davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Li|ientha| Reports US.
Is Improving A-Bomb
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, Feb. 5.-Chairman
David E. Lilienthal of the Atomic
Energy Commission said today this
country is improving" the atom
bomb
The threat exists, he said, that
atomic energy will be used for
destruction on a scale that has not
yet been disclosed"
Mr.. Lilienthal declared that the
principal and perhaps the only
solid hope" for preventing this is
for people everywhere to come to
understand the atomic world"
Mr.. Lilienthal said the bomb af-
feeted the lives of every person IN
the world "even before it had been
improved-and on top of mesa in
the mountains of New Mexico we
are improving It,"
He referred to the commission
laboratory at Los Alamos, N. Mex,
the commission semiannual report
to Congress Monday, said new de-
signs for atomic weapons are being
developed there.
Evening star., 1948-02-05
BuIoorio Seeks Death Penalty
For Petkov Aqrurion Party Aide

government step to eradicate the
vestiges of opposition and make
Bulgaria a one-party state.
One of the chief charges against
Mr.. Gichev was that he spread false
rumors that Bulgarian farm prod
ucts were being exported to the
Soviet Union without payment.
Mr.. Gichev has been held in jail
for several months since the Agarian
Party was outlawed by the govern
ment of Communist Premier Georgi
Dimitrov.
He was twice a cabinet minister
in prewar Bulgarian governments
and became an outstanding figure
in the Agrarian Party after the
death of Alexander Stamboliski.
Bulgarian police arrested him last
fall following the Petkov trial.
-Four other persons-not fully
identified - were indicted with
Gichev. A similar procedure was
followed when several persons were
indicted with Mr.. Petkov and tried
at the same time Their testimony
{See BULGARIA., Page A-4)
Evening star., 1948-02-05

limited District suffrage plan, DR.
Brownlow told the joint subcommit-
tee, is the method it proposes for le-
lieving Congress of the burden Of
the municipal Government detail
while still retaining ultimate con-
troll in Congress.
Congress could not and should
not give up the exclusive Legislative
control of the National Capital that
is vested in it by the Constitution, "
he said. But it could delegate
District activities so as to relieve
itself of much of the present bur-
den."
Called Model of Clarity.
He took the position that all
cities, large or small, ought to have
the right to run their own local
affairs. The people of the District
I0-. TYNRFr nTIT n ro~o 1l
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Nozi General Commits Suicide
Before War Crimes Trial Opens
BIoskowitz Leaps to
Death in Prison;
Is Others in Court
BY the Assoeiofed Press

NUREMBERG, Germany, Feb.
5.-Nazi Gen. Johannes Blasko-
witz leaped to his death today
shortly before he was to 60 on
trial with 13 other German mill
tary leaders for war crimes.
Blaskowitz, 64, was veteran of
the Polish and Russian invaSions
and later commanded Nazi forces in
the Netherlands. He broke away
from file of prisoners on the third
tier of the high catwalks surround
ing the prison rotunda.
AS guards watched helplessly, the
general clambered up seven-foot
wire fence and threw himself over
it, hurtling 80 feet to tile floor.
He died in the 385th United States
military hospital of fractured
chest and punctured lungs.
His colleagues were escorted into
the American court for the 18th and
last war crimes trial to be held In
Nuremberg. They are accused OF
rearming for war even before the
rise of Hitler.
Evening star., 1948-02-05
krug Is Told Protest
On Annex Injuries
Pan American Ties
Fine Arts Choirmon Asks
Withdrawal Of Objection
To New Building
By Nelson M. Shepard

Secretary of Interior Krug was
warned by the Fine Arts Com
mission today that nothing could
do more injury to harmonious
Latin American relationships
than his continued efforts to de-
lay construction of the Pan
American Union annex.
In a bluntly worded reply to the
Secretary's appeal to the commits
sioner for hely, Chairman Gilmore
D. Clarke urged the Secretary in
turn owithdraw his own objections
to the building, already delayed
nearly 20 years in construction.
The Fine Arts chairman took
sharp issue with Mr.. Krug over the
now-controversial building line or
Constitution avenue whcih the In.
terror Secretary claims the new an
mex building would violate.
Letter Is Quoted.
II cannot imagine anything which
would DO more to injure the har'
monious relations which now obtain
with our neighbors, the South
American republics, than at thl
late date to make any move which
would tend to delay the construc-
ton of the building which the Par
American Union has contemplated
since 1928, a period of almost II
years. Mr.. Clarke wrote.
ut has been most embarrassing
to the director of the Pan American
Union ever this long period OF time
because TO the obstructionist tactics
of your predecessor in office CHarole
IL. Ickes); who succeeded in holding
up the construction o fthis building
for several years, during a perioe
when it could have been construct
ed for a fraction of what 1t viii
cost to build today
Meanwhile it was learned the
director general of the Pan Amerl
can Union has forwarded a lette
to Secretary Krug which is under
:.
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Airline 10 Sue Union
OF Striking Pilots
By the Associated Press

