davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-10
Rolls Of GAR Drop
To Is With Death Of
Ohio Man al 1903

With the death Of John H.
Crate. 103. at his farm home in
Atwater. Ohio, the national mem
bership Of the Grand Army of the
Republic dropped to Is and the
Ohio department dropped out OF
existence.
According to q recent tabula-
ton. there are SO Confederate and
80 Union veterans still living. The
Union veterans DO not all have
membership in the GAR.
Only IL State departments now
exist, with California having the
most members-four. The mem
bers range in age from 100 to 104.
New York has the Oldest GAR.
James A. Hard Of Rochester, LOT.
and Oregon boasts the command
err in chief. Theodore A. Penland
of Portland. The last two are the
only GAR members in'their States.
Other States with GAR depart
ments are Connecticut. Idaho.
Iowa, Minnesota. Oklahoma.
Washington. Michigan and Wis
consin. all with one member each.
and Illinois and Kentucky, with
two.
Mr.. Crate, who died Tuesday,
was a buggymaker and farmer.
He served as GAR commander in
chief in 1867. He was COM
mander of the Ohio department
in 1945 and had commanded the
John C.. Fremont post of Alliance,
Ohio. since 1887. i
Mr.. Crate enlisted when he was
10 on October 4, 1863, at Newton
Fails. Ohio.
Texas and Florida are reported
to have the most Confederate vet
Grams. respectively numbering
seven and six. States with two
veterans are Alabama, Arkansas.
Louisiana. Mississippi, North Car
DINA. Oklahoma and South Caro-
lima. Georgia has one veteran
and Virginia three. Other Con-
federate veterans are living but
not included in the pension figures.
States without GAR depart
ments but with Union veterans
listed on pension rolls are Kansas,
New Hampshire and Oklahoma
with one each and Missouri with
two
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-10
400 OIdsmobiIe Dealers
And Statesmen Meet Here

Approximately 400 Oldsrnobile
dealers and statesmen met today at
the Mayflower Hotel to learn de-
tails of new demonstration pro-
gram being sponsored throughout
the nation by the Oldsmobile Dr.
vision of General Motors Corp.
The dealers convened at 10 am.
and concluded their meeting with
o luncheon at the Mayflower Hotel.
A stage manager. actors. stage
crew and several technicians pre-
sented @ show for the dealers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-10
ADVERTISEMENT.
AUVEKTISEMENI
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Evening star., 1949-07-05
The Senute in q Haunted Room

With the renovators temporarily driving
it from its regular meeting place, the Sen
ate of the United States moves back today
to kind of haunted room where there is
no space for lobbyists or spectators but
where sensitive members must surely be
Influenced by the velyety, unseen presence
of multitude of hiSt0y's wraiths.
For this relatively small semicircular
chamber Cts feet long and As feet wide in
the center) Is storied place richly sat-
| urated with the spirit of our American
past. The Senate first moved into it in
1910, when the Union consisted of a mere
II States and when the membership there
fore totaled only a. From then on
through period of stressful growth and
tumultuous change, the Senators regularly
met there until 1859. After that, for 76
years, with its handsome and august at
moSphere, it served as the home of the
Supreme Court.
Because of its limited physical dimen-
sionS, some of our 96 Senators may feel
unhappy about having to do business in
this room. The absence of appreciative
spectators may cramp their STYLE or the
confines of the place may flll few of them
with sense of clauStrophobia. Indeed,
there is even the possibility that couple
of them, irritated by being crowded to-
gether, may be driven to do violence of
the sort that occurred there in 1856 when
Representative Brooks took cane in hand
to rain cruel blows on the head of the
aged Senator Sumner.
On the other hand, though, there Is
some reason to believe that historic sur
roundings have way of putting people
on their dignity. A Senator will be dis
posed to regard nonsense as something
out of place in a room that was burned by
the British back in 1914. In dealing with
such issues as the Atlantic Pact, he will
be likely to remember that the Monroe
Doctrine was first proclaimed in this very
same chamber. Moreover, he probably will
find himself being influenced, at least
little bit, by the fact that here Webster
raised his famous cry for Liberty and
Union, now and forever, one aud insep-
arable;" that here Calhoun and Clay once
lay in state; that here the highest tribunal
of the land handed down a long series of
momentous decisions climaxed by the in
valuation of the NRA
So in moving back for while to it's
old chamber the Senate is rendezvousing
with its past within walls that have looked
down on men and events of vast impor-
tance to the story of America The place,
II one had the ears to hear, still rings with
the great and wise words that were often
spoken there In an earlier time. There
may be no such things as ghosts, but nev-
ertheless looking on and lobbying in its
own way, certain spirit, heritage, a
historical presence sits in that room now
with the living Senators.
Evening star., 1949-07-05
Letters to The Star
Urges Arbitration to Settle Strike

