davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-07-03
Government Propaganda

The report Of House Civil Service subcom-
mittee on administrative shortcomings of the
Federal Security Agency reveals that at least
one bureau of the agency was unimpressed by
the Hoover Commissions task force criticism
OF Government propaganda" The Hoover
group particularly questioned the propriety If
not the legality, of some publicity activities of
the Social Security Administration The task
force asked: ITO what extent should admins
trative agencies funds not specifically appro-
priated for the particular purpose to promote
the extension of program beyond the limits
thus far established for it by the Congress- and
thus to put pressure on the Congress as whole
and sometimes on individual congressman in
particular to support the extension?"
The SSA answer-in effect-to this inquiry
may be found on page 10 of the House sub
committees report. The report quotes the fol-
lowing from "a forecast and guide" issued by
the SSAs Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors
Insurance for the first six months of this year:
I'm the light of the bureaus continuing goal
to advance economic security and of the fore
casts OF conditions in January-June 1850, our
priority guide for work in this period will be to
Cd obtain legislative changes, increasing bene-
fits broadening coverage and providing disability
insurance. Our first job will be to get the
needed facts and ideas to the members of
Congress as they consider the legislation )"
There are five other objectiveS, chiefly having
to do with administrative improvements, plans
for obtaining new building and program of
creating more understanding" of the bureaus
work
The Hoover report admitted that the prob
lem posed by such propaganda" is a complex
one. It pointed out that under the Constitution
the President has the duty of recommending
legislation to Congress which he considers
necessary and expedient." "If the President
has recommended program for the considera-
ton of Congress" the report continued, "he may
raise no objection to the activities OF admins
trative agencies under him in promoting that
program" Yet there is law forbidding use
Of Federal funds in any plan to influence men,
bers of Congress to favor or oppose legislation.
The House subcommittee made no specific
comments, critical or otherwise, regarding the
quoted guide" It did, however strongly
denounce the eoverstaffing" of the Federal
Security Agency in general and Of the Bureau
OF old-Age and Survivors Insurance in par
ticular The subcommittees report was marked
preliminary" Perhaps its later report will
Evening star., 1950-07-03
The Queer Case of Mr.. Pike

because OF the opposition of five members
OF the senatorial half of the Joint Congressional
committee on the Atom, it now appears unlikely
tnat there Will be any confirmation of the Presi-
dents reappointment of Summer Pike to the
Atomic Energy Commission The Senators nm
posed to him-four Republicans and one Demo-
crat-refuse to say just why they are opposed,
Ihey choose merely to remain mum on the
subject, not condescending to let the public i,
on what they seem to regard as their own little
secret.
To say the least, this is decidedly queer way
OF dealing with key appointment to one of
the Nations and the free worlds most important
agencies. 1t is queer not only because it runs
counter to the SenateS customary procedure in
such matters, but also because the man penalized
by it is a Maine Republican who has served on
the Acc ever since its inception and who has
been its acting chairman for the past several
months. As far as the record shows, he has
done fine job in a very difficult post but now
he apparently faces kind of summary dismissal
simply because five strategically placed Senators
are against him for reasons they have coyly
declined to give out.
This mystery-which looks slightly hshy-
ought not to be allowed to remain mystery.
# his opponents have valid objections to Mr.
Pike, why don't they cite them, or are they
just engaged in lot of petty political fnagling?
A sense of justice and common fairness, not to
mention the American peoples right to know
should impel the Senate as whole to insist on
some clear and fortnight answers. Otherwise
there will be good reason to suspect that the
whole business has been engineered for shabby
purposes.
Evening star., 1950-07-03
An Unsound Veto

