davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-02-04
Fair Trade Code Plan
Is Outlined by FTC
To Grocery Industry
BY the Associofed Press

The Federal Trade Commission
yesterday proposed a voluntary
code of fair trade practices for
the grocery industry.
The agreement would pledge
100000 retail food stores, 5000
wholesalers and $4,000 manufac-
turers to abstain from long list
Of unfair methods Of competition
and other unlawful trade practices
and abuses"
The plan was presented to an
FTC-sponsored conference of
more than 100 representatives of
the industry. Almost all the ma
tional associations in each branch
and most of the State retailers
organizations were represented.
FTC Commissioner James NJ.
Mead. former Senator from New
York, asked the industry to study
and suggest improvements in the
tentative code.
The suggested code would pro-
hibit price determinations granted
by manufacturers or wholesalers,
through discounts, rebates, re-
funds or other special favors. It
would bar unfair brokerage ar
rangements, special services or adj
vertising to help favored CUSTOM
ers.
Other rules would forbid such
things as the use of loss leaders"
to mislead buyers. selling below
cost to hurt competitors. Offering
reductions from fictitious prices.
offering inadequate supplies at
bargain prices as a lure to Gus
toners and using false or decep-
tive" selling methods.
Evening star., 1950-02-04
B. T. Grant, 50, Dies;
'Co|Ieqe Ex-Instructor

Benjamin Ernest Grant. So
year-old former college instruc-
tor, died yesterday at the Navy
Medical Center in Bethesda after
a long illness.
Born in Abingdon. Va, Mr..
Grant was a graduate of the Uni
versity of Virginia and taught in
Peking, China, and at Duquesne
University in Pittsburgh before
coming to Washington in 1914.
where he lived at 1904 North Pitt
street. Alexandria, Va.
From 1922 to 1926, he was prin-
cipal of a Princeton University
School of Commerce and Finance
at Peking, and for Is years AFTER
wards taught in Duquesne's 8
School of Business Administra-
ton. Here, he worked in the
State Departments cultural rela-
tions division for two years and
later was Washington representa-
tive for the Commercial Trade
AnSCltute OF Cnlcago.
Mr.. Grant was a veteran Of
both world wars. During the last
war he served as an Air Force
captain.
Surviving are his widow, Mrs.
Halle M. Grant, and two daugh-
ters, Chairman E. and Nancy Lee
Grant. all of the Pitt street ad-
dress. Other survivors are his
mother, Mrs. Blanche Grant Duff,
a brother, Robert M. Grant, and
a sister, Miss Hazel Grant, all of
Abingdon, and another sister,
Mrs. S. r. Howell, 40O9 North
Twenty-f1rst street, Arlington.
Funeral services will be held at
l pm. Tuesday in the Fort Myer
(Va.) chapel. Burial will be in
Arlington Cemetery.
Evening star., 1950-02-04
DR.. Claude Munger. 81,
Hospital Official, Dies
By the Asseeioted Press

BOSTON,, Feb. 4.-Dr. Claude
w. Munger. 81, former president
and trustee of the American Hos
pital Association and winner Of
its 1949 award of merit, died yes
terday.
He was formerly president Of
the American College of Hospital
Administrators. A native of Or
leans, Ind, and a graduate of the
University of Chicago, he was a
former director of st. Luke's Hos
pital. New York; Columbia Hos
pital. Milwaukee; Blodgett Me-
mortal Hospital. Grand Rapids,
Mich, and Grasslands Hospital.
Westchester County, N. Y.
Evening star., 1950-02-04
axes
Continued From First Page,

