davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-06-14
They Must Answer-Or Else

When Hollywood screenwriters refused
before the House Un-American Activities
Committee to answer the question whether
or not they were Communists, there was
lot of public soul-searching as to the rights
of citizens under the Constitution.
The United States Court of Appeals has
affirmed the lower court decision that peo-
pie who are called before committee OF
Congress had best answer the question or
suffer the penalties of refusal.
Justice Bennett Clark, writing the opin-
ion cites the numerous forms in which the
Constitutional issue has been raised In re-
cent cases touching on this refusal TO an
swer Here is how he sums it all up: !
%. The combined rationale Of all these
recent decisions as to this very committee
(the House Un-American Activities Com
mittee) leave 1t no longer subject to the
slightest doubt that the committee was
and is constitutionally created, that 1t
functions under valid statute and reSolu-
ton which have repeatedly and without
exception been upheld as constitutional,
that the question under inquiry by the
committee was proper, that the power or
inquiry includes power to summon wit
ness before the committee to disclose
whether or not he is Communist, and
that failure or refusal of witness so to
disclose is properly punishable -. To this
we need only add that these particular
cases offer the best possible application Of
the principles of law restated above :. :"
None of the Hollywood people has gone
to Jail yet. But those who were contending
that nobody ever would go to jail for re-
fusing to say whether or not he belonged
to the Communist Party should ask unani-
nous permission to revise and extend their
remarks
Evening star., 1949-06-14

only 10 per cent higher than that fixed
in the pay act Of 19os-the last time there
was a general realignment Of the military
salary structure.
This discriminatory treatment of the
higher officers Is damaging to morale and
it has led to the designations Of many good
officers who can see no future for them
selves in military life. General Bradley is
authority for the statement that the Army
is seriously threatened with second-rate
leadership as result of past neglect of
officers pay. The new pay bill will help
to correct some of the injustices, but it
does not go far enough. Further amends
will be necessary If the threat foreseen by
General Bradley LIS to be effectively
countered.
Evening star., 1949-06-14
A Plea for Caution
About Driving when Sleepy.


To the Editor Of The Star:
Mrs. Mary Sneed's letter in The Star came
to my notice at time when fatal highway
collision I witnessed was fresh In my
memory While hitchhiking on Route 40 In
eastern Ohio. came upon a three-car col
lision, looked at the injured. and cautioned
the others tnone Of whom were themselves
entirely unscathed) against moving the
two critical cases, then ran TO farmhouse
and called q doctor. One OF the worst cases
was moved anyway: that one died. and
watched him expire under the very fyes OF
his agonized wife and daughter. BY the time
the doctor arrived, the man was gone.
An ambulance came. and In tt and the
car had been riding In. we assisted nve OF
the mine other victims to the nearest hospital
ls miles away. On subsequent inquiry. we
found that the entire tragic affair Was caused
by one Of the drivers. who had fallen asleep
at the wheel during q Memoriai-day week
end vacation trip.
Let this be an object-lesson about driving
while drowsy. Take no chances! That's rs
dangerous as driving while drunk. Pun over
70 the side Of the road. II nothing else ayails.
and set the brake The life you saye n1aJ
not only be your own. II may be that OF
someone ineffably precious 10 you and yours
and nearly all lives are precious % soane-
one.
On this occasion would also like to get
I'm a piug for the repudistion Of double
holiday wsskends. ~ shtfttng n 1eAsdU
Evening star., 1949-06-14
A Move Toward Equity

The modified Army Mayfair Force pay
bill approved by the House Armed Services
Committee will probably have smoother
sailing in the House than Its rejected
predecessor. The new bill has been shaped
to satisfy both the economy advocates and
the critics Of what is loosely termed the
brass" Consequently, 1t does not provide
for the balanced type Of pay-scheoule
overhaul recommended by the Hook Com
mission. But it is a step In the right dlrec-
ton. If this compromise measure Is
passed, a further readjustment Will be
necessary in the future to assure equitable
treatment for the higher ranks as well as
the lower ones.
Under the revised bill everybody will get
o. raise, but the higher officers will receive
substantially smaller ones than were called
for in the original Kilday measure. Thus,
q brigadier general would receive about 81
per cent more than he draws under the
1908 pay law, instead of the 49.5 per cent
increase he would have had under the
defeated bill Other increases will vary
by grades, down to a per cent increase
for enlisted men, It was the rising trend
of percentages for higher ranks that pro-
voked the storm of opposition in the House
to the former bill. Yet there is no way
to eliminate the pay inequities which now
sfiict the officer ranks without giving the
officers sufficient increases to make up
for the way they have been pushed around
in the past. Pay of enlisted men has gone
up several hundred per cent In the past
forty years-as It should have-but gen.
erals and admirals are still drawing pay
Evening star., 1949-06-14
Our Economic Outlook

