davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22

PHILADELPHIA = The Repub- lican Party has always flirted with the idea of breaking the Solid South. It has also posed as the party of emancipation. the cham pion of square deal for the South. Yet when it comes to nominat- ing the most coveted prize in the Republican party, it treats South ern delegates as so many paWns to be bartered back and forth across the counter. These are the delegates traditionally bought and paid for, who can tip the scales for or against the leading candi- date
 Once back in 1928 enough Re- publicans got so indignant about this barter of delegates that they held a Senate investigation of Her bert Hoover's southern purchases. According to the sworn testimony before the Senate committee, Ben Davis Colored COP National Com
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
GR0MMET REFER LOADING FREIGHT
 FOR ALA5kA PORTS

SEATTLE, June 22-R-Cargo for the next sailing of the SS Grom- met Reefer to Southwestern Alaska will be accepted until June 24, offi- cials of the Alaska Transportation Company said today.
 The vessel arrived on Puget Sound Sunday with cargo of frozen fish.
 Her ports of call on her northwsrd voyage include Sitka, Valdez, Cor dova and Seward.
 The vessel provides five-day ser- vice from Seattle and connects with the Alaska Railroad at Seward.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
Congress Votes Millions For Work Ln Alaska
White Delegation Approved;|
 'BIatks' May Make Appeal
 Direct 10 cop Convention Floor

PHILADELPHIA, June 22.-4R- The three-vote so-called Alaska White" delegation headed by Hen ry A. Benson, of Juneau, was ap- proved today by the Credentials Committee of the Republican con- vention.
 Benson's group previously won a contest before the National Com mittee. It is considered favorable .o Gov. Thomas E. Dewey, of New York, for President.
 The committee vote was not an- nounced but Edwin J. Jaeckle, member from New York, said it was not unanimous.
 The Seattle Times correspondent 1t the convention said she was advised only five members of the Remember Dewey y-controlled com mittee voted in favor of seating the Blacks" the opponents of longtime National Committeeman Al White of Juneau.
 The opposition faction contended the Whites" have dispensed with district caucuses and precinct or ganizations against the popular will of Alaska Republicans.
 Seated Delegation
 The seated delegation includes, besides Benson, Julius c. Morris, Anchorage, and Mrs. Jane Dorsh, Fairbanks.
 The losing Black" contestants were R: E. Robertson, Juneau at rorney; Jack Clawson, Anchorage, and Cash Cole. Juneau. They brought proxies from alternates elected at the recent Mount Mc- Kinley Park convention.
 After the setback, Robertson de- clared: "Once more it seems poli- tical expediency, not the merits of the case proved the deciding factor"
 Blacks" Present Case
 The Times correspondent said the Blacks" presented their case to the National Committee last Fri day and were turned down. With in "A hours, they appealed the com mittee's decision.
 Horace Black. Salt Lake City attorney who is conversant with the Alaska issues, argued their case before the Credentials Committee yesterday.
 In an executive session today, the committee sustained the Na- tional Committees action.
 May Appeal
 Capt. Austin E. Lathrop of Fair banks, who was elected National Committeeman on the Black" slate said his group had not decided whether to make further ap- peal from the floor-the last re- course open at the convention.
 The controversy is attributable to the fact the Republican National Committee has no rule requiring Territories to call caucuses before elections. The Lathrop group is now seeking such rule, the Times correspondent said.
 Robertson said orthodox" Re- publicans in Alaska have tried at the last five sessions of the Terri torial Legislature to get law mak- ing popular precinct and district caucuses mandatory before all elec- tions.
 Each time," he said, ''the Whites combined with Democrats to defeat such a measure.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
REPUBLICAN, pLATF0RM
 NOW READY
Will Be Submitted 10 Con vention tomorrow
 PIanks Outlined
By MAX HALL


