davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-07-02
Mr.. Trumun Stonds Pat

President Trumans Arm refusal TO step
aside in favor of some other Democratic
candidate will be bad news to those men,
bers of his party who have been franticaliy
trying to ease him out Of the presidential
race. But as the picture shapes up today
in the political sense at least, 1t Is the
President who is right and his opponents
who are wrong.
The theory underlying the drop-Truman
campaign is that he cannot possibly win
against the Dewey-Warren ticket, and that
in the course of losing the presidential
contest he will drag down to defeat a
number of promising Democratic candl-
dates for State Offices. Mr.. Truman, for
the record, does not share this view. He
predicts that he will be nominated on the
first ballot and that he will beat the
Dewey Warren combination in November.
This is an opinion which may be overly
loaded with wishful thinking. But even II
this is so, it is hard to see how the Demo-
cratic prospects would be improved by
dropping the President and going over to
some other candidate.
Perhaps this would not apply in the case
of General Eisenhower, If one assumes that
he has not meant what he has been saying,
and that, after all, he can be drafted by
the Democrats. But the chances are that
the General meant exactly what he said
when he took himself out of the presi-
dental picture, and that he will reassert
himself in unmistakable terms If the threat
to put his name in nomination at the
Democratic convention assumes serious
proportions. If he does not do this, II
General Eisenhower should permit himself
to be drafted by the convention, then the
vote-puling power of his name would con-
stitute a serious threat to Republican
hopes.
But this does not apply to the others
whose names have been tossed back and
forth as possible substitutes for the Presi-
dent. What earthly reason is there to
believe that the Democratic prospects
would be helped by the nomination, for
instance, of Justice Douglas or Mrs. Roose-
welt? Any such candidate would have to
stand on the Truman record, and, beyond
that, would have to campaign under the
heavy handicap of reputation by the
Democrats of the man who made that
record. In such a contest there is every
reason to believe that the Democrats, far
from improving their chances of victory,
would be inviting an even more disastrous
defeat than they seem to think would be
in store for Truman ticket.
Presumably, politicians being built as
they are, the panicky search for another
candidate will continue down to the hour
of the nomination. But the net effect of
this will be to impress the public with the
notion that the Republican ticket must be
strong indeed if so many Democrats are
so much afraid of it. In short, there is
practically no prospect that the President
will be shunted aside. For as one Demo-
crat has expressed it: "It would not benefit
the party to nominate any one else. Presi-
dent Truman is our titular leader and we
must stand on his record. win or lose
Evening star., 1948-07-02
We Uphold Press Freedom

The State Department has just required
q Soviet proposal to limit the freedom OF
our press to discuss all matters OF public
concern This diplomatic move on the
part of Moscow took the form OF protest
against recent article in the magazine
Newsweek discussing an alleged plan OF
defense by American air forces in the
event of an attack upon the United States,
the Soviet Union being postulated as the
potential attacker. Stigmatizing this
article as typical of the "unbridled propa-
ganda for a new war; which the Soviet
note asserted is being carried on in this
country, it went on to charge that the
article was violation of the resolution
against "warmongering" adopted at the
second session of the General Assembly of
the United Nations.
This typical bit of Soviet casuistry is
effectively refuted by the State Depart
ment's reply to the Russian note. In the
first place, it points out that, while our
Government supported the U. N. resolu-
ton, which was general statement in
favor of promoting friendly relations
among nations, our representative to U. NJ,
Warren Austin, made it very clear at the
time that we oppose any attempt, direct
or indirect, to limit freedom of expression"
and that any attempt of our Government
to control or censor our press would be
unconstitutional and therefore illegal.
Furthermore, the departments reply
goes on to question the Soviet allegation
that the Newsweek article was war
mongering" even in the technical sense.
1t points out that the article assumed an
aggressive attack upon the United States
and discussed what countermeasures
might be taken in that event, with no
suggestion that we should take the
initiative in attacking the Soviet Union or
any other country. Incidentally, it should
be understood that the General Staff in
every country has not only the right but
also the duty to formulate war plans
against any possible assailant.
But the departments reply does not END
Evening star., 1948-07-02
Tito and Federation

