davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-02-06
By the Asseeieted Press

BUDAPEST. Hungary, Feb. S.
The tert OF the final plea
made by Josef Cardinal Minds,
senty today before the Peoples
Court, as translated from Hun
garian by Endre Marion, the As
sociated Press native Hungarian
correspondent:
Honorable court:
A man speaks to you on the right
of the last word, a man who has an
important Office and is charged with
crime.
I haye half of a century on my
shoulder, half century of definite
education and principles.
This education and these princi-
pies are built into the life OF a hu-
man being as railway rails are an
chored into the earth.
This explains many things. The
man has to consider principles as
they are.
I have been for more than 40
days before the police and the court.
They ask me and answer.
The questions and the answers
are not only for those who question
me but in the meantime the man
gives also an answer for his own
soul.
From these answers which I give
myself, I can draw the conclusion
that I did not lose my good will in
the course of my life and I am
thankful for that to my God.
Did Not Want Conflict.
I did not want to come into con-
f1ict with the laws of the state.
And if 1 still collided once. this
1 admitted yesterday in this court
without mincing matters.
I regret it, regret it today, too,
and am sure, while remaining faith
full to basic principles, I would do
certain things differently in the
same situation today.
I state that according to my be-
lief am not and have never been
the enemy of the Hungarian people.
1 have no controversies with the
workers and with the peasants to
whom and my family belong.
I have no intention of taking
away any rights from any category,
but after the tragedy of the world
war a most difficult historical role
was waiting for me and it would
have been my task to be the an
nouncer of the light of the evangel-
ism.
1t does not belong in my last
statement but l have to mention
it: the relation between the Roman
Catholic Church and land reform
was discussed and it is my duty to
make an important statement as
follows:
The bench of bishops sent their
Evening star., 1949-02-06
Free Glasses in Hebrew
Offered at Roosevelt

Free evening classes in modern
and classical Hebrew are being Of
fered at Roosevelt High School this
semester under auspices of the Dis
trict Recreation Department.
Registration will take place at
7:30 pm. Mondays, the Recreation
Department said. The courses are
designed to give a reading knowl-
edge of the Bible and of Hebrew
classics as well as to develop the
ability to converse in the modern
speech Of Israel.
Instructors include Rabbi Chain
Williamovsky. former principal of
the Hebrew Seminary in Lithuania.
and Louis Henkin, a graduate of
Yeshiva College of New York.
Evening star., 1949-02-06
Text of Cardinals Final Plea

blessings to the new farmers in
their circular letter of May, 1945,
and declared four different times
afterwards at home and abroad,
stating that the church does not
request back the lands from the dill
gent little men and never will do so.
This standpoint of the bench of
bishops was never contradicted by
the Vatican.
Not an Enemy of Peace.
I am thankful to my God that
according to my severe conscience
I am not an enemy of peace. I had
never been against peace. I only
pointed out emphatically certain
preliminary conditions in the in
terest of a long and lasting Church.
state) peace.
My letter Of January 20 to the
Minister of Justice, which was read
in court, contains my standpoint of
today. I do not want to quote now
from my letter but I speak to the
content of IT.
l confessed already that I came
into conflict with the laws of the
state in certain things concerning
finances. I have already offered
restitution. This is my earnest.
I prayed this morning to my Lord
and asked for peace in these heavy
days.
l brought the love of my church
to this courtroom, and I beg for
this love for the Hungarian state to
which I have shown obedience here
also beg for this love for myself
and may the Lord give wisdom to
the court when they pass their SEN
tence which may help settlement
at home and abroad.
Evening star., 1949-02-06

remained silent, passing up the op-
portunity to speak.
Father Ispenky, again admitting
he had delivered information
aboard, told the court:
Il accuse the emigrants who
escaped responsibility and misused
their safety abroad. I also accuse
bad relations between the church
and the State which made life un-
easy for us little priests
The journalist 10th spoke about
the tragic loneliness of a deaf man
in the 60s' with a miserable exist
ence after 40 years in his career:
He said he had not only stuck to the
law that only the truth must be
written, but he also dared write
the truth in times of oppression
when it was really dangerous.
Mr.. Toth's statement brought
sobs in the courtroom. He said the
fact was the father of three young
children and jobless was the reason
ne went to work for Father Macy.
Evening star., 1949-02-06

