davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-06-20
Major Draft Provisions

go into reserve pools after COM
pleting active duty. The time for
reserve liability can be reduced by
serving in active reserve units such
as the National Guard.
l3. The President may defer
necessary men" in industry, agri-
culture, science and other fields.
Married men and those with de-
pendents also would be deferred
IA. High school students would be
deferred from draft until they grad
uate or reach 20 as long as they do
satisfactory class work, College
students could complete the school
year before answering a draft call
IS. The President could seize
plants and factories that failed to
fill armed service orders at a fair
price. This is similar to a wartime
provision except purchasing officials
are directed to give small business"
a share of Government contracts.
l6 The Army and Air Force court
martial system would be revised as
result of numerous complaints
about military justice during the
last war The House originally
passed this as separate bill.
IT, Drafted men would have the
same right to reclaim civilian Jobs
that existed under the wartime
draft. Wartime absentee voting
rights also would be extended to
those in the armed services.
18. Men in the draft age group of
19 through Is years also could en-
list in the Regular Army for a period
of 81 months. This lowered the
period for regular enlistments which
had been not less than two years.
10. A passing grade of 10 in gen:
eral classification tests used to test
volunteers must be accepted. This
was in line with a House provision.
1t resulted from complaints that the
armed services had raised this pass
ing grade to 80 points to reject many
volunteers.
90 The national selective service
organization is re-established with
national director at $500 a year
1t would operate much as it did dur
ing the war period, chiefly through
volunteer local boards.
Evening star., 1948-06-20
Meyer Praises ERp
Al HeadIiners Dinner
BY the Asseeietsd Press


ATLANTIC CITY, N. j., June 10.
Eugene Meyer, owner Of the WASH
ington Post. said tonight. the Mar
shall Plan Is consistent with the
American spirit that something
must be done" to save bad situa.
ton.
Mr.. Meyer, a former president OF
the World Bank, spoke at the 14th
annual National Headliners Awards
dinner where he received one Of 40
awards for journalistic achievement
during ls47,
The prize was for outstanding
public service in his papers COM
plete explanation of the Marshall
Pan.
Asserting that without American
aid the write, aggressive, expand-
ing Communist regimes were des-
tined to take over bankrupt. in.
solvent and spiritless Western Eu-
rope" Mr.. Meyer told the more than
200 members of the newspaper, news
reel, radio and magazine professions
that some Of the disasters that
threatened Europe may yet come to
pass.
But they will not now come to
pass unresisted, unobstructed and
unopposed." he said.
One of the 20 awards was given
In absentia to Dan De Luce, Associ-
ated Press correspondent covering
the Arab side of the Palestine war.
Evening star., 1948-06-20
Germany
CONTINUED From First Page.>

Continued From First Pagel
back on the Berlin road milled about
the highway.
Further south, on the Soviet
zone border, German trav-
elers said the Russians had posted
tanks and armored cars and had
some of their patrols in trenches.
Late tonight the Russians de-
tached Is cars from a British-spon-
sored freight train and sent them
back to the British zone. The cars,
containing German mail for Berlin,
were inadequately documented, the
Russians said.
Freight Rigidly Inspected.
Rail and water freight traffic from
the West Swas subject to rigid in
spection by the Russians, who ap-
parently feared that cargoes or the
baggage of train crews might hide
bundles of cash. Slow inspection
measures at the zonal border
caused a rail jam more than 60
miles. from Helmstedt back to
11dIlllOfcl, DIltloll Ol1lCAdlo odiu.
Only four trains reached Berlin
this morning in a period in which
eight or nine normally would arrive.
The Autobahn at Helmstedt was
scene of confusion. Long columns
of cars and trucks, refused per-
mission to cross the line, were
drawn up. Hundreds of Germans
milled about. and other hundreds
camped on the grass beside the
highway.
For the first time since they
frightened border controls in April,
the Russians also were refusing to
pass American, British, French and
other Allied travellers and military
personnel on the motor highway.
Plane Schedules Expanded.
American and British authorizes
arranged expanded plane schedules
to bring in their stranded travellers
from the west.
None of the. Western Allies pro-
tested the Soviet measures. They
waited at least over the weekend
Evening star., 1948-06-20
COP. Group Urges
Increase in Delegate
Bonus Plan in 1852
By the Associnted Pres,

