davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19
Which Side of the Bread Is Our
Margarine On.2

The time has come when, in all
fairness, we may as well admit that
there are two sides to every ques-
tion. Even in politics.
Abe Lincoln once explained this
by showing that the word liberty
has two meanings. "The Shepherd .
Lincoln said, "drives the wolf from
the sleeps throat for which the
sheep thanks the shepherd as his
Iliberator, while the wolf denounces
him for the same act as the des-
troyer of liberty"
When we listen to these political
speeches on the radio, we try to
figure out which side of the bread
our margarine is on. In other
words, are we sheep or wolf?
Take Bob Taft's recent speech
in which that son of a President
presented as the official Republi-
can view that labor is primarily
responsible for high prices.
Here is what Taft said:
"The situation which gives con-
cern to members of both parties is
the spiral of initiation resulting in
constantly higher prices. But, of
course, the higher prices are caus-
ed directly by the greatly increas-
ed purchasing power of the people
competing for all kinds of food and
other commodities"
Prices, Taft believes, shave been
chasing wages" ever since he help
ed kill OPA.
That's Taft's side of the story.
Now let's look at the other side.
Let's see whether wages went up
higher and faster since the wartime
peak. The year 1914 was the last
full year of war. Profits were at
a peak. Prices were controlled by
OPA. And, there was no unemploy-
ment.
Here are the official Commerce
Department figures:
From 1914 to 1947, profits of
manufacturing corporations jump
ed sc per cent.
From 1914 to 1947, income Of
farmers rose 38 per cent.
From 1914 to 1947, total wages
paid by manufacturing corporations
actually declined u of l per cent,
from 1929 billion in 1914 to $42.7
billion last year. This decline re-
suited from a sharp reduction in
working hours after the war. Dur
ing this same period, profits of
these same corporations rose from
$50 billion to $11 billion-after
taxes. This means that price in
creases since 1914 on manufactured
items have paid $5 billion more in
profits, and not a cent of this
increase went to pay more wages.
That is the side of the picture
that Senator Taft and NOSE of his
Republican colleagues in the United
States Congress don't talk about.
They know which side their bread
is buttered on.
From The Machinist, lam.
Don't be too interesting = it !
makes your hostess nervous.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19
California Labor
Endorses Truman

San Francisco (LPA)-Meeting
here last week the executive com
mittee of the California Federation
of Labor, and the statewide LLPE
endorsed President Harry S. Tru-
man, and pledged its support to
him and viee-presidential candidate
Sen. Alben Barley Cd. Ky.) The
AFL leaders also gave their sup
port to number of candidates for
the state legislature and the US
Congress, and indicated their posi-
tion on a number of referendum
questions that will confront Cali
fornia voters on their November
ballots.
Among the candidates for Con-
gress to win LLPE support were
Reps. Helen Gahagan Douglas,
Chet Holifield and Frank Haven
ner, all Democrats. The three, who
are being opposed by Republican
and Progressive Party candidates,
opposed the enactment of Taft
Hartley and have consistently vot-
ed and worked for liberal legisla-
tion.
Among the referendum PROPOSE
tions which the AFL is supporting
are plans to increase state social
security benefits, reapportionment
of state senatorial districts to pro-
vide democratic legislature, and
state aid to localities in meeting
the housing shortage,
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19
Pay Increases
Reported General
Tabulation Shows

! New York City (ILNS).-Tht
third round of pay increases since
the war has brought general in
creases throughout industry in the
Middle Atlantic States, it is indi-
Gated by a tabulation of wage
changes made public by the region
al office of the U. S. Bureau OF
Labor Statistics.
More than $50 companies and Is
government agencies in 28 indus
trial groupings were included in
the bureaus figures. Increases
ranged from cents to 37H cents
an hour, from to 12 per cent, and
in weekly classifications up to
$1,000.
Some increases were temporary
cost-of-living bonuses but many
agreements have wage reopening
clauses.
No Wage Cuts Included
No wage cuts were included in
the report. Four agreements con-
tanned no increases but did pro-
vide for paid holidays, shorter
work week without pay cuts, or
other improved conditions.
Few if any white collar workers
were included in the various COM
pany agreements, which were al
most entirely negotiated by labor
unions. dozen agreements provid-
ed for disqualification, life or ac-
Icident insurance, or other benefits,
emphasizing a trend started more
than a year ago.
Rejecting record high in
wage rates for union workers in
the building trades reported re-
Gently by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, the increases reported
for construction workers in the
area averaged relatively high, from
13 cents to 3712 cents an hour. The
37H cents an hour increase for
building laborers in Newark, N. j.,
brought their wage to $2.125, a re-
cord high for the job in the coun-
try, and compared with $1.70 in
this city as Of July Is. The New
ark laborers, however, gave up
nine paid holidays. Plasterers in
the Pittsburgh area also got 3712
cents an hour increase.
School Pay Raised
School teachers and school en-
ployes received increases in most
of the Is communities listed. City
of Passaic, N. j., got in
creases from 5000 to $400 a year.
Many thousands Of workers were
covered cy the agreements listed,
the largest group in the area be-
ing 100000 General Electric en-
ployes who got an s percent rise.
In this city $500 charwomen and
10000 building elevator operators
were covered in agreements be-
tween the Building Service En-
ployes International Union, AFL,
and the Realty Advisory Board on
Labor Relations.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19
Green And Keenan,
Hail Results OF
Vote In Tennessee

