davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-08-05
By John M. Hiehtower
Asxociofed Press Stoff Writer

Secretary of State Acheson to-
day wrote off China's Nationalist
Government as a total failure be-
fore the onslaught of Communism
and charted a new course Tor
Americas anti-Communist policy
In the Far East.
In a letter transmitting a Bit
tngly critical White Paper, includ-
ing the long-suppressed Wede-
meyer report, Mr.. Acheson told
President Truman that United
States policy now must be shaped
to encourage all developments"
in China which are aimed at
throwing off the foreign yoke" OF
Moscow directed communism.
The report, made public today,
is two inches thick and more than
1000 pages long.
Mr.. Acheson said the Commu-
mist regime serves the interests
"of Soviet Russia" He advised the
President it may lend itself to
the aims of Soviet Russian i'm
perialism" to start an aggression
against China's neighbor nations
U. N. Action Planned.
II that aggression comes. Mr.
Acheson indicated the United
States would try to block 1t
through the United Nations.
While not all China is under the
Red banner, Mr.. Acheson said in
another document of the White
Paper, the Communists can take
over the rest any time they want
and Nationalist armies will be
powerless to resist. He thus ad-
vised Chairman Connally OF the
Senate Foreign Relations Commit
tee March Is.
For the "ominous result Of the
Chinese civil war" Mr.. Acheson
placed full blame on Generalissimo
Chang Kai-shek and other leaders
of the crumbling National govern
ment. He said they "lost no bat
ties" in the last crucial year for
lack of American weapons.
Only yesterday Senator Know
land. Republican, of California
proposed, with the backing of IL
other Senators, that China be cut
in for part of the aid in the
81 ,45o, 900 900 program for arming
friendly nations. Under the pro-
posal, China would be put down
for $175,000, 900 and a United
States mission to the Nationalist
government would advise on its
spending.
The failures of Chang and his
men, Mr.. Acheson said, were due
Sac WHITE PAPER, Page A.
Evening star., 1949-08-05
Paris Calls Out
Troops 10 Halt
March by Reds
1000 on Guard to
Prevent Protest on
u. S. Chiefs Visit
BY the Associated Press

PARIS, Aug. 5.-Two thousand
police and soldiers in full battle
equipment and gas masks deployed
about the Place de la Concorde
today to stop a Communist pro-
test march against the presence
here of the United States chiefs
of staff.
The soldiers and police rolled
up in 100 trucks several hours be-
fore the time of the Communist
march. which had been announced
for pm. l2 noon EDIT.
The forces spread out in the
area of the American Embassy to
prevent Communists from carry
ing out their announced intention
of protesting there against the
Atlantic pact talks.
Radio cars, motorcycles and
several ambulances stood by.
"SatisfactOry"sTalks Held.
Meanwhile American and French
military chiefs held what they
described as satisfactory talks on
Western European defense.
The American chiefs-Army
Gen. Omar N. Bradley, Air Force
Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg and Ad-
miral Louis Denfeld of the Navy
left Paris on schedule before the
hour for the demonstration.
They arrived in midafternoon at
Fontainebleau. 40 miles from
Paris. for talks at the military
headquarters of the five-power
Western European Union. The
union is made up OF Britain,
France, Belgium. the Netherlands
and Luxembourg.
The party was given q smiling,
informal welcome by the unions
commander in chief, British Field
Marshal Lord Montgomery. and
his top officers. These are French
Gen. Jean de Lattre de Tassigny,
land forces chief; British Marshal
Sir James Robb, head of the air
forces; and French Vice Admiral
Robert Jaujard, chief flag Officer
for the naval forces.
See Eye to Eye.
Il think we see eye to eye" Gen.
Vandenberg said after the off,
GERS had talked for almost three
hours in the French War Ministry.
Gen. Vandenberg said no deci-
sions had been made, but that the
discussions had been very help
full"
French leaders had been re-
ported seeking assurances that
France won't be showed into the
background in drafting Atlantic
pact defense strategy.
Talks on Military Level.
Asked If the talks got down to
discussion of how far East to draw
Western Europe's defense line,
Gen. Vandenberg said I'VE were
just finding things out"
He also was asked If the talks
had concerned Frances desire for
a top role in the Atlantic defense
council. He replied:
Our discussions were on a
(See STAFF CHTEES pooe AZ
Evening star., 1949-08-05
Senate 10 Fight Today
Over French ECA Aid
After Barring Spain
String Sought on Funds
For Fronee Over Charges
By Americons in Morocco

