davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1950-02-20

Enough strawberries to supply the average family's needs can be raised in a small garden.
Evening star., 1950-02-27
Experts Shed Light
On Red Torture Tactics
To Gain Confessions

The technique of torture to
force confessions" in Communist
courts behind the Iron Curtain
is becoming clearer to State De-
partment officials and medical ex-
perts here.
The use of scientific methods to
break strong wills and bend minds
into making false statements has
been described in a Bulgarian citi-
zen'S affidavit obtained by the
State Department, it was learned
yesterday,
The, existence and effectiveness
Of some device to turn men into
mental stooges, without much
change in physical appearance
was regarded as likely by four top
experts. They said it probably
was not drugs but might be hyp-
notism or perhaps plain physical
torture.
Several Questioned.
Those who gave answers to the
question raised again by the Buda-
pest courtroom confession" Of
Robert A. Vogeler, American
businessman charged with spying
for the United States. were: Drs.
Winfred Overholser, superintend-
ent of st. Elizabeths Hospital; DR.
Robert R. Felix, mental health
chief of the United States Public
Health Service: DR.. Robert T.
FiScheliS, director of the Ameri-
can Pharmaceutical Association
and Capt. George N. Raines, psy-
chiatric chief at the Bethesda
Naval Hospital.
The State Department disclosed
earlier this week that Michael
Shipkov. the United States lega-
tion's last Bulgarian translator
gave the legation a sworn state
ment telling how Bulgarian police
tortured him Into making false
confessions
Mr.. Shipkov was first arrested
August 20, questioned and tor
tured. and released on his promise
Evening star., 1950-02-27
Fund Drive HeraIded
By Red Cross Flags

Red Cross flags will fly from
Washington's street poles, store
fronts and other prominent
places today to herald the ap-
proach of the organizations an
nual drive for funds.
The month of March has beer
officially designated as Red Gross
month, but the flags will fly from
today until Monday, April 3.
The distribution of the 4,50(
flags will be directed by Mrs. P. j
Altizer of Fairfax who has beer
volunteer chairman of flag distri-
button for the last Is years.
Daniel w. Bell is general chair.
man of the campaign to raise ST..
O39.000 in the area embracing the
District, Alexandria, Arlington
Prince Georges, Montgomery ano
Fairfax Counties.
The first report luncheon fol-
the drive will be held in the Hall
of Flags. United States Chamber
of Commerce Building, on Friday.
Subsequent report luncheons will
be held Tuesdays and Fridays
throughout the drive.
Evening star., 1950-02-27

to return to the legation as a spy
for the Bulgarians, the State De-
partment said. Instead. he told
his story to legation officials and
was hidden there until shortly be-
fore the break in relations be-
tween the two countries. He was
arrested later when he left the
shelter of the legation, the de-
partment said.
Methods Revealed.
The department did not reveal
the methods Mr.. Shipkov said
were used by Bulgarian police
to bend him to it's will" The
sworn statement, however, went
into that phase of the matter, it
was learned.
DR.. Overholser and Capt. RAVES
said hypnotism might have been
used in getting such confessions.
1--WE know many hypnotic
tricks are possible" DR.. Over.
Evening star., 1950-02-27

holser said. "It is possible. for
instance. to put man in a
trance, give him a command
which he is to obey at a specified
hour IN the future, bring him
out of the trance, and then have
him obey the command"
But DR.. Overholser said that
he never heard of " hypnotic
job that kept a man under con-
troll long enough to permit him
to go through a trial"
Capt. Raines agreed but noted
"the Russians do not let trained
observers into their alleged trials.
Mindszenty Case Recalled.
The theory that a pill called
"Aktedron" robs men of their will
power was featured in a recently
published explanation" of the
Mindszenty case. Allegedly writ
ten by confidant of the cardinal.
the article told how the drug first
Evening star., 1950-02-27
Free Czechs 10 Mark
Masaryk Centenary
In Ceremony March !

