davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-12-09

known Toby" Ensminger, also
known as Sam. Near one of the
Dams near Williamsport, Sam met
the Pleasure boat manned by Mr.
Crepps. Mr.. Crepps called to Toby
that there was a flock of partridges
in pine tree pust ahead. Mr.. En-
sminger stepped near the cabin and
reached in for his loaded gun, keep
ing his eye on the canal, for he was
going down, loaded So as he reach
ed, he accidently discharged both
, barrels of his gun, and he was in
stantly killed and his body fell into
the canal
This left Mrs. Ensminger with a
family and the responsibility of a
canal boat. So she decided that since
she had the boat and knew boating,
she may as well carry on in her hus-
bands place. SO the young children
were given responsibilities quite
early; Mrs. Mumma's seven-year-
old brother took the place of second
driver, and for many years Mrs.
Mumma piloted the big boat.
These folks really had boating in
them, for their grandmother, Beth
Snyder, had owned and piloted four
boats, with 16 mules and 2 horses.
Their uncle, William Dodd, was a
canal man in several respects all his
life. First, in the days of the old
Potomac Company, when the canal
had not yet been built, Mr.. Dodd,
with several friends, built scowS at
Cumberland, loaded them with coal
and floated them down the river,
making use of the old short canals
around the Falls, described last
week. Then when the great task of
building the canal started, he was
chosen for the job of 'boss carpen-
ter" for the west or upper end of
the canal. This was overseeing the
construction of locks and lock houses,
and after the original construction
was completed, he remained in
charge of repairs of the locks and
houses. He also had the tunnel near
Romney, few miles from Hancock,
where he had to keep the towpath,
which was built up of wood, in re-
pair, and the railing, and replace
bricks in the brick arch that supports
the earth above the tunnel.
An interesting little side note on
the Mummas is the fact that Mr..
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-12-09
HORSE AND
BUGGY DAYS
by
Ida 10 Martin

Last week | had very delightful
interview with Mrs. Florence Mum
ma, an exploit of the Chesapeake
and Ohio Canal, who really knew
the canal. She told me many in
teresting things about life on the
canal, the boats, the pilots and
their jobs, and life in general on
the boats. She was awake to the
natural beauties of the scenes along
the Potomac, and says that she can
think of no place in the world that
can compare with the bends of the
River, skirted by the canal, the
Mountain passes and the everchang-
ing woodlands along the Potomac.
Like many others who knew the
canal, she would like to see it re-
stored to its useable condition as a
National Park.
had a bulletin about the canal
with some pictures. Mrs. Mumma
looked at these with keen interest
and Immediately named the spot
where each picture was taken, so
familiar is she with every detail of
every mile of the old canal One
picture is of lock, and to me looks
like all the locks, but to her it was
only one lock, and she remembers
passing through it often.
Mrs. Mumma has some old pic
lures of the canal in operation. One
shows the canal basin at Williams
port, where there was greatly
widened place in the north side of
the canal, where boats were pulled
into Cushwa's coal yards to be I'M
loaded This picture also shows a
loaded boat in the distance just about
to enter the viaduct over the Con-
ococheague Greek. Her boat, and
her fathers boats, usually unloaded
several miles below Williamsport,
but they quite often made the trip
over the entire length of the canal
The job of plotting boat loaded
with over a hundred tons of coal
called for some hard work, as the
tiller was manned by hand, and
steering required constant vigil. But
Mrs. Mumma not only thrived on the
work, but reports that she never
saw anything to be afraid of.
Mrs. Mumma came upon the re-
sponsibilities of pilot of a canal boat
when quite young, because of fatal
accident to her father, the we'll
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-12-09

