davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-06-14
Letters to The Star
A pseudonyna Is permissible only
Uher1 letter carries correct name
and address of tDriter. Please be brief.

intersection. Then the light turned red.
The motorman opened his front doors
while his passengers, hearing the scream
even through closed windows. rose In
their seats.
But the trucks brakes had worked.
The trucks bumpers barely brushed the
woman's skirt as she made the sidewalk
and fed on to the doorway. And there
she stayed.
Maybe she was too unnerved to saw
thank you" to the driver. Anyway, the
rain was coming down In sheets. Then
the light turned green and both vehicles
moved on. But couple Of blocks down
the street. with the truck again along.
side, passenger ran up a window and
commented. Mice going on those brakes"
The truck driver grinned.
s. Passengers smiled approval and q feel
ing seemed to run through the car that
alert and careful driving should be uni
verSally appreciated and commended:
not Just bad driving blamed or punished.
In such emergencies and they
occur almost every minute Of every day
in the cities Of the nation . 4. not to kill
or MAIN fellow human being must
provide peculiar satisfaction of its
own. The motorman said it:
ut sure makes fellow feel swell"
Passenger.
Evening star., 1950-06-14
This and That

A traffic victim lay in the middle Of
the road
He was an opossum, not fully grown,
but nice specimen.
There seemed to be no mark on him.
Obviously his liver or some other in
ternal organ had been ruptured by the
blow.
Kind hands lifted him and placed him
on the parking in the cool grass, a At
resting place for one Of these children
Of nature.
Hundreds of possums roam the sub
urban areas, and even as far down as
Georgetown.
It is significant Of something that
when the average policeman finds one.
at the bequest of frightened house.
holder, he knows nothing better to do
than turn it over to some one to eat.
Actually, our National Geological
Park is In need Of good specimens, and
would be glad to get any that are found.
It seems silly for people to be afraid
OF these harmless animals.
While they have sharp teeth, they sell
dom II ever touch human unless mo-
Tested.
This is q wicked animal" the old
French maxim had 1t. when attacked,
1t defends itself"
That sums UP too prevalent attitude
Evening star., 1950-06-14
The Brokes Worked

Sure makes o fellow feel swell"
That's what the young white motor
man yelled through the opened doors Of
his eastbound 40 streetcar, to the young
Negro driver Of q heavy, paneled truck
across the landing strip at Ninth and F.
streets NV. last Saturday, a little be-
fore 5 pm. You should remember the
time. You could hardly see across the
street through the betting, binding sluss
OF haymaker rain or Jupe was ham
mering down.
The passengers who had seen what had
happened smiled approval They knew
the motorman was not talking about the
weather.
Travelling at an easy speed through
the downpour. the streetcar, tailed by the
truck. rolled up to Ninth on a green
light but stopped to let woman passen-
ger alight.
Streetcar and truck still had the green
light but the woman, needless of lights
or truck, leaped from the platform to
dash through the torrent to the shelter
OF doorway. The truck was upon her.
Her horrified scream and the screech
OF brakes on the truck froze the motor
man as he was about to go through the
Evening star., 1950-06-14
Hills!

Hills. I hare known you wten your ddys
t0ere lean,
When iDtnter howIed, and frose pou To
the bone.
When the snotO fen. and icIten the utRd
tCds keen,
When trees mere bare, and trhen the
birds had fotDn:
Your splendor. Hndtntnished, epen
increased,
In the face OF forces hostile and
adverse,
When no sun climbed the heapens in the
east
To than the tee. and Otntry blasts
dtsperse;
And hare knoton you trhen throuoh
summer you
Wore a green mantle from which
foGted song.
Haze knotDn vou when your laurel
thickets OrctD,
And burst in bloom Ohen gracious 6ays
mere long:
And haue loUed voH t0hen the lonely
nights
Sent dotDn the stars to eroaOn rour
broodin0 heights.
EDWARD D. GARNER.
Evening star., 1950-06-14
The Amerosio Mystery Grows