MIAMI, Fla, Feb. 5.-Notlce OF
$5,00O,O00 damage suit was filed by
National Air Lines against the All
Line Pilots Association (AFL) today
following a pilots strike which
caused the company to suspend op-
erations.
The notice of the suit was filed In
the Dade County (MiamD Circuit
Court. The pilots association, headed
by David L. Behncke of Chicago, was
given until March to answer.
Alfred Mccarthy, National Air
Lines attorney, said:
This action is one for libel and
slander and is based on the unwar-
ranted charge by the union that this
company's aircraft were unsafe.
Mr.. Behncke was quoted from Chi
cago as describing the cause OF the
pilots walkout Tuesday night as
being in part due to concern over air
safety because mechanics had been
on strike for two weeks.
The ALPA chieftain also alleged
"notoriously poor pilot-management
relations"
All planes of the NAL system serv-
ing II States and Cuba have been
grounded since the pilot walkout,
A company spokesman said it had
offered, through the National Medi-
alton Board in Washington, to ne
gotiate a settlement.
]. C. Christie, one of three nego-
tiators for the Pilots Association
arrived here and said late last night
he had not received the negotiation
offer.
Mediation Board Chairman Frank
p. Douglas said in Washington he
was trying to get the striking en-
ployes back to work so formal steps
could be taken to end the dispute.
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Truman Challenged
By Republicans on
Budget Cut Comment
Tober and Bridges Reply
Sharply in Defense of
Their Pruning Efforts
By J. A. O'Leory

President Truman started a
quick exchange of verbal shots
with Republican leaders in Con-
gress today whal he described
yesterdays announcement of
another drive to cut his budget
as just so much conversation.
Its the kind of conversation he
don't like" retorted Chairman
Taber of the House Appropriations
Committee, member of the 20
man joint budget subcommittee
which voted yesterday to try to hold
1949 expenditures to a ceiling OF
$37 ,200, 100000.
If this goal is achieved, 1t would
mean a reduction of $2,500,00 ,00(
below the expenditure total of $780,.
TOO 100000 submitted by Mr.. Tru.
man last month. Anticipating that
the expenditure total will go vel
above $40, 600, 100000 as supplement
tai estimates are submitted, the
Republicans point out that holding
outgo to s37, 200, ,OOO, 900 may require
cutting $3,OO0,Oo0,O00 to $4,000 ,0oo,-
900 from the Presidents budget.
Cites Last Years Figures.
The President predicted at his
news conference this morning, how
ever, that the Republican efforts
will get exactly nowhere. and saic
the goal set by the joint subcom-
mittee yesterday was just so much
conversation.
Recalling last years economy
drive, the President said he askee
for $37,5OO, 100000 and Congress
wound up by allowing $37,700, ,00o, 900
This was promptly challenged b.
both Mr.. Taber and Chairman
Bridges of the Senate Appropria
tions Committee. They were jus
adjourning another meeting of theil
budget -slashing group when they
heard Mr.. Truman's comment.
Mr.. Taber claimed that last yeal
Congress cut $2,960,0oO,O00 from
Mr.. Truman's expenditure esti'
mates, and also recovered unspen
funds from Government depart
ments OF $1,4OO 100000 for tota
saving of nearly $4,400,000,0 900.
Senator Bridges reply to Mr.
(see BUDGET, Page A-5)
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Wright Leaves First Plane
10 English Museum
BY the Associoted Press

