davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-12-31
MAS0NS. FAMILIES
 INVITED TO INITIATION

The Order of Eastern Star will hold a public installation of of- ficers on Tuesday, January 4, at 8 p. m. in the hall above Bjorge's garage.
 A regular meeting of OES will precede installation ceremonies. All Masons and their families are Invited to attend. Lunch will be served.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-12-31
TRAP CLOSURES: FISHING PRESERVES FOR
 WRANGELL DISTRICT

WRANGELL DISTRICT The following proposals for cur tailment of fishing intensity in Southeast Alaska were received yesterday from the Fish and Wild life Service by local Agent D. W. Bates. The information pertains to proposed trap closures. fishing preserves and closed areas sug- gested for regulatory action to apply during the 194S fishing sea- son.
 Local fishermen and merchants were meeting with MT. Bates at p. m. today to discuss the pro- posals.
 Wrangell District Summer and North Clarence Straits)
 1. Close outside two traps at entrance to Sumner Strait and three traps in approaches to Stik- inc and mainland areas.
 a. Warren Island Fisheries
 Warren Island trap
 b. 0. Nilholson
 Cape Pole No.
 C. c & s Rubenstein
 King George Trap
 d. Farwest Wrangell
 Steamer Point No. 2
 e. Nakat Pkg. Co.,
 Union Point No. 10
 2. Make preserve out of Wran- 'gell Narro~,- A preserve is con- .sidered a comparatively large. area wherein all fishing is prohibited, but unlike closed area, a preserve could be temporarily opened if it happened to receive an undue quantity of fish,
 3. Create. a preserve in the de- |pleted Beauclerc-Rocky Pass To- tenn Bay sector. This would cut out all gear, including the following four traps:
 a. Farwest Wrangell
 Beauclerc No.
 b. P.A.F.
 Beauclerc Trap
 c. P.A.F
 Totem Bay Trap
 d. P. E. Harris
 Boulder Point No
 4. Create a preserve in the Shak- an Bay and Fl Capitan Pass area with a closure of all waters in- side the Outtermost points of Shak- an Bay to and including all wat CTS of Fl Capitan passage east of Orr Island.
 Stikine District (Taku would conform where possible):
 1. Extend the red salmon season from the present opening date of June 25 to June 20 to provide for greater opportunity in securing early run.
 ?. Close all fishing during the end of the red run and just before the silver run - proposed dates July 20 to August 10.
 3. In 1850 close the river to king salmon operations by pro- hibiting all lishing in the district until June 20
 Seasons:
 The earliest possible opening date allowable would be August 8 uniformly (except gill net areas) throughout Southeastern Alaska. Closing date would be September 3, with possibility of extension where or F warranted.
 General:
 These proposals are the result of reaction to previous proposals which indicated majority opin- ion that season was too short to permit an operation and that the season now being proposed is Aug ust south of Frederick Sound and August 15 in more seriously de- pleted northern areas with tenta- tive closure dated September 3. subject to change either direction depending on run.
 This proposal has no relation whatsoever to the five point pro- gram concerning licensing the five point program requires change in basic act and would not appIy next season in any event
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-12-31
FOR ARCTIC TRAINING

FAIRBANKS Three B-50's flew in this week from the states for Arctic traing in the north.
 Weather here is already 37 be- low zero. Two other planes are temporarily delayed at Spokane.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-12-31
EXPECTED HERE

Shirley Mccormick and little niece. Linda Lee Lucas, are expect ed to fly down from Juneau today to spend few days at the McCor- mick home.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-12-31
HERE FOR VISIT

Charles Nordstrom of Ketchikan, who was stationed in Wrangell for IS months during the war with the Coast Guard, is in town for a few days visit.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-12-31
TIME CHANGE

Annual meeting of Wran- geI Cooperative Association of IRA. and election of new Council members will be held Thursday. January 6. 1949. at A.N.B. Hall at 500 D. m.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-12-31
TO JUNEAU

Acting Governor Lew NJ. Will Hams returned to Juneau yester- day after spending Christmas with his family here.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31

