davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-11-04
The Lords Curbed

Now that the British House of Commons
has debated and approved it for the third
time, the Labor governments bill to curb
the House of Lords probably will go into
effect before Christmas. The chief signifi-
canoe of the development-apart from its
long-range constitutional meaning - is
that it makes certain that naturalization
of the iron and steel industry can become
law next spring, before the general election
Up to now, the House of Lords has had
the right to delay final action on Commons
approved legislation for as long as two
years. The bill just enacted, however,
reduces the delaying time to one year.
When first introduced in october of 1947,
the measure was frankly described by
Laborites as being designed to prevent
the Lords from blocking iron and steel
naturalization until the expiration Of the
present Parliament in 1850. Reckoning
with the possibility that the Conservatives
might then be returned to power, the
Attlee government wanted to make sure
that the naturalization would be an
accomplished fact before the election.
Hence the legislative move against the
Lords.
In view of the fact that the Parliament
Act of 1911 stripped the House of Lords
Of virtually all but its two-year delaying
power, this new curb can hardly be re-
garded as sensational or revolutionary
change. Yet many Britons, in addition
to the Conservatives, have vigorously de-
plored it for two reasons: % Because they
view 1t as a rather brazen political maneu-
yer to nationalize iron and steel before
the British voters have chance to speak
in next years election, and (2) because
they dislike this kind of constitutional
tinkering and suspect that 1t may open
the way to additional innovations leading
to single chamber type Of government
that could be harmful to freedom.
Whether these dissenting Britons have
exaggerated or not, even members of the
Labor Party have conceded that n1isgiy-
ings are not altogether unreasonable. The
House Of Lords-whose membership is
largely determined BY heredity-has q
great deal Of talent and experience In t.
Evening star., 1949-11-04

so widespread fire, If fire walls and
alarms were adequate and were function
ing properly -..
An aspect of the fire which deserves
special mention was the fine work of the
Fire Department, once the blaze was dis
covered and alarms sounded. All specta-
tors were impressed by the obviously
efficient way in which the various units
responded and went into action. The toll
of injured fremen attests the courage of
the men. And, speaking of courage, the
telephone operators who refused to leave
the switchboard should not be forgotten.
They set good example of selfiess public
service.
Evening star., 1949-11-04
CIO Cleans House

Not many years ago 1t would have been
almost worth the life of an outsider to
call CIO union leaders liars hypocrites
=. foreign agents pinks, punks and
parasites. If such detractor had escaped
with his scalp, he certainly would have
been denounced with vengeance as a
Red batter and labor hater
But, as some one has observed, times
change. A few days ago, on the CIO con-
vention floor, these epithets and others
almost as strong were heaped on the heads
Of left-wing unionists-and not by Red
baiters but by official spokesmen for the
C1O. The occasion was the expulsion from
the CIO of the Communist-dominated
United Electrical Workers and Farm EQUIP
ment Workers, and the adoption of a
constitutional amendment barring Com
munists and fellow travellers" from mem
bership on the CIO executive board.
This Is quite swing around for the CIO,
which has been less than an enthusiastic
supporter of loyalty purges" and the
various campaigns against fellow travellers
and Communist organizations. Just
what, for instance, Is the CIO definition
OF a fellow traveller, and what is to be
the method of barring one from the execu-
tive board?
These surface inconsistencies aside how
ever, the evident determination of the CIO
to get rid of the Communists in its ranks
should be welcomed. With some ten addi-
tional left-wing unions scheduled for pos
siole expulsion, a battle royal is in the
of11ng-with the left-wingers trying to
hold their members and the CIO trying
to lead the rank-and-file back into the
fold. Certainly the great majority of the
100000 members, more or less, In the
left-wing unions are not Communists or
Communist sympathizers. They have been
bamboozled by their party-line leaders
And 1t will be better for them, and better
for the country, If they can be brought
back into the CIO.
Evening star., 1949-11-04

BY delay deliberation and the amendment
process it has in the past frequently i'm
proved upon legislation rushed through
Commons. In curbing its strictly limited
powers still further, Mr.. Attlee and his
government, though serving their own
political ends, conceivably may be hurting
Britain in the long run.
Evening star., 1949-11-04
Another Argument
For Federal Union
To the Editor Of The Star:

