davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1949-04-15

ROsallnd Pratt, 1000 Bryant
Ave. No, celebrated her sixth
birthday Wednesday, March 80,
Twelve friendS helped her In her
celebration. They were Tommy
Booker, Sonny Mcintosh, Butch"
Chatham, Adrienne Calhoun, Allen
Smith, Evelyn Chatham, Delroy
Calhoun, Raymond Smith, Elmer
ChIldress, Jr., Janet Smith and
Marilyn Pratt, sister Of Rosalind.
The children were entertained
with games and served refresh
ments. Rosalind Is the daughter
of Mrs. Vera Wright.
Evening star., 1949-02-27
By Dovid A. Stein

roughly corresponding to each
other.
Army, Air Force, National
Guard and Air National Guard
commands are identical. So,
too, are the Navy and Marine
Corps districts. The Marine
Corps has been made an inte-
grail part of the Navy. The
Coast Guard districts differ
slightly from those of the Navy.
The Sd Army and 14th Air
Force include Puerto Rico and
the 9Th Army and 4th Air Force
cover Hawaii. Formerly there
were. four air defense COM
mands and two tactical air
commands. These were con-
solidated into the continental
Air Force.
The Severn River Naval
Command cuts into District No.
5, to cover Annapolis and the
rest of Ann Arundel County.
The Potomac River Naval Com
mand has been set up to control
the Washington area.
The 14th Naval District, with
headquarters at Oahu, covers
Hawaii and the Pacific Islands.
including Midway and Wake.
The 18th Naval District has
Evening star., 1949-02-27
Armed Forces

Harvesting the land-sea air
forces of the United States into
a smooth-running team Is not
easy.
Eighteen months have passed
since paper unification of the
Army, Navy and Air Force into
a single National Military Es-
tablishment. There have been
frequent charges of interservice
pickering.
The Hoover Commission on
the Organization of the Execu-
tive Branch of the Government
has criticized continued dis
harmony and lack of unified
planning" Yet recent evidence
has pointed to a trend toward
partnership as opposed to
rivalry.
Gen. Dwight Eisenhower, here
on temporary duty in an ad-
visory capacity to Defense Sec
retary Forrestal, is reported
making progress in getting the
Joint Chiefs of Staff to work
together without discord.
Both in public statements and
in their actions, top military
Evening star., 1949-02-27

leaders have emphasized their
desire to make unification work.
Their job of knitting a powerful
defensive and offensive ma
chine is complex.
Today more than 100000
Americans are in the armed
forces. The Nations military
budget tops $l4,O00,0O0,00O
Unification is given credit for
the strategic plans outlined by
the Joint Chiefs of Staff in re-
cent months. These plans blue
print the exact mission of each
service in the event of war.
They also specify materials
needed for those missions, allo-
eating such commodities as
steel, such weapons as aircraft
and ships and covering such
problems as mobilization of in
dustrial manpower.
Another move toward CO.
ordination has been the plan
to streamline the commands Of
the armed services so that
administration and defensive
strategy would be improved.
The maps above show how
Army, Navy. Air Force and
Coast Guard commands have
divided the Nation into sections
Evening star., 1949-02-27
IS Team Up for Our Defense

headquarters at Balboa. and
includes the Panama Canal
Zone. The 18th Naval District
has headquarters at Kodiak,
covering Alaska and the Aleu-
tianS.
The 7th Coast Guard District
covers the Panama Canal Zone,
island possessions pertaining to
Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands,
and all naval reservations in
the West Indies and on the
north coast of South America,
The 14th Coast Guard District
includes Hawaii and Pacific
islands west of longitude 140
degrees w. and south of lati-
tude AZ degrees N.
Map at lower right shows
how the country has been di-
vided into eight regular and
one special defense sector by
the Air Force. In addition,
East and West air defense areas
have been set up. The sector
controlled by Albuquerque. N.
NJ, is jointly supervised by Air
Force and Air National Guard
personnel, and is considered a
special area aside from the
regular sectors.
Evening star., 1949-02-27
Germans Draft Novel Schemes in Basic LalV
By Dovid M. NichoI

