davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-05-13
Forced to Work

When Alvanley Johnston, head of the
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, says
that I'VE were forced to work-We have
complied with the restraining order" he
conveys the impression that compulsion
and compulsion alone will keep the rail-
roads running in this country.
If this is his attitude he is doing a
disservice to his own union and to all
unions. For compulsion, exercised by the
Government, is not going to be good
thing for anybody, and least Of all for
unions.
Unfortunately. however the indications
are that compulsion is going to be neces-
sary. Whatever Mr.. Johnston may have
intended by his words, his acts and those
of his associates make one thing clear:
Free collective bargaining has broken
down as a means of settling disputes in
some vital industries. And it has broken
down, certainly in the case of + railroads,
because of responsibility ne part of
the leadership of the three Drotherheods
whose strike threat forced Government
seizure of the roads. If these disputes
cannot be settled under existing law-and
this particular dispute has not yet been
settled-then it follows that new legisla-
tion is necessary.
The form it should take is something
that should be studied carefully. 1t has
been suggested that the railroads be
brought under the Taft-Hartley law But
it is difficult to see any real solution in
that move, for the most that it could
accomplish would be to delay a railroad
strike for 80 days. There is more promise
in the report that Senators Taft and Ball
are agreed on the need for compulsory
arbitration when voluntary collective bar
gaining between the carriers and the
unions fails.
Compulsory arbitration can be expected
to prove distasteful to both parties. But
when representatives of unions represent
ing about 10 per cent of the railroad
workers capriciously rejected the recon-
mendations of fact-hnding board, what
alternative is there? 1t is the public
interest which has to prevail, and if union
leaders will not respect this interest the
Government will have to safeguard it.
Evening star., 1948-05-13
Cabbage Is Just CABBAGE

Representative Gross of Pennsylvania is
right. The Department of Agriculture had
a lot of nerve to undertake the teaching
of thrifty food habits to- of all people, the
Pennsylvania Dutch That is like trying
to teach Einstein the multiplication table.
Mr.. Gross knows whereof he speaks.
His biography in the Congressional Direc-
tory says he comes from "a typical farm
family" in York County. The typical farm
family thereabouts does not need any
advice from Washington on how to eat
economically and heartily. AS Mr.. Gress
Indignantly told his colleagues in the
House, the cellars in and around York and
Lancaster Counties are used for something
more than rumpus rooms. They are
equipped with shelves laden with home
preserved vegetables, fruits and meats.
The good housewives can these delectable
foods during seasons of plenty and use
them when fresh market supplies are
scarce.
Particularly ill-advised was the Agri-
sulture Departments suggestion to Penn
vlvania Dutchmen that they eat more
Evening star., 1948-05-13
1t Should Have Its Chance

The Home-Rule bill ought to have its
day in court. 1t ought to be tested in
the cross fire of House debate. Its raml-
fications in government of the District
ought to be fully and publicly explored.
It should not be suffocated by committee
inaction.
That, The Star believes, is fair state
ment of the sentiments Of majority OF
the House Rules Committee. 1t believes
the Rules Committee will grant the neces-
sary rule. The committee should not be
criticized for the delay in reaching its
decision. It's reasons for doing so are
understandable.
The bill itself is complex document,
173 pages long. 1t amends the rules OF
the House and Senate. The Rules Com
mittee has exclusive jurisdiction over the
House rules and its members should under
stand the precise meaning of the changes
proposed as we'll as the motive behind the
changes. After two sessions, interrupted
by quorum calls, with time given to op-
ponents of the bill as we'll as it's supporters,
some of the changes remain to be clarified.
If the postponement Is to give members
more opportunity to famliarize themselves
with the changes in the rules alone, the
postponement should be worth while.
The Star hopes that this is the case and
that the delay Is not obstructionism.
Chairman Allen has been most reasonable
and fair in his own attitude and 1t is
shared by members on both sides. So much
work has gone into preparation of this
bill it has been so carefully reviewed by
the technicians, 1t represents so important
a principle that it deserves the opportunity
for full debate and the sort OF considera-
ton that only debate can provide. Even
the members of the Rules Committee who
do not favor the bill should vote for its
consideration by the House.
Evening star., 1948-05-13
Letters to The Star
The Crippled Children Dispute

