davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-08-22
FOREIGN Policy and the Cumpuiqn

Inere seems no gOOQ reason why any
body should get excited over Governor
Dewey's remarks favoring the idea of
letting Italy administer its former African
colonies under United Nations trustee
ship. The remarks-made to a group OF
Italian n-Americans-Were obviously de-
signed to help win for the Republican
presidential candidate the vote of an i'm
portant minority In that sense they were
frankly and perhaps unfortunately po-
litical But it is difficult to see how they
contained any threat to our bipartisan
foreign policy.
Actually between now and November,
Mr.. Dewey will have great deal to say
about international affairs. He and his
spokesmen have made that clear. Con-
sidering that he is running for the highest
Office in the land, 1t is silly to suggest
that he should remain silent on the sub
ject, letting Mr. Truman do all the talk
ing and leaving his own position mystery
to the American electorate. In all funda
mentals, that position-the Republican
position-has been represented as CO.
inciding with that of the Democrats. In
other words, as far as principles and OBJ
jectives are concerned, our foreign policy
is genuinely bipartisan, and politics has
really been stopped at the waters edge.
This does not mean, however, that Mr..
Dewey ought not to discuss the principles
and objectives or say anything about the
methods used in applying and pursuing
them. AS long as the policy itself is not
undermined, there will be room for dis
cussion and debate on many of the out
standing issues involved in it, and GER
tainly, if supporting facts can be cited,
attacks on the administrations execu-
ton of it will be legitimate during the
campaign. All this assumes, of course,
that both sides will hold fast to bipartisan
ship on essentials and exercise the mature
restraint that is so necessary in these
days of delicate negotiations on explosive
problems.
To ask more than this of Mr. Dewey, or
of Mr.. Truman, would be asking too much
Foreign policy has become vital part of
our everyday life, and it cannot possibly
be put aside in silence from now until
election day. The President will have to
discuss it, and If he discusses it, Mr..
Dewey will have to discuss it, too, because
the American people have right to know
what his views are. AS the Republican
candidate, he must be heard. It makes
little sense to argue otherwise. He is in
agreement with everything that counts
in our present bipartisan approach. His
speaking about it will not weaken it; on
the contrary, 1t may strengthen it.
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Easing the Droft Burden

The new draft regulations manifestly
are designed to soften as much as possible
the impact of compulsory peacetime mill
tary service on Nation unaccustomed to
such regimentation, except in extreme
emergency. At the same time, the draft
board guide book issued Friday by the
President makes it plain that strict COM
pliance with the new law will be required,
even by conscientious or any other kind of
objectors.
The rules leave no room for deferment
of young men who elect to follow the
advice of group of clergymen who have
suggested that each person has the right
to decide for himself 'the course which
he should take with regard to conscrip-
ton" The ministers, in calling for "day
of mourning" on August 80, espoused the
principle that prospective draftees are not
obliged ''to give unquestioning obedience
to secular authority, as is demanded IN
totalitarian lands"
Under the regulations, which are an
amplifcation and Interpretation of provi-
sions of the selective service law, conscien--
tious objectors are given the fullest protec-
ton of the act But draft boards are left
in no doubt as to what the law means
when it authorizes exemption from active
combat service of men whose deep religious
convictions are against participation in
war Thus, conscientious objectors are
defined as persons who, by religious train
ing and belief, are genuinely entitled to
exemption, or to assignment to noncombat
duties However, the boards are told that
the law specifies that this respected cate
cory does not include persons holding
essentially political, sociological or philo-
sophical views" or adhering to merely
personal CODE
Sympathetic consideration of other
classes of men who may be entitled to
deferment is encouraged by the rules.
Married men, including those who may
take the marriage vows on the eve OF in
duction, are to be deferred. So are high
school students farmers, men with de-
pendents and professional men engaged
in health, safety or other essential occupa-
tions-except that the President may
change the deferment regulations as con-
ditions may warrant.
It is apparent from a reading OF the
rules that the 1948 draft will create far
less disruption of civilian life than have
any of the previous CONSUMPTION programs
That is the way Congress intended it to
be- And, with voluntary enlistments pro-
ceeding at a stepped-up rate, the disloca-
tion is likely to be even less than military
authorities had expected. Certainly, there
is no present indication that the dire
effects on the American way of life so
vociferously predicted by opponents OF
conscription are to become a reality.
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Spires Of the Spirit
The Righteous Sword
Pacfsm in the Face of Militant Aggression Viewed as
An Agency of Destruction
BY kheR RepE Eredere Rromn Harris d. D..
By the Req. Frederick Brown Harris, d. D.. Lit. d.

