davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-07-18
4 U.S.S.R. AND
4 DOMINATED AREA
WHERE REDS BELONG
10 THE coMlNFoRM
By Robert N. Cool

bana closely resembles the Benelux customs union
and the Western European union which are part
and parcel of the Marshall Plan program.
About the same time Finland voted against Com
munist candidates in free election. Though, by
geographic necessity, Finland is within the Soviet
dominated region of Eastern Europe she is not
represented in the Cominform. Nevertheless, OBJ
servers saw new trend in the balloting.
The struggle between the Marshall Plan and the
Cominforrh swung into high gear this month.
The President signed the $5,000,0 900 appro-
priation for the first years outlay of the European
program. It's machinery already had been set In
motion in IA countries.
AS originally projected the plan was not limited
to any part of Europe but the eastern countries
in the Russian sphere abstained from joining last
August .,
Now, among the terms insisted upon is one
that participating countries may not ship war sup
plies to the Soviet sphere.
However, east-west trade is not forbidden. The
United States imports essential chrome ore from
Russia. Britain, France and other European coun-
tries are importing food and timber from the Soviet
Union and its satellites
Whether this traffic will increase as the ERP pro-
gram develops may prove an important question for
real European recovery, experts say But in the
field OF military supplies and politics there is war
between the United States aid program and the
Soviet Comnform its self-appointed foe
The first round at least, seems to be going to ERP
distributed by the Associated Pres)
Evening star., 1948-07-18

would have to withdraw several
thousand miles from the Reich
the Russians would move their
troops to the Polish border, which
Is only 50 miles from Berlin.
The British and French pointed
out to us, and justly, that whatever
democratic government was estab-
lished in a unified Germany-which
incidentally, would put Russia's fin
ger in the rich Ruhr pie-would be
transformed into a Soviet puppet
as soon as the western Allied forces
were withdrawn.
No real German government can
remaih in power so long as Russia
by manipulating her Communist
minority. can change the situation
within a short time after the west
ern Allies have left the Reich.
The installation Of q Russian
created German government
which would be advertised by
Soviet propagandists as representa-
tive Of the true feelings Of the Ger
man people-involves very serious
security risks for the western world
Paul Reynaud. Premier at the
time OF Frances collapse in 1910
spoke bluntly in the French Ma
tional Assembly when he warned
his fellow citizens that Germany
as she is today represents no threat
to the peace-loving world. But q
Germany under the control Of the
Soviets will become a mortal threat
not to France alone but to the
whole western civilization"
The tight game now being played
in Berlin creates deep concern ir
all western capitals. 1t involves the
(See STALEMATE, Page C-5.
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Mines Still Menace World Shipping
More Than 200 Vessels
Sunk or Damaged
Since W. Day
1t lIRLI
By Jack MocBetF

NEW YORK-Despite the mine
sweeping efforts Of the navies Of
many countries since the end OF
World War II, the worlds seaways
are still not free from the danger of
mines.
More than 200 ships have been
sunk or damaged by mines since the
wars end.
The United States Navy reports
that few known areas in Europe and
the Far East still remain to be swept
or reswept. 1t is estimated that
these operations will take at least
another year.
Naval authorities say no guarantee
can be given that even after all the
sweepers have been called home, a
mine will not pop up occasionally
during the next 20 years. A World
War / mine was discovered last
July of Cape May, N. j.
Mine Toll Great
The worst mine disaster since
World War II was the recent sinking
of the Danish steamer Koebenhaven.
The small coastal excursion vessel
blew up in the Kattegat with a re-
ported loss of 200 lives.
Figures released by a New York
war risk insurance authority show
that 251 ships of all nationalities
have struck mines since We day In
the Atlantic and Mediterranean, and
since WI day in the Pacific. OF this
total, 116 were either sunk or de-
clared total loss.
The British Admiralty reports 172
ships sunk since the war through
war created hazards" However, the
Admiralty figures include losses OF
warships and fishing vessels, which
are not recorded by the New York
insurance Office.
Although the danger from mines
has not yet been eliminated, it has
been reduced immeasurably by a
two-pronged international effort.
First, all navies with minesweeping
facilities launched co-ordinated
program of mine clearance. This
began with the establishment and
maintenance Of swept channels to
permit resumption of essential trafiic.
Later, known minefields were swept.
The second phase Of the program
was the setting up Of a system to
enable shipmasters to pass safely
(See MINES. Pare C.5.)
Evening star., 1948-07-18