The Crippled Children Dispute
To the Editor Of The Star:
feel compelled to write a letter in answer
to the one written by Mrs. Mary Piver regard
ing the society for crippled children. I can't
help but feel that Mrs. Piver wrote her letter
more as the wife of a board member and less
as the parent of a handicapped child
Parents who are vitality affected by the out
come OF this controversy have been accused of
"meddling in" and "gossiping about" something
which is not our concern. Surely, the parents
of handicapped child have more interest in
their treatment and rehabilitation than .
group Of totally disinterested insurance sales
men and real estate brokers. In the letter
which have referred to above, the writer
upholds the benevolent qualities of the board
of directors. It Is questionable whether some
of these members serve on this board for
heartfelt reasons or for the purpose OF being
intelligent and outstanding businessmen who
can see the advantages of prominently attach
ing their names to a letterhead distributed to
more than 100000 people. ! suggest that The
Star request the attendance records of some
Of these board meetings and let the public
Judge for itself how many of these members
are truly interested in the crippled child. I
would also like to suggest that an inquiry be
made into the lack Of use Of one OF the finest
consulting services ever offered a society OF
this type, to see whether or not the executive
secretary and the board of directors have
utilized or even encouraged this service prior
to the investigation brought about by these
"meddling and lazy parents"
have investigated the services offered by
both Gallinger and Children's Hospitals and
have found that these hospitals do not employ
any cerebral palsy-trained therapists. The
week following Miss Norris dismissal I was
assured by the president of the board OF
directors that. several applications were being
considered and that could rest assured that
the treatment of my child would not be
neglected by the society. That was two and
one-half months ago, and up to the present
time have not been notified that therapist
has been employed
The situation which now exists is not new.
1t does net begin with the dismissal Of Miss
Louise Norris the physiotherapist, nor does 1t
end there. I wish 1t did These so-called per-
sonality conflicts have existed before and are
continuing and will continue unless the leader
ship is changed. The unmistakable evidence
Of the lack Of leadership is in the fact that
this dreadful situation exists. The stan has
not been allowed to coordinate their activities
and teamwork seems to be discouraged by
the executive secretary,
Day after day I saw children refused
therapy treatment because less important
activities were given precedence. To call the
present situation = clash of personalities Is
incorrect. II the board Of directors had
granted the parents and the stan members
the privilege Of coming before them in an
open meeting to discuss this unfortunate
situation ~ they requested two months aso,
Evening star., 1948-05-13
ItoIy's New President

The significance of the designation OF
Luigi Einaudi as the first President of the
Italian Republic should be clearly under
stood on this side of the Atlantic. In the
first place, he was not elected by popular
vote but by the combined Senate and
Chamber of Deputies, sitting as a single
body for this purpose. Secondly, his ex-
ecutive powers are far less than those OF
our President. Like most chief executives
of states with the parliamentary system
of government, whether they be Presidents
or constitutional monarchS, he "reigns
but does not govern" Besides certain
honorific attributes, the Italian President
usually ratifles the decisions made by the
cabinet, which, in turn, is dependent for
it's continued existence upon majority
in the Chamber
However, this does not mean that the
President is a mere flgurehead or that
his personality Is a matter OF indifference.
The presidency is invested with dignity
and prestige and requires man of char
acter and experience. Such qualiflca-
tions are met In the new President Luigi
Einaudi has behind him q long and dis
years of life internationally known as an
economist. he was likewise active in Italian
political life during the pre-Fascist era,
and in 1919 he was elected a life member
of the Senate as a member of the Liberal
Party which opposed Mussolinrs Fascist
regime Finally exiled to Switzerland,
Einaudi was recalled after Italy's liberation
in World War II and played prominent
role in the countrys economic and po-
litical reconstruction. His most outstand-
ing service has been that of Minister of
the Budget in the provisional government,
just terminated, and it is to his wise
financial and economic measures that the
recent check to the indationary spiral is
largely ascribed. Such q man should be
we'll qualified to head his country during
the reconstruction epoch now in prospect.
Einaudi's election was not consummated
without vigorous competition. There were
several other contenders for the honor,
while the election itself offered scope for
elaborate maneuvering between the various
party groups represented in the Italian
Parliament The outcome Is considered
notable victory for the Christian Demo-
Evening star., 1948-05-13
Must the Kilt Go, Too?

