davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-04-23
Red Peace Congress
Wildly Halls News
Of War in China
Paris Session Ignores
Briton's Charge Thut
1t Supports Conflict
(Picturk ON Pane R-f3l
picture on Page Bib
BY the Assoeicted Press

PARIS, April 23.-War news
from China brought delegates tc
their feet for two minutes Of wild
cheering today Ut the Communist
led World Congress for Peace.
They did it In spite Of q verbal
spanking from a British lawyer,
Harvey Moore, who told them they
could not be for peace and still
support Chinese Communists In
the war in China.
j. G. Crowther. British histo-
rian, who was the days chairman,
dramatically announced. after Mr..
Moore's speech:
1--WE have just learned that the
democratic Chinese forces have
entirely liberated Marking"
Delegates Shocked by Speech.
Then Crowther led the 1906
delegates in three "hip-hip-hur.
rahs" and the widest cheering o1
the congress meetings to date.
Mr.. Moore. 81. shocked the dele.
gates with his speech. the first one
so far at this congress which called
for an end to a war In progress
The delegates sat stunned as he
cried:
do not deceive yourselves, you
cannot be for war Tin China) and
peace, at the same time.
"Proletarian bureaucrats, as
well as bourgeois bureaucrats will
have to learn that people want
free I'm Of the individual. free
dom : speech. freedom Of elec-
tions and freedom to change their
government If they want to-"
The delegates made no sound.
Where are the cheers?" asked
Mr.. Moore.
He finally got little applause
by this urging. Mr.. Moore. a
kings counsel and representative
of the International Organization
of Democratic Lawyers, started his
speech by saying:
Anyone, American, Russian or
Bulgarian, who would have any
thing to do with dropping an
atomic bomb on his fellow man is
a cad"
He got no reaction.
why don't you cheer?" he
asked. =
There has been too much
stirring up of hate at this confer
ence," said Mr.. Moore. mo won
der Picasso's dove looks so sad"
A painting of dove by Artist
- rE A~E ~ONaDrCC A1A
Evening star., 1949-04-23
(See SHANGHAI, Page A.
DouqIos' Eye Improves

LONDON, April % R.-Amer.
lean Embassy sources reported
continuing improvement today in
the condition of Ambassador
Lewis Douglas left eye, which was
snagged by a fish hook in a fish,
ing accident on April 4. The
chances of saving the sight OF
the eye were reported still good.
Evening star., 1949-04-23
Vice President 10 Crown
Shenandoah Apple Queen
spseieI Dispossh 10 rhs s,sr

WINCHESTER, Va. April a.
Vice President Barkley will crown
Miss Margret Thors queen OF the
Shenandoah Apple Blossom Festi-
val here Thursday.
Festival headquarters announced
that he had accepted an invitation
from Senator Byrd. Democrat, Of
Virginia to place the crown on the
head Of Miss Thors. 2l-year-old
daughter Of the Thor Thors, Ice
landic Minister TO the United
States.
The pageant viii be repeated
Friday but Mr.. Barkley Is not
expected TO participate In that
ceremony.
Evening star., 1949-04-23
Daughter Of U. S. Envoy
In Turkey IsWed
oy ne Asss<isssd Press

ISTANBUL. Turkey. April u
Caroline Long Wadsworth. daugh-
ter OF George Wadsworth. Ameri-
can Ambassador to Turkey. was
married today.
The groom was Walter Harris.
81. OF Scranton. Pa. who Is an
attache at the American Embassy
in Baghdad. Irac. Miss Wads-
worth, a. Is from Buffalo. N. X.
The couple viii sail for the
United States after 9 European
tour.
Evening star., 1949-04-23
Gen. ChennouIt Flying
To U. S. With Family
sy the Asss<;ossd pssss

CANTON. April 23.--Maj. Gen
Clair Chennauit. accompanied By
his wife and infant daughter. left
here yesterday for the United
States.
He was travelling by way OF Hons
Kong, where he was to board .
Philippine Airlines planes
Friends said he would try TO
arouse a great American interest
IN China"
Evening star., 1949-04-23

RASOOOs. Burma, April ~
DPl.--The Burmese governments
said today II has rushed rssn-
foreenentA and heavy artillery 20
the syaungiebin area. wfeTs
heavy fighting Ia IN progress
against the Karen scbela. Bev-
eral air strikes were made against
the Karen poSitlonS.
Evening star., 1949-04-23
Nationalist Army F|ees Nanking;
Rail Station Blasted Port Fired;
Reds Say British Began Ship Fight
Mobs Rule City;
Reds Continue to
Pour Over River
BY Seymour Topping

