davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02
Plenty Of Cars In c zechoslovakia

There's no trouble in buying car in .Czechosla
vakia, where theautomobile industry has been ma.
tonalized and like practically all other enterprises
is run by the state All you have to do is walk
into an agency and PUNK down the money.
The only catch is the price The available car
a two door sedan, mosts more than 415OO0 crowns
which is about $4,000. The sum represents 80
months Of the average workers pay! The car, ac-
cording to an AP dispatch, is considerably small
er than the 1888 Chevrolet" If you have a ration
permit proving your need for car, other than a
desire to own one, you can get it for about $4,000
That is an excellent example of how regimented
economies which have abolished all competition
and all free enterprise produce goods for the
people There is no need to improve quality or re-
duce prices-the customer takes what the govern
ment offers him or does without Absolute mono
poly prevails Only the 'elite'' clar or office hold
has sufficient income political pull to live
beyond subsistence level
In this country, by contrast, every producer
must face The competition of many other producers
every one of which is out to get more business
This can only be done by pleasing the customer
On the retail level regardless of the kind of goods
involved the competition is particularly intense.
intense, with every merchant and dealer looking
| for new ways to bring the customers in. We get
better goods, and more varied selection We get
i them at price which competition holds to the
lowest possible level And those goods are within
the reach of the millions, not Of just the few.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02
Destroying The Highways

Every motorist has personally seen the damage
done TO our highways by heavy commercial We
hlcles.r lie has also personally paid part Of the
bill for maintenance and repairs through higher
taxes than would have otherwise. been necessary
Thomas H. Macdonald, Commissioner of Public
Roads, recently said, eff we accept the principle
that highways are provided to serve the publics
interest as whole, it reasonably follows that the
cost of building and maintaining them must be
held at the level of true economy. This involves the
limitation of axle and wheel loads to those for
which the highways designed The highway
user . does not wish to pay for new highways
to replace those destroyed by excessively heavy
loads The heavy truck operator is, or should
held accountable for whatever damage these
trucks do :"
What makes this particularly important is the
tendency of states to legaze heavier and heavier
axle loads Mr.. Macdonald, who is one Of the
foremost experts on the subject is convinced that
axle loads in excess of $4,000 pounds should never
be authorized Yet there has been an alarming
increase in the number Of vehicles in use with
heavier loads, ranging up to the terrific figure of
20 900 pounds. You don't need an engineer to ex-
plain to you what carriers of that weight do when
they pound over our roads
There has been remarkable growth in the
number and size of commercial trucks using public
highways. Measures which will protect the roads
from excessive deterioration under such traffic
must be adopted TO protect all taxpayers from even
heavier levies for the highway funds.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02
PARALYSIS"
BY GEORGE S. BENSON
President OF Harding College
SECRECY. Arkons1s

On MARCH IA, at the direction
pf one man, our nations coal pro-
auction was choked off. More than
100000 coal miners were asked to
leave their jobs for two weeks to
be followed by $1,000 railway en-
ployees whose jobs depended upon
transporting coal.
The cause for this paralysis to
L large section of our economy
was not !. any grievance about
working conditions, pay, pensions,
DR. vacations. 1t appears, however,
to result from personal dislike of
ene man for another. In response
to the presidents appointment
IF Dr.. James Boyd as director Of
The US. Bureau of Mines, John
L. Lewis ordered his United Mine
Workers on a two-weeks layoff.
Excessive WITHIN his field,
Power? N. John L. Lewis pos
/ sesses the nearest ap-
proach to dictatorial powers Of
anyone to appear on the American
scene. He has defied presidents
md congresses, crippled produc-
ion in the face of economic crises,
and flouted the war effort by
strikes in wartime. By directly
controlling the output Of a basic
Industry, he holds power to
Itrangle our entire economy with
! prolonged strike.
With this spite" strike Lewis
has encroached upon two basic
fundamentals Of our democratic
progress: ~ The right Of gov
eminent to make appointments
'ree of pressure, and (2) Freedom
% work. This action presents a
real danger signal to the Ameri-
IAN public. 1t shows what can
happen when irresponsible leader
hip Of a great body of influence
= American labor 49, goes on a
.ampage. The implications are
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

