davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-05-25
Freshman Crime Prober Knows the Ropes

of him. too. is his record as a Scrapper,
which carried him to victory in his first
senatorial campaign despite the potent
opposition of one Of the country's power
full political machines-that Of Boss Ed
Crump Of Memphis.
Mr.. Crump was spectacularly unsuc-
ceSSful in his attempts to pin the Red
label on Mr.. Kefauver.
The Senator was born July %, 1908.
in Monroe County. Tennessee. After at
tending public schools. he was gradu-
ated from the University Of Tennessee
in 1924. He taught for a brief time.
then entered Yale and worked his way
through the law school by waiting on
tables and stoking furnaces.
He began practicing in Chattanooga,
and soon became a member of the con-
servative firm of Sizer. Chambliss and
Kefauver. engaged largely in corporation
and insurance practice. He moved only
gradually into political activities.
In his first bid for an elective office
that of State Senator-he was beaten.
This turned out to be lucky break. for
upon the death Of Representative S. D
McReynolds the young lawyer was
elected to Congress. He held the seat
until his successful Senate race.
He is taking a lawyers approach to
the crime and gambling investigation.
His first task has been the assembling
of high competent staff and directing
a detailed study of the scope of the in
veStigation.
The public hearings will come later.
Senator Kefauver would like to conduct
them in something of judicial manner
without the klieg lights and circus"
atmosphere that have marked so many
past congressional hearings.
Just how that can be done remains to
be seen. But the Senator believes ar
rangements can be worked out that will
avoid the f1amboyant trimmings, with
out interfering with the public's desire
to see and know what is going on.
His work in directing the investigation
will be Mr.. Kefauver's first major test
as Senator-supplying a real clue. per-
haps, as to where he is going politically.
Evening star., 1950-05-25
Formoso, Jopon and the U. S.

Considerable significance attaches to
recent reports that John Foster Dulles,
newly appointed Republican adviser to
our Secretary of State, is urging that
the United States adopt new policy in
regard to the island of Formosa before
it is too late.
That policy. it is stated. would call for
our Government to declare officially that,
considering the present emergency-and
pending signing of a peace treaty with
Japan-we regard Formosa as still a
Japanese possession. Under this declara-
tion the United States, as the chief oc.
cupying power under soap in Japan,
would take over occupation and control
Of Formosa-and thus end the present
threat to peace in the Far East.
This proposed line of action is SEN
sible and sound from every angle-legai-
ly. morally and otherwise. On the basis
of experience as foreign correspondent
in that part of the world. the writer is
certain that this offers the most prac-
tical solution to problem which daily
assumes more threatening aspects as an
international impasse. The logical con-
clusion is that this controversial island
should be held "in trusteeship' by the
united StaCeS along With other former
Pacific possessions of the vanquished
(and treatyless) Japanese Empire
There is need for careful considera-
ton, however, before finally deciding
whether Formosa should be held in trus-
teeship until 1t can become a free and
independent entity, or whether it should
be returned to Japan with conclusion of
peace treaty.
The great danger arising from the
first-named course of action would be
the great vulnerability of such small
and comparatively weak democratic
state" to eventual conquest by the very
subversive forces which are now knock
ing at the door, The benefits to be OBJ
tanned from returning the island to its
rightful owner Gapan) would be two
fold: The Formosans would continue to
enjoy the progressive and profitable ad-
ministration which marked the so years
CT japanese possession: and the island
would be a source of much raw material
which Japan sorely needs for its eco
nomic recovery, and which no longer is
Evening star., 1950-05-25
Edward r.. Egger
'ReuI Americunism'

Benedict Arnold was the first to use
publicly the words Real Americanism"
in his address to the army after his de-
sertion. He organized the first American
Legion, and Government documents so
record it. 1t was so fanatical and cruel
Evening star., 1950-05-25

Q. What is the origin Of the applet
D. J. NJ.
A. The apple has been cultivated
since the earliest times of which we hav,
any knowledge. References to 1t ar,
common in the literature Of almost al
countries and all ages. It is probabl,
that the apple as we now know 1t IL
history first appeared In Asia Minor ane
from there spread to the rest Of tht
world. 1t belongs to the rose family.
Evening star., 1950-05-25
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