 PHILADELPHIA, June 22.-Rl-- Republican policy makers today completed a l948 platform pledg- ing internationalism a potent mili- itary machine and civil rights for all.
 The platform framers finally laid the text before the country after nearly a week of writing, wrang- ling and revising
 The objective is to win as many votes as possible in November. The Democrats will write plat form next month for the same purpose
 Chairman Henry Cabot Lodge of the COP resolutions committee will offer the 2,400-word document shortest in the party's history to the national convention tomor- row for approval Conventions usually accept platform without a fuss. Republican National Chair man Carroll Reece today predicted harmonious action
 The platform, adopted by the ex- hausted resolutions committee at l2l0 a. m today, was described by Lodge as broad enough for any of the main Republican Presiden- tial hopefuls to stand upon.
 It deals with scores of highly controversial topics. among them public housing, Israel, prices, and anti-Communist legislation.
 Foreign Policy Plank
 The foreign policy plank--dedi- cated to the preservation of a free America in a free world of free men" and plumping had for "col- lective security against aggression bears the unmistakable marks of Michigan's Senator Arthur H. Van denberg, possible. darkhorse con- tender for the Presidential nomina- tion.
 It premises full recognition and economic aid to the new nation of Israel,
 Defense Plank
 The national defense plank says we propose maintaining the Army, Navy and Air Force Ito a degree which will insure our na- tional security
 On civil rights, the platform is not far different from President Trumans program which caused such an outcry from southern Democrats.
 The Republicans called for prompt legislation to outlaw lynch ing and to abolish the poll tax They opposed the idea of racial segregation in the Armed Forces
 Communist Plank
 Here in brief is what the plat form says about:
 Communists--It pledges enact ment of such new legislation as may be necessary to expose the reasonable activities of Commun- ists and defeat their objective oi establishing here goddess dicta- tcrship controlled from abroad
 Elections-It fayors a change ir the method of electing Presidents in order to more exactly reflect the popular vote"
 Alaska Statehood
 Among other things, the platform favors eventual statehood. for Hawaii, Alaska and Puerto Rico and urges development Of Alaskan communications and resources. The statehood position was dis appointment to Alaska and Hawaii both of which sought inclusion oi an outright statehood declaration.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
FIGHT JEW FORCES,
 PALESTINE
Trouble Starts Over Land ing of Cargo of Arms
 Threat Is Made
cBy The Associated. Press).

OtN0 4OA6Aib 01"o WI oAA1 AOANAA den landing of arms in Palestine Israel sent naval and land forces tc Natanya, 18 miles north of Tel Aviv. to prevent landing of a Cargo ot arms fer Irgun Zvai Leumi, a former Jewish underground force. Irgun saic some of it's men were killed ano warned Israel that unless it calls of! its army, There will be opened blood battle between the Jews
 The ship was moved overnight in to Tel Aviv Bay and grounded there and more lighting followed today
 The importation of arms is for sde,a .1nder sstlhe rTnitea Naticw truce, now in its second week. The Irgun action also violated orders oi Israel Israeli leaders were gravely concerned.
 ATHENS-Greeks fought Greeks in the mountains near Albania. Greece moved three more divisions into it's greatest offensive aginst Communicated rebels and issued this order of the day:
 Let the Grammos (mountains) be the grave of the Communists"
 It was estimated 1000 followers of Malk kos Vafiades are being corked in a rocky mountain pocket in cam paign which U. S. officers helped plan.
 BERLIN-Currency reform in Western Germany spread economic paralysis in Berlin and the Russian occupation zone. The Russians ac- cordingly accepted a British pro- posal for a four-power talk on cur rency changes in Berlin.
 BERLIN-Marshal Vastly D. So- kolovsky, the Russian commander, wrote the three western commanders not to attempt to introduce their new currency in Berlin. He as- serted Berlin is part of the Soviet zone. The British commander, Gen. Sir Brian Robertson, challenged this statement.
 ROME-The Cominform was re- ported meeting in Czechoslovakia. It is the International Communist Tn formation Bureau" made up of rep resentatives from Russia, Italy, France, Rumania, Bulgaria, Hun gary, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and Poland.
 They were believed reviewing their tactics in view of their recent de- feat in Italy and the western power decision to set up federal govern ment in Western Germany.
 LAKE SUCCESS-Russia is ex- pected to veto in the United Nations today the American demand for Se- curity Council approval of the atomic control plan.
 DELHI, India-One of the nine men accused of killing Mohandas K Gandhi decided to turn state evil dence The other eight, on trial at Delhi, dropped their juanty attitude N. " Godse, Poona editor, was named in the indictment as the ac- tual killer.
 MANTLA-The Philippine House voted approval of amnesty for the 50.000 peasant guerrillas called the Hukbalahap.
 TOKYO-William Sebald. acting U. $. Political advisor for Japan and chief of Gen. MacArthurs dip locaticS section. denied that U. &. policy is to rebuild a militant Japan
 Mir and Mrs. George B. Linn of Hoonah are in Juneau staying at the Hotel Juneau.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
HERE FROM PELICAN

