davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-03-01
1900 Miles of Furious
Get Gumbo Flats in Grass
TIL Contour Furrosv Stages a Comeback
BY FLOYD d. LARSON, Chief, Soil and Moisture Conservation
Region :, Bureau of Land Management

that it is soil-dryness, rather than
alkah concentration, which is hold
ing back vegetative Improvement
Once the vegetation is gone on
gumbo soil it seals over, and only a
small percent of the moisture that
falls on it is absorbed into it. Con-
Sequently, there is not sufficient
moisture for plant growth.
But when large, closely-spaced
contour burrows are plowed, all the
run-off can be held in the burrows
long enough to be absorbed. The
soil thus given a new supply OF
moisture can support plants.
Note in picture l how crested
wheatgrass has grown and spread
from a contour furrow across an old
'slick-spot." It is to be expected
that in a period of time the burrows
will fill with silt. By that time they
will have served their purpose, how
ever, in fostering a good growth of
grass which will itself maintain and
improve the misunderstanding ca
pacity of the soil.
$500 Miles of Burrows
Picture 2 shows a new contour
furrowing machine in process of as
semblage. Shown from left to right
are Karl Wass, r. c. Arnold, and A.
Westermann of Glasgow, designers
of this 3k-ton monster. Arnold and
Westermann were awarded a con-
tract to pillow $500 miles of contour
burrows for the bureau of land man
agement with this goliath.
It features five double rows, of
28-inch disks spaced four feet apart
and so arranged that each front and
rear pair of disks pillow half the fur
row and throw the dirt in opposite
directions. Burrows are 8 inches
deep and one foot wide, leaving
plenty of storage space for water,
even after silt accumulates in them.
A drag will be mounted On the ma
chine, which can be lowered briefly
at intervals to drag dirt into the fur
rows and make small dams in them.
A motorized broadcast seeder will
also be mounted IN the pillow so that
the blowing and seeding car be COM
pleted in operation.
Over 1000 acres on the Willow
creek drainage alone need contour
furrowing treatment of this kind.
and present plans call for extension
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-03-01
1900 Miles of Furroevs

YOU AND I REMEMBER when
contour furrow" was murmured
with every deep breath a conserva-
ZIONIST took. But after they were
tried on many range pastures and
accomplished little except to con-
vert the peaceful old pickup into q
rarin' and buckin' outlaw in the best
rodeo tradition every time it crossed
the pasture, the enthusiasm for con-
tour burrows ebbed sudden-like.
1t became evident at once that a
medium-to-coarse textured soil, with
a good vegetative mantle on top of
it, was porous enough to catch and
absorb run-off waters and needed no
further treatment to accomplish that
purpose. But now, through the soil
and moisture conservation program
of the bureau of land management,
the contour-furrow is staging a
comeback, not as a panacea for all
erosion troubles, but as an effective
conservation treatment on gumbo
soil flats.
While the percentage Of heavy
gumbo soils in Montana is not great,
it so happens that the bureau of land
management formerly the grazing
service) is custodian of a great acre
age of such lands. The reason for
this is that such lands were not suf-
~ficiently productive to be selected
to go into private ownership in the
homestead days.
It also happens that these gumbo
soil areas are erosion problem areas
because they have been exception
ally slow to recover their original
density of vegetative cover after the
i'll effects of the long period of I'M
controlled grazing prior to passage
of the Taylor grazing act.
Burrows Seeded 10 Grass
One. of the largest tracts of these
crossword and saltsage flats is on
Willow creek, between Fort Peck
and Glasgow. After years of patient
small-scale trials of various conser-
walton treatments, the bureau of land
management has worked out a con-
s~ervation program and is now
launching a full-scale attack on the
range erosion problem. Prominent
in this program is the use of contour
burrows reseeded to crested wheat
grass.
Results at Willow creek indicate
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-05-15

