davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-07-25
Wallace
Continued From First Page.)

progressive capitalism, a program
for old age pensions, to building
and strengthening the United Ma
tions as an instrument of peace,
and to using the power and prestige
of the United States to help the
peoples of the world wallace mas
opposed the Marshall ERPD
The new presidential nominee de-
tailed his fight against the get
tough policy of the Truman admin
istration-which has had the aid
of Republicans-in its dealings with
Soviet Russia. He said he had
warned President Truman in a let
ter that I'VE had fallen upon cyni-
cal counsel, that the bankers and
the brokers and the big brass had
launched us upon a dangerous poll
cy-the 'get-tough policy
THE get tough policy" Mr.. Wal
lace continued, had spawned its in
evitable breed-the get tougher
policy"
Sees World Frozen in Fear.
With great sarcasm, Mr.. Wal
lace commented on the interna-
tional situation which he described
as one world, yes--frozen in one
fear" r. ! IS ls4s..@s. -
1t was then that he broached the
Berlin crisis issue.
THE worlds eyes today" he said
focus upon the burning spot oi
the cold war-Berlin. Berlin neeo
not have happened. Berlin did moi
happen. Berlin was caused.
There is. no reason why the
peace Of the world should hang or
the actions of handful of mill.
tary men stationed in Germany
Mr.. Wallace denied fatty thai
peace with justice" is enjoyed ir
the Western zone of Germany today
He charged that this justice is be.
ing dispensed by local judges, 'oI
whom 10 per cent are former Naz
officials" He charged, too. thai
German war industry is on tht
rise again, with the aid of thi!
Country and Britain.
The nominee likened the situation
Evening star., 1948-07-25
IBroWneII Sees Clean Sweep
IFor COP. in Middle West

A clean Republican sweep In
the Midwest that will carry con-
gressional and State offices. as well
as the national ticket, was pre-
dicted yesterday by Herbert Brow
nell, jr., campaign manager for
Gov. Thomas E. Dewey and his
running mate, Gov. Earl Warren
of California.
Mr.. Brownell made the prediction
after conference with Werner w.
Schroeder, Illinois national COM
mitteeman and vice chairman OF
the Republican National Committee
People in the Midwest, Mr.. Brow
nell said, ARE tired of the long
continued rule by Federal bureau
Gratis and machine politicians and
they realize that the Republican
ticket this year is one which in
sures the restoration Of stable and
orderly government.
Evening star., 1948-07-25

their support of peace with Russia.
with whatever appeasement may be
necessary.
When Senator Taylor took the
stand, the huge crowd roared: 1--WE
want Taylor"
Senator Taylor applauded, too.
He explained he had picked up this
custom from the Russians-who
applaud, when honor guests, to
show they are glad to be with their
hosts. He was applauded during his
prepared speech when he said that
something like 100000 900 worth
of tobacco is included as part of
the Marshall Plan samples, and
asked:
Did you ever hear of baby
eating tobacco? Of course, it is
good business if the Europeans get
used to our mild tobacco. 1t would
be very unpleasant to have them
go back to Turkish tobacco. That
would make it difficult for the
Turks to survive, but then we have
them on relief, so why worry about
that?"
Plans Monopoly Control.
He got another hand when he
said; I'VE intend to control mon-
fopolies by nationalizing the biggest
ones, rigidly enforcing the anti
trust laws against the Others"
Senator Taylor in his acceptance
said, Il accept the nomination as
a challenge.
"A challenge not only for me but
through me for the great and grow
ing host of American people who
see clearly that they must do battle
with the forces that would bank
rupt America by spending billions
upon countless billions in a futile
effort to bribe whole nations into
becoming our mercenaries in
senseless struggle for world domina-
ton"
Senator Taylor insisted that the
troubles of the Security Council
of the United Nations had been
born not of the Russian veto but
of short-sighted policies of Great
Britain. and particularly OF the
United States. He quoted Sumner
Welles' book to sustain his point.
Assails Marshall Plan.
The vice presidential nominee
proceeded to tear apart the Marshall
Plan, declaring:
This great spending scheme, now
known as the European Recovery
Administration, is not a plan to aid
friendly nations to recover economi-
cally. 1t is not even plan to feed
hungry people.
1T is cynical scheme to enable
our cartelists and exploiters to fitch
billions of dollars from the pockets
of the American taxpayers for a
scheme to corner world markets"
Turning to the new party's
pledge for elimination of segrega-
ton, Senator Taylor said, in con-
clusion:
+ las for me, I am going back to
Evening star., 1948-07-25

