davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
Randolph Tells COP
Dem Leaders Hope
For End Of Army Jim Grow

WASHINGTON LAMP In a
letter issued Friday to leaders OF
the major political parties, A.
Philip Dandolph is quoted as say
ing he is still hoping that congess
or the President will yet outlaw
racial segregation in the army.
The letter, addressed to Presi-
dent Truman, Thomas E. Dewey,
Carroll Reece, ]. Howard McGrath
and others, stated that the aboli-
ton of segregation in the armed
forces is the only solution accept
able to vast majority of Negroes
and liberal Americans"
Mr.. Randolph made it clear that
he has no desire to advocate such
a drastic measure for its own sake
but that under the circumstances"
he has mo alternative but to coun-
sci civil dlsobedience."
Randolph is quoted as desiring
"all leaders in the nation to know
that the League for Non-Violent
Civil Disobedience Against Mill
tary segregation considers the ex-
ecutive order establishing III e
Presidents Committee on Equality
of Treatment and Opportunity in
the Armed Services as most made
quate."
Bayard Rustin, executive co-sec-
rotary of the league, clarified this
point by saying, the army, like
the South, has always maintained
that it does not discriminate
Therefore the order for equal
treatment and opportunity has
little real meaning as Capt. Robert
Berry, public relation adviser to
Defense Secretary James Forrestal
Inadvertently revealed when he
said that as far as he knew there
is no discrimination in the armed
forces"
The national coordinating com
mittee of the league, which met in
Chicago last week, went on record
to denounce the Presidents execu
tive order as totally inadequate
and voted ito continue the civil
disobedience campaign until segre
CATION in the armed forces is
abolished either by congressional
action or executive order even
though thousands may face in
timidation or Imprisonment"
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
CHURCHES
Monthly MusicuI at M. Zion

The Senior Choir of the Mt.
Zion Baptist Church wishes to
announce plans for their usual
Monthly Musicale which will be
held Sunday evening, August Is.
On this date the Choir will pre-
sent Miss Joyce Carter, Soprano,
in Concert.
The lovely voice of this young
lady, yet in her teens has thrilled
the hearts of all listeners at yari-
Gus churches of the city and on
many special programs. The Choir
is proud to present one of their
own members in Concert and cor
daily invites the public to attend.
The church is located at 10th Ave.
and e. Madison st.
The First Interracial Christian
Church of Seattle, Wash, holding
services every week at the Y. M.
- y. (Hdptif ftu anu nidutcOht 40
now established with regular
minister, Rev. ]. ]. Pruitt, former
ly associated with the Plymouth
Congregational Church of Tacoma,
where he lives at 1921 North Cove
Street. Rev. Pruitt is well
known organizer and a state poet.
Uniting in a common bond of
Christian fellowship, regardless of
race, creed, financial or intellec-
tual qualifications, the group,
which founded the First Inter
racial Christian Church here, in
June 194S, declares that 1t is meet
ing with ready response. Plotted
by their new leader, they are ex-
pecting to go forward in great
movement to meet a Seattle need.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
WHITE NURSE FIRED
FOR EATING WITH
NEGRO NURSES

GREENSBORO, N. CLAMP
A white nurse, Mrs Mary Garritl,
was released from the polio hos
pital at Camp Sutton, when she
violated hospital rules. last week
and ate in the Negro nurses din
ing hall After protesting the fir
ing, Mrs. Clarity was later trans
ferred to a polio hospital in
Tampa, Fla.
Red Cross officials including
Miss Jeanne Anderson, director of
nursing, southern area, and Floyd
H. Craft, president of the Green's
boro chapter said that they could
do nothing about her dismissal.
Hospital authorities had no COM
ment to make. Mrs. Clarity said
that she ate in the colored dining
hall "out of sympathy" for one
of the registered Negro nurses.
In the meantime as officials
transferred Mrs. Clarity to Florida,
polio cases in North Carolina rose
to the highest total in state his
tory. The Red Cross is recruiting
nurses to satisfy the needs.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
SEATTLE SOCIALS & NEWS
Progressive Demos
Plan to Back Party

The Progressive Democratic club
of King County met at 1903 East
Jefferson St. Friday, August to
arrange plans for all out support
of the Democratic National ticket
and for Democratic State ticket,
after the coming primary election.
A resolution endorsing President
Truman for his stand on Civil
Rights and other progressive legi-
Station was adopted.
The club will meet again on
Wednesday, August II. Interested
democrats take notice. Place, 1903
East Jefferson st. Time, PM.
J. A. (Jack) Johnson, pres.
:. Maurice Harris, Secretary.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
SEATTLE SOCIALS
SEATTLE SOCIALS

