davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
China
The Beor Emeraes

me peQF Emer9eS
Sub-zero winds sweeping south
from Siberia brought a new threat to
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek's fall
tering legions, as the Manchurian
Communists drew a tightening moose
around strategic Mukden.
They also symbolized an aspect of
the Chinese Nationalist Communist
struggle which long has haunted for
eign observers but which up to now
has been stUdiously veiled This was
the question of Soviet aid for the
northern Chinese Reds.
With the war going steadily against
the Nationalist, a high-ranking gov
eminent general openly accused Rus
sia Of supplying the rebels with So
viet-made arms and communications
equipment.
For more than two years, govern
ment officials have remained silent
whenever any accusation was raised
against Russia. It was Gen. Hsu Chi
Ming, chief of staff at the government
military headquarters in Peiping, who
finally broke that silence. If Russia
secured control of China through the
Chinese Communists, he said, then
Burma, Indo-China and all of East
Asia would go. America, he forecast.
would be left with only one Asiatic
ally-Japan.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
Propaganda Barpage
Burma
Birth Of a Nation


Down came the Union Jack on Ran
goOn's tabled Government House at
dawn this Sunday. In its place, the
Burmese flag was run up for the first
time in history It was Independence
Day for more than 14,5OO,OOO in the
land of pagodas, jewels and rice ter
races.
The Burmese constituent assembly
met in the dawn's early light under
their new banner. Saw Shwe Thaik.
provisional president of the new Re-
public, read the formal proclamation
making the constitution operative.
The constituent assembly was then
dissolved and reconVened as the Pro-
fessiOnal Parliament of Free Burma.
AT its first session, Parliament de-
bated terms of a treaty under which
Britain will cancel $50, 100000 in Bur
mese debts to the crown and transfer
81 small naval vessels to the new
country. In return, the Burmese will
negotiate trade pact with Britain.
The British have withdrawn all
their military forces save a few Off
GERS who will remain to complete the
transfer of military tasks to the reg
Ular Burmese army. Under terms of
the treaty, Britain is to have the right
to maintain military training missions
in Burma.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
SideIights

9 Larry Hightower of Ellenburp
Wash. self-styled goodwill ambasss@
dor. pushed his 103-pound wheelbar-
row through Illinois this week with
nearly 5000 miles clicked off on his
round the world tour. Since he
wheeled out Of Ellenburg July 4 he
has worn out 10 pairs of shoes and n
pairs sf gloves. His barrow is
equipped with a generator on the
front wheel which lights HEADLIGHT
oy night and powers his battery radio.
with headphones. It also contains )
tool kit, map case and as letters.
Three letters 60 to London and one to
New Delhi, Eng. Hightower estimates
It will take him IL years to circle the
globe, he didn't estimate how MANY
gloves or shoes.
9 In indianapolis, Sam Klesmer
found a brightly wrapped package on
his porch Christmas night. Il con-
tanned some watches and costume
Jewelry previously stolen from his
parked car There was an UNSIGNED
note; I'm sorry" He looked again
but only half the $500 loot was there
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
CiUiI War
In Greece.

XME CAN'T pull out. This isn't
w any 15-round contest; it's a
contest to the limit. We've got to
win. If we don't God help us,
that's all. Russia then would be
looking at Turkey and the Darda-
nelles and Egypt and the Suez Canal"
New York's Representative Sol
Bloom, who was House foreign affairs
chairman when the Democrats ran
Congress, expressed mounting
American sense Of participation in the
Greek civil war when he unburdened
himself of the above comment.
Though the struggle between the
Athens monarchy and rebellious Reds
IN the northern regions has been in
progress almost as long as China's
civil war, which it much resembles,
recent events have made it an arena
OF Russo-American rivalry.
The Truman Doctrine
The United States first became in
volved last March, when President
Truman's blunt doctrine urged inn
mediate funds to strengthen the gov
ernments of Greece and Turkey
against alien threats. For the Greek
government, Congress subsequently
voted $300,000,000.
In spite of this help, the Athens
regime made relatively little progress
against the guerrilla bands. which
were being aided-it was charged
by Red sympathizers in Soviet-in-
fuenced YugoslaVia, Albania and Bull
garia.
Then, hard on the Christmas holi-
day, came what looked like a Russian
move such as Truman had feared.
Markos Vifiades, 41-year-old Com
munist guerrilla leader, proclaimed a
free state in northern Greece
Key Konitsa
Meanwhile, the Athens government
launched a powerful drive to relieve
strategic Konitsa, mountain city
heavily attacked by guerrillas. Lying
in the mountains close to the Alba
nian border, Konitza was seen by
some as possibly intended to become
the capital of Viiades' government.
With major battle shaping up, the
outlawed the Communist
party and the left-wing EAM cOali-
tion. Military courts were empowered
to impose the death penalty on rebel
sympathizers in the government zone.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09

