davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget., 1949-07-18

ing in it's localized efforts is not disputed. Your committee heard testimonials from labor union presidents. national presidents and factory owners in which it was admitted that strife and bitter dis sension had been replaced by har- mOny and friendship as a result of the influence of moral rearma- meHt.
 Coal mine operators from the Ruhr Valley and union bosses out If their mines gave testimony to the effectiveness of the plays The Good Road and The Forgotten Factor and acknowledged they had changed their attitude toward the other as a result of the impact of these dramas.
 The success of the movement in industrial disputes lead Dr. John R. Steelman, former director of the United States Cancellation Service om 1897 to l944, to say:
 Tt is the most effective single force for industrial cancellation in the country"
 Many world figures have prais- ed the efforts of this altruistic group and il is interesting to note the comments fo the Department of Justice in a memorandum dated April l, l949, and I quote from it the following language:
 Moral rearmament is a world force having as it's principal ob- jective adequate theological pre- paredneSS of free nations for the theological conflicts in which the world is now engaged, and its ob- jectives are recognized by the De- partment as worthy and helpful in the strengthening of democratic forces throughout the world"
 This fortnight statement from the Justic Department coincides with Nazi Gestapo statement contained in secret documen. discovered by American troops during the last war in which the Nazis ordered the movement to be stamped out and charged specific ally that moral rearmament was the Christian garment cloaking world democratic aims"
 During the conference and since then l have assembled large amount of data on this movement and I have questioned closely those who have expressed any doubt about its aims and in fair ness l must admit that all evidence points toward complete vindication of the charges sometimes made by narrow-minded clerics and by well-meaning but ill-informed persons. 1t seems to me that all too often the heavy hand of ob- struction is laid upon movements originating outside established in- stitutions. We are inclined to sus-
The Nome nugget., 1949-07-18
WORLD ASSEMBLY FOR MORAL BEREAVEMENT
 Congressional Record-House of Representatives,

appointed pursuant to House Res olution 232, I was privileged to at tend the World Assembly for Moral Rearmament as observer at Caux, Switzerland, along with the gentleman from New York Mr. O'Toole), the gentleman from Michigan CMr. Flood), the gentle man from Michigan CMr. Don
 dero), and the gentleman from In diana Mr. Wilson,.
 My comments on what obserV- ed this meeting do not constitute committee report, nor do l pre- sume to speak for the other mem- bers of the committee for they will no doubt wish to make their own comments at the appropriate time. I do not anticipate, however, that their observations will be in consistent with the general state ment I wish tt make at this time.
 The world center of moral re- armament is comfortably estab- lished in large hotel located high up on the side of Rocher de Nave and oVerlookS the northeastern end of Lake Geneva. In this Swiss Alpine setting, blessed with a tenn perate summer climate, people from all over the world assemble for conferences during the sum- mer months. Although this center is located in a vacation utopia, vis- itors to the conference displayed no holiday spirit, but remained in constant attendance upon the Ses- sions of the assembly held morn ing afternoon and night. Some 1900 people filled every chair in the assembly hall at all meetings and an unusual enthusiasm mark ed each conference. A very Satls- factory translation system was employed to the end that all pres ent were able to fully compre- bend. Many of the assemblage from 35 countries represented wore native costumes or dress, presenting a most colorful picture and among them could be found people from all walks of life and many religions, wealthy capital ists, union leaders, cabinet mem- bers, members of Parliaments, Minister Presidents of the various subdivisions of Western Germany, coal miners, priests, bishops, edi- tors, public officials, general and admirals, and many others. Time will not permit me to enumerate by name and title the many we'll known personages present, but suffice it to say the list is impress sive. The committee noted with interest the presence of delega- tion of 13 from Japan headed by former Prime Minister Katayama, who was the first postwar Pre- mier of Japan and the first Chris tian to hold that post. We were in- formed this group made the l4,- OOO-mile trip via the United States of America with the special per mission of Gen. Douglas MacAr- thur.
 The presence of committee of observers from the United States House of Representatives seemed to arouse a grateful and enthus:- astic reaction among all presen; and I think the official notice talk en of this movement will stimulate
The Nome nugget., 1949-07-18

