davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Lotrun-RomoIIoh Highway
Under Small Arms Fire

WITH THE TRANS JORDAN
LEGION IN PALESTINE. July II
(P.-The newly-occupied villages Of
Ell Burj and Bir Main put the La
trun-Ramallah highway under small
arms fire today.
The villages are approximately 1C
miles west Of Ramallah and five to
seven miles northeast OF Latrun
where the Trans-Jordanian Arab
Legion's artillery still menaces the
Jews lifeline highway between
Jerusalem and Tel Aviv.
TWO Jewish shells were reported to
have landed in the Ramallah area
last night. Ramallah is eight miles
north of Jerusalem.
Arab forces have fought their way
into Qula and Malu zeiria, within
one miles of the Jewish controlled
railway near Wilhelma, in the Lyd-
da area.
Late today, frontline Arab units
| still had not received news as tt
whether the Arab states had &C.
cepted the cease-five for all ol
Palestine.
Jewish and Arab front lines ir
Jerusalem for the duration of the
truce are to be discussed tomorrow
by representatives of the United
Nations, Hagana, the Trans-Jor.
danian Legion and the Egyptian
Army.
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Palestine
Continued From First Page

deliveries to the United States NAVY
and Western Europe.
Firing stopped in Jerusalem after
a tumultuous night of fighting
Guns thundered to the final second
before 4 am. deadline. The U. N
on Thursday night had given the
Arabs and Jews "a hours to end the
fighting.
Arabs Advance 500 Yards.
Before the artillery duel began
Arab troops smashed through the
Jewish front in the Mea Shearim
quarter and blasted forward fol-
500 yards in the direction Of mod
ern Jerusalem's heart, American
correspondents with the Arab lie.
gion reported.
During the night, the Jews un.
leashed repeated attacks against
the Damascus, Jaffa. Zion and New
Gates to the Old City. Arab LIE.
gion officers estimated 5000 Jewish
troops were engaged. Legion gun.
ners returned the fire until their
guns smoked with heat. The fight.
ing was so close that legion officers
Evening star., 1948-07-18
powers stopped running passenger

powers stopped running passenger
trains.
On the international highway the
Soviets installed a special inspec-
ton post 10 inspect all passes. Then
they refused to pass freight ship
ments leaving the city by rail or
auto.
The next step was to cut of all
freight shipments entirely. The ex-
cuse was that the Helmstedt rail
line needed repairs. The canals
leading to the city then were dis
covered to need repairs" Then
the highway was closed to all in
coming traffic by Soviet order.
Plane Inspection Rejected.
This left only air as a means to
feed Berlin's Western sector popu-
lation of 2,000, ,000-p plus. The So-
viets had tried to move against the
air corridors starting March IL of
this year. They proposed changes
which would have required each
plane entering the city to have So
NiCs h1opCCtt0Als liC WCSL EclQSCu
to accept this. =
Since then the Soviets have made
protests claiming flight
violations outside the corridors.
They have threatened to halt air
traffic, but to do so would require
shooting or forcing. down q Western
plane.
The Soviets are in the same diff
cult position in the air as the Allies
are on the ground. 1t requires
military act for the West to break
the land blockade and one by the
Soviets to halt the air bridge.
Either act might lead to war. The
Soyiets have shown no inclination
to make this final step.
If the Western Allies had nego.
tiated land occupation corridor to
Berlin the Soviets would have had
to use military force to achieve the
blockade they have installed.
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Hays Of Arkansas
Refuses 10 Bolt
BY the Assoeioted Press

Any new party formed by South
ern Democrats, Representative Hays,
Democrat of Arkansas said yester-
day, would hurt not only the South
but the country's political system as
we'll.
Mr. Hayes told reporter he hopes
that cool heads will counsel ale
glance to the two-party system. that
nothing will be done to establish a
parallel in America to the tragic
misfortunes of Italy and France
where radical and revolutionary
groups seized power as result OF
multiplication of political parties"
Mr. Hays said he will support the
Democratic nominees in the coming
election.
Meanwhile. another Democrat,
Representative Walter of Pennsyl-
vania asked boiling Southerners to
examine Thomas Jefferson's prin-
ciples before committing hara kiri. "
Mr.. Walter telegraphed Gov.
Wright of Mississippi that these
Southerners are hurting any future
programs to help the South.
Evening star., 1948-07-18
By Wes GolIdoher

