davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-05-09

the hands OF the Hebrew, and dam
gerous weapon might thus be
placed at the disposal of the anti
semitic forces in this country. This
would also be true If American sol-
diers were killed by Arabs: 1t would
be construed that they died defend
ing the Jews
Senator. Chavez called for an in
vestigation of present United States
policy in the Middle East, saying it
appears that State Department Of
ficials have participated in some of
the consultations where the invasion
of Palestine by the Arab League was
being planned"
I'VE cannot tolerate situation In
which our own public servants &C
lively or by default contribute to the
fomenting of disorder and trouble,
and then ask the American people
to send our Army to quell these dis
orders"
He also called for the end of Amer
ica's arms embargo.
Representative Dingell, Democrat,
of Michigan, also addressed the
luncheon.
Written Opinion Asked.
Publicity for the conference has
included list of more than 100
sponsors and participants. It was
explained, however, the list had been
pruned to a working" group. be-
cause of the size and cost of the
enterprise, Those UNLIMITED" were
asked to contribute their opinions
In writing.
Those attending the session yes
| terday included Mr.. Biddle, Drs
David Haber and Fowler v. Harper
of Yale University, DR.. Alvin john
son of the New School of Social Re-
search; Drs. n. C. Lancaster and
Owen baltimore of Johns Hopkins
University; Marshall McDuffie, at
torney.
Also Col. S. L. A. Marshall, mill
tary historian for the European
theater and chief editorial writer
of the Detroit News; DR.. Malcolm
Moos, Johns Hopkins; Harry Louis
| Selden, former editor of the Lit
erary Digest; DR.. Edmund Silberner
Princeton University; Charming H
Tobias of the Young Mems Christian
Association. and William Silk Was
serman, a former lend-lease official
Members of Congress who are
said to have signified their inten-
ton of attending the proceedings
include Senators Capehart and
johnson, and Representatives Eber-
harter, Fallon, Bakewell, Dirksen
McDonough, Granger, Hagen, Hand
Heffernan, Keating, Holifield and
Blatnik.
Evening star., 1948-05-09

ference ended after 6 pm, Mr.. Steel
man issued the following statement:
so far it has been impossible to
bring the parties to an agreement.
We are going to try again tomor-
row. I have asked both sides to
think over the matter tonight and
discuss it with their people"
New Conferences Planned.
Mr.. Stselman told the railroad
representatives to come back at 10
am. today. These are Mr.. Farley.
Daniel P. Loomis, H. A. Enochs and
C. D. Mackey, the last three heads
of the rail bargaining conferences.
He instructed the three union
heads to stand by for later con-
ference call, which probably will
come about 1890 am.
Mr.. Steelman met with the four
carrier representatives for two hours
yesterday morning. He asked them
back at 2:30 pm. and called in the
three union heads IS minutes earlier.
Shortly after both sides were in
separate White House rooms, the
assistant to the President arranged
joint conference. 1t lasted three
hours The. railroad men then left
and the union men remained for
another separate talk with Mr..
Steelman.
Mr.. Farley revealed that Mr..
Steelman had not asked the rail-
roads to go beyond the recon-
mendations of the Presidents fact
finding board, made March q.
Sunday Overtime Sought.
Three of the important rule
changes demanded by the unions
are overtime or e-and- half
pay for Sunday and holiday work,
pay for time the men spend in
terminals before the trains depart.
and pay for any delay, including
the picking up of extra cars, along
the way. The men now are paid
by the trip or eight-hour' day basis.
The fact-finding board recon-
mended pay for delays in terminals
after one hour.
= Some time after the White House
conferences, Mr.. Farley issued the
following statement:
"If there's Nationwide strike,
the responsibility for that catas-
trophe will rest squarely on the
shoulders of the leaders of the three
unions representing only 10 per cent
of the railway employees who refuse
to follow the recommendations of
the Presidents board-recommenda-
tions which have been followed by
the other 80 per cent of the indus
try"
Earlier in the day, House Speaker
Martin told reporters he does not
believe there will be a strike. He
added the belief that the strike will
be settled before the deadline, but
he refused to say whether the pre-
diction was based on inside informa-
tiOn.
Evening star., 1948-05-09
Burroughs School to Hold
PhysicuI Tests Tuesday

