davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
Cart Before the Horse

The Commissioners have put the cart before
the horse in moving to create civilian police
reserve corps in advance of announcement Of
national policy on civil defense and before
appointment of local civil defense director. 1t
may be that the forthcoming report Of the Ma
tional Security Resources Board will recommend
a police reserve system of some sort, but until
the national policy is known it would have been
more sensible to hold in allegiance such a program
as the Commissioners have approved. Certainly
it is premature to institute any important part OF
civil defense program for Washington pending
selection of director for the program.
The new order is an Improvement, however,
over the one originally adopted-and then sus-
pended-in 1948 The first order contemplated
use of the reserve officers for such peacetime
emergencies as the Inauguration of a President
and other special ceremonies. The plan was
shelved because of JUSTIFIED opposition to crea-
ton in normal times of an armed civilian group
with possibly Vigilantelike powers. The new order
specifies that the corps will operate only in time
of war; But the plan is vague as to qualifica-
tions duties and responsibilities of the reserv1sts
It is proposed that the corpsmen will aid police
In time of riot, instruction or invasion, yet,
unless they are sworn in as special policemen
under an 1878 act of Congress, they will have no
right to carry arms make arrests or otherwise
act like policemen. That act does not authorize
the establishment of separate corps such as
Major Barrett has in mind, but permits him to
appoint special privates for emergency duty with
the regular force Nor does the recently enacted
civil defense law for the District mention police
reserve organization.
The plan is so loosely drawn, in fact, as to
merit close scrutiny by those who believe that the
exercise of police powers should be restricted to
agencies specifically created by law for that
purpose. It would have been far better if the
Commissioners had taken the orderly course of
asking Congress for authority to set up such a
reserve corps instead of going ahead with the
two-year-old plan without benefit Of special leg
islation, of national policy for guidance and
of the supervisory services of a civil defense
director.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
Senator SchoeppeI Ponned

Senator Andrew F. Schoeppel, Repub-
hcan, of Kansas. with his charges on the
floor of the Senate regarding Oscar
Chapman, Secretary of the Interior,
shows himself to be entirely ignorant Of
basic, elementary facts. Since the man
ner of swearing Mr.. Chapman in to his
high Office seems to be the same proce-
dure that is used in swearing Senators in,
one can only come to the conclusion
that he is following his party's usual line
in denouncing all persons who happen
to differ with him in opinion as Com
munists or Communist sympathizers.
Irene Moore Van Eckhardt.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

September 10. 1860.
IRON Shanghai we had telegraphed
Il to General Marshall asking If we
might come to Chungking. He wired
back to come along. There were three
of us-Robert Mclean of the Philadel-
phia Bulletin, Norman Chandler OF the
Los Angeles Times and myself. We
reached Chungking little after noon
on February 26. 1916. and were driven
to General MarShalls quarters.
He came down the steps to meet us
and took us into a sort of combination
bedroom and Office. While we cleaned
up for lunch he told us about cere-
mony to be held within an hour or SO
which we might want to attend. The
day before, an agreement had been
reached between the Chinese Ma
tionalists and the Chinese Commu-
nists, setting forth a basis for re-
organization of the Nationalist Army.
and the integration of the Chinese Com
munist forces-or a proportionate num-
Der of them-into this new army. That
afternoon the agreement was to be
signed and ceremony had been
arranged.
The ceremony marked the culmina-
ton of at least one phase Of General
Marshall's mission to China. The Presi-
dents instructions to him had set forth
that strong, united and democratic
China" was Of the utmost Importance
to world peace, and that it was 'in the
most vital interest of the United States
and all the United Nations that the
people of China overlook no opportunity
to adjust their internal differences
promptly by methods of peaceful nego-
tiation."
General Marshall had been in China
only few months, but things seemed
to be going well. The truce had been
signed on January 10, with the General
as mediator. The fighting was being
stopped as soon as the news of the truce
was received by the scattered forces in
the field. The Chinese people wanted
peace above everything else. And now
an agreement, which meant much sac
rifice of political ambitions on both
sides, had been reached. A new Chinese
army responsible to the people Of
China instead of to the old war lords.
was to be created, merging the elements
of both sides.
General Marshall was neither pessi-
mistic nor optimistic about the outcome.
He was doing the best he could to carry
out an assignment. On our drive through
Chungking's dirty, meandering streets.
on the way to the building where the
ceremony was to take place. he spoke
of some of his difficulties-and a few
of his triumphs. One of the first things
he had done, on coming to China,
was to prevail on both sides to stop
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

