davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
Cantor Named The
March Of Dimes"

AT the M-G-M studio on Nov.
%, 1887, U. S. District Judge j.
F. T. OConnor met with John W
Considine, Jr.. w. S. Van Dync
II, Harry Mazlich and Eddie Cam
tor to discuss ways and means
of raising money for the infantile
paralysis drive"
In the course Of the discussion
Eddie Cantor suggested that eve
ry radio station be asked to make
thirty second appeal for the
cause. He suggested sending all
money directly to the White House
After discussing the problems
involved, according to Judge o.
Conner, Eddie Cantor thought
for few seconds as he walked
up and down then said: I'VE
could call 1t the March of Dimes"
Everyone approved So do we.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
Prisoners GET WDl
Christmas Gifts

NEW YORK CITY -- CWDLl =
Gifts from the Workers Defense
Leagues Prisoners Aid Bureau
made Christmas behind prison
bars little more cheerful for 20
men jailed as result of injus-
tees
Tee Davis, Negro tenant farmer
serving 10 years for shooting at
a white sheriff in Arkansas. got
two carton of cigarettes, which he
requested, in addition to a SO
gift Morris Preston, Negro in Al
burn, N. Y. state prison, got Sc
veral pounds of hard candy. for
which he has asked the past two
Christmases.
Others got 81 cash each which
they can buy smokes, candy and
other items at prison commissar-
les. They include Walter Haas.
Ken Lanham and Martin Vickos,
convicted of arson and murder
during last years seamen's strike
in Baltimore; Clarence Kasner, a
conscientious obpector still i'm
prisoned and twelve court martial
ed Negro els, whose names were
submitted to the prisoners aid
bureau by the National Associa-
ton for Advancement of Colored
People.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
ALL Discrimination
Criticised BY
Panamanians

Panama, Canal Zone tG)-The
General Workers Union here will
not send delegates TO the Inter
national Labor Conference in
Lima, Peru this month because
of the rank discrimination prac-
ticed by the American Fedora
ton of Labor against Panaman-
ians and other Latin Americans.
"Panamanian workers will not
be represented in the conference
sponsored by the AFL, which
practices shameless discrimination
In the Canal Zone not only agains.
Panamanians but also all Latin
Americans" is the statement is
sued by the Secretary General of
the Union, in justify1ng the In
ions action.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09

and the sponsor was w. II; fow-
Ter.
Honor roll students for the End
six weeks are Alice Bowers and
Lillian Kimble, grade seven, Gin
derella Harris, grade eight; Nathan
Smith, eleven; Lorene Walters and
Fillmore Thomas, II. Students
with b average are Erma Jean
Thompson, James Oliver 7, Vel
ma NJ Banks, Ethel M. Lyons,
Kay Francis Woods, Ruth Marie
Thompson, Bonnie Jean Martin
dale. Joe Ethel bowl, 8, WILDER
lene West, Callie Johnson, 8;
Geneva Sisk, Ella Wee Sisk,
Charlotte Smith, 10; Priscilla john
son, Rose Marie Sisk, Eleie
Parks. IL; Vernester Lee, Berdene
Garrett. Lorene Perkins, Sidney
Garrett r.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09

Continued from page one

Continued from page one
assistant State Supervisor OF Ne
gro schools, President T. W. Coegs
OF Arkansas Baptist College. and
President M Lafayette Harris of
Philander Smith College.
Last resting place of the BODY
OF the grand old warrior is at
Haven Memorial cemetery, which
by a peculiar coincidence was
originally purchased by Dr.. Cox
as the Epworth League Farm for
the Little Rock District of the
Methodist Church. This was later
sold to John Bush who made il
into the cemetery. Dr.. Cox ac-
CURED the West End Park Site
during the first Methods Cen.
tenary Movement during his adj
ministration at Philander
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
SMACkOVER
Collie Caldwell

