davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-02-18
DC-4 Lands as Smoke
From Fire on Ground
Sets OFF Its Alarm
By fhe Assoeiofed Press

NEWARK, N. j., Feb. 18.-
Six minutes after a New Or
leans-bound DC-4 passenger
plane of Eastern Air Lines took
off from Newark Airport last
night, its fire alarm system
indicated presence of blaze.
The plane returned to the
airport safely. The first pilot,
Capt. Charles E. Fisher, check
ed the plane, but no fire was
found. The passengers were
unaware of the reason for
landing.
Airline officials said a new
fire alarm system was overly
sensitive and was set off by
smoke from a lumber yard fire
near the airport. The plane
resumed its trip 81 minutes
after its first departure at
1927 pm.
Evening star., 1948-02-18
FuIkIunds
Continued From First Page.)

declared that any attempt by for
eign power to seize territory claimed
by Chile in the Antarctic will be
considered an aggression against
all the nations of the Americas"
The bad habits of antiquated
European imperialisms threaten
with armed violence to seize these
lands of ours from Chile and Amer
ica." Gonzalez Videla said in an
obvious reference to the Western
Hemisphere pact approved in Brazil
last August and binding the Ameri-
can nations to mutual defense.
Britain claims territory both East
and West of the 10th parallel, which
Argentina and Chile consider their
boundary below the South American
Continent. Britain says the island
groups there are part of the Falk-
lands group, whose main islands are
off Argentina's east coast.
Both Argentina and Chile have
laid claims in the area, which in
cludes such groups as the South
Georgia, the South Orkneys and the
South Shetlands.
In London a high British govern
ment source said the three-nation
dispute may be turned over to the
United Nations, although Britain
would prefer to see the matter settled
privately. A government official dis
counted speculation that the dispute
might lead to a break in relations
among the three nations. He added,
however, that Britain has no inten-
ton of abandoning a perfectly
good" claim.
In Canberra, Joseph Abbott, a
member of the Australian Parlia-
ment, asked Prime Minister J. B.
Chif1ey whether Australia would
send warship to stand by Britain.
Mr. Chif1ey replied no official sug-
gestion to that effect had been
made, but if it were, it would be
given consideration. Australia claims
big sections of Antaractica, al
though she is not involved in the
Ealk12nHS POrtrOUorcv
Evening star., 1948-02-18
Government Drops
Alleged Red Witness
In ChristoffeI Trial

An alleged Communist who had
refused to testify on grounds that
he might incriminate himself was
withdrawn today as a Government
witness against Howard Christoffel
in the District Court trial of the
one time Milwaukee labor leader.
Christoffel is accused of perjury
before the House Labor Committee
last March l when he denied Com
munistic connections.
Although Judge Edward M. Cur
ran ruled that the witness, Fred B.
Blair, described as the chairman of
the Communist Party of Wisconsin,
could be required to answer two
questions, Government counsel
announced the witness would be
withdrawn.
Blair had refused to answer from
the stand yesterday when asked If
he was acquainted with the defend
ant. Christoffel had told the House
committee under oath he did not
know Blair and never was associated
with the Communist movement.
Rogge Asks Mistrial.
Defense Attorney o. John Rogge
renewed his motion for a mistrial,
contending that the prosecution
knew in advance that Blair's an
swers would be negative and that
the Government only placed him on
the stand to prejudice the jury. The
defense was overruled on this point
by Judge Curran.
1t was agreed by stipulation that
Christoffel, who is "a, was president
of the CIO United Automobile
Workers local at the Allis- Chalmers
plant in Milwaukee from 1887
through 1914. Two costly strikes oc-
CURED at the plant, one in 1941 and
second which began in April, 1916,
and continued until last March.
The House committee, which
heard Christoffel's disavowalf of
Communist effiliations, was investi-
eating the extent of subversive pro-
motion behind the strikes, which
stopped production of critical items
like tractors and heavy turbines
when they were needed for the war
effort and for postwar .reconversion
! Quorum Is Argued.
John S. Platt, special assistant to
the Attorney General, read to the
jury Christoffel's denial that he
knew Blair or that he ever had been
a Communist or associated with
Communistic activities.
For more than an hour today,
Mr.. Rogge argued, in the absence
of the jury. that the Government
had not proved a quorum was pres
ent when the House committee took
Christoffels testimony. The Gov
ernment contended that both the
record of the hearing and yester-
days testimony by Chairman Hart
ley, Republican, of New Jersey had
established that the required quorum
of 13 members was present. The
judge upheld the Government.
Another witness today is expected
to be Glenn Clarke, secretary and
treasurer of the Milwaukee County
CIO Council
Evening star., 1948-02-18
Red Hookeys DiscIoimed
By Yuaosiuys in Chile

