davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-04-08
NTER expert
ices required.
Y, Wis. and
IN


e,ses2s GROCERY y. clEEk e experienced 77ssss
rs elEkk aR WITH 4S's Some knowledge of
Rsfa sssRs RRSsEf Asey SsSyasR. Il
aEAp iao'afhs eHEFror I Washington sea food res
lent Id 5aeksround: high salary. Write Box
HIGH HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATE for Mai clerical
position: 5h-day week. good starting sal;
sss WAHsdos MI dGss 0etTsf6 sUfo 10 3uoE end
SSH coiesviile rd, Silver Spring, Md. IS
HOTEL CLERK, permanent position. good
pay; mus, must be reliable. Apply in person,
JANIToR. white. over 35; reliable man
interested in permanent position: down
Ssa S'ss s'4s @s.7 7''y Room to sos
JAsTToE sasT1 aSd e0lo1sd bqilapg
KITcHESa PoRTER. eolorsa: meals and
1an' 1sth tSin and aDRs ss sseTasd nT
KITCHEN STEWARD, white: exper.; good
orpport; good salary and meals. Phone
LABoRERs-General construction work,
at job site. COLUMBIA PINES, INC on
COLUMBIA Pike. mr. ,Annandale, Va. .-13
Englewood,. short distance from Chapel
IaRoRTSRV 1sks; " RRIckEY YaTrAt, VA lac hG ,I,n
in beautiful SURROUNDINGS: iandsca aping and d
bGE SfSSE Esse %o faSas
LAUNDRY ROUTE MAN-wanted at once.
Feyn seyn Mile Run dr.. Arlington, va. GIL.
LUMBER YARD HELPER wanted, Falls
| Church area; good steady Job, top pay
sood working cond. Call MR.. BLooMER.
MAIL and information clerk, no exper.
wARpMAN pARR HOTEL. s4P.0:@ea' saeo woadiss sass
MAINTENANCE and handy man. steady
work with old-estab. real estate arm: start
Sis mo. Apply BAsK1N & Co, 724 9th
st. NV, am. to IL am. $
MAN, white, as night supervisor of clean
ers: perm position for dependable man.
APPLY suPerintendsnt,s up TIMs office, 141s st.
MAN-Opportunity for man who is alert
and BRIGHT. We will train you and while
you are training you viii be earning. Call
MAN wfTH CAR, so-45 yrs: fast raises;
experieneed selling wholesale to stores;
perm. Call sales mgr. FIR. 1904 5
MAN, II 80, ambitious and able to meet
public, who can get along on about $50
with above averase income: must be able
Eye st. NV: apply 1880 am. to pm
MAN, white. wanted for outdoor work on
grounds OF CHEVY CHASE CLUB. Steady
NAN; suburban home. outside work
knowledge OF horses; pleasant living quar-.
ters' good salary. call RE. e6sI. .
Evening star., 1948-04-30
A Joint District Committee

There are numerous arguments for
Joint Committee on the District of Co.
lumbia. Members of the Senate Committee
on Expenditures mention only one of them
IN recommending joint committee. 1T
does not seem necessary" they say, "for
thirty-eight members of Congress to spend
so much time on the affairs of the District
OF Columbia"
Thirty eight members now are assigned
to the House and the Senate Committees
on the District. The joint committee
recommended by the Senators would con-
Sist OF only fourteen. A saving in man
power, it is true. But the chief argument
for joint committe would be for a more
expeditions and more efficient method of
handling local legislation. A joint COM
mittee would eliminate the time consuming
duplication which results from separate,
and often unrelated, proceedings by the
two standing committees on the same
subject.
This session of Congress, with Chairman
DirkSen in the House and Chairman Buck
In the Senate, has shown disposition to
handle local legislation jointly. AS the
Senate Committee on Expenditures says,
nearly every recommendation made to
Congress in recent years has pointed out
the advisability of this move" It would
be an even more advisable move if the
Joint Committee on the District of Co.
lumbia were given jurisdiction extending
not only to local legislative matters but
to local appropriations as we'll In local
government especially these two fields are
inseparable.
The Auchincloss home rule bill pro-
vides for a Joint Committee on the
District, handling both fiscal and legisla-
tive matters. 1t would serve as the agent
of Congress to assure proper government
for the District of Columbia" AS time
goes on, the chances for favorable action
on the Auchincloss bill at this session be-
come more remote. But establishment of
a Joint Committee on the District of
Columbia is so generally favored and con-
tains so few elements of controversy that
1t could be agreed on at this session and
its creation would be sound step in i'm
proving the administration of local gov
ernment.
Congress does not now spend a great
NCol VI GAi4lC Oll 1OCdl IldJGclS. ouG Win d
joint committee-"se serving as the agent of
Congress to assure proper government
the time thus spent would be shortened
and it would be more effectively spent
because of the resulting coordination of
purpose and effort. This is one step in
congressional reorganization that would
produce immediate benefit, for the Con-
gress as we'll as for the. people of Wash
ington.
Evening star., 1948-04-30
Gurden Publicity

