davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-04-28
Georgetown 10 Study
0ccupationa| Risks
In Cancer Growth

Investigations into why workers
appear to face greater risks of
cancer in certain occupations than
in others are Scheduled to begin
this summer at the Georgetown
University Medical School.
An occupational cancer research
laboratory will be set up at the
school as one phase of the studies
in the lNtle-known subject of occu-
pational cancer hazards, now being
instituted by the new environmental
cancer section of the National
Cancer Institute in Bethesda, ac-
cording to Federal Security Admin
istrator Oscar r. Ewing.
DR.. w. C. Hueper, who last week
assumed Office as head of the new
section, will direct the laboratory.
Contract Reported Let.
A contract has been let for re-
furnishing laboratories for the work
it was reported, and DR.. Murray
S. Copeland, head of a Georgetown
Medical Center Committee con-
cerned with cooperative efforts o1
the center and the institute, said
1t is hoped operation can begin this
summer.
The first step in the new environ
mental cancer control program al.
ready is under way, DR.. Hueper re.
ported. Under s32,694 grant made
last month to the Roswell Park
Memorial Institute in Buffalo, N. Y.
survey is being prepared to de-
termine possible occupational causes
of cancer.
The Buffalo institute will make
careful work histories of male can
Ger patients. From this data, in
vestigators will attempt to deter
mine whether there is any relation
between certain occupations and
cancer.
If such relationships are estab-
lished, other phases of the program
including that at the Georgetown
laboratory, will 60 into the problem
of protecting workers, and studying
whatever clues to cancer cause the
data may offer.
Factor in Growths.
Since the end of the 18th cen
tury," DR.. Hueper said, when a
British physician first noted the
high incidence of skin cancer among
London chimney sweeps, it has
been suspected that prolonged con-
tact with certain chemical SUBJ
stances may be an important factor
in causing some cancer growths.'
There has been relatively little
systematic study" of cancer-causing
factors in industry to date, he said
and there is a great need for more
exact information as to how workers
can be protected against these pos
sible dangers. 1t seems clear, how
ever, that part of the increased in
cidence of cancer is linked to the
growth of industry during the past
hundred years and to the dangers
of prolonged exposure to certain
substances"
DR.. Hueper, who was assistant
director and principal pathologist
at the Warner Institute for Thera
peutic Research in New York City
before joining the National Cancer
Institute, is recognized as an author.
ity on the little-known subject o1
occupational cancer. He is president
of the American Society for the
Study of Arteriosclerosis.
He will act as. a consultant Il
State and local health department.
and industrial hygiene Commission.
seeking his services.
Evening star., 1948-04-28
Ralph S. Stubs, 65, Dies
.Suqur Firm Executive
By the Assoeioted Press

SEA ISLAND, Ga, April 28-
Ralph S. Stubbs. IS, of New York,
vice president of the American
Sugar Refining Co., died of heart
attack here yesterday
Mr.. Stubbs and his wife arrived
here last Friday for vacation. He
was stricken at the Cloisters Hotel
where the couple was stopping.
Surviving besides the widow are
two sisters, Mrs. Gordon True of
Berkeley. Calf, and Mrs. Morton
Hill of Los Angeles, and brother
John, of New York.
Mr.. Stubbs' body will be sent to
New York for funeral services. Ar
rangements have not been COM
pleted.
Evening star., 1948-04-28
lit Mpnturtat1t
CHASE, JOHN AND GEORGE

