davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
THANKSGIVING

On Thanksgiving Day it is not enough to say, 81 am thank
full that the American way of life is wonderful"
1t is not enough merely to talk about the rights and re-
sponsibities of citizenship on holidays and other patriotic
occasions. This emphasis on good citizenship must become
a part of our daily lives. American freedom will continue
only if American citizens are resolved to perform personal
sacrifices in it's behalf, every day of the year.
Democracy demands more civic responsibility than any other
form of government. Being a citizen in a democracy entails
more work than any other type of citizenship in the world.
For its successful operation, democracy demands an active,
personal citizenship. If individual citizens do not partici-
pate, democratic government becomes a mockery, and our
freedoms will disappear.
For example, the freedom of the ballot depends upon our
duty to vote inteligently. Our right to a fair trial rests
upon our readiness to serve on the jury when called. The
right to worship God in our own way parallels our duty to
extend respect to the religious beliefs of others. Freedom
of others. Freedom of the press depends upon the obhga-
tions of the press to publish the truth as it sees it.
The right to equality of opportunity and freedom from
discrimination depends upon our Tefraining from racial, re-
igious and class prejudices. The right to assure our chill
dren of a free education depends upon our obligation to take
an active interest in educational issues and to pay taxes to
support the public schools. Our right to work in an occupa-
ton and locality of our choice and our right to own property
rest upon our duty to extend similar rights to our fellow
men. And our right to participate in community, state and
national affairs will not last long unless we conscentiously
discharge our duty to participate in such affairs.
Today our way of life is being challenged as it has never
been challenged before. The world of liberty loving men
looks to us for example and leadership. We must be imbued
with the same unselfish zeal that inspired our %forefathers
Wnen Cney pledged Cnelf lives, fortunes ana sacred hOnOr TO
support the principles of the Declaration of Independence,
the Constitution and the Bill of Rights.
So we must remind ourselves that ever since the first
Thanksgiving Day in 1921, this has been an occasion not
only for giving thanks, but also for resolving to do some
thing about the problems which confront us, our community
and our nation. The gallant band Of Pilgrims thanked God
for their blessings, but also believed that the only way to
extend their blessings was to work hard and live up to their
responsibilities.
Though we are genuinely grateful for our great American
Heritage we must not be content to rest upon that thankful
ness. Not only must we preserve the freedoms handed down
to us, but we must also expand and improve those freedoms.
On this Thanksgiving Day we must remember that liberty,
as Jefferson said, cannot be completely inherited, but "must
be won anew for every issue in every generation"
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
GERMANY:
CTS to Stuy

Russia might do as she pleased
about occupying Germany, but the
western allies intend to keep their
troops in that country whether or
not the Russians pull out.
THAT was the statement of a
west German government spokes-
man who indicated this was one
of the decisions reached at the
big three Paris conference.
U. S. secretary of state Dean
Acheson and German chancellor
Konrad Adenauer had agreed upon
the need for keeping western troops
in Germany.
This same spokesman said the
appointment of Soviet Marshal
Konstantin Rokossovsky as COM
mander-in-chief of the Polish army
was construed to mean that Rus
sian troops would be withdrawn
from eastern Germany soon.
EVEN THOUGH the Russians
should withdraw their troops, this
same source said, the Russian
secret police and the Soviet-trained
German peoples police still would
remain.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
ITALY,:
New Weapons

Experience, though a h a r q
teacher, is supposed to teach well.
In international events, however,
this doesn't always follow.
FOR INSTANCE, Italy, two-time
foe Of tn democracies in as
many world wars, will be rearmed
soon if t~op-planners of the Atlantic
pact countries have their way. Dis
cusSions looking toward rearming
the Italians under the Atlantic pact
already were underway between
~high-ranking U. S. and Italian mill
tary officers and diplomats.
James C. Dunn, U. S. ambassa-
dor to Italy, attended the first of
a series of closed sessions aimed
at undermining and re-equipping
Italy's treaty-limited armed forces
under the Atlantic pact's defense
system.
ITALY'S RECORD in connection
with d~isservice to the democracies
smells to high heaven. In World
Wal I the country started out with
Germany and the Central Powers
and turned coat only when it was
evident her side was losing. In
World War II, she started out with
II Duce Mussolini and forsook him
only when it became apparent she
on the wrong horse again.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
THE PRESS:
285th Yeur

