davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26
PSYCHIATRY:
Var Cure

How can the world prevent wars?
Use of psychiatry would be a big
help, according to DR.. John Milne
Murray. professor of clinical psy-
chiatry at Boston university.
A psychiatrist. he said, is one
who seeks the reason for the fail.
ure of human relations in the indi.
vidual rather than in the mass.
But" he asked, what is war
except a mass breakdown of made.
quate relations ending up in a ire
mendous burst of self-destruction?"
Take, for instance, the reactions
of a child trying to adjust itself to
a harsh environment. Under stress
the child may revert to archaic
forms of behavior, and that is very
similar to the impulse of destruc-
ton which. on a worldwide scale.
becomes war.
Therefore, knowledge of mass hui
man reactions should be employed
to abolish war. DR.. Murray con.
cluded.
Actually, it's all very simple. Ii
people didn't act the way they do
they wouldn't have to fight each
other. The trick is to make them
understand that.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26
-WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS-
U. S. Registers Cold War Victory;
Moscow Talks Headed tor Failure;
Truman, Congress in Budget Fight
staff Writer.

------By Bill Schoentgen, VIM STAFF Wrter------
EDITORS NOTE: when opinions are depressed in these columns they are those of
Western Newspape Unions new ANALYSTS ant not necessarily OF this newspaper
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26

The annual rental paid by
the Navy for leased properties
has been reduced by SIS, 000, 900
since the close of World War
II.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26
FARLEY:
Failure

From Moscow came crushing
news for all those hoping for peace:
The talks between the western de-
mocracies and Russia were report
ed to be on the brink of failure.
Barring a last-minute miracle in
the conferences between the U. S..
England. France and Russia, the
East-West stalemate would continue.
along with the Soviet blockade of
Berlin.
It was reported that the western
powers were getting ready to stay
in Berlin under conditions of eco
nomic siege, planning TO maintain
and enlarge the air lift to supply
the 2.5 million persons in their
sectors.
There was, however, one slim
chance that utter failure could be
avoided. The three western ambas-
sailors were scheduled for a final
talk with Premier Stain. and it
was a possibility that the negotia-
tons might be rescued. But the
odds against agreement stood at
about five to one, officials said.
If the conference ended in the
anticipated failure, it was thought
that the Big Four governments
would try to conceal the extent of
the fasco from the public in order
to avoid the even greater degenera-
ton of East-West relationships that
undoubtedly would result if every
one knew just how hopeless the case
was. 81
However, if the Moscow talks did
break up in futility it would not
mean necessarily that all similar
negotiations would be abandoned.
It would mean that any further eff.
fort to reopen them would be de.
layed until at least next spring
possibly March-after the election
and inauguration.
Hs
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26

Buv U S. Savings Bonds
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26

Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Torska
were hosts at a chicken dinner
Sunday evening. Guests were
Mr.. and Mrs. Ronnie Koebbe.
and Mr.. and Mrs. Tom Parker
Walter, Ed and Robert Tor.
ske were among those hunting
buffalo last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tom Parker left
for Kansas Thursday, where
they will spend their vacation
visiting with relatives.
Miss Edith G~ustafson attend
ed the Rainbow picnic SUNDAY.
Mr.. and Mrs. James Torske
and children, 10 Crackenberger
Of Sheridan, Wyo., and Jim
Crackenberger is the father of
Mrs. James Torske and Jim il
her uncle.
Earl Gray called on Fred De-
valid Monday morning.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26

.no,as If the Courthouse Mon.
d doles These leaders will present
tbs same demonstration 20 r elle
members of the Two L WEI
Home Demonstration cluo "f the
nesday, september ! sweeney ~ e,s
home Of Mrs. Cnalresi Koebbe
and Mr. and Mrs. RoDer Iua lie
ske were guests at the Malo5i
Torske home sunday afternoon.
Mrs. Ed Torske, Mrs. James me-
Torske and children and M,s.
Walter Torske and children Weio
shopping in Sheridan Weuiieo
day. 1o,,oo
Mrs. Earl Gray and joyce
were guests of the Best gus
west An club at the Vlckea a
home Thursday afternoon. joyce &c
gave her demonstration -
EQUALITY Eggs.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26
BUDGET:
Unbalanced

