davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13

Byig. Gen. Telford Taylor: "In this
case we come to the very heart of the
guilt for the unspeakable crimes
Wsich the Third Reich committed"
All q directors were cleared Of
charges that they prepared. for and
helped wage aggressive war. The
court deCreed ''These defendants were
rather high public nor military Off
Gals Their participation was that Of
followers-not Headers" !"
Krupp Gets II Years
Also at Nuremberg, another us
military commission sentenced IL
Erupp munitions directors for lootirg
industries in occupied lands and using
8 ave labor Alfred Krupp Won Boh-
len upd Halbach was given II years in
pr son. 81
In Yokohama, 16 Japanese faced a
us military commission this week,
charged with numbering 1873 Ameri-
cans. The defendants include two for
n n lieutenant generals.
This is the story of the Palawan
n ssacte as told by american investi-
6 '0rs:
re japanese took $50 American
C9ptives from Corregidor and Bataan
t. build an airdeld at Palawan in the
southern Philippines. About this time
[nler.can troops landed on Leyte and
American naval task forces were near
Folawan. US. bonbers attacked the
cirssr:p almost every day.
A Precautionary Measure
The japanese, fearful Of an Ameri-
ri landing. decided to kill their pris-
Crers so they could not divulge mill
tcrv information.
Cn December IA, 1914, the japanese
sounded a false air raid alarm and
herded prisoners into air raid shelters
Then the guards splashed gasoline
into the shelters and threw in flaming
to~@Hes and hand gTenadeS.
risoners struggling to escape were
s"2t, bayonetted or cut down with
sv-0rds and machineguns.
During G.rlier work on the air field
- e 40 prisoners had tunnelled from
tieir air raid shelter to the sea. Wher
they saw what the japanese were do
in~, they fed through the tunnel and
sor7rabled down a 50-foot cliff to the
Y er.
'I',irty of ttem were shot, drowned
o. dynamited from crevices in the
-. But nine escaped by swimming
fve miles to the Philippine govern
T.3~t ne7Rl colony. In all, only IL o
80 prisoners survived; and one O.
tie Il died later.
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13
China
Guns & Prayers


The heat hung like a blanket over
Nanking this week as GeneralisSimo
Chang Kai-shek Sweated his top gen.
erals for a solution to the fate of
Tsinan, the encircled capital of Shan
tung Province.
The news was bad. Chiang's intelli-
gence indicated more than 100000
Chinese Communist troops ringing the
city Their commanders were girding
for an all-out assault. Tsinan was isO-
lated, except by air. City officials said
the situation was tense.
Moral support for harassed, heated
Chang came in a message from the
Dalai Lama of Tibet.
From exotic Lhasa, high in the
Himalayas, the Dalai Lama said he
would lead 100 Giving Buddhas" and
5000 student Lamas in a three-day
anti-Communist prayer meeting.
Under the golden roof of the 1000
lamp TachaO Lamasery, they would
chant their most potent litanies, inn
ploring victory for the Chinese gov
ernment over the enemy.
The boy Lama declared that Ti-
hetans were indignant over the ter
rorism and treason of the Communists
but Tibet, being the Holy Land of
Buddha, can only resort to prayers
instead of arms"
Chang returned his ''heartiest con-
gratulations" and directed Chen Hsi-
Chang, his commissioner in Lhasa, to
distribute aims at the services.
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13
Polio
Worst on Record

VOlSI Qll NGGQIQ
North Cardinals multi-million-dol-
lar resort business went out the win
dow this week as polio came out of
the closet.
Since May the state has been quietly
combating a sharp rise in the dread
infantile paralysis. The outbreak still
is concentrated in the central part of
the state but recently there has been
a scattering of cases outside that area.
A total of 709 cases were reported
in July, bringing the years total to
1,124. SiXty-one deaths have been re-
ported in the states second major out
break in five years and the worst on
record.
Asheville, SWanky resort city of 5O,-
600 in the western part of the state,
banned all public gatherings. Streets,
swimming pools, movie houses and
churches were empty and silent.
At the last minute, health officials
exempted churches from the quaran-
tine but asked residents voluntarily
to give up attendance. Bishop Richard
S. Waters granted Asheville Catholics
permission to remain away.
Meanwhile, officials anxiously
watched localized danger areas in
Texas, Iowa, S. Dakota, California.
California said the outbreak had
reached epidemic proportions in Los
Angeles County.
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13

tee inquiries into
Communist infltra-
ton into wartime
Washington promise
to dwarf in public
interest even the
sensational Pearl
Harbor and Howard
Hughes probes.
Witnesses included
Elizabeth Terrill
Bentley, a Vassar
graduate; Whitaker
Chambers, a senior
editor of Time maya
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13