Q. Why does an elephant wave Ia
ears back and forth?-S. C.
A. The elephant moves its ears bach
ana forth to keep cool. great deal OF
blood circulates through the membrane,
OF the ear and 1t Is cooled by the
moving air.
Evening star., 1950-05-25

Q. How many issues Of postage stamp,
were released during President Franklir
D. Roosevelt's administration?-S. I. T
A. According to Post once Depart.
ment records. 176 different varieties oil
stamps were issued between April, 1893
and April, 1945.
Evening star., 1950-05-25
Puqnocious Tuft

That was good cartoon in a recent
edition of The Star showing Mr.. Truman
whacking the COP elephant and Mr.. Taft
kicking the Democratic mule in the teeth,
However, while the theme suggests that
you are taking a slap at both Messrs.
Truman and Taft for employment of
rough-house tactics, you might be inter-
ested in knowing that there is consider
able reaction in sympathy with the Ohio
Senator's ability to defend himself in a
manner that the public obviously ap-
proves.
Surely, no fair minded bystander
would object to Mr.. Taft using brass
knuckles on an opponent who has gone
out OF his way to deliver knockout blow
to "Mr. Republican" and put an end to
his political career.
To "get" Mr.. Taft, his enemies have
made ill-concealed attempts to hit him
below the belt. So let no one condemn
him If he succeeds in paying back the
political pugs in their own coin.
Fair Deal In Reverse.
Evening star., 1950-05-25
Questions ond Answers

The stars readers can get the answer "a
zny question OF fact by either writing Ths
NV, Nv, Washinston 5. D. C., and inclosing 3 cents
rx.nI trstuIn postsge, or by telephonns ST. 5000
Evening star., 1950-12-05
This and That

mating in late February, but in most
cases in the middle Of March. This mat
ing, nest building and laying consumes
at least 20 days. The Matching and rear
ing 40 to As days, and never to my
knowledge has a brood ever appeared
on the street before April 26 and in most
cases not before May 5.
"As you know, the cock sparrow con-
tributes very sparingly to feeding the
brood while in the nest, but does feed
them for week or so while they are
learning to eat. The second brood gen.
orally appears out of the nest in the
latter part of August or the first few
days of September
ITO raise three or more broodS would
put the nesting period up in November
and December, so it is plainly apparent
that wild birds raising young in mid
winter is physical impossibility.
''Very truly yours, J. D. F."
story used here recently, from one of
Moliere's famous comedies. Of the fell
low who, pretending to be a physician,
diagnosed the case of young girl who
was dumb, and in his talk with the
father put the heart on the right side
and the liver on the left.
mo doubt your argument is wonder
full" said the perplexed father, "but l
thought the human heart was on the
left side and the liver on the right"
''That was true, in the old days." said
Evening star., 1950-12-05
To Make Shopping Safer

The Metropolitan Police Departments Traf-
nc Division Is doing a good job in protecting
the Christmas shopper. There is a catch to
the modern Christmas that is more than senti-
mental It is the unfortunate fact that traffic
accidents rise during the Yuletide season. This
LIS due in part to more people crossing the streets
more automobiles honking their way through
them, and earlier darkness.
The Police Department is doing its best to
see that the tired mother leaving the stores
with her arms full of packages gets safely across
Ordinarily only IL downtown corners have a
traff1c policeman on duty all during the business
day. From now on until Christmas traffic
policemen will be stationed at 20 crossings. The
detail will be increased If necessary. This is
made possible by the use of 80 rockies from the
Police Training School. They are carrying out
their assignments with zeal and courtesy.
1t is hard work. The citizen has been much
better disciplined as a motorist than as a pedes-
trian. It is the person on the curb tempted to
step on, who starts q surge of shoppers across
the street That is what keeps the traffic officer
alert and his whistle busy. The traffic policemen
stand long watches. There is no relief between
and $50 pm. They are entitled to considera-
tlon and appreciation from the public they are
trying to protect.
Evening star., 1950-12-05
BY Charles E. TroceweN

