davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1949-03-19
Cards OF Thanks
We, the family of the late
CUDGER COURTNEY

CUDGER COURTNEY
sincerely acknowledge our graft
tude to the many friends for their
expressions of sympathy during our
bereavement.
Sincere thanks to Rev. Bush Of
Moses Baptist Church augusta, Ga.)
for such consoling sermon.
Our appreciation to the Blount's
Funeral Home for the splendid ser
vice rendered.
CARDS
Mr.. Hughie Greene, Fla; Mrs
Lucille Howard, Fla; Mr.. and Mrs.
Mr.. Robbie Pyles and family, Fla;
Clyde Mcdonald and family, Fla,
Mr.. Jesse Johnson, Fla; Mr.. Henry
Wilson, Fla; Mrs. Sophia and Mag.
nolia (mother and daughter). Fla;
Mrs. Amelia Pondexter, Fla; Mr..
George w. Joseph, Fla; Mrs. Ma
mic Greene, Fla; Mr.. James Will
son and family, Fla; Mr.. Thomas
Simons and family, Fla; Mr.. and
Mrs. Max Cox and family. Fla;
Miss Sarah Wells, Phila. Pa; Mr..
and Mrs. T. l.. Kelley, Augusta, Ga.
Mr.. and Mrs. NJ. Trotty, S. c.; Mrs.
Anna B. Mitchell. S. c.; Mrs. Louise
McNealy and family, Augusta, Ca;
Mrs. Louise Laney, Usher Board of
Moses Baptist Church, Augusta, Ga.
Mr.. Elliott Frederick and family,
s. c.; Mr.. Joe Williams and family
Mr.. George Peoples and family, s..
c.; Mr.. Robert Carter, s. c.; Mr.. and
Mrs. 1. w. Stallings, S. c.; The
Girls 4thB Glass (Silas X. Floyd
SCHOOL, Augusta, Ga; The Boys Alb
Glass (Silas X. Floyd SCHOOL,, Au.
gusta, Ga.6 7thA Miss Garvin, teach
err, Augusta, Ca; Mr.. and Mrs.
James Stoney and family, S. c.;
Mrs. Lelon Woods, Sumbter, S. Co.;
Mr.. and Mrs. Solomon Price and
family. Barnwell, S. c.; Miss Serena
Simons, morris CoIlege), Sumter, s.
c.; Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Brown, Au.
gusta, Ca; Mr.. and Mrs. Gus Les
ter, Phila, Pa; Mrs. Essie M.
Kearse and mother, Barnwell, SC;
Mrs. Kate Eubanks, N. Y; Mr.. and
Mrs. Wheeler, Augusta, Ga; Mr..
Ochia Lee Ivey, Augusta, Ga; Mrs.
Thelma Blanks, Jones and children,
Fla. -. go. 49,. -. .....
TELEGRAMS
Mrs. Bertha Huntley, Miami; Mrs.
Ellen Mac and daughter, Miami; Dr.
Howard A. Hadley, Miami: Mr.. and
Mrs. Alfred James, Miami; Mrs. Ida
M. Ollie Mccoy, Miami Mr.. Frank
Ladson, Miami; Mrs. Bill and Daisy
Wilson, Miami; Mrs. Susan Mitchell.
Atlanta, Ga; Mr.. Fred Courtney.
Rosburgh. Mass.
FLOWERS
Mrs. Mary Greene and son, Fla;
Mrs. Davis and Mrs. Billips. Fla,
Mr.. and Mrs. Johnson, Fla: over.
street Grocery. Augusta, Ga; No.
Neighbors of Augusta, No. 2 Neigh.
bors of Augusta, No. Neighbors of
Augusta, Emma Lester Bible Glass
est. James Methodist church,. Au.
gusta; Mr. Marion Bowman, Angus.
ia; Women Of the Church (St. James
Methodist church,, Augusta; Mrs,
Gordon and Miss Lillian, Augusta;
Mrs. Johnson, Fla; st. Thomas
Grove Usher Board, s. c.; Mrs.
Courtney and daughters. Ga.
Mrs. Anna Johnson, sister
Mrs. Marie Courtney. wife
Mr.. Willie Courtney. brother
rIrTI INIEG
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
10 Robson A Communist or A Hero?