The John Burroughs Parent
Teacher Association will hold its
summer roundup at $50 am. Tues
day, when preschool children will
receive physical examinations at the
school. Eighteenth and Monroe
streets NE.
The free physical checkup is for
children who will enter school for
the first time either in September
or February. Mrs. Robert Camp
bell, PTA health chairman, said
parents should bring children's
birth, vaccination and inoculation
certificates. For further information
she may be reached at Hobart 4l60.
Evening star., 1948-05-09

Mrs. StauZy King, 50. will receive
the customary gifts and cards from
her five children and 13 grand
children this Mothers Day. Most
of the progeny will be with her at
dinner in her white shingled house
off the main thoroughfare in Rock
vile, Md.
But the score of children to whom
she has been a foster mother for
many years won't be there with
gifts and greetings. Few of them
will ever know the part she played
in their lives.
Mrs. King is "a professional
mother of infants. AS foster
parent registered with the Children's
Protective Association here since
1914, she has cared for more than
20 newborn babies brought to her
out of hospitals and maternity
homes.
Without the mothers care, love
and security she gives the infants
an agency spokesman said, they
would not thrive.
Before becoming a professional
mother, Mrs. King was entrusted
with small neighborhood children
for hours, sometimes days, when
their parents had to leave on trips
on business.
Maid With Her % Years.
Dorothy, her colored maid, came
to her % years ago from the Rock
vile Welfare Department, which had
learned the eight-year- -old was be-
ing mistreated by her parents.
Two of Mrs. Kings former wards
are alive today because of Dorothy
During the height of a blizzard one
night in February, 1947, fire broke
out in the second floor of Mrs
Kings home. Before it worked its
way down to the first floor nursery
where two sleeping infants might
have died, Dorothy had them in her
arms and out of the house.
| Barefoot. she carried them, un-
harmed, through the snow to a
neighbors home The entire interior
of Mrs. Kings home burned.
$50 Dorothy's almost a foster
priations are in the jurisdiction OF
different groups.
The result is that one hand
doesn't know what the other is
doing. The entire problem of Dis
trict legislation should be put into
the hands of one joint committee. u
The tax hearings will be con-
Quoted by Mr.. Bates and Senator
Cain, Republican, of Washington
who heads the Fiscal Subcommittee
of the Senate District Committee
While Senator Cain has sponsored
a bill for sales tax here, Mr. Bates
has been opposed to such measure,
except as a last resort"
Bates Undecided.
Mr. Bates said last night he had
been "a vigorous opponent" of sales
taxes for quarter of century.
But in view of the peculiar and
pressing District financial problems
he added he was undecided on the
present issue.
Mr.. Bates, however said he found
it obvious that substantial addi-
tional revenues" must be found for
city operations. He noted that the
District appropriations had in
oroocod Frop, Gao mn no0 in 1927 70
more than $10l 100000 for next
year.
In consideration of new or IN
creased taxes. he said, Congress
should make sure that every posi-
bility was reviewed and that there
be no excessive load" on any Sec
ton of the taxpayers.
Evening star., 1948-05-09
favor partition of the Holy