Birmingham and their Jim Grow
police chief, who was a delegate to
the Democratic National Conven-
ton. They will have to put up OF
shut up. They will either have tc
put me in Jail for 1870 days as they
threatened. or they will have tc
eat croW--Jim Crow"
Speeches were delivered also by
Judge Joseph B. Rainey, president
of the Philadelphia Branch of the
National Association for the Ad.
vancement of Colored People; Rep
resentative Marcantonio of New
York, Alp; Paul Robson, CO.
chairman of the national Wallace
for President Committee, and Will
liam Gailmor, radio commentator
Judge Rainey is Progressive
Party's candidate for the House ir
Pennsylvania's 4th Congressional
District.
Evening star., 1948-07-25
Dewey
CONTINUED From First Page,o


ample machinery, including the In
ternational Court of Justice, which
all parties In interest are solemnly
pledged to employ"
Declines to Elaborate.
Gov. Dewey interrupted his con-
ference with Senator Vandenburg
and Mr.. Dulles to read the state
ment to reporters on the terrace OF
his white farm house.
The Governor declined to elabor-
ate on the statement, but he ex-
planned that when he said I'VE
shall seek every method of peace
full settlement" he meant the Re-
publican party.
He pointed out that Senator
Vandenberg and Mr.. Dulles are in
/ frequent consultation with the
State Department in connection
with the Berlin crisis.
Senator Vandenberg and Mr.
Dulles motored from New York
City, where they had lunch together
The Senator arrived in New York
last night from Michigan.
Evening star., 1948-07-25

today to that which prevailed 15O
years ago when, he said, Thomas
Jefferson took leadership in forming
new party. and spoke courage
ously of peaceful settlement of diff
ferences with France. jefferson. he
said, was slandered as the tool OF
the French Government, bought
with French gold. Jefferson, he
said, was successful in forming the
Democratic Party. That Mr.. Wal
lace contended. was buried here in
Philadelphia last week. 1t could
not survive the Pawleys, the Hagues
the Crumps, the racists and the
bigots, the generals, the admiralS
the Wall Street alumni.
The party founded by a Jeffer-
son died in the arms of a Truman
Denounces "Dewey Party"
Mr. Wallace was equally harsh in
his denunciation of the party OF
Abraham Lincoln, which he said
has been reduced to 1.-The party OF
Dewey"
The nominations of Mr.. Wallace
for President and of Senator Taylor
for Vice President were made in
Convention Hall this afternoon, as
packed galleries looked down on
Mr.. Wallace was placed in nomina-
ton by Fred w. Stover of Hampton
Iowa. president of the Iowa Farm
ers' Union; Senator Taylor, by
Larkin Marshall, Negro publisher
of Macon, Ga.
No other candidates were placed
in nomination, and both men were
chosen by acclamation. Delegates
and visitors joined in demonstra-
tions for tthe nominees that rivaled
or excelled the demonstrations for
Democratic and Republican candi-
dates, named in the same hall in
recent weeks
Previously 6,500-word long
platform, drafted by the conven-
tons Resolutions Committee, had
been made public. The platform will
be considered by the convention
tomorrow afternoon, and adopted.
Among the seconders of the nom-
| ination of Senator Taylor for Vice
President was Mrs. Angus McClay
of Michigan, sister of Mr.. Wallace.
Immediately after their nomina-
tions Mr.. Wallace and Senator Tay-
lor came into the hall. They were
greeted with tumultuous applause
For minutes it was impossible to
hear above the din. Mrs. Wallace
accompanied her husband as did
Mrs. Taylor. Senator Taylor carried
his small son on his arm.
Crowd Sings Battle Hymn.
Finally, the crowd took up the
Battle Hymn of the Republic. ~
and while the song rose high, Mr.
Wallace and Senator Taylor and
the members of their families left
the platform.
Mr.. Wallace and Senator Taylor
in their speeches and their new
party platform went all the way in
Evening star., 1948-07-25
Whisky Stolen From Cote

A theft of $685. worth of whisky
from the Quality Restaurant. 3 H
street NV, was reported to police
yesterday by Emanuel Laios, the
owner. He said the whisky had
been stored in a room at the rear
of the restaurant. Police said en-
try apparently was gained through
a window in the rear of the storage
space.
Evening star., 1948-07-25
Salisbury Bond Sole Set

