davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-12-07
u. n. Assembly Sends
Southwest Africa Case
To Hague Tribunal
ky the Assoeiated Press

NEW YORK. Dec. THE
United Nations Assembly yester-
day brushed aside South African
protests and referred the ques-
ton of Southwest Africa's status
to the international Court Of JUS
tice at The Hague.
The area is ruled by South
Africa under a mandate Of the
League of Nations. South Africa
refuses to transfer it to the U. N.
trusteeship system.
Measures given final approval
by the Assembly also invite South
Africa to resume submitting re-
ports to the U. N. on its rule over
Southwest Africa.
The Assembly reached its de-
cisions after South African Dele
gate G.. P. Jooste struck back in
debate at criticism of his nations
policies in Southwest Africa. He
made it clear. however, that his
government intends to stay in
the U. N.
The South African delegation
recently walked out of COMMITTEES
consideration of the Southwest
Africa question. Mr.. Jooste told
the assembly, however. that South
Africa had assisted in the crea-
ton of the q. N. and added: I'VE
have a vital interest in its future"
Britain also is in rebellion
against some assembly recon-
mendations bearing on admins
trations Of colonies and q. N.
trust territories. Minister OF
State Hector Mcneil told the as
sembly last week the British would
disregard U. N. actions they con-
sidered to be against British in
terests in this field.
Southwest Africa is the only
league mandate area that has not
been either liquidated into self
government or put under the
trusteeship system by the man
date power.
The vote submitting the ques-
ton to the international Court
was 40 to 7 with 4 absentions. The
Soviet bloc opposed the resolution.
The United States supported it.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Parents Of -Four Face
Juvenile Court on
Delinquency Charge

The parents Of four young chill
dren, now being held in Hyatts-
vile Jail, will face the Prince
Georges County Juvenile Court
tomorrow on charges Of contrib
uting to their delinquency.
The county welfare department
placed the charges against Mar
win E. Arthur. 33. and his wife
Martha, %. of Colmar Manor,
after it said both parents were
found under the influence of in
toxicants. the children living in
filthy conditions and badly in need
Of food, and the kitchen sink full
Of beer cans.
Both are charged with con-
tributing to the delinquency of
minor children. Arthur is being
held under $1,000 bond and his
wife under 500 bond.
Tells of Fight With Wife.
According to Roy D. Bright.
probation officer, and Colmar
Manor Police 1t. D. H. Mulligan.
the following incidents led to the
couples arrest.
1t. Mulligan said he found Ar
thur. apparently under the in
fluence of liquor, near a hot-dog
stand on Bladensburg road near
the Peace Cross Monday night
Arthur had blood splotches on his
clothing and questioning disclosed
he had had a fight with his wife
1t. Mulligan charged Arthur
with disorderly conduct and tool
him. to, the Hyattsville jail where
he was locked up In default OF $5t
collateral or $500 bond.
Investigating further, 1t. Null.
ligan then went to the Arthur's
four-room bungalow in the 430C
block of Newark road. There he
found two boys. 9 and 7 years old
sleeping on mattress on the
floor. Their clothes were filthy
he said. On a bed were a 3-year-
old girl and a 16-month-old boy
also clothed.
House Reported Cold.
The policeman found Mrs. Arthu,
in another part Of the house and
said she appeared to have been
drinking.
The house was In a state of dis
array and was described as cold
and filthy. 1t. Mulligan left and
returned with coal for q heating
stove. He notified Mr.. Bright.
Early yesterday morning police
and welfare officials returned with
food for the family. One of the
children. according to welfare Of
flcials, became i'll after eating be-
cause Of previous hunger.
Mrs. Ora West, also Of the Wei
fare Department. was called after
the family was fed and she placed
the children in foster homes until
the case can be settled.
Evening star., 1949-12-07

oner t n a {
there's no COM
parison.
Some Of the
countries Mr.
r e es visited
were England.
France. Italy,
Germany. Bel
GUM and Hol-
land.
"Our o w n
civil service en-
ployes are much
better OF than
any of the
others on all
Evening star., 1949-12-07
New ZeoIond Premier
Presents Resignation =
by the Associated Prsss

