davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-08-07
Bond Market Rallies
In Final Two Hours
OF Week S Trading
By H. c. Johnson
Associofed Press Financial Writer

NEW YORK, Aug. 6. - The
corporate bond market came to
life in the final two hours of
trading this week.
The previous % hours. begin
ming at 10 am. Monday. were
given over to humdrum business
that failed either to improve or
depress prices.
Then came a two-hour burst
OF trading that perked up prices
throughout the list and set rail-
road bonds on the recovery road
again.
The rally in rail issues that
progressed throughout July did
not actually stall this week. but
was slowed down considerably by
profit taking in some issues that
had added much weight since
the June declines.
All credit for the price rise and
heavy activity Friday was due to
a sudden pickup in share prices
that gave the stock market one
of its best overall gains of the
year.
Better Business Seen.
Since rail bond gains had ex-
ceeded losses in every session of
the week, however. it was evident
there were other factors that kept
the rail rally in motion.
One. according to traders, is
that a group of optimistic GUS
toners believes there will be
general business improvement in
the fall that will be of particular
benefit to railroad operations.
The Associated Press average of
20 rail issues held steady up
through Thursday at the level of
the preceding Fridays close. On
the last day, however, it rose i
of point to finish at 902, high
est since May 81.
Turnover of more than $780,
900 in the last two hours Friday
boosted the days total to $4,-
$4,000, second highest of the
year. The only bigger day was
July % when transfers added to
s11,s1o,000.
United States Treasury issues
also began a price climb Tuesday
that ended with a sharp advance
in bid prices on Friday.
The big rise Friday came dur
ing a meeting of the Federal Re-
serve Systems open market COM
mittee in Washington and hinged
on the belief the committee might
order another cut in bank reserve
requirements.
Action Anticipated.
The committee did just that
adding another 1.800,000,000 to
bank fund available for invest
ment.
The banks probably will put a
good portion of these additional
funds into Treasury issues.
In anticipation of the commit
tees action. many investors flood
ed Government bond houses Fri
day with orders to buy. Since
possessors of Treasury bonds we're
reluctant to part with their hold
ings, however, most Of the bid
price rises stopped at the quota
tion stage. with actual volume of
transfers small.
Underwriters will be on light !
Evening star., 1949-08-07

duty schedule next week. Corpo-
rate and tax exempt debt securi-
ties offerings both have fallen
away. following the usual August
trend.
The weeks offerings of State,
county and municipal issues will
total $49,540,000, Daily Bond
Buyer" reported. This represents
a considerable drop from the
S106,412 900 marketed this week.
The weeks largest tax exempt
offering will be the city of San
Francisco's $11,050,000 of various
purpose bonds Monday. Other
major issues scheduled for sale
include North Carolinas $780,
900 of bond anticipation notes
Tuesday and New Orleans $4,500,-
600 of street bonds Wednesday.
Evening star., 1949-08-07
Metals Prices

NEW YORK, Aug. a tF.-spot non
ferrous metals prices today: Copper. 17ss
cents a pound, Connecticut Valley. Lead,
1474 cents q pound, New York. Zinc.
10 cents a pound. East st. Louis.
Mould Hosiery in first half
earned $637,752 or $l.14 a share VS.
$1.213,246 or 1922 in 1948 period
Evening star., 1949-08-07
Business Briefs

