davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-04-25
Roads Need
MajorRepair
Billion Dollar Cost
Estimated for High.
way Work
Bv Riehord Eiske
By Riehord Fiske

NEW YORK.-The Nations nigh
ways are facing the biggest repair
job in history. Neglect during the
war years.. an ever-increasing vol
ume of traffic and a severe winter
have boosted the l948 repair and
maintenance estimate to record
high of more than $1,000, ,000, 600.
Surveyors are currently in the
field and exact figures are not yet
available. But Federal and pri-
vate sources agree that the bill to
repair the rough spots and main
tain the highways will run to the
record high estimate.
The current high cost of ma
terials enters into the picture, but
the story really begins back in the
war years.
Roads were neglected mainly be-
cause of wartime restrictions on
materials. Maintenance was cut
down by manpower shortages and
scarcity of equipment. Repairs be.
came minor patch jobs.
Roads Were Neglected
A Federal public roads off1cia
compared those wartime repair:
with patching pants that were
wearing quickly because of constant
use without a cleaning and pressing
job. !
The trunk arteries and the rura
roads took a terrific beating as traf.
fic volume increased. Motor We.
hicle registration rose from 1885,.
GOO in 1s41 to 100000 last year
Registrations on trucks, which
pound the highways hardest, jumped
from 1859, PA in 1941 to an esti.
mated 6,500000 last year.
AS manpower expanded and ma
terials grew less short in the post.
war days. an increasing number O
motorists began. to expect bettel
service, quicker snow removal
wider traffic lanes.
This winter the frost line extend.
ed farther South than at any TIM
in recent years. Shows were heav'
ier. Temperatures were lower, ant
spring floods washed out what snow
and frost hadn't affected.
Neglected highways, pounded BY
increased loads, heaved themselve!
out of shape. And as motorists pro.
tested the bumps and jolts and sur.
vey crews began damage estimates
costs rose. Highway work that cos
81 in 1885, cost $1.71 in 1947, a Pub.
lie Roads official summed up.
He added that in 1921 the repair
and maintenance bill in the United
States was around $442, 900 900 ant
in 1947 it was $967 ,000,0 H,
didn't have exact figures for thi'
year, but agreed it would pass th'
81 ,O00, ,000, 900 mark.
/ 5 Million Miles of Roads
The repair and maintenance bill
Is spread across a network of 5000,
900 miles Of trunk arteries, rura
roads and State highways in tn
United States. ,..
There are about 650,O0O miles o
paved roads in the network-the re-
mainder are gravel and dirt.
OF the paved surfaces, more thar
10 per cent are asphalt, the blacl
top road that is perhaps most ia.
miliar. E
Bernard E. Gray, who heads tn,
Asphalt Institute, says 'the produce
that uses the roads builds them
petroleum paves the highways ovel
which its gasoline and oil are used.
Mr.. Gray's organization represent!
many of the leading petroleum pro-
ducers.
He says water causes more high
way trouble than heavy traffic
Snow, plowed to the sides Of the
road, melts and creeps beneath the
surface, causing upheavals, just as
frost gets into the cracks and form.
big blisters.
distributed BY the Associated Press)
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Dr.. Bugbee Killed by Truck;
Former Methodist Editor
BY the A.soeiassd Press

BEMUS POINT, N. Y, Feb. 23.-
Dr.. Lucius H. Bugbee, 73, former
editor of church school publications
of the Methodist Church. was in
jured fatally yesterday when struck
by truck.
He was walking to church when
hit, Chautauqua County Coroner
Samuel r. Bowers said. A certificate
Of accidental death was issued.
Dr. Bugbee became editor of
church school publications in 1880.
He was named executive secretary
of the church's editorial division,
Board Of Education, in 1910. His
headquarters were in Nashville,
Tenn, until his retirement two years
ago.
DR.. Bugbee was the son of a
former president of Allegheny Col
lege. He was graduated from Bos-
ton University and received his doc
tor of divinity degree from Grove
City. He also was awarded degrees
at the University of Chicago and
Syracuse University.
He was native of Glendale,
Ohio. His first pastorate was in
Bemus Point and he later served in
Meadville and Pittsburgh, Brookline
and Maiden, Mass, and Minneapolis,
MINI.
Survivors include his widow, three
sons and two daughters.
Funeral services will be conducted
tomorrow at the Methodist Church
here.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Police Boys Club Drive
Lacks $4,000 Of Goal