The Senate, after barring Spain
from Marshall Plan aid, faced
another battle today to tie a string
to Frances part of the IS ,647 ,724,-
900 foreign economic aid bill.
The administration, with some
Republican support, late yesterday
upheld the action of Vice Presi-
dent Barkley in ruling the Span
ish amendment out of order, as
new legislation on an appropria-
ton bill. The vote was SIS to 36.
| Offered by Senator McCarran,
Democrat, of Nevada and ap-
proved by the Appropriations Com
mittee, it would have earmarked
$50, ,000. 900 for loans to the Franco
government.
| With this stumbling block out
of the way, it looked for moment
as though the controversial money
bill would roll on to final passage
New Fight Begun.
Suddenly, however, the admin
istration found itself involved in
4 new fight over a move to pen
alize France through ECA fol
alleged failure to protect the rights
of 81 Americans who went into
business in French Morocco after
the war.
After losing a preliminary skir-
miSh over this issue, Majority
Leader Lucas adjourned the Sen
ate until today in the hope he
would have more supporters on
hand.
The foreign aid measure carries
an amendment which would deny
the use of counterpart funds to
any Marshall Plan nation violat-
ing an American treaty. The
United States has had treaties
with Morocco since 1887 giving
equality for American citizens.
France agreed to uphold them
when she established a protec-
torate over Morocco in 1912.
Francs in Special Account.
These funds-in the case OF
France-are francs put into a
special account to match the dol
lar aid received from the Eco
nomic Cooperation Administrs-
tion. The ECA has control over
the funds. They total millions of
! dollars.
The amendment was designed
especially to try to end alleged dis
elimination against ex-soldiers
who went into business in French
Morocco after the war.
They report the French author
tiles use unfair methods to block
their efforts to do business-anC
refuse to give them the rights en-.
joyed by French businesses.
! Senator George. Democrat Of
Georgia, told the Senate he had in.
vestigated the Moroccan case an6
he sympathized with the Ameri-
cans there. He called the facts te
the attention of the State Depart
ment, he added, but the depart
ment has failed Ito exercise its
authority to protect these Amer.
leans"
Russell Urges Action.
Senator Russell, Democrat, oi
Georgia, author Of the amend
ment. declared the Senate had
the right to take action to protect
American citizens.
He said ECA Chief Paul Hoff-
J tSee FOREIGN AID. Pasd AA-so
Evening star., 1949-08-05

States, Britain, Russia, France
and China.
Gen. Wedemeyer's advice was
not followed. The administration
suppressed his report until today.
In making it public. Secretary of
State Acheson gave this reason for
the secrecy:
1T was decided that the publi-
cation at that time of suggestion
for alienation of a part of China
from the control of the National
ist government, and for placing
that part under an international
Icaa IrrI,DEn6EUEn Dee
Evening star., 1949-08-05
Truman Calls Leaders
To Push School Bill,
But Apparently Fails
No Conclusions Evident
At White House Meetinq
On Aid to Education
By Joseph A. Fox

