davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1949-10-30

The first Is his own decision to
accept OEC's division of Marshall
Plan funds, for the current fiscal
year, as firm for the first six
months only.
That means that countries
which cooperate quickly in the
steps being advocated by the
United States may get a larger
share of prosperity producing
Marshall-dollars as soon as jan
uary /. They would get them at
the expense of countries which
dragged their feet.
Second. If Europe fails to get
the teamwork bandwagon rolling
before Mr.. Hoffman returns to Con-
gress for the third-year ECA ap-
preparation next spring. the dollar
total available for all Is likely to
be severely curtailed. Mr.. Hoffman
does not have to threaten the
ministers with this. A gentle pri-
vate reminder should be sufficient.
ECA does not expect the Euro
peans to sweep away all OF their
traditional obstacles to trade
overnight, any more than we could
repeal the whole American tariff
system with one chop. It does,
however. advocate the following,
most of which Mr.. Hoffman will
outline tomorrow:
/. Vigorous action to liberalize
trade by wiping out quantitative
import restrictions between Mar
shall Plan countries. Recently
Italy. France and Britain lifted
the ban which prevented more
than a certain amount of a long
list Of products from entering
their countries. Buy many such
restrictive quotas remain. Mr..
Hoffman considers this a good
start but not enough. He wants all
such bars down.
Evening star., 1949-10-30

U. K. Tlme-Watches, ST.
00O,00
Kelvinator - Refrigerators,
100000.
Honeywell Brown-Measuring
instruments. 100000.
There also are many minority
American investments in Brit
ish companies. Americans have
bought shares in British COM
panies through the stock mar
ket.
American oil companies have
put money into branches of the
British oil refining and dis
tributing industry. And a num-
Der of American companies,
established here since prewar
days, have injected new capital
into their business.
Reasons vary for these Amer
lean actions. Most American
Arms started up in Britain to
avoid British trade and tariff
carriers. Empire preference
tariffs stimulated establish
ment OF American branch Of
fees.
Since the war. Britain's acute
dollar shortage led to stringent
restrictions on American i'm
ports. Americans who didn't
want to lose their markets
started factories here.
The cut in the dollar value
Evening star., 1949-10-30
By John c. Henry

tack in the Chamber Of
Deputies.
While the history of the Arab
League does not provide sub
stance for great confidence in
its military effectiveness. any
progress toward genuine agree
ment among the member ma
tions for common defensive
action might mean much in
terms Of cooperation with the
western bloc in event Of ag-
gression from the north.
Greece, Turkey and Iran-not
Arab League members-provide
q first line Of resistance to Com
munist probing toward the
Middle East at present but these
would be strengthened i'm
measurably by adoption Of .
real mutual aid policy by the
Arab group proper.
At the western end Of the
Evening star., 1949-10-30

and independent in the economic
sense.
But If Britain's unique difficult
ties are to be resolved, If Europe
is to have the broad market for
goods which it needs for a steadily
expanding economy and higher liv-
ing standards, if America is not
to have to 60 on subsidizing
Europe forever or else give up its
goal of a stable, prosperous con-
tinent as a bulwark against Com
munism and a strong force for
peace. then those reforms must be
undertaken, and without delay.
For this is the time when the
Job can be done, and the chance
may never come again. Europe's S
gains have been enormous. The
immediate shock of war has been
relieved. Production has been
given tremendous impetus.
But the whole shebang is riding
on the wave of imports provided
by gift-dollars. II by 1852 the
creaky joints Of the continental
machinery have not been modern
lied. the end of the Marshall Plan
would leave the continent in Sc
rious trouble.
The ossified structures Of the old
system, hide-bound by tradition.
can never be swept away without
outside pressure. Some European
statesmen see the picture. want to
do 1t, but need the impelling factor
Of urgent necessity to overcome
the weight of reluctant inertia
and special interests which sur
round them.
That pressure must come from
the United States. We are in the
position of the banker who, in
making a loan, insists on his
clients doing the things which will
make his business go.
Except we are not loaning the
money, we are giving it away.
Evening star., 1949-10-30
.TanaiCaLikes
British
By J. Holcro Ferguson

