davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-12-20
HighCourtRuIes
ItIsPowerIess
In Jap Cases
Decides, 6 to !, ItCon't t
Review Decisions of
International Tribunal
BY the Associated Press

The Supreme Court today re-
fused to interfere with the In
ternational Military Tribuna.
which condemned former Pre-
mier TOTO and six other japanese
war lords to death.
The court, by vote of 6 to l, de-
cided it had no authority over the
11-nation tribunal.
With this decision the Supreme
Court turned down requests by con-
victed Japanese wartime officials
that it:
l. Consider their appeals.
2. Declare the international tri-
bunal illegal.
8 Order their immediate release
The refusal presumably seals the
doom of TOTO and the six Others
who were sentenced to die on the
gallows. Gen. Macarthur confirmed
their sentences. but stayed the exc.
cutlons until the Supreme Court
acted.
Justice Murphy Dissents.
Justice Murphy dissented from
the courts decision but wrote nc
opinion.
Justice Rutledge reserved decision
at this time and said that announce
ment Of his vote would be made
later on. Justice Jackson took nc
part in the final vote.
The other six members of the
high court-Chief Justice VinSor
and Justices Black, Reed. Frank
furter, Douglas and Burton-saic
in a brief, unsigned opinion:
I'VE are satisfied that the tribunal
sentencing these petitioners is not
tribunal of the United States.
THE United States and other
Allied countries conquered and nov
occupy and control Japan. Gen
Douglas Macarthur has been Sc
lected and is acting as the supreme
commander for the Allied powers
The military tribunal sentencing
these petitioners tthe Japanese
has been set up by Gen. Macarthur
as the agent of the Allied powers.
No Authority to Review. y
Under the foregoing circum-
stances the courts of the United
States have no power or authority
to review, to affirm, set aside or an
nul the judgments and sentences
imposed on these petitioners, and
for this reason the motions for
leave to file petitions for writ for
habeas corpus are denied"
The opinion, called technically a
"per curiam" opinion, presumably
was written by Chief Justice Vinson.
The Chief Justice ordinarily writes
such opinions.
The court agreed two weeks ago
to grant hearing on petition of
two of the convicted Japanese-Gen
Kenji Doihara and Koki Hirota
former PREMIER of Japan. At that
time the court split 4-to-4 and JUS
tice Jackson cast the deciding vote
saying important issues were at
stake and the court should rule on
the question
Arguments were heard last week
with Solicitor General Philip B
Pearlman. representing the Gov
eminent. arguing that the court had
no jurisdiction over the internation-
al tribunal
Evening star., 1948-12-20
New York Digging 0ul
From Third Heaviest
Snow in History
Transportation Is Slowed;
At Least Is Deaths Are
Blamed on Storm in East
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK, Dec. 2O.-The
worst the weather could do-19.5
inches of snow-Wasn't enough
to smother the Nations largest
city today.
However, at least 16 persons were
dead as a result of the storm that
swirled across the Northeast yester-
day and early today. There were
five casualties in New York City, five
in New Jersey and six others in New
England. Most of the casualties
were blamed on exhaustion.
Icy roads left by the SHOWS sweep
over the Midwest figured in at least
six traffic crash deaths in Northern
Illinois.
New York bore the brunt of the
storm-third heaviest snow in the
city's history.
Started Shoveling Early.
Using experience gathered in the
record 258 inch fall of last Decem-
ber 26 and 27. the Metropolitan area
started shovehng early. AS result
nearly everything was moving
though slowly.
Commuters from suburban areas
found trains few minutes late and
buses and trolleys slow. But they
got to work. Subways and elevated
lines in the city were operating near
normal.
Only the Long Island Railroad,
paralyzed in last December's blizzard
announced the cancellation of "a
regular morning rush-hour trains.
The important commuter line had
met increasing difficulties in the
early morning, caused by mechan-
ical failures of equipment and drift
ing snow.
The snow, which started falling
in the city at $40 am. yesterday,
began to abate at pm. and ended
at 2:10 am. today.
Storm Goes Out to Sea.
The storm, which roared up the
Atlantic Coast with high winds,
was moving farther out to sea to-
day, after sweeping much of the
Northeast and giving many sections
their heaviest snow of the season.
Areas hit included large parts of
(See SNOWSTORM. Page A-3)
Evening star., 1948-12-20