Archduke Otto Cardinal Minds
zenty to represent Hungarian Cath
olisc abroad was an idea of Card
inal Spellman. The authorization,
he said, was aimed to increase the
credit of Otto HapSburg"
America wanted to influence
Hungary economically and politi-
cally," he said. There is no doubt
but that the Mindszenty movement
was based on imperialist organiza-
tions which speculate on a Third
World War and on suppression of
the whole world by America
This was not a dream of an aged
man who wanted to have back the
past, but dangerous organization
to overthrow Hungarian democracy.
Hated of democracy, not defense of
religion, was the motive of Minds
| zenty's deeds"
U. S. Action Declared Sought.
| The prosecutor said Cardinal
Mindzenty aimed to induce the
United States to Interfere in in
ternal affairs of Hungary, which he
described as treason.
This was too much" he added,
for Minister Schoenfeld (former
American Minister Arthur Schoen-
feld, who represented the United
States in Budapest and who stated
in a letter to the cardinal that it
was the ng-standing policy of my
government not to interfere in the
internal affairs of other nations"
The prosecutor said the cardinal
organized spy ring and that one
of his agents was a Catholic Ac-
tion leader, zigimunt Mihailovic,
whom the Americans granted a
false passport"
! Speaking of the cardinals none
tary operations, the prosecutor COM
tmented that no one In the court
room would say dollars had to be
sold in the black market in the de-
fense of religion"
There can be no doubt that he
wanted to escape, that he wanted
to continue his activities against
Hungarian democracy" he said.
So Prosecutor Reprimanded.
The prosecutor said Cardinal
Mindzenty wanted the American
army in Germany to keep possession
of the Crown of st. Stephen, his
toric Hungarian relic stolen by the
Nazis, until he can put it himself
on the head of Otto Hapsburg.'
Elapi drew a reprimand from
Judge Olthys later for interrupting
a long, dignified statement on the
Crown of ST. Stephen by Prof.
Baranyay. The professor said he
was royalist and explained why he
believed that a kingdom is bet
ter guarantee for moral and per-
sonal freedom than any other form
of government.
The 67-year-old teacher denied
prosecution charges that he had
been in touch with the American
legation here.
The prosecutor objected to roy
alist propaganda" in the speech and
asked Judge Olyths to prevent it.
The judge made no comment, but
asked the professor if he wished to
continue The prosecutor protested
that, saying the defendant had al
ready used up his right to make a
final statement.
/ Judge Cites Law.
The judge checked the prosecutor
emphatically. He told him the law
gives the defendant the right OF
''the last word" which literally
means that nobody has right to
speak after the defendant.
The cardinals secretary, Father
Zakar, apologiZed Ito everyone and
reminded the court of his religious
oath of allegiance. He voiced the
hope the day would come when he
could serve his church and hi
country as well.
Duke Esterhazy and Father Macy
Evening star., 1949-02-06
Cardinal
Continued From First PageD

laws of the state in certain things
concerning finances"
Il have already offered restitu-
ton.
Il prayed this morning to my
Lord and asked for peace in these
heavy days. I brought the love of
my church to this courtroom, and
I beg for this love for the Hunga-
rian state, to which I have shown
obedience here.
Il also beg for this love for myself
and may the Lord give wisdom to
the court, when they pass their
sentence, which may help a settle
ment at home and abroad"
Use of Drugs. Torture Denied.
Prosecutor Elapi denounced re-
ports abroad that admissions of the
defendants were extorted by drugs
or torture. He declared all were
guilty.
The verdict should stigmatize
the traitors" he said 1T should
be hard and inexorable"
Cardinal Mindszentys lawyer,
Kalman Kicko, led off final pleas
for the defense before the five
Evening star., 1949-02-06
Fiiendish Cruelty to Cardinal
Charged by Archbishop O'BoyIe
.ic Archbishop

