davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Reds EncircIement
Reported Smashed
By Chiang's Forces
Trapped 18th Army Group
Said to Have Contacted
Column Marching to Aid
By the Associated Press

NANKING, Dec. 8.-Units of
the governments hard-pressed
18th Army Group were reported
today to have smashed through
Communist encirclement in the
crucial battle for Nanking.
The government military news
agency said these units had made
contact with other Nationalist
troops advancing northward from
the new Hwai River defense line
about 100 miles northwest of here.
There was no confirmation of the
report by foreign military circles.
The military news agency report
had no other details.
The bulk of the 18th has been
trapped nearly two weeks southwest
of Sutsien, rail town As miles south
of fallen Suchow. The army group.
short on food and ammunition, is
getting some supplies by air.
250,00o Reported Encircled.
Meanwhile, other Communist COL
unns were reported Tightening
the moose on the 250,O00 government
troops which abandoned Suchow
week ago in an attempt to relieve
the 18th Army Group.
The former Suchow garrison, made
up of three army groups, is trapped
in a shrinking pocket about so miles
southwest of SuchoW,
Neutral military observers reported
that elements of II Communist COL
umns have been identified as the
encircling force. Red Gen. Chen vi
was reported moving additional COL
umns against the pocket.
The three Nationalist Army groups
were described as offering stiff re-
sistance. The I'd Army group, led
by German-trained Chiu Ching
chuan-one of the Nationalists' most
respected field commanders - was
bearing the brunt of the Red attacks.
Martial Law Extended.
Clear weather intensified activity
from Markings airfield. Fighters
and bombers were shutting between
the capital and the combat areas
to the northwest.
The critical nature of the battle
was reflected by a government order
extending martial law to the Wuhan
area of Central China. This in
cludes the big city of Hankow, Wu-
han and Hanyang.
The government also was rush
ing all available reinforcements to
the Hwai River defense line.
But battle reports everywhere
seemed to toll too late" for frantic
efforts to stave off a Communist
(See CHINA. Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Russians Demand End
OF Korea Commission,
Held American Tool
U. S. Trying to Transform
Country Into Playground
Of Capitalism U. N. Told
BY the Associated Press

PARIS, Dec. 8.-Soviet Dele
gate Jacob A. Malik demanded
today that the United Nations
Korean Commission be ended
terming it a tool of American
Imperialism"
Mr.. Malik said John Foster Dulles
acting chairman of the American
delegation, wants to utilize the
U. N. as a cloak for Transforming
Southern Korea into a playground
of capitalism and springboard for
imperialism.
The Russian delegate spoke
throughout the morning session OF
the 58-nation Political Committee
in support of a Soviet proposal to
drop the Korean commission.
Filibuster Threat Seen.
Western observers said there was
a threat of a Soviet bloc filibuster
to prevent action on Korea's case
at this session of the General As
sembly, but the American delega-
ton hopes the question of Korean
independence will reach vote be-
fore the Political Committee ends
this sessions work tonight.
The Russians do not like resolu-
ton by the United States, China and
Australia which was presented to the
Political Committee yesterday.
The resolution calls for recognition
of the Government of American
occupied South Korea as legal gov
ernment and for new U. N. Korean
Commission. The commission would
be empowered to work for reunion
of North and South Korea and tc
check on the actual withdrawal OF
Russian and American occupation
troops.
Assembly Quits Saturday.
The Political Committee is work
ing against time.
Chairman Paul-Henri Spaak Of
Belgium has ruled that it must END
its debate by tonight. The Assembly
winds up Saturday and the Assem-
bly, must act on any resolutions
passed to give them legal effect.
Even so, preliminaries may take
up too much time. A clause-by-
clause examination will follow the
debate.
Delegates of the Soviet Union
and her Communist neighbors were
set for long speeches today. v. P.
Kovalenko of the Soviet Ukraine
and Tadeusz Zebrowski of Poland
launched the attacks last night.
Zebrowski said the American policy
in Korea resembled the Truman
doctrine in Greece.
Recognition of Rhee Asked.
Mr.. Dulles blasted Communist tao
tics in Korea yesterday and urged
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Grand Jury Calls Donald Hiss
To Testify in Espionage Case
New York Investigation Is Nearing
Final Conclusion Federal Official Says