barrels, tables, ladders, chairs OF
anything else that could be used as
seat. OF course, a seat could be
bought in the official stands.
/ Violators would be fined up to
$1O0, or if they can't pay be sent to
the District workhouse for up to 60
days.
Maj. Barretts proposed regula-
tions also require persons renting
rooms to transients during the fes-
tivities to register with the Inaug-
ural Committee. Persons renting
space in buildings along the parade
route must keep a register of who
uses the space and report any sus-
! piciouS persons or actions.
The plan also includes a general
parking ban in large part of the
downtown area during the "a hours
of January 20 as well as the clos
ing of streets necessary to the pa
rade.
Evening star., 1948-12-20
Battle Roges Around Tientsin;
Premier Bans Any Surrender
New Chinese Cabinet Formed, Possibility
OfRed Compromise Not Ruled Out

promise with the Communists, he
replied:
1T takes two sides to compromise
This cabinet is not a cabinet o1
surrender"
Red forces have severed rail anc
telegraph communications between
Tientsin and its port city of Tangku
q miles down the Hwai River, pro.
government newspapers said.
The stepped-up North China
fighting left both Tientsin ano
ancient Pieping, 80 miles northwest
of Tientsin, isolated.
The Tientsin airport, 10 miles
from town, was under Communist
artillery fire. Ships, the newspapers
said, were not permitted to leave
Tangku, although the town itself
still was in National hands.
At least two divisions of nationa
troops were said to be trying to re-
take Peiping's south airport, which
the Communists had wrested from,
government forces.
Spencer Moosa, Associated Press
correspondent in Peiping, said q
tSee CHINA, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1948-12-20
Supreme Court Approves, S.,
ANFederoI Worker D. C.. Jury
Frazier Narcotic Conviction Upheld;
'BIemish on Name of Justice, Dissent Says

|teed by the sixth amendment to the
Constitution.
/ The dissenting opinion was writ
ten by Justice Jackson, with whom
Justices Frankfurter, Douglas and
Murphy joined. Justice Jackson
wrote:
"On one proposition I should
expect trial lawyers to be nearly
unanimous: That a jury, every
member of which is in the hire of
one Of the litigants, lacks something
of being an impersonal jury"
Criminal cases are brought in the
name Of the United States. Justice
Jackson asserted that it cannot be
denied that jury composed entirely
of Federal employees has a one
ISee IIIPv pooe AL
Evening star., 1948-12-20
Truck-Troin Crash Kills
al Near Buenos Aires
BY the Associated Press

BUENOS AIRES, Dec. 2o-For-
ty-one persons were killed yesterday
when a truck carrying AZ picnickers
rolled down a hill into the side Of
a train.
A watchman who witnessed the
crash, on the outskirts of Buenos
Aires, said the trucks brakes ap-
parently failed on the steep hill.
Some of the others in the truck
were injured. Railroad authorities
said one of the passengers on the
train was hurt,
Evening star., 1948-12-20
|ndonesian Republic
Asks U. 5. 10 Support
Struggle With Dutch
Official Also Requests
Rolting of Aid to HoIIons
Under Marshall Plan
NETHERLANDS TELLS U.N. Coun-
ell That Intervention in Indonesia
would Be Useless. Page A-4
By Gornett D. Horner