Washington, D. c. (ILNS)-Ten-
nessee primary election results
pleased American Federation OF
Labor spokesman, who saw evidence
of labor's political power in the vot-
ing.
AFL President William Green
said he was Every elated over the
election results in Tennessee be-
cause the federation had strongly
supported" 2 of the winning con-
gressional candidates. He referred
to Estes Kefauver, Democratic win
ner of the senatorial nomination
and Representative Dayton E. Phil
lips, Republican, seeking renomi-
nation. Phillips was one of the few
Republicans who voted against the
Taft Hartley Act.
"Both were on our side on the
Taft Hartley law" Green said. He
declared the election outcome sis
a demonstration of labor's politi-
cal strength. | hope it is fore
runner of what will happen later
in the campaign when labor unites
in supporting candidates who voted
for it."
Green added that the AFL was
very active in the Tennessee cam
paign.
Joseph D. keenan,, director of
the AFL's Labor League for Poll
tical Education, declared the re-
suits show "that labor can be
counted on to reward its friends
and rebuke it's enemies regardless
of party lines"
"The fight of Representative Ke-
fauver to unseat Senator Stewart
who supported the Taft-Hartley
Act and other antilabor legislation
is we'll KNOWN" continued Kee-
nan.
"Not so we'll known to the pub
lie is the hard fight in the 1st
Tennessee congressional district,
formerly represented by Carroll
Reece. Republican reactionaries
tried to kill off Representative
Phillips because of his votes
against the Taft Hartley law and
his other support of labor. In the
Ia counties of his district his vic
tory was made possible by the vote
of the 5 labor counties.
'In addition the Tennessee gov.
ernor who promoted antilabor Leg
islation was defeated by the labor
endorsed former Representative
Browning"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19
Union Lobor Best
CONTINUED From Page One)

state how much they had gained
by cooperating with the unions.
Since then the owners and John
Sorenson, Council secretary, have
received inquiries from property
owners and contractors in a num-
ber of Southern cities asking how
they too can establish good work
ing relations with trade unions,
Then, last week, "Voice of Amer
lea" declared that it is going to
broadcast this story of American
democracy thruout the world.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19
|Left-Wing Local
Leaders Hit By
ICI0 Store Union

New York (LPA)-The Retail
Wholesale & Dept Store Employees
last week told "left-wing" leaders
of local unions to comply with the
non-Communist affidavit provisions
of the Taft-Hartley law or resign
! President Samuel Wolchek and
other "right-wing" leaders of the
union made it clear that they in
tend to enforce the boards decis-
ion to the limit.
Background for the internation-
ais strenuous action was the re-
cent victory of the Retail Clerks
Protective Ass'n-AFL in an NLRB
election among employees of the
Oppenheim-C ollins department
store, which has had a contract
with the CIO union for a number
of years. Rep. Fred Hartley (R.,
N. J.) has used the allegedly Com
munist tactics of the leaders of
some of the Gotham department
store locals as an excuse for a
probe into the unions affairs.
President Wolchok, and all but
two of the international board
members, contended that the refus-
al of local officers to sign the Taft
Hartley affidavits will continue to
leave the union wide open to raid
ing. The NLRB turned down on
technical grounds a request by the
International to place it on the OPP
penheim- Collins ballot. So the nom
compliance of the locals officers
virtually assured the victory of the
AFL affiliate.
The executive board ruling
threatens local leaders who do not
comply with its "sign or resign"
resolution with immediate expul
sion proceedings.
After the meeting Wolchok de-
clared that most of the members
of the local affected would welcome
the international's action. They
have been torn between their 10y
atty to the union and their dismay
at the pro-Communist maneuvers
of some local officers, he stated.
In addition to the department
store locals, Local 65, warehouse
mems union, whose publicity agent
boasted recently that it is "the
toughest left-wing union in New
York" comes within the scope of
the executive board ruling.
Under the general ruling, the
board then proceeded to order the
store locals, whose un-
ion security contracts expire Aug.
%, to comply with the law and
then Immediately petition the
NLRB1 for union shop authorize
ton polls. The international presi-
dent, and the unions top advisory
board are authorized to extend this
order to all cases where they deem
its application necessary.
No comment has come yet from
the left-wing officials, some of
whom are acknowledged members
Of the Communist party. Three
courses are believed open to them
if they decide to buck the move to
dump them; attempt to remain as
the powers behind the-thrones of
the locals after resigning top of
fees; try to pull the locals out of
the international; and, finally, util-
ize the unions constitutional pro-
cedures to the fullest to obstruct
the carrying out of the executive
boards order.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19
NOTICE DISH JIGGERMEN
AND DISH BAT'EERSOUT

