davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-03-05
Parliament Majority
Now Opposes Finnish
Alliance With Soviet
Two Minority Parties
Take Stond; Decision
Rests With President
U. S. STOPS EXTRADITING Ger
mans sought for Czech trials.
Page Al.
BY the Associated Press

By the Associated Press
HELSINKI. Finland, Mar. s.
Two minority parties today an.
nounced their opposition to en-
tering into a military alliance
with Russia. Their stand means
that parties representing a ma.
jority of the members of Par.
lament now are aligned against
such a tie. ..-.......
The minority parties--the Con
servatiyes and the Liberals- joinet
other parties and blocs, however, II
approving the opening of negotia'
tionS with the Soviet Union on Z
friendship and mutual assistanc,
pact as suggested last week by
Prime Minister Stain.
The final decisfon on the answer
to Russia now rests with Presiden
Juho- Paasikivi, q statesman with
long experience in dealing with tn,
Russians. Parliament would be re.
quired to ratify any treaty after 1T
conclusion.
Plan Formal Reply Today.
The Conservatives, with 20 seats
in Parliament. and the Liberals
with nine, will deliver their forma
response to the President late to.
day. The Social Democrats, with
48 seats, and the Swedish Party
with IS, already have recommended
to Mr.. Paasikivi that he appoint 9
delegation to negotiate. Together
the four represent 10l of Parlia.
ment's 200 seats.
The Popular Front, OF Com.
munists and Radical Socialists, has
urged acceptance of negotiation.
toward a full military pact. They
have 81 parliamentary seats.
The Agrarians, who hold the
other 48 seats, are expected to max.
their stand public some time today
There were some unconfirmed re.
ports that the President already hal
drafted his reply to Stain.
"No Chance to Refuse"
In responding to the PRESIDENT
request for parliamentary guidance
the Social Democrats emphasized
that Finland has mo chance to re-
fuse" Stalin's proposal for negotia'
tionS.
At the same time, the party sale
negotiations must be conducted OF
the premise that "our nation wants
to maintain neutrality. The grea
maj ajority of our 'peace-loving people
is against binding our country tt
military alliances and wants to dt
everything possible to keep ou
country out of possible conflicts"
Great weight was attached to thu
lSee INLAND. Page A.4O
Evening star., 1948-03-05
Full Committee
|0verrides Stand
On Civil Rights
House Unit Reversed
On Deprivine States
Of Federal Funds
BY me Assoeiotsd Press

The Republican dominated
House Appropriations Committee
refused today to mix into the
civil rights fight.
1t turned down in closed session 0
subcommittee recommendation that
Congress withhold Federal money
for hospital building and vocational
education from States that deny
Negroes equal educational and Job
opportunities.
The recommendation was made
by subcommittee headed by Rep
resentative Keefe, Republican, Of
Wisconsin. 1t was knocked out by
vote of IS to 6.
The full committees last-minute
action in overriding the Keefe group
was unusual. subcommittee almost
always win their points in the COM
nittee.
Would Involve 170 Million.
The subcommittee put the anti.
discrimination clause into a $1,017.-
851 900 bill to supply the Labor De-
partment and the Federal Security
Agency with funds for the year
starting July l.
An attempt to restore the pro-
vision will be made when the bill
comes before the House for debate
next week.
Upwards of $17o,ooOooo of the
bills funds would have been af-
fected by the provision. The largest
of these is $135, 900 900 for hospital
construction. On these funds. the
States and local governments put
up So for each dollar furnished by
the Federal Government.
The motion that struck the anti
discrimination amendment from
the bill was made by Representative
Whitten, Democrat, Of Mississippi.
1t carried after almost three
hours Of wrangling behind closed
| doors.
Members said the majority felt
that the provision did not belong in
an appropriation bill: That civil
rights proposals should be handled
in separate legislation.
Other Items In. Bill.
Another $18,000000 In the bill Is
for vocational rehabilitation grants
for the training of blind, deaf and
otherwise handicapped persons. And
Sls,8z2T6o Is for vocational educa-
ton grants for such things as craft
training In and out Of schools.
States match these funds $3.50.
The $1,017.85l 900 total in the bill
includes $li2,445, ,750 in contract au-
thority for which money must be
appropriated later.
The $905, ,405, $50 actual cash rec
commended is 30,119,37s or about 3
per cent below the amount President
Truman asked. But the total Is only
about per cent less than the same
agencies received for the present
year.
The committee put off for future
study budget requests of $989, ,523,-
600 for the United States Employ
ment Service, the Social Security
administration and mental health
activities of the Public Health
Service.
BY way of explanation the COM
mittee said the United States En-
ployment Service, which includes
the Veterans Employment Service,
now is the subject Of presidential
reorganization plan which the
House, but not the Senate, has re-
jected.
The Social Security allotment was
Evening star., 1948-03-05
By J. A, OLeoN

