davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
Finance
Credit Curbs

CTedf CurbS
The government has elamped down
inStallment buying controls again
after II months. During that period
buying on time scared to a record
seven and one-half billion dollars.
The Federal Reserve Board set the
credit terms under authority. voted by
Congress last month as an anti-inha-
ton measure.
In general, the controls require a
one-third down payment in cash on
cars and a One-fOurth down payment
on certain other items, where the
selling price is more than 5000.
If the balance due after the down
payment is more than 81 1000, it must
be paid in Is months, with a $40
minimum monthly installment. If
less, it must be paid in IS months.
Other articles now under controls
are cook stoves, diShWashers, ironers,
vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, wash
ing machines, air conditioners, radios,
television sets, monographs, sewing
machines, furniture and rugs.
Credit terms on clothing and other
items still are on whatever terms
buyer and seller can agree on.
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
E.C.A.
Proppine Old World Economy


American dollars authorized for
foreign aid under the Economic Co.
operation Administration last week
hit $239, ,429,532, the highest weekly
total yet
The ALLEGATIONS bring to $1,685, $685.
LAT the amount thus far handed the
Is participating nations of Europe
and to China.
Nearly 81 per cent of the weeks
ALLEGATIONS went for food and agri-
cultural essentials. The emphasis on
food is reflected in the record-break-
ing S88,92l,782 for wheat purchases.
Canada will supply $25,OO0,OOO worth
for Great Britain-the remainder will
be procured in this country.
The weeks authorization included
S3,525,OOO for procurement within
the Russian zone of eastern Europe.
S3,OOO,OOO for railroad freight cars
for Bizone Germany from Czecho-
Slovakia.
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
The 'AII' Of Nan

Princeton, one of the nations oldest
universities, has arrayed itself against
the national trend Of increasing voca-
tiOnal training.
Addressing exercises opening the
uniVersity's 202nd year, DR.. Harold
w, DOdds, Princeton president, re-
preached the Presidents Commission
on Higher Education for lending its
prestige to educators demanding
greater emphasis on vocational and
social Skills.
Intellectual Aim
princeton" said DR.. Dodds, fn-
tends to maintain its orientation to-
ward intellectual interests and to con-
centrate on improvement of the mind
as a thinking instrument"
The Presidents Commission recon-
mended creation of more colleges to
take more students and, said Dodds,
it urged vocational and social studies
more than intellectual courses.
I'm view of our national illiteracy
as measured by the gigantic sale of
so-called comic, crime and horror
magazines, it is indeed an astounding
charge to level against American edu-
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
Gems
Lei the BUYer Bewore

Lei me buyer beWure
Replicas Of many of the worlds
largest and most famous diamonds
have been stolen from the Philadel-
phia Academy of Natural Sciences.
Police believe the theft is part of
plot to sell the limitations in private
channels for large sums of money.
Academy official1 call the limitations
''facSimulatiOns Of diamonds" but de-
cline to place a specific value on them.
The thief used professional methods
to rifle the collection. He secreted
himself somewhere in the Academy
after closing hours, then used a glass
cutter on display cases. Using care to
leave no fingerprintS, he removed the
gem representations from velvet
covered shelves. Mountings were
taken, too.
Police have taken the same precau-
tions in this case as if true diamonds
of high value had been stolen. Tele-
type messages were flashed to dia-
mond centers with accurate descrip-
tiOns Of such famous gems as the Hope
Diamond, the Regent, Empress Eu-
genia, NaSsak, Star of the South. Cul-
Imam, Shah, OrloV, Koh-i-nur, Pig
gOtt and 26 others.
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
Parking
Courtesy Pays OF

In most towns where they have
parking meters when a policeman
spots a red meter flag, he hands out a
ticket. But in lie Grande, Ore, he
hands out nickel instead.
The nickel goes into the meter, and
a courtesy envelope" is stuck on the
windshield in which the motorist can
send the nickel back.
But motorists have sent better than
a nickel back. Some sent quarters:
many sent dimes. Two sent half-dol-
lars. One sent a dollar.
The lie Grange Chamber of Com
merce launched the program a month
ago with a capital investment of
$25 Now after giving away nickels all
month, the capital has grown to
$28.66. That's a startling interest rate
Of better than 144 per cent a year.
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
PARIS: Hope Alone, Is Not Enouoh'

