davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-02-21
Rites Held at Woodstock
For Wallace 6. Murdock
sneeial nisnateh TO The stor

WOODSTOCK, Va, Feb. 21.-Fu-
neral services were held yesterday
afternoon from the Dellinser funeral
chapel for Wallace Gilmore Muir
dock, 80, operator of Valley Build
ers' Supply Co.
Masonic Lodge members were In
charge of services at the grave. Mr.
Murdock is survived by his widow
Mrs. Martha Santmiers Murdock
and two sons, John and Byron Muir
dock, both of woodstock; a brother
William Murdock, Webster City
Iowa, and a sister, Mrs. May Prem
tiss of California.
Evening star., 1948-02-21
Mrs. Aida Richards, Is,
Dies in Minneapolis

Mrs. Aida Beardsley Richards,
rs, widow of C. R. Richards, presi-
dent emeritus Of Lehigh University,
and mother of Robert w. Richards
of Alexandria, died yesterday in
Minneapolis, according to word re-
ceived here.
Mr.. Richards, who lives at 1909
Mount Eagle place, Alexandria, is
chief of the Washington Bureau Of
Copley Press, Inc. Other survivors
include a daughter, Miss Lenore
Richards of Minneapolis, two grand
daughters, Jeane and Susan Rich
ards, and two sisters.
Evening star., 1948-02-21
lpathH

,r4 ADhs Is Sas E. Ssa sa Taasass FsS o
H1Es. beloved wife Of Harry AIDES and de-
Bernard AIDES Of New YORK. Mrs: Helen
LASER; Mrs; Pat Eorins q Baltimore Md, Nd
Ra 1v.d ssmgRS bg sRo bTors Adsi she Soseps s0 Levin
Baitimore, Nd, and Mischa Levin Of Cali:
fornia, and one. sister, Mrs; Bertha Frankel
Eutaw pl., Baltimore, Nd, on sunday
Ess5asryz e. At cemsEery sn seTvess Bay
Bernard Danzansky g. Son. 81
BANKS, ANNIE. On Thursday. February
10, 194s, ANNIE BANKS, mother Of Julia
Colbert, Dorothy and Helen Banks, l;..s Annie is
s nd GLADYS She Banss aso IS sna ssssi 81
children and many other relatives and
m.g Iaspds Can AtsF At sa'q5ea' ssnai
from Mount Airy Baptist church Monday,
SaaEz Memoas e a
Mavan 81 Schey.
BELL, EVELYN. On Friday February
BELL. BHGE;1 Beloved wife q Lloyd Bel, daughter
q, %othsr II cynthis @ hnq rice ' n Surviving
are two sisters. celena washington niiso an and
three stepsisters. Georsia Smith, Mary
Middleton and Edna Green; grandfather
pd william rt and otbss
feiatives ats; "nd' and friends, After pm. Mon
day. February 23 friends may call at he her
neral services at the above residence on
lowed BY high requiem mass at Our Lady
Mount oiivet Cemetery. Arrangements BY
Rollins Funeral Home. %
BERRIES, LORRAINE A. Suddenly, on
ThuTsday; February 1e; l94s' LORRAINE
and Wilheime ma BerIss;s Funeral from her
Mosdsy, February Is. a s:$o am; thence
ss s, offered e. 10 am, 1nterment MSsnt ssg
BOSWELL, KATIE E. On Thursday,
February 49, l948. KATIE e. BOSWELL,
sq e eFs Fl E1sse H Vans at sad s
srsi' fsnersl Home. 81 11th St. Sc, on Mon,
day, February %, at $50 am Mass at
inss!nsns sn LeadoR H' FaTE Cemetery, Rs5jtf Il
ruars r. is4s fsA An
2ys S d 6Nsld f l. Rss RTeF o
Pa; Morton Bresler. Mrs. Claire B. Lon
don and Miss Arlene Bresler, all of Wash
SroSers Morris sc sese asS Z! so1 Joseph
Ter and B. Richard Bresler, and one sister,
b sss sFvess sptsn' sns nerment M Of s ).
n moaFnns 81 g. s1oy Snca sFd S. e0Tuery na A.
rangements by the Goldberg Funeral Home
philadelphia papers please copyD 21
BRoCKENBERRY, ROSA. On wednes-
day; February. 1s. 194s; Ct her 5esIdenss
Masase n9as f 5Hs kx Msry ana Ros
era sPsndeHIiaren. four I
Brockenherry may be viewed at the above
MosssS rsbsg.ry II an At spnaay ,lom tbs
First Baptist Church, Rosslyn, Va. serv.
ices by Stewart. 19,21,22
BROWN, RoYsToN. Departed this life
suddenly, on Saturday February 21, 1948
at his residence. Alexandria, Va. ROY
STON BROWN, beloved husband Of Mrs
Georganna Brown, son Of Mrs. Pearl Shep-
Pauline Mcintosh, Mrs. Maize Harris. Mrs
Lucy Galloway, Mrs. Mildred Sewell. Mrs
Louise Conner and MRS. Hilda Lee. He
also is. survived by. other relatives and
many tiends Netce sS oSn Gf funeral brs Later
Co. Funeral Home, 221 North Patrick St,
Alexandria, Va. 22
sUoNvIRI sAXERIo On THURSDAY
pitsl sAvER1o 9's3i BGoNv1RI Of sss sfth
st., ne, the beloved husband Of Con.
eetta Buonyiri and father OF Dominic
coova anS mrs sda Anna ens MRS RSss
Vammino. Mrs. Mary Osborne and Mrs
Lena Parker. Funeral from the above
residence on Monday, February. 90. al
At Holy Rosary 9 chureh e 1nteTment eTn m Noun,
Olivet Cemetery. Relatives and friends
are invited. 20
Evening star., 1948-02-21
Gen. WheeIer's Mother
Dies in Peoria Hospital
BY the Associated Press

