davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-07-26
Mrs. Eleanor Patterson

Mrs. Eleanor Patterson was forty-Six
years old when she was drawn by the
traditions of her family into the news
paper business. She had by then lived
life marked by disappointment, tragedy
and that futile pursuit of happiness and
personal satisfaction that money can
buy. There must have been very few
people who took with any seriousness
her deal with William r. Hearst to make
her editor of his unsuccessful Washington
Herald. The transaction bore all the
outward marks of the sort of whimsy that
one associated with both Mr.. Hearst and
Mrs. Patterson.
But the step changed the course of her
life. A woman of natural talent, with q
feel for the newspaper business inherited
from both branches of a. family dis
tinguished in American journalism, her
new venture seemed to be one of the few
things she herself ever took seriously.
first edited, then leased and later pur-
chased and combined the Washington
Herald and Times as the country's
pioneer twenty-four hour newspaper, she
made the property successful CONNER
cially and gave it, and herself, ma
tional reputation in and outside of the
business
Her paper reflected the idiosyncrasies
of her own personality, for she believed
in that sort of paper and she. used it for
the exploitation of ideas, good or bad,
that appealed to her Under her owner
ship it became one of the diminishing
few of the highly personalized journals
of the country. In making it so she was
completely Indifferent to criticism and
intent on her own vagaries. The paper be-
came her consuming interest, she became
a skilled craftsman in her own right and
the ends she sought had nothing to do
with any desire for personal aggrandize-
ment. Outside of the newspaper, there
were things she kept strictly to herself,
such as her warm If unpredictable gener-
osity her loyalty to old friends and the
loneliness that came to her toward the
end of her life. The Stars sympathies
are extended to her survivors and to our
bereaved neighbor, the mes-Herald.
Evening star., 1948-07-26

ernment here in this comparatively small
country is all the more remarkable and
admirable as it is independent of factionalism
nepotism or even the momentary precarlous
financial condition Of the peso, which has
dropped to low of IS for the dollar from 81
of two years ago.
At that time I had been asked to conduct
a series Of concerts here and had been sur
prised and pleased by the excellence of the
orchestra, of its rules and regulations under
the laws OF Chile, the universal interest and
enthusiasm of the public Il remember espe-
cially how nearly overcome I was when saw
a statue of Johann Sebastian Bach in one of
the public parks with the inscription:
Erected in gratitude by the people Of ChileD,
and the high achievements in music in general
and among both the older and younger COM
posers in particular.
Retired at Full Pay for Life.
Since then, one of the starters of this fine
musical activity, the excellent conductor and
founder of the Santiago Symphony Orchestra
Armando Carbajal, has retired after 80 years
of beniflcent and fruitful activity; and his
assistant, Victor Tevah, an equally gifted
younger man. has taken his place. Inciden-
tally, it may be noted that Carbajal was given
the assurance of his full salary land very
considerable one, too) for the rest of his life
although he is not yet go years of age and in
good health, I am happy to say. 1t was
gesture by the government in recognition Of
his past efforts, and on par with other
splendid arrangements as to pensions for Or
chestral musicians prizes for compositions, the
official position assured the great Chilean
poetess Gabrielle Mistral now in California
Evening star., 1948-07-26
A PsoIm for Simple Things

Wear patience noio, o heart groton
prodigol:
And spare the foolish fagellant OF mind.
The maynard stDan may yet proDe beau-
tiful,
The fruit snrpass the promise of the rind.
Who has not matched the Grant mind
reueaI
Treasure beneath the slime of moss,
or frond
OF lilies breaking through satin seal
TO Send their 1ountatned fragrance far
beyond
The circumstantial nluck7 Who ddres -
look
At something less than stars comes to
tor0fre
The fortnight conversation of brook
Which claims no ocean as deriuatiue,
But 1odnders laughing do,pn gypsy ,Day
Heralding night and prefGcing the day.
RUBY ALTTZER ROBERTS.
Evening star., 1948-07-26

in cultural advancement. A visit to the
exhibition Of the portions of the Index now
on display will suffice to convince any fair
minded citizen that folk art merits appre-
citation. The masters of the Renaissance
were familiar with the value of common
things Of human manufacture. Scores of
priceless canvases in the permanent collec-
tion OF the National Gallery contain care
fully reproduced impressions of domestic
equipment-such homely articles as wicker
hampers. vinegar bottles, cheese boxes,
soup dishes and salt cellars, each worth
painting because of a quality of charm for
the eye.
Evening star., 1948-07-26
Answers to Questions

