davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-03-23
More on Arms for Arabs

In letter published in The Star on
March 9, Elizabeth B. fowler reiterates
the Zionist demand that the United
States take steps to prevent the Arab
states from purchasing arms The reason
given is that such arms might be used
against Israel. Having taken the greater
part of Palestine from the Arabs, driven
100000 Palestinian Arabs out of their
homes and put Jews from Eastern Eu
rope in their place. the Zionists are
afraid that the Arabs might attempt to
regain their lost territory.
This fear is understandable. But the
demand that the United States keep the
Arabs unarmed is not. In the face of
possible Russian aggression, it is not in
the interest of our national security to
keep the Arab states who have always
been friendly toward us unarmed. Nor
is it in, harmony with the American
democratic tradition to insist that the
40 million Arabs remain at the mercy
of the one million Jews who, unlimited,
have established themselves in their
midst.
Miss fowler takes issue with my state
ment to the effect that the Jews OF Israel
feel kindly toward communism and some
of them have been leading communist
life in Palestine. She argues that East
ern Europe is the home of Orthodox
Judaism and that "to be Jewish means
. = way of life as incompatible with
communism as is Christianity Does
she mean to say that a Jew is incapable
of being a Communist? True enough.
Orthodox Judaism. like Orthodox Chris
tianity. is incompatible with communism.
But being born Jew, like being born
Christian, is no assurance against en-
bracing communism. Does she not know
that Karl Marx was born Jew.
Israel's Communists have boasted that
they are strong enough to seize control
of the government, but that they refrain
from doing so in order to continue to
receive American aid.
The Kibbutzim may not be- an exact
copy of the collective farms Of Russia,
but they are the nearest thing to them
I know. These settlements, contrary to
what Miss fowler says, are not owned
by the people who live on them. The
land, acquired by the Jewish National
Fund, is held in the name of 'the Jewish
people" There may be a distinction be-
tween ownership by "the Jewish people"
and ownership by the Jewish state, but
it is mob apparent.
One thing is certain. the people who
live and work in these settlements do
not own the land, and cannot sell it.
Moreover, they are required to work
it jointly, much in the Russian fashion.
They even take their meals together in
a common dining room, and their chill
dren are brought up together in a COM
mon nursery. In some of these settle
ments, the people receive nothing in
return for their labor beyond their keep.
Miss fowler may call this "a miniature
democracy" but let us bear in mind that
Russia also calls her system democratic.
Nagene Campbell Bethune.
Evening star., 1950-03-23

bang Yankees who have upset something
that kept so many happy for so long,"
For, as it now stands, the new canal
will be opened this summer for the first
ship to steam in, cross big inland
lagoon and come alongside new docks
at Abidjan.
Some $31 million worth of goods and
American machinery are being used to
dredge the canal and build docks, roads
and airf1elds
Gold and iron ore will be exported
Evening star., 1950-03-23
Adams Boy. Got His Dog

would like to take this opportunity
to thank you for your kindness in pub
fishing my little boys plea for new
dog, after his was so unfortunately
killed last week.
Also may thank the many kind and
wonderful persons who wrote or tele-
phoned, Offering my little boy another
dog? Through your fine paper, we have
found out how truly kind and sympa-
thetic people really are.
I am happy to say we have another
dog for our boy and he seems quite
happy with it. Thanks again to every
body.
Mrs. Paul Adams
Evening star., 1950-03-23
Questions and Answers

reader can get the answer to any question
OF fact by writing The Star Information Bureau
1900 Eye street NV; Washinston 2, D. Z.
Evening star., 1950-03-23

and contributions to private schools are
taxes. But they are not taxes imposed by
Government
Stanley Lichtenstein,
Associate Editor, Church and State
Newsletter.
Evening star., 1950-03-23
THIRTEENTH STREET.