During the past week, which contained
the fourth anniversary Of the United Ma
tions, we heard great deal Of lip service
paid to the sacred ideals Of international
politics, human rights" world brother
hood Of man." international understanding
and cooperation" from our great states
men" Of the day. But these cliches mean
nothing except when implemented by q con-
crete plan Of action.
invite attention to the fact that no al
lance by treaty. charter, compact or other
agreement formed by and between sovereign
governments ever was made which was not
followed by war either among the parties
thereto or with the members of one or more
other such alliances. The League Of Ma
tions ended In war among its members, the
same fate befell the parties to the Kellogg
BRAND Pact. the Holy Alliance the Triple
Entente, the Little Entente, and scores Of
others. Even the 13 American Colonies as
parties to the Articles Of Confederation, de-
spite all the things they had In common,
were hghting among themselves when the
Constitutional Convention met in Phila-
delphia In 1857. The only thing that could
have stopped their fighting was the Con-
stitution, which is an agreement among the
citizens OF the United States, and Is not
dependent upon support by the governments
Of the States
The only thing that can stop the pickering
and quarreling among the democracies of
today and give them strength to stand
against the colossus of communism is
constitution binding together their citizens
In federal union. House Resolutions lot
to III and Senate Resolution 81 propose q
conference Of delegates from other genuine
democracies to examine and recommend the
steps necessary to achieve an organic union
Of free people. based on law, which will be
too powerful for any aggressor to attack
Study this quotation from former Su-
preme Court Justice Owen j. Roberts: eve
are faced with the problem Of stopping war
once and for Ill The task Of preserving
peace can be achieved only as 1t was done
in the case Of our own original Is sovereign
States: namely, BY placing the ultimate re-
sponsibility on the shoulders Of the people
themselves. the peoples Of the States con-
cerned. And while 1t is not presently pos
sible to apply this principle to the world
Is whole. It's acceptance and adoption by
the genuine, established democracies will
suface."
George washington said, ut is indtspen-
sable to the happiness OF individual States
that there should Be lodged somewhere
supreme power 70 regulate and govern the
general conesrnS of the confederated repub-
lie. without which the Union cannot be Of
bng duration" ]. i. ANTHONY, Jr.
Evening star., 1949-11-04
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
'0r1ter, although it Is permissible for
wr'ter kno10n to The Star to use
a nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1949-11-04
Questions and Answers

"A reader can set the answer to any question
Bureau, 31e Eye street NE, Washinston 3. b. c.
Please tnclose three (3) cents for return postags
Evening star., 1949-11-04
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE.


@. Is Australia classified as continent
or an island?-D. M. F.
A. Geographically Australia may be re-
garded as the worlds smallest continent and
also as the worlds largest island. It is.
however, the custom nowadays to classify
Australia as a continent, and this makes
Greenland the worlds largest island.
@ How wide and how deep is the Colorado
River as 1t flows through the Grand Cam
yon?-B. d.
A. In the Grand Canyon, the Colorado Is
800 feet across and as much as 42 feet
deep. The swift current Of the river carries
q tremendous load Of silt. Some one has
figured that this is equivalent in tonnage
to that hauled by continuous line Of
lotion trucks, travelling at Is miles per
hour. going past point at intervals Of 10
feet. g.
@. Did Joe DiMaggio and Babe Ruth ever
play together-H. H.
A. Joe DiMaggio and Babe Ruth never
played on the same team together. Ruth
left the Yankees in 1894. DiMaggio joined
the Yankees in 1896.
Q. What happened to the frigate serapis
after her capture by John Paul Jones In
VI.
A. The Scraps was taken back to France
by John Paul Jones' men and turned over
to that country.
@. Are there trees that are strictly either
male or female? Is this true Of palm trees?
&C. B. P. =
A. There are certain trees strictly male
and female, for example the holly and
willow. The pine tree and the oak are
monoeciouS having both male and female
flowers in separate cones. or clusters, on
the same tree. In the palm trees all situa-
tions are found. Some species are bi-sexual.
having perfect flowers, as in the cabbage
palmetto and the California fan palm. The
doum palms are entirely male or female
as are also the babassu palms Of Brazil.
Q. What is boatswain's pipe-B. J. /
A. A boatswains pipe is the note or notes
sounded on boatSwain's call as signal.
A boatswains call is q whistle Of peculiar
shape used by boatswain.
@. What is the legend Of the crossbillf
ID. D.
A. A fable of the Middle Ages says that
the red plumage and curious bill were be-
slowed on the bird by the Saviour at the
crucit1xion as reward for having attempted
to pull the nails from the cross with its beak.
A Sail Of Song
Richness and color-,ohere can they be
found
d In. more abundance than pten from tho
.; elm $assz stta ~
The mocktnpbird Idunches upon the air
! A4sGu OF song, NTH beauty at It's helM3
EDWARD D. GARNER
Evening star., 1949-11-04