Philip Jaffe's refusal to answer pertinent
questions Of Senate subcommittee investigating
the AmeraSia affair provides further incentive
for digging to the bottom of this battling case.
The former editor of the defunct magazine only
increased public suspicious about the whole
matter when he took refuge in constitutional
provisions against self-incrimination.
Jaffe undoubtedly is the key man in the
Amerasia case. He was in charge of the Far
Eastern affairs magazine when its offices were
raided and found to contain hundreds of conf
dental Government papers which had been
stolen from the State and other departments.
Arrested with five other persons on charges of
was allowed to plead guilty to minor charge
OF conspiracy to obtain illegal possession of the
documents. It was Jaffe who paid the $500
fine assessed against fellow conSpirator who
pleaded nolo contendere (offered no defense)
This reticent witness no doubt could tell
lot OF interesting things about the peculiar
behnd-the-scenes maneuvering which preceded
the dropping Of the original charges and the
general soft-pedaling of case which the FBI
apparently considered highly important. Whether
the Fifth Amendment provides a valid excuse
for refusing to reply to questions concerning
Communist affiliations is an issue apart from
the Amerasia case. If Jaffe is cited for contempt
the way will be paved for court determination
OF the question.
Meanwhile 1t becomes more urgent than ever
that the Amerasia mystery be cleared up Per-
haps the New York grand jury will succeed not
only In dispelling the fog but in starting the
wheels OF justice moving anew In the strangely
handled wartime prosecution
Evening star., 1950-06-14
How About a State MonopoIy?

Some OF the liquor distillers and their whole
sale distributors In Washington are trying again
to put through a liquor price-hxing scheme for
the District of Columbia. They tried the same
thing two years ago and Representative Craw-
ford of Michigan stopped them in the House.
Mr.. Crawford and his colleagues should be on
their guard and they should stop the bill again.
The measure now pending in the House
District Committee, and expected to come up
today, goes under the sweet-smelling name of
voluntary" method of controlling the alcoholic
beverage industry. It would prevent retailers
from selling liquor below the price set in contracts
with the vendors. Ordinarily, such agreements
are outlawed This would exempt the liquor
dealers from the law. It would enable the dis
tillers to set the price of liquor in Washington
and increase profits that are already large
The Star does not advertise liquor, recogniz-
ing the part that advertising, especially cut
rate advertising, plays in increasing the CON
sumption of habit-forming narcotic. But 1t
opposes this bill on the same principle that it
has opposed other schemes, disguised under such
names as fair trade" laws, which fix prices and
discourage competition. 1t is bad bill, whether
or not it affects liquor The Commissioners are
against it and so is the ABC Board 1t ought to
be roundly defeated, but the liquor industry is
powerful one and exercises considerable in
duence.
Two years ago Milton Kronhem, National
DistlerS' representative, testified in the follow
ing words OF sorrow regarding the need for this
legislation: "The economic situation of the bus-
ness today gives us bit of alarm The list of
delinquent accounts is larger than ever before.
Unless something is done to stop these price
wars there will be so many bankruptcies in this
town that business will suffer severe setback"
MIR. Kronheim was wrong in his prediction
lie nhoh onfba
ducive to alarm than the plight of the liquor
dealers and this bill, regardless of the volume
OF crocodile tears shed in It's behalf, is merely
device to raise the price of liquor If the deal
ers are not doing well, let the District of CO.
lumbia take the liquor business over. Virginia
made over $23 million in 1949 from its State
monopoly. Pennsylvania and Ohio are making
plenty of money from their monopolies. Wash
ington Is one of the wettest spots in the country
and If anybody is going to make more money out
of the liquor business here. the municipal gov
ernment can use 1t.
Evening star., 1950-06-14
More About Betting AVERAGES

Beyond any doubt, Jonathan A. Lowell
IN his recent letter to The Star, is cor
rect in his impression that the batting
ability OF baseball player would be
measured more correctly by q system
which would give credit not only for hits
but also for the number Of bases hit.
Any mathematician, statistician. or
other scientist knows that, other factors
validity. reliability and practical appli-
cation) being equal, the smaller the sub
divisions OF measuring scale the better.
II, for example. the scales on which
school children are weighed weigh only
in multipleS Of 10 pounds, O 5s-pound
child Is recorded as of the same weight
as one who weighs so pounds. and detec-
ton OF over or under weight is more diffi-
cult.
The editors note to MIR. Iowell's let
ter says that some interesting questions
are raised by the proposed change, chief
among which is the status of q player
who. under this system, might hit better
than the average Of 1000"
To person who is experienced in de-
irving units Of measurement from scores,
such statement is amusingly naive.
Since the perfect average of 1000" is
an arbitrary figure, 1t could be changed
easily to 1000. Then q batter with a
present score of 800 made up Of nothing
but two-base hits would have q standing
Of 500; and q player with a present
800 and all Of his hits singles would
Evening star., 1950-06-14
The Court Went Too Far

