davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17
Obituary
Frances Josephine McCathrar

Funeral services for Frances
Josephine McCathran, (nee Ea-
tom, wife of the late Stillman j.
McCathran, ST., were held on Mon
day, February IA at the Birch
Funeral Home in Washington. In
torment was in Cedar Hill Gene
terry. Mrs. McCathran died on
Saturday, February IL at her resi-
dence, 4415 18th Street, N. W.,
Washington.
She is survived by two sons,
Rodney R. McCathran, Sr., of
Washington Grove. S. Jay Nc
Cathran, Chevy Chase; and a
daughter, Mrs. Bent Welsh OF
Washington.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17
Making plans for the future is
often a way to. escape. work in the
present.
Robert Peter, Attorney At Law
Rockville, Md.
1nklNI N 4 \ n M n q

nv NE III SRLD1 IOhO
NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN, that the
Subscriber of Montgomery County, has
obtained from the Orphans Court of
Montgomery County. in Maryland, Letters
of Administration on the personal Estate
of
JOHN j. MCDONALD
late of Montgomery County, deceased. All
persons haviag Claims against the de-
ceased are hereby warned to exhibit the
same, with vouchers thereof, legally au-
thenticated to the subscriber on or before
the 18th day of August next: they may
otherwise by law be excluded from all
benefit of said Estate. All persons indebt~
ed to said Estate are requested to make
immediate payment.
Given under my hand this 18th day of
February in the year of our Lord, one
thousand nine hundred forty-nine.
ESTHER B. MCDONALD,
Administrative
1921 Old Georgetown Road
24l5 Bethesda, Md.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17
Frank r. Long, Attorney
Kensington, Md,
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN, that the
Subscriber of Montgomery County, has
obtained from the Orphans Court of
Montgomery County, in Maryland, Letters
Testamentary on the personal Estate of
HOWARD A. ROBINETTE
late of Montgomery County, deceased All
persons having Claims against the de-
ceased are hereby warned to exhibit the
same, with vouchers thereof legally au-
thenticated to the subscriber on or before
the 18th day of August next: they may
otherwise by law be excluded from all
benefit of said Estate. All persons indebt-
ed to said Estate are requested to make
immediate payment.
Given under my hand this 18th day of
February in the year of our Lord, one
thousand nine hundred forty-nine.
SADIE F. ROBINETTE,
Executrix
1926 Highland Drive.
2413 Chevy Chase 15, Md.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17

Mrs. Byron Miller is at the
home of her mother, Mrs. Leslie
Mullineaux after spending three
weeks in Suburban Hospital, Beth
esda, where she underwent a major
operation.
Mrs. Walter Selby and Mrs. c..
U. Small entertained the Ladies
Friendly Club last Friday evening
at the home of Mrs. Small.
Mrs. Leonard Crown and Mrs.
Lucy Reed entertained the Past
Grand Club Of Rebekah Lodge on
Tuesday evening.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17
Clara E. OsmOnd

Mrs. Clara E. Osmond, wife of
the late Julian E. Osmond, died on
Friday, February II at her home
919 Grandin Avenue, Rockville.
Funeral services were held at the
Colonial Funeral Home of Robert
A. Humphrey, Rockville, on Mon
day, February IA. Interment was
in Rockville Union Cemetery.
Mrs. Osmond is survived by four
sons, Aubrey H., Frank j., Paul p.
and Earl E. Osmond.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17

Nothing is sillier than man,
in a big job, who is afraid of COM
petition.
Advertising works for intelli-
gent users, regardless of the state
of business.
Private initiative seems to func-
ton best when literally supported
by public funds.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17
Robert Peter, Solicitor
Order Nisi-

