davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-03-17
Pact
Continued From First Page.)

ment, invite any other state" tx
agree to it's terms.
Under the plan, any such country
invited could become a party to tht
agreement by depositing its accept.
ance with the Belgian government
The countries formally declared
their "close community of interests
and expressed their belief in the
necessity of uniting in order tx
promote the economic recovery o.
Europe.
The treaty promised to "organizt
and coordinate their economic &C.
tivities to produce the best possible
results by the elimination of con.
flict in their economic policies, thu
coordination of production and ths
development of commercial ex'
changes"
In Line With Bevin's Goal.
Obviously bearing in mind CO.
operation with the other II nations
and Western Germany under the
European Recovery Program, the
accord said the common aims "shal
not involve any duplication of, OF
prejudice to, work of other economic
organizations" of which they are
members. On the contrary, the
treaty said the alliance would assist
such organizations.
This was in line with British
Foreign Secretary Bevins announced
goal of building a hard core for q
future Western European union
while developing economic cooper.
alton among the 16 Marshall Plar
nations.
The agreement on mutual military
aid referred directly to resistance
against IAN armed attack on Europe.
The preamble to the treaty re-
affirmed the nations faith in fun
damental human rights and the
principles of democracy, personal
and political liberty and constitu.
tional traditions. 1t cited the five
countries determination to further
economic recovery in Wesern Eu-
rope and to assist each other in
maintaining peace and resisting
any policy of aggression"
Possessions Not Included.
Britain, France, Belgium and the
Netherlands all have scattered colo
nial possessions. Some of the terri
tories even now are troubled by in
ternal dissension and pressures from
without. Presumably the provision
for common action would not apply
to these.
The treaty was drafted to remain
within the scope of the United Ma
tions Charter. which permits re-
gional security agreements. The
nations of the Western Hemisphere
operate under such an accord.
Should the need for common &C
ton against an attack be invoked,
the participating countries would be
required to report Immediately to
the Security Council of the U. N.
the defensive measures taken.
The treaty said these measures
shall be terminated as soon as the
Security Council has taken the
measures necessary to maintain or
restore international peace and Sc
curity."
Evening star., 1948-03-17
Curran Refuses 10 Direct
AcquittaI in Morford Case

Justice Edward M. Curran Of
District Court today denied a motion
for directed verdict of acquittal for
Richard Morford. executive director
of the National Council of American
Soviet Friendship, Inc.
Morford is on trial on charges
of contempt of Congress. He is
accused of refusing to surrender
records of the Friendship Commit
tee to the House Committee on Un-
American Activities during an in
vestigation two years ago.
The defense expected to place on
the stand as its first witness this
afternoon Ernie Adamson, former
general counsel of the House COM
mittee.
Evening star., 1948-03-17

whether Congress can pass such leg
islation and not on the form of the
Legislation If it could be enacted into
llaw.
| Mr.. Hoffman was asked II the
resolution came from the failure of
Secretary Of Commerce Hartman
to turn over to the House Commit
tee on Un-American Activities 10y.
atty records of DR.. Edward U. Con-
don, director Of the National Bureau
Of Standards.
Matter for Court Decision
He replied that the resolution Is
the answer to q fight that goes
back to the time of George Wash
ington. 1t is now a matter for the
courts to decide"
The Chairman also was asked If
the resolution is aimed at the
failure of Presidential Assistant
John r. Steelman to answer sub
poenas calling him before a House
Labor subcommittee to testify ON
the strike involving GSI-operated
cafeterias here. Mr.. Steelman told
Mr.. Hoffman in letter that Presi-
dent Truman advised him to dis.
regard the subpoenas.
Mr.. Hoffman said that II Mr..
Steelman appeared "as a represen-
tative of the President" he prob
ably would be excused from testify
ing. "But where he made his mis-
take was in ignoring the subpoena"
he added.
Amendments introduced.
Mr. Hoffman said he introduced
amendments today to his original
resolution, introduced March 5, to
provide penalties for disclosing con-
fidential information and to make
the resolution applicable only to
agencies created by Congress.
Chairman Hickenloper of the
Joint Congressional Atomic Energy
Committee told the Senate late yes
terday he had mo intention Of
abrogating or giving up the statu-
tory authority" giving the commit
tee access to the records of any Gov
ernment agency.
He said this authority is contained
in section of the Atomic Energy
Act which delegates to the commit
tee power to use the services, infor-
nation, facilities and personnel Of
all Government establishments.
Senator Knowland, Republican, of
California. member of the COM
mittee. agreed with Senator Hick-
enlooper.
Evening star., 1948-03-17
O'Mohoney Retains
1921 Irish Republic
| Bond as Souvenir

