davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-08-15
World Court 10 Curb
6enocide Urged by
Catholic Peace Group

The need for An international
court with Jurisdiction to stop geno.
cide-the mass killing OF . distinct
group Of people-was brought out
last night by the Catholic Associa-
ton for International Peace.
Such q court would carry out the
unanimous agreement Of the United
Nations General Assembly in De-
cember, 1916, declaring genocide Z
crime under international law. The
delegates wanted no more whole
sale murder, like that OF the Jews
and Poles in World War II.
Since then, 4 seven-man commit.
tee has drafted treaty terms which
the Economic and Social Council
has Just begun studying in Geneva.
The finished product viii 80 to the
General Assembly in Paris, eventu-
ally perhaps to be ratified by 4
required 20 member nations.
In a statement on progress of the
genocide convention, the Ethics and
Juridical Institutions Committee Of
the Catholic Association suggested
that the question Of carrying 1t out
is most serious" It pointed out
that the draft committee approved
the international court principle by
only 4 to !.
Definition Alss DisputsA.
Objections raised to an interna-
tional court were principally on the
grounds of national sovereignty and
the belief that certain states would
refuse to ratify the treaty.
Since the United Nations has no
legislative power, such q court must
be established either by the con-
vention on genocjde or by amend
ment to the United Nations char
ter, the Catholic committee said.
The alternative to an interna-
tional court is prosecution in ma
tional courts, which may well be
impossible to rely on in States
where the crime has been COM
mitted," the committee said. But
rather than thwart . start toward
elimination of 7enocide. 1t might
be wise not TO insist On an intsrna-
tional tribunal Ut this time, the
group added.
Another disputed point IN the
convention n whether 70 include
political groups within the defiri-
ton Of the crime OF senocids. The
drafting committee did include It,
but by a. vote.
Iisfs Criminal Aeta
The committee agreed unani-
molsly that the destruction Of M.
tional, social and religious groups
falls in the framework Of serocide.
It also established Is criminal any
one Of four deliberate acts intend
ed to destroy the groups: ~ kill
ing members, "a impairing the
physical integrity Of members, ~
inflicting On members conditions Of
life aimed at causing their deaths
and a. imposing measures intend
ed to prevent births.
Although mass killing Of political
foes also was included, there were
objections on grounds these groups
lack the stability and homogeneity
Of other groups and that their in
clusion might threaten acceptance
Of the treaty by various govern
ments.
Admitting there is q real prob
lem, since q government might de-
stroy any group 1t desired and
escape punishment by insisting the
group was political, the Catholic
committee said 1t would be better
not to include ploitical groups un-
der the heading OF senocide II II
would lose the support Of nations
which otherwise would ratify the
proposal.
Evening star., 1948-08-15
Elmer Dovis to Discuss
Political Conventions

The future Of liberalism in the
light Of the three rece.lt national
political conventions Will be dis
cussed by Elmer Davis, wartime
chief Of the Once Of War Informa-
tion, At . pm. Tuesday 1t the
American Veterans Committee Club
house, 17S1 New Hampshire avenue
NV. Mr.. Davis covered the three
conventions for the American
Broadcasting Co.
The meeting will launch 4 new
northwest chapter OF the veterans
group. The meetings chairman will
Be Wadsworth Likely, 6622 Broad
street, Brookmont, Md, who has
taken an active part In World War
II yeterans' affairs.
Evening star., 1948-08-15
,.rt .nd pereth, cat., boz.