deeper excise cuts than the Treas
ury recommended, and whenever
three or more Democrats go along
with them. the additional cuts
can be made. ...
Delay in Offsetting Revenue.
President Truman was emphatic
in telling Congress the revenue
lost by excise cuts would have to
be made up by closing loopholes in
special provisions affecting cor
poration taxes.
Representative Mills, Democrat,
Of Arkansas, drew an admission
from Secretary Snyder yesterday
afternoon. however, that If Con-
gress adopted the Treasury pro-
gram IN its entirety, only a small
part of the off-setting revenue
would go into the Treasury dur
ing the first year. starting July l..
This is because the excise cuts
would be felt Immediately, as
consumers make daily purchases,
whereas the increase corporation
taxes would not show up in the
Treasury until the following year.
Mr.. Mills has on his desk plan
that would increase the Gov
ernment's income next year, even
at present corporation tax rates,
by requiring business firms to
pay their income tax within six
instead of twelve months after
the taxable year.
Unchanged Below $4,000.
The Treasury's new rate sched-
ule on corporation income tax
would, leave unchanged the tax
levy on businesses with net in
come of $4,000 or less a year.
Between $25, 900 and $4,000 there
would be substantial reductions,
and smaller cuts would apply up
to 100000 of net income. The
increases would be concentrated
on corporations with net income
of $4,000 or more, and would
range from 5.53 per cent, up
to 1851 per cent.
Under existing law corporations
earning less than $4,000 a year
pay taxes ranging from 81 to Is
per cent. Between $25, 900 and
$50, 900 there is a high notch"
rate, which has the effect of max
ing the tax average out to 38
per cent on $4,000. AS the law
now stands corporations earning
more than $4,000 pay the fiat 3s
per cent on the entire income.
The new Treasury plan raises
the fiat rate to AZ per cent and
starts it at $4,000. but al cor
porations would be given the
benefit of the present 81 to rs
per cent rates on that part of
their income below $4,000.
Evening star., 1950-02-04

OASAAs bAAS 1SoG AS
of Women Voters and the Wom-
ems International League fol-
Peace and Freedom.
On her 88th birthday. July 10
1916, Mr.. Baruch sent her a mes
sage expressing his "affectionate
good wishes
"She was my first teacher when
I came to New York over IS years
ago." the former presidential ad-
wiser and New York financier said
u feel deeply grateful to her
for the encouragement and in
spiration she gave me as a small
boy. and indeed through all the
succeeding years"
Miss Blake was the first woman
treasurer of the NEA. AS an edu-
Gator. she campaigned successfully
for better school lighting, elimina-
tion of glazed paper from text
books and the equal pay law for
women teachers.
In 1929 she was one of 18 edu-
Gators selected to accompany DR..
John Dewey on his visit to Rus
sia to meet educational authori-
ties there. She often attended
League of Nations sessions in
Geneva as a newspaper CORE
spondent.
In the field of women's suffrage,
Miss Blake was carrying on the
work of her mother, the late Mrs.
Lille Devereux Blake, for many
years president of the National
American Woman Suffrage Asso-
citation. In 1943 she wrote a biog-
raphy of her mother, Champion
of Women"
Born in New York, Miss Blake
was graduated from what is now
Hunter College in 1876. She
Evening star., 1950-02-04
Mormon
Continued From First Page. }

