davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Defense
Continued From First Page.

Secretary of Defense Forrestal, who
presented the administrations YER
sion yesterday, said Senator Gurney
and some of his fellow members diff
fered with the defense establishment
on several major provisions.
Chairman Andrews of the House
Armed Services Committee, to whom
Mr.. Forrestal also submitted the
administration version, said he
would introduce a selective service
bill in the House next Thursday or
Friday.
In all probability, he said, it will
differ on some points from Mr.. For
restaps proposals. Hearings will be-
gin before the House committee on
April IL with the Defense Secre-
tary as the first witness.
Mr.. Forrestal said events of the
past few weeks have made the two
programs more necessary than ever.
And Gen. Eisenhower-still wearing
his beribboned Army uniform
lent his support to that stand.
In any war now," he said en-
phatically. "the first 30 to so days
may determine our ability to carry
on. We won't win a war that
quickly, but the period is impor-
tant."
He warned that despite progress
in developing new weapons the day
Iof push-button warfare has not
arrived. Manpower still is needed.
he declared, adding that any fight
ing in the next three to five years
would look like it looked in the
late war"
He said selective service and UNIT
are of equal importance to the Ma
tons security-which he said is
threatened by theological conflict" VI
The United States cannot live as
an isle Of democracy in a sea of
dictatorship" Gen. Eisenhower said.
He commented that Americans
have this choice: 1--WE must live by
our own wishes or as some dictator
says" And he added:
i am ready to keep my uniform
on as long as my country demands
Defends Segregation.
During his testimony yesterday
he was asked for his views on the
Army's policy of keeping white and
Negro soldiers separated. Two
Negro witnesses earlier this week
had said they would urge Negroes to
refuse military service unless racial
bars were dropped.
But Gen. Eisenhower said Army
segregation works to the advantage
of the colored troops.
I'm general" he said, "the Negro
is less well educated than white
men. Because of that, If you try to
make complete amalgamation the
Negro will be relegated to the lower
jobs and his chances of promotion
will be less because the competition
for promotion will be tougher"
The human race, he said, may
grow up" some day to the point
where there is no race prejudice.
But, he added, when you try to
pass laws to force some one to like
some one else, you're going to get
in trouble"
Draft of Doctors Sought.
Under the proposals Secretary
Forrestal submitted to the two COM
mittees the draft measure also
would provide that:
]. AL doctors, dentists. and vet
erinarians up to A years old could
be indicted if the President ordered
Q. The complete wartime selective
service would be re-established from
the top 81, ,500-a-year director down
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Foreign Aid
Continued From First Page.)

appropriate the full amounts au-
thoriZed for the next IL months.
(The Appropriations Committees
are not bound to allow all of an
authorized" sum-
Republicans and Democrats for
got their election-year differences
to speed the foreign aid program
to final passage. The conference
agreement went through the House
3l8 to IS, and the Senators did not
n
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Patron of Hotel
35Cents a Night
Leaves $50 900
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK. April 3.-The shab-
billy dressed residents of the Inn
perial Hotel, "cubicles. IS cents
night had break in their monot-
onous lives today as they discussed
the secret of Adrien (Frenchy)
Toulouse.
F'renchy, who lived in a 7-by-5-
foot cubicle for four years until his
death last January g. was especially
silent, even among men who never
exchange a confidence.
Today they marveled at the news
that Frenchy, who was about 10, had
left more than $4,000 in five banks.
Frenchy's papers showed he had
been born in France and came here
as young man. A blacksmith IN
early life, he spent the last seven
or eight years as dishwasher.
There is no record that he married.
Cox g. Arenson, attorneys for the
public administrator, who are ad-
ministering the estate. said Frenchy
made out a will in 1882 during a
visit to France naming his nephew,
Gabriel Cerles of Aveyron, France,
as his sole heir.
The names of some of the mines
in Idaho tell story, such as Slim
Show, Whynot, Dirty Deuce, Hum
dinger, Ready Cash, Second Chance
and MiSer's Dream
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Indiana General Seeks
To Bar Robson From
Wallace Program
BY the Assoeiatsd Press

