davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27
extofMrs. Roosevelt sLetter

main spiritual leadership ana the
temporal power should not become
too important in any church.
I have no bias against the
Roman Catholic Church and I
have supported Gov: Smith as
Governor and worked for him as
a candidate for the office OF Pres
ident of the United States. I have
supported for public office many
other Roman Catholic candidates.
You speak of the Mindszenty
case. I spoke out very clearly
against any unfair type of. trial
and anything anywhere in any
country which might seem like
attack on an individual because
of his religious beliefs. I cannot
however, say that in European
countries the control of the Roman
Catholic church of great areas of
land has always led to happiness
for the people of those countries.
I have never visited hospitals
and asked or thought about the
religion of any boy in any bed.
have never in military cemetery
had any different feeling about
the graves of the boys who lay
there. All of our boys of every
race, creed and color fought for
the country and they deserve our
help and gratitude.
Wants Equal Rights.
1t is not my wish to deny chill
dren anywhere equal rights or
benefits. 1t is, however. the de-
cision of parents when they select
a private or UNCONVENTIONAL
school. whether it be Episcopal,
Wesleyan, Jewish or Roman Cath
Ole.
can assure you that ! have no
prejudice. I understand the be-
liefs OF the Roman Catholic
church very we'll. I happen to
be a Protestant and I prefer my
own church, but that does not
make me feel that any one has
any less right to believe as his
own convictions guide him.
I have no intention Of attacking
you personally, nor Of attacking
the Roman Catholic church. but
I shall, of course, continue to
stand for the things in our Gov
eminent which I think are right
They may lead me to be in opposi-
ton to you and to other groups
within our country, but I shall al
ways act, as far as am able
from real conviction and from
honest belief.
If you carefully studied my rec
ord, think you would not find 1t
one of anti-Catholic or anti-any-
religious group.
I assure you that I have no
sense of being an unworthy
American mother" The final
judgment, my dear Cardinal
Spellman. Of the worthiness of all
human beings is in the hands OF
God.
With deepest respect. ! am
Very sincerely yours,
(Signed)
ELEANOR ROOSEVELT.
RE~S usa DAAeapo1t
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27
! Committee Moves 10 Plug
Eis|er Escape loophoIe !
By the Assoeiated Press

The House Judiciary COMMITTEES
has acted to plug up loophole in
the deportation laws which en-
abled Communist Gerhard Eisler
to flee the United States:
1t approved a bill by Represents
alive Hobbs, Democrat, of Ala
bama yesterday to empower the
Attorney General to keep in jail
aliens who have been convicted of
crimes or ordered deported.
The bill would permit the Gov
eminent to deny bond where the
Attorney General deemed it adj
visable to keep the alien in GUS
tody.
Eisler, called the>No. l United
States Communist, was convicted
of passport fraud and subject to
deportation. :,
While at liberty under bond
pending an appeal from his con-
viction, he slipped aboard the
Polish liner Batory and escaped
to England and subsequently to
Germany.
The first American automobiles
had wooden body frames.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27
| Doctor at Work
Two Days After
Operating on Self
By the Associated Press

TELLURIDE, Colo, July o.
DR.. George C. Balderston returned
to his practice yesterday, two days
after removing his own appendix.
Sunday afternoon at the Amer
lean Legion Hospital, DR.. Balder-
ston got all the needed instru-
ments together and summoned a
friend, DR.. Richard Gladman.
He told DR.. Gladman to stand
by in case anything went wrong.
Then, without using mirrors, DR..
Balderston went to work. In a
sitting position he handled the en-
tire operation on himself and
after about IS minutes he closed
the wound with clamps and
stitches.
The idea?
II wanted to get a first-hand
reaction of a patient to local anes-
thesia. And I wanted to study
post-operative effects"
He said yesterday he figured
he'd proved patients should get
back on their feet as soon as pos
sible after surgery"
He said he felt fine.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27
Atomic Commission Urges
National Science Group
Bv the Associoted Press

The Atomic ENERGY Commits
sion yesterday recommended Gre
alton of National Science Foun-
dalton to rescue" Government
research from "stepchild" po-
Sition.
David e. Lilienthal. chairman,
made this recommendation in re-
plying to a request from Senator
Mcclellan, Democrat. of Arkansas,
for the commissions views.
The commission is now flnanc-
ing a scientific research fellow
ship program administered for it
by the National Research Council.
Creation of a National Science
Foundation was recommended re-
Gently by the Hoover Commission
on Government Reorganization.
Mr.. Lilienthal, commenting on
other Hoover recommendations,
said, the special nature OF the
responsibilities of Acc make it
proper that 1t continue to report
directly to the President"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27
Mrs. Roosevelt
Continued From First Page.

