davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1950-01-13

time, offer to hold these Island un-
der trusteeship of the United Ma
tions. But they are essential parts
of the defensive perimeter of the
Pacific, and they must and will be
held
The defensive perimeter runs
from the Ryukyus to the Philippine
Islands. Our relations, our defen-
sive relations with the Philippines,
are contained in agreements be-
tween us. Those agreements are
being Loyalty carried out and will
be Loyalty carried out Both peoples
have learned by bitter experience
the vital connections between our
mutual defense requirements. We
are in no doubt about that and it
is hardly necessary for me to say
an attack on the Philippines could
not and would not be tolerated by
the United States. But I hasten
to add that no one perceives the
imminence of any such attack.
Security of Areas.
So far as the military security of
other areas in the Pacific is con-
cerned, it must be clear that no
person can guarantee these areas
against military attack. But it must
also be clear that such a guarantee
is hardly sensible or necessary
within the realm of practical rela-
tionship.
But it is mistake, I think, in
considering Pacific and Far East
Iern problems to become obsessed
with military considerations. I'M
portant as they are, there are other
problems that press, and these
other problems are not capable of
solution through military means.
These other problems arise out of
the susceptibility of many areas
and many countries in the Pacific
area to subversion and penetration.
That cannot be stopped by military
means.
The susceptibility to penetration
arises because, in many areas, there
are new governments which have
little experience in governmental
administration and have not be-
come firmly established or perhaps
firmly accepted in their countries.
They grow in part from very Sc
rious economic problems, some of
them growing out directly from the
last war, others growing indirectly
out OF the last war because of the
Inscriptions of trade with other
parts of the world, with the disrup-
ton Of arrangements which fur
nished credit and management to
these areas for many years.
That has resulted in dislocation
of economic effort and in a good
deal of suffering among the peoples
concerned. In part, this suscepti-
bility. to penetration comes from
the great social upheaval about
which I have been speaking-an
upheaval which was carried on and
confused great deal by the jap
anese occupation and by the propa-
ganda which has gone on from So
Wet sources since the war. -
That leads me to the other thing
that wanted to point out and that
is the limitation of effective Ameri-
can assistance. American assistance
can be effective when it is the miss
ing component in a situation which
might otherwise be solved. The
Evening star., 1950-01-13

to remember that we must not seize
the unenviable position which the
Russians have carved out for them
selves
We must not undertake to defect
from the Russians to ourselves the
righteous anger and the wrath and
the hatred of the Chinese people
which must develop. 1t would be
folly to defect it to ourselves. We
must take the position we have al
ways taken-that anyone who vio-
lates the integrity of China is the
enemy of China and is acting con-
trary to our own interest. That, ]
suggest to you this afternoon, is the
first and the greatest rule in regard
to the formulation of American
policy toward Asia.
The consequences of this Russian
attitude and this Russian action in
China are perfectly enormous. They
are saddling all those in China who
are proclaiming their loyalty to
Moscow, and who are allowing
themselves to be used as puppets of
Moscow, with the most awful re-
sponsibility which they must pay for
Furthermore, these actions of the
Russians are making palmer than
any speech or any utterance or any
legislation can make throughout all
OF Asia what the true purposes of
the Soviet Union are and what the
true function of communism as an
agent of Russian imperialism is.
These I suggest to you are the fun
damental factors, fundamental reali-
ties of attitude out of which our
relations and policies must grow.
Military Security.
Now let's in the light of that,
consider some of these policies.
First of all, let's deal with the ques-
tion of military security. I deal
with 1t first because it is important
and because, having stated our pol
icy in that regard, we must clearly
understand that the military
menace is not the most immediate.
What is the situation in regard
to the military security of the
Pacific area, and what is our policy
in regard to it?
In the first place the defeat and
the disarmament of Japan has
placed upon the United States the
necessity of assuming the military
defense of Japan so long as that
is required, both in interest of our
security and in the interests of the
security of the entire Pacific area
and, in all honor, in the interest of
Japanese security. We have. Ameri-
can and there are Australian troops
in Japan. I am not in position to
speak for the Australians, but can
assure you that there is no inten-
tion of any sort of abandoning or
weakening the defense of Japan,
and that whatever arrangements
are to be made either through
permanent settlement or otherwise
that defense must and shall be
maintained.
This defensive perimeter runs
along the Aleutians to Japan and
then goes to the Ryukyus. We hold
important defense positions in the
Ryukyu Islands, and those we will
continue to hold. In the interest
Of the population of the Ryukyu
Islands, we will, at an appropriate
Evening star., 1950-01-13