Paul Robson has been given more space In the nations
press. and has enjoyed equally more time over the air, than any
man In America In many years.
Very little OF the publicity has been favorable to Robson.
but nevertheless. Robesons cause has been successful. While
the white press has succeeded in getting Robson condemned
among the so-called inteligentsia Of the race. the press has also
made Robcson a hero In the minds Of the common people who
desire freedom and personal security.
What We cannot fathom is tina, Mr.. Robson has been Ia.
beled a Communist. conspiring 10 overthrow the government. II
that Is true. or, II II is believed by the government. and not idle
talk to raise a smoke screen among Robeson's followers. why
doesn't the House Committee on on-Amercan Activities bring
him before the committee Many people who have done nothing
and said less have been brought before the committee for in.
vcstigation.
Reports have 10 that Mr.. Robson has even asked To come
before the House Committee, and has been refused.
The retcence of the House Committee 70 act. gives weight
that there is plenty truth in what Robson says. and plenty un.
truth in what Robson is said to have said.
Is the practice Of democracy so weak that Robson can not
be investigated before the House Committee?
To the common people Robson viii remain an American
and a hero who is tired Of the 1ntusttces, Mob Violence. Lynch.
ings. Segregation. Cross Burning, RELOCATION of Negroes tu stun
Areas. and Refusing Them Decent Jobs-and not a Communist
who is conspiring TO overthrow the government until the
House Committee on un-American Activities shall have in.
vestigated him and proved differently.
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
Bullying And Beating Lose
Out in the Schools
BY SAMUEL 5. TAYLOR. Associate Editor

Respect for the ehilds personality was a dominant note in
the pre-school workshop conducted at South End and reported
in the STATE PRESS last week. Laboring to aid total devel-
opment of the ehilds personality" is a far cry from the old
practice of laboring TO aid total repression Of the child.
IL has only been a short time since teachers kicked out the
pupils they didn't want; principals kicked out teachers: super
inlendents kicked out principals; school boards kicked out SUI.
perintendents: and all white people with inferiorty completes
got rid of them by kicking Negroes out of everything.
While emphasis upon the childs personality is a desirable
thing in all education, 1t Is an absolute essential in Negro educa.
tion and particularly in Negro education in the south. If the Ne
gro boy is bulied and beaten, permitted no initiative. allowed no
Self-sxpreSSion, heCkled into meek submiSsivenesS 10 any oppres-
sion or indignity, then the logical consequence will be spine
less leaders who dare not voice the thoughts and feelings of
their unvocal followers. No more effective weapon for general
circumscribing, and depressing the development Of the Negro
school child, too often seen In the average Negro Schoolroom.
Some teachers think that they are little gods with whom children
must never debate, regardless of the circumstances. Such a sys.
tenn tends TO perpetuate itself. bringing into being teachers.
principals. and even superintendent who are a menace to the
sanity Of the persons entrusted to their supervision.
Development Of the childs total personality" is In line
with the character Of American democracy. Repression In the
Negro schoolroom. whether of child. teacher. principal. or su.
perintendeni, is a 1919 social vcstigc OF slave time. Its logical
end result is Juvenile delinquency In one direction, cowardly
leadership in another, and social defiance In a third. II takes
poised board members, administrators. and teachers. 10 produce
poised pupils. And democracy will prosper and flourish or
"droop and decline In the eXac, proportion that It's adhcrcnts
and champions man the schools with balanced people who will
turn out balanced graduates.
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
tn E Ellis TOLL
BY Leonard n. Bell

For the third time in as many years, this writer calls ON
the responsible leaders and organizations in this country TO de-
clare and fight for legal establishment Of a National Dis
grace Day, to dramatic the national disgraceful acts that tend
to keep the Negro in a second class citizenship status all over
the nation.
The f~oRgingS; the lynchings. both legal and Illegal. the po-
itical barriers that disenfranchise us; the two PeekskilL, n. Y.
incidents; in which state, county and local Law enforcement
lfiicers were obviously dhreleet in their duty, the fragrant in
stances of housing segregation; the rank discrimination pract-
iced In industry toward Negroes: all Of these happenings that
make a mockery Of The word DEMOCRACY could be played up
TO such a great extent each year until not only the whole world.
but the country as we'll, would become acutely conscious of
these daily-practiced brutalities against the nations largest mi
norty.
In this time when the facilities for letting the people know
are 80 great, and our advances economically and politically are
so progressed, we lose valuable ground in refusing to set aside
a Day in which the whole of our 100000 Negroes can register
a dramatic protest against segregation. discrimination and dis
enfranchiscment.
Why Is there continued silence on such n proposalg Where
are our militant churches? Our closely knit fraternal organiza-
lions? Our aggressive Congressional leaders? Can they not take
the leadership In proposing such a Day? OR do they have some
thing bctter7
Let's move ahead. Let's declare a NATIONAL DISGRACE
DAY,
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
LIFE AT 4 GLANCE
BY David Bethea