Thursday, Mrs. Fanny Frazier
entertained at a luncheon, Bohe-
milan Cafe, Mesdames Nellie viii
liams, Eliza Reynolds of Portland
Oregon, L. C. Netherland. Oakland
California, which was enjoyed by
all.
Mr.. Ben Gaines and wife OF
Topeka, Kans., nephew of Mrs.
Elizabeth Hipshire, here to spend
a few days. Also Mrs. Elizabeth
Fisher, Los Angeles, Calf, was
house guest during the week of
the NACW Convention. They left
for their respective homes We'd
nesday. Mr.. Gaines is one of the
leading Mortuarys of Topeka, Kan
sas.
Mr.. Taylor Frazier, after visit
| ing his mother in Marshall, Tex,
returned home. In love with the
Northwest, he hurried to return
home.
The niece and nephew, Mr.. and
Mrs. John Thomas. left Sunday
following a weeks visit with their
aunt, Mrs. H. C. Thompson. Many
functions were given in her home:
a China dinner and sightseeing,
covers laid for six, a dinner to
be remembered; a cocktail party
by Mrs. o. Woodward; Saturday
night, at the home of Mr.. Alfred
Purnell a well planned party top
ped the evening; Friday her aunt
entertained with a reception at
the Y.W.C.A. with beautiful deco
rations planned by a popular flor
list. music by Mrs. J. Costan.
Many called between the hours OF
eight and eleven. Sunday, just
before leaving a dinner highlight-
ed her waning hours, with covers
placed for Mrs. Grace Wells, Mrs.
Jeanette Smith and the Thomas
from Chicago, reluctantly saying
"Au Revoir".
Friends will be surprised to
learn that Mrs. L. w. Stafford is
confined in her home, a recur-
renee of formed accident caus.
ing her present illness. She will
be pleased to receive callers.
The Art Txhibit was a credit
to the state of Washington. Many
beautiful pieces were on display
A gorgeous looking table cloth,
made by Mrs. Elizabeth Hipshur
won the sweepstake prize. She is
said to flourish in all lines OF
needle craft.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
Mrs. Anita Holiday
Confined to Apartment

Although bedridden at the time.
Mrs. Anita Holiday of 230 23rd
North, apartment 305, the Adelphi,
was pleasantly surprised by a
gathering of relatives and friends
in honor of her birthday Sunday
August s. Mrs. Holiday was pre-
scented with a large birthday cake,
beautifully trimmed and a delicious
dinner was enjoyed by all. Rels
tives present were: Mr.. J. A.
Mercer, Mrs. Holidays father, An
tia Bruce, daughter, Mrs. Maxine
X. Jones and Mrs. Betty A. Shaw.
sister, Mr.. Roy A. Mercer and
Mr.. Clyde L. Mercer. brothers.
Guest present were: Mrs Gladys
Bias, Miss Mildred Reese. Mrs.
Jessie Henderson, Miss Anna M.
Napier, Mrs. G. A. Arnold and
Mrs. Bertha Sanders a delegate
to the Nationa' Association Of Col
ored Women's Federated clups
from Cincinnati, Ohio.
Mrs. Sanders, woman OF
charming personality and a wealth
of knowledge delighted the gather
ing in a talk of her 90 years
experience in federated club work.
She had never met Mrs. Holiday
in person before, but had been
a long time friend of Mrs. Holi-
days mother, the late Mrs. J. A.
Mercer of Tacoma. She deferred
her return trip until Monday in
order to personally meet Mrs.
Holiday,
Mrs. Sanders said she enjoyed
her visit to Seattle very much
and promised that her prayers to
the Heavenly Father for Mrs.
Holidays speedy recover from her
illness will not be neglected.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
Democrats Drop
Segregation at
National Headquarters

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
segregation has been banned in
the national headquarters OF the
Democratic Party by the national
committee. Chairman ]. Howard
McGrath has announced.
other developments at party
headquarters are as follows: The
Democratic Party has abolished it's
Negro division; the party viii
hire clerks, stenographers and
other employees without regard to
race, creed or color, and the party
will soon pick Negro assistant
to the chairman.
McGrath said that the committee
merely is being consistent" by
adopting a policy recommended by
President Truman for government
jobs and the armed forces. He did
not say whether Rep. William L.
Dawson of Illinois would be the
colored assistant to the chairman
or not.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
10Th CENTURY
ANGLES FOR LOUIS

