davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Navy Chief Fatally Shot
On Guam; Wife Is Held
BY ths Asseeiosed Press

By the ASsoeidfed PFos3
The Navy disclosed today that
Joseph Hanzsek of Bethlehem.
Pa, a chief machinist stationed
at Apra, Guam, was fatally shot
in the head and chest yesterday
at his quarters.
Guam police are holding his
wife, Mrs. Elisa Hanzsek. for
questioning, the Navy said. 1t
added that the two Hanzsek chill
dren, Dennis, 8, and Albert. Z, are
temporarily in the care of friends.
The Navy reported police said q
.22-caliber automatic pistol was
used In the shooting.
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Three Await Sentence
In $3.50 Robbery Of
Pharmacy Proprietor

A man. a youth and a girl COM
panion are awaiting sentence In
District Court for robbing Colum-
bus w. Henry. 81. proprietor OF
the Congress Heights Pharmacy,
in the 3100 block OF Nichols ave-
nue. Sc, Of $3.50 on December is
The youth. Jan c. Gibbs, 18. OF
the 3700 block of Randall place
Sc, pleaded guilty just after the
trial started on Wednesday.
The other two, Corpl. Eugene
E. Kniskern. %. of Boiling All
Force Base, and Miss Nadine Var
Gorter, 10, Of the 900 block OF
Alabama avenue Sc, were con-
victed yesterday by a jury. The
case was referred to the proba.
ton officer for investigation, pend.
ing sentence.
Also involved in the robbery
was the 15-year-old bride Of
Kniskern. She was held for &C.
ton of the juvenile authorities
Meanwhile, her father, a retired
policeman, has brought a suit
seeking annulment of his daugh.
ter's marriage.
The druggist was forced, at pis-
tol point. to turn the money over
to Gibbs. Then Mr.. Henry wa.
forced to get into his own auto.
mobile with Gibbs and was driven
into Maryland. The other three
followed in another automobile
Later Gibbs and the druggist re-
turned to the District, where Gibbs
got out. Mr.. Henry then drove
home and reported the robbery
to police.
The case was prosecuted by As
sistant United States Attorney
Richard M. Roberts.
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Boykin 10 Seek
Approval for
Sesqui Building,
Preliminary Plans
Are Submitted to
Fine Arts Group

The Sesquicentennial Commits
sion has developed its plans for
Washington's 1850 celebration to
the point where Commissioner E.
r. Boykin is preparing to get au-
thorization from Congress for sew
eral exposition buildings.
Col. Boykin submitted prelimi-
nary designs Of some buildings for
approval of the Fine Arts Com
mission yesterday. That group,
however, did not disclose its atti-
tude on the plans.
Approval at the meeting was
given to the designs of several
utility buildings and residences
for the National Arboretum in
Northeast Washington. The build
ings to be erected include a large
greenhouse, residences for officials,
storage buildings and garages.
Brig. Gen. Thomas North. Sec
retary of the American Battle
Monuments Commission, submit
ted plans and models for three
World War II memorials in Eu-
rope.
One will mark the now historic
site of Omaha Beach, beachhead
of the Normandy invasion. The
World War I chapel at Suresnes,
outside Paris, will be enlarged to
combine a chapel for the dead of
World War II. Another cemetery
design was submitted, for con-
struction at st. Avoid, France.
The commission approved a de-
sign for the new Hebrew Academy
to be erected at Sixteenth street
and Fort Drive. Approval was
sought by the architects. Murphy
and Locraft, because the building
is next to Rock Creek Park.
The Mellon Memorial Fountain
site also was approved by the Fine
Arts members. 1t is a triangle at
the intersection of Pennsylvania
and Constitution avenues NV.
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Tax Return Aid Offered

Two United States deputy COL
lectors of internal revenue from
the Treasury Department will be
in the Office of Fairfax Commis-
sioner of Revenue John K. Fergu-
son Monday and Tuesday from
$3.50 am. to. 4:30 pm. to assist
county taxpayers in filing Federal
income tax returns.
Evening star., 1949-02-12
D. G. Reservists Leove
On Puerto Rico Cruise

Sixty District area naval Re-
servists left the Naval Gun Fac
tory today aboard a patrol craft
for a two-week training cruise in
Southern waters.
The vessel is commanded by 1t
Comdr. r. F. Harbold Of Annapolis
Md. The Reservists will have lib
erty In San Juan. Puerto Rico.
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Brotherhood Program
Planned in GreenbeIt

