davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-04-12
Red Forces in Reich
Reported Reinforced
With Secret Police
New Troops Also Sent,
Germans Soy, With Many
MonqoIions in Leipzig

WESTERN BLOC pushes German
unification, Page Az
BY the Associated Press
BERLIN, April 12-Allied in
telligence reports said today the
Russians have been increasing
their strength in Germany,
mostly with secret police units.
An informed United States source
said these increases had been "by
no means en- masse but they have
been noticeable"
1t was believed the police (MVD9
increases were in connection with
Russian tightening of their occu-
patton zones borders with the west
ern zones.
The control measures also have
been linked with new travel and
freight restrictions imposed by the
Russians on the Western Allies in
Berlin.
Estimate Refused.
American sources would venture
no estimate of Soviet strength in
Germany. They said, however, there
had been increases recently in Rus
sian civilian personnel here.
German reports have claimed
that some new troop units have
appeared in the Soviet zone. The
Socialist press said considerable
numbers of Mongolian troops had
been brought into Leipzig.
A Russian-controlled newspaper
in Berlin recently confirmed reports
that the Russians were taking back
to the USSR many of the women
and children of families who have
been living in Germany. This re-
patriation was attributed to econ
omy reasons.
Asked to Close Aid Stations.
Russian authorities requested yes
terday that the British and Ameri-
cans close their automobile aid sta
tions on the Berlin HelmStadt high
way. American officials said their
station would be closed in two
weeks. The British said they would
draw up reply.
Both aid stations are on the 1875
mile stretch of roadway between
Berlin and Helmstadt in the British
zone. 1t is the only road connec-
ton of the Western powers with
Berlin.
Informed United States sources
expressed skepticism about report
published in Copenhagen that Ger
man Field Marshal Friedrich Won
Paulus, who surrendered to the Rus
slams at Stalingrad. and then headed
Moscow's Free Germany COMMITTEES
during the war. had returned to
Germany with 10000 German troops.
The Danish report claimed Won
Paulus' forces were at Jueteborg, 40
miles southwest of Berlin in the
Russian zone
Evening star., 1948-04-12

the outset:
The United States delegation,
headed by Secretary Marshall,
who remains in Bogota, has not
made up its mind in any way.
An authorized spokesman for the
United States delegation emphasized
this shortly before this correspond
ent left for the Bogota airport last
night to fly to Balboa. The plane,
first of two United States Army
transport craft, landed at Albrook
Field at 8:07 pm. with the first
American, Mexican and Panamanian
evacuees.
Before going into details of the
story from Bogota, it must be stated
for the record that all press copy
after a call by the New York Herald
Tribune fortuituously got through
from New York at 4 pm. Friday
Evening star., 1948-04-12
|0ne-Hour Red Strike
In Italy Is Reported
.AsPartiaI Failure
Communist Rally Bombed,
Z Killed and n Hurt,
Rome Newspaper Says
BY the Associated Press

