davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-11-15
? Assossins of Gondhi Hanged,
Shouting for Unity of India
Hindu Journalists
Executed Secretly
In Fear of Disorder
BY the Associated Press

AMBALA, India, Nov. 15.-The
young editor who assassinated
Mohandas K. Gandhi and the
man who told him to do it were
sprung simultaneously through a
gallows trap at the Ambala CEN
tral jail this morning. Their
bodies were cremated Immediately
afterward.
Narayan v. Godse and Narayan
B. Apte, two Hindu journalists,
walked to their death with smiles
on their faces. Their foreheads
were painted with sacred marks.
Each man carried a small pack
age, presumably of Hindu scrip
lures, which they were allowed to
hold as their hands were tied be-
hind them.
A moment before the trap was
sprung. the two young fanatics
shouted in unison May the united
India be immortal. We salute the
holy motherland."
These were the Nationalist slo-
gans that had inf1amed them to
take the life of the sainted Hindu
spiritual leader who hated vio-
lence so much he tried to end
Moslem- Hindu strife.
A witness to the execution,
which ended a two-year legal bat
tie following Gandhi's asSassina-
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Truman Going 10 Key West
November q for Vacation

President Truman will fly to Key
West on the morning of Novem-
ber % and plans to remain there
approximately three weeks resting
and working on his State of the
Union message to be submitted
to Congress in January, White
House Press Secretary Charles G.
Ross announced today.
The trip will give Mr.. Truman
his first opportunity for an ex-
tended rest since last spring.
Mrs. Truman and their daugh-
ter Margaret probably will be in
Key West for at least part of the
vacation.
The presidential yacht Will
liamsburg already has left for the
Key West naval base and it will
be available for any side trips the
President may feel like taking and
also can be used to house any
overflow Of guests.
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Trailer Sideshow Near willard
PIuys Next Actin Court oduy

the Washington Board Of Trade,
who interceded In their belief,
and Police Supt. Robert j. Bar
rett.
Yesterday Judge Henry A.
Schweinhaut was petitioned by
the Anderson Co. to permit the
trailer to remain on the we'll
Travelled corner.
The matter was passed along
to Corporation Counsel Vernon E.
West, who talked it over with
Maj. Barrett. The latter, after
due deliberation. Solomoned thus
ly: Let the coach remain there
overnight. with the proviso that a
truck be attached to wheel it
away at an instant's notice.
Next act Is scheduled for
District Court this afternoon. with
the probability that John Hill
yard, attorney for the Anderson
Co.. will again solicit the support
Of Judge Schweinhaut. this time
for an order restraining the Dis
trict from moving the trailer
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Worker, "A, Is Killed
By BuIIdozer Boom

Walter r. Foster, "a, of 1922 D
street NE, employed at the Som
erville Co.. SisEh and Decatur
streets NE. was killed almost in
stantly today when a boom on a
bulldozer he was using crushed
the upper part of his body.
There were no witnesses, but
Roger De Mari, plant foreman
who discovered Mr.. Foster pinned
to the bulldozer. said the latter
had apparently tried to dislodge a
board that had hooked itself in
the caterpillar tread and was
caught by the boom. He had
accidentally knocked loose a boom
release lever. it was believed.
Mr.. Foster had been cleaning
the ground Of debris from some
loads of terracotta pipe. Fire
Rescue Squad No. 2 released him
after jacking up the boom. Mr..
Foster was pronounced dead on
arrival at Casualty Hospital.
An Air Force veteran who
served in India, Mr.. Foster had
been employed by the Somerville
Co. about eight years. He is
survived by his widow, Mrs. Pau
line Foster. and q daughter Katy.
Evening star., 1949-11-15
King Must Okoy
All New Hats
Margaret Gets
By the Assoeiofed Press

LONDON, Nov. liking George
vi has the last word on Princess
Margaret's choice of hats.
That fashion item comes from
the designer of the newest bonnet
worn by the Kings younger
daughter. She wore it to a mil
linery show yesterday.
The hat was a black felt fez
with a plume of ermine tails. One
reporter said it looked like a
guardsman's helmet.
Aage Thaarup. Danish-born
milliner who whipped up the ex-
elusive model. said the King
liked it. .,...
He always has to see her hats
before she wears them in public. -
Thaarup added.
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Met Opening 10 Be Carried
By WMAl-N Monday