The Indonesian Republic today
asked the United States for "po-
litical and economic support" in
its struggle with the Dutch.
DR.. Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo
ranking Indonesian representative
in this country now, said he made
the formal request" in a 45-minute
conference with Acting Secretary of
State Lovett.
DR.. Soemitro told reporters he
also asked that the United States:
l. Take into serious considera-
ticn' shutting off Marshall Plan aid
to Holland.
2. Give full assistance in lifting
the tWo-year Dutch blockade of the
1ndonesian Republic.
Believed Surprise to Z. S.
He said MIR. Lovett expressed
great and grave concern" over the
renewal of fighting in Indonesia.
The Dutch attack on the republic
apparently came as a complete
surprise to the State Department,
DR.. SoeUitro said
American concern over the situa-
ton was indicated by two other
conferences on Mr.. Lovett's schedule
today. Australian Ambassador Nor
man j. o. Maxim saw Mr.. Loyett
Immediately after the Indonesian
representative left his office. Sir
Bengal Rama Rau, Indian Ambas-
sador, had an appointment with Mr..
Lovett later in the day. DR.. Soemi-
tro said those conferences also con-
Germ the Indonesian situation. Am
bassador Maxim told reporters he
had discussed the matter with Mr..
LoVett but he declined to elaborate.
The State Department refused
any comment on Mr.. Lovett's con-
ferenceS today or this Government S
attitude toward the turn of events
in Indonesia. Lincoln White, de-
partment press officer. said the
United States position will be stated
in the United Nations Security
Council.
Charging that the Dutch attacked
without warning while I'VE still were
In a stage of negotiations, DR.
Soemitro said the attack will not
bring the professed Dutch aim OF
restoroing law and order.
Despite the capture of its top lead
ers, DR.. Soemitro said, the Indo-
nesian republic government will
continue functioning. He said the
young ,republicSwas all set" for pro-
tracted guerrilla warfare, and that
arrangements had been made for
outside assistance to strengthen the
fight lin all respects"
You are witnessing now only the
beginning of whole chain of fate
full events" the Indonesian repre-
sentative emphasized.
He said the Indonesian govern
ment would continue to do its best
to check Communists in the coun-
try, but told reporters he feared the
renewed fighting will gravely in
crease the danger of Communism. >
DR.. Soemitro is the Indonesian
trade and finance representative to
the United Nations, with headquar-
ters in New York. He came to
Washington by train last night for
his conference with Mr.. Lovett to-
day and said he was returning to
New York this afternoon
Evening star., 1948-12-20
Victor MeLoqIen to Wed

RENO, New, Dec. 20 R).-Actor
Victor McLaglen said he and Mrs
Margaret Pumphrey, formerly OF
Seattle, would be married here to-
day. The couple came here Saturday
from Hollywood 1t will be Mr.
McLaglen's third marriage, Mrs
Humphreys second.
Evening star., 1948-12-20
Star to Seek Divorce

Ell PASO, Tex. Dec. 20 (P.-
Screen Star Merle Oberon has
made a date for January l to
appear in court at Juarez, Mexico
to seek a divorce from Lucien
Ballard, comeraman, Attorney VIII
liam A. Cooke said.
Evening star., 1948-12-20
Railroad Executive Dies

CHICAGO, Dec. 20 R.-Thomas
Alex Graham, 54, general auditor
for the Chicago, Rock Island &
Pacific Railroad, died of an ap-
parent heart attack in his home
here last night.
Evening star., 1948-12-20

(See WEATHER, Page A
Evening star., 1948-12-20

(See INDONESIA, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1948-12-20

tSee PROFITS, Page A-2D
Evening star., 1948-12-20

(See JURY, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1948-12-20

(See UPSHAW, Page A-6.l
Evening star., 1948-12-20
Guide for Readers

An Associated Press Newspop
Evening star., 1948-12-20

tSee CHINA, Page A-4D
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1948-12-24
Page 8-Ma1tin City

