davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-01-15
THIRD FORCE:
Socialism,?

Latest voice from among the less
potent nations of the globe to rise in
protest of the cold battle between
Russia and the U. S. was that of
Leon Blum, French Socialist leader
and short-time premier of France.
He called for a third force of the
world" to stand between the Big
Two. eve as such a middle group
has stood between the Communists
and DeGaullists in France.
Blum said the international third
force would oppose American capt.
talism and expansion as well as
Russian imperialism and extinction
of human rights. That force. he pro-
posed, ought to be headed by France
and Great Britain.
Blum was espousing on a world
wide basis an old and eminently
workable theory - the balance of
power. While Russia and America
are battling it out on fairly even
terms, Blum would have the two
lesser nations step in to take control
of the slight power balance that is
left over and thus possibly be able
to steer a course more to their
liking.
Between Russia and the U. S.,
said Blum, there is room for ma
tons which want at the same time
personal liberty and collective con
omy, democracy and social JUS
tice." It was another plea for a
middle course, and to Blum a
middle course meant Socialism.
BIRTHDAY:
Training
Umtee. first U. S. experiment in
proposed peacetime universal mill
tary training, has begun its second
year with its future still obscured
and indefinite.
More than just an experiment in
youth training along military lines,
UNITS possible adoption or rejec-
ton by congress this year is certain
to exert a powerful influence upon
this nations course in world affairs.
Some of its innovations. begun a
year ago at Fort Knox, KY, upon
raw recruits to army life, now r
being extended throughout the en-
tire ground forces training.
Brig. Gen. John M. Devine, COM
manding the program. reported that
95 per cent of the trainees like it
here" during their six-month train
ing period. The second group Of
about $50 young men completed the
course on December 20.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-01-15

DIR. Archer Chester Sudan
fright of Kremmling, Colo,
named doctor of the Year" by
American Medical association, re-
ceives the congratulations of DIR.
Edward L. Bortz, ANA. presi-
dent. DIR. Sudan vas the first
doctor to be so hon0red by the
association. He was presented
with the general practitioners
medal"
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-01-15

Shop in Hardin!
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1948-01-15

Buy U. S. Savings Bonds
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1948-12-18
CARD OF THANKS

Mrs. Julia Nesbit, the mother Of
the late Mr.. Alfredo Nesbitt. with
the rest Of the family, appreciates
very much the kind way in which
ympathy was shown in their recent
bereavement. They especially thank
the minister whose words We're COM
forting and the members who as
sisted the friends who gave beauti
full florals, and many coincidence
cards. = 80
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1948-12-18
IN MEMORIAM

In loving memory Of our dear
husband and father,
TIMOTHY HARRINGTON
who departed this life December IS,
1912.
Gone but not forgotten.
Mrs. Lillian Harrington, wife
Mrs. Dorothy F. Patterson,
daughter
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1948-12-18
Praises DR.. Motion

Maj. Walter r. Brown, secretary
OF Hampton institute was principal
speaker at the annual Motion memoir
iai services held at Tuskegee Insti-
tute recently. Major Brown praised
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1948-12-18

the late DIR. Robert r. Motion, who
served as commandment at Hampton
for many years and succeeded
Booker T. Washington to the presi-
dency at Tuskegee, as being an
untiring worker for the uplifting of
his people."-ANP.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1948-12-18
CARD OF THANKS

Inc bereaved family of the late
MIS- Mabel A. Beckwith, wishes to
express their many thanks to their
Ilienos who expressed their sym.
pathy in their hour of grief. Also
sincere thanks to Rev. w, %. Bart.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1948-12-18
In loving memory Of
EMMA LEE CLARK

who departed this life on December
10, 1947.
A happy house We once enjoyed
But whom we could not save
We loved you but God loved you
best.
Woodrow w. Clark, husband
Marguerite Clark, daughter
Mrs. Effie Richardson, mother
Rev. A. Richardson, father
Evening star., 1948-09-28
Where We Stand

