davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The theocrat. [volume] (Zion City [i.e. Zion], Ill.) 1914-1949, 1949-01-26

This will be critical Win
ter in the fight against lnfan-
tile Paralysis. The blacklist
Polio year of the past three
decades has just passed into
history. It's tragic toll of more
than &c, 900 cases was the high
est incidence recorded since
the calamitous epidemic of
1916.
Again, most of Polio's vic
Tins were children - young
boys and girls who suddenly
discovered that they were diff
ferent from other children,
who suddenly were cut off
from their friends and play
mates because they could not
do all the things that healthy,
active children should do.
Some could not walk without
the aid of crutches or braces.
Some could not lift their arms
nor move their hands and fin
CONTINUED on page 81
The theocrat. [volume] (Zion City [i.e. Zion], Ill.) 1914-1949, 1949-01-26
ZION WOMAN
OBSERVES HER TOOTH
ANNIVERSARY

Mrs. Annie L. Hansen, 2816
Eshcol Avenue, celebrated her
Tooth birthday January goth,
with a fervent "Amen" after
being thrilled by radio ac-
counts of President Truman's
Inauguration ceremonies.
Mrs. Hansen was born in
Marston, Bedfordshire, Eng
land, in 1849. Her life has not
only spanned a century, but
three continents as we'll. She
went with her parents to Aus
tralia at the age of five, where
she met and married Henrik
Han Hansen.
They became the parents of
nine children. The eldest
daughter, Ethel Mary, died as
an infant; Florence lives with
her in Zion; Henrik lives with
his family in Australia; Mrs.
Continued on page 81
The theocrat. [volume] (Zion City [i.e. Zion], Ill.) 1914-1949, 1949-01-26
ZION WOMAN'S CLUB

Past Presidents Day will be
observed at the Zion Woman's
Club meeting Tuesday after
noon, February l, 1949, at the
Methodist Church. Mrs. John
J. Hammond, chairman of the
Conservation Department, will
have as her guest speaker.
Mrs. Harry Harden, Of Lake
Bluff, Illinois. She will speak
on Conservation. Mrs. Frank
Davis is chairman of the host
ess committee.
Continued on page 81
The theocrat. [volume] (Zion City [i.e. Zion], Ill.) 1914-1949, 1949-01-26

Joe was born the eldest son
of Mr.. and Mrs. Frank T. Mole
in Zion, Illinois, August 7th,
1915. He received his educa-
ton in Zion Parochial Schools
and Zion Preparatory College.
His father when a boy of Is
in England, started as an ap-
prentice shoe repairman. Dur
ing his apprenticeship he work
ed three years for shoemak-
er, without wages, to learn the
art of making and repairing
shoes. In those days most of
the work was done by hand.
Before coming to this country
with his mother, father and
brothers he owned and operat-
ed his own repair shop. The
family had heard of John AL
exander Dowie's teachings in
the Zion Branch in Epswich,
England, and in the early
Continued on Page y
The theocrat. [volume] (Zion City [i.e. Zion], Ill.) 1914-1949, 1949-01-26
LETTE RS
From Our
MISSIONARIES IN AFRICA

Dec. 27, 1948
Dear Mother:
Happy New Year! Perhaps
your next letter from me will
be in 1949 so I really should
start now to wish you a happy
New Year.
Since last writing you I have
been so busy 81 could hardly
see straight" as we used to say.
Christmas in Africa truly is
much buster than / had ever
dreamed it would be-but Of
course it is lots of fun and
keeps us from thinking too
much of home and thus get
ting homesick.
The folks were all over here
as was planned. Faith sent the
two boys mattresses and we
made them their beds on the
Continued On page g.
The theocrat. [volume] (Zion City [i.e. Zion], Ill.) 1914-1949, 1949-01-26
ZION BANK TO
CHANGE NAME

On Friday, January IA, 1919,
in the Zion Hotel Gold Room,
the stockholders of Zion Bank
met for their regular annual
dinner meeting. They approx
ed some important changes
which will greatly assist the
bank in fulfilling it's mission
of service to the community.
Following a long standing
policy of increasing capital to
keep abreast with a growing
bank, they voted to change the
capital stock from $5O,OOO.O0
to $75,0O0.00. A look the
financial statement shows that
there is now $75,OOO.OO Capt.
tai, $50,000.00 Surplus, $685.
100000 Reserves and more than
100000 in undivided pro-
fits.
Name Changed to
Zion State Bank
A second resolution present
ed at the meeting by President
Michael J. Mintern was to
change the name from Zion
Bank to Zion State Bank. This
also met with the approval of
the stockholders as did a reso-
luton to change the location
of the bank from it's present
quarters in the VIM. J. Bicket
building to the new structure
as soon as it is completed. The
new quarters at 2612-18 Sheri-
dan Road will be owned by the
bank.
Two New Directors
Elected
In a move to broaden the
policy making viewpoint in line
with the expanded volume of
business and get wider repre-
sentation of local businessmen,
the stockholders decided to
approve an increase in the
number of directors from seven
to nine. The results of an cleo
ton showed that C. w. War
rem and r. A. Burgess were
Continued on Page p
Evening star., 1949-11-20