=
Secretary Ernest Bevin, and Yves
Chataigneau, the French ambassador.
They had reason to be jubilant. The
enigmatiC Russian leader is one of the
hardest men in the world to see.
Rarely does he talk with foreign dip
lomats-except formally at state din
ners or receptions. Interviews with
the foreign press, when Stain does
unbend, generally are through writ
ten questions and written answers.
Tension Eases
Even before their Kremlin visit
there were indications of an easing
of the tense international situation.
Vyacheslav M. Molotov, the Soviet
foreign minister, broke off his vaca-
ton to return to Moscow to talk sepa-
rately with them.
MolotOv also was present at the
conference with Stain.
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13
SideIiqhts

Q At Eldorado Springs, Colo, Ivy
Baldwin, Oldtime aerialist, celebrated
his 82nd birthday by walking a 300
foot high wire across a mountain
Chasm.
Q Harry Goldman, 81, rescued from
the Chicago River, was asked why he
jumped from the Madison Street
Bridge. 81 weigh only 96 pounds, said
Goldman. 'Yeah," prodded an officer,
"but why did you Jump" 'I didn't
jump" sputtered Goldman, "the wind
blew me in"
Q The Norwegian home guard of 3d.
600 men will be issued rifles to keep
at home. Soon they also will have unis
forms purchased from the US. gov.
ernment.
Q A Chinese peasant, sole survivor
of the crash of a Cathay Pacific air
liner, tried to commit suicide twice in
Hong Kong Jail A self-confessed air
pirate, he admitted trying to steal the
plane in flight to hold four wealthy
Chinese passengers for ransom. His
companions got excited, he said, and
killed the pilot and co-pilot. The plane
plunged into the sea and 25 Of the Oc-
cupants were killed including nine
Americans.
Q George Leingang, SO, Of Bakers
field, Calf, was convicted in 1914 Of
grand theft after two men charged he
sold them valueless oil property. Re-
Gently, rich strike was made there.
Leingang told Superior Court in Los
Angeles, he now is worth nearly
$l,0O0,O00. Furthermore, he testified,
he paid the two men $4,000 in restituo
tion. The court ordered his conviction
wiped off the books.
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13

time information that went to Mos
cow.
Undoubtedly the Congressional in
quiries have furnished Gov. Thomas
E. Dewey of New York with some
new talking points for the clean
Observation-Disclosures demand he is
expected to emphasize when his cam
paign actively gets under way in
September.
Ammunition for Dewey
Gov. Dewey has had lot to say IN
the past about Communists in govern
ment. Now he has a chance to name
some names, if he chooses to accept
the testimony given before the COM
mittees.
Other COP leaders believe even if
the charges aren't proved, the thou
sands of written and spoken words
have helped take the public's mind
at least for a while-off President
Truman's demand for action on cut
ting living costs.
Democratic leaders concede this
may be partly true. But, they insist,
the cost of living is going to remain
one of the major issues in the cam
paign. Mr.. Truman, for one, they say.
is not going to let the people forget
about it.
Administration leaders don't think
the hearing charges will materially
affect Mr.. Truman politically. For one
thing, the President months ago or
dered loyalty check of federal EN-.
ployes.
Another factor is that most of the
information supposed to have gone to
Soviet agents involved activities be-
fore Mr.. Truman became President.
Lawmakers Cool
The Republican-controlled 8Oth Com
gress turned a cold shoulder to the
Presidents anti-inhation program as
far as price controls, rationing and
excess profits tax were concerned.
COP leaders set Wednesday as
getaway day after deciding to take
up only three of Mr.. Truman's pro-
posals: housing, bank and consumer
credit controls.
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13
In Short

Left: By Mrs. Eleanor "Cissie" Pat
terson, late Owner-editor of The
Washington TinleS-HeraId, an estate
valued tentatively at SIG, $4,000.
Divorced: By Mrs Evelyn Lehman
in Reno, New, Allan S. Lehman, New
York banker and nephew of former
Gov. Herbert H. Lehman; wed in
1912, they had been separated II
years; she got a settlement reportedIv
$3,5OO,OOO, largest in Reno divorce
history.
Blasted: By RAF Spitfres with
rockets and machineguns, Malayan
insurgents blocking a British military
column in Kelentan.
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13

