davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08

One avenue offering something In
the nature of appeal outside the de-
partment for those merely charged
with being security risks is open
through the Civil Service Commits
sion-but only to empolyes with
civil service status. Most security
cases In the State Department can
be expected to arise among en-
ployes without such status.
Reservations Won't Solve 1t
The Civil Service Commission
formerly would review the discharge
of status" empolye only in con-
nection with his application for
another Government job. But now
it is understood to have agreed to
review the cases of employees dis
missed on any grounds, including
security, to clear them for a possible
future Government job. That is,
they don't have to have an applica-
ton in for another job to get an
appeal. Any questions relating to
loyalty would be resolved by the
commission in such cases, either
by reference to the Loyalty Review
Board or one of its regional boards.
In trying to figure a way out OF
the problem, the best answer State
Department officials have thought
of so far-unless the Loyalty Review
Board will agree to rule on a sus-
pected employees loyalty without
intruding on the departments right
to fire him anyway as a security risk
is to let employees without Civil
Service status who are considered
security risks resign, rather than
fire them. This would AVOID a pos
sible row with the Loyalty Review
Board. But In such cases 1t wouldn t
settle questions about the employes
loyalty-the very thing the board
was set up to decide. And the State
Department would be divorced from
the Presidents loyalty program. So
it is not really a satisfactory answer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08

ing the armies and defensive re-
sources of the countries taking part
in the Marshall Plan.
But one source who is in posi-
ton to know how Foreign Secre-
tary Bevin's mind works said Britt.
ain views with understanding" an
already-expressed American desire
to promote military self-help among
the Is states.
He was referring to United States
Defense Secretary ForrestaTs state
ment to the House Foreign Affairs
Committee that he hopes his de-
partment will be given the job Of
migrating the armed forces of the
Marshall-aid countries.
u. S. Plan Follows Pattern
American peacetime plans for
building a unified defense of West
European states-common arms, air
bases with equipment and tech
niques known to all the partners,
and training which would allow
military units Of one country to DO
blended with those Of another-was
seen to follow a pattern already set
for the Western Hemisphere.
The program was laid before Con-
gress in the closing days Of the 1947
session, tagged with must" label
by Marshall, Army Chief of STAFF
Gen. Eisenhower and ranking Army
and Navy departmental officials.
Under its terms the United States
would help other Western Henri
sphere countries develop military.
naval and air bases for their COM
mon defense Of attacked.
High British officials ruled out
the possibility Of any full-scale
merger of Anglo-American armed
forces in the foreseeable future.
But they said they are aware Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08

stances. involving questions of 10y
atty puts a terrific stigma on the
employe. 1t reduces to practically
nouhing his chances of getting an
other good job. So Gen. Marshall
and his associates don't want to use
their power under the McCarran
rider except when they are reason
ably sure of their ground after CIV
ing the suspected employe chance
to defend himself.
Gen. Marshall has declared he will
not indulge in any "witch-hunt'
will not permit "unfounded charges
to force our hand"
To that end, he set up, last sum-
mer, a Personnel Security Board
within the department. No employe
can be fired as security risk until
he has a hearing before this board.
He must be given notice of the
hearing least Is days in advance.
He has the right to be represented
by counsel at the hearing. He must
be informed of the nature Of the
charges against him as fully as
security considerations permit" but
is not given the right to examine
secret evidence.
The Personnel Security Board
procedures go as far as the respon-
sible State Department officials be-
lieve they can, within the depart
ment, in protecting the civil rights
of a suspected employe. But they in
sist that national security consider
atoms must weigh more heavily
than an individuals civil rights in
the case OF the State Department
than in some other Government
agencies.
For this reason the State Depart
ment has consistently made sharp
distinction between loyalty and
security" according to Hamilton
Robinson, director of the depart
ment's Office of Controls.
THE Department supports the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08
By Phillips Talbot