ably would go before the jury at a
later session. She had been accused
by Mr.. Chambers OF copying some
of the documents which her hus-
band allegedly took from the State
Department files.
Donald Hiss, now a Washington
attorney, was accused by Mr.. Cham
bers last August of being a member
of a prewar Communist under
ground in the Government. He de-
MED all the charges. Mr.. Cham
bers made the assertion before the
House Un-American Activities Com
mittee.
United States Attorney John F. x.
McGohey said yesterday the grand
jury is turning up some real evil
dence."
I'VE are closer than we ever have
been before to a final conclusion" ?"
Mr.. McGohey added.
Another Federal courthouse source
said every effort" is being made to
obtain quick indictments. 1t was
indicated that any indictments will
charge perjury.
Any indictments by the current
grand jury would have to be re-
(See GRAND JURY, Page A-6)
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Giant Companies Get
Lions Share Of ECA
Orders, P|oeser Says
U. S. Shipping to Bottle
Loss of $3.50 Rotio
In Foreign Aid Coreoes
BY the Associoted Press

The foreign aid program came
under fire on Capitol Hill today
on grounds that a "feW giant
companies" get the lions share
of the exports while small firms
60 hungry for materials shipped
abroad.
That charge came from Chairman
Ploeser of the House Small Busi-
ness Committee, while major fight
shaped up between two Government
agencies over transportation oi
Marshall Plan goods.
The interagency row is over q
decision by Paul G. Hoffman, Eco.
nomic Cooperation Administrator
to stop giving American ships 6
$3.50 share of Marshall Plan bulk
cargoes. Maritime Commissioner
Grenville Mellen called that fan.
tastic."
Mr.. Ploeser contended in a state.
ment that the aid program is hurt
ing small American firms by reduc.
ing the supply of strategic anc
critically short materials available
in this country.
Urges Immediate Action.
He urged immediate attention Il
these aspects of the program by the
Justice Department and the Con.
gressional Watch Dog" Committee
on the Economic Cooperation Ad.
ministration.
Mr.. Ploeser cited the August re.
port of ECA on cotton exports.
The report shows, he said, that
one firm, Anderson, Clayton & Co.
and its subsidiaries received 71.2 pei
cent of August cotton procurement
authorizations under the ECA pro.
gram.
Will Clayton, former Undersecre.
tary of State, has large interes'
in the firm.
Mr.. Ploeser said: There seems t.
be no excuse for one firm to b.
obtaining such a dominant per
centage of the total business. If an.
situation comparable to this shoult
arise in our domestic economy, thu
Department of Justice undoubtedl!
would conduct an investigation TO
violation of the antitrust laws.
Calls for Regulations.
During the same month of Au
gust, approximately 296 firms OBJ
tanned all the foreign-aid business
under ECA,"
Mr.. Ploeser urged that ECA ISSUE
regulations to force wider distribu
ton of Marshall Plan business.
Mr.. Hoffman's order, which vii
cut down on use of American Ship
for Marshall Plan cargoes, goes int
effect January !.
Mr.. Mellen summoned his fellow
commissioners to a special session
to consider the policy decision.
The ECA chief said he based hi!
action on the grounds that the use
of higher-cost American shipping
for such products as grain and Goa
is cutting into dollars meant fol
European recovery.
But Mr.. Mellen, who only yester'
day charged any such action woule
amount to "sellout" of the Ameri.
can merchant marine, retorted:
"If Mr.. Hoffman is so interested
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Col. Grubbs Assigned
To Boiling Command
BY the Associoted Press

MONTGOMERY, Ala, Dec. g.
Col. Sydney D. Grubbs, commanding
officer of Maxwell Field, has been as
signed to take charge of the Head
quarters Command of the Air Force
al Boiling Field in Washington.
The announcement was made to-
day by Gen. Muir S. Fairchild
deputy chief of staff for the Air
Force who is Nattending a confer
ence of top-level commanders.
Col. Grubbs, who leaves for Boil
ing tomorrow, will replace Brig. Gen
Burton M. Hovey, jr.. who has been
named air attache at Buenos Aires
Col. Grubbs successor at Maxwell
has not been announced. =.
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Eqg. Prices Cut 4 10 s Gents
In Some Washington Stores

Retail prices of eggs went down 4
to 5 cents a dozen in some Wash
ington stores today and other stores
were expected to charge the new rate
tomorrow. The cut followed a drop
in wholesale quotations on the New
York market.
Dealers here said the reduction
was due to the usual seasonal in
crease in production. Top-grade
eggs here yesterday were retailing
at about 81 cents a dozen.
The lower price in Washington
was expected to prevail over the
week end at least.
Evening star., 1948-12-08
'C|0 Asks Profits Tax,
.AFL Urges Price Plan
By Business, Labor
Both Agree Thot Wages
Are Logeine, but Differ
On Approach to Problem
By J. A. O'Leory