"A reader can M get the answer to any question Of
IS; sa 6: 5'sRsE sss
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.
with the White House during his travelsP-
J.. w. r.
A. When the President travels he keeps in
touch with the White House through United
States Army Signal Corps Radio. Radio tele-
type facilities have been installed on his special
plane, the Independence, and similar facilities
were installed on the special train he recently
used to tour the country.
Q. How does the Palomino horse differ from
the Palomillo?-J. l..
A. According to the Palomno Horse Associ-
alton the Palomino is q golden coated horse
with name and tail of white or silver or
ivory. The Palomillo is lighter color cream
coated horse with white name and tail. The
Palomino Horse Association puts on record
that it officially recognizes and rates the
Palomino horse as a western stock horse pri-
mariiy utility horse whether used for ranch
work or pleasure rather than an ornamental
Q. Please name some former Gretna Greens
In Eastern United States?-M. NJ
A. Marriage bureaus, sometimes called
"Gretna Green's" have existed at Wellsburg,
W. Va; Greenwich, Conn: Bristol Va; Jefrer-
Westchester County. N. Y: Elkton, Md; Cow
ington and Newport, KY.
Q. What is the origin of the term "cloture"2
B. T. S.
A. The word cloture, which means action
of closing" was applied as early as 1871 to
the closing of debate in the French Assembly
by vote of the majority.
@. How many people are transported annual
ly by elevator?-A. L. r.
A. The New York Department of Housing
and Buildings released information that
5000 100000 passengers were transported by
elevators in New York in the year 1947. 1t
has been estimated that 1900 900 600 elevator
passengers will travel an estimated 24l 900
miles in the United States in 1948.
@. Is there any difference between foods
cooked by ordinary methods and those cooked
by electrons?-M. E. Y.
A. Heat waves produced by ordinary, stoves
cook meat from the outside In whereas radar
Meat cooked by an electronic range is gray In
color and lacks the usual brown crust Opin-
ion differs as to the flavor some finding It
superior, others much the same as when cooked
by ordinary stoves. In the hotels and restau.
rants where electronic cooking has been adopt
ed 1t Is usual to scar the meat before cooking It,
q. How long Is the daily practice period
OF the Army football team at West Point?-
A. The United States Military Academy
says that the Army football team puts in
somewhat less than two hours of football
practice daily. The average afternoon prac-
tice OF the team amounts to approximately
30 minutes.
Evening star., 1948-07-26
Chile's Example in the Arts
Dr. Kinder Impressed by Governments Support and the
Contrast With Situation in Washington
By Haas Kinder

and the constant Improvement Of artistic
conditions In general.
What impressed me particularly this time,
on the occasion Of my second visit here, was
. performance by the local Jooss ballet Six
years ago, Kurt Jooss, known the world
over as one of the great creative forces Of
the modern dance, had taken his troupe
on visit here. So greatly impressed were
those in charge of things artistic, that an
immediate effort was made to retain Jooss
permanently for Chile. Commitments else
where made this impossible, but after con-
sultation, Jooss, with great understanding and
generosity, agreed to have his best male dancer
and disciple, Ernst Uthoff, come here with
the understanding that the latter was to start
and develop q Jooss school of the ballet
under the auspices of the university, or,
rather, its Institute Of Musical Extension,
which has as its head the dynamic and force
full Domingo Santa Cruz, composer, scholar,
leader of things artistic and dean of the
faculty Of Sciences of the Musical Arts, 4
really great personality in many ways.
In Contrast With Washington.
Now, six years after this tentative start
the institute has invited Jooss to spend six
months here to work rs he likes together with
Uthof. Jooss accepted this time, although
his own ballet is in England. The results of
Uthoffs work, now aided by his former mas
ter, are nothing short of incredible. per-
formance with the orchestra of three ballets
recently at the Municipal Theater. including
premiere OF a new ballet. "The Big City"
with music by Alexandra Tansman, gave
inany-sided evidence Of this. The perfection
Of the individual dancers Except for Uthoff
and his wife Lola Botka. we'll remembered by
balletomanes OF decade ago, all Chileans),
as well IS the ensemble, the charm of the
decors by Hecter derCampo, the costumes by
Sonora Williams (both Chileans), everything
together made for such excellence rs does not
exist in any other company of tooay that
know. Among the dancers was one Patricio
Bunster who reminded me Of Massine in his
best days, but the entire cast was admirable
in its finish.
1t has all been achieved by the most COM
plate cooperation on the part of the institute
and its members, of which Uthof now is one
Small wonder that Jooss was delighted and
that the audience gave him an ovation when
at last he appeared on the stage Small won
der also that I felt bit depressed when I
own National Symphony Orchestra, notwith-
standing the whole-hearted support OF the
Washington public and It's great success there
and elsewhere since almost l8 years, still leads
precarious existence from year to year, and
has no ofdcial backing, no permanence, not
even . hall of its own, in the worlds most
important Capital.
When oh when?
Evening star., 1948-07-26
Folk Art

