Evening star., 1948-09-13
Truman 10 Talk
To Scientists
Here Tonight
World Cooperation
In Research Theme of
Centennial Session
By Thomos R. Henry
Science Editor Of The Stor

Scientists from all over the United
States were registering today for
the centennial meeting of the Amer
lean Association for the Advance
ment of Science, which will open
tonight with a meeting in Consti-
tuition Hall to be addressed by
President Truman.
The program, built around the
theme of "One World of Science"
will include an address by DR.. Har-
low Shapley. retiring president and
Harvard University professor OF
astronomy, on international CO.
operation in astronomical research.
The White House said arrange
ments probably will be made during
the day for broadcasting the Presi-
dents address. 1t is scheduled to,
begin shortly after 8:35 o'clock and
probably will last for 10 or IL
minutes.
During the next three days nearly
200 papers will be presented, con-
sisting largely of reviews OF the
present status of the sciences.
brO60C1St 4<l6he.
Popularization of scientific sub
iects will be taken to a coast-to-
coast audience tomorrow night by
the scientists themselves when the
radio show Americas Town Meet
ing of the Air" will be broadcast
from Constitution hall. The show
begins at $50 pm.
Four speakers will talk on What
Hope for Man?" They are DR..
Shapley, DR.. Brock Chisholm, direc-
tor general of the World Health
Organization; DR.. Edmund Sinnott,
director of the Sheffield Schol at
Yale University, and DR.. Fairfield
Osborn, president OF the New York
Geological Society.
Meetings of the Federation of
Geological Societies, whose organi-
cations are members Of the aSsocia-
ton, ended this morning with a
general session at the Lisner Audi
torium devoted to social behavior
among animals.
DR.. John D. Calhoun Of Johns
Hopkins University reported an ex-
pertinent on the development OF
class consciousness among wild rats.
Same Pattern as Man.
Rat societies apparently follow
about the same pattern of Develop
ment as human, the experiment
showed. Ten animals, five male and
five female, were trapped in differ
ent places SO that there was no pos
sibility that they had known each
other before.
They were placed in an enclosed
pen with barely adequate food
supply for all of them. DR.. Calhoun
found that in this first generation
there was bitter fighting for DOM
inance-that is, easy access to food
sources. Invariably the heaviest
rats won out and finally came to be
recognized as the social superiorS.
Litters of young, once they were
weaned by their mothers, wandered
about freely and at first we're al
lowed access to all the food boxes.
After a few weeks, however, the old
rats began to resent this and would
turn the youngsters on their backs
and spank them. Never, however,
did they really injure them until
they were about seven months old,
and able to put up a good fight for
themselves.
Inferior Class Created.
The only exception to this be-
haYior was that of nursing females
who would very soundly thrash and
even bite young rats who crossed
their paths AS result these vic
TINS got less then their fair share
of the food and grew slowly. This
meant. since social dominance de-
pended on size, that the victims
were doomed permanently to inferi-
ority. They had to live on the out
skirts of the crowd.
The children born to the inferior
females, due to the position of their
burrows so far removed from the
food boxes, also grew more slowly
and were somewhat dWarfed, so the
same pattern was continued for an
other generation.
AS result the condition of being
born on the wrong side of the
tracks arose and a definitely in
feriOr class Uac creotp6