davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-09-23
BorkIey's Medal
| Worth Only $3.50
| If Melted Down
BY the Assotioted Press

If Vice President Barkley ever
nelts down that $4,000 gold med
al Congress voted to give him he
will find it is worth only about
i450.
1t will come in $40 leather
case. The manufacturing cost
will be $40. The rest of the
money. $1,500, will go to the
The Chronicle star the Moss Point advertiser., 1949-12-16
BY Mrs. Louis Linder

Midnight mass viii be held al
the Sacred Heart church Christ
mas Eve. A catechism class is
held at the church each Friday
afternoon.
Mrs. Matte Foster. Mobile, vis-
tied Mrs. Havoc over the week
end.
Mrs. d.. M. Rice, Mrs. Lewis
Breitnback, Mrs. Larue Rice and
Mrs. Rosetta Rogers. Vancleave,
visited Mr.. and Mrs. Freddie Rice
Sunday.
S. j. Odom, Chronicle, Ala,
spent Wednesday afternoon with
the Rev. and Mrs. d, A. Waters.
Mr.. and Mrs. v. W. Stephens,
Pete Norton and Mr.. and Mrs.
Afford Sphers. G%ulfport, visited
Mr.. and Mrs. l. l.. Kelly Sunday
Pvt. Clifton A. Linder and Cpl
Forest Dixon, Gunters Field,
Montgomery, Ala, visited the for
mer's parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Louis
Linder Thursday.
The Chronicle star the Moss Point advertiser., 1949-12-16

provided new hope for writ-hun-
CRY prisoners. In it the court de-
cided the eonvicts had been held
too long between the time of ar
rest and arraignment. The last
big habeas corpus push came aft
er the decision in the Tony Marine
case in 1947. That too involved the
issue of lack of proper legal
counsel.
Vinson says the burden on the
Supreme Court could be relieved
if the states and lower courts
would see that prisoners always
got a habeas corpus hearing
where il was justified. But the
lower courts have found their
The Chronicle star the Moss Point advertiser., 1949-12-16
News From Bayou Casctte >.
Midnight Mass To Be Conducted
Christmas Eve Al Sacred Heart

Mrs. Lee Hutchinson arrived
Monday from a visit with her
mother, Mrs. j. ". Buxton, in
Wayne county.
Visits Husband
Mrs. Ralph Tillman visited her
husband in Gulfport Sunday. Mr..
Tillman is attached to an ell boat
that keeps him on duty 20 days
a month.
ELDER Nander King, Vestry, Wis
tied Mrs. Hazel Locker Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Denny, Pas
cagoula, spent the weekend with
Mr.. and Mrs. 0. d.. Hutchinson,
Breaks Leg
Oscar Hutchinson broke his leg
Thursday and is in the county
hospital. Little Anne Brown suf-
fered a broken left arm. Dannie
Scism has been i'll with pneumon-
ia and Abel Howard is also on
the sick list.
Mr.. and Mrs. K. r. Wbatley.
Morgan City, La, spent last week
with the formers parents, Mr..
The Chronicle star the Moss Point advertiser., 1949-12-16

and came up with a solution to
the problem Of how to keep their
kids in clothes. Their answer::t a
cooperative.
The five sets of parents formed
a twin club, and agreed to pass
on to other mothers and fathers
of double editions any clothes
their children. outgrew. In turn,
they want parents of older twins
to join the club and hand castoffs
down to them. =
The Chronicle star the Moss Point advertiser., 1949-12-16
THE Associated Press

