davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
BERLIN:
Trouble

AS U. S. planes continued to fly
tons of food into beleaguered Ber-
lin the East-West stalemate over
Germany was solidifying in stub
born mold.
The Russian blockade of Berlin
had brought the painful German is.
sue to head, and both the Soviets
and the western powers were an
ticipating that events might begin
to move very rapidly soon.
There were these developments:
The Communists announced that
they were drawing up constitution
for German republic and also a
two-year plan to link Berlin eco
nomically with the Soviet zone.
At the same time, on the free
side of the iron curtain, German
political leaders were expressing
their opposition to the western
powers plans for West German
federal government.
In Berlin, power cuts were Or
dered in the three western sectors
of the city to save the dwindling
coal stocks. The action was taken
despite the fact that coal shipments
had begun to arrive by air.
Key to the situation, perhaps,
was the Communist proposal for a
new constitution. The Soviet-spon-
sored German Peoples Congress
of eastern Germany announced
that the document would be official.
In a statement the group said that
Germany is an indivisible repub-
lie made up of states and that execu-
tive power stems from the people,"
That appeared to bring Soviet in
tentions more or less out in the
open. It means that Russia appar-
emily is determined either to force
the western democracies out Of Ber-
lin or bludgeon them into an agree
ment whereby the Soviets would be
in virtual control of the city.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
FAILURE:
U.N. Truce

There was not peace, but once
more a sword in Palestine. The
United Nations truce had failed.
AS the four-week interruption of
hostilities between Arabs and Jews
dragged Somberly through its final
hours, combatants on both sides
were making preparations to re-
sumo warfare.
They had failed to come to terms,
and that failure arose out of the
fact that there had existed no po-
htical or social basis upon which
a peace agreement could be rested,
nor were either the Jews or Arabs
particularly eager to create one.
Their attitude throughout the
truce negotiations had been that
the contest over whether the state
Of Israel should be allowed to exist
must necessarily be fiat, win-or-
lose battle with no middle ground
solution possible.
Count Folke Bernadotte, U.N.
mediator in Palestine, had tried
hard, but he had had to carry out
his negotiations in what might be
termed spiritual vacuum between
the Jews and Arabs There simply
was no meeting of minds upon
which he might have capitalized.
Before the truce expired Ber.
nadotte had endeavored to get it
extended and continue the negotia-
tons. Israel had agreed to such
an extension but the Arab league
opposed it.
Previously. during the last days
of the truce, the Arabs had re-
jected plan submitted by Berna-
dotte which included an extensive
revision of the now defunct U.N.
partition scheme.
Bernadotte's proposal would have
restored the area of Palestine to
what it was before TRANSIT Jordan
was separated from it, and that
total area then would have been
partitioned into independent Arab
and Jewish states.
Inc plan, as presented, had a
ring of desperation in it. It must
have been obvious, even to Ber-
nadotte, that the Arabs would not
accept such a scheme, particularly
since they had violently opposed
the original U.N. partition idea.
Trans-Jordan was especially an
tagonistic to the plan, insisting that
it would put the nation under at
least partial jurisdiction of the
United Nations, thus making it no
better than dependent state.
AS Bernadotte and his staff left
Palestine guns already were firing
and the Holy Land had relapsed
into condition of war.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
RAILROADS.:
No Strike

Federal Judge T. Alan Goldsbor-
ough was not man to stand idly
by and watch society disintegrate,
as he termed it, so he issued an in
junction forbidding a national rail
strike.
The injunction was a permanent
one replacing the temporary mo
strike" order he issued last May
after the government had seized the
railroads in the face of an impend-
ing strike. by the three operating
brotherhoods.
Justifying his action, Goldsborough
said that if he had not issued the
order 'the whole economic and po-
litical system of the nation would
be upset."
Although rail unions had protested
that a permanent injunction was un-
necessary, Goldsborough said they
could not be permitted ito adopt
a process which will disintegrate So
ciety ITSELF" That held true, he
pointed out, regardless of whatever
merits the unions case might hold.
'Our political influence through
out the world would be done away
with, we'd become laughing stock.
To permit a strike of this kind is
something society should not be
forced to tolerate"
But as the stalemate dragged on
the disputants apparently lost some
of their zest for the contest.
Finally series of conferences, ar
ranged by John r. Steelman, pres
idential assistant, resulted in more
or less amicable settlement: The
unions agreed to accept a wage in
crease of 151s cents an hour, plus
some changes in operating rules.
Chortled President Truman as he
called the labor and management
representative into his office: "You
did this on your own hook and feel
very good about it. congratulate all
of you on it."
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
Spending Money

