davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-09-02
China President
Calls for World
.Anti-Red Drive
Rallies Peoce-Lovinq
People to Join in
Fioht on Communism
By the Assoeioted Press


CANTON, Sept. 2.-Acting Pres
ident Ii Tsung-jen of Nationalist
China today appealed for joint
efforts of all loving peoples
against international Communism.
In a statement commemorating
the fourth anniversary Of the vic
tory over Japan. Ii refrained
from asking directly for American
help against the hard-pressing
Chinese Communists. The Reds
have pushed into Kwantung Prov
ince. in which this provisional
capital is located.
while it is the duty of the
Chinese people to work out their
own salvation by destroying such
a brutal force, all peace-loving
peoples of the world should also
realize the approaching danger
and should exert joint efforts with
us for the attainment of our COM
mon goal" Ii said.
Unless our freedom is protected
our sacrifices during World War
II will have been made In vain,'
he continued. "The brutal force
employed by the Communists and
their totalitarian ideas far sur
pass those of the Fascists, and
their threat to the cultural and
spiritual achievements of mankind
is even more dangerous than was
that of Hitler, Mussolini and the
former Japanese militarists."
Failures Acknowledged.
Ii broadly acknowledged the Ma
tionlists 'past political. economic
and military failures" but added
From what we recently achieved
on the battlefields Of Central and
Northwest China. it is clear gov
ernment forces still preserve strong
nti-Communist feelings and their
morale to fight still runs high.
Anti Communis feelings are on the
increase among the people in Com
munist occupied areas as a result
Of Communist oppression"
The acting President said
armed units Of anti Communist
farmers in the provinces of Kiang-
su. Anhwei. Honan and Hupeh
were estimated to be 100000
strong. p
Ii concluded that he was de-
termined to lead his government
to victely. saying:
II hope all peace-loving peoples
take positive steps against this
new totalitarianism with the same
spirit they demonstrated during
the last war. Only by so doing
can the Allied nations hope to
preserve the victory for which
they CALAMITY fought"
Rail Town Threatened.
The Communists were smash
ing hard toward Chenhsien. rail-
way town 180 miles north of
Canton.
Unofficial but credible reports
said the Reds 18th Army was
within 8 miles northeast of
Chenhsien. It's loss would cut the
rail link with government armies
based on Hengyang, 265 miles
north of Canton.
Part of the Kwangtung Province
Evening star., 1949-09-02
Fine Weather Likely
For Holiday Exodus;
Rush Starts Tonight
Air to Be Clear, Cool;
Truins, Planes and
Buses Are Crowded

Washington today will be bus
Ting with residents leaving the
city by bus, train, plane and auto
mobile for the traditional three
day Labor Day week end. Their
places will be partially filled by
visitors from elsewhere coming to
the Capital for the holiday.
AS though the incentive of a
long week end wasn't enough. the
weather bureau presented travel
ers today with a fol ecast Of fine
weather for the exodus. High to-
day will be about IS degrees in
midafternoon while the clear and
cool weather predicted for to-
night will dip to so degrees early
tomorrow morning.
The weatherman also predicted
that tomorrow will have a high
temperature Of 80 degrees in mid
afternoon. It will be partly cloudy.
A low of so early Sunday morn
ing will be reached.
Extra Trains Put On.
Union Station is anticipating
it's usual heavy holiday traffic
crowds. with extra trains being
put on to meet the demand for
space. The peak Of the rush is
expected to be between 4 and 8
o'clock this evening. when Gov
ernment workers and others leave
their Offices for holiday destina-
tions. Officials at the station said
they expected fairly heavy travel
tomorrow morning, comprised
mainly of those unable to leave
today.
Airlines also reported heavy
bookings to all parts of the coun-
try. Extra planes are being put
on by Eastern, American, TWA
and other lines. Eastern Airlines
is increasing its load capacity by
substituting DC4s, holding 56 pas
sengers, for DC3s, with 81 passen-
gers. The line also anticipates
the peak of its traffic from to
10 o'clock this evening, with watt
ing lists waiting for 80 per cent
of the flights scheduled.
Greyhound Adds Buses.
Greyhound and other bus lines
will put on extra buses to accom-
modate those using that means OF
transportation. Here, too, the
crowd is expected to be at its
heaviest late this afternoon and
early tonight.
The Norfolk & Washington
Steamship Co. has a few of its
$50 staterooms still vacant for
tonight's trip but is completely
sold out for Sundays sailing and
also for the return trip on Mon
day. The boat carries 521 pas
Sengers and IS cars.
Auto traffic should be heavy.
with travellers taking to the high
ways in great numbers from early
afternoon on. Many will leave
tomorrow morning, getting an
early start to avoid possible heavy
traffic later in the day. ".
Evening star., 1949-09-02
McCarthyWan
Slot Machine
King atProbe
Calls Frank Costello
Necessary Witness
On Five-Percenters
By the Associoisd Press

