davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-06-14
Defense
Continued From First Page.)

shortened It's enlistment terms,
lowered the qualification standards,
provided better housing, especially
for nom commissioner officers. and
developed the National Guard, the
organized reserves and the ROTC In
colleges.
He asserted that "the Army has
circumvented the clear intent OF
Congress by shamefully neglecting
the National Guard and the re-
serves"
II have the highest respect for our
generals" he continued, but IN time
of peace they are interested chiefly
in pay and promotion, stars and
braid and rank. Naturally they have
vested interest. The bigger the
armed forces, the bigger the rank.
No minister ever had big enough
congregation and no general ever
had big enough army"
Mr.. Short said he was so worried
about the possibility of draft law
that Il don't sleep well at night.
All his mail and observations con-
vince him. he said, that the peace
time draft proposal has already
deeply divided the people of the
country.
SABBATH Offers Argument.
This led Representative SABBATH
Democrat. of Illinois, rankdng mi
nority member of the committee, to
explain that the people do not want
"militarism" and that many mill
tary leaders. have told him conf1den-
TALLY that q draft Is not really
necessary.
Representative Wadsworth, Re-
publican, of New York. author Of
the wartime selective servic e act
asked Mr.. Short whether he be-
lieved the Rules Committee should
deny the House chance to vote on
the BILL
Mr.. Short replied that this was a
matter for the committee to decide,
but that II he were a member of
the committee, he would vote
against reporting it out. He pre-
dicted that "if this bill is reported
out, I'm afraid some of my COL
leagues won't be back in Congress
next year."
The Senate last Thursday passed
78 to 10, draft bill similar in
most respects to the House bill. The
Rules Committee has had the House
measure since it was reported out
more than month ago by the
Armed Services Committee.
Both bills provide for drafting
of men 10 through Is for two years
service. The House bill, sponsored
by Representative Andrews, would
require registration of men 1S
through 30. The Senate-approved
bill calls for registration of those
18 through Is and allows voluntary
enlistment of 18-year-old youths for
year of training.
"Open Rule" in Prospect.
Because of the announcement by
Evening star., 1948-06-14
.BeaIIe Has No Appeal
On Irish Veterans
Custer, Chief Says

Morris A. Bealle, Washington
satirist and publisher who has been
summarily dismissed as national
judge advocate of the Irish War
Veterans, has no appeal on the
action, National Commander George
L. Cassidy said today.
Mr. Bealle, in Mr.. Cassidys dis
missal notice of June IL. was as
sailed for his ''light-headed and
highly humorous handling" Of Pres
ident Truman in a book entitled
washington Squirrel Cage for
l948.'"
The satire. one of several pub
lished by Mr.. Bealle since 1912,
characterized the President as High
Tax Harry" and accused him of
continuing destructive New Deal
policies" the National Commander
said.
Defends Dismissal Action.
The book also contained, accord
ing to Mr.. Cassidy's press release,
ailusions to Gen. Eisenhower as a
tool of the British" and to Senator
Vandenberg as "Michigan's vacil-
lating, oscillating. titillating Sena-
torial jumping jack"
! Defending the dismissal action,
Comdr. Cassidy said ut is not, in
my opinion, a violation of his con :
stitutional rights of free speech, as
he CMr. Bealle) claims"
Mr.. Bealle could not be reached
for comment.
The Irish War Veterans an
nouncement to newspapers said the
authors "satirical attack" is
Ibis established prerogative. What
makes his position untenable with
the Irish War Veterans is that he
Is our chief legal and technical
adviser, our key legislative repre-
sentative and the second ranking
national officer in this sector"
Senate Secretary Notified.
HE was all that" Mr.. Cassidy
said today, emphasizing the was" F"
He has no recourse to the dis
missal action. We have some de-
fense hearings coming up at the
Capitol, and If he shows up I'll tell
the committee he does not repre-
sent us.
I'm fact" Mr.. Cassidy said. "1've
already sent q note to the secretary
of the Senate to that effect"
He added in his press release that
veterans cannot take lightly dis
respect for their commander in
chief. Mr.. Bealle is therefore kaput
- and the Irish War Veterans
wash their hand of him.
I'VE agree with much that he
writes, particularly about Drew
Pearson, Walter Winchell. Felix
Frankfurter and Mrs. Roosevelt" "
the release continued. 1--WE also
like the kindly treatment given Sem
ator Taft, Gen. Macarthur, Speaker
Martin and Irish Jim Farley"
Evening star., 1948-06-14
Woman Accuses Conductor
OF Attack in Subway Train
By the Asseeioted Press

