davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget., 1948-12-24
CHRISTMAS CUSTOMS OLD CAROLS

Not a few of our carols have been traced to the mystery of plays of the 18th and 18th centur- ies. In those primitive times, the church, in order to entertain the people, indulged in extraordinary representations of the events assO- ciated with the birth of Christ.
 St Francis of Assist is accred- tied as having been the popular izer of carol singing at Christmas time. He taught the faithful simple and tuneful melodies, and over joyed by the success attending his presentation of the first Christmas Crib in 1923, he burst into joyous vocal recitation of the gospel story
The Nome nugget., 1948-12-24
Civil Service O.K.'s Pay Differential

'(4') Special Washington Service)
 WASHINGTON, (P)-The civil service commission has approved continuation of a 25 per cent sal ary differential to all federal em- ployeeS in Alaska whose basic pay is fixed by statute, Delegate Bart lett oi Alaska said today.
 This group, Bartlett said, in- c.udes most of the federal em- in the Territory except those working for the Alaska Railroad. Heretofore, some departme n s have paid the differential, and others have not.
 Bartlett said the action was taken after the commission com pleted its study of the situation as ordered by President Truman last summer. The study was provided for under a law enacted by the last Congress.
 Bartlett and Governor Gruening of Alaska appeared before the commission to support continual ton of the extra pay
The Nome nugget., 1948-12-24
CROP Food
 Starts Moving

. DAYTON, R)-Christmas food trains loaded with farm produce from 13 states for the hungry overseas started rolling last night.
 The food collected through Christian Rural Overseas Pro- gram (CROP), were loaded in Col orado, Indiana Iowa, Kansas, Ne braska, Minnesota, Missouri, Mon tana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Ohio, Washington and Wyoming.
 Eleven other states also are as Sembling Christmas food gifts for the needy of 43 foreign countries. These trains will leave later in the week.
 CROP officials say total dona- tionS from all 24 states will ap,
The Nome nugget., 1948-12-24
Amsterdam Dutch Brought Santa
 Across With Them

The American version or Sdntd Claus was found chiefly in New York until a paper in that city published the poem we know as Twas the Night Before Christ mas," then it spread rapidly over the whole country and now every community has similar legend.
 It all began about 300 years ago. When the Dutch boys and girls first came to America in the early l7th century, and settled in New Amsterdam, they brought Sinter Klaas with them, and Sinter Klaas Eve was still their most important day. After time, the English took Amsterdam from the Dutch and named it New York.
 Many years before this, the Eng fish had had a Saint Nicholas cele- bration. In the English celebra- ton, the choir boys elected boy bishop and for a week boys went around the town begging gifts, but these festivities had been stopped by royal decree. When the English took over New York, the Dutch boys and girls kept right on cele- brating Sinter Klaas day in spite of the English laws. Later Norwe- gian and Belgian children who set tied in and near New York, also celebrated the day in similar manner. It wasn't long before English boys and girls wanted to receive gifts. Since they already were celebrating Christ's birthday on Dec. 25, they chose that day as the one on which to exchange gifts. The English children called Sinter Klaas Santa Claus.
 AS more and more people of diff ferent nationalities came to Amer ica, each added its bit to the cele- bration of Santa Claus Day. From the Norwegians came the reindeer, the Italians gave us the custom of hanging up our stockings and so on. The regal figure of Sinter Klaas slowly changed to the fat, jolly Santa Claus of today.
 Have you ever stopped to think why St. Nicholas drives eight rein deer instead of one? You haven't? We'll, let's pause for a moment and figure it out.
 St. Nicholas is mythical char acter, he rides in a mythical sleigh, carries mythical bag, and drives mythical reindeer. The creators of St. Nicholas knew that one rein deer would do the job, but in or der to make the character more and longer remember ed, they hitched a matched unit of eipht to the S1eiph
The Nome nugget., 1948-12-24
MEDIEVAL CHRISTMAS CUSTOMS

In the Middle Ages, when the use of Latin declined slightly, the ruS,ics linked their folk songs to the church hymns of the Nativity The villagers mid-Winter revels became entangled with the serv- ices of thanksgiving for the birth of he Saviour. The Yule log, the. holly, and the ivy-once heathen syrnbols-shared with the Babe in the manager the celebration of the sacred season.
 One early bishop of the Church of England spoke of the Angels song on the morning of the nativity.
The Nome nugget., 1948-12-24
ANIMALS WARMED HOLY INFANT IN BETHLEHEM