ganda In the nation against whose life It Is
plotting. To weaken the national striking
power is to vote to make 1t inevitable that the
democracies shall be forced to do the bidding
of moral perverts who have been allowed to
fashion a preponderance of swords.
OF course, force never is the last word At
best 1t but clears the way for the constructive
agencies Of friendship, good will and co-opera-
ton to do their healing work, 80 that at last
swords can be turned into plowshares. But
when you face men who have put the state on
the throne, instead Of God, you cannot conquer
them by kindly example or a friendly smile.
No gentle charms can stay the fangs of the
cobra when it is ready to strike That callous
deviltry Is to be allowed at will to trample
righteousness into the mire whenever it Is
powerful enough while the forces Of good stand
impotently by is a tragic travesty Of justice
and judgment.
In England, before World War II, a group
OF influential clergymen, ignoring Germany's
rearmament, led q movement utterly to re-
nounce the sword of defense. Declaring they
were willing to risk all on meeting Hitler's
threat with understanding and good will, they
secured hundreds of thousands of signed pledges
of virtual refusal to take up arms. That
futile policy sincerely followed helped to bomb
the churches Of which these preachers were
the ministers and to fill the land with lamen-
tations for the mangled and the dead That
crusade was definite factor in Britains un-
preparedness when the foe struck Time trag-
lcally proved it was no hour to exchange q
clean sword for an olive branch.
In America, man stood up in a free pulpit
to preach. He quoted detached sentences from
the Christ whose hand held the lash when
His Fathers House was made den of thieves
and whose eyes were often as q flame of fire.
The preacher declared that evil, no matter how
diabolical, was never to be resisted with any
physical weapons. Rhetorically he asked, What
has sword ever accomplished worth while?"
In pew was worshipper in whose heart was
an aching void and in whose home was
Purple Heart, speaking of the valor of young
crusader who marched forth with a righteous
sword and came not back. At the church door
following the service that worshiper said to
the clergyman, IT can tell you one thing that
the righteous sword has DONE" "What?" asked
the minister. Replied the listener with deep
feeling, "The sword in the hand of those who
have resisted militant evil has given you the
right to stand here today and to proclaim your
convictions without fear of being liquidated"
The one who had publicly said that rampant
evil was never to be resisted by force paused
for moment and then acknowledged, "I am
afraid I cannot refute that" There Is no
refutation in Gods world and mans for the
fash of the righteous sword.
Evening star., 1948-08-22
BIockinq the Danube