In his strong and admirable address to
the General Assembly, British Foreign
Secretary Bevin said that in view OF the
policies which the Russians have followed
Eve don't know where we stand" That
is a statement which ought not to be taken
too literally for while it may be true
enough in the limited sense in which Mr..
Bevin was speaking, we certainly do know,
or ought to know, where we stand in the
fundamental matter of our relations With
the Soviet Union.
Mr., Beyin was using the "we" collectively
in reference to the nations west OF the
1ron Curtain. And that Mr.. Bevin is IN
no real doubt as to where these natlonS
stand is indicated by the following excerpt
which he read from statement by Lenln'
later incorporated in a book by STAIN:
"We are living not merely in state but
in a system of states and the existence OF
the Soviet Republic side by side with i'm
perialist states for long time is untnlnk-
able One or the other must triumph IN
the end, And before that end superVenes
a series of frightful collisions between the
Soviet Republic and bourgeois states Will
be inevitable That means that II the
ruling class-the proletariat-Wants TO holo
swav it must prove its capacity to do SO by
military organization also"
II has been hard for the people in the
West to bring themselves to believe tnat
these words mean what they say just
as the political leaders of a decade ago
nersuaded themselves that Hitler did not
really mean what he said, their successors
have found it difficult to believe that this
1enin- Stain doctrine is really the doctrine
OF the men who direct the policies OF the
Soviet state today.
But the cumulative evidence TO the
contrary is overwhelming. In the light OF
what has happened since the end OF the
war we would be as foolish as barnyard
geese not to assume that Stain and his
colleagues fully believe in the inevitability
of an ultimate clash between Communism
and the West, and that they are preparing
accordingly.
No one can say with any certainty
whether. as a matter of fact, the collision
is inevitable. But If we are capable OF
learning anything from experience we
ought to realize that the danger of war
will be Increased by weakness on our part
and. conversely, that it, will diminish to
the extent that we are strong. 1t is sorry
prospect II we must deal with Russia at
arms length, preparing meanwhile for the
worst. Yet in the circumstances as we see
them today it would be suicidal to do any
thing else.
Evening star., 1948-09-28
Diminishing Illiterocy

There is cause for real satisfaction IN
the latest report by the Census Bureau on
the decline of illiteracy in the unlteo
States. That illiteracy definitely is on lts
way out is indicated by the bureau eStl-
mates of the number of citizens who could
not read or write In 1947. Comparison OF
the figures with those of 1880, Wnen the
last survey was conducted, and with those
of earlier reporting periods, shows that
each succeeding generation of Americans
Is better educated than the previous one.
Last October, when the new estimates
were made, about 100000 or 2.7 per cent
of persons fourteen or over could neither
read nor write. In 1880 the total was more
than four million, or 4.3 per cent, and IN
1920, nearly five million, or per cent. The
most encouraging aspect of the situation
Is that the proportion of illiterates is
lower with each successfully younger age
group. Thus, whereas there are approx
mately seven illiterates in every hundred
persons aged sixty five or over, only one
illiterate on an average Is to be found
among every hundred persons fourteen to
twenty-four years old. AS the older llllt-
crates pass on, the outlook Is for drastic
reduction in lliteracy percentages.
In line with the findings in past years,
the greatest percentage of illiteracy pre-
vailed among non-whites, including not
only Negroes but American Indians and
Asiatics. Eleven per cent of non-whites
were found to be lacking ability to read
or write, as compared with l.S per cent
OF the whites But the bureau pointed out
that dramatic progress has been made in
educating the younger non-white age
groups. The figures show this advance
clearly. While one out of three non-whites
over sixty-five could not read or write last
year, only per cent of non-whites in the
een-to-twenty-fou age group were
illiterate.
Here is proof that more and better edu-
cational opportunities are being made
available to each new generation OF
Americans, with especially noteworthy
progress being made among the colored
population. The bureau even credits selec-
tive military service with part of the ad-
vance observed in recent years. At the
outset of World War II the Army would
not accept illiterates, but as manpower
shortages grew, thousands were drafted
and given schooling in the primary three
RS. As q result, many veterans who were
illiterate upon enrolment now are able to
read and write for the first time in their
lives.
Another factor in improved conditions
Is the larger appropriations for schools IN
Evening star., 1948-09-28
Attorneys As Informers
To the Editor of The Star


