Evening star., 1948-01-20

ern European nations drawn up
within the framework Of the United
Nations similar to the Western
Hemisphere pact made last year at
Rio de Janeiro.
The Importance Of such pact
''is clearly brought out by the fact
that Western European unity is the
feature of the Marshall idea, which
has particularly aroused Soviet
leaders to attack" Mr.. Dulles said.
He added:
"They (the Soviet leaders, are
supremely confident that If Western
Europe can be kept divided, the
governments can, one by one, be
discredited and economic conditions
made so hopeless that the people
will, in despair, accept Soviet
dictated peace. On the other hand,
they know that a unity of upwards
of 250, ,000, 900 people in Western Eu-
rope, industrious and educated as
they are, could not be easily re-
duced, even by Soviet power"
Mr.. Dulles said the State Depart
ment's European Recovery Program
could be improved. but he hastened
to add, This is not the time to be
perfectionist." He said the seven
international conferences he had
taken part in since the end of the
war have convinced him that I'VE
cannot get a peace treaty for Europe
until 1t is known that the free ma
tions of Europe are going to stay
free"
Mr.. Dulles suggestions for improv-
ing the plan follows:
81. The basic purpose of the pro-
gram ought to bet set forth more
clearly.
70. 1t should be set forth explicitly
that continuing aid Is contingent
upon cooperation by the peoples
and governments OF participating
countries, and that the degree of
aid should, broadly speaking, be
measured by the degree Of co-opera-
ton.
IS. As regards the amount Of
money to be appropriated for the
period up to June 80, 1949, -" it,
is wiser to appropriate the full
amount which qualified experts
think prudent rather than to cut it
in the hope that uncertainties will
operate in favor of lesser cost.
Should Indicate Targets.
"a. The plan should indicate some
of the targets which, on the basis OF
the 16-nation report, the participate
ing countries themselves believe to
be attainable by progressive steps.
These would be both production
targets and also such targets as
increased political, economic and
monetary unity.
IS. As regards Germany, the ad-
ministratien should supply similar
production targets and assurances
that = we. shall seek to integrate
its economy into that Of Western
Europe to the mutual advantage of
both.
g. The administrator should be
under duty to follow the results sof
aid given and to measure them in
terms of target goals and he should
report periodically to the President
and Congress with respect to these
matters.
81. The administrator should be
under the direction of the President
and the Secretary of State in so far
as regards decisions which pri-
marty involve foreign policy. He
would, presumably, take advice and
counsel from a board. I doubt the
soundness of the State Depart
ment's suggestion that there should
be not only top-level policy co-ordi-
nation, but active participation by
the Department of State at working
levels in the formulation and exc
cution of the specific programs. -
In all business matters one man
should have clear authority for de-
cision and for direction OF his sub
ordinates."