- L.
Dear Sir:
II am confident that all lovers of purr-
ing pets and dumb beasts will sympa-
thize with me in the loss of a faithful
country cat.
1T is sad to think that Cassandra COT
the masculine persuasion but name
chosen for poetic alliteration) has run
through the gamut of nine lives and
will no longer stand arched to meet the
stroking hand
MANY of your loyal readers (and
clippers) have lost pet cat and their
eyes will grow misty as they read this
classic by Thomas Hardy.
Sincerely, L. c.
The tribute inclosed follows:
Last Words to Dumb Friend.
BY Thomas Hardy.
Pet was never mourned as you,
Purrer of the spotless hue,
Plumy tail, and wistful gaze
While you humored our queer, ways,
Or outshrilled your morning call
Up the. stairs and through the hall
Foot suspended in its fall
While, expectant, you would stand
Arched, to meet the stroking hand;
Till your way you chose to wend
Yonder. to your tragic end -
Evening star., 1950-03-23

when the cost of loading is drastically
reduced.
With such developments. a food of
immigrants are bound to come from
France. Then the whole pattern of life
will change.
So a dirty. poorly managed colonial
city is about to see progress and mod
ernism. Quiet, remote Abidjan is about
to be put on the map. And it doesn't
like it at all.
(Chcago Daily News Foreign service.)
Evening star., 1950-03-23
No Test Of Mercy Killing

Haven't the newspapers done enough
in flashing stories of crime, murder, rape
and so forth before the minds of mil
lions of morally-sound Americans, with
out misinterpreting the outcome and
nisrepresenting the nature of the recent
case of DR.. Sander? The newspaper is a
very powerful influence on the lives of
both young and old; many people hold
what is seen in the printed word as
absolute certitude.
DR.. Sanders case was first presented
and publicized as test case in mercy
killing or euthanasia. After many legal
loopholes and obstacles were surmounted,
however. the question of mercy killing
~ was dropped and the case finally revolved
about an issue as to whether the ques-
tionably lethal injection of air was ad-
ministered before or after the death of
the woman patient
The advocates of euthanasia were
waiting for such a case to come before
the courts of America, and were eagerly
wishing for acquittal so that they might
go about, with legal approval, COM
mitting their murderous so-called "acts
of mercy"
AS it stands, DR.. Sander was acquitted,
and the newspapers continue to refer
10 tlllS Case dS one Ol IIleTCy kllllllS, Illus
indirectly establishing in the minds of
unsuspecting millions legal justifica-
ton for mercy killing. Suggestion is
powerful weapon.
Benedict A. Paparella.
Lowell on Plagiarism
In his excellent article In Sundays
Star, Dr. Frederick Harris closes his
castigation of our current nlores with
the comment: And Lowell. prophet
of America, was joining Isaiah, prophet
of Israel, in saying the bed is too short.
when he warned
I'm vain we call old notions fudge,
And bend our conscience to our dealing,
The Ten Commandments will not bulge,
And stealing still continues stealing"
Several readers of the article have
asked what historic crisis prompted
Lowell to write the stanza The answer
is. the unauthorized publication in Europe
of his works and those of other Ameri-
can writers-without royalties to the
authors The poem was Lowell's plea
for an international copyright to protect
American poets and authors from pla-
giarism abroad. The year was 1885.
]. ]. Perling.
Evening star., 1950-03-23

pSeudonyn1 is permissible only
1Uken letter carries correct name
and address of Uriter. Please be briet.
Evening star., 1950-11-02
Stories Related
To the Shootinq