A three-man House Un-Amer-
lean Activities Subcommittee
voted unanimously today ito
recommend full open hearings
into allegations that DR.. Edward
U. Condor, director of the Bu-
reau of Standards, has associated
with alleged Soviet espionage
agents and is the weakest link
in atomic energy security"
Action came after preliminary
open hearing at which John L.
Towne, secretary of the Commerce
Department Loyalty Board, stead
fastly adhered to the refusal last
night of Secretary of Commerce
Hartman to turn over the records
which led the board to give DR.
Condor q clean bill on loyalty last
month.
The stocky, good-natured DR..
Condor came to the hearing as a
spectator, listened to the committee
Evening star., 1948-03-05
Open Hearings
0nCondonVoted
By House Group
Standards Director
Attends Preliminary
Session on Charges
BULLETIN

Representative Hoffman, Re-
publican, of Michigan, today
proposed a new law giving all
congressional com mitte es
broader power to obtain docu-
ments from Government agen-
cies in connectio / with investi-
cations. 1t must be referred to
a committee for study before
either branch acts on it.
Evening star., 1948-03-05
By Thomos R. Henry

1t high time that smearng of American scientists with
dsoyalty with capacity at all to
any judgments the value scientific information be
stopped Condo director of the Bureau of Stand
under fire of the House Committee on Un-
American Activities said in interview today.
Evening star., 1948-03-05
By Joseph A. Fox

KEY WEST, Fla, Mar. s.
President Truman left by plane
at 9:05 am. today for Washing
ton, where he will meet with his
cabinet late today. He was due
in Washington shortly after
2 pm.
The President wound up his yaca-
ton after acting to head OH a
strike at the Oak Ridge CTenn.)
atomic energy plant.
He called the cabinet to meet at
Evening star., 1948-03-05
The Issue, Dr.. Condor Says,
Is Competence of Our Censors
Security Should Be Enforced by Scientists,
Not the UNIFORMED, Bureau Head Asserts

Condon under fire OF the House Committee
UnAmerican Activities freely his pseDs on science and
security Star Science Writer Henry the toloOng nterpew
Evening star., 1948-03-05
By Gould Lincoln
Stor Ssoff Correspondent

MANCHESTER, N. H., Mar. s.
Unless there is a political upset
in next Tuesdays primary elec-
tions, Gov. Dewey should win at
least five out of the eight dele
gates New Hampshire will send
to the Republican National Con-
vention next June.
Former Gov. Harold E. Stassen OF
Minnesota, Gov. Deweys opponent
in the contest for delegates, has
made a good impression in his ac-
tive campaign~in the State. Some
of his supporters contend Mr.. stas-
sen will take from five to seven
Evening star., 1948-03-05
bulletin

BUIIETIN
President Truman returned
today from his southern vaca-
ton. His plane arrived from
Key West, Fla, at 2:06 pm.
Evening star., 1948-03-05

STASSEN SAYS THIRD party move
is bad for Nation. Page A.
NEW ANTI-TRUMAN bill to get
hearing in Richmond today.
Page AZ.
Evening star., 1948-03-05

(see SUPPLIES, Page A-4D
Evening star., 1948-03-05

1see APPROPRIATIONS, Page A-5J
Evening star., 1948-03-05

(See FINLAND, Page "A
Roanoke Rapids daily herald., 1948-09-20

\Y/EEK-DAYs they're me-
w ehonies, students, taxi
drivers, youths from many
walks Of life. Sundays they
step out of their routine ex-
istenee into a world of dizzy
speed, euf-throot eomPeti-
ton, narrow escapes - and
sometimes death. They're
hot rod jockeys, the young
doredeviis who drive
sovPed-vp iolopies. Hot rods
often ore combinations of
mony cars. From the expert
ments Of the hot rod Jockeys
in putting these strange
looking eonfruptions togefh-
er have sfemmed many de-
veIopments in a utomobiie
construction. Hot rod oeei-
dents have been reduced 30
per cent in Denver, where
these pictures were token,
by supervision Of the Colo
rodo Avtomob bile Racing
Club. The CARO- hos OBJ
toined a track. protects the
crowds with barriers and the
drivers with racing regvIu-
tions. As a result, the sport
is booming in popularity.
Evening star., 1948-06-06
FIGHTING LADY
Continued from, page eigM