SALISBURY, Md, July "a tP).-
Bonds for the citys $207,0Q0 water
and sewer system expansion pro-
gram will be sold August 8.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13

turning a skunk loose at tea
partY-everYbody walks out"
UNFAIR labor actice
charges against the union, which
are the heart of the ITU fight,
resulted from ITU refusal to
sign contracts with Taft-Hartley
open shop and other conditions.
The union voted to seek agree
ment on posted conditions of
employment" which would be
in effect until cancelled on so
days notice from either side and
would not force union mem
bers to abandon their rights of
not working with non-union
men and not handling struck
work.
The ITU won the closed shop
years before it ever signed
contract, Brown said. Contracts
were started because the en-
ployers wanted them. Previous
ly, the union would simply send
out a notice informing the en-
pIoyer that from a certain date,
wages would be a specified
amount. The employers, Brown
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13
Packing trust
suits aging

In the good old days" when
F.D.R. was President - and
when there was still a New
Deal-Uncle Sam. through the
Justice Department. filed ami
trust suits. charging Armour.
Swift and Wilson with price
fixing"
That was in 1941.
Now. nearly seven years lat
er. the companies are still
waiting trial" according to
Business Week" Jan. 3. l946l.
Says UPWA's bulletin. THE
Meat of IT," Can il be the JUS
tice Department.. under the
Truman administration. is too
busy prosecuting organized Ia
Dor under Taft-HartleY to have
time TO go after the Packing
Trust?"
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13
Plan rally here to
defend ChristoffeI

Former Assistant U. S. Attorney
General o. John Rogge, at present
defense counsel for Harold Chris
toffel, leader in the Allis Chalmers
strike UAW- CIO9, will speak at
Civil Rights Congress Rally for
the defense of Christoffel on Fri
day, March rs, at the Midland
Hotel.
Harold Christoffel was recently
tried in the U. S. District Court
on charges initiated by the House
Labor Committee under the chair
manship of Rep. Fred A. Hart
ley, Jr.
The jury handed down de-
cision of guilty of committing per-
jury when Christoffel denied that
he was a Communist during COM
mittee hearings on the Taft-Hart-
ley bill, and he was sentenced to
two to six years in jail.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13

the ulOuSIyI
Now. how are packinghouse
workers wages affected by the
ever spiraling cost of living? Does
Joe Packinghouse-Worker make
more money than he did in, say
1941? The answer is no!
IN SPITE of the fact that the
average packinghouse worker mas
S7.44 more money in his weekly
paw envelope not counting de-
auctions for taxes, social security,
etc., these dollars would buy III
per cent less.
This is because from January
I945 to September 1S47. the
Consumers Price Index of the
U. S. Department of Labor in
creased 1913 per cent. In other
words. the cost of living went
up twice as fast as the increase
in weekly earnings.
But you haven't heard the
worst of Joe Packinghouse-Wo
er's struggle to make ends meet
A workers wage rates are fig
ured, by employers and by the
government, not according to the
hours he works, but the amount
of wages he is paid. That wage
rate includes overtime wages.
IF packinghouse worker
worked a 40-hour week, his pay
check would come to $40.80-not
enough to support family. But
during the war years, UPWA
members averaged 81 hour
work week. The overtime stretch
ed the budget.
In current negotiations, the
packers are basing their argu-
ments on the long work week.
Figures were cited by the COM
panies of As and 46 hour work
weeks in November 1947.
This argument is about as
reasonable as the theory that wet
streets cause rain.
In the packing plants today
forget about Novenber-more
than rs per cent of the work
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13
Says printers strike to keep >skunks' out Of shop

struck, the practice was for an
other publisher to print the pa
per at his plant. IF we strike
Hearst and the work is shifted
to the Scripps-Howard plant"
Brown said, "the Scripps-How-
ard workers aren't supposed
to strike. Under Taft-Hartley
they're just supposed to cut
their own throats."
The employers keep protest
ing they don't want TO bust the
ITU. Brown said. but the on
slaught of unfair labor practice
charges has served as a hint of
their sincerity. Not satisfied
with one test case against the
ITU. the publishers have START
ed separate cases nearly every
week in another city.
The result has been, Brown
stated, that the union officers
can not get any work done be-
cause they are constantly an
swering subpoenas in one city
or another. Their treasury has
also been hit hard because the
ITU has to provide lawyers in
each case to present its side.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13
force is on 40 hours or less.
LaYoffs are increasing.