In their response to the Comlnforms
sensational breakdown, Premier Marshal
Tito and his Communist followers in Yugo-
savia have made point of declaring their
determination to work in closest harmony
with the Soviet Union. At the same time,
however in a kind of theological double
talk, they have accentuated their defiance
of the Kremlin by calling upon Bulgaria
and Albania to join them in establishing
an independent Balkan federation.
The two ideas just do not mix Tito
cannot hope to be in harmony with the
Soviets if simultaneously he beats the
drums for what would amount to self
ruling Balkan political, economic and mill
tary union. The Yugoslav dictator must
himself be we'll aware of this-a fact that
makes his invitation to Bulgaria and
Albania seem all the more defiant and
significant. In effect, what he has done
is to give vehement support to an idea
that the Stain government sternly at
tackled as recently as last January.
At that time Premier Dimitrov of Bull
garia was suddenly hit over the head
by Pravda-the Kremlin's mouthpiece--for
advocating a customs union and eventual
federation not merely of the Balkans but
of all the Soviet satellite states of Eastern
Europe Pravda made unmistakably clear
that Generalissimo Stain and the Polit-
buro in Moscow were altogether opposed to
such a project. And that was enough for
Dimitrov Being faithful party liner, he
promptly stopped talking about the idea
and has since covered it with complete
silence.
The men of the Kremlin have never
stated publicly Just why they are opposed
to a Balkan or East European federation.
A reasonable explanation, however, seems
to be this: % They may feel that such
federation, even though Communist
dominated and pro-Soviet at the start,
might in time become non Communist and
lean to the West, and (2) from the stand
point of promoting MoScows control OF
the continent, therefore, the wisest course
to follow is to keep the satellites separated
in order to make it easier to absorb them,
one by one, into an ever-expanding
U. S. S. R.
Though purely speculative. this theory
has gained plausibility from the persistent
report that Romania Is slated to be the
first vassal state to be made an integral
part of the Soviet Union. To that end,
Russian officials are said to have been
exerting heavy pressure on the Communist
regime at Bucharest to take appropriate
action to merge the country with the
U, S. S. r. The action presumably would
include ''plebiscite' in which the Ro-
manian people would be terorized into
| voting overwhelmingly in favor OF losing
Evening star., 1948-07-02
We Intend to Stoy'

II there is sanity among tnem the men
OF the Kremlin ought to be sobered by
Secretary Marshall's brief but solemn and
unequivocal statement on Berlin. They
ought to be sobered, too. by the determined
stand taken by Foreign Secretary Bevin
with the virtually unanimous support OF
the British House of Commons. Nor should
they underestimate the significance of the
fact that the French, who seemed inclined
to waver a bit few days ago, are now in
full agreement with the Anglo American
position.
Speaking for the United States, Secre-
tary Marshall has made clear that that
position is simply this: That we are in
Berlin by virtue Of right, duty and national
interest and that I'VE intend to stay"-a
view that will be shared by every American
aware of the grave issues implicit in
Russias effort to force US out by threaten
ing to starve the German population. In
even stronger language. Mr.. Bevin has
somberly declared that the British are
resolved not to surrender to the Soviet
pressure even If resistance invites the risk
of war. AS for France, 1t Is as one with
Washington and London-a fact expected
to be confirmed momentarily in joint
three-power note to the Kremlin demand
ing an end to the food blockade and res
toration of quadripartite rule over the
city.
The reason for this no-Surrender stand
is that France, Britain and the United
States cannot abandon Berlin without
bringing the most evil consequences on
themselves and on Europe as whole.
Wholly apart from the highly important
international prestige factor involved, to
yield to the ruthless Russian measures, to
quit the city in humiliating retreat,
would be not merely to hand over the anti
Communist Berliners to the terrors of Red
totalitarianism but also to commit an act
OF supremely foolish appeasement. Sym
bolically, psychologically, politically and
otherwise, such an act would gravely
weaken the influence of the Western Pow
ers throughout the globe. Moreover, far
from satisfying Stain and his clique,
it would serve only to whet their appetite
and intensity their drive to bring about
the eventual Sovietization of Germany and
the entire continent.
Quite obviously, therefore, this is an
issue on which the West must stand firmly
united. Conceivably, if it came to test
of arms, France, Britain and the United
States would be obliged to withdraw tenn
porarily from Berlin for tactical or strate-
gical reasons. But that would mean war,
and it is difficult to believe the Russians
want that. In any event, with our own
and British transport planes now doing a
remarkable job flying in food cut off by
the Soviet ground blockade. the men of
the Kremlin have before them a plain
Anglo French American warning that the
showdown stage is here. If there is
yielding to be done, they will have to do
most of it. There can be no peaceful
solution otherwise.
Evening star., 1948-07-02
This and That
By Charles E. Traceapell