PEORIA, Ill, Feb. 21.-Mrs. Mar
garet Maple Wheeler, 86, mother OF
1t. Gen. Raymond A. Wheeler OF
Washington, chief of the Army
Engineers Corps, died last night in
Peoria hospital.
Mrs. Wheeler had been in the
hospital since February 8 with heart
disease and was placed in an oxygen
tent Thursday.
Evening star., 1948-02-21
New Sailor CoveroH
Has Hood That Acts
As Life Preserver
BY the Assoeiofed Press

The Navy has developed a
sailor suit with a built-in life
preserver.
The garment is intended for
submarine men who have to
stand topside watch in rough
weather.
It consists of coverali with
an attached hood extending to
the waist. The hood can be
inflated to keep the wearer
af1oat.
Capt. T, L. Willmon told a
meeting of scientists at the
Office of naval research the
suit will be tested thoroughly
this fall.
Evening star., 1948-02-21
DrathH
WARREN, GEORGE (DEACoN).

WARREN, GEORGE DEACON. De-
Psrtfq Ps fa4s this aHoRSE rs 81 w
Of Mrs.~Nettie K. warren. He also leaves
two sons. William and Harry Warren; four
daughters, Mrs. Edith Brown, Mrs; Addie
Dudley Mrs Rosie Adsms and Mrs
and Reginald Robinson; many other rela-
tive and friends to mourn. his passing. Rel
ative and friends may call at his late resi-
dence after 5 pm. Saturday, February n.
PM, I.t at At the Zion BAPTIST Church, Hin Top,
Charles County, Md, Rev. George Richard
son oficiating. Interment church ceme..
terry. Arrangements by Montgomery Bros
Funeral Home, 913 Florida ave. NV.
wILKERsoN. NORMAN r. On Wednes-
%zkEssos vii ssSsrs Of 1s74 T. 1sas easDn NkAN
Of octavie Wilkerson, husband Of Anna B.
Wilkerson. father Of Mrs. Mary Jane Perry
and Norman Wl5ersSn, IT,; erothes fs
IN Sssaaz ziassSa National
terry. 23
WRAY, WILLIAM O. On Friday, Feb
1905 North Capitol ST., son Of Alex Wray.
dsushters d. fiSH one brother. one one sister and
other relatives and friends. Remains rest
ing with L. e. Murray & Son. 1887 10th st.
NV. Funeral notice later. :,
YOUNG, ANNIE MAE. On Friday, Feb;
ruary 20, 194s, ANNIE MAE YOUNG Of
1874 Clay ST. she am N snd Dy
Barker; five sisters, Ruth Booker Katie
Mizell, Edna Coleman. Esther Miles and
Alice Barbray, and other relatives and
friends. Remains, resting with l.; =
Evening star., 1948-02-21
Slayer of Bobby Soxer
Dies Denying Crime

