davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-10-24

Armys award of the highest mill
tary decoration.
A great amount of research went
into the book because it reached
back into the records of men and
events even before the Civil.War.
The first deed Of valor for which
the medal eventually was awarded
occurred in February, 1861, before
the outbreak of the Civil War. A
young Army sergeant, Barnard ]. D.
Irwin, took command of a small
force of troops and led rescue
party to save another detachment
surrounded by Apache Indians in
what is now Arizona. But it was
not until 1894 that Mr.. Irwin, by
then a colonel, was awarded the
medal. Meanwhile, the decoration
had been conferred a number of
times on Civil War heroes.
From the musty records of 1861
the Army researchers waded through
thousands of records, letters and
other material to bring the history
on down to the deed of Gus Kefurt,
staff sergeant of infantry from
Greenville, Pa. Sergt Kefurt is the
last man to receive the medal,
awarded for his battle against the
Germans in France in 1914. He died
in the battle and the ward was
poSthumous.
| The book, produced by the Gov
ernment Printing Office, will 20 on
sale tomorrow, priced at $3.50.
Evening star., 1948-10-24

helping hand to Gov. James c.
Shannon. Republican. who is op-
posed for reelection by Chester
Bowles, former OPA director.
The Rhode Island Senate contest
also will come in for some attention.
There Republican Thomas P. Hazard
is fighting what many consider an
uphill battle to unseat Democratic
Senator Green.
Democratic Gov. John o. Pastore's S
reelection bid is being challenged
by Republican Albert P. Ruerat.
Evening star., 1948-10-24
Honor Medal Award
History Is Published
By the Assoeioted Press

The Army yesterday issued an
official history of It's Congressional
Medal of Honor awards. President
Truman said 1t ''is designed to per-
petuate in memory the deeds of
courage and selflessness" of the
fighting men who. won the decora-
tion.
Mr.. Truman wrote the foreword
for the 468-page volume on the
Evening star., 1948-10-24
Z Bourd Trustees Named

NEW YORK, Oct. % (P.-Austin
S. Igleheart, president of General
Foods Corp, and Robert E. Wood
ruff, president Of the Erie Railroad
have been elected trustees of the
National Industry Conference Board
Evening star., 1948-02-01
(Juiide for
eterans
By Maj. Thomos M. Mol

BY Mol. lnomos NJ. N'o'
Believe it or not, not every ex-
servicer who is entitled to 1t has
applied for terminal leave pay. At
least so it would seem from a letter
received by this department the
other day from Washington veter-
an who's just getting around to
filing his application.
II got a Claim for Settlement
Unused Leave form at my post
Office" he writes, "and 1t stated that
claims for terminal leave could not
be considered if they were post
marked later than September l, 1947
except in the case of discharge after
September l, 1916. Does that mean
I'm out of luck?"
No, because that deadline was ex-
tended last summer. 1t was ex-
tended to August 81, midnight, 1948
Query from H. C. K, Washington
"A veteran buys a home under the
loan provision OF the CT bill. A
year later he moves and sells his
home. If he sells it to a non-vet-
eran is it possible for the non-Vet-
eran to take over the existing G1
bill mortgage, with its low interest
rate or must he take out separate
mortgage loan?"
Both are legal. If the lender and
the VA agree to let the non-yeteran
take over the existing CT bill mort
gage that's okay. If the lender
insists on another mortgage, that Is
okay, too.
From Mrs. William McM., Ian
caster, Pa: New Jersey friends OF
ours can't find a lender who will
make them a CT bill loan without a
down payment of at least one-third
the purchase price of the house
But my husband and I got a G1 bill
loan here without any down pay
ment. Can you help us to help our
friends?"
Afraid I can't. There's nothing
in the law to prevent lender from
demanding a down payment, even
though the law was expressly writ
ten to eliminate the need OF one
You were lucky because you found
a lender whose policies don't demand
down payments on CT loans. My
only advice is-tell your friends to
keep trying other leading institu-
tionS.
From G. T. Spokane: "How long
a time after discharge do I have in
which to apply for a pension or
compensation for service-connecteo
disability" -,
There is no time limit. But il
you apply for service-connected dis
ability compensation within one
year from discharge, and your claim
is allowed, then the compensation
is payable as of date of discharge
If you apply later than one year
after discharge the compensation
is payable only from date of appli-
cation.
From E. j. H., New Orleans
where do I write Tor full lnStruc-
tions on dropping half of my $4,000
NSLI and converting the other hall
to ordinary life?"
Your regional Office in New Or.
leans can give you the form to fill
out and help you. Or you can write
your branch Office in Atlanta ano
make the arrangements direct with
them. That is where, the forms
eventually will have to go anyway
and that's the Office which viii
have to make the requested changes
| in your insurance status.
Still, in my opinion it would be
better to get the help of the regiona
Office people and let them forward
| the complete form to Atlanta.
Evening star., 1948-02-01
By Jacques FutreIIe, Jr.
The Sfor's Travel Editor

