davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-06-30
On the Record
System of Tax Collections in Italy Drives
Manv American Advisers Frantic

plausible documents to prove It
and that. far from hts owing the
government anything. the govern
ment owes his home relief. or his
firm a subsidy.
Businesses keep two sets OF
books-at least two! - one for
themselves and one for the gov
eminent. And not infrequently
one for the shareholders. There
is enormous good will among the
about o-be taxed; firms are quite
willing to pay their employees less
than their salaries-on the books
and 1t has even been charged
that government bureaus some
times do the same.
Heavy Indirect Taxes.
The citizen. of course. pays
taxes. He pays very heavy taxes.
But he pays them in largest meas
ure indirectly, on everything that
he eats, drinks. smokes. wears. or
otherwise enjoys: and not on one
process Of production but on
many: they all add to the cost OF
living.
No leading member Of the gov
ernment defends the system. The
Prime Minister. Signor De Gas
peri. would like to trust the citizen
to tell the truth and slap down on
him hard If he doesn't. thus end
ing the friendly collusion that has
grown up between the collector
and the victim.
But there is a latitude and
longitude Of tastes and moral
values. Britain's austerity pro-
gram has not been able to abolish
dog races and football pools: the
Britain thinks II Is immoral to lie
about his income: the Italian
thinks any one who doesn't Is an
idiot. The italian. who at heart
is an anarchist-not a Fascist or
O Socialist--thinks 1t Is immoral
to deny life. or not be grateful TO
the sun for shining. or not TO give
thanks to God when the tax coli
lector has departed. properly and
respectfully cheated.
Travel Is discouraging to those
who believe that al human beings
are basically alike. and who hope
for q largely uniform zone world.
fReieassd b. shs BsGl Syndicate. ine.,
Evening star., 1949-06-30

Fascist dict a. Dose'n' 'h'"'''"'
torship behind a monarchial IA
cade, to a parliamentary demo-
cratic republic. All these changes
have effected. or been accompan-
led by. shifts in the social struc-
ture. But no Italian government
ever has been able to force or per-
suade corporations or people to
pay honest income taxes.
Deceiving the tax collector Is an
ancient and favorite sport. An
attitude which would shock an
Englishman. a Swede or a Dutch
manor a German In the years
when Germany has been a country
governed by orderly law-does not
even family disturb the conscience
Of the Greek. the Italian or the
Frenchman.
Bargain Over Taxes.
This drives many Americans,
especially those connected with
the administration Of the Marshall
Plan. quite frantic. at times, for q
proper economic order demands a
proper taxation system based on
ability to pay. and so distributed
as to bear heaviest on idle wealth
and lightest on production and
consumption. To be sure. no
country anywhere has ever de-
vised an ideal-or even q rational
tax system. whether under cap
italiSm or socialism.
However. to come back to italy
the annual visit Of the income tax
collector takes the form Of bar
gaining In an Oriental bazaar.
The state does not trust the citi-
zen to return an accurate state
ment Of his income. or that of his
business, gross and net. on which
taxes can be assessed-wtth pen
alties for false returns. II assigns
each person. or corporation their
tax, largely by guesswork.
Since the state anticipates that
the taxee viii pare the price. II
pats the tax high. The victim
then proceeds to prove that 1t Is
outrageous: that the home In
which he lives was Q gift from Z
deceased aunt: that his wife's jew
els are inherited: that his new
suits were bought on tick Or bor-
rowed; that he Ii In debt UP "a
his ears-and usually be has
Evening star., 1949-06-30
This Changing World
Fort Knox Gold Use Urged to Stave Off
Financial and Economic Crisis in Europe