The purpose of the western diplo-
mats is well known. They were to tell
Stain that the western allies would
agree to four-power talks on Ger
many-provided Russia would end its
road, rail and water blockade of
Berlin.
A Red Danube
Meanwhile, in Belgrade, there was
another conference on east-west diff
ferences-for control of the Danube.
This one was not so cordial. For the
first time since the east-west split,
Russia had a majority at an interna-
tional parley. Andrei Y. Vishinsky,
the Soviet deputy foreign minister,
with seven satellite states dominated
the 11-nation meeting.
The Belgrade session hardly con-
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13
Rebel Yankee

In 1894 President George Washing
ton used federal troops to quell west
ern Pennsylvanians who refused to
pay whisky taxes. Rarely until this
year had any American shown such
spirit in tax fight with the govern
ment.
Miss Vivian Kellems is a Connecti-
cut Yankee and a rugged industrialist.
A cable grip manufacturer, she has
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13
OuOte

Deputy Luigi LOngO, head of the
Italian Communist Party pending
recovery of wounded leader Pal
miro TOgliatti: Communists
would not balk at revolution if
the time were ripe and if we
thought there were no other ways
to insure freedom for Italians"
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13
Politics PrOUes King:
At Special Session

leaders aren't discussing publicly but
nists government jobs with taking the political heat off the do
little special session of Congress- They say Senate and House
committees couldn't have picked better time up with test-
mony tabbng Democratic Office holders the
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13
Probe
Reds in Washington

When control of Congress switched
in the November, 1916, elections after
IA years, some Republican lawmakers
vowed they would open each session
with prayer and close it with probe.
Current Senate and House commit
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13
MOSCOW: West Sees Slain

E western ENJOYS emerged smiling from the Kremln after
cOnerrng two hours and Is minutes with Premier Stain
easest differences It the longest meeting foreign repre-
sentatves have ever had with the Soviet leader.
The Walter Bede Smith, American ambassador
Moscow Frank Roberts special representative Of British Eoregn
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13
War Criminal Courts
Grind SJO1U but Sure

ME wheels Of American justice grind slowly Three years after
the war; U.s. military tribunals both globe
conducting trials of criminals.
In Germany Of "a directors of the c. Farben chemical
convicted of punderng occupied lands Four guilty
Of the murder Of slave a5oreTs Said the American
Milford chronicle., 1948-08-13

(AH Rights ReserUed. AP NelDsfeqturesJ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08
Reviewed by
FRANCIS DOUGLAS.

This is a detailed study of the
transportation to the American Col
onies of indentured servants, con-
victs and redemptioners. The au-
thor has examined both English and
American sources. Redemptioners
were chiefly those who came with
whole families. If, on arrival, they
could not pay the cost of the pas
sage, they were sold into indentured
servitude for an amount sufficient
to satisfy the debt. From a half to
two-thirds of all immigrants to the
Colonies south of New York were
servants or redemptioners, Mr..
Smith says. During the 1600s inden-
tured servitude was practically the
only means by which a poor person
could get to the Colonies.
Demand for cheap labor in Mary
land and Virginia led to the i'm
portation Of reprieved convicts
many Of whom returned to England
upon completion of their servitude
This commerce, according to the
author, was carried on at a hand
some profit and brought a total of
10000 felons on America during the
170Os.
Mr.. Smith, former Rhodes scholar
and Columbia University faculty
member, Is head Of the. historical
section dealing with the achieve
ments Of our naval forces in Europe.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08

she enjoys gin fizzes, q drink which
appears over and over again in her
pages with good recipe into the
bargain; she can retail a gay tale
with the best of them.
1t isn't quite the book that a ma
tive son, stepped in the atmosphere,
would do. 1t hasn't, for instance,
the steeped-in flavor, the exuber-
ance and gusto of Harnett r
kane's books on Louisiana and
Natchez on the Mississippi. But
Miss Early succeeds neatly in taking
you in hand and conducting you
about the city. She knows. what a
visitor wants to see, being one her
self, and she makes sure that he sees
it as best she can show him.
Most amusing and most revela-
tory of her stories are several that
deal with Mardi Gras. One deals
with the man who, as member of a
carnival krewe, had two bracelets
made for his sweetheart, who was
another mans wife. cts a long
yarn, but good) A remarkable, and
true, one tells of the year 1877, when
two tickets to carnival ball were
stolen, and the krewe, anxious that
only the right people get them,
offered $1,000 apiece for their re-
turn! To true Orleanian this
will seem much less fabulous than 1t
will to the outlander. But that's
New Orleans for you.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08
Stories of Love
Durinq Wartime
DEPENDS ON WHAT YOU