AS the economic cooperation ad-
ministration closed it's Marshall plan
books on the first three months of
its operation it reported that re-
covery shipments worth $762, TAT, 140
were approved for Europe and China
during that period.
That total is about SO per cent
of the goal originally set for the
quarter, but ECA Administrator
Paul Hoffman said the unspent bal
ance would be used eventually.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
REPUBLICAN,:
Changes, If

Although the presidency of the
United States still is far from
reality for Gov. Thomas E. Dewey
of New York, the Republican nom-
inee nevertheless is giving consid-
cradle thought to some of the prob
lens that will face him if he does
get elected to the office.
If, for instance, he is to make
good his promise to sweep out ''16
years of Democratic cobwebs''
from the federal government, these
are some of the tasks he will be
expected to perform:
Replace hundreds of officials in
Washington and all over the nation
with men of his choice who will
put his policies into effect.
Establish with congress a coordi-
mated program of policies for all
federal departments, both foreign
and domestic.
Streamline government functions
and eliminate Implications in the
present structure of alphabetical
agencies and bureaus.
1t will be gigantic task. Pol
icies that a Republican president
would have to establish would range
through the current conduct of for
eign affairs; domestic spending of
taxpayers money; federal relations
with private business, labor and
industry; housing, veterans, agri-
culture and social Improvements.
Then there will be the matter of
choosing a cabinet that will be
geographically representative of
the entire nation.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23

unreasonable distance from where
he lives.
There are three kinds of defe::-
ments for those planning on going
to college Cd for all full-time str
dents, until academic year endsc
(2) advanced students in certain
specialties; 60 four years defer
ment for college students enrolling
in a full four-year ROTC course or
other military courses under spe-
cial conditions.
There are exemptions under GER
tain conditions for married men,
high school students, scientists, en-
gineers and reservists.
So not many young men who
don't want to are going to have
to serve in the armed forces of
their country. At least at pres
ent there seem to be enough
ready to step forward before
they are actually called.
AS I remarked, it is easy to un-
derstand why the average youth
would rather not accept the restric-
tions and discipline of army life.
A part of the lack of enthusiasm for
soldering is due to the long tradi-
ton in the United States that sol
diering is wartime business for
all those who don't make it their
flr11fiY,0n h11C Aud hA
word business because it describes
a career honored in this country far
above that of the professional man
the artist or the Writer-and the
homage rendered is even greater
in comparison if member Of the
military profession is involved, ex-
cepting, of course, war heroes.
This is something hard to change.
But the thing we can and should
combat is the propaganda referred
to earlier-propaganda which is put
forward in many cases for far diff
ferent reasons than even the pre-
ponents realize.
Far too often objection to mill
tary service is made on the
basis that it in itself is a bad
thing or a wasteful thing, when
the real reason behind the argu-
ment is a selfish unwillingness
to take the risk or sacrifice the
time and effort which the serv-
ice involves.
Frequently this false reasoning
stems entirely from the influence Of
a parent whose purely selfish pos
sessiveness has perverted the mind
of youngster who otherwise would
accept his responsibility and take
his training in his stride with no
more than the ordinary, harmless
grousing which is as much a part of
military service as the alibis at the
10th hole.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
PRICES:
Up Again

Consumers price index, formerly
called the cost of living index. for
mid-May this year rose 6 per cent
above that for mid-April to reach
a new all-time high. according to
figures released by National Indus
trial Conference board.
Expressed in 1928 dollars. the pur-
chasing power of the dollar stood
at 61.3 cents in May. That repre-
sents drop of 6 per cent from April
and IA per cent from June, 1947.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
Lemonade for MOngOls

Lemonade for MOngOls
A favorite beverage of the Mon
gol emperors was lemonade. A high
ranking official was appointed to
prepare the drink, which was be.
Ieved to have curative powers.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23

the part of so
m a n y y ou n g
Am meric ms to
leap to arms the
moment they as
certain that their
country has de-
cided they are
needed. There
are no bu gle S
blowing. No for
eign tyrant has
sole d the ma
ton S honor,
there is no Wis
ible sign of a
military neces-
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
Pointing for Service

