davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-04-06
Wallace Charges Reds
In Italy lnterpoIaied
Sentences Into Article
sy The A.,eeiotsd Press

NEW YORK, April "a spokes-
man for Henry A. wallace said to-
day that the Rome Communist or
gan Unita had interpolated sem
tences into New Republic article
by Mr.. Wallace which it reprinted.
entirely changing its sense"
Mr.. Wallace was forced as a result
to write Italy's foreign ministry de-
nyins authorship of the article, the
spokesman said. He added that Mr..
Wallace did not know how his ar
ticie In the current New Republic
became available to Unita.
Nowhere in the New Republic
article appears the sentence 1.-The
American people condemn the in
Limitations of Truman" which
Unita attributed to him.
The New Republic article, entitled
Buying Foreign Elections" criticizes
United States policy toward Italy
and says. The Truman doctrine is
selling Communism, not American
ISM"
As published in Unita,. Mr.. Wal
lace's article said. The results of
the italian elections could-it is
clear-be used as an excuse for the
sending Of troops to Italy and even
to Yugoslavia: which sooner or later,
will irrevocably lead to war"
In the New Republic the article
said, The outcome OF the, Italian
election could, 1t is clear, be made
the excuse for putting troops into
Italy and eventually into Yugo-
slavia on basis which can by inn
perceptible stages generate a hot
war;
Unita published a brief notice
today quoting the Overseas News
Agency and stating that the article
in question was written by Mr.. Wal
lace for the magazine New Republic.
The agency was quoted as saying
the article was not written expressly
for Unita, but that it had the right
to distribute the article in Italy.
Evening star., 1948-04-06

additional news ot Govern
ment affairs and personalities
make up Joseph Young's broad
> east rersionr rot the. EedernidSpa- (
light at 3.l5r p.ns.4 eperp Sunday
on WMAL, The Star stdtion.)rrr
Evening star., 1948-04-06

Considers routine business.
Evening star., 1948-04-06
Five-Day Weather Forecast
April Through April 10.

River Report.
tFrom United States Ensineersl
Potomac River cloudy at Harpers Ferry
and muddy at Great Falls; Shenandoah
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
OBITUARIES
DWIGHT O. MILLER

Dwight o. Miller, as, of r. ID. /,
Mechanicstown, died at 5 p. m.
July 20 in the residence of his
sister, Mrs. Fred Shively of r. ID.
l, .Carrollton. He had been i'll since
April IL.
Born July IL, 1901, in Washing
ton Twp, he had been life resi-
dent of Carroll county. He had re-
sided with his sister since recent
operation. Mr.. Miller was MEM
Der of the Carrollton Methodist
church and was employed as a
warehouseman at the Cronin China
Co., and member of l.. U. 70, N.
B. o. p.
Surviving are another sister,
Mrs. Ethel G. Taylor of Milwau-
kee; three nephews and two aunts,
Elvina Ecarlett of New Harrisburg
and Mrs. Eta Heston of Kensing-
ton.
Funeral services were held at 2
p. m. Friday 23 at Harrington
Bethel church, Specht, with Rev.
M. Ray Smith officiating Burial
was made in the church cemetery.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
Tables Turned By
Union In Asking TO
Keep A Injunction

Washington (LPA)-Tables were
turned during the past week when
the government tried to dissolve
an anti-labor injunction while the
union concerned fight to keen it
in effect. The unions won the fight.
This unusual situation occurred
in the case of the three Railroad
Brotherhoods against whom the
government first obtained re-
straining order last Nav to block
a strike following government sci
zure of the rails.
Later Federal Judge T. Alan
Goldsborough issued a permanent
injunction so sweeping in charac-
ter that it enjoined the Brother
hoods from striking any time, any
place, for any reason, whether or
not the railroads were in govern
ment hands.
The three unions - Locomotive
Engineers, Locomotive Firemen &
Enginemen, and Switchmen = ap-
pealed to the injunction to the US
Circuit Court of Appeals. They
were anxious to have the validity of
such injunction tested and they felt
confident the higher tribunal would
hold that Justice Goldsborough
went far beyond his legal powers.
Peculiarly enough, however, the
Attorney Generals office, which
sought the injunction in the first
place, took anxious steps to have
it dissolved and induced Justice
Goldsborough to rush back from
his vacation to act on the govern
ment's motion.
The unions contended this was
evidence that the government had
gotten "cold feet" over the in
junction, and feared it would be
overruled in the higher courts.
Government attorneys argued
that since the roads are back in
private hands, the injunction should
be dismissed, but this time Justice
Goldsborough sided with the unions.
He agreed that it would be "un-
fair" to deprive the unions of a
chance to secure a determination
in the higher courts, and then he
formally overruled the govern
ment's application.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
New ChiId-Labor
Bulletin Issued

