davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
lam Testifies For
Marshall Program

Washington IPA)-Seated be-
fore a group of the nations best
known Senators, Harvey Brown,
president of the International
ASSN of Machinists-unaffiliated,
last week told why his union un-
qualifiedly supports the European
Recovery Program. He made it
clear that the Machinists want the
full Marshall plan, not some whit
tled-down relief measure.
After warning that the U. S.
economy is dependent upon healthy
world trade Brown pointed out that
! if America permits totalitarianism
to spread we will have to convert
our own country into "a virtual
armed camp"
He said that the first act OF
both Communists and Fascists Gin
defeating a free democratic system
is to destroy the free trade unions.
They are then free to spread their
philosophy of despair and thus en-
slave the working peoples hope of
feeding and clothing their families
under a free, democratic SYSTEM"
Brown emphasized that "relief
is not enough" He said that Sec
retary Of State Marshal's recon-
mendation of SOS billion appro-
priation was arrived at after care
full study, and that the Machinists
believe the reducing it "could very
easily change the entire program
from one of recovery to relief"
Cautioning Congress against at
taching restrictive conditions to
ERP, the Machinists' president said
"in helping the people to avoid to-
talitarian rule, we must not bring
them under U. S. rule either politi-
cally or trade-wise. We must not
try to impose upon those whom we
seek to help conditions which will
deny them the right to their freely
determined way of life or cause
them to reject our aid as a tool of
political or social Imperialism"
Concluding his testimony, Brown
said that the Administrations bill
provided a workable plan for Eu-
ropean recovery as it would encour-
age production and monetary stab
ility within the recipient nations,
as we'll as fostering greater cooper
alton between them.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
Building Apprentices
Set Another New High

Washington, ID. c. QLNS) =
Continued good cooperation be-
tween contractors, unions, state and
federal apprenticeship agencies
brought the number of apprentices
employed Dec. l in the building
trades to another all-time high,
112,221, the Apprenticeship Train
ing Service, U. S. Department OF
Labor, said here.
The Dec. / total, which was COM
piled from 5,949 reports from all
parts of the country but does not
represent complete coverage, is a
2.3 per cent increase over the lO9,-
TIT listed by ATS Nov. 1. All the
trade groups showed an increase
during November except the cleo
trical trades, which showed a
slight decrease.
The woodworking trades, which
are in the lead, also showed the
greatest increases during Novem-
Der, when more than 1,400 appren-
tices were added to bring the total
up to 41,065. A breakdown Of the
number of apprentices in training
Dec. / in the other building trades
in the area reported follows:
Pipe trades, 1896; electrical
trades, 16,937; trowel trades, l5,-
479; painting trades, 1867; sheet
metal trades, 1929; other building
trades, 4,778.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
AFL Patternmakers
Gain Separate Unit

Washington, D. C.-The Nation
al Labor Relations Board will soon
establish a separate bargaining
unit for a group of AFL pattern
makers who voted to split away
from the CIO industrial type union
which had bargained for them.
In an election conducted by the
NLRB at the Cleveland plant of the
Westinghouse Electric Company,
Is of the 10 patternmakers employ
ed expressed a preference for the
separate unit.
George @. Lynch, president of
the Patternmakers, League, said
that the balloting vindicated fight
he has carried on for 13 years with
the NLRB.
81 have always been confident"
he declared, "that some day Con-
gress and the courts would see the
fairness of the stand taken by
those like myself who believe that
the crafts have a right to their
own bargaining units.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
Should We Ban Comreds From Ballot

principles. This first step might
seriously undermine the freedoms
of other groups. There will be a
feeling of 1--WE may be next" among
liberal organizations which will not
be conducive to the continuation
of the tradition of free discussion
which has made our country great.
The hysteria of which the Presi-
dents Committee speaks will be
immeasurably increased, and in at
tempting to eliminate the Commun-
ist menace we may well have taken
the first step towards the very
totalitarianism which we are seek
ing to avoid.
1t has been of considerable as
sistance to the organizations fight
ing Communists within their ranks
to have an open and avowed Com
munist Party which has a publica-
tion setting forth the party line.
Through this guide post afforded
by the Communist Party it is pos
sible specifically to identify certain
policies and positions taken by GER
tain individuals as strictly party
line positions. We believe that the
lessons learned within labor unions
and within our own organization
clearly indicate the advisability of
keeping the American Communist
Party as much in the open as pos
sible.
We will not make democrats and
patriots of the present members of
the Communist Party by destroy
ing their organization as a political
entity. Their peculiar loyalties will
remain unchanged and their goal
will be unaltered. They will pur-
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
Profits Hit High
Mark But Labor's
Share Decreased

