davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-06-03
Women's S Hats, $3'5
Were $3.50 to $3.50

IS assorted women's hats in group that In.
cludes changeable and plaid rayon tatfetas, IN
off the face styles; mauve fur felt cloches; and
novelty straws in black, brown, and navy
sailors, brims, and turbans.
GA Felt and Straw Included in the both fur
felt hats in black brown navy royal purple
pink brims, trbans and cloche Styles and novelty
black brown and red brms Bretons sailors ana
half hat styles trimmed with flowers, feathers or
ribbon Were $395 to 1895
group that includes hower bands wool
and Bretons in black and brown, and cotton
corduroy black brown wine and tan Were $2ss
xAI=North auildina . . . MILLINERY. SECOND FLOOR
Evening star., 1948-06-03
Mems Union Suits, $7.5o
We're 1925

$50 mems union suits of cotton, lightweight.
Elastic back and Sanforized Qess than 20 re-
sidual shrinkage) Sizes 80 to As.
Wool Stacks in chalk stripe flannel or hounds tooth
and plaid Sizes 30 to 38 but not every size IN
every pattern Were $3.50 so
w&L-North Building MEMS SHOP. FIRST FLOOR
Evening star., 1948-06-03
Misses Spring Goats
20 We're $39.75 to $49.75

Is misses spring coats in full length style:
Fitted and full backs. Wool suedes, crepes, and
twills. Sizes 10 to 16 in navy and gray.
Is Misses Dressmaker Suits in boxy styles Wool
crepes gabarnes in powder coral and gray Sizes
Is. Were $39.75 to $59.75. Now S22
10 Woens Wool Crepe Suits and black sizes 38
a. Were $25. Now $18
Women's Shorie Coats wool suede in and black.
Sizes 221z 40 and A. Were s3s75
W&L-North Building COATS SUITS SECOND FLOOR ~
Evening star., 1948-06-03
Women's S Red Kid
Sandals, s3.s5 Ke.s s6:9s

10 pairs women's red kid sandals in high and
medium heel styles. Sizes 51a to
w&L-North Building SHOES, SECOND FLOOR
Evening star., 1948-06-03

sWEAR. AiSLES is, Is. FIRST FLOOR
Evening star., 1948-06-03
Misses Dresses, $50
Women's Dresses, $8.''

We're 1895 to $l6.95
IT'S women's rayon dresses of crepe or washable
rayon. Short and long sleeves. Navy and pas
tells and prints. Sizes 161z to 24h, 38 to "A.
rayon print in sizes 1914 to 24z or
pastel 49, A. A. Were $395 to $1695 Now IS
w&L-Norh Building WoMENs DRESSES. THIRD FLOOR
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
An Old Story

State and local legislators are looking for
additional sources of revenue to meet increased
wages of city and county workers, OUTLAWS for
schools, etc. The fair way to raise funds for es-
sential services of government is equitable tax
laws levied against everyone. But there are in
dications. that political expedency may take pre-
cedence over fairness and common sense Some
legislatures have been giving constellation to en-
abling acts which permit municipalities to levy
special taxes. New York State has passed such
an Act and the comment of eastern food re-
taller is significant. He observes that "The En-
aiding Act provides for a number of permissive
taxes municipalities may levy funds to be used
principal ylfor salary increases to teachers and
other city and county employees Among these
was gross receipt business privilege tax.
mo one argues that additional revenue is
not necessary for wage adjustments in the light
of present dayy living costs. The method is re-
scented because it is wrong in principle 1t does
not recognize that food retailing is high volume,
low profit merchandising. -. There is pyramid
ing, the tax is collected at manufacturing whole
sale, and retail levels. 1t fails to take into con-
sideration the fundamental principle namely
taxes should come from profits Whether or not
profit accrues this tax applies to gross receipts
Here again is the old destructive story of class
taxation Chain retail stores have battled it for
years. If it is INDUCED in by lawmakers to a
measurable extent at a time when manufacturers,
producers and distributors are trying to hold
prices down, the results can be tragic for con-
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
Subsidies Not Needed