ROME, April IA Nation
wide, Communist-called, one
hour general strike went off as
ordered in Italy this morning.
First reports, however, indicated
the work stoppage fell far short
of achieving the general paralysis
predicted by its instigators, the
Communicated General Confedera-
ton of Labor (CGIL). The strike
was called to protest the slayings
of IS Sicilian labor leaders over the
last two years.
! The pro- Communist newspaper
II Paese, reported, meantime, that
new prediction violence has beer
instigated by the Fascist terror
! in the south.
Two Reported Killed.
Dispatches to the paper said two
persons were killed and % injured
when a bomb was tossed into the
midst of a Communist dominated
Popular Front rally at Lizzanelle
near Lecce yesterday.
Giuseppe Calasso. front candidate
for the Chamber of Deputies in Sun.
days national elections, was re.
ported injured.
Only the stoppage of srteet car.
and buses indicated to Rome resi-
dents that the general strike was on
The CGIL had announced that tht
city's telephone service would bt
suspended, but the phones KEEP
working.
Many Stores Remain Open.
Many stores remained open, tn.
employees apparently ignoring tht
strike call. Government Offices
said they were working normally
Factories, however, were idle.
The South Italy bombing. If true
would emphasize the growing hos
tility to the Communists demon.
strated throughout Italy in the
closing week of the election cam.
paign.
1t was at Lecce earlier this
month that Communist Leader Pal.
miro Togliatti was jeered for tht
first time in the campaign.
Observers said the new violence
might give the Communists tht
pretext to revert to their origina
plan of series of daily prediction
strikes growing progressively longer
Luciano Lama, of the CGIL secre.
tariat, said, however, that this plar
had been abandoned because of thu
coming elections.
And although this mornings II
o'clock strike had little visible effect
except that the cafes were crowded
with those who took the stoppag'
as rest period, Lama said he wa
satisfied.
He said everything went off a
expected and that the strike wa
effective" He said reports arriv
ing from other cities indicated tina
order prevailed everywhere.
Premier Would Use Force.
Premier Alcide de Gasperi lashet
out last night at the Popular Front
He warned there will be no coul
d'etat after the elections.
He said that If necessary, "I vii
hold the power by force"
Palmiro Togliatti, leader of tn
Italian Communist Party, accuses
the United States of trying to dral
Italy into war with Russia. H
charged Mr.. de Gasperi and hi
, supporters with being willing serv
ants of the Americans in such
, move.
Club-swinging police broke up.
!, prediction rally of several thou
sand Monarchists in Rome's centra
Via del Corso last night. The Mon
Iarchists carried the forbidden EN-
lblem Of the House Of Savoy.
Evening star., 1948-04-12
Colombia Breaks OffWith Soviet,
Arrests Is as. Foreign P|otters;
ParIey May Resume in Bogota
U. S. Planes Take
86 to CunuI Zone;
Marshall Stays
By Joseph F. MeEvoy
A.soeiatsd Press Foreign Correspondent

BOGOTA, Colombia, April 12.-
The government announced to-
day that Colombia has broken
relations with Soviet Russia in
the wake of revolutionary riots
which killed 800 persons, smashed
at least 1000 stores, set ablaze
40 major buildings and ruined
many of the city's proudest
churches.
Two Russians described as Com
munists are under arrest, govern
ment broadcast declared, along with
13 other foreign agents seized here
and in Cali. They are accused of
conniving in settling off the fury
which in three days devastated
much of this capital and forced a
revision in the government.
Women with baskets dared
snipers bullets to go marketing
today in this food short city. Hos
pitfalls sent out appeals for serum
and penicillin.
The situation is still critical.
part of this dispatch was re-
ceived by telephone and part of it
by wireless from Bogota. There
was no clear-cut indication,
however, that censorship had
been withdrawn by the Colom-
bian government)
Food Situation Serious.
The problem of getting food and
other supplies is serious The main
bulk of food supplies must be
brough in from outside this capital
city, and transportation facilities
are in a snarl. Some food and milk
are coming IN, but supplies now are
very limited.
The situation has improved slight
ly, however, from the virtual an
archy which prevailed for a time.
Army troops are on patrol, with
orders to shoot looters on sight.
Rescue squads are picking up
corpses amid heaps of rubble up
to 10 feet high. Often there is a
stencil of human flesh in the air
AS a result of the fighting, loot
Ing and burning, the heart OF
Bogota was reduced to smoking
ruin. Hardly public building
escaped damage, and stores every
where were sacked by mobsters
welding knives and machetes.
Trolley Cars Wrecked.
Today I was able to walk from
the United States Embassy, where
I had been since Friday night, to
the Hotel Granada. There are no
taxicabs or buses. Every trolley car
in sight is a wreck. This hotel has
no lights.
But 1 have just eaten my first
solid meal since Friday.
No reports have been received OF
injury to United States citizens.
Secretary of State Marshall and his
staff. here for the disrupted con-
ference of the Western Hemisphere
nations, are safe. They are in the
residential district known as Ell No
gal. The Colombian government
wants the conference delegates to
remain in session, to show that
communism cannot triumph over
the Americas" as a government
statement expressed it.
Conference Records Scattered.
The delegates want assurances
that they can stay in session if they
reconvene here. That may be diff
ficult to guarantee. The conference
hall was wrecked and the records of
the sessions were torn, burned or
scattered.
(High Washington officials
said the conference would be re-
nCno R0GnTA pane A-4l
Evening star., 1948-04-12
President Nominates
HerscheI, Johnson as
Ambassador 10 Brazil
Veteran Career Diplomat
Is Austin's Chief Aide at
U. N. Security Council

