davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
MILITARY:
15.5 Billions

If war comes, America intends to
be ready. Demonstrating that fact,
congress finally got together on a
record peace-time military appro-
priations bill totaling approximate
ly 1875 billion dollars, including
funds to build the air force up to
SO groups.
BREAKING a month-long dead
lock and spurred, no doubt, by re-
ports that Russia has the atomic
bomb, house and senate hurried
through the details of the final
measure which went to President
Truman for approval.
In this action, the senate finally
bowed to house insistence on giving
the air force some 10 groups and
740 million dollars more than Pres
ident Truman had requested for it.
CONCERN over the possibility of
enemy atomic attack was indicated
when congress also appropriated
so million dollars to start construc-
ton of a vast radar screen de-
signed to warn the United States of
any enemy air attack.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
RENTS.
Keep Level

A rather surprising thing had
happened. A survey showed that
lifting of rent control in more than
500 areas had not resulted in whole
sale rent increases. Lifting of con-
trolls, put into effect in wartime,
began last April l.
TAKEN as a whole, however,
rents in key decontrolled areas did
60 up little, but the hike was not
as severe as most observers had
predicted.
The survey disclosed that land
lord reaction to decontrol was
spotty. One major factor in the
overall rent picture was said to be
the number of vacancies available
"a factor which might, after all,
have considerable restraining eff
feet on any appreciable overall
rent increase. Some landlords
raised rents, but had to cut them
again when tenants moved out
Also some landlords were still
bound by leases issued in the period
before decontrol.
According to the survey, in
creases were scattered, rather than
general, in most places.
THUS THE PICTURE of the rent
situation generally is clouded by
the factors enumerated, factors
which may of themselves have
enough restraint value to hold
down rent hike, as well as dis
inclination of landlords to raise
rentals to levels most Americans
expected.
Continuing strikes, loss of income,
more accessibility of housing sites
may all combine to keep any gen.
eral and extensive rent increases
from being made in the near fu-
ture.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
INDUSTRY:
British Threat

How will the British devaluation
of the pound and the resultant de-
crease in factory wage rates affect
us. industry?
Potentially, the threat of very
real and devastating competition
from that source is seen by James
F. Lincoln, acknowledgement US.
industrialist and president of the
Lincoln Electric company, Cleve-
land.
eff WE were to send 10000 Amer
lean production experts to England
and the European continent for one
year, those countries could shut
down every industrial plant in the
United States" said Lincoln in an
interview in Cleveland. He had just
returned from two-week tour of
industrial concerns in England, Hol-
land, Belgium and France.
His judgment, he said, was based
on the fact of the factory wage rate
decreases in England, following de-
valuation, and similar effect on
nations affected to an average of
pressures thus established. Lin
coin declared that the devaluation
action had cut wage rates in the
nations effected to an average of
only one-seventh of the wage level
in this country.
If these nations can continue to
throw goods produced at those wage
levels into this country, Lincoln OBJ
served, there is a strong threat to
American industry as a result.
UP TO NOW, he pointed out, that
hasn't been done because European
manufacturers are still enjoying
sellers market, and European pro-
duction methods have not yet
reached a stage of development
which will allow them to compete
with American-made products.
"The menace to United States in
dustry will come" Lincoln said,
when the home markets of these
countries are satiated and when
U. S. production methods are more
widely applied abroad"
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
BIG DAY.:
Breuk for Kids

