davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-12-23
Arnold Fears for Civilization Itself New Conflict Begins

troops well deployeo. he knew
the bombing attack was coming.
He was ready and making the
most of it, and started his west
ward movement. The Allied Com
mand was handicapped by lack
Of reserve equipment and REIN
forcements. The bombing attack
on the installations in the rear
made things mighty uncertain for
that command.
So our troops did the best they
could under the circumstances.
However, they were handicapped
from the start and unless the
fog Of uncertainty and confusion
could be lifted from our ports
of embarkation and debarkation,
the ground troops would have one
awful time meeting their oppon-
ents on an equal status.
The bombing command finally
secured enough information to
permit taking of for the other
side Of the Atlantic with several
alternate bases as objectives.
Fog Of War; Closed Ports.
The Navy was held up on ac-
count Of the "fog of war" which
surrounded the Atlantic ports on
both sides Of the ocean. Finally
our fleets were able to head for
European waters. In the mean
time they had a tough job to do
in clearing the sea lanes Of
schnorkel submarines. Our cargo
ships and tankers must get
through. The blockade Of hostile
ports must be put into effect and
maintained. Supplies must reach
our hard-pressed ground troops.
In time the chaotic condition
resulting from the bombing was
partially overcome. We found out
the extent Of damage done and
the status Of our ports, our In
dustries. our vital areas. We
could make plans for sending
equipment and personnel abroad.
The wheels turned again to start
production to meet our airplane
and accessory requirements. Our
bombing made further 1ong-range
attacks by the enemy very Inn
probable. However. the war
would be a long one. We were
again doing things the hard way.
We had hoped that our co-opera-
tive plans with our Allies would
keep us out Of war but q cog
slipped somewhere. The enemy
saw 1t and took advantage Of our
weakness.
| I was asked to write an article
about how the next war viii be
fought and I have done so but
don't believe 1t will ever start. ]
cannot conceive Of our ever again
being such fools as to be caught
mapping with our guard down as
we did at Pearl Harbor. I be-
lieve that leaders. regardless Of
nationality, will see the utter fu-
tility Of fighting q war tn which
no one can at the completion-be
called the winner.
coDyrisht' 1s4s. by I'M MeNaushs s'ndicass
G5ss.r sse Aa'ls: e e.. sFts Fsssdss: Ass'i ssss
Evening star., 1949-12-23
|Cow|ey Lecture Plan
Al U. Of Washington
Attacked by Regent
By ths Assoeioisd Press

SEATTLE. Dec. 23.-Criticism
was voiced by q member Of the
University Of Washington Board
Of Regents and q State legislator
over appointment Of a New York
writer to a visiting lectureship at
the university next quarter.
Target Of their criticism Is
Malcolm Cowley. poet and writer
and former associate editor Of the
New Republic.
Mr.. Cowley's record of having
been cited by the House Un-
American Activities Committee
for services at numerous Com
munist-front organizations" and
the quality Of his poetry were
both criticized by the objections.
(Mr. Cowley was q recent
defense witness in the Alger
Hiss perjury trial. He testified
that Whitaker Chambers had
once told him that Francis b.
Sayre, Mr.. Hiss boss In the
State Department, was q leader
in the Communist underground
in Washington in the 1930s.
The defense offered the testi-
mony to show that Mr.. Cham
bers had an "accusatory" dis
position.)
Says He Was "Talked Down."
George Stuntz. the regent, said
yesterday he had opposed Mr..
Cowley's appointment to the
Walker-Ames Fellowship in two
meetings Of the Board Of Regents
"but faculty members talked me
down"
The legislator was Representa-
tive William D. Shannon, Repub-
lican, Of Seattle, who wrote DR..
Raymond B. Allen. university
president, that he was at q loss
to understand the selection Of a
man to address the students who
had the background Of Mr..
Cowley."
DR.. Allen said he had received
the protests and had answered
them with = defense Of MIR.
Cowley.
He has satisfied himself, DR..
Allen said. that the lecturer Is no
longer 4 sympathizer with Com
munism and that "errors he may
have committed 10 or Is years ago
should not stand in his way If
he has something constructive to
offer in an unrelated field Of spe-
cial competence"
Offered to Withdraw.
The university made public q
letter from Mr.. Cowley Offering
to withdraw If his appointment
were to prove embarrassing. The
university declined the offer.
At his home in Sherman, Conn.
Mr.. Cowley said x am going te
the University Of Washington tx
lecture on American literature
and not politics"
IF I were to lecture or
politics." he said, II would Ger.
tainly oppose communism in thu
lecture"
He said the lecture course viii
deal with American literatur.
since 1910.
Evening star., 1949-12-23