W dSlilIElbI lilt iANAA AHAitH~
minded supreme courts determ-
ined effort to protect the rights Of
prisoners has brought it a peck Of
trouble.
Many of its decisions in the
past II years have provided con-
victs with new legal arguments
to secure writs Of habeas corpus.
When such writs are granted. the
prisoner or his attorney is given
a new hearing in the lower court.
IN rare instances the court, after
reviewing the record of the case,
grants a new trial. In a few cases,
prisoners are set free il the prose-
cutting attorney decides that the
state no longer has a good legal
case against the convicted man.
Hope For Speedy Release
So writs of habeas corpus rep
resent most prisoners sole hope
for a speedy release. When the
Supreme Court became more and
more critical of lower or local po-
lice officials who it felt violated
a prisoners constitutional rights,
the prisoners heard about it and
promptly took advantage of it.
Chief Justice Vinson said re-
Gently that the Supreme Court in
its last term received ASS petit
iions from state Or federal pris-
oners who claimed there was
something illegal about their con-
vicfions or their treatment in Jail.
Only % such petitions were e
ceived by the high court in 1880.
The prisoners often act on their
own, without help of a lawyer.
They frequently write informal,
peneiled notes to the court. Wins
son said that SO out of 100 Of them
have little or no legal merit. Yet
all that are received have to be
given a number and full consid-
Grafton. Nearly all of them are
and Mrs. p. A. Whatley. They left
Saturday for cambridge, Ga, to
spend Christmas with Mrs. What
ley's mother, Mrs. j. r. Bolton,
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas f. Linder
are visiting his mother, Mrs. A.
II. Under.
Miss Betty 10 Brown, New Or
leans. spent the weekend at home
with her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. +.
A. Brown.
Mrs. Louis Under spent SAT
in Mobile where Miss De
lores Under is undergoing med
zeal treatment. Miss Nora Seovel
was also in Mobile Saturday.
Elder Durham Visits
Elder p. N. Durham spent Sun
day in the community visiting.
lie was the dinner guest of Mr..
and Mrs. d. o. Stringfellow.
MI. and Mrs. William Waller
have moved into the new home
they recently built.
Little Monroe Ugas and Laura
Crawford will arrae home this
week from Jackson where they
attend the school for the blind.
They will spend the holidays with
their parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Henry
and Mrs. Ola Ives and other
relatives.
The Chronicle star the Moss Point advertiser., 1949-12-16
Hnbens Corpus Rulings BY High Court
Provide Loop-F4oIes For Lowbreakers

turned down, but a few each term
receive an open hearing.
Started in 1893
The habeas corpus epidemic
started after the Johnson versus
Zervst decision in 1888. when the
court found that the trial court
had not given the prisoner MS
constitutional right to legal coun-
sci. The McNabb case, in 1913,
The Chronicle star the Moss Point advertiser., 1949-12-16

headlines coming into court with
new petitions. It gives them a
trip downtown.
Judge Goodman said the habeas
corpus petitions had become "a
penitentiary racket" He was
plainly critical of the Supreme
Court for opening up new fields
in which prisoners could abuse
the privilege of habeas corpus.
The Chronicle star the Moss Point advertiser., 1949-12-16

work load increased as much as
that of the Supreme Court.
Judge Louis E. Goodman, Of the
US district court in San Francisco,
in 1947 told how Aleatraz pris-
oners keep that court constantly
busy. Between 1897 and l947 there
were 1853 petitions filed by 100
inmates.
Convicts Study Law
Federal lawyers refer to the
catraz law school" In many pris-
catraz la wschool." In many pris-
ons the convicts take c%orrespon-
dence courses in law. In some
cities there are prisoners who act
as their own attorneys and make
The Chronicle star the Moss Point advertiser., 1949-12-16

Like the microphone of radio
which has been abbreviated to
mike, the i%conoscope of tele-
has been shortened to ike"
The Chronicle star the Moss Point advertiser., 1949-12-16
TWIN COOP
PROVIDES CLOTHES

Sun Valley, Calf. - (AP) -
The parents of five sets of year
old twins put their heads together
Evening star., 1949-04-20
Court Frees Reckless Skater
Ruled SeIf-PropeIIed Vehicle