With te~chnicalities waived, the
Official London Gazette, beginning
its 285th year of continuous publ
cation understandable laid claim
to being the worlds oldest news
paper.
THE twice = weekly government
paper began publication in 1865
during the great plague which raw
aged London. Since that time it
has been the appointed organ for
dissemination of all Announce
ments of the chief executive"
The paper is issued each Tues
day and Friday with official an
nouncements from Buckingham
palace, Number 10 Downing street,
official residence of the prime min
lister, and government depart
ments. And it never publishes
much else.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
FARM RATS:
A Formula

The farmers in the Rio Grande
tomato fields were beginning to
get results in their interminable
war on rats after garnishing their
crops with poisoned grain.
A FEW WEEKS AGO the rats
were swarming into tomato and
green pepper fields near La Grul-
la, Tex. They spread methodically
up and down the Rio Grande until
the invasion covered a 15-mile
strip, one to two miles wide in
places. Farmers lost first pickings
completely in several fields.
Then they began to dust their
crops with poisoned grain. Said
grower Ralph Jones: THAT poison
sure does the business. It's stopped
the losses"
But not before serious damage
was done to 1000 irrigated and
cultivated acres.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
RAILS:
Fares Up

The third fare increase for east
ern railroads in the past three
years has been authorized by the
interstate commerce commission.
The increase this time amounted
to a 1875 per cent hike in rail
passenger fares in the East, esti-
mated to give the railroads anoth-
er 1878 million dollars a year in
revenue.
THE RISE applies to the area
east of the Mississippi river and
north of the Ohio and Potomac
rivers. Commuter fares were not
to be affected.
In 1947 these same roads were
granted a 10 per cent boost in
passenger fares, and last year
another hike of approximately II
per cent. Southern and western
railroads did not apply for the in
crease granted the eastern roads.
THE NEW RATES, it was said,
would raise eastern coach fares
to about 3.37 cents a mile, and
parlor-car and sleeping-car fares
to about AS cents a mile.
In New York, a railway official
said the new increase would boost
one-way coach fares from New
York to Chicago from S27.30 to
SCOTS. First class fares would be
raised from s36.35 to $40.89.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
US. PAY ROLL:
Tops 10 Billion

United States government opera
tional expense, long in the astro-
nomical bracket, had reached a
total annual figure Of 10 billion,
200 million dollars. That figure, in
the aggregate, is almost meaning
less to the average American. But
broken down to show how it af-
fects the individual, it could be
brought very mucn home to the
taxpayer. 1t was costing each
American 1927 per capita.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
PEACE TRY:
Reds Asked In

Russia's Andrei Vishinsky hac
said, in effect, to United Nation:
members: Set up an atomic con
troll system of periodic inspection
of manufacture and materials, and
Russia will let you in to inspect
Monday, Wednesday,, Friday, this
week and next Week-but instead
you want to inspect from minute
to minute, day by day, week by
week.
THE U. N. didn't go for that.
Russia, its members claimed, was
referring only to declared manu-
facture and materials, but what
Of the hidden and undeclared"
production and stockpiles. Vishin-
sky got nowhere with his proposal.
Then, the U. N. turned around,
placed the shoe of warmongering
on the foot upon which they felt
1t belonged. The United States and
other western powers called upon
Russia to stop its campaign of
hate and cooperate in a 12-point
program for peace.
The IL points were: Stop threat
ening or using force contrary to
the U. N. charter. Stop interfering
with the independence of any other
country and the fomenting of civil
strife. Carry out in good faith all
international agreements. Afford
all U. N. bodies full cooperation.
Promote full freedom of religion
and political expression and full
respect of all other fundamental
rights. Promote higher standards
of living for all peoples. Remove
information barriers. Participate
fully in the U. MS work. Settle
international disputes peacefully.
Cooperate in ornaments control.
Agree to exercise national sover-
eighty jointly with other nations
to attain international control of
atomic energy. Urge five big pow
ers to broaden their cooperation
in the security council OF the U. NJ,
and to exercise restraint In using
the veto.
THE FIRST REACTION of those
c~onversant with Russian policy as
it has been manifest thus far must
have wondered if the western pow
ers had taken complete leave of
senses in making any such
proposal to Moscow. They might
we'll have asked the Russians
to turn over the Kremlin to the
Christian Endeavor society, enroll
Joe Stain as a Boy Scoutmaster,
and to turn the politburo into a
choral society. Even a
kindergarten child would have
znown better than to expect Soviet
agreement to any of the IL points.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
A-BOMBS:
Men at Work