'COlIlnueO from FlTSt FaReJ
month should spread, however, Com
munist arrival on the Yangtze would
depend more on the Red ability to
move than on fighting.
U. s. Trip Suggested.
Just one week ago an annoyed
Marking legislator urged that Chang
take years trip to the United
States. This was howled down, but
today the suggestion was repeated
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Mukden a Key Point
lin Manchuria' S Iona
And Chaotic History

Mukden, a city of more than
lbs 900 population, has long been
a key point In the chaotic history
Of Manchuria.
Fought there was the protracted
Battle of Mukden" which lasted
from February 10 to March 10, 1905,
when the city, Russian strong
hold, fell to the Japanese during
the Russo-Japanese War.
1t is the ancestral capital of the
Manchu Dynasty which ruled China
from 1914 to 1911. 1t is known to
the Chinese Is Fengtien or Sheng-
king abundant CapitaD.
The stragetic and focal signifi-
canoe of the city was realized at an
early date. In the 18th century, 1t
was the northernmost of the three
capitals Of the Empire of the Kin
Tatars Golden Horde, originally
from the steppes Of northern Man
churia. In 1914 when the Manchus
supplanted the Mings on the I'm
perial throne the capital was trans
ferred to Peking, but Mukden re-
tanned its prestige.
The treasures Of the royal house
were deposited in its palaces and
the tombs Of the earlier emperors
are among the most famous monu-
ments in China.
Manchuria Is the name Of the
territory to the northeast of China
proper. Although long essentially
marginal to China proper and dur
ing much of its history in the &C.
cupation of hostile peoples, its for
tunes became liked to China during
the Manchu reign.
But it remained q frontier ter
ritory, partly under the control of
the Chinese government and sub
ject to penetration Of Russia and
Japan. Japanese dominance in
Manchurian affairs grew after the
Russo-Japanese War.
Seized by Japs in 1881. i.
In 1881, the japanese forces struck,
giving as the reason what they al
legged to be the blowing up by the
Chinese of q part of the South
Manchurian Railway just outside of
Mukden. They took over most of
Manchuria, setting up puppet
Chinese government and declared
the independent state of Man
chukuo.
Russian troops moved into Man
chuira during World War II, with
drawing early in 1916 from most of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Teochers Meet tomorrow

The Elementary Classroom Teach
ers Association will hold its first
business meeting of the school year
at 3:45 pm. tomorrow at Burdick
Vocational School, Thirteenth and
Allison streets NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31

the territory. At this time, hostil-
tiles broke out between the Chinese
Nationalist and the Chinese Com
munist troops.
Mukden is the chief center of the
railway system of Southern Man
churia. 1t is near the junction of
the rich agricultural plain Of South
Manchuria with the foreSted high
lands. Nearby are the Fushun coal
fields.
1t also has been the educational
center Of South Manchuria. It con-
sists of three parts, the old town
which contains the Imperial Palaces
and the Chinese government Offices
surrounded by four mile long wall; ;
the new town which was the Japa-
nese concession, and an intermedi-
ate commercial quarter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
17,426 on Waiting List
For VA Hospital Beds

Although the number of veterans
awaiting beds in Veterans Aminis-
tration Hospitals for September
was declared to be the lowest within
the past year, there were 17,426 on
the waiting list.
Only 36 of the 1925 on the wait
ing treatment rolls were service
connected cases, however.
Most of the veterans. 1859 OF
them have been on the lists for II
days or more. Others have been in
the line for lesser periods.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Lutin American Arts
To Be Gallery Topic
P. WirephotoS.

Arts and crafts in Mexico, Gen.
trail and South America will be dis
cussed by Miss Florence Arquin at
4 pm. today in the National GAL
lery Of Art. ,..,. s. ,.~.e.4...-4, ,,H
Other events scheduled at the
gallery include the concluding con-
cert in the Mozart festival, at 8
o'clock tonight in the East garden
court. The Mozart Trio will play.
Therese Nye, soprano. and Joseph
Collins and John Yard, baritones,
will sing
A special tour of the painting of
Cezanne will be given by Crosse
Evans at II am. daily, tomorrow
through Saturday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Soviet Land Seizures
Based on Nazi Pact
OF 1889, Army Says
By the Axseeiofsd Rrass