Judge George D. Nelson in
traffic court today ruled that a
person on roller skates, ice skates,
stills or q pogo stick automatically
removes himself from the pedes-
trian category and becomes a
"self-propelled vehicle"
Joseph Lowther. assistant cor
poration counsel. took exception
to. the theory. He argued that
the Districts legal definition OF q
pedestrian as "any person afoot"
must be interpreted reasonably
not strictly"
The question arose when Her.
bert Montgomery. 10. colored, OF
225 Virginia avenue Sc. was
brought to trial charged with
using the highways in a reckless
manner on his roller skates yes
terday.
Pvt. A. r. Walzel testified he
saw the youth zig Tagging on G
street in the 600 block Sc. in
such a manner that two automo-
biles nearly collided in the drivers
efforts to avoid hitting the skater
Pvt. walzel charged Montgom-
cry under q section of police regu-
Evening star., 1949-04-20

Constitution Hall plans to seek
more radio show. religious events
and conventions TO offset . decline
In its concert business. the Daugh-
ters of the American Revolution
were told today.
Mrs. David d. Caldwell. chair
man of the OARS Buildings and
Grounds Committee. announced
the new policy at this mornings
session OF the organizations 5stn
Continental Congress.
The hall. which Is owned By the
OAR, now Is completing the most
successful season In its history.
having earned ss1. .s64 from l62
events. Mrs. Caldwell reported.
But she wanted that there Ii .
sharp decline In the concert and
entertainment Geld. not only IN
washington but widespread over
the country. A number OF our
better artists" the building chair
man said. have performed to
many vacant seats during the
Evening star., 1949-04-20
(See BATTLE, Page A-3)
B Reported Killed
In South Chile Quake
Nv the Associoted Press

SANTIAGO, Chile, April 20.-A
severe earthquake hit South Cen
trail Chile last night. First reports
said SO were killed and more than
so injured, and authorities ex-
pressed fear the toll would be
higher.
Heavy damage was reported In
the cities of Traiguen and Angel.
At Traiguen, believed to be the
center of the quake, about 80 per-
sons were reported killed in the
collapse of jail.
The Ministry Of Interior re-
layed this unconfirmed report. and
said it was told many others were
injured at Traiguen in collapsing
buildings. The ministry said 1t
also received reports that at least
five persons were killed at Angel.
The newspaper Ell Comercio's
correspondent at Temuco said
some were killed at Angel and at
least one at Los Angeles. Concep-
cion, Taica and Temuco also felt
the shock.
The government rushed aid to
the region, where hundreds were
reported homeless. A plane and q
special train were on the way with
emergency supplies.
City officials said half the houses
in Angel had crumbled or were
badly damaged. At Traiguen. 81
or more houses were destroyed.
Torrential rain throughout
Southern Chile hampered relief
work. Troops were patrolling some
areas to prevent looting.
Evening star., 1949-04-20
Ex-Army Aide Tells of Brutality
To Get MoImedy Confessions
Prosecutor Admits Mock Trials. but Denies
Mistreotment Except in Two Coses

as an Official court reporter for %
years. wrote an unsolicited letter
to q Senate Armed Services SUBJ
committee. That group Is inves-
tigating the Army's handling OF
the case involving the machine
cunning of 100 helpless Americans
captured near Malmedy, Belgium.
during the Battle of the Bulge in
December, 1914.
Col. Ellis, who was in charge
of both investigation and prosecu-
ton. said he knew OF only two
cases Of mild mistreatrnent. Both.
he testified personally to the COM
mittee, were accusations from
German prisoners that they had
been kicked.
He told the committee that
some Of the Germans convicted In
the massacre acknowledged TO
him that they accused prosecu-
Evening star., 1949-04-20

lations dealing with pedestrian
control.
But this boy wasn't a pedes-
trian." Roosevelt Page. defense
argued. The dictionary
shows that the word comes from
the Latin, meaning foot
This boy wasn't on foot. he was
on wheels" the lawyer argued
He was a self-propelled vehicle.
Mr.. Lowther countered that New
Jersey courts have placed roller
skaters and ice skaters In the
pedestrian class.
Besides, your honor. suppose
a person on q pogo stick or stills
got hit by q car at Fourteenth
and r streets, would the car driver
be charged with colliding with q
vehicle or wouldn't he be. charged
with failing to yield right Of way
to a Pedestrian"
Despite this argument. Judge
Nelson declared that he sided
with the defendant, and suggested
that the Districts definition
should be clarified" He then
dismissed the charge against
Montgomery.
Evening star., 1949-04-20
Court Asked 10 Order
Miss BaiIey's Return
To Job Pending Suit
Action Is First LeeoI
Test of DISMISSED
In LoyoIty Probe