WELLINGTON. New. Zealand
Dec. Prime Ministkr Peter
Fraser, whose Labor government
was turned out Of Office in last
weeks elections, submitted his res
ignation today to Governor Gen
eral Sir Bernard Freyberg.
Sidney G. Holland, leader Of tae
victorious Nationalist Party, was
commissioned to form q new gov-
ernment with himself as Prime
Minister. He was expected to a1l-
nounce the names Of his new. cabi-
net members tomorrow.
Evening star., 1949-12-07

counts" Mr.. Rees discloses.
American civil service employees
get better salaries, much more
generous working conditions and
benefits, and have much greater
Job protection rights" the Kansan
says.
He adds that not only are Gov
ernment salaries higher here than
lin European countries, but that
none of the countries offers its
civil servants any retirement and
injury compensation benefits such
as Government employees here en-
JOY.
OVERSTAFFING--Its interest
ling to note that Mr.. Rees, who
frequently has charged there are
too many Government employees
on the Federal payroll here.
found that France and England
"are overloaded with government
workers-much more so than
here"
In Germany. Mr.. Rees says
the merit system principle is vir-
tually unknown, with civil service
jobs obtainable If you know the
friend of a friend"
Mr.. Rees says 60 per cent Of
the members of the German leg
islature in Western Germany also
hold government Jobs.
"It's as If so per cent of the
members Of the United States
Congress also held positions in
the various Government agencies"
Mr.. Rees said.
MERIT-Although England and
France, among several other
European nations. have merit sys-
TENS, they are not nearly as
strong as the United States sys-
tenn, Mr.. Rees says.
Personal patronage still plays
considerable role in filling gov
ernment jobs In these countries,
he adds.
Consequently. the European
civil service worker in any country
there doesn't have nearly the
amount of job career protection
than does the American civil serv-
ice employe," Mr.. Rees declares.
Mr.. Rees says he feels that. our
own civil service system can be
strengthened a great deal more,
but he says it's only fair to state
that, even with its faults. It's
still the best in the world.
Incidentally, as reported here
several weeks ago, Mr.. Rees paid
for his trip out Of his own pocket.
NAVY-In a ruling highly IA
vorable to Government employe
unions, the Navy Department has
decided to allow union organizers
to contact and make speeches to
Navy civilian employees during
non working hours on Navy prem
ises.
This means the drive to organ
ize Havy workers can be carried
on Curing lunch hours and right
after the end of the working day.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
by NeWDuIu NOyes, IT
Stor StaH Correspondent

NEW YORK, Dec. THE mem
ory of Mrs. Esther Shemitz Cham
bers came in for more testing In
the second Alger Hiss perjury trial
today as Defense Attorney Claude
B. Gross continued to cross-exam.
inc the wife of the Governments
chief witness against the. former
State Department official.
Working patiently and quietly
Mr.. Hiss lawyer produced his best
effect when he introduced new
question about the time scheme
of the Hiss-Chambers relation.
ship as described by Mrs. Cham.
bers.
He put the witness in the po.
sition Of apparently claiming thai
she saw Mr.. Hiss later than she
has previously testified to having
seen him.
Until today, Mrs. Chambers hac
mentioned only two occasion.
when she claims to have visited
the Hiss home at 3415 Volta place
NV. One time was at q house.
warming party shortly after New
Year. 1888, and the other was ar
occasion when she says she re-
members seeing Mrs. Hiss switch
on the lights at 4 pm. which
would seem to indicate that this
too, occurred in the wintertime
Recalled Forsythia Blooming.
Mr.. Cross reminded Mrs. Cham
bers that yesterday she said she
remembered seeing forsythia
blooming on the Volta place
house.
Where was the forsythia?" the
attorney asked.
ut was trained against the
wall" said Mrs. Chambers.
"In," Mr.. Cross said slowly,
"the dead of winter?"
Mrs. Chambers hesitated a
moment and then replied: 1T
might have been early spring
I don't know"
In other questions, Mr.. Cross
confronted the witness with dis
crepancies between her testimony
In this trial and that which she
has given before. Most of the
discrepancies had to do with mi
nor details of the events she de-
scribed.
Baltimore Visit Questioned.
For example, Mrs. Chambers
now says that Mrs. Hiss once
came to Baltimore from Wash
ington to take care of young Ellen
Chambers, while Mrs. Chambers
made a trip to New York for pre-
natal care of her new baby.
Mr.. Cross brought out she tes-
titled at pretrial hearing In
Baltimore last November that
Mrs. Hiss did not spend the night
at her house on this occasion, but
now says Mrs. Hiss did spend the
night.
That's right" Mrs. Chambers
said. because the clinic in New
York was on Thursday, and the
day she came was Wednesday,
remember. Therefore. she must
have stayed overnight"
Mr.. Cross completed his cross
examination Of Mrs. Chambers
shortly before the luncheon recess
and Assistant United States Attor-
ney Thomas E. Murphy took the
Evening star., 1949-12-07

