davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1949-01-29
BY PEARCY GREEN

PARISH STREET SATURDAY
NIGHT: l was just fixing to start
off as / usually do by saying, AS
/ was awaiting the arrival of
tmy order of Fish and Beer as
sat in my favorite spot on the
ole Avenue, and then it came
to me that when I ordinarily
would have been at my favorite
spot along the Ole Avenue | was
INSTEAD strolling up and down
"You" Street up in Old Wash
irgton, D. c., the Big Town, the
Hick Town, the Great City, the
place for all who would take tn
time to look, is the town of great
and preplexing contradictions.
but now, on this Saturday night,
for me and everyone else who had
been with their eyes to see and
ears to hear, there was already
some kind of a new feeling to
be in Washington e.. of course
I am talking about Aunt Haggar's
Chilluns . What brought on the
new feeling was the fact that
along with Auct Haggar'ss chill
uns from say, up in New York,
from out in California, from the
Big Windy Chicago to you) from
Boston, and them places referred
to, generally sspeakeg when one
of Us says "Up' North, Auntie's
Chilluns, from down in Georgia,
from around the Louisiana cane
bhreaks, and from the Delta Cot
tor Country, which is Ole Miss
Sippy, had there been all week,
took part in and seen the Break
ing-O-Day. Ole Miss Sippy, far as
AUNT Haggar's Chillun's is cno-
cerned was represented by nobody
but me and Mrs Mallory Saints
Industrial School at lexington
can see her now all magnifi-
carce, grace and polished manners,
strolling into that President Ball,
and White House Reception -. :.
after setting out there just oppo--
site where the President and them
was setting alorg with Mdme
Bethune, and them other National
Council Women, watching that par
ade come by, with Aunt Haggar's
chillun's ard whose ever else's
Chillun's them is marching with
one-a-nother, doubt fighting and
getting mad, West Point Cadets,
Navy Boys, Wax, Soldier with
Little Ours, Big Guns, and Tanks
and then the next night, Me and
Mrs. Mallary Q'm Excortin herr
down at that SHOREHAM HOTEL
4NO uGG AIlC u NlLS W bt1 you
bout them chandeliers harging down
and all that other finery. i.
Me and Mrs Mallary and some
more of Aunt Haggar's ChiIluns,
walking round, sippirg from them
fancy glasses, and eating them
tidbits (cavair, rare sardines,
etc. and getting treated by every
body just like everybody els. :.
Win we had gore through it all
I began to wonder if it wern't
true, as an old lady said waiting
in line for the parade as the sun
shore brightly when everyone
thought that it was ggoig to be bad
weather. Somebody behind her
pointed and said there's Presi-
dent Truman. and she said sho
huff chile, the Lords done teched
that man.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1949-01-29
NEGRO CITIZENS TAKE FULL
PART IN PRESIDENTIAL
INAUGURAL CEREMONY
FOR FIRST TIME IN NATIONS
HISTORY
And JAMES RUDOLF
Continued from PageD