cliff. When the River was at its
normal high mark, there was consid-
cradle current through these ordin-
arilly slack" places. A loaded
boat coming down had to be guided
into the lock above the dam with the
utmost caution, for there was grave
danger that the current might carry
the boat just little too far; and if
that happened, there was no way of
stopping the more than one hundred
tons of weight; and more than one
boat went over the dam. Mrs. Num-
ma, at the age of twelve, often sat
at the edge of the boat by the tow
rope with "a hatchet in her hand,
ready to cut the rope if the boat
got out of control, so that if the boat
did miss the lock, the mules would
not be dragged into the water and
drowned too.
The boats were 81 feet long, and
141a feet wide. There were three cab
ms on the top, while the lower part
was practically all cargo "hold". The
fore cabin was the mule-house,
where the extra pair of mules were
stabbed. The middle cabin was US
ually the playhouse, and the rear
cabin the living quarters for the
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-12-09

Mumma's grandfather, Daniel G.
Mumma, was the first mayor of Ha-
gerstown after it became a "city" -
the term of -1859-and that he
died on the steps of the court house.
Although destructive floods in the
end played big part in running the
canal venture, Mrs. Mumma did not
consider the floods as affecting the
life of the canal people so much as
something else, something that most
of us never thought about; leaks"
When water began leaking through
the levy between the canal and the
River, on top of which was the tow
path, the leak had to be stopped, or
it would wear away the whole tow
path. In fact there was one bad
spot near Dam No. Four, that went
out frequently.
When leak was discovered, it
was necessary to drain an entire
level" that is, length of canal
from the lock above the leak to the
first lock below it, all of which was
practically of one level. Some of
these were many miles in length and
sometimes the leak was hard to fix,
so that it took anywhere from one
day to several weeks to get the
canal back into service. OF course
this upset the schedule of every boat
that happened to be near.
Another interesting detail in the
life of boatman and his family was
the dangers that occurred to them
at certain parts of the canal when
the River was at its natural yearly
high level. At several places, not
ably Dams Number Four and Five,
here in Washington County, the Riv-
er goes through a narrow pass, bor-
dered by steep rocky cliffs. So the
canal enters the River, and takes adj
vantage of the several miles of slack
water" above the dams, thus avoiding
the almost insurmountable task of
constructing a canal in the face of
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-12-09

pilot and his family. The Quarter
deck" was to the rear of this cabin,
where the pilot walked back and
forth working the helm, or tiller,
and beneath this deck was the store
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-12-09
You Can Solve 1t Too

Those who were trained the
Columbia Way have solved
their employment problem.
They have prepared them
selves for the big opportuni-
ties that offer rapid promo
ton and they get them.
If you have an employment
problem, phone 224 for an
appointment. You can solve
it too.
COLUMBIA COLLEGE.
Ill S. Potomac st.
HagerstOwn, Md.
Evening star., 1948-04-22
AUTOMOBILES WANTED.

LINCOLN-1946, AT. .'4s. If you want TO
sell for top dollar see Mr.. -Austell GRADY
Bethesda. Lincoln Mercury dealer. -2s
PLYMOUTH oWNERS-M it,s CLEAN, youI
gfff gA is 4ss Sg5 Gona pss .vs w. sass Mo2E M
BUICK owNERsm,;ln rs elssn; ] your pr.se as
sa2s Gopn m Xss vs va eSse EN- Ee7s e7s4
am going into the spring season with the
snmsd ees sD osa 6bse sss vi # Ia Buy Ao
PONTIAC OWNERs~If It's clean, your
price is our price. CENTRAL MOTOR
SALES. 1925 Conn. ave. Wo. 1886, EN-.
Faia; HONEST APrEaIsALs I. ap s1,,na y mass, g
T sas ssIs ss aFe na assuFsd aE q a46o
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gRENTwcoD psefa + sis5 aoToR Co I7I5 RSod.
RGEsTxY Is9e azs sEE6r6ean 4pen m to
nsb or %,ns assa osa fs q n9T e sIve S ~
WiN ssnsIns wifH Fl Mi WiNNTop SoD pr,e. for your
car: never too new. never too old; WIN
come to your home or once; plenty paTking
space. Open ewes. 8. am. TO 9 p-m, WINS WINS
MoToSs lsa TlGriea asS sse Pi Ps ns2 sx ,ss ssss
ss- soos price M n ios 1885 70 1912 car. Zoo
Gsa.tal Isas 7 ave- 4s &c CARS. need for service
med. viii pay highest dollar mark over
lIst. price. Can Advance cash for new
Evening star., 1948-04-22
Natures Children
By Lillian Cox Athey

