davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-11-07
0pfimist Week Opens
In Washington Today
This Is Optimist Week.

This Is Optimist Week.
Optimist International, repre-
sented by several clubs in this area,
holds to the belief that every one
should be too large for worry, too
noble for anger, too strong for fear
and too happy to permit the pres
ence of trouble"
Last week Commissioner John
Russell Young signed an official
proclamation calling for observance
Of the week here.
DR.. Clayton Hixson, president of
the National Capital Optimist Club;
Don Hutchinson, president of the
Silver Spring club; Marion West
Evening star., 1948-11-07

Esperanto Glasses to Start
The Washington Esperanto Club
Is sponsoring free lessons In the
international language starting at
8 pm. Tuesday ut the Thompson
School. Twelfth and L streets NV
Ernest G.. Dodge. former president
OF the Esperanto Association OF
North America, will conduct the
classes,
Evening star., 1948-11-07
|G. U. Project 10 Study
Effect OF Environment
In Liability 10 Cancer

The effect of mans environment
on his chance of getting cancer will
be studied in a new $4,000 project
to begin early next year at the
Georgetown University Medical
School, 1t was learned yesterday.
While the research study will be
carried out in facilities provided by
the school, 1t will be entirely under
the direction of scientists of the
National Cancer Institute.
DR.. Wilhelm Hueper, an institute
scientist who will direct the project,
said the strong evidence of occupa-
tional cancer is a strong basis for
the study. The "very first" labora-
tory study Of its kind, he said, will
search further into the possibility
that the way people live might be
responsible for some of the increase
In cancer.
Discussed Before Cancer Society.
DR.. John r. Heller, jr., director of
the institute, who discussed the
project in an address before the
American Cancer Society in New
York Friday, pointed out that in
dustrial progress has brought
many new substances contributing
to the comfort and pleasures of life"
But these same substances" he
declared, have been adding a whole
new spectrum of poisons to mans
hazards. Some are carcinogenic
agents-that can cause cancer. The
danger lies in the slow, almost un-
noticeable harm that comes from
contact with these agents"
DR.. Heller listed coal tars, some
arsenic compounds, SCOT benzol and
certain dyes as substances that have
been proved cancer causes. Too
much sunshine can cause cancer
in some fair-skinned people, and
radioactive substances are among
the most dangerous known causes,
he added.
Aimed ut Prevention.
DR.. Heuper said the new study
Is In line with the view that 1t
may be cheaper to prevent cancer
than to cure it,"
Two large classroomS at the medi-
cal school have been transformed
into modern, air-conditioned labo-
ratory units" for the project at a
cost lin the neighborhood of $50
900 to $4,000, he said. Work will
begin in about two months. he said,
when the units are completely
equipped.
Evening star., 1948-11-07

president, Of the Alexandria club;
David McWilliams, president Of the
Optimist Club Of Washington, and
Harris Taylor, president of the Opti-
mist Club of Arlington, were pres
ent as Commissioner Young signed
the proclamation.
Similar proclamations have been
issued by Governors of 80 States,
premiers of several Canadian prov
inces and mayors of more than 200
cities.
Evening star., 1948-05-16
Show Set

An Eastern seaboard logging
equipment show has been scheduled
at the University Of Maryland June
8. Q and 10.
Evening star., 1948-05-16
Jersey Field Day
To Be Saturday
AT Gaithersburg
Star Stat Photos,

The annual District Jersey flsld
day will be held at 10 an. Saturday
at the new Agriculture Center at
Gaithersburg, Md. Entries are ex-
pected from Howard, Anne Arundel
Frederick and Montgomery Coun-
ties.
According to the Show Commit
tee, advance entries indicate the
show will be the largest ever held
1t will be the first event held at
the new Gaithersburg center.
Glasses will be offered Al
Club members and adult breeders.
Two show halters will be given the
champion All showmen In the
junior and senior divisions, and a
special award Is being offered by
Ayrlawn Farms for the champion
All Club female Jersey not In
milk.
Tho Show Committee includes
Edwin C. Fry, chairman; Ray B.
Roberts, Norris Shane, Paul Mills,
Allie Messer and r. N. Whipp, A.
sistant Montgomery County agent.
Ralph Porterfield, dairy specialist
at the University Of Maryland, will
Judge the show.
Evening star., 1948-05-16
Garden Club Activities