Robert Peter, Solicitor
Order Nisi-
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT FOR
MONTGOMERY COUNTY
AS A COURT OF EQUITY
No. 1888 Equity
LAVINIA A. WOHLFARTH
ct vir.,
Plaintiffs,
FLORENCE B. BRADLEY
ct vir ct al,
Defendants
ESTATE OF
FLORENCE J. LIVINGSTON
ORDERED, this 10th day of
February A. D. 1949, by the Cir
cult Court for Montgomery Coun-
ty, as Court of Equity, that the
Auditors Report filed in the above
entitled cause, be ratified and con-
firmed, unless cause to the con-
trary thereof be shown OH or be-
fore the 14th day of March next ::
Provided copy of this order be
inserted in some newspaper pub
lished in said Montgomery County,
once in each of three successive
weeks before the said 14th day of
March, 1949.
CLAYTON X. WATKINS
Clerk of the Circuit Court
for Montgomery County
True Copy-Test:
CLAYTON K. WATKINS,
2425 Clerk
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17
Sherwood High School
News

Montgomery Blair by a score of %
to 10. Friday night, Sherwood over
Rockville for two more victories.
The j. V. played at 1900 and won
by 35 to 10. The Varsity score was
AZ to 20.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17
NOTICE

Sealed Bids will be received by
the Purchasing Bureau, Court
House, Rockville, Md. on February
%, 1949 at Hoo A. M. for fur
nishing Montgomery County with
various Office supplies. Further
specifications may be obtained
from the Purchasing Bureau.
w. H. NERLICH
2412 Purchasing Agent
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17
125 HEAD OF HOGS
MODERN FARMING MACHINERY

late model tractors Mccormick Deering Model NJ John
Model Model spP9sf ef
ass foot br en eere leader @ Deere
plsts John Deere drill serial 1880 Mco
tractor be pulley for tractor set cqtivat6r guides cult
tractor pow Mccormick pickup baer motor No. 50 r.
KIP binder with take off, loading
mandrel and belt Mccormick steel cylinder shelter
Il p 1S neh p we
No. 81 with motor John Deere tractor disc
MODEL FORD TRUCK WITH CATTLE RACKS
John Deere sprsader rubber tires low down
steel Mccormick Deerng spreader fluid pipe
wagon box Bradley trailer
WITH PGAL WHEELS 1SP NEM CATTLE RACKS
FORD 1887 MODEL NODE an" P1cK EtiiH N TRUcK
Deinger hammer MILL 2 inch table; plat
1ooopound capacity sets heavy tractor chains
and fs
@ s mdd G SIDE wfE a sg
elevator and motor 50 cable Idea manure spreader
90 S Ss1
es fS low water @ with ID rubber
delivery y01 rsks low iS Dor bo
com ana fan to cool &C.
ot other and sms
tools etc. ladders extension cords shove brushes booms
USED lumber 2x0 2O 6x8 lot of harness. No wire fence
assorted bolts and nuts lead double shovel po lot of
paint 10 to ~ gaons garden cuvators and tools belts for
combine wooden pulley and blocks and ropes shng nails 20
pieces old tile pipe forks gallon drum grease
pumps for transmission hand grease guns bushng drill
cltvator eet hammers wire stretchers so Knives
pillow shares land Slides mole boards for pow gallons anti
freeze, drill press blades gallon Thermo freeze,
lbs. 40 nails, shovels
light cords hack sprayer unit motor;
lot mixed paints ptans seed Sewers electric brooders emery
wss and bos d 6s
chicken feeders pieces 36 inch houses
feeders and fountains motor oil tank pump gal
go foot heavy electric cord bale of insulating material
barbed wre 20 rods poultry wre gallon nseed OIL lot
harness of all kinds
DAIRY EQUIPMENT
Lot feed scoops feed CARTS rs milk barn scrapers,
push brooms radios in barns medicine cabinet 35 inch
hose bull staff wheebarow booster pump and motor 100
forks ropes feed barn siding calf weaners
salt minerals combs and brushes electric stock puncher several
stoves nearly
& FEEDS
225 TONS ENSILAGE IN 3 SLOS
IS of hay 10 bales of bar wne so bags wheat
ngs 100 barrels corn ess lot of baled straw and
hundreds and articles requiring lots of
space to mention to be sold.
NOTICE-This important that everything offered will
positively be sold to the highest bidder
.. ERMS-Cash and complete settlement to be made day
George B. Stevens, Sr Owner,
=, ~, Route No. 3. Frederick. Md.
1LENN TROUT. EMMERT r. BoWLUS, JOHN W. NULL
"AlMOND L. KELLY, Clerk
u and Refreshments. BAG
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17
William v. Bouic and Albert M Bouic
Attorneys at Law
Rockville Md
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