No,D hlacs call attention to
Their shiny, ne,o- -fedged baby leaues.
With sharp young thorns, the rambler
bush
Impattently plucks at my sleeDes.
Proud tulips order royalty,
Shy panstes beg: "Wrtte about MEi"
SUeet hyacfnth, her arms outstretched
To sho,D ttotn blossoms, slim and strong,
Pleads: THESE hare gro1on since
yesterday
Are they not north one little song?"
Each blade OF grass, each budding tree
Prays, In its turn: "Wrtte about MEi"
But Uho lope them all, must not
Discrtminate-ands so, haze tried
To giue each fo,Der publicity,
Hoping they'll all feel satisfied.
One cannot Judge inpdrtially -,
Whose garden puts up such plea.
MAIZE v. CARUTHER0.
Evening star., 1948-04-30
Disapproves Immigration

To the Editor Of The Star:
1t is quite refreshing to note from your paper
that some of the old line American organiza-
tions such as the OAR are opposing more i'm
migration.
So far as I can tell, every foreign name or
ganization in the country has been putting on
all possible pressure to open our doors to more
immigrants. I doubt if the general public
knows that more than 100000 came in last
year, and that of that number at least 147,O00
are to be here permanently.
1t appears from reliable sources that some
100000 families in the United States now are
doubled up," with little real hope of relief in
the shape of new homes in q number Of years.
The school facilities OF the whole country
also have been strained to the breaking point,
requiring the Federal Government to appro-
Evening star., 1948-04-30
Earlier Than Hummurubi

The effort of men to manage their
affairs with organized intelligence is
nothing novel or new. Yale University
recently announced that Professor Albrecht
E. R. Goetz now serving as director of the
Baghdad center of the American Schools
of Oriental Research, has identified a clay
tablet dating from 1900 or 1000 BIC, and
that this document contains a list of
standard prices for such commodities as
grain, oil and copper. Human conduct as
we'll as market conditions was governed
by series of charges. "If man bites
another mans nose and sewers it," said
the law "he pays him one nina of silver"
nina being perhaps as much as a pound
avoirdupoiS-a fairly heavy fine. Knock
ing out tooth or amputating an ear cost
the offender only half as much
Bialama, King of Eshnunna on the east
side of the TigriS near where the small
town of Tell Harmel currently stands,
was the sponsor of the writing translated
by Professor Goetz. Since Iraq was a
much greener, more fertile country in
those ancient days than it is at present,
he probably ruled over numerous people.
Not many of them are likely to have been
nose-biters, but all were subject to the
penalties or benefits of rising or falling
prices for the necessities of life. Hence
the compilation of what the Yale archae-
ologiStS regard as "the oldest code in the
world" The new discovery antedates the
famous legal system of Hammurabi, King
of Babylon by at least two hundred years.
All such attempts to discipline behavior
constructively, however, are related. The
Susa stella in the Louvre in Paris is
piece OF diorite eight feet high, carved
with more than $500 lines of beautiful
cuniform characters setting forth rules
for commercial, social, domestic and moral
procedure. Hammurabi was by no means
the inventor of these stipulations On
the contrary, they had existed for genera
tions, and he merely brought them to-
gether under the supposed supervision of
Marduk, the sun god The scope and span
OF the text prove its antiquity and the
general breadth of its origin. Among the
provisions repeated with royal authority
are rates of wages for laborers, fees of
physicians, compensations for the rental
OF cattle and utensils The similarity of
Hammurabi's code to that discovered by
Professor Goetz is demonstrated by such
phrases as: IF one knocks out the tooth of
Evening star., 1948-04-30
By James Waldo Faucet