Underprivileged children in more
than 5000 U. S. and Canadian COM
munities will receive assistance
from far-reaching program of
youth welfare announced by XII
wants International and The Ma
tional Kids Day Foundation, Inc.
j. Hugh Jackson, Stanford, Calf,
president of Kiwanis International,
in announcing the cooperative eff
fort, said 1.-The problems of under
privileged children are the prob
lens of the entire nation but their
solution depends upon local action.
There are more than 5000 Kiwanis
clubs which are geared for partici-
patton in the program"
FOCAL POINT of the campaign
will be the observance of an an
nual National Kids Day." the first
to be held on Saturday, November
~, when each community will be
asked to enlist the support of its
citizens in meeting the problems
of local youth.
The Kiwanis president empha-
'4N>A tAial 4NdllOlldl LAY VIII
not be celebrated as a holiday or
used as a gift-giving occasion. at
is our intention to use the observ-
ance of this day as a means of
ralying the forces of each COM
munity toward solving local juve-
nile problems" he continued. "By
this means, we hope to raise ad-
ditional funds to carry on a year
round program of youth activity
IN cities and towns in the U. S. and
Canada. Money raised in each COM
munity will be spent in the same
community for the benefit of chill
dren."
CHARLES PETT1JOHN, execu-
tive secretary of The National Kids
Day Foundation, Hollywood, Calf,
said his organization was formed
last year to call national attention to
the right of underprivileged youth
to enjoy some of the benefits nor
mally accruing to boys and girls in
more fortunate circumstances. The
Foundation also seeks to attract at
tention to the accomplishments of
youth and to stimulate additional
interest in the problems of youth,
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
THEWITCH'::
A New Prison

Swearing and muttering, Use
Koch, blonde witch of Buchen-
wald," was transferred from an
American military prison to the
custody of German police who have
charged her with 20 Buchenwald
murders. .rrt
With her charged crimes reading
like list of horrors from medieval
history, the wife of the one-time
Buchenwald concentration camp
commandant was widely accus I'd
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
MIDDLE COURSE
Indio Would Fight if Liberty Threatened

less OF war and to think more of
peace and how to attain it, and ad-
monished both east and west that:
The very process of marshaling
of the world into two hostile camps
precipitates the conflict which it is
sought to avoid.
The Indian statesman's views
were given in an address marking
ceremonies in which Columbia uni
versity made him an LID.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
US. SPENDING:
Deficit system Hit

It seemed an obvious conclusion
that the Presidents council of eco
nomic advisers was having little
effect in influencing government Of
ficials to insist upon real effort
by the administration to put its
financial house in order.
ANY such conclusion would have
been bolstered by the fact that DR..
Edward G. Nourse, chairman of
the council, was quitting that body.
In an address before the national
retail farm equipment association,
DR.. Nourse hit hard at federal def
icit spending and charged that the
government is Slipping back into
deficits as way of life"
Instead of deficit financing, he
said, the government should be
putting its fiscal house in order
and outstanding reserves to support
the economy if less prosperous
times overtake u.s."
According to reports, DR.. Nourse
had informed President Truman
that he was going to leave the gov
eminent, although there was no
word as to whether the President
had accepted or would accept the
resignation.
WELLPLACED official circles
were said to believe that Nourse's
decision to leave the advisers coun-
Gil was because of his belief that he
had failed in what he regarded was
a fight to keep the council on a
strict professional plane of fact
finding and advice-giving, divorced
from political issues.
In his address, Nourse was crit
ical of elements among labor, agri-
culture and management, Gliding
farmers for demanding stimula-
tive prices" labor for demanding
shorter hours in the face of the
need for increased production.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
DEFENSE:
A Speedup

The United States was moving
swiftly to meet the threat of Soviet
possession of the atomic bomb.
President Truman and the atomic
energy commission had ordered
30 million dollar expansion of atom
bomb facilities at Oak Ridge,
Tenn, and Hanford, Wash.
THUS THE RACE to see whether
the U. S. or Soviet Russia could pro-
duce the most bombs seemed to be
on, and with it went any immediate
hope, at least, for any international
control of atomic energy. The ex-
tent of the u S. effort in the race
was seen when authoritative quar-
tiers announced that the new atomic
plant-construction program ulti-
mately would cost 300 million dol
lars.
Chairman Mcmahon 3D., Conn.,
of the congressional atomic energy
committee, called the project
major expansion effort" Nc
Mahon would not say that the ac-
ton stemmed from Russian prog
ress with atomic fission, but there
was certain evidence of haste in
asmuch as White House clearance
for the project came just six days
after President Truman announced
the atomic explosion in Russia.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
MIDDLE COURSE