Washington, ID. C.-Publicatlon
of Child-Labor Bulletin No. 10l
dealing with the child-labor pro-
visions Of the Fair Labor Standards
Act is announced by Administrator
VIM. r. McCopb of the Wage
and Hour and Public Contracts Di-
visions, U. S. Department of Labor.
The new bulletin goes into detail
on those provisions of the Act
which serve to set age minima of
l6 years for general employment
and 18 years for work in hazardous
occupations, as we'll as the restric-
tions for permissible employment
of children of IA and is. Contain
ing not only the text of the child
labor provisions of the Act, and of
the hazardous occupations orders
issued by the Secretary of Labor,
the bulletin provides an easy-to-
read question and answer series
designed to cover problems which
commonly come up under the Acts
provisions on the employment of
children.
AS further aid, the bulletin also
calls attention to other Federal
laws having child-labor provisions
and indicates to employers how
they may obtain proof of age of the
minors they employ.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
Vehicle Factory Sales
Increase 27% Above May

Detroit-Factory sales of motor
vehicles from U. S. plants during
June totaled 431, ,033 units, an in
crease of 81 per cent above May,
the Automobile Manufacturers As
sociation announced.
The return to production of two
manufacturers, one strikebound
during part of May, the other hav-
ing prepared for the introduction
of new models, were major factors
in the industry's increased output.
Also, there were two more working
days in June as against May. Ma
terial shortages, however, still con-
tinued to limit output, the ANA
reported.
Factory sales of motor vehicles
for the first six months of 1948
totaled 2,488,301 units, or 6 per
cent above the 2,348,647 vehicles
produced in the comparable period
in 1947, the ANA said.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
EMPLOYMENT Shows Greater Stability
Hiring Rate Holds Steady BIS Soys

Washington Employment has
achieved greater stability at high
levels of industrial activity, accord
ing to statistics prepared by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The BIS reported that the hiring
rate for May in manufacturing in
dustries remained steady at rate
of 40 for every 1,O00 employees on
the payroll, below the level of any
May since the prewar period.
Total separations, including quits
and layoffs, declined to 43 per 1000
employees. The anticipated seasonal
rise in layoffs failed to materialize
with the rate decreasing to III per
1000, we'll under the comparable
months of other postwar years. The
number of workers voluntarily quit
ting their jobs dropped from 80 to
28 per LOCO.
Commenting upon the reduced
layoff rate, the BIS report said:
"This probobly reflects the rela-
lively moderate seasonal slack IN
several goods lines, as well as
stepped up activity in a number of
industries which were adversely af-
fected earlier in the year by severe
weather and material shortages"
The hiring rate for all manufac-
turing industry remained unchang-
ed since decrease in hiring activi-
ty in the durable goods field was
offset by counterbalancing in
creases in the hiring rates for
many soft goods industries.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
Big Profits, Scoring Prices
Declared Cause Of Inflution