Senator O'Mahoney, Demo-
crat, Of Wyoming is displaying
an unusual souvenir of old Ire
land on this st. Patrick's Day.
Back in 1921, when the Irish
Republic was struggling to get
a start, the Senator, like many
rish-Americans, bought bonds
of the new government. The
government met it's obligations,
the Senator said, but he kept
one of the bonds and found it
recently among some papers. It
bore the names of Eamon de
Valera, until recently Prime
Minister, and Sean Nunan as
registrar.
A few days ago Senator
O'Mahoney was invited to
dinner here, at which'both men
were present. The Senator
took along his bond and had
them autograph it beneath
their printed signatures.
Evening star., 1948-03-17

established. Selective service car
then be terminated and the reg.
ular forces may then be main
tanned on a. voluntary basis.
The recommendations I have
made represent the most urgent
steps toward securing the peace
and preventing war.
We must be ready to take every
wise and necessary step to carry
out this great purpose. This will
require assistance to other ma
tions. It will require an adequate
and balanced military strength.
We must be prepared to pay the
price Of peace. or assuredly we
shall pay the price of war.
We in the United States remain
determined to seek, by every
possible means, a just and honor
able basis for the settlement Of
international issues. We shall
continue to give our strong al
legiance to the United Nations
as the principal means for inter-
national security based on law,
not on force. We shall remain
ready and anxious to join with all
nations-I repeat, with all ma
tions-in every possible effort to
reach international understand
ing and agreement.
The door has never been closed,
nor will it ever be closed. to the
Soviet Union or any other ma
ton which will genuinely CO.
operate in preserving the peace.
Threat to Liberty.
At the same time, we must not
be confused about the central
issue which confronts the world
today.
The time has come when the
free men and women of the
world must face the threat to
their liberty squarely and cou-
rageously.'
The United States has a tre-
mendous responsibility to act
according to the measure of our
power for good in the world. We
have learned that we must earn
the peace we seek just as we
earned victory in war, not by
wishful thinking but by realistic
effort.
At no time in our history has
unity among our people been so
vital as it Is at the present time.
Unity of purpose, unity of ef-
fort and unity of spirit are
essential to accomplish the task
before us.
Each of us here In this cham
Der today has a special RESPONSE
bility. The world situation is too
critical, and the responsibilities
of this country are too vast, to
permit party struggles to weaken
our influence for maintaining
peace.
The American people have the
right to assume that political
considerations will not affect our
working together. They have the
right to assume that we will join
hands, Fundamentally and with
out reservation, in our efforts to
preserve peace in the world.
With Gods help we shall Sue
ceed.
Evening star., 1948-03-17
Czech
for a debate on the Chilean proposal
to give it the necessary seven votes,
Continued From First Pare. ,

for debate on the Chilean proposal
to give it the necessary seven votes.
Papanek to Be on Hand.
The Soviet Ukraine is expected to
vote with Russia.
None of the delegates have in
dicated what their position would
be since the issue was placed on
the calendar.
Jan Papanek, friend of the late
Jan Masaryk, planned to be on
hand despite the fact he has been
fired by the new Prague govern
ment. He maintains he still Is
Czechoslovakia's delegate to the
U. N.
Vladimir Houdek, who was named
Monday as DR.. Papanek's successor,
also expected to be there.
At a later stage in the debate
the Council may have to decide
which one is entitled to speak for
Czechoslovakia, or whether both
will be heard.
Evening star., 1948-03-17
St. Patrick
Continued From First Page.)