Urges Arbitration to Settle Strike
OF LOngShOremen, Warehousemen in Hawaii
To the Editor Of The Star:
The settlement Of the collective bargain
ing dispute between the Capital Transit
Company and the employe members of the
AFL here in Washington was achieved
through an agreement to continue bargain
ing for given period and then to resolve
all the remaining issues by arbitration.
Why can't similar procedure be used
to settle the strike in Hawaii?
The Federal Mediation and Cancellation
Service-whicha settled the Washington
transit dispute-repeatedly has proposed
arbitration in Hawaii. The union publicly
has agreed to arbitration and is prepared
now to go back to work Immediately upon
the announcement that an arbitration tri-
bunal has been appointed. But the En-
ployers Council has been completely ada
mant in it's refusal to arbitrate the dispute.
Can it be that the employers are reluc-
tant to present their case before an i'm
partial tribunal which will hand down
binding decision based on the merits? The
union is ready.
If arbitration can work in the Capital
of the United States. why won't 1t work in
the Territory of Hawaii2
WILLIAM GLAZIER
Washington Representative. ILWU-CIO.
Evening star., 1949-07-05
A New UCS at Work

Reorganization of the old Washington
Community Chest-Council of Social
Agencies machinery required lot OF time
and patience. 1t was accompanied by
much wrangling, bringing buried discord
to the surface and airing old grievances
But most of that is behind us now. The
meeting last week of the Board of Trustees
of the revitalized United Community Serv-
ices was indicative of new beginning In
planning a program of social welfare work
for this city.
The trustees acted on the admittance to
membership of some fifty-seven Washing
ton agencies which will be represented in
the appeal this fall of the Community
Chest Federation. But the act of admit
tance was no mere formality. Some OF
the agencies admitted were directed to ex-
plore and report back on why they should
not combine. Others were warned, in eff
feet, to demonstrate their eligibility for
continued inclusion in the united appeal
There were examples of disagreement
among the trustees, decided after debate
and ballotting, on the admittance of
others. But all of the decisions reached by
than fifty meetings and hundreds OF
hours" of discussion by the committees in
charge of preliminary screening.
This process, it is believed, will be i'm
proved by experience and in months to
come should produce results that are nee
essary If the principle of combined ap-
peal for welfare work is to be preserved in
Washington Winning admittance to the
United Community Services should not be
easily accomplished. And because of the
stringent requirements. it should carry
with it prestige that wins confident sup
port of contributors.
While it is doubtless impossible to obtain
unanimous agreement among trustees or
contributors as to what agencies should
be included, continuation of a careful Sc
lective process, with constant emphasis on
eliminating unnecessary sor duplicating
work by member agencies, will serve in the
end to minimize complaints. Community
support of the Chest principle will grow
stronger with general recognition of the
fact that no agency can be included in
United Community Services If its useful
ness is seriously questioned. If it is doing
work with private funds that is being done
already by public funds or If it is motivated
by a competitive spirit rather than effec-
tiveness in treating the problems lying
within it's field.
Continued showing of a sufficiently
hard-boil attitude in admittance of new
agencies or rejection of those which have
outlived their community usefulness will
do more than any other single thing to
build public confidence in the promising
new United Community Services.
Evening star., 1949-07-05
Criticizes People Who Allegedly
Want Special Privileges