Miss Phyllis Flower of Heleua is
guest of her parents, Rev. and
Mrs. ]. E. Flowers. she is a mem
Der of the faculty of Helana High
School - Jake Willis IS on the
sick list ...... Mrs. Thuna Glass
gov has improved $1,000 Mr.. and
Mrs. M. N. Lewis visited in Cam
den Sunday .... Mrs. Lon Alice
Barr of Little Rock was re-
cent visitor here ..... Mrs. Henrlet
ia Cox of Coushatta, La is the
guest of her sister. Mrs. Minnie
Webster ...... Mrs Alice Mae Ieg-
wood of Detroit was holiday
guest of Mr.. and Mrs. Jessie Me
Elroy ...... Mrs. Aster Meekins OF
Milwaukee, Wis. was called home
on account Of the illness OF her
father, Mr.. Cain. He is reported
having improved .-.... Mrs. Mary
Tatum is improving from a re-
cent operation .~ Mrs. Ollie Vera
Goodwin and daughter, Janice.
visited relatives in Ell Dorado Fri
day ...... Mrs. Lottie rYoungbiood
attended the funeral of her faith
er in Homer, La Sunday .... Mrs.
Mary Eta Wilkins returned from
Phoenix, Arizona Monday. where
she attended her sister Who Is i'll.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
The New Negro Politician
~ SAMUEL S. TAYLOR, associate editor

these and appearances the political horl
zon forecast new Negro politician The time not far distant
when Negro politicians will be able and willing to think IN
terms of the body polite and not in terms of race
As necessary leadership of the is, Negro can
hone to 20 politics of the city state representative
of Negroes The their repesentatv not
proportion the Negro vote itself
into the total vote with the city state
the sole concern that proportion will the Negro into
proportion Of leadership and public service Following this
star IL will surprising Herman Tamadge enlarge
his Negro percent
AS Goethe supposed to have said in the last analysis
sTEvery his value himself"
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
Cop Indicted
Continued from pare one

'ont'nued from page one
is All Ash Lane.
In his first statement, about the
shooting, Ray said that when the
Negroes began grumblng several
OF them put their hands in their
pockets in a manner which he
said appeared threatening
Il showed my badge and order
ed the men TO remove their hnnd
from their pockets" he said
When the Negro identified later
as Curry started to rise and | saw
what ! thought was knife being
drawn from his pocket, fired
No knife was found in Curry
pocket after the shooting.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09


1914, employment of Negroes in
civilian jobs increased about
million and almost three quarters
of a million were entering the
armed forces" the Review article
says.
"A significant shift occurred
from farm to factory as well as
considerable upgrading of Negro
workers, many of whom received
their first opportunity to perfoi m
basic factory operations in a semi
skilled or skilled capacity.
The characteristic coneentra-
ton of Negroes in farming, do
nestle service and nonfarm labor
groups has been greatly modified
since 1910. Approximately 7 out
of 10 employed in 1910 were in
those occupations, whereas in 1914
and 1947 the proportion was only
slightly more than out OF 10.
During World War II. substan-
tial numbers of Negro workers
shifted over to higher paying,
more attractive jobs in industry
and to lesser extent into white
collar occupations.
These advances were CONSOLE
dated during the immediate post
war years, and in April 1877 the
broad occupational distribution of
employed Negroes closely rcsum-
bled the wartime distributions.
The wartime movement Of Ne
gro workers out Of agriculture to
meet expanding industrial needs
has brought the proportion down
to less than ! in s. Al the same
time, the movement Of Negro men
and women to factories as semi
skilled operators was even more
pronounced than that of white
persons
Most of the wartime gains in
occurred in the metals, chemicals,
and rubber groups of the NUM-
tons industries" the report states
Yet the proportion employed in
industrial jobs as craftsmen and
operatives was about the same in
l947 as dudring the war. As a.
mong whites, Negroes secret
sharp gains IN the nomination!
manufacturing industries durinl
this period"
Another striking change which
occurred after 1910. the stud,
shows, is the drop in the employ
mcnt of Negroes as domestics
Before World War II, over 10 DC
cent Of Negro women employee
elsewhere than on farms wcr,
engaged as domestics. This pro
, portion dropped sharply to les
than SO percent in 1914 and re
MANNED at this level in i947.
/ At the same time. there was
si2able increase in the proportion
OF Negro women employed a
/ boau,icians, cooks, and waitrcsse
and in other service establish
ments
another article. which cover
industrial employment during an,
after the war, finds that "althoug
all industry divisions except min
ing employed more workers il
l947 than in 1929, rates of growtl
varied widely among industries.
Manufacturing and Government
increased their shares of nonfarn
employment; mining, construction
and utilities lost ground relative.
lyT and trade and service retain.
ed about the same proportion
each year.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
White Primary
Continued from page one