ROCKVILLE, Mo.
NOTICE TO CREDITORS
NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN, that the
Subscriber of Montgomery County, has
obtained from the Orphans Court of
'e' county, in Maryland. Letters
of Administration on the personal Estate
of
LULA L. NORRIS
late of Montgomery County, deceased. All
persons having Claims against the de-
ceased are hereby warned to exhibit the
same, with vouchers thereof, legally au-
thenticated to the subscriber on or Lefore
the 18th day of August next: they may
otherwise by law be excluded from naI
benefit of said Estate. All persons indebt-
ed to said Estate are requested to make
immediate payment.
Given under my hand this 18th day of
February in the year of our Lord, one
thousand nine hundred forty-nine
EPPA L. NORRIS,
Administrator
1908 "a St., NE,
2452 Washington. D. C.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1949-02-17
William v. Bouic and Albert M. Bouic
Attorneys at Law
Rockville Md
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

NOTICE TO CREDITORS
NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN, that the
Subscriber of Montgomery County, has
obtained from the Orphans Court of
Montgomery County, in Maryland, Letters
of Administration on the personal Estate
oil
MARIAN L. DUVALL
late of Montgomery County, deceased. All
persons having Claims against the de-
ceased are hereby warneu 10 exhiult tue
same, with vouchers thereof, legally au-
thenticated to the subscriber on or before
the 18th day of August next: they may
otherwise by law be excluded from all
benefit of said Estate. All persons indebt-
ed to said Estate are requested to make
immediate payment.
Given under my hand, this 9th day of
February in the year of our Lord, one
thousand nine hundred forty-nine.
ESTELLE H. BURDETTE
2453 Woodfield, Md.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-01-23
LichfieId Commander
Loses Damage Suit
BY the Associated Press

HARRISBURG, Pa, Jan. pa
Federal jury has denied a 100000
damage suit claim brought again1t
q Harrisburg book publishing firm
by Col. James A. Kilan, former
commander of the Lichfeld eng
landD Army Replacement Center.
Stackpole Sons, Inc, was defen-
dant in the suit. Col. Lillian charged
defamation of character as a re-
suit of publication of story of
the Lichf1eld base which appeared
in the book, The Purple Tesla
ment," printed by Stackpole.
Col. Kilian was found guilty by
an Army court-martial in 1916 OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-01-23

permitting "cruel and unusual pun
ishment" of Army prisoners while
commander at Lichfield. He was
fined $500 at that time.
William S. Bailey, Harrisburg at
torney for the Stackpole firm, told
the jury the story in question was
perfectly proper thing to pub
lish" and added it is substantially
true"
But Lewis Weinstock. Philadel-
phia, counsel for Col. Kilian, de-
scribed the story as literally false"
MI. Weinstock said the author Of
the story, Joseph O'Connell, was
never at Lichfield and wrote what
he heard"
In his charge to the jury, Judge
John w. Murphy said the principal
question up for decision was whether
the report of conditions at Lichfield
depicted in the story was accurate.
If 1t was, he said, the plaintiff was
not entitled to damages.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-01-23

a reporter the measure might 60 to
the Capitol tomorrow.
Representative Spence, Democrat,
of Kentucky, chairman of the House
Banking Committee, said he plans
to introduce the bill. 1t probably
will be offered in the Senate, too.
The Senate Banking Committee
already has a bill by Senator Myers,
Democrat, of Pennsylvania for a
27-month extension of controls. The
present law expires March l. Pres
ident Truman has asked for at
least a two-year continuance of
rent ceilings.
The Administration bill is under
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-01-23