This serves in a dual role. In case
a pedicab driver violates traffic
rules, the policeman takes away the
cushion. BY doing so, he virtually
immobilizes the cab, as passengers
would rather walk than accept a
jolting, cushionless ride.
Acapulco, on the Pacific coast. is
282 miles southwest of Mexico City.
A fine, paved highway connects the
two cities.
The Princess hotel, on the water
front of Hamilton Harbor, Bermuda,
has changed hands at a price esti-
mated at 100000 pounds. The war
interrupted its career. dating back
to 1884, as a resort hotel. Extensive
redecorating and renovating will be
required before it is reopened, and
the date that it will accept guests
remains in the vague future. The
Princess hotel cottage colony, how
ever, has been accepting guests for
some time.
Although British Overseas Air
ways Corp. recently was granted
Civil Aeronautics Board authority
to establish service between Wash
ington and Bermuda, there is no
assurance the flights will be insti-
tuted soon. Washington is now
linked directly with Bermuda
through Colonial Airlines planes. A
BOAC press release quoted the
corporations spokesmen as saying
that there is no immediate inten-
ton to serve the city, although it
may we'll be that, if and when the
number of weekly flights is in
creased, consideration will be given
to Washington service" BOAC
planes now serve Bermuda from
Baltimore and New York.
The somewhat disappointing"
winter tourist season in the Miami
area has prompted st. Petersburg,
Fla, to quote reports disputing the
idea that minor slump has been
recorded within Its area. Miami's
basic complaint is traceable to a
falling off in spending, which has
been lavish the last two winters.
Figures tend to show no apprecia-
BILE decline in the number of visi-
tors, however. st. Petersburg,
through its news bureau, reports
substantial increases in IL out of
Is fundamental business indicators" "
Among others, increases were noted
in bank deposits. construction, elec-
trio power customers, postal receipts
and telephone connections. The
city further reports that "subdivi-
sions are springing up in all sec
tions,' and that while it had 10000
permanent residents in 1910. it now
has 100000. In addition it can &C
commodate another 100000 visitors
at any one time during the winter,
the news bureau says.
The Canadian ski championships,
under amateur ski association rules,
will be decided February 26-29 on
Mount Norquay's slopes, near Banff,
Alberta.
Evening star., 1948-02-01

teventS in the life of Christopher Co
lumbus. Since then, many other
interesting stamps have been issued.
Three stamps issued in 1907 honor
the 300th anniversary of the found
ing of Jamestown Other events
covered are the landing of the Pill
grins, the battles of Lexington,
Concord, White Plains, and Fallen
Timbers, followed by the surrender
at Yorktown. More than 20 States
have been honored by anniversaries
of either their settlement or their
statehood. Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto
Rico, the Virgin Islands and the
Canal Zone also have been honored.
To honor the recent opening o. the
Everglades National Park in Florida,
new park stamp was added to the
list of 10 other National Park
stamps.
Our largest group of commemo-
rative stamps was issued in 1910.
This famous American group is
made up of five of our leading au-
thors, poets, teachers, artists, scien-
fists, composers and inventors. An
other nice series is the Overrun
Nations. These stamps honor Korea
and the European countries overrun
by Germany.
Other interesting stamps are the
Roosevelt series and the ones hon.
oring the armed forces. Last May,
several new stamps were issued in
honor of the Tooth anniversary OF
our postage stamps.
MY dad and I have mounted all
the State and historical stamps in
their correct places on large map
of the United States. This helps
make the study of history and geog-
raphy easier. Across the bottom OF
the map we added the regular series
of presidential stamps that shows
all of our past Presidents except
Hoover.
1t Is also nice, when on vaca-
ton, to visit the site of the his
torical events. I have already
visited many of the States and
places. Just last summer, I added
jamestown, Yorktown and Roanoke
Island to my list.
Evening star., 1948-02-01
Virginia Student Tells About
His Commemorative Stamps
Prize Contribution
By John E. Lintner, II