While the United States concen.
trates on saving Europe, its prestige
in Asia is skidding dangerously.
Asians think Americans do no
realize that the big Eastern contin.
ent is growing UP fast. They resent
appearances that United States
policy in Southern Colonial Asia il
dictated by our interests in the
European mother countries.
Yet take a look at the record
they argue:
/. The Arab countries were re.
leased from Ottoman rule in the
First World War, then fell mostly
under British and French influence
Now all are independent except Pal
estine, whose case is on the anvil
2. India with Pakistan) finally
gained freedom after generation
long campaign spanked by Mohandas
K. Gandhi and, among the Moslems
by M. A. Jinnah.
Colonialism Collapsing .
8. Southeast Asia was politically
asleep a generation ago. Now Siam
the Philippines and Burma have
become independent, while Ceylon
is almost self-governing, Malaga and
Singapore have new constitutions
in sight, and struggles for self-rule
are going on in Indonesia and Wet
Nam.
Asiatic colonialism, in short, is
collapsing far faster than feudal-
ism broke up in Western Europe
earlier.
New states, new forces, new ambi
tions are appearing from the Medi-
terranean to the Pacific.
This eruption has not been peace
full. But these disturbances also
underline the necessity of a realistic
United States policy in Southern
Asia-one that counts the new forces
and thinks in terms of the millions
of humans who live in that zone.
Recently an American consul gen.
eral was stationed in Java, One OF
his main tasks was to report on re-
lations between the Dutch and the
Indonesians.
He was extremely popular with
the Dutch. He even contributed a
foreword to a Dutch propaganda
pamphlet published last July.
But the Indonesians interpreted
that officers presence in Java as evil
dence that the United States was
interested in Holland but not in the
Far East.
The Indo- China American for
eign service officers were reluctant
to associate with Wet Nam ma
tionalists.
BY indirect evidence, also the
newly emerging forces in Asia think
that the United States is against
them. Dutch troops in Java and
Sumatra and French troops in Indo-
China both sport American military
equipment in their campaigns
against nationalist.
U. S. Policy Confusing
ut is difficult for us to under
stand America" a Southeast Asian
nationalist said to me last fall. I'VE
want her friendship and need her
help as much as the European coun-
tries do.
But we believe that her interests
as well as ours make it important
that the United States should no
longer consider us just as possess
sions of European countries.
Political peace in Southeast Asia
means more rubber and other tropi-
cal products available quickly for
the world, and the United States Is
one of the biggest buyers"
This country must be ever vigilant
to balance the new forces with the
old ones in making foreign policy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08
By Gornett D. Horner

State Department officials con-
cerned with guarding the secrets OF
this sensitive" agency are on a
tough spot.
They face the possibility of hav-
ing to short circuit the President
new Loyalty Review Board or else
get into trouble with Congress and
their own consciences by keeping
employees they don't trust on the
joo.
Their trouble arises chiefly from
the distinction between an emplcSe
who is "disloyal"-the only kind OF
charge the Loyalty Review Board
will pass on-and one who merely
is, a security risk"
1t is a big difference, so far as the
individual and his reputation are
concerned. But it's generally hard
to tell the difference, for sure, IN
the case of an employe keeping
questionable company and suspect
ed of spilling national secrets
And whether he does 1t deliberately
out of disloyalty to the United
States, or just as a sociable "blab-
bermouth," he shouldn't keep on
working in the State Department, In
the view of security conscious Of
flcials.
Summary Dismissal Possible
At first glance. the answer might
seem to be simply to fire the sus-
pected employe without any fooline
around to get proof of his inten-
tons. The State Department has
the power to do just that. The So
called McCarran rider to the de-
|partment's appropriation act gives
Secretary Marshall broad discre-
tionary authority to dismiss sum-
marily any employee
But In practice 1t isn't that sim
pie. Summary dismissal Of q Gov
eminent employs under circYm-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08
Wheat Farley
Nears Accord
81 Nation Conference
Appears on Verge
of Showdown
By Malcolm Lombosns il.

