davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-02-14
Scientists Ask Charter
OF Rights for Probes,
Rap Condor Case

SIX prominent scientists To-Day
asked Congress to set up "a mini
mum charter of rights" to protect
the regulations of persons under
Congressional investigation.
They based their plea on the
handling of the case of DR.. Ed
ward U. Condor, director of the
National Bureau of Standards.
Last March the House Commit
tee of Un-American Activities
charged DR.. Condor was one of
the weakest links in our atomic
security" He denied the charge
and asked for but was never given
a hearing before the committee.
The case, the six scientists said,
provides "a striking demonstration
of the harm that can be done to
an individual through the abuse
of Congressional authority" They
said it demonstrated the need for
reform of Congressional investiga-
tionS to prevent 1.-The recurrence
VI QUILL lOllSo
The scientists are Harold c.
Urey, Nobel prize winner, and
Harrison Brown, both of the Uni
versity of Chicago; Phillip M.
Morse, Massachusetts, Institute of
Technology; George B. Pegram,
dean of the Columbia University
Graduate Facilities; Charles Lau-
ritsen, California Institute of
Technology, and John c. Warner.
Carnegie Institute of Technology.
Sponsored Press Survey.
They said the House commit
tees charges against DR.. Condor
were brought and prosecuted ex-
clusively through the press.
AS the minimum rights of a
person whose name has been
drawn into an investigation, the
scientists urge that the person
have the right to testify in his
own behalf within limits, to call
his own witnesses and to cross
examine adverse witnesses and to
be accompanied by counsel.
They also recommend that pho
tographs, motion pictures, televi-
sion, radio land other sensational
media of mass communications" be
barred while the witness is testify
ing.
The scientists sponsored sur
vey of the handling of the news
of DR.. Condon's case by New York
newspapers. The surveys findings.
they said, provide measure of
the hazard to which a citizens
reputation may be exposed when
Congress fails to observe the ele-
mentary rules of fair play.
The survey was said to show:
That the House Committee on
Un- American Activities or its
members were virtually the only
source for all derogatory state
ments about Dr.. Condor which
appeared in the press. In contrast,
statements in DR.. Condon's favor
came from many SOuICeS.
Differences Cited.
That no less than 80 per cent
of the committee attacks of DR..
Condor consisted in accusations of
guilt by association.
In surveying the papers it was
found that there was preponder-
ance of statements favorable to
DR.. Condor. but that this was not
particularly meaningful, since few
persons read all nine New York
newspapers.
More significance was attached
to the differences among the
papers. The survey gave these
percentages of the pro-Condon
and Condor statements in
the individual New York papers.
Evening star., 1949-02-14

a Hungarian peoples court last
week for treason, spying and black
arket activities. Archbishop
Alojzijc Stepinac of Yugoslavia
was sentenced to 16 years at hard
labor in 1916 on charges he COL
laborated with the Axis. Ignatius
of Antioch was sentenced to the
amphitheater, by the mans
around the end of the 1st century
and was torn apart by wild beasts.
Evening star., 1949-02-14
Britain Studies Question
OF Hunoorion Violation

LONDON. Feb. a. (P1.-Min-
ister of State Hector Mcneil sale
today the prosecution of Josef
Cardinal Mindszenty had no re-
semblance to fair trial in terms
understood in this country"
Mr.. Mcneil told the House OF
Commons that was his firm con-
clusion" based on reports OF the
Budapest trial which have
reached London. He said Foreign
Secretary Bevin agrees with him
In reply to a question, Mcneil
said the issue of whether the trial
violated the British peace treaty
with Hungary "is being ex-
amined."
The treaty guaranteed fair
treatment of all elements of Hun
gary's population in its courts.
The British government already
has protested to the Hungarian
government against the nature of
the proceedings.
Evening star., 1949-02-14
Anti-Christian 1yrants
Assai|ed by. Spe||man
By the Associated Press

