davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget., 1949-03-18
Army Engineers To Study Alaskan Water Power
 POtentialities
Confined from Page One)

Confined from Page One) banding population for power, flood control navigation and other water uses"
 He said the investigations would not duplicate the actual work done by the bureau of reclama- ton engineers recently in Alaska.
 indications are," he added, "that the regions industrial ex- pansion will be relatively rapid in the next few years with resulting increased demand for electric power. At present, including util- ities and industrial units of all kinds, Alaska has only 74,000 kilo- "Sourdough Pioneers Special and "Businessmen's Special" ," would leave Fairbanks the morn ing of March 26 and arrive at Jun eau that evening, after a stop at Anchorage to pick up members of the party.
 HolZWorth said he had wired Governor Gruening that his ''gra- cious invitation to opponents of your nomination" is accepted Yesterday Gruening said if he knew where to send an invitation he would invite opponents to a dinner at the Governors mansion
The Nome nugget., 1949-03-18

sell.
 During the evening a buffet supper was served. Rev. Harold Small, visiting Provincial, was a special guest for the evening.
Evening star., 1949-02-02
A Soldiers General Retires

General Courtney H. Hodges, who has
retired after forty-tbree years OF out
standing Army service, was G1s general
in every sense of the term. He typif1ed
the sort of "hrass" which soldiers want in
command of their outfits when the going is
rugged. For General Hodges had been a
CT himself and one who had earned pro-
motion from buck private to four-star
commander by demonstrated merit as a
leader of men.
General Hodges did not have to resort
to martinez methods to insure discipline.
In every command he assumed he made it
plain that he had little use for Prussian-
ISM 1--WE are not like the Germans, and
that is as it should be-" he once remarked.
But, without spectacular methods, he
gained and maintained the respect of his
men and by example, inspired them to do
brave and seemingly impossible deeds. 1t
was no accident that found him elevated
I'd command of the First Army after Gen
eral Bradley had stepped up to group
commander. From the hedgerows Of Nor
mandy he sent his forces roaring across
France, Belgium and Germany to the
Rhine, which his troops were first to cross
via the captured Remagen bridgehead.
Throughout these brilliant actions no
officer was calmer yet more alert to the
developing dangers confronting his men
than the commanding general of the First
He exposed himself to enemy fire on many
Evening star., 1949-02-02
Loud Speaking on the Court

1t would be hard to conceive of more
badly divided Supreme Court than thai
which has just sustained a Trenton, New
Jersey, ordinance curbing the use of sounc
trucks on the city streets.
The majority opinion was written by
Justice Reed, the Chief Justice and Justice
Burton joining with him. They agreed tc
sustain the challenged ordinance on the
theory that 1t applies only to vehicles
with sound amplifiers emitting loud and
raucous noises" 49,,
Justice Jackson and Justice Frankfnrter
wrote separate concurring opinions They
went further than their three brethren in
the majority, apparently agreeing that. in
the absence of censorship, municipalities
can not only regulate but absolutely pro-
hibit any use of sound trucks. Justice
Frankfurter, although agreeing with JUS
tice Reed as to the sound trucks, took
issue with a reference in his majority
opinion to "the preferred position of free
dom of speech"
Justice Murphy dissented, but neither
wrote an opinion nor concurred in those
Of the other dissenters.
Justice Black wrote a dissent in which
Justice Douglas and Justice Rutledge con-
Cured Justice Black said he was not
opposed to reasonable restraints on the use
of sound trucks He took the view, how
ever, that the Trenton ordinance was an
absolute prohibition, and, moreover, tat
the man accused under it is to be punished
"for an offense with which he was not
charged, to prove which no evidence was
offered, and of which he was not con-
victed." Justice Black also suggested that
If loud speakers can be prohibited without
trespass on the right of free speech,
there is a threat to such other media as
the press radio and movies.
Justice Rutledge wrote an additional dis
sent in which he chided the majority for
not agreeing upon what constituted the
crime, and in which he also took issue
with Justice Frankfurter's disagreement
with Justice Reeds observation on the
preferred position of free speech.
One suspects that the angels would hesi-
tate to expose themselves to this judicial
crossire. Certainly, no layman in his
senses is going to rush into the fray. The
average citizen will content himself with
the one clear fact which emerges from
this welter of opinions-namely that the
court, which last year struck down New
York ordinance regulating sound trucks, is
now willing to sanction some restraint on
this mechanical menace. That is some
thing to be thankful for We have been
living in an age in which mankind has
seemed to worship at the altar of loud,
raucous noises. But perhaps this decision
marks turn. Maybe those of us whose
nerves are at the breaking point can hope
for little peace and quiet.
Evening star., 1949-02-02
Portrait

