davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-08-17
Upsetin Syriu

The recent pOltlcal upset IN syria SnOulQ
be evalulated not only for its local sig
nificance but also within larger frame
of reference which includes all the Arab
lands of the Middle East.
This second military coup detat within
six months demonstrates Syria's political
instability. Both were made by groups OF
Army officers, and both reveal disturbing
ability of military cliques to impose their
will with virtually no opposition. The
first coup threw up dynamic personality,
Husni ell Zaim, who quickly converted
himself into a dictator, Consciously or
instinctively, Zaim modelled himself on
Kemal Ataturk. the authoritarian trans
former of neighboring Turkey. His am
bilious program for Syria appears to have
been constructive in theory, The trouble
was that Zaim rode roughShod over
everybody and everything that stood in
his way. He thereby made many enemies,
including several of his former military
associates. This latter mistake provoked
an army conspiracy similar to his own,
and cost him his power and his life.
The question now is whether the vic
torious army group is prepared to return
to the path of constitutional legality and
genuinely hand over its extraordinary
powers to civilian authority responsible
to Parliament and the nation. Outwardly,
this is taking place. A civilian provisional
government has been formed, represent
ing all the regular political parties and
headed by highly respected parliament
tary figure who has formerly been both
Premier and President. Furthermore, elec-
tions are promised in the near future for
a special assembly charged with drafting
q new constitution under which a stable
popular government could be established.
These are hopeful signs. It may be that
the experiment of Zaim's irresponsible
dictatorship has been a lesson which will
be taken to heart by the army as well as
by the nation as whole. The test may
come if and when the new provisional
government attempts to secure itself from
pressure by any outside group. Another
indication will be whether the government
proceeds with constructive aspects of
Zain's program such as the reform Of
taxation, the fight against imitation, and
efforts to improve efficiency in the public
services.
For the world at large, the chief interest
in the new regime will be its foreign policy.
Zaim was friendly to the West. Despite
the rancor felt against the Western Powers,
particularly against the United States,
over the Palestine issue, Zaim reversed
the policy of previous governments which
had held up the construction OF oil pipe
lines across Syria, making agreements
with American, British and French oil
interests for the building of such lines
His known attitude in this and other
respects may have been one of the reasons
for Zaims quick recognition by the West
ern Powers. Whether, from the larger
aspect, such speedy recognition of dicta-
tors makes for international stability is
factor meriting serious consideration.
At any rate. zaim is gone, and Syria Il
Evening star., 1949-08-17
Considers Israel Fox Himself
To Blame for His Predicament

In the Thursday, August II, issue OF your
paper, a great deal was written about Israel
Fox dwelling in three-room frame house
in the northwest section Of the city.
I was particularly attracted to the facts
OF this case. He lived here 18 years. Each
year things seemingly were getting worse.
But it is recorded he, himself, is responsible
for nine children. He blames this condi-
ton on the fact that his "pappy' encouraged
him in coming here. but why did he con-
tinue to stay under these circumstances?
Was he burdened with depression" or
did he burden? If he did not love his wife
well enough to lift her burdens and spare
his children (and I'm thinking OF the three
room dwelling for four boys, five girls his
wife and himselD why blame an admins
tration? In fact, why blame anyone but
himself2 MRS. w. NJ E.
Evening star., 1949-08-17
The B-36 Inquiry