DEPENDS ON WHAT YOU
MEAN BY LOVE
BY Nicholas Monsarrat. (Knopt;
$275.)
Nicholas Monsarrat one OF the
best writers to come out OF Eng
land during the last five years
might also have called this trio OF
NOVELTIES Love in Wartime since
they spring directly from the war
and are thus heightened in their
emotional effect. What he means
by love is a ruling passion that ex-
cludes all other considerations. Its
object can be a job, woman or a
ship as he shows in stories that are
variously poignant, erotic and
heroic.
In Heavy Rescue" he tells OF the
regeuerating effects OF volunteer
afraid service in the badly crum-
pied heart of an unemployed World
War I hero, who finds a new rea-
son for being alive in being able to
serve. Leave Cancelled" takes the
form OF love letter which recalls
in highly explicit. although never
pornographic, detail the one-night
honeymoon of an officer and his
bride. H. M. S. Marlborough Will
Enter Harbor," a superb story in
the best British naval tradition,
describes the unreasoning tender
ness of single-minded captain for
the ship that YVES his first COM
mand. BY far the best Of the three,
this, taut and economical study Of
powerful emotion recalls the vivid
understatement that put his Cor
vette" books among the most MEM
orable Of war writing. M. MEG.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08

happens in the first 100 pages except
the flight of Lux from her island to
some strange towns. There Is ire
mendous detail about how the Mex
leans of that day lived-what they
ate and wore, how they amused
themselves, how their houses were
furnished and what the surround
ings and the weather were like. No
doubt Mr.. Germans research has
been exhaustive but he didn't have
to put all the results into shis book.
Yet, once the revolt gathers mo-
mentum the story holds unwavering
interest.
In "Step Down, Elder Brother"
Miss Niggli points up, as she tells
the story Of the family, the chang
ing ways of old Monterrey. There
are new customs as modern as the
cocktail lounge, the juke box, the
soda fountain and the night club
against the background Of clinging
traditions that have no place in the
new life. Go-getters fight for bus
mess as avidly as those Of Chicago
or Los Angeles, yet family tyrannies,
like the tradition of the dominant
oldest son, continue. Domingo, the
elder brother of the children under
dissection, himself has been ruled
by the elder brother Of an older
generation, his banker uncle, Aga
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08
Public Library
RACE RELATIONS.
bv AItheo v Howard
Branch Librarian, Langston Branch,
WASHINGTON Public IihrarYl

Washington Public Library.)
American minority problems are
receiving worldwide attention. The
United Nations attempts to draft a
charter On human rights, and the
petition against discrimination of
Negroes in the United States is
before the United Nations Subcom-
mission on Minorities. Ironically,
Soviet Russia challenges the United
States right to moral leadership in
race relations. Several outstanding
books on this subject were published
in 1947. Foremost among these is
ITO Secure These Rights: Report OF
the Presidents Committee on Civil
Rights" Charles johnson surveys
the best practices Of race relations
In the South, in Into the Main
Stream The Walls Came
Tumbling Down" tells about Mary
Ovingtons work in race relations for
over 40 years, mainly with the Ma
tional Association for Advancement
Of Colored People. Scholarly objec-
tivity and an excellent annotated
photography distinguish From
Slavery to Freedom: A History of
American Negroes" by John Frank
lin. while Frank Tannebaum,s fluent
style gives slave and Citizen: The
Negro in the Americas" general ap-
peal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08
This Doctor Tells
Tales Out of Court
THE QUEENS PHYSICIAN
BY Edgar Mas. (Scribners: S.,
NINA PEMBERTON.

= sl,l.se.,:.r. Reviewed by rs e..
=. =. NINA PEMBERTON.
Dissolute and shameful indeed
were the lives led by some of
Europe's royal families and their
encourages in the late 18th century.
'Europe's courts were splendid and
magnificent but corruption and
chicanery were the order Of the
day. Such is the setting of Edgar
Mas historical novel.
1.-THE Queens Physician" revolves
around the court of King Chris
tan VII Of Denmark. Mentally, this
degenerate monarch was little short
OF lunacy; physically scarcely beyond
childhood. His beautiful bride, Caro-
line Matilda, sister of the King of
England, was but an unwilling and
helpless pawn in the hands Of the
politicians. This was the scene into
which Johan Frederick Struensee
wormed his way slowly and method
ically and from which he was later
so quickly and finally whisked away.
Struensee was commoner, a doc
tor of medicine, a political philoso-
pher, man Of unwavering ambition,
and man who proved to be irresis-
tible to women. Having achieved
the post OF physician in ordinary
to the degenerate King, he then
fulfilled the same function and more
for the beautiful young Queen.
Edgar Mas has written of the
Queen and her lover, their truly
perfect harmony and their tragic
downfall and deaths in terms of
reality and poignant tragedy. Some
of the historical facts and medical
observations about King Christian
VII are highly interesting and en-
tightening.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08
Life mD Death
|OfoHountinq
Woman Poet
MESSAGE FROM A STRANGER
BY Marya Names. THE Viking
Press; $2.75)
Reviewed by
MARY McGRORY.

