davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
Taft's Record Gets
A New Black Mark

Washington (LPA) - Organized
labor added another black mark
this week to the anti-union record
of Sen. Robert A. Taft Or, Ohio).
Taft sponsored a move that
knocked out a 34-year-old ban on
speedup sys m S, safeguarding
civilian workers in the govern
ment's navy yards.
Decades ago, the so-called "Tay-
lor" stopwatch system was used in
the navy yards to drive craftsmen
into working faster on construc-
ton of naval vessels. AS far back
as 1915, the Machinists and other
unions won a fight to throw out
the Taylor system.
They did so by getting a rider
attached to that years naval ap-
preparation bill forbidding use of
any of the Navy Dept funds for
stopwatch or other time-measuring
processes, calculated to open the
door for speedups.
Every year since then, Congress
has put through a rider on each
naval appropriation measure. When
the issue came up in the Senate for
action last week, Taft raised a
"point of order"-the rider" he
was legislation and hence
couldn't be tackled on to a money
bill.
Because the Senate had recently
set some new precedents against
the practice of adding riders,
Vice President Alben Barkley, the
Senate's presiding officer, reluct-
antly upheld Taft. He indicated he
had no alternative.
Several senators put up fight
to have the ruling reversed, but
they were unable to muster the
necessary two-thirds vote.
A factor in the defeat was some
propaganda against the
rider circulated by the notorious
Committee for Constitutional Gov
ernment, lavishly-fnanced anti
abor lobby. The committee raised
The false scare that the rider would
forbid stopwatch and incentive
systems in all industrial plants
,ver the nation.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
23,550 More Housing
Units Are Approved

Washington (LPA)-Allocations
for 23,550 low-rent public housing
projects were made this week to
eight more cities, making a total of
% cities and 100000 units to date.
Authorized were projects for:
Philadelphia, 10000; Pittsburgh,
$500; Newark, n. j., $500; Mil
waukee, $500; Syracuse, N. Y, $50;
Passaic, n. j., 500; Bayonne, n. j.,
800; Lodi, n. j., 100.
The authorizations are under
the long-range housing program
recently enacted by Congress to
provide $4,000 housing units with
in six years. The ALLEGATIONS are
made by the Public Housing Ad-
ministratior, with the government
helping local housing authorities
by making loans to cover up to 80
percent of construction costs of the
projects.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
lLGW Union Has
Fair Income Fund

Philadelphia LPA)-The "Fail
Income Fund" of the Internationa
Ladies Garment Workers Union
AFL in this city is described by
Fortune magazine for August as q
"new and ingenious scheme" to
straighten out kinks in wages
created by seasonal unemployment
and irregular layoffs.
The dollar-a-throw big business
periodical pays tribute to Samuel
Otto, a vice-president of ILGWU
and manager of the unions Phila-
delphia Waist & Dressmakers Joint
Board, who conceived the idea OF
the fund which provides $4,000
workers in 275 shops with unem-
ployment compensation durin 6
slack periods.
The employers pay the cost OF
the program, contributing 312 per-
cent of their payrolls to the fund.-
which is administered by repre-
sentatives of the union, the en-
ployers' association and DR.. George
w. Taylor of the University of
Pennsylvania's Wharton School.
The fund works two ways. 1t
provides income for unemployed
workers and it acts as spur on
management to keep workers en-
ployed the year around. An en-
ployer with a consistent record of
high employment can retrieve up
to 80 or even 80 percent of his con-
tribution in the form of merit re-
funds. He may get a little wind
fall of $4,000 to $4,000 which
union manager Otto says is quite
an inducement to the many small
and medium-sized employers in the
industry"
AS a result of the employer in
centive f ture, manufacturers
have been led to start their sea-
sons earlier by searching out new
markets and to bring out a more
diversified line of products to keep
people working in normally slack
periods.
Meanwhile, workers get their
benefits directly, If an employe is
out of work for one day in a week,
he receives a "credit" in his Fair
Income Fund book. Twenty credits
entitle him to a maximum of $40
for laid off time. During the cur
rent year, a worker can claim up
to five benefit payments, and un-
redeemed credits can be carried
into next year.
Fortune reports that continuity
of employment produces a more
even wage level. One reason for
this is that new styles are intro
duced more frequently and nego-
tiating over piece rates is less bit
ter if there has been no unemploy-
ment or very little unemployment
preceding introduction of the new
line.
Between October /, 1947, and
the end of September last year
the fund paid $355,000 in unem-
ployment benefits to workers and
$15S,0O0 to employers in merit re-
funds.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
Swedish Seamen's Pay Gains