I A special meeting has been.
called for Saturday morning,
August 21 at 10 a. m. in room
8, Brotherhood hall, in compli-
ance with resolution I'll which
was adopted in convention,
seeking a uniform rate of pay
for battersout on all dish jobs.
Out of town members are urg-
ed to attend.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19
NOTICE l.. u. I55

All members are urged to
be present at our next meet
ing on Wednesday, Aug. 25 to
vote on salaries of national
president and secretary-treas-
urer. BY order of president.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19

For the benefit of those who
have not as yet voted on the
referendum now before the
trade, polls will open at 600
p. m. at our next regular
scheduled meeting on August
"a, and at II noon, the follow
ing meeting on August 81.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19

In order that all members
will have an opportunity to
vote on the referendum now
before the trade, polls will be
open from 1890 p. m. until
close Of meeting on August 2T.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19

If a man supports the family,
why shouldn't he be the best-dress-
ed member of it? The American
male has lot to learn.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19

If you need $4,000 always ask
your banker for $4,000. If you
don't pay, he figures he saved the
bank $4,000, that being the sum
he didn't lend.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19
NOTICE CASTERS

Polls will be open from A p.
m. until close of meeting on
August 23 for voting on refer
endum of officers salaries.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-08-19

Hog prices have reached an all
time high.
Evening star., 1948-07-23
ParapIegics' Bond SET
AT $4,000 in Shooting
BY the Assoeioied Press

MEMPHIS, Tenn, July 23.-Two
semi-paralyzed Texas veterans were
held in $1,000 bond each today on
Federal charges Of intent to murder
In connection with the shooting Of
q third paraplegic.
The two-28-year-old Wallace
Rice Of Amarillo and 2o-year-
Dow Duckworth of Gainesville
were arraigned before United States
Commissioner Leslie Nicholson yes
terday and their preliminary hearing
set for Wednesday.
DR.. Clyde Beck. Kennedy Vet
Grams Hospital manager, said Rice
shot Richard Hicks, 81, of Canalou,
Mo, in the left thigh July Is. The
shooting occurred. he said, after the
two men rolled their wheelchairs
to the sun porch and fought until
both fell to the floor.
Rice obtained the pistol from
Duckworth shortly after the fight,
the doctor said. He said Rice tried
to shoot Hicks as he lay sleeping,
but the gun jammed. Later, he
added, Duckworth cleared the pistol
for Rice, who then shot Hicks in
the leg.
At the arraignment, Duckworth
said, Il had nothing to do with the
shooting. I did unjam the gun, but
1t was through fear I did that"
Evening star., 1948-07-23
Corning Offers Plan
For Bell Students

A third proposal to find quarters
for the students of Bell Vocational
School was made yesterday by
Hobart M. Corning, superintendent
of schools.
The newest plan would transfer
Powell Junior High School students
into the Central High School build
ing and put Bell students In the
vacated Powell building. Mr.. Corn
ing also proposed using the johnson
Elementary school at Hiatt place and
Lamont street NV for apprentice
training.
A meeting to consider the proposal
is to be called for / pm. Tuesday by
c. Melvin Sharpe, acting chairman
on the Board Of Education's COM
mittee on building and grounds.
The Bell school is now situated in
an old building at Seventh and o
streets NV, a part of which has
been condemned.
One previous recommendation by
Mr.. Corning that Powell students
be scattered among other junior
high schools and the Powell building
used for Bell students was rejected
by the board, parent-teacher and
citizens groups.
A second plan. which would have
put all Bell students into Central
High. was abandoned when 1t be-
came apparent that Central facili-
ties were Inadequate.
Evening star., 1948-07-23
Chicago Livestock