Russia defined much of her pres
ent or projected sphere of control
in Eastern. Europe as early as 1889
it was shown in a document re-
leased by the Army last night.
The volume was the 18th and
final of a series on the trials of
the major Nazi war criminals. The
final volume, devoted TO records of
the defense, included an account of
the RuSso-German Non-Aggression
Pact of 1899. The account was con-
tanned in an AFFIDAVIT by Friedrich
Gaus, legal adviser to the German
Foreign Office.
GauS' affidavit was submitted in
connected with the trial of Nazi
Foreign Minister Joachim van Rib
bentrop.
Hitler Drafted Pact.
Gaus said the nonaggression pro-
posal originated with Germany, and
implied that Hitler probably draft
ed the original message.
On August %, 1899, Gaus &C
companied Ribbentrop to Moscow.
On the part of the Russians, the
negotiations were led by Messrs.
Stain and Molotov," Gaus wrote.
Contained in the nonaggression
pact and in secret additional pro-
tocol." said Gaus, was the outline of
what the two powers wanted in
Europe.
Interest Spheres Named.
AS summer up in the secret pro-
tocol, this Is how the spheres of in
f1uence in Eastern Europe were de-
cided:
81. In the event of a territorial
political change in the area of the
Baltic States Finland, Estonia,
Latvia, Lithuania) the northern bor-
der Of Lithuania forms the demar-
cation of the spheres of interest of
Germany and the U. S. S. R. At the
same time Lithuania's right to the
area Of Wilma is hereby recognized
by both parties.
2. In the event of a territorial
political change in the territory be-
longing to the Polish State the
spheres of interest of Germany and
the U. s. S. r. shall be divided
roughly by the lines of the Rivers
Narew, Vistula and San.
Reich Yielded Balkans.
The question of whether the in
terests of the two parties desire the
maintaining of an independent
Polish State and what the borders
Of this State would be can only be
cleared up as a result of further
political developments.
I'm any case the two governments
will solve these problems by way of
friendly negotiation.
Regarding Southeast Europe the
U. S. S. r. stresses her interest in
Bessarabia. Complete political dis
interest regarding this area is stat
ed on the part of Germany"
Much of the material contained in
the volume appeared during the
Nuremberg trials of the chief Nazis
accused of war crimes.
Among the sidelights was testi-
mony that Naz spies learned little
about development OF the atomic
bomb in the United States.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Chile Note on Antarctic
Clam Studied by U. 5.
By the Associofed Press

The State Department said yes
terday it is studying Chilean
aide-memoire dealing with the cur.
rent conflict over Antarctic claims.
The Chilean document, authorities
disclosed, rejects an American pro-
posal to internationalize the whole
Antarctic area but suggests in turn
that the interested nations Coop
crate temporarily on scientific re-
search in the area.
The aide-memoire was turned
over to the United States Embassy
m Santiago by the Chilean Govern
ment and received at the State De-
partment last Tuesday.
1t was in reply to suggestions
made by Caspar green of the State
Department when he visited Chile
and Argentina Few months ago to
propose the plan.
The United States offered the
same internationalization idea to
Britain, Norway, Australia, New
Zealand and France.
An aide-memoire is an infrequent-
ly used type Of diplomatic document
which does not have the formality
of a note. It was used in this in
stance, officials noted, to carry out
the United States imposed theme
that the current discussions among
the eight nations are informal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
MetcuIfe to Speak Tonight

John c. Metcalf, writer and lee
turer, will discuss the United States
problems in foreign affairs when he
speaks at o'clock tonight at Dun
barton College. He has made six
trips into postwar Germany.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31

Miss Mary Eleanor Braden, 26
American consulate secretary, who
is in Communicated Mukden with
about IS other Americans, formerly
was in Government service here.
Her sister, Miss Blanche Braden
81, an Agriculture Department en-
ploye, said Miss Braden came to
Washington from Dysart, Iowa, in
1910 and after attending secretarial
school worked for the Labor Depart
ment and later the ONCE of Stra-
tegic Services.
Before accepting a two-year as
signment in Mukden in April, 1947
Miss Braden spent a year in Natal
Brazil, as a civilian employee OF the
Air Force.
Another sister, Mrs. James T
Haden, lives at Boiling Air Force
Base and a brother, Robert w
Braden, is an American University
student.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
So, 526 Miles Covered
In '48 Blood Program g

