davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
Schism Between GI0
And Bridges Widens

WASHINGTON LPA) - The
gulf between the CIO and Presi-
dent Harry Bridges of the Long
shoremen e. Warehousemen con-
tinued to widen last week.
Newest factor in the rift is
Bridges acceptance of the presi-
dency of the new International
Union of Seamen and Dockers,
an affiliate of the Communist
dominated World Federation of
Trade Unions.
That action, the CIO News
pointed out this week, is in de-
fiance of a clear policy" laid
down by the CIO executive
board that no affiliate, officer
or board member Of the CIO
shall have any organizational
relationship with the WFTU or
any of its agencies"
Bridges was under fire, too,
for getting his own Local 10 at
San Francisco to put over a res
olution barring the California
edition of the CIO News from
the Locals headquarters and
from distribution at any of its
meetings. Bridges at the time
called that edition descriptive
and purveyor of false informa-
ton" and said it never in any
way" supports the battles of the
Longshoremen.
A blast against Bridges at
tempted gag on the paper came
from William A. Mills, a leader
in the Newspaper Guild and edi-
tor of the California edition.
II wish to protest emphati-
cally," Mills said, "this attempt
to suppress the edition. news
paper which has upheld and pro-
NOTED the economic interests of
all CIO affiliates."
Mills also sent Bridges a
sheaf of clippings to show that,
contrary to Bridges claims, the
California edition had supported
the Longshoremen in all strug-
giles with employers.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05

needy trade unionists abroad
carried on by the CIO-CSC.
Reductions in wholesale food
prices have enabled CARE to
offer this new package for
guaranteed delivery in eleven
European countries at the price
of $3.50 CARE will continue to
carry its big 22la pound SIC
food parcel, which was recently
increased in content value, Mr.
Perlis stressed. In addition
however, he pointed out, "the
new CARE Thrift Package
makes ii easier for American
workers who are now beginning
to feel the temporary recession
In their own take-home pay. to
continue their individual aid
work either in the form of con-
tributions to the CIO-CSC or in
form of a package sent to a
designated ADDRESS.
Like CARES other food and
textile packages, the CARE
$3.50 Thrift Package" can be
ordered for guaranteed delivery
in Austria, Belgium. Czechoslo-
vakia, Finland, France, Great
Greece, the Western
Zones of Germany and all of
Berlin, Italy, the Netherlands
and Norway. either through any
CIO local union, through the
CIO Community Services Com
1776 Broadway, New
York 10, or directly through the
CIO Consultant, Labor Section.
CARE, cooperative for Ameri-
can Remittances to Europe, Inc. }
20 Broad Street, New York 5.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
Cites Need For
HOUSING Aids

Despite the pressing housing
need, a showdown in the sale of
new homes is reported from
many cities because of the in
ability of middle income families
to afford housing units being
placed on the market, the C1O
Economic Outlook said today.
Changes have to be intro
duced in the means and methods
of supplying new dwellings if
the housing problem is to be
solved in a reasonable time"
the Outlook said. I'm order to
approach a sufficient supply of
minimum-s standard, decent hous-
ing for the lower and middle
income families of this country,
it is necessary that they have
financial aid, such as is contain
ed in the Housing Act of 1949
and in the propose Mitchell
Middle Income Housing Act of
1949 and in the propose Mitchell
Middle Income Housing Bill.
"A nation which has led the
worll in smashing all types of
industrial bottlenecks will not
go along with a primitive and
out-moded housing industry. The
housing needs of America call
for a new chapter in the history
of the industrial revolution.
The Outlook noted that the
"middle-income" housing pro-
gram (HR 4458) proposed by
Representative Mitchell Cd.
WashD would help "check the
down-tred in private housing
construction and help middle in
come families" through low-in.
terest federal loans to non-pro-
fit organizations and corpora
tions for home construction.
The Housing Act of 1949, the
Outlook pointed out, will pro-
vide for about $4,000 new
housing units a year for the next
six years, but total "of about
100000 dwelling units" are
required to meet real demand.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
GOPers Snipe At
Labor Extension
Bill At Heurinqs

