davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15
Corn on Contour
Stops Erosion
BY KARL F. DURKEY
McCone County

WE ARE IN the section of Nc
Cone county where it is dry from
early spring to July, outside of two
or three showers.
My corn on the contour was plant
ed May %, 1948. I planted it late
on account of dry weather. l har-
rowed the corr four times and Gull
tivated it once before July Z. Why
the corn came up I don't know, but
it did. 1t stood about 6 inches high
with a sickly yellow color to it on
July 7. That day, I finished culti-
waiting it for the first time and that
night it rained and was a good rain.
Then on July 10 it rained, this
time making the creek bank full.
The contour did not wash but the
rest of the ground surely did. / cul-
tivated the corn again and then on
July 19 we had another heavy rain
which ran off and did severe dam
age to all my fields except the con-
tour.
On July 20 two heavy rains came
down, but the contour still did not
wash. Then on Aug. 6 came a hail
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15
[ Find 1t Pays
To Undergraze
By E. D. D~AUGHERTY,
MusSelShell County

1 HAVE ONLY been in Montana
three years so I haven't proved much
of value. However, here are the
most important features of range
management which l try to practice.
First, development of water sup
plies not too far apart. This will
make for more uniform grazing with
better utilization of the grass grown
and fewer tramped out areas near
the water. Water not only for sum-
mel but water that can be opened
important.
Second, do not overgraze any por-
ton of your range if you want the
ultimate in grass production. Leave
some cover to hold run off. Either
rain or snow water will hold much
better if some vegetation is left to
form little dams between the grass
punches. Then evaporation is much
less when the u and wind does
not hit the ground or grass wv
Third, make your pastures as
small as practicable to keep your
cattle scattered in smaller punches
and save over grazing part of your
range, which is usually very noticea-
BILE in open range or large pasture.
Also placing your salt boxes about
half way between waterings makes
for uniform use of range.
Of course, I could ramble on this
way all night but will say this:
After your water supplies are de-
veloped, put three where you think
you a run four and sleep without
worry.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15
Song Of The Lazy Farmer

nobody found a cleaner house for
miles around. But now the morn
ing starts to fade before she gets
the beds all made, and dishes
from two meals or three pile up
for visitors to see. But even worse,
when l suggest we hire a girl so
she can rest, Mirandy flares right
up, by gee, and tries to pin the
blame on me.
She claims she's just as good as
e'er at doin' her homework with
r The trouble lately, she main
tains, is that with all my aches
and pains, I sit around all day in
doors so she has got to do my
chores, and that means all her
work is stopped It'll cows are
MIXED and hogs are stopped. Be-
sides, she says, old msn like me
are lots more work than young
ones be, especially when SO many
kin and friends are always drop
pin in. All would be fine if, she
ayers, I'd do my work or help
with hers; which goes to prove
again to me, I should keep my
mouth shut, by gee.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15
Spray Rids Cattle
Of Flies, Lice
By JACOB BIEBER
McC cone County

/ SPRAYED 100 head of cattle
and they had no flies on them at
all. An all-steel factory built chute
with 20 nozzles on it-spraying from
bottom, sides, top, front and back
using between $50 and 400 pounds
pressure was used. The minute the
lever was pulled the COW in the
chute was completely wet. 1t is an
expensive machine, costing $1,000,
but as five of us farmers bought
this machine together, it is econom-
ical.
You must have a chute about 16
feet long before you get to the ma
chine SO the cattle will go in better.
You can spray the cattle as fast as
they car walk through the machine.
We sprayed these 100 head of cattle
in less than an hour. We used about
z gallons of DOT and $50 gallons
of water. Of course, we wasted
quite a bit of spray. We really
didn't need the solution so strong.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15
Heavy Calves Are Cheapest
Beef to Produce
BY JACK DOYLE, Jefferson County

