davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-02-25
World Bank Policy

The International Bank for Reconstruction
and Development, often called the World Bank,
was founded to promote international investment,
especially by lending its funds to specific projects
which, while technically and managerially sound,
might not be sufficiently attractive to obtain pr
vate capital. With the crying need for develop
ment in so many parts of the world it is not
strange that the bank finds it difficult to main
tain policy both economically constructive and
financially sound.
The sort of pressure it is under was recently
revealed in the Economic and Social Council of
the United Nations, when number of AsiaSic
and Latin American members voiced strong
criticism of the banks allegedly restrictive
policies The critics urged the bank to "show
little more heart" charge less interest and take
more risks in making loans, pointing out that
it is not using anything like its available loan
capital.
In answer, the banks president, Eugene R.
Black, replied that he likewise regretted the fact
that the bank was not functioning at full capacity
But he went on to explain that many of the loan
applications were for projects ill-prepared ILL
planned and not ready for immediate execution.
To extend loans on such projects would violate
sound banking principles contemplated in the
banks charter. For the bank to lower its
Standards" he maintained, would, in my judg-
ment, be a disservice to our members and would
impair our ultimate effectiveness" Furthermore
he pointed out that much of the banks working
capital obtained from the sale OF its securities
to private investors which, in practice, meant
the American money market Unless banking
standards of the institution were kept on sound
basis, 1t would be quite difficult" to raise such
funds.
President Blacks reply to his critics would
seem to be fairly conclusive. In the first three
and-one-half years of its life, the bank has made
loans aggregating fully $3.50 million. That ap
pears considerable contribution to international
reconstruction and development.
Evening star., 1950-02-25

not allowed to take part in any organ
lied sports.
The girls wear blue skirts, white
blouses and blue ties. In the Hitler
movement. they wore black skirts. white
blouses and black ties. The boys wear
blue ties as against black ties under
Hitler.
Deputy Minister President Walter
Ulbricht has promised these youngsters
the opportunity Of travel to the Soviet
Union and all other countries under the
heel of Russia. He didn't say that in so
many words, either. He called those
countries "The peoples democratic
countries
Hitler. in his day. promised them
travel to Italy and Japan.
Once they stood chanting "We want
Hitler! We want Hitler!" Now. in the
same square, they call, "We want Ul-
BRIGHT! We want Ulbricht!"
Evening star., 1950-02-25
Letters to he Star
pseudonyna is permissible only
When letter carries correct name
and address of Writer. Please be brief

profits, they should revert to those who
create the wealth.
Banks are allowed to make a legal
rate OF interest. Why can't that be ap-
piled to all industry? 49,.
II the coal operators refuse to make
and sign just and legal contract
then let the Government use force. Not
only on the poor devil who is supposed
to perform the labor, but on the opera
tors as well.
There should be justice and equality
in all things. There is enough of every
thing for all. The great trouble in this
world is some people have too much
while others have not enough
l hope to live to see the time come
when labor, at the polls, can dispense
with crooked politicians who seem to
think that big business is entitled to the
lions share and that the working man
should be thankful, meek and submis-
sive, and should bow to the tyranny of
these ignominious lords and task masters.
r. E. S.
More on Cardozo- Central Move,
And Brotherhood Week Suggestion
Never before has the colored popu-
lation been SO disturbed as it is now
when the reactionary interests oppose
so vigorously the chance for Cardozo
public high school students to have
equal educational facilities. In one area,
that OF physical education, Cardozo pu-
pills have been deprived for 10 years of
the curriculum offerings that require
adequate gymnasia and athletic fields
The boy athletes of Cardozo have had
to travel miles at great expense to prac-
tice or play their games, whereas such
has not been the lot of other citizen
children.
The so-called boys gymnasium is an
old janitors room about so by 20 feet
with ceiling pipes so low that their
hands strike the pipes in overhead
swings with jumps. The basketball goal
is about seven feet from the floor. One
class exercises in the narrow hall in
the basement where it is impossible to
open ranks with a platoon of threes.
If Cardozo boys and girls go to Gen.
trail no Central boys or girls will be
deprived of gymnasium or playfeld
space, no matter to which school they
may be assigned. In fact, there is no
good reason why Central cannot still
be a community center for all. since the
Recreation Department is planning to
operate more of its centers on a non
racial basis. It ought to be possible,
with careful scheduling, for all the high
schools to use the Wilson Stadium for
games.
AS an idea for Brotherhood Week, why
not begin some intercultural education
in our schools through the athletic pro-
Evening star., 1950-02-25
By Judy Barden