crisis, leading TO q serious STOP
page Of industry. is inevitable.
Sir Stafford and his lieutenants
still are convinced, IT Is said. that
the situation can be renedied by
methods other than devaluation
Of the currency. Such methods
are the exclusive control Of some
markets where relatively stable
currencies prevail-Argentina.
Spain and possibly some other
Latin countries-and support Of
the pound from outside sources
These outside sources can mean
only the Fort Knox gold. which
has not been put into Use for for
eign countries yet.
The State Department. which
controls our military and eco
nomic strategy abroad. is believed
to favor supporting the present
value of the pound because it fears
the political implications for the
Marshall Plan and the Atlantic
Pact in the event that political
change is precipitated in Britain
by the economic crisis before the
scheduled general election time.
Little Help in Recession.
In some high Washington dip
lomatic quarters it is believed that
the Fort Knox gold now should
be placed in the firing line in the
battle for the political and eco
nomic sterilization Of countries
outside the Iron Curtain. In these
quarters 1t is pointed out that it
would be Of little help to us in the
event Of q serious economic recess
sion, since our own economy is so
tightly bound to that Of Western
Europe.
Moreover. it is added. there will
be no question Of exporting gold to
any foreign country. The needed
quantity could be earmarked for
a foreign account-such as Brit
ain's-and kept in the Fort Knox
vaults. Such an action, according
to some officials. would mean little
to the United States. while it could
save the economic structure of
one Of the pillars Of the Atlantic
Pact.
The fact that Congress may have
something to say about such q
transaction is the chief deterrent
to those who would be willing to
make such a move. But it is pos
sible. it is said, that Congress
might be willing to assist a con-
servative administration In Brit
ain rather than the present Labor
government, which is bent on
socialism and on regimenting
Britain's life.
Evening star., 1949-06-30
On the Other Hand
Having Wasted Own Time, Senate
Would Pass Buck to President

However, here we have 1t and
60-some Senators can't be wrong
That is to say. they can't be wrong
in their major premise. which is
that at this late date they are un-
able to vote with any certainty or
the exact amount Of money that
will be needed by the various Gov
ernment departments, assuming
their unwillingness to accept the
Budget Bureaus figures. They
can be terribly wrong in their
view that q 5-to-10 cut In every
appropriation bears some relation
TO real economy. sh@
Time Wasted Since January.
The Senators find themselves in
this fix because Of the time that
has been wasted since the session
opened In January-time that
could have been used to prepare
themselves to vote inte.ligently on
appropriation and other bills.
This wastage Of time was made
possible. and even certain. BY the
failure. when the opportunity was
offered, to revise the rules to per-
nit the curtailment Of debate
Instead of seizing this opportun-
ity. the Senate through coalition
Of Southern members and Repub-
licans, decided that time was one
thing on which 1t never would
economic.
Sit down In the Senate gallery
most any day and what do you see
and hear? One Senator address
ing two or three other Senators.
leisurely and at length on some
subject dear to his heart and. he
hopes. to the hearts Of his folks
back home. He must feel 1t Is i'm
portant, for he drones on hour
after hour. unmindful Of the fact
that his supposed listeners are
reading their mail while awaiting
their turn to duplicate his per-
pormance. Occasionally another
Senator steps inside the door. list
ems a moment and departs. per-
haps for a committee meeting.
II it is the committee hearing
Senator Hickenlooper's examina-
ton of the Atomic Energy Com
mission. in an effort to prove his
charges against Chairman Lilien-
thai, the Senator will witness an
other example OF incredible waste
of time. It has been going on for
weeks.
OF time. the Senate seems to
have plenty. OF the capacity to
use 1t, not much.s
Evening star., 1949-06-30

ent-he will resign and thus pre-
cipitate a cabinet crisis.
Thus. instead of waiting for the
general election scheduled in the
summer Of 1850. the elections
might take place this fall. with a
better than $3.50 chance that the
Conservatives will be returned to
power.
The administration in Washing
ton Is following the British situa-
tion with great concern. Secre-
tary of Treasury Snyder will leave
the United States soon for Lon
don. where he will pay courtesy
visit to Sir Stafford.
J Exchange of Views Planned.
During the exchange Of views
between the British and American
financial chiefs the question Of
whether quantity OF gold at Fort
Knox could be earmarked to sta
bilize the British currency will be
discussed.
The economic crisis in Britain
is due principally to the inability
of its industries to export because
Of the fictitiously high value OF
the pound. With the aid Of q
loan In 1947. amounting to some
So. .000, ,000, 900, and with the Mar
shall Plan support which followed
later, British industries started
producing on a large scale.
World markets have shrunk,
however, to about one-third Of
what they were before World War
II. II the governments stringent
controls on all phases Of life in the
United Kingdom is added to this
shrinkage of markets and the
present artificial exchange rate Of
the pound, 1t Is obvious Chat q
Evening star., 1949-06-30
Political Trade Realities
Republicans Deep in New Squabble
With Squeeze Play Against Scott

