davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04
THE INJURED WORKER AND
HIS DOCTOR

Workmen's compensation bene-
fits are of two kinds-the monetary
compensation for lost time and the
medical care rendered In many
ways the latter is more important
than the former, since until the
worker is cured of his injuries, he
is unable to return to his regular
work. Since compensation pay
ments are always less than a work
ers' earnings, he sustains net
monetary loss for the time during
which he is unable to work. 1t,
therefore, becomes vitality import
ant for an injured worker to under
stand the practical aspect of medi-
cal care.
The most frequent problem which
arises in states where the injured
worker has the right to choose his
own physician, is when after receiv-
ing certain amount of treatment,
he is informed by his doctor that
the insurance company has direct
ed him to end treatment. This dir
ective by the insurance company is
usually based upon the opinion of
one of its own doctors that further
treatment is not needed.
When the workers physician is
in agreement with this opinion, it
presents no problem. But very FIRE.
quently, the workers doctor feels
that further treatment is still nee
essary but in view of the company's
he feels that he must
suspend treatment because further
medical bills would not be honored.
This is a strategic device fire.
quently employed by insurance
firms. The worker is entitled to
compensation only so long as there
is medical evidence of a continuing
This medical evidence
consists either of direct testimony
by physician at a hearing or by
reports. When there is a
cessation of medical treatment,
there is necessarily cessation OF
reports. At hearing, the
then is in a position to
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04

settlement for Austria is Russla'S
demand for what the Soviets call
German external assets" in Aus
tria. Olah said that the Russians
are. insisting that Austrian indus
tries stolen by the Nazis must be
regarded as German property, and
therefore available for confiscation
as reparations. But, Olah quipped,
"the Germans didn't put the oil
into the ground. 1t belongs to the
Austrian workers." Much as they
want treaty and an end to the
occupation the Austrian unions will
not acquiesce in permanent Soviet
seizure of the workshops.
The Austrian uniCns belong to
the World Federation of Trade I'm
ions, Olah stated. He complained,
however, that the WFTU has given
the Austrian workers too much ad-
vice, and no assistance on the "ex-
ternal assets problem"
Louis Salllant, secretary OF the
WFTU, came to Austria and tried
to tell the Austrian workers what
activities" they should engage in,
Olah recounted. "But," he said, 1--WE
got no action from Saillant and the
WFTU when we asked that the
problem of the external assets be
considered by that body"
"The Austrian workers have al
ways believed in the Importance of
a real international federation of
labor" their representative said,
"but we want an international
which is clearly devoted to cooper
alton and democratic principles"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04
OBITUARIES
MRS. KATHRYN DALEY

Mrs. Kathryn Daley, widow of
Edward Daley, died Nov. 2 in City
Hospital, following a short illness.
Mrs. Daley came to East Liver
pool about 4S years ago. She was a
finisher by trade and employed last
at the Homer Laughlin China Co.
She will be remembered by many
throughout the trade for the active
role she played in affairs of Local
Union No. SO, having represented
that group at numerous conven-
tions and wage conferences.
She was a member of st. Alloy
sius Catholic Church, Court Dunno
937, Catholic Daughters of America
and the National Brotherhood of
Operative Potters.
Survivors include a sister, Mrs.
Mary b. Mcconnell of New Brigh-
ton and two nieces.
Services were held from st.
Aloysius Catholic Church. Burial
was in st. Aloysius cemetery.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04
Drug Firms Lobby
Spent More Than
Real Estate Lobby

Washington (LPA) = Sure, un-
ionists know all about lobbies. But
do you know what big-business
group spent the largest lump sum
fighting social legislation in the
first three quarters of this year?
It's not the private power inter
ests, or the real estate-landlord
combine, nor even the Committee
for Constitutional Govt, which
fights for tax reductions and re-
strictions on labor.
The Natl Physicians Committee
is the top spender, according to the
it has filed with Congress.
To fight health insurance--which
NPC calls "socialized medicine"--
the committee has spent 1890
during the first nine months of
1948, according to its own reports.
Ironically enough, NPC expend-
ed this sum, larger than its entire
l947 budget, at a time when the
Murray-Dingell health in
surance bill didn't stand the ghost
If chance of passing the Republi-
ean-dominated Congress.
The physicians of the country
don't put up all the cash to run the
anti-health insurance lobby. About
one-t third of the NPC's funds dur
ing the first half of this year were
by 20 large drug firms.
They put up $98,000 out of the
$240, ,727.66 spent by NPC in that
time.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04