Delegates OF ST nations, meeting
in the State Departments interna-
! tional conference room 81 2ennsyl-
|vania avenue, are nearing the end Of
a 15-year-old effort to fashion q
. world wheat agreement.
The showdown may come this
week. If a final agreement is
reached, it would in the words Of
the French delegate, M. E. Demont,
"set a precedent Of very great scope
and would provide the pattern for
later international action. respect
ing other commodities.
Food Council Watches
The United Nations Food and
Agriculture Organization, which is
watching progress of the talks with
great interest, declares that "at the
present juncture, more than ever,
this contribution is needed and the
council GAO expresses its sincere
hope that there will be speedy and
successful outcome of the negotia-
tons for a wheat agreement"
In its simplest form, the agree
ment seeks to work out a program
either of four or five years dura-
tion-that will assure consumers Of
continuity and expansion of wheat
supplies at reasonable prices.
Forty-one nations came close to
a wheat agreement at London last
March and April. The countries
agreed at that time on the form and
scope Of the proposed agreement.
But, they failed to get together on
two basic points: Prices and dura-
ton of agreement.
These problems are now being
worked on by delegates and reports
coming from the sessions are en-
couraging.
The preamble of the London draft
states clearly the position of q
majority Of importing and export
ing nations on this vital, basic food
commodity. 1t declared:
Serious Shortage
/. That countries realize that
there is now serious shortage of
wheat and that there may later be
serious surplus"
2. That both the excessively
high prices resulting from the pres
ent shortages and the excessively
low prices which would result from
future surplus are harmful to
their long-term interests. whether
they are producers or consumers Of
wheat"
| g. They conclude therefore that
their own immediate interests and
the general interest of all countries
Of the world in economic expansion,
both require that they should CO.
operate with one another to bring
some order into the international
wheat market"
Current negotiations are being
conducted by the International
Wheat Council, whose chairman 10
Leslie A. Wheeler, director Of the
Agriculture Departments Once Of
Foreign Agricultural Relations. and
wen-known figure in international
agriculture circles
The session began January %
with these nations represented:
Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia,
Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada,
China, Colombia, Cuba, Czecho-
slovakia, Denmark, Egypt. Finland.
France, Greece, Hungary, India,
Iran. Ireland, Italy, Lebanon, Ia
IBERIA, Mexico, Netherlands, New
Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Peru,
Philippines. Poland, Portugal.
Sweden, Switzerland, Union Of
(See ACCORD, Page C-5,l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08

(see ACCORD. Page c-5J
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08

Presidents loyalty program to the
utmost" Mr.. Robinson added in !
recent statement, "but it recognizes
that an applicant or employe may
be security risk in the State De-
partment and thus an undesirable
State Department employe even
though he may be entirely loyal
and might not constitute security
risk in some other Government
agency. For this reason, State must
adopt security principles which are
more stringent than those of most
Government agencies and may find
it necessary to exercise its power
under the McCarran rider on the
basis of facts which are insufficient
to warrant a claim or charge of
disloyalty."
Board Only Recommends
To assure utmost fairness to sus-
pected individuals, the State De-
partment thinks any employe up
for summary dismissal should have
the chance of an appeal to some
outside agency to clear his name
If he can-of the disloyalty stigma
Officials would like to see the
Loyalty Review Board take juris-
diction in all such cases on the 10y
atty angle, but on a basis leaving
the State Department free to fire
an employee it considers a security
risk, even when his loyalty is up
held by the Presidents board. His
clearance by the board would leave
MIN the chance to get another job
in a less sensitive" agency.
But that's where the rub comes.
The Loyalty Review Board doesn't
like the idea of having an employe
it has decided is loyal fired on any
security grounds. The board has
authority only to make recon-
mendations. But by making clear
that they will raise a fuss by resign
ing If their recommendations are ig-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08
u. S. Interests in East
Endangered by Policies
D,,ee.o A lone CfonJ, IN -, A ooh NTo+:ooe
Russia Alone Stands to Gain as Arab Nations
Feel Betrayed Asiatic Peoples
Likewise Losing Faith

Leigh White and Phillips Talbot the Chicago Daily News
foreign service haze been coDeng the Mose ord from the Sues
Canal the China Sea They met recently Palestine and dis
frankly their observations
opinions be1o prestige being
seriously opadised policies regard Middle
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08
Marshall Plan Nations
Forging Defense Chain
British Sources Say That Standard Military
Equipment and Training Are Planned as
Safeguard for Western Europe
By Arthur [. Govshon

LoNDoNQualfed British military nformans broad plans
completion linking defense of the Marshall Plan nations
chiefs OF stans according to these nomants
diplomatic sources will submit andrde
military training is countries
Of military self help Standardization will be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-02-08