A startling thing has been happening
In Scotland. According to a recent news
item, people over there have been pro-
testing against having to wear the kilt
because of an acute shortage of trousers.
In effect, they have been flying in the
face of one of their dearest traditions and
abandoning their proud and ancient de-
votion to national garb celebrated and
honored throughout the globe.
This melancholy development seems
particularly shocking in view of the STIR
ring nature of it's historical background.
In 1747, after the suppression of Prince
Charles Stuart's rebellion, England placed
complete ban on the Highland dress.
From then on, the wearing of the kilt
plaid or even a tartan-was made punish
able by imprisonment without bail for
six months; and, for a second offense,
transportation to any of His Majesty's
plantations abroad for seven years"
Needless to say, this iniquitous law met
with the bitter resistance of every Scot
who regarded 1owland breeks" as in
decent and unmanly. In the words of
one historian, Had the whole Highland
race been decimated, more violent
grief, indignation and shame could not
have been excited among them than by
being deprived of this long-inherited
costume" The result was, of course, that
the ban never got anywhere. In spite OF
the English, the Scots kept right on wear
ing the kilt, and 1t persists to this day.
How disturbingly strange, therefore, that
Scotland should now hear native protests
against such a famous and tradition-rich
garb. To be sure, the protests come from
Lowlanders, who have always looked
askance at their Highland cousins. To be
sure, too, the complainants justify their
position on the ground that they cannot
get jobs, climb ladders or work on scaf-
folding in the skirtlike garment. But
the justification seems specious. Certainly,
for outdoor activities-especially in hot
weather-the' kilt is better than long
pants in enough ways to make one
wonder why men everywhere do not wear
something like it.
In the circumstances, we must look for
something deeper to explain the extraor-
dinary Scottish protests. Perhaps the
thing is attributable to the upended
condition of the world. Customs and
attachments to the past are being broken
everywhere. The psychological ferment
and turmoil are global, and not even Scot
land seems immune. AS far as tradition
lovers are concerned, all this Is so very
saddening that one must hope that the
news reports have been wrong and that
the kilt-at least the kilt-will somehow
survive.
Evening star., 1948-05-13
Tragedy of Errors

There is no use crying over Lne milk
which has been spilled in our latest diplo-
matte exchange with the Russians. What
is done is done, and it is too late now to
repair the damage. But we ought to face
the fact that this affair adds up to a
diplomatic blunder on our part.
little more than week ago our Am
bassador in Moscow, General Smith, told
the United States is concerned, the door is
always wide open for full discussion and
the composing of our differences" But
that is not exactly what he meant. as the
President and Secretary Marshall have
had to explain.
We can say that the words of AmbaSsa-
dor Smith were not intended as an in
vitation to direct discussions, that they
were merely q sort of diplomatic pleas
antry We can say that Mr.. Molotov's
hands were not clean when he seized upon
those words and converted them into
Soviet propaganda weapon. We can say
that there Is nothing to discuss. that dis
cussions would be futile and perhaps
harmful until the Russians change their
hearts and come forward with concrete
proposals. And We can say that the United
Nations and its agencies supply the proper
machinery for settlement Of outstanding
issues between us and the Russians and
we are anxious to make 1t work.
But none OF these explanations, nor any
other, is going to soften the blow to the
hopes of people around the world. They
are not interested in explanations What
they want is settlement Of the differences
which threaten war, and it will be harder
now to convince them that we speak in
good faith when we say that these differ
ences cannot be composed merely by more
discussions with the Russians That is true
enough, but we have maneuvered ourselves
into position where the voice that will be
heard is not ours, but the voice of the
Communists and their allies. And the
Communists will point to the melancholy
record and say that 1t was the Russians
who accepted an apparent invitation to
discussions and that 1t was the United
States that closed the door.
That thing Of this sort could happen
is indicative of deplorable failure within
the administration to understand the pub
lie relations aspect OF an AFFAIR OF this kind.
The State Department has a public rela-
tions office. But apparently that office was
not consulted (neither were the British nor
the French), and it knew nothing about
Ambassador Smiths statement to Mr..
Molotov. A competent public relations
adviser could have foreseen and warned
against the possibility that Mr.. Molotov
advantage. But our top officials seem to
have been taken completely by surprise,
and were at loss, until almost forty-eight
hours later, for any firm statement of our
own position.
1t is too late now to retrieve the situa-
ton, and we will have to endure our
propaganda beating. But the experience
Is one which ought to have an eye-opening
effect. This tragedy of errors ought never
tn be repeated
Evening star., 1948-05-13
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