DAYTON, Ohio, Feb. 5.-Orville
Wright bequeathed the worlds first
successful airplane, the Kitty
Hawk" to the Science Museum at
Kensington, England, near London
where the plane now is on exhibition
The bequest was disclosed today
when Probate Judge Rodney M
Love admitted the inventors will
for probate.
Mr.. Wright, rs, died January 80
of lung congestion and heart con-
dition after collapsing in his labora-
tory January 81.
Other bequests included:
To the Board of Trustees Of Ober-
lin College, 100000 with interest
at 4 per cent annually.
To Miss Mabel Beck, his secretary,
s3, 600 a year for life.
To Carrie Brumbauch, his house
keeper. $4,000 a year for life.
Evening star., 1948-02-05
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, Feb. 5.-Com-
modify prices nosedived again
today for the second day in a
row.
The stock market, weak yesterday
resumed it's decline, but at slower
rate.
All grains on the Chicago Board
of Trade plunged the limit per-
mitted in a single session for the
second consecutive day today.
All future contracts of wheat were
off 10 cents, all corn and soybeans
off 8 cents and all oats off 6 cents a
bushel at noon central standard
time.
Brokers reported that offers tc
sell were piling up in the pits, COM
ing from all sections of the country
through commission houses. Buy
ing orders were few and far be-
tween, they said, and traders hung
around pits without making trans
actions.
May wheat was offered at $685.
a bushel, May corn was $2.315s, May
oats at $1.0634 and March soybeans
at 1910.
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Agriculture Aide Asks
Quick Action 10 Curb
Distinery Grain Use
Bronnun Sees Little Hope
Of HoIting Food Initiation
If Diversion Is Allowed

Assistant Secretary of Agricul-
ture Charles F. Brannan told
Congress today the administra-
ton cannot hope to control in
f1ation in food if it permits
scarce grains to be diverted to
"nonessential uses" such as the
manufacture Of whisky.
Urging speedy approval of legisla-
ton to reimpose control of grain
use by the distilling industry, Mr.
Brannan told joint Economic Sub
committee:
"If the distillers, who have shown
by and large, determined opposi-
ton to voluntary conservation, &C
on using grain without restriction
the entire conservation program will
certainly stand in jeopardy and is
likely to fall far short of our goal.
Secretary OF Agriculture Anderson
has just named Mr.. Brannan tc
head a Nationwide campaign fol-
self-rationing of food. To get il
started, Mr.. Anderson called an aft
ernoon meeting of 10 groups repre-
senting food producers, traders ano
consumers.
Mr.. Brannan argued that when
distillers buy grain it sets off a
chain running like this: Grain
prices tend to go up. That means
prices for meat, eggs, chickens and
milk are pushed up because cattle
and chickens eat grain.
He said the administration ought
to have power to ration grain ta
distillers through next October 81
as recommended by President Tru-
man. That would be rrtil after the
next harvests.
The industry has been free oi
control since Sunday as a result oi
failure of the House Banking Com
mittee to grant stopgap extension
of ALLEGATION powers through this
month.
Mr.. Brannan declared that the
paramount domestic problem" fac
ing the country today is to contro
the inflationary rise in food prices
particularly meat. Because feed Is
the source of a large part of oul
meat products, "the supply of feeo
determines how much of these fooo
products can come to our tables,
he said.
Adding to Imitation.
"The less food we have, the more
we must pay for what we eat" Mr.
Brannan asserted. The choice be-
fore us today is whether we car
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Wheeler Turns Down
With Regrets AFL
Offer Of Political Post
Couldn't Give Full Time
He Says; Is Willing
To Act as Consultunt
Ru Inmes Y Nawfnn
By james Y. Newton
Stor Sfoff Correspondent

MIAMI, Feb. @5.-Former Sena-
tor Burton K. Wheeler of Mon
tana today turned down with
regrets" the offer of the Amer
ican Federation of Labor to
make him director of its Politi-
cal Education League.
Mr.. Wheeler, in a joint news con-
ference with William Green, AFL
president, said that he was deeply
honored by the action of the execu-
tive council" in selecting him for the
post, but that he had asked to be
excused" because he would not be
able to devote full time to the job.
The former Senator and vice
presidential candidate on the La
Toilette Progressive ticket in 1924
offered to give the Aft any polit-
ical or legal advice it desired with
out compensation. Mr.. Green said
that Mr.. Wheeler would be re-
tained as consultant to Labor
League for Political Education.
Meany Only Other Candidate.
Mr.. Wheeler's rejection of the
political dictatorship left the AF'I
without a candidate for the job. Mr.
Green said the Administrative Com
mittee of the league will meet again
tonight in an effort to fill the post
George Meany, AFL secretary
treasurer, is now apparently the only
candidate in the field.
II have, with great reluctance
asked to be excused from further
consideration for this position" Mr.
Wheeler told reporters. Il could not
accept such an important assign
ment, in American politics without
giving it my undivided attention.
Cites His Law Practice.
MY private law practice Cir
Washington has grown to con-
siderable volume and I feel obligated
to devote most of my time to it
However, have volunteered to serve
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Home Rule Bill
Draft Is Praised
'ByDr. Brown|ow
Finch Suggests Few
Changes; ;;Connouehton
Supports Plan
By Don 5. Worren

