davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23

that next year congress, safely
through the elections, will boost fed
eral income by reimposing some
version of the wartime excess profit
tax.
In view of these unpretty but in
escapable realities, the Presidents
veto of the tax bill simply did not fit
the preconceived pattern of political
action in an election year. Rather,
it looked more like the deliberate
driving of another nail in his politi-
cal coffin.
In his veto message, Mr.. Truman
contended that increased defense
and foreign aid measures might
make it necessary for congress to
raise taxes next year.
''In the case of the income tax,"
he said, NEARLY 40 per cent of the
reduction would 60 to individuals
with net incomes in excess Of $4,000,
who constitute less than per cent
Of all taxpayers"
Also, the President continued,
while national income is high every
effort should be made to reduce the
size of the 253-billion-dollar public
debt.
He was, beyond doubt, sincere in
his objections, but they fell on deaf
ears in congress.
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23
Value of the
Little Fish

The little ones didn't get away!
That is what Secretary of the III
terror Julius A. Krug is explaining
as he spreads the mesh Of one OF
the c0-foot nets used by commercial
fishermen of the New England
coast.
Fifteen million baby haddock that
didn't get away" says Krug, who
as interior secretary is likewise re-
sponsible for keeping a government
eye on Americas fish and wildlife,
''would have been worth million
and a h-lf dollars to New England's
fishermen from March to mid-Octo-
Der of last year. They were caught
in ordinary nets, killed and dis
carded."
If the little haddOck had man.
aged to get away, they probably
would have grown up, been caught
this year and sold by the same
fishermen for a million and a half
dollars"
This was one of the things I
learned aboard the AIbatrosS III,
only floating laboratory possessed by
the United States, which goes into
service this spring. She started out
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23
APOLOGIZE:
From Russia

Even. as Russia officially ex-
pressed regret over the ''unfortu-
nate" British-Soviet plane crash over
Berlin which cost IS lives, plain
people all over the world began to
see more clearly how, although no
nation is seeking war now, a war
could start accidentally.
A pilot of Russian fighter plane
had buzzed a British plane, carrying
IA passengers, as it was landing in
Berlin. The transport crashed in
the Russian zone where the wreck
age lay for IL hours before the
bodies were permitted to be moved.
Tension in Berlin eased somewhat
when British officials accepted the
Russian apology and Cancelled plans
to assign fighter plane escorts to all
air transports coming into Berlin.
The official British account of the
crash quoted eyewitnesses as saying
that the Russian fighter pilot was
''frolicking" when he hit the big
plane.
While the fighter pilot undoubtedly
had not been ordered to harrass the
British plane, it was equally appar-
ent that he and his cohorts had not
been forbidden to do so.
Aside from the number of lives
lost, the disturbing part of the Incl
dent is that it was, in a manner Of
speaking, an aggressive action, an
overt act Of deliberate provocation.
And it is just such incidents as that
that world leaders fear might one
day touch off the conflagration.
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23

Baukhage interviews Interior
Secretary julius A. Krug aboard
the floating fish laboratory "Alba-
tross III" in Boston harbOr.
as a regular commercial trawler.
was drafted, transformed into a
member of the coast guards Atlantic
patrol, discharged and now is equip
ped to do exactly the work COM
mercial fishermen do, plus a lot
more Cby her crew of scientists)
which will help the fishermen do
better.
One of the tasks of the fish ex-
perts is to see if anything can be
figured out which will save the vast
age created by catching the fish too
young and thus preventing them
from growing up to be caught and
sold another year.
The mesh in the net in the picture
is four and half inches instead OF
the standard three-and-a-haf meas
urement. Experiments have shown
that use of the larger mesh saves 30
per cent Of the under-sized fish, and
does not reduce the size Of the
catch of the larger, marketable
fish. But the commercial fishermen
have to be shown.
One of the many tasks Of the Alba
tross III is to prove by actual demon
stration that this is true. 1t is big
job. And the department Of the in
terror has a big man at the head OF
it. The dwarf in the photograph to
whom Krug is talking (according to
figures on my White House pass pro-
vided by the secret service) is feet,
II inches tall-and I am standing on
my two feet, not kneeling.
Few Americans slipping their cot-
fee, says Mid-America Information
bureau, know that the berries from
which it is made look a good deal
like cherries. And for that matter,
few Americans, slipping their Man.
hattans, say I, know that the cher
ries in them look a good deal like
coffee berries.
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23
FOREIGN AID:
In Motion

