davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-12-01
Cuen University Revived

Many Americans, including tourists who
visited the city in the years between the
two World Wars and soldiers who par
ticipated in the liberation of Normandy
in 1914 will be interested in the revival Of
the University of Caen. Like almost every
other important structure in the neigh
borhood, the Palais which was it's home
was demolished in the operations imme-
diately following D-day. The museums,
libraries, manuscript collections accumu-
lated there were destroyed All that re-
NAMED after the tide of battle passed was
dust and ashes. Now, however the famous
school is rising from disaster. The corr
nerstone of a new building recently was
laid
This means that an important link be-
tween the great cultural centers of France
and England is being restored. The Uni
versity of Caen was established by King
Henry vi as an English institution on the
model of oxford and Cambridge. It's date
was 1882, according to some historians;
1896, in the opinion of others. To the
original faculties of canon and civil law
there soon were added theology, medicine
and arts. Though the whole enterprise
was designed to rival Paris, and spokesmen
for the latter at the Council of Basle de-
manded the suppression of Caen, the two
academies had bonds of mutual Signifl-
canoe from the start.
Proof of their interrelation is discernible
in the fact that when the French drove
the English out of Caen in 1850, the uni
versity was allowed to continue as before.
Charles VII reorganized the foundation on
October 80, 1452, and 1t thereafter enjoyed
the same privileges as other French
universities
The religious wars hurt the entire COM
munity grievously, and the revolution
closed the university in 1894. A hundred
years elapsed before the school was re-
established. Then for half century it
prospered as a flower of modern Norman
civilization-until the cataclysm of four
years ago. The new structure will stand
on hill overlooking the remnants of the
ancient city of Caen. American libraries,
it has been announced, are contributing
books and the British House Of Commons
has donated valuable French documents.
Evening star., 1948-12-01
Red SPLITTING of Berlin

Whatever may lie behind it, the setting
up of a separate city government for
Berlin by the Russian backed and doml-
mated Communists is a development with
grave implications.
This action was typically totalitarian
fouting of legalities. The new So-called
city government was elected" by tumul-
tuous mass meeting of local Communists
and fellow travellers assembled In large
auditorium in the Russian sector the Red
ticket being passed by acclamation. No
such electoral procedure is permitted under
the constitution approved by the four
occupying powers, which provides for
regular elections every two years unless
disapproved by the unanimous vote of the
occupying powers" Such an election with
normal voting procedure is scheduled for
next Sunday, when the present legally
elected city government will be replaced
according to the ballots of the voters.
That, at least, is the legal aspect of the
situation, which will be respected by the
three Western Powers in their sectors of
the city. But this election has been
denounced, not only by the local Com
munists but also by the Russian author
tiles, who wholeheartedly back the new
Communist regime. And the present city
government was long since forced to quit
the city hall in the Russian sector, owing
to Communist violence, and take refuge
In the Western sectors This was because
1t was stanchly Communicative
result of city-wide elections two years age
IN which the Communists Jared badly
And it is rather obvious that, if genuine
elections were to be again permitted, the
Communists would fare even worse. That
Evening star., 1948-12-01
Denies Gradual Evolution

To the Editor OF The Star:
May comment on your editorial on Novem-
ber "a with reference to the election of Levi
Jackson as Yale football captain and the
pledging of Negro to an Amherst fraternity?
The burden of your comment is that these
incidents are proof that improved race re-
lations can only come from gradual evolution,
unhampered BY pressure of any sort, includ-
ing legislation.
But yours is too easy q naturalization.
Look at the context of these events. They
are contemporaneous with the Civil Rights
Report, party platforms which advocate Civil
Rights and other pressures which seek to high
light the need for equality for the Negro. II
these pressures were not in existence it is
doubtful that the men of Amherst and Yale
would have taken their forward steps. The
American people now are really aware and
the awareness has come from pressure.
The glibness of your explanation is exposed
by the facts at Amherst. AS a result Of alumni
action, the role of fraternities was re-examined.
All fraternities are required to remove dis
criminatory clauses from their charters and
constitutions by 1851; noncompliance means
dissolution. This action by Amherst Is equiva-
lent to an FEPC. AS an Amherst alumnus OF
the unenlghtened era, am proud OF the col
lege action and its results.
can assure you that Negro never would
have become member of a fraternity unless
the college had decreed against discrimination
in its own community.
The situation at Yale is somewhat similar.
Yale abolished all fraternities and set up the
college" system whereby all students regard
less of creed or race are mingled in the various
colleges" which in q sense approximate fra
ternity houses.
Without this forced mixing Of races and
creeds, the ability to recognize an individual
on his own merits regardless of creed or color
might not have developed in men, many Of
whom come from environments that still prac-
ice intolerance.
No, the gradual evolution theory is not
valid America failed to progress in race
relations during the 10 years of trial Of the
gradual theory. In the last 10 years when
pre- has been growing and FEPCs were
set w. in many States, and in the Nation during
wartime, actual and concrete results have been
obtained History already has shown that
the gradual evolution theory Is without basis.
You are in error in ascribing success in race
relations to disproved theory.
E. ERNEST GOLDsTE1N.
Evening star., 1948-12-01
Ballad Stoirs

