davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
,oriter, although it is permissible for
,Driter kno1Dn to The Star to use
nom de plume. Please be brief.

make the United Nations work. That is,
we must evolve the u N. into a real
world government organization. Permanent
peace is not possible under the conditions of
international anarchy prevailing today. Once
we realize that worldwide peace and security
can be obtained only by worldwide law and
order, half the battle for world government is
won.
AS far as the theological conflict between
capitalism and communism is concerned I
believe that time will resolve the differences
between the two systems. Whether a COL
lectivist society such as the Russian idealsts
envsion is possible or whether such society
is worth the sacrifices of the Russian people
today, is not known at this time. We Americans
believe in private property society, but to
what extent shall property rights be superior
to human rights or mass welfare? Who should
control the increasing concentration Of industry
Government or big business?
1t is my conviction that we never may survive
to learn the answers to these questions unless
we, as citizens Of one world, establish inter-
national law and order and peace and security
by means Of a world government organization
WALTER I. WEED.
Evening star., 1948-01-14

neighbors, Dean and Mrs. Henry George Lid
dell-Lorina, Edith and Alice. For the last Of
these youngsters he entertained special affec-
ton. On July 4, 1862, he undertook to row
the sisters up the Isis to Godstow Bridge for
a picnic. Alice herself long afterwards wrote:
"The beginning of Alice was told me one
summer afternoon when the sun was so hot
that we landed in the meadows down the river,
deserting the boat to take refuge in the only
bit of shade to be found, which was under
a newly made hayrick. Here from all three
came the petition of Tell us story, and so
began the ever-delightful tale. Sometimes to
tease us-perhaps being really tired-Mr.
Dodgson would stop suddenly and say, And
that's all till next time. 'Ah, but 1t is next
time, would be the exclamation from all
three; and after some persuasion the story
would start afresh. Another day, perhaps the
story would begin in the boat, and Mr.. Dodgson,
in the middle of telling a thrilling adventure,
would pretend to go fast asleep, to our great
dsnay -"
The Adventures" Published
To Alice specifically posterity owes the actual
writing of the book She begged for copy
that she could keep, with the result that on
Christmas Day, 1862, Mr.. Dodgson gave to her
the original manuscript Of "Alices Adventures
Underground" the title of his earliest choice.
The text was his own lettering, the illustrations
his own sketching-plus photograph of Alice
which he himself had taken with his own
camera.
Two thousand copies of the premier edition
were printed by the oxford University Press
but were withdrawn as unsatisfactory" to
Lewis Carroll" as he then pretended to be
called-at least in that connection. The Mac
milan Company brought out the second edition
with the title "Alice's Adventures in Wonder
land" It was mentioned in the catalogue of
1865 as: With 40 illustrations by John Ten
niel; PIP. 1872, CT. 8vo. Cloth, gilt edges, sl1il-
ings.' Alice received one of these copies. She
then was about ten and Mr.. Dodgson was 80.
How devoted he was to his young friend may
be discovered from the last paragraph of the
story, reading: Lastly, she pictured to herself
how this same little sister of hers would, in the
after-time be herself grown woman; and how
she would keep, through all her ripper years,
the simple and loving heart of her childhood:
And how she would gather about her other
little children, and make their eyes bright and
eager with many strange tale, perhaps even
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Berlin as Touchstone

