davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-10-09
Reds Block 5endinu
OF Electricity 10 Berlin
Through Soviet Zone
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

BERLIN, Oct. 9.-Enorts to pierce
the Russian blockade by supplying
Western Berlin with power from
plants in the British zone have been
blocked by the Communists, the city
government said today.
The government had proposed
that power to relieve the blockade
strain be piped in from Harbke, on
the British-SoViet zone borders
about 120 miles west of Berlin. It
would have to come over lines ira
versing the Soviet zone, which sur
rounds Berlin.
Negotiations were undertaken with
the Conmunist-controlled German
Economic Commission of the Soviet
zone. Socialist Minister Ernst Reu-
ter, dealing for the city. said the
Communists first employed delaying
tactics. then suddenly broke off ne
gotiations altogether.
Based on Political Grounds.
There was no question of tech
nical difficulties" the minister told
the city council. They refused to
permit delivery of the power supply
on political grounds"
Heavy ground fog stopped the
Anglo-American airlift supplying
Western Berlin for four hours this
morning, but 1t was resumed before
noon.
1t also apparently put stop to
the big-Scale air maneuvers the
Russians have been conducting over
their occupation zone and in the
Allied corridors linking Berlin to
West Germany. This morning they
had posted no advance notices of
such activity.
Rations to Be Increased.
Food rations for residents of the
three western sectors of Berlin will
be increased November l.
Despite the Russian blockade. the
increase was announced last night
by Maj. Gen. E. o. Herbert, British
commandant in Berlin.
The increase of 200 calories a day
will go to all ration card holders in
the American, British and French
sectors. The current basic food ra-
ton in the city is 1871 calories a
day. with heavy workers getting a
higher allotment.
The British announcement said
the increase was decided on after
study OF the performance and po-
tential of the United States British
airlift, which has been supplying
2,5O0,OO0 Berliners since the block
ade went into effect last June.
Evening star., 1948-10-09

" " q UC Jul lIlS Sohsta"siHo Dfo"H'
his flying visit from Paris to Albany
last week.
The social and political strife in
France, which is justly described
as the pivot country of continental
Europe. is no longer a matter for
the exclusive concern of the French
government. 1t is of the greatest
Importance to all the nations which
look with apprehension to the
Kremlin's next move.
Neither heavy support from the
European Recovery Program nor the
elimination of the Communists and
their subversive stooges from the
government has brought any real
improvement in Frances internal
picture.
Strikes Are But Symptom.
The present wave of strikes, which
allegedly is caused by the high cost
OF living in relation to the earning
capacity of industrial workers. Is
only symptom of things to come.
1t is a fact that in France. as in
SfSiS oIA4Cl NIllCI lldS
either completely free economy or
only limited controls, life is not
easy for wage earnsrs in every walk
of life. But the French people place
these conditions-greatly eased by
the munificence of the American
taxpayer-above their own and
Western civilizations security.
Unbiased American observers, who
know France well and have travelled
the length and breadth of the coun-
try, report that unless the French
people become keenly aware Of the
dangers which confront them, they
are likely in the next few months
to have not communism but an
archy.
The lines are being tightly drawn
for major showdown between Gen.
Charles de Gaulle and Maurice
Thorez's Communists. The govern
ment is caught between these two
extremely active elements, which
seek to control the country. Both
Evening star., 1948-10-09

date had more demonstrative AL.
dience at the banquet. A spokes.
man said 637 tickets were issued for
the dinner meeting, but q count
showed the number Of diners was
not quite 500.
Among the Democratic leaders
present was w. Taylor Murphy Of
Warsaw, treasurer of the State
Democratic Committee.
Thomas Odom, jr., of Suffolk.
president of the Young Democratic
Clubs of Virginia, introduced Gov.
Thurmond.
While the States Rights support
ers were cheering Gov. Thurmond,
regular Democrats went ahead with
plans to get out the Virginia vote
for President Truman.
The City Democratic Committee
of Richmond and the Richmond
Young Democratic Club Joined to
open Truman Barkley campaign
headquarters. This is in addition
to the State Central Committees
headquarters, controlled by the
Byrd-Tuck organization although
technically committed to the reg
ular ticket, the State Office staff has
done nothing so far to push 1t.
The anti-Byrd Democratic fac
tion headed by Martin A. Hutchin-
son, Richmond lawyer, was to meet
here today in the interest of Presi-
Gent Truman's reelection. This
group includes Francis Pickins
Miller of Charlottesville, a 1949 cam
didate for Governor, and Dele
gate Robert Whitehead Of Nelson
County.
The Republican Party, obviously
pleased at the Democratic cross
currents, went about the job Of
getting votes for Gov. Dewey and
Gov. Warren. Officials at its head
quarters were confident that the
Democratic split would assure the
Republican ticket victory in No
yember,
Evening star., 1948-10-09
This Changing World
Social and Political Strife in France
Seen Portending New Moves by Kremlin

