davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-04-22
Letters to The Star
A Question Of Principle, Net Degree.
senator Taft Tnsisix.

A Question Of Principle, Net Degree.
senator Taft Insistk.
Tt ii. E6s.ss oG TAr ssArs
On Friday. April Is. you pabllShsd an
editorial regarding my advocacy Of q mod
crate program of social welfare legislation,
You say: The trouble with this program Is
in finding q point at which q line can be
drawn that VIII satisfy the people n the
lox income groups Assuming for the
moment that Senator Taft Is r.sht IN I'M
putting complete socialism 70 some Of the
Democratic programs. the best that cali oe
said OF his position is that he offers And
Of limited socialism"
The program which have long favored
is based on q principle which Is not socialism
at aI-that Of Government aid 10 those who
are unable to provide themselves and their
families with the minimum necessities Of
life. This has always been part OF Anglo
Saxon government principle. We have
always recognized the duty OF every COM
munity and State 10 provide relief IN the
form Of food and clothing. We generally
recognize the duty OF the State 70 provide
free medical care for those unable 10 pay
for il. We see this done in every general
hospital In every city in the United States.
While a similar duty has not been generally
recognized in the case Of housing. I see no
and medical care. My program proposes
Federal aid to enable the States 10 do a
more complete JOB in this Ions recognized
field. There is no new principle, except
that OF Federal aid. justified. believe. be-
cause the States do not have the resources
to enable them TO cover the field adequately.
Here Is the Distinction.
The distinction is most clearly seen in
comparing the health proposals. The Pres
idents program OF so-called compulsory
health insurance is really plan TO provloe
free medical care to all the people OF the
United States and pay for it by taxation
This would socialize and nationallZe the
providing of medical care. Our program is
to fill up the gaps in the present system and
constantly improve it. Under the principles
of the Presidents plan. the Government
would soon be providing free medical care.
free food, free clothing and free housing Tor
all the people of the United States. That
would be socialistic state. Under our pro-
gram, that four -fifths of the people who are
able to pay their own way would retain their
liberty and pay for such food. clothing.
medical care and housing as they desired.
instead of having something selected for
them by Government bureau and handed
to them whether they want it or not.
I think it is entirely possible to hold the
line at the point indicate without social
ism. Administration and choice OF policy
should remain with the State and local
authorities Government aid should be
given only to those who cannot pay for 1t.
The aid so given cannot be SO heavy as to
burden unduly the other four -flfths OF the
people who have to pay the taxes to sup
port it, nor must 1t be so high that men
who do not work are better of than those
who do. .
I insist that the difference is not ques-
ton of degree. but definite difference OF
principle. ROBERT A. TAIL
Evening star., 1949-04-22
Abolish the Twilight Zone

The Supreme Courts decision to review
the so-called Pentagon buS-fare contro-
versy opens a new chapter in the long
story of confusion and conflict over utilities
control in the Metropolitan Areas twilight
zone" This zone gives rise TO recurrent
jurisdictional disputes among regulatory
agencies of the District, the States ana
the Federal Government. And IT has
resulted In some instances in complete
failure to regulate public utilities that
ought to be regulated. W.
District Court Judge Holtzoh described
the Pentagon fare case as "norrloie
contest for Jurisdiction between two regu-
latory bodies" contest In which the
Capital Transit Company was caught
between millstones" The company was
confronted with conflicting orders by the
Interstate Commerce Commission and the
District Public Utilities Commission, the
former directing the company to honor
reduced Joint fare ticket for Pentagon
employees and the latter instructing it to
charge full bus fares for all patrons,
wherever they may work. A three-judge
court held that the ICC was without
Jurisdiction, since Capital Transit buses no
longer serve the Pentagon and hence are
not in interstate commerce across the
river.
Whatever the Supreme Court may ulti-
mately decide in this particular case, the
problem will still remain OF regulating
buses and taxicabs which operate in the
yeritable no mans land of utilities control
within the Metropolitan Area. When the
Arnold busline wanted to increase fares
and change routes between Arlington ana
Washington some time ago, the only agency
to which it could apply was the 1CC. Yet
1t is doubtful that Congress ever intended
the ICC to be burdened with such purely
local ate-fixing problems as these. AS for
taxicabs that venture across the DISTRICT
line, there is no agency Except possibly
the ICCl with authority to fix rates for
projections of cab users. The authority OF
the respective utilities commissions OF the
District Maryland and Virginia stops at
the District line.
It is to remedy this jurisdictional void
that the Interfederation Council has voted
to appeal to Congress for creation OF a
commission to study the problem on
broad front and recommend possible
solutions. The councils proposal has the
full support of The Star. Such COM
mission of inquiry might find that it would
be feasible and advisable to create an
overall public utilities agency for the
Metropolitan Area, specifically authorized
by regional compact to handle utility cases
of twilight-zone nature. The Star believes
that the situation in general is, as Judge
Holtzoff said in the Pentagon case, "hor-
rible" enough to warrant thorough study
by special commission of the sort advo-
Gated by the Interfederation Council.
Evening star., 1949-04-22
Two Negroes Speak