Martin City turned out Wednes
day evening for a BoomtoWr
Builders sponsored farewell party
for Rev. James Schofield, the
communitys first pastor.
1t became a community song
fest including color travel NOV
les shown by A. A. Brownson, and
finally lunch with home-baked cak-
as brought by the ladies. Reverend
Schofield was presented with a
gift; the affair was held in the
Knotty Pine Inn.
The six-foot, red haired former
army chaplain came to Martin
City in March, 1947. His first
church was a tent structure. Last
spring a new log church was
completed.
& Active in the community, he
mixed healthy outdoor sports such
as swimming classes with his bible
schools, and undoubtedly on pop
ulation basis Martin City lead the
county for bible school attendance.
Reverend Schofield served as pre-
sident of the Boomtown Builders;
helped organize the first scout
troup and became scoutmaster.
He leaves Tuesday for Doran,
MINI.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1948-12-24
Full Church Enjoys
Christmas Program

A full church enjoyed the Sun
day school Christmas program pre-
sented in Martin City Wednesday
evening.
Having parts were Bernie Bis.
sell, Lynn Douglas, Wayne Fon-
tenelle, Colleen Hidden, Elaine IIol-
l'pgsworth, Rose Kessinger, Fran
ces and Carolyn Klesney, Herb
Kost, Marty Kurpies, Lanny Lud-
ing, Emma Mason, Ronald Perry,
Carol Pollmann, Bob Potter, JOIN
Sherry, Allan Struble, Nancy and
John Vertrees, Kit Wickenkamp.
Participating in the program
was the church choir. John Yer
trees was reader.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1948-12-24
M. c. Builders Honor Pastor

fair play, equal opportunity, ano
harmony prevailed in that partic-
ular pig sly. The pale faces for
miles around marveled over the
fatness and sickness of old Chief
Bear Calls hogs.
Mr.. and Mrs. Seymour Katims.
Priest River, are parents of a baby
GIRL Carl Kathleen, born Deem
Der IA.
Visiting Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Kost,
Martin City, over the weekend
were her mother, Mrs. Henry
Wolf, Lennon, S. OAK, and her
brother and sister-in-law, Mr..
and Mrs. John Wolf, Haynes, N.
Oak.
Ronnie Perry and Herb Kost
celebrated their 18th birthday an
niversary together in good scout
fashion Monday.
Leaving Martin City Thursday
is Mr.. and Mrs. Bob Douglas.
Their destination, Idaho.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1948-12-24

Robert James Ford, Kahspel''
so,.feited $3.50 for driving whlic
under the influence of intoxlcal,
49, Iiouor He was apprehendcd
hH tbe state highway patrol early
Sunday.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1948-12-24
Hungry Horse News
The Girls Do 1t

There's an enthusiastic group
of Campfire and Bluebird girls IN
Martin City Their Christmas play
last Thursday was well received,
and then on Saturday, it was all
sold out on their candy sale. Mrs.
Pollmann and Mrs. McAlpine are
the leaders.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1948-12-24

Santa Claus makes his lost
public appearance in the Hungry
Horse area tonight friday at
the Boomto1un Builders-Lio7as club
sponsored community party In
Martin CitU,
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1948-12-24

Catholic ladies of Hungry Horse
ana Martin City will meet Tues-
cay, January 3 at the home OF
Mrs. James Egan, GSM town.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-11-02
F U R SEAL
 MIGRATION
 E STUDIED

SEATTLE, Nov. 27R-Migration of the Alaska fur seals of the Pa- cific, will be studied by a party of scientists of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, who sailed from Seattle today aboard the mo- torship Black Douglas.
 The vessel, which left the King County dock this afternoon, will cruise to the central Aleutian Is- lands, and then to San Diego, Calf.
 The expedition will be in charge of Victor B. Schefter and Carl w. Kenyon, biologists of the Fish and Wildlife Service. Specimens will be taken to determine the content of the stomachs of seals in southern waters. The Black Douglas will go north by way of the Alaska Inside Passage and distribute supplies to stations of the Fish and Wildlife Service.
 The l53-foot motorship is under command of Capt. Clyde I. Dell, and carries crew of 12 men.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-11-02
These Straws 10 Get Indication How Presidential
 vofe Is Swinging in Nation
(By The Associated Press