ing the Roman Catholic church,
but ! shall, of course, continue to
stand for the things in our Gov
eminent which I think are right.
They may lead me to be in
opposition to you and to other
groups within our country. but I
shall always act. as far as I am
able. from real conviction and
from honest belief"
Believes in Education Aid.
In her reply today Mrs. Roose-
welt declared: 4 have never ad-
vocated the Barden bill nor any
other specific bill on education
now before the Congress. I be-
lieve, however, in Federal aid to
education"
The cardinals attack on Mrs.
Roosevelt brought her support
from such persons as Herbert T.
Lehman, former New York Gov
ernor: Bernard Baruch and the
Right Rev. Charles K. Gilbert,
Protestant Episcopal Bishop Of
New York.
Mrs. Roosevelt said in her
letter:
II believe that there should be
freedom for every child to be
educated in his own religion. In
public schools it should be taught
that the spiritual side of life is
most important.
Would Like to See Agreement.
Il should be happy If some
agreement could be reached on
passages from the Bible and some
prayer that could be used. The
real religious teaching Of any
child must be done by his own
church and in his own home"
Cardinal Spellman. stating that
Americas Catholic youth fought
equally with those of all other
faiths in the recent war, asked in
his letter to the Presidents
widow: Would you deny equality
to these Catholic boys =? Dur
ing the war years you visited the
hospitals in many countries =
then how is it that your own heart
was not purged of all prejudices
by what you saw these, our sons,
suffer-"
Never Thought of Religion.
Mrs. Roosevelt replied:
IT have never visited hospitals
and asked or thought about the
religion Of any boy in any bed. I
have never in a military cemetery
had any different feeling about
the graves of the boys who lay
there. All Of our boys Of every
race, color and creed fought for
the country and they deserve our
help and gratitude.
1T is not my wish to deny chill
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27
School Aid Measure
Based on State Needs
Is BEING Drafted
By the Associated Press

A new move started in Congress
today to rescue Federal aid to
education from the religious con-
troversy now surrounding it.
Representative Morton, Repub-
lican, of Kentucky disclosed he
is drafting a bill based on the
principle of State need. 1t would
omit restrictions on paroch1al
school assistance which have been
denounced by Roman Catholic
churchmen.
The extent to which Mr.. Nor
tons proposal might take Con-
gress off the spot was not imme-
diately apparent. The general
view is that nothing will be done
this year.
He disclosed his intentions aft
er sitting in on a closed Repub-
lican session headed by House Mi
nority Leader Martin. Mr.. Martin
had no comment at all, but Mi
Morton later told reporters those
present did not object to his idea.
Hoover Had Same Idea.
Mr.. Morton's plan to base Fed
eral aid according to State needs
follows the idea expressed last
June by former President Herbert
Hoover.
Mr. Hoover. in a letter to Rep
resentative Mcconnell. Repun-
lican, of Pennsylvania recon-
mended at that time that Federal
funds should be made available
only to States which need them
snd then based on specific stand
ards of education.
He denounced as "a pork-barrel
appendage" formulas which would
allow S. per pupil per year in
Federal funds to every state
whether needed or not.
This proviso is included in both
the Senate bill, and the
Catholic-attacked measure intro
duced in the House by Repre-
sentative Barden, Democrat, OF
North Carolina-both of which are
now stalemated in the House La
Dor Committee.
Mr.. Morton's bill would main
tain a hands-of attitude on the
uses to which the States would
put the money, as does the Sen
ate bill. Expenditure of aid funds
would be governed entirely by
State school laws.
No Figures on Aid.
Mr.. Morton gave no figure on
the amount of aid he contem-
plates. The Senate and Barden
bills authorize $300,000.000 a year
to the States. to be apportioned
according to formulas based on
the number of Sabotage chill
dren.
Public pressure continued to
mount, meanwhile. from both
sides in the bitter dispute touched
OF by Francis Cardinal Spellman's
denunciation Of the Barden bill as
"anti-Catholic," and his. subse-
quent exchange with Mrs. Eleanor
Roosevelt over what he called her
"anti-Catholic bias" Mrs. Roose-
welt replied she was not biased BUT
still believes in separation OF
church and state. 1t was on this
ground that she supported The
Barden bill ban against spending
Federal money on non-publ1c
schools such as parochial schools.
AS mail flooded in on Congress
men, many members came TO the
conclusion that aid-to-educatlon
was dead for this session Of Con-
sress at least-killed of by its re-
lieiouS aspects.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27
Shaw, Turned %, Refuse,
To Read Congratulations
By the Associated Press