Committee itself can oust him,
To reports that the rlghtists are
trying to get the necessary l6
signatures from Is different
States to call meeting for that
purpose. he replies that it's news
to him.
Meanwhile the Republican in
cumbents who are up in SO and
who realize they will be more than
ever before the targets Of intensive
Democratic fire are beginning to
get slightly nervous over this con-
tinued advertising of the party's
Illustrations. All they want from
the differing factions including
Chairman Scott is silence and very
little Of that.
Deplore Farm Plan Attack.
They have several gripes against
Mr.. Scott beginning with the
charge that he talks too much
period. Specifically they deplore
his attack at the Salt Lake City
Young Republican meeting on the
Brannan farm plan. Republicans
in Congress realize they are on the
defensive with respect to farm
legislation. that farm support Is
vital to their 1880 hopes and that
it behooves them to be extremely
circumspect until they can find
out which way the cat is jumping.
They also object violently to
Mr.. Scott's opening the commit
tees letter files to Golfers Maya
zine for public revelation Of the
complaints that pour into head
quarters. Chairman Scott's an
swer to this Is that he has had
more than q hundred letters about
Golfers article. all friendly and
all revealing that Republicans are
glad they've got q sympathetic
friend (him) to talk to about party
affairs.
Other and more pointed per-
sonalities are being batted around
both in and out OF the many exec
utive huddles where solutions are
being sought. But possession is
nine points Of the law and Chair
man Scott is In possession Of the
headquarters. The Senate and
House campaign committees have
already mapped various detours
around him: they cannot wholly
foreclose his influence.
Evening star., 1949-06-30

G n a ! r m a n
Scott. a Dewey
choice. by the
alliance Of the
extreme right
W ng " it h
friends Of Har-
old Stassen.
It serves to
emphasize sew
eral realities
that the politi-
cal trade has al
ready grasped.
These are that
Mr.. Stassen s
aMhitinnS~ re-
Evening star., 1949-06-30

British, whose
financial an d
economic crisis
has reached a
n e W q c u { e
stage.
Sir Stafford
Grips, Brit
aims economic
d c t a I or. has
warned all con-
cerned that II
the pound Is
'devalued to its
r e a ! m ark e t
value about
1920 at pres-
Evening star., 1949-06-30

Zati o n S resist
change. even in
the midst OF
change!
w ars q n d
rev oluti o n 9
h ave shaken
Europe In the
last generation;
Italy. In this S
t | m e . h q s
changed from a
constitute o n ii
monarchy q n d
parliament a ~
democracy to a
Evening star., 1949-06-30

aE VIII q
grave look on
his faes. said he
would like 10
warn me q. the
risk ] VAS run
nina.
RISK ?" ] said.
puzzled Man.
these fish were
Just caught this
n 0 r u / 2 q.
Coaldn be any
!reShef
" ou don !
understand. " he
Evening star., 1949-06-30