Want to get quick idea of how the presidential election may be going?
 Then keep an eye out for early returns from West Virginia and Maryland.
 West Virginia has backed presi- dential winners in IA of the last l6 elections; Maryland in 13 of the last 16
 Outside those border" states there is New York which rode a loser only once q916) in the last 16 elections.
 Three other states-Arizona, New Mexico and Idaho-also are good weather vanes, but their returns will lag because of their time zone location.
 For the Senate race keep a score sheet on II states. Remember, the Republicans now have a 5l to 45 CdBC. lC l(tiAAOAA QIo ilNCd bliA ~ more seats to tie it up, four seats to win control.
 The II pivotal states and the party seat at stake
 Kentucky tR), Minnesota tR), Montana tD), Oklahoma (R), West Virginia (Rl, Wyoming tR). New Mexico CD, Tennessee CDl, Illin- ois (R), Iowa tR), Colorado (Dl.
 Another test of voting sentiment will show up in the key guberna torial races. Recommended baro- meters: Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, Washington, Montana and Ten nessee.
 And if you're interested in the wet vs. dry question. there is a major fight on in Kansas to re- peal the states 68-year-old prohibi- tion statute.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-11-02
STANDING IN
 LINE, WASH.
 STATE POLLS
Rain Fails 10 Deter Voters -TdI|ying of Results
 to Be Slow
CBy The Associated Press)

tBy The Associated PreSS)
 Washington state voters swarni- ed to the polls at a record break ing pace this morning.
 From cities across the state came reports of voters standing in line when the polls opened and of heavy voting during the early hours.
 Officials were wary about pre- dieting whether the early rush pre- saged record general election vote or whether it was a response to the wide scale campaigns to get voters out early and avoid late hour con gestion.
 Rain in some parts of western Washington failed to deter the voters from turning out to cast their votes for President, Con- gressmen, Governor, and other state and local offices and a long list of state measures.
 Tallying of the results is ex- pected to be slowed up after the 8 D. m polls closing because of the complicated ballot, the heavy vote and a judicial write-in in King county which will slow-up the usual early returns from Seattle voting machines.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-11-02
NAVY TANKER .I5 ADRIFT TN
 ALASKA GAL E
Second Mishdp to Mission Santa Cruz-LST-649
 Also Disabled

KETCHIKAN, Alaska Nov. R The Navy tanker Mission Santa Cruz, in difficulty in the Gulf of Alaska last week when boiler blew out, was helplessly adrift today in a gale, the Coast Guard reported. The tug Tillamook's towline broke off Cape Ommaney and the line fouled in the tugs propeller, rad o mes sage said. The tug was finally able to proceed toward Port Malmesbury for rudder repairs.
 Meantime. the Coast Guard ves- sel Citrus prepared to leave from Petersburg and the Hemlock from Ketchikan to go to the tankers aid Last week, the tanker enroute from gulf ports to Anchorage and Skag- way with an oil cargo, was able to creep with a Coast Guard cutter es- cort into the safety of waters near Cape Spencer. The Tillamook was headed for Seattle with it's tow.
 In another mishap, the LCT-649, with starboard engine disabled, was attempting to reach shelter from 100 miles southwest of Dixon En- trance, the Coast Guard said. It was proceeding about four knots an hour. The Cutter Klamath, enroute to Seattle. was expected to arrive at its side late tomorrow afternoon.
 A radio message received at Se- attle from the last said the 327- foot ship, with crew of 56 men, was believed to be in no danger.
 Formerly used ty the Army in an Alaska graves registration program, it was trasferred recently to the San Francisco port of authorization and was enroute to Shemya, in the Aleutians, with cargo from San Francisco.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-11-02
IS KILLED AT
 ANCHORAGE
Negro Is Fatally Shot by Woman When He Tries
 10 Housebreak