Stockholm (ILNS).-The Swed.
ish seamen during the last a years
achieved an increase of 60 percent
in real wages, according to a re-
port presented at the recent con-
gress of the Swedish Seamen's
Union in Helsingborg. The Ameri-
can, British, Danish, Finnish, Nor
wegian and Polish sister organiza-
tions sent representatives to the
meeting.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
Meat Cutters Urge
Labor Set Goal OF
Unity Within Year

Chicago IPA)-A powerful APP
peal for unity within the year"
in the ranks of organized labor
was voiced by the Amalgamated
Meat Cutters & Butcher Workmen
(AFL) in a message issued here
by President Earl w. Emerson and
Secretary-T Treasurer P Patrick K.
German.
"No greater tragedy stalks the
labor movement of the nation to-
day than the split in the house of
labor" they said.
Unity can be established, they
insisted. What's needed to bring 1T
about, they pointed out, is "gen-
uine and sincere desire to settle, on
the part of the principals involved
and meeting of minds in an
atmosphere of understanding sup
ported by spirit of give and
take"
"That there is will for labor
unity on the part of the vast maj
ority of the millions of as who
make up the labor movement is no
longer denied" they added.
at is we'll known that leaders
from the top rung Of both the AFL
and CIO get together in very
civilized fashion and cordial good
will whenever it is convenient or
the situation warrants, particular
ly in developing the trade union
movements in European lands.
1--WE also have available within
the ranks of labor the brains, ex-
perience, temperament, ability and
statemanship necessary to do the
job. -.
History is quite positive that
secession breeds secession. Con-
tinued disunity will bring about
the forth and fifth or even a half
dozen different labor movements all
fighting each other.
"The time, therefore, for the
AFL and CIO to act is now. 1t is
up to the leadership to exert its
influence beginning on this Labor
Day, 1949, to determine to have a
united house of labor within the
year.
"These gentlemen hold in their
hands for Is million workers their
wages and hours, seniority and
working conditions, sick benefits
and pensions that are continually
being threatened and menaced by
the persistent division in labor's
rank.
"Why can't both the AFL and
CIO launch the campaign for ANAL
gamation with slogan unity within
the year, proclaiming it from
every park, rostrum or picnic
ground where a labor celebration
IS held, promote it on street corn
ers and in union halls?
LET labor union speakers broad
cast it to the nation, tell it to the
world-unity within the year. To
nave unity is not for a moment to
ignore the fact that there are pro-
Dlems, perhaps numerous and many
IF them weighty that will have to
be considered. But whatever they
ire, they are human problems and
as such can be solved"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
AFL TEXTILE UNION
GETS 100% IN VOTE

Atlanta (LPA) - The United
Textile Workers of American AFL
hit the bulls-eye in winning Natl
Relations Board election at the
IChildersburg, Ala, rayon plant OF
the Beaunit Mills, Inc. Total num-
Der of employees, 10. Vote for
UTWA-AFL: 110. No challenged
ballots, no voided ballots.
The Textile Workers Union OF
America-CIO, asked to appear OF
the ballot, but withdrew after un-
fair labor practice charges it filed
against the company were dismiss
ed.
UTAW-AFL now represents 5000
employees of Beaunit at two rayon
plants in Elizabethtown, Tenn.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
Australia Ends Labor Curb

Washington, D. c. QLNS). =
Dispatches from Canberra, Aus
tralia report that Deputy Prime
Minister Herbert Evatt had ann
ounced the repeal of legislation
that froze trade union and Com
munist party funds and kept labor
from supporting the recent coal
strike. Evatt admitttd that law
was without precedent" but said
it was supported by the majority
of trade unionists and helped break
the strike, which, it was charged,
was Communist-inspired.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
BUS STRIKE ENDS