President Truman today called
congressional leaders into confer
ence in an effort to spur action
on the controversial Federal aid
to-education bill. The meeting
broke up after an hour without
any definite conclusions being
reached, according to House
Majority Leader Mccormack.
Mr.. Mccormack expressed the
opinion that it was very profile
matical that anything could be
done on the legislation. which ha.
been stymied in the House Edu.
cation and Labor Committee aftel
passage in the Senate.
| Senator Thomas, Democrat. O.
Utah. whose bill has passed tn,
Senates told reporters after tht
meeting that he felt a bill woule
be passed and Senator McGrath
Democrat, of Rhode Island, also
said he was hopeful.
The trouble in the House com.
mittee has been stirred by the bill
drafted by Representative Gordon
Democrat. of North Carolina ano
reported by a subcommittee which
would deny any aid to private and
parochial schools.
Campaign Promises Recalled.
The Senate bill would permit
such as bus transportation and
health services where State laws
do not prohibit. Mr.. Mccormack
said the President told the con-
ferees that che was very anxious to
get bill through this session" in
order to live up to Democratic
campaign promises.
rMr. Mccormack also said that
everybody at this mornings meet
ing wants an education bill, but
there was some division of opinion
over furnishing such aids as trans
portation and health services. He
insisted that there is very strong
feeling in the House that such
auxiliary services should be pro-
Yided."
Chairman LesinSki of the House
Education Committee, another one
of the conferees who is bitterly
opposing the Barden bill. said he
would like to have the committee
sit down and discuss legislation
But, he added, no meeting was
planned. Representative Sims
Democrat, of South Carolina ano
some other Representatives who
are going along on the Barden
bill. tried to force the committee
to act.
Mr.. Lesinski said that he is not
satisfied with the Thomas bill in
its entirety and added, when re-
porters questioned him. that he
objects to certain workings"
1t was when he was asked If he
Ic. ErrIrArT0N d.. Acl
Evening star., 1949-08-05
Acheson Writes off Nationa|ists>
Charts New Course Of U.S.. Policy
In White Paper on Chinas S Defeat
Fovors Help for
Efforts to Shed
Communist Yoke
BULLETIN

Secretary of State Acheson
today blasted the Chinese Com
munists as tools of Russia and
declared United States willing
ness to help the people of China
establish true independence.
His remarks were made at a
news conference which followed
issuance of the White Paper on
China.
Evening star., 1949-08-05
New Arms Bill
Limits Aid 10
Listed Nations
Brood Discretion
For President in
Spending Is DeIeted
By J. A. O'Leory

The administrati ton gave Con-
gress a new foreign arms bill to-
day carrying the same $1,450 ,000.-
900 requested earlier, but remov-
ing broad discretion for the Presi-
dent in spending it.
The new measure names Specifi-
cally the countries to be aided
under the arms program.
1t was introduced promptly in
both houses by Senator Connally.
Democrat, of Texas and Repre-
sentative Kee, Democrat, of West
Virginia, and is expected to clear
away a substantial part of the
opposition which threatened the
original measure.
Chairman Connally of tbs
Senate Foreign Relations Com
mittee said the bill was drafted by
Secretary of State Acheson and
had the approval of Defense
Secretary johnson. Both officials
were closeted with the Senate
committees on Foreign Relations
and Armed Services all morning.
Follows Presidents Conference.
The new bill came on the heels
of the Presidents press confer
ence yesterday, at which he re-
vealed willingness to make the
bill more specific, but without
yielding on the amount.
/ Senator Vandenberg, Republic
can. of Michigan called it "a very
great improvement" and said it
substantially narrows the area
of controversy"
Senator Dulles of New York,
another leading Republican ad-
vocate of bipartisan foreign poll
icy. said:
1T avoids most of the glaring
defects in the original bill. There
remain some problems to insure
that this interim program will be
telescoped as quickly as possible
into the Atlantic pact program.
However. I think we are now in
good way to do the needful
quickly. The administration has
been cooperative and has shown
disposition to meet the point OF
view of Senator Vandenberg and
myself. That will contribute to
continuing bipartisan co-opera-
tion on foreign policy"
The new bill recognizes that the
arms going to Western Europe are
to implement the North Atlantic
defense pact and are to fit in with
the mutual defense plans to 90
worked out later under Article 0
of the pact.
Earmarking where the arms are
going meets the outcry which has
developed against the broad dis
cretion the original bill would
have given Mr.. Truman to send
arms to any nation whenever he
deemed it in the national interest.
Another major change meets
the objection strongly expressed
in the House committee that
weapons should not be shipped to
Western Europe until this Gov
ernment has assurance there will
be co-ordinated defense plans
under the treaty.
Money Allocated Specifically.
In place of lump sum in the
original bill, the new measure ear
marks the money as follows:
For the North Atlantic defense
pact countries of Western Europe.
81 ,160, 100000.
For additional aid to Greece and
Turkey, 10000. !
For aid to Iran. Korea and the
Republic of the Philippines, when
the President deems it advisable.
$27 $40. 900.
Members of Congress have
been discussing the original bill as
a 81 1,450,000.000 program. Off,
Ic.. AnnxC - :. a
Evening star., 1949-08-05
Bulletin
County Manager Removes
Montgomery Police Chief