CHASE, JOHN AND GEORGE. In low
lng 1n1zT TememSTsnce me- Sr OF my dear husband,
GEORGE CHASE
We loved you both, God loved you best
LUCY FORSTER.
DAGGS. FRANK W. In sad and loving
ing father. FRANK W. DAGGs, who who de- DE-
April %, 1885.
s,ps. Gqne is the the face face we loved 50 dear.
| silent is the voice We loved to hear;
| Too lar away from sight, or speech,
DAGGs FAMILY,
HURLEY, JOHN, W. A tribute to the
HURLEY, who entered into eternal rest
seventeen years ago today, April 2S, 1881.
The clock of life is wound but once.
And no one had the power
To tell US when the clock will stop,
At late or early hour. MAY. .
beloved memory, Of JAMES E. HARRIS,
xbf xh9 dsParted ss this life one year ago today
His cherished memory shall ever guide
us in our endeavors toward a fuller and
freer life.
SINCE he's gone first and we remain
For battles to be fought,
Each thing he did to help us on
! Is hallowed in our hearts.
Well hear his voice. we'll see his smile,
Though blindly we, may grope,
The memory of his helping hand
VIII buoy us on with hope.
SINCE he's gone first and we remain
To finish with the scroll,
No lengthening, shadows shall creep in
| To keep US from our goal.
We've know so much Of comradeship.
We've had our pains, our joys,
And memory is one gift OF God
TIT That oSsaGnp dsath eonnot des.Toy -, ,,,
! RANT WORKERS, LOCAL All, UPW-
PARKER. BERNARD E. In loving mem
ory Of our dear husband: father and broth
this life three years ago, April IS, 1945.
| The stars are brightly shining
| Upon silent grave;
! In it lies a loved one
YouR, LoyiMG WIFE, MRS. EDNA PAR
| KER: DAUGHTER. MRS FLORENCE
n n.If1 HAERTS1N; sSES}Xc,TnN ASP SISTER MRS
ROCK, WILLIAM r.. JR. CBUsTER,. In
MS and brother. WILLIAM r. BUS
| l@ TER ROCK. Jr" who suddenly
day, April IS, 1915
In our hearts your memory fingers,
sweetly, tenderly. fond and true;
| There is not day, dear Buster
That we do not think of you.
Oft to the grave we wander,
Flowers to lay with gentle care
On the grave of our loved one,
Silently sleeping there.
May he rest in peace
! MOTHER, BROTHER AND SISTER
SANDERS, WALLER L. In sad but low
ing remembrance OF my dear husband,
WALLER L. SANDERS. who passed away
two years ago today, April 2S, 1916.
Loved in life remembered in death.
HIS LOVING WIFE, MARIETTA SANDERS
TURNER. CHARLES II. AND MARY l..
In loving memory OF our dear parents.
CHARLES H. TURNER, who departed this
life May 20, 1899, and MARY L. TURNER,
who entered into eternal rest on April IS,
l943.
Sleep, beloved, sleep
/ THE FAMILY
WARREN, LILLE G., In loving remem-
brance of our beloved wife and mother,
LILLE G. WARREN who departed this
life three years ago today, April 2S, 1945.
A loving thought. sweet and tender,
HER BELOVED HUSBAND AND SON
! CLARENCE W. WARREN. Sr. AND
CLARENCE w. WARREN, Jr.
Evening star., 1948-04-28
Financial Strikers Vote,
597 to ;, to Remain Out
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, April 29.-Union
employees on strike against the New
York Stock Exchange and four bro
kerage houses in pay and union
security dispute voted, SGT to 3, yes
terday to continue the walkout.
The vote was taken after mem
bers heard report on settlement
efforts by leaders of their union,
Local 205, of the United Financial
Employees, AFL. The strike is in it's
fifth week, and there is a stalemate
on the wage issue.
Evening star., 1948-04-28
Editorial Writer Dies

PEARL RIVER. N. Y. April 2e
P,.-Adolph A. LANCER, IS, advisory
editor and editorial writer on the
Jersey Observer, Hoboken, N. j.
since 1929. died today of heart all
ment. Mr.. Langer formerly was
managing editor of the Jersey
Journal in Jersey City. He started
on the paper as a reporter in 1895
Evening star., 1948-04-28
Int Mrn1nriunt

BARNES, PERRY. In sad but loving
remembrance OF our dear husband and
father, PERRY BARNES, who left US thir-
teen years ago today, April %, 1885.
We shall meet beyond the river,
BY and by by and by;
Where parting will be never.
By and by. by and by.
WIFE, JULIA BARNES, CHILDREN, LE-
ONA AND LENA,
BURKE, MARY L. In loving memory of
our our dear mother, MARY l.. BURKE, who
You watched DER our cradles when we
were all babes.
:, And taught US each night how to pray
You sent US to school, where we soon
learned each rule,
And you cried when we left you one day
You prayed that good fortune might soon
come our way,
And when others proved false. you were
true:
Now your life you have given, but we go
That's all that. one mother could co.
HER LOVING CHILDREN, ALICE,
CHARLES, EDITH, JAMES AND LOUISE.
BYRD. CLIFTON. sR. In sad but low
ing remembrance OF my dear husband.
CLIFTON BYRD. Sr. who departed this
life one year ago, April IS, l947
Weary, sad and heavy-hearted,
Thus ! pass each lonely day
For my loved one has departed,
Gone before to show the way.
In the, beautiful hereafter,
In the life that is to be,
somewhere in Gods great garden,
Ny dear husband waits for me.
HIS DEVOTED WIFE AND DAUGHTER. .
Evening star., 1948-04-28
Truman Signs Bill
OutIowing Gaming Ships
BY the Assoeioted Press