Senator Mccarthy, Repupllcan
of Wisconsin, said today he will
insist that Frank Costello OF New
York, reputed "slot machine king,
he called as witness in the Sen
ate investigation of "five-percent-
ers."
IT think Costello is very neces-
sary and important witness,
Senator Mccarthy told a reporter
today.
Senator Mccarthy is member
of the Senate Investigations sub
committee which has been digging
into the question of whether there
has been improper influence in
letting of Federal contracts. Hi
has mentioned Costello's name
several times during the hearing.
On one occasion, Senator Nc
Carthy asked Maj. Gen. Harry H
Vaughan, President Truman
military aide, whether Gen
Vaughan got any campaign funds
from Costello.
At that time, Senator Mccarthy
called Costello "the gangster."
Linked in Liquor Firm.
Gen. Vaughan had testified
that in 1916 he received probably
$4,000" from John Maragon fol
use in the Missouri Democratic
campaign. He said he was under
the impression that Mr.. Maragon
man-about- Washington, had re-
ceived the money from others.
Senator Mccarthy wanted te
know if any of it came from
Costello. Gen. Vaughan said he
had never even heard of Costello
and that he was sure none of the
money came from him.
Later Senator Mccarthy by
questions linked Costello with Phi
Kastel and William Helis as part.
ners in a liquor firm. He pressed
Gen. Vaughan about any con
facts with or campaign donations
from them.
Gen. Vaughan said he knew
nothing about any such liquor
firm. He said he got $4,000 OIL
$4,000 in campaign contributions
from Mr.. Helis in 1946. but that
his understanding was that Mr.
Helis had collected the money
from Greek-Americans friendly
to the Democratic cause.
Mr.. Helis is a New Orleans oil
man and racing figure.
In Recess for Month. 49,
Today. Senator Mccarthy said
he wants to ask Costello about a
number of things that have
cropped up in the investigation
but I can't disclose them now or il
would foul things up"
The Senate hearings are in re-
cess now. probably for about a
month. Meantime, the staff and
investigators are running down
number of tips and collecting data
that may be disclosed later at pub
lie sessions.
Chairman Hoey recessed the
hearing yesterday after the ap-
pearance of Jess Larson, head o1
the General Services Administra-
ton, who gave the opinion that
the middleman in Government
contracting is on the way out.
Three Republican members oi
the subcommittee already wers
demanding a chance to query
Mr.. Helis.
Helis' Son Denies Charge.
Those calling for testimony by
MIR. Helis we're Senators Mund1
of South Dakota, Margaret Chase
Smith of Maine and Mccarthy.
Senator Mccarthy declared Mr.
Helis had an interest in the Tan
foran race track in California
which, witnesses testified, obtained
Evening star., 1949-09-02
Jap Voicono Erupting
After 60 -Yeur Sleep
BY The A.soeiotsd Press

TOKYO, Sept. 2.-Mount Yake,
inactive for so years, begs
erupting ashes yesterday.
This Mount Yake, in Northern
Japan, Is not to be confused with
the Mount Yake Of Central
Japan.
Evening star., 1949-09-02
Bulletin
Some Operators Withhold
Coal Pension Payments

John C. Gall, attorney for
the Southern Coal Producers
Association, said today that a
Substantial number" of coal
companies withheld the 70
ccnt-per-ton miners welfare
fund payments due August 20.
Neither John L. Lewis nor
Miss Josephine Roche, director
of the welfare fund, would
confirm any "revolt on the
part Of coal operators In MAX
ing the monthly payments.
Evening star., 1949-09-02

(see BRITISH, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1949-09-02

lSee TRADE, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1949-09-02

(See CHINA, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1949-09-02

Continued on Page AS, Col. l
Evening star., 1949-09-02

(See GIFTS, Page A-4D
Evening star., 1949-09-02

(See LEATHE, Page A.
Evening star., 1949-09-02

lSee EDUCATION, Page A-5.)
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01
In japan