ICoHtlnue0 from Page1)
talk of the occasion.
While the Inauguration was of
great significance for the future
of the American Negro generally
its greatest significance was for
the Southern Negro. There were
Negro delegations from evry state
in the South. Among the widely
known Negro Democrats were:
Atty. A. S. Walden of Georgia
c. A. Scott, Editor Publisher of
the Atlanta Daily World; Emory
D. Jackson, Birmingham World;
II. NJ. Morgan, Carter Westley;
Hobson Taylor, H. A. Hester, of
Texas; c. c. Deioie, New Orleans;
Frank Stanley of Louisville, KY;
DR.. J. M. Robinson, I. N. Gil
liam, Little Rock, Ark; Rev. De-
witt Alcorn, Memphis, Tenr.
Mississippi was represented by
Mrs. ARENA G. Mallory, president,
Saints Industrial School, Lexing
ton, Miss, ard Percy Greene, Edi-
tor and Publisher of the Jackson
Advocate.
F-kMp PofczIkbo
Among the most impressive
events of the inaugural week was
the dinner honorirg Congressman
Dawson who has already made
history by becoming the first Ne
gro chairman Of Congressional
committee. He is chairman of t
House Committee or Appropria-
tons.
More than 1000 people of all
races attended the dinner. Rev
Marshall Shepherd Recorder of
Deeds was Master of Cereony.
During the dinner Congressman
Dawson was presented a number
of handsome gifts from various
State delegations.
The most significant event of
the dinner was the presentation
of a scholarship fund to fisk
University in honor of Congress
man Dawson. The presentation
was made by John P. Davis Of
Our World Magazine, ard accept
ed on Post of the University by
its president, DR.. Chas. S. John
son.
The greatest ovation was given
by Mrs. Douglas when at the cor
clusion of her speech she said
that she was happy to be among
those to honor Congressman Daw-
son because of his contribution
to his race ard added, "but
mean the whole human race"
The dinner ended with a STIR
ring speech by Congressman Daw-
son, during which he voiced the
opirion of everyone in Washing
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1949-01-29

CUPI DALONG THE OLE
OLE AVENUE. Somebody said
the other day that that Little
Mar that carrys the bag and bow
and arrow had aimed a shot at
that popular young man at Hunt
& Whittakers, and accordingly itss
being said that if he amt already
tied the knot he soor will be.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1949-01-29

ton during the week, that it was
the first time in history that the
American people had took part
in he Inauguration of the nations
president.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1949-01-29
XXX Raises Head
On Ohio Farm

Athens, Ohio = The Ku Klux
Khan trying desperately to fer
ment the minds of whites in
America, strobe satanically out on
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1949-01-29

GOSSIP ABOUT TOWN :.
Latest Gossip about town is about
some ladies who got in some sort
of a rulus out on Bailey Avenue
where there was a lot of scratch
ing and hair pulling. and about
a fellow sinner 1--WE amt throwing
no stones) who went in the win
dow perfectly free and innocent
as could be but ir coming back
out got ketched before he could
flee. Reason | amt saying nut
tin myself is cause | don't know
muffin.
SOMETHING TO TELL YOUR
CFATL DREN Ard tell them
again and again, is that that gen
tleman DR.. Ralph Bunche, whose
over there in Palestine, trying 20
make peace between the Arabs
and jews, preserve the peace OF
the whole world. is colored
gentleman.
WEEKLY QUOTATION: "Who
would succeed in the world should
be wise in the use of his pro-
nouns Utter the You twenty times.
where you once utter he + -'onrs
Hay.
Evening star., 1949-05-15
Senator Byrd Consistent Advocate of Federal Economy

presidential purge in the eiec-
tions of 1888 President Roose-
welt tried 10 defeat Senator
George. even going into Geor-
gia to speak against him. Mr..
Roosevelt had been aroused be-
cause M. George and others.
including the late Senator
Cotton Ed" Smith Of South
Carolina. Senator Tydtngs Of
Maryland and Senator Gil
lette OF Iowa. had opposed his
Supreme Court packing bill.
He tried to beat them all--and
beat none Of them.
President Truman himself
had an unfortunate experience
in his own State. Missouri. In
1916 when he tried 10 get rid Of
former Representative Siaugil-
ter. o Democratic member Of
the House Rules Committee.
who had opposed some Of the
Truman measures. He Was
able 10 defeat Mr.. Slaughter
for the Democratic nomination
but the Presidents candidate
later was beaten in the general
election by a Republican.
The administration today
blows hot and cold on using q
club 20 beat Democrats In Con-
gress into line for It's pet
measures. Mr.. Truman's re-
marks about the Byrds In Con-
gress. and his recent assertion
that the test of party loyalty
would be the votes cast IN Con-
gress. seemed TO indicate that
the President was going 70
fight. But always others seek
10 minimize the apparent
meaning Of Mr. Trslnans re-
maria
Evening star., 1949-05-15