HAVANA, Cuba, Feb. 14.-Fran-
els Cardinal Spellman yesterday
attacked malicious, cruel, anti
Christian tyrantS" for vicious
persecution of Christians"
The Archbishop of New York
was the chief speaker at the clos
ing session of the Inter-American
Congress of Catholic Action.
Ma tions and names have
changed. he said, "but the pen
atty remains the same for those
who. like Archbishop Stepinac and
Cardinal Mindszenty, in defiance
of tyrants, refuse to deny their
Divine Master. They, too, are
marked for mock trials, destined
like Ignatius of Antioch to become
the wheat of Christ"
Josef Cardinal Mindszenty was
sentenced to life imprisonment by
Evening star., 1949-02-14
Workers for Blind to Meet

The regular monthly meeting
of the District Association OF
Workers for the Blind will be
held at s pm. Thursday at the
Church of the Epiphany, 1917 G
street NV. The Red Cross Motor
Corps will furnish transportation
for those who need it.
Evening star., 1949-02-14

India's coastline is 5000 miles
long.
Evening star., 1949-02-14

The Journal-American published
relatively little on the case. it
was stated, so the figures for it
are less significant than those for
the others.
No less than 81 per cent OF the
published derogatory material
consisted in mere repetition OF
the House committees "baseless
charges" the scientists said. con-
tinuing:
In five of the newspapers they
received more frequent publica-
Evening star., 1949-02-14

grams" expressing "reprobation
for the outrage offered the
church." from cardinals. arch
bishops and bishops of the entire
Catholic world.
Quotes From Cicero.
In an unusual gesture, the Pom
tiff quoted a pagan author, the
Roman Cicero, to underscore the
role of "the sacred principles of
religion" in consolidating and
giving morality to civil life.
He said: The words of the
greatest Roman orator: High
priests, you defend the city more
securely by religion than by its
surrounding walls when applied
to Christian precepts and faith.
is infinitely more true and Ger
tain
The unprecedented assembly
convened six days after Cardinal
Mindszenty was sentenced to life
Imprisonment by Hungarian
peoples court. He was the first
Cardinal in modern times ar
rested while actually wearing the
purple of a prince Of the church.
OF the 16 cardinals attending
today's session. IA from the Vat
lean and two from Italian sees.
The consistory ended shortly
before 10 am, less than a half
hour after it began. The Pope
was reported to have spoken just
over 20 minutes.
The cardinals wore the violet
robes prescribed for consistories.
The Pope was clad in white
wooden robes with rochet and
mozzetta (short cape with orna-
mental hood.
Evening star., 1949-02-14
Mrs. Virginia LIE Roy, S3
Peace Crusader, Dies
By the Assoejoted Press

STREATOR, ILL.,, Feb. 14.-Mrs.
Virginia lie Roy, 80, who crusaded
for peace for decades on lecture
platforms, died yesterday after an
illness of several months.
She was a Chautauqua lecturer
of prominence who stumped the
Evening star., 1949-02-14
'Federate or Perish
Declared Alternatives
For Western Europe
By the Associated Press