Roy McCorkel of the American
Friends Service Committee will
speak at Brotherhood Week pro-
gram of the Greenbelt Community
Church at 1880 pm. tomorrow.
Also on the program will be a
moving picture and talk on
Lincoln and Brotherhood" by
Eric T. Braupd. church pastor.
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Realtors Back
'Con1pron1iiseon
Public Housinu
Flexible PIon Urged
By Senator Douglas
To Protect Builders
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

A compromise proposal on the
administrations disputed public
housing program. put forward by
a Democratic Senator. had the
backing today Of q building in.
dustry representative.
Freshman Senator Douglas, Dem
ocrat, Of Illinois, a supporter of
the administration plan. suggested
yesterday that Government con-
struction Of low rent housing
might be cut to $4,000 units a year
in good times and raised to 300. 900
when times are slack, to avoid
hurting private builders.
Robert P. Gerholtz, former pres
ident Of the National Association Of
Home Builders. promptly respond
ed: Wed be glad to have that"
Mr.. Gerholtz, representing the
National Association Of Real Estate
Boards, testified at Senate Bank
ing Subcommittee hearings In op.
position to the administration bill.
Issue Debated;
That measure, calling for 49,
100000 new dwellings in the next
10 years, would authorize the Gov
ernment to put up 100000 to ESQ.,
900 low-income units in each Of
the next seven years.
Mr.. Douglas offered his com.
promise after engaging, along with
Senator Sparkman, Democrat, of
Alabama, in a lengthy and sharp
exchange with Mr.. Gerholtz and
another spokesman for the real
estate association.
Mr.. Gerholtz, who comes from
Flint, Mich, declared the SUBJ
sidized housing plan would put the
Government in competition with
private builders-who, he said, are
now shifting to the moderate and
low-priced housing field.
The administration program, he
added, would cause competition
for scarce labor. scarce materials
and other difficulties just at a
time when the housing shortage
is being solved.
No Competition Seen.
Senator Sparkman, presiding at
the hearing, broke in. Private in
dustry. he said. has admitted it
cannot afford to build housing for
the low-income families. He said
the Government-subsidized prof.
ects therefore would not compete
with individual builders.
At yesterdays Senate hearing,
Mr.. Gerholtz and Calvin K. Sny-
der, the other real estate spokes.
man. claimed that many high
income families now occupy public
housing intended for low-incoms
groups.
Mr.. Gerholtz said he knew of q
professional football team which
was housed in one such project.
The Bureau Of Labor Statistics
that building activity
throughout the Nation slumped 9
per cent during January. although
it was still 8 per cent above the
January, 1948, figure.
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Tall Cedurs Entertain
Master Musons TONIGHT

Capitol Forest No. 104, Tall
Cedars of Lebanon, will play host
to the Master Masons of the Dis
trict area at the annual Blue
Lodge Night" at 8 o'clock tonight
in the Northeast Masonic Temple,
523 Eighth street NE.
c. Maurice De Lauder, Tall
Cedar District representative from
Hagerstown, Md, will give a brief
talk on "Cedarisrn" according to
Grand Tall Cedar Larry L. We'd
ding. Past Grand Tall Cedar
James G. Reece will also address
the group.
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Howard Dean Accuses
Woman of S|under in Suit

DR.. Joseph L. johnson, dean OF
the School of Medicine at Howard
University, yesterday brought a
$4,000 damage suit in District
Court charging SANDER against q
woman whom he accuses Of falsely
calling him a Communist in the
presence of others.
The suit names as defendant,
Mrs. Thomasina w. johnson, 400
block of Irving street NV. DR..
johnson and the defendant are
not related. it was said at the Office
of his counsel.
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Virginia Grand Lodge
Elects A. D. Smith, Jr.
" the Assocjcted Praxs

RICHMOND. Va. Feb. ia
Douglas Smith, jr., Richmond
real estate man, is the new grand
master of the Grand Lodge OF
Virginia, Ancient Free and Ac-
cepted Masonry.
He was elected at the closing
session of the Grand Lodges 171st
annual meeting here Thursday
Other officers include Judge Hugh
Reid, Arlington, grand Junior dea-
con, and DR.. r. Sumter Griffith,
Waynesboro, grand senior steward
Evening star., 1949-02-12
,Friiskiing' Bill
Passes Senate
In Maryland
Action Completed
After Five Counties
Are Exempted
BY the Assoeioted Press