chamber, Senator Paul H.
Douglas Of Illinois. elected last
fall as a liberal of the first
water. Senator Douglas has
supported the proposed 5 per
cent cuts in the appropriation
bills.
ITO be a liberal. one does not
have to be a wastrel." the
Illinois Senator told his COL
leagues, and he went on TO in
sist that the Government can
not be humane unless it. is
thrifty. Here is q liberal who
insists upon putting first things
first.
Roosevelt Failed
Whether Senator Douglas
stand puts him in the class OF
birds, or Byrds. to whom Mr..
Truman referred in his conver-
sation with the veterans. re-
mains to be seen. II Mr.. Tru-
man has any idea Of '.purging'
those members Of Congress who
oppose his spending and taxing
plans. he has q big task on his
hands. For In addition 70 Sem
ators Byrd and Douglas. the
Democratic chairmen Of the
House Ways and Means Com
mittee. Representative Dough-
ton OF North Carolina. and Of
Senate Finance Committee.
Senator George Of Georgia. are
both committed against In
creasing taxes at the time. are
against deficit financing Of the
Government. and believe that
expenditures should Be reduced.
Senator George. by the way.
Was IN object Of an attempted
Evening star., 1949-05-15

Pittsburgh and Houston rolled
into one.
Many United States interests
have tremendous investments In
the country and nsw onss con-
tinue TO 80 in, Ford and General
Motors have branch plants in EAo
rauIo. Sw1ft. Armour and ths
other packing companies main
tain plants there and IN the far
southern cattle and livestock
state OF Rio 0rArate do Sui. often
described as the Texas Of HrRxil
Sears RoebGlek Ia tust nov open
ina up tao giant stores in Sao
Psulo and RIO.
Brazil needs enormous aaAnti-
ties OF additional capital 10 de-
selop and expand It's tremendous
natural resources But investors
are worried about increasing Ee"
strlrtgona and nAtannallstle Laws
and regulations imposed on foy-
elgn capital In the last few years
Botn Our osu officials and tas
Byaz.iians ir&lss there - no
thought Of discussing loans or eco
nornic matters while President
DutYa Ia here
Yet the general. aaa advisers
and aides viii not only have ura"
iasual opportunities 10 meet and
talk with our officials. b1t. IN TIE
course Of several important ps1.
vate Esarlxteofas and dinners. EiYen
by sacn nsn 81 Nelson HacGs9slier
and Thomas J Watson Of ta1e In
tsrnasaonaI Essxaneas Machines
Corp. ttsey wlA Also be asis 10
learn slss viewpoint cf leading
United States bankers ard indus
tgaaiaats.
Al any rate. as ess ssasssans.
ton ofsaelai psSi6 II. ''ln slsw Of tsss
critical economic and political ait
uatacn ia Europe ard Asia. nss
importance 10 and Ire mutual
benefits tfxas might vel seerus 10
al concerned from ths aseesans ~
the heads Of ths two richest ass6
most powerfui republics In Tho
New Weird should not e~ Esferr~
estimated
Evening star., 1949-05-15

eral expenditures was set up.
Mr.. Byrd became its chairman.
and as chairman he has made
report after report. showing
where and how and why Gov
ernment expenditures may be
reduced. While Government
expenditures may be reduced.
While Government expendi-
lures have continued to in
crease. had 1t not been for
Senator Byrd and his warnings
they might have increased
much more.
Today, just when the Presi-
dent has taken a political pot
shot at Mr.. Byrd. it begins to
look as though the Virginian's
pleas for economy are taking
effect. Spending money has a
strong appeal for Congress as
well as for the executive branch
of the Government. yet the
Congress is making some cuts
though not very big ones-in
the Presidents 40-odd- billion
dollar budget. The Senate re-
Gently recommitted the big
Labor Department and Federal
security appropriation bill with
instructions to cut its total by
5 per cent. A similar attempt
was made Wednesday In the
Senate to cut the Treasury
Post ONCE appropriation bill
but failed. and another effort
Is to be made to get the Labor
and Federal security appropri-
alton bill back on the floor and
pass 1t without the 5 per cent
cut.
Senator Byrd has recently
acquired an amazing ally on
the Democratic side of the
Evening star., 1949-05-15
By Gould Lincoln