~ WV oetne
The Heart Of Dixie came to the quiet city of peckskin. n. Y.
The other Sunday when Paul Robson gave a concert there. Be
ing n Negro. felt for the first time in my life that spirit Of re-
venge-that lynch spirit that We In the North hear about in
the South. It is almost unbelievable to think that one should
encounter such a spirit in the most liberal state In the union,
but II happened right under the nose of Harlem.
This incident of rioting and stone throwing may wrong.
fully indicate to the rest Of the country that the North is not
as real as It appears TO be. But more important is the fact that
all those blind people who worked themselves into a mad fever
over protesting Mr.. Robes1ns appearance in Pcckskil. have
done America a disservicc by lifting Communism lofty In every
corner Of the globe.
Public opinion might do we'll to hand out critical reviews
Of such a state of mind in order to prevent a recurrence Of such
wfld-fire demonstrations. Whatever Mr.. Robeson's beliefs. he is
an American, and his ancestry was here in America long before
the ancestry Of many of those who permitted the lynch spirit
to overtake them at Peeksknl More important. the Negro help
to carve cut the processes of our present way of life. This is
still a free country where free speech is a heritage. and free
assembly a formidable barrier against dictatorship.
To those who would cry the red smear in the face of the
Negro, let them learn from history that the Negro is here to
stay, and no stonng or lynch mobs will ever tear him from the
roots Of his birth. and the country he is So much a part. Not
even those Americans who still look upon the color of mans
skin as a barrier t. full recognition of human values-not even
they will move one tenth of America from its love. loyalty. and
its goal to fight for tull recognition as first class citizens.
No the Peekskll rioting and stoning is no reflection on
black America. the outside world may not be any too eager to
forget those who dashed out at Negroes in Dixie terms north
Of the Mason.Dixon line.
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
1: THE Deep SOUTH SPEAKS
BY Robert Durr for ms

AGAINST MUCH FOR NorHlNe-Reccntly, a disturbing item
appeared in a local daily In the Deep south to the effect that
a minister's mass meeting would shortly be held in the city
during which time the Three Dangers Of Negro Leadership
would be pointed out.
a week later, a local weekly newspaper under a single col.
utnn head entitled, Dangerous Leadership Played by Fra.
tefnal Church Leader reported on the mass meeting as follows.
The Three Great Dangers 10 Negro leadership are t)
Regional School Plan which according to Rev. r. w. Coleman.
delegate TO the Fraternal Council Of Negro Churches Of Ameri.
ca is controlled by DiNecrats whose main objective is to further
the maintaince Of the Negro in the status Of hewers Of wood
and drawers of water t2) Communism which he said destroys
Negro leadership on The altar Of white trash social equality and
abanduns same when Il is of no further use and 90 Catholic.
ism which is spending millions Of dollars in the United States to
capture the Negro especially the youth by building schools.
recreation centers and hospitals-all as a means to the end that
Negro leadership in the field Of religion may be displaced.
He pointed out that in Catholic Churches there are great
numbers Of young Negroes while membership in Negro churches
tends more and more to a lot Of cid people and less and less 10
youth.
lie predicted that in fifty years Negro churches would be
Unable to secure top flight Negro ministers or an appreciate
Number Of members as a result Of the Three Dangers 10 Negro
leadership pointed out. And the things the Fraternal Council
If Negro Churches are fighting.
Several observers who listened to Rev. Coleman seemed 10
have dscerned a glimpse of what he is against but said they had
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
listen Here. Mx <Atm!

the thump Of rocks on the side Of
bus. We were Immediately told to
close our windows and this was no
sooner done than rocks began
crashing against the window,
scattering a few splinters. AT one
point in the road, we saw a troop
err sitting in a lawn chair of a
private home, calmly watching
while women tossed rocks toward
us as if they e bowling. After
Peekskill, feeling safe, we opened
the windows as some of the wo-
men were feeling faint. But we
passed some people lined up by the
side of the road at the next settle
ment, and was suddenly shower
ed with water through the win
dow, tho | was standing in the
aisle. We shut the windows I'M
mediately and were again shower.
ed with stones which broke more
windows. A few people got splin-
tors in their arms. However, we
Nare lucky. | counted a total of
SIX splintered windows in our bus:
and there were on injuries that
| know of.
After that we passed several
groups Of hostile people that Yell
ed go back to Russia. We were
stopped once by state troopers,
where | don't know, and the dri-
vers papers were checked. Then
we were allowed to go on. At
Hartsdale we were stopped and
made to get out of the bus. along
with the occupants Of five or six
other buses. The buses were not
allowed to continue into New
York. But within a few minutes
three buses drove up and offered
to take back all the women and
children who wished to go. at a
dollar a head, | learned afterwards
that the people on one bus refused
to pay and We're driven 10 Yonz
kers subway, whore they continu-
ed into New York. Those of us
who left remained quiet and NOV
ed back against the curb. There
were plenty Of police around but
the discipline was maintained By
Our own people. After an hour or
two We were lined up double file
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
Pay Poll Tax Today

