davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ad-daleel., 1949-03-02
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Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
ABC but 10 Q

They almost changed the book last
week. The spelling book that some
Britons never completely mastered.
The House of Commons saved the
Kings English by a whisker or--to
be precisely three votes.
After debating five hours, Conn
mons turned down, 81 to "a, a bill to
reform the whole English spelling
system.
Laborite Mont Follick wanted an
alphabet of % letters instead of 26.
He would have done away with @, Y
and z. Everything would be phonetic,
every letter and combination of let
ters standing for the same sound all
the time.
His bill would have set up "Ei
Komiti to Intredus eli Rashonal Sys-
TEN of Spelling uith Ell Viu to Making
Inglish a Uerld Languij."
George Tomlinson, minister of Ed
ucation, said the Labor Government
was against the bill. "It would mean
the whole literature of this country
would have to be rewritten" he de-
clared..
Conservative /. ]. Pitman, whose
grandfather invented the 40-char.
acter shorthand system bearing hi
name, was for the bill He said:
George Bernard Shaw has Offered
tie whole of his estate for the finan.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
truman


TANNED and refreshed after
i a two-week Florida vacation.
Mr.. Truman is ready again ia
pick UP the heavy burden of ex.
ecutive duties.
While the President relaxed al
Key West, close associates predicted
he may soon stump the country by
train to build fires under congressman
bucking the Administration program.
Congressional reverses piled up last
week against the Administration.
Coalitions between Republicans and
Southern Democrats in both houses
put the whole Truman program in
doubt.
A Senate committee pigeonholed
Mr.. Truman's nomination of his per-
sonal friend, Mon c. Wallgren, as
chairman of the National Security
Resources Board.
Triumphant Rebel YelIs
Dixie Democratic senators scorned
the first compromises offered by Tru-
man lieutenants to end the filibuster.
Triumphant southerners, who kept
the talk fest going since February %,
dropped it at IL pm. Tuesday to ac-
cept Republican compromise dee
feating filibuster curbs.
The filihuster lasted 55 hours, As
minutes, nowhere near a record. But
Sen. Allen ]. Ellender (D-La) set an
all time individual nonstop mark
when he spoke Monday for IL hours
and 20 minutes. Others have held the
floor longer but they were assisted
by quorum calls and interruptions,
The House approved a 15-month ex.
tension for rent controls but with a
'home rule" provision giving states.
counties and even towns the right to
lift controls whenever they wish.
This was a severe blow to Admins
tration prestige House Democratic
leaders were against the "home rule"
idea, wanted a two-year instead of
15-month4 extension, and sought
greater powers to enforce rent con-
trolls.
Heads for Senate 80
The bill, passed 26. to l53 by the
House, goes'to the Senate where Ad-
ministration men will renew the fight.
Action on Senate version had been
blocked because of the filibuster
AS for local option on rent controls,
Tighe Woods, federal rent administra-
tor, thought it might not work out too
badly.
81 would be willing to bet" he said,
"that 90 per cent of the 1,l00 counties
where we have rent control will not
lift it under thi amendment"
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
ABROAD: Palestine, Burma & Korea

the presence of a token American
force in the south and the current
visit of the U.N. Korean Commission
has deferred the north from attack.
His stand is that the present vast dis
crepancy between the northern and
southern forces invites invasion by
the Soviet-sponsored northern regime.
North Korean armed strength has
been estimated at 100000 to 100000.
The south has $4,000 men armed part
ly with American and partly with old
Japanese weapons.
BeneIux Union
Europe's three low countries-Bel-
gium. the Netherlands and Luxem-
bourg-have moved one step nearer
union. Economic merger of the Bene-
lux nations will become effective July
l, 1850. A preparatory pre-union stage
will be reached this July.
The union, when effective, will SET
up a free-trade area with common ex-
else taxes and customs. The countries
will also coordinate their commercial
and monetary policies.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
NATION: The Ides Of March

