davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Riqht to Work

In holding Chat state can protect Cne
right of men to work even though strike
is in progress, the Supreme Court has an
nounced q welcome but not particularly
significant decision.
In the circumstances Of the case before
it, the court could hardly have ruled other
wise. At issue was an attack by the CIO
on the Arkansas "right-to-work" law.
According to lawyers for the union, the
statute was unconstitutional because it
abridged freedom of speech and assembly.
What the statute actually does is to make
it unlawful for any person, acting in con-
cert with one or more other persons, to
assemble at or near any place where a
labor dispute exists, and by force or
violence prevent or attempt to prevent
any one from engaging In any lawful
occupation. In other words, 1t Is unlawful
for strikers to band together and beat up
non-strikers. Another clause makes it
unlawful for any person acting either by
himself or as a member Of any group or
organization, or acting In concert with
one or more other persons, to promote,
encourage or aid any such unlawful
assemblage.
This latter clause is bit broader, but
as interpreted by the courts of Arkansas
an Interpretation noted by the Supreme
Court-it means that an accused person,
In order to be held guilty, must aid the
assemblage with the intention that force
and violence would be used to prevent a
person from working. This would not
apply to an innocent member of picket
line in case where violence occurred to
which he was not party and OF which
he had no foreknowledge. No such ques-
ton was before the court, and it is doubtful
that conviction in such circumstances
would be sustained.
All that the court has done Is to say
that State can punish a concerted and
forcible attempt by strikers to prevent a
man from working. Manifestly, this is no
abridgment Of the rights Of free speech
and assembly. 1t is merely recognition Of
power which the States have always had
and which more Of them ought to exercise
when legitimate union activity gives way
to mob rule.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Soruwok's White Roiohs'

Behind the Stabblng OF the new BrltlSn
governor of Sarawak lies one OF the most
Intriguing stories of the Far East. The
crime was obviously political. The would
be assassin and his accomplice, both young
natives, were members OF loyalist asso-
ciation protesting against the recent an
nexation of Sarawak to the British Crown.
But who was the former ruler who excited
such fanatic devotion? He was Sir Charles
vyner Brooke, third in dynasty OF pure
blooded Anglo-Saxon Britishers which
ruled Sarawak as autocratic "Rajahs" for
more than hundred years. The continu-
ing popularity of the dynasty is evidenced
by the fact that the British government
refuses to let Sir Charles nephew, Anthony
Brooke, enter sarawak, frankly on the
ground that his presence there might in
tensify loyalist agitation. Anthony Is
His Highness The Tuan Muda or Heir
Apparent, who would normally have as
cended the throne.
Sarawak is country OF about hfty
thousand square miles lying along the
northwest coast of the big island OF
Borneo. And It was in the far-of year,
1s40, that the redoubtable Brooke family
appeared on the scene. In those days the
Far East was full of masterful young
Britishers intent on carving out careers
for themselves and furthering the interests
of empire and motherland. Sarawak was
then a squalid little principality sub
ordinate to the neighboring Sultanate OF
Brunei Oppressed by the Sultans agents,
it was in revolt. One James Brooke offered
to uueIl the revolt if the Sultan would let
him run the show. The bargain was struck,
James did the Job effectively, and in 1842
he became "Raiah." Soon with "Sir" to
his name, bestowed by an appreciative
British Crown, James proceeded to make
his little country going concern. He was
very much the benevolent despot," dis
pensing law, order and justice tempered
to the natures of his subjects, who ranged
from semi mi-civilized coastal Malays to wild
headhunters in the jungles and mountains
of the hinterland. The key posts In the
administration were filled with picked
Britishefs, who likewise commanded the
small yet efficient constabulary and police
force, Retail trade was done mainly by
Chinese immigrants, who were encouraged
but strictly controlled. As Rajah Charles
remarked toward the end Of the last cen
tury: without the Chinaman we could
do nothing. When not allowed to form
secret societies he is easily governed, and
this he Is forbidden to do on pain of death" !"
From ruler to ruler, sarawak grew in
prosperity and In size through purchases
from neighboring native potentates. Brit
ish capital started rubber plantations and
then q rich oil field was discovered. Tax
alton was light and equitable, the foreign
trade balance was consistently favorable
and there was not penny OF national
debt.
Such was Sarawak in 1912, when 1t was
cverrun by the Japanese like the rest OF
the East Indies. The ruling Rajah, Sir
Charles vyner Brooke, happened to be out
of theEountry at the time. Shortly after
tbs evacuation Of the japanese In early
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Who Thinks Them Up?