With President Truman's sigma
ture on the $6.O98, ,0OO. 900 foreign aid
bill, the massive, potent forces Of
western capitalism moved into ac-
tion against Russian communism for
the beginning Of a titanic, long
range clash Of strength.
To observers in the us. this inter-
play of forces had all the ingredients
Of an epic poem-the power of good
striving nightly to overcome the
power of evil, with the fate of a
large segment Of mankind depend
ing on outcome of the struggle.
There was an epic quality, too, In
the manner in which congress, SEEM
ingly impelled by a strong sense of
urgency. raced the bill through for
final action. The house approved
it with a vote of 318 to IS after less
than IS minutes of explanation, and
the senate followed up swiftly with
q voice vote.
Two days after passage of the
measure President Truman meshed
the gears of the global aid program
by ordering the reconstruction fl
nance corporation to advance 1.16
billion dollars at once. That action
released us. dollars, reconstruction
supplies and in some cases arms to
Is European nations, as well as Tur-
key, western Germany. Trieste and
China.
The overall $6,O98, 600, 900 aid pack
age includes 4.3 billion dollars for
the European recovery program, 275
million dollars for military assist.
ance to Greece and Turkey, 463 mil.
lion for China and 2 million dollars
for Trieste. All of it is aimed al
areas where communists are sharp.
ening their sword Of aggression.
An ill-starred movement in the
house to include aid to Franco Spain
in the bill was defeated before il
had time to do much damage to us.
prestige and moral stature abroad.
AS the aid started to move, the
situation abroad stacked up some
thing like this:
Russia'S seizure of Czechoslovakia,
its new pact with Finland and pres
sure on Scandinavian nations, the
SovietS' arbitrary action in Berlin
all pointed to the fact that Moscow
was trying to bring about show.
down in Europe before the Euro
pean recovery plan began to work
effectively. ~
On the other hand, the rapid pas.
sage of the foreign aid measure, the
proposal to return Trieste to Italy
and the stiffening of American will
in Berlin seemed to indicate that
the US, while not forcing a show.
down, was, nevertheless, willing to
have it as soon as possible.
Few persons familiar with the
situation thought that a showdown
with Russia necessarily meant war
But it did involve acceptance Of a
risk of war. us. leaders were will.
ing to take that risk on the theory
that the likelihood Of a shooting war
is less now than it might be in the
fOreSeeable future.
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23

The worlds largest herd Of dwarf
cattle recently reac ched Chicago-five
COWS and bulls totaling less than
the weight of an average steer. Now
I know where that steak I got last
night came from.
Old songs are being revived. but
there stil are q lot Of people who
would rather hear Beautiful Ohio"
than Missouri Waltz"
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23
BARBS by Baukhage

The Australian government is anx-
ious that Australian girls who mar
ried American servicemen return
to Australia with their husbands.
Some Of the girls are anxious to re-
turn to Australia, period.
Farmers say egg prices are too
low, considering the high cost of
poultry feed. Which comes first:
The chicken, the egg or the feed?
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23
MODERN MOTORCYCLE
Cars on Road Hit Historic Fiqure

Number Of passenger cars on the
road in the us. today is at an all
time high, according to an article
In the April edition Of Business
Comment" bulletin of Northern
Trust company.
This Is true despite the fact that
no passenger cars were manufac-
tured for private use during the war,
that an estimated average Of IL
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23
HeadIiners

