davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1948-05-25

Croix. Typhoid fever is a con-
tagious disease caused by a
germ which is found in the
urine and bowel discharges of
the person who is suffering
from the disease or of one who
might not look or feel sick,
but nevertheless is carrying
the germs of the disease.
A person becomes i'll with
typhoid when he takes food or.
drink, that has become con
taminated in some way by the
infected urine or feces of the
i'll person or of the carrier.
About from seven to four
teen days after the person
takes the contaminated food or
drink, he gets a slight temper
allure, a feeling of body discom
fort, and a moderate headache.
AS the days pass, body aches
occur, increasing weakness re-
suits, and the patient finds
himself too i'll to work Occa-
sionally the onset Of the
disease is rather abrupt ac-I
companied by chills and fever.
Later on, characteristic spots
appear on the body, most fre-
quently on the abdomen, some
times on the chest and back.
In some cases, the patient
merely feels unWell, but not
sufficiently SO to keep him
from work.
a patient who has typhoid
fever may develope complica-
tons which may lead to his
death.
There is no specific cure for
the disease once it has been
contracted, but certain steps
can be taken to protect the
community and the individual
against the disease.
Since cases have already
been found, and it is import
ant to prevent their spread
THE MOST IMPORTANT
MEASURE TO RELY ON AT
THE PRESENT TIME is
VACCINATION. BY taking
three cases Of typhoid vaccine
spaced about a week apart,the
individual is given protection
against the disease for a period
OF about two wears
, 1948-05-25
CHEVROLET 1887 model
Good Condition
Reasonable Price

See M. Winthrop Phaire or
leave Information at the Avis
Office.
Evening star., 1948-11-27
Fraternity Conference
Fayors Ban on Negroes
BY the Associafed Press

NEW YORK, Nov. 27.-Represent-
atives of American college fraterni-
ties have voted unofhcially to con-
tinue the ban on Negroes.
Delegates from Is colleges at the
National Interfraternity Conference
voted yesterday to keep the discrim-
inatory clause barring Negroes from
membership. Twelve opposed the
ban. Representatives of 10 colleges
were absent at the time of the vote,
taken in an informal show Of hands.
Officials of the 40th annual con-
ference emphasized the tally was
merely an expression Of opinion
taken during a heated discussion on
the question of fraternity discrimi-
nation. 1t did not represent a ballot
on official conference resolutions
and was not binding on any one.
The question of religious discrimi-
nation also came up but no definite
vote was taken.
Thirty-six delegates favored the
proposition that the national fra
terpity's rules should prevail for all
chapters. A mo" vote was not taken.
Much unofficial interest was
aroused at the conference by the
recent suspension by Phi Kappa Psi
Fraternity Of its Amherst College
chapter because the chapter asked
a Negro to join.
The national Executive Council of
the fraternity is to meet here to-
morrow to consider this matter.
Evening star., 1948-11-27
Rewards Of S1,10O Offered
In Georgia Staying Of Negro
Nv fine Associated Press

LYONS, Ga, Nov. 27.-Rewards
totaling s1,10o were posted today In
the mysterious Staying OF Robert
Mallard on a lonely country road.
Editor Harry Rhoden of the Lyons
Progress said he does not believe
the Toombs County Negro was killed
by white men. He promised $500 to
any one who can prove he was.
Another 5000 in rewards for the
slayer was offered by two anony-
nous GeorgianS.
Mr.. Rhoden made his offer yes
terday after Gov. Talmadge told
newsmen he expected startling"
developments soon in Investigation
Of the death.
State patrolmen and Georgia Bu-
reau OF Investigation agents are on
the case on orders from Gov. Tai
madge.
Capt. Delmar Jones, new director
OF the OBI, would not talk about
the investigation yesterday but when
asked. WAS, maybe, Mallard killed
by another Negro?" he replied:
That's about it.
The dead mans wife ands two
other Negroes said they were am
pushed on a park road about 20
miles from Lyons last Saturday.
Evening star., 1948-11-27
Macarthur 10 Release
Bulletin on Executions
AS Soon as Possible
By the Associated Press