difficulty in seeing what DR.. Coleman and Fraternal Council
Of Churches are for.
The observer stated that division within the Negro churches
Is a greater threat TO effective Negro Leadership than any
thing and that the Fraternal Council of Churches might do well
to concentrate on affecting a unificauon of all branches of Ne
gro protestant churches behind efforts to establish, build and
maintain schools, colleges, hospitals, housing projects, recre-
ational and health facilities to be controlled by consecrated. ca
pablc and Adaptable people.
Unity being the great need In the world today, II would
seem that efforts dedicated 10 that would be most fruitful If
such unity can be made The servant Of the people rather than a
church divided and dominated by economies, politics and de-
sire for position on the part Of It's leaders.
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
Beaten


lice took Lanes name and adj
dress and let him go. They told
me to stop crying, I'VE are 60
ing to take you to the doctor"
But instead of taking ME to the
doctor they took me to jaiI. and
locked me up until | could make
be-
When Lane tried to stop me
from getting off the bus. two
White women told Lane to let
me get off, and while I was sit
tin IN the police car two white
We come to the car and gave
me kleenex to wipe the blood off
my face and head
There were said 70 be two No
groes dressed in mems clothing
on the bus witnessing the Incl
dent.
Mrs. Eskridge was charged in
city court with violating the Jim
Grow law and disturbing h
peace. She appealed from the fine.
Lane is said to have said in court
that he hit Mrs. Eskridge because
she was trying TO steal money
from the bus. The bus was load
ed with passengers.
Lane is said to be a driver Of
the South Main street bus.
Mrs. Eskridge is the wife of ID.
S. Eskridge, 2605 Commerce. an
employee of the Missouri Pacific
railroad.
Mrs. Eskridge was treated by
DR.. J. c. Thornton after being re-
leased from jail. When interview
ed at her home she vas still suf-
fering from the Nazi-hke treat
ment accorded her in America.
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
We Will Always Have Robesons

To many, Robson Is an migrate because he is not an indi-
vidualist. Many think because he is a victim of success he
should overlook being a target for the white mans inhumanity
TO man. That. alone, is one of the Negroes most damnable set
backs: Too many Negroes who have achieved a little success.
have allowed themselves to be used by the white man To help
him in his dirty work in enslavine the masses.
Robson is not a cause, he is a result, a result of all the
brutal treatments that have been accorded the Negroes through
out the years since Emancipation. And the only way America
can rid herself Of Robson is TO rid America of the elements
that are flouung the Constitution of these United States by their
abusive treatment and denial of equal rights to people Of color.
For every Robson we have today, there will be thousands to.
morrow. .s
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
-. -.
It Happened-Without Incident

Saturday evening for the first time in Little Rock, Ne
groes and whites participated on equal basis on the grdron.
Grams Eagles game) And it went off contrary to the belief
that white and colored can not play together. There were no
incidents. Only a few whites saw fit to heckle the Negro play
es, and they were those who could not see beyond the end of
their nose. If they had not been blinded by their false superiority
they would have been able to see the Negro attired in khaki
on the field serving white soldiers, guests Of the stadium of
fcals who were incapable of serving themselves.
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
New York %, N, Y,
September 6, l949

