davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-05-07
Stars, Men and Atoms
Pressure Suit for Pilots
Worn Like Underwear
Enables Airmen to Move Freely At
100000 Feet
By Thomas r. Henry

A decomposition suit which can be worn
like underwear and which not only will keep
man alive but enable him to move about
freely at attitudes above 100000 feet has been
devised by the Medical Section Of the Air
Force
The accomplishment d described q ~ena-
bling man to live IN . vacuum" and IL con.
Adered one OF the outstanding advances IN air
medicine since the war ended. The device has
been thoroughly tested on volunteers In pres
sure chambers
Weighs 4 to Pounds.
The suit, details Of which remain restricted,
weighs to pounds. 1t Is worn AZ near to
the skin as possible. It allows unhampered
movements Of arms and legs such as would
be necessary II q pilot was to retain control
Of his plane. or even If he had to bail out
from great height. 1t would be necessary
to have supply Of oxygen. The suit, 1t IL
explained, can be pressurized very rapidly
either by air pumped in from the engine or
oy oxygen, tank OF which always would bs
carried in the plane.
Inc OBVIOUS answer to flying st high alti-
tudes, OF course. is the pressure cabin But
there always is the possibility that there will
be an accident The pressurizing apparatus
AAA1S eo SoN' "hdoWS dIc likely 10 DC OrOken.
especially In combat Before the construction
OF the new suit, such an accident probably
would have been fatal In q very short time
to everybody in q plane at an altitude much
above $4,000 feet. Suits devised for protection
against low pressure in the past have been so
bulky as to be essentially, useless man
looked as II he was inclosed in a balloon. He
could move about only with the utmost diff
Guilty With the new equipment his move
ments are not hampered in any way
Tested for 103,o00 Feet
The suit is not intended to give a man the
atmospheric pressure he would experience at
sea level, about is pounds to the square inch
Instead 1t gives him somewhere around the
minimum pressure at which a human being
can function without developing the bends"
essentially the same for high-altitude flyers a.
for deep-sea divers
Without protection Of this kind, life would
hardly be possible above SO, 900 feet regardless
OF the amount Of oxygen supplied At that
altitude the atmospheric pressure falls to the
point where the blood would begin to boil.
The suit has been tested, Air Force medical
officers say. at simulated attitudes of lo3 600
feet. That is, essentially, vacuum The
pressure would not become materially less at
twice that altitude, or even entirely beyond
the eafth's atmosphere where rocket planes
finally may penetrate.
Evening star., 1948-05-07
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE

@ When was radiant heating for houses in
vented?-E. c. H.
A. Radiant heating was we'll known to the
Romans and widely used in their public build
ihgs ontll lew years ago, however, 1t was
comparatively unknown in the United States,
Radiant heating differs from other systems in
that instead of radiators or registers the
radiant outlets are coils embedded in floors.
walls and /or ceilings
@. What is the longest time that q homing
pigeon has lived?-D. S. W.,
a. Kaiser, German pigeon captured by
american troops in the Meuse offensive in
1918. was still living at Camp Crowder In the
autumn OF 1946 and at that time, aged 49,
believed to be the Oldest homing pigeon in
the world.
Q. Who sponsors the Parade Of Pennies"7-
v. l. L.
A. In the United States the national
Parade OF Pennies to help the children of
the world Is sponsored by the American Over
seas Aid and the United Nations Appeal for
Children.
Q. How far is Cape Horn from the main
land OF South America?-W. E. l..
A. Cape Horn Is the southern extremity of
an island OF the same name, forming the most
southernly point of South America It is a
precipitous headland. 500 to 500 feet high and
running far into the sea. Cape Horn Island
Is about $50 miles southeast of the southern
point of the mainland on the Strait OF Ma
gellan. 1t has very small area and no
population.
@. Do many people lose their lives by fall
Ing from windowS?-A. McM
A. 1t Is estimated that about 500 persons
are killed each year by accidental falls from
windows.
@. When the British crossed from Boston to
fight at Bunker Hill they landed at a place
called Moultons Point. What is located there
now?-A. K
A. The Boston Naval Shipyard is now located
on land which includes Moutons Point On
the southeast wall Of Building No 105 forge
shop, Boston Naval Shipyard, there is
bronze tablet bearing the following inscrip-
tion: THE Battle Of Bunker Hill II June
ITS. This tablet marks the general position
Of Moultons Point where the British troops
landed and formed for the first assault"
@. What is the difference between q cayuse
and a bronco?-N 3. G.
A. Cayuse was the name originally given to
ponies bred by the Cayuse Indians Of Eastern
Oregon Generally speaking. the term cayuse
is slightly more derogatory than bronco al
though the two are often used interchange
ably
Evening star., 1948-05-07
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
Driter, although 1t Is permissible for
q icriter knopn to The Star to use
a non, de plume. Please be brie1.
Evening star., 1948-05-07
Questions and Answers

