davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-01-03
Timber Strike May Cut
Miners Production
BY the Assoeioted Press

PITTSBURGH, Jan. 3.-Twelve to
thirteen thousand timbermen and
sawmill workers in three States were
ordered off the job today in walk
out which a union spokesman said
would halt production of nearly
one-fourth Of the Nations coal
miners in three weeks.
The strikers, members of the
United Construction Workers, an
affiliate of the United Mine Workers
of America. produce mine props
used in pits in Western Pennsyl-
vania, Northern Virginia and two
counties in Maryland.
Thomas P. McTigue of Union
town, regional director of the UCW,
said timbermen, who now average
78Ea cents an hour, had asked an
increase of 261a cents.
"Our men can't live on 1871 cents, "
he declared.
Mr.. McTigue said negotiations
had been under way for two months
but that no wage offer had been
IOrCncOmlng from the Iu-SIate
Lumberman's Association, which
represents management.
CALIFORNIA, Pa, Jan. 3 tP.--
Officials of the United Mine Work
ers announced the week-long Hard
Hat" strike of 1,700 coal miners at
the Vesta No. pit of Jones &
Laughlin Steel Corp. will end Of
ficially tomorrow night.
UNIV District President John p
Busarello said the strikers voted 100
per cent to resume their jobs, ratify-
ing an amendment reached Wednes-
day.
Miners dropped their protest
against wearing hard safety helmets
in compliance with Federal regula-
tions.
Evening star., 1948-01-03
Floods Threaten Switzerland

GENEVA, Jan. 3 (R.-Flood warn
ings were sounded throughout
Switzerland today. Unseasonably
warm weather caused SHOWS to melt
even at 5000 feet.
Evening star., 1948-01-03
Two Killed in Pistol Duel

(See FRANCE, Page A-2).
Evening star., 1948-01-03

(See STORM, Page A-3D
Evening star., 1948-01-03

(See TAFT-HARTLEY, I
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21
The Quota System

Governor Dewey Of New York, focused the national
spotlight on one the lesser known evils OF race prejudice
last the system in admissions to institutions OF
higher learning.
Dewey signed bin outlawing the practice OF discrl-
mnatinc against applicants for admissions on grounds OF
race color OF national origin. OF course the right OF rei
gious or denomination institutions 10 operate exclusively
or primarily students OF their religious faiths IS re-
served.
great rarher ~ peepls shocked 70 learn that
most ~ olr INSTITUTIONS operate under quota system
that ls thew ony certain percentage OF Negroes
or Jews ara desrte scholastic qualifications me
reason rot vdey rshliczed IS that Is very DIFF
hcult charge n rrov There always other civ
on when an arrNcart is turned down.
The medical schools arc one II he most hagrsnt VIC
ators nj 'he traditional American rights Of equality and
opporunty praercrg this quota system recent ar
tice 10 national magazine did much 70 expose the sys
tenn works.
It would d. well n rs re 70 turn little attention
h Michigan and ,ha' he stem is in our own home
state A. mentioned e;ore the charges n dScrmna
ton under Quota hard 70 prove and even
harder when Tho facte. = Institution crowded
since many qealfed apQcan are turned down.
The .sc, nevertheless remains. that these same evils
are practced Mich well a. New York and should
be brought The foreground
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

munist and the fearful as
poets Of Their lnchnatl0ns are
magnified 10 suit the con-
venience OF those who wish
10 engage IN the type OF comic
opera politics which botn the
Republicans and Democrats
hav. developed 10 a nigh de-
gree OF by-kissing, flag
waving larcism.
Now a man IS not neccs-
sarilv d communist if he Oh
lects and continues 10 object
10 being ll-clothed lll-housed,
lll-ied; segregated against.
sub educated. Disseminated
against in employment can
not save from his meager
earnings. is inhibited oy bur
densome taxes from owning
the land upon which he would
live. and sees the non-pro-
ductlve amass billions while
advocating controls for him.
Il might be good to under.
stand that under certain con-
ditions Democracy Is no
better than communism"
The condition IN which this
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

is true Is when Democracy
forsets. n It's effort 10 please
q favored few. neglects the
welfare OF the many, when
freedom 10 criticize is taken
away from the humblest cit
izen by indirect methods Of
tear and ostraclsm
When Democracy" takes on
the flavor OF fascism by IN
terpreting the laws for the
benefit OF privilege; when the
Constitution finds itself sec
tional in character and its
provisions are workable only
in parts OF the country while
other parts are able by way
OF local politics TO destroy
IFS effectiveness.
We are thinking Of Civil
Rights. Not as any race or
segment of the nation but of
all the people Of America. In
a perpetuation OF the princi-
pies of Democracy the key
stone Is CIVIL RIGHTS and
the mortar with which the
keystone is kept in place is
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