great English critic once complained
that plumber had no right to try to
make his work beautiful Perhaps the
opinion was put forward simply to provoke
a reaction In any case, it is an attitude
which few persons will accept as canonical
The instinct to art arises from the masses.
It springs from two important aspirations
Of the human mind and heart-the desire
to please oneself and the desire to please
other individuals. The current exhibition
of water color renderings in the Index of
American Design at the National Gallery
proves the point
shown. They represent household proper
ties of the eighteenth and nineteenth CEN
turies, not excluding clothing and toys.
Some of the subject material is starkly
utilitarian, yet the unknown craftsmen
and craftswomen who created them testi-
fed to wealth of imagination which did
not pretend to be pragmatic-and for that
very reason made these articles interesting
to later generations. A piece of kitchen
ware could hold pudding without being
artiStically designed. 1t is a question.
however, as to whether the bowl or dish
would have lasted SO long had it lacked an
esthetic attraction.
Erwin o. Christensen, curator of the
Index, has twenty-five thousand items in
his care. Most of the water colors, draw
ings and photographs were executed and
compiled as WPA project 1t gave en-
ployment to competent workers who needed
Wages Rut the nnonev time Spepf hx, tte
Nation long since began to pay dividends
Evening star., 1948-07-26
A New Province for Cunudo?

Although returns from a few remote
districts still are missing, there can be
scant doubt that majority of the New
foundland electors have voted to join the
Dominion of Canada. Thus presumably
ends the hotly-contested controversy as to
Newfoundland's political status
The circumstances behind this popular
decision are peculiar. Newfoundland, the
big island which lies just off the Canadian
mainland at the entrance to the st. Law
renee Gulf, has had a checkered history.
First of England's overseas possessions, it's
bleak climate and infertile soil have re-
tarded its development, Newfoundland's
economic life having been dependent on
fishing and numbering. During the world
depression of the 1930's, lack of foreign
markets caused the country to go virtually
bankrupt. The mother country rescued its
ancient colony from this plight, but only
at the price of renouncing its Dominion
status for a Commission Government
which ran the island as benevolent
receivership.
The ,Newfoundlanders are proud
people. More than half century ago,
they refused an invitation to join the
Canadian Federation, electing to retain
their cherished independence. 1t is there
fore understandable that the Newfound-
ianders have been irked by Commission
rule, no matter what its economic neces-
sity. chance for better things appeared
through the temporary prosperity brought
by World War H. and more recently by
the discovery of extensive iron deposits in
the dependency of Labrador, a coastal
strip on the adjacent mainland which has
always been under Newfoundlands juris-
diction However, the overall economic
picture was uncertain. The one thing most
Newfoundlanders wanted was an end of
Commission rule.
To this, there were two alternatives
one, union with Canada; the other, re-
sumption of full-fledged Dominion status.
But this second alternative was practically
dependent on close economic relations with
the United States, which many Newfound-
landers envisaged, especially through
development of the Labrador ironfields by
American capital.
Last June, those three possibilities were
put up to popular vote. Continuance of
Commission rule was deciSively rejected
but Canadian union and Dominion status
ran so close that neither got majority
This necessitated second run-off cleo
ton to decide between them. This n-off
plebiScite has resulted in small majority
for federation with Canada. The only
question is whether the smallness of the
majority-seemingly less than 5000 out of
about 1000 ballots, will be considered by
Canada as the substantial majority
which Prime Minister King declared to be
a prerequisite for Newfoundlands entry
into the Federation as its tenth province
However, the advantages to Canada are
such that there appears small doubt as
to Ottawas acceptance of the election
result.
Federation with Canada will mean i'm
portant shifts in Newfoundland's economic
life, since the island will come within the
Canadian tariff wall. On the other hand,
membership in the Federation will ensure
Newfoundland's solvency and bring it
Dnany social benefits. For us In the United
Evening star., 1948-07-26