Please read the following lines carefully
"It shall be the duty Of any -. attorney
to report any instance Of -. gross misconduct
in connection with . . any proceeding Of
which he may have actual knowledge and, -.
10 give any information in his possession con-
eerning violations of these Rules or the oc-
currence of any acts or omissions which would
be grounds for disbarment ="
Every reader by now will have recognized
that the above quoted lines are written in the
official language of the administration said TO
be related to English. But why does the ad-
ministration not call in the FBI or the DIS
trict Attorney A matter so serious tnae
the administration must order one citizen to
spy on the other must certainly involve high
treason, giving aid and comfort to the enemy
In times Of war. or at least betraying atomic
secrets to Russia.
The truth however, is, that the FBI would
refuse to act In no uncertain terms. For the
following paragraph tells what 1t is all about:
"The use Of display advertisement circulars
i. to solicit patent business is forbidden as
unprofessional conduct and any person en-
gagins In such solicitation may be ds-
barred from further practice"
The branch Of the administration worrying
Evening star., 1948-09-28

so much about ads is, of all bureaus, the
Patent Office.
The story told by these two paragraphs is
not very creditable one. minor Office wants
to promote some rule which must stir up
much resistance, as it is departure from a
long standing practice, or it has other reasons
to cut out criticism, coming of course from the
inside Therefore rule is introduced which
by virtue of its appeal to the lowest instincts,
by its Indictment to malicious accusation un-
der the cloak of strictest official secrecy and by
its legalization of slanderous denunciations will
Keep the desks of the Office well stocked with
material" for disbarment, which does not only
mean dishonorable discharge, but also COM
plete economic ruin. mere hint that such
material is ready for use therefore will keep
everybody in line. The neat little scheme
would certainly have been approved with an
appreciative chuckle by Fouche or Met
ternich. INNOCENT.
Evening star., 1948-09-28
Sinsle Girls in Apartments

TO the Editor of The Star:
We hear much Of the housing shortage.
Many young married couples are unable to get
shelter Of any kind, while many apartments are
occupied by so-called Bachelor girls" and un-
married men. During the war many OF these
single girls secured apartments stating they
were going to be married as soon as their boy
friends came back from overseas Many OF
these girls had no boy friends overseas or any
where else; and they still are in apartments
financed with the aid of Government funds for
american families" Landlords don't mind
renting to these girls as they don't have chill
dren to contend with.
The Government should insist that apart
merits financed with Government funds be
rented to families and that all apartments
occupied by single people be vacated There
are plenty Of vacant sleeping rooms and board
ing houses for these single people who want to
enjoy the benefits OF married life without as
suning its responsibilities.
w. H. CORKREAN.
Evening star., 1948-09-28
Assessors Procedures Criticized