BY the Associotsd Press
NEW YORK. June 14.-Harolc
Weir, %, subway conductor, wa.
booked on a charge of rape early
today after a woman told police he
attacked her in a subway trair
shortly before last midnight.
Detectives said the woman gave
her name as Mrs. Kathleen O'Dar-
row, 26, of Flushing, Queens.
Weir, who Is colored, was quoted
by police as saying he had awakened
the woman in the train and kissed
her, but denied any attempt to at
tack her.
The assault allegedly occurred in a
Lexington Avenue. IRT
train. The woman was the lone pas
senger in the rear, car.
Mrs. ODarrow, who said she was
married secretly to Marine during
the war, told police she came to New
York from her home In Lancaster,
Pa, about two months ago.
Evening star., 1948-06-14
EiisIer
Continued From First Page.)

was filed too late and that 1t was
insufficient.
Among other points made In az
nrming the conviction was that
Eisler's lack Of American citizenship
did not raise a bar to his being
summoned by q Congressional in
vestigating committee for aid In
securing its purpose.
I'VE need not review here the
question whether the inquiries pur-
sued by this committee are consti-
tutionally lawful, which Is raised by
appellant" the court declared.
This question also. has been de-
cided in other cases, the appellate
court pointed out.
The profession Of good faith
by appellant regarding his refusal
to comply with the demands of the
committee avails him nothing since
there was ample evidence to demon
strate that his refusal was deliberate
and Intentional which is sufficient
to constitute violation of the
statute involved here" the court
said.
Regarding a contention that Els
Ter, In the status of an "interneo
enemy alien," could not be required
to give testimony before the com.
mittee, the opinion said that his ar.
rest did not nmlify the subpoena
previously issued in lawful manner
by the committee" -
Prettynan Dissents.
Justice Z. Barrett Prettyman, who
wrote a dissenting opinion, declared
that he thought the affidavit of bta,
and prejudice filed by Eisler in the
trial court was sufiicient under the
statute to require the disqualifica
ton Of the Judge to whom 1t was
addressed and that the affidavit was
filed in time"
When appearing before the House
Committee on American Actiyi.
ties, Eisler had refused to be swor,
IN to testify unless allowed to make
a preliminary statement, which the
committee would not permit him
to do.
Justice Prettyman said he thought
the court erred in refusing to permit
Eisler to prove what he intended to
say to the committee when he asked
for three minutes before being
sworn"
Justice Prettyman also said he
thought that Judgment of acquittal
should have been directed on the
ground that the Government failed
to prove that appellent was sum-
moned to testify in a matter Of In
quiry submitted to the committee
by the Congressional resolution.
This record does not show" JUS
tice Prettyman wrote, "and we dc
not yet know, what it was that the
committee wanted the appellant tc
testify about"
Il do not share the view Of my
brethren in respect to the general
conduct Of the trial." he wrote.
Justice James M. Proctor shared
in the rajority opinion written by
Justice Clark.
Evening star., 1948-06-14
Maritime
Continued From First Page)