New York (LPA)-Members of
Transport Workers Union have
ended a one-week strike against
the Triboro Coach Co. in Queens
after voting 133 to SO to accept a
wage package they originally voted
down.
Union gains included swing-time
pay after 212 hours (time between
rushes when drivers are idle), up
grading of mechanics with raises
of So to SIC week, sickness and
injury pay, two ten-minute smok-
ing periods a day, time-and-a-half
after eight hours Git used to be
81 hours).
The settlement was originally
recommended by union leaders but
rejected by Queens bus drivers be-
cause drivers in nearby Jamaica
have an even better contract.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08

mainland dock workers. The COM
panies, which are dominated by
Hawaii's 19th-century minded big
Five" business combines, first Of
fered eight cents, then IL cents,
then agreed to the Ia cents recon-
mended by an emergency fact
finding board. The union has in
dicated it will accept less than the
80 cents originally demanded.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
Refutes Corp. Alibi

Madison, Wis. OPA)-Dr.
Theodore Kreps suggested in
his speech to the bankers here
that many of the alibis cur
rently offered for high corp
crate profts-such as the need
to replace machinery and ex-
pand production-"may sound
some years hence less like
actual fact and sound econ
omic reasoning than like trans
parent apologies for irrefut-
ably high profits"
Kreps pointed out that be-
cause of chronological pro-
gress, new machines often cost
less than the old ones they re-
place, but are far more eff
cient. Big business has con-
stantly excused current high
profits by talking about the
high cost of replacing old ma
chinery.
private capital investment may con-
tinue to fall short of the target
levels needed by the economic sys-
tenn as whole to assure ample op-
portunity for high level employ,
nent without initiation"
Kreps added that if business con-
,inues to restrict production the
economy will be robbed Of the
benefits that arise from competi-
ion, and productive capacity and
Effective demand will be kept be
ow that necessary for high-level
employment opportunity"
"The crucial question here is"
le said, twill the large oligopolies
,monopolies composed of two or
hree big companies controlling a
single industry that dominate so
arge segment of our economy
lot only preach but practice the
fundamentals of the American
system of free, private, competi-
i've enterprise? At this stage the
cientifc observer can do little
more than hope and wait"
Kreps, in his speech, did not
any industry by name,
'ut he might have been talking
irectly to the leaders of the steel
Industry who have refused to ex-
and production to the extent nee
ssary to maintain a full employ
1ent economy, and instead have
eld prices up to a level which has
ielded the richest profits in his
Dry.
Earlier in his speech Kreps had
ointed to capital investment as
the most unstable factor" in our
rivate enterprise economy, point
lg out that its shrinkage had
aused the 1929 depression. lit also
aused the present recession.) He
uoted DR.. Moulton as asserting
lat the key to the volume of cap
al investment was the volume of
,nsumer demand rather than the
actors cited by big business pro-
agandists, such as high taxes or
le fear of government interfer-
nee.
Kreps said, the biggest problem
icing the Congressional investi-
ators was how to use scientific
to achieve steady econ
mic expansion instead of waiting
n the busts that always follow
lch booms as the one we have en-
yed during recent years. This
'oblem, he said, involves not only
consumer purchasing
,wer, but also expansion of pro-
lctive facilities sufficient to en-
oy all available workers.
DR.. Kreps told the bankers that
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
Paw Boost Ends Dive Strike

Rensselaer,, N. Y. (ILNS).-Five
hundred strikers of the Interna-
tional Chemical Workers Union
AFL, voted to accept a 6-cent-an-
hour pay increase from the Gener-
al Aniline Dye Works. The men
had asked an Scent rise.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
1898
Io4Q

Medical for polio patients costing the National Founda-
ton for InfanIe Paralysis money than before
because better treatment available today than formerly the
accompanying chart reveals Until 1898 when the National
dati0n formed physician usually comprised
the hest available Today modern polio treatment may
include Ii specialized services provided by entire TEAM OF
professional workers This expanded has cost National
Foundation Chapters millions March of Dimes funds More
needed Immediately continue services Support
the POLIO EPIDEMIC EMERGENCY DRIVE to help care for
todays polio patients Send contribution to POLIO,
of your local Post Office.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08
MEMBERSHIP AT RECORD TOP

