davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-08-20

it has until lately been concerned
to an unexampled degree with
problems of relief rather than re-
covery; and very recently the
Greek vice premier responsible
for economic coordination de-
clared that the achievement of
viability within the remaining
two years of the Marshall Plan
was impossible.
Greece Rebuilds
Painfully rebuilding herself from
the ground up. Greece is obviously
the very last country in Europe
that could contemplate aggres-
sion. even If her international
record did not itself belle the
charge. The Cominform's propa-
ganda may therefore well mean,
as UNSCOB fears, that Greece
may be attacked; or it may mean
that attack will come somewhere
else Just when we are ready for
it in Greece; or it may mean
nothing but war of nerves.
What it cannot possibly mean, to
those who publish it any more
than to ourselves, is what it says.
(CopyriEht London Observer ForeiEn
News Service.)
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Cuban Ambassador Is Fast Man With Decisions

delegation at the Versailles Peace
Conference. One of his latest mis-
sions was that of executive direc-
tor of the World Bank in Wash
ington.
Cubans are saying that an en-
voy who is an expert economist
and business man, with a diplo-
mats experience, is just what they
have been needing in the Capital
of this country. Meantime. many
of our own officials agree that in
this critical moment. we, too, are
fortunate in having such influence
in Cuban United States relations.
With no other American nation.
except Canada, is our economy so
tied up. Some of the largest and
most important of all our foreign
investments are in Cuba, more
than $500 million in sugar plan
tations and mills alone. The island
has long been our most profitable
Latin American customer. Nearly
every one of the $500 million we
spend every year for sugar comes
back to us for automobiles, tex
tiles, flour, lard and a hundred
and one other products from
our factories. and farms.
Favor Closer Ties
Other nations fight for our
tourist trade as a source of des-
perately needed dollar income.
Mexico reaps a hundred million
dollars a year from north Of the
border travellers. But Cuban tour
ISIS to this country spend more
money here than those of all the
other Latin American countries
put together. Miami now enjoys
a summer as well as winter sea-
son. thanks largely to the thou
sands of Cubans who flock to its
beach hotels. Not even the present
emergency will curtail Cuban
spending in the United States so
long as we have any manufac-
lures. food products and travel
facilities to spare.
In fact, Ambassador Machado.
and other responsible Cubans
think now is the time for their
country and ours to enter into full
and permanent economic collabo-
ration. The island is next door,
closest Latin American nation ex-
cept Mexico, easy of access in war
time. Cuba has something we shall
always need, in peacetime as well
as in war, and Cubans prefer our
products. everything from air
planes to cornf1akes, over those
Of any other nation in the world.
There is no question about the
island republics military solidar-
ity and cooperation with us at
all times.
Evening star., 1950-08-20

organize postwar relief and to
initiate permanent recovery. The
first of the three was achieved less
than twelve months ago; the
second is just about complete now;
and it is only within the last few
months that the third has begun
to take its due place as the top
priority.
The Western European coun-
tries had been free to carry out re-
lief from 1945 onward; and wher
the ECA missions reached Europe
their function was the far more
advanced one of promoting re-
covery within an integrated pro-
gram, which could not at that
time have been applied to Greece
OF all the countries involved in
the Marshall Plan, Greece had by
far the most primitive economy
in the first place, even without the
additional setback of five extra
years of war. For ECA, there
fore. Greece has inevitably been
a special case, though perhaps not
so special as most Greeks would
think right. The ECA mission in
Greece Is the largest in Europe;
Evening star., 1950-08-20

a little over three hours after Mr..
Brannan's first call the Ambassa-
dor was on the phone saying to
the Secretary. 1T is all arranged,
sir"
Naturally Machado has the COM
plete confidence and respect of
his chief, or no such direct action
as he displays would be possible.
Furthermore he is just as much
at home in Washington as he is
in Havana. He Is neither a prac-
ticing politician nor professional
diplomat. but lawyer. business
man and an economist Of interna-
tional repute.
In fact, Cuba new emissary has
probably headed more civic and
welfare organizations in his own
country. from the presidency of
the local YMCA. to Cuban Man
ufacturers' Association, served on
more diplomatic missions abroad
and helped to negotiate more in
ternational agreements than any
other living Cuban. He started
early. too. At the age of 20
he was the secretary of the Cuban
Evening star., 1950-08-20

