davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-10

IS, both Of 2si7 Conn. ave. NV.
Theodore Kramer. "a. 3l47 Wsstoyer d.;
Sc, and virginia Kreuzer. 20. 261b K
Herbert Gordon. 90, so5 seth st. ne. and
Will, GLADYS 3. GonEays 80 "a 9Th st. Sc;
Ruth Goodwin, 634 9th 1t. Sc.
William Norman, 80, 1928 Trinidad ave
ne. a.iS Josephine Specht, 81, 1892
Trinidad ave. me-
Paul Plesai: IS and Lois Kseno. 49, both
Wffiam Hentsen. "a. New York City. and
Celia Montealesre. 20, 2316 Ashmead
Harold Hansen, 81, and Elizabeth Cole,
90, both of Richmond.
and claire Ryan. al. 42oI 14th St. NV;
John Mccarty. 20. Carnesie. Pa. and
John walker. g. and Mary Young, 81,
both of 936 st. NV.
Neil NutweIl, %, 34O5 25th st. Sc, and
Geneva Dickinson, 20, 3403 26th st.
John Lynch. %, 1900 9th st. NV. and
Clare Norris, 90, 1901 Warren st. nv
Earl Finesold. go. and Marcia Cohen, 1s'
both of 4418 Brandywine st.. NV.
Frederick Serkley. %, 726 18th st; Sc,
and Mary jackson, "a, 1871 D St Sc;
Petty, 90, Mclean, Va,
Frank Wolff 90, and Nina Babbase. 81,
both OF Rochester. N. Y.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-10

FULLERTON, Md, Aug. 10 P.-
A severe hailstorm struck the Full
lerton, Whitemarsh, Perry Hall, and
Chase areas of Baltimore County
late yesterday, tearing leaves from
trees and damaging crops.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-10

Mcdonald Banks. %, $500 Georgia ave.
NV, and Alice Boyd, ID. 2o19 9Th
st. NV.
Elmer Herring. %, 1888 irving Ut. NV.
and Mary Jones, 10, New York ave.
NV.
Richard Slaughter, tr.. 20. Hampton, Va,
and Virginia Weston, FL. 4345 Haw-
thorne st.
John Mcdonald. III. 10, 1890 Monroe st.
NV, and Jeanne Russell 10, 1923
Leroy csrder. 20, 1905 R st. NV. and
Dorothy Dolin, q. 1924 18th st. nv.
Robert Allgood, 20. Forest Glen, Nd,
st ne,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-10
TINE SHAMPOO WITHOUT TEARS

1HE SHNmFVV "ITHVVI IENKS
1. It's rich lather cont aims no soap or
harsh alkaN to smart children's eyes.
z. Cleans hair cleaner, leaves hair
brighter, more lustrous than any soap
or soap shampoo.
3. Pure white cream IN tube No Jar OF
bottle to spill or break. No liquid to
trickle In children's eyes.
ARTRA "SoapIess Lather" Cream Shampoo
at all drug counters ...... 60e also 81
FREE: Send for Free use tube to Dept. A-26
Artrs Cosmetics Inc. Bloomfield N. J.
sLinds Lee MiIIard. 34o0 18th ST. Sc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-10

Anthony Constantine. 25, Bladensburs,
Md. and Jeanne Mitchell 81, Hyatts-
vile, Nd
Evening star., 1948-07-17
Jan Masaryk Quoted
AS Warning Stain on
.Soviet's Czech Policy
By PouI WohI
North American Newspaper Alliance


NEW YORK, July ia letter to
Prime Minister Stain presumably
written by Jan Masaryk a few
hours before he committed suicide
throws important new light on the
Communist seizure of Czechoslo-
vakia.
According to a Soviet intelligence
officer who escaped to the West
with a copy of the letter, the mes
sage was found on Mr.. Masaryk's desk
and taken to Communist Premier
Klement Gottwald who handed it
over to Mr.. Stalin's envoy, Deputy
Foreign Minister Valerian Zorin,
through whom it was transmitted
to Mr.. Stain. The Soviet Prime
Minister is said to have had copies
made and distributed these to the
members Of the all-powerful Polit-
buro.
| Capt. Ivan Krylov reports that
he got hold of one of these copies
through the secretariat of Marshal
Nikolai Bulganin, Soviet Minister Of
Armed Forces.
II cannot fight for Czechoslo-
vakia" Mr.. Masaryk concludes his
solemn letter, because, even indi-
rectly, the son of Thomas Masaryk
cannot fight Russia and her gov
ernment. I consider myself the
trustee of your (broken promises
= before my conscience I am
hostage for their fulfllment All
that is left for me is to die
! In silence
Partial Text of Letter.
The Masaryk letter was published
first in France, in the newspaper
Combat, one of the most reliable
French dailies. A partial text of it
follows:
Dear Marshal Stain:
II have decided to write this letter
in the last moments after having
taken the irrovocable decision which
I will carry out in few hours.
II know that 1t (Masaryk's sui
cide) will cause much discussion
among my friends and among my
enemies: Suicide is the weapon of
a politician only if he admits the
complete failure of his action or
if ne wishes to rectify the public
dishonor resulting from this fail
ure.
In my youth, my father taught
me that an independent Czecho-
Evening star., 1948-07-17

