davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

THIS is TO GIVE NOTICE. That the sub
scribers have obtained from the Orphans
Court of Garrett County. Maryland Letters
Testamentary on the estate of
CATHARiNE A. McGETTIGAN ;
late of Garrett County, Maryland. deceased.
All persons having claims against the des
ceased are hereby warned 10 exhibt the
same. with the vouchers thereof duly au-
thenticated. to the subscribers on or before
the 9Th day of August. 1913; they may
otherwise by law be excluded from all bene-
fit of said estate All persons knowing them
selves indebted to said estate requested
TO make Immediate payment.
Given under our hands this Bird cay Of
February, 1918.
PEARL i. RUSH.
Accident Maryland
VIRGIE b. GLOVER.
Cresaptown. Maryland
Executives
Advertisement 50-3t
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19
Classified Advertisements
MISCELLANEOUS

STRAYED r. From my place on
Saturday, small black heifer, thin,
with sale tag on ear. Hobart Harvey
Deer Park, Phone 243-J-5.-52-2 t%
TWENTY TWO YEARS in Invest
ment Banking. c all d. r. Fleming,
Mt. Lake Park. Oakland PSI, for in
formation on stocks or bonds-42-tf.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19
Answer Fire Alarm

The Oakland fromen answered one
alarm during the past week, a nue
fire at the home Of Leonard Dnls-
worth, in the Fred Wolfe property ON
9Th street last Saturday afternoon.
Who're was no damage.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19
WANTED

WANTED - House or apartment
Wellington Smouse, Mt. Lake Park
Phone G1-R-Adv 52-tf.
WANTED - Somebody to plant
crops en- shares. E. D. Ayres, Deel
Park, Md.-Adv. 52-2t.
WANTED - Girl or woman fol
general homework. See Mrs. Paul Nc
Intire, Second street, or call 236.
ADV. Soft.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19
COMMISSIONERS MEETING

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN That
he Board of County Commissioners
FOR Garrett County, Maryland, will be
in session for the transaction of all
routine business that may properly
come before them on
MONDAY AND TUESDAY
MARCH 1st and End. 1913.
BY order of the Board.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19
CARD OF THANKS

We wish to express our sincere
thanks and appreciation to those who
were so thoughtful and kind through
the illness and death Of our mother,
MIS-. Ethel Wrightsman.
We also wish to thank all those for
Che beautiful floral tributes and the
donation of the use of their automo-
hiles.
THE CHILDREN
Adv t+H
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19
LOST

LOST - Between Eglon and my
residence, pair pliers with exchange
able jaws. Finder leave at Republican
office, or my home. Reward. S. Snyd-
en-. route >. Oakland.-Adv. 50-3t%'
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19

John r. Carney and all persons hay
ing or claiming to have any inter
est in 80 acres Of coal assessed to
John r. Carney in Election Dis
trict No. II in Garrett County.
Maryland, said coal being under a
part Of a tract Of land called" Pa
tience' and being part of the same
which was conveyed to J. Ross Car
ney by 'deed from Edward II.
Sincell and wife dated November 4,
1921 and recorded in Liber L. Z. r..
No. so, folio 522, except that part
OF the property described in said
deed which was conveyed TO Alonzo
ID. Naylor by deed from Jesse j.
Ashby, Jr., Treasurer. dated April
II, 1910, and recorded in Liber A.
G. r. No. 122, folio 240
No. 1000 Equity In the Circuit Court
for Corrat+ County ATol.,-Io,od
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19

The County Commissioners Of Garrett
County, Maryland n corporation,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19
RICHARD L. DAVIS,

True Copy,
Test: Richard L. Davis, Clerk.
advertisement 48-5t.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1948-02-19

No. 1000 Equity. In the Circuit Coul
for Garrett County. Maryland
Evening star., 1948-06-17
Rail Stocks Advance
On Vote 10 Override
|BuIwinkIe Bill Veto
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

