davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Royal Supports Clay
In Firm Resistance 10
Reds Berlin Squeeze
By ths Assoeia,sd Press

Russia's opening move to squeeze
the western powers out of Berlin
collided today with a firm Ameri-
can decision to "sit tight"
The words were those of Gen
Lucius D. Clay, American military
commander In Germany. And
Secretary Of the Army Royal said
they have 'the full support of this
department and the Government"
Mr.. Royal announced the deci-
sion to a hurriedly summoned news
conference late yesterday, a few
minutes after a telephone CONVEX
sation with Gen. Clay in Berlin
followed by quick consultation
with the State Department.
Though we will sit tight and hold
our position" Secretary Royal said,
1--WE will not be provocative"
But interviewed later on a radio
program Secretary Royal added
that Gin case of any attack Gen.
Clay has the authority Of military
leader to shoot If he must" And
he said the Americans plan to keep
transport lines open into the city.
We'll have to 60 through" he
said.
Evacuation "Unthinkable."
Gen. Clay told Mr.. Royal, the
Secretary said at his news confer
ence, that evacuation to me is un-
thinkable."
Their talk yesterday was one of
a number of transatlantic con-
versations they have had since
Wednesday. The Russians an
nounced then, with only 24-hour
notice, restrictions on rail and
highway traffic between the west
ern occupation zones and the
American, British and French sec
tors in Berlin.
Although Mr.. Royal, in his news
conference. made no direct refer
ence to what long-range objectives
he thinks might be behind the Rus
sian restriction order, other in
formed officials expressed this idea ::
Russia wants to make Berlin too
hot for the western powers. If they
could be crowded out, Berlin would
become the Communist capital of a
Soviet dictated separate" German
government.
And, these officials added, more
drastic efforts than the transporta-
ton order might be expected as
part of this custer effort.
Mr. Royal said that whenever
a nation fails to carry out its COM
mitments it is matter that merits
the closest consideration"
Background of Commitments.
He said those commitments were
reached this way:
On June 20, 1945, Gen. Clay, 1t
Gen. Wheeler Of the British Army,
Mai. Gen. Floyd L. Parks, then the
designated commander for the
American sector in Berlin, and Mar
shall zhukov of the Soviet Army
met near Berlin.
An understanding was reached
which allowed the United States
access to Berlin over specified rail,
highway and air routes. This later
was backed up by official documents.
1t was agreed that the United
States would have the right to move
people and freight over the routes
without restriction. And it was spe-
officially agreed there would be no
inspection of cargo.
Mr.. Royal said "the Soviets ex-
pressly stated they were not inter-
ested in what was being hauled or
how much was moved"
Those agreements, said the Sec,
Evening star., 1948-04-03
By WiIliom |. Nichols
North Ametieon Newspaper Alliance

I
NEW YORK, April 3.-while we
were in Prague, the World Youth
Congress was meeting. That in
cluded q number of elaborate ex-
hibits from every country, which
somehow gave you a feeling OF what
people were feeling throughout the
world, particularly young people. 1t
was held at Prague's old fair grounds
and was like a little world fair.
Each nation had its own exhibit.
The Russian exhibit and those of
the satellite states were prepared
with all the resources and all the
Ingenuity Of Soviet propaganda
Those Of other countries were pre-
pared by minority parties of young
Communists or fellow travellers act
ling independently of their govern
ments.
The American exhibit was pre-
pared by the AYD (American Youth
for Democracy and various other
left-wing groups, and the contrast
between the Russian and United
States exhibits was the most dra-
matte thing in the world.
Goebbels Seemed Piker.
The impressions we got all add
up to the fact that Soviet propa-
ganda is a synical and terribly ef-
fective combination Of all the tricks
lof high pressure advertising, reli-
| gious fanaticism and political DEM
agogy. Goebbels and Bilbo were
pikers in comparison.
The Soviets throw 1t all at you
and it is powerful stuff. 1t is ter
rife. 1t starts, as first step, with
the promises. AS you come into
the fair ground, for instance, you
see walls covered by beautiful
photo-murals and great slogans
END all race discrimination!
Food for the people!" "a pro-
fession for every youth" "A liv-
ing wage for every youth" IN
creased recreational facilities!" "A
voice in the U. M"
That Is the first part Of the
propaganda. They promise you all
the world with a ribbon around 1t.
The second part of 1t is to be
absolutely shameless in the lies and
distortions used to build up one
side and to knock down the other.
I copied down few OF the in
scriptions that appeared in the
Russian exhibits, which are the first
you come to after the big ante
room.
Heroic Statue of Stain.
In the center of a huge room is
a heroic white statute of Stain,
foodlighted. On the walls are
draperies Of red darnask and on
each are inscriptions in gold, in
four languages. Here are some of
the Inscriptions: For three years
We, the Russians, were waging war
le-handedly." And another:
When the Allied troops landed in
France. Germany was already In
the last stage of her death agony."I
On life in Russia, here is an ex-
ample: 'In conformity with the In
terest of the working people. and In
order to strengthen the Socialist
system, the citizens of the U. S. S. r.
are guaranteed by law freedom of
speech, freedom of the press, frees
dom of assembly, including the
holding of mass meetings, and frea-
dom of demonstration. or again:
Citizens Of the U. S. S. R. have the
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Free Translation
Offered on Europe
Letters of Thanks