One of my hobbies stamp collecting OF the stamps issued
by Government think the commemorative best
different events, to
than other stamps
them first commemorative
consisted 16 showing different
Evening star., 1948-02-01
Guide to New Books
For Young Readers

Four Young Teachers, by Gene
We've Chase (Dodd, Mead; $2.25)-
The story of four girls trying oft
themselves properly into the modern
field of teaching.
Juan of Manila, by Marie Nc
Swigan Dutton; s2.50)-Two young
radio operators send daring mes
sages of encouragement to the Fill
pino people under the very noses OF
the Japanese invaders"
The Lost Violin, by Clara Ingram
Judson (Houghton Miff1in; $2.25)-
Another in the They Came From
series, this book tells of Bohemian
family living in Chicago in 1892
that loses their precious Mitten-
valid violin, and what they do to
recover it.
Evening star., 1948-02-01
The Vagabond
Prize Contribution
By GIorio Miller, IS
Anoeosti1 High Seh'

A torn coat.
A battered hat,
Shining eyes and a nose that's fiat.
Though he has no place to stay,
His eyes still shine in the same old
way.
His bed is the ground,
The stars his light,
Which are no trouble at all to turn
on at night.
When the sun comes up he's on his
way;
From place to place he goes each
day.
His life is strange, and he's called
tramp;
He's without a home in the cold
and damp.
Although he may look haggard, old
and gray,
His life is merry in its own strange
way.
Evening star., 1948-02-01
Diamonds and Coal
Are Distant Relatives
Of Lead in Pencils

There is strange and secret kin
ship between diamonds, graphite
(used in lead pencils) and ordinary
coal.
All three may have a common
ancestry, though they come to very
different ends. If you go back far
enough, you may trace the lineage
of graphite and coal to those
ancient trees which were cooked and
changed by the pressure of hundreds
of thousands of tons Of rock. And
whether or not diamonds are also
products of tons of ancient chem
istry, they, like graphite and COAL
are pure carbon.
Just why the tremendous pressure
changed some of these ancient
plants into hard and brilliant dia-
monds, others into common black
coal, and still others into soft dark
gray mineral admirably suited for
writing, no one knows.
Graphite is much lighter than
lead. with which it is ordinarily con-
fused because both may easily be
used for writing. But pure grapnlIe
is much too soft to be used in lead
pencils unless it is first hardened by
being mixed with powdered coal.
Unlike coal and diamonds, graph
its is q form of carbon which does
not easily burn, and when mixeo
with clay, 1t is used In making dishes
and bowls which are heat-resisting
It's two other chief uses are In lubri-
cants and paints.
The fact is that the so-calleo
lead" in a lead pencil is much more
nearly related, chemically, to the
wood that encases it than to the
metal by whose name it is so often
mistakenly called. Like the wood
that holds it, graphite is a plant
material, though the centuries OF
rock pressure have changed It's form
beyond easy recognition.
Evening star., 1948-02-01
lust Between
Yourselves
-By Philip H. Love-

Passing a junior high school the
other night, I heard a chorus Of
young voices shouting a popular
song to the accompaniment of al
jukebox. The tune was catchy, but
the words were something short of
decent.
Most of us listen to-and even
sing-the hits of the day without
thinking much about their mean
ing, if any. The words OF many
popular songs have no meaning;
others are coated with such pleasant
music that we do not even wonder
what they mean.
Offhand, can think of five popu-
lar songs which boys and girls
should not be encouraged to sing,
and I know I've heard others, even
though I can't recall them right
now. Their tunes are so catchy,
however, that they are played and
sung everywhere, and teen"agers
especially seem to enjoy dancing to
them.
Teen-age dances and other parties
are arranged and chaperoned by
grownups in an effort to combat
what they call Juvenile delin-
uuency." Their idea is that whole
some recreation will keep the kids
off the streets and out of trouble"
But they overlook the fact that
recreation may easily lose its whole
someness when it's accompaniment
is trashy music.
1t is not enough for parents and
teachers to assume the roles of
censors of the music to be played at
teen-age parties. The boys and girls
themselves should adopt more
critical attitude toward popular
songs. With so many good numbers
from which to choose, pieces that
are danceable and singable as well
as decent, they can make their
parties even more enjoyable by re-
fusing to accept musical rubbish.
~
If you're one of those people who
brag about the intelligence of their
dogs, here's a shocker for you: Your
pet is a fifth-rater among intelli-
gent animals.
That, at any rate, is the conclu-
sion of Prof. c. j. Warden Of Co.
lumbia University, who conducted a
series of intelligence tests among 10
different animals. The chimpanzee,
orangutang, gorilla and monkey all
proved themselves more intelligent
than the dog, lie reports in the re-
Gently published World Book Ency-
clopedia.
But horse lovers are in for an
even greater jolt from Prof. War
den's findings. The horse, says the
professor, was the stuptdest of the
animals tested. Even the pig, which
Is not generally considered bright,
made a better showing.
The cat followed the dog in the
final ratings, and the raccoon and
elephant were sandwiched between
him and the pig.
OF course, owners Of dogs and
horses don't have to accept these
findings. I, for one, refuse to be-
lieve that my dog Butch isn't as
intelligent as I've been giving him
credit for being.
Evening star., 1948-02-01