Last winter there were discOuraglng predlc-
tons by leading government officials that there
would be electric power shortages. Political ag1t
ltion increased for drastic expansion OF Federal
power projects that would cost already over-bur-
dcned taxpayers many billions. However, the
shortages have not materialized and the electric
industry is conducting 6,OO0,OOO,OO0 develop
ment program in line with it's continuous expon-
sion policy Of the last half century, at no cost
to the taxpayers, to extend electric energy to
farms, homes and factories in every corner of the
land 1t is creating tremendous new taxable
sets and productive jobs for private citizens.
The current status of supply and demand in
the electric industry was recently summed up
by c. E. Cakes, president OF the Edison Electric
Institute He pointed out that nationwide sur
vey shows an enormous increase in demaI~, but
an adequate supply for was or peace. Fabrication
and installation of new generating equipment is
advancing rapidly manufacturing facilities
permit. Steam turbine manufacturers are booked
to capacity three years ahead. Generators are
being produced at the rate of 100000 kloWatts
a year for central stations and another 100000
kilowatts for isolated industrial plants. New GUS
toners for electricity are being added at record
pace but experts believe the saturation point is
approaching, since service is now available to ~
per cent OF occupied dwellings. In another three
or four years the latter figure will come close to
100 per cent.
On the subject of power for war Mr.. Cakes
said that. IF / am correctly advised, government
tai authorities at present view the outlook Tor
electric power generality more favorable than
the outlook for other basic elements OF wartime
supply
The plain fact is that while supply of electric
mower over demand will remain narrow until 1881
when the electric indusrys six billion dollar pro-
gram is complete, it will be adequate ana ol
greater Importance, the expansion task Whlch
Che industry is carrying forward demonstrates
that private citizens in this country can still do
things in a big way-without special privileges,
Eederal subsidies, or tax exemptions.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
Supply and Demand Best

Those who wonder why meat prices nave
reached present lexels will find food Tor thougnt
in an editorial by Nelson R. Grow, publlsher OF
the Western Livestock Journal.
"Stockmen generally are taking sober view
of the price situation" he wrote There are lew
who are particularly elated about the relatively
high prices being paid the markets Tor Tat
cattle AID it must be admitted that the cost OF
reinforcement cattle is raher frighenlng.
/ "Acually, sfocknen have little or no voice
in establishing. the prices they receive for their
livestock, nor do they have anything to say about
the retail prices of meat. These prices are es-
tablished by the old laws of supply and demand
AS matter Of fact, retail meat prices are estap-
lished by the consumer, and are based upon the
ability and the willingness of the consumer TO
buy the supply of. meat that is available. Buying
power reflected through high consumer income
as a result Of the successful demands Tor hlsher
and higher wages is at an all-time high"
What is true of stockmen is true all along
the meat processing and distribution line. Inc
hackers for inatsnce do not control prices. Iney
foo are governed by the laws OF supply ana ue-
mand and the profit they earn amounts TO put
fraction OF cent per pound OF the price PAID
for meat by consumers. And the retailer, Ilnahy,
performs the last step in bringing meat the nome
at profit per pound so small as to hardiy allecl
the selling price.
In a competitive economy prices ana supply
find their natural level and profits per oolar
sale after taxes, are always moderate. Meat IS
typical example.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
JJp And Coming

Summaries of the extensive progress by rail-
roads in the Western Midwestern and Southern
sections of the country in modernlzlng thelr
nlants and improving services have been maze
nublic They are based on reports made by the
presidents of 33 Glass railways operating 10
per cent Of the railway mileage in the country
The survey shows that the railroads OF Inc
nation have already authorized or contemplate
expenditures of from two to three billion dollars
For Improvement to meet new demand. An Item
lied list Of tbs orders placed by the railroads Tor
new equipment is staggering in its extent 1t
reads like a government order for supplies IN
the last world war. Included are thousands OF
automobile cars, box cars, hopper cars, retrlg-
orator cars stock cars, passenger cars, and new
sleeping cars; hundreds of diesel units for haul
ing freight and passenger trains, diesel switch
enines and the latest in streamlined trains.
Countless miles of steel rails are being laid.
Hundreds Of research projects are being con-
ducted by the railroads, individually and collect
ivelyy. to improve every phase OF operation.
Communications are the nerve system of rail-
reading the means by which thoughts and plans
for actions are transmitted from the brain to
capable hands Therefore, the railroads are in
Producing radio into train operation in their con-
slant drive for safety and efficiency.
The railroads are going ahead as never be-
fore to Justify the public confidence placed in
them and to do their utmost to see that nowhere
in all the world will there he as good better
railroad service than in the United States.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
DEMOCRACY AND PROGRESS