Joe Louis has retired. Would
you want any better authority
than the indignant remarks of the
peerless ringman himself that
were aired over the radio and
through the papers two weeks ago?
Despite all this weighty evidence,
Sol Strauss, that alter-ego of all
ing Mike Jacobs, sits and stews
with British-born Ted Broadribb,
manager of Freddie Mills, worlds
lightheavy king, about a Septem-
Der fight between Louis and Mills!
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
SPORT SHORTS
Jackie Robinson
Steals Home and
Wins DOdger Game

BROOKLYN -(ANP)-Much Of
the rise Of the Dodgers can be
traced to the return to form of
Jackie Robinson. especially In the
stolen base department.
Jackie has stolen only six bases
this season. all in the last half.
Three Of these. however have
been thefts Of home plate. He has
stolen second twice and third once.
Although he led the league in
stolen bases last year, Robinson
seemed to be hexed by the sopho-
more jinx and did not steal base
until midseason He Is leading his
team In runs batted in this sea
son and batting over 300.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
N. A. C. w. DELEGATION
ENTERTAINED

An interesting group of the Wis
iting delegates to the N. A. G. w.
Convention, meeting in Seattle last
week, was entertained with a
buffet luncheon and group pic
lures Friday afternoon at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. Jno. L.
Blount at sos, 18th Ave.
The groups represented Texas,
Illinois and Michigan and included
mostly personal friends of the
Blounts from these States. Mrs.
Louis Watts and Mrs. Prentis
Frazier, we'll known Seattle mat
rons, assisted in this gesture Of
welcome to the visitors.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11
Visitors from California

Three charming Californians
were the house guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. C. H. Halter at 1T 23rd Ave.
North for the week of the meet
ings of the National Association
of Colored Women. They were,
Mrs. Earline Endlow, Miss Lor-
eta Edwards, and Mrs. Esther l..
Coleman. Mrs. Coleman is a sister
of Mrs. Halter. The ladies hail
from Santa Monica, Calf, and
have expressed their delight in
the lovely scenery of our city and
the sincere hospitality of Seattle
Ties
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11

These busy days while you're
canning home produce or packing
1t for freezing. you'll want a
quick trick for an easy meal.
Serve creamed peas and hard
cooked eggs over split hot baking
powder biscuits.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11

After that he was not In trouble
until the fifth inning when the
pitcher. Early Wynn. doubled.
went to third on an out and scored
on a long fly.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11

A good way to cool loaves of
freshly baked homemade bread
is to set them on wire cooling
racks or across the edge of the
baking pans.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1948-08-11

Ingratitude dries up the foun-
tain of generosity.
Evening star., 1948-03-14
By Robert N. Cool

The Irish March II celebrating anniversary
OF ST. Parks landing the Emerald Isle His abors established
the Roman Catholic religion firmly later centuries
OF conflict with Protestant Britain only strengthened It,
Religion governing
The other dominant force has been land.
the
religion and their land against the nroads Britain
believed in London that independent Catholic
flank would be element Of danger possible
from hostile France and Spain.
There has been much doubling
British fears soundy basedpartcularly
long oppression Anyway
Of them ,4.
Free State Set Up After First War
But Britain ireland entirely
period.
1t Southern Ireland (Eire) completely independent
enjoying prosperity that makes its
Brions 1t the concluding pacs
British Minister Of State Hector urging
into the United Nations AL
which Fire remained neutral while British
Scholars may find these developments of the ssos
signacant IN 1reland history the 432
brought the Roman church legend
snakes from Erin Water barriers
species familiar the gaining foothod the
isand)
The Ireland had its formal inception
Free State after World War incorporated
constitution 1t adopted the ancient
Yorkborn Eamon De Valera Prime
Evening star., 1948-03-14