Politics continued TO be Mr..
Chapman's escalator to social
In 1882 he was q Colo
RADIO delegate to the Democratic
National Convention, and the
same year he managed Alva B.
Adams successful campaign for
United States Senator on the New
Deal ticket Of Franklin p. Roose-
velt. When F. D. r. became Presi-
dent, Senator Costigan recon-
mended his young law partner for
q Federal post. Mr.. Chapman was
given his choice Of several posi-
tions, and chose an assistant sec
retaryship of the Interior.
'He selected the Interior De-
partment. an associate said. "be-
cause he saw 1t as his best vehicle
for furthering the rights Of minor
ity groups"
The department ct that time
not only was In charge Of hdian
reservations, - ct presen but
Evening star., 1949-11-20
Communists Being
Fenced Off in
Own Lands
By Paul GhoIi

PARASITIC American taxpay-
er has sacrificed and is sacr1flclng
q Substantial portion Of his income
to save the world from COM
munism.
In the present lessening OF the
Red contagion throughout West
ern Europe-it cannot yet bel
called decadence-he may glimpse
his reward. And by the same TO-
ken democracy is presented Win
a tremendous challenge.
=. Today, according to latest elec-
ton figures, Western Europes
=. Communists total approximately
4 600 900 party card members. But
these Commies are finding them
selves increasingly cut on from
members OF other parties in their
respective countries. Moreover.
they are generally looked upon as
foreign agents. A common feel
ing nowadays is that by putting
party interest above national IN
terest they. have lost all pa
triotism. :,
have remained in Europe al
most continually since World war
n ended. I have toured France.
Italy, Belgium, Switzerland ana
England. Such are the signs l
have read. T.
Kremlin's Big Worries |
In July of 1s4s Italy's Commu-
mist militants seemed suddenly 10
decide that the country was
aroused-ready for the revolu-
ton. They found the govern
ment forces ready instead. 1t is
INV firm belief that today they
would find them even better pre-
pared. !
Two facts, both of which are OF
obvious deep concern to the Krem-
lin leaders themselves, back me
In this conviction. They are:
l. The Communist Parties are
being isolated gradually within
their own countries.
2. The Titoism epidemic, de-
spite best Moscow efforts. is slow
ly undermining the party pro-
gram /
Of the two the second is by far
the greater in significance. Mos
cow seeks to end the Tito schism
In Yugoslavia, not so much be-
cause it lessons communism's grip
on iron curtain countries-aSl
many seem to think-but rather
because lit carries grave risk
that western Europe's chief Red
leaders may become contaminated.
Tito's regime is a nationalist
regime; Moscow aims at an inter-
national regime. It's a split that
may actually force Russia to
abandon expansion by national
revolution" and resort instead to
the dreaded open conflict with the
United States. .s-@.-~--..- .ss~s--s /
Not National Movement
The growing isolation Of the
Communist Party is not its great
est element Of weakness. more
over. A still graver one is the
conscience trouble developing In
the minds Of It's leaders. There Is
the old Oriental proverb that ;fish
rot by the head. It's applicable
to the Tito split. It cannot but
disturb a French or an Italian
Red with q bit of national pride
left to see Tito shrug of Comm
form instructions while his own
country's party leaders-Maurice
Thorez and Palmiro Togliatti-I
must still obey like good Kremlin
puppets. Tito actually Is demon
strating how to be Red and
patriot simultaneously. |
Tito not only represents danger
for Moscow. however, He threat /
Evening star., 1949-11-20
Interior Spark Plug Chapman Carries Towering Ideal