ANNAPOLIS, Md, Feb. H.
The Maryland Senate was rid oi
at least one explosive item to-
day-the bill to allow police "frisk.
ing" without warrant.
The bill would amend the Bouse
Search and Seizure Act. Spe-
cifically, it would allow introduc-
ton into evidence of concealed
weapons found during an other
wise illegal search.
After a long debate Monday
night the bill was amended to ex-
empt Talbot. Allegany, Frederick
Calvert and st. Marys Counties.
Without many objectors. the
measure was passed and sent to
the House.
Few other bills were enacted as
the General Assembly closed the
sixth week of it's current session
But there were indications of fu-
ture agitation.
Two Hearings Next Week.
At least two potentially stormy
committee hearings are on next
weeks schedule.
DR.. H. c. Byrd, president of the
University of Maryland, is slated
to explain the institutions budget
to members Of the House Ways
and Means Committee Wednes-
day.
Dry forces are expected to turn
out in large numbers Tuesday for
a hearing on a bill to close all
taverns of the State on Sundays.
University of Maryland finances
became a House floor topic yes
terday when Delegate Tawney,
Democrat, of Baltimore said he
had been told the university had
submitted a 184-page budget to
the Board of Public Works.
But where is it now?" he
queried. I'VE are supposed to
pass on the budget-why don't
we have it?"
Member Given Copy.
Mr.. Tawney said he knew of
one member of the House who was
given a copy of the detailed
budget, but on condition it would
not be made public.
The proposed University OF
Maryland expenditures are shown
In a very general form in the
Governors budget bill. 1t covers
but three pages.
Mr.. Tawney said he felt the de-
tailed budget should be released by
the Board of Public Works Tor
public discussion.
A bill by Delegate Whitworth,
Republican, of Allegany County to
REQUIRE the university to submit
detailed budgets will be considered
at Wednesdays Ways and Means
Committee meeting.
Mr.. Tawney contended that, in
view of the report he said had been
submitted by the university, the
bill was superf1uous. s
"It's available to some people"
he said. "Why don't we get it?"
Committee Chairman Leroy
Pumphery, Democrat, Of Prince
Georges County said his group
would question DR.. Byrd about the
matter
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Avonda|e Man, Found
Unconscious in Car, Dies

A man identified as Max Powell!
40, of Avondale. Md. was pro-
nounced dead by a Health De-
partment ambulance doctor early
today after he was found uncon-
scious in the rear seat of his car.
The car was parked in the 500
block of Morse street NE. Identi-
fication of the man was made
through papers in his coat.
Homicide squad detectives said
death apparently was due to nat
ural causes.
Evening star., 1949-02-12
Husband Dies Of Burns
In Fire That Killed Wife

A rooming house fire which
caused the death Of a 23-year-old
woman two weeks ago proved fatal
to her husband today.
Fred Eichel, 35, died at Casualty
Hospital early today of burns suf-
fered January Is when fire swept
the rooming house in which he
lived at 200 e street NV. Three
other persons were slightly hurt
in the blaze.
Mrs. Eichel died the day after
the fire.
Evening star., 1949-02-08
What Are Bull and Bear
Markets.?

Sometimes great many people will
decide more or less at the same time,
perhaps just on the basis of the general
business outlook, that it is good idea
to buy stoeks-all kinds of stocks. Such
general buying action raises the average
price of all stocks. If the price rise is
big enough and lasts long enough, we
have what is called bull market.
A bear market is just the opposite.
The average price of all stocks drops
because of widespread selling. To be
bullish or bearish simply means to be-
lieve that stocks are going up OF down.
Incidentally, it is simple business
to keep track of whether the market as
a whole is moving up OF down, because
almost every major newspaper in the
country publishes daily the average
price of some group of key stocks and
reports whether that average is moving
up OF down. The Dow Jones Averages
are the best known of these indexes.
Evening star., 1949-02-08
|Ho,u to Buy and Sell Securities

or Is shares at time. These are called
odd lots.
Suppose Smith wanted to buy only
10 shares of Typical. When we get
that order we would fill it through an
odd.lot dealer whose business it is to
buy or sell in less than 100.share units.
Such odd-lot dealers do business only
with other brokers on the Stock Ex.
change floor, not with the public.
For rendering their service they
charge one-eighth of a point OF 1211e
for every share of stock that they buy
or sell to fill odd-lot orders for the Gus.
toners of other brokers.
Apart from that extra eighth. odd-lot
dealers don't charge any more for the
stock that they sell than the price
prevailing in the general market. On .
lo-share order for Typical, Smith
would pay that price which prevailed
on the next ,oand-lot sale after our
broker gives Smiths order to the odd.
lot dealer. Suppose the next sale was
at IS. Smith would pay IS per share,
plus Is for the odd-lot dealer. OF 25h.
If Smith were selling the stock, he
would sell at IS, less 1s for the odd.lot
dealer, or 24H.
Evening star., 1949-02-08
When Should You Buy or
Sell Stocks?