Cincinnati, Ohio (ILNS).-Mem-
bership in the Hotel and Restaur-
ant Employees and Bartenders In
ternational Union has reached the
record high total of 100000.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08

In my household the item that
has lasted longest and given the
most comfort is a footstool.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08

the problem of getting the right
volume of investment into the right
industries at the right time had no.
yet been solved. Pointing out tha'
the control of such investment sis
in the hands of a relatively small
group of men," he said one of the
chief purposes of the inquiry viii
be to find out what makes these
men change their policies at the
of the country.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-09-08

Demand the Union Label.
Evening star., 1949-11-27

by or soon after the first Of the
year.
The Military Committee is
scheduled to meet in Paris Tues
day and go over the draft of the
strategic plan which it has had
developed. The Defense Commit
tee will then meet for the same
purpose on Thursday.
Both Senator johnson and Gen.
Bradley are counting on quick
action because of the spadeWork
already out of the way.
In the meantime. it was learned,
President Truman this week re-
leased the first few million dol
lars of arms program funds to be
spent in readying equipment for
quick shipment to Europe.
Neither the strategic plan nor
the defense treaty itself provide
the answers to some of the re-
lated high political-military issues
which are now being secretly de-
bated in defense and foreign min
istries in many of the Western
capitals. The two hottest issues
concern Germany and Spain.
Spain, Germany Issues.
Many diplomats and military
men alike are convinced that
eventually the Western powers will
have to decide Cd whether an ef-
fective military system can be
completed in Western Europe
without Spain and 20 whether
Western Europe. including West
ern Germany, can be defended
without the Germans themselves
contributing armed forces.
The strategic plan was described
here as an outline according to
which the detailed defenses of
each sector will be worked out.
The plan conceivably may be
changed in the Paris meetings but
American officials do not expect
any substantial alterations from
the proposed draft worked out
through the Military Committee
and it's three-nation standing
group" composed of British,
French and American generals.
1t was learned that the plan
closely follows an outline of sta
tegic tasks for the Atlantic treaty
nations which Gen. Bradley de-
scribed to Congress last session.
Main Strategic Concepts.
Here are the main strategic
concepts embodied in the propos-
ais for defense of the Atlantic
area:
/. The job Of strategic bombing.
which means preparation for op-
Grating fleets of giant bombing
planes, falls to the United States
as the country most able to under
take it and the first priority for
the United States is to be able to
deliver the atomic bomb.
z. The, United States Navy to-
gether with the naval forces of
the Western European Union
Evening star., 1949-11-27

visions the operators laid down to
Mr.. Lewis men earlier in the year.
That was that several parts of the
old contract to which the owners
object must be deleted from any
new pact.
Only one thing was certain in
the coal crisis. 1t was that Mr..
Lewis will meet with the UMW's
200-man policy committee in New
York at 3 pm. tomorrow. Mr..
Lewis finally confirmed two-day
old reports that he had summoned
the committee to New York.
Whether there will be a strike
will be decided at the UNIV meet
ing.
Cyrus S. Ching. Federal media
tion chief, left for speaking en-
gagements in Detroit after being
in communication by telephone
with the coal disputants most of
yesterday. On Friday, it was
learned on good authority, Mr..
Ching held a secret meeting with
Mr.. Lewis and a representa- tive of
the Northern operators. He re-
fused to comment on whether such
a conference was held, or what the
situation was regarding resump-
tion of contract talks.
Taft-Hartley Action Waits
There was no indication that
the Government planned to in
woke the Taft-Hartley Act in ad-
vance of new mine strike. Pres
ident Truman. however, has stated
he would not hesitate to use in
junction provision of the law if.
and when. he feels a national
emergency situation has arrived.
But Taft Hartley could not pos
sibly prevent a strike, since the
President. under the law, must
first receive report from a fact
finding board before he can in
struct the Attorney General to go
into court for strike Injunction.
Evening star., 1949-11-27