a. means Of meeting us
manpoWer requirements. II
Congress REEVES the draft
These services believe they
can obtain the cream OF the
recruits through voluntary
enliStments.
How Will the proposed ad
Visor, committee know What
~ advise Nj Forrsstsl ~
order 10 require these, two
services 20 accept colored
Youths. meeting their enlist
mont standards. Who may de-
sire 20 enter either the Air
Force OF tho Navy7
The Air Force has never
made effective utilization Of
IT'S colored personnel During
the war II accepted a per-
centage of colored inductees
because former Secretary Of
War Henry l.. Sumson re-
quired IL TO do so. but il
organized aviation squadrons.
separate" and put most of
IT'S colored personnel into such
Squadrons. whose mission was
to do whatever the command
ing officer Of field ordered
them 70 do-pick up paper OF
dig bitches.
For long time after pas
sage OF the 1910 Selective
Service Act the Navy would
not accept any nductees from
Selective Service because il
wanted colorcd men for serv-
ice IN ITS messmens branch
only.
II would seem that Mr.
Forl eStal would see 10 II that
each Army area headquarters
would place colored repre-
sentativcs on such committees
rather than set up a Jim
Grow committee to advise him
on matters relating to Ne
groes.
While Secretary Of the NAVY
Mr.. Forrestal was responsible
Tor Navy policy calling for
the indignation OF colored per-
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

,here is not any outright en-,
dorsement by the MACE oil
the program he outlined lor
forcing the ban !.
As 10 the second query, II
;s obvious that the Senator
was inconsiderste of an I'm,
nortant fact. IF the majority
hss 60, 10 be educated Tor
racial indignation IN tne
armed services and for tol-
GRANGE for all Americans, re-
eardless OF race, then IKE
wise honest consideration
must be given the oppressed
minority in its determined
struggle for rights denied. The
NAACP is spearheadine, In
patriotic manner, the all-ou'
attach on the evils and It's
position should not be leop-
ardized,
The organization IS not
private business, iraternal
lodge. or club. though Its com
nonent parts are so represent
Cd but II is an organization
~ the masses Of a minority
whose goals America knows.
From all indications, as
asked m the final question
above. Senator Morse did not
give careful attention MOI con-
sheraton 10 the significance
~ MIR Rsndolphs testimony.
For II he had. he would have
reslzed that many OF the
loval American Negroes who
approve the labor leaders
plan are supporting the
NAACP IN us fight
Thus We can understand
tho position adroitly taken by
Mr. White on the issue. II he
had compiled with the Sen
ator's demand the results
would have undoubtedly meant
disruption OF existing har-
monv in tho organization,
The NAACP Is severely
criticized now on several local
levels FOR going along with
what is termed "subsldizatlon
bv fifth columnists' That
will not be tolerated on a
top level This does not mean
there is sufficient evidence
against the Senator 70 place
him in that category Under
the circumstances. his action
is quite well understood.
Mr. Whites reply 10
Senator Morse in letter
docs credit 10 the former as
militant and able leader
Of the NAACP Disavowing
"civn dlsobedience as an et-
iectve technique for solving
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

The "Gentlcmens Agree
ment" OF 1876 in relation 20
what was 20 be the attitude
of the North and the South
toward the Negro must be
reversed. and the nation must
prove rs ability to make de-
mocracy really work now for
Americans of color
The treatment Of this group
has become the source from
which poison flows into the
bones and sinews Of the body
and soul Of America, carrying
spiritual decay within and
growing fear and distrust
abroad
II is up TO the so-called
white man of the world TO
prove by spirit and deed that
his paramount aim is not TO
dominate and hold in political
and economic slavery the col
ored peoples OF the world.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

politan areas. even then, we're
not considered in same lam
guage as the aforementioned
BPWD.
But 10 return to the mo-
ment. For the next z or 8
days OUR CITY will be the
center of varied and interest.
ing musical events. Impending
is the week-long Music Edu.
Gators Conference of national
scope: Wednesday, April 81,
in the Lecture Hall OF the
Detroit Institute Of Arts is
the opening program pre-
sented by the Chamber of
Music. in its fourth oonsecu-
tive season Of Chamber Music
Festival, Nellie Watts present
ed Sunday night up-and-com-
ing basso profundo Kenneth
Spencer, Scottish Rite Cathed-
raj: Tenor Roland Hayes APP
pears al Hartford Baptist
Church. and Soprano Celeste
Cole presented a select group
OF vocal students at the Mac
Gregor Public Library.
On another rung Of musical
scale came the former Ethel
Waters. Sarah Vaughn, Eu-
gene Nero, and Norman
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