Trouble with the Russians over Berlin
has been expected by both Washington
and London ever since the breakdown Of
the Foreign Ministers Conference and the
subsequent actions of the English-speak-
ing powers to merge their respective zones
of occupied Germany into an economic
unit which could be fitted into the Mar
shall Plan for European recovery.
A strong intimation that such trouble
is in the wind has just been given by
leading editorial in the Soviet Army paper
published in Berlin. Signed by Red
Army officer, it categorically accuses Amer
lea and Britain of having violated the
Allied Control Authority by what amounts
to partition" of Germany, and says that
this action will "unavoidably lead to a
change in the occupation status of Berlin"
The editorial concludes: There is no
room in Berlin for adherents of the parti-
ton of Germany"
This pronouncement typifies the cas-
uistry which, in Moscow, passes for logic.
Washington and London have sedulously
avoided taking any step which could
nationally be interpreted as partition.
Economic integration of the American and
British zones was taken regretfully in con-
sequence of Moscow's fragrant breach of
the Potsdam Agreement to treat occupied
Germany as an economic unit. The new
economic field. But this does not suit
Moscow, which wishes to keep Germany in
economic paralysis, meanwhile perfecting
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Letters to The Star
Protests Bus Stop Change
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
As an added inconvenience to the patrons Of
the Capital Transit Co., the bus stop at Benton
street and Huidekoper place NV, has been
eliminated.
So wrote a letter voicing my protest to the
company, and reply was received from which
quote: "A change in the location of stops to
which you refer was ordered on December 10
by the Public Utilities Commission for the pur-
pose of providing more satisfactory and safer
aighting point for patrons particularly in bad
and icy weather and to expedite the starting of
buses from the stop as recommended by U.s."
But wish the company, the commission or
any one else concerned would tell me how the
removal of the stop at Benton street and
Huidekoper place can make 1t safer for the
patrons when the new stop is near the top of
a hill and when the former bus stop was
lf-block further and on level ground.
How does stopping on an icy mill expedite
the starting Of buses from the stop?
ANNE w. LINDSAY.
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Keeping Track of Storms

An agreement just worked out between
the Weather Bureau and leading steam
ship companies should result in more
accurate weather forecasting along the
Atlantic Coast. Under an arrangement
completed with forty steamship lines
operating about four hundred and fifty
ships, the Weather Bureau will receive
daily radio reports regarding weather
conditions at sea. This will enable the
forecasters to chart the course of disturb
ances off the Eastern seaboard and to
warn residents when hurricanes or snow
storms take notion to curve toward land.
A similar system was in force before the
late war and it was greatly amplif1ed for
military and naval purposes during the
war. After hostilities ceased, however, the
program collapsed with the withdrawal of
naval vessels from patrol duty. Effecting
a new arrangement with merchant vessels
became necessary. This has been slow
process, requiring personal interviews with
scores of shipowners and operating per-
sonnel. The plan will work both ways,
the ships exchanging reports on current
conditions in their area for forecasts and
technical data emanating from the
Weather Bureau.
Had this program been in operation at
the time of the recent snowstorm in New
York and New England, it is probable that
those areas would have been better pre-
pared for the record-breaking SHOWS
which suddenly swept upon them from the
Atlantic. The New York City forecast on
the eve of the great snowfall was for
cloudy weather, with occasional snow"
Instead, the heaviest snowfall in the citys
history developed The forecaster had no
reports from sea to aid him in judging the
course of the storm, which was well off
the coast when he made his estimate of
the situation. without reliable observa-
Evening star., 1948-01-14
~&~ G~M

decades after It's original publication.
The Alice of both books. as portrayed by
the artist of CAROLS selection, is a combina-
ton of Alice Lddell and Mary Hilton Badcock,
daughter of canon at Ripon Cathedral.
Lewis photographs of both girls were used by
Tenniel in the development Of his standard
"type"-and he won a knighthood for his
success.
But Mr.. Dodgson did not neglect his primary
vocation while he INDUCED in his hobbies. In
1866 he produced another heavy mathematical
book, CONDENSATION of Determinants" followed
in 1868 by "The Fifth Book of Euclid Treated
Algebraically." Thus the routine of his career
continued During the university terms he
lectured; in "the happy summer days" he went
to different seaside resorts and took his camera
with him, photographing Tennyson, Ruskin
Salisbury, Ellen and Kate Terry, the Rossetti
family, the Burne- Jones and the Macdonalds,
and legions OF children. All classes Of people
appreciated him. His genius for friendship
was as compelling as his imaginative humor
Eventually the list OF his writings filled IL
pages of closely printed type. The fact of his
Identification with Lewis Carroll naturally be-
came well known in England, but Mr.. Dodgson
always smilingly declared that he neither
claimed nor acknowledged" any relation Alice
remained his ideal hild-friend" to the end.
Alice's Later Years.
She grew up at oxford and at Llandudno
where William Blake Richmond painted her in
the company of her sisters. Finally In 1885
she married Reginald Gervis Hargreaves, a
typical country gentleman with whom she lived
happily for 40 years at Cuf1nells, Lyndhurst
Two of their three sons were officers who were
killed in the First World War; her third boy
was in the Scots Guards and lived to be the
father of another Alice. In 1928 Mrs. Har-
greaves personally carried to Sotheby's auction
rooms in London the precious original manu-
script of Lewis CAROLS immortal gift-and
saw 1t sold for 15,400 pounds, record sum.
This week, in commemoration OF the author,
it is on exhibition in the Library Of Congress.
No printed work save the King James Bible and
Shakespeare Is more widely quoted.
Mrs Hargreaves died in November, 1894.
Shortly before her passing, Oxford had given
her the degree of Doctor of Letters, which, in
"a small but clear voice." she had accepted
with these words and no others II feel that
Mr.. Dodgson knows and rejoices with me in
the honor you are doing him."
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Stars, Men and Atoms
Two New Woys Found
Of Separating Isotopes
Bureau of Standards Experts Devise
Methods in Atomic Research
By Thomas n. Henry