Paul Robson has SO faithfully identified
himself with the Communist propaganda
line over such long period of time that
there is nothing new or startling left for
him to say. Still, this son of slave, risen
to high place in the America he scorns,
is able to make the headlines.
The Negro baritone did it again at the
Paris meeting of the Communist-ridden
World Congress Of the Partisans Of Peace
Mr.. Robson said that American Negroes
would never fight the Soviet Union. ut
is unthinkable," he went on, that Ameri-
can Negroes would go to war on behalf
of those who have oppressed us for gen.
erations" against country which in one
generation has raised our people to the
full dignity of mankind"
That was headline stuff in most news
papers At about the same time, back In
the United States, another Negro was
speaking. There were no headlines for
him in the daily press But Emmett e.
Dorsey, acting head of Howard University's
Department of Government in the absence
of DR.. Ralph Bunche, had something to
say that was at least as important as
Mr.. Robeson's remarks.
Mr. Dorsey, who studied in Russia In
1885, was quoted by the weekly Pitts
burgh Courier as saying: "The humblest
colored man who lives today in the most
backward county of the State of Missis-
sippi, the Nations most backward polity,
actually has a more optimistic outlook,
personally, than any person now living
under the Stalinist dictatorship of the
Russian Soviet Republics"
OF course, Mr.. Dorsey is under no illu-
sions as to the extent of racial discrimina-
ton in this country. But neither is he
bemused by propaganda praise of condi-
tions in Russia.
"In the Soviet system, he declared there
is no such thing as civil rights or individual
options. There is absolutely no such thing
as racial penalization in Russia but, in
stead, complete civil equality and racial
equality-only that this also means that
the absence of racism is supervened by
the presence of complete and official
personal slavery with reference to the
state, for every Soviet citizen"
This is an age in which free men,
including the American Negro, must decide
where they will stand. 1t Is also an age
in which the propaganda lie is employed,
deliberately and skilfully, in a struggle for
control of mems minds. 1t Is too bad that
at such a time the Robesons get the head
lines and the Dorseys do not
Evening star., 1949-04-22
Confusion's Masterpiece

Justice Jackson presumably was having
q little fun at the expense OF his associates
when he said that the Supreme Court must
have made It's latest Nevada divorce ruling
TO illustrate how confusion now hath
made its masterpiece" in the Law 0!
domestic relations. But whatever the real
motive OF the court in deciding this most
recent case, II can hardly be denied that
the legal status of the "quickie" divorce
In this country Is about as muddled as
anything possibly could be.
The court was dealing with the rival
claims of two women TO real estate which
had been owned in Connecticut by one
Herbert N. Rice. In 1914 Rice went of TO
Reno and divorced his wife, Lillian, TO
whom he had been married for twenty
years. Then he summoned his wife-to-be,
Hermoine. to come TO Nevada, and they
were married there three weeks after the
divorce from Lillian.
Six months later Rice died, leaving this
tangled situation behind him; Hermoine
had been his legal wife, after the divorce,
In all States. In Nevada she was his lawful
widow. But in Connecticut Lillian was able
to attack the validity of the Reno divorce,
SO far as the real estate was concerned on
jurisdictional grounds. The courts there
decided in her favor, she gets the real
estate, and, in effect, becomes the lawful
widow in the Nutmeg State. What the
Supreme Court has done is to put its stamp
of approval on this muddled state of
the law.
As Justice Jackson rather tartly points
out, this permits Rice "to have a wife
who cannot become his widow and to leave
a widow who was no longer his wife"
Certainly the law on this subject is in q
deplorable state now, and it is going to
get worse unless way is found to grant
full recognition to bargain-counter d.
vorces, or, preferably, to outlaw them for
the future.
Evening star., 1949-04-22
Chinu's Tragedy Deepens