(see MARSHALL, Page C-5J
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30

Cassidy, Baltimore; Mrs. Christine
Echols, Washington, d. c.; Mrs.
Margaret Fields, Baltimore; Miss
Mary Gloyd, Germantown; Mrs.
Catherine Porter, Bethesda; Mrs.
Marie Vallandingham. Annapolis.
National Officers: Miss II. Virgin
la Meyer, State Representative, The
Cadoa Guild, Baltimore; Mrs. Mary
McWilliams, President, Past Grand
Regents Chapter, Annapolis; Miss
Margaret J. Buckley, National Di-
rector, and National Director Of
Legislation, Bethesda.
A Grand Regents Conference was
held on Saturday, September 20, at
the Cadoa. The conference opened
at 10 a. m. with a business meet
ing, followed by an important lunch
con meeting at noon, and closed
with round table discussion Of all
programs submitted by the State
Directors. All Grand Regents, Dis
trict Deputies and State Directors
were present at the Conference.
Three new courts will be estab-
lished this fall: one at Clinton,
Maryland this week; one at Piscat-
taway and one at Glen Burnie, a
little later in the fall.
The following new state wide de
partments were opened this year:
Education, Extension and the Apos-
tolate Of the Aged and Public Re
lations. While each court has been
carrying on these various programs,
they now are united under q State
Director.
The Grand Regent Of Court Hag-
erstown No. 273, Miss Gisela Luip-
ersbeck, attended the conference
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30

her life. In her lecture the speaker
will explain the detectives of the
Catholic Worker Movement, the
wide range of influence of which
was well demonstrated by fea-
ture article on the Movement, that
appeared recently in Time Maya
zine.
On February - the Rev. James
Keller. MN will be the speaker,
and the subject of his lecture will
be, "You Can Change The World"
Father Keller was the organizer of
the movement known as 1.-THE Chris
tophers," which was enthusiastical-
ly described at length in the May
81 issue of Newsweek The purpose
of the movement, whose members
pay no dues, hold no meetings and
elect no officers, is TO fight anti
Christian tenets positively, by bring
ing Christian principles into gov
eminent, labor and management,
and sources of communication of
ideas, such as newspapers, movies.
radio and education, The success
of the movement has been phenom-
email II started only three years
ago, and Father Keller and his staff
of twelve, two of whom are Jewish,
mail out monthly information bull
letins to 10000 people. The en-
thusiasm of this movement is shown
in the fact that an Episcopalian has
given The Christophers $4,000 to
use any way they want
On March Ii G. Rowland Shaw,
Assistant Secretary of State from
l94l to 1944; President of the Amer
lean Prison Association in l94l AZ;
and at the present time vice-presi-
dent of the National Social Welfare
Assembly; a member of the Execu-
tive Committee of the National
Conference of Catholic Charities,
and member of the Board of Trus-
tees of the National Training School
for Boys in Washington, ID. c., will
speak on the subject, Lets Do Less
For Youth" which should be of tre-
mendous interest to everyone, since
not only is the title itself intriguing,
but also because Mr.. Shaw's exper-
fence with youth makes him pecu-
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30
Catholic Daughters
State Conference

Officers Elected AT Meeting
Held In Baltimore-Miss LUZ
persbeck Attended From Hag-
erstown Court--Mrs. Knott Il
Named Monitor.
At a meeting of the State Confer
ence of the Catholic Daughters OF
America, held In Baltimore at the
Cadoa recently, new state officers
were elected and new state appoint
ments were made by the Worthy
State Regent. The officers and APP
pointees will function at the var
ious Court affairs throughout the
state for the ensuing year. Follow
ing are the officers and appointees:
State officers: Chaplain. Rev. Ed
ward II. Roach, Hyattsville; Direc-
tor, Rt Rev. Msgr Joseph Nelligan,
Towson; State Regent, Mrs. Marie
+. Victory, Washington, D. c.; Vice
Regent, Mrs Anna T.. r. Allen,
Hyattsville; Secretary, Miss Gather
inc Henry, Baltimore; Treasurer,
Mrs. Cecilia Albright, Mt. Savage;
Monitor, Mrs Myrtle A. Knott, Ha-
gerstown.
State Directors. Apostolate of the
Aged, Mrs. Helen Wynne, Baltimore;
Convert League, Mrs Catherine
Burgdorf, Washington, d. c.. Edu-
cation, Miss Mary Murray, MI. Saw
age; Extension, Miss Ida Wivell, Up
per Marlboro; Juniors, Miss Mary
T.. Meehan, Gainesville; Legislation,
Mrs. Anna r. +. Allen, Hyattsville;
Public Relations, Mrs. Bernadette
f. Topper, Gainesville; Study Clubs,
Mrs. Mary S. Jones, Cumberland
District Deputies; Miss Frances
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30

