davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-06-01
Official of Communist Party
Seized for Deportation Action

as the party's education director. At
one time he was on the editorial
board of the Daily Worker.
Stachel is a native OF Austria
Hungary, is 40 years old and first
entered the United States in 1911,
the department said. He Is married
and has one child.
The warrant against him says he
last entered the United States at
an unknown port in November,
1881. when he came in without the
required immigration visa.
The departments announcement
said the arrest was lin line with
General Clark's policy to
remove subversive agents from the
United States"
The Attorney General has caused
the arrest for deportation Of a
dozen top figures in the Communist
(See STACHEL, Page A-6J
Evening star., 1948-06-01
Giant Plane Carrier Approved
Unanimously by Senate Group
Report Thot Joint Chiefs Of Stoff Endorsed
Project Was Mistake, Hearing DiscIoses

successor to Gen. Spaatz as Air
Force chief of staff, made no COM
ment on the matter, Secretary
Forrestal informed the committee.
Secretary Of the Navy Sullivan
submitted a long statement to the
Senate committee explaining that
the bill, similar to one approved
May II by the House Armed Serv-
ices Committee. would authorize the
Navy to suspend further work on
the battleship Kentucky, the heavy
cruiser Hawaii, seven destroyers,
two destroyer-escorts and two sub
marines. This, he said, would leave
approximately s23O,o00, 900 that 9TH
erWise would be spent on completion
of those ships which were started
during the war:
He said those ships would be pre-
served and probably fitted out for
newer purpose later on. But, he
added, the way should be opened
now for the Navy to carry out an
advanced program, including the
supercarrier, which was enviSioned
as early as 1914.
The immediate usefulness of
these l3 ships, on which work would
be suspended, is outweighed by the
acute necessity for the construction
and conversions envisaged in the
Evening star., 1948-06-01
s Indicted in Gambling
As Fay Remains Silent
0nCheck Of 0|dCases
Big Operator Is Listed
By Police in Group Named
By Regular Grand Jury
By Chris Mothisen

Six persons, including man
described by police as an i'm
portant numbers game figure,
were indicted today by the regu-
lar grand jury on gambling
charges.
Meanwhile, United States Attor-
ney George Morris Fay returned to
his desk after the holiday week
end and remained firm in his re-
fusal to make any statement an
alyzing a compilation of figures on
gambling case dispositions made by
Police Supt. Robert j. Barrett.
Today's indictments, wholly apart
from proceedings of the special
grand jury called to investigate
gambling here, named, among
others, Sam Morgan, AZ, whose ad-
dress was given as the TOO block
of Wayne avenue, Silver Spring.
Accused of Running Lottery.
Morgan, the reputed numbers op-
orator, was charged with operating a
lottery and possessing lottery slips.
In the same indictment Mary
Charles. 81, of the first block Of
Rhode Island avenue NV, said BY
police to have been with Morgan In
his automobile at the time of theii
arrest March %, was named on the
same charges.
According to police, quantity oi
numbers slips and other records
were found in the automobile, ano
Morgan had several thousand dol.
lars in cash in hts possession at the
time
Others Indicted in Same Case.
The others indicted in the same
case are eBatrice Campbell, 80, OF
the 1900 block of Fourth street NV;
Jency Garrett. Al. of the 600 block
Of Aker street NE: Otis Jones, %
of the 400 block of E street NE, and
william A. Brown, 80, first block OF
L street NV, all of whom are COL
oreo
All are charged with operating
lottery, and, in addition, Brown
Garrett and the Campbell woman
(See GAMBLING, Page A-5)
Evening star., 1948-06-01
Veterans Preference
In U. 5. Job Layoffs
Upheld by High Court
Unanimous Decision
Backs Years Priority
For Ex-Servicemen
By the Assoeiased Press

