davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

Governor Fuller Warren of
Florida is determined to smash
the xxx. He has asked the 1949
legislature to outlaw it and ANY
other terrorist organization" in
Florida.
Tit Khan reckoned without its
host when recently its morton
cade Of AZ cars entered Talla-
haSsee, the State capitol, and
staged a parade through the
streets. Some of the KlanSmen
were from other states and
some of the cars they rode in
did not display proper license
tags. Tallahassee's Sheriff con-
Sidered that driving car with
covered license plates was a vio-
ton Of the law and promptly
rounded up six of the automo-
biles. He later explained, Il
Just thought that if they were
going to take over, they ought
to do it according to law"
Governor Warren was even
more direct. He called the
Klansmen hooded hoodlums. 2
He said that their parade in
Tallahassee was a disgusting
and alarming spectacle" Then
came this blast, Those. covered
towards who call themselves
Klansmen quite obviously have
set out to terrorize minority
groups in Florida as they have
in q nearby state"
The Governor means business
as everyone learned waen he
asked one of his honorary lieu
tenant colonies, who admits he
is a member of the Khan, to re-
sign.
Judging by the wide support
which Governor Warren is re-
ceiving the Klan's attempt at
terrorism in Florida is going to
come to a swift and decisive
end. The press is for him, as are
the American Legion, the Miami
Post of Jewish War Veterans,
and the National Association for
the advancement of Colored
Colored People. The City Council
of Miami Beach commended the
Governor for his stand and a
statewide citizens group is being
formed in support Of his action
against the Khan.
That the people Of Florida are
disgusted-wit httl Ii inSlan's tactics
-oT terrorism was seen only as
recently as February 16 when
the Miami City Commission un-
anic 7usly passed an ordinance,
aimed at the Kla;g, winch prehi-
bits cross purnmgs ana the
wearing of hoods or masks lex
cept traditional holiday masks. :
The passage Of the ordinance
followed quickly on the heels Of
three cross burnings at Miami
Shores where a colored minister
had been invited to address a
White congregation in observ-
ance of Brotherhood Week.
The action Of the Miami CITY
Commission is significant be-
cause, although Tallahassee and
several Georgia communities
now have ordinances outlawing
the wearing Of hoods or masks.
Miami is the only city in the
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19
CLEVELAND INDIANS ar,

CLEVELAND INDIANS are
today vying with the Dodgers in
the number of colored major and
mihorleague PLAYERS. The Dodg-
ers still lead ali the other clubs,
but the ex-U. S. Marine is val
iantly trying to keep his prom
Use made on a Navy hospital cot
TO wounded colored veteran. 1t
seems when men share hard
times They can see much clear
er.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

HAPPY CHANDLER, who our
Boston Dave loves to rib occa-
sionally, happened to be Com
missioner of Baseball when col
ored players made their debut in
the modern game. No, this did
not happen under the northern
bred Mr.. Lands, 1t all came
about under the gentleman from
Kentucky, sub.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

Rev Clifford L. Miller minister,
lecturer and writer, is DESTROYS Of
serving your church with Audio-
Visual Help. AS service is HIS
primary aim, there sno hard
and fast charge. Your needs can
be talked over with him, and
some satisfactory arrangements
can be made.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19
O'Banyoun's
Observations

told you that Broadfield had
something cooking, and the
release Of the date for serving
confirms my statement. Thurs
day, June 9, in Recital Hall, we
win have the annual feast of
song for which so many are look
ing each year. I have no par
ticularS as to soloists and other
ensemble numbers; but with
Broadfeld conducting, and his
chorus for background, all I
can say is-save the date!
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19
Segregation For cored the
wlNO

clubs beat the Big League teams.
He predicted some day they'd
beg for players from the leagues
he organized. There's a millioa
stories about Foster.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

RUDE FOSTER, called the
Father Of CoIored Baseball"
stimulated the creation Of such
leagues when his players were
banned from the Majors. Fosters
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

Another periodical which it is
good to take in is the corning
concert OF the Greater Boston
Guild for Organists and Direct
orS which viii be in Jordan Hall,
Sunday afternoon, May is. With
such soloists as Hattie Barber,
Ralph Simmons, Inez Irving and
John Riley, and with the chorus
conducted by the peerless Elwyn
Barrow, put it down in your
date book as a must.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