Will there be a surplus or deficit
in the governments budget at the
end of this fiscal year?
II vas a question good for a lot
of political haymaking, and both
President Truman and his Republi.
can opponents in congress went to
work with a will.
Mr. Humans forecast was that
the government would be LIS bill.
lion dollars in the red next June.
In his mid-year budget report he
blamed the Republicans 'ill-timed'
ive-billion-dollar tax cut for put
ting the nation back in the hole.
Stricken with horror, COP law
makers raped back sharply: Far
from harboring a deficit. they said,
the treasury will close its books
next June with a surplus of be-
tween FIVE and six billion dollars.
The President had juggled figures
for political campaign effect. the
Republicans charged bitterly.
Another of the weird distortions
which are coming from the White
House while its occupant is a nerv.
GUS candidate for reelection" com.
mented Sen. Styles Bridges CRep..
N. HI mordaciously.
Mr.. Truman had said that federal
expenditures this year would hit AZ
billion dollars. while Republicans
claim that actual expenses will to-
tai SO billion. They charged. too,
that the President had figured the
national income "a billion dollars
too low for the year.
Just who was right in the matter,
if anyone, "a impossible to say.
The entire affair had many of the
characteristics of the kind of tenn.
pest in a teapot that is a run-of-the-
mill event in an election year.
Actually. even if President Tru-
mans estimate turns out to be the
correct one, the books still will show
an adjusted SURPLUS" despite the
1.5-billion dollar operating deficit.
That is because congress provided
that three billion of the surplus
last year should be shifted to this
years accounts to help meet for
eign aid costs.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26

To make sure yoHrs will be a
carefree holiday, let your Conoco
Mileage Merchant check and SER
vice your car. Above all, be sure he
drains out contaminated old oil
and refills, with fresh, clean
Conoco Nh Motor Oil.
That's the surest way we know
to leave worry behind. Because
the moment NH Oil (Patented)
enters your engine, an extra, aaaea
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26
Dunrnore News
ESTABLISHED 1907

Mrs. Denton Phillips was hos
tess at a surprise birthday party
honoring her brother Gary Kali
ser on Wednesday, August Is.
Those present were Donnie
Kray, Jimmie Ross, Forest Klies,
Bobbie Warren, Francis Moca-
bee, Gene Lenhard, Bobby
Knight and Elmer and Arthur
Bird. Games were played and
a theatre party was enjoyed at
the end of the evening.
Miss Francis Bird spent the
past week as a guest of Miss
Beverly Mocabee.
Guests at the Chef Kaiser
home Sunday, August Is, were
Mr.. and Mrs. Vern Kaiser, Mr..
and Mrs. r. w. Bird and family
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26
South Hurdin

Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Gamble
of Chicago, Ill, visited the G.
E. Astrope and j. r. PaulSon
families last week. Mrs. Gamble
is a daughter of MI. and Mrs.
Astrope. Elmer Paulson return
ed to Chicago for a visit with
Mr.. and Mrs. Gamble.
Mr.. and Mrs. Sam Kern and
family, Dolores and Darlene
Katherine and Patricia and Mr..
Seader, Mrs. j. r. Paulson,
and Mrs. Earl Gray and fami-
ly attended the Hallway Al
achievement day program at
the school house Sunday.
Mrs. George Clawson and
Mrs. Leo Colstad attended the
demonstration on bound button
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26
Hat YA HIVE ENTs2
How About 55 GuIlons of Block Coffee7

Coffee and milk. by a wide mar
gin, remain the favorite beverages
of American drinkers who will
down nearly eight billion gallons
of coffee and nearly seven billion
gallons of milk in 1948.
The report on the national liquid
intake, compiled by the family
economics bureau of Northwestern
National Life Insurance company.
also estimates that about 81 bill
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26

lion gallons of beer and IT billion
gallons Of assorted soft drinks will
be consumed this year.
Coffee consumption comes to SIS
gallons per capita in 1913. The
grand total of 7.s5 billion gallons
would make a circular lake one
and . half miles across and 20
feet deep. It would keep a Niagara
falls cataract flowing for 81 min
utes-withnut cream or sugar.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26
COLD WAR
William Revealed