States rights slogan and turned to
human rights" Here is the issue
stated badly. It is an issue on which
the South. always determined on
States rights, must make up its
mind. As the roll call proceeded on
the minority's amendment to the
civil rights plank. adding the Tru-
man program, the big industrial
states OF the North and West swung
into line for the amendment. The
middle -grounders and administra-
ton supporters who had fought so
hard for the committee plank,
could not stem the tide, even
though they had the aid of the
Southern delegation. The vote was
65l1a to 5821a for the radical Tru-
man program.
So the convention thrust the civil
rights program and all its impli-
cations right down the throats of
the Southerners. A few short hours
later, President Truman himself ap-
peared before the convention and
exulted in the victory which his pro-
gram had won at the hands of the
delegates. Mississippi's entire dele
cation and Is out of Alabama's
26 delegates had previously walked
out of the Convention Hall in
protest against the civil rights plank
and President Truman's nomination.
The other Southern delegates re-
manned in the convention. They
remained to cast 1853 votes against
President Truman's nomination,
and in favor of Senator Richard B.
Russell of Georgia.
Southern Democrats who failed to
walk out of the convention and
(See LINCOLN, Page C-2)
Evening star., 1948-07-18

(See HORNER, PAHe C-2.J
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Aging Workers
Pose Problem
Census of 1880 Expects
90 Million Over
IS Years Old
BY Robert 6. Geiaer

What are we going to do with
60, ,000, 900 people over As years old?
That's the number the Census
Bureau says this Nation is expected
| to have by 1880, partly because
people are living longer lives.
tt is about double the number in
1910. And it just about equals the
total of all people, Of all ages, now
employed in the United States.
Evan Clague, commissioner Of
the Bureau of Labor Statistics, says
this may become Americas No. /
public problem.
No Jobs by 1880
DR.. Theodore G. Klumpp of New
York, student of the problems Of
old age, says If things are allowed
to take their own course. 30,000,0 900
people, mostly oldsters, may have
no jobs by 1880.
Idleness, he believes, hastens
death. Besides, most people want
to work as long as they are able.
Labor Department ofiicials say
there Is no doubt this is true-that
the rush of older people to war
plants proved 1t.
Mr.. Clague says many workers
IS years or older will be shaken out
Of jobs in the first business "reces- :
sion."
The Government has plans for
public works projects, but this isn't
a long-term solution.
The long-term problem is that
Americans live longer than they did
couple of generations ago. There
are thus far more older people In
proportion to younger ones. This
trend will continue as long as doc
tors find new ways of defeating
deadly diseases Of older people, like
cancer
Depends on Prosperity
Robert C. Goodwin, head Of the
United States Employment sery-
ice, doesn't accept DR.. Klumpp's
prediction there may be 10000, 900
unemployed in 1880. He says the
number Of jobs depends on many
things, including prosperity.
If people have money they will
buy. Their buying will create great
er demands for things to buy. This
demand will create new Jobs And
science will create new things, and
more jobs.
Mr.. Goodwin believes the prob
lem will help solve itself. But he
and labor officials agree the situa-
ton has to be watched carefully.
A great deal of Government and
private planning is aimed at keep
ing the nation busy and prosperous.
However, there is no precise long
term plan for creating jobs or keep
ing the number Of jobs in balance
with the number Of people who need
work.
DR.. Klumpp, one Of several medi-
cal men who recently led Govern
ment-sponsored National Health
Assembly discussion Of the problems
OF older people. says these people
represent the most valuable ma
tural source" this country has.
Older people usually combine
intelligence with skill and the will
to work, he says. As proof he points
to a casual study of business leaders.
Almost half of the businesses that
were chosen at random In this study
were conducted by people more than
go. In the Seventy-ninth Congress
more than Sc per cent OF Senators
we're over 80.
Labor statistics show the earnings
of workers decline substantially
after they are so. Mr.. Clague says
the ideal situation would be for
workers to be graduated" into more
responsible jobs.
tDdstributsd By the Associated PressJ
Evening star., 1948-07-18

