davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-10-18
Women Hail Mamma
OF Mrs. Matthew'S 10
District Court Bench
Kirkland, Mclaughlin
Also Nominated for
Judeeships Here

The surprise nomination of Mrs
Burnita Shelton Matthews, Wash
ington attorney. to become the
Nations first woman Federal Dis
trict judge was hailed here today
as a victory for the women of the
Nation.
For it was the backing of wom-
ems organizations, united under
a single banner for the first time
that gave the nod to Mrs. Mat
theWs when President Truman
selected three nominees yesterday
for the District bench.
This was the contention, al
least, of Mrs. Ann Dodge Goodbee
who, as Mrs. Matthews strongest
advocate, probably did more than
any one else to swing the women's
organizations into line.
Mr.. Truman also nominated
James r. Kirkland, 46, a Wash
ington attorney for 81 years, and
Charles F. Mclaughlin, 81, former
member of Congress from Nebras-
ka, for the other two posts. Mr.
Kirkland rates himself the only
Republican chosen by Mr.. Truman
in the selection of 26 new District
and Appeals Court judges through
out the country.
The Senate Judiciary Commit
tee has decided to postpone con-
sideration of all the President S
nominations until January 3. The
chance that some of them might
be tied up in controversy prompt
ed the decision not to act during
this waning session.
A bill authorizing three addi-
tional judges in Municipal Court
here was sent to Mr.. Truman by
the Senate yesterday. 1t would
permit lawyers living in Alexan-
dria and four counties surround
ing the District to serve. provided
they have practiced law here for
the last five years.
Exclaiming over her friend.
good fortune, Mrs. Goodbee said
Always before, when the womer
Of America have demanded repre-.
sentation on Federal benches, they
(See JUDGES, Page A-4.D
Evening star., 1949-10-18
By J. A. O'Leory

Hope for agreement on new
farm bill was revived today when
House and Senate conferees met
again after all chance for a COM
promise appeared to have van
ished last night.
The new meeting was called at
1920 o'clock this morning by
Chairman Thomas, Democrat, of
Oklahoma, even though the Sem
ate conferees had voted last night
to report to the Senate their in
ability to settle the issue, Sem
ator Thomas said the Senate
members were tired last night
after IL hours of negotiation
when they voted to disagree.
Although the Oklahoma Demo-
crat still thought a settlement pos
sible between the rigid go per cent
price support program favored by
the House and the Senate IS to 80
|per cent sliding scale plan, some
other Senators were still pes
Simistic.
Congressional leaders continued
to drive for adjournment tomor-
row or Thursday. with the farm
bill the only major problem un-
settled. If all efforts for a new
farm bill fail, the Aiken flexible
parity law passed by the Repub-
lican 80th Congress will take effect
in January. This alternative is
expected to keep Democratic lead
ers working for an agreement as
long as possible.
When it became apparent last
night that the conferees were not
getting together, the seven Sen
ate managers voted, S to 2. to
report back to the Senate their
! inability to agree. If the House
members had done the same it
would have been the end of nego-
tiations until both houses had
acted to reappoint negotiators.
The House conferees refused,
however. to vote a formal dis
agreement.
Adjournment without breaking
Evening star., 1949-10-18
British Carrier,
|Co||ier Collide;
21Feared Dead
Only ; of Freighter's
Crew of "a Rescued
After Crash in Gale
BY the Associated Press