At last something had happened
that could and did make people un-
derstand what this Russian situa-
ton was all about.
1t had been pretty difficult going
for the world public to perceive the
basic truth when it was obscured
by confusing circumstances like
currency reform in Berlin. control
of the German Ruhr, a maze of
spies at home and political annihila.
ton of small European nations by
Russia.
What it all amounted to, as far as
most people were concerned, was a
mess of verbal pottage that they
wouldn't trade for the comics page
any day of the week.
Then it happened. Mrs. Oksana
Kosenkina, the Russian school
teacher, jumped from a third-story
window in the Soviet consulate in
New York to achieve the liberty she
so desperately sought. =.
Mikhail Samarin. the other Rus.
sian school teacher, was wanted by
the Russians but managed to retain
his freedom. Refusing the Soviet de-
mand that he return to Russia. he
tossed this scallion for the Commu-
nists into the propaganda war: Il
won't return to death"
And finally, in England Olympic
athletes from Czechoslovakia and
other Soviet satellite states were
steadfastly refusing to return to
their home countries after their
taste of a free land.
It all added up to the biggest
break the western nations have had
yet in their propaganda battle with
the East.
This was simple. basic, under
standable: These people from the
land of the Soviets-the schoolteach-
ers and athletes-utterly despised
the idea of returning. They simply
would not do it.
Thus, it was in the end a few
OIuIIIdTy pei jill WIN uSotiOySo hiS
elaborate fabrication which Moscow
had constructed to represent to the
world the ideal way of life that
existed in the Soviet Union.
One Voice of America spokesman
said: This is what we have been
waiting for in u war of words.
This is something that can be easily
understood by people all over the
world"
The Communists tried frantically
to cover this breach in their curtain
by calling it, among other things,
an underground conspiracy in the
u. S. to wreck any possibility for
peace between the two nations.
But the villains disguise was off
now and everyone knew him. Try
as they might. the Communists new
err would be able to explain why two
obscure school teachers would seek
their freedom so desperately, nor
why Russia was so determined to
get them back.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-08-26
st. Xuvier News

Last Wednesday evening a
group of young people gathered
at the G. F. Carper home to
help Jack Cline celebrate his
birthday.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. C. Willett
and MI. and Mrs. Walt Willett
drove to Willow creek dam last
Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed McCulloch
were Billings shoppers Thurs
day.
Miss Darlene Willett and DON
aid French, who was her guest,
accompanied the Hardin Rain
bow group on a picnic above
Lodge Grass Sunday.
The Soap Creek Home DEM
onstration club met Thursday
with Mrs. R. C.. Willett. Eight
ladies were present. The next
meeting will be September 2,
with Mrs. M. L. Hawks.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ernie Kuchera
were Hardin shoppers Saturday,
Miss Jean Steele and George
French attended the Rodeo at
Fromberg Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Don Thomas
took a truck load of Cattle to
Billings Sunday for Robin Iron.
The annual rental paid by
the Navy for leased properties
has been reduced by $15,000,000
Evening star., 1948-06-20

the seven men. It tells with pains
taking care how the political leaders
in and out of Congress got along-or
failed to get along-with these men
who were chosen originally to fill
the role of stand-ins.
The publishers picked a most op-
perfume time to bring this book OF
the presses, because within month
the two major parties will give an
other demonstration Of how Vice
Presidents are chosen. And, If his
tory repeats itself, both parties will
be thinking more about balancing
their tickets geographically, or
achieving maximum degree of
party harmony, than about the pos
sibility that the men they name for
second place my be lifted by fate
into the White House.
The seven Vice Presidents who
reached the White House because a
President diea were John Tyler, Mil
lard Fillmore. Andrew Johnson
Chester A. Arthur, Theodore Roose-
welt, Calvin Coolidge and Harry S
Truman.
Mr.. Levin, the author, was born
in Chicago, studied history at the
University of Chicago, and is a vet
eran of four years in the Army. He
says his political thinking is under
lined by the independence and ideal
ism his parents learned in Wiscon-
sin in the days of the elder Senator
La Toilette. Mr.. Levin reaches the
conclusion that, of the seven acci-
dental Presidents, only Theodore
Roosevelt approached the stature "o1
the giants who held the Office"
Evening star., 1948-06-20
The International
Crisis Is Clarified
SURVIVAL OR SUICIDE
BY Harry H. Moore and Others.
(Hdrper & Brothers; s2J'
Reviewed by
ROBERT K. WALSH.