of Washington from across the Po-
tomac. For details, telephone: OK,
l705 or OK. o43l.
Neighborhood Garden Club of Ar
lington will meet tomorrow at pm.
at Mt. Olivet Methodist Church.
Speaker will be August H. Hanson.
chief landscape architect for the
National Capital Parks; subject,
THE Human Side of Trees"
Charter members serve Is host
esses every May meeting. Those
members who will plan the light
refreshments are: Mrs. Frank Ball,
ST., Mrs. Paul Petit, Mrs. H. P.
Paden. Mrs. Claude o. Thomas and
Miss Evelyn Cannon.
Members may bring specimen
flowers for judging and also small
arrangements of any flowers. Vot-
ing for the latter will be by means
of pennies. The arrangement that
attracts the most wins the award
and the money is turned over to the
club treasury.
Chairmen Of committees, as an
nounced by the newly elected presi-
dent, ]. Morton Franklin, are:
Membership, Mrs. A. T. Baird; sales
and exchange, Miss Evelyn Cannon:
exhibition, Mrs. w. P. Lemmond;
publicity, Mrs. Carl Carpenter; pro-
gram, Charles H. Kennedy; hostess,
Mrs. Walter Mccarthy: hospital,
Miss MAZDA Leeson: year book.
G. A. Carpenter; Civic, George
Strother; judging, Harry Ball.
Evening star., 1948-05-16

Every once in a while we hear of
some one who deems 1t unwise to
attempt to improve his grounds or
to grow flowers because the soil is
"such a heavy clay" This attitude
may be due to rumor, certainly it is
not founded on fact. Some of the
most productive gardens in the
Washington area are on clay soils.
Several outstanding azalea gardens
are on clay soils that seem better
adapted to the manufacture of tile
than to plant growth.
Fundamentally, clay soils are rich
in minerals, hold moisture well, but
ale difficult to work. On the other
hand, they respond to improvement
practices very well. If the subsoil
is not so .impervious as TO prevent
drainage they can be made most
productive.
Most gardeners, to improve clay
soil, add anything available in the
way of sand, coal ashes, compost,
leafmold. manure, etc, and, if the
soil is not to be used for acid-soil-
loving plants, lime. Lime is bene-
fetal through chemical action which
tends to prevent the soil particles
from running MISUNDERSTANDING
These materials all aid in improving
the physical condition Of the clay
soil: in addition. the plant materials
-humus-in rotting help to release
some of the plant foods present in
mineral form and not soluble in
water.
Where clay soil is poorly
drained, usually due to an impervi-
Evening star., 1948-05-16
This Week in the Garden

Some gardeners maintain that elbow
grease is much more important than
the chemicals that We add.
The second planting Of gladiolus
corms should 60 into the ground now
If we are to maintain a continuous
supply during the summer Of flowers
for cutting. Plant the corms about
4 inches deep and 6 inches apart
for good growth. If the rows are
l8 to "a inches apart cultivation
will be easier.
It is not too late to set out chrys-
anthemum, Shasta daisy, perennial
asters, Physostegia and other fall
Towering plants. Give them gen.
erous supply Of compost or we'll
rotted manure to feed upon during
the summer and they will reward
this attention with a gratifying dis
play next September November.
The Mimosa webworm may be ex-
pected to put in its appearance
again this spring-judging by the
numbers present last summer. This
pest is easily controlled by spraying
with DDT, lead arsenate, Kyrocide,
etc. However, much Of the effective
ness of the sprays COR dusts) will be
lost If we wait until the worms are
we'll hidden behind their webs. The
sprays should be applied at the first
signs OF activity. w. H. Y.
Evening star., 1948-05-16
Nov Is Proper Time
To Make Provision
For Pickle Supplies
a. l- 0:.-kS:>l&
by Jane Birchfield