Picture Story Of One Hour Yesterday ct
Blair House. Pose AT
Sketches Of Men who Stopped Assossins
at Blair House. Pose AS
Communists Express Their Porty's Shock
at Attoek on Truman. Poee A-3
Aorsoret Trumon Is Upset But Doesn't
Show II at Concert. Pose A-3
Congress Told Two Months Ago Of Rise
in TMeots to Trumon. Pose AS
Rookie Policemen Who Served in Navy
Hos Narrow Eseope. Poee A-3
Assassination Attempt Is First to Toke
Ploce at White House. Paee AT
Who Is the Mon Who Wrote the Letters
Which Apparently Led the Assassins to
Blair House? Pose Az
fewitnesses Tell Of Scomperins to
Safety During Shooting. Pose A-3
y. S. ond World Leaders Shocked at
Attempt On Presidents Life. Pess A.
Evening star., 1950-11-02

thony De Silva and his friend as
Charles Gonzales. Yesterday after
noon, they met and took a taxi to
seventeenth street and Pennsyl-
vania avenue NV. shortly after
2 pm.
Collazo walked up Pennsylvania
avenue on the north sidewalk
toward the Blair-Lee and Blair
Houses and his companion walked
up the sidewalk Immediately in
front of the White House.
AS Collazo approached the Blair
House. his confederate crossed
Pennsylvania avenue and arrived
on the sidewalk behind him.
Pistol Misfired ON First Shot.
Collazo said when he reached
the guard box in front Of the
Blair House he pulled his auto
matte and started to fire at a
policeman. (This apparently was
Oficer Donald Birdzell)
Collazo said his pistol failed to
fire on the first shot. He elected
the bad cartridge and emptied the
clip at the guards. 1t contained
nine additional shells He said
he put in a fresh clip and fired
three shots from it.
Most Of his shots were directed
at the officer who had run into the
street TO draw fire from Blair
House, he said.
The policeman dropped near the
center Of Pennsylvania avenue.
He returned the fire from q prone
position.
Fired at Guard Box.
Collazo said he then turned his
gun on a man in the guard box
at the Blair House. He was not
sure if he hit this man. He didn't
know who he was.
The prisoner said neither he
nor his companion was certain of
the Presidents whereabouts at
that time. They lust took a
chance" that the President was
in the Blair House, and they
would encounter Mr.. Truman
there.
Collazo denied that Pedro Al
bizu Campos, leader of the Puerto
Rican Nationalist extremists, had
anything to do with his deter
mination to kill the President.
He and Torresola acted to seek
independence in Puerto Rico be-
cause his native countrymen had
been "enslaved" and the United
States had made tools" of Puerto
Rican politicians.
He pointed out repeatedly to
questioners that America won its
independence in the Revolution
ary War, and it was his idea to
start a similar revolution to lib
crate his countrymen.
Evening star., 1950-11-02

he expressed the opinion that
France will never drop it's oppo-
sition to the inclusion of German
military units as large as divi-
sions in Western Europe's defense
force.
Mr.. Moch told reporters that
France will provide one-half Of
the ground units which the At
lantic pact powers plan to station
on Europe's Western front. He
said that additional defense
forces also are. planned on
Europe's Northern and Southern
fronts. He gave no hint at the
possible size of these forces.
Predicts German Solution.
Presumably the Western front
would be primarily in Germany.
the Northern front in Norway and
Denmark and the Southern front
in Italy.
Mr.. Moch expressed hope that
the IL Atlantic pact nations will
be able to agree on solution Of
the German rearmament question.
despite the present deadlock be-
tween United States and French
plans on that subject. Secretary
of State Acheson predicted at
an earlier conference that some
way soon will be found to settle
the issue.
The French government wants
to limit German military units to
the smallest possible size. Mr..
Moch personally favors the bat
talon, including from 800 to 100
men. France wants such units
incorporated in a European army,
under a defense minister respon-
sible to European assembly.
The United States contends that
divisions, up to around 10000
(See DEFENSE. Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1950-11-02
Truman Goes for Usual Walk,
Never Mentioning Gun Battle

President Truman calmly went
for his usual early morning walk
today, showing no signs of worry
about yesterdays unsuccessful
assassination attempt.
Mr.. Truman stepped out of
the front door of Blair House at
Z am. and walked briskly down
the canopied steps around which
guns were blazing only II hours
earlier.
Six Secret Service men closed
in around the President as he
reached the Pennsylvania avenue
sidewalk, passing over the spot
where police bullets dropped one
of the two gunner who had tried
to shoot their way into the house
while he was taking an after
lunch nap yesterday.
Mr.. Truman made no mention
Evening star., 1950-11-02
George Bernard Shaw, 81, Dies;
Century's Leading Playwright
FroiI Irish Born Wit
Succumbs Peacefully
After 26-Hour Como
By the Associated Press

