Evening star., 1949-07-12

result IN finding means OF disposal. If in
public place. word to the waiter should
bring an ash tray. And, if there is no waiter,
there is probably saucer, and if there is no
saucer, then putting the butt on the floor is
not i'll hammered, as the management prob
ably expects it. EUGENIA KELLER.
Readers Dissent from Criticism
OF Opposition to Federal Education Bill
To the Editor Star:
Holton R. Smalls letter of July warrants
several comments. AS he states, the Barden
proposal for aid to education limits ex-
pendture of Federal funds to what he terms
"educational' purposes, that is, to capital
outlays. salaries of teachers, etc., as con-
trasted with welfare" purposes, generally
health, transportation and textbook services
The effect of this proposal is to bar non
public and parochial school children from
sharing in any of the benefits Of Federal
assistance: it is this feature and that which
includes these children while computing the
various grants but leaves them out in the
expenditure thereof which have drawn criti-
cism from SO many quarters.
Mr.. Smalls attempt to classify the serv-
ives which might be provided by Federal
funds as either "educational' or welfare"
thus to determine the legality of the use of
funds for such purposes avoids the true
principle of determinations: Does the grant
Of Federal funds for a particular purpose
constitute an establishment of religion" or
aid directly in the furtherance thereof, CIV
ing one religious sect an advantage over
others as a result?
1t is true. of course, that the services
characterized by Mr.. Small as "educationar'
are of such a nature as to permit the fair
conclusion that Federal funds, If used to fur
nish them, would be furthering the pur-
poses Of the religious sect conducting the
hfo L.
educational" but because Of the degree and
directness of the assistance. When the serv-
ices Of the welfare" category are considered,
1t Is seen that they are personal to each
g. child not contribution to an organized
group, religious or otherwise.
AS a matter of fact, the argument made as
a result Of this distinction by Mr.. Small, as
we'll as his statement that it Is doubtful
whether health, transportation and textbook
services are welfare" services, appear some
what illogical in view of the fact that Con-
gress has made Federal funds available for
related activities for some time. Despite the
views of Pinckney. Madison and Morris at
the convention. no provisions for Federal
control of, or aid to, education were written
into our Constitution. Consequently, such
services as well as "educational' services are
all welfare in nature. the very legality of
appropriation of Federal funds for them
resting upon the power granted Congress in
Article I, Section Ito provide for the gen.
eral welfare.
The statement that the Catholic hierarchy
is attacking public education and the prin-
ciple of separation" is so patiently errone-
Gus as to scarcely deserve notice except for
the fact that Mr. Small has chosen to label
an alleged campaign as "unscrupulous."
With respect to the first point, the only pos
Sible attack of which I am aware comes
from another quarter where there is visible
evidence of Organization" This is directed
at parochial or non-public school education.
the inference being given that this type Of
education is un-American and something less
than in accord with democratic tradition,
Notwithstanding majority OF our Presidents
having received their education in such
schools. The principle Of separation" and
its Interpretation has been the subject Of
considerable difference Of opinion, vary
ing views as to the intent Of the Constitu-
tional fathers being conscientiously held by
many individuals. What Mr.. Small really
means when he accuses the Catholic hier-
archy of 'unscrupulous propaganda" is
simply that their views differ a great deal
fro mhis own. JOSEPH j. SAUNDERS.
To the Editor of The Star:
Judging from the text of Holton R. Small's
letter IN The Star of July 8, would assume
he not only abhors Catholics but is no more
interested in the Barden bill than am in
the future of the Japanese beetle.
Today more than half the world is ablaze
with persecution. At times, feel almost
shameful to think that there is so little
can personally do to assist my church.
certainly hope there is no one who feels that
the Catholic Church is attempting to deprive
the children of this country of their educa-
ton. Regardless of what any one thinks
this is not true, but it must be thoroughly
understood that the Barden bill bears all
the distinguishing marks of communism
call it what you like, but it is definitely q
far cry from democratic.
How the parochial school children can be
included during the initial estimate of re-
quired funds and then counted out when the
funds are distributed, is point that fails
to register in my mind as justice. I might
also add that we absolutely must curb Fed
eral control in this free land of ours. Nat
urally, a nation does not lose its freedom
over the period of one night, especially In
our case-the process would have to be a
gradual one. At our present pace, 1t won't
be too long before the American people will
be helpless and dependent strictly upon Fed
eral support AS far as Cardinal Spellman
is concerned, his stand is certainly and only
one of Righteousness.
I hope my assumptions regarding Mr..
Small are wrong. There undoubtedly are
too many people today who seem perfectly
willing to stamp out those intrinsic charac-
teristics Of love and benevolence in prefer
ence to an almost indelible hatred Of man
kind itself. For such people can only offer
my prayers and my sincere sympathy for the
miserable life they must lead
ALFRED w. PARSONS
Voters Neglect of Suffrage
Attributed to independence.
To the Editor OF The Star:
In one of your recent editorials you say,
in part, that it is hard to understand why
citizens who have the right of suffrage
can take that right so lightly; that 48 per