davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-01-25

explored but 1t is known to be rich
in byproducts, burns freely as fuel
and has a multiplicity of possible
commercial uses. Present retorts
with capacity chambers of 40 tons
cook" single patches of shale and
vaporize it into oil. A plant is being
developed which will make the
cooking of the shale and disposal
Of waste a continuous process. This
will be in operation by next sum-
mer, it is hoped. Actual refining of
the crude shale oil on large scale
also will begin then. The original
authorization for a flve-year plan
runs out in 1949 but bill Is in Con-
gress to extend the experiments
another three years.
Safer Than Coal Mines
The most impressive phase of the
Rifle operation is that of the large
mine, or underground quarry. Huge
electric shovels have long since dis
appeared into the giant entrance
way of this mine where large-scale
production is being obtained and a
careful check is kept of the cost.
The band Of shale being worked is
70 feet thick and drifts away in
terminably into the tough-cored
mountain OF OIL" A monthly aver
age shale production of rs tons per
man shift was attained some time
ago. This is five times the average
in a coal mine. It is hoped, next
year, to reach a production Of 5000
tons daily and this would raise the
shift output from 40 to
so tons.
Two parallel entries have been
advanced a total of $40 feet with
140 feet Of the lower entry remain
ing to be run. The portal openings
measure 18 by 26 feet. A new drill
carriage and special tungsten-car-
bide faced bits are in use. Drills
and cutting machines employed in
coal mining cannot be used in oil
shale because the shale is tougher
The strength and toughness of the
shale makes it possible to work in
vast rooms of great height without
fear of collapse and much less steel
is used than in mining coal. The
shovels work on two benches in the
70-foot high quarry, depositing the
shale in trucks after it has been
blasted free from the benches as
they are moved back into the mine.
Working hazards are not as nu-
merous or as acute as in coal min
ing. Oil shales do not liberate me-
thane or explosive gas and large
expanses of roof may be exposed
without caving.
A 10000 barrel-a-day plant at
Rifle would require about $4,000
tons of shale daily. A 2-square-
mile operation would run for about
rs years.
Evening star., 1948-01-25

After all, she is
the only woman
ever to attain
cabinet rank. She
kept her Secre-
tary of Labor
post longer than
any other prede-
cessor (12 years..
She was a sue
cessful and prac-
tical social worker
in New York and
h cid important
State labor posts
from 1912 to 1888.
She wrote a labor
column which ap-
peared in 1,1o0
labor publications.
She is an author
THE Roosevelt
I Knew" has been
translated into 5
languages.
Isn't she about
I- - ~,1ifO
Evening star., 1948-01-25

up 1 was always
asked to help out.
"One day a girl
got h er hand
c a u ght in a
honey - dripping
machine (sinilar
to a punch press.)
She was only IA.
Her hand had to
be amputated well
above the wrist.
Imagine! Only
ID!
Naturally, I
thought her en-
ployer would take
care of her, pay
her doctors bills.
or at least part of
them, and give
her some kind of
support until she
could get back on
a job.
But, oh, no, not
- IN IT.
Evening star., 1948-01-25

"Why, certainly not" she told me.
slightly outraged at the thought.
why should I stop working? I'm
perfectly healthy, I can think as
clearly as I ever could and can
perform a service.
IT love my work, my contacts with
people, the responsibilities I have
to meet and the obligations I must
fulfill.
stop working? You know, I don't
think I'll stop until die"
Her career as Labor secrd larry was
Evening star., 1948-01-25
Henry
Continued From Page C-1.)