When President Truman told
a committee of war veterans
last Monday there are too many
Byrds in Congress. he was
credited Immediately with en-
couraging purge" of the Vir-
ginia Senator and other men,
bers of Congress who demand a
curtailment of Govern m mt
spending, no increase in taxes
and who are against much OF
the Fair Deal planning. 1t
didn't take more than a few
hours for defenders of the
President to rush out with as
sertions that he had no purge"
in mind: that he was speaking
facetiously.
No one has denied that Mr..
Truman would be delighted If
the birds-or Bryds-about
whom he was talking could be
removed from Congress. His
present apologists also would
be delighted. But presidential
purges of members of Congress
particularly of their own po-
litical parties-have been sig
nally unsuccessful In the past.
The constituents Of the men,
bers have a way Of resenting
such outside interference In
their elections. So the Presi-
dents friends. who have been
quick to deny he had any
idea In mind Of attempting to
use his influence to defeat Sen
ator Byrd. apparently are try
ing to help Mr.. Truman avoid
. political pitfall. Also. they
fear that the Presidents quoted
remark about birds or Byrds.
may serve only to stir further
Evening star., 1949-05-15

is five times its amount in the year
before Pearl Harbor. II the new
budget requests were enacted our
postwar Federal tax bill next year
would 60 ID six and one half times
Our prewar Federal tax bill. In
this connection 1t should be noted
that our current national income
is slightly more than two times
its total in the year before Pearl
Harbor, and that our adult popu-
lation has increased by about one
tenth. II may be of interest to
note further that the cost of liv-
ing, on a consumer price basis,
exclusive Of taxes, is less than two
times its level In the year before
Pearl Harbor. Thus we see how
much of the increased cost Of liv-
ing is due to taxes.
Job Tax Grows
"With increases in national in
come and population taken into
account, Federal taxes in the year
before Pearl Harbor amounted to
= per cent of income: a year after
the war was over Federal taxes
amounted to II per cent of in
come, and again In the current
year Federal taxes amount to IL
per cent of income. Assuming
there is no reduction In income,
If the budget submitted by the
President In January were en-
acted, our Federal tax bill next
year would amount to 21 per cent
of income. When State and local
taxes are added the total tax bill
amounts to nearly 80 per cent of
income.
Employment taxes are a rela-
lively new type of levy. and they
are growing. 1t is by additional
Federal employment taxes that
the President. in his January budg-
ct message. proposed to raise
$3.50 million next year to start So
cialized medicine. and this will be
only the beginning. Authoritative
estimates indicate the Federal
medical cost will go to $40 billion
a year when the program gets
into full swing. That is more
than total Federal expenditures
for all purposes two years before
Pearl Harbor." ."
THE Federal debt is about
$252, 900, 100000. This is an i'm
pressive figure when 1t is COM
pared with $4,000. 600, 900 which
was the assessed valuation Of all
taxable property in the country in
1910, the date of the last official
valuation reported by the Depart
ment of Commerce. The annual
interest on the debt will be ap-
proximately SIS billion. In 1910
this was the assessed valuation of
all taxable property in States like
Illinois. New Jersey and Indiana.
Nearly fifth OF that inter-
est will be paid to Federal trust
funds which next year would be
holding up to $35 900, 100000 of
the Federal debt. This is more of
the debt than is held. by banks
and the Postal Savings System
combined. 1t is possible that un-
der present practices and trends
We could build a floor under the
Federal debt in this manner. And
interest on the Federal debt is
running at more than 10 per cent
of all general fund expenditures. !"
"As to national defense and for
eign relief programs. even now
there is still no really firm esti-
mate on expenditures in these
categories for next year. When
the President submitted his budg-
ct, he completely omitted any
estimate for the proposed West
ern European military alliance
c,d biS Y,roY,oca1 m extapd Amer
Evening star., 1949-05-15

