davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-09-08
A-Bomb Defense TuIks
In CAP Troininq Beqin

About 10 members of the Wash
ington area Civil Air Patrol last
night received basic instruction in
atom bomb defense.
The session, first of 10 covering
the subject, was held in the Tariff
Commission Building, Seventh and
E streets NE, with Capt. Aris
Carpousis, an Air Force Reserve
officer, as instructor.
He has studied atomic bomb
defense at Randolph Air Force
Base, San Antonio. Tex.
The course is required Of all
CAP cadets and senior members
as part of the groups training
program. Members who complete
the course and successfully pass
an examination will receive a
certificate.
Evening star., 1950-09-08
Old Pierce Mill Gets Repairs
For Busy Grinding Season

public school children from
Washington, Maryland and Vir-
ginia will begin visiting the prem
ises this fall to attend Mr.. Watt S
classes in Mythology"
Carpenters from NCP shops
have been working the past week
on the repair job. BY the time
they finish, practically everything
except the axle of the water
wheel will be new.
Mr.. Watt has a pleasant surprise
for the school children this fall
He has just about finished a small
model of the mill, completely
equipped with electrical mechan-
ism and lights.
At Pierce Mill, restored in 1886
as a public works project, water
ground corn meal, whole wheat
and buckwheat flour may be pur-
chased by the general public. Mr.
Watt keeps small walls of the
dlr1erent KINDS OF grain, which are
given to the school children when
they visit.
Going to the mill to see how the
flour is made is part of the schoo,
routine. The obliging miller has
picture guide-a sort of Rube
Goldberg affair-which illustrates
the entire process of grinding
grain into flour or meal.
Mr.. Watt has been miller fol
the last seven or eight years, op-
Grating it for Government Services
Inc, which has charge for the
National Capital Parks Office. Be-
fore then. he worked at the Tourist
Camp. He is a bachelor and re-
sides at 1871 Kilbourn place NV
Evening star., 1950-09-08

Old Pierce Mill in Rock Greek
Park, which specializes in top
grade -four, is being readied for a
busy season this fall.
Raymond B. Watt, the official
miller, recently took stock of the
mill equipment and found the
big water wheel in pretty bad
shape. Time and the elements
had rotted away many of the
timbers, weakening the whole
wheel.
With the fall grinding season
nearly ready to open, Mr.. Watt
told T. Sutton Jett, special as
sistant to the superintendent of
National Capital Parks, to remedy
the situation. Several thousand
Evening star., 1950-09-08
Romans Cut Wine Use

ROME-Wine growers of the
Rome area say that average per
person consumption of wine in the
province has dropped more than
so per cent since World War II
and have asked the government
for a drastic reduction in taxes
The request is being considered by
the Provincial Council.
Evening star., 1950-07-02
AII-Service Prints
Go on Display at
The Smithsonian

Top pictures from the second
annual all-service photography
contest, concluded last month at
the Pentagon. have been moved
to the Graphic Arts Division
OF the Smithsonian Institution,
where they will be on display
through July.
The prints. representing the best
Of 480 entries from the armed
services, were previously hung at
the Pentagon and later had two
weeks showing at the Commerce
Department Building. Among
them are entries from Army, Air
Force and naval personnel sta
toned in the Washington Metro
politan Area.
The exhibit. in the northwest
gallery of the Arts and Industries
Building. Ninth street and Jeffer-
son drive S.W., may be seen from
8 am. to 4:30 pm. weekdays and
Sundays.
Twelve outstanding men in the
Photographic industry have been
chosen by United States Camera
to serve on the Presentation Com
mittee for the 1850 awards, No
vember Z. Nominations for
achievement awards are still being
received.
Evening star., 1950-07-02
Poole Is Winner
At Bethesda Club

Hamilton H. Poole's Fishing
Boats" has been announced as
the winning print on the print-of-
the-year competition Of the Be-
thesda- Chevy Chase Camera Club.
The suburban group which
meets in the Cottage of the Be
thesda Chevy : Chase Recreation
Center. will hear Lee Salesbery on
Various Aspects of Commercial
Photography" at meeting Tues
day evening at s o'clock. There
will also be a monochrome print
contest. Meetings of the club
will continue through the summer
months.
Evening star., 1950-07-02
Blythe Print Wins
Old Donninion's
Annual Award