DEMOCRACY AND PROGRESS
Author: David Mccord Wright
Publisher: The Macmillan Co.,
60 Fifth Ave., New York II
Reviewer: William Henry HUFF
David McCord Wright, Pro-
fessor Of Economics and Lectur-
er in Law at the University OF
Virginia, was born in Savannah,
Georgia, in 1909.
"Of his career, he writes: l
was raised in Savannah and at
tended Savannah public schools.
MY family decided I should be an
architect because Of my model
ling (my hobbies are history,
architecture, clay modelling, and
walking). Graduated from high
school at sixteen and was sent
to The Citadel, the Military Col
lege of South Carolina at Char
lesion, for a year. Then attend
ed the University of Pennsyl-
vania architectural school for
three years in Philadelphia. Be
came greatly interested in social
problems after 1929 and was for
ced by i'll health to stop school
and spend a year on a couch IN
New Mexico. Was then sent to
the University of Virginia and
entered law school. Was Notes
editor of the Law Review and
received lib in 1885.
GAS attorney for the RFC
1896 and 1897, l worked to save
enough money to go the Harvard
Graduate School of Economics,
1937-193S, 193811939. Received
nv M. A. in 1899 and became As
sistant Professor of Economics at
the University Of Virginia where
got my Phi. D. in 1910. DIR.
Wright's dissertation won the
David A. Wells award for the
best one submitted that year.
.s'Dr. Wright was economic con-
sultant Of the N. r. Planning
Board in 1943 and was lecturer
on currency problems at the U.
S. Army School of Military Gov
eminent also at that time. He is
the author of 1.-THE Creation of
Purchasing Power" 1912. and
"The Economics of Disturbance"
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
.arsp'
How;iTcEose<Out
y by GEORGE S. BENSON /
president Of Harding College I
j SeorcY. Arkansas N

|iHEvGOVERNMENTTlos lost ST..
10000 a day while running the
atoms railroads In World War
I, That's not hay tGovernment
perators got rid Of that money
yen though they found it neces.
Rry to jump freight 4 rates ITO
er cent! ~ This sad sexperience
ives you a real-life 9 picture of
that happens in .America under
bvernment management { of an
Adustry. y Every time we try it
} America. the nation as a whole
the losera \
Compare that record with the
abroad homogeneous record in
World War II This time we kept
rivate operation and manage.
bent. = There was no increase in
teight rates, and the railroads
aid 100000 a day to the fed
raj government in taxes. " This
beans that under private man.
cement. our people were ahead
i least $6,O00,0O0 a day. That's
yer two billion dollars year,
jmerica a,NoT LONG AGO q
txcells n railroad unions came
/ y \ out with proposal
hat the government take over
he railroads permanently Sure
y, somebody is terribly misguld'
ID or misinformed If our union
nople will study the records OF
government management IN tins
ind other countries. they will
pake no such demands. Actually.
he railroad unions themselves
you'd be the group to suffer most
iader government management.
! Our workers have a huge stake
b the American way If private
ownership Of industry is worth
aving, then we must do every
hing we can to stave off these
endencies toward socialism and
- =
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
SHINING TRUMPETS

Author: Rudi BIesh
Publisher: AIfrei A. knopf, Inc,
sol Madison Ave., New York
%, NJ Y.
Reviewer: William Henry Huff
We think the real, American
music consists of the Negro Spi-
rituals and the jazz. Both of
the Negro Spiritual and the jazz.
Both Of these are children of the
American Negroes brains. The
spirituals have long since crept
up into the classic class, and the
jazz is on it's way. Another Ne
gro product is the gospel song,
also of Negro origin.
But, here we are concerned
with the jazz. The author of this
book. Here are the African back
grounds, the tentative beginnings
of American art in the Delta
and New Orleans, the garishly
colored heydayy of the true New
Orleans style, and the stories of
great jazz creators from that
day to this. Written by a man
who, loves his subject, who knows
music thoroughly, and who has
studied his scenes and charac-
tiers at first hand, SHINING
. TRUMPETS is a fascinating and
variegated story. Mr.. Blesh does
does not miss any important mu-
steal or sociological implications:
he has produced a book that is
simultaneously a solid, serious
history and a controversial piece
of advocacy.
"Here is a. whole central as
pect of notwithstanding life in
the United States told from the
inside, and with all it's surging
vitality and down-to-
No book like it has appeared be-
FORE"
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
the COMMON DEFENSE
Program for Americanism

