davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-08-24
Educating Virqiniu Neqroes

The Booker T. Washington Memorial
Trade School at Roanoke is conducting an
experiment in Negro education which,
though necessarily limited in scope, is
aimed at a constructive result
This undertaking, according to the
Roanoke Tribune, Negro weekly paper, Is
in keeping with the spirit Of Booker T.
Washington's work because 1t is based on
the actual needs of the Negro. A recent
study by DR.. Fred M. Alexander, super
visor Of Negro education in the State,
revealed that 83 per cent Of Virginia S
employed Negroes are in domestic service
or in other unskilled occupations. These
people already are living at or below the
subsistence level, and their economic
status is being increasingly threatened by
modern industrial developments which
cut down the demand for unskilled labor.
This means that there must be either some
adequate system of training the Negro in
skilled occupations, or the State is faced
with the prospect Of growing relief
problem.
It is to help meet this need of facilities
for training In industrial and agricultural
skills that the Trade School, under the
guidance of the Booker T. Washington
Birthplace Memorial, has set up its pro-
gram of adult education. The project was
initiated this summer at the memorial to
the ex-slave in Franklin County, Virginia,
and is being carried forward under the
supervision OF s. ]. Phillips, president Of
the Birthplace Memorial. It is an under
taking which should enlist the sympathetic
interest-and support-of every one. The
Roanoke Journal summed it up in these
words: "To leave the beaten paths and
open the doors of opportunity to learners
at whatever level they are, seems to us to
be one of the soundest and most helpful
methods of reaching the rank and file Of
Negroes and helping them to stand on
higher ground"
Evening star., 1949-08-24
The Hole in the Iron Curtain

Seldom, II ever, in diplomatic history has
there been anything quite like the current
exchange Of notes and press recrimina-
tions between Yugoslavia and Soviet
Russia. Today, however, when statesmen
especially those behind the Iron Curtain
are disposed to have bad manners and
speak virulent language, it is difficult
to figure out whether the dispute between
the two has reached dangerous crisis or
whether 1t will be kept within the bounds
Of violent propaganda and 60 no further.
The Soviet note has certain ominous
implications Coming at time when the
Yugoslav government. seems to be moving
toward a rapprochenent with the West,
1t advocates what amounts to a call for
rebellion against Marshal Tito. and it
warns that the Kremlin is contemplating
"nore effective measures" against him for
the ostensible reason that his regime has
been maltreating some Russian citizens.
Meanwhile, in Moscow, Pravda is beating
the drums to have him executed for
crimes committed against the camp of
socialism"
It is possible only to speculate over what
the Kremlin means by more effective
measures" They could take many forms,
ranging from an intensified conspiracy
against the heretical Tito to physical war
fare carried out either indirectly, through
the puppet states of the Cominform, or
conceivably even directly, through a Red
Army attack. But the Yugoslav dictator,
besides seeming to have firm grip on his
country, has one of the strongest armies
in Europe and though bidding for an
anlicable settlement with Moscow, he has
made clear that he Is ready to use it
against any invader. In the circum-
stances, it appears doubtful in the extreme
that the Stain government would care to
embark at this time on q shooting ad-
venture against him.
Whatever the intensified Yugoslav-
Soviet dispute may or may not portend,
however, It puts to rest virtually all doubt
about the gulf that has come to separate
these once-close Communist allies. Need
less to say, the development is Of great
significance In terms Of Russia's long term
control Of Eastern Europe. An important
gap has been opened in the Iron Curtain,
and the West AZ a whole-through such
measures as increased trade and our
recent decision to let Tito buy an American
steel mill-should do everything feasible
to broaden and perpetuate it.
Evening star., 1949-08-24
Senator ingalls, Remembered
In a Modern Connotatio
To the Editor Of The Star:

Caustic comments Of David Lawrence on
fading enthusiasm Of B-36 investigators are
remindful Of the observation Of Senator John
J. Ingalls, on coincidence many years ago.
Senator ingalls, hailed from the great
State Of Kansas. whose western extremity
impinges on the Great American Desert,
where the desert winds forever blow the
desert sand, and speaking Of coincidence he
once observed that If every grain Of sand In
the desert were letter Of the alphabet, and
If the winds Of the desert should blow those
sands for a thousand years they would not
form Hamlet's soliloquy."
OF course, the friends Of coincidence might
well argue that this was . violent assump-
ton on the Senator's part, since he could
not possibly have observed the antics of wind
and sand for that length Of time; likewise.
there may be those who can see only coinci-
dence in the collection Of millions for the
Truman campaign fund and the awarding Of
airplane contracts to the collectors and con-
tributors, but those who are at all familiar
with practical politics may think they see
something other than coincidence.
HOWARD B. SMITH.
Evening star., 1949-08-24
Mothers

IN the heart of each mother,
Is closed door-cIosed aI,cdys.
Her o,Dn sloso-dropptno tears, only, open
that door.
Inside there are dreams =.
Dreams of other things to be done-for
Others
For Others, ,ohen some day" shah arriue.
Beautiful hopes-tor Others.
Memories OF bitter hedrtachss.
Memories OF softness that nsored,
stretching out little arms.
All oper the toorld mothers understand
many things.
Thev understand Mary-thdt she pom
dered these things IN her heart"
MATHuDA ROOME
Evening star., 1949-08-24
Argues For Home Rule
Regardless Of National Representation
ia tha Hdiknr of IhA Atar.

Argues For Home Rule
Regardless Of National Representation
To the Editor Of The Star:
In its lead editorial of August Is. The
Star correctly predicted that the full District
Committee of the House OF Representatives
would not rescue the home rule bill, bottled
up by hostile subcommittee's vote to table.
Citizens Of the District Of Columbia should
applaud your condemnation Of that proceed
ure.
However, the rest Of your editorial pays
lip service to the rights Of the people OF
the District as full-hedged tax-paying Amer
ican citizens, while at the same time treating
us as sub-citizens whose annoying demands
probably have to be quieted.
Your premise Is that representation IN
Congress Is an alternative to home rule.
Apparently you regard our desire 70 vote
Hike our fellow citizens as sort OF pohtlcal
hunger, which can be satisfied by voting
for something-no matter what--Just as
physical hunger can be satisfied by eating
either pork or beef.
The fact Is that every adult American Is
entitled to Q voice in selecting those who
represent him, both In his local a1airs and
ID national affairs.
Home rule Is the logical first step because
it requires only m oct Of Congress. It u
neither less desirable nor more desirable
than national representation. which could
be obtained only by constitutional amend.
ment. These are not In any sense alternA.
tives In the compendium Of each citizens
polXacal rights. any more than meet and
Evening star., 1949-08-24
Givesway Programs Considered
Well Worth Permission to Continue
70 the EDITOR Of The Star:

GiveAWay Programs C0nN0efeQ
Wen Worth Permission TO Continue
TO the EDITOR Of The star:
fail to see why the Federal communica-
tions Commission wants to take away from
average people the fun Of winning few
articles that they In many cases never hope
to possess. Many household gadgets that
they necessarily deny themselves, because
Of the expense, they win In clean. fair way
before the public. It is also educating and
entertaining not only to the participants
but to millions Of others.
Many questions are asked that those
listening In cannot answer. but 1t makes
them think. After the program Is over the
dictionary and encyclopedias are brought
into use. These programs give poise to the
timid who come before the mike for the
first time.
Instead Of eliminating this clean source Of
fun and proht to the happy winners, 60
after the dishonest bureaucracy, slot ma
chimes, roulette. Even the innocent bingo
game has been stopped In many localities,
while vicious gambling is smiled upon.
MRS. p. G. n.
Evening star., 1949-08-24
To Avoid q Nightmare

