davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-02-19

ASSocldllollS HAS uo"H Vie weight ol It's influence
against the proposal and it's member associations
are nightly voicing their opposition in resolutions
of protest. On the other hand the Federation of
Civic Associations is reiteratng it's support of the
proposal
In the midst of this prevailing confusion of
opinions other important matters are somewhat
overlooked. However, it is noted that the ad-
vocates and the opponents of the Kefauver, so
called, Home Rule Bill are keeping busy. The
pros" are boasting over having obtained 153
signatures to the petition before the House Of
Representatives to discharge the District Com
mittee from further consideration of the Kefauver
bill and take it to the floor of the House for con-
Evening star., 1950-02-19
Dolls 100 Years Old
In Mount Eagle Show
Prise Contribution
By Cynthio Chamberlain, 13
Mount Eagle Elementary School,
Grovefsp VI


The first grade at my school
had a doll show recently. There
were dolls from China, Japan, Ko-
rea, Greece, Iran and a Koala
bear with real fur from Australia.
There was a doll 6 years old Zone
of the boys said she was ready for
school, a talking doll, a thumb
sucking doll, two dolls over 100
years old and a plastic school,
house.
There were 81 dolls in all, More
than 100 people came to see the
show, including two photogra-
pliers. The children served the
guests cookies and candy.
Evening star., 1950-02-19
Cash Prizes Offered
For Work of Younq
Writers and Artists

Cash prizes of 81 are awarded
for original stories, articles, poems
and cartoons published in The
Junior Star. Contributors of ma
terial which the editor considers
OF sufficient merit also are issued
reporters cards.
The contest is open to boys and
girls of high school age and under
Write on one side of paper (dou-'
BILE space if you type) and put
your name, age, address, telephone
number and school in the upper
left-hand corner. Draw with black
India ink on white paper and do
not roll or fold.
The editor reserves the right to
publish any contribution in what
ever form he thinks best, regard
less of whether it is awarded a
prize. He also may withhold
prizes awarded for contributions
found not to be original.
Checks for prizes are mailed
during the week following publi-
cation. Address: The Junior Star.
727 Star Building, Washington 4.
Evening star., 1950-02-19
Uncle Rays Corner
Land of Sonna|is' Contains
Mixture of Three Races
By Romon Coffmonn

In East-centra Africa is the known somaland.
Land of the Somais."
The Somas African natives of
rather many belonged to
the white Arabs Hanes and Negroes lived
hundreds of and the modern Soas
Evening star., 1950-02-19

Police Boys Club will participate
IN special broadcast of the Ma
tional Broadcasting Co. Stamp
Club from Station WRC next
Saturday morning at 11:15. The
youngsters are to share in a
stamp quiz conducted by James
H. Bower. Other speakers on
the program will be Major Rob-
ert j. Barrett, superintendent of
Police; Major George j. Nally,
president of the Pentagon Phil
atelic Society: and Harry j. Lind
quist, president of the National
Federation of Stamp Clubs. The
master of ceremonies will be
Walter Law.
Post Office Department officers
are considering plans for at least
one stamp and perhaps three to
mark the 150th anniversary of
Washington as the seat of the
Federal Government. 1t is pos
sible that a bicolored label will be
authenticated and blue on white.
There were 32,023 covers pro-
cessed and 546,889 stamps sold
when the Scent Gompers COM
memorative was released here on
January 81.
First-day figures for the Scent
American Bankers Association
stamp at Saratoga Springs, N. Y,
January 3, were: 704,992 stamps
sold, 388.622 covers mailed.
On March l air star route serv-
ice will be inaugurated between
Honolulu, Island of Oahu, and Kali
aupapa, Island of Molokai, Terri
tory of Hawaii. Special cachets
will be applied to covers flown.
Send stamped self-addressed en-
velopes to postmasters at Homo
lulu and Kalaupapa.
Butler, Pa, has a slogan can
collation. die in use for it's Sesqui-
centennial. A similar courtesy
will be extended to Media, Pa,
for it's centenary, May Is to June
is. The Shenandoah Apple Bios
som Festival also will be publ
cized this year with a die for use
at Winchester, Va, in advance of
April 27.
Philatelic service will be pro-
vided for covers flown from Bos-
ton to Milan, March 4. A special
cachet is ready to be applied to
envelopes addressed to persons
in either Italy or the United
States and franked with 15-cent
airpost stamps for each half
ounce of weight.
A slogan cancellation die read
ing Save Water" soon will be
placed in use in New York.
Gardena, Calf. will have a spe-
cial cachet for the beginning OF
helicopter mail service, March l
Lynchburg, Va, again is using
the slogan cancellation die read
ing: Remember: Only You Can
Prevent Forest Fires"
First-trip cachets have been
announced for highway postal
service between Knoxville, Tenn,
and Atlanta, Ga, and between
Atlanta and Columbus, Ga, Feb
ruary 81. Send covers to post
masters of cities mentioned.
Sales at the Philatelic Agency
during 1949 totaled $3,743, ,o95.72.
Austria has brought out a hand
some commemorative for the
140th anniversary of the death
of the Tyrolean patriot, Andreas
Hofer. He was an innkeeper by
trade and led a revolt against the
Bavarian occupation during the
Napoleonic wars. For a while he
was in effect governor of the
province, with headquarters at
Evening star., 1950-02-19
|Civic Problems, Civic Bodies
Cordozo-CentroI Problem Still Pending;
Will Stroyer Report Guide the Congress?
By Jesse c. Suter