INDIANAPOLIS, April 3.-The
Indiana Citizens for Wallace Com
mittee said today 1t had been ad-
vised by State Adjutant General
Howard Maxwell that certain indi-
viduals" should not appear on q
rally scheduled for Henry A. WAL
lace here Wednesday night.
Mr.. Wallace. third party presi-
dental candidate. is scheduled to
speak In the National Guard ARM
ory. Gen. Maxwell is head Of the
Indiana National Guard.
The committee said in a state
ment that Gen. Maxwell went to its
headquarters yesterday and suggest
ed that the appearance of Paul
Robson, noted Negro singer, be
cancelled. It quoted Gen. Maxwell
as saying he could shut down the
meeting.
The statement said Gen. Max
well also objected to DR.. j. r. Shan
non Of Terre Haute, State Commit
tee chairman, and Willard B. Ran
som of Indianapolis, committee
treasurer.
Harry A. White. Indiana repre-
sentative of the National Wallace for
President Committee, said, I'VE in
tend to carry on our meeting as
planned; we insist upon our right
to free speech and freedom Of as
sembly"
Gen. Maxwell said in a statement: /:
Il have no objection to Mr.. Wal
lace. The armory was rented so
that he could make a speech. Now
find that a number Of persons in
the radical fringe are scheduled to
appear on the platform I reserve
the right to say who shall appear on
the platform"
Evening star., 1948-04-03
Insurance Rutes Weiqhed

RICHMOND, Va, April 3 P).-
The State Corporation Commission
yesterday took under advisement
the Virginia Insurance Rating Bu-
reau's request for rate increases in
hail insurance on tobacco. and fruit
crops,
Evening star., 1948-04-03
depending upon the length OF hear
ings decided upon.

depending upon the length OF hear
ings decided upon.
Goldsborough May Get Case.
An interesting aspect of the situa-
tion is that Justice T. Alan Colds
borough moves into the District
Motions Court on Monday and
presumably would hear the injunc-
ton case.
1t was Justice Goldsborough who
found Mr., Lewis and the United
Mine Workers guilty of contempt in
December, 1916, and fined them
$3,510,000. Conviction for ignoring
Justice Goldsborough's strike re-
straining order subsequently was
upheld by the Supreme Court,
which reduced the fines to $4,000.
Evening star., 1948-04-03

S25 REWARD offered for return OF vulcan
lady's wrist watch; words Aunt Dede,
engraved on back: lost March 80, May
&ower Hotel or vic. Call DI. 2724. Is :
B
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19
Treasury Department VIII Lounch h
New Drive To Fight Initiation

Washington, ID. C.-Secretary oi
the Treasury John w. Snyder an
nounced a new security loan cam
lpaign TO promote savings anC
fight initiation" will commance OF
April Is and continue through the
month Of June
Under the new campaign, which
will supplement the regular payroll
savings plans now in existence, the
sale Of series F. Savings Bonds viii
be emphasized.
/ Mr.. Snyder said that the Treas.
lury's two specific purposes in con
ducting the campaign were to en-
courage Americans to build greater
security for themselves through
savings, and by 50 doing to combat
initiation.
"These purposes are interlock
ing" he asserted, zone serves the
other and both serve the welfare
of the country"
The American Federation Of La
Dor has consistently supported the
government in all Of its campaigns
TO promote thrift among the work
ers Of America.
The Goth annual convention Of
the AFL adopted a report of the
executive council endorsing the con-
tinuation on voluntary basis Of
the Treasury Departments payroll
savings plan for the purchase Of
u. S. Savings Bonds.
The council report was predicat-
ed upon "the abundant evidence of
the degree to which wage earners
learned to appreciate the virtues Of
systematic thrift through exper-
.ience gained during the war"
AFL President William Green
has labeled the practice of thrift as
"a virtue which should be collec-
lively and individually followed by
working men and women every
where"
"Those who practice thrift will
be the direct beneficiaries Of the
pursuit Of such policy. Our demo-
cratic form of government will be
strengthened and perpetuated
through assistance extended it by
those who invest in U. S. Savings
Bonds"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19

New York City (ILNS)-A State
Labor Department survey made re-
Gently shows that permanent arbi-
traitors help to keep industrial peace
in $4,000 shops in Sc industrial
branches in the New York City
metropolitan area. More than 397,
600 workers are affected by the
decisions of these industrial um-
pires.
There are 81 such arbitrators
here. Most of them are engaged
full time, and some receive hand
some salaries.
Two-thirds Of all workers COW
cred by permanent arbitration, 260,-
900 employees, are in the mems
and women's clothing industry.
These trades have history of ar
bitration dating back to 1910. The
next largest group, the personal
service fields, includes 10000 en-
ployes in hotels, laundries, clean
ing plants and barber shops. Near
ly 34,300 workers in the building
service field use permanent arbitra
tion.
In all but two cases, single arbi-
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19
N. Y. Exchanges
Refuse Union Shop