stood to be very similar to the Myers
measure. Oficials said the one big
difference is that the bill being
drafted by Housing Expediter Tighe
Woods probably will not call for
putting new construction back under
rent controls. Senator Myers bill
provides for that. Thousands of
new dwellings,, including those
completed since such units were
freed of controls, would be affected
under Senator Myers plan.
Both the Myers measure and re-
portedly the Administration bill
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-01-23
THE SUNDAY STAR, Washington, D. c. ass


tee probably could begin hearings
the first week of February.
In the Senate, Senator Sparkman,
Democrat, of Alabama, is chairman
of a banking subcommittee which
will conduct hearings.
I'VE will be all set to 60 very
shortly after We get the Admins
tration PLAN he said.
Ambrosia was the food and nectar
the drink on which the gods of an
Gent Greece were supposed to feed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-01-23

Administration bill also is under
stood to provide for:
I. Restoring to the housing ex-
pediter authority to sue violators
of the rent law for triple damages.
2. Returning to the Federal Gov
eminent the power to regulate
evictions. State laws now apply.
Mr.. Spence told a reporter he
had not seen the Administration
bill, but we've been told we could
expect it any day."
He added that if the measure
arrives early next week, his commit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-01-23

would prohibit any new leases for
rent raises Of up to Is per cent.
Under the present law, such
leases may be negotiated in eX-
change for a landlords pledge to
the tenant that there will be no
further rent boost for a specified
period.
Leases negotiated under the ex-
listing law would remain valid un-
der the provisions of both the Ad-
ministration and the Myers bill.
But there could be no new ones.
Like Senator Myers measure, the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-01-23
Administration Bill
To Extend Rent Curbs
Ready for Congress
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
An administration bill repeatedly
calling for a two-year extension OF
rent controls and barring any more
Is per cent voluntary" increases
is about ready for Congress.
Oficials in a position to know told
Evening star., 1949-12-14

Miss Richards says it is inval-
liable training for girls, in ad-
dition to the fact that it is an
ideal recreation for the days
when ice or snow covers the
ground and they are denied the
outdoors.
"That was one of our biggest
selling points" recalled Charley.
"You know how it is when you
catch a bad day with a house
full Of kids and nothing to keep
'em busy"
Gentle, a native of New Ha-
ven, Conn.,, tried boxing for
Maryland way back in 1924-25
when it was a hit-or-miss sport.
He says he left his old New
England home for a Southern
address and thought it deep in
the heart of the cotton belt
when he reached College Park.
IT was a lightweight, but not
too hot" he confided. But
this bowling =. Now there's a
good, healthy game everybody
can enjoy" concluded the gent.
who hasn't bowled a game in
his life.-ATCHISON.
Evening star., 1949-12-14
Public High Basket
Series Is Shifted
To UIine Arena

