davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-24
NLRB asks Injunction
to smash printers strike
strike breakn Injunction
/ Taft-Hartley

At Indianapolis, Ind, head
quarters of the international
Typographical Union (AFD, rep
resentatives of Robert N. Denham,
general counsel of the National
Labor Relations Board, sought a
sweeping injunction aimed at
smashing the two-month old news
paper strike here.
Denham, an appointee of Presi-
dent Truman, asked through his
agents that Chicago Typographical
Union No. Is be forbidden to coa-
tinue its strike.
THE injunction petition, if
granted, would also forbid ITU
officials from calling a strike any
where else in the country.
The union also would be order
ed to drop its demands that the
employers accept the unions
conditions of employment"
Reaction to the request, made
by Denham's office at the behest
of the American Newspaper Pub
fishers Association, was bitter.
John j. Pitch, No. les president.
declared angrily:
There isn't any injunction
that can force a man to work
against his will"
DENOUNCING the NLRB's ac-
ton as another attempt to harass
the union, Pilch said:
at would be impossible to issue
an. injunction that would police
the whole industry"
It'll President Woodruff Ran
dolph, who was given until Feb.
2 to file an answer, received
notice that he must appear before
Judge Luther M. Swygert in the
U. S. District Court at Indian
apolis Feb. 9 to show cause why
temporary injunction should
not be issued pending the outcome
of NLRB hearings on charges
against the union in Chicago.
ssssssa2s seAt - 49, y 10y
THE NLRB is shown up for
what it is under the slave labor
Taft Hartley law "a Sim IN
Legree," Randolph charged.
Cracking the whip for Big Bust
ress in the newspaper field, the
NLRB. asks for AN injunction
based on the imagination of those
preparing the complaint" s
Denham's strike-breaking move
came shortly after Henry A. Wal
lace, third party Presidential can
didate, had denounced President
Truman for appointing Denham
whom he described as "a notori-
ously anti-labor administrator"
Meanwhile Pitch told a. strike
meeting here that printers en-
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-24

Haburn says, Wallace will poll
the votes which nearly everyone
seems to have forgotten about in
the short time since last election"
He figures that the Is million
votes which stayed home in 1916
out of the 261z million cast for
Roosevelt in 1914 will all go to
Wallace in 1913.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-24
Pea backs typo strike

The Progressive Citizens of America This week pledged
whatever
striking printers.
t, BY unanimous Pea
had heard Henry A. Wallace demand the repeal the Taft
Hartley Act endorsed Chicago Typographical Union No.
fight Stacking
The resolution supporting the strikers suggested by
William Miller. state Pea chairman Illinois.
pubisher-Josiah W. Gilt. publisher Pa)
DaYasked as special favor that be permitted
formally offer resolution.
At the Miller added Pea
medical
would be provided by dentists doctors Pea
bers. he said.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-24

ployed in job commercial shops
had been instructed to work no
overtime beyond their regular
1914 hour week.
THE memorandum raised quite
furry from employers" Pilch
said, who have been using the
Taft Hartley laws provisions in
am attempt to make job printers
set ads for the struck newspapers.
The strikers also We're told that
the Franklin Association, an en-
ployers' group covering job shops,
had urged commercial shops not
to pay the wage boost demanded
by the workers, but to use the
benefits of the Taft Hartley law"
Union officials saw an implied
threat in the Franklin Associa-
tons statement to printing shop
owners telling them that it would
let them know who their friends
are"
AT STRIKE headquarters il
pointed out that the Franklin
Associations statement indicated
that any employer who did not
60 along with its union-busting
policy might be fought by other
printing employers.
A number of job shops have
agreed to pay the union scale, il
was reported. s.,
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-24
Downstote porIey Jan. n
to detoiI Wallace drive

100 downae leaders expected gather SPRING
Sunday,
Walace-led third in Illinois. s
Evening star., 1948-07-12
THE EVENING STAR Washington D. c. A-i1