Robert and Dorothy Cate, boy.
James ana Mary Clark. siri.
Rene and Nancy Ceuisnan. boz.
Robert and Ruth Coz. bog.
Walter and Pernie crutchAelA, boy.
Elmer and Marianna Outright, boy.
William and Lucille Davis, boy.
John and Catherine Decor. til.
Charles and Mary Dyer. gil.
Kenneth and Carolyn Dykstra. boy.
Murray and sara Eden. Girl.
James and Marion Fayed, boy.
Jacob and Ruth Franz, girl.
hairy and Frances Friedman, sirl.
William and Ida FRYE, boy.
0onald ard Martha Gale, boy.
John and Marjorie Gidish. girl.
Oscar and Mary 0ileenhorn, boy.
Edmund and Marjorie Glenn, girl.
Lyle and Marian Gundy, girl.
Robert and Anita HAWKINS, shl.
Paul and Alice Heller, boy.
John and Betty Hepburn. boy.
Richard and Ernestine Holmes. boy.
Edward and Josephine Hughes. gi,l.
Richard and Hosalss Hunt. Giri.
Kunnar and Lois Jssdmann. Girl
Robert and Helen KEN. boy.
walter and Laura Konkle, sirl
Barnet and Reva Landau. girl.
Leslie and Kathryn Lanier, boy.
Salvatore and Ethel LAURA, boy.
Ms1gsn essDs and and pG.Gs' S.S. n.sns ssrSa .E .a
Samuel and Adele Littman, girl.
Eusene and Margte Logan, sirl.
Evin and Toxic Louk, girl
Spence and Margaret Luke. boy.
David and Edna Lusher, boy.
Carl and Ola Mangold, boy.
Earle ane. Hazel Manning, girl.
James and Pauline Matikas. boy.
Robert and Gloria McInernsy, girl.
Levi and Virgie McClanahan. boy.
James and Martha McWilliams, boy.
Howard and Ruth Melius. girl.
David and Audrey Mellott, boy.
Victor and Gertrude Mercosliano, giri.
Edwin and Susie Middleton, boy.
Albert and Mildred Miller, boy.
Evening star., 1948-08-15
Births Reported

Albion and Janet Ackad, boy.
Kenneth and Jane Addicott, girl.
Milton and Estelle Adds, tirl.
Mathew and Rose Ambers, girl.
Louis and Mary Banks, bog.
John and Inca Barber, boy.
Elmer and Edna Batzell, boy.
Henry and Aleta Bausman, boy.
James and Mabel Beattie, boy.
William and Ruth Billinssiey, girl.
John and Lucille Blissard, boy.
Carl and Hiida Bloom, eirl.
John and June Bonneli, boy.
Carl and Einice BoWser, Girl.
Sam and Roslyn Brecher, boy.
julius and Estelle Brown, boy.
Kenneth and Thelma Brown, girl,
George and Joan Burnham, sirl.
Chris and Beverly Ca1soyas, boy.
Evening star., 1948-08-15

Violet 3. osbofna -. -7oo 4 =. n.
joseph c. sehfidsr. -, 1855 oalIitin q.
James I. Fray. %, or,vsrton, ".
Thomas c. Grove, infant. CHEVY Chase.
Nd.
1n,.R: h.1,R. Pt.s: as. $40 5S.A. A.ssd.n 8 H., :,
:s frss 5sha:an asasea U.s. Aens:sn, assa sss1 =.
Massie NJ. Ricketts,, 81 1899 18th Ut. NV.
Eva Hardman. 81. 76 Cue ct. NV.
Evening star., 1948-08-15
ItoIian Mission Due
In Moscow Tomorrow
~ Ms Asseeisisd pssss

MOSCOW, Aug. 14.-A large
Italian trade delegation IL expected
here Monday to discuss reparation,
deliveries from italy to the Soviet
and to negotiate q treaty Of COM
rnerce and navigation.
Ugo Lamalfa, head Of the finance
and budsetary commission Of the
Italian Chamber Of Deputies. will
head the commission.
Evening star., 1948-08-15
Deoths. Reported

rron D. c. Bureau Of Vital statisties.)
Alfred David, "a. 22e Il st. ne.
Christine 8. Weber. HI. 37SI warren 1t.
Annis I. Brisgs. 70, so2S 2eth It. NV.
walter II. Lehman. 70. 1851 .Hoimead pl.
Minnie wynkoop, 70. Roundhill, W.
Joseph b. Harrington, o., 142a Seth st.
Evening star., 1948-08-15