serve the idea of Slav solidarity.
II gave In to your arguments and
in talks with President Benes,; I
supported zorin after he (Zorin)
had given me formal written assur-
ance that the Communist Party
would not abuse the situation to
seize complete control of the gov
ernment and to apply to our coun-
try polictical and economic prin-
ciples which are wholly foreign to
our people and to its history.
H;s Support Decisive.
"You know well that my sup
port played decisive role and that
it was (only) after my intercession
that President Benes gave his for
NAL consent to the establishment of
the new Gottwald government, thus
preserving the country from civil
war and break with the U. S. S. R.
Il had assumed moral RESPONSE
bility before the president and the
fatherland.
yet, soon found that the Com
munist Party had not the slightest
intention of keeping the promises
which had been made to me. Legal
government has no significance any
more in this country. We are under
regime where action committees"
make the law. People are being ar
rested whose only fault Is to have
fought the Communist Party before
the war. They are thrown into Jail
although they frequently are true
friends of Russia and supporters of
full and complete alliance with
her. In my own ministry. an action
committee cancels my decisions and
gives orders to my officials.
Freedom no longer exists in
Czechoslovakia; it has been re-
placed py oppression which one
party exerts against all it's political
opponents as a way of setting up
the structure of a new authoritar-
ian police state.
Not Only One Betrayed.
Il am not the only one here who
has been betrayed by the assurances
of zorin; I am not the only one
who gives up the fight for his ideal
Of freedom if this fight compels
him to fight Russia. We are thous-
ands and thousands OF intellectuals
without whom you will never be
able to build the bastion of your
defenses in Central Europe, nor to
reinforce and render impregnable
the quadrilateral of Bohemia with
out which all your preventive Sc
curity measures will one day turn
out to be Intellectual: for when the
moment will come when your coun-
try and all Slavs are in mortal dam
ger, you will have here nothing but
Evening star., 1948-07-17
Patent Office Setup Due
To Spur Reich Inventors
BY the Associoied Pres.

FRANKFURT, Germany. - Ger
mans who have been holding back
new inventions for fear they would
pe copied can bring them out safely
soon. Establishment Of a patent
filing office for the British and
American zones has been approved
by the zonal military governors.
There has been no patent ofice
to protect German inventions since
the war. This lack has been holding
back technical advances in Ger
many" the governors said in an
nouncing their approval of the
new office.
Germans were assured that their
inventions will not be subject to
military government screening or
seizure" Oficials predict flood of
patent applications - perhaps as
many as $4,000 within a year.
Evening star., 1948-07-17

government hated by the people,
despised by its best citizens, . gov.
ernment backed only by the bay
onets Of its police.
II cannot live without freedom.
cannot fight for it, because Jan
Masaryk, even indirectly. cannot
fight Russia and her government. I
consider myself the trustee of your
promises which I transmitted to
Benes: before my conscience am
the hostage of their fulfillment.
"All that is left for me is to die,
to die in silence lest my action
serve as pretext for those who
wish to provoke civil war in Czecho-
slovakia.
You still have time to stop the
policy Of sovietizing my country.
Hurry, for soon it may be too late.
Jan Masaryk."
Evening star., 1948-07-17