Opening night of the Metropoli-
tan Opera season in New York
will be brought to Washington by
WMAL-TV from 7:45 to 1890 p m.
next Monday.
Washington television not only
will see and hear the opera ''Der
Rosenkavalier" by Richard Strauss
but will catch all the glamour of
the event as the cameras pick up
arriving first nighters.
To complete arrangements for
this first time event here, the reg
ular Monday evening boxing
matches at Turner's Arena were
re-scheduled for 8 pm. Tuesday,
through cooperation Of Mrs.
Florence Turner and Gabe Men
dendez. boxing promoters, the
Globe Brewing Co. and the boxing
commission.
Evening star., 1949-11-15

Mr.. Hopkins made the payment
to Harry M. Hull, clerk OF District
Court. He remarked that the fines
were probably the. biggest ever
paid. by,a defendant in the Fed
'eral courts-certainly the biggest
ever paid by labor union.
The District government will re-
|ceive $852 900 Of the total fines,
because the city government pays
so per cent Of the costs of District
Court.
There were two fines, one for
81 100000 against the mine work.
|ers and $4,000 against Mr.. Lewis
himself. The fines were paid.
however. by one certified check,
drawn on the National Savings &
Trust Co. Government bonds
which had been posted by the mine
workers as guarantee against
final Judgment, will be returned.
The miners had carried their ap-
peal all the way to the Supreme
Court.
Mr.. Lewis personal fine was
paid by the UNIV, in keeping with
10 decision reached a year ago by
the Mine Workers conyentiou.
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Bishop Manning Takes
Turn for Worse al Hospital
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, Nov. 15.-Bishop
William T. Manning, SO. retired
Episcopal Bishop of New York,
took change for the worse today.
He was reported weaker at St.
Luke'S Hospital.
DR.. Albert C. Herring, attend
ing physician, examined the
clergyman this morning and
found "the bishop had taken a
change for the worse and is
weaker" a hospital spokesman
said.
Bishop Manning served as
Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal
Diocese of New York from 1941
to 1916. when he retired. He has
been a patient at the hospital
since November 4. The nature of
his illness has not been disclosed.
Evening star., 1949-11-15
picture on Page A-2.)

The big trailer coach exhibition
at the National Guard Armory
had even a bigger sideshow at
Fourteenth and F streets today
that threatened the harmony of
both the main show and the city
administration.
It revolved around the question
of whether long, handsome
trailer coach parked on the F
street side Of the Willard Hotel
was entitled to that kind Of extra
special consideration.
Tub-thumpers for the vehicle,
the Anderson coach" thought
1t was fine and so, APPARENTLY, did
Douglas Stalker, manager of the
Willard. And so, APPARENTLY, did
Inspector Arthur E. Miller, chief
of the Police Department Traffic
Division.
But there were dissenters, vocif-
erous ones, In other trailer ex-
hibitors whose products were con-
fined to the Armory; an ofncial Of
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Miss Cop|on' S Lawyer
Says She Dug Out
Subversive Groups
Spy Defendant Pictured
At Court Hearing as
Conscientious Worker
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, Nov. 15.-Judith
Coplon. convicted of spying for
Russia. was pictured in Federal
Court today as a conscientious
Government worker who dug out
various subversive organizations
for the Attorney Generals office.
Her lawyer. Archibald Palmer.
gave this picture at hearing pre-
liminary to the spy conspiracy
trial of the former Government
girl and her ex-friend. Valentin
Guhitchev. suspended Russian
employe Of the United Nations.
Robert r. Granville, Federal
Bureau of Investigation agent. on
the witness stand, agreed with
Mr.. Palmer that Miss Coplon had
received promotions in the JUS
tice Department and that her
work had been praised by her
superiors.
did you know" the lawyer
asked, "that she dug out various
subversive organizations put on
Tom Clark's list?"
Recalls No Communist Link.
IT did not" Mr.. Granville re-
piled.
The. reference was to former
Attorney General Clark. now a
Supreme Court justice.
Did you ever find that this girl
had ever been a Communist" Mr..
Palmer asked.
mot that can recall" the FB1
man said.
Mr.. Granville commanded the
l. 20 G-men who arrested Miss Cop
Ion, 28-year-old brunette, and
Gubitchev after a cloak-and-
dagger pursuit in New York last
March 4.
He testified yesterday that the
arrests were made because Miss
Coplon and Gubitchev tried to
throw off their pursuers, causing
him to believe that secret Gov
ernment papers were about to pass
between them.
Hearing Delays Trial.
Miss Coplon and Gubitchev were
called to trial yesterday on charges
of conspiracy to steal United
States documents for Russia. .
Formal opening of the trial was
delayed by this preliminary hear
ing on a defense motion for return
of papers and other property
seized from Miss Coplon's hand
bag when she was arrested here
with Gubitchev last March 4.
Return of the papers would be
a severe blow to the Governments
case against the little brunette.
The prosecution contends the pa
pers are transcripts Of Govern
ment secrets, while the defense
claims they are legitimate per-
sonal property.
Miss Coplon's lawyer contends
her arrest and seizure of the pa
persuade without a warrant
were illegal.
Mr.. Granville traced in his tes-
timony each move in the pursuit
of the pair by the score of agents
with seven radio-equipped cars.
The defendants finally were ar
Evening star., 1949-11-15
By the Associated Press