OF course all expression be-
lng ire produce Of thought,
cannot DC the same in either
quality OF conslstence and be-
cause OF tins fact IS bound 70
o. .npopulas in some quar-
tiers
HoWeyer We are brought
20 Questioning just how iaI
cu- Den 9cratipnop4a Is go
InE G ward .nhlbiting free
speech Il seems that the pres
eni leaning IS toward perpet-
lat.ne TIE status quo what
ever thst means 70 certain
people ard IN 50 doins this
leaning IN Us determination
n save the dominant IN
rlbits the constitutional free
speech clause oy name-calling
and Gerision. There are many
patriotic Americans who are
very dissatisfied with the
status quo" When they diff
fer with those who wish TO
perpetuate ard cont.nue TO
IMPOSE Gutocratc dictatorship
n the name OF Democracy
Upon the unthink!ng American
Public trey are labeled com
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

] Individual and unfettered
scaicn after truth and sub
mission thereto as found FOR
the agc r which we live as
rcspon Die members Of q
mankind which IS one IN one
world
2 Condemnation 81 al forms
~ Upersiitlon and prejudice.
3 Recognition that the fun
damental pun pose Of religion
g. promote concord and
Ma uuny that it must 60 hand
n hand with science, and that
i constitutes the sale and ul-
tmate basis Of = peaceful. and
ordered and progressive So
cicts
medication Of the prin-
cipie Of equal opportunity,
rights and privileges for all
mankind
IS Adoption Of universal
education program.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

GRAM Jazz at Philharmonic. .
Noble Sissle, well known
anC liked here, is booked for
Art Institute April 20, with
an aggregation of exceptional
ly talented musicians. vocal
and instrumental; young. am
bilious and striving for mus
ical and concert recognition.
Back when we were in our
youth, we early became ia
miliar with the musical mus
es. This came about through
our Sunday afternoon attend
ances at orchestra and band
concerts given by local mus
icians as Fred Stone. Harry
Guy. Jack" johnson, Ben
Shook, ct al.
With the desire 20 be charit-
able In our views: Mayhap
Detroit then of small proper
tions in population, had fewer
places of interest 20 60. But at
the former Sunday afternoon
concerts IL was usual 10 at
tract 200 and 300 (old) De-
troiters 10 these affairs. This
number was about 10 per cent
Of colored habitsnts OF the
city.
Not bad, chi
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

The former beautiful Old
Town. prim. spick, and clean,
enjoyed in those halcyon days
Of us growth, a reputation
for culture that sadly was
whisked away with the in
rush Of "invasioners' reeking
with the "five-dollsr per-day
desire
The smoke and fuihe and
dust and roar that accompa-
MED the rearing Of factories
the huffing and putting OF
thousands Of metal and me-
chanical objects once termed
horseless carriages. forced
her well-covered and sedate
willy nilly. Dame Detroit. 10
knee caps. with a kerplunk
so sudden and shocking, 20
incapacitate the Dear Old
Soul almost a full quarter Of
a century.
As this commentator recalls
the then cultural centers
were Boston, Philadelphia,
Washington and Detroit, In
order named.
Of course there were New
York and Chicago. cities TO
be reckoned with, but the
culture Of these large metro
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21
THE TRIBUNE-Now TWICE WEEKLY!

II is with great pleasure and pardonable pride that
announce the change Of the Detroit TRIBUNE from
weekly publication 70 twice weekly. The TRIBUNE your
hometown newspaper will you from your newsstand
in your carriers hand at your door with the latest and
most upto-date
The TRIBUNE will be on the streets every TUESDAY
AND FRIDAY instead Of Wednesday, formerly
The TRIBUNE will be the only Negro newspaper in
Detroit bringing you fresh news twice weekly
Times change. and so must News happens so fast
these DAYS that week too long TO wait and find what
is happening on the relations frcnt
The airpane, the radio, the several editions of the
daily press, the telegraph and the telephone, have a ]
made the transmission Of rapid that the weekly
newspaper has just about become outmoded and ouof
date.
II the Negro press Is 10 keep up with modern times
must speed its production and reach its readers before
news becomes history.
The TRIBUNE realizing this has stepped up its sche-
dule to give the latest mad comprehensive news
coveraRe.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21


