davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-02-20

OUT Wflat klIlQ "a q PoA0o1 A
really is.
These tests, which few are able
to resist, are causing more misery
in this country than the income tax.
Every new one that comes out re-
veals to millions of us new chlnk
in our armor, new button missing
upstairs, a new trait which at any
moment might get us barred from
human society.
Why don't these test devisers let
sleeping citizens lie? Haven't they
ever heard my oft-quoted remark.
Ignorance Is bliss?
Took Husband Test.
How many husbands could pass
those Are You a Good Husband
tests? Many husband has thought
he was a good husband until he
came up against one of those qui7zes
and found to his horror that he
would have made much better
lookout for the Dillinger gang than
a mate to some dear, sweet girl I
we'll remember the first time I put
myself through the Are You Good
Husband PAGES. I felt so remorse-
full for ever having asked Q woman
Evening star., 1948-02-20

to share her life with me that it was
all I could do to keep myself from
going to the corner drugstore and
killing myself with banana splits.
Another popular test torture is
the one that probes into a mans
fund Of general acknowledgements
raphy, politics, personalities, music,
and heaven knows what not. I
know a man who was a general
manager of a general store who took
the general fund Of knowledge test
and was so embarrassed by his poor
score that he had a general break
down. He quit his job and is now
enrolled in a school for backward
children, and they tell me he is
afraid to bring his report card home
to his wife and grown children.
Admits Being Idiot.
Those vocabulary tests have un-
done some mighty fine citizens, too.
There is no telling how many men,
who felt that they were doing all
right in life and getting along fine
with the world. learned through a
vocabulary test that they didn't
have any more command Of the
language than a stunned monkey,
and, as a result, developed infe-
riority complexes longer than Nc. /
highway.
Frankness forces me to admit that
this column is being written by a
blithering idiot-one who should
now be sharing room and board
with Napoleon and one of those
fellows who insists that a bridge be
built across the Atlantic. I just fin
ished taking test to determine the
extent of my sanity, and I didn't t
pass a single question. I'm not just
kind of crazy, according to the test.
I'm stark, raving mad. I haven't
decided yet as to what I think
am. but think I think I'm a dough-
nut.
Hole in onel
Whee!
Distributed by McNausht Syndicate, Inc. J
Evening star., 1948-02-20
Jackson Dinner Glum
Wallace Victory Not Easily Thrown Off
And Some Southerners Stay Away

Nor did other speakers in their
prepared addresses attempt to exor-
else the omnipresent ghost of Henry
Wallace. But the ghost was having
his day in the hotel lobbies and
rooms where the big shots gathered
to tell each other the truth.
The President is represented as
shocked and surprised by the mag
nitude of Mr.. Wallace's victory
Tuesday. Politicos insist they had
forewarned him of trouble; actually
everybody including the victors were
amazed at its extent.
Other Splits Noticeable.
Other party divisions had COM
bined to distress the dinner. Mrs.
Olin Johnston, wife Of the Senator
from South Carolina, chose to
dramatize the civil rights issue
She announced she wouldn't attend
the dinner she had helped arrange
because National Chairman Nc
Grath would not promise that her
South Carolina guests wouldn't
have to sit near Negroes.
Gov. Thurmond Of South Caro-
lima, who plans to run against Sen
ator Johnston for the Senate in
1850, announced he wouldn't come
either Thus the Truman appease-
ment of the South-civil rights were
omitted from his prepared speech
went for naught.
The feeling over the invitation
to former national chairmen, in
Guiding the anti Roosevelt James A.
Farley and Jouett Shouse, to share
the Truman limelight has aroused
a three-way squabble.
The Roosevelt New Dealers are
irked. The Truman circle took a
dim view of it in view of the vir-
tual certainty that Mr. Farley would
get an ovation. A Farley wing is
exacerbating the other two factions
by talking about Farley taking over.
There is considerable feeling, too,
manifested over Mr.. Shouse's ap-
pearanoe - that former Liberty
Lacquer and Roosevelt-hater never
actually held the title Of national
chairman, though he did direct
party affairs for a time. He has
also made speeches predicting Mr.
Truman's defeat.
Evening star., 1948-02-20
TheG Great GameOfPOlitiCS
Filibuster May Defeat Civil Rights Bills
Despite Wooing of Minority Voters