Automobile Production in the
United States this week totaled
144,373 units VS.. 107.219 units in
the like period of last year. So
far this year 3;734,877 cars and
trucks have been produced VS..
/ 3 3,086,312 in 1948 period.-Ward' S
Automotive Report.
Domestic Freight Car deliveries
in July dropped to 6,434 from
9.121 in June. Backlog or orders
dropped to 26,564 on August l,
compared with 42,813 month
earlier and 125.o93 a year ago.
American Railway Car Institute
Construction Contract awards
this week totaled $239, ,240,000, a
gain of 81eo over the $131 $4,000
for the previous week and 569o
ahead of the $153.594,oo0 for the
like week Of 1948.-Engineering
News-Record.
Timken Roller Bearing Co. sue
cessfully completed first test runs
to produce steel from Argentine
pig iron. based on 3 tons sent by
the Argentine government for the
tests.
Sears, Roebuck e. Co. reported
July sales of $163, ,120.984. down
12.7qo from the $186.7e2.996 of a
year ago: for 6 months s1.041,- =
829.665, down 729o from $1,122,-
OBS ,543 of year ago.
ChrysIer Corp. in 6 months
ended June 80 earned $53.222.8 .843
or $6.12 a share VS.. 35,786,010 or
SAIL in 1948 period.
Coca Cola Co. in first half
earned sl6.936. .234 or s412 a share
VS.. $15,285,7S8 or 1912 in 1s48
period.
U. S. Gypsum Co. in 6 months
ended June 30 earned s10,326. 102
or $6.29 a share VS.. $11, ,705, ,427 or
S7.15 in l948 period.
Duke Power Co. in year ended
June 80 earned s9.247.461 or $7.31
a share VS.. $8,069,319 or s6.37 in
1948.
New Jersey Zinc Co. in 6 months
ended June 80 earned 1929 .638
or s165 a share VS.. S4,176,095 or
s2.13 in 1948 period.
,Soundview Pulp Co. in 7 months
ended July 81 earned $3,085,389
or $3.15 share VS.. s3,300,524 or
1888 in 1948 period.
Motor Wheel Corp in months
ended June 80 earned $1,445, ,726
or $l.71 a share VS.. s1.274.483 or
$1.5l in 1948 period.
Anaconda Wire g. Cable in first
half earned $1.722,383 or $2.04 a
share VS.. s3.357.o96 or 1898 in
1948 period.
Amerada Petroleum Corp. in 3
months ended June 80 earned So
194.375 or $2.03 a share VS.. $685.
308 or 1916 in 1948 period.
Electric Storage Battery in first
half earned 1868, $50 or "a cents a
share VS.. $1,865, 1877 or $205 in 194S
period.
Pittsburgh Coke e. Chemical in
first half earned $1,041,55 or SITS
a share VS.. $892,988 or $1.48 in
1948 period.
Heyden Chemical in months
ended June 80 earned $878,672 or
SO cents a share VS.. $2,039,701 or
$1.58 in 1948 period.
S. S. White Dental Manufactur-
ing Co. in 6 months ended June
80 earned S566,181 or 81 .89 share
VS.. $627 1862 or 5000 in 1948 period
Panhandle Producing e. Refining
Co. in 6 months ended June 80
earned $605, 300 or AZ cents a share
VS.. $1.204,821 or 83 cents in 1948
period.
Evening star., 1949-08-07

Rates Of dlvIdssH;dhs s;shurssrcen ~ enf, @ bases on
the last quarterly or semi-annual declara-
ton. Unless otherwise noted. special or
"a nv dividend, xr Ex rights. cid Called
1t pd P Part paid. ur Under rule. war War.
rants. WV with warrants: xw without bout
stock dividend d Cash or stock Paid
last year payable in stock; estimated
cash value on ex-diyidend date De;
or SA paid after stock dividend or split-up.
or PAID ,his diHId.nss IN IN sTnsa4s
~ Psid ttis wear, dividend omitted. deferred
Or q rnte no aetion S taken It last dividend meet
Ing DECLARED 1888 ps..b1s, IL !, Itees lses
Exact cash value undetermined on dec.
fsration data.
Evening star., 1949-08-07
Cooperative Elects Officers

CULPEPPER, Va, Aug. 6 (P.-
William Browning of near Rixey-
vile. and T. A. Jeffries, have been
reelected president and manager,
respectively, of the Northern Pied
mont Electric Co-operatiVe.
Evening star., 1949-08-07
Commodity Prices

