davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-10-31

In the Russian zone, Marxism is
in the saddle. In the American,
British and French zones, German
children are schooled along lines
traditional to western democracies
The former wartime Allies also
failed to agree on German youth
organizations. The Russians want
ed to blackball, on a Berlin wide
basis, all groups except the Soviet
sponsored, Communist controlled
Free German Youth Movement
which operates in their zone.
About all east and west could
agree on was a purge of Naziism
and German militarism from school
texts and German literature.
American officials charge that the
Russians are feeding German chill
dren "undiluted Marxism." The
Russian revolution is praised to the
skies as monumental milestone in
human progress. Western civil
ization, especially American, is
characterized as nothing but i'm
perialism and capitalistic tyranny.
u. S.-British Methods
On their side, the United States
and Britain are pushing democratic
zation' and 'reorientation" pro-
grams. These feature exchanges of
teachers, students, artists and lee
turers designed to reopen the WIN
dows OF the world" for German
youth and its instructors.
AS part of the vests hope of in
fluencing German youth, the Ameri-
can Army got children into baseball
and other athletic clubs and spon-
sored summer camps.
German Catholic bishops charged
that 1000 German children have
disappeared from their homes in
the Russian zone since the war and
been removed for Communist
schooling. When the issue came
before the Allied Control Council,
the west voted for a Germany
wide, four power probe, but the
Soviets vetoed it.
Despite border controls, thousands
of young Germans have been leaving
their homes in the Russian zone and
slipping into Western Germany.
distributed by the Associated Press)
Evening star., 1948-10-31

operating again ana, although there
was a good deal of dissatisfaction
among the people because of the
high cost of living, the situation
looked promising.
The European Recovery Program
was helping substantially in the re-
vival of Frances economy until a
few weeks ago, when with great
suddenness a rash of strikes-like
that which nearly paralyzed the
country last year-broke out again.
Whispering Campaign
What was behind all OF this? Ac-
cording to careful studies made on
the spot, the Communists were be-
coming increasingly active. although
France was moving toward political
and economic stability. The theme
for their widespread propaganda
was provided by Russia when we
made the unfortunate mistake of
selecting Berlin as political
battle-ground with the U. S. S. R.
When the blockade of Berlin
touched off a conflict between east
and west, France heard more
rumors than either the United
States or Britain to the effect that
the situation could be settled only
by a clash of arms. We and the
British realized that we might have
to cut the Gordian knot with the
sword, and felt that if we were
pushed into this by the Politburo We
would face the situation with con-
fidence.
Not so in France. The Communist
agents divided their attention be-
tween the submissive labor organi-
zations-the majority of which the
Reds still dominate-and the indi-
vidualistic farmers. They began to
preach that capitalist America had
bought off the French government
by means of the Marshall Plan and
intended to make cannon fodder of
the French people.
Workers Swallow Propaganda
The farmers have been intensely
propagandized. They have been told
that America and its bought" gov
ernment IN Paris intend to fight
Russia, and that this coming war
which only the French masses them
selves can stop-will not be like
World War II. They also are being
told that the Russian hordes which
will invade France will not act like
the Germans, who needed and culti-
waited the cooperation of the
French farmers. They will destroy,
it is said, everything from cattle to
human beings, and the Communists
insist that the only way to escape
such a disaster is to place a Com
m,lnist government in power.
With such an administration the
French people are assured that Mos
COW will not harm them in any way
and, in fact, will aid them on the
road to the new Stalinist democracy.
The majority of French industrial
workers have to swallow these argu-
ments, even if they think they are
fallacious, because otherwise their
lives would be made unbearable by
the Communist union leaders. The
Evening star., 1948-10-31
Continued From Page C-1)

