davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-09-11
The Whole World Is Vulnerable

With American participation, the British
have just completed their biggest air exer-
cises since the end of the war. What the
exercises seem to have proved is that the
United Kingdom is one Of the most vul-
nerable places in the world. At any rate,
within matter of minutes the other day,
London was devastated" According to
impartial military umpires, mock raid
by hundreds of bombers so severely
"blitzed" the great city that its attackers"
had good reason to assume that all re-
sistance in 1t had been broken. The event,
though make-beleve, is grimly meaning
full. What If the attack had been real?
What if only few great planes had come
over and dropped A-bombs? What If there
had been rain of supersonic rockets with
atomic warheads? Where would the tight
little isle" be today? And what would be
the condition of its inhabitants?
The questions speak for themselves.
Looking back on the worst of the "blitz"
staged by the Nazi Luftwaffe and on the
terrors of the W. rockets fired at them
from the French shore, thinking Britons
must now say to themselves how mild all
that would seem in retrospect should
there be third world war. Jet propul-
sion, supersonic flight, the atom, bac-
THEOLOGICAL weapons-these would be the
instruments of any new conflict in another
twenty or thirty years. With them, all
of England could be wiped out in day.
And if that could happen to England, it
could happen to any country, even If the
process of annihilation should require
little more time in lands as large as our
own. Because of geography and other cir
cumstances, the vulnerability of the British
is peculiarly intense, but it is vulner-
ability shared in kind, If not in degree,
by every people in the air age.
Actually, no aerial maneuvers, no mock
horrible potentialities of another war.
Conceivably, If one nation or group of
nations had overwhelming superiority in
such war, victory could be won at little
cost. But if the belligerents were about
evenly matched in things like Aweapons,
and II the struggle were fought to the
DEATH the chances are that all would be
vanquished in the sense that none would
find enough left to be worth living for.
Indeed, given that kind of conflict with
the new instruments of mass destruction,
the virtual extinction of the human race
would be altogether possible. 1t is not
only Britain that is vulnerable. So is
America. So is Russia. So is the whole
world. The sum of it is that man has
reached point where his very survival
depends on lasting peace. Without that,
he will drift willy -nilly to suicide.
Evening star., 1948-09-11
Ferdinand of BuIquriu

Ferdinand of Bulgaria was one Of the
characters of his time. Tall, loosely built
bearded, long nosed, bald, stone deaf, he
was every inch not King in appearance
and manner Yet he had a commanding
presence Nobody ignored him. Wherever
he appeared he was the center Of the
scene He met Edward VII on equal terms
Knocked William II to his face, defied Mich
olas II, f1outed several Sultans OF Turkey
Pride of ancestry was one of his assets
He was a cousin or an uncle to more than
a hundred princes. The Kaiser declared
he excelled them all in brains, and Ferdi-
nand blandly agreed with him.
Perhaps he modelled his philosophy on
that of Cyrano The resemblances between
Rostand's hero and the cleverest of the
Coburgs were striking as we'll as numerous.
Both loved life despite its disappointments
Ferdinand, inheritng vast wealth from his
mother, could buy many of the satisfac-
tions he wanted-jeWels, rare coins, beau
tiful pictures, fascinating books. noun
tains of flowers, whole cellars full of an
cent wines. He made no bones over being
a hedonist. Pleasure meant much to him,
and he conceded the fact with smile. His
sense of humor helped him through three
decades of crises while he occupied the
shaky Bulgarian throne. He laughed out
right at the sequence of incidents which
cost him his job. The remainder OF his
career was devoted to avoiding the country
he had done his best to rule from 1887
to 1918
How Ferdinand was drawn into the First
World War as an ally of Germany remains
even now something of mystery. The
Treaty of Bucharest in 1918 robbed Bull
garia of the fruits of victory her armies
had won in Macedonia and Thrace under
his active leadership in the field. In May,
1915. the help of Russia. France, Italy and
Great Britain was sought for the restora-
tion of the lost areas. No concrete answer
was received. Ferdinand finally turned to
Germany for assistance against what he
regarded as the greed of his Balkan neigh
bors-serba, Rumania and Greece. This
led to an ultimatum from Russia which
eventuated in hostilities In which for sew
Evening star., 1948-09-11
How Mr.. Hughes Consented