the faker, "but today we have changed
all that. Now we practice medicine on
an entirely new plan"
Probably English sparrows have
changed their habits since our cor
respondent observed them in 1880.
After all, 1880 is long time ago, as
measured either by man or sparrows.
And we have progressed beyond diet
of oats, too, with our knowledge Of the
newer nutrition, with our understand
ing of vitanins, proteins, amino acids,
hormones, etc.
Even the sparrows, evidently, have
absorbed some of our knowledge, al
though they may know it not.
Modern sparrows eat peanut hearts,
the finest and plumpest sunf1ower seed.
suet, raisins, whole wheat bread, white
bread reinforced" with vitamins, etc.
All these goodies from the hands of
the thousands Of persons living in and
around Washington who have, in recent
years, taken up the wholesome indoor
outdoor sport of bird feeding.
Birds Of America" edited by one of
the most respected and revered figures
in ornithology, says, Of English sparrow:
1.-TWO broods at least in a season,
usually three, and sometimes four and
five"
Volume Of that work. on page 10.
says:
AT least two broods are raised in q
season, but the usual number Is three.
and trustworthy observers have recorded
four and fve."
Evening star., 1950-12-05
ARLINGTON, Va.

"Dear Sir:
Reference is made to your column re.
Gently published in The Evening Star in
which you discussed a communication
from a resident Of Falls Church, in
which he complained Of annoyance from
birds in his attic.
BASED on long years Of close observa-
tion of bird habits, your statement as to
birds nesting at this time of year (No-
vember) does not come within the limits
OF reason or common sense.
During the years 1880 to 1900, my
self and two others made careful OBJ
servations Of the breeding habits of the
English sparrow. In this period hauling
was done by horse power and the streets
were constantly Uttered with manure
containing large amounts of pre-
digested oats, ideal sparrow food.
"This great abundance of food was
the primary cause of the great boom in
sparrow production, but in no single in
stance did we ever note case where e.
brood exceeded six and the general
average was five young, nor did we ever
find an instance of any pair having more
than two broods in a season.
X
1T therefore borders on the ridiculous
to say that sparrows produce as many as
five broods amounting to IS young in a
breeding season.
This can be clearly demonstrated by
q little simple arithmetic.
In q very mild season sparrows start
Evening star., 1950-12-05

nings to its Russian supported present.
day fruition.
In making his point that q collapse
Of the Mao regime from internal causes
cannot be expected before 1852, DR.. WI
deals exhaustively with two pacts: The
Sino-Soviet Treaty Of Friendship and
Alliance of August IA, 1945, and the
Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship,
Alliance and Mutual Assistance of
February II, 1850. The later one, he
says. substantially cancels out the
earlier, and has done much to raise the
stature of Soviet goodwill in the eyes
Of the Chinese public.
To put 1t bluntly, DR.. WI considers
the 1945 pact a sell-out, and he places
much of the blame for it on the late
President Roosevelt's bargaining at
Yalta. The Yalta agreement, DR.. WI
declares, gave the Soviet Union more
gains for less effort than any similar
pact of modern times"
When Mao came to power, the Soviet
granted him a new treaty which
vouchsafed China many of the things
Evening star., 1950-12-05

taken from her In the 1945 agreement.
Under this agreement, the Kremlin has
until 1852 to begin fulfilling its promises.
Thus, DR.. WI explains, no crisis will
occur until the 1852 deadline, and then
only II Russia fails to live up to her
undertakings. He predicts that, with
Mao continuing in power and willy-nilly
following the Moscow line, the Soviet
will be happy to live up to the treaty.
DIR. Wu's book was written before the
outbreak of war in Korea in June, and
of course long before Chinese partici-
patton in strength became evident. He
observes. however. that Korea was, in
that spring Of 1850. one Of the points
"of greatest danger to peace in the Far
East"
And DR.. WI makes one statement, in
discussing the future of the Orient. which
points up the distance China has gone
afield from the realm Of logic and
reason:
"China's duty" DR.. WI writes, "is to
minimize the cold war in Asia. instead
of making 1t hotter"
Evening star., 1950-12-05
Arthritis Campaign

