davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-11-24
Eyewifnesses Recall MossiIIon
Massacre I'm Little Steel Strike
BY MARY NEATON WORSE

Massillon, Ohio (LPA) = The
steel strike is over Most of the
men are back to work. This time
there were no incidents" But il
is well to remember on what this
victory was built, in contrast with
the not so distant days of 1887 and
the Little Steel" Strike.
Everyone knows about the Mem
orial Day massacre in Chicago,
where eight persons were shot and
killed. Few realize that as many
were slaughtered in the Youngs-
town Massillon-Canton area-four
in Massillon, two in Youngstown,
one in Canton, one in Beaver Falls.
We were in the spacious and ele-
CANT former private home on
Lincoln Way, now occupied by
Local No. 1924 of the union. And
the eyewitnesses of the Massillon
massacre retold the story of the
night of July II, 1887.
There had been a backto-work
movement, instigated by the com
pany. The LaFollete Committee
records say: Between May II and
July /, when Gov. Davey ordered
the Ohio National Guard to Mas
sillon. . the plant office was en-
gagged in a campaign to corrupt the
police to break the strike. +. The
Law and Order League, publicly
maintaining its purpose was to
establish law and order, privately
set to work with all its power to
break the strike and reopen the
plants. 1t assisted and sub
sidiZed the back-to- work move
ment, whipped up public opinion
against the union by spreading
rumors of violence" Chief of Police
Switter testified that plant officials
demanded "Why in hell he didn't
take action like the Chicago police
meaning the Memorial Day mur-
ders. Finally under company pres
sure, extra deputies were armed.
81 think | can give you a pretty
clear picture Of what happened"
said Roy Thomas, who had been
the Local president in 1887. "We
had no trouble at any time in
Massilon until after the National
Guards moved in. Then they de-
putized a lot of company stooges
to shoot us. On July IL we had a
rally out at Oak Knoll Park with
three speakers. We had folk dane
ing and dancing in the street and
singing. 1t was nice community
affair with a band of union mem
bers. 1t came on to rain so we re-
treated to strike headquarters and
continued our dancing and singing
till the shift changed between II
and IL. We were getting pickets
for the night shift ready. Two or
three hundred people were hanging
around the union hall not expect
ing anything. Then there was a
burst of gunfre. They fired a ma
chine gun and gas shells right into
the crowd. Here is a sample" and
he stood an ugly eight-inch gas
shell on the table.
"They claim some one threw
stones or fired rifle but not one
of the police was hurt, not single
one. The womenfolk were in the
kitchen getting ready to feed the
pickets coming off picket duty.
When they opened up fire it was
just like firing on so many animals
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-11-24
Hosiery Workers Hold Line

Philadelphia (LPA)-With con-
tracts renewed with more than
9Oqs of the employers, wage and
work standards for $4,000 workers
in the full fashioned hosiery indus
try have been maintained by the
American Federation Of Hosiery
Workers. Contracts signed with in
dependents contain improvements
over the national master agree
ment with the industry, according
to Alexander McKeown, union pre-
sident.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-11-24
VA. VOTERS DON'T FALL FOR
SHAM POLL TAX REPEAL

Richmond (LPA) - An attempt
to confuse the issue of repeating
the Virginia poll tax failed here
in the Nov. 8 election. Voters, by
about three. to one, rejected a pro-
posal which would substitute, for
the poll tax, system of annual
registration, literacy tests, and
other voting restrictions.
Organized labor in the state
fought the amendment to the state
constitution, which was sponsored
by the Byrd machine. While the or
ganization Democrats swept all
state offices, they were unable to
foist the vote-control plan on the
people.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-11-24

housing program to help US free
this generation-not some genera
ton yet unborn = from tuber-
culosisv
DR.. Scheele described the Nation
al Housing Act of 1949, enactment
of which labor strongly supported,
as zone Of the most significant
pieces of health legislation passed
during this decade"
The acts broad implications, he
added, "are breathtaking. We in
the United States can rejoice that
at last the deep desire of the Am
erican people for safe healthful,
decent homes has triumphed over
selfish interests"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-11-24
Lawyers For Closed Shop