Games in the District public
high school basketball series will
be played at Uline Arena this sea-
son, the Board of Principals hav-
ing approved the shift at yester-
days meeting. Last years games
were at the Armory.
Most of the tilts will be Sat-
urday afternoon double headers,
although two Friday after noon
and two Wednesday afternoon
dates are on the list. Two night
dates also were arranged. one of
them the semifinals on Wednes-
day night, February %.
The series opens on January 6
and runs through February Is.
The teams are divided into two
divisions with the top two teams
in each going into the champion
ship tournament. In the North
Division are Wilson, Anacostia,
Eastern, Chamberlain and West
ern, and in the South Division
are Tech, Central, Bell, Roosevelt
and Coolidge.
Friday. January s-coolidge VS.. Wilson
Eastern VS.. Mckinley Tech uline'
3:15 pm.
Roosevelt. Anssostis Us. western. Bell vs.: vs.
Friday, January l3-Central vs., Ana
costa, Eastern, VS.. Wilson, Uline, 8 pm.
Mckinley A$t Tech, Western vs.. Chamberlain,
Bell VS. Roosevelt, Uline. 2 pm:
Wednesday, January lS-Ben VS.. West
ern- Chamberlain VS.. Wilson, Uline'
Msknes Sstassa' Techs Ssnssss Goodss vs.
Coolidge Coolidge at Roosevelt, Sis pm; Bell Al
Mckinley Tech. 3:15 pm; Chamberlain at
Anacostia, 3:15 pm. ~
Saturday. February 4-Roosevelt vs. vs..
Bell vs.. Coolidge, Uline. 3:l5 pm.
Saturday February wli,oI mEassseRR McR,nley ~,
Tech VS.. Chamberlain, Uline. pm.
Wednesday, February 15-chamberlsin
vs.. Eastern. uline. 3:15 p.m ,v,-,. r..,
Western v; M10'sr'Wsii vs.. Wilson. 6iine. 2 pm
wednesday, February 22 Seminal
playo1s,. Uline. 8 pm.
Saturday. February 25-Finals, uline.
2:30 pm.
Evening star., 1949-12-14
by Lewis F. Atchison

Time was when a girl who
wrote a neat composition, had
q nodding acquaintance with
French and knew a few his
torical dates was considered
educated. Now she must know
enough about bowling to keep
score, locate the No. S pin and
heave a ball straight down the
alley before being considered
polished enough to rub elbows
with Ph.D.'s.
Bowling is a course in physi-
cal education for girls at the
University of Maryland and,
indeed, in Junior and senior
high schools throughout the
State. 1t all began, according
to Charley Gentle, back in the
depression days of the 1905.
Charley's bowling plant at Col
lege Park was deader than last
summers roses when he was
snitten with the idea of in
Producing college girls into
duckpin society.
"Tne depression was on full
tilt" Charley recalled, land we
knew if we could persuade
women to bowl business would
pick up, but most Of 'em were
tinid about being seen around
a bowling alley"
Gentle, with the late George
Isemann's aid, put the idea be-
fore the university's physical
education authorities, who,
quite naturally, frowned on it.
But an instructor, Miss Betty
Rawley, was won over by the
argument. that bowling was just
as healthy for girls as shooting
bows and arrows and knocking
a hockey ball around the field,
and Charley says she persuaded
the university fathers to give 1t
q try.
None of Charley's regular
customers recognized the place
the first year the girls came to
bowl. They were shooed out
after noticing that it was swept
cleaner than a new kitchen.
For a faculty" Isemann got
Lorraine GULL, then the wom-
ems national champion, and
Perce Wolfe to assist Charley.
Wolfe was a top-hight bowler,
too, but since has been forced
into semiretirement by his du-
ties as a member of the Prince
Georges branch of the Mary
land Park and Planning Com
mission. From them, the co-eds
learned to keep score, set up
pins, etc., but it wasn't long
before they knew a strike from
q spare. One had high score at
the Brookland Alleys in The
Evening Star tournament the
second year she boWled.
Jacqueline Richards, a men,
Der of the women's physical ed
ucation staff at Maryland,
thinks you'd be surprised to see
how well the girls bowl and how
much they know about the
game. Each girl sets up two
!. boxes of pins for her school,
mates during the 50-minute
sessions they have three times
a week. They think its fun.
Evening star., 1949-12-14

d1ate area; then 60 elsewhere TO
fill the gaps.
On another subject, Tatum said
| he thinks the free substitution rule
is coming back. But for the most
part he indicated that he wishes
the rules wouldn't be changed so
often.
Il wonder if the coaches really
know what they want" he re-
marked.
He rated his Maryland team as
good defensively as about any in
the country. But it has "just
good college offense," Tatum said.
Evening star., 1949-12-14
|Tatum Calls Florida
Reports Just Guesses
By the Assoeioted Press

