davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-06-05

vide education for children
actually attending school.
This gives q range OF mere
than five to one. New York
ranks first with $l5.739 per
pupil and Mississippi is low.
5000. Seven States are ABOVE
$4,000 per pupil and six are
below $4,000. representing the
extremes.
The report also attempts to
measure the effort made by
each State to support education
in relation to its ability TO pay.
1t divides local revenue receipts
for public schools by the total
personal income of the people.
New Mexico ranks first and
Illinois last in this list. New
Mexico contributes $36 out OF
every $1,000 in income. Illinois
allots Sl4 out of every 81 900.
The average is about $25 per
$1,000 in income.
Estimating the valqe Of school
property and dividing it by the
number Of pupils in each State.
the report says New York has
the highest investment per
pupil, $810. Rhode Island Is
second with s672. New Jersey
third with $670 and Massachu-
sets fourth with $65S. Ala
hama Is at the bottom of this
Evening star., 1949-06-05
By Robert {. Geieer

The wide range between ed
ucational opportunities open to
children in various States Is
shown In a newly published re-
port by the Council Of State
Governments.
This survey was authorized
by the Governors Conference in
194S. 1t Is described as "the
first study of education to be
conducted by an agency of all
the States"
Annual expenditure per pupil
for current expenses in schools
varies widely. the survey shows.
New Jersey spends $260.80.
highest among all States. and
almost four times the $66.54
spent by Mississippi.
Some States have a much
heavier educational load than
others because there are more
children of school age in the
total population. according to
the report.
The average is 205 children
among each 1000 population.
But In New Mexico there are
283 school children among
every 1000 persons, highest In
the Nation. New Jersey Is the
lowest with 1866.
Evening star., 1949-06-05

list with si2l. But the invest
ment is less than 5000 in South
Carolina. Tennessee and Missis-
sippi.
The Bureau of the Census
estimates there probably will be
at least $500 900 more children
in grades / to II in 10 years
than there are today.
Schools to Be Crammed
Using this estimate. the re-
port says 100000 additional
classrooms should be construct
ed during this period TO replace
obsolete and inadequate facil-
tiles and TO take care of addi-
tional children. 1t estimates
the cost at from 50 1000 900 900
to sl2.250. .000. 900.
The report also warns Of a
teacher shortage in elementary
schools. In ls48 only li.S7l
students completed teacher
preparatory courses in "a States
reporting. And 44.66l teachers
were needed as normal replace
ments. Not 3 single State Is
turning out all the elementary
school teachers 1t needs.
This Is one Of the most alarm
ing situations in the entire
school outlook. the report says.
Distributed By ths Associated rrsssl
Evening star., 1949-06-05

Generally, the States with
the most children have the
least ability to support educa-
ton, based on income per child.
Most of these are Southern
States. North Dakota is an ex-
ception. 1t ranks fifth highest
In school population but 22d in
income per school-age child.
The income -per-child Is es-
timated by dividing the total
personal income Of all the peo-
pie in a State by the number Of
children of school age.
The average personal income
per school child ranges from
$2,374 in Mississippi to almost
five times that much in New
York, $10,742. The average
for all States is $6.436.
Big Investment Shown
The income per child is more
than $1,000 In each of Ave
States at the top Of the list
and less than $500 in seven
States at the bottom.
But the report also divides
the total personal income of all
people of each State by the
number Of children actually at
tending public schools. This. it
says, is a more accurate meas
ure of a States ability to pro-
Evening star., 1949-06-05
Conference to Diagnose Education Ailments

and management oi
schools and methods of teaching.
are quite specific. The third-ths
promotion Of the causes OF educa-
ton throughout the country-is
the most elastic and the one DR.
McGrath plans to put TO con-
siderable use.
He says the collection OF statistical
data and the distribution OF re-
ports are important. but that they
alone cannot provide the leader
ship he feels his Office should give
the educational field.
Will Speed Reports
I'm not a collector of statistics. =
DR.. McGrath explains, land II
hadn't thought that the Office oi
Education would be a dynamic in
stitution offering opportunity for
considerable leadership ] wouldn';
be interested In the job"
Or. McGrath says he plans tc
hurry up departmental reports
He tells Of a plan In which his Of
fee Is working In cooperation
with the National Council of Chief
State School Ofiicers, BY hav-
ing all States use uniform record
forms. DR.. McGrath hopes that al
much as two years viii be cut from
the time IL now takes for national
reports to be made available.
The 46-year-old educator finds
that many changes should be
made In the high school curric-
ulum to meet the needs TO present
day society. A strong advocate OF
liberal education. Or. McOrath
objects to the trend toward early
specialization In high sch1,ol. He
points out that students often be-
gin specification courses In the
sophomore year.
Evening star., 1949-06-05