ers in good conscience cannot pro-
ceed to negotiate in good faith"
with No. 16 along the lines of the
unions proposal.
ITU Steps "Frozen"
Judge Sherman Minton and ].
Earl Major of the United States
Circuit Court of Appeals here have
signed an order staying the execu-
tion of the contempt citation. This
follows Judge Swygert's refusal,
after hearing lasting only 20
minutes, to grant such stay, on
the grounds that any delay in
carrying out his contempt order
could be contrary to the public in
terest. Union attorneys argued that
the general union membership
would suffer irreparable injury if
the ITU were compelled to comply
at once with Judge Swygert's
order, and NLRB attorneys opposed
the unions position.
Di Pietro, in his broadcast, ex-
planned that the effect of the order
signed by Judges Minton and Maj
or is to "freeze-at least tempor-
arily-any steps by the ITU in
complying with Judge Swygert's
contempt order" He said, however,
that the judges made it "clear that
their action was without prejudice
to the right of the attorneys for the
NLRB to file a motion to vacate-
that is, to throw out-the order"
of the United States Circuit Court
Of Appeals.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04
Economic HiqhHghts

Happenings That Affect the Dinner
Pals, Dividend Checks and Tax
Bills of Every Individual National
and International Problems Insep-
arabic From Local Welfare
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04

Buy Union Made goods from
others as you would have them
pay Union wages unto you'll
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04
VA PLANS DIVIDENDS
FOR CT INSURANCE

New ork.-The Veterans Ad-
ministration is preparing to pay
millions of veterans of World War
II dividend payment on their Ma
tional Service Life Insurance with
in the year.
Harold w. Breining, Assistant
Administrator for Insurance, in
making known the method of pay
ment of the dividend, said the ex-
act amount of surplus in the NSLl
fund was not known. Reliable
sources estimate it between 81 ,0O0,-
and $2,000,000,000. Assets
of the fund as of June 30 were &c.
959 ,429 ,226.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04

effect that he was possibly the
father of an illegitimate child. This
was played to the hilt by the Re-
publicans, in the hope that the vot-
ers would become convinced that
he was an utter libertine. AS the
New York Sun put it, "We do not
believe the American people will
knowingly elect to the presidency
coarse debauchee who will bring
his harlots with him to Washing
ton and hire lodgings for them con-
venient to the White House" How
ever, Cleveland's great record of
probity and public service-coupled
with the fact that Blaine had very
dubious Congressional background
was sufficient to offset this. Yet
it was very close-a switch of a
few hundred votes in New York
would have beaten him. In this
connection, it is an interesting fact
that another piece of invective may
have been the determining factor.
One Republican slogan held that
the Democrats were the party of
"Rum, Romanism and Rebellion" !"
This is supposed to have alienated
the large Catholic vote in New
York, and thus given Cleveland
the state.
AL Smith came in for heavy
abuse too. A clergyman asked rhe-
torically: "Shall dry America elect
a cocktail President 2" A pamphle
described the Governor as "the
friend of prostitution" The Catho
lie issue was played up to the hilt.
Herbert Hoover and the responsible
Republicans had no part in this
and considered such tactics con-
temptible. But they couldn't stop
the vilifcation. And Mr.. Hoover
didn't get off scot free by any
means. He was accused of fraud
during his engineering career and
other crimes.
To come down to the very recent
past, Franklin Roosevelt was a con-
sistent target of the rumor mong-
ers. A lunatic fringe put out pamp-
hlets to the effect that he was real
ly Jewish, was a sufferer from un-
mentionable diseases, and so on.
Scurrilous ATTACKS were made on
Mrs. Roosevelt. Matters went so
far that the late President once
said that his enemies shave not
been content with attacks on me,
or on my wife, or on my sons-no,
not content with that, they now in
clude my dog Fala." Oddly enough,
that was literally true, Fala being
accused of viciousness and other
canine sins.
1t is point of interest that Wit
riolic attack has been employed
most freely and consistently
against the more dynamic and col
orful candidates-Jefferson, Cleve-
land, Roosevelt, etc. This caused
Mr.. Bendiner to say in his Mercury
article, "Given the comparatively
,olorless pair of nominees we have,
It was improbable from the start
that the 1948 affair would ever dip
TO the low but gaudy level of past
classics. :" Thus, the emphasis
has pretty much been on issues and
principles rather than on personal
ties. But it's a safe bet that dur
ng some future election the mud
singers will dredge up the old
again.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04
CONSOLIDATES

