davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-05-08

llOIlS.
Early last month Secretary Of De-
fense Forrestal, accompanied by
Secretary Of Air Symington and
their military experts, appeared be-
fore the Senate Appropriations
Committee, asking for more bill
lions for military aviation. They
were not clear at that time whether
the increased appropriations would
be used on immediate construction
of existing types of planes, or on re-
search for new types OF heavy
bombers and faster, longer range
fighters.
After lengthy discussion 1t was
agreed that a complete plan would
be presented to both houses on the
basis of the defense chiefs estimate
of the possibility of a conflict with
Russia in the near or distant future.
1000 B-29s in Mothballs.
If they regarded war with Russia
as near, they were urged to propose
a plan for immediate building OF
existing types Of planes, with only
a small slice of the $4,000, 900 900
devoted to research. II, however,
they considered clash with Russia
to lie in the more or less remote fu-
ture. a stable amount Of the re-
ouested appropriation was to be
spent on new blueprint and proto-
types.
The Air Force has upwards Of
1000 B-29s in mothballs. They con-
stitute our only reserve Of heavy
bombers today. Planes from this
reserve, if used at the present time,
would build up the Air Force to the
required 10 groups. But the AIR
Force men argued that if they used
these planes, without ordering more
of a similar type at once, we might
find ourselves out on very long
limb il q crisis should develop un-
expectedly.
Money spent on research now
would give us new prototypes sew
eral years from now. AS things
stand today we run the risk OF
being outnumbered by the Russians,
who already have considerable
number of bombers like our B-29s
and are busily building more in fac
tories Of interior Russia.
It was pointed out that the Amer
lean aircraft industry required four
wears to develop the B-29 and to
start mass production. The new
longer-range B-36, whose prototype
was completed 18 months ago, has
proved highly unsatisfactory, and
mass production Of it may be dis
continued altogether.
Plants Not Self Supporting.
The opinion to which opponents OF
larger Air Force appropriations fin
ally rallied was that under existing
Evening star., 1948-05-08
5tassen Discovers
Three Secrets Of
Political Success
His Formula Consists Of
Getting Enough Time.
Money and Publicity
By Frank r.. Kent

Though the Ohio primaries def
nitely checked his triumphal pa
rade,s Harold Stassen has dem
onstrated one thing very clearly
to wit, the effectivness Of his method
of campaigning. Six months age
hardly any one in politics believed
he had a real chance to make the
grade. Most of his friends thought
second place was the best for which
he could hope. There was time
when Mr.. Stassen himself would
have settled for that. Now, his sup
porters are enthusiastically conf
dent he Is within striking distance
Of the first prize.
His has been a spectacular per-
formance. In the first place he is a
young man Of ability, suavity, tact
and charm. His own State is solidly
behind him and he had good rec
ord as governor This was enough
to make him Minnesota's "favorite
son" but not nearly enough to get
him where he is. A tireless cam
paigner. still there were three addi-
tional things he had to have II he
we're to land in the front rank OF
contenders 1t is a tribute to the
Stassen shrewdness that he under
stood about these three essentials
from the start and went after them
The first was time; the second, pub
| licitv. the third money
Got Left-Wing Support.
Getting the time was easy. All
Mr.. Stassen had to do was decide
not to run for the Senate in 1916
This was very smart, indeed, as
with other serious aspirants tied
down by their public offices, for two
years he had practically no COM
petition in the field The other two
essentials-publicity and money
required more work and thought
Mr.. Stassen gave them plenty OF
both.
In the matter of favorable pub
licity, which is the lifeblood of any
candidacy, he has had more than
all the other aspirants combined
Besides writing his book, "Where
Stand" (Which leaves considerable
doubt as to where he does stand). he
himself has written. and had written
about him. more magazine articles
than all others combined. And, the
character of his campaign insured
publicity Of the kind he wanted.
Any candidate who. picturine
himself as liberal" assails his rivals
as "reactionary," at once creates
definite publicity value. Imme.
diately, all the journalistic ano
radio left-wingers squeal In his
favor, Mr.. Stassen did not have tc
offer evidence Of his liberalism
All he had to do was proclaim 1t
The mere act Of indicting Others
as "reactionary" and proclaiming
his contrasting liberalism" makes
news. One has to do very little
more than that to get headlines
One need do nothing more than
that to gain a certain following
which rushes to the support of any
candidate who raises the liberal
banner and cloudily denounces a
fictitious "Old Guard"
Attracted Wealthy.
It Is a measure of MIR. Stassen' S
political skill that while holding
this banner aloft he has been able
to convince large number Of ex-
Evening star., 1948-05-08