. The legislature will have two
houses. One is the Volkstag. or
peoples assembly. 1t will include
400 delegates, half elected directly,
$50 more chosen from party lists
in the provinces, according to the
German system. and so more from
nation wide party lists.
! Some feel the number is too
great. DR.. Carlo Schmid, Tue
bingen University professor and
head of the Social Democratic
group, has suggested $50.
States rights champions got
in their real licks in the upper
house or Bundesrat, and at the
same time handed the military
governors one of their toughest
problems.
Originally. the new Germany
was to comprise II laender or
provinces, four each under Amer
lean and British occupation, and
three from the French territory.
The delegates voted to include the
three western sectors of Berlin as
the twelfth.
If the military governors agree,
there can be no semblance left
of cooperation with Eastern
Germany. If they don't it will
reflect heavily on allied prestige
in Berlin.
/ Vote by Units
/ In the Bundesrat each province
will have from three to six dele
gates, depending on its population.
Delegates will not be elected, but
chosen directly from the members
of the provincial governments.
They will vote as units and will
be bound to vote as the provincial
governments decide.
/ Social Democrats hoped to make
this solely an advisory body. AS
the basic law" now stands. it will
be far more, with veto powers
which can only be overriden by
Volkstag majorities greater than
the veto vote.
If thirds of the Bundesrat
vote against an Assembly meas
ure, tWo-thirds plus one of the
Volkstag must re-approve it to
pass it.
So limited is the government
power that it will include little
more than a federal chancellory,
and the postal and railroad SER
vices, publicly owned. One expert
estimated it's civil service will in
clude about 5000 persons, COM
pared with about 100000 in the
United States.
Germany's new government, by
simple law, for example. may
transfer portions of it's sover-
eighty to international agencies,
and ito preserve the peace" it may
incorporate it's territory into a
system of mutual collective secur-
ity."
No other constitution has moved
so close to genuine international
union.
The preparation for waging war
or disturbing the peaceful re-
lations of nations" is declared
fatty to be unconstitutional.
1t says: THE general rules of
international law form part of the
Federal law and establish rights
Evening star., 1949-02-27

> The Allies. with the exception
of the Soviet Union. have taker
the position from the beginning
of the occupation that the new
Germany must be decentralizec
and federal.
The plan evolved here in si1
months of deliberations and out o.
millions of words would brighter
the most embittered DiXiecrat
States rights may have taken
licking in America. They have
made up for 1t with notable vic
tory here.
The Germans would prefer 6
much stronger central govern
ment than the Allies are prepared
to permit. Before the basic law
will be approved, portions now
included, giving broad authority
to the Federal Legislature, mus
be altered.
President Is Figurehead
Germany's new federal gov
ernment will be among the weak
est in modern existence. Between
/ the powers reserved to the Allies
under the occupation statute anC
the powers to be kept by the prov
| inces or states, the federal gov
ernment will have almost nothing
! to do.
| AS it has been drafted by the
parliamentary council here, the
basic law has caused some trained
observers to wonder whether II
can work at all.
Only the French, who Woulc
like it if Germany should simply
disappear one morning. still fee.
that the new government will be
too strong. They are worried about
the division of fiscal authority
which they fear a future cabinet
might use to subdue the provinces
/ Broadly, the constitution calls
for a federal President. elected fol-
a term of five years by a federal
Assembly" which includes the
members of the lower, popular
house and an equal number OF
delegates, chosen by the individual
states.
For all practical purposes he is
a figurehead. The emergency de-
cree powers which won Hinden.
burg used effectively to wreck the
Weimar republic and install Hit
Ter, have been removed.
Head of the government is the
federal chancellor, chosen by the
lower house. He appoints the
members of his cabinet. He may
be discharged through a vote o1
nonconfdence, but here the
basic law" includes a novel fea.
ture.
German leaders have been con-
cerned by their own experience
under Weimar and by similar sit
uations in France, where one gov
ernment after another may be
toppled from Office with no agree
ment on a replacement To avoid
this. they have devised what they
term a constructive vote of cen
sure"
A new government must be &C
cepted and installed within 46
hours of a vote of nonconf1dence
or the vote Is invalid and the old
government remains In power.
Evening star., 1949-02-27
L. s. Matches
British Plan

