davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-04-06
Morale of Jewish DPS
Reported at Record Low

PARIS, April P.-Directors OF
American aid to Jews In % countries
reported today that morale among
Jewish displaced petsphgis at I
record low. ~ &
The reports were hesrd on tho
hrst day OF "a week-long meeting oi
national directors of the American
Jewish Joint Distribution Commit
tee-co-ordinating JeWishs relief
In the Old World. ss..ss-sss
DR.. william HabefsOf Ann Arbor
Mich, United States Army adviser
on Jewish affairs, reported an in
crease Of anti-Semitism in Germany,
Evening star., 1948-04-06
NUM- and Wife in Sweden

GOETEBORG (Gothenburg)
Sweden, April 6 R.-Film Acto,
Paul Mum and his wife arrived here
today. MUM said he had come te
make studies for a motion picture
on the life of Alfred Nobel, the
Swedish inventor Of dynamite who
founded the Nobel Prize fund.
Evening star., 1948-04-06

IN proper order IN today's ballottng.
The final result seemed unlikely to
be known until early tomorrow.
Gen. MacArthur's campaign has
been by proxy, backed only by his
statement from Tokyo that he Is
available for nomination.
Mr.. Stassen and Gov. Dewey cam
paigned here personally. Mr.. Stas-
sen has been to practically every
cross-road. Gov. Dewey hit only
the high spots.
Hot Milwaukee Race.
1 Gov. Dewey's chances generally
have been discounted on the basis
Of the camps estimates.
But q defeat for him here would
mark the sharpest kind Of slump
from four years ago when he won
everywhere in the State where he
had delegate candidate despite a
previous plea from him for with
drawal Of his slate.
Because of a hot mayoralty race,
Milwaukee County is expected to
vote heavily today.
Politicians can't quite figure out
how that will affect the 4th and
5th congressional district races, in
each of which two delegates will be
chosen, or an at-large contest where
seven will be named.
Milwaukee has been the hotbed
Of the Macarthur campaign. His
strongest newspaper support has
been here.
But in 1914 Gov. Dewey made an
overpowering showing in Milwau-
kee, his top delegate got 11,l24 to
Gen MacArthur's 7,788 In the 4th
district, and Mr.. Stassen was a
poor third with 3,134.
In the 5th district. covering the
other part Of the city, Gov. Dewey's
delegate got 1852 to Gen. MacAr-
thurs 1o,910.
In the at-large races Gov. Dewey's
top delegate polled 143,031 to Gen.
MacArthur's 76.811 and Mr.. Stassens
81 ,4s5.
On the basis of this, some pol
iticians are saying that Gov. Dewey
may not be- as far out Of the run
ming as even his own managers
have limited.
The Wisconsin Republican voting
overshadowed the State Democrats
choice Of "a delegates expected to
support President Truman for his
first presidential nomination.
An intra-organization fight was
expected to keep some Of them from
voting the Republican ballot and
voting in an uncalculated manner
for one Of the three Republican
aspirantS.
Evening star., 1948-04-06

Tramp planes, operating like
tramp steamers, are becoming nu.
merous in EArope.
Evening star., 1948-04-06
No Longer
Irregular

Since ! made ALI-BRAN my break.
fast cereal I've stopped taking laxa-
tivesP'-Mrs. Y. DsBonis, Phlade-
phia, Pa.
II your diet lacks bulk for normal
Evening star., 1948-04-06
FAST = ELI EF
FROM PAIN
,,ss;u PILES

Q Here's q single soothing medicine
to speed relief from tortures Of simple
piles. It's amazing Pazo*. Acts at once
70 relieve pain and itching-soothes
iaAamed tissues-lubricstes dry, hard
eaed parfs-helps prevent cracking
and soreaess-reduce swelling and
check minor bleeding. The help yos
gss 10 wonderful!
So, 10 speed relief from itching end
pain Of simple piles, sst Pazo. Yous
doceof can tell you shout It. Ar Al
dfuggists' in tubes with perforated
pile pipe for simple, thorough epplSs
enefon-also tins and suppositofies.
snAs oigpss ~ Ssabsassriss .
Evening star., 1948-04-06