NEW YORK, June 17.-Railroad
issues pounded ahead of the rest of
the stock market today with gains
of fractions to around 2 points
after the House vote to override the
Bulwinkle bill veto.
Other groups developed a balky
,streak at the outset but later tagged
along after the carrier section.
Trading was fairly active. with the
rails accounting for a substantial
share of the days business.
Gulf. Mobile g. Ohio, one of the
most popular rail stocks, reached a
new high on a gain of around q
point and Central Of New jersey
hit a 194S peak with a gain of 2
points or"so.
Others higher included New York
Central, Southern Railway. Illinois
Central. Atlantic Coast Line. United
States Steel, Bethlehem Steel, Pa
tho Mines, Maracaibo Oil, General
Motors, North American Co., Amer
lean and United Airlines.
1SPoA viva oAPpCO w AO1o 1OW
and smaller prices appeared for
Montgomery Ward, Western Union,
Standard Oil (New Jersey. Gulf Oil
and Paramount Pictures.
Railroad bonds moved narrowly
in quiet market.
Cities Service stepped in front Of
the Curb, and plus signs were scored
for Creole Petroleum and Claude
Neon.
The financial district was cheered
by the approval of the Bulwinkle
bill. which will exempt railroads
and other common carriers from
antitrust prosecution for rates ap-
proved by the Interstate Commerce
Commission.
Evening star., 1948-06-17
Chicago Livestock

CHICAGO. lyme June II d1 .01 tuspA2;Es.l- ,Al:;
tive. 75.l;00. higher on weights up to
weishts less active and uneven; around
and choice I70-24o pounds, 26.75-27. 90;
soSso 51rSs p9Tands aosk s IsSsdso sHsSds
:2;so.ss. Is; @ soMs SOLE hisheI; h6a ,nS m9st
good and choice sows 3oo-450 pounds.
81 0O-"3. 90; 45o-60O pounds. 1880.
u 90; good clearance.
Salable cattle-4,0 900; total, 1000; SAL
able calves. 500: total 500; average good
and choice-fed steers and heifers steady to
strong; top steers, 25 higher at 1878 paid
tor choice to prime 1,206 pounds average;
bulk average good and choice steers.
90: 5o-3s.s5; choice heifsTs absent; odd
steady at 35.Oo-35. So. common medium
and low-good steers and heifers so lower:
very draggy; good beef cows steady. at
25 90 up; all others so lower; most beef
cows. 2000-23. so; Gamers and cutters,
1850 100; bulls weak to 25 lower at
$3.50 down; vealers at 5000: mostly
90 90 down: stock cattle dull. scarce.
Salable sheep-3,500; total. $500:
slaughter lambs slow; good and choice
grades generally steady, although top ma
except weights around l07 pounds un..
evenly lower; top and popular price good
and choice native spring lambs; 32 90:
fat bucks out at 81 90; lower grade spring
lambs. 21 50-31 90: good and choice shorn
lambs and yearlings carrying medium END,
2T15-2S 90; shorn slaughter ewes, 1900
down: heavies. 9.50-10.00.
Evening star., 1948-06-17
New York Cotton

NEW YORK. June II UPl.-Cotton fu-
lures moved lower in quiet trading today
Liquidation in nearby July along with
light commission house selling met scale.
down mill and local support.
There was further switching from
nearby July into later months anticipat-
ing first notice day next Thursday.
Most traders held to the sidelines pend
ing action by CONGRESS on foreign aid
funds, farm legislation and 4 81 10000, ,000
revolving fund bill for commodity pur-
chases by the Army.
Late afternoon prices were Is to 80
cents q bale lower than the previous
close. July, 36.2S; October, 32.99, and
December, 32.45.
Evening star., 1948-06-17
Washington Exchange

SALES,
Washing ton Gas common-75 at 1884,
Potomac Electric Power common-l5 At
1874, ~ at 1914
Washington Gas $3.50 preferred-s. at
PUBLIC UTILITY
Evening star., 1948-06-17
Chicago Grain