The Supreme Court unani-
mously upheld today United
States Civil Service Commission
regulations which give special
protection to war veterans dur
ing layoffs of Government
workers.
The regulations require dismissal
of a non-veteran career employe
before a veteran career worker even
though the non-veteran had longer
service on the job. They are based
on the 1914 Veterans Preference
Act and the 1910 Selective Service
Act.
Justice Black delivered the deci-
sion. Justices Reed and Rutledge
wrote concurring opinions.
Harmful Practice Charged.
The case was brought by Earle
w. Hilton, non-veteran Govern
ment employe who was laid off after
working IL years at the Charleston,
S. c., Navy Yard. His attorney told
the court:
approximately IS per cent Of the
veterans accorded absolute prefer
ence in the Charleston Navy Yard
were without prior experience in
shipbuilding and were trained by the
career Civil Service employees whom
they displaced under the regulations.
This action is harmful to the
national defense and the Civil
Service"
Mr.. Hilton attacked validity of
Al plus, and Al classiflcationS
which give veterans job priority over
veterans. The Al plus CLASH
fication gives veterans priority for
one year, regardless of their eff
cheney or length of civilian service.
The Al classification gives job pri-
ority to veterans after one year II
they have an efficiency rating Of
good or better. Mr.. Hilton appealed
to the Supreme Court after the Dis
trict Court here and the Court OF
Appeals ruled against him.
Classifica ton Mandatory.
Justice Black said Congress made
the Al plus classification manda-
tory. His opinion with regard to
one year tenure said Congress ord
cred that the Federal Government
shall" re-employ returning veterans
and not fire them within one year
without cause.
AS for the Al classification,
Justice Black relied on section OF
the Veterans Act which requires
that veterans whose efficiency rat
ings are good or better shall be re-
tained in preference to all ohter
Evening star., 1948-06-01
News
Bulletin
Veteran Preference Upheld

Veteran preference Upneio
The Supreme Court today
unanimously upheld Civil
Service Commission regula-
tions which gave special pro-
lection to war veterans in
layoffs Of Government work.
ers. The court ruled that
under the Veterans Prefer
ence Act a Navy civilian en-
ploye was not entitled to get
back the Navy job from which
he was dismissed because he
was not a veteran. The ruling
upheld previous rulings by
District Court and the Court
of Appeals here.
Evening star., 1948-06-01
Committee Asks Indefinite Sum
To Assure Income Tax Refunds
Bill Would Authorize
LOO More Workers
For Coast Guard

The Coast Guard would be
authorized to hire about 1,l00
additional employees under the
Treasury Post Office appro-
priations bill reported to the
House today.
About 100 jobs would be in
Washington. with the remain
der in the field.
Evening star., 1948-06-01
HitIer's Physician Dies

GIESSEN, Germany. June l (P.-
DR.. Theodore Morrell, once Adolf
Hitler's personal physician, died last
week, it was learned here today.
He was released from an Amer
ican internment camp only few
months ago.
Evening star., 1948-06-01
First Chick in Decade
Hotched by Penguins
At Woshinqton Zoo

The first penguin chick in 10
years was Matched at the Zoo
today. The proud parents are
small Humboldts from the coast
of Peru and the Galapagos
Islands.
The last chicks were born
to the jackass penguins-two or
thres of them. and they lived
only three months.
Penguin eggs are rarely
Matched in captivity. according
to Zoo Director William M.
Mann, and the young birds are
especially hard to raise to ma
turity.
Evening star., 1948-06-01

priations totaling $1,068,000, 900.
These increased the total for funds
in l94S to $2,229 ,00e,0 ,000
The committee said the amount
to be refunded to taxpayers in 1949
will be contingent upon number
of unrelated factors which are not
susceptible of measurement in ad-
vance,"
Not the least of these factors, 1t
explained, was the tax cut bill which
1See APPROPRIATIONS, Pg. A-6D
Evening star., 1948-06-01
More bikes Burst on Columbia
Mass Excavations Are Underway
AIonq 12O-Mi|e Stretch Of River
Vonport's Houses
Swept Through
Levee Breaks
BULLETIN

President Truman today or
dered full resources of the
Federal Government mobi-
lized for aid in the Pacific
Northwest food disaster. He
also directed the Army, In
terror Department and hous-
ing officials to investigate and
make recommendations for
Traditional legislative author
ity to meet emergencies of this
character.
Evening star., 1948-06-01