To the Editor of The Star:
Current comment aroused by the death of
former Chief Justice Hughes involves certain
matters of which I have personal knowledge
or to employ q familiar quotation dn sub
stance If not textually correcD: "All of which
I saw and part of which was"
represented the New York Sun, reporting
the Supreme Court for seven years prior to my
resignation. was privileged to hear and re-
port the many opinions read by Justice Hughes
before he left the bench to accept the nomi-
nation for president. shared the general
high regard for Justice Hughes Of whom the
late Senator Jim Watson once said His is
the finest intellect in American public life"
I accepted an invitation from Frank H. Hitch
cock to advise with him in his pre-convention
organization for Mr.. Hughes. We proceeded
with caution because he was unable. personally
or through influential friends, to elicit word
of approval or disapproval from Mr.. Hughes
and We felt that at any time our efforts might
be frustrated by public declaration from the
Associate Justice that our efforts were un-
authorized and offensive.
planned to obtain a go" signal. I was
writing politics for the Sun from the Washing
ton viewpoint The late Elting A. Fowler was
head Of the Sun Washington bureau. He had
covered the insurance investigations conducted
by Mr.. Hughes that brought his name favor
ably before the country. I suggested that he
20 to Justice Hughes, point out to him the
embarrassment to Sun writers who recognized
the growing Hughes sentiment but hesitated
to write about 1t lest it embarrass the Justice
Responding to Mr.. Fowler's visit Associate
Justice Hughes said: 1T my country calls me
to this higher service ! will feel it my duty
to accept" Thus Mr.. Fowler obtained sign
which IAN evil generation tof politicians had
vainly sought for
The development was gratifying to the Sun
and even more to Frank Hitchcock who pro-
ceeded with his organization.
JERRY A. MATHEWS.
Evening star., 1948-09-11
Virqiniu's Negro Schools

There are some indications that the real
issue Is being overlooked in Virginias
Negro school controversy.
That issue is not whether Negro pupils
should be admitted, to white schools. This
Is not required by Federal Judge Sterling
Hutchesons order, and II the local autnor-
tiles in King George and Gloucester Coun-
ties were to abolish segregation In the
schools they would stand in violation OF
the States constitution.
The real issue Is whether Negro children
are to be provided school facilities suostan-
TALLY equal to those for whites.
On this point there can be little debate.
The facilities are not equal and the local
authorities in the two counties admit that
this is the case. This Is state OF affairs
which cannot be permitted to continue
Substantially equal facilities must be made
available first as matter OF simple JUS
tice, and, second, as an essential step In
complying with the courts order.
This leaves only the further question OF
whether the local authorities are to be
given q reasonable time in which to COM
ply. 1t has been only little more than
month since the formal order was served
on them, although they had known for
several months that such an order was
coming down. In either situation, how
ever, 1t seems quite probable that they
have not had enough time to make the
necessary improvements, and In the best
interests of all concerned they should be
allowed a reasonable time.
One of the two Negro lawyers represents
ing the colored students has said that he
proposes to seek contempt of court judg-
ment against the King George officials.
II he should ask for such a ruling then 1t
would be up to the court to determine
whether the school authorities have done
their best to obey the order. But In arriv-
ing at this decision 1t is most unlikely that
the court would refuse to apply the test of
reasonableness In measuring the degree Of
compliance.
The other Negro lawyer involved appar-
emily has taken the position that there can
be no satisfactory solution short of out
right abandonment of the segregated
school system.
He is within his rights, of course, In
agitating for such a change. But by NOV
ing in this direction, by seeking to upset a
social pattern that has been fixed since
Colonial days, he is not likely to achieve
much of benefit to the Negroes.
If the real aim of these men is to secure
improved educational facilities for colored
children, facilities that will be substan-
TALLY equal to those for whites, their pur-
pose is a laudable one and it can be accom-
plished. If they are willing to work with
the white authorities in a spirit Of reason
ableness this desirable improvement should
not be long in coming to pass. But they
are not going to accomplish much of real
or lasting benefit If they are agitat.ng
merely for the sake of agitation or If they
are going to be so foolish as to attempt to
insist upon the abolition of Virginia S
SEGREGATED school system
Evening star., 1948-09-11

