davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-05-24
Martin SaysCon Game
lBy Administration
Baked Budget Cut
By the Asseeiotsd Press

House Speaker Martin came to
the defense of his Republican COL
leagues today on the issue of trim
ming the Federal budget.
It's not the fault Of Congress
that no spectacular pairing has been
done; rather the administration has
been playing "con game" in
money matters. the Massachusetts,
lawmaker declared.
Speaker Martin thus took in
direct exception to the remarks
of Senator Bridges of New Hamp-
shire, another New England Re-
publican, who last week said too
many Senators aren't living up to
their commitments.
Speaker Martin didn't mention
the Bridges remark, but he told
reporters:
Before we're done, we'll cut
more than $4,000, 100000 from what
President Truman has requested" ;"
Chided About Pledge.
1t was that two-and-one-ha
billion dollar budget trim m n g
pledge voted by Congress earlier
this year that prompted Senator
Bridges to chide his fellow Senators
The Senate was in the process Of
passing a record $640253 200 water
ways program. 1t had just beaten
back an attempt to lop 5000 ,000, 900
from the total
Senator Bridges took the floor to
say he is aware that 1T takes CUTS
to vote for economy in the face Of
pressure and propaganda"
But, he added, Congress ought to
abolish the two-year-old law that
requires the budget-cutting promise
if the lawmakers are not going to
make a better effort to live up to it.
Cites New Demands.
One reporter asked Speaker Mar
tin whether he thinks Republican
control of Congress has brought
about any overall economies. The
speaker replied:
How can we cut expenses when
the administration sends up money
demands we never dreamed of?
We can cut original budgets, but we
can't economize with all these new
demands-ERP and all the rest.
That's a con game to ask one
figure and then ask about $l0,000,-
000, 900 more"
Speaker Martin said the Repub-
an-dominated Congress has al
ready made substantial savings over
the administrations requests" and
he added:
They'd be even larger if we had
the cooperation Of the administra-
ton"
The budget pledge was
voted at a time when Federal spend
ing in the year starting July / was
estimated at $39, ,70O, 600, 900.
Since then President Truman has
said military spending will have to
be increased by some $4,000, 100000.
Defense Fund Increased.
But Congress went the White
House $822,000, 900 better on the
first defense bill of this session. 1t
provided that amount for a start
toward a 70-group air force, where
as the administration had pledged
for only 55-group program, then
offered to comprmise on 66 groups.
The main argument in Congress
was that by concentrating on air
power this country might be able to
avoid some other costly prepared
ness outlays-perhaps the draft,
certainly4uniyersal military training,
The administration has insisted
that the Nation needs balanced"
defense program. President Tru-
man in signing the bill carrying the
1922 ,000, 900 extra fund served notice
that he might not spend it.
Evening star., 1948-05-24
WhottheRussiuns
Are Saying of Us

The MoscoU radio, broadcastin
to the Middle East, said:
The Iranian reactionaries, as
if commanded by the foreign
circles with which they are in
association, have raised hue
and cry saying that war is newt
able. They hurl accusations and
calumnies by prattling about an
imaginary and dangerous COM
promise between the Northern
and Southern neighbors.
ITO prevent the realization OF
this so-called danger they pro-
pose to join forces with a third
party Then they helpfully intro
duce America as this third party"
Evening star., 1948-05-24
All, 900 Are Checked
In X-Ruy Drive Here

The Washington chest X-ray
campaign has checked 1000 per-
sons, survey officials announced to-
day.
At the same time they expressed
hope that many more of the re-
mainder of the citys population
would be X-rayed before the cam
paign to check tuberculosis ends
June Is.
OF those already examined. less
than per cent have been advised
to seek further chest study, 1t was
said.
Waterfront workers in Auckland
New Zealand, are demanding free
milk.
Evening star., 1948-12-18
Montgomery Decision