Herschel v. Johnson. veteran
career diplomat now serving as
deputy American representative
to the United Nations Security
Council, today was nominated by
President Truman to be Ambas-
Sador to Brazil.
Mr.. johnson will succeed William
D. Pawley, who recently resigned
because of ill health. Mr.. Pawley
now is in Bogota, Colombia, as a
Evening star., 1948-04-12
Late News
Bulletins
Jews Still Hold Kostei

JERUSALEM F). - Kastel,
the hilltop village which COM
mands part of the vital Jeru-
salem-Tel Aviv highway, Is In
Jewish hands. This was con-
firmed today by a party Of
press photographers, including
Tom Fitzsimmons of the Asso-
ciated Press, escorted to the
village by Hagana fighters.
Earlier Story on Page A-5.)
Italy to Get Gold Back
approximately $31, ,000, 900 Of
gold looted from Italy by the
Nazis during the war will be
returned to Italy under an
Allied decision announced by
the State Department today.
The department said that .
three power gold commission
which is working at Brussels
to settle claims to Nazi-l0oted
gold has decided to allow the
Italian claim almost In full"
Evening star., 1948-04-12
RevoIt's Key Question Is Extent
OF Communist Participation
Witness Presents CircumstontioI Evidence;
U.S.. Delegation Reserves Judgment
Rv
By Milton Brocker
OF the New York Times for the Combined Ameon Pres
nistri ed hv the Assn later press


BALBOA Canal April 1Since the question of the
Bogota rvo-and that may affect the entire foreign policy
Western Hemisphere for years the extent to which the
continued the brutal of burning
ooting following should made emphacaly clear
Evening star., 1948-04-12

WESTERN BLOC pushes German
unification. Page Az
Evening star., 1948-04-12
w e eather Forecast

Cloudy, windy and mild today. Cloudy,
colder with showers late tonight and tomor-
row. Low tonight about 48.- Full report on
Page A-2)
Evening star., 1948-04-12

(See COAL, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1948-04-12

(See BOGOTA, Page A-4)
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15
Southern Biscuits

EVER WONDER what makes
southern biscuits different from
their northern relatives? A true
southern biscuit is made from soft
wheat flour, and usually it is made
with sour milk. If soft wheat flour
is not available, use cake flour to
give the same texture. To make,
sift together 2 cups soft wheat flour
or cake flour, u teaspoon soda and
81 teaspoon salt. Cut or rub in 2 to
4 tablespoons shortening. Add 2I3
to "a cup sour milk to make a soft
dough. Stir just enough to make the
dough hold together. Turn out on a
Toured board and knead lightly
about ~ minute. Roll out "a inch
thick. Cut with a small biscuit cut
ter. Prick tops with a fork and bake
on ungreased baking sheet in a hot
oven CATS degrees F. 10 to IL
minutes. This makes Is biscuits 2
inches in diameter.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15