Ballads come dopn the little trinding stairs
OF history, and out the postern gate
Set in the iuy-n,antled ,cal, Uhsre pairs
OF lovers tryst, and courters yet toatt;
Where the Black Douglas throOs his bradle-
rein
Orer hawthorne bough, ,ohere poor
Mad Thomas sings
Where Rosan1und a,odtts her cup OF pain,
And the tiDa corbies spread their eun
1cings.
OF the proud legions who haze passed the
door
OF the great entrance whsrs the torches
burned,
MANI are lost and come this Day no more,
For all their sprigs OF broom and ring
stones turned,
While loDer and lady, troubndor and clovn
Along the ballad-stdtrs come softly doUn.
YETZA GILLESPIE.
Evening star., 1948-12-01
brouglA >~n a nee-point buck with a

brouglA ~wn n~e-point buck with a
single shot.
There is not husband worthy of the
clan whose heart will not bleed for Mr..
Shoaff in his predcament. At last report,
he was still away hunting. But his home
coming, if he returns empty handed, raises
a prospect from which the most hardened
husband will close his eyes and turn away
One cannot even bring himself to think Of
the remarks that poor Mr. Shoaff will have
to listen to. He faces future of anguish
and torment, unrelieved by single ray of
hope unless it may consist of the fact
that he lives in Pennsylvania, not Texas.
Evening star., 1948-12-01

Frank Brett Moves

Mr.. Noyes was the survivor of a group
OF men who Influenced the course OF
Journalism in the United States. He lived
long enough to see visionary idea win
the acceptance of tradition among sue
ceeding generations of newspapermen.
The idea was that the news which flows
over press association wires throughout
the country and large part OF the world
today should be factual and unbiased; |;
that no man or group of men, in govern
ment or in private life, should be able to
control that news or to shade 1t IN
reflection of personal political, economic
or religious views.
It was that idea which brought about
the founding of the Associated Press OF
1898, subsequently reorganized in 1900 as
the present Associated Press. AS young
man Mr.. Noyes became one of its crusading
disciples and his activities In the bitter
newspaper fights of the, day brought him
into the Associated Press as an incorpo-
rating director and its president for
thirty-eight years.
Looking back, on the twenty-flfth ami
versary of the Associated Press, Mr.. Noyes
wrote: 1T Is hard to realize after the
passage of so many years the intensity
OF feeling at that time in newspaperdom." :"
But an issue had been drawn between
men who did control the wire news, who
were accused of shading it to suit their
own interests, and those who fought to
free 1t from such control. AS he saw 1t
at the time, the issue was whether the
newspapers of the country should be "at
the mercy of a privately owned news
collecting and distributing agency
as to news received, whether it should be
honest or perverted, whether 1t should be
impartial or biased, whether 1t should be
Influenced by the interests and the opinions
of It's owners" and "the press OF the United
States and the people OF the United States
be subject to the unrestrained will Of
individuals or any individual so far as
press association news is concerned"
For him, the early struggles OF the
Associated Press and rA later success
resolved the issue in principle. He spent
q good part Of his life guarding the
application of that principle and fighting
for it aggressively. He sought to apply
his own strict conceptions regarding the
integrity of the news report. He looked
on his service with the Associated Press
as public service; on his office as a
public trust Few men of his time so
closely coupled the guaranty of freedom
of the press with the public responsibility
imposed by that freedom. Few news
papermen have been more jealous OF their
calling, more intolerant of practices re-
fecting on its good name.
His earliest pleasures as child we're
his journeys to The Star Office with his
father He began work with the paper
as a boy and for thirty-eight years he
was president of The Star Company
resigning earlier this year to become
chairman of its board of directors. The
Star owes him much for the wisdom of
his guidance, for his high-minded integrity
and his unbending strength of character
His death is loss that is shared by all
of those who came to know something of
the code which shaped long and useful
Ife
Evening star., 1948-12-01