atty. But he wanted to talk about
Washington-andL eesburg.
When he had left the Pentagon, he
said, he and Mrs. Marshall had all sorts
of plans of what they were going to do.
But most of them centered around COM
pletion of the restoration of the old
house they had bought in Leesburg, and
the Generals ambitions as horti-
culturist.
There was that day. for example
November 81, 1945.
All morning long the General had
been supervising the unloading and un-
packing of crates of personal belong
ings, being moved to Leesbllrg from Fort
Myer and his recently vacated Office at
the Pentagon.
At luncheon Mrs Marshall had told
the General that at last they were home
for good. There was nothing hanging
over their heads The long holiday was
about to begin. Why not little family
celebration that evening, with a quiet
dinner before an open fire-just the two
of them? 1t would be the first day. for
many long years, that the General would
not be thinking of what he had to do
tomorrow.
After luncheon Mrs. Marshall went up
stairs to rest. The General continued
his work with the packing boxes. Mrs.
Marsha1l's daughter was helping him.
The telephone rang. The White House
was calling. President Truman told
General Marshall he wanted him to go
to China. Pat Hurley had quit that
day, in huff.
General Marshall said that the curious
thing about his own reaction was that
his first thought was about Mrs. Mar
shall, and the little dinner they had
planned for that evening and what that
dinner was to mean. He accepted the
assignment to China like a soldier &C
knowledging an order. But he absent
mindedly hung up the telephone while
the President was still talking. Cen
eral Marshall said he wondered how
many people had ever hung up the tele-
phone while the President of the United
States was speaking.
He turned to his stepdaughter and
told her what had happened. But he
told her neither of them would mention
it to Mrs Marshall until the next day.
He went back to work, unpacking the
boxes. Later, he and Mrs. Marshall sat
down in the living room before dinner.
Mrs. Marshall turned on the radio for
the news. The news was that General
Marshall was going to China.
The General said nothing. Neither
did Mrs. Marshall She heard the news
cast through. The General thought he
noticed two tears roll down her cheeks.
one on each side. But still he said moth
ing about the news. Neither did she.
They walked into dinner together for
their celebration. Until the next day,
nothing was said about China. 1t might
have spoiled their evening-and the first
day at home when there would be
nothing to worry about tomorrow.
B. M. McKelway.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

ton will present an excess profits tax, that there
will be little or no opposition to It, that 1t will
become effective and that the Government will
lose no revenue by delaying enactment until a
bill is ready. BY their insistence on an excess
profits tax now, they have delayed the passage
of the "quickie" bill while giving the impression
that they are the only ones who are willing to
stand up and tax the corporations"
All of this amounts to gesture that is
basically phony, but is understandable politics.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

writing notes to each other and to sit
down and see what could be done for
China as whole. There had been
willingness on both sides to do that
The truce, the willingness to cease fire,
the long negotiations in Chungking over
army reorganization, the wide interest
in an attempt to write a new constitu-
ton for a united China-all these were
hopeful signs, at least. But there were
back-stabbers operating on both sides.
The General knew who they were and
what they were after. If he was success
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
Horror and Shame

Is it any wonder that the United States
is being pictured as wickedly and in
humanity planning greater miseries for
suffering mankind than even Hitler
wrought? We are wicked. When large
part Of nations brains is engaged in
plans for the destruction Of humanity
and It's hard-won ACHIEVEMENTS. and these
planners are honored, nothing but dis
aster can result. The following para
graph in The Star filled me with horror
and shame:
'Is the idea practical as Of today?
Can hundreds Of thousands Of small
balloons be launched from ships In the
Arabian Sea, or from larger balloons or
planes near the Russian border. and
sent drifting down, properly timed to
shower flames on dry crops or moist oil
fields?"
Iva Geary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
Hooked!

Packed, aDe pause for one last fond
Surrey OF the tickle pond,
---Unproductiue, rough, all aDeek,
No1u a mirror silver-sleek
Where, in tempting dinaples, break
Trout toe'Ue toiled in vGig to take
-HGUe your fun, Salmonidae!
NeTt gears comine-So are tDe!
HAROLD WILLARD GLEASON.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