Many legends attribute the legend of speech to birds and ami mals during the midnight hour of Christmas Eve in recognition of the beasts who, sharing the stable of Bethlehem, warmed the Holy infant with their breath.
 To honor these traditions, Polish children masquerade in animal costumes on Christmas Eve.
The Nome nugget., 1948-12-24

proximate 22OO carloads of food stuffs. All were supposed 10 leave for overseas Christmas Day.
 The major reason for the ship ping delay-and it doesn't make CROP sponsors unhappy-is that contributions have been so far above expectations, CROP facili- ties haven't been able to handle them smoothly
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29

Take two sentences of the Bible,
place them together, and you have
the chief message of the Christian
faith.
Thev are the words of the Apostle
Paul: "Ye were dead in trespasses
and sins" and the words of Christ:
Il am come that they might have
life"
The Bible is clear in its insistence
that all men by nature are spirit
ually dead Unless brought to faith
by divine grace, they are unable to
turn a finger toward their spiritual
resurrection.
But the Bible is equally clear in
insisting that spiritually dead men
become alive through Christ. For
Christ came from heaven to "give
life unto the world"
''He that hath the Son hath life"
the Apostle John assures us. lie
who repents of his sins and comes
to God through faith in Christ, has
stepped from death to life. Is this
knowledge YOURS, and does it in
huence YOUR life? This is LIES
greatest necessity to which our
Christian ministry is dedicated
ST. JOHN LUTHERAN CHURCH
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29
LUBRICATTON

The purpose of fabrication is to
reduce friction and wear, decrease
noise and carry away heat. The
most important surfaces of the en-
CINE to be fabricated are the fric-
tional surfaces of the pistons, cylin-
der walls, main and camshaft bear
ings, connecting rod bearings, wrist
pins, timing, gears or chains and the
valve mechanism. The fabrication
of each part is provided for either
by delivering the oil through tubes
or passages directly to the part TO
be fabricated, or by depending On
lubricant splashed by, o. thrown
off from, rotating parts. The com
monty used lubricants are fluid OILS,
semi-fluid oils and semi-sollds, such
as greases.
In modern high pressure systems
and high speed engines it is most
important that the moving parts re-
ceive an adequate supply of oil or
they will wear excessively and
cause vibration or they will over
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29
WOMEN OF MOOSE
HOLD MEETING

Libby Chapter sos, Women of the
Moose, held their regular meeting
Thursday, July 49, with eleven
members present. Co-worker Mable
johnson offered to act as sick ma
tron for the next quarter. Co.
worker Bitterman was reported i'm
proving. Co-worker Hazel Brown
is in disqualification in Spokane.
Co workers Muriel Thompson and
Agnes Brennan were elected dele
gates to the Moose convention at
Lewistown July 20 through 81.
Plans were made to have a float
and booth at the Labor Day Fair.
A delicious lunch was served by
co-workers Lee Risley and Angel
inc Reedy.
The next meeting will be August
IS. All members are requested to
be present. Convention reports
will be given and plans for the
Moose picnic made. We want a
bigger and better picnic this year
Publicity COMMITTEES
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29

District No IS and that said petition
IS in ali respects sufficient, and it
further appearing that, thereupon.
the county superintendent presented
said petition tc the Board of Trus-
tees of School District No. Is and
i, further appearing that the Trus-
toes of School District No l3, at a
regular meeting of sold board on
the 28th day of June I94S approved
e si annexation, and 1t further APP
nearing that no petition has been
filed Seeking an election on such
issue in either of SAID school DIS
II icts. and that not less than ~
davs nor more than 80 days have
rassed since said approving vote,
Now, therefore, I, W. J, Anderson
as County Superintendent, do here.
bv authorize the annexation of
School District No 9 to School Dis
tr:ct No. 10 in Lincoln County, Mon
tana. and such annexation is here
by made.
Dated at Libby, Montana, July
%, 1948.
w. J. ANDERSON
County Superintendent OF
Schools II
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29
TOURING NORWAY

