davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-05-28

the Republicans can start fgurlng
what to do about it."
The General, of course, can still
say no. 1t is fact that the move
to bring him before Appropriations
to testify on foreign aid antedates
his setback in the Wisconsin pri-
maries. Now that it has fructifled
he may have changed his mind
His congressional hackers have
given assurances he'll come. ap-
parently relying on word from Gen
Wainwright, his successor al
Corregidor, who heads a Veterans
for Macarthur group.
They Immediately began lining up
support for their resolution invit-
ing him to address a joint session OF
Congress. This courtesy accorded
other World War commanders can
hardly be denied him.
Triumphal Tour in Making.
All the makings are present for
triumphal tour. The General
must land in the West and pro-
ceed East. He has been asked to
make the commencement address
at Virginia Military Institute in the
South and Harvard has offered him
degree at their commencement
June 10 in the North. His problem
will be to select, not to find.
National defense heads quickly
seized upon the congressional re-
quest as a windfall for their pre-
paredness programs, including the
draft and UNIT. Their message
to the General was designedly
worded to leave the inference that
they expect his presence.
They want Gen. Macarthur to
help push their legislation over the
top. Unquestionably, this prospect
was a factor in the yea vote of
Senator Gurney, chairman OF
Armed Services: in fact four Sen
ators who voted aye are also on
Armed Services.
Significantly. none OF the three
leading Republican contenders-
Messrs. Dewey, Taft, Stassen-were
represented in the Appropriations
vote. Two dark horses were:
Knowland of California, who sup
ports Gov. Warren, and Ferguson,
Senator Vandenberg's colleague.
One of the two Republicans who
baked, Senator Saltonstall OF
Massachusetts,, is a favorite son who
might be benefited by confusion
at Philadelphia. But he insisted
that foreign aid ought to be kept
out of politics and that the Mac
Arthur invitation was shot through
with politics. The other, Senator
Reed of Kansas. an intrepid veteran
of the political wars, said bluntly
Gen. Macarthur was great man
who ought not to be put in posi-
tion where political capital might
be made of him.
Can Hardly Help Dewey.
Much Macarthur support also
likes Senator Taft and vice versa.
When Gen. Macarthur challenged
Gov. Dewey and Mr.. Stassen in
Wisconsin, Senator Taft looked
upon it as running interference for
him.
There is some indication now,
however, that in the Taft camp, as
elsewhere, the arrival of so much
glamor at this crucial moment is
not too welcome. 1t can l,o~diy
help Mr.. Dewey: the youns New
York Governor has had no e:peri-
ence in the kind of military and
world affairs about which Gen.
Evening star., 1948-05-28
On the Record
Relief Gifts Sent Abroad Are Penalized
By Postal Regulations and Mail Cost

package once a week can be sent
to the same person by the same
person anywhere in continental
Europe.
We were tired of those bundles
and knew how to beat this game.
One member of the family took
package to one post Office, a second
to another-easy in New York.
Postage Is IA cents a pound, so we
parted with $6.16, in addition to two
taxi fares.
We could have simplified matters
by sending these packages-destined
for Berlin-to an acquaintance in
Military Government, with the re-
quest to deliver them there. Then
we could have shipped 10 pounds
for 43 cents. This is what thou
sands. wishing to help persons in
Austria or Germany, are doing. But,
of course, this Is 1ot the duty OF
Military Governm Mt.
Our friend ha~ pens to live in the
American 20 where neither food
Evening star., 1948-05-28
Say No
Democrats Join Gleefully in Invitation
For Gen. Macarthur to Return Here

Macarthur, hero of two world
wars and the Pacific occupation,
speaks with so much authority. The
only other veteran among Republic
can front runners is Mr.. Stassen.
President Truman's disclosure
that he had twice invited Gen. Mac
Arthur home and had been twice
refused dramatizes the mans fab
ulously impregnable position-so
long, at least, as he sticks to his
last. Even in so minor matter
as a social occasion, a White House
invitation is supposed to be a COM
mand, and the President is also
Gen. MacArthur's Commander in
Chief. But the general similarly re-
fused Roosevelt and later Gen.
Eisenhower.
Shelley Mydans writes from
Tokyo that Gen. Macarthur en-
tertains a lofty certainty that he
is right" Certainly nobody, includ-
ing his Commander in Chief, has
had the temerity to challenge him.
Evening star., 1948-05-28