District Court Judge Goldsborough raised
several points regarding utility rate-baSe factors
that the District Public Utility Commission should
be glad to have settled definitely in the courts
The commission will seek this settlement from
the United States Court of Appeals as a result
of Judge Goldsborough's order setting aside the
gas rate increase of last November.
The principal points at issue are the inclusion
in the rate base by the PUG of the abandoned
West Washington manufaotured-gas plant and
PUG approval of the cost of converting from
manufactured to natural gas as another rate
base item. Judge Goldsborough, in caustic
oral opinion. held that the PUG acted "arbi-
trarily and in error" when it embraced these
items among others as basis for granting a
614 per cent gas rate increase.
While Judge Goldsboroughs right to set aside
the PUG order on such grounds is unquestioned,
he went too far when, without citing any sup
porting evidence he cast reflections on the
commissions technical staff. Without naming
any one, he suggested that the experts" had
yielded to gas company pressure for reasons of
personal advancement. While explaining that
he was not charging any one with corruption, he
commented that "they (the experts) don't expect
to be connected with the commission forever and
their only future lies in connecting themselves
with public utility" No facts were presented
during the hearing of the case to justify such an
assumption on the courts part. Actually, PUG
records show that its present experts have been
in its employ for many years and no instance
Is known at the District Building of any experts
having left to accept job with public utility.
In the absence Of any facts, Judge Goldsbor-
oughS insulting remarks were unfair to the
commissions staff and to the commission itself,
and were unworthy of the court.
Evening star., 1950-06-14
Red Reorganization Movement

Significant things have been happening to
the American Communist Party since the con-
viction OF eleven members of its "politburo" or
high command. Hoover-induced reorganiza-
ton has wrought revolutionary changes in the
party. This reorganization has nothing to do
with the Hoover Commission, of course. 1t is
directly related to the activities of another
Hoover and his agency, the Federal Bureau Of
Investigation.
1t all started when the FBI paraded a group
OF Communists" at the New York Red trial who
turned out to be FBI agents in disguise. The
shock of that revelation is still reverberating In
Communist circles, Director Hoover has disclosed
to Senate appropriations subcommittee Among
the developments on the Red front were the
following: l. A Red-type witch hunt within
the party to disclose other possibly dsloyal mem
berS-a hunt which is still going on. 2. A. deci-
sion to tighten up on applications for membership
by screening all recruits more carefully than ever
before. 3. Discontinuance of card-carrying by
members 4. Holding of minimum of public
meetings
In short, the party has gone deeper under
ground than it felt was necessary in the past
move that makes it even more absurd for 1t
to maintain the fiction that it is bona hde
political party 1t has become more than ever
covert conspiratorial organization of dangerous
formation the party has presented the FBI with
an investigative problem far more difficult than
was the case when the Communists felt more
secure.
Mr.. Hoover's disclosure that there are 54174
Communist members in this country may seem
unsensational at first glance. But the FBI chief
points out that for every member there are ten
others who have pledged themselves to follow
faithfully the party line, as dictated from Mos
COW. That means a potential fifth column of
more than half million conspirators-all work.
ing in supposed secrecy against the best interests
Of the United States.
The supposed" was used advisedly For
Mr. Hoover told the subcommittee that the FBI
is doing fair infiltration job of its own in
Communist circles. The bureau, he said, still
has good sources of information" and good
representation in the party in varying positions
OF trust" Judging from the frantic searches
going on within the party for planted FBI in
formants, the Communists are painfully aware
that there are additional traitors" within their
ranks. AS long as the FBI can maintain its
remarkable record of keeping an investigative
fifth column inside the innermost councils of
the party, there is no reason for public hysteria
over the Red menace
Evening star., 1950-06-14
Uranium Veins Believed
Buried Deep Over World
Theory Bosed on Discoveries
In Utoh ond in Portugal
By Thomos r. Henry