About the only thing clear in the ma
tional economy Is that there now seems to
be no need whatever for the "anti-inf1a-
ton" program the President recommended
last January. Indeed, the outlook is such
that his Council of Economic Advisers is
reported to be weighing the wisdom OF
undertaking measures designed to check
the current "disinfiation" before it devel-
ops into deep recession or depression.
In some circles, the situation is begin
ming to stir up cries of alarm. At the mo-
ment the cries have to do chiefly with
employment trends. The Census Bureau
has reported $3.50 900 jobless as of May IA,
an increase of 273,O over the preceding
month. But among the more pessimistic
observers there are those who believe that
the figure Is considerably higher than that
and that it will grow to dangerous pro-
portions unless something is done to head
OF falling sales and declining production
in many businesses and industries.
There can be no doubt that the growing
number of employed-coupled with such
things as the depressed stock market,
sharply contracted bank credit to private
borrowers, falling OF in consumer
spending and cutbacks in industrial out
puts symptomatic of substantial eco
nomic showdown. II the Census Bureaus
figures are reasonably accurate, however,
they do not warrant undue alarm. Now
that high school and college students are
seeking summer work, the total may be in
the neighborhood of 100000, but Gov
ernment economists nevertheless believe
that June and July may show the gain
fully employed totaling more than
sc, 600, 600.
On their face, such figures hardly sug-
gest that we have critical unemployment
problem on our hands. The Census Bu-
reau's accuracy has been challenged, how
ever. For example, In the opinion OF
Americans for Democratic Action, the
number Of jobless Ii approaching 5000, 600
and the Nation win head into disaster
unless steps are taken right away to pep
up business with Federal spendins. But
Evening star., 1949-06-14
This and That
,Bu Charles Z. Trdce,Deu

The Templeton Jones had their daughter 8
picture painted the other day.
Getting a portrait in oils is still rather
startling to the average American.
It is not something done every day. There
is q difference between O painting and
snap shot.
whereas the camera is elevated and the
shutter tripped more or less without thought,
in every day life. the oil painting done by
a professional is something else again.
Usually it is a once-in-a-lifetime propo-
sition.
Mary Jones is pretty. slim blond. with
corn-fower blue eyes.
Her classic features seem to be made
for painting.
There is an elfin look to her, too. rather
difficult to catch.
Templeton Jones wondered If any one
could, The artist is different from the
camera. The latter is thing Of glass and
steel. 1t works according to certain laws.
Even q camera. however, takes" both good
and bad pictures.
Every one has noticed it. Today 1t il
generally accepted that some persons are
photogenic, as they say. That Is the ex-
PLANTATION. at any rate.
The artist had little Mary come to the
studio.
The Jones discussed the affair at great
length.
"Now. nv DEAR" said Templeton Jones.
"You must be firm. II you honestly do pot
like the thing. after it is done. you must say
so That is the only way"
Mrs. Jones agreed She indicated that
she would be as infiexible as stone wall.
The painting would have to look like Mary
,0f Tn hn arrAntaN
There was the usual period OF waiting.
The sittings were accomplished, the days
rolled by. and at last 1.-The" day came.
This was to be the presentation Of the
painting of their only daughter. Mary. the
blue-eyed. elin child Of grace.
Templeton Jones was not at home when
the picture was delivered.
Mrs. Jones had to bear the brunt all by
herself (She often does.)
The smiling painter unveiled the painting.
Mrs. Jones looked
And at once her heart sank.
It was splendid. 1t had the hair. and the
features-well, most of them-correctly. but
those eyes!
They were not the eyes Of Mary Jones,
and that was that.
-
Mrs. Jones smiled feebly.
1T is very NICE" she said. But the eyes"
'"The eyesa" queried the painter. coldly.
THE eyes"
And what pray. is wrong with the eyes?"
So Mrs Jones told exactly what she
thought was wrong with Mary's eyes in the
painting.
When Templeton came home. he was dis
appointed, too, and in exactly the same way
The eyes were not the eyes Of Mary Jones.
- -
The neighborhood children. Mary's play
mates. were called in TO- pass Judgment.
Those infiexible judges were not to be tam
pered with: they one and all said 1T doesn't
look like Mary"
When the painter appeared again and was
told the result Of the impromptu Judgment
of the children, the thing appeared TO be
settled.
At this precise moment the door bell rang.
and little Anna Belle Smith rushed in.
oh" she gurgled with her usual en-
thusiasm Whats wonderful picturei Why.
It looks exactly like Mary! 1t liz perfecti
would recognize her anywhere"
The artist smiled blandly.
"You See" said the artist.
Anna Bell, with her usual aplomn. had
come La at Just the wrong time. and said
precisely the wrong thing. Anna Bels u
that way.
Evening star., 1949-06-14
by THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