Across the fields of memory see
Him as he paused moments time for
rest
The Dind'S long fingers in his bushy hair,
The team relared and freed from urgent
reinS
Proud son of Scotland, yet this soil was
hts
He loved the summer song of corn and
stored
A measure in his soul against the hush
OF sleeping acres blanketed Dith snoU
A silent man his 1DordS 1Dere studied,
clipped,
Not something to be tossed along the ,Dind
As autumn leaves are tossed Most
carefully
He placed them Uhere they serUed
Uorthy end
Words plump with wtsdom cleaned from
many years
OF fellowship NTH sod and stars and sun.
Poor, he ,Das, as men determine tDealth,
But he wore qutetness as kings might tDedr
A richly broidered cloak. -.
And his the prophets look :. the look
of one
Who peers along the far, uncharted course
OF time and sees the fruits OF labor rise,
A monument to him pho sotDed the seeds
OF deep content and found the harvest
1NEz CLARK THoRsoN.
Evening star., 1949-02-02

occasions, because he preferred to see for
himself how things were going up front.
Sturdy and steady" Hodges, General Ell
senhower called him, and that is just
the type of army which the Germans had
to make way for, once it got rolling. It
is easy to understand why all the men who
fought under General Hodges have worn
so proudly the black A mark of the fight
Ing First and are so voluble in praise
of the man who led them. The Army has
lost top combat commander and the
man in the ranks champion and friend
1t is safe to assume that he will not COM
pletely dissociate himself from the Army
and its men now that he has taken off
the uniform, for the advice of such veteran
soldiers will be sorely needed in building
our postwar ground forces.
Evening star., 1949-02-02
Bishop Oxnam's Speech
Readers Discuss Separation of Church and State
From Several Different Angles
Cites Bishop RusselPs Views,

To the Editor Of The Star:
The meeting of Protestants and other Ameri-
cans, etc.. recalls reply made to a similar
meeting many years ago by the late Bishop
Russell then pastor of St. Patricks Church
mere. He pointed out that if such meeting
were contemplated in Colonial times, it would
be an utter impossibility unless it was held in
Catholic Maryland, because the religious ante
cedents OF the denominations represented by
the churchmen did not tolerate each others
religious beliefs any more than the church they
had met to malign. Therefore, as Bishop Rus
sell continued, they should speak softly when
speaking of religious liberty, lest by their very
aggressiveness they be assumed to have their
religious antecedents conception of religious
hberty-the liberty to, persecute other religions.
Lastly it is to be wondered what Bishop Ok
nam learned about religious liberty from his
several cordial visits to communistc Russia.
Perhaps he can give us the answer to his
friend Stains query: How many divisions
has the Pope?" JOSEPH CARNEY
Evening star., 1949-02-02
Nordic Deadlock

