davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-11-05

Dear Madam:
 The Hospital Board Of the Bishop Rowe General Hospital wish to ex- tend their heartfelt thanks to you and your organization for your
The Wrangell sentinel., 1948-11-05
ts---s-ssssss-ai-A4a4+44-&+&+S4a-a
 COMMUNICATIONS

Nov. 3, 194S Secretary Alaska Naive Sisterhood Wrangell, Alaska
Evening star., 1948-09-03

port levels for all grains will be
lower than at present, even using
today's figures to start estimating
parity. If this new formula were
now in effect, the support level would
be around $1.90 a bushel instead Of
$225, freight included.
But even here there is a joker
Under the long-range bill there isea
transitional parity price" so the
downward slide in price won't be
too great. This price is the old
parity price, less only per cent per
year. Thus it might take several
years to make the transition" from
the current support figure-90 per
cent of parity-to the new level
which the Secretary of Agriculture
can set anywhere from so to 80 per
cent, depending on the size OF the
crop.
Varies With Crop.
If the crop comes to over l30 per
cent of normal. the support will be
only 60 per cent to discourage plant
ing. If the crop is short, less than
10 per cent of normal. the support
figure will be 80 per cent to encour-
age planting.
The story is the same for, the
other basis crops-corn, rice, peanuts
and tobacco. Peanuts is not basic
crop agriculturally speaking but
because the Southern peanut State
| legislators were able to declare it so
Evening star., 1948-09-03

by law. On other crops the price
support figure will vary from zero
to 80 per cent, with the Secretary
of Agriculture having large discre-
tionary authority he now lacks. But
that will not begin, in general, until
January l. 1850.
Meanwhile, the big wheat crop
just harvested, together with good
crop prospects abroad, will keep
the price of wheat at support
levels. 1t can't go lower. Neither
can corn. also about at the support
levels. The law OF supply and de-
mand stops working when it hits
that support level.
General Trend Affected.
The general trend of all food
prices is affected by wheat and corn,
since they are used both directly as
human food and indirectly to fatten
livestock for human food.
Up to now. the price support pro-
gram for the grains has not, it
Evening star., 1948-09-03
300-MiIIion Crop Aid
Covers Over 5 Years,
President Points Out

President Truman at his
press conference yesterday re-
ferred to the first article in
this series, appearing In Thurs
days Star. a
In reply to a question con-
cerning the high cost of living.
Mr.. Truman said he had no.
ticed The Starl article and
thought it implied that $780,
100000 had been expended to
support crop prices in the last
year.
The President pointed out
that the sum had not been
spent in one year alone and he
told reporters that if they
would read the article carefully,
they would find the figure COW
ers a 5-to-10-year period.
The article said that in the
/ last six years-l943 through the
end of the current crop year
snext June 30-the Government
is, or will be, out Of pocket to
the tune of around $500, 900 600"
Evening star., 1948-09-03

wheat crop, the farmer will receive
the Government figure or more.
He'll take the more if it's offered;
the Government figure, if not.
There is well deflrfed pattern for
wheat in relation to Government
loans to the farmer on his crop.
When the price is above the loan
rate, not much is pledged on loan
(the farmer can back out Of the
loan arrangement, if the price goes
up above the support level. But the
Government can't If it falls below.
The last big loan year was 1912.
The total crop that year was $685.
300 900 bushels, of which 408, 100 900
went under loan.
This years crop is now estimated
at 1924 1923 900 bushels. The price is
down to price support levels again.
The guessing today is that anywhere
from 10000, 900 to 900 900 900 bushels
will go under loan-at 50 bushel to
the farmer.
OPA Price Appears Gone.
1t is clear from the chart that a
return to the last OPA bread price
in June, 1916, of about 10a cents
for a pound loaf is impossible with
So as the basic farm support price
for wheat, even if the millers cut
-four prices in line with wheat costs
and the bakers pass on the past
and future savings.
Do we have permanently high
bread prices then?
The only answer seems to be, yes
as long as we have the present high
support price for wheat.
Is that support price going to con-
tinue?
Under the new farm bill passed
by the Eightieth Congress on June
20. the price of wheat can decline
but only by small amounts each
year. And the support level is
likely to go up before it starts
coming down. even the small amount
possible under the law.
How 1t Works.
This is how it works:
The new farm law continues the
, current price, support law. 80 per cent
of parity for wheat, through the
entire 1949 crop-up to June 80
1850, that Is. Since parity-th,
relationship Of what the farmers
: buy from the city industries to wha
y his products bring-is on the up
j. swing, next years price supper
figures very likely will be ever
higher than this years. The char
shows the price support figures hav'
:" been going up steadily.
r Beginning on July /, 1850, how
= ever, the long-range part of th'
t new farm bill takes effect for wheat
t This part of the law alters the wa.
e parity is figured so that price sup
Evening star., 1948-09-03