NEW YORK, Aug. 8 lF:-Ths Asso-
sale Commodity prices this week advanced
A year ago the index finished the week
at 1902. The base year Of 1925 equals
100.
slipped to new low for the year. The
food and livestock components. also de-
cllned. but advances in the other COM
modify groups-particularly textiles
pushed the composite index higher
The index, with comparable fgures Tor
a week ago and a year ago, follows:
Evening star., 1949-08-07
EIbertu Peaches Harvested

MART1NSBURG, w. Va. Aug.
6 (SpeciaD Movement of Elber-
ia peaches from this belt will be-
gin next week and reach its peak
in about 10 days, growers said
today.
Evening star., 1949-08-07
Investing Companies

NEW YORK, Aug. g [P,.-National As
scciation Securities Dealers, Inc, closins
Friday quotations:
Evening star., 1949-08-07
Over-the-Counter Market

The following bid and asked quotations
on Washington securities traded over the
more dealers, members of the National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc,
would trade with the general public at the
| time the quotations were assembled for
| The Star. as Of Friday noon
Evening star., 1949-08-07
Washington !,.: Stock j !:,.::! e.; Exchange
(Report Compiled Exchange OfnciakO

INCLUDING FRIDAY, AUGUST 8.
Evening star., 1949-08-07
CURB SUMMARY

A selected list Of active stocks On the
New York Curb EXCHANGE showing the
high, low and closing price for the week.
and the net change from the previous
weeks close.
Evening star., 1949-08-07
BOND SUMMARY

tFurnished By the Associated Press.)
=, A selected list Of active Bonds on the
SsI York 1 stoch ,.ln lEach.9se' nn; shoTsnE ths
and the net change from the previous
weeks close.
Stock and Net
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1949-04-01
Air Raid Shelters

The Norwegian Government and
the local authorities are coopera-
ting in plan for the construction
of air raid shelters. According to
the Oslo newspaper "Aftenposten,"
shelters are to be built for 2O9e
of the population in towns and
thicky-populated districts wit h
more than 5000 inhabitants. The
shelters are to be built into the
mountains.
In Oslo $4,000 people will be ac-
commodated at the rate of 3 cubic
meters of space each. This means
that 100000 cubic metres of rock
will have to be blasted out. In
peacetime the shelters will be used
as store-rooms and garages.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1949-04-01
The "Lone|iest" Man In Norway

States for several years, and added
that he could even think of marry
ing-preferably an American girl.
The newsmen Incorporated the
exiles telephone number into a
United Press story on the Aardal
area.
Several nights later, Michael
Arnesen picked up his telephone
there on the mountain top and
Mabel Jensen, Manhattan steno-
grapher, was paying him a long
distance call. She too was lonely
in the heart of New York-and
had read of his exile. Letters and
kilograms from scores of other in
terested readers followed and
Waterman Arnesen had become
ever night the least lonely man in
his community-though he still
sits alone on his mountain top.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1949-04-01

United Press reporter Haynes
Thompson, one of the IA American
journalists recently returned from
a seven-day tour of Norway, per-
formed a real service when he re-
membered to note the telephone
number of what was probably that
country's loneliest man. Michael
Arnesen is the gentleman's name
and he lives alone II months of
the year atop a peak overlooking
the booming though isolated indus
trial center of Aardal on Norway's
Sogne Ford
1t is his job to watch the
mechanisms regulating the flow
of giant conduits carrying water
to the electrical generators over
1000 feet below. Arnesen, who
lives alone in his lookout building,
traps and skies in the winter and
hunts in the summer Questioned
by the visiting Americans, he men,
toned having lived in the United
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1949-04-01
Mechanical Farming
Gains In NORWAY

One of the most serious prob
lens in Norwegian agriculture to-
day is the shortage of manpower.
The flight to the cities" during
the first two years after the war
was considerable, and there h S
been no appreciate increase in
manpower since.
To remedy this situation the
Government is encouraging a large
degree of mechanization. In 1888
Norway had $500 tractors. In
194S, $500. And this year another
1900 farm tractors and 200 gar
den tractors will be imported. Six
hundred stations fully equipped
with the necessary farm machin-
cry have been established through
out the farming districts for the
benefit of small farmers. These
stations are given priority on new
equipment.
In the 1949 National Budget,
the value of the agricultural por-
duction is estimated at 1892 mil
lion Kr. This is based on a nor
NAL year. In 194S, which was
particularly good year. the pro-
duction amounted to 1907 million
Kr.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1949-04-01
1000 Missionaries
Flown By "Ansgar''

