davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-11-26
MEMBER OF ASSOCIATED PRESS

The Associated Press is entitled exclusively to the use for republi- cation of all the local news printed in this newspaper. as well as all AP news dispatches.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-11-26

in echips, checks. credits, or values exchangeable for money" they are not gambling devices.
Evening star., 1948-04-11

uprising of angry citizens working together for the first time
At first the fight seemed hopeless Businessmen afraid of
repsals slammed their doors. Some gave money the
promise that their would be kept secret Fleming him.
self was approached in a restaurant night by man who
made plain that he would be in serious danger he conn
ued his opposition to the Crackers Fear widespread
that in the 1912 elections for the State Legislature the C
Union could enlist only man, plumber, to
against the machine He badly beaten
400 Dead Voters
But Fleming and his small group of esoute followers began
build the Citizens Union block by block ward by ward
talking to their neghbos holding small meetings in private
homes BY the 1913 elections they ready to enter five
candidates for City Council against the Crackers After
intensive check of registration lists they reported that Of
966 registered voters 335 had been audueny registered
from addresses where they did not live Another 400 not
living The Citizens Union announced that would carry
the fight to the voting booths election day. and challenge
every voter whom suspected not living his registered
address
The Crackers waited till IL o'clock the night before elec
tons Then they struck back with ruthless disregard of the
law Boss Kennedy had his Primary Committees
that challenges would be allowed at the polls and that
Citizens Union representative who attempted to challenge
would be removed by the police crisis faced the Citizens
Union Violence in the air Rather than risk it, the C
Continued on page 20
Evening star., 1948-04-11

Fear of Boss Kennedy deep that few citizens dared
to discuss him. An outoown newspaper reporter visit
ed Augusta to investigate the machine and called of
the local businessmen He smugged into back ard
made to that the businessmans would be
revealed When the interview finished the businessman
waited until the reporter left the Office and the building before
he would venture out of the room himself
Prominent lawyers found they could hardly make
without consulting the Boss" IF one of my clients was
arrested says Frank Pierce Il couldn't 90 down and bail
him out had to Kennedy. There wasn't anything you
could do in Augusta without seeing Kennedy
Gravy for the "Crackexs"
EVEN children learned what like to live under dca
tor To supervise their studies Kennedy appointed former
clerk the Water Department. Trustees of the Board
Cracker appontees with to fire teachers and appoint
Evening star., 1948-04-11

Freedom suddenly became than a word The draft
board liable to send yonde to fight for the freedom
of people in China India Africa, Bridges Evans said
Il want to have some Of it at home too
Hundreds of letters and kilograms of protest against Boss
Kennedy flooded the local newspapers But the pubcs fear
of the Cracker machine great that only three people
signed their Only small group the Augusta Cti
Union dared to fight Kennedy and his machine in the
open.
The organizer of the Citizens Union Berry Fleming,
tall quiet penetrating who had travelled widely writ
successful novels and short stories and finally had
back the Augusta house which his father had wed to him.
He had the dctatorshps of Musson and Hitler and
shocked to find the seeds of the disease oshing
in his city The year before when the Cracker machine
decided pull down Augustus historic and beautiful court
house and replace with building whose construction
Evening star., 1948-04-11

ment in city building and when he decided to build an
elaborate fishing camp in the country, members of the Police
and Fire Departments pitched in and gave to him
gift When he needed workmen he took them from prisoners
at the city stockade Ctyowned trucks hauled the materials
Transactions like these recorded When audi
tor began to check the administrations books recently he
could find no cash accounts since l943.
Elections? Through the poll tax, which existed then in
Georgia and other obstacles set up by its controlled election
committe the Crackers it that only 1000 voters out
of population of $1,000 registered. They paid the
poll tax of their members and registered hundreds of
Others raudulenty. On election day. dummy voters
brought from another town the river Even the
local houses of prostitution canvassed.
One who announced his intention of running for mayor
approached by party henchman. snow look here,
Mac, said the henchman 'Tve got in pants pocket
here just thousand dollars It's yours if you'll
retire from this race"
seethng resentu city finally erupted in 1912 Pushed to
the wall by corruption graft and intimidation Augusta needed
only spark to off, When Bridges Evans thrown
into Jail for exercising his right of free speech The Augusta
Herald splashed the story its front page and The Chon
ice warned mo citizen in this community from this day
forward will feel safe to opinion about the manner
in which public affairs being conducted Drawing para
lei with Naz Germany it asked rs citizen of Germany
afraid criticize the Naz regime publc9 Is citizen of
Augusta afraid to criticize the Cracker regime in pubc
Evening star., 1948-04-11