be wiped out by State or Federal
law, and every such foolish effort
only intensifies prejudice and in
tolerance, creates disrespect for
law and is itself an intolerant VIOLA
ton of individual liberty"
Assuming that every like or dis
like based on race, color or re-
ligion is unreasonable and unfair
and that such prejudice should be
eliminated from human thinking,
Mr.. Richberg argues that, neverthe-
less, it Is neither right nor con-
stitutional for the government OF
a free people to attempt to pre-
vent men and women in business or
social life from acting in accord
with their prejudices. To do so is
to strike at the very roots of indi-
vidual liberty and to make a joke
of the freedom Of an American
citizen to select his personal COM
panions and business associates be-
cause of his individual tastes and
judgment.
14SeAAky DAS <AAs
Political equality in the right to
vote, in the administration of JUS
tice and in the rendering of public
services is due all citizens. But, un-
less government is to destroy the
economic system of competitive
freedom and a social system of free
association, it cannot undertake tc
level down the inequalities that
result from differing abilities and
opportunities nor interfere with the
voluntary selection Of ones asso-
ciates in work or play. The catchy
slogan Of the civil rights hysteria
Mr.. Richberg asserts Is equality,
though the declared purpose Of the
Constitution was not to achieve an
impossible equality among unequal
human beings but to secure the
blessings of liberty" so that men
could be free to be different and to
realize their differing ambitions
with their differing abilities. .~-
Every law, contends Mr.. Rich
berg, which gives a man a right
to something which as free man
he cannot gain for himself. imposes
restraints upon the freedom oi
other men. 1--WE may" he contends
reasonably tax the fortunate to aio
the less fortunate; to protect the
right Of every citizen to equal par
ticipation in government and equal
treatment by government, and to
restrict those who heedlessly or
ruthlessly injure others in the pur-
suit of selfish gain. But let us be
watchful against laws creating a
right in one man to compel others
to associate with him or to accept
obligations to him in the domain OF
private enterprise or private life.
Let us realize that freedom of asso-
citation in work or play is the most
precious of our liberties" All Of
which seem exceedingly sound
observations.
Evening star., 1948-02-20

actment of a Frank R. Kent.
Federal Fair Employment Practices
Act, prohibiting all forms of dis
elimination in private employment,
based on race, color, creed or ma
tional origin"
Always, with a majority against
them, the Southern Democrats have
prevented the enactment of these
proposals at previous sessions. Be-
cause 1948 is an election year and
both parties are exceedingly anx-
ious to attract the large groups OF
voters against whom "discrimina-
ton" is claimed, it will be more
difficult this time. But the effort
will be a determined one and may
again be successful. In any event
the fight will be bitter and pro-
l1onged and more than the usual
amount of bad feeling will be en-
gendered.
1t will be alleged-and correctly
that the motive back of the fill
buster is the deeply rooted unwill'
ingness in the South to accept for
the Negro the doctrine of social
political and industrial equality, SO
ardently advocated by the left
wing elements and acquiesced in
solely for reasons Of political ex-
pediency by the politicians in both
parties above the Mason and Dixon
Line. However, the truth Is that nc
other legislation with which Con-
gress deals breeds among its sup
porters such hypocrisy and insin-
cerity. A considerable number OF
Senators and Representatives an
nually vote for this legislation, dis
believing in it altogether and hop
ing it will not prevail.
Political Suicide Feared.
Afraid to express opposition lest
they be accused of being anti
Semitic or inspired by race preju-
dice, some of these men have stulti-
fed their judgment and smothered
their consciences year after year
filled with the dread that to do any
thing else inevitably meant politi-
cal suicide 1t is possible-but not
likely-that at this session such
men may find, in an article in The
Star recently by Donald r. Richberg,
ground for regaining their self
respect and freedom to vote their
convictions. This is the second time
Mr.. Richberg has written on the
subject. He, Democrat and former
New Dealer, characterizes the re-
port of the Presidents Committee
on Civil Rights as an honorable
example of civil rights hysteria,
and probably the most mischiev-
GUS document since Marx and
Engels produced the Communist
manifesto 100 years ago."
The committee declares 1--WE can
tolerate no restrictions upon the
individual which depend on ir-
relevant factors such as race, color
religion or social position to which
he was born" Says Mr.. Richberg
Race and color may seem irrele-
want to the committee, yet differ
ences of race and color have di-
vided mankind for centuries. They
may fade in time but they cannot
Evening star., 1948-02-20