SsSoSsutSu IssAfo5ef3H ~ofeSPoHoSuH
BERLIN, July 17.-In drawing
up the occupation zones of Ger
many the victorious powers un-
Willingly provided the incident
which threatens to bring a new
armed conflict.
The incident is Berlin. A war.
time diplomatic blunder left tn.
western occupation forces in thi.
time power city Isolated NOR.
than 100 miles behind the Soviet
Iron Curtain across Europe.
Authoritative sources who cannot
be named, but who have dealt with
the situation since early in the war
revealed today. how this blundel
came about. II. is in part an untole
story of the war.
The blunder has nothing to de
with the legal rights of the United
States, France and Britain to be ir
Berlin. These rights have beer
clearly established by numerou.
agreements.
1t has to do with the failure ts
negotiate a physical means Of get.
ting in and out Of the city.
Here is the history of Berlin ane
how it got into its present mess:
In 1914 the United States. Russis
and Britain created the European
Advisory Commission. 1t was as.
signed the task of working out
agreements on the occupation o.
Germany. The American member
was the late ambassador John Win.
ant, who shot himself to death las
November 3.
This commission negotiated tn.
present occupation areas of Ger.
many and Berlin in a three-powel
protocol September IL, 1914. 1t wa.
later amended in minor detail ir
November, 1914. At the Crimea con.
ference in February, 1s45. this agree
ment was confirmed and it was de.
cided to invite France to join in ths
occupation.
Prime Minister Stain agreed Il
the entry of France on the condi.
ton that Frances occupation ares
would not be taken out of any ter.
ritory assigned to the Soviet Union
The United States and Britain mad,
room for France by giving up par
OF their occupation areas in Western
Germany and Berlin.
The blunder in the European Ad
visory Commission diplomacy wa
that while it clearly established
rights of the Western powers to b,
in Berlin, it did not provide any wa!
for them to get in or out of the city
According to authoritative sources
this major blunder was spotted b.
State Department experts who urget
Mr.. Winant to negotiate corridor
from the Western zones to Berlil
which would belong indisputably t.
the West.
Feared to Imply Distrust.
Mr.. Winant is said to have refused
to do this on the ground that i
would imply distrust of the Soviet
and their intentions. He is furthe
quoted as saying that the Unitet
States was winning some Russian
confidence and he felt he wa
achieving some ground in the sam'
direction with the Soviet member
Ambassador Feodor Gusev. He fel
that any demand for such a cor
ridor would destroy this, mutual con.
| f1dence. ....
1t is reported that Mr.. Winan
appealed to President Roosevelt tt
have his view supported. This can
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Boy, II, Tries to Save
Sister, 9; Both Drown
BY the Asseeiatsd Press

WYTHEVILLE, Va, July ia
12-year-old boy and his 7-year- -olo
sister drowned near here yesterday
when the girl accidentally fell into
creek and her brother lost his
life in attempting to rescue her.
They were Herman Willard Coley
and his sister, Mary Lee Coley
children of Mrs. Eulah Coley.
Authorities said they were told
byl another brother, James, 8, that
he. Herman and Mary Lee were or
berry picking expedition when the
accident occurred.
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Crack Chinese Army
Reported in Taiyuan
by the Associo,sd Press

NANKING, July 1.-THE Official
Central Daily News said today that
a crack government army" NOV
ing under air cover, had Joined the
Taiyuan garrison 20 miles south Of
that Shansi provincial capital.
(This contrasted with a sweep
ing victory claim broadcast by
the Chinese Communist radio. 1t
said more than 10 divisions of
government troops had been AN
initiated" in the Red offensive in
Shansi since June IA, the last
three of them on Friday 20 miles y
southeast of Taiyuan. If at full
strength. 10 divisions would total
more than 100000 men.
tThe Communist broadcasts.
heard in San Francisco by the
Associated Press. asserted that
Taiyuan was surrounded and War
Lord Yen His-shan had only two
divisions and a brigade left for
its defense)
The Central Daily News report
gave no details on the Shansi fight
ing, but other government sources
contended the situation of Taiyuan
was not as critical as had been
feared.
The other principal war report
came from the governments Peiping
headquarters, which said a battle
against $4,000 Communists was in
progress from 13 to 80 miles SOUTH
west of Peiping.
1t said 1000 Communists had been
scattered from Changhsintien, l3
miles southwest, but acknowledged
that the enemy had captured several
strongpoints as far as Tafangshan,
80 miles from Peiping.
Displaced persons from Europe
are expected to settle in the Falk-
lands.
Evening star., 1948-07-18
u. n. Officials Expect
Reply by Arabs Soon
To Cease-Fire Order
BY the Assoeioted Press

LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y, July IT.
An Arab reply to the new United
Nations cease-flre order is expected
soon by U. N. officials.
BY early evening, however, there
still was no word whether the Arabs
would accept or reject the Security
Councils edict which becomes effec-
tive at IL am. (EDT) tomorrow.
The government of Israel accepted
the cease-fire yesterday.
Some officials were optimistic dur
ing the day because both Arabs and
Jews had accepted a. cease-flre for
Jerusalem. Others cautioned against
using this as a barometer to deter
mine what the Arabs would do in
the rest of Palestine.
As the deadline approached, Arab
leaders here were as much in the
dark as every one else. They refused
to speculate as to what the Arabs
reply would be.
Some delegates were not as opti-
mistic as Count Folke Bernadotte,
u. N. mediator. who left by plane
this morning for his Middle East
headquarters.
Count Bernadotte told newsmen
he hoped the cease fire order would
lead to permanent peace in the Holy
Land. He said a basis for a solu-
ton might be found before the Gen.
eral Assembly meets in Paris Sep
tember 81.
Before leaving. Count Bernadotte
formally asked the United States,
France and Belgium to provide him
with 300 military observers to super
wise the proposed truce. He asked
the United States and France to
supply 125 each and Belgium to pro-
vide so.
Count Bernadotte also indicated
he wanted $50 armed guards from
the United States, France and Bel
gium as soon as possible as the be-
ginning Of an international police
force for Jerusalem. He has made
no formal request for these, however,
U.N, officials said.
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Berlin Crisis Laid to Refusal
OF fWinont to Demand Corridor
Lote Envoy Feared to Imply Distrust Of
Soviet When Relations Were Improving

mot be confirmed, but at any rate
no formal American demand was
made for such corridor.
If a Western land corridor had
been negotiated on the basis that
it was to be part Of the occupation
territory. the present blockade of
Berlin probably would not have
arisen. 1t would have required
Soviet military action to cut the
corridor.
When the war ended, the Soviets
refused at first to allow the West
ern powers to come to Berlin. The
first Western power troops were al
lowed in for the Potsdam confer
ence. At this conference. Presi-
dent Truman affirmed the right of
free access to the city in a message
to Mr.. Stain.
Agreement Worked Out.
1t was finally agreed by the So
viets that such access should be
granted, on condition that Ameri-
can and British troops on the Elbe
River withdraw to their original
occupation areas, turning over the
captured territory to the Soviet
army.
Gen. Lucius D. Clay, with the
British and Russian representatives,
worked out an agreement for the
withdrawal of the American and
British troops from the Elbe and
for the free and unrestricted use of
the main highway from the West
ern zones to Berlin by the Western
powers.
This agreement was signed in
minutes of the meeting by the three
commanders. While the Western
powers had the right to use the
highway, 1t remained in Soviet
hands.
In September, 1945, the four
power transport directorate in Ber-
lin reached an agreement whereby
l6 Allied trains would be allowed
into the city daily from the west
on the Helmstedt-Berlin rail line.
This later was expanded to 20.
Air Corridors Established.
On November 30, 1945, the Allied
Control Council composed of the
United States. Russia, Britain and
France agreed to establish air cor
ridors to Berlin. These were air
highways" 20 miles wide running
from the west to Berlin through
which Western planes could move
freely. There are three. One runs
from Frankfurt to Berlin, another
from Buckenburg to Berlin and the
third from Hamburg to Berlin. Wes-
tern planes were supposed to keep
within these corridors.
These were the agreements.
Even lacking a land corridor. #
we made these agreements with any
other power except Russia we would
not have the slightest difficulty in
carry them out" one top American
diplomat said. Most any agreement
Is worthless if one party is deter
mined not to carry it out"
When the Soviets decided to hold
Berlin hostage to achieve their aims
in Germany, the squeeze on the city
began.
Right Of Inspection Demanded.
In March of this year the Sow
lets demanded the right to inspect
American, British and French mill
tary trains carrying passengers to
and from Berlin. The Western pow
ers refused to allow this infringement
on sovereignty. The Russians re-
fused to let the trains pass without
inspection.
Faced with the prospect of fight
ing their way through, the Western
Evening star., 1948-07-18