spoon chopped onion, " teaspoon
salt, 2 tablespoons mayonnaise. Cut
eggs lengthwise and remove yolks.
Stuff whites with mixture of spin
ach, onions, salt and mayonnaise.
Rub egg yolks through a sieve and
sprinkle over the tops of filled eggs.
Serve on lettuce. Yield: 6 servings,
l egg each.
Herb dressing: 6 leaves of rose
mary, rs teaspoon thyme, rs tea
spoon m~arjoram, salt, " Glove gar
lie, u cup salad oil, IA cup vinegar.
Crush herbs and add to remaining
ingredients in jar or bowl. Shake
vigorously or beat and let stand 2
hours before serving. Shake again
before using. Approximate yield: "a
cup dressing.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15

bonnets. Easy to make is this one pic
tured above. Directions may be had
by sending S cents to Amy Martin.
Rural Home Department. Montana
Farmer-Stockman. Great Falls. Mon
lana.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15
Recipes Wanted

DO YOU HAVE a recipe for
nodded tomato salad made of canned
tomatoes (some call it tomato aspic),
also potatoes au gratin? Several
years ago a wonderful recipe was
printed on your page for applesauce
cake by Mary Louis Hinton. I have
misplaced it. All I can remember is
that it called for one box of brown
sugar. Also what would you sug-
gest to serve with chicken salad
and hot rolls for a luncheon at noon.
l am from Montana, so still call it
home.-Mrs. J. T. Nice, West Vir-
ginia.
Will some of the readers Of Mon
tana Farmer-Stockman please send
the best recipe for canned tomato
juice and tomato catsup?-Mrs. R.
E. M, Missoula county.
Evening star., 1948-04-04

/ S eri,. e.s'.;nsl .aan 1fs full Of flavor, ~.
ou.l.l sD ns.s,'fyinx and delicious, r,!.s iss
slo.;s Iasser Puffed whe.tl last. .,.1 mats IT
g s,o,'ous morseIs. actually ' .ba, t. .nsss big
=. 20 make 'em crisp and t.,d. o' nom guns
vor Of eho;,. SAVIOR that rich nut-like A.
plod.d - tao,ee ~ . premium wheat grain. -. =.
ful f.u;,,, 10 times normal size. a s wonast 81
'' 'amly breakfast with mill ~" "0noef-
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-30

Jr. McDaniel's statement reads,
Our A-Ray and Laboratory De-
partments are too small. Our out
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-30
Credit Association
Holds Annual Meet
Co.. lFom nrst 30

Mr.. L. D. Caulk, President of the
Association, gave the directors and
executive committee report.
Mr.. T. M. Thomas, Vice-President
Of the Production Credit COopera-
ton, commended the Delaware Pro-
duction Credit Association for the
success it has achieved and ex-
planned its advantages to the farm
ers and the workings of the Pro-
duction Credit system.
DR.. L. A. Stearns, Extension En-
tomologist at the University of Del
aware, spoke on the use Of insecti-
cides and how they have helped
the Delaware farmer. Among other
things, he stated that the success
of agriculture will depend upon
knowledge Of different chemicals.
Lieut.-GOv. Ebert N. CarVel, of
Laurel, who owns and operates sew
eral farms, spoke on the farming
situation. Mr. N. w. Taylor, Secre-
tary Delaware National Farm Loan
Assn, explained the advantages the
National Farm Loan Assn. offers
the farmers.
Among the guests were Fred
Haas, President Kent County Farm
Bureau; William Henderson,
County Agent for Sussex County;
DR.. R. 0. Bausman, University of
Delaware; George Worrilow, Direc-
tor Of Extension; and William E..
Iarbell' Kent County Agent.
Five cash prizes were awarded to
stockholders who were present. A
turkey dinner was served by the
ladies of the Peoples Church Of
Dover.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-30
Teachers Are Now
More Plentiful
CONTINUED from hrst pager