United States cannot furnish all
these components to solve the queS-
ton. 1t can not furnish determina-
ton, it can not furnish the will and
it can not furnish the loyalty of a
people to its government.
But if the will and if the deter
mination exists, and if the people
are behind their government, then,
and not always then, is there very
good chance In that situation
American help can be effective, and
lit can lead to an accomplishment
which could not otherwise be
achieved.
In the Philippines, We acted with
vigor and speed to set up an inde-
pendent sovereign nation which we
have done. We have given the Phil
ippines $1,000,000,000 of direct eco
nomic aid since the war. We have
spent another $1,000,00O 1000 in such
matters as veterans benefits and
other payments in the Philippines
Much of that money has not been
used as wisely as we wish it had
been used, but here again, we come
up against the matter of RESPONSE
bility. 1t is the Philippine govern
ment which is responsible. It is the
Philippine government which must
make its own mistakes. What
we can do is advise and urge and
if help continues to be misused to
stop giving the help. We cannot di-
rect, we should not direct, we have
not the slightest desire to direct.
1 believe that there are indica-
tions that the Philippines may be
facing serious economic difficulties.
With energetic, determined action,
they can perhaps be avoided or Ger
tainly minimized. Whether that
will be true or not, I cannot say;
but it does not rest within the
power of the American Government
to determine that. We are always
ready to help and to advise. That
is all we can do and all we should
do.
Help Where Wanted.
Elsewhere in Southeast Asia, the
limits of what we can do are to
help where we are wanted We are
organizing the machinery through
which we can make effective help
possible.
May I say one other thing = =
that I have long wanted to get off
my chest and, since you are helpless
victims, you must listen to it. 1t
seems to me that great deal of the
discussion of our foreign affairs loses
in helpfulness because it is misdi-
rected in aim. There seems to be a
Evening star., 1950-01-13

really the spearhead of Russian i'm
perialism which would, if it could,
take from these people what they
have Won-what we want them to
keep and develop-which is their
own national independence, their
own individual independence, their
own development of their own re-
sources for their own good and not
as mere tributary states to this great
Soviet Union.
Now, it is fortunate that this
point that I made does not represent
any real conflict. It is an important
point because people will do more
damage and create more misrepre-
sentation in the Far East by saying
our interest is merely to stop the
spread Of communism than any
other way. Our real interest Is in
those people as people. 1t is be-
cause communism is hostile to that
interest that we want to stop it.
But it happens that the best way
of doing both things is to do Just
exactly what the peoples of Asia
want to do and what we want to
help them to do, which is to develop
soundness and administration of
these new governments and to de-
velop their resources and their tech
nical skills so that they are not
subject to penetration either
through ignorance or because they
believe these false promises, or be-
cause there is real distress in their
areas. If we can help that develop
ment, if we can go forward with it,
then we have brought about the
best way that anyone knows of stop
ping this spread of communism. - I"
Now, let me come to another
underlying and important factor
which determines our relations and
in turn, our policy with the peoples
of Asia. That is the attitude of
the Soviet Union toward Asia and
Darticularly towards those parts
Evening star., 1950-01-13
Shooting Of Del Negro
Remains Mystery as
One Suspect Is Freed

The August 26 shooting of Ber-
nard sYorkie) Del Negro. 37-year-
old indicted gambler, in a Blad-
ensburg night club was as much
a mystery as ever today after
dismissal of assault charges
against George Paul Harding, 38.
Trial Magistrate Alan Bowie
ruled in Hyattsville Police Court
yesterday that Harding was not
guilty of two assault charges. The
judge held there was insufficient
evidence to link him with the
shooting. The grand jury ignored
the case last September.
Prince Georges County Detective
Earl j. Huber testified an assault
warrant sworn out after the
shooting against Samuel Ochs,
AZ, a Georgetown haberdasher,
also had been dropped because of
insufficient evidence. The warrant
charged Ochs with shooting Del
Negro. The detective said States
Attorney A. Gwynn Bowie decided
to drop the charge against Ochs,
partner in clothing store in the
3l00 block of M street NV, after
the merchant fought extradition.
The detective said his investi-
cation disclosed the shots were
fired from outside of the night
club through a rear kitchen door.
Two bullets struck Del Negro, a
resident of the 2400 block of Tun-
law road NV, in the leg, Mr..
Huber stated.
Del Negro told the court yes
terday he could not identify his
assailant.
Harding, a Washington resi-
dent. who once was sent to prison
on a manslaughter charge in the
Staying of Washington police
mans brother, also was cleared by
Judge Bowie on charges of as
saulting Ochs. The latter charge
was based on an alleged alterca-
ton earlier the same night on the
clubs parking lot. Harding did
not testify.
Evening star., 1950-01-13