extremist parties have their own
private armies, but the Communists
are reported to be better armed and
more numerous.
The present makeshift admins
tration which took the helm four
weeks ago is still in power, prin-
cipally because the National Assem-
bly, has adjourned. Otherwise, it is
safe TO say, the Queuille govern
ment would already have been
overthrown.
Although the Communist Party
as such. has lost some of the power
it had in the days Immediately after
liberia ton, the rank and file oi
Frenchmen, looking back to the
old easy way of life which existed
up to the start of World War II
are disconnected and dissatisfied.
Two Extremist Views.
At present their concern is the
danger Of aggression from the East
But, strange as it seems, there are
great sections of the population
which believe this can be averted
by establishing a Communist gov
ernment. which would have favor
in the Kremlin.
The followers of Gen. Charles de
Gaulle, whose numbers are smaller
than appears on the surface, are
aiming at a great France" as it
used to be in the days before Worlo
War and seem determined to take
up arms If any attempt is made in
any quarter to turn the country in
to satellite of Russia.
Gen. de Gaulle also knows that
eventually, if America pulls out OF
Europe because of Frances defec-
ton, Moscow will turn to Germany
united and willing to serve Rus
sia, as the foremost tool in Europe
rather than his country.
Caught between these two eX-
tremist views the French people are
wondering what will happen to
them next and many. who do not
subscribe to the Communist philoso-
ply, are reported to be willing to
follow M. Thorez's pro-Soviet peace
party" rather than Gen. de Gaulle's
allegedly pro-American "warmon-
gering" group. This, in the opin-
ion Of American observers, is bound
to bring clash, which may result
in anarchy.
These reports certainly will affect
our strategic thinking. The French
general staff is clamoring for Amer
ican war materials to make a real
combat force of the mass of French
manpower. But even if Congress
should be summoned to a special
session after the election to appro-
pirate the necessary funds, many
military men fear that to give the
French tanks and planes under
present conditions would mean
handing them directly over to the
Russians
Evening star., 1948-10-09
Dr.. Reissig to Address
Interchurch Fellowship

DR.. Frederick Reissig, executive
secretary Of the Washington Fed
Grafton of Church. who has just re-
turned from the World Ecumenical
Congress at Amsterdam, will address
the Interchurch Fellowship at the
First Congregational Church, Tenth
and G streets NV, at 4 pm. to-
morrow.
The Interchurch Fellowship, an
interracial and interfaith organiza-
ton, is inaugurating its fifth year.
Evening star., 1948-10-09
By jones Y. Newton
Stor StoH Correspondent

CINCINNATI, Oct. 9.-Interviews
with more than score of delegates
to the United Mine Workers Con-
vention indicated today that most Of
the coal miners will vote for Pres
ident Truman despite the bitter
personal attacks made on him by
John L. Lewis.
Nearly all of the men here as
delegates are either in the employ
of the union or are tied closely to
the leadership of the UNIV. Never
theleSs, many of them said they are
not in accord with Mr.. Lewis polit-
icl thinking. And nearly all of the
delegates questioned believed that
an even larger percentage of the
rank-and-file at home disagree with
their chief. In union affairs and
contract battles. they support Mr..
Lewis almost 100 per cent, but not
in politics.
The convention yesterday voted
what may be construed as an in
direct or watered-down Endorsement
OF Gov. Dewey. But it Is significant
that no speaker, not even Mr.. Lewis,
has mentioned the Republican can
didate by name. 1t is also held
significant that no speaker, at leasy
so far, has joined in the Lewis
excoriation Of Mr.. Truman.
Two Speak Against Resolution.
The UNIV political action resolu-
ton attacked the President as an
enemy of the union. 1t had this to
say about Gov. Dewey:
"As to the other major party
candidate for President of the
United States, we can only say that,
to our knowledge. he has never
uttered any statements that reflect
upon the integrity or the objectives
Of the United Mine Workers OF
America, or its officers or members. ;"
Even so weak a political plank
drew scattered opposition when it
came to vote and two delegates
arose to speak against it. One said
the miners should support the
President over Gov. Dewey because
he is the lesser of two evils"
Evening star., 1948-10-09
Taylor Speaking 9 Times
In Baltimore Today
BY the As.oeiotsd Press