Means Committee are held to con-
slider ways and means Of increas-
| ing the tariff on various articles
and, eventually, the price Of same
The oil beneath the tidelands-
worth untold millions-is removed
from the protecting hand Of the
Federal Government.
Real estate and financial institu-
tions write their own legislation
on housing and rents.
The beneficiaries of such legis-
lation, so Congress seems to think,
can stand pampering. They are used
to it.
But minimum wages? Health in
surance? Universal education?
Prices? Congress can't get around
Evening star., 1948-05-08
Hoffman to Be Speaker
At Notre Dame June 6
By the Assoeio.ed Press

SOUTH BEND, Ind, May 8.-The
Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, president
of Notre Dame, yesterday an.
nounced that Paul G. Hoffman,
newly appointed director Of the
European Recovery Program, will
deliver the address at the univer-
.sity's commencement exercises Sum
day, June 6.
Father Cavanaugh said the Most
Rev. Richard j. Cushing, Arch
bishop of Boston, will deliver the
baccalaureate address.
Evening star., 1948-05-08

tremely conservative and wealthy
Republicans that he is by no mean.
liberal" enough to be danger.
ous." On the contrary, meeting
groups Of such men in New York
Palm Beach, Chicago and many
other places, Mr.. Stassen has per.
suaded them that actually he and
they see eye to eye on the lin.
portant issues; that as President
he would be . perfectly "safe
man: that, to use his own words
he really Is . moderate conserva-
tive"
It is surprising how many such
Mr.. Stassen has converted since
first he started campaigning, and
how many have contributed to his
campaign funds. This brings us to
the matter of money. On this there
are no dependable figures. No law
bearing upon campaign contri-
buttons has ever been enacted which
sharp politicians could not evade
and avoid. In every big fight the
money that appears In the reports
is always small compared to the
under the table" money that does
not appear. All that can be said
definitely about the Stassen money
is that it has been ample. His rivals
undoubtedly exaggerate the totals
but there is reason to believe more
has been collected and expended In
his behalf than for Senator Taft
and Gov. Dewey combined. This
"easy cash" position is not the least
Of his assets.
Practical Politician.
All Of this would seem to mean
that despite the liberal" flavor OF
his speeches and his anti-Old Guard
attacks, Mr.. Stassen is an exceed
ingly practical politician, fully ca
pable Of playing both ends against
the middle in the good old-fash-
ioned way. This is precisely what
those who have followed him close
ly insist he is doing. The apparent
candor with which he answers al
questions is, they say, not the real
thing at all. Only the gullible think
so. For example, in the matter Of
labor, he favors the Taft-Hartley
law-but urges amendments which
delight the labor bosses and take
out most of its teeth.
His Communist declarations pre-
sent another example. He advo-
Gates driving the Communist Party
out Of existence by law but Is op-
posed to requiring labor leaders te
make aff1davitS that they are not
Communists, thus making it harder
for the labor unions to drive the
Communists out Of their unions.
Another Example is given by
Thomas L. Stokes. well-knowr
liberal" commentator, who recently
travelled with both Senator Taft ano
Mr.. Stassen. Contrasting the two
Mr.. Stokes says when Mr.. Taft Is
asked, for instance, whether he
favors universal military training
you get a blunt mo" Asked the
same question, Mr.. Stassen "goes
into a long rigamarole in which he
gets on every conceivable side o1
the issue" and winds up with no con-
crete stand at all. Nevertheless
Mr.. Stokes writes, you hear peo-
pie say as they go out: Wasn't he
wonderful? He never lodged a
single question
Then there is his Federal aid to
hospitals proposal which apparently
Mr.. Stassen does not know was en-
acted by Congress several years ago
There are plenty of other examples
but these seem enough to illustrate
the Stassen methods.
Evening star., 1948-05-08

unpredictability
OF M csc ow 8
moves on the
nterna a tional
checkerboard are
chiefly RESPONSE
BILE for the speed
with which the
economy-minded
c gress ap-
prove n e W
heavy appr o.
priations for the
Air Force, the
bulk of which is
to be used for
immediate con-
&rocf allthnriza.
Evening star., 1948-05-08
By LoweH MeHen