The Metropolitan Police Boys
Club campaign for funds entered its
final week today, only $1,000 short
of the SIPS 900 goal.
"All committees have been in
structed to put forth every effort
this week to over-subscribe the
goal" Robert C. Simmons, general
chairman, declared.
Police Supt. Robert j. Barrett
congratulated his 13 precinct cap
tains for the excellent cooperation
shown during the drive that began
five weeks ago. More than 1900
policemen h$ge canvassed the city
for Boys Club funds during that
time, Maj. Barrett said.
Officials of the Police Boys Club
are now making plans for the con-
struction of a new No. club In
Southwest Washington where pres
ent quarters are no longer adequate
to house the increased member
shin.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Nation S Builders Fear
Tight Money Market
May Block Program
By Robert J. Lewis
Stor Stoff Correspondent

CHICAGO, Feb. 23.-The tight
ening money market is the big
bugaboo to the Nations Home
Builders gathered here today for
the opening of general sessions
of their national convention.
Edward R.. Carr of Washington,
national president of the organiza-
ton who yesterday afternoon OPEN
ed record breaking exposition of
home building products being held
in connection with the convention
told a reporter:
The factor that will control the
size of this years production of
homes is undoubtedly financing,
and on it depends whether we can
continue the record-smashing pace
we set in the last six months Of
last year"
Washington Woman Hurt.
A Washington woman member of
the convention staff was seriously
injured and man was killed early
yesterday morning when struck by
taxi which collided with another
car on Michigan avenue not far
far from convention headquarters
in the Stevens Hotel.
She is Miss Margaret Crowley, 35,
of 1923 Connecticut avenue NV,
a stenographer on the staff of Wal
ton Onslow, Washington public re-
lations counsel. She suffered Sc
we're head lacerations, a broken
nose and a broken ankle. She is
now in st. Luke's Hospital.
A former WAC who took tran
scripts of Gen. Dwight D. Eisen-
hower's press conferences in London
during the war, Miss Crowley was
knocked to the street by the taxi.
The dead man was Fred Bauer Of
New York.
Gosnell Heads Delegation.
About so home builders, materials
dealers and mortgage loan officials
make up the delegation from the
Washington area headed by Clar-
ence w. Gosnell, president of the
Home Builders Association of Met
ropolitan Washington.
The meetings, which will continue
through Thursday, will bring the
Nations top housing officials here
for addresses and round-table dis
cussions.
Among them, will be Raymond NJ
Foley, Administrator of the Hous-
ing and Home Finance Agency. the
Governments top housing agency
Others will be Franklin D. Rich
ards, Commissioner of the Federal
Housing Administration; T. B. King,
chief of the Veterans Administra-
tons Loan Guaranty Service;
Curt Mack, FHA's top underwriting
expert, and Clyde L. Powell, chief
of the same agency's rental hous-
ing section.
More Homes Forecast.
He said he believed that even
though the cost of building ma
terials will not be reduced owing
to the recent jump in steel prices
and probable" increase in freight
rates, soon larger supply of lower
priced houses will be made avail
able this. year provided financing
is available.
He said, she expected prices to be
lower owing to increased supplies
of materials which will allow build
ers to increase efficiency. -.~-
"Our reports are that shortages
which have plagued us should be
greatlys seheved or entirely disap-
pear this year" he said.
On thes other hand, he said, in
dications we're that the supply of
skilled mechanics will continue to
be short and Niltre1nain Y 41epblem
in many. aress, Including Wash
inpton
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Pope Sees Mothers Of Mihai
And Fiancee Privately
By the As.oeioted Press

