davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1950-02-16

Colorful Texas Ranger Joe Bridge Qeft) of Falfurrias, and
Ranger Tuly seay Second from right of Carrie Springs visit
Continental Oil Company test-run headquarters at Laredo, Tex
as, to learn from Wade Johnson Second nd from romn LETT, and Frank
clans explain to the Rangers that six cars of the company are
being driven 800 miles per day at speeds averaging go miles per
hour over a period of 70 days. to test the Misrepresentation quail
tiles of a new super motor oil developed by the company. At
the end of the test run, which puts more than $4,000 miles
on each car-equal to five years mileage for the average family
car-the motors were torn down and checked for wear, which
proved to y be less than one one-thousandth of an inch on cyl
inderS and crankshaftS. AS the Rangers learned at the con-
cluSion of the test, wear had been so negligible that factory
machining marks were still visible on piston rings.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1950-02-16
PRODUCTION NEEDED

Montana's natural gas produc-
ton in 1949 amounted to 35,-
SIG, 772,0 900 cubic feet, compared
with $685. 89, 900 in 1913, &C
cording to the state railroad
public service commission. The
Cut Bank field was the top
producer last year with 15,777,-
$4,000 cubic feet.
Customers in barber SHOPS
were once provided with must
cal entertainment.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1950-02-16
visit the college campus.
LUIL RESIGNS

DR.. L. j. Lull has resigned as
epidemiologist for the state
board of health to accept a Job
with the federal Indian service
at Phoenix, Ariz.
Lull, who has been with the
Montana board several years,
directed the divisions of local
health services, cancer and
communicable disease.
CARD OF THANKS
My appreciation to the Club
cafe for the kindness they have
shown me while being sick. Sam
and his wife have been as a
father and mother to me and
I know God will bless them for
it.
George Smith,
LaWrenceburg, Ind.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1950-02-16
-WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
British Laborites Face Major Test;
Lewis, Miners Clash With old Foe;
US. to Continue Egg-Priee Support

SsssersHN sW MSaP ThfS Ssfn nsRs a.. aTai S1Rse sSs Mn n these SIgmns; hey are those
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1950-02-16

Like a stuck VictrOla record
or an old movie constantly re-
showing, John L. Lewis, mine
union car, was in the news
again, this time with another
coal strike on the boards.
Lewis gestures as he appears
before the conference table
during contract renewal talks
which broke down.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1950-02-16
YOUR YARD
AND GARDEN

By Leonard wager, Assistant
Horticulturist Montana Extern
sion Service
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1950-02-16

s.n .,.ese surplus items by using q Tribune-Ierald Won't Ad
Evening star., 1950-03-04
Where and When
Current Theoter Attractions
and Time of SHOWING

Ambassador-"Th Thelma Jordon"::
l. $40, Sis. 1920 and 9:35 pm.
Capitol-"Nancy Goes to Rio;
10:45 am, 1:20. 1855. 6:35, 9:1O
and HAS pm. Stage show: 12::35.
$40, 5:45, 8:25 and II pm.
Columbia-"12 O'Clock High;
1890 am, 1855, 800, $50, 800
and 10:45 pm.
Dupont-"The Hidden Room:
1:25, 3:25. $50, 7:35. 9:40 and
11:50.
Keith's - "Cinderella";; 9 am.
10:45. 1875, 2:25, AIS, s, 7::50,
9:35, 1925 and 1915 pm.
Little-"Tillie and Gus: 1915,
2:45. Sis, 7:50 and 1925 pm.
Metropolitan "The Despera-
does; II am, 2, S. 8 and II pm.
National-"Of Mice and Men;
1920 am, 100, 800, $40, 7:20
and 9:20 pm.
Palace - prince of Foxes;
10:45 am. 1855, sos, Sis, 1925,
9:55 and 11::45 pm.
Pix Tobacco Road; 1:l0,
4::20, 715, 1910 and 1:05 am.
Playhouse - "All the Kings
Men: II am. /, sos. Sis, 1880,
$40 and 1850 pm.
Trans Lux my Foolish
Heart; 11:10 am, LOS, 2:55,
4:50, 6:45. $40 and 1926 pm.
Warner-"Thelma Jordon";; II
am, los, 3:15, $40, 1880 and
9:45 and 11:55 pm.
Evening star., 1950-03-04