On the small mountainous is
land of Jamaica live over q mil
lion people, half of the entire
population of the British West In
dies. Predominantly they are Of
West African descent. and Jamai-
ca has indeed many African char
acteristics. But it is not only Afri-
can. Centuries of British rule
have left an English stamp on the
island, while the proximity Of
Cuba and the tendency Of Jamai-
cans to leave their overcrowded
island to work temporarily in
Panama and Central America have
added a Latin influence as well.
Yet it would be untrue to regard
Jamaica as mere ethnic melt
ing pot. Jamaica is Jamaican.
Where Barbadians, TrinidadianS
and Antiguans are liable to de-
scribe themselves when abroad as
simply West Indians, a man from
Kingston or Montego Bay will de-
scribe himself as Jamaican. At
the last conference held to discuss
a closer West Indian union, 1t was
Jamaica who proved the least will
ing to merge her separate identity
into common whole.
Opponents Are Cousins
jamaican politics cut right across
color lines. The leader Of the
majority party. Alexander Busta-
mante, and the leader Of the Peo-
pies National Party (the Socialist
opposition) Norman Manley, K. c..
are colored. In fact, they are
cousins.
Today for all its proletarian
and trade union
trappings (Bustamante is presl-
dent of his own union for life),
the Bustamante Party has def
nitely moved to the right. It's
warmest supporters are the is
lands big sugar interests, who
think they can control the shock
haired leader.
New elections are due before tho
end Of this year, and Jamaicans
await them with q certain trepida-
ton. Recent local elections have
brought forth charges and coun-
tercharges Of fraud and violence,
and the atmosphere is heated.
Jamaica Is, indeed. in an
unhappy position economically.
though Bustamantists claim she
will benefit by the recent sugar
One Of her chief prob
lems is lack OF dollars. and every
thing is being done to attract
s. tourists may enter
the country with neither passport
nor visa.
(Copyrisht, London Observer
vorsisn Ssrvicf
Evening star., 1949-10-30
By BIoir MOODY
Speeiol 10 The Sunday Stor

. 2. A central banking system for
Western Europe and free inter-
changeability of currency among
at least some European countries
now. eventually among all.
3. An end to dual pricing, I"
which is extensively practiced
throughout Europe. Countries
keep their prices down at home
by controls and soak their neigh
bors for the same product. This
is not mutual aid" Mr.. Hoffman
believes, but a mutual gyp game,
contrary to the Marshall concept.
4. Progressive reduction of tar
IFS.
Few Contest Steps
S. A strong. specific program OF
expanded dollar-earnings to cut
down and eventually eliminate the
gap" between Europe's imports
from and exports to America,
which is now being filled by ECA's
gift-dollars.
6. A system of supranational
agencies with international exec
utive power to make continental
economic decisions by a less than
unanimous vote and order them
put in effect.
Few of the top Europeans. If
any, contest these steps in princi-
rple. The trouble to date has been
too many words In the field of
continental economic integration,
and too little action.
It is unquestionably true that
the problem Of the hard pressed
British is loaded with difficulties
and that it would be unwise, if
not impossible, to impose in one
lump all Of the fundamental eco
nomic reforms which are absolute
ly vital, If Europe, in the long run,
is ever to become self-sl1pportinp
Evening star., 1949-10-30