military unit, the seth Regiment of
the New York National Guard, led
the parade behind a police escort.
They stepped of smartly at 1:03
pm. from Forty-fourth street and
Fifth avenue. drums rolling, arms
swinging rhythmically Shafts of
sunlight burned among the sky
scrapers, glittering on silver batons
and FURNISHED sabers.
Everywhere-in the parade and
the crowds massed along the ave-
nue. to view it-were flashes of
green. Girls who couldn't afford
new green spring coats or suits wore
bits of green ribbon. Men whose
ancestors never saw Ireland sported
green ties.
The crowds, feeling spring as
much as the Irish spirit, were kept
in check and the Presidents route
from the airport to the reviewing
stand was guarded by 5,678 police
men.
The parade itself was a pageant
Of old Ireland. Men and boys, girls
and women marched proudly behind
the banners Of their Irish organiza-
tons, Catholic parishes and schools.
They swung out behind the mill
tary and police units, catching step,
reforming ragged lines, as they
found the rhythm of throbbing
drums and the lifting Celtic shrill
of flies and skirling pipes in such
tunes as "O'Donneu Abu" and MY
Bold Soldier Boy"
The Presidents wife and daught-
er. Margaret. were to arrive here BY
train before the President.
Irishmen say Mr.. Truman should
be in time to see one Of the many
great moments of the parade-the
passing of the Ancient Order Of Hi
bernians to the throbbing march
song, "Harrigan."
Air traffic at La Guardia Field
was ordered suspended for Is min
utes before the arrival time of the
Presidents plane and was not to be
resumed until Mr.. Truman had left
the field at the head of a column
Of Is automobiles.
The motorcade's route to the re-
viewing stand at Fifth avenue and
sixty-fourth street was along Crane
Evening star., 1948-03-17
Continued From First Page

ficient and just" administration of
the loyalty program.
The House resolution would allow
committees, by a majority vote, to
demand all information deemed
necessary to enable them to prop
erly perform the duties delegated by
the Congress"
Hoffman Explains Opposition.
Mr.. Hoffman told reporters after
the closed session that those who
voted against the resolution did SO
with the idea that it was the duty
Of the executive branch to preserve
the confidential nature of certain
investigatory reports and certain
other confidential matters in the
executive branch"
He said the basic difference in the
committee is on the question of
Evening star., 1948-03-17
Oil
Continued From First Page }

would be possible to keep oil flow.
ing from the Middle East to West.
ern Europe in the event of a con.
flict with Russia.
Mr.. Forrestal said he Is not quail
if1ed to answer that-that he would
have to consult military experts.
"The answer would be a highly
complex one," he said.
Without mentioning Russia, Mr.
Hartman disclosed that an Amer
ican-owned company building the
Saudi Arabian pipeline has revised
its plans to provide an alternate
outlet for the oil In the Persian
Gulf.
This would be done "if conditions
required It," Secretary Hartman
said.
The pipeline was designed origin
ally to carry 100000 barrels of crude
oil daily from Saudi Arabia to the
Mediterranean Sea near Sidon ir
Lebanon.
Evening star., 1948-03-17
Truman Sends Greeting
To People of Ireland
By the Associated Press

President Truman sent heartiest
congratulations and best wishes to:
day to the people of Ireland
In a st. Patrick's Day message
addressed to President Sean T.
O'Kelly, Mr.. Truman said:
"On this national holiday of Ire
land, the people of the United States
send their heartiest congratulations
and best wishes to the people OF
Ireland"
Evening star., 1948-03-17
Middle Wins History Prize

ANNAPOLIS, Mar. II P.-Mid.
shipman Howard N. Kay of Mil.
waukee, Wis. has won the Colonia.
Daughters of the 17th Century
prize for excellence in history, the
Naval Academy announced yester.
day. The prize gives him life mem
bership in the Naval Institute.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-02-01
Too Much Antelope