4
HERE'S what is happening on
a vast scale throughout the pack
ing industry. After the Packing
Trust, through their spokesman,
the American Meat Institute and
the National Association of Man
ufacturers, succeeded in killing
OPA and price control Remem-
Der the ads: want roast OF
beef-?'D farmers rushed their
livestock to market. The packers
bought cheap and sold high, and
pocketed the profits. Our livestock
supply was cleaned out. And now
livestock slaughter is lowest in
nine years.
The clearinghouse workers long
hours in 1947 lasted only while
the flow of livestock lasted. With
hours cut to 40, the pay check
is reduced almost a fifth.
The Packing Trusts unwilling
ness to negotiate with UPWA has
resulted in deadlock-and a prob
able strike.
BUT was the deadlock really
all the fault of the Packing Trust?
After all, in full page ad in the
scab Sun-Times this week, Swift
& Co. said it is "regrettable that
the CIO union has decided on a
course of action which will result
in loss of wages and production,
and will disrupt the normal serv-
ices of our company to livestock
producers and consumers
BaloneY! say UPWA spokes-
men-who know baloneY when
they see it. I'VE are willing 10
continue negotiating with the
companies" says UPWA presi-
dent Helstein. although il is
apparent from our previous
meetings that they are unwilling
to give any realistic considera-
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13

said, Thought raises were being
demanded too often so they sug-
gested that 1-year contracts be
signed. The first ITU contracts
were signed about 1890, Brown
said, adding: Before that, we
did what we're doing now-set
up conditions of work"
Under Taft-HartleY. Brown ex-
planned. an employer could just
bring in one non-union foreman
and through him gradually
eliminate every union man in
the shop. Or. the publisher
could decide TO introduce a new
process in the composing room
and announce it was not under
ITU jurisdiction. With juris-
diciional strikes outlawed un-
der Taft-Hartley. the employer
could gradually eliminate the
TITUS coverage.
DESCRIBING how the ITU
would be hit if it abided by
the Taft-Hartley ban against re-
fusing struck work, Brown ex-
planned that in the past when
one newspaper in a town was
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13

How would a 90 cent increase
to meet the governments mini
mum wage improve the packing
house workers lot? Under the
BIS budget, the clearinghouse
family of three would be able to
take in a movie every three
weeks, have dental care every
two years cSee your dentist twice
a year!'O, buy one book year,
enc tube of lipstick year, buy
one mans wool suit every two
and one half years, buy mans
overcoat every six and one half
AND these ''luxuries" are Eek
orbitant and unreasonable" ac-
cording to the fat cats of the
Packing Trust, who argue that "a
strike is unnecessary" and that
80 cents is a liberal adjustment
of wages"
(The AFL-Amalgamated Meat
Cutters and Butcher Workmen,
representing 10 percent of organ
lied clearinghouse workers, set
tied for a nine cent hourly wage
increase" effective January IL,
1948. Ralph Helstein, UPWA
president, said: 1.-The workers
represented by our union have
no intention of permitting wage
pattern to be imposed upon them
by an inconsequential segment Of
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13
By GLADYS CARTER

NEW YORK - P) = When
the Taft-Hartley law was first
enacted a cartoon appeared
showing a worker going through
a complicated machine labeled
NLRB and coming out the other
end in pieces.
Members of the Init. Typo
graphical Union tAFL) might
have found the cartoon funny
at one time. But now, with
publishers and the NLRB gang
ing up to push them through
the machine, it hits too close to
home for laughter.
This, in brief, is why ITU
members walked out of news
paper plants in Chicago Nov.
"a and have been pounding
the pavements ever since, ITU
Vice Pres. Elmer Brown said in
an exclusive interview here.
ITU history explains why the
union is fighting as II is today.
Brown said. II is a tradition.
he explained graphically. that
when a non-union man is
brought into a shop IFS like
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13

ton TO the serious economic
needs of the clearinghouse work
ers."
The fact remains that the union
began its negotiations with the
Big Four on Jan. %. When nego-
tiations came to standstill, the
us. Mediation and Cancellation
Service stepped in-without re-
suits. UPWA, in an effort to meet
packers halfway, reduced its de-
mands, first to % cents, then to
10 cents-but the Packing Trust
refused to bargain.
The Packing Trust has given
100000 men and women, who
have had to scrap for every i'm
provement in their absolute mini
mum living standard, only one al
tentative: To strike and to
win.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13