Word has just been received here
that Odin Rolseth, who is with the
U. S. Civilian Administration in
Europe, has been visiting in Nor
way during recent weeks.
After spending some time near
Trondhiem in the rural community
of Selbu, where his parents, Mr.
and Mrs. Ole Rolseth, were born
and raised, he continued his travels
by tourist ship to more northerly
ATTITUDES for the purpose of view
ing that most unique of all tourist
attractions in that country, the mid
night sun.
Odin's present station is Ant
werp. Belgium, where he resumes
his duties on the 1st of August.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29

foundation construction for its pro-
posed annex, to be located on 9th
Street, directly behind the present
structure. It will include a full
basement, "a X So feet, and the fur
mace room. Plans may be seen by
arrangement with Rev. VIM. e.
Stearns, $40 Montana Ave, tele--
phone i67-W. Bids will be opened
at the August meeting of the Board,
on Monday, August 23rd, at 300 p,
IN. The Board reserves the right
to reject any and all bids.
ct July 90 August 81
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29
AUXILIARY VOTES
NEW MEMBERS IN

Mrs Earl Zingleman and Mrs.
George Calkins were voted to be-
come members of the V. F. w. Aux
iliary at the last regular meeting.
A weiner roast is planned for the
next regular meeting to be held
Wednesday, August AIRS. Ruth
Baenen, reporter.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29
Pormenter VoIIey

Beautiful Glenwood of the Streams
Due to the busy season, a small
crowd attended the Libby Garden
Club picnic Tuesday afternoon Sew
eral interesting reports were given
at this time. The next meeting W II
be at the E. M. Slauson ranch. Mrs
Kama Rice was reported i'll in the
Kalispell hospital, but getting along
as well as could be expected:
A large crowd attend the Union
picnic Sunday A varied and IN
teresting program was planned by
the committees and all went on on
schedule despite several heavy
showers. There were ample refresh
ments for everybody, and all report
a wonderful time.
Mrs. James A. WEIGH was a llJi-
ness caller in Libby.
Mrs. James TT. Shanholtzer was
stung by a yellow jacket" We'd
nesday evening while picking raSp-
berries, which later resulted in
blood poisoning but is much i'm
proved at this writing under the
care of DR.. Anderson.
Mrs. George Rouse Sr. is enjoying
4 visit from her daughter, Marbeth
and small son of St. Maries, Ida.
Mrs. Erickson is spending some
time with her sister, Mrs. Paul
Evans. Mrs. Erickson came from
her home at Williston, N. D., a
couple of weeks ago.
Friends received word from Mrs.
H. B. Wallace that she is enjoying
her visit in Stockton, Calf, and
that Stockton is much cooler than
San Francisco.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Fuller recently
returned from a visit with their
daughter Marion at Salt Lake City.
While there, they visited friends at
Ogden and other points.
Mrs. Paul Evans was brief caller
at Shareholders Monday morning.
Helen Senter and small son Ed
ward and Mrs. Shanholtzer called
on Miss Elsie Elias Wednesday even
ing. Miss Elias is renting the Buck
ingham cottage recently vacated by
Mr. and Mrs. Bud Cain.
Earl Buckingham left last week
for a months visit at Roseburg, Ore.
He drove over, taking load of fur
niture with him.
The next meeting of the Libby
Farm Woman's Club will be on Aug.
4th at the home of Pearl Fuller with
Sally COPYRIGHT as co-hostess.
Are you planning your exhibits
for the Labor Day Fair? Remember
your exhibit and support are needed
to make a good community fair.
heat and anneal causing the engine
4
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29
ORDER ANNEXING SCHOOL
DISTRICT NO. 8 TO SCHOOL
DISTRICT NO. Is

This matter coming regularly to
be heard before w. J. Anderson,
County Superintendent of Schools Of
Lincoln County, State of Montana,
and it appearing that the Board of
Trustees Of School District No. on
the Both day of May 1913 duly pre-
scented a petition to the said county
superintendent asking that School
District No g be annexed to School
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29
Is There Ever
justification For
Law VioIotors
Rv Charles d. ROWe