In the first place, there is
no useful purpose such a com
mittee can serve in relation
to colored personnel IN the
armed services. The ranlfica-
tions Of the military estab-
lishment arc too intricate for
group of men 10 compre-
hend unless they devote them
selves daily 10 The study OF
n'illisrv problems
The Congress currently ps
considering legislation TO re-
vlve the draft. The bill spon-
sored BY Representative Wal
ter G. Andrews of New York.
chairman Of the House Armed
Services Committee. provides
THAT under the provisions of
applicable laws and regula
tionS any person between the
ages of eighteen and thirty
five shall be afforded an OPP
portuniiy 10 enlist in any OF
the Regular armed forces OF
the United States in which
vacancy exists" for a period
Of twenty-four months
. On its face. there is nothing
wrong with this provision But
10 anyone who knows any
thing about Army practices it
affords an opportunity ioI the
rankest kind Of racial discrim-
ination.
Under Army policy, colored
personnel Is restricted To 10
per cent of Army strength.
ColOred men may enlist only
In vacancies in existing coll
ored units. The Army esti-
mates the number of vacan-
cics there will be in colored
units in a given month. breaks
down its estimates BY Army
areas, Army areas break il
down by recruiting stations.
and the quotient is the mum.
Der Of colored men station
may recruit for that month.
The United States Air
Forces and the Navy will dis
dain 10 use selective service
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

sonnet in the Navy. This pol
icy has never been nipple
mented to any degree. Col.
ored personnel represents not
quite 4 per cent OF the NavyS
strength. About 80 per cent oi
inc 1900 colored men IN
the Navy are in The messmens
branch.
Colored personnel IS gieatlr
restricted IN the Marine Corr
There are only three colorei
male officers and one colored
nurse on active duty IN the
Nav There are no colorod
pilots IN the Navy. There Is
no unit OF the Naval Reserve
Officers Training Corps a,
single colorcd college, ard
only twelve colored youths
are enrolled in the Navy
ROTC IN northern colleges.
II Mr. Forrestal intends 10
carry out the directions o,
President Truman and take
steps 10 wipe out discrlmina-
ton in the armed forces. he
might set up committee
within the Department OF Ma
tional Defense. including n
its membership represent
tives Of the Army, Navy. and
Air Force. and colored civilian
and commissioned personnel
This committee would DC
charged with the duty Of elm
mating discriminatory prac-
ticeS Such a committee
worked we'll in the War De.
partment during the wal. one
OF ITS accomplishments being
the order forbidding race dis
elimination in post theatres
and exchanges and on Gov
ernment transportation facil
tiles.
Any colorcd person who &C
cepts appointment on Nh
Forrestals proposed Jim Grow
committee will not only stul
tify himself but will rendor
a dtsservice 10 the strengthen
inc Of civil rights in thi
country.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

6. Abolition OF extremes Of
poverty and wealth
Z The exaltation Of work
performed in the spirit OF
service TO the rank OF work
ship.
8 Adoption OF an auxiliary
international language
9. Provision of the necessary
agencies for the establishment
and safeguarding Of d per
manent and universal peace
based on justice for all within
and between nations affiliated
in federation of nations
under a world constitution,
police force and court made
possible by each member ma
ton surrcndering a sufficient
amount OF their individual
sovereignty 10 constitute q
sovereign world federal gov
eminent.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

the race problem" he stated
that sufficient courage can
be mustered by the govern
ment to do the simple thing
which will make unnecesSary
and unthinkable any campaign
OF civil disobedience. That
simple act is to wipe OUT
segregation forthwith"
Continuing, Mr.. White made
clear that I'VE have not coun
seled Negroes TO refuse 10
serve their country. We would
be less than honest and gross
lv derelict TO the membership
OF the NAACP and TO America
itself II we did not say blunt,
ly that the Negro is total,
fed up with segregation IN
the armed forces and will op
pose in every legitimate and
legal fashion such segrega-
ton"
In closing his reply. hc
raped Congress as having
engaged in the cheapest POI
tics and added II is openlv
reported that the Republican
are debating how little thcg
can do on the civil rights pro
gram and still attract Negro
support.
They are reported to favor
an enasculated anti-lynchinE
bill. over looking the demand
for abolition of the poll tax
and freedom TO secure jobs
on merit through FEPC Law.
believing that the Negro vote
can be purchased by passage
OF one emasculated bill. On
the other side Of the aisle
there is little difference of
attitude"
That for the NAACP il =
tenable stand.
We stated recently our p0-
sition. and repeat that we be-
leve that ends desired can
be achieved without an IN.
famous draft walk-out.
Thus far. from all inoica-
tons. the Armed Service
Committee has decided 20
leave the matter OF searega
ton and discrimination in the
armed forces up 20 the dis.
erection OF the field command
ers.
However. that by far doc
not solve the issue. Bias Isl
going to be fought during this
cold war" and IL necesSary
during the pending shooting
war-it VIII continue 20 be
opposed by minorities with
every legitimate means until
eliminated.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

