davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-12-11
That All-Important Mulching
Three Purposes Involved as Gardens
Go to Bed for the Winter Season
By W. H. Younemon
Corden Editor

In putting a garden to bed for
The winter one might think the
main objective is to protect
the plants from the cold. But
cold Is only one of many factors
which may effect the plants
chances of survival.
Rose growers. long ago. learned
that plants weakened by black
spot were much more likely to
succumb to winter weather than
healthy plants.
Similarly, many boxwood grow
ers have learned that summer
feeding produces wood which does
not mature before cold weather
and hence. is susceptible to win
ter damage. New growth on roses
resulting from late summer feed
ing is likely to be killed by freez-
ing.
In the Washington area tight
clay soils pose an especial prob
lem because of poor drainage.
Many otherwise hardy varieties
OF chrysanthemums are lost from
this cause. Excessive dampness
around the crown in the summer
induces diseases which weaken
plants so that they pass away
during the winter.
Plants Get Set for Cold.
Most Washingtonians brag
about our fall weather. Too often
these mild falls, favorable to plant
growth, are terminated by a sharp
freeze. A period Of GOODNESS, yes,
even dryness, in which the plants
might mature" before a freeze
should enable them to survive
the cold without injury. That is
why the experienced gardener re-
frains from late feeding and un-
necessary watering.
Warm weather during the win
ter, and we do have those sunny,
warm days, may start plants into
active growth and the freezes that
follow are almost certain to in
jure them. English ivy is par
ticularly susceptible. Freezing and
thawing "heaves" plants. thus
breaking their roots.
Not all of these types OF in
fury may be prevented when put
ting the garden to bed. But re-
member, any practice that will
help rather than hinder plants
to go into a normal dormancy
before cold weather arrives re-
duces winter losses.
Three Types of Protection.
Winter protection as cold ar
rives may be divided into three
phases: /. Mulching to keep the
ground from freezing. 2. Mulch
ing to keep the ground frozen,
and 8. Protection from sun and
wind. All are important, but each
has its special use.
/. Mulching to keep the ground
from freezing is normally en-
ployed where we have evergreens
that are not too well established.
BY keeping the ground well sup
piled with water and using a deep
mulch to prevent its freezing we
often can avoid loss of foliage.
Such a mulch may permit late
planted bulbs to make up for lost
time. Similarly. we often use a
mulch around pansies and other
hardy ANIMALS to keen them in
active growth until well estab-
lished. However, such mulches
may encourage mice to nest in
the garden. a danger to edible
plants and bulbs. ,
2. Mulching to keep the ground
frozen is a common practice in
the Washington area. AS the
ground stays frozen, plants stay
dormant. Many materials may be
used in the rose garden, peren-
NAL border, and where bulbs are
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Livestock
Notes
By Don Henderson