versally appreciated, but 1t is indubitably
American In terms of production. This
surely Is what is wanted: Music SO ap-
pealing that all nations, all classes and
all conditions Of people will value 1t with
an enthusiasm and a devotion equal to
those qualities in the composers.
Evening star., 1948-09-11

New card rules for contract, with lighter
penalties for revokes and miscalled bids,
60 into effect October /. The wise husband
will not, however, Immediately shed the
shinguards
Evening star., 1948-09-11
Questions and Answers

reader can get the answer to any question Of
Iact by writing The Evening Star Information
Bufeau' 3lo Eye street NE, Washington 9, D. C.
Pease lnclose three (3) cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1948-09-11
Too Many Ciphers

To the Editor OF The Star
In Looking Ahead on the editorial page of
The Star for Sunday, September S, the num-
Der Of veterans policy holders should be
15,oOO,ooo, not $4,000 0oO,O shouldn't it?
x Y T.
Evening star., 1948-09-11

"In India, employees of the Hyderabad
government get 116 official holidays a
year, 30-day vacation, Is days casual
leave and Sundays" One further ques-
ton: Is the pay check mailed?
Evening star., 1948-09-11

Amos and Andy in a unique deal, sign
over their service for life for 50, 900 O0O-
nice going for team whose start was
taxi with no DOORS
Evening star., 1948-09-11

smallest seed?-J. H. T.
A. The largest tree grown from the smallest
seed is the redwood, the Sequoia sempervirens
of California.
@. In what countries did revolutions occur
in 1848?-B. T. Y
A. The year of revolutions" was marked byt
political disturbances beginning in italy with
local revolution in Sicily In January, and ex-
tending to France, Russia, Poland, Sardinia.
Bavaria, Prussia, Schleswig- -Holsten Denmark,
Hungary and Austria. In England 1t amounted
to little more than the Chartist demonstration
O. What is the derivation of the word "cau-
cus"?-E. EN- -,
A. The word supposedly comes from "caulk-
ers," mechanics who cauk or stop leaks in
ships from the fact that the early meetings in
Boston were attended largely by caulkers.
O. What are the restrictions upon the choice
Of names for race horses?-D. G.
A. Naming race horse Is not the simple
process 1t might seem. The Rules of Racing
require that a name be restricted to IA letters
and spaces and that 1t shall not duplicate
name used during the previous Is years. either
on the turf or in the stud. Names Of such
famous horses as Man O. War and others, which,
IN the opinion Of the registrar, have earned
equine Immortality, never can be used again.
Any name even limiting at advertising is for
bidden It is estimated that about nine out
of ten names submitted for approval are re-
jected for various reasons.
@. What is the full name of the painter who
is known as Grandma Moses"?-S. S.
A. Her full name Is Anna May Robertson
Moses. Grandma Moses" who is well known,
for her paintings Of farm and snow scenes,
lives at Eagle Bridge, N. Y. ,-
Evening star., 1948-09-11
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
,oriter, although It Is permissible for
a uriter knoicn to The Star to use
a nom de plume Please be briet.
Evening star., 1948-09-11