.. reader can get the answer to any question Of
fset n. sy writing The Evening Star Informs ton
SSinread 3l6 Eye street NE, Wsshinston 3, D. c.
Evening star., 1948-05-07
Retirement for Rail Employees

Retirement tor Kali Employees
To the Editor Of The Star:
knowing that your esteemed paper is read
by most Of our Congressman and Senators, I
wish to take this opportunity to call their at
tention to two bills being introduced in Con-
gress in regard to rail retirement: H. E. 1906
and II. r. 4793
These bills are being sponsored by Represen-
tative Clason of Massachusetts,, and Repre-
sentative Mcmillan, of South Carolina. They
call for full pensions for railroad employees who
have completed thirty years Of continuous
service with any railroad or express company
I hope our representatives In Congress will
give these bills fair and impartial hearing
when they are brought up on the floor. think
an employe is entitled to . pension after serv-
ing his employer faithfully for thirty years
The way it Is now, no individual can get pen
sion unless he Is physically disabled and he
gets q doctors certificate to that effect. No
employe can get his pension, even though he
Is SICK unless he is okayed by q doctor.
In the United States armed services you are
entitled to . pension or half pay after serving
twenty years. In New York City the fire and
police departments are entitled TO their pen
sions or half pay after serving twenty years
The FBI employees have been granted a full
pension after serving twenty years or reaching
the age of g. I think we railroad men who
work as hard as the rest should be entitled to
a pension after twenty years.
Brighton, Mass. B. KUPERSMITH.
Evening star., 1948-05-07
A OAR Defender

The denunciation Of the Daughters Of the
American Revolution for their stand on immi-
grafton is hard to comprehend unless it is the
purpose to make the country mere polyglot
boarding house as Theodore Roosevelt said he
feared it might become
In point Of history and fact, who has a
greater right than the descendants of the
founders of the Republic to speak and be
heard on any and all questions affecting the
present and future Of their country? The de-
scendants of the American Revolution (as of
the census Of 1900, always constituted a
great majority of the population of the United
States for more than l25 years thereafter and
only ceased to be . majority 40 years ago.
These are the true Americans who, since l776,
have borne allegiance to no other flag or
country. Although the Americans have been
majority up to recent years they have been
frustrated and pushed aside by what Prof.
Laughlin Of the Carnegie Institution has called
the conquest by immigration. Woodrow Wilson
described this trend years ago when he wrote:
Many persuaded themselves that the most
immediate peril of the country came from the
sudden and enormous influx of foreigners which
recent years had witnessed. The great food
poured in at the eastern ports and left it's
hiooo oiA"ioiooouAc OcpoSlG ILcEe, SeIlC OH Lne
best things it carried to the western farms and
the open regions Of interior. 1t brought men
whom revolution had thrust out of the old
world, men who wanted power and were apt
at intrigue. restless men, many of whom were
outcast, some of whom were desperadoes Here
was cause enough for uneasiness. If men
looked for an ISSUE here was one: The preser-
vation Of the countrys institutions in the face
OF such inroads, the maintenance of . safe
ascendency in affairs for those born and bred to
the politics and manners OF America"
w. F. WILMOTH.
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
HISTORICAL
NEWS LETTER

Greetings: = This begins
what we hope will be an inter
esting, useful service to the
members Of the Nebraska State
Historical Society. The His
torical News Letter will come
to you each month to bring
you news of the Society, and
from time to time an occasion
al odd bit of information re-
garding Nebraska's History.
AS the editors of our pioneer
news papers used to say in
their initial editorials, "the
readers indulgence is respect.
fully requested"
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
SPEAKING OF FREEDOM
indianapolis, Indiana
July 31st, 1913