Washington-Sen Senator j. Howard
McGrath declared that soaring pro-
fits and exorbitant prices have ere
duced the actual purchasing power
of factory workers despite higher
wages" and are major cause OF
our initiation.
Attacking the usual practice OF
blaming labor for price rises foist-
ed on the public by big business
the Senator singled out the steel
industry as an example. He said:
Increases in the price of steel
since the end of price controls two
years ago total more than the en-
tire annual payroll of the steel in
dustry during the past year. Yet
everytime the steel companies raise
prices, the blame is placed on the
worker who won small wage in
crease.
'These greedy price boosts by in
dustry are piled on the consumers
back when the 194S earnings OF
factory workers, averaging about
S52 a week, have an actual pur-
chasing power of So less than in
1916 when average weekly earnings
were only $43."
In support of the attack on the
steel industry the McGrath state
ment noted that United States
wage increase to its workers which,
granted 13-cent-an-hour wage
if followed by others in the in
dustry. would boost the steel wage
bin S130,000.000 annually for non
salaried workers. The total payroll
for the industry, including the sal
aried employees, would come to
S162 500,0C0, based on Iron and
Steel Institute work-hour esti-
mates, he said.
In the wake of the pay increases.
Mr.. McGrath noted that United
States Steel increased prices by
1894 a ton, which as a pattern
would bring in additional revenues
of $58S, ,953,78l to the industry if
1948 sales merely equal those of
1947.
"The wage increase will cost the
steel industry 1852, ,500,000," he
said. "But the price increase will
cost American consumers $685.
ISL"
The Senator asserted that since
the end Of controls in November,
1916, total revenue Of steel COM
panies has increased by $1,586, ,5l7,-
S94 while the total wage payment
of steel companies for the year
ending las May were only 81 ,551,- :
907,736.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
AFL Sends Food Parcels TO Berlin:
Plans New cdmpaign TO Continue Aid

Westinghouse response to ur-
gont appeals from Russian-block-
AIDED Berlin, the American Fedora
ton of Labor rused 1000 CARE
food packages to the city for distri-
button to trade union families,
Matthew Woll, AFL Executive
Council. member announced
At the same time Mr.. Woll said
a nationwide AFL-CARE campaign
would be launched for the contin-
ued support of European workers
struggling to rebuild free dem
ocrptic trade union movement.
The AFL acted swiftly in the
League for Human Rights, the Of
ficial foreign relief arm of the
Berlin crisis through its Labor
organization which is headed by
Mr.. VOL. Most of the 22-pound
food parcels were flown into Ber-
lin from Frankfort rt-on-the Main,
since CARE was able to supply
only 100 packages from its stock
pile in the former German capital.
Those were Immediately distributed
to needy families there.
eve aren't going to let down
the people who are struggling to
rebuild a free democratic trade
union movement in Germany" Mr..
Woll declared. "They are the same
people whose unions first felt the
hammer blows of Hitler and his
Nazis. They saw their long years
of work smashed; now they are re-
constructing"
"Since 1888, the AFL, through
the Labor League for Human
Rights has been sending unceasing
help to democratic trade unionists
in Germany and elsewhere in Eu-
rope" Mr.. Woll said. "Even during
the war, we were able to get aid
through to the dispersed and hunt
ed fighters for freedom and to
their wives and children.
"We regard the present emer-
gency as providing no less rea-
son for swift, humanitarian action.
No one knows how long the Ber-
lin blockade will continue, but as
long as it does, we shall certainly
meet our obligations as human be-
ings and as supporters of free dem
ocratic unioniSm everywhere.
"This AFL-CARE campaign
marks a program of all-out sup
port for the men and women striv-
ing against terrible odds to recon-
struct their unions" Mr.. Woll de-
clared.
All funds and CARE package
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
Weekly Earnings Reach
New High In June

Reflecting the effects of recent
wage settlements in several of the
"heavy" industries, average weekly
earnings for the $4,000, 900 produc-
tion workers in the nations factor
les increased by about 81 to an all
time record of $52.S1 in mid-June,
194S, according to preliminary esti-
mates made available by the Bu-
reau of Labor Statistics.
The new peak, only slightly above
the pre--Christmas high of $3.50,
reflects the effect of wage rate ad-
vances within the durable goods di-
vision and a lengthening Of the
workweek following improved coal
supplies and the termination of re-
cent work stoppages.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
Comment On
World Events