STATE PRESS
806 w. 9th
Little Rock, Arkansas
Gentlemen:
My husband and | went to Peek
skill to hear Robson sing, Sun
day, September 4, in a bus arrang-
ed for by the Union of Office Pro-
fessional Workers. We first felt
the tense atmosphere as we passed
through Peekskill, where we saw
many autos carrying signs in the
window reading, america, A
wake, Peekskill Did," police,
troopers, and deputies lining the
road, some m~otioning on traffic;
and small gatherings of people
punched .together-among them
many boys and girls in their late
teens and early twenties booing.
After the concert everyone "a
round us was feeling pleased and
relieved rs we returned to our
buses, The people in bus wait
ed for two hours as bus after bus
pulled out, for our driver to re-
turn. Finally about 6 o'clock,
when everyone was very hot and
tired and thirsty. some of the
members Of the concert committee
came up to our bus and nearby
buses, asked if our driver had
returned. and then brought some
volunteers to take the driveless
buses out Of the grounds. We were
heading for the exit, when sudden
ly we saw a boy. whom | thought
was Negro. but whom others later
told me was white. came running
from the road toward our bus He
ignored the open door Of u bus.
ran past, and was Immediately
surrounded by ten TO fifteen state
troopers and local police who had
followed him at a run. Our bus
started up Immediately, and as we
drove up the hill. we saw police
and troopers running down the
road to leave. Just before we left,
the men had been asked to get off
the buses and LET women and chill
drcn and our Negro friends on the
bus The road at the exit was lined
with uniformed men Just as we
got on the hill where we could
see the policemen running into the
valley. two women in our bus sud
denly shrleked They had seen uni
formed men run 10 two cars pull
men out and hit them The women
crowded into the bus, with many
standing in the %aisles, began &c
get pan.cky However, a man h.
front Immediately jumped up ano
managed 10 calm the women. a
sanr, distance on | suddenly felt
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16

and walked to the train station ac-
complained by the police, with a
few groups of curious citizens
looking on, There we paid rs cents
for train tickets, after having naid
our round-trip fare in the moAp-
ing, of course As far as | know
the people taking the train arrived
back without incident.
! was back in New York at II
p. IN. and stayed up until 3 a. m.
making phone calls until my hus-
band returned from Mohegan.
Signature withheld
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16
S. S. Taylor Says

The white paper which says the worst things about Robe
son is the one which shows least respect for Negro women. We
wonder If there is any connection.
The persistent attempt to tie the recreation bond into the
Stun clearance situation looks like a belief that money should
not be spent on Negroes unless IT brings more money to whites
When will we get the recreation facilities that the city council
voted?
The program for the Negro schools promises more harm
than good. We stand at the most critical period in the history Of
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16

the schools. We have at last reached the point where something
must be done about Dunbar. Should we patch up rickety Gibbs
with accommodations for 500 pupils (neluding basement rooms)
and put 1000 junior high pupils in it? Should we condemn the
senior high school of Dunbar forever to the inadequate facil-
tiles of its present location? Shall we erect new elementary
buildings that give Negro children fewer rooms than the old
buildings?
Arkansas State press., 1949-09-16

| once knew a boy nameb Bill
Who ale MEYERS BREAD until
he had his fill
When eating this bread. his
Mother said.
MEYERS BREAD always fills
Tie Bill"
Evening star., 1949-10-20
House Unit May Name
Counsel for District
Crime Probe Today

A special counsel, two investi-
gators and stenographer may be
selected today by the House Dis
|trict Subcommittee for which the
House late yesterday voted $10,-
900 for expenses Of an investiga-
ton Of crime activities and law
enforcement here.
Chairman Davis said all five
members of the subcommittee will
remain in Washington for today's
meeting, despite adjournment of
Congress. He did not disclose
what action the group might take,
but he indicated it will make
plans In accordance with the ad-
ditional expense fund. -
The $4,000 measure went
through the House unanimously
and without debate, following ap-
proval by the House Administra-
Evening star., 1949-10-20
THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. c.
1HURSpAY, OCIoBER 20

ton Committee. The bill did not
require Senate concurrence.
Mr.. Davis told the committee
the $4,000 is for estimated ex-
penses for the next four months.
The Investigation might run
longer, but there is no way of
knowing now whether further
funds will be needed later, he
explained.
The investigating subcommittee
previously announced public hear
ings will begin early in January
The staff will begin preliminary
studies at once.
"The purpose of this investiga-
tion," Mr.. Davis informed the ad-
ministration committee, ''is not to
be directed toward any one phase
of law enforcement in the District
but will be- general investiga-
ton of every department con-
cerned with law enforcement"
Besides Mr.. Davis, other SUBJ
committee members are Repre-
sentatives Smith of Virginia and
league of Texas, Democrats, and
Bates of Massachusetts. and
Simpson Of Illinois, Republicans
Evening star., 1949-10-20

the public" the horse buyer and
donkey softball promoter said
yesterday, but the story got
snowballing and I couldn't figure
out a way to stop it,"
However. Mr.. Hotter clung to
his story until told yesterday of
reports from Billings that the
animals had been bought there.
Mr.. Hotter said he noticed the
cattle In a Billings stockyard and
thought they had promotional
possibilities. He bought them and
got q. regular brand inspection
without trying to cover anything
up"
He said the Montana rancher
who had raised them asked that
he not disclose where they had
come from.