ly do everything Dorothy Thompson.
they can to penalize the impulse
The other day we cleaned our
clothes closets of superfluous cloth
ing. Suits, trousers, shirts, dresses
and shoes, rejected because they
no longer fitted or were out of style
were assembled-the rejection made
more radical by the knowledge OF
the desperate clothing situation In
most of Europe.
These, insofar as they were soiled
were dry cleaned and then, ac-
cording to regulations, packed In
cartons estimated to hold % pounds
Our clothing collection, aug
mented by friends, filled two such
cartons.
Now they had to be weighed on
the bathroom scales. for II they
were an ounce over % pounds and
more then 70 inches in diameter,
the post Office would reject them
One containing shoes was over.
weight, and two pairs of shoes
does anyone know what shoes mean
to Germans and Austrians?-had
to be taken out, requiring repack-
ing.
Duplicate Forms.
Meanwhile, duplicate forms were
filled out, listing item by item the
contents Of each package, and their
estimated value.
These were to 60 to a German
friend-a woman of great character,
widow OF an anti-Nazi hanged by
Hitler-who is engaged in social
work, and in a position to make
wise distribution.
But we could, not hail a taxi
take both packages to the nearest
post office, and be done with it.
According to the rules, only one
Evening star., 1948-05-28
This Changing World
Tito Must Ease Demands on Austria
If Friction Is to Be Avoided This Year

trian province of Carinthia. He also
asked for war damages, fixed arbi-
trarily at $150,000, 900, because, he
said, the Moscow agreement was
binding only on the Big Three and
not on other Allies not represented
at the Moscow Conference.
Carinthia and its capital. Klagen-
furt, are as Austrian, however, as
Nebraska is American. The Austrian
representatives at the London Con-
ference made it quite clear that
while their government was willing
20 sign peace treaty providing for
the payment of money, as directed
by the Allies, it could never yield
one square mile Of its national ter
ritory. They pointed out that it
was highly improbable that even
Austrian Communists would sub
scribe to such a ceSsion.
When the Soviet representative at
the recent parleys showed no signs
of yielding on the claims of Russia's
puppet state, Yugoslavia, there was
nothing to do but suspend the
conference. After consultations with
Washington, Samuel Reber, the
American representative, was or
dered home, leaving the Russians to
decide whether T!to's territorial de-
mands should be allowed to wreck
possibilities for settlement OF the
Austrian problem.
Depends on Moscow Aims.
There is, of course, no question
that Moscow can order Belgrade to
change its tune. Tito made his
claims originally only after consul
tation with his Politburo bosses.
The same men can order him to be
satisfied with half his reparations
claim and no territorial cession.
Whether Moscow will take such
a step remains to be seen. In dip
lomatic quarters it Is felt that the
whole thing depends on Russia's
future aims. If the Soviet govern
ment insists on keeping the Euro
pean pot boiling, it will advise Tito
to stand by his guns.
The Soviet concessions to Austria
are useful as propaganda showing
that Russia is willing to have peace
in the world. At the same time
Moscow can claim that it is unable
to change the attitude of the sover-
eign Yugoslav government.
In the event, however. that the
Kremlin really means to avoid fur
ther friction this year, it has it in
its power to order Belgrade to desist
from it's territorial claims, which
are justified neither historically nor
ethnologically. Negotiations for a
treaty then could be resumed and
brought to a successful conclusion.
Evening star., 1948-05-28

cupation, have Constantine Brown.
met the Soviet demands more thar
half way. Moscow's delegate ir
turn agreed to scale down Russia's
claims on NaZi assets in Austria
from 100000 to 125,0Oo,o0o
payable over a period Of six years
beginning in 1850.
The Russians also consented with
the American, British and French
delegates to allow the Danubiar
Republic to keep an army OF $4,000
men with 90-plane air force after
the occupation troops are with
drawn, 80 days following ratifica.
ton of the peace treaty.
The principal obstacle to sigma
ture Of a peace treaty is Yugo.
slavia's adamant stand.
Pledge Made by Big Three.
At the Big Three foreign min.
listers s&meeting in Moscow in 194a
the powers solamnly pledged them
selves to consider Austria, which
Germany took over by force In
1898, separately and apart from
the other enemy countries.
At the end of the war, 1t was pro-
claimed at Moscow, Austria would
be re-created and none of the pow
ers would ask for reparations OF
Iindemnities of any kind. The
Soviet government found an out
by claiming for itself number o1
factories, oil fields and other valu-
able property under the pretext
that these were NaZi assets
The other signatories agreed tc
this in principle and after long dis
cussions final sum was set as rep
resenting the true value of Naz
investments. Marshal Tito ther
came forward with his own claims
and demanded incorporation intC
Yugoslavia of the important Aus
Evening star., 1948-05-28