for ratification by its Parliament an
agreement on construction of an
American-financed oil pipe line from
Saudi Arabia to the Mediterranean
was a clear indication Of how re-
taliation may develop.
The United States Government
has officially approved this project
and granted permits for export of
the necessary steel, the basic justifl-
cation being that pipe line transport
is the only economic means of NOV
ing the required great quantities of
oil into Europe in implementing the
European Recovery Program. Tanker
haul from Arabia Is considered too
slow and too costly and tankers are
not believed available in sufficient
number.
Middle East government spokes-
men have indicated, however, that
if from now on the United States
Government remains neutral in the
threatened conflict over partition,
or acts only as required of 1t as a
member of the United Nations, there
still would be no retaliation against
American political or commercial
interests.
If, on the other hand, this Gov
eminent should act unilaterally to
provide funds, munitions or troops
for Zionist combat against Arabs,
intelligence analysts here fprsee the
following possibilities:
/. American schools and institu-
tions, for many years influential
and valuable in the Middle East,
will be forced to close.
2. American commercial conces-
sions, principally oil and aviation,
will be Cancelled, evacuation of their
personnel forced and destruction
of some or all of their property
likely.
3. The United States would be de-
prived of strategic military and
naval privileges in the entire area
from Turkey to Pakistan.
Oil Interests Important
New and authoritative emphasis
on the Importance to us of Ameri-
can interests in the Middle East,
particularly oil, was furnished last
week by Secretary of Defense For
restal before a House Armed Serv-
ices subcommittee. Mr.. Forrestal
advised the committee that the Mid
die East oil concessions and the net
work of pipe lines, already in
existence or contemplated, were of
special importance now both for
supply of our own armed forces and
as sources for European needs under
the pending recovery program.
There is no question, he acknowl-
edged under questioning by Subcom-
mittee Chairman Short of Missouri,
that the United Nations decision on
Palestine has jeopardized the secur-
ity of these interests.
While the remarks of President
Truman at a press conference ten
days ago that he does not think
American troops will go to Palestine,
has eased that possibility somewhat,
it is no secret that pressure is still
being exercised to gain further
American commitments.
On the sidelines, meanwhile, So
Wet Russia stands ready and more
than willing to move troops into
Palestine, either unilaterally or as
part of a United Nations force.
Soviet aspirations for penetration of
the Middle East, already well known,
were revealed anew last week in the
publication by the State Department
of Russo-German exchanges be-
tween 1899 and 1941. If by any
means a Soviet foothold. were once
established in the Middle East there
is no doubt that it would be diff
cult If not impossible to dislodge St.
Evening star., 1948-01-25

tween management and labor OF the
type she subsequently evolved.
She tells an illustrative story:
Tuesday and Thursday evenings
7 spent at girls club in Boston.
"I helped them learn how to knit
and sew and taught them games
and that kind of thing, you know.
well, I got pretty familiar with
my girls and whenever a crisis came
Evening star., 1948-01-25

volume many deposits producing
natural crude oil One and one half
tons of shale will make Q barrel Of
oil compared to 065 tons Of coal.
But shale is more easily mined.
The general deposits Of which
those at Rife are part are known
as the Green River deposits. Richest
assays of the shale run TO gallons to
the ton for thicknesses Of 4 or 5
feet. Leaner shale beds are as much
as 1900 feet thick. Colorado's de-
posits are about 10 times as thick
as those Of wyoming and twice as
thick as those of Utah. About four
million years ago the deposits were
formed by the micro-organisms that
inhabited vast inland seas, and
since have been raised to great
height by mountain building forces.
Pieces of this fine-grained sedi-
mentary rock can be ignited with
a match and will burn with a sooty
flame and an odor similar to petro-
leum.
Patent Dates to 1894
Pioneering work in oil shale
processing was done in Europe as
far back as 1894 when patent was
given to distill "oyle from . kind
of stone" The United Kingdom,
France, Estonia, Australia, Ger
many, Manchuria and Russia have
all experimental with the process
ing and operated oil shale plants
In World War II Germany was
processing about $500 tons OF shale
daily, but 1t was "too little and toe
late"
Oil shale reserves Of the United
States are estimated to contain IA
billion barrels of oil, Of which 81
billion barrels are said to be recover
able. Some 80 per cent Of this vast
store lies in the Green River forma-
ton shales of three Rocky Mountain
States. Western Colorado leads with
48 million barrels.
Synthetic fuels research thus is
being speeded on its way with all
types of materials from coal and
shale to corn cobs and other agri-
cultural wastes. Coal Is by far the
most promising source because of
the magnitude of deposits-esti-
mated at three trillion tons. This
is far and away more reserve in
mass than the deposits Of oil shale
and natural gas, but the scientists
are we'll aware that nowhere in the
world exist such vast deposits OF
oil shale as are found in the United
States.
When worst comes to worst and
the price of petroleum products gets
high enough to make synthetic fuels
competitive, motorists may discover
that their cars have "rocks in their
gas tanks"
Evening star., 1948-01-25
By Representative RoIph W. Quinn

States ONCE Of Education ebaTng upon pfopa
the promotion of zeal for American IN
schools and colleges this campaign? Is it
should the Federal and
gandze implications Of this enterprise?
United commissioner Of education
Evening star., 1948-01-25
Labor Hopes to Gust Foes
With 65 Million Ballots
Union Leaders Threaten to Spend Huge Sums
to Reward Their Political Friends
in This Years Elections
By Roymond P. Brondt