Assoeioted Press Foreign Correspondent
NANKING, April 23.-The Chi
nese government abandoned Nan
king today and departing Ma
tionalist troops blew up the big
railway station just outside the
undefended walls of the capital.
All along the Yangtze, demoral-
ICED government troops gave, way
before the Red assault that
preached the great river barrier.
-Four Nationalist armies, totaling
probably 100000 men. retreated
southwark. They left Markings
waterfront in flames and the city
unprotected from the fury Of loot
ing mobs.
(The Communist radio said
tonight that Red troops were
pouring across the river "ac-
cording to plan" in key sectors
Of a.front $40 miles long. This
operation extends from Kiang-
yin, 80 miles southeast of Nam
king, to Kiukiang, 230 miles
southwest.
e { (The Peiping broadcast,
heard in Shanghai, said $780,
900 men would be across the
river between Kiukiang and
Anking tonight. Between Ank-
ing and Wuhu, 60 miles south
west of Nanking. 100000 Reds
have broken through very
weak" government defenses,
the radio claimed.
(In the sector east of Nam
king, the Reds reported 100000
troops have occupied Chinki-
ang. Yangtsung and Kiangyin.
including Kiangyin fort
which gives them control OF
the river. Kiangyin is only
IS miles upstream from
Shanghai.)
Capital Awaits Reds.
The capital awaited the entry
of the Communists. Crowds stood
in the streets-some glum, some
curious---for the sight Of the tri-
Reds. E.
Negotiations for turning the
city over to the Communists al
ready were reported under way.
Gen. Ma Chin-yuan. chairman OF
the Marking Emergency Peace
Committee, had said
earlier he had made contact with
the Reds for this purpose.
How soon the Reds would take
over no one would say-if they
knew. There was only one rea-
son they had not yet come: They
had not yet chosen to do 1t.
The Communist 35th and 37th
Armies-about 10000 strong
faced the capital across the
Yangtze. There was nothing to
stop them.
Flames and smoke billowed up
all along Markings river port from
fires set by government troops as
they pulled out. Mobs surged
through the area, looting every
thing they could lay hands on.
saw Nationalist demolition
teams blast the Nanking railway
station just outside the city's north
wall. They worked quickly and
efficiently in an area completely
deserted except for a few looters
around the stripped
Port Area Destroyed.
The walls of the new station
building caved in. The entire area
was afame. but I could not tell
how effective the demolition was
inside the railway yards. i
toured the blazing port area
for the second time today. 1t was
. scene of utter destruction and
desolation.
There were no regular Commu-
nist troops to be seen. although
fire was going on steadily all
Continued on Page Az. Col. g.
a. -
Evening star., 1949-04-23

(See PEACE CONGRESS, Az
Evening star., 1949-04-23

(See SHIPS. Page A-3J
Evening star., 1949-04-23

(See LONDON, Page A-2D
Evening star., 1949-04-23
Burmo Sends Reinforcements

CONTINUED on PaEe A-24. Col. ~
Evening star., 1949-04-23

CONTINUED on Page Az. Col. g.,
Evening star., 1949-04-23
Guide for Re q d ers

A. Assa<as'es Frsss ssF~s<>ss<,
Evening star., 1949-04-23

Considerable cloudiness with few brief
showers today; high in 70s. Clearing with
low in low SOS tonight. Tomorrow sunny
and mild. Full report on Page A-2)
Midnight, 81 6 am. ---54 II am. 10
2 am. SIS 8 am. SO Noon 72
4a.m. ST 10 am. 62 pm. --73
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
No Early Relief From Heat Seen;
90. Degrees Due Today
Heot Wave Moy Brock Late Wednesday,;
Hottest DIV of Yenr Byinox One Drownino

scattered showers in the Wash
ington area today and tomorrow
but chances for the city to
soak up one of them we're so re-
mote the forecast didn't even
mention 1t.
Yesterdays drowning victim
was Beauregard Thomas. %, col
ored. Of Baltimore. who disap-
peared under nine feet OF water
in an abandoned quarry pit near
Muirkirk. Prince Georges County.
Md.
Using a portable boat. Glen
Echo rescue squad recovered the
body after two hours Medical
authorities said the swimmer ap-
parently suffered a cramp.
John Brown. IS. OF 1886 Ben
ming road NE. collapsed In the
1900 block of Kenilworth avenue
NE. His condition was reported
as good today in Casualty Hos
pital.
Sweltering thousands sought re-
lief on the rivers. at the beaches.
and In the parks and Zoo yester-
day. Last night Park police found
Rock Creek. potomac and Fort
Dupont Parks crowded with
sleepers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
ChristoffeI Perjury Conviction
Thrown Out by High Court, Sd
Positive Showing
Of Quorum Needed,
Judges Decide
ey the Assoeio,ed Press