The prompt action by the Maryland
Court of Appeals in upholding the validity
OF the forthcoming charter council election
in Montgomery County removes the threat
OF chaos that had been hanging over the
county'S government. AS the Montgomery
County Circuit Court earlier this week had
pointed out, invalidating of the election
would have created hiatus in govern
ment for nearly two years. Such period
OF uncertainty as to the legality of con-
tinued rule by commissioners rejected by
the voters in November could have had
disastrous results for all residents of the
county.
Now the citizens of the county may 90
to the polls on January with full con-
f1dence in the constitutionality of their
new self-rule form of government and
free from the worries of challenging litiga-
tion. Marylands appellate tribunal is the
States court of last resort so the slate is
wiped clean of delaying suits by last-ditch
opponents of the charter This is whole
some development and clear-cut victory
for the overwhelming majority of citizens
who voted to run their own county without
traditional reliance on the State LegiSla-
ture. Montgomerys experiment in nome
rule will be critical test that may deter
mine the future spread of the charter
movement in the State at large. The
county has the best wishes of voteless
District citizens
Evening star., 1948-12-18
Intelligence Still Luqs

In calling military intelligence the first
line of defense" the Hoover Commissions
Committee on Security has not exaggerated
the Importance of this too-long neglected
phase of national preparedness. It is all
the more deplorable, therefore, to learn
that, three years after the close of World
War II, we are woefully weak in the field
of collecting and properly evauating
foreign intelligence. According to she sub
committee headed by Ferdinand Eberstadt,
there are still disturbing inadequacies" in
the Nations intelligence system.
It is hard to understand why the armed
services have failed to profit from the
costly lessons of the past in such an
elementary matter, for example, as the
selection of intelligence officers. Yet the
Eberstadt group asserts that the military
intelligence agencies still are plagued by
poor choice of personnel and rapid rota-
ton of officers. Other agencies, including
House Military Affairs Subcommittee,
have called attention to these defects. The
House committee recommended creation of
career" intelligence corps in the armed
services, made up of officers carefully
| picked for intelligence duties and kept on
| those duties permanently just as infantry,
quartermaster and other officers are re-
tanned in their respective branches Yet
the Eberstadt investigation showed that
Co., the Army intelligence branch, has
had seven chiefs in as many years, "some
of them with no prior intelligence expe-
rience whatsoever"
l The Hoover group found that some
Evening star., 1948-12-18
Harmony on the Record Front

Music lovers generally, as well as un-
employed musicians, will benefit by the
Government-approved welfare fund plan
Just placed in effect by the recording
industry and the American Federation of
Musicians (James c. Petrillo-AFL). For
the stamp of approval put on the fund by
Attorney General Clark-whatever the
legal basis for his action-brings to
an end the arbitrary ban on union
recordings proclaimed by Music "Czar''
Petrlllo nearly year ago. Since then
the only new recordings have been those
imported from Mexico and other countries,
supplemented by few allegedly from
bootleg" sources None of the routstand-
Ing artists or orchestras has cut a record
during the past year.
Mr.. Clark. in effect, has given the
industry and the federation an advisory
opinion that the welfare fund plan is not
In violation of the Taft-Hartley Act
Although it is traditionally the policy of
the Department of Justice not to give
ADVISORY opinions to persons or groups
outside the Government, the Attorney
General technically avoided setting a
precedent by relaying his opinion to the
record makers and the union by way of
the Secretary of Labor
Viewed solely from a nonlegalistic angle,
the agreement seems to be happy solu-
tion for difficult problem. Mr.. Petrillo
had been forced by the Taft-Hartley law
TO drop his original welfare fund program,
under which royalties destined for the
fund went into the unions treasury for
disbursement as union officials decreed.
Ing funds to Representatives of employees"
and forbids employees from accepting such
payments. Mr.. Petrillo refused to permit
his musicians to make any more record
ings until some satisfactory welfare fund
arrangement was made. The new agree
ment sets up trust fund administered
by third party, Samuel r. Rosenbaum,
director of the Philadelphia Orchestra
Association. This arrangement was salts
factory to the record manufacturers and
the union. 1t became Immediately effec-
tive when Mr.. Clark gave his blessing to
it, too
The new welfare plan will benefit the
public not only through resumption OF
record making but by free concerts to be
provided by unemployed musicians. These
concerts will be given in connection with
patriotic, charitable, educational anc
similar noncommercial functions. Because
there is only one trustee, the welfare
program will not be subject to trustee
deadlocks of the type that have disrupted
the coal miners program. All in all, II
Evening star., 1948-12-18
Churchmen and Mundane Affairs