The new Ben Franklin half dollar was re-
leased this morning at o'clock. It is avail
able at banks throughout the Nation and at
the cashiers office in the north lobby of the
Treasury Department Building Within few
days it will be in common circulation. Gradu-
ally it will replace the Liberty ifty-cent pieces
entirely.
Mrs. Nellie Tayloe Ross, Director of the Mint
since 1888, is personally responsible for the de-
sign OF the new coin. She says that she has
been "a Poor Richard fan" all her life It has
been hobby with her to study Franklin's own
writings and the books which other men have
written about him. The same reasons which
resulted in the use of portraits OF Washington
Lincoln, Jefferson and Franklin D. Roosevelt
on money prompted her to the decision that
Franklin should be honored. He already ap-
pears on the $100 bill of the current series 1t
seemed good idea to put him on medium
which the average citizen more often sees
The law Of 1873 governing the production of
coins gave Mrs. Ross the privilege OF stipulat-
ing that Franklins efigy should be minted
She asked the late John r. Sinnock, engraver,
sculptor and designer at the Mint in Philadel-
phia, to prepare sketch" He also was q
Poor Richard enthusiast and went to work
with greater zeal on that account To make
WI eeAAA oAAdt tAlC PO1 u dlI really was an au-
thentic likeness, he studied every available
representation of Franklins countenance-
dozens of them. The profile finally approved
is composite 1t does not derive from any
single original.
Emblem Of Liberty Adapted.
Mrs. Ross also had wanted coin showing
the Liberty Bell. If the two ideas could be
combined, she believed the public would be
pleased. So Mr. Sinnock was requested to sub
NIT model with Franklin on one side and the
bell on the other. He chose to depict the
cracked side OF the bell because it was more
apt to be recognized quickly That meant that
the coin must carry the name of the firm of
bellcasters that made the bell, Pass and Stow
OF Philadelphia, and the date of the casting,
1883. With these inscriptions in the finished
model was portion Of the quotation from
Leviticus XIV, 10 with which the bell is
capped Proclaim liberty throughout all the
land unto all the inhabitants thereof" and "By
order of the Assembly Of the Province of
Evening star., 1948-04-30
For Better Local Government

Representatives Smith of Virginia and
SaSscer of Maryland have made out q
good case for the lifting OF Hatch Act
restrictions on participation by Federal
employees in local political campaigns in
nearby Maryland and Virginia Under
existing Civil Service Commission rules,
Government workers liviAg in counties
adjacent to Washington are prohibited
from running for municipal or county
governing bodies, boards of education and
the like except as nonpartiSan candidates.
This puts them at disadvantage in areas
where party candidates are being pro-
NOTED by well-organized political groups.
Yet local governments would benefit mate
rally by greater participation of Federal
employees living in the suburbs.
A reading of Section 16 of the Hatch
Act, as amended on July 10, 1910, makes
it clear that this situation was foreseen
and provided for by Congress. That Sec
ton gives the Civil Service Commission
wide latitude in liberalizing the act to
cover the unique political problems affect
ing the counties near the District. 1t
reads: whenever the Civil Service Com
mission determines that by reason Of
special and unusual circumstances which
exist in any municipality or other political
subdivision in the immediate vicinity of
the National Capital, in the States of Mary
land and Virginia, or in municipalities the
majority of whose voters are employed by
the Government of the United States, it
is in the domestic interest to per-
nit such persons to take an active part in
political management or political cam
paigns involving such municipality or
political subdivision, the commission Is
authorized to promulgate regulations to
permit such persons to take an active part
in such political management and political
campaigns to the extent the commission
deems to be in the domestic interest of
such persons"
This language, boiled down, simply
means that the commission has adequate
power to place municipal and county elec-
tions in nearby Maryland and Virginia
outside the scope of the Hatch Act When
ever the public interest justifies the move.
Unless all of these local elections are to
be conducted on nonpartisan basis, it
would certainly be in the interest of better
local government-and hence in the
interest of the public-to allow Federal
employees free hand in such campaigns
Evening star., 1948-04-30
Letters to The Star
Argentine Claim on the Malvinas