Maj. Nial and his staff are
equipped to ans1Oer any question
from q World War II Deternn.
Send your questions to him in
care of this newspaper and in
close a sell addressed, stamped
enDeIoDe
Evening star., 1948-02-01
Safety Circus Talks
Bv Dick Mansfield

Pupils of seven Washington area
schools will hear chalk-talks this
week by Dick Mansfield, direc-
tor of The Stars school safety pro-
gram and former chief Of detectives
The Safety Circus cartoon talks
are sponsored by The Star, in CO.
operation with school authorities OF
the District and nearby Maryland
and Virginia. This weeks schedule:
Tomorrow, IL am, Bladensburg Pri-
mary; / pm, Madison, Falls Church.
Tuesday, $50 am, CheVerly; IL am.
Forestville.
Thursday IL am, Camp Springs.
Friday, IL am, University Park.
Evening star., 1948-02-01
Adventure
Prise Contribution
By Fronkie ChombIee, jr, 5
Weedlin School. Silver Spring, Nd.

Once a little boy was walking
along the seashore. He wanted to
walk across the ocean, but his daddy
said no. His mother was taking a
sunbath with her eyes closed, and
so was his daddy.
He started walking across the
ocean, anyway. In the middle, he
got scared and asked the captain
of a boat for life preserver. The
captain was unselfish, so he handed
the boy one.
The boy sat in the life preserver
and went back to the shore where
his daddy and mother were. They
were worried because he had dis
appeared. His daddy gave him a
hard spanking, but the boy didn't
cry because it didn't hurt.
Every one Fas sad, so they went
back home.
Evening star., 1948-02-01
Contest Rules

1. Pupils of elementary and Junior
and senior high schools are eligible
to write and draw for The Junior
Star. AS many as Ave prizes of 81
are awarded for the best original
contributions published each week:
Contributors of material of special
merit will be designated Junior Star
reporters and issued cards identify
ing them as such.
g Written contributions must be
on one side of paper and, If typed,
should be double spaced. Drawings
must be in black-and-whfte and
should be mailed fat. not rolled or,
folded :
3. All contributions must bear the
name, age, address. telephone num-
ber and school of the author.
4. The editors choice Of winners
is Anal and he may publish any
contribution in whatever form he
thinks Nbest. regardless Of whether it
is awarded a prize. He also may
withhold payment for contributions
found not to be original. Checks for
prizes awarded today will be mailed
before the end of the week.
8. Contributions should be ad-
dressed to the editor of The Junior
Star, 727 Star Building, 1101 Penn
sylvania avenue NV, Washington 4.
Evening star., 1948-02-01