New York OPA)-The Tex
tile industry is now the most high
ly profitable manufacturing indus
try in the United States, in con-
trast to its pre-war position near
the bottom of the scale of Ameri-
can industries, according to study
released last week by the Textile
Workers Union.
The union research department
shows in its report how textile
profits have scared 1000 per cent
in the last eight years. "The in
dustry's total profits reached 81
billion in 1947," says the report,
due to exorbitant prices"
AS the profits rose, labor's share
of each sales dollar steadily de-
creased. 1t is profits, not wages,
which take the growing share of
the sales dollar, the union found.
In 1889 wages were 23.S per cent
of the dollar and now they are
only 20.2 per cent. This does not
include the huge profits made by
and distributors because
figures for these are not available.
"While corporate return on net
worth of all U. S. manufacturing
industries was 2S per cent last
year," the study points out, "the
textile industry's return was 47.6
per cent of net worth"
"The textile industry is endan
gering the national economy" the
union warns, "by a price-profit
philosophy aimed at reversing its
pre-war experience of low earnings
without regard to the risk of fore
ing consumers out of the market
duet to exorbitant prices"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
Su ubstantiaI Gains
Won By AFL Crafts
In Southern Drive

Atlanta (LPA) - Among AFL
unions reporting substantial gains
in the AFL's Southern organic
ing campaign in the Printing Press
mems q Assistants Union. During
the past two years the unions At
lanta wage scale has advanced 85c
an hour while a number of new
locals have been chartered.
The Upholsterers Int'l Union
has been particularly successful in
the Asheville, North Carolina, area.
During 1947, it won wage increases
averaging 16c an hour for furni-
ture workers in one-time anti-union
Broadening its program to in
clude political action, the United
Textile Workers local in Rockmart,
Ga, elected one of it's Goodyear
Tire and Rubber Co. shop stewards
to the city council, and a local law
yer, Cecil Franklin, who has assist
ed in the locals educational pro-
gram as well as in the work of
Georgia Workers Education Serv-
ice, is now mayor.
Addressing labor-management
conference sponsored in
this city two weeks ago by the
GIVES, Carmen Lucia, AFL rep
said that in many
Southern communities blacklisting
against organizers is still the order
of union workers, and violence
of the day. She charged too that
complaints filed with the NLRB
are permitted to gather dust while
workers in despair move on to 9th
er jobs.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29

AS far back as November 1916,
the American Veterans Committee
"a assed resolutions opposing the en-
lance of members of the Commun-
lst Party and of fascist organiza-
tions into it's ranks. At its second
annual convention AVC's members
voted overwhelmingly to condemn
totalitarianism whether of the left
or right, and otherwise expressed
their opposition to the denial of
civil rights found under Communist
or Fascist regimes.
AVG feels that the activities of
totalitarians within its ranks will
be ultimately destructive of the
principles upon which the organi-
zation was founded, unless they are
vigorously opposed.
Two months ago AVG enthusias-
tically endorsed the report of the
Presidents Committee on Civil
Rights. The Presidents Committee
emphasizes that we must not allow
our opposition TO communism TO
betray us into excesses. The COM
mittee warns that public excite
ment about Communists" has gone
far beyond the dictates of "good
Judgment" and "calmness" of which
Justices Holmes and Brandeis
spoke. ga state of near-hysteria
now threatens to inhibit the free
dom of genuine democrats" the
report maintains.
| believe that we must bear this
warning in mind in considering leg
islation which would bar the Com
munist Party from the ballot. By
~outlawing the Communist Party
Ee shall be making severe
Sacrifice in our basic democratic
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
Rail Heads Endorse
Marshall Program