Deciding when to buy OF sell is often
just as important as deciding what to
buy or sell. This matter of timing is
particularly important to the specu.
lator.
But first, what is a speculator? And
what useful purpose does he serve?
A speoulator is man who buys Sc
curities, expecting the price to rise so
that he will make profit on his pur-
chase, usually in short period of time.
Or he may sell securities expecting the
price to drop. The important point is
that he doesn't buy securities as invest
ments - for the sake of the dividends
that they pay.
The speculator performs a valuable
service in the stock market because he
is willing to take risks - and risk, the
risk of a sudden price change, is an
inevitable part of any free market,
whether it be market for securities
or foodstufs OF any other commodity.
Suppose you own stock in Typical
Manufacturing, and suppose you want
to sell that stock because you think the
earnings outlook is bad. You might
not be able to sell at anything like a
fair price if it were not for speeu-
lator and his willingness to assume the
risk that you want to dispose of.
But no one should speculate unless
be can afford to take risks. We've said
that repeatedly in public advertisements
and in counseling our customers.
Nevertheless we are realistic enough
to recognize the fact that there's enough
Evening star., 1949-02-08

A little while ago we were talk
ing with the editor of a big na.
tional magazine, a well-informed
man. He said that he had never
done business with a broker be-
cause he was afraid he wouldn't
understand the lingo they talk"
Since we are brokers, you can
imagine that was something of a
shock ). made us think.
The financial business does use
a lot of specialized words, but
there really isn't anything compli-
Gated or mysterious about what
those words mean. Because we've
used them so long and so fire.
quently, we've just assumed that
everybody understood them.
That has been our mistake. And
q big mistake. For if people don't
understand what stocks add bonds
are, they aren't likely to invest
their money in them.
so WHAT" you ask. Well,
here's what.
If people do not invest their
funds in securities, American busi-
ness and American government
will not have the capital they need
for growth - for new products,
new plants, new jobs. That capital
can come from just one place:
People. Not just few people
with great fortunes - there aren't
many of them any more-but from
millions Of people.
Evening star., 1949-02-08
What Does 1t Cost to Buy
or Sell Stocks?

All transactions on the Stock Ex.
change are handled by member firms
at reasonable commissions. The rates
vary with the size of the order. being
a little less Proportionally on big Of
ders than on small ones. AT the present
time, however, commissions on stock
transactions average only o.s5 Of 10.
On bonds the average commission is
even less.
New York State and the federal gov.
eminent also levy transfer taxes on
security sales or transfers, but these
involve only few pennies share.
When Smith gets our bill the next
day, it will state exactly what he bought.
what price was paid, what commission
is due, what postage or a tax, if any.
is incurred, and what total amount is
due. We do not make any charge for
special services, such as research or in-
formation or carrying an inactive &C.
count or safe-keeping of securities, etc.
After Smith pays his bill prob.
ably by check he can obtain his stock
certificate which shows that 50 many
shares of Typical Manufacturing Co.
have been registered in his name and
that he is entitled to all rights. priv.
leges, and dividends due stockholders
in that company. But Smith, like an
increasing number of our customers.
may nnd it more convenient to leave
the certificate in safe-keePing with US
That way he has protection against
losing the certificate, and it is right here
whenever the time comes that he wants
to sell the stock. He will thus be re.
lieved of the responsibility of personally
delivering it at such time.
Evening star., 1949-02-08

You can tell your broker just as
little OF IS much as you want to about
your money problems, but whatevss
you tell him will be held in strict con.
fdence.
Frankly, we hope you will want to
tell us enough so that we can help you
work out an investment program that
will best fit your needs.
Does that mean that vs sSiN tell
yoa bow to inpest yosr money? This
is point we want to make absolutely
clear. for it involves q fundamental
Merrill Lynch principle. Certainly.
we'll try to help you if you want US to
if you ask for our advice and coun.
sci. But we will not give you an45ksl
advice; we will not foist our opinions
or our recommendations upon you.
What you buy OF sell is your own busi.
ness. We don't want to be accused Of
trying to make up your mind for you.
This firm spends about q million
dollars year in preparing and distrib.
uting to investors factual information
about securities.
Well give you all the facts and
figures we have on any stock or bond
you are interested in. There'll be no
charge for them. We want you to have
them - before you buy and 4tte, you
buy. If you ask US, we'll even tell you
how we think those facts and figures
add up in terms Of your own invest.
ment needs.
But in the end, the decision is yoS,s.
That's what we mean when we say
"Investigate then Invest"
Evening star., 1949-02-08
What Are Stocks?