ONE Of the major problems
~ confronting the General AS
Sembly in the first week of it's
Paris meeting is the realization
that the United Nations, as yet, is
strictly moral-not a physical
force. That fact is spotlighted by the
lOng-standing eaSt-west deadlock over
Germany-and even more dramatiCal-
ly by the murder of Count Berna-
dotte, the U.N. mediator in Palestine.
Founders of the United Nations at
San Francisco planned it otherwise.
Many of them characterized that flaw
as the Achilles Heel of the old League
of Nations which left it helpless
against the rise of relationships in
Italy and Germany.
Need of Unity
The founders recognized that if dis
sension existed among the Big Four,
the new world organization could not
be effective. The right of veto in the
Security Council, which is dominated
by the big powers, recognizes what
realists knew all along-peace is pos
sible only if all the big nations agree.
At San Francisco they wrote into
the charter provision for an interna-
tiOnal military force to keep the peace
and enforce orders of the Security
Council. But this, so far, the U.N. has
failed to set up. In its third year, the
U.N. is still moral force. In a world
of power politics, its physical force is
still on paper.
Lack of unanimity among the Big
Four explains the almost insuperable
obstacles that would confront the U.N.
in the German crisis. It explains U.N.
difficulties in coping with situations
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
RESOURCES: Face Lifting for Farms

II wv the modern farmer works
4 4 with nature to control ero-
sion was demonstrated last week
to 10000 in the revamping of a
Parker, Colo, farm, in accordance
with the latest soil conservation
techniqUes.
In one day, 200 men working with
100 machines, made the 85O-acre farm
worth some $4,000 more than when
they started.
The demonstration was witnessed
by Secretary of Agriculture Charles
F. Brannan, DR.. H. H. Bennett. chief
of the Soil Conservation Service, and
delegates from 20 Latin American
countries.
The improvement. did not cost the
owner cent. His farm was selected
as a demonstration site because it was
aVerage-not bad, not good.
Concrete Sprayed on Wire
Farm equipment manufacturers do
mated the use of the necessary equip
ment. Tractors pulling carry-alls and
land planes leveled irrigated land to
make more efficient use of water A
mile of irrigation ditch was dug and
lined with concrete. Concrete was
sprayed on wire forms.
Large plowS terraced 40 acres of
non-irrigated wheat and grain land
to protect it from erosion. A 2.4OO
cubic foot earthen dam was built on
the 650-acre pasture to provide stock
water, flood control and divert water
from a small creek into grassland.
Concrete water and feed troughs
were Quilt for cattle-Complete with
concrete aprons so cows will not have
to stand hOck-deep in muddy slough
during the winter. A steel fence.
worth $1,000, and two steel buildings
were erected.
Dr.. Castro Monsalvo, minister of
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
SideIights

O Hugh Dalton, chancellor Of the
/ iyish Duchy of Lancaster, has
given up smoking cigarettes because
of the high cost of living. He gets
$4,000 year as a Cabinet member
but popular brands of cigarettes in
Britain now cost 20 cents for a pack
of 20.
Q In North Philadelphia, a new
streamlined trolley jumped the track
and imbedded itself in an apartment
building so deeply that workmen
feared its removal might cause the
tLree-story building to collapse.
o Soviet citizens will soon see Lana
Turner and other American movie
stars under a deal with Russia
reached by Eric Johnston, head of
the American Motion Picture Pro-
ducers Association. Details will be
worked out later in the us. but.
said Johnson, there were no strings
to the agreement regarding sale of
Russian pictures in the us.
Q A middle-aged British chimney
sweep, determined to talk with
Premier Stain about the. peace of
the wOrld-because diplomats don't
seem to get very far-is back in Not
tingham, biding his time. He went to
London tc ask the Soviet consul for
visa; was told there was no reason
why he couldn't visit Moscow after
his visa came. He vows he will get
to Moscow if he has to crawl.
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
Quotes