takes you made on the final returns
that flooded the mails last Tuesday.
Treasury Secretary Snyder, some-
what of a philosopher, recognizes
that no one likes to pay taxes.
"With 55,0OO,OOO persons making
income tax returns each year" Sny-
der says, 1T is not uncommon to find
numerous mistakes due to faulty
arithmetic, carelessness, unfamiliarity
with procedure, and similar factors"
Snyder's check-up men in the In
ternal Revenue Bureau collected
record total of S2,235, ,822,110 in extra
taxes and penalties in ls48.
Criminal prosecutions for tax eva
sion reached new high with S3a
persons convicted and fined $l,50l,-
600 in addition to drawing prison
terms. They got nicked, too, for the
evaded taxes, interest and penalties.
Only eight people who went to
trial on tax chiseling charges were
acquitted.
The bureau made 3,l84 investiga-
tionS into fraud cases." some Of
which are scheduled for trial later
this year These probes accounted for
$237, ,87s, ,10S of last years extra cols
lections.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25

though not a professional soldier, he
is not new at the business.
A West Virginia lawyer, Johnson
was thinking of running for governor
of his state when World War broke
out and he went into the Army. A
captain of infantry, he saw service in
the Meuse-Argonne and helped found
the American Legion
In 1882 and 1888 he was the Le-
gion's national commander and this,
indirectly, led to his projection on
the national scene. When President
Roosevelt's economic act of 1888 cut
benefits to disabled war veterans,
Johnson's was one calm voice among
the disgruntled ex-servicemen. The
veterans first duty, he declared, is
to the nation, his second to his war
comrades.
The statement pleased F.D.R., who
invited Johnson to the White House.
In 1897, johnson became Assistant
Secretary of War. In 1899 as war
clouds gathered, he spearheaded
Roosevelt's drive for $4,000 planes
and stumped the country, speaking
in every state for military and indus
trial preparedness.
Johnson is not of the school that
considers war inevitable but he
wears no rose colored glasses. A yeal
ago, he told Congress: IF next wal
comes, we are not going to have any
Pearl Harbor. We are going to have
if they can get away with it, SO Hiro
shimas in these United States"
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
The Two-Edaed Sword

Some psychologists wonder if the
cold war and talk about atomic bombs
aren't frightening more Americans
than Russians. Therefore, the govern
ment is going to tell the public more
about the so-called super secret
weapons.
Many Americans are overconfident,
too. They believe that victory in any
war would be certain for this country
because of the atomic bomb, alone.
That, the experts say, isn't neceS-
Sarily so.
Lifting the Veil
Last week the national military es-
tablishment issued formal statement
on biological warfare-a top military
secret for the last three years. The
statement reveals what germ warfare
can and cannot do. 1t says:
Biological warfare-the stealthy
implanting of germs in people, ami
mails or crOpS-iS practicable, can
be conducted ON a limited scale
now, is potentially important
weapon.
Since this i. true, the us. must
be on guard against the use of
germs in war or biological SabO-
tage methods before a war is de-
Clared."
In research, the us. is abreast
perhaps ahead of other nations. Sc
Cret studies have been directed by
committee 'X' of the Research and
Development Board.
But-"there is no factual basis
for extravagant claims of existence
of biological superweapOn which
can kill hundreds of millions of
people"
None of these weapons, governmen
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
Trials and
TribuIGtiOns

THE spotlight on spies and
! spy probes in this country
and abroad has been intense since
the end of the war. It's candle
power, instead of waning, seems
about to increase.
The worlds eyes were focused re-
Gently on Hungary and Bulgaria be-
cause of the religious issues involved
in the espionage trials and convictions
of Cardinal Mindszenty and the Is.
Protestant clergymen.
The Whitaker Chambers-Alger Hiss
controversy made "spy ring'' head
lines throughout the nation and Hiss
trial on charges of perjury is sched-
uled to start before federal jury on
March q.
Trial of Communist Leaders
Trial of IL top Communist Party
leaders on charges of conspiring to
advocate overthrow of the American
government is underway in New York
City.
In the US. zone of Germany the
third Of a series of spy trials ended
last week with eight Europeans con-
victed of turning American military
information over to foreign power.
In France, Dieudonne Coste, pioneer
French ocean fiier. faced a prosecutor
on charges of having been one of the
best paid Nazi agents curing the war.
Not all the spy cases wind up in
court.
Diplomatic Immunity
An unusual case is the indictment
for espionage of Judith Coplon, an
American employe of the Department
of Justice, and Valentin A. Gubitchev,
Russian enploge of the United. Ma
tions Secretariat.
A controversy is raging over juris-
diction. Gubitchev argued that he was
a diplomat with full diplomatic inn
munity to arrest. He was supported
by Soviet consular officials and the
Russian ambassador in Washington
who twice protested Gubitchev's de-
tainment to the State Department.
But all U.N. employees pledge them.
selves to work with the interests oi
the UN. only in view" and without
regard to "any government" Secre
tary of State 4cheson rejected the
Soviet protests. He said the U.N
headquarters agreement gave UN
employees no immunity to arrest fol
acts outside or their U.N. work.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
SCIENCE: Plain and Fancy Flights