climbed to the tops of the walls and
emptied their revolvers at charging
Jews.
Automatic weapons hammered un-
ceasingly for 10 straight hours. Be-
hind them mortar shells thundered
and roared at one-second intervals
all night. There were about SO
craters in the wide courtyard around
the historic mosque of Omar-Is-
lanl's third hottest place from which
Mohammed is said to have ascended
to heaven on white horse.
With the dawn came the cease
fire. For hours afterward not a
shot was heard.
Arab Fight Outside Nazareth.
Meanwhile, holdout Arab forces
continued fighting in the hill posi-
tions outside Nazareth. Jewish
forces announced capture of the
tiny town in the mountains of
Galilee yesterday. A dispatch today
said Nazareth-tholy to Christendom
the world over-ShowS no signs of
war destruction.
In Jerusalem, leader of Irgun
Zvai Leumi declared that If the
Holy City becomes an international
city as a result of the U. N. truce
plan, it will mean "the Jews have
won the fight but lost the war"
This leader said Irgun-now oper-
ating as military force only in
Jerusalem-willn never agree ito in
standardization of the traditional
capital of the Jews" He declared:
I'VE shall, If necessary, return to
underground operations to bring
about the judeaflcation Of Jerusa-
lem"
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Robert E. Harvey to Speak

Robert E. Harvey. sales manager
Of National Analysts, Inc. will ad-
dress luncheon meeting of the
American Public Relations Associ-
alton at 1915 pm. tomorrow in the
Hotel Lafayette. Mr.. Harvey will
speak on Market Research in Pub
lie Relations"
Evening star., 1948-07-18

gressive and outspoken champion
of Government employees.
At one of his appearances before
the Senate Appropriations Commit
tee, Mr.. Virgins told the Senators
that he resented the incessant at
tacks that some members of Con-
gress keep making on Federal en-
ployes. Mr.. Virgins staunchly de-
Tended the record Of Government
workers as a group and said ire
sponsible attacks were preventing
other top-flight people from taking
important jobs in the Government.
When he took the Treasury job,
Mr.. Virgins let it be known that
it would be for a limited time. Now
that he is returning to the business
world, he takes with him the friend
ship and admiration of his CO.
workers in the Federal service.
CAPITAL ROUNDUP-The Civil
Service Commission announces that
80 persons In Is different Federal
departments and agencies have
been nominated to participate in
the commissions semiannual Ad-
ministrative Inferno Program
which trains employees for future
executive jobs in the Government
The names Of the 30 successful can
didates will be announced at the
end of the month. :. . As predicted
here on Friday, Congress will not
take action during the special ses-
sion of Congress on revisions OF
the Federal pay structure. House
and Senate Civil Service Commit
tee members say the study being
made On Classification Act charges
cannot be completed before next
January. Exams soon will be
announced for Office appliance re-
pairmen jobs and medical officer
positions in the Government.
Federal employees will get time of
tomorrow to view the funeral pro-
cession honoring Gen. Pershing. The
time of will not be charged to
annual leave.
Evening star., 1948-07-18

eminent JODS TO
make use Of
their hve-point
preference priv
ilege.. After that
all other veter-
ans Sc e ki n 6
r e d eral en-
ploynent would
be on their own.
These officials
would not take
away veterans
D r e I ere n c e
rights from To-
point disabled
veterans, W h o
would alWaVS
Evening star., 1948-07-18
The Federal Spotlight
The Federal Spotlight
Veterans Preference Attacked
Within Government Agencies
By Joseph Young

behind battle is going in the Government
over the issue of veterans preference in Federal jobs
number of personnel officials Federal agencies
veterans preference ended within the insofar
applying for Government They contend that
preference hurts the merit system and the Governments
chance to obtain the best possible choices all Jobs
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Truman Gives Hershey
His Old Job As Head
Of SeIective Service
By ihs As.oe;a,edpr.,. A

Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey
got his old job back yesterday.
He's director of Selective Service
again.
Gen. Hershey's formal reappoint-
ment by President Truman was an
other step toward national prepared
ness as unrest in Europe continued.
The task Of assembling manpower
is one with which Gen. Hershey is
highly familiar. =
He first was appointed director of
Selective Service in l941 and was
responsible for setting up the or
ganlzation under which 10000 600
men eventually were supplied the
armed forces, and under which &c.
100000 men were registered and clas-
sifled for military service.
New Job Outlined.
This time Gen Hershey's prime
job Is the registration of youths 1s
through rs under the new peace
time draft act.
An executive order dealing with
registration will be issued by Presi-
dent Truman this week, the White
House announced.
The order in which various age
groups will be called among those
eligible for service under the draft
has not yet been disclosed.
Registration of males from 1s
through Is Is expected to begin about
August 16.
Only those between the ages of
10 and IS will be subject to the draft.
Meanwhile, 16l 900 of the 18-year-
old group can volunteer for a special
one-year term Of duty in the armed
forces.
Enlistment Begins Wednesday.
The Army, Navy and Air Force
will begin accepting enlistments
from ID year olds beginning Wednes-
day.
Enlistment of the 18-year-old VOL
unteers will be conducted by regular
recruiting officers of each branch
of the Department of Defense.
Qualified applicants will be ac-
cepted in the order In which they
apply for enlistment, the armed
services said.
During the four weeks beginning
Wednesday. the Army will take in
about 10000 volunteers; the Navy,
including the Marines, about 5000,
and the Air Force 1900.
No applicant will be rejected
should he reach his 10Th birthday
before his application has been COM
pletely processed. provided 1t was
made by him before that date, the
Defense Department said.
Will Train In U. S.
The 18-year r-olds will spend their
one-year hitch within the continent
tai limits of the United States.
After they get out they must
spend an extended period in the re-
serves.
This can involve either four years
in an organized unit with regular
drill and training periods, six years
in an in active unit or participation
in an officer training program.
II assigned to an inactive reserve
unit, the youth will be liable to re-
call to active duty for not more than
one month in any year, except in
case Of an emergency declared by
Congress.
Although draft registration is
scheduled for mid-August, actual
induction of men into the armed
forces cannot begin before Septem-
ber "a. This was specified by Gen.
s--@ -ls-s
Evening star., 1948-07-18
.Weuther Report

District Of Columbia - Today,
mostly sunny, hot and humid with
an afternoon or evening thunder
showers likely. Highest tempera-
ture about 80 degrees. Tomorrow
fair and not 50 warm.
Virginia and Maryland-Todsy
hot and humid with q few scattered
thundershower in afternoon or
evening. Tomorrow. far and not so
warm.
River Report.
From United States Eneineers)
Potomac River clear at Harpers Ferry
and at Great Falls; Shenandoah clear at
Harpers Ferry.
,HiEh and Low for Yesterday.
High, SS, at $50 pm.
Low, 70. at :35 am
Record Temperatures This Year.
HIGHEST, 95. on June "a.
Lowest, 5, on January %.
Tide Tables.
Furnished by United States Coast and
Evening star., 1948-07-18

The services, meanwhile, are pre-
pairing various campsites and train
ing areas for the men, and selective
service is completing the organiza-
ton Of about 1000 draft boards to
handle the new peacetime Job.
Evening star., 1948-07-18

(Be sure to listen at 3:15 pm.
today oper WMAL, The Star sta
tton, for Joseph Youno's broad
cast Uersion OF the Federal Spot
light, featuring additional neDs
OF Government affairs and per-
Sondlities,)
Evening star., 1948-07-18

Automobile lights must be turned on
one-haf hour after sunset
Monthly precipitation In inches In the
Capital (current month to date):
Evening star., 1948-07-18

fiIeSe oi1lCIdIS dIgue IIldI llNe
limit-say, 1850 or 1951-would
give ample opportunity to all vet
Grams who would like to get Gov-
Evening star., 1948-11-21

4. Feminine trimmings include
narrow edges of net or lace or en-
broidery.
Strapless styles are must in the
up-to-date chicks bra wardrobe.
Last summers sun-top dresses
proved the Importance of the strap
less bra. The smart teen will choose
one with feather" boning and elias
ticized insets for top performance.
Little tabs on a few styles make
them easy to pin and anchor to
dress or they may be designed to
wear with slip.
The fashion conscious teen-ager
will match bras to slips and girdles.
She will make it a rule to wear white
under a white blouse and if she
doesn't have one fresh and clean,
She will change her mind about the
blouse and wear something else.
Directions for laundering a bra
should be followed to the letter and
a hot iron should never hover over
elasticized portions Of a garment.
When bras are freshly laundered
and ironed they should be folded in
four and tucked away in a drawer.
A girl may like to add. favorite
sachet or bit of cotton with drop
of cologne or perfume.
There Is know-how in putting on
a bra ano this is the approved pro-
cedure: Slide straps over shoulders;
bend forward from waist to get
proper fit and fasten. Give elastic
at back a tug downward to make
bra lie smoothly. Hold base of bra
a front so it does not ride up. Last,
adjust straps. From there on it's
shoulders back and head high.
It's nice to know the difference
between a bra and bandeau. Bra
extends below bust, giving greater
anchorage. The bandeau is mar
row garment composed mainly of
bust sections, although there may be
a narrow band or bit of elastic at
front to anchor garment more COM
fortably. Average bra ownership of
girls from Is years up is two bras
sieres each. They say 100 per cent
of college girls wear bras and this
may prove they are all smart about
figures anyway.