Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-05-05
Morsho|rs Statement on Revision of u N

BS1~ ~ W
by at least one of the major powers
and by number of other govern
ments now members OF the United
Nations. They advocate that in this
case the respective projects be put
into effect among such nations as
would accept them.
All OF these projects appear to
rest on the assumption that the
present unsatisfactory state OF
world affairs is a result of inability
on the part of the United Nations
to prevent aggression; that this in
ability arises from the exercise OF
the veto power in the Security
Council and the lack of a United
Nations police force: that If the
veto power on enforcement de-
cisions could be removed and the
United Nations provided with armed
forces. aggression could be pre-
vented, and that the principal bar
rier to world peace would thereby
cease to exist.
The general assumption rests !
think on an incomplete analysis of
our main problems Of foreign policy
at this juncture and of the part
which international organization
can play in solving them.
Underlying Problem.
The underlying problem in the
immediate future Is to bring about
the restoration of economic, social
and political health in the world
and to give to the peoples of the
world sense of security which is
essential for them to carry on the
task of recovery.
What is needed for the achieve
ment Of q world order based on law
and dedicated to peace and progress
is a widespread improvement in the
material and social well-being of
the peoples of the world. The re-
sponsibility for such improvement
will always rest primarily upon the
peoples and governments themselves.
In this field the United Nations,
however can play an increasingly
active role.
The factor Of military strength is
Of immediate and major Importance
in the present world situation: but
Is not the element which will be
paramount in the long run. The
emphasis often placed solely on the
military aspects of world affairs does
a disservice to the cause of peace.
The more that present differences
are talked about and treated exclu-
sively as a military problem, the
more they tend to become so.
The problems today presented to
those who desire peace are not
questions Of structure. Nor are they
problems solvable merely by new
forms Of organization. They require
performance of obligations already
undertaken, fidelity to pledges al
ready given. Basic human frailties
cannot be overcome by Charter pro-
visions alone, for they exist in the
behavior of men and governments.
Changes of Substance.
The suggestion that a revised
United Nations, or some form of
world government, should be
achieved, if necessary. without those
nations which would be unwilling to
join, deserves special attention. Such
a procedure would probably destroy
the present United Nations Organ
ization.
The result would be a disperal of
the community of nations, followed
by the formation of rival military
alliances and isolated groups of
states. This result would weaken us
and expose us to even greater dan
gers from those who seek DONNA
ton of other states.
1t is not changes in the form of
intercourse which we
now require. 1t is to changes of
substance that we must look for an
of the world situation.
And it is to those changes Of sub
stance that our policy has been di-
rected.
When the substance of the world
o1VooVioli AuplOFCS, IIlS OIllteQ
Nations will be able to function with
full effectiveness. Meanwhile, we
will continue our efforts in cooper
alton with other governments to i'm
prove the working of the United
Nations under the Charter.
The United Nations was created
after years Of study and after many
of difficult negotiations. 1t
now has SO members. 1t is the SYM
Dol of the aspirations of mankind.
Its success is the hope of mankind.
All new efforts to attain order and
organization in the affairs of men
require time to grow roots in the
[oyalties of men. The history of our
own people testifies to this neces-
'ity. Let us not in our impotence
and our fears sacrifice the hard
Won gains that we now possess in
he TJrifed Nof{nre Hrcn a{,ox{z-