Eastern German Army composed
of the flower of the Nazi forces"
insofar as its officers corps is
concerned and of well-trained
German youths in it's ranks is
likely to attack Berlin, where only
a handful of American, British
and French troops are stationed.
An attack even on a small scale
would call for an immediate re-
taliation by the Western forces
in the Reich. And these are no
more sufficient to fight the Soviet
supported East German Army than
our forces in Korea. The Western
forces are spread over hundreds
of miles of West German territory
from the Rhine to the Elbe Rivers.
1t would take time to assemble
these heterogeneous forces which
have not even a unified command
and are inferior in combat force
to those of Eastern Germany.
There will be no use then to cry
over spilled milk.
We have consistently refused to
permit the Western Germans to
organize an efficient, even if small,
military defense. We have un-
dertaken to police Germany and
at the same time we have promised
the Western Germans to protect
them against an invasion. AL
though we have known for at
least two years that the Russians
were organizing highly efficient
army consisting of foot soldiers.
tanks. artillery and aviation, it
was only two months ago that the
Allied high commissioners per-
mitted the Western Germans to
possess shotguns to hunt wild
boars and rabbits to protect their
vegetable and potato crops.
/ 1t was only very recently that
the high commissioners gave some
consideration to tentative plans to
permit a centralized police force,
possessing rifles and machine
guns. But even this project is
only a blueprint. Defense Secre-
tary johnson and his chiefs Of
staff are anxious to see a German
Army of some 100000 men provid-
ed with weapons from the United
States. organized at the earliest
possible moment. But the views
of the Defense Department are
second to those of the State De-
partment where the principal
concern seems to be to avoid Of
Tending the susceptibilities of the
British. French, Luxembourg. Bel
gian and Netherlands govern
mentS.
These governments and our own
seem to have overlooked the de-
tail that Hitler and his gang are
dead and buried and that on the
shambles of the Third Reich a
far more aggressive and immoral
government-that of the U. S.
S. R.-has risen and is threatening
the very existence of what is left
| of the democratic world.
Evening star., 1950-08-20
By Edword TomIinson

Luis Machado, Cuba's new Am
bassador in Washington. officially
arrived on what one Havana
newspaperman described as a
rising tide Of prosperity at home
and prospects for the smooth
est relations with the United
States that we have ever expert
enced."
With no thought of disparaging
this enthusiastic estimate of the
envoy from the neighboring coun-
try, it must be said that in war
time prosperity in Cuba is almost
inevitable, no matter who its dip
lomatic spokesman in this coun-
try may be. Cuban sugar, mo-
lasses, alcohol and other products.
in ever-increasing quantities. are
always critically necessary for us
in such an emergency. But the
background. personality and ex-
perience of the island emissary
are such as to guarantee that any
problem or difficulty that might
arise between the two nations will
have the most expert and swift
attention.
Machado Is no procrastinating
diplomat. Now so years old. he
looks much younger. The energy
he exudes and the dispatch with
which he gets things done, both
here and at home. amazes every
one. He had hardly hung up his
hat in the Embassy on Sixteenth
street when the military at the
Pentagon wanted to make an en-
gagement to talk over with him
the possibility of purchasing 30.
900 tons of sugar for occupied,
Austria.
Fast Decision on Sugar
Come right over. gentlemen.
I'll be waiting for you," he told
them over the telephone. Not
expecting such quick action, they
literally stuffed papers into brief
cases and rushed across the Poto-
mac. Still a little breathless when
they arrived, they told their story
and prepared to return to the
Pentagon and await negotiations
with Havana. Just a moment"
said the Ambassador. as he picked
up the telephone and asked for
President Prio Soccoras. Then
followed brief conversation in
Spanish, the Ambassador doing
most of the talking. Finally he
said. "Adios. mi Presidente," hung
up and announced, Gentlemen,
the sugar is yours" The entire
transaction had been completed in
little more than 80 minutes.
A few days later Secretary
Brannan telephoned from the
Agriculture Department TO- say
Evening star., 1950-08-20

