davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-06-09
Newfoundland PIebiscite

The Oldest overseas member OF the
British Commonwealth has just been con-
sidering its future by popular vote And
the result of this plebiscite is indecisive.
The reason is that the voters had three
choices, with the proviso that If any one
of them did not gain majority, second
run-off poll would be required to decide
between the two choices which were most
favored Before enumerating the issues, 1t
NAV be we'll to summarize the background
against which they should be placed.
Newfoundland was discovered by the
English explorer John Cabot in 1897, only
five years after Columbus revealed the
New World Despite more than four CEN
turies of British settlement Newfoundland
has not had a fortunate history. A bleak
climate and an infertile soil have retarded
the development of this large island, about
the size of the State of Virginia but with
only a tri1e more than 100000 inhabitants.
It's only city is ST. Johns, the capital and
metropolis. The rest of its people are
scattered in coastal fishing villages or IN
numbering settlements. Most of the in
terror is swamp or sub-Arctic barrens.
Despite natural handicaps, the New
foundlanders are a proud people. When
their Canadian neighbors federated about
half q century ago, Newfoundland pre-
ferred to go it alone. But times were hard,
and in the world depression of the 1930s,
the country went virtually bankrupt. 1t
was rescued from insolvency by London,
but at the price of Commission Govern
ment in place of its former Dominion
status. This benevolent receivership has
always irked the NewfoundlanderS. Fur
thermore, World War II brought measure
of prosperity, not only from foreign de-
mand for its products but also through
the establishment of United States air
and naval bases.
However it was doubtful whether this
wartime prosperity would be permanent,
so the idea of federation with Canada was
revived and negotiations were conducted
as to the terms on which union could be
effected. A further complication arose
through movement for closer economic
ties with the United States, presupposing
a return to full self-government and
Dominion status.
The upshot was that three choices were
offered the voters: Federation with
Canada resumption of Dominion status,
and continuance of Commission rule.
Although scattered returns from remote
districts are still lacking, it is obvious that
federation and Dominion status are run
ming virtually neck -and-neck and account
for most of the votes. This rules out re-
tention of Commission Government, so the
voters will again decide between the two
most favored alternatives. This run-off
election will probably not take place until
late summer since so large a segment of
the population is absent from home for
the fishing season.
Federation with Canada would involve
the continuance of the United States
leases on strategic bases 1t would also
mean important shifts in Newfoundland's
Evening star., 1948-06-09
Cocoon

Sleep peH small baHerina In the Jade
And gold trimmed casket OF your tran
sient dream. .-
Hammock In brief sobriety of shade
Are iDraith and substance of recurring
theme &
Your hour ,DiH come to futter on the leaf
Like some bright pertinent star upon
the bole,
And proue the darker ornament OF grtet
No more than backdrop to your Auely
role
What saboteur of faith Dould dare to
storm
This thimbleful OF summer threaded
high
Upon the bough? While deep toithi,, and
warm
Life taps hidden challenge to descry
The greater impulse Daittno to be ,con
And uhtrl before nsiHenniumS OF sun.
RUBY ALTIZER ROBERTS.
Evening star., 1948-06-09
BY THE HAsKINs SERVICE.