EDUCATIONAL.
Evening star., 1949-12-23
Berlin Council Says Soviet
Holds 1000, 900 P0Ws
By the Associated Press

BERLIN, Dec. 23.-The West
Berlin city council last night ac-
cused Russia of holding captive
over 10000 German war prison.
ers some of them women and
children.
The Germans, said q resolution
passed by the council, were being
held despite repeated Soviet
promises and agreements to re.
turn them.
The resolution said some of the
women and children were living
under sub-human conditions in
the Soviet Zone.
Evening star., 1949-12-23

planes available for use, the size
of our Army and the fighting
strength Of our Navy. The same
question repeated so many times
in 1898 and 1899 has been re-
surrected and Is again being
asked: Whom are you going to
fight?"
Atlantic Pact Relied On.
The Atlantic pact is brought up
as the solution Of our fears Of hos
tile attack. We were always a peo-
pie to stop worrying il we could
find someone else to carry the load
so we are glad to have the coun-
tries Of Western Europe all fixed
up after years of aid from the
United States. They will receive
the first shock attack, If any: they
can hold the line. So why should
not our people be q bit more in
|terested in business and in making
money than in something as elu-
sive as a war that has been talked
of for many years and has not
happened?
The radar interception net for
picking up and shooting down
hostile planes is being constructed.
It extends for thousands Of miles
across the northern part Of our
continent and then crosses to
Greenland, Iceland and on to
Europe. It costs millions, perhaps
billions. It is strengthened by the
--latest jet planes, rockets and mis-
siles with homing heads that seek
out planes so that there will al
ways be hits. It is a big comfort
to know that such a net exists ano
will stop hostile planes from
making another Pearl Harbor sur
prise attack. More reason for COM
placency.
Here we go! It was a wonderful
New Years eve. Every town, city
and hamlet was celebrating as
never before. Soldiers, sailors and
air men Joined in the gayety as
passes were easy to get during the
holiday season.
However. up north. things were
not SO clear-cut and well-defined
There was an overcast sky. two
layers OF clouds at the 5000 and
15,000-foot levels. Those clouds
carried rain, snow, sleet and made
peculiar marks upon the detection
screens. Occasionally it looked tx
the observers as If there must bt
|airplanes approaching but the pic.
lture was confused. Similar read
|ings were made by observers al
along the interception screen lint
THAT night. Little did they realize
that the picture was mixed UP BY
llong-range reconnaissance planes
dropping devices and gadgets tx
make radar readings more difh.
cult or impossible. The observer
called to headquarte1 for help.
Il Clear Recording Impossible.
4 Many men studied the screer
but the weather and the inter
: ferences did not permit q cleal
recording being made. 1t wa
Evening star., 1949-12-23

further complicated by the report
that a small group Of our own
planes was returning from train
ing flight to the North Pole. Who
would want to fly an airplane in
such weather anyhow? And now
for the surprise attack.
Somewhere between 200 or 400
long-range enemy bombers made
their way toward the net that
murky night and some broke
through. What matters it that
a hundred were shot down? What
matters is that Is crews sur
rended after reaching their tar
gets and landing? The hard
facts were that 80 very modern
long-range bombers had broken
through and reached our indus
trial, economic and other critical
points. Forty hit English criti-
cal areas, docks, etc. Twenty hit
important points in France. It
required days to get those facts
confirmed. At first no one knew
just what had happened or where.
Yes, we had a strategic Air
Force: it was the only weapon
that could be used for retaliation.
It provided the only means we
had for reaching out-of-the-way
places far beyond the theater
of war in Europe. So we held the
strategic Air Force in a state Of
readiness.
The strategic Air Force was
ready to take of for its European
bases, but which ones were opera
tional? Which ones had been hit
by the bombers? The bombers
delayed In taking off until addi-
tional information was obtained
but wait! Incoming reports told
Of submarines standing of the
shore and lobbing rockets. atomic
perhaps, at all coastal areas. More
obstacles to overcome!
Phase I Of War Completed.
In various Of the Atlantic pact
nations things were not so good
Communication lines were cut. the
exact area hit by bombs was un-
known, the degree Of contamina-
ton by atomic bombs could not
be Immediately determined. Then
there was the usual lack Of in
formation under such conditions
as to the whereabouts of many OF
our military, diplomatic and ad-
ministration leaders. Just where
were the plans for this, that, OF
the other operation? Thanks tc
the Department Of Defense there
was an underground setup othe,
than the Pentagon where the
Military Headquarters could an6
did store its records and plans ano
could operate. However, phase
of the war was completed.
| In the meantime, the Allied
armies Of the Atlantic pact stand.
ing by In Europe lost the initia-
tive. They must move to protect
themselves and stem the on
slaught. The armies were strone
| In tactical Air Forces. That was
Ia big help. The invader had his
Evening star., 1949-12-23
Air Crash
Continued From First Page.)