clared TOTO, "was made only as a
last resort. A war of self-existence
was our only alternative. We staked
the fate Of our country on that deci-
sion-and lost"
TOTO accepted full responsibility, as
premier, for Japan's defeat, but add
ed: Never at any time did ever
conceive that the waging of this war
would or could be challenged by the
victors as an international crime"
AS for the surprise attack on Pearl
Harbor, TOTO maintained he trusted
fellow defendant Shigenori Togo,
then foreign minister, to deliver ade-
quate advance notice.
1T was a matter. of great regret to
the Japanese Government" he said.
ito learn that actual delivery of the
note was delayed"
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
AERIAL: Speed & More Speed

now has more than $50 in operation.
The summary did not mention the
Bell XS-1, which was reported unoffi-
cially to have exceeded the speed of
sound (760 mph at sea levell.
Among the new types produced in
1947 were:
North American XP-S6, single
place jet fighter with arrow-like
wings and tail, designed for speeds in
excess of 600 nnph.
Curtiss Wright XP-87, four-iet
fighter, designed to operate under ex-
treme climatic conditions.
Republic Pisa Thunderiet, about
600 on order, with IS delivered.
Consolidated -Vultee XB-46, four-jet
bomber, an experimental model now
under test at Wright Field.
BOeing XB-47 StratOjet, a six-en-
gine bomber about the size Of the
B-29, still under test.
Consolidated VuItee B-36, worlds
largest land-based bomber, Of which
100 are on order.
NOrthrop YP-49, largest jet plane. a
flying wing with no fuselage.
HOWARD hugneS Ak-14s nigh speed
photo reconnaissance plane. still un-
der test.
An instance of the new. emphasis on
speed is the decision Of the Tactical
Air Command to use swift jet bomb
ers, dropping down from their nor
NAL high altitude, for ground troop
strating and attacks on an enemy's
front line defenses.
Use of jet aircraft at attitudes rang
ing down to 1000 feet represents a de-
parture from the original school Of
thought that Jets could be used Ell
GENTLY only at high attitudes where
the rate Of fuel consumption IS much
less.
The advantage win be speed which
will cut down the time Of exposure to
flax and machine gun FIRE from the
ground
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09

atJache Of the Polish embassy in
Washington. Mrs. Maria Marynowska.
prewar translator for the American
consulate in Warsaw and postwar
translator for the British embassy.
was sentenced to IL years in prison.
They were charged with turning
over secret economic, political and
military information to Arthur Bliss
Lane and Victor Observation-Disclosures.
the former American and British am
baSSadors. 1t. Col. Edward ]. York
Of San Antonio, Texas, formerly
American. air attache in Warsaw. also
was named by the court as having re-
ceiVed underground information.
Hungarian Protectors
About $4,000 Soviet troops remain
in Hungary despite ratification of a
formal peace treaty. The treaty called
for evacuation of all but "communi-
cation units" by the Soviet Army by
December Is.
Snugly billeted in provincial towns
astride Hungary's approaches to Aus
tria, Soviet tank and artillery vet
Grams told discreetly inquisitive Hun
garian civilians they are remaining
an additional three months at the in
vitation of the Hungarian govern
ment."
Since. Hungary is now sovereign
power whose Communist-co controlled
government can make any sort of
bargain with the Soviet Army COM
mand, it is likely western Allies can
not make a diplomatic issue of what
is tantamount to continued Russian
occupation of the strategic area of
western Hungary.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
Abroad
Addiction & Death

Another of Europe's few remaining
monarchies ended. King Mihai I, 26, of
Romania abdicated in the interest of
the people, he said. The Communist
dominated cabinet Immediately de-
clared Romania popular democratic
republic"
Little King Victor Emmanuel III of
Italy had a rendezvous with destiny
IN 1922. That was when Benito Mus
solini, a loud left-winger from Milan,
stepped out of railway car in the
Italian capital to lead his march on
Rome"
Encountering no appreciable re-
sistance from the quavering monarch.
Mpssolini made himself Italy's fascist
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
People
Toio's War Of Self Defense