back quite a bit. For us calves gain
most when moved least.
Our calves are vaccinated at about
three months old for shipping fever
and blackleg (heifers for Bangs
later on). When we sell Jul calves,
we drive the cows to the corrals just
at the time trucks get to the ranch,
work the steer calves out easy and
load. Calves hardly ever know the
mother is gone till they are unloaded
and weighed. In that way they do
not bawl away good beef pounds.
Our cattle are kept gentle enough so
the handling is easy.
Our main idea is to get as many
pounds on each calf as we car be-
tween birth and weaving time and
keep it after we get it. We used to
drive calves to shipping points, but
it cost US too much in pounds lost
per calf.
Why Heavy Calves?
Our idea in raising heavy calves
is this: All we have to winter is the
cow to get $50 to 800 pounds of beef.
eve have raised compound average
~calves.) l never could figure where
that many beef pounds could be had
at any other age of a steer during
its life for the price the calf beef
costs us. And l have worked with
and fed all ages of steers, both hay
and grain on ranches I worked n
I have worked for some pretty
good ranchers and feeders in differ
ent parts of the country and never
saw cattle run as we do. I always
figured bigger calves could be raised
than any that I ever saw on ranches
where I have worked and figured out
our way to do it and it seems to
work for us.
When a mar averages his steer
calves, every one on the ranch, il
takes good Hereford calves to &C
close to 800 pounds, we think.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15

storm with plenty of heavy rain. The
hail cleaned out the wheat 100 per-
zen and damaged the corn. But the
corn came out of its setback and
sure did grow. When l cut the corn
Con the contour) it stood 6 feet and
better while the rest was from 6 feet
in the low spots to almost nothing
on the high ground. The contour
corn had one and two fair ears on
each stalk, while the other had only
a few ears in the field and the rest
were nubbins and not too many of
them.
The cultivator burrows sure held
the water from running off and
they didn't make washouts like the
rest of my cornfields had after the
rains.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15
Fallow Barley, Rape

RAPE SEED and barley plus more
summerfallow will be the answer to
the wheat acreage allotment pro-
gram at the c. w. thinner farm,
Judith Basin county. Of his 1,120
acres in wheat thinner has summer
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15
Farm and Ranch Experiences

thing about the cow end first, as
that's the most important beginning
of getting our heavy calves on the
scales.
To begin with, we start by giving
our weane heifer calves all the hay
they can eat and just enough grain to
get them used to being handled and
gentle besides keeping them in good
shape for spring turn out. AS year
lings we put them on a good pasture,
all the hay they can eat in the second
winter, no grain after calf year.
We never breed our heifers till
they are past 2 years of age so that
none will calve till they are a full
3 year old. In that way we get
what is most important to us, a good
full grown first calf cow, not a small
cow which raises a small calf and
seldom grows out right herself. We
never have to pull a calf or have a
COW die at calf birth as is the case in
many 2-year-old calving heifers.
Some might think that waiting till
a cow is three years old for the first
calf causes you to lose one calf dur
ing lifetime of a COW. However, it's
just the opposite. In this way your
cows are so much larger that when
you sell your COW on the market you
can figure to get back about 200
pounds extra weight over small COWS.
Figure this 200 pounds and the
extra weight gained on two calf
crops from your good cow over the
weight of calves from small cows
and you have gotten your lost q
year-old heifer calf back. From then
on the rest of the calves extra weight
is money in the pocket each year.
AS you can see, u COWS tend to
be large enough to raise a good calf
first year. That is our first step to-
ward the beef calves.
Now about the calf. The cows al
ways get all the hay they can eat,
starting in December and running
through to the first part of May. This
tends to make them give a lot OF
milk for the baby calf. Some cows
must be MIXED out for a time but
the new calf soon takes all of it anc
you can almost see him grow from
the start.
Keep Calves Growing
We never turn COWS off hay ant
make them rustic in spring. Their
must be plenty of green feed befor
we stop the hay. Cows give NOR
milk and calves keep growing whel
they go on good feed from hay. ]
is easy for a calf to take a setbac
if the cows milk Stacks up at tur
out time. Then he gains nothin
and gets a poor start.
From turn out time we do not Il
a pasture get fed off close, but tur
to a new one and keep changir
pastures. Calves seems to do bett'
when the pasture is changed evel
six months or so. They seem to e
more and cows milk more.
Also, we never run our cows al
calves but handle them slow.
gentle calf will put On more poun
for us than a spunky one Also, VIII
a feeder gets one of our calves, it
ready to eat and not u around
feed lot for a month before it sett
down to gaining.
Calves averaged 583h pounds
1947 and 500 pounds in 1913 at wes
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15