The Rev. J. M. McIIrath, 80, of
the Irish Presbyterian Church,
on his diamond wedding ami
versary advises wives: ''Take it
easy on cosmetics-face powder
may attract but it takes baking
powder to retain"
Herbert Morrison, British dep
uty prime minister, vetoing a
suggestion Of a royal commission
similar to the House Unamerican
Activities Committee to check
up on Communism: "I express
no opinion as to it's suitability to
the United States (but) I do
not think this method of proce-
dure would be appropriate to
Great Britain"
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01

for the past two months in the secret
negotiations in Moscow.
These negotiations have halted. A
British source indicated that foreign
ministers of all the Big Four might
discuss the Berlin crisis while the AS
sembly was in session if there ap-
peared any chance for settlement.
U. S. Secretary of State George c..
Marshall entered the Paris parley in
wary frame of mind. eve will do
our best" he said, ''but hope, alone,
is not enough"
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
Mind VS.. Matter

cation, which So often seems occupied
with education of all human facilities
except the intellect"
Intellect is not all of man, said DR..
DoddS, but there is no justification for
a liberal education, as contrasted to
vocational, which does not make
scholarship its first responsibility.
IF intellectual proficiency is not
the first job of our colleges, said DR..
DoddS, Il suggest they resign in favor
of totalitarian institutions of inculca-
ton, and abandon all pretenses of
trust in the capacity of youth to learn
to think for themselves"
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01

grass. AT present much of the western
reseeding is done with crested wheat
graSS-a Siberian impOrt-partiCular
ly adaptable to the country.
The original range research stations
OF the Forestry Service were at Ogden,
Utah, and Missoula, Mont. In recent
years, others have been established at
Portland, Ore; Berkeley, Calf; Fort
Collins, Colo, and Tucson, Ariz.
South Swings to Cattle
A privately operated soil conserva-
ton project is underway in Georgia
where farmers and businessmen are
combining under the leadership of
CasOn j. Galloway to refertilize poor
farms.
Galloway has { four-point goal for
Georgia farms: improved soil long
range commercial credit, mechaniza-
ton and processing plants near pro-
ducing areas.
Under his leadership, businessmen
and farmers formed 100 corporations
which bought 100 rundown farms.
They are being restored by turning
legUmes back into the soil, adding cor
rect fertilizers and crop rotation.
Many of the 100 farms already are
showing a profit, some are breaking
even and few are still stymied by
tough problems.
A special trainload of IT'S stock
holders will leave Atlanta October 3
for tour of eastern and midwestern
agricultural centers to get ideas for
better farming.
Some credit Galloway with speeding
the shift of farming in Georgia from
corn and cotton to cattle Under his
impetus there are many more green
pastures with blooded livestock. Even
the cotton patch owner with the rum
down tenant shack is beginning to
take notice.
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01

OF privilege" All through the west
he told farmers that if the Republi-
cans win in November "they will try
to turn back the clock to the day
when the west was an economic col
Ony of Wall Street"
He accused the Republicans and the
power lobby" of sitting conservation
projects for developing the west.
THE Republican Party has shown
in Congress that the leopard does not
change its spots" he declared. 'It is
still the party Of Harding, Coolidge
and Hoover"
A Long Range Plan
Gov Dewey charged by implication
that the President was attempting to
set class against class, to pit one Sec
ton against another. He pledged that,
if elected, his administration would
restore unity" to the American peo-
pie. In addition, he promised the big
gest "unraveling, unsnarling, untan-
Cling operation on the federal gov
eTnment in the nations history.
The governor promised a carefully
prepared, long-range conservation
program to replace the careless" pro-
gram of the Truman Administration.
Dewey said he favored revision of
feedral tax laws to encourage dis
covery of new oil and mineral deposits
and similar financially hazardous prof.
ects by private capital. .------------
Returns October 2
The President viii not return to
Washington until October 2, one
month before Election Day. He will
have spoken in 18 states, the governor
in IL.
In starting their campaigns in the
west, the President and Gov. Dewey
are following a time-tested political
pattern. The theory is to open where
the population and, therefore, the
electoral votes are small. Later as the
November deadline approaches, con-
Centrate on the east where the popu-
lation is greater and the vote is
heavier
Mr.. Truman got the nomination only
after series of bitter convention
fights and splits within the once
harmonious Democratic Party.
Henry Wallace, a former Demo-
cratic Vice President, is a rival for
the Presidency on the Progressive
Party ticket. Wallace may gain enough
votes, especially in big cities vital to
the Democrats, TO injure Mr.. Truman.
The Dixie revolt against Mr.. Tru-
mans civil rights program is a split
what used to be a solid southern
phalanx behind the Democratic can
Gidate.
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01