Washington (LPA)-Gloria Kap-
Ian and Arthur Riordan, both as
sistant editors of CIO News, were
married Oct. 15 in Alexandria, Va.
Riordan, former president of the
Philadelphia-C a m en- Newspaper
Guild, came to the News staff after
the demise of the Philadelphia
Record.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04

There has been very little per-
sonal mudslinging in the 1948
presidential campaign, and prac-
tically none of the undercover rum
or movements which are designed
to persuade the electorate that this
candidate or that is morally, men,
tally, or physically unfit for office.
Most of the critical digs have been
of a general nature-as, for in
stance, Mr.. Truman's description of
the 80th Congress as one of the
worst in history, and Mr.. Dewey's
allegations that the present Ad-
ministration is incapable of doing
an efficient job. Thus, judged by
political precedents, the campaign
has been unusually clean, and no
one Of Importance has attempted to
make either of the principal candi-
dates appear to be a crook of the
first water.
A good many voters, perhaps,
will look back with nostalgia regret
on campaigns in which invective
gave color and life to the proceed
ings, reprehensible as these weap-
ons may be in principle. And to find
the campaigns which were most
enlivened in this fashion, we must
look back quite a distance. In the
October issue of the American Mer-
curry, Robert Bendiner presents an
amusing and instructive brief ac-
count of "Mudslinging In National
Elections" which indicates how
tremendously the times have chang
ed in the matter of political man
ners and weapons.
Even Washington was not spar
ed from the vitriol. On the First
Presidents retirement, news
paper observed that "If ever a ma
tion has been debauched by a man,
the American nation has been de-
bauched by Washington" And,
while he was in office, an opposi-
tion cartoon was published which
showed the Father of His Country
being led to the guillotine.
Jefferson, sainted as he is in
these days, also came in for his
share of attack. The then president
of Yale warned the country sole
mnly that the Jeffersonian doctrine
was designed to make "our wives
and daughters the victims of legal
He was also accused,
through a published tract, of being
a man of very loose morals.
The opposition really turned on
the blow-torches when Andrew
Jackson ran. Due to legal mix
up, the General had married his
second wife before she was fully
divorced from her first husband,
and second ceremony had been
necessary. An example of the use
his political enemies made of this
incident is found in this sentence:
Ought a convicted adulteress and
ler paramour husband to be placed
IN the highest offices of this free
and Christian land?"
In modern times, Grover Cleve-
and, when running against Blaine,
vas given the most savage treat
nent. Evidence was dug up to the |
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04
Wholesale Prices Up;
1850 Above Year Ago

Washington. - Average primary
market prices advanced 0.3 per-
cent during the week ended Octo-
ber %, 1948, according to the Bur-
eau of Labor Statistics. The bur-
eau's comprehensive index increas-
ed to 1868 percent of the 1926
average as the result of moderate
price increases for fresh meats and
livestock. 1t was 2 percent below
the level of four weeks ago but AS
percent above the corresponding
week of a year ago.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1948-11-04
Chicago Printers PIon New Moves
In Strike Against Dolly Popers