Program for Americanism
Alert to the menace of totalitarianism and
determined to defend our country against it four
million members of the American Legion have
launched progrtm for "Revitalizing our Ameri-
Way of Life"
1t IS positive program. 1t stresses pointed
ly and clerly what we believe and the progress
in freedom have made in accordance with
what we believe. 1t describes America as "a coun-
try where individual rights come first" 1t re-
minds us that We enjoy many and precious bless
ings because cur Constitution promises to guard
us and our homes from harm, to protect, our right
to say what VIC thing, to worship in the faith of
our choice to living and, by the power
of the ballot to make the Government itself an
swer to us
1t is program that issues wraning. 1t is
a warning that "there are some among us who
would like to change all that has made us great
and have us live instead under some plan which
promises everything but takes takes all.' It is
a warning that our rights free Americans
rights which do, not exist under communism
in dictator-controll countries"-are in danger
1t is a program for action. Every American
ought to be prepared to tell and ought to be
willing to tell the story of America. Accordingly
from month to month, the American Legion will
mail millions of booklets setting forth some of
the truths on which American success is based"
to millions of American homes To appreciate
America, to know what America has accomplish
ed and is accomplishing and to enable the Amer
lean people to answer the advocates of dictator
ship with facts-this is the purpose Of these
Americanism booklets.
1t is program highly endorsed. By DR.. Daniel
A. Polling President and Editor, "The Christian
Herald" "It will promote the Wel-being of
youth both directly and indirectly. 1t will strike
a blow at juvenile delinquency (so-called) which
more frequently is home and community neglect
It will promote every worthy ideal of freedom,
and it will enrich every freedom Beyond this, it
will help make the world secure Y
BY Francis Cardinal Spellman Archdiocese.
Of New York. "The plans of The American Lee
gion to increase proper appreciation Of our ma
ton and it's fundamental principles is most COM
mandatory 1t matters not where you live. or what
rank of life you hold be you rich or poor, Negro
or White Protestant, ew or Catholic employer
employee, by your works you must prove your
faith in your country and your fellow humans.
By Rabbi William F. Rosenblum, resident, Syn
agogue Council of America; Our American de-
mocracy is making the affirmation of this doc
trne one OF its prior concerns Tor the coming
years
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
MEN WHO CONTROL
OUR UNIVERSITIES

Author: Hubert Park Beck, with
a foreWord by George !, s.
Counts go.
Publisher: Columbia University
Press, 2960 Broadway, New
York 81, NJ Y.
Price: $500
Reviewer: William Henry Huff
'This work is an analysis of
the economic and social status
and affiliations of the 734 men
and women who compose our
governing boards of the 80 lead
ing universities in the United
States.
Among the factors studied
are their occupations, incomes
and salaries, corporation offices
and. directorships particularly
in the 400 largest corporations),
education (including earned and
honorary legrees), famliyy sta
tus, religious and political pre-
ferences, ages, length of board
service, membership in socities
and fraternal organizations civic
activities, contributions to lob
bying organizations, listings in. So
cial registers, and views on GER
tain educatioal ad social issues sa
revealed in an opinion poll. y;
"The life histories of indiv1-
dual trustees are not featured,
the focus being rather on the
characteristics of the present
system. Important contrasts are
emphasized, such as those be
tween state and private uniYer-
sity boards, trustees chosen by
various methods OF appointment,
trustees having served long per-
iods contrasted with those hav-
ing served short periods, young
trustees contrasted- with those of
advanced years, and university
trustees contrasted with founda-
ton trustees, and university
trustees contrasted sawat f nAA-
Gation trustees. and other tFpfs
OF distinguish men. The author
concludes with recommendations
for including representatives Of
labor, agriculture, faculty., and
students on governing boards.
I'm his. foreword gorge S.
states: DIR. Beck's study is the
first really penetrating and
scholarly inquiry in this field.
He has gone far beyond the
work of any other investigator.
MEN WHO CONTROL OUR
UNIVERSITIES is a notable
work which should be studied
and discussed by all who are IN
terested in the course OF higher
education in the United States.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04