Continued from page eigM
believe that the presence of a
woman where they are working
will mean disaster.
When the news of this reac-
ton reached Miss Miller, she
knitted her brows, but soon
unraveled them. A few days
later the sandhogs scarcely
noticed the bulky figure in
heavy coveralls and cap poking
around among the ventilators,
gas detectors and other safety
equipment in the tunnel.
The Men Did Better
SHE brought the same zeal to
the Women's Bureau when she
became its director in 1914. One
of the top items on her program
is equal pay for equal work. A
l945 Bureau study of u i'm
portant job classihcations found
that in all but one men were
being paid from four cents to
rs cents an hour more than
women, regardless of efficiency.
Publication of these figures has
already helped change them.
Today nine states have
laws guaranteeing equal pay
for equal work. Several others
are considering such laws.
Another Bureau project. which
millions of housewives can heart
lily endorse, is improvement of
the conditions of domestic serv-
ice. Over 100000 women are
still employed in this work, but
they are far too few. BY setting
standards for hours, wages,
vacations, training and place
ment, the Bureau hopes to make
the job dignified and moderately
attractive.
She Was Staxry-Eyed
LATELY, Miss Miller has been
working on international CO.
operation among working
women. Many foreign visitors
have come here to study her
methods. Most of them are en-
thusiastic about the Bureaus
activities. But one European
lady offered a comment which
the Bureau found a little dis
concerting.
you American women have
certainly made great progress
politically" she granted. Then
she grew starry eyed.
But your homes - and espe-
cially your kitchens! They are
like palaces. American house
wives are the luckiest women in
the world!" The End
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15
A Healthy Farm Mortgage Situation

FARMERS and stockgrowers will be in a
4 better position to weather any economic
storms that develop as an aftermath of
World war 2 than they were after World
war because they are operating on a
more solid financial foundation.
During the World war l prosperity and
during similar periods in the past farmers
and ranchers increased their debts. In good
times farmers nave been inclined to expand
their holdings, purchase more extensive
layouts of farm machinery, improve their
farms, and erect houses and other buildings.
Their wants nave tended to run ahead of
their current incomes So they have Dor
rowed money with the hope that the good
times would continue. But too often the
money borrowed in years of prosperity has
been paid back the hard way during less
favorable times.
But, as the federal reserve bank of Min
neapolis pointed out recently, this historic
farm debt pattern was not followed during
the World war 2 prosperity. Instead of GO
ing into debt, farmers and ranchers actually
reduced their real estate Indebtedness
sharply.
Census data show that while So percent
OF Montana'S farms and ranches were mort
gagged in 1880 less than % percent were
June IS. l94s
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15

under mortgage in 1915. And the total
amount of farm mortgage debt in Montana
is less than half what it was in 1910.
This amazingly favorable reversal of the
of factors. For one thing there was an in
tensive educational program directed
against speculation in farm land to which
farmers responded because they remem-
bered the serious losses that resulted during
World war 1. Then, too, farm machinery,
automobiles, equipment and building sup
plies generally were scarce and difficult to
obtain. Money that might otherwise have
been spent was invested in u. S.. savings
bonds. Another very important factor was
the record production coupled with high
prices for farm products. This enabled pro-
ducers to buy necessary equipment and
land without going into debt.
There has been a moderate increase in
farm Indebtedness during the past year and
this trend is likely to continue for a while.
Many older farmers are retiring and selling,
or leasing, their lane to Younger farmers
who may need some credit to get started.
There is also an accumulated need for farm
improvements, equipment purchase and soil
conservation. There will be a natural and
proper use of credit for these and other pur-
poses.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15
Questions About New Weed Chemicals

spraying effective? Under what conditions
will treatment of weeds in the fall be prac-
teal?
These are but a few of the questions farm
ers are asking about 2,4-D and the other
chemicals. The answers will come eventu-
ally from the agricultural experiment sta
tons, from federal research workers, from
the investigations of commercial organiza-
tons and from the experience of the farm
ers themselves.
Montana Farmer-Stockman will continue
to make information available to its readers
as rapidly as it comes from all of these
sources. We are keeping in close touch with
the research agencies and we urge our farm
er readers to report their experiences to us
in order that a full understanding of these
new chemicals may be attained as quickly
as possible.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15

that in the first stage of this complex proc
ess carbon dioxide combines with some sub
stance which the researchers nave not
been able to identify. This first step re-
quires no sunlight but it appears to be an
essential preliminary to the growth process.
Plant growth regulators, growth stimu-
lators, the effect of fertilizers, animal and
plant diseases, the action of insecticides and
weed chemicals, and many other subjects
are also being investigated by the physicists
and chemists through the use of atomic ma
terials. The results of some of these studies
could easily lave revolutionary effects
upon agricultural and industrial methods
and practices in the years ahead.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15