and they have been slowly rising to
an August Is price of around $500.
But if the price Of loaf of bread
ought to come down, its current high
price doesn't seem to be related to
the price support the Government
guarantees the farmer for his wheat
up to now.
The future may be a different
story.
On July the price of cash wheat
Evening star., 1948-09-03
Price of Flour Going Up While Wheat Costs Begin Decline;
Food Will Stay High Unless Pegs Are Cut Substantially
(Second of -Four Articles.)
By ChoImers M. Roberts

The price of wheat has skidded !
down to the Governments price
support level What happens now? |
Will the cost of a loaf of bread |
drop?
OF the IA cents the average Ameri-
can pays his grocer for a l-pound
loaf of white bread. about cents
represents the cost of the -four that
goes into it. Flour, that is, not
wheat.
Now look at the chart. The first
thing noticed is the yawning cavity
between the price of wheat and the
price of bread today.
Flour Price on Rise.
Today the bakers say that
while the price of wheat now is
going down. even lower than sup
port levels, the price of -four is on
the rise again. This is a popularity
of the milling business and comes
about this way:
The miller today is buying his
wheat more cheaply. He grinds it.
His products are -four and animal
feed by-products. But there also
is a big decline in corn prices,
rival animal feed. So the miller
is getting less for his by-product.
What happens? This is the way a
-four trade journal expresses it:
With declining millfeed prices
offsetting sharply lower wheat
values, millers are having difficult
time in doing -four business. Buyers
cite the easier grain values and ex-
pect lower flour quotations, but mills
are unable to pass along the reduc-
tions because of smaller returns from
their by-products.
That explanation goes only so far,
however. II the price Of baker S
-four were charted on the same
graph, it would follow the general
pattern Of wheat prices without as
many violent peaks and valleys. In
June, 1916, the price for a typical
100-pound sack was 1881. The first
peak came in March, 1947, at S6.62,
then a decline, then another rise to
a new peak of $3.50 in November
1947, again roughly corresponding
the changes in wheat prices.
$500 Low in June.
Then a similar decline began with
the price dropping to low of S5.09
for June. 1949. But the new crop
prospects with the competitive corn
feed began TO affect the flour prices
Evening star., 1948-09-03

ran headlong into the Government
support price on wheat, set that
day at 1924 for Kansas City, includ-
ing the freight cost to ship it there
from the farm.
Some wheat actually is selling to-
day at less than the support level.
The reason for this seeming incon-
sistency is that the farmer, to OBJ
tain the Government support price,
must store his wheat to meet GER
Evening star., 1948-09-03

tain conditions designed to prevent
it from deteriorating or spelling
But there isn't enough of such ade-
quate storage capacity.
Some Distress" Wheat.
Hence there is some distress"
wheat, which has to be sold for
what it will bring. Agriculture ex-
perts do not expect this cash wheat
price to 60 much below the support
level. however. For the bulk of the
Evening star., 1948-09-03
THE EVENING STAR Washington, D. ca At


seems clear, been responsible
for the high price of that loaf OF
bread. But. if the supports stay as
high as they are, or go higher. or
decline only the modest amount
permitted even under the long
range law, they certainly will be
a factor In keeping food prices high.
Evening star., 1948-09-03
Germqns to Sail Again

Paris hears that American British
arrangements are being completed
to restore the German merchant
feet. Surplus Liberty ships would
be manned with German crews un-
der the German flag, to operate in
the North Sea, the Baltic and to
Iceland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-13
The Democratic Keynote