welt High school auditorium start
ing at $3.50.
The finals will be held at the
same place next Thursday night,
and in the same spirit of the
show-must-go-on if neither the
miners nor the weather relent in
the slightest in their present atti-
tudeS.
Jose Ferrer, who has been the
dominant young man in both the
theater and movies for the last
couple of seasons, has just
achieved his most impressive film
assignment. He will play the
title role in the Stanley Kramer
production of "Cyrano de Ber-
gerac," repeat of the successful
performance he gave in the stage
version of the romantic classic a
couple of seasons ago.
Michael Gordon will direct the
film which win go into production
| IN June.
Saturday summary: Andre
Obey's NOAH" a drama with
music and dance will be a high
light of the George Washington
University Players season pro-
gram with three performances set
for next week. Edward Man
gum is directing. March 9, 10
and IL are the dates and Lisner
auditorium is the place. Light
Up the Sky" Moss Hart's comedy
hit of last season will be the next
attraction of the darlington
Players. Two performances
will be offered at Arlington Farms
Recreation Hall, March 80 and 81.
Direction is the chore of
William T. Chichester. Thorn
ton Wilder who would rather act
the role than have written the
play will play the narrator in his
Our Town" when it is presented
at the College of Wooster in
Ohio in May.
Evening star., 1950-03-04

I am as delighted as you are
that it proved that we can make
"art theater" pictures and
through them, prove that the
mass audience is as quick to at
tend these houses as the sup
posed non-art movie palaces.
It will be a long time before
any picture shown here will
achieve as dramatic a history as
"All the Kings Men" You
know, better than I, of the great
number of prizes it won. But
it takes a look at the Playhouse
records to show how each of
these, in its turn and starting
with the New York Critics
Circle award, gave the attend
ance a flip (Which sometimes
comes out Flip" on a linotype
machine).
The seven Academy Award
nominations just a couple of
weeks ago gave it its last big
momentum and I am sure that,
should it win the best picture
award a few weeks hence, its
record might have been even
more impressive.
However, it is impressive
enough as it will be in mid
March without waiting for the
Academy decision. and I want
you to know that nothing could
be more pleasing to me and
most of the other critics I know
who really like nothing better
than great American motion
picture.
BY the way, I saw your new
screening theater the other
night, and there is another
standard I would like to see
become universal. Yours, j. G.:
There may be a coal shortage
and a cold wave, surely the win
ter's nastiest combination of cir.
cumstances, but the One-Act Play
tournament will continue tonight
just as if life were merely nor
mally intolerable.
The third series of preliminary
plays will be presented by COM
peting amateur groups at Roose-
Evening star., 1950-03-04

serving Quman-lQCluQlng most
of all, me.
1t is in this spirit that I am
writing you to tell you that I
am completely happy, as I know
you are. over the fact that an
American film is just about to
set a new and enviable long
run record for Washington.
The production, of course, is
Cali the Kings Men" which will
end its run at the Playhouse in
mid-March after 16 weeks.
That is five weeks longer than
"Hamlet's" run at the same
house and six weeks more than
Quartet" both of which were
corking productions made in
England.
Hamlet" of course ran on a
two-a-day basis and did not
achieve anything like the total
of attendance recorded by the
Hollywood production which
will be close to one in nine per-
sons in our more than one mil
lion population, city and sub
urbs. Neither did Quartet"
which, in it's 10 weeks run,
achieved only $50 showings as
against the 420 for the same
period of "All the Kings Men,"
incidentally, it was at the
428th showing of the picture on
February 2, that the 100,000th
ticket was sold to the Robert
RosSen film.
I am not writing this to imply
that the critics had anything TO
do with making" the record
setting picture. Hollywood made
it, and Robert Rossen, Brod-
derrick Crawford, Mercedes Nc
Cambridge and a lot of other
talented, thoughtful people out
there.
am only writing to say that
Evening star., 1950-03-04
Hollywood Diary
Yvonne Seeks Doshinq Leading Man
BY Sheloh Grohom.