Minneapolis (LPA) - Although
lawyers thunder against the closed
shop for labor, and just love the
Taft Hartley act, they are all for
the closed shop-for themselves.
The Hennepin County (Minne-
apois) Bar Assn has sued in dis
trict court asking that the First
National bank and the Northwest
ern National be restrained from al
legedly practicing law. 1t seems
the banks help customers write
wills and legal documents connect
ed with estates.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-11-24

in a trap. They went and nred
right in the door of the Union Hall.
Folancio Golzavo was killed right
on the sidewalk. When the strikers
begged to pick him up the answer
was more gunfire. Another was
killed outright that night and two
more died within five days. 1t is
hard to say how many were wound
ed. Metro, the Coffeehouse owner
was shot in the chest and is still
doctoring in Cleveland. Mrs. Keck-
edge died from gas. We lost lot
of men here in Massillon within
the year from the wounds they got
that night. Now | have a man
named Harry Jones who drove his
car in front of headquarters that
night | want you to hear"
Harry Jones took up the story.
81 think | was the cause of it all
starting just when it did. drove
up in front Of the Union home and
heard the deputies yelling some
thing about headlights. | didn't
know they meant me. had just
pulled in there innocent. Then bull
lets began flying. They shot out
my headlights. | cleared out of
the front seat. 1t was getting a
little warm. They gassed off the
bumper"
81 was in the kitchen preparing
food for the pickets," said Christ
Fischer ."They threw tear gas right
in there and choked us all. | know
| put my head out of the window
to get away from them. | was
gassed so bad it troubled me for
some time"
Mike Dracolich, a fine looking
white-h haired man was at Post ! at
the main gate that night. He said,
"Was rain. They shoot. All run.
You got to save yourself. Get up.
They start shelling again. Men lay
along the fence. One soldier cap
tain say all right men. Any man
move shoot him. Jesus Christ, |
thought they kill me. They arrest
me. Take everything. Money,
everything. ! am "A hours in Jail"
81 wish had been able to get
hold of Charlie Baker," said Mr..
Thomas. 81 give him credit for
saving my life that night. He said.
Down, Thomas and showed me
down. | don't know how ever trav-
eled that quarter mile home with a
bullet through my shoulder. | roll
ed over two, three times behind the
platform and Charlie was shot a
quarter inch from his heart. The
bullet went right through him.
They wasn't satisfied with shoot
ing us down and gassing us. There
was wholesale raids and arrests.
They broke down doors and drug
folks out of bed without a warrant.
The coal and iron police went
through the town that night. They
arrested l75 folks who hadn't done
a thing"
Afterwards many people got a
hundred to two thousand dollars
damages for injuries and false ar
rests.
Times have changed. There were
no citizens committees, no back
to-work movements during the
1949 strike. There were no threats
of industries moving away. Yet
when the industry donated stoves
and radios to the picket huts in
some places, the old timers looked
at these gifts with a wary eye.
Times have changed, but the strik-
ers recently back to work, cannot
forget that industry might have
avoided this strike altogether.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-11-24
QUITS WFTU

Vienna.-The Austrian Fedora
tion of Labor has withdrawn from
the Communist-dominated World
Federation of Trade Unions to join
the new anti-communist interna-
tional labor group to be set up at
London.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-11-24
Public Health Service Head Says SIum
Clearance Is Key To Disease Control