WlttlCSS 0VEA VA u AC-@ASSe SA
animation.
The prosecutor believes there is
a chance the Government can rest
its case against Mr.. Hiss, former
State Department official and for
mer president Of the Carnegie
Endowment for international
Peace, before the week end recess
Friday.
The main business remaining,
he says. Is the testimony OF Fed
eral Bureau Of Investigation ex-
perts that copies and digests OF
secret Government papers. pro-
duced by Mr.. Chambers as evi-
dence in the case, were made on a
typewriter belonging to Mr.. Hiss
in the 1930s-or were handwrit-
ten by him.
This statement seemed to lend
substance to the belief that the
Government may not call Henry
Julian Wadleigh, who testified at
the first trial that he was one OF
Mr.. Chambers former sources In
the State Department. The de-
fense lawyer indicated in his
opening statement to the jury,
November II. that he hoped to
prove Mr.. Wadleigh and other
unnamed accomplices gave Mr..
Chambers the papers he says came
from MI. Hiss.
Couldn't Remember Names.
The boyish- looking 45-year-old
defendant is accused OF lying to
Federal grand jury last Decem-
ber Is, when he denied that he
ever gave secret material to Mr..
Chambers or saw his accuser after
1887.
Mrs. Chambers had trouble re-
membering just what Communist
pseudonyms she and her husband
used at various periods, and where
they lived in each stage. Once
she complained it was hard to
remember after IA years Of try
ing not to remember any Of it,"
AS at the first trial, Mrs. Cham
bers became badly snarled when
she tried to untangle for Mr..
Cross the times and places of
three parties which she says she
remembers. All three were cele-
brations alegedly attended only
by Mr.. and Mrs. Chambers and
Mr.. and Mrs. Hiss.
The parties. as she finally
Strengthened them out. were as
follows:
/. A New Year eve affair. usher
ing in 1887. at the Kisses. l245
Thirtieth street NV. On this
occasion, she said. Mr.. Chambers
drank port wine and got sick on
the way out to the car. ~.
2. A celebration Of the Kisses
wedding anniversary in mid
December, 1887, at the Chambers
place on Mount Royal Terrace,
Baltimore. On this occasion, Mrs.
Chambers said. they drank Amer
ican champagne and she got sick.
3. The "housewarming" at the
Kisses, Volta place house, in
January. 1888. They ate sand
wiches on this occasion. and no.
body got sick.
Toward the end Of the after
noon, Mr.. Cross asked Mrs.
Chambers about a passport her
husband received In 1885. Did
she know then he got 1t with
false papers?
1T did not come to my atten-
tion," the witness replied. "but it
would not have mattered if it
had"
Mrs. Chambers said her hus-.
band later gave her the passport
for safekeeping. .....
did you keep it in locked
container?" Mr.. Cross asked.
Actually" she said. Il kept it
| in the chicken house."
Evening star., 1949-12-07
u. n. Prepares 10 Make
Final Decision Today
On China S Charges
By the Asseciefsd Press

NEW YORK. Dec. THE
United Nations General Assembly
prepared today to take a final
stand on whether or not it will
pass in silence Nationalist China s
charges of Soviet interference in
Chinese internal affairs.
The Assembly has before it two
proposals approved by its 59-na-
ton Political Committee at Lake
Success last night.
One of these-an American
backed resolution adopted, in COM
mittee by an overwhelming Alto
S vote-calls on the world to keep
hands off China and let the
Chinese settle their own troubles.
This measure is regarded as GER
tain to receive final approval by
the plenary session Of the As
sembly.
The second measure. and the
one on which Nationalist China
now pins its hopes. would: refer the
whole Chinese question to the
year-around Little Assembly" F"
That body would bring in recon-
mendations to the 1850 General
Assembly. ,-....
Vote Short Of Majority.
Cuba, Ecuador and Peru intro
duced the second proposal which
is designed to keep alive National
ist charges of Russian aid to the
Chinese Reds. The resolution was
adopted in committee, % to 10,
with IA abstentions. The vote was
far short of the two-thirds ma
jority support normally needed for
final Assembly approval.
The Chinese case constitutes one
of the few major items Of business
remaining before this session Of
the Assembly. The Assembly is
scheduled to dispose of the Indo-
nesian question before it reaches
the resolutions on China.
The Special Political Commit
tee has commended the Dutch
and the Indonesians for reaching
agreement at the recent round
table conference in The Hague
for the establishment of a SOW
ereign United States of Indonesia.
The new nation will be linked to
the Netherlands under the Dutch
crown and will have q status SIM
liar to that of dominions in the
British Commonwealth. r.
| The Soviet bloc opposed the
majority backed 1ndopesian reso-
luton. It has before the Assem-
bly, a measure Of its own which
contains bitter condemnation
of Dutch policy in the rich South
Pacific islands and calls for re-
placement of the u. N. commis-
sion for Indonesia by a body COM
posed Of members Of the Security
Council.
u. s. Stand Disappoints China.
Following the action on the
Chinese case taken at Lake Sue
cess yesterday, DR.. T. F. Tsiang
Chinese nationalist delegate. ex-
pressed deep disappointment that
the = United States had voted
against the Latin pro-
posal.
He said the defeat of the Latin
American resolution would near
1 the general assembly would pass
/ i'm, silence. my. serious charges
against Soviet Russia"
Soviet block delegates remained
silent during the Political Com
mittee's debate but cast negative
votes when the committee reached
the balloting stage on the reso'
lutions. ...
The Latin American propose
was a face-saver for the Chimes
Nationalists. Generalissimo Chi
ang Kai-shek's representatives IL
the U. N. had unsuccessful!
sought to obtain a promise from
the nom Communist world not Z
grant diplomatic recognition tt
the Chinese Red regime In Pei
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Weather Report