Chicago, (ILNS).-Union print
ers are planning new moves in
their strike against the daily news
papers here.
Chicago Typographical I'm o n
No. l6 is holding a conference of
representatives of local unions Of
the International. Typographical
Union dealing with the Hearst
newspapers to work out common
problems of defense.
Hearst Paper Intransigent
The union pointed out that the
management of the local Hearst
paper, the Herald American, has
refused to grant the printers in
Chicago the same union security it
has granted to printers belonging
to the ITU in a dozen other towns
where Hearst owns newspapers. !"
1t added:
"We proposed to the Herald-Am-
erican the identical union-security
contract agreed to by the Hearst
management as legal in New York.
But they refuse to give union print
ers in Chicago what they gave un-
ion printers in New York"
Meanwhile, the union is Of course
continuing its campaign against
the Chicago Newspaper Publishers
Association and especially its boy
colt campaign against the Herald
American. Developments in its
strike, now almost a year old, con-
stitute the best illustration of the
unworkability Of the Taft Hartley
law, it was pointed out.
"Here for 95 years we were able
to negotiate satisfactory agree
ments with our newspaper employ
ers in Chicago" n. M. Di Pietro,
executive secretary of the Chicago
Federation of Printing Trades I'm
ions, said over the Chicago Fedora
ton of Labor radio station, VIGIL,
on the unions program, "Meet the
UNION ITlHbeTS.
95-Year Peace Record Cited
Sometimes there were differ
ences," he said, "but they were al
ways resolved without a strike.
This time, the parties found it inn
possible to do so. And for nearly
year, our union has been plagued
with National Labor Relations
Board persecution, congressional in
vestigations, court proceedings, in
junction orders, contempt citations,
and numerous other efforts to di-
vide our international union from
our local unions, and our interna-
tional and local union officials from
our general membership. Through
out the rest of the country news
paper publishers, without violating
the law but also with no desire to
tear at the structure of our organ
ization have found it possible to
continue living and working har-
moniously with our local unions"
Turning to the Chicago situation.
Di Pietro stated that eve are in
agreement with the publishers on
many provisions Of the contract"
and have proposed that Clauses
similar to those in the New York
contract be agreed upon to cover
provisions still in dispute" Federal
Judge Luther M. Swygert in issu-
ing the contempt citation against
the ITU, has held that the pro-
posed clauses and the New York
contract do not violate the injunc
tion decree Of March 27," he said,
and asserted that, therefore, there
is no valid reason why the publish
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-01-01

almost no irrigation development.
The proportion of farms that have
the benefit of at least some irriga-
ton is another indicator of the sta
bilizing effect of irrigation. 1 be-
lieve that there is now about $4,000
so-called irrigated farms in Mon
tana. This is close to half our total
farm and ranch units. A fairly high
proportion perhaps one-third) of
these are, however, only partially
irrigated. Most of these partially
irrigated farms and ranches were
developed by private capital, and
evidence a system of sterilization
worked out by operators themselves
over the last two generations. 1t
is recognized, of course, that most
of our future irrigation develop
ment in Montana cannot be by pri-
vate capital and that the opportun-
ity for greatly expanding the num-
Der of partially irrigated farms
will be less than it was in the early
years of our irrigation develop
ment.
So much for some of the impor-
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-01-01

logging industry, as we'll as leaving
the soil no protection against melt
ing snow.
Effects of Neglect
Meanwhile my community began
to feel the effect of its neglect. At
first there was little difference in the
amount of business. Slowly crops
began to get smaller, and the people
had less buying power. The enter
prising people looked for a better
place to live. Even the tourist trade
began to dwindle as the country lost
its game and its beauty. The years
licked onward and life slowed in the
town.
Then another catastrophe hit the
valley in the form of a windstorm.
There was a light winter, followed
by a long dry summer. The valley
was brown and dusty. AS the wind
swept down it picked up the remain
ing top soil and carried it away. The
people of my community tried fran
tically to do something; but what
could they do? The years of neglect
and soil waste had brought their
final ravage.
When the storm was over the
please Turn to Page 15)
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-01-01

This article is. based on a talk
given by Tootell at the annual
meeting of the Montana Reclama-
ton association in Great Falls. II
presents a significant summary of
the contribution of irrigation to ag-
riculfural production in the state
and states a sound principle for fu-
lure project developments.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-01-01