To the Editor of The Star
The item in The Star of September 81, relat-
ing to the method used by the District OF
Columbia assessor in appraising property IN
homes and apartments raises the question
whether the assessor is following the provisions
of the tax statutes. The statutes give the
householders an exemption Of $1,000, but the
assessor in many cases is appraising household
effects in excess of s. 900. leaving balance on
which a tax is payable. The assessor Is not
basing his appraisals on inspections OF the
property but upon the mean or average value
of household effects reported by owners In
similar groups.
OF course, Congress could not enact any tax
law on any such basis, because 1t would result
in tax in many cases on property which
householders do not own. 1t Is unreasonable
to say that every householder IN group has
the same amount Of household effects It thus
appears that the assessor is doing indirectly
what Congress cannot do directly.
It is true that if householder be dissatisfied
with this method of appraisal, he may ask for
q reappraisal, but in numerous cases the tax
is SO small that the householder would rather
pay the tax than contest it. Especially is this
true since it may be presumed that the predi-
lection Of the assessor upon inspection would
be to sustain his original appraisal.
It is not the duty of the assessor to multiply
the exemptions provided in the tax statutes by
excessive appraisals. Nor is 1t his duty to pro-
vide for collections of small amounts from
householders on the theory that they will not
find 1t worthwhile to resist improper appraisals.
It might Be, we'll for the assessor to ponder
statement by Frank E. Holman, the incoming
president of the American Bar Association,
pledging the association ito defense OF indi-
vidual rights against arbitrary powers and
against bureaucratic centralizations which
break down the impartial rule Of law and sub
stitute uncontrolled official dscretions.'
r. WILSON
Evening star., 1948-09-28
Red Gains in Chino

Communist capture of Fsinan, chief city
in Shantung Province, is the latest in
series of successes which appear to be
shaking the grip of the National govern
ment throughout Northern China. No
where are the Nationalist armies able to
make headway against a concerted Red
offensive which is slashing vital rail COM
munication lines and isolating Nationalist
garrisons' supplied only by air. The cumu-
lative effect of these reverses, coupled with
the evil effects of galloping monetary in
hation is to undermine the prestige OF
the National government and its leader,
Chang Kai-shek The repercuSSlons on
China at large are grave enough to por-
tend a major crisis in the long drawn-out
struggle for supremacy which has ragged
with varying fortunes over so many years.
OF course, it should be understood that
Chinas interminable civil war cannot be
measured or evaluated by Western stand
ards. China is vast, spraWling country,
large as the United States, nearly thrice
as populous, and for the most part with
primitive communications. On such
huge battle-ground, the loss of city or
even province is merely an episode in
complex, sloW-motion drama. Nevertheless,
the general trend is obviously adverse to
the National government. Unless this
trend be stayed or reversed, the eventual
collapse of Chiang's regime or its dis
integration into local factions is clearly
indicated.
Such an eventuality would be extremely
unfortunate for the West in general and
the United States in particular. Commu-
mist domination over all or large part of
China would upset an already precarious
balance of forces, not in China alone but
over most of Asia. 1t would add new life
to the current Communist offensive in the
lands to the southwark of China and would
presumably have grave effects upon India.
All this should be kept in mind at
time when the spotlight of public interest
is focused upon Europe and the crisis
over Berlin. We should not forget that
Communist strategy is literally worldwide,
and that one of its favorite tactics is a
diversionary shift to some relatively neg
lected sector. Many experts on the Orient
warn us that conditions there favor COM
munism more than in Europe. And Com
munist triumphs in Asia would, in the
long run, be only trifle less disastrous
than similar gains in the European theater.
The difficulty is that, no matter how cor
rect this diagnosis, it is hard to see how,
in the present situation, we can divert the
strength needed to cope with a deterio-
rating trend in the Far East. The one
ameliorating aspect is the slower tempo of
change in the Orient, especially in China.
This may give us time margin not
vouchsafed us in Europe. Yet, sooner or
later the Far Eastern situation will have
to be faced by US and the Western world
1t cannot be ignored or permitted to go
by default
Evening star., 1948-09-28
Free Vote in Virginia