CHICAGO. July 90 tP.-salable hogs,
4, 600: total, 6,OOO fairly active and un-
evenly steady to so cents higher; mostly
few loads weishty butchers up least top,
pounds pounds 50. .oo-so. 90; a5o-s70 pounds,
IS oO-s9 90; asO-3oO pounds, 26.25-27 .5O
few loads. s75-425 pounds. q .50-22.5o;
g. 9o-25 90; dev under s9e pounds; to
rs So' soSraSo poSnas Oo1se7sS ls7S.s1sS Il 56os55o
pounds, Is. 1919. SO; good cIsaranee:
Salable cattle, 500; total, LOO; sal
able calves, 800: total, 300: general mar
ket slow at weeks sharp decline; due to
better dressing conditions cows little
more active: this class predominated; some
good to choice steers and yearlings not
being shown: good to low choice, 1,225.
pound steers, $500; loadlot top, odd
choice head, to $3.50; medium and goo
steers and heifers. 20.00-32 90: good beeI
cows. to $3.50; most beef COWS 1850
%. so: Gamers and cutters, II 4.50-1S.0 90;
heavy sausage bulls, to $500: vealers, to
saiable sheep, 500: total. 1900: spring
lambs and yearlinss weak to SO cents
lower: most sales spring lambs, so cents
| of at 2e.00 for good and choice native
| ewes and wether kinds. with bucks dis.
counted LOO: one or two small lots spring
lambs topped at 90 so; few medium and
good srades. 22.50-27 90; part-deck good
to choice 96-pound shorn yeariinss with
No. 1 pelts, %. 90; sprinkling shorn native
ewes, e.OO-115O
Evening star., 1948-07-23
Former Browns Master Cells
I estedbyG yGovernmentScientists

Some af the cells, which are said
to be contained in porous cement
matrices resembling clay pigeons,
were tested by the Massachusetts,
State chemist this week, according
to the Associated Press. The chem
ist said he was unable to detect any
property not possessed by an ordi-
nary concrete block.
The 61-year-old farmer, who also
Is pharmacist, buries the matrices
in the ground or places them In
wells. The master cells eventually
reach crops and livestock. he
claimed.
Farmer Brown said he welcomed
the Investigations, declaring: We're
10000 years ahead of the world and
we can prove it."
Evening star., 1948-07-23

Government chemists today began
to look into Farmer John Browns
master cells" which the Middleboro
CMass) man says are good for crops
but poison to animal diseases.
Food and Drug Administration ex-
perts launched tests at the agency's
laboratory at Beltsville, under direc-
ton of DR.. Henry E. Moskey, chief
of the Veterinary Division, and DR..
G. C. Roe. parasitologist. The tests
will require several weeks.
The cells will be tried against a
disease of chickens, possibly malady
called "coccidiosis."
I'VE are very skeptical." George P.
Larrick, assistant commissioner Of
Food and Drug Administration, COM
mented.
Evening star., 1948-07-23
Stocks Edge Higher
with Rails Leading;
Oils, SteeIs Lag
By the Assoeioted Press

NEW YORK, July IA slow
rally got under way in the stock
market today for the fourth session
In q row.
Railway issues pulled well In front
of the balance of the market with
gains running to around 2 points.
Oils and steels, faltered after an
early show Of strength.
Activity was fairly rapid at the
start but soon begged down.
The main sustaining factors in
the market were the slight pickup
in optimism over the Berlin situa-
ton and another batch of favorable
corporation news.
Nickel plate common and pre-
ferred paced the rail division with
gains Of around 2 points.
Smaller advances were posted for
Santa Fe, New York Central, South
ern Pacific, Great Northern pre-
ferred, Chesapeake & Ohio, Ameri-
can Smelling, United States Steel,
Bethlehem Steel, Montgomery
Ward, Republic Aviation, ConsoN.
dated Natural Gas, westinghouse
Texas Co.
Evening star., 1948-07-23
Rhodesion Pay Roises
For Natives Protested

Various cities of Southern Rho
desia have protested the action OF
the colony's government in an
nouncing a blanket wage increase
for native labor on the railroads
and in other industries, Bulawayo
reports.
The country Is split into two
camps-the Diehards, who think
too much Is being done for the
natives, and the Progressives, who
say better living conditions for the
natives will improve everybody's
standard of living In Salisbury,
the principal objection voiced was
the fear that the wage increases
would bring large-scale migration
of natives from the country to the
large Industrial areas.
Evening star., 1948-07-23
ABC Weighs Protests
On License Transfer