LII SEelllS tildG ulOlC dllo AAO1
polled Herefords are feeding on
Eastern farms. Mr.. and Mrs. B.
S. Olds of Oak Ridge Stock Farm,
Kingsville, Md, paid $4,000 for
ALF Beau Rollo 74th at the ma
tional polled Hereford sale last
month at Memphis, Tenn.
At the A. G. Rolfe Hereford sale,
held this fall at his Spring Valley
farm at Poolesville, Md, % buyers
were from Eastern farms. Incl
dentally. the Rolfe sale was one
of the few this year to top last
years sales averages.
Apparently Henry w. Boyd,
owner of Oliveboy Farm near
Berryville, Va. was right when
he said:
"The day is not far of when
cattle with horns will be in the
minority"
B. A. Rucker. jr., whose family
breeds good Angus cattle on their
place near Delaplane, Va. has
placed his national grand cham
pion Angus bull, Glencarnock
Eric Of Cremonia. with E. A. VIE
bolt. jr., manager of Cove Creek
farm at Covesville. Va.
Pictures of this old champion
perhaps have been used In more
breed magazines than of any other
bull. He has the great depth OF
body so essential to all good meat
animals.
Capt. and Mrs. j. D. S. Coleman
of Archwood farm, The Plains,
Va. have purchased the entire
shorthorn herd from Judge K. c.
Whittle Of Martinsville. Sni-A-
Bar, the grand old herd sire,
should produce calves that will
add to shorthorn values in this
section.
Dave Canning, fieldman-secre-
tary of the Virginia Aberdeen
Angus Breeders Association. al
ready has announced dates for
the 1850 purebred sales. One OF
the first will be the Staunton Dis
trict Sale May /.
Dave has listed some interesting
notes on the first Atlantic Aber-
deen-Angus Association sale last
month at Timonium. Md. The
sale averaged $1,180. with the
top. an animal from Georgia.
going for $4,000 to Timber Grove
Farms, Owings Mill. Md. Mr.. and
Mrs. Milton r. Westcott of Elysian
Farm, Haymarket, Va. bought
the next highest animal for $3,-
800.
Dave turned the $500 ne COL
lected for managing the sale back
to the association.
One of the thoroughbred brood
mares owned by the late Crispin
Oglebay. who kept most of his
horses in Albemarle County, has
come back to Virginia. At a
recent dispersal sale, j. S. Phipps
of The Plains, paid $61 900 for the
mare, Uvira II. Irish Oaks winner
and dam of Noble Impulse. A. B.
Hanckck, jr.. who acted as Mr..
Phipps' agent, paid $4,000 for the
mare, Level Best. by Equipoise out
of Speed Boat by Man O. War.
These two mares topped the sale.
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Hotter Farm Plan
Proves Benefits of
Contour Operations

Like so many farmers who have
changed to modern" methods OF
agriculture, Edward Hotter, Fred
erick County farmer and master
Of the Maryland Grange. has
learned the benefits Of soil con-
servation by personal observation.
Mr.. Hotter has been operating
his farm near Middletown since
1924. For the last eight years he
has been farming under a COM
plete soil conservation plan. An
adjoining farm, which he operated
for q time under the conventional
"square-field" plan. has served as
. check farm.
Before the conservation plan
was made for my farm" Mr.. Hol-
ter said, I'VE were getting a great
deal Of erosion. We followed a
square field system of farming.
Top soil was washing from the
sloping fields into the bottom land.
after changing farm plans he
said, IT continued to operate the
adjacent farm, similar to mine,
under the old system. On this
farm the fields were treated just
as the ones on the home farm, ex-
cept the corn was not planted on
the contour.
ION the home farm" he said
Eve harvested TO bushels Of corn
to the acre, as compared to 90
bushels on the farm that was not
In contours. This was about a 20
per cent yield increase"
Since beginning his conservation
plan, Mr.. Hotter has increased the
size Of his farm by about one
third, and has doubled the live
stock carrying capacity OF the
land.
"I am confident" he said, "that
we can double the size Of our COW
herd again"
Mr.. Hotter said that one of the
most important phases of contour
farming is the ease with which
machinery can be operated.
1--WE are working around the
hills and not up and down." he
said. "It used to take four horses
to haul hay. Now We haul it ir
with two"
Mr.. Hotter said he is no longer
troubled with runof water wash
ing out fences. Strip cropping or
the contour has eliminated thai
hazard.
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Flower Mart Pictures.

Flower Mart Pictures.
Color pictures of the Cathedral
Flower Mart and PARKWAY Gar
dens" will be shown Wednesday
at q meeting Of the Bethesda
Community Garden Club at 10:30
am. at the Battery Park club
house. New officers will be elect
ed. The luncheon hostesses: Mrs.
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Dish Gardens to Be Topic.

DDH U&TucHS " D< AUpfVs
Brookland Garden Club vii.
continue its workshop at Slowe
School, Fourteenth and Jackson
streets NE. Tuesday. Randall
Evans will discuss the construc.
ton. design and care Of dish gar.
dens.
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Christmas Decorations.

