davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-04-08
D. W. RentzeI Named
As New Head Of CAA

President Truman today nomi-
mated Delos Wilson Rented. presi-
dent of Aeronautical Radio, Inc,
of Washington, to head the Civil
Aeronautics Administration. sue
ceeding Theodore P. Wright, who
has resigned.
Mr.. Rented, 80, lives at 1I06 VAL
ley drive, Alexandria. He came here
from New York four years ago.
He has been identified with avi-
alton since 1890 During the war he
was director of communications for
American Airlines in New York and
served also as a consultant to the
Secretary of War on electronics. He
also did some work for the Secre-
tary of the Navy.
Mr.. Rentzels company, with Of
fees at 1108 Sixteenth street NV,
furnishes communications facilities
to commercial airlines.
Evening star., 1948-04-08
Nine Chinese Red Divisions
Seek 10 Seal Off Mukden
BY ths Asseeio,ed Press

PEIPING, April S.-Nine divisions
OF Chinese Communists were re-
ported striking southwark today in a
new assault on the governments
battered corridor in Manchuria.
Pro-government dispatches said
the Red forces were moving along a
branch of the Manchurian Railway.
That line joins the Peiping -Mukden
line at Tahushan, 65 miles south
west of Murkden.
Communist capture Of Tahushan
would doom the governments efforts
to reopen the vital rail line to Muk-
den. A campaign to open the line
to the isolated Manchurian metrop-
oils has been begged down nearly a
month after it was proclaimed on
the verge Of completion.
Mukden has been supplied by air
transport for months. A highway
route has been opened, and then cut
of, with such frequency that its
status Is doubtful.
Evening star., 1948-04-08
20 Revolt Aboard Czech Plane,
Force Landing in u. S. Zone
Former RAF Flyer Takes Over Controls After
Pilot Is Locked in Compartment at Gup Point

left Prague on regularly scheduled
flight to Bratislava, Slovakia.
1.-The pilot said he knowingly
brought the plane to the American
zone and landed" a brief United
States Army Air Force announcement
said.
Acting Czech Consul Karer
Dvorak said the planes original
pilot was forced at pistol point to
leave the controls and was locked in
the planes toilet.
A former Czech pilot who once
flew with the British Royal Air
Force took over the controls. He
turned the plane about and headed
it for Germany.
The original pilot and five pas
sengers told the United States Army
they want to go back to Prague.
The others want to stay.
Mrs. BeatriX Chladek, one of the
passengers, gave this account of The
swift stroke:
1T seems three of the crew and
IA of the passengers were in on the
See PLANE, Page A-5)
Evening star., 1948-04-08
Monsanto 10 Ask 50 Million
OF U. 5. in Texas CITY Suit
by the Associated Press

ST. LOUIS, April "a $50, ,OO0,- :
900 damage suit will be filed at CAL
weston, Tex, today against the
United States Government by the
Monsanto Chemical Co.
A company spokesman said the
suit will charge that Government
negligence in failing to insure proper
handling of an explosive was re-
sponsible for the disaster at Texas
City, Tex, year ago.
Monsanto's Texas City plant was
wrecked in the succession of ex-
plosions which started aboard
freighter in the harbor. More than
500 persons were killed and about
5000 injured.
The damage suits raises to more
than $4,000, 900 the total claims
already on file. The Liberty Mutual
Co., which handles Mon
santos compensation insurance. has
filed two suits for a total of s10,-
zoe. 900. The Texas City Terminal
Railway Co, owner of docks and
seeks So, 900.
Evening star., 1948-04-08
Van Fleet Escapes Attempt
To Wreck Train in Greece
BY the Associated Press

ATHENS, April ga security
train preceding the Greek royal
train was derailed in the Pelopon-
nesus yesterday, apparently due to
sabotage.
The royal train carried King Paul
and Army officials, including 1t.
Gen. James A. van Fleet. American
military chief in Greece. 1t stopped
just in time to avoid an accident.
The derailment occurred halfway
between Argos and Tripolis.
King Paul and his party left
Piraeus for Argolikos (Nauplia) last
night board the Greek destroyer
Adrias. He wants to visit all army
units fighting Greek guerrillas.
Evening star., 1948-04-08
u. S, Britain 10 Give
Limited Control Over
Trieste 10 Civilians
Move Slated for Monday;
Communists Are Barred
From Participating
BY the Assoeiofsd Press