The Alcoholic Beverage Control
Board today is considering protests
made at hearing yesterday against
the granting Of a license transfer
for Naylor Liquors from 1898 Con-
necticut avenue to 1896 Alabama
avenue Sc.
Naylor Liquors, which is pack
age store, applied for a transfer
some time ago through Ben and Mrs.
Mae Ticken. proprietors. At once
the board began receiving CON-
plants from nearby residents, citi-
zens association and churches.
The protests from the Hillcrest
Citizens Association were made BY
James H. Reed, member of the
executive committee of the associa-
ton; Marion West. vice president.
and Mrs. James T. Mcintosh, chair
man of the education committee.
They said the neighborhood already
has enough liquor stores.
The Rev. Glenn Bedell Faucet,
pastor of the East Washington Bap-
tist Church, and the Rev. Henry
l.. Rhodes, pastor of Holy Comforter
Lutherans Church also opposed the
proposed transfer.
Raymond v. Taylor, Of the real
estate firm representing the owners
Of the store, said his company had
made repeated attempts to have
other merchants rent the store but
mad been unsuccessful.
Attorney David Hornstein, for the
Skyland Liquor Store. 224s Good
Hope road Sc, opposed the trans
fer because he told the board his
client and another liquor store in
the vicinity are able to supply all
the demands in the neighborhood.
Meanwhile. charges against the
management of Little Iron Horse
Grill No. 2, 1418 Florida avenue
NE, were dismissed by the board
yesterday because the preponder-
ance of evidence was in favor of the
management Of the restaurant.
Richard Flippo Cannady, mana
ger Of the restaurant. was charged
at hearing Tuesday with selling
Intoxicating beverages to a person
under the influence Of liquor and
permitting the person to remain on
the premises nj an intoxicated con-
dition.
Evening star., 1948-07-23
FOREIGN Exchange

NEW YORK, July 23 pa new oper
market rate of 17as cents was quoted
today on the Mexican peso after dealings
at the previous ofhcial rate of 20.61 cent.
was suspended yesterday by the Bancc
Nacional de Mexico in Mexico City.
T., No of,eisi @ rate has yet been establishes
and the International Monetary Fund
the final rate is expected to exceed the 1f
be made without permission of the fund
Other foreign EXCHANGE rates follow
Canadian dollar in New York open mar.
ket, 7'4 per cent discount or 92.25 United
Europe-Great Britain pound. 81 .O3A
unehansed; Great Britain, 30.day futures
4.021s. unchansed: Great Britain, 60-dsy
futures. 4.O2ss, unchanged; Great Brit.
ain, 90-day futures, 4.o1ss. UNCHANGED
France (franc), 32s4 Of q cent, unchanged
Italy nirD.- July fixed rate. .O01 739; June
.001739: Sweden krona), 27s5. un.
changed; Switzerland Nranc) tfree), so
OF .05 of a cent.
latin America-Argentina ffreel. 90. son
UNCHANGED: Brazil tfree). $50, unchansed
Mexico, 1S3s new rAtel
Evening star., 1948-07-23
CHICAGO Grain

generally held steady today while thu
feed grains, particularly corn, Jumped
about in wide price swings as trading
The steady, tone Of wheat was based
on a belief that large quantities of the
grain were going into the Government
sosro. ,sfs ADS m may y, make grain somewhsi
rsissd It. bayins priss for for CASH h@'@%aa' wheat
h;IS.r haId to follow; This contract opened
sss sssTtss 1s mnsa as ana a "a
In July oats the trend was downward
most OF the session. The shorts we're un-
ner no pressure here, as good quantities
4o Gf graP II. are ayaaSs for deysry
corn and oats contracts held fairly steady
s;$I% ? .ssK. July corn was VI lower m mto
~ higher at 2.Os-2;i2 and July oats were
3A,4A lower at 73A-72A.
70 higher; deferred oats, ss-A higher.
Rye was "a lower. December 1871, and
soybeans were l to 2 higher, July $40.
Wheat, No. 2 red, 2.29h; NoA 8 red
2.2s-29; No. 4 red, 225-27A; No. l hard
mixed, 2.29M-30; No. 2 mixed. 2.27h.
ssh. . Gssrn, so; l mixed, 2;45; No. j vel
!eyi S.1sntieN; os;i e. No; 4, 2.14A; No; ?
white, sSH .ssH; No. / white, 1851: No
heavy white, s1A; sample grade heavy
white; oo eeh: Barley, nominal; mailing