IN MANILA, p. I. Ariston Alma
lei, veteran of Bataan, received an
army back pay check for 49 cents,
promptly went insane and died.
IN GOSHEN, Ind. Harold Tins
ley, 9, wanted to do something for
underprivileged children overseas,
nobly turned over to the, Salvation
Army his entire hoard of bubble
gum-561 sticks.
IN ARTESIA, N. M. Conscien-
tious city fathers were trying to
figure out way to keep absent
minded citizens from mailing letters
in trash cans.
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23
was E1!s{:ll9i I{{:2352
u: S. Has Best Opportunity
To Enforce Peace in World
BY BAUKHACE
Ne,cs analyst and Commentator

Once again the high cost of savageryor prevent
ing -depending you put it. Billions to run the
government and the world and to defense
program Talk 10 cent increase the budget for next
year logical AS cnc remarked in the next per-
haps ought get the losing sde and let the vcors
support us for a change.
seecv service and universal
going time Sentiment
drafting crystauizng
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23

kind of emergency we face, and no
sacrifice would be too great to pre-
vent it. Right now proof of our will
ingness to act is most important.
Contrary to the general assump-
ton that all we need is few push
button experts and professors Of
nuclear science, any war that
might come from now on would
REQUIRE a more extensive mObiIiza-
ton of civilian as well as soldier
than anything which has preceded
it.
Meantime, there is better chance
to establish a solid and stable peace
than there ever has been. The Unit
ed States has a better opportunity
to enforce peace than any nation
ever had. We could, with compara-
lively small sacrifice, start a pre-
paredness program to prevent the
''imbalance" of power against us,
as they say in diplomatic language.
In other words we could. without
danger of actual conflict. since there
is no power NOW (not tomorrow or
next year, but NOW) strong enough
to threaten us, establish a Pax
Americana. And with the will to
peace that exists in the world today.
we could use that situation, not as
the Pax Romano or the Pax Brit
tanica was used-to create enemies
but to build an effective Pax Uni
versa.
America, in its strength could
well afford to yield sovereignty 10
an international force. A period
of tranquility, enforced if neces-
sary. is what the world needs;
time to reflect. Rome and Britain
did bring a long peace of sorts;
we can establish longer one
one long enough, perhaps, to build
q permanent one.
The principle is simple-as a col
league of mine is fond Of saying
nobody tries to pick a fight with
Joe Lewis"
Early statements were made TO
the effect that it would cost an addl-
tional 48O millions over what already
has been budgeted for universal MIL
itary training. We now spend 65O
million dollars year on cosmetics.
And the total time used in applying
them, according to my private sta
tisticians, divided into manhours Oh
military training, leaves a generous
surplus for homework.
I do not mean to treat lightly the
world situation and the idea OF a
Pax Americana is not an empty one.
It is, in fact, the only kind Of q
peace we can be sure of until we
have time to stabilize world con-
ditions, until there is a fairer di-
vision of the bread, and the Sc
curity in which to earn it and eat
it: a cessation of the fear, suffer-
ing and anxiety which make men
trade their heritage of freedom for
the empty promise Of protection
at any price.
I sympathize with the people who
oppose militarism in any form; but
I do not accept as valid syllogism:
Militarism is bad; military training
in America is militarism; therefore,
military training in America is bad.
Military training in Germany the
classic example) was the result OF
militarism, not it's cause. Military
training in America is no more re-
lated to German militarism than a
hot dog is brother to Dachshund.
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23

million passenger cars were
scrapped or put into storage yearly
during the same period. and that
postwar production has not yet ex-
ceeded the best prewar years, the
bulletin stated.
Latest available figures indicate
a total of 27.5 million passenger cars
registered in the us. on July /,
1947, the article reported.
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23

them. Probably the
most effective thing
congress c ou | d
have done was to
vote Immediately
for immediate reg
istration for every
one. The age brack-
cts and exemptions,
after all, could be
settled later. If the
emergency arises
or even approach
es-we can talk de-
tails. That is the
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23