AS I was raking out the scattered
red oak leaves from the flower
border, I noticed a hole in the fiat
mat of ground phlox. Upon inves-
tigating, imagine my surprise to
have a small frightened baby rabbit
edge its way out and hop nimbly
over the reconstructed lawn. The
baby had enormous black eyes and
soft, silky fur.
The slightest noise made him stop
and "freeze" I left the youngster
alone to find its way back to the
nursery, as I was most anxious to
keep the cats from trailing it. Soon
after I saw its tiny button-tail dis
appearing in the doorway of the
nursery! What nurseryl A snug
hair-lined cradle with coverlets of
bright rose, pink and lavender flow
ers. Overhead hung long wands of
the golden bells of the forsythia
bush. Besides, it was spring and
birds were arriving from the South.
One bluebird swept through the
air from the caves of the house next
door to land on the longest stem of
the forsythia, every inch studded
with golden bells. Madam Bluebird
would swing back and forth on the
supple stems, and once In a while,
sing her happy notes in answer to
the joyful song her husband was
broadcasting. Mollie came tripping
sprightly across the lawn. She had
been in the garden sampling tender
lettuce leaves, bits of thyme and
new celery. Babies must be fed ON
time, If they are to grow. She
shifted around the flower drapes of
the nursery, wiggled her whiskers
and looked about before she ducked
out of sight.
Later in the day when the sun was
very warm brave little rabbit
poked his head out, his large black
eyes full of interest and wonder and
always on guard Just then the
postman came. Molly gave three
wide leaps landing under the golden
bush where she paused to stamp
her feet in true rabbit tradition
Then she squatted or "froze" so you
could hardly see her.
She took short nap With one
ear cooked east another west. She
always slept ready to leap into the
air at any moment-a shadow pass
ing by was enough to set her hop
ping.
Her babies grew fast. They had
lots of milk and their mother was
helping herself to all the tender
greens from the nearby gardens.
Her babies were leaping to keep out
of reach of the large black cat next
door. One wandered too close to
the basement steps and rolled to the
very bottom landing in a pile of
leaves gathered in the areaway
When 1 lifted him out gently, his
wee heart was pounding hard and
his eyes had such an appealing look
so filled with fear, I tried to sooth
him. Carried to his flower draped
door, he expertly ducked and dis
aDDeared
Evening star., 1948-04-22
7 axe MyWord for 1t
BY Fronk Colby
On the Pronunciation of
French Words.