BY Judy Barden
RERLIN.-"How lucky the Russians
IL are! They don't have to teach the
Germans anything new-the Germans
learned 1t all under Hitler!'
This remark was made by an embit-
tered German correspondent regarding
the Free German Youth Movement in
the Russian zone Of Germany.
Recently, a law for the support OF
youth was passed by the East German
Democratic" Republic. 1t calls for all
members of the movement to be given
good working positions. good pay and
good holidays.
1t is not said in so many words, but it
means any boy who doesn't belong to the
youth organization won't get job. 1t
means his only place to play if he is not
OF working age Is the street. and he is
Evening star., 1950-02-25
The Asmoro Riots

The bloody rioting between Moslems and
native Christians in Asmara, capital OF ltalys
former colony of Eritrea, directs attention to the
tangled problem involved in the disposal OF that
country Ethiopia (Abyssinia) is the CHIEF
claimant but Britain's interests and those OF the
Anglo Egyptian Sudan are likewise involved.
Since its conquest from the Italians In the late
war, the British have exercised authority over the
colony, but its future status is in the hands OF
the United Nations, and u NJ commission OF
inquiry is now on the spot to study the matter.
Eritrea was the oldest of Italy's colonies, Its
ACQUISITION dating from the 1880s. Stretching
along the southern coast of the Red Sea, its
littoral is hot, dry and : 'abited by nomaolc
Moslems of Somali stock. But the hlnterland Is
q mountainous plateau with cool climate ana
adequate rainfall. Part OF this region was
formerly dependency of Abyssinia and many OF
the inhabitants are Coptic Christians speaking an
Abyssinian dialect. It is this element Whlcn
wants annexation to Ethiopia while the Etnl-
opian government itself desires to include the
coast thereby gaining access to the sea- HOW"
ever the Moslems are everywhere bitterly opposed
to the prospect of Ethiopian rule. 1t is this
antagonsm, nationalist as well as religious in
character, which has caused series OF dis
turbances of which the recent riots are merely
the latest manifestations. The situation is fur
ther complicated by the presence OF a large
Italian element, the prewar colonists having been
swelled by the numerous Italians who had settled
in Ethiopia after the italian conquest OF that
country in 1886. Most of them are concentrated
in or about Asmara, which has become Euro
pean city with some fifty thousand Italian resi-
dents. Naturally, they, like the Moslems, are
strongly against being turned over to Ethiopia.
Since an italian trusteeship on the model Of
that recently granted by the U. N. for Italian
somaliland appears remote possibility the
Italian and Moslem elements presumably favor
some other form of trusteeship looking toward
eventual independence-in fact anything except
cession to Ethiopia
Evening star., 1950-02-25
Various Views Regarding
Mr.. Lewis and His Miners