It would seem that G.I.'s might be
fairly good material in an emer-
gency without having to learn the
general orders over again, and with
out having to reacquire precision in
bringing the right hand smartly to
the cap brim or lying down within a
reasonable period before the arrival
of a machine gun bullet.
AS to the husbands-they aren't
entirely expendable, of course-aH of
Arizona sun., 1948-04-23

Nobody seemed to be mad at
anybody when Gov. william M.
Tuck of Virginia and President
Truman met at convocation exer-
cises at william and Mary college,
Williamsburg, Va, to receive HON
Orary degrees of doctor of laws.
MIR. Truman exchanged a cordial
handshake with Governor Tuck,
vOciferOus leader Of the southern
states rebellion on the Presidents
civil rights program.
Arizona sun., 1948-12-31
Top Ten Spot News
Stories of 1o48

lAs selected by notion's weekly
editors in Publishers AUxiIiory
poi.)
President Trumon and Demo-
crotic party score upset election
victory.
Russions blockade Berlin, eous-
ing Inauguration Of oirIift, height
ening the cold war"
Count Bernodotte ossossinofed
during u. NJ. mission in Palestine.
Southern Democrats rebel TO
form stotes' rights or "Dixiecrof"
party.
War in China neors climax with
Communist troops morehing TO op-
porent victory and U. S. officials
refusing 10 gront additional aid
TO Chang Koi-shek.
High cost Of living plogves
Americans and their business with
fourth round Of wage boosts seen
in ofing.
Oksono Kosenkino leaps from
Russian consulate window in des-
perote effort TO Escape impending
return 70 Motive land, erecting in
ternotionol episode.
Mohondos Condhi ossossinoted
by Hindu extremist, ferminofing
life OF service TO India and eoUse
Of freedom.
United Nations proceedings
bring into open many Inferno
fionoI problems ond emphasize
conAicf between Eosf and West.
Eighheth congress SETS legisIo-
tive background for party posi-
fions during election compoign.
Arizona sun., 1948-12-31
}Ye r

June
sGeorge Evan Roberts. 80. director Of
10-Lewis SchWellenbach, So. secretary
OF labor since 1945.
July
RRichard Gerard Husch, Y, author of
Sweet Adeline's lyrics.
Film actress Carole Lands, %, sui.
eide in her Hollywood home
15-Gen. John J. Pershing, 81, command.
er.in.chief of the AEF in World War
/ and only man holding rank of Zen.
eral of the Armies.
2S-David Wark Griffith, 73, pioneer film
pr9%dueer. %It;er. and producer of Birth of
24-Mrs. Eleanor Medil Patterson, 63,
editor.publisher of Washington Times
August
s-May Desousa. 6e. former light opera
star.
1s-Geo; F.. shafer. SO. Rep. governor of
North Dakota. -
ls-GGssO'Ege Gs,'tgs Herman e g. SBabe) Ruth. 50. the
baseball records.
2Shaflfs ehief Justice Eyaos os i Hughes 49, former
September
CHARLES A. Beard, 7S, historian, au.
thor of more than 80 books on Amer.
lean history.
11-Mohammed Ali Jinnah, II, founder
l. OF MoSlem Pakistan.
po-Jacques Gordon. 49, violinist and con-
ductor, former child prodigy.
S0-Mrs. Edith Kermit CaroW Roosevelt,
81. widow Of President Theodore
Roosevelt.
October
3-Thomas Augustine DAILY, n, poet, hui.
morist lecturer and journalist
10-Mary Eaton, 46, former New York
musical comedy star.
Binary Nolan, AZ, film actress and
Ziegfeld Follies beauty who won
fame as Imogene (Bubbles) Wilson.
November
1Edgar Kennedy. So, Aim comedian.
one Of the original Keystone Kops,"
OF cancer. in San Fernando, Calf.
23-LeWis r. (Hack) Wilson, 48, all.time
National league home run king, (56
for Chicago In 1030). in Baltimore.
December
@Carl Lorenz Hagenbeck, 40, head Of
leading German circus family. IN
Hamburg.
Arizona sun., 1948-12-31