opposition to the administra-
tion's program on the part Of
the birds or Byrds.
Getting rid of Senator Harry
Flood Byrd via the ballot box
would be a tough job for any
President. He came to the
Senate at the outset of the
Franklin D. Roosevelt admins
tration-appointed to fill a
vacancy left In the upper house
when the late Claude A. Swan
son resigned to become Secre-
tary of the Navy. Before that
he had been Governor of Viz
ginia, and as such was credited
with improving State govern
ment and services. -Four times
he has stood before the electo-
rate for Senator and four times
he has won easily.
Pleas Taking Effect
When Senator Byrd entered
the Senate March 4. 1888. Pres
ident Roosevelt and the Demo-
cratic Party were committed
to economy and the reduction
of Federal expenditures. They
had campaigned on such a
platform. Senator Byrd went
right along with them-and sin
cerely. He has stuck firmly all
these years to his me stand
against the Governments
spending money 1t did not have
and against greatly increased
taxes on the people. That he
was deserted by President
Roosevelt and the New Dealers
made no difference In the stand
taken by the Virginian.
Finally . Joint committee On
reduction Of non-essential Fed
Evening star., 1949-05-15

p&N-ts k&fHStAAh& H8NFN AEAM 3&Na
difficult.
Some @! these promises 10 pay
such as pQsllc works eofasts s.4c
ton and production o! military
eQu!pmen;-aTe actually - The
form O! contracts. OtherS--Ssasess =
as grants laid and veterans
paymeni$-are moral obligations
Exclusive Of payroll costs. Ae-
m!nistraiive costs foreign econogn &c
aid costs. foreign military aid
costs. our own military establish
me1t costs. and exclusive Of pay
ments from social security trust
funds. ve are ooligated-by long
term domestic civilian commit
ments-to annual Federal expend-
itures running to sls.0o0 600 900
or more.
The housing program recently
adopted by the Senate is a good
example by which 70 demonstrate
how these long term commitments
build up from q relatively minor
item In the budget for the first
year. In his January budget mes
sage. the President estimated thai
1850 expenditures for the new
housing legislation he proposed
would total slightly more than
5000 million.
Yet. under the low-rent sub
Sidy feature alone, the Federal
Government will enter into 40
year contracts with localities un-
der which the Federal expendl-
lures OF the future will range up
TO nearly a half-billion dollars n
year. Depending on how good the
loans are under other features OF
the proposal, this program may
ultimately cost the Federal Gov
ernment $40 billion.
Actually there were some 30
expenditure items In the Presi-
dents original budget recommen-
dations which required new sub
stansiye legislation. II approved
these items in 1850 would cost
about So billion. But in terms Of
long time commitments IL was a
multibillion- dollar program.
There is still another type OF
Federal commitment which oper-
ates outside the general fund
budget-but it costs money Just
the same and 1t requires another
Federal levy. In the pending
budget this type OF long term
commitment is illustrated by the
proposed socialized medicine pre-
gram.
Another Commitment
This proposal was brought In
without any official estimate by
the administration as to its ulti-
mate cost. But 1t must be under
stood that once employees land
employers contribute through
payroll taxes to this program. the
Federal Government is committed
to make good It's promise to pro-
vide adequate medical care and
service-for whatever 1t may cost.
"The proposed military alliance
Is in the nature OF an indefinite
commitment to rearm North At
lantic pact nations for which no
expiration date has been fixed.
Under pressure the State Depart
ment has made an estimate of
something over a billion dollars
for the first year. But even this
would appear to be low inasmuch
as the program involves giving
away reserve military stock. heavy
transportation costs and highly
expensive replacement of equip
ment and materiel for our own
military services.
The most horrible example OF
long term commitments would be
the adoption Of the so-called Bran
nan agriculture plan by which the
Federal Government would under
write a producer distributor con-
sumer utopia. The author of the
plan admits It's cost cannot be
estimated"
Senator Byrd stressed the long
(See FISCAL CRISIS. PAGE C-sD
Evening star., 1949-05-15