sara. YOU q
better watch your step foa c
better cut out al this big ente:-
tanning. You're Democrat. you
know. and Il a Democra, gets =
reputation as a big entertainer he
is Liable to find himself appointed
American minister TO some fqre.gn
country. And ! know you wouldn I
ike that q bit.
Becomes Clear As n Bell.
My friend helped hinsee TO
some cole slaw. put an arm around
my shoulder and said. You know
what happened TO Mrs. Messa.
don't you7 So ! advise you 10 be
careful"
With the mention o. Mrs. Mesta
everything became as clear as a
bell TO me. BY golly, was asking
for trouble. what with my lavish
fish fries. wiener roasts. marsh
mallow toasts and celebrated Sat
urday night peanut and popcorn
soirees.
Have to cut 'em out. lest like
Mrs. Mesta ! be tapped by Presl-
dent Truman to serve this coun-
try in a diplomatic post across the
waters.
Every one knows about Mrs.
Perle Mesta. guess. As Washing
toms most famed hostess since the
death OF Mrs. Evalyn Walsh Nc
Lean. she gives parties like other
people give the time OF day.
I have never been to one OF
Mrs. Mesta's mobilizations OF the
great, naturally. but ! have heard
tell that at some OF them the
famous were SO numerous that
Cabinet members had TO eat at
second table.
Everything On Table.
As for the food Mrs, Mesta
serves-and here again ] must
trust to third and even fourth
hand information-well. they say
there Is everything on the table,
including jellied ear lobes Of llama,
understand that there has
been some criticism OF Mrs,
Mesta's appointment as Minister
to Luxembourg. and for the life
of me I can't understand 1t. Food
is what most OF the world Is cry
ing for. and from what I can
gather there Is always food when
the Oklahoma lady Is around.
Luxembourg can hardly get an
cry at us when its top officials
are stuffed to the gunwales with
Mrs. Mestas caviar. llama ear
lohes. etc.
OF course. Mrs. Mestas ap-
pointment could set precedent
which might, in time. prove
harmful. The Senate might con-
firm Toots <Shor Is Ambassador
to the Court Of st. James. Dave
Chasen as our Ambassador to
France. and Ernie Byfield Is Am
bassador -at-Large.
Still worse. they might even
confirm me as this country's min
ister to Lapland.
And I don't have a pair OF for
NAL ear mufis TO my name.
Evening star., 1949-06-30


Government to spend too much
money in the fiscal year begin
ming July /. they propose. by
Senate resolution. to direct the
President to slash all the ap-
preparations S to 10 per cent. This
would apply not only to appro-
priations already voted. but to
many billions on which the Senate
has not yet acted.
Hard to Believe.
Old Washington hands find this
hard to believe. even when con-
fronted with the signatures of all
these Senators attached to q Pc
tition, addressed to the Demo-
cratic and Republican floor lead
ers. asking that the resolution be
brought up as soon as possible.
1t is something definitely new.
Always in the past when the Con-
gress voted a rivers and harbors
bill appropriation, for example,
for Catfish Creek the President
was expected to spend every cent
of that appropriation. as soon as
he could find Catfish Creek on
the map.
To appreciate what a strange
thing 1t is that's happening. try to
imagine the reaction Of Congress
If the proposed procedure had orig
mated with the President. Sup
pose he had sent up a message
saying. "You boys 60 ahead and
appropriate what you think is
right, but give me leave to chop
every item S or 10 per cent" Days
and weeks would have been spent
protesting against executive usur-
patton Of the legislative function
Evening star., 1949-06-30
Mclemore
Gives Fish Fry.
Asks tor Trouble
By Hfnry Nrismeyr

gave ssa !-y !oy Aho4: So
people . .ew GAYS age. ard while
! waS tearing TITO = UG.2es y
friend tapped me CT The sAc1lar.
Evening star., 1949-06-30
By Dorothy Thompson

ROME CBy Airmail. Delayed
What makes people in social insti-
tutions behave the way they do?
How stubbornly races and civili-
Evening star., 1949-06-30
By Constantine Bro17n

Fort Knox and its billions Of
dollars worth Of gold now have
a particularly strong lure for Eu-
ropeans, and particularly the
Evening star., 1949-06-30
By Doris FIeeson

Republicans are deep in an
other yirulent family squabble. At
bottom it represents still another
squeeze play against National
Evening star., 1949-06-30
By LoweU MelIetf

Sixty-some United States Sena-
tors have just taken a step which
the sensitive ones among them
find somewhat humiliating. In q
Evening star., 1949-06-30