would line Cracker pockets, Fleming
sponsored big public meeting This quick
action. in combination with the stoppage of
all construction when the country went into
war, saved the courthouse Fleming told the
story of this first battle in his novel, Colonel
Ehingham's Raid, which became national
best-seller and Hollywood movie.
Now, with public feeling cryst.llized
by Bridges Evans's arrest, Fleming de-
cided that the time for fl1ll-scale action
had come. Along with the Reverend Adolph
Meyer, S. Donald Fortson and Dr.. Warren
Coleman, who formed the board of the Citi-
zens Union, he took two full-page ads in the
newspapers, asking for volunteers in the
fight against the machine. Five hundred
people answered the first day; thousand by
the end of the week. 1t was a spontaneous
Evening star., 1948-04-11

their own trends. One trustee grabbed
the gasoline concession for school buses.
The core of Kennedy's power was in the
Police and Fire Departments and among
other city employees. They got their jobs
through the machine; in turn, they helped
extend its control. Every city employee had
to kick back" one per cent of his salary to
the Cracker" treasury. The biggest graft
was from licenses and concessions Only
three wholesale liquor dealers - one of
whom was reputed to have made over two
million dollars during the war were issued
licenses. When the machine needed money,
it knew where to turn.
For his personal use, Kennedy had two
Fire Department captains as his chauffeurs
and sleek $4 900 Cadillac that was charged
IN the citv He lived in 2 rent free aDart
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-01-22
British Refusal 10 Lift
Palestine immigration
Limit Stymies U. n.
By the Assoeioted Press

LAKE SUCCESS, Jan. 22.-Brit-
aims refusal to give the Jews a
beachhead in Palestine by February
l for Substantial immigration" dis
rupted today the timetable laid
down by the United Nations Assem-
bly, for partition Of the Holy Land.
Confronted with the British in
tention to retain undivided con-
troll over the whole of Palestine"
until they surrender their mandate,
the five-member Palestine Partition
Commission turned to drafting re-
port to the Security Council record
ing the first failure in the Assembly
partition scheme.
A new complication appeared,
meanwhile, in the Indian-Pakistan
dispute. Pakistan submitted a let
ter to the Security Council, which
was called to meet at 2::30 pm, say
.ng her conflict with India had
reached a Every acute crisis" and
that Pakistan might have to take
military action" If the Security
Council does not act quickly.
Secret negotiations between the
disputing countries and Fernand
van Langenhove of Belgium, Coun-
Gil president, were reported to have
broken down yesterday. India was
said to have declared that there
was no use continuing the negotia-
lions since the Council has approved
q mediation commission to seek a
settlement of the Kashmir fighting,
while Pakistan was said to have
demanded that the negotiations
cover causes" behind the Kashmir
conflict.
One informed source said the In
dams felt they had come to Lake
Success for Security Council action
and not to carry on negotiations
which they could conduct at home.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-01-22
Contempt Trials Postponed
For 10 Film Personalities

The trial dates Of 10 Hollywood
personalities accused OF contempt OF
Congress yesterday were postponed
for about two weeks in each case,
when Justice Richmond B. Keech Of
District Court granted defense coun-
sci an extension from Saturday to
January 80 in which to file motions.
The 10 are indicted on contempt
charges for refusing to tell the
House Committee on Un-American
Activities whether they were MEM
bers of the Communist Party.
AS result of the extension, the
trial date for John Howard Lawson,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-01-22
FoxhoII Citizens to Meet

A,special meeting to discuss pro-
posed construction of a four-lane
highway near Foxhall Village has
been called by the Foxhall Village
Citizens Association at 8 pm. to-
morrow In the basement Of st. Pat
rick's Church, 1865 Greenwich park
way NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-01-22

N6altz, March 10; Alvah Bessie,
March Is; Samuel Ornitz, March II;
Herbert Biberman, March %: Ed
ward Dymtryk, March "a; Adrian
Scott, March 90; Ring Lardner, jr.,
March 81, and Lester Cole, April g.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-01-22

which had been set for February o,
has been postponed to February "a
Trial dates for the nine other de-
PENDANTS are now set for dates as
follows:
Dalton Trumbo, March s; Albert
Evening star., 1948-01-24
IVA and Columbia Tech
Officials 10 Talk Again
Monday on Contract