l KNOW that ev'ryone grows
old, but still it's shocking to be-
hold the evidence that someone
dear is slowing down from year
to year. At least, I guess that's
what is wrong, Mirandy isn't
going strong like she did when
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-09-02
Salmon Pack Continues
Big Gains Over Last Year

l3s; pinks. 17,776; chums, 1,560;
eohoes. 344. Total. 25.154. Last
year, 5,147.
Yakutat. This year, none. Last
year, 6,284.
Total S. E. Alaska-Reds, u.s.
$50; kings, 647; pinks, 814,219;
ehums, 35,154; eohoes, 1880.
Total, 41S,449. Last year, 250,0O4.
CENTRAL ALASKA
Copper River Reds, 46,45O:
kings, 2,105. Total. 1855. Last
year, 1876.
Resurrection Bay - Reds, al;
pinks, 2.106; chums, 26S; cohoes,
1878. Total, ass. Last year,
4,235.
Prince William Sound - Reds,
S,O92; kings, 100; pinks, 279,25S;
chums, S2,9S2; cohoes, 11,1OO. To-
tai, 375,542. Last year, 186,3O4.
Cook Inlet - Reds, 163,590;
kings, 30,7S7; pinks, 12,217;
chums, 22,924; cohoes, 24,131. To
tai, 253,649. Last year, 269,595.
Kodiak Reds, 69.759; kings,
SO7; pinks, 2OS,222; chums, 61,-
1885,; cohoes, 1926. Total, 344.7S7.
Last year, 4SS,079.
Chignik - Reds, 52,12S; kings,
100; pinks, 1858; chums, 11,247;
cohoes, rs. Total, 67,536. Last
year, Ill, 73O.
Total Central Alaska - Reds,
3SS,112; kings, BATHS; pinks,
57O,191; chums, 216,776; cohoes
42,323. Total, 1,252,11S. Last year,
!, 242,815.
WESTERN ALASKA
PIT. Moller-Reds, 9,765; kings,
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-09-02

The canned salmon pack In
Southeastern Alaska is way ahead
of last year and is continuing the
trend, according to figures released
by the Fish and Wildlife Service
In the PetersbGrg-W area
the pack was nearly tripled as
compared to last year As of last
Saturday this district showed a
pack of 171,21S cases compared
with $3.50 last year.
Throughout Alaska, however, the
pack is still 413,225 cases behind
last year due to the poor catch
in the Bristol Bay and adjacent
areas. The total pack for Alaska as
of last Saturday, was 2,8S9, 1886
cases. Last year on the same date
it was S,302,561 cases.
Figures by districts follow:
SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA
Ketchikan District-Reds 1876,
pinks 156,839, chums 24,716, CO.
hoes 1925. Total, 1886; last
year, 109,992.
West Coast-Reds $40, pinks
25,727, chums 2,577. cohoes 1886.
Total, SO.72O; last year, 2S,833.
Wrangell Petersburg Reds.
s,376; kings. 562; pinks, 39,761;
chums, 2,268; cohoes, 1850. Total,
58,117. Last year, 32,883.
Eastern-Reds, 21; kings, 7,468
chums, SIT; cohoes, 1858. Total,
1909. Last year, 1884.
Western Reds, $3.50; kings,
AZ; pinks, 66,648; chums, 1856:
cohoes, 1902. Total, 92,S33. Last
year, 5S.024.
Icy Straits-Reds, 5.436; kings,
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-09-02