Toio's War Of Self Defense
Diminutive Hideki TOTO, japanese
premier at the time of the attack on
Pearl Harbor, maintained suavely at
his trial as war criminal in Tokyo
this week that the war was fought
in self defense.
The willy, 63-year-old ex-war lord
and diplomat has regained his aplomb
after long period of dependency.
TOTO is very different figure now
from the frustrated little man who
botched an attempt at suicide two
years ago when he was taken into
custody.
"Our decision to make war;" de-
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09

people Of a choice between progress
and reaction. So far as the Republi-
cans are concerned, he said, there IS
no hope-as George Norris, Fiorello
LaGuardia and Wendell Willkie found
out long ago.
Wallace fayed both major policies
for a bipartisan foreign policy which,
he said, "opens the door to war in our
lifetime and makes war certain for our
children"
New Role for Wallace
The decision to head a third party
cast the Iowa-born Wallace, SO, in a
new role. He served as Secretary of
Agriculture in two Roosevelt terms.
put in four years as Vice President of
the United States and served for
shorter period as Secretary of Conn
merce.
He resigned from the latter post, at
President Truman's request, after he
spoke out last year against 'get-
tough-with-Russia" policy while Sec
retary of State Byrnes- was urging
firm hand in dealing with the Soviet
Union.
Wallace resigned as editor of the
NetD Republic magazine a few hours
before announcing his candidacy.
Universal military training is the
first decisive step on the road toward
Fascism,' Wallace declared. We will
fight it to the limit.
"A new party must stand for a posi-
tive youth program Of abundance and
security, Not scarcity and war. We can
prevent depression and war if we only
organize for peace in the same com
prehensive way we organize for war"
Wasted Votes?
Wallace said "lukewarm liberals
might ask Why throw away your vote
on g third party?" His reply was this:
The bigger the peace vote in 1948
the more definitely the world will
know that the United States is not be-
hind the bipartisan reactionary war
policy which is dividing thesworld into
two armed camps and making newt
sble the day when American soldiers
VIII lie N Arctic suits in Russian snow
7 say vote for a new party in. 1913
VIII be the most valuable vote you
ever have cast or ever will cast.
IN Washington, Sen. Glen II. TAYLOR
tD.-Idaao) said he was considering the
possibility Of running for Vice Presi-
cent on the Wallace ticket, While Tay-
lor said he didn't expect to Join him.
he called the former Vice President "a
very. courageous man fighting the
good fight
ssHthere IN Washington, WaIlace's
third party candidacy brought the ex-
pe1ted reaction with Democrats pub
lcly discounting its effect and Repub-
hesns welcoming a development that
many tels would hep their chances to
take over The White House after cleo
tion day.
SAID Rep. John d. Dingel (D-Mich).
I believe Mr., Wallace shot his wad a
long time ago. The only thing he might
accomplish IS to aid the election Of a
fesctionary in place Of President Tru-
man. But I have my doubts about that"
Rep. Joe Hendricks (D-FIa) said.
Coed riodance: Mr.. Wallace is now
a renegade Republican and Democrat"
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09

than to spend its budget on existing
models moving into obsolescence.
Among the new fighters all but one
are jets. The exception is the North
American P-82F ''twin Mustang" an
earlier model of which flew nonstop
from Hawaii to New York.
Of the new Jet fighters, only the
Lockheed P-80B has been produced
in quantity. About 200 have been de-
ivered. The speedy P-8OB has greater
fire power and tougher resistance to
battle damage than the original P-80
Shooting Star, of which the service
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
Quote

PraVda, Communist Party Off
cial newspaper, commenting on
the fact that "a of 766,647 can
didates in Russian municipal
elections failed to attain Office
because they did not receive the
necessary majority: 'In "a in
stances electors, using their
rights, sent to the crows no
good candidates" i"
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
Here Come the Jets

The emphasis in new military
planes is on speed and more speed.
That means jet aircraft.
A yearend summary of 1947 orders
placed by the United States Air Force
discloses II new plane types (of which
all but one are experimental and a
trend toward substitution of jet pro-
pulsion for conventional motors in
both fighter and bomber aircraft.
With limited funds in peacetime,
the Air Force effort has been to de-
velop new types for production rather
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09

unal sentenced two underground
leaders to death as traitors for selling
state and military secrets to Ameri-
can and British diplomats. Five 9TH
ers drew prison terms up to life as
spies.
One of the condemned, Wlodzi-
mierz Marszwski, Sc, was a former
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
EVER wATcHFUL BORDER &c coNTRor MIRO. ~
EUROPE: Life Behind the Iron Curtain

