davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-02-08
On :theOther Hand
Ghosts of Two Former Presidents
Hover Over New Political Battle

not carried out because the mine
operators finally gave In to his
pressure and agreed to arbitration.
Taft Also Wrote Book.
William Howard Taft also wrote
a book, "Our Chief Magistrate and
His Powers" In this he took note
of the Theodore Roosevelt philoso-
ply and said: MY judgment is
that the view Of Mr.. Roosevelt
ascribing an underlined residuum
of power to the President is an un-
safe doctrine and that it might
lead under emergencies to re-
suits of an arbitrary character.
doing irremediable injustice to
private right. The handspring
of such a view is that the Execu-
tive is charged with responsibility
for the welfare of all the people
in a general way. that he is to
play the part Of a Universal Provi-
dence and set all things right,
and that anything that in his
Judgment will help the people he
ought to do, unless he is expressly
forbidden to do it. The wide field
of action that this would give
the Executive one can hardly
limit.
AS for seizing the anthracite
y,,ioes said Mr.. Taft. II venture
to think that Mr.. Roosevelt is
mistaken in what he thinks he
would have done"
He also said much more, which
his son. the Senator. will find
heartening as he prepares himself
for the fray.
It should be a great battle.
Copyright. 1e49, Globe syndicate)
Evening star., 1949-02-08


This fear goes back to the days
when I wore knickerbockers and
black-ribbed stockings and was
in the third grade. Where I was
brought up Valentines Day at
grammar school was mighty,
mighty important. There was a
box on the teachers desk and for
days before the big day the
children dropped in their valen-
tines.
Test of Popularity.
On Valentines Day they were
distributed, and the distribution
was the acid test of popularity.
Oh, how we suffered if we didn't t
get as many as anyone else. And,
oh, the torment that went IN our
spindly little chests if our rival
for the hand and pigtails of some
little girl got a gushy, lacy valen-
tine from her and we didn't. Re
cess was spoiled. The peanut but
ter sandwiches turned to ashes
in our mouths.
AS bad as the handing out OF
the valentines was on the boys, 1t
was worse on the girls. Usually
the prettiest girls got the most,
but every once in while home
ly little lass would come up with
the most valentines and. with the
understanding of children. half
of the class would chant, Sent
'em to yourself, sent 'em to your
self"
It didn't matter what kind Of
valentines you got. It was guam
tity, not quality. that counted
Most of mine were of the highly
insulting type. with pictures OF
near Idiots on them-idiots with
diversified heads. snaggle teeth,
clothes that didn't fit, and green
purple and blue hair. These val
entines cost about penny apiece
and were the work of an unknown
group Of mad artists.
Most Fun About Day.
The most fun about Valentines
Day, however, came in the shop
ping for a valentine for the teach
er. To have sent your teacher a
nice valentine-no matter how
young or nice or pretty she was
would have branded a fellow as
a sissy. We haunted a little store
searching for a valentine which
was calculated to let Miss Wheeler
or Miss Storm or Miss Crouch
know that we considered her q
demon on earth. =,
In this day and time valentines
Evening star., 1949-02-08


now. The king (tfe state), who
had bestowed upon the great arch
bishop many favors. broke with
him because of Becket's refusal to
accept the authority Of the state
over matters spiritual, where his
allegiance was to the Holy See.
Beckett went abroad, and the state
would have liked nothing better
than that he remain abroad and
not return to force. by his pres
ence, the issue. But Beckett. like
Cardinal Mindszenty, returned.
Beckett, an austere ascetic. once
had been a worldly man, loving
luxurious refinements. the fascin-
ating intrigues of politics. tenn
poral power.
Adored by People.
And although he was adQred
by the people of Canterbury
whose hearts were with him, they
by no means welcomed his return
for, as the chorus of women OF
Canterbury reveal in their chants
they feared, above all. further
expressions of the state that might
fall upon them from his stand
They were not heroes; they wanted
most to be let alone.
Nor was Beckett free of tempta.
tions, as presented by the foul
tempters in the most powerful
scenes of Mr.. Eliot's drama.
The first appealed to his OLD
Evening star., 1949-02-08