India will steer middle course,
clear of entanglements in the cold
war, but when "man's liberty or
peace" is endangered, then India
will fight.
That was the declaration of In
dia's prime minister Jawaharlal
Nehru in a foreign policy speech
in New York a few days after his
arrival in the United States.
He called upon the world to talk
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
Accidents Cost $4,000
Each Minute in America

CHICAGO.-America is spend
ing $4,000 a minute-accidental-
lyl
Two persons are accidentally
killed and 200 injured somewhere
In the United States on the aver
age of every 10 minutes.
The costs of those accidents
total $40, 000-or $4,000 minute.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
Chomp Cow

The American Guernsey club
of Peterboro, N. H., proudly
presents Spar Hill Clematic,
seven-year-old purc-5red golden
Guernsey, as its choice for
champion cow of the year. bur
ing 'he year, the COW gave % 800
ro.nds Ct milk and 1900 pounds
of butterfat, four times the aver
age yield.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
Zone Foot"

The foot as an English unit Of
measurement was at first based on
the actual length of the human
foot. Before the unit was standard
lied at length of IL inches, the
World Book encyclopedia says IL
varied from about IL inches to
nearly twice that length.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
WAGES:
75c Minimum

More than a million and a half
workers in interstate commerce
were due for pay hike as a result
of congressional approval of bill
raising the minimum wage rate
from 40 to rs cents an hour. The
estimated annual cost was 800 mil
lion dollars.
While raising the wage floor, the
bill changed the language of the
wage-hour law so as to remove GOV.
erage from possibly several hun
dred thousand of the persons now
under its provisions. The bill went
to President Truman where early
approval was predicted.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
Renewing Porch Ruqs

NeHeWII9 Fofch Huge
To renew grass or fibre rugs of
the type frequently use don porch
es, coat them with regular exterior
house paint, thinned to the con-
sistency of stain with turpentine,
in the proportion of one part tur-
pentine to four parts paint. A 9x12
rug will require approximately
three quarts of paint and one and
half pints of turpentine.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
In Good Old DAYS

As recently as half a century
ago, paint was mixed by druggists
to customers specifications.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
l6 Shutouts

Grover Cleveland Alexander
pitched 16 shutout games for the
Philadelphia Phillies in 1916.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
hourse Raps Deficit Spending;
Deeontro| Fails to Boost Rent;
Military Budget Tops Is Billion

.. SSaS Who n ;.E'.S
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1949-11-11

President Harry S. Truman,
with congress finally in ad-
journment, would have to 60
to the people with the record
of that congress in the fight
for Democratic seats in the
1850 elections. Little of his
program was enacted, but
there was little doubt he would
defend the congress to the end.
Evening star., 1949-10-27
Spreading the Word
Macarthur Held Unlikely to Testify
Before Congress on Far Eastern Policy

poses to keep it as long as pos
sible.
No criticism is intended in this
reasoning which the politicoes
expect to impart to their col
leagues. They would do the same.
they think. If In Gen. MacArthur's
place.
They also expect to report that
the supreme command will op-
pose no obstacles to demands
that America stay In Japan for
the present, whether or not a
peace treaty is signed.
East West Traffic.
Admittedly this secondhand
testimony is not very satisfactory.
The men from Washington who
have made the long trip out here
have been trying to learn what to
substitute for what most Of them
regard as our Far Eastern fail
ures. The more and better wit
nesses they can call, the better
their chances will be to change
the course of events.
In the defense establishment
there has been . good deal Of east
west traffic. Okinawa's most ex-
perienced commander. for ex-
ample, was recently summoned
home for consultation on what to
do about that typhoon-ridden is
land which must be put In decent
shape II American troops and
their families are to stay there.
The military, of course, do not
make policy. Their opinions
about developments here seem
to vary considerably according to
their temperaments. None seems
to expect any orders soon to leave
Japan.
Released by the Bell Syndicate, 1nc.)
Evening star., 1949-10-27