home cistern, and it still functions
satisfactorily. The diagram shows
the general construction.
A drain in the lowest part of the
bottom and protected by a cap of
very fine copper screening conducts
the water into the cistern. Above
this is a 6-inch layer of sand, then
about a 6-inch layer of coarse char
coal, then about Is inches of clean
fine sand. A few inches of coarse
stones on top will help to protect the
sand from washing. The charcoal
is not absolutely necessary, but helps
to remove color and odors from the
rain water.
1t is well to provide a small sur
plus of sand, as the top two inches
of sand should be scraped off after
each heavy rain and washed thor
oughly before being replaced, and
some may be needed to make up the
losses. A good sand filter properly
cared for furnishes soft water for
laundry use, cooking, bathing, etc.
OF even for drinking if one does not
object to a very slight smoke taste.
However, if you wish clear pure
rain water with no slightest color
o taste, you should build a soft
brick filter in the cistern in addition
to the washer cut-out and sand and
charcoal filter. This is a wall across
the cistern and to a height slightly
above the overflow, built of care
fully selected soft brick laid on their
sides and with the joints very care
fully cemented with rich mortar, so
that the water fed into the larger
compartment from the sand filter
must all filter through the bricks
themselves into the delivery or
pumping side.
Some plans show a small beehive
shaped closed chamber in the bottom
of the cistern for the pumping cham
Der; but this is wrong, as there will
be a slow collection of very fine silt
inside this chamber with no chance
TO clean it out.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-05-15
Farm Mechanics
Handy Farm Ideas
Ru w DCKERSON
By |. w. DICKERSON
WANTS CISTERN FILTER

F. H. Writes: "Please tell me how
to build a cistern filter to keep the
SCOT and other impurities out of the
cistern."
There are different ways by which
cistern water can be kept clean. One
of these is the washer cut-out, a by
pass valve in the d~ownspout, which
allows the roof water to bypass into
the waste spout until the roof and
cutters have been thoroughly
cleaned of dust, SCOT, bird droppings,
etc.
The most common and by far the
most important way of keeping els
tern water clean is the sand filter.
This usually consists of a box about
80 inches square and SO inches deep,
preferably of reinforced concrete,
and usually set on top of the cistern
platform. I built one of a section of
large tile many years ago for the
Ece..1s9
...-..s o-s a::. se-@~ go
Cove 6CN~<eo~I
N1@Es
m @[E y~
q 60
8 SoT sxteS
E SILrk<
IE REcIxSF~e
p cA>@1ekR
& ~chsresx H555
WALL
CSTeRN
Evening star., 1949-08-04
; Negroes First Victims
OF New Anfi-Mask Law
By the Assoeiuted Press

OZARK, Ala, Aug. 4.-Three
self styled Negro Ku Kluxers who
put on sheets and chased two Ne.
gro girls down an Ozark street
the night of July IA face fines
ranging up to $500 apiece.
The three were the first persons
arrested under Alabama's five.
week old anti-masking law, which
forbids the wearing of masks OF
hoods In public. They accused
the Negro girls Of misconduct
State Investigator c. s. Prier said
today.
I'VE need some kind Of organ.
ization to stop these girls, Priel
quoted one Of the trio, Tommie
johnson, as saying. I'VE ought
to whip them"
A whimsical touch was added tc
the episode when the three Ne
groes wrote threatening notes to
themselves to get out Of town
in the apparent hope. Mr.. Prier
said. that relatives would provide
them with travelling expenses.
Besides johnson, those arrested
were Raymond McClendon and
Robert Edward Lee Miller. A
fourth member, a minor, was
turned over to juvenile authorities.
Two other men are being sought,
Mr.. Prier said.
Evening star., 1949-08-04
In Hospital Since June.

OrlZcQ LQOSe 1OuT uuIuOcTS OH tIle
box.
In Hospital Since June.
It was on June 20 when Billy
entered the hospital for his fourth
operation-this time a piece Of
the bone from his upper left leg
and thigh were to be. used. That
was when doctors discovered the
tumor. Billy had been in the hos
pital since.
Just before he went to the
operating table Tuesday his father
whispered in his ear that the boys
special friend, Mate" who sold
him the popsicles had bet a quar-
ter he'd forgotten the number on
the fire box. Billy quoted the four
|numbers-8389-in rapid success
sion and his black eyes flashed Just
a little brighter than usual when
he said:
That's five more popsicles for
me when I leave here. Dad"
In addition to his parents, Billy
Is survived by two sisters, Miss
Anne Fague, of the Seventh street
address, and Mrs. Virginia Brady,
Arlington, and q 10 year old
brother, Tommy.
Funeral services will be held at
2 pm. tomorrow in the Hines
funeral home, 2901 Fourteenth
street NV. Burial will be in
Arlington Cemetery.
Evening star., 1949-08-04
Boy, 4, Who Tried Half His Life
Walk, Dies of Brain 7umor
Billy Fogue, Born
With Rare AiIment,
Was Tough Luck Kid