Q. Preliminary Census reports list Ger.
tain of the State capitals according to
size. Which is the largest community;
which is the smallest?-A. M. II.
A. The smallest capital city is Carson
City, New. Boston has won first place
with population Of 1852.
@. When Washington lived in New
York. in the early days Of the Republic,
did he have favorite drive?-N. C.
A. The circuit of Manhattan Island
was one Of his favorite drives. The route
Of IA miles was by way of the Boston
and Kingsbridge Roads. over Murray
Hill. to McGowan's Pass, by Harlem
Lane: across the island to the west side
(about the site of Grants tomb and
back by the old Bloomingdale Road.
Q. How many pages Of manuscript
are in Oscar Wilde's de Profundis"?-
G. E.
A. When Wilde wrote his masterpiece,
he was in prison. Here, he was permitted
to have but one sheet of paper at time.
These, he folded each into four pages,
The manuscript consists of 80 Of them.
@. What money is used In South
Korea?-M. C. H.
A. The won is the name of the South
Korean currency. Seven hundred won IN
about equal to 40 cents.
@. Is hunting popular sport In Mich
igan?-M. M. o.
A. In 1949, the State Of Michigan sold
more than l million hunting licenses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

who do not willingly cooperate with
bureaucratic shoppers who will soon be
Fostering them from morning till night
to make sure they did not overcharge
someone penny.
Shades of Chester Bowles and Leon
Henderson, And Mr.. Brannan will do
your boarding for you.
AnnaS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
Races Pamphlet Again

In your columns September /. E. r.
Smith sought to justify the banning
of 1.-THE Races of Mankind" by ex-Con-
gresham Mays committee, for use by
our soldiers during the war against Hit
lerism. Mr.. Smith wrote that the pam
phlet was denounced as containing
statements ranging "all the way from
nalf truths through innuendos to down.
right inaccuracies" He stated that the
findings of the intelligence testers of
is million expeditionary troops in the
First World War were ridiculous in
that ian intellectual comparison be-
tween Northern Negroes and Southern
white people" gave the Negroes the high
est scores. This is not fact.
The study made by the military psy-
biologists revealed the following for the
States here mentioned:
Median scores on A. E. F. intelligence
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
Questions and Answers

The Stars readers can get the answer to
any question Of fact BY either writing Ihe
NV, Washington 8. D. c.. and inclosing 8 cents
return postage. or by telephoning ST. 5000,
Extension 35S.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

This STUDY did not indicate native or
Unborn capacity, but rather reflected the
differential in educational opportunity,
cultural advantages and income be-
tween those who live in the South and
In the North. The presumption is that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

A pseudonyn1 is permissible only
Uhen letter carries correct name
and address OF DTiter. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1950-01-29
THE SUNDAY STAR, Washington, D. C.
SUNDAY, JANUARY ~,
Senator Hunt 10 Offer
Plan for Low-Cost
Health Insurance
BY the Assoeiofsd Press

A new health insurance bill
designed to provide low-cost pro-
lection for families with $4,000
or less income a year will be
introduced tomorrow by Senator
Hunt, Democrat, of Wyoming.
In announcing his plans yester-
day, Senator Hunt said the bill
carries no compulsory features
and thus does not socialize the
health profession" He said 79 per
cent Of the Nations families make
no more than $4,000 and so would
be eligible for coverage under his
bill.
A dentist himself. Senator Hunt
told a reporter he hopes the
measure will get the support of
both the American Medical Asso-
citation and the American Dental
Association, as well as other pro-
fessional groups.
80 Payroll Tax Included.
The Senator will offer his bill
as a substitute for President Tru-
mans national health insurance
program. The plan would cover
about 10000, 900 Americans and
would be financed through
per cent payroll tax. split between
employers and workers, which
would bring in an estimated
$4,000, 100000 annually.
Under Senator Hunts smaller
scale plan the actual amount and
the method of collection would
be determined by a national
health insurance board.
The insurance would cover
medical, dental, disqualification
home-nursing and other services
such as laboratory and X-ray
fees.
Administration leaders have
said they do not expect health
insurance action at this session
But the issue probably will get
plenty Of attention In the Con-
gressional election campaigns
this fall.
Would Create Cabinet Post.
Foes Of the Truman insurance
program, including the American
Medical and Dental Associations,
have contended it would socialize
the health professions. Backers of
the program, on the other hand,
say 1t is the only way to provide
adequate care at a reasonable
cost.
The Hunt bill would create a
cabinet rank department of
health. It also would provide for
federal grants and loans to set
up farmers experimental health
co-operatives and health facili-
ties in rural and other shortage
areas.
Under the bill the insurance
would cover all but the first $5
Of any family's health expenses
each year. The S. deduction
Senator Hunt said, is is\intended tc
discourage unnecessary visits tc
doctors and dentists offices.
Evening star., 1950-01-29
Produce Markets