mendation by all sincere Americans The more
such menacing methods of Communists are
understood by our people, the less chance will
Government officials, weak Protestant preach
ers, misled superintendents of schools and
boards of education have to nullify and de-
stroy the American concept Of living.
It would be well for all sincerely patriotic
men and women of America who believe that
still-existing American freedoms are worth
maintaining for ourselves and our posterity
to get and read the brief booklets on COM
munism distributed by the House Un-Amer-
lean Activities Committee.
FRANKLIN T. MILES.
Evening star., 1948-12-01
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

Q. What was the signiiance Of the express
sion Waving the bloody shirt"7-J. r. r.
A. The term, bloody shirt" was used to
describe attempts In political campaigns (espe-
cially 1872-1870 by radical Republicans 10
defeat the Democrats by impassioned 6ratory
designed to keep alive the hatreds and pref
udices Of the Civil War period.
@. Please name some famous people VINO
made recordings on cylindrical ,records-E. o.
A. Such divergent figures as Queen Victoria,
Gladstone, P. r. Barnun, Florence Nightin-
gale and Edwin Booth made the cylindrical
wax records, more or less perfected about 1888.
@. Where is the most powerful radio station
in the world?-B. F.
A. The most powerful station in the world
Is said to be the 2,500 kilowatt Stain transmit
ter located somewhere in the Ural Mountains.
Outside the Soviet Union 1t Is called Big
Bertha.
O. How many telephones are there in the
United States?-G. B.
A. The total number Of telephones In the
United States Is 36580,000.
O. How many species OF food fishes are there
In the United States?-G. H. T.
A. About 80 species Of food fishes known by
more than 100 different names are native Of
the United states and surrounding waters, &C.
cording to the Fish and Wildlife Service.
@. What Ia the most remote island Of the
British Isles?-B. N. z.
A. The most isolated Inhabited island Of
Great Britain Is Fair Isle, lying between the
Orkney ana Shetland Islands, northeast Of
Scotland. It has an area Of six square miles.
Evening star., 1948-12-01
APPRECIATION for judge Raedy

To the Editor Of The Star:
have just about completed a hve-week
stint on jury duty in the court of Judge Ellen
X. Raedy. I think it is ones civil duty to
serve when called, and have found the ex-
perience most interesting and educational, to
say the least, even though a trif1e nerve
racking to feel that am partially responsible
for the liberty, or curtailment Of it, regarding
another human being. It seems q little like
trying to play God.
I have, however, a purpose in writing this.
, Judges are frequently subject to adverse criti-
cism and recriminations I have never yet
heard of one being commended I am ap-
pointing myself committee of one to do just
that in favor of her honor.
She listens attentively to testimony and
recital of evidence with quiet dignity and,
from observation, should say she Is most fair
in her handling Of a case whether by decision
or Jury. The attorneys, pro and con, show
her rulings every Difference and respect her
Judgment In fact, the attitude of the various
lawyers seems to be one of satisfaction to be
able to try q case under her jurisdiction.
Although firm in her stands, she also seems
to favor tolerance and consideration when q
situation warrants it. On occasion she dis
plays quick sense of humor CONTRARY to the
general conception of the austerity of q
judge, which requisite, should say is quite
an asset in combating the naturally depress-
ing type of her work. This trait also gives
one an insight into the fact that Judge can
be human, humane and q judge at one and
the same time.
Al, offender can be fairly certain Of q fair
and Just trial and sentence in Judge Raedys
court-and I, for one, hope shall again have
the privilege of serving in like capacity under
her. H. L. H.
Evening star., 1948-12-01
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and> address OF the
wrtter, although 1t Is permissible for
a sDrtter kno,Dn to The Star to use
a nom de plume. Please be briet.
Evening star., 1948-12-01
Questions and Answers