Imagine the Mississippi closed to through
navigation, the barrier being imposed
somewhere above st. Louis and the entire
lower course of theViver subject to regula-
tions which assured strangling monopoly
to the riparian occupants.
That, roughly speaking, is akin to the
situation which will result from the abor-
tive Belgrade conference on navigation OF
the Danube the majestic waterway which
plays role in the economic life OF Central
Europe perhaps even more vital than does
the Mississippi for our great central valley.
Since the close of the late war, the
Danube has been economically dead river.
A large part of the shipping which piled
its waters was destroyed during the war
or has been impounded by various author
tiles, including our occupation government
for Southern Germany, through which the
Upper Danube runs
In an endeavor to break this vicious
circle our diplomacy has consistently
striven to revive that free navigation OF
the Danube which functioned successfully
for nearly a century under international
agreement. The arch opponent to this
endeavor has been the Soviet Union, which
has riveted its control of the river from
It's Black Sea mouth all the way to Linz
in Austria, just east of the German border.
Having got Russia to indorse in principle
free navigation of the Danube, with similar
pledges in the peace treaties for Bulgaria,
Hungary and Romania the State Depart
ment took the initiative in suggesting a
conference on the subject, to be held at
Belgrade.
Our diplomats knew in advance that
they and the other two Western Powers,
Britain and France, would be in a voting
minority as against Soviet Russia and its
satellite regimes. But Washington hoped
against hope that the obvious self-interest
of the riparian states would lead them to
favor workable arrangement
Those hopes were dashed from the very
start of the conference The Soviet dele
CATION, headed by Andrei Vishinsky, turned
the gathering into an exhibition of Krem-
lin arrogance and bad faith unequalled in
Soviet diplomacy-which is saying a great
deal. Vishinsky, Moscow's top-hight
hatchet man, outdid himself in heaping
abuse, invective and humiliation upon the
Western Powers, tamming through pro-
gram for 1fe complete Soviet domination
Evening star., 1948-08-22
New Stort for French Guiono?

Devils Island has come into the news
again, perhaps only to disappear from it
forever. A dispatch from Georgetown,
British Guiana to the Montreal Star says
that the isle is fading into oblivion" due
to the discontinuance of shipments of pris-
onerS from France. No new arrivals have
been reported since 1888. Meanwhile, many
of the inmates Of the penal colony have
died and still more have escaped. The
place is believed to be practically depopu-
lated. IT this is so, 1t may afford an oppor-
tunity for new beginning of civil settle
ment
The three little dots on the Atlantic
made notorious by Captain Alfred Dreyfus'
confinement half century ago are part
Of the only French possession in South
America. They rise between one and two
hundred feet above the sea and their
climate is salubrious. Under intelligent
management they should be prosperous.
The difficulty has been that, like the
adjacent mainland, they have been treated
stupidity for 800 years. Traders from Rouen
attempted the first colonization between
1925 and 1874. The crown took control to
give the celebrated Finance Minister
Colbert chance to demonstrate his skill
for reorganization. For a time progress
was sensational. Then an unlucky mill
tary expedition against the Dutch ruined
everything in 1886.
A new but equally tragic chapter opened
when Choiseul and his cousin Praslin sent
out 10000 volunteer settlers in 1853. The
enterprise was bungled incredibly, however;
neither food nor water was provided for
the colonists-with the result that only 918
of them remained alive in 1765. Exiled
Royalists, shipped to Cayenne during the
Revolution likewise periShed miserably for
lack of elemental necessities. The penal
stigma attached to all French Guiana from
1852 onward naturally had a deterrent
effect" as DR.. Wallace Thompson declares,
on the whole country.
Yet in spite OF its handicaps the colony
has prospered. The value of its exports
is six times that of its imports. Forests of
precious timber cover much of the terrain.
Placer gold mining is the most profitable
industry, but there Is vast potential wealth
in the systematic growing of rice, sugar,
corn, bananas and other tropical and semi
tropical contributions to the worlds larder.
BY all means, let Devils Island be for
gotten. French Guiana and its hinterland
Inini could be exploited to universal ad-
vantage, if the exploitation were under
taken in line with modern productive
techniques and methods.
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Flying Fireworks

Fireworks which began at the big show
dedicating New Yorks International Airport
are still visible along the Potomac. The Air
Force took IS minutes for its part in the show,
witnessed by President Truman. 1t few its
planes high and fast Only 10 minutes were
allotted to the Navy, but careful planning
made that 10 minutes as busy as q carrier deck
in general alarm. And the Navy's perform
ance was a closeup one, launched by the
President himself with wave OF his handker-
chief There is no doubt about who stole the
show. Air Force officials, burning q cherry
red, say the Navy put on some demonstrations
it was not supposed to. There is likely to be
some sharp competition when the two services
next make q public showing, at the National
Air Races in Cleveland.
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Campaign HQ