montgomery PoHce Chief
Charles M. Orme was re-
ljeved of his duties as chief of
the Montgomery County police
today by order of County Man.
ager Irving G. McNayr. Detec-
tive Inspector James S. Nc
Auliffe was directed to take
over the duties of chief pend
ing action by the County
Council on Mr.. McNayr's re-
quest for Chief Orme's re-
moval. Neither MIR. McNayr.
nor Mr.. Orme could be reached
Immediately for comment.
Evening star., 1949-08-05

(See EDUCATION, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1949-08-05

(See TITO, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1949-08-05

(See ARMS, Page
Evening star., 1949-08-05

tSee STAFF CHIEFS, Page A
Evening star., 1949-08-05

tSee FTVE-PERCENTERS, A-5.)
Evening star., 1949-08-05

See WHITE PAPER, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1949-08-05

tSee, HUNT, Page A-5D
Smyrna times., 1949-06-16
SMYRNA TIMES. THURSDAY NORM NC. 1919

II months, and land values in this
State still are almost double tse
percent above) prewar average,
1858.
Referring to Current Develop
ments in the Farm Real Estate
Market, just released by the Bu-
reau of Agricultural Economics. U.
S. Department of Agriculture, DR..
Bausman points out that United
States land prices turned down.
ward 1 percent during the last IA
months ending March 1. This, he
said, is the first significant decline
in these prices since the late thir-
ties, though, for the country as a
whole, they are still more than
double the average in 1859.
During the past II months, the
prices of land purchased have con-
tinued to rise a little, but the g.
percent rise in the past year is a
slowing down from the 7-percent
rise for the previous 12-month per-
iod and the average of about II
percent a year in the war years.
In the past 4 months, land prices
were holding firmer in the Middle
Smyrna times., 1949-06-16

more than offset by declines in 16
States.
Voluntary sales of land in the
United States fell off about II per-
cent during the past year as COM
pared with the previous year; and
sales were down nearly third be-
low the peak shown for the year
ending March 1947.
Smyrna times., 1949-06-16
New Corn iiyprids

Corn-breeding research is now
being conducted at practically
every state experiment station in
the United States. New corn hy-
brids are being rapidly produced
to fit the areas not yet planted
with hybrid seed, and better yield
ing hybrids with greater disease
and insect resistance are being de-
veloped for areas where hybrid
corn is now being grown.
Smyrna times., 1949-06-16
FARM NEWS
Continued From Page Ten

planting these trees is october or
November.
Management practices that
growers can use during hot wealth
er include feeding birds early in the
morning and late in the day, in
creasing watering space, using
fans and blocks of ice, wetting
down the house if such seems
necessary, preventing anything
that would tend to excite the birds,
and watching the birds carefully
during sudden acute rises in tenn
perature.
Smyrna times., 1949-06-16
Farm Land Prices Down
First Time In 10 Years