Gambling ships, on water or in the
air, are outlawed under legislation
approved yesterday by President
Truman.
The legislation was initiated by
Senator Knowland, Republican. of
California to strike at gambling
ships operating off the West Coast.
Evening star., 1948-04-28

The Australian government is
planning to provide free medicine
and drugs to every person in the do
minion.
Evening star., 1948-04-28
fIUHI7, VII II 81. H.t.
JAMES r. GARNER, Adjutant. 2S

neral Home, 6f1 H St ne.
JAMES R. GARNER, Adjutant. %
AsT4en AP1 lats EDMGNb h!i 5ei!ffsff f4o
6eGsd eevoad hqpepd Of # 59hana
s9 stssd aHs a suEyfo
Schooner. WI Mrs W. Brandler. .'' Mrs. Sui'Is /
BraRdle5 and Mrs smon Msa al
OF Buenos Aires Ar ATgentna Funeral
Son TsSps5s1 Hsm SR& soI =, it!b 5{
| terment Tifereth Israel Cemetery.
KLEH, NENA ALvERTA. On Tuesday
eral Hospital, NENA ALVERTA KLER, be.
l1yed wits q Ut Ihomas p Keh mother Of
ter of Minnie Plummer. Hazel Ennis,
Mamie Herbert and Halle Feathers. sister
0i Fnnera Ho@e 5so
ave, Riverdale, Md, on Friday, April 80.
at 2:30 pm. Interment in Fort Lincoln
2e, Ig4s, at Lansing, Mich ARTHUR
Lamson. Funeral services and interment
are invited to attend. Arrangements lNb By
HysonG's Funeral Home.
MASON. WALTER ,BooTsY). De-
parted this life Saturday. April -, l94s,
MASON; brother Of Mrs. Cora Fisher and
Mrs, .Rebecca Wyatt. He also leaves other
relatives S and friends: The late Mr.; Mason
Mass will be offered Thursday, April 20, at
Holy Redeemer Church, New York ave.
e. FamIIH IneTRept ApngtEn Natons
lSt st. NV. %
McCLENDoN, LoTTIE MAE. On we'd
HOSPITAL, LoTTIE MAE McCLENDoN Of 81
P5era1 St nv HoR Remains Ts5tRs at Fraziers
Notice Of funeral later.
MILLER, BELLUM, SR. On Tuesday,
"a, q ! BEIhGM M MIELER: ST. SIT ,ather "aaI; q Lou:
Miller, ir.; Leslie NJ. Marsh. Dorothy NJ.
and Humphreys W Miller. Also surviving
grandchild. Interment, with Masonic serv-
ices, at Locust Hill. Madison County, Va
ThuT,dsy, ] ApTii ~. at ? pm.
st. ne. CATHERINE H, NEWTON. beoved ed
v yife Of Of cqXen H Newton and mother Of
the late deorse e 0Se1 f Newton EGHiOP and Mare ahe
Searfus. She also is survived by five
srandchiiLdren FRIENDS may ean At the
= VI.
Church, North Capitol and Eye SITS sts. ON on
ETiess Fl Cedar ART R aema.r1 GO q, am 1nteF@ent
PEOPLES. MARY FRANCES: On Tues
Peoples Of i459 + St ST. NV NHsd oeiovsd
late George w. Baxter, sister of Ethel
Baxter, Alberta Boddie, Bertha wilkes of
RsFnoId sng c0res e Ernest Robert
leaves other relatives and many friends.
Friends may call at the. W. Ernest Jarvis
Bune5s TRgTes a4s2 AyS YoH NV after
services Thursday. April 30. at . pm, at
Murray oficiating. Relatives and friends
invited. 1nterment Newberry, S. c. 80
PERRY. CARRIE. On Wednesday. April
PERRY, beloved mother of Mrs. Daisy c.
Schellenberg and Mrs. Gertrude N. Weber
Services at Chambers Funeral Home 81 :
Iith ST Sc, on Friday, April 20, at /
POTTER, Arthur JAMES, sR. On
MGnaaH ARHuR AP 81 jAts MES q po A7ns'0s s H0s 81
loved husband Of Bessie II. Potter Z" father
Of Mrs; Maude Latham. Arthur J. Potter,
Joe aNH MrTfen Potter RoSt1 s5otRer Ct Mrs
Forrest, Mrs. W Spain Of Richmond, Va
Mrs: A. Vetter of Florida, Mrs R. Edwards
"; Potter Of Florida and Paul Potter; step
non g e. H5s Ear Il R and sRh ahby Vsnfp M Pa5s r.
Also surviving are four grandchildren Re-
mains resting at the Ives Funeral Home,
2s47 Wilson blvd, Arlington, Va, until
North Taft sts,, Arlington, Va. where fu-
neral services will be held at pm. In
terment Browns Chapel Cemetery. 2s
Evening star., 1948-04-28
A-14'.'THE EVENING STAR Washington D. c.
"a
Garh nf ThankH