which vent the elected. How un-
pleasant these are I realize when
I hear people grieving that Gen.
Eisenhower will not stand and find
that they are moved by the feeling
that%this was the one candidate who
could defeat Mr.. Dewey, although
they have nothing against Mr..
Dewey which Is real.
They Just cannot bear him to be
President because he so obviously
wants to be President. This Is
mean and petty and childish, and
it makes me feel at home again in
Great Britain. For over in Great
Britain we do not give Herbert
Morrison the credit he ought to
have because he is so like the spec
tacled boy We all knew at school.
the boy with the big head who took
all the prizes and was always right
about everything. 1t Is because
there Is so much meanness in the
world that it seems so good to see
people on the floor Of the ,conven-
ton hall manifesting generous en-.
thusiasm, and it will be a loss for
all of US If there is nothing more
to the Democratic convention than
the laundry angle.
Evening star., 1948-07-12
On the Record
Lasting Security With Russians Seen
Impossible Until They Honor Treaties

publishes the text OF a document
submitted to the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee, which lists in
detail SO specific Soviet violations
OF treaty obligations assumed toward
the United States and other allies
in the Potsdam protocols, the de-
cisions Of the Control Council, the
armistice agreements, the Yalta
agreements, and the Sino-Soviet
treaty and agreements Of August,
l945.
No Assurance Of Good Faith.
There have been 10 indubitable
violations of agreements reached
concerning Germany, seven in
Austria; and two violations Of the
most basic agreement concerning
Poland. Three basic agreements re-
garding Hungary have been vio-
lated in IA separate acts. And six
agreements regarding Bulgaria
three regarding Rumania, four re-
garding Korea, and three regarding
Manchut1a have been preached
every one of them fundamental to
the whole intent and purpose Of
the treaties and agreements.
Therefore, If we again come To
terms with the Soviets tomorrow,
what assurance have we that the
terms will not be violated in a day,
a week, or a month? We have no
assurance whatever. Experience
proves the contrary. There is no
stakeholder. No bonds are posted.
No court has jurisdiction against
the unwillingness of the defaulter to
submit the case.
We are, therefore, Just where we
started when Hitler, by violating
treaty after treaty, reached the
point where only war could stop
him. The Soviets (and all Com
lmunists) believe that, by reason of
their more advanced system and
theology, they are a law unto them
selves. But the concept that no
person can be law unto himself
and that no state can be law
unto itself, if civilization is to sur
vive at all, represents considerably
more progress than the whole Com
munist theology. From that concept
all retreat is recessive, leading to
chaos. perpetual fear, justified su-
spicion, and war.
(Released by the Bell syndicate, 1nco
Evening star., 1948-07-12


and again during the conven-
ton, particularly when I was stand
ing on my desk watching demon
stration. Hundreds Of factories must
have chugged away at the job OF
soap making and thousands upon
thousands of women must have
opened up their washing machines
and set up their ironing boards to
cope with the underwear worked on
by these aggressive phases OF the
solar and political systems acting
in conjunction.
My fellow passengers on the train
leaving New York gave me an 'un-
easy feeling that only from the
laundry angle is that convention
going to take place. The external
forms will be preserved. There will
be the long hours spent in the blare
of the microphones and the glare
of the Klieg lights at the conven-
ton hall and the cheering and
the parades. But 1t is dreaded that
nothing real will happen.
Eisenhower Seen Clever.
Plenty would have happened"
grumbled a boy to his companion,
sitting opposite me, 1T Eisenhower
would have rum" His companion
said eagerly, But Eisenhower will
run yet. You wait, they will get
him to run yet"
When they got out two elderly
ladies took their place and they said
the same. They were Republicans,
they boasted, but not so bigoted
that they would not let their coun-
try's good come first, and though
they had nothing against Mr..
Dewey, they would vote for Gen.
Eisenhower If and when he stood.
That made me feel how clever
Eisenhower was not to stand. These
people wanted to vote for him not
as q man but as symbol, out Of
q nostalgia longing for the time Of
war when the burden Of choice
was lifted from the ordinary citizen
and we all followed the regulations
and were steered to victory. I Won
der If the moderation Of the enthu-
siasm felt for Mr.. Dewey Is not
due to his failure to appeal to this
desire for an escape from the harsh
daylight world. He does not belong
to the dream world, though I have
no doubt that If his campaign man
ayers had thought that 1t was q
good place for him to be, he would
have got there somehow.
General Seen Symbol.
The curious intentness of these
people on Gen. Eisenhower, their
refusal to recognize his refusal to
stand even when 1t had taken this
last and unmistakable form, showed
Evening star., 1948-07-12
This Changing World
Situation Seen Favorable for New Move
ByRussians Despite Difficulties With Tito