ground floor shops. What would have happened
II the gods of fortune had looked the other way,
IS easily nlagined-there might have been an
other tragedy comparable to the Illinois hospital
fire, and the Chicago and Atlanta hotel
catastrophes.
Do we want to take chance on luck being
with us? Do we want to work on the theory that
maybe We'll escape unscathed if fire strikes?
That is what millions of us do, and sometimes
it works but when it doesn't work, people die
horribly
We can't prevent every fire, but the experts
say prevent the great majority Of them.
On the part of the community here must be
modern, W(il-enforced building codes, inspections
etc. On the part of the individual, there must
be care with such obvious causes of fire as
smoking materials, heating plants and cleo
Hrical equipment. Then we won't be arustine
,blindiy to luck
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02
Economic High|ights
ON

Al time when many people talk almost glibly
Of the possibility of third world war, it is wise
to attempt to assess the cost of the last conflict
Nothing resembling exact accounting can be
made--there are too many imponderables and in
tangibles, which permit of only an informed guess.
One of the most thoughtful efforts to arrive at the
cost Of World War ii appears in Harpers Maga-
zine for April. 1t is written by G. Hartley Grattan
who has long been student Of the economic i'm
plications of war.
Mr.. Grattan concludes that about 100000
members of armed forces lost their lives The last
war was unique in that civilians suffered heavier
mortality than did men in uniform. The casualties
from bombing; the planned determination of whole
categores of civilians; the terrible death rate
among slave laborers; the losses in underground
Observation-Disclosures and other causes probably were
'reponsiblc for 100000 deaths. Thus the total
human cost Of the 4O0O0,050.
oAtotal the material cost brings the analyst to
extremely difficult ground. The most obvious and
easily unearthed cost is the money actually spent
Tor military purposes by victor and vanqulshed.
This IS recorded in national budgets. 1t came to-
more than trilion dollars-$1 Ill 000,O 900 600.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02
Shall We Trust To Luck?

Americas fire waste has long been a national
disgrace. Yet, some respects, we're great deal
luckier than deserve to be- Many a fire has
all the eaImarks of major diSaster-but
through a combination of happy circumstances
is held in check. .I
To take typical Example, such blaze
recently started in the small hours of the morn
ing in 5O-year old building in Portland, Oregon
The upper floors of the structure had been made
NIto small apartnente most OF which were
occupied by elderly people, But Luck was with
these potential victims. Due to the prompt
sounding OF the alarm and the fine efficiency OF
th fire department. all of the residents were
evacuated without serious injury, and tn
property damage was pretty much limited
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

Here's cool young miss maxim,
herself a refreshing summertime
lrink-a delectable chocolate mill
hake-every bit as expertly as hel
mother could do. Dolly looks as il
he'd like to have sip too. Thu
Loung fry will all 60 to town Will
his new number that's SO simple K
Use.
It's a new sweet cocoa mix, and
peaking of numbers, this is resll;
our in one, for the mix has foul
hferent uses. It's not. only excel.
emit for preparing milk shakes and
lot cocoa quick as flash; it's also
IS simple as 1928 to make a ouich
ludge, a cake frosting, or a ricl
;hocolate-y sauce with this versa
lie number. Wonderful? Yes. in.
Iced! Wait till mother tries on,
several uses herself; then it wont
be long before the youngsters arr
farming out their own summeI
)rinks and sweets.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

series of books came to me as a result of my exr
periences as a newspaper reporter editor and
research worker The lack of convenient, period
zeal source Of reference current facts and
figures about the American Nego seemed to me
to be grave handicap to efficient newspaper
work or research relatink to contemporary
America The aim of The Negro Handbook is an
attempt 20 fill this need& to present current, fac
tual information in concise and handy medium
and in so doing to depict the status of the Negro
people in american life at biennial intervals. In
presenting the information set forth in these
pages, the editor has made no effort to evaluate
or analyze the data in terms of sociological or
economic signifcance''
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