Oficials of the Columbia Tech
nical Institute and the Veterans
administration will meet at am.
Monday, with neither side holding
much hope of agreeing on con-
tract which would assure the edu-
cation of about 800 war veterans
at the school.
But at least they agreed to- get
together, at the end OF an a1l-day
hearing yesterday, called by a
House Veterans Subcommittee to
investigate their dispute over a tut
ton contract.
Chairman Ramey, Republican, of
Ohio indicated his group also may
extend its probe TO other profit
schools which enroll student vet
Grams, and their relations with VA.
Payments to 800 Halted.
AS a result of the argument at
Columbia, VA has stopped tuition
payments to about 300 night stu
dents in part-time courses. And it
has told the school that, after the
term ends this June, it will not pay
tuition or allowances for 400 day
students still attending classes. un-
less the scshool submits state
ment of its operating costs.
H. v. Stirling, VA education di.
rector, told the committee his
agency needs the financial state
ment to make sure that the schools
tuition rates are fair and reason
able"
4 Paul J. Leverone and his wife,
owners of the school, came here
from their home in Miami Beach,
Fla, to uphold his stand in refusing
to submit the statement. The rea-
son, he said, is that VA refuses to
recognize certain operating expenses
which are necessary.
The tall, tanned, former drafts
man with the Bureau Of Reclama-
tion and National Parks Service,
told the committee he was ordered
to move to Miami by his doctor be-
cause of "a sinus condition"
/ Opened School in 1928.
He began Columbia Tech, located
now at Vermont avenue and N
street NV, he said, in 1928. Dur
ing the war years, he said, he and
his wife lost money on its opera
ton. Profits last year were not
brought out, but Mr.. Leverone tes-
titled that they drew Salaries" OF
s18, 900 each.
Earlier, three or four student vet
Grams who testified about the school
said they were not satisfied by the
instruction they received.
The fourth, Francis A. Gillian,
35, a former Marine, of 1858 Fort
Davis street Sc, said he thought
the instruction was very good" A
night student, he said he was pay
ing this months tuition from his
own savings, but would not be able
to continue that.
An employe of the Government
Printing Office during the day, Mr..
Gillian said that, since last April,
he has been eating my meals
downtown and going directly to
school. That means I don't get
home until about 10 pm. and don't
get to see my two children until
Sundays"
IT suppose now," he added, "that
all the training I've had and a
lot of money and effort will be
Il thrown away"
Evening star., 1948-01-24
CupituI Transit Lost and Found
Runqes From Clutches to Cash

Umbrellas continued to be the
item most frequently lost, the re-
port showed-3,548 were, turned in
during the year and 1887 were
claimed by the owners.
But the Office. does not get into a
rut on the types of items it handles.
The report listed grocery-store
cart (minus groceries) hockey sticks,
an automobile tire, motor scooter
frame, canes. crutches and a motor
cycle windshield.
OF the 2o,52s articles turned in
to the Office, 9.845 were returned to
owners through their reports of
loss, or the detective work of Mrs.
M. s. Ward, head of the lost and
found Office, and her staff. Another
5,277 times were turned over to find
ers when owners did not appear, and
Evening star., 1948-01-24

The forgetfulness Of Washing
ton. bus and streetcar riders was
illustrated in terms of cold, hard
cash-$17, ,407 of it-and weird as
sortment of articles, as Capital
Transit Co.'S lost and found office
yesterday released its 1947 report.
The cash was part Of the 20,529
articles which transit operators
and passengers turned in to the
company lost and found head
quarters at 1416 F street NV. dur
ing the year, Ernest E. Boyd, super
insendent Of transportation, re-
ported.
Losers reclaimed $16,512 Of the
cash, MIR. Boyd reported, and the
rest went to the finders A total
of SIT ,423 in bonds and checks, also
found on streetcars and buses, got
Evening star., 1948-01-24
vioIinist Cleared Of Charge
Of YuIe Shopper Assault