WEED-KILLING chemicals have been
W developed SO recently and their use
has increased SO rapidly that there is still a
great deal we do not know about how they
work, and about their possibilities and lin
i~tations.
While some fairly definite information is
now available as to the relative susceptible
ity of some of the more important weeds to
the commonly recommended solutions of
2,4-D we know too little about the minimum
amounts of the chemical required to do an
effective job under varying conditions and
with different kinds of plants.
How much of the chemical can b. used
without hurting this or that crop? How lit
tie can be used and still kill this or that
weed? Will long continued use of the chem
ical have any unfavorable effect upon the
soil. Under what conditions is pre-emergent
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15
Frying Into the Secrets of Nature
The Editors Page

A TONIC scientists are hopeful that their
"A use of radioactive ~tracers will enable
them to solve one of natures greatest Sc
crets. That secret is the basic process of
plant growth, the process through which
plants use sunlight to turn the carbon di-
oxide of the air into sugars and starches.
If the research specialists can learn the
details of that operation they might pos
sibly be able to duplicate it by synthetic
means. And if they do that they may be
able to produce gasoline, coal and other
materials by factory methods.
A start has already been made in delving
into the secret of plant growth. Utilizing
radioactive tracers the scientists now know
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-06-15
Straws in the Wind


A shower bath is worth a lot after a hot,
dusty day in the field but less than 20 per-
cent of Montana's farms were equipped with
a pressure water system when the 1915
census was taken. Many farm homes nave
added this service since then but the num-
Der is still far too low.
Prices received by farmers are now POI
percent of 1904 while prices paid by farm
ers are 247 percent. There is still a margin
in favor of the farmer but it has narrowed
somewhat in recent months.
An opinion poll conducted among Iowa
farm people indicated that "A percent favor
a military draft bill, % percent oppose it
and q percent are undecided.
Economists of USDA look for favorable
opportunities in livestock feeding and dairy
ing e fall and for some time in the fu-
ture because they expect feed prices to
decline faster than prices of livestock and
dairy products.
Plans for expansion in sheep should be
based on the prospective demand for lamb
rather than wool since wool prices are de-
pClhiiliCd idASSly ny supply dnO QSiudIlu
conditions outside the United States says
Charles Burmeister, USDA economist.
4 =
If you think the people of the United
States are the greatest meat eaters in the
world you will be surprised to know that
they a below those of New Zealand,
Argentina and Australia in this respect.
Per capita meat consumption in the United
States in 1947 was 155 pounds. In the same
year per capita consumption in New Zea-
land was 262 pounds, in Argentina 235
pounds and in Australia 1876 pounds. Den
mark, Canada and the United Kingdom
named.
Human nature itself is probably the
toughest problem to be encountered by the
Economic Cooperation administration in it's
European relief activities. Uncle Sam will
be welcomed as long as he passes out the
funds for relief and rehabilitation but when
the financial help is curtailed, as it must be
later on, the Uncle Shylock" attitude to-
ward America is likely to return.
With economic conditions as they are and
markets subject to changes in the interna-
tlonal situation which cannot be forecast.
farmers and livestock producers might lust
as well confine their thought and energy
to the most efficient production of the COM
mod1tles for which their land and expert
ence are best suited. In the long run the
efficient producer will come out all right.
Evening star., 1948-09-01
Stevenson S Majority
In Texas Is Only 349
BY the Associated Press

DALLAS, Tex, Sept. 1.-Out OF
nearly million votes cast IN the
August % Democratic runoff for
Senate, Coke Stevenson today held
"a handful majority of only 349 in
perhaps the closest major race in
Texas political history.
The 60-year-old rancher and war
time Governor of Texas had 494.555
votes, against 494.2O6 for his oppo-
nent, Representative Lyndon B.
Johnson.
Mr.. Stevenson's margin is based
on returns reported to the Texas
Election Bureau at Dallas. 1t esti-
mated last night that approximately
40 votes remain unaccounted for in
the only county not listed as COM
plete. .r. ..r
Revisions are expected to alter the
final count, which is unofficial.
Both candidates awaited the Off
cial canvass of votes to decide the
winner. A State Democratic Ex-
ecutive Committee Subcommittee
will make that canvass in Fort
Worth September 49,
The winner is the Democratic
nominee which in Texas is equiv
alent to election. He will replace
w. Lee 'Pappy) O'Daniel. the
States junior Senator, who did not
seek reelection.
Evening star., 1948-09-01
Baltimore Mayor Aids
Fight htAgainstCancer
By the Associofed Press