Payments on your home are
made easy by renting q room.
Renting a room is made easy
by advertising in The Star.
Call Sterling 5000. Open 8 Am.
to 9 pm.
Evening star., 1948-08-15

Harold. and Ora acnahaa, boy.
Herbert and Rita MoormAn. girl.
kufus and Caroline Norsfl, boy.
Ernest and Doris Notta, boyy
James and MARY Mulcare, Siri.
,.,., Mn,ter and Mary Neville, girl.
Donald and Luella Paulsen, sirl.
Alfred and Anne PeAse, boy.
John and Mary Penn, bog,
Theodore snd Mary PopoWsky, boy.
Roco and Lorezina Pyoeaeeini. girl.
Wilson and Ann PufyeaI, boy.
Scott ard Jean Hsthorst, boy.
Donald and Regina Robertson, boy.
walter and Frances HoehoW, boy.
Harold and Mays Rcsenthal, girl.
Robert and Bessie Ruminer, Eirl.
Evening star., 1948-08-15
BY RED STAR
GREYHOUND
y


A gay weekend get away" 4.
o. q grand vacation are yours
right now At the Eastern Shore.
Lots to do lots to see and
the best way to 20 10 by Red
Star and Greyhound coaches.
Marion progress., 1948-11-25
THANKS FOR DONATIONS

The Nebo High School wish to
thank the following firms for the
nice donations made for the Harvest
Festival Friday night, Nov. 10:
McCall's Funeral Home, Harrison's
Drug Store, Frestone Home and
Auto Supply, McCall-Burgin Hard
ware Company, Smith Furniture
Company, Gordon Furniture Com
pany, Workman's Store, City Tire
and Appliance Company, Street
mans Drug Store, Wallace sc and
10c Store, Morrow's Jewellery Store,
L. D, Greene, Jeweler; Roses SC
and 10c Store, Belk-Broome Com
pany, Mcdowell Cut Rate Drug
Store, Johnson Electric Company,
Norris Clothing Company, Economy
Auto Supply. 1t
Marion progress., 1948-11-25
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

Having qualified as administrator
of the estate Of E. W. Cooper, de-
ceased, late of Mcdowell County
North Carolina, this is to notify all
persons having claims against the
estate of said deceased to exhibit
them to the undersigned at the Of
fices of Proctor and Dameron, at
torneys, Marion, North Carolina, on
or before the 26th day of November,
1949, or this notice will be pleaded
in bar of their recovery. All persons
indebted to said estate will please
make immediate payment.
This the 23rd day Of November,
1948.
WALKER COOPER,
Administrator of F. w.
Cooper, deceased.
Marion progress., 1948-11-25
Checker Champion
To Be at East Marion

Willie Ryan, Checker King from
New York City, will challenge local
checker players at Carroll Baldwin
Hall, East Marion, on Saturday
night, November 27, at eight o'clock.
John L. Goode, who is in charge
of arrangements, announced there
will be no admission and no charge
for playing with the champion. The
public is invited.
Marion progress., 1948-11-25
North Cove Students
Home For HOLIDAYS

Among the college students who
will spend Thanksgiving at their
homes in North Cove are: Miss Mary
Jane English, Woman's College
U. N. c.; Watson English, N. c.
State College; Miss Alma Mccall
Appalachian State Teachers College
Boone; Misses Kathleen Lonon and
Justine Good, Lees-McRae; William
English, East Tennessee State Col
lege, johnson City, Tennessee.
Marion progress., 1948-11-25
Mrs. Mary Moore
Recovering
From Recent Fall

Mrs. Mary Moore is recovering
from injuries suffered in fall last
Thursday. She fell on the pavement
near her home on North Garden
Street. Her ankle was injured and
she was bruised on her face. Her
condition was reported better this
week and she plans to leave within
the next few days for visit with
her daughter, Mrs. Sam HoIcombe,
in Statesville.
Marion progress., 1948-11-25
Musical Program
At Rotary Club