'SoiioAluCo TiOiu TISI TdSt.1
Brown. Shipley & Co., British.
American bankers.
Lord Norman was an outstand-
ing figure Of international finance
between the two World Wars. One
of his major achievements, al.
though many financial experts
thought it might have caused
Britain's economic crisis in 1881
was getting his country back or
the gold standard.
He also was largely responsible
for organizing the World Bank oi
International Settlements in 1929
Lord Norman was known a.
"the man who thought in million.
and spoke in monosyllables." HI
rarely talked. He refused inter.
views. scrupulously avoided pub.
licity. He lived a retiring life
most of his days a bachelor.
But he hobnobbed with man,
of the key figures of internationa
finance.
Hjalmar Schacht. Adolf Hitler.
expert in international trade
stayed with him when he visited
England.
Successive British Chancellors
of the Exchequer listened closely
to his every word on finance be.
cause OF his vast knowledge ano
oft-proved ability to safeguard
British interests.
He kept his name off passenger
lists when he went abroad. In
the summer of 1882 he travelled to
New York on the liner Brittanic
as "Mr. E. H. D. Skinner"-the
name Of his private secretary.
The world knew him as bach
elor until he was 81. Then he
married Mrs. Priscilla Cecilia
Maria Worthstone. granddaughter
of the seventh Earl of Abingdon
and at the time a member of the
London County Council.
The vastly powerful organiza-
tion he had headed for so long
went into state ownership after
the Labor government of Prime
Minister Clement Attlee came tt
power in 1945. Baron Cato hac
succeeded him as governor of the
Bank Of England in 1914.
Lord Norman was educated a
Eton and Cambridge and original.
ly wanted to be a soldier.
In 1900 he went off to the Boel
War in South Africa. When h,
got home. a reception committe,
pushed his carriage from the rail
road station to the house. Wher
the party arrived at the Norman
home, the carriage was empty
Lord Norman was helping tn,
party push.
He was born at Much Hadham
Hertfordshire, of a widely known
financial family. His grandfather
had been director of the Bank
of England for SO years. His
mother was a daughter of Sir
Mark Collet. a former governor
OF the Bank of England.
Evening star., 1950-02-04
Diol Phones Go in Use
In Mortinsburq Today
BY TIE Asseciofed Press

MARTINSBURG. w. Va, Feb.
4.-With all equipment and con-
nections ready, telephones here
were to be switched to dial serv-
ice today, The change originally
was set for next Saturday.
Manager Charles E. Greene Of
the Chesapeake & Potomac Tele-
phone Co. said institution of the
dial system climaxes about two
years of work on the plant and
equipment. 1t included construc-
ton Of a new business and ex-
change quarters and cost about
81 ,250, 900.
Evening star., 1950-02-04
Dratha

STUART, JOSEPH A. On Friday, Feb
ruary 3, 1856, at the National Lutheran
Home. 18th and Douglas SITS ne, JOSEPH
A. STUART, formerly of Baltimore, Md.
Baltimore, Nd. and Mrs. James Parker
of College Park, Md. Funeral services viii
be held at the above home on Monday
February 8. at 10 am. Interment
Loudoun Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Md.
TURNER, AZALIA r. On Saturday
February 4, 1856, at her residence, 37(
H st. s.w., AZALIA F.. TURNER. beloved
mother of Julia, Azalia. Doris, Yvonne
Jean and Joan Turnt-. She also Is sur.
vived by devoted friend, william Braw.
ner; eight sisters, two brothers, one aunt
one uncle and a host Of other relative.
and friends. Mrs. Turner is resting al
the Morris A. Carter g. Co. Funeral Home
End and r sts. s.w. Notice of service:
Evening star., 1950-02-04

attack early to-
day at his home,
1912 Decatur
street NV. He
had been under
a physicians
care for a heart
a i I'm e e t.. He
was II.
Mr.. Howard
was appointed
to Federal Serv-
ice in July, 1901,
as a microscop-
ist with the
old Bureau of
Chemistry m
Evening star., 1950-02-04

st. Louis. it has
b e en- learned
here.
Miss B | a k e
was associated
with the New
York City pub
lie school sys-
tenn for 81 years,
"a as a princi-
pal. She was
well known here
for her work
with the Ma
tional Educa-
tion Associa-
ti0n fhe Tao0,yc
Evening star., 1950-02-04

after a long ILL
ness.
Mr.. Shipley's
death came two
years to the day
after the death
of his father
w I'LL a m H
Shipley, an at
torney here for
many ye a r S
His son lived at
6207 Twentieth
avenue, Green
Meadows, Md.
MIR. Shipley
O r,apohar of an
Evening star., 1950-02-04
Miss Katherine Blake,
Educator, Suffragist,
Dies in ST. Louis al 81