(See COURT, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1948-06-01

tSee DEFENSE, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1948-06-01

= (See PALESTINE, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1948-06-01

(See ATTACK, Page A-6D
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
FIGHT DOPE

Fights last night turned out as follows:
 Brooklyn, N. Y.,-Vic Amato, 166 Brooklyn, knocked out Joe de Souza 1573l Brooklyn (6).
 New York-Eugene Hairston, 147 New York, knocked out Teddy Prit- chard, 147'2, New York @. New York--Leo Milito, l35ha. New | York, decisioned Paul Franchette l30, Lowell, Mass. (8). 1 West Springfield, Mass.-Joe Baksi. 209, Kulpmount Pa. stopped Willie Brown, 191, New York t4. |, Baltimore Vern Mitchell, 192, De-
 troit. decisioned Ted Lowry, l75. New York 10).
 /, Chicago-Bob Foxworth. ITS E. [ St. Louis, H., knocked out Enrico
 Bertola, l9ll2, Rome. Italy @. San Francisco,-Tony Bosnich, 1 196, San Francisco, stopped Jackie
 Cranford, lS5, Washington, D. c. { (4).
 Las Vegas, Nev,-Chief Gordon ; House, 137, Houston, Tex, decisioned Eddie Prince, l37, Detroit l0).
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
|S7-YEAR-0LDER l TRIES HIS HAND
 | SALMON FISHING

Chalking up string of firsts on his current trip to the Territory Albert Beuter, 87 years young. from Ogden, Utah, took part in his. first salmon fishing trip Sunday in com- pany with his daughter and son-in- law, MT. and Mrs. c. J. Smith of Douglas. His trip up here via Pan American was also his first attempt at flying.
 Taking to the water in a Sports man Rental boat, Beuter had little luck with the fishing, but Mrs. Smith landed one of the largest echoes brought in this year when she pulled a "A pounder over the side.
 Also fishing Sunday were L. H. Bayers, Fred Stewart and Tom Ste wart who brought in two fairly large halibut and two salmon weigh ing IA and 16 pounds.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
SEALS HAVE GREAT LEAD
 PC. LEAGUE
By The Associated Press)

Experts who at the start of the Pacific Coast League season pre- dicted San Francisco to win the pen nant in breeze no doubt are al ready acquiring that snug T told you so" feeling.
 The season has five weeks yet to run but the seas are camped atop the heap with a four-game lead and principally second, division com petition to face. And second dlVl- sion clubs are fish for the seals,
 This week San Francisco, which 1apped Hollywood six out of seven last week, has chance to fatten up on last place Sacramento in an ll-game series, including five doub- leheaders to make up postponed game
 Second place oakland might have trouble with fourth-place Seattle The Los Angeles Angels, 7l2 games lack in third place, visit the San Diego Padres, now far down the liS,
 Hollywood may be in for another week of misery with the Portland Beavers who, although in fifth place by 14i2 games, have been the Leagues most up-and-doing outfit for weeks The Beavers have won six and tied two of their last eight series and their pitching staff has been a thing of beauty to manager Jim Turner.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
67 PASSENGERS FLOWN MONDAY
 PAN AMERICAN