to establish an American price"
for farm and non-farm products.
The bill was defeated in 1924
and again in 1926. 1t passed in
1927 and was vetoed by President
Coolidge on the ground that its
|price-fixing features were uncon-
stitutional. Revised in 1928 to
eliminate price fixing, 1t was We
toed again on the ground that the
equalization fee was an improper
tax for the benefit of particular
groups"
The depression had a much moro
disastrous effect on farm prices
than on industrial prices and the
advent of the New Deal in 1888
put many new laws on the books
to help the farmer.
Early New Deal legislation pro-
vided only indirect price supports
by curtailing production and as
sisting in the disposal of surpluses.
The first Agricultural Adjustment
Act of 1888 authorized payment
Of compensation to farmers in re-
turn for agreements to curtaf
acreage, the payments to be
financed by an agricultural pro-
cessing tax. That was invalidated
by the Supreme Court in 1896.
Start of Parity
Then in 1898 Congress passed
the second Agricultural Adjust
ment Act in February. That meas
ure established direct price sup
ports for basic farm crops for the
first time. It provided also for
parity payments" equal TO the
difference between actual and
parity prices to producers of basic
crops cooperating in acreage linn
itations.
Despite the supports, farm prices
fell until they reached an index
low of 95 by 1889. But the out
break of the war in Europe sharply
reversed the trend and the farm
problem suddenly became one Of
increasing production and curbing
prices rather than reducing sur
pluses and supporting prices.
Rapid rise of prices during 1941
put strong pressure on Congress to
enact control legislation. But after
months of wrangling the farm bloc
won again and as finally enacted
in January, 1912. the Price Control
Act exempted farm prices from
control until they had reached 110
per cent of parity.
President Roosevelt repeatedly
asked for effective control Of farm
prices and finally on September Z.
1912, he threatened to take action
himself unless Congress complied
with his demands. But he sug-
gested that fair minimum
price" should be assured farmers
for whatever period is necessary
after the war"
The Sterilization Act of Octo-
Der 2. 1912, embodied a compro-
mise on this basis. It authorized
farm price ceilings at 100 per cent
of parity. or the highest market
price reached between January I
and September Is, 1912, and pro.
vided for an increase in price sup
ports to 80 per cent Of parity until
two years after the termination Of
hostilities.
Thus the 80 per cent figure came
into the picture and the 81st Con-
gress saw to it that it remains
for at least another year.
Evening star., 1949-10-30
'Curley Gets
Things Done
By jones F. Kino

BOSTON.-James Michael Cur
1ay-the last Of the old-style big
city bosses still in power-is run
ming again for Mayor Of Boston.
Just Is vigorous as ever at the
age Of IS, he looks like the man
to beat In q field of flve.
Once before he did it-winning
reelection as an alderman after
serving a jail term for taking q
postal examination for q friend.
Mr.. Curley never lost his $20. .000-
a-year job as Mayor when he
went to the penitentiary for i've
months in 1947.
The men the Republican Legis-
lature named Acting Mayor when
Curley was away from the City
Hall-City Clerk John B. Hynes-
Is now one of his rivals in this
election.
Mr.. Curley is still using the same
slogan that has made him q
stormy figure in Bay State pol
itics for over q half century:
"Curley gets things DONE"
Field Is Split
And his four opponents all are
raising the same cry:
Let's end Curleyism."
Once again the field is split;
and once again the Curley admin
istration is virtually the sole issue.
Hynes posters read: Restore
Dignity to Boston; he stood the
test in 1947, he will in 1949."
Governors Councillor Patrick j.
(Sonny) McDonough: MY pledge
as Mayor - Clean and Honest
Government for Boston,
George Oakes, realtor and one
time leader of the movement for
a city-manager type Of govern
ment in Boston: Lets Have .
Clean Sweep of City Hall"
The other mayoral candidate
Walter A. O'Brien.. jr.. Of Henry
Wallace's Progressive Party-has
been devoting most Of his cam
paign to appealing for Congress
to set up a new WPA to create
jobs.
Meanwhile Mr.. Curley rolls
along over the same political road
that he's sometimes found pretty
rocky in the past-yet ignoring
his opponents this time.
But he's giving his campaign
one modernistic touch that his
younger opponents haven't taken
UP yet-using television to replace
the old street-corner rallies where
he made his start.
Distributed by the Associated Prsss9
Evening star., 1949-10-30