BALTIMORE. Sept. 1.-Baltimore
the home of Babe Ruth, has taken
two steps to help in the campaign
against cancer, the diease which
took the life of the home run king
The city has made its Municipal
Stadium available October for an
all-star polo game for benefit OF
the Damon Runyon Cancer Fund
1t will he the first polo game in
the stadium.
At the same time, Mayor Thomas
D'Alesandro proposed that a Ma
tional Babe Ruth Memorial Fund be
given to Johns Hopkins Hospital for
cancer research.
The Baltimore chief executive
made his suggestion at conference
with Representatives of the Mayors
in Massachusetts,. They started the
memorial program and offered MI
D'Alesandro the Craftsmanship.
The Massachusetts Mayors pro-
posed that funds raised be used to
established a cancer hospital either
in Boston, where Babe Ruth made
his first jor league appearance
or in Baltimore. Mayor D'Alesandro
suggested that more money would
be available for research if the funds
were turned over to an established
hospital.
Evening star., 1948-09-01
Pilot Feared Drowned
In Patuxent Air Crash
spseiaI pisposeh 70 The ssor

LEoNARDToWN, Md, Sept. L.
The pilot was believed drowned and
another man swan to shore last
night after Piper Cub plane
crashed in the Patuxent River oppo-
site Clarks Landing near the Patux.
ent Naval Air Station.
The missing pilot is Harold G.
Hills, %, of Lexington Park, St.
Marys County, father of l3-
month-old son. Navy, Coast Guard
and private boats sought his body
today, according to Sheriff Willard
B. Long.
Survivor of the crash Is E. E.
Clark. about %, of California, st.
Marys County, Md.
Mr. Hills young wife, Elma, saw
the plane Immediately after it nose
dived into the water. 1t had made
one attempt to land on a field near
the water, but assembled to avoid
hitting cows. AS 1t made another
turn over the water 1t suddenly
plunged.
Mr.. Clark said they both started
swimming ashore and the pilot be-
gan to tire. He advised Mr.. Hills
to turn back to the plane and wait
for help.
Mr.. Hills is the son of James o,
Hills, owner of Hills Dry Cleaners.
Evening star., 1948-09-01
Cripple Dies After Fall Trying
ToWoIk for Brothers Funeral

OBrien, recalled yesterday. why
Philip was like mother to that
poor boy. James took it hard"
The crippled man went back to
his wheelchair, his proud deter
mination to walk forgotten.
Two weeks ago. Mrs. O'Brien was
notified that Philips body was being
returned to the United States fol
reburial at Dayton, Ohio, the former
O'5rien home Services were sci
for tomorrow.
I'VE told James and he was sc
happy" Mrs. O'Brien went on. He
began to walk again. The doctor
told him he could be on his feet
maybe half an hour day. He
stayed up all that time
The family knew he had set his
heart on attending Philips funeral
as a last mark of devotion to the
boy he loved.
He walked and walked and we
began to think he could make the
trip all right" Mrs. O'Brien con-
tinued softly.
Saturday, however, James stum-
bled, fell and broke his hip. We
knew Immediately he never could
make his pilgrimage to Dayton.
Il guess it was just too much for
him. Mrs. O'Brien saaid. He just
didn't have the strength to recover"
The heartbroken James died Sum-
day.
But he'll go to Dayton on his
pilgrimage after all.
Well bury the boys together Mrs.
O'Brien said. Maybe, somehow,
that will make James happy"
Evening star., 1948-09-01

But the war came along and the
Army called Philip. With tears in
his eyes, the cripple watched the
sturdy youngster march away. Then
he settled down to await Philips
return.
AS a surprise for the younger boy,
James decided he would learn to
walk during Philips absence. He
would be on his feet to greet the
lad when he came home from war.
But Philip never came home. He
was killed at Leyte in 1914.
Il guess it was Philips death that
hurt James most" the widowed
mother of the two. Mrs. Rebecca