davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

For many years there has been
agitation to change, through Con-
stitutional amendment, our method
Of electing Presidents, by abolish
ing the electoral college system as
it is now constituted and replacing
1T with system based on the popu-
lar vote. 1t now looks as if this pro-
posal has an excellent chance of
becoming law.
If it does, it will revolutionize
the established pattern of political
campaigning.
Under the existing system, the
candidate who gains majority in
a state gets the entire vote Of the
state in the electoral college. 1t
doesn't make any difference how
bare that majority may be. He
might carry state by but single
popular vote-yet he would get the
whole electoral vote, and that is
the vote that counts.
The constitutional amendment
which is now pending provides that
each candidates electoral vote shall
be proportionate to his popular
vote. In other words, if a man re-
ceived 81 per cent of a states
popular vote he would get that per-
centage of the states electoral
votes instead Of all of it. And if, on
the other hand, he got 49 per cent,
he would be given that part Of the
electoral vote instead of none.
The influence this would have on
campaign politics is obvious. For
instance, the Republicans never
spend much money or exert much
effort in the Solid South. They
know that their chance of gaining
majority in any of those states
is but one short step removed from
impossible. However, under the pro-
posed new system, it would behooveI
the COP to do its utmost in, say,
Tennessee no less than in Ohio.
Every Republican vote, even though
the total was still modest, would
help their candidate toward the
White House.
By the same token, Democrats
would no longer just go through
the motions of campaigning in
solidly Republican states such as
Vermont. They'd be out to get thei
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

largest proportion of the vote pos
.sible.
President Truman has said he
doubts if. the proposed change can
be effected in time to influence the
1862 campaign. But, as Jay Hay
den points out in one of his col
umns, "All constitutional amend
nents recently adopted have run
the gantlet Of state ratification in
less time than would be available
to complete enactment Of the pre-
sent proposal before 1882" The
amendment repeating prohibition
became law about ten months after
it was submitted TO the states. The
amendment abolishing the tame
duck" session Of Congress made
the grade in IL months. The
amendment 1egalizing woman's suf-
frage was approved in Ii months.
In any event, it promises to
cause important and far-reaching
changes in the partisan political
setup as it now exists.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

ness of his cartoons. The judges
decided he invariably fought for
the peoples causes and did so in
the manner, if not the medium, of
columnist Broun. Herblock won a
special Guild prize two years ago,
and a Pulitzer prize in 1912. He is
40, has been with the Post since
1915.
Poston, 43, has been with the NY
Post since 1889, worked for Owl
during the war. He asked for the
Florida assignment, and twice his
editors said no. He insisted, and his
editors gave in. Poston's stories
told what happens to a Negro in
the South if the whites decide he
is a rape suspect. Poston's reports
brought this obscure case to the
attention of the Justice Depart
ment, and the FBI entered the case.
The NAACP has filed an appeal,
and is ready to carry the fight to
the Supreme Court, since the
youths were convicted on the films
lest of evidence.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Lawyers Split
On Best Way
To Curb Unions

Washington (LPA) - A split
among anti-labor attorneys over
how best to curb the unions was
made public before a Senate judi
ciary subcommittee here Feb. 21.
Ludwig Teller, New York lawyer
and author, appeared to oppose the
Robertson "anti-labor monopoly"
bill.
Sen. Willis Robertson's bill Is
defective, Teller warned, because
"the antitrust laws should be re-
stricted to business restraints. Re-
ferring to the Robertson proposal,
he said "The extension Of anti
trust laws TO labor unions and their
activities cannot be the proper
basis of a sound labor policy. For
the problems in the two fields are
radically different"
Teller intimated that in the abb
sence of precedent-setting decisions
by the Supreme Court the courts
might disappoint the bills auth
ors.
However, the attorney has his
own formula for restricting unions.
He would add to the Taft Hartley
law series of provisions that
would:
/. Outlaw national bargaining,
including pattern bargaining on a
national scale. bargaining should
be limited to local labor market
areas. An exception may be made
for employers operating plants in
different areas" He even urged
further study" of how to prohibit
local union affiliates "from COM
municating with one another in
furtherance of outlawed national
bargaining"
2. Deprive the Natl Labor Re-
lations Board of the power to GER
tify as bargaining representative
an employers association bargain
ing in an area wider than that of
a local labor market.
3. Make unlawful "collusive bar
gaining"-where it's purpose "or
effect" is to fix or regulate prices,
to allocate market, to restrict
methods of production, to interfere
with chronological advance. To en-
force this, the Norris Guardia
anti-injunction law should be
changed to enable enjoining unions
from entering into collusive con-
tracts. Also, where the union nego-
tiates an industry-wide contract,
or even one involving more than
one employer, "a requirement
should be established that the
agreement be filed with the gov
ernment together with a statement
under oath setting forth all of the
practices followed under the col
lective bargaining relationship"
These oaths should be filed in a
branch within the Justice
Dept.
a. All of the actions made illegal
should be subject to criminal pen
alties and to civil damage suits by
the aggrieved persons.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