Civic increased the
pending the proposed transfer of the Cardozo
School Central School
Evening star., 1950-02-19

Members of the Metropolitan His designed
Police Boys Club will participate Wilhelm Dachauer after
IN special broadcast of the Ma trait by Pazidus Amutter
tional Broadcasing Engraving was done
Club from Station WRC
Evening star., 1950-02-19
Sales at the Philatelic Agency
during 1949 totaled $3,743, ,095.72.

Austria has brought out hand
some commemorative for the
140th anniversary of the death
of the Tyrolean patriot, Andreas
Hofer. He was an innkeeper by
trade and led a revolt against the
Bavarian occupation during the
Napoleonic wars. For while he
was in effect governor of the
province, with headquarters at
Evening star., 1950-03-13
By Paul R. Leach

I F it's uneasy money.sit is stashed away
l. under the mattress or in safe deposit
boxes. How much? That's something
the Senate Gambling Investigating Com
mittee will want to know.
Uneasy money is what the Bureau of
Internal Revenue-which also is inter-
ested-calls dough that was stolen in
bank robberies, or made in shady trans
actions, gambling deals, racketeering.
1t is held in cash. 1t does not appear
in bank deposits or Withdrawals. It pays
no income taxes. That's why the Bureau
Is always concerned in quiet way.
The fact is that there is no way of
knowing just how much United States
paper money is boarded honestly, and
how much is in hiding for illegal reasons.
Since 1888, money in circulation has
increased from little over SIS, 500, 900 900
to more than $27 500000,OO0 There is
nothing unusual in that, because of our
big increase in all business transactions.
especially since the war began. Most of
it is so constantly in motion that keeping
track of the whole amount is impossible.
OF the $27,5o0,0 100000, a total of ST.
484 100000 is in hard coin Nearly $40
billion is in bank or currency notes of 81
to $50 denominations, the kind that Is in
general circulation
That leaves about Sc billion in big
bills-$1o0 to $4,000 sizes. Most of the
Evening star., 1950-03-13
Lost in the Shuttle

After getting off to a promising start, the
latest effort to repeal Virgnias poll tax died in
committee In the closing hours OF the 1850
Legislature. The repeal measure, substantially
more liberal than the one which was overwhelm-
ingly beaten in the last State election passed
the House of Delegates by vote of 73 to 2O It
was killed, however, by five to four vote in
a Senate committee.
Under this proposal, the poll tax, as pre-
requisite to voting, would have been abolished
Since most OF the poll tax receipts went for
school purposes, head tax ranging from 81 so
annually to 50 would have been substituted, with
the proceeds earmarked for schools. Another
section provided for reasonable literacy test,
and, rather surprisingly, permanent instead of
periodic registration was authorized
This would have given Virginia one of the
most liberal voting statutes in the country OF
courseF even If 1t had been approved by the
Senate, 1t would have had to survive another
session Of the Legislature and Statewide
referendum. Still, the advocates of repeal will
take heart. For the decisive House vote, and
the closeness OF the committee decision, indicate
that the poll tax is on the way out in Virginia.
Evening star., 1950-03-13
Australia and Ourselves