excellent Halls of Ivy" radio
show. Result-a ticket for speed
ing. =.
Charlie Chaplin was on tele-
vision the other night in an old
one-reeler. ''The Immigrant" To
judge by the reaction of my two
small children, Chaplin will soon
be as popular with the younger
generation as Hopalong Cassidy
Sight of the week: Mrs. Clark
Gable painting the back fence
on the Encino ranch, with Clark
in dungarees, supervising the
building of the guest house. They
really are mad about each other.
Norma Shearer's daughter grad
yates from high school in Europe
this summer. Her son, Irving
Thalberg, jr., attends Stanford
University. Norma will be coming
back to the United States for a
Evening star., 1950-03-04
CHEVERLY Def

A at londovef Rd., Nd.
UN. O100. Free Parking. Two Hits!
COWBOY AND THT INDIANS" and
RID SHELTON JANET ~ rATR <in
THE FULLER BRUSH MAN" Plus
on Stage at $40, Talent Contest Fea-
turing Colmar Manor, Bladepsi,urg
Primary and Cotta~e City School
Children. On Stage at 8 PM Talent
Contest featuring Performers from
Bladensbarg Eigh School. Sponsored
by Harvey Dairy. Last Double Feature
$40 Sun. Mon. "uTT THE ICE" and
PIRATES OF CAPRI"
Evening star., 1950-03-04

MARI. .R0R0 Upper Marlboro. Nd.
ssss"sesDSAsO Mari. 9875
Two Big Hits! ARTHUR LAKE,
PENNY SINGLETON in Blonde
HITS THE JACKPOT" Plus BARRY
SULLIVAN. BRODERICK CRAWFORD,
MARJORIE REYNOLDS in "BADMEN
OF TOMBSTONE" Last Double Fea-
ture S:37. Sun. Mon: THE NEVA-
DIAN"
Evening star., 1950-03-04
HOLLYWOOD.

HOLLYWOOD.
Peter Lawford will be going to
London for eight weeks, come
April. His picture, Royal We'd
ding with June Allyson and
Fred Astaire. will be shot mostly
in the British capital. Pete, while
denying that he and Sharman
Douglas have made plans to
marry, admits that he likes her
better than any girl he has ever
met. I believe it's more than
possible that therell be a Law
ford as we'll as Royal Wedding"
in London.
Yvonne De Carlo is back from
her lightning tour of Europe and
ready to go with her next picture,
Desert Hawk" Were looking
for a leading man who can dash
around like Douglas Fairbanks or
Cornell Wilde" Yvonne tells me.
She'll settle very happily for Cor
mel. I'm through with travelling
this year." says Yvonne. who saw
Turhan Bey in Germany, Carlos
Anthony in Paris, but not the
Shah in Iran. IF I go anywhere
again. it will be to Sweden and
Norway"
Louis Jourdan is going quietly
and philosophically crazy because
Boss David Selznick is refusing
all loan-out deals for him. III
was supposed to do Victoria
Grandolet' with Jennifer Jones at
Warmers" Louis tells me. She's
out of the deal completely. So
am I. The New York producers
wanted me year and half ago
for Red Gloves David refused
that, too. I don't care whom II
work for, I just want to work"
His last work" was Madame
Bovary." finished a year ago.
y X
Ronald Colman and wife Bonita
were dashing too fast to their
Evening star., 1950-03-04
Vio(inist Holds Clinics
After College RecituIs
By, the Assoeioted Press