A situation that is not without It's
inherent touch of irony has been created
by the apparent decision of the Virginia
Democratic State Central Committee to
sit on the fence in the forthcoming presi-
dental election.
There is some, but not much, room for
quibblng as to the intent and meaning Of
the resolutions adopted by the committee
at it's meeting in Richmond on Saturday.
The first resolution is aimed at getting
out the full Democratic vote" on election
day. The second directs that certain funds
"be used in the interest of the Democratic
Party" Nowhere was there mention or
Endorsement of the Truman-Barkley
ticket, and a Truman supporter who
wanted a specific Endorsement OF the
national ticket was denied the floor on
the ground that he was not committee
member CA similar ruling had been in
voked when another nonmember sought
to speak in behalf of the Thurmond States
Rights ticket)
The fair inference from all of this is
that the State Central Committee is
opposed to the reelection of President
Truman This is an inference which can
not be broadened to apply TO all Of the
leaders of the dominant political organ
ization in Virginia, for some of them,
however unenthusiasticaly, will publicly
support the Truman-Barkley ticket. But
it is the reasonable Interpretation to put
upon what the committee did and said,
and, this being so, it can be argued that
there is reason to regret that the COM
mittee was not more courageous and forth
right.
At the same time it is difficult to SYM
pathize with some of the complaints that
are being heard. The Richmond Times
Dispatch, commenting edtorially on the
action, concludes that the Democrats of
Virginia are now free" to vote for Presi-
dent Truman, Governor Thurmond or
Governor Dewey. The Times-Dispatch
does not say whether it thinks this is good
or bad But the plain implication of the
political critics of the State Commit
tee-those who are generally described as
constituting the liberal wing of the Virginia
Democratic Party-is that it is bad. And
there is at least touch of irony in finding
this group among the complainants be-
cause the Democratic voters are being
given free choice this year by what it
likes to describe as the ruthless Byrd-Tuck
machine.
Actually, there is reason to believe that
this sort Of thing is good for the political
future of the South. The State Committee,
| of course, Is not thinking along this line,
and If the Democrats had nominated a
presidential candidate to it's liking the
committee would be working to get out
the vote in his behalf. But the present
motives of the State Committee have little
bearing on the proposition that the South
would be better of II its voters could
achieve a real measure of political inde-
pendence. There is something basically
and inherently wrong with the assumption
that any State Committee Of any party
can or should be able to swing the voters
one way or another. And II there is to be
| an emancipation Of the voters In Virginia
Evening star., 1948-09-28
PITY the Secret Service Mon

It is a safe bet that at least one section
of President Truman's encourage does not
approve of their boss campaign tactic OF
getting close to the people in his rear
platform appearances. To the Secret
Service men Mr.. Truman's down earth
mingling with station crowds Is a viola
ton of the rule book which governs their
job of protecting the President and his
family from harm. 1t is no secret that
the Secret Service is very unhappy about
the whole business.
Dispatches from news correspondents
aboard the Truman special train, the
Ferdinand Magellan" show why the
dapper, sharp-eyed Treasury agents are
biting their fingernails and talking to
themselves. The stories tell of Mr.. Tru-
mans folksy habit of pushing right into
the midst of throngs and shaking hands
right and left, with the ever-present
Secret Service operatives on the fringe,
trying frantically to keep their eyes on
everybody in the crowd. Presidents are
not supposed to do things like that. In
fact, the Secret Service is under orders to
prevent such fraternization-if they can.
But the President, after all, is boss. So,
at whistle stop after whistle stop, Mr..
Truman exuberantly continues to pump
arms and indulge in small talk with his
admirers, strangers as well as acquaint-
ances And that is not all. Frequently
he invites the strangers to step aboard his
private car and meet Mrs. Truman and
daughter Margaret. Reporters estimate
that more persons have seen the interior
of the presidential car in recent weeks
than on any previous trip.
This is all very thrilling and pleasant
to the favored crowds, but 1t must be a
narrowing ordeal for the men whose legal
responsibility it is to keep cranks and
suspicious persons away from the Presi-
dent For all the Secret Service knows,
many crank and suspicious person may
have accepted Mr.. Trun1an's invitation to
shake hands and inspect his private car.
The Secret Service men can only frown
and redouble their efforts to scrutinize all
who get close to their chief. They deserve
lot of sympathy as well as admiration
for their tireless efforts in the face Of
difficulties inherent in the Presidents
determination to meet as many little
people" as possible.