davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-04-14
Treat All Employees Alike

On what grounds the House Civil Service
Committee can justify its action IN approx
ing a bigger pay increase for postai
workers than for civil service employees
generally is mystery that needs clarinca-
ton. The House committee Is not pro-
posing a permanent realignment OF the
respective wage scales for the two groups
of Federal employees, as the Senate civil
Service Committee recommends. IL Is
advocating a cost-of- living increase that
would be effective only until June 50 OF
next year.
The committee would have difficulty IN
Allowing that the cost of living has risen
more for postal workers than Tor otner
enployes. Yet that is the only logical
basis for giving employees OF the postal
system larger cost-of-living 'oonus" tnan
that proposed for any other puoic
servants Surely butter and meat prices
leave Just as big hole IN the family
budget of an Interior or Agriculture or
Treasury employe as it does in that OF a
mail clerk or letter carrier.
The House group would grant regular
employees a temporary raise OF $4oo
year and postal workers $5S5 year. Inc
disparity is even greater in the Senate
bill $3.50 for regular employees and SSoO
for postal workers. But the Senate Dill
does not base the suggested raises on In
dated living costs. 1t bases them on the
debatable theory that postal employees are
engaged in specialized werk emitting them
to relatively higher salaries-permanently.
This argument long has been advanced
by representatives of the well-organlzeo
postal workers, but has been consistently
rejected by past Congresses in handing out
equitable increases for postal and other
employees
This year, however, the postal employees
organizations have been unusually active
at the Capitol-and Congressman are not
unnnindful of the fact, in an election year.
that the man who delivers the mail Is
often a citizen of considerable influence
among the home town folks. 1t is not un-
natural that his wants command more
respect on the Hill than those OF average
departmental employees. But a sense OF
fairness requires that all Government
workers be treated inpartially, regardless
of political considerations or pressures by
self-promoting, highly organized groups.
Evening star., 1948-04-14

political and theological framework OF the
western democratic world.
It is Soviet aggressiveness that has
gradually compelled the French, reluc-
tantly yet inevitably, to choose what they
regard as the lesser evil and accede to
the Anglo-American policy-with as many
concessions as possible. for themselves.
This process Of enlightenment was long
delayed by nationalistic and traditional
preiudices, deliberately famed by the
French Communists, who until last year
were part of the coalition government and
thus able to hinder any shift In French
policy toward Germany. But the sharpen
ing crisis between east and west, centering
in Germany, appears to have opened
French eyes to hard realities. Three
power agreement and the setting up OF
q "Trizonia" thus seem to be in the cards.
Evening star., 1948-04-14

nearer and nearer, and the United Nations
has vet to organize force to AL the pro-
spective vacuum Of authority.
This obviously is situation ripe for an
explosion that can rock the Middle East
and the peace OF the world. The tragedy
is that although everybody recognizes the
danger, nobody seems to know what to do
about 1t. The only hope is that the Arabs
and Jews will arrive at some eleventh-hour
understanding that will enable the United
Nations to hammer out sane and peace
full solution. Short of that, the worst
must be expected.
Evening star., 1948-04-14
NEARING an Explosion