as the cause of much preventaDle
disease, death and crime, DR.. Leon
ard A. Scheele, Surgeon General OF
the u. S. Public Health Service,
declared here that in the next de-
cade a united effort by housing and
health authorities can "speed the
conquest of some of the nation $
most stubborn causes of death and
disability"
Recent health studies in Wash
ington, D. c., and 5 other major
cities shave found cold facts that
should cause real Indignation" DR..
Scheele told the 10th annual con-
vention of the National Associa-
tion of Public Housing officials. He
listed the 5 as Hartford, Conn.,,
birmingham, Ala, Cleveland, Den
yer and Los Angeles.
In many Of the country's blight
ed areas ''infant mortality and
death rates from communicable dis
eases are still as high as the ma
tional rates 80 years ago." Scheele
said.
Cities High Disease
Housing and health united," he
added, "can share in saving at
least 10000 lives that would other
wise be sacrificed to home acci-
dents. due to housing defects" he
added.
Summarizing findings of health
studies, the Surgeon General said:
"Here in New England, Hart
ford, Conn, found that one-fourth
of its population lived in poor
housing; the ill-housed onefourth
produced more than half of the
tuberculosis cases each year and
sent nearly 40 percent Of the city's
mentally i'll to state institutions.
an the nations capital the tub
erculosis death rate among the
people in its squalid slums was 80
percent higher than for the rest of
the population. The pneumonia
rate was more than 25 percent
higher.
Same Story in Other Cities
"In Birmingham, Ala, the rate
of communicable disease per 600
population was So percent higher
in the blighted areas than else
where in the city.
"Cleveland discovered that one
small slum area, occupied by less
than 8 percent of the population,
needed 8 percent of the city's total
public health budget for the con-
troll of disease and other services.
"In Denver, the infant death rate
in low-qualty housing districts
was more than 5 times that in the
best districts and juvenile delin-
quency was more than twice as
high.
"And on the West Coast, Los
Angeles slums bred tuberculosis
rates nearly 8 times higher than
the better districts and venereal
disease rates 13 times as high"
DR.. Scheele said, "the supreme
tragedy is that so much Of this
costly illness and death is clearly
preventable."
Halls Housing Act
In tuberculosis control, he said,
"the public health agencies have
fought a long battle. We now have
tuberculosis in full retreat. But the
ultimate victory will be retarded
by housing conditions that do no.
thing but favor the spread and per-
petuation of this age-old disease.
"Now with victory within sight,
is it any wonder we look to the
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-11-24

come might have felt the pinch
severely"
The staff which prepared the re-
port emphasized at indorses no
prescriptions" for improving the
lot of the low-income groups. That
is for the subcommittee to decide
after hearings, to open in Wash
ington Dec. IL.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1949-11-24
OBITUARIES
ALBERT Z. BADDELEY, SIR.

ALBERT Z. BADDELEY, SIR.
Sebring, Ohio-Funeral services
for Albert E. Baddeley, sr., Dc,
1921 Norman Avenue, a jiggerman
at Limoges China Co. were held
Nov. % from the Sharer Funeral
Home.
Mr.. Baddeley died Nov. 18 in
Alliance City Hospital. He was in
jured in an automobile accident.
Mr.. Baddeley had resided in AL
lance 40 years, coming here from
Wellsville where he was born. He
was a member of Goodwill Aerie
2174, Fraternal Order of Eagles
here and the Methodist Church in
Wellsville, and Local AZ Of the Ma
tional Brotherhood of Operative
Potters.
Surviving are his wife, Axle;
seven daughters, Carol and Nancy
at home, Mrs. Donna Ormiston,
Mrs. Catherine Gray and Mrs.
Minnie Kinnard, of Alliance, Mrs.
Barbara Johnson of Beloit, and
Mrs. Ruth Blake of Sebring; nine
sons, Thomas, Wade, Robert,
David and Burwell of the home,
Albert Jr., Jack, Delbert and
James of Wellsburg, w. Va, and
three grandchildren.
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12
Going away Party
Given for Rogers

Last week. Mrs, Mary Oliver
gave a going away party in honor
of Paul Rogers. who is visiting his
mother on his first furlough from
the Air Force. He " member of
st. Johns Baptist church, 26th
and Main. He is a leading bass
singer in the junior quartet at the
church.
At the party, the girls wore pink
and blue dresses and the boys
wore sports clothes, Those present
were: Misses Bernestine Hope, Es-
tella Mortal, Oetavia Kimbel, Will
lie Mae Moriel, Alice Mae Clip
son, and Paul Rogers, John Willis
Darlington, William johnson, Miles
Henderson, and Clarence Phiefer.
Bernestine Hope and John Car
rington kept the party going at a
lively pace by keeping up a flow
of clever and interesting games.
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12
Prominent Guests
Entertained In The
"Pine Room"

Dean II. L. johnson proprietor
of Hotel Charmaine entertained
some of the leading citizens of the
city last Friday night in the beau-
tiful Pine Room. The entertain
ment was given in honor of DR..
and Mrs. K. l.. Douglas, and DR..
]. +. Duff all of new Orleans
Among the city guests We're Dr.
j. B. Woods, DR.. O. B. White, Miss
Annie Wesson, David Jackson,
photographer for Ebony magazine;
and Mr.. and Mrs. L. c. Bates.
DR.. Woods and Mrs. Douglas
served together in the Army Med
ical Corps; DR.. White and DIR.
Douglas were schoolmates at Me
harry Medical college in Nash
vile.
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12
Shorterites Visit
Atlanta