Senator Byrd, Democrat. OF
Virginia. In q recent Senate
speech unmarried. dnalpzed
and projected the cause and
effect of the Federal fiscal sit
uatton in the present and for
seedble future"
On the basis OF reuenus
trends and current tar rates
applied to economic condi-
ttons as of last January Uhen
President Truman presented
his budget message, he pre-
dtcted q deficit of up to $780,
100000 this June 80. $780,
000, 900 for the fiscal year end
ing June 80. 1850, and $780,
100000 June 80. 1851. A con-
densatior of his speech tollous:
Analysis reveals that 1949 ex-
penditures are being pushed above
$40 billion largely by the obliga-
tions Of multi-year programs, pro-
jects and policies. A conservative
projection Of continuing commit
ments in combination with new
ones which are pending makes
it certain that Federal expendi-
lures in the coming fiscal year
1850 will approach S45 billion. and
that in fiscal year 1851, beginning
year hence they will total be-
tween $45 and $50 billion.
when the President began lay
ing his new legislative program be-
fore Congress last January, he
frankly admitted that it assumed
continuation of inflated prosper
ity at or near the postwar peak
And on this basis he estimated his
program would require 1872 per
cent increase in income taxes, a
SO per cent increase in payroll
taxes, and a Is per cent increase
in postal revenue.
Whether taxes are increased OF
not, we must take into considera-
tion that now-four eventful
months since his budget was sub
mittedrit is the general consensus
that sources of Federal revenue
are seeking lower levels.
Warns Congress
IF the legislative program laid
down by the President for the
coming fiscal year is adopted in
substantial measure; if taxes are
not increased, and If Federal rev.
Ienue sources continue to decline
my deficit estimates must be re-
viSed upward"
IF we are to take the program
10 full, we would be called upon
in a period of extremely sensitive
economic uncertainty-to exceed
all previous peacetime spending
records. lay an additional levy of
81 billion in payroll taxes, in
crease postage rates to bring in
an additional quarter Of a billion,
and enact 81 billion in proposed
new general fund taxes on income
for the next fiscal year-and more
new taxes for fiscal year 1851. or
in effect, to authorize a deficit of
SO billion to 81 billion in the COM
ing fiscal year, with propects of an
even greater deficit in fiscal year
1851.
Under the circumstances. I sin
cerely suggest the wisdom of avoid
ing all unnecessary elements of
economic disturbance inherent in
the social excesses pending in leg
islation now before Congress, and
the fiscal excesses proposed in the
Presidents budget for fiscal year
1850.
Those who sincerely believe fed
eralized social programs can be
continuously extended within the
framework of our private enter
prise system and democratic form
of Government would serve their
cause best in the present economic
uneaSiness by awaiting assurance
that their proposals will not i'm
pair our financial stability or the
fiscal integrity of the Govern
ment.
II invite their support In an ef-
Evening star., 1949-05-15
Red Threat Hong Kong
May Result in Major Test
Other Western Powers Sharing Rritain'>
Anxiety Over Crown COLONY: More
Depredations Could Follow
q. lesAtpp SiaSssra

The rapidly -so~1g Cosam9as1 sseeadancs Cana
genGcnE problems tot Ae Nrstssr Peat4s
o. Hons kofs 3e4rassak astAs
South China Britain evaoeats &Htrpaag p@a
hl!ty trouble e<ag rs&sra
waae Ra>h government