PHILADELPHIA, June 1e.-The
Republican conventions Rules Com
mittee decided today to increase the
number of delegates who will riomi-
nate the party's presidential candi-
date in 1882
Clarence Burlington Kelland, the
author who is Arizona national
committeeman and chairman of the
rules group. said the bonus to States
for election of Republican officials
will be increased four years from
now if this years convention ap-
proves the rules changes.
Under present rules, each State is
given bonus of three delegates
when it elects a Senator or votes
a majority for the party's presiden-
tial candidate. Under the proposed
new rule, each State which elected
a Republican Governor or Senator,
or voted a majority for the presi-
Woul0 SCt o. 1oAAAo
of six votes.
Rex Eaton, Colorado national
committeeman, said the effect would
be to lessen the influence OF South
ern delegations in the selection OF
future COP nominees.
The rules committee also recon-
mended that in future conventions
the Virgin Islands be given one
delegate vote. 1t urged that the
Puerto Rico vote be increased from
two to three
Under new rules. future conven-
ton nominating speeches would be
limited to Is minutes each. The
rules group also urged that two
meetings of the National Execu-
tive Committee be held yearly.
1t recommended that the national
chairman Of the young Republican
organization be made an ex-officio
member of the national committee.
Evening star., 1948-06-20
Selection by Age to Replace
Lottery System Under Draft

with the exception of Maj. Gen.
Lewis B. Hershey, its director and
the head of selective service in the
last war. The new director must
be appointed by the President and
confirmed by the Senate.
There have been some demands
in Congress that a civilian head the
selective service this time but in
formed sources yesterday were in
clined to believe that President
Truman would name Gen. Hershey
to the post again in view of his
experience
Meanwhile. there was a possibility
that the Army might not have
enough doctors and dentists to eX-
anime and care for the additional
personnel it will receive from the
draft. 1t will be 1000 doctors short
by July l of the number it figures
it needs to provide attention fol-
its present $4,000 officers and men
The overall strength would be ex-
panded to 837 900.
Education Plan Discussed.
This situation revived talk in
military circles of a controversial
plan for educating and training its
own personnel. This has been dis.
cussed in previous years with the
Navy and Public Health Service but
never favorably.
Another alternative would be
obtaining the service Of civilian
doctors and dentists by contract
One version of the legislation hao
Evening star., 1948-06-20
By John A. Giles

A new system of age sequence will
replace the lottery in determining
the order under which young men
are to be called into the service by
authority of the draft bill passed
last night by Congress.
Spokesmen for the office of Selec-
tive Service Records admitted yes
terday the new method was COM
plicated and said a full explana-
ton would be made as soon as the
bill is signed by President Truman.
Details of the new plan for de-
termining draft numbers from dates
of birth are still being worked out,
it was said. National lotteries were
used in both world wars.
The new peacetime selective serv-
ice machinery will be well oiled
in the 90-day period between the
presidential signature and the dead
line in the compromise bill for the
first inductions. While the bill be-
comes effective when the President
signs it, no one can be inducted
for 80 days.
1000 Boards to Be Set Up.
The Selective Service Records Of
flee already has laid plans for the
new organization, to include creation
of 1000 boards throughout the coun-
try.
The new selective service organi-
zation will correspond roughly to
that used in the last war except
that it will be smaller. There were
6.442 boards in World War II, but
the new bill provides for the con-
solidation of many where the popu-
lations are sparse.
National Guard and reserve off,
GERS, already trained for setting up
lust such an organization In an
emergency. will form the nucleus Of
the new setup. The Draft Records
Office has been training them for
the last year and "a half and they.
in turn, will orientate the new draft
officials.
Each State already has plan
for its selective service. State di-
rectors will be appointed on the
recommendations of the Governors.
Civilian Head Proposed.
The national organization here
automatically will be composed OF
the present staff of the draft setup,
Evening star., 1948-06-20
Bill TO Stop Building
Of Warships Signed
BY the Assoeioted Press

President Truman yesterday signed
bill authorizing him to halt con-
struction work on 13 Navy war
ships. including the battleship Ken
tucky.
The act nullifes for these ships
q provision of an earlier law requir-
ing that war vessels which were
more than 20 per cent complete as
of March /, 1916, be completed.
A Senate Armed Services Com
mittee report recommending ap-
proval of the bill said 1t would have
the effect of suspending present OBJ
legations against the Treasury
amounting to more than $500, 900 900
in construction costs.
The report added that it is in
tended that "a portion of this sum
will be used, If appropriated, to in
stitute a new shipbullding and con-
version program of advance-design
ships"
The appropriation, which has
already been made, includes funds
for the start of construction of a
new super aircraft carrier capable
of carrying Jet bombers.
) In addition to the Kentucky, the
President is authorized to stop the
construction of the battle cruiser
Hawaii, two destroyer escorts. seven
destroyers and two submarines.
THE hulls of these vessels Will
be useful as standby units which
NAV be readily adapted to such new
techniques, and ornaments as may
be originated or perfected IN the
future" the Senate report noted.
Evening star., 1948-06-20
|A.C.Roebuck,84,Dies;
WAS Cofounder Of
Mail Order Firm
BY the Asseeiafsd Press

