davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-07-29
Nine farben Directors
Convicted Of Lootinq
Conquered Industries
All "a Defendants Found
Not Guilty Of Woeine
Aggressive Warfare
By the Associated Press

NUREMBERG, Germany, July
29.-Nine directors of the giant
I. G.. Farben chemical trust were
convicted today of looting indus.
tries in countries subjugated by
Hitler's armies.
The judgment, by an American
military tribunal, acquitted all 2.
leaders OF Farben on charges o
plotting and waging aggressive war
The court said the blame for thi
clearly lay with the politicians ant
militarists of the Third Reich.
The opinion. delivered after al
11-month trial, dealt with f1v'
counts against Farben's board o
directors. The court said evidenc,
failed to support the prosecutions
on two CT the counts, dealing will
aggressive war.
A third count, spoilation and plum
der of occupied countries, was ampl,
proved, the judgment said, agains
Directors Hermann SchmitZ, >Geor,
Won Schnitzler. Fritz Ter Nicer
Ernst Buergin, Paul Harfliger. Ma,
Ilgner, Friedrich Paehne, Heinrich
Oster and Hans Kuggler.
Verdict on Counts Tomorrow.
The court will deal tomorrow with
the remaining two counts-involv.
ing crimes against humanity Sen.
lences will be imposed tomorrow
afternoon.
The plunder charge dealt with
Farben's activities in France, Nor.
way, Poland and Russia Here. the
court found, Farben officials pre-.
ceded the army and laid plans be.
| fore the war to take over and oper-
ate various industries.
Such planning and carrying out
of such plans, the tribunal ruled
constituted a war crime"
There can be no doubt that tht
occupied territories were system
atically plundered. the opinion
said. "Farben made far-reachint
plans to participate in this plundel
and spoilation."
The strongest language was re-
served for Won Schnitzler, the chief
of all sales divisions. The Judgment
said:
HE was the leading figure re-
sponsible for a Farben's general
policy designed to achieve domina-
ton of the dyestuffs and chemical
industries of Europe"
Defendants Stern-Faced.
The Farben, directors, most OF
them now craving and in theil
sixties, sat stern-faced while the
court read the Judgment.
The judgment was handed dowr
by Presiding Judge Curtis G. Shake
of Vincennes, Ind.
In acquitting the Farben board ol
aggressive war charges the court
noted that Field Marshal Gen. Viii.
helm Keitel, chief of . Germany
high command. went 50 far as tt
object that Karl Grauch, chairman
of Farben, had more knowledg'
than was absolutely necessary abou
war plans.
Keitel was hanged as a war crimi
nal. If Krauch was kept in tn,
See WAR CRIMES, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1948-07-29
By the Assooioted Press

OLYMPIC STADIUM, Wem-
bley. England, July 29.-The
Olympic Games-biggest in his
tory-were revived today after a
l2-year lapse caused by World
War II.
A blistering sun frightened the
solemn rites that reached a climax
when King George vi said slowly:
Il proclaim open the Olympic
Games of London celebrating the
14th Olympiad of the modern era
AS trumpets blared. 1000 pigeons
Olympic symbols of peace-flew
upward, casting a variegated shadow
over nearly 5000 athletes massed on
the emerald green turf.
The royal salute of 81 guns
roared out, reverberating between
the walls of the low stadium. con-
Evening star., 1948-07-29
National Capital Parks
Workers Held Eligible
For Federal Pay Raise
Controller Generals Ruling
Affecting l64 Will Cost
District $54,120