Miss Katherine Devereux Blake,
81, noted suffragist leader and ed
ucator who was Bernard Baruch's
first teacher, died Thursday in
Evening star., 1950-02-04
Irish Build Hose Industry

In an attempt to produce the
5000. 900 pairs OF nylon stockings
needed yearly by women in Ire-
land. Irish hosiery makers have
ordered $l,000,00 worth of ma
chinery in the United States and
Britain.
Evening star., 1950-02-04
Burton Howard Dies;
Microscopes Headed
Food and Drug Unit

Burton j. Howard, retired chief
of the micro-analytical division of
the Food and Drug Administra-
ton, died unexpectedly OF a heart
Evening star., 1950-02-04
William ShipIey, 81,
Former Government
Attorney Here, Dies

William Craig Shipley, 81. for
mer Government attorney, died
Thursday at Garfield Hospital
Evening star., 1950-02-04

Denmark expects to show ST.
400, 900 earned in 1949 from dol
lar-area tourists.
Evening star., 1950-02-04

Wyoming has about 10000
square miles of coal deposits.
Evening star., 1950-02-04

our late comrade, WILLIAM CRAIG SHIP
LEY. Attention Of the v. r. w. Honor
Guard. LEO DOVE, Commander 5
SIMON, SAMUEL II. On Friday. Feb
ruary 3, 1850: at his residence. 1903
Norwood dr., Chevy Chase. Md, SAMUEL
H. SIMON, beloved husband of Fannie
Simon and devoted father of Mrs. Re-
necca Simon Wolfsohn, Fred l., Louis J.
and Sol Simon. Funeral services at the
Bernard Danzansky T. Son Funeral Home,
1901 l4th st. NV, on Monday, February
8, at pm. Interment Bnai Israel
Cemetery, Oxon Hill. Md. 5
SMITH. ANDREW. On Thursday, Feb
ANDREW SMITH Of 604 You st. NV. be-
loved husband of Narcissa Smith. Also
Surviving are one brother, Arthur Smith;
one aunt one nephew and host of other
relatives and friends. Funeral services
Saturday. February 4. at pm. at john
son & jenkins Funeral Home 2053 Geor-
eia ave. NV. Interment Rocky Mount N,
c., Monday. February 8.
SMITH, WAYNE. On Friday, February
SMITH, beloved son Of the late ". T;
Smith and Mrs. Lucretia Smith, brother OF
Mrs. Louella Brooks, Mrs. Lucretia Mar
shall, Mrs. Inez Reed Of Newport News,
Va, and Wallace Smith. He also is sur
yived By many other relatives and friends.
Remains resting at Barnes & Matthews.
Funeral Home, 614 4th ct. s.w. Notice OF
funeral later.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
On the Record
Leader Who Loses His Self Control
Loses Control of the Nation

one who, recognizing that we are
all Democrats and all Republicans,
would be an American President,
untainted by past errors and able
to supply to this country unity,
pride. and freedom of action.
Reliable Poll Impossible.
Between conventions and cleo
tons I travelled widely in many
parts of America, talking with
hundreds of people. The failure
Of the polls did not surprise me.
Under the circumstances a re-
liable poll was impossible. The
people had to choose between two
machine politicians neither of
whom they wanted. Because the
desire for change was genuine.
all earlier polls registered against
Mr.. Truman. But because Mr..
Dewey did not represent the
change sought, people eventually
resigned themselves to things as
they were. Hundreds of thousands
must have changed their minds
several times. Many, no doubt,
finally made them up in the cleo
ton booths. The people wanted
a big mana man as big as
America. They had the choice
between two very small men.
This is not without influence
on history. Despite the tendency
to explain history as the develop
ment Of anonymous forces, the
hero always plays a role. Modern
Russian history is not the result
of MARKHAM dialectics but has been
determined by a few formidably
intelligent and goal-consciouS
men, exploiting every opportunity
at hand. The world hates and
fears them, but no one in his
senses despises them.
We, however. have a leadership
which has signally failed to take
the measure of our enemies. Stain
has been "Uncle Joe," mot bad
fellow" He is not our uncle and
he is a very bad fellow indeed,
the worse because equipped 0ike
Satan) with energy, brains and
CUTS.
Nothing is more ominous than
the growing contempt in which
this enemy holds America. Five
years ago, the Soviet press was
presenting America as a powerful
menace. Today it pokes fun at
us, and presents our leaders not
as ominous but as ludicrous.
Must this go on for another two
years? And after that?
released by The Bell Syndicate. Inc.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