that he would like to come over
and discuss the possibility of pur-
chasing additional amounts of
sugar for use in this country. mo,
Indeed, Mr.. Secretary" the Am
bassador told him, IT shall come
to your office and right now if it
is convenient for you." In a few
minutes he was in the Secretary's
office, and learned that the "addi-
tional purchases" would amount to
100000 tons, practically the entire
carry over, or surplus of last
years crop.
Highly Regarded at Home
This deal was a little m or e
complicated. for the reason that
the Cuban President was, at that
moment. aboard an airplane en-
route to one of the outlying Cuban
cities. But Machado was. hardly
back in his Office at the Embassy
when palace officials of the Cuban
capital called to say they had con-
tacted the chief executive the
moment his plane landed and he
was flying back to the city to take
up the matter with his cabin&. In
Evening star., 1950-08-20

copters Of gravely wounded men
from the front lines.
The tough, fluid" fighting was
only a few days old when it be-
came obvious that these men, II
they were to survive, must have
swifter transport to field hospitals
than that of ambulances, jeeps or
trucks bouncing over rough noun
tain roads often jammed with
traffic.
"Windmills' capable of lifting
two wounded men and a medical
'technician. in addition to the pilot
were pressed into service. Land
ings were made much closer to
the firing line than would be pos
sible without controI of the air.
Most patients are lifted to hos
pitfalls in the rear. while others,
when necessary. are landing at
airfields for quick transport to
base hospitals in Japan. Mai.
John r. Shields of Greenville,
Miss, assistant operations officer
of the Far East Air Force, told of
six wounded brought out in one
day by the same 'copter in three
| flights.
Doctors told him that five of
the six probably would have died
except for the quick transporta-
tion, which had cut the time en-
route to about a tenth.
Although the helicopters are not
equipped for flying after dark, one
pilot answered a call from a clear
ing station late one night, using
his flashlight to illuminate the
instrument panel. He found his
way to the front and returned to
a spot beside the hospital, guided
by the lights of a jeep.
The Rescue Service. in addi-
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Modern Air Rescue Tactics Saving Lives in Korea
Service Teamwork
And New Methods
Are Paying OFF
By W. n. Shippen

Plenty of people. including air.
men fished from the sea, and
wounded soldiers lifted from their
foxholes, are glad the Army. Navy
and Air Force teamed up on res
cue work before the shooting
started.
A new type of amphibious life
saver, the first ever designed,
and equipped for over-water res
cue missions, is case in point.
The twin-engined Grumman AL
batross, with its radar scanner,
reversible propellers and rocket
boosters, got into service over the
Sea of Japan just in time.
The Albatross was designed and
produced under naval direction,
but the Navy agreed to assign the
new planes to the Military Air
Transport Service to meet the ex-
panding needs of the Air Rescue
Service.
Oddly enough. the first "save''
credited to USAF crews in the
Navy-built Albatross was a young
Navy fighter pilot off a carrier
Ensign Glenn T. Farnsworth of
Biggs, Calf. He had ditched his
Corsair off Korea after it was
damaged in his first strike at the
Red invaders.
Fellow carrier pilots watched
over young Farnsworth after re-
porting his plight. The ensign in
flated his life raft, tried unsuc-
cessfully to paddle to nearby
island, and then got his sea mark
ers ready.
Helicopters Remove Wounded
The Albatross came out under
cover of two F-51 Mustangs, and
landed beside the ensign, who had
marked his position with sea dye.
He was landed unharmed at a
base in Japan four hours after
ditching.
Several days later one Of the
F-51 pilots who had protected the
Albatross on its first rescue mis-
sion was pulled out of the sea by
the same life-saving crew.
1t. Omer j. Reichman of Sher-
man. Tex. bailed out of his burn
ing Mustang over enemy waters.
The amphibian happened to be
nearby. and in matter of minutes
had landed beside him. He also
was hauled aboard for the re-
turn flight to Japan.
The global rescue service,
equipped for land and sea work
from the Arctic to the tropics, has
now added something new to mod
ern warfare-the removal by hell
Evening star., 1950-08-20

cal teams, sled dogs, mountain
climbers and the like, is spread
from Alaska and Greenland to
the Caribbean, and from the Far
East across the Pacific and At
lantic into the Mediterranean
area.
The service, which operates un-
der orders of military theater
commanders, not only supplies its
own equipment and personnel,
but is the co-ordinating agency for
Regular Army. Navy and Air Force
units which can be brought into
temporary air rescue operations.
The outfit is commanded by Col.
Richard T. Kight, veteran of 5000
hours of pioneering military air
routes, and command pilot of the
plane in which the late Wendell
Willkie few around the world late
in 1912.
A veteran of the famed Hump
Run" into China, Col. Kight set up
headquarters in Washington after
taking over command Of the
rescue service in 1916. Col. Kight
a native of West Texas, issued
this personal message to his COM
mand soon after taking over:
THE Air Rescue Service exists
only to save lives. The prob
ability of finding survivors di-
minishes with each minute that
passes after an air disaster occurs.
Therefore. in each and every
incident it must be presumed that
there are survivors and every pos
sible effort must be made to find,
aid and return these survivors to
safety -"
MY job" the colonel said, lis
the most satisfying one I ever
hadi"
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Strebig
Continued From Page CID