Two auto-loads of distinguished
Shorterities left the city over the
week end TO visit Atlanta and to
pay their respects TO Bishop Foun-
tain. President Robert II. Alexan-
der and his wife, Dean Stanley L.
Rutland and his wife, and Busi-
ness Manager George W. Harris
and wife were among the officials
in the two parties Reverend Till
man, pastor of st Andrew A. NJ
f. Church also went, and his wife
who is studying at Atlanta uniyer-
sity. will probably return with
him.
Among other Little Roekians
and North Little RockianS study
ing at Atlanta University this
summer are Professors W. An
drew Hunter and Ella II. Hunter,
both well-known for their educa-
tional achievements and their
civic records.
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12

for il, will come as shock to
most whites Ebony states and
continues,
But the roles created by Ethel
Waters and Nina Mae Mckinney
are certain To offend Negroes,
"Pinky" is based on the story
of a Negro girl who passes and
gets involved in an interracial
romance with a white doctor,
Darby F. Zanuck has planned it
as his biggest and most costly
production of the year Running
two hours and ten minutes, the
movie will be issued in n diff
ferent languages.
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12
Met,odisis Hold
School for Workers

Beginning Monday through to-
day the Arkansas School for Chris
tan Workers and Pastors In
stitute was held at Philander
Smith college bringing together
methodists throughout Arkansas
and noted speakers and workers
throughout the country.
Subject as, What Makes the
Church,, "Colored Education in
Arkansas" Christian Steward
ship were discussed along with
classes in Youth and Evangelism,
The Child's Approach to Religion,
Religion of Nations, PASTORAL
Theology, etc.
Those participating throughout
the weeks program were Dean F.
ID. Adams, Little Rock. Dean c.
C. Neal, Pine Bluff; Rev c. A.
Kirkkkendoll, Chicago: Rev. B. j,
Boyd, Magnolia; Mrs. W. F. Bates,
Little Rock; Miss Margaret Mar
shall, Little Rock; Mrs. A. c.
Shanks. Little Rock. Rev. N. M.
Means, Fort Smith; DIR. M, w.
Clair, jr.; Dr. B. w. Doyle. Nash
vile: DIR. E. c. Rule; Hon II. 7.
Winborn; and DIR. j. w. Workman.
Mrs. l. N. Crofton and c. Neal
served as registrars.
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12

of the Argentine masses, t h G
French newspaper carried a col
umn OF pictures comparing the
simple tastes Of Rita Hayworth to
the more elaborate taste OF Mrs,
Peron.
Perugia, the famous Partisan
shoemaker, compared his W o
clients even he, was amazed at
the 243 pair of shoes that Eva
had ordered from him. IS h e
will have to live 400 years to use
them ALL said Perugia. "Evita
may be a shirtless one but she
will most certainly never be a
shoeless one"
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12
Dr.. A. J. Jackson
Granted Divorce

Texarkana-Rev. A. ]. Jackson,
Moderator of the Southwestern
District Baptist association, was
granted a divorce from his re-
cent bride of a few months.
The recent Mrs. Jackson was a
former student of Rev. Jackson
when he taught school in Louisi-
ana. After the death Of the first
wife last year, Rev, Jackson mar
ried the recent Divorce and the
marriage only lasted few
months,
When the divorce was granted
Mrs, Jackson was asked by the
Press representative for a state
ment, She stated, Il was living
happy in Louisiana and was not
thinking of ever marrying, but
Rev. Jackson convinced me to
leave all and marry him, and !
have done it to my eternal regret
She also stated, Tell all women to
never marry an old man unless
you actually know him.
DR.. Jackson stated, Il am glad 10
get rid of her
Rev. Jackson has been Nodera-
tor Of the Southwestern District
association for a number of years
and is a prominent figure in the
Consolidated convention. He is
past 30 years of age He formerly
pasiored Eleventh Street Baptist
church of this city and after serv-
ing many years, he resigned under
pressure of a law suit
He is the father of Rev. I. 5,
jackson. formerly of fordyce, who
has recently accepted pastorate
at Tuscon, Arizona.
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12
community.
NAACP to 90 About in Defense