doctrine old but yet tenacious was reiter-
ated IN these columns few days ago (Decem-
Der 15) by Carlyle B. Haynes, namely, that
churchnen should mind their own business
which is religion, and stop interfering with
more mundane affairs.
Mr.. Haynes letter reveals both a complete
lack of understanding Of the function of reli-
gion as well as an ignorance of the facts First,
as to fact. He assumes that the group of
Catholic bishops, unskilled and unpracticed in
jurisprudence are quite without competence"
in the intricate field of jurisprudence and,
therefore, should refrain from making any
pronouncements whatever in this field. Evi-
IDENTIFY he is completely unaware of the fact
that the bishops statement is based on COM
prehensive historical studies on the relation of
state church and education in American life
made by the legal department of the National
Catholic Welfare Conference and many other
Catholic lawyers and legal scholars.
Again Mr.. Haynes assumes that the church.
men in the Feceral Council of Churches of
Christ in America and those participating in
the World Council of Churches in Amsterdam
issued their pronouncements without serious
study and consultation with leading authorities
in the various specialized fields Such is not
the case.
Even more distressing than the assumption
that such statements are made by completely
unqualified and other-worldly churchmen is
Mr.. Haynes complete misunderstanding of
what these men are saying Furthermore, he
seems entirely. unaware of the necessary rela-
tionship between religion and other walks OF
life.
These pronouncements of churchmen arc
statements of prnciples-basic, fundamental
Christian, ethical principles. They are not de-
tailed blueprints whose purpose is to regulate
mans every activity. It Is up to our statesmen
politicians, economists and jurists actually to
put these principles into practice When the
World Council of Churches condemns commu-
nism, it does so because communism is funda-
mentally atheistic and incompatible with a
Christian society. When they condemn 'laissez
faire' capitalism it is because unregulated
capitalism is predcated on the idea of individ-
ual aggrandizement without the necessary
restraining influence of social responsibility
When Catholic, Protestant and Jewish church.
men speak on such matters, they do so not
because they have natural propensity TO:
interfering, but because they are strictly mind
ing their own business, l. e., leading men to
God by giving proper guidance as to moral con-
duct in the various spheres of mans activity.
Is Mr.. Haynes prepared to defend the state
ment that religion and business should notSbe
confused? Have ethics and morality no place
in economics, politics, diplomacy or jurispru-
dence? Is businessman justified in selling
| aduterated products or engaging in false OF
| misleading advertising on the grounds that this
is good business? Is labor leader justified in
| fomenting an unnecessary strike that brings
great hardship on the entire Nation, merely
because it might give some immediate benefit
Evening star., 1948-12-18
TIGHTER Spy Lows

There is refreshingly constructive note
In Attorney General Clark's announce
ment that his department will be ready
next month to submit to Congress specific
proposals for Strengthening the espionage
statutes.
The Attorney General did not 60 into any
detail in describing the prospective amend
ments, and that, of course is proper. His
announcement, however, may be inter-
preted as meaning that the disclosures
which have come out of the Hiss-Chambers
affair are being taken seriously by the ad-
ministration, and that there will be a real
effort to close up, as far as possible, exist
ing legal loopholes.
1t would be easy to draw contrary in
ference from the three-way verbal battle
still going on among the President, the
House Committee on Un-American Ac-
tivities and the Department of Justice
Despite the espionage disclosures and the
indictment of Alger Hiss for perjury, Mr..
Truman still clings to his red herring
story. Evidently he feels that he is stuck
with it, so why not let him alone? The
Department of Justice, or rather a New
4OIh SpOAcoIIdH 1OT Tie department. VINO
was not willing to let his name be used. &C
cuses some bungler on the staff of the
House committee of running roll of micro
hlm. This spokesman added the COM
mountaineering in the light of the effort
in some quarters to belittle this whole busi-
ness-that the mishap may have pre-
vented the possible indictment of an entire
wartime espionage ring" The House Com
mittee replies in language that is both
loud and purple, the gist of the reply
being that there is no word of truth in
the spokesmans accusation and that the
Department of Justice knew it.
The Importance of this free-swinging
exchange should not be overestimated..
For actually it really is not very important.
1t may be spectacular, but essentially it is
sideshow. The important thing is that
the fact of successful espionage has been
established and that administration
appears to be moving, somewhat belatedly
perhaps, but nonetheless with determina-
ton, to prosecute all of those who can be
prosecuted for past offenses and to erect
new safeguards against successful espio-
mage in the future. If this much can be
accomplished the exchange of pleasantries
already referred to can be viewed in the
light OF its true Importance, which is slight
Evening star., 1948-12-18
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.