In his little talk here the other night,
Bennett Cert, the publisher who makes
anthologies Of them, dwelt at some length
on the fact that jokes-good, bad and
indifferent-seem to travel from place to
place with supersonic speed. That is true
enough. But the equally queer thing about
them, the mystifying thing, is that their
authors apparently are all in hiding, even
though there are some people, Of course,
who do not hesitate to claim that they
themselves have thought up the gags they
have really borrowed or hlched.
This is a matter that should have the
attention of any one who is looking for
thesis that would be suitable for earning
a Ph.D. degree in literature. Mr.. Cert has
done no more than scratch the surface.
It is all well and good to observe that jokes
have a phenomenally fast way OF cir
culating, coming into currency In a hun
dred different places-thousands Of miles
from each other-at practically the same
moment. The scholar, however, must go
much deeper than that Il any SELF
respecting university is to give him q
doctorate on the subject. He must dig
and search He must try to fand the
actual originating point OF these stories.
He must travel the length and breadth Of
the land in an effort to determine who
really thinks them up and why it is that
their authorship has thus far remained
so obscure. s.
But such q scholar ought to be fore
warned. He ought to know that the
makers Of jokes are about as elusive as
the will-o -the-wisp. Indeed, they may all
be one man-that fellow named Anony-
NOUS, and nicknamed Anon, who has spiced
generations Of anthology books. Strange
though 1t may seem, it is not inconceivable
that right now, equipped with devices
putting him in instantaneous communities
ton with the world at large, he Is sitting
in some secret, inaccessible place thinking
up new gags, refurbishing old ones, and
sending the whole lot out for simultaneous
telling everywhere.
This fellow, If he exists, is not going to
be easy to track down. Presumably small
of stature, bewhiskered full of elm n1is-
chief and slyer than the slyest fox. he
Evening star., 1949-12-07
We Cun Use Their Hell p


ing all work on its third atomic pile, the
Labor governments Ministry OF Supply has
made the cryptic statement that the sus-
pension has been decided upon because
of possible developments In the near
future"
Although the nature of those possible
developments" remains an official secret,
there is good reason to assume that they
must be of considerable potential i'm
portance. If they were not, then 1t is
hardly likely that the British would put
a stop to this phase of their significant
atomic project at sellafield, where two
big piles, or reactors-each 120 feet high
are already In operation.
It may be more than coincidence, OF
course, that Britain has reached this
decision within about week after the
announcement by our Atomic Energy
Commission that we are going to build
four new nuclear reactors, three OF them
at the great 400, 0,000-acre testing station
around Arco, Idaho, and the fourth at
Knolls Laboratory near Schenectady, New
York. Conceivably, too, 1t may be that
the British have made fresh discoveries
indicating better ways Of building better
piles.
In either case-whether because they
do not want to duplicate work that we are
about to do or whether because they have
hit upon significant new ideas calling for
a change in their plans-the decision by
the British to stop building their third
pile serves as reminder OF the desir-
ability of cooperating with them in atomic
matters. The same holds true for the
Canadians. The development Of reactors-
which produce the fashionable material
constituting the explosive content OF the
A-bomb-is essential to additional progress
in harnessing nuclear energy for both
military and benefcent peacetime pur-
poses, and our wartime partners in the
project may have as much help to offer
us in this respect as we have to offer them.
Under the law enacted in 1946, numerous
restrictions hamper Anglo Canadian
American atomic cooperation. But talks
are now going on in an effort to work out
an arrangement that will permit, within
reasonable limits, aemutually helpful ex-
change of information and measure OF
direct collaboration. These talks are In
line with an understanding between the
administration and the Senate House
Committee on the atom that no classified
material will be released without prior
consultation with the committee, which
will decide whether or not such action
requires special legislative authorization.
Simple common sense argues strongly
for a properly circumscribed system of
continuing cooperation. Britain and
Canada, after all, besides being our allies
In the Atlantic Pact, control important
sources Of uranium, and their nuclear
scientists are among the worlds best-a
fact amply demonstrated by the vital role
they played in helping us to figure out,
design and produce the A-bomb during
the war.
With reactor development now becoming
the most important single phase Of our
atomic project, we cannot afford to shrug
of the idea of working jointly with our
British and Canadian friends. Such three
way cooperation, with adequate security
safeguards, can be Of immense value to
us, to them, and to the entire free world.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.

BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.
@. How many miles did Paul Revere cover
during his historic ride?-D. w. Il.
, A. Frank w. Coburn in his volume "Ths
Battle Of April 10. IT'S" states: '"Ihe en-
tire distance that Revere rode, from the
Charlestown shore to the spot in Lincoln
where he was captured, and back to Lex
ington Common, was between eighteen and
nineteen mites, and the elapsed time nearly
four hours"
Q. What is Canada's record in the matter
Of bank failures in recent years?-R. H. M.
A. Since 1914 in Canada there has been
only one bank failure. which occurred in
bank suspensions In 1945, 1946 and 1948,
only / In 1914 and in 1947.
O. Is It possible for civilian to visit the
gold depository at Fort Knox, Ky.?-M.L.
A. No visitors, servicemen or others, are
permitted to visit Fort Knox, KY.
@. What was the share of the worlds
gold stock owned by the United States
before World War and how much has it
increased?-J. T. M.
A. There are no precise figures on the
worlds gold stocks, including those which
are privately owned. In 1918 the United
States owned less than ~ per cent Of the
estimated world total. BY 1887 the pro-
portion had increased to little over one
half. In 1945 the United States owned
over 81 per cent of the aggregate, and by
the middle Of 1948, 63 per cent. During
the following year gold stocks grew by about
a billion dollars to total of $24.6049 1884,
921.87 on October 3, 1949. This represents
702, 800 ,854.9 ounces.
@. How much tax does the United States
= Government collect on package Of 20 ciga-
rettes?-C. AT.
A. The Federal Government collects ap-
proximately seven cents on each package Of
cigarettes.
Evening star., 1949-12-07

apparently does not want to be found out
not ever. After all, though he occasionally
has thought up some mighty good ones
and made considerable money for people
like Mr.. Cert and the radio comedians, he
has an awful lot of sins to answer for.
That may be the thing that keeps him In
hiding
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Expresses Hope for Response
To Angels Christmas Song

Expresses Hope for Response
To Angels Christmas Song
To the Editor Of The Star:
We sometimes forget the real significance
OF Christmas. This holy season commemo-
rates the greatest event in all the world.
Christmas belongs to Christ; nothing equals
1t. The Joy, the happiness. the reunions,
the gifts, were all at the Bethlehem stable
and radiate therefrom. Christmas is cele-
bration for all countries, according to ira
dition and climate. Alaska rings her bells
over the deep. silent snow, while Australia
celebrates on the beaches where breezes
temper the heat. Wherever the name Of
the Christ Child is proclaimed. sentiments
of good will and benevolence fill the mind
and lift the heart In alteration for Jesus,
who came to give peace.
Many have wandered from this divine
blessing and have sought power and greed,
to find only defeat in the end. May this
Christmas bring not only transient Joy, but
q profound realization Of the spirit Of love
and good will, intended for all mankind,
by the coming Of the Son Of God and may
the angels song, Peace on Earth" find
response in our hearts.
MRS. M. L. WAIDE.
Evening star., 1949-12-07

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
,priter, although It Is permissible TOR
,oriter kno1Dn to The Star to use
nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Blames NAACP for Decision
OF UNFAO to Locate In Rome
tn thu Editor of The Star.