Chevy Chase %. c. Garden
Club will meet tomorrow at p m.
at the home of Mrs. Otis w. Elzey,
4849 Kansas avenue. Miss Jean
Arm will discuss Christmas deco
rative effects. Mrs. Paul Ander-
son and Mrs. Laurence E. Vorhees
will assist Mrs. Elzey.
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Della Robia Demonstration.

Della Robia Demonstration.
The Washington Garden Clut
will hold its next meeting at the
home of Mrs. Edward Stevens
1906 Varnum street NV. tomor-
row. Mrs. Charles Arth and Mrs
Charles v. Grunwell, co-hostesses
Luncheon at ! O'Clock, followed
by a Christmas program. Mrs
Edmund F. Erik will demonstrate
Della Robia wreath creations.
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Mrs. Lang to Speak.

Mrs. Lang to Speak.
The Forest Hills Garden Club
will meet tomorrow at 2 pm. at
the home Of Mrs. Edward l..
Springer. Mrs. Frederick w. Lang
will address the club on Christ
mas Decoration" and illustrate
the talk by making some decora-
ttons.
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Garden Club Activities

H. r. Trueman. chairman: Mrs.
A. j. Evans, Mrs. L. A. Gravelle,
Mrs. Joseph Guard. Mrs. c. Hen
erickson and Mrs. M. Mayhall
Smith. Mrs Arthur j. Hilland
will make a Christmas table deco
ration.
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Home Decoration Is Topic,

Home Decoration Is Topic.
The Silver Spring Garden Club
will hold a special meeting tomor-
row at 8 pm. at the home Of Mrs.
Floyd Smith, in Woodside Park.
Members will be instructed in
methods of Christmas decoration,
an added activity of the club.
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Woodridge Club Elects.

Mrs. H. c. Maynor, 2605 Brent
wood road NE, was announced as
winner of the Woodbridge Garden
Clubs four-shows point contest
at the 22d annual meeting of the
club Tuesday. RunneruD in this
contest was Mrs. H. A. Linger,
1725 Otis place NE.
New officers of the club are
John M. Davidson. 9728 Bexhill
drive. president: DR.. ]. A. Gamble,
1922 South Dakota avenue NE,
vice president: Miss Lois Targett
and Mrs. E. c. Hunton. secreta-
ries; w. w. Giffen. treasurer; Miss
Hazelle M. johnson, librarian.
Evening star., 1949-12-11
Culpeper Club Project.

Culpeper Club Project.
The Culpeper CVaD Garden Club
will sponsor project to landscape
the grounds of the new county
high school recently constructed
near the town.
The project will be memorial
to Miss Ruth Campbell. a teacher
at the high school for % years
and to T. w. Hendricks. superin-
tendent of county schools for "a
years and a former principal OF
the high school.
Garden club officials said the
Culpeper Rotary Club will plant
trees along drive in front Of the
school as a memorial to Mr.
Hendricks, who was member o.
the club. Norway naples. hi!
favorite tree, will be planted.
Civic organizations. school alumni
and present high school student.
will help with the project, it was
said.
Evening star., 1949-02-15
Trial Board Recommends
PoIiceman's S Dismissal

The Police Trial Board today
recommended to Police Supt.
Robert j. Barrett that Pvt. Charles
V. Harvey. 35, colored, of No. 9
Precinct. be dismissed from the
police force.
The policeman. who lives In
Jefferson Heights. Md. was found
guilty on three charges: Conduct
unbecoming an officer, making an
untruthful statement to a superior
officer and being convicted in a
criminal court.
He was not found guilty, how
ever. of the use of a blackjack in
an alteration because there was
not sufficient evidence to substani-
ate the charge. according to Board
Chairman Milton D. Smith.
The charges grew out of ar
alteration Pvt. Harvey had with
his wife. Mrs. Louise Harvey, anc
a friend in a Jefferson Height!
home January 16 when the police.
man attempted to pull his wife
from a chair to persuade her tx
go home. William Scott. wht
lived at the Jefferson Height!
home, intervened, and figh
ensued.
Evening star., 1949-02-15
Court Reverses Itself,
Orders Schachf 10 Jail
I, By the Associated Press