FRANKFURT, Germany, Nov.
IS. West German Chancellor
Konrad Adenauer announced to-
day that Britain, France and the
United States have agreed to slow
down the dismantling of German
industries.
His announcement came as he
began negotiations with the West
ern high commissioners in the
hope OF relaxing occupation re-
strictions on Germany.
Reports Farley Decisions.
In a foreign policy speech to the
West German Parliament, broad
cast by the Frankfurt radio, DR..
Adenauer made this report on the
results of the Paris foreign min
listers conference:
/. The United States. France
and Britain have agreed to invite
West Germany to many interna-
tional organizations"
2. The Allies are considering
how to alleviate the "conse-
quences" of the present state of
war between Germany and the
Western governments.
3. The Allies have agreed to al
low Germany to build a bigger
and faster merchant shipping
feet.
4. The Allies have agreed to
allow Germany to set up trade
consulates in foreign countries.
5. The Western powers have
agreed to a certain relaxation of
dismantling of former German
war industry.
Gas, Steel Plants Affected.
Explaining the decision on dis
mantling, DR.. Adenauer said the
three Western Foreign Ministers
had agreed to slow down disman-
ting Of certain synthetic gasoline
plants and steel factories pending
further discussions between the
German government and the AL
lied High Commission.
DR.. Adenauer said he believed
these discussions might ultimate
ly lead to a complete halt In
dismantling, or to a big change
in the disnantiing plan.
He also said the Allies had re-
fused to stop dismantling Of for
mer major armament industries.
DR.. Adenauer emphasized to the
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Burgman' STATE Placed
In Jury's Hands on
Charge Of Treason
Defendant in WheeIchoir
As Judge Gives Charge;
Nurse in Attendance

The fate Of Herbert j. Burg
man. IS, former State Department
clerk accused of treason. was
placed in the hands of a District
court jury of seven men and five
women at 1915 pm. today.
The short, bald man, who suf-
fered q heart attack at District
Jail over the week end, was
slumped in a wheelchair with his
eyes closed and deathly pallol
on his face when the jury filed
from the courtroom.
Judge Alexander Holtzoff, at
the conclusion of an hour-and-
l0-minute charge to the Jurors
told them three verdicts could be
returned--not guilty, not guilty
by reason of insanity, or guilty,
The maximum penalty for trca-
son is death and the minimum
sentence is five years imprison-
ment.
Nurse In Attendance.
A nurse was IN constant attend.
ance on Burgman after he wa.
wheeled into the courtroom shortly
before II am. Only a barely per.
ceptible movement of his chest
indicated that he was breathing
Once or twice he shifted his posi-
ton slightly but otherwise gave nc
indication that he was conscious
His German wife, whom he
married shortly after he was dis.
charged from the Army of Occu-
patton in the Rhineland after
serving as an enlisted man ir
World War I, and his son, Thorn.
as, 26. watched the accused mar
apprehensively from seats in the
last row of the courtroom. The
son kept his arm consolingly
around his mothers shoulder.
Burgman's trial started October
II after he pleaded not guilty tc
Sc alleged overt acts of treason
set forth in the indictment against
him. Before the trial concluded
the prosecution announced it was
dropping all but 13 of the alleged
overt acts.
Unusual Procedure.
In an unusual procedure, Judge
Holtzof told the jurors he wanted
them to express their verdict ir
writing in the event they founc
Burgman guilty of any of the
13 counts remaining in the indict.
ment. He said a written ques.
ton would be given them cover.
ing each of the 13 counts.
The question, he said, woulc
ask: HAS it been established by
direct testimony of at least two
eyewitnesses that the defendant
committed an act Of treason with
intent to betray the United
States?"
Pointing out that treason is the
only crime defined in the Consti-
(See RIJRGMAN page A.3)
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Christmas Shopping
Made Easier Through
Star Classified Ads