@ Was there q public demonstration of
electric telegraphy earlier than the line
between Washington and Baltimore in is4t'
R ~. %.
A. The earliest practical trial of electric
txiegraphy was made in EpglAnd on ths
London and Northwestern Railway In 1877.
The frst public line vas opened on the
Ores. Western Railway In iS41 besstss
Paddingson and Slough.
@. What was the nationality Of Capt KIDD.
the famous plrate7--T. u.
A. Can't. william Kidd Was born about
1850. the son Of o Scottish wanistsv. Al
though he was hanged ~ pirate. TIE ehafEe
Of piracy was nsver definitely proved against
him and authorities nov seriously eoSos
whether he vas . pirate NJ all
@ Please compare the ARIA and pcvsla.
ton of the United States and The United
Kingdomg-D. q. p.
ASTne area Of the Unlsed States 10 about
~ times that Of the United Kingdom Shiss
the population of the United States u AirSo1
three times that os the Unissd kingdefsA
According 20 the latest census figures, tfe
density Of population In tas United States
N <A7 per square mile, while Thai os ths
United Kingdom Ia sis3 peT square raiss
q. Hcw many posi- cfscss wsss usTs wsAsn
BENJAMIN Franklin wss appointed 90 nsS
arH Postmaster G~neTaIf~-I w. Y.
A. There wsTe only rs In tsas entire efEaa-
Try, and the mails wsrs carried oveT less taAn
7eoo miles Of roada Esen ~ aais 40 isi7
there weTe but four CLERKS In TIA Posi- Once
st New York and part IL thesr eoxnpsrssa-
ton was board stsn ths postmaster.
q where 10 tia River Aftan. shot1t sssseh
the sonx "Fsow oenfiy. swest Aftnn. ~as
wvitten7--w Z, H.
A. 4Tne Assoa. tire river TwfsgTsd 10 IN
.Yscw Gently. swess Afson.- 10 o stream ~
Scotland In Southeastern AyFkhsrs. u Fsses
near the Junction al thai country sssh Dunn.
srsss ard Kfncaa6. ard nO@s miles ncstM
suso sns HsntA ness hsw cGarzncck CnuEcn- n
Evening star., 1949-06-14
Joint iyiiian-Mnitsry

Joint Civilian Miitary
Control OF Atsm Advocates
To the Koftos Of Ins seay:
What kind OF fools are wei Why SHOULD
there ever be any question % to whether
civilians or the military run the Atcuzsc
Energy Commissicn7 Why should political
bias one way or the other jeopardize cur
countrys safety? Secretary Louis johnson
and David Lilienthal are both wrong.
II should be obvious 10 everybody that .
lot Of informed people are not satisfied with
the present civilian administration Of the
atomic energy program. II 10 equally oo-
yious that lot Of people are afraid 70 trust
the military with this great responsibility
although the same people do trust the Hila-
tary with the JOB Of protecting them from
foreign focal.
Congress should do tsss eommcn-sense and
patrsoeic thing and reereats the Atomic
Energy commission. gfytns civilians ara TIE
military equal representation
ROBERT D0NKKR-
coinrade apginsA Cola.
Evening star., 1949-06-14

forward 10 Tuesday o. backward 10 FRIDAY
II viii have other advantages Sgsch veek-
ends delay the nail-aa6. ID this day Q.
Unemployment ne must eonsaoey hat q
boon 20 job seekers 1, would Dc 4 they wrre
eliminated But the man .vasan FenaAlns
thai they cost lives and injuries
II just one more such needless tragedy
can be prevented hy this item. yoaE space
will De wei invested He who safe drives
saves lives JACK FioDIS
Evening star., 1949-06-14
Letters to The Star