If you can't read that letter of
thanks from some one in Europe to
whom you sent clothes or money,
the Society of Federal Translators
will do it for you-free.
The service has been offered by
the society to any one receiving
foreign-language letters which ar
rive in reply to packages and other
charitable remittances to Europe.
Any European language can be
translated by some member of the
group.
Send such letters to Mrs. Gladys
T. Clark, corresponding secretary of
the group, 701 Dupont Circle Build
ing, 1874 Connecticut avenue NV.
and inclose self addressed stamped
envelope. The original letter will
be returned with summary of It's
contents in English.
Evening star., 1948-04-03
British Soldiers Guard
CeyIonese After 'Mutiny'
BY the Assoeioted Press

SINGAPORE. April B. Armed
British soldiers stood guard today
over a camp where 1000 Ceylonese
soldiers rioted last night.
Five Britons were hospitalized as
a result of the fighting, finally
broken up after a riot call brought
the British soldiers to the scene.
A British Army spokesman said
the incident was touched off
when a Ceylonese garrison prisoner
claimed he had been beaten. Cey-
lonese soldiers released all the pris-
oners and set a mess hall on fire.
The spokesman said the incident
was definitely a nutiny."
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Red Moves in Berlin
Strengthen U. 5. Hand
AT Bogofa Conference
BY the Associated Press

BOGOTA, Columbia, April 3D.
Russia's latest move in Germany
seemed today to have promoted
greater solidarity among the q
nations attending the Ninth Pan
American Conference here.
Diplomats and observers appar-
emily were agreed that the Soviet's
announced blockade OF land traf-
flc into Berlin has aligned several
nations more strongly with the
United States.
They felt, too, that such an
alignment may bolster support OF
the United States effort to obtain
concrete conference action against
Communist infiltration. The Chill
can delegation, strongly favoring
such action, already has circulated
the draft OF an anti Communist
resolution.
Some Resent Marshalps Views.
Some observers felt the new at
titude is significant, especially since
some resentment seemed to follow
Secretary of State Marshall's re-
marks Thursday.
Then he said the Washington
Government will help other Amer
lean nations as much as it can,
but over the years they must look
to private capital for assistance.
Russia's action In Germany con-
tinued to be the subject of corridor
discussion. Sentiment appeared to
point to stronger support of the
United States European Recovery
Program.
Some Wanted Aid From U. 8.
Several delegations had come to
Bogota with the announced deter
mination to make it clear to the
United States that Latin America
needs economic help as much as
Europe.
Delegates who arrived fearing
that drastic action against the
Communists could Worsen relations
of the Western Hemisphere with
Russia, also appeared to have re-
vised their opinions.
Gen. Marshall conferred with
four key delegates: DR.. Juan A.
Bramuglia, Argentine Foreign Min
lister; Romulo Betancourt, former
Venezuelan President; Joao Deves
da Fontoura, chief Brazilian dele
gate, and Carlos Jozan y Lozano,
head of the Colombian delegation.
1t was understood they discussed
the Importance of issues to be taken
I'D at the conference.
Evening star., 1948-04-03