that Mr.. Truman will shoulder off
any of his responsibilities before
noon of January 20.
Because of the change in the
presidential succession law, there
will be no opportunity this year for
the silly-season proposal that has
been advanced at other times when
administrations changed-for a de-
feated President to name his pros
pective successor as Secretary of
State, then resign and let the victor
take over without delay.
But that one would have no i'm
pact on Mr.. Truman anyway.
Nor would a Truman victory pro-
duce any cabinet changes, unless
the individuals themselves want to
step out. The President is satisfied
with what he has. He tells friends
that he has a good team" and
that's that. In the course of four
years, it would be natural to look
for changes, but presidential conf
dants are satisfied that Mr.. Truman
will not initiate any.
What happens if Mr.. Truman
loses?
Well, for one thing, intimates are
certain, he will turn over the Office
graciously to Gov. Dewey, with only
good will toward all concerned in
cluding those or his own party who
gave him a turn around.
He's enough Of a philosopher, and
knows the uncertainties of politics
sufficiently well to take whatever
happens in stride, friends believe.
He is satisfied that he has done his
best and he feels also he has con-
tributed something to foster liberal
ism in his party. What he might do
on the bread-and-butter circuit as
a former President, is something
that only Mr.. Truman or his i'm
mediate family would know.
He is not a man of means, and
probably could use a paycheck.
Some Of his associates think he
might write. He always enjoyed his
Senate service, and cherishes an
abiding regard for that institu-
ton, so it is not without the realm
Of possibility that he would follow
the example of John Quincy Adams
who served in Congress before and
after serving as President. OF
course, Mr.. Truman will be IS next
May, and he also has in front OF
him the warning example Of
Andrew johnson, another recon-
,truction era President, who sought
unsuccessfully to get back in Con:
gress when he failed to hold the
office to which Lincoln's assasina-
lion took him.
Whatever he does, lF'll keep busy.
That's the Truman y. !
Evening star., 1948-10-31

couples under 80 to buy furnishings
Interest on the loan is paid by
the government, If the couple has
one child. For the second, third
fourth and fifth babies, a reduction
of 5000 crowns is made in the
debt for each baby. A sixth baby
brings credit Of $4,000 crowns and
cancels the debt.
Babies also mean automatic wage
increases for workers, whether en-
ployed by the state or private in
terests. Each employe gets a boost
Of $50 crowns ($3) monthly for the
first child, 200 crowns for the second
and 300 for each additional child
In Italy, the theological warfare
between the Catholic Church and
the Communists was dramatized re-
Gently during the National Con-
crosses of the Girls. and Boys OF
Catholic Action, which brought
100000 youngsters to Rome.
Addressed by Pope
Recalling early Christian Martyrs
the Boys and Girls of Catholic Ac-
ton marched from the Colosseum to
st. Peters Square, where they were
addressed separately by Pope Plus
XII.
To the girls, the pontiff, antici-
pating the day they would become
faithful wives, happy mothers, y
spoke in tones of fatherly concern
He adjured them to constancy in
the Catholic faith.
To the boys, many of them led
by their parish priests in parade
which the Communist newspaper
Il 1'Unita" called SHOW of force -
the Pope called for a Christian VIC
tory over atheism, materialism and
social misery.
On their side, the Communists are
busy. Under the aegis of L'Unita,
series of celebrations was held in
major Italian cities as part of Com
munist press month" These were
called "L'Unita national holidays"
and they combined picnics with pro-
grams of sports, games, dances and
fireworks-all intended to appeal to
youth.
Europe's theological schism is most
sharply etched in Germany.
Evening star., 1948-10-31

PRINCETON, N. 1.-THE profess
Observation-Disclosures known as
the man who built the atom bomb"
has come home from Europe, fearful
for the future.
Back at the institute for advanced
study where he is director, DR.. j.
Robert Oppenheimer paced in front
of desk Uttered with the accumu-
lated papers of three months and in
an interview talked of tomorrow:
France is beset with the fear of
civil war; the Low Countries and
Denmark are filled with fear of be-
ing overrun and occupied; England
is deep in fear Of fighting another
war"
Not Atomic War Fear
Today, says DR.. Oppenheimer, the
scholars of Europe strangely don't
seem to feel that the heavy cloud
that hangs over the peoples of the
world is one of an atomic war
rather, Of occupation, enslavement,
civil war and the destruction of the
very fabric of their lives"
What Europe needs most is edu-
cational help and q sense Of secu-
rity, something it can get only from
us" he said.
IT was deeply impressed that the
feeling of the intellectual world of
Europe is one Of a lack Of security
in the future-the terribli eppre-
Evening star., 1948-10-31
War of aeologies in Ewope;S Schools