Zionists favor partition of the Holy
| land.
In an address opening the discus
sion yesterday, Senator Morse hit
back at critics of the meeting.
Il must say it is extremely graft
flying to note that we have not
been attacked from one side, but
from both Sides" he said. "We
have been charged with being ad-
vocates of the American League fol
Free Palestine We are not.
We are only searchers after facts
and we think this conference should
develop some helpful views which
will aid public thinking on Pales-
tine"
Throughout the Middle East, Sen
ator Morse said, the force of west
ern enlightened free enterprise and
democracy" is struggling against the
forces of "colonialism, imperialism
and feudalisrn." The conference is
to. decide with which force America
should side, the Senator indicated.
Refers to Gillette.
Senator Tobey said he had agreed
to sponsor the enterprise at the re-
quest of. former Senator Guy M. Gill
lette, chairman of the League for a
Free Palestine. He said he under
stood it was to be an open discus
sion Of the Palestine issue, with
differing views represented.
I'm not going to be able to at
tend the working sessions" Senator
Tobey said. "All I'm supposed to do
as I understand it, is to make
speech at the end"
With the exception Of public
dinner tonight, at which confer
ence resolutions are to be an
nounced, deliberations Of the con-
ferees took place behind closed
doors yesterday Other closed or
working" meetings are scheduled
today.
Some conferees yesterday were
surprised to learn they were sup
posed to be under the Leagues in
fluence. Former Attorney General
Francis Biddle said he had not
heard of the League before COM
ing to the meeting.
Documents Prepared.
Each delegate had a kit OF
background research" material
prepared by the League. The docu-
ments in them seemed critical OF
State Department policies, the "c.l
interests" and British imperial
ISM" The conclusion in one of the
papers was that America should
build Palestine as democratic
"bridgehead" in the Middle East.
This note was echoed at a
luncheon meeting yesterday by
Senator Chavez. In a prepared
address, he critized the State De-
partment, opposed the sending OF
American troops to Palestine, and
charged that King Abdullah Of
Trans Jordan, whose armies new
are threatening to invade the Holy
Land, is acting on orders from Lon
don.
1t is doubtful that United States
forces could restore peace to the
Holy Land, Senator Chavez said.
1T is matter of history that
Great Britain could not stif1e the
struggle for Hebrew liberation MOI
he flow of the Hebrew displaced
persons into Palestine. The Hebrew
people give every evidence of moi
accepting a stalemate created by
the presence of occupation forces
whether they be British, American
or, any other.
American soldiers could die al
Evening star., 1948-05-09
FosterMother of Score of Babies
Recalls Them on Mothers Day

mother in her own right" Mrs. King
declares.
Rearing her own four sons and a
daughter, and, later, caring for their
children, became SO much Mrs.
Kings life that when they were
grown she felt lost" she recalls.
When friend told her of the
Children's Protective Association
and suggested setting up a nursery
in her home for infants entrusted
to her by the agency, she went
ahead.
A Typical Pair.
A reporter and photographer found
Mrs. King and Dorothy with typ
ical pair of their little wards the
other day. Each three months old,
"Wendy" and "Suzy" weressnuggled
in pink robes, fresh from their maps.
Both are children of unwed mothers
and will remain with her for few
months until adopted or returned
to their own mothers.
Tt almost kills me to lose each
one of thena." Mrs. King declared.
But it always makes me happy to
know they're going into nice homes. "
Payment for board-$45 a month
clothing and medical care for the
infant comes from the agency, but
when the need arises for the third
item, Mrs King admitted, Il usually
use my own common sense"
I've had problem babies" she
went on. "One little child was
brought to me really almost dead. I
fed and nursed her with a large
medicine dropper and brought her
to life. Now she's we'll, and has a
beautiful home, right in Washing
ton"
24-HOur Job.
Mrs. King, whose husband is a
carpenter, has a 24-hour job. Her
children do not go to school. They
do not go out to play: She must
be constantly on call to care for
them. She must feed them the. last
thing at night, first in the morning
Often she must get up at night with
them. She must bathe them, dress
them, prepare formulas, change
them, wash diapers, and all the
things a tiny infant requires.
Evening star., 1948-05-09
D. c. Legislation
Continued From First PageD

tCOntinued From First PageD
gets are handled by different groups
serving as subcommittee of the
Fouse and Senate Appropriations
Committees. This means that reve-
nues and programs authorizing city
expenditures are handled by one
group of committees while appro-
Evening star., 1948-05-09
Railroads
Continued From First Page.)

was accepted by the other rail
unoins, representing nearly 80 per
cent of total carrier employment.
Railroads Renew Offer.
Representatives of the railroads
renewed the offer to give the 1512-
cent increase as well as some
changes in work or operating rules
that would benefit the workers
Evening star., 1948-05-09
Hard dof Hearing