for nomination of candidates for
federal and state offices
The lower court found that pri-
or to the repeal of the primary
election statutes, the Democratic
party of South Carolina was SUBJ
ject to federal control and that
the Negro electors who were qua
lifted had the right to vote for
elected officials, which right was
secured and protected by the Fed
eral Constitution. The court also
found that the repeal of these pri
mary election statutes by South
Carolina did not change the sta
tus of the Democratic party in S.
Carolina.
Judge John j Parker of North
Carolina wrote the opinion of
the three Judge Circuit Court of
Appeals, declaring:
mo election machinery can be
up held if its purpose or effect is
to deny the Negro, on account of
his race or color, an effective
voice in the government of his
country, or state or community
wherein he lives"
Judge Waring. in the lower
court held that primaries con-
stitut the real elections in South
Carolina.
Agreeing with this decision,
Judge Parker's opinion reiterated
that the political philosophy of
the Declaration of independence
is that governments derive their
just powers from the consent of
the governed"
This cannot be considered as
an isolated case" said Thurgood
Marshall. 1t is another step in
the long struggle TO secure re-
cognitlon of the right of Negro eli
tlzens to participate in the choice
OF elected officials. The affirming
OF the lower courts decision by
the United States Circuit Court #
Appeals again points out that the
18th, IA, and 18th Amendments to
the Constitution were enacted for
the purpose of removing discrimi,.
nation against Negroes and pro-
tecting all their rights from dis
elimination because of race.
In many states, various meth
DDS were devised to prevent Ne
groes from voting. two of which
are familiar to all These were
discriminatory registration statu-
~ wa "iiiNli lIlC ATIdIlQlIInGT
Clause was an example, and
white primaries maintained BY
the Democratic party.
The Texas primary decision by
U. 5. Supreme Court in April 1914
outlaWed the white primary as
maintained by state statute. This
opinion in the South Carolina case
outlaws the white primaries of
the so-called private club varic-
ty, We understand that lawyers
for the other side. VINO have now
lost in the lower court and in
the Circuit Court OF Appeals, Will
appeal for final decision to the U.
S. Supreme Court"
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
Tajmadqe Would Vote 10 or IS 20 Negroes
Nv SAMUEL s. TAYLOR. associate editor

Nv SAMUEL s. TAYLOR, associate editor
In striking with the progressive attitude OF Arkan
ems of Alabama to eliminate the Ne
gro vote by manipulation of decentralization laws The DAILY
Press reports Herman Tamadge Georgia in favor course
similar to that Tanadge is further quoted fav
orng the voting IS 90 whites and 10 to 10 per
cent Negro.
Little realize it, this to be an improvement
- mo traditional Talmadge attitude didn't that
smadee would of Negro vote Taking every
thing into think can be safely said without
irony or any of unpeasantness that Mr. Talmadge
making progress.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
Negro Gains

Continued from page one
lima, ID; Virginia. 10; Louisiana
and Georgia . each.
state conferences were held in
" states. and regional conferences
IN San Frisco. Charleston. S C.,
and New York City The organiza
ton OF college chapters in seven
mixed or all-white colleges. head
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
Pulaski County
Training School
In Big Program

New Years Day was observed
at Pulaski County Training School
d D. Hawkins. principal. with an
Emancipation program presented
by the seventh grade Alice Bow
ers introduced the program. Jas.
Oliver, Lillian Kimble, Erma jean
Dedman were chief pei formers,
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09

Continued from page one

Postwar Trends in Negro En-
ployment' is one of the 10 max .
ing up specialized section de-
voted to Labor Force Changes
and Employment Outlook
Advances made by Negro work.
ers include increased employment
In civilian Jobs. a significant shift
from farm to factory. and con.
siderable upgrading
Between April 1910 and ApriI
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
Kangaroo Broad Jumper

The kangaroo is a broad jumper
par excellence, but when II comes
to high jumping he's not so hot He
can broad Jump over 80 feet but
has difficulty clearing . I foot
fence,
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
EDITORIALS
Primary Voters Can Vote Only One Way
n SAMUEL .. TAYLOR, associate editor

~ SAMUEL s. TAYLOR, associate editor
Henry Wallace is obviously fair to the Negro that MS
of independent candidacy tempts many But
is equally that the Negro votes in the Democratic "
mary hold his place there only by an answering loyalty "
the Democratic Party and its candidates
Arkansas like other states in our section Is one
parv has accepted the Supreme Court decisions WIFI
out reservation and without suberfuge lh acceptance
fine gesture establishes for the Negro Democrat desr
nkatus-ouo which will not lightly toss away.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1948-01-09
GIRL SCOUTS