Q. When did women first color their finger
nails and wear them long?-J. D. G.
A. In the days Of Salome and Cleopatra
women stained their nails with henna. Under
the social regime Of the Chinese Empire.
fngernails worn several inches long and COW
cred with gold cases were symbol OF the
aristocracy, who did not have to work with
their hands.
@, What banner did Joan OF Arc use?-G. w.
A. Joan OF Arc herself designed her flag or
banner. It was made of white linen and
fringed with silk. On 1t was painted figure
of God holding the world in His hands, with an
angel kneeling at either side. The lilies of
France were dotted over the linen, and the
words Jesus Maria were inscribed.
@. What was the Burchard incident7-
H. C. p.
A. The Rev. g. D. Burchard. speaking from
the same political platform as the Republican
candidate for the presidency James @. Blaine.
on October 30, 1884, described the Democracy
as the party OF "rum Romantsm and rebel
lion" Blaine's failure to Offset the diatribe
cost him Irish support and the election
G. What was the name Of the ship that
carried the news of the admission OF California
as . State to the people on the West
Coast?-N s. H.
A. The news OF the admission OF California
as q State reached San Francisco by the
steamship Oregon on october 18, 1850. The
OREGON was one Of three steamships con-
structed for the route between Panama and
Astoria by way Of San Francisco.
Evening star., 1948-05-13
The Grown-ups

"When / was a child" he said,
lind he 1oas Jour
az used to scream and thump my head,
But / don't do that any more"
arm not child" he said,
fThe sophomorel
"Iu get my algebra In bed
litter the dance" and banged the door.
"I'm acting like d child" he said,
II ,pin not ,uorry any more.
at best. ne are d long time dend'
(He uds three scoreJ
YETZA GILLESPIE.
Evening star., 1948-05-13
IVA Steam Plant Again

JEAN DE LCZIER.
IVA Steam Plant Again
To the Editor Of The Star:
In your issue for May 8, Elton Kile attempted
to take issue with statements made by Lowell
Mellett in his column appearing on April a.
Mr. Kile's diatribe against the creation Of more
Twas shows that he failed to understand Mr..
Mellett's point. 1t was clear and, in my judg-
ment, correct.
Whether Mr.. Kile likes 1t or not, by success
sive Acts Of Congress, IVA has come to be the
sole source Of power supply for an area approx
imating $4,000 square miles. The growth OF
electricity use in the area has been remarkable
and it will necessarily continue as the pros
pefity OF the people is advanced. To keep pace
with the growth in use, IVA is requesting
funds to begin construction of steam plant
to provide more power for the people to use in
their homes and on their farms and in their
industries. without 1t, definite ceiling will
be placed on the development OF an area which
is just beginning to catch up with the rest Of
the country.
This Is the project the private power COM
panies are fighting. The steam plant Is re-
quired to meet the rising power requirements
Of Twas present power service area. 1t has
nothing in the world to do with Mf. Kile's
fears or power company apprehension that
iva will expand its territory or that similar
agencies will be created for other parts OF the
country.
From coast to coast this country is now
faced with q power shortage, due In large
measure to the lack OF vision and foresight
of the private power companies. They have
no shred OF responsibility for service In the
area they are now trying to injure.
The iva power system Is not subsidized
operation Mr. Kile ought to know that The
figures he used prove nothing. AL Twas net
income belongs to the Government. A part
of it is used to add to the facilities and
therefore to increase the future earning ca
pacity Of the wholly Government-owned sys-
TEN, But in addition to those funds "plowed
back" into the system, iva, out OF its earnings,
will repay in 40 years to the Federal Treasury
in cash the full amount Of Federal money
invested in power facilities. And the Federal
Government will still own the system.
Mr.. Kile somewhat surprisingly called Mr.
MelIett a "benefactor" Of the American free
enterprise system. think he was. For ne
was writing in defense Of the millions Of
dollars Of private investment In the Tennessee
Valley which seriously viii be 1eopardized II
the private power companies win this night
MORRIS LEWHLYN COOKE.
Evening star., 1948-05-13

