davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1948-06-12

books in such examples as the
following:
|. international shipments
Of coal in Europe come within
ECE's jurisdiction. Over the
last year, ECE helped Euro
pean countries to use cheap
fuels for heating purposes and
to reserve high grade indus
trial fuels for use in produc-
ton either at home or abroad.
In addition, ECE recommends
International ALLEGATIONS Of
coal exports. Early this year,
for instance,
ALLEGATIONS Of coal were made
to Belgium and Italy for ad-
dltional production of fertiliz-
ers. The new fertilizer produc-
ton, in turn, will enable great
er production of foodstutIs.
2. AS the coal production
was used more efficiently over
the last two years in Europe,
the steel industry there has
steadily been turning out
more and more Of this basic
industrial raw material. To
take one example, France,
which produced an average Of
$4,000 tons Of steel a month
in 1915, averaged more than
100000 tons a month early
this year.
3. With more steel available
the vital railroads were able
, 1948-06-12

to carry more goods to where
they could be sold and to
bring more raw materials to
where it was needed. For in
stance, in Czechoslovakia, the
railroads were averaging 772,
100000 ton-kilometers (haul-
ing one ton for one kilometer
constitutes a ton-kilometer)
per month. By the end Of 1947,
their average was 950,000,0 900
to~n-kilometers per month and
promises to run far higher this
pear.
4. Freight cars, too, were
difficult to find because of des-
truction and obsolescence. AS
a result when freight cars are
sent over borders, they were
either kept for long periods
until they could be reloaded
or simply were never return
ed. The freight acar shortage
grew worse until ECE was
able to work out a simple in
ternational agreement provid-
ing that cars should either be
returned or Immediately re-
loaded.
Despite some major practi-
cal results, ECE economists
point out that the job has just
begun and that Europe still
has many months of hard
work ahead before prewar
levels will be reached in all
fields.
, 1948-06-12
zee SURVEYS EUROPEAN ECONOMIES:
u " Commission Aids
In European RecoDery

Pierre. a Frenchman. and his family won't have much to
cal tonight, LITTLE more than some sour.tastinq bread and a
few vegetables. In Italy. nine-Year-old Pietro can't find one
pair of shoes in all of Rome that his mother really can afford
to buy. Far north in Sweden. Peter a businessman is some
, 1948-06-12
SHIPPING SCHEDULE

The SIS, JOSIAH N E
is scheduled to sail
from New York on June 3rd.
1913, and is due at Frederik
sted, June 18th. accepting
freight for Trinidad, Guanta,
Georgetown, P~aramaribo,
Guina.
Alcoa Steamship Co.. Inc.
RCB'T L. MERWIN and CO.
Inc. Agents
, 1948-06-12

English woolens which he has
always worn.
These three typical Euro
pean consumers, say econo-
mists here on the staff Of the
United Nations Economic
Commission for Europe ECE)
are feeling only the symptoms
of the economic disease that
afflicts everyone in the CONT
mental economy.
The disease itself is the af-
termath of war, which shows
up in smaller census totals
shattered factories, worn-out
but irreplaceable machines,
overcroWded, indispensable
railroads and smaller ship
ments of coal.
Europe's economy is in the
process Of recovering now, the
I'm. economists point out, and
has made more rapid strides
in some fields than anyone
has expected. Part of the rea-
son is the work Of ECE, which
includes III nations who work
together to make the best of
what they have and to replace
the destroyed, WORKOUT and
damaged parts of Europe's
production machinery.
The results of ECE's deci-
sions, carefully based on the
best technical knowledge, are
found in the economists note
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16
"A Minnesota Editor Looks at the
Civil RIGHTS Wur
ditoriAl In Sacred Heart Mimi News


While celebrating the birthday of Abraham
the Great Emancipation and while nerRac Week being
Minnesota and other states from the southern
demanding white supremacy"
Trumans civil rights" legislation only proves
kill idea when decisive has been fought
when constitutional amendment rights
oored citizens unfolding the Of that
for nearly eighty years.
1t is significant and by should it be
pacency the southern that the
where white considered necessity
form of the population Nearly half
ssspp one-thrd the Georgia. people
South Carolina, third of those in Alabama
In all the Negroes of these fourteen total about
million souls while the entire Negro population Of the
1910 about thirteen million.
From the first settlement of the plantation
slavery bore about the relation the
day racial intolerance does todayfrowned
for it, fercey defended by those whom
At that time feeling the NORTH coupled political
differences exploded into action and the Civil War
with the bloc of southern approaching
demands behalf some
s bound to result
And well the whites be the future
sway the south For the Negro today spite Of all attempts
keep him brute educated encouraged
all he equality And he has the
law on his side.
conflict will and deep dyed prejudice Of on
another until both sides lose their identity
will depends what happens the
phase Of the eataeysme changes abou
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16
Attention Minnesota Democrats