POINTING TOT SerV1cO
Rapid service at your fngertips
soon will be available by newly de-
veloped vending machines. The de-
vices are equipped with an electric
eye which enables the customer to
get delivery merely by inserting coin
and pointing finger at the product
he desires.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23

Stin Room for Expansion
Despite recent progress in rural
identification, nine states report
that they each have more than 1OO.-
600 unserved farms.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
Was s{lsZ:{2s{sX : lIl:2:&5y1
Some Things Are Worse
Than Being in the Army
By BAUKHAGE
NerUS ANALYST and Commentator.

WASHINGTON-Less than a month from the draft
will hit young Americans but it will be nudge not waop
ensens of from the national guard and the
to the regular services.
expected that eigibles will until
between
requested
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
Investments Increased

An increase Of nearly five billion
dollars of foreign investments in the
United States took place during
World War II.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
Electric Automobile

In 1891 william Morrison, DeS
Moines, Iowa, designed an automo-
bile operated by electric storage
batteries.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
Ike Couldn't
Say Anything

Before the Democratic political
convention, Gen. Dwight D. Eisen-
hover couldn't sit down to write a
letter without reading in his news
paper the next day that that letter
had been translated into an accept
ance on his part to run against Tru-
man for the presidential nomina-
ton.
Had Eisenhower written a letter
saying that he often leaned back to
dream about the North African
campaign or to think about the de-
cisions at Casablanca. someone
would have been sure to come forth
to say: See that? He talks about
campaign-obviously limiting at
the presidential race-snd 'deci-
sions at Casablanca'-get that? Cas-
ablanca is Spanish for White House!
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
Largest Flight Bird

Largest Flight Bird
Measuring four feet in length and
nine feet between wing tips, the con-
dor, an American vulture, is one Of
the largest existing birds of fight
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
It Wasn't Like This
In the Old Army

The army psychologists have been
working double time ever since they
discovered that it took more than
CUTS and gunpowder to win wars,
and that the winning was easier on
something besides hardtack and
whiskey.
In World War II, besides the best
food an army ever ate, better med
ical attendance than the average
civilian can get, and a lot more SUI
perlatives, the armed forces went
in for yards and yards Of colored
ribbon. 1t did no harm, even if the
British did say. the Yanks got
new service stripe every time they
saw battle in a newsreel. And it
helped morale.
And now something new has
been added. A whole new sys-
tenn of chevrOns in two cOlOrs
have been devised for combat
and nOn-cOmbat nOn-cOmmiS-
stoned officers. Combat lead
ers-Squade Sergeants and pla-
tOOn sergeants, for example
get an inch-wide tab of green in
the middle of each shoulder
loop.
Despite all this, I can't help think
ing of the verse that came out of
war where the prevailing color was
olive drab-with the drab predomi-
mating. It goes like this: Oh the
general with his shiny stars, leadin'
the parade, the colonel and the ad-
jutant a-sportin' all the braid, the
major and the skipper-none of 'em
look so fine as newly minted cor
poral a-comin' down the ine!"
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
So They Have Hearts

So They Have Hearts
The heart of an insect is a slender
tube suspended along the midline Of
the back, close to the dorsal wall Of
the body.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
Biggest Gold Mine

There are few if any mines in the
world that contains more gold than
is stored In the vaults at Ft. Knox,
KY.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
Rivers of Milk Used

More than go million quarts Of
fresh milk and cream now are be-
ing used daily by American con-
SumerS.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
Arabs and Jews Go Back to War
As U.N. Truce Fails in Palestine;
Truman 0ks Farm Price Support
BY Bill Schoentgen, WNU Staff Writer

Th T nSns R. nd us @ & &
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23

It isn't at all strange that there is<
q certain amount of reluctance on
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23
HELP NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.