The CIO and AFL agreed to-
day that wages have not kept
pace with prices and that in
dustrial profits are reaching a
new peak. They offered differ
ent approaches, however, to the
problem of achieving a more
stable economy.
Stanley H. Ruttenberg. C1O OFF,
cial, fired the opening gun for re-
vival of an excess profits tax.
Nelson H. Cruikshank, speaking
for the AFL, stressed the need fol
a conference of business, labor and
farmers to work out a Joint vol
untary program in cooperation
with the Government to stop infla.
ton"
Both men testified before thl
Joint House-Senate Economic Sub
committee studying corporate profit!
for the information Of the new
Congress, which meets January 3.
CIO Sounds Warning.
The CIO spokesman sounded
warning that if industry uses the
profits from current high prices tt
auild a cushion against a future
declining market, such action will
only hasten another depression.
The AFL spokesman served notice
that labor cannot refrain from ask.
ing maximum wage increases unless
we have assurance from employers
that they will meet our sacrifice by
following policies which will avoid
price increases and permit prices tc
decline where they are unduly high
Mr.. Cruikshank told the commit.
tee he hoped the proposed conference
of industry, labor and gariculture
could be arranged early in the new
year.
Profits Tax Not Mentioned.
The prepared statement of thu
AFL made no direct reference tt
the controversial issue OF imposing
an excess profits tax on business. i
referred, however, to the tax cut:
voted by the Republican Congres:
on individual incomes. contendine
that the bulk of these tax saving:
went to those with incomes above
$1,000.
The low incomes still bear
heavy tax burden, and this shoulc
be kept in mind in any new meas
ures for taxation. Their buying
power is vital to the Nation ane
must be increased" Mr.. Cruikshanl
said.
I'm looking to 1949, the AFI
recognizes that in free enterprise
economy the organizations of basic
productive groups-employers, labol
and farmers-cannot expect thu
Government to lift from them th'
burden of their own responsibility
for constructive policies in regare
to prices"
CIO Urges Two Steps.
The CIO statement closed with
these two recommendations: Il, ar
all-out attack must be made upoI
the monopolistic and self-interest
practices of American industry; ano
2, and excess profits tax and un-
distributed profits tax must be
enacted in order that the present
high levels of, speculative profits
can be taxed away"
The AFL argued that since the
war, industry has been depending
on profits retained in the business
for new capital and new equipment
to a far greater extent than it did
before the war, when new capital
Was obtained to a greater extent by
the sale of securities to investors.
"It means in actual fact that by
keeping prices high, companies ac-
ICoo DD0ETTC Do0o Al
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Liner Queen Elizabeth
Rushes Return Trip
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, Dec 8.-The Queen
Elizabeth sailed today for England
after a stay of only a little more
than "a hours in New York.
The Cunard White Star liner, the
worlds largest passens% vessel,
made the rapid turnaround to make
up some of the two weeks lost be-
cause of the East Coast longshore-
mems strike, British fog and heavy
weather at sea while en- route to
the United States.
The vessel arrived Monday night
IA days behind schedule with 2,209
passengers. Today it carried 1880
passengers on the return voyage.
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Navy, Maryland 10 Meet
In Football in 1850
BY the Associated Press

ANNAPOLIS, Md. Dec. 8.-Navl
and Maryland will meet in football
September 80, 1850, the Academy
announced today
Rear Admiral James L. Holloway
jr., Academy superintendent, said a
site for the game has not yet been
selected.
I'VE are very pleased at this
renewal of an ancient football
rivalry" Admiral Holloway said.
The States two top gridiron pow
ers have not met since 1884, when
Navy won, 1913.
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Truman Names Jessup
u. N. DELEGATION Chief

President Truman today desig-
mated Philip C. Jessup acting chief
of the American mission to the
United Nations in place of Warren
r. Austin, who is now in Walter
Reed Hospital. He will have the
rank OF Ambassador.
Mr.. Jessup has been serving as
Mr.. Austin'S deputy.
Evening star., 1948-12-08
100000 in Rome Suffer
Attacks of Influenza
BY the Associated Press

ROME, Dec. 8.-About 100000 per-
sons out OF the 100000 in Rome
are down with mild influenza, health
authorities said today.
A spokesman for the health de-
partment said no deaths. had been
reported. He described the malady
as "a benign form of influenza" and
said it's quick spread was probably
due to dry weather.
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Premier Apologies
To Diet for Calling
Japan an Empire
by the Associofed Press