1876; pinks. Sc; ehums, 4,703; CO.
hoes, lis. Total, 14,7S5. Last year,
51,346.
Yukon - Kings, S,S49. Total,
S.S49. Last year, $3.50.
Bristol Bay - Reds, 524, 044;
kings. 1880; ehums, 1864; CO.
hoes. 1862. Total, 563,020. Last
year. 1,316,168.
Total Western Alaska - Reds,
583.S09; kings, 1896; pinks, &C.;
chums, 1887: eohoes. 2.077. To-
tai, 5S6,654. Last year, 1,37S,366.
Total Alaska - Reds, 950,S10;
kings, 4S,677; pinks, 8S4,476;
chums, 289,317; cohoes, 83,940.
Total, 2,257,221. Total last year,
2,S66,185.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-09-02
MRS. HAGEN s0UTH

Mrs. Rudolph Hagen is leaving
Monday night on the Aleutian on
a vacation trip south. She will go
first to San Francisco to visit a
daughter and then will go on 10
Minneapolis, Mimi. former home
of the Hagens. to visit relatives
and friends Mrs. Hagen expects TO
be gone until spring.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-09-02
SOUTH TO SCHOOL

Sylvia Casey, local grade school
student, left this week by plane
for Winlock, Wash. where she
will attend St. Mary's Academy
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-09-02
For week ending August 81:
SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA

Ketehikan-Reds, 7,121: pinks,
354,734; chums, 4O,640; cohoes,
1921. Total, 421,4b2. Last year,
S21,8O3.
West Coast-Reds. 1877; pinks,
lis. 1896; chums, 14,263: cohoes,
1885. Total, 142,122. Last year,
118,646.
Wrangell Petersburg = Reds,
9,127; kings, 562; pinks, 142,6O9;
chums. S,4O6; cohoes, 1858. To-
tai. 171,218. Last year, $3.50.
Juneau (Eastern) Reds, go;
pinks, 34,O17; chums, 1878; CO.
hoes, 6,623. Total, 42.717. Last
year. 1898.
Juneau (Western) - Reds H.
O55; kings, 439; pinks. 177,274;
cohoes. 19,169. Total, 219,127. To-
tai last year, 96,196.
Icy Straits-Reds. 5,545; kings,
SO; pinks, 35,i39; chums, 1912;
cohoes, 74O. Total, 4g,174. Last
year. 1852.
Yakutat-None. Last year, 1928.
Total Southeastern Alaska-Reds
34,825; kings, 1,O99; pinks, S59,-
469; chums, 1878: cohoes, 66,67S.
Total 1,O41.8O0. Total last year,
64O.772.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-09-02
MRS. CHASE RETURNS


Mrs. Louis Chase and daughter
Roselyn returned home Saturday
after an absence of three months
spent in Vermont visiting relatives.
They came up on the Canadian
boat to Petersburg and flew over
from there.
Also aboard the boat were for
mer governor Mortimer Proctor
and Mrs. Proctor OF the state of
Vermont. Proctor is owner of the
Vermont Marble Works a short dis.
lance from WrangeIl. The former
governor and his wife were bound
for the Kenai Peninsula where
they will hunt Moose.
8.27O kings, 100; pinks, 273,524;
chums, S3,247. Total. 376,401. Last
year, 1S7,123.
Cook Inlet - Reds. 163,599;
kings, 3O.7S7; pinks, 1927;
ehums, 22,924; cohoes, 24,131. To-
tai, 253,64 Last year, SO6,46S.
Kodiak = Reds, 69,759; kings,
807; pinks, 208,222; chums, 61,-
1888; cohoes, 1926. Total, 344,7S7.
Last year, 491,42S.
Chignik-Reds, 54,047; kings
1874; chums, 11,315; cohoes, sos.
Total. 69,971. Last year, 111,730.
Ais. Pa, Reds, 1882; kings.
726; pinks, 7O,435; chums, 37,672;
cohoes, 1,476. Total. 158,261. Last
year, 1926.
Total Central Alaska - Reds,
39O,218; kings, Bats; pinks.
570,584; ehums, 217,592; cohOes,
1876. Total, 1,25S,9S6. Last year,
1.287,919.
WESTERN ATASvA
Pt. Moller-Reds, 1850; kings,
1875; pinks. Sc; chums. 4,S43; CO.
hoes, 1,776. Total, 1861. Last
year, $3.50.
Yukon Kings, S,S49. Total,
8,849. Last year, 1882.
Bristol Bay - Reds, 524,O44;
kings, 4,330; chums, 1854; CO.
hoes, 1852. Total, $4,000. Last
year, 1,316,168.
Total Western Alaska - Reds,
kings, 1895; pinks, 66;
chums, 1887; cohoes, S,73S. To-
tai. 58S,55O. Last year, 1,373,S7O.
Total Alaska to date aug. 27l
Reds 958,947; kings, 49,O69;
pinks, 1,43O,119; chums, SS4,SO7;
cohoes. 1922. Total, 1859, 1886.
Total last year, 3,9O2,561.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-09-02
CENTRAL ALASKA