DR.. Louis Brownlow, former
District Commissioner and vet
eran student of Government
organization, today joined with
citizen and suffrage leaders of
Washington in placing enthu-
siastic general support behind
the Districts city suffrage bill.
DR.. Brownlow, who served as city
manager for Petersburg, Va, and
Knoxville, Tenn, as we'll as director
of Federal Government reorganiza-
ton studies for former President
Roosevelt, complimented the Joint
Congressional Home Rule Subcom-
mittee on the "skillful craftsman
ship" of its home rule plan.
He was followed to the stand at
today's hearings by Wilbur S. Finch
chairman of the Suffrage Commit
tee of the Federation of Citizens
Associations, who suggested only a
limited number of changes in the
plan.
Connaughton Supports Bill.
The principal change recommend
ed by the Federation's spokesman
was that resident of the District
should not be eligible for election to
the city council or the Board of Ed
ucation unless he had not claimed
voting rights elsewhere for three
years.
Support for the bill also was voiced
by John H. Connaughton, president
of the Federation, who asked that
the charter bill be not "emasculated
by too many changes" and spokes-
men for the Central Suffrage Con-
ference, the Federation OF Civic As
sociations, and the District Leagte
of Women Voters. 81
One of the wisest provisions in the
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Truman Sees Crash Inevitable
Unless Price Spiral Is Checked;
Grains and Stocks Drop Again
Cites Steady Rise
Since His Plea for
Standby Controls
By Joseph A. Fox

President Truman warned to-
day that prices are rising so
alarmingly that a crash is in
evitable unless the upward spiral
is checked.
The Presidents declaration came
at a news conference at which he
pointed to a chart prepared by the
Budget Bureau which showed that
the prices of vital cost OF living
necessities, including food and
clothing, had steadily gone up since
his message to Congress on Novem-
ber IT asking for standby controls.
Asserting that the situation really
Is alarming, Mr.. Truman said he
believes that unless something is
done to halt the rising prices, the
situation will come to it's logical
conclusion and bring everything
down with a crash. And we don't
want that to happen, he empha-
sized.
Mr.. Truman's statement was
made after he had been asked II
he had planned any new appeal
to Congress which has ignored his
request for standby rationing and
price control legislation.
He responded that he is going
to continue to keep telling Congress
what the situation is, but he added
they know what is going on.
Asked About Controls.
The colloquy started when a re-
porter asked if he was still hopeful
that controls would be instituted
along the lines that he urged in
November and again in his State OF
the Union and economic messages.
Stressing that he still held the
same views as in November, when
Congress was called into special
session, the President said he
thought his news conference would
be interested in new table that ne
had Just received from the Budget
Bureau.
There against yellow background
were skyrocketing black lines that
Mr.. Truman said represented food,
clothing and other important items.
He called attention to the fact that
the chart itself had been enlarged
to show the top level reached by
booming costs. AS he displayed the
chart the President said, too, that
the reporters knew what had hap
pened to rents when controls were
weakened. IL
No Comment on Commodity Break.
The current rent control law ex-
pires February %, and the President
has asked that it be continued ana
strengthened.
Asked what he thought about
the break in the commodity mar
kets, Mr.. Truman said he hadn't
kept in close enough touch with 1t
to comment.
Commodity, stock and bond
prices dropped sharply and un-
expectedly in the Nations markets
yesterday and thestumble was con-
tinuing today. particularly IN the
grain and cotton markets.
Market men and economists gen
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Theaters, Restaurants
MAY Be Asked 10 Cut
Oil Use in Emergency
Voluntary Action Seen
Freeing Transport to
Garry Home Type Fuel