TEACHERS WANTED-Primary. $3.50:
Girls Physical Ed, $3.50 Commercial.
$3,400; Journalism, $S,1OO; Home Ec.'
$3.50; Library, $4,000; Manual IT,.
$500. Have several hundred grade
vacancies to fill Calf, Ore, Wash.
Ariz. Salaries $2,S00-$3,700. Why teach
for less? We place teachers every west
ern state. Teachers Exchange, Boulder
Colo.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23

BIG combination sale Registered Here
fords and Quarter Horses and colts by
Ed Nix and Sons and Isaac T. Earl
Boulder, Colo, August 18, 1948.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23

FOR SALE Ann Arbor No. 40 baler.
Folder style mounted on Model 'B"
Ford truck, with up size M & M motor
used 80 hours motor to baler. V-belted.
Would consider trade of New Holland.
M & M, or John Deere baler. Call or
write b. III. Mcconnell, Fort Morgan,
Colo. Phone 5G5.
Arizona sun., 1948-07-23

REAL ESTATE-MISC.
~ ACRES equipped for 1000 chickens.
orchard and berry patch. 7-room house.
$4,000 for quick sale. Redvale, MOntrOse
County, Colorado. e. L. Mckee, p. o.
Box "a
WNU-M 29-48
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-04-02
GIN NOT BOTHERED
BY Initiation

Detrot-FP-Last year made his
tory and super-profits for the Gen.
eral Motors Corp. Its 1e47 profits
more than triple those of 1916 and
sales also reached record level, it's
annual report revealed.
Net profits in 1o47 scared to $780,
100000, equal to 1924 a common
share. This compared with a 1916
net profit of $e7,5O0,oO0, equal to
$1.76 a common share. Net sales
were $3,soo,ooo,ooO, almost double
those in 1916. Some of the dollar
volume increase in sales repre-
sented an increase in prices rather
than an increase in physical volume,
the report admitted.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-04-02

show. Trieste too was exhibiting,
concentrating on industrial goods and
advertising its port facilities.
The Italians, Swiss, and Hungarians,
brought apples andoranges for exhibit
and sale, and long queues of Czecho-
slovaks crowded for a bargain buy
and without ration tickets!
In the third area the central ex-
hibits were Czechoslovak radio and
electronic equipment. The price range
hinged in part on international values,
but there are many exception. Some
Czech products are sold for less for
export than for the home market. This
is necessary to gain critical dollars
for the world market buying and sell
ing. But it seems unfair to the home
folks
Prague had few changes for the
Fair visitors. Communist party head
quarters displayed big sign reading,
I'VE Welcome Fair Visitors" They
are aware of the dollar shortage too
The special lights at the Castle on
the hill and the Museum were on for
the first time in months. l hadn't
seen them on in the six months I've
been here. Nor the bright neon lights
in the main square. There was little
of new goods in the store windows.
With the meat shortage, fish were
prominent, frozen Scandinavian prod
ucts and old UNRRA canned goods.
Back when the Fair officially
opened, Prime Minister Gottwald was
in the audience. Dr. Kubelik made
the opening remarks there too. He
filled the air with good will--speaking
in Czech, Russian, English, IN d
French-welcoming the guests, adver
Using the Fair and its products, and
getting in a few political plugs. In
a supplement to the prepared state
ment he made, which was translated
into English and French and handed
out, he added in Russian an emphasis
on All-Slav solidarity. He next
in English the need for trade
extension with the west.
1t was quite a show-at the Fair
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-04-02

guaranteed" allowances for his fam
lily if he will join the guerrillas in
the mountains. The poor devil is still
trying to make up his mind.
The standard economic indexes
have the old, familiar ring. The Greek
gold-sovereign rate is now 100000
drachmas, compared with 12S,000 last
March. The black market dollar is
1860, the legal rtae is $500 Note
circulation has jumped from 500 bill
lion to 900 billion. The wholesale
commodity price index of the Bank
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-04-02

of Greece is 2S,5OO, compared with
1900 last year.
To get the U. S. reforms through
the Greek parliament is one-to-
three-month nightmare. To every
body's relief, parliament has just re-
luctantly voted itself a two-month re-
cess. During virtually the entire
month of February, the chamber did
not pass a single piece of legislation.
Few Neutral
All this inevitably has resulted, ac-
cording to the American embassy
here, in a bad press in the United
States for the American correspond
ents on the spot. The supersensitive
Greek press furiously retaliates by
tearing down the American mission
as well as the Greek government. This
press situation at the moment preoc-
cupies state department officials al
most above all else because of the
effect on congress when it considers
the request for further Greek military
aid.
Greek news coverage, American of
ficials point out, is difficult at best
because few foreign correspondents
know the language. Next, there are
almost no neutral observers in
Greece: everybody has an ak to grind
or to sink into somebody's skull.
Lastly, the officials assert, the sup
of the unavoidably frag-
but generally accurate dis
patches of the news agencies is often
provided by special correspondents of
individual newspapers who drop into
Greece for few days and then write
showing the picture in it's
entire context.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-04-02