Britain'S Labor government
has initiated in that country a
national health SerDice 1Ohich
ertendS oUer-aU medical care
in return for Deekly compul-
sorry insurance payments BY
the public. President Truman
in his State-ot- the Union mes
sage to Congress in January
proposed that a program OF
this general type be enacted
for the United States. All
signs point to considerable
controversy oDer the issue in
Congress during this session.
At request of The Sunday
Star, two British spokesmen
haze Written about the work.
ingS of the program In their
country.
Evening star., 1949-02-27

'and duties directly for all in
habitants of the federal territory. "
The Weimar constitution which
resulted from World War had a
similar provision, except that. it
referred to the generally recog-
nized rules" and gave the courts
a handy escape.
The most radical provision is
the simple statement that men
and women will have equal rights
in the new Germany. 1t has
scrapped all the marriage, inheri-
tance and property laws which
kept German women little more
than chattels for centuries.
Women Given Rights
Party leaders have agreed that
new codes to be devised to f1ll
this legal vacuum will be first
order of business. They have
allotted only about two years to
complete the job.
The most important contribu-
ton may come from the effort to
control antidemocratic activities
without infringing on individual
rights.
The section on basic rights"
has some weird and mysterious
provisions like:
The dignity of man is under
the protection of the State"
1t undertakes to establish that
a mans home is his castle, and
to fix the essential freedoms on
the pattern of the United Nations
declaration.
It bans associations which are
directed against the constitutional
order, or the concept of inter-
national understanding"
1t specifically withholds the
protection of the bill Of rights
from indiI iduals who "abuse the
freedom or opinion to fight
against the free democratic basic
order"
Deals With Communism
1t provides that a political
party may be declared unconsti-
tutional by the federal supreme
court when it's aims and objects
are found to be opposed to the
concept of democracy. How well
this will succeed in stamping out
or limiting subversive activity
must wait the test of time and
experience.
So far no ban has been invoked
in Western Germany. Two open
Communist leaders are among
the IS delegates who have drafted
the "basic law their contribution
has been almost entirely negative.
Their main purpose seems to have
been to stall and make propa-
ganda.
There have been sharp ex-
changes between Heinz Renner of
Essen, a member of the principal
drafting committee, and its chair
man, Prof. Schmid.
Max Reimann, the second OF
the delegates and chairman of the
Communist Party in Western
Germany, was arrested and SEN
fenced to three months in jail by
British military court for his
savage criticism of the Ruhr
statute. He was released in two
weeks to resume his post here.
(chicago Daily News Foreisn serviee)
Evening star., 1949-02-27

BONN, Germany.-Sixty five
delegates, five observer" from
Berlin and as many experts anc
visitors as could crowd into the
auditorium of the Teachers 1nsti'
tute here assembled last Septem'
Der l with a historic and in.
credibly difficult mission.
Their job was to devise some.
thing at least similar to a consti.
tuition for Western Germany, some.
thing on which a workable govern
ment could be based, and above
all, which would be acceptable tt
the Germans, to the Western
Allies, and to the other peoples o1
Europe.
These men had not seized power
by revolution, as has been the case
with every other modern consti-
tuition, including the American
There was little of the fire, the
eagerness, and the high idealisn
which marks these social cata-
clySms.
Nor had they full responsibility
Military government by the Allies
had been relaxed but not aban-
doned. The German delegates ir
Bonn could exercise only fractions
of power. Sovereignty, it is gen.
orally understood, remains with
the occupying forces.
They have been hedged anc
hampered by innumerable Ifs.
Nobody, least of all the Germans
really wanted this organization tt
begin with. Western Germany
and three-power control is poor
substitute for a united country
and genuine four power co-opera-
ton.
At the London conferences be-
tween the Americans, British and
French last year, it was discovered
that the Western Allies themselves
have no real agreement on what
the future Germany should be.
Some of these differences were
resolved by patient compromise
Some of them simply were post
poned, as a man will put off an
unpleasant telephone call.
The Allies retained control OF
German foreign affairs, the right
to interfere in it's economy and
sufficient authority to insure that
Germany cannot build an army
or do anything about equipping it
New Germany Taking Form
These limitations were to be
specified in So-called "occupa-
ton statute" an arbitrary substi-
tute for the peace it seems i'm
possible to achieve. The Allies
still are haggling about its details
The Germans have had to pro-
ceed without knowing its terms
Among the Germans there is
feeling, sometimes spoken, more
often implied, that what they are
doing isn't permanent and must
all be done again at some future
time. The constitution isn't called
constitution, for example. Its
official title is a basic law
There are some hurdles and
some frightening water jumps
still ahead. But the form and sub
stance of the new Germany is
becoming clearer for the first time
in the four years since the end
Of the war.
Evening star., 1949-02-27