field of human relations.
 Whatever skepticism I had en- tertained as to whether this move ment clashed with organized chur- ches of the world was diSsipated by the abundant evidence that faith in God was the very bedrock upon which this movement rested. One Episcopal vestryman said, This movement enables me to put my religion to work in the fullest sense" Men of the Catho- lie clergy have embraced it as a powerful adjunct of organized re- ligion.
 The highly dramatic plays shown during the conference emphasized he absolute necessity for includ- ing ne forgotten factor-"GOd" in the labO"-management field when solving bitter disputes. On the spa ciOus grounds of the hotel stands a Catholic church which was well attended by those at the confer enCe. In talking with some of those who have dedicated their lives to the movement, I found not one who tried to minimize the organ ized church nor one who felt that moral rearmament had any ambi- ton to proSeylte SectarianiSm. They held the movement to be a layman'S movement buoyed and propelled by people from all chur- ches. pr. Frank Buchanan, the founder, is a Lutheran minister in good standing and his personality and devotion seemed to be the moving force which has attracted people to the movement through out the world.
 Blu; why has this movement at tracted the attention of at least 100 members of both bodies of Congress? Why did the House send a committee to observe this recent conference? The American press has asked these questions also. l think the answer lies in the fact that this movement has launched a very vigorous campaign to answer communism in Europe. Commun- ism in its naked, anti-God, mate rialistic form is. the perfect oppo- site to Christian religion and is Q malignant cancer in the realm of human relations.
 The dominant theme of the con- ference was the necessity for spreading a democratic theology supported on moral concepts and 70 make the theology work in ev- eryday life, as an answer to the question being asked by many in war-torn countries-the question VI "iiStiiCi Io tuiii tO plOIliiSCS VI the East or the democracy of the West. This is the question which brought forth the Marshall plan the Bonn onstitution-the Voice of America and the new constitu- ton for Japan. All of these efforts rest squarely on a faith in God just as does the great Constitution of the United States of America. Is there not kindred purpose in what we as nation are doing of ficially and what this movement is doing unofficially? I gained the definite impression from my ob- servations in Caux, Switzerland, that this is true.
 That this movement is succeed
The Nome nugget., 1949-07-18


 made during his service here tow ard better human relations through out the world. He is man of great intellect with deep insight to world problems, and I predict that legislative historians will place his name well up toward the top of the page and that his achievements will occupy more than a mere footnote in the book
 Mir. BURLESON. 1 understand that originally this movement started out as bridge between labor and industry or that it has devoted its activities to that pur- pose more recently.
 MT. PRESTON. That is true.
 MT. BURLESON. Does the gen. tleman also believe that it might be as spiritual contribution to Western Europe in the thing we are trying to do there with dollars and cents? Does he feel that this may be also something to go along with that dollars and cents and that unless we do ii the chances are we may still fail in Western Europe?
 MT. PRESTON. Yes. We have a great investment in Europe. We have it in blood mad we have it in dollars: This m oV m ent can help insure our investment in Eu- rope and it is well enough for us to take note of it and to encourage
 MT. DONDERO. I think the gentleman ought to point out to the House that we were also able to see men of a number of nations, who were bitter and deadly enc mics 1 years ago, stand shoulder to shoulder on the same platform, in good will and harmony, n an ef- fort to bring about in this world peace, and to avoid war
 MT. PRESTON. Yes. I recall very vividly seeing MT. George Villiers, president of the National Association of Manuacturers of France, stand on the platform with MT. Hans Boeckler, leader of all the coal miners in the Ruhr Val ley. A German on one side and a Frenchman on the other. The Frenchman said, "I have every reason in the world to hate your people. Your people tortured me almost unto death, but under the influence of moral rearmament l have forgotten completely the acts of the German people and reach out and extend to you the hand of brotherhood, to assure you I have wiped out from my mind all these unpleasant events. l hope to see Germany restored as nation, and I want to see our people cooperate with your people"
 MT. DONDERO. I think the gen. tleman should point out also that that same Frenchman said that Is members of his family died in the gas chamber as the result of the efforts of the German who stood along by his side.
 MT. PRESTON. Yes, he did; he made that startling statement. It is really remarkable that person could change in just the short number of years since that hap pened. There are many instances
Evening star., 1949-07-01
Rp Thomas L. Stokes