deduced it. In fact, the general
cannot be quoted about matters
outside his bailiwick at all.
How They Reason.
But the politicoes start with a
premise which they assert they
can support: That the general is
critical Of our Far Eastern policy,
that he believes there is still
much we can do, and that Chang
Kai-shek is a great man.
They reason from this that If
the general accepted Congress
invitation to advise 1t, he would
necessarily be criticizing Presi-
dent Truman and the State De-
partment. From that point they
figure it would be only q short
distance for the general to the
door marked exit. And they are
firmly OF the opinion that Gen.
Macarthur likes his Job and pro-
Evening star., 1949-10-27
On the Other Hand
It's Suggested We Debunk Ourselves
If We Wish to Find Road to Peace

greater hazard to their success
in statecraft than the machina-
tions Of their foes. II we could
combine a greater degree Of hui
mility with our stubborn resolu-
ton, we might not only be more
successful In holding tho dyke
against tyranny, but We might
also gradually establish a genuine
sense Of community with our foe,
however small"
Avoiding Self Righteousness.
Leo Szilard. professor Of bio
physics at the University Of Chi
cago, writes:
If we want to find a way out
Of our present predicament, above
all let us avoid self Righteousness.
Let US not say that We made Rus
sia q generous offer when we pro-
posed the Baruch plan for inter-
national control Of atomic energy.
We would not fool anybody else,
but we might fool ourselves
I'm these past four years Rus
STA and America were not at war.
They did not exchange shots: but
they traded blows. Who struck the
first blow? Does 1t really matter?"
The professor then tells a story.
The Hungarian writer. Karinthy,
he says, after the World War I
was sitting in his study attempting
to write an essay on the causes of
that war. He was interrupted by
loud noises from the nursery.
Opening the door he found his
five children engaged in a free
for-all. who started this fght?"
he demanded of his eldest son,
Peter. TT all started" said Petez
when David hit me back!"
Evening star., 1949-10-27

tablet, eraser, and 4 weeks supply
Of spitballs.
At the moment I am not dead
sure what I am going to study.
Ever since I got out Of the Army
I have thought about the subject
in which I should major.
At first I leaned toward taxi
dermy, there being so many Of my
acquaintances whom would de-
light in stuflng and hanging over
the mantelpiece.
Considered Embalming.
Later. I seriously considered
such subjects as embalming, the
tying Of trout flies. the milking of
Brahma steers at rodeos, the
writing Of speeches for Cabinet
officials. and wing-walking at
state fairs.
Thank goodness I didn't waste
my time and the Governments
money on subjects like those
named above. Because I now
know that any man with a grain
Of sense should study one of three
things.
Medicine? No. Law? Don't
be silly. Journalism? You make
me laugh.
The way this country operates
today there are only three great
fields Of opportunity. One must
be either steel worker, q coal
miner or a longshoreman.
Which is the best of these pro-
fessions?
Not Much to Choose From.
have looked into the matter
and can tell you that there is
little to choose among them. How
ever. right at the moment, I lean
toward learning how to be a steel
worker. The steel workers aren't
working at the moment and look
as if they might wangle q deal
by which the other workers Of
this country will have to take
money out Of their pay to guar
antee them (the steel workers.
a pension.
Longshoremen get longer vaca-
tions. They are not called vaca-
tions. but strikes. However, the
result is the same. When you are
on vacation you are not working
and when you are on strike you
are not working.
Coal miners have the happiness
that comes from not knowing
what the next day holds. Most
Americans know when they 60 to
bed that tomorrow means another
awakening, another breakfast.
another hurried good-by kiss and
another day Of work. But not the
coal miners. Thanks to John L.
Lewis tomorrow to a coal miner
may mean a day of, free check,
a chance to throw rocks and
taunts at fellow citizens-almost
anything. Variety is the spice of
life. Certainly it is for q coal
miner.
So am going to study one Of
these three professions. What is
the use Of working when you don't
have to?
distributed By McNauEht Syndicate. Inc
Evening star., 1949-10-27
This Changing World
Munich, Is Per Cent Destroyed in War,
Is Far From Being a Dead City