Aney are OF q
caliber which is
SO far beyond the
ordinary that I
feel impelled to
point them out
in print in the
hope that some
day We in the
United s t a t e S
may follow the
e xa m pl e and
have our own
lawgivers, our
8 e n a tors and
Congressman, see
the light Of day
when it comes to
supporting the
a r t S. he en-
lightened atti-
tlIJa rf fhe o0v.
Evening star., 1948-07-26
Stars, Men and Atoms y
Center Of Consciousness
In Bruin Reported Found
Injury to Area Causes Complete Loss
Of Reaction and Usually Is Fatal
By Thomas r. Horny

By Thomas r. Horny
CHICAGO.-Location Of center of con-
sciousness" deep in the brain has been re.
ported to the American Medical Association
here.
When 1t Is injured by disease or by q wound
person is unconscious forever-regardless
OF how long life may be prolonged. There
can be no response to any stimulation from
the outside world and the condition differs
from death only because breathing continues
and the heart keeps beating. This living
death might continue indefinitely except for
the fact that victims succumb to pneumonia
in Q few days.
Finding of the Approximate location of the
consciousness center was reported by Drs.
George N. Thompson and J. N. Nelson of the
University of Southern California. They told
OF autopsies Of is patients who passed into
this state week or more before death.
Area Protected.
The site Is located, DR.. Thompson said, at
approximately the point where the mid d-brain
joins the thalamus, far under the cerebral
cortex. This is the most carefully protected
part OF the brain, he explained. 1t has been
known that there are secondary nerve centers
here which control breathing and heartbeat.
although the main centers for these activities
are located at still greater and more primitive
depths Thus they will continue, on an en-
tirely unconscious basis, even after the vital
area Is out Of commission.
For al Is persons who passed into COM
plete Inconsistencies for no known reason
and continued in this state until death, the
lesion was found in the same place Some
were due to blood clots, one to q bullet
injury. In all cases the effect was the same
nN
quite different from "awareness" 1t is only
necessary to make . response of some kind
to stimulus, such as pulling q finger away
from . hot coal, to be considered conscious"
One does not need to have any personal
realization Of the reaction This would come
from much higher brain centers.
Anesthetics Create Effect.
Temporary complete Inconsistencies can be
produced by anesthetics. The action Of these
on the brain still Is only vaguely understood.
ne said, but 1t now seems probable that they
work downwards First the cerebral cortex,
or top OF the brain, Is thrown out of action.
That is the end Of awareness AS lower
is deepening stupor until the vital area
Is reached where all response ends
1t is necessary to 90 only little lower
easily done with an overdose-to strike the
primary breathing and heart beat centers
This would cause immediate death and is
responsible for some deaths on the operating
table.
1t now is reasonable to suppose, DR.. Thomp-
son said, that sleeping sickness Is due to some
minor lesion of the newly found consciousness
center. This condition may be considered a
"stupor," the Threshold of unconsciousness,
and has been known to continue for months
with final nearly complete recovery as the
lesion was repaired by natural processes
Evening star., 1948-07-26
Rubber Reserve Bureaucracy