nor clothing Is dutiable. But If she
lived Q few blocks away in the
British or French zone, We would be
unable to find out from our postal
authorities in New York whether OF
not the gift was dutiable.
The easiest thing to do is to make
a. list of recipients and place orders
week by week with reliable institu-
tions like CARE, SAFE, CARITAS
or the ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Ar
better g. Wohlfahrt. The latter or
ganization has food packages rang
ing in price from $3.75 to SITS.
But these do not cover items that
are desperately needed-such as
soap, toothpaSte, tooth brushes,
Evening star., 1948-05-28
THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. C..
FRIDAY. MAY 70, e4l

bandages and band-aids, iodine and
other simple drugs, combs. wash
cloths and household linen.
It would seem as though our au-
thorities wish to discourage giving
to individual families. But Ameri-
cans are contributing generously to
Europe through taxation, although
most Of them are hard pressed to
make ends meet. Yet hundreds OF
thousands have friends and rela-
tives for whom they will make ad-
ditional sacrifices.
There is no systematic collection
Evening star., 1948-05-28

| publican con-
vention.
We're taking
that fellow off
the retired list
of presidential
candidates and
p u t t in g him
back on active
service" one ex-
planned. He'll
get great ova-
tions, his boom
i'll be re-
C h a r g e d and
he'll blanket the
others in press
and radio. Then
Evening star., 1948-05-28

ul6 I1lCn AlAAA1t-
ed meanS-were
G ivi n 6 more
than the United
States.
I W on d e r
whether Secre-
tary Marshall
himself ever has
! undertaken to
send packages
to Europe, and
whether he can
e x pl al why
United States
postal regula-
tions apparent
Evening star., 1948-05-28

Of offcast clothing either, though out
OF the closets OF this country a whols
nation could be decently covered.
So If Mr.. Marshall wants an OUT
pouring Of voluntary aid. we suggest
that the process Of sending 1t BE-
simplified and cheapened. II one
stands In line at any city post ONCE.
one Is touched by the number Of
people bringing packages and fork
ing out for high postal rates. Many
Of them look as though they could
Ill afford the sacrifice.
tReleased by The Bell Syndicate, Incl
Evening star., 1948-05-28

ut1eS were SuS-
p e n d e d last
week until such
i'm e as the
Soviet govern
ment persuades
Tito to modify
his demands on
the A u S trian
province of Ca
rinthia and for
$780, 900, 900 war
reparations.
The AustrianS,
anxious to rid
t h e n1selves of
the foreign O-
Evening star., 1948-05-28
By Constantine Br0un

A peace treaty for Austria de-
pends henceforth on Marshal Tito
OF Yugoslavia. The London dis
cussions between the Big -Four dep
Evening star., 1948-05-28
Bv Doris Fieeson

Appropriations Committee Demo-
Gratis joined gleefully in the invi-
tation to Gen. Macarthur to
return here on the eve Of the Re-
Evening star., 1948-05-28
By Dorothy THOMPSON

On Tuesday, Secretary Marshall
called for more voluntary American
relief for human suffering abroad.
He said other countries-consider-
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-01-02
Bialik's Poetry To
Appear In English

The Histadruth irwin of Amer
lea is proud to announce a cul-
tural achievement of major signif-
icance, the translation of the COM
plete poetical works of the great
Hebrew poet, Haydn Nachman
Bialik, into the English language,
under the editorship of DR.. Israel
Efros, professor of Hebrew at
Hunter College and noted Hebrew
poet.
This work, in which some of
our finest English translators
have participated is to consist of
two volumes. The first volume
will appear early in January 1948
and the well-known artist, Lionel
S. Reiss, has furnished it with
many beautiful illustrations.
Bialik gave classical expression
to our historic longing for re-
demption and this translation
will bring to wider and wider cir
cles his call for Zion.
Bialik was the great master of
expression; and through this trans
lation, the beauty of his poetry,
as sheer poetry is unsealed to the
heart and the mind of the whole
world.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-01-02