The Council of Free Czechoslo-
vakia announced plans yesterday
for observances here and in other
parts of the country of the cen
tenary of Thomas G. Masaryk
founder and first president OF
Czechoslovakia, on March 7.
Observances also will be held
In other countries, although there
was no indication there would be
any ceremonies in Communist
ruled Czechoslovakia.
DR.. Petr Zenkl, council presi-
dent, declared in a statement is
sued here yesterday that there
was "the possibility that unfore-
seen events may take place in
Czechoslovakia on or around
March T." He added:
The Communist press and
radio already have launched an
anti-Masaryk hate campaign, and
the people are restive in spite Of
all security measures by the po-
lice state"
A memorial meeting will be
held March in Pierce Hall, Six
teenth and Harvard streets NV
with Supreme Court Justice Jack
son as principal speaker. The
same day the Library of Congress.
will open a Masaryk exhibit which
will run for a week.
When arrangements have beer
completed. probably by the enc
of March, a plaque will be un.
veiled in the lobby of Hotel 240(
where Mr.. Masaryk lived ane
worked in 1918.
The council said Governors o.
10 States already have promised
to proclaim March 7 as Masaryl
Day.
The celebrations are designed
not only to pay tribute to tht
Czech's national hero but to en-.
courage Czechs "in their strug-
gle for the restoration of Masa-
ryk's democracy and to strength
en- their determination and resist
ance against the new tyranny
the council said.
Evening star., 1950-02-27

stimulated a victim and ther
broke him down.
1--WE have reports on 'Aktedron
from German publications." Dr.
FischeliS" said. 1T is what we cal
'Benzedrene.' 1t is stimulant
which could keep man awake
until he reached a state of ex-
haustion. At that point he might
be willing to say anything
But" adds DR.. Felix, former
medical director for the FBI
that does not explain man who
Evening star., 1950-02-27

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Evening star., 1950-02-27
Kiwunis Nome Wolfe

Perce L. Wolfe of the Prince
Georges County Club, has been
appointed chairman of intercluh
relations for the Kiwanis Capital
district, which includes Maryland
Virginia, Delaware and the Dis
trict of Columbia.
Evening star., 1950-02-27

appears in court repeatedly clear
headed and clear-eyed. Anyone
suffering from overdoses of Ben
zedrene would be obviously sick. -
The same thing, adds DR.. Felix,
would be true of the so-called
truth serums," which are in his
opinion much overrated."
Evening star., 1950-02-27
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Evening star., 1950-02-27
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Evening star., 1950-02-27

Pakistan's Communist Party is
condemning "the fascist tenden-
cies of the government"
Evening star., 1950-03-09
) in Prince Georges 10 Take
Voting Machine Course

The Prince Georges County
Board of Election Supervisors an
nounced yesterday it will send
three men to jamestown, N. Y, for
a weeks orientation course on
voting machines.
Those selected are Alexander L.
Buscher, board chairman and
George T. Seigel, Democrat and
John B. Willard. Republican. Mr..
Seigel, who lives in East River
dale and Mr.. Willard, a Landover
resident, have been chosen voting
machine custodians, subject to in
terviews by the supervisors next
Tuesday. The men were recon-
mended by the State Central Conn.,.
mittees of their parties.
The board also announced that
the first precinct of Spaulding
Election District will be split, the
new precinct to be called the fifth.
1t will cover the area of District
Heights and the polls will be in
the District Heights fire house.
The first precinct votes at the
ForeStville fire house.
Evening star., 1950-03-09
Bi||Providing $50, 900 Fairfax Due 10 Appea
For Virginia's Part in Ruling |nvaIidating
Sesqui Sent 10 Battle Trailer Camp Tax