Volunteer drivers have covered a
total of 36,526 miles in the service
of the blood program of the District
Red Cross since the first Of the
year, Mrs. David E. Finlay, District
Red Cross chairman, said yesterday.
The motor trips, made by 90
drivers. consisted chiefly Of deliv-
cries Of blood to hospitals covered
by the Washington Regional Blood
Center and the transporting of
blood donors.
Mrs. Finley said 5,616 blood donors
were transported by the. volunteer
motor service. A total of 6,595 pints
OF human blood were delivered to
hospitals and physicians and the
drivers gave 1898 hours.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Coreoron Gallery Plans
Tea for Exhibit JUDGES

The Corcoran Gallery of Art will
give a tea at 4:30 today, at
which gallery members will meet
the three judges of the Artists OF
Washington and Vicinity Exhibi-
ton, to be held in the Corcoran
November 20 through December 18
The Judges of the annual art ex-
hibit will be Walter Stuempfig, jr
Dorothy Crafty, Philadelphia artist
and critic and Willis F. Woods OF
the Corcoran staff
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31

by the magazine University Critic,
published by a group of Marking
educators. "a nice long trip to
America is the traditional Chinese
way of disposing OF leaders who are
out of favor for any reason)
No individual or group within Gen.
Chiang's government Kuomintang
Nationalist Party seems capable
of taking over and effectively prose-
cutting the war, however.
Most foreign onlookers were in
clined to believe that a logical ulti-
mate outcome might be Commu-
mist -dominated coalition" govern
ment. This might have the dissi-
dent Marshal Ii Chi-shen as its
titular head. Marshal Ii, exiled in
Hong Kong, already has sent repre-
sentativeS north to discuss coali-
ton with the Communists.
The United States attitude appar-
entity is one Of wait. and see," with
tne embassy, consulates and military
and naval advisory groups continu-
ing to function.
Consulate Has Ample Food.
Possibly significant in this con-
nection Consul General Angus Ward
and his wife and staff of IL remained
in Mukden. Twenty other Ameri-
cans are reported also to be there
The consulate is said to have ample
food under its own guards.
(The State Department said
the following Americans were In
Mukden besides Mr.. and Mrs
Ward:
Erred e. Hubbard, vice con-
sui, Edgemont, S. OAK: william
N. Stokes, vice consul, Staten
Island, N. Y, and the following
clerical personalities Mary E.
Braden. Dysart, Iowa; Jack c.
Feigal, Pine Island, Mimi; Wal
ter S. Norman. Sealy, Texas:
Hugo c. Picard. Fall River, Mass;
Ralph C. Rehberg, Rochester,
N. Y, and Eden B. Erickson,
Concordia, Kans)
u. 5. Task Force Arrives.
Nervous Tsingtao, big North China
port which is an American naval
base, was heartened by the arrival
of American Task Force SO at noon
Saturday.
This force, comprising the car
riers Tarawa and Princeton, light
cruisers Astoria and Pasadena, and
eight destroyers, sailed from Pearl
Harbor october Is of what was Of
ficially described as routine cruise.
1t was then scheduled to stay in
Tsingtao two weeks.
Non-American foreigners there
and in such tense northern cities as
Peiping and Tientsin speculated
on whether the American Navy
would give them a lift out. The
Navy removed British subjects from
Chefoo. when that Shantung port
was abandoned by the government
two weeks ago. .
Veteran foreign residents Of China,
however, did not anticipate dis
orders in major cities due to the
military situation. They said Chi
nese simply do not act that way,
and predicted that almost certain
changes would come slowly, by oc-
cidental standards.
Members of the legislative yuan,
still hammering at the govern
ment over the economic crisis, said
food and fuel shortages rather than
the military plight might lead to
rioting.
They said a promised govern
ment statement on economic plans
had better be good"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
J. {. CoIIif|ower Honored
AT AIeantara Banquet