The Girl Scouts enjoyed many
activities during the holidays.
Evening star., 1948-08-27
Small Things May Be Importont

1t is not surprising that Alger Hiss and
Whitaker Chambers have evidenced some
difficulty In recalling detailed happenings
of fifteen years ago. But Mr.. Hiss is wrong
in assuming that it Is unimportant to
know the truth about such things as leases,
automobile transactions and other matters
referred to in previous testimony, The
important issue at the outset of the in
quiry was whether or not Mr.. Hiss was
member of the Communist underground
as charged by Mr. Chambers To that issue
now has been added another important
one: Which of these two men has COM
mitted perjury before the House I'm
American Activities Committee? And both
questions hinge in large measure on what
actually were the relations between Mr..
Hiss and Mr. Chambers in the disputed
period.
The committee is thoroughly justified in
plugging away at the task of finding out
who is lying about the circumstances OF
Mr. Chambers occupancy of the Hiss
apartment, about the much discussed
automobile deal, about the date when the
pair held their last conference and about
any other seemingly trivial matters. Even
allowing for natural lapses of memory,
there Is no room for such conflict in the
stories of Mr.. Hiss and Mr.. Chambers as
marked their sworn testimony Wednesday.
How could Mr. Hiss forget that he weep
ingly refused Mr.. Chambers plea that he
break with the Communists, If such q
scene actually took place? How could he
fail to remember giving his automobile to
the Communist Party If such a gift was
made as averred by Mr. Chambers? How
could Mr.. Chambers have occupied Mr..
Hiss apartment rent-free, in difference to
his superior position in the underground,
rs alleged by Mr. Chambers, without Mr..
Hiss recalling that arrangement?
All of these and a number of other
significant incidents have been sworn to
by Mr. Chambers and vigorously denied
under oath by Mr. Hiss If the committee,
by persistent digging into the past, can
prove which one of these witnesses is
lying, the major questions will be solved
automatica II Mr.. Chambers Is the liar,
Mr.. Hiss will be exonerated of the grave
charges rejecting on his loyalty to the
Government and on his personal integrity.
II Mr.. Hiss Is the liar, Mr.. Chambers will
be vindicated. The committee should spare
no pains in endeavoring to find out which
of these men is perjurer, even If it
means raking over apparently minor
events Of decade and half ago.
Evening star., 1948-08-27
Paying for Airlines


From what have been able to learn the air
lines are supported altogether too much from
the public purse. When they need airports,
enlargement or modernization of present facili-
ties new signal or landing guide systems, they
set up howl Sooner or later some municipal
ity or Government body steps in and provides
whatever is needed at public expense The
taxpayer pays the bill.
Now at the same time we hear the trouble
the railroads are having in modernizing as
rapidly as they would like to because they
cannot afford It, No one would think of asking
municipality or Federal agency to pay for
such facilities for the railroads. They all chip
in together and build union stations; they
install their own signal systems. rail yards, etc.
Since such facilities are privately owned, the
various railroads at once begin paying taxes
into the public purse Even If they just improve
their existing facilities the appraised valuation
of their properties rises and thus taxes increase
They produce income for the taxing bodies on
such items, whereas the air lines are an expense
for the same items. On other property such
as their planes, trains and the like both are
treated the same
Despite all the taxpayer apparently pays 70
support the air lines, in contrast to what the
taxpayer receives from similar facilities owned
BY the railroads, the air lines are losing money.
For a long time the air lines have advertised
that air transportation Is only about ~
expensive rs nrst class Pullman travel. The
Evening star., 1948-08-27
What Next in Greece?