LUDWIGSBURG, Germany,
Feb. 15.-A German appeals court
reversed itself yesterday and Or
dered Hjalmar Schacht to serve
an eight-year sentence for being
a major Nazi offender. But there
was no assurance he would do 50.
Schacht, former German finan-
cial wizard. did not attend the
hearing and let it be known be-
forehand he didn't intend to. He
is staying near Hamburg. in the
British zone. and there ignored
summonses from the court, which
is in the American zone.
There was no immediate answer
to questions whether he could or
would be forced to return and
serve his sentence.
Schacht. 72. was acquitted Of
war crimes by the International
Military Tribunal at Nuremberg.
but soon after was judged a major
Nazi offender by a Stuttgart de-
notification court and given an
eight-year term. This sentence
was quashed by the appeals court
which reversed itself yesterday On
what it said was new evidence.
Evening star., 1949-02-15
Bids 10 Operate Parking LOT
Behind Blair House Asked

Bids for the continued opera
ton of a parking lot located in
what the Government calls "the
most closly guarded city block in
the country will be opened Feb
ruary % by the Public Buildings
Administration.
The lot is located in the area
behind the Blair House. tempo
rary home of President and Mrs
Truman: the Blair-Lee House,
which houses distinguished guests
of the Government, and the
United States Court of Claims
Building. 1t fronts half a block
on the east side of Seventeenth
street NV. and has an opening
on the south side of H street.
A stipulation in the lease will
require the operator to reserve
space for the cars Of 116 Govern
ment employees at monthly rentals
not to exceed IS. The operator
may fix his own fees for other
cars.
The Grand Plaza Parking Corp,
whose two-year lease expires in
March, is expected to be among
the bidders. The 1875 cars now
using the lot pay 1927 monthly.
Bids will be opened at 2 pm.
in Room 11a6, Federal Works
Agency Building.
Evening star., 1949-02-15
New Piston ype Plane Engine
Raises Power, Cuts Fuel Use

reduction in fuel consumption and
a 20 per cent increase in power.
The first flight test is to be
made this summer. Mr.. Jordan
said, when the engine will be used
as a fifth power plant on a Bit
test plane.
With such an engine" he ex-
planned, the Navy's Truculent
Turtle, which established the
world long distance flight mark of
1924 miles, could have increased
that range to more than 10000
miles"
Predicting a long life for con-
ventional piston-type engines. Of
fcials said the turbo-cyclone is
considered an interim power plant
until jet power becomes widely
feasible. The greatest objection
to jet power in commercial use is
the high fuel consumption.
Mr.. Jordan, in Washington with
other corporation officials. spoke
before a luncheon meeting of
businessmen at the Washington.
Evening star., 1949-02-15
| Bus Firm Sues
|AH-GHIOrchestru
After Coast Trip

There was no complaint against
the music offered, but the Inter-
National Sweethearts of Rhythm,
Inc, was sued yesterday in Dis
trict Court for $3,214. which the
all-girl orchestra allegedly owes for
a trip to the West Coast last fall.
The suit was filed by the Calvert
Motor Coach Service, Inc. of
Baltimore. through Attorney Lee
w. Cowan. It said the orchestra
has paid slightly over $3,816 of its
$1,000 bill for the trip.
The International Sweethearts
of Rhythm have headquarters
listed at 2O8 S street NV.
Evening star., 1949-02-15
Seret. W. D. McCroney
ReburioL Tomorrow