The battle of the classrooms is on
in Europe. An Associated Press sur
vey shows it extends over much of
the continent. The stakes are the
minds of today's children, tomor-
rows soldiers.
In Belgrade, children sing "We
are Tito's youth" In Rome, a boy
can go on picnic sponsored by his
parish priest and hear about the
evils of atheism and materialism
Or he can go on picnic sponsored
by Communists and hear all about
the class struggle.
In Prague, teachers now teach
more Russian than English. Before
it was more English than Russian
Greek Children Transplanted
There even have been charges OF
thousands of children being kid
naped to be indcctrinated. The
Greek government claims between
10000 and 12.eDo Greek youngsters
ranging in age from to IA, have
been abducted by guerrilla forces
and removed to Albania. Yugoslavia,
Bulgaria and other countries.
The United Nations special COM
mittee on the Balkans investigated
and, along with the Greek govern
ment, demanded the return of the
children. But the northern nations
insisted, as did Greek guerrilla
leader Gen. Markos Vafiades, that
the youngsters were not forcibly re-
moved, that they came with the con-
sent Of their parents to escape the
terror Of the 'Monarchofascists'
From Belgrade, Associated Press
Correspondent Osgood Caruthers re-
ported that after listening to some
Of the transplanated Greek children
"one gets the strongest impression
ohey came with the fullest consent
Of their parents who are fighting in
the mountains with Markos."
Prep School for Party -
In a nation which has so per cent
illiteracy, new textbooks have been
written, many of them copied after
Russian works. Primers tell chill
dren about Tito, the Partisans and
the struggle for liberation Other
elementary books emphasize youth S
role in the nations f1ve-year plan
For children below high school
age there is the Tito-organized
Pioneers" whose members wear
kerchiefs, sing Tito songs, gather iii
clubhouses abounding in pictures of
Tito and other heroes Of the Par
tisans.
When q Yugoslav child reaches
nigh school age, he Is ready to join
Peoples Youth" a national organ
ization, which goes in for volunteer
work, sports, mass calisthenics and
further education I'M socialism.
In CZechoslovakia, in the land of
the Masaryks and Benes, a new
education bill has been in force since
the Communist coup last February
Now, four hours of Russian and two
hours of English are taught every
week in commercial and certain
other high schools.
While there are no written rules
to this effect, an Associated Press
correspondent says, "It has been
noted that a failure in Russian
seems to bring about failures in
other subjects"
Student self-government is domi-
mated by two Communicated groups,
the Union Of Czech Students and
the Union of Czech Youth, which
has incorporated the Boy Scouts
and all other youth movements.
Applicants for senior high schools
and universities must be approved
by the latter union and must also
show credits from work brigades.
The national concern for the
birth rate is reflected in the way
the government issues loans Of up
to $4,000 crowns ($720 to married
Evening star., 1948-10-31

~AS PSAAON Va AAA4dI1O1l,
such as we are in, these incompara-
bilities are serious.
Economists follow the principle
that costs should be related to reve-
nues on the same price level basis,
and that the income of one period
should be compared with the income
of another period on the same price
level basis.
I'm accord with this principle,
economists believe that inventory
revaluations should be excluded
from business income. Economists
also believe that revaluations of
fixed assets should be excluded from
business income. Finally, economists
believe that comparisons of income
over time are possible only If ad-
justments are made for changes in
the purchasing power of money In
come, and all estimations of ma
tional income provide for such ad-
justments."
Samuel J. Broad, New York,
chairman of the Committee on Ac-
counting Procedure of the Ameri-
can Institute of Accountants, said
the disadvantages of a basic change
in accounting procedures out
weigh the gains it would bring"
He added that imitation has not
proceeded to a point where original
dollar costs have lost enough of
their practical significance to war
rant their restatement In terms Of
a deprecated currencE"
distributed By the AS ted Press)
Evening star., 1948-10-31
THE SUNDAY STAR, Washington, D.
p. SUNDAY, ocToeER 81, Is4s.
France Turns Responsive
Ear to Soviet Sales Talk
Aiming to Make French Their Top Satellites,
Russians Pound the Idea That Red Rule
Is Better Than Another Invasion
By Constantine Brown