ANCHORAGE, Alaska, Nov. D. R-A Fort Richardson negro sol dier was shot and killed last night by Mrs Richard Herd, about 70, as he tried to break into her home, po- lice reported.
 The woman. alone at the time, said an intruder had been about the home before and the man was breaking in the front door, police said.
 She ordered him to stop and then fired, she said.
 The soldier crawled to the middle of the street and was found there by an off-duty policeman.
 The womans husband had ob- tained the gun from a neighbor for her, when he left her alone. She was hospitalized today for shock.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-11-02
RECORD VOTE IS BEING
 OVER NATION
Is Heavy in Big Industrial Centers-G0P Making
 Contest in Texas
CBy The Associated Press,

I
 Voting was heavy across the country-especially in big indus trial centers--in today's Presiden- tial election.
 Signs pointed to possible rec ord total of more than 50000, 900 ballots.
 Later today, the K" marks of the voters were being compiled in- to few figures. Mostly they were too fraementary to serve as real indicators.
 From Texas came reports that Republicans were making contest of it in that normally overwhelm- ingly Democratic state. The Hous- ton Chronicles compilation of in- complete returns from l13 of ITO Harris county precincts gave Presi- dent Truman 3,820, Thomas E. Dewey 2,939, and J. Strom Thur mond 1906. Henry A. Wallace had 53 President Roosevelt carried the county overwhelmingly four years ago.
 In Topeka, Kansas, incomplete, unofficial returns from 36 precincts gave Dewey l 1868, Truman l,404 and Wallace IT. Dewey carried the county by 3-2 ratio four years ago.
 What the country wide heavy vote meant was in dispute.
 Democrats have contended big vote would elect Truman.
 Herbert Brownell, Jr., Dewey's campaign manager, said in New York that 1t looked like record breaking vote and an overwhelm- ing victory for Dewey and Gov Earl Warren, his Vice Presidential running mate.
 Brownell also said the Republi- cans were counting on keeping control of the Senate by at least the present margin of six seats.
 The forenoon hours passed with out any reported disorder. But a claim of balIot-box stuffing was made in Kentucky Deputy Sher- i1f John Neal said ballot box with IT Democratic votes already lodged in it was found when Clintonville precinct No. opened.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-11-02
DEER HUNTER
 AT kET(HIkAN IS MISSING
12-Man Posse Searching for Eberhardt WiIde-
 Lost Since Sunday

KETCHIKAN, Alaska, Nov. D. R-A 12-man posse left Ketchikan at daylight today to resume search for Eberhardt Wilde. who has been missing on deer hunt since Sun- day.
 The sawmill worker and logger was last seen atop Deer Mountain in mid-afternoon Sunday by other hunters.
 Nineteen searchers combed the area for the missing man yesterday without finding a trace of him Fresh snow hampered the search
 Residents of the towns outskirts reported hearing three shots at Il pm. Sunday. Friends think it may have been a distress signal. They think he may have been injured ill fall
The Daily Alaska empire., 1948-11-02
Truman vofes
 If Straight
 And Smiles
Wife, Daughter Also Cast Ballots s-President Sees
 Only Victory
By ERNEST B. vACCARO

INDEPENDENCE, Mo, Nov. o. President Truman voted the straight Democratic ticket today in the lit tie m dwestern town where he start ed on. the road to the White House.
 Smiling at friends and neighbors, the President walked into the Blue township voting precincts in the Memorial Hall gymnasium with Mrs. Truman and his daughter, Margaret to cast his ballot.
 How does it lcok to you?" a re- porter asked as the President left his voting booth.
 T can't see anything but victory" he replied. What do you think?'
 He said he had voted the party from top to bottom" as he had asked voters all over the country to do.
 His press secretary, Charles G.. Ross, said MT. Truman planned to retire early tonight and "learn the outcome" tomorrow morning.
 Think I'll go to bed" the Presi- dent went on. You won't know any thing until tomorrow"