W q y IL is q
voluntary abdi-
cation oftheir
c o n s titutional
po W er q n d
r e s p onsibility.
They are ask
ing no, de-
manding that
tn e President
save them from
themselves.
Fearful that
t ey m o y b Q
authorizing the
e x e c u t ! v e
branch Of fhA
The Valley settler. (Palmer, Alaska) 1937-195?, 1949-12-09
@ Q PS ! ! !!
CO-OFERATCN - Cont. from

- - ~ N|fSf . O4Io' IL OAl pc
the cooperative type Of orgoniza-
tion is sub joct to complete direc-
tion and control by the state. The
C communist state uses the cooporQ-
tives as one method Of controlling
the population. With communist
there is no longer g free system Of
elections, freedom Of control free
dom Of criticism. There is no long
CT freedom for coopcrotivos to de-
volQp and grow. Adj that is left
is "coopcrGt i've sector" which
operate under G state soncti ion. The
cooperative organization. booomes q
state organ. In the communist
state the "peac eful rovoluJ ion" Of
cooperation based on the Rocndalo
Principles, is crushed.
Taken from article by j. A.Hough M.
Research OFFICER, British Coopera-
tive Union.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12
MILLION DOLLAR BRISTOL
BAY SALMON CARGO
UNLOADED IN SEATTLE

SEATTLE - The largest Alaska
canned salmon cargo of the sea
son 100000 cases from the Bris-
tol Bay area was being unlOaded
here this week from te freighter S.
S. Chief Washable at pier "a.
The cargo was valued, roughly,
at more than eight million dollars,
figuring at a rate of $27 a case.
The Washakie. commanded by
Capt. P. r. 'Blackie" Selic,
brought in the bulk of the Bristol
Bay pack. The Bristol Bay pack
was small this year. The remand
er. about 191.146 cases Will be
brought south by the SIS Harold D.
Y hitehead.
The freighter Square Sinnet was
due in Belingham this week with
100000 cases of salmon from Pr.
William Sound, Cook Inlet and the
Kodiak areas.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12
TINY BOY II RETURNS

The Tiny Boy II, captained by
Henry Hank" Bowman, returned
to Wrangell Tuesday night after
having been fishing in the Cor
dova area since last May l.
Capt Bowman reports a fairly
good season. Report put the Tiny
Boy II, as second high boat for the
recent salmon season.
Crew aboard the Tiny Boy II, in
cluded the shippers son, Henry
Tiny Bowman, Luke Riedeman,
Bill Dribble, Fred Simmons, Del
bert Krajewski and Dick Slough.
Bob Hartman, who was with the
boat until he had three fingers
severed three weeks ago, flew to
Seattle from CordoVa and will be
replaced by Tony saari, former
Wrangell man, who arrived from
Seattle yesterday.
Mrs. Bowman, who was in Cor
dOVa with her husband and son
during the fishing season, will re-
turn home tomorrow. She was
taking a trip to Anchorage before
returning to Wrangell
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12
NOTICE


IN THE PROBATE COURT FOR
THE TERRITORY OF ALASKA
WRANGELL PRECINCT, FIRST
DIVISION
NOTICE TO CREDITORS
IN THE MATTER OF THE ES-
TATE OF JESSIE MILLER, DE-
CEASED
NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN
that the undersigned has been ap-
pointed administrator of the above
entitled estate of Jessie Miller, de-
ceased. All persons having claims
against said estate are hereby adj
monished to present such claims,
with the proper vouchers, to the
U. s. Commissioner, Federal Build
ing, Wrangeli, Alaska, on or be-
fore six months from date of pub
LEGATION hereof
G. DON MILLER
Administrator of the estate of
Jessie Miller, deceased
First publication Aug. IL, 1949
Last publication Sept 2, 194s
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12
PHOTOGRAPHIC Sc
ALASKA INDUSTRY