Some days, game animals were
shy and kept well out of gun range.
Then cured meat and sour dough
was their fare. Often, they passed
through antelope country, where, in
the authors picturesque phrase, n
would have to look straight up not
to see the animals. There were an
telope behind, before, and all
around, as well as in the stomach,
until, he finished plaintively, he
was tired of antelope.
Tension grew, from fear of In
dams, who never showed them
selves, until, briefly, five Of them
appeared when the journey was
near its end. Probably the redmen
decided that the train, which before
Idaho territory was reached had in
creased to 172 men, women and chill
dren in 30 wagons, was too strong
to be molested.
It is difficult for the modern
mind, accustomed as it is to think
in terms of oiled highways, fast au-
tomobiles and convenient gas sta
tons, to imagine the slow, difficult
passage of a wagon train through
the mountains-or across the plains,
for that matter.
Oxen tired out, and died. An
other was traded to a Mormon set
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-02-01

10-Montono Former-Stocknon
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-02-01
Historical Sketches
of Montana
PRINTING CONES TO MONTANA
TwentY-third in q Series
Twenty-third in q Series
By ANNA NICKOL

By ANNA NICKOL
SATURDAY, AUG. %, 1863. "I
left Central City at z a. M, stage
fare to Denver, So; there were IL
passengers aboard the coach; ar
rived at Denver at $3.50 p. m. There
I met Beals and Tilton. I was to go
out to Bannack with their train,
which consisted of two wagons.
"Tilton had one wagon and three
yoke of cattle. Loaded with sta
tionery and a small printing press"
In this matter-of-fact fashion, N.
H. Webster began one of the most
informative of the old journals
which remain available.
Webster was then a very young
man. He had been hired by the
Beals he mentioned to take a load
of boots and shoes through the
mountains from Denver to Ban
mack. He received board and pas
sage in return for his labor.
I1OAA4oAAo > l. 1854 GoRCI
Young Daniel Tilton's load was
historically more important, since in
that wagon, for which a dozen oxen
plodded with the train, was the be-
ginning of Montana's first newspa-
per, The Montana Post. "a small
sheet, called the News Letter, had
made its appearance earlier, and
gone to a premature death.)
Daniel Tilton did not travel with
his wagon. Webster remarks that
a certain Ben Dittes drove for Til
ton on the same terms he himself
was doing for Beals, with the added
advantage that, should he get the
load through in good shape, he
would receive a full partnership in
the printing business. This promise,
he adds, was kept.
The journey which began in Cen
trail City, Colo, lasted almost two
months. At first travel was through
sunny, grass-grown country, with
pleasant camping sites. Then the
mountain roads grew sleeper, the
early fall foliage and fodder more
scant, the days shorter and the
nights colder. mo one is a prophet
of weather here" Webster wrote.
''These mines are only in their sec
ond year."
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-02-01

This ottoehment< in sizes de-
signed for use with Caterpillar
Diesel Do, D4 and Do Tractors,
offers easy operation, positive
oction end lots Of sturdy power to
handle any troctor-drown imple=
ment normally ALPHABETICALLY
controlled.
A single lever, within easy reach
Of the operator, controls the units
operation. The caterpillar Hy-
droulic implement Controls easily
attached or detached, permitting
quick transfer to or from opera.
fions requiring the use ofhydrouli-
cnlIv controlled tools.
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1948-04-03