underlying cause Of the strike
threat.
Mr.. Friedman said Mr.. Clark
had put him in charge of a cen
tralized operation" with representa-
tives in San Francisco and Cleve-
land set TO make similar Injunction
applications.
Other Court Moves Planned.
The Justice Department may ask
"other things" in addition to in
functions against q strike. Mr..
Friedman said. He refused to dis
cuss these angles or reveal the
timing of the moves in San Francis
ca and Cleveland. except to say he
and his representatives would act
according to schedule"
Further mediation sessions also
were arranged here today.
The National Council OF the
NMU voted unanimously here yes
terday to call the strike as scheduled
unless the shipowners sign a salts
factory agreement before the con-
tract expiration deadline.
A union statement. issued by
Ferdinand C. Smith, NMU national
secretary, said the council charged
the shipowners with refusing to
'bargain collectively on any I'M
provement in wages, hours and con-
ditions."
Council Hits Administration.
The owners, the statement de-
eiared, insist that conditions which
has been established for many years
be eliminated and that the open
shop be instituted and job security
for seamen destroyed"
The council condemned what 1t
called "the strike breaking role OF
the Truman administration and the
Republican Congress on behalf OF
the ship owners"
The shipping tieup already has
started against some companies on
the Great Lakes.
The National Labor Relations
Board was scheduled to start its
machinery today toward decision
on whether the hiring halls are
Taft Hartley Violate An NLRB
examiner was to begin hearings in
Chicago on charges that the NMU
violated the law when it insisted on
renewal Of hiring hall contracts with
companies on the Great Lakes.
The unions involved in the dis
pute include the National Maritime
Union, Marine Engineers Beneficial
Association and American Radio
Association, all CIO afiliates on
the East and Gulf Coasts; the In
ternational Longshoremen's and
Warehousemen's Union and Marine
Cooks and Stewards, both C1O; the
International Brotherhood of Elec-
trical Workers, AFL. and the Fire
men and Oilers, independent, all OF
the West Coast, in addition to the
Pacific Division of the engineers.
Evening star., 1948-06-14
Girl Stabbed 10 Death
In Baltimore; Seaman Held
BY the Associoisd Press

BALTIMORE, June IA sea-
man was charged today with fatally
stabbing a 22-year-old girl before
terrified Sunday strollers in Druid
Hill Park.
Police said Miss Duby Davis, ~,
colored, was stabbed 18 times before
passersby could intervene. She died
80 minutes after admission to a hos
pital.
John Knoles, 26. colored, was
charged with causing her death.
Police also were looking for e man
who fred 10 shots in a Baltimore
tavern Saturday, killing two per-
sons.
The victims were identified as
Marion Tabon and Mildred Dyson,
both colored.
Evening star., 1948-06-14
Rush Relief To
Sufferers From
Rheumatism, Pain

Thousands Of sufferers from the torturins
pains due to rheumatism. sciatica, iumbaRo.
neuralgia and neurtis-are mighty happy over
their discovery Of NoRITO. Now they havs
found 4 quick acting formula which speedily
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the 10Y Of relief iron pain-so you can work N
peace and sleep in comfort-be wise and Try
EORITO under this ronclad guarantee. II the
very first three doses do not relieve that eruea
pain to your satHfaction-your money vii b
wounded Don't suffer. See your druggist tsAA1
eod set NORITO - tn guarsntse.
Evening star., 1948-06-14