Wilson employees. winning innocent
hourly raise.
1O-Air force reveals that 'rocket-powered
Bell XII has been flown faster than
speed of sound.
July
S-Geo. l. Hall, of New York, elected
Grand Ruler Of BPOE in Philadel.
phia.
13-John L. Lewis and 1s steel companies
UNIV miners.
1e-President Truman orders all men be.
tween 18 and Is to register August
80 to September ID for military serv-
ice.
30-Combined navy, air force shelling.
bombing and torpedoing sinks battle.
ship Nevada in Pacific.
S1-Idlewild airport-4,9 900 acres-dedi.
Gated In New York.
August
e-First around the world flight by B.29's
is completed when two Of the bomb.
ers land at Davis. S.Monthan base, near
Tucson. Ariz.
S-Census bureau estimates U. S. popu.
at9 aton at San4 as t,on OF S1y ys40
l7-Vanport. Ore, devastated by food
May 30, Is sold for salvage for $178,-
SOL Original cost. 26 million.
September
11-Miss America of 1s4s chosen in At.
lantic City: Beatrice Vella Shopp. ID.
13-Rep. Margaret Chase (R., Me. elect.
ed to U. S. senate by a record ma.
jority.
October
5-UMW announces beginning Of q pro.
60 oil NeVVn.
bers and families tree medical and
hospital service.
hero Of World war II. is buried In
his home town, Madison. Fla.
Indianapolis holds the ALL Int.
Typo. Union In contempt.
November
4-Profs Auguste Picard and Max
CosynS abandoned plans to make
after their special bathyscaphe was
damaged off the Cape Verde islands.
6-White House was closed indefinitely
to social engagements and sightseers
until extensive repairs to the man.
sion could be completed.
12-Trial Of IL top U. S. Communist lead
ers postponed for fourth time because
of illness of William z. Foster. Com.
munist party chairman;
22EU. S. air force ends efforts to make
rain by seeding clouds with dry Ice
after nine months Of experiments
prove ineficacy of procedure.
December
7-secretary of State George Marshall
undergoes appendectomy.
13-AstronomerS at Mt. Wilson obserVa-
tory announced discovery Of new
minor planet travelling a route within
140 million miles of Earth.
22-Princess Elizabeth's son christened
Arizona sun., 1948-12-31

August
APresident Truman appoints three.
man displaced persons commission
to administrate the DIP act, under
which 200. 900 persons are to be ad.
mitted to the u. S.,
1-Congress adjourns its two-week ,ex.
ira session.
19-U. S. demands custer Of Jacob Iona.
kim, Soviet consul general In New
York.
September
2west coast ports paralyzed when C1O
Init Longshoremen's union go on
6-President Truman launches his re-
election campaign.
18-Sen. Alben w. Barley, President
Truman's running mate, begins two
week 15-speech tour of eight eastern
October
2-Population of the U. S. as of July
was estimated at 146. ia. 900 by u. S.
census bureau.
HRailroads grant 1O.cent hourly wage
increase to railway conductors and
11-Former interior secretary Harold l..
IckeS, and Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt
endorse President Truman for re-
election.
16-President Truman orders reserves
brought up to full strength.
November
2President Harry S. Truman, "a,
Democrat. astounded the political
world by defeating Gov. Thomas E.
Dewey, AZ. of New York. for re-elec-
ton. The Democrats also swept back
into control of both houses of con-
gress and won 20 out Of 80 governor
ships.
4-Rep. J. Parnell Thomas (R., N. J.)
invoked his constitutional rights and
refused to testify before a federal
grand jury on charges that he had
padded his congressional office pay.
7-President Truman arrives in Key
West. Fla. for two-week post-elec-
ton vacation
18-First major blizzard of season sweeps
through north central states. killing
13 persons.
25-Striking Longshoremen on both coasts
return to work as shipping strike ends.
December
3-Microfilm copies of secret state, war
and navy department documents
found in hollow pumpkin on Maryland
farm are introduced as evidence in
house un.American activities commit.
tees spy investigation.
1O--Whittaker Chambers, confessed for
mer Communist courier and key fig-
resigned his position as senior edi.
tor of Time mag gaZine.
A-GOP Sen. Arthur Vandenberg 10
mentioned as possible successor to
ailing George c. Marshall as secre.
tary of state.
Arizona sun., 1948-12-31