MADRID, Feb. IA. Western
Europe must "federate or perish
at the hand of Communism" says
Ramon Serrano Suner, Spain's
wartime foreign minister.
The white-haired brother in
law of Generalissimo Franco,
however, said in an exclusive in
terview that a European feder-
alton could only be imposed by a
strong man." like Hitler, Mus
solini or Napoleon Bonaparte.
Europeans, he said. are too di-
vided by tradition to group to-
gether of their own free will.
But" he added, "they must fed
crate or perish at the hand of
Communism. 1t is a question of
life or death"
The 48-year-old lawyer, who
was second only to his brother-in-
law in political power during the
first five years of the Franco re-
gime, said Spain should have
made concessions to Western
democracy when it emerged vic
torious from World War II.
western democracy" he said,
"won the war. The other coun-
tries of the world must conform,
for none can live long in the iso-
lation to which we are subjected
at the present time"
Franco Criticized.
Mr.. Suner said Franco should
have demanded popular approval
OF his regime in a referendum.
Il believe the overwhelming ma
jority of Spaniards would have
approved the generalissimo and
his regime. The democracies
would have had no reason for
complaint against U.S." 'iH'5t,
Mr.. Suner has been working
with considerable success at his
law business since he was ousted
from the foreign ministry Sep
tember 3. 1912. He still is men,
ber of the national council and
political committee of the Fall
ange, Spain's single state party
Because of these posts he is also
a deputy to the Cortes, the Span
lsh parliament.
Despite his position in the Fa-
lange, Mr.. Suner said of it in the
Swiss edition sof a book of mem
oirs, Between Hendaye and Gil
braltar." published in 1947:
The party, to which many men
of good faith adhered, was hardly
more than a machine for repeat
ing phrases and formulas and
means of securing employment.
This sentence along with much
of the rest of the book was cut
out by censorship when the book
was published in Spain.
Was Friendly with Nazis.
Although he admitted friend
ship for the Nazis for the aid they
had given Spain during the civil
war, Suner said he preferred the
Italians because they were Latins
and closer to the Spanish tenn
perament.
He defended his policy of tight
ening relations with the Nazis with
the question, what would you
have done with the all-powerful
German armies camped on your
frontier?"
Among the democratic gestures
he felt the regime should make,
he said, were freedom of criticism
and the formation of political
parties "by those who accept Ger
tain fundamental points such as
love of the fatherland, the unity
of the fatherland and the primacy
of the Catholic church as the
state religion"
This, he said, was similar to
the reasons behind the anti-Com-
munist wave in the United States.
Your policy is to grant de-
mocracy to all those who accept
and believe in democracy. /
Mr.. Suner said he hopes to visit
the United States this year to
study the American administrative
system. He visited France last
summer.
Evening star., 1949-02-14

ton than the very large number
and variety Of statements made
in DR.. Condon's defense. Sig
nificantly these five newspapers
outweigh the other four in cir
culation by nearly threes to one.
Evening star., 1949-02-14
CeciIio AIumnue Dance Sci

The Saint Cecilia's Academy
Alumnae Association will hold its
annual dance at 10 pm. Friday
in the Washington Room OF the
Washington Hotel.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29
The Farmers Angle
FORMER SOUTH DAKOTA FARMER UNIONIST REVIEWS
HIGH POINTS OF BRANNAN AGRICULTURAL PLAN
horns King Cotton rides herd.

horns King Cotton rides herd.
The key to the whole farm prob
lem today is keeping farm income
for the lower two-thirds of the farm.
ers up high enough so the hungry
wolf will keep his distance from the
farmers door. The hungry wolf rep
resents tractor fuel, seed, fertilizer,
rent, taxes, interest, living costs
operating expenses. If farm income
is not kept up the wolf will be up
tearing a leg off the farmer every
time he comes out of the house to
turn wheel. 1t is doubtful if the
Brannan program is too concerned
about the real small farmers those
who are the worst off.
On the whole there will be a
tough fight to get any sort of a de-.
cent farm program. Much tougher
than the progressive minded farm
ers who go along with Truman and
Brannan think. They will have to
get lot of support from outside
of their own ranks. They should
appeal to labor, now with foot in
the Taft-Hartley bear trap. The
labor leaders should not find it
difficult to win their memberships
over to a farm program that will
mean lower prices for consumers.
With labor support for the farm
measures the farmers will more
readily support labor's demand for
the repeal of Taft-Hartley and the
re-enactment of the Wagner Act.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29
By ROSCOE FLEMING
Denver Post Columnist