The inability of the Scandinavian nations
to agree on measures for mutual defense
against unprovoked aggression is a sad
commentary on the condition of our pres
|, ent-day world. Those three Nordic nations
Norway, Sweden and Denmark-rank
high in their stability, progressveness and
answering desire for peace. Threatening
no one, all they ask is to be let alone,
making constructive contributions to the
worlds prosperity and advancement.
For we'll over century, Scandinavia
succeeded in maintaining it's peace and
security through common policy of aloof-
ness from the quarrels of its European
neighbors. This policy saw it safely
through World War I. Immunity from the
scourge of war led Denmark and Norway
virtually to disarm themselves, only Sweden
keeping up moderate defense establish
ment. Unhappily, defenselessness was an
incitement to the aggression of Nazi Ger
many, which overran both Denmark and
Norway early In World War II. Even
Sweden, though strong enough to make
its conquest costly to the Germans, pre-
served its neutrality in part through yield
ing to some Nazi demands.
In Norway and Denmark, the grim lesson
of brutal foreign occupation has been
taken to heart. Both nations realize that
they are unable, of themselves, to defend
themselves against the attack of a great
power. And such a potential assailant is
obvious in the Soviet Union, with its enor-
nous military strength combined with its
aggressive policies. Norway and Denmark
are thus predisposed to welcome the
projected North Atlantic Pact and to
adhere to this combination of the Western
democracies for mutual protection against
totalitarian aggression.
Sweden, however, takes a different atti-
tude. Its fortunate escape in the last war
tends to confirm it in its traditional
neutrality, and it fears that adhesion to
the Atlantic Pact might bring down upon
1t Soviet antagonism to which it is the
most exposed. Sweden has, therefore, been
striving to evolve a typical middle way"
offering its Nordic colleagues a localized
defensive alliance, free from any commit
ment to other groupings. Norway and
Denmark do not see this as an effective
alternative. They feel that even the pooled
resources Of Scandinavia would not suffice
for protection. Therefore, after many
months of earnest conference, the nego-
tiations for mutual defense have come
to naught.
What will now happen is uncertain.
Swedish apprehensions have been intensi-
fled by Moscow's official condemnation of
the Atlantic Pact as an aggressive scheme
of Anglo-American "war-mongers" for
worldwide domination, together with Mos
cows note to the Norwegian government
asking its attitude regarding the Atlantic
Pact and pointedly reminding it of a
common frontier with the Soviet Union.
Norway's reply-indicating its disposition
to join the pact but emphasizing that it
will grant military bases to the Western
powers only in case of attack or threat
ened attack-makes clear that it will not
be intimidated by the Kremlin. But Soviet
war of nerves" against Scandinavia will
doubtless have its effects, especially among
local Communist, isolationist and pacifst
elements.
Evening star., 1949-02-02
Promise and Threat

In its semiannual report to Congress
the Atomic Energy Commission has made
clear for the first time that last years
supersecret tests at Eniwetok Atoll in
volved the explosion of an improved type
of A-bomb The official announcement
following the tests, and more recently the
Presidents budget message, revealed that
important military progress had been
made, but they did not say whether that
progress had to do with bombs or with
some new form Of radioactive weapons.
Now the curtain has been lifted enough
to let the world know
Thus the Acc has informed Congress
that three bombs of new type were
exploded at Eniwetok, that they showed a
Substantial gain" in energy release over
all previous types, and that they are now
being produced for the defensive needs of
the Nation. This means, in effect, that we
are equipping ourselves with weapons even
deadlier than the almost indeScribably
deadly ones that shattered Hiroshima and
NagaSaki and awed a great gathering of
international observers in peacetime
demonstration at Bikini. It serves as a
wv tildG CfCu tllOu6u VIC may
be able-as the Acc predicts-to main
tain and increase" our atomic lead over
the rest of the world, the most dangerous
ornaments race in history is on, with
powers like Russia striving to catch up
with u.s. and with disaster at the end of
the road unless the United Nations sue
ceeds in establishing effective control
Considered in that light-as grim re-
minder of what can happen without an
international policing systematic Aces
report to Congress is depressing. But 1t
contains a bright promise, too. For it
shows that the progress being made in our
vast atomic project is by no means con-
fined to the military field. Actually, be-
sides technical improvements resulting in
more efficient and less costly production
of nuclear fuels, important gains are being
scored in terms of harnessing the atom as
a benefcentt revolutionary force to serve
mankind's physical, economic and social
well-being-for example, in the battle
against disease, and in dealing with the
problem of raising enough food for the
worlds ever-growing population, and in
creating a great new source Of industrial
power, including power to drive ships and
perhaps planes. To further these and
} other constructive ends, the Acc is engaged
Evening star., 1949-02-02
Protestant Union With State.