Letters fo- p%hsscafso. ssGs: AeG-
shf sscna:xrf and e66res, % :As
Rcrf.e'. although {: Is permissible fo'
q x-I!c- kroarm to The S:Gr ta sss
O nor. de p4gnss Please hs e'tff
Evening star., 1949-06-14
Visiting Motorists
Should Be Treated Politely


Several days ago saw an automobile. with
Ohio tags. southbound on Wisconsin avenue.
Upon approaching the intersection Of
Massachusetts, avenue. the driver then pro-
ceeded slowly and with caution mot stop
ping. apparently observing the somewhat
complex trafsc lights which direct traffc in
all directions Then came horn blowing BY
the driver Immediately behind this car.
But how would this horn blower feel IL he
were In a strange city. approaching an inter-
section with complex trafiic lights and others
behind him blew their horns because he pro-
ceeded slowly enough TO observe these liah.7
Surely he would resent IT,
Washington attracts people from every
where and thus there always are many out
of-town cars on It's main thoroughfarea
Drivers and pedestrians alike can do mucn
toward contributing TO the convenience and
happiness OF these many visitors BY beng
ever ready TO assist them In every way
giving needed information. directions. etc.
To have these visitors leave here with feel
ing of friendliness and satisfaction and re-
turn home to tell others Of the splendid and
courteous cooperation extended them by
washingtonians In. indeed. Q very great con-
tribution toward the reputation OF Washins-
ton and its people. Washington 10 south OF
the famed Mason Dixon Line and hence
Southern community. Let us an do our part
to uphold the traditional hospitality Of tho
South" by welcoming visitors and passers-by
tor passers-through) with consenial and
courteous ways.
Should we strive hard enough toward this
end. I am sure that. in time. we viii find
ourselves cordially welcomed by others back
in their home States.
ROBERT EMMETT BURKE.
Evening star., 1949-06-14

Though the company of Gerhart Eisler
is denied us from now on, let us take COM
fort in the reflection that our loss Is the
loss of whoever now has this rare char
acter
Evening star., 1949-06-14

A strange ailment now gripping the
United States Senate is diagnosed as fiscal
malaria-a high fever for economy, fol-
lowed by a quick chill on the whole subject.
Evening star., 1949-06-14

Notwithstanding that "today's girl Is
taller, heftier and more muscular" there
still is some percentage in going all limp
and feminine on occasion.
Evening star., 1949-06-14
Questions and Answers

A reader ear Get the sns~sf ~ asp sassfAah ~
fact hy wfslnE TNa Esensps htaf Iafsgasa sieg4
bureau sle ! street NE Wsshtastss e.
PIsass ine3sss skfss ssl esRax tss fstefe pesssts
Evening star., 1949-06-14
Why Not Produce
An Answer 10 Malthus.

An Answer 10 Malthus?
To the Editor Of The Star: -
There appeared In o recent issue OF
The Star a most dire. foreboding. horrend-
GUS editorial about what the world might
expect II Its population continued 70 in
crease at the present rate.
But have just learned from Haskin that
scientists can produce q potable. thirst
quenching water from hydrogen and oxygen.
That being the case why cannot scientists
take lot Of hydrogen. oxygen. nitrogen. and
carbon. throw them into q receptacle. maybe
q retort. and produce q proteid. thereby
confounding Thomas Nautilus and giving the
world a chance to thumb Its nose at drought.
famine and Starvation ARDOR.
Editors Note: The editorial In ques-
ton specifically referred to such promis-
ing possibilities as the atoms revealing
the secret Of photosynthesis and thus
opening the way to the production OF vir-
tually limitless supplies OF food
Evening star., 1949-06-14
How Farry Televisien
May BE Corrected lnexpensiveiy