TWO proposals OF
the Presidents
Committee on
Civil Rig h t S,
both Of which
already are in
the form of bills.
The first pro-
vides for "the
elimination of
S e g r e 6 a t / o n
based on race,
color, creed or
national origin
from American
life" The sec
ond urges "en-
Evening star., 1948-02-20

targets. But I do
know that some
thing should be
done a b o u t
t h e m - some
thing drastic.
refer to those
& e n t ! e m e II,
mostly doctors
of one kind or
another, who are
forever devising,
and selling to
newspapers and
magazines. those
tests which a
man can take
himself and find
Evening star., 1948-02-20

| he on
demned man ate
a hearty din
ner."
1t W as t h e
m cd Of h e
occasion. Despite
the fact tn a t
shrewd and ag-
gressive p a n
ming, chiefly by
M r S. P e r ] e
M e S t a, h a d
netted two BAN
quet rooms full
of diners which
meant the merry
tinkle of $780,
Evening star., 1948-02-20

either as foolish
or eccentric. Yet,
this is exactly
what we are do
ing in China.
After long de-
lay and a con-
siderable a amount
Of prodding by
Congress, t h e
a d m in istration
on Wednesday
requested SS70,-
000,0 900 for relief
to China. In a
special message
to gr e S S,
n~oe;Jn~$ r~,
Evening star., 1948-02-20

should be on the lookout for mill
tary attack by Japan anywhere at
any time"
All Concur In Estimate.
There was a moment OF silence
Then the President went around the
cabinet, asking each member his
opinion. AL concurred in my estt-
mate Of the dangers.
The cabinet then agreed that the
critical situation should be empha-
sized in speeches by high onicials
so "a better to prepare the country
at large for such development.
During the next few days the Presi-
dent, Secretary Knox and Under
secretary Welles delivered emphatic
addresses along this line.
Although Nomura continued to
offer protestations Of Japan's peace
full intentions, the intercepted mes
sages that flowed to my desk told
another story. -
On November Is Ambassador Sa-
buro Kurusu arrived in Washington,
and on November II Nomura
brought him to my ofIice. Kurusu
seemed to me the antithesis OF No
mura. Neither his appearance nor
his attitude commanded confidence
or respect. I felt from the start
that he was deceitful.
The purpose In sending him to
Washington was an alternative one.
In the first place he was to use
all pressure and persuasion possible
to induce us to accept Japan's terms.
In the second place, If that failed,
he was to lull us with talk until
the moment Japan got ready to
strike.
Nomura Delivers Message.
Nomura, on bringing Kurusu to
me, handed me q statement from
his government which answered in
the affirmative our request for con-
firmation by the TOTO cabinet OF a
series of points already made by
the Konoe cabinet.
After a short conversation I ac-
companied both Ambassadors
across the street to the White
House for a conference with the
President. The situation could not
have been more tense. Only the
previous day Nomura had received
from Foreign Minister Togo q mes
sage confirming the deadline Of NO
vember IS. I had 1t also through
an intercept,
I'm, your opinion" 1t said, 1--WE
ought to wait and see what turn
the war takes and remain patient
However, I am awfully sorry to say
that the situation renders this Out
of the question. I set the deadlins
for the solution Of these negotiation
= and there will be no change
Please try to understand that. Yor
see how short the time is; there.
fore do not allow the United States
to sidetrack us and delay the nego-
tiations any further. Press them fol
a solution on the basis Of our pro-
posals, and do your best to bring
about an immediate solution"
It was therefore ever more a case
of signing on the dotted line OF
taking the consequences.
Neither in that White House con-
versation nor in those that followed
during the next three days among
Nomura, Kurusu and myself did the
new envoy advance any new pro-
posal.
Crisis at Hand.
Intercepted messages from Tokyo
were now proving beyond all doubt
that the crisis was at hand. Nomura
received instructions concerning the
evacuation Of Japanese from the
United States. He received a new
code whereby, through listening tc
the daily Japanese language short
wave news broadcast, he would know
from a mention Of the direction
of the wind, whether diplomatic
relations were about to be broken
Evening star., 1948-02-20
McLemore
Tests You Take Yourself
Put Millions in Misery
By Henry McLemore

I don't know whether they should
be imprisoned, deported, made to
milk a COW from the wrong side, or
just taken out and set up as archery
Evening star., 1948-02-20
Bv Doris FIeeson

AS President Truman dived into
his Jefferson jackson diamond back
terrapin soup, one of the more
candid realists present murmured:
Evening star., 1948-02-20
Bv Constantine Broscn