Senator Wayne Morse. Re
publican OF Oregon, and
member Of the NAACP Board
OF directors demanded oi Mr..
White an unequlvocsl re-
lection and Reputation OIL
A. Philip Randoiph's civil dis
obedience proposal 10 any
compulsory military training
or service law Congress may
adopt without a ban on race
bias.
Speaking on the floor Of
the Senate, Senator Morse
tried 10 haul the NAACP
across the barrel when ne
declared that he wanted TO
know how far Mr.. White
would go, as secretary OF
that association, in supporting
Mr Randolph's position. be-
cause If he or the other Of
ficialS of that association are
going to support TO any de-
gree whatsoever Mr.. Ran
dolph $ civil disobedience pro-
gram. | serve notice now that
| shall disasSociate myself
from the board OF directors
Of that association.
Il Is necessary 10 ask sey-
srsl pertinent questions here
and now about the Senator
from Oregon: % Just why
did ne make such 2 hasty
and fortnight demand OF Mr.
White7 90 Was the avowed
position OF the NAACP as an
enemy Of segregation and dis
elimination considered ? 81
Did he give careful thought
70 Mr. Randolph's testimony
relative TO the attitude Of
many race citizens about bear
ing arms in q biased army
again?
From here. the answer IN
the first question appears 10
be this. Senator Morse at
teinpttu 20 use tnC NAANf as
a cats paw 10 fish the chest
nuts out OF the fire tossed in
by Mr. Randolph. Yet, the
latter was not representing
the MACE.
There Is another obserVa-
ton worthy Of note As a
member OF the NAACP board
OF directors. and deeply con-
ccrned about the majority
reaction 10 the Randolph
program. the Congressman
probably acted TO save his
face.
With Nj Randolph's con-
tention that bias should be
eliminated in the armed for
ces there is agreement. but
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

..mericanism. Veterans of For
Rights.
W. article observes, I'VE dont
forget them in time Of war
because when foreign enemies
threaten our rights we cal
upon every citizen-regardles
OF his creed. color or racia
oackground--to help defend
the same privileges which
tht Civil Rights Committee
now suggests be guaranteed
by law.
We have seen no comment;
on civil rights which excels
tnis for clarity, directnesS, and
sound patriotic expression
me v. p, W. deserves praise
for IL.
When we. therefore, contend
for human rights In aceord-
ance with traditional Ameri-
can principles, we have allies.
among them the 1000. 900 Vet
Grams Of Foreign Wars.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

ne lives or what his racial.
religious or national origin
may be"
Next. the V. F. w. article
affirms that those views ex-
pressed by the Civil Rights
Committee In l947 are iden-
tical to the principles of de-
mocracy which our forefathers
wrote into the Declaration of
independence 10 years AGO
when they stated-'we hold
these truths TO be self-evident
mat all men are created equal.
that they are endowed bv
Their Creator with certain
lnalicnable rights: that among
these are life, liberty and
the pursuit Of happiness"
Some Americans forge,
these principles in time ~
peace although. a. the v.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21

Inc pOSitlon taken by the
V. F. w. rests on sound re-
asoning and is undeniably cor
rect.
The article first cites some
OF the recommendations OF
the Presidents Committee on
Civil Rights-"enactment of
federal laws against lynching.
the poll tax and racial dis
crimination"-action by Con-
gress and the state legislatures
10 outlaw segregation and
discrimination based on race.
color creed. or national orr
gin on public transportation
systems, in public schools
hospitals, theatres, restaurants
in the armed services and In
private employnient"-the ne
cessity Of guaranteeing "the
same rights 20 every person
regardless Of who he is, where
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21
Nations Capital
Secretary Forrestas Plan To Appoint An Advisory Committee
On Negroes Will Mean Nothing To Race Military Personnel
By Louis Lautier
For NNPk News Service


o
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1948-04-21
What About You?
OF The Quo Are Multiplying Civil Rights
By Smearng Those Who Object To Being Kept In Oppression
BY
VICTOR L. HICKS

ID II Aneaea
right with
desire O e