davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-07-08
BY the Associofed Press

LONDON, July o.-Great Brit
ain has quit the International
Wheat Agreement, giving a
death blow to the 36-nation pact
intended to bring order into in
ternational wheat marketing.
The British announcement said
the action was taken because the
United States Congress failed to
ratify the agreement.
Under the proposed pact. world
prices would have been fixed for
exports of American, Canadian and
Australian wheat.
BY the ratification deadline of
July /. the announcement said, only
the United Kingdom, Australia,
Canada, Fire, India and New
Zealand had acted.
The United States would have
had to ship at least 185,000,000
bushels of the minimum total ex-
ports of 100000, 900 called for.
Britain, saying the agreement
would be "unWorkable' without
American participation, expressed
readiness to discuss a new agree
ment "at suitable time" but
added, "it is clear that any new
agreement could not come into
force before the beginning of the
1949-50 crop year"
Russia and Argentina, two of the
largest growers and exporters of
Evening star., 1948-07-08

Judge George D. Nelson almost
set a precedent in Municipal Court
today when ne sentenced numbers
operator to a year in jail. but the
sentence was reduced to six months
when the accused's lawyer pointed
out that 1t was not allowed by. law.
Newton Craig, 81, colored. HOO
block of Sixth street NE, was con-
victed of possessing numbers slips
and was sentenced to a year by
Judge Nelson.
Thomas David, attorney for Craig,
pointed out that six months in jail
is the maximum term that Craig
could be given on the charge. Judge
Nelson then amended his first
decision.
1t was pointed out that a fine
can be attached to Jail term and
additional time served if the fine is
not paid. but that six months is the
maximum straight jail sentence that
can be given.
Craig was arrested July / after
Evening star., 1948-07-08
Irish Sweepstakes Tickets
Seized on Liner America
BY the Assoeioied Press

NEW YORK. July 8.-Eighty-two
cartons of Irish Sweepstakes tickets
we're found today aboard the In
coming liner America and were I'M
mediately impounded by customs
officials.
United States Lines officials said
the tickets were found by accident
as the ship approached Ambrose
Lightship. Line dficials said the
tickets had a face value Of many
millions"
The tickets were contained in
books OF II which sell for $2-25 each.
with two tickets going free to the
seller of the book.
There was some confusion as to
how they actually we're found, but
the tickets apparently arrived
aboard at Cobb, Ireland, in a cargo
of food. They were marked STOW
away from boilers"
Capt. John w. Anderson said food
checkers found them as they were
counting stock aboard. He said
he would begin questioning crew
members.
Evening star., 1948-07-08
Reds Lose Two Seats
In Dutch Parliament
BY the Assoeiaisd Press

AMSTERDAM, THE NEITHER
LANDS, July a.-Complete election
returns revealed today that the
Communists have lost strength in
the Netherlands and Rightist groups
have scored gains.
The Communists were deprived Of
two of their 10 seats in the lower
chamber of Parliament as a result
of yesterdays general election. Their
decline was particularly marked in
Rotterdam, where they polled 80 per
cent fewer votes than In the last
election two years ago.
The middle of-the-road Catholic
Peoples Party retained its 80 seats.
The Catholics polled 1881 1876 Of the
4 ,933, ,735 votes cast, maintaining
their position as the nations No. l
political group.
But the Catholic-Labor Party
coalition which makes up the present
government lost some strength to
the Rightist groups-the conserva-
tive Anti-Revolutionary fCalvinist), !,
Christian Historical fProtestantD
and Freedom Conservative. !.
The Labor Party itself lost two of
its 20 seats.
Apparently there was not large
enough shift, however, to make q
marked change in the Netherlands
political picture. A Labor Party
spokesman said he expected that
Catholic Premier Louis j. M. Beel,
who resigned yesterday, would be
asked to form a new government.
Evening star., 1948-07-08
Democratic Convention

Monday for the second time within month pollt-
cal history in Philadelphia when the Demo-
Gratis gather select presidential candidate.
The Evening Star and its associated radio and teVlslon
stations again bring complete story to Washington
readers and audiences
Gould Lincoln, The Stars political analyst, will head
of reporters which will include j. A. OLeary
Don S. Warren and Newbold Noyes, r Columnists David
Lawrence Lowell Meett and Doris Feeson will present their
interpretations This coverage will be supplemented by the
Associated Press staff of so reporters and the service OF
the North American Newspaper Alliance.
Teevision Station WMALTV will present frequent pro-
grams from Convention Hail. Included will be nightly
roundup by Star staff members and other correspondents
covering the convention Elmer Davis will present sum-
mary evening and there will be panel discussion by
Feeson Thomas L. Stokes and Ernest Lndley God
Baukhage and Agronsky will be heard throughout each
day and evening WMAL and WMAL-FM.
Evening star., 1948-07-08
6fiffis Shifted 10 Egypt;
GaIIman Envoy 10 Poland