The current United Nations Conference
on the Conservation and Utilization of
Resources is hearing things that need to
be acted upon globally II our growing
world population is to be able to sustain
itself adequately from generation to gen.
Grafton. The central fact Of the situation
is that human beings have multiplied from
1,o00,0o0,000 to 2,000,00o,000 in the past
100 years and that they will number, II
present trends continue, at least 1000, ,000,-
600 century from now.
With such prospect before 1t, the world
obviously cannot be complacent about the
state Of its limited resources, which in
some cases have dwindled markedly as
result of having been expended lavishly-
and forever lost-on war. Taken as
whole, the earth, with It's population in
creasing at the rate Of 200,000000 every
decade, is no longer In position to
squander any of its natural riches. In
stead of playing the role Of profiigate
with them, it must husband them Other
wise, In due course, mass starvation may
become far more common, far more ex-
tensive, and far more terrible than it is
now, and Industrial economies may go into
a steady decline for want of essential raw
materials.
AS far as food is concerned-and food,
OF course, is the most fundamental of all
human wants-the need for husbandry
already exists in fairly pressing form.
Thus, as pointed out to the U. N. confer
ence by Hugh H. Bennett, chief of the
United States Soil Conservation Service,
the world today has only about 1000, ,000,-
600 acres OF Immediately arabic land,
which Is not enough, under present pro-
ducing and distribution conditions, to
provide sufficient sustenance even for our
present population Of 1000, 100000. Ac-
cordingly, in Mr.. BENEFITS opinion, unless
nations everywhere conserve and improve
upon their existing agricultural resources,
their do-nothingism Is likely to lead even
tually to a global tragedy Of nightmarish
proportions.
Mr.. Bennett takes rather pessimistic
view of the possibility that great new food
producing areas-notably in Africa, and
including even polar regions-will be
opened up and so exploited as to take care
readily enough of our Increasing popula-
ton. AS he sees the situation, the only
real hope for the future '1ies in changing
the way we use and treat the land" now
known to be arable-a hope whose fulfill
ment will depend largely on such things
as steadily improving agricultural tech
nology, enrichment Of the soil already in
use, effective control of erosion, special
projects to make arid and semi-arid land
productive, and generally intelligent,
scientific and conservation minded type Of
farming throughout the world.
More optimistic experts take brighter
view OF the possibility Of opening up pro-
ductive new land. They also see immense
potentialities in the use of hormones and
growth-regulating compounds to bring
about vast increase in the yield Of the
soil now being cultivated, and they feel
that type Of marine farming may be
developed-as experiments indicate-to
produce huge supplies Of basic foodstu1s.
In addition, they attach great Importance
to atomic energy, both as means Of con-
Evening star., 1949-08-24

rap for Motorists Suspected ut Seventeenth
And Maryland Near Sears
TO the Editor Of The Star:
May call to your attention the following
which think may be of some interest to
your readers and at least may be the means
of saving some Of them money and incon-
venience.
On the north side of Maryland avenue at
Seventeenth street NE, adjoining Sears
lot which many people assume to be part Of
Sears parking lot. However. I and many
others have recently found out to our
sorrow that such Is not the case and that
this lot belongs to the District Of Columbia.
There is no sign on this lot to indicate
that 1t belongs to the District and there are
no signs on it to show that parking is pro-
hibited. I have learned that there is q special
officer assigned to this lot on Saturdays and
other busy days for the sole purpose of
tagging cars parked there and he does it
by the wholesale. While I was there last
Saturday there were at least Is cars with
tags and he still was writing.
went to Number 8 precinct to post col
lateral andsfound that there were at least
. dozen others who had been there before
me on this same charge. The collateral for
this charge is %. Multiply this by several
hundred and it runs into quite szeable
amount Of money. This may be profitable
business for the District. but 1t certainly
leaves . sour taste in the mouths of the
motorists.
I am not IN attorney and am not familiar
with all the laws. However, I can find
nothing in the Trafdc Regulations prohibiting
parking In areas not covered by those regu-
lation and not marked with mo parking"
signs Frankly speaking, 1t is my opinion
that this lot is being operated deliberately
- trap to mulct the motorists.
L. H. LANDWEHR,
Evening star., 1949-08-24
es are alternatives In q we'll balanced

PotdtoeS are alCeIuaClVeS III Well-palanceQ
diet
As for q non-voting delegate to the Con-
gress, such desirable interim step, pend
ing constitutional amendment, is clearly
half-measure which would leave the Dis
trict's citizens essentially voteless II not
literally voiceless.
It Is truly incredible to find The Star, in
the final paragraph. suggesting that the
long road via constitutional amendment to
national representation in the dim distant
future is an acceptable substitute for home
rule now. Not only are the Districts people
entitled to both, but The Stars suggestion
would leave the Congress to act as WASH
ington's municipal assembly, Congress
elected by Others to legislate on other and
wider matters.
The principle at issue Is the full citizen
ship Of the people Of the District Of Co.
lumbia. We will gain our rights as such,
and we are entitled to your support.
MALCOLM 8. LANGFORD.
Evening star., 1949-08-24
Questions and Answers