strument landing gauge in front
Of him showed they were veering
to the left Of the radio beam.
He said Capt. Davis turned the
plane to the left, "a move I did
not understand" At that time,
the radar operators on the ground
sent q message informing him
that the plane was headed for
the radio range station.
'"The ground control approach
operators sounded quite frantic, u
Mr.. Luther related, "and told us
that it was an emergency and
to pull up immediately"
After circling the field Capt
Evening star., 1949-12-23
Continued From First Page.)

the aggressors in war. After the
initial war moves have been
made, we follow along but the
other side has the initiative.
In the future this is going to
be much more serious than in
the past. There is the possibility
that we will become so badly
mangled in that first surprise at
tack that we cannot make quick
recovery. Our wounds may even
prevent our following the war
plans. We may not be able to
send needed reinforcements in
personnel and reserves In equip
ment to the Western European
democracies for some time after
We begin to lick our wounds.
The atomic bomb can damage
our concentrated cities, industrial
centers, and other vital points
more than those Of an enemy
whose industrial setup is spread
over miles of wide open spaces,
far distant from its frontiers.
We often have felt very SNUG
thinking ourselves as being the
sole possessor of the atomic bomb,
the best long-range bomber in the
world, and jet fighters equal to
those used by anyone. Then we
received a rude awakening. The
Russians have the atomic bomb.
Hence, we must accept the fact
that no matter how good our
equipment or planes, other nations
will have some equally good o,
better within a comparatively
short time.
In thinking OF any future war
we must accept these things al
automatic. They will determine
whether or not we make sound
decisions.
I am not one to put on an
"Orson Welles" nor do think
that this is the time to do 1t
Yet, merely as a matter Of keep
ing our own people from forget
ting World Wars I and II, ano
that If we get too apathetic OF
complacent, we may have not one
but 40 or so Pearl Harbors. here
is my story as to how the nex1
war might be fought 10, Is, Of
20 years from now:
Many years have passed since
Pearl Harbor. The cold war has
slowed up. The world has become
immune to the talk about Com
munistic aggression. Everyone i
talking peace. The cost OF oul
armed forces has been a terrific
drain on the national treasury. Il
is so easy to cut appropriation
for armed forces when the worle
Is at peace. Even in spite Of thu
most vigorous protests on tn,
part Of thinking men, in civilian
Life and our foremost militar!
leaders, little by little cuts ar
made in our development and re-
searchh programs. the number o
Evening star., 1949-12-23

any merchant with short-measure
bottles on his shelves will be prose.
cuted, If he had been warned pre-.
viously.
Most Of the short measure oc-
ours in gin, rum and cordials, Mr..
Kennedy said.
Evening star., 1949-12-23