A Detroit hostess asks, What
would you advise on the pronuncia-
ton of such French phrases as
creme de caco and creme de
menthe? Having studied French, I
can pronounce them correctly. But
whenever I do, most people give me
"a peculiar look which says: Cd
oh, airing out your French. eh9'
or: (2) 'Huh?'"
More than one third Of all the
words in English are from. the
French; but most of such words
are never given the French pro-
nunciation because they contain
sounds that do not occur in English.
These few examples will illus
trate:
Premier - French: prum YAY;
English: pruh-MEAR. Nation
French: nass-YAW(N: English:
NAY shun. Content - French:
kaw-(n) -TAH(N: English: kun
TENT. Habitation-French: ab-ee-
tass- -YAW (N); English: hab-i-TAY-
shun.
Now creme de cacao and creme
de menthe are (as near as I can
express them by means of English
phonetic spelling): krehm duh ka-
ka-OH and krehm duh NAH tN)T.
And our dictionaries without ex-
ception list no other pronunciations.
But the American, again almost
without exception, speaks Of the
liqueurs as: cream dee KO-ko'
and cream de mint" Why? There
are two reasons:
Cd The matter of fact Anglo
Saxon tongue has never been able
to- cope with most French phonetic
sounds, and has always given Eng
lish sounding pronunciations to
French loan words. (2J The Ii
queurs are favored with cocoa and
mint, respectively. To the Ameri-
can, creme" is CREAM" "de" is
dee" "cacao' is cocoa" and
"menthe" is mint"
Frenchmen may shudder. the
dictionaries may waggle their
white -thatched heads in scholarly.
senile disapproval. But that's
Ulle way IL lS WlCi4 EAl5lioli-oPCdn"
ing people, and it has been like that
for almost 900 years. It's a little
too late to expect change.
The sensible thing to do. OF
course, is to translate such French
phrases into English. What's wrong
with cream of cocoa and cream OF
mint2 Nothing, obviously. And
that's the answer to the question
from our Detroit hostess. How
much better good English Is than
mangled French.
II you have dificulty In knowing
when and when not to use propositions
at the end OF q sentence, you will hnd
Mr. Colby's lealet, Co helpfulr
To obtain a copy, send 5 cents In
coin and a stamped. self-addressed en-
velope to him, care Of WASHINGTON Star.
P Q. Box 80. Station g. New York 49,
Evening star., 1948-04-22

In contract bridge we strive to
permit each bid to have a meaning
of its own, yet there are many hands
in which an inevitable, ambiguity
arises. Such ambiguity is apt to
occur when player. not yet certain
of his destination, chooses to make
a temporizing bid, confident In the
knowledge that partner will speak
once more, after which the previous
call will be clarified.
BY way of Illustration, bid in the
opponents suit Ca cue bid normally
denotes that you can win the first
trick in their suit and, what is more
important, that you are interested
in a slam. Where, however, by your
previous bidding, you have denied
holding a powerful hand, your cue
bid should be taken with a grain of
salt, and may be an effort to induce
partner to contract for no-trump.
In today's hand, South doubled
the opening bid of one spade and
North elected to respond with two
clubs. This is not technically cor
rect. A bid Of three clubs would
have been proper, but North chose
not to crowd the bidding and elected
to run the risk that partner would
not bid again. South, rather than
raise the clubs, decided to show his
heart suit and North's hand now as
sumed even greater proportions. His
bid of two spades is very fine. If
South wishes to bid no-trump, this
enables him to do so. If he chooses
to move toward slam, North would
surely welcome such action. Fur
thermore, the cue bid at this point
is not very drastic. in as much as
North has previously bid only two
clubs in response to the double and
has, therefore, limited his hand.
South;s Jump in clubs requires no
comment, and when North showed
the heart support, it was not very
difficult to contract for slam.
1t will be noted that six hearts
could have been made just as easily,
but South felt that it might be
somewhat safer in clubs and chose
to give up the few additional points
that the major suit would yield.
Copyright, 194S, by Charles H. Goren)
Evening star., 1948-04-22
AUTOMOBILES WANTED.

LET Us SELL YOUR CAR FOR YoU-our
commission will be Sc Of selling price.
PAY ONLY s CENTS for telephone call to
sen your garage-kept '37, '3S or SO med.
w.t.. 2-dr. sedan or cl. cpe. IN exec: cond;
IA. o52o after Pm. No dealers. .
Evening star., 1948-04-22
Points for Parents
i

Father-Hello, boys. Bill will be
through in a minute. We're giving
mother a vacation from dishwash-
ing tonight and we're doing good
lob. aren't we, Bill?
Evening star., 1948-04-22

CHEVROLET 1898; good condition. runs
every day. S135. WA 4192. -25
Evening star., 1948-04-22