"A reader Gan set the snsxsf Y any question q
fiss ;I'a: s'!!! :!s 4: !!;::;
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE
Q. How long does it take a spider to spin
a web?-L. c. r.
A. It requires not more than half an hour.
Finer than the finest hair and comparatively
stronger than steel, the strands Of the web
are capable Of enmeshing insects much larg.
er than the spider.
@. Why do English bishops wear saiters'
"A. D. J.
A. This is a relic Of the time when the
duties Of . bishop took him from parish to
parish in his diocese on horseback. For the
same reason the bishops hat has strings.
O. Who was the first law professor In the
United States?-M. G.
A. The first law professor in the United
States is said to have been George Wythe
who served at the College Of William and
Mary at Williamsburg, Va. from l779 to
1859. Among his pupils were Thomas JET
ferson. James Monroe and Henry Clay.
@. Is 'tnew laid" egg Of higher quality
than q "fresh" egg?-V. c.
A. The highest standard Of quality In an
egg Is one just laid (new laid. It is CUSTOM
ary to speak Of new laid" eggs as fresh
eggs, but inasmuch as the quality of an egg
is very quickly affected by unfavorable sur
roundings freshness is more q matter Of
care and handling after the egg is laid than
age. For example, 1t is possible seriously to
impair the quality Of new laid" eggs In two
or three days, while on the other hand the
same eggs, under favorable conditions, might
remain fairly fresh after several weeks in
atnrare
Evening star., 1949-08-24
Denies Negroes Opposing Segregation
Challenge Private Rights Of Whites

Denies Negroes Opposing Segregation
Challenge Private Rights Of Whites
TO the Editor Of The Star:
From anonymous letters received and let
ters published in your forum, it surprises
one to find 50 many people unable to dn-
ferentiate between the public rights Of .
citizen as an individual In our democratic
Government even when opposed to the
wishes Of some kind Of q majority. Most
Of these writer's presume that white people
as majority may determine the public
rights Of the colored citizens who form q
minority. They seem not to have read our
fundamental laws which guarantee to indi-
viduals certain inalienable rights. They do
not distinguish between the privacy Of an
individual as to his home, his friends or
hts freedom for marriage.
It is our contention that no citizen should
b denied the right to enjoyment of public
or tax-supported institutions just because
he has dark hair, blue eyes, colored skin or
worships any particular kind Of q god. We
have no quarrel with the wealthy white or
colored people. or the Jews or the Catholics
or the Baptists If they pay for, support
and limit participation to members Of their
own group. We believe that segregation in
. democracy can only be justified publicly
to set aside criminals the contagiously dis
eased and the harmfully insane. In totali-
tartan state under dictator any citizen for
the presumed good OF the state can be ex-
plunged. exiled or jailed The mere fact that
. majority" may wish to lynch. riot. or
sesregate Jews. Catholics, italians or Ne
groes is not supported by any theory Of the
right OF majority"
That Negro citizens are contending for
free use Of swimming pools, recreation play
grounds and parks, and opposed to Jim
Crowism Is no challenge to the private
rights Of citizens.
Nor do we suggest that a homogeneous
group may not privately limit membership
or participation to like individuals. For
instance on Route 314 to Annapolis there
are signs reading: Grabbing. Boating. Fish
ins-Gentiles only" Despite the anti-social
nature Of the owners, we do not dispute
their right to afford entrance to gentiles
only However, If It is by public concession,
It is doubtful right.
We believe our Constitution and its
amendments guarantee to all citizens Ger
tain rights that even the temporary ma
iority cannot override It is because there
were no such safeguards that determined
minority in Germany and Russia became
a majority and brought about totalitarian
dictatorship. It is past time when Wasn1ng-
ton should be getting rid Of discriminatory
practices which curtail the rights Of indi-
yiduals Just because they have colored skins.
It is my belief that the great majority Of
white Washingtonians do not believe that
al Negroes should be classified and treated
alike, but that only well-organi7ed mi
nority Is opposed to democratic treatment
for all. Such minorities exist Ia most Of our
biz cities but are ineffective. Why not make
washington, the Capital city Of our Nation,
an example before the world Of the kind Of
democracy we would like other great nations
and cities to emulate. Z. B. HENDERSON.
Ealla Church. Va.
Evening star., 1949-08-24