A print entitled wide Hori-
zons." by Richard Blythe. 1881
Key boulevard. Arlington, was
picked as print-of -the-year We'd
nesday at the annual dinner meet
ing Of the Old Dominion Camera
Club. The event was held at the
Evans Coffee Shop in Arlington
and Mark Mooney of Baltimore,
technical editor of Camera Mag
azine. was judge.
The best color slide was pro-
duced by 1t. William Duke, Is
North Bedford street, Arlington,
entitled Tourist Shot," Mrs.
Betty Carpenter. 104 North Oak
street. Falls Church, accumulated
the most points-35-on black and
white prints exhibited. In color
slides, MISergt. Patrick Lydon,
315 South Post, Fort Myer, was
winner with 80 points.
Evening star., 1950-07-02
Viewing the Problem
Ofthe Middle Class
In q Welfare State
THE ENGLISH MIDDLE
CLASSES

THE ENGLISH MIDDLE :
CLASSES
BY Roy Lewis and Angus Maude.
fKnopf;; $3.75.)
Reviewed by Belmont Fories
Britain is finding the postwar
world no bed Of roses, and the
English middle classes, under a
Labor government. are bearing
perhaps something more than
their share Of the burden. The
groups which have provided most
of the nations brains. leadership
and organizing ability are being
squeezed economically by high
taxes and high living costs. The
results of the recent election, in
which the Conservatives almost
wiped out the huge Labor majority
in Commons, must have been due
in large measure to middle class
protest vote.
The authors are Conservatives
MIR. Maude is one of the new
Conservative members of Parlia-
ment. They also are, by their
own definition, middle class, and
inclined to view with alarm some
things which Americans might
not take seriously. Such as, for
example, the difficulty Of getting
domestic servants or the increas-
ing cost of sending children to
the proper schools where they
will not be contaminated by the
working-class accent heard In
state-supported institutions.
But the problem Of the middle
class In welfare state Is a real
one. and the authors have pro-,
duced good-humored and sur
prisingly readable study Of what
might have been . rather dull
subject.
Evening star., 1950-07-02
Chess Notes
By Donald H. Mueridge

The annual Open tournament of
the Southern Chess Association is
being held this week end at Dur
ham, N. C. Three Washington
players are among the compet-
itors: The District champion,
Hans Berliner. and Edmund Nash
and George s. Thomas. both
prize-winners in the District
championship tourney recently
concluded. Seven rounds. con-
Quoted according to the Swiss
System, will be played in the
four-day tournament ending
Tuesday. Berliner carried off the
title last year, when the event
took place at Richmond, and has
excellent prospects of repeating.
The Washington Chess Divan
(2445 Fifteenth street N.W.) has
adopted an ambitious program for
the three summer months just
ahead. Mondays will, as hereto
fore. be devoted to rapid transit
chess at 10 seconds a move. w.
Jasper Flint will be in charge.
Wednesdays will be occupied by
diversified program planned and
supervised by George O,Rourke,
jr, Friday evenings will alternate
between a simultaneous exhibi-
ton by a local expert, open to
the public without charge, and a
team match disguised as Hat
f1eld-McCoy feud, to be conducted
by Philip D. Bell. On Saturday
evenings speed chess in the form
of five-minute games will be
contested by the devotees of that
frenzied form of the game. On
Saturday, July 90, the rapid
transit championship tourney of
the Divan will be conducted by
Norval P. Wigginton. A month
later, on Saturday. August 26, Mr..
Evening star., 1950-07-02
President TayIor's Death, 1850

Mississippi. Gen. Walter Jones
presented the Washington block
in the name of the city to the.
Monument managers. Gen. G. w.
p. Custis delivered a patriotic and
eloquent address.
During the exercises, it is said.
the President drank copious guam
titles Of iced water, and upon
reaching the White House ate
freely Of cherries, which resulted
in an attack Of cholera morbus.
later developing into a bilious
fever. which was given as the
cause of DEATH"
On July 10, 1850, appeared the
first public announcement of the
Presidents death. This announce
ment was brief and simply said:
Weep, fellow citizens! The
hand of death has stricken down
a great and good man! Zachary
Taylor. our honored and beloved
President, is no more! A malig-
nant and rapid disease has swept
him from the living. No longer
ago than Thursday last he was
apparently in the full enjoyment
OF health and strength, particle
pating in the patriotic ceremonies
OF our Nations birthday, and now
Is numbered with the dead. He
expired last night at 10:30 O'Clock,
surrounded by his affiicted family.
He died with the composure which
conscious virtue. fortitude, and
confidence in the goodness of God
can alone impart. His last in
telligible words were: IT am not
afraid to die. I have done my
duty; my only regret is leaving
those who are near and dear to
me-"
The funeral was held from the
East Room Of the White House
on July IS. and the public was
permitted to view the remains.
Rev. DR.. Pyne of st. Johns Epis-
copal Church. assisted by Rev.
c. B. Butler and other clergymen,
conducted the religious services,
and after an imposing funeral
parade the body was temporarily
placed in the public vault at Con-
gressional Cemetery. and later
inferred in the Taylor vault on
what some years ago was referred
to as "a by-road leading into what
is known as the Brownsboro road"
1t is on the land that Col. Richard
Taylor's father settled upon in
TITS. The bodies of Col. Taylor
and other members Of the family
are also buried there.
For many years the tomb was
neglected, and was rapidly falling
into decay when Richard H. Tay-
lor, a nephew Of President Tay-
lor, put 1t in proper repair.
Evening star., 1950-07-02