To the Editor Of The Star:
Well. here we 60 again! The same thing
as usual. another misguided individual has
written to The Star his condemnation of
the Communists and also an attack upon
the only true Americans in this country to-
day. those who believe in the Constitution.
A. w. Parsons states that he would like
to send the people who conjured up the Bar
den school bill to Russia. Does he know, or
does he care that these people whom he
wants to send to Russia are the living de-
scendants of the people who made it pos
sible for him to be in this country where
he has so much freedom? Yes. he along
with the Communists. has the privilege of
attacking the Constitution, which should
be sacred to all. I wonder sometimes if
the majority of Americans really appreciate
this country.
If people like Mr.. Parsons and others have
to have special privileges. then if this coun-
try goes to hell they can't blame any one
but themselves. E.KS
Evening star., 1949-07-05
The Government Hos Rights, Too

District Court Judge Holtzon's ruling
upholding the constitutionalty of the Fed
eral employees loyalty program is well rea-
soned and soundly based. 1t is in line with
Justice Holmes oft-quoted land Judge
Holtzoff is the latest jurist to quote IT.
logic in a New Bedford police case: "The
petitioner "a discharged policeman may
have a constitutional right to talk politics.
but he has no constitutional right to be
policeman"
The issue before the District Court arose
out of the threatened dismissal OF thirty
six postal workers on orders from the de-
partmental loyalty board. The employees
attacked the Presidents loyalty program
on grounds that it violated their rights OF
free speech under the First Amendment
and of due process of law under the Fifth
Amendment.
Judge Holtzon, In disposing of the free
speech question, stated the Holmes philos-
ophy In another way: THE Government
has a perfect right to pick and choose its
own employees, and it would have perfect
right, If it saw fit to do so, to get rid of
them for making utterances which they
have a right to make under the Constitu-
ton" In this contention he was following
closely the reasoning of the Court of APP
peals in the Friedman case, in which the
appellate judges unanimously held that
the Federal Government has the right to
prescribe the qualifications of its employees
and to attach conditions to their employ
ment-including provision for discharge
4 there is reasonable ground for doubling
their loyalty.
As for the "due process" question, Judge
Holtzoff held that due process require
ments do not apply to loyalty procedures,
which are in the nature of employer
employe dealings, not like court proceed
ings. An employe, he said, has no right
to appeal to the courts from a loyalty Or
der However, the loyalty program was
drawn up with view to according an
employe more rights than he had ever had
under any previous screening process. He
has the right to receive written charges in
considerable detail, the right to hearing,
with counsel and any witnesses he may
wish to produce, before departmental
board, the right to appeal first to tie de-
partment head, then to panel Of the Civil
Service Commission Loyalty Review Board
and, finally, to the full Review Board. This
Is not "due process" of course, In the
Evening star., 1949-07-05
Library Demonstration

For millions of Americans, the library
card has always been a passport to whole
world of pleasure and information through
reading. The public library has served
countless other patrons in highly prac-
tical way. Many young couple starting
home or family has found guidance
from library books on interior decorating
or baby care. City-dwellers who have
availed themselves of the joys of browsing
and borrowing since they first marched
home with "Grimm's Fairy Tales" firmly
In hand are inclined to take library service
for granted, and to assume that it Is part
of every citizens life. The sad truth Of
the matter, however, is that $4,000, 900
Americans mostly in rural areas. have no
library service at all, and another 35,000,000
have inadequate facilities.
The Library Demonstration Bill, cur
rently stalled in a House committee, Is
intended to remedy this situation, to pro-
vide the advantages of Self-educauon
through reading to these people. Under
terms of this measure, which is before
Congress for the third time, all States, ter
ritories and the District of Columbia would
receive from the Federal Government an
annual grant of $4,000 over a period of
five years for demonstration of library
service. During that time, the Govern
ment would also match State appropria-
tionS up to 100000 for library funds
After the Unconstitutional the bill is
aimed at stimulation of State programs,
not indefinite subsidy-the people of
the localities who had been introduced to
library service would be obliged to assume
responsibility for its continuation. Backers
of the bill have maintained that once peo-
pie have enjoyed library service they refuse
to be without it. Their contAltion is
borne out in the case of Louisiana, where
Fl out of % parishes which became ac-
quainted with book borrowing through
bookmobiles voted local taxes to make the
experiment permanent
The American Library Association, chief
sponsor of the Library Demonstration Bill,
has polled members of both houses of
Congress as to their sentiments about the
measure and found a majority in favor
OF It, It Is to be hoped that the bill will
be given hearing by the House Labor
and Education Committee, and then
passed, for an extension of library service
would be sound investment in democracy.
The last word on the Brooklynite living
in a three-by-five closet had him shooing
callers away with there's nobody here but
just us moths"
Evening star., 1949-07-05
Where Red China Stands