Gene Cole, case worker of the
North Carolina Commission for the
Blind, presented program of ac-
Gordon music at the weekly meeting
of the Rotary Club Friday.
Claude Miller, driver for the Blind
Case Worker, was a guest of the club
Dean Morgan, high school honor stu
dent, was also a guest.
Marion progress., 1948-11-25
HARVEST KINGS, QUEENS
CROWNED AT NEBO SCHOOL

Nebo School crowned the follow
ing Kings and Queens of Harvest al
festival held Thursday evening:
Primary grades: Helen Watson
queen; Johnnie Bumgarner, king.
Grammar grades: Jessie Lee Gar
land, queen; Jack Buff, king.
High School: Charlotte Robinson
queen; Kan Hicks, king.
Marion progress., 1948-11-25

Bees were introduced into Boston
as early as 1910.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-15
By the Associated Press

LONDON, July 15.-FollotDin1
is the tert OF the Russian reply
to the United States protest on,
the Soviet blockade OF Berlin as
broadcast in Russian last night
by the Mosco1D radio and record
ed and translated here by the
Sopiet monitor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-15
Continued From First Page1

due thousands of workers gathered
around the strike-bound Motto food
products factory. The police forced
the workers to return II rifles seized
from plant guards.
/ Spurred by Communist attacks
on the government crowd at Turin
tried to sack the Christian Democrat
newspaper Office. Police stopped
them.
Government Blamed.
In Rome, Naples and other places
Communist crowds listened to
vitriolic attacks on the De Casper
regime They blamed the govern
ment for the attack on Togliatti.
In Rome Luigi Longo, the man who
would likely succeed Togliatti in
the event of the latters death, said
the Christian Democrats had no
right to keep the Communists out
of the government.
The Rome crowd of 10000 cheered
when Longo read a telegram of
coincidence from Prime Minister
| Stain on the Togliatti shooting.
Many Communists marched to the
Polytechnic. Hospital where Togliatti
is a patient.
/ A Stain message broadcast from
Moscow said the Soviet Communist
Party was outraged by the shoot
ing and expressed regret that Tog-
liatti's friends we're unable to pro-
! tect him from 1.-The foul underhand
attack"
Giuseppe di Vittorio, Communist
/ boss of the labor confederation bit
terly accused the government of
being an accomplice to the Togli-
atti shooting. Christian Democrat
senator's denied the accusation.
/ Di Vittorio and Renato Bitossi,
another Communist labor leader,
met with Mr.. de Gasperi after the
morning parliamentary session. Ear
lier they conferred with President
Luigi Enaudi.
Togliatti Has Quiet Night.
The latest bulletin on the S.
year-old Togiatti said he spent a
quiet night.
Antonio Pallante, Is, held in the
shooting, was reported by police to
have confessed he came to Rome
five days ago to assassinate Togli-
att because he disliked the latter's
participate in the Cominform and
blamed him for post Liberation
Killings of Italians. Togliatti is
reputed to have given the order for
Mussoiini's execution.
Police said Pallante, member of
the Liberal conservative Party
until a year ago, told them he HAD
no accomplice.
But the Confederation Committee
in calling the strike issued COM
munique saying the attack was
strictly linked with scores of ag-
gressions and crimes waged against
union leaders who are doing their
duty TO defend the working classes"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-15
Printers in Chicago
Reject Arbitration
Offer as 'Capricous'
By the kssocioted Press