AYOT ST. LAWRENCE, Eng
land. Nov. George Bernard
Shaw, the century's most famous
playwright, died today at the age
of "a.
The life of the frail old Irish
born wit who massed a fortune
by poking fun at the shortcom-
ings of this civilized age, ficked
out at 4:59 am. 11:59 pm, EST,
yesterday.
A tumble in his garden Septem-
ber 10 while pruning tree proved
the undong of the self-styled Ma
poleon of drama. He broke his
left thigh bone and was taken to
Luton Hospital to have the bones
pinned together. A bladder all
Continued on Page AS. Col, H.
Evening star., 1950-11-02

| A detailed story of how he tried
to shoot his way into the Blair
House to assassinate President
Truman and start revolution to
liberate his native Puerto Rico
was given to interrogators today
by Oscar Collazo. 81, Of 173 Brook
avenue. the Bronx.
F CollaZo was questioned at Emer-
gency Hospital last night when he
revived from opiates administered
by doctors treating him for q
bullet wound in the left shoulder.
He was quizzed today in the jail
ward at Gallinger Hospital, where
he is under guard in locked
room with Ave other patients
being held for police.
The informal statements were
taken by Secret Service agents
and Washington homicide squad
detectives in the presence OF
several witnesses. Collazo, how
ever, has yet to make a formal
written statement and sign it.
Officers who took Collazo's
voluntary statement gave this ac-
count of what he told them:
He was born in Puerto Rico and
came to this country with his par
ents at the age of two. He said in
recent years he was employed as
a metal poliSher In a New Rochelle
IN. " pocketbook manufacturing
plant.
Denies Communist Link.
He denied that he was a Com
munist and declared he met Girl
selio Torresola only two weeks ago
in the Puerto Rican colony of New
York City.
He said both were members of
the Nationalist party of Puerto
Rico and that they agreed that
something should be done about
their native countrys effort to win
its independence from the United
States.
After several conferences, he
said. the two decided to take the
law into our own hands"
Collazo said Torresola bought
two pistols, one German Walther
P-38 and the other German Lu-
ger. He denied that he knew
where his confederate got the
guns.
Used Assumed Names.
The prisoner said Torresola gave
him the P-38 The two then got
on an afternoon train for Wash
ington last Tuesday and arrived
here at 1880 pm. They went to
the Harris Hotel and pretended
they were strangers to each other.
They registered separately under
: assumed names and were assigned
to different rooms.
! CollaZo said he registered as An
Evening star., 1950-11-02

of the incident. He walked down
Pennsylvania avenue to East Ex-
ecutive avenue, turned south to
circle the Washington Monument,
walked back up West Executive
avenue and turned into his White
House Office at 1880 am.
The President seemed to be the
only one around not mindful of
the fact that his life was in
jeopardy yesterday-and might be
again at any moment.
Besides the Secret Service men
walking with him, others trailed
him in q slow-moving car.
A painting group of newspaper
reporters and photographers fol-
lowed along. The President told
(See TRUMAN, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1950-11-02
Truman P|otter Faces Execution;
Puerto Rico Seizes Rebel Chiefs
Move Smashed:
Guard BoIstered
At Blair House