them as pawns or as subjects for
exploitation but just as people. =
Through all this period Of time
also, we had, and still have great
interests in Asia. But let me point
out to you one very important
factor about our interests in Asia.
That is that our interests have been
parallel to the interests of the
people of Asia. For so years, it has
been the fundamental belief of the
American people-and I am not
talking about announcements of
government, but I mean a belief of
people in little town and villages
and churches and missionary forces
and labor unions throughout the
United States-it has been their
profound belief that the control of
China by a foreign power was con-
trary to American interests. The
interesting part about that is it was
not contrary to the interests of the
people of China. There was not
conflict but parallelism in that in
tereSt.
Puts Cart Before Horse.
Now, stress this, which you may
think is a platitude, because of a
very important fact: I hear almost
every day someone say that the real
interest of the United States is to
stop the spread of communism.
seems to me to put the
cart before the horse more complete
ly than that. Of course we are in
terested in stopping the spread of
communism.
But We are interested for a far
deeper reason than any conflict be-
tween the Soviet Union and the
United States. We are interested in
stopping the spread of communism
because communism is a doctrine
that we don't happen to like. Com
munism is the most subtle instru-
ment of Soviet foreign policy that
has ever been devised. and 1t is
Evening star., 1950-01-13

of Asia which are contiguous to
the Soviet Union, and with great
particularity> this afternoon, to
North China.
The attitude and interest of the
Russians in North China, and in
these other areas as well, long
antedates communism. This is
not something that has come out
of communism at all. 1t long ante
dates it. But the Communist re-
gime has added new methods, new
skills and new concepts to the
thrust of Russian Imperialism.
This Communistic concept and
techniques have armed Russian i'm
perialism with a new and most in
sidious weapon of penetration.
Armed with these new powers,
what is happening in China is that
the Soviet Union is detaching the
northern provinces of China from
China and is attaching them to the
Soviet Union. This process is
complete in Outer Mongolia. It is
nearly complete in Manchuria, and
L dll Su1c tildt Ill 11lllCI N1OIlSUlld
and in Sinkiang, thes'e are very
happy reports coming from Soviet
agents to Moscow. This is what is
going on. 1t is the detachment of
these whole areas, vast areas pop
ulated by Chinese-the detachment
of these areas from China and
their attachment to the Soviet
Union.
Meaning For Us.
What does that mean for us? It
means something very, very signifi-
cant. 1t means that nothing that
we DO and nothing that we say must
be allowed to obscure the reality of
this fact. All the efforts of propa-
ganda will not be able to obscure it.
The only thing that can obscure it
is the folly of iu-conceived adven-
lures on our part, which easily could
do so; and'I urge all who are think
ing about these foolish adventures
Evening star., 1950-01-13
Frederick AIIocuted
125 Housing Units
BY the Associated Press

Frederick, Md, yesterday was
allocated 1875 units of low-rent
public housing under the new ma
tional program.
The Frederick Housing Author
ity asked for a $45,00O planning
loan. All loans must be approved
by the President before they can
be made.
Evening star., 1950-01-13
Acheson
Continued From First Page.)

NNOI4Illlueu FIOIu F1rSU Pdge.)
tioning about that and other Far
Eastern matters before the SEN
ate Foreign Relations Committee
today.
Military Leaders Called For.
Some Republicans renewed their
moves to get a review of the
Pacific strategic situation and
Formosa's place In it from mill
tary leaders.
A Republican committee mem
ber said Chairman Connally will
be asked formally during the day
to summon Secretary of Defense
Johnson and Gen. Omar N. Brad
ley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff.
Senator Knowland, Republican
of California and other admins
tration critics are insisting on
getting the military leaders views
about Formosa' strategic import
ance and finding out whether
their advice was followed when
President Truman announced his
hands-off Formosa policy.
Chairman Connally has refused
to call Mr.. Johnson or Gen. Brad
ley on the grounds that the Re.
publicans "are stumbling around
trying to find some differences
between the Joint Chiefs and the
President" He told reporters he
was sure the eight Democrats or
the committee would side with
him in any dispute on the mat.
ter with the five Republican
members.
/ Russian Action Assessed.
MIR. Ac.1eSon's appearance be,
fore the committee today marked
his fourth straight day of de-
Tending administration policy
He talked in closed sessions O
the Senate Foreign Relation
Committee Tuesday and Wednes
day, before expounding his view
publicly at the National Pres
Club luncheon yesterday.
In his public speech Mr.. Ache
son assessed Russia's action il
taking to herself four areas o
North China as "the single mos
significant. most important fact
in the relations of any foreign
power with Asia"
He said the process is complet
in Outer Mongolia. nearly com
, plete in Manchuria, and he is sur
Moscow is getting happy re
ports" from Inner Mongolia AM
Sinkiang province.
The only thing which coul,
obscure the reality of this i'm
perialism from the Chinese peo
; pie, he asserted. "is the folly O
Il llill-conceived adventures on ou
Evening star., 1950-01-13