Temporary emergency certifi-
Gates have been issued in the past
to those teachers whose prepara-
ton is not sufficient to entitle them
to a regular teaching certificate or
whose certificates have been allow
ed to lapse during the years in
which they did not teach.
Unless unforeseen events occur
the peak of the number of temper
airy emergency certificates in force
was evidenced during the 1856
term. Since then there has been a
decline Of approximately 4 per cent
in the combined emergency certifi-
Gates.
Teachers who are not fully quail
fed to meet the certifcation re-
quirements are being replaced as
rapidly as the supply of qualified
teachers allows. While the issuance
OF temporary emergency certificates
Is discouraged, the realistic need
OIL having personnel to man our
schoolrooms must be kept in mind
1t is hoped that within the near fu-
ture this practice may be discon-
tinued altogether.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-30

American University. She has all
too rare ability to get across her
knowledge and enthusiasm to her
pupils. Her classes at Maryland
have been increasing in enrolment
year after year as her fame has
spread. No teacher Of the faculty
has caused more favorable comment
and discussion among the Summer
students than she has. Her subject
will be "A Good Elementary
School,"
The officers of the Association ex-
tend a cordial invitation to the
members Of the State Department
and to the public at large.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-30

patient department is inadequate
and the kitchens are worn out.
There is not near enough room for
storage. There is only one operating
room for three or four surgeons
and, of course, we do not have en-
ough rooms and beds to accomO-
date all patients and many times
patients are sent to Milford and
Wilmington as a necessity. The ac-
comodations for colOred people are
poor. These are only a few of the
reasons for the charging of the
present building.
"As member of the building
committee Of the Staff, / have at
tended many meetings during the
past year in consultation with the
building committee Of the Board of
Trustees and the Architect, Messi-
ma & dupont Of Wilmington. We
have gone into every detail and
have made every effort to cut the
plans to a minimum.
THE present plans roughly will
add about forty more beds, three
operating rooms, larger Out-patient
department, more adequate X-Ray
and Laboratory Departments, such
larger and more comfortable and
more pleasant quarters for the CO.
lored people and improvements
over many details too numerous to
mention here.
THE new building and remodel
ing Of the old will cost approxima-
tely S5O0,O00 and at the present
time we have about $3.50, 900 from
the last drive which necessitates a
campaign for 100000.
"As / mentioned before. il will he
difficult task at this time to col
lect this much money, but / believe
It can be done if every individual
of this city and community will
take special interest and do his
share. All of the various civic or
CARNATIONS are showing exceptional
interest.
1 think every person should give
this matter serious consideration
Immediately for no one is immune
from seeking the facilities of this
hospital at any minute and we phv-
sicians cannot give you the proper
care and attention unless we have
room and proper facilities"
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-30
Organization Set-up
For Kent Hospital
80 - - 30

tcontinued from nrsE pago1
Woodford, William J. Storey, Fran
els e Thomas, and Leon Tarbur-
ton followed by the General SOli-
citation Committee. Chairman Of
the committee is George EhingeT,
ably assisted by p. Paul Burkhold-
er for Kent County and Mrs. Cor
don Willis for Dover.
Then followed the several de-
partment heads CO-Chairmen Of
Industry and Business, which in
cludes payroll allotment, are j..
Wallace WoodfOrd and Karl D.
Dorsback. Special Gifts, Co
Chairmen ]. Allen Frear and Viii
liam ]. Storey. Memorials, William
X. Patton who will present to those
in Kent County an opportunity to
create a living memorial, that the
name Of our loved ones can ever
be present in aiding those in need
Of disqualification. Rural Solicita-
ton, Co-Chairmen Leon Tarburton
and Francis =. Thomas.
The announcement came as we
went to press that the campaign
slogan winner wrote Share Your
Wealth For Better Health and the
woman who won the prize was Mrs.
Marjorie M. Bishop, S. South Gov
errors Avenue, Dover. Delaware.
DR.. Joseph S. Mcdaniel, Presl-
dent and Secretary Of the Board Of
Examiners Of the State Of Delaware,
presented the hospital needs direct
" before the people Of the County
in his statement relayed by the
Kent General Hospital Drive Com
mittee today DR.. Mcdaniel said
that the present building facilities
are already inadequate. That the
enlarged hospital is not only a ne
cessity, but a great and dire emer-
gency.
DR.. Mcdaniel added that the
whole hospital physical assets have
been out-gfown many times. The
tremendous growth of the hospital
is Indicated as follows:
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-30
WILDWOOD HALL