The Yugoslav community in Chile
has presented a signed statement
to the Minister of Interior disclaim-
ing any connection with two Yugo-
|slav diplomatic agents there who
recently were expelled as commit
mist agitators, Santiago reports.
In reply, the minister assured
them that the republic has COM
plete confidence in the Yugoslav
community.
Evening star., 1948-02-18
Prices and Housing Helping
Cut Birth Rate, Session Told

The high cost of living and in
adequate housing are factors in this
countrys declining birth rate, ac-
cording to Ray H. Everett, executive
secretary of the Social Hygiene So
ciety, 927 Fifteenth street NV.
Mr.. Everett spoke last night be-
fore the concluding session of the
fifth annual Christian School in
the Nations Capital at Calvary
Evening star., 1948-02-18
Budqet
Continued From First Page. }

Continued From First PageO
tive only if the Appropriations Com
mittees of both houses succeed in
cutting the IL annual appropriation
bills to keep them under this ceiling
The resolution also will require
House action but does not require
the Presidents signature.
Senator Bridges called on the
Evening star., 1948-02-18
Brotherhood Week Set

ANNAPOLIS, Md, Feb. 18 (P.-
BY proclamation of Gov. Lane, next
week will be brotherhood week" in
Maryland. The observance of BROTH
erhood week is sponsored each year
by the National Conference of
Christians and Jews.
Evening star., 1948-02-18

Baptist Church. The schoo, 4.
sponsored by the Washington rssA
Grafton of Churches.
Mr.. Everett said prices and ho,.
ing act as a sort of ''involuntsrv
birth control" on young marriaJ
couples, particularly veterans trv-
ing to live on a small income
With hamburger at 60 cents
pound and with housing what il is
it's difficult for young couples ro
visualize a crop of youngsters tod.
ding around one-room apart.
ment," Mr.. Everett said.
Pointing out that marriages
reached their peak in 1916 and the
birth rate in 1947, the Sociolooist
declared that the current decline
in both marriages and births was
to be expected. The economic fac
tors merely serve to add impetus
to the normal decline, he said.
Evening star., 1948-02-18

said that whether the Millikin plan
increases the tax reduction odds Is
"a matter of opinion"
II don't want to pass on that"
Senator Taft added. =
Evening star., 1948-02-18
ADVERTISEMENT.
Beware Coughs
frem esnmsa sslds
That Hang On

Creomulsion relieves promptly be-
cause 1t goes right to the seat OF the
trouble TO help loosen and expel
germ laden phlegm, and aid nature
to soothe and heal raw, tender, In
famed bronchial mucous mem
branes. Tell your druggist to 1ell you
q bottle Of CreomulMon with the un-
derstanding you must like the way II
quickly allays the cough or you Aze
TO have your money back.
CIRCUMCISION
eoF coGghs. Chest Colds. aroneafds
Evening star., 1948-02-18

TYPE TRAFFIC LIGHT-A larger stop signal with
lighted green red bar lines to show motorists and
pedestrians when and which began operating today at
the southwest of Fourteenth and streets NV 1t
being by Electric Power workmen,
right Bill Hawkins Mamore and Norman Stansbury
Star Staff Photo
Evening star., 1948-02-18

Ecuador Buys U. S. Planes
A new air freight service in Ecua-
dor is trying to buy war surplus
planes in the United States.
Evening star., 1948-02-18
PoIishes better, too! No other

toothpaste gives you the benefits of the patented
cleansing agent and the exclusive polishing agent usec
in LYONS Toothpaste! AS result no other toothpaste
gets teeth as bright. By actual laboratory test,
Lyons Toothpaste gets teeth "a to SO times brighter
than any toothpaste you've ever heard about, bought
or used! For proof, see chart below.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-03-02

say that segregation and discrim'
nation, the poll tax and unfair
employment practices should cease
together with lynchings. Coulc
pathos be more pathetic than fol
the states to have governors who
would favor lynching and the poll
tax and unfair employment prac-
tees and segregation? In other
words these governors are clam
oring for more lynchings, more
unfairness in employment, more
poll tax to help circumvent the
suffrage guaranteed by the Con-
stitution of the United States.
They want, of course, more and
better segregation.
Henry Wallace is a communist
because he wants to see an end
of lynching, segregation, the poll
tax and unfair employment prac-
tees. Yet there are states in the
Union that do not have segrega-
ton, nor the poll tax, with legis-
lation against unfair employment
practices and of course no haven
for lynchers. Are these states
communist?
The south-my beloved south
is pathetic; but there is hope, yes
abundant hope! The travail thru
which the south is passing is not
it's dying groans but growing
pains! The south is growing and
the great noise being made is
greatest proof thereof. Morally
the south today is outgrowing any
other part of our nation!
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-03-02