Srs:
The perer the political pot in America today
is civil rights the suberuge Of states rights the South
determined offset what it terms mixture OF the races
Both Democrats Republicans the North determn-
ed to gain the Negro with their old promises OF equal
rights The Negro both Sides and where in the past
he would have afraid of this hostility OF the South
where he would influenced by these glib promises
of the North today he laugh at pity both sides
Freedom is one of the greatest and strongest passions Of
life History Wepoven foolish to suppose that one
demand freedom for himself in breath and deny to
Others the next behey superior on inferior to him. without
eventual repercussons Century after century, was revo-
utons rebelions amply testify sometimes without
tent freedom be for all lasting for none at
all that when have freedom it is only temporarily
impaired waits like fkeng light be picked UP and
tended and to work again Ihus throughout these many
years. nothing has yet been able to completely stop the pro
res Of this great force and ntercepon has been very
effective slavry.
Today in America there legal slavery No mat
what the South upon matters of racial segregat
ion the North in effort gain votes pushes
forward civil rights egsaon the Negos advance in the
march of freedom will push forward with that of all the peo
pies of the world With theword desperately searching for
peace he is in the midst of worldwide resurge of mans
eternal struggle the good the Just right sru-
cycle which demands that human freedom be ignored
be segregated be convenencd and be
compromised.
TO light Caucaans who oppose the Negos advance herein
If the Caucasian opposes because he desires asuperor
about all he do is to put obstacles possible
the Negroes path This will slow down the advance but will
stop has been tried If the Caucasian desire pure race
first he only regret His greatest mistake bringing
the Negro here IN the first place. becaus America found
ed the love of freedom and built by the sweat and blood
peoples searching freedom; pledged
to the of freedom by Constitution the Negro will
belong to America and America will belong him. Secondly
the Caucasian desires pure he up
other desires For with all his laws against mixture tho
usands of American muattoes certainly dropped
heavennor they found predominaey the North Some
when asked if she approved nteraca marriage qupped
quite wisely, "They might well make it legal!
And that food for thought It's losing battle any rate
short of which would undoubtedly prove be the
end OF the American dream Still freedom would rise and
march nurtured another land probably by another peo-
pie
Yes the hottest issue in todays campaigns is oddly
ough NOT crisis The South airms this belief by trying
stop civil rights legislation Ironically enough the that
there crisis is because nothing stop the march Of free
dom.
OF course this includes freedom Of speech-plan-
ly spoken
Marjorie J. Bryant
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
"CHRISTIAN RELATIONS" DEPARTMENT
SET UP BY MANUFACTURERS

A Connecticut shoe manufacturer who believes business
and religion work closer has up department of
Christian relations" in his company
The head Of the department. Rev. Dale D. Dutton, form
erly of Central Baptist Church Providence R. L. has th
rating of vice president in the company of which William
IL Smith of Bristol originator Of the idea for the Christian
relations department, is treasurer
. Free Hand Given Minister
you will take your orders only from God' Dr. Dutton
told when the job oeredhim. go about freely
wherever YOU want, and will foot the BILL
Dr. Dutton had definite plans for carving out his
However, the job has provided many opportunities give
moral and material aid
His first large organizationa task, inspired by the
shoes reasonable prices for polio victims Dr. Dutton
result OF nantle paralysis had to buy pairs of shoes
IN order to fit both feet
Foundation Organized
Backed by the shoe manufacturer Dr. Duon organized
Benefit Shoe Foundaion-Dae D. Dutton' president. A
nonprof mail order house. it sells single shoes cost 70
polio victims and amputees
People have many problems they would rather discuss
with stranger than with local pastors Dr. Dutton learned
His daily mail takes personal family and occupation diff
f1eutes.
One letter from convict who needed brain oper-
alton to check incipient insanity another from young
who had embezzeed $4,000 from his employers third
from whose husband had beaten her. All these
problems Dr. Dutton helped solve After year
head of his Christian Relations Department he feels
he did right accepting the offer OF the manufacturer who
believed business and religion could work closer together
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
PROGRESSIVE PARTY
CONTINUED from page II