Probably everyone reared in small
town or country can remember the
old fashioned pickle time" Then
with all canning Jars and storage
bins filled, the thrifty housewife
in a last frantic race to beat the
first black frost, would bring out
the pickle crooks, and the air would
become pungent with spice ano
vinegar. Today's limitations OF
space, time and labor make 1t i'm
perative to plan wisely and to plant
no more than can be cared fo1
adequately and easily.
While few aspire to seven sweets
and seven sours" at every meal
the gardener cum cook knows how
a well-stocked relish shelf can con-
tribute SAVIOR and interest to the
most simple fare. And, even the
window box planter can f1nd space
for desirable pickle plants.
Some Peppers Here and There
A variety of peppers like Sweet
Avalon is decorative in pots, porch
boxes or the flower border and
Just q few plants will yield . graft
flying supply Of tiny button peppers
for picking or canning whole. In
the vegetable garden, plant an extra
row of California Wonder for rel
ish and chow-chow. Sunnybrook
Is our choice for a pimento, being
early and productive with flesh that
is thick and sweet. From one
packet Of Mixed Hot Peppers We
get, for Is cents, collection OF
all varieties in a supply that Is
probably adequate for Northern
Virginia. (The practical backyard
gardener will buy three or four
plantsD
Certainly one Of the easiest pickles
is a combination OF small vegetables
prepared in Dill solution. We
planted Dill in the herb garden, now
we harvest it from the rose garden
the perennial border or wherever 1t
has taken root by virtue of the birds
Dill pickles are not all cucumbers
They can be pear. plum and cherry
tomatoes, picked while green (again
we plant a mixed packet containing
all varieties, yellow summer Crook
neck squashes (these are delectable
snatched from the vine at the ten
der size Of two inches and picked
whole and for the traditional Gu
cumber We choose q small, hrm
warty fruit like Fordhook.
Some Other Delectables.
Three or four heads of Mammoth
Red Rock cabbage will furnish sew
eral jars Of red cabbage relish
Jerusalem artichokes. lingering car
rots. baby beets are all the better for
a little vinegar and spice. Immature
ears (again about two inches long
Of Midget corn and baby snaps OF
Tenderpod beans are fancy and fes-
tive and unripe cantaloupe. Ii
not only a good stand-in for water
melon pickle, it is a delicious addi-
ton to homemade chutneys.
After estimating ones need for
canning and consuming this sum-
mer. a few extra plants of tomato
cabbage and onion could be added
for trying new relish and catsup re-
cipes. BY using the cook book as
well As the seed catalogue one can
work out an all-season program for
this type of food preserving rather
than waiting to see what's left over
for that end the garden frenzy.
But now Is the time to plan
for next winters pickle dish.
Evening star., 1948-05-16

Vegetable gardeners may need to
make their first application OF fertll-
izer soon. Two or three light appli-
cations during the growing season
are preferable to one heavy applica-
ton. There is less danger Of injur-
ing the plants and less plant food
will be lost through teaching. One
to two pounds per SO foot Of row,
applied equally on both sides. and
cultivated into the soil should be
sufflcient for most crops. Lettuce.
chard and other leafy crops need a
fertilizer that Is relatively high in
nitrogen 1854, etc.. Beans, peas,
potatoes and other seed producing
crops benefit more from a mixture
that has a lower nitrogen content
(5-10-5, etc..
If the fertilizers are applied after
a rain or watering there Is less
likelihood Of burning the growing
plants.
Many gardeners are complaining
about the ragged appearance OF
their lawns. Japanese beetle grubs
have been feeding on the grass roots
all winter and spring and the re-
suits of their activity are painfully
visible. But, still worse. when the
weather begins to turn hot and dry
even greater damage is likely to be
evident. Because then those grass
plants whose roots were destroyed
by the beetles will die for lack OF
food and moisture. An application
of quick acting plant food can hard
ly save them. An application OF
DDT plus a slow-acting plant food
is more likely to have beneficial re-
suits.
Gardeners usually have more
work at this season than they can
find time to do. But We ought to
give the compost pile some atten-
ton If the decaying processes are
to continue at top speed. Turning
the compost pile, even though the
leaves appear untouched by decay,
will do much to speed final decay.
Evening star., 1948-05-16
Plants Adapted to Clay Soils
If Subsurface Drainage Is Not Hopeless,
A Wide Range of Material Is Offered
By w. H. Younemon

Gus subsoil, the choice of plant ma
terial is somewhat restricted. Clay
soils that have fair to good sub
surface drainage will support wide
range Of plant material.
Many kinds of plants may be
grown in poorly drained clay soil
through the simple expedient Of
raising bed. or planting on small
mounds. They should be high
enough to keep the crowns out Of
standing water, but not 50 high as
to put the plants beyond the reach
of moisture during dry periods in
the summer. Using this method 1t
is possible to grow several species
Of lilies in a poorly drained clay soil.
The choice of plant material for
a wet clay soil will be influenced to
a considerable extent by the size
of the property to be Handicapped.
A small area may need to use such
plants as ferns RoyaU, winter
berry 1lex verticillata), mallows
bareback, meadow spirea, swamp
rose, etc.
In more extensive areas we may
grow Elderberry, willows, some of
The oaks, the swamp magnolia, etc.
If the area is Of a swampy nature
still different list will be drawn
upon. The wild Gala, yellow-f1ag
iris. reeds, pickerel weed, caladiums,
umbrella sedge, Gamma, weeping bull
rush, Chinese hibiscus, etc, are use
full in such situations.
/ The following lists of plants are
not complete, but should suggest
others with clay problem"
Evening star., 1948-05-16