BERWICK, England, Oct. 18.-
The British aircraft carrier Albion
and small coal freighter collided
in gale in the North Sea today.
The freighter sank swiftly and
eight hours later only 3 of the
"a creWmen aboard were known
to have survived.
Lifeboats fought the foaming
waves hunting survivors near the
Farne Islands off the northeast
coast of England.
The newly built 18,3O0-ton Al
bion was manned by a civilian
crew and was in tow to drydock
for completion. The collision
rammed hole in the carrier and
she was reported taking water.
3 Survivors Aboard Carrier.
The Albion had aboard three
survivors from the freighter, the
2.025-ton Maystone, carrying coal
to London. A spokesman for the
owners of the Maystone said life
boat crews still at sea had some
hopes of picking up other sur
vivorS.
Lifeboats searched the area for
nine hours. however. without find
ing any trace of either survivors
or victims bodies.
The Albion continued on her
way. but naval spokesman said
she was having tremendous diff
ficulties with the heavy seas and
high winds.
Occurred 8 Miles OF Coast.
The collision occurred 8 miles
off England's northeast coast,
near the Anglo-Scottish border
port of Berwick. Lifeboats from
the Berwick coast guard station
put out into rain and wind tossed
waves to hunt for survivors.
The Albion was on her way from
shipyard at Jarrow to a drydock
at Rosyth. Scotland, for construc-
ton work before being turned over
to the Royal Navy.
The Maystone was owned by
Thomas Stone, Ltd, of Swansea,
Wales.
Launched by Mrs. AttIee in 1947.
The Albion, light fleet carrier.
was launched by the wife of Prime
Minister Attlee in May. 1947. from
shipyard at Wallsend. It is one
of four vessels of the Hermes class.
James Fighting Ships says the
Albion is 1876 feet long. has a 90
foot beam and will carry so or
more aircraft.
Since the carrier was launched
she has been lying in a berth off
Jarrow. on the River Tyne. Little
more work had been done on her
until about two months ago, large
ly due to the nations economic
crisis.
Last August it was announced
the work of fitting out the vessel
would be resumed.
Evening star., 1949-10-18
Retroactive Pay Checks
Await D. {. Workers TODAY

District government workers
started getting their long-waited
retroactive pay checks this after
noon, according to j. j. Krohr,
disbursing officer.
Mr.. Krohr said arrangements
were made with the Treasury
Department to have the necessary
fund request honored beginning
at noon today.
The $4,000 checks, which rep
resent the retroactive part of the
$3.50 pay raise granted District
workers. effective a year ago last
July and average about $3.50 after
deductions for retirement and
Axes, have been ready for weeks.
Evening star., 1949-10-18
1000
Deudin Floods
InGuutemuIu
By the Associated Press

GUATEMALA CITY, Guate-
mala, Oct. 18.-Raging floods in
Guatemala's interior have taken
heavy toll of life after two days
of torrential rains. Reports of the
number of dead have ranged as
high as 1000
Government officials reported
today there were III dead counted
thus far. but many villages are
said to be marooned and the toll
may be much higher.
Last night the Foreign Office
told the State Department it
feared that there were 1000 dead
and at least 10000 homeless.
Damage and casualties were con-
fined to the interior.
Many tourists, including some
Americans, are reported ma
rooned. The United States EN-
bassy, at the request of Guate-
mala's government, has asked
Washington to send an amphibian
plane here to aid in flood relief
work.
The area most heavily hit by
the floods is near Lake Atitlan.
Some American tourists have been
there for more than a week,
trapped because roads have been
impossible They may have to
be taken out by plane.
The tourists are at the village
of Panajachel, with which there
have been no direct communica-
tions for days. It is feared their
supplies are nearly exhausted.
The government planned to par
achute food and medicines to the
village and to other marooned
towns.
Among the tourists at Panaja-
chel is Miss Edna Duge, Latin
American director of the Insti-
tute for Internationa4 Education
of New York. 81
Evening star., 1949-10-18
u. n. Balkan Group
Announces Failure
To Find Peace Basis
RomuIo Doubts Value Of
Further Pucifieution
Efforts at This Time
By the Associated Press