The first phase of the B-36 investigation
by the House Armed Services Committee
has ended in a clear-cut victory for the
Air Force and its civilian head, Secretary
Symington.
For all practical purposes, this first
phase of the inquiry found Mr.. Symington,
and not the B-36, on trial. The main
accusation was that Mr.. Symington, in
f1uenced by ulterior motives, had unduly
favored Floyd Odlum's Consolidated Vultee
Corporation in the award of contracts for
the huge intercontinental bomber One OF
the rumors advanced in support OF this
complaint was that Mr.. Odlum, in return
for present favors, had offered Mr..
Symington future position as president
of corporation which would be formed
to control the bulk of aircraft production
in the United States.
It may be doubted that any complaint
has collapsed more completely than this
one. When the showdown came the
principal spokesman for the compliments,
Representative Van Zandt, Republican, OF
Pennsylvania did not produce a particle
of evidence to support the charges. All
by a New York writer and an anonymous
letter whose authors still remain unidenti-
fed. BY contrast, the undisputed testi-
mony of Mr. Symington was that favor
itism never entered into consideration OF
the B-36 program, that every step taken
had the approval of James Forrestal and
his successor, Secretary of Defense john
son, and that the final decision to
concentrate on production of the B-36 at
the expense of some other types of air.
craft had the unanimous concurrence OF
a board of senior Air Force officers.
On this basis, the fair comment is that
the attack has been of the smear variety,
that it has been grossly unfair to MIR.
Symington and that it has been prejudicial
to the best interests of the country. Chair
man Vinson of the House Committee
should by all means bring the authors OF
the anonymous complaint out into the
open where every one can see who they
are and what they are.
The other question before the committee
and, actually, the more important one has
not yet been decided This is whether, on
balance, the decision to put so much
emphasis on the B-36 serves the best
security interests of the Nation.
Short of the test of war, there will not
be a final, authoritative answer to this
question. There is too much room for an
honest difference of expert opinion. But
there cannot be much dispute as to,certain
facts. One is that the decision was
reached, not capriciously, but after a
careful weighing of all of the conflicting
points of view. Another is that men like
General LeMay, upon whom the full weight
of responsibility would fall in event OF
war, and whose professional careers and
regulations are at stake, are unqualihed
in stating their conviction that the B-3o
is fully adequate to the mission which has
Evening star., 1949-08-17
Beyond ANY Law

It is not the fact that circuit Judge
Sherbow has struck down Marylands anti
subversive statute, generally known as the
Ober law, which gives rise to legltlmate
concern.
The statute was drafted by commission
of able lawyers after long and painstaklng
study. It was passed by the Legislature
with only one dissenting vote. Still, II
the statute was so loosely drawn that per-
sons could not know whether they were
violating it or not if it cut across consti-
tutional prohibitions, if it was calculated
to regulate thought as distinct from action,
it would be the duty of any judge to strike
it down. Then, with the guidance of a
properly prepared court opinion, the Leg
islature could proceed to revise its work
and enact new statute which would meet
the prescribed standards.
The trouble with Judge sherbow's deci-
sion is that it does not do this. 1t nullif1es
the Ober law in language that is both
vague and sweeping. 1t attacks the statute
in terms that are emotional If not IRA
tional And its end result is to incaSe the
Legislature in judge-made straitjacket
restrictive enough to make it doubtful that
any effective action can be taken by the
State against subversive elements
The law set up a loyalty test, similar to
the Federal loyalty program, and Judge
Sherbow's treatment of that provision is
not unrepresentative of his ruling in its
entirety. This section of the law provides
that a person may be discharged from
or denied employment by public agencies
of the State If there are reasonable
grounds on all of the evidence" to believe
that such person is subverSive. This closely
parallels the language of the Federal pro-
gram, which has been sustained by the
Court of Appeals. Yet Judge Sherbow
struck down the Ober law provision
He said he could not tell what kind OF
standard was set up by reasonable
grounds" And he went on: What may
seem reasonable to one may seem ex-
tremely arbitrary and unreasonable to
another" Next, he cited with approval
the doctrine that no person may be con-
victed of a crime except upon evidence
which convinces the court and jury of
his guilt beyond a reasonable doubt"
Just what the relevancy of this may be
is not clear, since the distinction between
the right to hold a public job and the
rights which become operative when one
is charged with crime is quite we'll
established. Still, If there is any relevancy,
one might ask whether there is any more
certainty in the term reasonable doubt"
which Judge Sherbow seems to indorse,
than in the term reasonable grounds"
which he condemns. Obviously, there can
be no precise definition of either which
would fit all cases and all situations, and
the practical effect of the Sherbow ruling
would seem to be that Maryland is power
less to deny public employment to dis
loyal people.
The sponsors of the statute have said
that the ruling will be carried to the
Maryland Court of Appeals. This unques-
tionably should be done, If for no other
reason than in the hope of getting con-
trolling decision which will at least set
out some rational standards as guides for
the future
Evening star., 1949-08-17
Argues That God Cares Nothing
About Human Conception Of Time