the Republican governor this Luther W.
Yungh the Democratic Secretary of Defense James For
resta asking him pertinent question segregation the National
Mr. Youngd told Forresta planned executive
order migrating coored Mnesotans into the Minnesota National
Guard without segregation AL he wanted know from Democratic
whether would eopardze Federal
funds alocated for the Minnesota Guard.
month there the letter
Of Republican Youngdh In passing should that
the political afaon Of the individuals being discussed this
is done deliberately.
Republican Youngdah has approached the matter Of dcrmna
against his Negro fellow citizens National Guard the
broad premise Of human rights and partisan political grounds
We call Fosa and his assistant Kenneth Royal Democrats first
and who has announced himself discrimination and secondly
Minnesota Negroes have for three campaigns voted
ingly for the F. d. r. Democratic party.
Republican has had the challenge
which mocks Has Mr. Humans Of Defense
the do much? Mr. Harold Barker the Minnesota
Democratic committee ought busy this
inform the Washington administration that they stand behind
Mr.. Youngdahl.
they do do they the loss all Of the support that
d. r. earned from Minnesota Negroes The National Guard matter
conceived partisan political by Governor Youngdah
but might easily become the Democrats losing their
prestige with Negro voters in the Upper Midwest.
Let Mr. Forresa and Royal governor at once!
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16
The Generals and the Liberols

War and the threat Of war has
caused Army officers opinion Of the
general public The two commanding generals of the
OF war Eisenhower and Macarthur frequently
future President
General Macarthur military ruler Of willing candidate
for the Republican nomination His supporters former
Gov Philip LaFolette and his Pogrcvcs Robert
WOOD former American Fer the right rhur
somewhat his political views through his rule Japan although
still mystery how the the support
elements Wisconsin pogresv The people of
Wisconsin however, obviously General Mac
Arthur their former Governor result
candidacy doomed to oblivion.
MacAhus counterpart the European theatcr
hover apparently popularity
discharged veterans In public opinion
surprising strength for whose political
strength
his fellow headed Roberts the KANSAS CITY
STAR started draft him the Republican
January the General made practically closing
door his supporters although he left slightly
that obvious and overriding reasons" might him
accept the nomination.
dbacle the party, which the opinion
political
impossible has brought about Draft for EienhOwerth
time the Democratic ticket.
The coalition formed draft Eisenhower the Democratic ticket
the political alliance aided the
Roosevelt but remained for Roosevelt supply the leadership
the prerequisite cemenng the alliance Can Eisenhower
supply leadership? the supplied
necessary training for military leadership but the
need today political leadership.
Of become President of these United States
natural understandable whether they generals clerks poll
The desire Of people who supposedly d
Gated to given political principles select whose
views on unknown mystyng further incon
GRITTY the for President picture lies in the fact thai
The two organizations which active his behalf he CLIO and the
Americans Democratic AcOn) opposed Universal Military
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16

penalties being accessible the public that
constantly donations and contributions far be-
yond your financial ability to do
Small publishers such ready targets game
for people donations be patron for this
that will the office and buy 50 ad
you worth of tickets for the affair advertised!
folks either heard of don't boot
about pess courtesy pess tickets which usually handed
the papers that be assigned to the
affairs
Many affairs for which Of good
friends solicit worthy which would like to
subscribe money there enough in the
publishing business weekly daily for the propretors to
donate cash every worthy that along.
Often these which seek donations from the
publisher also seek and given free publicity The publisher
the bite sometimes from his cash fund and
then from his precious which of the saa items
he has offer.
We recall instance when committee of five persons all
well meaning, discount advertising bill They
$50 off $12O bill They little bit ncensed
because wouldn't literally reach pockets and give them
unfair lacked community spirit etc.
We then made them the proposition that would contribute
$12 if each them agreed do the make the amount
discounted Not the wanted add
their make the question All Of them
thought believed their their organization They
wanted donate $50 but of them willing
their and sincerity All of them had
jobs Oh right and for their
but they assumed responsibility feel terribly hurt
because couldn't afford to cough up $50 donation!
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16
Whv So Quiet About Bowling

