Evening star., 1950-04-23

better material. life for ourselves
and for other people in many parts
of the world.
One part Of this effort has to
do with setting in operation again
the great workshops of the free
world. Since the end of the war
we have worked steadily at this
problem and we have had a vast
measure of success. The chimneys
of these factories are smoking
again: raw materials are moving
into them: finished goods are NOV
ing out. Hundreds of millions of
people see the specter of insecurity
in their daily lives being pushed
further back.
Another part of this effort to
develop the economic conditions
for freedom is to help create new
workshops, new crops. new wealth
in places where they have not
existed before. That is the pur-
pose of the residents program of
technical assistance for under
developed areas. now before the
Congress.
AS you know, there are great
areas of the world where people
are living in a state of extreme
poverty that is almost impossible
for us to imagine. Millions of these
people are not content any more
to accept these conditions of pow
erty for themselves or their chill
dren. They are looking for a
way out. That is a good thing.
The will to change is half the
battle. But the question is whether
these people will choose a way
out that leads to freedom. The
question is whether they will move
ahead in the free world with us.
If we want them to move in the
direction of freedom, we must help
them.
1t is as simple as that-but it
is tremendously important to the
United States, to our security and
we'll being. And so We must put
a great effort behind this pro-
gram.
Now while we are helping to get
workshops going-old and new
and to get people producing in
Europe and other parts of the
world. We have to do still another
thing. And that is to develop
O sensible system of trade to ex-
change the goods which are being
and will be produced. This free
world of ours can't operate If peo-
pie are cooped up within narrow
national limits, if they are not
able to move about freely and
exchange their goods, their serv-
ices and their ideas and knowledge.
Building up an orderly and free
system of exchange is what we
mean when we talk about ex-
panding world trade. To develop
a sensible system of exchange we
must push ahead with such things
as the International Trade Or
ganlzation. and reciprocal trade
agreements.
Great Effort Needed.
We are going to have to make
a great national effort. also, to get
our own trade with the rest of the
world into balance, to get out of
the situation where we are selling
abroad much more than we are
buying and making up the differ
ence out Of the pockets of Ameri-
can taxpayers. Nobody here or
abroad wants that situation to
continue indefinitely. AS part of
the remedy we shall have to buy
more from abroad. and that will
demand a concerted national ef-
fort.
The fifth line of action is in the
political field. In this political
field we have so far only scratched
the surface of what can be done
to bring the free world closer to-
gether, to- make it stronger and
more secure and more effective.
There are many ways of organ
izing the free world for common
action, and many different opin-
ions on how it should be done. But
I think it is important in this hour
of danger to concentrate our
minds and our energies on using
the machinery we have at hand,
on expanding it, and making it
work. When you look over the
field, you will see that we now
have created a great deal Of good
machinery.
There is the whole machinery
of the United Nations which We
are continually learning to use
more effectively. Within the
framework of the United Nations