It will be a healthy thing for the country
and for the world If the forthcoming
political campaign actually is keyed 70 tfie
note which Senator Barley sounded IN MS
eddress tn the convention last night.
Tho sneech was partisan effort
tempered by that political understanding
which comes to some men with age anu
experience. Senator Barley mas peen
through the mill, both as majority anu
minority leader of the Senate, ana Ihe
restraining influence of that experience
vas evident in both the tone ana the
balanced content of his address.
He INDUCED, of course, In the traoltlonal
communication of his own party anu
criticism of the opposition He attacked
the domestic record of the Republican
Congress and took some potshots at the
platform adopted last month by the COZ
But this sort of thing is legitimate politics.
There is nothing in 1t to which any reason
able exception can be taken.
In his discussion of foreign pollcy, oeha-
tor Barley was generous in his trloute 70
those Republican leaders who have nelpeo
to formulate the grand design OF our eHort
in behalf of a peaceful world. In this nelo
his criticism was reserved for the actlVltles
of the Republican "wreckers' in the House.
and they had it coming to them.
Very few people will disagree with MS
thesis that we should take pride In the
opportunity which has come to us, as
Nation, "to inaugurate better world and
a better society" That is indeed the
opportunity, and the challenge, which lies
before us. For this opportunity to be
frittered away in the heat OF Violent
partisan political campaign would be
tragedy of the first order Happily, we
can avoid that if we will settle our po-
utical differences in the spirit IN Whlcn
Senator Barley spoke to the Democrats
and in which Herbert Hoover spoke last
month to the Republicans. e 4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-13
Friend of Feller Speaks Out

To the Editor Of The Star:
What's the idea of panning Bob Feller so
numerically? Even the armchair experts in
the radio booth are at it. Why not look at the
record? Does it make heel out Of team
player? Hardly. No topnotch pitcher in either
league has pitched more often and more in
nings in relief than this same Teller.
And why does Harris want two pitchers from
Cleveland? What would the Old Fox-who's
also stuck his nose in-say if he'd selected two
hurlers from the Senator staff? There was
time you remember, when an All-Star manager
tried to win a pennant by using up the oppo-
sition pitchers. Anyway, he did select Lemon,
and Lemon had the 1913 record, so was entitled
to be chosen.
Another thing! This is the fans game, isn't
it? They pay the freight, and take none OF
the profits They why not make 1t fans
game2 Let them choose the managers-on the
basis of current records the same as the play
ers. Would they have selected Harris? Hard
lyi Or Durocher? Not by mile!
Then. after they've selected the fielding
players, let them select one pitcher from each
club-also on the basis of current records
That would provide a League All-Star team
from the manager down, and would give the
fans something to chew the fat about around
the wood stove at the hunting camp.
You get it. I'm for Teller No one had any
right to pick him on this years record-the
reason being that he Is team-player, and
will work for his team whenever his number
goes up, EDGELEY NODAK.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-13
Dilemma in West Germany

The exchanges of views now going on
between the Western Allied authorities
and the heads of the states in their re-
Spective zones of occupation reveal the
complex difficulties of highly anomalous
situation.
The basic anomaly is, OF course, the
abrogation of German sovereignty. Legally,
there is no German nation but merely an
aggregation Of people living in territory
split four ways by the victorious Great
Powers, who have virtually complete au-
thority in their respective spheres. The in
ability of the Big Four to agree on a Ger
man settlement not only perpetuates
juridical vacuum unprecedented in his
tory but likewise adjourns indefinitely
the recovery Of Germany as a whole.
Faced by deepening economic paralysis,
the three western Powers finally agreed
at the London Conference last spring to
merge their zones and endow the resulting
merger with enough economic and political
autonomy to enable it to stand on its own
feet and enlist the cooperation Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-13
Buses Objected To