fly Of he fase WhLTER ciAYroN Se puKE 1sR
wish to express their sincere thanks and
deep appreciation to the many relatives
friends and neighoorS for the beautiful
OF sympathy during their bereavement.
WIFE. MINNIE DUKE; DAUGHTERS
NORMA AND ETA JANE
Evening star., 1948-04-28
HyottsviIIe PTA PIons Dunce

The Hyattsville High School
Parent Teacher Association will hold
square dance at 8 pm. Friday in
the school.
Evening star., 1948-04-28

{, JOSEPH b. Members OF
Joseph B. Kelliher Post, No,
to attend ritual services, con-
Quoted by the National Guard
OF Honor, for our departed
comrade, JOSEPH p. KELLI-
HER. at \ pm. Wednesday,
liS at Iirnnthu Ianl Inns En
Evening star., 1948-04-28
KELLIHER. PFC. JOSEPH B. On June

Z. 1914, in Normandy, Francef
49, Pfc. JOSEPH B. KELLIHER, son
S of Cornelius D. and Elizabeth
l Keliher (nee Keenan, and broth
I er of Daniel, John. Cornelius,
OS1 James and Edward Keliher:
Johanna c. Payne and Isabella
Cavanaugh. Funeral from the Timothy
Hanlon Funeral Home. 641 st. ne. on
Thursday April 30 at $50 am. High
requiem mass at Holy Trinity Church at
am. Relatives and friends invited
Interment Arlington National Cemetery.
2S
Evening star., 1948-04-28
Sleep, beloved, Sleep.
THE FAMILY 8

WARREN, LILLE G. In loving remem-
brance of our beloved wife and mother
LILLE G. WARREN. who departed this
life three years ago today, April 2S, 1945.
loving. thought. sweet and tender,
Just to show We always remember.
HER BELOVED HUSBAND AND SON,
CLARENCE W. WARREN. Sr.. AND
CLARENCE w. WARREN, Jr,
Evening star., 1948-04-28

Killed IN action on Two Jima on
;; ~: ;:' ::::|
brother OF James W. Crouch.
Evening star., 1948-04-28
DrathH