Any one who moves new bedroom
and dining room furniture instead
Of f1re-f1ghting equipment to- a
burning house would be regarded
Evening star., 1948-02-20
Bv Frank K. Kent

Before this session of Congress
is over there will be another organ
ized filibuster on the part of South
ern Democratic Senators against
Evening star., 1948-02-20

election to dispel
Evening star., 1948-03-31
By Thomos R. Henry

Experimental prediction of 81
days each year which should bt
substantially warmer than the
average. In accordance with periodic
fluctuations in the radiation output
Of the sun, has generally proved
successful, DR.. Charles G. Abbot
former secretary Of the Smith.
sonian Institution, says.
DR.. Abbot's three-year practice
which he is continuing this year
is to make his predictions some
time in January and check them q
year later against actual tempera
lures. While unforeseen phenom.
ena some times throw the predic.
tions off for few days, DR.. Abbot
points out, the general results seer
to sustain the validity Of the un.
derlying theory.
The solar radiation varies con.
siderably from day to day, DR.. Alb.
bot says, in accordance with about
Is cycles. Although, very compli.
Gated, these cycles can be pre-.
dicted and it probably would bs
easy enough to forecast tempera.
lures If the earth had no at.
mosphere. Once the radiation
strikes the atmosphere about 10t
miles above the earth, however, Z
host of complications arises.
There are three major component!
of solar radiation-visible light, ex.
tremely short and invisible ultra.
violet rays, and long, invisible infra.
red or heat rays. Neither the ultra.
violet nor heat waves have much
effect in heating the earth. Ths
ultraviolet, however, changes tn.
Evening star., 1948-03-31

works, Government officials re-
ported privately today. Ten were
withdrawn on March 20.
In addition, WAA now Is surveying
its list of Army camps, naval sta
tions and airfields to be ready to
freeze" their disposal in case the
armed forces want to put them back
in service.
This survey was started after
Mr.. Truman asked Congress fol
universal military training ane
temporary draft which woulc
put thousands of new trainees ir
service.
$50 Posts Declared Surplus.
A WAA spokesman said the
agency could halt within "a hours
the process of selling and disman.
tling the military posts. More thar
$50 have been declared surplus
One third of these had been dis.
posed of by mid-1947 and others
have been partly torn down te
salvage housing materials.
The Munitions Board is expected
to send new step-orders late this
week" suspending the sale of ord.
nance plants, it was learned. The
board, headed by Thomas J. Har.
grave, plans the purchase of arms
and supplies for the Army, Navy
and Air Force.
Mr.. Hargrave announced yester-
day the board soon will start ques.
tioning the owners of 1000 civilian
factories to determine what mill.
tary items they Gan produce in case
of emergency.
Evening star., 1948-03-31
Shipper
Continued From First Page.

tude. They seem to thrive on Air
Force chow and treatment. When
1t comes to jumping, no Air Force
dog can be accused of being hold
out.
Tobruk is trail dog. one of the
kind that is vital to the territory
Yet he has not fought it out with
Hero, who has 5000 hours over the
Aleutians with the 54th troop car
rier squadron. Hero owns green
ticket which says he is able to make
an instrument landing anywhere ir
the Aelutians. He is an authority
on food from one end of the chain
to the other. He had scraps o1
T-bone in Anchorage and some K
rationS in Shemya on the last trip
on the chain.
The other day, Hero really showed
them under at Adak. He arrived iI1
a four-engined C-54. Sitting in the
pilots seat he had on his head set
throjo and Mae West. When the
spoilers started waving the big
ship into place, an Eskimo STARED
incredulously.
80 they have dogs flying them
now," he said. - aid,
Evening star., 1948-03-31
Draft
Continued From First Page.)