France has the of Russian expansonst
The Krmn through its powerfully organized French Communist
Party paying attention making satellite
Western problems
feels, be temporzed long desires.
Conditions
Evening star., 1948-10-31
Charter Tops Presidency
On Montgomery's Ballot
County Residents Will Reveal at the Polls
Whether They Want to Embark on New
Experiment in Government
By J. B. Zotmon

time in Montgomery County voters will
whether they embark
O in government.
counties Maryland concerned
But one according working efficiently in IL
other counties throughout United
This nan would
Evening star., 1948-10-31
Say We'd Win Eventually

French politicians say politely
that they have no doubt that even-
tually we would defeat the Rus
slams, but that it might take long
time. And they point out that in
spite of present plans to provide
the western armies, ano particularly
French manpower, with the needed
arms, many American and British
general staff officers believe there
are only two points which can be
defended against a Russian inva-
sion of Western Europe. One Is
Britain, because she is an island;
the other is Spain.
When our people are asked points
blank whether they subscribe to
these ideas, they answer, of course,
that we would do our best to pro-
tect France, and even If we were
forced to withdraw behind the
Pyrenees and across the Mediter-
ranean, we would see to 1t that
France was re-established after the
Reds were defeated. Our people
point out that we made a similar
pledge during World War II and
that we kept our word faithfully.
Fear Third Invasion q
To this the French political men,
who now are veering reluctantly
toward Russia, answer that they do
not doubt Americas word, but they
tell us to ask ourselves whether
France could stand third invasion
in IS years, and what would be left
of France to restore If the Russian
hordes enjoyed a two-year picnic
on French territory. =
These Frenchmen conclude dole
fully that it might be better for
Frances own sake to let the Rus
slams come in-either through their
stooges or with their arrnies-as
friends rather than as foes. ~
The Politburo is fully informed.
of course, of these new trends.
which are growing among the polit-
ical leaders, and Is leaving no stone
to exploit the situation.
effort is being exerted
10 show that France, on the side Of
The Western Powers, would face
nothing but terror, while on the side
,f the U. S. s. R., after American
influence had been eliminated, she
could look forward to a smiling
'uture. even if 1t had. to give UP
some of its ancient bourgeois doc
rines. ee1
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1948-01-15
Kiwanians Plan
Minstrel Show

A good representation of XII
wanians from the tri-cities met
Monday evening in the high school
auditorium to formulate blans for
minstrel show to be staged hv
Pasco, Kennewick and Richland
talent. = "a
IONS for lend men, inter-
locutors, dance and stage choruses
will be held Thursday, January
Is at 7:30 p. m, in the Kennewjck
high school auditorium. Anyone
interested in taking part and who
has bad experience on the stage
or In dramatics is asked to con-
tact Whit Halteman OF Richland
or they may get in touch with DR..
S. S. Selby of Kennewick or they
may appear at addition time
Thursday night.
The production is. being put on
by the three Kiwanis clubs of the
area in order to further the pro-
gram of youth recreation and aid
to undeprivileged children.
AT the Kiwanian board meeting
held Monday night, officers re-
affirmed their Recommendation
that the new city building, adj
joining the fire station on East
Kennewick avenue, be used for
youth and recreational activities.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1948-01-15
Requests Aid on
New Post Office