AYoT ST. LAWRENCE. Eng
land, July 27.-Still needle sharp
in the wits but a bit shaky in the
legs, Bernard Shaw turned SO yes
terday.
1mpish as ever, the reedy old
sage refused to open any OF his
50-odd congratulatory kilograms.
Hes just putting it off," ex-
planned his housekeeper, Mrs.
Alice Laden.
Shaw's caustic views on birth
days-especially his own-have
long imposed a studied normally
on July 26 in the Shaw household.
There were no visitors, Mrs.
Laden said, and the famed Irish
playwright spent most of the day
trying to keep cool as the mercury
CROPPED into the 80s.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27

NEW YORK. July 27.-The
teri OF the letter OF Mrs. Frank
lin D. Roosevelt to Francis Car
dinal Spetlman tollo,1s:'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27

chusetts avenue with the cab fol.
lowing. Mr.. Leer called police
over his radio telephone, but then
he lost track of the two.
He and the messenger kept
cruising and located the pair on
Massachusetts avenue near Sheri-
dan Circle as the police car ar
rived. Policemen Michael Nc
Carthy and j. J. Bobinger placed
the two men under arrest without
struggle.
Police said they recovered $3.50
Of the money.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27

dren anywhere equal rights o.
benefits. 1t is. however. the deci'
sion of parents when they select
a private or denominations
school, whether it be Episcopal
Wesleyan, Jewish or Roman Cath
olic.
II can assure you that I have
no prejudice. I understand the
beliefs of the Roman Catholic
Church very well. I happen tc
be Protestant and I prefer my
own church. but that does not
make me feel that any one has
any less right to believe as his
own convictions guide him"
Speaks of Mindzenty Case.
Mrs. Roosevelt said that IF you
carefully studied my record
think you would not find it one
of nti-Catholic or anti-any-re
ligious group.
Il have no bias against the
Roman Catholic Church and ]
have supported Gov. Smith as
Governor and worked for him as
a candidate for the Office of Pres
ident of the United States. I have
supported for public Office many
other Roman Catholic candidates.
you speak of the Mindzenty
case. I spoke out very clearly
against any unfair type of trial
and anything anywhere in our
country which might seem like
attack on an individual because
of his religious beliefs.
{ II can not, however, say that
in European countries the control
by the Roman Catholic Church
of great areas of land has always
led to happiness for the people
of those countries"
Calls Attack Unjust.
Bishop Gilbert in a statement
yesterday said he deplored what
he called the bitter and unjust
attack" on Mrs. Roosevelt. He
said she lis recognized the world
over as the dauntless champion OF
human rights and justice and fair
dealings among men and nations. "
The Public Affairs Committee
Of Freedom House, which includes
the officers of the organization
devoted to world freedom. also
said that I'VE deplore the attack
upon Mrs. Roosevelt by Cardinal
Spellman.
New York officials of the Amer
leans for Democratic Action also
issued a statement in support Of
Mrs. Roosevelt yesterday.
Bishop Gilbert said that "as
one who would uphold the consti.
tutional provisions and the tradi.
lions upon which our freedom il
based, and who believes that the
welfare of the church as well as
the state depends on their CON-
plete separation, he backs Mrs
Roosevelt's stand.
Freedom House Statement.
The Freedom House Statement
said of Mrs. Roosevelt:
"She is so far above the shadow
Of suspicion of religious intoler-
ance that any such suggestion
would normally be ignored as un-
worthy of comment. The direct at
tack upon her by responsible
leader of our community is there
fore a source Of amazement.'
The executive committee OF the
New York State Board. of Direc-
tors Of Americans for Democratic
Action expressed concern over
the intersection of personal and
religious beliefs into the discussion
Of public affairs"
The committee affirmed its con-
fidence in Mrs. Roosevelt as "a
person devoted to tolerance and
mutual respect" and deplored any
personal attack" based on differ
!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1949-07-27
Bronx Girl, 20, Survives
Brooklyn Bridge Leap
By the Associated Press

NEW YORK, July 27.-A 20
year-old girl plunged from the
Brooklyn Bridge. landed in the
East River about 100 feet below
and was alive today-one of few
to survive the leap.
The girl, Grace Cakeuras of the
Bronx, was listed in fair condition
at Cumberland Hospital, Brooklyn.
She was pulled from the water
by the crew of a tugboat. Police
said she was discharged last week
from the observation ward at
Bellevue Hospital.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15
Keeping in Touch With Washington
Brannan Plan Stored?
Washington