Bureau of Standards Experts Devise
Methods in Atomic Research
By Thomas r. Henry
Two new methods Of separating isotopes-
accomplishment Of which Is q cornerstone Of
the atomic age-have been developed ut the
Bureau Of Standards.
Each Of the 96 known elements contains
atoms Of slightly different weights. The aver
age carbon atom, for example, weighs about
II times Is much q an atom Of hydrogen.
simplest and nghtest Of the elements Carbon
atoms exist, however, which weigh approx
imately IS and II times as much as Q hydrogen
atom. The different atomic weights Of the
same element are known as isotopes.
All the forms Of an element have precisely
the same chemical reactions. Thus there -
no chemical means Of separating them. Phys
ically, however. they may have quite different
properties sufficient 10 make them different
forms Of matter.
One Of Worst Obstacles.
The problem Of separating them has been
one Of the great obstacles TO atomic research.
The whole atomic bomb project. for example,
depended on an efficient means Of separating
two elements Of uranium-U2s5. which initi-
ated q chain reaction when bombarded with
slow neutrons, and U238, which did not.
Several physical methods Of separation have
been devised, none of which is very efficient.
The actual weight difference between isotopes
OF the same element is almost inf1nitesimably
minute and it Is the only difference by which
separation can be accomplished. Different
systems work best with different elements.
Relatively pure concentrations Of isotopes are
essential for their use In biological and med
ical experiments, in which they promise revolu.
tionary developments
One Of the new methods just announced at
the Bureau of Standards is counter current
electromigration. 1t depends on the WELL
known property Of an element placed in an
electrolytic cell to concentrate on one of the
poles-the basic process Of electroplating.
Weight Determines Speed.
The bureau scientists found that heavier
isotopes move across the cell at slightly less
speed than lighter ones. In the liquid of the
cell a stream flow is set up In the opposite
direction to the movement Of the atoms and
with precisely the speed Of the heavier isotopes.
Consequently they cannot make headway
against it and will be swept back while the
lighter ones continue to the opposite pole Of
the cell. This method Is being used partic-
ularly for separation of isotopes Of potassium
and chlorine, both of which have wide use
In biological experiments.
A second development is that Of an isotope
"still" which has proved the most efficient yet
found for separating the isotopes Of mercury,
light from one of which is about to be adopted
as the worlds basic length standard. Separa-
tion by any other means has been extremely
slow and laborious. The newly devised still
also is expected to prove of value for separating
different hydrocarbons, Of which there are
hundreds in such product as petroleum, the
difference in weight Of whose molecules Il
extremely small.
Evening star., 1948-01-14

tions at sea 1t is difficult to predict what
such q storm-or hurricane in season
will do. The revived and amplified ship
reporting system will be a boon to the
harassed forecaster, therefore, who must
face not only the vagaries of the elements
but the wrath of critical public. Any
thing which will ease the burden of the
weather man and provide the public with
better weather information will be most
welcome to both.
Evening star., 1948-01-14

son, but the world knows
him as Lewis Carroll.
Born in the village Of
Daresbury in Cheshire,
January ~. 1882, he fol-
lowed his father into a
clerical career, yet he
was by more definite
vocation a mathema-
tician. From Rugby he
went to Oxford as a
prizewinning scholar In
1850 and as a mathe-,
matical lecturer at
Christ Church from 1854
to 1881. His first pub
lications we're "A Sylla-,
bus Of Plane Algebraical
Geometry" and "The
Formulae of Plane
Trigonometry," issued in
1860 and 1861, respec-
lively.
Meanwhile, he had
cultivated the friendship
of q number of small
children, including the
three daughters of his
Evening star., 1948-01-14