Mrs. Gene Torkilsen from Peli- can City, is registered at the Baranof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
FROM PORTLAND

w. w. Dunham from Portland, Oregon, is visiting here and a guest at the Baranof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
FROM SALT LAKE CITY

G. w. Forester from Salt Lake City. Utah, is staying at the Bar anof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
FROM PETERSBURG

Mrs. Anna McGilton, here from Petersburg. is staying at the Cas- tineau Hotel,
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22

MT. and Mrs. George B. Linn of Hoonah are in Juneau staying at the Hotel Juneau.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
The W ashington Merry Go- Round
By DREW PEARSON

fCopyright 1s4s. by The Bell Syndicate,
 Incl
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
Alaska Statehood

Among other things. the platform favors eventual statehood" for Hawaii, Alaska and Puerto Rico and urges development Of Alaskan communication and resources.
 The statehood position was dis appointment to Alaska and Hawaii. both of which sought inclusion of an outright statehood declaration.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22

Continued on Page six)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22

,Contlnued on Page Four)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22

tContinued on Page Fise)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22

MANrLA-The Philippine House voted approval of amnesty for the 50.000 peasant guerrillas called the Hukbalahap.
 TOKYO-William Sebald. acting U. $. Political advisor for Japan and chief of Gen. MacArthurs dip locaticS section. denied that U. s. policy is to rebuild a militant Japan
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-06-22
More Speeches

During the convention hours to- day speeches are scheduled by Senator Kenneth Wherry of Me- nraska, Congresswoman Frances Bolton Of Ohio. Senator Raymond
Evening star., 1948-02-29

Leyte without a single fatality or
serious injury, but there have been
some losses on launching and In
the air, and a crackup is always
possible when the planes come in.
The writer saw more than a few of
the Leyte's 90-odd fighters and
bombers crash on deck In way
that made the pilots escape seem
near-miraculous. And during the
same period a flyer was lost from
the Philippine Sea and another
saved in the water by the Leyte's
helicopter-a highly serviceable and
reassuring machine, likely to be
attached to all carrier task forces
In the future for intership mail de-
liveries, personnel transfers and
rescue work.
These factors-the risks, the hard
work, the boredom that can come
during q long stay at sea-all are
accepted as an inescapable part Of
Evening star., 1948-02-29
By WiIiiom H. Harrison

In terms of the "foreseeable
future" aircraft carriers-large and
|small-are here to stay. Stated an
other way. although considerable
doubt may be cast on the Navy's
plan to build them on super scale
ranging from 10000 to 10000 tons,
they will be of vital Importance to
us In any war likely to break out
within the next 10 or is years.
Revelation of Hard Work
After that-after Is years, say
conventional carriers conceivably
may be as obsolete as the whalebone
corset, made so by the development
of intercontinental atomic rockets,
guided missiles, supersonic space
ships and the numerous other hor-
rendous devices being predicted by
the push button experts for the world
of tomorrow. Meanwhile, though,
until that world is more clearly in
sight, we had better not neglect our
carrier power. 1t Is insurance We
cannot afford to let lapse; it is the
heart-as was once the battleship-
of the great naval strength we must
have for balanced system of secur-
ity in the troubled age ahead.
This conclusion is based on wide
variety Of opinions expressed to the
writer by some of the worlds best
and most experienced naval airmen
during 10 days abroad the U. S. S.
Leyte on the Atlantic Fleet exercises
now nearing an end in the vicinity
of Panama. The exercises-one of
the largest since the close Of the
war-began on February 8 when the
27 ,000-ton Essex-class Leyte and its
sister ship, the Philippine Sea, set
out from Quonset Point, r. l., later
to rendezvous with Is destroyefs and
3 cruisers for a majestic southwark
movement In support of amphibious
Army and Marine landings on
vieques Island, few miles east OF
Puerto Rico.
To landlubber observer the ex-
Evening star., 1948-02-29
Haop Still Handy Sort of 7hng-Even in Modern Warfare