To the Editor of The Star:
May be permitted to say few words in
reply to Bishop Oxnam's charges against the
Catholic Church and given such wide publicity
by your esteemed paper?
The good bishop has the cart before the
horse or at least is quite confused in his think
ing and in his knowledge of the history of
America.
If he will look around himself in this work.
a-day world, he will find that about the only
countries where we have union of church and
state today ara the Protestant countries. He'd
better attack them for their advocacy and
practice of union of church and state
Start with England, where the King (God
bless his majesty is the head of the church,
and where over him Is the British Parliament
supreme ruler in things spiritual as we'll as
temporal in the Church of England.
Then, too, we have the Protestant countries
OF Denmark Norway Sweden where there is
legalized union of church and state. In fact
it's hard to find an essentially Protestant
nation where you do not have union of church
and state.
In concluding, would suggest that he take
look at the Catholic Irish Free State" where
there is absolute and legal separation of church
and state in contrast with the North Ireland
government where the King of England Is
both temporal and spiritual ruler
LEO McGREEVY.
Evening star., 1949-02-02
No More Circuses

The House Committee on Un-American
Activities has been criticized, and Justly SO,
for conducting its hearings in the atmos-
phere of three-ring circus. Now the re-
constituted committee has moved to meet
this criticism.
BY unanimous vote, it has decided to
bar radio recorders, newsreels, television
cameras and news photographers from fu-
ture hearings. This is drastic reforma-
tion, going further than other committees
of Congress have been willing to 60. But
1t seems amply justified by unhappy ex-
perience.
If the bans are faithfully lived up to-
future hearings of this committee should
be conducted in an atmosphere similar to
that which prevails in the Federal courts,
and this is not the less to be desired be-
cause of its novelty
Evening star., 1949-02-02
Social Hygiene Has Its Duy

This being National Social Hygiene Day,
1t is appropriate to review the progress
which has been made during the past
year under guidance of the Social Hygiene
Society of the District of Columbia Out
standing achievement of 194S in this pub
lie welfare field was passage of the
Districts model SeX-crime law, under which
the community for the first time has
moved to protect the public from sex Of
tenders by committing them for treatment
in lieu of routine penalties that permit
them to resume their offenses upon release
from jail. The society was among the first
to campaign for such law and it was
largely as result of its persistent efforts
that Congress acted.
This Is but one example of the results
achieved by the society and its parent
body, the American Social Hygiene Asso-
citation, over the past thirty-five years.
These organizations were venturing on
difficult ground when they began their
joint drive to educate the public on the
dangers of refusing to face up boldly to
such social problems as venereal disease,
commercialized prostitution and sex
crimes Gradually they overcame public
taboos and public indifference, however,
and today more and more measures are
being taken to control venereal diseases,
to deal effectively with sex offenders and
to continue the Nationwide educational
work sponsored by national and local social
hygiene groups. This Is an undertaking
that cannot be relaxed without detriment
to the public interest. 1t is essential, there
fore, that the public should continue to
support the fine work of the social hygiene
crusaders
Evening star., 1949-02-02
in one Of its most intensive and significant

in one Of its most intensive and significant
efforts.
Indeed, so great and far-reaching are
the atoms peacetime potentialities that
they dwarf the significance of the enor-
mously significant A-bomb. Unfortunately,
however, the blessings implicit in those
potentialities can never be realized in full
as long as the nuclear ornaments race
continues. In fact, if effective interna-
tional control Is not established, the
chances are that this new force, instead
OF being boon to mankind, will be an
annihilating curse. Nothing could be more
imperative, therefore, than the founding of
a collective security system that will bring
on the day when our Acc reports to Con-
gress, and similar reports in other coun-
tries, will be able to announce an end to
military production and total concentration
on the task of employing nuclear fission
to improve humanity's lot.
Evening star., 1949-02-02
Says Protestants Shouldn't Fear.

To the Editor of The Star
In your paper there appears an account of
Bishop G. Bromley Oman again leveling seri-
Gus charges against the Roman Catholic
Church. This he has been doing for some
time and with such regularity that many Of
us wonder if he is not the unfortunate victim
of a groundless phobia.
May assure Bishop Oman and others that
they have nothing to fear from the Catholic
Church? For it is more or less taken for
granted as things stand that no Catholic, true
citizen though he be- can ever become Presi-
dent of the United States; that no Catholic
can ever become Secretary of State; that no
Catholic can ever become Chief of Staff Of the
Army or Navy; that no Catholic clergyman
can ever become chaplain of the Senate or
House Of Representatives. With liberation such
as it is in our country, Catholics don't have
chance Protestants are in control but you
don't hear Catholics murmuring 1t seems
that, according to Bishop Oman, the only
thing Catholics are good for is to elect poll
ticans to office, pay taxes and sacrifice. their
lives in defense of and for the welfare Of our
country. But when, in all justice and fair play,
Catholics ask for . voice in the Government
Of this country or ask for benefits which they
Evening star., 1949-02-02
DeplOres Bitterness Of Clergy.