New York City OLNS)- The
New York Curb Exchange has re-
fused to grant union shop status
to its 225 employees of all depart
ments represented by Local 2O5
of the AFL United Financial En-
ployes, John Cole, vice president
of the local, said.
In this refusal, the Curb Ex-
change followed the action taken
recently by the New York Stock
Exchange and the Cotton Ex-
change, whose employees are rep
resented by the same union, Cole
added.
He asserted the union will con-
tinue to press for a union shop
in each exchange, basing its insist
ence on recent National Labor Re-
lations Board elections that result
ed in substantial majorities of en-
ployes voting in favor of giving
the union the right to bargain for
union shop. Cole said the Curb Ex-
change negotiators turned down de-
mand for a SO weekly increase
for workers getting less than $40
and a $15 rise for those getting $40
or more. He said talks with the
Curb Exchange would resume Feb.
"a.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19
Effective Date For Rent
Increases Is Changed

Washington, D. C.-Increases in
maximum rents authorized by local
rent offices to Individual landlords
take effect on the date the land
lord filed petition for adjustment,
Housing Expediter Tighe E. Woods
announced.
This change in the rent regula-
tions which took effect recently ap-
plies to individual adjustments au-
thorized by the Office Of Rent
Control under any of the fifteen
grounds listed in the regulations.
Previously, the rent increase be-
came effective on the date the Off
cial order authorizing a higher rent
was issued by the area rent office
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19
NotionoI Committee Formed To Aid
Strikers Protect Civil Riuhfs

New York City 0LNS)-Repeat-
ing charges of civil rights viola
tions made originally against the
Associated Farmers of California
II years ago, Rev. John Haynes
Holmes, minister of the Community
Church in New York, announced
the formation Of a National Citi-
zens Committee on the Di Giorgio
Strike, which has been conducted
for more than a months at Bakers
field, Calf, by the National Farm
Labor Union, AF'L. Rowland Watts,
national secretary Of the Work
ers Defense League, is secretary Of
the committee.
The citizens committee, with DIR.
Holmes acting as chairman, in
cludes Robert Hutchins, chancellor
of the University of Chicago; John
Dos Passos, author; Bishop Ed
ward L. Parsons of the Episcopal
Church; Monsignor l.. G. Ligutti,
executive secretary, Catholic Rural
Life Conference; Rabbi Roland B..
Gittelsohn, member of President
Truman's Civil Rights Committee;
Norman Thomas, chairman, Post
war World Council; Mike Masaoka,
legislative representative, Japanese
American Citizens League; and
Ernesto Galarza, former director of
the Pan American Union.
Biggest Fruit Grower
Eleven hundred members of the
National Farm Labor Union, form
erly the Southern Tenant Farmers
Union went on strike Oct. |, 1947,
against the Di Giorgio Corporation
at the company's 20,000-acre farm
at Bakersfield, Calf.
The committee stated, through
DR.. Holmes, that the Di Giorgio
Corporation "is the largest fruit and
produce grower and distributor in
the world. In addition, it also owns
the largest winery in the world, a
controlling interest in the New
York Fruit Auction Co., the Balti-
more Fruit Exchange, the Di Gior-
gio Distributing Co., an Orebon
lumber and box company and par
TALLY owns the United Fruit Auc-
tion Co., in Chicago and Cincin-
natl.
DIR. Holmes said that the citizens
was organized when it
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19
Permanent Arbifrafors Help Keep
Peace In 22,OOO NewYork Shops

trations rather than boards of ar
bitration are the rule. Harry Twill
Ter handled $500 complaints in the
dress industry in 1945. George j.
Hintzer has had no cases in the
women's underwear industry in 5
years.
The arbitrators hear cases invol-
wing any dispute arising out of the
union contract, and sometimes 9TH
er disputes. In many industries,
specific power is given the umpires
to terminate deadlocks in the re-
negotiation of wages during a con-
tract. Unions and employers often
agree to allow the arbitrator to
determine wage changes according
to changes in living costs.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19
First Steel Union
Training Meeting
Held In Alabama