Mrs. Marshall says she will be
very happy to have me do that
job because she thinks it is suited
to me and I feel exactly the same
way"
when you sent me to China
had misgivings," Gen. Marshall
told Mr.. Truman. when you
made me Secretary of State,
had misgivings, too, and perhaps
time showed that some of those
misgivings were justified. But
feel that I can really do this one
and I will not worry about it al
ALL"
Confidence Echoed.
The Truman Marshall conf
dence is widely echoed on Capito.
Hill where Republican leaders are
predicting ready confirmation ano
Democrats insist they will hardly
have a break in their ranks. II
is a remarkable tribute to Gen
Marshall and reflects extreme
credit on the genius who thought
up what from every angle looks
like ten strike.
Because the President considers
Gen. Marshall the greatest living
American, it.had been assumed he
did. Friends of Mr.. johnson state
that he had the idea on his own
which he incorporated in his letter
Of resignation.
ut Is my recommendation thai
you name as my successor
man Of such stature that the
very act of naming him Secretary
Of Defense will promote national
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
Mrs. Marshall Happy
Gen. Marshall Consulted With Wife
Before Accepting Defense Post Offer

and international unity -. General
George Marshall is such a man
and I recommend his name to
your thoughtful attention" Mr..
johnson wrote in the missive he
handed to Mr.. Truman.
The retiring Defense chief
shaped in his mind his letter of
resignation at o'clock in the
morning Tuesday as he was walk
ing back from the Chevy Chase
Club in the suburbs of Washing
ton. Mr.. Johnson has the habit
of thinking out his problems dur
ing the course of long walks.
Procession of Callers.
Attorney General McGrath led
procession of callers to the
Pentagon Office of the retiring
Defense Secretary Wednesday.
The Attorney General was Chair
man of the Democratic National
Committee in 1913 when Mr.. john
son accepted the hard task of
raising funds for what looked
like losing campaign by Mr..
Truman. The Defense post was
his political reward. The John
son camp is also taking comfort
in a flood of messages expressing
confidence in him.
The exuberant Democrats who
have taken a new lease on life
since the Maine and New Hamp-
shire election returns, the final
vote on the McCarran anti-sub-
versive bill and the Marshall ap-
pointment, even thought up a
successor to the General in the
$22. 500-a-year job as Chairman
Of the American Red Cross.
Senator Robert S. Kerr of Okla
homa suggested to his colleagues
that it was an ideal spot for
Senator Frank Graham, the
North Carolina Liberal defeated
in the primary, who is loved even
by those who. like Kerr, think
him much too far left politically.
Majority Leader Lucas and Sena-
tor Anderson of New Mexico joined
him in proposing it to the Presi-
dent who said it merited con-
sideration. ~
The President added that he
had in mind already both Senator
Graham and Senator Quincy,
South Dakota Republican and a
stanch supporter of defense legis-
lation, who also went down in q
primary this year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
THE EVENING STAR, Washington d c. Ala