elimination, this
delicious cereal
will suppy it. Eat
an ounce every
day in milk--and
drink plenty Of
water. II not sat
isfied after 10
days, send the
empty carton to
the Kellogg Co.,
Battle Creek, Mic
YOUR MONEY BACI
ALlrBRAN TODAY.
Evening star., 1948-04-06

food Special airl HneIs are ar
|fivihx at London Airport.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23

workers who now are spending 500
of their income just to eat, it comes
from all who want a goat.
Few people refer, however, to his
plight before there was a market for
his products. In those years he had
debts, he worked from sunrise to sun
down (still does for that natter and
he lived on salt-pork, bread, cider or
wine and potatoes,
The peasant has been an easy tar
get when the government has needed
money; his taxes have always been
high, are at peak now.
l spent some time with French
peasants. to get their slant on things,
and I want to say l found them very
decent people. They are struggling
with a manpower shortage which will
get worse before it gets better.
They've been using $4,000 German
prisoners of war but that supply
source is dwindling, with repatriation.
They're using tools that the American
farmer abandoned so years ago. It's
pathetic, actually, to see what they
must work with. The man who has
tractor considers himself lucky, and
indeed he is-before the war there
were only $4,000 tractors and 1000
combines on the 21a million farms
in France.
The price of a tractor runs from
$4,000 to $4,000. Repairs are like |
everything else in France, out of
sight. M. Mercier small operator
who farms less than 200 acres, told
ne he replaced a shaft in his thresher
his fall for $136. In 1929 he paid
$50 for the whole machine.
Basic Reason for Strikes
Living costs in France have in
Continued on Page Three)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23

they left-or from 'portal-to-portar'
Then in the fall of 1916, another de
cision by the high tribunal held that
'portal-to-pOrtal' pay could be applied
to above-ground industries. This 1916
decision was in the Mt. Clemens Pot
terry Company case and stated that
time necessarily spent by employees
of the pottery frim in Michigan in
walking between time clocks and
working places, and time spent in GER
tain make-ready activities, was work
ing time under the Fair Labor Stand
ards act
When the court held that such
travel or make-ready time was com
pensable under the ELSA, unless it
was too trivial to consider, employees
in factories and plants throughout the
nation began filing suits against their
employers, claiming back wages for
various types of activities they con-
tended came under the travel or make
ready provisions of the courts de-
cisiOn.
In January, 1947 congress took steps
to seek a solution which would relieve
employers from the huge potential
liability represented by some 1900
claims. The government was inter
ested, too, because many claims COW
cred wartime activities for which the
government had contracted on a cost
! plus basis.
In February, 1947 the lower court
dismissed the claims made IN the Mt.
Clemens case on the grounds that the
time involved in travel and make
ready work was too trivial to con-
slider. But congress continued it's
study of the problem. The result was
the Portal Act of 1947, which became
effective on May IA, 1947.
The Portal act, while directly APP
plicable to the Federal Wage and Hour
law, does not seek to alter the pur-
pose of the Wage and Hour law. The
Continued from Page Three)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23

were filed, and it was esti-
mated that the back wages
sought amounted to nearly $6,-
O0O,000,O00.
Today "portal-to-portaI" is
again a chief topic of discus
sion, as representatives of Ia
Dor and management gather
at conference tables to discuss con-
tracts covering working conditions,
wages and hours of employment.
The word portal is not generally
used in everyday language, although
it is just another word for gate,
door" or entrance. Strangely
enough, this grand word for gate, door
or entrance was used in connection
with the underground mining industry,
when the U. S. Supreme Court in 1914
and again in 1915 held that miners
were to be paid from the time they
entered a mines portal to the time
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23
MISSOURI VALLEY BOOK
SHOULD BE Read by
Ill. MvAERS