On its little known or constructive side
nuclear t1ssion has yet to demonstrate
curative powers on any one since it sud-
denly relieved the Jap of desire to stay
in q war.
Evening star., 1949-11-04

The modern armed service must of course
deal with precision material, and in the
case Of q battleship going into storage
what exactly is the caliber Of the moth
ball?
Evening star., 1949-11-04
Additional Readers Continue
Discussion of Radio in Transit


To the Editor of The Star:
The Public Utilities Commission has con-
Quoted hearings on the subject of mobile
music in Capital Transit Co. vehicles in order
to ascertain whether radio in transit is ap-
proved by majority Of the passengers.
But the hearings were not necessary, since
majority vote is not proof Of right. The
real question in dispute is not what propor-
ton of the passengers approve the music, but
whether radio in transit Is a proper and
justifiable innovation.
And here the answer is emphatic Under
our laws a corporation may engage only in
that kind of business for which it has been
chartered. The Capital Transit Co. is au-
thorized by its charter to carry on the busi-
ness Of transportation: it has no right to
pursue any other business, no matter how
praiseworthy.
1t is not authorized to buy and sell eggs.
speculate in cotton, adopt orphaned chill
dren, build churches or homes for veterans
Nor has it any right to do any radio broad
casting from its vehicles. In legal parlance
radio IN transit is ultra wires or beyond the
competence of the transit company.
To be sure. broadcasting by the company
Is not illegal in itself It is only unauthorized
and probably might be excused, If it could
be proved that it enhances the safety of
transportation AS it really is more likely
to reduce than to promote safety, the Public
UTILITIES Commission should order the transit
company to cease the unauthorized practice.
j. j. KRAL.
Evening star., 1949-11-04

airport for private fliers. Why not the
Anacostia Naval Air Station?
The Uniflcation Act has as one of it's oh
jectives the elimination of unnecessary and
duplicating military facilities. Boiling Field
used by the Air Force and Anacostia Field
used by the Navy are adjacent to each other
to such an extent as to constitute one field
with duplicating facilities. Why not con-
solidate the operations of the Navy and the
Air Force at one field? Immediately, Ana
costa Field could be made available to pri-
vate hiers. 1t is close-in, has necessary ia
cilities and would be large enough for the
biggest private planes. The military forces
might object but, unless future accidents
are to be prevented, some such solution is
mandatory. HUBERT A. SCHNEIDER,
Evening star., 1949-11-04

In lively France, the so-called vote of
confidence is understood to mean the posse
gives the new Premier ten-minute start.
Evening star., 1949-11-04
Proposes Use Of Anacostia Field
For Civilian Air Travel
70 the Editor Of The star:

am In complete accord with your edi-
torial concerning the tragedy involving East
ern Air Lines, particularly your proposal that
the Washington National Airport be closed
to all but scheduled airline service, In view
Of the congestion at that airport. Let me
offer the following suggestion in the hope
that it will stimulate discussion and ultimate
action:
It is too much to expect private fliers
coming to Washington to use such outlying
fields as Congressional Airport In Rockville.
the College Park Airport. or Hybla Valley
Airport. south Of Alexandria. even assuming
that they could accommodate large private
planes Of the DC-3 category. which they
cannot. Washington should havo Q elose-in
Evening star., 1949-11-04
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star: --
In your editorial Of October 81 you appear
to minimize the objections to radio advertis-
ing IN the Transit Companys street cars and
buses because the protestants are alleged
10 be IN the minority. Since the poll Of
riders was taken by the paid agents of the
radio station and the transit company. both
OF wnom expect to profit by radio installa-
lions, the accuracy Of the poll, and tho
method applied in taking it, are open to
challenge. to say the least.
Assuming ob1ectors may be in the minor
1ty, the writer Of your editorial should know
that the majority of our statutes. State
and Federal. are designed for the purpose of
protecting minorities, especially those who
may become victims Of monopoly, and the
transit company definitely is in this cate
cory, because 1t has excluded all forms of
competition in the field Of urban and inter-
urban passenger service, except taxicabs.
effective competition were extant. this
controversy would not have developed. In
this one sentence can be found the answer
to the reason why some critics have been so
thoroughly caustic, and in some instances
unnecessarily abusive. This is understand
able. however, when one realizes that oh.
Jectors feel themselves being forced to sub.
Ject themselves to nuisance thrust upon
them by monopoly they must patronize.
Ihey regard 1t as definite and premedi-
tated mcursion upon their liberties. Moth
ing more readily arouses people to active
resistance and bitter resentment than the
feeling that they are being coerced into
submission by force unjustly and unfairly
applied. Because Of the absence of any other
mode OF service furnished by the traction
company 1t Is invoking force, intention
ally or otherwise. You should not be mis-
guided IN believing that all objectors have
been vocal or demonstrative.
Evening star., 1949-11-04


guided In believing that all objectors have
been vocal or demonstrative.
H. j. ARNETr
To the Editor Of The Star:
Another Spectator" in The Star of No
vember attempts to defend the rudeness
OF those In opposition to transit radio at
the recent hearings by saying that they
were Showing their contempt for a false
hearing already decided against them"
But rudeness is inexcusable on any
grounds. And If they thought the decision
predetermined, then why did they bother
to attend the hearings? Have they nothing
better to do with their time?
Before recent advances in costs and prices
when. under sliding-scale arrangements with
TWO local utilities. rates were lowered time
after time, these same persons no doubt were
well satisfied with the Commission They
did not then talk Of false hearings"
BY the record, utilities fares and rates
have not gone up in proportion to other
items IN our budgets. and no doubt this Is
due both to careful management on the part
OF the utilities officers and to close super
vision on the part Of the Utilities Commits
sion THE ORIGINAL SPECTATOR.
To the Editor Of The Star:
public buses has asked me to express the
annoyance felt by many bus riders at the
recent radio persecution. No doubt much
OF their pain is connected with the thought
that, once well established, it could 20 on
and on.
Do you think the volume of sound is likely
to be kept low, or may pedestrians and house.
holders also look forward to the perambu-
lating programs like street pianos or elec-
tioneering conveys we have known?
For my own part cannot help rejecting
when the revolutionaries and dictatorial re-
gimes Of Europe have seized power in mod
ern times, they are said to have begun with
the key cities, and the brown -shirted agents
OF the proletariat have first seized the radio
stations and through them scared the citi-
zens into submission.
What's to prevent the use Of mobile loud
speakers, installed In buses, from being
parked at every busy street corner during the
Red stroke" to facilitate the coup d'etat?
Ridiculous? 1t was done in Prague.
RICHARD L. FEIDMAN.
To the Editor Of The Star:
October 81, felt must give my version Of
the first day of the PUG radio hearing.
The PUG began the hearing by calling
the names Of representatives Of many citi-
zens' organizations, allowing them to make
lengthy speeches. Some of these hhbustering
speeches were very insulting to. those who
do not care for the radios, implying that
these people were neurotics or were mentally
aflicted.
However, If some Of us who do not care
for Capital Transit radio and are not
normal" according to some Of the speeches.
would 1t be better to dispense with the
Capital Transit radios or for Capital Transit
to have us all sent to St. Elizabeths and have
Washington, D. c. pay for our care?
Another thing, there were some older
people at the hearing. but they were mostly
people ranging in age from 35 years to IS or
so years. And there were some young people
there, too. A. c. OTTE.
Proposes Use Of Anacostia Field
Evening star., 1949-11-04
A Sail of Soma