retary, have been confirmed by
practice continually since that time.
won't Send More Troops"
In answer to a question, Secretary
Royal said there has been no con-
sideration of sending more United
States troops into Berlin.
Mr.. Royal said that more than
25 tons of food was shipped into
Berlin yesterday by air. He said
Gen. Clay told him 1--WE can con-
tinue under present conditions Ohe
food supply indefinitely"
Gen. Clay reported that the fol-
lowing American personnel are in
Berlin: 1880 military, 1888 civilian
employees and 1902 dependents
(mostly women and children)-- "a
total of 9,415.
Evening star., 1948-04-03

right TO education. the right to rest
and leisure" And: Citizens of the
U. s. s. r. have the right to main
tenance In old age and also in case
Of sickness or disability"
1t looked good In Prague--or 1t
would have If you hadn't talked to
the people In Kosice and Leckart,
the people who had been sent to the
Donetz Basin, where they worked 10
hours day 7 days a week, where
80 per cent of those transported
were dead. It would have looked
good If you hadn't seen the people
in Leckart who point across the
border, having just had a dinner of
roast goose and stuffed cabbage, to
the town of Uzhorod where the
peasants are coming out at night to
pull up the wheat and eat it green
and raw.
Prague Believed Promises.
After all, the people in Prague
couldn't be blamed If they took the
promises and the propaganda at
fact value. AS our Slovakian driver
said, those stupid people in Bo-
hen1ia and Moravia, lots of them
voted Communist because they
didn't know what 1t was really like.
Once you know what 1t is, you never
want to have anything to do with
it. My wife and I would rather die
than submit to a Soviet or Russian
regime"
And a bishop in slovakia said,
I'VE are ready for the catacombs
rather than have 1t again"
But in the convention hall with
gold letters on red damask and
heroic pictures, it looked wonderful
particularly when you supple
mented it with the other side of
the coin. AS you go through the
other exhibits, one thing you see is
a huge picture of syphillitic face,
a mass of sores-and the slogan:
india after 200 years Of British
rule" Next to 1t, you see picture
of dogs eating corpses of starved
Hindus. You run into slogan after
slogan telling of discrimination, of
poverty, of bad public health in
every part of the non-Soviet world.
American Exhibit.
America, I am sorry to say isn't
given much to be very happy about,
either, by it's exhibit. After the Rus
sian hall, where you see nothing
but the glorious side of the Russian
regime, you come into the American
hall, where an exhibit has been
arranged by some of our young
liberal groups.
There is a bust Of Roosevelt-and
a small photograph Of President
Truman behind a column where
can see 1t. There are pic
lures Of what are termed "progres-
sive citizens" They include: Henry
Wallace, Harlow Shapley, Elliott
Roosevelt, 10 Davidson, and Edward
G. Robinson. There is a photo panel
showing a Negro hanging by the
neck, saying, "Since vi day, 10
Negroes have been lynched in the
OllltCN GVdtCo.
There is picture Of young man |
and a young woman coming out of
the door of a veterans bureau, with |
the slogan, 100000 New Yorkers are
getting unemployment benefits, the
majority under 80 years of age. Over
100000 are veterans"
Picture nm Housiup
On housing, there is a picture of |
some shanties and the slogan, "In |
New York last year 1926 homes we're
torn down or boarded up while only
4 4,578 new buildings were built. A.
900, 900 American veterans need
homes" There is a picture of a
housing development in Los Angeles,
with thn e1opan "1ikn r11o,1v AfY,eri.
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Strike Enters Third Day
At Furniture Plants
By the Assoeioted Press

MARTINsVILLE, Va, April s.
The strike of workers at American
Furniture Co. plants here was in its
third day today with no indications
of settlement.
An initial conference between
company officials and representa-
tives of Local 284, United Furniture
Workers of America (CIO), ended
yesterday with no progress reported
by union or management. The
union is seeking a 15-cent hourly
wage increase and the checkoff
system.
Evening star., 1948-04-03

Henry Wallace
appeared before
the Armed Serv-
ices Committee
of the Senate to
oppose conscrip-
ton. universal
military train
ing, and the
whole Washing
ton approach
w hite House
and Congress
to the present
world situation.
H e W a S p err
mitted to read
Evening star., 1948-04-03
500 LocoI Elections
Are Begun in Britain
BY the Assoeio,ed Press

LONDON, April 3+-Local elections
will be held in 400 urban and 100
rural districts Of Britain today and
Monday. Voters will choose 2,572
councillors.
Authority Of the local councils Is
limited mainly to housing and public
health.
Conservatives are making a deter
mined bid to stem postwar inroads
of the Labor Party, which now con-
trolls about Is per cent Of the urban
districts and five per cent of the
rural,
Evening star., 1948-04-03
feeble u. S. Retots Lend Power
To Soviet Propaganda Lies