slovakia never could exist without
the direct and effective support of
Russia against the waves of the
Germanic ocean. This conception
became deeply anchored in me. -"
Il remember our recent meeting
in Moscow during the last war after
the signing of our treaty of alliance.
You said to me then that the U. S.
S. r. would continue the traditional
policy of Slav brotherhood and that
resurrected Czechoslovakia would
not have to fear another offensive
comeback of the Germans.
Followed Molot0v Course.
n nave not forgotten my collab-
grafton with Mr.. Molotov Foreign
Minister Vyacheslav M. Molotov) at
San Francisco. when I told him
frankly that I might not be in
agreement with certain propositions
made by your delegation, but that
the friendship of your country was
the basis of our foreign policy and
that we always would follow you. .s**
Il placed no obstacle in the way
of transferring to the U. S. S. r.
Subcarpathian Russia. On the con-
trary. was happy that I could do
what my father wanted to do as
early as 1920.
II expedited, as far as it was in
my power, Czechoslovakia's cession
to your country of the uranium
mines OF Bohemia in order to show
you clearly that we would be on
your side in whatever armed con-
f1ict the U. S. S. r. should become
involved.
and, more recently, I did not
hesitate to follow the course indi-
Gated by Mr.. Molotov when accept
ance or refusal of American credits
was at stake and to refuse this as
sistance, giving you thus another
tangible proof that the foreign pol
icy Of my country adapted itself
Loyalty to the interests of the U. S.
S. r.
Reassured by Stain.
"At the beginning of the last gov
ernment crisis, wanted to know
your personal opinion regarding the
demands of the Czech Communist
party. You were kind enough to
write me a friendly letter and to
send Mr.. zorin to answer my ques-
tions. You explained to me
that the U. S. S. r. needed as a
matter Of preventive security a
government in Prague that was
strong and wholly loyal to the spirit
and to the letter Of the Russo-C Czech
alliance.
I'm any case, you set the matter
clear by indicating that the de-
mands OF the Czech Communist
Party aimed in no way at the So
vietization of our country, but that
the party simply wanted to do its
duty toward the fatherland and
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-17

opposed the striking printers was
exposed this week when press
men, mailers, and e1ectrotypers at
the Herald-American voluntarily
assessed themselves to raise strike
fund contributions for No. Is.
The idea quickly spread to other
newspaper plants and members of
other printing trades union, who
also taxed themselves for the
printers.
OFFICIALS of No. 16 disclosed
that the strong bonds of solidarity
between the printers and other
organized workers on the news
papers apparently was troubling
Marshall Field, self-styled liberal
publisher of the Sun and Times.
b The union revealed that Field
had hired two private detective
agencies to spy on workers in
his plant.
It was understood that Fields
newspapers, especially the Sun,
had suffered most from the strike.
CONTRARY to their custom of
many years, none of the metro
politan newspapers published
their average circulation for De-
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-17

Stanczyk, former secretary gen
eraI of the Polish Federation of
Miners and more recently Minister
of Labor and Social Welfare in the
Polish democratic government,
lent impetus to the idea when he
spoke here recently at luncheon
attended by more than 60 repre-
sentatives of trade unions and
other progressive organizations in
Chicago.
Rather than submit to the poll
teal conditions attached to the
Marshall Plan, Poland will strug-
gle along without relief, Stanczyk
said.
When Abe Feinglass, district di-
rector of the International Fur,
Leather, and Luggage Workers
CIO), proposed the formation of
the relief committee, Stanczyk
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-17
Clergyman hits U, S.
labor policy in Reich

Observation-Disclosures
ing to DIR. Jerome Davis, religious
leader and educator who has re-
Gently Travelled widely in Europe,
America appears to be falling be-
hind Russia in promoting union
ism in occupied Germany.
Davis said that Russian occupa-
ton authorities shave promoted
the shop steward movement in the
factories. As far. as I could learn
elections for these offices had been
fair. Certainly all parties seemed
to be represented. The result is
that today Russia has far more
trade union members in her zone
than we have in ours.
"Some of the u. S. military Off
GERS are inept in dealing with
labor" Davis commented. For
instance one of them arbitrarily
ordered all the men in a factory
to have their hair cut. Another
demanded that a certain number
of convictS work in the factory,
something American labor unions
would not tolerate"
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-17

approved the plan as a practical
measure by which Chicagoans
could aid their Polish friends dur
ing the reconstruction period.
Frank Mierkiewicz, organizer
for the joint Fur, Leather, and
Luggage board here, is working
out details of committee procedure
with the advice of Jozef Patyk,
Polish consul here.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-17