Although it comes as no surprise, tne
World Zionist Councils proclamation OF
an independent Jewish state serves 10 EN-
nhasize that the problem of Palestine IS
moving swiftly toward the exploding polnt.
The British are scheduled to give up their
mandate on May IS. On the next day,
according to the proclamation, the jews
will consider themselves masters OF
country of their own, and they Will oe1eno
1t against all comers, irrespective OF any
thing the United Nations General Assembly
may have to say about the matter.
The Assembly-which is to meet later
this week to consider how best to bring
peace to the Holy Land-thus faces It's
most critical and pressing challenge to
date. Neither the Arabs nor the Jews
have shown any real disposition to agree
to the truce proposed by the United States
and unanimously indorsed by the security
Council. Nor have either of them re-
sponded favcrably to the American plan
for a temporary U. N. trusteeshlp-a
trusteeship that would serve to MAINTAIN
law and order until mutually satisfactory
solution could be worked out The Zionists
are particularly emphatic on this point;
they insist on partition, on separate
state of their own, and their proclamation
warns that they are prepared to fight to
the death for it.
This position-which incidentally is op-
posed by percentage of Jews. both IN the
Holv Land and elseWhere-raises unique
question of great legal Importance. AS
constituted today, Palestine is an inter-
national mandate in which no people Is
sovereign What if the U. N. now votes
to set up its own temporary trusteeship
there to replace the withdrawing British
authority? What if the Arabs reluctantly
agree to this, while the Zionists resist 1t
and hold fast to their unilaterally pro-
claimed state? Will the latter then be
committing an act of aggression against
territory legally under the control OF the
United Nations? If so. how will the
Security Council deal with it? And where
will the Zionist leadership be able to look
for help?
These questions, wholly apart from
offering food for thought to those Jews
who demand their own state by May 10
help to illustrate the complexity of the
problem to be taken up by the General
Assembly on Friday. Yet with the British
due to surrender their mandate within q
month, a solution of some sort must be
found quickly If warfare of the gravest
kind Is to be averted. Unfortunately, how.
ever, the outlook for an effective truce Ii
dim in the extreme. The Arabs, botf
within and outside Palestine, are as un
yielding as ever, and Zionists, with thei
new declaration of independence" seen
increasingly militant. Meanwhile, as tn
gulf between the two deepens and widenz
the date for Britains withdrawal come
Evening star., 1948-04-14
Economic Loss of Coal Strike

To the Editor OF The Star:
II John L. Lewis and his coal miners union
are found guilty Of contempt OF court, Wouio
it not be well to predicate the hne on the
amounts that other union laborers have lost
d,e to the shutdowns caused by the lack Of
coal?
According to the records, there have been
1ayofYs Of nearly 100000 men for the period
in question in the railroads and steel plants
alone. Either these employees lost their wages
or else they were partly paid by their welfare
agencies. both being highly inequitable
The fne, in case Of guilt, should require the
miners union to make good these deficits either
directly to the employees or to the organlza-
tions that carried them. This would certainly
be retributive Justice.
JOSEPH r MAGUIRE.
Evening star., 1948-04-14

grsss support UNIT. The latest public-opinion
poll shows that veterans indorse UNIT by q
margin Of six to one
Mr.. Thompson argues against UNIT on the
ground that 1t d American adoption Of the
European military caste system. It is nothing
Of the sort, which Mr.. Thompson can learn
il he will examine the program.
UNIT Is an American preparedness program
proposed In the light Of highly tense world
situation Maybe Mr.. Thompson wants to be
. sitting duck. don't.
g. WILLIAM STRACK.
Evening star., 1948-04-14
Boooto Communists

The indictment OF the Communist role
In the Bogota revolt runs along two lines.
According to one theory, the uprising
began as q spontaneous protest against
the assassination Of Liberal Jorge Gaitan,
a protest which was quickly exploited and
capitalized on by the Communists. The
other view is that the Communists planned
the whole business and directed 1t from
beginning to end.
There is not yet at hand sufncient
evidence to show which OF these Is the
correct version. But If either one is right
the conclusion to be drawn from 1t Is
fairly obvious.
Colombia is literate and tolerant Latin
American country It Is clear that the
government knew Of the activities OF the
Colombian Communists, but under the
countrys traditions they were permitted
to operate with a large measure Of free
dom. Nothing was done to restrain them
until they struck. And now Bogota, the
capital, is heavily damaged, hundreds OF
people are dead and the state is able to
function only within the framework OF
martial law.
It would have been better for Colombia,
certainly, If the Communists had been
dealt with firmly before rather than after
they had brought this disaster upon
Bogotae But the Colombian government
waited too long, and now the country Is
paying the price Of that delay. The
essential question is one which confronts
virtually all nations today. Where should
the line be drawn between the tolerance
which accompanies the doctrine of civil
rights and the advantage which the Com
munist wreckers take Of that doctrine?
How far is it right for the government of
free country to go in shielding those
agents of the Kremlin who are bent only
upon the subversion of freedom?
Evening star., 1948-04-14
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