men miiiien, unbea6tet boriiber5uee.
ben - miBtrauiid, falt feinolid De-
men gegeniiber, oeren aufmerfIam.
feiten 5u beargipobnen cine friibreife
uno bittere grfabrung iie gelebrt
bate.
SaBlid, reid llno - obne Wut-
ter! gielleidt bate iie, tpenn oie un-
ermiioli6e, inntge 3drtliffeit elmer
Nutter iie selenft llno eelettet bate,
eine gepiie slurnut ertporben, ienel
Eei5 ipenigitens, tpelder bon ben @e-
|iiGtern geliebter, gliidlider &inoer
ltrablt. a6er tie bate niemals ous
8liif zines Seims, oes Glternballles
gefannt, uno niemals bate cine ianf-
te Otutterbano ibre 8onge eeitrei-
I6elt uno ibre finoliden Srdnen 9es
trodnet.
Son friibeIter Sugeno an batte iie
|getpuBt, oaB iie li6 nit onoern Mao-
6en nidt meiIen fonnte; ibre melt
|gebenbIten grtnnerrneen 1nabnten lie
on alle idmer5baften Stideleien, Die
lie erouloet, an alle Spitnumen, mel
|de tbre Eeniionsgenoiiinnen ibr BET
|gelegt. SSbre 2ebrerinnen batten Mit-
leio nit ibr gebabt, obne iid inbelien
5u oteler ungeieaigen Natur beIons
oers binge5ogen 5ll fiiblen; man mrb=
te bie arme &leine ldnger fennen, Inn
lie gu lieben.
!gtit adt5ebn Sabren oerlieB lie oas
8eniionat; ibre nd6Iten Serpanoten
nabmen lie a1f: allein, lie fano feinen
beimiiden Serb; lie iab, oaB man eS
ibr betbringen pollte, li6 1nogli6lt
idnea 5u berbeiraten.
@etuiB, ibr 5artes Ser5, ibr inni=
|ges @erniit iebnte it6 nah elmer eiges
men Seimat, nod einem treuen S6iit=
ger, Deldem tie ibr ean5es rei6es
Setn bate tpeiben fonnen; lie iebnte
iih oarno6, 8eien ibr eigen 51 nen=
men, in oeren 9lugen ite polle ,3drtli6=
felt lelen fonnte, uno oie tie Iiebten,
unbefiimmert I'M ibr @eli6t.
s(ber piiroe lie iemanoen iinoen,
ser lte liebte?
(Sortiesung foIgt)
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1948-04-03

Isl, tuas SIR iagt!" berIette ser
Sitter. ~aomnt SIR ettpon bon
2anosbut? Son BORT fomnt nifts
@utes!"
God, ooh!" ladte Ser MieiIter.
~Sbr tperoet ia boren."
geioe ltieeen Die Sreppe binauf,
lno' in pehigen 4ugenbliden umarnt.
te Sans ieinen 6reuno 9ietri6 uno
Sen alten Martin bon IId.
Na6 ser erIten Sreuoe bes @ie=
oeriebens fonnte Damn Sans Stein=
|mee I'M 3uIammenbong er5dblen.
n@s lit eine quite &unoe, Die i'd
eud bringe," bub er an. uGor ipeni=
gen Sagen fam ih eben redt no6
Sanosbut, Inn 5u bore1, oaB Ser Ser
5og pl0tlih feline idmtli6en State emit
loiIen babe. Soaab, ba6te i6 mir,
mebt oa broben ouf ser Srausnis Elm
|anoerer @ino, 10 gfannlt bu's magen,
oort an5utlopfen ltnb naG5ufragen,
mics nit oem &irbenbau ltebt! Wan
riet mir, midi 5rDor an oes Ser5ogs
I&aplun gtifolaus pon ser 2eiter Sll
DenOen, Ser Elm gar fromner Serr lit
uno ourh beiien gl,ten ginfluB bie
bolen Gate entfernt tpurben. Ser So
iplon empfing midi freunoli6 llno
Duroe nod ber5li6er, als ih ib1n met.
men gtamen uno mein 8egebr melbete.
gr meinte, nit Dem 8au ipiiroe balo
|begonnen, ltno 10 Elm OteiIter pie id
lei geraoe re6t. @ntgegnete ib, es
feble nod Der &odl, Der be5 2anbes
lperpielen iei. 9a ld6elte er mtlo uno
lagte, es lei ifon bon mir, oaB i6
oes Jreunoes ni6t pergaBe. Gem
Tonne aber gebolfen lperoen. Sral1f
bate er cine lange llnterreoung nit
Dem 9er5og, llnb Oiel ler beldieo midi
5u lt6. Sd fiirhtete einen i6limmen
Gmpfung. God tpie mar t6 eritaunt,
/ Den Ser5og gan5 perdnOert 81 finben
- Gr iagte: 81, Weiiter, Sbr eetrout
gud anno6 nod 2a11osbut? Run, es
lei ou6 alles Sergangene Dergelien.
SIR leto pillfommen, uno oaB Ssbr
uns nit gurer &unIt beoienen pout,
ma6t @u6 @bre. Colt au6 Sen &0dl
oa5u baben.' - ,Serr, it's mogli6,
ueriette if. ,oaB Sbr 8nooe iiben
mollt an Dem 9lrmen? ? Sus Iobn' guf,
ser liebe Serrsott!' - Still ioste
er, ,eine fleine Strafe bat er tpobl
Iperoient, aber au6 id) babe gefeblt. gs
Ioa uber anoers 1peroen.' - 8erieste
id orauf: ,grlaubt, snaoiger Serr,
oaB i6 mid alllogleid entferne rno
Den Gietrid 5ltriidbole. - Sraete er
,@tBt Sbr oenn. mo- er iid aufbdlt2'
= Sagte if: ,Sreilif! gr lit auf bes
Sorringers Burg uno lit ou6 ser
II6 BEL ibn1.' - Meinte ser Seraog
80, BEL bem? 9as iiebt linn Gbnlih /:
lit linn 6od tpobl, tpenn er ,,ns et1pas
gum Srok Inn fann. Sod es iei! @ebt
meinetDegen nod SSettenbad uno ner-
meloet bem &odI un6 aud oem MIh,
leg iei alles bergeiien; tie iollten ipie-
Ohio Waisenfreund. [volume] (Pomeroy, O. [Ohio]) 1874-1953, 1948-04-03