especially new. Ever since the war
rocket experts have been declaring:
Push button warfare so far has little
more than the button" That still is
true, the experts say.
Theory and Practice
The trouble, scientists agree, is that
the public has confused scientific
theory and capabilities to carry out
that theory. The latter may be dec
AIDES, even centuries, away.
A beautiful example of both these
elements was contained in an inter-
view last week with the German
scientist who perfected the Nazi Va
buzzbomb. DR.. WaIther Riedel, chief
designer and director of Hitler's fabu-
lous Pennemuende rocket plant in
Pomerania, is now in this country
helping the US. Air Force develop
even deadlier missiles on the west
coast. In describing their power, DR..
Riedel said:
'Take 80 locomotives, each weigh
ing 10 tons. Put them in company
front and roll them at. SO miles per
hour. Ram them simultaneously into
a concrete wall. That is the impact
force of the W..
This Is a Prediction
The German aerophysicist also went
on to discuss interplanetary flight He
said:
Space will be conquered in definits
stages. First, in five to ten years, there
will be created a satellite that viii
whirl endlessly around the earth.
SIN quarter century, the satellite
will become a space station wher'
man can properly study the myriaC
problems of space travel.
Finally will come interplanetar,
fiight-as sure as the Amen il
church."
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25

present the U.N. with an accom-
plished fact, as they did with the
seizure of Arab Beersheba from the
Egyptians last October.
Burmese Offer
Further south and east Burma has
offered rebelling Karens an autono-
nous state of their own. The Rangoon
offer was made after Karens reported
ly had captured all of Mandalay,
Burma's second largest city, after a
three-day battle with government
troops.
Fearful of Communist North Korea,
President Osyngman Rhee is sending
a personal representative to Washing
ton to seek help in doubling the pres
ent 5OOOO-man South Korean Army.
Rhse has salt. repeatedly that only
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
Quotes

Prime Minister Louis st. Lau-
rent of Canada, supporting the
proposed North Atlantic security
pact: "We can win the war
against wal much more cheaply
than we can win a third world
war"
Lev Berg, president of the So
Wet Geographical Society: "Any
solution of the question of SOW
ereignty in the Antarctic without
participation of the Soviet Union
can have no legal validity, since
the U.S.S.R. has every ground
for not recognizing such a de-
cision."
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25

Management-labor disputes in hard
and soft coal have been as vio-
lent as the work underground. Bloody
strikes used to be the rule. In recent
years, however, John L. Lewis has
waged court duels with the govern-
ment as we'll as the mine operators.
The fighting has been just as intense
but on legal not a physical plane.
Last week Lewis, the United Mine
Workers chieftain, called his miners
out east of the Mississippi 1t was not
strike, he explained, but two
weeks memorial for the 55,ll5 min
ers killed or injured last year.
Lewis also is a foe of DR.. James
Boyd, former dean of the Colorado
School of Mines. For almost a year
his influence had blocked Senate COM
firmation of Boyd as director of the
federal mine bureau.
The bushy-browed Lewis minced
no words about Boyd in calling the
men out. He said: '"This period of in
action will emphasize the Mine Work.
ers' opposition to one Boyd . an
incompetent, unqualified person who
has the power to decide whether
miners should live or continue to die
in the mines"
A Senate committee, declaring il
would not be ''intimidated," approved
the Boyd nomination after having
pigeon-holed it for nearly a year
Confirmation by the full Senate is
necessary.
The two-week stoppage will de-
prive the nation of 20 million tons ot
coal. In addition to the idled 425,00
coal miners, railroads laid off 10000
workers as a direct result of th'
shutdown.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
Jobs
tougher to Get

tougher to Get
If you're out of work, it's going to
be tougher to get another job if
you're a man than a woman. On the
average, that is.
The Census Bureau says it takes
men an average of nine weeks to find
d Job against an average Of six and
one-half weeks for women.
These are February statistics, the
latest available. In February it took
the average unemployed American
eight and one-half weeks to find a
new job. That was tougher than jan
uary when the average was seven
and three-quarter weeks.
Neither sex is finding the job mar
ket as rosy as in early postwar
months. Even the February average
is deceptively bright. Unemployment,
chiefly among men in non-farming
pursuits, has risen since then.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25

be the second civil
ian to head this
n ation ms unified
Army, Air Force
and Navy.
Johnson is a firm
b CLEVER in pre-
p are dness s as a
means of averting
war and his will
be the primary re-
sp sibility for
keeping this coun-
try strong during
fha atomic aoe AL
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25