TOKYO, Nov. 27.-Gen. Mac
Arthur's headquarters, still refusing
to let newsmen witness the execution
Of Hideki TOTO and six other war
criminals, relaxed its position ever
so slightly today.
Col. M. P. Echols, Gen. Mac
Arthur's publicity chief, agreed. on
the importuning of correspondents.
to release "as soon as possible" a
bulletin after the hangings are
secretly carried out at Sugamo
prison.
Details will follow. Col Echols
said, as soon afterward as they can
be prepared in the form of a typed
release"
The previous plan called for re-
lease of the news at 10 am. g pm.
EST. the previous date regardless
of when the men were hanged.
Macarthur Refuses to Talk.
Previously. Gen. Macarthur had
refused to permit even one newsman
to witness the hanging, although the
Army in the execution OF top Ger
man Nazis permitted a pool" man
representing the major news services
to attend those executions.
Gen. Macarthur himself refused
Ito discuss the coverage of the i'm
portant postwar news event with
correspondents. Col. Echols, ordi-
narily an easy-going officer, some
what nervously and irritably read
"a statement today in the name OF
Gen. Macarthur, that said:
THE same procedure will be fol-
lowed with reference to these war
criminals as has been established
and practiced here from the begin
ming in accord with the general pro-
prietieS involved"
Refuses to Elaborate.
He refused to elaborate or iden-
tify what "proprieties" were meant
Col. Echols also refused to answer
any other questions pertaining to
the executions.
Earlier Col. Echols had said in
his opinion the executions would not
be carried out on Sunday. But they
are apt to occur any time after
that, although the general opinion
here Is that the seven will be
hanged on Wednesday.
Col. Echols said in usual cases
the condemned men are given q
reasonable time, usually a week, to
get their affairs in order.
Appeals of the convicted war
criminals were reviewed and denied
last Wednesday by Gen. Macarthur.
Evening star., 1948-11-27
FAC Plans 10 Elect
Six New Countries
To Food Council
By MalcoIm Lomborne, Jr.

Delegates to the United Nations
Food and Agriculture Organiza-
ton planned TO-DAY to elect as many
as six new countries to its l8-nation
World Food Council.
They also were expected to re-
elect Viscount Stanley Bruce OF
Australia as council chairman. The
council is FAO's executive body
which operates between annual con-
ferences.
One-year terms of six countries
France, Egypt. Mexico, India,
Australia and Denmar k-on the
council have expired and their
places are expected to be taken by
others
In order to meet their deadline,
delegates meeting in the Shoreham
Hotel were faced with night session
in some commissions officials hope
to wind up the conference Monday.
Sessions began November IS.
Dillon Hits World Bank.
Commission I, studying means of
increasing world food production
and distribution, was sparked yes
terday by fortnight declarations OF
the Irish minister of agriculture,
James M. Dillon.
Among other things, Mr.. Dillon
termed the International Bank All
international joke" He said the
amount of money loaned by the
agency so far was just enough to
pay the salaries of bank officials
to find out whether other countries
are solvent"
Edward G.. Gale, a spokesman for
the United States delegation, came
to the defense of the bank. He said
it was particularly inappropriate
for one organization to intervene IN
the affairs of another"
Notwithstanding Mr.. Dillon intro
duced a resolution that included
these points:
Planning shall not be allowed to
degenerate into planning for scarcity
Planning should be for the maxi
mum output consistent with main
tenance of soil fertility.
1T shall be the duty of individual
governments primarily to provide
stable prices for their own nationals" "
In addition, Mr.. Dillon sought to
have the FAC 60 on record as call
ing on the United States and the
United Kingdom Ito take the neces-
sary initiative for restoring con-
vertibility between dollars and ster-
ling by appropriate inter-govern-
mental legislative action"
Withdraws Motion.
Lord Bruce, commission chair
man, pleaded with Mr. Dillon to
withdraw that part Of his motion on
the grounds it would place FAC in
an embarrassing light. Mr.. Dillon
consented, but only after receiving
assurance that the commission would
take up his points on planning.
Ceylon and Chinese delegates also
criticized the International Bank.
Earlier, the commission heard an
appeal from the Pakistan represen-
tative for "a grand gesture of geno-
rosity" by the United States and
other have" nations to keep the
Far East from going Communist.
H. S. M. Ishaque. alternate dele
gate from Pakistan, said this ges-
ture should take the form of a sys-
tenn of lend-lease or a Marshall
Plan for the Far East or hberaliza-
ton of lending by the International
Bank and the International None
tary Fund.
Evening star., 1948-11-27
Boy, IS, Is Shot 10 Death
As He FIees From Police
Nv fhe Aasociated Press