Mr. and Mrs Fred Machetanz
arrived in Wrangell last Monday
from Juneau to complete in South
east Alaska. a motion picture of
Alaska and its resources and in
dustry They have been hired by
the Territory to make pictures
which will be distributed free in
the states to schools, clubs and in
terested groups.
In this area they are photograph
ing the fishing industry and lum-
bering. At present they are at
Olive Cove and Anan Creek cover
ing the fish run. and after opening
of the season. they will return to
town for local pictures
Local office of the Fish and
Wildlife Service is assisting them
in getting their pictures.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12
MARRIAGE TOMORROW
TO UNITE LAY MINISTER
AND HOSPITAL NURSE

Miss Dorothy Fry. register nurse
on the staff of Bishop Rowe Gen
eral Hospital, and Mr. Frank
Brady. lay minister for the local
Presbyterian church, will be unit
ed in marriage tomorrow afternoon
at one O'Clock. The Rev. Walter
Soboleff, OF the Juneau Memorial
Presbyterian church is arriving
from Juneau to conduct the rites
at the local Presbyterian church.
Miss Fry, who arrived here last
March. is the daughter of. Mrs.
Mary n. Fry of MELVILLE, Pennsyl-
vania Miss Fry graduated in nurs-
ing from the Germantown hospital
in Philadelphia and served there
on the nursing staff a year before
coming TO Wrangell.
Mr.. Brady is the son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Frank Brady of North Airing
ton, New Jersey. He attended Sc
ton Hall College at East Orange.
New Jersey and also Union Theo-
logical Seminary in New York
City, n. Y. He came to Wrangell
church which had not had a min
lister since departure of the Rev.
and Mrs. G. c. Crowell several
months ago. Mr. Brady expects to
serve here for some time to come.
Mr.. and Mrs. Leonard NJ. Camp
bell will attend the bridal couple
and the bride will be given in mar
riage by Mr.. E. R. Sharnbroich.
Preceding the ceremony Mrs. Z.
R. Sharnbroich and Mrs. Frank
Zepp will sing. Because" and 20.
Perfect Love-" followed by Lohen-
grin's Wedding March. played by
Mrs Sharnbroich at the organ.
Saturday evening at O'Clock
wedding reception will be held in
the church parlor for the couple
to which the Presbyterian congre-
cation and all friends are invited.
Pouring will be Mrs. Julius Ma
son and Mrs. L C. Bjorge. Mem
bers of the Ladies Aid are in
charge and will assist. Mrs. Frank
Zepp is in charge of arrangements.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12
sew SENTINEL EDITOR
PLUGS FOR STATEHOOD

SEATTLE - julius Ferney. ed
itof of The Sitka Sentinel for the
past year. said today that Alaskan
statehood could mean doubling the
population of Southeastern Alaska
in ten years.
If the Territory were made a
state Ferney said. "Alaskans feel
it would provide an incentive for
setting up of pulp mills and one
good. heavy industry, such as a
pulp mill in Southeastern Alaska.
could set off BOOM"
He added that Alaska needs fed
eral funds for roads, schools. pub
lie health programs and other pub
lie projects which come with state
hood
Ferney is returning to Alaska to
edit The Wrangell Sentinel at
Wrangell Alaska.
#*v%E
Mr.. Ferney will take over the
editorship and management of The
Sentinel Sept. /. on a years lease
with option to renew He is mar
ried and has two children. They
will occupy an apartment in The
Sentinel building
Mr.. Ferney and his family were
highly esteemed by residents OF
Sitka. Mr. Frney has had extensive
experience in the newspaper field,
both in the mechanical and report
orial department He started as a
boy in his fathers print shop. A
few years ago he founded his own
weekly in Richland Highlands in
Seattle. which he recently sold.
He leased and operated the
Sitka Sentinel after y years on
the Seattle Post-Intelligencer
The present staff of The Sentin-
ell is all going to school. Lew Jr.,
south to a university or business
college (he hasn't made up his
"mind'D; Jane to Indiana to limo
type school and Susan to the Uni
yersity of Alaska. Mama, who prob
ably needs education more than
any of them. will take up knitting.