Rubber Reserve Bureaucracy
To the Editor Of The Star:
Any one with schoolboys knowledge Of
finance must have got Q kick, Is did, out Of
an Associated Press dispatch on the financial
page Of your issue Of July u, headed Gov.
ernment Holding Line Against Imitation in
Synthetic Rubber" This is typical bureau-
cratic propaganda and / am surprised at the
Associated Press falling for 1t.
This article goes on to state: "The nainte-
nance of that price is causing chests to swell
with pride around the Office Of Rubber Reserve,
an arm of the Reconstruction Finance Corp"
Well, while we are ut it, why not ask Rubber
Reserve to publish an operating statement,
showing just what the results Of its operations
are? Also It might tell us whether or not 1t
paws % Der cent income tax and other lesser
taxes Is the rest Of us who are trying to
earn 4 living running our business do And,
for instance, who pays its rent, where did it
get its capital, and what interest does 1t pay?
We all know the answer. Rubber Reserve
is Just another bureaucratic agency Its den-
cits are paid by the RFC, which gets its money
from the Treasury, which sells more Govern
ment bonds, which puts more money in circu-
lation, which fans the flames Of imitation rs
much or more than anything else IN this cock
eyed period in which We live. And the tax
payers pay and pay while the bureaucrats
spend and spend and elect and elect. to para
phrase the oft-quoted remark Of one Of our late
lamented top New Dealers.
SMALL BUSINESSMAN.
Evening star., 1948-07-26

States, the chief interest will be the ques-
ton as to whether our leases on strategic
bases on the island, obtained from Great
Britain as part of the destroyer deal" of
l941, will be continued. Presumably, this
matter can be amicably adjusted between
Canada and ourselves
Evening star., 1948-07-26

SANTIAGO, Chile. By Nail. - In this
country of Chile the artistic achievements,
sponsored by the university and under govern
ment laws, are constant surprise and delight.
Evening star., 1948-07-26
Satchel Paige's Victory

To the Editor Of The Star:
A victory for civil rights was won at the
Democratic convention in Philadelphia, but
for my money q more inspiring victory was
won in that city = couple Of days later by an
aging Negro baseball pitcher. Satchel Paige.
The newspaper accounts Of the game be-
tween tbs Cleveland Indians and the Philadel-
Evening star., 1948-07-26

Just think-if all the world spoke COM
mon language there would be no more
misunderstanding than there is in our
Democratic Party at this time
Evening star., 1948-07-26

phia Athletics which saw the almost legen.
Diary Negro pitcher win his first major league
victory, contained this significant sentence:
But the star of the game and the hero of the
fans was old Satch' Paige I" =" -.
For 20 years. Paige had been barred from
playing baseball in the major leagues land the
minors as welD solely because of the color of
his skin. Yet in his forties, at IN age when
most players have retired, here he was, ad.
mitted as last through a lifting of the bars,
proving that what sportswriters had said for
years Of his ability was true, that he could
pitch and win major league ball For years
those who barred him used Is their pretext
the fear that if he came into a game. the
white players would stalk of the field If he
pitched in hotly contested game, they said,
there would be danger of race riots among
the fans.
Yet here were the Philadelphia Athletics
losing game to their strongest pennant rivals,
the front-running Cleveland Indians. And
what were the Philadelphia fans doing? Riot
ing? No. they were engaging in the old Amer
lean custom Of cheering the underdog! They
were shouting themselves hoarse for . man
who after long years of discrimination and
exclusion was winning his own battle for his
civil rights
There wasn't any racial conflict Instead
satchel Paige, capturing the imagination of
the public, was hero to white and black fans
alike.
Downtown the rebellious Southerners were
still packing up. If they had their way, Satchel
Paige never would have gotten that chance
to compete. nor any other Negro, for every
time he won a game 1t would mean that he,
Negro. was better than the white batters
opposing him-and that in some way would
undermine the dogma of white superiority
which they were committed to support Hence,
1t must not be permitted to happen
The victory>at the Democratic convention in
platform Of words was not half SO significant
as what Satchel Paige proved on the diamond.
He proved something about the innate sports
manship and fairness of the average men.
something which, when civil rights are put on
personal basis, is going to plague the South
ern racists for long. long time
GLENN D. EVERETT
Evening star., 1948-07-26

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
'Driter, although it is permissible for
a writer knoton to The Star to use
a nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1948-07-26

reader can get the answer to any question o
fact BY writing The Evening Star Information Blu
reau 31S street NE. Washington 2, D. c. Please