O. Were there ever any attempts to assasd-
nate Queen Victoria?-C D. D.
A. The Queen survived five attacks-on june
TO- 1910: May 80, 1s42; July 8, 1912; May 1s, 1s4s.
and March 2, 1882.
O. Is there an authentic painting OF the
Virgin Mary in existence?-W. E. B.
A. Mention of q supposedly authentic pic
ture of the Madonna occurred IN history
shortly after the Council OF Ephesus lAD.
431). The Empress Eudocia, while travelling n
the Holy Land, sent home picture OF the Vir-
gifl Mary and Child which was placed In
church in Constantinople. This picture Is
supposed to have been painted from life. Dur
ing the siege of 1904 It was transferred to
Venice and placed In the Church Of st. Marx.
@. Did the Indians in the Omitted stats:
participate in the war between the North and
South?-J. B. G..
A. some Indians sided with the North. some
with the South and Indians fought In both
the Federal and Confederate armies. Some
of the Indians were shareholders and they
were affected by the war just a. other aavs-
holders were
@. How many married couples have received
Nobel Prize for joint work IN sclentinc 70.
search?-C. q. B.
A. Besides the Nobel Prize in medicine
awarded jointly to DR.. and Mrs Carl 7. COR aa
physics prize, and Frederick and Irene Johot
won the 1885 chemistry prize.
@. Where did Victoria and Albert spend their
honeymoon?-F. s.
A. Victoria and Albert spent day or two at
Windsor. Victoria wrote Albert 10 days before
the wedding, "You forget, my dearest love.
that am the sovereign and that business can
stop and wait for nothing. Parliament ID
sitting and two or three days Is already
long time to be absent"
O. What was the attitude Of Luxembourg
during World War II?-C. g. r.
A. Germany occupied Luxembourg CMay 10.
194O and announced august 80 ls42) that
the country had been incorporated into the
Third Reich. government-in-exile was
established in Montreal. The country was lib
Grated September II, 1914 Grand Duchess
Charlotte returned to her country April d.
1945.
O. When was the first Indian rupee mintedi
IT. F. r.
A. silver coin of ITS grains Troy called the
tanka, approximating the rupee, was struck by
the Mohammedan rulers Of Delhi In the 13th
century. The rupee itself OF l7s grains was
introduced by Sher Shah in 1742 Since 1888
the rupee has uniformaly weighed lS0 grains,
containing 1855 grains Of pure silver. =
@. Is there singular form for the word
"dice"?-L. c. s.
A. The singular form Of the word "dice" y
"die." I.
O. What is the derivation Of the name Of
Savannah?-H. B. A.
A. The name Savannah Is derived from the
Spanish word sabana, meaning grassy plain"
q. What was the hrst book printed IN North
America?-R. H. C.. "a. s-ss.. :
A. The first book printed In the New World
was probably q translation from Latin into
spanish (printed In Mexico) of THE Spiritual
Ladder" by st. John Climacus, in 1885. =
Evening star., 1948-04-14
| stors, Men and Atoms
Terropin Re-estoblished
In Atlantic Coast Waters
Breeding Stock Will Be Released After
Fifty Years in Captivity
By Tho,nas r. Henry :

by xHOm0S n. II eDry $50
The terrapan, long in danger Of extinction.
appears to have been re-established IN Atlantic
coastal waters after 50-year breeding problem.
breeding stock Of $500. some Of which
have been In captivity . half century. viii b
released this spring from the Unitsd etates
Bureau of Fisheries laboratory ct Beaufort
N. c., after providing total Of about 100000
offspring for the revival program.
The terrapin long since has fallen frnm tts
high estate. Before prohibition It brought
prices ranging Is high a. 500 dosen. When
liquor was shut OH the price dropped 10 about
$l2 dozen and the industry no longer was
profitable. But already the terrapin was faS
on its way to extinction ,.-
Coming Back - Dshcscy. ~ .tes
Since repeal 1t has been coming slowly baek
As . delicacy In expensive restaurants. Oncs
it was rated 30 high that . law pa1ed by
Marylands Colonial Legislature prohibited fesd.
ing 1t to slaves more than once . week. IT y
not clear whether this law was for the Pre-
lection Of terrapin or TO prevent inhuman
treatment Of slaves ."
In their breeding pens the oldtin,ers
some of the b0-year-olds still are laying
fertile eggs-stuck to m instructive pattern.
After mating under water the female climbed
On u SAuoy pc0Cu, sCIbpco OOt IO0e 1UI tioS
eggs and artfully covered 1t while still leaving
an air pocket. Then she went back to the
water and forgot about her progeny. The
young were captured by Fisheries Bureau at.
tendantx. They were kept and fed for year
in q special brooding house and then strewn.
like seeds, into likely waters
Accustomed to Being Fed.
There is every likelihood that the brood
stock, mostly females, Is being released 70
starvation. Such terrapin have been aec,ls-
toned to being fed all their lives. They have
no experience in foraging for themselves and
there is considerable question whether their
instructive behavior will overcome lack Of
experience
The young are being released at . rate os
about $4,000 . year. terrapin may sur
vive for as long as 100 years and his worst
enemy in the past has been man. Commercial
fishermen no longer find it profitable to chase
him.
The dish Is now one strictly for epicures with
q cultivated taste. Most novices declare the
taste abominable. It just happened to bs
fashionable during the hard drinking gay s0s.
Certainly no Maryland slave ever complained
because he was denied the costly delicacy
oftener than once q week.
Evening star., 1948-04-14
Veterans Supporting UNIT