The Catholic Archbishop of
Washington last night described
Josef Cardinal Mindszenty as the
''victim of fiendish cruelty" as medi-
cal authorities here speculated about
the possibilities of a drug that
might have been used to force a
confession from the Hungarian
cardinal.
The 56-year-old primate of Hun
gary, facing a possible death SEN
tence for treason, made a partial
confession.
1t was recalled that the Tablet,
o British Roman Catholic weekly,
recently printed an article declar-
ing that Hungarian Communists
planned to administer a will-de-
stroying drug called actedron to
the cardinal before his trial. The
magazine said the article was drawn
up on instructions of the Hungarian
cardinal before his arrest.
Doubt Drug Induced Confession.
Washington pharmacologists and
psychiatrists expressed considerable
doubt last night that this drug
could have induced a spurious con-
fession. They did not bar the pos
sibility, however. that a drug not
known in this country could have
been used.
Archbishop Patrick A. O'Boyle,
head of the Catholic archdiocese of
Washington, declined to speculate
about drugs. He gave this state
ment:
Cardinal Mindszenty, a few days
before his arrest, providentially
warned the bishops, priests and
people of Hungary to give to Gre
dence whatsoever to any so-called
confessions which might eventuate
at the trial. He said to consider
them null and void.
Says RecantatiOn Makes No Sense.
The report from the Budapest
mock trial that he repudiated this
warning shows that his enemies
overshot the mark in their desire
to viIfy courageous leader.
Frankly, this 'recantation' makes no
sense at all.
"I prefer to believe what a man
of courage, patriotism and integrity
says when he enjoys freedom to
statements purporting to emanate
from him when every one knows
that he was really lost to the world
for IS days.
"The picture of the cardinal today
shows a man who has been the
victim of fiendish cruelty. The Mos
cow pattern has been followed faith
fully: First ruin and murder the
reputation of a good man and then
destroy the body"
Similar to Benzedrine.
In discussing what might have
been done medically to force a con-
fession, authorities here said they
believe "actedron' is the European
trade name of chemical compound
similar to benzedrine. To have a
strong effect on mental faculties,
Evening star., 1949-02-06