+ CHICAGO. June II eP.-Rains owe
Iowa and Nebraska, with moisture pre-
dicted for other sections of the Midwest
caused an easy undertone in feed grain
on the Board of Trade today. The rain
were believed to be particularly beneficial
! for oats, grainmen said.
|. Wheat held arm . good part Of the day
but weakened toward the close In sym
pathy with feed grains, July wheat wa
the firmest contract. Strength was bases
on re-entry of the Government into tn,
-four market on the Pacific Coast and
higher Government buying price for casl
wheat.
Wheat closed UNCHANGED to IA higher
July 2323s-h; corn was h.1as lower
July 935s-?4,, and soybeans were lower t.
higher, July AIS.
Chicaso Cash Market.
Wheat. none. Corn. No: ! yellow 2.35H
ss33e6M No No Z yellow. yellow. s35H; s,a Nc; ? yellow clio
mixed. l.23A-1. ga; No. 2 heavy mixed
1.24h;, No. mixed. 1.23M; No; ! white
1.24la-1.25. Barley, mailing, 2.1O-2 AZ
nominal; feed, 1.6O-1.s3, nominal. Nc
soybeans sales.
Evening star., 1948-06-17
Market Averages
BONDS. 20 10 10 10 !
FOREIGN Exchange

NEW YORK. June II GP.-Foreign ex-
enange rates follow (Great Britain in
dollars others in cents):
anadisn do,!ar o.a cent IN ssw ssconn ssso
United States cents, up u of a cent
Europe-Great Britain, 81 03h. un-
changed; France uranc), .32 1915 OF =
cent. UP .0Ois; Italy Qiral. June fixed
rate O01739, May ,OOl739; Sweden
(krona), 27s5, unchanged; Switzerland
ftranc) fcommerciaD, %. 40. unchanged.
Latin America-Argentina free, 25.O2,
up O2 of cent: Brazil free. $50. un-
changed; Mexico. 2O.61, UNCHANGED.
Evening star., 1948-06-17

New I948 Construction probably
will total about SIG, 400 900, 900, rise
of 17%o from last years volume
Producers Council
Evening star., 1948-06-17
Gas Sales Here Show
20.83 Per Cent Gain
Above 1947 Period
By Edword c. Stone

Sales of the Washington Gas
Light co. in the first five months
of the year reached 1891, 100
therms, compared with 69,0OO.437 in
the like 1947 period, an increase of
14,370,663 therms, or 20.83 per cent.
This is another all-time high,
company officials reported today,
and is accounted for by steadily ex-
panding business and colder weather
in the five months than year ago.
Gas sales during May made an
excellent showing, total of 10,635,-
Col therms comparing with 1865 ,585
IN May, 1947, an increase of 970,016
therms, or 1904 per cent.
Bank Loans Off Slightly.
Total loans of Washington banks
Showed decline of $515 900 in the
week ended Wednesday. June 9, the
Richmond Reserve Bank reported.
Commercial loans were off S641 600
from the preceding week while real
estate loans revealed a small gain
of $4,000.
Total investments were up about
100000, the largest increase
being in Treasury bills. Demand
deposits were up $10,423,000 while
time deposits showed a modest drop
of S373,000 Total liabilities and
capital accounts were up slightly,
the report stated.
New Automobile Sales Gain.
C21pc nf noW ant nr1nt1i1eC G1lrino
May in the District were just above
the record for the same month a
year ago, Richard J. Murphy direc-
tor of the Washington Automotlve
Trade Association, reported today.
May sales of new cars numbered
2,373 as compared with 2,308 in May
Of last year, very modest increase
of IS autos. Sales were not up to
the April record when 2,770 new
machines were purchased here.
In the first five months of 1948,
new-car sales reached 1858, to-
days report disclosed.
District Concern IS Years Old.
To-Day marks the 18th anniversary
of the founding of the American
Fire Insurance Co. of the District of
Columbia Practically all of the
1000 shares, par value 500, stock
is held by WaShingtonians.
Carl j. Bergman, president of
the Washington Permanent Building
Association. is also president of the
company, other officers being Vic
tor B. Deyber, vice president;
Chaplin E. Bauman, treasurer; S.
M Hotze, secretary, and Selma E.
Allen, assistant secretary Directors
include Max Walten, Wilfred H.
Blanz. Edward L. McAleer. Clarence
E. Kefauver, Edmund M. Emmerich
and the four senior officers.
Increased Bond Sales Urged.
Chairman Thomas J. Groom of
the District Savings Bond Division
today urged big investors to take
advantage of the removal of the
100000 limit and buy more F and
G Bonds at once The new 1,000,-
900 ceiling applies only when the
bonds are paid for between July Il
and Is, but the bonds can be Or
dered now, Mr. Groom stated.
Security loan sales through June
II totaled sl2,163, sos, or 81 per cent
of the Districts s22,500,000 quota.
Series E Bond sales amounted to
S8,297,556 or 585 per cent, while F
and Gs stood at 1866 900. or 46 per
cent.
The Second National Bank has
declared the regular quarterly divi-
dend of per cent, payable June 30
to stockholders of record June 81.
Evening star., 1948-06-17
Business Briefs