threatening the national interest.
He referred to unspecified inner
ent powers" Of the Presidents Of
flee as being sufficient to take care
of any national emergency. Pres
ident Truman, questioned by the
press, expressed the same opinion
Senator Taft was the first to
challenge this assertion. He said:
"The very suggestion that any
such power exists is a threat to
the American people"
Ghosts Over Battlefield.
So the battle is on and pretty
soon all the heavy thinkers in the
country will be taking part IN it.
Over the battlefield will hover the
ghosts of two former Presidents
who disagreed violently on the
same issue. One was Theodore
Roosevelt and one was the man
whom, to his later regret, he vir-
tually named as his successor, Will
liam Howard Taft. father OF the
present Senator.
Theodore Roosevelt wrote a
book, his autobiography. In the
course of it he said: "" There
have long been two schools Of po-
litical thought upheld with equal
sincerity. = The course I fol-
lowed, of regarding the executive
as subject only to the people, and,
under the Constitution, bound to
serve the people afflrmatively in
cases where the Constitution does
not explicitly forbid him to render
the service, was substantially the
course followed by Andrew Jack
son and Abraham Lincoln Other
honorable and well-meaning
Presidents, such as James Bu-
chanan, took the opposite and,
as it seems to me, narrowly legal
istic view that the President is the
servant of Congress rather than
Of the people, and can do nothing.
no matter how necessary 1t be to
act, unless the Constitution ex-
plicitly commands the action.
Most able lawyers who are past
middle age take this view. p"
my successor in Office CTaft)
took this, the Buchanan. view OF
the Presidents powers and duties" "
He related at length the plans
he had formed for selling the
coal mines with the assistance
of the Pennsylvania GOVERNOR
during the long drawn -out anthra-
cite strike Of 1902. The plans were
Evening star., 1949-02-08
This Changing World
Lange Here to Get Definite Commitments
On u. S. Aid to Norway in Any Crisis

| to take care of itself in case Of q
real aggression. The Norwegians
do not share the wishful thinking
of the Swedes. that Scandinavia
will be able to remain neutral.
The United States Government
made it clear that shipments OF
war materials to Western Europe
will not be given to nations which
stay out of the Atlantic Alliance.
The reason the State Depart
ment issued such a warning was
that we have a limited quantity
of defense material available for
the Western nations and cannot
give it to nations which are not
formally pledged to stand by each
other.
Fear of Quick Crisis.
The Western Allies general
staff, which is expected to be Gre
ated when the North Atlantic pact
becomes a concrete organization,
will be loath to spare any Ameri-
can military equipment for coun-
tries which are outside of that
organization.
Because of these considerations,
and also because of fears that the
crisis in Europe might develop
quicker than is generally antici-
pated. the Oslo government has
decided in favor of joining the
North Atlantic group of nations.
Sweden, which is practically
under Soviet guns, Is compelled
to take more cautious posi-
ton. regardless Of how its peo-
pie and government actually
feel. Soviet pressure on that
country has had a more telling
effect. The same thing may be
said of Denmark.
According to reliable reports.
the Russians still have a foothold
on the island of Bornholm. which
the Red army liberated" in 1945.
Although Russia is supposed to
have returned the island to the
Danish government, Russians still
occupy some military installations
there. Despite this situation. Den
mark may follow Norway's path.
since it is in more favorable
strategic position than Sweden.
because of its proximity to the
Netherlands and the British zone
of Germany.
Norway. like the rest Of the
Scandinavian kingdoms, would
have preferred to avoid any en-
tanglements. But the Oslo gov
ernment. under pressure from
Moscow, has become alarmed at
the international situation.
Evening star., 1949-02-08

powerful lIllaS-
ination to bear
on an event re-
mote in time:
The murder Of
Thomas Beckett.
archbishop of
C a n t e r b u ry.
after a "popu-
lar" trial by
loyal knights Of
King Henry II.
Without max
ing all-embrac-
ng parallels,
the issue then
VA 6 the same as
Evening star., 1949-02-08