of Federal enforcement powers
to assure free exercise of the
right of franchise.
"We call for a Civil Rights
Act for the District of Colum-
bia to eliminate racial segre.
cation and discrimination in
the nations Capitol.
"We demand the ending oi
segregation and discrimina-
ton in the Panama Canal Zone
and all territories, possessions
and trusteeships.
1--WE demand that Indians
the earliest Americans, be Civ
en- full citizenship rights anc
the right to administer theil
own affairs.
1--WE will develop specia
programs to raise the low
standards Of health, housing
and educational facilities fol
Negroes, Indians and nation
ality groups, and will deny
Federal funds to any state O.
local authority which with
holds opportunities or benefit
for reasons of race, creed, colo
sex or national origin.
"We will initiate a Fedora
program. of education, in coop
Grafton with state, local, an'
private agencies to comba
racial and religious prejudice
1--WE support the enactmen
Of legislation making it Fed
eral crime to disseminate anti
Semitic, anti-Negro, and a
racist propaganda b. mai
radio, motion picture or othe
means of communication.
1--WE call for a Constitution
al amendment which will effec
lively prohibit every form Q
discrimination against wome
economic, educational, lega
and political.
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
DAUGHTER OF
GEN. DAVIS MISSED
FAREWELL TRIBUTE
Presents Him Grandson

Presents Him Grandson
New York, (CNS)-Mrs.
George Streater, daughter of
Gen. and Mrs. Benjamin 0.
Davis was unable to attend the
lavish ceremony rendered her
father Tuesday in the White
House Rose Garden on his re-
tiring from the Army after SO
years Of service. Giving birth
to a six pound boy in the Luth.
eran Hospital just 2 days be-
fore the fete, she instead pre-
sented the General with a
grandson named after him
Meanwhile, both her sister
Mrs. James H. McLendon and
her brother, Col. Benjamin
Davis, Jr. togethe with their
mother formed the immediate
family observing the farewell
: tribute which included as
guests, James Forrestal, Sec
retary of the Defense and Ken
meth G. Royal, Secretary oi
the Army. Mrs. Streater il
wife Of George Streater, spec
ial staff writer Of the New
York Times.
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
The Annual Meetings.

Inc Annual Meeting-Sat-
urday, November 18th, has
been set as the date for the
Society's annual meeting. AS
in the past, it will be a joint
meeting with the Native Sons
and Daughters of Nebraska.
We hope to be able to tell you
more about the program in the
August News Letter. Mean
while, mark the date on your
calendar and plan to be in Lin
coin. We should have repre-
sentation from every county.
Very cordially yours,
James c. Olson, Sup.
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
NEWS FROM NAACP
(Continued from Page II

(R., Mich.) urging the Senate
to centure the South Carolinan
Mr.. White cited the speech
made by Senator Johnston in
which he said pressure for en-
actment of civil rights bills
will bring an end to the BIZ
partisan foreign policy. ''The
peace of the world will then
probably have been jeopardiz-
ed" the Senator said, "and pro
badly the seeds will have been
planted which will eventually
develope and grow into a third
world war"
The text of Mr.. Whites wire
to Senator Vandenburg fol-
lows: 1t is hereby respectfully
requested that a committee OF
the United States Senate be
directed to take appropriate
action on the threat made in
the Senate on July q, 1948 by
[Senator Olin Johnston of Sou.
Carolina.
In his statement, to be found
at page 9607 of the Congress
siona1 Record, Senator John
| ston served notice that if any
civil rights legislation is taker
| up by the Congress, those who
belive with him will put an ent
to the present bipartisan for
eign policy program, thus pla
nting seeds (which will even
ually grow and develop into ;
third World War"
We submit that this willing
ness by a United States Sen
ator to risk plunging the nat
ion and the entire world into
obliterative germ and atomic
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
GRANGER NAMED SPRIN
GFIELD CORPORATOR.

New York-June 23,1948A \
Lester B. Granger, Executive
Secretary, National Urban Lea
que, has been named a Corpor-
alton of the historic Springfield
College, Springfield, Massach-
ussetts. The announcement, by
President Paul Limbert, was
made following recent annual
meeting of the Springfield
College Corporation.
The Corporators meet once
a yearf and are responsible for
the election of both the trust
ees and the president Of the
college, as we'll as for the en-.
tire College operations.
Springfield College has be-
en- known internationally fol
its training of YMCA profess
ional workers, and also for
J its physical education as wei
, as social work emphasis.
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07

warfare, in an attemDt to pre-
vent legislation guaranteeing
basic human rights, is not on
ly subversive but dangerously
close to treason.
We are fully aware Of the
fact that statements made on
the floor Of Congress are priv
ileged. But we submit that any
Senator who brazenly and IRE
sDonsibly makes a threat of this
character has exceeded the
bounds Of senatorial privilege
and should be centured by the
| United States Senate
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
SILENT SERVICE