WASHINGTON GPA) - The
proposal for a Labor Extension
Service in the Labor Department
moved one step nearer to reality
last week, as the House Labor
Committee completed hearing
from supporters of the plan.
CIO Sec. Treas. James B. Car
ey, AFL Legislative Representa-
tive Walter Mason, Grand Lodge
Representative George r. Nelson
of the Machinists, and w. D..
johnson representing the Rail
way Labor Executive Associa-
ton all appeared to back the
idea.
Mason indicated that the AFL
Education Committee had few
changes to propose in the bill
supported by CIO, lam and rail
labor, to centralize more power
over the program in the Labor
Department.
Republican members of the
committee, who apparently are
opposed to the whole idea that
workers should study how to be
better citizens and better union
lists, confined themselves to snip
ing attacks on the measures
sponsors.
They dragged out couple of
chestnuts that had last been seen
in the Both Congress, including
the General Motors Corp. charge
that labor extension division of
the University of Michigan was
Communist" and revived ac
counts of plays and prose attrib'
uted to sponsors of the bill 18-
odd years ago.
Replying to the charges lev
eled at the u. of Michigan
courses, Acting Education Direc-
tor Brendan Sexton of the United
Auto Workers (CIO) charged
that GIN had sent spy into an
extension service class, and that
there were several Michigan
Bell Telephone Co. executives in
the same course who defended
the teaching and content of the
classes against the GIN charges.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
Steel Union
Makes Demands
Continued from Page l

disqualification insurance for
workers and their families.
Surgical fees for workers and
their families up to $500 for any
one operation.
Murray In his presentation
scornfully referred to the $70,-
323 year pensions provided
for top executives, as contrast
ed with the present US Steel
pension program averaging SIS a
month for retired workers.
Lattimer, the pension expert,
told of study of US Steel pen
sioners who were found to re-
ceive less than So month,
though their average length of
service for the corporation was
slightly over "a years.
"The history OF pensions In
the US Steel Corp. Is a history
OF steady retrogression from the
brave beginnings OF Andrew
Carnegie" the union said.
Murray recalled another chap
ter in the battles between big
steel and its workers when he
told the fact-finders of the in
dustry's refusal TO bargain in
good faith In the 30's. He recall
ed the Memorial Day Massacre
just IL years ago at Republic
Steel's South Chicago mill.
Early last week, the 35-man
board OF United SteelworkerS
voted TO file non-Communist af-
fidavits with the NLRB, as re-
quired by the Taft Hartley law
OF unions that wish TO use MI
RIBS facilities.
Murray, Vice-presldent James
Thimmes, and Secretary-treas-
urer David J. Macdonald all
filed affidavits in Washington
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
TT Act Big Issue
For Typos Here

OAKLAND, Calf. (LPA) -
A battle over policy to be pur-
sued in fighting the Taft-Hartley
act will highlight a crucial con-
vention of the 99-year-old Init
Typographical u n i on A F L
which gets under way here
August 13. 1t will be the 91st
conclave in the long history OF
the Typos and is slated to last a
week.
Union officials, backed by
membership vote, have waged a
militant drive against the fangs
of the TIL law. They have re-
fused to sign the TIL type of
contracts which they said, would
jeopardize union shop conditions
almost century old.
Disputes with publishers over
the issue have led to series of
strikes and lockouts. In self
defense, the unions members
voted strike assessments, starting
originally at n of / per cent,
later raised to 5 per cent of their
pay.
= Since 1946 members have paid
close to $20,000,000 into the de-
fense funds, Secretary Treasurer
Don Hurd's convention report
disclosed. Almost $13, 800 900
has been expended in the strug-
gle, mostly for strike benefits.
The 20-months Chicago strike
has taken nearly $l1, 100000 of
that.
Officers reports to the con-
vention carried some dramatic
figures on progress achieved
through the union. Average
earnings of printers last year
reached $4,56S, compared with
$1,719 in the depression year of
1888. Average age of ITU mem
bers at death climbed to a new
high of $685. years. A half CEN
tury ago members died at an av-
erage of AZ years.
"The increase in life expec-
fancy for union printers" the
union said, may be attributed
to better working conditions,
shorter working hours, and the
better living conditions which
higher wages make possible.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
Appeal Ruling
On Rent Law