National Farmers Union-are OPP
posed.
Brannan's trip to the 11-state
sland, water and jobs" conference
Sept. 1919 in San Francisco was a
tip-off to administration plans to or
ganize farmer-labor groups for the
Brannan plan.
Just as he appeared with Secre-
tary of Labor Tobin at the New York
state meeting, Brannan was on the
program with Tobin for the west
coast parley.
From all indications, administra-
ton strategy at present is to accept
the Anderson compromise or some
variation this year and renew the
Brannan plan to fight in the next
session of congress and in next years
campaigns.
But there is an obstacle to these
plans.
Unless the Democratic senate and
house can agree on new farm legis-
lation this year, the Aiken act would
automatically take effect next jan
uary.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15

The Anderson compromise
would keep government price
supports at 80 percent of parity
through 1850 on the six basic
crops-corn. wheat. cotton. to-
bacco. rice and peanuts.
In future years, these supports
would range from rs to 90 percent
of parity if quotas were in effect,
the average depending upon the
size of the supply of a commodity.
Whole milk and butterfat would
be supported at rs to 80 percent
Such special commodities as shorn
wool, Irish potatoes and tung nuts
would get so to 80 percent.
Other commodities could be sup
ported anywhere from one to 80
percent, depending upon funds
available.
The Gore farm bill, passed by the
house, would merely extend this
years rigid 80 percent support pro-
gram for basic commodities and re-
peal the Aiken 5000 percent sup
port law.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15

IN the ADMINISTRATORS deep-1reeZer!
This is the question being
asked in Washington now that
MI. Truman has made If known
TO senate farm leaders that he
will accept the compromise An
derson farm bill this year.
His Labor day farm speech in
Des Moines, Ia, appears to have
answered the question in the af-
firmative.
While the president told his Des
Moines audience that he is con-
WINGED that the 81st congress would
adopt the Brannan plan in the long
run, he didn't predict it would be
done at this session.
Had he done this he would have
put himself in a contradictory po-
sition with respect to what he told
his senate farm leaders before leav-
ing Washington for Des Moines.
So the Brannan plan seems to be
IN the deep-freezer-momentarily at
Nashville the compromise farm
bill drafted by former Secretary of
Agriculture Clinton P. Anderson,
now u. S. senator from New Mex
leo, has the green light this year.
The Anderson compromise is not
a compromise "Brannan plan" 1t
is a compromise between the Aiken
flexible farm price support law en-
acted last year and the Gore farm
bill passed last July by the house
of representatives.
At one time, there was a slight
concession to the Brannan plan in
the Anderson compromise which
would have permitted use of the
subsidy plan on a few fruits and
vegetables.
But in the course of the dozen Or
more times the Anderson measure
was rewritten, all likenesses to the
Brannan plan were eliminated.
So, for this session of congress the
administration realizes that the
Brannan plan is definitely out of
the picture.
The house defeated the proposal
for a trial" run last July and now
the senate-with the understanding
of President Truman-has a farm
bill which ignores the plan entirely.
But there is every indication that
the administration plans to take
the Brannan plan out of the deep
freezer to make a political issue of
it in the 1850 congressional cam
paigns.
Secretary of Agriculture Charles
F. Brannan is still transforming the
country. He says the people just
don't yet understand the plan and
need to be educated"
The day before President Truman
and senate farm leaders held their
White House conference which re-
suited in unanimous senate agricul-
ture committee approval of the An
derson bill, Secretary Brannan was
in the industrial section of upper
New York state speaking in behalf
of the plan.
Accompanying him was Secretary
of Labor Maurice J. Tobin, which is
in line with the campaign to try
to win labor support as well as farm
support for the Brannan plan.
This recalled that some of the ma
Montana farmer-stockman., 1949-09-15


Comparing the Anderson bill
and the Gore bill. the best guess
of government experts is that
the lowest possible price support
levels for 1850. based on the
parity index of last July Is.
would be about as follows:
Anderson
Crop Gore Bill Compromise
Wheat, bu. =. $1.94 $1.84
Corn, bu. 49,. 1.41 1.35
Cotton, 1b. :. .2723 1888
Rice, bu. 49,. 1.78 2.O9
Peanuts, lb. los .0999
Effectiveness of these supports
would depend largely on co-opera-
ton of growers in production con-
troll programs. In addition to the
basic crops, both bills outline mini
mum supports for other crops.
Some of the supports under the
house bill follow: Butterfat, 578
cents a pound; wholesale milk, 1881
a hundred pounds; hogs, $3.50 a
hundred; eggs, .472 a dozen; flax
seed, $2.47 a bushel; soybeans, $1.40
a bushel; potatoes, SLOT a bushel;
dry field peas, $500 a hundred
pounds; beans, $4.93 a hundred; tur-
keys, oil cents a pound, and wool,
.423 cents a pound.
Evening star., 1949-05-01