To the Editor Of The Star:
In letter to the Editor Of The Star. pub
lished April 7. George II. Thompson complains
that because the American Legion Is FORE
most advocate of universal military training.
the impression exists that veterans groups as
a whole favor UNIT. He says this Is not true.
For the enlightenment Of Mr.. Thompson and
any others in doubt, let Us set the record
Straight
The American Legion and all other bona
dde veterans organizations chartered BY Con-
Evening star., 1948-04-14
On Strengthening Out the Guard

TO the Editor Of The Star:
am writing you in the interest Of the Dis
trict Of Columbia National Guard, Of which I
am former member. being retired by opera
ton of law in the grade of lieutenant colonel,
Medical Corps, for physical disability, which
retirement occurred June Is, 1912
According to an article appearing In The
Star, Friday, April 8, Gen. Albert L. Cox, the
commanding general. DONG, stated that he
would be willing to resign as soon as the
Guard was on firm footing. Gen. Cox was
quoted as saying that he wanted, ito get the
Guard reorganiZed first. There are certain
things that are started that want to finish
before this is dumped into the lap Of some
one else"
It is my understanding that all units of the
local Guard have now been activated The
task remaining Is that of recruiting these units
to their full strength. It is my opinion that
continued charges Of inenaciency, "wanton dis
regard Of law" and use Of stubborn Philadel-
phia lawyer tactics" can only result in hamper
ing the completion Of the task Of recruiting,
50 essential at this time, if our Guard Is to
take its place in our national defense.
It appears that little progress is being made
to straighten out difficulties; on the contrary
they appear to be increasing. Possibly, 1t
would be better to dump the mess into some
one else's lap without further delay.
am informed that Secretary Of War Royan
in his Army Day address before the District
of Columbia Chapter Of the Military Order Of
the World Wars referred to Gen. Cox as my
dearest friend" Is personal friendship in
any way the reason for failure to solve the
pressing problems Of the District National
Guard? DIR. S. NJ GRAYsON.
Evening star., 1948-04-14
"A Mans a Man for a That

70 the Editor Of The Star:
As "one Who Remembers" an ex-school
teacher has anonymously challenged the
democracy OF the American Automobile
Association In the selection Of boys to meet
Gen. Omar Nelson Bradley, word Of explana-
tion is needed.
The selection was made not by the AAA but
by the co-ordinator, police ofilcer who works
with school safety patrols and who Is member
Of Washingtons Metropolitan Police Depart
ment. The AAA had nothing to do with the
selection. and it was merely accidental that the
SIX boys happened to be sons Of men who
earned their laurels in the commissioned ranks
as well as their honors as heroes and valiant
soldiers and sailors. Under our American.
democratic system 1t Is no disgrace to work
ones way up to the commissioned ranks, for,
unlike the German, Japanese and Russian
systems, commissioned officers are not created
because they belong to the Nazi or Communist
Parties or the household Of Hirohito.
We hold every respect for the fathers OF
those boys who visited the Chief Of Staff on
Army Day; some Of those fathers laid down
their lives for the country Of which Zone Who
Remembers" and are citizens. Those who
have paid that great price for this Nations
freedom didn't quibble and argue because they
were officers; an officers blood is just as truly
American and just as red as one Of the
underprivileged.
think the quotation from Elbert Hubbard's
"A Message to Garcia" might well be applied
to officers when he wrote: There Is no excel
lence, per Sc, In poverty; rags are no recon-
mendation, and all employers are not rapacious
and high handed, any more than all poor men
are virtuous"
Sixteen thousand boys and girls will parade
in the AAA School Safety Patrol Parade and
Rally on Saturday. May 49, these are children
Of veterans of World War II In many instances
and as good Americans, We neither know nor
care whether they are the offspring Of
commissioned or noncommissioned olcers-it
makes no difference in a democracy.
WALTER w. HUBBARD.
Evening star., 1948-04-14
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
,crtter, although it Is permissible TOR a
,priter knopn to The Star to use a
nom de plune. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1948-04-14