Why won't birds come to a feeding station?
This is standard question, to which there
can be no standard answer.
Not long ago we decided to remove a station
from near the garage and put 1t in shrubbery
at the back of the house.
The location had been all right, until the
pigeons came Those birds perched on the
roof, and a decision had been made to get
new roof put on.
There was no idea of inviting the pigeons
to perch on the new roof. Just the opposite
1t was felt the easiest method, all around
was to relocate the feeding station
That would draw the pigeons away from the
new roofing.
Well, the station was neatly placed on a
stake in some rhododendrons.
We sat back waiting for the songbirds-
and pgeons-to find it.
That was month ago, and they haven't
found it yet.
The faithful band of sparrows left for parts
unknown.
They and their forefathers for 18 years had
been eating in the yard, but now they were
all gone, except for a wanderer, now and then
In time we thought, they will find it.
But the days went by. and no birds came.
One day jay flew in, sampled few seeds,
and flew away.
Another day, a song sparrow.
One bright day big red-tailed squirrel
leaped through the cracking rhody branches.
He stayed few minutes, and left.
Since then not living creature has visited
the "handout."
The seeds, including many sunfiowers, re-
Relenting we spread a handful Of seed over
beneath the maple, where the old feeding
station had stood.
Immediately, small band of sparrows new
in, and there was Reddy, the squirrel, back
at the old stand.
The conclusion is that the other location was
too much hedged in by leaves.
The tray was too low, and too surrounded.
If these are not the reason, we have no idea
what they are.
Many persons have the same difficulty. In
most cases, there is some good reason, but the
reason is often hard to find.
Sometimes there is too much window ac-
tivity Again, there may be some outside
cause such as hawk in tree
= y
We speculated with the idea that crows,
passing over. had frightened our birds away.
It wasn't the crows, however
When the fresh seed were put beneath the
old trees, most of the birds came back.
Including We are glad to say, Reddy, the
squirrel.
At first we thought this to be a real red
squirrel. the first ever to be seen in the neigh
borhood
Our native squirrel is the gray form. This
squirrel has many color phases, ranging from
a mixed gray and brown to black, on the one
extreme, and pure white on the other.
Reddy we conclude, is Just a plain gray
squirrel, oversize, with very large and very
red tail.
The tail is a plume. reminding one of the
famous fox tail.
poddu ys exuberant in all his actions and
makes a grand display. with that bushy tail
waving in the breeze.
So we are taking the old feeding station
down from its position in the rhododendrons,
and putting it back by the garage.
We hope Reddy viii Ike 1t.
Evening star., 1948-07-02
Answers to Questions

A reader can get the answer to any question Of
3, ys's: fyiPln .ss,dn sf5
Please nclose three t3 cents for return postass
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE
@. Which of the major cities of the United
States have established by ordinance q Fair
Employment Practices Commission?-R. N. B.
A. Chicago, Minneapolis, Milwaukee, Cincin-
natl and Philadelphia are the five major cities
that have provided for the creation OF q Fair
Employment Practices Commission.
@. Are the American people eating less meat
than formerly?-N. A.
A. According to Department Of Agriculture
figures, the average per capita consumption OF
meat was 1887 pounds in 1946 and 1852 pounds
in 1947.
@. How fast Is the population OF the Soviet
Union increasing?-D. c. r
A. No current figure Is available. However.
according to DR.. Frank W. Notestein, director
of the once of Population Research Of Prince
ton University the Soviet Union population Ia
likely to grow rapidly All things considered.
population Of about $50 million by 1870 seems
likely This would represent an increase Of
rs million since 1910.
Q. What is the advantage in copyrighting
label?-M. S. B..
A. Since 1910 1t has been possible to copy
right label. This affords the owner Of the
copyright the same protection that Is given
the owner Of a copyrighted book. 1t merely
places the owner in a position to bring suit II
he thinks that the copyright has been violated.
@. What is "dry farming?"-M J.
A. The phrase dry farming" Is misnomer,
for it implies the growing Of crops without the
use Of water, which is altogether impossible.
But in United States territory west Of s7th
meridian. in that region once Familiarity known
as the Great American Desert. the phrase is
popularity used to describe all those efforts that
are made to produce crops without irrigation.
Dry farming is the careful culture of the soil
to the end that as large percentage as pos
sible of the moisture that falls be made avail
able for the growth Of the plant instead OF
passing oil into the atmosphere by evapora-
finn -
Evening star., 1948-07-02