National CaplLal Orcnlo SoCAety
will meet tomorrow at pm. in
Room 43. National Museum, Tenth
and Constitution avenue NV. DR.
George w. Morey will talk on
Growing Orchids in the Bog Gar
den and Home" DR.. Morey devel-
oped 4 practical method of making
q pool and sphagnum bog-garden
and maintained q constant acidity
of PHI As, which kept moss and
orchid plants in good condition. He
has grown most native orchids in
his outdoor garden and in q heated
sun porch has bloomed many native
and tropical orchids during winter
months.
Potomac Rose Society has begun q
practice that might we'll be adopt
ed by all improvement groups-per-
sons willing to admit members and
their guests to their gardens are
listed and the lists made available
to the entire membership. Visiting
and the exchange Of ideas are thus
encouraged.
DR.. Charles A. Weigel of the Bu-
reau Of Entomology and Plant Quar-
antine, will speak Friday at 8 pm
on "Insects-Enemies of Flower
Gardens" at the National Museum
Tenth street and Constitution ave-
nue NV. He Is sponsored by Poto-
mac Rose Society and the public Is
invited.
DR.. Weigel has had more than
20 years experience in developing
controls affecting ornamental plants
greenhouse plants, roses and garden
flowers in general. His wartime
studies Of insecticides were out
standing. The address will be il
Illustrated by slides.
At its last meeting, Mems Gar
den Club Of Montgomery County
elected George A. Smith president
Willard A. King vice president, John
Bozievich secretary. j. H. Sidebot-
tom treasurer. This organization
open to all men Of the county, will
meet again June 3 At the Battery
Park Clubhouse, l07 Glenbrook road
Bethesda.
A tour leaving Mt. Olivet Method
ist Church, Sixteenth and North
Glebe road, at 2 pm. Saturday will
visit these three gardens in Arling-
ton: 106 North Garfield, featuring
new rose varieties; 3131 North Ver-
mont, featuring peonies, iris, pop
pies and over 100 varieties Of climb
ing roses: and, the Rixey Mansion
Gardens in County Club Hills from
which one gets an exceptional view
Evening star., 1948-10-23
Officer Shoots, but Misses
-
.3Hryinq TO Run Him Down

Two men and a woman, who are
said to have tried twice to run
down motorcycle policeman with
a stolen automobile last night were
being sought today.
The policeman, Pvt. Robert A.
Eldridge, reported he fired twice
at the three after they abandoned
the car and fled into a wooded area
near South Capitol and A streets.
He said he did not think he hit
any one.
The patrolman reported that he
stopped the car for speeding in the
1900 block of Benning road NE.
When the driver failed to produce
a registration card, Pvt. Eldridge
ordered the driver to follow him to
the 14th precinct station. The three
occupants of the car were colored,
he said.
On the way, the driver twice
deliberately attempted to run him
down, Pvt. Eldridge said. He
lodged to one side, he said, and the
car sped on ahead. The patrolman
reported that he chased the car to
the place where it was abandond.
1t was later identified as a car
belonging to Washington resident,
who had reported it stolen
October 8.
Evening star., 1948-10-23

mer. 1t was the explanation given
for delaying Gov. Dewey's active
campaigning until September. The
theory was that the people already
had determined to make the change
and the smart thing to do was to
leave well enough alone.
Going along with this was the
belief, earnestly proclaimed by the
Democratic Party's experts, that a
big vote would be a Democratic
vote. A study of all elections since
the development of our two-party
system might or might not confirm
this belief. The Democratic experts
built their case on the Congressional
election of two years ago, when the
party lost control of Congress.
Nothing but Democratic indifference
was responsible for that, they have
maintained. They seem to have
convinced not only themselves, but
their opponents, that that is the
fact.
Republicans Coasted.
For a time then the Republicans
appeared to rock along, letting ma
ture take its course, unworried by
the Presidents strenuous one-man
campaign. Gov. Dewey, they agreed
was shoo-in, so why bother?
Which was all right until the con-
gressional districts, and the States
with senatorial seats to defend,
began to be heard from. Two things
apparently were happening. Presi-
dent Truman's hammer-and-t -tongs
attack on the Republican Congress
was showing results, And the DEM
ocrats, thanks largely to the ener-
getic efforts of their labor allies,
were threatening to get out a big
vote. Not only were Republican
Senate seats in danger, but a large
bloc of House seats as well.
This may explain why Gov. Dewey.
when he took to the hustings, start
ed running like a scared rabbit;
why he found no whistle stop too
Evening star., 1948-10-23
Truman Names Leiserson
To Head Railroad Panel
By the Associated Press