That's why the union finally
walked out on hearings at
Philadelphia last month which
duplicated the major NLRB ac-
tons against the ITU at Chi
cago and Indianapolis.
THE publishers haven't been
at all affected, however, Brown
stressed. The publishers simply
file their complaints against the
ITU. The NLRB takes over
from there with taxpayers
funds. The government pays
the publishers prosecution costs
and supplies the lawyers to
fight the cases.
Despite a number of fights in
progress or pending throughout
the country, Brown said, more
than 500 settlements have been
reached both with newspaper
publishers and commercial print
shop employers. In all cases,
the settlements have been made
to protect the ITU from ending
up like the guy in the cartoon.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13
WHY A PACKING STRIKE?
By ISABEL CARR

IT HEY know their wages small potatoes
i They know that the Packing Trusts profits are
multiplying like rabbits
They know that they work millions and millions of
tons of meat year And yet they afford meat just
week.
Yes Chicagos 25 600 CLIO United clearinghouse Workers
America this and they aren't fooled by the Pack
ing Trusts fancy statistics and full page ads in the daily
papers. Not any more, they aren't.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1948-03-13

On March 16, at 12:O1 am,
more than 100000 UPWA work.
ers are scheduled to strike the Big
Four packing companies-Armour
& Co., Cudahy Packing Co., Swift
& Co., Wilson & Co., John Nor
rell & Co., Upgrade Food Prod
ucts Corp.-and other independ-
ent companies throughout the
country.
The union is striking for 2s
cent an hour wage increase.
The union is striking, not be-
cause its membership enjoys
walking a wintery picket line
without pay, but because it has
found that you can lead the Pack
ing Trust to a negotiating table,
but you can't make the packers
bargain.
THE Packing Trust has called
the unions demands "exorbItant
and unreasonable" Well - are
they?
What brought about the pack
inghouse workers strike?
Take a walk through the con-
tested Back of the Yards district
where many UPWA members live.
The air is heavy with the smell
of millions of animals slaughtered
in the Stock Yards each year,
year in and out. It's always there
You get used to it after
you've lived in it.
THE buildings are sooty, run
down-the clearinghouse workers
don't own them. They can't af-
ford repairs, never mind buying
one of these "shacks" for their
own.
There are lot of kids playing
in the streets. AS the saying goes
the rich have money and the poor
have children.
How do these people of the
Back of the Yards live? Their
family budgets don't stack up SO
well beside the Packing Trusts
$144 millions in profits, before
taxes, in 1947.
4 +
UPWA's wage demands are
based on the governments own
Bureau of Labor Statistics which
allows a minimum wage of $1.39
for a family of three.
The average clearinghouse
worker makes $1.02 an hour, with
lower rates being paid in the
South and in small communities.
Evening star., 1948-03-07

] ::::;:;; 8: : !; $ =: T. j: :; : ;: : :
Evening star., 1948-03-07

England inspired Janice Hollands
harbor view. Robins Cove, Ston-
ington, Maine" and Iona Miller
Keplinger's nostalgia glimpse OF a
covered bridge Near Shelburne
Falls Prentiss Taylor captured a
familiar scene in his wet Night,
Lafayette Square" and made 1t
effective. Edith McCartney's pastel
portrait of little girl Is up to her
usual high standard.
Stanley Woodward has a top
notch marine "Of Rocks, Sky and
Sea-" Jean Owens realistic football
game should please devotees. And
Louis Fambor's Refugees is ex-
cellent illustration.
This exhibition will remain
through March %.
Recent Sculpture
A loan show of modern sculpture
and sculptors' drawings is on view
at Watkins Gallery, American Uni
versity, to remain through next
Sunday. 1t was made possible by
the generosity of Mr.. and Mrs.
Francis Biddle, Mr. and Mrs. An
drew Keck (Mr. Keck is instructor
In art history at American Univer-
sity), Mrs. Edward Bruce, Mr.. Franz
Bader of the Whyte Gallery, the
Baltimore Museum Of Art and the
Phillips Memorial Gallery, the Mu-
scum of Modern Art and the Buch-
holz Gallery, New York City.
Although the majority Of the
sculptors represented are deceased,
they are sufficiently recent for the
exhibition to be termed "contenl-
porary." All have been or are i'm
portant in the development Of
sculpture in modern idioms, and
some of them are already regarded
as masters. There are approx
mately Is sculptures in stone,
bronze and brass and terra Gotta;
and an equal number of drawings
in various media.
| A beautiful little seated Venus by
Maillol, a lifesize portrait head OF
Mrs. Bruce by Despiau, a remark
ably vital head of John Marin by
CASTOR LIE Chaise and more char
acteristic of him) a dubious little
nude on horseback in polished
brass, and young fawn by Sintenis
make the French group the strong
est. LA Chaise, one recalls, be-
came an American citizen) One of
Lehmbruck's poetic attenuated