Q. What was the wording of the code
message sent by the Allied Command at the
time of the invasion of Europe during World
War II2-A. E. G.
A. The War Department says that Overload
was the name given to the plan of the invasion
and the code message that impemented the
invasion was Halcyon. The Navy message was
open on one carry out operation Neptune
serial -"
+, @, How many languages must a person know
IN order to be understood anywhere In the
worldly. e. r.
A. 1t is estimated that II q person knows
seven Languages, five of them Indo- European,
ne can be understood In any good -sized town in
the world. II he knows 10, he should be under.
stood everywhere but in the remotest villages
The great languages of the world today include
English, Spanish, Chinese, Russian, Hindu
stani, French and Arabic.
@. What determines the normal weight of .
person?-I. NJ
A. Normal weight is the mean or average
weight for age, sex and height of presumably
healthy individuals A variation of 10 per cent
in either direction is allowable.
@. What kind Of fur is mouton?-R E. T.
A. This fur is either sheep or lamb The
skins are trimmed, tanned, plasticized, dyed
and finished. Most mouton coats are dark
OAoWA III 'Soiol W SlIlluldG6 beaver or nurtla
but other colors are being produced in limited
numbers.
O. Which are the healthiest peoples in the
world?-L. w.
A. According to some authorities the health-
lest nations are Denmark Norway. Sweden, the
Netherlands, New Zealand and Australia,
g. What Is the most satisfactory type OF
evergreen to use as Christmas tree?-B, O. B,
A. The New York State School Of Forestry
reports that balsam is favorite tree for this
purpose because it does not shed Its leaves
quickly. The same Is true Of Douglas fir and
pine. Spruce will retain its leaves If placed
IN container Of water, moist earth or peat
moss. Spraying solution of waterglass on the
Christmas tree not only retards the shedding
OF leaves, but gives it sheen and renders it
freproof.
Q. Why did some Of the old churches have
special entrances for the devil?-W S.
A. Church builders of the Middle Ages often
provided such entrances to appease the devil
who might be angered and hamper the con-
struction of the building
O. What is considered to be the best type
OF Oriental rug?-B. D.
A. AS class, Persian rugs are probably the
finest. There are nearly 20 varieties of this
class. Persia, because Of the artistic beauty
ol ltS rugs and tnelr superior workmanship,
attained fame as the real home Of the Oriental
rug as early as the 18th century
O. What Is the derivation OF the word
"inf1uenza"?-W. L. L.
A. Influenza is an Italian word, its origin
going back to the 18th century when certain
diseases could only be explained as resulting
from the influence Of heavenly bodies Soon
the common people spoke Of una influenza di
freddo,' or an influence of cold.
Evening star., 1948-06-09
Jewish Extremists Criticized

To the Editor Of The Star:
The events of the past few weeks prove that
'it can happen here" We have seen mi
nority endanger our foreign relations and force
our Chief Executive into an indefensible po-
sition before the courts of world opinion.
Communists accuse the United States of using
dollars to subjugate peoples as we accuse
Russia Of using her soldiers. Congressional
spokesmen are implementing this accusation
by publicly threatening to withdraw aid to
Great Britain unless her foreign policy is
changed to accord with the American line"
which patiently is dictated by internal po-
litical strategy. At the same time our states
men are pointing out the injustice of the DOM
nation by communistic minorities in Eastern
Europe where the United States has called 10
Evening star., 1948-06-09
Stars, Men and Atoms
Way to Avoid Being Fot:. |
Eot Only When Hungry
Causes of Overweight Have Little
To Do With 1t, Army Doctors Told
By Thomas r, Henry

There Is only one way to get fat,-overeatinr.
There is only one way to get thin-lese
eating.
In humans disordered glands, heredity and a
half dozen other alleged causes of overweight
really have very little to do with it, Dr. Lewis
H. Newburgh Of the University Of Michigan
told officers Of the Army Medical Corps here
the other day.
It all comes down to a question of appetits
which Is very different thing from hunger
Dr. Newburgh told the Army doctors. If
people ate only when hungry nobody would
get fat.
Strictly Sensation.
Appetite DR.. Newburgh said els, strictly
speaking, sensation produced by happy
memories. Desire for food may be an express
sion OF real hunger but 1t Is more generally
response to habit or to the anticipation of
pleasure. Fright, fear. sorrow, illness and
displeasing sights and smells depress or even
abolish it. 1t is stimulated by foods that give
on pleasant odors or that stimulate the eye or
palate. Happy memories and good compan-
ionship are conducive to overeating"
Obesity" he added, never Is produced or
increased by diminished activity of an en-
docrine gland. No internal secretion Is capable
OF 50 changing the metabolism that the total
amount OF fat in the body will increase unless
the inflow OF calories Is greater than the
outflow"
1t long has been recognized, he said, that
women crossing middle age tend to get fat
and they often are assured that this is due to
sex gland changes accompanying the memo
pause. But, he stressed no such relation can
be demonstrated. This is the stage of life
when women tend to become less active ana
fashion no longer dictates q slim figure, So
women overindulge, especially with candy, be-
cause OF the convenient fiction which puts
the blame for their increasing waistlines
on their sex glands rather than their own
gluttony.
food Drunk4"
Then there are the food dr7lnks These Or.
Newburgh described as persons who are
struggling with q problem-sexual social or
f1nancial-for which they can find no solution.
But they have discovered that they can obtain
temporary solace by eating For them food
acts as alcohol does for others who find life
too hard. We have seen many obese patients
who, either deliberately or without being aware
OF the situation, have turned to food as q
means OF relieving pent-up emotions"
Weight Of course, can be reduced by exercise
but. DR.. Newburgh said, one must walk briskly
about 36 miles to get rid of pound Of fat
1t is easier and cheaper to cut down on
calores.
Evening star., 1948-06-09
Russiu and Czech Uranium