ern occupation zones is an impor-
tant ace In Russian hands. The
overwhelming majority Of Germans,
who accepted Hitler because they
were too lazy to do anything else,
hate communism, which they liken
to Nazism. They are deeply dis
gusted, however, with the methods
of Western occupation officials.
Pressure Is Continued.
Three years after Germanys un-
conditional surrender the Germans
are still being subjected to a de-
gree of pressure which is not known
to the vast majority of the American
people. Although officially the
American Government abandoned
the Morgenthau plan, which aimed
to transform the highly industrial
lied Reich into a pastoral state,
the "wrecking crews" sent from
Washington under that plan-some
Of them German refugees in Ameri-
can officers uniforms-are still fol-
lowing policy Of relentless revenge.
Their power is unlimited in their
own bailiwicks and they WELD 1t
fully.
While Britain, France, and Russia
have withdrawn from the Nuern-
berg trials, we alone continue to
try all kinds of Germans whose only
guilt was in holding of1icial posi-
ton under Hitler. Some of these
"culprits" are known, not only to
the Germans but to the Allies as
well, as spearheads Of the fight
against Hitler and his gang. New
ertheless, they are being prosecuted.
Millions of Germans today are
forbidden to exercise their profess
sions as dentists, physicians, musi-
clans and teachers because they
have not yet gone through the de-
notification courts. The bulk of
them are ordinary nonpolitical per-
sons who did their work under the
Kaiser, the Weimar Republic and
finally under the NaA regime with
out thought of any political imph-
cations in their employment. Until
the denazification courts clear them
they are allowed only to dig bitches
or work as farmhands, living on ra-
tions which barely keep body and
soul together.
The officers Of the occupation
army, and particularly those Of the
military government, live in rela-
tive luxury, overlooking altogether
the fact that conditions in 1948 are
totally different from those in the
first two years after the war.
Russian agents-principally Ger
man stooges from the Eastern zone
are infiltrating into the Western
areas and find good ground for their
anti-Western propaganda. 1t was
on the millions of disconnected
Western Germans that the Polit-
buro counted when it ordered the
Russian high command to assume
its present stiff attitude.
Evening star., 1948-07-12

lin or the for Constantine nrsWh.
nation OF a democratic" German
government at Leipzig-is expected
sometime this month.
Some OF President Truman's ad-
visers, at both the White House and
State Department, still hope that
dissension within the Eastern block.
as evidenced by Marshal Tfto's
declaration Of independence" will
restrain the Kremlin conspirators.
These advisers, who in the past
have maintained that the Russian
leaders were merely strutting and
did not intend to get involved in a
major conflict with the West, con-
tinue to insist that their thesis is
correct, since the Reds have shied
away from any overt act Of hos
tility.
Russian Army Supreme.
Since the crack in the Eastern
wall now has become known to the
outside world the Russians must
realize, these advisers hold, that
their position Is worse than a few
weeks ago. This point Of view Is
not shared by the majority Of other
diplomatic and military observers.
The Russians continue to hold
overwhelming military superiority in
Europe, while we are only begin
ing to increase our military estab-
lishment in a modest way: The ma
tions of Western Europe have agreed
to stand together defensively, but
until American war materials start
rolling off the assembly lines. they
will be poorly prepared to resist a
Soviet onslaught.
1t is understood that the United
States Government is prepared to
support those Western nations, but
in order to finance their purchases
of war materials q sizable appropri-
alton must be voted by Congress,
and that is not possible until Con-
gress returns in January.
The deep discomfort in the rank
and file Of Germans in the West
Evening star., 1948-07-12

But events Dorothy Thompson.
since the conclusion of hostilities
startlingly demonstrate that for the
Soviet Union a treaty or signed
agreement is nothing but a scrap
of paper, and since all great powers
have the veto right no international
instrument exists for the enforce
ment Of treaties.
The late Associate Justice Holmes
when asked what conditions are
essential to any civilization named,
as recall it, only four. But one OF
these was respect for contract. 1t is
obvious that without legal means OF
enforcing contracts, society would
relapse into anarchy. There could
be no reliable exchange of goods
and services, no stable conditions
of employment, no cooperation in
volving money, no security in land
or other property-in fact, no Sc
curity at all.
Breaking Treaties Is Crime.
Pacific relations between sover-
eign states only can rest on solemn
agreements and treaties between
them. This is soDSgenerally under
stood that breach Of treaty Is
considered In international law as
hostile act. Breaches of treaties
were charged against German lead
ers as war crimes. And the San
Francisco Charter states in its
third paragraph that the charter
of the United Nations exists ito
establish conditions under which
respect for the obligations
arising from treaties - can be
maintained"
Now, what conceivable security
can be won from continuing to con-
clude treaties however they may,
in their texts, appear to have set
tied disagreements, with partner
whose record shows that he signs
only to disregard?
The June issue Of the State
Department bulletin-issued before
the latest Soviet moves in Berlin
Evening star., 1948-07-12
South May Still Walk Out
Truman's Choice of Douglas for Ticket
Heiehtens Democratic Sectional Split