II converts to communism are In
creasing in number In our own coun-
try, don't look to the present Con-
gress to check this unwelcome
Evening star., 1948-05-08

d e v e ! op ment.
This Congress is
wasting q great
d e q ! Of lun g.
pso " e r on the
subject and may
enact some Ill
advised law be-
fore 1t adjourns.
but 1t is doing
nothing to dis
courage the ac-
tual gro " t h Of
m m u n is m
Which Is to say,
1t is doing no
thing to irnmun-
ize the Ameri.
Evening star., 1948-05-08
Bv Constantine Brown

Confidential reports to members
Of Congress In executive sessions
showing the tenseness Of the pres
ent international situation and the
Evening star., 1948-05-08

to doing anything about those
things, not even for the purpose
of checking any tendency there may
be toward communism in this coun-
try.
Evening star., 1948-05-08

can people against communism by
making them happier with their lot.
Prepared to spend billions elsewhere
IN the world to stop communism
the Congress spends little more than
its breath in the effort to do the
same thing here at home.
One day last week Representative
Douglas. Democrat, of California,
stood in the House of Representa-
tives and told the other members
what every housewife knows. She
told them that families Of modest
means are being crowded to the wall
by the cost of living. Mrs. Douglas
is an excellent speaker and an at
tractive woman, easy to listen to and
easy to look at. And she had with
her an exhibit that was even more
eloquent than her words. 1t was a
market basket filled with the neces-
stiles OF life,
Evening star., 1948-05-08
STAY Away In DrOycs

Congress members stayed away
from the House that day in droves
At one time there weren't half
dozen Republicans In the chamber
Roanoke Rapids daily herald., 1948-12-28
STILL A NOBLE ART

,HE WEST still has its knights of the saddle and saddle
making continues to be venerable art An average sad
die about $780, but fancy OF fooled leather and
adorned with silver run as high $5000 Most westesners
prefer simple saddles but them made by an artist be-
cause riding comfort depends on the saddemakers Skill
Such an artist E. Meserole, TO- of Boise Idaho ne
has been making saddles the state of Oklahoma still
was Indian territory mans height and weight determine
the size of the saddle which requires "a pounds of leather
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-13
Gen. Clay May Resign,
London Journal Says
BY The Associated Press

LONDON, Aug. 13.-The New
Statesman and Nation, moderate
leftwing weekly, speculated last night
that Gen. Lucius D. Clay may resign
as American military commander in
Germany because of differences with
the State Department.
Gen. Clay advocated pushing an
armed convoy through to Berlin to
break the Russian blockade, the
periodical said. 1t added:
Suddenly. the State Department
and the White House recognized this
would mean war. and realized that
America was neither physically nor
morally prepared for war. AS a
result, Gen. Clay was hurriedly re-
called and informed he must stop
being bellicose = =.
However. it was still Gen. Clay
who went back to Berlin Though
chastened and temporarily gagged
and he is still capable of exerting
tremendous influence on American
policy through his reports.
TT is possible that Gen. Clay
would prefer to resign and accuse
his opponents of appeasement."
Secretary of the Army Royal last
week denied reports published in
Berlin Russian controlled news =
papers that Gen. Clay was to be
replaced. Mr.. Royal said Gen. Clay
lis handling very difficult assign
ment in an outstanding manner"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-13
Montgomery Parents Discuss
Teacher Methods at Workshop

Should children skip some tables
in learning how to multiply? What
is the best method of teaching his
tory and geography?
These were some of the questions
raised yesterday during parent
teacher discussions on possible cur
riculum changes in Montgomery
County schools.
The conferences, part of the cur
rent teacher workshop in the county.
were held in Richard Montgomery
High School, Rockville.
Unlike the first joint meeting two
weeks ago, yesterdays gathering
was split up into small discussion
groups, with the approximately so
parents who attended concentrating
their attention on the subject in
which they were most interested.
In all, there were II groups, each
of which was headed by teacher
or supervisor The subject fields
taken up were art, arithmetic,
health, language, music, physical
education. reading and literature,
social studies for primary pupils,
social studies for intermediate
classes, science and spelling and
writing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-13
DR.. John 6. Wilson Dies;
Northwestern U. Professor
BY the Associated Press