With directly stake than previous political campaign
organized labor threatening spend millions Of dollars
national State primaries and elections reward their
friends punish their enemies The primary objective will repeal
Taft-Harty labor relations comparable State statutes
actually be raised question The
Evening star., 1948-01-25
Freedom Point Raised
On L. S. Education Plan
House Committee Member From New York
Questions Advisability of Government
Interfering in Schools

Editors note Representative Quinn OF Neu York Is
Der OF the House Education Committee and chairman OF OF Its
subcoitees president OF the International Council
Religious Education trustee OF De Pauw University and former
president of the Board OF Education In his home too OF Bror-
In the fong he takes issue ith the subject matter
The Sunday Star seruced through
the Associated Press ten by Dr. John w. Studeoake United
States commissioner OF educatonJ
Evening star., 1948-01-25

Taft Hartley law stipulates that
unions, as vuions, may not con-
tribute or expend funds in q ma
ticnal political campaign. Funds
will be raised from union members
on q strictly voluntary basis and
will be distributed by national and
local political organizations designed
to be legally separated from the
trade union organizations but &C
tually in most instances having the
same leadership. This is somewhat
like the business practice Of having
interlocking or identical director
ships to permit subsidiary to do
what is legally forbidden to the par
ent corporation.
An Election Lesson
A political war chest Of $1s,00o,-
600 has sometimes been mentioned
as the total campaign fund sought
by the organized labor leaders. This
calculation is based on the assump-
ton that there are 100000 trade
union members and each will con-
tribute q dollar to his own organi-
zation. In addition, some writer's
have noted, the AFL convention au-
thorized in October expenditures up
to 100000 for emergencies" :"
In March, 1916, the 'CIO announced
that it would raise campaign
chest of $6.000,oo0 for the con-
gressional and local campaigns OF
that year. In January, 1947, the
CIO-PAC reported to Congress that
it had received $277,s44 in contri-
buttons and had actually spent
s44s, ,os5. For the 1914 presidential
and congressional campaigns the
CIO reported expenditures Of ST.
327,774.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-11-27
Or. Cobb Speaks
On Health Horizons

Speaking 10 an audience Of
about three hundred persons as
sembled at Second Baptist
Church Sunday night Nov. al.
in the theme, Health Horizons
for thu Negro" DR.. W. Montague
Cobb, professor Of Anatomy, !
Howard University Msdical
School. Washington, d. C., de-
clared that the United States
needs q national health program
and health facilities should be,
made available to all in need,
regardless 10 where they may.
live or their ability TO pay.
To-day the average life Of
Americans 10 81 years. nearly
doubled" said DR.. Cobb In the
lssf 80 years. due 10 the adj
vnncsmenf of science. but ne
Negro has Jagged about ten
years behind the avernge :
whites. making his iiSs span
about 81 years"
In citing our major problems,
in the area Of health DR.. Cobb.
declared: The greatest need To-.
day n the ability 10 put health.
care AZ the hands Of people n
the remote rural sections Of this
country.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-11-27
Eastern Stars

Sunday, Nov 81, at 275 Ferry,
sixty-eight candidates were Civ
en- the Amaranth Degree by the
Grand Amaranth Court o. E. S.
Prince Hall Affiliation.
The meeting was presided over
by Honored Leah Martin, Grand
Royal Matron. and Sir knight
George Burdette. Grand Royal
Patron. Other grand officers OF
the court are Honored Ladies':
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-11-27

members from various chapters
over the state were in attend
ance.
Some Of the grand officers of
the Grand Chapter o. Z. S.
present were Grand Worthy Ma
iron Mary Booker, Grand Wor-
thy Patron V. A. Bristol. Past
Grand Worthy Matron Bessie
Starks, G.. w. A. Matron Myrtle
Banks, G.. w. A. Patron Devc'|
Holley, C. w. M. Directress Mar
tina Brandon. G. w, Treasurer
Beatrice Flemmings, and others.
Presentations were made by
II. L. Leah Martin, G. r. NJ, and
10 her.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-11-27