BALTIMORE, Oct. 9.-Senator
Taylor, Democrat. of Idaho. Progress
sive candidate for Vice President,
will make nine speeches in Baltimore
during five-hour visit today.
Senator Taylor is due in Baltimore
shorty before noon A cavalcade of
automobiles and several sound trucks
will escort him to various parts of
the city for brief open air speaking
engagements. He will leave the city
about 4::30 pm.
Evening star., 1948-10-09
Thurmond Receives
Implied Blessings Of
Byrd and Gov. luck
By John V. Horner
Sfor Sfoff CORRESPONDENT

RICHMOND, Va. Oct. e.-The
States Rights movement today had
the implied blessing Of the Demo
cratic organization headed by Sen
ator Byrd and Gov. Tuck.
Gov. Tuck almost-but not quite
Endorsed it yesterday in warm well
come to Gov. Thurmond of South
Carolina, the States Rights nominee
for President. After hailing the
candidate for "espousing the funda-
mental principles of democracy" he
told newspapermen they could con-
strue his statement as they pleased
Significance also was attached to
the presence of Mrs. Harry Flood
Byrd of Winchester, the Senator S
wife, at a banquet honoring Gov.
Thurmond last night. She applaud
ed the candidates denunciation OF
President Truman, Gov. Dewey and
Henry A. Wallace for their views on
civil rights legislation.
Plans to See Game.
Gov. Thurmond planned speeches
today In Norfolk and williamsburg
and expected to attend the William
and Mary-V. M. I. football game at
Norfolk. He will be in South Caro-
lima tomorrow for a church meeting
and will return to Virginia Monday
for his final engagement, an address
at Lynchburg.
Arriving from Charlottesville yes
terday, Gov. Thurmond was honor
guest at a small private luncheon
and delivered two campaign talks
In both he described the civil rights
programs advocated by regular
Democrats, Republicans and Pro.
gresives as unconstitutional and un-
American.
Gov. Tuck extended the welcome
at the Atlantic Rural Exposition
where Gov. Thurmond spoke before
500 persons, while thousands milled
through midway behind the
grandstand. His supporters were
frankly disappointed.
What transpired at the fair
grounds illustrated the difficulties
the Thurmond campaign Is facing
All afternoon, a sound truck an
nouncer informed the exposition
crowd that the candidate would
speak at the grandstand at 4:30 pm.
and that admission would be free.
Meanwhile some 1900 persons paid
for the privilege of watching a
vaudeville show at the same point,
Immediately before the political
program.
Wait for Acts to End.
Gov. Tuck and Gov. Thurmond
arrived early and waited Is minutes
while a clown finished a drunkard
act and an aerialist trio thrilled the
spectators. The announcer then
urged the crowd to remain for the
Thurmond talk.
More than 1000 Immediately left
the stands for the midway. Others
drifted out from time to time. Some,
however, were parents with young
children.
Those who stayed applauded Gov.
Thurmond's remarks as if they
meant to vote for him. The candi-
Evening star., 1948-10-09
Bowman Named to Fill
Boy Commission Post
BY the Assoeiofed Press

BALTIMORE. Oct. 9.-Gov. Lane
yesterday named DR.. Isaiah Bow
man, president of Johns Hopkins
University, to fill the vacancy on
the Virginia Maryland Commis.
sion on the Chesapeake Bay.
The vacancy was created by the
death Of Robert H. Archer of Bel
Air, who was chairman of the
Maryland delegation on the COM
mission. Gov. Lane said he would
ask Fred w. C. Webb of Salisbury
to take over as section chairman.
The bi-State commission tries to
adjust differences between Maryland
and Virginia on conservation Of
fisheries resources in the bay.
Evening star., 1948-10-09

Mr.. Mcdowell asking him to appea,
before the grand jury and give any
evidence he had to back UP the
charges against the Federal attor.
neys. Mr.. McGohey said he denied
the charges "categorically."
Meanwhile, Federal Judge Murray
Hubert yesterday reserved decision
on motions by attorneys for the Il
Communists to quash the indict-
mentS.
Evening star., 1948-10-09
Interviews Indicate UMWVote
To Be Trunon's Despite Lewis