alarming. If any one individual
were powerful enough to dictate
governmental appointments with
threats of strikes, a new era Of
demagogues would indeed be at
hand. Such power would be po-
tentially disastrous.
Protect THE WEAPON Of in
Workers discriminate strikes
is one which labor
leaders alone control. Neither
government nor management pos
sess such a power. The rank.
and file of labor, too because Of
their organization, are subject to
the orders Of those leaders. Many
labor leaders recognize this situa-
ton and act in q farsighted man.
ner. However, the selfish actions
Of any one leader casts unfavor-
able reflections on the whole
movement.
No more loyal group Of Ameri-
can citizens exists than the miners
themselves. It is sad irony these
people should suffer the brunt of
the strike. According to the AS
ISOLATED Press, they will lose
about $68 million in wages during
the two weeks layoff. This means
$68 million in food, clothing, and
other essentials must be forfeited
to the whims of one leader who
was elected by workers to safe
guard their interests.
This points up sharply the need
for adequate labor legislation.
Without violating the rights Of |
labor, we must draw clearly the |
line where those rights end and
national responsibility begins. The
average worker has everything to /,
gain in such legislation. Labor
must be accorded complete pro.
lection from responsibility -
found within its own leadership,
or elsewhere. I'M
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

Next must arrive at the cost of the physical
damage hich was done during the long course of
the conflict. Factories; power plants, transporta-
ton systems and whole Industrial regions were
RACED wholesale scale. Both sides concentrate
ed on attacking dwelling areas-people who have
no place to live especially in severe weather. are
Of small value as workers. MI. Grattan arrives at
the figure Of $2,234 (over trillion) to
cover the cost of DIRECT destruction.
But this is not all. There is another economic
cost which is the most difficult yet to- estimate.
That cost is found in the depletion of natural re-
sources, the disorganization of economic systems
the value of labor and material seized and carted
off by invaders, and on Mr.. Grattan places this
cost at $65T0OO,O0O0O0 Adding all the costs UP,
we have final, incredible figure of four trilliol
dollars And this, as he says leaves out the moral
cost Of war which is beyond statitics.
World War III was times as destructive IS
World War /. If World War III should come with
the atom bomb there is every reason to, believe
that the cost would be beyond calculation and civ
ilization wiped out. " tf Z
Here is why the best, minds in the world are
now devoted to the task of maintaining the peace.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

Publisher: The Macmillan Co., 60 Fifth Ave.,
New York, N.
Price: $500
Reviewer: William Henry Huff
"Florence Murray was born in Alexandria, Wiz
gnia, and received her early education at the ele-
mentary and high schools eff Washington, D. G.
She took her A. B. degree from Howard Unive1-
sity and hat attended various graduate courses at
Columbia University. After graduating from col
lege she aught mathematics at Virginia State
College for four years. From 1928 to 1882 she
worked as proofreader and clerk at the Howard
University Press and then began ceer in Journal
ism by writing for the Afro.American chain of
newspapers. in Washington, d. &c. In 1897 she
became city editor Of THE WASHINGTON TRl-
BUNE and in 1899 undertook years work in
research and writing on d. &c. Writer'S Project,
under the Works Progress Administration. While
assembling material for, and writing the hsrt
manuscript Of, 'The Negro HANDBOOK Miss Muir
raw Washington cores pondent for the CHI
CAGO DEFENDER and free lance writer for
other Negro newspapers.
Compiling the first manuscript of "The Negro
Handbook during 1899, Miss Murray prepared
a second for proposed publication in 1871 and al
third for publication in 1912 by Wendell Malliet
and Company In 1913 she granted Rosen-
valid Fellowship in Journalism in recognition of
her work in the editing of the 1912 issue of the
handbook. This grant enabled Miss Murray to-
complete the preparation Of 1914 edition which
was published BY Current Reference Publications.
A second issue of this edition was published BY
Current Books in 1917 The present issue by Mac
milan is to be published biennially, each edition
providing the latest authoritative information
available the American Negro
In the Foreword to NThe Negro Handbook,
1949' Miss Murray says: THE idea for such
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02
The Fight Will Go on