NEW YORK.-Louis Kaufman
is one artist who likes to share
professional secrets with others
He holds violin clinics at colleges
in towns where he gives recitals
The Association of American
Colleges and Universities thinks
so highly of his idea that he is
at 10 colleges under its
Mr. Kaufman started
his clinics last year as an expert
ment. After his regular concerts,
he invited music teachers and STU
dents to play for him.
Evening star., 1950-03-04

while this year.. Meanwhile. Pola
Negri rents her beautiful home at
the beach.
Lana Turner will not be re-
placed by Jane Greer in Three
Guys Named Mike" as rumored.
Lana has a busy schedule. After
the Guys" picture, she goes
Evening star., 1950-03-04

ClkCLE 2lo5 Po. Ave. NV. RE. ols4
KIRK DOUGLAS, MARILYN MAXWELL
in CHAMPION" at !, 3:05. 5:25, 7:35,
a:45. Last Chapter wild Bill Hickok,"
No. 15.
Evening star., 1950-03-04
THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. c.
SATURDAY, MARCH l. 1880

straight into Mr.. Imperium"
with EZio PIMA.
George Raft talking to Ru-
manian Actress Nadia Gray in
Paris-to be his leading lady in
"I'll Get You for This"
Evening star., 1950-03-04
Drama News and Reviews
DIOInO news ana KeVIeWS -- ''-'---~' !
Thank You, Mr.. Johnston,
For q Record-Setting Film
By Joy Cormody

An open letter to Mr. Eric Johnston president of the Motion
Picture Association
Dear Mr.. Johnston We both that you always
been happy with what regarded
sasm of motion picture critics for foreign films
to be happy, other
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14
Oakland Elementary
To Present Operetta

The Oakland Elementary school will
present a Christmas operetta in the
Oakland High school auditorium on
Tuesday, December 10.
1t will consist of two musical plays,
"Mother Goose which tells of
Christmas Eve in a shoe, and Christ
mas Everywhere" a story of Christ
mas customs in other countries.
The actors fol Mother Goose are
Paul Brohawn, Carolyn Dusic, Ar
veta Bell, Dickie Snyder, Ada Jack
son, John Brown, Virginia Thayer,
Beverly Winters, Douglas Smith, Bill
ly WEIGH, Steve Wainer, Harlem Vet
ter, Barbara Lu Glotfelty, Willard A.
Glotfelty. Lester Bittinger, Harvey
Winters, Brenda DeBeTy, Sandra
Orr, Eleanor Vetter, Kay Pike and
Sue Yutzy.
Numerous other students from the
lower grades appear as fairies, San
ta's children and little Negroes. The
chorus is composed of students from
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14
Official Deer Kill
In County Was 374

Garrett county's siX-day deer sea-
son came to close at shutdown last
Saturday, and the official kill was
placed at 374, 1l9 short of last years
total. The number falls far short Of
the all-time record of SIT bucks, killed
in 1916.
The weather was described as the
worst in Maryland in the history Of
deer season, but in spite of it $50 deer
were killed throughout the state, az
cording to the State Game and Inland
Fish Commission.
Garrett county was the only com
ty reporting a heavy decline over the
previous year, although Frederic';
county also reported a decreasa of
five over the previous year. There was
over two feet of snow in the forests
of Garrett county which limited the
number of hunters.
The most deer were reported at the
Oakland station where 124 hunters
had their kills weighed and their
licenses checked. SiXty-eight We're re-
ported at Grantsville, 81 at Storey's,
Deep Greek Lake; 40 at Friendsville
and 33 at Swanton. Others were re-
ported at Westernport, LaVale, both
in Allegany county, and at the State
Game office in Baltimore. The open
ing day was the most successful for
hunters with 80 reported in that day
The county by county bag totals
showed:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14

all grades.
Dolores Vetter plays Christine and
Beverly Winters is a fairy in Christ
mas Everywhere. Other children ap-
pearing in this play are Billy WEIGH,
Bobby Glaze, Joyce Thayer, Sandia
Kay Bernard, Samuel Savage, Bobby
Sanders, Rosemary Shaffer, Harold
Harsh, William Swiger, Norma and
Winona Alexander. and Gary Dixon.
Appropriate carols are sung with
each scene by the chorus
All elementary teachers are work
ing together to make this event pos
siole Admission is 80 cents for adults
and rs cents for children. Tickets are
being sold by elementary students.
Prizes will be given to the boy or
girl who sells the most, and also to
the room which sells the most tickets.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14
Recruiting Station
To Get New Quarters