| Meanwhile, the New York lead
ers were lining up on opposite sides
| James A. Farley checked in at
noon and the Southerners, who have
always liked him and consider him
one of theirs since he now works
for Coca Cola, trooped in. So did
Douglas people from Indiana
and the Presidents own State OF
Missouri
Flynn Phoned Douglas.
Mr.. Farleys anti-Douglas blast,
his list of five better candidates
including Senator Barkley-and his
implied rebuke Of the party leaders
who called the anti-Truman caucus
soon followed.
In a neighboring hotel, Ed Flynn,
the Bronx boss, and State Chairman
Paul Fitzpatrick Of New York,
aided and abetted by Missourian
Robert E. Hannegan, former nation
al chairman, were telephoning JUS
tice Douglas, urging him to run.
Apparently 1t didn't bother them
that they were prominent among
those who stopped Justice Douglas,
one of President Roosevelt's two
choices. in "A. A little irony like
the fact they were now begging him
to rescue Mr.. Truman to whom they
handed the ~ prize hardly matters
IN the present party crisis.
It is not difficult either to parse
Mr.. Farley. He blarnes the New
Dealers, Of whom Justice Douglas
is zone, for alternating President
Roosevelt and destroying Mr.. Far
leys 40 chances to run if not for
President, for Vice President with
Cordell Hull. He is at odds with
Mr.. Flynn and Mr.. Fitzpatrick and
perhaps at this point more infiuen-
tial outside New York State than
in It. And Mr.. Farley has never for
gotten that a Southerner-Carter
Glass-nominated him in 40 when
few had the courage to fight Mr..
Roosevelt, so he fights for the South.
Senator Barkley surveyed the
darkling plain with his usual toler-
ance. But he warned one national
committeeman:
III run only II the White House
asks me and they better shurry. I
don't want any Of those warmed
over biscuits"
Evening star., 1948-07-12

that they were not interested in
the real man but only in the symbol.
And therefore Gen. Eisenhower
would have had a terrible time had
he stood and been nominated and
elected, for he would have func-
toned as a real man contending
with reality.
A military hero has q hard time
anyway when he Is converted into
a peacetime administrator. Every
time such q general does anything
that does not turn out to be i'm
mediately and definitely recognize
able as right and expedient every
man who has ever served in the
Army and achieved lesser rank
than general gets an emotional re-
lease by indulging in bitter criticism.
This tendency will be very strong
In year or two when the debunk-
ing movement towards the last war
starts going. For Of course there
will come a time fairly soon when
young people, and a sour stratum
among their elders who like to have
influence among the young, will
emerge and tell US that we should
have been able to get along with
Hitler and Mussolini and the Japs,
and that our willingness to get
killed and wounded in lighting them
was a form of hypocrisy and self
interest.
Dewey Opposition Not Real.
So was sorry for the disappoint-
ment Of the boys and the elderly
ladies, but glad that man who
seems to be thought able and up
right by everybody that comes close
enough to him to get his real flavor
should have found place to exer-
else his ability where 1t would not
be blown upon by the sharp winds
Evening star., 1948-07-12
Bp D0rofhv Thombs0n

The apparently insuperable diff
ficulty of creating peace in the
world lies In the demonstrated Soviet
lack of respect for treaties. 1t Is
Evening star., 1948-07-12