In your every waking hour
whether spent at home in
happy companionship with
loved ones, in meeting friends.
or at work-you want full ap-
probation Of each pleasant
moment.
Western Electrie's New Model
65 offers you exceptionally fine
hearing-plus wearability In an
instrument that weighs but six
ounces. It's a small, economical,
curved to the body. single unit.
Mail attached coupon for more
details OF Model IS. You'll also
receive free the fascinating and
informative booklet. Modern
Science and your Hearing.
Evening star., 1948-05-09


slightly, also recommended by the
Presidents board. w. T. Farley,
president of the Association of
American Railroads, said that's our
final offer"
But, the three unions which have
demanded a minimum increase OF
SO per Gay, plus Is changes IN
operating rules; were quick to re-
ject the offer again.
That's no settlement" COM
mented Alvanley Johnston. head of
the Brotherhood of Locomotive
Engineers. "As far as we're con-
cerned, the strike will go on"
The other two union heads, David
B. Robertson of the Firemen and
Enginemen and A. J. Glover, jr., of
the Switchmen, echoed it,
Rule Changes May Effect Peace.
Mr.. Johnston was involved in tie
two-day rail strike two years ago.
President Truman ended it after
asking Congress for authority to
draft rail workers into the Army.
The settlement at the time provided
for a years moratorium on operat-
ing rule changes, and the unions
now want them.
1t is within the structure OF the
rule change, demands and the emer-
gency board findings that rests any
hope the Government has OF head
ing off the strike short of seizure.
The rules are complicated regula-
tions prescribing, among other
things, the hours, pay computation
and operating procedures of rail-
way labor
Federal officials insisted, however,
that there was very little room for
compromise on the boards recon-
mendations concerning the rules. In
couple of instances, the board did
recommend further negotiations
But, it was said the disputants would
not talk about them.
When the final White House con-
Evening star., 1948-03-25
Affirms Loyalty of Negroes

To the Editor of The Star
An article headed Negroes Are Reluctant to
Fight Unless Aims Are Met, Truman Told"
appeared in the March % issue of The Star.
The article was credited to A. Philip Randolph,
Negro, president of the Brotherhood of Sleep
ing Car Porters, leader of the Communist
infiltrated, If not dominated, March on Wash
ington Movement and the National Council
for Permanent FEPC, wartime pressure
group.
wish, however, to point out that Mr.. Ran
dolph does not hold the position of spokesman
for the American Negro; and as Negro who
served in the Army during the last war, say
that I highly resent any statement by Mr.
Randolph which implies the future dislcyalty
of the Negroes. should another war occur.
To fight for the just rights of Negroes is one
thing, but to bargain for those just rights with
derogatory threats of dishonor and disloyalty
Is prejudicial to favorable public sentiment
as we'll as the best interests Of those who may
be called to serve in the event of another
war. RESERVE.
Evening star., 1948-03-25
Loyalty Program for ERP

Although the objective sought is not
open to criticism, loyalty investigation
provision In the House version of the
foreign aid bill might operate indirectly
to delay or impede administration of the
urgent European Recovery Program.
Under the Senate-approved bill, all over
seas ERP personnel would be checked on
by the Federal Bureau of Investigation
"as soon as possible" Pending compile
tion of the FBI investigation, employees
cleared by the Secretary of State or the
administrator of the program would be
permitted to work on a temporary and
conditional basis. If the FBI inquiry SUBJ
sequently should reveal that an employe
were a Communist or otherwise untrust-
worthy he would be subject to immediate
dismissal.
AS the measure was reported to the
however, the language was changed so
as to prohibit the employment, even on a
conditional basis, of any one prior to an
FB1 investigation as to his loyalty and
security" Temporary employment for six
months of civil service employees already on
the Federal payroll would be permitted,
however, pending complete FBI checkup.
The effect of the House changes would
be to prevent Secretary Marshall or the
ERP administrator from securing the I'M
mediate services Of number of outside
businessmen and other experts needed to
Evening star., 1948-03-25
Red Pattern in Asia