Ol pOGIl SlOSS dCAllOW1COSA16 VI4V
cold facts Of the situation, decid-
ing that they live in the same
world whether they like 1t or not,
and that they might as well make
the best of it.
On our part the newly reor-
gsnized Bureau of American Re-
public Affairs is convinced that
President Peron, or the regime he
heads, controls the Argentine
nation. and is likely to do so for
some time to come.
Meantime, the Argentine rulers
have found that all their breast
beating and berating Of the capi-
taistic Yankees of Wall Street
may have tickled the fancy Of the
nationalistic spectators in the
gallery, but it didn't put dollars
in the treasury. They are still
unable to buy the modern manu-
factures from this country which
they so much need.
Name.Callin9 Over
At least. as a practical busi-
nessman, and not professional
diplomat, our new envoy to Buenos
Aires, Ambassador Stanton Griffs,
will walk into an atmosphere more
suited to his talents and back
ground than he found in Poland
or Egypt, the two previous posts
In which he served.
According to one important
State Department official, THE
time for name-calling and re-
elimination is over. 1t has gotten
us exactly nowhere. The Argen-
tines now say they want to do
business with us. They have sent
a group of experts here to sit down
with us in what is called the Joint
Argentine United States Commit
tee for Commercial Studies. and
talk things over. We are trying
to give them the facts that gov
ern our trade and commercial
policy. while at the same time lis
tening to their views.
There are many complica-
tions," he declared, "the most
serious of the difficulties are of
their own making, but some are
ours. One thing certain. If they
want to sell to us they will have
to meet the market demands, both
in the matter Of products and
prices. In order to do this they
will have to remove some of their
export taxes and other arbitrary
restrictions on business.
From our standpoint" he went
on, "our people have a tremen-
dous investment stake in Argen-
tina. They have hundreds of mil
lions of dollars invested in pack
ing plants, utilities. banks. branch
plants. trading companies and
other legitimate enterprises. Hun
dreds of thousands of our citizens
throughout the country have
stock in these companies. We
would Ike to help them to get out
some of their earnings. or at least
salvage their investments. This
can't be done unless the Argen-
tines get more dollars. They can't
get more dollars unless we find
way to buy more goods from
them"
Many Barter Agreements
Unable to sell their products for
dollars, the Argentines have been
going about the world frantically
trying to swap wheat and other
agricultural products for oil. ma
chinery and all types Of manu-
factured goods. The Peron gov
ernment has just signed. or is
about to sign, what. actually
Evening star., 1949-10-30
Effect of New Farm Bill
On Prices Still Indefinite
Likely Continuation of Present Support
Levels Dashes Consumers Hopes of
Any Widespread Reductions
by Wheeler johnson

adjourn Congress and left behind
write Of price
While not complete victory for the highsupport faction Of
bloc faint hope the city dweler had
would be reduced was killed OF in the compromise"
provision the 80
Evening star., 1949-10-30
America and Argentina
Are Burying the Hatchet
Basic Difficulties Affecting Relations
Between Our Government and Peron's
Now Economic, Not Political
By Edword Tomlinson

bitter and drawnou cold between Washington
Argentina be At
diplomatic relations between the two countries
realistic basis
This changed q matter estranged
making agreeing forget the
Evening star., 1949-10-30
Many Barter Agreements

Unable to sell their products for
dollars, the Argentines have been
going about the world frantically
trying to swap wheat and other
agricultural products for oil. ma
chinery and all types Of manu-
factured goods. The Peron gov
ernment has just signed, or Is
about to sign, what. actually
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
REIKIA zIURETI, KAIP
KITAS VAzIUOJA

Susisiekimo policija pranesa
kad beveik kiekvienos automo.
biliu nelaimes vietoje randa nu.
kentejusius karstai besibaran.
cius Geigu jie dar gall bartis y
ir kaltinancius viens kita, kan
negerai vaziavo.
Apple 1919 vairuotoju, ku.
riems atsitinka nelaimes, daz.
niausiai, pasirodo, yra netemi-
je, kaip kitas vaziuoa, per daug
pasitikedami savo gabumu val
ruoti.
O pagrindine taisykle yra =
ziurek kito vairavima lygiai,
kaip savo! Cali butt geriausias
vairuotojas, bet jei kitas ne
teisingai vaziuos, O jo nesisau-
gosi, nesugebesi laiku sustoti
ir nukentesi. o paskui kaltini-
mai kitam yra jau Wis tick pa
veluoti -.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
sKUBEKITE .vIsI, vIsI!