Palm Sunday, April 10, we
will have the opportunity Of
hearing Adele Addison, listed as
sensational new sepia soprano. ("
The Women's Service Club has
never disappointed their follow
ers, and the advance notices
seem to point to an afternoon
Of the highest class singing.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

GOVERNOR DEVER didn't have to be "sold" but PAUL
YOUNG Of Lynn goes right ahead with his sales
for the Easter Seal campaign that starts today
MRS. ALICE DIXON BOND state chairman, looks The
youngster pupil the Bay State Nursery School for
Children with Cerebral Palsy of the many agencies
supported blythe Bay State Society for the Crippled and
Handicapped, Inc The Easter Seal goal of $275OoO will
enable the Society continue its work for another year.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

Maryland's important agricul-
tural products are tobacco, wheat,
corn, hay and potatoes.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

BILL VEECK, while a U. S.
Marine, wounded and lying in a
California naval hospital, had a
colored wounded vet located near
him, named Williams. Veeck
who lost his leg in battle, had
never thought much about col
ored" until he met Williams.
When Veeck heard about the in.
equalities he vowed he would
sign colored on the Cleveland
team. Bill has kept his promise.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

BUDDY HAssETT, who used
tc patrol first for the Boston
Braves, is now the N. Y. Yankee
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

JACKIE ROBINSON appropri-
ately opened the 1949 Major
League spring training season
with a home-run last week at Mi
ami against our own Boston
Braves. Roy Campanella also
clouted four-bagger as the
Dodgers defeated the N. L. cham
pions while southern ball fans
cheered the Tan Yank players in
Florida.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19
Boston Baked
By MABE KOUNTZE

Il have all races on my ball
club-sOme are even from tn,
South"
BILL vEECK( Cleveland.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

BIG LEAGUE FARM hands
this year may also include, bar
ring promotions, Dan Bankhead
and Don Newcombe of Brook
gn; and Ford Smith of the
Giants, all pitchers. The out
fielders include Mont Irwin of the
Giants and Sammy Jethro of the
Dodgers. Infeldcrs include Artie
Wilson, Cleveland; and Hank
Thompson, N. Y. Giants. There
are many other i949 rockies.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1949-03-19

farm manager of the Newark
Bears. And this year Buddy will
try-out the Yankees coIored
rookie, p year old outfelder,
Lou Marquee which he is doing
with pride. Back in 1887, New
ark had pitcher Stovey and
catcher and catcher Fleet Walk
er, an all colored battery. Much
is expected of MARQUEE.
Evening star., 1949-09-16
Machine Sets Type
On Film, Does Away
With Use Of Metal
0y the kssoeiatsd Press

{ BOSTON. Sept. 16.-An amazing
new machine that sets type quickly
and perfectly on film. without
using metal. was announced last
night.
) Publishers and scientists de-
elaxed it promises to revolutionize
the printing field. bringing enor-
NOUS savings over present costs Of
printing newspapers, books and
magazines and q huge growth In
spread Of knowledge.
!. The machine uses An ordinary
typewriter keyboard and q stenog-
rapher can run it. The machine
thinks, In order to space all lines
perfectly and instantly. It uses a
photoelectric gun to print on the
1ilm each letter or character struck
on the keyboard.
It can print in any families or
styles Of type, in any desired size
from headlines to small print, at
any desired moment. It photo
graphs six letters q second. or II
newspaper column lines = minute.
It could 60 to 20 lines . minute. or
two-and-one-half times the top
capacity speed Of . linotype ma
chine setting metal type.
A reporter In q hurry might set
Evening star., 1949-09-16

Bush are three Of the five members
of the board Of directors Of the
foundation. The others are DR.
Samuel H. Caldwell. director OF
the Center of Analysis at Massa-
chusetts Institute Of Technology
and Henry Laughlin, president of
Houghton Mifnin Co.
The photo-composition machine
Is the first project, and other pro-
blems will be decided on later by
the directors. The members sup
porting the foundation include
127 newspaper publishers. It's
budget has been set at $150,0o0
annually for the first three years.
DR.. Bush predicted that fast
changes will come in the printing
industry.
The photo composing machine
Evening star., 1949-09-16