The workers, members of Chi
cago Mailers Union No. 2, unani-
mously rejected the publishers
demands that they agree to a one
year contract before the news
papers consent to discuss wages.
The membership authorized
their officials to consult with the
ALL International Typographical
Unions executive council on the
situation here
AT THE same time another ITU
local here, Chicago Typographical
Union No. Is, which has been
on strike from the newspapers for
several weeks, was named in
complaint issued by the regional
office of the National Labor Re-
lations Board.
At the request of the Chicago
Newspaper Publishers Associa-
ton, which the NLRB has been
aiding in the current union-bust-
ing drive, the board charged that
No. 16 had violated the Taft
Hartley law.
Solmnly echoing the newspap-
ers' wornout accusations, the
NLRB claimed that the union had
sought to restrain or coerce en-
ployees in their right to bargain
collectively"
THE Big Business dominated
board did not explain how the
union could have "coerced" its
members to strike when in fact
the membership voted 1880 to 81
in favor of strike.
The regional NLRB complaint
was issued while the national
board was holding hearings here
on similar unfair labor practices"
charges against the International
union.
At least 81 such complaints
have been issued against the ITU
as a strike-breaking device by the
NLRB.
WITH the strike issues distorted
by slanted stories in the struck
papers, the publishers hoped to
confuse the public and turn it
against the union.
In Congress, however, the true
issue was outlined sharply by Rep.
Arthur G. Klein D., N. W, who
denounced the Taft-Hartley Act
as "a terrible weapon of oppres-
sion and exploitation handed to
employers to turn the clock of
history back to the industrial
chaos of 20 years ago."
In Chicago. Klein charged.
the publishers clearly are try
ing to force the return of the
open shop"
AS A RESULT of the Taft
Hartley laws ban on sympathy
strikes, other newspaper workers
have remained at their jobs.
The newspapers pretense that
those printing trades workers re-
manned in the plants because they
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-17
Cong. Powell may
not run this year

Congressman A. Clayton Powell
O-ALP-NY in an interview Sat-
urday, limited that he might not
run to succeed himself this year.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-17

cember, but reports indicated that
circulation and advertising reve-
nue. had dropped sharply.
Workers at the Sun reported
that comic supplement inserts for
$4,000 copies of the Sunday. Sun
Times remained at the plant.
Normally orders from the North
west Side alone would have dis
posed of all of them.
The drop in newspaper circula-
ton was reflection of the unions
appeal to the public not to read
the papers.
STRIKE officials announced
that 100000 copies of a broadside
had been issued for mass distribu-
ton. The leaflet, addressed tol
trade unionists, pointed out:
IT'S YOUR fight. too!
eff our union is DESTROYED.
your union will be next!
Don't bury struck papers"
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-17
Plan formation Of
Polish relief group

committee direct relief Poland being
of Stanczyk director of the
United Nations economic and social department Q
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-17

foh MONTHS OF black market
in Washington Here sead company executives c.
Todd Of American Rolling MIL Foy Republic Steel
Corp and anding NJ Schrader of
K H. Longed of Youngstown discussing charges
during u now invesqat
ing he
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-01-17

Chicago bound this week took the first step
Evening star., 1948-07-25

W7HERE would you rather live - in the
w city or in the country? Do grass and
green trees and breath of fresh air mean
more to you than top-notch medical service,
complete shopping facilities and big-time
entertainment? Or. to put it another way.
would you be az discontented with small
rural salary as you would be with three city
rooms surrounded by loud radios?
The issue was first raised when caveman
asked cliffdweller how it felt to live in layers
Today the argument is still going on. Anyone
can get into the fight: everyone qualities as an
expert because nobody has the final answer.
BY now. of course. the extremes have been
drawn more closely together by the steady
growth of suburban areas - perhaps the most
successful compromise between city and coun-
try. For purposes of argument. however,
most suburbs must be considered cities. The
Census Bureau defines as urban all "incor-
porated places" of $500 or more inhabitants.
That makes some 100000 Americans r-
ban. and 55,0O0.O00 rural.
Practical considerations. naturally, have a
Evening star., 1948-07-25
by Ralph Bass

lot to do with where you decide to live. but
long-ter values are extremely important,
too. In this article, arguments are presented
on both sides - without recommendations.
Look them over and see which are most
decisive for you.
What he CITY Gives You
Education. Schools may be crowded and
chaotic, but generally they offer your child
more than the country schoolhouses. Although
farmers have 30 per cent of the nations
school-age children, they spend only 10 per
cent of the national education budget. Farm
boys are dragged out of school at haying time,
seeding time, blowing time and every other
time there's work afoot. The farmer believes
in education - when it doesn't get in the way.
intelligence. Tests give city boys five to
seven points more on 10 than their country
cousins. The theory is, the city lads see more,
are more keenly stimulated and respond more
quickly. Their vocabulary is better. The slow
talking. head-scratching farmer isn't fiction.
Evening star., 1948-07-25
ERIC scHAAl