liarly fitted to make an address on
such a subject.
The series will come to a close
on April 10. when one of the out
standing authorities on Russia, Will
liam Henry Chamberlin, will speak
on "The Soviet Union and World
Peace" Mr.. Chamberlin has re-
Gently been in Europe to gather ma
terial on the latest developments
abroad in which the Soviet hand is
playing so important a part, and he
is the author of numerous books,
including Soviet Russia" rus
sia's Iron Age" "The Russian Revo-
luton l9l7-l921" and Japan Over
Asia"
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30

The Rev FIR. John v Ballard has
announced the speakers for the ser
les of six forum lectures sponsored
by ST Mary's Catholic Church,
which will run through the fall and
winter months.
On Sunday evening, October 10,
the Rev James A. Wagner, Ph.D.,
STD. will open the series with a
lecture on Can Modern Marriage
SucceedF"
Doctor Magner was editor of the
Question Box and Marriage CUES
tions for the Extension Magazine,
and his book. "The Art OF Happy
Marriage" published in the fall of
l947, was the book -the-month Sc
lection of the Catholic Literary
Foundation Doctor Wagner is also
editor OF the Catholic University
Bulletin.
On November Ia, Claire Huchet
Bishop will be the speaker, and her
subject will be, France Alive" "
Claire Bishop, who formerly resided
in France, has written several books
and number of magazine articles.
The subject of her lecture was in
spired by a return visit to France
in the winters of l945 and l946,
during which she gained special
insight into the French religious re-
vival In 1947 she published her
book, France Alive" which de
scribes an important aspect of the
French revival overlooked by most
reporters. Her years of residence
in both France and the United
States have particularly equipped
this speaker to interpret the people
of France to Americans.
Following the holiday season, the
series will be resumed on January
Q, l949, when Dorothy Day will
speak on "The Catholic Worker"
Dorothy Day, before her conversion
to Catholicism, was actively associ-
ated with the Communist party and
wrote for radical magazines and
newspapers, such as "The Masses"
and "The Liberator," and the titles
of two Of her books, From Union
Square To Rome" and blouse OF
Hospitality" provide the keynote to
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30
Arms Budget For 1860
Set AT IS Billions

The Truman Administration has
disclosed that il Is setting flexible
$l5,O00,0O0,000 limit on next fiscal
years military budget. This is
about $4,000, 100000 more than was
set aside for this year james h.
Webb, budget director, emphasized
that the proposed outlay will be
subject to adjustment later IL
changes in the international situa-
ton warrant such an action.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30
County All Girls
Highly Honored

A group of girls from Washington
County Ali Girls Clubs were high
ly honored last week, when Miss
Dorothy Emerson, Maryland State
Girls Club Leader, selected her
State Canning Exhibit from the
canning displayed by the Washing
ton County girls at the Hagerstown
Fair.
This is quite an honor for Wash
ington County, as the exhibit will
be used throughout the state as u
standard in canned products.
Canning from the following club
members was selected; Mildred
Bloyer, Clear Spring; Betty Schmidt,
Beaver Creek; Jane and Nancy Nc
Cauley. Point Salem; Phyllis Eek
slime, Clear Spring; Norma Jean
Weagly, Beaver Creek; Patsy Sheel-
ey, St James; Joyce Kretzer, Clear
Spring; Beth Norris, 81. james; and
Vivian and June Yeakle, Hancock.
--------4--.--a-=4a1.---
Already so million acres Of farm
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30

Speakers For Complete Series CfFall
And Winter Forum Lectures AnnoVnced
Diversity OF Subjects And Eminence OF SpeskeGNl Ke4-
note The Forum Sponsored BY ST Mays Catholic Church
First Lecture On October 10 When Rev. DIR. James A.
Wagner VIII Speak On Can Modern MakRge Succsed2-
Season Tickets Now On Sale.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30

Already so million acres Of farm
land in the United States have been
abandoned on account Of erosion.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1948-09-30

No invention since Rip Van Wrinkles time has
been more taken for granted" in daily life than
The telephone. lis more than mighty handy
as practically indispensable. And Nth neY faciii
flies constantly being added to i'm prove and expand
the service, it is growing in value every day.