STOCKHOLM. - M S nary
workers totalling more than 1000
have in recent years been flown to
and from their fields in Asia and
Africa by the Swedish missionary
plane "Ansgar'.
Recently the plane took off from
Stockholm for South Africa, being
it's 35th flight since the start was
made in 1915. This period repre-
sents a total of 5000 flight hours
and a distance covered equivalent
to a trip to the moon and back.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1949-04-01
New Swedish Express
Shortens Copenhagen
Oslo Trip By ; Hours

STOCKHOLM.-A new SUPER
express train identical with t h e
"Gothenburger," already favor
lite among travellers between Stock
holm and Gothenburg, will be put
into service next June on the NAL
m0-Oslo run, with direct connec-
ton with the ferry to and from
Copenhagen.
The new express, named the
"Scandia Arrow" will shorten the
travelling time between the Da-
nish and Norwegian capitals by
approximately three hours. De-
partures from Copenhagen take
place at 1900 hours on Mondays,
Wednesdays and Saturdays, with
arrivals at Oslo timed for 22.5O.
In the opposite direction, the train
leaves Oslo at 7.43 on Tuesdays,
Thursdays and Sundays, arriving
at Copenhagen at 1920.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1949-04-01

M. S. Seattle" one of the
Swedish Johnson Lines three new
cargo and passenger vessels ply
ing between Gothenburg and the
West Coast of the United States,
recently made three day visit to
New York. The ship measures
800 tons and can maintain a
speed of 20 knots. 1t is able to &C
commodate twelve passengers.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1949-04-01

Oslo expects to build $4,000 new
apartments this year.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1949-04-01

Swedish American Line special tribute the Danish
occasion Ftieth Birthday March H. arranged
display Fifth New York. pic
above.
display included pictures of framed
typical Danish buildings literature
specially Majesty
THE Swedish American Line is pleased to pay tribute
to His Majesty King Frederik IN Of Denmark the
casiOn of his Fifteh Birthday, to
thousands of Danish Americans who choose The White
Viking Fleet in travelling from Denmark"
Boggid supervising
the Danish Department and the booking
to the motorner Stockholm"
penhagen well the "Gpsholm," Gothenbug
special train connections to the Danish capital
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1949-09-08
Saturday afternoon.

| Saturday afternoon.
Wilbert Zimmerly sold his farm
east of Leipsic last week and expects
TO build a new home in Pandora.
Bessie Guin has returned from
Cleveland where she visited at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. Cecil Rhoads
and family.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harold Gratz and
children Sandra and Larry moved to
their new home in Ada, Thursday
Mr.. and Mrs. Lawrence Dishong,
north of McComb will move on the
Gratz far mnorth of Gilboa.
Mrs. Roy Wallace has returned to
her home in Birmingham, Alabama,
after spending several days in the
home of Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Basing-
er of Col. Grove.
Mr.. and Mrs. Verdi Bixel and
daughter Marguerite of Los Angeles
are visiting in the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. Raymond Miller of Pandora.
Miss Marguerite will attend Bethel
college at Newton, Kansas.
Rev. and Mrs. Harold Burkholder
and family of Omaha, Neb., visited
relatives in Bluffton and Pandora
area the past week.
Lowell Jennings, Cairo ball player
was rendered unconscious when hit
by pitched ball during a game at
Col. Grove, Sunday afternoon. He
regained consciousness shortly before
midnight Monday and is reported In
fair condition.
Mrs. Robert Pingle of Gilboa is in
indianapolis at the home of her
brother, Ray helping to care for his
wife who is ill.,
Mr.. and Mrs. Chris Locher north
of Rluffton attended the air races at
Cleveland, Monday.
Mrs. Ruby Cramer of Rawson has
returned from Columbus where she
attended graduation exercises at Ohio
State university, Friday where her
son Marco Cramer received a doctors
degree in chemical engineering.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Sarks of Col.
Grove have returned from a vacation
trip through the southern states
visiting the Great Smoky Mountains
and other points of interest
Mr.. and Mrs. Richard Wingate of
Dallas, Texas were recent guests in
the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Samuel
Basinger of Col. Grove.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1949-09-08
Here, There, and
Everywhere