(See STEWART, Page CD
Evening star., 1949-02-27
Great Social Change Has
Few Teething Troubles
Bulk of Doctors and Dentists Cooperate
to Serve IS Per Cent of People
With Free Medical Care
By Margaret Stewart
industrial Correspondent of The London News Chronicle
Specie 10 The Sunday St1r

LONDONNeay 30 his preface to The Doctors
Dilemma Bernard Shaw Until the medical profession be-
body trained paid by the keep the
health will what it
exploit popular credulity human suffering"
This calculated exaggeration all Of the
Evening star., 1949-02-27
Against
Doctors ObjecttoLowPay
And OverwOrk It Causes
Against
Trivial Complaints Clog the Clinics and
Congested Surgeries Cause Delays
for Bonafde Cases
BY Reginald Hale White, M. D.
Vice choimon Of the Fellowship
Special 10 The Sunday

LONDONThe Fellowship for Freedom Medicine founded
alarming decline quality docorng Isles
the National Health Act 1948
freedom professional
medical Of this country It concerned aeguad
Evening star., 1949-05-03
Washington Man
To Wed in Maine

MIR. and Mrs. Olan B. Barton
of Lincoln, Me-, announce the en-
gagement of their daughter,
Nadia, to Mr.. Guy Whitman Lead
better, son Of Mrs. Guy Whitman
Leadbetter and the late DR.. Lead
better Of this city.
Miss Barton will be graduated
In June from the University of
Boston. Mr.. Leadbetter was
graduated from Saint Adams
School and now is senior at
Bowdoin College in Brunswick.
Me. He will enter Johns Hopkins
University Medical School in the
fall.
The wedding will take place
June Is in Lincoln.
Evening star., 1949-05-03
Emily. Post

A rather unusual family sa.aa-
ton Is described as follows: y
live with my widowed brother. The
arTangement Is practical-I have
q good home and take care Of him
and act as his hostess. He Is ar
important businessman and every
one knows I am his sister. Yet
when we are both invited 70 the
same parties. by written invita-
tons, the envelope is either ad-
dressed to him with q notation on,
the invitation and sister" or our
names are written Mr.. John Jones
and underneath. Miss Mary Jones,
I'd like your opinion. Am ] un-
duly sensitive In believing that !
should receive a separate invita-
tion?"
According TO long g-accepted
standards. you are right. but what
you may do In your particular
situation is difticult to advise. !
might. however. suggest that you
make separate replies TO third-per-
son invitations-one accepting or
regretting for Mr.. John Jones and
the other also accepting or re-
GREETING for Miss Mary Jones, On
the other hand. the informal ones
which read. Dear Jim. win you
and your sister dine with me.
etc" are quite proper-especially
If you are much younger than
your brother.
How Near Is Bus?
Dear Mrs. Post: Win you ex-
press your opinion on the follow
ing school problem: II a bus Is
being provided for transportation
to and from O high school class
party. shouldn't all so in this bus
and not some by themselves In
private cars?
Answer: II the bus stops near
their homes, they would natur-
ally all go together In the bus.
Evening star., 1949-05-03

Several homes OF exceptional
interest will be included in the
tour on Saturday and Sunday of
historic houses in Alexandria.
Twenty homes. the old apothecary
shop and an exhibit of antiques
are listed. the nearest home to
Washington being Windsor. the
residence on Arlington Ridge road
of Mrs. Philip P. Campbell. wife
of the late Representative Camp
bell Of Kansas. Built by the Gus
tis family, it is pure Colonial and
contains among its lovely fur
nishings two Gilbert Stuart por-
traits. one Of George Washington
and one Of Mrs. Washington. 1t
is one of the homes that has not
previously been open to the pub
lie.
Another Is the house at 301
South st. Asaph street in Alex
andria now owned and occupied
by Mr.. and Mrs. Nathan Wallack.
A winding staircase and an excep-
tionally beautiful front door are
outstanding features Of this three
story structure that was built
early In the 10Th century by Mr..
Evening star., 1949-05-03
Engagements
Made Known