VATICAN CITY, Feb 23.-Pope
Plus XII received the mothers Of
former King Mihai of Romania and
his flancee, Princess Anne of Bour-
bon-Parma, in private audiences
today.
Vatican sources said the church's
dispensation for marriage of the
couple may have been sought.
Anne is a Roman Catholic. while
Mihai's family belongs to the Ma
tional Orthodox Church of Ro-
mania. Under ordinary church
procedure, special dispensation Is
necessary In the marriage Of q
Catholic to a Catholic.
Mihai's mother. former Queen
Helen of Romania, arrived here
yesterday from Switzerland. She
was met by Princess Renee de
Bourbon Parma, Anne's mother.
The two are occupying q suite at
a Rome hotel.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Man HurIs Father
Under Subway,
Dies With Him
By the Assoeiofed Press

NEW YORK, Feb. 23.-Locked in
struggle, a 60-year-old man and
his son, ~, fell to death under a
train from a midtown subway sta
ton platform last night.
Police quoted the son. Felix
Lefkowsky, as saying before he died
"I pushed my father-he's no good
when he fell, he held on to me and
I fell with him.
The father, Royal Lefkowsky,
died instantly. The sons legs were
mangled and were amputated be-
fore he died in a hospital.
The operator of the train, Magnus
Wagenes, told police he saw the
two men struggling on the platform
as the train approached the BMT
49th street-Seventh avenue station.
Passengers told of hearing father
and son arguing at the edge Of the
platform, police said, and a mo-
ment before the plunge the son said
I'm going to die"
The cause of the fatal argument
was not known. Police said the two
men apparently lived together in
Evening star., 1948-02-23
|Schwe||enbach Joins
Labor Chiefs in ASKING
Support Of Red Cross

/. Secretary of Labor Schwellenbach
and labor leaders have pledged sup
port to the 1948 American Red
Cross Fund campaign, which be-
gins March /, the Red Cross news
service announced today.
A statement of Mr.. Schwellenbach
made public by the Red Cross COM
mended the organization on Its
promptness and the remarkable
mobility" by which aid was given to
disaster areas during 1947.
The Secretary called the national
blood program "a sound investment
in our national health that demands
our full support" and urged all
Americans to contribute generously
to the fund drive In the statement.
Green Urges Support.
AFL President william Green's
statement urged every public spir-
tied American" and the million Of
wage earners he represents to ire
spond as a man to the annual call
of the Red Cross for funds" the
Red Cross said. He also COM
the blood program as "the
most ar-reaching peacetime serv-
ice offered by the organization.
Mr.. Green pointed out expenses
have doubled for the average Amer
lean family and business. and the
same is true of the Red Cross, the
said.
An excerpt from the message OF
CIO President Philip Murray said,
There must be no let-up in the dis
aster relief and rehabilitation work
of the Red Cross. Aid must be ex-
tended to victims of explosions,
floods, fires and tornadoes." He
added that other important services
Of the Red Cross. such as first aid
and accident prevention programs,
must not be curtailed.
Lewis Calls Work Vital.
John L. Lewis, chief of the United
Mine Workers, called the Red Cross
programs vital to our entire popu-
alton" and declared it imperative"
'or the campaign fund to receive
generous support, the Red Cross
aid.
Il am glad to add my own per-
onal endorsement to that of so
many others of our citizenry," his
tatement said.
The Red Cross said the Railway
labor Executives Association and
he Brotherhood of Locomotive Fire
nen and Enginemen also endorsed
he campaign.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Fastest Navy jet Planes
To Be Tried on Carrier
by the Asseeiatsd Press