A reader can get the answer to any question Of
fact By writing The Washington Star Information
Bureau, 3l6 street NE.. Washington 2, D. C..
Please inclose cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1948-12-01
Communist Atheists Listed

TO the Editor Of The Star:
In The Star Of November 26 Robert Scott
cites the Archbishop Of Yorks belief that
Communists can accept God. But do they?
Ask Stain in Russia, Tito in Yugoslavia,
Togliatti in Italy, Duclos in France or vinadios
in Greece These authentic made-in Moscow
Communists all are outspoken in their atheism.
Moreover, communistic North China, Yugosla-
via and Russia itself have been bitter persecu-
tors of religion and energetic in propagating
atheism. What one encounters SO regularly
in Communist practice must be an inseparable
part of Communist doctrine, as Stain himself
has frankly insisted. ROBERT F. KOCH.
Evening star., 1948-12-01
Bulaarian Point of View


70 the Editor Of The Star:
Would you permit me to make few remarks
on your editorial, I'VE Admonish Bulgaria"
published on November 26? You state that
the Bulgarian government has suppressed
"basic fundamental freedoms" and quote as
evidence the recent sentencing to prison Of
nine Socialists" and last years sentencing to
death OF N. Petkov.
During the last four years you have given
. great deal Of space in your paper to Bulgaria,
but you have never mentioned how enthu-
siasticaly our people are building their country
economically and culturally. You do not in
form your readers that several irrigation and
electrification projects, many new factories and
mechanized farms, new hospitals, schools
universities, theaters and libraries and a very
great number of kindergartens and nurseries
have been created in an amazingly short PERIOD
nor that imitation has been checked and that
the living standard OF all the people has been
rising in the new free Bulgaria.
You show interest in the fate only Of those
individuals who have tried to sabotage by IL
legal means the creative effort of the Bulgarian
people and to destroy the achievements Of the
revolution of September, 1914, which gave our
people full human rights, economic security
and internal peace and which opened the road
to prosperity for all.
For you, Petkov is q hero because he con-
spred against our government. But the
Greek Democrats or the Chinese Communists
who are fighting against corrupt and tyrannical
regimes are called bandits" in your paper
Shall I remind you of your Gen. Benedict
Arnold whom the British government con-
sidered a hero while the Americans of the
Revolution called him traitor?
You showed no concern for Bulgaria when
the Fascists were bleeding her white It is
small wonder that Bulgarians are skeptical
now about your sudden solicitude for their
welfare.
Bulgaria is a sovereign state and can be
"admonished' by no one. You can "admonish.
military juntas in certain countries which are
at the beck and call of foreign capitalists,
but not the Bulgarian government This
government has been elected by the Bulgarian
people who are mature politically and are
able to take care of their problems themselves.
They do not respond to pressure from abroad.
May I add that before the war saw in a
large European country sign which read
Dogs and Jews Not Allowed" Last week in
Richmond. Va, I saw a sign "Whites
Only find it unbecoming that American
newspapers lecture Bulgaria on democracy.
B. ATHANASSOv,
Charge dAf1aires of Bulgaria.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Mothers Club to Hear
FBI Official "Wednesday

Stanley J. Tracy, assistant direc-
tor of the Federal Bureau of Inves-
ltigation, will speak on juvenile prob
lens at 8:15 pm. Wednesday in the
Forty-third avenue School in Hyatts-
vile.
The Mothers and Teachers Club,
which is sponsoring the talk, will
hold a bushes meeting afterward.
The date is being shifted from the
usual Tuesday night because of the
election. There will be no special
period for consultation of parents
and teachers before this meeting.
Club officers and grade mothers
will meet at pm. Monday in the
cafeteria of the Gallatin Street
School with Mrs. John Goder, grade
mother chairman,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Fire Units, 7 Men Praised
For Plane Crash Rescue