The resumption of what looks like full
scale civil war in China deepens the COM
pleX and chronic tragedy of that unhappy
land. 1t should be remembered that the
present struggle between Communists and
Nationalists comes as the climax to nearly
four decades of domestic turmoil, compli
Gated by foreign intervention. China has
never known genuine peace and stability
since the revolution of 1911, when the
decadent Manchu dynasty was overthrown.
The aim of the revolutionary leaders,
headed by DR.. Sun Yat-sen, was to trans
form ramshackle Oriental empire into
nation-state along western lines. This,
however, necesSitated concurrent trans
formations political, economic, and above
all, ideological-of the most profound
character. Perhaps, without the Japanese
invasion, the experiment would have sue
ceeded. Failure of the Nationalist govern
ment to unity and pacify huge, disparate
and disorganized country implies not
merely the collapse of political regime
but also defeat of the original Chinese
revolution. For triumph of communism
spells the imposition of new tyranny far
harsher and more efficient than that of
the Manchus with the added evil that 1t
is inspired and directed by a foreign
power, Soviet Russia
The uneasy truce that has existed since
January has been a period OF obscure
negotiations between the contending
parties. The victorious Communists
stayed their hand in the hope of obtaining
what amounted to unconditional sur
render, thereby enabling them to take
over South China without fighting for It,
They speculated on the sagging morale
of the Nationalist troops, inf1ationary
economic chaos, and widespread popular
yearning for peace at almost any price.
1t is difficult to estimate how much hope
the Nationalist negotiatorS had in Com
munist willingness to make any sort OF
compromise. At any rate, the Communist
ultimatum, followed by a fresh military
offensive, has opened all eyes to the grim
fact that the Communists will be satisfied
with nothing less than complete mastery
Thereby the Nationalist faction headed
by Chang Kai-Shek, which is pledged to
fight to the bitter end, is vindicated and
will presumably form the backbone of
resistance to the Communist offensive, in
coordination with local Communist
leaders such as the powerful Moslem
chieftains of Northwest China and semi
autonomous warlords in the south.
Just how elective this resistance win be-
remains to be seen. Also. it must be
understood that Chinese politics are tortu-
GUS and NAV at any moment produce sur
prisirg developments. Excluding the pos
sihility of some new political twist, the
outlook is for a confused and sprawling
conflict spreading gradually southwark
and westward Even with their superior
military power. the Communists conquest
of the remaining half of China viii pre-
sumably be difficult. Lack OF comnunica-
tions, immense distances and enormous
populations present logisti- and strategic
problems not easy TO solve. The course of
events usually moves more slowly In China
than elsewhere. The one cersain tnine y
Evening star., 1949-04-22
Attention, All Gas Stations.
Simplify Life for Your Patrons

Driving into a service station and getting
near a gasoline pump is not always a simple
procedure. After maneuvering through traf-
nc to reach a station. a motorist frequently
finds one or more cars facing him on each
side of the pumps. II he waits for one side
TO clear. there is a $3.50 chance that other
cars will drive in-in back OF those already
there. The surest method is TO turn around
If possible. drive out Of the station. and come
in the other entrance.
Busy company and private stations and
customers would benefit If Enter" and
Exit signs with large arrows were posted
for each lane at the pumps. thereby eiimi-
mating undue congestion and rufIied tempcrs
and thus contributing to a more efficient
distribution of gas and oil
ROBERT l.. BURCH,
Evening star., 1949-04-22
New Hompshire PIowina

sooH the sharp shaye Of the piop
VIII turn the acres. iaiior Hou
Faryotrs. deep and straight. Vfn rEa
Beneath the geld are Of the sag.
LET the secret mole bexars
The probing shaypness Of ths shavs
Men ntii plant abHndGns seed
Against the hour Of their need.
Rush Of rain and snn toos affsy
viii fall apon the fields hehs ianShter
And life. confirming mans BELIEF.
WIN put forth the cvseasag ieaf
HARRY EIMORE AuRU.
Evening star., 1949-04-22
Broke on Spending Needed