Fairfax Commonwealth's At
torney Hugh B. Marsh said today
he will advise the Board of Su-
pervisors to appeal a circuit court
decision invalidating an ordinance
taxing trailer camps.
The decision was handed down
last week by Judge Elliott Mar
shall sitting in place of Judge
Paul E. Brown.
The measure. providing for an
annual tax on each site in a
trailer camp, was adopted during
the war. For 1949 and subsequent
years, the fee for each trailer site
was increased drastically to $50
by the supervisors. The operators
Of the county's largest trailer
camp challenged the ordinance
and refused to pay the fee.
Ruling by Judge Marshall.
Judge Marshall upheld them,
declaring the ordinance illegal be-
cause the amount of tax bears
no relation to the costs of regu-
lation.
Commonwealth's Attorney Marsh
said he had not. considered the
question of whether the county
might have to refund $19,700 in
taxes paid in 1949 and the $500
paid so far in 1850.
A bill charging the law with
respect to the powers of the Fair
fax supervisors to license trailers
is pending in the General Assem-
bly,. It has passed the senate and
now is before a house committee.
Bill Calls For S100 Tax.
Sponsored by Senator Andrew
w. Clarke, Alexandria, the bill
authorizes the supervisors to i'm
pose tax, not exceeding 500 a
year, which may be paid in quar-
terly installMe1atssson on house trail
ers. The fee would apply to trail
ers kept Oh property other than
that owned By the person living in
the trailer.
The local ordinance may pro-
vide that transient trailers can
not occupy property, other than
trailer camps. for more than 4s
hours without registering with the
county. II they remain more than
48 hours the owners would have to
register but they still could escape
the license fee. providing they did
not remain on the property for
more than 80 days. -
For trailers which are licensed,
a sticker will be issued as evidence
of payment of the tax.
Evening star., 1950-03-09
HOUSEKEEPING Nets
D. {. Man 14Years

John Kelly. IS, Of the 800 block
of Fifth street NV, yesterday
was sentenced by Alexandria Cor.
poration Court Judge William p
Woolls to q total of IA years or
two housebreaking charges.
His brothers. William. n, o1
Chinquapin Village, Alexandria
and James, 25, who is serving
time for an Arlington housebreak.
ing, also are charged in a number
Of Alexandria thefts. Williams Ii
scheduled to be tried today on 6
charge of receiving stolen goods
A month ago John Kelly
changed his plea from not guilty
in the midst of his trial. Sen.
fencing was delayed until proba.
ton officers reported.
The Kelly brothers were ar.
rested In October, with a fourth
man. Obert Shanholtz, 19, of the
HOO block of Neil street NE.
Shanholtz pleaded guilty te
housebreaking and was given 8
total Of 10. years. The sentence
was suspended, however, because
the court was told it was his first
offense. and, he co-operated with
police after his arrest. Police de.
scribed Shanholtz as the lookout
man for the gang.
A housebreaking charge against
John Kelly's wife, Rosa, wa.
dropped.
Evening star., 1950-03-09
Bids Sought on Road
To Join Expressway
To Baltimore Airport
BY the Asseeiofsd Press

BALTIMORE, Mar. The
State Road Commission today ad.
vertised for bids on a mile of dua,
highway from the Washington
Baltimore Expressway into Balti-
more's new municipal airport
south of the city in upper Anne
Aundel County.
There has been a controversy
for several months on whether
the City or the State should build
the stretch. It is estimated tc
cost $685. 900 and includes one
bridge to carry traffic over Camp
Meade road near the airport.
The bids will be opened here
March %. .
The commission also advertised
the same deadline for bids on the
relocation of U. S. 220 in the
southwest corner of Allegany
County at a new bridge being
built across the Potomac River be-
tween McCool. Md, and Keyser,
w. Va.
The mile and q, half of relo-
cation is estimated to cost $780,
900. Part of the new road will be
three lanes wide so passenger cars
can get around heavy trucks going
up hills.
Evening star., 1950-03-09
64-Page Annual Report
On Montgomery Issued

Detailed information about
their county government is avail
able to all Montgomery residents
The facts are contained in a
64-page annual report by County
Manager Irving G. McNayr.
Mr.. McNayr reviews achieve
ments of the county's charter
form of government during its
first year of operation and takes
a peek into the future by out
lining charter aims.
The booklet is literally Illus
trated with pictures and charts
showing activities carried on by
county departments. Included i.
a list of all county officials, as vel
as members of boards and agen.
cies appointed by the Governor
At the end are the names of per-
sons to call If other information
is desired on any county activity
Copies of the booklet are avail
able at the Rockville Courthouse
at no charge.
Evening star., 1950-03-09
BY the Associoied Press