TRIESTE, Free Territory, April
S.-Limited power will be trans
ferred to local civilian hands in
the Anglo-American zone of the
free territory Monday, the Allied
military government announced
today.
Communists will be barred from
taking part.
A military government official
denied a Trieste newspaper COM
ment that the move is designed to
pave the way for handing over the
free territory to Italy. The western
powers have proposed to Russian an
italian treaty revision to permit
Trieste's return to the italians.
The military government will re-
tain such functions as direction OF
police, handling of applications for
public meetings and demonstrations
and the ALLEGATION of sports arenas
Civilians will replace British and
Americans, in zonal and communal
Office throughout the Anglo-Ameri-
can zone except in the small town
of Muggia, where the majority OF
the population is Communist. Free
territory flags will fly on zonal and
communal Offices instead OF Ameri-
can and British flags.
The military government has beer
working with a citizens advisory
committee for some time on the
program.
Undersecretary of State Lovett
yesterday held open the possibility
that the Western powers might take
independent action on Trieste II
Russia refuses to agree to return
the free territory to Italy.
Mr.. Lovett told news conference
the Russians have not responded
yet to the American British French
proposals to give Trieste back tc
T4al
Evening star., 1948-04-08
Size Of D. {. Budget
To Be Fixed Before
Study Of Tax Bill
Horon and Botes Agree
Needs Must Be Known
Aheud of Revenues

The Districts 1948-9 budget
will be fixed before any study of
revenue and new taxes is started,
it was announced today by
Chairman Koran of the House
Appropriations Subcommittee
handling the District supply bill.
This was explained by Represent
ative Horan as he continued hear
ings on section of the bill pertaining
to District National Guard and well
fare agencies.
The agreement to consider the
budget first apparently closed a dis
pute between Mr.. Horsn and Chair
man Bates of the House District
Subcommittee handling the city's
tangled revenue problem. including
the taxation issue.
Mr.. Bates, in letter made public
today by Mr.. Horan. declared that
the fiscal subcommittee would con-
slider ways and means of meeting
the District budget as soon as 1t was
known how much the budget would
be.
Had Sought to Fix Amount.
Earlier, Mr.. Horan had hoped
that the revenue problem could be
worked out before the budget was
decided so the Appropriations Com
mittee would know how much
money was available.
The cuts in the budget, Mr.. Horan
said, would be made consistent with
the proper operation of The District
government.
Mr.. Horan sent Mr.. Bates a letter
today saying that the appropriations
unit would make its recommends
tions at the earliest possible moment
so that the Fiscal Subcommittee
could 60 ahead with the problem
of raising revenue to meet it.
The record breaking District bud
get Of $101 400 900 is So, ,00O, 600 above
the amount of revenue In sight from
estimated District taxes. The Com
missioners have recommended q
sales tax to take care of this deficit.
Mr.. Horan also has backed a sales
tax.
Arm0ry Control Discussed.
The dispute between the District
Commissioners and the National
Guard over control of the Armory
here was discussed today by the
Horan subcommittee at an execu-
tive morning meeting But Mr.
Koran said he preferred not to dis
close what went on. 1t will be made
public, he said, when an official re-
port is filed with the House.
Postponed to a later date were
hearings previously scheduled fol-
this morning on estimates for thu
office OF National Capital Parks, ths
National Capital Park and Plannin,
Commission and the Zoo.
Evening star., 1948-04-08
Surprised Japanese
Agree Macarthur
Has Lost Face
BY the Associated Press

TOKYO, April 8.-Japanese
appeared surprised today that
Gen. Macarthur ran second in
the Wisconsin presidential pri-
mary. They conceded that the
supreme allied commander had
lost face in Japan.
His reputation in the United
States does not correspond with
his reputation here" said one
japanese editor. However, Nip
ponese newspapers have not yet
commented editorially.
The generals self-appointed
Japanese campaign drum beat
er-Poet-Co Contractor Toshiyo
Oda-seemed undaunted.
The idea that they need
Gen. Macarthur soon will seep
through to Americans said
Oda.
Evening star., 1948-04-08
.16 Killed on Korean Isle;
u. S. BIumes Communists
BY N. ksseeiaisd Press