Birmingham, Ala. (LPA)- The
first southern educational and
training conference conducted by
the United Steelworkers last week
drew union officials from 10 south
ern states. instructors for the con-
ference sessions were provided by
Pennsylvania State College, the
University Of Chicago, the Georgia
Workers Education Service, and the
University Of Alabama
approximately 125 conference
delegates braved a severe cold
blast to attend workshop sessions
on such vital subjects as "The Role
Of Labor in Communist Life"
"Union Use Of Educational Serv-
ices" collective Bargaining" "The
Taft Hartley Law" Community
Relations" "How to Take Part in
a Meeting" Informality was the
order of the day. The university
specialists guided the discussion,
and raised problems to which the
unionists found the answers
through the group discussion pro-
cess.
DR.. John r. Morton, director of
extension education Of the Univer-
sity of Alabama told the group
that public and private educational
institutions had much educational
assistance available if labor or
ganizations would only request
help. Universities, if asked, will
make the adjustments necessary or
will train specialists to serve the
labor movement educationally-if
they know what labor wants. DIR.
Morton named as sources of educa-
tional help the extension services
of colleges, vocational education,
the public schools, home manages
ment specialists Of the colleges,
and others.
Participating discussion leaders
included Vincent Sweeney, director,
USA Dept Of Publicity & Educa-
ton; Emery Bacon USA education
staff; Hugh Pyle, DR.. Hal Reade,
and Seth Russell Of Penn State;
DIR. Fred HARRISON and A. a. Liv-
eright Of the University of Chicago;
Frank McCallister, director, GIVES;
and DR.. John r. Morton, Of the
University Of Alabama.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19
Anti-Union Bills
Pending In z New
England States

Boston (LPA)-Trade unions in
Massachusetts, and Maine are fight
ing anti-labor measures in their
own backyard as well as participat-
ing in the nationwide drive for the
repeal of the Taft-Hartley law.
An employers association has
had bill introduced into the Mas
sachusetts legislature which would
amend the "yellow dog contract
law to put unions seeking union
security contracts on the same foot
ing as employers refusing to hire
union labor. 1t would make it un-
lawful to compel" a person to ac-
quire union membership TO retain
his job.
Another bill would require a
specially-convened union meeting
to call a strike and a registration
of the strike vote with the state
Labor Dept.
In Maine, anti-laborites, after
getting a closed shop ban thru the
state Legislature last year, failed
to put on the books a more drastic
measure which prohibits all forms
of union security.
Now the sponsors of this law, the
Barlow Bill, have secured 10000
signatures to put it on the state
referendum ballot in September.
While attempting to secure a court
ruling barring it's inclusion on the
ballot on constitutional grounds,
unions are preparing a drive to de-
feat the worse-than- Taft Hartley
bill at the polls.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19
Labor Peace In AS Seen

New York City QLNS)-Louis
Stark, well known labor reporter
predicted labor peace in 1948 in
the big industries, with the posi-
bic exception of coal. Speaking at
Columbia University's Institute of
Arts and Sciences, Stark said that
"the signs appear favorable for a
peaceful adjustment of wage dis
putes in major basic and mass pro-
duction Industries"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19
Comment On
World Events

In a world in which good news
! is all too scarce, it is cheering to
learn that organized labor Of the
United States, Is million strong, is
rallying to support the American
phase of the United Nations Appeal
for Children's worldwide campaign
for voluntary contributions to meet
the desperate needs Of the worlds
starving children.
American Overseas Aid United
Nations Appeal for Children, which
asks $60,000,000 from Americans
to relieve the suffering of children
in war-impoverished nations, has
received the endorsement Of the
American Federation of Labor, the
CIO, and leaders of their affiliates,
as we'll as strongly favorable rep
reservations from leaders of unaf-
filiated unions.
Heads of the AFL and the ClO
have asked active cooperation in
the campaign from their interna-
tional, national and local unions,
their state and local councils, and
individual members. Both organiza-
tions have pledged local participa-
tion in the community campaign
of the appeal.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19

Teacher: "Now, Johnny, if you
stood with your back to the north
and your face to the south, what
would be on your left hand ?"
Johnny: Fingers"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19

When you receive Union wages
and then buy Union-made goods,
you sew up both ends of a good
deall
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19