IL has long been an open secret that
the Russians are sparing no effort to ex
plot the historic Jachymov uranium mines
in Czechoslovakia. An iron curtain has
been clamped down on the operation, but
reports of the most reliable character
leave little room for doubt that these great
deposits-source of the first radium pro-
duced by the Curies in 1s98-are being
worked on now exclusively for the purpose
of helping the Soviet Union catch up with
us in the field of atomic energy.
Though specific details are lacking, it
has been stated authoritatively that the
Russians are working the mines on an
around-the-cl basis. Their labor supply
apparently has come largely from Germans
recruited in the Soviet zone of occupation
Germans who have been either forced
into the job or won over by special induce
ments. No output estimates have been
made, but the deposits the
richest of their kind in Europe-almost
certainly are being exploited for the great
est possible yield of uranium ore, the raw
material for atomic fission.
Moreover, according to a report Just
sent from Paris to the New York Herald
Tribune, the Russians are doing all this
on the basis of q secret treaty signed in
Prague in 1945. The source OF the report
is DR.. Ivo Duchacek, chairman OF the
Foreign Relations Committee of Czecho-
slovakia's Parliament up to the time of
the Communist coup last February DR..
Duchacek, now a refugee In France, Is
quoted as saying that he frst learned OF
the treaty in 1946, that it was pushed
through by the conspiratorial F1erlinger-
Gottwald Red clique, and that 1t places
the Kremlin in complete possession and
absolute control Of the mines. In other
words, without receiving anything in
return, the Czechs apparently have handed
over to the Soviet Union what is perhaps
their most important single natural re-
source.
DR.. Duchacek's story, though undocu-
mented, is supported by a statement made
earlier this year by DR.. Jan .Fapanek,
Czech delegate to the United Nations until
the February Communist COUP Shortly
after the coup, DR.. Papanek denounced the
Gottwald regime before the Security Coun-
Gil and charged that the Russians had
taken over the Jachymov deposits in a
deal" under which mo Czechoslovak
authority has been allowed to enter the
mines or to receive any information con-
corning them Secret treaty or not, there
thus seems to be ample reason to believe
that the Soviet Union, for all practical
purposes, can do anything it wishes with
Czech uranium.
OF course, it is one thing to have a good
uranium supply and another thing to re-
fine and process it into nuclear energy
and A-weapons. The Russians may still
have long way to 60 before they catch
up with us or even approach us in that
sense. But we cannot be sure about the
time element, and we ought not to under
estimate their capacity to do the job fairly
fast. At any rate, the latest reports on
their activities at the Jachymov mines
serve as SOLDERING reminder that they
are not being the least bit sluggish about
the atom.
Evening star., 1948-06-09

economic life, since the island would come
within the Canadian tariff wall. It Is the
hope Of Dominion advocates that closer
economic relations with the United States
would bring in much Of our capital for
the development Of Newfoundland's
natural resources, especially the rich IRON
ore deposits recently discovered in its
dependency OF Labrador.
Evening star., 1948-06-09

vociferously for plebiscites. But no plebiscite
has been demanded for Palestine!
Even had the Arabs consented to partition
there would still have been war. The Jewish
extremists have coveted the whole Of Pales-
tine, Trans-Jordan as well, and sooner or
later would have attempted to take over ad-
ditional Arab territory, involving the whole
world in order to satisfy their ambitions and
resentments
The proper solution is to permit the Semitic
world to settle the question in their own way.
The Jewish Agency announced weeks ago that
1t wanted to settle the matter In battle. King
Abdullah of Trans-Jordan should be set up as
ruler over Palestine, which should be joined
to Trans-Jordan, with the backing Of the
other Semitic states. Jews should be permitted
to have equal rights with the other inhabitants
OF the country, on cantonal system, as in
Switzerland. Territory as small as Maryland
is too tiny to satisfy the ambitions Of two peo-
pies.
Great Britain has had immeasurably more
experience as a colonizer than the United
States, and has been extraordinarily success
full. Had her mandate in Palestine been re-
spected by the United States and given support,
the question would have been solved by this
time without bloodshed
designate themselves as "Zionists," thus diff
ferentiating themselves from the moderate and
religious Jews who deplore their excesses and
political ambitions. LYLE TERHUNE.
OF Russia, Mr.. Wallace and Corn
To the Editor Of The Star:
I suppose one ought not decry so neatly
turned an editorial as the one in The Star
under the above heading but to let it 60
unchallenged would tend to perpetuate an
idea that is all too prevalent today-that
Henry Wallace had q major part or indeed
any part in the origination Of hybrid corn.
He would be among the first to deny such
credit since he has been q force in seeing that
the credit goes where 1t really is due-that is
to DR.. George Harrison Shull recently retired
from the faculty Of Princeton University, who
did the original research and established the
underlying principles upon which hybrid corn
Is based.
Mr.. Wallace saw the practical possibilities
OF the discovery and was among the first to
act upon them and set up means Of seed
production for his neighboring corn growers,
a great service indeed; but he was not the
originator Of hybrid corn by any means
J. MARION SKULL.
Evening star., 1948-06-09
Law Against Tossing Cigarettes