AH tHsfteHSt
for hard or contrasty negatives
and the higher numbered papers
are for use with soft. fiat mega
tives.
Intensifying Negatives.
A latent image" is the invisible
image which is present in a film
that has been exposed. You can't
see it and there is no indication
that it exists at all until the Aim
is developed. So, il you happen
to inspect strip or sheet Of ex-
posed film in the darkroom under
a safe light and 1t looks blank,
don't be alarmed. Your picture
will be there just the same and
will become increasingly visible
as development takes place.
There will be occasions when
you will take a negative out of
the developer to discover that the
image is very weak because the
film was either underexposed or
underdeveloped. If the scene is
worth saving you can do this with
an "intensifier." This is a chemi-
cal solution which increases the
intensity or contrast of the image
to the point where you will be
able to make a usuable print.
Should the negative be devoid Of
detail in the shadow areas, in
tensification will be Of little help.
Intensification can only build up
that which is already there.
At another time you may,
through inadvertence, find that
you have produced negative at
the other extreme of the scale
one that is too dense all over or
in certain areas for satisfactory
printing. In this case you will
have recourse to "reducer,. u
This is solution which will dis
solve away the unwanted or sur
plus silver deposit of negatives or
prints. It should be explained
that all reducers do not act alike.
One will remove excess silver in
amounts proportional to the origi-
nal densities. Another will react
on the shadow areas alone. while
still another will reduce the in
tensity of the highlights while |
leaving the shadow areas un-
affected. Each negative that is to
be reduced should, therefore. be
studied with these facts in mind
so that you will select the right
formula to accomplish just so
much and no more.
Stock Solution.
A "squeegee" is a rubber roller
or strip of rubber fitted with a
handle which is used to bring
prints into full contact with glass
or metal surfaces for smooth,
wrinkle-free drying. The squee-
gee is also used for removing ex-
cess water from the prints. If
you make glossy prints you will
find one indispensable.
A "stock solution" is simply a
concentrate of the solution you
will use in processing films or
prints. Before use. a specified
amount of water is added to dilute
the mixture to a usable strength.
The use of stock solutions will
save you many hours of chemical
mixing that otherwise would be
necessary. I
''Transparencies" are pictures
which are viewed by transmitted
light. Your natural color films
are transparencies as are lantern
slides and other pictures which
are viewed in this manner.
A toned" print is one that has
had its color changed chemically.
There are direct toners that
change the color upon immersion.
Other toners require that the print
be bleached out and redeveloped.
In another process the silver
image is mordanted to accept
Evening star., 1950-07-02
Deuel.
Continued From Page CID