TOKYO - Japanese labor is
catching the brunt of the heavy
strikebreaking club being WELD
ed by Gen. Douglas Macarthur
occupation headquarters h ere
Latest anti-union blow was the
Dec. 20 decree hating the three
strikes involving some $4,000
coal, textile, maritime and cleo
trical workers.
Reason given was that t h e
work stoppages 'interfered with
production" But Japanese work
ers have long been aware of the
close link between the occupa-
ton and big business.
The occupation, which banned
strikes of japanese government
workers some months ago, has
now assumed the power to out
law strikes in private industry.
Such interference with u n o n
rights is a direct violation of
both United Nations and State
department policies on Japan an
nounced directly after VI Day.
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01
In Germany

FRANKFURT - Giant indus
tries that backed Hitler's rise to
power with marks and NUM-
tions have been given the green
light by U. S. occupation autho-
rites in their bid for cartel
agreements TO control world
markets.
The full story of the resur-
gence of German trusts is being
unfolded before a special U. S.
Army commission here. Witness
es testified that the mammoth
Robert Bosch Combine, makers
of electrical machines, was given
an OK on one such agreement,
by Richardson Bronson, head of
the military government decar-
telization group. American and
British legal opinion holds the
pact is illegal.
The commission is also prob
ing action of Gen. Lucius d.
Clay and some of his staff, who
decided not to break up the big
German VKF ball-bearing trust
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01

state FEPC, on rent and hOuS-
ing, and for repeal of the Taft
Hartley law. These are antici-
pated as the major activities to
be directed by the convention
when it adopts legislative pro-
gram on Sunday.
Sessions will take place in
Temple Hall, $50 S. Marshfield
Ave.
In addition to a legislative
blueprint, the convention will
draw up a plan for streamlin-
ing the party's county structure,
according to William H. Miller,
state director. Miller expressed
the hope that party workers
who gained experience in ward
activity during the election cam
paign will be elevated to top
positions of leadership.
TO HEAR VARIED REPORTS
The convention will hear re-
ports from labor, Young Pro-
gressives and the nationalities
council.
Miller said this week that
key function of party work will
be to keep the public abreast
of delivery on campaign pledges
by elected candidates.
st is our intention" Miller
asserted, ito make Truman and
Stevenson deliver on their
promises. We will be exceed
ingly happy if they do. If they
don't, we must see that the peo-
pie know about it."
Miller pointed warning at
Mayor Kennedy in addition to
those elected last November, as
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01
record.
WORKERS GET DRY CRUSTS

While industry was swimming
in gravy, more and more work
ers were getting tossed dry
crusts. Despite three rounds of
wage increases since VI day,
price increases of $50 brought
an actual cut of 1870 in the
real wages of workers. Again
the press sought to cover this
up by exaggerating the import
ance of slight drops in the gov
ernment's cost-of- living index,
which every housewife knows
has little resemblance to what
she pays out to the grocer and
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01
Decatur shop
owner fined

DECATUR, Ill. - Four Ne
groes, who were refused service
in an ice cream shop last Feb
ruary, have finally won their
civil rights suit against the own
ers in Circuit court. The plain
tiffs originally asked $4,000
damages, but each of the four
will receive $25, the minimum
provided by statute.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lawrence Block,
owners of the shop at $50 Mer-
chant ST., were accused of order
ing their waitress not to serve
Negroes. Those denied service
were Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph Slaw,
James Smith and Marshal Brad
dix.
After the jury had remained
deadlocked for % hours, Circuit
Judge Martin E. Morthland act
ed on a motion asking for a
directed verdict in favor of the
plaintiffs. The amount of dam
ages had not been set and there
was no indication whether the
defendants would appeal the
verdict.
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01
u. s. turns clock back
In France

PARIS (ALN) - The French
government has returned h e
great coal mines at LIE Creuzot,
nationalized after We day, to
the Schneider trust which owned
them before tn e war. T h e
Schneider interests were deeply
involved in collaboration with
the Nazis during the wartime oc-
cupation.
U. S. pressure has been in
n reversing t h e
French trend toward full nation
alization of basic industries,
which was at its peak in 1915.
Naturalization already decreed
was administered in a very half
hearted manner after Marshall
plan aid began.
In the mining industry, for in
stance, former owners remained
in top management posts and
Were paid a bonus on each ton of
coal extracted. The process OF
returning them to their previous
power has now begun openly.
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01
ENORMOUS THREE
YEAR JUMP