Fourth OF sir articles By The
editor OF This Week magazine,
condensed from a confidential
talk to his stat follotping a State
Department tour OF Europe last
year.
Evening star., 1948-04-03
By Loweli MeHen

People seldom do their best think
ing under the stress Of emotion.
This was revealed more than once.
during the past. week in Congress.
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Senate Confirms O'ConneII

The Senate yesterday confirmed
Joseph ]. O'Connell, jr, of New
York as member of the Civil
Aeronautics Board. The action was
by unanimous consent.
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Picture on Housing.

On housing, there is a picture of
some shanties and the slogan, I'm
New York last year 1926 homes we're
torn down or boarded up while only
4,578 new buildings were built. A.
100000 American veterans need
homes" There is picture of a
housing development in Los Angeles,
with the slogan, like many Ameri-
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-05-12

person has the right to sell his
property to anyone he wants.
The conservation agreement is
advocated by those who feel that
race has nothing to do with the
maintenance of property stand
ards.
Their plan is based on the
agreement practiced by the Ken
wood-O Oakland owners in Chicago.
Originally this group, at first Of
white owners, operated by racial
covenants, but recently it dropped
the covenant and adopted the new
procedure.
Property owners Of both races
have agreed to maintain their
holdings at a certain standard of
sanitation as we'll as of types of
apartments. By keeping certain
agreed rules these owners prop
erty will not deteriorate. And
these agreements are enforceable
in court.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-05-12

will wrap this one up before the
7th rounr rolls along, which seems
to tie in with a recent article OF
yours l read in the Afro-Ameri-
can. There will be no more dry
ing out nonsense at the wrong
time, as I see it. When Joe learns
a lesson, he learn it good. Take
all of his return engagements with
the same opponent. Why, the
Bomber literally and figuratively
Stays the non the return waltz.
"I'm not saying that Jersey Joe
Walcott is not one of the gamest
and cagiest fighter the game has
produced since Louis came into
fame. | do say that he caught
Louis when the Brown Bomber
Just couldn't seem to fight his
usual high-grade battle with the
result known to millions. Walcott
will be facing a Louis who dreams
of nothing but the night he atches
up with the speedy fellow who
made him look so bad the last
time.
81 sincerely believe that fans
will see a razor-sharp Louis, older
but none the less savage and de-
termined than he was for Max
Schmeling that second time. Joe
should wind up his career (if he
feels disposed to r%etire) in a blaze
Of glory the night of June 10
before a se1l-out crowd in Yam
kee stadium"
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-05-12
occupy i~nsociety.

occupy insociety.
When we think of a nurse we
are apt to think of her Is a per-
son whose chief work is caring
for the i'll; but, as matter Of fact,
there are a great many dtuies per-
formed by nurses besides hospital
or sick room attendance.
Public health work is usually
sponsored and supported by mu-
nicipal, county, state, or federal
government agencies; by indus
trial or commercial organizations
or by private endowment.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-05-12
Need A Psychologist

Continued from page u
that he return the books, so that
others might have the chance to
benefit. AS a matter of fact, the
books could be returned now with
out mountaineering anyone, for
they are available at the library
for anyone with a card.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-05-12

u. s. BONDS
AND STAMPS
4 K K 4
Woman's
World
BY Nellie c. Jones
Scope o fthe Work

There are at least three major
fields of work related to medicine
which are open to women. They
are nursing, dental hygiene, and
laboratory technology. All of
these make valuable contributions
to society and it has been proven
that women have a scientific mind
and considerable interest in the
health services.
There are some elements of
similarity in these three activities
and they require people of smoe-
what similar qualities. They are
all concerned with the health of
the race, and the worker is COM
pensated in a two-fold manner by
feeling a considerable degree of
satisfaction in having performed
at true service and by receiving
a fair financial return. In fact,
the service rendered by workers
in these occupations parallels that
rendered by teachers, clergyman,
and others who work for the gen
eral good of society, and the girl
who considers one of these occu-
pations should not overlook the
Importance o fthe place she will
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-05-12