The Supreme Court today threw
out the perjury conviction OF
Harold r. Christoffel, former Mil
waukee labor leader.
Cfristoffel was convicted In
District Court here on a charge
that he falsely told the House
Labor Committee he had never
been a Communist or had any
Communist connections. He was
sentenced to two to six years.
The Supreme Court ruled 5-4
that the Government in such a
prosecution must be able to show
positively that a quorum Of the
House Committee was present
when Christoffel alledgedly COM
mitted perjury.
In District Court Judge Edward
M. Curran had taken the position
that If a quorum of 10 was pres
ent when the committee session
opened. it would be presumed the
committee acted as legally con-
stituted body throughout the
whole meeting. and the question
of whether or not members left
the hearing before Christoffel tes-
titled was irrelevant.
Former president of Local 248,
United Auto Workers, Christof1el
was convicted on six counts of
perjury before the House Labor
Committee in 1947.
Christoffel testified he had never
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
AppeaIsCo
Legality Of Custer Of
Broadmoor Tenants
Rules That Those Owning
Their Apartments Have
Stotus of Landlords

The right Of members Of the
Broadmoor Cooperative Apart
ments, Inc, to GUST nonparticipat-
ing tenants was affirmed today by
the United States Court Of APP
peals.
The court held that Judge Ed
ward A. Tamm of District Court
ruled correctly last December
when he held the coop members
had the status of landlords and
could evict tenants under the Dis
trict Rent Control Act in order to
use the premises themselves.
At that time. Judge Tamm ruled
against 80 tenants who did not
join the coop but wanted to re-
main in their apartments.
In an opinion written by Judge
Henry w. Edgerton. the appellate
court held it was satisfied the CO.
Oh members were landlords with
in the meaning Of the rent act.
Established Before Deadline.
In seeking the intent of Con-
gress in the matter. the court
looked to an amendment to the
rent law which became effective
last April 10. That change pro-
vided that. beginning March /.
members of a coop could not ex-
ercise landlords eviction rights
unless IS per cent of the tenants
(See BROADMOOR Page A-6.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
By J. A. O'leor

A proposal to put the atomic
bomb in the same class with
poison gas-to be used only II
some other nation uses 1t first
was made to the Senate today by
Senator Flanders. Republican. OF
Vermont.
The Vermont Senator said his
resolution would have four effects:
/. Enable the President. in the
event atomic weapons were used
against the United States. to dis
patch planes with A-bombs
against an enemy without wait
ing for Congress to declare war.
2. Establish q national policy
to guide the armed services. 60
they win not organize for use Of
the A-bomb rs the primary in
strument but only for retaliation
3. Give assurance 10 the peoples
behind the Iron Curtain" - u
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
Flanders Seeks to Limit A-Bomb
To Retaliation, Like Poison Gas

the American plans regarding
atomic warfare. In the event Of
war with their governments.
1. Give new impetus to efforts
to obtain an international agree
ment In the United Nations for
control Of atomic energy.
Declaring that Russia Is already
established right in the heart Of
Europe now" Senator Flanders
said that to use the atomic bomb.
except in retaliation. would be 10
attack friendly populations In the
satellite countries. who would like
to get out from under Russian
control.
A reporter asked Senator F1and-
ers how he would meet the criti-
cism that this country would be
foregoing the initial use Of It's
most potent weapon.
My answer would be. ! don't
think We ought TO sell our i'm
mortal souls to the devil said
Senator Flanderk
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27

The heat and humidity were
contesting for high honors again
today and, with no relief In sight
before at least late Wednesday
District residents were cast in the
role OF sure losers.
One drowning and one heat
prostration were recorded yester-
day as the mercury boiled up TO q
season high OF 90 degrees, one
point below the all-time high for
June rs in 1880.
Breezes were expected to bring
a slight improvement in 93-
degree high today, the same top
reading Of a year ago and four
degrees under the record June a
reading Of 81 in 1875.
The temperature had risen to 50
at l pm. but slipped back to %
at 1880 pm. The humidity ranged
from So to IS.
Officially there is no relief in
sight at all. One lenient Weather
Bureau forecaster gave an ofI-the-
cuff observation about the pos
sible turn for the better late We'd
nesday.
There also should be widely
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
Glen Burnie Slayer
Sentenced 10 Hang