According to a British-licenseo
Berlin newspaper, the Telegraf.
Russians are operating a plant
neal Berlin to produce explosives
used solely for making atomic
bombs.
THE PAPER, giving no authori-
ty for the source of it's informa-
ton declared, nevertheless, that
the plant where the explosives are
being made is the peoples owned
Teerchemie plant in Erkner, SUBJ
urban east Berlin. The newspaper
story said 600 workers were en-
ployed on the project.
1t said the plant produced a
chemical called "carbazol" which
the paper described as highly ex-
plosive.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
Rocket With Brain

The U. S. air force appeared
ready to hold its own in the guided
missile department. 1t announced
it had a rocket-propelled guided
missile with human intelligence"
in tracking and destroying enemy
aircraft.
Launched from a mother" jet
fighter plane the missile. named
the ~"Firebird." is capable of head
ing off and destroying its objective
in a matter of seconds.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
''PiOneer"

The 98-year-old wood burning
locomotive Pioneer" highly
treasured for its early speed rec
ords and participation in the Civil
war, was built in 1851 by Seth
Wilmarth at Boston for the Cum
berland Valley railroad, now part of
the Pennsylvania railroad. The To-
connective frequently attained a
speed of go miles an hour.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23

Tulks Back

The United States senate. col
lectively and individually. has
been called by some colorful and
lurid names-but it remained for
some Swedish editors to hurl the
most devastating blast at that au-
gust body.
A SWEDISH NEWSPAPER, the
liberal afternoon Expressen, had
this to say:
1.-THE u. s.. senate is certainly a
high assembly, but it is also a
dumping place for all sorts Of
quaint characters and the most ig-
norant politicians from the dark
est corners of the union. And it
must be pretty dark in Oklahoma"
The shaft was aimed. really, at
Oklahoma's Senator Thomas, a
Democrat, who was critical of the
way Sweden had received a SEN
ate appropriations subcommittee
visiting Marshall plan countries to
see how U. S. funds were being
used.
Sweden, it appeared. had re-
ceived quite a bit Of Marshall plan
aid, but had sort of "snubbed"
Thomas and his committee. Thorn
as declared the country to which
he referred" in his criticism. ex-
pressed in Vienna, had helped no
one in the past 1875 years." and if
it got any more Marshall plan
funds, it would be over his pro-
test.
The QUAINT CHARACTERS"
and most ignorant politicians"
the Swedes referred to in the e n
ate, or who had ever been a mem
Der of it, included some right in
fluential fellows who might have
much to say about continuing
Marshall plan aid among them,
President and former Senator Har-
ry S. Truman.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23

at 8 a. m. instead of 1880 and end.
ing at 5 p. m. instead of 4:30 to
give them the best of the daylight
hours.
A surprise birthday party was
given Miss Geneva Thayer last
Friday. She received many beau
tiful and desirable gifts. A de-
lightful lunch was served. The
guests were Barbara and Kath-
crime Conrad, Hazel and Olive
Shearer, Margaret Hartley, Iona
and Wanda Belle, Irene and Luella
McManus, Evelyn Evans, Thelma
Olafson, Arvilla Meyers and the
honor guest.
Another victory for the Laurel
high school basketball team was
scored Friday night at Bearcreek
when Laurel trimmed Bearcreek
80 to 10. The trip was made by
automobiles. Seven team men,
bers were taken and all had a
chance to play. David Hopkins
Laurel's only rooter. Though
ne was supposed to be timekeeper,
he was also a good supporter of
his team.
This week a deal was closed in
Henry Schessler, Jr., is the
proprietor of the Trail garage, in
Park City, recently under the
management of Milford Zwisler
and Floyd Eastlick.
Mesdames Broughton, Alden, O..
A. Brohaugh, Calvert, Finch
Brown, and Miss Minnie Brown
represented Laurel at the shower
Tuesday afternoon honoring Miss
Genevieve Corwin, a bride of this
month.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
LAUREL HAPPENINGS
rs YEARS AGO TODAY
Quoted and paraphrased items
of news from the 25 years ago
Laurel Outlook.
NOVEMBER 10, 1924

Pupils of Mrs. w. E. Upper
favored a select audience with a
music program of charm at Mrs.
Tupper's home Saturday. Those
on the program were Ona Wilker-
son, Ruth Laird, John D. Piatt,
Mary Broughton, Kenneth Walton,
Mildred Cusick, Lois Carter, Ruth
Void, Mary Sande, Edna Schei-
decker and Helen Sande.
On Saturday afternoon from
2:30 to S, little Evelyn Schwantes
of Park City, proved a charming
hostess, the occasion being her
sixth birthday. The hostess was
the recipient of many gifts and
during the afternoon many inter-
esting games were in progress.
The home vas lastly decorated in
pink and white, carrying out the
color scheme in the luncheon which
was served by Mrs. Schwantes
with Mrs. Henry Abel and Mrs. S.
T. Flood assisting. Following are
the guests for the afternoon: Rob-
ert Heath, Alvin Wall, lara Sar-
gent, Ruth Frantz, Pearl Davis.
Bernard Smith, Elsie Stone, Scion
Anderson, Virginia Heath, Flor.
ence Walz, Alva Horner, and the
hostess, Evelyn Schwantes.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
FREE TOUR:

All on q Bet
A 48-state, penniless tour of this
country-could anyone do it?
A 30-year old Los Angeles vet
eran, who used the fictitious name,
Paul Clark, did it. He did it on a
bet to prove the extent of Ameri-
can peoples hospitality. And in
doing It, he won a bet of $4,000
from 2 friend. He kept his identi-
ty secret, he said. as part Of the
wager which he'd made. Other on
ditions were not discussed.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23

Miss Clara Quinn sponsored by
the Royal Neighbors, and Miss
Thelma Mcneil by the Laurel Wo-
mans club, will attend the voca-
tional congress at Bozeman. They
are to leave here Thursday and
will remain at Bozeman three
days.
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23

Beginning with this week the
working time of the men at the
shops has been changed to begir
Laurel outlook., 1949-11-23
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
West Asks Reds for Peace Effort;
Pact Nations Would Rearm Italy;
CostIiest Steel Strike Terminated

SEDIToR rs NoTE;; TTnhsnnso p n.ss an as s.ps as mol in a.. se,Ymn; ,,% are, those Of
Evening star., 1949-03-18
Old Naval Custom
Modified to Permit
Salute With Hat OFT

The Navy moved today to
bring an old custom into line
with those of its sister services.
LAS a result of closer rela-
tions between members of the
armed services" an announce
ment said, "the Navy has
modified an ancient custom to
permit its officers under Ger
tain circumstances to return
hand salutes when not wear
ing q hat"
The Navy said the new reg
ulation was designed primar-
lily to cover situations when
officer personnel work in close
contact with Army and Air
Force officers. 1t permits
Navy officers to give the hat
less salute when failure to do
so would cause embarrassment
or misunderstanding"
Evening star., 1949-03-18
Two Observers for U. n.
Are Wounded in Sumatra
BY the Assecioisd Press

BATAVIA, Java, Mar. 18.-
American Consul General Charles
A. Livengood said today two mem
bers Of a United Nations observer
team-An American and a Briton
have been wounded in Medan,
Southern Sumatra.
They were identified as Maj.
Albert Simmons, Bangor, Me-,
and British 1t. Col. H. D. Chaplin.
Both were reported to be in a
Medan hospital.
It was the first case Of U. N.
in guerrilla fighting
between Indonesians and Dutch
troops which has been taking
some 500 lives . week in Java
and Sumatra. 4
Evening star., 1949-03-18
Cost Of Marshall Plan
Will Be II Billion,
Hoffman Estimates
BY the Assoeioted Press

NEW YORK, Mar. 18.-Paul G.
Hoffman, Economic Cooperation
administrator. today placed the
full cost of the Marshall Plan at
$4,000. 900, 900. If it succeeds, he
said. "our way of life will be
secure"
And If this American invest
ment in European recovery fails,
Mr.. Hoffman said in addressing
the American MANAGEMENT Asso-
citation, "the Kremlin will make
an all-out effort to communize
Western Europe"
Should the cold war thus be
prolonged and intensified, he pre-
dicted, huge" military outlays
will continue, Government con-
trolls may be restored and high
tax rates in the United States
will sap the vitality of a free
economy
Way to Get Taxes Down.
"The one certain way to get
taxes down and to keep our econ
omy free is to win the cold war in
Europe and thus avert both World
War III and the threat of World
War ILL.," the foreign aid admin
istrator said.
His figure of $4,000 900 900 for
the full four and one-fourth-year
program was Mr.. Hoffman's first
public estimate of the final cost
since the Marshall Plan came into
being.
While it was merely a proposal.
the Presidents Committee of Dis
tinguished Citizens on Foreign
Aid" of which Mr.. Hoffman was a
member, guessed the cost at $12,-
000, 900. 900 to $1,000. 100000. In
view Of Europe's first-year gains,
correspondents have tried, unsuc-
cessfully until today, to learn
(See MARSHALL PLAN, Pg. A-50
Evening star., 1949-03-18
Churchill On Way
TO j. ). for Lectures
BY the Associoted Press