statement made before the Commonwealth
Parliament concerning Australian-American re-
lations by Percy C. spender Minister for External
Affairs in the new conservative cabinet has
interesting implications. Mr.. Spender suggested
the development of relationship between Aus
tralia and the United States similar to that exist
ing within the British Commonwealth.
While this would mean a new relationship
In world politics, it is mot inconsistent with the
lessons of the late war and the postwar period
A weakened Britain with paramount commit
ments in western Europe and elsewhere can
no longer carry former responsibilities in the
Far East and the Pacific. Australia must there
fore look to the United States to redress the
balance, while we on our part, might find in this
young nation valuable ally in the Pacific.
Such an Australian American relationship
need not be unduly formalized. Mr.. Spender sug
gests the first steps in an evolutionary process
when he says that his government seeks "a full
exchange of information and experience" with
the United States on all important matters "and
consultations on questions Of mutual interest. !"
He likewise stated that his government was dis
eussing the possible conclusion OF treaty Of
Evening star., 1950-03-13
MCLEAN, Va.

MCLEAN, Va.
Dear Sir:
while spending the week end in Cal
vert County, Md, our family had the
pleasure of witnessing the most enormous
migration of songbirds we have ever
seen.
1--WE awakened Sunday morning to
find four to six inches of snow blanketing
the ground. After breakfast. bevy of
bluebirds attracted our attention-vivid
colors dotted against the white of the
snow and the dark gray of sky and bay.
"The children scattered grain and
bread in sheltered places. Soon arrived
the snow birds, several kinds of sparrows
and cardinals.
about noon began the flight OF which
spoke
"A large flock of robins settled in the
trees around the house, filling the air
with their chirping chatter.
''They then descended upon the feed,
staying about half an hour, then moving
northward up the bay At least six
flocks of robins visited us that afternoon
all following the same procedure.
"All of this time, enormous flocks
were coming up the bay. some settling
for while4bu too far away to see
what species-before moving on.
"On Monday morning there were again
many flocks flying up the bay, but our
only guests for breakfast were our
regular friends of the wintertime.
IA We drove away that morning We
Evening star., 1950-03-13

the shady side is handling that kind of
money, his income tax schedules are
quite likely to get a once over.
The Treasury has another way Of
finding out about uneasy money, even
though it is in small bills. depositor
who ordinarily handles large amounts Of
cash in his business is not given second
thought. But guy who has been known
to deal only in hundreds or less who
shows up at bank with series or brief
cases full of tens and twenties and hfties
is likely to be reported to the Treasury.
His returns will get second look, too
He will be asked some questions
There is a lot of mystery about hidden
money. Back In 1929 the old large size
paper money was called in and smaller
bills were substituted All but $155 mil
lion of that has been accounted for. It
turns up every now and then-$1 million
came in last year.
II logical explanations are made there
is no penalty for the holdout. 1t might
have been found in grandpa's clock, or
in long unopened safe deposit box.
Undoubtedly lot of that $155 million
has been lost in fires or shipwrecks.
Along with millions in the newer size
bills, some may still be in foreign coun-
tries.
And then, much of it is uneasy
afraid to come out.
(chicago Daily News service.)
Evening star., 1950-03-13
This and That
By Charles E. TroceweH

were startled by flashes of yellow as a
dozen or more flickers flared UP at us
almost as abruptly as quail
I'VE enjoy your column greatly and
think it is wonderful medium for ex-
changing observations.
Sincerely, E. P"
"P. S.-Generally my husband says I
exaggerate grossly but this time he says
have underestimated the number of
birds.
I'VE both agree that each flock OF
robins numbered at least several hun
dred. Their numbers made us think of
the swarms of starlings seen on Pennsyl-
vania avenue.
May also remark that judging from
the obesity and vivid breasts of y the
birds, they must have had bountiful
winter in the South?"
This correspondent is to be con-
graduated on seeing the annual robin
migration almost at it's source.
Groups of 20 and 40 birds were re-
ported here as early as February /, but
the above writer had chance of seeing
larger groups.
These groups had spit of from even
larger ones farther South. In some
counties OF the Southland millions OF the
birds had gathered for few days.
This congregating is the nearest thing
to the annual meeting Of the now ex-
tinct passenger pigeons.
In their great flights over the Mid
West. the pigeons dropped down each
Evening star., 1950-03-13