experts on naval air. These men
and several others of equal rank and
experience aboard, having lived and
fought with carriers for long time,
speak with authority on the subject,
and 1t is significant that their opin-
ions vary, though there Is common
agreement that ships like the Leyte
will be a security essential for many
years to come.
One can find on the Leyte few
senior officers-none named here
who favor the earliest feasible merg-
er of naval aviation and the United
States Air Force, an arrangement
that would place carrier and land
based operations under q single
overall command. Most others
aboard, however, believe in con-
tinued separation, but they do not
deny that after the "foreseeable fu-
ture" has come and gone, the pres
ent setup may be senseless.
Admiral Duncan's View
AS for super "fattops," there
is no fixed opinion, but there seems
to be considerable coolness to the
idea, with some holding that the
45,00o-ton Midway class is less efn-
cient than the Essex class and that
to build ones Of $4,000 or $4,000 tons
would be a dubious venture.
But to Vice Admiral Donald Brad
ley Duncan-aboard the Leyte with
his staff as kind of quest" and
overall observer and evaluator of
the exercises-it seems surprising
that any one should argue against
the giant carrier. As former deputy
chief of naval operations (air) and
now commander of the I'd Task
Fleet, he is emphatically for 1t. He
does not like to use the word super
in describing it. As he told the
writer, there is nothing fantastic
about it; sit is simply the logical
development of q proven weapon
the weapon of seagoing naval avia-
ton" Moreover, Its sole purpose
is to extend and improve upon the
usefulness and power Of that
Evening star., 1948-02-29

weapon; it is not meant to sup
plant, it Is meant to complement,
other services"
AS one of the Navy's most COM
petent and war-seasoned airmen,
Admiral Duncan considers 1t "ridicu-
lous" for anybody TO set an arbi-
trary limit on the size of carriers
or to get excited over the Nimitz
thesis that they might be used to
deliver atomic weapons against vital
enemy targets many hundreds OF
miles inland AS he sees it, If the
size -worriers had had their way in
times past, the United States would
have third-class ships today. Fur
ther, what sense is there in resist
ing the idea of the Navy's extending
its attack-reach If to do so will
improve the security and overall
striking power OF the Nation?
Admiral Duncan is not a static
thinker. He is quite willing to ad-
nit that the grim art OF warfare
is going through a period of revolu-
tionary change. Nor does he rule
out the possibility-the seemingly
remote possibility-that in another
Is years or so something like sub
marine-carriers may have to replace
the surface type. For the present,
however, he has his feet on the
ground. He wants fiattops of any
size required to do the Job that
needs to be done to keep America
safe-the job of offense and de-
tense, of being ready at all times to
support expeditionary forces, seize
outlying bases, fend of transoce-
anic attack, carry the fight to the
enemy and keep the supplies and
manpower flowing overseas wherever
or whenever necessary.
The Duncan view, in essence, Is
the view held by virtually all naval
airmen. After 10 days of seeing
them in action aboard the Leyte, a
civilian observer, no matter what
his preconceived notions, finds it
dificult not to feel and believe
pretty much the same way.
Evening star., 1948-02-29

others, the movement and spotting
of planes added up to a mediocre
performance: but a couple Of days
later the picture was one OF near
perfection, with fiight-deck officers
and crewmen working together with
such swift grace and precision that
planes were being launched at 10
second Intervals rate the Navy
says is faster than any land base
can achieve with single takeoffs.
The Leyte's impressive showing is
attributable to a long list Of indi-
yiduals, notable among them being
Capt. E. r. Peck, the commanding
officer; Comdr. j. r. Van Evera, ex-
ecutive officer; Comdr. w. E. Has
tings. operations officer; Comdr. v.
L. Hathorn, air officer; Its. r. j.
Gender and A. F. Franceschi, flight
and hangar deck officers and flying
officers like Comdr. Al Boyd-aH
veterans Of the Pacific war and all
Evening star., 1948-02-29