To the Editor Of The STAR
Lately I have noticed a particular habit of
cigarettes smokers, that Of thoughtlessly toss
ing lighted cigarets from automobiles ss they
ride along the roads and streets. Some do like
wise as they board streetcars and buses. There
is no question but that this habit constitutes a
menace to lives and property.
Isn't there some law prohibiting this prac-
tice? II there isn't, why isn't there one, and If
there is, why isn't 1t enforced7
ROBERT EMMETT BURKE.
Evening star., 1948-06-09

victim" It would be logical to assume
that Colonel Tassoyev would not have
been carried back 50 graciously to his
superiors If he had been abused or had
been permitted to learn any official secrets
while In England.
Evening star., 1948-06-09
y = Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
uriter, although it Is permissible for
Driter kno,Dn to The Star to use
nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1948-06-09

Tornadoes and floods may he natures
drastic way of winding up the spring dis
cussion whether the sofa would look better
somewhere else. ~. .--.,
Evening star., 1948-06-09

A tentative finding that fog may be dis
PEELED by the use of noise runs counter to
experience with Legislatures since the be-
ginning OF time.
Evening star., 1948-06-09
Questions and Answers

reader can get the answer to any question OF .
Iaet n., by Writing The Evening Star Information
Please inclose three (3) cents for return postage
, 1948-10-29
Beayside Discushun


q LUX in dab street by dab victoria
hotel an sic how dey embellishin
de carnah dem? Dey gat a whoal
croud ali sine-boad tellin yuh.
media til tun rite, lief, bakwud,
nah farWud-wedda wi Deb pan
Tantu Bee: Buh all doan tink
hass, beel ore bicikkle.
dey dun yet. All heer dey is tn
pin arm ali ledgen an arl de sine
dem fuh peepul tn andastan wey
de meen. How dey gat it hung, nat
evun ah Callige prufessa will be
abul tn tel de meenin. Wei, sub.
much fun da. Mic amt gwine bad
da mic self an get riggarmartis.
, 1948-10-29


ST. cRoK CIVIC ASSOCIATION
christiansted, Virgin Islands
October Is, 1913
Dear Voter:
This is a direct personal appeal to you from a group of CT
vic-minded individuals who comprise the membership of the
ST. CROX CIVIC ASSOCIATION. We have endeavored to
contact you via public appearances, we will continue to con-
duct our lectures, but in order to be certain that we reach all
those who have been and are privileged to exercise the fran
chise, we have decided to send you this letter.
Here is our platform:
l. Stabilized Agricultural Program.
2 Unemployment Relief
3 Development of Water Supply System
A. Improved Recreational Facilities
I. Electrification Improvements
{. Institutional Adjustments
Here are the candidates who will work for this platform,
the interest of the general public, and for whom we are asking
you to vote.
ALPEoNso S. FORBES
FRANK ELMoRE JACOBS
For Christiansted Town & Suburbs
ERIC H. CARROLL
For Member-atLarge
Our candidates are also determined on relieving the COM
|munity of certain oppressive legislation. We are confident that
as a team We can better accomplish the planks Of our platform
and ether matter affecting the public interest.
We are aware of the fact that you have been exposed to
all issues in this present campaign. We are asking you to con-
slider everything very carefully, and we remain confident that
you will make your selections in our favor.
Anticipating a STRAIGHT TICKET for the above candi-
dates, we are,
Fraternally yours,
ST. CRON CIVIC ASSOCIATION
ST THOMAS Dr.. MOORrEAD
, 1948-10-29
The Virgin Islunds
Sport Shop
..s.ooo.-.