PITTSBURGH, Nov. 27.-A 15-
year-old boy was shot to death last
night as he and three other teen
ayers fled county policemen answer
ing a burglar alarm.
Capt. George Thomas. South Park
police detachment, said his men
were answering burglar alarm at
tached to the coin box of a tele-
phone pay station near the park
swimming pool.
The fatal shot, he said, was fired
by Patrolman Gerard Mills Of SUBJ
urban Brookline. The patrolmar
had been aiming low" Thomas re-
ported, but apparently the boy
tripped as he ran. The bullet en-
tered the back of his head"
The victim, Thomas Wright, ol
Knoxville, was pronounced deac
from a bullet wound in the back o1
the head on arrival at Mercy Hos.
pital.
No charges had been filed eithel
against the boys-two Of whom
Capt. Thomas said later were pickee
up-or Patrolman Mills. The police
captain added that the identity o.
the fourth boy was known.
Evening star., 1948-11-27
Vatican Daily Denies Report
0fSa|e Of Suez Stock TO US.
ex the Asso<ioted Press

VATICAN CITY, Nov. a.
"osservatore Romano" yesterday
described as fantasy a Moscow radio
report that the Vatican sold 1000
shares of Suez Canal stock to the
United States.
Moscow Radio, said Osservatore,
Thursday night quoted Rome news
paper circles to the effect the sale
was made, adding that the shares
were gift by Napoleon's consort in
1859, and that Myron Taylor, per-
sonal representative of President
Truman, had for years ceaselessfy
sought to obtain them"
Osservatore pointed out no news
paper had printed such an account,
which mot even romantic evocation
of the Empress Eugenia could credit
as coming from good source"
Evening star., 1948-11-27
Campaign 10 Increase
Housing Is Discussed
By Truman and Foley
by the Associated Press

President Truman and the Gov
ernment housing chief yesterday
talked over plans to get more roofs
over American heads as quickly and
cheaply as possible.
Housing Administrator Raymond
M. Foley said after the White House
conference that they had discussed
ways to get quick aid from both
Congress and private industry to
boost production and cut prices.
Later. the Governments Housing
and Home Finance Agency said 1t
was making progress in plan to
standardize building codes and ma
terials.
This plan, MIR. Foley explained,
is to help private industry by max
ing available to 1t technical know
how worked up through Government
research.
Four-Point Program.
Mr.. Foley's talk with Mr.. Truman
yesterday centered around a four
point program which is to be offered
to Congress probably in January:
/. Federal aid for. low-rent hous-
ing projects for low-income fami-
lies.
2. Federal loans and grants for
Slum clearance.
3. Federal aid to farmers for rural
homes and repairs.
4. Federal sponsorship Of a long
range housing research program to
help private industry.
Mr.. Foley said that, in addition to
the legislative program. the Govern
ment will make a Nationwide effort
10 win cooperation of builders,
lenders, labor and other interested
groups to stimulate more home con-
struction at lower costs and rents.
The housing legislation being
planned is similar to the twice
beaten Taft-Ellender- Wagner bill,
named for Senators Taft, Repub-
ncan. of Ohio: Ellender, Democrat,
of Louisiana, and Wagner, Demo-
crat, of New York. -
Senator Ellender has announced
he will revive such a bill as soon as
Congress meets.
Uniform Plumbing Code.
The Governments Standardization
program depends on cooperation
among technicians of private indus
try, contractors, builders. and even
universities, Mr. Foley said.
One specific problem already at
tackled is the uniform plumbing
code. A committee composed Of
representatives Of the National AS
sociation of Master Plumbers. the
United Association of Journeymen
Plumbers, the United States Public
Health Service and the National
Bureau of Standards has developed
a uniform plumbing code for
housing
The Housing and Home Finance
Agency is preparing three educa-
tional booklets explaining the
Standardization program. One will
90 to home buyers, the second to
architects and designers, and the
third to contractors and builders.
Also, model building codes will be
worked up for communities to adopt.
Evening star., 1948-11-27
Child, a, Still in Critical
Condition After Fall