fully did his work. In 1946 he was
promoted to Undersecretary by
President Truman, just few days
after julius A. Krug had replaced
Mr.. Ickes as Secretary.
When Mr.. Krug abruptly an
nounced his resignation on Mo-
vember 10 the selection of Mr..
Chapman as the new Secretary
was taken for granted by every
one from the President on down
to.the newest Interior Department
custodian. For by this time. Mr..
Chapman was widely known as
the spark plug of Interior, with 16
years varied service in the depart
ment. His appointment was hailed
as a Just reward for merit.
But Mr.. Chapman would be
among the first to acknowledge
that merit had been reinforced by
the magic Of politics and the
catalyst Of pleasant personal rela-
tions with the President.
He had, for one thing, con-
tinued his interest In national
party politics. serving as delegate
to the national convention in
1910 and managing the Roosevelt
Wallace election campaign that
year. He backed Wallace for re-
nomination as Vice President four
years later but with unsWerving
party loyalty acted as Western
manager for the Roosevelt -Tru-
man campaign when Wallace lost
the second-place tussle to the
Missourian.
Impressed Truman
It was more than party loyalty,
however, that raised, Mr.. Chap
mans stature In Truman's eyes.
BY November, 1916, Mr.. Truman,
the accidental President. was at
the lowest ebb Of his presidential
tenure: the Democrats had just
lost the congressional election
and control Of both Houses. When
Mr.. Truman came back to the
Capital after the election. the only
top official on hand to greet him
at the airport was Oscar Chap
man. Perhaps Mr.. Chapman, as
always. was being sympathetic
and warm to an underdog:: per-
haps he had become fond OF the
battling President. Whatever 1t
was. Mr.. Truman never forgot the
incident - trivial In itself yet
meaningful in terms OF personal
relations. =
Mr.. Chappan's faith n Mr..
Truman remained undimmed In
Evening star., 1949-11-20

/. The young generation formed
by fascism and trained in totali-
tarianism.
2. Numerous Socialists and
Communist leaders with a pres
tige enjoyed by no others because
OF their persecution at the hands
Of MuSsolini.
3. Countless political oppor-
tunists who believe the Commu-
nists have the up-and-coming
party.
The present aim of Italy's Com
munist leaders Is to keep that
country In state Of permanent
agitation rather than to attempt
to seize power. The revolution
awaits the new Wall Street
crash" Renato sCigarinni. top
Communist in North Italy, said to
me during my last visit to that
country: "It has got to come.
And when 1t comes, that will be
our time to act"
In France the situation Is Diff
ferent. Because Of fanaticism and
Evening star., 1949-11-20

also governed Alaskans, Fill
pinos, Hawaiians. Puerto Ricans,
Chamorros and Virgin .Islanders.
It's major bureaus outnumber
those Of any other executive de-
partment, administering affairs
ranging from national parks to
metallurgical research conserva-
tion and reclamation.
Thus, at the age OF SO, Mr..
Chapman took Office under Inte-
rior Secretary Harold L. Ickes.
He was the youngest member OF
the Presidents so-called little
cabinet" A smiling. modest man
of medium height and weight,
with intelligent brown eyes and
manageable brown hair, he was
almost the antithesis OF the terri
ble-tempered but able Curmud-
geon. But common goals and an
understanding Of human !. needs
kept them In efficient hs nony.
Mr.. Chapman quietly q skill
Evening star., 1949-11-20

looked upon as vanished. The
treatment must be continued or
the patient will die.
In the very clandestine nature
Of its elements lies communism S
latent danger Here, in brief, is
the way the organization works
everywhere: In Italy with the
largest party; in France with the
most dangerous; in Switzerland
with the political and financial
liaison: In Belgium with the weak
est party and in England with
the smallest but nonetheless still
dangerous party because its task
is to spread Marxism among in
tellectuals and upper classes.
French More Dangerous
Togliatti, In Italy. heads q
party Of 1900, 900 members. Since
the abortive revolution Of July.
194S, he has undertaken the gi-
gantic project Of reorganizing the
party framework-with compare
tive success.
In this task he has three trump
cards:
Evening star., 1949-11-20

ems Western Europe, too. Com
munism is losing ground today
because it Is not q national move
ment. The day the parties can
show riationahstic cloak. that
day they will begin to show new
strength.
There are signs abroad that the
Kremlin begins to realize this,
signs indicative Of orders to West
ern Europe's party chiefs to "ap-
pear nationalistic." Here In
France, for example. the Commies
have gone 50 far as to agree pub
licly with Charles de Gaulle on
his Germany policy.
On the democratic side Of the
battleline, encouraging Titoism Is
an extremely delicate maneuver.
It is like attacking a disease by
inducing q fever. In the end the
fever remains to be cured. Com
munism, national or otherwise, will
always be an illness and q fever.
The Communist threat may be
considered to be diminishing In
Europe but It certainly cannot be
Evening star., 1949-11-20