The reasons given by President Truman for
vetoing the Hatch Act amendments are not very
convincing. Mr. Truman gave two grounds for
opposing the legislation First that if Federal
employees in nearby Washington areas are to be
permitted to engage in partisan political actiyi-
ties at the local level, Federal employees every
where should have the same privilege and,
second, that provision of the measure would
have encroached on the Presidents right to pro-
tect confidential papers.
II there were any nationwide clamor from
Federal employees for the right to participate in
local elections, the Presidents reasoning on the
provision to permit wider political activity by
Federal employees near Washington would have
more weight. But there Is no such clamor be-
cause there is no other area which presents the
unique conditions prevailing around the Capital.
What the President has overlooked, or was not
informed about, Is the fact that in some OF the
nearby counties certain so-called non-partisan
organizations have become virtually political or
ganizations themselves. Federal workers may
run under the banners of these non-partisan
political groups, but If an employe happens to
disagree with the policies of such group he is
debarred from participating in his local gov
ernment as an elected officer. This is dis
elimination that narrowly restricts the field of
candidates in local elections and possibly de-
prives some nearby communities of the services
Of able citizens who work for the Federal Gov
ernment. The proposed exemption would have
applied only to elections for local offices If the
employe engaged in political activities above the
local level he would be in violation of the Hatch
Act and subject to penalty-as he should be.
As for the Presidents right to protect con-
fidentfal papers "in the public interest" that is
unquestioned It is, however, hard to follow his
argument against the provision to require the
Civil Service Commission to supply Congress with
certain records in Hatch Act cases. Sponsors of
the bill contend 1t would have left discretion as
to selection Of records to the commissions that
the President still would have retained the right
TO withhold any confidential paper he pleased
Another part of the measure is so important
that 1t Is regrettable that the President saw fit
to reject the whole bill for the slim reasons
given. The main feature of the bill was the pro-
vision permitting the Civil Service Commission
to impose penalties lighter than dismissal for
Hatch Act offenses. This was not designed to
weaken, but rather to strengthen, the law. At
present the act is not being invoked against
minor yiolators because the mandatory dismissal
requirement is considered too stiff for small vio-
lations. Fortunately, the President is for this
change In the law. 1t is too bad this desirable
reform had to be killed along with the minor
provisions to which Mr.. Truman objected.
Evening star., 1950-07-03
Enforcing the Peace

The stock market slumped, but liberty
reached new high! Free men every
where will back our President with their
lives and fortunes.
. Our President spoke as an internation-
al peace enforcer carrying out the solemn
dedication Of our United Nations. BY
using our armed might to enforce the
peace against international gangsterism,
he has made aggressive war less likely.
II the atheists of Kremlin regard enforc-
ing the peace as an act Of war, they stand
self condemned before the bar Of history.
1t is to be expected that appeasers and
apologistS will indict our defense Of South
Korea as dangerous warmongering. II
there be such. let them openly declare the
indignities and outrages free peoples
should suffer before resisting slavery and
tyranny. Let them declare that line be-
yond which their appeasement Of ruth
less aggressors will not retreat. But for
the most of us who viii serve our Nation
on the battlefield. our President has
drawn q line we gladly will defend.
Thomas e. Mattingly. M. d.
Evening star., 1950-07-03
By o. M. Green

A T A RECENT MEETING in Peking
4 - of the Chinese Communist Party's
Committee, Mao Tse-tung announced.
that there are still 100000 bandits at
large in China, and there can be no
reduction yet Of the costly ~upkeep Of
the Red Army.
For those who know anything Of
China, 100000 seems probably an under
statement Only two southern prov
inces. Human and Kwangsi, and part
OF Kwangtung are mentioned in the re-
port as being infested with bandits.
Nothing Is said of Yunan. adjoining
Burma, which for years past has been
the stamping ground Of petty warlords:
nor Of the huge western province of
Szechuan. where strong independent
element. both anti Communist and anti
Kuomintang, exists: nor of the wild
northwestern tracts Of Kansu. Sinkiang
and Chinghai. The 100000 of Mao Tse-
tung may easily be less than half the
real number.
There always have been bandits, even
in the comparatively well-to-do coastal
provinces, and one would venture to say
there always will be. The best organ
lied, most respectable bands live by i'm
posing an annual levy on the farmers.
Even within so miles of Shanghai 1t is
possible to see houses with characters
splashed on the door stating that the
owners have paid their tax to the ban
dts
In former times, when the bandits
demands exceeded the bounds of reason,
the local Viceroy or Provincial Governor
invited them to join his troops, as q
much better and cheaper way of dis
posing of them than by an expensive
campaign. The famous Marshal Chang
Tso-lin of Manchuria was only one Of
many ex-bandits who thus started on
the ladder to greatness. Many Of the,
present Communist army were recruited
from the outlaws of North China.
The normal crop Of bandits must have
been enormously swollen by the relics Of
Chang Kai-shek's army. For his mon
ster campaign, begun in 1916. which was
forever to wipe out the Communists.
Chang announced national conscrip-
ton. No one knows how big his army
was. possibly not even Chang himself
since Chinese generals have habit Of
Evening star., 1950-07-03
Korea, the West and Armoments Aid