BY the Assoeioted Press

SAN QUENTIN. Calf, Feb. I'll
Thomas H. McMonigle yesterday
handed the warden a note deny
ing he killed a bobby soxer, then
paid for his life for the crime.
White faced and CLASSY eyed, the
37-year-old exconvict had to be
helped to the penitentiary's gas
chamber, to which the State Of Cali
fornia condemned him for the sex
killing of Thora Chamberlain, Is.
McMonigle had served nine years
in Illinois for attacking an elderly
woman.
Evening star., 1948-02-21
Uarn nf Uhanka

DAVENPORT, JOHN HULFE. The wife
and sister of the late JOHN HULFE
DAVENPORT. wish to thank both relatives
and friends for their kind and thoughtful
expressions of sympathy.
MRS. LILLIAN p. DAVENPORT, MRS.
IEOTA SMITH
Evening star., 1948-02-21
Arlington Services Set
For James W. Dorsey

Funeral services for James Wal
ters Dorsey, so, OF l30 North Edge
wood street, Arlington, who died
yesterday, will be held at 10 am
Evening star., 1948-02-21

COPPER, BERNARD F. In sad but low
ing remembrance of our dear father and
Grandfather, BERNARD F. COPPER, who
departed this life twelve years ago today,
February 81, 1886.
Until memory fades and life departs,
He will live forever in our hearts.
HIS DEVOTED DAUGHTERS, MYRTLE e,
MILLER AND DOROTHY r. RALEY.
AND GRANDCHILDREN, LESLIE AND
BETTE MILLER,
Evening star., 1948-02-21

Lodge, No. Is. B. P. o. Elks,
/ will convene in session Of sor-
row at $50 pm. Saturday,
February 81. 194S, to. pay trib-
4 ute to the memory of our late
y brother, FRANCIS E. PHELPS,
enrolled May = 6. 1895; died
Evening star., 1948-04-25

made few notes. And from then on said you kept
cimbing?"
Roughly was pretty busy Too busy think about the
grandathers clock Then made few good sales and de-
cded was time moved out of the city the country
where could find the sort of wanted to paint
laughed about it. told Hda we'd get place where she
wouldn't have to hide her grandathers clock any more
had my dream and she could have hers So went into the
hall and drew back the curtains This like unveing
l said
L HE smile broadened Paul Worths face and suddenly
l knew what coming
The clock" said. 1T wasn't there was it?"
NO turned to Hlda, and she looked apologetic"
I sold the clock, Paul. she said
"When?' asked.
Just after you decided to quit and take the other job
What did you do with the painting of the Palisades?
The one you said you sold in Philadelphia?
It's packed away in the bottom of the trunk Hida sad
She looked though she thought might hit her.
You're not angry with you, Paul? knew you had
it in All you needed the break. and little backlog
to give you confidence"
Paul Worth's grin grew bit twisted Women he said
wyly How many of would be successful without them?
say all too few and you write that in your inter-
view!'
did, The End
Evening star., 1948-04-25