Miss Dorothy Bailey. former
supervisor of the United States
Employment Service Training Sec
ton who has been dismissed on
loyalty grounds, today asked Dis
trict Court to order her returned
to her job pending litigation In
her case.
Through her attorneys in the
law firm of Arnold. Fortas and
Porter, Miss Bailey asked the court
on April IL to rule that she was
ousted. illegally and should be re-
instated in her SO. .000-a-year posi-
tion. Today's action. if successful,
would force Federal Security Ad-
ministrator Oscar Ewing to rein
state her while the matter is aired
in court.
Interest has centered on the
Bailey case as a probable first test
of the legality of the Presidents
loyalty program as it is admin
istered. The Star presented q
detailed report last month on the
loyalty proceedings against MISS
Bailey, as q case study OF the
workings Of the program.
Miss Bailey Is the first Govern
ment employe to take q loyalty
dismissal into court after first ex-
hausting all administrative rem
edies provided in the loyalty pro-
gram.
In their motion today. Miss
Bailey's attorneys argued that the
Government would not be In
jured, but rather would be aided
by her reinstatement pending the
outcome Of her suit.
Miss Bailey is. they contended.
a capable and trained employe." "
and her job is not one involving
any security functions to which q
court should be reluctant TO re-
store any one accused OF dis
loyalty."
Evening star., 1949-04-20
China Arms Aid Totals
Billion, Acheson Says

Secretary of State Acheson said
today that American military aid
to the Chinese Nationalist govern
ment had amounted to more than
81 ,000, ,000. 900 since vi day.
He said at q news conference
that the military assistance was
almost exactly half of the total
50 900 900, 900 in military and eco
nomic aid extended to the Chinese
since the war. plus considerable
ammunition technically aban-
doned in China by American Ma
rines and turned over to the Ma
tionalists.
Mr.. Acheson made this explana-
tion in reply to charges by Sena-
tor McCarran. Democrat, OF Ne
vada that he had misrepresented
the figures In q recent letter to the
Senate Foreign Relations Com
mittee opposing q McCarran pro-
posai for another $l,500. .000. 900
aid to China program.
Senator McCarran said only o
small proportion of the $4,000
600 900 in aid since WI day cited
by Mr.. Acheson was military as
sistance.
MIR. Acheson said today that Of
course he did not intend TO give
the impression that the $1,000
000. 900 was all military aid. but
said that almost exactly half OF
that amount was for military
purposes.
The Secretary refused any COM
ment on the renewal Of fighting
by the Communists In the Chi
nese civil war today.
Evening star., 1949-04-20
Admiral Kirk Named
10 Russia
ToSucceed Gen. Smith
Retired Officer Helped
Direct Novol Phuses Of
Invosion of Fronce

President Truman today nomi-
mated Vice Admiral Alan @. Kirk,
60-year-old retired naval officer.
to be Ambassador to the Soviet
Union.
Admiral Kirk. Ambassador TO
Belgium and Minister to Luxem-
bourg since February. l946. will
succeed 1t. Gen. Walter Bedell
Smith. who recently resigned.
Gen. Smith, wartime chief OF
staff to Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhow-
er. has been named commander OF
the lst Army In New York.
Admiral Kinks appointment was
forecast two weeks ago by The
Star. A native Of Philadelphia,
he was graduated from the Naval
Academy at Annapolis in 1909.
During World War II he par
ticipated In the Allied landing
operation In Sicily as commander
OF the amphibious force OF the
United States Atlantic Fleet. He
was one Of a group Of Allied ON
GERS who prepared and directed
naval phases Of the cross-Channel
invasion of France.
Admiral Kirk's chief concern as
envoy to Belgium-Luxembourg
was American relations with West
ern Europe. He has not been
identified with the more violent
phases of the cold war" with Rus
sia, q fact that win permit him to
70 to Moscow with an open record.
Some sources believe that fact
may influence the Russians II they
decide to negotiate for . real truce
-
Evening star., 1949-04-20
World Peace Drive
Urged as Reds Start
Conference in Paris
Committees to Gerry Out
Congress Aims Proposed
For Every Country
BY the Asseeioted Press