and vast regions Of Africa and
Asia.
Twenty million left Great
Britain alone in the years be-
tween 1915 and 1900. In all,
more than 100,000,000 Euro
peans left home to assume what
Kipling called "the white mans
burden"
In almost every colonial re-
gion there are strong move
ments today for independence.
In some areas nationalism is
famed by Communist pressure.
In others the fight for freedom
has been going on for many
years.
Indonesia, which will formally
receive its independence from
the Netherlands on December
Evening star., 1949-11-20
Accepted Federal Post as Opportunity to
Further Rights of Minority Groups

the presidential campaign two
years later, when most Of the
early New Dealers and great
numbers Of regular Democrats
were deserting the Truman flag
in a panicky stampede. Secretary
Krug held a wet finger to the po-
litical winds and decided not to
trouble himself with political
speeches. but Mr.. Chapman
rushed to the West in Mr.. Tru-
mans behalf. He was Mr.. Tru-
mans advance man" in the
mon n-politicar tour to the West in
June, 1948, making arrangements
for the Presidents activities in
each city; later, at the national
convention and during pre-elec-
ton months. he loomed large as
one Of the Presidents most
trusted and useful political lieu
tenants.
Krug, Truman Clashed
Mr.. Chapman told .rewsmen
after the election: II took leave
from my job to travel 10000
miles for President Truman. I
did it because for me. politics
means fighting for a program
After the Inauguration early
this year, speculation was heavy
that President Truman would re-
ward Mr.. Chapman at once by
making him Interior Secretary.
Mr.. Krug stuck stolidly to his job
and said nothing, but his position
was known to be precarious. The
talk of replacement became so
persistent that Mr.. Chapman re-
portedly became embarrassed and
intervened at the White House in
Krug's behalf. In any case, moth
ing happened. It became clear, as
the months passed, that the
President did not intend to pun
ish Mr.. Krug for his political
failings. but that when and If
Mr.. Krug quit, Mr.. Chapman
would be his successor. Il
Informed observers point to two
major reasons and one surface
development that led. inevitably,
to Mr.. Krug's resignation. Under
the major heading Of Personal, :"
1t is pointed out that Mr.. Krug
wanted to quit the Government
IN order to make some money In
private business: that his health
was not too good, and that he had
largely lost his early New Deal
zeal for Government work. Dur
ing his tenure in of1cAhe had ac-
(Ses HARRIS. Page C-2.)
Evening star., 1949-11-20
Europes Red Peril Lessened by Isolation Of Parties
Epidemic of Titoism
Is Undermining
kremIin '.

the Swiss with its membership OF
some $4,000 is 100 per cent sub
servient to Moscow and has lost
all trace of national feeling.
Moreover, it's role is a particularly
nasty one for it serves as poll
tical haison between the French
and Italian parties and Moscow
and is also a sort of clearing
house for Red funds id Western
Europe. Geneva and Zurich are
the Soviet financial transaction
centers and from them the money
goes by way of diplomatic pouch
to London, Rome, Brussels and
Paris.
Swiss Have Nasty Role
AS for the Belgian and British
parties. both might we'll be con-
sidered branches of the French
and Italian. For advice on party
doctrine they call on Togliatti, for
discipline and tactics on Thorez.
The Belgian party has only
100000 registered members and
thus might almost be ignored ex-
cept for its influence on a group
which is already the greatest
drain on Belgian prosperity, the
100000 unemployed. These un-
fortunates are constantly treated
to the Red line, You are the vic
tins of American Imperialism
the Marshall Plan is crippling vic
Tins OF American Imperialism
the Marshall Plan is crippling
your industries"
The poor cousin and at the
same time the Western European
party aristocrat, the English Com
munist Party, hasn't received q
ruble from Moscow since 1928.
Through it, however, the Kremlin
will soon boast its first Commu-
mist lord, the Hon. Wogan Phil
lips, son of Lord Milford. who
soon succeeds his father as a
peer.
With only $4,000 members, Brit
aims is the smallest Red party in
Europe. 1t has only two members
in Parliament and, no representa-
tive in the Cominform, receiving
its instructions from the French.
It's main task is to undermine the
solid bedrock basis of the English
constitution.
IDemocracy's Challenge
To sum up. communism now.
as always, is religion, its bible
the works of Lenin and Stain.
Recently the Paris press pub
lished the following, taken from
the notebook Of a student in the
Red Seminary for Western Con-
Iverts, near Paris:
"Our party is formed Of mill
Itants who have distinguished
themselves by good work in strikes
and demonstrations. Men
must be judged not by social
function or intelligence but solely
on attachment and devotion to
the cause of the people. 80
Another students lesson:
THE Red Army has been sue
cessful because the Soviet country
lis not alone in its fight against
foreign Intervention The SovietS
while fighting have aroused the
sympathy of the proletarians of
the whole world. It Is the struggle
against capitalism inside enemy
countries which has forced the i'm
Iperialists to abandon their inter-
IVention on Soviet soil"
These lines are the basis of the
present policy Of the Communist
Parties of Western Europe-and
even further west. They define
1.-THE line of the now clandestine
Red struggle. They are democ-
Iracy's challenge.
fChicago Daily News Foreign Service)
Evening star., 1949-11-20