In voting 66 to 0, to authorize 81 ,222, 500 900
in ornaments aid for the second year of the
Mutual Defense Assistance Program, the Senate
has acted with unanimity that should impress
the whole world including particularly the
Soviet Union-with the fact that the Korean
crisis, like the ringing of great alarm bell, has
aroused and united all of America against the
threat Of Red aggression everywhere.
This Senate measure, which undoubtedly
will receive the overwhelming approval of the
House, covers every menaced region throughout
the globe. As far as Asia, the Middle East and
the Eastern Mediterranean are concerned it
clears the way for shipments of guns, tanks,
munitions and kindred military aid in the fol-
lowing quantities: For Greece and Turkey, $120
million; for the general area of China, SIS mill
lion, and for Iran, the Philippines and Korea,
$27.5 million, with SIG million of that sum spe-
ci1cally earmarked for the Koreans.
These figures, of course, do not reflect the
real extent of our actual and potential outlays
in the Asiatic region. Under the bill adopted by
the Senate, for example, the Presidents authority
is flexible enough to permit him to devote as
much as 5000 million of the MDAP's total author
lied funds to Korean aid Further none of this
arithmetic takes into account the money we will
be spending out of our own defense budget to
support the land, sea and air operations that
nave pe6n OTQeTSQ III an 6uOrL TO save southern
Korea prevent Chinese Red attack on Formosa
and strengthen our bases in the Philippines.
AS a matter of fact, the MDAP-as drawn up
by the administration and enacted by the Sem
ate-is designed primarily not for Asia, but for
Western Europe. The bulk of the program-$1
billion in aid during fiscal 1951-has been set
aside to strengthen the defenses of our overseas
allies in the Atlantic Pact. Those allies are stu-
ated in region of the world whose great indus
tries, rich resources, skilled manpower and long
established democracies make it strategically far
more important than the predominantly agri-
cultural and relatively chaotic Far East-an area
that would be overshadowed by the West, in
terms of military priorties, should another gobal
war break out.
This is point that needs to be kept in mind
these days. The Korean situation and the possi-
bility of other grave events in Asia and the Far
Pacific should not be allowed to blind us to the
fact that the Atlantic Community Western Eu-
rope-is still the point of prime strategic signif-
canoe to the free world.
In short, the free world faces the enormously
difficult problem of holding the line against Red
aggression in Asia while at the same time doing
its best to make sure that Western Europe win
be safe. The Mutual Defense Assistance Program
is meant to accomplish that purpose and it can
do SO in due course If Russia does not strike.
Unfortunately, however that if" is so big that we
may find soon-as Senator Lodge has warned
that we may have to raise our sights much higher
than we have in this measure to provide aid to
our friends abroad.
Evening star., 1950-07-03
Segregation

III the beginning Zoo cfcaCeQ many
things which. for obvious reasons, He
divided and subdivided into many groups
and subgroups. He did not make all
flowers with pointed leaves to grow one
foot in height, nor did He make them
all yellow. He did not make all fish with
scales. He did not make all birds red.
Neither did He make all men white.
These divisions and subdivisions do
not seem to have been for the purpose
Of separating good from bad or for sep
arating bad from worse, but in order
that variety Of purposes might be
served.
Most OF Gods creatures, either by
natural habit or instinct, have main
tanned system Of separating themselves
into the groups and subgroups in which
they have been placed, thereby not per-
mitttng their natural differences to de-
teriorate into obscurity, resulting in the
eventual extinction of all but one of the
subgroups. In the few instances in which
the less intelligent creatures overstep
their natural boundaries. the fact be-
comes newSworthy and is reported under
such captions as Mother Cat Adopts
Baby Foxes" or Robin WEEDS Wren.'
In the case of man, segregation of the
groups and ssubgroups has. to an increas-
ing extent. come to be looked upon as q
fearsome thing. It seems to me most
normal that that which is alike should
be segregated from that which is diff
ferent refuse to believe the propa-
ganda OF our social do gooders and po-
litical connivers who claim discrimina-
Evening star., 1950-07-03
Communist China las Bondit9ProbIen