John Ivan Kuharetz, 58-year-old
violinist of the National Symphony
Orchestra, yesterday was cleared OF
an indecent assault charge when the
United States Attorneys Office In
Municipal Court dropped the case.
Senior Assistant Prosecutor j. War
rem Wilson said there was insuf-
fcient evidence that Mr.. Kuharetz
Intentionally touched woman dur
ing the Christmas shopping rush in
a downtown f1ve-and-dime store.
"It was something that could have
happened to any one at that time, I"
Mr.. Wilson said, adding that the
woman involved had felt no assault
had been intended. Mr.. Kuharetz
lives in the 1700 block of Pennsyl-
vania avenue NV.
Evening star., 1948-01-24

luton will be circulated among al
residents Of the area, at the re-
quest of Mrs. Vernon Bundey.
Resolutions mean nothing" Mrs,
Bundey quoted her father, Senator
Reed, Republican, of Kansas, as
saying. "Its the names and ad-
dresses that count"
F. j. Boardman of the National
Evening star., 1948-01-24
FoxhaII Village Citizens
Oppose Freeway Project

A resolution opposing the con-
struction of the proposed four-lane
Arizona Avenue Freeway was
adopted by the Foxhall Village
Citizens Association last night at
a special meeting.
Calling the proposal 'out of pro-
portion to any foreseeable or de-
monstrable need" the resolution
suggested that "less costly and
more suitable artery could be pro-
vided by other means"
A petition supporting the reso-
Evening star., 1948-01-24
THE EVENING STAR Washington, D. c.. 3
H.

Capital Park and Planning Com
mission spoke in defense of the
proposed road.
The meeting. held at st. Patrick's
Church, 4465 Greenwich parkway
NV, was conducted by Adam
Stephenson, president.
Evening star., 1948-01-24
Y Club to Hear Dorm

Representative Dorm, Democrat, of
South Carolina, will address the
Sunday Morning Breakfast Club of
| the Central Branch YMCA, 1876 G
street NV, at 9 am. tomorrow.
Evening star., 1948-01-24

most Of the others went to the
Goodwill Industries. Some were
sold and proceeds turned over to the
Capital Transit Employees Relief As
sociation.
Articles worth $25 or more are held
for a wear before disposition. |
Evening star., 1948-01-24
Capt. GoIIey Assumes Post

Capt. Philip DAILY Gallery, USN,
for the past is months executive
officer of the Naval Powder Factory,
Indian Head. Md, this week as
sumed temporary command of that
installation.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-04-15
Chart Lists Estimated
Income Tax Saving

WHAT THE NEW income tax law
now in effect may mean in the way
of savings to the average Individual
or family can be estimated from the
following tables.
The Montana Taxpayers associa-
ton has estimated that the state
"dividend'' from the income tax re-
duction bill will amount to $13,-
300,0 900 annually. The association
said that the estimated reduction in
the state amounts to % percent Of
individual income taxes collected in
Montana in the fiscal year of 1947.
(The income column below indi-
Gates income before personal exemp-
tons but after deductions are made
for such things as other taxes, con-
tributions to churches, etc. Instead
of itemizing these deductions, a tax
payer may simply deduct 10 per-
cent of his income, if he desires, up
to a maximum of $1,000. AS an ex-
ample, a person earning $4,000 and
taking the standard 10 percent de-
duction would find his income at
$500 in the following tables.)
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-04-15
BARGAIN RATES
FOR WAR FREIGHT

In suits now pending before the Interstate Commerce Com
mission, the Federal Government contends that the nations
railways overcharged it for wartime transportation services.
Government attorneys estimate the alleged overcharges at
between 2 and 3 billion dollars.
The pubHc-especiany the farmer, rancher, merchant and
manufacturer-has a tremendous stake in the outcome of the
so-called Reparation Cases. Should the Government be awarded
repurotions in Substantial amounts, very much higher railway fans-
poto+ion COSTS would be inevitable.
Edwin C. Matthias, Vice President and General Counsel
of Great Northern Railway, recently discussed the Reparation
Cases before Western Minnesota businessmen in Wilmar,
Mimi.
"RoHrood ruses paid by ms Government during The wot were
m no instances higher, ard in nearly every case were substantially
lower, HAN those paid by privoas or commercial shippers" sold
Mr. MoNhios. 'K actually got Ms rases at d borsair.
Freight charges for transportation of wartime supplies
approximately 5s billion dollars for the period 1912 through
1915. During fhuf Time the railways paid HE Government nearly ,
billions $50 millions in taxes.
"The Government now wants to collect another 2 to 3
billions in the form of PREPARATIONS. If it is successful, it will
have obtained from the railways approximately 62h million dol
lars more Than the carriers received for hauling wanime freight
under Government bills of Iodins.
Land Grant rates saved the Government approximately
$40 million dollars a year during the war, and Army and Navy
officers testified before Congressional committees that other
rate reductions voluntarily given by the railways saved the
Government an additional $50 millions a year.
~shovld repuruions awards ia substantial amounts be mode;
there are only two sources from which the money could be obtained
10 pay fhem-from shippers through heavy increases in rates, or
erom re Government TO pay the Government.
EMO one thinks that the money could be borrowed from the
United States poithout creating q cLamor from the politicians
for Government operation of the railroads. Does the public
want another eetravagant experiment of that kind? 1t is Our
belief that the public does not rant to take what might provs
to be the first step top0ard the specialization of basic American
industries as such industries are mow being socialised in
EngLamdF
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-04-15
Weather Summary