times higher than its intrinsic
worth, the mex dollar" was always
accepted for exactly the open-mar-
ket price Of the silver it contained
Consequently. when the price Of sill
yer rose sharply during the first
war, the value Of the yuan rose with
it, until it was worth q few cents
more than the american dollar.
During the civil wars that fol-
lowed 1918, China got a wide range
of paper currencies. Each warlord
issued his own money, but was al
ways careful to say that the note
could be exchanged for q silver
yuan. The value Of these provincial
issues depended on the bearers as
sessment of his chances Of getting
the silver.
Things Looked Good Once
There was a period in the mid
'30s when 1t looked asdf China was
going to have stable currency.
Chang Kai-shek's revolutionary
government gradually replaced the
old wariord issues with new Bank
of China notes, actually redeem
able in silver, and later with newly
silver dollars. In addition,
boards Of old silver yuan, some dat
ing back nearly rs years, were
brought out of hiding, and some of
the picturesque semi-bullion "sycee"
got back into circulation.
This comparatively happy situa-
ton did not last, however, and the
United States is mainly responsible
for Its termination. This country
launched silver-buying q npaign
Evening star., 1948-03-14
11U0 RickshauSAreP Pdvin China-Oneforthe

designed to aid our Western
States-which completely wrecked
China's currency system. The
United States Treasury bought mil
lions of ounces of silver at a price
well above the open market rate.
Purchases included not only the
output Of our, own Western mines,
but practically every silver yuan in
China as well. Within a year China
had been drained of It's silver.
Japs Drove Yuan Down
Chiang's government had no al
tentative to going off silver" and
adopting q managed currency sys-
tenn. This step was taken in the
fall of 1885. Since then, the yuan
has been a football for rival cliques
in China and for rival powers
abroad.
Typical Of the vicissitudes Of the
managed" yuan was an attack
launched by the Japanese in 1887,
just prior to the outbreak Of war
between Japan and China. The
Nipponese yen had been devalued
to spur exports, and in the spring
of 1887 1t had market value of a
cent or two lower than the yuan
The japanese felt this relationship
reflected unfavorably on their ma
ton, 50 they entered the market
and deliberately drove the yuan
down until 1t was slightly cheaper
than the yen.
AS seemingly irresistible Japan
ese armies swept across China in
1887 and 1898, and as the National
government fled first to Hankow,
then to Chungking, there was an
understandable dwindling of popu-
lar confidence in its currency. The
Nipponese tried to use this fact to
hasten the economic collapse of the
Chang regime. "A rival-and al
most indistinguishable - currency
was issued by the new puppet re-
gimes in conquered China. BY a
dozen diabolical and often costly
schemes Nippon undermined the
publics willingness to accept
Chungking money. In actual fact,
Tokyo could have saved its money
and energy; the National govern
ment was already bankrupt and its
currency was really worth little.
That the yuan did not disappear
completely is simply a reflection of
Chinese conservativeness.
Before the psper notes became ut
terly worthless, however, Great
Britain and the United States real
lied the wisdom Of supporting
Chang concretely with q series OF
"stabilization" loans. After Pearl
Harbor We began to ny 9 I'd over
Evening star., 1948-03-14

1--WE independent republic associated matter
policy with the states the British Commonwealth"
The constitution theoretically all Of Ireland but
Parlamens do not counties Northern Ireland
which remain Of the United Kingdom Still of contention
between Fire Britain Northern ireland predomnantly
Protestant and has loyal evcted the
settlers
Unifcaton Remains Prime Objective
Unihcaon Of Ireland remains primary objective Dublin
However, the Prime Minister John A. Costello whose coalition
ovehrew Valera February increasing friendship
with England
He that plans for boosting Irish production should
bring ties with
by exporting food gets underway"
A after the faminine
millions of Irish Ireland found solid
basis Its population Of about 400O0O
when most of the inhabitants starving.
Northern Ireland manufactures ships linens and whisky
mainly agricultural 1t quantities Of produce raising
grain potatoes, sheep cattle
tweeds are still highly priced in the worlds markets
Though dependent Britain for defense neutrality
In World War H. Fire has the beginning Of
On the Shannon River is hydoeectrc
intended to increase ndustriazaon transatlantic
Foyne also on the Shannon.
Fishing dlng and manufacturing
Dublin and Wexford But still live
the Fires exports revenue
industrial equipment
Evening star., 1948-03-14
Lincoln
Continued From Page C-l.)