The sponsors of the current campaign against
arthritis and rheumatism have called attention
to the economic loss involved in the prevalence
OF these diseases. They say that 81 million work.
days are lost annually by people afflicted by
them. Society inevitably pays the bill, one way
or another. It therefore is plain that the problem
OF finding the causes and practical methods of
cure is social problem to the solution of which
everybody properly may be called
So far the nature of rheumatism and
arthritis is mystery. They are among the
Oldest of the ills that flesh is heir to- yet how
they are caused is a question for which no
answer as yet has been found. Physicians know
that Inflammation Of the connective tissues of
the human body occurs The average layman
can visualize its development-and its tragic
effects. Gradual enlargement of the Joints of
the body likewise is discernible phenomenon.
What people do not comprehend is why these
painful changes in the human frame happen.
Before the ArthritiS and Rheumatism
Foundation was established research in this
field was almost moribund. Discovery and appli-
cation of cortisone and ACTH stimulated interest
in the whole subject But these new medicines
are not solution for the ver-all problem. There
still is poignant need for systematic study of
rheumatism and arthritis by trained and ex-
perienced research workers. The campaign now
In progress Is strictly scientific in purpose. It
is aimed at learning how to fight successfully
the most widely prevalent chronic diseases
known to the population of the United States.
The goal is only 50 million for the Nation at
large Headquarters for Washington are: Room
TO- sis Fourteenth street Northwest, and con-
tributions should be addressed: District of
Columbia Chapter, Arthritis and Rheumatism
Foundation.
Evening star., 1950-12-05
Ready to Serve

The Civilian Air Patrol gave an impressive
demonstration last Sunday of It's readiness to
serve It's country in any emergency. These pilots
who ordinarily fly for pleasure staged an air.
search h-and-rescue exercise that showed that they
stand prepared to take flying seriously when the
occasion requires.
The CAP proved its worth as home defense
organization during World War IT, It's little
non military planes not only helped to guard
against forest fires, to search for crashed planes
and to perform other routine missions, but some
CAP flyers took active part in hunting sub
marines along our coasts during the height of
the U-boat menace. After the war the organ
1zation kept alive and, as more civilian sport"
planes became available for general use, began
TO grow. With the development by the Air Force
OF countrywide eair-search-and-rescue system.
the CAP flyers found themselves assigned an
important job to do.
How efficiently they are doing that Job was
apparent in Operation Sarcap" in which e5
private planes criss-crossed $500 square miles
OF territory in search of simulated wreckage of
a transport plane. Two planes of the Washington
Wing were the first to spot the "wreckage"
There are hazards in such an undertaking. as
was evidenced by the crack-up of one plane in
Virginia and the injury of three of its occupants
The more than 1870 flyers who took part in the
training deserved the 'Well done" voiced by
officers of the 9Th Air Rescue Squadron who
monitored the test.
Evening star., 1950-12-05
Grim Reading About China and Russia
By William Hines

n AN WE hope that the Chinese Com
munist regime, now driving deep
into Korea in its first real test Of
strength outside China, will collapse Of
Its own weight or from internal opposi-
ton? Or, consolidating its internal
power. will the Mao Tze-tung govern
ment perhaps take the much discussed
turn to Titoism. reading itself out Of the
Soviet community?
There is hardly q chance Of the former
eventuality coming to pass before 1862.
and scant chance ever Of the latter oc-
curing. according to DR.. Aitchen K.
Wus book, China and the Soviet
Union," published last week by John
Day Of New York.
DR.. Wu's scholarly work Is deserving
Of the attention of all Americans who
ponder the future not only Of East Asia
but Of the world. It is not an easy book
to read, and the message it carries is
from the Western standpoint
tic in the extreme. But 1t appears to be
oriented neither to right nor to left, and
therefore Is of definite value to the stu
dent of current affairs.
A former official Of China's foreign
service, DR.. WI makes his case for the
inevitability of close accord between
Russia and China on basis understand
able to all Americans. The two Asiatic
nations have common frontier several
thousand miles long-longer even than
the Canadian United States border, and
at least as indefensible. For China to
sustain government overtly hostile to
the Soviet Union. DR.. WI contends.
would be as impracticable as for Canada
to establish a regime dedicated to con-
f1ict with the United States.
Thus Titoism is lost cause as far
as China is concerned, DR.. WI says.
No apologist for the Communist Party
in China, he makes no pretense that
the Mao government is anything but
what it appears to be-an Iron Curtain
ally of the Soviets. He does not strain
American credulity with the old story
of the agrarian reformers; rather, he
charts the progress Of Chinese COM
munism from its Russian-inspired begin
Evening star., 1950-12-05
No More Munichs