The Controller General has
ruled that a third Federal
agency, the National Capital
Parks, are eligible for the $3.50
annual Federal pay increases,
the money to be drawn from
District funds, it was reported at
the District Building today.
The increase affects 164 Parks
employees, and will cost the District
S54, 100 for the fiscal year l949. ac-
cording to the District Budget Office.
The Controller Generals deci-
sion was expected to be issued off,
cially this afternoon.
The increase brings to $102 800 the
cost of pay raises authorized thus
far for Federal agencies paid from
District funds and heightens the
disparity between efforts to give the
Federal pay raises to District EN-.
ployes and efforts to prevent a
mounting District deficit.
Ruling Anticipated.
Earlier this month the Controller
General authorized the increase for
1874 employees of the National 70
illogical Park, and Is National Cap
ital Park and Planning Commission
workers.
The District had anticipated the
ruling on the National Capital
Parks, according to Assistant Bud
get Officer D. A. Herman, in COM
putting its liability for pay increases
thus far.
Budget Officer Walter Fowler
warned that any further pay in
creases authorized for Federal en-
ployes out of District funds would
unbalance Washington's budget for
the fiscal year 1949
While the District can meet the
present three-agency pay raises. Mr.
Fowler said, the Commissioners
would have to clamp down or
appointment of new employees to fill
vacant jobs if any further agencies
are granted the pay increase.
SSfO,fOV huultlUudI EApChSC
The S102,960 cost of the pay
raises, plus $547,500 in pay increases
for st. Elizabeths Hospital employees
and $4,000 for payment of in
creased costs at United States courts
here, amount to a total additional
expense to the District of STAB, 3,460
the budget officer pointed out.
This expense, coupled with the
fact that the District underesti-
mated the cost of maintaining St
Elizabeths by S435, 900 for this fisca
year, plus a 100000 reserve fund
which must be maintained, creates
a $1,000, 900 paper" deficit for fiscal
l949, Mr.. Fowler declared.
This paper deficit, Mr.. Fowler
said, is reduced to sl,600,000 by ap-
plication of small surplus fund the
District has available.
Thus $l.600,000 paper" deficit
can be Cancelled out by using uI
81 500 900 the District has on hanc
in its capital outlay fund. The ST.
(See FISCAL, Page A-4D
Evening star., 1948-07-29
Raj Group Coming Here

LONDON, July 20 (P,.-The Brit
ish Air Ministry announced today
that Royal Air Force liaison team
win leave August for q months
tour of the United States and Can.
ada to discuss naWgational prob-
lens Of high speed. high altitude
bombers.
Evening star., 1948-07-29

JAWES T.. WATSON.
never missed one In the interven-
ing time.
Mr.. Watson was swept out of Of
flee in the Democratic landslide OF
1892.
Since then he has practieed law
(See WATSON, Page A-41
Evening star., 1948-07-29

Argentine Crash Kills IS
BUENOSl AIRES t4o.-Ma1i-
time police SAID IL persons
were killed TO-DAY and four
were injured In the crash Of =
flying boat.
Evening star., 1948-07-29
Bulletin

See PATTERSON. Page /
Evening star., 1948-07-29

(See BERLIN. Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1948-07-29

tSee SHIPPEN, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1948-07-29
Guide for Readers

An Associated Press NewspoI
Evening star., 1948-07-29

See BEVIN, Page A-5.1
Evening star., 1948-07-29

1See INTIMIDATION, Page A-4.
Evening star., 1948-11-08
Republicans TO Select
Candidate for Council
Under New Charter
By ]. ". Homer