(See MINES, Page Co
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Malaga Facing
Troubled dYears
Stamping Out Groups of
Terrorists Is No
Easy Task
by O. M. Green
By O. M. Green

No one acquainted with events in
Malaga since the war will disagree
with the admission of Sir Alexander
Newbeuldt, acting high commits
sioner OF Malaga, that it will neither
be quick nor easy to stamp out the
terrorists. They have an ancient
ancestry, beginning with the secret
societies, which tor nearly $50 years
have given trouble, blackmailing
their peaceful compatriots and pro-
voking riots.
Until Germany invaded Russia,
the Malayan Communist Party and
Malayan Communist Youth Party
did all they could to obstruct the
war effort by strikes and sabotage.
After 1s41 they swung to the British
side and were the mainstay of the
resistance movement. British ofi-
GERS and arms helped what was
known as Force 1856" Besides this
force, about 1000 men, there were
independent bands, which doubtless
have now Joined up in the revolt.
How far the terrorists are really
Communist or merely Nationalists
calling themselves Communists for
solidarity with similar agitators else
where is doubtful. What is certain
Is that they have been immensely
stimulated by Communist successes
In China and the British retreat
from India and Burma has fired
their ambition to seize possession OF
Malaga.
Strikes Directed
After Japan fell, the Communists
with strikes, sabotage and terrorism
gave the British military admins
tration serious trouble. In 1916,
845,637 days were lost through
strikes. In 1e47 there were SO strikes
attended by much violence. April
this year brought = bad recrudes-
cence with the long harbor strike in
Singapore, and early in June there
were % simultaneous strikes backed
by intimidation and threats Of muir
der.
There Is no Disgusting the fact
that terrorism has been encouraged
by the governments conspicuous
weakness. Long before political
murders had got into the papers
the Johore Planters Association,
and subsequently the United Kedan
Planters Association, warned the
government that unless the agi-
tators were sternly put down, rub
Der planting would be impossible.
Plays Into A9itators' Hands
One independent Governor is in
Kuala Lumpur, another in Singa-
pore, and a Commissioner General
(Malcolm MacDonald) is endowed
with a high-sounding title but no
overriding powers, instead of one
man combining in himself all three
Offices as before the war. Not only
is the present machinery clumsy,
dilatory, and productive of fatal dif-
ferences of opinion in high places,
but it plays into the hands of the
agitatorx.
Vigorous measures now being taken
to restore order are welcome. But
mountains, jungles and forests and
the fear among ordinary folk Of Civ
ing evidence are all in favor Of the
outlaw. Fundamentally the prob
lem is the same that runs through
all the Far East: Politicians and
gangsters have seen the white man
driven out by the Japanese, and
they are all arrayed to drive him
out again. If the government is
strong and ruthless toward the agi-
tators, it will get plenty of support
from the Malayan peoples.
tohserver Foreisn News servies Copy
rtght.)
Evening star., 1948-07-18

lsee sTALEMATE, Page C-5.
Evening star., 1948-07-18
I ruman CANDLES Against
Congress and the South
Takes Risky ChanceWith Dixie to Save North
and West Votes, and Further Jeopardizes
His Stock by Special Session Call
By Gould Lincoln