A prOnOuncement OF Mao TSe-tung,
made in commemoration OF the twenty
eighth anniversary of the birth of the
Communist Party in China, is clear indi-
cation of the basic theology and policies of
the Red regime now dominant over most
of China. Since Mao is the acknowledged
civilian leader and spokesman for that
regime, his words can be considered as
authoritative.
In the first place, Mao leaves no doubt
as to where Red China stands in the inter-
national field. 1--WE belong" he asserts,
Ito the anti-imperialist front headed by
the U. S. s. r. and we can look for genuine
and friendly aid from that 'front.' and not
from the imperialist front. China cannot
sit on the fence. Neutrality is q
camouflage."
Mao makes the distinction common to
Communist propaganda everywhere be-
tween the masses of the people" in all
countries, who are represented as friendly,
and the "imperialists" and "reactionaries"
who allegedly control "capitalistic" gov
ernments such as those of the United
States, Britain and other mont Communist
nations. He gratefully acknowledges ef-
forts by progressive parties and groups"
in America and elsewhere. for the opening
of trade and diplomatic relations with
not to expect genuine aid from the
United States or Britain so long as their
present Governments are in power Such
relations could be achieved, however, If
I'VE unite all forces at home and abroad
to smash domestic-and foreign reaction
aries"
ALI this naturally has bearing on
current discussions as to the possibility
of arriving at some sort of informal ar
rangements with the Red regime under
which trade and other economic contacts
would be feasible. Macs pronouncement
appears to be less conciliatory than previ-
GUS utterances or than the practices of the
Red authorities in newly-won commercial
ports like Tientsin and Shanghai. which
seem to be pragmatically experimental
rather than dogmatic in character.
In the domestic field Mao is equally
fortnight. He admits that his concept
of government for contemporary China is
"dictatorial" This he describes as a
is, the right of reactionaries to voice their
opinions must be denied and only the
people allowed to have the right of voicing
their opinions" Freedom of speech, as
sembly and association, and the right to
vote are to be given only ito the people
and not to reactionaries." This, of course
is standard Communist doctrine, but it is
| franker than previous official statements
which gave the impression that the COM
ing regime would be coalition embracing
all democratic" elements, even those not
formally af1liated with the Communist
Party.
To be sure, consistency in utterance is
not to be expected from Communists
However rigid their theology and however
answering their basic strategy, they are
| extremely flexible in their tactics, never
hesitating to change their promises OF
arguments, no matter how illogical such
changes may look in retrospect. BUT Macs
Evening star., 1949-07-05
Night Magic

A child has neDer "Hped" Who has not
taken
A bor by shoes and gunner both forsdksn.
And cut square holes for tofndotcs tn this
treasure, :
Perhaps a pair Of eyes for extra pleasure.
A little candle gIou to gtpe It Hight,
A string to guide It through the sarsy
night,
Ind pulled 1t happily along the street,
A bit OF fYe-Ht heGUen at his feet!
DARRIETT SCOTT oLN1cAs
Evening star., 1949-07-05

iuridical sense, but it is an earnest effort
by the Government to avoid injustices in
administration of the loyalty policies and
procedures. 1t is proper that the Govern
ment should 60 as far as it reasonably can
in protecting the rights of individual en-
ployes under the loyalty program-but, as
Judge Holtzotf's ruling makes plain, the
Government also has right, indeed an
obligation, to protect itself.
Evening star., 1949-07-05