PARIS, April 20.-A Com
munist = sponsored world peace
conference opened here today
with plea for the formation of
peace committees throughout the
world to carry out the Congress
plans.
The French Communist atomic
scientist, Frederic Joliot-Curie,
told the 1900 delegations from
So nations:
"We will show the warmongers
that they have to reckon with us.
We fight this fight with the cer-
tainty of victory"
Joiot-Curie said an atomic war
would be terrible even for its
initiators" but that the atom
bomb or other atomic weapons
would not be the decisive favor
in the fighting. He is the head
of Frances Atomic Energy Com
mission.
Anti-Red Pickets Absent.
Unlike the world peace congress
held in New York last month,
this one opened with no anti
Communist pickets outside the
meeting place and no evidence
of any special police precautions.
The anti-C Communist press gave
the meeting scant attention. Ses-
sions are being held in the Sale
Pleyel, a big concert hall.
The institute hall was deco
rated with the flags of all nations
and banners in English. French,
Spanish and Italian reading: De
fend the peace is the task OF
all peoples" and Unity for peace
Is our most sacred duty"
Standards, like those at Amer
lean political conventions. located
the seats of the various delega-
tions: Although the press was
barred from the floor Of the con-
gress, a simultaneous translation
service, like that used at United
Nations sessions, was to give the
speeches to delegates and news
| /f1ort;y,,orI ~, pooa A Col &
Evening star., 1949-04-20
Constitution HuII Seeks Events
To Offset Concert Decline

past season. causing large nnan-
cial losses"
New types Of programs already
have been tried In the hail during
the last season. including radio
and teIeYision shows. The Spike
Jones show. the Original Amateur
Hour and Q program by the Bar
ber Shop Quartet were among
the new presentations.
one experiment failed. Mrs.
Caldwell said. This was Sasur~
day night hiIi-biiiy shov which.
she said. did not appeal 70 the
patrons Of Constitution Hall.
Laughter greeted Mira. Calds
wells announcement that the Bob
Hope radio show Is scheduled 10
take over the han after the con-
clusscn of the current congress.
Mrs. Caldwell also called st.era-
ton TO the scheduled appearances
Of Miss Margaret Truman. who
viii sing at the opening Of next
seasons Sunday series Of concerts
by the National symphony Or
chestra.
Evening star., 1949-04-20
BY the Assceiotsd Press

A court reporter charged
the chief prosecutor denied-to-
day that brutality and threats
were used to get confessions from
Germans in the Malmedy mas
sacre case.
The prosecutor, 1t. Col. Burton
F. Ellis, acknowledged to Senate
investigators that candle-lit mock
trials were held to get former Nazi
storm troopers to talk. And he
said evidence of sort that would
not be allowed In an American
court was permitted.
The accusation came from James
j. Bailey of Pittsburgh. Pa, who
said he was q member OF the
United States Army's confession
collecting team until he could
stomach it no longer" and quit the
job.
Mr.. Bailey, identifying himself
Evening star., 1949-04-20
War Game Planes
Buzz CIay's Party
Or re Asses ssasa Fssss