An agreement is expected tonight
on the choice of at least one Re-
publican candidate for Montgomery
County's new member council.
Delegate Anders r Lofstrand, jr.,
Silver Spring and Rockville manu-
facturer, indicated this candidate
would come from Montgomery's all
Republican delegation to the Mary
land General Assembly. MFR. Lof-
strand, a member of the House of
Delegates, Is chairman of the group.
The council nomination is due at
routine meeting of the delegation
one day after the Republican State
Central Committee decided to iYl-
dorse a party slate for the coun-
Gil election in January.
Dawson Announces Decision.
County Republican Chairman Wal
ter W. Dawson of Rockville an
nounced that the committee de-
cided yesterday to indorse a group
of candidates after consultations
among party leaders.
The Republican action virtually
assures another warm political
campaign for Montgomery over the
next two months. The Democratic
State Central Committee will meet
this week to consider council nom
nations, and the bipartisan Char
ter Committee proposes to indorse a
slate of seven persons.
| Some of the Charter Committee
candidates may come from the lists
of the two major parties, however.
Party Leaders Divided.
=, Mr.. Lofstrand disclosed that "a
great many" names were discussed
by the , Republican committee
yesterday but the party was not yet
prepared to make any public.
Neither Republican nor Demo-
cratic party organizations took a
stand in last weeks election which
adopted a charter form of govern
ment, providing a council and
county manager in place of the
present commissioner system.
The political leaders, acting in
dividually, were split over the pro-
posal but many in both parties were
active against the change.
All but one member of the
Republican legislative delegation
supported it, however. The opponent
was Delegate John sR. Reeves.
In a statement issued after the
State Central Committee meeting
yesterday, Chairman Dawson as
serted the charter movement was
started "for the purpose of eliminat-
ing a political boss and self-per-
petuating political machine" He did
not name the boss" but the state
ment was interpreted as a reference
to E. Brooke Lee, the retired" di-
rector of Democratic forces in Mont
gomery.
Points to Administration.
Speaking for the Republicans, Mr..
Dawson said that in 1916 the Demo-
cratic Party fought the charter
movement but the Republican Party
believed the people of Montgomery
County were entitled to choose their
own form of government"
Since the election of a Repub-
lican administration in 1946," he
said, they have proved that good
Government is possible without
subsection to any political boss.
The voters have spoken. Al
though our county committee will
not have an opportunity to carry
out the constructive program which
they have started, we will cooper
ate to see that the mandate Of the
people is carried out"
Members of the Republican
County Committee who attended
yesterdays meeting, besides Mr..
Dawson and Mr.. Lofstrand, were
Leslie G. Aries, George Warner, jr.;;
Ted Ray, Adolph Guide and Mrs.
Leona Rush.
Evening star., 1948-11-08
Identity Sought for Youth
Found ProwIing al GaIIingeI

Police today were seeking the
identity of youth, about IS. who
has refused to give his name OF
address since he was. picked up
Saturday night while wandering in
the psychopathic division of Gal
linger Hospital.
A nurse called police when she
saw the youth prowling about the
premises. He was not a patient
hospital authorities said. He was
admitted, however, after his refusal
to talk. Hospital officials said he
was not an amnesia case.
The youth was said to be 5 feet,
9 inches tall and about 145 pounds
In weight. He was wearing a blue
shirt and trousers and a gray coat
and cap.
Evening star., 1948-11-08
Conory Clubs Will Hold
Bird Show Here Fridoy

The National Capital Canary
Club will hold their annual bird
show Friday through Sunday at the
Odd Fellows Temple. 419 Seventh
street NV. Birds from all parts
of the United States and possibly
from South America, Canada and
Cuba will be in the show.
Trophies and other prizes will be
awarded at p.m.> Sunday, with
Art Brown, radio entertainer, act
ing as master of ceremonies.
Evening star., 1948-11-08
ADVERTISEMENT
hO
Tired kidneys
Often Bring
S.9eepIess Nights

Doctors say your kidneys contain Is miles
OF tiny tubes or filters which help to purify the
blood and keep you healthy. When they get
tired and don't work right in the daytime
many people have to get UP NIGHTS. Don't
neglect this condition and lose valuable. rest
fl sleep.
When disorder of kidney function permits
may also cause nagging backache, rheumatic
pains, leg pains, loss of pep and energy,
swelling, puffiness under the eyes, headaches
and dizziness.
Don't waitl Ask your druggist for Doan's
Pills, stimuiant diuretic, used successfully
by millions for over 80 years. Deans give
hspwy relief and will help tbs is miles OF
. kidney tribes flush out poisonous waste fFcEs
&Ssr blood. Get Doan'e Pills.
Evening star., 1948-11-08
IN THE AIR