When a one-time prominent
political party leader suddenly
takes up the cudgels against the
policy of his own party and
Evening star., 1949-07-01
Motives Not Revealed
Question Raised as to Byrnes' Strategy
In His Attack on Statism Trend

SuScitate the Southern wing OF
the party. He can give it a more
respectable voice and front than
are offered by the outright Dixie
'crats who recently have carried
the fight against the President.
Southerners always have been
powerful at national conventions.
that is, until the last one, and
they would like to recoup for 1852
SO they can have something to say
about the presidential nominee.
Mr.. Byrnes would be very able
and skillful agent for such re-
storative movement.
Realistic Explanation.
BY some who are either ignor-
ant Of the facts or choose to ig-
more them, he is held up as "a
former New Dealer" to drive home
the extent of his conversion. 9th
ers more realistic explain that he
was never very sympathetic with
many New Deal aims. but was a
good soldier and operated success
fully for President Roosevelt while
in the Senate. for which he got
his reward in a Supreme Court
appointment, and now that he is
no longer in a political role can
speak his real convictions. The
latter is less complimentary. but
much nearer the truth as an OBJ
server OF those days saw it all.
The strange thing about the
current Byrnes performance is
how what is going on now is any
more "statism" than what went
on, with his help, during the
Roosevelt Administration reform
era. Virtually every part of Presi-
dent Truman's "statism" program
follows principles Of the same o,
similar measures Of the New Deal
era. There Is little, If anything
really new.
One may perhaps be excused for
not taking Jimmy Byrnes too Sc
riously in his latest political en-
terpriSe.
Evening star., 1949-07-01
s This Changing World
Chang Back in Canton to Reorganize
Chunekina Defenses Against Reds

also by the realization that his
armies were not capable Of re-
sisting the Red avalanche and by
the desire to show the American
government that even If the Kuo-
mintang yielded to all the Com
munist demandS-which included
his own removal from offlce-the
Reds still would not accept any
kind of collaboration.
Chang proceeded to organize
Formosa, where the most ener-
getic members Of his administra-
ton had taken refuge, into first
class defense base. He was helped
in this task by the fact that Amer
ican war materials-amounting to
some IS per cent Of the $780,
600, 900 appropriated by Congress
last summer-began to arrive IN
Formosan ports.
The war materials left the
United States last November. 1t
was to be shipped to Shanghai.
Tsingtao and other ports then stu
under Nationalist control. But the
Communist victories were SO rapid
that the transports had to be di-
verted to Formosa.
Pin Hopes on Barriers.
None of this equipment is being
sent to the mainland forces, which
are carving out an orderly re-
treat to the impregnable provinces
of China where Chang through
out World War II resisted all at
tempts of the Japanese to conquer
him.
The members Of the Control
Yuan still hope that the United
States will come to China's rescue
in a moderate manner-when
they can show that their armies
can still fight defensively behind
natural barriers.
Meanwhile, the supplies received
in Formosa since last November
can be used advantageously for
the time being. The area which
is contemplated for the nucleus OF
resistance to the Reds is small
and so we'll protected by natural
obstacles that the Nationalists can
afford to wait until the American
Government makes up its mind
what to do.
The non Communists In China
are back where they were between
1899 and 1945. Since the time
element is of no consequence to
them, they feel that nothing is
lost,
Evening star., 1949-07-01