The Army and Air Force Recruit
ing station i'm Oakland will be located
in the Hinebaugh building, formerly
the Rose Shop, on Third street, early
in January, it was announced yester-
day by T/Sgt. George F. Kirby, re-
cruiter.
government lease for the new space
was received from Washington. The
office will be maintained by Sgt.
Kirby.
The official opening will be around
January LIST, as the office is to be re-
painted and new furniture and office
equipment brought from Baltimore
and Martinsburg.
The Oakland office will be one of
the largest in the Martinsburg dis
trict, in size. and will be equipped
with upholstered furniture, reading
materials, radio and other convent
ences, as well as office equipment.
The space IN the Y. >. poStof1lce,
now occupied by the recruiter, will
be used as a testing room for civil
service applicants and is assigned
permanently to the Department of
Internal Revenue. 1t has been used
by the Recruiting Service on tenn
poraly basis.
Sgt Kirby announced that pictures
as we'll as military history of local
youths who had enlisted during 1850
would be on display in the new office.
He reminded parents and relatives
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14

who had not already loaned pictures
to do so, not later than December 30.
Thirty pictures already have been re-
ceived. All pictures will be returned
after the display. Parents of army
and air force servicemen enlisting
during 1850 were being requested to
contact Sgt. Kirby by calling Oak
land 1872.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14

b. Littman at the organ, will feature
as soloists, Nh, and Mrs. Jay l.. Bell
B. Beeson Snyder, Thomas Wainer,
Hervey Smouse, Miss Susanna Porter,
with duets, trios, quartets, and choral
numbers by the choir.
Souvenir candles will be provided
FOR all who attend.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14
STEYER
Church News

Church News
We wish to make a correction on
the announcement about the White
Church WSCS meeting appearing in
last weeks Republican. The meeting
date will be on December p at 1880
p. NJ, instead of December 81, as was
announced. The meeting will be held
at the home of Mrs. Joe Cerne, Stey-
er. Christmas gifts will be exchanged,
Secret Sisters revealed and names Sc
lected for the year of 1851. All mem
bers are urged to attend. There will
be a Christmas party after the wor-
ship program.
The members of the WSCS, White
Church, gave a "Thank Offering
program on Sunday night. Although
the weather was stormy, quite a num-
Der of people attended. Rev. r. D.
Prince brought the message.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14

ing Sunday evening at o'clock ct
the church. The choir will present the
cantata, Bethlehem" by Maunder.
This is a new production by Maunder
and is adjudged as very beautiful aud
one of his best works.
The cantata, directed Dy Mrs.
Frederick A. Thayer, Jr,, with julius
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14

President Truman, in blister;ng
letter. threatened to beat up music
critic who said his daughter Mar
Raret's voice was flat.
The American farmer doesn't want
either price controls or rationipg,
speakers at the American Farm Blu
reau convention declared.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14
Methodist Candlelight
Service Set For Sunday

The annual Christmas Candleiight
service of st. Paul's Methodist church,
Oakland, will be conducted this COM
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1950-12-14

- Vsk Santa for the gift that will bring
you the merriest of Christmases, this year and
for years to come. A gift of extra time for
bridge, shopping, visits, play with your chill
dren, watching your television set-whatever
is your pleasure.
The gift to bring all these blessings is new
Estate Range. Estate solves your No. big-meal
problem of getting everything ready at once
without rushing With four separate areas for
meat cookery, baking, griIling, and cooking top
operations = all at the same time - you can
breeze through any meal ;. from snack to
Sunday-size rePast. And serve meat, vegeta.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1950-09-07
.JCC Canteen Of
The Heights To
Be Ready Soon