Among the worries Of the true journalist,
where there are morning and evening
papers in the town, is that the end Of
the world will break on the oppositions
firne
Evening star., 1948-04-14

Television in saloons paves the way for
something novel in excuses: Dropping in
to catch q fast double play and Scotch.
Evening star., 1948-04-14

What's become Of the old fashioned John
L. Lewis who could end conversation with
II have spoken"7
Evening star., 1948-04-14
Applause for Mr.. Martin

To the Editor Of The Star
1t is wonderful tribute to the personal
initiative integrity, and ability Of the Speaker
Of the House, Joseph w. Martin, jr., that he
could accomplish what agencies, boards, and
commissions, to say nothing Of the Department
Of Labor, could not do-a compromise which
led to settlement Of the terrible coal strike
confronting the Nation.
Actions speak louder than words" without
previous announcement, without fanfare, with
out bureaucratic red tape and bungling, Mr..
Martin accomplished what others could not
do. His action constitutes real accomplish
lnent.
Mr.. Martin has once again proven his worth
to the people Of America
MARION EDWIN HARRISON II.
Evening star., 1948-04-14
Questions and Answers

q fact b. wlitins The Eysnntn. stsr Infesmsticr
Evening star., 1948-04-14
Picking the Time and Place

Picking the Time and Place
To the Editor Of The Star:
1t is to be hoped that Mrs Harriet Crandalls
views on Mr.. Wallace, communism and war do
not represent the feeling Of many people. She
writes that: Uncle Sam would have to drag
me by the hair to make me 60 to war" She
finished by saying that she is eligible for the
OAR. wonder If the men who fought our
Revolutionary War and made the OAR
possible had her ideas.
Let's analyze her letter. Mrs. Crandall says
that Henry wallace and thousands Of other
people thought war was right in 1941. don't
think any of those people thought war was
right. They thought 1t was necessary. In
fact it was handed to us on hot platter by the
Japanese air force and Roosevelt's political
blundering. "Mr. wallace has perfect right
to change his mind" That, want to see! II
Mr.. Wallace has mind, he has been very sue
cessful in keeping 1t a secret. Let Europe go
communistic who cares?" No one, except for
few of us who don't enjoy the spectacle Of
millions Of people in slavery, and few OF us
who don't wish to spend most OF our national
income on defensive armament. Mr.. Wallace
Is an American citizen and not q Communist"
II this statement Is true, it is another amaz-
ing secret which has been successfully kept
from the public.
Now for . summary: We should declare
war on Russia. It Is inevitable, and for once
in our history we should pick the time and
place Of combat instead of waiting for another
Pearl Herbor. When a person is threatened
by malignant disease, he does not wait Tor
it to kill him before he takes curative measures.
Unless, OF course. he is like Mr.. Wallace and
Mrs Crandall. ANDREW w. LARMAN.
Evening star., 1948-04-14
Homogenized Milk Explained

TO the Editor Of The star:
Thomas A. Gewiski has become very dis
turbed over homogenized milk Wehsters
dictionary gives . very simple definition for
the word: "Homogenize (ho-moj-e-niz). to
make uniform throughout"
The n.ilkman still has old-fashioned milk
in bottles, so the amount Of cream can be seen.
There are dairy farms close to Washington
which sell raw milk direct from the COW.
Homogenized milk has the cream evenly dis
tributed, which gives it = rich taste. II the
advertisement In the ice cream parlors Mr..
Gewiski patronizes read: "Homogenized Ice
Cream or Milk Shake" the reference Is to the
process Of mixing, not the recipe, which might
include SKINNED milk. The public gets fooled
many times. MRS L. M. DEN1SON.