ters. The main national theater,
built about 120 years ago, is be-
yond repair. But others-less
damaged-were put back in shape.
and soon were packed, as were
the various temporary concert
halls.
Eight theaters and twice as
many concert halls are function
ing today and are packed at every
performance. Each of them sets
aside one night a week when the
proceeds of the performance 60 to
the rebuilding of some damaged
state building or national shrine.
The artists donate their services,
as do the stage hands and other
employees. Munich, they know,
cannot be restored to It's old
beauty, but can be made present.
able once more. Unlike Paris,
where the great majority Of the
audiences at the two national
operas are made up of tourists,
more than 80 per cent of the au-
diences of Munich theaters are
Bavarians, who consider it a duty
to save a few marks each week to
attend at least one of the "bene-
fit performances" given for the
restoration of the city.
Little Resentment Against Foes.
There seems to be little resent
ment against the former enemy
forces, which did a perfect, yet
from the strategic point Of view
useless, job on this city.
The Bavarians are practical
people, even in their resentment.
They realize that Munich was
selected for dire punishment be-
cause it had been identified with
Hitler's rise to power. It was
here that the Nazis started their
insane drive for power and the
Munich people did not have the
intelligence, the foresight or the
courage to stop the madman in
his tracks. On the contrary, for
q while they were proud that this
had been selected by the little
Austrian as the cradle Of the
"Nazi millennium"
They know what revenge means
and are aware more than we that
they had it coming. The still ex-
isting resentment against the
United States, in particular. Is
due to the Nuremberg trials and
to past prosecutions by a group
of neo-Americans, former German
citizens who were put in American
uniform and In many ways
emulated-although with less
barbarism-the Gestapo.
But even these resentments are
rapidly disappearing. The con-
Germ is over tomorrow and how
this particular section Of Ger
many. which was never in sympa-
thy with Prussia and Prussianisn,
could stage a comeback. The
danger of another war. which
would be fought on German soil.
is not discussed much. but 1t is
ever-present in the minds Of all
the people Of this area.
The Bavarians are completely
disarmed and are fully aware that
their territory is Of value to the
Western Allies simply as a tenn
porary position In which to make
the first stand against an in
vasion from the East. The lack
Of an American ground force fills
them with misgivings as to what
will happen to them in the event
of another catastrophe.
Evening star., 1949-10-27

that have mar Lowell Meiiets.
red the record of this new world
organization, despite It's failure
thus far to even check the drift
Of the nations into q war likely
to be worse than any yet known.
we all cling desperately to the
hope. This being so, it is worth
while to consider what we can do
to further the realization Of the
hope and to search our hearts to
find If in any way we may be
guilty of helping defeat the end
we seek.
In the current issue Of the
Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
a number of distinguished men
discuss the world situation in the
light Of the announcement of
Russia's achievement of the
atomic bomb. Reading what they
say. one is struck by the fact that
most of them agree it is time we
start debunking ourselves.
Essentially Selfish.
Harold c. Urey, a distinguished
scientist who has had much to do
with the development Of atomic
energy, argues at length for the
establishment Of a federal world
government. But. he says ". 1t
is well to remember certain fun
damental things about human
nature. Though we may pretend
otherwise, we are essentially SELF
ish. When any question arises
between one individual or COM
munity and another, each indi-
vidual or community considers its
own interest first. It is useless tc
say that we are going to look
out first of all for the security ot
the whole world. AS q matter OF
actual practice we will not dc
anything of the kind, and neither
will the people of any other
country"
Reinhold Niebuhr, distinguished
theologian, whose general view
is indicated by the title Of his
article, "The Illusion of World
Government" has this to say:
I'VE would, I think. have q bet
ter chance of success in our strug-
gle against a fanatical foe,e If we
were less sure Of our purity and
virtue. The pride and self-right-
eousness Of powerful nations are Z