tests great eXpanses Of western range
land.
The new plow is a disk model
combining features of American and
Australian machines. The disks are in
pairs on knee action assemblies SINH
lar to those used on cars. The knee
action prevents damage to the plow
under severe conditions.
Flowing is preliminary to the main
objective-growing of better forage.
AS soon as the sagebrush is taken out.
the land is quickly reseeded with
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01

in the Balkans, Korea, Palestine, In
donesia and the former Italian col
onieS. It lies behind the stalemates on
atomic controls and disarmament.
The Berlin Crisis
Before the Assembly opened, for
elgn ministers of the United States,
Britain and France met in Paris to
map their next move in the row with
Russia over blockaded Berlin. They
discussed the issues which have di-
vlded Russia and the western powers
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01

agriculture of Colombia, said the dem
onstration was valuable to Latin
American delegates because their
countries had the same problems.
Paulo de SOuza, director of BraziPs
national parks, said he saw machinery
which he would recommend for use
in southern Brazil.
Saving the Range
Federal forestry experts say the
new brushland plow can remove 81
per cent of the sagebrush which in
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01

demand for youth
permeates even the
chain of command.
The new chief of
the us. Air Forces
Strategic Air Com
mand is 1t. Gen.
Curtis E. LeMay.
He takes over
from Gen. George
G. Kenney, World
War II apostle of
long range bonn
bardment. LeMay
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
Truman, De1UeyOpen
Their Campaigns

POLITICAL cannonadng west of the Mississippi been terrific
all week long President Truman and Gov Dewey cand
dates OF the major political parties hit the the first of the
really intensive campaign tours From until November the
chips will be down and oraOrical are barred
President Truman referred repeatedly Republicans "utton
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01
Aerial
New Umbrella Man

You age quickly in the Air Forces.
Combat pilots at 80 are referred to
as "Pop" by their mates. That same
Milford chronicle., 1948-10-01

fAu Rights ReseTOed. AP Ne,0steaturesJ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-10
Handling Sex Offenders

There appears on this page today the
first of five articles discussing the problem
of sex offenders in the District and pro-
posed changes in the law applicable to
them. The author of the articles, A. J.
Spero, Is a member of the District bar
and of that organizations Mental Health
Committee.
1t is generally recognized that the Dis
trict is far behind number Of the States
in dealing with this problem. The appn-
cable law here is hopelessly inadequate
and results in the spectacle OF sex offenders,
some with long records of convictions,
being repeatedly turned back on the public
after serving brief Jail sentences. In this
process there is no attempt made to cure
the offender and no effort to detect those
sex psychopaths who are apt to develop
into murderers of little children.
United States Attorney Fay, with the
Cooperation Of the bar and the medical
profession, has drafted new sex ofense
statute which has been introduced in the
House and which is scheduled for hearings
on February 20. The articles by Mr.. Spero,
who worked with Mr.. Fay on this project,
are intended to acquaint the public with
the problem and with this proposed new
approach in dealing with it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-10
Cuts and the Budget

The annual battle OF the budget-that
hardy expression of our democratic po-
litical SYSTEMS with us again The open
ing skirmish finds the President declaring
that the epublican-controlled Congress
will get exactly nowhere with its avowed
effort to chop off at least $4,000, 900 900
from his estimated total expenditures OF
$50, 100000 900 for fiscal 1949. Representa-
tive Taber and Senator Bridges, respec-
lively chairmen of the House and Senate
Appropriations Committees, have been
quick to reply that he is wrong and that
the final cut actually may be well above
$4,000, 100000.
Only a rash citizen would presume to
say at this point which side is right.
Budgetary figures are tricky things, subject
to frequent change and varying interpre-
tation. Last year. for instance, when the
President submitted his estimated ex-
penditures for fiscal 1948, the Re
publicans came out in favor of slash
of $4,000, OOO, 900, but up to this day it is
still not clear just how large their cut
really was. Mr.. Truman insists that it
added up to nothing whatever. On the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-10
Frunce and Spoin Resume Trade