by Pilot J. G. Carmichael when he
landed the plane at Norfolk after
a flight from Memphis.
Subsequent flight reports made
by other pilots showed that the
carburetor heater on the right
engine was running abnormally
low. but mechanics forms did not
indicate that any adjustments had
been made.
On December II the airliner
underwent q complete inspection
at the Memphis base Of the air.
line, Mr.. Clark related. At that
time, the left engine carburator
heater was operating at 30 de-
grees and the right one at IS
degrees.
A. B. Hallman. CAB power plant
specialist, testified that carbure-
tors from both engines Of the
wrecked plane were recovered and
installed on test engines. Both
performed "satisfactorily," he tes-
titled. Later Mr.. Hallman ex-
planned to newspapermen that his
tests did not embrace the car
buretor heaters. He said the en-
gines Of the airliner were too badly
damaged to permit tests on the
heaters.
Russell A. Potter. Civil Aero
nautics Board attorney and chair
man Of the investigating panel,
questioned Horace J. Reid, flight
operations manager Of Capital
Airlines, closely about the ability
Of Capt. Davis to navigate on in
struments.
instrument Became Stuck.
Mr.. Reid confirmed reports that
Capt. Davis missed the field
on the morning Of October 8.
while attempting to make an
instrument landing. He then read
the report made by Mr.. Luther
on the landing.
Two survivors Of the crash who
testified yesterday convinced ex-
perts that the air tragedy de-
veloped when the DC-3 plane
stalled after the pilot attempted
q steep climb when he found him
self over the river instead Of the
airport.
Joseph w. Buell., jr.. %. Capital
Airlines fight attendant, who es-
capped from the crash with slight
injuries, told the board that one
Of the planes two engines sput-
tered and shut off when the pilot
opened the throttles wide to gain
altitude.
I'VE couldn't see anything as
we came down through the over
cast" Mr.. Buell. testified. Il was
sitting in the last seat on the right
hand side and I couldn't even see
the tips of the wings when I looked
out the window.
Was Shifting During Flight.
II could feel the plane shifting
from side to side like it does
when the pilot is correcting his
course. Then we broke through
the clouds and I could see the
Potomac River below us. Just
at that moment the nose went
up and the motors roared. I
could see sparks coming from the
exhaust stack Of the motor ON
my side. The ailerons were work
ing violently and the flaps were
down. Then the plane shuddered
all over. The motor on my side
sputtered and died and we fell
of on q wing"
Flight experts attending the
hearing told reporters after Mr..
Buell. testified that the "shudder-
ing" described by the witness Is
characteristic Of q stall. It Is
possible, they said, that the pilot
may have instinctively shut on
the engines when he felt the
"shudder" and knew the plane
was about to crash.
Evening star., 1949-12-23
.Scorns Kisses for Sausage

NUREMBERG When q
woman lost a bet at a party here
she had the choice of kissing all
the men present or eating three
pounds of sausage. She chose the
sausage.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-11-11
Saw1nilI Project Here Depends
Upon Reconstruction Finance Corp.
TakahaShi Firm Now in Complete
Ownership Of Property
aIt all depends on the R. F. e.

1T all depends on the R. F. c."
That's the answer to the ques-
ton when will the sawmill re-
open?" given the city by Sam
Burnsed personal representative of
c. T. Takahashi. who was here last
week end.
Takahashi, who was scheduled to
make the trip here was called to
San Francisco and Burnsed came
here to represent him. Bunsed is
an associate of Takahashi in the
mill operation here.
"We're ready to go any time
the R. C. grants US the loan
which We have applied for
Burnsed declared. He added that
the funds were needed to reno
vate the layout and for working
capital.
This is where the people Of
Wrangell. individually and as or
CARNATIONS, can help. Letters are
needed-letters to Delegate E. L.
Bartlett which he can use in pre-
senting a plea for the mill opera
tors before the R. F. C.
The Chamber of Commerce at IFS
meeting Monday moved for the
adoption of a resolution supporting
Takahashi in his effort to estab-
fish the mill The city council did
likewise at a special meeting Nor
day afternoon All civic groups As
gell as individuals are urged Il
yite to Bartlett on behalf of The
nmnany.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-11-11
Tax Collections
Hit $500

Over $500 in city sales tax
money has been collected so far for
the first quarter, City Clerk Rob
ert Wickman reported this week
practically all the returns are in
as of this week.
Collection of the sales tax start
ed in July and this is the first
return. Merchants must turned in
the sales tax money and returns
within one month after the end ii
each quarter
1t is generally agreed that the
$500 for the July-August-Septem.
Der quarter is much more than car
be expected during the winter
months.
1t is pointed out that it was dur
this quarter that the heavy fish
run was on and spending was
heavy Some predict that the years.
total collections will amount tC
about $4,000.
Sales tax funds are earmarked
for health and education and can.
not be used for any other purpose
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-11-11
City Council Has
First Meeting