And here's another prize field
for exporting: What will John L.
Lewis do next?
Why do so many persons care
what Lewis does? Well, partly be-
cause of the way in which he does
things. He never does them quietly.
He can take mouthful of big
words and Shakespearian quota
tions, roll the mess around under
his tongue and in his cheeks and
let them go with a roar that shakes
the place.
Too many persons, too, are scar
ed of what Lewis will do, for one
reason or another. So there's field
for exporting. There are those who
would pay good money for some
really good exporting on John Lew
is intentions.
But the point of this whole busi-
ness is that lot of experts" get
themselves listened to just because
they make noise and not because
their word output means anything.
This leads up to the idea that
it would be fine thing if great
many persons could be induced to
shut up when they've nothing real
to say, or when they just don't
know what in blazes they are talk
ing about.
But Of course that is too much
to expect. Ignorance and prejudice
will go on blatting over the land
scape. The only sure thing is that
we don't have to listen unless we
want to.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19

The best union-pay-as-you-go
plan is to buy Union-made goods
and to use Union services!
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19

became apparent that the strikers
were not only engaged in an eco
nomic struggle against giant fruit
corporation but were also being
forced to fight the Associated
Farmers Of California, which had
been denounced II years ago in
Congress by the La Toilette Civil
Rights Investigating Committee.
Held "No Ordinary Strike"
"When men and women agricul-
tural workers who are forced on
strike are arrested for misdemean-
ors and then held on $4,000 bail;
when strikers families are evicted
from their homes; when foreign
workers are illegally imported into
the United States for strikebreak-
ing; and when deputy sheriffs at
tempt to terrorize large groups Of
people, it is obvious that this strike
is no ordinary labor dispute" said
DR.. Holmes.
"For this reason, the National
Citizens Committee on the Di Gior-
gio strike has been formed. The
committee will report on its find
ings in the near future"
H. l.. Mitchell, president of the
National Farm Labor Union, now
in Bakersfield to help conduct the
dispute grew out Of the company's
strike, asserted that the labor
refusal to meet with the union to
discuss its demands. These demands
include wage increases, overtime
pay, proper toilet facilities, safety
regulation and the ending of the
company's policy of making field
workers pay for ice to cool their
drinking water during the summer
months.
AFL Backs Strike
"The entire American Federation
of Labor is backing this STRIKE"
said Mitchell, "and our union mem
bers will continue their 19-mile
picket line until the strike is Won"
in 1889, when a strike occurred
at a Di Giorgio farm in Marysville,
Calf, an investigating committee
of the American Civil Liberties
Union charged, in a protest to U.
S. Attorney General Frank Muir
ply, that the corporation "violat-
ed every constitutional liberty"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-02-19

Serving on the National Beard Of
Directors Of the campaign, witt
other leaders from every activity
of American life, are: William
Green, AFL president; Philip Muir
ray, CIO president; T. c. Cashen
Railway Labor Executives Associa
tion chairman; Matthew Woll, AFL
executive council member; George
Meany, AFL secretary-treasurer
James B. Carey, CIO secretary
treasurer; Irving Abramson, Ma
tional CIO Community Services
chairman; David Dubinsky, Inter
national Ladies' Garment Workers
Union president; George M. Harri-
son, Brotherhood of Railway and
Steamship Clerks president; Har-
vey w. Brown, International Asso-
citation of Machinists president; H.
w. Fraser, Order of Railway Con
ductors of America president; and
d. B. Robertson, Brotherhood of
Locomotive Fireman and Engine
men president.
at was with great qualification
that | learned that American vol
untary agencies had formed Ameri-
can Overseas Aid and had joined
with the United Nations Appeal for
Children for the sole purpose of
bringing some relief to those left
destitute by war, particularly chill
dren," declared AFL President
Green.
CIO President Murray, commend
ing CLOS passage of a resolution
to participate in the AOA-UNAC
campaign, declared: "The soul and
heart of this resolution is to pro-
vide the means to feed the hungry
and clothe the naked and shelter
the homeless and give medicine to
the sick. The CIO recognizes that
only through a continuing program
of international cooperation and aid
can the future peace of the world
be insured"
1t is the position of labor, in
respect to the appeal for children,
that while half the children of the
world are hungry, while millions
starve and die of the diseases of
there can be no Sc
curity for American children. This
is an elementary truth, which all
are more and more real
ling.