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
,ortter, although 1t Is pernpisstble for
a 1Driter kno1Dn to The Star to use
non, de plume. Please be brtet.
Evening star., 1949-08-24
Glad to See Cigarette
Conspicuously Absent

In your article page B-1, August 1D on
Government girl restylins no mention was
made of the greatest improvement OF all In
the lady's appearance. refer to the elimi-
nation of the cigarette. If that is a part Of
the charm schools service, let us hope every
girl will avail herself Of it.
ROBERT G. WOOD.
A1afAad N n
Evening star., 1949-08-24
Shows How Scriptures
Support Capital Punishment

Support Capital punishment
TO the Editor Of The star:
Your correspondent, Eugene williams, de.
clarSs capital punishment to be "unscrtp-
tural." Before citing them, he should read
the Scriptures. He would be surprised, per.
haps, to discover the Scriptures supporting.
rather than opposing. capital punishment.
The Scriptures declare: Whose sheddeth
mans blood, by man shall his blood be
shed"-Gen. 9:5; 1.-THE murderer shall surely
be put to death"-Num. 35:16: 1.-THE rnur-
derer shall surely be put to death"-Num.
35:17; "The murderer shall surely be put
to death"-Num. 35:ls; These things shall
be for q statute Of judgement unto you
throughout your generations whose
killeth any person, the murderer shah be
put to death by the mouth Of witnesses -
moreover, ye shall take no satisfaction for
the life OF q murderer. which is guilty Of
death; but he shall be surely put to death
-" So ye shall not pollute the land where
In ye are: for the blood it defleth the
land; and the land cannot be cleansed Of
the blood that is shed therein. but by the
blood Of him that shed it," Mum. 35:29-33.
lures regarding capital punishment. It def.
nitely is scriptural rather than unscrtpttral.
Murder pollutes and defiles nation. And
the only way the pollution can be cleansed
away is by the execution Of the murderer.
No other punishment will do; no other
satisfaction" shall be taken: "the murderer
shall surely be put to DEATH"
And nowhere, in the New or Old Testa.
ment, is this Injunction repealed or abro.
gated. CARLYLE B. HAYNES.
Evening star., 1949-08-24
Wants Star to Lead Drive
For Sesquicentennial Funds

To the Editor Of The star:
Nothing demonstrates more effectively
than the veto Of the washington sssqui-
centennial Just how tired and wornout our
legislators are ct present. It Is unfortunate
that such an important appropriation should
be brought before them In their obviously
weakened mental condition. Were they not
plagued by fears that they may miss their
vacation, this appropriation would receive
more careful deliberation.
It is for the businessmen Of the Capital
to take over the reins 30 inelegantly dropped
by the House Of Representatives. Civic
minded citizens must forward the celebra-
ton plans with real sense Of responsibility
for the city which has helped make them
successful. The funds to support the project
are available If an earnest group makes
known their need.
Further, The Star should take the lead in
forwarding the campaign by placing before
the people reasons why . sesquicentennial
celebration is important. Being the oldest
newspaper in Washington. its responsibilities
are manifest. ROBERT z. MURTO.
Evening star., 1949-08-24

fact by writins The Ivsning Star. wsshingson.
inston 3. b. c. Please inciose 8 cents for return
Evening star., 1949-08-24

East Alstead. N. H.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1949-04-09

Mrs. Arelia N. Young and Mr..
Persia Norris was called to their
home in Sandusky, Ohio to attend
the funeral of their grandmother
who passed away recently.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1949-04-09

/ probable jurisdiction. This will be
the final test.
The case grew out of COM
plant which was filed with the
Inter state Commerce Commission
by Elmer Henderson On May II,
1912 against the Southern Rail-
way Company charging that the
railroad had unjustly discrimina-
ted against him in violation Of
the Interstate Commerce Act by
failing to furnish him dining car
service equal to that furnished
White passengers. If the conten-
ton of the plaintiff Is finally up
held, the ruling yill be without
precedent, history making and a
godsend to the millions of Ne
groes who travel by railroad in
the South yearly.