There will be a hooked rub pro-
Ject school held in Wildwood Hall
on Monday afternoon at one o.
clock. Anyone interested is well
coined.
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-30
Kent County Teachers
Will Meet Feb. S
CcOntinued from nrst pagsl

speak on World Problems in Edu-
cation"
Mrs. Webb, who will speak to the
Elementary teachers, is one of the
regional Supervisors for the City of
Washington. She is a member of
the University Of Md. summer
school faculty. Mrs. Webb is one of
the leaders in Elementary Educa-
llon. She has come up through the
ranks and has her Doctorate from
Milford chronicle., 1948-01-30

Coffee houses in 18th century En-
gland sometimes advertised them
selves with signs made of ceramic
tiles.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-12-22

Human and Civil Rights"-will be
stressed in various state, local and
national programs. A hlghlight
feature Of the month will be a
benefit concert at Carnegie Hall
early in February presenting Miss
Carol Brice, nationally known con-
cert singer.
The National Council was
founded December 5. 1895. It is
bipartisan organization COM
prised of % national women's or
CARNATIONS with a combined mem
bership of $4,000. The Councils
program is national, international
and interracial in its scope. It is
carried on through SO MertopoIi-
tan Councils located in the prin-
ciple cities of the nation. Mem
bership is available to any wom-
an who believes in and supports
the purpose OF the organization.
Membership fees range from 50
for general memberships to 800
for life memberships.
National affiliates of the Coun-
Gil and their representatives pres
ent at the two-day conference In
clude: Marion B. Seymour, Ma
tional Association of Co1ored
Graduate Nurses; Eunice M.
Matthews, Women's Auxiliary to
the National Medical Association;
Edna Forest Browne, Sigma
Gamma Rho Sorority; Edna Over
Gray, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sor-
GRITTY; Vivian Alleyene, National
Dental Auxiliary; Dorothy Height,
Delta Sigma Theta Sorority; Mar
ion Elliot, Iota Phi Lambda sor-
GRITTY; Olivia Henry, National
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-12-22
DOmestics, Farmers May
Get Social Security

WASHINGTON, = fANP) -
Domestic employees and farmers
viii probably receive the benefits
Of social security protection, If
congress passes legislation re-
commended by Federal Admins
traitor Oscar R. Ewing. In his
recommendations to President
Truman, this week. the F. S. ad-
ministrator urged the passage of
legislation to broaden the social
security system to the extent that
II viii cover members of the arm
ed forces as well as 20-million
additional civilian workers.
Ewing requested sufficient funds
to include social security protec-
ton for self-employed persons.
whether they be doctors. dentists
or scissor-grinders". He also ask
ed that social security be ex-
tended not only to domestic
workers and farm hands, but also
to sales agents and others not
now covered.
1t was stated that plans are
definitely under consideration"
to include, soldiers. sailors and
airmen in the civilian old-age PEN
sion system. Ewing said that PEN
sion payments and survivors ben
efits should be increased at least
by so per cent.
The administrator is quoted as
calling the 1890 average old-age
pension now being paid for a
couple per month as SLOW starva-
ton"
Proposals are under considera-
ton, according to FSA spokesman,
to increase direct aid for needy
aged, and blind. The administra-
ton is also asking for the passage
Of federal aid to education bill
at first-year cost of 100000, 900,
the launching of a federal health
insurance system, and program
of scholarships to increase the
supply of doctors. dentists, nurses
and technicians.