If you are looking for a. pet
to give to some deserving
youngster for Christmas your
chances of finding it are better
through Star classified ads.
During the first 10 months Of
this year The Star carried over
5000 more pet ads than the
three other Washington news
papers combined.
More than ever before, now
is the time to consult WASH
ington's leading classified me-
dium-THE STAR.
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Czechs Order Britons
To Leuve in ID Days
sv the Associoted Press

PRAGUE, Czechoslovakia, Nov.
15.-A number of British nation
ais resident in Czechoslovakia have
received police orders to get out Of
the country within IA days. Brit
ish consular authorities disclosed
today.
Consul William L. Wakefield
said a note had been sent to the
Czech Foreign Ministry asking an
explanation of the orders.
Consular authorities said they
had no reports yet of similar ac-
ton against American nationals
here
Evening star., 1949-11-15

ton in a New Delhi garden Janu-
ary 80. l948, said the two men
thanked their jailors for their
kindness and asked that they
finish the business quickly"
Godse. the 26-year-old editor
of the Poona Daily, had fired the
shot that killed Gandhi as he
walked to prayer in front of hun
dreds of his followers. Apte, the
publisher of the newspaper. was
executed for leading the plot.
-Four other men received sentences
(See EXECUTIONS, Page A-50
Evening star., 1949-11-15
u. ). Strives 10 Avert
Ship Officers Strike
Al Midnight Tonight
Tieup Of Eost, Gulf Coast
Passenger ond Dry Cargo
Vessels Threatened
BY the Assoeioted Press

Government mediators worked
against the clock today to avert
a deck officers strike threatening
to tie up passenger and dry cargo
vessels sailing from Atlantic and
Gulf ports after midnight.
The AFL Masters. Mates and
Pilots Union. with four or five men
on each freighter and more on
passenger ships. threatens to
strike tonight. largely over the
issue Of rotating jobs. Oil tankers
and coal-carrying vessels would be
exempt. aS would the ships in
commerce within the ports.
The America, luxury liner o.
the United States fleet, advanced
It's sAilinr time to two hours ahead
Of the strike deadline setting II
for 10 pm. from New York.
Strike Due at Destination.
But Capt. Charles F. May, head
Of the union. said that vessels
on the high seas would be con-
sidered struck at their destinations
under an agreement with the In
ternational Transport Workers.
The America will head for
Southampton. England.
Frank J. Taylor. president OF
the American Merchant Marine
Institute and and chief negotiator
for the Atlantic and Gulf port
shipowners. said that the officers
sign articles to serve until they
reach the return ports. so that
union members would be obligated
to complete their runs. even II
the strike develops.
Conciliator william N. Mar
golis was doubtful that strike
could be avoided. He said after
meetings with the parties yester-
day that ut looks very much" as
if walkout is imminent.
Capt. May told reporters we're
notifying our people to prepare
for strike" He said II issues
are being pressed. but didn't say
what they were.
Contract Twice Extended.
The contract. which expired
September 80, was twice extended.
Mr.. Taylor said the unions other
demands have been negotiated
and there was little difference be-
tween the parties on anything but
the hiring hall requirement.,
The union is asking that the
present preferential hiring ar
rangement be broadened so that
officers be chosen in rotation
from a hiring hall, spreading en-
ployment. Such an arrangement
is in effect on the West Coast.
The 500 vessels in operation for
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Europe Must Reduce
Prices 10 Compete for
u. 5. Sales, ECA Says
Countries Must Intensity
Export Drive, Report
To Congress Declares
BY the A.soeioted Press

