from hidden bazooka
team to an observer on hill is used
to signal the approach of an enemy tank.
Correspondents have reported few
complaints from South Korean troops.
Although they can use almost any sup
plies they can get, their priorities are
ammunition, artillery support and air
cover-in that order. These, plus ration
of rice and water, guarantee a rough
time for the North Koreans.
Evening star., 1950-08-24
Leadership for Reurminq

Three times within the past 80 years
American boys were sent into battle.
half trained. poorly equipped and out
numbered, while America rearmed and
trained an army capable Of stopping an
enemy. Why do we never learn the
obvious, waiting like sitting duck to
be taken! Who is responsible for this
slaughter of American youth but the
Commander in Chief, who has the re-
ports from all over the world and whose
duty it is to see to the security of the
Nation?
The world is waiting for America to
lead. not follow. The world will follow
inspired leadership; leadership with
vision, with courage, with confidence in
self and in America. Trust the people,
and they will respond as they did to
the leadership of Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Fred p. Patton,
North Sacramento, Calf.
Evening star., 1950-08-24

position to the Marshall Plan, and to most
other forms Of appropriation designed to
equip this Nation for its new role Of
world leadership. Is he suddenly revers-
ing himself now?
More likely, he is trying to give the
Virginia Legionnaires. most of whom
realize American world responsibilities.
the impression that he too favors bold
international measures. while leaving a
loophole CHS answer to his question OBJ
viously is MOI for another negative
vote on appropriations.
- Just what did the Senator really
mean? q. ID. Shumate, jr.
Evening star., 1950-08-24
Questions and Answers

The stars readers can get the answer to
any question of fact. by either writing The
NV, Washington 5. D. C., and inclosing cents
return postage or by telephoning ST. 5000,
Extension 35S.
Evening star., 1950-08-24
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE

@. In Palestine, in ancient times. what
major factor determined the location Of
sites of cities?-R. v. r. =
A. The location of springs was largely
the determining factor. q
Evening star., 1950-08-24

@. There is famous portrait of a
woman cellist executed by a contempo-
rary artist. Is it the picture of musi-
clan, or was it posed for by profess
sional model?-C. C. C.
A. Nine. Guilhermina Suggia is the
subject of one of the most arresting of
contemporary portraits. Mime. Suggia.
world-famed cellist, died on July 81.
1850. In this portrait she is posed in,
the act of playing her instrument.