itary alliance with the Philippines
which obliges this country to 60
to the Filipinos' aid If they are
attacked. America is not formal
ly bound to defend Korea-or
Formosa or Indo- China-however
except insofar as it is obligated
by the u. N. Charter as all other
members are. The fact that the
United States has resorted to
force to defend South Korea thus
raises the question whether this
country might act similarly
against aggression anywhere else
in the future. S,
This, then, is the logic which
led to the decision to intervene.
If the decision seemed sudden
and dramatic it was because the
action which led to the decision
was sudden and dramatic.
The North Koreans achieved
tactical surprise" in their attack,
which is a polite way of saying
that the United States was caught
flat-footed.
Reports had reached Washing
ton that the Communists were
building up forces strong enough
to make a major attack. but ap-
parently there was no warning
that the assault was to be launched
at this time. If there were any
such warnings either they did moi
reach top policy officials or were
not taken seriously.
Struck on u. N. Anniversary
The North Koreans struck
almost exactly five years to the
day after the founding of the q. N.
with its bright hopes of a brave
new world. and the international
crisis which has resulted from the
Communist aggression is coming
to a head as the fifth anniversary
of V-J day apprenticeship day
when American and Soviet troops
prepared to move into Korea to
accept the surrender of japanese
troops there.
!, Japan had seized Korea in 1894
formally annexed it in 1910 and
ruled it until 1o45
The world is dependent on the
unsupported avowals of the Krem-
lin for knowledge of what has
happened north of the 38th par
allel since 1945. According to
these statements, a "free" govern
ment was set up in North Korea
at about the same time the re-
public in the south was proclaimed
and the Red Army Withdrew Its
last forces from the north on
Christmas Day, 1913.
Nobody in Washington is abso-
lutely sure whether or not the
Soviets really withdrew all their
forces-or how far--or whether
these forces stayed withdrawn. y
Events have now convincingly
demonstrated. however, what Off
cials here have long believed to
be the case: Whereas the republic
of South Korea has only a con-
stabularly force. the North Kor-
cans have been more handsomely
endowed by their comrades and
sponsors in the Kremlin.
tBy Special Advancement with the
ct. Louis POST -Dispatch.)
Evening star., 1950-07-02

signed his commission in the
Army.
Abraham Lincoln came to
Washington in 1847 to attend the
Thirtieth Congress. Like Gen.
Taylor, he was a Whig, and the
only one in the delegation from
Illinois. He served but one term
in the House of Representatives
and left for home shortly after
his time expired. Mr.. Lincoln
not only admired Gen. Taylor
but campaigned for his election,
and attended the grand inaugu-
raj ball on March 5, 1849, given in
his honor in a frame building TO
the west Of the court house,
erected for the purpose.
Lincoln Lost His Hat
The price Of admission to this
ball was $40 person, and a sur
plus Of $3.50 was later divided
between the two city orphan
asylums. Two other inaugural
balls were held the same evening
the national inaugural ball. held
at Jackson Hall. formerly at 339-
341 Pennsylvania avenue. and the
third one, which was in honor of
the visiting military organizations.
at Tarr1Si,c Sa1oon
At the inaugural ball attended
by Lincoln, adjoining the Court
house. arrangements were far from
perfect, resulting in the loss of
many hats and cloaks. and Mr..
Lincoln suffered the loss Of his
chapeau. He attended this affair
with Elihu Washburn and a few
other friends, and after enjoying
the evening. and up until 2 or 8
o'clock the next morning, the
party went to the cloak room for
their hats and wraps, and all were
successful in finding them but Mr..
Lincoln, who failed to find his hat
after an hours search.
At the time Of the Inauguration,
Gen. Taylor was stopping at the
Willard Hotel. Apparently Presi-
dent Taylor was not very well
known In Washington for the story
is told that when he appeared on
the hotel balcony on the eve Of
the induction into Office to greet
the crowd assembled there to meet
him. he was mistaken for John
Boyle. who served as chief clerk
for nearly 80 years. and during the
first jackson administration. he
had for q while, filled the higher
office of Secretary of the Navy.
Become III July 4 '''as'a
President Taylor was not priv
ileged to be President for long,
and he died on July 8, 1850. The
press reports at the time are not
satisfying in details. Indeed. the
National Intelligencer makes its
first reference to the Presidents
illness on the day preceding his
death. though it must have been
known that he was seriously i'll,
for his sickness began on July 4,
when he attended a patriotic cele-
bration at the Washington Monu-
ment, the cornerstone of which had
been laid just two years before.
The Intelligencer, referring to
this occasion, said:
"The President and q portion
Of his cabinet and many Senators
and members Of Congress were
present.
The Rev. DR.. Butler opened
the exercises with prayer. Gar
cia's Band played appropriate
music.
walter Lenox. Mayor of the
city, read the Declaration of In
dependence. The orator of the
day was Hon. Henry s. Foote of
Evening star., 1950-07-02
Two Business Groups
To Hold Meetings

The Park View Business Associa-
ton will meet at the City Bank,
1908 Georgia avenue NV. at 8
pm. tomorrow. The board of di-
rectors Of the Central Business
Association will hold dinner
meeting at $50 pm. Thursday in
the Burlington Hotel.
Evening star., 1950-07-02
Bridge CoIendor