SEOUL, Korea. April 8.-Four
Korean police and IL civilians were
killed in a series OF 10 attacks on
police boxes and conservatives
homes on Cheju Island, the United
States Army reported today. ON
GERS here blamed Communists.
Five policemen and 16 civilians
were reported wounded in the fight
ing, April 3 to 5, and three police
and four civilians are missing.
Evening star., 1948-04-08
Britain Again Weigh!
Fiqhter Escorts for
Transports in Reich
Russian Reply TO Protest
On Mondays Collision
Declared Unsatisfactory
BY the Associated Press

BERLIN, April 8.-Britain is
again considering use of fighter
planes to escort its transports to
Berlin, a spokesman said to-
night.
The spokesman said Russia had
replied unsatisfactory to British
protests over Mondays collision of
a Soviet fighter and a transport
arriving from London. Marshal
VASTLY D. Sokolovsky blamed a
British traffic violation for the COL
lision, and said the British version
of the incident was slander.
The spokesman said the tone of
Marshal Sokolovsky's reply in
dicated the Russians were not CIV
ing any assurances of safety for
planes entering Berlin.
He said it seemed Marshal Soko-
lovsky's written reply appeared to
weaken or erase oral assurances
which had been previously given by
Sokolovsky to British Gen. Sir Brian
Robertson when the latter visited
him Monday night to make q per-
sonal protest on the crash incident.
U. s. May Follow Suit.
When asked in what light the
British government considered the
Soviet reply to Gen. Robertson's s
note. the spokesman said:
II cannot answer that. There are
ladies present"
American officials said the United
States will follow suit if the British
establish fighter escorts.
The Russian military commander
said that unless he was assured
British planes will observe four
power flight rules, he intends to
take measures for the protection of
the safety of air traffic over the
Soviet occupation zone"
He turned down the Idea of a four
power investigation of the crash
which occurred on Berlin's outskirts
and killed Is persons. He favored
an inquiry by Soviet-British conf
mission.
Replies to Robertson.
Marshal Sokolovsky stated his po-
sition in reply to communications
on the crash from Gen. Robertson
His letter was published in Taeg-
liche Rundschau, official newspa-
per of the Soviet military admins
tration.
Gen. Robertson said on his re.
turn here this morning from Dues
seldorf that he intends to deal i'm
mediately with the Russian reply
Arriving in Berlin at about the
same time was Maurice Couve de
Murville, one of Frances tor
diplomatic negotiators. He is to
meet ranking officials of the West
ern Allies and many believe negoti-
ations for a closer linking of the
French zone with the British
American zone are on tap.
Gen. Robertson, who delivered an
address sharply critical of COM
munism yesterday in Dusseldorf
refused direct comment on Marshal
Sokolovsky's note on arrival here.
Position Is Reversed.
The marshal's letter reversed the
position he took Monday after the
accident. At that time he ex-
pressed regret and assured Gen
Robertson the Russians did not in
(See RERIIN PAGE An
Evening star., 1948-04-08
Arab Forces Reoccupy
Strategic Hill Held
For s Days by Jews
Chief Of Holy Lond Army,
Cousin Of ExiIed Mufti,
Is Killed in Bottle
BY the Associated Press