Dr.. Earl ]. McG Grath. new United
States commissioner Of education.
feels that his Office should share
leadership in educational develop
ments, but that it has no right to
force any idea or plan on the edu-
cational system of the country.
The commissioner plans to share
this leadership by calling on prom
inent American educators and lay
men to form committees and COM
missions which will survey and
report on crucial problems Of edu-
cation. The first committee met
in Washington recently to look
into the need for financial aid to
students in higher education.
Favors Federal Aid
These committees. as pictured
by DR.. McGrath, will be kept alive
until a complete study is made.
Some may last as long as five
years. Conferences on progress Of
the surveys will be held about
twice a year in Washington.
In making financial aid to stu
dents the first conference topic.
the education office recognizes that
many able students are kept from
attending colleges and universities
because of lack Of funds. The
committee gave consideration to
such points as whether the
money is needed on d loan or grant
basis for tuition, board and room
and other educational expenses.
DR.. McGrath emphasizes that
local and State institutions need
not fear encroachment on their
traditional control from his office.
"If there is any threat to local
initiative and responsibility 1t Is
not from a grasping Federal
Evening star., 1949-06-05

persons into the
teaching profess
sion to ill the
gap at the ele-
mentary school
level.
The bigge S (
problem for the
future, DR.. Nc
Grath says. is
the increase in
the Ma tion' S
birth rate which.
In 10 years. viii
swell the coun-
trv's elementary
a nd secondary
schools by 35 per
cent over the
l948 enrolment.
To help the
count try face
tt,aea aroniaYs1s
Evening star., 1949-06-05

DR.. McGrath wants his ofiice to
share in leadership. But. he says.
educational leaders cannot hope
tu~ solve these problems without
strong public support.
Since 1857 when the ONCE OF
Education was established. 1t has
had three functions. The first two,
"the collection of statistics on the
condition and progress OF United
States education and the distribu-
ton of information concerning the
Evening star., 1949-06-05

missions identify
the best educa-
ton prac t i ces,
they can get the
prof e ssion to
study and inves-
tigate these prac-
tices for possible
adoption.
The news of
these surveys is
quite timely. with
the Federal Aid
to Education bill
now a W attn g
congressional ac-
ton. This bill
provides $780,
900, 900 to States
for public ele-
mentary and Sec
ondary schools.
to be admins
Evening star., 1949-06-05

tered by the Once Of Education.
DR.. McGrath has been out
spoken in favoring Federal aid to
education. Even before accepting
the Office. he said schools could
not move ahead without Federal
aid.
He says such aid would help to
provide higher salaries for teach
ers, general current expenses and.
most of all, set the stage for the
Evening star., 1949-06-05
BY Roy Henry

predicted 1900, 900 increase In en-
rollment within the next ten years.
The lack Of elementary school
teachers is the most immediate
problem facing education today.
according to the new commits
sioner. He suggests q recruit
ment campaign to bring qualified
Evening star., 1949-06-05

'Government. 1t comes from the
increasing deterioration of our ed
ucational system itself, through
financial starvation" the new
commissioner said when sworn
into office.
.Dr. McGrath believes, however,
that II the committees and COM
Evening star., 1949-06-05
Bolivia Tin Mine Murders
Are Laid to Subversives
Bad Situation Develops With Extremists
Attacking Major Source OF Supply
on Which I. $. Depends
Ey Ec~ess TomIsn.aa

Rloody rsotlng st a isn hasa w~sa Frs4.x
O.
foreigners haAitaAa
called gEs1ssns
Tinted States but pae.k m4aAlna
Evening star., 1949-06-05
Truman ProgramSlowed
I By Variety of Obstacles
Dixiecrat.Republican Coalition Main Reason
Why Few Campaign Pledges Have
Actually Been Performed
By Raymond P. Brondt

Five months tomorrow President Truman outlined in person
joint session OF the Slst Congress the major items In
his comprehensive fair deal" which he and
Democratic members had been elected date only few Of these
promises have been translated into performance Mr. Truman
observed at recent conference his administration will be
Evening star., 1949-06-05