rigid constitutional projections of home
rule seem to be regarded as less important
and less practical than in the early days
OF the movement for municipal home rule.
How much interfering or direct local ac-
ton Congress would actually do in the
District. would depend upon needs that may
arise and also upon customs which will
develop in carrying out the system set up
by the charter.
We can hope and work for the best,
and take added hope from the fact that bills
now in Congress give wide scope of local
action which can take effect if Congress
and the President merely refrain from for
mally objecting to it within a given time.
Since the District is geographically q unit
by itself in the usual field of State as we'll
as municipal action. the District Council
could act by legislative proposals on mat
ters which the State and not the city would
act upon elsewhere. That power has been
questioned as to constitutionality by some
persons, but If it were adversely decided by
the courts it could be covered by a clause
in the constitutional amendment which we
want to put through for purposes of ma
tional representation.
Sees A Real Gain
As the bills stand now, therefore. If there
is any diminutiop of home rule on some
poiIibs oeCduSe VI Iiic Peeuildi STATUS VI tile
District, there are other compensating points
on which a wider scope of home rule is
given. Consequently there is, in the net
total. just about as much home rule In
these bills as any city in the country now
has, in the recognized meaning of the term
home rule" Try to get any ,home-rule
city to tell you it's local self-government,
as something distinct from representation
in the more general government, is hardly
worth having! And let's have an end to the
idea that District home rule is rendered
Intellectual by lack of national representa-
tion. when really it is all the more i'm
portant to us so long as we are unrepre-
sented on Capitol Hill where. for lack of
home rule. so many of the functions of the
proposed District Council are now carried
on as a side issue amid national legislation
GEORGE W. HODGKINS
Evening star., 1949-07-05
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE

BY THE HASkIN SERVICE
Q. What is the accepted explanation Of
the title of Beethovens "Eroica" ymphony?
r. r. M.
A. Beethoven's Third Symphony. in E-fiat.
op. IS. composed in 1903, was written in
homage to Napoleon. whom the. composer
admired as hero of democracy. However.
upon Napoleon's assuming the role of q
dictator and the title of emperor, Beet.
hoven, greatly infuriated, withdrew the
planned dedication and changed the title
from "Sinfonia grande: Buonaparte" to:
"Sinfonia eroica. per festeggiar Il sovvenire
dun gran uomo" C. to celebrate the menu
ory of q great mani. The symphony was
intended as a really heroic effort and Beet
hoven himself observed. This symphony.
purposedly being written at greater length
than is usual. should be played nearer tho
beginning than the end of concert. 50 that
the audience will not be too fatigued to
grasp its intended effect"
@. Was Longfellow's poem which begins.
'"Tell me not in mournful numbers, Life
Is but an empty dream" written to COM
memorate any special event in his lhe?-
G. L.
A. The psalm of Life" was written in
1888, when the poet was 81 years Of age.
and after the death Of his first wife. In
writing of it he said, II kept it some time in
manuscript unwilling to show 1t to any one.
1t being voice from my inmost heart, and
expressing my feelings at time when was
rallying from the depression Of disappoint-
ment."
Q. How many books were lost by German
libraries during World War u?-J. c. r.
A. The war losses Of all German libraries
during the war have been estimated at
between 20 and IS million volumes. In the
State Library at Munich alone about half =
million books were destroyed.
Evening star., 1949-07-05

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
1uriter. although 1t is permissible for
a 1Driter kno1Dn to The Star to use
a nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1949-07-05
Different Types" Of Food
In Different Pentagon Dining Rooms.
M - xs;x.. m. A<sy.

In Different PentaEon Dining Rooms.
To the Editor Of The Star:
Three cheers for the article in The Star
about the special dining rooms Of the
Pentagon building. However, one thing was
omitted-the types Of food served IN each
dining room.
The typical menu in the civilians dining
room is chicken croquettes. lamb pie, chow
mein, hamburger steak: not all in
the same day. mind you But do they ever
get chicken. or lamb chops. or steak? No.
those items are reserved for the brass" )"
served in the nag officers and generals
dining rooms.
It may be argued that the cAF-2-11 and
their equivalents cannot normally afford
lamb chops or chicken or steak for lunch,
hence It is not made available In their dining
room. hut who has the right to dictate
such tastes? II the messenger-boy wants
steak for lunch. and has the dollar ana
half to pay for it, why shouldn't he have
the opportunity to order steak, as he would
In any restaurant In toFn7 CIVILIAN.