District Of Columbia-Mostly
sunny with highest temperature
in upper SOS this afternoon. Clear
and colder with lowest around 80
degrees tonight. Tomorrow fair
windy and colder.
Maryland and Virginia-Fair
windy and colder tonight and
tomorrow. Lowest tonight around
80 degrees.
River Report.
(From United States EngineerS.)
Potomac River cloudy 1T Harpers Ferry
and at Great Falls; Shenandoah cloudy ~
Harpers Ferry.
Evening star., 1949-12-07

The National Geographic Soci-
ETY. says American craftsmen have
recaptured the lost medieval
methods of staining glass.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
The Federal Spotlight
". S. Civil Service Far Superior,
Rees Finds on European Tour
The Federal Spotlight
By Joseph Young

Europe, where he investigated the
various civil service systems there Rees Republican
of Kansas employees here infinitely better
off, with workers other countries
Mr. Rees the toprankng minority member OF the House
Evening star., 1949-12-07

HIHh ana Low TOT xesttfu1ys
High, 40, at 2:45 pm.
Low, 80, at 1:35 am.
Record Temperatures This Year.
Highest. 81, on August IL.
Lowest, 21, on January 80.
Tide Tables.
FURNISHED by United States Coast
and Geodetic Survey
Evening star., 1949-12-07

Our civil service system is far
from perfect, but its so much bet
ter than anything Europe has to
Evening star., 1949-12-07
The Sun and Mo

Rises. Sets.
san., ave. today ts,,ov --4z:1t IA 4:4s
Moon. today - 6:1S pm. 8:21 Am.
Automobile lights must be turned on
ons-haH hour after sunset. ~
PreciuitntieR. n
Evening star., 1949-12-07

In television presentation
from Gallinger Hospital yesterday
a group of District doctors re-
viewed progress in the use OF
,streptomycin in treatment OF
tuberculosis. The authorities
outlined use of other drugs to off,
set resistance of tuberculosis
bacteria to streptomycin and urged
earlier surgery in many patients
with advanced stages OF the
disease.
Evening star., 1949-01-20

possible the televising of the Inauguration
to points as far West as st. Louis. The
undertaking was big one, for television
still presents technical difficulties that are
not easily kept under control. A sensible
pooling of facilities and personnel by all
the Tv networks centralized the operation.
This was a complicated and costly public
service which televiewers will long remem-
ber. Today's undertaking was television's s
own inaugural of large-scale network
broadcasting of historic event. BY the
time another presidential Inauguration
arrives, the industry probably will be ready
for Its next great step-coast- forecast tele-
vision. Then it may be possible for every
citizen to be witness to the swearing in
of the President
Evening star., 1949-01-20
TeIevision's Bio Opportunity