The Missouri Valley, Land Of
Drought, Flood and Promise, by Rufus
Terral; Yale University Press, 1915.
There's not another book like this
People write about aspects of regions,
but Terral, a keenly interested and in
telligent observer, writes about all the
Basin, not just any one aspect of it.
How the farmers live and what they
face, problems OF the business man,
what the people have done to the Val
ley and how the Valley is taking it's
revenge, forcing them Quits all
here, the geology, geography, some
plus shrewd and optimistic
assessment of what has to be done.
You'll be interested in Terral's de-
tailed inside account of how the Blu
reau of Reclamation and the Army
Engineers entered shotgun wed
ding" to forestall a Missouri Valley
Authority; and in their waste, extra
vagances and the "cold war; that
goes on between them today, under
a surface of outward cOrdiality.
This book is the handwriting on the
WALL Leave the Valley to the war
ring bureaucratic agencies for another
10 years and it's future may be gone
redemption Yet Terral de-
cisively believes that you can't just
wave the magic words "MVA" over
the valley and redeem it.
We must not merely copy the IVA,
he says; we must have a new pat
tern, for a wider region, amid new
conditions.
A first-class book that should be
read by every resident of the Missouri
Basin and everyone who has a stake
in it.-Voice of the Valley.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23

now chancellor of Stanford univer-
sity; William J. Miller, S. j., president
of the University of Detroit; Reuben
GustavsOn, president of the Univer-
sity of Nebraska; Edwin T. Dahlberg,
president of the Northern Baptist con-
vention; Arthur Morgan, former IVA
chairman, and Dorothy Garfield Fish
er and Cord Meyer Jr., authors.
Although the report did not directly
oppose the universal military train
ing program President Truman has
asked congress to enact at this SEES
sion the signers said of UNIT:
"The army is planning for even
greater military control over the
American people universal mill
tary training would tend further to
eliminate the healthy criticism civil
ans heretofore have made of the
military (because) very few men
with military training oppose the
will of their former commanders"
Extensively documenting til ir
charge that military men are NOV
ing into key positions in government"
the state department, the
authors of the report said:
THE two most influential men in
the government are Adm. William d.
Leahy, President Truman's personal
aide, and Gen. George c. Marshall,
secretary of state. Marshalrs assist
ant is Brig Gen Marshall S. Carter.
The assistant secretary of state, John
E. Puerifoy, is a West Point graduate
1t. Gen. Lucius d. Clay is military
governor of the American zone in
Germany and General Macarthur is
IN control in Japan. The ambassador
10 Russia is 1t. Gen. Walter Bedell
Smith a number OF other key
positions in the state department are
by military men"
Conduct of foreign policy by mil
tary men leaves much to be desired,
he report said. Marshall conducts
lis foreign policy as soldier would
10 in dealing with an enemy"
The Einstein group deplored the
influence which it said military men
have on "the presidents thinking"
and charged that some high army
and navy leaders have without re-
buke suggested that we abandon our
historic policy to become an agrees
sor nation" by striking the first
blow in a preventive war;.
The signers expressed particular |
oncern over army public relations"
olicy. They said that in 1916 more
han 1900 uniformed soldiers were
ssigned full time to the job of WOO
CONTINUED on Page FOur)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23

Dear Sir and Brother:
I am in receipt of your letter De-
cember Is in regard to the Missouri
Valley Authority and l wish to advise
that we are supporting the MVA as
we hope it will be as beneficial to
LABOR and the people generally, liv-
ing in the territory to be covered by
the MVA as the IVA has been to
those covered in it's regions.
Your request that we throw the sup
port of the ALL behind the drive to
elect candidates who are favorable
towards the MVA will have to be con-
sidered by our new Labor's League
for Political Education, which is now
in the process of being set up
I enclose a report showing our plan
for Labor's League for Political Edu-
cation.
With best wishes, l am
Fraternally yours,
VIM. GREEN, President,
American Federation of Labor
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23

ative arm of labor, Mr.. Green's
announcement is expected to
have considerable influence in
bringing about 1909 nation
wide labor-backing of MVA.
AFL unions throughout the valley,
the national CLIO land various brother
hood and independent unions have
been in the front line fighting for the
almost from the time the
MVA was first proposed.
The AFL presidents letter in sup
port of the MVA, in response to
communication from W. J. Priest, sec
rotary of Park County Trades & Labor
Council, Livingston, follows:
Washington, DC, Jan. s, 1913
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23
Peasants Are Most
Disliked People
I'm France
DON C. MATCHAN

Editors Note: Don Matchan, for
mer editor of the Valley City (N.D.)
Times-Record, who built up a ma
tion-wide reputation of being a
fighting liberal editor, is now on
an extended tour of our European
neighbors. His column, based on
an ION the ground" investigation,
will be a regular feature of The
Voice. We're certain you'll enjoy it.
Probably the most envied-
and therefore disliked person in
France today is the peasant. People
are mad at him because he's eating
well, which most Frenchmen aren't.
The war and the postwar initiation
put the French farmer on his feet. He
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23
OFFICERS ELECTED BY
KAL!SPELL- LABOR
COUNCIL.