SOUTHAMPTON, England, Mar.
l8.-Winston Churchill sailed on
the Queen Elizabeth today to lee
ture in the United States.
Mr.. Churchill, his wife, and their
son -in-law and daughter, Mr.. and
Mrs. Christopher Soames, occupied
two first-class suites on the huge
liner.
Prof. Harold Laski, former chair
man of the Labor Party and Mr..
Churchill's bitterest political foe.
was aboard, cabin class. also to
lecture in America.
The 74-year-old former Prime
Minister, asked about his health,
said Il shall not do more than my
duties require over there"
Mr.. Churchill is scheduled to
speak at Massachusetts, Institute
of Technology March 81. His
subject is THE Twentieth Cen
tury: It's Promise and Realiza-
tion." President Truman speaks
there the next day.
Mr.. Laski will deliver the Sid
ney Hillman memorial lectures at
Columbia University. the Univer-
sity of Chicago, University Of
Washington, the University OF
California at Los Angeles and
Denver University.
Mr.. Churchill is \expected to
stay in the United States between
three and four weeks. He is due
in New York next Wednesday, is
to proceed to Washington the
following day to dine with Presi-
dent Truman. and go back to
New York the day afterward.
Evening star., 1949-03-18
By George Beveridge

Gallinger Hospital is completely
out Of funds to buy essential
drugs, food and medical supplies.
Its present financial crisis. how
ever, is just a preview of what will
happen next year if further cuts
in the District budget are made.
Gallinger's budget already has
been cut as part of the 1854 600
slash taken in the 1850 District
budget by the House. Now, unless
means can be found to raise the
revenue expected from the sales
tax before it was defeated by the
House, District officials expect an
other $2,50O,O 900 will have to be
hacked from the city money bill,
Gallinger and its patients will be
among the victims.
Faced with further cuts in an
Evening star., 1949-03-18
Bevin Halls Alliance
AS One Of Greatest
Postwar Peace Steps
By the Associated Press

LONDON. Mar. 18.-Foreign
Secretary Bevin said today the
North Atlantic Defense Alliance
is "one of the greatest steps toward
world peace and security" since
the war.
He told Parliament the pro-
jected treaty is "a purely defen-
sive arrangement for the common
security of the countries who Join
It," The accord would link the
United States and Canada to the
Western European countries in a
mutual assistance arrangement
under the United Nations Charter.
"It is not directed against any
one" Mr.. Bevin said. Il think we
can say this arrangement marks
the opening of new era of CO.
operation and understanding"
Russia and the Communist
countries she dominates have op-
posed the accord with ardor.
Russia has a similar but more
binding network Of treaties with
Poland, Hungary. Romania, Bull
garia and Yugoslavia.
"If we are accused of ganging up
against any country or group of
countries, I say simply: Examine
the text" Mr.. Bevin told the
House of Commons.
No Secret Clauses.
He declared there are no secret
clauses.
mo nation innocent Of aggres-
sive intentions need have the
slightest fear or apprehension"
he said. "The pact is in every way
consistent with the purposes and
principles of the Charter Of the
United Nations"
A British Foreign Office spokes-
man said the accord will strength
(see REACTION, Page A-3)A
Evening star., 1949-03-18
CIoture Rule S Effect
On Civil Rights Bills
Arouses Hot Dispute
Coalition Victory Clears
Wqy for Senate Action
On Moior Measures
On Major Measures

The fate of President Truman's
entire civil rights program was
hotly disputed today after a coali-
ton of Southern Democrats and
Republicans overrode administra-
ton leaders to write new debate
gag rule on the Senate books.
The compromise rule designed
to curb filibustering was adopted
last night by q crushing coalition
vote of So to % after bitter de-
bate which ran until nearly mid
night.
The vote marked the end of the
battle which began on. February %
over changing the Senate rules
and cleared the way for action on
vital administration legislation.
Four Major Measures.
These measures include:
/. Extension of rent control,
which will be taken up Monday
after a routine business session to-
day.
2. The European Recovery Pro-
tgram.
3. Reciprocal trade agreements.
4. Housing.
The coalition victory left big
question in the minds of many
observers who wondered whether
the Republicans and Southerners
would use it as framework for
opposing other parts of the ad-
ministration program such as re-
peal of the Taft-Hartley Labor
Act. higher income taxes and an
expanded social security and
health program.
Thirty-four Republicans Joined
with 20 Democrats-all bv, 10 Of
them from the South-to write
the compromise rule which ad-
ministration leaders assailed as
ineffective in curbing filibusters
and permitting Senate action on
iContinl1ed m Page A. Col. H.