LAKE SUCCESS. Oct. 1S.-The
United Nations Assembly's Balkan
Peace Committee announced to-
day that it had failed to find any
basis for settling the Greek
Balkan conflict.
The four man committee ac-
knoWledged its failure to the Gen.
eral Assembly's 59-nation Political
Committee. Assembly President
Carlos P. Romulo, who headed the
peace group. said in a letter that
the committee had authorized
him to report failure.
Gen. Romulo made it clear he
did not believe further efforts
would &a worthwhile at this time.
Willing to Resume Efforts.
Gen. Romulo said, however, thai
the committee would be willing tt
resume its efforts at any time dur
ing the present Assembly session
whenever the parties concerned
consider this to be desirable"
The conciliation group consisted
of the following members. in addi-
ton to Gen. Romulo: Lester B
Pearson of Canada, Selim Sarpe1
Of Turkey and u. N. Secretary
General Trygve Lie. Gen. Romu-
los letter was read by Mr.. Pearson
who is chairman of the Political
Committee.
Mr.. Pearson said the peace
group would make a more de-
tailed report within two or three
days.
Polish Proposal Beaten.
Polish Delegate Juliusz Katz-
Suchy demanded that the Polit-
ical Committee begin debate on
Russia's so-called peace proposals
while awaiting further details on
the Balkan conciliation efforts
The Polish proposal. however, was
defeated, 80 to s, with eight alb
StentionS.
The committee then approved a
French proposal that it recess
until Friday, when it will get a
report from its 21-nation SUBJ
committee on the future of Italy's
preWar colonies. It will take ur
the Greek Balkan question after
finishing the Italian colonies
problem.
Evening star., 1949-10-18
WoIgren Named to OIds' Post; !;
Mead Is Appointed to F7C
Friend Of Truman, Rejected as Resources Board
Chormon, Nominated to Power Commission

tional Security Resources Board
early this year but the Senate
Armed Services Committee tabled
the nomination by 7 to 6 vote
when Senator Byrd, Democrat of
Virginia, joined the six Repub-
licans of the committee in voting
against the nominee.
Mr.. Wallgren was nominated
today to succeed Leland S. Olds
whose nomination for third term
on the FPC was rejected by the
Senate in another major rebuff
to Mr.. Truman.
The President also nominated
James M. Mead, q former Demo-
cratic Senator from New York, to
be member OF the Federal Trade
ICon yYyAYY 1nG7AY r.-aA e
Evening star., 1949-10-18
Budget Hearing
Gets Plea for
D. {. Austerity
Citizens Federation
And Board of Trade
Urqe Bare Minimum

Representatives of the Fedora.
ton of Citizens Associations and
the Washington Board of Trade
today urged the Commissioners to
hold operating expenses for the
District and the tax burden on its
citizens to the barest minimum
in the fiscal year 1851.
John H. Connaughton, presi-
dent of the Federation, and John
A. Reilly. chairman of the trade
boards Municipal Finance Com
mittee, were the first of some SO
persons scheduled to speak on
next years budget at a public
hearing in the District Building.
District department heads have
asked a total of S138,984 400 for
operation during the year Begin
ming next July /, including $33,-
407.7o1 for new construction and
other capital outlay.
1,768 New Jobs Protested.
Both Mr.. Connaughton and Mr..
Reilly expressed concern over re-
quests for 1,768 new jobs for fiscal
1851 at a cost of S4,895 1888.
Mr.. Reilly reminded the city
heads that District employees to-
tailed 1888 in 1910 and the total
had grown so that the addition Of
1,768 more people to the payroll
would bring the total to nearly
$1,000.
Mr.. Reilly pointed out the Dis
trict population now is lower than
a 1945 estimate and that studies
by the Board of Trade and other
agencies forecast a very slowly
growing population" in the Dis
trict during the years ahead.
"It would therefore appear to
be unnecessary to continually ex-
pand municipal services and to
further increase the number of
employees of the District of CO.
lumbia government" he declared.
/ Conduct of Revenue Uncertain.
! Mr.. Connaughton and Mr..
Reilly pointed out to the Com
! missioners that citizens at
tending the annual budget hear
ing were under a handicap since
they do not know the amount Of
revenue which will be available to
meet the needs of the District.
Mr.. Reilly reiterated a state
ment made three years ago by
Maj. Gen. David McCoach, jr..
then chairman of the Municipal
Finance Committee, recommend
ing that future public hearings
on the budget be held after esti-
mates of available revenue, re-
views by the department heads
and statements of proposed in
creased or new taxes.
Mr.. Reilly quoted the following
from Gen. McCoach's statement:
Except in a few cases, depart-
mental estimates are of no assist
ance in efforts to arrive at any
conclusion as to real requirements.
They constitute only list of pro-
posed expenditures, with no con-
sideration whatever to the other
half of a good plan, namely, the
means of paying.
1--WE do not have the benefits
of the Commissioners views as
! to the requirements, yet we know
from past experience that their
ultimate recommendations will in
clude only fraction of this huge
amount requested by department
heads. I believe that the
practice of publishing these great
Evening star., 1949-10-18
United Nations
Booklets on Sole
In Stur Lobby