baltimore quotations furnished by the
ApplesMsrEpstO asas EpsOardImsnt dn q
bushsl baskets and Eastern asfa crates, T. usns' s
stated,a ss Masn,snd iasnss UP tgnlsss otherwise
Delcioas as'k pSsS 6pSSisS 1sS: ieS
%sss afs Exla. hsh color hTS atss STAY: =:
and West virsiia various sarsetes reia1a era.
nsTy TJ to fair quality and condition. 10
..sts Tgfri' G. T. Sr -. aooDesna
Washed Washed INC mostly used sacks, 1880. few
Sweet Potatoes@ESiarksest shef daIl; bushel
baskets. MARYLAND. and virginia, some
SSasnsd halat. and md, wsxed. Goldens. y. g.. Is.
'em ssst pses.re see eus1se sebsi aesns s..
~ soo;s5. New jersey, Susssl el hampers. Saa..
Livestock Market :Oo'
Cattle--Compared last week: Slaughter
soWa ad ana neifers weak to 25 cents lower
cattle fully steady: high good and choice HSs
steers and yearlings 90. 9.00-33.0O; medium
and 1.d,N good: e 1877; 90; lgw-medium, 23.25;
good heifers. %. .oo-35 90; " medium ii a'nHi and
good s3o-pound Western heifers,. "a 90:
1000; common and medium, I5oo-17.oo;
Sssi SsnneFs ss,,,s and cutters !aoo.I5oo sood
1DSel pulls, AE.OU-2o.OU; sausage, 1900
1885, 10 90; good and choice 57s.ss4..
po9nd Ga5vss stocssr anSas' steers 26.75-27 90. go
ally nsssr ass wseks week AND Sens5 es.ns
p top &c. 90: good and choice vealers, 81 90
80. 90; common and medium, 22 .00-3O. 90:
culls. I3.00-21 90,
e cents higher; choice around 1s5-500-
sood and Choice n1 isosaS Sd0dss pounds sSe igt eg.
ssoq Bounds aa3sfe 5RSSqnpsss 1886 soana
1b.2k-16.25; 300-400 pounds. 14.00-l5 90:
pounds; i7.25-i7 so; 1eo-Iso pounds,
14So-i4 Is; good 4oo4so % pounds en D9snHs. 9s 90.
1925; heavier weights 1925 down.
Sheep-Compared last week: Wooled
weeks and closing top lambs $50: e.Isea sood
common and low-mediun, is.oo-sS 90:
good and ehoiss S,s'r ewes; MOO, s;Qe;
Elour--Receipts. 7,S06 LOO pound sacks,
ments, 5000 bushels; stocks, 4,226.740
Sonsssis sls; sanaars. s.' saIsky sis; No. .Dos
:, ,s G., ssG,rnaR.eeips. 2s7s7 by bushels; M ship
msnfs. nons; stocks. ioi .44S bushels. sup
Barley---Receipts, none; shipments, none;
STOCKS sysS:sslnti 1s:;shS bushels oo bushels. .n,,
ments, none; stocks, 144,12g bushels.
shipmsnts, none: stocks 2e0-726 bushels
Butter and EsEs..
sssspt. iSs. sslns.
nsssE ssy sss sssss's' mssiS ssisss sssy: ssf:s s.
snssea.d snsse so-ss. s.sis 1885, current receipts
Evening star., 1950-01-29
BedelI Smith Says Bayonets
Keep Red Regime in Power
BY the Asseeiofsd Press

NEW YORK, Jan. 2s.-The
present Russian regime is ce.
mented by secret police and
nailed in place with bayonets, ,
1t. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith
former American ambassador to
Moscow. declared today.
Addressing the All-American
Conference Of National Organiza-
tions United Against Communism,
Gen. Smith said that 200, 900 900
Russian citizens are being ruled
by political party numbering less
than 5000. 900.
"The police organization has
continued to grow more robust, I"
he said, "even though the Com
promised to abolish It,"
George N. Craig Of Brazil, Ind,
commander Of the American Le-
gion, sponsor Of the conference.
said its purpose was to "co-ordi-
nate the activities Of those citi-
zens' bodies, national in charac-
ter. which have among their de-
clared purposes the maintenance
of the American constitutional
system"
Evening star., 1950-01-29
5tabiIizing Dollar Called
Vital 10 Nation S Economv
BY the Associoted Press