The jump from 1915 to 1913
post-tax profits was 1853 %.
Despite industry's tear-jerk-
ing advertising campaign in
134S, peddling the line that it
makes penny profits per sales
dollar, the truth is that out of
every dollar of goods sold by
the corporations, about sec goes
into profits, bonuses and salaries
for the upper-crust company
officials. For every dollar the
corporations paid out il wages
in 1915, they maze 33.7c in
profits. BY 1948 the take had
increased to APE.
A breakdown of the over all
profit picture shows the nation S
key industries leading the big
parade. The November 1913
newsletter issued by the Natl
City Bank of New York re-
ported the following profit in
creases for the first nine months
of 1913 compared to the similar
1947 period:
Sixteen petroleum companies,
a 1897 profit increase; II auto
and truck firms, 1867; 80 iron
and steel companies, 1887; IA
electrical equipment and ma
chine companies, 1887; 81 tex
tile firms, 1897; and 38 chemi-
cal and drug companies, 1852.
These profits were piled on
top of steady increases amassed
since the beginning of the war,
with each year setting up new
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01

the year drew to a close
played up testimony before a
Senate investigating commit
tee by big business hired eco
nomists who tried to make
mole hill out of mountainous
corporate profits. Favorite word
used by the slick economists to
describe profits as ''illusory."
If it was just dream, it was
big; beautiful and large as life.
What dig business cannot ex-
plain away is that corporate
profits have shown spectacu-
lar increase since the war, with
millions of consumers footing
the bill.
Estimated profits for 1948 be-
fore taxes are $35 billion, COM
pared to $201 billion in 1945,
an increase of 74.1% The pic
ture after taxes is even more
striking. Estimated profits for
all of 1913 are SILT billion,
compared to STA billion in
1947,. and $8.5 billion in 1945,
the year the excess profits tax
was repealed.
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01
45% more needed

According to the Heller
Committee, = healthful and
decent standard of living for
a worker, his wife and two
children requires an income
of $3.50 a week.
But in this year of high
profits and high prices, the
average worker was earning
S54.06 a Week-befOre taxes.
He'd need about a 1870 wage
increase to meet the none
tOO-high standards of the Hell
Ter budget.
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01

butcher.
In an attempt to head off ris-
ing demands for restoration of
price control, business papers at
the years end jubilantly re-
ported that prices were leveling
off. They didn't report that the
level was still way over the
heads of working families.
Sixty percent of American
families are earning under
$4,000 year, in contrast to
the LOO the Heller Commit
tee says family needs to get
along. BY the end of 1913, great
sections of the American people
were facing real hardship.
Roughly 500 of the nations
families had less than $500 in
savings and, as reports of lay
offs and production cutbacks
gained in prominence, the alb
sence of savings was bringing
many families close to a crisis
point.
FOURTH ROUND READIED
The bells ringing in the new
year of 1949 were also ringing
in demands for a fourth round
in wage increases. One fact
could not be engulfed by the
torrent of excuses for exorbit-
ant profits. Industry can afford
to pay a wage increase of 2596
to all wage and salaried en-
ployes without raising prices
and still have SLAP billion N
profits before taxes. After taxes,
it's profit take would be $88
billion, or 1907 more than the
preWar average.
Big business didn't have to
wait for handouts from Santa
Claus this year. 1t played
Santa Claus to itself all year
round.
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01

ANTI-LABOR FUND o. ST million
is admitted by General Electric
Co. President Charles E. Wilson,
who told joint profits subcom-
mittee in Washington his firm
sp n d S that amount yearly
fighting the United Electrical,
Radio & Machine Workers (ClO).
Profits of &c this year will top
Sill million, Wilson testified.
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01

he declared:
eve have taken very be-
nevolent attitude toward Ken
nelly. We will make him a sub
ject of attack if he fails now
to produce on major issues"
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01
Progressives to map
'49 county program

major campaign to repeal the Illinois sales tax is
expected to emerge from the Cook County of the
Progressive Party, Sunday Jan. g.
weekend of planning, to include a meeting of down
state party leaders Saturday. also will map for
The Illinois standard. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1948-1949, 1949-01-01
The 1913 story: profits
profits and more profits

The biggest hidden story of 1948 was the con-
nued sensational rise of corporation profits After payment
of taxes 1913 profits stand the altme peak of SILT
billion
l-Od hands conceaIng the real news, the press
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1949-09-29
Mrs. Branch Hostess
To Womon's Club