DR.. William M. Leiserson was ap-
pointed by President Truman yes
terday as chairman of the fact.
finding panel inquiring into the
threatened strike of 16 nonoperat-
ing railroad brotherhoods.
President Truman announced
creation of the panel Monday under
terms of the National Railway Me-
diation Act. The unions now are
completing a strike vote, but the
presidential action bars a work
stoppage for so days.
DR.. Leiserson is a former member
of the National Mediation Board
The two other panel members, Mr..
Truman announced, are David L
Cole, Paterson IN. JD attorney and
former chairman Of the New Jersey
State Mediation Board, and George
A. Cook, Sarasota, Fla, former
member of the National Mediation
Board.
The incorporating unions-includ-
ing switchmen, telegraphers, main
tenance workers, clerks and others
have asked reduction of the basic
work week from 48 to 40 hours with
Qua loss OF paS as well as, a 25-cent
hourly, basic, wage increase. 10
Evening star., 1948-10-23
High Speed Printing Process
Uses Electric Eve and No Ink

chemicals in present Photographic
films, which are chemical eyes.
Printing the drawing Is done sim
ply with a dry powder and static
electricity. No chemicals or liquids
are used.
Mr.. Wilson said Xerocopying ma
chimes are built to reproduce line
work, like drawings, blueprints and
documents.
Such images can be printed or
paper, wood, cloth, metal or other
materials in black and white-o1
oolors.
Press Also Demonstrated.
Battelle. scientists also demon
strated a printing press based on
the new methods.
1t produces 1900 feet of printed
copy minute and uses only dry
powder and electricity-with no inks,
rollers, or heavy presses.
DR.. Schaffert said portable xero-
cameras may be possible after fur
ther research.
With them, he said, 'The picture
taker can snap the shutter and in a
few seconds pull out finished xero-
print. If he doesn't like the result,
he can discard it and try again,
using the same xeroplate."
In yesterdays demonstration, the
new electric eye took picture and
made a print of line drawing in
As seconds.
Evening star., 1948-10-23
Pentagon Police Hunt Man
In MoIestinq OF Woman

Detectives of the Public Buildings
Administration were searching
today for man who attempted to
rape 29-year r-old Army civil service
employe in stairway at the Penta-
gon yesterday
Capt. j. P. Jordan, chief of Penta-
gon police, said the woman was not
hurt and suffered mostly from a
bad case of shock"
Her screams frightened the man
away soon after he accosted her,
Capt. Jordan said.
The chief said the woman's de-
scription of her assailant was mot
too good" The Pentagon police
come under the jurisdiction Of the
Public Buildings Administration.
Evening star., 1948-10-23
BY the Assoeiafed Press

DETROIT, Oct. 23.-Xerography
"a revolutionary process for repro.
duction of printed matter, drawings
and photographs without the use Of
fluid ink, was demonstrated publicly
yesterday for the first time.
The process, shown to the Optical
Society Of America, makes use o1
static electricity and a dry powder
to reproduce pictures, to copy letters
or documents-and to print on high
speed presses.
Not only does the process elimi-
nate fluid inks used in ordinary
printing, it also eliminates the
liquids and chemicals of conven-
tional photography.
The basic principle of xerography
the Greek words "xeros" for
dry, and "graphein" to write-is
similar to photography in that it
makes use of light and darkness.
Uses Electric Eye.
From there on, 1t is a radical de-
parture:
Xerography was demonstrated by
DR.. r. MeSchaffert of the Battelle
Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio,
and Joseph G. Wilson, president of
the Haloid Co. of Rochester, N. Y.
The process makes use of a new
electric eye-a coated metal plate
that sees and remembers an image
by static electricity, instead of by
Evening star., 1948-10-23
Police and Strikers Battle
Aqain at HeIsinki Plant .
By the Asseeioted Press

HELSINKI, Finland, Oct. 23.-
Police and strikers clashed for the
second straight day this morning
outside the Arabia porcelain factory
here.
Today's skirmish began when 100
'club-wielding police charged about
1000 strikers and onlookers who
were milling outside the factory
gates trying to prevent nonstrikers
from entering.
In the heat Of the battle, a fence
gave way and hundreds of police
and strikers rolled down a slope.
The demonstrators, most Of them
repeatedly Communists, hurled rocks
at nonstrikers and police. Two off,
GERS were injured and taken to the
hospital.
Communist workers In the plant
struck two weeks ago seeking wage
adjustments.