JERUSALEM, April 8.-Arat
forces drove Hagana fighters of
Mount Kastel today, six days
after the Jewish militia occupied
the hill in an effort to keep open
a highway to Jerusalem.
Abdul Khadder Husseini, cousin
of the exiled Mufti of Jerusalem
and commander of the Arab Judean
Army, was killed in the operation
Arab officials said. He had led the
assault on the Jewish position.
Arab officials said 40 Jews were
killed and 10 were wounded in the
fight, but the British Army's report
said casualties were 80 Jews wounded
and six Arabs injured, one fatally
Site of Roman Fortress.
The six-day battle for Mount
Kastel was one of the most bitter
in the four -and-one-half months OF
strife which began with the United
Nations vote to partition Palestine
The Jews rushed the hill Satur-
day before dawn and held 1t. They
hurled back almost constant Aral
counterattacks on the position, site
OF an ancient Roman fortress.
Husseini's forces were reinforced
by units from dozens of nearby
villages. They broke through a
barrage OF mortar and automatic
weapon fire today.
Jewish occupation Of the hilltop
was a first step in an attempt tc
blast open the Jerusalem Tel Avi,
highway so that much needed fooc
for Jews of Jerusalem might gel
through.
Water Shortage Threatened.
Jerusalem also is threatened by
critical water shortage.
An official announcement said one
water supply source. "for the tim,
being, is interrupted" British
Mayor Richard Graves appealed Il
the city's 100000 inhabitants to us,
tap and cistern water sparingly.
An unofficial but reliable sourc,
said Arab attackers had severed {
water pipeline from Ras el Elm, /!
miles northeast OF Tel Aviv. Jeru.
salem's second water source, Air
Farah Springs, is restricted by lacl
Of fuel oil for pumps.
The pipeline parallels the noun.
famous Jerusalem Tel Aviv high.
way, scene of bitter fighting fol
three months.
Second Convoy Arrives.
A Jewish convoy of about 81
trucks. the second in three days
arrived over that highway today
with food for Jerusalem's 100000
Jews. The Jewish militia Hagans
provided the escort.
BY unofficial tally, 2,428 person.
have been slain in Palestine sine,
the United Nations voted for par
tition last November 20.
Hagana sources said Jewish force!
had killed seven Syrian fighter,
and wounded score or more II
attacks on war parties crossing the
border of northern Palestine neal
the Jordan headwaters.
In Tel Aviv, DR.. Emanuel Neu.
mann, American Zionist leader, sale
yesterday the American propose
for a Palestine trusteeship is ir
some ways worse than the 1913!
British white paper limiting Jew.
ish immigration into the Holy Land
Archbishop Favors Troops.
In the British House of Lords
the Archbishop of York said las
night the United States should Sc.
that troops are sent, IF necessary
Evening star., 1948-04-08
Odom Reaches Chicago
0y the A,.oeio,ed Pres.

CHICAGO, April 8.-Pilot Bill
Odom, at the controls of the jinxed
Reynolds exploration plane, landed
at the Chicago Orchard Place Air
port last night after q flight from
San Francisco.
Evening star., 1948-04-08

public duty to which might be
called by the American people"
The statement said.
zone of the things which have
Evening star., 1948-04-08

1see POLITICS, Page A-5J
Evening star., 1948-04-08

(See FOREIGN AID, Page A-5.l
Evening star., 1948-04-08

(See COAL, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1948-04-08

(see PALESTINE, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1948-04-08

tSee DEFENSE, Page AS )
Evening star., 1948-04-08

See BERLIN. Page
Evening star., 1948-04-08
Guide for Readers

An Associated Press Newspc
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1948-04-17

another oyster This operation is
carried on by skilled technicians,
and needless to say the stimulated
oysters receive favored care and
attention during the subsequent
period of pearl formation. Of the
many synthetic and natural sub
stances tried as nuclear material
one of the best is said to be tiny
particle cut from the shell of fresh
water muSSels which grow in many
countries, the largest and heaviest
shelled ones of which are found in
the United States Shells of mus
sells from the Mississippi River have
been imported into Japan by Mkt
motO.
The Japanese oyster, Pindtada
martensi, has been the major pearl
producing species, form that diff
ers markedly in shape, conforma-
ton and size from the Chesapeake
oyster. Within recent years, the
same inducing methods used with
this species have been applied sue
cessfully to the Australian mother
of-pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima,
which gives very high quality
pearl commanding good price.
These oysters are taken in the Ara
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1948-04-17
Oysters Are Forced To Yield
Pearl AT A Great Price

A most fascinating tale, were it
told in its entirety. would be the
story of the development and ope-
ration of the artificial PEARL in
dustry which is conferred in the
Orient. A former japanese noodle
peddler, Kokichi Mikimoto, sixty
three years ago began experiments
to discover ways in which oysters
could be induced to produce pearls.
Thirty years of his research re-
suited in the production of per-
fectly spherical pearl caused from
an artificial stimulus. At the start
of the War, the pearl industry was
a leading one in Japan. Pearls of
various sizes and degree of rides
cence can be produced to order
One company alone produced over
$4,000 in one year, barely begin
ming to satisfy the market demand.
These pearls command high prices.
The secret of making oysters
manufacture pearls at will was
closely guarded for a long time.
Today it is well known that tiny
particle or nucleus of foreign ma
terial must be implanted into the
gonad Of the living oyster along
with a graft of mantle tissue from
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1948-04-17
Strawberry Growers May Choose
Variety Best Suited For Needs