Routine business was disposed OF
at the first regular meeting of the
new city council last week With
newly elected Mayor Peter c. Nc
Cormaef in the chair, the council
approved several items for city i'm
provement.
At the request of Frank Webb.
a street light will be installed in
front of his home The lot next to
the fire station, owned by DR..
Wheeler, was made available as a
playground for children of the first
and second grades who are attend
ing school at the fire hall. The
council agreed that DR.. Wheeler
should not be held liable in case
of accidents on the lot,
William zepp, superintendent of
streets, said the ramp to the can
merry float would be repaired for
the winter.
The council approved the pur-
chase OF material to install a water
main from Angerman's Corner to
the end of the pavement on Front
st. They also approved laying OF
water main or Lynch St. be-
tween Church and Front St.
George Kuntz was appointed
chief of police. All other city ap-
pointive positions were carried ovel
from last year.
At a special meeting held Mon
day, the city clerk was instructed
to write a letter to Delegate e. L
Bartlett on behalf of the Taxa
hashi Company's r. F. c. loan.
Lennie Engstrom will be acting
mayor in the absence of Mayor Nc
Cormack who left for Seattle Tues
day.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-11-11
Bishop Gordon
Arrives Here

The Rt. Rev. William J. Gordon
Jr., Episcopal bishop of Alaska,
arrived here this morning from
Ketchikan.
Bishop Gordon, whose office is
in Fairbanks, attended the trien-
NAL convention of the Episcopal
Church held in San Francisco in
September During the summer he
was on an extended speaking tour
of the states and visited at his
home in North .Csrolina.
Bishop Gordon is making his an
nual visitation of Episcopal Mis-
sions in Southeastern Alaska. This
is his second visit here inasmuch
as he was only consecrated bishop
in May, 1948.
Besides being the youngest bish
OPP in the Episcopal Church, his
conservation had to wait a year un.
! til he was of canonical age He is
also true Alaskan, being the only
flying bishop of the church anC
the only flying cleric in Alaska
with his own pilots license. FL
has an airplame equipped with skis
for winter flying. He pilots him
self in making his visitations.
This Sundays Episcopal Churcl
schedule is as follows:
$50 a. m.-Sunday School.
10:30-Church service and Con
firmation.
400 p. m.-Holy Baptism.
7:30-9-Reception for Bisho,
Gordon at Civic Center. The publ
is invited.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-11-11

all types of lumber. The company
has its own sales organization
Burnsed said logs will be pur-
chased from loggers hereabouts and
emphasized that in addition to
their own work the company viii
finish lumber of other smaller
mills in this area.
The mill property here occupies
Iabout ten acres and an extensive
renovation project will be under
taken as soon as funds are avail
able Burnsed said there is about
800 tons of machinery owned by
the company at Auburn, Wash,
and more in juneau. Much of the
present equipment will be unusable
for the modern type min planned
and will be replaced by other ma
chinery When the alteration work
gets under way Burnset estimated
about 25 men would be employed
This, he hopes, will be in the
spring.
II this happens, the mill will be
in full production by next fall.
IN the meantime, it all depends
on the r. p. C.
Burnsed and Price were guests
OF Fred Hanford over the weekend
and last Friday evening an infor-
NAL get-together was held at the
R2aford home at which time the
mill representative met most of the
towns business men. Present were
I following local men:
l.. 3d. Campbell, hardware; E. NJ
I'm ~ tug boat owner and op-
orator Eern Smith, Stikine Club;
J. c. Hay Union Oil; r. II. Arm
a.oer. lish buyer Elmer Otteson,
machine shop; Y. E Neyman, mer-
camille; F. E. Webb. telephone COM
pany; peter Mccormack. mayor of
Hrangeil II. r. Coulter. Zimovia
Lockers; II. B. Thornquist, banker,
Tom Voorhies, fisherman; Pete
Gilmore, attorney; Julius Ferney,
Sentinel; James Norman drug store
and member of the territorial leg
islature; William Grant, grocery.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-11-11
Hanford to Leave
For Months Trip

Fred Hanford, local business
man, will leave Monday by plane
for months business trip to Sc
attic, Portland and San Francisco.
Whiio in Portland he will represent
Wrangell in a plea to the army en-
gineers for harbor improvement
here.
Hanford, who is chairman al
large of the Territorial Board oil
Equalization, plans to be bael
about the middle of December foi
a meeting of that board in juneau