Bank Clearings in 25 leading cite:
rose to s14,244 100000 in the weel
ended June 16, gain Of go from
the preceding week and 1870 above
the like l947 week-Dun & Brad.
street
Commercial, Industrial and Farm
Loans of member banks in leading
cities totaled $14,152 100000 on JUNE
9. gain of 39,00000 from a weel
earlier and S2,389 100000 above {
year earlier. - Federal Reserve
Board
Freight LOadings for the week
ended June u totaled 906948 cars
gain of l0.4ct from the preceding
holiday week. and 1880 above the
like 1947 week-Associationo of Amer.
lean Railroads.
Automobile Production in the
United States this week will tota
98,753 units, including 70,448 car:
and 8,305 trucks-Automotive News
Last weeks total was 104,751, in
Guiding 1860 cars and 26,382 trucks
Ford parts difficulties, GIN shut
downs and a short ChrysIer strike
we're factors in the decline.
Engineering Construction Awards
this week totaled sl26,883,0OO, q
drop of 27et from the previous
week, but 34oo above the like 1947
week-Engineering News-Record.
Sterling, Inc, directors took
no action on a common dividend
expected at this time in order to
conserve cash.
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad will
practically double its diesel fleet
this year. said President Roy B
White. BY the start of l949, 1870
of the roads motive power will be
diesel-electric
Sperry Corp. declared a ST semi
annual dividend payable July g.
Previous semi-annual payments
were rs cents
Detroit Edison Co. earned $10.-
3l), l66 or STAT a share in II months
ended May 81 VS.. sll,592,745 or
l66 in the previous year
Allied Stores Corp. net income for
three months ended April 80 was
S307l,127 or Sl.39 VS.. S3,067 ,404 or
Sl39 in the same l947 period
Sterchi Bros. Stores earned S565 :
923 or 95 cents in three months
ended May 81 VS.. S544,396 or 81
cents year earlier.
Hupp Corp. net for the March
quarter was S2ll,036 or 10 cents VS.
S326,520 or 16 cents in the same
l947 period.
Lake Shore Mines. Ltd. reported
a net loss of S122.ll8 in the March
quarter VS.. a deficit of S32 2522 a
year ago.
TranscOntinental g. Western Ali
carried 446,00o passengers on it:
domestic routes in the first five
months of l94S VS.. $4,000 in the
same l947 period. a gain of 24.3Tc
United Drill & Tool Corp. award.
ed a contract to Austin Co. for 6
new s2,50o000 plant for the Whit.
man g. Barnes division at Plymouth
Mich
Holly Sugar Corp. stockholder!
approved a pension plan for en-
ployeS,
Philo Corp. elected John NJ Otte
vice president and general sale
manager
Chase National Bank received th
resignation. of Richard H. Mans
field as vice president. He will be
come an associate OF John Q
Rockefeller. jr,
Thor Corp. elected H. C, Bucking
ham to the new post of vice presi
dent of plant operations. He ha
been treasurer.
American Airlines appointed The
odore P. Gould director in charg
q passenger sales.
Evening star., 1948-06-17
Dividends Announced