Never has a major United States
program been so riddled as the Hoo
yer Commission task force on natur-
al resources has riddled the Pick
Sloan project in the Missouri Basin.
All past criticism pales, compared
with that in the detailed analysis now
out
Our little local and congressional
politicians have defended Pick-Sloan
and even extolled it. Our little gov
errors have stood up and praised it
like children reciting for candy.
Critics have, been ordered to go way
back and sit down, and loftily told
they didn't know what they were
talking about.
Now a body that includes such
members as former Governor Carr of
Colorado, and Miller of Wyoming,
doubles all previous criticism in
spades. The best they can say for
it, is that Pick-Sloan will do some
good.
They say in effect that this gigan-
tic project which can mean progress
or stagnation throughout one-sixth
of the Nations area, is run by people
so bedeviled by haste and lack of
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29

running about $500 million week.
But the President has asked for only
$500 million for federal aid to edu-
cation for the entire next fiscal year.
These figures highlight the social
costs of the cold war. It's economic
costs are equally detrimental to the
welfare of the people.
COLD WAR expenditures in 1947
and 1913 postponed a postwar eco
nomic decline. But they did not pre-
vent this decline from getting under
way in the fourth quarter of last
year.
Increased military expenditures on
the scale advocated by the Truman
administration may help slow the
decline but cannot be expected to
check it. Declining food consump-
ton will not be halted by bigger
orders for munitions. Shrinking
power will not be boil
stored by higher taxes.
TO PREVENT the present down.
ward slide from developing into a
full-dress depression the administra-
ton should be tightening the tax
burden of the people, creating
greater purchasing power through
higher unemployment and social Sc
curity benefits, and supporting the
need of the workers for higher
wages.
Instead, the administration is dis
the warning signals being
flashed by the economy.-The Union.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29
HOOVER REPORT EXPOSES ARMY engineers
DICTATORSHIP OVER PICK-SLOAN PROGRAM

data, that it's almost miracle when
they are as much as rs percent right.
(And as we know, these mistakes al
ways result in underestimate cost,
and over-estimated benefits.)
They say that present estimates in
dictate a cost of $6,300,000, or $40
an acre for the whole basin area, on
a project that started out at $685.
100000 (Note-If all Agriculture
Department recommendation are in
cluded, the cost may be nearer $10,-
OO0,OOO,000. And some irrigation
plans may cost $500 an acre. One
actually is estimated at $263.)
They say Pick-Sloan was no more
planned than if a group of architects,
each assigned to work separately on
his own wing of a big building,
should decide later to join up their
sections and clay on facilities for
heat, water, electricity, and elevators
after the rest had been planned"
They are talking, remember, about
the most gigantic land-and-water re-
Mobilization scheme in human history.
It's good or bad accomplishment can
mean permanent progress, or stag
nation, for our valley. 1t will also
affect the Nations safety.
Yet the report portrays "a "par-
ticipating" federal agencies as pull
ing and hauling all over the basin,
duplicating, contradicting, back-bit-
ing; each having to go back to Wash
lngton for final instructions, and in
many cases clear to Congress. There
are so many thousands of federal
workers that they almost stumble
over each other.
We hardly realize either, here in
the semi-arid West, that out of this
anarchy one agency has seized a sort
of temporary dictatorship. (The re-
port, more polite, calls it "domi-
nance.") This dominant" agency
is the Corps of Army Engineers, per-
haps least fit of all to understand, to
appreciate, or to dominate" the
problems and the solutions of our
arid West, where water conservation
is all-important.
Maybe We'll realize at last why
down-river interests conferred at
Omaha and Kansas City, which have
always regarded the Missouri River
as their private property, have had
hat SNUG cat-that-ate-th e-canary air
about the way this Pick-Sloan thing
las gone SO far.
We westerners have relied on the
o-called O'Mahoney- Millikin amend
nent which purports to save for dry
and uses, water that originates west
# the ninety-eighth meridian. But
he report points out that no one
an tell whether this provision is in
ICED constitutional and can be en-
orced-barring a court test which is
ure to come.
So far the enormous and tragic
leaning the West-of the re-
ort seems to have fallen on deaf
ars. For example, Gov. Val Peter
on of Nebraska, merely says all
1at's wrong with Pick-Sloan is that
either the Army nor the Bureau of
exclamation has enough men or
loney to give Nebraska everything
wants. Heaven help the West, if
lch statesmen represent its best de-
ense.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29
No nOafhs" I'm Britain