The Democratic National Committee is about
to complete the removal of its f1rst-string
publicity, radio, library and research stats to
the Hotel Biltmore in New York City. Mean
while, the Republicans, cramped in their COM
mittee Offices near Dupont Circle here, have
leased the entire fifth floor (52 rooms) across
the street in the Dupont Building. This will
house Herbert Brownell, jr, campaign director,
and his staff. A blonde receptionist greets all
COP visitors at the elevator door, takes down
their names and whom they want to see and
telephones for an escort-just as wartime Sc
curity operated in most Government buildings.
Evening star., 1948-08-22

for he that takes 1t
shall perish by it."
That sword. was
drawn in anger and
vengeance. 1t was a
bad sword. But Jesus
also said, II am not
come to bring peace,
but q sword" That
sword unsheathed
against evil was a
good sword. All de-
pends upon the pur-
pose for which the
blade is to be used.
In ancient dayS the
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Spires of the Spirit

There is nothing inherently good or bad
about sword. The quality of sharpened
steel may depend on whether 1t is in the hands
of surgeon or bandit. Earths greatest
teacher admonished, Put up your sword:
Evening star., 1948-08-22
A ,gay From 1t All

Senators who do not want to mix In primary
campaigns in their States often find excuses
to be somewhere else Some stay in Washing
ton to work in their air-cooled ofices-but
one Midwestern Senator, nameless at his own
request. found novel hideaway. He went
to another Western State and got job run
ming wheat combine. The farmer, who didn't
recognize him, raised his pay after the first
day from So to $40 for a 12-hour day
Evening star., 1948-08-22

A camera dropped mile into the water
photographs sea spider on the ocean
floor-a new triumph for science, no
doubt, and one more defeat for privacy.
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Farms in Red Poland

WARSAW.-It is evident the Communist
powers in the Polish government are going
slow on socalizing or collectivizing farm pro-
duction. They are saying that peasants con-
sent must be voluntary. This is despite q
newspaper article by Hilary Minc, Communist
Minister of Industry and Commerce. The ar
ticle says the government is doing everything
possible to restrict the growth of capitalist
elements and limit class differentiation in ag-
rculture.
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Neu ENJOY

LONDON.-Erik Bohemian, Swedish AM
bassador here, is expected to become Am
bassador to the United States by the end OF
this year. Tall, fluent in English, he is popula,
among diplomats here.
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Denhan Back

Robert N. Denham general counsel OF the
National Labor Relations Board. is expected
back at work tomorrow. Illness has kept him
on the shelf since July T. His doctor has ordered
him to lay of the back-breaking schedule he
undertook the first year or so of administering
the Taft-Hartley Act
Evening star., 1948-08-22
T OOkino Ahead Some Shadocs of Coming Events
AOO>AAA AAA>e Are Noted Here and abroad
(By the World staff of the Associated Press.l

more and more Of problem to the United
States Board on Geographic Names. The land
marks need to be named for mapping purposes
and for the benefit Of tourists.
Evening star., 1948-08-22

At every turn. the Metropolitan opera
encountered rising costs. Have you priced
. bull lately, fora production Of "carmen"7
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Dominion Out?

LONDON.-Prime ministers Of the seven
British Dominions meeting here in october,
may decide to change the term dominion" to
commonwealth. The dominions are Canada,
Australia New Zealand, South Africa, India,
Pakistan and Ceylon II adopted, the change
may be accompanied by redefnition Of Brit
aims constitutional relations with the domin-
ions. 1t also would call for a change in King
Georges long title.
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Name for Suber.Carrier?