With appropriations continuing to out
run expected revenues, senatorial adyo-
Gates of economy have good cause to go
into q huddle. In desperation, they are
considering an effort to revive the "legisla-
tive budget" plan which has proved SO
disappointing in practice. Under the
Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946,
Congress was required early in each session
to adopt budget, beyond which appro-
priations were not supposed to go. But
the plan has proved to be unsatisfactory,
chiefly because the legislators have found
1t almost impossible to make accurate
estimates of expenditures before hearings
on departmental needs were completed.
Senator George, chairman of the Senate
Finance Committee apparently believes
that there is a better chance Of success
now than in the past, because the House
already has passed nine of the main
appropriation bills. This will furnish the
basis for round-figure guess at the final
appropriation total. Senator Byrd told the
visiting editors that this years deficit will
top $500, 100000. That so many of the
larger appropriation bills have been
through the House mill early in the session
Is a tribute to the farsightedness of Rep
resentative Cannon, chairman of the
House Appropriations Committee, who has
instituted a simultaneous hearing" plan.
BY limiting membership on subcommittee,
MIR. Cannon has been able to keep several
appropriation hearings going at one time.
Formerly, when members served on more
than one important subcommittee, hear
ings frequently were delayed at the request
of members preoccupied with other
hearings.
Even though Senator Georges move
should fail of its purpose, the gesture
toward putting the brakes on appropria-
tions is reassuring to those who will have
to bear the tax burdens later. There has
been too much blind apnropriating in
recent years, without sufficient considera-
tion of how the deficits are going to be
met. Under the urge of one emergency
after another, the disposition has been to
spend today and think about paying the
bills tomorrow If practicable legislative
budget plan can be worked out, Congress
will have some idea of what unbridled
spending means and how much revenue
will have to be dug up to take care of IT
Whatever the outcome of the budget
n,an, Congress would do well to consider
Evening star., 1949-04-22
'Te taas Ras3 ssss u Zes ss&z

MRS. PATRICIA LovgiTss
Ts lie E&4sef as yos ss4s
Il Is depressing indeed to think that N
this enliFhtsned ase Gre mast be called
upon 70 come 10 the defense ot life is@I-~
the lie O. man best friend. taF loyal se1f-
Sacrifelng oog, Hardly 3 day goes by but
that the press records the heroiSm and self.
immoiatlon G! these kind. 1eyoas cornpan-
ions,
You can mistyeat q dos. starVe him and
worse stiIl. ignore him. but when you heaye
in sight there Is that spontaneously happy
greetlng-the romping bark or the fast
wagging tail. Unless he Is Sex he is in-
variaely the same loyal receptlonisi down
10 his last breath. Compare him with the
two-legged animals II this most important
respect and the latter are put 10 shame,
I wish had the time and you had the
space in which 10 recount the happiness al
toroed me by pets down through the years
The love in boy heart and IN has ewes
for his Skippy or Prince is a beautiful tEIng
TO see. the Lad not caring about blood og
breed or looks. But what can you expect
from men who have joked and laughed over
the cadayer which was being carved in the
medical school? A dog~~your pet or my pet
which may have found lis way 10 the pound
lis 10 them Just something TO S!cken TO
bruise. 10 MAIN. or TO kill In order that they
may bloat and gloat Personally, Id rather
go through the experience called death than
continue to live at the expense Of one mon
grels life. And ! say this in profound Seri-
business
Our Creator spoke to those spiritually
minded enough 10 hear: Thou shalt not
kill'-and there's a period after that COM
mand 1t does not say except pets for
medical research AGafn 'sI'Nn,a f,A1r .,FAf
hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain d"
But the doctor says Tut. tut"
Some months ago saw the most revoltinr
motion pictures ii has ever been my m4SfoT~
tune to behold. Experimentation at an aero
nautical center to determine the result Of
crash injury was the excuse for daShlng 10
their deaths 10 cats in order that they might
be dissected TO see what had happened TO
their bodies. The defenseleSS dumb animals
had been anestheti2ed and strapped to the
instrument of destruction. ! defy any med
ical man TO tell me OF one human life which
has been saved by such slaughter ] came
away sick to my stomach. vowing that
could only be appeased by taking the med
ical men responsible for 1t. binding them TO
like torture instrument and dashing out
their lives in the same manner. AT any rate
more information cbuld be gained by using
human beings than could be obtained by
using cats, which are as dear TO some per-
sons as dogs are TO me.
But let us not worry too much about the
punishment for these brutal medical scien-
fists. There is One who knows and sooner
or later will cali them TO account individ-
ually. just as surely as He is going TO call
this world TO account for the slaughter OF
untold millions in the earth's bloodiest war
w. ID. GARVEY.
Evening star., 1949-04-22
Favors Keeping Roosevelt High
For White Students Coming Up"
To the Editor OF The Star,