CHICAGO, March 2. CAMP
"You can't elbow your way to
freedom!"
This is the reminder white
writer and University of Chicago
instructor Milton Mayer makes in
a March Negro Digest article en-
titled Negroes Are Almost AS
Bad AS Whites" which describes
a harmless incident that neverthe-
less nearly got him lynched by
Negroes.
"Hey, lady, take it easy" is all
that Mayer said when a Negro wo-
man elbowed him out Of his place
at the head of the line on a sta
ton platform, "But that started
off a near riot" he adds.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-03-02

at finished short Of a lynching
and it was / who was just about
lynched."
Mayer explains in the Negro
Digest feature that it was all a
case of mistaken identity because
81 am not a white man, socially
speaking, but a Jew. S a Jew I
am so busy being oppressed my
self that l have no time to OPP
press Negroes. But the way to
cure oppressor is through shame"
He continues
"Elbowing an oppressor in pub
lie makes it easy for him to de-
fend segregation to himself. By
offering the oppressor love, you
shame him into offering you real
freedom"
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-03-02
III Lines
BY Dean G. B. Hancock for AMP

~
/ ment and exploitation of Negroes,
They get their greatest glory in
"lording it over'' poor defenseless
| Negroes, whom they have subju-
gated through hundreds of years
of unrewarded labors. Their only
means of knowing they are
white" seems to be in comparing
themselves with black men. They
are only great in comparison with
degraeded and subjucated Negroes.
Herein lies the pathos of the sit
uation!
The Buld-blooded white man of
the south and his descendants feel
their own intrinsic worth, and do
not have to degrade Negroes, or
look upon degraded Negroes to
become conscious of their worth.
Even in the days of slavery these
better bred whites saw the
tragedy of slavery and wanted to
see it ended. Their superior breed
ing and training untitled them to
be slave drivers. There was some
thing in their makeup that re-
volted at the servant master sit
uation.
Some of these even taught their
slaves to read and write but the
poorer overseer class and his de-
scendants have always exulted in
being "better than" somebody
and the only somebody they could
be "better than" was the poor,
ignorant, subjugated Negro. And
so they have chung t~enacious1y to
the glory that inheres in "lording
it over" Negroes. Take this away
and their whiteness becomes un-
availing. Take away their power
to Cypress and suppress Negroes
and you take away the burden of
their speech and the music of
their song!
My beloved south is pathetic!
We e our governors weeping
and gnashing their teeth, just be-
cause President Truman dared to
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-03-02

The south is pathetic! 1t has
been "solid" a long time but more
recently it has become pathetic,
pathetic in its feverish efforts to
stem the tide of democracy and
brotherhood. The world is crying
for democracy and the south is
crying against it; the world is
longing for brotherhood and the
south is spurning it.
My beloved south is pathetic!
It is striving to be an island Of
segregation and discrimination
and lynching in a sea of democrcy
and humanity. The most pathetic
part about the south's plight is,
it is fighting a losing fight. The
south can no more stem the tide
that is pressing upon it than it
a dam the Mississippi river. The
fact is, there are noble souled
whites of the south who see the
danger in the course the south has
been following; they know what
evils have come and which are
likely to come of an attempt to
permanently subjugate it's Negro
citizens.
These whites have seen the
handwriting on the wall and are
ready to let the Negroes go. AS
between destroying their own souls
and saving the Negroes they are
quite willin gto save the Negro if
thereby they themselves can be
saved. They know that in this way
and in no other, can the south and
nation be saved.
But pathetically enough, we
have a certain sector of the south.
remnants of the days of Hoke
Smith, Tom Watson, Ben Tillmen
and Vardaman, and the yare SEEM
ingly willing to destroy them
selves and their beloved south in
order to relive again the days of
reconstruction and slavery. Dear
to their hearts are lynching, domi-
nation, segregation, disfranchise-
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-03-02

You get better results by ad-
vertising in the Daily Express.
Evening star., 1948-01-14

be able to do as well with the
Dodgers as the quiet Burt Shotton?
II you want my answer to the ques.
tion, here is it: He won't.
Distributed By McNausht Syndicate. Inc,)
Evening star., 1948-01-14