judges of the Peoples Court with
reminder: AL of you in this
courtroom will likely be mentioned
in world history and your deeds
will be judged through the next
century" One by one. the other
pleas followed.
The prosecutors demand for the
death penalty was couched in Hun
garian legal terms; it was not ex-
pressed directly. Hungarian prose-
cutors never ask fatty for life or
death sentences. But the recon-
mendation for a hard sentence
means recommendation for eXecu-
ton. Similarly, defense lawyers al
ways ask for leniency, not acquittal.
Ridicules Cardinals Regrets.
The prosecutor demanded the re-
moval of Cardinal Mindszenty as
one of the last remnants of reac-
ton"
He said the cardinal, spiritual
leaders of Hungary's 100000 Cath
oics, was not the man indicted,
but it is Josef Mindszenty. Hungar-
ian citizen, who committed great
crimes and who is responsible,
whether he wears the purple of a
cardinal or is in RACES" He ridi-
culed the cardinals expressions of
regret and his statement that his
future actions would be different.
Elapi emphasized the charge that
the primate sought to induce the
United States to interfere in in
ternal Hungarian affairs and to de-
clare war He said that was the
treason He said hatred of demo-
cracy, not defense of religion" was
the motive
The defense then took over One
by one rose the lawyers for the
cardinal and the others:
, Duke Paul Esterhazy tall. wealthy
royalist.
The Rev. Onoras Zakar, pale.
slim former secretary to the car
dinal.
Prof. Justin Baranyay, a profess
sor of church law.
The Rev. Miklos Macy, secretary
of Catholic action, a lay organi-
zation.
Laszlo 10th, a journalist who
worked for Father Macy.
The Rev. Bella ISpenky, a priest
OF all the group. only Prof
Baranyay had pleaded wholly inno-
cent
Counsel Is Apologize.
Cardinal Mindazenty's attorney
opened in an apologetic vein. He
said he agreed with the prosecutor
that the cardinals activities had
harmed the country immensely
and that many false stories about
the case had been printed abroad.
My appointment by the cardinal
is proof that he was given every
freedom in preparing for the trial, y
Kicko said.
He asked for wise and lenient
decision" He said my task is diff
cult, but I did the best l could for
the defendant. He pointed out
religious teaching is compulsory in
Hungarian schools and said there
is no attack on freedom of religion
in Hungary. He belittled the role
of Hungarian royalists.
He said Archduke Otto of Haps-
burg, the pretender the cardinal is
declared to have backed for king of
Hungary, is now without a job
strolling around the world" He
may have social weight, but no
political weight in the United
States, the lawyer said
1T would be impossible to set up
an organization monarchy like
this today in Europe when a front
of peace. headed by the great Soviet
Union, is increasing in strength
daily" he said.
Kicko declared, too, that Francis
Cardinal Spellman of New York,
whom the prosecution has sought to
link with Cardinal tMindszenty's S
operation, is not "a definite factor
in American Political life"
He said Cardinal Mindszenty used
not a penny of the money he made
in illegal trading of dollars for hic
Evening star., 1949-02-06
Similar to Benzedrine.

In discussing what might have
been done medically to force a con-
fession, authorities here said they
believe "actedron' is the European
trade name of chemical compound
similar to benzedrine To have a
strong effect on mental faculties,
Evening star., 1949-07-18
REAL ESTATE LOANS

FIRST TRUST LOANS on real estate:
low rates; 3 or 5 wear terms and
monthly payments. P. j. WALSHE,
INC, IId5 6 Eye st, nv; Ma; 64es;
BARLOW REALTY CO., Realtors.
1891 G st. ~ NE. 2495.
1st AND End TRUST LOANS. Prompt
and courteous service Before boz
rowing call COLONIAL INVESTMENT
CO.. SIT 9th st NV RE $3.50
MONEY ON SECOND TRUS1-ws
will buy second-trust notes. D. c.,
nearby Md. or Va. Reasonable rates.
MENT CORP. 1912 N Y ave nv.
National 1898
CASH FOR End TRUST NOTES
white or colored)-Quick settle-
ment; prefer personal calls to tele-
phone calls: FULTON R. COR
DON. 14@7 Eye st. NV. DI. $3.50.
Brokers, attention.
TRUSTS, 1st. End and 3rd; Md, Va,
D. c.; wk.'s service. ADAMS REALTY
CO., 905 N. Y. ave. NV, RE. 1912.
31s
WILL BUY deferred purchase money.
second trust: reas. discounts. Mr..
QUICK, ST.. 7731; ewes, RA. 34lS.
23%
Evening star., 1949-07-18
STORES FOR RENT