sions to occupy and control Man
churia. The method of aggression
was to plant Communist agents in
strategic government agencies and
gain control of the police. These
agents were supported by Com
munists-native and immigrant
to whom were given the arms sur
rendered by japanese armies"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

New York (LPA)-The Haywood
Broun Award for the first time
has been given to two men-Ted
Poston, NY Post reporter, and
Herbert Block (Herblock), Wash
ington Post cartoonist. Each gets
$500 and a citation from the Am
erican Newspaper Guild, for the
most outstanding journalistic ach-
ievement of 1949 "in the spirit of
Haywood Broun", founder and first
president of the ANG.
Poston was honored for his
courageous coverage of Florida
rape trial in which two Negro
youths were sentenced to death,
and a third to life term. Poston,
Negro, was forced to run for his
life with another reporter and two
Negro attorneys who defended the
accused youths, and escaped lyn-
ching party only after a breallneck
40-mile flight over backcountry
roads at night.
Herblock was honored for the
general excellence and effective
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Letter TO EDITOR

Dear Sir:
| just wonder who the press and
radio are trying to kid with their
propaganda about this country go
ing socialist.
Being a worker, | talk to work
ers everyday and only about one in
a hundred think anything about
socialism, and most of them be-
cause private enterprise and the
politicians are giving them the run
around.
They do want steady jobs with
pay enough for a decent living.
They do want decent homes to
live in.
They do want the best medical
care for themselves and family.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

ceive no one who is aware of the
passionate concern of the British
people with the momentous issues
under discussion.
Whatever the political outcome,
British labor will remain a potent
and enormously powerful factor in
the political, economic and social
life of the nation. The shape of
things to come, as sketched by the
Labor Government during the un-
believably difficult conditions of
the last years, will remain un-
altered, regardless of whether His
Majesty's Government bears the
conservative stamp or the union
label. 1t is all too often forgotten
how deeply the Conservative party
is pledged to the continuance of the
economic and social program of the
Atlee Government. To be sure, the
outlines may be altered but the
substance remains the same. That
continuity expresses the maturity
as well as the greatness of Eng
land, fighting avain for a place i'll
the sun.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

They do want the best education
for their children that is possible
to obtain.
When they get too old to work
or become disabled they think they
are entitled to a decent pension.
Can free enterprise give then
these things? Is it asking too much
of free enterprise? Can socialism
give them these things? Can they
have these things and not lose
their liberty? What do you think ?
Let's have your opinion.
Fraternally yours,
Frank Miller
Local Union No. 9
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

sues discussed at a recent confer
ence of personnel and labor rela-
tions experts in Chicago. 1t is a
problem which, as a speaker cut
tingly observed, cannot be solved
by the present corporate manage
ment practice of placing too much
emphasis on recreational activities
and politeness. Stress should be
laid instead on Improvement of
working conditions and the job it
self.
Every unionist, | am sure, agrees
with this viewpoint as well as with
the speakers assertion that most
socalled human relations fail be-
cause, first, management looks on
them as means of breaking
unions, and, second, too much eff
fort is expended organizing recrea-
tion programs and getting officials
to say Good morning to en-
ployes." 1t is a good thing indeed
that some management advisers,
theoretically at least, are willing to
concede that the present system
needs improvements. This is quite
different from the remarks of an
other speaker that industrial en-
ployes are getting more and more
out of their lives through whole
some and pleasant leisure-time
activities" If they do, it is not on
the leisure time provided by the
company.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
AFL IN MARYLAND TO
OPPOSE SENATOR TYDINGS