NEW YORK, Jan. 28.-The Ma
ton must stabilize the value of
the dollar or face economic
disaster, the Institute of Life In
surance said in a new economic
bulletin.
If the purchasing power of the
dollar were to decline anywhere
near as much in the next SO years
as it did in the first half of the
goth century. the effect on the
peoples savings and their security
programs would be chaotic, the
institute said.
While the last half-century may
have been the period of the great
est economic growth in American
history, it also was marked by a
wider net rise In living costs than
for any previous period dating
back to 1920. Living cost sta
tistics are not available before
that year.
With all it's soundness as cur
rency, the dollar today will buy
only a third as much as it did In
1900" the institute commented.
Evening star., 1950-01-29
Business Briefs

Mutual Savings Bank deposits
over the Nation increased $751;
900, 900 in 1949 to a new high of
$19, ,287 100000. The rise in l948
was $641 100000. - National As
sociation of Mutual Savings
Banks.
Automobile, Production again is
ahead of sales, due to seasonal
factors. January registrations are
expected to be 10000 while fac
tory output should be about 475,-
900.
Safeway Stores, Inc, raised it's
quarterly dividend to so cents
share from 40 cents payable April
/, to stock held March Is.
Youngstown Sheet G. Tube in
year ended December 81 earned
$31 ,777,010 or 1887 a share vs.
$35,711,732 or $21.32 in 1948.
Lone Star Cement Corp. in year
ended December 81 earned $9,792,-
292 or $1032 share VS.. $7,755,541
or $S18 in 1948.
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad in
year ended December 81 earned
$7,743,391 or $9.39 q share VS..
$7,684,913 or 1892 in 1948.
Gulf, Mobile & Ohio Railroad
in year ended December 81 earned
$4,000,263 VS.. 1922 ,073 in 1948.
Western Pacific Railroad Sys-
tenn in year ended December 81
earned $3,951. .458 VS.. $3,536,o01 in
1948.
Chicago; Burlington & Quincy
Railroad in year ended December
81 earned $15,419,492 or $9.03 a
share VS.. $28,081, 700 in 1948.
Alabama Great Southern Rail-
road in year ended December 81
earned $2,365, ,915 or s10.55 a share
VS.. S3,401 ,929 or $15.17 in 1948.
Baltimore Transit Co. in year
ended December 81 earned $685.
1913 compares with a net loss Of
$1,964,856 in 1948.
Chicago, Mil, st. Paul & P. R.R,
in year ended December 81 earned
$3,753.000 or $3.35 a share VS..
$4.912,349 or $4.38 in 1948.
Chicago & North Western in
year ended December. 81 earned
$1,133,684 VS.. $7,9o5, ,48o in 194s.
Gin, New Orleans g. Tex. Pac.
in year ended December 81 earned
VS.. $6,561. .4s2 in 194S.
Lehigh Valley Railroad in year
ended December 81 earned STA
265 VS.. $3.315,060 in 1948.
Minneapolis & st. Louis Ryw.
in year ended December 81 earned
81 ,305,78 or $2.17 a share VS..
or $3.50 in 194S.
Pittsburgh e. Lake Erie Rail-
road in year ended December 81
earned $5,064.145 or $3.50 VS.. So
328.659 or 1854 in 1948.
Tampa Electric Co. in year
ended December 81 earned ST.
802,854 or $3.01 a share VS.. ST.
205,048 or $202 in 1948.
New England Gas and Electric
and subs. in year ended Decem-
ber 81 earned s2,352,191 or S1.46
a share VS.. $1,984,509 or $1.31 in
1948.
Golden States Co., Ltd, in year
ended December 81 earned ST.
011,177 or $1.64 a share VS.. $780,
8l4 or IS cents in 1948.
Koppers Co. announced j. C..
Mehaffey, former governor of the
Panama Canal Zone, has been
made the new operations director
for its projects in Turkey.
Evening star., 1950-01-29
Chicago Grain

CHICAGO, Jan. % R.-Grains dipped
IN early dealings and then recovered to-
ward the close on the. Board of Trade
to-day, Soybeans, weakest early, came
back the strongest late in the day. There
was nothing to alter the usual routine
Saturday trading pace.
A statement by two University of Illinois
economists. pointing out that soybean
prices usually rise during the October May
period, caused a little buying in beans.
Inc rally seemed to be based more on
traders said
-, Corn bookings totaled 10000 bushels In
the past two sessions bookings have picked
up. considerably from recent weeks. indi-
eating greater willingness on the part
OF the country to sell at bids which are
now being made. cash dealers said.
Wheat closed unchanged to % higher,
March Eliza; corn was ss-la higher,
March l:2ess; oats were h-1ss higher,
March 70; rye was 81 to l cent higher.
May :35; soybeans were unchanged to i
cent higher, March 2.33, and lard was Z
to 10 cents hundred pounds higher.
March 1897 to 1910.