TOKYO, Dec. 8.-Prime Min
ister Shigeru Yoshida apollo
gized to the Diet today for
calling Japan an empire"
When I said Japanese En-
pire it was a mistake for Japan"
the Premier explained, referring
to his speech before the par
liamentary body.
He added that the two terms
are similar in Japanese and
that it was a slip of the tongue.
japanese lawmakers were in an
uproar when he made the slip.
They demanded an explana-
ton. Since the war the nation
no longer calls itself an empire.
Evening star., 1948-12-08
BY the Assoeioted Press

PARIS, Dec. 8.-Britain told
the United Nations today that it
had private information that an
armed Jewish force was advanc-
ing toward the Red Sea near
Trans-Jordan. 1t said the force
of unestimated size-Was report
ed halfway between the Dead Sea
and the Gulf of Aqaba on the
Red Sea.
Harold Beeley of Britain told the
Security Councils seven-nation COM
mittee on Palestine the report is
of serious concern to the United
Kingdom" He said any Jewish at
tack on Trans-Jordan would "oblige
Britain to take action envisaged in
its treaty with that Arab country"
A British delegation source said
the treaty provides for mutual mil
itary assistance in the event of
aggression against either Britain or
Trans Jordan.
Agrees to Negeb Peace Talk.
Earlier Israel announced that she
was willing to talk peace in the
Negeb desert battle-ground of the
south as part of general Palestine
negotiations between Israelis and
Arabs.
Speaking sternly. the Briton told
the committee the Security Council
should put an end to the present
situation.
Mr.. Beeley said two courses are
open. He said the Council could
take severe measures, up to and
including diplomatic and economic
sanctions against either side which
failed to observe Council orders, or
Immediately convene to consider the
present situation"
The Anglo Trans Jordan treaty
was negotiated in 1916 and revised
in 194S.
Egyptian Unit Encircled.
Israeli forces encircling an Egyp-
tian brigade in the South Palestine
desert represent the main obstacle
to a Holy Land armistice such as
ordered in a United Nations Security
Council resolution.
The new Israeli offer was made in
the special Council committee by
Aubrey Eban, Israers representative
here.
ITO get out of the impasse at
Faluja (where the Egyptians are
trapped) we would have to follow
the procedure of free and unpreju-
diced talks between opposing mill
tary commanders on the spot" Mr..
Eban told the committee.
Earlier DR.. Ralph j. Bunche, the
acting U. N. mediator for Palestine.
told the committee he has received
official word pledging Trans-Jordan
to accept an armistice, but like
Egypt's previous acceptance, it was
tied to the Security Council order
of November 4 commanding both
sides to withdraw to lines held be-
fore October Ia, the date of Israel's
successful offensive against the
Egyptians in the Negeb.
Bunche Still Hopeful.
DR.. Bunche reported to the COM
mittee that he had not brought the
Israelis and Arabs any closer to-
gether recently, but he indicated
hope still lies in direct talks among
the belligerents with or without
U. N. guidance.
DR.. Bunche returned last night
from trip to Egypt, Trans-Jordan
and Israel.
The mediator said the greatest
hope for peace in the Holy Land
now. is in direct talks between the
commanders of the opposing mill
tary forces with or without a U. NJ
Iconciliator sitting in" Such talks
between Trans-Jordan military lead
ers and Israeli commanders already
have produced a cease-fire in Jeru-
salem.
DR.. Bunche told the committee
the Egyptian brigade surrounded
at Faluja in the Southern Negeb
desert area by Israeli forces pre-
-~-YNTr n
Evening star., 1948-12-08
British Report
Jews Invading
Trans-Jordan
Bunche Denies He Has
Word of Advance
By Israeli Army
BULLETIN

PARIS R.-The British said
today that they have private
information that Jewish armed
forces have invaded Trans
Jordan. DR.. Ralph Bunche,
acting mediator, said he had
no report on any Jewish ad-
vance.
Evening star., 1948-12-08
Truman to Meet Press

President Truman will h7ld a news
conference at 1890 am. tomorrow.
Evening star., 1948-12-08

(See PROFITS, Page AT
Evening star., 1948-12-08

(See SHIPPING, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1948-12-08

(See Staying, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1948-12-08

(See KOREA, Page A-6D
The Nome nugget., 1948-03-15
Czar Lewis Calls Soft Coal Strike