Il said Because I've just realized my ambitions are like
that gandfahers clock of yours. You cling it the way
cling to dream of being great artist because everybody
in little rut has to have pitul thing hang
Otherwise there's no hope of anything better.
Hlda said, But you've done some good work. Paul. Why
don't you try to sell of your paintings? All you
need is break
my paintings full of the mems shoe technique
Nobody would buy them
"I hate see you give up Hida said We can take it.
if you can
That's the trouble said. I can't take it any more
I'm not getting anywhere and it's time my
Tomorrow I'm going to your father about that job ."
PAUL WORTH fingered his glass; That day stood at the
crossroads where thousands of others looked
at the signs pointing different ways He chucked ironically
Il didn't want to cry just felt grim and determined 1t
Hda who cried
so quit gave up my dream and told Hilda to draw
the curtains in front of the grandathers clock We wouldn't
need any straws to cling to from on
said, But you started again, Mr.. Worth"
Yes month after started working the import Office
l came home to find Hlda waiting for at the door. She
very excited
Look! she said
"She held little bank book and took it and saw
where entry had been made The entry for three
hundred and fifty dollars
What's this? asked her.
It's yours Paul. Hida said = shouldn't have done
member that you did of the Palisades just up from
Yonkers?
I nodded wondering what it had to do with our bank
account
81 sent it to a dealer in Philadelphia, Hilda said. He
sold it.
For three hundred and fifty? gasped
Yes
GOOD Lord!
1--we been thinking, T1ilda said. With this behind u.s.
why don't 60 up Connecticut and get little shack
away in the woods somewhere? You could paint unds
tubed for couple of months and maybe you'd get some
where
Paul Worth smiling to himself Women" he said
They're incredibly naive, and much than
are"
Did you go?' asked
"Of course went. spent months in the Connecticut
woods and back with four pretty good colors
and bunch of junk sold the four not for three hundred
and fifty dollars but did all right got seventyve for
of the and fifty apiece for the others. 1t start
BY Ray Darby
illustrated by Rem Wicks
Evening star., 1948-04-25

A Shon Short Story
T HAD to interview Paul WORTH the artist and wasn't
looking forward to it. I'd interviewed plenty of these big
personalities They hand you line of baoney about their
early days the profession how they started
little place called Doodad Iowa. and struggled struggled
and struggled until you know-they fought their way to
the top Good publicity stuff, you understand. Nobody
wants to hand the credit to somebody ese where really
belongs, nine out of ten Specially to woman
Paul Worth was having exhibition of his coors
Rockefeller Center so invited him the Toot
Shor's We ordered martins.
Il can tell you two things Paul Worth said Il can tell
you the day quit and tell you the day began in that
order woman was responsible, both times. My wife,
looked at him with interest. Paul Worth tall
and slender with hair svered the temples and long, mobile
fingers He famous for his oils and water coors of Amer
I'd just price tag thousand dollars
a cornfed in his exhibit.
Il drawing Shoes" he went on jabbng refectively
at the pale olive his glass. Mems shoes drew white
shoes and black shoes and sport shoes and sandals and hunt
ing boots and business oxords and huaraches drew shoes
for five and half days week, and plenty of nights too
worked in little twoby four cubbyhole in an engraving
place. with green eyeshade eyes My shoes eniv
ened the pages of mail-order catalogues"
This time you quit, prompted him. Was it because
you got sick of shoes?'
No., he said mot exactly. just got sick of working day
and night for peanuts, and living in grubby little fiat
Twentythird Street 1t wasn't much of life for Hlda and
Roger
RAISED my eyebrows, and he explained MY wife and
youngster. got married young" He slipped his drink Il
suppose you could frustrated psychologist would
give it longer For escape Id take the subway to
Yonkers Sunday paint trees and fields and dream
about being great artist"
There's some nice country out that way, said.
Paul Worth agreed Eyes, but couldn't do it Justice.
didn't have the time could that he reaching the
fingers of his mind back the past sorting the
ries there 1T the clock that did it. Hldas clock 1t
stood in acove in hallway 1t was great ornate
andfahers clock the only good piece of furniture had
took good look at it one day. and called Hida
I'm going take that job your father offered me- said
make enough money importers office get us
decent place to live and buy you dresses and give Roger
little fresh air.
Ilda just looked at Why you quitting, Paul?'
Evening star., 1948-10-27
Lincoln Memorial
Sd Most Popular
Public Attraction