When Hitler came to power,
Naxl agents began orEantxins
ounds and secret societies arsung
their expatraAte coaantrymen. A
vroup Of German o1fscsrs beaded
by famed Ernst Hoesam. the Iatx
Fxsenrers narsyred friend. be-
came instructors In the Bolivian
Army. AZ one time German bsnk-
ers and nnancsers esen galnexs
centred Of o larse s1ic~ of the TN
Industry ttseif. When World war
III burst upon Essrcp~ it Was onsy
ssy the greatest pressure and snf1a-
ence that tise Axas grip on taae
country was isscken. Eventually o
government friendly 20 tire AIsaea
CAUSE. headed hy 6erL Knranue
E&nsrand&. came to ofssne.
But eren after the var ended
forces friendly 10 shs Axis. sfscnsar- )
ased and supported BY German
agents and pro-oern1en peronissx
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05
OLD FOES

The new trade treaty between Aus
tria and Italy should help to heal one of
the long-standing international enmities
1t dates back to Austria's long continued
control of much of North Italy, the rest of
the peninsula being divided up into numer-
Gus petty states. The unification of Italy
which was eventually completed in 1870
had Austria as its most tenacious opponent
Though Austrian rule was no more tyran-
nical than that of the Bourbon kingdom of
Naples for instance, and in fact offered
many of the benefits of good government
Austria was hated more than the local
tyrants. The Italian poet, Silvio Pellico, a
conspirator for italian independence,
wrote moving account of his persecution,
"My Prisons" which did much to fix the
popular impression that Austria was Italy's
worst enemy.
Curiously enough, as early as 1879
Austria and Italy became military allies,
Germany being the third partner and the
moving spirit No good will went with the
enforced association, however, and in 1914
Italy declined to fight Austria against the
Allies. Next year she joined France and
Great Britain, and got as reward the
last remaining scraps of Italian territory
still in Austrian possession.
Now Austria is tiny state, unable to
tyrannize over anyone. Italy, too, is en-
feebled To help each other remain indie
pendent the two do we'll to make friends.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05
FREE TO ACT


Key Westers know that labor unions
are blessing to the laboring man, but
Key Westers know also that unionism, in
all parts of the country, is riddled with
racketeers.
For that reason, The Citizen believes
that a vast majority of Key Westers APP
pland the Southern Democrats in the ma
tons House of Representatives in joining
Republicans to save the Taft Hartley Law
from humiliation,
The Republican Democratic bloc, on
Tuesday night. saved most of the Taft
Hartley act in approving the Wood bill by
vote of 217 to 203. 1t was resounding
setback for President Truman who had
recommended labor measure that would
have been similar to the Wagner Act that
eoddled labor i'm New Deal days.
Speaker Sam Rayburn, aware that the
Presidents drive for outright repeal of the
Taft Hartley Act was doomed to defeat.
pleaded for the adoption of compromise
measure, put forth by Democratic leaders
in the House. But his pleas were in vain.
He was unable to dent the Republican,
Democratic coalition.
Labor leaders, of the John L. Lewis
type, welded too much power under the
Wagner law. They could do much as they
pleased and Lewis demonstrated the ex-
tent that labor could go to i'm Haunting the
rights of the American people.
Another eommendahle thing in the
Taft-Hartley law is to guarantee every
American the right to work without com
pulsion to pay for that right by joining a
labor union. If iaborer wishes to join
union, nobody should attempt to dissuade
him; if he does not want to join, nobody
should compel him to join.
Americanism guarantees man to be
his own free agent and no bill should be-
come law that would curb that free
DOM
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05

Editor, The Citizen:
After reading the pros and con
on the M.D,-N,D. question il r.
Miami Herald, all I have 10 -
is that II reminds me Of ~
small boys fighting over the sa.as
piece of candy when the onls
sensible solution would be Is
vide the candy SO that each woua
have a piece.
Not long ago my baby vas =
verely burned about the face /
took him 10 local N. D.. "a
thanks 70 this nature docim
and % his herbs and p0ulfios
my baby was spared the dlscoa.
fort Of going through life seams
in the face.
II would be a good thing m
the state TO continue is invest
CATION Of the n. d. and their nras
ticos. think that they would lina
out what wonderful i0b ihs
are doing.
Aside from the local n D. /
have taken my baby d 4 vel
known N, d. IN lamps and ! Ia
very well satisfied wlfh thef
work and treatments.
Z. U. VALDEZ.
720 Duval Street.
Key West Fla,
May 5. 1919.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05
GOOD CANCER NEWS