East Of Grand Hotel SIT
St. Thomas. Virgin islands
DEALERS IN ATHLETIC J.
SPORTING EQUIPMENT
Relax The Healthful Way
The Man Who Is Wise
Win Exercise
Prompt 8 Courteous Service
Quality
ECONOMY
Satisfaction
r. G. Box n
, 1948-10-29

made by Alwyn Richards.
These were used successfully
at a public meeting in Cruz
Bay, st. John on Monday af-
ternoon. Mr.. de Castro presi-
ded.
, 1948-10-29
Dr.. MooRHEAD...

weeks.
DR.. Roy A. Anduze will be
in charge Of the Department
Of Health as Acting Commits
sioner for the Virgin Islands
and Acting Chief Municipal
Physician for st. Thomas and
ST. John.
, 1948-10-29
Dear Voter:

ST. THOMAS. 81.
and industrial section, repres-
ents approximately SO per cent
of the energy
Evening star., 1948-05-28
Youths Poster Wins
S1O0 Suvinqs Bond

Howard Scott. 16, of 1905 South
Capitol street. has won first prize
in the District Savings Bond Divi-
sion's poster contest.
The Randall Junior High School
students poster was awarded 500
Savings Bond. 1t shows bowler
making a strike, and is captioned
Strike Out Future Worries-Buy
U. S. Savings Bonds"
The poster will appear in the Sep
tember issue of the School Savings
Bonds Journal, which is distributed
to 10000 classrooms throughout the
Nation.
Evening star., 1948-05-28

In Tune 1o4o the Allied cause hit bottom.
France crushed England preparing to hight on
the beaches and landing fields" The whole democratic world
braced itself for Hitlers blow. sA7as. q.
In todays Golfers Robert E. Sherwood draws upon THE
SECRET PAPERS OF HARRY L. HOPKINS to recreate
mood and atmosphere of those terrible days This famous
playwright and author like Hopkins intimate OF the
House He tells the inside of the tremendous
decisions that shaped destiny
Today the first time he reveals many of the grim and
urgent messages that passed between Churchill and FDR
leaders with onrushng disaster Says
Sherwood:
Roosevet's wartime deeson: to back the
seemingly hopeless Of Brtan with everything +hat
he could possibly offer in the way Of ma+sre and moral
encouragement entirely his There was
in his Presidential when he met with much
opposition in his Cabinet when his position In the
country less
At that time the nervousy peculaed about possible
British should the homeland be invaded
and conquered Churchill evasve this point but
Harry Hopkins learned later:
The British government did have a skeleton plan
for evacuation canada anywhere else
There touching passage anxiety the Donions
for the safety of the Royal Family Dsregadng all enteaes
to flee, Queen Elizabeth said:
The prineesses without and could
leave without the king end, Of course, the king
will Ieave
Did you know that Colonel Lndbergh played part however
indirect in the invention of the atomic bomb? As Sherwood
tells it:
When he Lndbersh) reeited faess and figures at pri
vote meetings he could generally the living day
lights Of his listeners and q them mpelsd
to write Roosevelt urging him command Churchill
to surrender Bot Of Lndbersh listeners had
somewhat different reaction. This Dr.. vannevar
Bush. formerly Of Engine the Massachusetts
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1948-08-25
Pilot Blamed for Fatal
Crash Near Airport
By the Associated Press

The Civil Aeronautics Board said
yesterday that an Eastern Airlines
crash in which five persons were
killed near here last January 13
probably was caused by the pilot S
failure to follow proper procedure
The plane. a Douglas DC-3 with
nine persons aboard, struck a wood
ed hill along the Potomac River
5 miles south of National Airport
The plane was en- route from Hous-
ton, Tex, to Boston.
The board said Investigation
showed no mechanical or icing trou-
BILE with the plane prior to the
time it struck treetops while in di-
rect line with the runway on which
it was scheduled to land.
At the point of the crash, East
ern's rules provide that the air.
plane be at an altitude of 1900 feet
above sea level.
The pilot, Paul j. Saltanis, and
the co-pilot, Ralph B. Sanborn, jr.
were killed along with three passen-
gers.
The CAB said the pilot may have
believed he could come down over
the river and maintain visual con-
tact the short distance to the air
port. 1t added that it could see mo
other reason for the flights APP
proach into Washington below the
specified altitude of 1900 feet"