RILEY, MAUD ALINE. On Tuesday,
Mhn n Io Upton If St the ise
sister of Albert w Smith, Amanda B. Gil
son, Grace v. Bopp and Mary A. Dyer;
Services at Chambers Funeral Home, 1900
pm 1nterment Congressional Cemetery
ST sIMMs, vi WILLIAM S, On . weanesday aosst, y,
WILLIAM sIMMs of 40o3 webster St:
North Brentwood, Md. beloved husband OF
Mrs; Josephine Grant simms, stspiaIInenr Ii Isn
Selder. He also leaves one niece, one
nephew other relatives and friends. No
W. Ernest Jarvis Co.
Monday: April 26. 194s: LILLIAN CATH
RINE SLAUGHTER of 1923 22nd st. nv:
bsI1ed wife of Frank ASq
sisters, one brother. other relatives and
many, friends. After 10 am Wednesday
fads neds aIs Home nytfa t0 sa Ssb St the HS
Aueustine's Catholic Church, 18th St. be
ApT Esfn and an sI s mn fnte9ment qn dhufSan; Monn
o'isft sfoAN, s"SSoIS ROBERT. On Saturday April
stoAS sfs Of at @ Gsfser afs st. nR MI Foska
was a close friend of the family of Mrs
Carrie Lewis After pm. Wednesday,,
april 2s friends may o call at the and Dqyie s
ave. NV. where services will be- held
Thursday, April 30, at 1880 pm. Inter
msSs sMrfH Ffynf FRANK GlTs'fRy Rurus On Monday "a
April a6 i94s, at the United
:!:E ;5E ;:: $: ;:::;! !;
aaleish Ghsmbsts; n Fnmains F,ns4ai FsSd1ns aome
G n n
Lexington. Ga.
SMITH; JOHN Suddenly, on Tues
GoN 3e Ass III a9aS s9a Of Mf aanaf5 H0sRt
Smith and brother q Reeinsld. Milton;
other relatives and friends NOTICE Of
funeral Ws ib,hatdn later ATs5ansements by Henry
STATESMAN, GEORGE S. On Mon
day, April 26, l94S: az Freedmen,s Hos
pital GEoRGE s. STATEsMAM brother
two two niecesi ss f2e nephews on on bro,her 70 in
law. other relatives and friends. The la.e
nv M ssS pm may Rs %ednss6ay at +
Asbury Methodist Church, 1ith ti1'' and ok sts.
seTv,ces sT 1ntIEmsnt by gtewart Harmony cemetsr7
and members of Meridian lodse.
A i: : e.? !: '::: !:
MANN. from the Asbury Methodist Church,
GARFIELD HUNT, w. M.
Attest: J. F. SNOWDEN, Secretary.
STATESMAN, GEORGE. Mobiles of
~ Mecca Temple, No, 10: You
are hereby requested to assem-
W BILE at the Asbury M. E.
IN Church, Thursday, April 20,
~ 194S, at 12:45 o'clock, for
or ~. n.s funeral Of Noble GEORGE
ROBT, W. JOHNSTON. Ill Potentate.
A. E. BROOKS, III. Recorder.
STATESMAN, GEORGE S. Illustrious
peers and sublime princes of
j. Jonathan Davis Consistory. No.
~ l. are hereby ordered to attend
midnight services for our late
N illustrious peer GEORGE S;
ILL. NORRIS A. G. sCoTT. 80.
ILL. MELVIN j KEY, 33'.
j.. Keeper of the Seal and Archives.
STATESMAN. GEORGE S. The Inter-
m UNCONVENTIONAL Ushers' Union
r. II of D. C. and Vicinity wishes
1T to announce the passing of
Brother GEORGE S. STATES
AsDuis is4s MstSod,,5 & s5u15S {5Sn I5s E
VIM. H. DAVIS, President.
Evening star., 1948-04-28
HoWsLEY. CORPL.. CLIFTON WILLIAM

JR., c. 5. a. r. Killed IN ac-
:::: 5::::: e.: !;
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-10-01

the business of the farmer Is not
treated as the sale of a capital
asset. Il. T. 37l2. Par. 5oos.)"
4 Years to Absorb Losses
Farmers as well as other taxpay-
ers are entitled to the benefits of
code section LIB I. R. C. This Sec
ton provides that net operating
losses from a trade or business sus-
tanned in any n year may be car-
ried back and applied against the
gains of the two preceding taxable
years. The unabsorbed loss, if any,
may then be applied against the two
succeeding years. Thus there is a
period of four years against which
a net operating loss may be absorbed
providing there are profits in those
years sufficient to absorb such loss.
1t is a kind of equalizer. 1t works
like this: Suppose a farmer sustains
a loss in 1913 of $4,000. In 1916 he
had a profit of $4,000, in 1947 he had
a profit of $4,000, in 1949 his profit
will be $4,000. He may carry back
$4,000 of his loss against the $4,000
gain for 1916 and $4,000 of the loss
against the $4,000 gain for 1947. Thus
it will be seen that $1,000 of his loss
has been carried back and absorbed
by the gains of the two preceding
years. There is still $4,000 Of the
$4,000 loss to be carried forward
and applied against the 1949 profit
of $4,000, leaving only $4,000 to be
taxed in 1949.
Farmers and other taxpayers may
adopt a fiscal or calendar year and
may elect to do so upon filing a first
return. Permission of the commits
sioner must be obtained if the tax
payer wishes to change from a cal
endar to a fiscal year or vice versa
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-10-01
Income Taxes Will Be Less
How the New LasU Affects Farmers and Ranchers
By DOUGLAS N. WILSON, C. P.