T SEE a picture of what my commu-
l. nifty could be in 10 years. Many
of the now busting stores are
boarded up. The once busy streets
feel only an occasional car. AS l
walk down the street [ see a nan
walk slowly out of a store. His only
comment is, Give got to get a job,
somewhere, somehow" Outside of
town deserted farms and dry fields
give mute testimony of the commu-
nifty that once was here. The air of
peace and plenty / once knew is
gone. The town is but a ghost town;
the valley a dying place. The picture
I see is what lack of soil conserva-
ton can NEAR to my community.
My picture all began in the pres
ent year. AS the spring came a great
flood covered the valley. Its dura-
ton was short, but its damage was
immense. A thin layer of the val
ley's precious soil had been carried
to the sea. Many trees had floated
down the river, while others had
rotted and died. Natures check
dams, the beaver dams, had been
washed out; as had been those built
by man. Deep gulleys had formed
down the mountainsides, concentrat-
ing the flow of water and increasing
its soil washing effectiveness. The
flood was only the first of several
disasters to hit my community.
After the Flood
After the flood my community set
to work to repair the damage. They
cleaned their houses, put up fences,
and rebuilt bridges, but careless and
ignorant men missed the most i'm
portant points. They neglected to re-
place the missing trees, and they for
got the check dams. "We won't have
another flood for years." was the
commonly heard word. And, we
don't need to worry about soil con
servation." But the people of my
community had overlooked the
power of nature.
In the succeeding years flood
were light. Yet each one added
little to the damage of the big flood
The top soil in the valley was beinI
carried away faster than natur
could make it. The trees on tn
surrounding hills provided less an
less protection against the spring wa
tiers. The gulleys were getting larger
and the valley began to look gaun
and worn.
The people of my community ger
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-01-01
Irrigation As a Stabilizer
of Montana Agriculture
By R. 3. TOOTELL, Director, Montana Extension Service

Irrigation makes its greatest con-
tribution to the stability of the agri-
culture of the state if the irrigated
lands are widely distributed over
the state. The map of Montana
showing irrigated areas leads on to
the conclusion that we rate pretty
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-01-01

erously opened their forests to log
ging operations until one summer.
Then a great forest fire ragged
through the hills leaving thousands
of acres of black in its wake. This
disaster completely collapsed the
Montana farmer-stockman., 1948-01-01

has made to our agriculture in the
past, and greater stability should
be n of our most important goals
In the vast program of irrigation
development that lies ahead in Mon
tana.
Uniformity of income from year
to year is perhaps as important to
most farm operators as is the amount
of income they receive. Wide varia-
tion in income as a result of COM
modify price variation may be re-
duced somewhat as weakness in our
economic system may be strength
ened. However, it seems likely that
we may always expect considerable
price variation. 1t therefore is i'm
portant to the welfare of our farm
people and, in fact, to all Montana
people, that production variation be
reduced as near to a minimum as
feasible.
Good farming and ranching prac-
tees which make use of modern
science as well as our accumulated
experience will contribute toward
stability of production. However, in
most parts of our state, the margin
between enough rainfall and not
enough rainfall to successfully grow
crops is, on an average, very mar
row., and that margin varies dras-
tically from year to year and from
period to period. Under these. con-
ditions, irrigation perhaps makes
its biggest contribution as a stab
ilizer of agricultural production.
Major Contributions
From 1929 to 1915 an average of
% percent of our harvested acres
were irrigated and they produced,
on an average, 81 percent of our
total crop value. In 1913, one of
the most favorable weather years,
% percent of our harvested acres
were irrigated and they produced
only Is percent of our crop value.
However, the contrast is in 1886,
one of our least favorable years,
when 80 percent of our harvested
acres were irrigated and they pro-
duced SO percent of our crop value
For the 10 year drouth period,
1029-39, the % percent of our cror
acres harvested under irrigation
produced 40 percent of our croI
value. Without irrigation in 1886
and in a number of other year
within our memory, agricultural pro
duction would have been insignifi
cant and the distress of our peopl
almost beyond imagination.
These facts about the production
of our irrigation lands tell us of tn
most obvious contribution irrigatio
has made to Montana agricultur
in drouth years. Some of the les
obvious contributions that we d
not have the figures to supper
might be the following:
L. OHldller Vi nNeStOC
herds.
2. Maintenance of schools ar
other county services during IL
drouth years as a consequence
more regular payment of taxes {
irrigated farms.
8. Maintenance of processin
plants and commercial establis