happy summer days."
Such lines could not
have been penned by
. person who did not
care nor given to . per-
son who did not respond.
The partnership" be-
tween the mathematics
teacher and Dean Lid
dell's Alice lasted-his-
torically still lasts be-
yond their lives. BY
1898 no less than 156, 900
authorized copies Of
their" story had been
sold. A French trans
lation appeared In 1859,
a German shortly after
wards, then an Italian.
The companion volume
in CAROLS English,
Through the Looking
Glass and What Alice
Found There" likewise
illustrated by John
Tenniel, was released
in 1871. It's sales
reached 100000 In two
Evening star., 1948-01-14

General Marshall's all-or nothing plea
for European recovery calls to mind the
words of another general-Adolphus w.
Greely, the Arctic explorer. When member
of Congress. asked General Greely if he
couldn't install a submarine cable for half
the money he was asking, he replied that
he could, but added, "It's only fair to tell
you that it will reach only halfway there"
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Correction

It was enormously stated in an editorial
yesterday that the Governor of Virginia
had recommended a sales tax. The rec
ommendation came from the Moses Tax
Study Commission, authorized by the Leg
islature and appointed by the Governor.
The Governor is against the sales tax.
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Arsument for World Government


To the Editor OF The Star:
History is replete with evidence OF civiliza-
tions that have fallen by the wayside along
the path of time. Many of these were great
in their glory but each and every one OF them
was characterized by tendency to live by the
sword.
Is our present civilization to follow this path
or can we learn to live together peacefully?
Can We learn to settle our disputes by knowl-
edge and reason peacefully? Can we eliminate
our blind, dogmatic beliefs and prejudices which
so often lead us to the use of force? Can we
obtain peace and security in our time?
1t is tendency today, in trying to answer
these questions, to restrict ourselves to but
two schools of thought-the militant capitalist
and the militant Communist. Each firmly
believes that peace and security can, be main
tained only if it has more military power and
more friendly neighbors than the other. Each
tends to believe that it has monopoly on
truth and right.
subscribe to neither of these doctrines Tor
I believe that they will result, sooner or later,
in a bloodier and more costly war than history
yet has known. say this with little fear OF
contradiction, for peace based on balance OF
power never has been peace, but merely
period of truce between wars Furthermore,
the doctrine that might makes right is one to
which never will subscribe.
What then is the third answer to the question
Of how peace and security can be obtained IN
our world In our times? I say that we must
Evening star., 1948-01-14

O. For now Iduy years 1Ane sa0 oN~~~
car been popular?-L. f. r.
A. The closed car began 70 bs used IN
1920 and has been popular ever since.
. @. Does the driving Of an automobile cause
extra wear and tear on fur coatP-D: D.
A. According to fur experts, 1t does. Ihere
is friction at the shoulder blades elbows.
lower part of the back and also at the
cuffs which rub against the steering wheel.
@. When was the slogan "ovsr the top"
first used?-K. K.
A. This slogan had It's origin in the trenches
Of the Allies during the first World war.
It was the order given to the soldiers IN
the trenches to climb out and charge the
enemy lines.
@, What is the annual rainfall in Egypt'
B. D.
A. Egypt is practically rainless outside the
northern half of the Delta. In Upper Egypt
showers occur at irregular intervals. frequently
several years apart, and are even more lnter-
mittent in the open desert. Only in narrow
belt along the Mediterranean is there regular
precipitation.
@. What does the abbreviation A. B. G. stand
for in circulation figures of newspapers ana
magazines?-L. w. G.
A. The letters stand for Audit Bureau OF
Calculations, an organization Of the pub
fishers of newspapers and magazines and ad-
vertisers and advertising agents The bureau
was organized in 1914 for the purpose OF
establishing standard methods of measuring
the circulation of publications carrying adver-
tising.
O. Did DR.. Mary Walker ever actually serve
as a physician in the Army?-B. Mob.
A. Dr. Walker entered the Army as nurse
and served three years in that capacity
On october 5, 1854 she was commissioned
first lieutenant as an assistant surgeon and
held that rank until her retirement in June,
1865.
O. What university is the headquarters for
information on asteroids?-S. A. L.
A. Cincinnati University has been designated
as the world clearing house for information
on asteroids by the International Astronomical
Union.
@. What is the difference between Marine
and an Infantry Division in organization?-
j. van E.
A. An Infantry Division consists Of dtvi-'
sion headquarters, special troops, three In
fantry regiments, Division Artillery Mechan-
lied Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop, Engineer
Battalion, and Medical Battalion. A Marine
Division consists of headquarters and service
battalion, Tank Battalion, Medical Battalion,
Amphibious Tractor Battalion, Shore Party
Regiment, Engineer Battalion, Artillery Regi-
ment and six Infantry Battalions.
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Lewis Carroll Anniversary
Author of Alice in Wonderland Was Mathematician
AS Well as Famous Humorst
Bv James Waldo Fa,vceff