President Tr,man gamble will political history
The Democratic President nominee taken
to save the North and West
for the parys national ticket year.
He has gambd further his call
non special session The he
Evening star., 1948-07-18
Berlin Stalemate Shows
Anything Can Happen
u. S. Can't Withdraw Without Exhibiting
Weakness; Nations Warn Against
Leaving Germany to i. S.S.R.
By Constontine Brown

While domestic politics the attention of people and
International situation receives attention.
professionals" in Washington that entered
relations with the anything
happen.
The western powers
Evening star., 1948-02-22
Art DramatiC) Descends on Maria Montez
From Now the Tempestuous Latin Film Star Would Make
Only Great Peectures' With Histrionics
BySh

''T shall 60 to New York with. Jear
Pierre, of course" says Maria. 81
have sworn never to be parted from
him again" &
She had to leave him in Paris
for a few weeks last year when she
came back for the movie she didn't
do for Charles Rogers. II was sc
furious with all those rumors that
Jean Pierre and I were breaking
up,' she continues. I'VE love each
other too much ever to break ou1
marriage"
One big thing made Maria very
angry when she was abroad. THE
way every one runs down Hollywdoo.
This is a pretty nice town. We
should have a public relations man
to tell that to every one"
When Maria had her daughter
2-year-old Maria Christina, she
accomplished it more or less by the
stars. "Of course, the doctor helped
little" she tells me, but it was
Maria's astrologer who decided that
February IA, Valentines Day, was
the best day for the event.
Good to Relatives.
II don't have an astrologer any
more" she tells me- I'm learning
astrology myself now from Blanca
Holmes"
Miss Montez, late of Santa Do
mingo, is very good to her huge COL
lection of sisters and brothers. At
one time she had three of her sis
tiers and one brother living with her
In Beverly Hills. Now two of the
sisters are married and the remain
ing sister, Ardita, tells Maria, Il
won't be bullied into getting mar
ried, just to make your record COM
plete." Maria's 18-year-old brother
Jaime is known as the Valentino of
the Beverly Hills High School.
Before she was married, Maria
used to collect jewels. Now" she
says happily, II have enough jew
els" She spends a lot of dollars on
clothes-at least $4,000 recently in
Paris.
The first time I saw Miss Montez
in Hollywood was in 1941. She was
a blond then, with determination to
succeed. She swore, I'm five years
I'll be making 100000 year." She
made it with a good month to spare.
(Released by North American Newspaper
Alliance.)
Evening star., 1948-02-22

Jolly little lawsuit with Producer
Charles Rogers. She wants him to
pay her 100000 because, according
to Maria, she came back from Eu-
rope and from Jean Pierre to star
for Rogers last November in Queen
of Hearts" The picture was post
poned and with 1t went the lady's
100000 and her 10 per. cent of the
profits which she estimates would
have been three million dollars! =
,, Lawsuits make me ILL., says
Maria In a voice that is meant
to be convincing. But when I am
right, I fight"
She recently was right and fought
Uniyersal-International who billed
her less Importantly in, ''The Exile
than Douglas Fairbanks. She col
lected from them sum said to be
1000, but which, Maria hints. was
nearly 10 times that. And when I
tell her she is lucky she says. I'm
not lucky, I'm right"
Next on Maria's working sched-
ule is the lead in Philip Yordan's
Joe Macbeth" for Seymour Neben-
5al. Some one at the table pipes up
with, Humphrey Bogart would be
wonderful for the leading man.
I'D rather have Robert Preston" I"
snaps Maria. He's more suitable
for the part. Besides" she adds,
I'VE can't get Bogart!" That's one
of Maria's best assets, q sense OF
humor.
After that, Maria and Jean Pierre
60 to Paris again to co-star in Jean
Cocteau's "Orphee" in French and
English.
Jean Pierre is, Of course, Orphee
and I play Death" Maria states
with her arms folded across her
chest. Il always love to interview
Maria-it's as amusing as seeing
a moie.v) Then" she continues,
Jean Pierre takes to New York the
play he wrote and starred in last
summer in Paris" It's THE En-
peror of China" and Laurence Oil
vier wants to put it on in London.
Evening star., 1948-02-22
HOLLYWOOD.