Permit me to express surprise at your
editorial commenting on John L. Lewis
sincere" request or command that the
miners go back to work. It is said that
Lewis is exempt from blame and cannot
be classed with the Winers who hout the
Governments courts and turn their
hearts against public sufferings.
But who said before any action was
taken that the miners would not be
forced to work.? Who spoke of the Taft
Hartley bill with singing contempt. in
sinuating that no workingman with
sense " dignity would dig coal under
such a law? How can Lewis or anyone
suggest that he is guiltless in this act
Of freezing the public. closing its schools,
interfering with carriers that serve our
people, when he publicly declared that
the mine workers would not obey an
order from the Government to work
unless certain demands from the miners
were met?
No man in the Nation is more guilty
OF sins against our people than John L.
Lewis. JOHN o. KNOTT.
Merely as suggestion on how to
make the coal miners 60 back to work
and end the coal strike: Let every strik-
ing miner be cut off from his local living
commodities. Let the merchant, the
baker, the barber, the butcher, the doc
tor, the gasoline, light, water and gas
companies say to him, Since you see
fit not to serve us, we see fit not to serve
you" JOHN F. NEEDHAM.
AS I peruse the columns of the daily
paper begin to wonder if this is truly
that grand and glorious country, the
land of the free and the home Of the
brave. This seems to be the land where
Congress votes itself an increase in
salary, and where 1t is not unusual for
executives of large corporations to re-
ceive large salaries plus great bonuses.
Why should some few live in luxury
and extravaganza at the expense of
the masses who create this wealth?
This controversy between the miners
and the operators is all uncalled for. I
have spent 40 years in the coal mines.
I know how the miners work and how
they live. They are permitted to earn
enough to keep body and soul together.
so they can work today to pay for
what they ate the day before.
If it were not for labor there could
be no capital. Why should Congress and
men like Taft and Hartley make and
pass laws to brow beat labor and try to
Starve them into submission. Capital
should have a fair profit on the money
invested, but where there are excess
Evening star., 1950-02-25
Drastic Conservation Necessary

1t is gratifying to learn that the Federal
stockpile of coal is sufficient to keep public schools
and other District institutions open for at least
three weeks more. But the news does not justify
any relaxation in enforcing conservation meas
ures designed to extend the supply of fuel. In
fact these measures will have to assume more
drastic FORM not only within governmental
circles but throughout the CITY, If the coal strike
continues very much longer.
More than lowered thermoStat readings Will
be required to offset the city's dwindling coal
piles The order cutting off further deliveries
of soft coal to churches theaterS and other places
of public assembly and reducing rations for office
buildings are moves in the right direction, harsh
as they may seem. Unfortunately, churches
probably will be harder hit by the coal embargo
than theaters and amusement centers, for most
churches rely on soft coal for heat whereas the
majority of local theaters are heated by oil.
Perhaps theaters and other halls using oil will
see fit to aid the churches by offering their facii-
ties for ', orship during certain hours. This would
be a fine gesture and one that would tend to
ease the plight of churchgoers.
There have been disturbing reports OF tenn
peratures in some coal-heated buildings reaching
to the middle seventies. With less than weeks
supply of soft coal available for local commercial
USE such prohigate use of short supplies is In
excusable There must be the fullest compliance
with emergency conservation measures on the
part of every one concerned if the dire effects OF
the fuel shortage are to be held to minimum.
Evening star., 1950-02-25
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

BY 1HE HASh1N SLnv1SL
O. What European countries begin the
week with Monday instead OF Sunday
H. F. F.
A. In France and Spain the first day
of the week is usually considered to be
Monday. The best practical proof OF
this is that the calendars OF those coun-
tries are printed so that Monday IS
usually the first day of the week. This
idea may have arisen from the fact
that after creating the world God rested
on the seventh day.
O. What is tumbling weed?-R. M.
A. Tumbling weed is any coarse an
nual weed. such as Russian thistle. IN
which the plant branches into globular
form and in the fall breaks of at the
roots and rolls with the wind.
@. When Indian lands are made into
national monuments must the land be
paid fora. L. l..
A. According to the Bureau OF lndlan
Affairs land on Indian reservations can
not be withdrawn for monuments WITH
out special legislation and just COM
pensation to the Indian land owners.
Q. What Is the origin OF Cne super
stition relating to the weather on
Grounding Day?-G. C. T.
A. The origin is lost in antiquity.
February 2 is Candlemas. and it was
festival in very early Christian times.
In some parts of Europe animals do
not enter into the weather prediction;
in other sections the bear or the badger
or the hedgehog are supposed to emerge
from their Information like the ground
hog or woodchuck in this country.
Evening star., 1950-02-25
Auditorium for Ballet and Opera