To the Editor Of The Star:
One Of the greatest menaces to passenger
cars Is the city buses. Who hiss not seen one
of these hullking vehicles Unfortunately pull
out into the center Of q crowded street. mar
rowly missing half = dozen smaller vehiciss7
II there were another coat Of paint On these
buses, half the passenger cars in town would
have crumpled gray tenders. Actually the hap
hazard maneuvering of buses Is less wearing
on automobiles than on the nerves. Being con-
tinually bullied and narrowly missed by these
massive green-and-grey conveyances - almost
more than one can stand.
Perhaps some think that the size Of We
l,cle Is directly proportional 70 the right OF
way It should take. We realize, Of course
that schedules must be adhered TO- but never
theless we feel that . little precautionary cour-
tesy would pay worthwhile dividends IN gooo
feelings. ChAHeo =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-13
New Court-MortioI System

new and fairer era of military 1ustlce'
should result from operation OF the moo
ernized court-martial system being set up
under authority of legislation passed by
the Eiphtieth Congress. The basis is lalo
for p more even-handed brand OF law en-
forcement in the Army which was SUD-
iected to severe criticism after World War
II for its handling of wartime courts
martial.
1t was as a result of this criticism-some
of 1t we'll justified and some OF 1t lll-foundeo
and intemperate-that the Army asked
group of distinguished iurists and lawyers
to study the problem and recommend i'm
provements This group headed by Dean
Arthur T. Vanderbilt of New York UNI
versity School of Law, conducted an ex-
haustive investigation Of existing pro-
cedures and found number OF things
wrong with them. Less publicized than
the groups recommendations, however,
was its statement that, all in ALL the old
system, while handicapped by defects, had
worked fairly we'll.
Largely as the result of the civilian COM
mittees report, Congress adopted legisla-
ton making the first reforms in the sys-
tenn since 1920. In that year, following
complaints of injustice during the First
World War; several important changes
were made, including the addition to
courts of claw members and provision for
appeals to a review board in serious cases.
In practice under the stress of war, how
ever, it developed that claw members"
were not always skilled in the law and
fnr q
appeal were advisable.
The new court-martial law leaves no
doubt about what is meant by law
member" of court. 1t specifies that he
must be a professional attorney, certi-
fed by the Judge Advocate General as
qualified for his job. Furthermore. both
prosecution and defense must be con-
Quoted by qualified" lawyers-"to the
extent possible" The reservation was in
serted because of the impracticability in
time of war of always having lawyers
available for such duties. AS an assurance
against possible caste" prejudice. an en-
listed man may have enlisted men included
in the court, in the ratio of one enlisted
man to officer Judges.
To meet complaints that courts martial
were Influenced in their findings and YER
diets by fear of commanding officers in
the area, special provision has been made
against reprimand or ACCOMPLISHMENT in
any manner by officers in command. New
avenues of review and appeal are set up,
leading to. new judicial Council in the
Office of the Judge Advocate General
Perhaps, as was the case with the re-
forms adopted in 1920, all of these changes
may not work out as satisfactorily as Con-
sress and the Army Department hope they
will. 1t is relatively easy matter in time
of peace to promulgate rules that seem
right and necessary, but it may not be so
easy to carry out these regulations in the
heat of battle. The new procedures should
90 long way. however, to place military
Justice on a plane more closely aligned
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-13
Capitol Plaza Fountain

TO the Editor Of The Star:
This is q continuation of the discussion about
the father and the son who were stopped
from playing with toy boat in the fountain
pool near the Senate once Building. would
like to say in response to H. E. r. statement
that If the father and son were saved from
possible instant death by electrocution, the
danger there is ever present to any one who
should submerge his hand in this pool. There
fore, think the correct solution to this prob
lem, II H. E. RS statement is so, is to ehmi-
nate the hazard of this electrically hgnpeo
pool
This will give the policeman more time to
devote to real service rather than to shoolng
awav boathoaters. GLEN CAROW.
editors Note: The Office Of the Architect
of the Capitol says that the illuminated 1oun-
tain is not dangerous. Only by the breaking
Of the heavy lenses over the lights could any
BODY be sfocked-and If such breakage nap
pened the whole circuit would be shut OH
automatically and Instantly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-13
Strawberry Ice creom Sodos

Here Is q sight no adult eye should miss.
So tall. 90 cool this s,ceet confecttcn seems
No,o str and eight year old are flled NTH
bliss
As thsy cit doton to realize pale pink
dreams
Faces are flushed and eyes are round and
bright
Above their straws as precious moments
pass;
The syrup losuers from It's foamtng height
Until there Is q remnant IN the glass.
Reluctantly at length Il disappears:
The children sigh NTH happiness ana
rise,
Desire satisfied, their deep content
Shining for all to see toithin their eyes.
No groom up joy can euer seem snoltns1
with the supreme delight OF soda time.
LOUISE DARCy. Il
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-13
Gen. Woshinoton's Woman Spy