Argentine Claim on the Malvinas
To the Editor of The Star:
As an Argentine citizen, feel compelled to
write to you with regard to the editorial pub
lished by The Star on April a. entitled prog
ress at Bogota'
You said in that editorial that the United
States is opposed to ending the colonial"
status OF non-American possessions in Latin
America, because sit would contravene one of
the basic tenets Of the Monroe Doctrine
existing New World possessions Of non Amer
lean powers should not be interfered with
Furthermore, the weight of evidence tends to
show that the inhabitants of these colonial
possessions do not wish any such change and
might be unfavorably affected, if detached
from their historic connection"
For your information, wish to point out
that in the case of Argentina, it is a we'll
known fact that in 1888, that is, ten years
after the proclamation of the Monroe Doctrine
England took possession by force of the NAL
vinas Islands (Which they call Falklands) using
the same methods that Hitler employed when
he took over Poland. The Malvinas Islands
belong rightly to Argentina. 1t is regrettable
that the Monroe Doctrine, which had been pro-
claimed by the United States ten years before
the British committed their aggression against
Argentine territory, was not enforced at that
time.
This, OF course does not justify by any means
the occupancy by Great Britain of those
islands which rightly belong to u.s. The argu-
ment that "the weight of evidence tends to
show that the inhabitants of these colonial
possessions do not wish any such change" has
no leg to stand on If Argentina had not been
deprived unjustly of her territory in 1888, all
the people of the Malvinas Islands would con-
slider themselves Argentines and would like to
be Argentines. Having been more than one
hundred years under British rule, it is only
natural that they have become "Anglicized."
But, let Argentina take those islands now let
more than one hundred years elapse (as in the
case OF Britain, and we shall see to which
country, Britain or Argentina, they want to
swear their allegiance.
Argentina has an indisputable right to the
Malvinas Islands. To recognize the British
aggression of 1888 as legitimate is against all
the principles of democracy We could in the
same vein recognize the italian occupation of
Ethiopia or the German occupation of Poland.
RAYMUNDO NJ ALSINA.
Evening star., 1948-04-30
Czech-PoIish Merqer Trend

Perhaps the most interesting phase of
the evolution of the band of states in
Eastern Europe behind Moscow's iron
curtain" is the current trend toward a
federative merger of Czechoslovakia and
Poland. Other federative moves, as in
the Balkans, are hindered by historic
rivalrieS or persistent conflicts of economic
or political self-interest Between Poles
and CzechSa however, such hindrances to
merger are relatively absent, while a strong
common interest draws them together
This common interest is their joint
determination to maintain and exploit to
the full the enormous gains at the expense
of Germany which they made at the close
of the late war. Although Czechoslovakia
acquired no German territory, its mass
expulsion of its Sudeten Germans per-
fected its Slavic character and stimulated
its solidarity with Poland against any re-
vival of the former Reich Indeed, both
Czechs and Poles hope that the current
split in Germany will be permanent and
that the RusSian-occupied eastern zone
will be incorporated into the Soviet bloc.
Yet even if this larger objective is not
realized, retention by Poland of Eastern
Germany up to the Oder-Neisse line opens
up far-reaching economic as we'll as DO
litical and strategic possibilities The coal
fields of Upper SileSia are the richest in
Eastern Europe. They form solid basis
not only for Polands enlarged heavy
industry but also for the already we'll
developed heavy industry of Czechoslo-
vakia. This economic integration has
already been notably advanced by the
recent economic agreement signed between
the two governments. This agreement
provided for joint electric power develop
ment, Standardization of some manu-
factured products and common transit
facilities on the River Oder, with a free
port for Czech use at Stettin, the port city
at the OderS mouth. Indeed, the plan is
eventually to divert most of Czech traffic
TO the Oder from the Elbe and its port at
Hamburg.
Such economic planning is, of course,
greatly facilitated by the Communist gov
ernments installed in both countries.
Planned lntegration of Czech and Polish
economies, agricultural as well as indus
trial, could result in detailed division of
functions between the two nations. Logical
compliments of the process would be a
common currency, joint tariffs and joint
selling and buying agencies for foreign
trade, which, under a Communistic sys-
tenn, is state monopoly.
The political aspects Of the projected
Evening star., 1948-04-30
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