A diamond studded pin was pre-
sented last night to James E. Col
liflower, District civic leader, by the
Alcantara Caravan No. IL, Order OF
the Alhambra, at banquet in his
honor at the Hotel Washington.
Commissioner Guy Mason, a spe-
cial guest, was among the 300 per-
sons who saw the presentation
made by Leo N. MCGUIRE, grand
commander of the Catholic frater-
nal organization.
Mr.. Collifiower, past grand COM
mander of the order, is a former
president Of the Washington Board
of Trade and has headed other
civic and fraternal organizations
In 1941, he was awarded the dis
tinguished service medal for out
standing civic activity by the Cos
mopolitan Club, of which he is a
past president.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Worker Truinees to Give
School Skits Today

Industrial and white collar work.
ers who have returned recently from
workers resident schools will present
their impressions of these schools in
skit form at 2 pm today at the
x street branch of the YWCA.
The Washington Workers Edu-
cation Committee, with headquar-
tiers at 1903 Seventeenth street NV,
sponsored these workers and helped
to raise scholarships for those at
tending the schools. Schools at
tended included the White Collar
Workshop at the University of Ohio
and the Hudson Shore Labor
School at West Park, N. Y.
Following the skits, the education
committee will elect officers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-31
Chino

Continued From First Page.)
Evening star., 1948-11-10
Latvia: "A Grim Warning

To the Editor of The Star:
The 30-year anniversary of the declaration of
independence Of Latvia will be on November ID.
Since 1910 Latvia-one of the three Baltic
republics-has been occupied, first by Soviet
Russia, then by Nazi Germany and again by
Stains Russia, which annihilated Latvia by
the Molotov- -Ribbentrop secret agreement Of
1899, one partner of which was hanged by the
Nuremberg International War Grimes Tribunal
This anniversary will be painful as many
Latvians have been executed, murdered, de-
ported or just disappeared. In 1910 Russia
deported in one night $4,000 men, women and
children. The deliberate extinction Of Latvians
still continues.
Is Latvia's fate trivial? Would you say that
the fate of the people Of Arkansas, Arizona,
Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District Of
Columbia, Florida, Idaho, Kansas, Maine
Maryland, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire,
New Mexico North Dakota, oregon, Rhode
Island South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah,
Vermont, Washington, West Virginia or Wyo-
ming Is insignificant? The population of Latvia
equals or exceeds that of any one Of the above
States.
This anniversary will be observed everywhere
Latvians are-in secret meetings in Latvia. in
the abodes Of the Latvian guerrillas, in Sibe-
rian slave labor camps, In exile
Latvia's fate should be a grim warning to the
people everywhere Of what happens If a nation
is in the way Of Communist world-conquest
aspirations FANS ROETUM.
Latvian Refugee In Germany.
Evening star., 1948-11-10
Nashville and Our Streetcars
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
The Hermitage, home of the late President
Andrew Jackson, Is 10 miles east OF Nashville
We had never been there before. There is
bus every four hours so we went out to see 1t.
There Is 30-cent admission charge, but It's
worth all the trouble 1t takes to walk from the
bus stop, half mile, to the old mansion
My purpose in pointing out The Hermitage
as point Of national interest Is to call atten-
ton to Nashvilles transportation, which is Just
about nonexistent. Washington will squawk to
high heaven come the day its streetcars are
removed. Here they stand on crowded streets
for long periods waiting only for city transpor-
tation For transportation outside the city
limits, you must stand for one hour to eaten
bus to The Hermitage, or to the DAVIDSON
County T. B. Hospital. Nashville once had
street railways Today in Nashville there Is no
transportation worthy Of the name. Only a
lot of crowded buses with strong exhaust fumes
filing the coach and the air around them
Where is Washington headed in the matter
Of city transportation? Look out across the
Avenue in front of the Old Post ONCE Depart
ment You'll see lines Of Virginia people
standing. That Is common on every street cor
ner In Nashville, standing and waiting after
hard day. I only wish Washingtonians could
see Nashvilles bus system before another mile
of streetcar track is torn up.
E-sHARRY ALEXANDER.