Evening star., 1949-05-11
Moior Cause Discovered
For the Rottino OF Wood
Substance Isolated Ercns Aia&hrrosea
In Mar land E>pSTirnens.
RY Tke.w3p a. Hrmry

A substance hAs hewa @@a.a tEss sggsen - .sss-
roosns shacA j. agas NJ tss -n2sag s2zssrs Fszs
TIE vc41auE ~ Sv%e&
Tssx ansp,sxAtasgss es sAs.s sszsS,esfgy ~ ~.
ssaasy G5o,Esass e ssse Engtesa4ty a MAJ.
lara wvs gGnx Grsdrg NAVY saaseAss. 40
very far gvASassss nss sssssr fss Ire fxgss<9Na-
tsaa ot a. soosea stgssStAGw8e saI gex tfss
direct eossvcFssa4 & SaN<s4zsa Eako a&cgssez
There asx Eso uaAsoF constituents - wgs>3.
es4sGsoSe ard lagasn- ~ IAcztkses exgNsAs1srN..
Both rcI ,hspaxA Lfss axssoa es rssszS-
ORGANISMS ssaaas and fSsaxa fsu1 aaseTvns
!assl aT< ses@+Fea - yVi ASa4n asNe - sv4
esila.oSe
Now. Ds Oe;tnes sxp!asnea 81 Is SsnpsSsssss
fog . snscte~svgAaisYa Ia initiate Ire reEtIas
process without TIE u~< cs . asnesRsral sub
stance kncsn Is al esxyEss Na&ea IL pSe-
dtsces In It's ewu heS2y Teass eastnAeAl 81.
ahles TIRE cet~gsesat taaa pgxNewss 70 rsnrro1
Without taking direct part N IL
The naAAos enxyns fog ine TctstnE e IS.
n1a. i vas !ossad sas substance knaNn As
Asn8nass And mushrooms Wsrr found IL ~
al abundant soufre us II Hitherto Il hxa
bern asnpasssale to separate II tfasn the lIS4ng
cells
Antiaste New FoSAIele
Chemists neA are Ia a position. II WAa
explained. 10 work on an Antsaots ics as-
ntnASe The mechanism fag The rotssns 81
cellaloss s much eetseT Understood but
hitherto The agnsn problem has hstfea al
workers
LAgnln Is essentially a waste product al
though 1t comprises at least IS pea cent %
al wood II Fnust be separated from wood
BY costly process before pRpcg can he made
and hitherto has caused an important stream
pollution,
i4gnin also has prevented the direct
fermentation OF &aSdust INTO Aleohal. and
an expensive, uue-Cosas amlns chemical
treatment has been necessary fo. Ihr utlsszA.
ton Of sawdGst Nath The Isolation a! AS-
nlnase II may be possible 10 set I'D of the
hgnin by presottlns process
The discovery also opsnS the way IL Nas
explained, for utilization of wood wastes os
all kinds and for the possible direct ut!llsA.
tion Of lsnin itAslt
How deep is the Arctic Ocean,
This Is one OF The two major mysteries
facing the Nays HydrogrAphie Once Al.
though ships have sailed The Recovered kra
for two centuries there slll are only s!eht
reliable depth measurements for the entire
area between Alaska the Canadian Rrehi-
pelago. and the North Pole d. Richard II,
Fiemlne has reported 10 the American
Oeophysieal Union
DR. Fleming heads the HydyoeFanhic
ofnecS new Division Of oceanosgaphs,
Basic reason for the paucIIy Of tntoTma-
ton Is that it IS very difneuf 10 measure
depth OF water under ice The HyuIosFanhto
once Df Fleming reports. nos is Develop
ing a special instrument for this purpose.
II will utilize the echo from Il small explosion
on top Of an ice foe The speed Of sound
through Ice and through water tls5srs There
will be two echoes one Of which viii indicate
the thickness Of the Ice and tho other the
depth Of the water.
World Wide Phenomenon.
The second mystery stu unsolved although
there has been much theorixing, Ia the nature
OF the seas phantom bottom, Dtring Tire
war II was found that depth soundines In
the sea returned two echoes. One indicated
a bottom a few hundred feet below the thip.
This now has been found 10 6c y world. vide
phenomenon. Generally. IL Is believed. the
echo comes from great hordea of sea uggAn-
isms which live Al considerable depths
Tn comparison with other ooeans" nays
DIR. Fleming "the Arctic In virtually unknown.
With the exception Of observations collected
by two Norwegian and several Russian ex-
petitions. our knowledge al the topography,
physical and chemical conditions biology
and the properties Of Ice ia virtually nil
To overcome such deficiencies a program
has been initiated at Point Barrow. Alaska,
for development Of devices for Kampline Ice
and measurement Of It's properties II Ia
hoped that these teehnlqnes will be silta hls
for work from shore stations, from Ahips.
and particularly from aircraft equipped 70
land on the Arctic pack"