Community Movies Appreciated
TO the Editor Of The Star:
/ am very grateful YOU have shown the
movies at Fort Dupont this summer and hope
you will continue them next year.
MILDRED ORANGE.
Evening star., 1948-09-11
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE

q. What Is the largest tree grown from the
smallest seed?-J H. T.
A. The largest tree grown from the smallest
seed is the redwood the Sequoia sempervirens
of California.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-27
Chicago Czechs lash
1rumon Wor program

Some five hundred Chicagoans
of Czechoslovak descent gave en-
thusiastic support to the new gov
eminent of Czechoslovakia in an
overflow meeting in Stefanik
Hall here last week.
The group also endorsed the
candidacy of Henry Wallace and
voted to send telegram to Presi-
dent Truman denouncing his
"misinterpretation of recent events
in CzechoSlovakia."
In spite of short notice and
attempts at intimidation, more
people attended the meeting than
could be seated in the hall.
The following telegram to Tru-
man was endorsed almost unani-
eve 500 American citizens,
of Czech descent, wish to
record our beliefs in behalf of
world peace, American democracy,
and Americana h oslovak
We regret your misin-
depreciation of the recent events
in Czechoslovakia as harmful to
both nations and world peace. We
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-27
- e. IN -
RECORD NOTES
By RAEBURN FLERLAGE

ESPITE the present concen-
- trated attempt to foster
anti-Soviet feeling, the American
people have selected Soviet
composer to lead their Hit Pa
rades-both classical and pop"
Name? Aram Khatehaturian.
Khatchaturian's Sabre Dance
from the GaYne Ballet Suite Col.
664 set American listeners on
their respective ears several
months ago and is still doing it in
everything from symphony or
chestra and swing band versions
10 harmonica prescriptions. Lat
est sensation in this field is the
Oscar Levant piano-orchestra re-
cording-also for Columbia.
This same company has now
issued Mr.. Khatchaturian's Mas
querade Suite in a Respondent
performance by the N. Y. Phil
harmonic under Leopold Stokow-
ski (Col. 1920 and have announced
a GaYne Ballet Suite No. 2 (MX-
292) for early release. Concert
Hall has turned over its plastic,
deluxe platters to the Armenian
composers Violin Concerto in a
glittering performance by virtuoso
Louis Kaufman (Album AND.
ALI Of this would seem to be an
interesting commentary on the
vast gulf between the attitudes
of the American people and their
''chosen representatives"
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-27
sign leaflets

The Congress of American
Women this week distributed a
leaflet to be signed and mailed
to the President by Chicagoans
declaring that:
I'VE heard you invite us to a
WAR and we are shocked and
angry How can. you dare
tell us to point guns at our former
allies. 1 am one of lao mil
lion Americans who will not be
fooled, tricked, panicked into
new bloodletting.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-27
Students petition

Some 1000 University of Chi
cago students this week signed a
petition telling President Truman
that 1--WE would like to see the
State Department give some reply
to the Soviet proposals for call
ing off the cold war"
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-27
OFroan page 81

lose all Of the great moral leader
ship we had at the end of the war,
we must face our own RESPONSE
bilities for the world crisis.
Fourth, on the home front we
have to fight against the restrie-
tons on civil liberties and make
our democracy really work. That
means that we must do away with
poll taxes and lynch law and
segregation, the oppressive labor
laws and all the other evil prac-
tees which make our proclama-
tons about democracy ring hollow
in most of the world.
FIFTH. we must stop the trend
towards INFLAMMATION of America
which is so profitable to a few
entrenched interests and so dan
gerous to the freedom of all.
There must be a united action
against the draft and compulsory
military training which would
regiment the lives of our young
people
Last-and certainly not least
we must look the situation over
carefully and calmly find out Just
what major differences we have
with the Russians. Having cleaned
up our own delinquencies in mat
tiers of civil liberties and inter-
ference in the political affairs of
Greece, Turkey, France, Italy,
Latin America, and many other
places, we can talk with the Rus
slams about the ways to expand
freedom everywhere.
We shall then have moral au-
thority and the friendship of peo-
pie in every part of the globe.
Ii there are economic differences
matters of markets and raw ma
terials-we can work them out.
We must recognize the theological
differences between the Russians
and ourselves and demonstrate our
own faith in democracy and the
free flow of ideas.
+ 4
WHAT both the United States
and Russia must realize is that in
these days when war entails wide
spread civilian destruction by ra-
diant gas, clouds and bacteria, the
only sound military defense is a
worldwide good neighbor policy
Military men are always experts
in the last war and amateurs in
the next war. What l am saying
is that science has now made
peace" the only possible "mili-
tary security" for the United
States.
| say furthermore that our pres
ent program of trying to run the
entire world by force and dollars
will lead to limitless demands
! which will ruin us. One year il
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-27
Wallace speech (cont' id