| Republican leaders last week that
draft bill has top priority on
must" list Of legislation before ad-
journment, one or two other Rules
Committee members opposing the
draft might vote to put 1t on the
House calendar.
An "open rule" allowing general
floor amendments was in prospect
House procedure would limit debate
on the rule and the bill itself to
perhaps three or four hours and
restrict most individual speeches to
about five minutes.
Representative Powell. Democrat
of New York has served notice he
intends to offer 81 amendments "foi
the complete elimination Of jim
Crow in the armed forces" Many
of these will be similar to civil
rights amendments which Senator
Langer, Republican, of North Da.
kota tried to add to the Senate bill
The Senate rejected those amend
ments after leaders of both parties
declared those issues should be de-
bated on their own merits and not
as riders to military manpower legis-
lation.
Amendments Are Ready.
House opponents also are ready
to offer amendments whereby the
President would decide when regis
tration and drafting should begin
or whether first draft calls would
be limited to certain age groups or
specialized categories. The Senate
rejected an amendment to provide
for "push-button" action by the
President.
Military officials estimate thai
between 100000 and $50 900 unmar.
ried nonveterans 19 through q
would be drafted the first year te
bring the Regular forces up te
authorized strength. That does moi
include about $1,000 in the l8.
year-old group who could enlist.
Passage of a draft bill in its pres
ent form would put the law into
effect at once, but inductions prob.
ably would not begin for 60 to 90
days.
According to tentative plans, draft
calls would be by age groups in
stead of by drawing numbers by
lot as during the war.
Groups Would Be Classified.
After the registration of men
+ in the overall age brackets, a par
ticular group such as the 21-year-
olds would be classified first for In
duction. Those eligible for imme-
diate induction would be called
according to their birthdays. For
example, those who were II on
January / would be first, the jan
uary 2 group second, etc.
No decision has been made as to
the order of age groups, oficials
said. Signs point to calling 10 and
20-year -old men last.
According to census reports. there
are about 7,7S3, 900 men 10 through
Is, but only 1,552,000 are in the
unmarried, non-veteran classifica-
ton.
The registration would be handled
by about 1000 local draft boards, as
compared with 6.442 during the war.
The Office of Selective Service rec
ords, which would be merged into
the new selective service system, es-
Inmates that administration of the
peacetime draft would cost about
$40 0OO,O00 during the first year,
Both Senate and House bills pro-
vide a tvo-vear life for a draft law.
Evening star., 1948-06-14
SpeI|man Saw Great Many
F|eeinq China Reds, He Says
By the Assoeiotsd Press


NEW YORK, June 14.-Francis
Cardinal Spellman, returning here
by plane last night. said that in
China he saw "a great many refu-
gees from Communist persecution.
He said he saw many priests ex-
PEELED from their missions, which
had been burned"
War tension in the Far East "is
the same as it is all over the world,
he said.
Japan is peaceful and orderly and
the men in charge are pleased by the
low crime rate" he added.
The cardinal returned from Aus
tralia, where he attended the d.
ocesan centenary celebration at
Melbourne. He also visited Hawaii
and British possessions in the Pacific
in addition to China and Japan.
The cardinal praised the devotion
Of missionaries and their sacrifices
for their fellow men,
Evening star., 1948-06-14
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Evening star., 1948-06-14
Austin Takes Vacation

LAKE SUCCESS, June Il R.--
Warren r. Austin, chief American
delegate to the. United Nations. has
gone to Burlington, Vt, on vaca-
ton. His aides said he probably
will be away from his duties here
for about a month. Deputy Delegate
Philip Jessup will direct the Amer
lean delegation and sit on the
Security Council, in Mr.. Austin's
absence. - Z - r., AZ
Evening star., 1948-06-14
Old Age
Continued From First Page.)

large groups Of workers now ex-
cluded-the self-employed, farm
workers and household workers.
1t provides no general increase in
benefits under the program and re-
quires no immediate change in the
social security taxes. These taxes
are, scheduled to increase in 1856
from l per cent to is per cent each
on employers payrolls and en-
ployes' pay. Mr.. Truman had asked
the increase be effective January !
l949.
This bill deals only with the social
security old-age and survivors in
surance.
Evening star., 1948-06-14

EDUCATIONAL.
Evening star., 1948-06-14

EDUCATIONAL
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-06-08

Judge Harry M. Fisher of the Cir
cult court of Cook county. He
said that the U. S. Supreme court
had settled the issue in racial re-
~strictive covenant suits.
This case had dragged through
the courts for three years. Sgd
ney F. Brown and Moore led in
the defense of this ease.
Other cases dismissed were
Cornelius. Tyree; Klompmaker VS..
Topper; Cornell VS.. Green Gables
Giblin VS.. Rosenthal, Pliscott VS..
Hutchinson, Mccarthy VS.. Weiss,
Riley VS.. Smity Built; Willough-
by VS.. Martin; Wilson VS.. Cox;
Dickerson VS.. Caplan.
Dickerson VS.. Brady; Park Man
or Improvement association VS..
Rutt, and Park Manor Improve
ment association VS.. Dixon.
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-06-08