The average layman," for whom
this digest of postwar problems and
peace proposals is prepared, should
not shy away because 1t has some
marks of textbook.
Polls indicate large percentage
of the American public does not
know, for instance, whether the
United States belonged to the
League of Nations or whether Japan
occupied the Philippines during the
war. That alone is sufficient reason
for a book that promises to be use
full to all citizens in making clear
the nature of the present interna-
tional crisis"
Mr.. Moore is editor as we'll as au-
thor in discussing current obstacles
to peace and the ways of building
united world by developing strong
international organization. He brings
together chapters from the writings
of William l.. Laurence, David Lii
ienthal, Harold c. Urey, Raymond
B. Fosdick, Albert Einstein and 9TH
ers. The method, while necessarily
sketchy, provides good running
account and explanation OF the cri-
sis resulting from the discovery o1
atomic energy and the decisions
mankind must make.
The book has not wholly avoided
the dangers of oversimplif1cation
and popularization. 1t does not pre-
tend to be the last word on the SUBJ
ject. Rather, it is starting point
for clearer general understanding OF
elements, issues and possible RENE
dies in the worlds troubles.
Evening star., 1948-06-20

Spoiled by a steady parade Of {
resign itself to mere conjecture
about what would have transpireo
between the Inside" expert and the
glowering representatives OF the
people. They can only guess what
Mr.. Gunther's expression would have
been had Representative Chenoweth
Republican, of Colorado, advanced
the opinion he has set forth at
hearings that Inside U. S. A." is a
satire" Mr.. Gunther probably
would have been as put out to hear
that he was only fooling when he
wrote his hefty Baedeker as certain
legislators were on learning that
Latin Americans were being told
that their home States had been
conceived in hypocrisy and sin.
AS matter of fact, Mr.. Gunther,
according to his publishers. may
know nothing of the congressional
criticism of his best-selling book as
source material because he is prob
ably bound for Europe at the mo-
ment.
When he was here few months
ago, Mr.. Gunther told The Star
he had postponed research on
his next book, Inside Washington"
until after the dust Of the presiden-
tial election had settled. Naturally.
he could not, at the time, foresee
himself as a storm center.
M. Meg.
Evening star., 1948-06-20
Imported Satire
On OIympiun Scale

BULL VANl AND ldE LAMBS
BY I. Compton-Burnett. (Altred
A. Knopf;; s3J
Miss Ivy Compton Burnett. whose
novels have been greeted with al
most feverish acclaim by fellow
writer's in her native England, is
little known on this side of the
water. The importation of "Bulh-
want and the Lambs" is not likely
to make her famous among the
lending library set or to send Holly
wood magnates to their trans
Atlantic telephones. But those who
prize originality, irony and an
oblique approach to the truth about
human nature will welcome it as
an exotic treat.
Since Miss Compton Burnett
makes absolutely no concessions to
her readers or to the demands Of
conventional fiction, her high
handed expose of the cross currents
in a weird English family is at
first difficult to follow and often
tiresome. She scorns exposition and
deals with people only when they
have arrived on the scene. De-
scription Is at minimum and she
has set herself the seemingly i'm
possible task Of revealing character
entirely through some of the most
outlandish dialogue ever to reach
print. 1t is strange combination
of copy-book maXirls used devil
ishly out of context. and carefully
qualified statements of emotions and
attitudes. Since every one from the
self righteous cook down to the
youngest of the five uncanny Lamb
children speak in these toplofty rid
dies. her success at delineating in
dividual personalities is nothing
short of astonishing.
OF this strange assortment, Bulli-
want, the butler, and Horace, head
of the family, stand at the center of
two concentric circles of tyranny
and hypocrisy. Horace, a monster
of stinginess and sadism, begrudges
his children their mothers money
for food, clothing and coal for their
nursery fire. In his fanatical econ
omy program he receives the un-
questioning aid of Bullivant, an
archtype Of English butler who is
infatuated with the idea of service
There is no one, from the first to
the last, who does not serve in some
way the stratum above himself"
says Bullivant in one of his fire.
quent lectures to George, an erring
young footman. The children and
George. driven to separate gestures
of rebellion, are each dealt with in
their own spheres.
Miss Compton's characters are as
big as shadows on the wall and, as
has been indicated, enormously ar
ticulate. Her study is satire on the
Olympian scale The atmosphere
she creates is rarified and extremely
heady, and If you care to accompany
her you will have to leave behind
all preconceived notions about the
innocence of children and the sane
tity OF the home. M. MEG.
Evening star., 1948-06-20