A Leipsic minister Rev. Asa Mat.
tern of the Church of Christ who is
equally at home on carpenters
scaffold as he is in the pulpit II
building his own home at that place
fashioning it from building which
he purchased from the Rossforo
Ordnance depot
Mr.. and Mrs. Clay Harpster OF
Cairo are leaving soon to make then
future home in Seattle, Wash.
Willard Kramer of Mt. Cory at.
tended the wedding of his grand.
daughter at Delaware, Sunday.
Spending the past week on ar
outing at Long Lake, Mich, were
J. Z. Patterson of Beaverdam; Mr.
and Mrs. E. M. Kemp and grand.
daughter Susie, Mr.. and Mrs. E. H
Youngberg and Mr.. and Mrs. Berry
and daughter Beverly all of Lima.
Mrs. j. G. Korning of New York
City are visiting at the home of her
mother, Mrs. Ernest Witteborg of
| Col. Grove.
A new furnace is being installed at
| Gilboa NJ. E. church.
Rev. A. M. Ross of Gilboa fractur-
ed two ribs in fall from a ladder
while painting a shed at his home.
A cow which strayed from the
Harold Gratz farm near Gilboa on
the highway, Thursday morning was
killed by car.
Mr.. and Mrs. Wayne Burkam and
Mrs. 1mogene Burkam of Col. Grove
have as their guests, Mr.. and Mrs.
Eldred Tome of Green River, Wyom-
ing.
Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Pugh have re-
turned to their home in Angola, N.
T., after weeks visit with his
mother, Mrs. Velma Pugh of Col.
Grove who has been quite i'll.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Granger of Col.
Grove are visiting their daughter,
Miss Margaret Granger in Glendale,
Calf, and also Mrs. Granger's aunt,
Mrs. Clinton Stubs and family in
Lynnwood, Calf.
Mr.. and Mrs Chester Huber called
at the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Homer
Marshall of Beaverdam, Friday
night.
Two lots in Mt. Cory in the estate
of Andrew Bender were sold at
Sheriff's sale to Paul Ludwig, Mt.
Cory for $1,100. They were ap-
praised at $1,000. A 40-acre tract in
the same estate appraised at $4,000
was sold to Amanda Gillogly, Find
lay, for S2,450.
Mrs. Robt. Rhoads and daughters
of Russell's Point were callers at the
Homer Marshall home in Beaverdam,
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1949-09-08

Best man was Allison Neuensch-
wander of Bluffton; ushers Were
Kenneth George, only brother of the
bride and Michael Elekonich, both
of Toledo.
For her daughters wedding Mrs.
George chose tan satin dress with
brown accessories. Mother of the
bridegroom wore green satin with
brown accessories. Both wore red
rose eorsages.
Following a reception in the
church dining room the couple left
on trip to Niagara Falls and Can
ada.
For travelling the new Mrs. Berry
hill selected a beige suit with black
accessories, wearing the corsage
from her bridal bouquet. On their
return they will reside at 364 West
Elm street.
The bride is a graduate of Clay
high school, Toledo, and the bride
groom was graduated from Bluffton
high school. He is employed at the
Lima Ordnance Depot.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1949-09-08
ArnOrsville

