davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
Britain
Attlee DenoUnces Communism

AttIee DenoUnces Communism
Prime Minister Clement Attlee this
week denounced Russian Communism
as new form of imperialism" threat
ening the rest of Europe.
Attlee's denunciation of Commun-
ism followed by two weeks a nation
wide campaign by the British Labor
Party to Gust Communists from con-
trolling positions in some British la
Dor unions.
Recently, too, Britain has concluded
a trade pact with Moscow in which
she is to receive grain in exchange for
manufactured goods.
Attlee placed the United States at
the other end of the political scale
from the Soviet Union.
'The United States" he said, Stands
for individual liberty in the political
sphere and for maintenance of human
rights.
But its economy is based on capital
ism, with all the problems it presents,
and with the characteristic extreme
inequality of wealth in its citizens. AS
a new country with immense re-
sources, it has not yet had to face the
acute problems which have arisen in
the other capitalist countries"
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
"JUNIoRl"
Science
AIpho BulIets

The University of California's big
cyclotron can produce, in a single op-
Grafton, more than two-thirds of all
the chemical elements out of a few
uranium atoms, the American Physi-
cal Society learned this week.
Starting with uranium, which is
element No. 90, the huge atom smash
er can turn out a complete assort-
ment of chemicals down to No. 26,
which is iron, reported DR.. Glenn T.
Seaborg, nuclear chemist and CO.
discoVerer OF plutonium.
This sweeping job of atom wreck
ing began when the big machine start
ed using 400-volt alpha particles for
bullets few months ago.
Two different kinds of breakdown
are involved, but both are achieved in
a single operation
In one, alpha particles. which are
the nuclei of helium, strike some of
the uranium atoms and cause fission.
Each of the affected atoms splits and
each part constitutes a newly formed
atom of a lighter element. But the
parts are not equal In some instances.
there is big part and a little part,
making one moderately heavy and
one light element
In the other process, the helium
nuclei bullets chip off little pieces of
the uranium atoms to form 81 differ
ent atoms which constitute the heavi-
est of the conventional elements.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
In Short

Died: Mrs. Benjamin Harrison, 80,
widow of the 2Srd US. President. leav-
ing four living widows of Presidents:
Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt, Mrs. Wood
row Wilson, Mrs. Calvin Coolidge and
Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Produced: BY British coal miners,
99.8 per cent of their l947 goal Of
2OO00O,0OO tons.
Wed: Ohio's Gov. Thomas l. Herbert
and Mildred Helen Stevenson, sec
retary he met a year ago in a doctors
Office.
Set: By the American Red Cross, its
1948 goal at s75,000,OO0.
Pleaded: By Maj. Gen. Bennett E.
Meyers, innocent in Washington fed
eral court to three charges of perjury
and three charges Of inducing his aid,
Bleriot H. Lamarre, to commit per-
jury, one day after Lamarre ne
pleaded guilty.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
The Boycott
&c the Veto

RUSSlA raised to four this
N week its boycotts of major
United Nations agencies.
The newest boycott is against
the U.N. "Little Assembly," which
began year-round sittings in Lake
Success as a peace-keeping body-a
move which Russia has warned NAV
lead to grave consequences"
Other Soviet boycotts are against
the U.N.'s Trusteeship Council. the
special Balkans Commission and tbe
temporary Korean Commission now
en- route to supervise Korean elec-
tions.
The Little Assembly" proposed
originally by us. Secretary of State
Marshall, was created on an experi-
mental basis for one year largely as
a result of Russia's % vetoes in the
Security Council, which paralyzed
effective action by that body. There
is no veto in the Little Assembly"
Hear Indian Dispute
The U.N.'s top agency, the Security
Council, weighed the India-Pakistan
and Indonesian disputes. Argentina.
Canada and the Ukraine occupied
seats for the first time, succeeding
Brazil, Australia and Poland. The
Big Five have the only permanent
representation on the council.
The Indian government accused
Pakistan of harboring 100000 tribes
men preparing to attack Kashmir and
OF aiding the $4,000 who invaded the
princely state. Declaring the situation
likely to endanger international peace
and security India sought to have
the council order Pakistan to cease
aiding the tribal invaders.
Britain consulted the Palestine
commission this week on the possi-
bility of surrendering its Palestine
mandate earlier than May Is.
The May Is date for surrender of
the mandate and the August dead
line for withdrawal of British troops
were considered the earliest pos
sible" when fixed several weeks ago
but Britain, it is understood, would
like to relinquish its responsibilities
in the Holy Land sooner if possible.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
BY the Way