This is United Nations Week
in the District and as a means
of furthering the ideals and
objectives of the U. N. The Star
is making available at cost
an attractive illustrated book
let. It outlines the purposes
and functions of the U. N. and
its specialized agencies.
Copies of the booklet are
now on sale for Is cents each
at the business counter in The
Star lobby.
Evening star., 1949-10-18
Observation-Disclosures
Fa|sifies Data to Disparage B-36>
Symington ellis UnificationProbe
Declares Attacks
On Air Force Aid
Potential Enemy
By Chris Mothisen

Air Secretary Symington
charged today that Navy critics
of the Air Force are circulating a
new anonymous document in an
effort to discredit strategic bomb
ing and disparage the B-36, the
air arms Six-engine intercontin-
entail bomber.
Mr.. Symington stoutly de-
Tended the big bomber as he ap-
peared before the House Armed
Services Committee in an effort
to refute Navy contentious that
the B-36 and the concept of stra-
tegic bombing are being over
emphasized in defense planning.
He declared the attacks on the
B-36 were merely the latest
manifestation of continuing cf-
fort to restrict the development
OF air power.
The new anonymous document,
ne said. misconstrues or badly
falsifies the findings of the United
States Strategic Bombing Survey.
This paper. entitled The Strate-
gic Bombing Myth" has been used
lin at least one instance as the
basis for indoctrination of Naval
Reserve unit on the effectiveness
of strategic bombing in World War
H." Mr.. Symington reported.
Sees Security Imperiled.
He declared that attacks on the
Air Force "imperil the Security of
the United States" by giving pos
sible aggressor nations technical
and operating details of our new
est and latest equipment" and "a
further advantage in developing
their strategic plan by telling them
SO much about our own"
Mr.. Symington and Gen. Hoyt
S. Vandenberg, Air Force Chief of
Staff. got their rebuttal chance
after nearly two weeks of Navy
testimony in the public inquiry
ilso interservice differences over
Cefense strategy. A succession of
admirals had charged that the
Air Force has been trying to
ripple naval aviation by joining
18th the Army against the sea
c-vice in high defense councils.
The Navy has complained that
esent policy puts too much
ess on the B-36 and cuts down
! the Navy.
Admiral after admiral has taken
-2e stand to belittle the possibili-
.-2s of the bomber. Their general
contention has been that the big
,,lane could not get through an
cnemy's defenses and would ac-
complish little if it did.
BEST Long Range Bomber"
MIR. Symington said the B-36
, i'll is "the best long grange bomber
.nown."
He added:
The ability to fight from our
m shores at the start of any war
!, lould not be looked on with con-
tempt"
MIR. Symington said the new
anonymous document is far more
dangerous than the first, because
it attacks methods. principles, and
objectiyes on which the country
must rely in the event of war.
The first anonymous document
which has figured in the Navy
Air Force row was circulated on
Capitol Hill last summer. It sug-
gested that the B-36 procurement
program was surrounded by irreg-
,ularities and instances of political
pull.
- It touched off an Investigation
by the House committee. Finally,
Cedric Worth. then Navy De-
(See NAVY, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1949-10-18
Liner Coronio Driven
Into Quoy Wall by Gale
By the Associated Press

LONDON, Oct. ia 50-mile-
an-hour wind drove the Cunard
White Star liner Caronia into a
quay wall at Southampton today
with great crash. She was dock
ing after a stormy Atlantic cross
ing from New York.
Two plates, 20 feet above the
water line, we're dented in the
crash. Concrete was knocked
from the quay wall.
Passengers said they felt only
a slight bump.
Evening star., 1949-10-18
Farm Bill Conferees
Reach Agreement on
Compromise Plan
Remove Last Obstacle
To Adjournment of
Congress This Week
BULLETIN
BULLETIN

House and Senate conferees
agreed on a farm bill this after
noon, removing the last obstacle
to adjournment of Congress this
week. 1t is a compromise be-
tween the House rigid 80 per
cent level of parity payments
and a flexible scale as advo-
Gated by the Senate, to be put
into effect more gradually be-
tween now and 1854.
Evening star., 1949-10-18
BULLETIN