Taking a stand similar to that
| of American labor, Britain's Ma
ltional Council of Labor has de-
clared it's full support of the Brit
| ish governments demand for an
end Of the Berlin blockade by the
Russians. The obligations on the
West "are as compelling as they
we're in $685." the council said.
"Any show of weakness by the
West would be a fatal shock to
world confidence and an open in
vitation to yet grosser acts of in
timidation and aggression" the
council said in a formal statement.
-~'The council, which speaks for the
Trades Union Congress, the Labor
party and the cooperative move-
ment, said that Britain's policy on
the sanctity of agreements and the
the Berlin issue is "based on
defense of democratic rights"
at (the counciD fully agrees no
negotiations on the Berlin situa-
tion can be initiated under the
threat of force, and that further
discussion cannot begin until the
Russian blockade is lifted" the
statement read.
The council termed the Berlin
situation "the most critical moral
test" for the democratic world
since Munich.
"Once again a totalitarian flood
threatens to engulf the last island
of liberty in Eastern Europe" it
contended.
The American Federation of La
Dor has declared that the decision
in Berlin is Crucial to the future
of Europe and indeed of the world"
and has urged that "only an un-
yielding stand for principle can
check this new aggression. Brit
ish labor says the same thing, as
suring a united stand by the work
ers of the worlds two greatest de-
mocracies.
In strong argument for con-
tinuation of the campaign to aid
the children of war-devasted coun-
tries, the New York Herald Tri-
bune says:
"The United Nations Appeal for
Children was established for one
year only. Within the brief time al
lotted, it has had its successes and
disappointments; it has gathered
experience, and begun to harness
the immense reserves of generosity
and good will which it's cause
evokes There are compelling
reasons why the books should not
now be closed and the life giving
work halted. An extention would
be in the interest of the United
Nations as we'll as of millions of
needy children ;.
"For the Western world to inti-
mate that, after so brief an effort,
it can erase from its conscience the
plight of the postwar children,
would be to parody its true inten-
tions. Everyone who believes in the
values of our civilization knows
that new generation, safeguarded
against disease and the effects Of
undernourishment, is vital. To con-
tinue the United Nations Appeal
for Children would be a first step
in keeping faith with ourselves and
with the future.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
Truman Ask Price
RoIIback As Part
OF Anti-InfIation

Washington President Truman
asked Congress for authority to
roll back prices on essential cost-of-
living items to the general levels
prevailing in November, 1947, and
for other anti-inflation powers.
Paul A. Porter, former OPA
chief, testified in favor of the adj
ministration's proposals to curb
runaway initiation which also in
cluded reimposition of the excess
profits tax, selective price controls
with supporting wage controls, reg
ulation of installment credit, great
er deposit reserves to reduce bank
credit, priorities and ALLEGATIONS
tighter rent control, and regulation
of commodity exchanges.
The Presidents program ran into
immediate opposition from hostile
Congress and is likely to encounter
more as the special session pro-
crosses. Typical of the comment
was that expressed by Representa-
tive Jesse p. Wolcott, chairman OF
the House Banking and Currency
Committee, before which Mr.. Por-
ter testified. He said:
"We cannot have price and ra-
tioning controls and still have full
production. And only through full
production can we stabilize our eco
nomy."
Meanwhile, the Republican lead
ership in both Senate and House
agreed to press for an early ad-
journment of the special session OF
Congress and to consider only such
legislative matters that are "em-
ergency" in character. Under this
definition, it appeared that action
will be limited to consideration OF
anti-inflation and housing propos-
ais.
In a formal statement to the
House committee, Porter said the
country was now "in more economic
trouble than two years ago" and
termed present conditions an un-
easy prosperity" and "an unfair
prosperity"
"This paradox Of good times and
bad tempers, and the quite justi-
fled fear that our present prosper
ity may be built on quicksand," he
said, "are primarily rooted in one
fact: Higher and higher prices"
There is every reason, he declar-
ed, to expect continued rising
prices unless we act to stop them"
He called attention to times since
the war when hope for an end to
initiation had been inspired by in
dividual cases of halts or declines.
But, he pointed out, all such hopes
have been fruitless and prices have
moved steadily higher.
Porter said, however, that 1--WE do
noe expect these measures to re-
duce the general price level now.
We do expect them to end the up
ward march Of prices and to re-
duce, so far as in possible at this
late date, the threat of future col
lapse"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
Court uphoIds tn
Law Ban On Union
Political Spending