To The EDITOR ei Ihe star:
The Negro Teachers Union, Local 81, OF
the American Federation of Labor. recently
suggested that Theodore Roosevelt High
School be transferred to the Negro division
of the school system. Understandably
enough. the Negro teen-agers Of Washington
need more adequate high school facilities.
However, as a senior at Roosevelt, I feel that
the School Board would be making a big
mistake IN approving the suggestion.
In their letter. the teachers gave several
reasons why the schools status should be
changed. One OF these was the fact that
Spingarn. the purposed building. viii be
poorly located Since Roosevelt is situated
in white neighborhood some distance
away from the edge OF the coIored section
1t too would be in poor location.
The people of the neighborhood where
Roosevelt is located recently voted against
the admittance OF Negro families in Pet
worth residential districts Their attitude
would be even stronger as result Of the
suggestion. and Washington's Negro citizens
would stand very little chance OF accept
ance by the petworth citizens or other
groups who have expressed similar attitudes
against the minority group.
Perhaps the teachers union selected
Roosevelt because Of its comparatively small
enrolment approximately 300 pupils In
a building designed for 20oo). Despite the
fact that high school students are scarce in
the Roosevelt area. the enrolment OF the
elementary and junior high schools Is climb
ing steadily. These younger students eventu-
ally VIII enter Roosevelt. taking the place OF
the seniors who are graduating. The other
high schools in the Northwest-C Coolidge
Central and Wilson--are filled and viii con-
tinue TO be filed. Therefore. these schools
viii be unable 10 care for the students who
at present are destined to attend Roosevelt.
Rather than deprive present-day RHS
students. as well as those Of the future. of
the advantages OF our splendid school. / sug-
gest that immediate steps be taken to make
Spingarn High School available TO cclored
students. Both groups viii be happier going
to schools nearer their respective neighbor-
hoods. Hv
Evening star., 1949-04-22
Eloquence in Appreciation
OF a Worthy Senator

To the Editor Of The Star:
What Congress needs. what our Govern
ment needs, what our Nation needs in its
small business, its big business its commerce,
it's agriculture, its education, its press. its
police departments, it's Army, it's Navy. its
Air Force. its labor unions. its workmens
groups, in fact in the daily life of any and
every group in the American scene today
is--more Robert A, ,Taftsl t.,lu 81 r -
In other words men dedicated to the pres
ervation Of the American way OF life. en-
bodied in the Constitution Of the United
States of America: honest men who fear
lessy perform their daily work; noble men,
who with integrity, strive constantly to make
a daily choice Of the good aspiring men
who with clean hands, may reach upward
for the highest honor and who because they
are In themselves (this is true in the case
of Senator Taft bigger and better than the
party that contains them. be refused this
highest honor humble men, to whom defeat
is an upward rung; superb men. who by
their very nature must stand in the center
surrounded and outnumbered by monde
script group who have no integrity. no honor.
no moral code, whose highest motives are
the glorification OF self. who have no graft
tude to our forefathers for the heritage OF
freedom which they bequeathed to us, who
have no sense of duty to hold aloft this
priceless treasure for those who come after
us, but who do have rabid hatred OF the
American way Of life and will use any means
to poison the core, cripple the heart and
paralyze the limbs Of this our Nation. the
greatest nation on the face Of the earth.
I hope that from the center on which
Senator Taft so firmly stands there viii
arise, God willing, a shaft of light that will
permeate America and be an everlasting
beacon to men Of goodwill all over the world
GEORGE SPELVIN.
Evening star., 1949-04-22
BY THE HAsKrN SERVICE

@ How is the Temple orange pFodueedf
Where did II originate?~-J. d
A.. The Temple orange. hybrid Is q cross
between an orange type and tangerine type.
1t originated and is grown mainly in Florida
The Temple orange was named in honor Of
DR.. Temple. a prominent fruit grower.
Evening star., 1949-04-22

Letters fcr publication s&S. hesr
ths signature ss6 e61ress Of .As
ie-sssT. elthoash 1. Is psrrsasiA.s fas
g~tte- kno@s 10 The s.ar 20 Ess
acrs de psa~e. Please be h~sef