CHICAGO, June 19.-Alvah c.
Roebuck, 81. who gave his name to
the mail order house that produced
one of Americas largest fortunes,
died last night.
The big fortune was not Mr.. Roe
bucks but that of Julius Rosenwald
who bought out his interest In the
firm Of Sears, Roebuck Co. in 1895.
Mr.. Roebuck continued in other
business efforts until 1917. He in
vested his money in Florida real
estate, and his holdings were all
but wiped out by the collapse of the
boom in the 1920s and the de-
preston of the '30s finished him.
He became an employe Of the COM
pany he helped found. A reserved,
neat little man with his hair parted
in the middle. he sat near the door
of one of the company's annual
sales conventions at desk with a
sigp on it-"meet the founder
Most OF the employees had thought
the Roebuck Of the firms name
was QeAQ.
1t was Richard w. Sears who got
him in the mail order business. Mr..
Roebuck, who was a matchmaker in
Hammond, Ind, probably would
have had a quiet and comfortable
career repairing watches in jew
elry shop window had he not an
swered Mr. Sears want ad for a
matchmaker. That was in 1887. They
eventually became partners.
Mr.. Sears had been a railway sta
ton clerk at Redwood Falls, MINI.
A case of watches arrived for a
local jeweler who refused to accept
them. Mr.. Sears queried the manu-
facturer on what should be done.
Sell them" was the reply. Mr.,
Evening star., 1948-06-20
Gen. Julius Howell Dies at 7O2;
Was Last of Longstreet's Corps
Served for Two Terms
As Commander Of
Confederate Veterans

Gen. Julius F. Howell, 102-year-
old former commander in chief of
the United Confederate Veterans,
died last night at his home in Bris-
tol, Va, after an illness of three
weeks, according to the Associated
Press.
The former president of Virginia
Intermont College was known as
the last survivor of Longstreets
Corps Of the Army of Northern
Virginia. His birthday on January
II was celebrated as Gen. Howell
Day"
Gen. Howell was we'll known here
and last came to Washington in
June, 1947. when he and his wife
few here to take part in Confed-
crate memorial exercises.
Born on a farm near Suffolk, Va,
the son of country minister, he
enlisted in the Confederate forces
at Is and served as a courier to two
generals, He was corporal in Gen
Longstreet's Corps at the end of the
wal 11lS tlCiC 90 SShCl al stCllln
from his two terms as national
commander of the United Confed-
crate Veterans In 1899 and 1910.
He was captured two days before
Appomattox, he recalled here last
year, and as result, he spent so
days as a prisoner of war at Point
Lookout.
A Confederate to the end, Gen.
Howell visited here in 1910 and
bowed from the waist to kiss the
hand of Olivia de Haviland. who
had a leading role in the movie
Gone with the Wind" which had
just been released. He said she
was "a real Southern lady"
Again in 1916, Gen. Howell came
to Washington to help observe the
139th anniversary of the birth of
jefferson Davis whom he called "a
very sensible and direct man.
After the Civil War. he attended
Harvard and the University of Penn
sylvania, earning degrees as master
of arts in history and a doctor of
law.
He served as school superin-
tendent in Arkansas after that, and
was later appointed to the chair of
history at the University of Arkan-
sas. He subsequently became presi-
dent of the Mountain Home (Ark)
Baptist College.
In 1901 he went to Bristol as presi-
dent of Virginia Intermont College
When he retired at Intermont, he
entered the insurance business, and
actively conducted his insurance
agency until recently.
In addition to his work with in
surance, he was active in religious,
educational and other activities of
Evening star., 1948-06-20
By the Associoted Press