Deeply buried veins OF uranium ores
may be found throughout the world.
This belief of Atomic Energy Commits
sion biologists is based on two widely
separated developments-one in the lit
tie town of Marysvale in Southern Utah
and one in Portugal.
Surface deposits of uranium bearing
minerals are known in various localities.
They usually occur in granite rocks IS
bright yellow. orange or green StreakS
Almost invariably. the actual uranium
content is low and extraction would be
Improbable. But in the past. appar-
emily. they may have been miSinter-
preted. according to Dr. Robert w.
Wright Of the Acc staff. and they may
indicate rich supplies from so 10 100 feet
below the surface. This has been the
case both in Utah and Portugal.
All Have Minute Amounts.
Practically all rocks. especially gran.
ties contain minute amounts Of uranium,
Usually the content is far too small to
be recovered. except by extremely deli
cate laboratory methods. 1t has been
assumed that the surface Streaks Of au-
tunite. schroekingerite. uranophane. tor
benite and several other uranium carry
ing minerals are water deposited con-
centrations from surface rocks.
At Marysvale this hypothesis was
tested by exploratory shafts sunk to
about 20 feet, Below was found q vein
OF pitchblende. the chief uranium
bearing rock, of unknown extent. AS n
result the little Utah town is experiencing
boom recalling the old gold strike days.
The story of the Portuguese find is
quite similar. except that it was neces.
sary to sink the shaft about $50 feet be.
fore the pitchblende vein was uncovered.
Other Deposits Hunted.
Search now is being conducted hy
Commission biologists for similar sur.
face deposits. some Of which may be ex.
pected to show deep-buried sources.
1t also has been established that two
types Of sedimentary rocks may contain
uranium far in excess Of that found in
rocks in general. These are black shales.
from which oil can be distilled, and ma.
rine phosphateS.
The United States has large reserves
OF both these rock types but 1t still IL
uncertain whether the cost OF uranium
extraction might not be too excessive.
Evening star., 1950-06-14

evidence of bourgeois imperialist plot by deca-
dent Wall Street capitalists to Americanize
France and enslave it.
But now. unanimously, the upper house of
the French Parliament has rejected the prohibi-
ton bill This means that the people, if they SO
wish, can drink as many cokes as they can
stand The Communists and the wine makers
are not expected to revive the issue for another
decade or So Meanwhile, Jim Farley need not
worry. All is well. The storm is over There
will be no soda-pop war with La Belle and La
Sensible France.
Evening star., 1950-06-14
BY John w. Stepp

~~s'es We ~e~PP
LOW DOES the Juvenile Court sys-
l. L. tenn here stack up with similar
courts elsewhere?
The diverse structure of such courts
throughout the Nation makes COM
parsons difficult. even for experts in
the sociological field.
Jurisdictions cannot agree as to the
age of a Juvenile" the range being
from under 16 to under 81. While most
areas have juvanile courts operating on a
county basis. some limit the courts
jurisdiction to townships, and others
extend it to judicial districts. Some
times jurisdiction actually overlaps be-
tween county and city courts, to the
confusion Of all concerned.
Perhaps the best basis for compari-
son of juvenile courts is the Standard
Juvenile Court Act originally prepared
in 1927. and revised last year. by the
National Probation and Parole ASSocia-
ton.
In that light. at least as far as the
physical setup is concerned. Washing
tons court for erring and neglected
children compares favorably indeed. It
has, in fact. drawn praise from numer-
Gus quarters. locally and nationally.
Washington's tribunal was patterned
closely after the model" when it was
drafted in 1888. These essential similari-
ties are found:
Juveniles" are 18 years or less in
age; judges appointive, rather than
elective-are members Of the bar and
conversant with social problems and
child psychology: court social workers
and probation officers must be qualified
according to set standards.
Cases are heard in q preliminary
fashion by the social staff, which may
decide whether to release the child or
to certify the case to the judge in the
form of a non-criminal petition for judg-
ment.
Both the model act and District law
prescribe informal hearings, with ex-
clusion of the general public and in
clusion of only those having a direct
interest in given case. Records are
kept from the public view. The model
goes somewhat further in this respect
by making it a misdemeanor, subject to
$500 fine and one year in jail. to vio-
late the records proviso.
The Judge has powers either to place
child on probation or commit him to
the custody Of welfare agency or cor
rectional school.
In neither system, however. is pro-
Evening star., 1950-06-14
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.