Elizabeth Nolen. G. R. A. M.
Ollie Mintor, G.. r. T.. Viola
Perry. G. r. F. S, Katherine
Bass. G. r. A. S., Mary Crutch-
field c. r. c., Maize Johnson.
G. r. A. C.. Hattie johnson, G.
r. W.. Gladys Risker, G. r..
Herald, Hazel Brown, G.. r.
Truth, Lutella Calvert, G. r.
Faith, Rosa Murphy, G.. r. Wis
dom. Nancy White. G.. r Cha
rity, Alma Craig, G.. R. NJ. in the
f.. Rosa Bowles. G.. r. NJ. in
the W. Irene Williams G. r.
Orgsnist, and Sir Knights George
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-11-27

The venture with local talent
was entitled "A Day With Ma
dame" with Mrs. Fanny Taylor,
lovely member Of the Les Mo-
delles Club in the title role.
Her appearances formed the con-
tinuity for the fun and fancy
filled show with scenes set for
morning hours, daytime shop
ping, dinner and cocktail scenes,
with a ball scene as the finale.
Esch of Madame's costumes,
exquisite in fabric and design,
were fashioned by Myra An
derson. Also creating a sensation
upon her appearances were the
couture adaptations which we're
created by Josephine Ivy, hair
stylist.
Attending Madame in the
gamut OF activities was her
French maid, Fiji" Adeline
Jordan. petite member of the
Synovadad Business and Profess
sional Girls Club.
DANCE SEQUENCES
The dances in the presentation
were especially good. with Mrs.
Lorraine Jones as director. They
interpreted the theme for each
scene of the show beginning
with Madame's awakening with
Eddie Brooks as Might" Gwen
odlyn Simmons as Dawn" and
Walker King as the Sun" Car
rying out the idea OF the break
fast scene were Dorothy Grimes
as Brazil, Dolores Brown. Mex
leo: Mary Goodin, Hawaii; and
Gonzella Bailey. whose captiv-
waiting Fruit Basket" dance was
typical of the Latin art.
More dancers enacted an un-
usual skating scene for the day
time scene. James Hendricks
Prince Walker, Alonzo Hen
bricks. and Lloyd Watson glided
about the floor plAl9pe graceful
swirls with StehssHpVh1d, Ca
roi Benford. and Dolores Stat
ford. who carried the comic in
p 1sEssf IN sas MT
Lovely Gwendolyn Jones, Wv
ian NOVEL;. Beverly Evans and
jeanette Owens appeared In
scanty costumes representing
''Masque" and Ballet" perfumes
which they sprayed into the air.
As the perfume waited over
the setting, a French sequence
was presented with Nellie Lewis
and Robert Hardy. Apache dan
GERS as the stellar attractions.
Robert introduced the scene by
singing "Mamselle" and "Hoorey
for Love" Dancing a snappy
version Of the Can-Can were
Edna Corine and Dorothy De
Bro. and Nellie Brown. They
drew much applause as they
twirled. kicked and bowed in
brief costumes OF black taffeta
with wide skirts underlined with
net ruffles. matching their ruff
fled panties.
Concluding dance routines were
an unusually fine performance
Of an Arabian dance by Connie
Washington and Eddie Brooks.
dance in the modern idiom by
Dolores Stafford and Gwen Sim
mons. and smashing tap rou-
tine by William Jones and John
Gibbs.
STYLES
Several fashionable young
women appeared in the shopping
scene wearing original creations
by outstanding designers Of De-
troit and the fashion capital,
New York. Modelling attire for
sport, casual. date dresses and
evening attire were Eileen Ben
nett. Anne Jones. Nancy Stone.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-11-27