! e 6 isl a tt o n
nearer to the
desire of Amer
ican labor. The
debate b e 6 a n
when Attorney
General Clark
expressed the
vie W tn a t it
wasn't n e ce s.
sary for the
proposed ne W
law to author
ize the Pre- S l.
dent to obtain
an injunction
against a strike
Evening star., 1949-02-08

tary bases at Constantine Brown.
the disposal of the North Atlantic
bloc unless the international stu
alton deteriorates to the point
where Norway would want the
Western powers to begin bolster
ing her defenses.
The principal interest Of the
Norwegian people and their gov
ernment officials is in what as
sistance the United States could
provide If another war should
break out, and how quickly that
assistance could be brought to
bear. The conversations between
Secretary of State Acheson and
Norway's top-ranking diplomat
are expected to turn around the
question of "how much and
when"
Cool to Soviet Offer.
Reliable quarters here report
that Norway has been subjected
to kind of blackmail by the
Soviet government. The Russian
ambassador at Oslo used every
device of power diplomacy to pre-
vent Mr.. Lange from coming to
Washington.
Moscow's offer of a nonaggres-
sion pact, covering as long period
as Norway wishes, was received
more coolly in Oslo. The memory
of Poland, which had a valid nom
aggression pact with Russia in
1889 when the Red army invaded
Eastern Poland, still stirs in the
memory of all Europeans.
The Oslo government rejected
the Swedish suggestion for a Scan
dinavian defense alliance not
linked to the Atlantic bloc. be-
cause they are aware that such a
defensive group would not be able
Evening star., 1949-02-08
THE EVENING STAR, Washington D. c. A-E
8

run as high as 81 and SO apiece
and have more lace on them than
q pair Of fancy drawers.
But what would be the sense
in sending one of those out when,
for the same money, you can get
800 mean ones.
Oh, I do hope that on Valen-
tines Day I'll get more than the
boy next door-Dr. Chandler.
distributed by McNaught
Syndicate. Tnc.)
Evening star., 1949-02-08

q e n I truman
again has put
the brass on
notice that mil
itary policy will
be determined
by civilians re-
porting to the
President.
Four months
ago the Presi-
dent quietly di-
rected the re-
moval of the
board from the
Pentagon to the
IL G4>4 IA
Evening star., 1949-02-08

quarters 10 De
more tn an a
mere "explora-
tory" mission.
The NorWe-
6 an minister
has already re-
ce i've d formal
a S S u r a n c e S
t r o m t h e
United States.
B r | ain and
France that his
c o un try will
not be required
to place mill
Evening star., 1949-02-08

and enjoy any,
thing but fun.
These spells"
used to worry
me until I sat
down and fig
ured out what
was at the bot
tom Of them.
They are caused
by the approach a
of Valentine 5
Day and my
fear that I
won't get as
many valen-
tines as the
Evening star., 1949-02-08
Mclen1ore
Valentine Thoughts
Bring On Spells
Bv Henry McLemore

About this time every year !
start having spells of nervous de-
preston. I can't eat anything but
food, drink anything but liquids,
Evening star., 1949-02-08
BY Constantine BrOsUn

The Washington visit Of the
Norwegian delegation. headed by
Foreign Minister Halvard Lange,
is considered in high diplomatic
Evening star., 1949-02-08
By Dorothy Thompson

The drama of Cardinal Minds
zenty already has been written by
a great poet G948 Nobel prize
winner. T. S. Eliot. bringing his
Evening star., 1949-02-08
By LoweH Mellen