Q. What is the total number Of farms
IN the United States producing milk
What foreign countries rank the highest
In dairy products?-B. M. r.
A. Approximate figures as of 1914
showed that about IA million farms pro-
duce milk, and Of that number 2h mil.
lion sell milk and milk products. AID.
proximately 100000 are classified an
dairies, milk and milk products being
the major source of income No informa.
tlon is available regarding the dairy In.
duStry in other countries except for
prewar years. Germany rated first and
France second in total milk production
at that time. 01'-77
Q. What building force holds neutral
atoms together to form q moleculeP
j. B.
A. The National Bureau Of Standards
says that under ordinary conditions
completely neutral atoms such as helium
and neon probably cannot be held to-
gether to form molecules. It Is only
when binding force such as an elec-
trostatic attraction is present that MOLE
cules are possible. Atomic theory irdi.
Gates that an atom Is composed of a
nucleus about which electrons are cir
cling somewhat as the planets circle the
sun. Large electrical forces result from
the transfer or sharing of one or mora
OF these electrons between atoms form
ing the molecule
O. Are there Negro jockeys on thA
major tracks today? Has Negro Jockey
ever ridden a Kentucky Derby winner
IS. M. A.
A. No Negro jockeys Of prominence are
with the big racing stables at present.
put several are riding on smaller tracks.
Ihere have been q number Of noted
Negro jockeys. Oliver Lewis rode Aris-
tides. winner Of the first Kentucky Derby
in 1875. Isaac Murphy's record has not
been surpassed. He took part In IL
Derbies. three OF which were won at
Churchill Downs. on Buchanan In 1884.
on Riley IN 1890 and on Kingman in
1891. James Lee, under contract to
Jerome Respass at Churchill Downs, won
an entire card of seven races on June
Is. 1916. Jimmie WINFIELD rode His
Eminence to victory in the Derby in
1901 and repeated in 1902 on Alan-a-
Dale. In all Is Negro jockeys have
piloted home Kentucky Derby winners.
@. Why Is there 3-year limitation
on the trial Of espionage cases?-L XII.
A. According to the Department of
Justice 3-year limitation has always
obtained in espionage cases, except for
those sections of the Espionage Act
which in time Of war carry the death
penalty. The Attorney General has rec
commended to the Congress that the
statute Of limitations be removed In
espionage cases. A bill which recently
passed the House Of Representative
changes the statute of limitations IN
espionage cases to 10 years. This bill Is
now pending in the Senate.
Evening star., 1950-06-14
Minnesota- Wisconsin shit.

Minnesota Wisconsin Shift.
boundaries. Quite a remarkable feat.
don't you think? What happened? Did
all the residents Of Wisconsin move to
Minnesota? And all the natives of Min
nesota by mutual agreement move to
Wisconsin?
1t Is going to be little confusing this
fall when the big Ten" football season
opens Which student body is going to
sing "On Wisconsin,?
Noble ID. Daney.
editors Note: Some days we Just
seem to be all thumbs-and our readers.
all eyes.)
Evening star., 1950-06-14
Questions and Answers

The stars readers can set the answer IA
any question Of fact by either writing The
NV. washington s, D. c. and inelosinE Q cents
rstarn postage or By telephonins ST. 5000.
Evening star., 1950-06-14
Miracle

noticed In a recent Sunday edition
Of The Star that the census shows the
population has shifted to such an extreme
that the States Of Minnesota and Wis
consin have exchanged names-yet re-
tanned the other States geographic
Evening star., 1950-06-14
As Juvenile Courts Go, Ours Looks Good

This is the second OF ttoo articles
on the background OF the current dis
pute ouer the Districts Jupenile Court.
Evening star., 1950-06-14
Segregation in Reverse

Much has been written In these
columns about segregation. Our col
ored friends definitely do not want
segregation. But I, who belong to the
white race, long for 1t. would like to
be segregated. "Set apart" in a COM
munity with other members Of the white
race. would like my children to bathe
in a Segregated -for-use- of the white
race" pool, to go to schools Segregated
for the white race" If there is an area
in this city, or in nearby community
that can be given to the white race,
segregated to them" would like to be
counted in.
Referring to discrimination" Ger
tainly the recent laws passed by the
Supreme Court discriminate against the
white race. Every one is entitled to
decent food, decent living, etc. But let
there be a place set aside on trains for
members Of the white race who wish to
break bread with their own kind. We
will not mind the segregation.
Discrimination is tool that can work
both ways.
Taxpayer.