SAN DIEGO, Calf, Feb. 23.-Jet
planes which split the air at 8 miles
a minute-the fastest now with any
operational unit Of the United States
Fleet-soon will bee given a tryout
on an aircraft carrier.
This was disclosed today after a
public demonstration on the SJ-1
fighters, built by North American
Aviation, Inc.
I'VE hope in the near future to
try operating these jets from a car
rier, probably the Boxer" said Rear
Admiral H. J. Harrill, commander Of
Fleet Air West Coast.
The test, he said, will be made
off San Diego.
The SJ-1 fighter is one of several
jets under consideration by the Navy
for carrier use. 1t has speed of
more than $50 miles per hour, a
rance of more than 1880 miles and
a rate of climb of more than a mile
a minute.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
BishopkeoughArriyes
In Baltimore Today.
To Head Archdiocese
BY the Assoeiefsd Press

BALTIMORE, Feb. 23.-The Most
Rev. Francis p. Keough will be
welcomed here at SAL pm. today
as the 11th head of the Catholic
Archdiocese of Baltimore.
The 56-year-old prelate, who was
Bishop OF Providence, r. l., for
IA years. officially will become ruler
of the premier see of Catholicism
in the United States a few hours
after his arrival when he presents
his credentials from Pope Plus XII
The formalities will come at 10
am. tomorrow In ceremonies in the
cathedral before 1000 persons, in
cluding six archbishops and SO
bishops.
The new archbishop will receive
his crozier from the Most Rev.
Amleto Ciognani. apostolic dele
gate to the United States.
Succeeds Archbishop Curley.
The traditional installation cere-
mony and pontifical mass to follow
will take place before an altar at
which three cardinals have re-
ceived their red hats, more than
80 bishops consecrated and $500
priests ordained.
Bishop Keough will succeed Arch
bishop Michael j. Curley, who died
last May after an incumbency Of
26 years.
The new archbishop will auto
matically take precedence over all
other bishops and archbishops of
the country, except cardinals. This
is because of a decree issued in
Rome in 1853 conferring "preroga-
tive of place" on the archdiocese,
from which all other Catholic sees
of the United States were derived.
No Ceremonies at Station.
In accordance with Bishop
Keough's wishes, there will be no
ceremonies at Pennsylvania Sta
ton when his train arrives.
He will be greeted by Bishop John
M. McNamara, administrator of the
archdiocese since Archbishop Cur
ley's death; the Most Rev. Lawrence
j. Sheehan, auxiliary bishop of Bal
timore, and the other consultors of
the archdiocese. They will accept
his credentials at his new residence
at a meeting tonight,
Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro and
other city officials will be on hand
to greet Mayor Dennis Roberts of
Providence and large delegation
Of Rhode Island and Connecticut Of
hcials who will witness the installa-
ton.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Admiral Byrd to Retire;
Plans New Expedition
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

ROCHESTER, N. Y, Feb. 49,
Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd said
last night that he had filed appli-
cation for retirement from active
duty in the Navy and planned an
other Antarctic expedition.
Admiral Byrd told the Rochester
Democrat and Chronicle the new
expedition would be organized as
soon as he had finished the task
Of correlating results of scientific
research Of his last voyage.
Admiral Byrd lectured and dis
played films of his 1933-35 visit to
the South Pole at Aquinas Institute
He refused to comment on re-
cent controversial claims of Chile,
Argentina and Great Britain for
segments of the Antarctic regions.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Cincinnati Printers
Prepare for Strike
aY the Assoeioted Press

/ CINCINNATI, Feb. %. - Union
printers at Cincinnati's three daily
newspapers have taken the first step
toward a possible strike.
The printers, members of Cincin-
natl Typographical Union No. 8,
voted unanimously yesterday to ask
permission of the International
Typographical Union, AFL, to take
a strike vote.
Lester French, union president,
said the vote was 1926 to 0.
The move was made, Mr.. French
declared, because the publishers re-
fused to meet with us unless we
agreed to sign a contract"
The newspapers involved are the
Cincinnati Times Star, the Cincin-
natl Enquirer and the Cincinnati
Post.
After announcement of the unions
action, the management OF the En-
quirer reported that each of its edi-
tions had been delayed an average
of 26 minutes for the last II days
because of a showdown of printers
in the composing room.
COLUMBUS, Ga, Feb. q (P.-
The Columbus Enquirer failed to
publish a Monday morning edition
because pressmen refused to enter
the building after composing room
employees had not appeared for
work
The paper had made plans to
publish with the use of vari-type
machines, but abandoned efforts
when the pressmen failed to report
at 10 pm.
Management said an attempt
would be made to publish the after
noon Ledger today, but the effort
would hinge on whether the press
Evening star., 1948-02-23
19Ki|Ied, 48 Hurt in Wreck
OF Swiss Skiers' Train
BY the Assoeioted Press