there. 1t goes on to express surprise"
that Moscow should protest against arti-
cles appearing in our guaranteed fSee
press, whereas, in the Soviet press, ad-
mittedly under complete official control,
articles are constantly appearing which,
in the opinion of this Government, can
scarcely be construed as promoting
friendly relations among nations"
Thus, In effect. the State Department
bids Moscow clean its own house and
square itself with the spirit of the U. N.
declaration before attempting to criticize
others and ascribe to them conduct of
which it has itself been flagrantly guilty.
The admonition is timely, even though it
goes unheeded
Evening star., 1948-07-02
TeIevision Lequl Problem

Courts in Boston and Philadelphia have
just made rulings which may have wide
repercussions in the fast-growing field of
television entertainment. Both courts
have held that person who sells tele-
vision rights to prize fight Tin this in
stance the Louis-Walcott hght) has
certain property rights" over what use
is made of the telecaSt Superior Court
Judge Frank J. Donahue in Boston and
Common Pleas Judge Harry S. McDevitt
in Philadelphia, under this contention,
barred unlicensed television broadcasts of
the big fight if admission fees were
charged.
1t seems logical to assume that these
rodeos, sports contests of many kinds and
other performances for which restricted
television rights are sold. In Boston the
litigation arose as a result of announced
plans of promoters of show, the Spring
time Follies," to televise the championship
battle during the show. In Philadelphia
the action was directed against operators
of hotel and a motion picture theater,
who advertised similar special attrac-
GAollo. IAC SuAtS WClC 1llCO Wy JUG tOulo
Joe Walcott, the Madison Square Garden
Corporation, the commercial sponsors of
the contest and the broadcasters.
The defendants in these suits argued
that fees were being charged for the regu-
larly scheduled entertainment programs
and that the television show was being
thrown in extra. But the judges ruled
that reproduction of the fight under such
circumstances, without permission of those
who bought the television rights, was, in
the words of Judge McDevitt, theft OF a
property" What effect such an interpre-
tation, if widely applied, would have on
the future OF television in taverns and
other public places OF refreshment or
entertainment is matter for conjecture
by legal minds 1t is likely that there will
be considerable litigation in lower and
higher courts before this new television
issue is settled permanently.
Evening star., 1948-07-02
Sex and Horrible Crimes

To the Editor Of The Star:
Another brutal murder has been committed:
That of q little girl, Carol Bardwel, II years
old. Such crimes which bring profound grief
to parents and shock the community are not
rare. There have been many within the recent
past. News of criminal acts have made the
front pages Of our local newspapers, and in
view of the spirit which Is behind the trends
today, there is every likelihood that these
crimes will continue to be committed And
the spirit behind these crimes is one Of goddess
ness, ruthlessness and recklessness. As long
as men, women and children continue to ignore
Gods laws, nothing will stop the perpetration
Of such brutalities. Capturing such people and
declaring them insane will not bring the dead
back to life. nor heal the broken hearts of the
bereaved parents.
Today we hear and read a great deal about
sex, with the result that people are made to be
If they are not already so-sex conscious.
And little do the advocates of such education
realize that their teaching is encouraging sex
morons and degenerates to these horrible
crimes If there is going to be any respect for
life and for the rights of others, then there
must be definite return to God to the respect
of His commandments, to the practice Of the
moral law.
There is beautiful and lofty as well as a
sordid aspect of sex. Let's hear more about
sex from Gods point of view which creates
life and less about the "naturalness OF sex" or
biological self-expression which destroys life.
JOSEPH e. GEDRA.
Evening star., 1948-07-02
Mistreating Children