PLYMOUTH 1941 2-dr. sedan; r. and h..
30-day warranty; 1915. Atlantic 5310.
pa
PLYMOUTH 1e41 2-door; heater. excel.
trouble free motoring; priced in reach OF
any pocketbook; ST ,045 PARKWAY (Ford
Sales and Service), 3051 M st. NV, MI.
PLYMOUTH 194e taxi; private owner, can
be private car, excel. cond.; $1,2s5. TR.
PLYMOUTH 1e4s station wagon: in new
a6roRs M sssdtS9 4Sc bese1
lips 18th St RE. o3o3. Open half day
PLYMOUTH 1871 club coupe de luxe; r.
Can WI 3149 after $50 pm, -23
RT1es $50 6,sa; sssh & or terms. Cali RE $50
PrLYMofDTH' 'GI 1910 a-dr.. blk: h; good in
teed NoRTHEAsT PIT FAST MsTos Nc CO vs psed
PLYMOUTH, 1916 station wagon h.; has
been given the utmost care; s., ,095; terms;
tEsde guaranteed SoRT5EAsT NOR 5IAs MOTOR
We buy; we sell used cars" II. 400. -23
PLYMOUTH 1898 2-dr. sedan; excel: cond..
radio and heater, new paint, good tires,
PISYMoGTH ia4i I Special csff de Ri; luxe s-d0or;
hII 19Rs liz 1s 9e sye
NV, Wash.'s Oldest Ford dealer, Ma. $3.50.
1912 tszsas sompsssy 0SsE
g sss7 seea chamesn Tsekdays st. 10 mR fm pE E
really clean car, 1895 cash WILLIAMS,
saIh0TTa sa1 I's 4 nea Rss05 MeFoh sFss|
SERVICE, 1904 9th ST. NV 22s
Evening star., 1948-04-22
COLOSSAL, STUPENDOUS, STARTLING.
Ready for your inspection and we're open

All in good condition with splendid tires,
fine appearance, some completely equipped.
Arl CH, 1000. Home of Kaiser-Frazer
fine cars Ewes and Sunday -26
Evening star., 1948-04-22

and h. o----1--- 81 .ee5
De Soto 1941: r. and h. - 1,045
Packard Clipper 1912 2-dr.-- 1855
Chrysler 1910 1,1UU
Mercury 1871 club coupe; r. and h. 1,OA5
PRICE MOTOR CO. 955 Pershing dr.,
Silver Spring, SH. 4912. -25
CHEV. '42 2-dr: 55,7SI mi; S995.
Cash, terms or trade
Dodge a 4-dr.; r., and h.; 81 ,o75
Plymouth ~ Sp. d; /. 2-dr.; h.; S995.
HERBYs, INC. Dial TIE. 37es. 1900
Duke St. Alexandria. Va. o6s
STANLEY HoRNER, NC, BUICK 'Hor-
Evening star., 1948-04-22
Word Game
CIDIC JIM,

Find "a or more common EngllSn
words in
CHALC LCIDICU
meaning, "a room or porch Of en-
trance, especially to basilica." Av-
erage mark Is 81 words. Time limit.
80 minutes.
Rules of the same-1 Words must be Of
four or more letters 2. Words which acquire
four letters By the addition Of ,.s," such as
bats" cats" are not used. g. Only one
are not used. A list will be published
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
ARTICLE III
Delivery and MeteTlng


Section 4 CUSTOMER agrees to
furnish, without charge, the neces-
sary right Of way along streets and
across its property for the trans
mission line of POWER COMPANY
required for the supply to GUS
TONER and for any future line
connecting aforementioned substa-
ton Of POWER COMPANY with
other parts of POWER COM
PANY'S system.
Section 9. POWER COMPANY
shall furnish, install, and maintain.
at tine twenty-four hundred (24OO)
volt delivery bus of aforesaid sub
station, standard integrating watt
hour meter, demand meter, and re-
active KVA hour meter. Registra-
tion of said meters shall be the
basis for the billing Of energy taken
hereunder.
Section 8. All Of the equipment
furnished by POWER COMPANY
shall be and remain the property
of POWER COMPANY. Upon the
discontinuance of service under
this agreement. POWER COM
PANY shall have the right and
agrees 10 remove its equipment
from the premises of CUSTOMER
within ninety 800 days from date
Of discontinuance of service.
ARTICLE "
Rate Schedule
Section j. Meters viii be read at
regular monthly periods and the
monthly bill rendered by POWER
COMPANY shall be the sum of the
Demand and Energy Charges as
determined by Sections Of this
Article.
DEMAND CHARGE.
First 100 kiloWatts Of billing de-
mand $4,000.
Next 200 kil0watts of billing de-
mand o. $3.50 per kiloWatt.
All over zoe kilowatts Of billing
demand q $1.25 per kilowatt.
ENERGY CHARGE.
First 100 hours use per month
@ aIl''ng demand @ l5c per
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16