part" With apparent reference
to Formosa. he urged "all who are
thinking about these foolish ad-
ventures to remember that we
must not seize the unenviable po-
sltion which the Russians have
carved out for themselves"
Problems Other Than Military.
Mr.. Acheson argued that it is a
mistake" to become obsessed
with military considerations" in
considering Far Eastern problems.
Important as these are, he said,
there are other problems arising
"out of the susceptibility of many
areas and many countries in the
Pacific area to subversion and
penetration" which cannot be
stopped by military means.
In this situation, he said, the
United States can help block
communism only by giving what
economic and technical assistance
it can where it is wanted and
where it can be used effectively"
He declared that if this country
can help the sound development
of non-Communist nationalist
governments in the Southeast
Asia areas 1--WE have brought about
the best way that anyone knows
of stopping this spread of Com
munism."
On the military side, MIR. Ache
son emphasized American respon-
sibility for the defense of Japan
and said this would not be aban-
doned whatever arrangements are
made-implying that the United
States might keep defense forces
in Japan even after a peace treaty.
He added this country will con-
tinue to hold" important defense
positions in the Ryukyu islands,
including Okinawa. and never
would tolerate" an attack on the
Philippines.
TOKYO. Jan. 13 R.-The
Japanese received with relief Sec
retary of State Acheson's assur-
ance that Japan will be defended
by the United States.
Newspapers splurged this part
of Mr.. Acheson's National Press
Club address as the first official
confirmation of a promise that
other American officials have sug-
gested.
1t was known in Japan that
Gen. Macarthur and some of his
officers believed defense of Japan
was an American obligation until
Allied protection could be assured
But he has not said so directly
and neither had any other official
until now.
Evening star., 1950-01-13

Homer called sinister laughter
sardonic because an herb grown
on Sardinia was reputed to cause
death by laughter.
Evening star., 1950-01-13
ADVERTISEMENT.
Gray Hairs Don't
Win Promotions!

Do something about your gray hair. Use Kolor-
Bak. just put few drops on your comb each
morning. Grayness disappears 50 gradually. your
best friends don't notice it. To maintain effect.
continue using Kolor-Bak when necessary.
Evening star., 1950-01-13
Russia Already Busy
Pinching Off China
Provinces, He Says

The tollo1Oing is a partial tert
of the ertemporaneouS remarks
By Secretary OF State AcheSon
before the National Press Club
today:
Evening star., 1950-01-13
kolor-B Buk

AMERICAS LARGEST SELLING S041T ION
FOR ARTiFlclALLY C0L0RING aaay HAlR
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-19
Library BooEmobiIe Schedule

Store
11:O5-11:15-Ashton at Mrs. Julia K.
Hull's house
11:25-11:4O-Big Spring at Murray's
Store
1890 12:40- Ernstville (no assigned
stop; persons may flag bookmo-
bile)
12:50-1:1O-Big Pool at Big Pool
Store
1:15-2.1O-Big Pool School Service
2:25-2:45-Indian Springs at Martins
Store
2:55-3:O5 - Stop on west slope. of
Fairview Mt opposite Kroutz
house
3:15-3:25-Stop on top of Fairview
Mountain
3:35-4:45-Clear Spring at IOOF Hall
Thursday, October rs
-9:50-Dual Highway at Bells
house near Beaver Creek
1O:OO-11;0O - Beaver Creek school
service
11:1O-11:25-Wagner's Crossroads at
Ford's store
11:35-11:55-Mapleville
12:45-1:0O-Dual Highway at Hagen's
ESQ Station
1:1O-2:40-Mt. Lena School Service
2:50-3:10-Mt. Lena at Reese's gen
eral store
3:20-3:30-Old Beaver Creek road at
c. C. Stouffer's house
3:45-4:00-Dual Highway near Day
Farm at Newcomers house
4:10-4:20-Dual Highway at r. A.
Wade's house near Fox-Deceived
Farm.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-19
wythe County Schools Reopen