There are some of our people who
are concerned over certain phases
of the investigations being made IN
to 'un-American activities" They
are loyal citizens and most assured
" have no sympathy with COM
munism. Nevertheless these good
people are wondering if we are not
treading on rather dangerous
ground when we attempt to force
anyone to tell whether or not he
or she is a communist. They are
questioning in their minds whether
that is not a violation of one of our
most highly priced hberties-tree..
dom of speech, of conscience, Of
thought.
At first thought it might appear
there is an invasion of that right
of the citizen. But a more careful
examination of the conditions facing
the nation today should allay any
such fears.
First, one should realize that it
has been demonstrated beyond
doubt that the unquestioned aim
of communism, as directed from
Moscow. is world revolution, the
overthrow
tons and forcing upon them COM
pliance with Russian dictation. This
has been doubly proven by Russia's
overthrow of several of her neigh
boring governments since the war.
1t has been amply demonstrated that
communists within the United States
are simply enemy agents working
under orders from Moscow for the
eventual overthrow of this nation.
1t is therefore an absurdity to
argue that our high regard for one
of our liberties should be used as
a cloak to protect those who would
destroy this nation and all its liber-
ties, and protect them while they
are carrying on that nefarious work.
Freedom of speech, of conscience,
of thought, was never intended to
be used as a tool against us.
A somewhat parallel case came
up during the Civil War The issue
was different but the argument adj
vanced by Lincoln in support of an
apparent violation Of the Consti-
tuition is fully applicable today.
Lincoln had caused the arrest of
certain prominent men residing in
border states on the charge of trea-
son. Attorneys for the arrested men
demanded their release under the
right of habeas corpus. They ar
gued their case in the supreme court
of the United States, and Chief JUS
tice fancy issued an order demand
ing their release. He held that even
the president of the United States
had no right to violate the Consti-
tuition. Lincoln instructed the officer
holding the men-General Craw-
ford-to disregard the order of the
Chief Justice and to continue to hold
the men. Lincoln then went before
the country with a message in sup
port of his action. He argued that
the seeding States were violating
all laws of the Constitution, and
among other things said:
''To state the question more di-
rectly, are all the, laws but one
to 60 unexecuted and the Govern
ment itself 60 to pieces, lest that
one be violated?
Even in such a case I should con-
slider my official oath broken, if l
should allow the Government to be
overthrown, when I might think dis
regarding the single law would tend
to preserve it.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29
N o T G e

The Official Board of the Libby
Methodist Church will receive sealed
bids for Cd excavation, and ~
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29

Thus it is clearly evident that
Lincoln thought it his duty-for the
safety of the nation-to disregard
or deny one right in order that all
rights might eventually be pre-
served.
Lincoln's reasoning is especially
applicable to the present dispute.
Today the nation is faced by a
critical danger. There are enemies
within our borders whose mode of
operation is a secret boring within
our vital defenses and our national
life. Should we then permit them
to go undisclosed, to our ultimate
destruction, because of our high
regard for one of our laws? Lincoln
faced the same problem in a differ
ent issue. His decision was to dis
regard one law in order to make
more sure the preservation of all our
liberties. That is the logical answer
to the question that confronts us
today.
And what should be think of our
state institutions whose faculties are
honeycombed with communists?
Traitorous communists who slyly
work upon the impressionable young
men and women who go there to be
educated in true Americanism and
who mislead them into error and
wrong and into the folds of an
atheistic and tryannical commu-
nism? Isn't it time that the loyal
citizens of this nation arise in a
mighty and just wrath and demand
that our colleges and universities
clean out the enemy agents in their
faculties? Academic freedom cannot
be pleaded as an excuse for the
spreading of traitorous doctrine. It
is the act of a weakling to submit
to the plea of academic freedom
under such conditions, and liberties
are not preserved by weaklings.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1948-07-29

heat and anneal causing the engine
to seize. Oil is the life line of your
car so use the best and check it
often.-CLACK'S SERVICE, L. J.
Brown, Prop. (Pd. Adv.)
Milford chronicle., 1948-11-12
Busted with Wife,
Trucker Tells Pals
Asks Their Help In DIspooIng
o. Woman'8 Body.

PITTSBURGH, = His companions
laughed when Robert Herman, 90,
asked them to help him ''get rid Of
the body Of my old woman
Then he showed them the body
and went to the police station with
them.
Herman asked two fellow truck
drivers to come up to his apart
ment.
Busted up with my wife" he ex-
planned.
on the way, Herman asked his
friends, Bin Bishop, IS, and Steve
Schumacher. a.:
WHAT can a guy get for killing
his old woman?"
Plenty" they replied, laughing.
"Okay," said Herman, when we
get there you can help me get rid
Of the body"
His friends laughed.
Hes q great kidder," 4" said one.
The three sat in the kitchen
drinking beer for about 20 minutes
when Herman led them to the bed
room.
The body Of his wife, Frances, 20,
was sprawled across the bed.
How did you do it?'' Bishop
asked.
Herman put his hands together
and went "SklErrk. -
At the police station, he said he
had strangled his wife during an
argument.
Milford chronicle., 1948-11-12