The spotlight of public interest is
focused on Communist aggression in
Europe and the Near East. But to ap-
preciate the full sweep of the Red tide
one should not overlook Communist activi-
ties in other parts of the world. Recent
information throws fuller light on such
activities in the vast reaches of the Middle
and Far East. And these disclosures show
that there, as elsewhere, Communist
strategy and tactics are integral parts
of the Red plan for world dominion, CO.
ordinated from Moscow.
1t was long moot point as to how far
the various radical movements in Eastern
Asia were genuinely Communist and how
far they represented clever Communist
assistance to movements primarily nation
alist and reformist in character. The
weight of evidence tends to show in
creasingly that, whatever those movements
may originally have been, they are now
effectively under Communist control and
direction. This is true of the Chinese
Communists, and virtually the same is
true of the other Asiatic Communist
parties, from India to Indonesia.
in Asia is identical with that in other
parts of the world. Overall direction
appears to come from the Eastern Po-
litical Department" in Moscow, stated by
veteran Communists from all Asiatic
lands. A string of local subcenters extends
from Vladivostok. Russia's window on the
Pacific, through Communist dominated
Manchuria, down through Southeast Asia
to Indonesia, where Communist influence
is still strong despite the betterment of
relations between the Indonesians and
the Dutch.
Contact and direction are maintained
through various channels, some clandestine
and some fairly open. Soviet ships touch
ing regularly at Asiatic ports carry agents
and instructions. The representatives Of
Evening star., 1948-03-25

Tass, official Soviet news agency, are other
links in the Red chain. OF growing i'm
portance in the pattern are the Soviet
embassies which are opening with the
establishment of diplomatic relations be-
tween Asiatic countries like Siam and
Burma. Lastly, there is the familiar
connection of front" organizations such
as labor unions under Communist leader
ship, the World Federation of Democratic
Youth and student bodies.
Last September there was launched at
Bangkok, the capital of Siam, South
east Asian League" which proclaimed as
its objective the independence Of the
Southeast Asiatic peoples. attained by
Southeast Asia Federation. The propa-
ganda emitted by this obviously Communist
organization combines appeals to local
nationalisms with hostility to western
imperialism" and "colonialism." This
antiwestern agitation breaches racial
hatred against the west closely parallel
to the prewar and wartime Japanese
slogan of asia for the Asiatics"-of course,
for japanese ends
Evening star., 1948-03-25

place the program in operation effectively
with a minimum OF lost motion and time.
All of the specialists essential to creating
an efficient overseas organization and
getting it to function properly are not
available in the Government service at
present.
Since time is of the essence In this
emergency program it would seem wiser
for the House to accept the Senates con-
ditional appointment plan than to insist
on full investigation and clearance of all
personnel prior to employment. And
whatever the plan finally adopted, funds
should be provided to enable the FBI to
take on this extra responsibility. The
bureau already is overloaded with loyalty
investigations. To impose added burdens
without providing the means to carry
them would only mean further delay in
completing these essential Investigations.
Evening star., 1948-03-25
Tax Cut Comino

The $4,000, 100000 income tax reduction
bill has been sent to the White House to
await an expected presidential veto.
Presumably the veto will be forthcoming,
since the considerations which impelled
the President to turn down the tax reduc-
tion bill last year are as persuasive now
as they were then. In the absence of
some wholly unforeseen development, how
ever, the veto will be a futile gesture.
This bill, which takes 100000 people off
the Federal tax roll and lowers taxes from
1875 per cent in the lowest brackets to
5 per cent in the highest for 100000
others, was passed in the Senate by a
vote of 78 to II. In the House the vote
was 289 to 66. Thus, in each case there
is an ample margin to override a veto,
even when allowance Is made for the
probability that few members of Con-
gress will stay with the President if he
disapproves the bill.
During the debate the opponents of the
bill brought forward all of the arguments
that can be made against tax reduction
The newest and most compelling of these
is that it is pointless and dangerous to
ACoOSC ti4C CuCId1 IcFcllueS GG q Cl1le
when, in all probability, it is going to
be necessary to increase expenditures
for national defense and international
security. There is no answer to this,
except that which was given by Senator
Morse when he announced that he was
going to support the bill because public
sentiment has crystallized in favor of
lower taxes.
This is undoubtedly true, and the
legislators, in an election year, are not
going to stand out against such a public
demand. On the day that the Senate
voted for tax reduction, the Governments
budget surplus passed the $6,OOO,0 900
mark and the indications are that the
surplus will reach the $7,5OO,OOO0O figure
predicted for the end of the fiscal year.
That gives the Government a margin to
work on, and If coming events raise the
likelihood of a Federal deficit, as they
probably will, taxes can again be raised
if we have the courage and good judgment
to do it. But in any event, veto or no
veto, tax reduction is plainly in the
political scards this wear