It's fall again and that means
another new fall program for
Heights House teen-agers.
Fall of 1850 marks the second
year of operation for teen-age
youth in the Cleveland Heights
branch of the Jewish Community
Centers. The new season will see
the reopening of an exciting pro-
gram which will include canteens,
swimming and basketball for jun
high and high school youth.
Prominent will be the activities
of the newly-created Junior Coun-
Gil of Clubs. This club council,
which last year featured a number
of memorable COMMUNICATIVE pro-
grams will this year again take
the leadership to plan and follow
through to similar projects.
Morrie Tiktin, who begins his
second year as Director, reports
a mounting interest in the fall
activities. The Teen Director looks
to the fall for the creation of new
social friendship clubs for all
junior high youngsters who do
not already belong to a club and
who want to part in this kind of
experience.
For membership and further in
formation call Err. 1-1948.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1950-09-07

We got these pictures last Tues
day night when the East Cleveland
Picnic Committee tossed a dinner
for themselves and the folks who
helped them stage the biggest and
best Community Picnic ever.
Top photo: Mrs. Bob McNeeley
(and Bob), Mr.. and Mrs. Dave
Whale. Next you see Kitty and
Cappy Kicks, CHATS Margaret
Baumgarten looking over her
shoulder), and Mrs. Karl Brown
(and Karl, of course).
Below left: Miss Elsa Berg, as
sociate editor of the East Cleve-
land Leader, her sister, Miss
Pauline Berg, and Ralph Kepner,
who does much of the Leaders
picture-taking.
The "we" in this story is the
Leaders genial advertising sales
man, Ernie Cook.
Top right: Mrs. "Buck" Weaver
(and the Chief. Below: Mr.. and
Mrs. Chris Gramines.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1950-09-07
Screams Attract Reseuer>
Attaeker Takes To Heels

A man who grabbed Mrs. Georgia
Perry and threw her to the ground
and then fled when a nearby resi-
dent, hearing her screams came to
her rescue, is being searched for
by police.
Mrs. Georgia Perry, 1855 Fourth
ave. told police the man stepped
up to her from behind as she walk
ed along Doan ave., south of the
railroad underpass about 3:35 a. m.
September End. He cautioned her
not to scream, but screams she did,
arousing Charles Prioreschi, 1924
Doan, who rushed out to aid her.
He grapped with the fellow who
twisted, and fled toward Euclid ave.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1950-09-07
READING
Clubs Come To
Rousiing Close

Children's Summer Vacation
reading clubs of the East Cleve-
land Public Libraries came to a
rousing close. In the Lucky 13
Rodeo Club, 293 older boys and
girls participated actively. A total
of 443 were enrolled in the Main
Library and Caledonia and North
branches. Eighty of these COM
pleted the Rodeo plan of events.
Twenty-one were hardy enough to
conquer each event twice. Six
readers speeded ahead for a third
round.
During the final week, Diane
Dysert Of I'LL Bryn Mawr, and
Carol Heeder, 861 Helmsdale, COM
pleted the corral of activities by
reading thirteen books and writ
ing brief reports for each one.
In the Bookmark Clubs ITO chill
dren in the first, second, and third
grades signed up, and 672 have a
gay bookmark recording the titles
of the books they have read during
the summer. Twenty-eight boys
and girls began a second bookmark
because the first marker was COM
pletely filled with nearly 80 titles.
Karen Barnes of 1928 Glynn is
the only reader to begin a third
book mark.
Colette Wilson, George Brazik,
Arlene Davis, and William Intihar
started second bookmark at the
Main Library during the last week
of vacation reading.
A year ago GIG boys and girls
were active readers in the Book
mark Club. Greatest increase in
response to this reading guidance
program has been shown by the
young patrons of the Caledonia
Branch Library. There a 40 per
cent increase over last years total
is recorded.
The gay flowered bookmarks
and tiny paper horses will be given
to the readers at parties which will
be held in the near future. All
eligible boys and girls will be mott
fled by mail.