RICHMOND, Mar. 9.-Baron
John Won Leidersdorff says he
owns lavish Albemarle County
estate, $1,000 worth of farm equip
ment and livestock and two cars
valued at $6,000-but he's broke.
In fact, the Danish-born baron
says he's been broke since Feb
ruary, 1949, when he filed petition
for writ of bankruptcy. A court
ruled, however, that he went broke
playing the horses. The baron
appealed.
His creditors look at things
differently. The baron, they say,
is worth at least 100000.
Among his assets. they say. are
such knicknacks as paintings by
Goya, Reynolds, Fragonard and
Romney; household goods. cloth
ing, expensive rugs, ornaments of
the person." Italian mirrors,
Flemish and Gothic tapestries, and
first editions of works of Lowell
Thackeray and Disraeli.
/ The United States Fourth Cir
cult Court of Appeals. faces an in
Eteresting question after hearing
Evening star., 1950-03-09
1akoma Park 10 Vote
May 9 on Bond Issue

The Takoma Park City Council
last night set May 9 as the date
for a referendum on a 5000, 900
bond issue for construction and
equipping q municipal center,
The vote was 40, with Council
men H. G. Heffner and John c.
Parkerson opposing the move.
Advocates contended a munich
pal center not only is desirable,
but necessary. Various city de-
partments. they pointed out, are
now In cramped quarters, impair
ing efficiency. The center would
house the city administrative Of
fees, Board Of Health, police
headquarters and city engineer
It also would provide a meeting
place for civic and other organi-
cations.
The bond issue would be repaid
over a 10-year period at an in
terest rate not. to exceed 2 per
cent.
Evening star., 1950-03-09
Wilson Boulevard Bridge
Closed for Construction

The Wilson boulevard bridge
over -Four Mile Run, near Lexing-
ton street in Arlington. was closed
today for six weeks to permit con-
struction of a new span.
County highway, and police of
ficials advised residents of the
Dominion Hills area to use either
Washington or Lee boulevard as a
detour.
The Arnold bus line will operate
shuttle buses between Dominion
Hills and the bridge, where con-
nection will be made with Wash
ington- bound buses on the other
side. Schedules will not be
changed.
Highway officials said the bridge
will be closed only while piers and
abutments are being built for the
new structure.
Evening star., 1950-03-09

witness about Johnny Maddox,
a son who lives near Rocway
Towers. Wasn't he operating
the towers at the time of this
raid?" the judge asked
Attorneys c. Ferdinand Sybert
and T. Edward O'Connell, repre-
senting Mrs. Maddox, protested
this question.
Judge Clark brought in Mad
docks name lin such manner as
to leave no doubt that he was
convinced, without a word of
testimony on the subject, that ap-
pellant's SON, Johnny had been
operating the Rocway Towers and
that he had escaped arrest on
the night of the raid" they told
the high court.
The judge decided the case on
his own suspicious and guesswork
based upon information received
by him from sources unknown. =
they said.
Evening star., 1950-03-09
by the Associated Press

ANNAPOLIS, Mar. 9.-Did a
little old lady lose her life savings
in raid at the Rocway Towers?
An aged widow has come for
ward to claim $12,025 of the
money seized by Maryland State
Police. She is Mrs. Anastacia
Maddox, So and slightly hard OF
hearing.
The case of Mrs. Maddox came
before the Court of Appeals today,
81 months after the raid on the
well-known gambling house on
the Baltimore Washington boule-
ward near Laurel.
Police, bursting through the
doors. seized $4,000 in packets OF
bills. Nineteen men they ar
rested have already served out
their one-year jail terms.
One prisoner, Walter Novak,
has recovered $40. 900 of the seized
money in Z court action.
Evening star., 1950-03-09
R. {. Sheriff Posts Bond
Of $1,000 in Tax Case

R. Earle Sheriff, former deputy
sheriff of Prince Georges County,
posted $1,000 bond in Baltimore
Federal Court yesterday, pending
his trial on tax evasion charges.
Sheriff was indicted Tuesday by
a Federal grand jury on charges
that he failed to report $10,430 on
his income while he was sheriff,
from 1943 through 1916. After
that he was deputy sheriff, job
from which he resigned Tuesday.
The cash bond was posted per-
sonally yesterday by Sheriff, who
was accompanied by his attorney.
Robert w. Mccullough. No trial
date has been set.
Evening star., 1950-03-09

closet, but was unable to find one
for the cupboard, which they
smashed open.
When the police left. the cup
board was bare.
"Oh dear, money, money, money,
Mrs. Maddox exclaimed at one
point in testimony before Judge
Clark.
Judge Clark's opinion had this
to say about Mrs. Maddox:
Notwithstanding her age, she
is we'll preserved, and I am salts
fed that her failure to name the
amounts, or the sources from
whence she got this money, was
not the result Of mere forgetful-
ness.
"She seemed to be able to re-
member anything she wanted to
remember and to understand any
question she wanted to under
stand"
Judge Clark had asked one
Evening star., 1950-03-09
Lane Cuts Life Term
OF EXCL Convicted Of
Assault on Woman
By the Associated Press