President Truman today sent
to Congress a Marshall Plan re-
port declaring Europe must lower
it's prices to compete in the
United States market for the
American consumers dollar.
"The United States, Of course,
must be willing to accept greater
competition from European sup
pliers In order to help Europe pay
it's way" said the study prepared
by the Economic Cooperation Ad-
ministration.
j Even If European sales in the
United States were doubled-thus
restoring Europe's prewar share
of this market-the volume would
represent less than / per cent of
this country's total output and
would "only be scratching the sur
face Of the American market, :"
Congress was told.
Must Change Methods.
1.-THE participating countries
must intensity their export drive
to the dollar areas if they are to
attain independence from extraor-
dinary outside assistance" he re-
port went on.
This will require on the part
of many European businessmen a
reorganization of factory methods,
installation of new and more eff
cient machinery in order to reduce
costs, greater attention to mer-
chandising and advertising. re-
designing of products and pack
aging to suit American prefer
ences and a determination to
serve American customers with
the care and attention they re-
ceive from American producers. :"
It also will be necessary, the
report said, for the Marshall Plan
countries to give their exporters
incentives to enter the tough
American market. This will be
done, as ECA Administrator Paul
G. Hoffman has suggested, by
letting the exporting companies
keep share of tie dollars earned
in export trade.
Warning on Restrictions.
The report covered ECA opera
tions up to July l of this year. 1t
also emphasized the warnings
voiced by Mr.. Hoffman two weeks
ago before the council of Mar
shall Plan countries in Paris:
That recovery is imperiled by i'm
port controls and exchange re-
strictions which act as barriers to
trade.
It repeated Mr.. Hoffman's plea
for the economic unification Of
Europe, noting some steps in that
direction but declaring that pro-
gress Ion the whole has been
slow"
With reference to the problem
of high European prices. it was
stated: ''Devaluation of currencies
was unavoidable if the gap be-
tween prices in the two. parts Of
the Western world was to be mar
rowed."
On the more favorable side the
report said:
Industrial production in the
Marshall Plan countries reached
a new peak in the second quarter
Of the year; the farm outlook in
dicated a probable record post
war production; foreign trade ex-
panded-but not in the direction
Of the United States; imitation
continued to abate,
Evening star., 1949-11-15
yugos|avs Blast
Soviet Hypocrisy
In Peace Talk
U. N. Delegate Cites
Aggressive Pressure
To Gust Marshal Tito
By the Associated Press

LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y, Nov. Is.
-Yugoslavia blasted at Russia
today for appearing before the
United Nations as a champion of
peace while exerting aggressive
pressure" in efforts to GUST Pre-
mier- Marshal Tito.
Yugoslav Delegate Milovan Dji-
las gave his country's views to the
General Assembly's 59-nation Po-
litical Committee. He devoted
most of his long speech to an
attack on Russia but he also as
sailed the Western Powers for
what he called war propaganda.
Mr.. Djilas told the committee
Yugoslavia could not completely
support either the 12-point peace
formula of the Western powers or
the three-point Soviet plan for a
Big Five peace pact.
Troop Moves Cited.
He reviewed previous charges
that Russia is using economic,
political and military pressure to
bring Yugoslavia back under the
domination of the Cominform. He
referred to recent reported troop
demonstrations in Hungary and
other Soviet satellite countries on
roc1o vio,c harlare
There is something monstrous
in this hypocrisy Mr.. Djilas
said. Under the cloak of peace
propaganda actually aggressive
pressure is being exercised against
a small country"
While attacking Russia. he con-
tended his country had no ideo-
logical war with Russia. Their
differences. he said, were based
on Yugoslavia's desire to remain
Communist but independent OF
Moscow.
THE problem of peace" he
said, "lies in the struggle
against aggressive policy and ag-
gressive designs and methods, and
not in various ideologies or So
cial orders"
Divergent Proposals Up.
The Political Committee has
before 1t divergent American and
Soviet proposals on the subject
of world peace. The Russian plan
condemns what Moscow calls
preparation for a new war by
Britain and the United States: de-
mands immediate prohibition Of
the atomic bomb and a conven-
ton setting UP controls, and calls
for 4 peace pact among the
United States, Britain. France.
China and the Soviet Union.
The West regards the Soviet
plan as a piece of Russian propa-
ganda. To counter it, American
Chief Delegate Warren r. Austin
introduced yesterday a joint
United States-British resolution
reafharming belief in the United
Nations Charter and listing IL
essentials for peace. France
quickly indorsed the resolution.
Mr.. Austin declared: "The So
Wet proposal Is not aimed at build
ing a universal system of collec-
tive security within the United
Nations. On the contrary, it
points toward domination of world
affairs by the major powers. This
is an old objective OF Russian poll
cy, but it shall not become an OBJ
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Bulletin
u. S. Shin Fired On

NEW YORK R.-The Is
brandtsen Steamship Co. today
notified the State Department
its steamer, Flying Cloud, was
fired on by a Chinese Nationalist
warship as it left the Yangtze
River. The captain said hum
dreds of shells were fired and
several holes were made in the
vessel, one Of them Is inches in
diameter. None Of the crew
was killed or injured.
Evening star., 1949-11-15
Shah Of iran in Rome
On Way to- Visit U. S.
(Another Story on Page A-2o
pv thn kssortotsd prase

(An0ther Story on Page A-2.)
. BY The Assoeiaied Press
ROME, Nov. 15.-The Shah OF
Iran arrived here from Teheran
today aboard President Truman's
plane, The Independence, en- route
to the United States.
From here The independence
will fly to the Azores for q night
stopover. The Shah is scheduled
to reach Washington ut 4 pm.
tomorrow.