NANRNAa - &ANAAAAe 80
kins. Mickie Rutherford, Juanita
Clark, Edna Goolsby, Bridget
Watkins, Dortohy Hatten, Elaine
Colleymore, Gertrude Mllliner,
Mary Goodin and Lois Mann.
Their costumes were compile
mented with furs of beauty in
mink. fox, beaver, and marten
skins fashioned into scarfs, jae-
kets and full length coats. These
furs were from Dorotheas Fur
Salon.
QUEEN
Highlight OF the night OF fun
was the GROWING Of the Queen
of the Beaux Arts Ball, Miss
Gloria Bryant, representing the
House OF Beauty. Her lovely cos
tune which captured the fancy
OF the audience and the first
place on the Judges liSts~was of
green panne velvet with the skirt
over a frame 10 represent the
House OF Beauty. The roof was
of gold lame with caves, doors,
windows and ruffled curtains Of
the same material. The bodice
was fitted with the full blown
Rose OF the Rose-Meta trade
mark as the color accent Glo-
ria's nails were matching, green
with gold sequins. The costume
was designed by Mrs. Carmen
Murphy. She was crowned by
Mrs. Cecil Boykin, who presented
the models to the audience and
gave judges, Mrs. Anne Benson.
Mrs. Ethel Taylor. Mrs. Ger
trude Lockett, Guy Pallsgola and
Lawrence Carter their instruc-
tons.
Also participating was Miss
Velma Vincent Of Windsor, rep
reselting the Armstead Club Of
Ontario, Canada. Her costume
was of red, white and blue and
designed by GroStern OF Mon
treal. II was q gown OF heavy
white crepe with q jeweled
neckline. ruffled cascade, and a
stole of red, white and blue.
Her headdress was 4 crown Of
white net trimmed in jewels to
match the dress She was award
ed second priza
Third prize went 10 Norris
Warren for her authentic por-
trayal of the flapper Of 1928 in
Decade OF Fashion" presented
by four members Of the Les
Modelles Club. Others particle
pating in this feature were Joya
Jackson, 1918; Katie Smith, 1888:
and Mary Norman, 194s.
PRIZE WINNERS
Other prize winners were Ade-
lima Sturgis. fetching devil in
suit Of red satin, oomplete
with horns and a tail, long red
stockings and slippers. She rep
resented the Delsprite Club; and
Katherine Hurley, as Marie An
toinette, representing the Ro-
Ka-Wi Club.
Also promenading and compet-
ing for prizes were Elaine Col
leymore Of the Beaux Arts Clubs
as Cleopatra, Queen Of the Nile:
Annette Clary, the Greek Letter
girl. whose costume was de-
signed by sorors OF Eta Phi Beta
sorority; Micki Rutherford.
study in black and white. rep
resenting the Partisan Finishing
School. and Georgetta Dunlap Of
the ElliottoEians (non-competi-
tive) in scanty costume OF
black lace studded with beads
and sequins. Back interest was
a huge hustle Of black net
Az the conclusion Of the shows
Mrs. LaVerne Schuster. presi.
dent Of the Elliottorians. pre-
sented Mrs Henrietta Warfield.
general chairman Of the ball
Mrs Emmadean Boyette. pro-
ducer, Mrs. Lorraine Jones. dance
director. and the entire member
ship OF the group, many Of
whom wore very lovely cos
tunes.
Assisting the club members a.
commentators for the show were
Mrs. Junetta Watt and Mr.
Lynnette Penn.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-11-27
ottor1an Business Womens Club
DETROIT TRIBUNE SATURDAY. NOV. 27th 1913 7
Two Shows Of Fun And Fancy
Cheered By Many Who Attend

The promenading of models in exotic costumes dane
ing lads lasses and the of the coutourers set the
pace for the second Beaux Arts Ball of the Eiottoran
Business Womens Club Hundreds of people filled the
cabaret of the Club Three Skies to view the show
on Thursday and Friday nights.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-11-27

Sisco, G. r. A. p. Richard White
acting G. r. Sentinel.
Too much praise cannot be
given Sir Knight Monervsr
Peoples. G. r. Organizer. for
his superb delivsranee Of the
address 10 the man" stated
Mrs. Denmark.
About one-hundred and fifty
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1948-06-04
ThimbIe Of Gold Settled
Battle Over Pirate Loot

NEW ORLEANS. - Pounding
golden doubloons into thimbles
might appear to the Goth century
mind to be an odd way to make
sewing attractive.
But, as Justice OF the Peace Mer.
cedes Adams will tell you, the thin
ble-making method solved at least
two loot arguments for the notorious
Gulf coast pirate, Jean LaFitte.
Judge Adams owns one Of two
known thimbles salvaged from the
LaFitte gang. According to her in
formation, the golden gadget, which
doesn't fit any of her fingers, result
ed from division of piratical spoils.
Each buccaneer had to have his
exact SHARE" she explained. Zone
time. when everything had been
divided equally. two golden Spanish
doubloons remained. LaFitte settled
the matter by hammering the coins
into thimble for the wife of one OF
his nen."
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1948-06-04

Those richly ornamental bags
of fine calfskin are unbelievably
serviceable if business trekking is
your lot on week days. Many are
really surplus bags from war
days while others are reflections
Of that style, all prettied up for
you. This season you'll find them
in delightful colors and ever Sc
convenient with inside pockets.