line is written. Any errors can be
corrected simply by the operator
at this time.
q Meanwhile the brain of the ma
chine electrically counts OF units
Of distance, in 1/100ths Of an
inch, and remembers them as each
key Is struck. A fat letter takes q
lot OF units, q thin one much fewer
It allots four Of five units for each
space between words in the line.
When the line is completed, II
divides the leftover units among
the spaces between words to make
both margins Of the line perfectly
even. The operator just presses q
key to have this done for him.
When he pushes another key
the machine reads of the codes
that 1t has stored up, and sends
them to de-coder. In front OF
the decoder is q photo electric cell
or gun. trained on a revolving
disc. The disc is perforated with
all the letters and characters. In
various sizes. When the de-coder
translates the signal for the letter
B. 1t triggers the photo-gun which
fires q flash Of light through the
hole B at the split instant It wheels
around.
Six Letters Per Second.
The light darts through thi,
letter and projects it onto the
film. held on a carriage. The
spacing brain is meanwhile NOV
ing the carriage at the right speed
to space each letter where it is
wanted. Each character of the
line is formed this way. at the
rate now Of six per second.
All this time the operator is
typing out another line. He
pushes buttons. or sets dials for
the size Of type he wants, wheth-
er headline size or small print
Evening star., 1949-09-16

could bring temporary disruptiol
in the printing industry, he said,
but disruption is always the price
Of progress and good inventions
bring more employment, not less. /"
If printing costs are radically
reduced, IT hope we will see q
great deal more printing. We need
a free, healthy press, and the
larger the press is. the better. The
initial costs of starting o new
paper will be small compared with
the costs Of today"
Looking ahead. he said that
movable type. one Of the great in
ventions of all time, may be on
the way out. I think metal type Is
on the way out. too. We may do
printing one day without any
metal at all"
Evening star., 1949-09-16

that new methods could be de-
veloped to produce engraved
plates within 1lve minutes or less,
ready to 60 to press.
The machine. as yet unnamed, is
the invention in cooperative
work of two French engineers,
Rene A. Higonnet and Louis Moy-
roud. the Lithomat Corp. Of Cam
bridge. and DR.. Vannevar Bush
and associates in the Carnegie
Institution of Washington.
Formation Of the Graphic Arts
Research Foundation. Inc, an
unique organization to spur re-
search in the whole printing in
dustry. was announced at the
same time. It has taken over
development Of the new photo
composing machine. It is sup
ported by 139 leading concerns in
the newspaper, book publishing
and, manufacturing, photographic
magazine, trade composition and
pTlutlIlS PldIlt uclQS.
System Called Obsolete.
Present methods of printing
are obsolete, and on the way out
declared DR.. Bush, president OF
Carnegie Institution and a direc-
tor of the new foundation. The
world famous scientist headed the
office of Scientific Research and
Development during the war.
"Someday. we may do printing
without any metal whatsoever
DR.. Bush declared.
This new method, he said, can
reduce costs and time in printing
to bring huge expansion in dis
semination Of knowledge. He. said
scientific research is hampered
today by the inability to print
many research findings and in
form other workers of what al
ready, has beensdone, -. .. =
Linotype machines today form
and set type from molten metal
The new photos composing ma
chine sidesteps all that work. In
essence, this is how it works:
The operator runs what looks
like an ordinary electric typewriter.
It prints on paper in the carriage,
but only 50 he can see what he's
writing.
Code for Each Letter.
As he strikes each key. the ma
chine turns each letter into q code,
based on moving certain ones of
seven different pins. It stores up q
Icode for each letter until a whole
Evening star., 1949-09-16

and the style or family Of type
he wants.
A revolving drum could be ar
ranged to carry all the characters
and various sizes Of type for 20
different fonts, said William w
Garth, jr.. president of Lithomat
Corp. If three lenses are used
instead Of one, this would give
the operator a machine that
could produce at will any one OF
3 100000 different characters.
The machine will be produced
in a compact unit resembling q
stenographer's desk, and about
that same size. The one shown
yesterday was the first example
or prototype. Another is being
built. commercial models may be
available within 18 months, Mr.
Garth said.
The film can come out in q con.
tinuous roll or in strips and might
be developed automatically with.
in the machine. The type is q.
sharp as new type from the foun.
dry. 1t can be arranged in any
spacing.
Films Can Be Edited.
BY a projection process, the
Aims can be edited or changed
simply afterward, without having
to make q whole new one.
The lines on the film also could
be squeezed closer together OF
separated farther to make q story
fit where the editor wants it.
Robert B. Choate, publisher o1
the Boston Herald Traveller Corp.
said the new Graphic Arts Re-
search Foundation marks the first
time that the entire printing and
publishing industry has Joined to-
gether to seek improved processes
through research and develop
ment. "
Mr.. Choate, Mr.. Garth. and DR.
Evening star., 1949-09-16