STORE FOR RENT. corner 9th and
Que SITS. NV. J. SHAPIRO, NO.
1ii4 ;th ST. N.w-25x1oo; excellent
for any business: best block for
colored trade. JACK COOPERSMrTH,
1G5 KENNEDY ST. N.W.-Brand-new
store, in busy location, 19l2x75 it;
ideal for clothing, dry goods or l0c
store. Call KAY REALTY CO. INC,
RA 22OO. --22
WE HAVE an unusual loo for LIQUOR,
ladies readv-to-wear. super market,
variety furniture and various other
the front is bus stop which has a
tremendous purchasing value. LOUIS
BURMAN. RE. 1868. -22
TAILOR SHOP or any neighborhood
business such as bakery. hardware
and auto supplies, plumbing and
posite B. & o. sta. and lge. Gov:
hospital. Also at end Of Capital
Transit busline at Forest Glen. Sill
yer Spring, Md. OWNER, 81. 5533.
100 18TH ST. N.W.-Large storerm,
store. Rent S375 mo EDMUND M.
O'SUI LIVAN. 14o1 Eye st. NV.
eND FLOOR. 71s 1lth st. NV, near
G., l9x1 90, also 3rd or 4th frs,
19x6o: pvt. washrms. on ct: fl,
ROCK CREEK SHOPPING CENTER
in Silver Spring Md Excellent To-
cation with good parking facilities.
IN fast growing and thickly popu-
lated area, including large apt. de-
velopment Call Mr. Kiely, LEO M
BERNSTEIN & CO., Realtors, l415
K st. NV, ME. 54OO, ewes Gil. S012.
928 EYE ST. NW.-Approx. 15x4O,
suitable for any retail business.
Call Mr Kiely, LEO M BERNSTEIN
e. CO.. Realtors. 1915 K st. NV,
Me. 54OO, ewes. GE s01@. 10
A STORE, suitable for any type of
small business. on busy business
section. Inquire RE. 0345 for ap-
pointment -21
Evening star., 1949-07-18
WATERFRONT PROP. FOR sALa

ON BAY, Is min. D. C. line; 1z-acrs
lots; best highway; build year-'round
home; new subdivision. Information,
Herald Harbor; dogWood trail. Ask
fre dept, Harris Cottage; make cash
offer Call RE. 3672 evenings. 10"
WATERFRONT, semifurnished, ami.
broom house, glazed sun porch, -
and rowboat; $4,000, by owner:
20 miles D. C. Box 492-s. Star.
NORTH BEACH-5-room cottage on
large lot: at sacrifice; excellent con-
dltlon; fully modernized next to
pay front. The Bob O-Link," cor,
cypress and Walnut ave, Block 8.
open for inspection. lSs
oo AChES level land that is most
unusual because 1t contains 5 acres
OF shade trees. 1000 II. of fine
bathing beach on the Potomac River
on 2-acre lake and frontage on
Point Look Out Creek. St Marys
Co, Md: only miles from Chesa-
peake Bay and Point Look Out: bus
service TO and from Wash; pri1ed
very low for quick sale unless YOU
have at least $4,000 down paw
msnt @ please do not answer.
LAKE JACKSON-New @-bedrm log.
cabin, near, water; : lots; priced.
$3.50. Call WO. $3.50 or OK. 1862.
Evening star., 1949-07-18

COTTAGE on salt
water; elec, equipped kit; outside
SHERWOOD FOREST. MD.-Com-
pletely furnished, , bedrms.. living
rm. with fireplace; all-electrlc kitch-
en-. bath, with automatic hot water:
large Screened-in porch. For rent
during August. Call IA. $3.50. 20
NORTH BEACH, Md
All modern improvements; by vk.
or month; reasonable. AK. 4430.
BEACH, va apts.;
sleeping facilities for people; $40
Wk,; sleeping facilities for e; $50
week; all modern conveniences. co.
$3.50, AID. 9541 Ia
CAPE ANNE, MD.-Log cabin on
Bay; restricted; mod. kit, , bed
rms. p bath; July "a through
Labor Day: 5000. Call NO. 9403
after & pm. 30
VIRGINIA BEACH-From Aug. to
Sept l5; completely furnished homs
on ocean front: bedrooms. 4 baths.
Phone WO 5509. u
Evening star., 1949-07-18
FOR YOUR APPROVAL
HILL TOP
RAMBLER