Q. How many States have State-supported
alcoholic clinics?-D M
A. Connecticut, Wisconsin and Virginia havs
State-supported alcoholic clinics. according tn
the American Public welfare Association Sew.
eral other States are contemplating legislation
to provide such clinics.
Q. Is there fish which carries its vouno
IN pouch?-L. c. S.
A. The male sea horse carries the eggs of its
young IN sort OF pouch in which they are laid
oy tne female After they hatch the young re-
main In the pouch until old enough to forage
Tor themselves Two hundred or more NAV
hatch at one time
@. Was Alexander Hamilton the author of
Washingtons Farewell Address2-D TIE
A. Although many historians believe that
Alexander Hamilton was actually the author of
WashlngtonS Farewell Address, SAKE Commins
IN his Basic Writings of George Washington"
has cited letter written in Washington's own
hand to James Madison about four years before
the address was printed in September. 1896,
that contains essentially all the ideas found in
the body of that speech.
@. In what year were the parks in Boston
closed to automobile trafic?-N E. G.
A. The Boston parks were closed to motor
vehicles from 10 am. to pm In 1899 because
OF runaway horses.
O. How many times has the United States
drafted men for the armed services in peace
time?-C. M
A. The present Selective Service Act is the
second peacetime draft. The first was the
selective Service and Training Act Of 1910.
Evening star., 1948-12-18
All, Sweet Mystery!

II he wants to mortify his flesh and pass
through somewhat humbling experience,
man should devote whole day to Christ
mas shopping. The rush, the press of
crowds, the elbowing, the difficult deci-
sions to be made in choosing between this
artlcle and that, the footsore parading
back and forth from one store to another,
the frenzied struggle to keep packages to-
gether in ones overladen arms, the ennui
OF mind, the depression of spirit, the terri
Die physical fatigue, the almost irrepres-
slble desire to scream, the excruciating
eagerness to be out of it and back home
relaxing in the big living room chair-all
this, and more besides, is available now
TO any male who has grown soft and
whose body and soul are in need of little
hardening up
Certainly, not less than sleeping on
bed of nails, the ordeal of Christmas
shopping has something to be said for it
as a physical and spiritual discipline for
excessively self-indulgent men. More than
that, however, it has something to be said
for 1t as an experience that will open their
eyes-if they need to be opened-to the
truly phenomenal and infinitely mystify-
ing nature of woman. There she struggles
In the mass. There she answers elbow
blow with elbow blow. There she marches
from store to store, down one aisle and up
the next, from top floor to basement.
There she picks and chooses, hour after
hour There she ladens herself with
enough parcels to distress a beast of
burden. And at the end of it all, as she
heads for bus, trolley or taxi, there she
is with smile on her face, formidably
cheerful and apparently as unruffled and
energetic as when she started out in the
morning.
An, woman! All, sweet mystery of life!
How can man look upon her on crowded
F street without feeling at once awed and
humbled? Shopping does something to
her. She may seem weary at other times,
she may even be the swooning type, but
when she sallies forth to the stores, she is a
creature transformed, inspired, stimulated.
excited, filled with boundleSs verve-a veri-
table dynamo of apparently indestructible
flesh capable of enduring the most fearsome
kind OF buffeting. And always with that
unbelievable smile! Deep within her,
surely, there must be fathomless wells of
energy or bottomless pits of moral and
physical stamina incomprehensible to us
ordinary males, and beyond our reach
forever. Frailty her name? Nonsense,
Shakespeare! The weaker sex? O, fatuous
humbug!
Evening star., 1948-12-18

what haphazard methods" prevail in the
assignment of officers to vital intelligence
work. That the results also are some
times haphazard is only to be expected
and the committee reported finding evi-
dence of just that sort of intelligence.
The only reassuring note in the report
is the statement that, on paper at least,
the present Central Intelligence Agency
setup is sound one. It is evident that if
the system is improved by better personnel
policies, better coordination among par
allel intelligence branches and better
evaluation of information at the top level,
the security of the Nation will be mate
rally strengthened
Evening star., 1948-12-18
The Journeymen

