Evening star., 1949-11-11
13 Nations 10 Speak
Today in U. n. Debate
On Atomic Regulation
BY the Associated Press

BY the Asseeioted Press
LAKE SUCCESS, Nov. 1.-THE
atomic debate was to continue
today in the United Nations in
the wake of Russia's assertions
that she is using atomic power
for peaceful economic develop
ment and not to stockpile atomic
bombs.
The atomic debate, the long
deadlocked attempt to agree on
control of atomic energy, goes on
in the U. N. Special Political Com
mittee at an afternoon session
today. Thirteen countries are on
the list to speak: Argentina,
Yugoslavia, Pakistan, Uruguay,
. Czechoslovakia, White Russia,
Norway. Liberia. Nicaragua, Israel,
India, Peru and the United States.
Vishinsky Talks by Surprise.
In a dramatic surprise appear
ance before the Special Political
Committee yesterday Soviet For
eign Minister Andrei Y. Vishinsky
said:
I'VE in the Soviet Union are
utilizing atomic energy. but not
in order to stockpile atomic bombs
although I am convinced that
If. unfortunately and to our great
regret, this were necessary, We
should have as many of these as
we should need-no more and no
less.
Right now we are utilizing
atomic energy for our economic
needs in our own economic inter-
ests. We are razir1g mountains;
We are irrigating deserts; we are
cutting through the jungle and
the tundra; we are spreading life,
happiness, prosperity and welfare
in places where. the human foot
step had not been seen for thou
sands of years.
I'VE are doing this because we
are the masters of our great land,
under our own plan. and are re-
quired to account for this to no
international organ of control.
This is what these gentlemen
want to thwart and wreck; they
want to wreck it although they
do not believe that their own
plan is the panacea for salvation,
the cornucopia of welfare as they
would have us believe"
No one openly challenged vi
shinsky's claim that the Soviet
Union is using atomic energy
right now" to raze mountains
and irrigate deserts. But there
was an underlying air OF skepti-
cism among U. N. delegates.
Scientists have said some ele-
ments of the atom bomb probably
could be used for blasting earth
However. the only known explosive
that could do the job is a combi-
nation of those elements in the
atom bomb. After such blast,
they report, the earth in the area
would be radio active, but not
dangerous after period of about
q month or so.
Mr.. Vishinsky was asked by re-
porters after his speech to tell
where the Soviet Union was using
atomic energy for changing the
terrain.
Il can't (telD because I am not
informed" he replied. II only
know about it in a general way
President Truman, who an
nounced last September Is that
an atomic explosion had taken
place in Russia, told a news con-
ference yesterday he had had mo-
further reports of atomic explo-
sions in the Soviet Union.
British Criticize Speech.
United States and British re-
plies could not be given immedi-
ately in debate, but a British
spokesman off the floor said it was
"saber-rattling sickeningly
disappointing as an example of
realistic and cooperative ap-
proach to the problem"
An American spokesman said
Mr.. Vishinsky's speech did not
have in it "a single constructive
proposal"
Mr.. Vishinsky said the United
States plan-backed by a ma
jority of the U. N.-for stringent
international control and inspec-
tion Of all nuclear energy mate
rials. machinery and output seeks
to thwart Russia's peaceful use
of atomic fission.
Frederick Osborn, American
delegate on the u. N. Atomic
Energy Commission, said after
ward that nuclear fuel can be used
INTERCHANGEABLE for war or peace
full purposes and that the change
over can be sudden and without
warning.
Mr.. Osborn and John Kicker
son, American assistant Secretary
Of State. who sits for the United
States in the Special Political
Committee on atomic debates, said
scientists would have to answer
whether atomic explosions could
level mountains and big bitches.
Mr.. Hickerson said atomic radia-
ton might make such areas i'm
possible for habitation for some
time.
Atom Must Aid Progress