THERE is a tenseness and
4 growing strain in life behind
the iron curtain since the breakup
of the London conference.
Some Of it Americans actually
see in Berlin. Other incidents
they gain from travellers or from
carefully-worded dispatches from
eastern European capitals.
In Germany'S four-power capital.
personal relations among the occupa-
ton stats have shown a marked
change. By official order, Soviet de-
pendents have been drawn into
CLOSED" compounds for living pur-
poses, seldom meeting other nationals
or even the jittery, rumor-conscious
Germans.
Soviet officials are accepting fewer
and fewer invitations from western
officials. Not Russian attended the
Four-Power Ball on New Years Eve,
top social event at which Red Army
uniforms formerly were much in evil
dence.
Propaganda BarBage
The Soviet-controlled press and
radio in Berlin has become less and
less restrained, referring to Ameri-
cans and Britons as "fascists" and
''imperialists.
Arrest of Americans has become
more and more frequent in the Soviet
sector although under four-power
laws they are supposed to be able to
move freely about the capital. Tear
gas was thrown into an American
train moving from Berlin through the
Russian zone.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09

dictator Puppet-like Victor Emman-
uel readily assumed a puppets role.
In l943, when the Allies were pre-
pairing to land on the Italian main
land, the hve-foot monarch took his
battered nation out of the war. In
1916 he abdicated in favor of his son
Humbert, went into exile in Egypt
Later the Italians renounced the
monarchy.
At Alexandria death claimed Victor
Emmanuel this week at the age Of 78.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09

Two weeks ago the Moscow press
warned Russians to be on guard
against "imperialist" spies. That same
warning was picked up by papers in
the ring of Soviet buffer states. This
week there. was proof that, in Russian
eyes, it had been no idle warning.
In Warsaw, a Polish military trib-
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
Dates

Monday, January 5
American Medical Association
meets, Cleveland.
United Nations Little Assem-
bly, holds first session, Lake
Success.
Tuesday, January 6
Eightieth Congress reconvenes.
1 Old Christmas Day epiphany.
Thursday, January 8
Anniversary (133rd), Battle. of
New Orleans (legal holiday in
LOuisiana).
Saturday, January 10
Western hemisphere labor con-
ference, Lima, Peru.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
Wallace Candidacy
Seen Splitting Vote

ERY A. WALLACE who started Republican bolted the
Party this week independent
for President this fall When old parties he sd the people
right to be heard through party There fight he
declared, between Truman and Republican.
Wallace charged the Democratic leadership with deprvng the
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-09
Science
Food from Sunlight


If man can ever duplicate photo
synthesis - the process by which
plants make their own nourishment
and on which all life depends-limit-
less supplies of food could be created
In factories at little cost.
During the week, at Chicago, the
American Association for the Ad-
vancement of Science was told of new
findings on the first steps in photo
synthesiS.
Three University of Chicago chem
lists, Drs. Hans Gaffron, A. H. Brown
and E. w. Eager, reported the results
OF experiments using carbon dioxide
containing radioactive carbon made in
an atomic pile. 1t enabled them to fol-
low carbon atoms taken up by small
one-celled plants. After 20 minutes of
exposure to light, the radiocarbon
would be generally distributed through
the one-celled plant. But in the first
80 seconds, one small part of the cell
received almost all of the radiocar-
bon. This first part contained the ra-
diocarbon in the form of new inter
mediate chemical, the scientists re-
ported.
It is known that all plants build I'D
sugar, starches and certain proteins
from the combination of sunlight. car
bon dioXide, water and nitrogen. Just
how it is done has been a mystery
which the Chicago experiments as
well as others made at the University
OF California may eventually help to
dispell.
Cold Clue
A few days earlier scientists held
out the possibility of producing a vac
cine against the common cold germ.
In Washington it was announced
that two researchers of the National
Institute of Health, of the us. Public
Health Service, had isolated such a
germ.
Said DR.. Norman Topping, core
searcher with DR.. Leon T. Atlas in the
experiments: ''We consider this work
to be quite significant toward the
hope of solving the riddle of the com
mon cold"
The germ, they said, was isolated
and grown in the laboratory with the
aid of prisoners at the District of Co
lumbia reformatory who volunteered
to contract colds from the nasal wash
ings OF a man stricken with a natural
cold.
Annually the common cold costs the
US. public $l,00O,OOO,OOO. It's exact
cause long has bafaed researchers.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01