Four-year-old Billy Fague, who
was born with a rare deformity
in his lower leg and had battled
more than half his life to walk
like his neighborhood pais. is dead
The death of the plucky young
ster was not caused by the ailment
that had kept his left leg in a cast
for the last 21a years, but by
tumor at the base of his brain
He died Tuesday in Gallinger Hos
pital after an operation.
Billy, who lived at 63l6 Seventh
street NV, was the pride Of the
neighborhood. Countless friends
had visited him at home and in
Gallinger Hospital, where he had
undergone three operations.
Hope Never Faltered.
He was is months old when he
first began walking. 1t was only
several months later that his
family noticed him limping. When
taken to the hospital doctors
found that several inches of bone
was missing in his left leg. In
its place was fibrous tissue which
doctors said gave the appearance
Of another leg joint. 1t was
then that Billy realized it wa!
more difficult to hop, skip and rur
with his friends, especially with
that heavy cast on his leg. Bu
his was the courage Of youth ane
his hope never faltered through
two operations.
His mother, Mrs. Eloise Haislir
Fague, gave five inches of the bone
in her left leg to fill the space
left by her child's removed "false
joint" Yet another operation hae
to be performed when skin wa!
grated from his body to replace
the dead tissue.
1.-THE tough luck kid" as neigh.
bors murmured in their prayers
never missed a day that his father
Ferguson F'ague, retired Census
Bureau employe. and World Wal
I Artillery captain. didn't push
him four miles in the wheel chail
to get a popsicle, say hello to
the fireman he knew, or maybe
feed the birds In the park
Then there was that fire alarm
box at the corner of Seventh and
Whittier street NV. Billy mem.
Evening star., 1949-08-04
GobIe Bids Fond Adieu
To Goddard at PIone
BY the kssoeiotsd Press

LOS ANGELES, Aug. A.
"Good-by, sugar." said Paulette
Goddard; "Good-by, honey" said
Clark Gable at Los Angeles airport
last night, as Miss Goddard left
for Mexico City to star in a movie
They arrived in Cables chauf-
feured Rolls-Royce, then posed fol
photographers.
The actress declined to say
whether their appearance together
indicated a romance, but Gable
replied: II don't think so. Just say
we're a couple Of long time
friends"
Evening star., 1949-08-04

The average number of fatal
tiles due to accidents is nearly
loo, 900 q year in the United States.
Evening star., 1949-08-04
Orchids again. Friday
at Franc jewelers.!

Actual sketch Of
orchids given to
each visitor Thurs
day and Friday
Evening star., 1949-08-04

WE ARE REMODELING OUR ENTIRE
w MAIN FLOOR-our Hat, Shoe, Sports
wear, Robe, Pajama, Luggage and Novelty
Departments will be rearranged and re-
modelled to make your shopping easier and
to give you the finest service possible.
Limited space allows us to list but few Of
the hundreds of extraordinary values
throughout the store!
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1949-05-02

but not to prevent it's showing.
"The Respectable Prostitute"
Written by French playwright
Jean Paul. Sartre, the high priest
of existentialism in France, had
"a long run on Broadway and put
into stardom John Marriott, well
known Negro actor. In it's origi-
nal form, it was a melodrama
drama about a lynching in the u.
S.. To protect a white man who
wantonly murdered a Negro, the
leading citizens of a southern
town f~raudently declared that the
dead Negro and another Negro
with whom he was travelling at
time had raped a white woman.
The white woman was the respec-
full prostitute of the title. The
play opened with the town search
ing for the second Negro, acted
Continued on Page ~
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1949-05-02
Linden Center News

The Linden Center ping pong
team met. and defeated the Hi
Grade Center team Tuesday night
with the following scores.
In the four single matches,
Chuck Owings, Linden Center, de-
feated Ed Garrett, Hi-Grade, 22-
20, 1920. Jesse Johnson, Linden
Center edged out Charles Blair,
Hi-Grade, 21-8, 1921, 1921.
Don Jackson, Linden Center, wal
Hoped Larry Schilling (H-G)s 81
10, 21-15. Art Blocker, (H-G)
edged Otis Little, (LC) 21-16, IT.
21, 1921.
In the two doubles matches
Chuck Owings and Don Jackson
(LC) beat Ed Garrett and Charles
Blair (H-G), 1921, 21-13, 21-16.
Charles and Howard Jackson.
(LC) walloped Larry Schilling and
Art BECKER (H-G), 21-13, 21-14.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1949-05-02
1.-THE Respectable
P~rosiiiuie' 10 Chicago
Original - A Disgrace

CHICAGO, May 2-(ANP)
-Chicago's Mayor Martin Ken
nelly and Police Commissioner
John Prendergast found them
selves in a peculiar situation las
week over a stage play. Samuel
P. Gerson, general manager OF
the Shubert theatres, asked and
was granted official permission to
present in May a revised version
of the much discussed play, "The
Respectable Prostitute", which
was banned by the police depart
ment here in December, in the
Harris theare.
The city officials, who described
the play as immoral and a disgrace
to the Negro race in it's original
version in December, said they
have the power t o close a play,
Evening star., 1949-10-10
But These SpseioI Prices Are for Week Only