vaulting over. One finally turned the trick
using only one hand.
The city boy walked over quietly, left the
ground effortlessly and cleared the railing
like a swallow - no hands.
Success. Pay checks are bigger in the city.
There are many more highly-paid engineers,
businessmen and office workers. The country
boy goes in for teaching, social work and, of
course, farming, all of which yield modest
financial return. Country lawyers and doc
tors are lucky to make half what the city pro-
fessional does - though they do get in more
fishing.
Entertainment. Theaters, night clubs
and hot spots are city stuff. Country folk
must depend on movies and the radio for big
time entertainment. When it comes to sports,
the farmer leans heavily on occasional troupes
of travelling westlers. In the city, the giant
stadiums and indoor arenas offer some sport
or other every day in the year.
For culture seekers the city has Libraries,
lectures, art shows and concerts A woman
who gets fun out of shopping and beauty
salons would find the countryside desert.
Continued on page II
Evening star., 1948-07-25
WHERE DO YOU Want TO LIVE?

Privacy. There's still safety in numbers.
Rural folk know everything about you to the
third generation, both ways. Said one ex-
South Dakotan who had moved to town:
Il got tired of the gossiping. and prying.
Where live now, no one even looks at me -
that's the way like it.
Athletics. The city boy wins hands down.
Most farm boys never have chance to de-
velop skill. There just aren't enough boys
around to make up team.
One Manhattanite relates that when he
was boy recovering from pneumonia, the
family doctor prescribed country air. His
parents packed him off to relatives on an Ohio
farm.
The day he arrived he ran into group of
husky rustics who were taking turns jump
ing over for-foot railing. Most of them
made it by placing both hands on top and
Evening star., 1948-07-25
aAuD ". HUSTON

Who's better off - the apartment-dwelling,
night-clubbing Smiths, or the early-rising,
country-loving Joneses? Here are both sides
of a spirited, and probably endless, argument
by Ralph Bass
Evening star., 1948-11-21
TOAST OF THE TOWN
Continued from page eight

by my friends. Please tell me how
to get into show business"
Mary doesn't know the answer,
because she's al,oays been in show
business, though she's never had it
so good till now. She was born on
a Kansas farm Is years ago and
moved to Los Angeles with her
family when very young.
One day at neighborhood
movie the manager asked for a
volunteer to come up on the stage
and pick a ticket out of a fish bowl
50 some lucky patron could win
set of breakfast dishes, or some
such dubious treasure. Mary for
gets exactly what it was, but she
did skip up on the stage and select
the ticket with pudgy little fist.
Things Cot Started
You guessed it - there was a
movie scout in the audience. He
got in touch with Mary's mother,
and the result was that Mary
eventually got parts with Shirley
Temple. Judy Garland and Jane
Withers.
Her early success ended sud-
denly with the awkward age. Later
on, in her teens and early twenties,
she found jobs in a slew of the
most CHASTITY films of all time -
Class-C affairs designed for the
20-cent shocker trade. She gen.
orally played the hardened girl
criminal, and usually wound
up i'm the ''big house." She did
time for shoplifting, safecracking
and sundry other enterprises.
1T was awful" she says. 1T
got 50 ! couldn't pass policeman
on the street without cringing."
A year ago she made a break
for freedom and came east. Broad
way seemed like a breath of fresh
air, even though she had tough
luck at the start. The first show
she got into was a musical comedy
aptly named Sleepy Hollow" 1t
left the customers sleepy and the
cash register hollow. Some night
club engagements followed, and
then bingo: Small Wonder!
In this show, Mary pokes fun at
everything from historical novels
to gin-era flappers, and has almost
as much fun as the audience. Il
always suspected had a sense of
humor," she says. "Otherwise all
those awful Hollywood prisons
Evening star., 1948-11-21

FLAMING YOUTH gives Mary
q chance to kid the dizzy '2O's
would have driven me nuts"
incidentally, in the show she
gets a chance to get even with
Hollywood. One of her most hilar-
ious numbers has her portraying a
beautiful but totally untalented
movie actress in a merciless bur-
lesque of a lavish Hollywood pro-
duction.
Nothin1 Doing
50 MARY is happy though un-
settled. The shows management
doubled her salary shortly after
opening night, and assigned her a
gorgeous dressing room with a
stall shower and a chintz-covered
couch.
The minute she saw the couch,
Mary asked the house manage
ment about it. But they said
nothing doing. Performers were
not allowed to stay in the theater
overnight.
TOO bad" she sighs. But l
guess they figured a girl with my
record might sneak down and
rifle the box-office safe"
CHARLES D. RICE