Jau visa savaite, kaip ma
tome lietuviu lankomose Veto
Sc atsisaukima, prasidedan t
siais zodziais. Jis kviecia sku-
beti Clevelando Lietuviu Trem-
tiniu Draugijos rengiama ge-
guzine - piknika, kuris ivyks
81 sekmadieni, rugpiucio % d.,
DR.. Tamosaiciu sode prie ezero,
26OO1 Lake Shore Blvd. Pradzia
2 valanda.
Nuvaziuoti galima miesto SUI
sisiekimo priemonemis. Visu pir-
ma is savo gyvenamosios vie
tos reikia nuvaziuoti Xxi Euclid
Beach. IS daugumos vietu va
ziuojant reikia persesti. IS Euc-
lid Beach reikia sesti autobusa
County Line (mokestis 10 c.)
ir vaziuoti Xxi 26O gatves. Cia
pat ir bus 26OO1 Lake Shore
Blvd.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
8 kaS ir kur g

F. Saukevicius su Selma Ian
kesi Kanadoje. Grizo suzavetas
Hamiltono nauja lietuviu kolo-
Mia. Didziausio ispddzio pada-
riusios pamaldos, kur pilnoje
baznyteleje susirinke lietuviai
visi graziai gieda lietuviskas
giesmes. Taip pat, sake, net
keista, kai natal istisa minia
lietuviu ir visi MAJ daug tarp
20 ir 40 metu amziaus, visi
energingi, gyvi, veiklus ;.
FL. Bagocius, advokatas is
Bostono, buves ilgametis SLA
pirmininkas, savo atostogu ke-
liones metu, buvo uzsukes
Clevelanda ir apsilanke DIRVOS
redakcijoje. Susipazines ir pa
sikalbejes, isskubejo dar Pitts
burgha ir paskui namo prize
d arbo.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
HAZEL LEMPKE

bene vienintele moteris kandi-
date j Councilman vieta nuo
22-os apylinkes kreipiasi DIR
VOS skaitytojus ir visus sios
apylinkes lietuvius, kviesdama
JUGS, kad paremtu ja primrose
nominacijose, spaliu (Oct.) 4
diena. il siekianti miesto tary-
bos mario vietos todel, kad ma
nanti, jog esanti tam visai kva-
lifikuota. Gerai pazistanti 22-os
apylinkes gyventojus ir ju rel
kalus, mes gyvenanti cia jau Is
metu. JOS nuomone, sioj miesto
daily reikia pagerinimu ir zada
uz tai kovoti. Sake, kad jos
namai atviri visiems kaimy-
mans is 22-os apylinkes, kick
vienas gall uzeiti ir pasakyti,
ka jis galvoja apie sios miesto
dalies reikalus. il yra isteke-
just, turf 3 dukteris ir 3 anukes.
DIRVA, zinoma, nesiima at
sakomybes uz kandidatu paza-
dus, bet vertina ta fakta, kad
ir kitatauciai kandidatai jaucia
cionai gyvenanciu lietuviu reiks-
me ir kreipiasi j JUGS. Lietu-
viams ir patterns reikia sia sa-
vo reiksme atitinkamai ivertin-
tt ir kandidatams, uz kuriuos
jie rengiasi balsuoti, isdestyti
savo pageidavimus.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26

4 kambariai zemai ir 4 kamba-
rial SUI maudyne 'virsuj. Nerl-
dyjancio plieno "sinka". Bran
giu linoleumu isklotos virtuves
grindys. As yardu Wilton patie-
salai (carpets) ant laiptu. "Sa-
nitas" sienos virtuvej. Priean-
giai SUI langais. Atskiras kam-
barys prie virtuves. Puiki mau-
dyne aukstai, prausykla zemai.
Vienas ''mentelis" priesaky ze-
mai ir vienas aukstai. Skalinis
(Slate) stogas. Garazas. Saw
ninkai isvyksta j California
rugsejo Is d. kama - kaip
skubant parduoti. Imoketi rel
kia So 1000. Pirkejas gaus
daug baldq ir kitq geru priedu
prie namo.
Sis grazus vienos seimos ma
mas yra 1929 Whitethorn gatv.
Paziurekit Siandien!
Telefonuokite:
V. Greicius, GIL 22S6
TAYLOR REALTY co.
KE 5OO6
1852 Lake Shore Blvd.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
TURESIME CLEVELANDE
OAR NEMATYTAS IsKILMES