STATE COLLEGE, Miss.-Of the
many varieties of strawberries be-
ing tested by the Mississippi Agri-
cultural Experiment station, no one
variety is best for all purposes but
limited number offers the grow
er a choice of several important
qualities, from which he can choose
that one best-suited to his needs.
Besides numerous varieties I'M
der observation, including the new
er ones, nine were tested at State
College during 1947. The plants
were set Is inches and put on rows
az inches wide and permitted to
grow and form matted row. At the
time of harvest in May, l947, the
matted rows were about "a inches
wide.
In total yield, Tennessee Beauty
led with 200 crates per acre, fol-
lowed by Suwannees with 1856 crates.
Tennessee Shipper, Blakemore,
Klonmore, and Fairmore ranged in
order from 165 crates down to Isl
crates.
if you do good deal of the work
yourself. Some farmers already
have barns which can be converted
to Grade A dairy barns at much less
cost. l can get blue prints free of
low-cost dairy barns for any far
mers who want them.
"One thing I would like to see
emphasized on every dairy farm in
the county is the upbreeding of the
dairy stock. The general run of the
cattle in Mississippi now are of
very poor stock: most of the far
mers can't afford to keep registered
bulls, and it costs too much to get
service from one. But we are build
ing up in the state an artificial in
semination program which will
bring the use of registered semen
within range of the pocketbook of
any farmer who wants to build up
his stock. The effect of the increas-
ed interest in quality of stock is
already evident, and l would like
to see it spread.
However, DR.. j. P. Overcast, as
sociate horticulturist, who conduct
ed the experiments reminds that
yield of berries is not the only fac
tor to be considered in selecting
variety for home or commercial
paintings Their general appear
ance, color, flavor, and firmness
should also be considered.
He stated, The fruits of all these
varieties have satisfactory quality,
yet some are much better than 9TH
ers. Klondike and Missionary are
below average, Suwannee and Fair
more produce very sweet berries.
Fruits of Massey, Tennessee Beau
ty, and Tennessee Shipper are me-
dunn in sweetness Blakemore, Mis-
sionary, and Klondike are varieties
with highly acid fruits
Klonmore was by far the earliest
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1948-04-17

variety followed by Missionary,
Fairmore, Blakemore, and Suwan-
nee in order of earliness.
"Firmness of berries is another
factor to consider in selecting straw
berry varieties" DR.. Overcast stat
ed. IF the berries are to be grown
for home or local use, then any of
the varieties may be satisfactory
When selecting variety for ship
These results are for one year
and trials are being continued, and
these and other varieties are being
tested for growth habits suitable
for freezing and shipping.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1948-04-17

fura Sea along the north coast of
Australia and transported several
thousand miles to culture areas at
Palao, Okinawa, and other South
Seas stations.
Thus, the lustrous pearl grazing
miladys neck may have originated
as lump Of Mississippi mussel
shell implanted into an Arafura
Sea oyster raised in Okinawa waters
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1948-04-17

took what seemed to be a long
gamble and made try for a sing
ing career ;. her first bid was for
job at the famous Small's Para
disc in Harlem ;. at the conclus-
ion of pretty bad addition, the
owner, Ed Small buoyed up her
spirits with the observation, you
can't sing much but you aren't bad
to look at and with experience you
MIGHT improve, SO I'll give you
a job at twenty-five dollars week"
thus began her professional
career.
Miss Churchill has been featured
in the top night club and vaudeville
houses from coast to coast /. for
two years she was the featured vo-
caIist with Benny Carriers band
in 1913 she won national re-
cognition as the most unique blues
singer of our time when she made
her now famous recording of Dad
dy, Daddy.
Now once again she has risen to
new heights of popularity on the
spinning wax of a dynamite laden
disc her recording Of Il Want
To Be Loved" quicly climbed to
top Of the juke box hit parade !. {. :.
not only was it a popularity leader
but recording critics rated it as
the greatest torch song ever re-
corded. To top it all, Loved won
all awards in 1947 including the
much coveted "Cashbox' and Bill
board awards.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1948-04-17

by japanese technicians. At any
rate, the demand for pearls is great.
and the profit marked, as indicated
by the one-time multimillioned for
tune of Mikimoto.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1948-04-17

An American oil company has set
up research and development unit
in Great Britain to work with users
of petroleum products, the govern
ment, and British universities.