Since the signing of. the contract
between the City of Milford and
the Delaware Power and Light
Company to supply current to the
City of Milford there has been con-
stant controversy as to the con-
tents of said contract. For that
reason the Milford Chronicle is
printing this contract in full as a
public service to the citizens Of
Milford. II was given to us by
A. p. Humes, Secretary of Coun-
Gil. 1t follows:
This Agreement made and en-
tered into this 1st day Of October
1945, by and between Delaware
Power & Light Company Ga cor
poratiOn duly organized and exist
ing under the laws of the State of
DelaWare) party Of the first part,
hereinafter called POWER COM
PANY, and The City Of Milford "a
municipal corporation of the State
Of Delaware) party of the second
part, hereinafter called CUSTOM
ER.
W A4AA4l1A1 KS AAal
WHEREAS, CUSTOMER owns,
maintains, and operates a gener-
ating station and an electric dis
tributiOn system in and around the
City of Milford, Delaware, and
WHEREAS, POWER COMPANY
owns, maintains, and operates an
electric system for the generation,
transmission, and distribution Of
electric energy and, by reason Of
such system, is in a position to
supply the electric energy require
ments Of CUSTOMER:
NOW, THEREFORE, in consider
alton Of the mutual covenants and
agreements herein contained, the
acceptance and performance there
of, the electric energy to be deliv-
cred, the sums Of money to be paid,
and other valuable considerations,
the parties hereto have mutually
agreed and do each with the other
agree as follows:
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-16
DIe Herewith Print The
Contract Between The City OF
Milford Ind The Delaware
Power And Light Company

Next 200 hours use per month
kilOWatt hour.
of billing demand but not to
exceed 10000 kilOwatt hours
per month q Ice per kilowatt
hour.
All over sum of first two blocks
of energy per kilOWatt hour %
08c per kilOwatt hour.
Section 2. Determination Of
Monthly Demand, Power Factor
and Billing Demand.
The demand shall be the meas
ured rate Of use of energy, ex-
pressed in kiloWatts during any
fifteen (15) minute period of the
month. The measured demand
shall be taken as the average of
the four "a greatest demands es-
tabhshed on separate days Of each
month. At such time as CUSTOM
ER acquires from POWER COM
PANY and maintains the $4,000
24Q0 volt substatiOn, the demands
taken for billing purposes shall be
those occurring during Peak Hours
based on Eastern War Time, as
follows:
8 a. m. to p. m. week days
except Saturdays.
8 a. m. to u o'clock noon Sat
urdays.
All other hours are consider
ed as OF Peak Hours.
1t is understood that the demand
during Peak Hours above specified
shall not be less than thirty-three
and one-third (331s) per cent of
the measured demand established
during OF Peak Hours and in no
event less than one hundred 1OO)
kilOwatts. In view of the changing
characteristics Of POWER COMs
PANY'S system load, POWER
COMPANY reserves the right to
change the Peak and on Peak
Hours hereinbefore specified upon
thirty 800 days notice to Gus
TONER.
Section 3. The average tagging
Power Factor Of CUSTOMERS in
stallation shall be determined by
means Of the readings Of energy
meters and meters registering the
reactiVe KVA hours in accordance
with the following formula:
Average Power Factor =