Gratis and Premier de Gasperi, who will
undoubtedly form the new cabinet, because
Einaudi shares their theological point Of
view. The only drawback appears to be his
health, which is understood to be frail.
At any rate he now enters the presidency
for term OF seven years. They will be
notable years in Italy's national evolution.
Evening star., 1948-05-13

A Hollywood Adonis, cast as boxer, is
told by his physician he is too delicate for
such roles. We believe the packing in
dustry calls this the tenderized ham.
Evening star., 1948-05-13
Questions and Answers

reader can get the answer to any question
Of fact by writing The Evening Star Information
Bureau, 316 street NE, Washington 2. D. c.
Please inclose 3 cents for return postage
Evening star., 1948-05-13

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
vriter, although it is permissible for
Driter known to The Star to use
a nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1948-05-13

the society would not have deteriorated to 1t!
present deplorable state.
JEAN DE LOZIER,
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-12-31

ment following a meeting of
the board in Great Falls, Sun
day, December 26.
Besides arranging for the
two-day meeting, the MVA
board members also upped the
funds quota to be raised in Montana
from $4,000 to $4,000, on the as
sumption that this is the time for
an all out effort to put MVA cover
the top" To handle the fund drive,
the board appointed a 11-man fund
committee. This committee will be
composed of leaders from AFL, CLIO,
Montana Farmers Union, Veterans,
Independent business, professional
men; education, business and profess
sional women, railroad brotherhoods,
REA, and one from Cascade county.
Members of this committee will be
present at the two-day Helena meet
ing.
Aware of the stiff opposition pri-
vate power companies are already
putting up, and the Kickoff of
grass roots understanding" propa-
ganda campaign by the various pri-
vate operators, President Shipman
and the board authorized the print
ing and dissemination of an initial
100000 pieces of material to Mon
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-12-31
Report Shows Corporations
Pile Up Huge Reserves

Corporations must be buying more
and bigger "strong boxes" to ac-
commodate their accommodating piles
of cash. At least, that's the picture
conjured up by Securities and Ex-
change Commission report.
met working capital is cash, gov
eminent bonds and other assets
which are practically the same as
cash. 1t does not include the value
of the plants and equipment owned
by the corporations.
From $24,5O0,000,O00 in 1899,
the report shows corporations met
working capital went up rapidly
and steadily in the war and postwar
years to $60,400,0O0,0OO at the end
of September, 1947.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1948-12-31
FLU Livestock Has
Big Year

in a statement issued by Mr..
Wells, manager of the Flu Livestock
Assn, he asserts that more than SO
million pounds of grease has been
processed by their rendering plants
during the past year.
This is beginning into the proc
essing field where the largest savings
could be made for the growers and
feeders of livestock. Further ven
ture into processing depends mostly
upon the cooperation of growers
and feeders in supporting the coop
erative selling agencies and the
building of Coop outlets in the con-
sumner fields.
In this community you can help
by selling and shipping your live
stock through the Stockman's Coop
and the Flu Transportation trucks.
And then you should patronize the
Coop stores located in Lambert and
Sidney. These will eventually be
the outlets for the products of CO.
operative packing plants. In these
processes it will be possible to double
the savings on your farming opera
lions.