has noticeable lack Of the STARTRBUNE
sports pages about AAmerican Bowling Tournament being
sponsored the Twin City Committee for Fair Play Bowling
This which merits support of decent citizens
like like the TRIBUNE Classic ABC sanctioned
DOES NOT EXCLUDE non Caucasians
As this editorial is being written the TRIBUNE tournament is
being held has probably occurred Mr. Charles Johnson
sports editor that hundreds Of
readers Of his sports participate in the TRIBUNE
the dsgracefu ABC rule
Johnson member Of his staff has protested
the lilly white restrictions under which the
tourney Acceptance papers
after tantamount appova Of the dscrmna
tory rule.
NegroAmerican participation both amateur and
fessiona America wouldn't much of Olympic
the athletes As Of fact the
STARTRBUNE Golden Gloves would the Negro
Indian youths who them each Appreciation Of this
ought suggest Charles johnson other daily
sports editor that their columns belong behind such
a the All-Amercan Bowling Tournament
Sports editors often that their sections Of the
paper comparatively bias santing there
editors the countys entire metropolitan
Negro players" unwritten law which
the Twin City daily did single thing bring
about the Of lads like Jackie Robinson
n organized baseball
ing trend discrimination sanctioned" bowling, they
do have the challenge the Grant hypocrisy Of the
Abe Maybe all of this stuff which Of these sports editors palm
off their readers about fair play good craftsmanship doesn't
extend bowling participation by all people black well white
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16
Voting Is Privilege
Reader Hunt Says
DemOcracV Real Thing

democracy heal lnlng
This is the year of Jubilee, not
to commemorate the deliverance of
the Israelites from the Egyptian
bondage, but for every American
citizen, local and national, to unite
together to make America strong.
America is one of the few major
nations of the world left where a
free election can be held, and a
citizen may register his personal
choice. The election of the dicta-
torship has become a farce, as the
dictator asks his people to go to
the polls and vote on the question
of "Am | right, or am l right" If
this farce is to be continued, it is
no longer considered necessary to
even stage a semblance to election,
as all rights and privileges of free
men have been stripped from the
population.
We, who take elections so nom
chalantly, fail to realize that the
privilege of free election is some
thing that has been gained only
through struggle, suffering, sacri-
fee, blood and tears. 1t is only
within the last 300 years except for
brief and isolated periods in the
past when a large group of peo-
pie have had the privilege of Sc
Letting officers of their government
and deciding important local, state
and national issues.
Many people living in the United
States do not realize that while
we are young country compared
with nations of Europe and Asia,
our government is the second old
est in the world. The oldest gov
eminent in the world is that of
Great Britain, which is also a form
of democracy or limited monarchy.
In countries much older, such as
Greece, Rome, Egypt, China and
Japan and others, government
changes have been frequent, and
the present government in most
Of these countries dates back only
few years. There must be some
thing to the democratic form of
government to make it last so
many years, particularly while so
many other forms are lettering
We are blessed with having the
finest and most enduring type of
government in the world.
Let US keep it that way. And
when we sing "My Country It's of
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16
Letters TO the Editor

Thee" we should mean it.-How.
ard NJ. Hunt, St. Paul, MINI.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16
Jobs for Colored Workers

Its Negro population made Chicago Of the major
wartime laboratories testing the relative efficiency of coored
workers skilled occupations Late 1884, the production
peak Negroes made ia of the employed population
against only 40 per in 1910.
Many assumed that these would the dropped
the There limited decline after VJday,
significant that Negro employment recovered the lost
ground There gain of between 1916 and 94
today Negroes have virtually recovered the favorable position they
enjoyed during the
number of fields still closed Of 7O6 Chicago
firms disclosed that ATS still employ Negroes and the Urban league
reports openings
collar professional work Downtown department employ
Negro clerks However they Increasingly the bakery
trade and the telephone exchanges and drivers and
conductors the railway At least bank white
neighborhood cooed teller and manufacturing
recently employed Negro as head chemist
The have had prove
ployrs and fellow workers
vincing that the difficulties of employing Negroes
white collar jobs have been oversmad and there
gradual broadening
tunties.-St Paul Dispatch.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16

Tranng-whh only upon which Eisenhower has made
public Eisenhower in favor Of Universal Military
Training.
justify their attempt draft ESsn-
premise that whether he known unknown quantity
defeating the Republican
ddate This similar position to Jake Arvey Chcagos
leader support Of Eisenhower readily
understandable. He a winner.
No question the legal right Of the coalition for Esen
gamble shouldn't their political morals
asking the American people to take such
gamble with the future Of this great nationH
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16
Ohio Reader Says
It's a Pleasure

To Receive Paper
Editor: Here is my renewal for
my subscription. l am happy when
l can read the paper from my
home town. 1t is a pleasure to
have such a nice readable paper
coming to me way out here in
Ohio.
l look forward to receiving it
each week. l am mailing you this
money for another year. Thank
you for your prompt service.
Lumma W. Brown
asa Dearborn Ave,
Dayton, Ohio
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16
Editor Liked Rowan
Eisenhower Appraisal;
Praises Randolph Powell
April 10, 1913
April 10, 1913