"Id rather be Garbo at so than
let's say, June Haver at 21,' say!
Maria Montez. And it's the new
Montez. with the accent on dram
mer. From now on want to make
great "peectures," says Maria, throw
ing herself into the attitude of
great tragic actress. She waves hel
long gold cigarette holder halfway
across the restaurant, then brings
her hand to rest on her left
shoulder.
"In my next peecture, Atlantis
continues Miss Montez, after an ap.
preciable pause for her histrionic!
to register with the rest of the folks
st am the essence of evil, but
am not heavy, distinctly not. Ane
at the end I am not regenerated
thank heavens"
The movie marks Maria's debut as
q semi-producer. She gets $l00, ,00(
and 10 per cent Of the profits. 81
pay my husband (Jean Pierre
Aumont), $75 900" she tells me.
She's a shrewd business gal
When the press agent with us tries
to sell her on a premiere of "Atlan-
tbs" in Mexico City, with the Presi-
dent of Mexico among those pres
ent, Maria half closes her eyes and
says, Fine, but you understand
that all my expenses must be paid
hey?" He understands.
At the moment Maria iS9f1aving a
Evening star., 1948-02-22
By Jack OBrian

the list, with Baltimore posi-
bility.
Anthony and Cleopatra" already
has run longer than Miss Cornells
celebrated production of "St. Joan.
The star-producer feels it also will
be adiudged greater success than
her Romeo and Juliet" by the end
of the New York run.
Cuff Stuff.
Theater incorporated production
of Macbeth" is in rehearsal, but
without Michael Redgrave and Flora
Robson. Redgrave finished yes
terday the successful London re-
vival of the same Shakespearean
drama and flies here Immediately to
begin practicing next week. The
Broadway engagement, starting
March 20, is limited to eight weeks.
The original London sets and
props will be shipped here. Three
other British players will join the
American actors already in re-
hearsal. The North American
premiere will be held March II in
London, Ontario.
Bidding against virtually every
Broadway producer, including the
Theater Guild, Robert Milford was
selected by Playwright Anita Loos
Gentlemen Prefer Blonds, Happy
Birthday to produce her new
musical play, "Jacqueline. 1t
has lyrics by Howard Dietz and
music by the singularly named ALL
stone, the Frenchman who wrote
SYMPHONY" Judith Anderson
will be resting for the next week
and "Medea" will reopen February
%. The tremendously exhaust
ing role plus touch of anemia
sent the reluctant Miss Anderson
into weeks vacation at her doc
tors insiStence.
THE Heiress" is nicely past the
six-months mark, still is selling out
as it deserves and a few days ago
was sold to Paramount Pictures for
$250,000 plus a hefty percentage as
a vehicle for Olivia de Havilland.
That's quite success story for
a play which two seasons ago Topped
badly on the road. q. But the faith
In its future exercised by Producer
Fred r. Finklehoffe and Director
Jed Harris brought it back. to huz-
zahs and solvent dollar signs.
During its four months at the
Alvin Theater, Shaw's Man and
Superman," Maurice Evans starred,
crossed $540,000r e. Collecting
royalties at his usual Is per cent
right of the top, Shaw took, down
Evening star., 1948-02-22
Todav's Schedules