Citing figures depicting the
steady growth of post office bust
ness, Kennewick Postmaster Rog-
er Records today made public
the text of his letter to Senator
William LANCER, chairman of the
senate committee on civil. service
Records letter was written in
reply to a request from Senator
LANCER that his committee be
given a statement of office equip
ment required to bring the Ken
newick post office up to full work.
ing efficiency.
"The present post office in Ken
newick Is a disgrace to any reput-
able business firm" Records fiat
ly stated. at Is completely in
adequate in every respect for
transacting the post office bust
ness and has been inadequate for
at least five years"
Commenting on his statement to
LANCER he contrasted the 1947
postage sale total of $45,135.68
with the previous years $4,000,
and referred to his records for
figures showing that the period
from January I to January IA,
1913 has Tailed $2,320.40 as COM
pared with the 1947 receipts of
$1,310.68.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1948-01-15
Enrolment Hits
Au-Iime Peak

The pupil population of the
Kennewick public schools stands
at an all-time high total of 2,458,
according to student count COM
pleted recently. ...as
The official enrolment tabula-
ton shows IS kindergarten stu
dents, 1,610 in the elementary
school; SIG in the junior high, and
322 in the senior high school.
Teaching loads of the "a ele-
mentary school teachers range
from So to 48 pupils per room.
OF the elementary staff, 26
teachers are schooling 40 or more
pupils. q
Additional teachers will be
hired and temporary classrooms
will be built as soon as possible,
according to Superintendent of
Schools E. S. Black, with the
objective of reducing teacher
loads to not more than 33 pupils
per room. &zsa
Included in the enrolment to-
tai are seven primary students
from Plymouth, who are brought
approximately 80 miles to school.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1948-01-15
Compton Sees
Local Project;
Support Pledged

Expressing a keen interest in
the Kennewick Irrigation pro-
ject and in the development of
the Columbia Basin, adjacent to
Pasco, DR.. Wilson Compton
pledged the full support of the
State College Of Washington in
the fullest development Of these
lands. DR.. Compton toured the
area Tuesday and spoke to 300
citizens Of the community at a
dinner in Pace. in the evening.
DR.. Compton predicted that the
proposed School of Irrigation
Agriculture" planned in connec-
don with the experiment station
at Prosser can make "a valuable
contribution to the states agri.
culture which he rescribed as
having a billion dollar poten.
tiaI."
The State College president
described plans for the expan.
CONTINUED on Page I'D
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1948-01-15
Red Cross Names
Russell cuiInan

E. c. Smith, chairman Kenne.
wick Branch, Benton county
chapter American Red Cross has
appointed Russell Gutman as
chairman of first aid and acct.
dent prevention. Gutman succeeds
Bill Reid who found it neces-
sary to resign this post because
of personal obligations. i
Gutman is we'll known locally
as a Red Cross first air instruc-
tor. He has assisted with the
PU.D. accident program. All
PU.D employees carry first aid
standard or advanced Red Gross
certifications. Gutman is start
ing off full steam ahead. He has
announced class of all men to
start Thursday evening January
Is at 1880 p. m. in the Red Cross
rooms in the j. c. Penney build
ing. The class will be two hours
an evening twice a week. Nights
will be arranged Thurs. evening
when enrolment takes place.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1948-01-15
Virgil Denneii
Dies, Victim Of
j racior Accident

Funeral services were held
Monday afternoon at the Mueller
funeral home chapel here for Vir-
gil bennett, 81, who died Mon.
day from injuries suffered when
his tractor ran over him.
Rev. Niles Fisher of the Bap-
fist church at Richland officiated
Rev. John Kopp of the Kenne-
wick Baptist church sang two
numbers accompanied by Mrs.
June Harris. Pallbearers were
Henry G. Leber, Clayton Hack
ney, Elmer Christensen, Merlin
Nelson, and Earl Ludwig. Bur-
ial was in Riverview Heights
cemetery, Kennewick.
He is survived by his wife.
Cora bennett; two daughters, RAJ
vena Helen, 3, and Patricia Rose,
4; his parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
William E. bennett. and an uncle
Clarence Leonard knight. all liv.
ing on Route 2.
On January 5, while working
in the field about four miles from
home, Virgils tractor got out of
control and the wheels passed over
his body. He was crushed and
rendered almost unconscious but
to walk to his home
and was then taken to a hospital
where he had been until his
death Monday. Physicians said
juries to his chest and back.
he suffered from serious injuries
to his chest and back.