night to roost. breaking the branches by
sheer weight Of numbers.
1t was. at this time that 50 many
countless thousands Of them were slain
as food.
The fortunate thing about the modern
robin is that one robin, in ones own
yard, is just as good as hundreds of
them down the Bay!
We saw that old FIRST robin" the
other afternoon.
He was not in our yard, but across
the street.
Even such glimpse was enough to
set the heart beating, for he is no. ordi-
nary bird, indeed, but q real harbinger
Of spring.
Even more than the bluebird. the robin
which is really thrush-speaks to us
OF blooming tulips and the like. He
calls to us that heaven on earth is here,
II we have enough gumption to know
1t. He calls us away from the political
mind, which is the ruination of all
things human, to the poetic, imaginative
mind that sees happiness and glory in
the human child of God, If we would
let it alone, instead of prodding 1t to
fight its brother body, its brother mind.
its brother soul. Is 1t q sad, cold world?
The robin knows better. He takes the
airWays as his own, and knows, with
the instructive goodness Of creation, that
there Is enough for all. When will man
learn as much ~ the birds already
know?
Evening star., 1950-03-13
Niagara Falls Power Pact

The signing of treaty between the United
States and Canada for vast increase in the
hydro-electric power output of the Niagara
River while providing adequate safeguards to
preserve the scenic beauty of the famous falls
appears to be an agreement from which both
countries will notably benefit. It supersedes
a number OF existing arrangements dating from
1909 which are generally regarded as inadequate
or outdated. They were piecemeal agreements
permitting certain limited volume of water
for specific power purposes. The new treaty
reverseS that concept of water allotment by
declaring that all Niagara River water is avail
able for power development after the scenic
upkeep of the falls is provided for The power
surplus Is to be divided equally between the
United States and Canada, and our gain from
this arrangement is estimated at an increase of
nearly 8,000,0000O0 kowatt hours over the
power now available to U.S.
These power accretions on both sides of the
border should 60 far towards satisfying pressing
hydro-electric needs of the neighboring highly
industrialized regions Of New York State and
Ontario Province. There should therefore, be
no real opposition to ratification either in the
United States Congress or the Canadian Parlia-
ment Although technically the treaty binds the
signatories for only fifty years the negotiators
expect that it will be permanent arrangement
putting water diversions from the Niagara
River on a lasting foundation. The scenic
beauty of the falls should be improved by
supplementary clauses binding the signatories
to undertake remedial works" in the form Of
submerged dams designed to enhance the gen.
eral effect
ALI In all, 1T looks like mutually construc-
tive deal between good neighbors.
Evening star., 1950-03-13
Parkway Prospects Improve

The favorable report by the House Public
Works Committee on the bill for completion of
the Baltimore-W Washington Parkway brings closer
to realization the long awaited and much needed
alternate route for U. S. l traffic. The steadily
rising death toll on the overloaded and outmoded
Baltimore pike should be enough to convince
Congress that the parkway should be finished
without further delay. The committee wisely
amended the bill to define more fully the Federal
Governments responsibilities in connection with
the Maryland -District-F Federal project
AS amended, the bill would require the Fed
eral Government to carry the divided highway
across the Anacostia River to the boundary of
Anacostia Park, where the District of Columbia
would take over. The legislation thus would
confirm oral agreements previously made be-
tween Federal park officials and the District gov
eminent. Under this arrangement the cost of
bridge across the Anacostia would be paid out
of Federal appropriations for the parkway as
whole District highway funds thus would be
used only for extension of New York avenue Tor
other streets, if different location should be
chosen to the bridge approaches.
Maryland's part of the parkway is nearing
completion. The Federal stretch will be from
near Fort Meade to the District. The Federal
Government already owns most of the right Of
way for this road and part of it has been graded.
If the money for completing the work is granted
promptly it should not take very many months
to grade the remainder of the parkway and
begin construction of the bridge. Meanwhile the
District could be proceeding to build another
bridge-or even tunnel, as Parks Superintend
ent Root suggests-across the Anacostia farther
south, specifically for the relief of existing
bridges across the stream These two new cross
tngs would 60 long way toward solving the
problem of getting from one side of the Anacostia
to the other during rush hours.
Evening star., 1950-03-13
They Deserve Statehood