In and out of Juneau Monday Pan American Airways carried 6 i. passengers. Arriving from Seattle were Evi Congdon, Gerald Murphy, Delber Wilson, Joan Wilcox, Irving Hulse Mrs. Amy Fromholz, Burnett Payne Betty Henrold. George Brighton. Shirl Brown Viola Reed, Jacinto Pelagio, Lucille Pelagio, Caroline Harwick, J. A Spere.
 MT. and Mrs. Scott Campbell, Ja, l Goodman, B. N. Bickovich. Leonard Williamson, J. B. Dodge, Wanda and Peggy Richardson, George Folta Richard Folta. Dr. Aronson, E. T. Blomquist Louis Fritsche, Evelyn Willis, Nora and Mel Smith, Stanley Walsh Mary Walsh. Juneau to Seattle: Elizabeth Parks, Arthur McKinnon, Mrs. John Krugness, Jr, and children, w. w Jacobson, Melvin and Velma Little David McIntire. Bryant Gardner.
 James V. Parks, Jr., Bob Hickok, Walt Kinds, G. V. Graham, Edward Willkie, E. E. Jensen. Iona Jensen, Madeline Caby.
 George Walker, Lila Carlson, E.. F. Sill, Lillian Sill.
 MT. and Mrs. Hans Frosay, Hollis Penn. Claude A. Rumfield, Ivanlee Mitchell.
 Juneau to Fairbanks: L. w. Glesy. Norman Haley, Verla Houston, J. F. Cornell, Rod and Hernia Dar- nell.
 Passengers from Juneau to White horse: w. Profelt, Ray and Kath- erine Dexter, J. P. Mophail.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
& E8 XA 4&8
Braves Nose Out Dodgers, B In IA Innings; Bosion Team
 Takes on Cardinals Tonight
By RALPH RIDDEN

The Boston Braves, following the battle plan of the old New York Yankees of knocking off the clos est rival, take on the runner-up Cardinals in St. Louis tonight af- ter successfully disposing of a Brooklyn bid for their league lead ership.
 Billy Southworth's hustling Brav- es cooled off the Dodgers, 3-2, in l4 innings yesterday to win the series, three games to one.
 The less dropped the Dodgers in- to third place. the idle Cardinals taking over second, two-and-one- half games behind the Braves.
 However, the picture is not so bright for Boston against the Red Birds The Cardinals have showed the Braves around recently, win ming eight out of their last ten games.
 Before 32,499 fans the Braves won out i'll the 14th when Phil Masi and Connie Ryan socked con- secutive doubles against Rex Bar ney, fourth Dodger hurler.
 N4lke Mccormick sent the game into overtime when he belted Paul Winners first pitch into the low CT left field stands in the eighth inning.
 Only one other game was played in the National League. The Reds messed out the Philadelphia Phillies, 3-2 in ten innings under the lights at Cincinnati on relief pitch CT Harry Gumbert's homer.
 Gumhert relieved starter Ewell Blackwell in the eighth inning after the lanky righthander tired. Gumbert led off the tenth with a drive over the left field wall off Schoolboy Rowe. third Phiilie pitcher. It was Gumbert's first hit of the season.
 In the lone American League NCl@lSolf liiC 1SGW Oi dllhtCo crushed the last place Chicago White Sox, l1-1, in night game at New York The victory was the seventh straight for the Tanks and enabled them to move to within a game of second place Boston and within one-and-a-half games of Cleveland.
 Allie Reynolds went the route for the Tanks to post his 18th win He lost his shutout in the eighth when Aaron Robinson homered
 Joe DiMaggio paced the Tanks 14-hit attack against four Chicago pitchers by driving in four runs on single and three-run homer. The homer was his 28th and the four runs batted in enabled him to tie Boston's Vern Stephens for the circuit lead in that department at 1l2.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
LEADEQ5 IN B. 3.

Leaders in the major league base ball are as follows.
 American League
 Ratting-Williams, Boston .375; Boudreau, Cleveland .365.
 Runs batted in-Stephens, Boston and DiMaggio, New York 1l2. Home runs DiMaggio, New York 28; Stephens, Boston 26.
 Pitohing-Kramer Boston 14-4 .778, Raschi, New York l7-5 .773.
 National League
 Batting-Musial, St. Louis 1884 Pafko, Chicago .333.
 Runs batted in-Mize, New York 97; Musial, St. Louis 96.
 Home runs-Kiner, Pittsburgh 32i Mize, New York 31.
 Pitching Brecheen, St. Louis l5- 4 .789; Chesnes, Pittsburgh 9-3 .75O Empire wantads get results!
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
{. 4. BURCkHARDT
 DIES IN SEATTLE