Prime Minister Clement r. Attlee
of Great Britain has rejected sug-
gestion by Conservatives that loyal
ty oaths be required of all civil serv-
ants. Pointing out that such oaths
do not protect the nation, Attlee told
the House of Commons that 81 should
not have thou ht myself that a per-
son who was preparing to engage in
treason would boggle at an oath or
two"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29

Frankfurt, Germany, April 6-An
aggressive political party with many
of the trappings and principles of
the Nazis is rising in western Ger
many, official Allied intelligence re-
ports showed today.
Intelligence officers, citing docu-
ments from their files, said the small
but growing German Rightist party
DRIP is in many respects a neo-
Nazi movement.-G. F. Tribune.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29

80 per cent thing :. will give rig
idity that seems to me inconsistent
with the proposition which l stated
in the beginning of the answer to
this question:, And in February,
Roger Fleming, Farm Bureau Wash
ington representative, told the joint
committee on the economic report
that wheat prices should be adjusted
so it will move as livestock and "To
set a price for wheat as though the
whole production was going to move
as food grains is inconsistent with
the probable future situation"
Union labor is fighting to increase
the support price of members so they
can buy the farmers products which
must have a support price floor high
enough to insure the farmer a profit
This is the fight the Farmers Union
is making. Help them by giving your
active support.
Is your mother, sister, wife and
brother registered? How about
your friends? Have you asked
your friends to subscribe to the
Voice so they will know the facts?
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29

sification of the cold war threatens
the economic well-being of the ma
ton.
Chairman Edwin G. Nourse of the
Presidents Council of Economic Ad-
visers recently called attention to the
economic dangers inherent in the de-
veloping cold war. Specifically, he
warned that the addition of North
Atlantic lend-lease to the currently
projected SIS billion in military ex-
penditures "would contribute to the
need for additional taxes or to the
making of a budget deficit"
BEHIND THIS LANGUAGE is
Nourse's fear that the cold war is
the economic strength
and social fabric of the country. He
emphasized his disagreement with the
notion that "the present scale of mil
itary expenditure is really good for
the economy and that a few billions
more would be better"
The fact is that the cold war has
held down the necessary expansion
of the nations resources and limited
it's social services far below the pres
ent minimum needs of the American
people. Not only have living stand
ards been cut by the initiation
spanked in 1947 and 1913 by the cold
war-and by heavy direct and hid
den taxes to pay for its costs, but
the development of resources to raise
the future living standards of the
people have been badly neglected.
Military expenditures are now
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29
PARTNER APES SEN. TAFT

Cincinnati. = John Clippinger, a
law partner of Sen. Robert A. Taft,
told a Cincinnati Newspaper Guild
(CIO) negotiating committee that
newspaper pay is-and should be
lower than rates paid hodcarriers
here because newspaper work is so
much more pleasant and easy. Clip
pinger is attorney for the Times
Star.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29

be ground out af-
ter the wheels of
congress get to
turning. Already
the spokesman for
the interests who
would throw two
thirds of the our
farmers to wolves
have turned their
guns on the fea-
lures of the pro-
gram most help
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1949-04-29
The Cold War Versus PEOPLES Welfare

The economics of the cold war
have decisive bearing on the pres
ent and future welfare of the Amer
lean people. During the first two
years of the cold war, the cost was
1922 billion. The cost during the
current year will be $11.6 billion.
The total for the first three years
of cold war will thus be about $24
billion. This estimate of the cold
wars cost is given by US. News &
World Report and includes the in
crease in military expenditures since
the announcement of the Truman
doctrine, expenditures of the Mar
shall plan and the proposed lend
lease shipments to the members of
the North Atlantic pact.
U. S. News and World Report
points out that these huge expendi-
lures have made it necessary to cur
tail essential civilian projects. The
public schools, for example, are in
such a state of dis-repair that one
official estimate puts the need for
new school buildings at over $40
billion.
ADDITIONAL TENS of billions
are needed to improve roads and
develop the potentialities
of the nations major river basins,
halt soil erosion and repair the ma
TONS damaged timber resources.
The cold war is thus frustrating
the American peoples hopes for
postwar era of prosperity and hap
piness. More than that, the inten-