NURNBER0. Germany. April
20. -- American fighter planes
playing enemy roles bpzzed var
game headquarters today during
visit By Gen. Lucius d. Clay
and military observers from ssx
European countries.
The fast Thundcrbolss diyed 70
close 70 the headquarters In .
simulated bombing and strafng
attack that the roar Of thsar
motors ai times drowned out the
voices Of officers who were
briefng Gen. Clay and the
foreign observers In the map
lined war room.
Foreign countries represented
here by observers are Sweden.
Norway. Denmark. France. Ths
and England.
Gen. Clay ehAtted cordially
after the briefnx with Air Force
officers stationed In ttss head
quarters IN Stein Castle. near
Nuernoerg.
Pilots playing aggressor roles
claimed ts1ey had oblitsvsted the
headquarters -- yesterday and
again today,
American troops. nseanwhiie.
fell back westward under ar and
tank attacks thrown by mythical
.axgYes@or iand" forces.
The Americans. craglnaily On Q
linz rsInnans fron Hof thEosaxa
wsidsn 70 Regsrabs1rg. psraliss 10
the cxecho@iovak border. had re-
treated today 70 Q hne running
through Bayreuifa and AnbsTg
toward Rssensb1rg,
Evening star., 1949-04-20
Court UphoIds Right
OF Bishop 10 Gust
MeIish From Pulpit
Vestry. in Meeting Today
Says 1t Won't Comply
With Ban on Rector
Rx the Asxoeiatsd Praxs

NEW YORK. April 20.-A State
Supreme Court Justice today sus-
tanned the right of an Episcopal
bishop to oust the Rev. DR.. John
Howard Melish from the pulpit he
has occupied for As years.
Justice Meier Steinbrink acted
in the case Of the 74-year-old rec
tor of Holy Trinity Episcopal
Church in Brooklyn who chal-
lenged the right of his bishop to
remove him.
DR.. Melish had said from the
witness stand yesterday that he
heartily approved the activities OF
his son and assistant rector. the
Rev. William Howard Melish.
The son. who denied in court
yesterday that he was a Com.
munist, resigned recently as the
chairman of the National Coun-
Gil of American-Soviet Friend
ship. Attorney General Clark had
called the group subversive. The
church vestfy asked Bishop James
P. de Wolfe of the diocese of Long
Island to remove the elder Melish
The sons association with the
council was the nub Of the battle
Under Episcopalian rules it is
necessary to GUST a rector in order
to remove his assistant without his
assent.
DR.. MeliSh stayed at his post,
despite the bishops custer order
after members of his parish voiced
support of him. At the annual
parish meeting Monday night
church members elected new ves-
Evening star., 1949-04-20
DC. Ordered 10 Study
SIum Act for Conflict
With U.S.. Housing Bill
McGroth Coils for inquiry
- After Questions Arise
Over Extent OF Aid Here
See Editorial. Freedom Is Look
tRo Bored" on Page A-i0J
'icture on Pace BIZ
By Don S. Worren

Chairman McGrath OF the Sem
ate District Committee today
called on Corporation Counsel
Vernon Z. West TO make an i'm
mediate study OF the city's slum
clearance law In comparison with
the pending National long range
Housing Act TO see II there are
any conflicts.
The Rhode Island Senator acted
when questions were raised In
two administrative quarters on
the extent TO which slum clear
ance or low-cost public housing
programs in the District would
at into the Federal aid plan.
John Ihlder. executive ofiicer
of the National Capital Housing
Authority, which now has no funds
for public housing development
and which no longer has author
ity TO buy sites for such projects.
is seeking amendments to the
Federal bill.
Threat TO ID. c. Share Seen.
At the same time. another Dis
trict planning ofYicial voiced fears
that possible technical difficulties
might prevent the District from
obtaining funds under the Federal
law.
Senator McGrath. without pass
ing judgment on any OF these
questions. directed the corporation
counsel to look into such posi-
bilities at once and TO submit rec
concentrations.
Senator McGrath also plans TO
confer with other Senators TO see
what prospects there are for APP
preparations to set in motion slum
clearance and redevelopment
under the Districts Redevelop-
ment Act OF 1916. This law pro-
yides for both slum clearance and
Iow-cost housing projects. but as
yet Congress has made no appro-
priations.
The slums problem was put into
the limelight once more yesterday
as five more Senators made per
sonal inspections Of 'squalid.
oyerpacked land filthy" shelters TO
be found within q half-mile radius
OF the Capitol.
Their findings. like those OF
Senator Flanders. Republican. Of
Ifsoy,fipY,~d nm Pare AZ Col, 1 y