CHICAGO (LPA)-The fed
eral government is appealing
the decision of a federal dis
trict Judge here that the 1949
rent control law is unconstitu-
tional. Meanwhile, until the
Supreme Court can rule, rent
control officials sent out word
to tenants and landlords alike
that the law is still in effect.
Federal District Judge Elwyn
r. Shaw ruled hat the section
of the law permitting state gov
erning bodies to remove all
controls within their borders
was an improper delegation of
authority.
Word from Housing Expeditor
Tighe Woods in Washington was
that Rights of tenants against
eviction and over charge, and
rights of landlords under the
adjustment provisions of the act
will continue as heretofore.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
Congress Starts
WorkOn Bill To
House Workers

WASHINGTON (LPA)-Com-
mittees in both houses of Con-
gress have begun work on a new
housing bill, strongly supported
by organized labor and other
liberal groups, designed TO pro-
vide housing within the finan-
cial reach of workers in the
. middle income brackets.
Both the AFL and CIO threw
their support behind the new
measure as hearings opened last
week before the House and Sen
ate banking committees. They
both emphasized that the recent
ly enacted housing law would
provide chiefly for low-income
groups and that additional legis-
lation was needed TO help mid
die income families get decent
housing.
The new legislation, endorsed
by more than so members Of the
House, would provide billion
dollars for long-term, low inter
est loans to housing cooperatives
10 bring down the cost of hous-
ing for families with incomes
between $4,000 and $4,000 a
year.
Testimony was presented on
behalf Of the CTO by John Edel-
man, OF the Textile Workers I'm
ion, and Leo Goodman, Director
of the CIO National Housing
Committee. They said the CO.
operative houslng g legislation
"could become the greatest
single step forward not only In
the field of housing In this
country but will become a mile
stone in the social. economic and
spiritual history of our people. ="
Statistics compiled by the CIO
research department were pre-
sented TO the committee showing
that In the past three years,
while IA million new dwelling
units were started In this coun-
try, there were six million mar
riages which created additional
pressure for new homes.
In addition 10 the coopera-
tive housing provisions. the new
bill carries authorization for dis
posing of the governments war
built housing, and direct loans
10 veterans for housing
Raymond M Foley. Federal
Housing Administrator, recon-
mended the other sections of the
bin, but was lukewarm on the
cooperative provisions, and rec
commended a number of changes
IN the legislation. He opposed
one of the proposals most warm
ly supported by the unlons-the
creation OF separate agency to
foster cooperative housing.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05

Fair Employment Practices bill
by a decisive IA to IL. This
latter bill stands an excellent
chance of passage in the lower
house, observers here feel, even
though there may be fight to
get it to the House floor.
However, even if the FEPC
bill is passed by the House of
Representatives it is doubtful
whether either bill can survive
the Senate where southern Sen
ators are sure to oppose either
or both with the filibuster if all
else fails. Nevertheless, there is
at least a possibility that the
Southern Senators might let the
anti-poll tax bill go through
If only to stave off the rest of
the Fair Deals civil rights pro-
gram.
The anti-poll tax bill does not
outlaw the poll tax itself as a
means of raising revenue, its
supporters are quick to point
out. The bill merely outlaws the
tax as qualification for voting.
The bill also outlaws any kind
of tax on registration for voting
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
Tof+'s Fake Yarn
Riddled By Union

WASHINGTON (LPA) - An
other anti-labor whopper spread
by Senator Taft of Ohio in his
campaign against the trade un-
ion movement has been pune
tured.
Taft, in a speech on the Sen
ate floor and in subsequent
broadcaSts. declared that a small
town Ohio printer was barred
from membership in the Inter
national Typographical U n n
(AFL) and frozen from jobs in
Youngstown because he had
learned his trade in a non-union
shop.
That horrible example," Taft
insisted, showed that there must
be legislation curbing the closed
shop and protecting the civil
rights" of individuals who seek
employment in union shops.
youngstown Local 200 of the
ITU promptly exposed Taft's
example" as a complete fake.
President M. NJ. Martin of Local
200, in a letter to Senator HUI
bert H. Humphrey Cd, Mimi
declared that ito the best of my
knowledge no printer has ever
been denied membership in this
local in the more than 65 years
of its existence because he had
learned his trade in a non-union
shop"
No branch of the ITU any
where has ever had the policy
of barring membership to print
ers who came up through non
union shops, Martin added. He
presented a tabulation of mem
bers initiated in the Youngstown
local during the past IL years.
Half of these learned the trade
in non-union shops, the tabula-
ton showed.
Equally false, Martin said,
was an assertion by Taft that
every shop in Youngstown is a
un ion shop" Unfortunately,
there are at least eight printing
firms in Youngstown which are
open shop" he pointed out.
eve are glad Senator Taft
pointed his finger at us because
it gives us an opportunity of
showing how ridiculous some of
these false charges against our
great union really are" Martin
added
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
Ahsenieeism Is Crime
In Russia; May Result
In Six.Monih Sentence