A polio-prolonged summer vaca-
ton for the children of Wythe coun-
ty, Virginia, ended the first part of
October. Wythe county this sum-
mer was the scene Of the worst polio
epidemic in the nations medical his
tory. There were 1870 cases includ-
ing Is deaths in the town of Wythe-
vile and Wythe county during the
epidemic.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-19
Truman Letter Sold For $500

A Chicago insurance man, Harry
Frazier, paid $4,000 for the letter
that got President Truman in dutch
with the Marine Corps. The letter,
sent to Representative McDonough
(R., CALI and sold by him, dubbed
the Marines as "the Navy's police
force" with "a propaganda machine
comparable to Stalin's." Mr.. Tru-
man apologized after Marines and
ex-Marines protested the references.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-19
Nothing Sacred

Mrs. Judy Zaderman, 26, who ar
rived in New York from Poland
about month ago, hid $15,50O in
her girdle, but a gunman gave her
an expensive slenderizing treat
ment. The gunman, fully aware of
feminine wiles, knew just where to
look when he ordered Mrs. Zader-
man to take off her dress and give
him the money.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-19
Less Punch

Civilian gasoline is losing some of
its punch, but it will remain plenti-
full, a government spokesman de-
clares. To meet the increasing de-
mand for aviation gasoline for the
Korean war and the rearmament eff
fort, the petroleum industry has
started diverting "allylates" and
other high-octane elements from
civilian to military motor fuels.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-19

Here is the schedule of the Wash
ington County Free Library's Book
mobile service for the ensuing week:
Friday, October 20
1890 10:4O-Route 40 west of Han
cock at Lester DivePs mailbox
1O:5O-11:OO-Red Top Inn on Side
ling Hill Oh. H. Hoffman)
Misunderstanding Hill at Clifford
Lenders house
11:3O-11: -Sideling Hill at Robert
McCusker's house
O-12:00-Russell Dyer's house
12:1O-Flagstop near second warn
ing "curve" on road to Exline
1:OO-1:1O - Pearre-At Mrs. Ella
Clay's house
1:2O-1:3O - Pearre - At Mr.. Nc
nights house
1:4O-1:5O-Pearre-At Reeds house
z:3O-2:4O-Tonolony Orchard Road at
John Trails mailbox
:5O-3:OO-Mrs. Charles Lutman's
house
1O-3:2O-Robert Wyants house
3:35-3:45-Edgar Peck's house
O--4:2O-Donald Corbetts house
Monday, October %
1O:0O-11:30 - Sandy Hook school
service
l1:4O-12:O0 49, Sandy Hook at Mrs
Coles house
12:45-12:55 - Weverton on left at
church
1:00-1:1O - CARROTS Mill at Mrs.
John Richards house
1:2O-1:3 CARROTS Mill at J. HINES
store
-Yarrowsburg School serv-
ice
2:55-3:1O - Yarrowsburg at Myers
Store
3:30-4:00 - Brownsville opposite
former store
4.2O-4:4O-Locust Grove at Poffen-
berger's Store
Tuesday, October "a
35-1O:35-Reid-P Paramount school
service
10:55-11:05 - Cavetown Pike at
Hebb's grocery
11:15-11:25-Cavetown Pike at in
tersection of Funkstown Road
11:35-11:55 - Chewsville opposite
Post Office and Store
12:O5-12:15-Cavetown Pike at Lee
nate Co.
1:00-1:15-Cavetown at Christ's Re-
formed Church
-1:55-Top of mountain, Smiths
burg to Wolfsville Road, at Hes
songs house
2:20-2:35-Warner's Gap at Gerald
Bowman's house
2:55-3:05-Jugtown
3:15-3:40-Pondsville Cat Leather's
house)
3:50-4:O0-William Shipley's house
at lower end of Pondsville
4:15-4:30-Paulsgrove store in Beav-
er Creek
Wednesday, October rs,
50-10:30-Route 40 west at Knep-
per's service station
10:15-10:30-St PauIs Church to
Charlton Road at Seibert's Lane
10:40-10:55 - Charlton at Charlton
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1950-10-19

patter. up the aisle. 1t was red
fox squirrel. He leaped to the pull
pit, stood a moment on the Bible,
and then bounced on the minister's
head. A wild scramble terminated
in draw. The squirrel fell off and
retired. But the services ended
abruptly while members Of the con-
gregation administered first aid to
Rev. Shires.