are Ave separate and distinct types
Of these primaries. The first pro-
vides no presidential preference
vote. but makes mandatory the d.
rect election Of district delegates,
unpledged, as in New York. These
delegates, however, are selected BY
the party organization as . rule
and this year they will be favorable
to Dewey.
The second type makes no provi-
sion for q presidential preference
vote, but calls for the direct election
of delegates to the national conven-
ton who may be pledged to o presi-
Dental candidate, as in California,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire.
New Jersey and South Dakota. A
third type provides for presiden-
tial preference vote, but the dele
gates to the national convention
are elected in State conventions.
Maryland has such primary law.
Delegates to the State convention,
however, are pledged in accordance
with presidential preference vote in
the counties and the legislative dis
tricts Of Baltimore.
Just Testing Grounds
A fourth type provides for .
presidential preference vote and
direct election Of delegates who are
not pledged, as in Illinois, Me-
braska, Pennsylvania and West
Virginia. The fifth type provides
for presidential preference vote
and the direct election Of delegates
to the national convention who may
be pledged. This type Is found In
Ohio, Oregon and Wisconsin.
1t is clear, however, that the
primaries are at best
testing grounds Of popular senti-
ment for or against presidential
Evening star., 1948-03-14

was during the First World War.
And in that fact lies the secret of
the downfall Of China's currency.
When the western powers began
to trade with China a century and
half ago, they found the supply
OF Chinese currency inadequate.
Most Of them brought in their own
money. The most popular coin
was the Mexican silver peso. Before
many years passed, the mex dol
lar" had become the standard of
exchange throughout China. 1t was
the forerunner Of the yuan.
Unlike the American silver dol
lar, which has a cash value several
Evening star., 1948-03-14

cookies, shipped all the way from
New York, than to carry Shanghai
brands made from cut-rate UNRRA
-four. Local bakers were receiving
more pay than their average Amer
ican counterpart, and still were get
ting barely enough to live.
There has been frequent agitation
In China against the admission of
goods from the United States, made
by cheap American labor"
In all the agony of China's in
fiation, there Is one cheering
thought. The people with the bum
dies of nearly worthless yuan notes
at least are better Oh than those
who were left with armloads OF
"puppet" currency Issued by the
japanese Army.
Evening star., 1948-03-14
By Stuort LilIico

The administration proposal to
grant s57O,000,0O0 to the nationa,
government of China to allow that
strife-torn and unhappy country "a
respite from rapid economic
deterioration" means that each
Chinese would benefit to the extent
Of something like SIPS. That is not
very much money in a country
suffering from one of the most
devastating inflations in recent CEN
turies.
Converted into native currency,
that $125 will bring about 250,000
yuan or Chinese dollars. A sum
like that, impressive though it
sounds, is barely enough to buy the
rice to keep a man alive for 10 days.
1t will pay about one-fourth the
price of a pair of shoddy cloth
slippers, or newspapers for a month
and a half, or for about two respect
able crosstown rickshaw rides.
Budget Runs Into Trillions
In this postwar world, the yuan is
unique in its worthlessness. No
other currency-whether issued by
victor or neutrality-suspicious. it
in the extent Of its devaiuation
Nevertheless, 1t is the official
medium of exchange for nearly half
a billion people.
The budget of the national gov
ernment in Marking is computed in
trillions of yuan. Before the cur
rent fiscal year ends, the value Of
the yuan will have fallen so far
that the budget figures will have to
be more than doubled. For the
hapless yuan sells today for slightly
less than $0.0OO045. And even
so.0ooo45 is generally agreed to be
inflated beyond the actual value of
Nationalist China's currency.
The tragedy of the yuan has been
played out within even the COM
paratively limited span of the
present writer's experience in China.
In 1881 rickshaw ride of about a
mile in Shanghai cost one-tenth of
yuan (the coin was the ubiquitous
silver "l0-cent mex" piece, worth
about 2 cents in pre- Roosevelt
dollarsD Today, the same ride costs
100000 yuan. AS recent repatriate
from China observed:
"You have to hire two rickshaws
today-one for yourself and the
other to carry the money to pay
the puller."
However low 1t may have fallen,
The yuan can look back to the day
when it was actually wortho more
han the American dollar. That
Evening star., 1948-03-14
Reed Dissents Vigorously

Justice jackson said it remains to
be demonstrated whether it is either
possible or desirable to isolate and
cast out of secular education all
that some people may reasonably
regard as religious instruction.
Evening star., 1948-03-14
Due a Curtain CALI
Unless US. Stops the Act
Our Ambassador Reports From Rome That
Communists Are Apt to Poll at Least
4OPer Cent of the April Votes
BY Constantine Brown

April 8 is recognized hour possibly
OF Europe On that day the Italian win polls
elect Parliament The battle between political
in that country between
which
Communists