The men behind the controls ere
veterans Of billions Of miles Of "Tried
and Proven" air transportation.
Evening star., 1948-05-22

blanca are trying to. get enough
timber to house the machinery they
are importing from France. These
new assembly lines will can fish
and make soap, beverages and can
dies. Last year about 1,500 new
industrial and manufacturing firms
set up shop, as well as about 5000
new commercial or trading concerns
Another reason why French oper-
ators are discovering" Morocco
is the fact that their francs are
walled off by the dollar barrier. In
most parts of the world, the only
thing anybody wants is dollars.
And. since Morocco is in the franc
setup, it makes a fine outlet for
dusty currency.
Still another cause of the flight
of francs in this direction is Russia.
Even should the Reds knock France
down and sit on its chest, French
Morocco would not necessarily &C
cept the verdict. 1t can be as
sumed that in such event the Unit
ed States would extend its benevo-
lent blessing if Morocco broke loose
from the French, who have been
protecting" around here since 1912.
Evening star., 1948-05-22
French Capital FIees
To Booming Morocco
Where Labor Cheap
By Fred Sporks
Foreign Correspondent Of The Stor ond
the Chicago Dolly News

the Chieo0o Dolly News
CASABLANCA, Morocco, May q
Booming Casablanca - counting
house of all Morocco-is buster than
one armed paper hanger these
days.
Paris money y-men-nervous about
investing in tired Europe-are ship
ping billions of francs across the
Mediterranean into this French
protectorate. While Europeans
groan about mounting prices, al
most everybody here is sharing in
the looming boom-most Arabs,
French civil servants and others
with fixed incomes excepted.
OF Casablanca 100000 popula-
ton, 20 per cent are mostly French
men, Moroccan Jews, Britons, Sy-
rians and an occasional Yank. And
they are all scrambling for ma
terials for new homes along the
sprawling palm-treed boulevards.
Shops Bring High Prices.
They also are bidding wildly Tor
places to set up shop. Buildings
finished before the war have rents
frozen and the tenant cannot be
forced out. He can, however, sell
his lease. One businessman told
me he bought the key" to his shop
a year ago for $500 francs (about
240 to the dollar). Today he could
get over a million, he said.
Despite what you might think,
Morocco is not all sandstorms and
swaying camels. There are count
less lush acres of spawning crops
and a fantastic amount of untapped
minerals, including phosphate, coal,
cement and iron.
Furthermore, 80 per cent OF the
100000 inhabitants of French
Morocco live from hand to mouth,
a primitive, exploited, illiterate
mass. Only q few of the more
quick -witted-plus friends and rel
atives of the Sultan-nfanage Euro
pean living standards. They make
the neatest unskilled labor pool
that ever sent a profit-graft soar
ing. You can hire an able-bodied
man for 40 cents day.
Manufacturing Booming.
This native labor pool is a basic
reason, in fact, why many manu-
featuring outfits around Casa
Evening star., 1948-05-22
Drought in Britain
lis One Of Worst in
Century, Experts Say
By the Associated Press

LONDON, May 22.-British wealth.
er, which has perplexed every visi-
tor, has even the experts puzzled
now.
They're puzzled by a drought
which has gripped these islands
since June last year. The experts
said it is the worst drought in 101
years with the exception of the
dry spell in 1921.
In October-traditionally the wet
test month Of the year when rivers
and underground springs should be
filled-the rainfall average over
England and Wales was l8 per cent
of normal. Over Scotland it was
just so per cent.
Now, says the Ministry Of Agri-
culture, wells and springs over a
large section of Britain are at a
dangerously low level" The
Thames, which should show a ma
tural flow of 100000, 900 gallons a
day, is down to 100000, 900 gallons
A meteorological Office official said
During the winter we should
have had an abundance Of rain. In
stead, every month except January
Evening star., 1948-05-22

was below average. It will need q
very heavy rain for days now to
make up the losses and prevent a
serious drought this summer"
A metropolitan water board Of
fetal said:
Things look serious. We are
taking two-thirds Of London's water
supply from the Thames-some
200, ,000, 900 gallons q day. II warm
weather comes, consumption may
go up as much as 10o,oo0,0oo gal
Ions daily. and If the water level
drops we may have to introduce re-
strictions."
The Ministry Of Agriculture al
ready is putting into effect plans
for combating a summer drought.
Committees are arranging for water
to be transported to farmers. In
particularly dry areas ponds are be-
ing deepened and streams and small
rivers damned.
Evening star., 1948-05-22
To Sell Greek Hundicruft