The Senate Commerce Com
mittee today approved unani-
mously President Truman's
nominations of Mon. c. Wall
gren for the Power Commission
and James Mead for the Trade
Commission.
By Joseph A. Fox
President Truman made an
other effort to get his old friend
Mon c. Wallgren. back in Govern
ment service today when he nomi-
mated him for the Federal Power
Commission.
Mr.. Wallgren. a former Senator
and later governor Of Washing
ton, was named to head the Ma
Evening star., 1949-10-18

tSee FARM, Page A-2D
Evening star., 1949-10-18

tSee D. C. BUDGET. Page A-4)
Evening star., 1949-10-18

(See NAVY, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1949-10-18

(See FRANCE, Page A-40
Evening star., 1949-10-18

(See WALLGREN, Page sA-6.
Evening star., 1949-10-18

(See JUDGES, Page A-4D
Evening star., 1949-10-18
Guide for Rea ders

G 5sn s Ra Final sn nG4's @ CENTS
Arkansas State press., 1949-07-01
Life Al 4 Glance
Continued from page four

interest in them also. They watching them with view
to trying figure what influence iobess voters might
their political futures back at home.
or course the who really disturbed these
breadwinners who beginning miss the paymases
out on Friday eyenngster anxiety is increasing the
days The older of these breadwnners well
terrible days of the early thrtes and there plenty
fresh from combat service overseas who juniors back
those dark hrties-they too remember when MON had
ration them at the dinner table Pop was missing the
"paymasers'" generosity
If its really true heading economic clash or
recession call what may the top hats around
OF Congress might take leaf from the 1882 files of the late
FD and set up some sort of streamned Works Progress Ad
mnistraon The Old Guard and the Status Quos will nat
uray scream blue murder but President Truman could avoid
any epusVe jers leveed at him by advisors
copying the New Deal by calling his WPA the FDPA (Fa
Deal Progress ADMINISTRATOR Its far for the Govern
ent to step in and start creating projects check tho
slowing off Of work than hand out full scale relief vh
waiting Tor the big shots of industry study wherefore
ana why's Then too the unemployed may in the MOOD
to sell any apples the they back in the dark
thirties.
Arkansas State press., 1949-07-01
What Price Prejudice
BY Robert P Patterson, Former Secretary OF War

+.
All sane people would the senselessnes Of preuaice
against redhead Prejudice account OF race or ele'o
even more senseless. I nj
Why Do We Find 1t Then? A.
views and limited contacts when hey sec bNea ri more ar
they do like the part of an ndvsual fros'Hno ~
gious racial group Jump to the opinion that sue pA iof
typical entire group That opinion is contrary to ee
fc proof contrary to experience contrary the rule OF
fair play 1t nothing but ignorance But 1t does plenty
Of damage
Partly because of failure all have known people who
have wanted go places but have failed to make progress
It easier for frustrated put the blame on some
minority group than is to face the truth Of his personal
shortcomings 1t not long that the Nazs decided TO
blame the for Gemanys defeat in World War conceal
ing undenabe fact that the Jews made up less than one
percent of the population of Germany conceang also the n
deniabe the Jews had made good record in the Ger
army The Nazis had to have scape-goat.
forget that prejudice praciced against any
citizens will spread prejudice against the rest OF u.s.
like bag of sand If there is hole anywhere
in the bag all the sand will out If group of peo
denied their rights later all groups stand to
lose their rights. All the freedom will run out
Labor knows the urgent importance of teamwork Team
growth of dictatorship well that dcators will stamp out
freedom every Labor for the must always be
in the forefront of the fight against bgo because bigoty
too will stamp freedom.
Labor has always held fast to freedom 1t has resisted the
work does that everyone the team must be alike
different in abilities and temperament But good teamwork
does require that there be of the friction the MEM
bers that intolerance racial religious lines always stir up
The fact that if is win afford racial
or religious prejudice
We America have the everlasting truth of the Declara
ton of Independence that all created free and equal
We have the teaching religious faiths Catholic Pro-
tesant and jewish that all brothers. These v
ing principles that have call They
call behavior too They demands that cannot
evade dodge When honor them faithfully the day of
prejudice grounds of religion will be forever,
and our country will truly be land of brotherhood from
to shining sea-