NEW YORK. June II R.-Dividends
declared:
ID @t1
Evening star., 1948-06-17

A40B . Vb A0OOoOs
s::0lJam Fac As So 7siA
67hlKoppers IS "a : 1o2lA
olAlLacledeG Gs41a63 1c9iA
oAAiLeh C&N 3las70 95ih
20 Leh vi 6s20O3st -
oIMILeh Val 4s2003s 3eHs
lehILorrillard 3s 63 1o2ss
ESQ iMe Cent 41as go I'm
- mid RR NJ $50 81
7756l MSPSSM As 81 53M
l5A AlM-K-T IS SO A 6zM
o6ihlMo Pac 5Ias ~ 29M
s6iAtMo Pac 6s IS A 66i4
o2AlMo Pac 5s S1I 66N
2llhlMo Pac gn As rs -
o5,bINat Steel IS IS loA
3<INatSupply2A67 80
66MlN O Term As SO 1oA
SPAIN o m 5lzs54 s6
o1 tNYC 41as2013A TIA
e6 N = c con Is yS 663A
D6 NYNHinc4Kas asa
2lAlNYNHH 4s2007 7lss
'AztlNYOW RI As 90 11iA
Y O W g As IS s
7oi4INY Stm 3ias 81 1864
73izN Y Tel 3hss 70 loan
s. Nor P cit 4Ias75 lo4
,3NI IOrWsRRN IS so 1oA5k
% PennCtAir31as6t A5
36,4 Penn P&Lt 3s751oo
- PennRRg4 4sS1 lo2M
7lIAtPennRR 3k4s52 1914
So Phil Ry 4s37 ct IL
Pet 2A4s64 lolst
36ts Reading 3hss 95 %
,AA lStLSF 4Has2022 50
5iAIStLSanFrn4s97 691h
s. StL SW RI IS 80 lo2
% 5eab ina 4has20l6 71A
,5N|Socony-V2as76 o5lA
,lNl lSoBellT&T 3s79 lo2ls
561tl SoBT&T2Is86 o6,S
IS SoPaciiic41asS1 o5A
,3X XlSou Pac 4ias SO ~
1lMl SoPac41asOr77 lo3N
,31t SoPac 8 2Ns 81 03H
So Ry IN IS Sc -
,6 Third Ave 5s 60 62lh
2Aihl Third Ave Is so 81
o5 Tol&OC SAs60 1ooh
30ihlvaEl&Pw3lss63 ITO I
,oNIWest Sh As 1881 67h
- West On IS 81 99H
,ot WheelStl 3As67 looA
llN WheelStl 3A4s70 100
S5A Wise Cent 4s ~ 73h
52iA'Wis Cn As 36SD 39A
Evening star., 1948-06-17
N. Y. Bond Market

0sn11sssssr S N ssr H,ass'issu 81 issurS
Evening star., 1948-06-17

SHECyEU
FOREIGN
Australia3hs66
Belgium 61zsA9 ]
Canada As 60 ]
Colombia IS 70
Denmark IS AZ
Peru lst IS 60
DOMESTIC
Ala ct So3As67l
Am T&T 27ssS7
Am T6T 2As57 ]
Am T&T 2s4s6I ]
Am T&T 2AsS0
AmTobacco3s62 J
T 8 r As 95 ]
AtlCoa sta hs64l
Balt&Ob 5s95G
Balt&Oh 5sM96
B&O cv 4h20lU
B d OPLE As 80
Bang A en- As 81
Bang A cy As 81
Bell Pa IS so c ]
Can Pac As perp
Cent Ga IS SOC
Cent Ga cn5s45
Cn RR NJ IS 81
Cn RR NJ Is 81
Gao 3Has 96 E. ]
Chi&E ] Inc 81
Chi Ct Ws As SO
ChiI&4 k20Q3
CMStP4hs2619
CMStP4 tas2044
Chi&NW 4Ms99
cRIPin4 Rs20l9
Chi&W I As 81 ]
CCCStL 4 las II
Col & So 4 asS0
Cons Ed CIV 1868 ]
Del g. Hud As So
D&RGW 3-4s93
DER in 4h201S
D d M 1st As 96
Det Edison 3s7O1
Erie 4hs 2015-
FirestnT&R3s611
g M&O 20A B.
Hud Coal Is ga
Hud&N in IS 81
] c RI As 56----1
&c 4As 66
ICC stL IS SO A
ICCStL 4 y s SO
III Ter RR Is 701
lntGtNor 6s So
Int G. N 1st6s52.
Int Ct No6s56B
Evening star., 1948-06-17