The Lincoln Memorial here ranks
third on the list of the Nations
greatest public recreational attrac-
tions, according to the National
Park Service.
Lake Texoma, in Texas and Okla
homa. and Lake Mead, in Arizona
and Nevada, are the greatest tourist
magnets. the park service said. Both
are artificial lakes.
Newton B. Drury, park service di-
rector, said there were 29,608,3l8
visitors to the areas in his charge
during the travel year ended Sep
tember 80. Lake Texoma Recre-
ational Area drew 2,397,508; Lake
Mead Recreational Area, 1907, ,422,
and the Lincoln Memorial 1904, ,671.
Also among the leaders in tourist
attractions was Blue Ridge Parkway,
in Virginia and North Carolina, with
a count of 1883 200.
Evening star., 1948-10-27

equivalent % physical mcapacity.
The annulment suit was uncon-
tested by Mrs. Alice Aruta, who now
lives in New York, according to the
suit. Mr.. and Mrs. Aruta were mar
ried in 1910, and last lived together
Evening star., 1948-10-27
Photographer Is Granted
Unconfesied AnnuImenf

John Attilio Aruta, yO5 Webster
street NV, a commercial photog-
rapher, yesterday was granted q
marriage annulment in District
Court on the ground that his wife
was psychologically incapacitated
for marriage and that the marriage
was never consummated.
The annulment was granted by
Judge Edward A. Tamm. Doctors
testified psychological incapacity is
Evening star., 1948-10-27

California Is first among the
States in irrigated areas with "a
per cent Of the national total.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-04-07
Baptsts to Honor
Famed Pastor

NASHVILLE, April Z. (ANP)
Ministers of the National Bap-
fist convention throughout the ma
ton will honor DR.. D. V. Jemi-
son, eight years president of the
National Baptist convention, 81
years president of the Alabama
convention and 43 years pastor of
Tabernacle Baptist church, Slma,
Ala, on his 18th birthday,
April 81.
Member pastors of the national
group will send him $3.50 each,
a dime for each year of his life,
in honor of his work.
His accomplishments include the
building and paying for a $4,000
church for Tabernacle Baptist,
raising of more than 100000 a
year to support Selma university
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-04-07

nENE+~
Holmes, William Moore, Johnny
Juliano and the accompanist is
George Vassos.
The group is sponsored by a
long list of patrons and patro-
nesses spread all over the globe.
Dayton has indeed fortunate in
having heard this democratically
organzide choral group; we hope
they will have occasion to return
again soon, so that those who
missed their splendid singing will
have an opportunity to hear them.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-04-07
and constructing buildings on the
campus orth 100000.

CurQTe-
Concluded from page II
Curare is non-explosive, and
this property combined with its
effectiveness in slowing down
breathing, brings a greater safety
to operationsw thin the chest.
1t permits surgeons free use OF
the electric cautery, and instru-
ment which sears tissues and coag-
ulates blood as it cults. minimiz-
ing blood loss. The use of the hot
knife makes long and difficult
operations, faster and easier.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-04-07

Plan to
CONTINUED frvm page -
expressed his belief that the other
half of the bargain could be
worked out.
Pointing out that the two Ne
gro medical schools are already
filled to capacity and that there
are such few white medical schools
which will accommodate Negro
students, a reporter asked what
could be done to remedy this sit
uation.
The administrator replied that
the agency will insist on non-seg-
regation in all medical schools.
Aside from Meharry and Howard,
there are "a other medical schools
in the United States, and the adj
ministrator said he believed each
of them would be willing to adj
nit one or two Negro students
annually, except possibly those To-
Gated in the south. There are at
present sc Negro students enrolled
in medical schools aside from the
two Negro schools.
MI. Ewing has been the spark
plug in seeing that facilities at
Gallinger hospital would be made
available to medical students and
internes of Howard.
The subcommittee Of the "util-
ization of facilities Of Gallinger
hospital by Howard university
medical school" in a meeting last
week unanimously adopted plan
for procedure. This report will
be presented to the district COM
missioners for their approval at
a very early date.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-04-07
Reveal