9 Penn State football players OBJ
jected to their Naval Station living
quarters while in Dallas preparing for
the Cotton Bowl game. Coach Bob
Higgins declined to comment on re-
ports that his players refused to scrinn-
mage. objected 70 Navy chow and
climbed the fence Of the Naval Air
Station when gate guards refused. to
let them out Higgins did say, how
ever that his players. mostly ex-
sefvicemen, 6isliked intensely as thev
put It being back in pae Navy"
g n Boston, Joseph N. Marsden. q.
was arrested under an old city ordi-
nance, for driving his horse and wagon
faster than seven miles an hour.
@ ln Covingfon Ind, more than 175
volunteer readers. taking 3O-ninute
shifts read the entire Bible (Old and
new testaments) over a public adj
dress system ia the town square in "a
hours and q minutes.
j.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
Palestine.
Explosive Holy Land

efel@te@.t9@ AtetN 'Ae4tts
Palestine echoed again to bomb
blasts and gundre this week
Il was learned the Supreme Com
mand Of the Arab Allied Forces has
q three phase operations plan to pre-
vent partition. The three phases re-
portedly are tileviction of Jews from
all quarters. in which Jews and Arabs
formerly lived as neighbors, t2l iso-
lation Of Jews on the north coastal
plain from those IL The southern desert
By driving Arab wedges between them,
and 80 determination or subjugation
Of Jewish communities, such as Tel
Aviv. Rehavia in Jerusalem and hun
creds Of other Jewish villages and set
Elements.
For nearly three weeks. volunteer
forces under unified eommand from
C9irO have been carrying out the first
phase which now, it was said, is about
half completed.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16

has concluded that air safety is a
continuing problem which requires
constant concentration by industry
and government. The FIVE board
members did not agree on all points
in their final report released by the
White House this week.
Milton w. Arnold, vice president
of the Air Transport Assn, fled a
minority report criticizing the ma
jority for branching off into economic
problems under cloak of safety"
The majority said that the safety
record of the airlines, considering
their postwar problems, was "emi-
nently commendable."
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
The WORLD This WEEK
EUROPE: The .East-West Duel Continues

EVIDENCE piles up that the
Il east-west duel for Europe,
deadlocked on the diplomatic
front, may reach a critical stage
this spring on the economic and
labor fronts.
Plans for a large scale Greek army
offensive next spring to smash the
guerrillas was indicated this week by
the US. State Department. The indi-
cation was in a statement explaining
American support of an increase in
Greek government armed forces and
revealing diversion of $l5,OOO,OOO in
American aid funds from civilian to
military purposes to finance the in
crease.
Irving Brown, European represen-
tative of the American Federation of
Labor, who has been touring the
l6 Marshall plan nations, said in Ber-
lin this week he expected the Com
munist fight against the European
Recovery Program to reach its climax
this spring in new wave of strikes
in France and Italy.
Sen. Owen Brewster of Maine, re-
turning from a three-week tour of
Europe, said it still is not possible to
guarantee that the Marshall plan will
save western Europe from Commun-
ism but that the picture is much more
encouraging than last April.
Communist Free State
In northern Greece a fortnight ago
communist guerrillas proclaimed a
rebel free state and attempted to cap
ture Konitsa for their capital. They
were beaten back but there remained
the potential menace of a Commun-
ist "free" government which the
'Soviet-dominated Balkans might rec
ognize in preference to the monarchy.
The us. State Department bluntiy
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
Dates
Tuesday, January 1S

IueSuaY, January 13
Anniversary (157th), first us.
Sunday School established by
Philadelphia Quakers.
Wednesday, January IA
General Zionist Council con-
venes in Jerusalem.
Thursday, January Is
March of Dimes starts.
Texas Citrus Fiesta, Mission,
Tex.
Saturday, January II
National Thrift Week starts.
lnter-American Conference,
Bogota. q
Progressive Citizens of Anieri-
ca convene, Chicago.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16

The actual tunnel is expected to
be completed this year. In the new
tunnel, air is drawn out one side,
creating a partial vacuum; the air
enters the other side through a high
velocity nozzle. This creates super
sonic speeds past plane or rocket
models under high altitude conditions.
The new Photographic method Of
recording shock waves involves the
use Of xenon gas.
Air Safety Experts
Meanwhile the Presidents board of
aviation experts, appointed last June,
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
Statistics
WorId EmpIoYment Cuins