WADENSWIL, Switzerland, Feb.
23-Nineteen persons were killed
and 48 injured here yesterday when
a skiers' train was derailed. 1t
plowed into a three-story building.
Faulty brakes and icy rails were
blamed.
The building which the train
struck collapsed. 1t had been used
for offices and dwellings.
Victims of the wreck were pas
sengers and residents of the Zurich
area.
The bodies of 19 persons recov-
cred included two women and a
child.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Congress in Brief
BY the Asseeioted Press

Senate:
Hears Senator Mcmahon, Demo-
crat, of Connecticut read Washing
tons Farewell Address.
Finance Committee maps hearings
on i,acorls tax cut bill.
House: 2z.
Pays tribute to George Washing
ton.
Labor subcommittee hears William
J., Hutcheson. j president of AFL
Gefpenters' Union, on Hollywood
jurisdictional strike.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Cuban Sports Director, ,
Indicted in Arms Plot,
Is Slain in Havana
BY the Associofsd Press

HAVANA, Cuba, Feb. 23.-Manolo
Castro, 81, inspector general of Gu
ban sports and a former president
of the University Students Fedora
ton of Havana, was shot and killed
by unknown assailants last night.
Carlos Puchol, who was accom-
panying Castro. also was slain, po-
lice said, and two other persons were
wounded. The shooting occurred
near Havana's Central Park, in the
heart of the city.
Police said a medical student had
been arrested as a suspect. They
said others in the group which en-
gagged Castro's party escaped. The
rival group was believed to have
been made up of members of STU
dent political group rivaling Cas-
tro's, the police said. q
Castro was indicted by a Federal
grand jury at Jacksonville, Fla, last
charged with consplring
to export munitions to Cuba in con-
nection with a revolutionary plot
against the Dominican republic. The
plot failed.
Chester A. limerick, supervising
customs agent in Miami, presented
sworn statements that Castro char
tered plane from the Willis Air
Service in Teterboro, N. j., for 81 ,28S
and paid the pilots $500 to fly be-
tween two and three tons of ammu-
milton from Baltimore to Jackson
vile and thence to Havana last
August.
Havana police said then that Cas-
tro, who was arrested in the United
States and put under bond, was be-
ing sought in the Cuban capital for
questioning in connection with a
gun battle in the suburbs in which
six persons were killed.
He formerly played football on the
University of Havana team.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Weather Report

District of Columbia Mostly
sunny with highest near 40 this
afternoon. Some cloudiness to-
night and tomorrow. Slightly
milder tomorrow. Lowest tonight
about %.
Virginia-Mostly cloudy tonight.
Cloudy and slightly milder with
some rain in extreme south portion
tomorrow.
Maryland-Some cloudiness to-
night and Tuesday. Slightly milder.
Wind velocity, 20 miles per hour;
northeast.
Road Report.
(From American Automobile Associa ton
Roads in the District. Maryland and
Virginia are generally clear. with some
icy spots. In the mountains of West
chains are advisable. Main high
ways in Pennsylvania are clear; secondary
roads are covered with packed snow and
require chains. There is SINE ice on the
Turnpike.
Tide Tables.
FURNISHED by United States Coast
Evening star., 1948-02-23