CARL J. BERGMAN, President -.
VICTOR B. DEYBER. Vice-President
CHAPLIN B. BAUMAN, Treasurer
STOCKTON M. HOTTIE, Secretary
SELMA E. ALLEN, Asst Secty.
Evening star., 1948-06-17
Furnished ~ the
SaIeE-

Clev CIR Br soc
Chm axMol l 20
Clopay Corp 70
Cluett Pbody lie
Coca Cola A..
Colgate-P-P pa
Collins & Ak l.
Colonial Mills /
Col Fuel & Ir la
Col BrdcastA lie
Columb Gas 60
Colum Pict Sf--
ColumCarbo %
Col&SoOh 1.40e
Coml Credit 2 so
Coml Solvnt 2e
Comwl Eds 1.40
Comwl e. South
Com&So pf7hk
Cong-Nalrn l n
Cons Cop .15e--
Cons Eds ! go
Cons Edison pf5
Cons Nat Gas 2
Cons RRCuba Of
Cons Ret Str lie
Cn Textile zoe
Cons Vultee
Contain Corp "a
Cont Baking l..
Cont Can he
ContDia Fiber /
Cont insurance.
Cont Motors
ContOilDel he
Cont Steel lie -
Cooper-BesS !
Coprwld Stl 1.20
Corn Prod 1.s0s
Cornell-D Z 90
C0rnln9GlaSS ~ ,
Coty Inc'. '.2og--.
Coty Int .20g
Crane Co l.60a
Crm Of VIII 1 60
CreameriesAm I
Crown Cork hh
Crown Eel l zoe
CruciNle Steel
Cub-AmSug lac
Curtis Publish
Curtiss-Wr hE
Curtis Wr A 1e-
DANA CORP he
| Oaytn Pol ! 70
Dayton Rub I 90
Decca Record a
Deep Rock Oil lie
Deere & Co l. =
Del & Hudson 4
Del L & W Ae
| Den & RGW lie
! Den&RGWpf1oe oe
| Detroit 50 1.20
| De Vilbiss l4e
ilesoe & f A "a
Diam T Mot la
Dist Cr-Sea 60
Dixie Cup l.
Ooehler-Jar Ia
DomeMin .67iae
DOUGLAS A 2 leg
Dow Chem a4e
DowCh I'd pf3h
Dresser Ind SIC
Du Pont 4e
Du Pont Of 4h
EAGLE-Pl so
Eastern Air Line
East State Steel
East Kodak Ae
tEsstmn X pf 6
EAk@~ tEH. .
Evening star., 1948-06-17

International Mierals g. Chemical
Corp. announced that Henry B.
Baylor will retire as vice president
on July /.
Evening star., 1948-12-12

that Scotties are less strongly
attracted to people than cookers;
that Shetland sheep dogs tend to
have considerable timidity; that
dachshunds do not show a strong
leaning toward any one trait. But
they leave it strictly to you to
decide which is the best" dog.
Reznodsling the Wolf
ONE of them did 60 50 far as to
remark, as we were looking at a
poodle named Sugar, that poodles
ARE supposed to be" one of the
most intelligent breeds. Where
upon Sugar promptly spoiled the
compliment by sticking her paw
into her biscuit dish and scattering
her food all lover the floor of her pen.
Insofar as ability to take train
ing is concerned, DR.. Scott calls a
strong attraction to people plus
considerable restraint the most i'm
Evening star., 1948-12-12