Hagerstown, Md. LPA) = The
Maryland-District Federation OF
Labor has organized the Maryland
chapter of Labor's League for Poll
teal Education, with Clem Krellel
as chairman and Robert C. Lester
as secretary. E. w. Butler, Teams
ters, a vice president of the feder-
alton, announced the AFL will work
for the defeat of Sen. Millard f.
Tydings, Democrat and Rep. j.
Glenn Beall, Republican, from
Western Maryland.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
CAR FINANCE GoUGE

Lansing, Mich. LPA) = Gov.
Williams will be asked to propose
Legislation at the March Is special
session to end car finance gouging,
estimated to cost Michigan resid-
ents S25, 100000 a year.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
UAW-FORD CONTRACT
GETS NEW Umpire

New York (LPA)-The JAWS
contract with the Ford Motor Co.
will be umpired by Frederick H.
Bullen, Executive secretary of the
New York State Mediation Board
and former senior mediation Off
Ger with the War Labor Board.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
WOMEN IN
INDUSTRY

While the years cash income
was below $4,000 in nearly a four
th-4almost 10 milIion-of all fam
lilies in the United States in 1913,
it was at that level in about half
of the families that were headed
by women, the u. S. Women's Bur-
eau said. Such families, it was ad-
ded, numbered about 3M million,
as against 35 million families head
ed by the husband, father or other
male member of the family.
The great majority of women
family "heads," the bureau noted,
are women who are widowed, di-
vorced, or separated from the hus-
band for some other reason.
A feminine invasion of executive
positions in department and spec
ialty stores has taken place during
the past decade so that women oc-
cupy positions on every level of
the executive scale. This was re-
vealed by a survey of women ex-
ecutives in retailing published re-
Gently in the Journal of Retailing,
official publication of the New
York University School Of Retail
ing.
Published under the title "Who
Wears the Pants in Department
and Speciality Stores" the survey
covered 119 leading department
and speciality stores, employing
6910 executives.
Today, the survey disclosed,
women have almost equal chances
with their male competitors to win
coveted promotions to a proportion
ately large number of executive
positions in the retailing field. The
stores cooperating in the survey
indicated that, relatively, they have
added over twice as many women
as men to their executive staffs
during the last 10 years. Women
are currently represented as buy
ers, fashion co-ordinators, audit
ing department managers, training
directors, personnel directors, ad-
vertising managers, merchandise
managers, and right on up to the
top management level.
On the other hand, the survey
found, women hold no position in
the executive classifications of
general manager, and general mer-
chandise manager. In addition, they
hold less than 5 percent of the posi-
tions as store manager, controller,
president, treasurer, and display
manager.
1t is the accepted philosophy of
the United States that women's
conditions of employment should
be kept within the bounds of sue
cessful and healthful performance
of the duties assigned to them, be-
cause of their physical structure
and maternal functions. Labor leg
islation has been an essential
method of achieving this goal, al
though trade union activity and
employers voluntary efforts have
made essential contributions to
progress. The laws protecting
women workers have indirectly
working standards for
men also
We can be grateful for American
principles which permit full parti-
cipation of women in the trade
union movement to protect their
rights and advance their economic
welfare. Berniece B. Heffner, |
secretary treasurer, American Fed
GRAFTON of Government Employees.
A YxtA
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Comment On
World Events