bration which, Henry MeLsmers'
for pure, unadulterated discom-
fort, has few If any equals.
speak of the Fourth Of July.
This year the discomforts are
going to be doubly severe because
the Fourth falls on a Monday.
That means that most of lis will
have three full days-the equjval-
ent Of 72 hours. or 1920 minutes.
or 259,200 seconds-in which to
practice patriotic hagellation.
Think Of Tuesday.
It makes me shudder to think
how most of us Americans will
look and feel when we attempt to
pick up normal life again next
Tuesday. It's shame that July
5th isn't WashingtoE's Birthday,
or New Years Day. or some other
holiday so that we could have 1t
to recuperate from the Glorious"
Fourth.
Shut your eyes and you can
picture this Nation on the Fourth.
Miles, square miles, Of fiery
shoulders.
Acres, square acres, Of noses,
legs, arms, forearms and hacks,
all the color Of . brakeman's
lantern.
All because Of An unwritten law
that on the Fourth every man,
woman and child capable OF doing
so must gallop out into the sun
with as near nothing on but their
birthday suits as possible, snd let
the heavenly broiler do them to
a turn.
Keep your eyes shut and your
ears open and you can hear the
means of those citizens who have
swallowed buckets Of sea water,
and Of those who have plunged
into lakes so icy that even The fish
who live there wear long under
wear the year around, Of those
caught in trafhc that moves no
where at speed of zero miles per
hour.
Itching and Scratching.
Picture the itching und .cratch-
ing that will 60 on as millions Of
citizens, determined to celebrate
the Fourth even If It kills them.
invade the haunts cf the chigeer,
the mosquito. the black fly. and
the poison ivy.
Picture-but shut your ears to
the cussing that will 1esound
over this broad land when 1t is
discovered that all the ice in the
cooler has melted, that the bat
Evening star., 1949-07-01
Exposed
Rayburn May Smother Senate's Demand
That Truman Order Cuts in Spending

scratch your back and you scratch
mine" system.
Instances of how the system
works are legion. This week ap-
preparations Senators considered
a departmental appropriation to
which the House had added three
new projects increasing it SUBJ
stantially beyond presidential re.
quests. Seven Senators who have
signed the economy resolution
pending in the Senate refused tt
touch any of the three and they
are still there.
Call System Moribund.
In their defense Senators say
their system of handling appro.
priations in these days Of tremen'
dous budgets is moribund. tha'
they do not have the staff no.
the information properly to cu'
the seven-pound book handed
them annually by the Bureau O.
| the Budget.
Administration Senators repl.
they don't try. They point t.
Senate addition Of 500 millio,
dollars to the first five regula.
appropriations bills and to the fac
that the ancient pork barrel, Riv
ers and Harbors, went through
unscathed.
Senator Lucas study will ais
include a careful analysis Of jus
how much the President coult
save under the Senate propose
in view of fixed charges, defens
needs, etc. He doubts it will max
up the anticipated deficit.
On the spot in the present i'm
passe is the Finance Committe'
which is implacably conservative
1t will not produce a tax bill ex
cept as o last resort; 1t is hard
however, to imagine Senator
George, Byrd, Taft and the other
who man 1t consenting through
lnaction to unbalanced peacetim
budgets.
Evening star., 1949-07-01

Leader Mccormack is already
jeering at congressional abdica-
ton. Senate Majority Leader
Lucas is preparing survey which
will show how Ill some Senators
economy demands fit with their
actual practices.
Some of the more astute poll
ticians believe, however. that the
President, after giving time Tor
full exposure of the congressional
buck-passing, would be wise to
seek some economy devices Of his
own to meet the threat OF a
budget deficiency. So Tar MS
solution is more taxes.
Show-Me Spirit.
The White House is still hold
ing back it's nod to the recession.
Various Government agencies have
recognized it, including the Fed
eral Reserve Board. which is try
ing to force more bank loans into
private business. But Mr.. Truman
remains true to the show-me spirit
of his native State though his
callers have begun increasingly to
press for public works blueprints
and other depression palliatives.
On the hill the problem Is pure
ly political. Congress has the
power of the purse as 1t Is fond OF
reminding Presidents. Appro-
priations committees have in
creasingly sought to usurp the
presidential policy-makipg func-
ton by shifting funds to suit
themselves. But now the Nations s
first peacetime deficit stares them
in the face.
With some traces Of small boy
shamefacedness. Senators say they
just can't themselves make the
required spending cuts. Reluc-
tantly honest, they admit they
have lived too long with the "1ll
Evening star., 1949-07-01