want to cut that in half, because
in two minutes a Jet bomber
can travel from IS to 20 miles.
During the six-day game"
the civilian observers made 29,-
473 flash" reports by telephone.
That was an average of 313
messages for each of the 563
posts.
officials determined from q
study of reports that ground
observers had tracked IS air.
craft that could not have been
tracked by radar because Of
low altitude.
Can Be Expanded
The first phase Of this ground
observer system covers all or
parts of California, Connecticut,
Delaware, Illinois, Indiana.
Iowa, Maine, Maryland. Massa-
chusetts, Michigan. Minnesota.
North Carolina, New Jersey.
New York, Ohio. Oregon, Penn
sylvania, Rhode Island, Ver-
mont, Virginia, Washington.
West Virginia and Wisconsin.
Except for test exercises, the
organization is likely to be only
on standby status until an
emergency is in prospect. Mean
while, the system can be ex-
panded to cover the entire
coastline of Americas air ocean.
And plans are under way to
make the organization an aux
iliary of the Air Force, to be
maintained indefinitely as a
national defense element much
as the Civil Air Patrol is op-
Grated.
Another type of aircraft
warning is provided through the
Civil Aeronautics Administra-
ton, which In recent months
has requested all flyers to file
flight plans (route, altitude.
type of plane and time of TAX
ing off and landing) when ap-
preaching the United States
from off-shore or across the
Canadian border or when flying
over certain areas at certain
attitudes.
This is now a request for VOL
untary cooperation, because
the CAA has power to require
fight plans be filed only dn the
interest of safety. Under a bill
introduced in Congress. how
ever, CAA could demand such
filing on grounds of national Sc
curity when directed to do so
by the President.
The areas in the voluntary
program now include the air.
space surrounding the atomic
centers at Oak Ridge, Los
Alamos and Hanford, along the
Canadian border from Lake
Michigan to the Atlantic Coast.
along the Atlantic Coast south
ward to Norfolk. Va. and along
a broad area of the entire West
Coast.
Canada's program for aircraft
warning is being co-ordinated
with that of the United States.
and at least two joint exercises
have been held.
distributed by the Associated Press.l
Evening star., 1950-08-20

ton to amphibians and helicop-
ters. uses Flying Fortresses and
Super Fortresses equipped with
jettison life boats to patrol the
Sea of Japan along the shuttle
route of jet fighters, light bomb
ers and transports.
Nothing is left to chance in the
rescue Of a downed airman. Even
if the pilot balls out before he
has time to radio his position, he
will carry down a reflector panel
on the life raft in his seat pack
The panel Is designed to respond
tn radar scanners in search
planes.
A call from a plane in distress
is checked for location by radio
and radar. Speedy crash boats
and patrol planes are ready to
respond. either from shore sta
tions or circling points in the
danger area.
OutmaneuVefS I'D
While the jettison life boat, de-
veloped largely since the last war.
can be flown to the rescue and
dropped with accuracy. planes de-
signed like the Albatross for land
ings and takeoffs in rough water
are more practical.
The hull and reversible pro-
pellers are built to take the shock
of the waves and cut down the
landing run. The plane is far
more maneuverable on the sur
face than the war-tested Phys,
for example, and rocket boosters
enable 1t to take off without
thrashing too far across rough
water.
The farflung service, with its
planes, parachute Jumpers. medi-
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Russian Influence Runs
Deep in CzechosIovokio
Conditions Don't Appear Too Bad on the
Surfoce-but There Is Much Deception

(This conditions Czechosouaka rien
vSted the times before
and since the Communist of 19S He recently returned to
Vienna from his latest ut there For security he prefers
to remain anonymously
VIENNA-For most journalists it business to
fairly Czechoslovakia
1913 matter obvious Of the changes have been On
the both the
loyal viewpoints the
ntelectua
Evening star., 1950-08-20
Koreo's Thin Line of Khoki
May Stay That Way Awhile
Combat Teams From States Due to Fill Gops
Until Reserves and Guard Are Ready
By Constantine Brown