A great constitutional debate
seems to be developing over the
administrations effort to repeal
the Taft Hartley Act and enact
Evening star., 1949-02-08
Bv Doris FIeeson

In asking Congress to confirm
his intimate friend. Mon Wallgren.
as chairman of the National Sc
curity Resources Board. Presi-
Evening star., 1949-11-18
Bids on 10 Road Projects
Under Study in Virginia
by the Associoted Press


RICHMOND, Va. Nov. 18.-The
State Highway Department today
studied contractors bids totaling
$448, ,309 for 10 road building prof.
ects on the primary and second
ary highways.
Bids will be reviewed by the
highway commission and con-
tracts awarded if prices are in
line with cost estimates.
The projects and low bidders
include:
Rockingham County, Route IL
002 mile reinforced concrete 4C
feet wide in Harrisonburg. Gar
rett, Moon Pool, Blackstone
$10.131.
Fauquier County. secondary
Route 643 and GIG. 4.65 miles OF
stabilized base and 1.16 miles o1
hard surfacing between Warren.
ton and Casanova. w. w. Sand.
ers, Warrenton, $64,575.
Evening star., 1949-11-18
Veterans
Guide
By Moi. Thomos M. Mol

To w. F. c., jamestown, Pa: Nc
part of the CT bill applies to
World War veterans. It never
has. Therefore, you are not en-
titled to a 4 per cent home loan
with so per cent Government
guarantee.
To E. j., Oakland, Calf: II
you want to know where you can
take course in baking under the
CT bill Cor a course in anything
else) you should write to your
States approval agency, prob
ably the State Department OF
Education.
It has a list Of all GI-approved
schools. Your VA regional office
could help, too.
From E. H., Westwego, La: II
attended a training school under
the GI bill for three months and
then had to quit on account OF
my regular job. When I quit
they told me to turn in the tools
had gotten from the VA. Can
they do that?"
The VA says it is not customary
but perfectly legal. eva told me
that if the veteran gives a gooo
reason for quitting his training
program he is generally allowed tt
keep his tools. But he doesn't
have to be allowed to keep them
From w. w. B., Taylorville, N
c.: II am World War II veteran
drawing 100 per cent disability
compensation for service-connect.
ed tuberculosis. I am still taking
out-patient treatment. When my
case is classed as arrested whal
will happen to my compensation;
You'll stay at 100 per cent fol
two years. You'll then be cut tt
so per cent for four years, ther
to 80 per cent for five more years
What happens then depends or
how badly you were Scared ul
when your case was active. L
your LESSONS are advanced" you'll
stay at 80 per cent for life. L
they were moderate" you'll sta!
at 20 per cent for life.
II you have no LESSONS you'll ge
nothing. These new rates go init
effect as of December /.
From E. NJ. Camargo. Okla.
my service-connected tubercu
losis was declared arrested in No
vember 1916. Does that 100 pc
cent disability rate for two year
apply to me? Where do I com
in on the new schedule?"
Starting December l, you'll b
treated just as though the nev
schedule had been in effect whel
your case was declared arrested
Had that happened, your tw'
years would now be over ant
you'd be drawing so per cen
compensation. as explained abov'
to w. w. B.
| You will continue to draw 81
per cent disability until Novem.
Der, 1852, and then you'll go tt
80 per cent.
/ From "a reader" Carbondale
Pa: will you please put in the
paper the last possible date I may
enroll In a training course under
! the CT bill? I was discharged in
1946 and have four years coming
! to me-"
II you never have taken any
course or other training under
the CT bill you'd have to enroll
Evening star., 1949-11-18

leaves Richmond at $3.50 pm. and
arrives In Washington at 1880
pm.
The petition set forth that pas
sengers and mail now carried on
II can conveniently be hauled
on other trains. It was argued that
No. 80 is a train Of little conse-
quence to passengers and runs
mainly to provide an engine and
crew for subsequent movement
south from Washington.
Both trains, the road contended,
are being operated at a con-
siderable loss and the discontinue
ance would save coal rs well as
money.
Evening star., 1949-11-18

or start your coufse-by July Is
1851. Your training may continue
to July Is, 1856.
you may 1Drite Maj. Mai in
care OF this newspaper in con-
nection 1Dith your otUn serDice-
connected problem. Inclose q
selt-addressed, stamped enDel-
ope.)
(From AP Newsfeatures.)
Evening star., 1949-11-18
1.-Two D. c..Richmond Trains
Discontinuance Asked
by the Assoeiotsd Press