GENEVA (LPA) - A probe
of slave labor in the Soviet I'm
ion was requested by the United
Nations Economic e. Social
Council last week after British
delegates introduced evidence
that made denials by Russian
UNESCO members seem point
less.
The British produced a copy
of the Forced Labor Codex of
the Soviet government, translat-
ed into English for the first time.
Under the Russian law there are
three kinds of forced labor: at
the workers normal place of
employment, in exile and in a
place of detention.
Forced labor right in the fac
tory where someone's already
working is the usual punishment
for breaches of labor discipline,
the worst being absenteeism, 1t
is counted as absenteeism il a
workman loses even 20 minutes
by arriving late, leaving early
or taking too long for lunch. A
worker put on forced labor
basis (from one to six months
for such a crime) takes a terrific
cut in pay.
An even greater crime Is dis
agreeing with the theories of the
Soviet leaders. For this a work
er may be sent away to labor
colonies where he will be re
educated"
According to the code, work
ers may be sentenced to these
colonies without a trial, either
by sentence in a court of law"
or by decree of an administra-
tive organ. The administrative
organ is not defined.
There are various kinds of
work camps, some more like
jails than others. Anyone show
ing INSTRUMENTATION in one is
transferred to worse one. Peo-
pie who show active resistance
are put into solitary confine-
ment.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
CARE Package
Cost Reduced

NEW YORK-CIO members
throughout the country are
availing themselves in ever
greater numbers of the new
CARE Thrift Package" in aid
ing their friends and relatives
abroad, it was announced by Leo
Perlis, executive director of the
CIO Community Services Com
mittee, after a general check-up
of recent CIO contribution to
the far-reachlng aid program to
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
Who Said This?

Los ANGELES (LPA) -
"Sales managers, vice presidents
and presidents have shiny pants
from Matching profits on cush-
ioned chairs" corporation pres
ident Charles Luckman charged
at a Chamber of Commerce
luncheon here last week. There
Is no longer any valid excuse
for not making good on our
promissory notes to the Ameri-
can consumer" Luckman heads
Lever Bros. Company, multi
million dollar soap manufactur-
ers.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05

-
turity measure demanded by !
CIO and many other groups
So far, the House Ways and
Means Committee has voted ID
10 10 to restore social security
benefits to 100000 "self-em-
oloyed" workers who were cut
IF from benefits by the Gear
hart bill which the 80th Con-
rress passed over President Tru-
mans veto.
The Gearhart bill barred So
rial security payments to self
Employed sales n, truck
drivers and taxi drivers who
work for a commission. Inc
Ways and Means Committee
vote was on repeal of the bill
Ex-C Congressman Gearhart (R.,
Calif.) himself was, as one OBJ:
server put it, repealed" last
fall by the voters.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
Poll Tax Banned By House,
But Hope Is Dim In Senate

WASHINGTON (LPA)The House of Representatives last
passed outawing the poll tax requirement for
voting federal elections by smashing 23 to ll6 Ihs the
fifth bill which the House has passed
later the
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1949-08-05
Better Social Security
Law Looks Long Way Off

WASHINGTON (LPA)-Although first move was made
he other 6ay toward improving the social security law
has long way 60 produce the kind of social
,- by Truman, the AFL, the
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-07-01

into the winter dry, and early spring this
year was also dry. AS a result, few weeds
terminated last fall and neither wheat nor
weeds were making much of a showing
this spring until the rainy period the last
week of May. This rain saved the wheat
crop but also started a healthy weed crop.
The wheat was in the boot stage before
ground equipment could be driven over the
fields.
And the boot stage, according to avail
able information, is a dangerous time to
treat .an with 2,4-D. Application of the
cher e. when the head is forming may
CO 0ssSFformities. This, of course, would
cesASight decreases in yields.
SS we went put to the Miller place to
J TX at the situation. 1t was just as we had
told-plenty of weeds, and the wheat
in the boot stage. Bunting and Miller con-
cluded that despite the stage of growth of
the wheat, unless the weeds were killed out
soon there wouldn't be any wheat there
anyway.
The possibility of damage to the wheat
was still there, however, so Bunting sug-
gested a visit to the Central Montana
branch experiment station at nearby Moe
casin.
Jim Krall, assistant %agronomist at the
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-07-01