To the Editor Of The Star
Since daylight saving time first was pro-
posed more than 40 years ago, some op-
ponents OF the scheme (such as your cor
respondents c. P. D. and E. L. have based
their objections In part at least on the
premise that it is deviation from Gods
time by which they evidently mean sun
time
While 1t may be assumed that God is
responsible for time. the measurement of
times passage by mechanical devices was
mans idea and 1t is doubtful If God cares
particularly whether the short hand on a
dial points straight up or straight down
when the sun crosses the meridian.
c. P. D. uses the term natural time"
as synonymous with sun time and Gods
time" There is also sidereal time, which
is as natural" as solar time and which
agrees with mean solar time only once
year. Neither true solar time or sidereal
time can be measured accurately by ordi-
nary clocks without constant correction. and
therefore our standard time is Gods time"
only for fleeting instants at long intervals
apart. Then there is the matter of longi-
tude. If we were all to use Gods time"
when the clocks in Washington showed noon
the clocks in Winchester would indicate
few minutes earlier and those in Salisbury
few minutes later. I do not remember
ever hearing any one, including opponents
Of daylight saving time. object to the sys-
tenn of time zones which eliminates this
confusion while surely causing serious devia-
tions from Gods time"
The late Kaiser Wilhelm was won't to
use the phrase. "Me und Gott" in connection
with his ambitions. 1t is just as ridiculous
to assume that there is any heavenly con-
cern as to the hour shown on any clock
face when the sun or star crosses the
meridian as it was for the Kaiser to offer
God a sort Of junior partnership and to
take His acceptance for granted
Many people object to daylight saving
time for perfectly valid reasons. Why not
stick to those reasons and keep the argu-
ments down here among US mortals?
L. w. A,
Evening star., 1949-08-17
Excuse 1t, Please

H0U Dery strange I ever gre1D
In years to more than one or tho,
Or eper learned to stand alone
Within 1oorld my pery o1on.
For noiD that am raising nee
Small lad OF foe and lass OF three,
Mn parents fond are sure to ask
If I haze ,Oisdon1 for the task.
Then think I ,Ddnt too much OF these
Small jeDels ,oto should do as they please,
And tondly hint to one another
That / an, just the children's Mother i.
HARRIET SCOTT OLINICK.
Evening star., 1949-08-17
To the Editor of The Star:

TO the Ed1tof OF the SIaf.
I do not share the opinion of your con-
tributor Warren Stone that The Star should
liquidate the daily column OF Lowell Mellett.
T have known the author of that column
for many years and have known OF his
brothers and other members of his family
all crusaders for what they belitve to be
right. One brother gave his life in cru
SADIE for better municipal government. So,
whether we agree with Lowell in his con-
clusions or no, let's concede his right to
be heard He is an interesting, and to me,
indispensable daily feature of The Star
JERRY A. MATTHEWS.
Evening star., 1949-08-17
Deep Freezes Turn Out
To Be Plenty Hot

Concerning the deep freezes which seem
to have been distributed so freely. may
saw that it reminds me of Willie with his
apple for the teacher. The psychology back
of the mental processes involved is about
on the same juvenile level
For politicians to accept gifts from busi-
ness firms is naive to say the least end In
my opinion such naivete is out OF place IN
Government administration. 1t is dlfrcllt
to decide whether this giving and accepting
is due to cupidity or stupidity. A little OF
both perhaps! The deep freezes have turned
out to be hot potatoes, IS people with
grain OF sense might have anticipated.
LAURA K. POLLOCK.
Evening star., 1949-08-17
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE

9. Was the term New World" used for
the first time In the motto Of Christopher
Columbus?-V. o. 8.
A. There is a tradition that Ferdinand
and Isabella Of Spain at some date un-
specified granted to Columbus for his coat
of arms the motto, "A Castillo y Leon
Nuevo Mundo dio Colon" (To CASTLE and
Leon I gave a New World. There is.
however. no historical foundation for this
story which was first mentioned by Oviedo
in 1885. Columbus was not seeking a new
world, nor did he realize that he had found
one. The phrase new world" actually was
first used by Amerigo Vespucci in letter
to Lorenzo de Medici written In 1903.
O. What is the fastest speed of hell
copter?-J. E.
A. The helicopter speed mark set on April
~, 1949 was 1926 miles per hour. It was
established by Harold E. Thompson,
Sikorsky pilot, at Cleveland.
O. Has the camel or dromedary q hump
at birth?-E. w.
A. Neither the camel nor the dromedary
has hump at birth. The hump develops
later.
@. When did etching originate?-N. L. w.
A. The new technique for engraving on
metal, or etching, developed in the early
10th century, probably from the armorer's
craft. The first etching that Is dated was
entitled woman Bathing Her Feet" 1t
was executed by Urs Graf in 1913.
@. Does the favorite usually win in .
horse race?-C. D.
A. During the 1948 season 1857 favorites
were successful in the 1888 races decided.
this constituting a winning percentage Of
"a, slightly less than the previous year.
c. What is the area Of the small island
in the Pacific where Amelia Earhart dis
appeared?-A. c. G.
A. Howland Island, in the mid-Paciac,
covers an area of only 11a square miles.
A large airf1eld was built there In 1887 as
a landing place for the famous fier. Amelia
Earhart, who never reached it. She took
off from New Guinea and disappeared.
@. When and by whom were wheels first
used?-G. H.
A. It is not known exactly when and
by whom wheels were first used. They
were known to the very ancient peoples.
Monuments show that the wheel as used by
the ancient Egyptians and Assyrians. usu-
ally had six spokes, those Of the Greeks
and Romans had only four. They were
generally constructed Of wood and some.
times had bronze or iron tires
Evening star., 1949-08-17

there were many useful years ahead Of them.
I hope and pray that our churches. Of
whatever denomination, may instill in the
youth of our land the value of Christian
thought and teaching.
A CONCERNED MOTHER AND GRAND
MOTHER.
Southampton, Long Island, N. Y.
Evening star., 1949-08-17

in other hands. How the new authorities
will discharge their responsibilities can
be determined only by their own actions.
Experience has proved that official pro-
nouncements and promises are no reliable
indication of what will actually occur.
Evening star., 1949-08-17
welfare.

If the Gulf Stream shifts closer to the
Northeastern shore, it may yet be possible
to test the old theory-that Bridgeport
with palms could hardly be told from
Hollvwood
Evening star., 1949-08-17
A Grandmother Hopes and Prays
For Faith in Christian Teaching
prk,


For Faith in Christian Teaching
To the Editor OF The Star:
7 cannot help feeling that one phase OF
this tragedy of suicide of prominent men
recently has been overlooked, and nave
waited day after day for some one else 10
call attention to this point. Now can "alt
no longer.
AS the mother of five grown children and
with eight grandchildren OF varying ages
feel great concern that a country, which Is
supposed to be Christian. should have in
stilled into some of its leading citizens so
little Christian faith and hope. When the
great strain comes having so little or none
of this background of faith and hope Tor
the future, they inevitably crack, both men
tally and physically
I have lived in many countries. and in
those where Christianity is taught from
childhood there is a fiber. both moral ana
physical, which endures under the seVereSI
tests. We have only to read the words o!
many of the great men OF our oay, as wen
as the past, to realize this. In Winston
Ch,lrchill's latest book this is apparent.
Surely no one could have been more dis
illusioned and disappointed than he, bue
throughout Great Britain the church has
place beside the state.
During the war I received hundreos OF
letters from Great Briain many written
under the most dreadful and trying c1rcum-
stances-the deaths of husbands and some
on distant battlefields; the capture and dis
appearance of those they loved best; the
bombing and burning of their homes, and
the loss of all their possessions.
Yet in their worst moments they would
write such phrases as IF we trust in God
He will see us through" God helping us.
we shall win in the end" and once mother
whose son shad disappeared at Dunkirk,
Every night 4 pray for all the mothers in
the world Such faith is unbeatable.
I feel that II these great men had had
some Of this faith. they would have realized
Evening star., 1949-08-17
Consider Mr.. Mellett's Column

Consider Mr.. Mellett's Column
Well Worth Reading
To the Editor of The Star:
Have recently seen few letters by some
who do not like Lowell Mellett's column
May say that his is one Of the first read?
Please do not drop his column.
MRS. F.. NJ. LOLLO.
Evening star., 1949-08-17
Questions and Answers