Because cancer has the, highest death
rate among American people of all dis
eases except those of the heart, special eff
fort has been made during the month of
April TO call attention to the necessity of
aeeeleFating the fight against this disease,
the cause of which is unknown.
zsaE IL Is interesting in this connection to
learn that studies at the University of
Chicago of the blood serum of cancer
patients by comparison with the serum
OF that Of normal individuals, reveal
what may be, for all practical purposes.
SIMPLE, cheap and reasonably sure blood
test Tor cancer, according to report made
by Professor Charles z. Higgins at the
annual meeting of the American Associa-
ton for Cancer Research
For many years strenuous effort has
been made to find simple and consist
--eni test for cancer, The fact that most
eases. IL detected early enough, can be
cured, makes the importance of the dis
coYery more significant. If subsequent
findings prove that simple test has real
" been found, tho discovery will be one
W ths great LANDMARKS, not only in the
right against cancer. but in the history of
the battle against disease.
The experimental work was carried
an nv Professor Higgins, in collaboration
with DR.. Gerald M. Miller and DIR. Elwood
III. Jensen, under grant from the Ameri-
cd" can Cancer Society. These gentlemen
gave generous credit to the work of a
large number of investigators in this
country and in Europe who laid the foun-
dation for their own researches.
While the test has been very success
ful in discovering the early incidence of
'r cancer, it does not locate the cancer in
the body, Nor does it determine the type
of cancer. These matters will remain in
the field of the examining physician. who
will need the assistance of the patient to
localige the malignant growth so that il
can be eradicated.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05
NOTICE OF INTENTION TO WAKE
APPLICATION ron FiSAL
DISCHARGE $

probate Law 1850
IN COURT OF THE cor IT
JUDGE, MON roe c0I<Tf.
STATE OF FL0RID4. N Pro
BATE.
In re the Estate of
]. Maidon Bethel, also known as
J. III. Bethel, Deceased.
To All Whom 1t May Concern:
Notice is hereby give that Matilda
Luellen Bethel, has filed her flnal
report as E,xecutrix of the estate
of J. Maiden Bethel, also known as
]. D. Bethel, deceased; that she has
filed her petition for final dis
charge. and that she will apply 10
the Honorable Raymond r: Lord
County Judge of Monroe County,
Florida, on the 30th day of May,
1919. for approval of same and , FOR
final discharge as Execqtrix OF the
estate of J. Maiden Bethel, also
known as J. NJ. Bethel. deceased, on
this 27th day of April, l349.
(SD) Matilda Luellen Bethel
Exeeutfix of the estate of j.
Maiden Bethel, also known as
], M. Bethel, deceased.
apT,28; may-5- 12-19,l 1912,
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05

Some of the metropolitan papers have
been criticizing the President for claiming
that he "has reserve authority that he can
use whenever he may see the need to
exercise it,, Trouble is: The more Presi-
dents we get the more authority they as
sumo. After all, FDR was the man who
travelled across the World and made bar
gains galore in trading with foreign rulers
who didn't keep the truce that they had
agreed upon.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05
Interesting Notes

Cadiz, Spain, was Phoenician
colony in the 18th Century, B. c.,
and was then known as Gades.
The average altitude of Spain
is 1900 feet, higher than that of
any European country except
Switzerland.
The throne of Japan was the
prize in a wrestling match, in
1858 between two sons of the EN-
peror Bantoku.
More than tWo-thirds of
Spain's land area is either arid
or semi-afid, and part of the rest
is too mountainous for cultiya-
ton.
The Congressional Union-la-
ter the National Woman's Party
was formed in 1913 to agitate for
Women's suffrage by picketing
the White House, burning the
presidents speeches and heckling
speakers.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05

From Tampa to Miami in hour and
10 minutes and thence to Key West in al
minutes-that was the record set by two
brilliant yellow canaries now in the home
Of Hito Hernandez, of Virginia street, this
city,
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05
There are bills pending in the

There are bills pending in the House
and Senate Of the United States which if
enacted into laws would hit the publishers
of from 1900 TO $1,000 circulation, below
the belt. In Florida, too, house bill 80 would
cause q hardship on the smaller newspa-
pers, and in some cases would remove all
profit from the publication of legal ads.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05