The short and long term aspects OF the
Greek problem are strikingly revealed in
two current news items appearing simul-
taneously. The first of these is an an
nouncement by the Greek General Staff
that the long and arduous campaign
against the Communist rebels in the
mountains along the Albanian border is
entering its final victorious phase. The
second item is detailed report by the
United Nations Special Committee on
the Balkans indcting Greece's neighbors
for their support Of the rebels and pre-
dieting that, so long as this unneutral
conduct persists, the security of Greece
and the Balkans will be endangered.
If Greece were an island or If 1t had
friendly neighbors. the Communist rebel
lion there would long since have been
crushed and the country we'll on its way
to rehabilitation Unfortunately, the
rebels have been instigated, supported
and sheltered by the three Balkan states
which border Greece on the north; that
Is. Albania, Bulgaria, and YugoSlavia.
This is established incontrovertibly by
the report of the U. ~ watchdog COM
mittee," which for nearly year has been
observing and studying the situation on
the ground. Set up by the U. N General
Assembly, the committee has been sys-
tematically attacked, boycotted, and him
dered by the entire Soviet bloc to which
Greece's Balkan neighbors all belong.
The current military situation exem-
plifes what the U. N. commission has In
mind Although the last rebel resistance
in the Grammos mountains is being
mopped up, the bulk of the rebel forces
have escaped into Albania, including their
leader, Markos Valiades. The evidence
clearly shows that those forces remain in
being, under Albanian protection, and
there is nothing to hinder them from re-
newing their attack by crossing the Greek
border at some other point, possibly from
Yugoslav or Bulgarian territory. Greece's
northern frontier extends for several hum
dred miles-a stretch far too long to be
effectively fortified and garrisoned from
Greeces slender resources. Since the
border is nearly all rugged mountains, the
rebels could easily seize some inaccessible
sector, and the laborious work OF expelling
them would have to be repeated. So long
therefore, as Moscow's Balkan satellites
keep on their present course in defiance Of
the United Nations, the current victory
over the rebels Is inconclusive and Greece
will continue to be threatened with the
Communist menace to its peace and
security.
Nations and to our own foreign policy
Evening star., 1948-08-27
Simple Bible Story Preferred

To the Editor OF The Star:
There goes that million years" story
again-the effort to trace mans beginning to
a source utterly foreign to the Bible narrative
1t isn't that we mind reading the same round
of estimates over and over again without even
an occasional breath of refreshing variation
it is that some of us would be profoundly obliged
by an appeal to facts, known facts, hard. cold
facts of indisputable authenticity and an actual
tracing through time and place back through
these alleged millions of years"
Your editorial, Five Human Species" for
instance, quotes DR.. Loren E. Eiseley of the
University of Pennsylvania thus, The earliest
trail of man goes back 100000 years. A
rather dogmatic statement this. Does Dr.
Eiseley know? Or is he guessing? And will
he tell us which?
Again ask, is there any one in your reading
audience who knows and who will on the basis
of factual information, share such knowledge
with the rest OF us?
1t would be informative to know at least how
these experts think they can be so sure Of their
exporting.
So far we find our faith in the relatively
simple Bible story much to be desired above
the fantastic array of hypothetical estimates.
DONALD F.. HAYNES.
Evening star., 1948-08-27
The Fishermen
By Thomas X. Henry

The patina OF time Is on their weathered
tualnnt-colored faces,
And on their rough onarled hands the
calIuses OF many years,
Who no,o In declining light mend nets NTH
touch all gentle
And all loving, though stared upon by
tourist eyes from piers.
The Dords they say are teto, for there Is
not much left for saying,
The gulls, familiar, almost tame, rest
there NTH ,oide impassiDe eyes,
As gently beneath the lilac dusk, the
harbor matters ldpping,
Far city clocks strike seDen and ths
daylight quietly dies.
The daylight dies along the wharpes and
ro1o the sea smell deepens;
One after one soft golden lights bloom
here and there,
And oDer all sense OF peace and days
Uork finished,
And from the oalIeys drift OF cooking
onions In the afr.
FREDERICK EBRIoHT.
Evening star., 1948-08-27
Failure of Intelligence

To the Editor OF The Star:
I often wonder why the good Lord decided
to breed the human race without benefit OF
long tails dangling from the ends of their
spines. Maybe our ancestors gradually wore
them completely down sitting around wonder
ing how they all could get to the top to
become rulers. Maybe it took millions of years,
but they finally got there. Now they do not
know how to handle their success, after all.
All their brains and intelligence do them no
good. They are still like their meanest and
greediest prehistoric ancestors, perhaps worse.
Today there is power and ability to make what
we eat and need to exist, yet, like the animal,
who had to take his chances to live or die,
we snarl and kill at every opportunity for a
share of piece of raw meat Human beings
should be bigger and better than this. If we
cannot figure better ways out than we have
been doing since our birth, then let us 60 back
to the jungles where we belong.
r. w. KAUCHER.