In following speech Mr.. Lewis
tried to make the point that Presi-
dent Truman, in ordering prosecu-
ton of him and the UNIV for ig-
noring antistrike injunctions was
really prosecuting the union men,
bers. Finally he said:
We'll, l am not arguing Truman
today. Anybody that likes Truman
can like him. Under the laws of
this organiZati ton a man can vote as
he pleases when he goes to the bal
lot box. Personally l think he
should vote to take care of his wife
and children. That is the way
think he should vote. I don't know
what Truman would have to do to
make somebody mad"
Attack Is Moderated.
Mr.. Lewis was not nearly so bitter
in his attack on the President as he
was in the speech Tuesday opening
the convention.
At another point he shouted:
IF there Is any man In this con-
vention or any man in this organi-
zation that wants to trade me of for
a Truman, let him trade and be
damned to him"
Mr.. Lewis has left no doubt as to
how he stands personally in the
presidential race or how he would
like the miners to vote. However,
he has steered away from telling the
miners to vote for Gov. Dewey.
The opinion most widely expressed
here is that he has operated in that
way because he wanted to avoid a
hot floor battle that certainly would
result from introduction of strong
pro-Dewey resolution.
Then, too, a strong Endorsement
Of Gov. Dewey might prove embar-
RAISING to Mr.. Lewis If the Repub-
hcans are in power and trouble
breaks out between the union and
mine owners next year. Mr.. Dewey
as President might smack down the
UNIV leader as hard or harder than
the President has the last two years.
The political resolution contained
a clause stating that November 2,
election day, will be a holiday in
the coallelds and that only main
tenance men will work that day.
Evening star., 1948-10-09
Siam Boosts lumpposts

Siam claims to have the most
elegant lampposts in the world
newest feature of Bangkok's mod
ernization program. They line q
wide, new boulevard and the light
is held up by a sculpted Siamese
courtier in Oriental court dress
bowling forward from his pedestal
which forms the lamppost itself.
Evening star., 1948-10-09

its basic parts, is to be transferred
into a slick and shining apparatus
that we will hardly recognize.
Some Of us, who have watched
the Government operate through a
long parade of Presidents and have
read little American history, have
our doubts. No administration
since the republic was founded has
been efficient in the sense sug-
gested-the doing with neatness
and dispatch of all the things a
democratic government should do
Rather our Government always has
been a confusion Of conflicting pur-
poses and personalities-just like
our society itself. Even the great
efficiency engineer, Herbert Hoover,
when President, didn't make any
thing else out of it.
Can't Change That.
One important reason for this is
that our Government is composed
Of three parts-legislative, execu-
tive and judicial The efficient Mr..
Dewey can't change that, although
there will be times, if he is elected,
when he may wish he could. In
matters most vital to the people. he
will find that more often than
otherwise the President does not
have the last word. Even his veto
power is limited, while that of
Congress is almost absolute
So efficiency isn't sufficient to
make great President. Something
more is needed. something that is
summed up perhaps in the word
character" Our very first Presi-
dent had it and he was a great
President, although I don't remem-
Der ever reading that Washington
was efficient Abraham Lincoln
mad it, yet it is quite generally
agreed that he was not efficient" ="
Franklin D. Roosevelt had it and
well, it is the consequences of his
inefficiency" that Mr.. Dewey pro-
poses to clean up.
A great President must have in
tuitive wisdom and courage. Given
time. the people seem to sense these
qualities in a leader and then to
give him the support that enables
MIN to do great things in their
behalf. Among other things it en-
ables a President to override the
individual interests OF individual
Congressman and obtain action in
the national interest.
Demonstrated Courage.
Gov. Dewey has not yet demon
strated that he has either of the
qualities named. President Truman,
particularly in the past year, has
revealed that, at least, he has cour-
age. He has faced up to the issues
that affect the people most directly.
He has fought Congress in their be-
half, but unsuccessfully. since he
has thus far failed to win the sup
port he must have in order to win.
For his part. Gov Dewey pro-
, poses to avoid battle with Congress.
He proposes to get along with it and
put an end to the "wrangling" in
Washington. That is no trick what
ever. 1t doesn't even require ef-
> ficiency. We had that kind of
unity" during most Of the Harding
Coolidge Hoover period. And we
nave now, in one branch of Cong
ress, as efficient a machine as Gov
; Dewey could desire, if he doesn't
care what the machine turns out.
Evening star., 1948-10-09
On the Other Hand
Much Talk About Efficiency in
Government Does It Mean?