wn.ss~,as ssss ssE'. Care
We ssase& ! 9Nss Ne = N4sses8
We 4. 1 aess We 4 fSi@asa. No s.
- osss-Ne | bear HsSssa safs4
We | Asssy. sssss II tSeTzes kffies--
Msltanx, osszs ao~stnsis tss< stsI -
West African natives are desei-
orang O taste for herring from the
North Sea Ia preference 70
sharks. Nigeris Yeports.
Evening star., 1949-05-01

J. r. Fitzpatrick. Other members:
j. Hanson Beall. Security Saw
ings; L. Clark Brown. Union
Trust; w. L. Koontz, Anacostia
National: Leonard Marbury,
Washington Loan; Thomas j.
Norris, Commerce g. Savings; Cor
coran Thorn, jr., Riggs National.
Two Directors Elected.
Howard de Franceaux. president
of Insurance Advisory Service,
Inc, in the Barr Building, yester-
day announced the election of new
directors, Thomas Grant. associ-
ated with the law firm of Buckley
g. Danzansky, and William Shell
ton, jr., an official Of L. P.
Steuart, Inc.
,Mrs De Franceaux is rounding
out a very successful year In ad-
yisory insurance. He has had
many years experience in the in
surance business and reported TO
the stockholders that the COM
pany is enjoying steady expansion.
Telephone Earnings Rise.
Net income of the Chesapeake
& Potomac Telephone Co. in the
first three monhs of 1949 amount
ed to $945,879, a gain OF $61, lib
over the like 1948 period, officials
reported to the Public Utilities
Commission yesterday.
Net income for March, however.
amounting to $319,275, showed a
decrease of $3,691 for the same
Evening star., 1949-05-01

month a year ago. At the end Of
March. there were 450.959 tele-
phones In service, a gain of 81 ,282
phones In IL months.
The American Association Of
Advertising Agencies has elected
M. Belmont Yer Standig of Wash
ington to membership. Mr.. Yer
Standig started the agency five
years ago. He formerly owned and
published several newspapers.
The Edgar Morris Sales Co. Is
observing its 30th year in the elec-
trical appliance business. Thirty
wonderful years." Mr.. Morris COM
ments.
ID. &. Store Sales Tumble.
In the week ending April %,
Washington department store sales
recorded a decline of Is per cent
from the corresponding week a
year ago and the same drop from
the preceding week this year, the
Richmond Reserve Bank reported.
Sales in the four weeks ending on
April % were up 9 per cent over
the like 1948 period. The report
covers the first week after Easter.
A stock exchange session again
will feature the Bond Club outing
at the Manor Club. May 27. G..
Fenton Cramer, president, has an
nounced.
John D. Marsh Is a candidate
for trustee of the National Asso-
citation of Life Underwriters to
succeed H. Cochran Fisher whose
term expires.
Trans World Airline will note
20 years of transcontinental pas
senger service on July 8.
Loans by Washington banks
gained 1902, 900 in the week
ended April 20. Demand deposits
dropped following Easter.
Maryland's 102 State banks re-
ported deposit drop of $27 ,023,157
in the first quarter. Loans in
creased,
Evening star., 1949-05-01
Dividends Announced

NEW YORK. April 40 R,-Dividends
declared, @ So a. - -
Evening star., 1949-05-01

noon when the u. M. Emnerieh.
offices were jamrned with visitors,
q profusion of flowers adding much
to the general effect. The main
floor space has been used to splen-
did advantage for the public and
the officers and employees.
The basement has recreation
rooms, lunch and conference space
and lounges. The boardroom. how
ever, outshines everything else in
both finish and equipment. Visitors
predicted some long directors
meetings amid such surroundings.
Liberty Is leaving a landmark at
511 Seventh street, occupied for
So years. needed expansion causing
the change. The officers are Will
liam c. Zimmerman. board chair
man; z. M. Emmerich. president
and secretary: w. w. White. vice
president; Charles E. Frazier,
treasurer. Current resources are
$4,000, 900. a new high.
New Committee Named.
Joseph r. Fitzpatrick, vice presi-
dent and cashier. Second Ma
tional Bank, has been appointed
chairman of the Transportation
Evening star., 1949-05-01
Woshinqton Stock Exchange
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