Mr.. and Mrs. Granville Shockley
and son, Lionel and Richard, Mr..
and Mrs. Thomas Collett and daugh-
ter June, enjoyed a very nice motor
trip on Sunday to Washington, D. C.,
and Mount Vernon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas Mills. Sr..
visited Mr.. and Mrs. Delbert Mills
and family on Monday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Hall are the
proud parents of a fine son born on
Saturday, November 9Th. He has
been named John Willis. Mrs. Hall
Will be remembered as Miss Phyllis
Bennett. - = -
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas Mills. Jr..
and son, Tommy, spent Sunday in
Milford Neck with relatives.
A surprise birthday dinner was
given In honor of Mr.. and Mrs. F. w.
Reed OF Milford at the home of Mr.
and Mrs. N. c. Collins. RECENTLY
with the following guests present
Mr. ana Mrs. John Reed, Miss Vera
ROdman, Miss Marjorie Reed ana
Harry Reed, Jr., of Mt. Ephraim.
~ j., Mr.. and Mrs. H. E. Reed of
Newport, Del, Mr.. and Mrs. Roy e.
Reed of Lincoln, Mr.. and Mrs. Geo.
f. Collins of Milford. A very eniOv-
aDIe day was had by all. The guests
wished Mr.. and Mrs. Reed manv
more happy birthdays.
Milford chronicle., 1948-11-12
Male Tax Instead Of Poll
Tax

LOUISVILLE, Colo. - (P) - AL
though Colorado has no poll tax,
male citizens in Louisville, a north
ern Colorado town of 2,7OO, have to
pony up SO tax every year. Either
that or do four hours work for the
city at rs cents per hour.
The tax has been in effect since
1882 and catches every male be-
tween 21 and go except war veterans
and city firemen. Its very handy
when it comes time to clean out the
curbs and cutters in the spring" Il"
said John A. DiOnigini, city clerk
and recorder. "Of course, some
people mistake it for a regular poll
tax and think it applies to voting. IS
But it doesn't. If you're a Louisville
male, you pay it whether you want
to vote or not
Milford chronicle., 1948-11-12
Radio Isotopes Now
Used in Virus Tests
Promises Successful Attacks
o. Many Human Diseases.

NEW HAVEN, CONN. - New
research, including use Of radio
isotopes, promising successful at
taczs on many human diseases and
solving some basic mysteries Of
life, was reported by DR.. Wendell
NJ. Stanley Of Rockefeller institute.
This research is a study Of
viruses, tiny chemical agents that
cause infantile paralysis, influenza,
common colds and other diseases,
he told the Tooth anniversary cele.
bration Of Yale university's Shelf
field Scientific school, this nations
Oldest university school Of science.
DR.. Stanley. Nobel prize winner
and pioneer in virus research, said
more than 300 different viruses
capable Of causing diseases in man,
animals and plants had been dis
covered. Viruses can breathe, eat
and reproduce themselves when
they enter certain cells Of their
host.
But It is not yet known what
chemical structure is necessary
Tor the virus activity, how vi
ruses reproduce or how certain
changes can occur that sometimes
make their pogeny different from
the parent. The same kind Of
changes occur in genes, the master
molecules that determine inherited
characteristics. In some respects
viruses are strikingly similar to the
genes.
New experiments with radio
active or tagged atoms may
help show how viruses reproduce,
he said.
Other tests, he continued, indi-
cate that it may be possible to
change the chemical structure Of
the viruses by known chemical
means, and that the viruses then
would produce young viruses hav-
ing these same alterations.
This would open the way mot
only to production Of new virus
strains, some Of which might prove
useful as vaccines, but also to a
direct study Of the exact chemical
structure necessary for virus activ-
ity."
Such work also might supply
clues to how genes act in humans,
and how inheritance could be infu.
enced.
Milford chronicle., 1948-11-12
Aged Eel Near Death

STOCKHOLM-R- IS
year-Old eel in the museum Of Hal
singbOrg, Sweden-claimed to be the
oldest aquarium fish in the world
is falling rapidly. Caught by two
boys in a creek outside the south
Swedish city in 1863, the eel, named
Putte ('Ducky" in English, "Puepp-
chen" in GERMANY has Outlived his
captors. About a year ago Putte de-
veloped a tumOr and is now getting
weaker and weaker. Experts on
fishes diseases have not been able
to help him.