President Truman today named
Stanton Grifis, who has been Am
bassador to Poland for the past
year, as Ambassador to Egypt.
waldemar j. Gallman, veteran ca
seer diplomat, was appointed to
succeed Mr.. Griffis as Ambassador
to Poland.
Both men received recess appoint
ments. Presumably they will be
nominated for Senate confirmation
when the next Congress convenes.
Mr.. Griffis is comparative new
conner to diplomacy. A New York
investment banker who was credited
with valuable work for the Foreign
Economics Administration during
the war, he was made Ambassador
TO Poland on May IS, lS47.
Evening star., 1948-07-08
Lawyer ExpIoins Law to Nelson,
Wins Cut in Gaming Sentence

detectives had made several num-
bers bets with him using marked
money.
Originally he was charged with
both possession Of the slips and
operating a lottery, but the latter
charge was dropped by the United
States Attorneys Once. Craig
pleaded guilty to the possession
charge.
Mr.. David pleaded that Craig was
"only a small operator" The
judge replied:
THE big time operators thrive on
the small time operators. In order
to nip the big-time operators you've
got to nip the small-time operators.
The big boy never comes out in the
open"
The one-year sentence was i'm
posed after Judge Nelson examined
Craig's record, which showed three
previous convictions on gambling
charges. It was then that Mr.. David
showed Judge Nelson the code and
the sentence was reduced.
Evening star., 1948-07-08
Blockade Forces
New Berlin Cut
In Power, Gas
Unemployment Grows;
Food Rotion Stays,
But Coal Is Reduced
BY the Assoeioted Press

BERLIN, July 8.-The Rus
slams economic strangulation of
Western Berlin today forced
drastic new cuts in the use of
electricity and gas.
Unemployment grew among the
100000 Germans in ghe blockaded
American, British and French sec
tors of the city. The Western Allies
were working out emergency en-
ployment schemes to keep idle in
dustrial workers off the streets. An
unemployment assistance plan Civ
ing workers between so and go per
cent of their normal wages was in
troduced.
CoI Frank L. Howley, the Amerl-
can commandant. announced that
the Western powers had decided to
maintain the present food rations
but to cut coal. He said
ITO meet the emergency, to save
100000 Berliners from starvation
as well as economic and social de-
struction, the United States, British
and French military governments
are engaged in the greatest air lift
in peacetime history. Thousands of
tons of food. fuel and medicine are
being flown from the West to Berlin.
Berlin.
ut is, however, recognized that.
with the limited airflelds available
and the narrow air corridor allotted,
the air lift cannot at present meet
all of the requirements of the peo-
pie of Berlin
Weather Slows Planes.
Unfavorable weather slowed the
Allied airlift this morning. BY 10
am. only 10 American transport
planes had arrived at Tempelhof
Airfeld.
American flyers heard complaints
from two of their comrades of
strange radio interference in the air
corridor to Berlin.
There were unconflrmed reports
that Soviet Marshal VASTLY D. Sok-
olovsky had gone to Moscow for
consultations, presumably regarding
an answer to the Western Allies
protest over the Russian blockade.
Col. Howley, in a statement to the
Berliners, asked the people to bear
Evening star., 1948-07-08
By james Y. Newton

