Evening star., 1948-11-14
directors. They would not exercise
any military authority.

directors. They would not exercise
any military authority.
Dimout May Not be Needed.
The dark-to-dawn dimout which
enveloped coastal cities during the
last war probably would not be
required in any new conflict. The
report stated present indications
are that dimout measures will not
be employed in future war"
Included in the report were two
suggested legislative forms. One was
a bill setting up the organization for
the Federal Government and the
other was a model bill for States
which they might use as a general
pattern. The latter contained a
loyalty oath for workers. No at
tempt was made to pattern NUM-
cipal legislation.
In going into Pathological defense
in event of an atomic attack. the
Hopley report attempted a cautious
course which sought to avoid a
frightening picture while giving
facts.
Because a single atomic bomb
dropped on large city could cause
100000 casualties-40000 Of them
either killed instantly or dead with
in few weeks-preparing for such
an attack will require special skills
and most efficient operation" it
declared.
Could Save Many Injured.
MANY of those injured could be
saved; countless others could be
protected from further suffering by
measures taken promptly after an
attack" the report continued.
Prime purpose Of Pathological de-
fense would be to detect the con-
tinuing hazards and see that they
are avoided, both by the civil de-
fense workers and the public. Hence
survey and technical units, with
equipment to measure the radia-
ton hazards (Geiger counter, spec
ial purpose electroscopes, plotting
and charting eauipment, would
move carefully into an area as the
first task after an attack. Areas
would be posted for the guidance Of
all the services. So insidious is the
nature of the contamination that
extreme care would have to pe taken
over a considerable period"
The report said an atomic bomb,
however it came, could mean dew
astation and death at many points
on such a scale that the tasks of
rescue and restoration would be far
beyond the present capabilities of
the people and the communities
attacked"
1t admitted that "it is sometimes
stated that there is no defense
against the atomic bomb" but added
that civil defense must be ready"
Would Warn Of Danger.
Civil defense could tell survivors
of an atomic attack to avoid con-
taminated areas until the danger is
passed-and civil defense would
know the areas. 1t would tell them
how to dispose of contaminated
clothing, to be careful what they
touch and eat and take other pre-
ventive measures" the report con-
tinued. IF they were III from radia-
ton from an atomic bomb, it would
furnish blood to restore their health.
And it would move about in stricken
areas restoring calm, reassuring the
frightened, removing the Ill and the
homeless"
The report saw little help from
bomb shelters as protection against
the atomic bomb and pointed out
that World War II experience indi-
Gated that such shelters were not
practicable considering costs, ma
terials and manpower particularly
If direct hits of large bombs were
to be considered" With the A
bomb, it stated, lit now seems
clearer than ever that only partial
protection would be feasible"
It recommended the organfZa ton
of evacuation systems, using all
available forms of transportation,
and the listing OF all people in raid