the Communist jargon puts IT'D Served
the interests OF feudalism and imperial
ISM" have resulted in much unemploy-
ment and something near to an economic
crisis.
The evils were frankly admitted in q
long May Day review of the state Of the
nation by Liu Shao Chi. the second most
powerful man in China. They were
driven home atsa recent conference in
Peking, which lasted q whole fortnight,
between the state trading officials and
private merchants, when the latter spoke
with force and feeling.
"Your much advertised New Democ-
racy," the merchants said In effect,
promised fair cooperation between
state and private enterprise. But what
are the facts? The state Is monopoliz-
ing one line Of trade after another. It
is even opening Its own shops all over
the place. You squeeze out Of us every
penny we have. Our business is ruined.
And as for, work and wages for our work
men, there just are not any"
The result was compromise. State
control and regulation Of prices, the
Communists pointed out, must continue.
But the balance between the merchants
eAA4 eAAO CveSsO SAloAA6 VIC N0JuotCC, bklEy
should be free to trade and to distribute
goods. and they should be assured Of
reasonable profit. AS guarantee Of those
promises, some of the most unpopular
state monopolies in South China are
stated to have been abolished.
The Communists mo one would dis
pute it-are clever men. They know that
the success Of their experiment stands or
falls ON economics: on their ability to
give the Chinese people better liveli-
hood. 1t may be that the ultra-Marxist
fanatics have been riding the country
too hard. But prosperity cannot be re-
covered at present without the good win
and ingenuity Of the private trader, big
and little. And there is still the crush
ing cost Of the million troops needed
to put down the bandits. Concessions
are Inevitable.
But one aspect of this Peking confer
ence deserves special notice. It indi-
Gated that even among Communists, the
Chinese gift for compromise still works.
AS one looks to the future of China, that
surely is hopeful sign.
observer Foreign News service.)
Evening star., 1950-07-03
A Song of Love

Guard it eper faithful;
Hold 1t eDer fast:
It's the only treasure
That tDiH euer last.
Be your heart its garden;
Your care its sun and shade:
'Tis the only foiDer
That tDiu neper fade.
Keep its rapture singing:
Let all else 90 by.
'Tis the only music
That iDiu never die.
Follo,o it. though rugged
Be the path and strange:
'Tis the only beauty
That iDiu neDer change.
ARCHIBALD RUTLEDGE.
Evening star., 1950-07-03

ton against racial and religious groups.
admire man who stands by his con-
victions, and unless some of our present
crop Of political leaders change their con-
victions, sincerely hope they stand by
those convictions with a tenacity that
will force the voters to return them to
the remote corners from which they
came.
have done no intentional harm to
the Negroes, Chinese, Jews or Indians.
I plan them no harm. and wish them
well. do not hold that God has made
me better than they. do hold that He
made me different than they. and in
tended that be permitted the freedom
Of defending that difference by the So
called discriminatory practice Of segre-
CATION.
Evening star., 1950-07-03
Responsibility

Our present position in world leader
ship makes it mandatory that we accept
our responsibility to the peoples Of the
globe. There are many things the United
States can do but hasn't done. We
haven't, for instance, offered SIS billion
to the United Nations to help nations
develop their economic wealth. Yet we
are expending in the armament race $13
billion. The American point of view seems
to be that since we have never done this
Evening star., 1950-07-03
Questions and Answers

The stars readers can get the answer TO
any question Of fact By either writing The
NV. Washington 5. D. C.. and inclosing cents
return postage, or by telephoning ST. 5000.
Evening star., 1950-07-03
Letters to The Star
A pseudonyip Is permissible only
znhen letter carries correct name
and address of priter. Please be brief.