BY THE HAsKN SERVICE.
@. Are people eating more than they used
tow. T.
A. The Department Of Agriculture has stated
that the average person is eating over Is per
cent more food than before World War II.
There are also about 100000 more people
eating in the United States than there were
in 1910 when the last census was taken.
O. How many children are confined in
county jais in an average year?-B. C.
A. 1t Is reliably estimated that approximately
10000 children are confined in county jatls
during the course Of a single year.
@. Were the two atomic bombs that were
dropped on Japan in 1945 the only ones pos
sessed by the United States at that timer
%. E. R.
A. In his report on the decision to use the
atomic bomb Henry L. Stimson, former Secre-
tary of War, said THE two atomic bombs
which we had dropped were the only ones we
had ready, and our rate Of production was
then very small"
O. Do animals live longer than human
beings?-N I. r.
ancy than any animal known, except, possibly,
the tortoise.
O. What is the membership of the organiza-
ton known as Jehovahs Witnesses? When
was it founded?-D. w.
A. Membership was reported in 1947 at ap-
proximately 100000 in the United States, and
nearly 100000 all over the world. Jehovahs
Witnesses goes back to 18R, when Presby-
terian named Russell organized Bible class in
Allegheny, Pa, ito begin q thorough study Of
the Scriptures From this developed lions
Watchtower Tract Society, the corporation
name of Jehovah's Witnesses.
O. Who was the first person to notice that
dental decay was practically unknown among
the old residents of Deaf Smith County, Tex?
N E.B
A. The absence of tooth decay first puzzled
DR.. George w. Heard Of Hereford, Deaf Smith
County, after he had moved there from Ala
bama to practice dentistry.
O. Is there any possible scientific explanation
for the old belief that the image of a murderer
remained in his victims eye?-C. OBJ.
A. The Better Vision Institute says that there
Is not. Science cannot see effectively what
impression was left upon dead persons eye
any more than it can tell what was in his mind
by examining his brain.
@. What is the best way to pick up very
small particles of a broken glass?-P. M.
A. Fine particles of broken glass can be
safely and easily picked up by means of piece
Of absorbent cotton that has been moistened
with water.
@. Which Of the Presidents wore boards or
mustaches?-R. M. T.
A. Presidents Lincoln, Grant, Hayes, Gar-
field, Arthur and BENJAMIN Harrison wore
boards. Presidents Cleveland, Theodore Roose-
welt, and Taft wore mustaches
Evening star., 1948-04-30

Pennsylvania for the State House in the City
of Philadelphia, 1752."
In its premier form the model prepared by
Mr.. Sinnock did not read Half Dollar" The
war was in progress while he was working on
the design, and small change was needed more
than f1fty-cent pieces So for several months
there was chance that Franklin would adorn
three-penny or half-dime coin. Congress
had authorized a three-cent piece, and the
Mint was ready to 60 ahead with production Of
1t when the Germans and then the Japanese
surrendered.
Meanwhile, Mrs. Ross kept the Franklin
Liberty Bell idea in mind, hoping that even
tually 1t could be issued. Shortages of ma
terials and of skilled labor delayed the plan
until last autumn. Before 1t was feasible to
proceed with actual manufacture, Mr.. Snnock
suddenly died. May IA, 1947. His assistant,
Gilroy Roberts, touched up his model and
added an eagle to meet the requirement of
the law, symbolizing the power and authority
OF Congress The date also was corrected to
read "1948." MIR. Sinnock had provided "E
PluribuS Unum" to accompany the Liberty
Bell and I'm God We Trust" the Franklin
profile. His own initials, "JRS," are discern
ible under Poor Richards shoulder.
Franklin Critical of Portrait Coins.
A curious sidelght on Franklin was recalled
by Mrs. Ross in an address she delivered at
banquet given by the Franklin Institute in
Philadelphia last night. "He Is on record as
disappearing the use OF portraits on coins"
she explained. But probably it was royal heads
he most objected to- Had he known in his day
that $50 years hence his image would be placed
on coin of this, his native land, to whose
service his life was consecrated, we may as
sumo, believe that he would not have been
seriously displeased.'
The new half dollar is being minted at
Philadelphia and Denver coincidentally. A
total of 100000 will come from the former
and 3,500,000 from the latter The Denver
edition will be marked 3D." Each coin is in
dividually struck The operation requires about
half second. Twelve presses are in action at
Philadelphia eight hours each day five days a
week.
Each ffty-cent piece is 80 per cent silver,
10 per cent copper alloy. The first half dollar
was struck in 1894.
Evening star., 1948-04-30

merger are not so far elaborated. The
logical goal would be federation, with
separate legislatures and local admins
tration, but with a joint executive, defense
and diplomatic representation.
Naturally, all this involves the attitude
of Soviet Russia, the virtual suzerain of
both Czechoslovakia and Poland The
supposition is that, thus far, Moscow
approves of what has been done or is
definitely proposed. Whether Moscow will
favor complete merger and what will be
its attitude toward the destiny of the
eastern zone of Germany are still matters
of speculation.