Two District area men and the
Oxon Hill and District Heights
(Md) Volunteer Fire Departments
have been commended for their
prompt rescue action after a Navy
plane crashed on Fort Foote road
October 10.
The concentrations came from
Rear Admiral Glenn B. Davis, COM
mandant of the Potomac River
Naval Command.
Admiral Davis wrote Virgil G.
Armel, 7677 Fort Foote road Sc,
and John F. Kirby, TACO Fort Foote
road Sc, that he was recommend
ing them for an award by the Sec
rotary of the Navy.
The two men were cited for their
work in saving the planes pilot,
Chief Air Controlman w. G. Hunter,
despite flames which threatened to
touch off the planes gas tanks. Mr.
Kirby also was praised for turning
of the main battery switch.
The Oxon Hill Fire Department
received a letter from Admiral
Davis congratulating the f1remer
for promptly extinguishing the fire
and the District Heights Fire De-
partment Rescue Squad was com.
mended for prompt and efficient
removal OF the pilot to Casualty
Hospital. The pilot was discharged
from Bethesda Naval Hospital last
Thursday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Patent Office, Aiming at Greater Efficiency,
Works on 6-Month Program of StreumIininq

It was explained by others that
about IS per cent of the FAST 1922
United States patents are in need
Of Redistribution. The purpose
would be to reduce the field OF
seach by examiners who must seek
out similar or related patents when
an application for one is filed.
304 Glasses Of Patents.
Patents now are divided into 304
classes with 43,904 subclasses. Re-
vision work is carried on when posi-
BILE. Last year there was revision
of two classes and the year before
Of four. But the Office never has
had the personnel for a general re-
classification.
Another innovation resulting from
the survey has been the addition
of texts and test cases for practice
IN the training classes for new ex-
aminers.
The use of microfilm Is being
studied, which might do away with
so per cent of the file cases the
ONCE now uses. Records. work load
distribution, office procedure and
other features of the work are being
studied thoroughly.
The long term aim is a more eff
cent organization; the immediate
aim to reduce the backlog of patent
applications awaiting action. The
backlog on October IS stood at
1852 applications. That repre-
sented a reduction of about 1900
applications in the previous quarter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
By Froncis P. DouoIos

The Patent once is in the midst
of a six-month streamlining opera
ton designed to put it on a more
eficent basis.
A survey by the management
engineering firm of Wallace, CLARK
& Co., of New York has been under
way since the end of June. 1t will
be completed by the end of Decem.
Der.
Some recommendations already
developed are being carried out
based not only on the survey bu
also on staff suggestions. Othel
survey results have been reduced tt
reports and are being studied. Som,
recommendations are of the lont
term variety.
Congress Okayed Survey.
Congress. after committee con.
ferences with Col. Lawrence c
Kingsland, Patent Commissioner
directed the survey and appropri.
ated total of $4,000 for it.
So far model patent examin.
ing division has been set up; ar
improved operating manual ha.
been prepared by the staff and j.
being reviewed: a report on reclass-
flying patents and other measure.
to put the examining divisions or
a more productive basis has beer
written and Is being studied.
A personnel survey Is In process
affecting the examiners from whom
supervisors are drawn.
More Space Needed.
One of the recommendations al
ready made concerns working space
What recommendation was made
was not disclosed, but the Patent
Office position is that it needs an
additional $4,000 square feet.
Lack of adequate space has ham,
pered Patent ONCE operations since
the end of the war when part OF
the Office was brought back from
Richmond. 1t had been transferred
there as a war emergency measure
Last July the office had 162, 23s
square feet of space in the Com
merce Building. The staff num-
bered 1,945, or an average of 1874
square feet per employee.
On June %, 1910, the office had
1929 square feet of space and
1851 employees, or 1903 square feet
per employee.
Made Survey In 1926.
Wallace, Clark & Co. aided a
model" committee survey of the
Patent ONCE in 1926. The recon-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
IHecht Store to Mark
Year in Silver Sprinu

Dean Elmer Louis Kayser OF
George Washington University will
speak at ceremonies marking the
first anniversary of the Hecht Co.
store in Silver Spring at 1870 am.
tomorrow at the store.
Milton P. Schlesinger, store man
ager, will award a $500 scholarship
to Miss Joan Ford Of College Park,
Md. Miss Ford is one of a number
OF University of Maryland students
who worked at the store this sum-
ner