A reader can sat The answer . snS question ss
fact BY writinf The 1vsntpf etst M9ehinstoA.
ington 2. D. c. Please incloss three Is, cents Tor
return POSTAGE
Evening star., 1949-08-17
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
,oriter, although 1t Is permissible for
a 1Driter kno1Dn to The Star to use
a nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1949-08-17
Distrusts Britain as an Ally
In Matters Concerning Atomb Bombs
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
After fumbling with the idea of giving
away our atomic bomb secrets" to Socialist
Britain. President Truman has exercised
sound executive discretion in having passed
this dice of death decision on to Congress.
IT our Congressman are equally discreet in
terms of self-preservation, they in turn will
pass this decision on to the people, and re-
quire 80 per cent popular vote ratification
before giving away our atomic bomb secrets
or our finished product atomic bombs to
any country on the face Of the earth.
II we are to implement another "hari
kari" Pearl Harbor attack, this time, on our
cities and industries; if we are to walk the
loose wire Of military madness and economic
idiocy, let it be done with the knowledge
and consent of all of us. Because of its
unpredictable consequences this is one de-
cision that our President and Congress are
incompetent to make.
Have not British spokesmen already
warned us Of their apathetic attitude to-
wards joining us, should we tangle with
Russia, and has not Winston Churchill
warned us that Socialist Britain is headed
straight into communism?
Then why should we arm Socialist Britain
with our atomic bomb secrets, the perfect
instruments of Socialist Communist collu-
sion? With Socialist-Britain now in admin
istrative disrepute and economic desperation
and with Communist Russia desperately
anxious to pay any price which Socialist
Laski could ask of Communist Vishinski.
it will be time enough to give our finished
product atomic bombs to our World War III
allies. when we know precisely who they
are. Let us not under estimate the British
passion for balance Of power"
Let us not discount British 1ngratitude
for the much we have done for them to this
moment If we go to war with Russia, and
the British fail us, am for taking uranium
or any other American needs from the
British with atomic bombs, should we deem
it necessary to our military success. For us
to give away single atomic bomb or atomic
secret, at this critical time, is to dissipate
our international prestige 80 per cent, and
to invite European-A -Asiatic collusion.
ARTHUR c. narrower.
Cnit,1afa IIarhnr Mass
Evening star., 1949-08-17

@. What is the fastest speed of a hell
copter?-J. E.
A. The helicopter speed mark set on April
~. 1949 was 1926 miles per hour. It was
established by Harold E. Thompson, a
Sikorsky pilot, at Cleveland.
Evening star., 1949-08-17

@. Has the camel or dromedary a hump
at birth?-E. w.
A. Neither the camel nor the dromedary
has hump at birth. The hump develops
later.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1949-01-01
CARD OF THANKS

Ny heart felt thanks to the gen.
eral public including the following
individuals and groups for each
kindness extended me during my
extended illness. Although am yet
IN, 1 am thankful for life and
friends. The following for their
gifts and services.
Mt. Olivet Baptist Church, the
Ministerial Alliance, the Friendship
Amystjc Center, the Christmas Saw
ing Club, Ebenezer No. 2 Circle,
Daughters Of Naomi, Seminole Chap
ter Of Eastern Stars, Eastern Star
Past Council. New Providence
Chapter No. SO. Mrs. Muriel Will
liams, Mrs. Ora d. Lee, Mrs. Carrie
Forbes. Mrs. Gladys Brown and
family. Mrs. Augusta Newbold. st.
Matthews Baptist Church, the
Baptist Council and many other
friends for cards and donations too
numerous to mention here. We wish
also TO thank Rev. L. A Thompson,
pastor Of Temple Baptist church
and Editor H. e. S. Reeves for
services extended.
Rev. s. A. Sampson
and family
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1949-01-01

ken - haven't had job now
for six months and I am beginning
to get worried. thought II / wait
ed long enough might be called
to work where my girl friend Is
employed. If / got out and looked
for a job. do you thing I could find
one?
Ans: Certainly. But, you can not
expect to find a job by sitting
around waiting. making no effort at
all to get placed. Read the Help
Wanted column of your. daily paper
you can find a job through this
source. My new 1919 Guide goes in
to this subject and offers some
mighty helpful suggestions to those
seeking work. The price is 81. Send
your birthdate when ordering your
copy.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1949-01-01

MGR - I have been hard work
er for the past five years. Every
summer l have wanted to take a
trip but just couldn't seem to make
it as I didn't have the money. Now
1 want to know If l will get to take
trip in 1919?
Ans: Now is the time to make
your plans. Set aside a few dollars
each week and put it in the bank for
the specific purpose of taking a va
cation trip this summer. Don't let
single pay day pass without de-
posting a few dollars. When vaca-
ton time rolls around you will
be in a position to make a trip. You
can expect to have a grand time
too.