After exactly two years, the economic
rift between France and Spain is closed.
Today, the frontier along the Pyrenees will
be opened, while simultaneously sea and
air traffic is resumed, and postal, teie-
graphic and telephone communications are
restored. Meanwhile, trade agreement
is being negotiated, and it is expected that
by March economic relations will have
been fully normalized.
Thus ends a thoroughgoing economic
boycott of Spain by France, aimed at the
Franco regime. Though 1t took an eco
nonic form, the policy was essentially
political and was dictated by the Com
munist element In the then coalition gov
eminent of France, at the instigation of
Moscow, to whom Franco Spain has always
been anathema. The step was taken re-
luctantly by Foreign Minister Bidault and
the conservative wing of the cabinet, but
the Communists made 1t must" threat
ening to disrupt the government and pre-
cipitate general strike If it's demand was
refused.
This French boycott, added to that
already imposed by Soviet Russia, was
calculated to be the spearhead OF drive
on the United Nations for concerted action
by its membership to isolate the Franco
regime and produce an economic break
down within Spain that would insure
Francois downfall. But the U. N. refused
to 60 to such lengths and France was
left rather out on limb. AS time passed,
it became increasingly obvious that the
boycott was hurting France more than 1t
did Spain. The French economy badly
needed certain Spanish products, notably
citrus fruits and iron ore, whereas Spain
imported from France mainly luxury goods
with which it could dispense. In addition,
much French capital invested in Spain
was frozen.
With the exclusion of the Communists
from the reorganized French government
last year, the driving force behind the
trade boycott slackened. Still, the Com
munists were able to exert pressure from
outside by threatening a general strike
if the policy was abandoned. When that
strike actually occurred, for other reasons.
and was broken, the French government
felt free to begin negotiations which have
now been successfully completed.
To be sure, the French Communists
mutter threats and utter hot protests,
backed by some Socialists, while Moscow is
furious But the logic, not only of Franco
Spanish economic interdependence, but
also of the trend of world affairs. is behind
the abandonment of policy from which
France has been the chief sufferer.
Naturalization of Franco-Spanish trade
will certainly aid in that economic stabili
cation of western Europe envisaged by the
Marshall Plan. Thus it can be considered
a constructive forward step.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-10
Public VS.. Private Gallery

The suit recently filed by the trustees
of the Frick Gallery in New York against
Miss Helen Clay Frick will be watched
with interest by art lovers throughout
the country. 1t involves principle which
is of universal Importance in relation to
foundations set up by private individuals
for general cultural purposes: Miss Tricks
contention is that her father desired to be
known as "the sole benefactor" of the
establishment which he endowed. She
refuses to allow John D. Rockefeller, junior,
to give to the gallery certain paintings by
Botticelli Fragonard, Chardin, Goya and
others and two busts by Laurana and
Andrea del Verrocchio, despite the fact that
he is willing to make the gift anonymously.
No question thus far has developed con-
corning the quality of the contributions
offered They seem to be excellent exam
Piles of the genius of artists of the very
greatest distinction. Miss Frick, so far as
now is known, does not argue that such
accessions are unworthy of house room In
the home of her late father Her position
is that they would represent "a dilution
of the family character of the collection"
In this attitude she appears to be at odds
with her brother, Childs Prick, who is one
of the trustees seeking the Judgment OF
the court; yet there is certain logic in
her stand. The Frick residence at Fifth
avenue and SEVENTEEN street is COM
paratively small building. 1t already is
well-fllled with precious treasures. The
public still would appreciate it if nothing
were added. It doubtless also would con-
oi1&o 1 ,foSs
material were accepted. Mr.. Frick himself
left funds for the improvement of his
institution.
Andrew W. Mellon faced a similar prob
lem about twenty years ago. He had been
a friend of Mr.. Prick as we'll as rival in
the buying of old masters When he first
began to think of what disposition he would
make of his collection, he realized that
his basic decision must be as to whether
It was to continue to grow without arbi-
trary limitation In other words, he had
to choose between private gallery and
public gallery. The world is familiar with
the result Mr. Mellon elected to give his
pictures and a monumental building to
shelter them-and to shelter likewise such
other rare and beautiful works as other
persons might wish to donate. Before the
National Gallery was opened, Samuel H.
Kress had enriched it with long list of
valuable gifts. The Widener family then
gave their magnificent collection and
Chester Dale gave most of his Lessing j.
Rosenwald contributed wealth of engrav
ings and prints. Other collaborators have
included: Mrs. Peter H. B. Frelinghuysen,
Mrs. Gordox Dexter, Miss Ellen T. Billiard,