The author of "Alice In Wonderland" and
Through the Looking Glass" died half CEN
tury ago today.
His real name was Charles Lutwidge Dodg-
Evening star., 1948-01-14

Ourselves First; Then Other People
To the Editor Of The Star.
We are starting new year, and hope that
one of our resolutions will be to look after our
own interests first and then extend to the
world such charity as we can.
GEORGE w. WILLIAMS. y
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Service Retirement Law Enforcement

Service Retirement Law Enforcement
To the Editor of The Star:
In Tuesdays Star you stated that Secretary
of the Army Royals recommendation that the
law governing disability retirement OF Army
and Navy officers be changed to prevent abuses
of the system should meet with favorable
response from Congress"
You also say the trouble, as Secretary Royal
points out, is traceable to the law itself.
But emphatically disagree with The Star
and with Secretary Royal. The trouble is IN
not enforcing the law by prosecuting those
guilty of fraudulent procedures, whatever they
be. Each case must stand on its own merit.
Until the law, as it stands, Is enforced. nothing
constructive can be achieved and world OF
harm be done by Furnishing the innocent as
smoke-screen to hide the guilty
THOMAS M. P. GRATH.
Evening star., 1948-01-14

with the dream Of Wonderland Of long ago:
and how she would feel with all their simple
sorrows, and find pleasure in all their simple
joys. remembering her own child-life, and the
Evening star., 1948-01-14

Next to runaway prices, shower bath
in strange hotel is the hardest thing to
regulate.
Evening star., 1948-01-14
No Military Candidate Wanted

To the Editor of The Star:
Gen. Eisenhower at the time of the Gen. Lee
affair, said, in effect, that it would be an
error to appoint civilian as inspector in such
a case. BY the same token would 1t not be an
error to elect military man as President? In
these dangerous times we need some one who
is not associated with war, who will help bring
the people of the world into some sort of
friendly accord, and abate their bitterness and
hatred for one another. NJ P. w.
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Questions and Answers

A reader can get the answer to any question
Bureau 316 I street NE, Westminster 2. D. g.
Please incloss cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1948-01-14

As late as year ago we could have
sworn that fuel oil was here to stay.
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Opposes Drives" in Schools

opposes Drives III SCHOOLS
To the Editor of The Star:
Our public schools are for the children's
education, not for money drives The children
should not be asked to bring money for any
cause. If anybody wants to raise money for
the Overseas Blind, why not have Helen
Keller speak to adult groups, rather than
children? MRS. B. G. McILWEE.
Evening star., 1948-01-14
Bv THE HAsKIN SERVICE

O. For how many years has the closed
car been popular?-L. E. r.
A. The closed car began 70 be used m
1920 and has been popular ever since.
Evening star., 1948-01-14

. @. Does the driving Of an automobile cause
extra wear and tear on fur coatp-D. D.
"A. According to fur experts, 1t does. There
is friction at the shoulder blades elbows,
lower part Of the back and also at the
cuffs, which rub against the steering wheel.
Evening star., 1948-01-14

@. When was the slogan "over the top"
first used?-K. K.
A. This slogan had It's origin in the trenches
of the Allies during the first World War.
It was the order given to the soldiers in
the trenches to climb out and charge the
enemy lines.