one word. The word is fear. Yes,
fear.
We are afraid of that formid-
able member of every French res
taurant staff, the wine steward.
There is no getting around him.
He is always there.
I don't know where wine stew
ards come from, or what their
backgrounds are, but they are as
coldly superior in dealing with
wine-ignorant customers as a field
marshal ia dealing with a Pfc
They hand you the wine card
as If they were handing you a
summons, and glare down at you,
pencil poised.
They never ask If you are go
ing to have wine, but ask what
wines you want. Their tone of
voice makes it quite clear that
never in their lives have they
run into a poltroon who had
failed to order wine.
Branded as Sucker.
The minute the wine steward
fastens his baleful glare on me
forget all I ever read or heard
about wines. I get so nervous
that for the life of me I can't
recall whether it's red with chick
en- croquettes or white with hash
or rose with pork and beans, or
what.
So, afraid not to order, and
at the same time afraid to order
lest I call for a wine so out of
place that the steward will burst
out laughing, I do the worst thing
l could possibly do.
I look humbly up and tell the
steward that I am going to leave
it up to him to choose the wine
for me. This automatically brands
me as a sucker and I get the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14

OQL WAL w II SN "AS'
Communist China? Have we the
resources to carry such a war to
successful issue? Would we have
if the cold war in Europe should
burst into flame, forcing us to
meet unpredictable demands on
our military and economic re-
sources?
These questions are raised anew
by one days proceedings this week
in the Security Council of the
United Nations.
Russian Purpose Obvious.
Red China has charged Ameri-
can planes with violation of Man
churian territory across the Ko-
rean border. The United States
has proposed that the charges be
investigated by a commission
from Sweden and India and has
said if the charges are proved the
United States will pay damages
Which seems fair enough. Russia
however, proposed that a repre-
sentative Of Red China be in
vited to appear before the Council
to present that country's case. The
Russian purpose was obvious. A
spokesman for Red China would
reinforce Russian propaganda in
the forum of the United Nations
On the other hand, refusal to
issue the invitation would serve
Russian propaganda throughout
Asia. The United States, appar-
emily considering the latter the
lesser of the evils, set itself
against the invitation and the
matter came to a vote.
The United States was sup
ported by the Cuban delegate and
the representative of the Chang
government. Three votes in all
Russia was supported by Britain
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1950-09-14
This Changing World
Dangerous Precedent Seen in Revision
Of Security Act to Give Marshall Post

after he finished his job in World
War II. It was his sense of duty
to his commander in chief which
prompted him to accept the thank
less task of special ambassador to
China. The same sense of duty
induced him to become Secretary
of State for short time.
When Gen. Marshall left the
State Department he had every
reason to. expect that he could
spend the rest of his days quietly
and away from new and heavy re-
sponsibilities. Again it was Presi-
dent Humans pressing request
which persuaded him to abandon
his rest and accept the burden
some job as Secretary of Defense.
Gen. Marshall did not seek his
new job, any more than he sought
the position as special ambassador
to China or as Secretary of State.
But while all this is true. amend
ment of the National Security
Act, to permit members of the
armed forces to head the Defense
Department, is fraught with dan
ger, unless Congress changes the
law everytime a new secretary is
appointed.
Urges" In Time of Stress.
Insofar as is known there are
no generals or admirals in the
United States who have tenden-
cies toward political dictatorship.
But such urges" appear generally
in times of great national stress,
when things are going very badly
for the country.
History in other parts of the
world shows that some dictators
have been the beSt-intentioned and
most patriotic of men. They sin
cerely believed they were acting
unseltishly and for the good of
their country. While a civilian
would have difficulty lining up the
armed forces behind him. the
spirit of discipline in all branches
of the military service would COM
pei them-in the hypothetical
event of a coup d'etat-to follow
one of their own commanders.
1t was this very remote pos
sibility which decided our law
makers to put into the law the
very definite and formal prohibit
ton that no military man could
head the armed services unless he
had been separated from the SER
vice for 10 years.
Tt will thus be necessary for
Congress to revise radically the
National Security Act of 1947 to
enable President Truman to ap-
point Gen. Marshall as Defense
Secretary. This may establish al
dangerous precedent.