Who turns his ankle on stone
And Hmps forever as he goes,
Finds comfort for the aching bone
Remembering the ,oaySide rose:
And he who misses bloom and berry,
Keeping his pathway topard a goal,
May be, If he is able, merry
TO think he kept his sandals whole .. I.
Oh, one may match for stones and find
them,
One grasp fo1Uer and take bruiSe-
Neither can stay wtat walks behind him,
So softly, In such easy shoes.
YETZA GILLESPIE.
Evening star., 1948-12-18
Nobody's MONOPOLY

Premier Henry Queuille of France has
In his possession a one-sentence telegram
of very great significance Dated Decem-
Der Is, and signed by Frederic Joliot-Curie,
it says, simply, I'VE are happy to announce
that today, at 1912, the first French atomic
pile went into operation"
What this means is that France, under
the leadership of DR.. Joliot- Curie, its Com
munist High Commissioner for Atomic
Energy, has achieved what the United
States achieved on December 2, 1912
namely, the successful operation of a
nuclear reactor, the essential basis of
mans ability to harness. the atoms awe
some power for either war or peace.
Frances achievement, of course, marks
but beginning for Frenchmen. Their
single pile can produce only minute
amount of plutonium, the pure nuclear
fuel that constitutes the explosive content
of the A-bomb. Nevertheless. If they want
to expend the time, money and effort
needed to build the vast plants essential
to the production of atomic energy for
military or other purposes, they can get
that production. For the fact is that once
any country succeeds in setting up
reactor that works, it knows the fiSsion
theory we'll enough to produce on large
scale.
In this connection, it is instructive to
recall that less than three years after it
had achieved what France has now
achieved, the United States was able to
wipe out Hiroshima with an A-bomb. A
L,,;l5
Ing, experimentation, crude uranium, and
dollar expenditures was necessary to pro-
duce that weapon after the birth of the
atomic age in December, 1912, but still
with the close collaboration and fndispen-
sable help of the British and Canadians
we managed to produce it before the third
anniversary of our first successful opera
ton of a nuclear reactor.
Up until the Joliot-Curie announcement,
Canada and Britain were the only countries
In the world known to be on par with us
In their ability to operate a plutonium-
producing atomic pile Now France must
be numbered in the group, and despite the
silence behind the Iron Curtain, the Soviet
Union probably belongs in it, too. Specula-
ton In this respect can be decidedly sober
ing. Thus, if we assume that they have
recently succeeded in building a nuclear
reactor and that they are giving top
priority to the project, we must also assume
that the Russians may be turning out
A-weapons in quantity by 1882 For if
we could do it in less than three years,
what is inconceivable about their being
able to do it in four or five?
In any event, the telegram to Premier
Queuille serves to remind everybody that
there is no such thing as an American
atomic monopoly. At the moment we may
have certain important chronological ad-
vantages, and some phases of our knowl-
edge may still be exclusive But the basic
secrets" are open to the world in the
science of nuclear physics. Sooner or later
and probably sooner than later-every
major power, particularly Russia, should
be able to match our achievement. All of
which means that unless there is inter-
national control, we are going to see an
armaments race deadly enough to threaten
the virtual annihilation of mankind.
Evening star., 1948-12-18
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
,ortter, although it Is permissible for
t0riter kno10n to The Star to use
a nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1948-12-18

looks like things are going to be a lot
more harmonious in the recording field
during the coming wear,
Evening star., 1948-12-18
Questions and Answers

-, reader can get the answer TO any question
~ " !act Dy writing The Evening Star Information
P,.. PP,H.eau zig Eye street NE, Washington 3 D e.
riease lhciose three CD cents for return postazs
Evening star., 1948-12-18

to his particular union? Is q government JUS
tilted in hquidating millions OF people who OPP
pose Its policies because this is good politics?
If such actions are reprehensible If they are
immoral, who is to tell the business leader the
labor leader, the politician, that this is wrong?
Who is to enunciate the principles by which
such activities can be gauged? In whose realm
does the question of morality of action lie-the
businessman's, the politicians or the church.
mans? WILLIAM A. HAYES,
Graduate Hall, Catholic University.