NAT1ONAL-"Shylock and his
Daughter" 2:30 and $50 pm.
AMBASSADOR - MY Girl
lisa" ITO. 3:15, $40, 7:25
and $40 pm.
CAPITOL-"High Wall 1855,
4::50, TAO and 1920 pm.
Stage shows, los. 4. $50, and
$40 pm.
COLUMBIA-"Cass Timber
lane" 12:45, 8, Sis, 7:25 and
$40 pm.
HIPPODROME - Il Know
Where I'm Going, 2::l5, 4:o5,
5::55, 7:45 and $50 pm.
KEITH'S-"The Bishops Wife,
Ito, 800, $50, 7::35 and s:45
pm.
LITTLE-"Shoeshine." /, 2:40,
4:25, 6:05. 7:50 and 9:45 pm.
METR ROPOL1TAN-"The
Smugglers,' 1:25, 3:25. $50,
TAO and 9:45 pm.
PALACE-"Call Northside IT,"
l. sos, Sis, 7:20 and $3.50
pm.
PIX-"She Couldn't Take 1t,
1:10, 4:10. tbs and 1905 pm.
TRANS-LUX - News and
shorts. Continuous from l
pm.
WARNER-"My Girl Tisa,'
lao, 3:25, 5:3S, TAO and $50
pm.
Evening star., 1948-02-22
HOLLYWOOD.

Hollywood is greatly worried about
what you think of it. ..-
The movie industry is looking fol
friends. Never has it faced so many
hostile forces. The United States
is suing 1t on monopoly charges:
legislators are trying to smoke out
its supposed Communists. Foreign
Nations are trying to limit It's take
No wonder the town is worried.
+ Industry bigwigs in all fields have
been meeting in recent weeks to
consider what can be done to i'm
prove public relations. A gargantuan
task faces them.
Remember the old saying: Every
body has two businesses-their own
and the movies?" 1t seems as
though every citizen has his own
idea of how movies should be made
and censored and how film figures
should conduct themselves.
No other industry is subject to
such close criticism. There's no
great ruckus if an auto company
issues defective fender or prize
fighter gets caught reading poetry.
But If a censorable Aim comes out,
or a movie notable tosses q fist in
front Of Sunset Strip night spot
Wow!
What are the sources Of Holly
woods poor publicity? Number one:
The antics of some OF its inhabi-
.tants. The colony attracts many
kinds of people and some of them are
bound to cut some capers that will
look bad in print. Such news makes
.surer reading than the. activities
lof the church-going people, u -.
Thee industry has always suffered
because of its short rt-rYpgsYRwpoint
Evening star., 1948-02-22
NEW YORK

NEW o1tkA.
Katharine Cornell, one of the
several first ladies" Of the Ameri-
can theater, has broken the all-time
record for productions of Anthony
and Cleopatra" the Shakespearean
drama in which she is starring.
The longest previous run the play
enjoyed was 80 performances in
London during the 1907 season.
when Sir Herbert Tree starred Con-
stance Collier in the Cleopatra part.
Yesterdays matinee was the Tooth
performance of Miss Cornells pro-
duction, and while the end Is in
sight, it Is not because of audience
apathy.
Godfrey Tearle, who shares star
billing in this excellent revival, has
commitments for his own production
Of "Othello" in England during May
as q feature of the forthcoming fes-
tival at Stratford-on-Avon. Always
faithful to her audiences in other
cities, Miss Cornell will take the
production to as many as possible
before Tearle leaves the cast. Phila-
delphia, Boston and Chicago are on
Evening star., 1948-02-22
Hollywood Seeks Friends
A Troubled Movie Industry Aims for
Better Public Relations
By Bob Thonos

1t has always been concerned with
selling today's stars and today's
pictures and letting tomorrow take
care of itself. When big problems
arose, they were solved" by hiring
such high-powered help as Will
Hays, Eric Johnston, James Byrnes,
Paul McNutt, Donald Nelson, etc.
Hollywood might fare better with
longer vision. Instead OF tossing
out news Of the latest color Of Lana
Turner's hair, tell about the great
job Hollywood did In the war. In
stead of throwing a big premiere.
put the money in program for
children's movies. This advice Is
free of charge.