Copper River - Reds, 46, 459:
kings, 2,105: cohoes. 2.719. Total,
51,2S3. Last year, 2O,475.
Resurrection Bay Reds, 141;
pinks, 2,212; chums. FOL; cohoes,
2,719. Total, 51,2S3. Last year,
20,475.
Prince William Sound = Reds,
Evening star., 1949-02-24
The Chef Says

bacon, and eat both bacon ana roe
together.
Or if you prefer. after parboiling
and cooling the roe, dry it we'll,
brush it with butter and lemon
juice, and broil it on a we'll
creased broiler. Baste often dur
ing the broiling process with
melted butter and lemon juice.
Serve it with the pan drippings to
which some slivered blanched al
monds have been added.
Once, when I lived in Boston,
7 had had a cook who broiled
shad roe to perfection. And with
lit she always served a sauceboat
of butter, creamed to the consist
ency of tartare sauce, and thor
oughly blended with parsley and
chives which had peen mashed
in mortar. She never would
tell me just what else she worked
into the butter, but I suspected
lemon juice and just little chervil
were the secret.
Shad roe also makes a nice
mixed grill. Broil as above, and
put on pieces of toast on a heated
platter. Garnish with curls of
bacon. thick slices of fried tomato,
a couple of small broiled sausages,
a broiled mushroom or two, and
some shoestring potatoes. You'll
find the man Of the house will go
for this In O big way.
Evening star., 1949-02-24

A reader has complained that
when I wrote about cooking shad
some time ago, I suggested broil-
ing the roe separately and serving
it with the shad-but didn't tell
her step by step procedure for
the roe. Sorry! figured that
most people knew the fundamen-
tails of coking shad roe, or could
get them from the average cook
book. But to avoid further mis-
understanding, here's the pitch:
First, you buy pair OF shad
roe. The pair usually weighs
from "a to pound; the later in
the season, the larger the roe is
general loose rule. Be sure
that the roe has been handled
carefully, and that the thin skin
or membrane has not broken;
otherwise the eggs will all come
tumbling out, and you will have
something on your hands that
can only be used in mousse or
with scrambled eggs, etc.
Parboil the roe in salted water
to cover, with one tablespoon of
vinegar to each quart of water.
Then plunge the roe into iced
water, then drain. Let cool for
five minutes. Dip the pieces in
bread crumbs, egg and crumbs
once more. Saute in hot pan with
Evening star., 1949-02-24
Special
Chill

u teaspoon onion salt or
small onions. sliced thin.
2 or 3 tablespoons beef suet.
y teaspoon garlic salt or /
garlic bud, minced.
/ tablespoon chilli powder.
l pound steak. chopped
coarsely and sprinkled with 2
tablespoons flour.
Boiling water.
u teaspoon dried marjoram
or oregano.
Use a large casserole or skill
let. Cook the onion slowly in
the fat till golden. Add the
garlic and cook five more min
utes. Remove any remaining
pieces of suet and garlic. Stir
in the chilli powder. Flour the
meat and mix into the hot pan.
Cook till the meat and onions
are Drowned. Cover with boiling
water; season with salt; cover
the skillet. Slowly cook, half an
hour; then stir the herb in;
continue cooking till the meat is
tender. Serves three or four.
Sweet or tart side dishes 60
we'll with any chilli con carne.
Shredded coconut has the right
taste accent, and a tart cram
berry relish will hit the spot.
Evening star., 1949-02-24