80, is the newest republic. This
rich colonial area was under
Dutch rule for 800 years.
Israel won a dramatic fight
for freedom when the British
gave up their mandate in 1948.
and the Israeli Army defeated
Arab opposition.
The Philippines obtained
their independence from the
United States on July 4. 1916.
Korea set up an independent
government in 1948, after elec-
tions held under supervision OF
q United Nations commission.
The northern part Of the coun-
try, however, was retained by
Russia.
India and Pakistan won their
Evening star., 1949-11-20
New Secretary Long Has Fought Oppression
and Inequities in Social System
Rv EHws, Harris
By Edwsrd A. Horris

followed new, progressive tech
niques in the field Of juvenile cor
rection, with an alert eye on the
social conditions that gave rise
to the individual Juvenile prob
lens.
He studied law at night at the
University Of Denver, went on to
the University Of New Mexico for
two years, and returned to Dem
yer to get his law degree from the
Westminster Law School. Edward
p. Costigan, liberal Democrat,
took Chapman into partnership
with him, and the next year MIR.
Chapman successfully managed
his partners campaign for elec-
ton to the United States Senate.
Politics was to his liking; COM
bined with ability. 1t was even-
tually to place him In presiden-
tial cabinet.
Assistant Secretary ut IS
Mr.. Chapman found that his
social service often strengthened
his political biceps. Having
founded the Spanish American
League to combat exploitation OF
Mexican workers in the beet su-
gar industry, he discovered with
some surprise that he had the
nucleus of a political following.
He also organized veterans into
active politicos. But quite aside
from politics, Mr.. Chapman main
tanned a deep and continuing in-
terest in fighting squalor, oppres-
sion and ineQuities In the social
system.
As chairman Of the State Child
Welfare Committee, he organized
local committees to care for sick
and destitute children IN each Of
the SO counties. In the flrst three
years OF the great depression
these committees housed, clothed
and fed 5000 children. Named
president of the Colorado State
Board Of Control, the inexhaust-
ible Chapman directed the reor-
ganization of the State Industrial
School for Boys. Within a year
after his appointment, wrote the
magazine School Life at the
time, tdormitory guards had been
abolished. buildings renovated.
new modern equipment for vart-
Gus shops and classrooms In
stalled, recreational facilities : :
provided, and budget reduced y
$50, ,000."
Evening star., 1949-11-20

blind subservience to Moscow the
French Reds are looked upon al
most as pirates. Nevertheless. the
French Connie Is infinitely more
dangerous than his smiling Ital-
ian .eomrade. He is more disci-
pinned. better organized. tougher
The French party. with its 700.-
900 militant members. considers
itself. a part of the vast Com
munist army whose role is to
overthrow capitalist society and
replace it with a Socialist society
One of it's major elements OF
strength Is the powerful Com
munist- dominated labor union,
the CGT, whose members are the
real shock troops Of the French
Red army.
In l948 the CGT had 5000, 900
members. With Socialist elements
since split off 1t has less than
half that strength but its nuisance
value remains an extremely i'm
portant and dangerous element in
French politics.
Like the French party. that OF
Evening star., 1949-11-20

independence from the British
Empire after almost half a CEN
tury of militant nationalism.
Pakistan, whose population is
almost three-quarters Moslem,
adopted a constitution based on
Moslem law as expressed in the
Koran. The Union of Indias
democratic constitution con-
tains a bill of rights.
Burma gained its independ-
ence in 1948, when Burma
proper and three autonomous
frontier states. Shan. Kachin
and Karen, formed the Union
of Burma.
The Island of Ceylon has had
self-government since thee END
of World War II, and has be-
come a new British dominion.