Mr.. and Mrs. William Darnell and
sons, who have made their home on
Wildwood Plantation for the past six
years, have moved to Tchula and are
located with Mr.. and Mrs. c. R.
Hamlin for the present. Mr.. Darnell
will be associated with the Interna-
tional Harvester Co. in Lexington.
Mrs. Victor Reinhard and MI. and
Mrs. E. j. Sheppard spent the Christ
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01

Mrs. Ralph Ray was hostess to four
tables of bridge in honor of Miss Sa-
maha. Mrs Myron Casteele was high
scorer for the games, Miss Georgine
Crow low, and Miss Sue Henry,
bingo. The guest of honor was pre-
scented two crystal goblets in her
chosen pattern.
The hostess served coffee, sailed
nuts, sandwiches and date loaf.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01
Good Fellowship and Good Cheer Linger On

the gay blades popping through the
open gates to partake Of the merri-
ment and wish one and all Happy
New Year, I sincerely wish you
many joyous returns Of the season.
The young dandies making the
rounds cut quite a figure. Custom
dress for these occasions included
the conventional swallow : tailed
coat. In travelling to their destina-
ton, they would ride in a grandiose
hack with a huge, rounded front
window, permitting unobstructed
view of the outside-and them
selves. If they wanted the finest
team in the stable-and they did
they dug deeper in their pockets
and paid willingly.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01

mas holidays in Laurel with Mr.. and
Mrs. Curtis Jones and family.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. P. Lacy and Don
Preston, of Jackson, were guests OF
MI. and Mrs. c. r. Hamlin during
the weekend.
Mrs. Swayze Johnson and daugh-
ter, of Columbia, Louisiana, are
house guests of her sister, Mrs. Julia
Shepherd and family.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01

Woody, Miss Frances Lee MCGEE,
and Miss Georgene Crow. The guest
of honor was given a corsage of
white carnations and presented a sill
yer compete by the hostesses.
A CONCEALED salad, sandwiches,
olives and coffee were served after
the games.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01
a NEW war
PRAYER

Oh, glad New Year, take not these things from me
The olden faiths; the shining loyalty
Of friends the long and searching years have proved;
The glowing hearthfire, and the books | loved;
All wonted kindnesses and welcoming
All sure, hardtrodden paths to which | cling.
Oh, blithe New Year, gay with the thrill of Spring
Leave me the ways that were my comforting!
Laura Simmons
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01
CONE is the gallantry and chival-
" nv of the CAV nineties, but it's

ZONE is the gallantry and chival-
~ ry of the gay nineties, but it's
still nice to talk about 1t.
Nothing reflected the decor or the
formality of these halycon days
more brightly than the annual New
Years Day festivities held in the
better homes of the land. In them,
good cheer, good fellowship and-of
course - good manners abounded,
all in keeping with the times, the
good old times.
Months would be spent in prepa-
ration for the occasion and when the
fateful day arrived the homes would
be decorated, the finest foods and
drink spread on the table, and the
coyest coquettes lined up to receive
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01
1CHULA
Miss Angeline Samoho Honored
A. Several Parties

Miss Angeline Samaha has been
.be honoree at a number of lovely
narties. On Monday afternoon Miss
Cara Ellen Jones, Mrs Kenneth Par
r;sh and Mrs. Henry MCGEE, Jrr en-
retained with five tables of bridge.
pr;zes were won by Miss Ouida
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01

Christmas dinner guests in the
Frank Darnell home were Mr.. and
Mrs. William Darnell and sons, of
Wildwood Plantation, Mrs. Inez
Roach, Mr.. and Mrs. Rabb and Betty,
of Lexington, and Mr.. and Mrs.
George Darnell of Indionola.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01

Miss Martha Louise Turner who is
a student at the Arthur Mahoney-
Thalia Maria Dance Studio in New
York City, is the guest of her mother,
Mrs. M. L. Turner. She will return
with Mr.. and Mrs. Phil Held the
third of January.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01

Claude Hutchinson of Jacksonville,
Florida. was the guest of his aunt,
Mrs. v. Reinhard several days last
week
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1948-01-01

Billy Cooper Smith of Tunica spent
the weekend with his parents, Mr.
and Mrs. c. w. Smith.