CHICAGO, July 15.-The Chicago
Typographical Union, on strike since
November "a against the city's
major newspapers, today rejected
what it termed "the carpricous
arbitration offer of the publishers"
John ]. Pitch, president of the
union, an affiliate of the Inter-
national Typographical Union,
said in letter to the publishers
association that the union position
will stand for unlimited duration. .
Mr.. Pitch called a news conference
to explain the unions stand on the
arbitration proposal. The publish
ers put it forward both in a letter
to the union and full-page adver-
tisements in the city's five struck
papers. The ads cited radio
broadcast by Mr.. Pitch in which he
urged arbitration.
Asks Wage Agreement.
In response to questioning, Mr..
|
ence to terms and interpretations
of existing contracts rather than a
new one. He suggested instead, as
he has in the past, that the publish
ers agree to a wage scale, that the
men 60 back to work, and that other
issues of the contract be ironed out
in subsequent negotiations.
I'VE are still DESTROYS of conclud-
ing legal agreement through COL
lective bargaining" Mr.. Pilch's letter
said And we are convinced that
agreement can be reached if the
publishers practice good faith in
stead of preaching It,"
How" Mr.. Pitch asked at the
conference, can they (the publish
erS arbitrate proposal if they
have doubts of the legality of the
propositions?"
Ready to Return.
The publishers have consistently
refused to reach wage agreement
that will put the men back to work
We stand ready at any time to
reach a wage agreement, put the
men back to work. and resolve the
other issues later"
He contended that from July 20,
1947. the date of the opening nego-
tiations, until April 2, 1913. we did
not receive a wage offer. The pub
fishers at all times tin that period
refused to discuss wages"
John O'Keefe. secretary of the
Publishers Association. refused COM
ment on Mr.. Pilch's letter until I've
had a chance to study it,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-15
FOUND

DOG. medium size. male, puppy. white
with black spots. black ears and one black
eve, collar: found Beverly Hills, Alexsn-
GLASSES, shell trimmed. pink. in brown
leather case from woodward & Lothrop's.
-. <6se.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-15

occupation which they entered dur
ing the period of military operation
in Germany and that had it fore
seen the situation which has arisen
in Berlin it would not have with
drawn its forces from these areas
However, the Government of the
United States knows very well that
by withdrawing troops to the con-
fines of the American zone as estab-
lished in the four-power agreement
on the zones of occupation in Ger
many, it merely fulfilled obligations
it had undertaken and fulf1llment
of which alone could give the U. S
A. the right to take her troops tc
Berlin.
"A perusal of President Truman's
letter to Premier Stain of June IA
l945, and Stains reply of June Is
1945, which was mentioned in the
note of the Government of the
United States, confirms that, &C.
cording to an agreement then
reached, troops of the U. S. A.
Britain and France obtained the
possibility of entering both Berlin
the capital Of Germany, and Vienna
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-15
Text of Russian Reply

the three powers with participation
of the Benelux countries, measures
are being carried out by the gov
ernments OF the U. s. A., Great
Britain and France aimed at split
ting and Remembering Germany
including the preparation now tax
ing place for the appointment OF q
separate government for the West
ern zones Of Germany and separate
currency reform carried out on
June Is OF this year for the West
ern zones of occupation.
"Inasmuch as the position which has
arisen in Berlin, as in the whole OF
Germany, Is a direct consequence OF
the systematic violation of decisions
of the Potsdam Conference by the
governments of the U. S. A., Great
Britain and France, as also of the
agreement of the four powers on the
control machinery in Germany, the
Soviet government must reject as
altogether unfounded, the declara-
ton of the Government of the
United States to the effect that
measures for restricting transport
communications between Berlin and
the Western zones of occupation OF
Germany, introduced by the Soviet
command to protect the economy OF
the Soviet zone from disorganiza-
ton, allegedly constitute a violation
of existing agreements relating to
the administra ton of Berlin.
4-Power Accord Cited.
"(2) The Government OF the
United States declared it occupies
its sector of BerliH by right deriving
from the defeat and surrender of
Germany referring in this connee-
ton to an agreement between the
four powers in relation to Germany
and Berlin. This only goes to con-
firm that existence of the above
mentioned right in relation to Ber-
lin Is bound up with obligatory full
flllment by the powers occupying
Germany Of quadripartite agree
ments concluded between them in
relation to Germany as whole. In
accordance with these agreements
Berlin was envisaged as seat OF
supreme authority of the four powers
occupying Germany and agreement
was reached on the administration
of Greater Berlin under direction
of the control council.
Thus agreement on quadripar-
tite administration of Berlin Is an
inseparable component part of the
agreement on the quadripartite ad-
ministration of Germany as a
whole. When the U. S. A., Great
Britain and France by separate ac-
ton in the Western zones of Ger
many destroyed the system OF
quadripartite administration in Ger
many and began to. create in
Frankfurt on Main a capital for the
government of Western Germany
they thereby undermined also the
legal basis on which rested the right
to participate in the administration
of Berlin.
Withdrawal Held Required.
1.-THE Government of the United
States points out in its note that
the right to stay in Berlin also is
based on the fact that the United
States withdrew its troops from GER
tain areas of the Soviet zone of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-15