RICHMOND, Va, Nov. 49,
The State cooperation commission
today had under advisement q
petition Of the Richmond. Fred
ericksburg & Potomac Railroad
for permission to discontinue
trains No. II and 80 between
Richmond and Washington.
Train No. IL leaves Washington
at 4::30 am. and arrives in Rich
mond at ,7::45 am. Train 80
Evening star., 1949-11-18
Hostesses on Trains

Long-distance trains leaving
Wellington, New Zealand, will
have hostesses to help elderly pas
sengers and mothers with young
children.
Evening star., 1949-08-25

Idered yesterday are to bs accom-
'plished by November / by the
Army and Navy Departments.
while the Air Force Department
reductions are due to be COM
pleted December l. Incidentally.
Secretary johnson. in announcing
the cuts. said: 1T is not con-
templated that the civilian posi-
tions which become vacant will
be filled by military personnel" ="
He also promised that a study
will be made to reduce the num-
Der of military personnel in civil
ian units.
AS disclosed here yesterday,
civilian employees are complaining
that the practice of replacing ci-
villains with military personnel is
increasing all the time, despite
Secretary Johnson's pronounce
ments on the subject.
fBe sure to listen II, Sundays
at 1915 am. over WMAL, The
Star Station, for Joseph Young's
broadcast Dersion of the Federal
Spotlight. featuring additional
neUs and Die,Ds OF the Govern-
n,ent serUice)
Evening star., 1949-08-25
Metal Industry WaIkout
Expecfed Next in Finland
sY the A.seelatsd prsss

HEI SINKI, Finland. Aug. 49,
A metal industry walkout appeared
today to be the next In the wave
of Communicated strikes which
have swept Finland fer more than
q week.
The strikes have led to q split
In the powerful Central Trade
Union Federation which yesterday
ordered the expulsionsof four Red
dominated afIiliates involved In
unauthorized walkouts.
1t was reported this morning
that demands. for higher wages
have been made by some groups OF
metal workers and that . strike
was threatened II they were not
granted.
Many metal workers are produc-
ing war reparationsI goods for
Russia. Two groups of metal work
ers-plumbers In Helsinki and
Turku ALREADY are out on wildcat
strikes. 80
The metal trades union has
some $4,000 nnembersa
Evening star., 1949-08-25
BY the Associated Press

A small boy whose mother saved
him from determination by pitch
ing him from a train headed for
q Nazi death camp was given per-
mission by the House yesterday to
become an American citizen.
The child, now seven years old,
is living in Canada awaiting action
by Congress to let him enter the
United States for adoption by Mr..
and Mrs. Morris L. Shafer OF De-
troit.
The Shafers obtained the child,
known as Itzchak Shafer, from a
French orphanage. He reached the
orphanage by way Of Poland. The
House Judiciary Committee. which
approved the bill, said the child
was thrown by his mother from
q prison train headed for Ger
many when he was two years old.
No one seems to know where he
was born, or what happened to his
mother.
The House passed and sent to
the Senate another bill to permit
a Spanish war orphan to come to
the United States to live with her
Evening star., 1949-08-25
Inferurban Rail Car
Rams Into Another
Coach, Injuring 19
by the Assoeiofed Press