ANNAPOLIS, Mar. Gov
Lane has shortened the Jail term
Of a former soldier involved in
the rape of two war workers.
After serving six years of a life
sentence in the Maryland Peni-
tentiary, Ralph Mackey. 20. COL
ored, won a communication reduc-
ing his term to 20 years.
The effect is to make Mackey
eligible for parole consideration
next September instead of in 1859
Gov. Lane. on recommendation
of the State Parole Department
yesterday also granted two other
combinations and released &c
Maryland prisoners on parole.
Mackey and Richard Branch
colored, were convicted in Cecil
County of raping two white
women who thumbed ride from
a carload OF seven Negro soldiers
on Route 40 near Elkton, Md.
the night of October 27. 1894.
Other Soldier Fled Jan.
Mackey was then a technician
fifth grade, stationed at the ord
nance school detachment at the
Aberdeen Proving Grounds. He
was discharged from the Army as
a result of the rape case.
State House records do not show
what became Of Branch but noted
that he escaped from the Elkton
jail before he could be transferred
to the penitentiary in Baltimore
Authorities at the institution
claim inmate has no rapist per-
sonality and he is not antisocial, >
the Governors parole statement
said. "They believe he is a most
stable individual and recommend
as much clemency as possible TO,
him"
Others paroled included:
John Williams, 30, colored, st
Marys County Circuit Court, rob.
berry, 10 years in penitentiary
Served six years. 81
James H. Clark, %, Prince
Georges County Circuit Court
robbery. nine years in penitentiary
Served three years.
Chicken Thief on List.
Ernest M. Turner, 81, colored
Montgomery County Circuit Court
manslaughter in fight with broth
er, two years and six months in
House of Correction. Served more
than six months.
/ Jesse F. Harris, %, colored
Frederick County Magistrate's
Court, larceny of chickens, Il
months in House of Correction
Served five months.
Elmer j. Colbert, 20, Prince
Georges Circuit Court, assault and
battery in argument with another
motorist, one year in House o1
Correction. Served five months.
Evening star., 1950-03-09
Baron Claims He Is Real Farmer
In Bid to Keep AIbemorIe Estate

arguments on the baron's appeal
yesterday. Is the baron a real
old-fashioned dirt farmer" or just
a cocktail farmer?"
It's important, because the baron
can keep his estate, Guthrie
Hail." if the court holds he's a
bona flde farmer. Otherwise, his
creditors will be allowed to salvage
what they can-including the
estate. ...
Counsel for the creditors argued
that the baron is just 'playboy.
He engages, they said, "in the
sport of kings-an expensive, risky
occupation that the Frazier -Lemke
Bankruptcy Act is not designed
to embrace"
The baron, however, takes great
pride in his farming. And his
attorneys argued that he must
be a real dirt farmer" They
said he raises cows, chickens, pigs
and horses. -
They're race horses, snorted the
creditors. and he's just cock
tail farmer But the baror
thinks otherwise.
After all, he says. a horse is
| horse.
Evening star., 1950-03-09
Little Old Lady Appeals Claim for $12 900 Seized in Ro

Mrs. Maddox claims the re-
manning $4,000. She appealed
an order of Judge James Clark
in Howard County Circuit Court,
turning over the money to the
State Police pension fund.
Mrs. Maddox lived eight years
in an upstairs apartment at Roc
way Towers and said she had nc
idea what was going on down.
stairs.
She was sick abed the night OF
June S. 1948, when five troopers
broke down a door, came upstairs
and started rummaging around
her apartment at midnight.
Mrs. Maddox said she kept her
life savings wrapped In two paper
bags in a suitcase in a locked cup
board, which was inside locked
closet near her room.
Police said she "rumbled around
in a little box she was carrying
which had some keys in it, and
gave them . key to the outer