Secret Service Agents threw an
1s-man guard around President
Truman today as steps were taken
for swift arraignment of the sur
vivor in a two-man plot against
the Presidents life yesterday.
Although arrests continued lin
New York and Puerto Rico, Gov
ernment officials said they were
convinced that the conspiracy was
local in nature and was completely
squelched.
One of the asSassins. Griselio
'Torresola, of the Bronx, New York,
died instantly in yesterdays gun
battle before the Blair House,
temporary residence of the Tru-
mans.
The other. Oscar Collazo, 81.
also Of the Bronx, was on the road
to recovery from bullet wound
In the chest. Removed from
Emergency to Gallinger Hospital
for safekeeping under heavy
guard. he was to be arraigned
there this afternoon at o'clock
by United States Attorney George
Morris Fay and First Assistant
United States Attorney John w.
Fihelly. He was formally charged
with murder last. night.
Physicians said he was almost
sure to recover and face trial for
murder. punishable in the District
by death in the electric chair.
One Policeman Dead.
Although arrangements outside
courtrooms are rare. authorities
said they saw no legal obstacles
to conducting the hearing in Col
lazos ward, where he is being
watched by four Government
agents in a room with five or
six other prisoner-patiefts.
The assault on Blair House
cost the life of one of five po-
licemen who combatted the gum
man and wounded two Others
Both are now expected TO recover.
The two assassins, both Puerto /
Evening star., 1950-11-02
Truman Feels Sick
Over CoffeIt Staying
In Defending Him

President Truman today
scoffed at the thought that
he was in any danger from
the Puerto Rican revolu-
tionists who were shot down
yesterday in an abortive at
tempt on his life.
81 wasn't in any danger
never have been-but 1t was
a terrible thing to have one
OF the finest fellows you ever
knew murdered outright" the
President told reporters, in
referring to Pvt. Leslie Cof-
. felt.
He added feelingly: "Tt just
makes you sick"
Puerto Rico" the Presi-
dent continued. "has had the
best treatment in this ad-
ministFation it has ever had
in its history.
They've got a free govern
ment and their own govern
ment."
Evening star., 1950-11-02
Connecticut 6. 0. P.
Hopes 10 Take Both
OF Hot Senate Races
Republicans Expected
To Have Difficulty With
Mcmahon, However
Bv Gould Lincoln
Sior Stoff Correspondent

HARTFORD. Nov. 2.-Connec-
tieut is the prize package for
which Republicans are striving in
the present congressional cam
paign.
The State is electing two Sen
ators next Tuesday and if the
COP candidates win, it will mean
a gain of two Senate seats for the
party. Both incumbents, Brien
Mcmahon and William Benton, are
Democrats.
Senator Mcmahon, according
to both Republicans and Demo-
crats, has a better chance of VIM
ming than the two other top
candidates on the Democratic
ticket, Gov. Chester Bowles, also
running for reelection, and SEN
ator Benton. The explanation ad-
vanced for this is that Senator
Mcmahon will get a lot of Re-
publican and independent votes.
There appears justification for
this supposition. Senator Nc
Mahon has done many favors in
Washington for Republicans,
(See LINCOLN, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1950-11-02

Ricans, acted in the hope of first
Staying President Truman and
then precipitating a revolution in
this country to abet the National
ist cause of independence for
Puerto Rico. Government officials
said.
Collazo Admits Staying Motive.
Secret Service Chief U. E..
Baughman quoted Collazo as say
ing: I'VE came here for the ex-
press purpose of shooting the
President"
Security further was strength
ened around Collazo today when
he was transferred by ambulance
from Emergency to Gallinger
where better guard facilities are
available.
Unshaven and his hair unruly,
Collazo stared upward as he was
(See SHOOTING. Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1950-11-02
Virginia and Maryland Stand
ToGoin House Seats in Census
802,178 Final Toto Population for D. c.,
With National Figure at $50, ,697 ,361

of the United States was exactly
0,697.361, as of April l of this
year. The total represents a
growth of more than 19 million
over the 1910 census-the largest
population increase in the Ma
tion's history.
The final tabulation showed
several significant changes from
the preliminary totals announced
earlier. Among them was the
population Of the District which
cracked the 100000 mark. turning
in final total Of 8o2,178 residents
several thousand above earlier
tabulations.
On the basis of the State count
(See CENSUS, Page A-6)
Evening star., 1950-11-02
Heat Waves End
Forecast Tonight
With 15-Degree Dip