Reburial services for s/sergt
w. Daniel McCraney, a 1st Divi-
sion Marine who was killed in
action on Two Jima on March 16,
1915, will be held at 1890 am.
tomorrow in Arlington Cemetery.
A Washington resident after
1884, Sergt. McCraney was a
student at American University
and worked at the Justice De-
partment's Prisons Bureau. A
Marine reserve member, he was
called to active duty when the
war broke out and served on
Guadalcanal, Tulagi and Cape
Gloucester. He was awarded the
Bronze Star and the Silver Star
with cluster.
He is survived by his mother,
Mrs. Katherine Mangum Nc
Craney of San Francisco: two
sisters and q brother. <
Evening star., 1949-02-15
AFL Lays Before u. n.
Evidence Of Russian
Ens|aviing Of Labor
BY the Associofed Press

LAKE SUCCESS. Feb. 15.-The
American Federation of Labor laid
before the United Nations today
a mass of documentary evidence
that millions of slave laborers are
living under intolerable conditions
in Russia.
A sworn statement by man
who claimed he had been an in
mate of a Soviet labor camp said
conditions in these places were
worse than Dachau, the wartime
Nazi horror camp.
Affidavits from three eyewit-
nesses were submitted to the Eco
nomic and Social Council by the
AFL representative. Miss Tony
Sender, who is demanding an i'm
partial investigation Of slave labor
She quoted from a big sheaf of
documents containing similar
stories OF horror.
One of the four inmates. DR..
Julius Margolin, who now is in
Israel, told of conditions he de-
scribed as reminiscent of the IA
nous scene in Maxim Gorki's
The Lower Depth" in which as
many as 100 prisoners lived in a
single room.
The conditions of life in the
Soviet camps present an inde-
scribable hell to the eyes of an
European" DR.. Margolin said in
his statement.
Persons who knew Polish pris-
ons and the German Dachau of
the year 1887 remembered them in
the Soviet camps as comparative
paradise"
Discussion of the slave labor
question began late yesterday
when the United States chal-
Hanged Russia to allow U. N. in
vestigators to go behind the Iron
Curtain and study charges that
Russians have 5000 900 to 14,000,-
900 slave laborers.
Evening star., 1949-02-15

A piston-type engine that will
power aircraft "for many years to
come" before jet power sweeps the
transport field is being prepared
for fight tests by the Curtiss-
Wright Corp. .
William c. Jordan, Curtiss-
Wright president. told of the new
power plant here today at the
opening of the corporations one
day Span of Flight" exhibit at
the Washington Hotel. The dis
play, featuring such things as the
new reversible propeller. the radio
brain" of remote control planes,
and other postwar developments,
is open to the public until 10 pm.
The new engine. called the tur-
bo-cyclone, uses some of the ex-
haust gases to drive turbines
which are geared directly to the
engine crankshaft. It's great ap-
peal to transport and cargo plane
operations is a 20 per cent fuel
Evening star., 1949-02-15
Group Ready 10 Hear
Condor on Request
By the Associoted Press

DR.. Edward U. Condor. head OF
the National Bureau of Standards
can have a hearing before the
House Committee on Un-American
Activities anytime he asks for it,
Chairman Wood said today.
But to date in this session of
Congress, Mr.. Wood told newsn1en.
DR.. Condor hasn't asked for a
hearing and there are no plans to
arrange for one without such a
request.
Mr.. Woods statement was in
response to a demand on the House
floor Yesterday by Representative
Rankin, Democrat. of Mississippi,
that the committee call DR.. Condor
before it for hearing. Mr.. Rankin
no longer is a member of the COM
mittee but was on it in the last
Congress when a subcommittee
called DR.. Condor one of the
weakest links in the Nations chain
of atomic security.
DR.. Condor denied the statement
and publicly asked for a hearing
at the time, but the full committee
took no action on the request. nor
did it approve the subcommittee S
findings in the Condor case. Mr..
Wood said no formal request for a
hearing ever was made by DR..
Condor.
Mr.. Woods apparent attitude is
that since the committee as now
constituted did not initiate the
Condor case. it should not follow
it up unless DR.. Condor himself
makes a formal request.
Evening star., 1949-02-15
Southeast Businessmen
Back SoIes Tox Plan