Washington (LPA)-The Rail
way Labor Executives Assn, an
alliance of the presidents of 20
Railroad Brotherhoods, joined 9th
er branches of organized labor this
week in a strong endorsement of
the Marshall Plan for rehabilita-
tion of western Europe.
At a meeting here, the associa-
tion declared, "the Marshall Plan
represents the one major construc-
tive proposal which has been Of
fered to help the war devastated
European economy on the road to
recovery"
"Such a program will inevitably
involve some sacrifices for the Am
erican worker and the country as
WHOLE" the association said. "But
American labor is ready to assume
whatever responsibilities are deem
ed necessary to reaffirm it's faith
in the democratic processes and
freedom to which it has so long de-
dicated its efforts"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
Gasoline Prices Threaten
Car Market Says Wdshburn

Milwaukee (ILNS). - Declaring
that the oil industry is threatening
to drive a great mass of the ma
tion's car owners out of the market
by charging higher and higher
prices for gasoline, and calling re
cent price raises unjustified, Lest
er Washburn, international presi-
dent of the ALL United Auto
Workers, took issue with oil COM
panies for rising gas prices and
what he termed their "inflationary
contributions"
Despite the fact that refineries
today are running at about 90 per-
cent capacity, prices today are
equal to the highest they have ever
been by the time gas taxes are
added, Washburn said.
Squeezed between higher origin
al purchase costs of cars and the
higher and higher rising prices in
the cost of gasoline, upkeep and in
surance, the average worker is
finding it is beginning to cost him
too much to run a car, the union
president said.
"That is not healthy condition
for a mass production market" he
continued, "and it may well be
that grave danger is now arising
that will seriously threaten the
automotive industry in the not too
distance future with all the attend
ant dire effects to the national
economy"
Sees Oil Companies Greedy
Washburn pointed out that the
cost of owning a car today is
"about equal to the cost of rearing
a child" and that the price index of
gasoline alone stands at 1886 per-
cent of the 1926 average. He
charged that the oil companies are
prices to rake in more doll
ars at the expense of the public al
though they are selling more gas
than they have ever sold before.
The daily output in 1947, he said,
at 5,S42,000 barrels was close to lO
percent over the 1945 wartime
peak.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29

sue their plans under other names
and in other guises, but their or
ganization will necessarily remain
intact.
Barring Of Communists from the
ballot is in no sense necessary to
protect the American people from
electing Communists or their adj
herents to office. The miserable
showing of the Communist Party
at the polls indicates the little sup
port which it enjoys from the Am
erican people.
The bill being considered by Con-
gress, M. r. 4482, is particularly
Objectionable in that it would bar
any party indirectly affiliated"
with the Communist. 1t is a known
fact, blazoned in the Daily Worker,
that the Communist Party supports
the candidacy of Henry Wallace.
AS this bill is worded, it is ques-
tionable whether the third party
would be entitled to, a place on the
ballot if it were passed. AVG is
non-partisan organization and
hence is supporting no candidates
in the 1948 elections, but we are
sure that the most bitter opponents
of Henry Wallace would prefer to
see him a defeated candidate in
fair election rather than ga martyr"
whose strength has never been test
ed.
Education, exposure, and count
er-organizations are the answers
to subversion; not repressive meas
ures which will be futile in achiev-
ing the desired result and will
wreak untold damage to the struc-
ture of American democracy.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
Companies Refuse
To Meet Mayor In
n. Y. Gable Strike

New York (LPA)-Bitteness is
increasing as New York's overseas
cable strike enters its fourth week
Both IT&T and Western Union
have refused to meet with union
representatives and a four-man
mediation committee named by New
York's Mayor William O'Dwyer.
Western Union based its refusal
to cooperate upon the failure of a
series of conversations with union
leaders from the American Com
munications Assn held in the of
fices of the federal Cancellation
services representative. 1t is re-
ported, however, that a visit to
Western Unions offices by the Ma
yor's appointees left them with the
impression that negotiations be-
tween the company and the union
will be resumed.
IT&T, parent company of three
of the struck firms, has filed a pc
tition with the NLRB demanding a
new certification election, and
claiming that AGA no longer rep
resents a majority of the cable
workers of two of its subsidiaries.
Kenneth Spillman, president of
the All-American Cable Employees
Ass'n-unaffiliated, which has coop
Grated with AGA in the strike, re-
iterated the unwillingness of his
union to enter separate negotia-
tions. ACA's President Joseph
Selly branded the company's move
"a vicious and hysterical attempt
at strike e-breaking" and called upon
the NLRB to reject the petition.
Selly also charged that an un-
named employee of the NLRB's N.
Y, office had advised the company
to make this move. Charles Douds,
NLRB regional director promptly
denied the allegation.
1t would appear that IT&T is
considering following the pattern
set by Remington Rand in upstate
New York when it broke off bar
gaining relations with the United
Electrical Workers when the NLRB
refused to conduct an election on
the ground that UE had not COM
piled with the Communist af-
fidavit provisions of the Taft
Hartley Act. AGA also is a non
complying union.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
Unions Urge Quick
Passage OF Civil
Rights Legislation