Here are major provisions Of the
compromise draft bill passed by
Congress:
|. Men from 10 through 25 years
can be drafted for 81 months service
with the Army, Navy, Marines or Air
Force. The Senate previously had
voted two-year term, and the
House one year.
2. Up to 161 900 1S-year-olds may
volunteer for one year OF service
with the regular forces. This was
Senate provision developed as a
substitute for separate universal
military training program.
3. The draft law becomes effective
Immediately when signed by the
President but no one can be inducted
for 80 DAYS This is compromise
on House provision that would
have delayed any induction until
FEBRUARY /, l949.
4. "A Senate proposal for special
drafting of doctors, dentists and
other members of the medical pro-
fession as such was dropped. This
was in line with the House bill
However. doctors and dentists under
26 are subject to induction the same
as other registrantS. Also subject to
call. aside from the draft bill, are
those doctors and dentists who COM
pleted education or received their
training under wartime programs.
S. Overall manpower strength OF
the armed forces is raised to 2.005.-
as2, divided as follows: Army, S37,-
600: Navy and Marines, $685.; Air
Force, $4,000. These were the to-
tails voted by the House. The ap-
proxirnate strength of the armed
services as of June / was; Army
$4,000: Air Force. $4,000; Navy
sso 1000. Marines. 10000.
s. A Senate proposal to enlist 2o.-
600 aliens in the Army was dropped
They could have become citizens
after five years service. The House
had no such provision.
I. Registration would be limitet
to men Is through 25 years ant
could begin as soon as the bill be-
comes law. The House had pro-
posed a registration from lS through
80 years.
8. Most veterans of World War I
would be exempt. This include!
those with more than one year o
active service or 80 days service
between December 7, l94l, and V,
day on September 2, ls45. Thi
combines Senate and House pro
visions.
9. The bill provides for expansion
of civilian components, includin
Reserves and the National Guarc
with draft deferments for those VIII
are members of active Reserve unit
TO- A special exemption Is alloWe'
10 the only surviving son OF familie
who lost sons in the last war.
IL. Conscientious objectors coul
he placed on no-combat duty ol
If they objected to this, be deferre'
If the objection was found valie
This followed the House provision;
u. All draftees, 10 years old vol
unteers and other volunteers mus
Evening star., 1948-06-20

Sears wrote letters offering the
watches at very low price and bags
of mail containing money came
pouring in. He had to buy more
watches to fill the orders. He went
into the business of selling watches
by mail. but he needed a watch
maker to repair those that came
back-thus the ad.
Alvah Roebuck was uncomfortable
with the dynamic Sears. In 1893 he
wanted to leave the business which
had gone far beyond the sale Of
but Mr.. Sears persuaded
him to stay on in charge of watches,
jewelry, optical goods and phono-
graphs.
About this time, Mr.. Sears decided
that he could sell clothing by mail.
He went to the firm of Rosenwald
g. We'll and made contract. The
volume made Julius Rosenwald. pres
ident of the clothing firm. realize
the possibilities of mail order mer-
He bought out Mr.. Roe
bucks interest and joined the man.
agement, first as vice president. 1t
was then that Sears, Roebuck began
to SNOWFALL into a national insti-
tuition.
Evening star., 1948-06-20

provided for drafting doctors and
dentists.
Thousands of reserve officers who
have their applications on file for
active duty in both the Army and
Navy now stand a good chance of
early acceptances. They will be
needed to train the new draftees.
The unofficial but authoritative
Army and Navy Journal estimated
that 10000 Army reserves who de-
sire active duty would be accepted
and an Army spokesman commented
that 1t was a good guess" He
emphasized that no reserve officer
could be called without his consent
under present legislation.
Reflections to be Cut.
Lowing of the passing grade in
general classification tests-designed
to determine mans ability to
learn-will decrease the percentage
of reflections for this reason from
approximately IA to per cent.
The Army had strongly opposed
lowering the standards on the
grounds that 1t would lower the
morale, appearance and discipline
of our troops the world over.
However, it already has begun an
experiment at Fort Benning, Ga.
consisting of men below the ac-
cepted education standards but who
had good records during the last
war. An official said yesterday that
first preliminary reports on this ex-
pertinent showed that 1t was sue
cessful.
During the war the Army ac-
cepted men of a lower intelligence
level than at present but its vast
numbers enabled it to offset this dis
advantage, it was said.
Evening star., 1948-06-20