keUedl-
concluded from page ID
eliminated against in 27.5 per cent
of the jobs, and Jews in 1.5 per
cent. An average qualified Ne
gro earns 57.5 per cent less and
a Jew, 1.5 per cent less than a
white Gentle with the same quail
fications.
Education was about equal.
Children were sent to schools
nearer their homes. Of the city's
Is public schools one had no Ne
groes and another rs per cent
colored. The quality of instruction
at all the schools was considered
about the same.
In the survey of public serv-
ices, it was learned that half OF
the restaurants did not serve Ne
groes, and three hotels refused
them. Interviews with 10 of the
towns 60 doctors revealed that
eight did not discriminate, one
practiced segregation, and one
would not accept them as patients.
The study was made by what
is called a self survey system. This
method, DIR. Alfred J. Marrow,
chairman of the commission on
intercommunity relations, said was
developed to help lay persons
study for themselves.
In the Northtown survey, one
professional, Miss Margot Haas, a
director provided by the commits
sion, worked with 16 representa-
tive groups of the town, including
such groups as the junior league,
the chamber of commerce, the
ministers association and labor
groups. A hundred families we're
interviewed by 70 volunteers.
Although they were not study
ing attitudes of one group toward
another, interviewers found hat
intergroup relations were good.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-04-07
Prof. Herman

EfOT. herman"
Concluded from page p
will prove his love for you, and
make you a good mate as well.
D. H. B. My marriage is not go
ing along well, what seems to be
the matter?
A. Concentrating upon your
question l find that in your case,
one thing has lead to another un-
til it has become quite a large mat
ter. But there is still time to get
things Strengthened out and peace
restored in your home. / would
be glad to aid you in this matter,
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-04-07
Male Chorus

Male Chorus
Concluded from page ~
Guiding compositions by Bach and
Handel, American folk songs and
popular se~mi-classics and Negro
spirituals. Soldiers are James
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-04-07

if you will kindly write in for a
private reply.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-03-26
JEWS IN
SPORTS
By Haskell Cohen, JTA

to Farbman, do you think you
can make the foul shot?" Farb-
man looked at Holman with dis
dain and answered, "Of course, I
can make the shot," So saying
the Lavender flash walked to the
line and calmly dropped the ball
through the hoop.
At the New York Basketball
Writers weekly luncheon a few
days before the City-N.Y.U. scrap,
Cam was asked to speak concern
ing the game. Howard told the
gathering how he and Holman
played together on the High
School of Commerce team in 1912.
It seemed that Cam was the ath-
letic hero of the school. He had
starred in football but an injury
made it necessary for him to re-
port late for basketball. BY the
time he got OH the team the
squad was well set. But due to
his brilliance Cam forced his way
onto the first five. He noticed
in the first game that he played
he was getting away from his
man and was free, but the boys
wouldn't pass to him. The other
fellows were passing to Holman.
Looking at Nat, Cam said, "You
didn't pass me the ball in those
days and held it out on me. Now
for goodness sakes when our teams
meet this week make sure you
pass that ball back to me-"
A reporter sitting next to Cam
was surprised to learn that he
had played on the same team with
Holman. He asked, did Hol-
man really play on the team with
your" Cam graclously replied,
did Nat play with me? No. I
played with Holman"
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-03-26

This is the time of the year that
New York sport fans go gaga over
the seasonal basketball tourna-
nents held in Madison Square
Garden. Three major Journeys and
charity game between two all
star teams will hold the footlight
the remainder of the month. By
the time the baseball season makes
its entrance our Olympic hoop
squad will have been selected.
In the final regular game of the
season City College vanquished the
highly touted N:Y.U. five. How
ard Cam, likeable coach of the
Violet squad, told us an amusing
tale that transpired while the two
teams were battling it out on the
court. The fans cannot hear the
whispered counsel given by the
hoop coaches to their minions, but,
believe us, the mentors are talk
ing to their charges all the time,
rule or no rule barring coaching
from the sidelines.
According to Cam, Farbman,
City College center, was fouled
by New York U. player late in
the game. AS the referee walked
to the foul line with the ball, Nat
Holman, City coach, hammered
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-03-26
Savannah, Georgia
GOV. LEHMAN'S
10Th BIRTHDAY

A quiet, stocky man came to
Washington in December of 1912,
when the attention of the entire
nation was focused on the battles
in Europe and the Pacific, to blue
print a plan for postwar aid for
the victims of the global con-
flict.
In small one-room office,
which was eventually to blossom
into a worldwide network of in
stallations, Herbert Henry Leh-
man began to map the program
which saved millions of people
from death in the critical years
Immediately following the end of
the war.