After 10 years of almost steady
climbing, farm land prices in the
country as a whole appear to have
reached the postwar peak, says DR..
R. o. Bausman, agricultural econ-
omist at the University of Della
ware. Land prices in Delaware
have held steady during the past
Smyrna times., 1949-06-16

Atlantic and East South Central
States than in other regions. They
were declining in all the Mountain
and Pacific States and in scattered
Smyrna times., 1949-06-16

States in the East North Central
and New England regions. In
creases were found in half of the
States of the Union, but these were
Smyrna times., 1949-09-29

modern complete Sell Service Acme Food Mks with The
CuuIY Food
More Shopping
in
gisenng
Food Dept
possible
Bread and Rolls direct
forY qeYo shore of these
Evening star., 1949-03-24
By George Beveridee

Accidental household poison
ings of children should be added
to the growing list Of preventable
diseases, two Children's Hospital
doctors urged last night.
AS evidence of the need, DR..
Milton B. Rubin, intern in
pediatrics, and DR.. Adrian Ra-
cinos, jr., chief resident in pedia-
tries, cited cases of $50 children
who entered the institution be-
tween July, 1914, and September,
1948, for treatment of acute pois-
oning by household materials
they had eaten. Two of the
youngsters died.
The substances responsible-61
in all-ranged from lighter fluid
to ink, the doctors reported In a
paper to the District Medical So
eiety. They included floor wax,
hand lotion, nail polish, iodine,
shoe polish, wall plaster, wild
mushrooms and even a wax
crayon.
Nine Suffer Alcoholism.
Nine of the patients arrived at
the hospital in state OF acute
alcoholism. Their drinks included
whisky, wine, cologne, rubbing
alcohol and antifreeze.. Two Of
them were in shock, but all re-
covered.
But far out in front as the most
frequently ingested poison was
kerosene, responsible. for 81 cases.
Simple kerosene was responsible
in so of the cases and in two
others it was associated with DDT.
"Forty-eight of the patients
were colored-a consequence of the
use of kerosene as fuel oil in the
kitchens of lower-income house
holds" the physicians reported.
OF the $50 children, 149 were
colored, q fact more striking
when it is remembered that the
total number Of white patients
admitted to this hospital out
numbers the colored by a two-to-
one ration" they added.
Ages of the children varied from
1 week to II years, with an aver
age of 26 months.
Drugs Are "Poor Second"
Running a poor second" to
kerosene were barbiturates. headed
bv phenobarbital. These drugs
accounted for 18 cases, including
a 12-year-old girl who attempted
suicide.
Lye, primarily an aff1iction OF
the poorer classes" was third on
the list and substances containing
camphor were fourth. On several
occasions, the doctors said, cam
phor oil was given when castor
oil or cod liver oil was intended.
The next most common poisons
seen at Children's were: turpen-
tine. bleaches, cleaning fluids,
alcohols, phenols, salicylates, au-
brides, rat poisohs, insecticides.
belladonna, thyroid extract, boric
acid, sulfadiazine. mercury. furn1-
ture polish and baby powder.
One Of the two deaths was at
tributed to phosphorus, and the
other to wintergreen liniment.
Natural for T0ddler.'
Outlining methods OF treatment
for each of the classes OF sub
stances, the doctors said they
were struck by their undue &C
cessibility" in homes. They added:
1T seemed quite natural Tor the
toddler to sample a cocacola bottle
filled with kerosene in the kitchen
or a drinking glass containing lye
in the bathroom. Rat and roach
poisons were left in every con-
venient corner, and various and
sundry indications were within
easy reach on bedroom or dining
room tables"
! The paper won a $50 second
Evening star., 1949-03-24