crimination-things against which
we fear we can do very little.
The time has come for us to
give the Negro worker his due.
The rise of the Negro race since
emancipation, our winning and
holding a beach head in the face
of stiff competition in northern
industrial areas, is due entirely to
the superior qualities Of the Ne
gro workers. AS workers we have
on the whole recognized, seized,
and held the opportunities which
American industry has offered us.
And we have done if under great
handicaps and w.rkcut the positive
incentives which are available to
other workers.
The story of the Negro in
American industry is truly heroic.
And people who don't understand
it most certainly do not under
stand the Negro worker of his ca
liabilities and; therefore, are UNI
fit to represent him to others nor
to raise himself in his own esti-
nation.
True the Negro worker has lit
tie of the push or apparent ag-
gressiveness of the white worker.
He knows it is not expected Of
him, and that probably it would
be resented by the very same en-
ployers who would applaud it in
whites. Moreover, the rewards for
efficiency and successful competi-
ton are not so obvious for Ne
groes as for whites. AS a matter
of fact American industry as a
whole operates in a manner to dis
courage high efficiency and am
bition in Negroes.
The absence of these rewards
would be fatal to workers less de-
termined than Negroes and less
able to do a good job despite the
absence of most of the positive
rewards. Such as promotions, sen
iority, wage increases and more
pleasant work. White employers
are not in the habit of doing fav.
ors for us. Beginning with the
most mental and poorly paid tasks
in American industry, we have
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-06-08
The Labor View
By G. F. McCray for AMP

Prejudiced white employers are
not the only people who keep Ne
gro workers from getting jobs.
Many of our well-meaning cen
emies" are highly respected and
occupy well-paid positions on Ur-
ban league staffs, in the person
mel offices of employers, in state
employment services, and on the
staffs of a few settlement houses.
The charge that these people
restrict the employment opportun-
tiles of Negroes, covers a lot of
territory and will require a lot
of proving. 1t is based not so much
on what has been written, but
what on frequently hears.
1t might be a form of greatly
exaggerated self-criticism under
taken to drive the Negro worker
toward even greater perfection,
but the fact is very few of the
people who are trying to "sell'
Negro workers to themselves and
to employers, ever say much in
their favor. To judge from what
one hears even from the mouths
of u friends, Negro workers are
not industrious, efficient, depend
able, reliable, and ambitious.
Neither do they have a high sense
of loyalty to their employer. They
are noisy, rough and dirty, ect.,
ETC., and etc.
Our friends, even our paid de-
tenders, who make these sweep
ing statements usually have only
a few isloated cases in mind. And
l have seen Negro audiences, COM
posed largely of workers, listen to
the misrepresentation in good hui
NOR and seemingly without pro-
test-as though it were all in fun
and unintentional exaggeration.
| suppose one of the reasons
why this sort of villification anc
misrepresentation of the Negro
worker has been idulged in sc
long is due to our love of self
persecution and condemnation. Il
we believe strongly in ~ourselve!
even when the belief is justified
by our achievement, we will b.
hurt nor by prejudice and dis
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-06-08
IA Covenant Gases
Dismissed in Chicago

CHICAGO, June 8. CAMP
Fourteen racial restrictive cove
nant cases were thrown out of the
courts here last week, according
to Atty. Loring B. Moore, repre-
sentative of the defendants in
most of the cases in Cook county
courts.
The n considered most dan
gerous by Moore, Bessie Lowen-
meyer against the Rev. Ross D..
Brown and Bessie Lowenmeyer
against others, was thrown out by
The Ohio daily-express. (Dayton, Ohio) 1946-1950, 1948-06-08

fought through one occupational
bland alley after another. The dis
tribution of Negro workers, de-
spite doubts and malicious pess-
imism, is spreading rapidly thru
American industry and upward
into skilled occupations. Sure the
tide of our advance ebb and flows
but we are always left with a net
gain.
If we would speed the advance
ment of the Negro worker in
American industry perhaps it
would be better to emphasize the
strong points Of Negro workers
to both employers and to Negroes
themselves. If our civic agencies
can't do this then certainly they
should leave the Negro worker
alone to fight his battles as best
he can.