But the quiet which settled over the
Holy Land is tense. There were de-
velopments last week that strained
the paper truce and may yet reduce it
to scrap of paper.
Britain began to send reinforce
ments to its garrison at Aqaba, tiny
Red Sea port of its ally, TranS-J Jordan.
Five miles away, across the gulf,
Jewish armored columns had rolled in
to take possession of the Negev's short
Red Sea coastline.
Israel says the territory is hers un-
der the United Nations partition ar
rangenient. The British and Trans
Jordan do not recognize the Israeli
claim to the southern wedge of the
Negev.
Amman has accused the Jews of
trying to grab what they want and
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
Sideliehts

. A serious crime occurred every
1877 seconds in the United States dur
ing 1948, according to the Federal
Bureau of Investigation
To observe st. Patrick's Day au-
thentically, more than two tons OF
shamrock, the little, green three
leaved symbols of love for the ould
sod, were imported by air from Ire-
land by New York City celebrants.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25

experts say, are now absolute" weap-
ons. There are definite limitations in
the number they can kill or the dam
age they can do. There are means of
minimizing their effect.
An Atomic Primer
A government book about atomic
bombs will be issued within few
months. 1t is being prepared by the
Atomic Energy Commission now. 1t
will be the first authoritative and de-
tailed discussion of the blast, heat and
radiation effects of atomic bombs. 1t
will include several chapters on the
design of buildings to withstand
atomic attacks.
The campaign to puncture fanciful
flights about guided missiles is not
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
In Short

Ended: BY Britain, clothes ration
ing, after nine years.
Won: BY 100000 incorporating
railroad workers, 40-hour week for
the same pay they now get for 48
hours.
Scheduled: The North Atlantic Sc
. curity Alliance, comp etc I'd after
months of negotiation, for signing at
Washington the first week in April
Attained: BY the United States, its
largest peacetime National Guard in
history: 329,6l4 officers and enlisted
men.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
BRITAIN: Nix on Silk Trix

cling of this sort of thing provided ii
was in 40-letter alphabet"
Follick, a 62-year-old doctor OF
philosophy and language teacher, said
he didn't insist on his own system
just some better and simpler one.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
Russia
Toke Up Thy Bed g. Walk

tSNS ~ r. 'saI ~S~ ~ " SbN
The Soviet journal Ogonek reports
that Lake of Life" has been dis
covered in the Ural Mountains.
The lake bottom repeatedly is COM
posed of a miraculous medical mud
which heals patients bedridden for
years with joint and nerve ailments.
After only one or two treatments pa
tients get up and walk right out of
the hospital.
The lake bottom is said to be made
up of sapropelic (animal organisms)
mud, permeated by decaying organic
ooze deposited for centuries.
Local peasants discovered its heal
ing qualities but it came to official
notice only recently when a small
local sanatorium was established tC
treat wounded war veterans.
The Soviet government (now hai
decided to build a state sanatoriun
there.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25

ton is far ahead of
the rest of the world,
LOIS miners were
killed last year, and
some $4,000 injured.
The federal Bu-
reau of Mines says
1948 was the "saf-
est" year on rec
ord. Fatalities un-
d derground d have
totaled d 1900 or
more in recen I
years.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
Dates
MOnday, March q

Monday, March n
United Nations Economic Com
mission for Europe meets in Ge-
neva, Switzerland.
Tuesday, March 22
Puerto Rico Emancipation Day.
Wednesday, March 20
Anniversary (82nd), Alaska
made part of US.
Friday, March rs
Maryland Day.
Greek independence Day.
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25

LMOST month ago IsraeliEgypan truce signed on
the island of Rhodes under auspices of Dr. Ralph Bunhe the
United Nations acting mediator for Palestine King Farouk thus
became the first Arab ruler recognize the Jewish state On March
IL Transordan signed ceaser pact for the whole Palestine
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
People
Security Mon

Security Man
Louis A. Johnson, So, will become
Secretary Of Defense March 81, sue
ceeding James v. Forrestal. He will
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
abor