British Navy to nsnfs mcIemore'
a great big, old walnut desk in the
Admiralty at Whitehall? When
Princess Elizabeth said, II do," did
that automatically make Philip
naval strategist Of the class OF
Mahan, Nelson, John Paul Jones
and/or Tugboat Annie?
90 Did the "death-bed" marriage
| of Carol and Magda make her a
grade-A ex-uueen so that Wally
Simpson would have to curtsy when
they met?
(c) Stalin's health. VIII we ever
get q casket instead of rumor?
There is. no nicer way for an Amer
lean to start morning than to read
that Uncle Joe is ailing. It bright
ems the eye, cheers the heart and
gives lift to the step to read that
there Is a good chance that the
final curtain may fall on the man
who invented the iron one.
Cd Was Gen. IKE" Eisenhower
helped by the fact that Milton was
his brother-or vice versa? In other
words, did "Ike" become supreme
commander because Milton was
president of Kansas State Univer-
sity, or did Milton become president
of Kansas State because Ike was
supreme commander?
(e) How does white-collar
worker with wife and family pay
his grocery bills in this era Of pros
perity? I am talking Of the man
who has no union to bargain for
him, no owner to give him d raise
voluntarily, no coupons to clip. How,
II ask you, does this man pay his
rent, dress his family well and neatly
on q salary a coal miner wouldn't
work four days for2 When politi-
clans talk of the '1ittle man" they
may be looking the wrong way to
find him.
With Durocher back, problems
like these will have to be thought
about by others. With Durocher's
return, this country's heavy think
ers will have to turn their talents
toward George Raft, Memphis"
Engleberg and Laraine Days out
fits.
Starting with the 1948 baseball
season we must worry about Duro-
cher's dressing room talk, his advice
to hitting third basemen, his
selection Of a medal for a pitcher
who can go full inning, and his
relationship with that most gracious
Of gentlemen, Branch hickey.
With the Lips return to the game
that sprang from Abner Doubleday,
we're not going to be able to worry
about the elections in France, the
Labor Party's efforts in England,
Evening star., 1948-01-14

responsibility IN the present world
situation. Whether it defines its
role with affirmative action as in the
Marshall Plan or some version Of it,
or by retreating negatively into iso-
lation, that responsibility must be
fairly faced and plainly argued.
2. Any serious attempt by the Re-
publican Congress to ignore that re-
sponsibility might break the Repub-
lican Party in two or at least create
serious breach which would put in
hazard the presidential election.
Beginning Of Story.
The story of Mondays meeting
really begins when Senator Vanden-
berg, chairman of Foreign Relations,
acting from patriotic conviction, un-
dertook to put some form Of the
Marshall Plan through the Congress
his party controls. Mr.. Vandenberg
has the fervent support Of party
internationalists, chiefly Fasteners,
who are strong in money, in chan
nels Of public opinion and. in the
pivotal States which swing elections.
But some Senators, chiefly from
West OF the Mississippi, were ag-
grieved. They were wary both of
the principle and the cost. They
grumbled privately, however, until.
the first weeks testimony on the
plan showed that even among Demo-
Gratis differences existed which could
open the way to crippling amend
ments.
They began to talk of war coun-
Gil, approached various elder states
men, also Westerners but long in ex-
perience of what unchecked party
vendettas can cost. The old hands
did not attempt to call off the con-
ference; they joined it.
Thus die-hards and middle
grounders rang the doorbell of Sem
ator Reed of Kansas who offered
his spacious, centrally located apart
ment for Mondays occasion. They
were, besides Reed:
Acting Majority Leader Wherry
Of Nebraska; Bricker, Ohio; Brooks,
ILL.,; Ball, Mimi; Knowland, Cal;
Buck and Williams, Del; Capehaft
and Jenner, Ind; Robertson, Wyo.;
Revercomb. West Va; Young, N. D.;
KEN, Mo-; Dworshak, Idaho; Cain,
Wash; Malone, New; Hawkes., N. j.;
Ecton, Mont. and Mccarthy, Wis.
Conspicuously absent-the con-
ferees planned it that way-were the
Big Three of the Senate, Leader
White, Taft, Millikin; all majority
Evening star., 1948-01-14
On. the Record
Fosters Replies on Communist Party
Both Correct and False, but Misleading