The stock of company represents
the ownership of that company. If you
own a share of stock in company -
let's call it the Typical Manufacturing
Company you own a piece of that
company "a part of its plant, its pro-
duetion, a part of everything in that
eompany. If the Typical Company has
d 900 shares of stock and you own 10
shares, you own one hundredth of the
company, or 10 of it.
Some companies have emily few
shares of stock and few owners. while
others - the big corporations like U. S.
Steel and General Motors have mill
lions of shares of stock and hundreds
Of thousands of stockholders or owners.
Evening star., 1949-02-08

customers because they accept oral Of.
ders to buy. or sell. You'll find it 4
relatively simple matter to establish
your reliability with broker and to
open an account.
Many potential investors haven't
bought stocks and bonds simply be-
cause they don't know how to 60 about
it. Some may have hesitated simply be.
cause they don't know broker. They
may even have thought of him as a
somewhat unapproaehable individual.
He isn't. You can walk into any broker
age office in America without leave.
Finally, a lot of people probably
have the idea that brokers only do
business with people who invest thou
sands or tens of thousands of dollars
at a time. Well, in our 90 Offices we're
proud to do business with people who
talk in hundreds of dollars as we'll as
people who deal in four and FIVE fig
ures. Last year, we found that 41ed of
our customers had incomes of less than
$4,000 a year. AT the other end Of the
scale were some who counted their in
come in hundreds of thousands. So you
see, regardless of how big a customer
you are, you'll always be welcome in
any Merrill Lynch office.
But not everybody should buy
stocks and bonds. We have consistent
ly said that nobody should invest in the
stock market unless he has savings suf-
fcient to meet an emergency. And he
should have insurance to protect his
family. Then if he has surplus funds,
be can probably invest them in stocks
OF bonds to his advantage.
Evening star., 1949-02-08
Ho,0 Do You Do Business
apith "a Broker?

stsSs1 rs DsO OnCss
Here is vyhat actually happens when
a customer l. let's call him Kenneth
Smith - oornes into our office, at 70
Pine Street ITO place an order for a hum
dred shares of Typical Manufacturing
Company.
Mr.. Smith goes directly to the desk of
the man wi % regularly handles his busi-
ness. Eve ll call him John Ross Ross
is registered with the New York Stock
Exchange, (which means that he is quail
fed as man of good character and has
passed an examination on the operation
of the securities business. He is an en-
ployee of ours, with the title in our firm
of account executive" He's man who
thoroughly knows his business.
Smith lnight ask Ross for informa-
ton about Typical Manufacturing from
our Securities Research Division, and
discuss tlae findings with him. But in
this insta nee Smith has already checked
on the company and knows that he
wants to !buy 100 shares of common
stock. So BE gets right down to business.
WHAT'S Typical selling at now?" he
asks.
IfTypil lcal Manufacturing were one of
the majdc companies, Smith wouldn't
have to t,sk, for he could look at the
big electric quotation board which au-
tomatically shows the price at which
the last 4 Frevious sale was made. Il also
shows the high and low prices for the
day andi the closing price on the pre-
ceding day. The quote board in our. 70
Pine Strict office provides that ,infor.
nation n 2o9 leading stocks, but Typi-
cal ism taamong them.
Sorry, don't know the quote, says
Ross, hut I'll let you know in a min.
ute. Ro IS knows he can get that quote
by quick phone call, and the account
executive es in any of our &c out-of-town
Offices d an give equally good service by
using the leased teletyPe wires that con.
meet diI eet to our New York head.
quarters.
While Smith waits, he looks at the
Trans lux screen on which the ticker
tape isl projected to see if any sales of
Typical are being reported right then.
When ia stock is sold on the Exchange
floor. Chat transaction is reported on
the tape. The price is shown and the
number of shares involved in the sale.
Becaua: there are so many transactions,
it is ne cessary to use kind of short
hand, .and the various stocks are re-
ferred ito by initials or combinations of
letters, such as c for Chrysler Corpora
ton, ZIP for Canadian Pacific, and
CGW ifor Chicago Great Western.
Typical is quoted at Is bid, 25A
asked'ii, says Ross in a minute or so.
By that he means that SIS a share is
the highest price that anyone is then
willing to pay for it and that s25.25 is
the lowest at which anyone is willing
to sell it.
"Shull I place your order at the mar
ket?" ihe asks. A marker order is one