lessly driving the South into a corner
on the colored question.
It is still q confused situation with
the great names of the party deep
in contradictions and at cross-pur-
poses; nevertheless, they are the
stars in a historic drama.
The position at 8 o'clock last
night was as follows:
The President had again tele-
phoned Justice Douglas late Satur-
day night. This time he not only
offered him second place, he begged
him to take it.
Douglas Hesitated.
Justice Douglas hesitated. He did
promise the President final an
swer Sunday night or Monday.
Talking by telephone that same
night to a friend here, Justice Doug
las asked for . minute description
OF what was happening. He in
quired about delegate sentiment and
jested in the most carefree manner
about Democratic prospects. He was
clearly tempted by the Truman offer.
While this went on, Leslie Billie,
chairman of the Democratic policy
committee Of the Senate, Truman
intimate and q member Of the cam
paign brain trust personally chosen
by Mr.. Truman, let 1t slip that he
favored Senator Barkley for Vice
President. r'f -.
Many delegates and reporters,
aware Of the Biffle- Truman friend
ship, figured that must be the Tru-
man pitch. However, this time Mr..
Biffle was casting his lot against
Mr.. Truman and with the Sena-
tors whom he cherishes and de-
fends every day of his life. Also he
is from Arkansas, Senator Barkley
from Kentucky.
Mr.. Biffle, incidentally. is ser
geant-at-arms of the convention.
That means he's the ticket-dispenser
and the strategic man in such mat
tiers as packing the hall and dem.
onstrations that could be vital in a
floor fight.
southerners Modified.
Saturday night, also. Senator
Barkley dined with friends, prepared
to sink his perfect teeth into 3-inch
steak-he's never had a filling and
only one tooth (wisdom) pulled and
he'll be II in November-and said
Nobody at the White House has
talked to me about the vice presi-
dency."
By Sunday morning, friends OF
other aspirants and the Southern
ers were mobilizing. Their slogan
when the amateurs get finished,
We'll nominate a Vice President.
The amateurs. they were not reti-
cent about admitting, were Mr.. Iru-
man, his ardently pro-Douglas aide
Clark Clifford, and Justice Douglas:
Trapped in the middle, National
Chairman McGrath still insisted he
was only umpiring. He got one
break during the day: Mr.. Clifford
came here with a blow-by-blow re-
port of what the White House was
ioing and what 1t wanted.
Evening star., 1948-07-12

l o T
instance. to con-
clude peace with
Germany, a n d
thus bring about
the highly de-
sirable W / t h.
drawal of occu-
patton fore e S,
except through a
treaty Of the AL
lied governments
with 4 German
government, or
German govern
ments, and with
Evening star., 1948-07-12

d oCClCtd1y y GA
claiming on the
telephone, "Oh,
you must put in
at least anoth-
er six shirts for
him he will need
all you can give
him down at
Philadelphia.
This was my
first introduce
ton to the
laundry angle Of
the convention,
which was to
loom large in
nv AyaS again
Evening star., 1948-07-12

ber are full / y
conscious OF the
ave crisi s
which threatens
he U n | t e d
States and the
rest of t h e
world.
The situation
in Germany has
entered its final
phase and a new
surprise from m
the Kremlin-in
the form either
of a Communist
uprising in Ber-
Evening star., 1948-07-12

Truman's cham
pionship Of civil
rights, the South
t o In d fresh
grievances today
in his choice of
Associate Justice
william o. Doug
las for Vice Presi-
dent and began
t fig h t l ng the
Douglas b o o m.
Justice Douglas
is too liberal for
t h e m; he has
shared in Su-
preme Court de-
oi.dAna ralnfaf
Evening star., 1948-07-12
Rv Doris F[ees0u

PHILADELPHIA, July 12.-This
may yet be the historic convention
which sees the South walk out on
the Democratic Party.
Already bitter against President
Evening star., 1948-07-12
Rebecta West Finds
Eisenhower Wise 10
Avoid Nomination
By Rebeceo West
>seial cosra,pondenf Of The Stor

PHILADELPHIA. July IL. - A
few days before the Republican
convention I was sitting in an Of
fee belonging to one among the
great ones of the earth, and I heard
Evening star., 1948-07-12
By Constantine Brown

Only a handful Of the Democratic
delegates who are meeting today in
Philadelphia TO nominate the
party's standard-bearer in Novem-
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1948-06-19

tin T. Walden, local attorney and
counsel of the Georgia Conference
of NAACP branches, and Edward
R. Dudley of New York assistant
special counsel for the NAACP.
The lawyers contended that no evil
dence to sustain the conviction
was offere by the state at the
trial. The Ingrams admitted the
killing as an act of self-defense.
Mrs. Ingram and her two sons
were convicted of first-degree
murder by an all-white jury in a
one-day trial in Americas on
February 81. A stay of execution
was granted and NAACP lawyers
argued a motion for a new tria
before Judge Harper on March PSI
He denied the motion but vacated
his former sentence of death and
handed down sentence of life i'm
prisonment.