Tautos sventes minejimas,
kaip dabar galutinai paaiskejo,
ivyks rugsejo menesio II die
ma, sekmadieni, Lietuviu Saleje.
Valanda bus pranesta kitame
DIRVOS numeryje. Minejimo
programai rengiasi choras, So
kejai ir kitos menines pajegos.
Bet ypatingiausioji Tautos
sventes paminejimo dalis bus
pacia rugsejo s diena LIETU-
VIU DARzELYJE. Ten bus We
liavos pakelimo ir nuleidimo is
kilmes
Veliavos pakelimas ivyks ank-
sti ryta, Z valanda, SUI kukles-
nemis apeigomis, didesnes is
kilmes bus veliava nuleidziant,
vakare: $50 val.
lSkllmeS atlikS lietuvial Skau-
tai. Clevelando lietuviai kviecia-
mi kuo gausiausiai dalyvauti
tose iskilmese, kurios bus at
liktos SUI atitinkamomis tradi-
cinemis apeigomis, daugumo Gle
velandieciu dar nematytomis.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
GQ@QV2!?&{{@{{%Ia&dES%& |?

organizacijas ir tiesiog per DIP
komisija, BALFas atsiunte
DIRVA ir clevelandieciai ju ne
mokamai gall gauti.
Kitur gyvenantieji tue reikalu
prasomi kreiptis j vietinius BAL
Fo skyrius arba tiesiog j BALFo
centra, 105 Grand St., Brooklyn,
N. U.
| DIRVA laiskais prasom del
del blanku nesikreipti.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
DIR. V. KUDIRKOS DRAUGIJOS

menesinis susirinkimas ivyks
ketvirtadieni, rugsejo 1 d., Lie
tuviu Svetaineje, $685. Superior
Ave., 8 val. yak. Nariai kvie-
ciami butinai dalyvauti ir butt
pasiruose sumoketi nariu duok-
les.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
SASKIU - CHECKER
RUNGTYNES

Rugsejo 3-6 dienomis Cleve-
lande, YMCA centre, 22OO Pros
pect Ave., ivyks saskiu-checker
rungtynes. Cali dalyvauti vyrai,
moterys ir vaikai. Bus jauniu ir
pradedanciu grupes. Dalyvavi-
mo mokestis = S5.-. Laimeto-
jams dovanu bus $780,
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
MIRIMA Al

JUOZAS BRAZYS (Brazek)
is Riviera Beach, atvykes Gle
velanda atostogu, staiga mire
Strides liga rugpiucio IL d., 558
E. 1872 St. Palaidotas is sv. Jur-
gio baznycios rugpiucio 16 d..
Laidotuvem patarnavo Wilkelis
Funeral Home. Liko zmona Jo-
sephine ir dukte Lillian.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
LABAI GERI PIRKINIAI

1418, 1920 E. 61st St. Du dvieju
seimu namai, sklypas As X 143,
kama tik S $500. Viename name
5 ir 4 kambariai, kitame 4 ir 4.
Namas duoda $500 nuomos
per menesi ir ,savininkas pats
gyvena.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26

AVIACIJOS LENKTYNES
ivyks Clevelando aerodrome rug
sejo 3, 4 ir 5 id. Dalyvaus 1000
dalyviu is aviacijos, laivyno, ma
cionalines gvardijos Kanados
aviacijos pajegu.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1949-08-26
NAUJOJI PARAPIJA

kita sekmadieni, rugsejo a d.,
baznycios sode rengia vasaros
festival. Bus zaidimu, pasilinks-
minimo, vaisiu. Pradzia 2 val.
Iejimas 35 c.