" - %ttl I$tS XtatVtt O(llAS
Employment in most c ountries
throughout the world rose. during the
latter half of 1947 above the 1915 level.
the international Labor Office re-
ported this week from Montreal
The survey showed is countries with
decreasing numbers of jobless, with
seven countries showing slight in
creaSes.
The United States, at the end of Oc-
tober, 1947, had ], ,687 900 unemployed,
or 2.8 percent of the entire labor force
This compared. with an average of
2,27O,000 in 1916, or SO per cent of the
labor force.
Z Canada had $4,000 jobless in August,
1947, compared with 115,0OO, or "a
per cent, for November, 1946.
Italy, Palestine and Hungary showed
increases in unemployment.
Finland, Chile, Puerto Rico and
Denmark also had slight increases in
unemployment.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
Quotes

Mrs. Martha Taft, wife of the
Ohio senator: ''The torch of lib
erty is like your husband or
your furnace. If you don't do
something about them, they will
go out.
Gen. Douglas Macarthur:
There can be no greater satisfac-
ton than such as comes from the
confidence reflected in the selec-
ton by ones neighbors for pub
lie service.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16

warned Greece's neighbors that rec
ognition of the rebel state would
violate principles of the United Ma
tions charter. Significantly, too, the
Navy reinforced its fleet in Greek
and Italian waters by the addition of
the superbattleship Missouri and the
supercarrier Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Later it sent added Marine detacb-
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16

ments to the Mediterranean fleet
which now consists Of the two capital
ships, three light cruisers and 10
destroyers.
To put American marines or an
Army force ashore to help the Greek
army against the guerrillas would re-
quire an act Of Congress. There has
been no hint of intent by the admin
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16

istration thus far to propose such a
step.
Sen. Brewster said American prop
aganda has persuaded many Greeks
that their country is a scene. of con-
fiict between the United States and
Russia and they cannot understand
why they should be doing the fight
ing.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16

highlighted Wednesday when Mr..
Truman delivered in person his State
of the Union message and called for
a rise in taxes on industry in order
to. reduce income taxes for the small
taxpayer.
His plan enbodies an immediate
$40 cut for every individual taxpayer
and each dependent together with
S3,200, 100000 increase in taxes on
corporations Mr.. Truman said his
plan was a "cost Of living" credit to
relieve the small taxpayer. Because
Of imitation, he said, the government
should not reduce its total revenue
and he described industry as well
able to afford it.
Tax Battle Ahead
The President thus laid the ground
work for another tax battle with the
Republican Congress, whose two pre-
viOus tax reduction bills he vetoed
last year as the wrong kind of tax
cutting at the wrong time"
Mr.. Truman also called for enact
msnt Of his original anti-inhation pro-
gram, including standby wage-price
and rationing controls.
He sought $500, 100000 for the first
Is months Of the European Recovery
program, universal military training
and maintenance of strong armed
forces as long as there remains Sc
rious opposition to the ideals of
peaceful world"
His legislative blueprint also called
for an increase in the minimum wage
from 40 to rs cents an hour, extension
of rent controls past the February 90
deadline, broadened Social Security
coverage and a national health pro-
gram financed by compulsory insur-
ance
COP Has Program
The Republicans have a program Of
their own that differs from the Presi-
dents blueprint.
Chairman John Taber (R-NY) Of
the House Appropriations Committee
called the Presidents reported budget
Of $4,000, 100000 "too damn high nd
promised to whittle it down. Mr.. Tru-
man is to deliver his annual budget
message to Congress. next week.
Chairman Harold Knutson (R-
Minn) of the House Ways and Means
Committee reiterated his determine
ton, with COP backing, to lam
through $500, 100000 tax reduction
bill providing at least a percentage re-
duction for everybody.
The Administration abandoned its
attempt to have Congress S p ecify
sl7000,0O0,OOO for the. European Re-
covery Program over the next four
years, but ran into new Republican
demands for further alterations in the
hotly-debated Marshall plan.
The Presidents decision to drop the
Fight for authorization Of the whole
four-year plan followed a suggestion
BY Chairman Arthur Vandenberg
(R-Michl Of The Senate Foreign Re-
lations Committee.
Sen. Vandenberg. VINO last week
took himself out Of the running as. a
possible COP presidential nominee,
favors four.year E.R.Ps without a
price tag attached, but other Repub-
hcans are opposed to any action save
on a year-to- year basis.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
AERIAL: Supersonic Tunnel

