Evening star., 1949-07-22

Western Europe in serving notice
on any present-day aggressor that
these IL countries win regard an
attack against any one of them
as an attack against all.
Described by Chairman Con-
nally of the Senate Foreign Rela-
tions Committee as an alliance for
peace, the pact seeks to prevent
another war by having these IL
nations work together to develop
the strength to discourage any
potential aggressor.
Senator Vandenberg, Republi-
can, of Michigan joined Senator
Connally in this hopeful view of
, the treaty and took most of the
Republican Senators with him.
Senator Taft opposed it to the
end on the ground that the arms
program which is to follow may
hasten another war. The Ohio
Senator predicted today the
treaty supporters will have diff
ficult time" getting the arms pro-
gram through.
Economy Drive a Factor.
The economy drive, which a
coalition of Republicans and
Southern Democrats are getting
ready to launch in the closing
days of the session, will not make
the path of the arms program
arv smoother.
Although the treaty Is a notice
to any aggressor. Senators frankly
debated it for two weeks as step
made necessary by Russia's OBJ
structionist tactics in the United
Nations and the Communist ex-
pansion in Eastern Europe and the
Orient
The groundwork for the treaty
was laid last year. when the Sem
ate passed the Vandenberg resolu-
tion. expressing its belief in the
need for regional defense pacts,
and a stronger U. N. to insure
peace.
The three vital parts of the pact
are Articles 3, S and 9.
Mutual Aid Pledge.
In Article 3 the United States,
Canada, England, France, Italy,
Norway, Denmark. Belgium, the
Netherlands, Luxembourg, Iceland
and Portugal pledge continuous
and effective self-help and mutual
aid" to develop their individual
and collective capacity to resist
an attack.
In Article they promise each
other that an attack against one
will be regarded as an attack
against all. but each nation will
decide. in accordance with its con-
Stitutional processes, the steps
necessary to be taken to restore
peace in any given situation. The
use of armed force is one Of the
steps mentioned. but treaty sup
porters emphasized the United
States would not be at war au-
tomatically when an attack oc-
Cured on one of the other nations.
They pointed out that border
incidents might occur. which
could be dealth with in other ways.
They conceded that an all-out in
vasion, such as started World
Wars and II. would mean an
other war. Leading speakers for
the pact asserted, however, that,
with or without the pact, a major
war in Europe inevitably would
endanger the United States. Their
chief plea for the pact was that
advance knowledge of this coun-
try's intention to join in stopping
any aggressor will be a powerful
deterrent.
In Article 8 the treaty nations
will set up a joint council for
consultation on implementing the
treaty. including the creation of
a committe to recommend defense
plans.
Acheson Halls Vote.
After the treaty has been in
force for 10 years any party may
request consultations for the pur-
pose of reviewing it in the light
of world conditions at that time.
After 20 years any party may
withdraw.
Secretary Of State Acheson said