1t will be available for Gov. Dewey's
use-available on Speaker Martins
terms.
No, efficiency is not enough. It
isn't enough even to know what is
right and what is wrong. The ef-
ficient Mr.. Hoover. for instance, un-
derstood the dangerous implications
OF the Smoot- -Hawley tariff, but he
didn't have what it takes to pre-
vent such legislation and he signed
1t without a whimper. Maybe that
makes clear what I'm trying to say.
Evening star., 1948-10-09
McDoweII's Telegram
Denies Statement on
Indictment Of Reds
BY the Assoeiofsd Press

NEW YORK, Oct. 9.-Repre-
sentative Mcdowell, Republican
lof Pennsylvania denies he told
reporters that indictments of Il
Communist leaders were de
liberately" drawn so they would
not stick.
Mr.. Mcdowell made the denial in
telegram yesterday to United
States Attorney John F. x. Nc
Gohey, who three times has asked
Mr.. Mcdowell to come here and tes-
tify before grand jury to back UP
his reported statement. Mr.. McDow-
ell has agreed to appear Monday.
As a result Of the telegram, Mr.
McGohey wired the House member
that 1T will not be necessary for
you to appear"
Mr.. Mcdowell, member of the
House Un-American Activities Com
mittee, said in his telegram to Mr.
McGohey that Il said no such ridic-
ulous things and no reporter on
earth can testify that I did"
Statement Was Typed.
Mr.. Mcdowell held a news con-
ference in Washington September
% with representatives of press as
sociations and other reporters pres
ent.
He gave the reporters a typed
statement which said in part:
I have knowledge of the fact that
the indictments of IL prominent
Communists in New York were
drawn in such an unusual legal fash
Ion that competent constitutional
lawyers who have examined the in.
dlctments are of the opinion tina,
the IL indicted persons are not only
practically certain of not being pun.
ished for their crimes against the
American people, but that future
decisions on this matter may endan.
ger the entire security of the Natior
by destroying some of the necessary
laws it now has"
Questioned About Statement.
Mr. Mcdowell then was questioned
about the statement. The Associ.
ated Press quoted him as saying thai
the indictments were window dress
ing and that the Justice Depart.
ment brought the charges 'in such
a way that they won't stick"
He also was quoted as saying: "It
wasn't ineptness. 1t was done delib.
erately."
The next day Mr.. McGohey wirec
Evening star., 1948-10-09
Coming With Christ
Topic of Dr.. Harris

DR.. Frederick Brown Harris. pas
tor of Foundry Methodist Church
breaches at II am. on Coming
With Christ" and at 8 pm. on
"Life's Luggage"
At a dinner meeting of the mems
club Wednesday at 6:l5 pm. DR.
Frederick E. Reissig, executive Sec
retary Of the Washington Federation
OF Churches, who has returned from
the church conference at Amster-
dam, will speak.
Evening star., 1948-10-09

palgn, popping
up in virtually
all speeches and
p u blic state
ments. The i'm
preston offered
is that once the
New York gov
ernor Is at the
controls things
are going to be
brisk and bus
ineSS Iii ke in
Washington; the
rumbling ol d
government ma
chine, more than
dEA Hna 1lA La
Evening star., 1948-10-09

IN all likelihood,
draw the Chief
Executives at
tention to the
present alarming
domestic Situa-
ton in France.
John Foster
D ull eS, Gov.
Dewey's personal
representative at
the U. N. meet
ing in P aris,
C o n t e rred at
length with the
R e pu bile a n
presidential can
/ i
Evening star., 1948-10-09
Honolulu Bus Strike Ends

HONOLULU, Oct. (P.-A month
long strike which had tied up bus
service in Honolulu was settled yes
terday. The union accepted a Scent
hourly wage increase for drivers and
q scent boost for shop workers. 1t
originally asked for IS cents.
Evening star., 1948-10-09
By LoweH MeUen

Much is being made of the word
efficiency" in the Dewey quest for
the presidency. 1t has become the
catch-word of the Republican cam
Evening star., 1948-10-09
Bv Constantine Br0yn

When Secretary of State Marshall
makes his report to President Tru-
man on the United Nations General
Assembly meeting in Paris he will,