Two years ago the Government admnstra-
lion OF the mines granted cents a ton welfare
fund royalty, calculated to yield about $25 OOO-
600 year. In 1947 this raised to 10 cents and
TINS year it was boosted to 20 cents to provide
ABOUT $1O0OOO,OO0 a year. Thus the 194S wage
and royalty hike will tax coal consumers some
$225,0O0,OO year more. 1t should be remembered
that in addition to the welfare fund the miners
also enjoy the protection of the Federal Social
Security Act. This is all done under a phoney
contract which provides that the miners are ex-
pected to work only when willing and able'
Under that wording they can stop at will as they
did during the shutdown of few months ago.
Undoubtedly, the United Mine Workers la
Dor monopoly has done more to raise prices than
any agency except war. When you consider that
coal is Indispensable in the production of steel,
automobiles, electric power, transportation and
most manufactured products, not to mention it's
use as fuel for homes you can what tribute
the consumer is now paying-coal forces every
thing up.
Good wages and working conditions are one
thing. Organized hijacking of the public in the
name of labor gains" is something else.
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
THE DISRUPTION OF
AMERICAN DEMOCRACY

Author: Roy Franklin Nichols
Publisher: The Macmillan Co.,
60 Fifth Ave. New York II
Price: $500
Reviewer: William Henry HUFF
"Roy Franklin Nichols was
born in Newark, New Jersey, IN
1896 and is present Professor
of History at University OF
Pennsylvania He received his
ABB, Am. and Phi. D. from Rut-
gers; Phi. D. from Columbia;
and a Lift. D. from Franklin and
Marshall at Lancaster, Pa. I'M
Among the various offices
Professor Nichols has held are
President Of the Middle States
Council for the Social Studies;
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04

you have the best railroads and
the best service? In America.
Our railroads offer better service
at lower cost than you'll find in
any nation in the world. This is
true even though the pay enve.
lope Of the American railroad
worker is far greater than that
of railroad workers in other ma.
lions. 4 d
Our Ways !; 1T WOULD be much
Pay OF y wiser for our unions
II to call for less gov.
ernmentr strangulation in the
form of taxes, not for more con. !
troll. 7 1t is quite possible for a
slow strangling process to bring
on complete government control
Of railroads. \. We must not per.
NIT that. Our workers must con.
tinue to receive the good wages
and benefits that come from rail- ,
roads controlled by the railroad 1
industry. not by an agency Of the
government. !
Operating expenses Of rail-
roads have scared during the past
30 years. Yet. the railroads I'M
der private ownership have in
creased their efficiency, to serveI
the public better at lower cost
Two things have resulted from
this efficiency: higher wages and
lower costs to the shipping and,
travelling public. Nobody would
expect government managed rail-
reads to do these things. ! And
they wouldn't. G. {
Under government operationi
there is no call for initiative
Competition is not allowed to
play its part in keeping us onl
our toes We have high stand
ards Of living in America simply
because we have freedom to act !
and to look opportunities in the
Chicago world. (Chicago, Ill.) 1918-????, 1948-09-04
Behind The Eight Ball

A basic tenet OF law is that a man is innocent
until proven guilty Unfortunately, public opinion
often condemns without justification and the ac-
cused party must prove himself inocent. Such
has been the position of the steel industry Steel
prices lag Tar behind most commodities, but
steel mas mad an uphill job explaining it's pro-
blem to the public. Newsweek, describing the
situation, says:
iodays big earnings of U. S. Steel are pos
slbe only because its old plants have been writ.
ten OH 10 nominal value of 500 a ton annual
capaclti. To replace that capacity today would
cost $500 ton.
Inc rest Of inc industry is in similar straits.
Un Jones d Laughlin Steel Corporation books
tne investment in steel-producing facilities is
,d at 1894 and employee. But Admiral Ben
Moreel, J. & L. president, believes that to re-
pace them at today's prices would cost between
soU,uOO and $4,000 a worker.
Inc steel companies are behind a bigger
elgnt ball than even many steel excutivs have
tully appreciated AS long as present steel mills,
or, COAL and limestone properties hold out, they
Will continue to report comfortable profits. But
When these nave to be replaced, steel prices must
Jump considerably or the Industry will find itself
deep in the red"