Government action designed
to end the three e-day-old walkout
Of United Mine Workers in the
mines of the steel industry was
expected today.
The Office of Robert N. Denham,
general council of the National
Labor Relations Board, has Just
about completed investigation of
steel industry charges that John l..
Lewis and his UNIV violated the
Taft-Hartley Act. The charge is
that the union is attempting to
force the captive" coal operators to
sign an illegal union shop contract
The Denham Office already has
obtained affidavits from steel repre-
sentatives and awaited only a con-
ference with Welly K. Hopkins, chief
Lewis attorney, before deciding for
mally whether to issue complaint
against the union.
However, it was learned the NLRB
prosecutor most likely will issue the
complaint and follow it up with a
petition in District Court for an in
junction designed to end the mine
Walkout.
Steel Refuses to Sign.
officials were far from certain
that an injunction, which would be
requested of Justice T. Alan Colds
borough, would send the miners
back to work.
The steel industry refused to sign
the new one-year contract with Mr..
Lewis, giving as the reason pro-
vision in the agreement for a union
shop without following procedure
of law which calls for formal
NLRB poll of workers before such
an arrangement is legal.
All other segments of the coal in
dustry, the commercial mine opera
tors, signed the contract. A UNIV
tradition is mo contract, no work
and the miners employed by steel
have been carrying it out since the
industry vacation ended Monday
mlQnlgnL.
Reports from the coal fields show
ed that about $4,000 mine workers
were still off the job, including the
10000 coal diggers at the captive
mines.
Many Back in West Virginia.
A return movement de-
veloped among the commercial min
ers and in West Virginia only 5000
of los 900 men who work for opera
tors selling their coal on the open
market were still out. However, a
considerable number of commercial
mine employees were still off the job
in Western Pennsylvania, where a
strike apparently in sympathy with
the "captives" has been in progress
Evening star., 1948-07-08
100000 More Strike
In Italian Workers
Demand for Pay Raise
Metal Industry Employees
Walk Out for HoIf Day
On Communist Orders
BY the Associoted Press

ROME, July 8.-About 100000
metal industry workers laid down
their tools at noon today to back
Italian labor's demands for
more pay.
Their halliday strike was the
latest in a series planned by the
Communist dominated General Con-
federation of Labor. The strikes
aim to force industry to give skilled
workers wage rises proportionate to
those already won for .unskilled. To-
days walkout came a few hours
after police riot squads hurled tear
gas bombs while coping With labor
unrest in Milan.
Others to Strike Tomorrow.
Tomorrow employees of the glass,
ceramic and saccharine industries
will have their turn to strike. Of
ficials of the confederation, which
claims 100000 members. say the
individual strikes will involve at
least 100000 workers. They an
nounced today that if these strikes
fail to bring results, organized labor
will be called out next week in a
nationwide strike.
The Confederation Executive
Committee said it would meet next
week to examine the eventuality
of a general agitation of a national
character"
The agitation will begin, the CON-
mittee added, if such step is made
necessary by the persistent stub
bornesS of GndustriaD owners. .
The massive confederation has de-
manded wage boosts up to 40 per
cent, an end to layoffs of indus
trial workers and improved pen
sions and working conditions.
Liberty, Autonomy" Urged.
Meanwhile, the Labor Socialist
Party accused the Communist-So-
cialist majority in the contedera-
ton leadership of serving the po-
litical theology of a foreign totali-
tartan government"
The Labor Socialists at meeting
yesterday urged liberty and auton-
omy' for nti-Communist workers.
Since shortly after the April elec-
ton, direction of the confederation
has been divided into two camps.
The majority follows the Communist
line, but the minority supports the
government of Premier Alcide de
Gasperi and is allied with the Chris
Evening star., 1948-07-08

in mind that freedom and democ-
racy always have been purchased
only by struggle and suffering" He
said he believed they would
measure up to the role which his
tory has given you" to prove that
real German democracy is being
born in Western Berlin.
Soviet Claim Cited.
He referred to the claim of the
Soviet administration that "the
economic strangulation of Berlin is
caused by railroad technical diff
culties," and added:
IF this is the case, 1t is hoped that
prompt action by the Soviet military
administrator will restore norma
traffic to Berlin"
Cuts in power in Western Berlin
brought about this situation:
The elevated railway wSl be shut
down completely in the western Sec
tors effective at midnight tomor-
row. to reduce by a third its con-
sumption of coal used to generate
electricity.
Streetcars and the subway will run
only between am. and 6 pm. and
daytime streetcar service will be
shaved. Buses will provide some
transport for workers after 6 pm.
but gasoline is already short.
Electricity for homes will be sup
piled for two hours in the morning
and two hours at night. Certain
small industries will be ordered tt
stop using power. Use of electricity
Evening star., 1948-07-08
Five laps 10 Die for Murder
OF IS American Flyers
By the Assoeioted Press

YOKOHAMA. July 8.-Five Japa-
nese were sentenced today to be
hanged for the murder of IS Ameri-
can airmen prisoners.
Forty-eight of the Americans
burned to death in cell block when
the Tokyo military prison burned in
an air raid in May, 1945. The other
II were cut down with swords by
the guards as they attempted to
escape their burning cells.
The United States 9th Army Mill
tary Commission sentenced to the
gallows Toshio Tashiro, prison
warden; Masao Koshikawa, chief
jailer, and Hatsuaki Kambe, Keiji
Kamimoto and Mataisha Okubo,
guards.
While all the American prisoners
perished in the fire, none of the 500
japanese military and political pris-
oners lost their lives
Evening star., 1948-07-08
As War Freight Probe
Dropped on Orders,
Justice Man Testifies
Told BiddIe Was to Do 1t,
Subcommittee Hears;
Inquiry Recessed
By Robert K. Walsh