BALTIMORE, Jtans n ,--Thnnss
A. Edwards aaa a~nssrsced today
TO be hanged for the double nas-
DER Of q oisn nurnss couple ssxt
September
judge Robert rrxpes pro-
feysineed the sentence for s4irs~as
and two ottrT judges who LAST
February eonvtrtsd tf~ 2g.y~af-
Old eoIosec man Of fFss degree
murder
Under ite ver1ies. ifs Judges
had ihs choice 81 owaly death or
life s&sorsnsni fow Eewafis-
He xsa ssafsf fog tf< murders ~
john MAsalsn. Is ard has dass.
Mis- Mary KItns. ID Thssr
oodaes both with bsaiSss wounds.
wrre found In o es~axans eG cfss~
:<rfel6 road
Before hearing ths ~nssres.
xaa ssxse u ss Pad any
tfsng 10 sms.
Yes, sss. hs Fspsss6 tr STAT
raso stsse. ""Yaa nns me wsxaltv
u tina eslras aud ] sstl dorf tes1
raiisy Of ~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
Britain and Argentina
Sign Trade Agreement
Over U. 5. Objections
American Businessmen
See Loss Of lmportont
South American Market
sy ne Asseeiessd P,sas

BUENOS AIRES. June IT
Britain and Argentina signed
five-year trade agreement today,
thus ignoring United States OBJ
jections to the pact.
The signing was done in the
presence OF President Juan d.
Peron. his wife and group OF
high officials In the White Salon
of Government House.
Sir John Balfour. Britain's Am
bassador to Argentina. and four
ministers who form the Argen-
tine National Economic Council,
signed the Spanish and English
copies. The ceremony. broadcast
over the Argentine network, re-
quired two minutes.
Z. q. Trade Loss Feared.
American businessmen believe
the two-way pact will cut of one
of their important South Ameri-
can markets. The United States
claims the pact violates the spirit
of free competitive international
trade. American officials fear II
might keep United States oil and
farm machinery OF the Arsen-
tine market.
Under the agreement Britain
will supply the bulk OF Argensinas
imports. These would range from
much needed oil and coal 70 auto
mobiles and WHISKY In return
Britain would get from Argentina
an estimated 800 900 tons OF meat
plus cereals and other items.
Three-way United Ssates-Brit-
ish- Argentine trade has been
practically impossible since ls47.
when the British blocked pound
convertibiiity. Blocking the pound
meant Argentina could not ex-
change pounds she earned by sell
ing 70 Britain for dollars TO psir-
chase from the United States.
Britain has maintained that the
pact with Argentina Is vital 10
British recovery. Washington dis
patches have described the issue
a. the most serious yet In Amer
lean relations with any European
under the Marshall plan.
but top United States csneiais said
there Was no question OF cutting
Oh Marshall Plan aid 10 Britain.
The treaty was drafted during
four months OF negotiations. The
United States objections we're
lses ARGENTINA, Pase A-e) /
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
FS6G f1I0S, rage A-fI
1000 jap POWs Freed
BY Reds, First in Months
" IRE Assoeiossd Press

MAIZURU, Japan. June IT.
Two thousand cheering japanese
returned today after nearly four
years as Russian war prisoners.
They were the first to arrive since
the Soviets suspended repatriation
last winter.
Gen. Macarthur has been press
ing Russia to resume the return
Of the Japanese. He said 408. 900
were neld. The Russians reported
they had 95 900.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27

been a Communist or had connec-
tons with the Communist party.
He denied he had ever worked with
the party. ever supported or in
dorsed it's aims, or ever partici-
pated in its activities. He denied
being acquainted with certain
well-known Communists.
The trial was marked by testi-
mony that at least one Of two
strikes at the Allis- Chalmers plant,
where Christoffel was local presi-
dent, were brought about for po-
litical reasons.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
Prosecution Hits
At Apartment and
Auto Gift Stories
By kewboId koyes, Jr.,
and Robert K. Welsh
Sior StoH cosrs,pendenn