FL PATIO, dstnetiveIy simple shape in glorious Coli.
fornio coors Rich grape purple, turquoise, maroon eoro
or matt gray. List price, 40. SPse'a' $4.93
DESERT ROSE, a more feminine embossed and
hand painted undereoze design, approaching Apple in
popularity List price, $500 Special $9.95
CORONADO, swirl pattern in modernist maroon or
lovely matt finished Of turquoise ivory coro
List price, $3.50. spseisI $5.95
APPLE, long popular embossed and hand painted de-
sion . undereioze that helped make franciscan Ware
fon,ous One Of the most cheerful poterns List price
$3.50. Special 1895
IVY, newcomer everyone exeIoins over. oroceful en-
bossed wreo shades Of green on ivory tone List price,
$500. Special S9.95
wAI-ohina. Fifth Floor
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1949-07-15

The replacement desks the classroom in the Key
School concerning which testimony photo
graph introduced the trial o case.
5lhat The defendants and their hereby
sed to provide reasonably safe and comfortable vehicle
transportation of Negro pupils from
Emmanuel High School and employ regular driver operate
said vehicle
are hereby directed to take steps cooperation with the Board
Directors of Emmanuel School District
W Ark to bring the aceredtaton the
from grade c. rating grade "a rating.
That subject TO the privilege of completing the elementary
school building for white students under
PENDANTS and their they hereby
buildings education of white students
and making improvements upon existing white school
buildings facilities including
school at Dewitt when completed until
plant Of the Negro elementary school Dewitt
the white elementary school,
average daily attendance of the students
tary schools together with other pertinent factors,
the defendants or their successors in office find
additional
white students in the City of Dewitt they do
such additional funds
enJoned from expendng all
elementary school for white students commanded
CURED to poae such funds raised
elementary school system and the Negro elementary school
such proraton be based
Of the students said elementary systems
the system
peon of building amount aocaed the Negro
elementary school be physical
of such system.
sat their successors in office be- and they
are hereby perpeuay restrained
utilizing eXpendng funds coming their
manner as to discriminate against the Negro school system
Negro students of the said school district
0That if the office shall find
impossible for to the
rating within reasonable time they hereby
make other whereby
snay equal to those furnished to white high school students
reasonably accessible to such Negro high students
1.-The costs of this action hereby taxed against the defend
ants in their official capacities
oil the funds of Dewitt Special School District No /.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1949-07-15
Text Of Decree Rendered In The Dewitt
School Suit Prosecuted By Mr.. Flowers
lSee story on page one)

THAT all Negro children the of
residing within the boundaries of Dewitt Special School District No
of Arkansas
Amendment IA the Constitution
provisions Of Section of Article IA Constitution
OF Arkansas together with Act 1863
1881 amended ARK Stats l9i7 009 public educational
ties substantially equal those provided
SAID residing within the
and that it the
cessors in office to provide such facilities
THAT the public educational facilities provided
eden within the above mentioned residing within said
school district substantially
white children school residing
the defendants herein their
equalze said facilities within reasonable either
the educational facilities Negro students by reducing the
facilities offered to the white
3-That the defendants in
are hereby directed equalze the length school
wit Negro elementary school commonly
elementary school either by increasing the
term the Negro school by
school Said defendants
take steps eqae the length the school
attending the Emmanuel term
LOT white students attending the Dewitt High School,
the frightening
high School by shortening the term the Dewitt
ana further ordered be
beginning the of the l9950 school
ants and their in office pepetuay enoned
prohibited from maintaining public their district
the policy of offering instruction
those IN which instruction offered
er enoned from requiring Negro residing
aries of their district district where
The length of
White students within said district
THAT the defendants their
are hereby directed effect within dispatch
reasonable the following
OF the Negro elementary school Dewitt Arkansas:
IA connection with the system
the installation Of modern adequate flush toilets in
SIDE OF the elementary school building
bThe installation indoor drinking fountains in
elementary
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1949-07-15

by acting Commissioner Roy
known throughout many years
to be liberal minded gentle
man Small wonder that he
sought TO choose his jury without
regard of race, creed, or color.
The Negroes were disqualified for
service in this particular case a.
long with 40-odd other men but
for strictly legal reasons only
Regardless of what is thought Of
voiced il seems that Mr.. Cham
berlain has broken the ice anC
shattered an 80-year-old tradition
.. a. w. Jones, insurance sales.
man for Home Life, hit The jack
pot in Malvern's Treasure Chest
last Wednesday for $500 Mr..
Jones was not on hand to receive
it. but the big boss. Mrs A. w,
was EAST MALVERN-Mr and
Mrs. Preston Jones of Waterbury.
Conn. are spending their vaea-
ton in the home of Rev. and
Mrs r. Gloster The S. W. dis
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1949-07-15
Malvern
Jimmie Atkinson