Ben Daily wa sa Friday dinner
guest of Mr.. and Mrs. c. w. Mont.
gomery and daughters.
Mr.. and Mrs. F. r. Rines oi
Alamocia, Colo, are visiting with
Mr.. and Mrs. Carl McCafferty and
family and Miss Margaret Guider.
Mrs. Sarah Oates and son Dor
spent Thursday and Friday in Colum-
bus.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lyle Mccarthy and
son spent Sunday evening at the
Erwin Moser home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Cook and
Mr.. and Mrs. Terbert Crammer of
Bergentown, Pa, were Sunday night
guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Moore
and family. Evening callers were:
Mr.. and Mrs. Bernard Stratton, Lar
ry and Elaine; Mr.. and Mrs. Ortho
Stratton and Stephan; Mr.. and Mrs
Ray Nonnamaker, son Eldon and
lady friend; Mr.. and Mrs. o. w. Non
namaker; Mr.. and Mrs. John Non
namaker and sons Jimmy and Joe;
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Nonnamaker
and daughter Kaye, Mr.. and Mrs.
Linden Basinger, Janet and Gary;
Mrs. Emmaline Nonnamaker; Mr.. and
Mrs. Howard Stauffer; Mr.. and Mrs.
Robert Nonnamaker, daughters Ruth
Eilene and Loretta May; Bernard
Fish and Miss Helen Price.
Mr.. and Mrs. Herbert Moser and
family spent Labor Day with Mr..
and Mrs. Erwin Moser.
C. E. Klingler spent the week end
with Mrs. c. f. Klingler who is in
Dearborn, Mich, caring for Mrs.
VIM. Z. Coldiron and her new son
Dale VIM.
Mrs. Phyllis Downey spent Thurs
day evening with Mrs. Chas. Mont
gomery and daughters.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1949-09-08

med with ruffles. Her veil of illu-
sion was fngertip length edged with
lace and held with tiara of seed
pearls. Her only ornament was a
rhinestone necklace, the gift of the
bridegroom. She carried a buquet
Of white roses.
She chose as her attendant her
only sister, Miss Arlene George of
Toledo, whose dress was pink mar
quisette over taffeta with matching
bonnet and bouquet of asters.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1949-09-08

Tall standards of white gladioli,
asters and palms decorated the
church for the double ring ceremony
read by Rev. Paul Cramer.
Mrs. Hiram Bucher at the piano
played always and accompanied
Mrs. Robert Artman who sang Be
cause, Il Love You Truly" and also
"The Lords Prayer"
The bride, given in marriage by
her father, wore gown of white
silk marquisette over taffeta trim
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1949-09-08
Couple Is Married
In Methodist Church

Miss Audrey Ann George, daugh-
ter of Mr.. and Mrs. Ganet George
of Toledo became the bride of John
Dale Berryhill, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Stewart Berryhill of Blutfton in an
attractive wedding at the Methodist
church here Saturday evening at
z o'clock.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1949-09-08
Mayors Notice

Monthly hauling of trash and rub
bish will start Friday morning. Have
everything in containers and placed
so it can be loaded easily on the
truck.
News Want AAsNBring Results.
Evening star., 1949-02-20
Orr School Glass
Has Puppet Show
Prize CostribHfios
By Marie D'Avonzo, II
Orr School

The CAB Class of Orr School
recently gave puppet show. 1t
was in the morning and after
noon. We have II rooms at Orr
School and we invited the morn
ing kindergarten Class in the
morning because the children
could not attend the afternoon
show.
The CAB Glass had been study
ing China, so we decided to make
up a Chinese puppet show. We
made the puppets heads out of
wallpaper, paste, sawdust and
putty. We had to let the
heads dry.
In the meantime, we started
working up a play. Every one
wrote a Short play. then we chose
a committee to pick out the best
one and to try to make q Chinese
play out Of it.
The name Of the play was Sing
Lees Best Birthday Present"
They needed four actors, includ-
ing the announcer. The an.
nouncer was Conrad Neidhart,
who made all the children laugh
with his puppets while they
changed the scenes.
The puppets were painted and
clothes sewed on to them.
Many of the children wanted to
see 1t again. All of the teachers
thanked us for letting them see 1t.