Blk f~Gl January
b EEES I'll +Dr. Robert Ernest
E EE%w IN Hume. International.
81 n N<OI ly known authority
9A- on living relations
8-Charles Nicholson,
cratic national committee is2s.4s
l5-Josephus Daniels. IS. World War J
navy secretary.
3O-Mohandas K. Gandhi, 49, spiritual
leader Of the Hindus; slain by Hindu
30--Orville Wright, 76, co-inventor of
heavier-than-air plane.
February
s-Burns Mantle, drama critic, N. Y.
Daily News editor of early collection
2s-Dr, John Robert Gregg, 80, inventor
24HWin Irwin. "a, newspaperman, novel.
iSt and playwright
2S-Robert MCGOWAN harrington Ward
81. London Times editor since 194I.
March
emily P. Bissen, 86, founder of U. s.
Christmas seal drive in 1907.
25-Adm Jose Reeves. 76, commander.
in'chief OF U. S. feet. 1934,36.
April
5-Mrs. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., 73.
REP. Orville Zimmerman, 81 Dem.
MOI, member of house since 1885
10 Manuel Acuna Roxas, 56, first presi.
dent of Philippine Republic.
28-Tom Breneman, 48. star of radios
Breakfast in Hollywood"
May
15-Msgr. Edward Joseph Flanagan, 81
founder of Boys Town.
27-Rudolph H. Wurlitzer, "a, ex-presi.
dent of the musical instrument com.
pany.
Arizona sun., 1948-12-31

January

s January
q K&I bling Crosby named
- VI top money making
ErS7lHA@ star for 9th consecu.
eflz4@AA- tive year. ,r
11-"Best Years OF Our
Lives" wins daily film poll as the
best 1947 picture.
2hCalifornia observes Tooth anniversary
of discovery of gold by Jas M Mar
- shall insColoma.
26-Gen. Omar Bradley formally nomi.
nated- by President Truman to sue
army chief of staff
H-Bolivia is put in stage of siege be-
cause of alleged revolutionary plot
February
Association of Motion Picture Di.
rectorS.
9-President urges congress to continue
for two more years the 500 million-a-
year programs of federal aid to states
for highways.
19-Army reports that World War II cost
U. S. S353. .235 900, 900 ($2, ,46O a second5
23-Pope grants ex-King Michael of Ro.
mania diSpensation to marry Danish
Princess Anne of Bourbon-Parma.
March
9--House grants $500, 900 to un-American
act1VltleS comm1ttee Dy 337-3I vote.
l0-B-29 drops a 42,000-pound non-explo.
sive bomb. largest ever made in test
at Muroc, Cal.
april
5-President Truman names Paul Gray
Hoffman, president of Studebaker
corporation, to supervise ERP
2O-Walter p Reuther, president of CIO
United Auto Workers, badly wounded
by unidentified aSSailant
24-CommiSSion of the Churches of In
ternational Affairs Is established in
New York City
May
3-Columbia breaks off diplomatic reIa-
tions with Russia
S-Gov Dewey of New York stumps
Oregon.
18-President Truman invokes Taft-Hart.
ley law to avert long-distance tele-
phone strike.
28-Chrysler ends its 17-day strike
Grants 13c hourly raise.
June
Ex-senator Taft of Ohio tours North
Carolina In election campaign.
S-C.I.O. PackinghOuse Workers in Chi.
cago ends its 82-day strike of 5000