To the Editor of The Star:
Recently woman wrote a letter to one of
the daily papers expressing satisfaction because
young girl was whipped by her parents for
being drunk, but made no comment about the
adults who manufacture and sell intoxicants
that young people are using, many having the
taste for them born and bred in them.
Too many people punish. children because
they themselves are towards, and the children
are helpless to defend themselves against them,
as in the case OF the woman who locked her
5-year- r-old girl In q dark closet without proper
food and necessary care and the father who
was Jailed for whipping his children with a
homemade cat-o'-nine tails. These are only
few of thousands Of such cases. and am one
who knows by HARD EXPERIENCE.
Evening star., 1948-07-02
Discourteous Foreigners

To the Editor Of The Star:
A few days ago complaint against Amer
lean courtesy was registered in the public
press by Mrs. p. j., who identified herself as
the foreign-born wife of an American citizen
An American is alleged to have pushed her
aside in a grocery store and to have spoken
rudely to her. Mrs. p. j. claims that the
offender called her "the stink of the ocean"
Now, in my opinion "the stink of the ocean"
Is not an American invective. ! do not believe
that it was an American citizen who offended
Mrs. p. j. I doubt that the person has even
taken out first citizenship papers, This phrase
smacks of some colorful foreign invective
translated into English. In all my life never
have heard it before.
To Mrs. P. j. would say that 1t has been
my experience that many foreigners are rude
70 native Americans. see a great many of
them in the neighborhood where live. They
travel in droves and give way to no man or
woman.
OF course, I stand my ground and they have
to walk around me. get the most insulting
glances. No doubt they think me very rude.
Maybe so, but can see no reason for allowing
myself to be- swept aside in the name of
courtesy. LAURA X. POLLOCK.
Evening star., 1948-07-02
Fourth of July Accidents

To the Editor Of The Star:
About 400 people will be killed on the Fourth
of July holidays in some OF the A,0oo,00o auto
mobiles in the United States mostly because OF
carelessness and drunken driving.
If pictures Of some of the most horrible auto
wrecks we're shown on the screen and In the
papers, 1t might make some OF the speed kings
think and thus save lives on July 4, 1S49.
JOHN RIGGLES.
Evening star., 1948-07-02
Letters to The Star

Letters for qualifications must bear
the signature and address OF the
ioritey, although It Is permissible for
tDriter kno,Dn to The Star to use
q nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1948-07-02

The more you know about the Palestine
case, says an unhappy correspondent, the
more you are confused. Not only is igno-
rance bliss, but it makes for much clearer
mind
Evening star., 1948-07-02

Younger generation problem (phase No.
24D: "Old convicts in the New Westminster
(Canada) penitentiary demand segrega-
tion; claim the place is contaminated by
modern toughs."
Evening star., 1948-07-02

Any day now, with all this rain and so
many weddings, we look to see rice growing
in the streets.
Evening star., 1948-07-02

ing OF civilians who have temporarily gathered
together to do a job"
How can the British writer's attitude be
evaluated when compared with the aid which
American military leaders gave in the recent
wars? 1t truly might be disputed whether we are
just leasing them along, without getting panic
stricken about them,'' and it also might be
stated that. although Americans sometimes are
uncertain about electing military Presidents,
We do trust and honor our great military
leaders without the slightest fear of extreme
nationalism. MRS. D. N. HULFISH.
Where the Police Are Needed
To the Editor Of The Star:
Sunday evening at the fountain pool near
the Senate Once Building saw policeman
bawl out man for sailing toy sailboat to
amuse his little son. He was respectable
looking man and he was doing nothing objec-
tionable, merely holding the string which
guided the tiny boat. Yet the oficious police
man obliged him to haul In the toy and take
1t away.
That same day child was murdered in Rock
Creek Park for lack of sufncient police pro-
lection While Rock Greek Park goes begging
for protection, our policemen busy themselves
with spelling the innocent fun of decent
citizens
Let's have more policemen stationed in the
park where they are needed And as Number
One candidate for transfer, nominate the
officer who claims his duty is to keep people
from sailing toy boats in the fountain pool.
R.H.