Mary Margaret Proctor, 4, who fell
from a second story window Of hel
Falls Church home Thursday after.
noon, remained in critical condition
today at Arlington Hospital. She
has been placed in an iron lung.
She is the daughter of Mr.. ane
Mrs. Lawrence M. Proctor, of 2ls
North Cherry street, Falls Church.
Evening star., 1948-11-27
La Toilette to Quit Post
lin Germany in January
RY the Axsoeiofed Pros

STUTTGART. Germany. Nov. 27
Charles M. La Toilette said last
night that he would retire in Janu-
ary as director of the American
military government for the Ger
man state of Wuerttemberg- Baden
A brief announcement gave no
reason and did not disclose future
plans except that he will return to
the United States. Mr.. La Toilette
is a former member of Congress
from Evansville, Ind.
He was appointed to the post a
year ago. His successor has not
been named.
Evening star., 1948-11-27
Greek Ship Aground
OFF Kingston, Jomoico
v the Associcfed Press

NEW YORK. Nov. 27.-fhe Greek
Liberty ship Marian is aground or
Morant Gays, go miles southeast Of
Kingston, Jamaica. and tugboat
has been sent to her aid. the Coast
Guard here said today.
Coast Guard area headquarters
said the 7,176-ton ship radioed to.
day she. was in no danger ano
needed only a commercial tug tc
refloat her. The Merritt Chapman
e. Scott Corp. tug Relief was dis.
patched from Kingston.
Evening star., 1948-11-27
Spunish REQUIRED

Motion picture theaters in Panama
City. Panama, are now prohibited
from showing pictures or newsreels
with English or other foreign Ian
guages exclusively, but may screen
those with Spanish subtitles.
Evening star., 1948-11-27

MISS TRUMAN GIVES FIRST DOLL-MiSs Margaret Truman
yesterday started WRC annual Doll House campaign by giving
the first doll to Broadcaste Bill Herson The Doll House will be
opened Monday at las at Eleventh and streets NV for its
Christmas The radio station hopes exceed its
1e47 of $4,000 dolls and toys Christmas shoppers
for distribution among the poor.
Evening star., 1948-09-15
HELP MEN AND WoMEN.

COUPLE; man for garden and all-around
work: lady 4; for oss hoy'ework; all modern
FOUNTAIN HELP. experienced; hours. s.
roundinss. Apply In person. s433 Bennins
IAYoUr ARTIST, preferably with aseney:
experience handling all media: one who
opportuDty ppHs Dtyut, for man anu or woman who has
1927. for appointment. 49,
MEN AND WOMEN 1or sales work in and
sss Sn nR Rfd w. set Dsks sasn 5s 49, MT Ts5
REAL RI ne Es1aTErex Pn to PM new agents need needed
abeut as ut0sagsse eaper We We Know the business and
will teach yoq and you fa1 MAKE nesa Geps, 1s
viii to work, Room 206,. Century BldE.,
4l2 5th st. NV, between and Wed. or
81 SODA zT ro1S4AN 52ssi CLERKS. walters. wait.
resses. for large restaurant and ice cream
sha shep meals PM tS
TELEPHONE SOLICITORS. experienced, for
roofing, sidias and storm windows. ME
toSsE H'h hASb iSBfiiaSs Ap's 5 g Hs
WANTED. couple to board and take COM
must mus be bathed. dressed. assisted in walk
ing: can feed himself; speech affected;
will pay $50 per month. Send application
with three references to Box 341-x, Star
OPENINGS AVAILABLE in the new and
srester Lubar. Inc, 1900 g st. NV, fol
sales help and stenographers: excellent
working conditions: salaries liberal. COM
nensIrate with ability and q real future
See Mr.. Inoff 8 to daily. LUBAR. INC.
| 1900 G st. NV. -15
WANTED-Married couple, without chill
dren: to occupy 4-room house in 7-acre
wooded grove. in exchange for room and
board for owner, an elderly gentleman.
w. r EASTER. Barnesville, Md. 16.
Evening star., 1948-09-15
SPECIAL NOTICES.