Hotel and cottages, sWank resort
at White Sulphur Springs, w. Va,
is expected in April. Redecorated
and refurnished after her war serv-
ice, the fashionable hostelry Is ten
tatively scheduled to receive guests
April 10. This date, however, re-
mains to be confirmed.
The fourth annual international
Orchid show is to be held in the
Municipal Auditorium, Miami, Fla.
February 20-22. Last years show
featured $4,000 blooms. The total
this year is expected to reach 49,
900, including homegrown and i'm
ported varieties. Among the Is
countries sending exhibits are Bra
zil, Peru, Canada, England and Ven
ezuela. Popular orchids to be dis
played include the vandas, cattleya
cymbidium, phaleanopsis and laelia-
cattleya.
Mobiles famed Azalea Trail will
be opened formally this year on
February %.
At the foot of Cardiff Hill, Hanni-
bal, Mo, are life-size statues of two
boys. Known as the Tom and Huck
Monument, it represents Mark
Twain's characters, Tom Sawyer
and Huckleberry Finn.
Visiting Cuba now and for the
next five weeks, Americans will
catch Havana's Ell Carnaval, which
has been described as "a heady
blend of Mardi Gras. Mummer's Day
and New Year Eve" Preparations
have been going on for months. with
construction of huge floats and FASH
ioning of gay costumes for senor-
itas and clowns for the parade
Handsomely caparisoned horses also
will take part in the all-night pa
rades scheduled for six succeeding
Saturdays starting February 7. Night
club owners from New York, Miami
and other cities are expected to be
on hand to pick out tricky conga
dancers from among competing
comparasas, or dance groups, of the
Los Nanigos. Closing date of the
carnival is MarcN If.
The Mary Washington house at
Fredericksburg, Va, where the
mother of George Washington spent
her last days, should draw thousands
of visitors during Garden Week
April "a to May /. More than 500
tulips of Is varieties are expected
to be in bloom at that time.
Motorists going into North Caro-
lima might as well know now that
the State highway patrol has beer
doubled and, with other agencies
is strictly enforcing the state high
way laws. The campaign to pro-
tect lives and property is aimed pri-
marily at North Carolina residents
but tourists are not immune to the
Tightening up on speeders and other
traffic law violators. Speed limits
are: 20 miles per hour in business
districts; IS m.p.h. in residential
districts, 55 m.ph. for vehicles other
than trucks on open highways
Special speed limits are posted fol
danger zones. Two convictions OF
speeding over IS miles per hour
within IL months require suspension
of the drivers permit for from &C
days to six months, plus a fine ano
imprisonment at the discretion OF
the court. Drunk driving and reck-
lessness convictions bring heavy
penalties. ....
I Americans arriving in Shanghai
find few fashioned rickshas
War born pedicabs, combination BIZ
cycle, and ricksha, have all but. re-
placed them, and mingle with, pro-
fusion in the traffic crush. The
pedicab passenger rides in a rickshs
seat, while the driver pedals the
bicycle part of the hybrid. To make
the rough ride endurable. the seal
is covered with a padded cushion
Evening star., 1948-02-01
7 he raveIer's Notebook
Scribbngs About Events and Places of Tourist

The Romano Pageant, dramatiza-
tion of Helen Hunt Jackson's novel,
has been set for April II and Is,
"a, 25, and May l. 2. in an out
door bowl set high in the noun
tains that overlook the Ramona
country" in Southern California.
The bowl is so acoustically remark
able that whispers can be heard
across it." Climaxing the pageant
will be the Ramona Fiesta, staged
in the town of San Jancinto. Resi-
dents of the Hemet and San ia
cinto Valley don Indian and old
time Western garb for the fiesta.
Evening star., 1948-02-01
By Edword A. Greene

BY EdWdFd A. OFeehe
Robert Williams 5 of 1916 Fifteenth street Sc, hopes
apane But until that day he is
the best thngbudng model planes
making miniature planes at
And the has taken him to work his
through the grades and become student at Anacosa High
he turned nearly 200 modessome good he
and Others not good"
Ships hold interest modelmaker.
boats miniature schooner, second prize
hobby Junior High School when he pupil
Right working ship which, when completed
long And recently he put the finishing touches
Roanoke Rapids daily herald., 1948-12-21
Brownie Troop
Feted At Party

Friday afternoon the Rose
mary Brownie troop, sponsored
by the Rosemary p. T. A. with
Mrs. Tom Taylor leader, met at
the scout hut for their Christmas
party. Mrs. Taylor, being ill,
Mrs. E. Cotter Murray Scout
leader took her place at the
meeting. Mrs. Lillian Hancock
and Miss Daphne BARLEY assist
ed Mrs. Murray.
Mrs. Frank Meacham read
the children a Christmas story
and poem.
Sara Gale Hunter and Suzanne
10y Brownies from another
troop lead the group in playing
games.
The hut and Christmas tree
were decorated earlier by Mrs.
Murray for Christmas parties.
Refreshments were served of
many varieties of homemade
cookies, soft drinks, and each
child received a Christmas boot
Roanoke Rapids daily herald., 1948-12-21

For the past week Mr.. and
Mrs. Frank Williams had as
their guests, Mr.. and Mrs. Tuck