| to be formed by including social
democrats who, in the face of fas-
cism, were ready to break with their
former compromises with the bour-
geoisie. But this collaboration was
not to represent any basic Commu-
mist compromise whatsoever.
eve are in favor of united party
that serves the interests of the pro-
letarian revolution"
Five conditions were laid down for
such unity:
% 1.-The party must be absolutely
independent of bourgeois parties.
(2) "All connections with the
bourgeoisie must be destroyed.
90 'The necessity Of the revolu-
tionary overthrow of the rule of the
bourgeoisie and the establishment
Of the dictatorship of the proletariat
in the form Of Soviets must be &C
tcepted.
a. There shall be no support of
the bourgeoisie In the event OF i'm
perialist' war, and
60 1.-THE party shall be built on
democratic centralism'." In plain
English, that means blind obedience.
Foster Was Delegate.
Mr.. Foster was delegate to that
conference and voted for all its reso-
lutions. And these are exactly the
conditions imposed on the postwar
unity parties in Europe. These
are coalitions only in the sense that
the left-wing Social Democrats have
accepted Communist theses, leader
ship and authority.
Mr.. Foster also accepts them, and
so, if Henry Wallace continues to re-
ceive Communist support, must he.
Mr.. Fosters loyalty" to the
United States consists in believing
that it is to the best interests of
the United States eventually to join
a world union of Socialist and Soviet
Republics under Russia's leadership.
That does not preclude treason, If
treason has any meaning whatso-
ever.
AL Communists speak of the So
Wet Union as their "fatherland." At
this Seventh Congress, Marcel Ca
chin, one, of the French delegates,
said, Comrades, all the parties Of
the Communist International have
never been more attached than at
the present time to their fatherland,
the Soviet Union -,.s---..
When Dimitrov, long head of the
Comintern and now head of the
Bulgarian government, faced the
German supreme court in the
Reichstag fire trial, being unjustly
accused, he said:
II am defending my political and
revolutionary honor . my Com
munist theology and the significance
of my whole life =. Therefore,
every word I say is the absolute
truth.
For me, as Communist, the
highest law is the program of the
Communist International, and its
supreme court is the control COM
mission of the Communist Interna-
tional."
Dimitrov did speak the absolute
truth. The question which should
have been put to Mr.. Foster was
whether his own position is that of
Dimitrov. If it were not, he would
not be for five minutes longer head
of the American Communist Party.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc)
Evening star., 1948-01-14

misleading to any one unfamiliar
with the dialectics, theses and tactics
Of communism.
Communist parties do not receive
orders in the sense that everything
is referred to the Kremlin. That i.
unnecessary. Policies, strategies ane
tactics are agreed on In meticuloW
detail; continuous liaison between
the parties Is carried on through
secret personal connections, CORE.
spondence, and even cleaned from
public statements of Soviet leaders
and press. It hardly could be {
coincidence that the New York Daily
Worker, the London Daily Worker
and Communist newspapers Of tht
continent treated the wedding o1
Princess Elizabeth identically, pub.
fishing on that day accounts o1
weddings among the poor.
The correct" attitude of Commu-
mist parties toward bourgeois de-
mocracies," such as ours, was laid
down-with some revisions Of past
tactics-in the Seventh International
Communist World Congress, held ir
Moscow in August, 1885. Hitler had
come to power, banning the most
powerful European Communist Party
and jailing its leaders and members
The Communists were seeking allies
which was the easier since Hitler
was not only anti Communist, but
also prosecuted Jews and all anti
Nazis. .-, .--
Aims Were Reaffirmed.
Therefore, this popular 'front.'
congress changed its tactics, with
out moving an inch from its funda-
mental revolutionary aims, which
were repeatedly reaffirmed by all
speakers. In the customary me-
morialization Of the Communist par
ties to Stain, leader of the exploited
and oppressed throughout the
world" he was thanked because
"you have taught us to combine
bolshevist efficiency and irrecon-
cilable revolutionary spirit with the
necessary fexibility."
1t was recognized and stated that
the bourgeois democracy" offers
opportunities for successful organi-
zation and agitation that fascism
does not. It is, therefore, tempora-
rily preferable.
This was brought out by the most
extended speech of the congress
made by DR.. D. z. Manuilsky, now
Ukrainian delegate to the United
Nations. He called for a policy OF
revolutionary activity backed by the
Soviet Union" A step in this &C
tivity was to seek collaboration
with such social groups as are
neither supporters of the proletarian
dictatorship or social revolution" in
the struggle against war and fas-
cism."
He expressed the conviction that
"as a result of years Of successful
struggle (within the Communist
movement) for the complete bol-
shevization of all the parties, we
have achieved an iron unity which
enables us in the given, concrete
situation, to formulate united
revolutionary party" This united
party, he went on to explain, was