A haunting woman who lives fol
a year after her death in the con-
sciousness Of those she loved Is the
heroine of this strange, subtle and
sophisticated first novel. Olivia
Baird, a poet who is yariously de-
scribed as "a relaxed Emily Dickin-
son" and "a female Dome" moves
about in q state of molecular sus-
pension from which she Is summoned
frequently to watch over the lives
and loves of her two husbands, her
several lovers, her son and her
daughter.
In Miss Names skilled hands, this
rather pretentious device never
seems absurd, although in dialogues
between the quick and the dead II
becomes slightly irritating. 1t Is the
Characterization Of Olivia, which is
somehow unconvincing. AS an in
habitant Of "the purgatory of de-
pendence on the living" watching
husband and lover being consoled by
other women and her children
cropping through theological and emo
tional fogs, she reveals much OF
herself as her intimates recall the
different identities she represented
to them. Although she disclaims
the label of "promiscuous," despite
some frankly presented and rather
conclusive evidence to the contrary
she seems to come closer to the esti-
mate Of a disappearing relative who
called her 'tndulgent and amoral'
than to her own rather self-right-
eous presentation of herself as q
force for the light and the good.
For all its eerie background, Mes
sage From a Stranger" partakes not
at all of the supernatural or even
the spiritual. Olivia, a most free
soul, Is as worldly in the other world
as she has been in this one. That
probably accounts for the fact that
the best passages in the book are
the pointed feminine commentary
of American manners and ideals
occasioned by the confusion of her
children, who balance uneasily be-
tween their leftist father and tory
stepfather. Miss Names has
achieved q shiny finish but little
depth in this. portrait of woman,
who, as her daughter rather bitterly
remarked, had everything"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08

life, Gerald Warner Braces, 1.-THE
Garretson Chronicle" is now under
consideration by German publishers
It is the kind of superbly written,
accurate picture Of a given region
at given time that Is much sought
after by American authorities.
The Russians, whose handsome
information centers display the
works of the great Russian novelists
and the tracts of Marx, Lenin and
Molotov, take a dim view Of the
program. In fact. at recent
Writers Conference in Berlin. a
Russian officer by name of 1t. Col.
Dimmschutz pointed to the absence
of Faulker and Caldwell on the
list and condemned the whole
output as "capitalistic, imperialistic
infiltrat1on.
The present war-fostered public
interest in psychiatry is good
thing in the opinion Of DR.. Winfred
Overholser, superintendent of st.
Elizabeths Hospital, and author of
Handbook for Psychiatry." This
well-balanced and genial psychia-
trist does feel, however, that pub
fishers and producers of the current
rash of books and movies about
mental disturbances should take a
much more responsible attitude to-
ward their output on these delicate
subjects.
Anybody can write a book, you
know he said with a twinkle, land
some of these books on psychiatry
encourage people either to treat
themselves or to put themselves in
the hands of 'parlor analysts He
suspects, too that while Hollywood
may seek the advice of qualified
psychiatrists they do not always
follow it.
The great number Of mental cas-
ualties during the war has treasured
people that mental disturbances are
neither supernatural nor shameful
visitations, the doctor pointed out.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08

pito. Domingo's ambitions. even his
love, have been thwarted by the
wealthy Agapito. But when DOM
lingo in turn tries to influence his
young brother Cardito, the line
snaps; the boy revolts.
There is much more to the story
Some episodes may be hard for
Americans to understand. But then
no doubt, many of our own folksy
novels, colioquially told and filleo
with regional lore, are tough going
for foreign readers.
Miss Niggli, who is Of Swiss Amer.
lean descent, was born In the Unitee
States. but spent most of her early
years in Mexico. She writes wildly
Her first book, Mexican Village,
attracted wide attention.