A former Justice Department
economist, now with the Post
Office Department, told a House
today he was Or
dered to cease a 1945 investiga-
ton of wartime freight rate ne
gotiations because the Attorney
General at the time, Francis
Biddle, was to handle it per-
sonaHy."
Frank J. Barton, now director of
the Railway Mail Pay Adjustment
Division of the Post Office Depart
ment, testified that the order came
from James E. Kilday, chief of
transportation in the Justice De-
partments Antitrust Division.
An investigation by the FBI into
possible criminal law violations by
Government officers who negoti-
ated with railroads on rate matters
during the war also was discon-
tinued, so far as he knew, Mr.. Bar
ton added.
Central Bureau Considered.
Mr.. Barton was one of several
Government officials who testified
today at hearings before a House
Subcommittee investi-
eating charges that railroads
"gouged" the Government on war
time freight rates. The group also
is studying the advisability of estab-
fishing central traffic bureau to
handle all such matters for Govern
ment agencies.
Mr.. Kilday testified at the start
of the hearings yesterday that he
had asked for an FBI investigation
of certain Army and Navy officers
who worked out wartime freight
rates with the railroads. The mat
ter was dropped, he said.
After today's session, at which
most of the witnesses indorsed the
idea of a central traffic bureau be-
cause of great reluctance" of sep
arate agencies to fight against high
rates, Subcommittee Chairman
Bender recessed the hearings until
after the Democratic National Con-
vention in Philadelphia next week.
Meyers May Be Called.
He had indicated earlier that at
least four former Army officers who
were assigned to wartime freight
rate negotiations will be summoned
as witnesses and that Bennett E.
Meyers, retired Army Air Force
major general now serving prison
term, also may be summoned.
Mr.. Barton testified that his in
vestigation was ordered by former
Attorney General Biddle and dealt
with rate negotiation procedures,
whereas the FBI inquiry covered
possible law violations.
F. c. Rosenberger, subcommittee
counsel, asked him if the Justice
Department has any documentary
evidence that casts doubt on the
integrity and honesty of any Gov
ernment official who dealt with
railroads in negotiating rates"
Answers Query on FBI.
When Mr.. Barton replied that he
had no first-hand knowledge of any
such evidence, Mr.. Rosenberger
asked: so far as you know, has
the FBI done anything in that
matter?"
II don't think So" Mr. Barton re-
sponded. but, of course, the FB1
hasn't taken me into its confidence.
Earlier, Mr.. Barton took issue with
a statement which Mr.. Bender at
tributed to William T. Farley, pres
ident of the Association of American
See FREIGHT, Page A-4l
Evening star., 1948-07-08
Temperature Reaches 79;
Warmer Week End Forecast

Summer continued Its brief holi-
day from hot and sticky tempera-
lures, with the thermometer reach
ing 70 at l pm. But the Weather
Bureau looked for increasing heat
for the week end.
Today's high was expected to be
in the low 80s.
The mercury climbed no higher
than "A yesterday, 20 degrees under
the maximum for Tuesday. A fa-
vorable north breeze that fingered
after Tuesday nights storm ac-
counted principally for the drop.
No rain is in prospect for today and
tomorrow. the Weather Bureau said.
Temperatures were in the middle
Cos this morning, as compared with
high 70s last Monday and Tuesday
mornings.
Evening star., 1948-07-08
Same Man Killed Girls
Here and in Baltimore,
Maj. Barrett'Be|ieyes
Similarity in stobbings
Cited; Police Spur Hunt
After Shooting at Suspect