WASHINGTON, (P) - John L. Lewis hurled an implied threat of soft coal strike at the govern ment and mine owners Saturday, then waited for something to hap pen.
 The united mine workers chief declared in letter to the unions 100000 members that their en- ployers in the past eight months "have dishonored the 1947 wage agreement and defaulted under it's provisions affecting the welfare fund."
 That contract, signed last July 8, pledged the miners to stay on the job as long as they are Table and willing" Lewis told a news con- ference Friday he did not know how much longer they'll be twill ing"
 The agreement-which runs un- til June 30-can be ended by either miners or operators on 30 days notice.
 The fiery mine leader did not say flatly that his miners will stop work. Instead, he asked the public
 (Continued on Page Five)
The Nome nugget., 1948-03-15
Group Meets To Discuss Possible Hospital Site

A group of citizens was called to meeting by acting chairman Keith Hedreen, (City Council member) in order to get the ball rolling on a temporary location for hospital facilities since Nome's only hospital burned to the ground last week.
 Of several proposals brought to the attention of the group only three were seriously considered; one, the Alaska Native school building; two, the army wartime hospital buildings; and three, the three lodge and club buildings on Third Avenue, owned by the Odd fellows, American Legion and the Arctic Club.
 The army buildings were re- jected through discussion, as being too expensive to put into opera ton.
 The other two proposals were to be investigated by a committee to assist Dr. J. B. Tucker in the ap- proval of one of the two sites. The committee composed of pr. Tucker, Howard Green, Bill Gillis, A. (Gus) Steinwandel, John Hu- dert, Carl Glavinovich.
 MT. Glavinovich offered the services of the U. s. Smelling Co.'s engineering department to draw plans and estimates for the recon ditioning of the building or build ings to be approved by the com mittee, which will report back to another general meeting agreed for tonight at 7:30 pm. in the City Hall.
 Dr. Tucker stated he had re- ceived a telegram from the Wo- mems Division of the Methodist Board of Missions which in effect stated that the board would meet on Monday (today) and would au-
 Continued on Page SiD
The Nome nugget., 1948-03-15
RevOIutiOnists Isolate Capital Of Costa Rica

SAN JOSE, Costa Rica, (P) A desperate Costa Rican government tried today to stem a revolution sweeping the nation. The opposi- ton has virtually isolated the cap ital.
 Seventy-five per cent of San Jose's power plants have been blown up and opposition forces said they were trying to cut the remainder last night. The city's industry is at a virtual standstill. A general sit-doWn strike has been called for today.
 Underground sources say the government has appealed to Gen. eral Anastasio Samoza, former president and now strongman of Nicaragua, to send help as soon as possible.
 Three Nicaraguan planes are here at the Sabana airport with their wing insignia painted out with yellow paint.
 Jose Figueres, leader of the rev. olutionary forces, said over the underground radio he had wiped out half of the mobile unit sent to force him from his hidden noun tain stronghold south of Cartago. This unit had been trained by the U. s. army.
 Government troops earlier re- ported the capture of II men at FiguereS' stronghold.
The Nome nugget., 1948-03-15
30 Killed In Plane Crash Near
 Anchorage

ANCHORAGE (P)-The wreck age of a Northwest Airlines plane, missing with thirty persons aboard, has been sighted on Mount Sanford, the army's public rela- tions officer reported.
 Officials said an army B-17 spotted the wreckage on the $500 foot level of the mountain, about two hundred miles northeast of Anchorage.
 The plane, a chartered Shangx hai-to-St. Paul Northwest Airlines DC-4 plane, with 30 persons aboard vanished on the east flight Friday night. The last radio con- tact with the big craft was at 11:03 p.m., when it passed over the Gull kama range station, approximately l50 miles northeast of Anchorage. The station reported it was flying at HOO feet. It had been sched- uled to make its first stop at Ed monton, Alta.
 Gulkana reported early Satur- day morning that fire had been seen of Mt. Sanford, which towers high in the Wrangell range to the right of the planes normal course through Nabesna Pass. Weather conditions were reported good at
 Continued on Page Four)
The Nome nugget., 1948-03-15
Truman NOnin- ates Cruening

JUNEAU, (P)-Ernest Gruening said Saturday he was grateful for the action of President Tru- man in nominating him to serve another four-year term as Cover nor of Alaska.
 Republican leaders said they had no comment on the namina- ton pending the outcome of the Presidential election.
 Democrats likewise had no com ment except to point out that dis patches had indicated that Tru- man intended to reno m n e Gruening.