MILWAUKEE,, Wis, Aug. as
Fifteen passengers and four crew.
men of two interurban coaches
were injured last night when one
speeding car hurtled into the rear
of another and split it wide open
OF the 10 hospitalized. Motor
man Leroy .Equitz. handling the
second train, was In the most
critical condition. He suffered
compound fractures Of both legs
and internal injuries.
The crash occurred in deer
railway cut when Motorman Ralph
Janus of the lead car stopped and
backed to pick up q passenger
Mr.. Equitz's car. running 3 min
utes behind the ether. slammed
into it. Supt. George Lederer Of
the Kenosha Motor Coach Lines
operators Of the transit system
said the second car might have
been travelling at . speed Of IS
miles an hour.
The rear train. carrying 20 pas
sengers. was split down the middle
about two-thirds of its length as
1t rammed partly Underneath the
other car. Many passengers were
pinned In he wreckagsg'T-a -
= Only seven passengers nwere In
the frst coach None was injured
seriously.
The trucks of both cars re-
manned on the rails of the elec-
trifled line which runs between
Milwaukee and Waukesha, about
20 miles west. The rear end of
the first car was hoisted some 10
feet into the air as the. forward
part of the other coach slammed
underneath it.
Evening star., 1949-08-25
BY the As.oeioted Press

NICE, France. Aug. 25.-Wins-
ton Churchill is suffering from
a cold caught while taking a dip
in the Mediterranean, his secre-
tary said today.
Although earlier reports said
Britain's former Prime Minister
was bed-ridden. they apparently
stemmed from the fact that 1t
was early in the morning and
Mr.. Churchill does not arise early
A police inspector guarding the
villa tt2old reporters he had seen
|Mr. Churchill walking around
later in the morning.
The 74-year-old ex-Prime Min.
ister's personal physician, Lore
Moran. fiew here yesterday tx
treat Mr.. Churchill. who Is staying
| at the villa Of Lord Beayerbrook
British publisher, near Nice.
Lord Moran's London Office Is.
sued an official bulletin today say.
ing:
Evening star., 1949-08-25
3Americans Pardoned
By Dutch in Arms Case
BY the Asseeiofsd Press


OKLAHOMA CITY, Aug. 25.-
The Daily Oklahoman said today
that three American flyers have
been pardoned by the Dutch gov
eminent from . conviction OF
arms smuggling. y
w. Seigrist, Wan, Okla. and
Albert w. Onstott. Yuba City, CAL
IT,, and William E. Hallam. Port
land, Ore, have been held In Java
Jai1s since last September. onstott
was sentenced to six years, Sci
grist four and Hallam Is months.
"The Dutch government state
ment said the pardons were given
not on purely legal grounds but
due to pressure on the case from
America" the Oklahoman said
After the war, the three flyers
began a small airline in Manila
They agreed to fly surplus arms
for British subject to Java.
The flyers claimed since they
made such flights before, to help
arm loyal insurgents, they be-
lieved the arms shipment to be
legal.
They were arrested on a British
police boat at Airaboe and released
to Dutch authorities without ex-
tradition. After three months
solitary confinement, they were
tried and convicted of smuggling
A subsequent appeal was denied
The Oklahoman said M. E
Pool of Senator Elmer Thomas
staff in Washington notified Sci
grist's father yesterday that the
flyers were pardoned.
Evening star., 1949-08-25


Vital Records In the Baltimore
City Health Department before
becoming information director.
A graduate of Columbia Uni
versity, Mr.. Seeman holds Q mas
ter Of public health degree from
the University of Michigan.
The appointment of Henry G.
Tier, chairman Of the Employees
Compensation Appeals Board. a.
vice chairman of the Community
Chest Federation for the Federal
Security Agency also was an
nounced today by Secretary Of
Labor Tobin.l chairman for the
Red Feather Government Unit.
Mr.. ner will be responsible for
organizing the appeal Of 100 Red
Feather agencies among employts
Of the Federal Security Agency,
He Is a trustee of the UCS 'o1
Washington and is q member OF
the Governing Board Of the Fed
eral Bar Association.