1T ISN'T EVERY farmer with a weed
control problem who has the chance to 60
to the county agent, the experiment station
and return to the farm to apply the find
ings all in the same day. This story started
when your reporter stopped in to see Owen
Bunting, Fergus county agent at Lewis
town.
Mike Miller, whose sons are now oper-
ating the farm north Of Lewistown, was
asking questions. The same question was
being asked by hundreds of other farmers
with winter wheat this spring, "Will we
hurt the crop by spraying it now"
about 200 acres of our winter wheat is
full of fanweed already in the blossom
stage, besides some rabbit ear mustard"
said Miller. "The weeds are ready to spray
but the ground is too wet for us to get into
the fields with a spray rig for three or four
days.
Maybe we could have it sprayed by plane
during a break in this rainy spell but what
worries me is whether the wheat is too high
to stand the chemical now. 1t looks like it's
well in the boot stage and that's supposed
to be a dangerous time to spray"
Miller explained what is no doubt a
familiar story to most farmers in winter
wheat areas of the state. The wheat went
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-07-01

Drawing above by Krall shows wheat plant in stage
D of top photo series. Drawing was made from
microscopic slide and is enlarged about 200 times.
Once the cell brick work Of the head is laid down.
as illustrated here. Krall believes no appreciable
damage can occur from use Of 2.4-D until the head
starts to come out of the sheaf and blossoms appear.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-07-01

Below. left. Mike Miller. Fergus county. asks Owen Bunting. county agent if
the wheat he is holding is too big 20 spraYs safely for weed control With 24D.
Bunting takes h question 10 Jim Kran. seen in center photo. in weed
Miller got al airplane spray operator to com ot and do the job he anne
~ Montana erLstokman Photos
Milford chronicle., 1949-08-12
Lions SGUe Sight
Of Milford Girl
Result OF Recent Service
Clubs Fund Rails
ing Drive

A child of the Milford area, whose
sight was impaired as result of a
serious injury to her eyes, will
again enjoy good vision-thanks to
the generosity of Milford area res
idents who contributed last spring
to the Sight Conservation Fund
raising Drive of the Milford Lions.
The child recently stuck a sharp
instrument in one eye and it was
first believed that the sight in the
injured eye would be lost and Wis
ion in the uninjured eye would be
impaired. The case was subse-
quently called to the attention of
members of the local Lions Club,
who, in turn. arranged for trans
portation of the child and it's mo-
ther to Wills Eye Hospital, Phila-
delphia, swhere specialists advised
that ali operation, plus post-Opera-
tion treatment, could repair the
damage done. Funds for this Oper-
alton and subsequent treatment
were provided from the Lions
Sight Conservation Fund and to-
day, the child is at home, recover
ing from the operation that. ap-
parently saved its sight.
Milford chronicle., 1949-08-12
Y. T. W. Set To
Aid Vets With
G. |. Dividends
Action Taken At Meeting
Of Council Of Admins
tratiOn Held In Milford
Last Monday Evening.

At a meeting of the Council of
Department of
Delaware, Veterans of Foreign
Wars, held here in the Milford Com
munity Building the past Monday
evening, department officers an
nounced that the Veterans of For
eigR Wars will make use of every
department, district, and post ia
cility to assist in the distribution
of applications for n. S. L. /. divi-
dends to eligible Delaware veter-
ans. Richard E. Rayne, depart
ment commander, requested that
everyone of the states thirty-two
v. F. w. posts provide distribution
points, where veterans might OBJ
tain the application forms, and al
so asked that each post provide
qualified personnel to assist veter-
ans in filling out the forms.
Herbert Willis, department SER
vice officer, displayed a sample
copy of the dividends application,
calling attention of all to the fact
that it consisted of three parts, one
of which is to be retained by the
veteran and the other two parts
to be sent to a designated Office of
the insurance section of the Veter-
ans Administration. OF the two
leontinued on paga ID