The Woman's club held the first
meeting of the year 1949-195O
Tuesday afternoon, September 20,
in the home of Mrs. A. E. Branch
with all members present and sew
eral visitors. The meeting opened
with the reading of the Collect.
The business session was pre-
sided over by the president, Mrs.
M. D. Baine, during which time
the projects chairman announced
that DIR. Bernadine Schmidt of the
State University would lecture in
the high school auditorium Tues
day, October eleventh, at 8 pm.
Since the club is celebrating its
golden jubilee, the first program
was a reproduction Of the organi-
cation of the club fifty years ago.
The skit which was directed by
Mrs. w. p. Taylor, leader for the
afternoon, was taken from the re-
cords of the minutes of the first
meeting of the club that met>Oct-
ober 81, 1899. It was given by
eleven ladies who were dressed in
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1949-09-29

appropriate costumes, represent
ing the eleven charter members.
The program was as follows:
Time: October 81, 1899.
Setting: Parlor in the home of
Mrs. r. S. Clark.
Cast: Mrs. r. S. Clark, Mrs. A.
l.. Stevens: Mrs. Jennie Crane,
Mrs. w. E. McCune; Mrs. d. c.
Roby, Mrs. c. M. Day; Mrs. r. E.
Howard, Mrs. w. A. Henley; Miss
Cecile Ramsey, Mrs. T. S. Hum
phries; Mrs. B. H. Owen, Mrs. r.
c. Elmore; Mrs. w. T. Shurley.
Miss Frances Allen; Miss Cora
Lee Tries, Mrs. j. M. Howard; Mrs.
John Mcdonald, Mrs. c. A. Dos
ter; Miss Annie Lou Clark, Mrs.
w. 7. Hand; Miss Cora West, Mrs.
H. j. Montgomery.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1949-09-29
Mrs. McMohon Hostess
To CostoIion Club

On September q Mrs. Russell
McMahan was hostess to the Cas-
lallan Home Demonstration club
with eighteen members and Miss
Joyce Williams present. Mrs. A.
W. Bouchlllon was welcomed as a
new member. In the absence of
the president, Mrs. H. 7. Hathcock
presided.
The meeting was opened with
the club singing God Bless Am
erica" and My Wild Irish Rose. /"
Devotional from the book of Ma
thew, Mrs. Hathcock. Roll call
was answered with First Day at
School," Minutes were read by
the secretary.
The following officers were
elected for the ensuing year: Mrs.
Forrest lizard, president: Mrs.
Boyd Moss, vice president; Mrs.
II. d. Bouchillon, secretary.
Miss Williams gave a report on
Farm and Home" week, also
plans for the Holmes County Fair
to be held in November. She gave
a demonstration on the selection
buying and care of wool rugs.
Mrs. S. F. Hodges won the
mystery box" Mrs. Audis Hath
cock had charge of recreation.
Mrs. Forrest lizard was winner.
The hostess, assisted by her
daughter, Jane, and Mrs. H. J..
Hathcock, served delicious re-
freshments.
Next meeting will be in the
home of Mrs. George Horne on
the 4th Tuesday in October.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1949-09-29
Society Clubs : Personals
Tuesday Night Club
At Calender Home

Miss Catherine Calender and
Billy Mansfield entertained the
initial meeting of the Tuesday
night bridge club.
DR.. and Mrs. A. A. Derrick. Mr..
and Mrs. Henry Mckenzie. Mr..
and Mrs. Marcus Love, Jr., Mr..
and Mrs. Clay Gum, Miss Ca
Uterine Calender and Billy Mans
field make up the two tables.
Mrs. F. c. Calender and Mrs. M.
j. Fowlkes were guest players.
Mrs. Mckenzie won high score
and Mrs. Fowlkes was second.
Mrs. Calender received third
place.
A delicious sandwich plate and
Cokes were served.
The next meeting will be with
DR.. and Mrs. Derrick.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1949-09-29
PAGE THREE

The program closed with solo,.
Daisies Won't TelP' sung by Mrs
x. F. McRae, accompanied by Mrs
Doster.
"A delightful social hour was
enjoyed by the members. and
three past members, Mrs. Marion
Randle, Mrs. w. H. Jones, and
Mrs. Myrtle Vandiver. Other
guests were Misses Edna Feather.
Edwina Martin, and Louise Oliver.
The Durant news. (Durant, Miss.) 1882-1985, 1949-09-29

Mr.. and Mrs. Joel Gulledge of
Bowling Green spent Tuesday and
Wednesday with their daughter,
Mrs. Ed Rush.
Mr.. Ross Rhyme returned home
Sunday from Oxford where he
had been spending several weeks
with Mr.. and Mrs. Aubrey Seay.
Mrs. J. E. Dollahite and Miss
Alice Hamilton visited in Pickens
Tuesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Deck johnson
went to Kosciusko on business
Wednesday.
Mrs. Joe Daniel of Houston,
Texas, has been visiting in the
home of Miss Daisy May Daniel
and Mrs. Matte Mcdonald. She
will return home Monday. h|