To the Editor of The STAR
I was shocked and amazed to read in The
Star the article dealing with the meeting of
Protestants and other Americans United for
Separation of Church and State.
They claim they are fighting to stop certain
legislation which allegedly has been favored by
the Catholic Church and in the same breath
they decline to name this proposed legislation.
Can it be that this legislation is actually a
fgment of somebody's disordered imagina-
ton?
With so many real problems troubling the
world today, how can any one waste useful
time, money and good will disseminating reli-
gious bitterness?
Is this fitting task for ministers of God
whose work is to preach peace on earth good
will to men? DUNCAN BURGOYNE.
Evening star., 1949-02-02
By THE HASKIN SERVICE.

@. What languages are used for the dis.
cussions OF the United Nations?-R. L.
A. From It's earliest days, the United Ma
tions has done its work in two languages
French and English All speeches in meetings
could be heard in both these working languages,
which are commonly used throughout the
world in diplomatic practice. AS the result
Of recent decision by the General Assembly,
a third working lancuage-Spanish-is to be
used with English and French. Thus all docu.
mentS and papers as we'll as speeches will be
turned out in Spanish as we'll as English and
French. Official records and important papers,
in addition, are published in two other official
languages-Chnese and Russian.
@. Please give the locations of the perma-
nent American Army cemeteries abroad where
World War II dead are buried.-C. G. N.
A. Locations Of the IA permanent American
military cemeteries are as follows: Cambridge,
England Margraten, Holland Hamm, Luxem-
bourg; Henri Chapelle Belgium; Neuville-en-
Condroz, Belgium; st. Laurent France; st.
James, France; Draguignan, France; Epinal,
France: ST. Avoid France; Nettuno (Anzio),
Italy; Fort Mckinley. Philippine Islands, Flor
ence Italy; Tunis Carthage, North Africa.
Two new national cemeteries are to be estab-
lished at Honolulu, Hawaii, and at San Juan,
Puerto Rico These national cemeteries will
provide final resting places for any armed
forces personnel or honorably discharged vet
Grams who may wish to be buried overseas. in
addition to those who died during World War
II. The other IA permanent American military
cemeteries will be used only for World War II
dead.
@. What is the average rate of reading and
speaking for adults?-K. T.
A. An adult ordinarily reads about $50 words
q minute. In conversation he speakes about
160 words minute.
O. What is the best method of cleaning out
the openings in gas range burners?-L L.
A. A piece OF fine wire is handy tool for
cleaning openings in gas range burners The
common practice of using toothpicks Is not
recommended because the toothpicks may
break and further clog the burner
Evening star., 1949-02-02
Critics Not Separated From State.

Critics Not Separated From State.
To the Editor of The Star:
May point out the absurdity in Bishop Ok
mans remarks as reported by you in The Star,
January %?
The Methodist bishop claimed that the
statement of the Catholic hierarchy was "a
smokescreen" to hide its real aims; that the
intent which he gratuitously imputes to them
will divide U.S."
The organization before which Bishop Oman
spoke repeatedly includes in its efforts a pro-
gram ito defeat any plan for Federal aid to
education that includes funds for parochial
schools" Now, really is it only the churchmen
OF a certain church whose ideas should be
separated from the ideas of the state?
MAUREEN OCONNOR.
Evening star., 1949-02-02

Russian auto industry aims to turn out
worlds best motorcar" And seeing that
the clever Muzhik probably invented this
useful novelty back in 1871, it's about
time
Evening star., 1949-02-02

Peace, after these many years, seems
about to descend on China, and there will
be pause while the native CT tries to
recall what he was in civil life.
Evening star., 1949-02-02
Questions and Answers

reader get the answer to any question Of
fact by writing The Evening Star Information
Bureau, 3l6 street NE, washington 2, D. C.
Please nclose three (3) cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1949-02-02
This Debate SUSPENDED

The Star devotes its letter space today
to typical expressions on both sides of
controversy which, as far as this par
ticular forum is concerned, is suspended
with publication of these letters today.