OF UNFAO to Locate In Rome
To the Editor Of The star
The announcement was made recently that
the United Nations Food and Agriculture
Organization had rejected a most generous
invitation by the University Of Maryland to
locate on the College Park campus.
Instrumental In securing the rejection
was petition submitted by the National
Association for the Advancement Of Colored
People on the basis that the University prac-
tices racial discrimination.
fail to recognize any advancement In
such action on the part Of the NAACP. In
fact, one must admit that 1t is a tremendous
setback not only for the University Of Mary
land and the people Of the Metropolitan
Washington area. but also for the NAACP
and the Negro race particularly.
Few forward-looking persons can indorse
such actions as advancements and. indeed.
they exemplify the adage Of one cutting off
his nose to spite his FACET
May suggest that the NAACP effectively
''take stock Of itself" to find out whether 1t
is advancing or regressing? Mutual benefits
can be secured only through mutual action.
The action Of the NAACP. as the representa-
tive Of the Negro population. which helped
cause the rejection Of the proposed Wash
1ngton area location for the UNFAO In favor
Of site in Rome, Italy. resulted In loss
for all Washingtonians merely because the
NAACP leaders were short-sighted and ILL
advised. RONALD r. PrTCHEREILO.
Evening star., 1949-12-07

case was pending In the Court OF Appeals.
the grand jury charged that A. & P. collected
$313,O00 in secret rebates from just these
Chicago milk purchases. Again we ask: rs
this vigorous, healthy price competition" ?"
The officers and members of the National
Federation of Independent Business believe
it is anything but vigorous. healthy price
competition" GEORGE J. BURGER,
Vice President, National Federation OF
Independent Business, Inc.
Evening star., 1949-12-07

Science in the atomic field moves at a
breathless pace, and with Senators around
to tell all, coming events now cast their
shadows behind.
Evening star., 1949-12-07

AS rule, it takes about six weeks to
get things Strengthened out after an eight
year-old wonders how she would look with
homemade bangs.
Evening star., 1949-12-07

A condition has arisen in the Christmas
neckwear field whereby a tie inaudible at
three blocks Is conservative"
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Wants Leaders To Encourage People
To Live Together In One World
To the Editor Of The Star:

WHNC8 Ic3QETS 10 EuCUuf8BC FHOplS
To Live Together In One World
To the Editor Of The Star:
A story goes that king asked one Of his
wise men for q statement that would always
be true. The wise man-who was truly
wise-responded with: This, too. shall pass
away"
Change is the unchanging factor Of life.
Instead of spending their energies, vocif-
erously and vainly protesting against in
evitable social mutations the leaders among
those who profit most from the status quo
the teachers, the ministers. the businessmen
Of our community-might far better devote
themselves to learning. and encouraging
others to learn, the techniques, already
established. for living together in this One
World that rushes on apace-even to WASH
tngton. v. ]. DOZIER.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Letters to The Star
Recalls Bad Conditions
In Schools of the Past.

Recalls BAD COnQ1tl0nS
In Schools Of the Past.
To the Editor Of The Star:
I am interested in the many complaints.
especially by the Negro population, lodged
against the Commissioners and the Board
Of Education, concerning the crowded con-
ditions Of our schools and the necessity for
double shifts"
A group of families in one Of our north
west neighborhoods experienced crowded
conditions and double shifts far in excess OF
any that have as yet been presented either
by the white or by the colored.
Personally, as mother of three, I ex-
perienced these conditions from 1913. when
my eldest daughter started to school. until
the graduation of my youngest daughter IN
1885,
My eldest daughter had to 60 half days
because Of the crowded condition. and for
three years attended classes in an old frame
house adjoining the main building. Then
she had to 60 nine blocks to the 9th grade.
thence to Ninth street and Rhode Island
avenue, to the Business High School, My
son went half days for four years, starting
in one of the two classes in the old Metho-
dist Church for one year, and the remain
ing three years in a portable. When he went
to high school, 1t was necessary to go to
Ninth street and Rhode Island avenue,
either to walk or pay full fare, for we did not
have three-cent fare then.
The associates of my children were the
sons and daughters of the now prominent
people of Washington. and during our meet
ings at the schools, no serious complaints
were lodged. We made the best of it. and
the children got good educations.
Years ago, my husband, in his high school
days, had to walk from Eighth and H streets,
northeast tn Seventh and q streets north
west, to the then old Central High School:
later to the Business High School in the old
brick building on First street NV. He got
a good education, Notwithstanding these
handicaps Of school housing and distances
to travel.
It seems to me the compliments are
making mountain out Of mole hill and
that they do not appreciate the fine school
facilities we now have. H.G.C.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Readefs Comment on Letter
On Segregation by First d. C. Teacher
r. III. Rditor NJ The atar.