mt seen any RED Commissars', but
Communists had moved to a greater
number of key positions than they
held prior to the crisis True, | saw
no Red troops" but during the dem
onstrations | saw civilians with red
armbands and rifles which / deter
mined to factory and mine security
police" (There are farmers security
police" in the German and Austrian
frontier areas to prevent any were
wolf" activity.
There is every indication that fac
tories are running alright, the work
ers can even give days wages to
help the peoples democratic army in
Greece" called guerilla bands in the
vests communicates. The strength
of the economy and the step closer
to socialism will have to be borne out
by future developments. The most
interesting part of the fair chairman's
statement was that people changed
their minds. | hope to go into that
one in a later article.
Now, on with the Fair. There were
almost 5000 representatives of ex
hibitOrs and buyers who came here
from 81 other countries, in addition
to ordinary visitors. This shows
there was some freedom of entry and
exit for foreigners. Less than 80 can
cellations were made because of the
political developments.
The Fair was held in three main
building which houses most of the
areas, one a very modern six story
Czechoslovak industrial prod NC s.
These ranged from heavy machinery,
electrical and farm equipment, small |
instruments and metal goods, through |
chemical products, textiles and cloth
ing, to glassware, ceramics, wood and |
paper products. 1t seemed to be |
easier to buy lathe or tractor than
toothbrush, though | needed and |
could easier afford the toothbrush.
OF the six special exhibits spon-
sored by foreign countries, grouped !
III another area, | liked best to look
at the Yugoslav and Bulgarian handi-
crafts. There were many examples
of fine needlework, word carving,
metal work, leather goods, choice SOU
venir articles, and small works of art.
OF course, the wine looked good too.
In the Hungarian exhibit, | liked the
bright textiles. carpets, and peasant
wares. The Hungarians, like the
Italians, also showed some examples
of their machine products. But the
Swiss exhibit had more machinery to
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-04-02

Peter krehel with a BA degree
from the University of Chicago
last spring, is now doing post grad
uate work at the University of
Prague, Czechoslovakia. The son
of a Pennsylvania coal miner, Mr..
krehel saw several years of serv-
ice with the US Air Force from
which he was honorabIy discharg-
ed at the end of the war with the
rank of captain. He is very much
interested in the common man and
democratic processes. While still
in his teens he edited coal miners
paper and later published for a
short time an agricultural journal
in the New England states.
His present work gives him an
opportunity to view first hand de-
velopments in middIeIand of the
local war;. czechosIovakia, child
of World War |, made considerable
progress as a democracy, it will be
remembered, and was forsaken by
the Western governments when the
fascists put on the famous squeeze
play at Munich.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-04-02
Franco Approval The
Last Straw

The Peoples Voice:
1t is like breath of fresh air to
read the Peoples Voice" after a
| week of the daily press.
| took heed Of the advice given in
Comments and Quotes" March 26,
and have just polished off two letters
to our senators.
was really het up when I saw the
headline in this mornings Tribune:
House Approves American Help for
Franco SPAIN.
I have long been disturbed by our
policy in Greece, China and Turkey
but the Franco Spain approval is the
last straw.
Keep up the good work in your
excellent paper AS long as papers
like the Voice" send out beams of
light, there is no need to hide behind
cloak of ignorance.
Very sincerely yours, (MRS.) LILY
MCKENZIE, Great Falls.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-04-02
Thinks Voice Getting
Better
PEOPLES Voice:

Peoples Voice:
l am inclosing SO check. Two dol
lars for my renewal to The Peoples
Voice and one dollar for copies of
Glen Taylor's speech
Lately I observed that your paper
is getting better Less Dragging of
what we have accomplished (Which is
absolutely NOTHING but inflated toy
balloons) and more down to earth
articles like Bruce's, Maurys, Bills,
etc.-Very truly yours, JOHN SIEVE
ROVIC, Broadus.