With panoramic view over the
countryside. Brand-new, just com
pleted; brick, with large screened
inclosed front porch, living room
with fireplace and bay picture win
dow: big dining room, entrance
hall and closets; beautiful, modern.
up-to-the minute kitchen completely
equipped with Westinghouse ~ box
and stove; modern tiled bath z very
large bedrooms, ample closet space
and large linen closet, basement.
gas heat, copper piping; stairway to
open attic where more rooms could
be made available; attached garage,
overhead doors. This property has
the finest equipment and appurte-
nances are exceptionally well built,
a quality and quantity home you
will be proud to own. Excellent To-
cation, close to Arlandria shopping
center, Pentagon and Navy Build
ings, on lot 60xl50. The price for
quick action Sls,950 on terms to
be arranged. Inspection any time
S01-SO5 South 3lst St. Arlington.
Immediate possession.
The M. H. BARRY Org.
,2O6 Mt. Vernon Ave. Alex, Va.
Phones. AL. 007S. TIE. 2442. 49,
Evening star., 1949-07-18
LOTS FOR RENT

WE HAVE 4 OUTSTANDING locations
for used-car lots. LOUIS BURMAN,
RE. 1868. -22
Evening star., 1949-07-18
DISTRICT HEIGHTS

Mr.. Suitland & Andrews Field
We have 2-bedrm.. masonry bunga-
low with an expansion attic. suitable
for > more bedrms., mr.. the gram
which would rent for at least 800
per mo. that can be purchased by
qualified buyer for Sl0O per mo-
with exceptionally low cash pay
ment. For further information, call
WALLACE B. AGNEW, INC. DI
$3.50 or ewes. EN-. S654 or OIL. 491S.
Evening star., 1949-07-18
ROCK CREEK FOREST
S16 5nn-S S35 ID PER MO.

Substantial e-rm. brick; contains 3
double-size bedrms., liv:, rm. with
eide porch, auto. oil heat, built-in
garage; newly redecorated; $500
down or will take trade. Evenings
call Mr.. Mangeis, LU. 3-sl11.
PAT TROIANO, REALTOR
s27 14th st. NV. Ma. $3.50. Ia
Evening star., 1949-07-18
TAKOMA PARK

Here is an opportunity for COM
Portable home plus income. Spacious
newly dec 6-rm. l2-bath apt. for
the owner. Through separate en-
trance, bright. cool. 2-bedrm and
bath apt. en- 2nd f.; > well-arranged
apis. in bSmt.: lear gar; lot at
tractively Handicapped Call MRS.
TAYI OR 81. lnlN II
Evening star., 1949-07-18
ARLINGTON

3 BEDROOMS
$3.50 DOWN, BAL. 4Go STRAIGHT
GI LOAN.
Just completed and ready for occu-
pancy. Featuring the incest large
kit. you have seen. Equipped with
GE S-ft. refgr., new 1949 Bendix,
lge. range and plenty of cabinets;
2 of the bedrms. are lge. enough
for twin beds; permanent stairway
to f1oored attic, where there is space
for additional rms, tiled bath,
oak floors throughout, gas heat,
situated on beautiful wooded lot
within 2 blks. of schools, bus and
shopping center.
4S1l s. 9Th rd., Arlington, Va.-Open
daily to 8 pm, Sat. and Sun.
9 to s pm
Directions: Out Columbia pike, to
s. Buchanan st, right on Buchanan
to sth I'd. lett on sth I'd. "a blk.
TO open sign. -1s
Evening star., 1949-07-18
CHEVY CHASE, MD.
nv OWNER

M. shopping center, school, and
transp.; 6-rm. center-hall brick;
1ge. tiled powder rm.. slec: ~ kit'
poSal; end f., 8 lge. bedrms. with
III baths; stairway to attic; maid S
rni. and bath in bsmt.; gas, &C; h:
attached gar, lge. fenced lot; i'm
med. poss.; $4,000, terms to suit.
Call SH C0Oh III