Upon the arrival of Prime Minister
Atlee in Washington, there is no doubt
great fear among the American people
that he is coming with appeasement
plans that could weaken our hands. The
thinking people Of America have not
forgotten the events of Munich in 1899.
It Is the understanding of many of our
people that Britain wants the West to
come to an honorable" agreement with
Russia. Chamberlain too had an "hon-
orable" agreement with Hitler at Mu-
mich. and I'm sure the British people
remember as well as we. do where that
led us. Peaceful overtufes with totali-
tartan governments are nothing but
signs of weakness and timidity.
Let us hope that the Prime Ministers
Evening star., 1950-12-05
Double STANDARD

After listening to the representatives
of Mao and Stain at the United Nations,
1t seems that some items out Of the past
show how an act which is considered
normal" by the Russians II done by
themselves is condemned by them as bad
If done by others.
When the Spanish trouble was taking
place, with Franco against the then
Spanish government, the Soviets said 1t
was not civil war at all, but that
Franco was front for Hitler and Musso-
lini as a recipient Of arms from those
dictators. The Soviets thereupon con-
sidered themselves warranted in sending
arms and Soviet-manned aircraft to
Spain for the government to use against
Franco.
However, the Soviets claim 1t is civil
war in Korea although the North Ko-
reans analogous to the Franco forces)
were Soviet-sponsored, Soviet-supplied
and Soviet-managed. Russia says that
any nation becomes an aggressor in
Korea by supporting the Korean govern
ment.
In China, if Mao-with Soviet sponsor
ships at war with the Chang govern
ment. 1t is a "civil war;" but any country
which assists the Chang government
to the Soviet view.
Korea and China are no more civil
wars than was Spain. But the Soviets
say that Hitler stooge was Quisling,
while Stain stpoge is head of q
Peoples Republic" a.
Marvin Alexander.
Evening star., 1950-12-05
Compromise on Eritreo

Eritrea Italy's former East African colony
on the Red Sea- is to have a semi independent
future under the plan just adopted by the
United Nations General Assembly, The plan
is compromise between clashing proposals.
and 1t Is therefore less than perfect-like all
compromises. Nevertheless, even some of its
chief opponents have admitted that it may work
well If 1t is put into effect with good faith.
Approved by resoundng vote of 46 to 10,
with abstentions, the plan would establish
Eritrea as political entity enjoying internal
self-rule in federation with Ethiopia The over
all federal government, however, under the
sovereignty of the Ethiopian crown would have
top authority in the fields of communication.
commerce, finance, foreign affairs, defense and
similar spheres of responsibility involving the
joint interests of the Eritreans and Ethiopians
To pave the way for the federation, the
plan provides for transition period that would
end no later than September Is, 1882 In the
interim, Britain would continue as the admin
istering authority while special United
Nations commissioner would advise and assist
in the organization of constitutional Eritrean
government. The plan further provides that the
people of Eritrea, besides being guaranteed
fundamental human rights and liberties, would
be represented in the federal legislature in pro-
portion to population, and their voice in
special imperial advisory council would be equal
to Ethiopias
All this falls considerably short of the full
independence that the Soviet Union and
number OF other countries have advocated for
Eritrea. But considering such factors as
geography and economic resources-as well as
Evening star., 1950-12-05
Studying America

am q teacher In Mexico City. After
working for "a years I was selected to
receive an In-Service Training Scholar
ship in the United States for six
months.
Before leaving for Mexico, wish to
express my profound gratitude to the
Oflce Of Education and its efficient
staff. which conducts the exchange pro-
gram so perfectly. and to the people Of
the United States for the nice treat
ment I have had everywhere. I had
the opportunity to widen my knowledge
of English. I have met all kinds of ex-
cellent people and learned about Amer
lean home life.
will do my best to teach about your
great country in Mexico.
Prof. FacundO Calvo.