Mai. Robert J. Barrett, super
intendent of police, said today
he is convinced" that the man
who stabbed a Baltimore girl
to death Tuesday is the man re-
sponsible for the murder of
Carol Bardwell here II days ago.
He based his statement on re-
markably similar circumstances OF
the crimes. Both victims were IL
year-old girls. Both were slain with
a knife. Both we're attacked in
lonely areas as they rode bicycles.
The Bardwell case investigation
was stepped up this morning as
police had report on suspicious"
colored man in the Rock Greek Park
area near Linnean avenue and
Broad Branch road.
Suspect Fired on Twice.
A police radio lookout, which sent
scout cars and motorcycle men to
the scene. gave description answer
ing generally to that of man twice
fired on last night and early today
by police near Rock Creek Park.
The man was described as
dark skinned white man or
Filipino, black hair, Is to IS years
old, 5 feet, 8 and inches tall. He
wore a white shirt, brown or khaki
pants" He may have been wound
ed, police said.
Carol, 11-year- old schoolgirl, was
slain Sunday afternoon, June 27,
as she rode her bicycle through
Rock Greek Park. Her throat had
been slashed and later examination
showed she had been raped.
The Baltimore girl, Marsha Brill,
was stabbed to death while bicycling
with playmates near the Pimlico race
| track.
| Police threw a fast Gordon around
section of Rock Greek park OH
Piney Branch parkway near Six
teenth street about 10 o'clock last
night after Special Investigator
Karl T. Home fired twice at man
who ran when warned to halt.
The fugitive also was wanted foi
questioning in the attempted assault
/
Evening star., 1948-07-08
McGrath Will Confer
With Party Leaders
Baking at Truman
To See james Roosevelt
And Others in Effort to
Clear Way for President
BY the Associated Press

PHILADELPHIA, July g.
Democratic Chairman J. How
ard McGrath today scheduled
meetings with baking party
leaders in an effort to clear away
their objection to President
Truman as the party's nominee.
Senator McGrath told news con-
ference he will meet with James
Roosevelt, California Democratic
chairman, as soon as the son of the
late President arrives in Philadel-
phia.
Mr.. Roosevelt has been one Of
those seeking to sidetrack Mr., Tru-
man in favor of some other presi-
dental candidate. preferably Gen,
Eisenhower.
Truman aides we're counting Gen
Eisenhower definitely and finally out
of the presidential race after re-
ceiving private assurances from two
close friends of the general that he
feels he has left no possible loophole
for draft movement.
Wont Attend Caucus.
Although he plans individual talks
with the anti-Truman leaders, Sen
ator McGrath said he would not
attend a caucus of the group called
here for Saturday night by Mr..
Roosevelt and others.
In response to a question Sena-
tor McGrath said Gov. william P.
Lane of Maryland is no more and
no less acceptable to him as a sec
ond-place runner than several
others who have been mentioned.
Senator McGrath put the def
mite and final" label on the Gen
Eisenhower's draft remuneration yes
terdav, adding:
II couldn't conceive that the
Democratic convention would exer-
else such poor Judgment as not to
take Gen. Eisenhower at his word.
Crowd Cheers Eisenhower.
The wartime European command
er gave some public support to this
view when he told a crowd of 5000
gathered before his New York City
home last night to chant 1--WE want
Ike" that "All I have to say I said
in a letter the other night"
This was the statement in which
the Columbia University president
declared he could not accept nomi-
nation for any public Office
James Roosevelt, travelling towarc
philadelphia with the big California
delegation, said at Salt Lake City
he thinks Gen. Eisenhower still
would accept the nomination if the
convention opening Monday demon.
strates that the party is unitedly
behind the general.
Il can't help but think that when
Gen. Eisenhower, understanding the
national and international crises
knows that the party and the Ma
ton are for him, he will allow the
convention to place him in the
White House" the son Of the late
President said.
Mr.. Truman's aides said some
suggestions had been made that MIR
Roosevelt be named as the vice
presidential candidate in a compro-
mise move. They added they hac
rejected this proposal.
Out of the deep South, with Its
rebellion against Mr.. Truman's civil
rights program, came word from
1See DEMOCRATS Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1948-07-08
U. 5. Prepares TO Act
Today 10 End Strike
In Captive Mines
Denhum Near Decision
On Whether to Issue
CompIoint Against Union
BULLETIN
BULLETIN

The Government announced
today it, will seek Immediately
a District Court injunction de-
signed to halt the three day
old walkout at soft coal mines
of the steel industry. NLRB
General Counsel Robert N.
Denham issued a complaint
against John L. Lewis and the
United Mine Workers accus-
ing them of refusal to bargain
In good faith in violation of
the Taft-Hartley Act.
Evening star., 1948-07-08
Blockade Reported
Limiting Surgery
| In Britdin's Zone
By the Associoted Press

BERLIN, July g. German
newspapers said today the
British have told hospitals in
their sector of Berlin to per-
form only operations that are
absolutely necessary. The ether
supply is limited because of the
Russian blockade.
Ether is difficult to transport
by air. 1t requires especially
built containers that are eX-
plosion proof.
The Russians have blocked
the supply of ether from their
zone to the Western areas of
Berlin.
Evening star., 1948-07-08

ATKITA, Japan, July 8 Do
Eight persons were killed and four
injured today when bus carrying
40 persons skidded on the highway
and tumbled into a lotus pond.