Hospital resident In surgery, tor a
paper on Cancer Of the Colon
and Rectum," and a $40 third
prize was awarded to DR.. Cornelius
P. Frey, Emergency Hospital chief
resident in surgery, and DR.. Melvin
G. Alper, Emergency intern in
surgery, for their paper ON "Cysts
of the Pancreas and their Surgical
Evening star., 1949-03-24
Steps Asked to Save Children
From Household Poisoninqs

prize in a competition for papers
submitted to the medical society
by young interns and resident
doctors.
A $50 first award went to DR..
Francis A. Barrett, jr., Providence
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-06-18

North Carolina has given the
nation three native sons who be-
came President. They are Andrew
Jackson, James Polk and An
drew Johnson.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-06-18
Racial Segregation In Travel
Hit; Ban Demanded By Chiefs
CLARK AND
WILSON 0KAY
THE MEASURE

WASHINGTON, D. C.-Atty.
Gen. Clark and Industrialist
Charles e. Wilson teamed up
Wednesday in a plea to congress
to ''plug the gaps" in the civil
nights laws and forbid Jim Crow
practices in transportation
They testified a house Judi
ciary subcommittee. Each sup
ported a broad bill to put on tho
law books most of the recon-
mendations Of a civil rights
committee which Wilson headed
Clark said present avs 'faH
far short Of supplying proper
protection Of 'life. liberty, and
PROPERTY He said a ''large
number of our people" now Give
i'm fear and distrust.''
And he proposed new law to-
remove all doubts that inter-
state transportation facilities,
such as trains, buse, and air.,
planes. are 'iavailalble to all with
out distinction because of race
Or COLOR
Wilson, president of General
Electric company, said civil
rights laws have become Gin
creasingly inadequate and archar
ic.'
IF we now modernize these
statutes" he said 1--WE can make
them effective Goth century tools
for protection Of civil rights"
AS to forbidding jim Crow
segregation, Wilson said:
~ strongly recommend that
this legislative step be taken.
Segregation is one Of our ma
tiGn's' greatest social problems
and it will not be solved over
night
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-06-18
Vets. Administration
Build New Hospital

A ow bid of $7,111,O0O hais
been offered for construction of
a 500-bed tubeculosi. hospital
at Madison for the Veterans ADJ
ministratiOn.
The bid. some $685. 900 lower
than the next lowest submitted,
was offered ibv the Gust X. New
burg Construction Company Of
Chicago. Six firms in all sub
mitted bids On the project.
Conjunction is scheduled to
start 10 days after notification
CT the contract award, according
to the United States district en-
gineer's office at Rock Island,
Illinois. where the bids were ac-
copied. All bids are now being
studied and notice is expected to
go out in about week, the en-
.nee.'s office sad.
Erection Of the hospital will
Give Wisconsin four Veterans
Administrator institutions. The
others are at Milwaukee, Wau-
kesha and Tomah.
While Primarily 1 tULerculoE
sishosp:5al, the Madison project
is expected ito have a stable sec
ticn for general medical and sur
gical treatment.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1949-06-18
Noted Minister Gets
Honorary Degree

LINCOLN UNI, Pa. - Rev.
James H. Robinson, pastor Of
the Church Of the Master, Pres
byterian, at 122nd st. and Morn
ingside av., in New York City
was awarded an honorary degree
here last Tuesday, June z, OF
Dactor Of Human Letters.
Rev. Robinson. recipient Of his
A. B. derfae at Lincoln univer-
sity in 1885, matriculated in di-
vinity at Union Theological
Seminary in New York City.
Taking over the Church of the
Master from a white .congrega-
ton, Rev. Robinson has made
it one of the most outstanding
religious edifices of the city,
with expanded religious and So
cial services. 81 @ t>g
He was alo on the Board of
Sydenham hospital in an eXecu-
tive position and probably kept
it out of city control for the
long time that it operated as
New York City's first interracial.
He is a member of the African
Acambey Board and many other
organizations too numerous to
mention.