NhhSh W bu MI Wv III DsiShsN
The NAACP announced that as
a result of investigations by its
local branches, the state conference
of branches, and Mr.. Williams,
they are convinced that the
"trumped-up rape charge the
burning of Negro property, the
open participation of the Ku Klux
Khan. and the continued intimida-
ton of Negroes in the area is "all
a part of one great plot to intimi-
date the Negroes in the eommun-
ity, to force them to work for
little or no wages, and TO stop
them from being so 'uppity,a
For these reasons" stated Mr..
Williams and NAACP Special
Counsel Thurgood Marshall. the
resources of the Association will
be thrown behind the defense of
these boys. and at the same time
we will insist upon protection of
other Negroes in the area"
John p. Ellis, president Of the
Orlando branch Of the NAACP,
and Harry 7. Moore, executive
secretary Of the Florida State Con-
ference Of NAACP branches. have
announced that a mass protest
meeting will be held in Orlando
on Sunday, August a.
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12
'Pinky' Years Most
Controversial Film

Despite fine performances by
Jeanne Grain as a Negro and Ethel
Barrymore as southern liberal,
September Ebony declares that
casting of Ethel Waters as an out
and out Dixie Nanny and Nina
Mae Mckinney as n razor-toting
hussy will make Daryl F. Fan
uek's "Pinky" the most debated
film of the year.
"Pinky's moving melodramaue
story of light-skinned Mississippi
girl Jeanne Grain who faces up
to her Negro heritage aud fights
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12

place Of the National United U.s.
hers convention in 1850 as deeid-
ed in its convention held in Bos-
ton, Mass recently,
Arkansans who attended the
meeting in Boston were Henry
Woods, junior usher of the Pine
Hill Baptist church, Pine Bluff,
who won a gold medal in scho-
larship contest; T. M. Turner, who
served on the Resolution commit
tee; and A. L. Shepherd, state
president of the Federation OF
Ushers of Arkansas, who was re-
elected asst. sergeant alarms at
the convention,
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12

The Trustees and Stewards OF
the st. Paul AME Zion church, un-
der the guidance of the pastor,
Rev. A. w. Kicks. sponsored two
presentations of King Solomon's
Wedding at the church, 18th and
Spring streets Thursday night, Ju-
ly Dist and Thursday night, July
%, respectively
King Solomon chose his bride
from among the competing queens,
by the amount of money she
brought as her dowery. This covet-
ed honor was won by Mrs. Ida
Wilbert, who reported the sum OF
$125.00. Preceding the marriage
ceremony, Miss Gloria Jackson
sang Because. Rev. Kicks pre-
formed the mock ceremony and
little Misses Edith Yvonne Davis
and 10 Ann Dryver were flower
girl and bearer of Kings scepter,
respectively. Others who appeared
on the program were Mrs. z. z.
Dryver, Rev J. w. Burroughs,
Mesdames Long and Williams. and
Rev. c. c. Walker, pastor of Con-
gregational church. At the pre-
vious program the Occasion was
delivered by the Rt Rev. r. L.
Jones, Bishop of the Eleventh Ep-
iscopal district of the AME Zion
church, who with his wife and
daughter were special honored
guests of the membership. Other
guests were Rev Aubrey Walton,
pastor of the First Methodist
church and members of his con-
gregation. They presented s47.50
to ST. Paul church. Mrs. Marie
Williams, member of St Paul pre-
scented a basket of flowers to Mrs
J. Rickett to be delivered to Mrs.
Elizabeth Steel of the First Metho-
dist church.
A reception followed the wedd-
ing.
Contestants We're. Mesdames Ida
Arkansas State press., 1949-08-12
NAACP Again Bids Congress to Convene
Special Session On Civil Rights Measure

made of congressional leaders to-
day by Roy Wilkins, acting secre-
tary of the National Association
for the Advancement Of Colored
People.
Following news dispatches in
dicating that the House of Rep
resentatives has abandoned the F
EPC bill and that there will be
no further action on civil rights
measures during this session Of
Congress. Mr.. wilkins reiterated
the NAACP request in wires 10
President Harry S. Truman, Senate
Majority Leader Scott W. Lucas
and Minority Leader Kenneth S.
Wherry. and House Majority Lead
er John w. Mccormack and Mi
nority Leader Joseph W. Martin,
Jr.
Mr.. Wilkins referred TO the pre-
vious request for a called special
session, made by delegates to the
10th Annual NAACP Conference
in Los Angeles last month, and
asserted that the most effective
way 10 test new rule twenty-five
on filibusters in the Senate is to
clear the decks and concentrate
on that issue"