John |. Agcin
Coal mining is one of the worlds
most hazardous industries. Even in
the United States where mechanical
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25
Their Business IS Piekina Up

The men who follow up the federal
income tax collector had busy time
last year. Whether they will be buster
in 1949 depends on how many mis-
Milford chronicle., 1949-03-25

can Rights Reserved. AP NetOsfeata.Fesl
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12
BACK TO TACOMA

The Rev. Fred Koehler, S. j.,
who has been in Wrangell in
charge of the Catholic parish for
the past six weeks while the Rev.
NJ. E. Hoch was on vacation in
California. left Sunday for Tacoma
and Bellarmine College where he is
on the teaching staff.
FIR. Koehler expressed his plea
sure at the opportunity of being
in Wrangell and said he regretted
his stay could not have been long
er. He made many friends among
people of the town.
The Rev Hoch returned home
Monday. His vacation was spent in
Los Angeles with his mother and
with several brothers and sisters.
He reports feeling rested and
ready for another years service to
his parish.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12
DINNER PARTY H0NORS
MRS. P. C. MCCORMACK SR.

Mr.. and Mrs. Peter c. McCor-
mack were hosts at a dinner party
at their home last Saturday evenin
given in honor of Mr.. Mccormack 5
mother. Mrs. P. c. Mccormack Sr..
who left on the Aleutian Monday
to make her home in Oakland, Cal
ifornia. She will reside with her
daughter, Mrs Robert Murphy.
Mrs. Mccormack is the widow of
one of Wrangell's pioneer merch-
ants. She came here as a bride be-
fore the turn of the century. Her
husband. in the mercantile bust
ness, served two terms in the early
day Territorial Legislature.
Mr.. Mccormack passed away a
bout four years ago.
Invited to wish Mrs. Mccormack
well in her new residence were the
Rev. Fred KOehler, S. J., who
served the Catholic parish here in
the absence of the Rev NJ. E. Hoch
on vacation in California; Sister
Frances De Sales ad Sister Lucille.
of Ketchikan who are here teach
ing a special course in eatechism.
and the grandchildren of the hon
or guest, children of Mr.. and Mrs.
Mccormack.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12
EARLY PINK SALMON RUNS
sPoTTY, SAYS DIRECTOR

JUNEAU - Early salmon runs
in lower Southeast Alaska are very
spotty. according to Clarence J.
Rhode, director OF Fish and Wild
life Service in Alaska.
Some streams he said this
week. are making a definitely
good showing, while others, where
fish usually run consistently we'll,
present blank spots in the pre-
season picture.
Joint daily surveys are being
conducted by the Service and the
Alaska Salmon Industry. Inc, fol-
lowing a meeting Friday in which
operators asked for an early open
ing of the commercial fishing sea-
son in specified areas, most of
which are scheduled to open next
Monday.
"a lot of streams beyond Anau
Greek have been seeded since the
first request came for opening o.
that stream" said Rhode THAT
wouldn't have happened if Anan
had been opened up.
IF it appears that overspawning
is imminent, of course the streams
can be opened early" he contin-
ued. Eve have to look at the over
all picture, not several isolated
streams"
Monday George Kelez, supervisor
of fisheries, flew out on a survey
trip with Nick Bee, salmon packer,
streams in question. These were
chiefly in the Stikine area.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12
NEW VET CoMMIssIoNTR

JUNEAU - The Territorial Com
missioner of Veterans Affairs has
appointed William NJ. Collins to
the position of Regional Deputy
Commissioner in charge of the
First Division. with offices in the
Valentine building. Juneau.
He replaces Edward T Brehm.
who has been assigned TO the Sec
ond and Fourth Divisions with
headquarters in Fairbanks.
Mr. Collins is an experienced
marine surveyor and. unit his ap-
pointment, was a construction con-
tractor in Anchorage. He and Mrs.
Collins recently drove a new car
from Anchorage to Haines and ar
rived in Juneau Monday on the
ferry. Collins served in the Navy
during World War II. with duty
in South Pacific actions.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1949-08-12

Peterson said that Monday Aug
ust %, will be the last chance to
call up the bills under special rules
unless the rules committee acts
meanwhile.
He said he has asked Delegate
Harrington (R-Hawaii) and Bart
lett (D-Alaska1 to make independ-
ent checks of the House support
Tor the two measures if they are
brought up without rules commit
tee approval.