United States buses, subways and
streetcars carried $4,000, 900 10000 pas
sengers in 1910, $4,000, 100000 in 1912
and $4,000, ,000, 900 in 1945.
Evening star., 1948-02-23

During World War II the proper
ton of United States Navy fight
surgeons killed was about three
times that of other Naval physicians.
Evening star., 1948-02-23

River Report.
From T.. S. Engineers.)
Potomac River cloudy at Harpers Ferry
and at Great Falls; Shenandoah clear at
Harpers Ferry.
Humidity.
Yesterday Per Cent Per Cent.
Noon --- 6s 8 pm. 20
4 pm, ---- 81 Midnight ----- 70
To-day
6 q m rh 1na m &c
Evening star., 1948-02-23

In 1912 the death rate for United
States Negroes was one-fourth
higher than for United States
whites.
Evening star., 1948-02-23
FURNISHED by United States Coast
and Geodetic SurTey.)
The Sun and Moen.

Rises. Sets.
Sun, today 6:4a 5:54
Sun. tomorrow 6:4S $50
Moon. today 4:39 pm. 6:26 a M
Automobile lights must be turned on
one-haf hour after sunset.
Precipitation.
Monthly precipitation in inches in the
-apitaI (current month to dste):
Evening star., 1948-02-23
Russian Threat.

Temperatures in excess of 140 de-
rrees Fahrenheit cannot be tolerated
by the human body for any length
of time.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1948-09-25
NCNW Holds
18th Meet Oct. 10

WASHINGTON, D. C. - The
18th Annual Convention OF the
National Council of Colored
Women will be held here at the
Inter Departmental Auditorium
of the U. 8. Department of
Labor, Oct. 1918.
Mrs. Mary Mcleod Bethune,
Founder President of the Coun-
Gil, today announced that on
Oct. Ii the convention will be
addressed by Secretary of Labor
Maurice J. Tobin, Miss Frieds
s.. Miller, Director of the Wom-
ems Bureau Of the Department
Of Labor and Miss Katherine r.
Lenroot, Chief of the Children's
Bureau of the Social Security
Administration.
The theme Of this years
convention, World Citizenship
Through Human Understand
Ing will be developed before
some 1000 registrants from the
U, S. and several foreign coun-
tries, Mrs. Bethune added.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1948-09-25

servations that has been seen for
many moons.
ALL NEW SHOW
With the exception Of Billie
Holiday, the nations Number One
Song Stylist who returned to the
scene Of her recent triumphs, Club
Ebony presented an entirely new
show, new faces, new features
unsurpassed by all predecessors.
The floor show produced and
staged by Joe "ziggy" johnson
was highly received consisting OF
a fast stepping ensemble Of sun
tan dancing Ebonettes, with
sparkling costumes in gay coll
ors. Cook & Brown a pair Of
clever comic funsters supplied
the belly laughs. Esq Morales
and his hot band, kept the dance
tempo at terrific pace.
MANY NOTABLES PRESENT
Some of the great names on
hand for the festivities were
Champ Joe Louis, Norma n
Grant,, Carmen Cavallero, Tall
ulah Bankhead, Jimmy McHugh,
Norvo Morales, Sarah Vaughan,
Harry Mills, Joe Glaser, Charlie
Ventura.
HARLEMITES APPRECIATIVE
Harlemites note d were: Sol
Johnson, Marshall Myles, Luther
Randolph, George Williams, Geo
rye Williams, George Farrell,
Jowe Wells, Phil Williams, Frank
Douglass, Tondaleyo, Bill Cohen,
Carl Maxwell, Sally Millinder,
Dorothy Newsome, Buster Groom,
Muriel Poindexter, Kiah Sayles,
Chas. Hunt, Bessie Buchanan,
FAME Robinson, Izzy Rowe, Ivy
Madden Speed, Evelyn Harding,
Peggy Ford, Dorothy Delaney,
Bill Graham, Sonny LeForte, Mae
Johnson. Also Ruby Richards,
Bill Saunders, Ruby Dalles, Aud