Much than the prestige Of American
the Korean troops putting
brilliant defense against overwhelmingly superior enemy
There question in the minds Of military
the Kemn will another series of year
both and in Europe.
keeping beachhead around
Evening star., 1950-08-20
BY c. M. Woodhouse

great as they have been, cannot
have misled the Cominform about
ner true condition, nor should
tiley mislead the West. Militarily,
Greece has won a resounding
success against Communist ag-
gression in the field; diplomati-
cally, she has been successful in
asserting her claim to belong to
the West. which is recognized by
her inclusion in OEEC and the
Council of Europe; politically, she
has succeeded in establishing an
admirably representative govern
ment at what were probably the
fairest elections ever conducted in
Southeast Europe. But victory
has bled Greece white; and it is
only now. five years after the
rest of Europe, that she is able
to begin her postwar recovery.
Progress Achieved
When the Americans came to
Greece's rescue in 1947 on the
basis of the Truman doctrine "a
few months before the Marshall
Plan). the priorities were three:
To defeat the Communists, to
Evening star., 1950-06-25
PTA Book Fair PIonned

The Chevy Chase Elementary
School Parent Teacher Associa-
ton has set October 3 as the date
for the 1850 book fair.
Evening star., 1950-06-25
Mother Turns 10 See
Child Killed by Train /
BY the Assecioted Press

ODENTON, Md, June 24.-A
mother who had turned her back
on her three-year-old daughter
at the Odenton station looked
around today to see the child
killed as she darted into the path
of an oncoming train.
The child was Margaret Lou
Moore.
Mrs. Robert Moore Of Mayfield,
near Odenton, had. placed Mar
garet Lou by a suitcase on one
side of the tracks at the Penn
sylvaina railroad station while she
led her son. Robert, 2, to the other
side.
Anne Arundel County Patrol
men Arthur Downs and Allan
Stevenson said Mrs. Moore had
just placed her son on the plat
form when two trains passed by
in opposite directions and the girl
ran into the path of the north
bound train.
A pedestrian underpass is at
the station to provide safe cross
ing from one side to another.
I. L. Wagner, the engineer,
stopped his train after the ac-
cident. He was questioned by
police, but no charge was placed.
Evening star., 1950-06-25
Montgomery Voters
Asked for Party Slate

The Victory Committee of the
Montgomery County Democratic
Party has asked party workers
throughout the county to recon-
mend nominees for county Offices.
G. Lamar Kelly, jr., committee
chairman, said the party would
recommend a slate of candidates
for the September primary on the
basis of the suggestions.
This is the first time that a
party slate of candidates will be
formed by the truly Democratic
process of having the suggestions
come from the voters themselves, -
he said.
Mr.. Kelly said letters were sent
yesterday to more than $50 pre-
cinct officials, registered Demo-
cratic voters and civic organiza-
tionS requesting that nominees be
suggested to the Victory Commit
tee by July /. The deadline for
filing is August /.
The Republican Party in the
county already has drafted a ten
tative slate of officers which was
announced last week. Mr.. Kelly
said the Republican slate was
picked by a handful of party
leaders" without consideration OF
the Republican voters.
I'VE think the way we are do
ing this will help get men and
women of the highest type for the
Offices, and that an outstanding
slate can be formed" Mr.. Kelly
declared.
Evening star., 1950-06-25
Montgomery COP. Women
To Hold 0utinq Saturday

The Montgomery County Fed
GRAFTON of Republican Women will
hold an outing and picnic next
Saturday at southlawn Farm. the
estate of Mr.. and Mrs. Anders
Lofstrand. jr.. near Rockville. Mr..
Lofstrand is chairman of the
county's all-Republican delega-
ton to the, Maryland General AS
sembly.
Representative Beall. Republi-
can. of Maryland, and Mrs.
Bertha Adkins, executive director
of the women's division of the Ma
tional Republican Committee, will
be among the guests.
Mrs. Harold Smith. of Silver
Spring, is picnic chairman. Res
ervations should be made with
Mrs. Lofstrand at Rockville 1880;
Miss Olive Kinsman, Silver Spring
0634, or Mrs. Dewitt Hyde, Wis
consin 3525. The affair will be-
gin at noon.