will be $40O, 000, 900, the next year
$4,000, 100000, the next 40 billion.
and so on in rapid progression
until war itself soon becomes the
only possible answer as domestic
discomfort rises. That is why I
am fighting so hard to bring about
a complete reversal of the Tru-
man, Forrestal, Vandenberg doc
trine of domestic authorization
and foreign support of kings and
reactionaries.
THERE are other things to be
done, of course. We need a UN
police force. We need more
democratic structure for the UN.
with direct representation of the
people. We need world law with
teeth in it. But we can't get these
things until we do the others, and
we cerainly can't get them by
building landing barges, tanks,
pursuit planes, atom bombs, and
uniforms for our 18-year-oIds.
Mr.. Truman and the others can
raise their false cry OF "Comanun-
ist'' but they won't stop US from
fighting for peace. They can't
stop millions of Americans from
coming into the new party and
building the political organization
that will win the fight for peace.
If the few thousand American
Communists support Glen TaY-
lor and myself. they are sup
porting our program. It Is the
program I have outlined. II is
an American program based on
our belief in democracY--on our
faith in our fellow men-on our
faith in their judgement when
they are given the facts.
IN CLOSING let me repeat my
challenge to Mr.. Truman and 30
all the other candidates for office
Il ask them to join me in the
following pledge:
II shall not knowingly accept
the support of any individual on
group advocating the limitation of
democratic action for any other
individual or group; nor the sup
port of any individual or group
which would restrict the civil lib
critics of others for reasons of race,
color or creed; nor the support of
any individual or group advocat-
ing the violent overthrow Of the
government of the United States"
Candidates who accept the sup
port of the race supremacy fiends,
who would limit the democratic
actions of trade unions, who would
restrict the flow of free speech,
who support intimidation and cam
paigns of hate and fear can't join
in this pledge.
Those of us who believe in
democracy pledge it with pride.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-27
1895
His

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The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-27

urge that America build for
peace, not war"
Evening star., 1948-05-11

Among the questions concerning
the Beau Jack-Tony Janiro fight
at Grimth Stadium next Mon
day night are whether Jacks
trick knee will stand up and whether
Janiro will have too much OF a
weight edge.
It was q fractured kneecap that
led to Janiros technical knockout
over Jack in February Of 1947, only
kayo loss on Jacks record. Many
thought Jack was through with
fishting after that, but he has
bounced back to Johnny Bratton
and Humberto Zavela, won over
Frankie Vigeant, Billy Kearns and
Johnny Greco, then lose to Terry
Young.
Heinie Miller, chairman Of the
District Boxing Commission, checked
up on the knee angle by wiring the
commission in Montreal where the
recent Greco fight was held. The
answer was that they had paid
particular attention to Jacks knee
in the prefight examination and it
passed okay. 1t also stood up we'll
during the 10-round fight.
The weight matter is taken care
Of in the contracts. Janiro is post
ing q $2,500 forfeit, it says there,
to make 40 pounds at o'clock the
day of the fight. Jack fights be-
tween 140 and 143. Janiro has been
boxing among the middleweights
lately. but sends word he expects
no trouble making the lower weight
here
The two principals are scheduled
70 report here tomorrow to put
finishing touches on their training