tons the Soviet government, how
ever, deems it necessary to declare
it cannot link the start Of negotia-
lions with fulfillment Of any pre-
liminary conditions and that sec
ondly quadripartite negotiations
could only be effective If they were
not confined to the question Of adj
ministration of Berlin since this
question cannot be separated from
the general questions of quadripar-
tite control in relation to Germany
Notes of similar content were
sent July IA by the Soviet govern
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-15

on LHe MOSCOU TuutO UHu IcCOu"
ed and translated here by the
Soviet monitor:
Text of note of the Soviet
government of July IA replying to
the above mentioned note Of the
Government of the United States
of America:
q. The Soviet government has
acquainted itself with the note of the
Government of the United States OF
America of July 6 of this year In
which the situation which has at
present arisen in Berlin Is aScrlbed
to measures taken by the Soviet
side. The Soviet government can
not agree with this declaration OF
the Government of the United
States and considers that the sltua-
ton which has arisen in Berlin has
arisen as result of violation by
the governments of the Unlteo
States of America, Great Britain
and France of agreed decisions
adopted by the four powers in rela-
ton to Germany and Berlin, as ex-
messed in carrying out OF separate
currency reform, introduction OF
snecial currency notes for the west
ern sectors of Berlin ana a pollcy VI
dismembering Germany.
THE Soviet government repeatedly
warned the governments OF the
u S. A., Great Britain and France
of the responsibility which they
we're mourning by taking a path OF
violation of agreed decisions with re-
snect to Germany previously adopted
bv the four powers. The decisions
adopted at the Yalta and Potsdam
conferences as we'll as the agree.
ment of the four powers on control
machinery in Germany, set as tneli
main aim the standardization ano
characterization of Germany, under
mining of the very axis OF German
militarism and prevention OF the
revival of Germany as an aggressive
power, and hence conversion OF Ger
MANY into a peace-loving and demo-
cratic state. These agreements stip-
ulate Germany's obligation to pay
reparations and thus. even If only
partially, to compensate for the
damage done to the countries wnlcn
suffered from German aggression
In accordance with these agree
ments the governments of the four
powers accepted responsibility for
administering Germany and under
took to determine jointly the status
of Germany or of any areas, lnclud-
ing Berlin, which are part OF Ger
man territory, and to conclude q
peace treaty with Germany which
should be signed by government
of democratic Germany adequate for
that purpose.
Violation Of Accords Charged.
These highly important agree
ments of the four powers in rela-
ton to Germany have been vio-
lated by the governments of the
United States Of America, Great
Britain and France. Measures for
demilitarization of Germany have
not been completed and such an
important center of German in
dustry as the Ruhr- region has been
removed from control of the four
powers. Fulfllment of the decision
on reparations from the Western
zones of occupation has been dis
rupted by the governments of the
U. S. A., Great Britain and France.
BY separate actions of the govern
ments of the U. S. A.. Great Britain
and France, quadripartite control
machinery in Germany has been
destroyed. as the result of which
the control council has ceased to
function.
Since the London conference of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-15
Oder-Dunube Link Pushed

WARSAW R.-Poland, IN CO.
operation with Czechoslovakia,
hopes to start construction IN 1919
of the proposed canal to link the
Oder with the Danube River. This
would give landlocked Central
European countries an outlet both
to the Baltic via the Oder and to
the Black Sea via the Danube
River.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-15
THE EVENING STAR, Washington D. C. 80 As


ment through their Ambassadors IN
London and Paris to the govern.
ments of Great Britain and France"