Sliced stuffed olives nodded in rich red tomato ospic
odds gay color note to any dinner =.
SUNDAY
shlotn Steak french Fried Potatoes
Broccoli Tomato ASpic Salad
Apple Pie cheese
Tomato Aspic Salad
envelope unhavored 194 cups hot juice
"a cup cold tomato juice Sliced stuffed olives
Soft gelatin cold tomato Heat remaining juice to
boiling but do not allow to boil Add dissolved gelatin Cool until
slightly ickened Place sliced stuffed olives the bottom of
gelatin mixture and chill until firm Fill molds full with
gelatin mixture and chill again until firm Unmod on salad
greens and serve with mayonnase If desired.
Veal Pot Roast Brouned Potatoes
Creamed Onions Fried Parsnps
Candystore Surprise Coffee
Candystore Surprise.
egg yok egg white
2 cups milk tablespoons sugar
/ tablespoon sugar "a cup crushed peanut brittle or
IA salt peppermint candy
Tablespoons quick-cookng p teaspoon vanilla
tapioca
yolk with small of the milk in
Add remaining milk TABLESPOON sugar and tapioca
medium until mixture full boil stirring
constantyhs takes to minutes do not overlook mix
tue ickens heat white until
foamy throughout Add tablespoons sugar / tablespoon at
time until mixture will stand in soft
peaks Add hot tapioca mixture stirring constantly
crushed Cool stirring after IS to 20 minutes Chill
Serve plain or with cream Makes to servings
TUESDAY.
rggsass h,Sass soass stSs o,ppe,,a!t s'es Salad
Sliced Bananas Cream cookies
Eggplant Soufhe.
tablespoons butter large eggplant
2 tablespoons flour 2 small eggpants
l cup milk teaspoons minced onion
y grated cheese eggs
y teaspoon marjoram Salt and pepper
Peel dice and cook the eggplant in boiling water until tender
the minced onion in butter until nearly
tender Add the flour and herb seasoning blend add the milk and
hickened Add the eggplant the cheese
yoks thoroughly Season lightly 1t
in the refrigerator for hours desired Give one
stir and then fold the beaten whites Place lightly in an
baking dish and bake moderate oVe $40 degrees
F., for 40 to SO minutes.
Evening star., 1949-02-24
By Violet Faulkner
TonA EAitnr


Did you ever imagine you'd be
able to keep whipping cream in
your refrigerator almost indef1-
nitely without having it sour? Or
did you ever think you'd be able to
use part of a bottle Of whipping
cream and have the remainder
keep sweet for 10 or more days?
Put it down to this modern age
we're living in!
You still can't do it with ordi-
nary cream, but there's an amaz-
ing new sterilized cream on the
market that makes both these
things possible! When I think OF
the times I've had leftover cream
sour before I had chance to use it
up, this sounds like the answer to
my problem. The astonishing
thing about this sterilized cream is
the fact it will keep sweet for
months before opening without
any chemical preservative. It's
the method of sterilizing and bot
ting that is responsible for its
remarkable keeping quality.
You whip it and flavor it with
sugar and vanilla just as you do
ordinary cream. Use as much
Cor as little) as you like, recap the
remainder, put it back in the re-
frigerator and use it any time
within the next 10 days. Just a
third of a bottle will whip up a
perfectly wonderful dessert for
two. At the 18th hour when your
husband calls he Is bringing some
visiting fireman" out to dinner,
with a bottle of this cream on
hand you can whip UP a dessert
in a jiffy. Those handy little
cookie towers are an example. All