wide protest by millions of Negroes
probably would cause terrorism
against the Negroes"
Says 1t is Price to Pay.
sI think that's a price we have -te
pay to get our democratic rights,
Mr.. Randolph added.
Then the doctrine of treason
would be applied to those participant
ing in that civil disobedience,
Senator Morse said. -~ 49,
Mr.. Randolph said Negro leaders
would plan no overt acts. He said
they would limit their protest tc
fnonparticipation and nonco-opera-
ton. 80.
Senator Morse suggested MIR
Randolph and other Negro leaders
reconsider legal results Of their plan
He expressed doubt they could con-
troi the situation. He said members
of the race would be aiding and
abetting the enemy In time of en-
ergency or war.
Baldwin, Gurney Agree.
Senators Baldwin and Gurney
said they agreed with Senator
Morse that Negroes might. find
themselves "up against a charge OF
treason"
Il question the wisdom of your
course" Senator Baldwin said. II
think you will do your cause more
harm than good. One of the duties
of citizenship is to bear arms against
the enemy when called upon to do
so. Refusal involves serious con-
sequences.
Senator Gurney reminded the
Negro leaders they had been given
complete hearing beyond the time
allotted them.
Grant Reynolds, New York State
commissioner of correction, said he
would follow any program proposed
by Mr.. Randolph including civil
disobedience" Mr.. Reynolds is
chairman of the Committee Against
Jim-Crow In Military Service and
Training.
Mr.. Reynolds delivered a bitter
1AA0 liPaoSIO1lCO SO1tCA1lCllC d6dl1lot
segregation in the armed forces. He
was an Army chaplain during the
war.
Others Ask End of Segregation.
Other spokesmen for the Negro
race also called on the committee to
adopt provisions in any draft or
UNIT acts to end segregation.
Truman K. Gibson of Chicago, q
member of President Truman's ad-
visory Committee on UNIT, testified
weak America is an open invita-
ton to aggression by Russia.
Mr.. Gibson supported Mr.. Tru-
mans military proposals. While he
said the program must make use Of
all citizens without regard to race,
he took issue with Mr.. Randolph's S
warning that Negroes would refuse
to bear arms.
Senator Russell, Democrat, of
Georgia complimented Mr.. Gibson
on his statement, and added:
1T may be an odious comparison,
Evening star., 1948-03-31

blameworthy than those Of the
United States. Mr.. Wallace said he
was mot trying to justify anybody
but Just state facts"
The United States abruptly
changed its military policy toward
Russia after the death of President
Roosevelt because the military took
control"
No Menace to u. s., He Says.
Russia has too much sense" to
move farther west than she already
has gone. Therefore, she is not a
menace to the United States.
But Mr.. Wallace warned that I'll
we continue to expand our armed
forces, Russia will 60 all out to
arm herself"
Instead of advocating UNIT and
the draft, Mr.. Wallace said, the
armed services should: Improve
the pay and conditions of enlisted
men. Improve relations between
officers and men. Abolish all forms
Of discrimination which keep ou:
thousands of Negro recruits"
Evening star., 1948-03-31
Study of Suns Radiation Aids
Long-Ronqe Weather Forecasts

oxygen OF the upper atmosphere i1tt
ozone which tends to block of heaI
rays.
Among the more recent findings
still awaiting confirmation, DR.. Alb.
fbot says, is that the solar radiation
fluctuations are by far the creates,
for the extremely short ultraviolet
rays. They may vary several hun
dred per cent.
The result is that two ozone
blankets are formed high in the
amount Of the short ultraviolet rays
If it were not for these blankets al
life on earth soon would perish un-
der terrible ultraviolet ray bonn.
bardnent. ~
A major effect OF variations In the
thickness of these blankets is tc
prevent not only heat from coming
through from the sun, but to pre-.
vent the very long heat waves ra-
dated by the earth back into space
from escaping. This, DR.. Abbot be-
lieves, may turn out to be the major
factor in temperature variations
from day to day.
1t is planned to publish the re-
suits after they have accumulated
for several years.
The cycles vary for each locality.
DR.. Abbot confines his predictions
to the City Of Washington and
vicinity. Special studies would be
necessary to apply them to other
localities.
In general, temperatures here, DR..
Abbott says, follow six-day cycle
For 194S DR.. Abbot has just pre-
d1cted the probable "wettest days.
the days when greater precipitation
| than average can be expected.
Evening star., 1948-03-31
Sidney 5. Alderman T
Honored by France

Sidney s. Alderman, 2f0l Con;
necticut avenue NV, general coun-
sci of the Southern Railway System
here, yesterday was awarded the
rank of chevalier of the French
Legion of Honor by Ambassador
Henri Bonnet at a ceremony in the
French Embassy.
The honor was in recognition o.
Mr.. Alderman's efforts in promoting
French relief and cordial relation.
between the French and American
governments. .
Mr.. Alderman, on leave from
Southern Railway in 1945 and 1916
participated in the prosecution o1
Nazi war criminals at Nuremberg al
special assistant to the Attorney
General and assistant to Supreme
Court Justice Robert H. jackson
A native of Greensboro, N. C.
Mr.. Alderman has been with the
railway since 1925. He was gradu-
ated from Trinity College (noW
Duke University in 1913 ano
studied at the Sorbonne in Paris.