Every time a ballet company appears in
Washington there is complaint that no audi
torium or theater available to the art OF dancing
is adequate for truly artistic presentation. This
notably was true when the Sadler's Wells group
was here few weeks ago. and it has been true
again in relation to the efforts of the Ballet
Russo de Monte Carlo last Saturday, Sunday and
Monday evenings. Crowds of people applauded
these dancers, yet everybody who watched them
perform must have been conscious Of their diff
culties on the narrow stage of Constitution Hall
q platform never intended for any such use.
OF course nothing new distinguishes the
problem Washington never has had an ideal
temple of dance Even when the famous bal
lerina Fanny Essler came here on July g. 1910,
the New National Theater in which she was seen
was not proper setting for her genius. It was
too small, exactly as local audtoriums of 1850 are
too small for the purpose of ballet. large stage
is needed. The same observation applies to space
for the accommodation of audiences numerous
enough to justify dance drama productions.
Constitution Hall invariably is sold out when
q ballet is offered within its walls, despite the
fact of its inadequacy. What is wanted is
theater designed and constructed in line with
modern conceptions of the art of dancing. No
auditorium now extant in Washington meets the
demand Neither is there any place of assembly
suited to opera available. Perhaps the first step
toward providing theater for both types OF
entertainment should be meeting OF all the
many different groups interested IN the subject
Such a gathering might be held in Constitution
Hall and representatives of the Daughters OF the
Evening star., 1950-02-25

American Revolution well might be invited to
take part If only that they might have an oppor-
tunity to say whether the OAR would consider
remodelng their auditorium to provide the facili-
ties which both ballet and opera require. The
alternative procedure probably would be cam
paign to raise funds for an entirely new building
Evening star., 1950-02-25

gram? A few years ago, in the days OF
good old Mr.. Hart, Eastern Highs cross
country team twice competed with the
teams of Divisions XIII. The boys
liked the experience. Eastern's basket
ball team Of some years ago voted will
ingly to play team on which there
were colored players. The schoolboy
athletes who compete in track in Balti-
more, Philadelphia and New York do
not mind contests with colored boys.
Central and Eastern amateur boxers
compete willingly in the amateur box
ing tournaments in the city.
I submit that through the fields Of
art. music and athletics the schools have
a wonderful opportunity to condition our
youth for life in the world Of tomorrow.
Even under the aegis Of the dual sys-
tenn some intercultural progress could be
made. This is the time. There Is none
better. E. B. HENDERSON.
Vice Pres, D. C.-NAACP.
Can a Man Decide for Himself
To Whom He'll Sell His Goods?
Regarding the old law banning race
distinctions in restaurants here, would
like to see somebody point out in the
Federal Constitution where anybody is
given power to tell anybody else where
he shall deal or to whom he shall sell.
A person has a natural right, not
franchise right, to operate restaurant,
and he has natural, and not fran
chise right, to sell to whom he pleases.
That is one of the inalienable rights.
Likewise anybody has a right to buy
from Cr refroip fror, h,yviYo from anv-
body but his own choice. would take
this to be self-evident, and fixed prin-
ciple of the common law and Of this
country's law as we'll.
GEORGE WASHINGTON WILLIAMS.
More Support for Adelbert Lee,
Whom Star Urged to Keep 1t Up"
If you had printed the headline, Keep
1t Up Mr.. Lee" and stopped right there,
you would have done the public schools
a great service, instead Of the disservice
you did them with the editorial invita-
ton for Mr.. Lee to resign.
MI. Lee may not always be right But
it is such men as Mr.. Lee (of whom
there are far too few who keep the
Superintendent of Schools on his toes.
because he knows Mr.. Lee has the CUTS
to call his hand when he is wrong.
If you want rubber stamp Board Of
Education let's just scrap the Board and
its expensive clerical staff and hand all
this power over to the Superintendent.
And see where we 60.
The United States has not yet gone
Communist, and at least in theory we
are still democracy. Let's have some
more Mr.. Lees. JAMES A. JOHNSON.
Evening star., 1950-02-25