Many now believe that the proposed Columbia
Valley Authority has small chance of being ap-
proved by this Congress. Top state officials and
the great majority of Northwest newspapers have
region autonomy In addition, the enormous rate
been opposing it vigorously the sound
grounds that it would destroy local self-rule and
sorts against the massed forces of socialism, But
is causing many a headache in Congress.
If eva is pigeonholed, it will be a victory of
will probably have deficit next fiscal year,
those who still believe in free enterprise and
Our real campaign will cease, and will
term nate only when economical emancipation,
for TIE Negro-and minority groups-is the heart
fet desire CT EVERY AMERICAN citizen, end
of Federal spending, coupled with the fact that
not tha r. those who vote in favor of it, alone.
local Independence will make grave mistake if
they sit back complacently and consider the
eva. The whole weight of the government is
being organized to sell eva to the people, and
to sugarcoat the pill Government agencies
which. are opposed to the valley authorities will
be pushed to the center Of the stage again.
In an editorial condemning eva, the Salem,
Oregon, Capital Journal asked this question:
"Must tho Pacific Northwest sign away it's rights
and industries to super government which
would gradually dominate and control life and
Authority which is the basic pattern for the
other proposed authorities, is such a super-gov-
eminent. ~ all intents and purposes it IS the
government in its area and it takes precedence
over the Crates and cities and the local elected
government. Its policies are not subject to review
and appeal. Industry and agriculture do what it
wants Or get out The fact that it has been eff
hclently administered is beside he point Elec-
trio power is the ife of amy region in these
mechanical days, and when we permit an 'unre-
,gqlated, all-powerfu monopoly to control it. we
are asking for dictatorship.
The Capital Journal also said, "The American
Idea 81 individual enterprise and private pro-
perty IS lost to this grasping monster Of super
government What makes the situation all the
more dangerous is that liberty is DESTROYED q
gradually and so subtlely that many of us don't
even know what is going on This blissfu
Ignorance. this failure to look at first principles
Is the best friend socialism has. 49,:
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

Hayes Dawkins, native born American Negro
has to span the Atlantic to find how it feels to
be treated real man. He is a soldier in the
Occupation Army who, in Berlin, finds he can 60
where he likes, talk like man, feel Ike a man.
and love any woman.
Circumstances place in a post where he again
becomes a Negro, a second-class man, and the
shock is almost more than he can bear 1t is then
that he realizes why American Negroes would
rather stay in Germany than go back to the
States.
Born in 1927, William Gardner Smith was
only twenty when he finished LAST OF THE
CONQCERORS, his first novel. Born and
brought up in Philadelphia, he has been a
reporter for the Pittsburgh COURIER in that
city for give years. After spending a year in
Germany i'll the Army of Occupation he is at
present student at Temple University, where
he is continuing his writing and reporting
activities"
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

LAST OF THE cONQUERORS
Author: William Gardner Smith
Publisher: Farrar Straus and Company
Inc, So E. 34th ST., New York 1, NJ.
Price: $2.75
Reviewer: William Henry Huff
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02
In The World Of Literature
AReview Of Books - Fiction and
Non-Fiction By
WILLIAM HENRY huff

THE NEGRO HANDBOOK, 1e49
Author: Florence Murray
Publisher: The Macmillan Co., 60 Fifth Ave.
New York, NJ. Y
Price: $500
Reviewer: William Henry Huff
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

oREcroh First Permanent Spin Number BY ds number Il
full
the in which born EXAMPLE John Apr 70
1870 Add u for tho let The for April Che 9th month"; Il % M
g. is
and including sodoys some n.rh
but the final
Ieok
20" hove lucky number - r'""
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

O-cGus;on in all things
Unemployment gains
2-Gift of flowers
3-NeedIess suspicious
4-SueeessfuI partnership
5-Desire for perfection
6-Insenuity used
FUN in music
epesMssfie circle grows
eyovr ability increases
WSsxssr IN faith
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-07-02

22-Romuni:s ot:roetion ;
a 2. oSstzti. overcome,
z4-Affenfion 70 dsioiIs :.
zo-old association reeaIIs5
zo-friendly clIianes
U-Heolthy outlook
1o-Delesots authority
29-Lueky day. ohead
'o-Eneourose individuoIT
Skinner medical hsatms
'ssesa hss:yrss syndies
The Nome nugget., 1949-06-06
Doubtful Persons Employed In Atomic Work

WASHINGTON, (P) - Senator Hickenlooper R.-Iowa- said today that the man who drafts top se- cret atomic reports to Congress once was suspended because the FBI questioned his loyalty.
 When Hickenlooper tossed this at a Senate-House investigation of the atomic energy commission, AEC chairman David E. Lilien- thai demanded that the person in vOlved be summoned for testi- mony.
 Hickenlooper told his Congress Sional colleagues that the AEC employee had been hired origin ally under an emergency" secur-
 Continued on Page Seven)
The Nome nugget., 1949-06-06
WALRUS CLUB BALL IS HUGE SUCCESS