NEW YORK, June 27.-Cross-
examination of Alger Hiss at his
perjury trial began today with the
prosecution asking why Mr.. Hiss,
as a lawyer, sub-leased his Wash
ington apartment to Whitaker
Chambers in 1885 without making
specific provision for rent.
The 44-year-old former State
Department officer also was asked
why he apparently gave an old
Ford roadster to Mr.. Chambers at
that time in such a way that he
himself might have been liable
for any damages in case of acct
dent to the car.
Before Mr.. Hiss had gone far in
answering Government questions,
his counsel disclosed that Mrs.
Priscilla Hiss. his wife, would take
the stand before the defense closes
its~case. possibly this week.
Direct examination ended dra-
matically shortly before noon
when Defense Attorney Lloyd Paul
Stryker asked the defendant:
In truth and in fact are you
not guilty."
Il am not guilty" Mr.. Hiss de-
clared slowly and solemnly.
Describes "Grueling" Quiz.
Before he finished his direct tes-
timony, Mr.. Hiss had described
the "grueling conditions" under
which he was made to testify last
August before the House Commit
tee on Un-American Activities. He
called the investigation a dis
tracing bedlam."
Mr.. Hiss is charged with having
falsely testified to a Federal grand
jury here last December that he
never gave Government secrets to
Mr.. Chambers, former Communist
courier. and never saw him from
1885 to last summer. Mr.. Cham
bers, former senior editor Of Time
Magazine. asserted he saw Mr.
Hiss as late as April /. 1888. and
received numerous confidential
State Department papers for
transmission to Soviet spies.
Assistant United States Attor-
ney Thomas F. Murphy began the
crucial cross-examination in the
same deliberate pains-taking man
ner that has marked much Of his
courtroom method since the trial
started May 81.
He asked Mr.. Hiss. to whom he
referred as Mr.. Witness" to re-
trace in the greatest detail pos
sible the exact number OF times
he said he saw and talked with
Mr.. Chambers between December.
1884. or January. 1895. and May
or June. 1886.
Takes Up Apartment Story.
Mr.. Hiss had related under d.
rect examination last Friday that
he knew MI. Chambers during
those approximately Is months
only as George Crosby" He de-
scribed "Crosley" as a free-lance
writer who obtained small loans
from him and never reimbursed
him or paid rent for living for
about six weeks in a Twenty
eighth street Washington apart
ment vacated by the Hiss family
In the spring of 1885.
Waving a small sheet OF note
paper. Mr.. Murphy said that he
had compiled the number Of times
Mr.. Hiss said he saw Mr.. Cham
bers and that the total was about
16. Mr.. Hiss said that the total
would be closer to 10 or IL. so far
as he recalled. He explained the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
London Bobby Who Set
EIGHT Fires Gets 5 Years

LONDON. June 27.-A 23-year-
old London policeman who ad-
mitted setting eight fires In
London's East End because he
hated Jews was sentenced today
to five years in prison.
The young bobby, Clifford Alex
snder Weallans. testified he sci
the fires because he served in
British forces In Palestine during
the days Of Jewish terrorism
and IT hated the jews"
ALI the places set afire were
owned BY Jews.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-06-27
ParIeys
On Germany Revived
As Rail Strike Ends
MiIitory Governors
Deputies to Meet First
Time in Over Yeor
~ .he Assoeiossd Press

BERLIN, June 27.-The Allies
announced today that four power
talks on Germany will be revived
tomorrow afternoon. The Ave
week-long rail strike which has
imposed a virtual second blockade
on Berlin is scheduled to end In
the morning.
The meeting Of the four deputy
military governors will be held in
the Allied Control Authority build
ing. virtually deserted for a year
The deputies used to be called a
co-ordinating committee and did
the spadework for their superiors.
the military governors.
They last met on March II,
1913. Their new conference was
called to carry out the will Of the
Big -Four foreign ministers. who
decided at Paris week ago today
that four power talks should be
begun to forge at least q way OF
life" for Germany and Berlin.
even though major disagreements
on policy In the divided city and
nation still exist.
Trade Alse 10 BE Topic.
Informed sources said tomor-
rows agenda probably would In
clude the trade situation and
transport conditions. Trade in
Soviet occupied Eastern Germany
is saggine. In Western occupied
zones 1t is booming.
The Executive Board Of the
anti Communist Railway Union
tUGO) bowed TO the orders OF
the Western Allies yesterday and
ordered members back TO work
on the Soviet-controlled railways
at that time.
The British, American and
French commanders In Berlin had
warned that II the strike we're not
called OF by tomorrow. the West
Berlin city government would stop
relief payments to the strikers.
They said the strike could no
longer be justified because 1t was
seriously damaging Berlin eco
nomically. was blocking the Paris
four power agreements to revive
East West trade. and was laying
. big burden en- the Western
powers In maintaining the airiift.
Strikers won two OF their three
major demands.
All salaries viii be paid In West
marks. Since this currency has
q purchasing power tour 70 SIX
(Ses BERLIN, Page A-6.I