magazines should be urged not to
propaganda, in the ambigues
sense of the word. but to give legit-
innate space to bona fide examples
of good human relations. By pre-
cept and example, encouragement
can be given to the fashion for
good human relations, thus making
that a durable fashion. This is not
telling an editor what to do. Nor
is it an imposition upon the read
ing public. Good human relations
can be legitimate news. Report
ing them will encourage those of
us who are striving to improve
society; reporting them may dis
courage those of us who are UNI
Willingly striving against a good
society.
The second main approach to
the American public is through the
natural associations which human
beings form to express their in
terests. These include social
groups and churches, business
mems associations and trade I'M
ions, women's organizations and
veterans groups. To approach
them and win them over to an edu-
cational campaign against pre-
JUDGE is to meet the problem
with the greatest possible force
that is, on an organized basis
ADJ has long realized that i'm
portance of cooperative action
with organized groups dedicated
to democratic life. We believe
that this shared experience ere.
ates sympathy as well as under.
standing. It can, in fact, change
basic attitudes.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-01-02

World War II speeded up re-
search in the physical and bio
logical sciences. BY Comparison.
however, the social sciences are
the new frontier for discovering
ways and means for combating
prejudice. They need to be en-
couraged, both by governmental
as well as by private support.
Without the knowledge which
they will reveal, we will be too
dependent upon rules of thumb
and yardsticks based upon trial
and error experiences. BY no
means should we give up the lat
ter, but by all means we should
look toward an era which encour-
ages the processes of education
and stimulates researches in the
social sciences, the outcomes of
which can help more effectively
to build better society. These
instruments of science and the
goodwill of democratic individuals
and groups can make the differ.
ence between dispair and hope and
for a richer, and fuller and I'M
preiudiced future.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-01-02

Representative William G. Stratton Of
Illinois, author of Congressional bill to
increase DIP immigration to U.S.A.,
will he principal speaker at annual
meeting Of United Service for New
Americans in New York City on Jann
airy II. Meeting will develop plans for
aiding larger numbers Of newcomers
who will need help in 1913 from
United Service, which receives its funds
through the annual campaign Of the
United Jewish Appeal
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-01-02

For combating the other levels
of prejudice it is necessary to
chart a course with one central
conception: namely, to so employ
the instruments of education -
using that word in it's widest con-
notation - as to make for good
human relations in a good society.
The philosophy of the Anti-Defa-
nation League is pertinent ex-
ample It's task is that of a Jew
ish agency concerned about Jews
and other citizens who together =
work to make democracy fuller
and richer. It's task is to bring
that kind of democracy into being,
to close the gap between our
practices and our ideals.
How is this done? There are
two main avenues of approach to
the American public. One is the
mass media of communication;
the other, the natural associations
which human beings form to ex-
press their interests.
Mass media of communication
- motion pictures, radio, news
papers, magazines, advertising
and all forms of audio-visual ma
terials - should and occasionally
do reflect public service" char
acter. But mass media cannot
reach deeply into the emotional
life of individuals and groups.
They cannot, in that sense, change
basic attitudes. What they can do
is create a climate of opinion in
which fundamental attitudinal
changes can take place. Mass me-
dia can also eliminate or expose
false stereotypes and caricatures
which nurture already existing
prejudices. Thirdly mass media
can expose both the evils of fanati-
cism and the viciousness latent In
discrimination.
Mass media are slowly respond
ing to this challenge. They should
be stimulated further. The splen-
did example of the Advertising
Council during the war years is
now being picked up, in peacetime
although, still, somewhat tenderly.
Radio programs such as the new
eleventh series of Lest We For
get, rejecting social-conscience in
terests should be encouraged. zone
Foot in Heaven" Going My Way"
"Crossfire," "Gentleman's Agee-
ment," are films devoted to the
pluses of good human relations,
and the minuses of evil ones.
They can be helpful and still be
''boxoffice.
AS the pressure for economy in
newsprint declines newspapers and
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-01-02