MIR. and Mrs. Horace B. Cooke
of Storisende. Seminary Hill, AL
exandria, announce the engage
ment of their daughter Susan
Newbold to MIR. Henry Voltaire
Trahan. jr.. son of Mr.. Trahan Of
San Antonio. Tex. and Mrs. Gus
tave Ehrman Of Denver. Colo.
Miss Cooke went to st. Agnes
School in Alexandria and Holton-
Arms Junior College and is at
present a student at Goucher Col
lege. She is the granddaughter
of Mrs. William Irvine Parry Of
Philadelphia and Sewickley, Pa,
and the late Mr.. Parry.
Mr.. Trahan attended Peacock
Military Academy and the Colo
RADIO School of Mines.
Deeker-Pierce
The engagement of Miss Helen
Fredericka Decker, daughter Of
Mrs. Arthur j. Decker and the
late Mr. Decker, to 1t. Col. Bruce
Pierce, y. S. A., has been. an
nounced. The wedding will take
place at the Metropolitan Method
ist Church on Saturday. June Is.
Miss Decker is a native WASH
ingtonian and a graduate Of VIII
son Teachers College. She has
been a member of the District of
Columbia Educational staff since
leaving Wilson.
Col. Pierce, who is the son of
Mr.. James II. Pierce of Three Riv-
ers, Calf, and the late Mrs. Pierce,
is a graduate of Stanford Univer-
sity. He now is on duty In the
Office of the chief of ordnance.
Evening star., 1949-05-03
Society News
Overseas OfficioIs Are Entertained
At Several Parties Given in Embassies

Mrs. @. c. s. Corea, the Syrian
Minister and Mime. El-Khouri and
the British Minister and Lady
Hoyer- -Millar.
The Acting Secretary Of the
Army and Mrs. Gordon Gray were
there. The Chief Of Naval Oper-
ations and Mrs. Louis H. Denfleld
and Gen. and Mrs. Hoyt Vanden-
berg were among the top-ranking
officers attending the fete for the
visiting military mission.
The Australian Embassy was
the scene of an earlier party to
which only ladies were invited.
Mrs. Norman j. o. Maxim, wife
Of the Ambassador. gave a tea
for Mrs. Herbert v. Evatt, wife
of the Australian Minister for
External Affairs who is chairman
of the United Nations Assembly.
Mrs. Evatt came down to Wash
ington with Mrs. Maxim to spend
a few days at the Embassy while
both the Ambassador and Min
lister Evatt were busy with affairs
of the U. N. at Lake Success.
Lady Franks was the ranking
guest at the tea and others from
the Dominions included Mrs.
Harry T. Andrews, Mrs. Corea.
Mrs. 1spahani and Mrs. Sen. who
made a brief call before her own
later party.
Mrs. Dean Acheson. with the
wives of other members of the
United States Cabinet, was there
dis were the wives of the Chief
Justice Of the United States and
the Associate Justices. Mrs.
James E. Webb, Mrs. Edward A.
Foley and Mrs. Oscar L. Chap
man represented the Little Cabi-
net group and others invited were
prominent resident hostesses in
cluding Mrs. Cordell Hull. Mrs.
Magill James, Mrs. Duncan Phil
lips, Mrs. Robert Woods Bliss,
Mrs. Francis Biddle, Mrs. Nelson
johnson. Mrs. Edmund Purves
and Mrs. Lisle A. Smith.
A visiting American official, the
Governor of Alaska, Mr.. Ernest
Greuning, was entertained at
luncheon today by the Haitian
Ambassador. Mr.. Joseph D.
Charles. Other guests at the
party were the Guatemalan Am
bassador, Dr.. Don Ismael Con-
zalez-Arevalo. Senator Howard
McGrath, the Undersecretary of
Interior, Mr.. Oscar L. Chapman;
the Mexican Ambassador to the
Organization Of American States,
DR.. Luis Quintanilla; Mr.. Melvin
D. Hildreth and from Haiti, DR..
Clovis Kernasar and DR.. Wilford
Beauvoir.