BENNINGTON, VT. Aug. l3.-Dr.
John Gordon Wilson, 81, died today
at the Putnam Memorial Hospital.
He was professor of oto-laryn-
cology and head of that department
in the Northwestern University
Medical School since 1920.
DR.. Wilson had been a summer
resident here since 1924.
He is survived by his widow. Mrs.
Aimers Wilson, whom he married In
1900.
DR.. Wilson was born in Edinburgh,
Scotland, and after graduation from
Edinburgh University, studied in
Vienna and Berlin.
He came to the United States in
1900, and joined the faculty of the
University of Chicago a year later.
He headed the oto-laryncology de-
partment there before going to
Northwestern Medical School.
The funeral will be. private at 2
pm. Sunday with burial in Benning-
ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-13
Money Rates
Continued From First Page.l

would pay on its new short term
Treasury certificates.
Bankers concurred in the move
and announced a general increase of
one-quarter of per cent in interest
they would charge on new loans for
short terms The general rate for
loans to borrowers in the prime risk
category was increased to per cent
as a base.
Bankers acceptances are drafts
drawn and accepted by a bank at
discount from face value and are
used in foreign and domestic trade
by merchants to finance the move
ment of goods between the time of
the original purchase and the final
sale.
The Federal Reserve bank will buy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-13

Interest of the parents appeared
to center on arithmetic and social
studies, judging from the number
participating in the two groups. !
In the arithmetic discussion, j.
Henry Hiser, Bethesda, said he
wanted more emphasis on teaching
addition and multiplication tables.
Il think there is too much count
ing on fingers now" he declared.
Mr.. Hiser is president of the
Montgomery County Parents League
for Curriculum Improvement, whose
members want teachers to concen-
trate on the fundamentals of
learning" such as the three rs"
He asked whether there was any
reason to skip table and take it
up in the next grade. Edgar M.
Douglass. assistant superintendent
of schools, who sat in" on the dis
cussion. said some of the tables are
too difficult in lower grade and
have to be skipped until later date.
Similar sessions will be held at 8
O'Clock tonight, also at Richard
Montgomery School, for those who
were unable to attend yesterdays
meetings. The final parent-teacher
conferences will be held August "a
and Is, the latter at night.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-13
Peanut Vendor Appeals
$50 Fine for Park Sales

John Costello, vendor of ice cream
and peanuts, will take his latest
conviction of selling his wares in
Federal park space without permit
to the Municipal Court of Appeals.
Costello, 81, of the 500 block of
Third street NV was found guilty
by Judge Almond w. Scott yester-
day of what Assistant United States
Attorney Robert Short declared was
his list offense.
Judge Scott fined the vendor $50
and then freed him under a 500
appeal bond. In another branch of
the court, Costello was fined IS for
.disorderly conduct at the time of
his arrest Tuesday near the Ellipse
by Park Policeman T. w. Shoe
maker.
Costello has filed suit in District
Court, asking that Supt. Irving C.
Root of National Capital Parks be
ordered to issue him permit. He
charged he is being Disseminated
against in favor, of Government
Services, Inc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-13
Bortenders Do So
Drink, Alcoholic
Institute Reports

CHICAGO, Aug. 10 CCDN) 1t
used to be--so popular belief has it
that the man on the profit side of a
bar stunned his own wares, much
preferring milk to the refreshment
he sold.
No more. says the Kelley Insti-
tute, Dwight, H., center for treat
ment of alcoholics.
Barkeeps may say they never
touch the stuff" But according to
James H. Oughton, jr., director of
the institute, more and more are
going to Dwight because they have
had many too many.
Mr. Oughton said that only three
saloonkeepers were treated in 1910.
Since then the number each year
has risen steadily to a recordN %
in 1947.
Mr.. Oughton's only explanation
"A bartender must listen to con-
slant discussion Of chaotic condi-
lions these days"
According to Kelley Institute Of
f1cials, bartenders never were bone
dry. Even during prohibition sew
eral men caliino tho-'>--'
keepers were admitted to the insti-
tllte each yea
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-13
Soviet Jams THROUGH
Plan 10 Bar West in
Danube Control Unit
BY the Associated Press