Discussing aggression, New
Style," An American Federationist
editorial by AFL President Will
lam Green declares that "interna-
tional law must provide safeguards
against conspiratorial aggression
as it has against military aggres-
sion."
Russia, the editorial points out,
"has developed techniques to give
aggression the forms and outward
semblance of revolution. She sends
in Communists to live in a country
as Immigrants; she takes pro-
missing leaders to Moscow for
training in the details of revolu-
ton; she controls policies and is
sues Instructions through her sec
ret police, who operate through
embassies and supervise the ex-
ecution of plans.
"Soviet foreign policy follows
one form-a conspiracy to develop
aggression against free Institutions
Of the West and seize control of
other countries in order to increase
the number Of Soviet satellites. The
USSR has expanded both in Europe
and Asia"
\ < !:
President Green outlines Russia's
actions and policies in China as an
example of the new style aggres-
sion. "The USSR," he writes,
"again finds the democratic pro-
cess unsuited to its purpose. Since.
its conquest of China, the USSR
has been trying to exclude the rep
resentatives of the legitimate gov
ernment of China from the United
Nations.
"China was one Of our fighting
allies in the Second World War
She was fighting japanese aggres-
sion years before that war began
and also while Stain and Hitler
were united in their infamous pact
to divide Europe between them.
The Yalta conference gave Stain
secret concessions in Manchuria to
induce him to Join in the war
against Japan.
Moscow has used these conces-
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Predicts Defeat OF Sen. Wiley

Eau Claire, Wis. (LPA)-George
Haberman, president of the Wis.
consin Federation of Labor, pre-.
dicted the defeat of Sen. Wiley Or
Wis., next fall, in a speech at the
Wisconsin Farmers Union conven-
tion. Kenneth Homes, union pres
ident, told the members to "play
politics up to their ears" so as to
elect man "who will truly repre-
sent the interests of the family
type farmer and his cooperatives. y
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
UniOniSt's Wife
tells Off 'ChOlly'
BY ARNOLD BEICHMAN

New YorkChoy Knckerboker" the adename for the
coumnit of William Randolph Hearss New York Journal
other Choy the delight the mutation mink
andabes little told his
that bunch had purchased famous Long Island
to a recreation
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

When these lines appear in print
Britain's electoral battle will be
over. The voter, will have made his
decision in accordance with his con-
victions and interests, and with re-
suits that are likely to be felt all
over the world. Newspaper COM
ment OH the alleged quiet and
apathy of the campaign should de-
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Economic Highlights

ECONOMIC HIGHLIGHTS
Happenings That Affect the Future
of Every Individual
National and International Prob
lens Inseparable from Local
Welfare
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

WINS NEWS UNION AWARDFor his Of
which his life NY
Reporter Ted Poon has been named of the of the
outstanding achieve
Sin the spirit of Haywood Brou founder and first
ldent American Newspaper Poson
Editor Graham phone) At Robert Williams
of the award Washington
Block (Herblock).
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02
Choly Knickerbocker !
49,. l4~nko|
}VJIISf.TvtsNs aesnaed o. O.

THIS SOME SWITCH: the AFL is invading Southap-
ton, I, socetys avorite Summer Fairgrounds The
Board Of the Electrical Industry just purchased
Charles Sabin estate which borders the National
Golf Club Southampton.
The Sabn estate formerly Of the showpaces In that
the labor from Charles
Sabins widow Mrs Dwight Davis The electrical union paid
about 15000 for the property which VIII be converted into
recreaonal playground Its members.
That next Summer will have aborers rubbing
elbows with Dukes Bddles other social grandes
And will undoubtedly outnubr the Social
Regseites only thing left to do is for them to
organize society union and buy playground their
Very will be that don't organize you won't
be able to play. e1I.s.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

Whether the tax can be reduc-
ed to the extent demanded by the
union remains to be seen. Hand in
hand with elimination or reduction
of wartime excise taxation should
go new and comprehensive fed
eral tax program, long demanded
by organized labor and aiming pri-
marily at cutting the much too
high tax levies of low and medium
wage-earners. The brewery work
ers and other unions are to be COM
mended for the energy with which
they press for repeal Of taxes
which constitute a serious obstacle
to economic expansion and social
progress.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

Is management losing the Amer
lean workers 81, was one of the is
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1950-03-02

One of the most disquieting and
least publicized phenomena behind
the battle for repeal of wartime
excise taxes is the extent to which
the latter are cutting into the live
lihood of labor. The issue was
sharply raised before the House
Ways and Means Committee.
Arguing for a cutback of $685.
100000 year in taxes on liquor,
beer and wine, the union emphasiz-
ed the threat of this burden to the
stable employment of the industry's
100000 workers; beverage taxes
alone have cost the American peo-
pie $27 billion in the last 16 years.
They also encourage illicit opera
tions at the cost of both govern
ment and the public, the union
stated, adding that the federal
excise tax on this industry has in
creased since repeal from $1.10 to
SO per proof gallon on distilled
spirits and from $5 to So per barrel
of 81 gallons on beer"
Evening star., 1950-12-24