The Walrus Club big Gold Rush Ball held Saturday night in the Nome high school auditorium was a grand success.
 Everyone enjoyed dancing to the music of Bob Stringer, Hobo Jo, Roger Squire and Joe Carlton, who donated their music for the entire evening.
 Costumes of the era when Nome was young were the theme of the evening. Mrs. Reca Godsbe was chosen as the best dressed lady and MT. and Mrs. Wes Welsh were chosen as the best dressed couple.
 Cpl. Joseph Kleibert, of the Marks Air Force Base was award ed the twenty-seven gold nuggets, donated by MT. and Mrs. Harry GottSchalk.
The Nome nugget., 1949-06-06
Russia In Not
 Interested in Peace

NEW YORK, (A') - It. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith, former am bassador to Russia, says prime minister Stalin once told him:
 We do not want war any more than the west does, but we are less interested in peace than the West and therein lies the strength of our position"
 Smith told the chamber of com merce of the State of New York that "the Russian people have what they want politically"
 They have no real understand ing of democratic processes and the secret police is much more eff ficient than it ever was during the czariSt regime-or anywhere in the world"
 Smith, now commander of the first army, said any uprising against the present Soviet regime is unlikely.
The Nome nugget., 1949-06-06
Jud ge Orders Wit nesses To Appear In Bridges Trial

SAN FRANCISCO, (Py-Eleven witnesses who fought to avoid ap- bearing before the federal grand jury which indicted Harry Brid- ges have been ordered to show up today.
 Federal Judge Michael J. Roche Friday upheld the validity of the subpoenaes, after a day of legal argument in which attorney Her bert ReSner contended his clients had been subpoenaed illegally. He said they do not intend to "assist the government in framing Harry Bridges"
 Australian-bOrn Bridges, head of the CIO lOngshoremen and leading force in West Coast water
 Continued on Page Three)
The Nome nugget., 1949-06-06
Hawaii Has Passed Acid Test For Statehood"

CEDAR RAPIDS, Ia. (P)-The president of the Hawaiian Terri torial Senate says that Hawaii has more than passed the acid test of statehood, economically, socially and politically
 Senator Wilfred C. Tsukiyama told the annual alumni banquet of Cot college that the United States has never been ''so closely on the verge of admitting a 18th State" as it is now.
 He said the 81st Congress should pass the statehood bill now before it "os that Hawaii can emerge from its nebulous status as a gov ernment orphan and take its place in the constellation of States"
 The original concept of a Ter ritory, Tsukiyama said, was that it was "an ephemeral form solely designed to prepare a Territory for statehood.
 Hawaii has been on probation
 Continued on Page Three)
The Nome nugget., 1949-06-06
Judge Jails Three In ''Red" Trial

NEW YORK, (P) - Jailing of three defendants in the communist conspiracy trial has produced sharp protests in some quarters.
 Henry Wallace called the action shocking" and a threat to Amer ican political liberties.
 The American labor party said that federal judge Harold R. Me dina, in revoking bail of the three men Friday, was guilty of judi cial tyranny and gross abuse of power"
 The Civil Rights Congress, a group called subsersive by attor- ney general Tom Clark, termed the ruling an attempt to com pletely stynie the defense" The congress planned protest dem onstration today.
 Those jailed-three of II com munist leaders on trial for con- spring to advocate the forcible overthrow of the government are:
 John Gates, editor of the Com munist Daily Worker; Gus Hall, Ohio state chairman of the party, and Henry Winston, organization al secretary of the party.
 Gates was ordered jailed after he refused to answer a question that would have reuired him to name party members not on trial. The others were remanded to jail when they protested.
The Nome nugget., 1949-06-06
Huge Crowd Sees Nimbus Cop The Epsom Derby

EPSOM, England. (P)-Nimbus won the L7Oth running of the Ep- som Derby Saturday in a photo finish with two other horses.
 The French invader, Amour Drake, was second while Swallow Tail was third in the mile and one half classic.
 Nimbus, owned by Mrs. M. Glenisteg and ridden by Charlie Elliott, thus took down a record first money of S56,680.
 It was another bitter disappoint- ment for Gordon Richards, cham pion British jockey who never has won the coveted derby.
 He was aboard the favored Royal Forest in a field of 32 three year-olds.
 Amour Drake, owned by Leon
 Continued on Page Three)