SEATTLE. Aug. 24--tR-Charles A. Burckhardt, 79, former President of the Pacific Fisheries Association and long active in shipbuilding and Alaska Cannery operations. died here yesterday after brief illness.
 After coming here from Portland in 1921 he organized the Consolidat- ed Alaskan Canneries, Inc, and in 1923 formed the Lake Washington shipyard which built large num- Der of aircraft and torpedo boat tenders for the Navy.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
WASHINGTON UGRIDDER5
 NOT HOPEFUL

SEATTLE, Aug. 24-tR-Only 18 lettermen are expected to be among the 61 University of Washington gridders invited by Coach Howie Cdell to attend the initial turnout Sep. l.
 Further, two of the felt-wearers center Bill McGovern of Tacoma and wingman Hank Melusky-may pass up football this season because of the press of school work. Me Govern is the only yarsity-exper fenced pivotman on the squad.
 Odell will be turning hopefully through the aspirants for quarter back.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
ACCEPTS NEW POSITION

Earline Hull has accepted a position with the Territorial Se- lective Service. Miss Hull, who is a World War II veteran, will have charge of all records of World | War II veterans. When the rec ords have been completed, they will be turned over to the Terri torial Auditors office for statis- tical purposes. Miss Hull was form erly employed hy Dr. Joyce D. Smith.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
pMA BRINGS IN !,
 GOES WEST WITH 3

Pacific Northern Airlines passen- gers in and out of Juneau Monday were:
 Anchorage to Juneau: Mrs. Nit chell, E. w. Davis, J. Bardell, Eliza beth Stack, Claude Runfield, Lila Neurenfeldt, Hollis Renn.
 From Juneau to Anchorage: Ja- cinto Pelagio, Lucille Pelagio, Mary Marmon, Mrs. Mary Brown. w. A Carson, c. A. West, Wallace Tyk- ward, Dan Bryan.
 Juneau to Cordoya: H. McElwain
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
LEGISLATION ON
 CHILD LABOR I5
 URGED BY LEGION

The Juneau Post of the American Legion last night adopted a resolu- tion calling on the Alaska Terri torial Legislature to enact adequate child labor legislation for the child ren of Alaska.
 The resolution will be forwarded to the Alaska Department American Legion Convention at Sitka next month for action by all Legionnaires in the Territory.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
GOLF

INDIANAPOLIS. AI.. 24-tR-- First round matches began today in the United Golf Associations Na- tional Negro Tournament. with heavyweight champion Joe Louis holding medal honors.
 Louis won the sudden death" playoff for medal yesterday with a par on the third extra hole.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
STR IKE TALK ALONG COAST .I5 SPREADING
Continued from Page One)

(Continued from Pase Onel ion nor employer spokesmen re- ported anything in the situation to prevent a strike when the Taft Hartley cooling-off period ends on September 2.
 The dispute between the union and ship owners ncolves wage, hour and working condition de- n.ands. but centers largely on the hiring hall.
 The Longshorenen want the dis patcher of gangs to be unioa man. as at present. The ship own- CTS, while approving the hiring hall idea in principle, say the dispatch CT must be an impartial or non- interested person under the Taft Hartley Act.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
AMERICAN DERBY TO
 BE RUN ON SATURDAY

CHICAGO, Aug. 24-iR-With an eight-horse field in prospect, head ed by Calumet Farms brilliant Cita- ton, the American Derby at Wash ington Park Saturday will gross $91,- 750, with a winners grab of $69,- 450.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
EIGHT LEAVE HERE
 ON PRINCESS N0RAH

The Princess Norah, skippered by Graham o. Hughes, docked in Ju- neau at 7::30 o'clock this morning and left two-and-one-hal hours later for the south taking the follow ing eight passengers from here: To Victoria: w. B. Tobey and wife.
 To Vancouver: E. Peitila, M. Bene- dict and wife.
 To Seattle: c. F. Cromwell and wife and Robert Satire.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
CG FROM KODIAK

At the Baranof from Kodiak are It. Gg) T. J. O'Brien, Andrew
 Ordog, Jr.. D. Staley, R. E. Jorgenson. Harold w. Wooley and R. H. Reid, all U. s. Coast Guard.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
SKI CLUB PICNIC