conviction. Or it may not be so
guileless. If he was a former
associate and conf1dant Of the
President - why so much the
better symbol he is for the Presi-
dents enemies.
Franklin D. Roosevelt went
through such experiences at the
hand of former associates.
Harry Truman is now under
going one in the frontal assault on
his policies recently by James F.
Byrnes of South Carolina. who
formerly was President Truman's
No. 1 cabinet officer as Secretary
Of State and before that quite a
figure in the Truman and preced-
ing Roosevelt regimes as a top
war time adviser, as Supreme
Court Justice, as Senator.
Hero in Some Quarters.
1--WE are" said Mr.. Byrnes
going down the road to statism.
For that he has become a hero
in some quarters. His words were
called up, for instance, as argu-
ment against the administration
housing bill during House debate
week.
| What, If any. political motives
lie behind Mr.. Byrnes crusade are
not yet revealed. He is a shrewd
and smart politician, which nat
urally makes him suspect. whether
justly or not. One surmise is that
his purpose may be to try to re-
Evening star., 1949-07-01
McLemore-
Thoughts Of Holiday
Make Him Shudder
Rv Henry McLem0re

Dv IEWVy INCLRWOTE
Once a year and once a year
only, I question the wisdom of
John Hancock, Button Gwinnett,
Thomas jefferson, Francis Light
Evening star., 1949-07-01

discussing re- Constsn'ine Brown
organization Of the government
and measures to be taken to
strengthen defenses aroun d
Chungking and Running.
Chang belatedly is urging the
Control Yuan to proceed with
some drastic reorganization meas
ures and changes of personnel.
Dr.. HUI Shih, scholarly former am
bassador to Washington who has
been working in New York on a
new book dealing with Chinese
political and social conditions In
the sixth century B. c.. is said to
have been persuaded to accept the
position of foreign minister in the
new cabinet.
Army Command Shifted.
At the same time a number OF
field marshals and generals who
have proved themselves venal and
incompetent are being removed
from the active list of the army.
Much younger men, who have
held subordinate positions. now
are being placed in command OF
the remaining troops, estimated to
number 100000.
Chang left Nanking last April
and went into voluntary retire.
ment," because he had been per-
suaded that his disappearance
from the political scene Of China
might facilitate collaboration
with the Communists and thus
save Nanking. Shanghai and
Southern China from Communist
conquest.
His retirement was prompted
Evening star., 1949-07-01

terry in the car has run down, that
the prickly heat powder has been
left at home, that the fish aren't
biting. and that there is two
hour wait on the first tee.
Keep on picturing.
Picture the grown-ups who will
have to shoot of Roman candles
for youngsters and place three
inch salutes under tin cans and
light the fuses. There comes a
time in every mans life when he
is afraid to fire a Roman candle
lest it backfire.
And. in conclusion, picture all
the millions who. on the Fourth
will say to themselves how mich
better it would have been to stay
in the comfort Of their homes
distributed by McNausht Syndicate. Incl
Evening star., 1949-07-01

t he Senate's
demands t h a t
President Tru-
man order cuts
in F. e d e r q ]
spending.
They see the
President as in
control Of the
situation b o t h
as to public re-
action to the
Senate'S cow
ardice and to
the parliament
tary a sp e c t S.
un,1ea Majority
Evening star., 1949-07-01

its President he
Immediately be-
comes a useful
exhibit for that
party's oppo-
nentS or even
for dissidents
within his own
party. He finds
himself a lion
again, though
in a different
cage.
It may be an
innocent geS-
ture born of
- =. Il
Evening star., 1949-07-01

foot Lee ana
all the other
patriots who put
their n a m e S
on the Decla-
ration of Inde-
pendence back
in 1776.
The Declara-
ton rid us Of
the tyranny of
Great Britain,
to be sure, but
at the same
time it made us
slaves of a cele-
Evening star., 1949-07-01

rary ScaI Oh tIlc
rump govern
ment, for an
! m p o r t ant
meeting of the
e x t r aordinary
committee OF
the Kuomin-
tang.
CHA n G Is
still the leader
of the party
and as such
n W presides
over the meet
ings which are
Evening star., 1949-07-01
Bv Consfanfine BrotOn

Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek,
retired" president of the Chinese
Nationalist government, arrived
this week in Canton, the tempo
Evening star., 1949-07-01
Bv Doris Flees0n

Practical Democrats expect
Speaker Rayburn, who can pro.
duce a Truman party in most
crises in the House, to smother