United States Department Of Commerce
Weather Bureau Office, Helena, Montana
Mean Temperature and Total Precipitation
Station February, 1913 Period
, 1948-03-24

going to be? Many people
think of us as an impecialistic
country. Pointing to y. S. at
titude toward Cuba, the Phili-
lippines and the Virgin Is
lands and the return of the
battleshipS to Italy, he said,
we are not very imperialistic.
In concluding his speech he
said we have got to hold Rus
STA where she is now. There
must be a point. We must
back that by the force of arms,
if necessary. It is a terrible
thing to say, but aforeign POI
Icy is useless without the feel
that you will strike when the
time comes. Continually we
must try to understand and be
friendly with all Russian as
pirations which do not conflict
with that great central issue,
to hold the peace Of this poor
world.
Many questions were asked
by the audience, all Of which
Mr.. Biddle answered.
, 1948-03-24

about the preservation of free
dom and of democratic rights,
and when the President de-
clared in a special message,
his belief in the enforcement
OF civil liberties, some South
ern Senator'S and Governors
were insisting on discrimina-
ton and segregation of Negro
minorities".
Judge Biddle recalled that
on March IL, the President an
nounced what was known as
the Truman doctrine; Greece
and Turkey are threatened
with communists from the out
side. He asked for so many
million dollars to send not.
only provisions but military.
equipment. That is a terrific
thing for the United States to-
day, he said. We are now no
longer in the pleasant situa-
ton where sitting on the side
lines we can squirt moral gene
eralities. We must first get our
foreign policy, which is to keep
the peace of the world by
again using the English plan
Of power theory. If we believe
that Greece and Turkey are
str attegic spots, II we believe
those two nations must be suS-
tanned, we must help them, he
said. There is probably no ele-
ment Of democracy neither in
Greece or Turkey but we are
sustaining existing govern
,ments because they still serve
to block Russia's power.
He told of some Of his expe-
riences with the Russians,
which was humorous at times.
He spoke Of their inferiority
complex added to an oriental
suspicion. Mr.. Biddle asked:
What is our relation to Russia
, 1948-03-24
BIDDLE

past, also in our new relation
to Europe. -
In 1910, lord Bryce, the
most brilliant critic Of Ameri-
can Institutions suggested that
the organization of the Amer
lean constitution made it diff
cult to act swiftly in foreign
affairs; but that that was UNI
important since we had no
foreign policy. Suddenly, over
night, the world has been
dumped in our lap. What are
we going to do if Italy goes
Communist after the April
elections, or if Jugo-Slavia
comes across the border?
I'VE know that Russia never
intended to make a go Of the
United Nations. Russian policy
of Imperialism is not a new
thing. Russia has always been
imperialist, after every war.
The great bear rears again on
her hind legs and looks for
new places to conquer. The
threat to Europe after Water
loo was Alexander the First.
At the beginning Of the Russo
Japanese war you find Thea
dore Roosevelt sending word
through his embassies in Ber-
lin and Paris that if either Ger
many or France sided with
Russia the United States
would have to stand with
Japan. President Wilson, be-
fore we entered World War I,
said to Colonel House that if
Germany was defeated Rus
STA would be the new threat.
"On May, 4 1947, Mr.. Dean
Acheson, Under-secretary of
State, made an extraordinary
speech at Cleveland, Miss,
in which he outlined definitely
four or five underlying assump
tons Of the Marshall p ia =
What he said was substantial
ly this: Take a look at the
trade balance; we are shipping
out annual exports at the rate
Of Is billion dollars, and TAX
ing in imports Of 8 billions.
When you look closer this is
being paid by American loans,
and the dwindling gold reserv-
es Of Europe. This cannot con-
tinue or it will result in an
H#M. =