Prejudices are not inherited in
any biological sense It is gen
orally understood that children
are born without them. They are
acquired culturally - in the care
less home, in the Indifferent school
and in the church, shop or meet
ing house where intergroup dis
trust is permitted to show itself.
Experiments have demonstrated
that even at kindergarten level
a child has acquired subtle forms
of speech and action patterns
which, if unchanged, will make
him prejudiced youth. The
psychological causation here is
similar to that which occurs in
the realm of economic insecurity.
If we give the child a good home
with security, love and affection,
a home that has respect for in
dividuals within and outside the
family, he will probably develop
into an unprecedented adult. If,
in addition we give him school
and a surrounding society with
comparable concern for good
group life, he will insure that de-
velopment.
But once we permit the home,
the school, the church or the shop
to flick at the human worth of
others, once we permit second
class citizenship to emerge or
q pattern of segregation to de-
velop, then necessarily we are
permitting society to judge
human beings not on their in
trinsic character or their individ-
ual worth the only valid cri-
terion = but upon preconceived
notions of hierarchy and emotional
patterns of prejudice which nei-
Their God nor man can accept.
What, then, are the effective
techniques for combating preju-
dice?
In the previous article we in
dicated that society must enlist
specialized aid to deal with pref
udice of a ARCHAEOLOGICAL ma
ture. A Gerald L. K. Smith, a
Joe McWilliams or Homer Loom
is = fortunately, there are not
many of these individuals in
America seek through foul
means the power not accorded to
them by fair ones. They belong
to the psychiatrists and, where
necessary, to the law enforcers.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-01-02

Rabbi Aryeh Lev, Of New York. has
been named National Chaplain Of the
Jewish War Veterans of the United
States Of America by Col. julius Klein
Of Chicago, JWV's National Command.
er. Now the Director Of the Division
Of Religious Activities for the National
Jewish Welfare Board, Rabbi Lev is q
veteran Of five years. service in World
War II during which he served as q
Lieutenant Colonel of the Chaplains
Corps with overseas service in every
theatre Of war.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1948-01-02
The Dynamics of Prejudice
BY FRANK N. TRACER
National Program Director
League of B'nai Birth


prejudes determined by
conditions This mOnistc explanation must be rejected
without denying that economic insecurity not nequen
Insecurity promotes anxiety and
anxiety emotion which, whether
aggression part individual feels
effects society and to the
individual this the better the economics of society
relations for preu
dice to
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1948-04-30
F. F. A. Chapter Elects
Officers for New Term

At their regular meeting last
week the local high school chap
ter, F. F. A. elected officers for
the ensuing year.
Jack Wood. l94S State Farmer,
succeeds Steve Barcus as presi-
dent. Jerry Show was elected
for a second year as vice presi-
dent. Lee Wilson was elected
secretary to succeed Wood. Ken
meth Juneau was elected treas
urer to succeed Bill McCurdy.
Dennis Harris, who has been fill
ing the unexpired term of Will
bur Kuku, was elected reporter.
! John Powell was elected senti-
mel.
A great deal is expected of the
new officers as they were care
fully hand-picked and are con-
Sldered well quallfled.
On the other hand, they have
quite a record to shoot at as
| President Barcus has just brought
his chapter up to Silver Award
rank in the state achievement
contest, the highest placing ever
attained by the local group. In
addition, the Kuka- Harris COM
bination brought the chapter a
Gold Reporters award. Juneau
! has also a tough assignment fol-
lowing McCurdy. who for the
last two years has done one of
the outstanding treasurer's jobs
in the state.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1948-04-30
NOTICE OF MEETING OF GLACIER
COUNTY DEMOCRATIC CENTRAL
COMMITTEE

Notice is hereby given that a
meeting of the Democratic Pre-
cinct Committeeman and Com
mitteewomen of Glacier County,
Montana. is hereby called to meet
at the Court House in Cut Bank,
Montana. on Tuesday. May II,
1913, at 7:30 p. M. for the pur-
pose of organizing said commit
tee, appointing a secretary, and
electing delegates and alternates
to attend the State Convention,
and to transact such other bust,
ness as may properly come be-
fore said meeting.
Dated at Cut Bank, Montana
this 26th day of April, 1913.
! John J. Greene, Chairman OF
the Glacier County Democratic
Central Committee.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1948-04-30

Bids will be accepted until 600
P. M, May S, 1948. The Board
of Trustees reserves the right to
reject any and all bids.
By the order of the Board of
Trustees, School District No. 8,
Glacier County, Montana.
June Lowe, Clerk.
Browning. Montana, April 20,
1913.