PARTY BRIDGE NIGHT. Sept Is, Wednes-
day evening pm. at the Connecticut
Bridge Club, 2605 Conn. ave. NV. (at Cal
vert; prizes and snacks. Membership dues
nominal. Come join US, make new friends
and spend a pleasant, sociahle evening
l5'
WILL NOT BE responsible for any debt.
contracted by any one other than myself
AUTO PAINTED, BAKED factory finish
S59.50; expert body, fender work. lev
prices. 2015 L st. NV, ST. 36S7. 30'
DIAMONDS, JEWELRY WANTED-Hlsh.
est cash prices. Free appraisal. ARTHUR
MARKEL. $40 p st NV. MA. O2S4
ACCOUNTANT, expert-Books started, KEPT
part time; tax returns prepared; state
ments: audits: reasonable OR. 2O74
automatic; no cash needed; small mon thly
payment: immediate installation. THoMP.
AFTER THIS DATE the UNDERSIGNED win
by any one other than himself ARCHIE
ny dNE 2S ssfs THE FGTe IL
involving autos and one woman at Ga
sye sSe,,, and msrsh,.p sl, no ST. Aug 8, 1s45 =
COME IN AND LET THE DYEwoRK spe.
cialist give YOU individual advice on whict
color and shade is best suited for you
EXQuISITES dyeing is like from heaven
Call Georgia Nine Seven Seven Seven.
1 WILL NOT be responsible for bill.
IRA e LA LONDE, Jr., Box 5I, Smith
ave, Seabrook, Md.
Evening star., 1948-09-15
SALESMAN,

toms outstanding electrical appliance
stores: good proposition to qualified man.
COLONY RADIO. 6119 Ga. ave. NV. Ask
Statesmen, experienced. to sell food to
for the right men. Apply BANNER BROS,
II ka1r RsfssasA nsTAfE Il sSIE stsiE tD time only
Apply between IL and l pm, J. NOBLE
BOAZ, Realtor, 7424 wisconsin ave. NV.
Statesmen, live-wire speciality; commission
bond s.MBVI1IL SERVICE sz5N BUREAU. 9s 3sl7
STORM WiNDowsDJoin = lse.. reputab
organization in the sale Of the lowest price:
highest quality aluminium comb. storm and
inexper., we train you; salary plus comm.
T Tuimsn at VIM. BoRNsTE1N 4 son. NC.
End and Kennedy SITS. nv -i9
sdveI,,ed adding machine 1s.a model deI
every inch a business machine. Easy to
big money at 49ee profit. For hfe-size
color photo and full details with no OBJ
ps MHss ssta s0es, g. 'H t b.ps ke ss
e saBY SPrPf PGRS6sE hi t9s Anssfsi Hi S. 81
Letting. leads furnished. plus some sppts.
Come in nov with young and groEfnS
ONCE. Call DI. 1855 between 10 and IL
ssT s.s. an opening ief
young man to sen shoes; experience pre-
tunity for advancement Appiy TRIPLE
SHOE CO., 3102 18th st. NV. -lo
Evening star., 1948-09-15
When dnswertng aduerttse-

When dnsDertng ddperttse-
ments addressed to Star bores
do NOT tnclose original REFER
ences, photographs or other
papers OF personal Dalue. Ad-
Uerttsers often fail to call for
all replies addressed to a Star
bor number and this mail is
destroyed IL remaining oUer
10 days after final insertion
OF advertisement.
In order to protect its ddDer-
ttsers from receiDing circular
matter, 1t is expressly under
stood and agreed that all such
matter Dill be tptthheld as
far as possible by The Star
Only bona fde dnsDers to
advertisements addressed to
boz numbers In care of The
Star Diu be deltDered to dd-
DertiserS on presentation OF
the bot number ticket.
Evening star., 1948-09-15
sAlesAAEN fca.&.),

EXPERMNCED In selling. Nation-wide
long distance household goods moving var
service; well-established van line. Boz
SALESMAN. 1s to "A yrs old: outside
work. paint and hardware; will train; neat
appearing; Apply S23-26 Pedar st.. IA
SALESMAN-We are lookins for . man
between Is and 40 with sales ability, GOOD
education and pleasing personality. who is
accustomed to active contact with the
public. II qualified, write immediately
stating age, education. experiences. whether
quired. Give address and telephone mum.
Der. II your letter indicates you mishi
, ft into our orsani11tion , an app0,nifmden, pniden,
tial Box 63-Z. Star.
ROOFING. siding and storm window sales.
leads furnished. ME. $500. -21
MAN AND WIFE, not over 40, with car
free to travel; sell radio Advertising; salar,
and comm. Call MR.. DODGE District
,}43f5, Ext. 22S IT.
Evening star., 1948-09-15
HELP MEN.