If the evidence uncovered by New
York historian Ia 9substantiated, America
owes debt of gratitude to woman spy
whose Revolutionary War service has
never been recognized. According to Nor
ton Pennypacker, official historian OF
Suffolk County, New York, the woman was
Mrs Robert Townsend, beautiful wife of
one of General washingtons more daring
and efficient spies She died from priva-
ton on a British prison ship In New York
Harbor.
1t is fascinating story of Revolutionary
espionage which Mr.. Pennypacker related
to a New York Times reporter, after find
ing the missing link in chain of evidence
relating to Mrs. Townsend's undercover
work for the Colonies In moldy tomb
in Brooklyns Fort Greene Park he found
plaque which, he said, gave the missing
facts. Mr.. Pennypacker said that Robert
Townsend, using the name "Culper
Junior" performed many dangerous mis-
sions inside the British lines in New York
and on Long Island. He was proprietor OF
a restaurant frequented by British officers.
Mrs. Townsend helped her husband and
the American cause by keeping her eyes
and ears open not only around the eating
place but at various British social func-
tons. Her husband struggled the informa-
ton across the river to Washingtons
headquarters.
The setup was working to the great
satisfaction of the Americans until Major
John Andre, British spy, was executed by
our troops. The British in retaliation,
rounded up thousands of suspected Amer
lean spies and packed them into prison
ships in Wallabout Bay Mrs. Townsend
was among the captives. Conditions on
the ships were such that twelve thousand
of the prisoners, including the woman spy,
died, according to Mr.. Pennypacker.
Townsend, too, was arrested, but instead
of being put aboard a ship was forced to
wear q British uniform and serve as
doorman at British headquarters. His
body is among the thousands in the Fort
Greene crypt. Forty years ago monument
was erected in memory of the victims.
But there is nothing to let the world know
that General Washingtons woman spy,
who gave her life for her country under
heroic circumstances, rests among the
dead there.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-07-13
Futile Rioht Now
or peace

Except to the extent that it dramatizes
the feelings of several OF the smaller
powers, nothing substantial is likely to
be gained from the Little Assembly's
nineteen to-seven vote in favor of reso-
luton advocating modification OF the Big
Five veto by amending the Charter OF the
United Nations.
Under the resolution, the Little Assembly
which is boycotted by Russia and the
Soviet satellite states-has called upon the
General Assembly to consider" acting on
the matter at its forthcoming session in
Paris. But it is improbable in the extreme
that there will be any real progress toward
amendment.
Thus as set forth in the Charter, the
most that the General Assembly can do
is to vote on the question whether to con-
vene q special revisionist conference. II
two-thirds of the members vote favorably,
and if the project is supported in addition
by any seven members of the Security
Council, then the conference can be held.
However, no amendments approved by 1t
can have any force or effect unless ratified
not merely by two-thirds of the member
ship, but also by all of the Big Five
China, France, Britain, Russia and the
United States
In other words, any one of these five
is empowered by the Charter to veto any
effort to modify the veto. Nor could any
thing seem more certain than the Soviet
Unions resolve to use that power to block
revision. Indeed, though favoring modifi-
cation and though committed to the idea
of vetoless atomic control, even the United
States would oppose any drastic whiting
down of the Big Five's present unique
rights, and the same probably holds true
for China, France and Britain. In short,
given the world as 1t is, none OF the
Security Councils permanent members Is
willing to trim the veto too much.
Accordingly, as far as getting action Is
concerned, the Little Assembly's resolution
seems futile At best, 1t will give the small
powers q chance to air their grievances
against the veto. At worst, If it leads to
the calling of a revisionist conference, 1t
may set off the kind of debate that could
further divide and weaken the United
Nations at time when every effort needs
to be made to unity and strengthen 1t as
much as possible.
Such being the case, it is not surprising
that ten nations, including China, have
abstained from voting on the resolution
and that South Africa, India, Canada,
Norway, France, Britain and the United
States have voted against it. Instead of
bringing the issue to head at this stage,
the wiser course would seem to be to let
it rest until agreement in other fields
creates an atmosphere in which attempts
to curb the veto will have q chance. The
simple fact is that they have no chance
now