Perhaps you are one @: thoss fortunate
individuals ~ho lives far enough away from
a main thoyoughfAre 10 avoid much os The
fuEZineSs which appears on many televIxion
screens, But in our downtown areaS eSpe-
cially. and 10 a lesser degree near the main
thoroughfares further out. you seem forced
TO tolerate q condition for which. after all
there is q simple remedy. Your ieleSisaon
set is very sensitive and wonderful gadge,
and with II you will have many hours O!
pleaSure-out, II your picture is junpy with
streaks and spots across the screen your
pleasure is marred
The primary cause Of this fuxxiness is your
own automobile and many others like IT, as
well as most trucks and buses ali broadcast
Ing on the same channel as your televiSion
station. The spark which ign,tes the Gas,
generates q radio wave and when many
such sparks are in operation simultaneously,
the result Is q hash Of interference which
even the strongest television station viii not
penetrate completely.
II you are in doubt OF this. so 10 any tele-
vision dealer in the downtown AREA and
ask for q demonstration Of q teleyiSion set
The chances are that he viii apologize for
the poor quality Of the picture and tell you
that you can expect TO get better results with
",
this usually Is true. II you live near q main
thorcughfare. however. your televtsion pic
ture probably is far from perfect.
Radio communications In aircraft must be
maintained because they are vital to safety
All aircraft equipped with radio are also
equipped to suppress the noise from the
spark plugs. Although the equipment neces-
sary to suppress spark plug ignition noise in
aircraft is relatively fancy and expensive, II
need not be SO in your automobile.
For a nominal fee you can have suppress
sors installed IN your car. This should elimi-
nate as much as 90 per cent of interference
caused by your car At present there is one
company manufacturing spark plugs with
built-in suppressors. AS soon as there Is q
real demand for them. others undoubtedly
will follow.
In England. there are laws which REQUIRE
radio noise suppressors not only on auto
ignition systems but also on household cleo
trical appliances which are another source.
though minor. Of interference In this coun-
try. we resent coercion and regulation: and
that Is as 1t should be. When we know there
Is q problem. and the means OF solution Is
at hand we prefer to act voluntarily.
Let's clean UP the fuzz on our television
so that We can enjoy crisp clear. steady
pictures. Ask your garage man how TO do IT,
FRANK Y. SPEIGHT.
The Nome nugget., 1949-01-10
Vote For President
 Deadlocks Special Session Senate
Continued from Page One,

Continued from Page One re r. roI.e the b2S!c revenue mea- sures through the House even though the Senate remains stale me.ed over choosing a president.
 Other provisions of the income tax measure included:
 Non-Alaska workers and firms doing business in the Territory would be subject to the 10 per cent portion of the federal income tax directly attributable to Terri torial operations or sources. This would apply to shipboard workers, for instance, whose taxes would De withheld for the number of days they spent in Territorial ports. Employers would report quarterly, but the individual would life tax statement when he filed his federal income tax form.
 The general property tax pro- vides for first filings April Is, and Jan. IS thereafter. Municipalities and school districts would be re- sponsible for collecting the tax and half the collections would go to them for school purposes. ! The Territory would collect in ~utside areas. A flat $500 valua- ton was fixed for unpatented unimproved mining claims and producing patented claims where improvements were useless through deterioration. An excep- ion was made where such ground was used for other purposes. There was a $200 exemption for household furnishings.
 A board of assessment of three members from each division would be named by the governor for aggered six-year terms. It would provide. full and true value" assessments.
 Members would draw Sl5 daily plus travel expenses.
The Nome nugget., 1949-01-10
Monday. January 10. l949

Indications were growing today that the Democrats will switch candidates in an effort to break the Senate presidency stalemate which has persisted since the spe- cial ses; ion was called to order Is week.
 STne names of Frank Peratrovich of ne First and Howard Lyng of Nome have been mentioned most f"equen ly as possible candidates
 n might be able to pull at least the one Republican vote needed to break the three-Gay deadlock.
 The Republicans insist, how nver. heir ranks will stand firm and the next move must come from the Democrats if they want to break the log jam. The division is eight eight, along party lines between Republican Charles Jones of Nome and Democrat Victor Rivers of Anchorage. Ten ballots have been cast.
 Why are both parties so de CT mined not to yield the presidency to the other?
 Experienced legislators explain ed it this way:
 It's not just honor or prestige involved. The president will be in powerful position to determine the fate of controversial legisla- tion during the closing days of the special session in addition to the general advantage of the president being able to favor colleagues on the floor.
 In the final days of the session there are always bills on which House and Senate conflict. They must go to joint conference com mittee of both branches. That's where the president has the whip hand. Rules provide the confer ence committee must have two members who voted for the dead- locked bill and one who voted
The Nome nugget., 1949-01-10

play off against the other and start again their frustrated journey towards military supremacy. Soviet Trade Policy
 The Times discusses changes in Soviet foreign trade policy.
 Before the war; it says, this policy almost so- atonist. The Russians bought only what they badly needed and could not make at home such as capital equipment but they greatly expanding their trade, especially in Eastern Europe, and it would be wrong to that practical advantages would not to the smaller countries we'll as to Russia
 Here the Times contrasts the Soviet methods with those of Hitlers Germany in the The paper the Russians calculating to raise the general stand ard of living of those countries and also the prestige and popularity of the Soviet Union and of Communist lead ership.