Asn,5a St rItH EAzERs Md APBsy tSho
AUTO BODY MAN AND PA1NTER: excel
al tools. HERsoNs S AUTO & APPLIANCE
SSsesSrAS2 Se IA st MANAcER r. for oo Outside work
with large corporation: opportunity for
seIson saGER sEWG H2s MAH s o
atsss1lsffaNr ats1 fGnNa MA MSNAGER-rHE ns EMpLo1YEs
o G9 sna4 So Rs auto to :1per
mensurate with previous finance company
tDtE .?:sFy5ss' n: of % ea + Si SsG
AS4o aEi IN MECHANICS, very good opportunity
sesptsl ess and SICK Daa sn best s.ary
Sr fSr JosssR FSsdn nat Eiss S2Ek
MOBILE CO, Z N. Y. ave. ne. RE 64s44.
AUTOMOBILE MEcHANICs-opportu
for few good reliable men; work in 9
..s i holidays - wen shop IS ecssd
iste. H.nS SriiiantIy h p uoreseent iieS.ed shop:
esaipment tG9s and G'sS shop aa toois aS FeioWs s
II, hT Phqne me fST %oa11 aP1pei9tmento Gn os
s.. NV, Decatur 1910. Now in our 35th
AUTO MECHANICS. experienced; 5la-day
edays sid yh and aeF hGa
See Nj Schubert, NORTHEAST MOTOR
co, Ford o dealer 92o Biadensburs -rd-
AFRO III Sf' MEcHANrc-oood siHr pay, ideal
ss5tGs iSsS.'7i 9fs5ePs; Sh
xUIoMoTIvE MACHINIsT, only one cap
chine shop, reborins; shaft srindins, etc
liable man Box s75-x, Star. lie
AUTOMOBILE MECHANIC to install ae-
for one of Washington's largest Ford
dealers; excel. opportunity for sober: rsli;
sAL ssi m.H r. mp Aepya a1s s p. rals aSs RAhk
xUTo PAINTERS HELPER, sxpey!snsea
Co, Ford dealer, a20 Bladensburg rd
AnTo PARIS RTso OR SERVICE SALESMAN te
hs5 sdSao or DeeT
Reply in handwriting full experience te
AITo Gf SH;H sHIEsMAN sssE and buyer. experiences
for well-established used-car company, we
euired. ui 'e Good salary to start and a secure
future ASro tSE 5hS E5hi c INC af5
Bladensburg I'd. ne. IL $500.
AUToMoTIvE TRUCK MECHANIC. Isl
class, also farm tractor and equipment
paid vacation, holidays; salary: stead!
work See Mr.. Gunter, or Mr. Maloney
Sss sns sPss sf asePs. ''ss
sisi sAKEK's ssfHELE HELPER, must be experienced
paid vacation and free meals. See Tro,
Esterlins, THoMPsoN'S CAFETERIA y!
saREs, ssie I: fs. fer aoushnu.. and sweet 19eds
Apply 703 Michigan ave. ne Il, Il,
school education. Apply emily 4 interestet
IN eankins s OF App n peE
Riverdale, Nd See Mr.. waters or Mr.
SooS1KsKEEpER-rYPIsT. under 80 year
of age; one that has had experience Il
general once work preferred; vi, wori
permanent position; vacation with pay
Mr. Brown, ARMY-NAvY COUNTRY
CLUB, 24OO 18th St, South Arlington, Va
ROoKKEEPER-TYPIST man. wit
year Of accounting training. Appl
EISINGER MILL g. LUMBER CO.. Bethes
~ Coy = over Me Is; for soda fountain WORK
ao v3, ts IL xsssos, SO GAYS LAY R vi 44sy syer' Sun
Sell name plates for front doors, Writ
NATIONAL ENGRAvERS. 212-A Summer
iseRk1 saiiseeRk1$YIks steady xoFs Aep||, Bret
ton Hal oe: At New phane anmpshiFes s sos5 h
sves., 'So Nc. 4sos. Union 5oS. is
HSItKLAYERs, mechanics only. Appl
indian Spring DR.. and Wire ave-, silye
6pring. Nd. -41