April III, 1876
Editor:
AS a regular reader of your pa
per, let me congratulate you on
the excellent article, Eisenhower
Loses Respect by Support of Jim
Crow Armed Services" Not only
did you deal with Eisenhower's
weak and superficial reasons" for
segregation in an effective way, but
your statement of the basic prin-
ciples Of respect for personality
was excellent.
May I offer an unsolicited COM
ment on Carl Rowan's feature
Twin Citians Support Randolph?
note that you plan to print the
opinions of some of us so-called
white" Twin Citians in your next
issue.
l. for one, heartily support Ran
dolph, Adam Powell, and the others
who question the right of demand
ing defense of democratic princi-
pies, when those who fight and die
for the principles are themselves
denied full benefits.
Gandhi defied the might of the
British Empire, and by non-coop-
GRAFTON with injustice won the
freedom of his people. l admire the
courage of the Negro leaders who
have dared to challenge hypocrisy
in so fortnight a manner.
would suggest that not only do
Negroes have cause for Withholding
their support for war service in a
Jim Crow military set-up, but all
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1948-04-16

than a functioning democracy.
With best wishes for your fine
paper,
George W. Marshfeld, editor
TWIN CITY COOPERATOR
1851 University Ave.
St. Paul, MINI.
Smyrna times., 1948-03-04
a THE
Smyrna A
BRIEF CASE
by Robert Bell

THE DUCK CREEK CRITIC: This columnist feels that
the award committee finer selection for
the outstanding Smyrna" than Mr. John C. Man
nering! the townspeople publicly honorng man
good Smyrna One man-about-town
says This citizenship award is fine hing-gves us chance
talk the good things about for change
When the parking meters business dis
trc their depend whether not they
forced It's evident that the time limit parking on Main and
Commerce hasn't been.
What this locality needs etc. "A staon!-Prob-
ably would be in Dover provide radio
erage Delaware and parts of nghborins Mary
land No reflection on Wilmington they
enough to and report the events in and
municipality They only skim the surface Of
The main eventsWe need radio station
to farmers the rural
Delaware In words station! Wilmington does
grand job doubt there than handful of farmers
who don't listen to the Delaware Farm and Home Hour
sportsman doesn't listen occasionally the Retzes
Sportscasts But this isn't enough Wilmington has other
listeners consider Chester Newark New Castle Marcus
Hook and nearby New local station would report
local events and lower Delaware would be provided with
to obtain adequate attention Wouldn't it be worth
while? Well we're going to have The Dover Chamber
instrumental getting outside
to build radio station in Dover William Courtney Evans now
permit plans be the April 1st
radius of so to go miles, daytime only
1t would be beneficial of Smyrna if trucks
that rumbing along Commerce St. heading
ALL cutthru from Main St at the west end of the road
goes by sengers Hatcher
ies) to the DUPONT Highway would do it.
Plans are still tentative stage concerning
basketball game for the Walter Deakyne Memorial Fund
General Hospital Drive The Smyrna Hornets
up right with the remaining their schedule
the Mar-Del for play-of plus their Saturday
night games the Dover YCA Invitation Basketball Tourn
which ends March 20h So far be determined
Col shaords Dover quintet is the likely choice to meet the
Hornets in this exhibition benefit game.
Former Mayor of Dover Wallace Woodfords only inter-
rupting when the lights the Citizenship
Award Ceremonies while he making the presentation
speech was I'm glad this didn't happen in Dover!"
Evening star., 1948-09-12

$17O$l75 per month"; but like half our nurses she
works 48 hour week and receives pay off for over
time work. As talking her she nodded toward an
elderly nurse who passing BY
That's what mean" she said That woman is 70 years
old still nursing You lot of them This work is too
hard for the but they do because they to- Do you
blame us for wanting social secuy Or better pay while
we're young? I'm special duty here now get nine dollars
day. Subtract income meals laundry registry fee and
carfare and take home about five dollars How much do
you think can that? Exactly nothing Oh didn't
come into nursing to get ch but often have work seven
days week just to hold my own
2. Ouerlong hours, little time off:
Alice Wiggan. pretty, spirited brown-eyed girl just
finishing her final at large metropolitan nursing school,
stopped at the corner and sad Oh it's wonderful just
walk Does that sound funny? You don't know me- used
Evening star., 1948-09-12

and retirement plans for all nurses The committee further
urged that hospitals adopt definite personnel policy for
all institutional with toward making salaries
hours, sick leave, and vacations comparable other fields
of endeavor for with equivalent educations and
training"
Washington, California and several other western states
have already established high standards that drawing large
numbers of nurses from other In Washington $500
monthly minimum 4Ohour week. twoweek annual vaca-
ton and other benefits effect Chicagos Cook County
Hospital and School of Nursing also has comprehensive
Continued page 2I
Evening star., 1948-09-12

EDITOR Mary NJ.
Roberts, Of the Ameri-
eau Journal Of Nursing:
This article describes
some of the symptoms of
the serious attack Of social
maladjustment from
which nursing is suffering.
The recommendations to
employing agencies for i'm
provement of health pro-
grams and to the public for
included in the Social Secur
more effective use of the ma