That was sound and effective strategy which
administration forces used in guiding the
Alaska and Hawaii statehood bills successfully
through the House. BY inducing the House to
consider both bills as one package" partisan
poltics-old obstructionist of such legislation
was largely circumvented The one-package plan
should be used in the Senate, too, for the same
reason.
The idea behind the packaging arrange
ment is to balance Alaskas traditional Demo-
cratic tendencies against Hawaiis traditional
Republicanism. BY admitting both territories to
statehood simultaneously, there would be no
alteration in the present political lineup in the
Senate-provided, of course, that there were no
political overturn following the changeover. If
only one of the territories were admitted to
statehood, one party or the other would benefit
by two additional Senators, prospect which has
initiated against objective consideration of the
legislation in the past.
Other objections have been raised to ad-
mission of Alaska and Hawaii to full partnership
In the Union. Opponents of Alaskan statehood
have made much of the fact that the territory's
population Is only 100000, yet it would have two
Senators, just as States with millions of voters
have If this curious reasoning had been valid
In years past, half of our States would have had
to wait many years before being admitted to the
Union-and Nevada even now would be excluded
Hawaiis population being several times that of
Alaska, the population factor has not figured
prominently in the opposition to Hawaiian state
hood. 1t has been charged, however, that Hawaii
is rife with communism and that 1t is too far
removed from the mainland to justify inclusion
among the States But the probability is that
Hawaiian State, with votes in Congress-, would
be in stronger position to combat the Reds than
q disfranchised territory. And modern aviation
ties Hawaii closely to the States.
All in all, the advocates of statehood have
made out strong cases for their respective terri
tories. The Senate would do well to follow the
leadership of the House on this long standing
issue.
Evening star., 1950-03-13
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE

DJ xaEs 1IAo4AA1N
@. How many tons are there to the
foot in an acre of coal?-L. NICK.
A. The Bureau of Mines says that there
are 1,750 to 1000 tons of coal per acre
foot depending upon the type of coal and
the percentage Of ash. A good average
figure to use is 1850 tons per acre foot.
@. Are special breeds of bulls used in
bullfights?-J. w. E.
A. In Spain bulls Of special breed are
raised for fighting qualities. They must
weigh not less than 542 kilos G,l94
pounds, be from to years old, .be
free from physical defects and have
sharp horns.
@. In World War II how many Ameri-
can soldiers received the death penalty
for desertion in the face of the enemy?
j. G. G. 4
A. The Department of Defense says
that one soldier was executed for deser-
ton in the face of the enemy during
World War II. There was no instance
in the Navy.
@. When and where did the word
politics" originate?-B. T.
A. The word politics" originated in
England This form of spelling was used
by 1914. In 1929 the form "polytykes"
was employed. BY 1865 the letter s..'y"
had been changed to 81" and the spelling
had become ''politikes."
@. What directed Mrs. Margaret
Sanger's attention to birth control2
r. McM.
A. BY profession she was nurse, and
came to believe that the limitation Of
large families where adequate support
was lacking was q necessary step In
social progress.
Evening star., 1950-03-13

friendship, commerce and navigation with us,
together with convention on taxation The
objective is to stimulate trade with the United
States and encourage flow of American capital
for Australia's development
This Australian offer merits the most SYM
pathetic consideration in Washington and will
undoubtedly receive it. A close Australian -Ameri-
can relationship ties in with the larger problems
of the Pacific and Far East.
Evening star., 1950-03-13
Even Money Is Uneasy, These Days w.

$12 million outstanding in $4,000 and
$4,000 denominations is held in bank
vaults as a part of required cash on
hand. It's less bulky than the small bills.
The rest is in hundreds, five hundreds
Evening star., 1950-03-13
Questions and Answers

A reader can get the answer to any question
Of fact by writing The Evening Star Information
Bureau. 1900 / street NV. WASHINGTON 5.
D.. c. Please inclose three 80 cents for
return postage.
Evening star., 1950-09-25
Average Cost Of Educating
u. 5. Pupils Is S206 Each

1t cost an average of $206 to
send each pupil to public school
during 1949 as compared to $8S
in 1910, a survey by the United
States Chamber of Commerce
showed today.
The District was not included
in the study. But it showed that
Maryland spent an average of
1922 for each pupil to rank 21st
in the Nation and Virginia spent
$137 and stood seth among
States.
New York State spent the high
est amount per pupil, an average
of $312. The least spent was by
Mississippi which put out only
1878 per student.
The Chamber of Commerce re-
ported that while the increase in
the amount of money per child
was 134 per cent above that spent
in 1910, the percentage of the
peoples income devoted to edu-
cational expenditures went down
from 2.55 per cent to 2.27 per
cent in 1949.