TOMORROW--Federal Bridge Leaeue,
G p.rIs n.w Ia Sale studio. 4f 1oSs s pSs Con-
necticut: open-rating point, s pm
TUESDAY--Agricuiture Club, 1855 Euclid: /:
Club, 1914 Seventeenth: open-rating
WEDNESDAY - Stephan Studio. 1855
Euclid: open-rating point. pm.
WASHINGTON BRIDGE League Hotel Roose-
welt: open master point, 7:45 pm.
THURSDAYChess Club, Hotel Gordon;
club. Arlington Farms; rating point
7:45 PM
Gus, Ariington Farms; I ratinT point.
7:46 . M. Stephan Studio, generating
point, pm.
ter point, i pm. Chess Club. master
point. 7:45 p.m. Walsh Club, Twenty
second nd p: rating point 1880 pm.
Evening star., 1950-07-02

Bell will direct the five-minutt
game championship. And on Sat.
urday, September %. Mr.. Bell will
take to Philadelphia a team which
he is confident, will revenge the
defeat which the Divan suffered
at the hands of the Mercantile
Library last November.
The first in the Divan's series o1
simultaneous exhibitions was of.
fered June %, by Ernest M
Knapp, who contested ten game.
on nine boards. w. C. Freeman
and L. B. Thomas won from Mr.
Knapp. The performer defeated
E. S. Dillon twice. and won single
games from H. Goldhamer, j. A
Jaskiewicz, <. C. Peck, w. j
Ross, H. T. Sandlin, and N. P
Wigginton. emerging with a fina
score of 81. On the evening O,
July z, by popular request, Philir
D. Bell will play against f1fteer
opponents, the first corners will
be first served.
The most recent five-minutt
tourney at the Divan, on June 81
was won by Mr.. Bell with a score
OF IL. There followed H. Leith.
User, F. Miller. and D. F. Stetzer
81; j. R. Rice, 4-4; C. Graichen
3-5; M. Kurtz, 2-6; J. Stokes, 1 "A.
61a, and D. Stokes, a-71a.
A few more scores must be pub.
lished before Vincent L. Eaton car
award the Hughes best game priz,
in the District Championship re.
Gently concluded. In the follow.
ing Black very skillfully seize,
the initiative in a Ruy Lope,
which White conducts too pas
siyely.
Evening star., 1950-07-02
Photographic Notes

Plain, white cardboard, a piece
OF crinkled silver-foil or plywood
coated with aluminium paint,
makes a good reflector.
Evening star., 1950-07-02

coated with aluminium paint,
makes good reflector.
Best attitudes for aerial pho
Biography are 500 to 1000 feet.
Below that level, high speed shut
ter is required. Above it, atmos-
pheric haze causes a problem.
A movie film based on the life
OF Photographer Edward Weston
is being shown abroad by the
State Department for propaganda
purposes.
Photo-Pac is a 12-exposure
rental camera, which can be
placed in the mails when the pack
is exposed. Back comes the mega
tives and IL prints. They are
being released through various
store outlets.
A binder for stereo slides which
lines up and centers Transparent
cies automatically is a product of
Brumberger Co. Of Brooklyn.
One of the largest color photos,
18 feet high and go feet long is
being displayed by Eastman at its
Grand Central Terminal exhibit in
New York.
Kodacolor film in rolls is being
made available for Kodak Bantam
and Pony 828 cameras in eight ex-
posure lengths.
The Sturbridge Village museum
and crafts center in Massa-
chusetts is conducting a print
competition July 16, winners to be
announced July 80 in conjunction
with summer camera tour day.
Paul v. Forte of Philadelphia
has joined the staff of the Wash
ington Commercial Co. as con-
sultant in an expansion program.
The concern publishes Through
Government Lenses" and is enter
ing the stock photography field.
An inexpensive plastic illumina-
tor is on the market for attach
ment to View-Master stereoscopes,
providing light for three -dimen-
sional photographs. It runs on
f1ashlight batteries.
A yellow filter, when shooting
marine or beach pictures. win not
only give better sky and cloud
Evening star., 1950-07-02

A yellow filter. when shooting
marine or beach pictures. win not
only give better sky and cloud
effects, but also will protect the
lens itself from spray and dust.
Evening star., 1950-07-02

Best attitudes for aerial pho
Biography are 500 to 1000 feet.
Below that level, high speed shut
ter is required. Above it, atmos-
pheric haze causes a problem.
Evening star., 1950-07-02

A movie film based on the life
of Photographer Edward Weston
is being shown abroad by the
State Department for propaganda
purposes.
Evening star., 1950-07-02

An inexpensive plastic illumina-
tor is on the market for attach
ment to View-Master stereoscopes.
providing light for three-dimen-
sional photographs. It runs on
fiashlight batteries.