WARY FORECASTER sees chance
of more snow tomorrow Page B-1
FIFTEEN FROSTBITE cases set
hospital record here. Page B-1
TheaterS, restaurants and
other commercial buildings may
be asked to curtail use of No. S
and No. 6 bunker fuel oil so that
more No. 2 oil might be delivered
here for residential consumers,
it was learned today.
Such a consumption cut of heat
ing oil by various business establish
ments would be on a voluntary
basis, industry spokesmen said. The
possibility of such move has beer
under consideration and is likely Il
be discussed at a meeting of indus
try representatives with Fuel Oi
Co-ordinator j. Thomas Kennedy
arranged tentatively for late today
This development in the District
fuel oil shortage came as Mr.. Ken
nedy reported that the stockpile TO
relieving emergency requests ma
ruin dry by the end of this week
dealers do not provide more No.
oil. The Navy has notified him /
cannot lend any more fuel oil to tn
District, he said
Different Oil Used.
1t was explained that the type o.
fuel oil used in commercial estab.
lishments cannot be used in house
and apartment heating units. II
commercial establishments, particu-
larly places of amusement, agreed
to save oil by maintaining lower
temperatures, it is possible that some
facilities would be freed for increased
tanker and truck deliveries of No.
oil industry spokesmen said.
How great saving could be made
in bunker oil is problematical be-
cause that type of fuel is needed also
by hospitals and various other essen.
tial users, they added.
Unless major suppliers contribute
more to the stockpile. now below 49,
600 gallons, Mr.. Kennedy said, the
Districts emergency supply may bt
exhausted by Saturday. Mr.. Ken
nedy said he hoped to arrange an
other meeting with industry repre-
sentatives late this afternoon or to-
morrow to discuss the situation. .
The Navy Department notified
him he said,. that it cannot lene
the District any more oil in addition
to the $4,000 gallons already given
Oil industry representative sait
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Wheat and Corn Losses Ranqe
To7O-CentL Limit on Heavy Sales
Securities Issues Decline at Slower Rute;
Cotton Rallies After $3-o-Bue Slump

Moderate selling in the New York
Stock Exchange lowered prices a few
cents to around 81 a share.
Cotton at New York skiddeo
around So a bale, then rallied
slightly. Cottonseed oil dropped the
2-cent maximum, and lower prices
were posted for sugar and grease
wool.
Grain prices are the key to the
entire commodity price structure
according to widely held opinion
among economists and businessmen
A. w. Zelomek, editor and econo-
mist of the International StatiSti-
cal Bureau, private research Or
ganization, said today's break might
be the turning point in the long road
of imitation.
Prices are even more vulnerable
now than at the end of the first
World War. Mr.. zelomek declared
The most recent upward push, he
said, was based mainly on two
things: First, that this country
would give, lend or sell to the rest
of the world everything it asked
for: second, many so-called short.
ages are turning out to be non
existent.
Evening star., 1948-02-05
ey the Associoisd Press

JACKSON, Miss, Feb. 5.-Gov.
Fielding L. Wright today called a
Statewide meeting that could put
into action a revolt against the ma
tional Democrats.
He called for representatives OF
all precincts in Mississippi to attend
a meeting here on February IL. as
serting:
I'VE will take the leadership in
the South. We will mobilize for an
all-out fight.
And I am confident that this
militant leadership on the part OF
Mississippi, the most democratic
State in America, will spread like
wiIdfire across the entire south and
sweep before it all those who today
stand as enemies of our Institutions
and our way Of hfe." -
Evening star., 1948-02-05
|WhottheRussiuns
| Are Saying of Us

The MoscoD radio, broGdcGstins
in English to the United Kingdom,
said:
THE years go by and still the
heroic struggle of the Greek
people for democracy and in
dependence goes on. despite the
increasing intervention of the
Americans. Having cooked q
pretty kettle of fish in Greece,
the United States imperialists are
now prepared to go to all lengths
in order to hold their positions
and crush the democratic forces.
But the adventurist policy of
Wall Street in Greece has come
up against the will Of the Greek
people defending their inde-.
pendence with arms in hand"
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Hull Advised Roosevelt
To Build Up the Navy

In today's chapter of his
memoirs Cordell Hull reveals
that in January, 1885, he ad-
vised the President: We
should speed our efforts to-
ward possessing a Navy so
strong that no other country
will think seriously of attack
ing us; and we should let 1t be
clearly seen that . the peo-
pie of this country not only
are not to proud to fight, but,
given certain situations, would
be too proud not to tight"
fSee Pace A-15)
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Bulletin
Aid Hearing Ends

The Senate Foreign Rela-
tions Committee today con-
cIuded public hearings on the
European Recovery Program.
Chairman Vandenberg said
the committee will begin ex-
ecutive sessions Monday and
hopes to have legislation ready
for the Senate by February Is.
Earlier Story on Page Az.
Evening star., 1948-02-05
Mississippi Governor Calls
Meeting to Map Party Revolt

He issued the call just oeIore
leaving for Tallahassee, Fla, to at
tend a conference of Southern Gov
ernors. He said he plans at the
conference ito reveal his ideas with
reference to a South-wide organiza-
ton for the purpose of opposing the
South haters and politicians VINO
are trying SO desperately to star
the South in the back"
In his Inauguration address JAN
uary 20, Gov Wright called for a
Southern bolt from the national
Democratic Party unless party lead
ers refrained from pushing what
wright termed "anti-Southern" leg
islation.
Since then other Southern lead
ers have come out strongly against
fSae POLITICS Page A-4)