One Of the signs of a growing
public interest in psychiatry is the
continuing appearance of books
dealing with personality structure
and with mental disorders, their
causes and treatment. The present
book is a welcome addition. 1t is
compact and breezily written, and
at the same time authoritative; the
senior author was in charge of the
Army's psychiatric work in the re-
cent war, and is president of the
American Psychiatric Association.
The book presents, from the
strictly psychoanalytic point of
view, the elements of personality
how it is developed by the various
childhood and adult experiences and
how 1t reacts to the various prob
lens Of life. The Id, Ego and Sur
perego, the roles of Identification,
symbolization. repression. the un-
conscious, the mechanisms of COM
pensation. naturalization and pro-
lection, for example, are discussed
clearly and simply, without any
pretense of finality or complete
ness. The various types Of treat
ment are mentioned, with the warn
ing that they are individual in
Evening star., 1948-06-20
Short Prose Pieces
By French Authors
MODERN FRENCH SHORT
STORIES

tMODERN FRENCH SdORI
STORIES
Edited by John Lehman. (NeU
Directions; $3J
The term short stories" is rather
loosely applied to this collection OF
short prose pieces by contemporary
French writer's. Nobel Prize Win
ner Andre Gide's contribution is a
sensitive reminiscence of his mother.
Antoine de st. Exupery's is a mov-
ing exhortation to the Jews in
France during the occupation. The
dozen fictional narratives range
from a wry reworking Of the legend
of Theseus by Paul Nizan to some
lusty scenes of peasant life by Andre
Chamson. Existentialist Jean-Paul
Sartre is represented by two pow
erful, morbid studies in Illustration,
one of a woman who clings to her
mad husband, the other of q stay
of execution in a Spanish prison
during the Civil War. Strangely
enough this last story, by an out
standing representative of the ad-
vance guard. is nearest In form and
spirit to the traditional French
tale. M. Meg.
Evening star., 1948-06-20

And Mr.. Freud
Not Well Met
BY Taylor Caldwell. (CharleS
Scribner's Sons; $3J
MELISSA
Reviewed by
MARY McGRORY.


II, as Miss Taylor Caldwell gloat-
ingly maintains in this new novel,
popularity is the real test of merit,
then she must be counted, over the
dead bodies of many reviewers, as
one of the worlds leading literary
artists. The critics have been pow
erless to break up the romance be-
tween her and the hundreds of
thousands who fall happily on her
Wagnerian soap operas as they issue
annually from her smoldering pen.
They know that they appear
merely catty in their attempts to
come between Miss Caldwell and her
public, but for some it is impossible
to understand just what 1t is her
fans see in her. The customary dis
claimer about ANY resemblance to
actual persons" being "coincidental'
seems utterly superf1uous at the
front of her books, since the people
who stomp through these pages,
brea thing sophistries through
clenched teeth, throttled by gigantic
emotions and picked in spite, could
never be confused with human be-
ings. Her style at best is torrential.
The present opus does nothing to
clear up the mystery of this great
attraction which Miss Caldwell
exerts on American readers. Her
new heroine is a Pennsylvania VAL
kyrie with a father complex as big
as the sale of the authors last book.
A great big beautiful dolt, she be-
comes the unkissed bride of a pub
Usher (he's interested in profit, not
art. but is willing for them to CO.
incide) who, despite Miss Caldwelrs
claims of his sophistication, turns
this stony sleepwalker over to his
vicious sister to be made into lady
of fashion. Since Melissa spends
her wedding night working on her
fathers manuscripts and the rest
of her honeymoon insulting her hus-
bands guests, you can see that, by
comparison, Pygmalion had cinch.
Miss Caldwell and Mr.. Freud are
not at all well met. In fact, Melissa
is the most exasperating heroine
in-search- of "a -psychiatrist in cur
rent fiction. She is more so because
her creator evidently sees her as a
noble savage type who must effect
her own drastic cure. But why go
on? Melissa" will undoubtedly go
rocketing to the top OF the best
seller lists, making its author more
rich and famous, while her de-
tractors, as she we'll knows, will 60
on toiling obscurely in corners Of
newspaper ofnces, their words un-
needed.
Evening star., 1948-06-20

The title does not label the con-
tents of this book fully. 1t is built
around the careers of the seven Vice
Presidents who succeeded to the
presidency.
The author has done so through
job of tying together the widely
spaced eras in which these acci-
dental Presidents lived that he has
produced, in reality, another politi-
cal history. which covers the grealer
part of this young Nations exist
ence.
1t is more than a word picture of
Evening star., 1948-06-20

his main thesis. 1t is a thesis
singularly opposite to the hour, and
every free people-not least of all
the American people-owe it to
themselves to read it. For it is true,
as Mr.. Churchill writes, that pom
dering the past may give guidance
in days to come, enable a new gen.
Grafton to repair some of the errors
of former years and thus govern,
in accordance with the needs and
glory of man, the awful unfolding
scene Of the future"