The membership Of such a board
for the coal dispute has been Sc
lected for some time, although the
names have not been announced
However. the time required for
a fact board to investigate and re-
port to the President would carry
past the strike deadline. 1t was
believed the Government is willing
to allow the situation to go into a
strike in the belief a work STOP
page would pressure both sides in
to negotiations.
The mine operators do not want
strike at this time because they
are in the midst of their busiest
and most lucrative season. The
miners already have lost more
than a quarter of their pay so far
this year from work stoppages
and Mr.. Lewis three-day week.
They would not want another
shutdown just before Christmas.
Evening star., 1949-11-27
Senator Mcclellan Flown
To Veterans HOSPITAL
BY the Associoted Press

MEMPHIS, Tenn, Nov. 90
Senator Mcclellan, Democrat, of
Tennessee, left here by Army
plane today to enter the Mountain
Home Veterans Administration
Hospital in johnson City, Tenn.
The Senator's physician, DR..
H. G. Rudner, said Senator Nc
Kellar was accompanied by his
secretary, w. R. Davidson, and
nurse, Miss Lois Farley.
He will remain at the VA hos
pital as a "convalesent patient"
Indefinitely, DR.. Rudner said.
The 80-year-old Senator has
been in a hospital in Memphis
since November IS. He was being
treated for burns received when
he accidently fell against a hot
water tap in his hotel room.
DR.. Rudner said the burns are
still causing Senator Mcclellan
discomfort and will require
dressing for two or three weeks.
Senator McKellar also has suf-
fered from "some shock" he said.
Evening star., 1949-11-27

powers is to remedy that situation
and the specific purpose OF the
arms aid program is to provide
weapons and stimulate arms pro-
duction in Europe so that it may
be remedied in the shortest posi-
BILE time.
Atom Attack Held Deterrent.
It is in connection with such
considerations as these that Spain,
Germany and the atomic bomb
usually forge to the front in any
frank private discussion here with
strategic planners. For they rely
in the main on the striking power
of an atom armed American Air
Force to reach the heart Of Rus
sia as a powerful deterrent against
any adventurous plans which the
Kremlin might have.
Spain. from a strictly military
point of view, might in event of a
successful Russian drive to the
West, be the only land where the
Western powers could keep a toe
hold on the continent of Europe.
Spain is protected from the rest
of Europe by the Pyrenees noun
tains.
The question of German re-
armament is one which has
brought White House and State
Department denials in some form,
has upset the French, and has
generally caused political head
aches whenever it was raised.
Nevertheless there is strong rea-
son for believing that this is a
subject which has been thoroughly
explored by Western military
leaders and that some of them, at
least. regard the eventual, care
fully controlled rearmament of
Germany - which would mean
actually a small limited force in
Western Germany-as an in
evitable future step.
Evidence that the Russians are
already setting about this in their
zone is regarded by some author
tiles here as one of the factors
which may force similar action
someday by the Western occupa-
tion powers.
Evening star., 1949-11-27
Johnson and Bradley
FLY 10 Paris 10 Seek
West Strategy Accord
By John N. Hiehtower
Associoted Press Stof Writer

Americas top military planners
took off for Paris last night aim
ing at swift final agreement on
the Western worlds strategic plan
for defense against Russia.
Secretary of Defense johnson
and Gen. Bradley, chairman of the
joint Chiefs of Staff. will urge
accord by the IL Atlantic treaty
powers on the plan worked out
through their military committee.
Gen. Bradley is chairman OF the
committee.
Accompanied by staff aides, Gen.
Bradley and Mr.. Johnson boarded
a special Air Force transport at
Philadelphia Immediately after
watching the Army-Navy football
game. Mr.. johnson plans to stop
off at Frankfurt. Germany. for a
day or two before going on to
Paris. Gen. Bradley, after leav-
ing Mr.. johnson at Frankfurt,
will continue to Paris.
Informed officials said that the
military plan due to be adopted
covers at least five types of de-
fense tasks to be undertaken by
one or more of the IL member ma
tionS
The primary task of the United
States will be to maintain and de-
velop it's A-bomb air force for in
stant emergency use wherever
needed.
u. s. Expects Quick Action.
Agreement on a grand strategy
will clear the way for full de-
livery of a billion dollars worth
of arms from the United States to
Western Europe pending some
technical agreements.
1t is expected that the first arms
shipments will cross the Atlantic
Evening star., 1949-11-27
Coal

(Continued From First Page.)