At a well attended meeting of the
Kalispell Central Trades and Labor
Council Friday, January at the La
Dor Temple, the semi-annual election
! OF officers took place. Affiliated un
ions from Whitefish, Columbia Falls
and Somers as well as from Kalispell,
participating in the voting. Albert
Root of Somers conducted the meeting
as chairman pro tenn.
Sylvan It. Walter, a member of
Operating Engineers Local 81 was
elected his fourth term as president.
James Mahaney, member of Kalispell
LSW Local 2405 was elected vice
president. Perry S. Melton, Painters
Local 975 was reelected secretary
treasurer, position he has held since
1888. Other officers chosen were
Ralph Laurich, Iron
Workers Local 593 (re-elected) and
Trustees Ray Mcbride, Somers LSW
Local 1865: Charles Luke, Columbia |
Falls LSW Local 1897 and Marvin
Electrical Workers 76S.
The newly elected officers will be
given the obligation and seated at the
lext regular council meeting, Friday,
January %.
Council educational activities were
discussed and a joint group of the
delegates and members of Carpenters
local GIL viewed the motion picture
Make Way for Youth, currently be-
ng shown to various groups in the
Or1o rl,rnitv bv the PTA
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23
HOUSING fight OF
BILLINGS VETS
CONTINUING

Continued efforts of Billings GIs
living in the Calhoun subdivision to
obtain a square deal on homes they
purchased over a year ago and the
publicity resulting therefrom, has re-
vealed that veterans in many parts of
the country have been the victims of
similar sharp" practices on housing.
Latest example, as reported by the
Mitchell news letter, concerns vets in
the Sacramento area, where 20 GIs
have been similarly victimized.
The January "a Mitchell letter COW
ering recent developments in the Bill
lings instance, follows:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23

Pointing to the "militarized
states" which arose in Japan
and Germany when civilian
control of national policy was
undermined, the group said:
THE same pattern already exists in
large measure in our own land"
The assertions were made in 80
page booklet entitled 1.-THE Militariza-
ton of America" distributed here by
the National Council Against Con
scription.
Signers of the report, in addition
to Einstein included Ray Lyman Will
bur, former secretary of the interior,
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23
GORMAN V. r. w. COMMITTEE
RESUMES OPERATIONS

The last report of this committee
on December II, 1947, stated that the
general information on the Calhoun
Lane situation was then in the hands
OF the Us. District Attorney, John b..
Tansil at Billings, Mont. Mr.. TansiPs
correspondence with Mr.. Hennessy,
II. S. District Attorney at Sacramento,
California disclosed a similar situa-
ton with 20 GIs at Sacramento Clip
pings from the Sacramento Union in
dictate the violations of contracts as
per issues dating from August 10, 1947
to October II, 1947 by first appeals
made to the Mason VIEW. Investigate
ing Committee of Sacramento, disclos-
ing incomplete contracts, poor con-
struction etc, contractors agreeing to
rebate, CT suit to recover many thou
sand dollars, and finally the contract
ors accused and indicted by the q. S.
government Other correspondence
from Pittsburgh Pa, Indicate action
taken by the u. S. district attorney
in Pennsylvania.
Frank German, VFW housing COM
mittee chairman, conferred again with
us. Attorney Tansil and Mr.. Tansil
stated he had placed the facts con-
corning the Calhoun Lane controversy
directly in the hands of the us. at
torney general, Tom Clark at Wash
ington. DC, for further action.
State VIEW Behind Vets
At meeting of District No. of the
Veterans of Foreign Wars held at
Laurel Mont, January Is, 194S it was
stated by the Department Commander,
John Bonner that the State Depart
ment of the VIEW of Montana would
hack the German VFW investigating
committee both financially and NOR
ally.
These investigations have disclosed
that violations by the contractors had
to he common knowledge to certain
appraisers and abstractors. Also law
vers who supposedly were giving legal
Guidance. Facts concerning these IT.
Irregularities will be published IN future
committee reports.
FRANK J. GORMAN, Chairman,
vFW Housing Committee, Billings
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23

n a s made money,
and a 1t h gu g h it
won't buy what it
used to, it gives him
d good table, and
that, finally, is what
m o S t Frenchmen
are concerned with.
They like to eat.
T h e resentment
toward the peasant
comes from govern
ment, it comes from
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23
Democracy Endavx. cred By
Our Militarist' ! Trend