The Southeast Businessmen S
Association last night went over
proposed solutions for the District S
revenue problem, as a prelude to
tomorrow's Congressional hearing,
and decided once more that a sales
tax is the only answer.
Among proposals opposed by the
group, which met at 314 Pennsyl-
vania avenue Sc. were personal
property and District income
taxes; any increase in liquor taxes
or liquor licenses and any reduc-
tion of exemptions in taxes on un-
incorporated businesses. In an
other action the organization re-
iterated its previous stand against
District suffrage.
Evening star., 1949-02-15
Tokomo Citizens Oppose
Rezoninq Proposal |

Opposition of the Takoma Park
Citizens Association to proposed
,rezoning of land east of the Balti-
more g. Ohio Railroad right of
way and south, Of Van Buren
street NV. has been registered
with the District Zoning Com
mission. the group was told last
night. .a .s -. ..
John Walker. president. report
ed he submitted a change from
commercial to industrial zoning.
The group met at the Takoma
Park Library, Fifth and Cedar
streets NV.
Evening star., 1949-02-15
'ECA Aid 10 Europe
No Threat 10 Trade
Of U. s., Thorpe Says
BY the Associated Press

The revival of Europe's exports
under the Marshall Plan entails
no threat to the future of Ameri-
can foreign trade. Assistant Sec
retary of State Willard L. Thorp
said today.
If this country should fail to
continue substantial" dollar help,
Mr.. Thorp said.a Europe will be
unable to maintain a high level
of imports from the United States
with European recovery. on the
other hand, it seems reasonable to
assume that with the exception
of some specific items like coal
our exports should continue at
high levels to Europe" Mr.. Thorp
said.
East West Trade to Rise.
Mr.. Thorp. who is in charge OF
economic affairs at the State De-
partment, appeared before the
Senate House Economic Commit
tee. The group is considering the
need for anti-inf1ation measures.
The Senate Foreign Relations
Committee. meanwhile, studied
advices that despite the cold war,
a lively $3.000,O 100000 trade is ex-
pected in the next two years be-
tween Western Europe and Com
munist-controlled countries.
The Economic Cooperation
Administration made the esti-
mate in a progress report. 1t
said Western Europe in the 1949-
so period will export 81 ,490. .0O0. 900
worth of goods to Eastern Europe.
Imports from the East are esti-
mated at 81 100000,
ECA is encouraging this trade,
the report said. but only within
the limits of national security"
The East West trade last year
totaled 1881 100000. ECA esti-
mated.
Competition for New Markets.
The report said machinery, steel
/ dllu OCllcI l1luQStI ldl plOuuSLS dl c
going into Eastern Europe in re-
turn for coal, timber, grains and
potash.
The Foreign Relations Commit
tee, simultaneously with the Sen
ate House group. is studying
ECA's new $3.50 100000 aid pro-
gram.
Mr.. Thorp told the joint COM
mittee that President Truman's $
bold new program" for develop
ment of such areas as Latin
America, Asia and Africa. will
provide large markets for ma
chinery. supplies and equipment.
There undoubtedly will be
severe competition between Amer
ican and European firms for these
markets." he concluded.
While the hearing went on.
ECA took a new look at its aid
program in the light of some
drops in food prices.
Evening star., 1949-02-15
Burmu Town of Insein
Still Scene Of Fighting
Dy the Associated Press

RANGOON. Burma, Feb, Is
Fighting continued today in the
town of Insein. despite official re-
ports of a retreat by Karen rebels.
A newsman drove to the area in
a hired car and heard the chatter
of automatic arms fire as the
Karens slugged it out with Bur-
mese government troops. Sources
in the area said the Karens were
well dug in and were offering
stubborn resistance.
The War Office had announced
a Karen retreat. but government
spokesmen said later the an
nouncement was premature.