New Haven, Conn.-Fcderal Dis
trict Court Judge Carroll C. Hincks
upheld the Taft Hartley laws ban
on the use of union funds for poll
tical expenditures.
In a case deliberately designed
to test the law, Judge Hincks re-
fused to dismiss indictments
brought against Local 481 of the
AFL's Brotherhood of Painters,
Decorators and Paperhangers,
charging the union and it's presi-
dent, John R. O'Brien, with violat-
ing the law by spending union
funds fors political advertisement
in a Hartford newspaper and for a
political radio broadcast.
The union announced it will ap-
peal the case to the Supreme Court,
if necessary. 1t is considered un-
likely, however, that any final
decision could be obtained before
the general election in November.
The courts ruling against the
union asserted:
"In the light of the legislative
history of the act, in silhouette
against the contemporary back
ground, l hold, first, that the act
was well within the limits of Fed
eral legislative power and, second,
that it was not invalidated by its
incidental effect in restraint upon
the freedoms protected by the First
Amendment"
The union sought dismissal of the
indictments on the grounds that the
challenged section of the Taft
Hartley law violated the guarantees
of free speech and free press in
the First Amendment to the Con-
stitution.
Both the advertisement and the
broadcast, which were paid for out
of regular union funds, were di-
rected against the Presidential as
pirations of Senator Robert A.
Taft, Republican, of Ohio, one OF
the authors of the Taft-Hartley
law, and called for the defeat of
Connecticut members of Congress
who voted for it.
Judge Hincks held that the case
differed from that of the Con-
gress of Industrial Organizations
and it's president, Philip Murray, in
which the Supreme Court ruled last
month that unions could spend their
funds for some political purposes.
The CIO case, Judge Hincks stat
ed, involved "only expenditures by
a union to meet the costs of pub
fishing and issue of weekly union
periodical containing expressions OF
political advocacy and opinion IN
with a congressional
election and distributing the same"
In the Hartford case, the judge
said, "union monies were expended
for publication of expressions OF
political advocacy intended to af-
feet the result Of the election and
the action of the convention in an
established newspaper of general
circulation and for a broadcast by
a commercial radio station.
"The congressional history of the
act makes it abundantly plain that
the expenditures upon which this
is based were of that
very kind which Congress intended
to forbid" he added.
Violation of the political spend
ing ban carries a penalty of 81 600
fine or one year imprisonment or
both for an individual. The maxi
mum penalty for an organization is
a $4,000 fine.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05

orders in the campaign will be
sent to CARE, AFL representative,
so Broad Street, New York a.
Unions are being urged to make
contributions from their treasures,
while members will be asked to
make individual purchases.
All shipments will be covered by
CARES guaranteed delivery, and
under the agreement with the var
ious governments, the recipients
will be required to pay no taxes
on customs duties on the packages,
nor will they suffer loss of their
regular rations.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
UAW Wins TIC At Ford

Detroit (LPA)-Ford Motor Co.,
last of the industry's big three to
settle with the United Auto Work
ers-CIO, last week granted 10000
workers in its plants a total wage
increase of l6Hc to tie, including
a straight 13c wage boost and
fringe benefits.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-05
Whole World Suffers
From Housing Lack

Washington-World War ii des-
troyed the equivalent of 20,0C0,000
to 30,000,0O0 dwellings,. But this
represents only about Is to 20 per
cent of the total world housing
shortage From reports analyzed by
the Housing and Home Finance
Agency, it is estimated that in
Europe and Africa, destruction of
houses totaled about 100000
dwelling units. In Asia, the war
damage accounted for a loss esti-
mated all the way from 100000
to 100000 homes.