Ben Davis was the first Neg
70 ever commissioned in the
ranks of the U. S. Army. A
tight-lipped, light skinned man,
he left Howard University for
a temporary during the Span
ish American War. When it
ended, he signed on a private,
fought his way up to sergeant,
ranked third on the examina-
ton that won his his perman-
ent commission.
AS one of only a half a doz-
en- Negro officers in the Army,
his choice of assignments was
strictly limited. He taught mil
itary sciences at Negro College
served as military attache in
Liberia. He spent World War
| ,sidetracked in the PhilinDines
But Ben Davis took a soldier
ly satisfaction in doing any
job he was assigned.
He learned to get along. In
making his official courtesy
call on the commanding officer
of new post, he always saw
to it that the officer was out
at the time. Later, as a rowing
representative Of the Inspect
or Generals office, he always
arranged his schedule to arrive
at a new command in mid-af-
ternoon, SO that the command
ing officer could look him over
and beside whether to invite
him to dinner. Il was always
the only colored officer at my
post" he recalled. "But it did
mt make any difference to me.
Nobody paid any attention,
and at every post I managed
to make friends with some
body"
By 1880, his quiet dignity
and soldierly efficiency had
made him full colonel; eight
years later, he got his first
major command; a Harlem
National Guard regiment. In
1910, Franklin Roosevelt ap-
pointed him Drigadier general,
the us. Army's first and only
Negro general officer, and he
took over the 4th Cavalry Bril-
gade at Fort Riley, Kans. He
was sent to Europe in 1912,
won the Distinguished Service
Medal for his work in inspect
ing Negro troops and easing
explosive Army racial ten
sions. After the war he settled
into the routine Of peacetime
Army life,
Last week Ben Davis was
summoned to the White
House. On the steps leading
to the White House rose gar
den, he listened quietly to a
complimentary speech from
Harry Truman, received a
testimonial scroll signed by
the President and Davis Army
comrades. After so wears in
the Army, Broader General
benjamin 0. Davis, II had re-
tired. Among the guests was
Lieut.. Colonel Benjamin D.
Davis Jr, commander Of the
552nd Fighter King, the regu-
lar Air Forces ranking Negro
officer.
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
Mr.. Hill At Medicine Creek

All of you will be glad to
know that the Society's pro-
gram Of archaeological field
work is going forward at Med
icine Creek again this summer
under the supervision Of Mr..
A. t. Hill, Director Of the
Museum. AS was the case last
summer, we are cooperating
with the River Basin Surveys
being conducted under the di-
rection of the Smithsonian In
stitution. This is one phase
Of Nebraska's participation in
the vest program Of develop
ment looking to the fuller util-
ization Of the resources Of the
Missouri Valley. 1t is gratify-
ing to know that this great
and final-opportunity for ar
theological investigation in
the areas to be flooded is be-
ing SO effectively utilized.
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07

men, the University honors
itself. Naturally, we Of the
Historical Society are proud
Of their recognition.
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
Ban American Comics

Authors, journalists and educators
OF New South Wales have asked
their government to ban all comic
strips from the United States and to
impose severe restrictions on impor-
tation Of short stories and articles.
A deputation claimed that use Of
imported features WAS a serious
drain on dollars and that newspa-
pers were using this material in
preference to local items at a time
when Australian journalists were
seriously affected by newsprint cuts.
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07
Honors To Mr.. Abbott and

Mr.. Hill-Many of you have
no doubt read of the high hon
ors bestowed on n. G. Abbott,
veteran member Of our execu-
tive board and former preSi.
dent, and A. T. Hill, our first
vice-president, by the Univer-
sity Of Nebraska at its last
Commencement. Mr.. Hill was
given the Nebraska Builder"
award, the University's high
est non-academic citation, and
Mr.. Abbott was granted an
honorary Doctor of Laws de.
gree. The citations included
among the many achievements
of both in highly varied fields,
their distinguished and inval-
liable service to the cause Of
the preservation Of the history
of Nebraska. In honoring these
The Omaha guide., 1948-08-07

Gould Dietz-In the death
of Gould Dietz of Omaha on
June 10Th, the Society lost a
valued member Of its executive
board. Best known, perhaps,
for his activities in politics,
business, and the development
Of aviation, Mr.. Dietz was for
many years an active, inter
ested member of the Historical
Society. He was virtually al
ways present at meetings Of
the Executive Board and was
always insistent upon progress
in the Society's affairs.