through other than the ECA. we have
no such obligation nor responsibility to
the peoples of the world.
This Is wrong. We are not willing to
accept these obligations and responsible
ties, but this mere technicality Of legal
or verbal non-recognition does not take
from us the moral responsibility. Ours
because we are the only ones who can
produce economic leadership. The well
fare of the human race is dependent in
history upon, those who are capable of
improving the lot Of the people. If we.
accept this burden, we are morally re-
sponsible: If we do not accept it, we are
morally irresponsible. laa
People everywhere feel, think, love.
hate just like us. The fact that they
may be separated from us by legal bar
riers of political rule does not absolve us
Of our responsibility. This does not divide
them morally from us. 1t is our obliga-
tiony to help them willingly and to launch
a Developments program for 20 years
which might involve 80 billions Of dollars.
! America must arise above provincial
ism as we find it expressed in the narrow
interest of mere. self advancement. The
American Congress must take. a world
view, q moral view, of its obligation and
responsibility to the peoples Of America
and Of the world. The world can move
forward under greater vision and greater
leadership, but at present we are acting
as though we cannot see the way.
Haywood Cleveland Mcmillan.
Evening star., 1950-07-03
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

@. Where was Chain Weizmann, the
President of Israel. born?-W. j. K
A. He was born in an obscure Russian
village. Motel, on November 81. 1874, the
third Of Is children. His father, Oser
Weizmann, was lumber merchant.
Evening star., 1950-07-03

show whether there is any relation between
the overstaffing and the campaigning for
Legislative changes"
Evening star., 1950-07-03

Q. Is school attendance compulsory in
all the States?-F. F.
A. Since 1918 compulsory school at
tendance laws have existed in all the
States.
Evening star., 1950-07-03

@. What city in Alabama ranks next
to Birmingham in industrial importance2
-E. w. E.
A. Gadsden. It is the fourth largest
city in the State and in 1910 was classi-
fled as the fastest growing city in the
United States in national survey.
Evening star., 1950-07-03

O. What is the greatest height at
which an airplane can be seen with the
naked eyes?-D. c..
A. The maximum altitude at which an
airplane is visible to the naked, normal
eyes on q clear day is believed to be
about $4,000 feet.
Q. May cargo vessel be referred to
rs liner?-J. D. G.
A. The term is correctly used in refer
ence to any trading vessel used on par
ticular route with regular sailings. Lin
ers range from ordinary freighters to the
largest passenger vessels.
Evening star., 1950-09-21
Hoffman Predicts Soviet Revolt
In Addressing Foreign Editors
Suggests UpheovoI
Moy Occur by 1860
IfTensions Continue

The people of Russia will revolt
within the next 10 years and over
: throw their Kremlin rulers. ECAI
Administrator Paul Hoffman pre-
dicted yesterday before Is visiting
foreign editors.
"If we can keep Russia of bal
ence," Mr.. Hoffman said, "the
people Of Russia will revolt when
there is a division in the Kremlin
Of the top leadership.
THAT is certain to come. I
don't know when it will come, may
be it will be at Stains death,
but 1t will come.
"It is not too much to believe
that before 1860, If tensions con-
tinue to build up, If there is
split in the top, as I believe may
occur, there will be either change
In the direction of thinking in
Russia, or a complete new deal"
Long Spending Period Ahead.
Meanwhile, Mr.. Hoffman said,
the United States will have to
spend between $125 and $3.50 bill
lions over the next three years
to build up its military strength
to deter Russian aggression.
In knocking down Russian prop
aganda charges that the United
States is preparing for aggression,
Mr.. Hoffman declared:
eff we were contemplating ag-
gression, we in the United States
would have to be spending $3.50
billion a year to build up our
military strength"
States Series of Arguments.
He predicted the Kremlin rulers
would not dare to take the ini-
tiative in sending their 300 divi-
sions off to war and advanced the
following supporting arguments:
/. The United States has better
and more atomic bombs.
2. After the Korean incident,
the Communists know they can
not take over Western Europe by
a coup and hold it. They know
they would be in for "long,
tough, hard war which would ruin
Russia along with the rest of the
world"
8. The Kremlin is far from
satisfied that the 200 or more
divisions it would have to send
out might not be contaminated
by the liberal West" such as
happened after the last war.
Reds Expect U. S. UpheavaI.
4. The Soyiets are again bank
ing on the belief that the United
States and the Western powers
will fall of their own weight be-
cause they are growing weak by
using up their resources for re-
armament. He said the "sooth-
sayers" in Moscow who predicted
q depression in the United States
after the last war are now in
Siberia.
Mr.. Hoffman denounced talk
of preventive war" as immoral
and impractical"
"The day the first atom bomb
Is dropped" he said. "the Rus
sian army will march toward the
Atlantic"
Outlining his own views for
combating Soviet Communism.
Mr.. Hoffman said the economic