his own story in type as he wrote
it. It is even possible that some
day the Associated Press and other
news organizations could transmit
a story and have It received in
type by member newspapers in
Evening star., 1949-09-16

whatever type style and size each
one wanted.
The film can be used to make
Offset plates for Offset printing. or
regular photo-engravings for re-
gular printing. 1t was predicted
Evening star., 1949-09-16


hn: which publishers scientists predict the printing
axes pato
1nahin Is no min the ephoo -APW Wrephoo
Evening star., 1949-04-21

aren't enough horses around TO
warrant that service.
When Assistant Corporation
Counsel Clark King pointed out
that the humane society would
differ vigorously" with the de-
fendant's views. Mr.. Boysen eoun-
tered:
We'll. why doesn't the humane
society keep them clean. That
trough I parked beside looks as
If it hasn't been cleaned In weeks.
I think I did the horses a favor
by blocking it Of"
Judge Scott held that Mr.. Boy
sen had confined his arguments
to the moral side of whether
troughs are needed" and that he
would find the defendant guilty
Evening star., 1949-04-21
Unexpected 10 ADOPT
Bolivian Proposal on
Clergy Trials Today
by the Assoeiosed Press

LAKE SUCCESS, April 21.-The
United Nations may reach deci-
sion late today on the question Of
Communist government prosecu-
tions of church leaders In Hungary
and Bulgaria.
The Assembly's 58-nation special
committee is expected to adopt a
Bolivian resolution urging that
disputes over the trials of Josef
Cardinal Mindszenty in Hungary
and Protestant clergymen in Bull
garia be settled under the peace
treaties with those countries.
This proposal would keep the
cases before the U. N. until the
next regular Assembly meeting in
September. 1t would leave a way
open for u. N. action then If
nothing comes of an attempted
settlement through the treaty
machinery.
Vote Expected Today.
Brig. Gen. Carlos p. Romulo of
the Philippines. chairman of the
special committee, said he expected
a vote this afternoon. Some del
egates felt, however. that the
Soviet bloc might delay q vote with
filibuster tactics.
Australia, co-nover with Bolivia
In having the church trials put
on the Assembly agenda. has de-
manded that the u. N. send a.
special investigating committee to
Europe to study the question
Cuba proposed a similar resolu-
ton, which the United States has
opposed. Britain. Canada and
Belgium, among others. also favor
the Bolivian plan.
Sir Alexander Cadogan Of Bri-
tain assailed the Communist trials
yesterday as new phase OF
Marxist opposition to freedom of
religion and thought.
Debate on Italy Resources.
The Russian bloc insists Cardi-
nal Mindszenty was not tried for
his religious activities and that
his case and those Of the Protest.
ant pastors In Bulgaria are inter-
nal matters outside the u. Ms
jurisdiction.
The Assembly's Political Com
mittee resumed debate on how to
dispose Of Italy's prewar African
colonies.
AS the Political Committee
neaped the opening of debate on
the question of Franco Spain, 1t
was learned the United States
would not support or oppose any
move to lift the U. N. ban on
having top rank diplomats In
Madrid.
Evening star., 1949-04-21
Court Answers Horse Question
OF Watering Trough Parker

many Of which involved leaders
Of the Dachau prison camp.
Mr.. Boysen Of 808 Haycock
road. Falls Church. Va. came In
charged with Illegally parking
his auto in front of one Of the
Districts few remaining watering
troughs, at Thirteenth street and
New York avenue NV.
There's no longer any need
for these troughs around town"
Mr.. Boysen insisted. There
Evening star., 1949-04-21
Mrs. Streit Elected