|
JACKSONVILLE, Fla. Dec. a.
Reports linking Jim Tatum OF
Maryland to the vacant coaching
post at the University of Florida
are just guesses, according to the
Terrapin's football mentor.
II have not applied for the job
at Florida and it has not been
offered me-" he declared last
night.
Tatum said he was in Jackson
vile to help promote interest in
the January 2 Gator Bowl game
matching Maryland against Mis-
souri, and to speak at last nights
meeting of the Jacksonville Quar-
terback Club.
He told club members that a
football coach needs more mate
rial than he can get close to home
ia coach first has to get all the
| good boys available in his imme-
Evening star., 1949-12-14
THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. c. ~ C-3

presiding steward at the Cali
ente and Tanforan tracks.
Longden is currently riding at
Tanforan.
Marty said Longden and Mrs.
Davis would select mounts from
the best of Caliente's thorough
breds. Distance of the race is
yet to be decided.
Mrs. Davis has ridden in
more than 1000 races on minor
tracks.
EASTERN HOCKEY LEAGUE.
Boston, 4 Atlantic City, 2:
Milwaukee, 4; Grand Rapids, 3.
Evening star., 1949-12-14
Woman Jockey
To Race Against
Johnny Lonqden
By the Assoeioted Press

Aqua CALIENTE, Mexico,
Dec. 14.-A woman will match
her horse race riding skill
against Johnny Longden. Amer
ica's leading jockey, here Sun
day.
The woman is Mrs. Wantha
Davis of Arizona, a native OF
Liberal, Kans., and mother of
a 9-year- old son. Her husband
is L. L. Davis, Arizona horse
trainer.
Walter c. Marty, general
manager of the Caliente track,
said Longden had sent an ac-
ceptance for the match race
through George w. Schilling,
Evening star., 1949-12-14
Gurdes at West Point

WEST POINT. N. Y. Dec. IA
(SpeciaD Cadet George Gardes
of Arlington, Va, is member OF
the IL Co. team that won the
Iintramural football championship
at the Military Academy here. He
also is on the varsity hockey and
| lacrosse teams.
Evening star., 1949-12-14
Kramer Downs Gonzales
Leads by n Matches
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
PRINCETON. N. j., Dec. IA
Kramer, 27; Gonzales, 6.
That's the way their Nation
wide tennis score stands today,
after veteran Jack Kramer
dumped Pancho Gonzales, 6-1,
81 last night before $500 fans
at Princeton's Dillon Gym.
Evening star., 1949-12-14
Gator Bowl Rivals
Scout With Films

In lieu of scouting reports on
each other, Gator Bowl oppo-
nents Maryland and Missouri
are exchanging movies of sew
eral of their games this season.
Missouri has asked for Mary
land films of the Boston Uni
versity and Miami games, while
Maryland is getting Missouri
games against Oklahoma and
Kansas.
The Oklahoma films are the
only ones which have arrived
at College Park, and they were
tabled by Coach Jim Tatum as
mot much good"
They're out of focus or
something" he said.
Today three years ago-Jack
Kramer and Pauline Betz head
ed the United States lawn ten
~,;e. ,o}iooo1 roy,kir0c
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-01-15

walton service technicians and worked out a
conservation plan for the land he had then.
The land was classified as to its capabilities,
grazing capacities and schedules were
worked out, and the locations of added wa
tering places were chosen.
Crop Land Back TO Grass Land
Crusch is putting the formerly cultivated
land back into crested wheat as fast as he
can. He wants to do but little farming, but
feels that he had better have about 100 acres
to raise corn and oat hay for feed.
"Only a little Of the land in this area is
good for farming except in occasional
years." he said. "It's too steep, to begin with.
Then the rainfall is usually a little short
for crop production. And some of the soil
just isn't suited for crops even if the rainfall
were plentiful"
That's where the Sos land capability
classification helps. 1t shows whether there
is any land suited for cultivation and where
it is.
Even so, Crusch is doing quite a bit of
farming at present. But it is part of his
program Ct getting the former, cultivated