TIE Clftxen w<fesnzrx ~wav~
sfons % the views az fle reex.
ere. huf the edifor se~srse. 81.
fIghf 20 delete any iiem. wklE1
are considered Iibeious ~ unsses.
rmnfcds The writer's shsnia H.
fair mad eanfine shn iefgnsa -
30D wnrdn. and a<xEsfe aa 4an IA.
Of the paper aaiy. s1Mnn<mFx ~
the writer's nansf neeomn1Mr t&2
leffepa ana Will be nuAliake1 -.
leas reauesfed uIheFwis<.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05
DOUBLE DUTY

The other evening / overheard
on lady ask another: do you
do your own work or keep a
maid?"
Eyes, | do?" the other replied.
do which," asked the first.
keep a maid and do my own
work." came the weary rejoin-
der.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05

Playing bridge is not only more thrill
ing than petty gambling, says Expert Ely
Culbertson, but it may be cure for it. But
what could be worked as a cure for bridge
Kansas City Star.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05
0RnER OF PUBLICATION

TO: AUDREY NJ A IL ~ r7bHi'-
MA ACkS,
c/O Harry Adams.
r. r. y. No. ],
Rans0mville. New York.
You are hereby required to APP
pear to the Bin of Complaint for
Divorce in the above styled cause
on or before the 3lst day Of May,
4. u. 1919, otherwise the allegations
therein will he taken as confessed
This Order is TO be published once
a week for four consecutive week S
in The Key West Citizen. news
paper published in the City Of Key
West, Florida.
DONE AND ORDERED this eth
day Of ADril, 4. n. 1949.
1SeaD EARL II. ADAMS,
Clerk of the Circuit Court,
Monroe County, Florida.
BY: (sdl Anne G. LoggWorth'
Deputy Clerk.
(SD) ALLAN b. CLEARE, JR.,
Attorney for Plaintiff.
apr.2s: may-5- IL 10, 1919.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05
Key West In
DAYS Cone BY
AS TAKEN FROM FILES
OF THE CITIZEN OF
MAY S. l949
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Members of the crew of the
new lighthouse tender Zennia
will leave tomorrow for Whining
ton, Delaware, to bring the boat
back to Key West for use in this
lighthouse district. w. c. Banks
is captain of the Zennia and Ar
thur H. Sheppard, Jr., first Off
Ger.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05

If You want to improve yourself, as
soeiate with those who are better than
you.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05

.Crist Mill
BY REP. GEORGE sMATHERs

When a new Congress first
convenes as did the 81st Con-
gress last January : legislation
must be introduced, referred to
committees and hearings held.
1t is. therefore, only after the
committees have completed their
work that the House as whole
goes into action and considers
the measures reported by the
committees. In the past few
weeks the House Committees
have been rapidly reporting Leg
islation to the House so that
we have been exceedingly busy
on the Floor each day in addi-
meetings and office duty.
ton to our regular committee
Action on pending bills has
been much faster in the House
than in the Senate so far this
year. Only two major legislative
bills (extension of rent control
and extension of ECA) have pas
sed the Senate to date. Nine ap-
preparation bills which have
passed the House are pending
in the Senate. The House is in
the middle of debating labor leg
islation and when it completes
that, there are other matters of
great importance which will
Immediately be up for conside-
ration.
Several months ago l discussed
in this column bill which had
been introduced in the House
which would establish a uni
form system of justice in all the
armed services. At that time |
discussed the merits of the leg
islation and how it would i'm
prove the court proce-
dure now in effect in each of
the services.
The bill was referred to the
House Armed Services Commit
tee and last week, after holding
hearings six days a week for al
most five weeks, the Committee
reported the bill favorably TO
the House.
The proposal is officially cited
as uniform Code of Military
Justice" as it would be uniformly
APPLICABLE in all of its parts to
the Army, the Navy, the All
Force, and the Coast Guard in
time of war and peace. 1t covers
both the substantive and the
procedural law governing mill
tary justice, and its administra.
ton in all of the armed forces
of the United States. If adopted
it will supersede the Articles Of
War, the Articles for the Govern.
ment of the Navy, and the Disci-
plinary Laws of the Coast Guard
all of which are familiar terms tc
servicemen.
If anyone should be interest.
ed in having a copy of this pro.
posed code, l will be glad to for,
ward it on request.
4
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05

Seventeen and one third milli-
on women were employed in the
United States in November. l948,
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1949-05-05

About 10000 women in the
United States lose their lives by
accident each year.