The Juneau Ski Club picnic will be held at the Evergreen Bowl tomorrow evening at o'clock. All
 skiers, would-be skiers, and others
 who want to have a good time are Invited to attend.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
G0VERN0R'S SON
 CATCHES ALBA(0RE

SANTA MONICA, calif-. Aug. 24 -tR-Earl Warren Jrl swiped head Hines today instead of his father, the California governor and Republican vice presidential nominee.
 Earl Jr., 1S, caught a 3l pound albacore while the vacationing pair were fishing yesterday. A family friend, Dan Renear, hooked a 22i2 pounder.
 Gov. Warren caught only sea breeezS and sunshine.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
ORHLBERG HERE

From New York, Gene P. Orhl- berg, Continental Can Company, is in Juneau, registered at the Baranof.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
WEATHER REPORT

 . tU. S. WEATHER BUREAU) , Temperature for 24-hour period , ending 7:30 this morning. } In Juneau-Maximum, 60; , minimum, 48 } At Airport--Maximum 60; 1. } minimum, A. , F Q R E C A $ T } (Juneau and Vicinity D Mostly fair tonight and ) Wednesday, Colder tonight } with lowest temperature near 40 degrees. } F R E CIPI A IT ON } Past 24 hours ending 7::30 a. m. today) } In Juneau .03 inches; F since August l, Al inches; since July l, ll.56 inches. At Airport .06 inches: since August 1, 2.93 inches; since July 1, TIT inches.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
WESTERN AFFIRMATION
 LEAGUE

Final scores in games played last night in the Western International League are as follows.
 Yakima II; Wenatchee 9.
 Salem 13; Spokane 6.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
HERE FROM SEATTLE

United States Rubber Company representative, I. J. Cunz, is at the Baranof Hotel from his home in Seattle.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
DIR. ROBINSON RESIGNS

Dr. E. c. Robinson, Deputy Com missioner with the Territorial De- partment of Education, has resign ed his position today. He will be principal of the elementary school at Arcadia, Calf. Robinson will leave on Saturday and Mrs. Robin son will join him later.
 Dr. Robinson received his Ph. D. from the University of Washington in June. He has been with the Department of Education for the past three years.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
WALNUT CREEK, CALIF

MT. and Mrs. E. T. Ewert from Walnut Creek, Calf, are in Juneau and are guests at the Baranof Ho- tel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24
GRANDSUr. ARRIVES CM
 MRS. McCAJL'S BIRTHDAY

Word of the birth of grandson on her birthday delighted Mrs. Thomas J. McCaul when Neil Stephen. an eight pound boy, was born to Mir. and Mrs. Royal Arch Smith in Seattle. August 20 is the birth date shar- ed by Mrs. McCaul and baby Neil Smith.
 Grandparents MT. and Mrs. Me- Caul live at Aux Bay.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24

SEWARD VISITOR George Green, from Seward, ls 2 guest at the Baranof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24

Jerry N. Waddell, visitor from Bellingham, Wash, is guest at the Baranof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24

Mrs. A. V. cannes IS in Juneau frem Gustavus and staying at the Baranof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24

HERE FROM KETCHIKAN L. A. Daniels from Ketchlkan IS staying at the Baranof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-08-24

Cecilia Oliver, E. Oliver and Eel ten Oliver, all from Hoonah, are staying at the Baranof Hotel
Kodiak mirror., 1948-10-30
Rotary Hears
 ' ak On Navy

Captain c. o. Comp was prin. cipal guest speaker at the Rotary luncheon this week. Captain Comp outlined the Navy's part iD the nations defense and dis cussed the Navy's part in World War 2. He extended an invitat. ion to all residents to attend the open house held Wednesday at NOE in observance of Navy Day.
 Other guests were Admiral A. E. Montgomery, command ant of the l7th Naval District, Captain H. E. Gillespie, senior medical officer at NOE, Harry Donnelley, Robert Aeheson, Vie tor c. Rivers, Donald Lowry, R. D. Russell, Max Folsom and M. l.. Crawford.