Many Of those who once wore the
black tie have remembered what it
brought them-poverty, disgrace and
humiliation. Students in the Eastern
Berlin University have been secretly
handing out pamphlets. They ask their
colleagues not to vote for a member of
the youth movement to be on the stu
dent council.
These men know what it was not to be
allowed to have an opinion.
But theirs is a dangerous job. One
mistake will put them in concentration
camp for five years, maybe forever 1T
is worth it," said one boy. MY father
tells me freedom is the only thing to
fight for"
Neither he nor his father ever expert
enced camp" Those who have aren't
taking any such risks.
North American Newspaper Aliancs)
Evening star., 1950-02-25
Questions and Answers

A reader can get the answer to any question
of fact by writing The Star Information Bureau
100 Eye street NV. washington :, d. Y.
Please inclose 8 cents for return postage.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1950-04-26

their chosen fields should take jobs
in a related field or a post-gradu-
ate course in the same or related
fields in order to improve his
chances.
He said chances of obtaining
desired employment were brightest
in nursing, medicine and dentistry.
pharmacy, social work, clinical
psychology and health services.
Good opportunities are also for
veterinarians, medical X-ray tech
nicians, medical laboratory tech
nicians, dental h%ygienists, physical
therapists, occupational therapists
and dieticians.
There is also an acute shortage
of personnel" in the elementary
schools, but a growing "oversupply
at the high school level"
Among the over crowded pro-
LESSONS are those of law, chem
istry and journalism.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1950-04-26
Labor Dept. Sees Job
Scarcity for Cole
giuns In Next Two Yrs.

ATLANTIC CITY, N. J.-(ANP)
June College graduates will find
the picking slim for the next two
years in the occupations for which
they have been trained. This dis
quieting information was given
out here recently by EVAN Claque,
commissioner of labor statistics
of the Department of Labor.
Speaking of the American Col
lege Personnel association, Claque
said job prospects for June Col
lege graduates are worse now
than at any time since the end of
the war" He added that the sit
uation does not look any better
for 1851 and 1852"
1t is estimated that this years
crop of college graduates will reach
a record total of 5000. Many
graduates will seek jobs in profess
sional, semi-professional and ad-
ministrative classes.
Claque recommended that those
unable to secure employment in
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1950-04-26
RACIAL WORK BRINGS HONOR

It's just a stones throw from
the business center of Portland a.
ros to Vancouver, Wn., where
Mark Smith, Washington State
president of the N.A.A.C.P and
chairman of the Vancouver branch
association, has been honored by
the National Urban League for his
outstanding achievement as a cit
izen of the United States for 1885,"
it was learned last Friday.
Smith, a member of the Portland
Urban Leagues executive board,
was cited specifically for his work
in helping improve the economic
opportunities for Negroes through
interracial cooperation. The cita.
ton is signed by Lester B. Grang.
er, executive director of the Nat.
ional Urban League, and Winthrop
Rockefeller, chairman of the Lea.
gue's award committee. The hon
oree is tenant relations officer fol
the Vancouver housing authority.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1950-04-26

DO WE MODERNs NEED
THE MAN OF GALILEE"-What
have we to do with Thee, Thy
Man of Galilee? was the sermon
discourse of Rev. ]. e. Roberts,
at Bethel A.M.E. church Sunday
A. M, April 16. Emphasis on the
subject seemed to fit and reach
each worshipper. as the speaker
in part said. 'in our modern way
of acting, thinking and doing, do
we need Jesus? Actually, sensible
people asking crazy questions in
this day Of III cultural fashions
we don't seem to need God. Yes,
but we do. We need him because
we're wild, confused, bewildered,
crazy. If we've ever needed God 1t
is in this generation. Don't drive
away the thing you need-God. We
can't act, think and do right with
out God-need Him because We've
sinned- we've made ourselves
slaves to SCHEDULED isn't means
and methods-but the objective.