Washington-Prof Albert Einsen aid 20 other educators
cergymen and public figures Sunday issued
that america remain democratic if the
trend toward military control of institutions continues
They asserted military have acquired Dangerous
degree of influence American foreign policy public opn
on higher education, scientific research, the
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23
p ortal' Law Is Clarified By
Wage-Hour Division
By JOHN NJ. EKEBERG and ANTHONY

By JOHN NJ. EKEBERC1 and ANTHONY j. CRAIG
Public Contracts Divisions
"Portao-Porta" of the chief topics discussion
about Suits against employers being filed
daily asking large back The of
and the of sought piled higher higher
Within period of months than 1900
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23
MVA Endorsed By Head Of AL

the conviction that the creation of Missouri
Authority be beneficial the Missouri basin
has been the IVA the Tennessee Valley William Green
the American Federation of Labor recently placed
of labor soldly behind the for VA
Known as a leading member of the
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23
Annual MVA Meeting
This Sunday

Just a reminder-the annual
MVA stockholders meeting will
be held in Eagles Hall, Great
Falls, Sunday, January 25, $50
am. This should be the most
important annual meeting of the
orqanization-so don't miss it.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-01-23

Mr.. w. J. Priest, Secretary
Park County Trades & Labor Council
Livingston, Montana
The Northwest times. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1947-1955, 1948-01-22

. pro baseball is extremely popular III Japan,
but what's the percentage if every team Is in the
red with no quick prospects OF prospenng!
George Schneiter the PEA tourney committee
chairman who is linked in the $4,000 suit filed by
the three Negro golf pros against the PEA and
the Richmond Golf club in California, is one OF the
nations leading pro golfers his mother is Japa-
nese, according to the Nichi Bel Times this fel-
low George Kishda, of Salt Lake City who rolled
for Okada Insurance in the NV. Nisei Classic Is
the cocky one but he has right to be as he almost
calls his shots Ontario JACL's hoop team which
challenged the winner of the all Oriental basket
ball tournament with guarantee to boot will have
chance to show it's stuff in the second annual
Northwest Times Northwest Invitatlonal Nlsel
Basketball Tournament come Feb. 20, q and ".
only four fish weighed more than five pounds on
the last day of the Seattle Sportsmen's clubs
blackmouth derby; one hundred sixty fishermen
had it rough Sunday after cleaning over the
bowling averages of all Nisei circuits in the West,
the ratings according to the areas, should be Utah.
first; California, second; Washington, third, and
Oregon. fourth How Soon? Oregon Nisei Bowl
ing Classic in Portland will be Feb. IA and 10.
The Northwest times. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1947-1955, 1948-01-22
Two More Get
Bowling Bags

Fred cTakagi Woodworking ma
mayer Of Main Bowl which success
fully sponsored the second annual
Northwest Nisei Classic. today an
nounced that Tosh Shimizu ard
Mino Okazakl. both of Portland,
Ofeg.. will receive a leather bag for
having the highest single game
scores not in the money in the sin
giles and doubles respectively. Tom
Namba of Seattie's Kashiwagi won
his bag with 225 in the team
event. Shimizu hit 233, and Okla
zaki, a 24l.
The Northwest times. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1947-1955, 1948-01-22
X. Yamaguchi
Shoots 70 for
PSGA Triumph

K. Yamaguchi opened the '48
off season of the Puget Sound
Golf Association last Sunday at
Jefferson park by shooting a neat
10 net to win the top "A" flight
honors of the PSGA's January
tournament. Okamoto, stroking 81
with a 10 handicap, fired a u net
to emerge first-placer in the "B"
light.