BY selling their handicraft work
in the United States, the Panhel-
lenic Confederation of Unions of
Agriculture Co-operatives, in Greece,
hopes to help farm women, now too
poor to buy supplies and equip
ment, to get started in supporting
themselves.
Evening star., 1948-05-22
Mortinsburg 6. o. P. Elects

Martinsburg, w. Va, May %
(SpeciaD Earl Callahan, jr., was
elected chairman of the Republican
City Executive Committee at a
meeting Thursday night. Mrs. l..
Dew. Gerhard and Charles Wolford
Evening star., 1948-05-22

were named vice chairman, Charles
T. Grimes, secretary, and Mrs. Sam
Luttrell, treasurer.
Evening star., 1948-02-17
; Who Fled Prison
In Michigan Captured
BY the Assoeio.sd Press


JACKSON, Mich, Feb. 17.-Three
long-term prisoners who fled South
ern Michigan Prison yesterday aft
ernoon were captured at l am. to-
day in Chelsea, 20 miles away.
The trio-two lifers and a third
man serving Is to 80 years-were
returned Immediately to the prison.
They apparently made their escape
by using secretly manufactured keys,
officials said.
Deputy Sheriff Frank L. Reed took
the fugitives into custody near the
main street in Chelsea. He said
they did not resist arrest. and ap-
parenty had walked from Jackson.
The escape-through a basement
tunnel, ventilator shaft and outside
cell block-was discovered late yes
terday, Warden Ralph Benson re =
ported.
One of the fugitives. Melvin o.
Childress, 43, was convicted In July
1913, in q sensational Detroit crime,
the strangling of Mrs. Sybella Nc
Grath.
| Warden Benson identified the 9TH
er escapees as John Woos, a 25-
year old Chinese prisoner sentenced
to life four years ago in the Staying
of theater owner in Bay City. and
Harry Hoffman, "a, sentenced from
Van Buren County in 194l as a
three time felon.
Evening star., 1948-02-17
Handwriting Studied
|0n Letter Revealing
Los Angeles Murder
BY the Assoe;oisd Press

LOS ANGELES, Feb. 17.-Hand-
writing experts today studied an
unsigned letter that told of the slay-
ing last Saturday of Mrs. Gladys
Kern, AZ, real estate saleswoman
whose stabbed body was found yes
terday In a vacant house in the
exclusive Los Feliz Hills district.
Police said the letter was mailed
within a few hours after Mrs. Kern
had been stabbed in the back with
a hunting knife that was found in
the kitchen of the house, a few feet
from her body. The blade had been
wiped clean Of blood on small
handkerchief, which was wadded
under the sink.
Investigators said the woman ap-
parently was stabbed shortly after
she entered the house to show 1t to
q prospective buyer.
Letter In Pencil.
Police did not make public the
text Of the letter, which was PEN
ciled on typewriter paper and
dropped into a mailbox without an
envelope. On the back was scrawled:
Hurry, give to police"
In substance, the writer gave
this version of the killing:
He met a prizefighter three weeks
ago and was persuaded to iron"
for him in the purchase Of home
in the Los Feliz Hills, a restricted
area. An appointment was made
with a real estate ,saleswoman for
Saturday, and he drove with the
prizefighter and the woman to the
house.
After waiting a long time outside
in his automobile, he became sus-
picious and went into the house to
find the prizefighter standing over
the woman. The boxer covered him
with q revolver, tied him to the
sink faucet with his own belt, and
left.
Planned to Attend Wedding.
Mrs. Kern's husband, John, 48, a
toolmaker, told police he last saw
Evening star., 1948-02-17
Uranium Called Crux
OF Falkland Dispute
BY the Associoted Press