orud CAB, baB iie 10 biele glbiaslin-
| gen erbalten babe.
gliane 9arnp ertpioerte ben mar
men @mpfang ser Serrin bes SauIes
piel falter. sic rei6te Dem olten
Sreunoe ibres Sbeims Die Sanb,
blidte Sugo faum an uno n1berte
Iiid Damn Dem &anlin, 5uriidbalteno,
Ifdmeisiam. ltnb Sugo? gr betrafte.
te iie nit einem Ser3flopfen, ipeldes
er, Ser ben umgang NIT 9amen ges
Eipobnt Dar, iid ear nift erfldren
fonnte. - 8ar es slufreeung, 8eue,
empfanb er @epiiensbine?
Sa, Iie Dar bdblid .. groB unb
imager, obne 6aB sic @eihmeioig.
felt Der Soiae bieien boppelten Seb.
Ter bdtte peroeden fonnen. Sic bate
|ausgepragte, l6arfe Siige, Elm ediges
Broftl, einen braunen Seint obne
Sriide, ineinanoer sepodiene Gu.
|genbrauen uno idmar5es, bartes
Saar. Sbre slugen tpGren idon ge=
Delen, butten lie nidt gar 10 etltg
uno miBtrauiId oreingeIcbout. Gem
@on5en mangelte iegIide Inmut unb
Sugeno. Sas 2infilde, Steife ibrer
Saltung uno ibrer Wanieren muBte
'unpilfiirlid ieoen abItoBen; tie ielbIt
|erIGten infolge oaoon INN mebrere
Sabre alter; lit es bo6 mabr, mas
einmal cine geiitrei6e Sron5olin ee.
Iagt bat: u@ine bdBltbe Srou mar
niemals jung"
6rau bon 4mbrepiGe uno ibre
Sreunoin ndterten itb ben pier5iger
Sabren, oaein ibr Serblt tpor blen-
oenoer als bieier 5riibling obne jeg-
|lide Sriide.
Sic NOR bdBli6, uno iie ipuBte es.
9ieies gewuBtlein ser eigenen Sdb-
|lidfeit bepobrte lie alerOings Dor
Eratentionen, ipel6e oie @elt IGder-
lid gefunoen bate, aber es raubte
ibr aucb ibre Ssugeno, oeren 9taioe=
tdt, bereh Sarmloiisteit, oeren Sim
gebung, oeren Gertroueu. gtientols
bate lie Elm frobes @iufonunen aus
|anoeren slugen la6eln ieben uno oa
batte lie iid) bei5eiten ooran geipob=