Mrs. Paul II. Streit, wife OF the
commanding general Of Walter
Reed Hospital, has been chosen
Nominating Committee chairman
of the Memorial Chapel Guild OF
the Army Medical Center. Other
committee members are Mrs.
Frank E. Hamilton, Mrs. Monroe
e. Freeman. Mrs. Raymond Ran
dali and Mrs. William w. Nici1ol.
Evening star., 1949-04-21

You can lead a horse to water.
but how can you make him drink
If an automobile is parked smack
In front of the trough?
This was the question involved
In a parking case before Judge
Almond w. Scott In Municipal
Court yesterday.
The case involved Bigelow Boy
sen. "a, former Army major and
attorney. recently returned here
from participating as counsel In
26 German war crimes trials.
Evening star., 1949-04-21
V. D. Proarom on Air

The District Health Depart
ment viii present the l2th pro
gram In its campaign against We
nereal disease at io:4S pm TO-
morrow over Station WwDC.
Evening star., 1949-04-21

But he released the mosorist On
his pledge no; 20 repeat the Of
fense
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1949-04-21

yield, standing inches above that
on the other side.
This sturdy son of the land
does not hold that the world owes
him living, although his wife
is an invalid and two children
are practically so. One son, Bob
by, won trip to the All nation
al meeting at Chicago last fall
for the Virginia record on grow
ing potatoes.
Again, we do not have story
of spectacular success, but story
of a mans job exceedingly well
done. He has shown and is show
ing that the peope of Dickinson
County can live at home. All this
adds up to the story OF good cit
izen, and on such the welfare OF
, this country depends.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1949-04-21
BIRTHDAY PARTY

Iris Fay, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. Grady Baker, celebrated he,
18th birthday Saturday, April 16
with a party at her home.
useful gifts. After number OF
games were played, refreshments
of cookies, candy, ice cream and
Pepsi-Cola were served.
Among those present were Lo-
chiel Hughes, Nancy Smith, Frank
lie Jane Hanover, Betty and Nancy
Baker, Ronald Fleming, Pride
more Fleming, Mary Lea Trivitt,
Glenda Kay Mullins, Gayle Ken
nedy, Louela and Elizabeth Bak-
er, Donald Gale Stanley, Billy
Boggs, Bobby Hylton, Bob Ander-
SON, Louis Fleming, Jill Suther-
land, Bobby Beverly, Nina and
James Edward Baker and Donald
Forish.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1949-04-21

old sport that he is, he made the
most of his hard lot, like attend
ing to the household tasks, field
work, attending to his stock, and
the loneliness he experienced dur
ing the absence of his helpmate.
The Howard Gourley family
had as visitors during Easter the
following relatives and friends
from East Tennessee: MFR. and
Mrs. Bob Holtzclaw of Kings
port, Miss Florence and Bob In
gram of Hampton, and George
.Grindstaff of johnson City.
Asa Mullins and wife, of Logan
County, w. Va, spent Saturday
and Sunday with his parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Lum Mullins. Asa locat
ed in Logan County two or three
years ago and is becoming a sub
stantial citizen of that section.
More than year ago he acquir-
ed spick and span wife, grad
tate nurse and most gracious Of
manner.
Mrs. Lille McFall, aged and re
spected widow of this place, has
been confined to her bed by i'll
ness for several days.
Harlan Keen's small child is
said to be critically i'll with bron
chial pneumonia at the Keen
home at Osborne Gap.
A week ago old timers were
predicting, well not have any
fair weather till after Easter"
The day and night following Eas
ter were cold and windy and
Tuesday morning dawned cloudy
and cold. The old timers might
now explain that they did not
predict how long after Easter it
would be till fair weather would
come.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1949-04-21
A Good Farmer
(From Page One)

low corn that is grown more than
a hundred bushels to the acre.
The principal cash crops are hay,
and tobacco. A little more than
half acre of tobacco brings in
more than $500 year. The hay
crop add $1,000 more to the cash
income. Tidy sums from the sale
Of pigs, potatoes and general
farm produce boost the net to
more than $4,000 a year. Not so
much in dollars, perhaps, but
when you realize that there are
no grocery bills, it amounts to a
lot.
This farmer pays back to the
land for waht he takes from it.
He spreads more than twenty
tons of lime each year and adds a
ton Of high content phophate, in
addition to other fertilizers. He
tells of lespedeza field, half of
which was lined and half of
which was not. A sharp line was
visible running through the field.
On one side grew. the bigger