portant combination. The strong
attraction makes the dog want to
do what his handler wants him to
do, and the restraint makes it pos
sible for him to remain still long
enough to find out.
The scientists have definitely
established that there is always a
top dog and an underdog in rela-
tion to every other pup. They have
proved this by testing the pups in
pairs with a single bone. The re-
suits, DR.. Scott says, show how
much individual dogs vary.
The pups that go to the
school for dogs spend their first
10 weeks in rearing pens i'm a
big, remodeled barn which
serves as school headquarters.
Dr.. Scott supervises their curric-
ulum during this period. putting
them through simple tests and
scoring them on their reactions
under routine handling.
The Pups Problem
AT SIX weeks of age. each pup is
placed in pen that is open at one
end and has a screened opening at
the other. Before being put in the
pen, he is given Whit of a nice,
hshy-smelling bit of dog food,
which is then set down outside the
screened opening. The pups prob
lem is to get to that food - which
can only be accomplished, of
course, by going out the other end.
The scientists find that it invari-
ably takes success to encourage
him to greater success. A pup who
can't find his way the first time
often won't even try the next time;
but if, like the quiz masters in the
radio shows, the scientists give
him enough push in the right direc-
ton to help him solve the prob
lem, he becomes much more eager
to solve it unaided the next time.
There's something there, the scien-
fists think, for humans to take into
account in raising children.
Continued on page 28
Evening star., 1948-12-12

for form and color more than any
other animal; but they have also
been selected for behavior.
Hounds, for instance, have been
selected for their ability to use
their noses in hunting. terriers for
their alertness with eyes and ears.
Our remote ancestors, it is as
sumed, went about the job of
remodeling the wolf into a house
hold pet without knowing exactly
what they were doing, but never
theless achieved some very sys-
tematic resultsA
Bred for Assrssiveness
FOR one thing, they bred for
timidity. The dog has to be more
timid than the wolf so that he may
be controlled. At the same time,
they bred for varying degrees of
aggressiveness - which, as the
scientists see it, is not necessarily
the opposite of timidity but a diff
ferent trait. Hounds, for in
stance, DIR. Scott points out,
must be both timid a md agrees
sive. Timid so they can be man.
aged peacefully in their kennels,
aggressive 50 they will do their
hunting jobs vigorously.
Another important trait that had
to be built up by breeding is attrac-
ton to people. Wolves obviously
have little of this. Dogs need it
for what the scientists call motiva-
ton willingness to do things that
people want them to do. Still
another is restraint - ability to
remain quiet and still.
After testing numerous breeds,
the scientists are now concentrat-
ing primarily on three which vary
so much from each other in their
characteristic combinations of
these traits that they are fairly
representative of all dogdom.
These are fox terriers - very ag-
gressive and strongly attracted to
people; Basenjis AFRICAN hunting
dogs)-aggressive but not strongly
attracted to people; and beagles -
Evening star., 1948-12-12
q u,z ,rn
Questions and answers from current news

!. TITLES :. Who is the vo7lds
nsost-tttled ,soblenan?
SPANS Duke of Alba, seven
times duke, Ia times a marquis,
20 times a count, and "a times a
knight.
KIM, Cincinnati, Ohio
Z. EATS What is the most
POPULAR American food?
Hamburger.
La, Caledonia, Mo.
;. WRITERS Where do
pupils w1ite their 0scn tsxtbooks?
In Lueneburg, Germany, the
pupils copy Caesars Commentar-
Evening star., 1948-12-12
ARE DOGS PEOPLE?
Continued from page fifteen

strongly attracted to people. but
more timid than aggressive.
Thescientists themselves, l found,
have a good deal of timidity Tor
perhaps it's tact) when it comes to
discussing the comparative merits
of different breeds, and are careful
to point out that each suits diff
ferent set of requirements and per-
sonal tastes. They will tell you