For the first time since recon-
struction days, Negroes were call
ed on for jury duty in Hot Spr-
ings County in a court case that
ranks well among the most sem
sational and noteworthy ever to
be tried in this circuit. The state
of Arkansas versus Clifton Sto-
vall--a case that required more
than 30 hours 10 dispose of. II wa.
an all-White panel, however. who
after only 10 minutes of delibera.
ton in the quiet hour of midnight
submitted It's verdict of mot gull
~" thereby declaring Stovall a
free man Negroes called for jury
duty were: Henry Miller, shoe
maker; A w. Jones. Insurance
salesman; T d. Turner. architect
and carpenter; Perry Whitlow sr.,
druggist; and James Knight, bar
Der. These men were summonded
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1949-07-15
B Ed B j 6 s
Reaches All Insects

Now science brings you the
wonder killer. the newly devel.-
oped ALLDEAD containing D
DIT and the terepane chemicals.
Danish bedbugs and sleep we'll
tonight. Kill germ carrying
reaches, destructive ants, buzz
ing flies, singing mosquitoes.
and rid yourself permanently
of all insects with ALLDEAD
as thousands or satisfied users
have done. Guaranteed to work
or money back. Send So today
for chemicals for one gallon of
ALLDEAD-ON OUR ALSO
Lutte MONEY BACK GUAR
ANTEE that you must be sat.
isfied or money returned. Avi
now. Write New York Insects~
eide Company, Dept. 30s, 15z
w. 42nd ST., New York, N. Y.
7:a-f5-22-29 II
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1949-07-15

problems affecting the eduea ton
al secretary as. guidance ARD per-
sonal, democratic institutional or
ganization and public relauans.
In addition, Mrs. Hughes viii pre-
sent the results of a study she
completed recently. dealing srith
functions performed by aec<ar>-
les OF Oklahoma College.
A graduate of Hampton rnsti--
tute, Mrs. Hughes has been con-.
nected with Langston university
for six years. On the campus she
is member Of the Faculty Wo--
mems council, the Executive
council and the Artist Serin
committee. She is a member q
Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1949-07-15
By BETTY BARCLAY

Do You Keep a list of guests
whom you like to invite for dinner
every so often? Or perhaps. like
many OF us proerastinators. you
have list of people whom yor
never actually get around To in
Yitirg. though you always intend TO
Hcres a new kind ~ guest list
TO keep: one listing the dishes you
are sure viii please a visitor
These should he sure-flre successes
49, the kind tn don't fail you at
the last moment.
Yon might start file OF this sort
with ;hree basic types OF dishes;
an en1ree which can be quickly
mad. for unexpected guests; a
fancy company salad, and a popular
dessert For the entree, try Sal
mon Savories, n good year round
specially with the ingredients al
ways ready on the pantry shell
These &ayories may be enhanced
with your own special sauce. such
az screamed fresh peas. And iu q
colorfm party salad, here's = Rib
bon Salad recipe which il as'olly
appealing for summer meals. And
what guest wouldn't like home
made Butterscotch acebox Cake -
q favorite dcssert for summer or
winter.
Truly, Q handy list of popular
guest dishes can give inspiration TO
any kind Of entertaining problems.
eaiMoN Saversss
IN cups corn fakes
1 cup faxed canned salmon
4 teaspoon salt
Dash OF pepper
u teaspoon Worcestershire sauce
a teaspoon scraped onion
egg. beaten with I tablespoons
milk and dash Of salt ..
OCorn fakes
Crush N cups corn fakes Add
salmon, seasonings. onion. And 2
tablespoons egg mixture, mixing
we'll. Shape into 2.inch cakes. Roll
In additional corn fakes, slightly
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1949-07-15
langston Staff
Member Appointed
To Univ. Of Utah

Mrs, Theresa p. Hughes, Seere-
tary to the President of Langston
university, Langston, Oklahoma,
has been invited to serve as con-
sultant at the Institute for Educa-
tional Secretaries to be held July
10 through July % at the UNIVERSE
ty at Utah. The Institute is be-
ing supported jointly by the Ma
tional Association of school Sec