The general rule is that gain or
loss on the sale of involuntary con-
version of land used in business and
buildings, machinery and equipment,
etc., is includible in gross income as
ordinary income or deductible as or
binary loss.
The relief provision of section lit
J applies to taxpayers who realize
gains or losses from the sale of prop
erty held for six months or longer,
or from involuntary conversion Gin
Guiding condemnation, seizure, de-
struction) of the above kind of prop
erty or of capital assets held for six
months or longer.
If the recognized gains from such
transactions exceed the losses they
are to be treated as capital gains, of
which only SO percent is subject to
tax. On the other hand, if the ag-
gregate losses in such transactions
exceed the aggregate gains the loss
is to be treated as an ordinary loss
deductible 100 percent.
Accordingly. Livestock used for
draft. breeding. or dairy purposes
irrespective of whether such live
stock was raised or purchased. is
property used in the trade or bust
ness of a farmer for the purpose
of Sec. III ID. provided ii is held
for more than 6 months. Whether
taxpayer is on the cash or accrual
basis is immaterial. Il. T. 1856. Par.
5008.) With respect to the inclusion
of such livestock in an inventory
Ton the accrual basis). the commits
sioner has ruled that such inclu-
sion is primarily for the convent
ence of accounting and does not
deprive a farmer from the benefits
of Sec. III (j). However. the sale
of animals culled from the breed
ing herd as feeder or slaughter
animals in the regular course of
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-10-01

no books of account.
Declaration Of Estimates
Every individual must make an
annual declaration of his estimated
income (a) if he is subject to with
holding on salaryi in excess of 1880
plus $500 for each exemption. (b)
Income from all other sources in ex-
cess of $500 provided his total in
come is expected to amount to 5000
or more.
The declaration must be filed ON
or before March Is of the income
year and may be amended quarterly
such as June Is, Sept. Is and Jan.
is following. However, there is an
exception to this general rule in the
case of farmers. If two-thirds of a
taxpayers gross income is derived
from farming, he may file this dec
laration and pay the tax on or be-
fore Jan. Is instead of the preceding
March Is. If a farmer wishes to do
so he can make a final return in lieu
of an estimate On Jan. Is. Final in
come tax returns for a calendar year
taxpayer are due not later than
March Is of each year.
Farmers filing on a fiscal year
must make their declarations and
pay the estimated tax due on the
18th day of the month following the
close of their fiscal year and a final
return if not filed in lieu of the es-
innate must be filed on the 18th day
of the third month following the
close of the fiscal year.
Major Changes
The more important c changes
brought about by the Revenue Act
of 1913 pertain to the rules of re-
porting income of married couples,
and also there is a radical departure
from previous laws in the rules af-
fecting estate and gift taxes.
Briefly the new provisions, al
though highly technical as they af-
feet estate and gift taxes, allow hus-
bands and wives, at their option, to
treat their income and property as
though one-haf belonged to the hus-
band and one-ha1f to the wife. AS a
practical proposition, this situation
may not actually be true in number
less cases, nevertheless, for federal
tax purposes, it will be assumed to
be true if the option is elected.
Since the personal income tax has
always been or a graduated rate, in
creasing with the increase in income,
it can readily be seen that an income
of say $4,000 would be taxed at a
considerably higher rate than an in
come of $4,000. Accordingly, if a hus-
band has a salary of $12, 900 and his
wife has no income they may elect
to make a joint return. After allow
ing for the legal deductions and the
exemption allowed by law, the re-
suit is split in half and the tax COM
puted thereon. This is then null
tiplied by two, giving the amount of
tax to be paid.
The new act retains the same ten
tative normal and surtax rates that
applied to 1916 and 1947. The S per-
cent reduction has been eliminated
and in lieu thereof a series of per-
centage reductions is applied de-
pending upon the aggregate amount