Concluded from page -
ISOLATION, lead this group.
Taylor said, 81 think our prop
erty can be protected by a trus-
teeship in which the trustees
would have legal control o fthe
property owned by all members
of the trust"
In theory such a trust would
rule on all prospective buyers
without considering their races.
The trust would only consider de-
STABILITY. Their theory is that a
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-05-12
Beating The Gun
By Alvin Moses

Leo DurOcher and JACKIE R0D-
inson, to name but two Dodgers
whose names are contantly in the
daily press, have gotten off some
choice speeches since the season
opened, all depending on the point
of view you adopt in this connec-
ton. On the day after the season
officially opened, Durocher told
an Evening Journal-American re-
porter this line: "Both Robinson
and Reiser are much to fat to suit
me, and neither would have sus-
tanned the slight injuries they did
had their physical condition been
of a higher recorder" Pointing di-
rectly at Robbie, the wire-tongued
Durocher said further: "Robin-
son says that he knows more about
conditioning himself than any man
on the club allowing that he has
boiled down to proper playing
weight"
Dick Young, writing in the New
York Daily News, April 20, said
to millions of daily readers this:
"Durocher preferred to play Billy
Cox, third sacker, a man who new
er in his life tackled the middle
bag position, at Stanky's old post
instead of Robinson, whom Hickey
termed the best second baseman
in the national league" The rea-
son for that is obvious. Durocher
is still Disguised with Robbie's lack
of condition. In fact, he disputes
Robbie's assertion that he, Rob-
inson, knows more about condi-
tioning himself than any person
on the Brooklyn club"
Despite the Robinson Durocher
points of view, the popular in
fielder has played good ball re-
Gently. AS we stated two weeks
ago, we'd give a pint of approved
blood if only Louis and Robinson
had stayed out of unpleasant press
headline speaking about their
overweight condition only) this
year as they did during the past
IL months. Both of them were
and are such an inspiration to
countless white and colored sports
lovers of ages ranging from 6 to
60 that it makes them both seem
remiss in an obligation they owed
not merely to decent members of
their race but to the entire United
States and the world at large.
Think this over, fellows, as you
bank all the money you'll need
when tense sports days are an old
age memory.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-05-12
St. Louis Covenant
(continude from page y

A like review, or write of GER
tiorari, was also issued last June
to Mr.. and Mrs. Orsel McGhee of
Detroit. Those couples laong with
the Westinghouse On Bryant
street were the Negroes involved
in the high courts ruling.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-05-12
Joe Louis
CONTINUED from page II

CONTINUED from page u
as hard as this quiet, but INT
long-arm-of-thelaw with a pair of
5-ounce gloves on.
Last week we talked about the
glorious career of the man who
bettered John l.. Sullivan's 10
year title reign among the big fell
lows who top It's pounds ring
side. Said Weber: ~ think Louis
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30
To Observe World
Wide Communion
St. Pauls Methodist Church To
Share In This World Wide Sac
ramental Service On Sunday.

st. Paul's Methodist Church, N.
Potomac ST., will observe World
Wide Communion Sunday" next
Sunday with communion services at
IL a. m. and 1880 p. m.
The congregation will share in
this sacramento service with mil
lions of Christians around the
world who, in commemorating the
Lords suffering and death, will also,
through this service, witness to their
common faith in Jesus as the Saw
ior of men. Sunday will also mark
the beginning of church attend
ance program, the goal of which is
every member in attendance at a
service for at least six consecutive
Sundays
Promotion day will also be OBJ
served in the Sunday School and
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30
Surrey PIT. A.
Greets Principal

The Surrey Parent-Teaeher Asso-
citation held an informal reception
at the school on Tuesday evening,
September 81, in honor of Mr.. and
Mrs. Carl Beer.
Mr.. Beer, the newly appointed
principal at Surrey, was introduced
by Mrs. M. c. Morton, president of
the PIT. A, and spoke briefly to
the large group of parents and
teachers present. Mrs. c. Jos. Cum
iskey, program chairman, announc-
ed that the November meeting
would be in charge of the fathers
who are members of PIT. A.
Mr.. Alfred Davies, accompanied
by Mr.. Robert Rohrer, sang ''Bless
This House" and '"The World Is
Waiting For The Sunrise" and Miss
Mildred Lefever, accompanied by
Miss Jean Closer, sang "The Des-
ert Song" and MY Hero"
Refreshments were served by Mrs.
E. D. Schlotterbeck, hospitality
chairman, and her committee.