CCENIIIC progress in Stimulating plane flight speeds up to
~ 5000 miles hour phoographng shock waves which
the University of California. ~ y
At Berkeley work virtually has been completed on the model of
wind tunnel which will simulate speeds at attitudes IN M S0
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
8Oth Congress Faces
a Spirited Session

ME second year Of wary partnership between Democratic
President and Republican Congress began this
crace Of partsanhp in election year Political rivalry between
the White House and Capitol Hill will grow steadily until Congress
adjourns in June for the national political conventions.
Ihe gulf between the Executive and legislative branches
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16

FH'' 8'a7is asssF0sd. AP Nel0sfsatuTesI
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-01-21
MICHIGAN GROUP
|GETS CHARTER

WASHINGTON, Jan. FL. GAN
P)--The Home Loan Bank board
has recently granted a charter to
the Home Federal Savings and
Loan association of Detroit. This
is the first institution of its. kind
in the state Of Michigan and one
of the comparatively few in the
nation to be organized and spon-
sored by Negroes.
This organization is the result
of an aggressive effort launched
by leaders among the Negro popu-
lation for expansion of home fl
nancing facilities in the Detroit
area. Early last year, Samuel M.
| Jones and several other leading
Negro business and professional
men in Detroit applied for per-
mission to organize a federal saw
ings and loan association to meet
| the need for additional savings
facilities through which monthly
payment loans would be made
available for home ownership and
Improvement, particularly by Ne
Lgroes who often encounter diff
culties in securing adequate o,
reasonable financing.
Within a short period, the or
ganizers of the association hao
obtained paid-in subscriptions ex'
ceeding $157,OOO, an amount suf.
ficient to justify issuance of fed
eral charter. Interest in the new
institution spread rapidly and be
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-01-21
Education Group
Rips Exploitation

JACKSON, Miss, Jan. FL. GAN
P)-The board of directors of the
Mississippi Education association
took exception to the efforts of
"private promoters" to enter the
field of education" during it's
meeting here last week, and unan-
imously voted to ask the state pub
lie schools boards of trustees to
set up training programs for Ne
gro veterans, both academic and
trade schools, at the earliest pos
sible date"
The MEA officials we're speak
ing of the practice of permitting
"private promoters to move into
the educational field and assume
functions rightly and properly be-
longinl to the schools of the state"
In line with their protest, Gov.
Fielding L. Wright set up a spec
ial 10-man committee to approve
private trade schools seeking au-
| thoriziation to train veterans, most
of whom were Negroes. His action
followed the sudden rise of these
trade schools, since reports from
education authorities had it that
some of them were being operated
to exploit Negro veterans.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-01-21
Jersey Girl Tops in
Radio Drama
By Gladys P. Graham

PLAINFIELD, N. j., Jan. Fl.
(ANP)-Margaret Coates, a ma
tive of Plainfield and graduate OF
Wilson college with a major in
philosophy and a member Of the
American Negro theater, has
launched a most successful ca
reer on the air in radio drama.
Interviewed here this week,
Miss Coates said she began her
profession as a participant in
school and college plays and that
she had been an active member OF
the Kenyon players, an amateur
dramatic group in her community.
Realizing the value of the un-
see voice and the import of all
it's dramatic potentialities, Miss
Coates most recent entree is that
Of radio drama. AS a member of
Revere Vance's radio show case
group, a huge interracial assem-
bly, of gifted young people,, she
has appeared in Miss Vance's CDR.
Funderberg' among other produc-
tons. Numerous broadcasts have
been chalked up to her credit as
a member of the Vance Show Case
group.
Enthusiastic regarding the pos
sibilities of recording, radio and
other forms of communications.
Miss Margaret Coates, is undergo,
ing intense training in the field OF
communicative arts, in order tc
bring to the stage the magnetism
of the voice so important these
days in the theater and in voca
technique.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-01-21
Carnegie Fund
Supported important
Activities in 1917