Readefs Comment on Letter
On Segregation by First d. G. Teacher
TO the Editor Of The Star:
It is obvious. from both Of First D. G.
Teachers letters that her entire conscious
ness is completely permeated by set OF finely
grained prejudices. Throughout both letters
logical conclusion, the American birthright
and the Golden Rule have been tossed to the
winds in sacrifcial esteem for her so-called
common sense" and practical standpoint"
line Of reasoning. In justification Of dual
educational setup which is morally and
legally unjust (not to mention the poor eco
Monies involved) First D. c. Teacher has
characterized herself as being sensitively
biased in racial outlook.
She should not in any guise. have to COM
promise with democracy or our Christian
heritage In substantiation Of racial or reli-
gious segregation and prejudice. First D. c.
Teacher Is whitewashing her conception OF
American democracy, instead Of washing it
white. REGINALD HUTCHINSON.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Resents Paying Storage
On Surplus Products
To the Editor Of The Star:

Why, when people are starving overseas.
do American taxpayers have to foot bill OF
$4,000 day for storage space for surplus
products which are rotting?
Why not send this surplus food to those
in destitute countries? It's bad enough to
have high prices, but why keep surplus
here and torment the taxpayers more by
making them pay storage on the countless
blessings God has showered upon us? I
hope Congress rectides this situation. I'm
sure voters will try to In 1850. r. j. s.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
One Who Dislikes Mayonnaise
Wonders Why No Butter
To the Editor Of The Star:

The wartime BUTTERFLIES sandwich still is
In circulation. During the war. we patriotic
citizens were only too glad to cooperate by
forcing our taste buds to become adapted to
dry slices. What excuse is there now for
substituting mayonnaise (Which thoroughly
dislike) for butter? G. s.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
Questions and Answers

reader can get the answer to any questio,
q fact by writing The Evening star Mformatio!
Bureau. 31o Eye st. ne, Washington 2, D. c
Please tnclose three (3) cents for return postage
Evening star., 1949-12-07
TO the Editor Of Ths 1tar:
TO first D. C. reacher and to all persons
In sympathy with her opinions, I offer this
thought:
e. It Is never too late to give up our
prejudices
These words are quoted from Henry David
Thoreau. IRVING M. GOLDMAN.

Constant agitation for the abolishment OF
segregation is BY no stretch Of the imagination
improving the situation for, the Negro The
reverse is true. Right now white people are
beginning to take notice Of the men whom
they elect to Office. On every side hear
people talking about an organization for the
advancement Of white people to offset the
political pressure that has been soaring Con-
gressmen. You may be certain that when the
white people organize the politicians will re-
verse their positionS on many issues
What chance would the colored aSttators
for the abolishment Of segregation have II the
white people would form the same type OF
organisation o. the National Association TOR
the Advancement Of Colo1ed Peoplea
LARRY DooLEy.
Evening star., 1949-12-07
TO the Editor Of The Star:

TO the Editor Of The Star:
d. c. Teacher. along with many whites.
seems to think that any Negro who SPEAKS
out against segregation is an agitator. Wen'
II being against segregation makes one an
agitator. then truthfully can say that the
vast majority Of Negroes are agitators, for
they certainly are against it. Maybe D. G.
Teacher thinks it doesn't imply attitudes OF
superiority and inferiority. but we certainly
do. I'll bet she wouldn't like the idea OF
being segregated against her viii.
NATHAN STOLEY.
Evening star., 1949-12-07

To the Editor Of The Star: ~ ...
After reading the letter signed First d. g.
Teacher. I should like the teacher to answer
one question.
Suppose she had three small children. and
was living within two blocks Of school,
Because of our dual system, her children
must 20 Six or seven blocks, passing the
school, and, then across dangerous inter-
section.
Would the steacher call this democracy2
A PARENT.