The warm spell may bow out
with scattered showers early to-
night ushering in a Is to 20 degree
drop in temperature by tomor-
row, the Weather Bureau pre-
dicted.
The 83-degree November rec
ord set in 1929 was broken by yes
terday's IS degrees.
A low tonight of about so was
predicted, rising to about IS to-
morrow.
The Districts Sanitation Divi-
sion, ever mindful of the coming
winter, started placing sand boxes
on heavily travelled streets despite
the warm weather. The sand was
placed at the foot OF steep hills
and other spots where ice may
create a hazard.
Evening star., 1950-11-02
40 Divisions by 1853
lis Atlantic Pact Goal
For Western Europe
Moch Reveals France
Expects to Supply Half;
Will Oppose Germans
BY the Assoeioied Press

French Defense Minister Jules
Moch says the Atlantic pact ma
tions plan to have 40 divisions on
"tl1e Western front" in Europe by
1858.
He disclosed this goal last night
during a news conference in which
IS Foreign Ministers Open Rome PorIey
on Europeon Army. Pose AZ
Evening star., 1950-11-02
Featured Reading
Inside Todoy's Star

GENEROSITY IN AcTloN-The teens
con be hoppy time, instead Of
troubled one. for our boys and girls.
The woy to make it so is explained on
Pose 81.
EuRoPE'S SOFT UNDERBELLY-"Eyey
mon Q serseont is the unspoken
slogan os Italy troins its Army. BIoir
Moody reports from Rome in the Iotest
Of bis Mediterranean area series on
Page e-l4.
Evening star., 1950-11-02
A Strange Question:
Vishinsky Says When
Asked About SHOOTING
BY the Associated Press

" TT'e FssoeIufeu FTSSS
NEW YORK. Nov. q
Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei
Y. Vishinsky was asked today
if he had any comment on
the attempted assassination
of President Truman.
Mr.. Vishinsky looked at the
newsmen. spread his hands in
a gesture and said: "A strange
question" Then he walked
on into the Assembly hall.
Evening star., 1950-11-02

IL am. when Secretary of Com
merce Sawyer reported to Presi-
dent Truman that the population
Evening star., 1950-11-02
BY Crosby S. Moves

Seven States including Mary
land and Virginia stand to gain
seats in the House of Representa-
tives and nine others will lose
one or more of those they now
hold as the result of the 1850
Census of Population. it was an
nounced today.
The final results Of the 17th
decennial count became official at
Table Of Official Population Figures by
Stotes ond Regions. Pooe AIS
Evening star., 1950-11-02
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, Nov. Mrs. Rosa
Collazo, Bronx housewife whose
husband tried to kill President
Truman yesterday, was held in
$4,000 bail today on charge of
conspiracy in the assassination at
tempt.
The plump. 42-year-old Puerto
Rican-born woman was arraigned
before United States Commissioner
Edward w. Mcdonald after ques-
tioning by Secret Service agents.
Lacking the bail money, she was
placed in a cell.
Her husband, 37-year-old Oscar
Collazo. whom she described as
a Puerto Rican revolutionist with
a burning zeal to gain the islands S
independence. was wounded in
the gun battle outside the Presi-
dents home.
Mrs. Collazo was accused of
conspiring with her husband and
Griselio Torresola, who was slain
in the assassination attempt, to
Continued on Page AS, Col. H.
Evening star., 1950-11-02
Three Puerto Ricans
Seized in CoIIazo's
New York Apartment
One Arrested Identified
As City's Leader of
Nationalist Porty
BULLETIN

NEW YORK (P).-Three men.
one of whom is the self-pro-
claimed leader OF the Puerto
Rican nationalist movement in
New York City. rere arrested
by Secret Service agents today.
They were seized at the apart
ment of Oscar Collazo. one Of
the two men who tried to assas-
sinate President Truman.