This is televisions big day, too. Never
before have American citizens outside of
Washington been privileged to see as well as
hear the Inauguration of President while
1t is actually taking place.
Television today is making the same sort
of history which its vocal cousin, radio,
made when President Coolidge was inaugu-
rated on March 4, 1925. That was the first
inaugural ceremony to be carried by radio
network to listeners in distant places. Just
two wears before that President Harding
had marked up another first" in radio by
broadcasting from st. Louis speech that
was heard in a number of MidweStern
States. He thus became the first President
TO make a national" radio broadcast.
In those days television was still in the
laboratory dream stage. Little crededce
was given to fantastic" predictions by
Dr. C. Francis Jenkins of this city and
other television pioneers that the day
would come when audiences in far places
would sit before a receiver in their homes
and watch the induction of Chief Execu-
tives. But television, spurred by wartime
research and development in radar, has
progressed amazingly in the past two years.
AS Chairman Wayne Coy of the Federal
Communications Commission put 1t re-
Gently, the Tv industry has experienced
Spectacular eruption"
The latest achievement was the linking
of television networks serving the East and
Midwest. This joining OF facilities made
Evening star., 1949-01-20

since been demonstrated many times over,
that he has been personally associated
with the development of most of the major
foreign policies which we are now pursu-
ing" and that his appointment as secre-
tary indicates that those policies will be
continued.
All this explains why the Senate has
voted overwhelmingly for Mr.. Acheson-
vote which incidentally serves as notice
to the world, particularly Russia, that our
foreign policy will almost certainly re-
main nonpartisan in spirit.
Evening star., 1949-01-20
In Good Hands

1t Is not surprising that the Senate has
confirmed Dean Acheson as Secretary of
State by the overwhelming vote of eighty
three to six. The mans record, after all,
was a powerful and virtually unanswer-
able argument in his favor. On the other
hand, by way of contrast, the statements
made against him by his few opponents
were weak, unrealistic and in many re-
spects just plain fatuous. So the fact that
he has won resounding bipartisan support
is simply an example of common sense
triumphing as expected.
The common sense has been best ex-
pressed by Senator Vandenberg Speaking
as member of the Republican minority
and as former chairman of the Foreign
Relations Committee, he has made clear
just why Mr.. Acheson is eminently quail
fled to assume the grave responsibilities
delegated to him by the President. Thus
in Mr.. Vandenberg's words, "He perhaps
has greater and more reliable familiarity
with all the vast detail of our utterly COM
plex diplomatic problems than any new
Secretary who could be taken either from
private citizenship or from another de-
partment of Government" In short, Mr..
Acheson's experience is such that Mr..
Truman could hardly have done better
than choose him to fill the vacancy caused
by General Marshalls 8 retirement for rea-
sons of health.
Certainly, looking at the record of Mr..
Achesons service in the State Depart
ment from 1941 until his resignation as
Undersecretary in mid-1947, 1t seems rea-
sonable to say that few, If any, Americans
could be more qualified to take over the
duties of Secretary at this delicate and
even dangerous moment in world affairs.
For Mr.. Acheson, wholly apart from his
unquestioned integrity, patriotism and
ability as an international lawyer, will
bring to the Office all the great and invalu-
able experience he acquired while playing
key role in shaping and executing our
foreign policy under the successive admin
istrations of Secretaries Hull, stettinius,
Byrnes and Marshall.
To cite but few of the many significant
aspects of his past service, Mr.. Acheson Is
distinguished for having been one OF the
principal authors of the plan for inter-
national control of the atom; for having
been the first of our high officials to make
a blunt public statement against the Soviet
Unions aggressive and expanding policy,
and for having helped to set in motion our
Greek-Turkish aid and the European Re-
covery Program to counter the Kremlin's
expansionism. At the height of the war in
1914, like a legion of other good Americans,
he may have catered somewhat to the Rus
slams in the sense of seeking diligently to
win them over to friendly cooperation.
AS Mr.. vandenberg has said, however, that
consideration, together with the consid-
Grafton of his friendship for the indicted
Alger Hiss, does not alter the fact that his
irm position toward the Kremlin has long
Evening star., 1949-01-20
This Last Bouquet

I hold this last bouquet of garden fo,ners
Here in my hand-smal, ,Dtzened blooms
that sought
Their beauty from too scant sun, from
hours
Frost-rimnaed and feettno. scould not
haze thought
Them fine enough to pick, brief Wseks
ago.
But no,o among these stt1entng stalks,
and bro1Dn
Leaves spiraling to earth, their petals slotD
With loneliness no earlier blooms haDs
knoaDn.
An alien chill hangs In the ntr, breaking
The last thin thread OF summers
flan,ent.
Growth dra,Ds into itself, It's green core
shaking,
Knowing the harsh coldss strength, tts
r. sure intent.
Yet euen as the plant leans stricken, mute,
Neu blossoms curl like gurlands throusH
= its root
LUCY ". DIoG&