Mayflower for four years, and ac-
companied President Harding on
his final and fatal tour Of Alaska.
He continued as aide to President
Coolidge
Near the end of World War I,
Admiral Andrews was assigned as
naval aide to Prince Axel of Den
mark during the latter's visit to the
United States. He saw duty during
that war as assistant chief of staff
of the commander of the Atlantic
fleet.
The Naval expansion which fol-
lowed Hitler's rise to power brought
Admiral Andrews the post of COM
mander of the Scouting Force In
1898. with the accompanying rank
of Vice Admiral.
Decorated by Brazil.
Besides the Distinguished Service
Medal, Admiral Andrews was deco
rated by the government of Brazil,
and held the Spanish Campaign
Medal, the Mexican Campaign
Medal. and the Victory Medal with
the Atlantic fleet clasp.
A native of Galveston. Admiral
Andrews attended high school in
Dallas and the University of Texas
before entering the Naval Academy
from which he graduated In 1901.
His first service was aboard the
battleship Maine, successor to the
vessel whose sinking In Havana
harbor precipitated the war with
Spain.
He later served on the battleships
Utah. Oklahoma. Mississippi and
Texas. Then followed a series Of i'm
portant and strategic assignments
He was chief of staff of the Naval
War College, chief of staff OF the
commander of the battle force
chief of staff of the commander OF
the United States feet, chief of the
Bureau of Navigation, and finally
commander of the Scouting Force,
Evening star., 1948-06-20
|Wichito Photographer
Heads News Group
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

ATLANTIC CITY, June l9.-Paul
Threlfall of the Wichita tKans.)
Beacon today was elected president
of the National Press Photographers
Association at the close of its third
annual convention. He succeeds
Joseph Costa of New York, a King
Features Syndicate photographer.
Evening star., 1948-06-20
Dr.. F. B. Knight Dies;
Purdue Psychologist
BY the Associated Press

LAFAYETTE. Ind. June l9.-Dr.
Frederic B. Knight. 56, head of the
Purdue University division of edu-
cation and applied psychology, died
IN a hospital here today.
A native of Springfield, Mass, he
was superintendent of schools at
Ipswich and Danvers, Mass. before
serving in World War I, He went
to the University of Iowa in 1920.
He had been division head at Pur-
due since 1887.
The widow, a daughter and son
survive. The funeral will be Tuesday.
Evening star., 1948-06-20

FELLOWSHIPS AT G.. 1.-THE
American Foundation for
Pharmaceutical Education has
awarded fellowships in the
Graduate School of George
town University to Mr.. Rod
man, TOT N. Wayne Street,
Arlington, and Mr.. King, 1920
Window Place NV. Mr.. Rod
man received his B. S. in
pharmacology from the Uni
versity of Michigan: Mr.. King
graduated from Massachu-
sets College of Pharmacy.
Evening star., 1948-06-20
Mexico Mapping Islands

Mexico is mapping 5000 square
miles of it's Pacific Islands-lmpor-
tant. but until now almost aban-
domed outposts of the Repuollc-to
,,se their natural resources.
Evening star., 1948-05-28

Building Your Dream House? Visit
our Home Planning Center for Ex-
pert Advice. We've over 80 homes
for you to choose from =. each with
its working blue print, complete
with Contract Owner Agreement
and Specification Forms at S. set.
Better Hsmes sid Gsrdsss Homs Pissslss Center.
III FIss,. Ws,kissfos, j,i Floor. silp~ Sbriss
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-30
First Mental Patient
Put in St. EIizabeths
Under New Sex Law

The first person to be committed
for treatment as a sex psychopath
under the Districts new sex law was
sent to st. Elizabeths Hospital, after
a hearing yesterday in Municipal
Court.
Judge Walter j. Casey signed the
commitment Of John A. Antonelh.
"A, Capital Heights, Md.
The case was presented in detail
as specified by the law which went
into effect last June after a CAM
paign initiated by The Star.
Judge Casey said he wanted all the
facts on the proceedings in the on
cial record since the court was
pioneering" under a new statute.
Assistant United States Attorney
Warren Wilson, chief prosecutor in
the lower court. said his Office filed
petition on September 80 for the
hearing and, two weeks later, order
cred q mental examination for the
man by two qualified psychiatrists,
as the law requires.
Municipal Court officials pointed
out there has been q number Of
arrests and sentences given out un-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-10-30

Of Cleveland GLADDEN., %, eolorsd
1925 Tenth street NV.
According to police, GLADDEN. was
shot three times by John O. Tyner
IS, colored, 621 Elliott street Me-,
In a tavern at 1884 Fifth street
NV, after they quarreled about
buying drinks.
GLADDEN. became abusive and
threatened to kill Tyner, the Jury
was told yesterday.