LONDON, Feb. 17.-There were re.
ports in London today that uranium
deposits might be the prize sparkling
the current dispute over possession
OF the bleak Falkland Islands, far
down in the South Atlantic.
The London News Chronicle, with
out disclosing its sources of informa-
ton, said in a front-page story
Uranium in the Falkland Islands
is believed to be one of the reasons
for Argentine and Chilean chal-
lenges to British sovereignty"
Uranium is the basic mineral used
in producing atomic energy.
Britain announced yesterday that
her South Atlantic flagship, Nigeria,
is steaming toward the Falklands to
show the flag" in what the govern
Evening star., 1948-02-17

BY the Associotsd Press
NEW YORK, Feb. ia 16-
month -old boy without country
caught in an immigration technical
ity-is leaving by plane today for
Denmark on the first lap of the
long road to American citizenship.
Neils Francis Rebholz is being de-
ported, but after a year with his
maternal grandmother in Copen-
hagen he should be eligible to be-
come a naturalized citizen of the
United States.
The child, whose father is an
American citizen living in Chicago,
would come back as Danish 1mml-
grant under the annual quota"
The parents. Mr.. and Mrs. Will
liam J. Rebholz, decided on sending
the boy to Denmark as the best
way out of the difficulty.
Neils, wearing a blue snow suit
and carrying a toy bunny, arrived
at La Guardia Field from Chicago
yesterday under care of an Ameri-
can Airlines employe, Miss Dee
Rosner, who said she planned a
vacation in Europe and would ac-
company him to Copenhagen.
The deportation arose from the
fact the boy was born in Rome, OF
a. father who had passed less than
Ave years in the United States after
his 18th birthday. Under the En-
emy Alien Act of 1910, such child
Evening star., 1948-02-17
A. B. & w. Fare Rise Pleo
To Be Heard March 19

The Interstate Commerce Com
mission will air the request OF the
Alexandria. Bancroft & Washing
ton Transit Co. for bus fare in
creases at q public hearing here
March 10.
New fare rates, including elm
ination of tokens in the present
15-cent zone between Washington
and Alexandria, were to 60 into
effect last Saturday. However, the
ICC on Friday stayed the effective
date pending a hearing.
Evening star., 1948-02-17

his wife alive early Saturday and
that when he came home that aft
ernoon he found a note from her
reminding him that they were to
attend a wedding Of mutual friends.
He said he fell asleep while waiting
for her, to be awakened by their
children, Jack Kern, and Mrs.
Peggy Ann Phillips, both %.
Mr.. Kern said the children Of
fered to take him to the wedding
but that he decided to wait for his
wife and that he fell asleep again
after they left and did not awaken
until Sunday morning. Then he
notified police.
Evening star., 1948-02-17

ment considers British territory.
The 8.000-ton cruiser yesterday
left Simonstown, South Africa, un-
der emergency orders.
Britain has promised full support
to Gov. Miles Clifford against
Chilean and Argentine claims to the
strategic islands, which lie northeast
of Cape Horn, about 300 miles east
of Argentina.
Evening star., 1948-02-17

does not receive American citizen
ship.
The father, now "a, joined the
merchant marine and left the
United States when he was 10. He
was married in Rome, and returned
to the United States last year with
his Danish wife Nancy and the
child. Neils was admitted on a visi-
tors permit.
Evening star., 1948-02-17

Payments on your home are
made easy by renting a room.
Renting a room Is made easy
by advertising In The Star.
Call National 5000. Open 8
am. to 8 pm.
Evening star., 1948-02-17
Cocoa Trees Suffer

A government committee is con-
sidering claims for compensation for
cocoa trees destroyed on the Gold
Coast in the fight against the
swollen shoot disease
Evening star., 1948-02-17

Rebholz 18 months DID, received lot OF attention as
he started journey from Chicago yesterday
Rosner anes employe going Copenhagen
cation holds the child and Stewardess Lorraine Lucia rgh
hv tn their SON -AP Wirephoto.