Robert Merrill and Fran Warren
are Tallulah Bankhead's guests.
500, WTOP p Bergen Mccarthy
Show: Child Stars Bobby Driscoll
and Kathryn Beaumont visit Edgar
and Charlie.
$3.50, WRC-Theater Guild on the
Air: Boris Karloff, Cyril Ritchard,
Flora Robson, Hugh Williams, Rich
ard Burton and David Cole star in
Dickens David Copperfeld.
1000, WEAM, WASH FM-The
Joyful Hour: Jeanne Grain, Ann
Blythe, Rita johnson, Ruth Hussey
Pat O'Brien and Margaret O'Brien
participate in a special Christmas
broadcast.
1890, WRC-American Forum OF
the Air: brotherhood for Peace
is discussed by Assistant Secretary
of State Edward w. Barrett ano
three officers of the National Con-
ference of Christians and Jews.
1880, WWDC - Christmas Eve
Mass: Midnight mass is broadcast
from the Church of the Immacu.
late Conception.
1880, WTOP-Boston Society Of
Ancient Instruments: Organist E
Power Biggs and the Society of An.
cient instruments present a con.
cert of early music.
1880, WRC-Birthday of Bethle.
hem: A special musical narrative
Lauritz Melchior sings "Silent
Night" The chimes of the River
side Church in New York are heard
at midnight.
1880, WEAM, WASH-FM-Thou
Bethlehem: Vincent Price and Lynn
Allen star in a dramatization OF
the Nativity.
1900, WTOP - Carol Service:
Soprano Dorothy Maynor is soloist
with the Collegiate Chorale and the
Columbia Concert Orchestra, con-
Quoted by Alfredo Antonini, in a
program of carols. Among the songs
presented are Three Holy Kings"
by Strauss, "The Virgins Slumber
Evening star., 1950-12-24
Music Scholarship
Contest in March

The Arlington Civic Symphony
Association will hold music
scholarship contest for boys and
girls residing in Arlington, aged
13 through 10. On March Is dt
AIS pm. in the Thomas Jeffer-
son Junior High School, Arling-
ton, Va. Those who play any
instrument of the symphony or
concert band, the piano or organ
are eligible. as are serious voice
students.
The awards will consist of one
advanced scholarship of $3.50 and
two junior scholarships of $125
each. Winners are permitted to
choose their instructors subject to
approval of the Scholarship Com
mittee. Contestants will be judged
by five judges of recognized
musical standing in Arlington and
vicinity. They must demonstrate
musicianship. ability and an in
tention to engage in the serious
study of music. All performances,
limited to eight minutes, must be
from memory, and contestants
must supply their own accom-
panists.
Applications must be made on
the official form obtainable from
Arlington public, parochial or pri-
vate school teachers and from
officers of the Arlington Civic
Symphony Association. They must
be postmarked not later than mid
night, February %. and addressed
to G. Henry Richert, 210 North
Oakland street. Arlington. Va.
Evening star., 1950-12-24
Music Teachers to Meet Here

Voice of America" will be dis
cussed by Ralph L. F. McCombs
chief of the Music Unit Radio
Programs Branch of the State
Department, at the general ses-
sion on Friday at 1::30. A program
by the Madrigal Group of the
Peabody Conservatory, Ifor Jones
conductor, will follow and the day
will finish with a banquet al
7 pm. in the Shoreham. Donald
M. Swarthout of the University ot
Kansas will be the toastmastel
and Edward Johnson, former gen.
eral manager of the Metropolitan
Opera, is the banquet speaker
The Howard University Choir
Warner Lawson, director. will
sing.
At the general session on Satur-
day at II am, a Program of goth
Century Piano Music" will be
given by Johana Harris of the
Peabody College, Nashville, Tenn
Daily forums will be had on the
piano, school music. theory. COM
munity music and other pertinent
subjects.