Washington (LPA)-High on the
list Of labor-supported bills are the
anti-lynching bill and anti-discrimi-
nation in employment legislation.
Both bills were begged down in
Senate committees last week de-
spite increasing labor and liberal
pressure for their enactment.
The Ives-Chavez bill is hidden be-
hind the iron curtain Of a sub
committee Of the Senate Judiciary
Committee. Two weeks ago a sec
ret session Of the subcommittee
heard final statements for and
against the bill. The Natl Council
for Permanent FEPC, which with
support Of both AFL and CIO has
spearheaded the fight for its pas
sage, expects that some report will
be forthcoming this week.
Evil genius of the subcommittee
considering the anti-discrimination
measure has been Sen. Forrest
Donnell of Missouri a southern
Republican.
Further back on the agenda is
the anti-lynching bill which would
make members Of lynch mobs liable
to 20 years in Jail and $4,000
fines. Negligent state law enforce
ment officials would be subject
to five years Imprisonment and
$4,000 penalties.
When Sen. Wayne Morse (R.,
Ore.), one of the three Republican
Senators who opposed Taft Hart
ley, appeared to testify for the
anti-mob rule bill, he was accused
by Mississippis Sen. Eastland of
trying to alter the Constitution" "
From Mississippi's Gov. Fielding
L. Wright, who was considered "the
most liberal candidate" in the re-
cent elections in that state, came
a threat to secede from the Demo-
cratic Party if it continues 70 favor
"anti-southern" legislation.
Altho Wright in his inaugural
address called for an end to his
states secret police force, he as
sured supporters that he intended
to defend "the southern system"
The south "will no longer tolerate"
he said, "being the target for legis-
lation which would not only destroy
our way of life, but would even
tually destroy the U. S."
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
UNIV Leader Cites
Mine Production,
hits Price Curbs

Washington (LPA) - Thomas
Kennedy, vice-president of the
United Mine Workers, last week
called the attention of the Senate
Banking & Currency Committee to
the impressive production of the
nations bituminous coal miners in
1947. Testifying against price con-
trolls for coal, which Interior Sec
reuary Krug recommended lasU
week, Kennedy maintained that the
high rate Of production makes con-
trolls on coal unnecessary.
Last year, Kennedy said, 620,-
100000 tons Of bituminous coal
were mined, 87,000,00O tons above
the 1916 figure. The feat was ac-
complished by 100000 miners work
ing seven-hour production day
one hour day less than the pre-
vious year Wages in the bitdmin-
Gus fields are $13.05 for an eight
hour portal-to-portal day.
Attacking Krug's proposal that
coal prices be controlled on the
ground that coal is in short sup
ply, Kennedy remarked: 'In view of
the fact that there is sufficient
coal to go around l don't know
why Mr.. Krug wants to control the
coal industry"
He said that only $1.10 to $2.35
depending on grade) has been add
ed to the price of coal at the pit
head as a result of last years
wage increase, and that the increas-
ed cost to consumers is made up
primarily Of higher freight charges
and middlemen's profits.
Price controls mean, in effect,
wage controls, Kennedy said, citing
his wartime experience on the War
Labor Board. The result is that
prices continue to rise while wage
rates are frozen, he insisted.
Asked by Sen. Glen Taylor 3D.,
who is sponsoring a bill
AOI AiilliiculdJc price COHIIOlS Oh
commodities, if he would
price controls on any COM
Kennedy replied that he
doubted if controls would be eff
fective in lowering prices, but
would certainly keep wages down.
Meanwhile, UNIV President John
L. Lewis refused to cooperate in
the workings even of the COP anti !.
bill authored by Sen. Rob-
ert A. Taft (R., Ohio. He rejected
an invitation from Interior Secre-
tary ]. A. krug to serve on the
coal industry advisory council which
is to work out voluntary indus
try agreement for ALLEGATION Of
coal where it is most needed. Lewis
questioned Krug's authority as well
as his ability, and said he could
imagine nothing more "anemic or
futile" than the advisory councils
giving Krug orders on coal distri-
button.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
NY Cable Strike
Leader Arrested