those dealing with the Sherman
Antitrust Act.
Judge Stephens was seriously con-
sidered for appointment to the Su-
preme Court. He now has his legal
residence in the District and has
long been a member of the District
Bar Association.
The jurist was one of the fore
most in securing the establishment
of the Federal Register. the official
Government publication containing
regulations of Federal administra-
tive agencies, executive orders, proc
lamations and other important off,
cial documents. In fact, the "hot
oil" cases became the indirect parent
of the Federal Register.
Before it was established, there
was no one place where judges,
lawyers, businessmen and others
could find the official acts of the
executive branch of the Federal
Government. A Texas lawyer ap-
pearing before the Supreme Court
in the "hot oil" cases pulled from
his hip pocket a dog -eaged copy Of
an order which the Government it
self had difficulty in tracking down.
Judge Stephens and his colleagues,
interested in the project, determined
to have an official publication that
would contain such information in
one place. After the plan had been
pigeonholed for time, the Federal
Register came into being.
Fought for Higher Pay
Judge Stephens has advanced the
cause of the Federal judiciary in
America, too. He is considered one
of the most capable and realistic
jurists in the Nation.
In his new post he becomes a
member Of the Conference of Senior
Circuit Judges, which directs the
fiscal and administrative affairs of
the United States courts.
For the past several years Judge
Stephens has spearheaded move
ments to aid the Federal judiciary.
He assisted materially in obtaining
for United States judges, through
congressional action, an increase in
salaries, the first since 1926. He
argued that the higher salaries were
necessary to retain on the bench
capable jurists, in view of the high
cost of living and because Federal
jurists, like all other citizens, are
subject to income taxes.
Some time back Congress knocked
out money for all law clerks and
secretaries for Federal judges. Again
Judge Stephens went to the fore
and aided in having the appropria-
ton restored.
He has always been interested in
the administrative side of justice.
For he wants the courts to function
justly and efficiently, just like any
going concern. He is
to help the defendant get a
fair and speedy trial, as the Federal
Evening star., 1948-02-29

Allied nations should take was based
dom into that document. I believe
(Soviet Ambassador Litvinov can
be induced to agree to this"
The President said he had been
trying to think of away to obviate
the necessity Of two different docu-
ments, the joint declaration and
the supreme war council proposal.
The President believed that China
and the U. S. S. r. should be lifted
from the alphabetical listing and
placed with the United States and
Britain at the head of the list. II
have a feeling" he commented, "the
u. S. S. r. would not be pleased
to see their name following some
of the countries which. are realisti-
cally making a minor contribution"
White House Meeting Called
"As soon as you and Halifax have
reached a meeting of minds on the
joint declaration, think we should
have prompt conference between
yourself, Halifax. the Prime Minis
ter and me-"
Later the President called q
meeting of these four persons to be
held at the White Houst at s o'clock
that evening.
During the conference it was
apparent that the President and
Mr.. Churchill were not yet in
agreement that supreme war
council should be set up. Most of
our discussion was devoted to this
subject. We therefore agreed to
adopt the new draft of the joint
declaration, standing alone. leav-1
ing the supreme war council draft
for further discussion.
Following the meeting the Presi-
dent called in Soviet Ambassador
Litvinov and handed him a copy
to be sent Immediately to his gov
ernment for comment.
Two days later Litvinov came to
my office with three amendments
suggested by his government.
The President agreed to the in
corporation of the Soviet amend
ments. thereupon sent him a new
draft which he returned on De-
cember 80 with q handwritten
marginal note:
"CH. OK. 1t Is approved now
by Russia and WSC (ChurchilD,
but not yet by China. FDR. Let's
get it out on January l. That
means speed. FDR."
We transmitted the joint dec
laration Immediately to the govern
ments listed in it. In accordance
with the Presidents request I asked
the interested governments to give
an immediate response, so that the
document could be made public on
January !. called in Chinese Am
bassador DR.. Hu Shih and gave
MIN personally copy for his gov
ernment.
Bathtub Conference
The following day, December 81,
I sent the joint declaration in Its
final form to the President for sig
nature by himself and the Prime
Minister. I suggested that the
President might desire to ask Am
bassador Litvinov and T. v. Soong,
who had just been made Foreign
Minister of China, to attach their
at the White House.
On the morning of December 81,
while Prime Minister Churchill was
having bath in the White House,
the President came to him and
suggested that the joint declaration
carry the title: Declaration by
United Nations" The distinguished
bather agreed, and thus the term
United Nations" came into being.
The President had our final draft
recopied at the White House, so as
to bear the new title.
On the first day of the New Year
Churchill, Litvinov and
Soong signed the historic document.
(copyrisht, 1913, by North American
Newspaper Alliance, 1nc.)
1.-THE merit installment OF Mr..
HulPS memoirs 1pill appear In
Evening star., 1948-02-29

many officers and men averaged
only two or three hours sleep
night; there were days, too, when
general quarters calls-summoning
all hands to battle stations-were
sounded frequently, entailing on
the-double climbing roughly equiv
alent to running up skyscraper.
Further the exercises were not
without risks. Over 1000 postwar
landings have been made on the