Richness and color-,phere can they be
found
In. more abundance than p'ten from the
~, elm szsss ~ .8 =
The mockinpbtrd launches upon the air
sA,sGu OF son0, NTH beauty at It's helns3
EDWARD D. GARNER
Evening star., 1949-11-04

O. Did Joe DiMaggio and Babe Ruth ever
play together-H. H. -
A. Joe DiMaggio and Babe Ruth never
played on the same team together. Ruth
left the Yankees in 1894. DiMaggio Joined
the Yankees in 1896.
Milford chronicle., 1949-02-04

billions for streets and highways. There is
certainly a need, therefore, for increased saw
ings. These are possible only with lower
taxes.
Projected studies indicate that future in
come will be quite adequate to absorb increas-
ed production schedules. In order, therefore
to increase our production capacity, we need
considerably more venture capital BY 1850
55, our consumer market will be better than
double 1929s-Or, after taxes and savings
about one hundred and fifteen to one hundred
and twenty billion left to spend. The money
is, therefore, there for goods and services
The resources are there. Why therefore, do
we hesitate?
GOOD BUSINESS UP TO TRUMAN
Venture capital is being scared away. The
outlook for profit is uncertain. Investors are
timid. They fear an unfair deal by Congress.
SpOtty capital investment contributes to retard
production and cause unemployment ONLY
with fair taxes, fair wages and fair profits. is
it possible to plOw back into the business sufa-
cient funds to keep new construction and cur
rent production rising and to cause costs to
go down. If our great America is to forge
ahead. we need to create the proper environ
ment for its growth. This means encouraging
venture capital-nOt taxing it to death. Let us
hope that President Truman realizes this basic
economic fact
Milford chronicle., 1949-02-04
Popular Swedish
Sport Gets Fans
Into The Act

STOCKHOLM - Nearly 10000
Swedes compete regularly is a lit
tle-knOwn sport devised only a few
years ago
1t is called OrientatiOn and is a
robust outdoor sport that involves
finding your way through woods
with the aid of maps and compass
ses.
EXpOnents of OrientatiOn, who
seek to plant it in other countries,
boast that it is a great sport be-
cause it takes the spectators in as
participants, while other sports
have become spectacles for thOus-
ands of watchers and a few partici-
pants.
1t was introduced to Sweden in
1918 by Major Ernst Killander,
still an enthusiast at IS. In193S
the Swedish Cross Country Orien-
tatiOn Association was formed and
Joined the Swedish Sports Fedora
tiOn. The Association boasts 1871
600 members and 1,47O clubs.
Clubs are notified by local news
papers Ofthe date of an OrientatiOn
contests. Members brng cOmpasses
to a rendezvous spot and are pro-
vided the map.
There are five divisions accord.
ing to age-11-18, 1886, 36-42, AZ.
so and so upwards
Contestants are informed the To-
cation on the map to which they
must proceed. They can walk Of
run, down roads, paths or across
country. At the first goal, they arr
told another station. The race usu
ally covers three stations and
total distance of four to nine miles
There are variations of the spOr
relays and team races.
OrientatiOn has a particular ap
peal to hunters, who find it of val
) ue in learningtheir way through
the woods. It is a good diversion
, for the man who would Otherwis
! walk on Sunday.
, BjOrn KjellstrOm of Stockholm
an OrientatiOn enthusiast, toure
, the United States last year intro
! ducing Orientation to boy scOU
! councils.
4 1--WE hope some day to make
{ popular enough throughout tn
world to have it included in tn
Olympic Games" he says.
Milford chronicle., 1949-02-04
Russians In China
Drop Red Lights

SHANGHAI ~ up - More than
1000 Russians in China have re-
nOunced the Soviet citizenship they
recently obtained, the China Press
says.
They took out the new citizenship
papers when Moscow announced by
cones would be by-gOnes and these
Russians who fed the Communist
regime more than two decades ago
would be welcome back home.
OF the 1000, at least 700 live in
Shanghai, the rest in north China
cities. Apparently they don't like
the stories of the hard life in Rus
sia seeping back from those who al
ready have gone home. OF the orig
inal $4,000 White Russians in
Shanghai only 1000 remain. The
rest either were repatriated or emf.
grated to North and South America