New York (LPA)-Nine leaders
of the strike against the IT&T and
Western Union cable systems were
arrested in N. Y. las week. After
being booked on charges of disord-
erly conduct and using cloud and
boisterous language" they were re-
leased pending trial on Jan. 26.
Joseph Selly, president of the
American Communications Assn
CIO, Joseph F. Kehoe, AGA sec
retary-treasurer, and Lawrence
Kelly, head of the unions cable
division, as we'll as Joseph Galligh-
er, vice-president of the All Ameri-
can Gable Employees Ass'n-unaffi-
lated, were among those arrested.
Union members charged that the
picketing arrests were made with
out provocation from the strike
leaders. About 200 persons were on
the picket line around the head
quarters Of IT&T, but there was
no interference with persons en-
tering or leaving the building.
The cable strike has had the
support of the greater New York
IUC, whose president, Michael
Quill, with 500 union officials and
members joined the picket line
last week.
Refusal of IT&T and Western
Union to bargain collectively with
cable workers who have demanded
a 80 per cent wage boost has weak
ened. For the first time since the
strike began both corporations have
agreed to meet with representa-
tives of the union and Federal Me-
diation & Cancellation Service.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-01-29
Only Price Cuts Can Holt
Wage Increase Demands.
Senate Committee Is Told

Washington, d. c. GLNS)- Or
to the extent that we are able tC
reduce prices, will we have grounds
for calling on labor to limit de
mands for further wage increases
Secretary Of Labor /. b. Schwel-
lenbach reiterated in his testimony
before the Senate Committee on
Banking and Currency.
The Secretary said that whole
sale prices are now more than z
per cent higher than they were
early in December; prices Of farm
products are 3 per cent higher
prices Of fuels are 7Iz per cent
higher; prices Of textiles are IL
per cent higher; and prices Of foods
are / per cent above the high levels
then prevailing. Retail prices Of
foods rose more than 2 per cent
from mid-November to mid-Decem-
ber-and this does not reflect the
recent rise in meat prices which
has begun since then.
Sees Federal Action Imperative
He said he wanted to repeat with
renewed emphasis what he said to
the House Banking and Currency
Committee about a month ago;
that only action by the government,
at certain key points in the econ
omy where supplies cannot quickly
be increased, can prevent further
substantial increases in prices and
living costs.
The Secretary discussed the bill
S. 1888, now pending before Con-
gress, which would enable the gov
ernment, with the expressed ap-
proval of Congress, to impose cell
ings on the prices of vital commo-
dities in short supply that basical-
ly affect the cost Of living, or ag-
ricultural or industrial production.
The bill presented to Congress
by the administration was prepared
by Secretary julius A. Krug, In
terror; Secretary Clinton P. Ander-
son, Agriculture; Secretary w. A.
Hartman, Commerce; and Secre-
tary Schwellenbach.
The thought behind the bill,
Schwellenbach pointed out, and the
procedure provided in it, are clear
Iy designed to approach the prob
lens of price control literally on
a commodity-by-com basis,
in order that the application Of
controls may be limited to those
crucial points in the economy where
they are absolutely needed.
He further said that the objec-
tive of the bill is to stabilize prices
at the levels prevailing in the re-
cent past. 1t does not contemplate
sweeping rollbacks, or attempts to
shrink profits to prewar dimen-
sions.
Asks Some Pay Curbs
The Secretary further stated that
to the extent that it becomes neces-
sary to bring certain prices under
control, it is also necessary to ex-
ercise some control over wages,
which, if not controlled, would
make it impossible to maintain the
price ceilings. He said that gen.
eral control of wage rates is Meth
er necessary nor desirable at this
.ime. But he contended that selec-
i've control is plainly necessary for
Effective implementation of the
price control provisions
If the bill.