1.-The United States" is one Of the favorite
among names being discussed at the Navy
Department for the proposed super-carrier
That was the name Of the first warship built
in this country.
Evening star., 1948-08-22
Puerto Rico

There will be hot time in Puerto Rico from
now until election November 2. For the first
time the islanders will elect their own Gov
ernor Opposition to Senator Luis Munoz-
MariL, founder of the popular Democratic
Party now in power, is divided Munoz is
doped to win.
Land Ho!
When you create an artificial lake, like Lake
Mead behind Hoover Dam, you also create
lot OF new islands, bays and beaches. The In
creastng number of such lakes, With their
acconpany1ns geographical features. = 1onng
The Nome nugget., 1948-03-19
Palestine Policy
(By Jack Foster)

(By Jack Foster)
 THOSE WHO CHARGE the U. s. government with deserting the Palestine partition recommendation miss the point of its statement to the Security Council is trying find way to restore peace in Pales tine, to preserve the United Nations and to avert world war; the basis of any solution In that it de- serves the support of all men of good will.
 Far from evasive hair-splitng, the American state men was much-needed clarification of basic factors too long confused by the propaganda wshfu thinking and violence which saturate the situation.
 It reminder that the Assembly's partition "de- cision" and could be only recommendation; that the Security Council could and should enforce peace; that the United States should not and would not act alone.
 Those who want the United States to give fictitious
The Nome nugget., 1948-03-19

pany put crew of mathemati- clans to work figuring new chart, this time way up to 95 cents a pound, on the theory that meat wouldn't go much higher.
 We'll, it did, and the Toledo company began turning out bigger and better charts much faster than their scales. The latest chart we noted in our butchership was calibrated for $1.75 meat, while over at the delicatesSen counter some fancy stuff was selling around $2.
 The Toledo company never quite caught up-a sharp little fa- cet of the imitation saga.
 Maybe now they won't have to put up any new charts.
The Nome nugget., 1948-03-19
Blaming The Defenders
(The Denver POSt)

(Ihe Denver POSt)
 TO WHAT DEPTHS of nfamy must the Russians de- scend before Henry Wallace will find anything wrong with hem As the blackout of liberty presses westward in Europe, Wallace has reproach for the aggressor He spends his indignation upon the defenders
 Wallace and the Communist quislings blame the United States, not Russia, for the crushing of Czecho sovakia
 Every act under the Truman doctrine is clearly la beed anti-Russian," argues Wallace in apology for the latest Communist coup. 'The men in Moscow would from their viewpoint be utter if they failed to respond with acts of pro-Russian consolidation.
 Wallace needs to be refreshed two dates of history The first is Sept 12 1946 when Waace then secretary of commerce, initialy expreshed his doctrine of appeasement in the famous Madison Square Garden speech The second is March 12, 1947 when President Truman asked Congress for aid to Greece and Turkey
 Wallaces doctrine of appeaSement preceded the first expression of Truman doctrine by six months The Truman proposal of military aid to nations threatened by aggression made only after every hope of saving freedom by other means had been ex- hausted.
 It is probably true that the U S. policy of firmness followed by the Marshall pan has led to stepping up of the Russian timetable of aggression But to say that it is the of the Sove of conquest hiS toric abSurdity
 Russias blueprint for aggression had been written long before the end of the The Kremln all set to profit from the chaos in the wake of battle. Commun ist units schooed in Moscow in the technics of political nfiltration poised to follow in the trail of the Rus sian armies of Alteration"
 The Russians were fighting war and conducting campaign O1 revolutionary conquest at the same te By the time the western democraces awakened to what going on, the chains of totataranism had already been forged in eastern Europe. What Stan has been doing since is to tighten those chains.
 Wallace declares: "Only administration in Wash ington that the Russians will respect-only peace party at the helnn-can secure the peace By peace party" he means his own Communist masquerade
 Wallace is right. There is only administration the Russians would respect That would be totally Com munist from the White House down to the lowest fourth-class postoffice
The Nome nugget., 1948-03-19
Let's Hope

WHEN WHOLESALE meat prices broke sharply some of the weightiest cheering must have gone up from the Toledo Scale Co.,, of Toledo, Ohio.
 Back when round steak was 35 cents pound the To- edo company used to equip its butchershop scales with automatic computing chart that figured meat as high as an incredible 75 cents pound That wasn't high enough come 1946 forcing butchers to grab greasy pen cils and wrapping paper to do their computing customers purchase.
 Stores wrote in about the charts the Toledo com