BELGRADE, Yugoslavia, Aug
ia Soviet plan to bar the
western powers from member
ship on the new Danube Con-
troll Commission was damned
through today by Eastern Eu-
ropes Communist bloc. The vote
was 7 to 3.
AS adopted, the article limits COM
mission memberships to the Danu-
biap states. This would mean Russia,
Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania
Bulgaria and the Ukraine-all under
Communist domination.
U. S. Proposal Rejected.
The Danubian conference also
turned down, 7 to 8, an alternative
American proposal which would have
set up an 11-member commission
with seats for the three major west
ern powers and Austria, as well as
the Danubian states.
Under the American plan, Ger
many also would have been admit
ted when it received peace treaty.
The American delegation offered
yesterday to trade away Americas
claim to seat on the commission
in return for full and equal repre-
sentation for Austria and Germany.
A similar French amendment also
was rejected, 7 to 3. Sir Charles
Peake, British Ambassador, with
drew another proposal along the
same lines.
Bloc Displays Unity.
The action demonstrated anew the
complete unity of the Communist
bloc on the question of retaining
jurisdiction over central Europe's
1,800-mile waterway.
Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister
Andrea Y. Vishinsky had made but
one concession in the controversy
with the Western powers on this
issue. He said in speech last night
that Germany and Austria even
tually will receive seats on the COM
but only after they have
received peace treaties.
Yugoslav Foreign Minister Stanoje
Simic gave reception last night
for all the Big Four delegates.
Ana Pauker Romanian Foreign
Minister who headed her country's
delegation to the conference. re-
turned suddenly to Bucharest by
plane last night. No reason was
given for her departure.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-13

fCominued From First Page)
lion, four miles northwest of Ale
vitSa.
These advances, the spokesman
said, further closed the semiclrcle
around the Grammos area.
South of Nestorion, he added, the
Greek army moved >into position to
strike the main Grammos mountain
ridges-Kaifa. Arena and Bouhetsi.
On Mount prophet Elias in the
Western sector. guerrillas were
beaten back from Counterattacks.
And farther west on the slopes" OF
Orla the rebels were battling des-
perately to hold the main road OF
their Grammos network.
Protecting Main Base.
The spokesman said determined
guerrilla resistance in the south
western sector apparently was aimed
at protecting Stavros Height, the
main rebel base in the Grammos
range. The fall of Stavros, he said,
would provide a base for an easy
army attack on the treeless Gram
mos Mountains.
The U. N. committee said, mean
while, that if Albania, YugoslaVla
and Bulgaria permit the guerrillas
to enter their territory and then
return to active fighting, the action
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-13
Tito Affirms Devotion
To Stain, but Accuses
Cominform Of SANDER
BY the Associated Press

LONDON, Aug. 13.-Premier Mar
shall Tito has reaffirmed the soil
darity of Yugoslavia with Russia
and Eastern Europe's Communist
bloc. the official Yugoslav news
agency reported today.
At the same time, in a speech
made Tuesday before Communist
Party meeting in Belgrade, he &C
cused his critics in the Cominform
the Russian-led Communist In
formation Bureau-of slandering
him, the agency said
The speech was believed to have
been the first public comment by
Tito on the Cominforms recent
denunciation of him and his chief
lieutenants. The Cominform said
they were not hewing to the party
line and were unfriendly to Russia.
Denies Entering Socialism Alone.
Tanjug, the official Yugoslav news
agency, quoted Tito as saying:
1T would be wrong to think we
ever reckoned on going into Social
ism alone, that the Soviet Union or
the countries of the peoples democ-
racies were no concern OF ours, that
we want to proceed isolated and
that we are endeavoring to proceed
isolated.
I'VE never thought of building
Socialism alone. I think our coun-
try made a sufficient contribution in
this great past struggle to prove suf-
ficiently its solidarity with them in
the most difficult days both of the
Soviet Union and the enslaved
peoples.
I'VE never could have presumed
that today they would be placing at
stake that cooperation with us, we
never even thought of it."
Affirms Devotion to Stain.
Affirming his devotion to Marx,
Engels and Stain and accusing his
critics of slandering him, Tito said:
There is considerable difficulty
today, but we will-thanks to the
unity of the party, thanks to the
unity of the people of our country
overcome these difficulties and prove
we have been unjustly charged.
This is not a case of this or that
leader. this is a question of social
ism in our country, this is a case
that we should prove to the whole
world = that the interests of our
Socialist country are not narrow and
nationalistic as we have been re-
preached, but that they are part of
the interests of the workers of the
whole world"
Earlier, it was learned in Belgrade
that a special pamphlet containing
the exchange of letters between
Tito's Communist Party and the
Bolshevik Party of Russia has been
issued. Communist Party members
have promised to make it public,
but not just now.