NEW YORK, Jan. 81. (ANP)
The annual report Of the Car
negie, Corporation Of New York,
issued last week by President De-
vereaux C. Josephs and Sec'y Ro-
bert M. Lester, showed those &C
tivities which the foundation had
supported within the Negro group.
The largest sum was that of
1926, 900, granted to the Carnegie
foundation toward setting up a
five-year experimental coopera-
tive grant-in-aid program for
teachers in a selected group of
Negro colleges in the Southeastern
states.
Other educational expenditures
included: Hampton institute, $685.
900 for training of Negro adult
educationf teachers Spelman col
lege, Atlanta, $500 for it's de-
velopment program; Cannon
Theological seminary, $4,000 fol
the development of it's library
$4,000 for the support of the
1947 United Negro college func
81
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-01-21

fore it had opened its doors for
regular business more than 100
persons had placed savings of
from SO to $4,000 in the associa-
ton.
The accomplishment of Negro
leaders in Detroit in establishing
the new savings and loan associa-
ton is seen by William X. Div
ers, chairman of the Home Loan
Bank board, as an example of
what can be done in meeting a
real but neglected need among the
Negro population. He points out,
however, that the establishment of
savings and loan associations thru
the initiative of Negroes them
selves is not the full answer to
the problem of home financing
among the Negro population; that
while Negro institutions can play
a highly desirable role, home fl,
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-01-21

campaign and Atlanta university
$4,000 for institute for public Ii
brarians serving Negroes.
The National Urban league,
which has received support for a
number of years, received a final
grant of $4,000.
The University of Chicago re-
ceived $4,000, payable over a
five years period for "examina-
ton of current efforts toward re-
duction of racial discrimination,
for adaptation of existing knowl-
edge to the daily needs Of those in
government, education, and indus
try who must deal with the prob
lem in it's most practical terms,
and for the study of the many
still unsolved problems in the
field of group conflict"
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-01-21

nancing cannot be considered as
exclusively the responsibility of
institutions operated by Negroes.
The Detroit institution has quail
flied for insurance of the safety
of it's investors accounts up to
$4,000 through the Federal Saw
ings and Loan Insurance corpora
ton and for membership in the
Federal Home Loan Bank system,
which is the nationwide credit re-
serve for such institutions.
Evening star., 1948-03-14
Tea viii Climax
AnnHaL Embassy
And House Tour

Mrs. Harry s. Truman, Mrs. Wood
row Wilson and Mrs. Fred M. Vim
son will be honor guests at the tea
which will be given in the home Of
Mrs. George Mesta as a climax to
the house and embassy tour the
afternoon of April 10. Mrs. Mesta
will be assisted by the wives of dip
lomats. military and congressional
leaders.
The tour will take place from 2
until 6:15 o'clock. and will be the
seventh annual conducted for the
benefit of the Washington Home for
Incurables.
Places to be open on this one
afternoon only are the Far Eastern
Commission, 2516 Massachusetts, ave-
nue., formerly the Japanese En-
bassy; Embassy of the Philippines,
2253 r street; Embassy of Sweden,
2249 r street; Embassy of Greece,
2221 Massachusetts, avenue; Lega-
ton of Romania, 1907 Twenty third
street, occupied by former Secretary
Of Commerce and the late Mrs.
Hoover; the private homes of Mrs.
former President and the late
Mrs. Hoover; George Hewitt Myers,
2310 S street; Max O'Rell Truitt,
1889 S street; Mrs. Harold Walker,
2412 Massachusetts, avenue, and the
home Of Mr.. and Mrs. Albert H. Ely,
2419 Massachusetts, avenue, formerly
the nome of famed novelist Mary
Roberts Rhinehart. All of the places
Evening star., 1948-03-14

are In the Sheridan Circle area and
within easy walking distance.
Arrangements to make this the
most interesting and successful tour
yet held in the Nations Capital are
being handled by very able COM
mittee under the leadership of Mrs.
Paul B. Magnuson, assisted by Mrs.
Edward r. Finkenstaedt, Mrs. Eric
Johnston, Mrs. Henry T. Bodman,
Mrs. Harold Burton, Mrs. Angus
Dun, Mrs. Gordon r. Young, Mrs.
Robert A. Taft, Mrs. Theodore S.
Wilkinson, Mrs. Reeve Hoover, Mrs.
Emerson Bigelow, Mrs. Garrison
Norton, Mrs. George Maurice Morris,
Mrs. Paul H. Nitze and Mrs. James
Lawrence Houghtehng..
A committee composed of num-
ber Of Washington area garden club
members and flower lovers will dec
crate each of the houses on the
tour with floral arrangements ap-
propriate to the places. There will
be a competition among 60 en-
trants for the most unusual flower
arrangement. This competition will
be held at the Far Eastern Commits
sion.
The general public annually is
given an opportunity to become
better acquainted with this worthy
cause and help contribute to its sup
port as well as to avail themselves
of the chance to see some of the
Capitals finest show places along
Embassy Row.
Tickets for the tour, which include
the refreshments, may be procured